The Sun.
London, England, 1853-09-06 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON. TUESDAY EVENING; SEPTEMBER 6, 1853.

LITERATURE.

Bradshaw's Guide to Belgium, and the Rhine.
With Maps and Illustrations. Bradshaw and

Blacklock:

A delightful companion for the tourist, either on
the steam-boat or in the railway carriage—a com-
panion always agreeable, instructive, full of plea-
sant anecdote and other innocent sources of amuse-
ment. It is great praise we allow, but praise to
which the little volume before us is eminently en-
titled. " Bradshaw's Guide" will henceforth com-
mand (and deservedly) the same regard in the
estimation of those who care for economy—which
has long been extended to " Murray's Hand-book"
by such as are indifferent to all but the aggregate
of their expenditure. " Murray" will still occupy
a position of undisputed pre-eminence with the
wealthy and the well-to-do among travellers • but
" Bradshaw" will no less certainly secure the fa-
vour of all those tourists (and " their name is
legion ") who are really anxious to make the most
of their money during the pleasures of an
autumnal excursions on the Continent. As
the title-page of the portable, volume here
presented to the public intimates, this guide
or hand-book is intended for all travellers in
Belgium or the Rhine, and through portions' of
Rhenish Prussia. It combines brevity of style
with abundant variety of information—and from
first to last, moreover, the information is worth
having too, being really practical and serviceable
information. At the outset you have all that you
want to listen to about diligences, about barriers,
about roads, about hotels, and money, and paSs-
ports, and posting, and railroads, and have, be-
sides all this, a bill of fare, telling you 'the exact
prices charged at the different railway stations for
refreshments. Then, supposing you are going
along the customary route through Belgium, you
are conducted by the compiler of the guide-book
successively through Brussels, and Antwerp, and
Bruges, and Ypres, and Mons, and Quievrain,
and Charleroi, and so on through Cologne and
Ghent, and divers other localities scarcely
less picturesque. Supposing, on the other hand,
you purpose travelling up the Rhine, you are
presented with capital descriptions of Rotterdam,
• Anaheim, Coblentz, Mayence, Frankfort, Stras-
burg, Basle, Carlsruhe • Baden, Offenburg, Con-
stance, Freiburg, and gchaffhausen. And in no
place does the book weary with a dull record of
uninteresting intelligence. It never bores you
with what you don't care two straws for—the
" tale told by rote," in the instance of every hack-
neyed cicerone. Instead of that, directly you
reach any remarkable-town, you are informed suc-
cinctly which are the best hotels, from the most
reasonable in their charges to the most extrava-
gant, their own names, the names of their land-
lords, and the precise spot in which they are situ-
ated. An accurate map of the' city is then
spread before you, with all the streets and
suburbs clearly defined, as well as all the
churches and other public buildings of im-
portance. You are thereupon informed, among
other things, of the exact geographical position of
the place, of the number of its inhabitants, and of
whatever may be most interesting in its history or
in that of its population. You are instructed as to
the name of the principal shipbroker. The post-
office is pointed out, and you are even directed to
the stands of cabs, fiacres, or vigilantes. Scattered
through the volume are a profusion of miniature
woodcuts—no very brilliant works of art, it is true,
but answering all the purposes for which they are
intended. In these little engravings are portrayed,
one by one, the interior of a church, or the
exterior of it, or a town-hall, or a theatre, or
a bridge, or even a pulpit, or some structure,
large or small as the case may be, deserving
of particular examination. Minute though
the pictures are and roughly though they
may be executed, they give one a sufficiently vivid
notion of the object to be examined, so that it may
at once be recognised. Aided by such a guide as
this you can scarcely by any chance miss seeing
whatever is at all worthy of inspection. Nothing
can well be overlooked or forgotten, even in the
profusion of celebrated scenes to be visited. An-
other feature in the present work demands, we
cannot but think, some commendatory reference.
It may be perceived on the instant by turning, for
example, to the pages dedicated to the subject of
Brussels—in which pages will be found compressed
together a mass of singularly useful information.
Under the heading of " English Directory" will be
found a list of professional gentlemen and trades-
men whom the editors of the said book deem
worthy of their strongest recommendation—phy-
sician, dentist, chemist, solicitor, and shoemaker, as
well as establishments in which may be procured
lace, gloves, tailoring, millinery, books, and news-
papers. Directly you come to the Rhine you have
a panoramic view of the river stretched out
before you, along which you may trace with
the utmost facility the course of your se-
veral movements. Throughout all this, the
writers contrive to interspers in their narra-
tive historical allusions, biographical references,
anecdotes, and poetical quotations, apposite to the
occasion, and thus throwing over the whole sketch
a charm delightfully gossipping and conversational.
Sometimes the information given appears to us' we
will allow, rather too meagre to be quite satisfac-
tory. While in other instances (though these, like
the former, are rare), the 'account seems unneces-
sarily elaborated. But we remember that in a
compilation of this comprehensive character con-
siderable allowances are absolutely requisite ; and
we are sufficiently conscious withal, that' less de-
mands of this kind are made upon, our forbearance
by the book under consideration, than perhaps by
another work of a similar kind which at the pre-
sent moment we can call to our recollection. It is
a production we feel satisfied which cannot possi-
bly fail to enhance, and that rather largely, the
indefatigable " Bradshaw's" already world-wide
reputation.

