The Sun.
London, England, 1854-11-29 00:00:00

ETON AND THE ARMY.

It is a frequent subject of remark among Etonian%
how large a proportion of the officers who have fallen in
the Crimea were educated at Eton. Lord Carrington
acknowledged this fact yesterday by a very graceful com-
pliment to the school, which will not soon be forgotten.
In the course of their morning's march he led his regi-
ment (the Royal Bucks Militia, now quartered in Wind-
sor) into the Eton playing-fields. The boys soon col-
lected there in great numbers, much struck by the fine
appearance of the regiment. Ih the meantime Lord
Carrington went to the head-master's house to ask, in
the name of the regiment, for a holiday for the school.
On his return, surrounded by the boys, he told them
so, and added a few words something to the following
effect :—" Boys, I cannot see what a large proportion
of the officers who have fallen in the war are Etenians
without feeling how much the country owes to this
school. At all times Eton has been foremost in giving
her sons to the service of their country, both in the
army and navy, but never more than in the present
war ; and I am sure that you who are before me now
are of the same stamp as those who are se nobly main-
taining the honour of their country, or have fallen cheer-
ing their men on to victory, and Eton will, I am per-
suaded, continue to send forth those who will be the
honour and boast of their country. To testify how much
I think is owed to Eton, I will order my men to present
arms to you." Ikon this he advanced to the front of
his regiment, which was drawn up in line, and, giving
the preparatory words of command, he added, "Royal
Bucks Militia, present arms to the Eton boys."
So novel and unexpected a compliment, mingling as it
did with the recollection of those—fathers, brothers, or
former companions—to whose gallantry Lord Carring-
ton had alluded, affected very deeply all that were
present.
As if by one impulse, every hat was taken off, and,
after a moment's deep silence, a cheer burst forth,
deep, prolonged, and ringing, such as Eton boys give
when they feel deeply. When the cheer had at
length subsided Mr. Buckle, captain of the school,
called on his companions to give another cheer for
Lord Carrington ; after which they accompanied the
regiment as it marched through and out of the play-
ing-fields.
The parents and friends of the officers here alluded
to will not read without emotion of this exceedingly
well-timed and graceful act of homage paid by Lord
Carrington and his regiment to the heroic conduct of
those still engaged, as well as to the memory of those
for whose loss they are now mourning.

PRIZE MONEY.

__ ~----

(Front last night's Gazette.)
London, Nov. 27.
Notice sty,s sloopherebygivAnrrteot,tlßreeogffiincaelrds
janodhnco
Jrnapsnyof
her Geo.
commander., that they will be paid on
Ethsq.e2moth of December next, at 22, Arundel-
street,Avvlae ed dl: le nasidal isead,
y,
Strand, their respective proportions of proceeds
and bounty money for the slave schooner Rostaurador,
seized on .he ISth of March, 1858, and that the list will
be recalled, at the same place, on Wednesdays and
Thursdays for the three following months.
Flag share 23572
20 06
Cc,mmander'sshare97 10 0 Seventh c1a5.5.......2117 28
96
22 5 6
Third class
Fourth class
I SixthNEighththeofficers
cccllalclassasss.3 14 3
Fifth class
ass
her Majesty's sloop Linnet, Henry
Notice is herebyl2gilv9enntel,l 7 10
Need, and
Egq
~companyeorto f.
mander, that they will be paid on Wednesday, the 20th
of December next, at 22, Arundel-street, Strand, their
respective proportions of the proceeds and tonnage boun-
ties for the slave vessels named below, and that the lists
will be recalled, at the sane place, on Wednesdays and
Tkursdays, for the three following months.
Brigantine Paulina, seized on the 30th April, 1853.
Flag share £4B 1 0 Sixth class £lo 6ii
Commandesshare 90 2 0 Seventh olass 617 9
Third class
Fifth class
20 13 3 Ninth class
12 1 0 Tenth class
Fourth class
1 5 9
Schooner, name unknown, seized on the 30th April, 1853
Flag sharo £l9 12 2 Sixth class
Commander's share 36 15 5 Seventh class
8
Third class l4 0 10 Eighth class ....
8 8 6 Ninth class .........
Fourth class
6.. 1 1
0 17 7
Fifth class ...

