The Sun.
London, England, 1853-07-14 00:00:00

TURKEY AND RUSSIA.

It is said that the Powers will not make a casus
belli of the Russian invasion of the Principalities.
Riots have taken place at Adrianople, and also
in some places in the vicinity of the capital. Some
of the Christian population have been molested,
and the authorities were compelled to take ener-
getic measures for their protection.
Ali Pasha has been recalled from the Govern-
ment of Smyrna. Ismail Pasha is his successor.
The Austrian Internuncio demands the extra-
dition of all the Austrian refugees in Turkey.
The Porte has effected a loan of 45,000,000. An
other loan of 50,000,000 is in course of negotiation.
The Debats says :

"We have received letters from Constantinople via
Trieste to the 27th ult. Although the Porte continued
its preparations for war with all the activity which the
crippled state of her finances allowed, more confidence
than ever was felt in the Turkish capital in the maintenance
of peace ; many even thought they knew on what bases
the foreign diplomatists were working in order to re-esta-
blish the former relations between the Divan and the Cabi-
net of St. Petersburgh. The frequent conferences which
have been held by the representatives of the four great
powers, the accord which has prevailed in all their acts,
inspired the political world with a feeling of security,
which was still further strengthened by the arrival of M.
de Bruck. From the moment of his arrival he was seen
not only to unite his efforts to those of his colleagues,
but to himself eagerly seek for a pacific means of solving
the existing differences. Hence the reports which have
been in circulation of a mediation to be offered by Aus-
tria, and which would he accepted by Russia, for it was,
it is said, solicited by an autograph letter from the Em-
peror Nicholas to the Emperor of Austria. At Con-
stantinople it was affirmed as certain that the representa-
tives of the four powers in whose hands Turkey had
placed her interests were almost agreed on the form to
be given to that mediation. A note deliberated on by the
great powers, and drawn up in such a manner as to save
the dignity of each, will, it is said, be communicated
non-officially by Austria to Russia, and, after having ob-
tained its assent, the Cabinet of Vienna would officially
interpose to request the Russian Government to receive
at St. Petersburgh an extraordinary ambassador from
the Sultan charged to deliver the note agreed upon, and
to resume diplomatic relations. The wording of this
note had not, however, been decided on, although it had
been the subject of discussion in several meetings of the
English, French, Austrian, and Prussian ambassadors.
This is what was doing and what was talked of at Con-
stantinople at the date of the last accounts, and if it be
connected with what was said by Lord Palmerston in
the sitting of the Bth inst., we can only feel fresh con-
viction that the peace of the world is in no very serious
danger."

The Augsburgh Gazette of the 10th contains an
article dated Vienna, and entitled—" An Austrian
View of the Russian Manifesto." In this article
we read :

"The manifesto of the Emperor Nicholas gives a cha-
racter to the occupation of the principalities which we
cannot help deploring. In a word, a crusade in favour
of the Greek Church is put forward in perspective, and
a crusade for which no reason can be given, inasmuch
as within the latter times no oppression or vexation of
Greek subjects by the Ottoman Porte has taken place,
and at this moment it would be impossible to say to
what such a crusade may extend, for the protectorship
which Russia demands has an incalculable bearing.
Thus Russia, in considering the affair in this point
of view, has isolated herself, and though the Powers
are animated with the strongest desire to march in con-
junction with her, she has made it impossible for them
to follow her in the direction she has designated. We
do not, in saying this, disregard the moderation with
which the entrance of the troops is announced, and the
prudence with which only a general guarantee is de-
manded from the Ottoman Porte ; and we have the firm
conviction that the two Great Powers of the West will
display the same circumspection ; that they will take no
step which will further complicate the existing state of
things, and morally force Russia to go further. Europe
will be deeply grateful to France and England if the
statesmen who govern them carefully avoid making com-
plaints—which are perhaps well-founded—of violations
of treaties ; and in that case the Ottoman Porte, accord-
ing to all probabilities, will not consider the simple Rus-
sian occupation of Moldavia and Wallachia as a viola-
tion of territory, nor as a declaration of war, as desired
by the Journal de Constantinople. Nevertheless, the
important religious movement which the Russian mani-
festo displays, makes it necessary for the other powers
not to encourage such demands as those of Russia."
A letter from Scutari of the 29th ult., in the
Journal de Francfort, says that the establishment
of the conscription in Montenegro has attracted the
attention of the Turkish authorities, and that they
have sent cannon and troops to the frontier.
A telegraphic dispatch from Vienna states that
the affair of Costa has been arranged. Full and
entire satisfaction has been given. Ali Pacha, the
governor of Smyrna, has been dismissed. Very
severe measures will be taken against the refugees.
The Pope has granted a diminution of one-tenth
of the duty on all cottons, iron, manufactured wood,
glass, wine, beer, and salt meat or fish, that may
be brought for sale to the fair of Sinigaglia, which
commences this month.

