The Sun.
London, England, 1853-08-30 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 30, 1853.

LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS.

Closing Price Business
SIM Paid RALLWATS. Compass. Yesterday this day.
St. 100 Buckghamsb .L. dr N.W. 103 105 103}
50 all ClyclesdaleJc. Caledon... 51i 532
St. 100 E. Lincoln. gr
' 6p. cent. . • Gt.Northn 150 152
25 all Glstr.&Dn.Fr P.t.Westn 32 33
100 all Hrtlpl. Dk. & Yk. New.
Railway & Berw.
50 all Hull & Selby Y.&N.Md. 113 114
25 all Do. Shares Do 56 57
12' all Do. 4 Shares.lDo
27•4 28
124 all Lon.dtGreenwiS.Eastern. 144
14*
20 all Do. Preference ;Do 26 27
St. 100
Lowestoft gr.
4 per cenL. . Norfolk
St. 100 Do. 6 per et-. Do —
52 all Itianch.Bxton. Ln.&N.W
and Matlock & Midld 3 3i
50 all Middlesbro' & Stckton &
Redcar Darlingt.
all Midld.Bradfd l.OB 109
50 all Northern and
Basternsp.c. E. Count.. 65 67
50 all Do. 6 per ct IDo —
50 all Do. Fixed sp.e'Do .••
25 all Prest. & Wyre L. &IS. W
drLndr Yk
12i 111 Do. Shares. Do
St. 100 Roysln.&Hit. Gt.Northn i4B 150
St. 100 Do.Shepth.St. Do 148 150
25 181 Sher. Roth. & Lancash. &
GO ole g.5.p.c Yorksh -
12 92 S. Staftordsh.. MrMClean 14 d
50 all WearVarergr Stockt. &
6 per cent Darling .
25 all Do Do 3l 321
St. 100 Wilts&Somrst Gt.Westn :102 103
]ONES
1 all Agua Fria
10s. all Anglo Californian A e:
10 2 Australasian lAd ti
20 5 Australian 2 -- 21
1 all Australian Cordillera d
1 all Australian Freehold. —d
1 all Ave Maria fi 4d $
1 all Bad (Gd. Duchy of) dis— par'
1 all British Austrin. Gold 4 d
20 13.5 British Iron 7 9
35 242 Brazilianlmp.(issued
at pm 3 ___ 44
30 all Do. Cocaes Cuiada 24 34
20 15 Do. St. tio'r. el Rey 32 34
1 Carson's Cr :-7E. 4 d Par
40 all Cobre Copper 44 —45 a d
5 1 Colonial Gold — iIP
14 iCopiapo loi 1
St. all Co-y2er Min. o! Eng 55 65
25 all Do. Pref. 7i p. cent 6i —7a p
5 all English and Austin
Copper Smeltg. Co 24 lid
20 all General l5 —l6
2 all Great Nugget Vein — I p
3 all Great Polgooth — d
1 all Lake Bathurst
.fi $
1 all Liberty d par
1 all Lond.&Californ.Gold
Quartz Crush. Co —
1 all Mariquita g s d
10 9 Mexican&S.Americn 6 7
1 all New Granada 4d sari
1 all Nouveau Monde
5 1 Port Philip — td
1 all Quartz Rock R
50 all Rhymney Iron
15 Do. New
30 10:1 Santiago de Cuba 3: 4
1 all South Australian d— par!
10 7 Tin Croft
25:.1 all United Mexican 4 42
1 all Waller —1, d
1 all West Granada $ d
1 all West Mariposa..,,,,,, d
1 all Yuba s —d,

