The Sun.
London, England, 1838-11-22 00:00:00

EXTRACT FROM ANSWER.

You have also correctly described the nature and object
of the ordinance which has been annulled. It was one of
mercy and forgiveness, not of tyranny and oppression. I
cannot admit its illegality. It is strictly in accordance with
the powers and provisions of the Act of Parliament under
which I administer the affairs of this province. I may also
remark that transportation to Bermuda has been the con-
stant practice in both the Canadas. As for its policy—re-
cent events have, I think, demonstrated its soundness.
The late verdict on the trial of the murderers of Chartrand
shows how fearful is the danger of exposing the sacred in-
stitution of trial by jury to the chances of its being abused,
under circumstances in which the ordinary considerations
of justice, truth, and conscience are superseded by the all-
absorbing power of party feeling.
Knowing well that such would be the result if the
ordinary forms of judicial procedure were resorted to, I
determined on acting on the powers conferred by the Act
of Parliament, which I believed to have been passed by
the Imperial Legislature, not from the abstract love of
despotism, but from a conviction of the necessity which
existed for supplying the Government here with means
proportioned to the exigency of the case, and arming it
with weapons sufficient to put down revolt, and eradicate
treason.

It has pleased the House: of Lords to decree other-
wise, and to declare by its enactments, on one day that
the free and representative Constitution of a colony shall
be suspended, and a provisional despotism created, and on
the next, that the consequences of that Act are not to be
followed out, or its powers enforced, even whilst they admit
that it would be for the advantage of the public service.
I bow with submission to their decree, but I never
will acknowledge its policy or equity.
EXTRACT FROM ADDRESS OF THE INHABITANTS OF
NIAGARA
We read with dismay and alarm the proceedings of
the British House of Peers, casting a reflection on a part
of your Excellency's administration. Whether these pro-
ceedings emanated from a spirit of philanthropic patriotism,
or were the offspring of envious faction, we do not pre-
sume to decide. But we cannot withhold our opinion that
this uncalled-for measure is fraught with dangerous conse-
quences to the Colonies and the Empire, by destroying that
confidenee which your Excellency had restored—by es-
tranging those affections which your Excellency bad re-
claimed—by blighting that prospect which an unhappy
people had vainly hoped was about to open to their view.
Tell our Gracious Queen that her loyal Canadian subjects
owe her a debt of gratitude for the appointment of your
Excellency, and that they lament the State necessity which
compels you to return. There, under the protection of
the Throne and the people, complete that work which
here you have so nobly begun, and in which you have
been SD untimely interrupted ; and transmit to us, or may
we hope, personally to deliver to us a Constitution which
may perpetuate the British connection, and will impress
upon our minds the remembrance of your virtues.

In addition to the above addresses and answers, the
Grand Jury, the Magistracy, and all the other influential
public bodies in the Upper Province, have presented simi-
lar testimonies of their deep regret at his Lordship's de-
parture. As the answers given to them by the Noble
Earl are merely repetitions of the selections which we have
made, it is unnecessary to fill our columns with them.
Unlike the case of the schoolmaster of Syracuse, a brick
in this instance is a fair sample of the building.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRANCE.