THE NORTHUMBERLAND HERRING FISHERY.—The
herring fishery along the coast, snore especially since
our last, has been remarkably successful. A great
number of boats are engaged in the employment, and
there would be a glut of herrings in the local markets
were it not for the railways, which convey immense
quantities into the interior. Prices have ranged
within the past eight days from 10s. to 20s. per
thousand. Our fishermen, however, suffer considerable
obstruction from the French luggers, nearly a couple
of hundreds of which are engaged in fishing on the
Northumberland coast. With the exception of the
Yorkshire boats, our men generally employ small cables
in the fishing, whilst the French luggers have crews of
15 hands each on board ; and notwithstanding the fishery
laws prescribe that they shall not cast their nets within
three leagues of the nearest promontory, they come so
close as a mile and a mile and a half from the beach,
and a great amount of unpleasantness has arisen, and
serious injury has been done to the nets and gearing of
our men. The Frenchmen's gear is much heavier
than those used by the fishermen on our coast,
and they have also a strong warp, and innumerable tubs
attached to their nets. The men also on board their
lug,gers being in the proportion of three to one to the men
in our boats, they shoot their nets over those of the Eng-
lish fishermen, and do them considerable injury. Several
English boats' companies have suffered considerably in this
may. The English fishermen accuse the Frenchmen of
cutting their nets and stealing their fish, and altogether,
for want of the fishing regulations being enforced, a
most unhappy feeling has sprung up between the fisher-
men of the two nations. There is, indeed, one sloop
of war, the Archer, on the coast, but she is insuffi-
cient 'to protect the entire fishery. The French also
have a sloop of war cruising off the coast, employed
to see that the fishermen of that country are really
engaged in the fishing, as the Government give a
bounty to their fishermen upon the quantity of fish they
catch ; and in former years, they have found that their
men, instead of heaving their nets and filling their vessels
with the produce of their own industry, purchased their
cargoes of the English fishermen, and on arriving in port
claimed the bounty. It is highly desirable that, as in
North America, where the same regulations prevail,
and the fisheries, thanks to Lord Malmesbury, are now
properly protected, the Admiralty should send down
some additional force to protect our fishermen and com-
pel the French to observe the boundary line. At Berwick,
last week, three French. fishermen were brought before
the mayor and John Pratt, Esq., by the commander of
H.M.S. Archer, charged with fishing within the pre-
,scribed limits. They all pleaded guilty, and two of
them were fined 6/. each, and the third 6/. and 1/. addi-
tional for damage done to a net belonging to one of the
English fishing-boats. The mayor seated that the next
time any of them were brought forward he would in-
liict the full penalty of 101. in each case.—Newcastle
Journal.

