The Sun.
London, England, 1853-11-22 00:00:00

tempt to disturb his movements. The alarm which had I
been inspired in the minds of the Turks by the bold
conduct of our troops was so great, that we were able to
erect a temporary hospital for the wounded, close to the
quarantine building protected by merely a picquet of
cavalry, for the Turks did nut attempt to disturb them."
From Constantinople we learn that the celebrated
Fouad Effendi, of Mentschikoff notoriety, has just
come into office again. He has been named
" Director of the Chancery of Political kfairs of
the Army of Rumelia." Fouaci. Effendi/ ex-Minister
for Foreign Affairs, is a distinguished individual,
high in the esteem and confidence of the peoplef
but, unfortunately, at variance with most of the
leading members of the Ministry. Next to the
Seraskier, he is one of the most prominent parti-
sans of war, and as long as he is with Omer Pacha,
hard blows will be exchanged with Russia. The
instructions given to Fouad Effendi are to draw up
a new constitution for the Principalities, and re-
lease the divans of the Princes from the thraldom
of Moscovite influence. New elections are to take
place, and liberal institutions will be granted to
Wallachia and Moldavia. By these meams it is
anticipated that the inhabitants of the Principali-
ties will be induced to join the Turks, and take
up arms against Russia. Fouad Effendi will have
under his orders a numerous personnel of scribes.
The English and French commanders of the di-
visions were invited on the sth to a council on
board of the admiral's ship Mahmoudie, for the
purpose of taking into consideration the practica-
bility of a naval demonstration in the Black Sea.
It is generally supposed it was decided that for six
weeks at least the navigation would not be attended
with danger, if good and trusty pilots were engaged.
A report to this effect was presented to the Sultan
and waits his iracle.

Despatches from the Commander-in-Chief bear
the date of the 27th ult. The Turkish troops had
crossed the Georgian frontier, and had marched to
besiege the strong hold of Ahiska, occupied by
12,000 Russians.

Ten thousand Egyptian troops were expected to
arrive from Alexandria in the course of the month.

The courier system had been newly organised,
so that, to date from the 9th inst., despatches from
both armies will arrive daily in Constantinople.
Russian merchants had been called to the port-
captain's office, and officially informed that vessels
under the Russian flag would be permitted to enter
the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles up to the 20th
November ; beyond that period they would be de-
tained as prizes.
Tho 1,200 muskets taken from the Russians at
Shewkehl have been sent to Shumla. They are
quite new, and of Liege manufacture.

A Berlin letter of the 18th, in the Cologne
Gazette, says :—" A St. Petersburg letter states
that the Czar is suffering from illness. M. de
Mensdorff, the Austrian ambassador at St. Peters-
burg, has, it is said, given in his resignation, be-
cause he is far from approving of the policy of the
Emperor Nicholas. We aro assured also that the
intimate ally spoken of by the Russian manifesto is
far from congratulating himself on the friendly
sentiments exchanged at Olmutz and Warsaw."
A letter from Constantinople, of the 7th, states
that the nomination of Fouad Effendi as Imperial
Commissioner to the army of the Danube had pro-
duced a strong, but not an unpleasant, impression.
This may be referred to two causes principally :
first, Fouad Effendi was the Minister of Foreign
Affairs whose dismissal Prince Menschikoff on his
first visit to Constantinople insisted upon with such
brutal arrogance ; and his being now charged with
the important duty of maintaining the connection
between the operations of the army and the
policy of the Porte, proved that the Sultan
was determined not to abandon the line of policy
lie has adopted • and secondly, Fouad Effendi
being the old and intimate friend of Omer Pasha,
it was not considered as probable that any
misunderstanding would arise between them. The
appointment of General Baraguay d'Hilliers as the
successor of M. de la Cour was not known at Con-
stantinople at the date of the letter. The rumour
very generally prevailed of a new project for the
settlement of the quarrel with Russia. The Aus-
trian Ambassador had received on the morning of
the 7th despatches by an extraordinary courier,
which were believed to be of considerable import-
ance. Immediately after M. de Bruck sent his
first dragoman to Redschid Pasha, with whom he
was to have a conference in the course of the day.
No military operation of any importance had taken
place in Asia since the affair of Shefkatil. It was
merely known as a fact that the troops who had
passed the frontier maintained their position. Two
new general officers have been attached to the
Generals-in-Chief of the armies of Asia, to take
their place in case of necessity • they are Sadallah
Pasha and Sirri Pasha, both IVluchirs, or Major-
Generals. A steamer from Trebizond on the 6th
brought three pieces of cannon and 80 or 90 pri-
soners captured at the affair of the fort of Shefkatil,
St. Nicholas. A service of extraordinary couriers
had been organised by order of the Government, in
order to secure a daily departure and arrival between
Constantinople and the armies of the Danube and
Asia. The operations of the latter army were
pushed on with great activity. The Turkish
Government had sent to the Black Sea a naval divi-
sion, consisting of two frigates, two corvettes, and a
brig, in order to protect the coast against a coup de
main on the part of the Russians. The combined fleets,
the writer adds,have decidedly received orders to ad-
vance to Constantinople and join the two divisions at
anchor there for some days. The announcement in
the semi-official journal of the adjudication for the
supplies of the French fleet, which states that the
contractor had engaged from the sea of Marmora to
Odessa, produced considerable sensation at Constan-
tinople ; and it was considered as, in some sort, a
contradiction to the assurance that the fleets would
not enter the Black Sea. In virtue of orders ema-
nating from the Turkish Government, the authori-
ties of the provinces were to cease all relations with
the Consuls and Vice-Consuls accredited to the
place where the former reside ; and the navigation
was to be interdicted to Russian mercantile ships
at the end of 15 days from the sth inst. On the
other hand, Omer Pasha has cut off all communica-
tion on that part of the Danube occupied by his
army, and no vessel can pass without his permission.
A letter of the same date appears very pacific in
its tone. It states that there still exists among
political persons a very confident hope that affairs
will be arranged without recourse being had to
further hostilities. The writer adds, that the Am-
bassadors declined to accede to the request of the
Porte to send the fleets to the Black Sea, and not
only that, but they counselled the Divan against
sending the Turkish fleet, and moreover that the
real secret of Fouad Effendi's mission was for the
purpose of restraining the military ardour of Omer
Pasha.

