The Sun.
London, England, 1854-07-06 00:00:00

ARCH./EOLOGICAL INSTITUTE.

VISIT OF PRINCE ALBERT TO CAMBRIDGE.
CAMBRIDGE, WEDNESDAY.—AII Cambridge was abroad
this morning, owing to the expectation of the arrival
of the Prince Chancellor,- who -reached the Cambridge
station, by a special train, about half-past 11 o'clock.
vHaitse Rcoayrrailageof
Highnessth ewasvitm:Ct
haat`i.ltcheellost:tcioonntabiyning
the
that
dignitary and the Rev. Professor Sedgwick ; the Rev.
the Master of Trinity College and the Provost of the
King's were also present. Upon leaving the station,
the carriages proceeded at a rapid pace to Trinity-hall
Lodge, where his Royal Higness robed, and proceeded
to the Senate-house, by Senate-house-passage, amid the
huzzas of the spectators. The occasion of the Prince's
visit was the meeting of the Archaeological Institute,
which, under the presidency of Lord Talbot de Mala-
hide, is now in session at Cambridge. The proceedings
of the society commenced on the previous evening, at the
Town-hall, when a complimentary address was pre-
sented by the corporation, and speeches were made and
papers read. This morning the museum of the insti-
tute was opened at ten, and was much frequented dur-
ing the day. A large collection of carved figures in ivory,
most of them more than five centuries old, were exhi-
bited by Aug. W. Franks and A. Nisbett, Esqrs. ; they
are principally Scriptural designs—The Crucixion,
St. John the Baptist, our Lord and Saviour, St. John
the Apostle, the Woman taken in Adultery, &c. The
mirror cases and tablets attracted much notice, as did
the old-fashioned gold and silver tankards and cups. A
subject of great interest was the warrior's boot, from
Bromham-hall, near Bedford, which formerly belonged
to Sir Lewis Dyre, a royalist, and was sold to the Tre-
vor family in 1717, and bequeathed by Lord Hampden
to the present Lord Dynevor, in 1824. It has a curious
wrought spur behind, and a spike in front, connected by
a chain on each side. A variety of old rings, all sizes,
were amongst the collection, and crosses of lead, and
many singular badges. In one corner was Oliver Crom-
well's hat, the property of Constable and Son, very simi-
lar to our present wide-awakes, only that it has a coni-
cal top. The parchment charter-book of the corpora-
tion of Cambridge, which appears to have been
commenced in the fourteenth century, and is still in ex-
cellent preservation, was also shown. There were also
beads and cornelians from West Stowe, and an Anglo-
Saxon sword from Stowe-heath ; also some .Anglo-Saxon
fibulae and some Anglo-Saxon beads found near St.
Mary's Churchyard, urns taken from Saxon graves in
West Stowe, a long and very rusty Danish sword found
in the river at Norwich, a statue of Albinus, Emperor
of Britain, A.D. 197, found in the Thames, and many
other objects equally curious.
A few minutes before 12 the Prince-Chancellor en-
tered, marshalled in by the Esquire Bedells, and
attended by the Vice-Chancellor, the President of the
Institute, the Rev. the Master of Trinity College, Pro-
fessor Sedgwick, and one or two other eminent mem-
bers of the University.
The PRESIDENT (addressing his Royal Highness) ex-
plained to him that the learned Master of Caius College
(Dr. Guest) was celebrated for the attention he has be-
stowed, and the light his researches had thrown on the
remains of the Romans and Saxons in this country. He
was sure that the learning and the archaeological lore
with which the learned master would illustrate and em-
bellish his subject would make it most attractive to all
who had the pleasure of hearing him.
Dr. GUEST then proposed to lay down a theory which
he had formed about the " Great Boundary Dykes of
Cambridgeshire "—namely, that they were the work of
the Belgic tribe, who invaded this part of the country,
and got possession of it after landing upon the coast of
Kent, and made a century and a half before the invasion
of the Romans, and for the purpose of dividing the dis-
trict in which they were discovered.
When the doctor had finished his arguments.
The PRESIDENT proposed a vote of thanks to him, and
seized the occasion to express the gratification which
they all felt at the:visit of his Royal Highness, whose
noble influence, be said, was felt in the advancement of
the fine and industrial arts, and all that tended to raise
the position of the people f the country.
The vote was carried by acclamation, and the Presi-
dent then resigned his place to Dr. Whewell, the chair-
man of the architectural section, who then declared the
same to be open, and called upon Professor Willis to
read a paper "On the Buildings of the University."
When this paper had been read, another vote of
thanks was proposed by the Master of Trinity, who also
addressed Prince Albert, and welcomed him amongst
them.