JOINT-STOCK BANKS.
40 all, Australasia BO 81
40 all British Colonial Bank ...
and Loan Company
50 all British N. American ...
20 2 Chrtd. Bnk.of India,
Austral., and China a p2i
25 5 Chrtd. Bnk. of Asia. ad par
100 25 Colonial ... ...
100 20 Commercialof
20 10 English Scottish and
Australian Chrtd pa-
r-20 15 London Chrtd. Bnk
of Australia -
50 20 London and County ... •••
50 10 London Joint Stock ...
100 20 Lond.andWestminst ..•
100 35 National Provincial
of England
20 10 Do. New — •
50 224 National o7lreland...
25 all Oriental Bank Cor
poration
100 25 Provincial of Ireland .• •
10 all Do. New .
5 1 RoyalAustraln. Bkg
and Gold Imp. Co 4 d— par
25 25 South Australia 42 44
25 all Union of Australia 7O 71 70
Do. New 8 8a
50 10- Union of London
40 all Union of Madrid
MISCELLANEOUS.
5 5 At.hin Coal and Iron
1.00 35 Australian Agricult. 34 36
20 8 Australsn.Pcific.Mail
10 6 Australn, Royal Mall
80 38a Brit. American Land 64 67 66 a
5 1 Brit. & Coln. Smeltg.
and Reduction Co._
100 324 Canada Company.,.,, —
5 5 Crystal Palace l4 p
4 2 Crystal PO . of. Franc, 4- .- 1 p
20 1 Eastern Steam ,
1 1 Electric Tel. of Ire'
15 14 Gen. Steam Navigat —
20 14 General Screw Steam
20 5 izisb Beetroot Sugar
20 4 Magdalena St. Navig.
1 all Nat. Pt. Steam Fuel ,
10 3 Netherlands Land —4 d
1 all N. B. Australasian.• par -- p
20 7? .Nrth.ofEuropeSteam
5 all Peel Rr, Ld. dr Minrl. 1p 53
50 all Peninsular & Orient&
50 25 Do. do,
•• •
2 all Portland Iron Co
100 60 Royal Mail Steam..
all Seoc. Austral. Invest. 1 2pxci
1 l Do. New Scrip .
25 25 South. Austral. Lane 36 3.3
J all Submarine Telegraph
100 28A Van Diemea's Land 16 17

RA IL TVA Y I NTELLIP,EYCE.

