The Sun.
London, England, 1854-10-24 00:00:00

RUSSIA.

The Cracow Czas contains the following review
of the state of parties in Russia, under the head of
St. Petersburg :
" There exist two great political parties in Russia,
namely, the so-called St. Petersburg or German, whose
principal members belong to Courland families, and the
Panslavonian, or the old Russian or Muscovite. The
leading principle of the German party, at the head
of which stands Count Nesselrode, is the main-
tenance of legitimacy throughout Europe. Many
of the first State dignitaries and generals belong to
this party, which has a preponderance in the Council
of State. The Pauslavonian party has likewise great
influence over the State rudder, holds many high
high offices, and stretches over the whole aristocracy of
Muscovite extraction. The ruling thought with these
is the extension of Russia and its power as a Slavonian
empire. It is only as regards the carrying out of this
thought that the party is divided into three shades, who
thus form three parties. The first fraction of Panslavo.
nians, which is the most numerous and important, has for
object the increase of Russian power, by the union of all
other Slavonian races. They wish to form one mighty
central Slavonian empire, and to change the Imperial
title of Emperor of all the Russias into Emperor of all
Slavonians. In such case all Slavonian countries
(including Bohemia) would be mere Russian pro-
vinces. The second fraction dreams of converting each
Slavonian state into a separate monarchy, under the
rule of a member of the Rotnanoff family, but all united
in one bond, always and immediately under Russian
Hegemony. The memory of Pesth and Mwrwoff is the
vision of the third and small fraction, which likewise has
Russian Hegemony in view. Thus the grand object of
all is the aggrandisement of Russia, and not the welfare
of Slavonian races. The two last Panslavonian fractions
have a mere ideal existence. The first only has a solid
foundation. Princes Menschikoff, Gortschakoff, and 'Wel-
konski, areitspillars, and the Grand Duke Constantine also
belongs to it. The German party, sornewhatindisposed to
the present war, but nevertheless penetrated with the con-
viction that Russia cannot now agree to any humiliating
peace, regards the defence of the orthodox faith alone as
a solution of the war. [What this means is far from
clear ] The Panslavonian party, on the other hand,
would merely put forward Pauslavonianism as a pre-
text. The Emperor, who seeks to uphold the principles
of the Russian Government and legitimacy throughout
Europe, and at the same time dwells upon the extension
of Russia and augmentation of her power, accepts or
declines the counsel of either party, and centres in him-
self the direction of both. To which aide he will even-
tually lean time will show."

ST. PETEIZSBURGH, Oct. 21.—The Government
has received despatches from Prince Menschikoff
of the 16th. He states that the Allies had con-
structed three batteries, but the Russian artillery
had hindered the opening of their Bre.

PRUSSIA.
BERLIN, Oct. 21.—The two following facts,
which aro the subject of conversation and even of
surprise in diplomatic circles this evening, afford
striking evidence- of_ the politicaL mismanage-
ment and miscalculation of the party, which for

the misfortune of Prussia, predominates in Pr

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arrival tliLi evenill! of the Llavaliau .\ uisier
President, M. von der Pfordten, whose ob-
ject is to attempt negotiating for smoothing
matters between the Cabinets of Berlin and
Vienna. The second, not less significative of the
false position in which this Government is placed
in regard to German States is the return from
Weimar of Count Beust, envoy of the Thurin-
giau Duchies, and not to be confounded with the
Saxon Premier of the same name. This envoy
arrived last night, and shortly after proceeded
to the Foreign-office, where he had an inter-
view with M. Man, the Under-Secretary of
State for that department, and informed him that
a meeting had been held of Ministers of Thu,.
ringian Duchies on Wednesday, at Weimar, where
these Ministers had come to the resolution of
supporting Austria at Frankfort—a resolution of
course subject to the approbation of their respec-
tive Sovereigns, of which not a doubt can exist. It
is added that this unexpected intelligence created a
painful surprise, and ii as met by remarks which
proved that the Prussian Cabinet sorely felt the
annoyance of being abandoned by States which it
regarded as mere puppets in its band. The defal-
cation, if such it may be termed, is the more serious,
since it follows that of Hanover and other States,
upon whose support the Prussian Cabinet had
firmly calculated.