This concluded the formal proceedings in the Senate.
house, and the Prince, rising, crossed to Professor
Willis, cordially shook him by the hand, and remained
some few minutes in conversation with him and the
Very Rev, the Dean of St. Paul's. His Royal High-
ness then retired, and honoured the Vice-Chancellor
and Mrs. Geldart of Trinity Hall with his presence at
luncheon, after which the Prince, accompanied by Pro-
fessor Willis, visited the unique chapel of Jesus College
(lately restored), and paid a visit likewise to the museum
of the Institute. His Royal Highness finally left for
London about 4 o'clock.

THE AUSTRIAN AND PRUSSIA N
TREATY.

The following is a translation of the additional article
to the treaty between Austria and Prussia, dated April
20, 1854 :

" According to the conditions of Article 11. of the treaty
concluded this day between his Imperial Majesty the Em-
poror of Austria and his Majesty the King of Prussia for
the establishment of an offensive and defensive alliance, a
more intimate understanding with respect to the eventua-
lity when an active advance of one of the high contracting
parties may impose on the other the obligation of a mutual
protection of the territory o f both, was to form the subject
of a special agreement to be considered as an integral part
of the treaty.
"Their Majesties have not been able to divest them-
selves of the consideration that the indefinite continuance
of the occupation of the territories on the Lower Danube,
under the sovereignty of the Ottoman Porte, by Imperial
Russian troops, would endanger the political, moral, and
material interests of the whole German Confederation, an
also of their own States, and the more so in proportion as
Russia extends her warlike operations on Turkish ter-
ritory. _

" the Courts of Austria and Prussia are united in the do
sire to avoid every participation in the war which has
broken out between Russia on the one hand, and Turkey,
France, and Great Britain on the other, and at the same
time to contribute to the restoration of general peace. They
more especially consider the declarations lately made at
Berlin by the Court of St. Petersburg to be an important
element of pacification, the failure of the practical in-
fluence of which they would view with regret. According
to these declarations, Russia appears to regard the original
motive for the occupation of the Principalities as removed
by the concessions now granted to the Christian subjects
of the Porte, which offer the prospect of realization. They
therefore hope that the replies awaited from the Cabinet
of Russia to the Prussian propositions transmitted on the
Bth will offer to them the necessary guarantee for an early
withdrawal of the Russian troops. In the event that this
hope should be illusory, the Plenipotentiaries named, on
the part of his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, Freiherr
Baron von Hess and Count Thun, and on the part of his
Majesty the King of Prussia, Baron Manteuffell, have
drawn up the following more detailed agreement with re-
spect to the eventuality alluded to in the above-mentioned
Article 11. of the Treaty of Alliance of this day :
" SINGLE ARTICLE.
_

" The Imperial Austrian Government will also, on their
side, address a communication to the Imperial Russian
Court, with the object of obtaining from the Emperor of
Russia the necessary orders that an immediate stop should
be put to the further advance of his armies upon the Tur-
kish territory, as also to request of his Imperial Majesty
sufficient guarantees for the prompt evacuation of the
Danubian Principalities ; and the Prussian Government
will again, in the most emphatic manner, support these
communications with reference to their proposals already
sent to St. Petersburg. Should the answer of the
Russian Court to these steps of the Cabinets of Vienna
and Berlin—contrary to expectation—not be of a
nature to give them entire satisfaction upon the two
points aforementioned, the measures to be taken by one
of the contracting parties for their attainment, accord-
ing to the terms of Article IL of the Offensive and Defen-
encorpeoraadtvi oann advance
ef
Defen-
sive Alliance signed on this day, will be on the understand..
ing that every hostile attack on the territory of one of the
itsh set ippruilnacitepd a
ifiotr i
687 1 y
or
contracting parties is to be repelled with all the military
forces at the disposal of the other.
4LB
in the event of ane attack on or r passage of the Balkan by
Russia.
ineuetv a
en mutual
The present convention shall be submitted
offi
nßiv
rati-
fication of the high Sovereigns for the
simultaneously with the
abovementioned treaty.
"Done at Berlin, the 20th of April, 1854.

" HESS.
" TRIM
" MAraztrorn.'

BANKING RETURNS.

