The Sun.
London, England, 1853-07-13 00:00:00

COAST DEFENCES OF THE COUNTRY.

A lecture was delivered last night, at the United Siff
vice Institution, Whitekall-yard, by W. H. Smith, EA::
C.E. on a new principle of construction of harbolw
and light-houses. The present suggestion is the 60;
blishment of them in front of the Goodwin Sands ; bit
their application is quite general. The lecturer luciev
explained his views to the satisfaction of a highly
_Arr
spectable meeting, presided over by the Earl of Ra'''
stock. The leading feature of the new theory is the rr
placement of stone and other harbours, and light-house/
which resist the force of the waves by their weight at
cohesion, which will not yield an ell, by comparativeVi
light wooden fabrics resting on iron beds, firmly screwed
to the sea's bottom, and held in their places by mell:
cables, weighted in such a way that, to the violent rue.:
of a wave, they yield and then return to their places a'
obenience to the laws of gravitation, aided by the re;
bound. The notion of such structures standing the vie'
lence which could tear clown the grandest and best CO
structed stone work, may seem strange to the superfieiz'''ci
It is nature's law : " The reed in storm may bend an
quiver, then rise again ; the tree must fall."
A good idea would be formed of the arrangement, 131
fancying a swinging-pole, having its fixing ropes er
tended, and a weight attached to the centre of each, r„
that it just rests on the ground, any force acting on the
pole draws up the weight, which keeps pulling it again
to its erect position. Such would be the lighthouse, and
the harbour would be enclosed by a wooden wall OP;
ported similarly. This method is capable of being applied
in deep seas—a harbour may he formed anywhere, and
in three months—two circumstances of no small moment'
Such harbours would not silt up as all harbours have
hitherto done. But we must no+, in our limited spaee,.
attempt to describe all the advantages of the system, °
carried out successfully, as the author proposes, nor the
many beautiful details which have been conceived for
the adaptation and completion of them. The plan 130
obtained the approbation of our Admiralty authorities ;
but the British Treasury treats it as it has always treated
every good thing.
Too much praise could not be bestowed on the author
of this conception, and it is to be hoped that the result
may reward his ingenuity and industry, as he seems to
have reason to expect ; for the British Treasury Lord°
are not the only men to whom he can appeal. No argil',
ments are needed to enforce the importance of improved
harbours of refuge, as well as of defence. Five hull'
dred vessels were wrecked in twelve months on the
Goodwin Sands alone. 2,000,000/, were lost in the
' Christmas week, and all mariners cry for increased
accommodation. Several inquiries were made by the
scientific gentlemen present, and to all of them most
satisfactory replies were made. Among those of this
class who seemed to take a peculiar interest in the prio"
ciple, and the future applicability of it, were Captain
Swyne, R.N., and Mr. J. G. B. Marshall, B.A. C.
of Westminster. The noble president,
seconded 131
Captain Swyne, thanked the able lecturer for his very
interesting statements and explanations, and the audience
separated.

CHAFING-CROSS HOSPITAL.—The annual general meet'
.ng of the governors of this charity was yesterday after-
noon
held in the board-room of the institution ; the Rev-
Mr. Hull in the chair. The report stated that in the
course of last year 16,286 indigent sick persons bad
been admitted on the books for relief, at a cost of
2,5531. 48. Ofd., and that of these, 1,282 had been in-
patients, and 15,204 out-patients, many of whom had
been 'visited at their own homes, and the greater
part restored to the blessings of health, and to their
occupations for the support of their families. The
committee, while respect fully soliciting the affluent for
their support to so meritorious a charity, thankfully
acknowledged the kind contributions to the hospital
during the past year, and also the liberal dona-
tions to the fund for the completion of the building,
and the fitting-up of four additional wards for children--
an addition which will supply 50 additional beds, and
enable the hospital to receive between 400 and 500 more
in-patients than heretofore ; and recorded the following
legacies—from the late T. Croft, Esq., one of 400/. ;
from the late Mesdames Hatch and Harris, and the late
Miss Harris, three of 2001. each ; and from the late MieB
Gauntlett, one of 20/. They also gratefully thanked her
Majesty the Queen, and the clubs in the neighbourhood,
for a supply of old linen. Of the cases relieved they re-
marked that 2,428 of them bad been cases of accident and
sudden injury, of which 324 had been of an extremely
dangerous character. It appeared from the financial
statement that 1,308/. had been expended in the pur-
chase of stock. The report was unanimously adopted ;
and some other routine business having been transacted,
the proceedings terminated.with a vote of thatilcs to the
chairman,

THE SUN, LONDO.
, SHARE MARKETS.--(THIS DAY.) LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS.
fMON. trtirb Mbition BRITISH RAILWAYS. Bbr. Paid RAILWAYS. Leasing Closing Prices Business
Compans. Yesterday. this day.
encamped
)arade the Shr. Paid. RAILWAYS. Closing Prices Business done —-- ..—.....,_.—
amp of the LIVERPOOL RACES Yesterday. this day.
• --------_ St. 100 Buckghamsh.rL. &N.W. 106 —lOB
50 all ClydesdaleJe. CaMon... 54 —56
a position
THIS DAY. St. 100 E. Lincoln. gr.
illiant eve- St.loo Aberdeen 26 261 s 6 p. cent Gt.Northn 150 152
under the
20 8i Ambg. Nottng. Bost. 25 all Glstr.&Dn.Fr. ElClVestn 133 —34
)ambridge, CROXTETH STAKES. and Eastn. Junct... 5i Si Si 100 all Hrtlpl. Dk. & Yk. New.
when the Longbow
... . .
Eustace de Gray 2 Stour Valley 9i 10,1 50 all Hull & Selby. Y.&N.Md. 112 114
31 28 Birkenhd. Lancsh. & 25 all Do. 4 Shares. Do 56 57
the
Two ran. Won in a canter. Cheshire Junct 9 7 dia I%' all Do. 1 Shares. Do 274 284
ion of
t day Pre'
PRODUCE STAKES. 274 all Do. Chesil. & Birk., 12 all Lon.&Greenw S.Eastern. 141 —14 i
173 druni. Sortie
2 22 184 £20..... ...... ... 34 —24 20 all Do .Preference Do
St. 100 Lowestoft gr. 26 27
On dutY Alembie
lILLI ers and St. 100 Caledonian 674 68 674 st. 100 Do. 6 per ct. Do — _
Four ran.
-7 officere, 50 all Chester & Holyhead. 22 213 211 2 N, all Nlaneh.Bxton. Ln.&N.W.
d file, and MERSEY STAKES. 50 all Cork and Bandon... 211 —22 i Matlock & Midld. 3 31
1 without Barrel ...........................................................1 20 all Cork, Black, & Pass. —— —: 50 all Middlesbro' & Stekton &
:ctive, 101 Stiletto
EX) all Midld.Bradfd Midland... 106 - 108
..—._._....___
yesterdg MONEY MARKET AND COMMERCIAL 25 deep Junction B— 9 50 all Northern and
Easternsp.c. E. Count.. 65 67
n an open INTELLIGENCE—(THIS DAY.) all Do. New ... ...
50 all Do. 6 per et.. Do
25 all East Anglian 5l- 5i
;rhted firs 50 all Do.Fixedsp.c Do ... .. ... ...
---a--- 18 all Do , £lB E & 11)..., 3i 4
rwards re' CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. 20 all Eastern. Counties 1213 121 121 1 25 all Prest. &Wyre L. &IS . 'W.
airy (lunr The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were 25 all Eastern Union, Class &Lu& Yk ... ...
i' encamp estimated at 6,000 bales, of which 1,500 Americanl24 11.3 Do. i Shares. Do — ...
mrs of the 25 8
Do.,A.hdttoe E. U. 5h.... 111 111 111
St. 100 Roystn.&Hit. Gt.Northn 150 152
were taken for export. The market was steady... ...
Highness 25 all Do., B. and C 8- - BA. 81 St. 100 Do.Shepth.St. Do l5O 152
but firm. The sales comprised 5,000 Anierican, 25 18 Shef. Roth. & Lancash.&
vards—the St. 100 East Lancashire 714 724
130 Pernam and Maranham at 6.12 d. to ncl. ; 100 Goole g. 5. p. c Yorksh .. .. - ...
)ur of in' East &West Incl. Dk.
,his tent
Bahia at 61d. ; 100 Egyptian at qd. to 8:Id., and 50 all & Binning. June 5O M 12 94 S. Staffordsh.. MO/Clean 11 1 d
o his ten" 300 Surat at 3id. to 4id. per lb. Railway Shares 50 all WearValleygr Stockt. &
inutely if' were quiet but firm. St. 100 Edinburgh& Glasgow 70 —72
10 1?, Edinb. and Peebles —
-- k per cent ... Darling . ... ...
Do 32 33
thanking The particulars of the Indigo sales which com- St. 100 Edin. Prth. & Dundee 2925 all D6o
St. 100 Wilts&Somrst Gt.Westn. 105 106
meneed yesterday, are thus given by Messrs. St. 100 Glasgow&S. Western
,1...: i 6
854 5
lented hi_,in'
insneetv': H. w. Jewesbury and Co. St. 100 Great Northern Stk. 60
St. 1100 Do.. A. Stock _s3
.55
1,T1,170

