The Sun.
London, England, 1853-01-13 00:00:00

THE FRENCH EMPIRE.

The Ottoman Ambassador, accompanied by the
whole body of the Legation, presented yesterday
his credentials to the Emperor.
The Emperor received, on Tuesday, in private
audience at the Tuileries, M. de Oerthling, resident
Minister to H.R.H. the Grand Duke of Mecklen-
burg-Schwerin, to present his new letters of cre-
dence to his Imperial Majesty. Count de Hatzfeld
presented in public audience the letters which ac-
credit him as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary of the King of Prussia. The Em'
peror also received in public audience M. Hubner,
to present his letters as Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary of the Emperor of Austria.
The Austrian and Prussian Ministerswere conveyed
to the audience in a carriage of the Imperial Court.'
Another carriage of the Court conveyed to a public
audience his Grand Ducal Highness Prince Frede-
rick of Hesse to present, on the part of his nephew)
the Grand Duke of Hesse, a private letter of con-
gratulation to the Emperor.
His Majesty the Emperor honoured the Italian
Opera on Tuesday evening with his presence.
By decree of the Emperor, dated Tuesday, the
sum of 5,403,150 fr., inscribed in the budget of the
State for 1853, for the charges of the personnel of
the Imperial palaces and manufactories, is trans'
ferred from the budget to the charge of the civil
list of his Majesty. Another decree of the same
date extends to Algeria the benefit of the decrees
published in France for the remission of fines andimprisonment for offences of the press, of penalties
pronounced by the councils of discipline, of the
National Guards, of those for offences against the
fishery laws, and those committed against the laws
regulating the circulation of carriages, &c.
An Imperial decree of the 31st ult. increases
from the Ist instant the salary of the Secretary'
General of the Prefecture of Police from B,ooofr. to
which it had been reduced in 1848, to 12,000 fr. per
annum.

Baron d'Andre, Envoy Extraordinary and Mi"
nister Plenipotentiary of the Emperor of the
French, in the Netherlands, has been raised to the
grade of Commander in the Order of the Legion of
Honour.

M. Lemerle, Viscount de Beaufond, commissary
of marine at Havre has been removed to Roche-
fort, and is to be replaced at the former port by the
commissary of marine at Bayonne.
The Pays of Wednesday has an article on the
late operations of the Paris Bourse, in which, with-
out making any direct allusion to the remarks of
the Siede of the day before on the same subject!
evidently desires to show that the reasons assigned
by its contemporary for the late heavy fall are not
the true ones. The Pays adduces no arguments t°
prove that the Bourse is no longer under the in-
fluence of certain financial notabilities, but, being
left totally free to its own workings, rises and fall
according to the pulse of public feeling at the 00-,
ment, acted on by the abundance or scarcity 01
money, or the state of manufactures, and other in-
dustrial interests.

The Si,ecle also has an interesting article concern?
ing the establishment of a service of transatlane
steamers from some French port on the coast ofo
Atlantic. Our contemporary sets out with laying 1
down as an incontestible principle that any awl:
pany, however powerful it might be, would so°,
find itself unable to act with vigour, if it divin
its strength between various ports, and that, con;
sequently, some one starting point must be seleaw
along the western coast of France. The conditi°ll
of concentration of the service, the Siecle 100
on as absolutely indispensable to success; and, nftt
having assigned its reasons for this opinion—v/13i
indeed, we may observe, scarcely required so much
elucidation as our contemporary bestows on it, 1
proceeds thus :