The returns of circulation of the Irish and Scotch
banks for the four weeks ending the 10th of June,
1854, when added together, give the following as the
average weekly circulation of these banks during the
past month, viz. :

Average circulation of the Irish banks . £6,180,288
Average circulation of the Scotch banks 4,319,098

Average circulation during the past month £10,499,386
On comparing the above with the fixed issues of the
several banks, as given in the Banking Almanac, the
following appears to be the state of the circulation :
The Irish banks are below their fixed issue... £174,206
The Scotch banks are above their fixed issue 1,231,889

Total above fixed issue £1,057,683
The amounts of gold and silver held at the head offices
of the several banks during the past month have been
as follows :
Gold and silver held by the Irish banks Z 1,927,752
Gold and silver held by the Scotch banks.• 1,634,440

Total of gold and silver held £3,562,192
These returns, combined with the average circulation
of the Bank of England for the same period, !how a
Idaenc(ri aasnedo f 1 7 a
d,
eclr2e,sas6e3o/f. h1,76e
circulation
6,3061. in t
cnior
et eus in E
l at
onn of
the United Kingdom, when compared with the month
ending the 13th of May ; and, as compared with the
month ending the 11th of June, 1853, the above re-
turns show a decrease of 2,449,6891. in the circulation
of notes in England, and a decrease of 1,342,6961. in the
circulation
Id by the Bank of
England in both departments du
previous month,
The
average f thucomparedUnited
IwithKingdom.
with the
the month ending
t2hhsese
mao
nd
tehc,reaansde
4'3,875/. when compared with the same
y.fknfeagajssor'f:the month ending the 10th of June
specie held by the Scotch and Irish
ban
paothei
decrease
hreliek:cslde3roe,
16a
stdsahltsueoltrolcoi
was 3,562,1921., being an increase of 70,4701. as
compared with the previous return, and an increase of
887,0281.
When compared with the corresponding period
last year.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF COMMONS-(YESTERDAY.)
REAL ESTATES CHARGES BILL.

