The Sun.
London, England, 1853-11-08 00:00:00

'll% THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING. NOVEMBER 8, 1853.

struck, even on Thursday, they would be found
to have largely profited by their operations during
the last few months. If we compare the prices
of Stocks and Shares five months since with the
present quotations, we shall find a large surplus
still remaining in the hands of the Ursine frater-
nity, and no mercy should be shown until they
have surrendered the last farthing.
It now depends on those who have already suf-
fered severely, whether they will let off their in-
defatigable opponents—whether, in fact, they will
themselves construct easy paths for their escape.
If they yield to the temptation of a trifling " back-
wardation"—if they loan their stocks or shares on
any terms—they play the game of their assailants,
and sacrifice their own interests in the most
palpable manner. Let them steadfastly deter-
mine to be true and faithful to each other--
to look to the general welfare rather than
to trifling personal advantages, and they will
find that the quotations will improve, at least,
two or three per cent.,; in place of a quarter or
three-eighths. Everything, in fact, shows that
they can safely do so. The Eastern difficulty may
be considered as " virtually arranged." So says
the Times of this day, and we have no reason to
doubt the accuracy of its intelligence in that re-
spect. Even a pitched battle between the troops
under OMER PA CHA and Prince GORTSCHAKOFF could
scarcely retard, much less prevent, the adjustment of
the dispute. As we have long since pointed out
a slight advantage gained by the Russians would
materially promote the settlement, by enabling
NICHOLAS to retire with comparative honour (such
honour as may be awarded to an unscrupulous
invader) from the position he so recklessly a 5..-
smiled. Nor do we see that a Turkish victory
would lead to any opposite result. It might
delay, but would not defeat, the final settlement
agreed upon. A few thousand lives more or less are
nothing to a roan exercising despotic power over sixty
or seventy millions of serfs, and who thinks nothing
of the sacrifice of myriads of human beings to the
gratification of his vanity or cupidity—to the
satisfaction of a piece of punctiliousness (similar
to that of the duellist of the last century, a class
now happily unknown), or the promotion of his
own interests, either by way of direct aggrandise-
ment or by crippling the powe of his adversary.
Peace is all but certain. I fundholders and
shareholders consider these things, and refuse to

abandon the advantages they have obtained, or
to iet their persecutors off on easy terms, and
they will teach a lesson that cannot easily be for-
gotten, but must be productive of the most salu-
tary results for months to come.

The unfortunate difficulty between the masters
and operatives in the manufacturing districts is
daily becoming more complicated, and the pros-
pects of an amicable solution more and more remote.
The angry passions of the parties concerned are

greatly inflamed and exasperated. Each man feels
himself to be deeply injured, and to have well-
founded causes of complaint against his opponents.

The employers see the balances at their bankers

daily decreasing—their liabilities are still coming
round, with unerring exactitude, while the esta-

blishments in which their capital has been in-
vested, and which should provide the means for
liquidating all such demands, are lying idle and
unproductive—the machinery, which had been
erected at an enormous expense, rusting for want
of use. On the other hand, the workmen, who
with their families are enduring the most stringent
privations, ascribe their sufferings to the stern
determination and inflexible resolution of the
masters, in place of attributing them to the true
causes—their cwn reckless folly, and perverse

infatuation in suffering themselves to be deceived
by the turgid declamations and pompous platitudes
of the mischievous agitators who have led them
so far astray from the path of rectitude and fair
dealing. It is by no means difficult to declaim on
what the would-be leaders are pleased to term
" the rights of. labour." It is easy to expatiate
on the villany of " the Cotton Lords, who (for-
sooth) are not in the habit of going to the ale
bench, and not content with drinking their beer,
but who must have their wines, and their servants
to wait on them, and whose wives were luxuriating
in silks and satins, while the operatives must be
content to wear their miserable cotton dresses."

