The Sun.
London, England, 1853-10-25 00:00:00

ADMIRALTY. OCT. 21

Corps of Royal Marines—Second Lieutenant Frederick
William Arthur Boyd, to be First Lieutenant, vice T. A.
M. D'V. Pennington, to half-pay.

COMMISSIONS SIGNED BY LOBD•LIEUTENANTS.

Coutny of Lancaster.—Sir Elkanah Armitage, Knt., to
be Deputy Lieutenant; Henry Lomax Gaskell, Esq., to
be Deputy Lieutenant, Oct. 19.
The Artillery Corps of the Royal Lancashire Militia—
Firat Lieutenant Charles Robert Crigan, to be Captain,
vice Ray, resigned, Oct. 20.
_ Tower Flamlets—King's Own Lightlnfantryßegiment of
MiliFrederick Dolly Gosling, Gent., to be Ensign.
1.-43xf°rdshire Regiment of Militia—Lieutenant William
enlYss Methven Dewar, to be Captain, vice Fane, re-
vsligeneesdh;l2lßir„c-n John James Ireland, to be, Lieutenant,
West 1(4.:5A,4 Oct. 19.
Gent., to be _ engiment of Militia—Re ell Fowell Sprye,
Gent., to be EEn signbOct. 19 ; John Summons Ramsay,
Royal South ct. 20.
SiCtlicester Light Infantry Regiment of
Militia—John Lea uent., to be Ensign, Oct. 22.
Joseph Matthews BANKRUPTS., grocer, Little
altham and of Great
Waltham, Essex,
two. Bell to surrender, Nov. 3, and Dec. 8, at
Linklaters,, official
Sise-lane. assignee, Coleman-street Buildings ;
William Brook, stuff merchant, Manchester, Nov. 9 and
13; at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Fraser,
official assignee, Manchester ; Sale,
Shipman, Manchester. Worthington, and
Stephen Crute, slater and plasterer, Liverpool, Nov. 14
and 28, at eleven, at the Liverpool District Court. Cue'
nove; official assignee, Liverpool ; Banner, Live "
George Bennet, licensed victualler, Birmingham, Nov.
' and 26, at ten, at the Birmingham District Court.
Bittleston, official assignee, Birmingham; Standbridge,
Birmingham.
George Gillard, boot and shoe salesman, Covent-garden
Nov. 5, at two, and Dec. 10, at half-past one, at the Court
of Bankruptcy. Nicholson, official assignee, Basinghall-
street ; Story, Great James-street.
Henry Braun, general agent, Old Fish-street-hill, Nov.
5, at eleven, and Dec. 10, at half-past 12, at the Court of
Bankruptcy. Nicholson, official assignee, Basinghall-streeet;
Parker, Moorgate-street.
Thomas Pye, sawyer, Manor-street Chelsea, Nov. 4 and
Dec. 19, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
official assignee, Aldermanbury; Miller and Horn,
William-street.
John Dawson, surgeon and apothecary, Tolleshunt
D'Arcy, Essex, Nov. 11, at half-past twelve, and:Dec.. 10-,
at half-past one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Nicholson
official assignee, Basipghall-street ; Stevens and
_Satchell t

Queen-street, Cheapside ; Banks and Stevens, Witham,
Essex.
Benjamin Nunnington Dodd, grocer, Hetton-le-Hole,
Nov. 7, at twelve, and Nov. 30, at one, at the Newcastle-
upon-Tyne District Court. Wakley, official assignee,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne ; A. J. and W, Moore, Sunderland.
Charles Sumpter Morris, ironmonger and gt 4 manufac-
turer, Soham, Cambridgeshire Nov. sat half-past eleven,
Dec. 10, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell,
official assignee, Basinghalbstreet ' • Storey, Featherstone-
baildings ; Tilled and Mendham, Norwich.

COURSE OF EXC:
Amsterdam ll 16 ,
Ditto, three months ll 174'
Rotterdam .... •• • • • • • 11 17%
Antwerp 25 30
Brussels •.
Flamburgh 13 6%
Altona
Paris..
Ditto, three months .. 25 39
Marseilles........ • • .... 25 32% I
Bourdeaux ............
Frankfort-on-Maine .... 119%
Berlin ................
Vienaa . ..... .......... it 25
Trieste 11 30
Petersbnrgh............ 37%
Madrid ...............• 50
Cadiz 5014
8arce10na........ ••• • • •
Seville • • • • —

'RANGE-THIS DAY.

