The Sun.
London, England, 1853-07-05 00:00:00

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and Geelo nd another to u e Mel-
and the golds of the interior, each at a
_.arantee of five per cent. on the capital advanced for a
Period of 21 years. We may remark, in passing, that
the town of Melbourne, which in 1851 contained 23,000
inhabitants, had increased by the end of 1852 to a popu•
lation of 80,000, an amount probably much kept down
by the impossibility of finding house accommodation,
and that the population of Geelong had increased in the
same period from 8,000 to 20,000. Of the prospects of
railways some estimate may be formed from the fact,
that the carriage of supplies to Bendigo and Mount
Alexander last year was at, the rate of 1/. per ton per
mile, and it is estimated that the cost of the carriage of •
supplies during the last Australian winter from Mel-
bourne to these two places would have defrayed the ex-
pense of constructing a railway. The fluctuation of
prices has been as extraordinary as the increase in wealth
and population. Hay is dearer, weight for weight, than
the best quality of flour, and oats are twice the price of
the best imported oatmeal. Cabbages are ls. 6d.
a-piece ; pears, lettuces, and turnips are 68. a-dozen ;
pot:itoes, 245. a hundredweight ; ducks, 12s. a-pair ;
geese and turkeys, 14s. each ; and this in a country
which until the discovery of gold had some claims to be
considered the cheapest in the world.
The account of this sudden and incredible prosperity
suggests a consideration as to the wants of the colony,
which parents and gnardians in England would do well
to bear in mind. What the country wants is neither cul-
tivated intelligence nor in-door employes ; the effort of
the colony is, and for many years will be, to bring the
amount of its fixed capital into some proportion with the
aggregate of its treasures. The inhabitants of Melbourne,
infinitely the richest town of its size in the world, are
worse lodged and cared for, is all matters of physi. at
comfort, than the denizens of the poorest and most
deeaycd cities of Spain or Germany. rt, ads they have
none, and the tracks which lead to the spots where
nature sousnders her treasure with so lavish a hard are •
difficult in summer, and barely passable in winter. What
they want is masons and carpenters to build them houses,
and " navvies" to make them docks and railroads. Till
these wants are supplied it is vain for young men of
talent and knowledge to seek their fortunes in a land want-
ing nothing which they have to give; and appreciating far
more highly the coarsest manual than the finest intellec-
tual labour. This is the tendency of every new country.
Physical material wants must be first supplied, and only
when men have gained leisure from the struggle will they
turn their minds to the cultivation of the intellect or the
taste. What cruelty can be greater, what misconcep-
tion more lamentable, what betrayal of a trust more re-
prAensible, than to send a boy from schcol or a student
tiorn college, with a few pounds in his pocket, to seek
his fortune in a land which wants nothing that he can
contribute, and will contribute nothing that he wants ?
To send such a person to Australia is in fact, to sentence
him to work on the roads at ten shillings a-day—good
pay, certainly, but a miserable avocation for one
brought up with the feelings and aspirations of a gentle-
, man.

Even with the goods which other countrie3 can con-
tribute Victoria has, as appears from the scale of pricee,
been but scantily supplied ; but there is a marked dis-
tinction between those things which she can procure from
abroad and those which she must, from necessity, pro-
duce for herself. Till this inequal►ty is reduced every-
body's mind will be absorbed in mere material progress.
The owrer of thousands who cannot get a house, until
he is released from the necessity of living in a tent or a
bark hut, will scarcely think of a tutor for his sons or a
governess for his daughters. We feel it right to couple
the account of thi3 unprecedented prosperity with this
warning, because we are well aware that e very ship
carries out to Australia its contribution of young men
and women destined to poverty and wretchedness from
a neglect of these very obvious considerations.

THE CAMP AT CHOBHAM COMMON.

Yesterday was the first Monday of the new regime,
under which it was positively asserted that both Mon-
days and Saturdays would be field days, yet the whole
of yesterday passed off at the camp in a very quiet,
if not a very dull manner. This, we believe, arose from
accidental causes, as up to Sunday afternoon a grand
field day was fully intended to take :place at Virginia
Water ; and the public we think may, therefore, con-
tinue to rely on the announcement which as a general
rule, and wind and weather permitting, fixes sham
battles for the first and last days of the week. As we
have said, we believe there was every intention of com-
mencing the operations at Virginia Water yesterday ;
and a party of Sappers and Miners were to have left the
camp at three a.m. yesterday morning, for the purpose
of pitching a tent near the pontoon bridge for the ac-
commodation of her Majesty and his Royal Highness
the Prince Consort, who were expected to honour the
review with their presence. But at a late hour on
Sunday night a messenger arrived at the camp from
Windsor countermanding the order for the erection of
the marquee on the following day, as her Majesty would
not be present. It was under these cirturnstances we
believe, that the review was postponed ; and, should
the operations be commenced to-tiny at the pontoon
bridge, they will only be in the nature of a rehearsal,
at which her Majesty will not be present. It is ex-
pected by all the officers that tb pontooning manoeuvres
will be one of the most bril;:isilt and warlike displays
4at has been attempted in 4 country for some years
OrFjpEs have beazgj,4All to commanding officers
f ibdi oe-fferent regiments to see- iliac the men multi) out
of step while crossing the pontoons, as it jr., thought
that the combined movement and weight t-ti so great a
number of soldiers crossing at once might be perilous to
the stability of such a fragile structure. The troops will
parade at nine to-day.