MRS. HARRIET BEECHER STOWE IN LEEDS.—Thi.si
distinguished authoress has just been on a visit to Leeds,
and during her stay hao been the guest of Edward
Baines, Esq., of Ileadingley Lodge. During her so-
journ she was presented with an address from the Anti-
Slavery Society of Leeds, a silver fruit basket by the
ladies of Leeds, and 100 sovereigns from readers of
!‘ Uncle Tom's Cabin." The presentations took place
at Headingley Lodge, in the presence of a numerous
party of ladies and gentlemen invited to be present, and
for whom an elegant collation was provided. The
Mayor of Leeds (John Hope Shaw, Esq.) presided on
the interesting occasion. The address of the Anti-
Slavery Society was presented by Mr. Wilson Armisted,
and the basket and sovereigns by Sir George Goodman,
Knt., M.P. Each of these gentlemen dwelt in terms of
high eulogy upon the, character and labours of Mrs.
Stowe in the cause of the slave. The brother of Mrs.
Stowe, the Rev. Mr. Beecher, read a written reply ac=
knowledging the compliment paid her by the presenta-
tions, referring at some length upon the state of slavery
in the United States, and expressing a confident hope
that that greatest curse of her native country would
eventually be abolished. Mrs. Stowe will take her de-
parture for New York in the Arctic, which sails from
Liverpool on Wednesday. She leaves England with
more haste than intended, in consequence of the illness
I of a daughter.

25
25
St.
50

St.
St.
St.
St.

26i
13k'
20

St.
20
St.
15

St.
20
5
St.

20
20
20
5
20 •
20A

20
20
20
20

T 1 ARE MARSETS.-(THIS DAY.)

BRITISH RAILWAYS.

100
L 1

RAILWAYS.

'Aberdeen .

.mbg. Nottng.l3ost.
& Eastn. June.......

Birmng. Wolverh.
5t0urVa11ey.........

184
100
100

Birkenhd.`Lit:nesh;i
Cheshire Junct......
Do. Chesh. & Birk.,
£5O & .£25 Cons....
Do., .£20....... ....... .
Bristol & Exeter......
Caledonian'.

Chester k Holyhead
Cork and Bandon....
Cork, J3ladk. & Pass.
Dublin&BelfastJune.
Dundee Perth &Aber-
deen Junction
Do. New

East Anglian (£25 L.
& E. & L. & D.).....
Do., (£lB E. & H.)..
Eastern Counties..
Eastern Union, Class
A. late E. U. 5h....
D0d0.....

Do., B. & C.....
East Lancashiro

East & West Ind. Dk.
& Birming. June._
Edinburgh & Glasgow
Edlnb. and Peebles...
Edinb.Prth. &Dunde,,
Glasgow & S. Western
Great Northern Stk..
Do., A. Stock
Do., B. Stock

Gt. §th.&West.(lre.
Great Western.......
Irish South-Eastern.
Lancaster & Carlisle.
Do., Thirds

al
11f
100

Laneash. &Yorkshire
Do., Fifths . ......
Wst. Riding Un.
Leeds Northern......

11
all
all
all

Liv. Crsby. &Soutbpt.
London & Blackwall
nd.lllb. & Sthend.
Lond. Bright. & S.Cst.
London &N. Western
Do. Fifths

1100
42

D0.,1G/.511.,ALC3...0
London & S.Western

1Do.:, £4O

Llidndrry . &Coleraine
Ludndrry. & Ennisk.
Manch.Shet&Lineln.
Do., Man. & Lin. Un.
Midland .....

100
41
100
100

Do. Birming. & Derby
Midland G. West.(lr.
Do. Shares ..........
•

Newcastle do Carlisle
ewm ark et

44 Do. Bury Extensions
174 Newpt.Aberg &Htfd.
. 74 Newry & Enniskillen
all Newry Warrenpoint
& Rostrevor
1100 N0rf01k................

100
100
100
100

21s.
1
100
20
11
100

Do.,
Do New.

INorihn. Counties Un
,North British

'North Devon, N 0.1..
'Do:, No.
Dc:; A Deferred
Do., A B Guaranteed
North Staffordshire..l
North Western........'

N. 4 S. Westru. Juuc
Oxford Worcester 4a,

Wolverhampton—.
Scottish Central .....
Scottish Midland.....