431,fraltar .•••••• • • • • • • •
Leghorn 30 5
C4Cnoa. •••• • • • • ••.. 25 50
n
•• •• • • •• •• •• •• ••

'Venice ...............
Naples . 42
Palermo ...„ 15%
esslna •• • • 125%
Lisbon 53%
Oporto 534,
Rio Janeiro ............
Buenos Ayres .• • • • • • • • •
New York, 60 days' sight

Philadelphia .. •• • •
PRICES OF BULLION, PER OZ.
Foreign Gold in Bars Z 3 17 9
Portugal Gold Coin .. 0 0 0
ktexican Dollars .... 0 5 0
New Dollars ...• 00 0
silver in bars . 0 5 1%

PANAMA AND NICARAOUA _ROUTES ACROSS
THE ISTHMUS OF CENTRAL AMERICA.

Much misrepresentation has been industriously circu-
lated in the United States respecting the first of the
above routes. The opponents of the line from Chagres
to Panama have put forth a statement, and got it in-
serted in some of our contemporaries on this side of the
ocean, that the climate of Panama was found to be so
deadly to foreigners, especially those from a northern
climate, that few, compared with the number that died,
lived more than a few weeks when employed in the con-
struction of the railroad ; and parties interested in the
rival route are striving their utmost to deter working
men from going to Central America to complete the line
in question.

The importance of the short link which is to connect
the neck of land lying between the Gulfs of Darien and
Panama, will, we feel sure, be a sufficient apology for
giving here the facts of the case before referred to, as
detailed in a letter from the secretary of the Panama
Railway Company, dated the Bth of August last. Mr.
Spies, the secretary, writes :—" From the 31st of July,
1850, to the sth of August, 1853, there have been sent
to the Isthmus by this company, from various parts of
the United States (with the exception of 127 sent from
Jamaica), of all kinds, officers and men, as shown by
the register kept in the office, 3,352 persons in all. .Our
surgeons," he goes on to state, "are instructed to and
have reported monthly to this office a detailed state-
ment of all persons dying on the Isthmus while in the
employ of the company, and from the register kept in
this office wherein those reports are copied, up to the
Ist of July last (report for July not then received) the
number of deaths has been only 214, by which you will
perceive the per centage is only about 6 per cent. on
the whole number sent out, which result would cab: pare
favourably with any railroad built in any of the new
parts of the United States, could the accounts be kept
with the same accuracy."
Now, as Mr. Spies challenges the public to inspect the
register of deaths in the office of the Panama Railroad
Company in New York, we must leave the wholesale
denuciations of the Nicaraguaist to pass at their pro-
per credit ' • and as the Nicaragua route, so much puffed
off by the Times, is not all that heart can desire, it is
only necessary to mention that recently no less than 148
transmit passengers by this latter route signed a protest
against the inconveniences experienced by them, in
which said memorial the following passage occurs :
"On arriving at San Juan del Norte we found the
river boats totally unfitted for conveyance of pas-
sengers. We had to enter the river and lift the
boats over the bars and shallows. Provisions were
excessively dear, and the United States currency
passed at a depreciation of twenty per cent. We
had to tramp in the woods along the river bank on
several occa4ions, and being informed by the agents in
New York that we would pass through to the Pacific in
18 hours, our provisions were used up soon, as we did
not arrive there until six days had passed. Conse-
quently many of us suffered through privation of life's
necessaries ere we got abroad the screw-steamer Lewis,
making a period of eight days ere we were received upon
that boat, because she was not in port on arrival."
We have heard tales by travellers of the insalubrity
also of the Nicaragua route, but these we shall 'omit.—
Herald,

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.

QUARANTINE NOTICE.

MADEIRA, Oct. 10.—Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Liverpool,
and Southampton, are considered as suspected ports, and
vessels arriving aethis island will only be admitted to free
pratique, provided no deaths have occurred on the voyage,
or sickness prevailed on board after the expiration of eight
days from the time of their departure from any of these
suspected ports.