"The ports which now dispute to be selected as ill°
place of departure are : in the Channel, Havre and Chef;
burg ; in the Atlantic, Nantes and Bordeaux ; and
_2O,
the Mediterranean, arseilles, which is already in rof
session of the Levant line. We have again to ask
what importance is the union of all the services in ,0
hands of one company, if they are not concentrated on
one point and in the same port ? The question Of 11he
unit) of port being admitted the next point is to decide ,
on that which is the best suited to respond to the esseitYo
tial conditions for the success of the transatalan-,
packets. These conditions may be thus summed 11134
Ist, in time of peace to serve with the maximum._,
safety, speed, and economy the interests of the counts..o"
whose relations with France they are to develope, and, IP,
particular, the interests of French manufactures and col
l
merce ; and 2dly, in time of war, to add the greatest par:,
sible amount of naval power to the country. One Pod w
alone appears to us to unite all the conditions of a WT.1,3
transatlantic establishment, and that is Cherburg. If t
line to New York does not appear to be seriously disputed 3
Cherburg, it is not the same with the other lineS•
Nantes founds its claims on the law of 1840, which
granted it the Brazils and La Plata ; but Nantes hS
ceased to be what may be called a seaport, anti ,is.
Nazaire, which is situated at the mouth of the Rhone,
has only one dock in an unfinished state, and the road-
stead is difficult of approach in the day, unapproachable
at night, and dangerous in foggy weather. Bordeau%
and Marseilles claim, in addition to the line to the
Brazils, that which is to serve the French and Spanish
West India Islands, Guatemala, New Grenada, Venez"
uela, Hayti, New Orleans, and French Guyana. But
Bordeaux, separated from the sea by a river 25 leagues
is
in length, is only accessible at high water to von,
drawing from 14 to 15 feet of water. It is generally' a't-
mitted that the Mexican line would require steamers e,
800-horse power. The roadstead of Pauillac has, it s
true, become the place of anchorage of the navigation vi
Bordeaux, but Pauillac is 12 leagues from Bordel
and this roadstead, at the time when the current
very rapid, would not be safe for the shipment of 131er
chandise on board transatlantic steamers. Bordes,,i,
pretends to offer an advantage of 48 hours over the
other ports ; but this advantage would be 133°r0
than sacrificed by the difficulties of the navigat"
of the Gironde. Marseilles, with nautical conditiont
infinitely superior, Marseilles, the only one of our gre4'
commercial ports which does not feel any inconvenience
from the tides, is unfortunately too far removed fr°,l
Paris and the principal manufacturing districts, and °'-
of the great current of emigration. Marseilles has ie
~o
large and deep port, but her dry docks can only se';
for the repairs of vessels of ordinary tonnage. Cm`";
burg, as we have before said, unites all the conditiol_e
which are wanting to the other ports. When made
centre of trans-oceanic communications, the port 'it
Cherburg would change nothing in the ordinary enTre°,l
of transactions. Placed in the centre of the Chsinn,"(
coast, united by her railway with Paris, the North ;
Europe, Alsace, Germany, and Switzerland, it might/ tos,
attracting all the freight which now goes from Havre,,i,
Southampton, become not only the rival of the Engur
port, but also the possessor of a great part of the tr"--,.;
sit trade of Havre, without, however, depriving 1
-**-0
important port of the colonial market which it O
possesses. A powerful company has proposed to two
Government to undertake the establishment of all th Transatlantic steamers at Cherburg, and the nr0
alone of its principal founder, M. Levavasseur, „,
owner of Havre and deputy for Rouen, renders "rat
naage, in our opinion, to the superiority of til„'"
port. The different services will, according to the to
"'
der of the company, be organised as follows :--Fr°-
,
Cherburg to New York ; five vessels of 1,000 holt
power each, the fifth to remain in reserve ; departn7"
twice a month ; speed, 11 knots an hour ; length
passage, 11 days, From Cherburg to the .Anno,
and Mexico : Five vessels of 500 horse-power each'
twice a-month ; run from Cherburg to Xof
tinique, 14 days. From Martinique branch lines,
communication by steamers of 250 horse-power, to
to Guadeloupe, Vera Cruz, New Orleans, Cuba, 0"•
,
Domingo, Grenada, Cayenne, &c. From Cherburg ~„
the Brazils : Three vessels of 800 horse ower each I
departures once a-month ; run from 20 -p
to 21 days:
These vessels to call at Lisbon, Madeira, tho French
and m
establishment of Goree on the coast of Aufriorscac'powefror to
Rio Janeiro additional vessels of 250 in all 21 run to to Monte Video and Buenos AYresc:wer. The coin-
eels giving a total of 14,500 horso7l,ooof. per horse'
pany solicits an annual subvention
of 1,200 f. for those
power for the New York line,
aa difference which is ne'
of the Antilles and the Brazi"ear and tear of the latter
175 days every year,
esoen'tclica on an average 140 days'
cessary from the increased
vessels, which would
while the former wouldwould, therefore, be from 16 to 11
Years' This certainly would bet
millionsT h e totala
-year
fnr subventionoo,
but would it not become at
' vcoernysiddeisrtaabnite
pege x P.heond a, new and abundant source of prec'
treTashoewryLddubrinlegyr
commerce and of riches for the public
perity for Fren
theso violently at
or Iltharvreee,dafryosTol
lly high, and the sewers h
w. S. •
avin_
orroesetranusua filled, some of the streets we'-
been the
undated
for several hours.
We read in the Debats :—" Some persons hang
expressed surprise at the announcement of the Swnf
nt
di tide e d
of the gallery of pictures of the late Mike
Orleans for the 18th and 19th inst. The sal°,a -
sufficiently explained by the position of the GT:,
dren of the duke as minors, and of whom nii,;
Duchess of Orleans is the natural guardian.
-1;0-
advisers of H.R.H. the Duchess of Orleans
only taken the same course as that pursued by i."
advisers of H.RH. the Duchess de Berry in 11/44
for the sale of the cabinet of the Duke de Berri' a
General Waldner de Freundstein, comnAllo •
of the 6th military division at Strasburg, has be;
appointed a member of the cavalry comroitto, Aa
the place of General Grand, who has rece,4l°-to
another destination ; General Rilliet narile'the
replace General Waldner de Freundstein in
command of the 6th division. General de Salleey
appointed to the command of the 10th wili
yhvision at Montpellier, in lace of General de i,Z
a-
tolan, who has received another destination ;
nd ° f
a
General Tartar is appointed to the comm, of
the 14th military division at Bordeaux in pm%de
General Le Pays de Bourjolly, who has been 111
a senator, and placed en disponibilite.
Accounts from the French West India Walla"
received. to the 16th. The yellow fever villiaaji
dining. Amongst its latest victim Was v""