The name of the unfortunate man who was shot a few
nights since at the gate of the Tuileries is at length disco-
vered. He was a grenadier of the 58th Regiment of the
Line en conge, and was named Nicholas Fohr ; he was
andla
! Madeleine.i ved a t
Hhouse
Majesty,of
having
father of this young man was in a state
indigence, has most generously sent him a
and has fixed on him an annual pension
oopbo
learned
fnonr
erl tsdheoe2neor iti
fnßigoyiolef
auuaGtl
plre years
Boulevard
lioogre(
=pfdnfaa. d,gnee.:
THE GUARD OF THE CHATEAU.—The shot of the rue
de Rivoli has revealed the existence of an enormous abuse
in a Representative Government. This shot was fired in
rallying
conformity with an order or countersign which is not that
of Paris, and is not conformable to military regulations.
What Minister is responsible for this order—the Minister
of War, Chief of the Troops of the Line, or the Minister
of the Interior, from whom arises the National Guard ?
Neither to the one or the other. This deplorable event
establishes a fact that all the citizens called upon to the
service of the National Guard at the chateau of the Tui-
lei ies should observe. This chateau is in the heart of
Paris, like a fortress occupied by a foreign garrison, and
which may be compared to the fortress of Luxembourg, in
the province whose name it bears. The posts of the Na-
tional Guard and those of the line are apparently placed
under the orders of Marshal Lobau, but in reality the
authority of the Marshal ceases after the parade, and the
_o
andh thes soldiers ie
ofr s t
h ofe
the line
N
two troops once retired to their posts, respectively obey
different orders ; the countersign is double, if not
triple
and strange confusion has often happened
amongst the patrols in consequence of the variety
of these
words.
At night t
muskets bx e
.c
are furnished with cartridges, and load
ttl'heaeitrNioanmtail Guardnuoskal et
are empty. After the closing of the gates,
s;thge rt
Guards on duty in the garden are relieved by
sentinels of the line for the whole of the night. We believe
even that a recent order has suppressed the sentinel of the
National Guard placed opposite one of the line under the
vestibule of the chateau. It is then, above all, that
these various
seriousariousresults.countersignsln the
middle of
the night are mixed, an d are liable
produce a
National Guard sentinel saw a concealed door open, a man
in a military uniform, and armed to the teeth, came out ;
to the qui vivo of the sentinel this man replied by a myste-
rious sign, which was neither the word of order nor the
rallying word, but which made him known as one of the sur-
veillants charged, during the night, with a private guard in
the interior of the palace. These men, whom every body
may see during the day in a sort of uniform, and armed
only with a sword, form a complete militia, the stronger
because it is composed of old soldiers of tried and
devoted bravery, and may be augmented indefinitely.
These men have never given the public or the
national guard any reason to complain in consequence of
their ostensible functions, and the reports established be-
tween them and the posts. Our objection only applies to
their quasi military organisation, by which they are in some
some sort made body guards, placed out of the pale of legal
and regular order. Not only do these surveillants do the
night service armed, but they exercise during the whole
time of the guard a sort of command over the sentinels of
the line, whom they inspect, and to whom they explain the
countersigns. we cannot imagine how this sort of com-
mand agrees with that of the chiefs of posts. These cir-
cumstances, which are known to all the National Guards of
Paris, will, doubtless, be exposed before the Court-martial,
and they will be of great service in the defence of the ac-
cused. It must be concluded that the military guard of
the chateau is organised in opposition to the laws, and the
ordinary responsibility under a command arbitrary and n)t
under controul. A citizen has been killed in execution of
a countersign unknown, and which the citizens are not ex-
pected to know. What prevents the chief who gave this
countersign to order the sentinels to fire upon every pas-
senger who does not answer to the qui vive ; or does not
obey the injunction of " Walk further off?"
The rumour of a misunderstanding having occurred be-
tween Sir Robert Stopford and the French Admiral in
command of the Mediterranean fleet is considered of so
much moment by the French Government as to merit spe-
cific notice in the Moniteur, which official print formally
states, in its impression of Tuesday, that there was not ti.v
sligl,te,,,t pound tor huppos:ng that the two Admirals i,,,u,,
on other than the best terms.
In a letter from the Correspondent of the Constitutionnel

at Berne, dated the 16th inst., it is said :—" We have re-
ceived this morning the news of the removal of the Duke
de Montebello, and the appointment of Baron Mortier in
his place. This has caused the most lively satisfaction,
not only among the immense majority of the people, but
among all the authorities who owe their existence to the
revolutions in the cantons effected since the days of July."
The Nouvellisle states that the six months' leave of ab-
sence recently suspended in consequence of the difference
between France and Switzerland is on the point of being
granted to all the regiments of the army, with the excep-
tion of those stationed on the northern frontier.
THE ELECTIVE FRANCHISE IN FRANCE.--" According
to the general return of the electors of the department of
Moselle, published on the 20th of October last, that de-
partment, with a population of 427,250 inhabitants, only
contains 1,713 electors, or one elector for every 250 inha-
bitants.
" Now France, on a general average, contains one elector
for every 166 inhabitants ; so that the department of the
Meurthe is, in that respect, in an inferior condition as re-
spects the greater part of France.
" The district of Metz has a population of 150,811 in-
habitants and 891 electors, or an elector for every 169 inha-
bitants, which is nearly the mean proportion indicated for
the entire of France.
" The district of Brieg has 62,946 inhabitants and 366
electors, or oit elector for every 236 inhabitants.
" The district of Tl;:lnaville has a population of 87,520
souls and 312 electors, or ow, t'lector for every 280 inha-
bitants.
" Finally, the district of Sarreguemines, with a popula-
tion of 125,973 inhabitants, has only 244 electors, or one
elector for every 516 inhabitants.
" These returns are official, and appear to us an insuper-
able argument in favour of electoral reform."—Courrier de
la Moselle.

-
According to letters received from Algiers, the ball
given by the colonists to Marshal Clausel took place on
the 16th, in the saloons of the Hotel Latour du-Pin ; so
brilliant an assembly has not been seen in Algiers for a
long time ; the rooms were crowded. A great number of
officials accepted the invitation which was given them, but
not one General was present. Marshal Clausel on enter-
ing received the congratulations of the principal colonists
and natives, and remained a long time among his friends.