CUSTOM-HOUSE, OCT. 24.
ENTERED INWARDS.—The Coq, from Cherbourg ;
Mogadore ; Brilliant, St. Petersbargh ; Fifeshire,
Archangel; Express, Malaga ; Eline Christine, Naksker ;
Sophie, Aalborg; Konigsberg, Wifstra. Warf ; Charlotte
Jane, Adelaide ; Priscilla, Malaga ; Wave, Christiania ;
Jantina, Groningen ; Johannes, Riga ; Grosshorzogen,
Archangel ; Skalds, New York ; Louise, Dantzic ; Gem,
Riga ; Alida, Porto Rico ; Chorora, Cronstadt ; Hinda,
Neuf and Quebec ; Ellen, St. Petersburgh ; Rowena, Rio
Grande; Gilbert Munro, St. Lucia; Robin Gray, Bahia ;
Johanna, Lubea ; Marquis of Hastings, Honduras ; Three
Susans, Hamburgh ; Far West, Baltimore; Lebia, St.
Thomas's and Nassau; Canada, Quebec; James, Antigua;
Matta 1., Oporto ; Tyro, Smyrna ; Stadt Meppen, Oporto;
Richard Mount, Demerara ; Pearl, Cadiz ; Itssery, Wor-
cum ; Croveiro, Oporto ; Provesteen, Arendal ; Falcon,
Odessa ; Lady Ann, Stettin.
ENTERED OUTWARDS FOR LOADING.—The Barrack-
pore, for Port Philip ; Ayrshire, Aden ; Ariadne, Memel ;
Ann Jewitt, Antwerp ; Christine, Hamburgh ; Euterpe,
Melbourne ; Fingal, Launceston • Jane, Alderney • Scots-
man, Malta and Alexandria ; Tartar,'
Algoa Bay; Donna,
Malta ; Brilliant, Gothenburg; Balangreth, New Zea-
land ; Egypt, Demerara ; Wheatsheaf, Antwerp ; Sym-
metry, Ghent ; Sutcliffe, Antwerp.

CLEARED OUTWARDS WITH CARGO.—The Golden Land,
for Melbourne • Maria Kirstine, Copenhagen • Sylphida,
Stockholm ; President Van Buren, Odessa ; King Frede-
rick Carl, Knusburgh ; Truro, , Port Philip ; Planter, To-
bago • Billow Queen, Dunkirk; Stag, Cape of Good Hope
and Bombay ; American Congress, New York ; Jocelyn,
Sydney.

LIVERPOOL, OCT. 24.
The Isabella Peek has put back leaky, being struck by
a white squall on the 17th of October, lat. 50, long. 6, and
shipped a heavy sea, which carried away head-rails, broke
spritsailyard, stove skylight, half filled the cabin with
water, and started the vessel all about the channel plates.
The Mary, arrived from Baltimore, with seven of the
crew of the John Parry, Cardiff to Malta, lost at sea.
The William, arrived from Quebec, was in contact, Sept.
30, with the Isabella, and lost bowsprit, &c.
The Mary Catherine, Batavia to Falmouth, was spoken
Oct. 6, lat. 33 N., long. 38 W.
The Salama, Liverpool to Newfoundland, was spoken
Oct. 5, lat. 49 N., long. 33 W.

The Sellery from Quebec for this port, is ashore in Car-
digan Bay.

VESSELS SPOKEN WITH.

Her Majesty's brig Sybil, Sept. 14, lat. 49 N., long. 21
VP.

The Chancellor, Bombay to Liverpool.
A vessel, showing 2d dist. pendant, No. 8,076, Sept. 17,
lat. 13 N., long. 25 W.
The Stirlingshire, Valparaiso to Liverpool, Sept. 18,
lat. 14 N., long. 27 W.
The Mary Catharine, Batavia' to Falmouth, Oct. 6, lat.
33 N., long. 38 W. _ •

