The Sun.
London, England, 1854-07-24 00:00:00

Norm. SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS

"This place fills up an hiatus which the Crystal Palace leaves
wanting. Vocal and instrumental music of the first order, and A
display of fireworks which exceeds all imaqination, are a fitting
close to a day at the Crystal Pala ce."—DANSON S COLOSSAL
PANOLIA.M Aof CBUSAN Splendid and Extensive Menagerie an I
Marine Aquarium—Unrivalled Military Band—Vocal and Instrumen-
tal Concert, in which Miss Poole, Miss }Lansford, and Mr. Manvers
sing several National and Patriotic Songs—All the Amusing Novelties
of the Gardens In succession, concluding with the " Feast of Lan-
terns," and a most magnificent display •of Fireworks by Southby
Admission One Shilling. N.B. Grand Ball d'Ete in a splendid
Pavilion 150 feet long. Full Quadrille Band, Re.

A STLErs ROYAL A.MPRITH EAT it 1.r..
Lessee and Manager, Mr. William Cooke.

SUCCESS of the "COSSACKS; or Viva la France," equal to that
of the Battle of Waterloo or Mazeppa. Screams of laughter at the
new Anglo-French, Russo-TarlEhh, Witty and Patriotic Burlesque.

THIS EVENING,
The War Spectacle, THE COSSACKS; or, Vive la France.
After which, LICE; F.LUS DE L'ARENE ; or, Scenes in the
CIRCLE—in which Mia 3 Emily Cooke and Mr. Alfred Cooke will
appear.
The Brothers Francisco will perform ; also, the German Brothers.
To conclude with Mr. T. Simpson's Burlesque de Circonstance,
RUSiLA. AGAINSt' TURKEY NOW ON TRIAL.
Box-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W .
West.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Toga DAY —Morning 31 min.after 1 I Evening 50 rnin.aft. 1
To•Hoaaow—Morning 9 min.after 2 Evening 28 min.aft. 2

THE WEATHER.—Sum Ornam, JULY 23.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. '
81.— highest since noon yesterday.
61—lowest this morning and daring the night.
77—this day, at noon.
BAROMETER, 30'28—falling a little.
WIND, variable and light, moving N.W. to W.,noon
S., with splendid summer weather, not a cloud 11 over
the one bright blue sky.

JULY 24.
83—highest since noon yesterday.
63—lowest this morning and during the night.
79 —this day at noon.
Banomz'rzn, 30'24.
•
WIND, S.E.—Fine breeze, and bright sunshiny weather,

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LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 24, 1854.

The grave questions which to-night will be put
in issue are not, and ought not, to be made the
subjects of a mere party debate. They may be