yesterdg
n an open
eited first
rwards re'
airy gunr
encamp
;ers of the
Highness
vards—the
)ur of The
ises.
L) his ten"
inutely in'
thanking
lented bin;
inspected
lards, and
sented the
is respect°
Taiting
regiment'
less drove
[siting th°
and r 6"
amid the

~ INDIGO.—The quarterly sales of Indigo commenced
this day, consistinr, of 13,267 chests (including 5,232
chests of old goods,' bought in at, or withdrawn from,
former sales, and 1,910 chests in second hands), com-
prising the following. viz.:—
" Catalogue A, 7,779 chests Bengal, Oude, &c.
,9 1,152 „ Madras.
f, 1,924 „ Kurpah.
PP 38 ~ Belniapatam.
~
75 „ Calcutta, Fig.
~
5 „ Madras, Fig.
, , 2 „ Pondecherry.
~ 363 „ withdrawn to 11th inst.
2 3 19 lots warehouse sweepings.

100
100
100
100
100 ,
100
100

East Lancashire
East & West Ind. Dk
& Binning. June
Edinburgh & Glasgow
Edinb. and Peebles
Edin. Prth. &Dundee
Glasgow& S. Western
Great Northern Stk.
Do., A. Stock
JDo. , B. Stock ....... .
Gt. Sth. &West.(lre.)
Great Western
Irish South-Eastern
Lancaster & Carlisle
Do., Thirds
Lancash. andYorksh
Do., Fifths
D 3., WBt. Riding Un
Leeds Northern
Liv. Crsby.&Southpt
London & Blackwall
Lord. Tilb. &Sthend.
Lond. Bright & S.Cst.
Loud. and N. Westn.
Do. Fifths
Do.lo/. Sh., M&8...0
London andS. Westn.
Do., £5O
Do., £4O
Lnndrry& Col eraine
Lndndrry. & Ennisk.
Manch.Shef.& Lincln
Do., Man. & Lin. Un
Midland

85 S 6
53 55
,134 -- 136
'lO7 -- 109
88i -- 894
7A -- 7i
97 -- 102
16A -- 17Ap
76i -- 77
-- 4id
3 3Ad
14A - 15
-

pm
76i i
11

all
all
all
all
all
13.5
24i

onsequet
norroW :'.

; (10 COro'
and pF°'
y to Noe

9
103 104&
1144 1151
2p
1 --lip
89 90
54 40
44 —34 d
11 13
18 20
28 - 294
70 714
40 42

1044
114 I

11,357 chests.

wards Wit
rracks

ight 031'
', and po°
Waterlo°

" Catalogue B, 1,910 „ various, in second hands.

[larch fro°
the Sauer
,he Tower'
h to W°l‘'
Railo4

"Total... 13,267 y,
The qualities of Bengal are about one-third good and
fine, and two-thirds mid, and ord. ; the Madras, one-
fourth good and fine, and three-fourths mid. and ord. ;
the Kurpah, one-third good and fine, and two-thirds
mid. and ord. ; Beinlapatam, mid. and ord. The sales
opened with a parcel of good Bengal, which sold with
considerable spirit at last May rate, to 2d. per lb.
higher ; subsequently a parcel of J. and R. W. was
Mostly bought in from 4s. 6d. to 6s. 10d., being fully
6d. to Bd. per lb. advance upon previous prices.
Madras of ordinary quality ruled 2d. to 3d. per lb.
under last sales, a few chests of mid, quality selling at
Par. For Kurpah prices were about equal to May
rates, for the inferior sorts ; the better qualities realised
about 2d. per lb. advance. There was only a moderate
attendance of buyers, both home and foreign. 1,256
chests have passed to-day, of which 374 were with-
drawn, 215 bought in, and 667 sold. The following are
the highest and lowest prices :
__ _

larch frets
the South'
vies of thvi
thence 1/1

larch fro°
the GO.,

'arch fr°l:llt
the Gre".;
my of tilt
thence 14

580 Bengal 3s. 9d. to 6s. 10d. per lb.
145 Madras is. 6d. to 3s. 4d. „
157 Kurpah 2s. sd. to ss. id. „
374 withdrawn.

Agna Fria .......
Anglo Californian
Australasian
Australian
Australian Cordillera
Australian Freehold
Ave Maria
Baden (Gd. Duchy of)
British Austria. Gold
British Iron

Brazilianlmp. (issued
at £5 pm
Do. Cocaes & Cuiada
Do. St. John Del Rey
Carsons's Creek
Cobre Copper
Colonial Gold
Copiapo
Copper Min. of Eng
Do. Pref. 7 p. cent
English and Austin
Copper Smeltg. Co
General
Great Nugget Vein
Great Polgooth .
Lake Bathurst
Liberty
Lond.&Californ.Gold
Quartz Crush. Co
Mariquita
Mexican&S.Americn.
Now Granada
Nouveau Monde
Port Philip
Quartz Rock
Rhymney Iron
Do. New
Santiago de Cuba
South Australian
Tin Croft .. .
United Mexican
Waller
West Granada
West Mariposa
Yuba

1/ lip
P
d par
-3/
d par
d
d
A d par
I d
7 9

30
20
1
40

4 f
34 35
d

50
40
25
25

larch frls
the Sot
ondon O'll

812 s

6i
25
50
20

20
20
10
St.