The Socialist doctrines of full and perfect equa-
lity, and a division of capital among all persons
ready to put in their claims, are easily inculcated
on those who would benefit by the change, and
by the formation of a common fund into which

the entire wealth of the country should be cast for
general distribution. Quod volumus facile credimus,
the half-starved turn-out who was barely supporting
existence on the precarious contributions extorted
from various sources, revelled in the fancy of ample
dinners and hot suppers of the best joints, flanked
with fish, game, or poultry, and washed down
with the rich juice of the grape, or, what might
be even more acceptable, with copious libations
of brandy and water, or, to use their own lan-
guage, of " warm with " or " cold without,"
while the wives, whose humble finery had long
since been consigned to the safe keeping of the
pawnbrokers of the district, who had not even
the " miserable cotton dresses to wear," indulged
in making dreams of flowing robes of silk or
satin, made in the newest style of fashion, and
fitting to the highest degree of perfection. Who
would not follow out the paths leading to such
brilliant results ? who would not render himself
or herself worthy a place in the Cowelliun,
paradise by submitting for a brief period to
the necessary privations, and obeying, ' with ser-
vile and unreasoning fidelity, the despotic or-
ders, of the commander who promised so glorious
a termination to the contest between " labour
and capital" —not merely the emancipation, but the
unequivocal triumph of the former—" the des-
tinies of trade" being placed under the control of
committees, and to be settled at nightly confer-
ences, during by no means dirt/ debates, in the
various public-houses ? Yet this is the b tred
intelligence of the operatives who listen with in-
dulgence, and even give some degree of credence
to such unmitigated trash, in place of . •
xammtng
it by the light of reason and common mulat_de_
tecting the palpable illusion, mid expelling from
their councils the parties who formed such humble
estimates of their judgment.
Each party then has entered on the internecine
conflict with the most inflexible resolution---to
achieve a victory, and to make the opposite side
bear the expenses of the war. The operatives
look not merely to the present ten per cent. de-
manded unconditionally from all, as well from
those who had made previous advances, as others
who had rejected any addition to the rate of
wages ; but also to obtaining new concessions from
time to time in the shape of increased wages and
reduced hours of work, while the masters not
merely refuse any further concession, but reclaim
those they have already given, declaring that
" whenever the time shall arrive for the re-open-
ing of the mills, the rate of wagesshall be the same
as was paid on or beforeithe Ist of March last—
subject, however, to such alterations as may be
recommended by the committee in particular
cases 1"

c, We thus find
cannot blame the maawstoe
that the mischievous spirit f
combination" is at O
in self-defence. rrks,
foron bothiw a
ssi aides.
es
saW7e
tivesdang ertohuesy ad not resorted to the
One confederacies would have
taken up by the opera-.
side,
.they were in_
de-
tail. If unions and eeo been
ruined in
and justifiable onwere legal
dispensable on the other.
would' it be if these Associatiut far better
solved, and that the old law were were dig'
re-
enacted
prohibiting all such confederacies, ancl
ing each person to settle his own affairs with-
out the interference of officious intermeddlers.
Under the existing law the workman is nominally
protected in the free disposal of his labour against
any combination of his fellow-workmen ; but such
is not practically the case, and we fear that the
___—....i—.......

disease has now arrived at such a pitch that
nothing but a Legislative remedy will prove
effectual, or restore the amicable relations that
should always exist between those who are mu-
tually dependent on each other, and "whose
interests are one and indivisible !"

MONEY MARKET

AND
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

CITY, TWO O'CLOCK.

The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were
estimated at 6,000 bales, of which 1,500 American

were taken for export and on speculation. The
market closed steadily, with, but little change in
prices. The sales included 5,000 American, 300
Egyptian at 6d. to 74d., and 400 Surat at 2id.
to 411 per lb. The Railway Share Market opened
very firm at an advance of 1 to 2 per cent. but
closed rather flat.