AUSTRALIAN .
MELBOURNE.-Arrived the Urania and Eu, previous to
July 24, from London ; United, Jupiter, Coquette, and
North Atlantic, from Liverpool ; Miles Barton, July 25,
from Liverpool ; 24th, from Liverpool ; Ida, 12th,
from Liverpool ; Ann Mary, 24th, from Calcutta • Lucy
C. Hale, 25th, from Boston ; Potomac, 9th, from Boston Sir Henry Hardinge, 9th, from London, and sailed, 22d, to
Sydney ; Ocean, 9th, from New York ; Rapid, 10th, from
Leith ; Sailors Friend, 10th, from the Cape ; Francis
Ridley, 10th, from London ; Pauline, from Dundee; Jes-
sore, from London ; Golden Age, from Adelaide Sand-
wich, from Liverpool ; Drover, from London ; Village
Belle, from Glasgow; Agnes Blackie, from Bristol; Sal-
sette, from London ; Rapid. from Greenock ; Bristol, from
London; Hungarian, from Boston; Cauneren, July 7, from
London ; Oregon, 6th, from New York ;iord Montgo-
mery, from Singapore; Thos. Worthington, 11th, from the
Capb ; Trent, 23rd, from Ceylon ; Dove and Clara, from
Glasgow ;. Coquette, from Liverpool ; Rostock, from Lon-
don; Ulrica, 24th, from Adelaide ; -Urania Stadt Radet Fahrens, from Grimsby; from Soura-
baya;
18th, from Southampton ; Plantagenet, 19th, from Lon-
don ; Stanhope, 7th, from London ; Albemarle 7th, from
London' and sailed to Sydney ; Maid of Alicante, Bth,
from London ; Maypo, 12th, from London; Ambrosia,
11th, from Leith • Susan, 4th, from Singapore ; • Richard,
sth, from Pernambuco ; C. Ferdinand, 6th, from Manilla ;
Martha, 6th, from Boston ; Abdallah, 16th, from Glasgow ;
Nancy, 16th, from London ; Lipitu, from Liverpool ;
Rostock. London ; Hyne, 15th, from China ;
Willing, from San Francisco • Sussex, from Hobart Town ;
Lioness, from Liverpool ; Julia, front Boston ; Rialto,
18th, from Adelaide ; Oscar I. and Harmony, from London;
Earl Dalhousie andßobert Clive, from Adelaide ; Swan,from
Liverpool and Cape ; Along-11in, 19th, frot Elsinore ; Alfred,
from China and Adelaide ; Elizabeth, 17th, from Dundee;
Lord Ashley, from London ' • Onni, front Liverpool ; Fire-
fly, from Boston ; Dundee, from Dundee ; Sandalia, from
Baltimore ; Harpley, from Southampton ; Gottland, from
London • Adonis, from Bordeaux ; Altster, from Ham-
burg; Castilian, from New York; Eden Lindsay and.
Grecian Queen, from London.

SAILED.-The Port Wallace, July 4, to London; Cybele
and Sisters, 6th, to Singapore ; Eugene, 7th, to Auckland ;
Wanderer, Bth, to Singapore ; Louisa, to Callao ; Royal
Shepherdess, 22d, to Adelaide ; Ida, to Callao ; Mooltan,
to Calcutta ; Crookbane, to Sydney ; Dockenlinden, to
Batavia ; John Knox, 24th, to Bombay 5 Frances Walker,
to Sydney.
GEELONG.—Arrived the Lady Bird, Cecilia, Nora, Gem,
about July 20 ; Euphemus, 20th, all froon London ; Hebe,
from Liverpool.

[ADVERTISEMENT.]--A LIEUTENP INT OF DRAGOONS
CURED OF RHEUMATISM BY HOLLOWAY'S OINTMENT
AND PILLS.—This officer, who is in the Dutch army,
states that Holloway's Pills and Ointment have cured
him of rheumatism, which appeared to be incurable, as
neither sea-bathing, vapour-baths, nor p-re ,parations vaunted
as sure remedies, did him any good, and. the treatment of
the doctor, after several months' trial, was without suc-
cess. At this juncture ho commenced. taking these Pillsj
and rubbing the Ointment into the complaining parts
twice a day, which effectually cured hi an in the course of
six weeks. The truth of this statementican be vouched for
by Mr. J.B. Stratman, of Bois.le-Duc. --Sold by all drug-
gists • and at Professor Holloway's e etablishment, 244,
atrand, Idoncion.

THE EASTERN QUESTION,

(From the Press.)