1,256 chests."

orriparl
d proco,
,smouth•

iht c°lsl;
lwgay fr°'
the camp;
?.ight COOO
Tway fr%
the camp
ight e 013;
Tway fr°
ie ean3P%,
travel w;
Wincls°4

The public sales of wool commence to-morrow,
kid there will be from 50,000 to 60,000 bales
offered.
The latest Sydney papers received here are much
occupied with the news received out, of the furor
ill the Australian Share Market, and especially
with the disposition to take shares in companies
founded upon no legitimate basis, as in the case
Which had come before the colonial tribunals
where the parties selling the land were deservedly
condemned to make restitution. The purchase of
Shares in London at a high premium when the
same could be bought in Sydney at a discount, was
also a matter of surprise, but the crowning theme
was the rise in the Australian Agricultural Com-
pany's Shares. It is remarked that such a sudden
inflation is calculated to bring discredit upon the
colony, because circumstances do not warrant it,
and the purchase of the Peel River estate for half
a million sterling is viewed with a feeling which
shows how little the Sydney journalists anticipate a
return upon the capital invested. In the tone of
these reflections most impartial men will concur,
and they bear in no way against the conclusion
that undertakings projected in England for mining
purposes, started with a fair capital, and not
aught out at, or run up to fictitious premiums,
realpay well, and under prudent management
ise all expectation.
The accounts from abroad are as indefinite as
ever concerning the probable turn in political
affairs, but in the latest letters from Constanti-
nople there is a denial that M. de Bruck has
demanded the payment of any amount due or
fledged to be due by Turkey.
At the annual meeting of the Union Bank of
1140,i-idol' this day, a dividend of 4 per cent. for the
Toe Year, or 8 per cent. per annum was declared.
1,4° net profits of the year were 42,8111. 13s. 4d.
Theil unappropriated surplus was 10,594/.
c reserve fund was 50,000/. After a brief dis-
-11:3P,,j0u the report was adopted.
aft'errt.e. rates for bills of exchange were yesterday
at 2ttc'eu rather lower. Paris, 90 days, was taken
1ia,,:221 to 271 ; Amsterdam, at 11.18 to 18i ;
li at 13 6/ to 71 • and Trieste, at 11.4
to 11.8. rgh, • ,
~1111 e English funds have been lower, and the un-
11'alotY under which our Government appears to
fur as to the intentions of Russia, has led to a few
has It is reported also that the Bank of England
"as sold in order to lend the proceeds to Govern-
ktent for the payment of the dividends. This,
iowever is somewhat doubtful. Consols have been
„It to 98 for transfer and account. The IN ew
Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents. bring 1001 to
101 k, and the Three per Cents. 98i- /. Exchequer
.13i118 are ls. discount to 2s. premium, money being
in more demand.

St.
St.
St.
St.

fk
3mpanie
(21 GOP°
Four cool'
The ster

13J
20
20
50

50
20
20
25
25

ioo
42

100
100
47.6 j
176
all
100

4il
17
7J)
alri

al'l7l
10
100

!100
100
100
100

*travel bi
Windt°

Do. Birmng. & Derby
Midld. G. West. (Ire.)
Do. Half Shares
Newcastle & Carlisle
Newmarket
Do., Bury Extension
Nwpt.Aberg. &Hrfd
Newry & Enniskillen
Newry Warrenpoint
and Rostrevor
Norfolk
Northn.Counties Un
North British
North Devon, No. 1
Do., No. 2
Do., A Deferred
Do., l B Guaranteed
North Staffordshire
North Western
N. & S. Westrn. June
Oxford, Worcester, &
Wolverhampton
Scottish Central

IScottishMidland..

Shrewsbury & Birmg.
Do. L. & N. Western
Guaranteed Stock
Shrewsby. & Herefd
Shrewsby. & Chester
(N. W. Min.)
Do. Halves, do
Do. Oswestry
Shropshire Union
South Devon
South Eastern
South Wales
S. Yrksh. & Riv. Dun

... - ...

anies)
Tway fr°

) will tif,
;mouth v•

Do..
Stockton & Hartlepl.
Thames Haven Dock
and Railway
Vale of Neath...
Waterfd. & Kilkenny
Waterford&Limerick
West Cornwall.
Wimbledn & Croydon
York Newctl.&Berw.
Do. Extensions
Do. G.N.E. Purchase
;York & N. Midland ,

nies),
alerlac'
3e corDP,s'
Bastel"
e Sout,ll;
ice to 0"
11
ill math
the
;ulatecivi

re at ale
Hussw.

R Y.

53 - 56
4 i s
i -- -- 3

kited Set'
ith,
harbour'
the estA:
ads ' • buh,"
luciclv
iighly re'
of lead
is the
Lt-housed
tight au
arativeq
screw&
by met
fent rus,'
places 10
y the I:e'
• the vi°'
best coo'
Perficial;
)end au

20
20
50
20
10

8 9
50 52
33 ... 34d

.d
0 4d
8 8t

- - -pi

48i - 491
92 - 94
58 - 62
55 - 60

65 70
11 id
1
9,
199
13 14
3 —34 d
19 21
70 70
35i 364
12 13

23 25
2
144/ — 15
gi 9
30 32
104
. .
684 —69 i
2i 2sd
58i - 594

21s.
100
20
14
100

28/
701 i i

33i

100
110000
6
100
100

lent, 131
.opes
each, 0°
g on ti!°
it agalljA
use, 8'0"
all sur
loin cot,
rs bay°
I spacei.
stem, I
nor the
ived for
)lan bag
()rides ;
treated

Foreign Securities have been flatter, but with
very little doing. Spanish New Deferred Bonds
have been 224. Mexican Stock has receded to
,26-g. Peruvian Four-and-a-Half per Cents. have
New
done at 83. Equador Bonds are at si. The
'n'levf Brazilian Four-and-a-Half per Cents. are
uBi 1. Nothing has been done in Russian Secu-
rities. Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. are
maintained at 64k. The Swedish Loan is slightly
lower being / premium.
Railway Shares a shade lower, but still with very
little business doing, except preparatory to the
settlement. French Shares have been weaker also.
The Gold Mines have been depressed, and also
the Land Companies.

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities Business done.
3 per Ceut. Consols Annuities . 9,1871 8 Fra
New 3.} per Cent. Annuities .......... ...
..... l-01. 1001 4
Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan" 1860 5 1 Ditto 30 Years, Expire sth. Jan., 1860.. 5 3-16 15-16
India Bonds, £lOOO ................... .. 2792-16
South Sea Stock ............................. 1151
Consols for Account 97/ g 7
Exchequer Bills, id.
£IOOO
£5OO Par 2P ld p
Small par 2 pld
PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK,
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent
Ditto New, 1852, 4i per Cent
26
Equador Bonds -
Mexican 3 per Cent.
83
Peruvian Bonds, 4i per Cent.
i
Sardinian Bonds, 5 per Cent
Spanish New Deferred, 3 per Cent 22A a x d
Swedish Loan ......
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Austrian Bonds 5 per Cent. 10 Cu. £ B6i
Dutch Exchange, 2l per Cent.
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates......., 96,

author
) result

68 9

1071

1121 lli

30
1
10
28i
1

25
100
100
20

100
20
10
50

1.06

St.
20
5
St.

100
100
100
100
all
100

and
ely
:ial.
tir-
d ;

HALF•PAST TWO.
Consols for Opening 19th July... 9711 8 x d

MARTRT NEWS-(THIS DAY.)

CORN EXCHANGE.
Notwithstanding that the supply of English wheat on
fifer in to-day's market was very moderate, the demand
for all kinds was in a sluggish state, at Monday's prices.
For forward delivery next to nothing was doing.
The imports of foreign wheat have amounted to 5,450
quarters. The trade was very inactive, but we have no
change to notice in the quotations. Floating cargoes were
is per quarter lower than last week.
No English barley at market, and the show of foreign
was only moderate. The trade was firm, at full currencies.
Malt commanded a steady inquiry, at late figures.
We had a good demand for oats, at fully Monday's im
provement in value.
Beans, peas, and flour sold on former terms.
AILEIVALS TEM WEBB.
Wheat. I I Barley. Malt.
1,190 2,330

English
Irish ....
Foreign ..

Oats. Flour.
1,140 1,370
1,600
3,390

5,-450 I 5,130

WHITECHAPEL.
The general demand ruled firm at this market today,
4at drooping currencies. Beef, 2s 6d to 3s 10d ; mutton,
s4d to 4s 8d ; lamb, 4s 8d to 5s 10d ; veal, 3s 6d to
8d ; pork, 3.4 Od to 4s Od per 81bs by the carcase.

BOROUGH HOP.
The business doing in our market is by no means wen
Ve, yet prices are well supported.