ABERDEEN.—A bottle was picked up at the South
Shore, Peterhead, on the 22d November, containing the
following note :—" Off Wick Bay—We are in a perilous
situation—no hopes of reaching the land—every mo-
ment thinking to be at the bottom. The vessel is fast
filling—no more. We send this into the waves, which
may, perhaps, some day or other, show the terrible po-
sition we are in.—Morison, master, of sloop Robert and
Alice, of Invernese.7

THE FINANCES OF RUSSIA.

(Front, the Derbyshire Courier.)
The opinion appears to be steadily gaining ground

that we are only at the commencement of a great
European war. Unhappily, war is an evil which
has a natural tendency to extend. Two or more
nations engage in acts of hostility, the interests and
passions of neutral powers are excited, and the wild-
fire spreads till half the world becomes involved in
the conflagration. Such is the mournful lesson
which history teaches, and which it seems
more than probable that our own experience is
destined to corroborate. The character of the
enemy with whom we are engaged strengthens this
*pinion. The Czar is said to be in no wise
moved from his purpose by recent events. Were
we in undisputed possession of the Crimea, there
is no ground for supposing that the Czar would
bate one jot or tittle of his high pretensions, or
swerve for a moment from the path which his own
will has laid down. Nicholas is quite the man to
carry out his threat, that as long as he has a man
or a dollar he will not succumb. It is no part of
wisdom to deprecate or under-value the resources
of such an antagonist, but rather to sit down and
count the cost, and consider how we may with ten
thousand be able to meet him that cometh against
us with twenty thousand.
Russia was well known to be strong in its capa-
bility of bringing immense armies into the field.
Its boasted million of troops may prove to be not
fabulous. The weak point of Russia was supposed,
atthe commencement of the war, to lie in its finances
The Times elaborately endeavoured to prove
that the blockade which we had it in our power to
enforce would so cripple the resources of Russia
that its trade would be annihilated, its Exchequer
emptied, and its paper money no better than the
-money of the first French revolution. In all this, as
in other calculations by which it was attempted to
depreciate the capabilities of Russia, the Tames and
its supporters and followers reckoned without their
host. The Emperor knows what he is about,
• and be knows much of which those who under-
value his sagacity are profoundly ignorant. Let it
be remembered that at the close of the last war,
Russia, consulting the late Lord Ashburton, and
others of the leading financial authorities of
Europe, took exactly the opposite course with
respect to its circulating medium to that which we
adopted. Russia, fortunately for her, had no Peel.
Her paper money had-,- like our own, depreciated.
But Russia did not attempt, as we did by the Bill
of 1819, to return immediately to cash payments.
The Russians kept their paper money out just as
it was, and when Lord Ashburton was asked in
his examination before the House of Commons, in
1836, "By maintaining the paper at its old depre-
ciated value, is your Lordship aware whether any
great embarrassment has-followed in Russia in con-
sequence ?" his answer- was, "I do not believe
there has."
In the panic of 1847 the Emperor was able to
assist the Bank of France - by supplying that esta-
blishment with 2,000,0001. sterling of bullion is
exchange for stock. A decree was issued on the
30th March, 1847, for the investment of 4,600,0001.
in foreign- securities, in which it was stated that
the stock of bullion at St. Petersburg was not less
than 20,000,0001. sterling at that time. There has
been no panic in Russia. It is evident enough
that the Czar knows something about the currency
question.