stated in many forms, and illustrated by varied tendom.
details, but they may all be resolved into two In the communication referred to, the CZAR, at
general ones. Has the Ministry erred on the Rus- last, boldly avows through his Minister his de-
sian war question or not ? and if it has, is the termination to seize at all cost, and to absorb
error attributable to venial or to censurable into his own dominions, the invaded Danubian
causes 7 We sincerely regret to be compelled to Principalities. Not another syllable now about
take the more painful view of both questions. retaining Moldavia and Wallachia simply as "ma-
We believe the Ministry has erred, and that it has terial guarantees " for the recognition by the
erredthroughthe culpablepredilectionsofsome of its Sultan of his right to assume supreme authority
most influentialmembers. Individualsinthe Cabinet over the whole multitude of the Greek Christians.
doubtless sympathise largely with the national feel- The provinces are not to be held for a time
ing, but we speak of it as a body which votes in merely now, but to be secured to Russia in per-
secret (though it will not let other Englishmen do petuity. And this, moreover, without consult-
so), and which we know only by its resolutions as ing in any way the wishes of the inhabitants. So
developed in action. We have, indeed, much fear far, indeed, are those unfortunate inhabitants
that even those members of the Cabinet who share from being allowed any choice in the matter
not in English hatred of Russian ambition, du- whatever, that it is distinctly intimated to Baron
plicity, meanness, and despotism, have yet far too BUDBERG by Count NESSELRODE that their chiefs,
much goodwill towards another despotism quite the Boyards and other authorities, are to be se-
as cruel, perjured, and mean—the despotism sym- verely punished (the more severely the better)
bolised by Spielberg, and worthily represented by for manisfesting any disrelish for the Russian
the Archduchess Sofirra and her paramour JELL A - interference, with a view to the establish-
CHICH ; and between these two tendernesses for ment and consolidation of the CZAR'S right of
two of the vilest despotisms of the age, the Turks Protectorship over the Principalities. This is
have been only half helped, Russia has been literally the declaration now made in the face of
spared, we have had a Sinope, a loss of the Tiger, day by the Councils of St. Petersburg. It is de-
and a Gamla Karleby, but see Sevastopol fortified dared in the name of his Imperial master, by
by land as well as by sea, Cronstadt laughing at NESSELRODE, that, ever since the commencement
vessels too big to molest it, and the dangers and of his " glorious reign," the idea has filled his
losses to be ultimately incurred by our armies and heart and mind—not merely the idea, but the
our ships incalculably increased. If the national profound and unalterable conviction, that he has
feeling succeed in compelling the Cabinet to take received a commission from GOD to bring under
"material guarantees" from Russia, it must now his broad rule, wherever they might be situated,
be at the cost of tenfold more British and French all the members of the Greek Church, or, as the
blood than would have been needed had we but CZAR and his Minister designate them haughtily,
had from the beginning a Ministry which really all the orthodox believers in Christianity. With
hated the CzA.B, as he deserves, and which would this simple and deliberate assurance before us,
, . have said to Austria, "With you, if you like ; but it becomes manifest that the present con-
if you don't like, then mind your own business flict is the most desperate, and implacable,
and let us attend to ours, at the peril of you and sanguinary of all wars, a war in the
know what if you don't." name of religion—a war, the evil genius of
We have read dispassionately and carefully the which is the pitiless and remorseless spirit of
Counsel's speeches for the Minis
try in the Edin- fanaticism. It is, of course, we all know that, a
burgh, but, all petty details aside, w
any mortals who knew the odious and we
ask how - struggle between liberalism and. autocracy, a fierce
critical and final contention between the arch representa-
ambition of the Cz&n by the Says?° cor- tive of barbarism, and the principal and re•
respondence;—and who knew the helplessness, cognised champions. of civilisation. But beyond all
the bankruptcy, and the prostration
eria, now shuddering at. the ghosts of Aus- this, it is a religious struggle, a struggle between
i
of 71- rival creeds, or rather one between the most
numerable patriots, now trembling
at the enormous schism upon earth, and, together with
growl of the Northern Bear----how any set of men the soldiers of freedom, the armed defenders of
could place the least faith in either ; or
how they the true Christianity. Upon the Emperor
could be justified in dealing with either as a reli- Nicemeas
able or hopeful government 7 We cannot think personally must devolve the dread
responsibility of having lit the brand and
that men of common sense could doubt that the sounded
the tocsin of this new and most
conservation of despotism and the acquisition of terrible
of
object of two such states. defiance to all religiousAiii warfares. His insolent
territory was the real the
Allies provoked to rise against
Hence we are unable to disbelieve that the two him by his late criminal proceedings, a defiance
vilest governments of their magnitude on earth sufficiently expressed in his name by NESSELRODE,
had, in fact, more of the good-will ef our Cabinet when that statesman speaks scornfully of the
than the down-trodden nations of Europe. To spare powerless nations of Europe given up to false be-
Russia Sir CHAR NAPrER was sent without gun- liefs, plainly declares to the whole world that the
LES
Baltic, and our Black Seafleet CZ AR is too much inflated
boats and troops to the by
much pride, too much in-
lingeredand the Bosphorus, when flamed by ambition, too ,
in Besika Bayinfuriated by fana-
it Sinope, have opened ticism, too much distraught in
ought to have prevented judgment by a con-
theshown to be prat- 1 fidence iu his own might, and •
Danube—a thing now just a belief in the utter
ticable, and have destroyed Sevastopol before it 1 helplessness of hie antagonists', even when banded
To I together against him—ever to listen •
had time to accumulate its present garrison. again merely
Po- i to the bland proposals of diplomacy for negotia-
lish Austria the Turks were deprived of a negotia-
lish legion, and Polish and Hungarian officers, tions leading ultimately to the chance of a pacifi-
much as they needed them ; and Turkey's worst , cation.
, Fanaticism like this, ambition like this '
enemy was forced upon the SULTAN to occupy 1 . is, pride
the provinces which his troops were libe- : like this, can never be conquered otherwise than
rating a consummation happily prevented ,by the hard blow dealt at once with the precision of
by the poltroonery and barefacedly selfish perfidy certainty and the coolness of fate, and. yet apparent-
of Austria herself. Much as we rejoice that •lyll o less with all the fury of resistless determination.
OVER PASHA has rendered Austrian occupation The AUTOCRAT has so spoken, has so acted, that
of the provinces superfluous, yet even the lead- it were little short of madness to oppose him in any
ing Vienna journal in this country cannot conceal other way than with all the force at the disposal
that it sees as plainly as we do the deplorable of the allied Governments. England and France
shabbiness of a great Military power being ready have 'lt at this moment in their power so to -act,