105

3a i

1174

1121

10 i

50
50
2
100

25
all
2A
10
all

JOINT-STOI

Australasia

British Colonial Bank
and Loan Company
British N. American
Chrtd. Bnk.of India,
Austral., and China
Chrtd. Bnk. of Asia
Colonial
Commercial of Lond
English Scottish and
Australian Chrtd
London Chrtd. Bnk
of Australia
London and County
London Joint Stock
Lond.andWestminst
National Provincial
of England
Do. New
National of Ireland
Oriental Bank Cor
poration

Provincial of Ireland
Do. New

Royal Australia. Bkg,
and Gold Imp. Co
South Australia
Union of Australia
Do. New
Union of London
Union of Madrid

MISCELL,

10* —11 p
60 70
7 8p
2 1* d
15 17
1 p
1— 1 d
d
d p
d— par
7 8
par— * p
1 p
d— par
d par,
26 28
7 9
4 5
d— par

31
id- p
par-- p
d
r d

BANKS.

80 81 a 12b

i - 1
i - i

id— 4n
11 li

49 - BO

i d— par
16 48
78 79
si 8i

EOUS.

Aubin Coal and Iron
Australian Agricult.
Auatralsn.Peific.Mail
Australn. Royal Mail
Brit. American Land
Brit. & Coln. Smeltg.
and Reduction Co
Canada Company
Crystal Palace
Crystal Pal. of France
Eastern Steam
Electric Tel. of Irel
Gen. Steam Navigat
General Screw Steam
Irish Beetroot Sugar
Magdalena St. Navig.
Nat. Pt. Steam Fuel
Netherlands Land
N. B. Australasian
Nrth.of Europe Steam
7eel Rr. Ld. & Minrl.
Peninsular d; Oriental
Do. do.
Portland Iron Co
Royal Mail Steam
Scot. Austral. Invest
Do. New Scrip
South Austral. Land
Submarine Telegraph
Van Diemen's Land

G 8 .1: 70

'ea 6

68 - 70
2 - 3p
-- 1P

1 d.:: fail

x bonus

a d & bonus

-ii -= 2'pl

-it :- 2

40 ::: 42

--

6

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY.)

LONDON, July 13.—Wind this day at Noon, S.E. ; light
breeze, and cloudy. The barometer is slightly falling.
DEAL, July 12.—Wind, W. by S. Arrived—Patriot,
Quebec, for Scarborough ; Golden Rule, Bermuda.—July
13. Arrived from the River, and sailed—John Law-
son, Hobart Town ; Cato, St. Vincent. Sailed—The
outward bound. _

PORTSMOUTH, July 12.—Wind, W. Sailed—South-
ampton, New York.
SOUTHAMPTON, July 12.—Arrived— Henry Duncan,
Quebec.
PLYMOUTH, July 12.—Wind, S.W. Sailed—Sperma-
ceti, Quebec.
BRISTOL, July 12.—The Hoffnung, of Carlshamn, was
abandoned near the Land's End, 7th inst., after being in
contact with the Josephine, from London ; crew saved,
and landed here by the latter vessel.
FALMOUTH, July 12.—Wind, W. The Temperance,
Charleston, for Liverpool ; and the Emma, Dublin, for
Newcastle, have both put in here with damage, having
been in contact.

STOCKTON, July 12.—Wind, E. Arrived—Queen, Mi-
ramichi.

GLOUCESTER, July 12.—Arrived—Sophia, Quobes ; Don,
do. Sailed—John William, Quebec.

PWLLHELL, July 12.—Wind, S.W. Arrived—Robert
Burns, Quebec.
QUEENSTOWN, July 11.—Wind, variable. Sailed—
Breeze, New York. Off Port—Singapore, Mauritius ;
Elizabeth, St. John's, Newfoundland.
LIMERICK, July 11.—Wind, W. Arrived—Jane Black,
Quebec.
SLIGO, Julyll.—Wind, W. Arrived—lndustry, Quebec.

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 13, 1858.

THE NEW CAB LAW.

Yesterday, at Bow-street, Mr. John Bigg, fruiterer,
of Covent-garden market, applied for a summon under
the New Hackney Carriages Act, with the view of test-
ing the clause relative to the conveyance of luggage.
The applicant, holding up a fine specimen pine-apple
in his hand, stated for a long time past he had been ac-
customed to employ cabs for the purpose of conveying
fruit of that description from the house of Messrs. Keel-
ing and Hunt, fruit brokers, in Monument-yard, to his
own premises in Covent-garden market. For this accom-
modation he invariably paid 25., which rather ex-
ceeded the fare, even under the old act. On Mon-
day morning he hailed a cab near London-bridge,
as usual, and having put 130 pine apples inside, under
and upon the seats, the driver carried him to Covent-
garden, where witness offered him 2s. The cabman,
however, declined to take the sum, stating that his
fare was 3s. besides the luggage, for which he was
empowered by the new act to charge 2d. per packet.
He then reckoned up the loose pine-apples, regarding
each as one packet, and said he could claim 11. ls. Bd.,
if he went to a police-court—that being the aggregate
amount of 130 packets at 2d. each. He took the act of
Parliament out of his pocket, and read the clause to wit-
ness ; but he (Mr. Bigg) of course declined to take the
cabman's interpretation of the new law, and paying him
the 3s. which he demanded for the fare, resolved to apply
for a summons. He accordingly took his number with
that intention.

Mr. Henry said the question as to luggage could not,
arise in any case, unless there were more than two per-
sons in the cab. The act provides that " when more
than two persons shall be carried inside with more lug-
gage than can be carried inside the carriage, a further
sum of 2d. for every package carried outside shall be
paid by the hirer, in addition to the fare."

Mr.Bigg stated that some of the pine-apples were put
outside, and although he rode outside himself from choice,
there was ample room for him inside. The man was de-
tained about fifteen minutes in Monument-yard, for
which he was entitled to 6d. besides the fare, which was
not more than is. or ls. 6d.

Mr. Henry—l must tell you that one of the objects of
the new act is to provide the public with a better class
of hackney carriages, and to have them kept in a cleanly
and decent condition. It was never intended that they
should be converted into market carts. It would not
be very pleasant, for example, to the next person who
engaged the cab in question, after it had been filled
with pine-apples.
Mr. Bigg thought that nothing could be more agree-
able than the smell of pine-apples.
Mr. Henry—But if once the system prevailed of send-
ing about merchandise of that kind in cabs, they might
soon be employed to convey fish, meat, &c. However,
as the cabman in the present instance did not object to
carry the pine-apples, which he would have been fully
justified in doing, he had certainly no right to make a
charge for them.
The summons was then granted.

lIEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK.

(From the Registrar-General's Report.)

The registrar's return for last week exhibits a favour-
able condition of the public health. The deaths regis-
tered in London in the week that ended last Saturday
were 925 • the weekly deaths in June averaged about
1,000 ; the present decrease is, therefore, considerable.
The mean weekly temperature has risen 6 degrees in the
same period. In the ten corresponding weeks of the
years 1843-52 the average number was 919, which, with
a certain proportion added for increase of population,
becomes, 1,011. Hence the actual mortality of last week
is less than the estimated amount by 86.
The following numbers are attributed to the several
diseases in the symotic class to small-pox (of which
2 occurred to adults), 24 to measles, 25 to scarlatina, 44
to hooping-cough, 7 to croup, 6 to thrush, 34 to diarrhoea,
5 to dysentery, one to influenza, one to ague, 3 to re-
mittent fever, 43 to typhus, 2 to metria (puerperal
fever), 7to erysipelas, and 3 to syphilis. Diseases of
the respiratory organs, which have now fallen to the
usual amount, number 84. Cancer destroyed 22 lives,
gout one, apoplexy 22, paralysis 20, delirium tremens 4,
epilepsy 5, enteritis 16, disease of the liver 18. Four
deaths resulted from intemperance.
The following six deaths occurred in the London
Fever Hospital :—On the 2d July a labourer, 38 years,
from Willis-court, West London, tubercular pneumonia.
In hospital 33 days. On 2d July, a labourer, 33 years,
from Clement's-lane, Strand, typhus. In hospital 25
days. On 4th July a labourer, 26 years, from Cable-
street, Saint George-in-the-East, pneumonia. In hos-
pital 12 days. On 4th July a tailor, 29 years, from
Great Pulteney-street, moribund on admission. In
hospital one day. On sth July a baker, 21 years, from
Priugbrook-street, Holborn, typhoid fever. In hospital
6 days. On sth July a man, 28 years, from Stockwell-
street, Camberwell, typhoid fever. In hospital 12 days.
The metropolitan Registrars have in sonic instances
added remarks to their quarterly reports, and from these
the following extracts are made :

Mr. Leonaad, the Registrar of the Charing-cross sub-
district, observes :—" There has been much typhus
amongst the poor, but from the prompt removal of cases
to the Fever Hospital no deaths from it appear in my
list. The sanitary arrangements are very imperfect and
slow in operation. and the breeding of dogs for sale in
the lodgings of the lower classes is an intolerable
nuisance."