Procureur-General of Martinique. Committees had
been formed in that island for raising subscriptions
for the purpose of erecting a statue to the Empress
Josephine. A commission, authorised by the
Governor-General of the same island for the exa-
mination of the question relative to immigration,
had resolved that immigration on a large scale
ought to be effected without delay, and that the
state ought to take part in it. In order to hasten
the solution of the matter, the commission had
adopted an address to the Emperor, praying him
to allow a loan of 5,000,000 fr., to be reimbursed by
annual instalments of 250,00 r. from the general
receipts of the colony, to be raised.
The Emperor, to commemorate the opening of
the Cirque Napoleon, which he attended, has pre-
sented M. Dejean, the director, with a magnificent
pin, surmounted with an emerald and with dia-
monds ; M. Villain de St. Hilaire, author of the
verses, "Dieu nous I'a reiidu," which were sung on
the occasion, with a valuable gold snuff-box ; and
M. Laurent, of the Opera National, by whom the
verses were sung ; M. Adolphe Franconi, chief of
the performances, and M. Gesso and M. Barrias,
who executed the paintings with which the interior
is decorated, with pins decorated with brilliants.
His Majesty has also presented M. Lejean with a
sum of 600 fr. for distribution amongst the employes
and servants of the establishment.
The grand centre piece for a dinner service which
M. Christofle is making for the Emperor, consists of
a group representing the genius of War moderating
the speed of his horses in a car, and of another, re-
presenting the genius of Peace in a car drawn by
oxen, whilst in the centre is a figure of France dis-
tributing crowns to the national glories. The groups
are united by four pedestals, bearing figures of Force
and Prudence on the side of War, and Justice and
Clemency on the side of Peace. The service, of
which the centre piece forms part, is to comprise
four large vases, representing the north, south,
east, and west, with specimens of their respective
productions ; and there are to be also candelabras
symbolising the productions of science, art, and
agriculture.
Different public buildings have been mentioned
as destined to receive the Staff of the National
Guard. It is now said that it is to be for the
present lodged in the Casino, in the Chaussee
d'Antin.

The enquete on the project for continuing the
arcades of the Rue de Rivoli from the Passage
Delorme to the Rue des Toulies has just been
closed, after being kept open for eight days at the
mairie of the 4th arrandissement. It has not called
forth any opposition.
The director-general of the Musses has given
notice that the public exhibition of living artists
will open on the Ist of May next, at the Garde-
Meuble, in the Rue du Faubourg Poistonniere.
Paintings intended for the exhibition will be re-
ceived every day from the Ist to the 31st of March.
The statues in the grounds of the Palace of Ver-
sailles are being cleaned, and an artist is at work
in the Palace in restoring the paintings of the co-
ronation and marriage of Napoleon 1., by David,
which have been a little injured by time.
The Prefect of the Seine has just given orders
that the collectors of taxes in his department shall
immediately proceed to the collection. All corn-
Plaints of overcharge are to be presented before the
10th of April. If the reduction demanded exceed
30fr., the application must be made on stamped
paper.
Suicides have of late been extraordinarily nu-
merous in Paris and the neighbourhood ; and se-
veral cases still occur almost daily.