NORFOLK.
The half-yearly general meeting of this company was
held yesterday at the offices' of the company, Guildhall-
buildings. Mr. Peto, M.P., presided.
The report said—" The receipts and expenditure on
revenue account, prepared by the Eastern Counties Com-
pany, shows a gross increase of receipts for this railway
in the half-year of 7,802/. 3s. ld., as compared with the
corresponding half-year of 1852 ; whilst the working ex-
penses are diminished by the sum of 8141. 13s. 6d. for
the like period. The total traffic of the year amounts to
136.974/. 3s. lid., contrasted with 121,1811. 195., the
revenue of the previous year. The directors are happy
to say that this progressive increase of traffic still con-
tinues, there being an excess of 3,4-23 ss. sd. in the past
seven weeks of the current half-year, over the receipts in
the corresponding period of last year. The dividend
declared by the Eastern Counties Company being at the
rate of ss. per share of 201., the proprietors of the Nor-
folk Company are entitled to a dividend at the rate of
11. ss. per cent. for the half-year, on their consolidated
stock, which will be paid on the 15th September next.
The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report,
said the capital account consisted of the following items :
—Redemption of land tax, 1,359/. 4s. 4d. ; works of
stations, 8341. 14s. • surveying, 521.105. ; miscellaneous
charges, 1091. 6s. ; parliamentary and law charges,
2,4231. ls. ; Lowestoft hartnur account, 311. ss. 3d. ;
making a total sum of 4,8103. is. The increase of re-
ceipts had gone on steadily during the whole of the half-
year. For seven weeks, ending 21st August, 1853, the
receipts amounted to 22,3691. 6s. 9d., and for the seven
weeks ending August 22d, 1853, the receipts were
18,9461. ls. 4d., showing an increase in this year for the
seven weeks of 3,4231. ss. sd. (Hear.) The large in-
crease had not been so much on passengers as on goods
and merchandise, which was mainly
arising from the
developments caused by the opening of the ports, and
the consequences resulting therefrom, as mentioned in
J'ie report. (Hear.) With regard to, the Parliamentary
proceedings, they had been checked by Mr. Cardwell's
resolution, and what could be done in the next session
must depend upon the future arrangements that were
entered into between the three companies with which
they were connected. They wished to have the sanc-
tion of the proprietors for the construction of a graving
dock at Lowestoft, the cost of which would be 10,0001.
The North of Europe Company were ready to lease
it at a rental of 6 per cent., if such a course
were considered desirable; but the directors thought
they should make such arrangements with the
North of Europe Company as would remunerate
the proprietors for the capital expended, and
leave them the choice of either selling or leasing it, as
should appear most expedient for their interest and the
convenience of the public. They endeavoured to assi-
milate as much as possible everything connected with
their arrangements with the proceedings of the Eastern
Counties Company ; and in the event of any proposition
for entering into an arrangement hereafter, by way of
amalgamation or perpetual union, there would be no-
thing, so far as they were concerned, to obstruct that
arrangement. With regard to the close or termination
of their agreement with the Eastern Counties Company
in 1855, it was only necessary for him to say that the
companies were on the most cordial footing. • The direc-
tors would not in any important matter which would
affect the permanent interests of the Company take any
measures without calling together end consulting some
of the largest proprietors. He still felt the confidence
which he had expressed in the undertaking on assuming
the chair, and he felt assured that what he had stated
respecting it on former occasions had been more than
fully and amply realised. (Hear, hear.)
In reply to a Proprietor, the CHAIRMAN stated that
the 10,0001. which it was proposed to lay out in Lowe-
stoft would be expended on a graving-dock for the ac-
commodation of vessels, and if they got six per cent.
rental, while they could borrow money for its construc-
tion at four per cent., he thought it would be desirable
to do so. The depth of water was 19ft. 6in. at low
water, and 25ft. at high water.
The CHAIRMAN, in reply to a. proprietor, said as a
proof of the opinion he entertained of their own under-
taking, be had only to say that if the proprietors under
the terms of the act of Parliament, as they had the
power of doing at the termination of the existing lease,
would give him a lease of their line for seven years, he
would give them the greatest amount of dividend the
Eastern Counties Company had paid them, and security
for 100,0001. Although he did not desire to enter into
any arrangement of that kind, such was his opinion of
the line, that the propietors might consider his offer as a
valid one, though made for the purpose of showing his
conviction that the line would produce a good return.
A resolution was passed by which the balance sheet
was declared to be approved of, and the report confirmed.
A dividend of 11. ss. per share, as recommended by
the report, was declared ; and it was also agreed that
the interest on the guaranteed shares should be payable
in future at the same period as the dividends on the con-
solidated stock, namely, on the 15th March and 15th
September.
_ _

A resolution was also passed authorising and confirm-
ing the forfeiture of 481 new 201. shares, and of 1101.
10/. shares, in consequence of the non-payment of calls,
amounting in the aggregate to 7,7201.
A vote of thanks was passed to the chairman and
directors, and the meeting separated.

NORTH AND SOUTH-WESTERN JUNCTION.
The half-yearly meeting of this company was held
yesterday at their offices, Parliament-street, West-
minster ; Mr. H. Tootal in the chair. The report
said :

" The directors announced in their last report that
this line of railway was being used for goods traffic.
They have now the satisfaction of stating that passenger
traffic is also being conveyed over it. The necessary
' arrangements with the London and North-Western
and London and South-Western Railway Companies
for working a passenger traffic have been most anxiously
considered, and urgently pressed on these two com-
panies by the directors. Time is required to divert the
goods traffic from its accustomed route, and to perfect
the arrangements for its interchange between the two
great companies, as well as for the establishment of coal
depots, and for the conveyance of the large mineral
traffic which has been and is still confidently expected
to traverse this railway. For this reason, the revenuo
from these sources of- traffic has not yet amounted to
the guaranteed sum of 2,2501. per annum. On the Ist
of August the directors of the London and North-
Western Railway Company consented to the passage of
four passenger trains in each direction over their rail-
way between Camden Town and the Willesden Junction,
and equitable terms were arranged between the London
and North-Western Railway Companies and this com-
pany, for the payment of the working expenses and the
division of the receipts. It is with great regret, how-
ever, that the directors are obliged to state that the
London and South-Western Railway Company have
not yet made arrangements for the conveyance of the
passenger traffic of this line on their railway from the
tnhoertshubajleidetnorth
eg-eastatioofnLondon. This is at present
be brought to a satisfacto'rywhcoienhcliutsiisonh.°PaTdhweildlisrhecotrotrlys
have seen with satisfaction that a bill has received the
Royal assent for constructing a railway from the north-
ern end of this line, by way of Kilburn and Hampstead,
to the North London Railway at Camden Town, which
will free the traffic of this line from any hindrance on
the London and North-Western Railway, and will es-
pecially tend to develope largely the passenger traffic
between the north, north-east, and east of London, and
the western and south-westerpivirans, The dirpct.ors
litrealeo to hiortr.thinhiacilioi itjaktng a .13,4raficli,to
Hammersmith has been obtained; and 'leis *posed to-
commence the works forthwith.
The accounts showed the receipts to have been
67,6121. 9s. 7d., and the expenditure 63,0641. 17s. 4d.,
leaving a balance to the credit of the company of 4,447/.
12s. 3d.