Mr. Watts, registrar of the west sub-district of
Islington, writes :—"The decrease of 53 in the births,
and of 82 in the deaths, during the last three months,
when compared with the numbers of the previous quar-
ter, may in some measure be accounted for by a great
number of tenements having been cleared from the
ground purchased for the proposed new cattle market,
and also by the terminus of the Great Northern Railway
being now opened at King's-cross, causing many families
to leave the neighbourhood of the late temporary ter-
minus, and the dwelling houses to become untenanted."
Last week the births of 709 boys and 735 girls, in all
1,444 children were registered in London. In the eight
corresponding weeks of the years 1845-52 the average
number was 1,253.

At the ROyal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean
height of the barometer in the week was 29.833 in.
The reading of the barometer decreased from 30.11 in.
at the beginning of the week to 29'74 in. by 9 h. p.m.
on the 7th ; increased to 29.89 in. by 9h. p.m. on
the Bth ; decreased to 29'78 in. by noon on the 9th ;
and increased to 29.81 in. by the end of the week.
The mean temperature of the week was 64.1 deg., which
is 1.9 deg. above the average of the same week in 38
years. The mean daily temperature was below the
average on the first three days ; on the three following
days it rose 3 deg., 7 deg., and 6 deg. above it ; on Sa-
turday it was still slightly above the average. The
highest temperature occurred on Thursday, and was
811 deg. ; the lowest on Sunday, when it was 50.1 deg.
The greatest difference between the dew point tempera-
ture and air temperature was 17.8 deg. on Sunday ; the
least 0.5 deg. on Friday ; the mean difference of the
week was 8 deg. The wind blew from south-west on
the first four days ; it afterwards varied from south to
north-west.

MORTALITY IN THE METROPOLIS.
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

- --- -- -..--, --- -
IN THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JULY 9 ---
Zymotic Diseases 2ll
Diseases of Uncertain Seat
Tubercular Diseases
Nerves, and Senses
Diseases of the Brain, ' 95
Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels 3O
Diseases of the Lungs and other Organs of
Respiration
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs
of Digestion
Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. 4 l4
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus &c.
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles
Diseases of the Skin, &c.
Malformations
Premature Birth and Debility 35
Atrophy 29
Old Age
5udden...................... . .................................
Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance ...... .. 37
Causes not specified

DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES 925
Population Deaths in corro- Deaths
Enumerated, aponding week in the
1851. of 1852. Week
West Districts
North Districts 490,396 ...... 220
Central Districts 393,256 ...... 182
East Districts 485,522 ...... 220
South Districts
Totals ......... 2,362,236 1,080 925

Males
Females

HOUSE OF LORDS-(YESTERDAY.)

The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the woolsack
at 5 o'clock.
The Earl of HARDWICKE presented a petition
from the county of Cambridge, praying for the repeal
of the malt tax.
Lord KINNAIRD presented several petitions in fa-
vour of the Combination of Workmen Bill.
Lord CAMPBELL said he wished to take that oppor-
tunity of stating his opinion on the bill before he left
town for the circuit. He thought the bill was wholly
unnecessary, as the law as it now stood was
excellent, and amply sufficient to protect the rights of
the workmen.
Lord BROUGHAM presented several petitions from
workmen employed in Scotland, in favour of the bill
respecting the arrestment of wages in Scotland. The
noble lord stated that it was not his intention to pro-
ceed with the bill this session.
THE RUSSO-TURKISH DISPUTE.

Lord LYNDHURST—My lords, I beg to put a ques-
tion to my noble friend the Secretary of State for
Foreign Affairs with regard to the document issued
from Peterhoff, to which I referred the other night. I
understand that that document was originally written in
the Russian language, but that the translation differs
from the original in respect to some important epithets.
I wish to know from my noble friend whether he has a
copy of the original document in the Russian language,
and whether he has any objections to lay it on the
table ? I wish to call my noble friend's attention to

some expressions I made use of with respect to the cir•

cular signed by Count Nesselrode, which have been
made the subject of criticism. I beg to state—and lam
sure my noble friend will bear me out in that—that the
answer to that document by the Minister of Foreign
Affairs of France has completely, both in argument and
in fact, borne out the conclusions to which I came. I
beg further to state, so far as relates to the circular
document from St. Petersburg, published yesterday,
that I think I may safely leave that circular document
without any comment. I beg leave, however, to call
my noble friend's attention to a particular passage. I
understand, according to my interpretation of that pas-
sage, that the Court of Russia has pledged itself that,
until the Ottoman Porte has satisfied the Court of
Russia with respect to the demands made against it,
and until we have withdrawn our fleet from the Turkish
waters, they will not abandon the possession of the
Danubian principalities. I understand that a noble lord
in another place has stated that he does not put that in-
terpretation on that document ; but I have read it with
some attention, and I cannot think it possible that any
other interpretation can be put upon that document. I
therefore wish to know from my noble friend whether
he concurs with me in the interpretation and meaning
of the passage to which I have referred ?
The Earl of CLARENDON—In reply to the first
question put by my noble and learned friend, I believe
there are some differences between the Russian docu-
ment issued for home consumption, for the use of the
Russian people—(a laugh)—and the translation that was
sent abroad. I believe it is more particularly with re-
spect to the word "perfidious," as applied to the viola-
tion of the Sultan's word. I believe there is a Russian
original in the Foreign-office, and if it can be of any
satisfaction to my noble and learned friend to peruse
that document, I shall not object to lay it on the table
of your lordships' house. I can also state that I entirely
agree with my noble and learned friend with reference
to the great ability and skill of the note which the
French Government issued in answer to the first circular
of Count Nesselrode ; and, with respect to the third
question of my noble and learned friend, I believe that
when my noble friend (Lord John Russell) answered the
question put to him in the House of Commons he had
not had an opportunity of reading the note. Ido not
entirely take the same view as my noble and learned
friend appears to do of what is stated in that note. I
certainly can have no hesitation in saying that we do
not consider that the presence of the British and French
fleets in the Bay of Besika is at all similar, or can in
any way be compared, to the occupation of the Danu-
bian principalities—(loud cheers)—and certainly no con-
dition with respect to the departure of the one or the
evacuation of the other will be made. (Renewed cheers.)
Lord LYNDHURST—The interpretation I put upon
that particular passage, or rather the expression itself,
amounts to this, that as soon as the Ottoman Porte does
what they require, and as soon as the English fleet quits
the Turkish waters, then they will withdraw from the
principalities. It does not absolutely say not sooner,
but it implies not sooner.
The Earl of CLARENDON—I think the answer I
gave my noble and learned friend does exactly meet that.
We shall make no condition of that sort.