It is stated that the Russian Consul-General at
Alexandria has received orders to quit the country.
Hitherto the Russian agents in Egypt have re-
mained at their posts, but the energetic manner in
which Abbas Pasha has taken part with the Sultan
has been regarded by the Cabinet of St. Petersburg
as a complete rupture.
A gentleman, who has just returned to Paris
from the Danubian provinces, speaks of the Russian
army of occupation by no means flatteringly. If
the entire army be like what he has seen he thinks
there is not the slightest reason for alarm at the
numerous hordes the Czar is said to have under
arms. The regiments he saw were, with one ex-
ception (he had not seen the Guards), of the most
wretched kind—most of them young lads, sickly-
looking, haggard, feeble, badly clad, and badly fed.
" They may stand to be killed," he says„ " but it
is astonishing to me how they can kill any one."
The numbers the Emperor of Russia can draw
upon are to be sure, almost unlimited, and in a
service where neither the comfort of the men is
cared for nor the slightest value set on their lives,
there are always thousands upon thousands dragged
to supply the places of those who perish by the neglect
of their officers and the rapacity of their commis-
sariat, who have more regard for brute beasts that
for human beings. The corps of Cossacks, aro
according to the same authority, principally com-
posed of young men about 16 or 17, whom the
hope of plunder animates. Otherwise the soldiers
rob in all directions ; and the gentleman I refer
to states an instance of a sergeant-major who
was flogged by order of his commanding
officer, not precisely because he robbed, but be-
cause he robbed beyond what was permitted to his
rank in the army. The condition of the Wallachian
peasant he describes as most deplorable, plundered
as they are by Boyards as well as Russians. A
party of three or four Frenchmen happened, a short
time ago, to make an excursion for the purpose of
examining timber for the Government. As they
approached a village they were surprised to find
nearly the whole of the inhabitants running off as
fast as they could to the woods, and apparently in
the greatest terror. One of the visitors galloped
after them, and holding up a purse full of money
in his hand cried out that he was to pay for any-
thing he wanted. After some parleying they con-
sented to return and supply the travellers with re-
freshment, and were amazed when they received
payment. In a word, the condition of the unfortu-
nate inhabitants of the Principalities, exposed as
they are to the tender mercies of a soldiery and do-
mestic oppression, is melancholy beyond descrip-
tion.

At Vienna the following is the latest news
from the seat of war :—The Turks still occupy
the island opposite Oltenitza, and are fully
prepared with their 40 heavy guns to receive
the Russians should they attempt to cross the
river as they seem inclined to ilo. Tt the
same case at Giurgevo. However, if the river
continues to rise, the Turks will bo forced to

retire to the right bank. General Fishback is
certainly at Krajova ; General Werbenburg com-
mands at Slatina. The Turks are not more than.
10 English miles to the north of Kalafat, where
the Polish language is much employed by the
officers. The Turks pay for everything at Kalafat,
but some little mistakes as to the mcum and tuurn
are undo in the neighbourhood. Between the 9th
and 14th there was no battle of consequence along
the whole line. The foregoing news deserves all
confidence.

