The Sun.
London, England, 1853-11-14 00:00:00

COURT CIRCULAR.

WINDSOR, Nov. 12.

The dinner party yesterday included the Duchess of
Brabant, the Duchess of Kent, the Duke of Brabant,
the Duke of Argyll, the Belgian Minister, the Lady in
Waiting to the Duchess of Brabant, the Lady in Wait-
ing to the Duchess of Kent, Lord George Lennox,
Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence, the Hon. Sir Ralph and
Lady Mary Abercromby, Sir William and Lady Moles-
worth, the Right Hon. W. E. and Mrs. Gladstone,
Count Gustave de Lannoy, and Baroness de Speth.
The band of the Ist Life Guards atteuded in the
Castle during dinner.
The Queen, with the Duchess of Brabant, drove out
this forenoon in an open pony phaeton. Lord Charles
Fitzroy attended on horseback.
Prince Albert went out shooting.
The whole of the visiting company, except the Duke
and Duchess of Brabant, left the Castle to-day.

The Earl of Clarendon arrived this afternoon on a
visit to the Queen.
The dinner party this day included the Duchess of
Brabant, the Duchess of Kent, the Duke of Brabant,
the Earl of Clarendon, the Lady in Waiting to the
Duchess of Kent, Lady Frances Bruce, Baroness de
Speth, the Rev. Lord and Lady Wriothesley Russell,
Count Gustave de Lannoy, and Sir George Couper.
The band of the Scots Fusilier Guards was in attend-
ance during dinner ; the Queen's private band attended
in the evening in the Castle.

Nov. 13.

The Queen and Prince, the Prince of Wales, the
Princess Royal, Princesi Alice, and the Duchess of
Kent, the ladies and gentlemen of the Court, and the
domestic household, attended divine service this morn-
ing in the private chapel of the Castle. The Earl of
Clarendon was also at the service. The Hon. and Rev.
G. Wellesley officiated.
The Duke and Duchess of Brabant, with the Count
and Countess Gustave de Lannoy, went to the Catholic
chapel at Clewer.
A deputation on the subject of the Leicester- square
Junction Railway had an interview with the Right
Hon. E. Cardwell on Saturday at the Board of Trade.
The deputation consisted of Messrs. Tulk, Nind, Mar-
rable, Hamden, Dunn, Ottaway, Gordon, Drake, and
Lewis.
Mr. John Wood, chairman of the Board of Lnland
Revenue, had an interview on Saturday with the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer, at his official residence in I )own-
ing-street.
The Lords of her Majesty's Most Hon. Privy C ouncil
met on Saturday in the Court of Exchequer to set tle the
roll of sheriffs for the ensuing year. There were I ?resent
the Chancellor of the Exchequer (presiding in h. is gold
robe of office), the Lord President of the Privy (lonncil,
the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Chief Justice of England,
the Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pl,. eas, the
Lord Chief Baron of the Court of Exchequer, a nd Mr.
Baron Parke. Judges Alderson,Wightman, Talfo urd, and
others assisted at the ceremony. Mr. C. Grevill le, clerk
of the Privy Council was in attendance. Three gentle-
men were nominated for all the counties in England,
with the exceptions of Cornwall, and La,ncasleire, and
Middlesex. Three gentlemen were also nominated for
all the Welsh counties.
Sir William and Lady Molesw orth arrived in town
on Saturday from a v'ait to her Majesty at Windsor
Castle.

_
Viscount Palmerston left town on Saturday evening
for his seat, Broadlands, Hants.
The Chancellox of the Exchequer and Mrs. Gladstone
arrived in town on Saturday from. a visit to the Queen,
at Windsor Castle.

Despatches were received at the Colonial-office on
Saturday fr,sm the Governor of Hong Kong and the
Governor of Malta.

silkTHt
rEa
dS
eI LtKo
oTks
pA
iDaEe
.e—atAtinhrtLino
gnacifwathseackommitteeofthe
Conditioning-
house on Tuesday last,
•Voen it was ordered that the
weights', of the samples d'atained for conditioning should
be stated on the condlitioning note.. The committee also
ordered a series of ' ixials to test the accuracy of the
them
apparatus, which was exhibited in operation befotreatt emy
and which per/lot-7ms in about 40 minutes a task
Mr.h Dbe.
the old appara• t,Tis took from 3 to 4
houtrher with the
la.rbre, the d'.,,
rector, reported that, toofemilan,
Avig-
directors of. the conditioning. 2.1
h°Belbeserfeld, he had been
non, St. Et
,ienne, Zurich, and
de
r of 400 experiments
present a'
a series of
upwards of M. Gamot,
made at ,
• Lyons under
theconditioning house of that
the. di
rector of the
declared their entire satis-
city ;
that all bad
paratus, and that the
facti
,-...._ or t with the
new
vrhadePmemorialised the Govern-
Ch
at her of Commerceern
ploy it. The
.dirFctor also re-
nle•at for permission
movementto
for conditioning silk was
r.orte, d that the
advances on the continent, and he enume-
mall ng rapid
(including Vienna and. Moscow)
rated
whir.Tl ,were
pur; 2 bse•
several cities
about to have institutions established for the

1 1)R10E SD.

