The Sun.
London, England, 1854-01-30 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 30, 1854.

to affect a doubt. Kleck and Sutorina would not
be what they now are, and Austria, grasped by
land and by sea in the deadly embrace, would be
Russian in everything but name. All Germany
would be at the feet of the CZAR, and the prophecy
of NAPOLEON would rapidly hasten to its fulfil-
ment in its Cossack interpretation.
The upshot of the whole is simply this, that it is
the duty and the interest of all unattacked nations
to succour the attacked, and to check the con-
queror at the beginning. Unrighteous as were
our attempts to dethrone the first NAPOLEON, and
to place the worthless Bourbons on the backs of
the French, we had a perfectly righteous cause
in aiding the nations who wished to be freed from
his yoke. Yet, after all, what a difference.
French conquest of Europe would have been
the conquest of a refined civilisation at the
worst—. Russian domination the triumph of the
coarsest barbarism. If the domination of the
most cultivated nation of Europe was to be re-
sisted at all costs, is that of the most degraded
and brutalised to b• endured for an hour? If
Europe would not patiently submit to be con-
quered by the genius of NAPOLEON, will it brook
to be devoured at leisure by the mere arrogance
and cunning of NICHOLAS?

SIB E. B. LYTTON'S SPEECH.

LATEST FOREIGN NEWS.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

THE BLACK SEA.
A report was spread at the Paris on Saturday of
a naval engagement in the Black Sea, off Batoum,
resulting in the destruction of seven Russian ves-
sels, but no account of such an event was known
at the Turkish Embassy.
'By telegraph we learn that at Belgrade on the
27th there were rumours of such a collision.
Advices from Constantinople of the 19th state
that nothing was known there of the reported
conflict.
It is oertain that the whole Russian fleet was in
Sebastopol on the 11, but left in the direction of
Batoum on the following day.
By letters from Constantinople, of the 13th, we
learn that accounts had been received, by a vessel
from Trebisond, of the safe arrival of the squadrons
in the roadstead of Sinope. The scene presented
in that place is said to have been most heart-
rending ; whole quarters of the town were com-
pletely levelled with the ground ; the harbour also
was full of wreck—masts and cordage were float-
ing about, as well as a number of half-burnt
bodies, and the shore was covered with dead bodies
which had been only half buried. The Turkish
transports, to the number of six, continued their
voyage, on the Bth, towards Trebisond and Ba-
toum, escorted by the Charlemagne, the Gomer,
and the Descartes, French ships, and the English
ships Agamemnon, Sanspareil, and Terrible. The
rest of the squadrons remained at Sinope, which
is to be made the centre of operations, as being
the best spot from whence to observe the move-
ments of the Russian fleet.
Admiral Dundas has issued a commission to
Captains Carter and Eden, of the Royal Navy,
and to Colonel Pratt, of the Royal Marines, to
examine and survey, with the aid of Lieutenants
WArthur, Gell, and Steel, of the Royal Marine
Artillery, the localities, and more particularly the
eminences and commanding positions at and about
Sinope, for the purpose of drawing up a detailed
report as to the means of defence which they could
be made to offer, more especially in regard to the
cover and protection of shipping in the roadstead.
Mr. Guarracino, the British vice-consul at Sam.
scorn, who was formerly in the same capacity at
Batoum, and from the number of years he has
served in Asiatic Turkey speaks well the Turkish,
Greek, Armenian, and other Oriental tongues, be-
sides most of the languages of Europe, arrived at
Sinope, of which he is likewise the titular vice-
consul, on the 12th of January, in the small British
trading steamer Phcebe, to render such assistance
as Admiral Dundas might require in the way of
getting supplies of fresh meat and vegetables, or
other stores, for the fleet ; and knowing, as he does,
so well the resources of the country, no doubt, in
this and other respects, his services will be found
most valuable. The admiral had, however, already
seen the necessity of appointing a naval store-
keeper, to look after the coal depot about to be
formed at Sinope, and generally to be on the alert
for information as to the appearance in its waters of
Russian cruisers or agents. To this office he has
appointed a Maltese youth, of the name of Cazolani,
bolding a teachership of Arabic in the Malta Uni-
versity, but who, on the departure of the fleet for
the Levant, was, (having no pupils) lent to Admiral
Dundas as an interpreter from his being also con-
versant with the Turkish tongue. He is the