Shrewsbury &
Do., L. & N. Westn.
Guaranteed Stock...
Shrewsby. & Herold.
Shrewsby. & Chester
(Nor. W. Min.)......

Do. Halves, do:

'Do. Oswestry

Closing Prices
Yesterday.

4
-
- 104
9 - 711

19 -- 21
2i a
-- 100
65i 7- 66
20 21
18 19

2i 3.p
si 9.

3i 4
13 - 134

46 -- 48

34 -35 A
704- 744- 714

72 74

27. = 29

80 81
51i —52 i
129 - 131
109 111
86 86
7 7A
105 107
17 —lB p
74 744
5 5 d
3i
15 —15 i

81 -
14 -
100 - 101
!109 1094,
11 -
- 1 p
82 83

9 8d
8— 7 d
11 13
18 20
25 26
—d
68 —68 i
38 40

55 58
- R P
3§ 3 d
3

8 - 84
52 - 54

34 3 d
31 —32 i
8— 1

14 2
7
5 4idl
84 9
14 24 pl

47 - 48
95 - 97
63 - 65
62 - 64

100.
100
100
5
100

100
100
100
6
100
100

Shropshire Union
South Devon
South Eastern
South Wales
S. Yorksh. River Dun

Stockton & Hartlepl.
Thames Haven Docki
and Railway '
Vale of Neath

69 -- 71
18 -- 20
9 -- 10
13A -. 14A
18t - 3
20
d
68i -- 6911
36 -- 37
12} -13 A

Waterfd. do Kilkenny
Waterford&Limerick
West C0rnwa11.......,

Wmbledon &Croydon
Woodford
York Newctl. & Berw,
Do. Extensions.......
Do. G.N.E. Purchase
York & N. Midland..

27 - 29

2i
15 - 15L1
8 - 84
- 32
9i - 10

PREFERENC
lAberdeen

Do. No. 2, 7 p. c.
Bris. &Ex. 4 p. c. St.
Do. 4 p. c. Shares
Caledonian £lO

... .--. ...

67i 686
8
2 2d5
56

Chester & Holyhead
Guar. 54 per cont.:.
Cork &Bandou64p.c.
Dundee Perth &Aber-
deen Junction
EastAnglian (£3los)
6 per cent
Do. (a) 7 per cent
Do. (£7 7s) 7p. c
Eastern Comities Ex-

E SHARES.

tension, 5 p. c. No. 1
Do. No. 2

= 105

liiii icio

Do. New 6
.p. c. St.
Eastern Union, Scrip
Guar. 6 per cent
East Lancash.6 p. cts.
EdinbPrth.&Dundee
56 per cent.
Glasgow &S.Western
Guar. 5 per cent
Great Northn. 5 p. c
Do. 5 p. c. Redeem.,

19 -- 20
6i -- 6i
4 -- 4i
5 __ 54
-- lip
1 -- lip
1$ -- 1p
14 -1!
21 21t

Business done
this day.

13*

801 1
130

109 i

68f 8 x a

53i ad

69 si

68i pm

50
25
12
12t
20
St.l

30
20
1
40

30
1
10
23k

25
100
100
20

at 10p. c. prom.
Do. 4i p. c. Scrip •
Gt, Southn. &Westm
(Ireland) Eighths)
Gt. Westn. (Berks &
Hants E:.-. 5 p. c)
Do, cov. red. 4 A P.C
Do, con, red. 4 p. c
Do. irred. 4 p. e
Lan'. & York. F. £2O
Do. 6 P. C. Stock
London and Brish Lon
Guaranteed 5 p. c
Do. Pref., 5 p. C. St.
Do Couverti:Ae, 5 p.
c., 1852

IDo:New Guar.6 p. c.
London & S.Western
Con. Thirds

1125 =ik

.0 LondoildeiTy& Coler
Shares
611 Londy.&Ennis.i Sb
611 Kan. Shef.; &
i Shares, No. 1. _I
all Do. New, £lO
3' DO. 'X6 _ _ .