With respect to the effect of the blockade,
it is stated by Mr. Wilson, the Treasury Secre-
tary, that exports from Russia have been made I
nearly to the same extent as usual, while the
imports have been greatly curtailed. A despotic
Government in the matter of exports and imports
has a great advantage over a constitutional one.
It can at any moment prohibit, by the most
stringent penal enactments, the import of the
manufactures of a hostile state. Russia is doubt-
less doing this. While her produce finds au easy
transit through Germany, her markets are closed
against our goods. The only effect at present
produced by the blockade appears to be that the
British consumer of Russian produce has to pay
a greatly increased price for it. We maintain
fleets at an immense expense which do no harm
to Russian commerce, but inflict a heavy tax, in
the shape of increased prices, on our own people.
In payment of goods exported from Russia, gold
and silver will, therefore, be sent to St. Peters-
burg ; their exportation is prohibited by the Czar.
The spirit of commercial enterprise is so subtle,
and the facility of intercourse throughout Europe
so great, that we doubt whether it will be found
possible to prevent Russia from disposing of the
flax, hemp, tallow, and -timber which it produces
of such excellent quality. The Czar will carry on
a profitable trade, in spite of all that we can do.
Now as to the depreciation of the paper
money, what is the fact ? " The exchange at St.
Petersburg," says Mr. Wilson, " had, under the
first influence of the war, fallen to 32d. per rouble.
Latterly it has gradually risen, and is now exactly
at par, or 38d. the rouble, notwithstanding that iu
the meantime an enormous forced issue of paper
money has been made, a further rise of a single
penny, or even less, will so far turn the exchange
in favour of St. Petersburg, that in spite of all
effort or all law, gold will be drained from the
vaults of Threadneedle-street to replenish the bul-
lion reserves in the fortresses of St. Peter's and St.
Paul's in the Russian capital."
The Czar, we repeat, knows what he is
about. He has acted, in our opinion, wisely in
providing—by what Mr. Wilson calls "forced,"
but by what we should call "adequate, supplies"
of paper money, a domestic circulating medium for
Russia. This paper-money, if properly managed,
and received for national taxes, may be kept fom
any serious depreciation. If the war proceeds,
and fresh taxes are raised, the paper currency of
Russia will allow the producer, by adding taxation
to value, to obtain a remunerative price. Prices of
all commodities will rise, then, in this paper money.
The prices of the precious metals will also probably
rise, but in lower proportion ; for the Czar forbids
their exportation,they will no longer be required for
money, as their place may, if necessary, be entirely
supplied by paper money. In the meanwhile the
Emperor will, without difficulty, obtain and retain
a sufficiency of the precious metals for all foreign
emergencies.
Let it be remembered that it is a fact that within
the last few months the exchange at St. Petersburg
upon London has risen nearly 20 per cent,, and
that, in spite of the war, Russia is prospering.
And what, let it be asked, is there to prevent
this country from adopting the best and most
convenient of all currencies ? Why should
not we have cheap money ? Engaged as we
are in a war which is already heavily taxing
our resources, and of which the issue must
depend upon ability to crush our powerful
antagonist into submission, it is our wisdom to
do everything we can to increase the ability of the
people to bear the increased demands on their re-
sources. We receive immense amounts of bullion
from Australia, but it drains away to other nations,
and on our power to retain a sufficient amount of
gold hangs the commercial and financial prosperity
of this great nation.
There is nothing to prevent England from having
cheap money and a sufficient supply of it—a supply
which would enable us to bear almost any amount
of taxation, and yet to prosper—but the grand
philosophical principle of Sir Robert Peel, viz.,
gold at 3/. 17s. 1W,(1. an ounce !
Let gold be bought and sold, like any other com-
modity, at the price it will fetch in the market, and
a paper currency, including 1/. notes, be provided
for home circulation, and England will be able, as
she is willing, to persevere in the just and necessary
warfare in which she is engaged, till success crowns
her endeavours.

THE POLISH ASS/VERSA Y AND ITS
SUGGESTIONS.