brother, it is said, of the late Dr. Fortunato Cazo-
lani, who held an appointment in the medical staff
of the Shah of Persia, and who, on some occasion,
was decorated by the Emperor of Russia.
The following is the account of the Retribution's
mission to Sebastopol, translated from the Impar-
tial de Smyrna The English and French fleets
have been into Sinope, except six steam-frigates,
three of each nation, which proceeded to Batoum,
in company with five Ottoman steam-frigates and
three large transports, loaded with troops and am-
munition. Sinope is the head-quarters of the two
admirals, and to that port are sent the transports
with coals and provisions. • The English steam-
' frigate Retribution has been despatched by Admiral
Dundas to Sebastopol, with despatches to the Prince
Menschikoff, claiming the two English engineers
illegally captured by the Russians from the mer-
chant steamer Medain Tidjaret. The Retribution
entered Sebastopol, exchanging salutes with the
fort and Russian Admiral. A small steamer, ready
for sea, neared the English frigate, and a message
sent to Capt.Prummond, to the effect that he could
not remain at Sebastopol, and that he must quit it.
Captain Drummond replied, that ho had impor-
tant despatches for the admiral, governor general,
which he wished to deliver. In the meanwhile,
several officers were busily occupied in taking,
plans of the fortress, which was speedily accom-
plished. A reply was sent to Captain Drummond
that the admiral governor general of the Crimea,
was absent. The captain then demanded an inter-
view with the deputy governor, to whom he re-
mitted his despatches, informing the messenger
that Admiral Dundas required an answer. A
short time after this the Retribution left Sebastopol
and returned to Sinope. The Hon. Captain
Drummond having given an account of his mis-
sion, and reported that there were at Sebas-
topol but five line-of-battle ships with some small
ships of trifling force, the admirals imagined that
the remainder of the Russian fleet might be in
the neighbourhood of Batoum, they therefore
despatched the screw-steamerAgamenmon, the Lon-
don, Charlemagne, and Gonier, and two or three
other steamers. The Descartes was sent to look
after the Russians. The remainder of the fleet
remained at a single anchor, ready for any service
at a moment's notice. At Sebastopol there are
four forts. The three first mount 120 guns each,
and the other 400. The following is an exact list
of the Russian naval force in the Black Sea :—Four
three-deckers of 120 guns, one of them old and
unserviceable ; 11 line-of-battle ships, of from 80
to 84 guns ; 5 frigates, of 51 guns ; 2 do., of 48
guns ; 3 corvettes, of 36 guns ; 4 do., of 24 guns ;
2 brigs, of 22 guns ; 10 do., of 18 guns ; 8 do., of
14 guns ; 5 do., of 12 guns ; 5 do., of 6 guns ; 3
schooners, of 12 guns ; 5 ditto, of 10 guns ; 1 old
84 line-of-battle ship, and 1 old 24-gun brig, un-
serviceable in harbour, and a few steam-vessels."
By the last accounts, dated the 13th, it appears
that " the English and French fleets were in the
waters of Batoum ; and a Russian fleet of nin e
line-of-battle ships was also in that vicinity.
The subjoined is the text of a circular addressed by
Lord Redcliffe to the English commercial men, at
the time of the entrance of the combined fleets in
the Black Sea :
" The squadron of her Britannic Majesty, composed
of 10 sail of the line, a frigate, and 7 steam-vessels,
under the command of Vice-Admiral Dundas, having
left for the Black Sea, in conformity with my instruc-
tions, and a powerful French squadron, under the com-
mand of Vice-Admiral Hamelin, acting in concert with
the British squadron, having entered the same sea at
the same time, I think it proper to make known to you,
that in performing the service assigned to him, Admiral
Dundas has for object to protect, if it be possible, the
legitimate interests of Turkey, without breaking the
pacific relations which still exist between the Govern-
ment of her Majesty and that of Russia.
(Signed) " STRATFORD DE REDOLIFFE."
The Journal de St. Petersbourg, of the 20th,
announces as follows the course adopted by the
Russian Government respecting the notificaton of
the entrance of the combined squadrons into the
Black Sea :—" The public have been informed al-
ready by the foreign journals of the order given by
Great Britain and France as to their combined
fleets to enter the Black Sea. As this order has
been notified only verbally to the Imperial Cabi-
net, it has thought proper in the first instance to
demand in London and Paris categorical explana-
tions as to the character and extent which the two
Governments give to the measure. On the result
of these explanations will depend its ulterior atti-
tude."