THE EASTERN QUESTION.

(From the Times.)
Our readers have now had time to weigh and
consider in all its original audacity the manifesto
of the Russian Emperor in justification of a Turkish
war. The reserve judiciously imposed in this
country upon public writers by public opinion, to-
gether with the respect conventionally held due to
the Governments of independent States, might
have prevented us from characterising this docu-
ment as it deserved, if the Czar himself had not
dissolved the rules of such decorum by assailing
with the most opprobrious epithets the manifesto
of his antagonist. The declaration of the Turkish
Government is styled by that of Russia a "lying
proclamation," although every reader in Europe is
perfectly aware that the Ottoman State paper was
not only, as regarded the question with Russia,
incontestably true, but was also couched in lan-
sguumrcahgietahoadfnoncuuontamsbe:leutpmoderation and forbearance. It
is by the Czar, and not by the Sultan, that truth
dunhoalfsiabbvteoneurnotas,beiwteilat; nbthoeeugßhust ;sinanorecaausn
ewe conceive how
could be expected to produce any effect upon
European Opinion except such as would be most
ulasfoouuswnednepssevuebfnlisorhi ewipiocuhlitaSermsmateurn,tdawaryye
language, the manifesto of the Cznar actuallyar drags
other Governments into its own false position, and
appeals to the policy of foreign States as support-
ing the views and resolutions of Russia against
Turkey. " The chief Powers of
_Europe," says this
document, have sought in vain by their exhorta-
tions to sbake the blind obstinacy of the Ottoman
Government," which " has responded to their
pacific efforts by a declaration of war." Anything
more audaciously untrue than this assertion was
never uttered in a State paper. The " exhorta-
tions" of European Powers were never directed to
any such ends, or based upon any such opinions as
are here described. They were addressed to the
Turks, it is true, in deprecation of war, but with
the free and notorious acknowledgment that
this war had been rendered actually justifiable
by the Czar's own acts. No European Powers
endeavoured to " shake the obstinacy" of the
Porte by counselling a submission to Prince
Menschikoff's demands ; on the contrary, these
Powers did all, in formal conference, prepare a
Note which they intended to nullify those de-
mands altogether. They only dissuaded war, be-
cause war was dangerous to Europe, and because
it was believed that the just claims of Turkey,
or, in other words, the withdrawal of the
Russian demands, could be secured by more desir-
able means. And, though it is true that the Porte
at last issued a declaration of war against the still
pacific views of its supporters, this step was cer-
tainly not taken until the provocations and insults
of Russia had been outrageously protracted. The
" spirit of long-suffering,' professed by the Czar,
was in reality exhibited, under the advice of Europe,
by the Sultan ; and at this moment the Ottoman
forces are only engaged in expelling intruders from
territories appertaining to the Ottoman Crown.
The mere scene of the war is enough, in the pre-
sent case, to prove which party has been the ag-
gressor.