Next Wednesday, the 29th of November, is the
twenty-fourth anniversary of the famous Polish Revolu-
tion of 1830. The occasion will naturally be turned to
France,
by the Polish refugees in Great Britain and
-ucominee,rawoho have been in the habit hitherto of annually
of their nation
an event so remarkable in the history
been arran nn
;.and several meetings have, we believe,
Englishmen
London and other English towns, at
which
to take part, and to move—in
circumstances particularly appropriate—the question of
the expediency otagireving a Polish direction to the critical
war ba which we
Dudley Stuart leavesntre engaged. The death of Lord
country without the man whose
antecedents would hayo best entitled him to raise the
question at the present but the whole nation
Wednesda
has the word " Poland" moment '
its lips,
and the meetings of
y next will but
is universal. express locally a feeling which
Had this feeling been ripe some months
word " Poland" been pronounced ago—had the
the present contest—had our Gover
leat
t an earlier stage in
France seen the necessity at first of and that of
tt
through Poland—the aspect of affairs awoaucliciing Russia.
very different from what it now is. Instead have ben
of being '
a state of panic respecting the fate of our brave armies-
in
'
the East—unCertain whether, after all, the issue of
the
war will be for us or for Russia—we should in all
pro-
bability have reduced Russia by this time into a st,aeo
weakness from which she could not have recovered, and
have been in a position to deal with Nicholas as a van-
quished
man. Had our Baltic fleet, instead of being
sect out on an idle mission, to cruise about, blockading
the Russian coasts, and trying ball-practice here and
there against a stray fort, been sent out with instruc-
tions to attack Riga, and land some 12,000 soldiers at
that or any other point of the Baltic provinces conve-
nient for the purpose, the effect would have been to ex-
plode at once all the eager populations of old Poland
about the ears of the Czar, and so to have shattered him
and his system. At that time be was not prepared f n-
teach a danger ; and the number of his forces in the re-
gions in which he would have been attacked, were quite

insufficient to cope with a Polish insurrection acting in
co-operation with a small invading army of the allies,
supported by their fleets in the Baltic. This is not the
mere speculation of newspaper writers ; it is
the conviction of all military authorities ; and
had our Government judged solely from the
military point of view —had their sole object
been to damage Russia most ruinously, by the most
effective means, and in the shortest possible space.of
time—they would have been bound to acknowledge that
this was the plan:
' But the British and French Governments did not
judge solely from the military point of view. Their ob-
ject was not to damage Russia most ruinously, by the
most effective means, in the shortest space of time. They
did want to damage Russia ; but they wanted to inflict
on her the minimum of damage that would bring her to
reason, and put an end to the temporary European
crisis. They wanted to beat Russia without rousing
new elements which would be beyond their powers of
management. They wanted to conduct the war so as to
satisfy certain narrow political conditions. They wanted,
in fact, to beat Russia without doing anything else in
the process of beating her. Hence the plan which they
actually adopted—an expedition to the Baltic to block-
ade the Russian coasts, and fight the Russian fleets if
they would come out ; and, latterly, an expedition to
the Crimea to assault Russia, in conjunction with the
Turks, and with them alone, in one valuable outpost of
the Russian empire. So far from rousing the Poles, it was
and has been till now, their policy to keep aloof
from the Poles, to discountenance the idea of a
Polish rising, and even to reject all assistance from
individual Polish volunteers. Some of the ablest Polish
military officers who had gone to Constantinople to offer
their services to the Turks have, by the influence of
Great Britain, been kept out of employment. So also
with volunteers from among the Hungarian officers. At
this moment we believe General Klapka, so celebrated
for his bravery and ability in the Hungarian war of in-
dependence, is living idly in a Swiss town, having been
obliged to return from Constantinople, where British
and Austrian influence prevented his request for a com-
mand even in Asia from being acceeded to by the Sul-
tan. In a similar manner Austrian influence has pro-
cured the dismissal of General Haug, celebrated in the
Austrian revolution of 1848-9, from the head-quarters
of Omar Pasha. _ _ _ _