The. state of the dried fruit trade in London, is
described by Messrs. Witherby and Hanson as
follows :

" This great falling off in the deliveries of currants
may be regarded either in a favourable or an unfavour-
able light. It is most unfavourable if we can bring our-
selves to the strange belief that the use of currants has
been suddenly given up by all classes in this country, by
reason of the price to consumers being 3d. and 4d. per
lb. higher than during the last winter. If this were the
case the public must of necessity have taken moreraisins
than usual in the autumn, whereas the London clear-
ances of that article in September and October have
been only 1,300 tons, against 1,800 tons in September
and October, 1852, when prices ruled higher than at
present. Nor do the trade, who for the most part hold
no stock, despair of currants being shortly required,
though, owing to various causes the demand will set in
later than usual. Although the deliveries of the last
three months of this year will not come up to the
5,000 tons cleared during that period in 1851, nor to
the 3,500 tons in 1852, yet if the quantity taken for
consumption during the next four winter months be only
equal to that cleared during the summer months of May,
June, July and August last (2,600 tons) without any
reference to the 1,350 tons shipped in bond, the article
will probably have a very different aspect at the termi-
nation of that period. Holders, therefore, refrain gene-
rally from offering their goods whilst buyers shew so
little inclination to come -forward. The market con-
tinues in a state of inaction, and no sales have been
made to cause any alteration in prices. The quality of
the New Cephalonia Fruit just landed is better than the
thist arrivals 41852, and 100 e. is demanded : the New
Patras is not better than that of 1852, and the total
yield of good and bad of all growths will be less than
half of that of 1852 crop."
Of raisins we still require 2,600 tons to reach
the total importation of last season until Christ-
mas.

To-morrow being Lord Mayor's-day, and the
procession passing down Mincing-lane, there will
be no public sales of colonial produce.
The Iron Market is lower. Scotch pigs are 735.
to 735. 6d. for mixed numbers. The very impor-
tant measure which the French Government is
shortly expected to take in respect to the admis-
sion of English iron at a comparatively low duty,
if not free of any impost, has been partly antici-
pated, having been known for some time to certain
parties having connections at Paris ; and it is be-
lieved that very influential personages there
have been large buyers on their own ac-
count. Not the least doubt exists, however,
but that there will be a great stimulus
given to the Iron trade in the United Kingdom by
this bold step of Louis Napoleon, and although the
immediate purpose is to facilitate the construction
of railways in France, there are indications of its
being the precursor of a more enlightened commer-
cial system, somewhat in the direction of free
trade, with corn admitted free, and iron to follow,
one great barrier is already removed.
The steamer from. Southampton to Alexandria
took.out a very large mail for India and Australia,
the newspapers filling an immense number of
boxes. By the mail via Marseilles, this evening,
there will no doubt be a greater quantity of letters.
The amount of bills drawn by the Hon. East
ludia Company here upon the three presidencies
was, during the fortnight ended last evening,
60,1511.
Silver is still rising in value, bars having been
sold at id. per oz., and dollars at ld. per ounce
advance.

The market for English Securities has been
buoy ant again, but the principal business is for
money. The large " Bear" accounts seem to have
been mostly bought in, and it is the policy of the
dealers to keep the market as quiet as possible until
after the settlement. The " options " will come
off to-morrow, and the " calls" will probably have
been already to a great extent operated against.
Consols have realised 95 to 95i for transfer,
94i to 95i for the Account. The New Three-and-
a-Quarter per Cents. have been 96 to 968, and
the Three per Cents. 94 to ;I. Bank Stock is
firm at 217. Exchequer Bills are at ss. premium,
and India Bonds at par.
In foreign Stacks there has been a slight increase
of business. The Three per Cents. have been
45i f, and the Deferred 22 to s. Portuguese Four
per Cents. bring 42 to A. Equador Stock is at si.
Brazilian Old Stock is worth 97-i. Russian Four-
and-a-flalf per Cents. have been 98-Ly to 99.
The Railway Share Market has been rather
flatter, but with moderate transactions. French
Shares are quieter.
The Gold Mine Shares have been rather heavier,
and the Brazilian Imperial have receded.
The Land Companies' Shares are maintained.
Banks are dull.
The Metcalfe Mine shares are very depressed.