A moment's consideration of the actual state of
affairs will place in its proper light these astound-
ing pretensions on the part of Russia to the sym-
pathies of the " Chief Powers of Europe." Not
only, as we have said, did all these Powers in Con-
ference agree, first to supersede Prince Menschi-
skoirs note.by a note. of their own, and next to
accept modifications proceeding directly from the
Ottoman Government, but they have since unmis-
takeably placed themselves either in plain oppo-
sition to Russian purposes, or in a position aloof
from the dispute. Two of these " Chief Powers"
are actually in arms on the side of Turkey,
while the two others, though they have not
joined in this overt demonstration, have neverthe-
less declared, as plainly as circumstances permitted,
that they disapproved the Russian cause. After
all the experiments of personal cajolery brought in
aid of political intrigue, the Czar was compelled to
learn from his own observation that neither Aus-
tria nor Prussia would second him in his designs
against the Porte, and the Sovereign who thus
unblushingly appeals to the sanction of Europe is
absolutely without the sympathy of a single Euro-
pean Government. All may not think alike
respecting the determination to push the case to
the issue of the sword; but all are of one accord
upon the character of those acts by which the dis-
pute was originally created.
The Czar now claims " reparation" for the
"insults" he has received. That he has received
no insults whatever, but has experienced, on the
contrary, remarkable consideration, not only from.
the Porte, but from all the Governments of Eu-
rope, is perfectly notorious. His demands upon
Turkey, whether " just," as he now describes
them, or " unjust,' as the mediating Powers
unanimously concurred in considering them, were
such, at any rate, as the Turkish Government had
the option of refusing. Upon this refusal he
marched his troops into territories depending upon
the Ottoman Crown, avowedly for the purpose of
putting force upon the Ottoman Government, and
seizing, as he himself declared, " a material gua-
rantee" for the concession of all he required.
During the long interval of this occupation Turkey
did absolutely nothing but collect her own forces.
Under the advice of her supporters, she suspended
from day to day the hostilities which the Czar was
continuously provoking, and when at last her
declaration of war was issued, it was so framed
that no possiblp exception could be taken to its
views of the pending quarrel. One of two courses,
indeed, Turkey was compelled to adopt. When
the Czar invaded the Principalities the Sultan
could either attack the Russians or leave them
alone. For six months he adhered to the latter
policy, which constitutes the whole of his " in-
sults ;" he has now chosen the former, which the
Czar perhaps, by such reasoning, may think a
" reparation."
On the broad question concerning the Ottoman
empire and its position we have expressed, as our
readers know, a decided opinion ; but, on the
particular quarrel between the Sultan and the
Czar, or on the merits of Russia in the case thus
created, we have never seen room for more than
one conclusion • nor has there, indeed, to the best
of our belief, been any argument openly advanced
in any country of Europe on behalf of the policy
of the Czar. Turkey had neither violated nor
evaded any treaties at all. No instances were ever
alleged by the Russian Government of such beha-
viour on the part of the Porte, while, on the other
hand, the Czar himself disclaimed all intention of
extorting any new concessions. We have thus a
warlike manifesto, grounded upon the necessity of
securing " a faithful observance of treaties," with-
out a single allegation in proof of such treaties
having been infringed. We have a Government,
which for six months has been maintaining one
continued act of aggression, taking credit to itself
for its spirit of " long suffering." We have a con-
fident appeal to Europe, after a European decision
against the appellant. We have a grave resolution
of an offender to punish an offence, and we have
the whole of these unscrupulous declarations con-
cluded with a verse from the Psalms ! Surely, the
verdict of the world upon such a proceeding may
be safely anticipated.

( From the Morning Chronicle.)
There is no treaty between England and Russia
which would be violated by the advance of our fleet
from the Bosphorus to the Black Sea. The Porte
was bound, by the treaty of 1840, to prohibit the
passage of the Straits by the naval forces of foreign
nations, except in time of war ; but,
contingency has now occurred, the fleet of any
as the excepted
~
power in Europe is at liberty, with the Sultan's
permission, to sail through the Dardanelles and the
Bosphorus. It is only on the presumption that
hostile intentions would be indicated by
such a
movement, that the Russian Government can
n have
any right to protest againt the appearance Eg-
lish or French ships in waters over Theh annou ich no power
can claim exclusive sovereignty. nce-
ment, therefore, that the advance of any portion
of the allied fleets will be considered a declaration
of war, will be treated by the "Western Govern-
ments as nugatory. Admiral Dundas will exercise
his own judgment as to the destination
of the ves-
sels entrusted to his charge, and he will be fully
able to repel any interference which may be at-
tempted by the Russian authorities.
It must be admitted that the Emperor has a
perfect right to guard himself against demonstra-
tions the cause of
tons avowedly intended to support
Turkey ; nor can he be blamed for tpaekrienegi
perceive
et 0 ini-
tiativehe in a contest which he may
unavoidable. But if the appearance of the allied
fleets in the Blacle.ioSea n is equivalent to an act of
war, no further
m
mendacious insinuation of
that the Greatthe Imperial manifesto,
Powersth of Europe have condemned
and disapproved
, ,e blind obstinacy of the Otto-
man Government."
Russia in the At one time, the advocates of
press affected to believe that the
1 presence ofthe fleets at Constantinople would