FRANCE.
•
In
Paris it is considered certain that for some
monthe to come there will be a truce, de facto
between Russia and Turkey. The season is far
advanced, the weather has broken up, and as not
only the Danube, but the impassable marshes which
bound that stream on both banks, and especially
on the Wallachian side, separate the belligerent
forces, it is not likely that either of them will ven-
ture to face such difficulties in order to reach their
adversaries. But, besides the weather and the na-
ture of the country, there are °the).- reasons.which
lead to the suppose ion that there wile be a de facto
suspension of hostilities until the spring. It is welt
known that Russia is quite satisfied with the result
of her campaign ; by it she has obtained possession
of two of the finest provinces in Europe ; and all
she wants for the present is to be allowed to con-
solidate herself in possessions which she hopes will
be hers iu permanence. She will therefore certa.inlf
not attempt to cross the Danube for the present.
Then, as regards the Turks, it is,iknown that the
intention of Omer Pacha is not to attempt any fur-
ther offensive measures for the present. There
is a possibility of an attack by the Russians upon
Kalafat, which is on the left bank of the Danube ;
but as that place is within range of the guns of
the fortress of Widdin, it is not possible that Gene-
ral Dannenberg win venture to attack a place which
could only be taken after a regular siege. In the
meantime the Turkish Government has given orders
that Kalafat and the tee-du-pont shall be fortified
as completely as possible.
In diplomatic circles the
,state of affairs is consi-
dered by no means promisilng. Among those
whose opinions on such a subject t are worth having,
a war, in which England and Ounce will take a
prominent and active part, is cok•sidered as next
to inevitable. The only chance than
seems left for
an arrangement is by means of a c,
onference, in
which not only the four Powers, but _Russia and
, Turkey also, will take a part. There is still a re-
mote hope that by means of this conference of the
six nations the dreadful alternative of a Eu.ropean
war may be avoided ; but the hope that anv such
proceeding will ever be agreed to is a very icceble
one, for in the disposition shown by Russia ever
since the commencement of the affair, and by
Turkey since the actual commencement of host ili-
ties, it is not probable that any terms can be pr 0-
pounded which will be acceptable to both parties.
It is said that the object of Count de Walewski'g
visit to the Emperor had reference to the Eastern
question, and that since he has been at Fontaine-
bleaue he has received a communication of the plans
proposed by the French Government—plans which
have for their object the vigorous and joint action
of the two fleets in the Black Sea. It is not im-
probable that the first operations of the two fleets
will be, not with a view to co-operating with Omer
Pacha to drive the Russians out of the Danubian
Principalities, but on the Asiatic coast, where Rus-
sia is much more vulnerable, and where the Otto-
man Government has determined to make a vigo-
rous effort. It is believed that the Count de
Walewski will leave Fontainebleau for Englaud in
a few days, prepared to state the views of the
French Government, and to settle with the English
Government how they are to be carried out.
On Sunday afternoon the Emperor and Empross
honoured with their presence a carousel given by
the 6th Regiment of Hussars in the grand avenue,
of the park of Fontainebleau. Among the persons
who occupied reserved places near their Majesties
were Prince Napoleon, the Princess Mathilde, the
Dowager Grand Duchess of .Baden, the Prince and
Princess Murat, the Prince and Princess de Chi-
may, the Count of Loa wenhielm, Minister of Swe-
den ; M. de Kisseleff, Minister of Russia ; the
Ministers of Brazil, Bolivia, and Chili ,• Count
Walewski, the French Ambassador to the Court of
Loudon, and the Countess Walewski • the Count
and Countess Clary, Count Frederick de Lagrange,
the Marquis de la Roche-Lambert, M. Horace
Vernet, M. Gudin, and the Duke de Lesparre.
The Emperor has given 15,000 fr. to the mayor
of Fontainebleau, to aid the municipality of that
town in reducing the price of bread in favour of
the necessitous casses.
Some journals of the departments state that the,
Emperor has taken upon himself the entire cost of
monument to be erected at Fontainebleau in
honour of Napoleon 1., and has desired that the
sums subscribed in the departments towards the
monument shall be returned as soon as possible tO
the subscribers.