This bill was passed through committee.
CHURCH TEMPORALITIES, &c., IRELAND.
The adjourned debate on the Church Temporalities,
&c., Ireland, was then resumed by
Sir J. YOUNG, who regretted that this subject had
again been brought into the Parliamentary arena after so
many concessions had been made upon it is the past.
The hon. and learned gentleman, disregarding the feel-
ings of the vast majority of the people in favour of the
Established Church, was anxious to bring in a bill which
would make a sweeping alteration in the position occu-
pied by the Irish clergy ; but he was quite confident the
house would not countenance the attempt. But sup.
posing the house gave permission to bring in the bill,
the plan that it embodied would be found impracticable,
and he would therefore suggest to the hon. and learned
gentleman whether he had not better withdraw his
motion.
Mr. J. O'CONNELL said that Irishmen would not
submit to finality upon a measure like this, nor would
they submit to the injustice of an Established Church.
He could not vote for this motion, because he was a
thorough voluntary, and would not vote a single
farthing for the support by the state of any church,
not even the one to which he belonged. What he
wanted was a total abolition of the connection between
Church and State, and he would never submit to any
modification or compromise on that question.
Mr. NAPIER could not regard this question as one
of figures in finance, but he must view it as one of
principle. He wished the Church in Ireland to
be placed upon precisely the same footing as the
Church of England, teaching the religion which the
State believes to be true. Still, if there were those who
wished to argue this as a question, they should endea-
vour to be accurate, which neither the speech of the
hon. and learned serjeant (Mr. Sergeant Shee) who had
made this motion, nor the pamphlet which he bad pub-
lished on the subject was. The right honourable and
learned gentleman then proceeded at great length to ex-
pose the errors and inconsistencies of the statements of
Mr. Sergeant Shee, who, however, by the facilities he
had exhibited in arriving at a surplus, would be inestim-
able as a Chancellor of the Exchequer. The Established
Church of Ireland was civilly and socially useful; it was
guarded by the laws of the country; it was interwoven
with the Constitution, and it would be dangerous alike
to the safety of the State and the interests of religion if
the Legislature should ever consent to a measure like
this. Principle and truth demanded that the Church
of Ireland should be supported rather than attacked.
He hoped the house would not hesitate for a moment to
reject this motion
Mr. MAGUIRE denied that there could ever be any
finality in this matter, and argued that the Act of Union,
and all subsequent legislation, had evidently proceeded
upon the assumption that the temporalities of the Church
of Ireland were still to remain an open question. The
facts and figures of the case were all on one side ; they
went to show that the Church Temp;ralities of Ireland
rested on a most unsatisfactory footing ; they provided
for the religious education of the minority at the
injury and expense of the majority of the people
which had made all impartial authorities, including Ma-
caulay himself, declare that the Established Church of
Ireland was a bad and unjust institution. Like Mr.
O'Connell, however, he was for the voluntary principle,
and therefore if the hon. and learned sergeant went to a
division upon this motion, he should feel himself con-
strained to go into the lobby against him.
Mr. G. A. HAMILTON controverted the state-
ments of Mr. Sergeant Shee on a former occasion rela-
tive to the incomes of the Sees of Ossory, Cloyne, and
Limerick, which he said the hon. and learned gentleman
had very much exaggerated—an exaggeration amounting
in the whole, if his general statement was as much exag-
gerated as that with reference to those three dioceses, to
no less than 111,0001. (Hear.) He was quite willing
to admit that the question of endowments was a most
important question, but it was surrounded with
very great difficulties ; and if he thought the great-
est tof all truths truth in religion was to be
maintained by the voluntary principle, he should adopt
it, however much he might deplore the separation of
Church and State; but he held that the State was bound,
in homage to religion, to maintain one established form
of religion. On those grounds he strongly objected to the
motion of the hon. and learned gentleman.
Sir J. FITZGERALD supported the motion of the
hon. and learned sergeant (Sergeant Shee).
Mr. LUCAS said in the greater part of the discussion
they had heard that day he took very little interest. He
had stated before that he did not approve of the plan of
the hon. and learned sergeant, for he did not think it
would be effective. He did not intend on this or
any other occasion to be seduced into putting himself
on the defensive as to the interpretation he had a
right to put upon the oath taken by members of this
!louse, notwithstanding the attack made upon him
in his temporary absence from the house by the
right honourable and learned member for the Uni-
versity of Dublin (Mr. Napier). He thought he had
as good a right as that hon. member to put what
construction he thought best on that oath, and he was
quite of opinion that oath did not by any means pre-
clude him from taking part in this discussion. He be-
lieved there was no chance of this question being finally
settled except by the voluntary principle, and he trusted
that the people of Ireland would see the necessity of
giving up the grant to Maynooth, which he believed
stood in the way of justice being done to Ireland by
perpetrating the enormcus grievance and wrocg of the
Established Church of Ireland. The right honour-
able and learned member for the University of
Dublin (Mr. Napier) had vaunted of the great
alteration of the relative proportion of Catholics and
Protestants in Ireland since the census of 1834. He
(Mr. Lucas) believed there was a great alteration, but
he also believed the alteration was of an exactly oppo-
site character, and that the decrease of Protestants was
much greater than that of Catholics. The honourable
member quoted a number of statistics on this subject,
and he believed that of 15 parishes in Galway, Roscom-
mon, and Kilkenny, while the decrease of the general
population was 30, that of the Protestant population
was 54.

Mr. M'MAHON rose to correct an historical inaccu-
racy of the right hon. and learned member for the Dub-
lin University, that the property of the Established
Church was conferred upon it in times long antece-
dent to the Reformation. This was totally inaccurate,
as the records of Ireland showed, and even Geraldus
Cambrensis stated that in his time the Irish people did
not pay tithes, except where the English influence pre-
dominated ; and from the earliest period that tithes were
heard of they were always looked upon as a badge of foreign
domination ; and he (Mr. M'Mahon) believed they
should never have peace or contentment in Ireland until
tithes were abolished. (Hear.)
Mr. A. STAFFORD said, without going back so far
as the twelfth century, he could state that tithes were
now collected in Ireland with the greatest facility.
Assuming, as he was bound to assume, that the fall of
the Established Church, or any heavy blow struck at
that Church, would be the most welcome news that could
reach the Vatican, he asked were they justified in
granting this great boon to Rome ? And he
believed that the events of the last few
years would more than ever make the people of this
country unwilling to grant this boon ; and he was pre-
pared to give his hearty vote against the proposition of
the bon. and learned sergeant. (Hear, hear.)
Mr. KENNEDY moved that the debate be ad-
journed.
Mr. HADFIELD seconded the motion.
Mr. Sergeant SHEE said as the hon. gentleman (Mr.
Stafford) had evidently spoken on purpose long enough
to prevent his having time to reply, he trusted that the
'notion for adjournment would be agreed to. (Cries of
"No," and "Divide.")
The motion for adjourning the debate was agreed to,
and it being within a few minutes of six o'clock, the
house, after disposing
paper, adjourned. of some formal business on the