478
447

Earl FITZ WILLIAM—My lords, I beg to observe
that the expression in question is a great deal stronger
than my noble and learned friend has stated it to be.
The expression is not " from the Turkish waters," but
"from within sight of the Turkish capital," which I ap-
prehend has a very different meaning from the expres-
sion, "Turkish waters." "The Turkish waters" might
mean what we call the Agean Sea ; " from within sight
of the Turkish capital" might mean the sea of Marmora.
The English and French Governments are also charged
with having sent their fleets into the Sultan's dominions.
My lords, everything now passing in the east of Europe
must cause extreme anxiety ; and I trust my noble friend
the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs will forgive
me if I call his attention to a subject which has been
lately mentioned in the public prints. lam desirous of
knowing whether the Government have received any
information on that subject. What I am desirous of
knowing, my lords, is not for the purpose of gratifying
any idle curiosity, but because I think it is a matter of
deep public import that it should be known whether or
not that statement is founded on fact, and whether her
Majesty's Government have received any information on
the subject, The fact to which I allude is the alleged
passage of the Austrian troops into the Turkish province
of Bosnia. lam desirous of knowing whether•her Ma-
jesty's Government have received any information, either
confirmatory of, or contradicting, that statement, which
has been confidently made in many of the public prints,
and which purports to come from the capital of Austria?
Lord LYNDHURST—Before my noble friend an-
swers that question I may be allowed to apologise for
not having been strong enough in respect to that parti-
cular passage ; but my noble friend (Earl Fitzwilliam)
has fallen into the same error, and fallen short, for the
words are, "As soon as the British fleet shall remove
from within sight of Constantinople we will retire."
The Earl of CLARENDON—I think both my noble
friends have used expressions sufficiently strong— (a
laugh)—but as both of them quoted from a statement
that is manifestly incorrect, there can be little import-
ance how strong were the assertions they made in that
respect. (Hear.) The English and French fleets are
neither within the Turkish waters nor within sight of
Constantinople ; and therefore, though it may be so as-
serted in the Russian note, there are certainly no reasons
to take precautions on that subject. With respect to
the question my noble friend (Earl Fitzwilliam) has
asked, if my noble friend had been in the house last
night when a similar question was put to my noble
friend near me (the Earl of Aberdeen), be would have
heard the only information that I am now able to give
him on that point. I believe that this report has arisen
—as many others have arisen—from the electric tele-
graph, which, 1 took the opportunity of saying some
time ago in this house, now transacts, not very correctly,
a. great portion of the diplomatic business of Europe. I
have no reason to believe that the Austrian troops have
crossed the Turkish frontiers ; but, on the contrary, my
latest dates from the English Minister at Vienna are the
7th ; and in them no mention is made of the circum-
stance. I have also communicated with the Austrian
Minister at this Court, who entirely disbelieves the re-
port, and who thinks it must have arisen from the cir-
cumstance of some Austrian troops having been sent to
their fortress at Peterwardein, which is about 80 miles
from the territory of Turkey.
The subject then dropped.

UNITED
ANGUARANTEE AND LIFE ASSUR-
CE COMPANY BILL.

LOnortdhße
EmpotEiosnDfAorLtEheospepeoosneddrieat. ding of this bill,
The Earl of HARROWBY asked that it might be
read a second time, in order that it might be sent to a
committee up stairs.
After a few words from the Marquis of Salisbury,
Lord Redesdale, and Lord Beaumont, who desired some
information as to the nature of the bill,
The Earl of HARROWBY said its principal object
was to enable public officers to accept the guarantee of
this company.
Lord REDESDALE moved that the bill should be
read a second time that day three months, which
wis
agreed to without a division.
The British Electric Telegraph Company Bill was
read a second time.

Copyholds Bill passed through committee.
The Metropolitan Building Act Further Amendmcn
Bill was read a second time.

JUVENILE MENDICANCY (No. 2) BILL.
The house went into committee on this bill.
The LORD CHANCELLOR expressed doubts as to
the propriety of taking up children and placing them in
the workhouse. The Poor-law Commissioners objected
to the introduction into the workhouse of a class quasi-
criminal. Nothing could tend more to render the work-
house distasteful to the deserving poor. The whole
matter was at present before the Poor-law Board, and
was the subject of their anxious consideration. They,
as well as the Government, felt that no object was more
mportant than to arrest crime at its source ; but he

' feared the present bill would not answer that purpose.
He had looked at it, not hypercritically, but with the
view to improve it if possible. There was a provision
for sending vagrant childran to the workhouse ; but
how long were they to stay there ? For aught that ap-
peared, it might be an imprisonment for life. With our
present machinery, he doubted the possibility of carry-
ing out the objects contemplated by the bill.
The Earl of SHAFTESBURY complained that the
objections had not been made a week ago when the bill
was before in committee. By bringing them forward
now, the passing of the bill in the present session
would be imperilled. He contended that the first ob-
jection was unfounded ; workhouses at this moment
were, to a certain extent, houses of detention. The
commissioners themselves had admitted that the work-
house was a proper asylum for orphan children, and he
only sought by this bill to give the same advantage to
those children who were neglected by their parents,
the latter being rendered liable for their maintenance.
As t• the lack of workhouse accommodation, he did
not think that any apprehension need be entertained
in the metropolis. He did not believe that a very
large number of children would have to be thus dealt
with. It was proposed that the act should be at first
confined to the metropolis, which would be a very fair
experiment. If it were found not to answer, its opera-
tion might be at any time suspended by the Secretary of
State, if Parliament were not sitting. The class to be
dealt with were very young children, who were not yet
contaminated with crime ; and he was convinced, that if
they were removed from the streets, juvenile mendicancy
would, in the course of a few months, be reduced from
50 to 60 per cent. He regretted that their lordships
had taken a hostile view of the bill, because he was con-
fident that it would have been the means of preventing
much misery.
The Earl of ABERDEEN was understood to say that
the object was one well worthy the attention of Parlia-
ment. He thought that, with the limitations stated,
there would be no danger in passing the bill.
Lord CAMPBELL—after complimenting the Presi-
dent of the Poor-Law Board for the excellent and humane
manner in which he administered the law, and especially
for the success of his efforts in preventing litigation—
said that he apprehended no danger from the introduc-
tion of these poor children, of five or six years of age,
into workhouses where they might receive the elements
of moral and religious training. With the power given
to the Secretary of State, he thought the measure
would be a perfectly safe one, and he hoped his noble
friend would press it. He thought it would redound
more to the honour of the noble lord than any one of
the great measures with which his name had been con-
nected. (Hear, hear.)
Earl GREY said he should much regret any limita-
tion that tended to cripple the operation of so excellent
a measure. In many large provincial towns Newcastle-
on-Tyne, to his knowledge—the evil was a most crying
one ; and the bill would be a great boon to those places,
which had already been stimulated to something like
voluntary association. He believed there was plenty of
room in the workhouses ; there were never so few paupers
in them as at the present time. He deprecated the pro-
posal to limit the operation of the bill to the metro-
polis. The objections of the Poor-Law-Board he regarded
as perfectly futile. Very young children, whether
addicted to mere mendicancy or to crime, ought not to
be regarded as criminals at all ; they were not fit sub-
jects for punishment; having been neglected by their
natural guardians the State ought to come forward and
supply their place. The workhouse was the proper
place for such children, who were in reality nothing
more than destitute children ; the workhouse should not
be looked on as a place of custody, but of instruction.
(Hear.) He hoped the noble lord would not postpone
the bill, but make any amendments now that might be
thought desirable.
Lord WHARNCLIFFE concurred in the expediency
of passing the bill at once. Were the objections
stronger than they were he would overlook them sooner
than lose the chance of passing so valuable a measure.
The Duke of ARGYLL hoped that the acceptance on
the part of the noble earl at the head of her Majesty's
Government of a suggestion of the noble lord (the Earl
of Shaftesbury), in order to make the measure a more
tentative one, would /not be considered either by their
lordships or by the country as a proof that there was
any shyness on the part of the Government to apply the
principle of the bill to the country generally. It was
his (the noble duke's) own deep conviction that the bill
was of the very highest importance. He regretted that
it was not to be applied to that part of the country with
which he was himself more particularly connected—
namely, to the whole kingdom of Scotland. The prin-
ciple of the bill had been always practically carried out
by Lieut. Watson in Aberdeen ; and the result had
been, that the juvenile delinquency of that large city,
which had formerly been extremely high, had been
almost entirely extinguished, or at all events It had
been reduced to below one per cont. The importance of
the measure had been greatly increased, as the noble
earl (Lord Shaftesbury) had observed the other evening,
by the fact that they had been compelled by circum-
stances to discontinue, to a great extent, the practice of
transportation.

gallant officers who op• posed the clause, had had exp ri-
ence in the manning 01? the navy. In their times, the
best men in the Royal Navy were drawn from the mer-
chant service, but that was not the case now. The nur.
series for able and thurough:seamen were quite changed.
If he had not been. perfectly convinced of this he should
not have given wa, y to this clause.

