The Sun.
London, England, 1838-07-20 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY, JULY 200838.

Lord ASHBURTON was decidedly opposed to the
meaFure.

The Marquis of BUTE said that if the Noble and Learned
Lwd should take the sense or the House upon the Bill he
ould vote with him.

After a few words from Lord ELLENBO ROUGH,
Lord DENMAN replied, and their Lordships then divided,
when there appeared—
For the Bill l6
Against it 32
Majority against the Bill
The Bill was consequently lost.
WEST INDIA PRISONS BILL.

Lord GLENE V; moved the second reading of this Bill

Lord ELLENBOROUGH vvished to call the atteutitm
their Lordships, although he considered this a very p•op-r
Bill, to the fact that it was so far back as the 7th of November
last that the Noble Baron (Glenelg) had sent out some six-
teen questions to the Colonial Legislatures respecting the
measures it would be necessary to take with reference to the
administration of justice and the preservation of peace,
after the abolition of the apprenticeship of the negroes should
have come into complete operation,—( Hear, hear.) It ought
not to be forgotten that a very short time would elapse before
the emancipated negroes would have the power of returning,
perhaps, a majority of the Members of the Houses of Assem-
bly, and that was a question of vitalimportance with regard
to the future state of the colonial Legislatures.—( Hear.)
Lord GLENELG said that the special magistrates would
certainly lose their character when the entire emancipation of
the negroes came into operation, but that, at the same time,
they might be continued until some description of stipendiary
tu, gis rates could bo appointed. While he agreed with the
Baron that they ought not to suppose that the negroes,
when sot entirely free, would not require that additional
%%etch should be kept over their conduct, yet he did not see
uhy a much better feeling should not be found to exist
among them than the Noble Baron seemed to anticipate.
After a few words from Lords Ellenborough and Holland,
the. Bill was read a second time.

The Slave Vessels (Captured) Bill was also read a second
time, on the motion of Lord GLENELG.
CHURCH DISCIPLINE BILL.

The LORD CHANCELLOR moved the second reading
of this Bill.

The Earl of WICKLOW regretted that Ireland was ex.
eluded from the operation of the measure.
The Bish. p of EXETER congratulated the Noble Earl,
as an Irishman, that his country was excluded from tile Bill.
He would not, in the present state of the House, oppose the
Bill going into Committee ; but he was resolved, on the third
readinf.r, to endeavour to persuade their Lordships not to ad-
mit of its paning into a law.—(Hear, hear.)
AUSTRALIAN AMENDMENT BILL.
On tilt motion of the Earl of DEVON, their Lordships
went into Committee on the Australian Amendment Act.
The Bill having gone through Committee, was reported to
the House.

The Earl of WICKLOW laid on the table a Bill in lien
of tFat just rerorted for the abolition of oaths.
The Judges Jurisdiction Extension Bill was read a third
time.

The New South Wales Act Confnuation Bill went through
Corumit•ee.

The House then adjourned.

GENERAL SYSTEM OF
RAILWAYS FOR IRELAND

EXTRACT FROM THE SECOND REPORT OF
THE COMMISSIONERS.

A well arranged system of Railways in Ireland would have
the effect of continuing, and extending throughout the country,
the benefits, which the outports have thus obtained by the in-
troduction of steam vessels. It is scarcely necessary to dwell
upon the great and obvious advantages, which would result
from such combined facilities of intercourse. The subsisting
relations of business and commerce would be thereby extended
and enlarged, and others formed, opening fresh resources to
the industry and enterprise of the trading portion of the corn-
tnunity ; while an object of no less consideration would be
immediately attained in rendering agricultural produce, which
may be called the grand staple of this country, at the sane
time more profitable to the producers, and accessible on easier
terms to the principal purchasers and consumers. We hase
already mentioned, that a considerable traffic has been firmed
since the application of steam vessels to purposes of commer-
cial transport, in the exportation of fat cattle. Tb direct
benefit, however, derived from this trade on the pat t of Ire-
land, is confined to counties adjacent to the eastern parts, or
connected with them by canals; for the condition of the ani-
mals would suffer so much by their being driven any consider-
able distance, that they are necessarily disposed of in same
neighbouring market; and thus the great feeding counties of
Limerick, Clare, and parts of Tipperary and Queen's County,
are precluded from the advantages recently opened to other
places. A Railway intersecting the country from Dublin,
would place the cattle of tin se rich pastures within reach of
Liverpool, Manchester, and Birmingham, thereby insuring
to these markets a larger supply, and of superior quality,
while the profits of the Irish feeder would be proportionally
enhanced. A similar advantage would be secured, through
the tame meansllteo the growers of corn, that the prices of pro.
duce thus equalized through the whole country, land would le
of nearly equal value tu the cultivator, at a distance from the
metropolis as in its immediate neighbourhood ; and hence the
inducement to expend capital and labour upon its improve-
ment would be as strong in the one case as in the other.
An opinion, which we believe to be quite erroneous. has
become prevalent, that because in the populous and Healthy
districts in which Railways have been established, their traffic
has consisted for the most part, in the conveyance of passengers
and goods of high value—they are, therefore, ill-adapted to
the conveyance of goods of bulk or of ordinary value. This,
notion has probably arisen from the inconvenience and diffi-
culty hitherto experienced in combining the two purposes in
such a manner as to yield a remunerative profit to the proprie-
tors. We cannot, however, see any reaso,l to doubt, hut, on
the contrary, we can see good grounds, for calculating on a
great extent of profitable traffic in agricultural produce and
live stock, as well as in other articles.
A similar opinion, which has been proved to be quite
groundless, was at fit st entertained with respect to sti am tea-
sels ; and it was some considerable time after they had been
used for the conveyance of passengers, that they sere ern-
ed in carrvine• cargoes of grain and stock, with which they
are now so extensively freighted between Ireland and Great
Britain.