BRITISH FUNDS TI/IS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK
( Prom the Official List.)
Business dono
Bank Stock . .
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 94s
3 per Cent. Consols Annuities 9st 5
New 3i per Cent. Annuities 96 6 g t
Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan., 1860 -16
India Bonds, 1000 .......,..... .....
Ditto, under £lOOO 3 p
Consols for Account
Exche. uer Bills, 2d.
2500
Small

5 p
5 p
-1 25 p

PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCX.
Bratilidt Bande, 5 per Cent
Cala 7 lief CC (Matantias &Sabanilla Bonds) 102
Equador Bonds
Poi...agues° Bonds, 4 per Cent • , 42 i
Russian Bonds, 1822, 5 per Cent. £ St ---,
Ditto 41 per Cent 99 8
Spanish Bonds, 3 per Cent 451 4
Spanish New Deferred, 3 per Cent. 22 k
Dividends on the above:payable in London.
French Rentes, 3 per Cent.
Belgian Bonds 4. per Cent. ex. 25 fr ..... 95 x d
Dutch Exchange, 21 per Cent. 12 Gu11.....
Ditto for the Account 64

HALF•PAST TWO,
Consols 951
Ditto December A ccotint

AUSTRALIAN DEPARTURES.—The departures for the
Australian colonies from the port of London during the
week slid* a decrease: They have comprised altogether
ten vessels, four to Port Philip, with an aggregate bur-
den of 3,472 tons ; three to Sydney, with an aggregate
blirden of 1,553 tons ; one to Hobart Town, of MO tons ;
one to few Zealand, of 533 tons ; and one to Adelaide,
of 477 tons. Their total capacity was Consequently
djd4B tdris. The rates of freight are steady, without
material alteriliofi:
THE SHRINE OF EDWIrt.O lift CONFESSOR.—This
shrine, though now very much mutilated, titill enables us
to fain an opinion of its former richness and beality
This shrine was erected by Henry 111. on the canonizing
of Edward; icing cif England, by Pope Alexander 111.,
who caused his Lando to be placed in the catalogue of
saints, and issued his bull to the Abbot Lawrence, and
convent id Westminster; enjoining that his body be
iionbiired hers oil earth: as his soul is glorified in heaven.
Before this shrine was fornierlY kept a lamp continually
burning, on one side of which stood a figure of the Vir-
gin, wrought in silver, which, with two jew`els d Ml-
mehse value, were presented as an offering by Queen
Eleiner: On the other side stood another image of the
Virgin; vsfeiight hi Fiery, presented by Thos. A'Becket,
Archbishop of danterlynry. To this shrine Edward I.
afere'ci ITIC SCottiSh regalia and the coronation chair,
liflieli 14 sign , Pre,served; Aiphonso; about the year
1280, offered iiiiii the &id' c'oro'net of Llewellyn, Prince
of Wales, and other jewels. it,i4 said that Henry IV.,
being on his knees here, was seized with apoplexy,
and for speedy relief removed to the abbot's
rehcollouect
se, '
when, coming to himself, he could not
*hers he was, but upon inquiring was told the
here room bore the name of Jerusalem, to which he re-
plied, "The Lord have mercy upon me then, for
I must die," having been formerly told by a magi-
cian that he should die at Jerusalem. It is painful
to witness the damage which has been done to this and
several of the surronnding monuments, .which were ori-
ginally enriched with so much cost and art. Recent dis-
cussions as to their restoration will be remembered by
our readers. The stonework of the Confessor's shrine
is hollow within, and now incloses a large chest, which
Mr. Keep, soon after the coronation of James 11., found
to contain the remains of St. Edward, for, being broken
(it is said) by accident, lie discovered, upon turning up
the bones, a crucifix richly ornamented and enamelled,
and a gold chain 2u inches long, both of which he pre-
sented to his Majesty, who ordered the bones to be re
placed in the old coffin, and inclosed in a new oce made
i very strung.--Ty I,3uiloler.