110 - 112
i - .P

8i --

103 104
99 101
100 102
A P
(" —152 d

100
100
100
100

3f 3i

10 -- 11
13i -- 14
-- 8i
100 -- 106
h P

Niarypt.& Carl. 4 p. c,
IDo.'4i per cent

IDo..

Mid.
Consol.6 p.c.St.
Do. Consol. Bristol &
Biri;n. 6 per cent
Do. Pref. 4i per cent
Norfolk Extension
Do. 5 p. c. Ext
Do. Gusr. 5 per et._
'Do. Way. Val. 5 p. c
North British
North Staffordshire
Oxford, Worcester, &
Wolverh.Xls, 6 p.c.

.47 149
id
.14 11i6P
.17 119

10
all
1
all

15 - 117
24 -25

Do
Shrews. &Birm.N.G
Shrewsby. & Chester
(Nor.W.Min), 8 p.c.
Do. 5 per cent

South Devon.
Do. New

11 - 114
174 - 18
P
14 -15,

par i pl

S. Eastern (Readir3
Ann.) of £1 Os. 60.
tDo. 4i per cent. Pre.
S.Yorksh.4p.c.Guar.
Waterfd.Railk.6P..e
York, Newcastle,and
Berwick,4 p.c. Pref
Do

-26 i
110 - 112
19 - 20

d
100 102
5
.51

York&N. Midland H.
and S. Purch

I I
par 4 p

2 'Ad
--
par ft)
13 —14 A
2 3 p
2iA 2d
1 14
2i 20)
2 2k),

100
20
10
50

all
all
all
all
all

d
id
43
11
11
id P
71

10
20.
10
20

. ,~

IA Ye

LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS.

Paidi

1 Closing Prices
1 Yesterday.

11?2
100
100
18fi
•
.9i
all

lAgaa Fria ...

Business
this day.

Anglo Californian
Australasian
Australian

103 - 105
51i -53 i
'l5O - 152
32 - 33

110 7-111xd
.55 65 .
27 -- 28
141 14,1
26 27

97 - 99

3 - 3i

165 i

63 - 65

.

1148 - 150
148 - 150

d

31i -32 A
102 - 103

all
all
all
all
all
13.5
244

Australian Cordillera
Australian Freehold
Ave Maria

Baden (Gd. Duchy of)
British Anstrin. Gold
British Iron

Braziliaamp.(issued
at £5 pm

Do. Cocaes & Cuiada
Do. St. John Del Rey
Carsons's Creek
Cobra Copper

Colonial Gold.

Copiapo
Copper Min. of Eng
Do. Pref. 71 p. cent
English and Austin
_

Copper Smeltg. Co
General

Great Nugget Vein
Great Polgooth
Lake Bathurst
Liberty
Lond.StCaliforn. Gold
Quartz Crush. Co
Mariquita.
Mexican&S. Americo
New Granada
Nouveau Monde
Port Philip
Quartz Rock
Rhymney Iron
Do. New

Santiago de Cuba....
South Australian...t
Tin Croft
United Mexican
Waller

West Granada..

West Mariposa...
__ _

Yuba..

JOINT-STOC.

Australasia

'British Colonial Bank

1 p
P
di
--
pardd
d
7 9

2 -- 3
32 -- 34
4d -- pax
44 -- 45
10i --111
55
6i —7pl
2 -- lid
14 -- 16
--1 d
id
--
#
4 - xd
-- 7i
;ittri
'

—4,
d— par
7 8
1 d

K BANKS.

and Loan Company.
British N. American
Chrtd. Bnk.of India,
Austral. and China
Chrtd. Bnk. of Asia
Colonial
'Commercial of Lond
English Scottish and
Australian Chrtd
London Chrtd. Bnk
of Australia

75 - 77

66 - 68
- Pi
- g (1

London and County
London Joint Stock
Lond.andWestminst
National Provincial
of England

Do. New
National of Ireland...
Oriental Bank Cor.
poration

Provincial of Ireland
Do. New

d— par
lf - 21p1

''-' •••

49 - 50

Royal Australn. Bkg.
and Gold Imp. Co
South Australia
Union of Australia
Do. New
Union of London ,
Union of Madrid

i d— par
10 42
65 67
7 8

1104 x d
xd
xd

65 i

61

16i 3

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY.)