A letter from Trieste of the 3d says :—" Some

ime back the Trieste Gazette demonstrated that

he establishment of a submarine telegraph from
Corfu to the coast of Albania, opposite, would shor-
ten by 40 hours the transmission of news from
India and the Levant. At present we learn that
an English company has taken the necessary steps
for realising this enterprise."
The following is from the Times Paris correspond-
ent's letter, dated yesterday, 6 p.m. :—" Private
letters from Constantinople of the 30th ult., men-
tion that the recent events at Smyrna rendered the
dismissal of Ali Pasha absolutely necessary, he
being considered to have seriously committed him-
self : and his disgrace is, as already noticed, in con-
sequence of the demands of M. de Bruck. On that
occasion the Government sent to Smyrna on board
the steamer Medjidi, which has been placed at their
other disposal, Ismael Pasha and Chekib Effendi, the
former as the successor of Ali
Pasha, the h
rat
Commissioner Extraordinary.
It was considered,_
however, at Constantinople that, in order to be per-
fectly
impartial, the Austrian Government should
remove its own Consul-General. The Consul of
the United States at Smyrna had taken up the
cause of M. Kossta, the Hungarian, who has
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of sending him to the United States. To that
untoward affair M. de Bruck has added an
a
embarrassment
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and demanding the complete execution of the
Leiningen treaty in what relates to the refugees—
that is, of
that is, sending them to Asia. The conduct of
M. de Bruck had given great discontent at Con-
stantinople, and, contrary to what had been ex-
pected of him, he appeared to seek every pretext
to detach himself from Turkey. The Porte hav-
ing incurred heavy expense in its armaments
and preparations for defence had effected a loan of
45,000,000 of piastres (400,0001.) with the found-
ers of the Oriental Bank, and an instalment of
8,000,000 has been paid. It was believed that

another loan of 50,000,000 was about to be nego-
tiated with European bankers. The arrival of the
steamer from Galatz was awaited with much anxiety,
as she was expected to bring the news whether the
invasion of the Principalities had really taken place
sr itot.

" Another letter of the same date states that the
Turks appeared to regard the invasion of the Danu-
bian provinces in a different light from the European
diplomatists. They could not be persuaded that the
taking forcible possession of a portion of the Ottoman
territory, in spite of existing treaties, was not a real
declaration of war. They ask, what will the European
Powers recommend them to do in case the Russians
cross the Danube? In fact, they have some appre-
hensions of being sooner or later abandoned to the
mercy of their enemies. This letter alludes to a ru-
mour, of which the other just quoted takes no no-
tice, namely, that serious disturbances had broken
out at Adrianople, and in some districts of the
province of Ismidt, near Constantinople. It was
also reported that the Christian population had been
insulted at Kubanssal, Adabaz, and Arast, and that
the authorities had adopted energetic measures to
keep down any fanatical movement of the Turks.
The news of the arrival of Lord Carlisle at Con-
stantinople, announced a few days ago in one of
my letters, is confirmed. The Austrian Internun-
cio had presented a note to the Porte, demanding
the extradition or expulsion of all the refugees,
Austrian subjects, in Turkey."

Letters from 'Vienna, dated July 10, state,
" That some difference of opinion has arisen be-
tween the Austrian Government and that of
Russia. It was credibly related on the 9th that
Count Buol had forwarded a note to St. Peters-
burg, to the effect that the occupation of the Prin-
cipalities would make it infinitely more difficult to
accommodate matters. In a word, the Austrian
Cabinet has a presentiment that its bons offices will
be of less avail than was expected. The movement
of the two regiments towards Semlin will take place
on the 14th and 15th, and it was on the 9th said
that a camp was to be formed near Kloster-Neuburg,
not far from this city. The person who gave the
information added, Austria's contingent to the
Federal Army will be concentrated, and probably
reviewed by the Prince of Prussia, who has the in-
spection of the Bund's troops this year.' Whether
this is true, or merely a pretext for collecting an
army-corps, we have no means of knowing, but it
is evident that the last manifesto has somewhat
startled this Cabinet."
Ninety-five thousand men are to be concentrated
in Shumla. A correspondent of the Triest Zeitung
ridicules the report of Kossuth being at Constanti-
nople, and of Lord Stratford's receiving the refu-
gees. " The British Ambassador has not taste for
such guests." The Russian Manifesto has much weak-
ened the Emperor's influence at Constantinople. In
case of need the steamers can tow up the whole fleet
to the Turkish capital in 29 hours. A mobile corps
is to be formed of the Circassians residing in Turkey,
and placed at the disposal of Schamyl, " who is
preparing for a campaign ala Oengis Chan." A
corps of observation of about 15,000 men, under
Selim Pasha, would be stationed near Batoum, and
should a war break out it could enter. Circassia
within 10 hours. Another piece of news of import-
ance is, that two English steamers are busily em-
ployed in tugging the ships laden with corn out of
the Sulina. The Presse has news of the 28th, from
Scutari, that Omer Pasha was in expectation
of orders from Constantinople to cross the Danube
at Nicopolis, Widdin, and Drahova. The corre-
spondent of the Wanderer writes "It is said that
Austria has succeeded in persuading Prince Daniel
of Montenegro to demand his investiture at the
hands of the Porte." This is extremely impro-
bable. The Sultan has sent all the plate which he
inherited from his mother to the mint. It was
valued at 40,000,000 piastres. The precious metals
which are just now so plentiful in Constantinople
come from the coffers of the Vakouf-Cadmi, or re-
ceiver of the revenues of the mosques.