Probably the best answer to such an objection as we have
molt :oiled, will be found in the following table of the value,
in tons, of the several kinds of Irish agricultural produce
respectively :

AVERAGE VALUE, fER TON, OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
IN IRELAND.

Butter
Beef and Mutton
Bacon
Pork
Second Flour
\Vheat • I 2
Oatmeal l2
Barley
Oats
Now, when we consider the intrinsic value of these•commo-
dities, why should it be thought that they cannot, for the ad-
vantage of a surer and bstter market, very well support the
expence of Railway conveyance? We repeat, therefore, our
persuasion, that besides the advantages of speed, security, and
exemption from waste or deterioriation, the dealer in these
articles will find the Railway the most economical method of
transport that he could possibly adopt.
Among the inducements which we may notice, as holding
out a prospect of support for such undertakings, are to be
mentioned the numbers from all parts of the United Kingdom,
and even from the Continent of Europe, who would resort to
Ireland as travellers, to view the natural bsauties of its splen-
did and varied scenery; and sonic, no doubt, to acquire a
more perfect knowledge of the character and condition of the
people. The line which we propose to Cork, passes within a
morning's drive of Killarney, and through a highly picturesque
country besides ; and should a Railway be completed to Holy-
head, or some other part in North \Vales, as forming part of
the plan recoinmended by us. with a view to the sa'est and
most rapid communication with America, the tourist will then
have an opportunity of passing through the magnificent moun-
tain scenery of Wales, and visiting the most remarkable places
both in the north and south of Ireland, at a very moderate ex-
pense, and in a few days. To many the saving of time will
be a much more valuable consideration than a reduction of.
expense, though the latter will, of course, operate as a strong
inducement to numbers ; and we have no doubt, that a con-
siderable accession of traffic will be derived, during the summer
and autumn of every year, from this source.
But the moral effects of such intercourse will perhaps out-
weigh the immediate pecuniary interests involved in it by ti ,e
in.p irtant influence which they will exercise on the fate of the
country. Ireland, though for years past a subject of anxious
went no ankliscusion n public, it is roally very little knownito
to the British people ; and the disadvantage to both countries,
arising from that circumstance, is much greater than is gene-
rally suppsed. Connected as they are by the same laws and
identified interest:, any proposal to cement this union, by
drawing their inhabitants closer together in the bonds of mu-
tual intercourse and knowledge, claims general aqention, and
if it appear calculated to promote that end, should command
general support.
If the lines recommended by us shall be adopted, there will.
undoubtedly, be a la•ge resort of strangers to Ireland, and
;;lest numbers will constantly pass and repass through the
land: It might be enough for the shareholders and proprie•
tors of a railway to he assured of this, without troubling
themselves to ask what business may have brought se many
travellers to their trains, or whither they may go after depart-
ing from the stations. But these are questions of great in-
cteocel;itnuaonuds ininspt.raertaannieecotuold tlineutcolluotwaryth;rotu'ogrhseita.sleslonidlawnitthaotuidt
fertilizing end euriehing
s tsit,oor s
r,
merely whether
passing engaged o
ntl.
a more
d attractedt‘stho
iaas et
no on
mbomt herresemi d. Those frequent
vin
,: urui
necessarily cause an increased activity in various departments of
business, and add most considerably to the circulation of moucV
Thus. although a railroad itself, as a mercantile speculation,
might not, all at once, fulfil the sanguine expctations of the
projectors, it would still be an invaluable source of general
wealth anJ prosperity.

. - -
It would be an endless task to point out the vizi its interests
‘ll,l social relations which would be mare or les4 affected by
t. le introduction of this mode of tratlic on an extensive scale ;
but it may be proptr, before we conclude this part of our Sllll
j 'et, to advert sh .rtly to its probable erects upon some depart-
public service.
ments of the

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