Wars, as Mr. Cobden astutely observes, arise
out of wars. By wars the great States of Europe,
swallowing the smaller, grew to those proportions
which were the object of mutual vigilance ; and,
this vigilance to prevent the predominance of any
one helping to promote the predominance of some
other, wars have bred wars in direct descent, but
in irregular succession.
No sooner had Europe been fairly secured from
an Austrian domination by the peace of Westpha-
lia, than the confinement thereby of Austria to
closer limits left room for au alarming expansion
of France, which was limited in turn by the peace
of Utrecht. To England, which imposed this lat-
ter restraint, was assigned a pre-eminence, which
for eighty years excited a general jealously.
Losses which she had sustained made the peace of
Paris in 1783 the platform of other rivalries, till
the empire of Napoleon electrified Europe. The
dissolution of this empire in 1815 was materially
aided by a deadly thrust from the lance of the
Cossack, and thenceforward the Cossack be-
came himself suspected ; and with reason.
His vaguest hopes of universal empire, en-
couraged by the fall of Poland, were corroborated
by the retreat from Moscow. From the bleeding
valour of Eylau and Friedland to the last prophetic
sigh of St. Helena, he has had a growing sanction
for his grand audacity ; and the boldest breed of
English statesmen have been warranted in their
resolution to commit their country to fresh wars if
it should become necessary to check his advance.
For be it remembered this advance in further-
ance of a traditional scheme is a fact which can be
measured out by dates. Established on the bor-
ders of the Black Sea in 1774 by the treaty of Kai-
nardji ; securing the Crimea in 1774 by the treaty
of Constantinople : acquiring by the treaty of
Bucharest in 1812 the banks of the Pruth and the
province of Bessarabia ; and appropriating the
delta of the Danube in 1829 by the treaty of Adria-
nople, the Cossack has crept on till he now threa-
tens the sovereign positions of the Sound and the
Dardanelles. We have shown that to him these
are the gates of empire, but they are also the gates
of Europe, and indispensable to her security.
Feebly garrisoned, they are thus beleaguered by
an enemy who combats alike by force and corrup-
tion ; who combines barbarous vigour and Oriental
fanaticism with science and discipline--Lthe Asiatic
fury with the Greek fire—who marshals numbers
we cannot estimate in approaches of which he
retains the secret, and who can await the oppor-
tunity, for which he watches' to strike home.
It is a truism to say that we cannot afford to
to doze or dawdle in the presence of this enemy.
The resources of the Russian empire, with its
growing population, are at the instant service of a
definite policy in the hands of a ruler of eminent
talents and of resolute will. His dominion, stretch-
ing from east to west, lowers over Europe like a
thundercloud ; and should he, instigated by our
presumptuous folly, surprise our gates in the hands
of their defenders, his dominion could no longer
be thrust back within limits, for it would be every-
where present, yet in no part 'accessible. Against
this catastrophe—against the permitted presenti-
ment even of an issue which might render it pos:
sible—all English statesmen of note, save one, have
striven ; but this one has pursued an opposite
course ; by tortuous methods has promoted a con-
genial scheme, and, rigid in his manner as he is
supple in his intentions, has deliberately removed
impediments from the path of the Czar.
To Lord Aberdeen attaches the life-long stigma
of a traitorous alacrity to second the designs of
Russia, but to the Coalition Ministry the disgrace
that in this last instance he has plotted, as it may
yet appear, with fatal maladroitness.
Almost every one has shared in the common pre-
sentiment that sooner or later the day would come
when Europe arid Russia must close in conflict. It
might not be till the next generation, or the next
century ; but every one save the gentle philoso-
phers of Manchester has been persuaded that it was
at some time or other inevitable. The date was in
a measnre at our own discretion, and by guarding
our opportunities of defence we could have inter-
cepted and retarded the occasion of attack. One
mode of accelerating this gigantic contest was by
evincing a craven anxiety for peace ; a second was
by creating impressions of a rupture between our-
selves and our natural allies ' • a third was by so
conducting an embryo dispute that the enemy was
neither deterred from advancing, nor when he had
partially advanced could recede with honour. The
Coalition, according to the formula, had its choice
of these courses, but, with a comprehensive fatuity,
it has adopted all three.
The first folly is confessed. "It is, indeed, to.
be feared," says the reputed organ of one of the
Ministers, " that an appearance of over anxiety
for peace on the part of the Western Powers
has been the means of working mischief by
leading the Emperor to suppose that he might
take advantage of this pacific disposition." Si-
multaneously we hear the echo of this admis-
sion at Moscow, where the Metropolitan con-
gratulates the Czar on " the timid fears that
have," in consequence of his attitude, " spread
through the states inhabited by " other peo-
ples." The second folly is that to which we
have at other times alluded—the folly of Sir
Charles Wood after, and Sir James Graham be-
fore, he had dined, in which folly Mr. Gladstone
has just participated by cheapening our Turkish
allies in exchange for the cheers of Manchester.
The third and crowning folly—of permitted occu-
pation of the provinces, and of negotiations framed
to elicit a compromising statement of her claims by
Russia—is consummated, if, as we hear, Russia
will not recede because she has been forced into a
position from which she can no longer recede with-
out humiliation.