LATEST FOREIGN NEWS

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.
HOSTILITIES ON THE DANUBE.
We learn by Electric Telegraph that on the 19th
of October Oiner Pasha was at Itehubar, where he
had concentrated 200 gunboats, each carrying a

piece of heavy ordnance, and fit for the trams_ ft
of troops. The Pasha was preparing to cross the
Danube at this point, where he had the centre of
the Russian army before him.
Prince• Gortschakoff's head-quarters had been
removed to Slatina, whence the Russian Com-
mander in-Chief watched the movements of Omer

Pasha's corps.
Hostilities have commenced in Asia.
A special steamer, with despatches from Selim
Pasha for the Seraskier, arrived on the evening of

the 23rd from Batoum.
The contents of these despatches are known by
vague rumours only.
By electric telegraph, via Vienna yesterday, it
is stated that according to private news from Bu-
charest, Omer Pacha had received definite orders
to suspend hostilities, and direct negotiations of
peace had begun. A considerable rise took place
on 'Change on receipt of the above news, though
not yet authentic. Negotiations for an armistice

are certainly going on.
There is a rumour that a French force of 25,000
men will be sent to Constantinople.
The Cologne Gazette states from Vienna, 2d inst.,
that Count Giulai will not proceed to Italy but re-
main in the Austrian capital. Count Fiquelmont
has been summoned to Vienna. _ _ _

'"'"7
It is said that on the 20th of October Massa Bey
sent a reconnoitring party in the direction of Cirock-
dere. The Russians surprised and attacked this
detachment on its march. &Jim Pasha, attracted

by the noise of the skirmish, advanced with rein-
forcements, and encountered a corps of 15,000
Russians from Redout Kale and other points. An

engagement took place ; the Russian -forces were
routed, and Selim Pasha' established his head-
quarters at Orelly, at the distance of six leagues
from Cirock-dere.
Letters from the Persian frontier state that Mr.
Thompson, the British Charge d'Affaires, was pre-
sent at the manoeuvres in the camp of Sultanieh.
The Ambassadors of itussia and Turkey were not