His Imperial Highness Prince Jerome has pur-
chased a piece of ground on the site called Le
Perrey, at Havre, for the purpose of erecting a
residence on it, his intention being to visit Havre
every year.
It was reported in Paris on M.onday that the
Chateau of Frohsdorff, the residence Of the Comte
de Chambord, near Vienna, has been do:
troyed by
fire. The ex-Royal Family of France, it .is said,
have escaped unhurt.
The Government has now under consideration
(says the Siècle) the draft of a decree for organikling
a bank in French Guyana. It is also preparing a
decree for authorising the department of the Vienne
to contract a loan of 778,000 fr., reimbursable in 20
years and by annuities of 57,245 fr. 24c., including
interest and the sinking fund of the capital. The
same journal states that it is in contemplation to
apply the law of January 22, 1851, on judicial as-
sistance to the colonies of Martinique, Guadaloupep
and La Reunion. According to the terms of this
project, the admission of judicial assistance
before the different courts will be pronounced
by a bureau composed of five members ap-
pointed by the Director of the interior and
the Procureur-General. A certificate of not being
able to carry on judicial proceedings in consequence
of indigence must accompany any application for
judicial assistance.
M. Rocher, one of the persons recently arrested
at Nantes, and subsequently brought in custody
to Paris, has been set at liberty.
A despatch from General de Mac-Mahon to the
Governor-General of Algeria, dated Milah the 11th,
states that the procedings against the Beni-Iders
had been completely successful, and he had leftthe
whole of the population in that part of Algeria in
the most perfect state of submission.
Yesterday the Cour de Cassation met in full
session, and gave judgment in the proces of the
" correspondence." It has affirmed the right of
the police to open letters at the post-office. As
this is the judgment of the united court, there is
no further appeal.
A transatlantic service of steam packets is about
to commence between Marseilles and the Brazilt
The screw-steamer Avenir, of 1,000 tons, will.
commence running between Marseilles and Rio
Janeiro on the 25th inst., touching at Barcelona,
Malaga, Lisbon, Teneriffe, Pernambuco, and
Bahia.
The six prisoners who were acquitted, in the
plot against the Emperor's life at the Opera'
Comique, have not been set at liberty. They are
now to be brought before the Correctional Police
on a charge of being connected with secret so-
cieties.
On Saturday seditious placards were discovered,
posted up on the quays and in different parts
Orleans, addressed to the citizens, workmen, an
socialists of that place. They were couched in veil
declamatory language, and made an appeal tio
arms and insurrection, on the plea of want of work
and the dearness of bread. A man named Morin
was arrested as the author, and on his examinatieLl
he declared that the surveillance of the police to
which he was subjected was so intolerable that be
wished to be transported to Cayenne. A man .rho
opposed the placards being torn down was also ar.
rested and sent to prison.
•
The speculators arrived at the Bourse to-day wit
the conviction that the campaign between the Rue"
sians and Turks is concluded for the winter.
Under this impression they commenced their opera;
tions, and the Three per Cents., which opened,
73f. 80c., rose to 74f. 15c. ; they closed at 741 r".
ner
for the end of the month. The Four-and-a-Sail r„0
Cents. closed at 99f. 70c.; Orleans Railway 5h,.."11.1
1,162 f. 50c. ; Rouen, 1,040 f. • Havre, 4901. 2' ur.
Northern, 860 f. ; Paris and 'Strasburg, 8171...,6vcaif
Paris and Lyons, 9051. ; Lyons to the otgor,
terranean, 735 f. ; estern of France, 695 - ;
deaux and Cette, 587 f. 50c. ; Great Central,
75c. ; Lyons to Geneva, 5001. ; Shares of the j"'"
of Credit of Mobilier, 698 f. 75c.

ITALY. of
The following were the votes on the occasion _
the election of the President of the Piedl3lollteSe
Chamber of Deputies in the sitting of the 16th :;
Number of voters, 104 , absolute mai'DritYLTldi-.
Chevalier Boncompagni,• the Government ca
0
date, and late Minister of Justice, 56 • 31. Sinen ':
16 ; Galvagno, 10 ;De Foresta, ri
elli°'
ec 0 ;
7 ;
Brofferio (the chief of the Radical PartY). 'ai
Mameli, 2 ; Cadorna, 2 ; Benso, 1 • Bens°ter
Cavour, 1 ; de Pretis, 1 ; Lanza, 1. T' he latter
was subsequently elected Vice-President. misheo
The Piedinontese Gazette of the 19th, pu--, the
a long series of regulations for the execution ot
on,
new financial law of Piedmont. The taxes 111
toned are ;—the land-tax, the penonal 4„.
or or—