Events, however, have signally proved that this po-
licy has been a huge blunder. Our Baltic expedition
has accomplished next to nothing ; and if our expedition
to the Crimea proves in the end successful, it will be at
a most enormous loss of gallant men ; and, after all, it
will be of little value, unless in so far as larger measures
may follow it up. It has been proved that the policy
of fighting Russia without calling out those elements
of Europe which are spontaneously and traditionally
anti-Russian whose historical mission, in fact,
it is to do the world's fighting against Rus-
sia must necessarily be a failure. This is now
perceived, and on the principle, " Better late than
never," teen of all parties and all classes—from writers
in the Quarterly Review, on the one hand, to writers in
democratic periodicals, on the other—are crying out that
we must throw away scruples, and fight Russia by
hurling against her nationalities, or whatever other force
can be used for the purpose. Being at war with Russia,
it is felt that we have the right to use such means as may
be most efficient to secure her defeat, even to sending
emissaries among her disaffected populations, supplying
them with arms, and fomenting insurrection-within her
boundaries.

- - This is what the nation feels, without distinction of
party. Government, of course, still lingers—a Govern-
ment, with Lord Aberdeen in it, will always linger—
before taking the step which the nation is urgent should
be taken. The reason of the hesitation is obvious.
Austria is in the way. That wretched Austrian alliance
hangs like a millstone round the necks of the Allied
Governments. It is an insurmountable difficulty in the
way of action against Russia through Polish instrumen-
tality. Gallic:la, now a part of the Austrian Empire,
must necessarily go along with the rest of Poland in
any movement that takes place ; so that to rouse
the Poles is to break with our ally Austria. But
for this, and a slightly similar consideration for Prussia,
there could not possibly be any hesitation on the part of
our Government. We have passed that point at which
there can remain in any British breast, save, perhaps,
that of Lord Aberdeen, any consideration for Russia
herself. Any lingering we may have had not to press
too hard upon Russia, has been effectually washed away
by the blood of the thousands of our countrymen slain
in the Crimea ; and, but for Austria, a summons to the
Poles, from the Cabinets of Great Britain and France,
would go forth to-morrow.
Such is the state of affairs to which the proposed
meetings on the Polish anniversary on Wednesday next
may very opportunely address themselves. The busi-
ness of these meetings, so far as Englishmen take part
in them, ought to be to express articulately the univer-
sal belief that the war has now come to such a point
that, even from reasons of pure expediency as regards
Great Britain herself, Poland must necessarily be called
into action against the Czar, and to signify this energe•
tically to the Government. The Austrian alliance will
doubtless be discussed in this connection ; and Go-
vernment will be called upon to take steps for
bringing that matter to an intelligible footing, by
openly summoning Austria to say, within forty-
eight hours, whether nhe is really with us er -really
against us—whether she will practically be our ally in
arms, or whether she will abandon us, leave us free,
and take the consequences. This is absolutely essential
now ; for what do the last news say ? that the Emperor
Nicholas is again inviting a negotiation through Aus-
tria, on the basis of "the four points ! Are we going
to let Austria lead us another dance of negotiation ? If
not, let us tell her so, and be done with her.—Glasuoui
Com2nontocalik.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.—Nov. 28.

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.

(Nisi Prius Sittings at Westminster before Mr. Justice
Cresswell.)
COPLEY Y. TUBB.

This was an antion by the plaintiff, who was recently
an ensign in the 88th Regiment, against the defendant,
a horse-trainer at Winchester, to recover 251., lent by
the plaintiff to the defendant. The defendant pleaded
the general issue.
Mr. Sergeant Atkinson and Mr. Hance were counsel
for the plaintiff; and Mr. Edwin James, Q.C., for the
defendant.