Assuming that this intelligence will rule the
issue, the war then which is at our gates, with its
overwhelming responsibilities—its certain perils and
inscrutable future—is a war into which we have
helplessly blundered. We could not have said, "we
will never wage it," but we could have avoided it at
a date when almost all the states of Europe had just
bowed to the blast of anarchy. United Europe
might have sustained it fearlessly. But at this
moment, if we have a single ally at our side, it
is in spite of efforts from the Premier downwards
by suspicion or sarcasm to provoke his hostility.
If war must come, it is not only the lot of English-
men that we owe that war—subject to the predi-
lections of Lord Aberdeen—to the cross purposes
and contracted action of a Coalition Cabinet, but
that we must meet it with the interests on our side
dissevered, with empires at variance, and nations
distracted by class antipathies and bloody souve-
nirs. The apprehensions which paralyse the nerves
of Ministers, and dictate their apologies, are their
heaviest condemnation. Courage and clear pur-
pose could have saved all. But the tremors to
which our rulers have yielded will not be so much
justified as punished, if the gleam of hostile watch-
fires should prove a revolutionary beacon, and the
foe without should be answered by internal con-
flagration.

BEWARE OF THE SPRING OF 1854.

TO THE EDITOR OF HE SUN.

SlR,—The period has now arrived, to which I
stated, in a letter two months ago, inerted in
your columns, the negotiations wott d be prolonged.
My statement was made with perfect assurance—
an assurance justified by the result. I then said
that negotiations would be prolonged till the latter
end of October, when military operations would
cease to be practicable. The negotiations have
been so prolonged, and at this very point have
been intercepted by the incident of a declaration
of war which can have no practical effect. It must
surely be evident to the least attentive mind that
the parts were all distributed from the beginning.
Let us reduce the matter to its simple expres-
sion. Five months of negotiation, commencing
with the rejection of the demands of Russia by the
Four powers, close with the enforcing of the de-
mands of Russia by the Four Powers. During
their course, the provinces of Turkey have been
invaded and occupied, and a people reduced to
subjection who are Christians, not Turks, under
the plea of claims in reference to the mode of wor-
ship, and the Holy Sepulchre.
Now, Sir, besides the accomplished prognostica-
tion to which I have referred, I have ventured
upon another at an earlier period, the fulfilment
of which is yet to come. I have said, and re-
peated in 1851, in 1852, and again in 1853, " Oc-
cupation in the Autumn, revolution in the Spring."
My meaning was this, that Russia would make a
pretext for entering the Principalities, so as to
establish herself before the winter, having had to
make arrangements for revolutionising Turkey and
Europe. The year was uncertain, but not the
seasons. On the passage of the Pruth,, in July,
1353, I said, " Now let Europe beware of the
spring of 1854."
I do not hesitate to declare that I am myself
conversant with the steps now actually taking for
this revolution. I will go even the length of stat-
ing that I have been consulted in reference to it.
This question has been put to me, " Shall we
assume, in reference to Russia, an offensive or
defensive attitude ?" I have answered in the
words with which I replied to the Hungarians in.
1848—" Your revolution has too powerful a pro-
tector, and too judicious an adviser in the Czar,
for you to apply elsewhere." And, seeing that in
every Cabinet Russia has had her agent, I use the
words of M. Kossuth, it is stretching no probabi-
lity to assert, that she has them in every con-
spiracy.
Let me, Sir, through your indulgence, therefore,