a in

LONDON, Sept. 6.—Wind ihis day at Noon, N.E., light
pleasant breeze, and fine weather.
DEAL, Sept. 6 (9 a.m.)—Wind, N.E. by E., strong, and
clear. Passed—Pacific, from London, to Havre ; Eleven,
from London, to Odessa ; Tarnio Third, from Bahia, to
London, at 1 p.m. yesterday. Sailed—The Lord Petre,
for the Mauritius. Remain—Milly and Rachel, for Ma-
deira.

PORTSMOUTH, Sept. s.—Wind, N.E. Arrived—Trouba-
dour, from Shields, for Barcelona, leaky, in tow of a
steamer, for Southampton. Sailed—Prince of Wales,
Calcutta ; Blenheim, do.

PLYMOUTH, Sept. E.N.E. Sailed—America,
Melbourne.

SCARBOROUGH, Sept. 4.—The Joseph, of Antwerp, ap-
parently abandoned, came on shore yesterday during a
N.E. gale, and has gone to pieces.
DOVER, Sept. s.—The crew of the Joseph, of and from
Antwerp, have been landed here.
YARMOUTH, Sept. s.—The E. A. Cochrane (American
barque), Trinidad de Cuba to Cowes, is on shore, but ex-
pected off.
WHITSTABLE, Sept. s.—The Juniata, Shields to Boston,
struk on the Long Sand on the 3d inst., filled, was aban-
doned, and crew landed here, ,
GLOUCESTER, Sept. 5.--Sailed—Bacchus, Quebec.
MILFORD, Sept. s.—Wind, N.E. Arrived—Renovation,
Quebec.

• .
LIVERPOOL, Sept. 6 (10.30 a.m.)—Wind, S.S.E., mode-
rate and cloudy. Arrived—Teneriffe (s), from the Levant ;
Gallillo, Odessa ; Maria von Commenger, Archangel. Off
Port—Star of the West, from New York.
• FLEETWOOD, Sept. 5. -Sailed—Grenville Bay, Dal-
housie ; Maranham, Quebec.
SUNDERLAND, Sept. s.—Wind, E.N.E. Arrived—
Magna Charta, Quebec.
HULL; Sept. s.—Wind, N.E. Arrived—Oceana, St.
John's, N.B. ; Kepler, do.; Carl, Richtbucto ; Elise, do. ;
Familiar, Miramichi.
JERSEY, Sept. 4.—Wind, N.E.
Sandwich Islands.

Sailed—Empress,

NEW YORK, Aug. 24. -The' Camillus, New York to
London, was towed back to the S.W. Pass on the 13th of
August, after being at sea three weeks, with loss of the
master and six of the crew.—The Sir John Falstaff, Vera
Cruz to London, with loss of master, two mates, and six
of crew, by sickness, was spoken on the 6th of August, iu
lat. 24 N., long. 81 W.

NEW YORK MONEY MARKET.----The accounts this
week describe a steady continuance of the improve-
ment in the money market, which, it was foreseen,
would take place as soon as the first operation of the
new banking law could be got over. Stocks of all de-
scriptions were firm, and the speculative kinds had ex-
perienced a further average advance of 2 or 3 per cent.
At the same time the rate of exchange was again becom-
ing more favourable for this country, and, although the
present packet has brought no specie, there will be a
prospect'of remittances being forthwith resumed, unless
the late accounts from the London corn-market should
.lead to a great increase in the shipments of grain to
England. With regard to the accumulation of bullion
in the Sub-treasury, a deputation from New York hau
applied to the Secretary of the Treasury at Washington
to suggest that means should be taken for its disburse-
ment, so as to accelerate the removal of the existing
pressure, but the answer- was that no other steps could
be taken than those already adopted. Since the publi-
cation of the offer to purchase 1,000,0001. of United
States Sixes of 1868 at 121, and winch had been thus
far met only by the tender of 125,0001., the Secretary
had given notice that he would be willing to take
400,0001. of the Sixes of 1856 and 1862 at the respective
prices of 1081 and 116. The receipt of later and
satisfactory advices from California was calculated to
strengthen the return of confidence. Upon the present
occasion the voyage from San Francisco to New York
had been performed, via Nicaragua, in the unprecedented
space of 22 days and three hours, the transit from the
Pacific to the Atlantic, across the lake and down the
river San Juan, although the number of passengers was
520, having occupied only 48 hours. A great improve-.
ment in the management of the route had taken place,
and large sums of gold were consequently beginning to
be transmitted, by it, the amount in this instance having
been 225,0001., exclusive of the quantity carried by
passengers. • '