The Seniinelle des Pyrenees says that the Carlist column
commanded by Tarragual had made an incursion into
Upper Arragon along the Pyrenees, and that on the 13th
the Carlist Chief was master of the road from Lanfranc to
Jaca, which circumstance explained tho delay in the arrival
of the Spanish mail. Between Lanfranc and Urdax Tar-
ragual had carried off a convoy, with 400,000 f. in money,
on its way from Pauli to Saragossa. He had also stopped
three deputies, a superior officer of the Queen's troops, and
some merchants, who had taken advantage of the protec-
tion of the escort. The political Chief of Saragossa had
received a despatch from the Avuntamiento of Caspe,
dated the 11th instant, announcing that the Carlists, who
entered that place on the Ist, quitted it only on the 11th in
the direction of Maella. Their artillery had been sent off the
day before. The conduct of the troops who had defended
Caspe is represented as admirable. The same journal quotes a
letter of the 9th inst.from Logreno, to the effect that the Carlists
had surprised at Munilla, a village between Viana and Lo-
grono, a detachment of twenty-five men of the Provincial
Regiment of Salamanca, escorting a convoy. The whole of
the escort were shot, with the exception of five, who,
though wounded, succeeded in reaching Logrono. Two of
the latter had since died. The General-in-Chief had or-
dered an equal number of Carlist prisoners to be shot on
the very spot where the Christine detachment had been
surprised.
The Flare of Bayonne gives a letter of the 13th inst.
from Saragossa, stating that of fifteen sergeants shot on the
previous day in that city, in reprisal for the Christine pri-
soners massacred by Cabrera's orders, seven, on their own
confession, were monks. It was rumoured that Cabrera,
on learning the executions at Valencia, Saragossa, Marcia,
and Alicant, had ordered all the Christine prisoners at
Cantavieja to be shot, but that the Commandant of that
place had refused to obey the order'.

FBENCH FUNDS.—PARIS, NOVEMBER 211
Five per Cents., 111 f sc. 10c. sc. 1111.
Three per Cents. WE 10c. 20c. 15c. 10c.
Bank Actions, 2,750 f.
Itente de Naples, 1021.. 3'c. 40c. 45c.
Roman Five per Cents.. 10: %.
Spanish Actives, 174 1634 17.
Spanish Passives, 3%54.
Belgian Bank, 1480 f. 1,4851.
Dutch Two and a half per Cents., 2014.
EXCHANGE ON LONDON.
Onemonth, paper, 25f. 35e. ; money, 25f. 35c.
Three months, paper, 25f, 25-.; money, 251. 25c.
LATEST PRICES.
Five per Cents. 111 f.
Three per Cents., 821. 10c.
Bank Actions, 2750 f.
Romans, 10134.
Belgian Bank, 1,485 f.
Spanish Actives, 17.
Spanish Passives, 334.

SPAIN.

MADRID, Nov. 13.—The Congress of Deputies assem-
bled for a short period yesterday, and dispatched some
routine business, which presented no feature of interest to
the foreign reader. Towards the conclusion of the session
Senor Martin moved for an interpellation of the Govern-
ment on the deplorable state of Toledo and La Mancha,
which has been fixed for to-day, should the Ministers think
well of appearing in their places to answer for the abandon-
ment and desolation of the former of these provinces in par-
ticular. The Conde de las Navas also moved for a discus-
sion on the subject of the illegal co-existence, as he con-
siders it, of the capital in a state of siege, and the delibera-
tions of the Legislature. The President, Senor Isturiz,
replied that he would inform the Government, as in the
case of the interpellation of Senor Martin on the state of
Toledo, &c.

It was announced by the Secretary that General Seoane
had been appointed Chairman of the Committee named to
draw up the address to the speech from the Throne, and
Senor Olozaga as Secretary—rather strange materials for
preparing a reply to the speech of a Moderado Cabinet.
Olozaga, I understand, has been charged with drafting the
document, though Martinez de la Rosa is one of the
Committee. Something similar has occurred in the other
Chamber. When the question of drawing up the address
was mooted, the Duke of Bailen observed, I understand,
that Senor Calatrava was the fittest person for this pur-
pose ; but the latter having objected on the score of his
having many disagreeable truths to introduce into such
a document, he was answered by the Duke of Bailen, that
he might introduce as many as be pleased, but that he
should undertake the task. This view being seconded by
one of the bishops present, Calatrava consented to the task,
demanding Quintana, the Director of the National Col-
leges, &c., as his colleague in the undertaking.
The Gazette of this morning contains a most dangerous
and imprudent decree, dissolving the juntas of reprisals,
established all over the provinces, and formally recognised,
a short time ago by the Government which now inconsis-
tently dissolves them. Dissolve, indeed, at the beck of
the Duke of Fritts! No, not one. On the contrary, it is
most likely that this very decree will only add to the oppo-
sition which it was meant to put down.