Baron Gustave de Rothschild has been elected a
member of the Jewish Consistory of Paris.
The Prefect of the Seine has announced that as
the list of invitations for the ball to be given at
the Hotel de Ville on the 17th, has been definitely
closed, it will be impossible for him to comply
with any requests for invitations.
A letter from Alexandria, of 30th ult., in the
Constitutionnel, says :—" The French flag yester-
day floated over the French Consulate, in honour
of the accesion of Napoleon 111. and the proclama-
tion of the Empire. ATe Deum, at which all the
French residents were present, was sung at the
parish church. The Heron steamer, which has
just arrived to replace the Fabert brig of war, fired
a salute of 101 guns. The Viceroy has left for
Lower Egypt, to inspect the agricultural and other
works going on in the Delta.
M. Eugene Sue, who is now in Savoy, has com-
menced the publication of a new novel, under the
title of "Le Lac d'Annecy et ses Environs." It
appears under the form of a feuilleton in the Offi-
cial Savoy Gazette.
The severity of the gale which has prevailed in
the English Channel for the last two days had not
abated at eight p.m., and the express steam-packet
was, for the third time in succession, compelled to
seek shelter in Calais Harbour, being unable to
make the English coast.
The attention of the Government has begun to
lie attracted to the partial elections to the Legisla-
tive Corps which are to take place towards the end
of the month. It is believed that neither Legiti-
mists, Orleanists, nor Republicans will put forward
any candidates. In place of M. Audren de Ker-
drel, ex-deputy for Vitro, and M. de Calvi6res, ex-
deputy for Alais, whose resignations in compliancef
with the Frohsdorf manifesto noticed at the time,
the Government wishes to put up what it terms
" candidates of conciliation," which of course
means persons who have belonged to the Legiti-
mist party. For Vitro alone five persons are spoken
of, all ex-Legitimists and present Napoleonists. It
is believed that the choice of the Government will
fall on M. Freston de St.Aubin, who is said to be
an intimate friend of the Marquis de Larochejacque-
lein, who, like him, has rallied to the Empire.
A hostile meeting has taken place between Count
Niewerkerque, Director of the Museum, and Col.
Edgar Ney. There are several versions as to the
cause of the meeting, which has its principal inte-
rest in the fact of both being intimates of the
Zlysee. The name of a lady is said to be mixed up
in the affair.
General Lawcestine, Commander-in-Chief of
the national guard, quitted on Sunday the apart-
ment which he occupied in the Palais Royal ;
but the guard of honour of the general staff of
the national guard still remains here. It is
not true that the general staff is to occupy the
hotel Galifet, in the Rue de Grenelle. The
Marshal Prince Jerome will not take possession of
;the Palais Royal until the repairs in progress shall
be terminated, which will not be for two or three
months.

The Moniteur publishes a decree of the Em-
peror, giving the title of imperial to the HOtel
es Invalides, the Polytechnic School, the Spe-
cial Military School, the Military Prytanee (for-
merly the military college of La Fleche), School of
Cavalry, School of Application of the Staff, School
of Application of Artillery and Engineers, and Mi-
litary Schools of Medicine and Pharmacy. The
other establishments of the artillery and engineers,
such as the central depot, arsenal, waggon-trains,
Arc., will take the general titles of imperial esta-
blishments.
The Minister of Public Worship has appointed a
commission, composed of M. Godelle, Councillor
of State (section of finances), M. de Mericourt, In-
spector-General of Finances ; M. Ogier, Referen-
&,ry of the Courts of Accounts; M. Thiac, notary;
and M. Roy, Inspector of Finances, to arrange ge the
division of the credit allowed for settling
the creditors of Monsignor Dupuch, Ex_ B9i gs
h ow ip
t ohf
Algiers.
The consulting railway commission is now defi-
nitively constituted. It will have to give an
opinion on all subjects relating to railway., and to
classify the various lines to be conceded into Ist,
importance.
according to their
2d, and 3d classes,
The commission has at present to examine a consi-
derable number of aillications sent in for conces-
iu to not less than 70.
sions, amornting
The Courtier du. Gard states that the Minister of
Police has written to the Inspector-General. of
ill P-
olice at Montpellier, declaring that pardons wbe
accorded to all persons condemned by default for
political offences, who
may send in their adhesion
to the Government.
The Courrier du Havre states that orders have
been sent from Cherbourg to all the ports_ not to
send any more sailors to that division for the man-
ning of the fleet, a sufficient number for the mo-
ment having already arrived.
PARIS BOURSE Jan. 12.—The decline in public
securities made further progress at the Bourse
to-
day. The Four-and-a-Half per Cents. closed at
105 f. 25c./ and the Three per Cents. at 80f. 10c.,
for the end of the month • Orleans Railway Shares,
I,olof. ; Rouen, 995 f. ; Havre, 512 f. 50c. ; Great
Northern, 845 f. ; Basle, 355 f. ; Paris and Stras-
burg, 787 f. 50c. ; Paris and Lyons, 885 f. • Lyons
to the Mediterranean, 742 f. 50c. ; Great Western,
670 f. ; St. Dizier and Gray, 520 f. ; Caen and Cher-
bourg, 628 f, 75c. ; Dijon and Besancon, 530 f. ;
Bordeaux and Cette, 587 f. 50c.- ' • Shares of the
Bank of Credit Mobilier (issued at 500 f.), 800 f.