THE EASTERN QUESTION.

(Fiona the Times.)

It is perfectly true that since the Turkish Govern-
ment has made its acceptance of the Note proposed by
the Conference at Vienna to depend on the adoption of
certain changes in the text of that document, the ques-
tion which has kept Europe in suspense for so many
months, and which appeared to be approaching a termi-
nation, is still a matter of serious doubt and unabated

apprehension. But is not true that the subject is at
this time enveloped in great mystery and reserve, for,
on the contrary, the game is being played, as the French
say, cartes sur table. The Note of the Conference, and
the alterations required by the Divan, are before the
world, and have been variously discussed by the organs
of public opinion, as well as by statesmen and cabinets,
in every part of Europe. Everybody knows what those
terms are which have been transmitted to St. Peters-
burg, and that the Four Courts have strongly urged the
Emperor Nicholas to finish this tedious and dangerous
negotiation by accepting them. Whether he will accept
them or not is entirely a matter of opinion, and the
reasons on both sides are so nearly balanced that we do
not suppose any politician, be he Minister or journalist,
would undertake to express a confident expectation on
the one side or on the other. But on that decision,
whatever it be, rests the whole question, the fate of
Turkey, and possibly the peace of Europe. Although,
therefore, we are now in possession of the materials for
this discussion, we must be content to wait for the
positive result ; and in the meantime the question con-
tinues to excite as much anxiety and uncertainty as it
has ever done since the month of April. Under these
ci, cumstanees the leading members of the Cabinet who
are concerned in the direction of our foreign relations
have not left town for a single day, and there cannot be
a stronger proof of the entire unanimity prevailing in
the Ministry on these questions than the fact, that at
this important conjuncture Lord John Russell and Lord
Palmerston have returned to London to hold closer com-
munication with Lord Clarendon and Lord Aberdeen.
Attempts to sow division in the Ministry and to shake
the confidence of the country were never, in fact, more
entirely out of place.
From the moment that the alterations and additional
conditions required by the Turkish Government became
known, we deplored the delay and the danger which
those changes were likely to occasion. For, even if it
were demonstrated that the alterations are unobjection-
able, and even desirable in themselves, we should hold
that the value of these modified expressions is incom-
parably below that of a prompt settlement of the dis-
pute. It is notorious that these changes were put for-
ward by a party in the Divan who are not favourable to
any diplomatic settlement, but are still eager for an ap-
peal to arms ; and, if the opposition they have offered
to the terms of agreement should lead to its rejection by,
the other side, the violent faction at the Porte will pre- '
vail over the more prudent and judicious advisers of the
Sultan. The Porte itself, which began by throwing its
cause into the hands of its allies, when it had taken the
firm resolution to reject Prince Menschikoff's demands,
and which obtained for several months the united sup-
port of Europe on these conditions, will have destroyed
the union of its own policy with that of the mediating
powers ; and we have reason to believe that the French
Cabinet has already signified to the Sultan that the u'te-
tenor steps he may adopt contrary to the advice of his
allies must be taken at his own peril.
Upon the immediate subject of the greatest interest
at the present moment—the acceptance or rejection
of the alterations by the Emperor of Russia—we are
reduced to mere conjecture, and each of our readers will
form his own judgment whether, under all the cir-
cumstances of the case, the Emperor will be most
actuated on this occasion by motives of ambition
and passion, or by the rules of policy and the desire
of peace. We cannot conceal from ourselves that the
policy which has been rashly pursued at Constantinople
has a tendency to lead to fresh and very serious dan-
gers. The note adopted by the Conference was intended
to meet, as far as possible, the double difficulties of
the present situation of affairs. It was not more than
Turkey could honourably concede—it was not less than
Russia could fairly accept ; though, if any one will
take the trouble of comparing it with Prince Menschi-
koff's demands, it will be seen that all the most objec-
tionable expressions and articles of the Russian Note
have been carefully excluded. Such as it is this draught
was not willingly accepted by the Emperor Nicholas,
though he submitted to it out of deference to the opi-
nion of the allies, and from an apparent desire to
escape from the embarrassments of his isolated and ag-
gressive position. It will be remembered that the in-
telligence that the Note had been accepted at St. Pe-
tersburg was received throughout Europe with univer-
sal satisfaction, as a thing more to be desired than ev-
pected. After all this, which certainly amounted to an
abatement if not a surrender of the Russian pretensions,
the Note is sent back with further alterations ; and with
alterations not originating with the Conference at Vi-
enna, but with the Turkish Government. To yield a
second time to this sort of appeal, especially after the
inflated and menacing language the Emperor had as-
sumed a few weeks before, is a defeat amounting to a
humiliation ; and although the Russian Government
has brought these evils upon itself, it is by no means
clear that a sovereign in the position of the Emperor
Nicholas is prepared to endure such a result. Grave
doubts may therefore be entertained as to the accep-
tance of these terms at St. Petersburgh in their altered
form ; though we trust that a more mature considera-
tion of the whole question has, ere this, brought the
Emperor of Russia to a just sense of what is due, if not
to Turkey, to the general interests of Europe.
On the other hand, there are some strong practical
arguments in favour of the acceptance of the terms and
the restoration of peace. The season is already too far
advanced for the Russian army to undertake any opera-
tions beyond the Danube with the least prospect of de-
cisive success ; and the position of the Turkish forces,
under Omar Pasha, is such as to render any advance
whatever an undertaking of great risk and danger.
But the prospect of a prolonged Russian occupation of
the Principalities, even if Europe could submit to it,