in the camp.
The Affghans have sent an Ambassador to the
Schah, entreating him to take the part of Turkey,
and threatening, in case of non-compliance to
march upon Hamadan. This news is confirmed by
despatches which have arrived from Shiraz.
The Ost Deutsche Post of Vienna, of the 3d,
says :—" News has just been received by an elec-
tric despatch that a Peace Congress is to meet in
London. In addition to the plenipotentiaries'of
the five great powers, there will also be an Otto-
man one present.- We have not read the despatch,
but place entire reliance on it."
The Lloyds of Vienna, of the 3d, says :—" Prince
Gortschakoff has established a government in Mol-
davia. There has not been any combat between
the Russians and Turks near Kalafat. On Sun-
day last the Russian head-quarters were at Kra-
jowa. The Turks have not advanced beyond
Skripez. All the inhabitants have taken to flight
and seek refuge at Krajowa. It appears that the
Russians wish to fortify themselves there."
A letter from Vienna of the 3d, in the Post Ga-
zette of Frankfort gives a different version of the
affair of Isactcha to those heretofore published. Two
steamers, it says, the Pruth and the Ordonnance,
received orders to tow eight gunboats to Galatz and
Braila, but on reaching the fort they were fired on.
After a combat of several hours, they succeeded in
forcing the passage, and arrived at Galatz in the
night, though with five gunboats only. Two of the
boats were subsequently towed to Braila by the
Pruth. Those which remained at Galatz were
more or less damaged. The Russians had 25 killed,
one of whom was a colonel, and 70 wounded.
They left two of the gunboats at Keni with the
wounded. It is not said what became of the eighth
boat.
The Nuremberg Correspondent has the following
from Vienna, dated the Ist :—" The opinion is
gaining ground that the orders of the Sultan to
Omer Pacha not to begin hostilities arrived too
late, that General having authority to act without
applying to the Divan for instructions. Baron de
Meyendorff has, it is said, announced that he has
had orders to declare formally that the Empe-
ror Nicholas would not examine any proposition of
mediation, from whatever side it should come.
He has added that the propositions sent some days
before by the Czar were the only pacific words that
would issue from his lips. In presence of that dis-
tinct declaration of Baron de Meyendorff, the pro-
position of Lord Stratford de Redcliffe was put
aside."
A letter from Vienna, in the Breslau Gazette,
says :—" The Consul-General of France at Bucha-
rest, has left for Trqnsylvania, but the consular
establishment has remained."
According to a letter from Bucharest of the
29th ult., in the Breslau Gazette, the Russian
troops on the Danube do not exceed 70,000 ; and
no more arriving from Besarabia.
A letter from the camp at Schumla, in the Journal
de Constantinople, gives the following proclamation
of Omer Pacha, addressed to the army :
" Asiatic, African, and European officers and soldiers.
The blood of your ancestors has more than once red-
dened this soil which a powerful enemy wishes to ravish
from us. Confided by your fathers to your patriotic
honour it is still without a stain ; know that you cannot
make a step without a voice rising from the earth to say
to you : The dust under your feet is our ashes, the
ashes of your forefathers ; defend it. Soldiers, let us
swear to shed together the very last drop of our blood
to maintain the integrity of the throne of our Emperor
and well-beloved Sovereign Sultan Abd-ul-Diledjid
Khan.' "
The Grand Mufti then offered up a prayer, the
Amen to which was repeated by the whole army.
The drums then beat, and a prolonged shout of
" Long live the Sultan" was raised. Omer Pasha
refused to permit the troops to defile before him,
saying that he would not accept such adistinguished
honour until he had gained a victory over the Rus-
sians. Amon' the foreigners present were Mr.
Neale, the British Consul at Varna, a son of Baron
Bruck's, and General Prim, who received a splen-
did charger as a present from Omer Pasha.
Should hostilities continue between the Russians
and Turks, it is certain that the conduct of Austria
will be closely watched, and perhaps guarantees re-
quired for the maintenance of a neutrality which
will afford no material advantage to Russia. The
Austrian Government issued on the 17th ult. a
circular to the ministers at foreign Courts giving
asgurances of its neutrality. The following ap-
pears td lie the most important passage of that
document :
"His Imperial Majesty, faithful to his pacific sys-
tem, has not hesitated a moment as to the line of con-
duct which his duty pointed out in the new phase into
which the Eastern question has entered. As long as
the interests of his own empire shall not be directly
menaced by war, his Majesty will remain neutral, the
more so as the positive and reiterated declarations of the
Court of Russia give him the certainty that that Power
does not mean to infringe on the integrity of the Otto-
man Empire, nor on the sovereign rights of the Sultan."
Letters from Constantinople, of the 25th ult.,
state that Omer Pasha was at Rahova, nearly oppo-
site the spot where the Chyl falls into the Danube,
on the 19th. He had collected there 200 gun boats,
each armed with a heavy piece of ordnance, and
capable of embarking a considerable body of troops.
He visa preparing to cross the Danube at that point
in front of the centre of the Russian army. Gorts-
chakoff had removed his head-quarters to Slatina,
whence he was observing the movements of the
Turkish troops. A steamer arrived in the afternoon
of the 23d at Constantinople from Batoum, with
despatches from Selim Pasha for the Seraskier.
They announced that on the 20th, Mastar Bey
having been despatched to make a reconnaissance
in the direction of Ciorock-Dere, was unexpect-
edly attacked by the Russians. Selim Pasha
gicivanced to his assistance, and found himself
in frohrt of 15,000 of the enemy who had come up
from Redone-Ka/eh and other places. An engage-
ment ensued, but the advantage was in favour of
Selim Pasha, who established his head-quarters the
same night at Orelli, about eight hours' march from
Ciorock-Dere. Letters had been received at Con-
stantinople from the frontiers of Persia, which
stated that Mr. Thompson, the British Chargé
d'Affaires, was present at the mauceuvres at Sul-
tanieli. Neither the Russian nor Turkish Minister
was present.
Another letter from Constantinople, of the 27th,
states that Monsignor Anthimos, the new Pa-
triarch of Constantinople, had addressed a pastoral
letter to the members of the Synod and to the
Chiefs of the Greek community, announcing to
them the benevolent disposition of the Sultan,
who had condescended to be present at his inves-
titure, a favour which no Patriarch had' obtained
since the reign of Mahomet 11. Monsignor An-
thimos concludes his letter by repeating the words
used by the Sultan, who declared that he meant
to guarantee, of himself, and without any foreign
suggestion, the privileges and immunities granted
by his august ancestors to the members of the dif-
ferent Greek communities. Those words produced
a great effect on all the Greeks.
Prince Gortschakoff has suspended the usual
Wallachian authorities, and formed an Extraordi-
nary Administrative Council. A short time ago
the. Hospodar was invited by Prince Gortschakoff
to lay down the reins of government for a time and
to leave the principality. The " invitation" was
of course equivalent to a command, and the Prince
), only demanded time for the arrangement of his