It appeared from the plaintiff's evidence that in June
last, and whilst he was stationed with his regiment at
Winchester, he met the defendant at Twyford races.
Defendant told him that a mare, named Michaelmas
Maid, was for sale, and proposed that they should pur-
chase her between them, and "go halves." Plaintiff
sail Le would, but after the race she was claimed by one
of the stewards, so the purchase was not effected. The
next day defendant called upon him, and said there was
a horse to be sold cheap at Newmarket, and asked him
if be would "go halves" in that. Plaintiff said he would
not. Defendant then asked him to lend him 25/. to buy
the horse, and plaintiff drew a cheque on his agents and
got it cashed at the bank at Winchester, and gave bins
the money. Defendant afterwards told him that the
horse had been sold, but that he had purchased another.
About six weeks after plaintiff applied to him for repay-
ment of the loan. He first asked a Mr. Russell to apply
for it, and then he wrote to defendant, saying, " Unless
you repay me the 25/. borrowed of me on or before
s-,aturday next, I shall cause proceedings to be taken
against you." Defendant replied, "I am going to Lon-
don the first thing in the morning, and will call upon
you on Monday, upon my return." Defendant did not
call, and had not paid him the money.
On cross-examination, plaintiff stated that he sold out
of the 88th in September last. He knew defendant
through Lieut. Poole, of the 88th, who had "gone
halves" with defendant in a mare called Kiss-me-Quick.
Plaintiff had no interest in that mare at all. Whilst at
Twyford races defendant proposed to "go halves" with
plaintiff in Michaelmas Maid, and he consented, but they
could not have her. Defendant afterwards asked him
to go halves in a horse at Newmarket, and bought a
Racing Calendar to show his pedigree. Plaintiff refused.
Was not obliged to sell out because he had killed a dog
in the mess-reem. Had killed a retriever there because
it had bitten a brother officer, and had attempted to bite
him. Had not fought cats in the mess-room ; but bad
obtained cats for fighting elsewhere. Had seen cats
killed by dogs. The other officers had remonstrated
with him about killing tho dog in the mess-room, but
not because he had fought cats. It had nothing what-
ever to do with his selling out, mid he was still a mem-
ber of the mess.

John Russell, superintendent of the Parcels Delivery
offices, at the George Hotel, Winchester, deposed that
at plaintiff's request he wrote to. defendant to call upon
him. Defendant came, and witness said to him, " You
owe Mr. Copley corns money, don't yeu l" to which de-
fendant replied, "Yes, I owe him 251." Witness told
him he had got a bill in his pocket for his n accep ta ce,
but defendant declined to put his name to it, and said
" Mr. Copley was to have gone halves in a horse with
me, but he afterwards declined it, and I was not sorry,
for I wished to have the horse to myself."
On cross examination witness stated that he bad lent
plaintiff money at other times. Plaintiff never told him
it was to go halves in a horse with defendent. Plaintiff
had repaid all the money borrowed of witness.
Mr. James then addressed the jury for the defence,
and called
The defendant, who, after giving a similar account
to the plaintiff about the meeting at Twyford races,
and the proposal to purchase Michaelmas Maid, said
that plaintiff and he went into a booth together, and
had some wine. Plaintiff said, "Never mind Michael.
mas Maid, we will have a better one, and beat her ;
and I will go halves with you." Plaintiff got
drunk, and witness saw him home. Defendant had
a letter in his pocket from Newmarket about three
horses, and the next morning he took the letter to
plaintiff, and also the Racing Calendar, containing an
account of the performances of the horses. Plaintiff de-
cided to advance 251. to buy a horse. Ha said he
would "go halves" in it, as Mr. Poole had done in
Riga-me-Quick, and he came and lunched at defendant's
house, and drew a cheque there, and they went toe-ether
to the bank and got the money. He then went to Now-
market and bought a horse, and after he had brought
hmtoWinchester plaintiff came and examined him.
Plaintiff advised him to run the horse at Odiham races,
Plaintiff said,
and he did, but the h
him." The horse erY
plaintiff earns to horse did not win. The next time
.sle stable he named Jersey to him.
won at a sale stakeswell, let him go, but don't lose
went, to Jersey, and ran there, and
be-
tween 20/. and 30/. to and they were obliged to give be-
plaintiff of this, andplaintiff
fr his being, sold. He told
want
tembered seeing Russell.
be much profit left. He
Witness replied, i‘Riurs.scelolpslaciyd
letonthyimou, observed there would not
O U for the 251.
I certainly
shall not give it, for I don't owe him 251. <<;
we
baveohuar.
had
horse transactions together, but thatis between