THE NEW HALL IN BUCKINGHAM PALACE.—Accord-
ing to the newspapers, the ceiling has been painted in
oil, and panelled with a great variety of geometrical
forms, and adorned with shields of arms, heraldic badges,
the insignia of the national orders of chivalry of the
three kingdoms, the badge of the Prince of Vales, and
the monogram of the Queen and Prince, with wreaths
of flowers and the varies mottoes interspersed. A large
oval occupies the centre of the ceiling, in which are the
shields of her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince
Albert, surrounded by a wreath of flowers. On the one
side is the golden harp of Ireland in a circle of deep blue,
and on the other the lion of Scotland. The stars of the
orders of the Garter and St. Andrew, with the rose,
shamrock, and thistle, on squares of vermilion, are
arranged so as to form the points of the geometrical
forms into which the ceiling is panelled by colour. The
architectural ornaments of the architrave, frieze, and
cornice, are also picked out with vermillion and white,
blue, gold and white, and green and white.—Builder.
THE COMMITTEE ON DOCKYARD APPOINTMENTS.—
Yesterday, the committee whose sittings were a short
time since so protrated relative to the appointments and
promotions in the different dockyards, and in which the
proceedings of the late Board of Admiralty were in-
volved, re-assembled, in pursuance of an order of the
house, to inquire into the circumstances connected with
the memorials and correspondence regarding the restora-
tion of Lieutenant Engledue by the late Board of Ad-
miralty to his former rank in the service. The com-
mittee consisted of Lord Seymour (chairman), Lord
Hotbam, Sir B. Hall, Sir F. Davie, and Mr. Beckett.
Admiral Berkeley, Captain Duncombe, M.P., Sir T.
Herbert, M.P., and several other witnesses, having been
examined respecting the circumstances of the transac-
tion, the committee adjourned to Tuesday next.
ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND. —The
following gentlemen, having undergone the necessary
examinations for the diploma of the college, were ad-
mitted members of the college, at a meeting of the
Court of Examiners, on Friday, the Ist instant :
Messrs. Samuel Argent, Hinckley, Leicestershire ;
William Hall Ryott, Thirsk, Yorkshire ; Ephraim
Matthews Cridge, Stoke, Devonport ; John Halliday,
Wakefield, Yorkshire ; John Henry. Gould, Broad-
street, Golden-square ; Arthur Henry Sankey, Dover ;
William Turner, Lancaster ; Northcote William Spicer,
Chard, Somerset ; Pete: Clark Kirkconnell, Dumfries ;
Thomas Chaplin, Lewes, Sussex ; Richard Burford
Searle, Bridport, Dorsetshire.
SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH FROM ORFORDNESS TO
HOLLAND.—The following order has been issued by the
Trinity House :—" Notice is hereby given that the sub-
marine cables from Orfordness to Holland, lay in a
direction E.S.E. from the Orfordness Light House,
with the light house on with Gedgrave high trees,
bearing W.N.W., and that it is desirable that vessels
should not anchor with those marks or bearings on, lest,
by so doing, they damage the electric cable, or lose their
own anchors. —By order, J. HERBERT, Secretary."

SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH BETWEEN THIS COUNTRY AND
AMERlCA.—Arrangements are far advanced towards
completion, for laying down a submarine telegraph be-
tween the United Kingdom and America. It is intended
to connect the two countries, or rather the Old and
New Worlds, by means of Galway and Halifax—these
being the two nearest points of communication. The
distance is about 1,600 miles. The perfect practicability
of the thing has been guaranteed under the hand of
nearly all the eminent engineers of the day, and various
parties have sent in estimates for the execution of the
work. These estimates vary from 800,0001. down to
300,0001., and it is a remarkable fact that some of the
lowest estimates have been sent in by some of the most
respectable firms in the country. When this extraordi-
nary project has been carried out, we shall be able in
half an hour to send messages from London to New
York, and receive messages from the United States in
about half an hour. And not, we ought to add, from
New York alone, but from the interior of America, the
electric telegraph being laid down for upwards of 2,000
miles up the country.
SUICIDE AT HUDDERSFIELD.—On Wednesday after-
noon last, as some colliers were going to work up the
road leading to the railway station, known as Cow-lane,
Hinley, near Huddersfield, they perceived a man lying,
as if sound asleep, in the corner of an elevated field ad-
joining. As he did not appear to move, an aged man,
named Simeon Oldfield, who was passing at the time,
was sent to awake him, and on arriving at the place
found him lying in a pool of blood, quite dead,
his throat having been cut in a very shocking man-
ner, evidently by a razor, which was found near
him. The colliers were anxious to get from the place
so as not to be mixed up with the matter, but the old
man prevailed upon them to stop near the body, and
went immediately for the constable. A cart having
been procured, the body was conveyed to the Jacob's
Well inn, where it was ilentified as that of William
Hanson, whose course of life has, we understand, for
some time back been dissolute and unhappy. He had
once before attempted to put an end to his existence.
The deceased was forty-one years of age. He has left a
wife and several children. An inquest before J. Dyson,
Esq., coroner, was held over the body on Friday,
when a verdict in accordance will: ti.-a circumstances
of the case was returned.