The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report,
detailed the position of the company as described in that
document. With respect to a dividend, it was not, they
were aware, usual to declare one at the first meeting,
after commencing business. There was, however, a
small sum in hand. which with the balance of the gua.
rantee would, he hoped, fructify, and be available for
dividend next meeting.
Mr. Creed seconded the motion.
In reply to the question of a shareholder.

The 013 AIRMAN stated that the guarantee became due
from the day on which the Government inspector had
declared the line fit for traffic. He had done so on the
27th of last November, so that three-fourths of the
2,2501. was at present duel to them.

The report was then adopted, and the proceedings ter-
minated with a vote of thanks to, and confidence in, the
chairman and directors.

NEWPORT AND HEREFORD.
The day for the opening of the Newport, Abergavenny,
and Hereford Railway has been definitively fixed for the
4th of October, when a single line of rail will be opened
for traffic. The question of a site for the Hereford sta-
tion has a length been settled, and it has been decided
to place it on the south side of the Above Eigr, between
that road and the Barton. Into this station the Shrews-
bury and Hereford line will run, and a large and hand-
some terminus, sufficient to meet the wants of both com-
panies, will be erected. A through traffic' from the
South of Wales to the Mersey and the North, will soon
be secured. Great exertions, are being made to complete
the Shrewsbury and Hereford, in time for the Newport
and Hereford ; and at the Barr's Court-end much ac-
tivity is being displayed. The Dinmore tunnel is the
heavy work now to be done.

H ROSS, AND GLOUCESTER.
WeEbßavEeEbOefßorD'
e stated that this line is in full traffic
as far as Hopebrook, six miles from Ross, which dis-
tance is performed by omnibus. The line is a single
one, upon the broad guage, 25 miles in length, and runs
into the South Wales at the Grange, about eight miles
from Gloucester. Two heavy tunnels, in course of con-
struction, prevent the speedy opening of the whole line.
The Lea tunnel is 800 yards in length ; the Fawley
tunnel 530 yards. The latter is about four miles from
Ross, and further on is the heavy one at Ballingham
of 1,200 yards. The line crosses the river Wye at Eign,
where the works are progressing, and the bridges and
other works are in an advanced state. In a short time
three lines will thus converge at Hereford.

DISCIPLINE AND MANAGEMENT OF

CONVICT PRISONS.

( Continued from The Sun of yesterday.)
THE CONVICT QUESTION.
Expense of adopting Imprisonment as the Secondary
Punishment of this Country.
Having made these preliminary observations, I will
proceed to consider the probable expense of adopting
imprisonment as the secondary punishment of this
country.
Assuming that an average period of three to four
years' imprisonment were substituted for the present
sentences of transportation (and considering that a large
proportion of those who now receive a sentence of seven
years' transportation would be well disposed of with a
sentence of two years' imprisonment, I believe this to
be a fair average), the following may be assumed as data
on which to calculate a maximum number and the ex-
pense. First, as regards England and Scotland.
If, as an assumed maximum, we take 3,000 as the
number sentenced annually, and an average period of
four years' imprisonment, the following may be taken as
data :
four unreyears'm number
r h p
ereris mightmen b te 2 showing
of imprisonment extending from
timon, 1:070in in separate
s theep
arate
18 months to life
Total number in confinement, on an average
of
total accommodation required 12,000
Ofthis
con•
finement, and 10,000 on public works and in invalid
establishments, &c.
Expense of an assumed Maximum Number of 12,000
Prisoners sentenced in Great Britain, of whom one-sixth
in Separate Confinement.
Maintenance of 2,000 prisoners in separate con-
finement, at 241. per head £48,000
Maintenance of 7,500 able-bodied on public
works, at 231.
172,500
Maintenance of 1,500 invalids, at 251.
Maintenance of 1,500 juveniles, at 201.