The circular to which we refer, like all the pre-
vious diplomatic documents which have recently
emanated from the same Anarter,ueems in-consie-
ten t with the reputation for abilitywhich the Po.reign-office of St. Petersburg has heretofore enjoyed.
Long experience in underhand intrigues appears to
have rendered Count Nesselrode: or those who act
in his name, incapable of maintaining the plausible
dignity which ought to characterise . solemn inter-
national communications.. The notorious misstate-
ment as to the advance of the fleets to Besika Bay,
was as injudicious as the, unseasonable paper,of ex-
planations which relieved the allied Powers from all
embarrassment with respect to the Vienna Note.
The Czar's declaration of war has excited the ridi-
cule as well as the indignation of Europe, and the
new circular combines an imprudent threat with
an implied confession of weakness. Count Nessel-
rode gratuitously promises that, in the present
struggle, Russia will remain on the defensive, and
will abstain from passing the Danube. It is remark-
able that so uncalled-for an act of moderation should
coincide with events which enable all the world
to understand " the reason why." With a Turkish
army in Wallachia, it is a safe display of pacificin-
tentions on the part of Russia to undertake not to
cross the Balkan. A week ago, there would have
been found journals ready to applaud the self-con-
trol of an irresistible conqueror, but the sycophants
of fortune have already abandoned the cause which
they had long supported in defiance of justice, and
in disregard of the interests and honour of Eng-
land. It must not, however, be fargotter, that
rgei key,
Minister who
the
any serious reverse suffered by the Ottoman army
would -
in-
vader. As for the Czar's promise to renounce fur-
ther aggressions
evsseons
should trust to such a pledge, if the road to Con-
stantinople were open, would scarcely deserve the
name of a statesman. Before the Porte had " re-
fused to confess its errors, or to give satisfaction to
just reclamations," incendiary proclamations were
theiron dormantiru sympathies for the
addressed to the Russian army, both from St. Pe-
tersburg and at Bucharest, in which a war of con-
quest was promised, and a march on Constanti-
nople not indistinctly indicated. Since that time,
Turkey has, it seems, given additional provocation
to Russia ; and yet no further aggression is to be
attempted. It was not necessary for Count Nes-
selrode to explain that, in the interval, Omer
Pacha had received the reinforcements which have
enabled him to carry the war into the heart of
Wallachia.

The affected moderation of the assurance that
bes
is, content ecnoturt th
intendedthe pl utnodseerrvseh she hasan
Russias
aahrgeuamd will
nyesteiazgeainst the interference of the Western
communication,thos eto whom it is addressed.
Lord er r the
understandings
to implycontempt fo
Powers. Yet it is scarcely seemly, in a form al di-
plomaticCstlaanrdienndn of
fand M. Drouyn de Lhuys have
longsince severally declared the views of England
and France on the position of the invading army i' n
Moldavia and Wallachia. Russia had no pretext'
for seizing Turkish territories in time of peace; and
there is no reason why she should not pass the
Danube in time of war, should such an operation be
strategicallypracticableandexpedient. The Western
Powers demand, not that the campaign shall be
conducted in a particular manner, but that it shall
be rendered unnecessary, by the immediate retreat
of the invader, and the withdrawal of his unreason-
able claims. Whether an unprovoked war is.carried.
on in one part of the Sultan's dominions or in
another, is a question wholly immaterial to.
the issue. Until the. desired object is attained,
England and Franee will continue, as Count
Nesselrode desires,, their efforts for the restoration
of peace ; and it is not impossible that one step in
the process may consist in the appearance of tint
_allied fleets off the coast of Bessarabia or of the
Crimea. If the attitude of the Turkish armies has
converted a crusade for the orthodox faith into a
defensive war in the Danubian Principalities, a fur-
ther application of the wholesome stimulus of fear
may probably complete a satisfactory arrangement
of the quarrel.