that, with GOD'S help, they may bring this dread
war with Russia to a speedy and' decisive issue.
In pursuance of his blasphemous course, when
closing his first and most mendacious Manifesto
with a verse from the Royal Psalmist, and when
chanting Te Deuni in his Cathedral over
a brutal and lawless massacre of his
fellow-creatures, the CZAR has dared to assert as a
simple fact, through the document penned in his
name by his imperial Chancellor NESSELRODE--
-that he is with GOD and that GOD is with him
—adding in proof of the veracity of his avowal that
victory still continues on the side of Russia !
Victory still on the side of Russia—notwithstand-
ing the Turkish triumphs of Giurgevo, and Tur-
tukai, and Citate, and Oltenitza, notwithstanding
the driving back of the Muscovite invaders from
the Danube to the Sereth, notwithstanding their
repulse under the glorious ramparts of Silistria, not-
withstanding the destruction, since the commence-
ment of the campaign, of nearly 50,000 of the
Russian soldiers, and the killing of their
two great generals, LUDERS and SCHILDERS,
and the wounding of their joint commanders
GORTZCHAKOFF and PASKIEWITCH ! In spite
of all which facts, patent to the knowledge
of any one who reads the newspapers, NESSELRODE,
speaking in the name of the Czar NICHOLAS, in
the flagitious and mendacious document in which
he urges Baron BUDBERG to deal heavily with the
recusant Boyards of Wallachia, asserts, has the
consummate effrontery to assert, that victory
is on the side of Russia, venturing upon
this monstrous untruth in testimony that
the CZAR is with GOD, and that GOD is with
his Government ! The blasphemies of the
AUTOCRAT could scarcely go further. To avenge
and silence whose impious audacity alone, if for
no other reason—England and France should
tarry no longer, but arise in their might, and,
with humble reliance upon the aid of HEAVEN, vin-
dicate the justice of their cause, the justice of a
cause which is not one of political conquest or of
territorial spoliation, but one simply in behalf of
peace and of humanity, of religion as opposed to
fanaticism, of civilization as opposed to barbarism,
of freedom as opposed to autocracy.

A subject of deep and paramount importance
will be discussed, and possibly decided, this even-
ing. The guardians of the public purse are in-

vited to surrender the trust confided to their
charge—to permit Lord ABERDEEN and his col-

leagues to dispose at his and their mere will and
pleasure of no less than three millions sterling of
the public money, and that without having the
slightest notion as to the mode in which that
money is to be applied, or how a considerable
portion of it is to be raised. Would it be wise,

or even constitutional, to concede this unreason.

able request ? Can the popular branch of the
Legislature be thus permitted not merely to abdi-
cate its functions, but to transfer them to other
hands ? Can any amount of " confidence" justify
a proceeding so insane and suicidal ? No matter
whether the Minister for the time being required
the " curb" or the " spur"—whether he :was
desirous of pressing on vigorously and decisively,
even incautiously and recklessly, or lingering in
the background, so as to render the British power
more formidable to friends than foes, the Commons
House of Parliament should vindicate its own
position, and refuse to transfer the control and
management of affairs from its own hands to any
others, however capable or deserving. The most
trusted and trustworthy should not demand so
great a sacrifice, nor should the chosen represen-
tatives of the people disgrace themselves by esta-
blishing a precedent so fraught with danger to
popularrights and privileges as that now attempted
to be established.