private affairs. On the 27th of October Prince
George, the Hospodar's eldest son, quitted Bu-
charest for Hermanstadt with the private treasury
of his father, and on the 30th the latter was to
follow him. The Chief of the Police, M. Plagino,
who is the Hospodar's brother-in-law, has also quit-
ted the service of his country. It appears that
there is. a general emigration among the higher
classes, as apartments are ordered here for a great
number of the most influential and wealthy Boyards.
On the 24th a Russian steamer, with two gun-
boats in tow, passed up the river from Galatz.
This is a new breach of treaty, as Russian vessels
of war have no right to go higher up the river than
Reni, which is on the Pruth. The Presse learns
by a letter of the 30th of October, from Orsova,
that a very smart affair has taken place be-
tween the Turkish vanguard and about 2,500
Russian Lancers. The conflict occurred at no
great distance from Karajova, on the road between
that place and Kalafat, and after two hours'
fighting the Russian vanguard fell back towards
Slatina. As this position on the Aluta would be
difficult to maintain, it is believed that the ad-
vanced posts of General Dannenberg's army corps
will join the main body near Piteschti, a place on
this side of the river Ardshisch. Dannenberg, who
is said to be at the head of 45,000 regulars, 2,500
Cossacks, and 200 guns, has his head-quarters at
Piteschti. _

A letter of the 24th from Jassy, in the Trieste
Zeitung, induces the belief that the strength of
the Russian army in the Principalities has been
much exaggerated. That there are 75,000 men
in Wallachia, and of the 6,000 in-" Moldavia the
greater part is in the south, at IBerlad, Tekutsch,
and Fokshan. In Jassy and its environs are
about a thousand men, but none in the west.
About 20,000 men are concentrated at some few
English miles from Bucharest, and there Prince
Gortschakoff still has his head-quarters. Strong
Russian detachments have been sent to Islas*
Opposite Nicopolis, and to Pojana to the east of
Kalafat. According to the Bucharest paper, which
is printed under the very eyes of the Russian mili-
tary authorities, the sick amount to about 12,000
men, most of whom are affected by a very singular
complaint, which carries off great numbers. A
bladder-like swelling appears on the chest, and in.
a few days suppurates, " discharging a substance
like earth." The complaint is by some attributed.
to insufficient and coarse food, by others to the
long and fatiguing marches in the summer.
The extraordinary Administrative Council at
Bucharest has made known that all Russian and
Moldo-Wallachian merchant vessels have to cease
to navigate the Danube from the 26th of October,
and to remain at the place where they may chance
to be. Under no pretence are wheat, salt, or any
other objects to be sold to the Turks. On the 18th
of last month the first snow fell in Bulgaria. "Up
to Sunday last, October 30, 16,000 Turks had
landed at Kalafat. The Austrian Consul-General
at Bucharest has been recalled,