3,000

Total gross cost of 12,000 prisoners 278,000
Front this must be deducted the earnings of
12,020 prisoners, say at 121. per head 144,000

Total net cost to the country
Add net estimate for 1,200 females (p. 37) 19,200

Total net cost of 13,200 male and female prisoners 153,000
In the foregoing calculations it is assumed that a pro-
portion of the prisoners would be employed on public
works at Gibraltar, Bermuda, and Western Australia,
in the following proportions
Gibraltar and Bermuda 2,300
Western Australia 550

Total
Assuming an average period of imprisonment of three
years at each of these places, there would be an annual
relief of one of these numbers.
Average expense of passage to Bermuda and
Gibraltar, say 71. 10s. ; this for 800 prisoners
would amount to
Expense of voyage to Western Australia for
200 prisoners, at 951.
Total annual expense for transport of convicts
to Gibraltar, Bermuda, and Western Aus-
tralia, to be added to the maximum calcula-
tion _ _ _ 11,000

penal establishment in this country, for convicts con-
victea of the worst classes of crime, and for incorrigible
convicts, and if any are sent abroad, to make a selection
of the best and most deserving of the convicts, instead
of thevery worst.

In former times, when emigration was almost unheard
of, the being transported beyond the seas carried terror
into every gang of thieves in town or country; but my
own impression is that, looking to the main object of
punishment, which is to deter others from crime, this
end would be more effectually obtained by imprisonment
for a long series of years, or for life, in a convict prison
at home or in Bermuda or Gibraltar, than, as heretofore,
in a remote place like Norfolk Island, where a prisoner
and his fate are alike soon forgotten.
4. Cost of Erecting any additional Prison Accommoda-

tion.

With regard to the expense of providing any addi-
tional accommodation, so much depends on the facilities
for erecting buildings, the cost of transport of materials,
the expense of sites, &c., that I cannot venture to state
with any precision what would be the expense per cell,
on the plan of Portland ; but under favourable circum-
stances, and exclusive of the site and houses for the of-
ficers, the cost of a prison on that plan, with chapel and
all necessary offices, boundary walls, &c., would probably
not exceed 35Z. to 401. per head, especially if convict
labour could be applied in reduction of the expense, as
at Dartmoor.

As regards officers' quarters, a rent equal to 3 per
cent. on the outlay is paid on a proportion of them.
Houses are also furnished to the superior officers in
place of lodging money, to which they would otherwise
be entitled. Any outlay for these objects is not, there-
fore, capital entirely sunk, as in the case of prisons.
The expense of providing quarters for officers and
barracks proportioned to 1,000 prisoners might amount
to from 16,0001. to 20,0001., or be taken at about 161.
to 201. a man, averaged on the number of prisoners.
The total outlay for new prisons therefore might be as-
sumed at about 501. to 601. per head, subject to the
foregoing considerations ; and on these data the cost of
erecting the additional accommodation for prisoners on
the public works could be reckoned.
A certain proportion, say one-fourth or one-fifth, of
every additional 1,000 prisoners would, however, be in
separate confinement. If, therefore, additional prison
accommodation were required for them, the cost, in-
cluding officers' quarters, would be on a higher scale.
The calculation for 1,000 prisoners, exclusive of site,
might be taken at 71,2501. Equal to an annual charge
at 51 per cent. for liquidating principal and interest on
capital borrowed for the purpose, 3,9181.
5. PPobable Effect on !fix Annual Estimates of carrying
_ _