What is it that has established the predominance
of the democratic element in the British Constitu-
tion ? What is it that has insured the ultimate
success of any matter emphatically and decisively
taken up by the multitude, in favour whereof the
voice of public opinion has audibly pronounced ?
Simply the tightness of the hold retained
over the national purse-strings by the elective
branch of Parliament, by those who must peri-_
odically render accounts of their respective
stewardships, and on the faith of their past con-
duct found their claims for a renewal of confidence.
It is that which gives strength and vitality to
" the pressure from without." If that were yielded
either to force or fraud, farewell to the British
Constitution. Ministries would no longer be com-
posed of squeezable materials. The limited
Monarchy, the boast and pride of our forefathers,
could no longer be maintained, and we should be
satisfied to live under a despotism or an oligarchy !
What is now achieved by a peaceful vote in the
Lower House could then only be attained by
street-fighting.. Our " revolutions " would no
longer be "bloodless." If the Government be-
came unpopular, the feeling might no longer be
appeased by a change of Ministers. The dynasty
might be imperilled, and the throne of our be-
loved SOVEREIGN endangered by a criminal yield-
ing to the unjustifiable demands of her Cabinet.
It has become so common as to have passed
into a proverb, that "what has been acquired
by British arms, has 'been lost by British
diplomacy." Are we to place additional powerin
the hands of these incompetent negotiators to
remove the only check that can influence their
proceedings ? We have already seen the futility
of their attempts to bring about a favourable
solution of the existing difficulty—have deplored
the time wasted previously to the commencement
of the present Session. The convocation of Par-

liament, however, supplied the necessary stimulus,
auesomething was done almost immediately after
the delivery of the Royal Speech. To what, then,
are we indebted for the little that has been ac-
complished, save to the necessity of satisfying the
representatives of the British people ? Lord
ABERDEEN would scarcely favour the public
with explanations or renunciations of any
declarations he might have made, or views
that might have improvidently been brought
to light, if there were no impending motion
to be got rid of—no inconvenient ques-
tion to be shelVed. We owe much to Parlia-
ment, but never has its influence and power
been more urgently required than at the present
time ; and if, in consideration of its past labours,
we feel called upon to consent to a temporary va-
cation, it cannot be for a very protracted period.
We are fully aware of the many serious objec-
tions to an autumnal sitting. It will not do to
have " all work and no play;"
,and legislators and
Ministers require relaxation as well as those en-
gaged in other avocations. But surely two
months are amply sufficient for the pursuit of
health or pleasure, and they may easily return to
their duties in October ; so far, at least, as to de-
cide on questions relating to the war, and the
granting of the necessary supplies for its continu-
ance. Never, indeed, was a meeting of Parlia-
ment more essential to the welfare, not merely of
the British nation, but to the interests of the
civilised world—to the safety of freedom and con-
stitutional government where they now exist, and
to their progress through other lands, in which,
as yet, they are unknown. The members of
Parliament who, at such an emergency,
would suffer themselves to be influenced by any
personal considerations, either of anticipated en-
joyments that must be relinquished, or possible
inconvenience that may be sustained by the au-
tumnal session are unworthy of their position, and
should make way for better men. Let them "go
in for boredom," or anything else they think
.proper, but no longer seek the suffrages of inde-
' pendent constituencies—who require more earnest
and devoted persons for the performance of the
indispensable work which' the others are too in-
dolent or too much " used up " to discharge.

A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday afternoon at
the Foreign-office, Downing-street. It was attended by
the Earl of Aberdeen, Lord John Russell, the Marquis
'
of Lansdowne, the Lord Chancellor, the Duke of
Argyll, Viscount Palmerston, the Earl of Clarendon,
Sir George Grey, the Duke of Newcastle, Sir James
Graham, Sir Charles Wood, Sir William Molesworth,
and Earl Granville. The Council sat one hour and a
half.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Mrs. Gladsfone
left town on Saturday, on a visit to Mr.
Currie, %Vest
Horsley Place, near Guildford.
Despatches were received at the Colonial-office on
Saturday from the Governor of Malta and the Governor
of Ceylon.

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