The Earl of HARROWBY would rather see the bill
extended to the whole country ; but he would prefer its
restriction to the metropolis to its rejection.
After a few words from Lords Kinnaird, Breadalbane,
and Wicklow,
The LORD CHIEF JUSTICE said he had often been
greatly shocked by the conduct of wicked parents towards
their children. In a recent case he had been compelled
to sentence a girl to be transported for seven years, in
order to prevent her falling again into the hands of her
parents, who had compelled her to pass bad money for
them.

The LORD CHANCELLOR defended himself from
the idea that he was averse to the principle of the bill.
On the contrary, he hoped that the measure would be
productive of great good.
Lord BROUGHAM expressed his gratification at the
circumstance that the subject had been brought before
the house. He thought that if the bill, restricted to the
metropolis, should be passed, as he hoped it would, this
session, their lordships would soon be called upon to ex-
tend it to the rest of the country. (Hear.)
Earl FITZWILLIAM could not regard the bill with
the glee which had been expressed by other noble lords ;
for he apprehended that evil would arise from the prac-
tical conversion of the workhouses into prisons.
Lord BROUGHAM said that the bill would either
succeed or fail. If the latter should be the case, the
Legislature would adopt some other plan, and so he could
not but regard the introduction of the bill with pleasure.
The bill then passed through committee.
The Convicted Prisoners Removal and Confinement
Bill passed through committee.
The Public House (Scotland) Bill, and the Pimlico Im-
provement Bill, were read a second time.

Mr. G.l-lUDSC. 'N thought that full and fair oppor-
tunity ought to be. given to the British shipowner to
compete at every w ivantage with shipowners of other
countries, and he should vote for this clause.
Mr. HENLEY regretted that the Government should
have fixed the discussion of a question of such gravity
and importance for a morning sitting. He had great
sympathy for persons engaged in the shipping trade, and
if he were only influenced by a consideration for their
interest, he should have had no difficulty in coming to
a decision as to how lie should give his vote on this
occasion. But the interests of the seamen must also be
looked to in deciding this question. It resolved itself,
he believed, into what was the rate of wages to be paid
to the seamen ; and the course which the Government
proposed to take seemed to him to be this, that,
instead of giving the seamen the fair amount of wages
which tempt him -to enter the Queen's service,
they exposed him to competition with foreign seamen in
the mercantile service in order to beat down wages and
force him into the Royal Navy. What was wanted
was not so much to increase the number of British sea-
men, but the numbers of the seamen of the best quality,
such as were most fitted to make able men-of-war's men.
It would be impossible to have skilled seamen unless they
took care to have them properly brought up. Able
seamen did not, even then, receive either in the royal
navy or the mercantile service, anything like the amount
of wages which skilled labourers in other trades ob-
tained. He could not help thinking that the tendency
of the bill would be to decrease the number of appren-
tices training for British seamen. In time of war they
must have recourse to the seamen in the mercantile ser-
vice to man the royal navy, and he doubted much whe-
ther the bill would increase the facilities for obtaining
them. The two services were, unfortunately, antagon-
istic. Why they were so was a problem which had yet
to be solved. He saw no reason himself why the
Queen's service should not be the most popular in the
world. If its unpopularity was owing to a matter of
money, he thought the pay ought to be increased, for it
was only necessary in peace to have a limited number
of men, and why should these not be picked men ?
(Hear, hear.) Believing that the public safety
ought to overrule every other consideration, and
doubting very much the policy of the clause, he
should certainly vote against it. (Hear.) He did rot
think any case had been made out of the necessity for
an alteration of the law.
Mr. CARDWELL said the real question was, whe-
ther they should increase or decrease the number of sea-
men in the navy. He contended not only that all high
naval authorities in 1849 approved of the change, but
that the experience of the last three years of the repeal
of the Navigation-laws showed its absolute necessity.
As to the number of apprentices in the navy,
lie could state that, shortly after the decrease
commenced, the number began to rally, and it had
since continued to increase up to the present time. In
1850 the number of apprentices who entered the service
was 5,056 ; in 1851, 5,275 ; and in 1852, 5,845 ; and
on the first six months of the present year the number
was 3,731. He readly admitted that this was a ques-
tion of wages, but he could not understand why any
special protection should be given to sailors, which was
not possessed by other labourers. At the present time
seamen were leaving the American navy and entering
the British service, and they would not do so
unless greater advantages were held out to them.
No less than 5,000 had entered the service since Decem-
ber, and he believed that now we had 8,000 more sea-
men at our disposal that we had before the repeal of the
Navigation Laws. He therefore thought we might dis-
miss from our minds the idle fears entertained as to the
proposed change, and might safely apply to this branch
of the service the sound, healthy principles which were
applied to the other branches of it, and had been found
to work well. The state of the world at this moment
was such that they might safely make the transition
without any apprehension, and without any inconveni-
ence or injury to the interests which it was proposed to
protect. (Hear, hear.)
Mr. LIDDELL considered that the objections urged
to the clause had been satisfactorily answered by the
President of the Board of Trade. He was bound to say
that the apprehensions which were entertained of the
repeal of the navigation laws had not been realised, and
he thought he should only do his duty to his consti-
tuents at Liverpool, and promote the interests of the
country at large, by acceding to the proposal of the Go-
vernment.

Mr. MITCHELL supported the clause.
Mr. HEADLAM protested against the injustice of
the attempt to enable captains in the Royal Navy to
withdraw men from the merchant service.

Mr. HASTIE approved of the clause. Under com-
petition with the world our ships had improved in con-
struction and sailing qualities, and if we exposed our
seamen to the same competition, he believed the same
result would manifest itself, and that they would be-
come a better class of men.

M. WILCOX considered that, if they passed
the clause, they would not employ one English
sailor less nor one foreign sailor more, nor
would they lower the rate of wages ; but they
would do this great good—they would put a check on
that disgraceful and wholesale desertion which now took
place among British seamen abroad. lle objected to
that part of the clause which enabled shipowners to
employ foreigners as masters of their vessels. The ship-
owners of the country would not consider that a boon,
for he believed it would not be resorted to except for
sinister or unworthy purposes.
Captain SCOBELL replied, and the committee di-
vided, when the numbers were—
For the clause
Against it
Majority IOG
The clause was then agreed to, as were also clauses
up to 37, iaclusive.
The chairman then reported progress and obtained
leave to sit again on Friday at 12 o'clock.
The house adjourned at four o'clock until six this
evening.
The house resumed at six o'clock.
INDIAN RAILWAYS.
Sir H. MADDOCK moved for copies or extracts of any
correspondence received by the last mail from the Gover-
nor-General in Council in India, relative to railway under-
takings in that country.—Agreed to.
SUNDAY LABOUR IN THE POST OFFICE.