Among the numerous false statements which
make up the text of the Russian manifesto, there
is none more deliberate or more gross than the
assertion that the Porte, in commencing hostilities
on the Danube, has " enrolled in the ranks of
its army the revolutionists of all countries."
There was no reason whatever, so far as Russia
was concerned, why Turkey should refuse the aid
of the many brave and skilful officers who would
rejoice to serve, under whatever flag, against the
Power which revolutionised Poland, and which
completed the revolution by which Hungary
was overthrown. If Austria had imprudently
yielded to the solicitations of Russia, there is no
doubt that many a gallant refugee would have
gladly engaged in a war which, in such a case,
must soon have spread across the Carpathians. But
in promising and maintaining strict neutrality, the
Court of Vienna had a right to stipulate that the
Hungarian exiles should not appear in arms on the
borders of Transylvania ; and there is no ground
for asserting that Omer Pacha has, in any instance,
violated this understanding. The brave volun-
teers who may be guiding the inexperience of the
Turkish levies on the Asiatic frontier are at pre-
sent resisting, and not aiding, a revolutionary
attempt. There is no honest man in England or
France who would not rejoice in a successful at-
tempt on the part of Poland to shake off the Rus-
sian yoke ; and should the war which has com-
menced be of long duration, the Emperor's advisers
will do well to guard against such a danger. At
present, however, it is utterly false to insinuate
that Turkey or her allies have favoured even the
justest attempt at revolution. A. foreign Power
which encourages a rebellion against a hostile Sove-
reign undertakes the responsibility of guaranteeing
the insurgents against the consequences of their
enterprise. Belligerents hampered with such lia-
bilities are no longer at liberty to conclude peace
on the arrangement of their original differences ;
and it is in the necessity of guarding against inter-
minable war, that we may seek the justification of
statesmen who deliberately abstain from embarras-
sing an adversary by exciting internal dissensions
among his subjects.
The Potentate who insolently imputes revolu-
tionary intentions to an enemy who merely arms
to repel a foreign invasion, himself commenced the
dispute by requiring an innovation in the internal
constitution of Turkey. If an attempted change
in the relations between the Sultan and his sub-
jects, effected under a menace of Russianintrmders-
ence was not a revolutionary act, political
have lost their meaning. Rochambeau and IrJa-
fsaeyrveitnteg
under
rdpretended that, in
they were not encour-
agingscarcely Washington, have
the English Government. Thou nly difference be
revolutionary tendencies to the detriment Of
with
1778 felt a sympathy republicans,
which it
tween the two cases is, that yg. Frenchmen in
lation to the Christian
koff, or to his master, in re
would be absurd to attribute to Prince Menschi-
population of Turkey.
statesmen have not negociated
wisely ; and it remains
Thus far, Russian
to be seen whether Russian
atdhye errors of their superiors.
conferred a great service
generalsomer Pasha
startling some of the most devoted
on Europe by i
into a suspicion that they have
worshippers of force and mean cunning
acachua has
bloater
redeem
al e
mistaken blus for strength,
llian wisdom.
for Macbiave

MONEY PAID INTO COUNTY COURTS.—Last year
630,371/. was received to the credit of suitors of county
courts, and
630,6881. paid out to them, being an increase
on the preceding year.
IMPORTATION OF EGGS.—From official tables just
issued, it appears that last year the number of eggs im-
ported was 10,764,170, against 7,175,076 of the precedi
ing year.

SOIREE AT THE &DENHAM LITERARY INSTITUTION.
—A soirée of the members and friends of the above in-
stitution was held on Thursday evening, the 10th inst.,
at seven o'clock in the evening,. The use of the mansion
called Sydenham•place, had been kindly granted by the
owner, Mr. Wythes, for the occasion. The various
rooms were tastefully fitted up by some of the artists
connected with the Crystal Palace Company, and we
must say the arrangement of the various objects reflected
great credit on their judgment. The house - lately in
the occupation of the Crystal Palace Company, and by'
them used as a scientific workshop—had been, in the
short space of forty-eight hours, improvised into a
" pocket edition" of the Crystal Palace ; for there were
many of the ethnological, geological, and other object.o.
which have been executed under the superintendence
for
Dr. Latham, Mr. Bartlett, Mr. Gould, and
eonthtehrse,ttep
John Bull's summer house and winter garden on
of Sydenham-hill. We may note, amongst the
1101r:rt.:I
of especial interest, the musk deer
e;
sa
group of swans on glass, amongsti vroesdh,onigrasses,
• the Great
Mr. Miller's interesting basso-re ie
cabinet work es 1 pictures be
AEixrh.iTbihtoiomnp;sooso,moef
tbheeautifuslompheotfiorigreaphie
Majesty at Gore House; picturesd lent hbeyr
Getuhindoolßogaincail
Chantrey), of
Mr.fiGguue rreosi
i Hickmanlboy,
scoi.r,it hoof St yh de e nv ha al(unme
dVei
sfeer Vernon),
f.b 3';
: i Bunbaerhronometers and watches by
Bonnean girls,
curious
onotes f etxhheimb i toefd
theby thev value
l up re i no tef
ar
Gould's books on ornithology ;
tßoentlei the Bank
abundance of 'other interesting works were
and an a erlvariousi
no
gf ;E 1 s'ilro. land,le_ r.
million st;
of the mansion and grounds
.
scat-
tered over the tables rooms.ofthevwarieroeutshrowu
open, T h ea
lawdh olthey
number of visitors was estimated at from 800 to 1,000