. 142
. 3G

BANKRUPTCY (SCOTLAND) BILL.
On the order of the day for the second reading of
this bill,

The LORD CHANCELLOR said he proposed to
take the discussion on the third reading.
After a few words from Lord BROUGHAM,
The bill was read a second time.
CHANCERY SUITORS' FURTHER RELIEF
BILL.

The report of the amendment on this bill was brought
up and agreed to.
SAVINGS BANKS ANNUITY BILL.

Mr. PACKE, in reference to the commission appointed
to inquire into Sunday labour at the Post-office gave not: C
that on a future day ho should ask the Secretary of State
for the Home Department whether the Postmaster-General
had any intention of adopting the resolutions contained in
that report ?
Upon the motion of an HON. MEMBER, the house was
then counted ; more than 40 members being present, pro-
ceedings were resumed.
THE MALT DUTIES.

This bill was read a third time and passed.
LAW OF LANDLORD AND TENANT IN
IRELAND.

Mr. E. BALL then moved fora committee of the whole
house, for the purpose of considering the duties on malt,
with a view of making such alteration in those duties that
the farmer may be exempt from the malt duty on such
quantity of malt as ho may require for his own use, made
from barley ofihis own growth.
Sir J. SHELLEY did not rise for the purpose of oppos-
ing this motion, for upon its merits he was favourable to
it ; but even if this were not so, he should not regret to
see it carried, as a lesson to the Government, who took no
care about a house being made upon Tuesdays. (At this
time the Treasury bench was perfectly empty, and there
were but three hon. gentleman upon the benches behind it.
The Opposition side of the house was very fairly attended.)
Sir J. Shelley was just concluding his observations, and a
call for a division was being made, when

The Earl of GLENGALL asked whether Government
would lay on the table of the house a bill prepared by
Sir W. Somerville, when Chief Secretary of Ireland, for
the purpose of consolidating the whole law of landlord
and tenant in that country. There were several bills in
the other house which were coming up to this house,
and it would be of great use if they had this bill before
them.

The Earl of ABERDEEN said there was a project for
such a bill, but there was no such a bill in a Parliamen-
tary sense. He did not think it would be regular to lay
the project of a bill on the table of the house.
The Marquis of CLANRICARDE thought it exceed-
ingly important that the bills now in the House of Com-
mons should be referred to a committee of their lord-
ships' house, and he intended to bring forward a motion
that that be done, and then Sir W. Somerville's bill
could be regularly brought before them.
Their lordships then adjourned at twenty-five minutes
to eight o'clock.

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER entered.
Castinga hasty, and somewhat disconcerted look, which was
the signal for a general titter, around him, the right hon.
gentleman hurried to his place. Ho then said that he was
not less surprised than other people appeared to be at find-
ing himself in his present position. Upon all former days,
when he had attended punctually, the first half hour or
more of the sitting had gone over in interpellations ; now,
however, that he was somewhat behind time, the business
upon the paper was arrived at within a few minutes. The
hon: member had made a motion of great importance; but
having made it without stating any arguments or reason
for the step, he did not feel bound to follow him at any
very great length. He hoped the hon. member would not
consider that in so doing he admitted the force of his (Mr.
Ball's) motion. Had the hon. gentleman stated his argu-
ments, the (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) would have.
followed them, and showed the very serious consequences
which necessarily would prevent the Government from ac-
ceding to them. He would, therefore, only state for the
information of the hon. gentleman, that, when he saw his
motion upon the books, it did not to him appear at all clear
whether he (Mr. Ball) intended to claim a special privilege
for farmers, as consumers, or whether he intended that

HOUSE OF COMMONS—(YESTERDAY.)
MERCHANT SHIPPING BILL.
The house then went into committee on this bill, on
clause 29 ; the discussion on Capt. Scobell's proposition
to omit the clause which permits vessels to be manned
entirely. by foreign seamen was resumed.
Admiral WALCOT supported the omission of the
clause, as he considered it would tend, if carried, to
break up the Mercantile Marine of this country.
Mr. INGHAM thought that after the repeal of the
Navigation Laws, when the British shipowner was
exposed to open competition, it was only fair and just
that he should be allowed to man his vessel in the most
efficient manner possible. He intended, however, to
move a proviso that this clause did not extend to the
coasting trade.
Sir G. PECHELL supported the clause, as he did
not believe it would lead to the slightest inconvenience
in manning the British navy. He believed it was quite
impossible to man a ship efficiently with none but
foreigners.
Mr. DIGBY SEYMOUR believed that this clause
was the most redeeming feature of the bill ; and he
should cordially support it.
Mr. DUNLOP supported the amendment.
Sir G. TYLER opposed the clause.
Sir J. GRAHAM said he had given to the question
the grave consideration which it merited. Previous to
the repeal of the navigation laws, it was confidently
predicted by a number of gallant officers examined be-
fore a committee of the House of Commons that it
would lead to the utter ruin of her Majesty's navy.
What was the real state of the case, he need only refer
them to the last returns to see. It was only after hav-
ing agreed with his colleagues with regard to the aboli-
tion of the clause that he had brought forward the pro-
positions lately laid on the table of the house to give
additional benefit to the seamen of her Majesty's service.
The one could not be carried out without the other.
The race of competition was now a very close one,ore
more
weight the British shipowner must not carry any He
weight in the race than was absolutely necessary.
was convinced that they could not do anything for the
advantage of commerce, which would not also redound
to the benefit both of the Mercantile Marine and the
Queen's service.
Mr- WILLIAMS was as ardent a foreigner as any
man in that house, but he thought this clause was carry.
I• Ing the point rather further than was necessary.
Admiral BERKELEY said that the state of affairs
had very much changed, since the time that hon. and

they should be allowed to make use of malt, exempt from
duty, only so far as regarded farming purposes. Certainly,
reason would lead him (the Chancellor of the Exchequer)
at once to the conclusion that this latter supposition was
the true one. But whether he looked to the reasonable
construction or not—not but what he felt bound to suppose
that the hon. gentleman meant to act reasonably-
ho
thought there were valid reasons for opposing the motion.
At the same time he admitted that much might be
said
favour of allowing malt for the purposes of breeding stock
to be free from duty. the arguments against it
nwerenw unworthywholly
of discussion. Locking only to who were the
con-
cernedheenterinedit,futlhlye hinotno.
tinhoe
matter,
er wouldn h have
might then
betterhave
a hade
explained the terms of his proposition. The mot ion said no-
thing at all of malt for the purposes of raising stock, it merely
said " such malt as he (the farmer) may require for his
own use." His own use would apply as well to the brewing
of beer as the raising of stock. He was sure that his hon.
friend (Sir J. Shelley), who was expressing his concurrence
in this motion with some warmth when he entered the
house, could not mean to say that ; ho (Sir J. Shelley)
could not mean to assert that one class should be privileged
in its consumption of malt any more than another class.
Shy should the farmer be allowed to make beer or spirits
free from duty when all other persons could not do so ?
worldwouid ebael thel intoe exct i
toefngeniesiinieghsuncnharna pourinvtiloefgete?mpTtahe.
hWo uhsaet
tion that, unless hon. members supposed that all farmers
were men not of ordinary, but of supereminent principle,
they would establish a system of fraud so objectionable
that it would demoralise a large body of people, and open
the door for wholesale plunder. But for the present he
would assume that it was only for the purposes of raising
stock that the duty was proposed to be remitted. He
must again regret that the hon. gentleman (Mr. Ball) had
not made some few remarks in introducing this motion to
explain what his meaning was. As matters stood he (the
Chancellor of the Exchequer) was in a position of much
difficulty. (Much laughter from the opposition, evidently
caused by this last remark being quite apropos to the state
of the ministerial benches, which continued very thinly
occupied.) He would therefore proceed to argue upon the