is not much less unfavourabh; The troops have
already suffered to a prodigious extent from the cli-
mate. The price of provisions in Bucharest has
quintupled, and the military hospitals are encumbered
with the sick. In a few weeks the rains will have con-
verted the country for the most part into a pathless
swamp, and it will become equally difficult to withdraw
the army and to keep up the necessary supplies, for the
stores of the country are already exhausted. At this
time of year, and with the Danube between the two
camps, neither the Russian nor the Turkish army could
attack its antagonist with effect. It may be doubted
whether there is any military advantage in the occupa-
tion of such a position, and the Russian Generals are
said to have given evident indications of a desire to with-
draw from their miserable cantonments. The occupa-
tion of the Principalities has failed to subdue the resist-
ance of Turkey ; it has, on the contrary, roused her to
more energetic efforts. It has irritated Europe, by a
breach of treaty, and it has placed Russia in a position
which she cannot hold without immense sacrifices of
every kind. The acceptance of the note is the only way
by which the Emperor Nicholas can extricate himself
from this position, for the events of the last three
months have given him no additional claim to dictate
conditions beyond his frontier. The evacuation of the
Principalities ought to be the first step in the arrange-
ment, and that alone can relieve the combined fleets
from the necessity of passing the winter near the scene
of these occurrences. The rejection of the terms and
the refusal to evacuate would, on the contrary, probably
be followed by a declaration of war or some violent ebul-
lition at Constantinople ; and, as the war party in the
Divan would then gain the upper hand, having already
frustrated the conditions of peace tendered to the Sultan
by Europe, they must be prepared to abide by the con-
sequences of their violence, while the Governments
which have hitherto supported them would be entirely
at liberty to deal as they might think fit with this altered
state of affairs.

( From the Morning Herald.)
It is no longer attempted to conceal the fact to which
ye'sterday we directed public attention. On Thursday
last a special message was sent to Scotland to summon
Lord John Russell to town. He instantly obeyed that
summons, travelling all day on Friday, and reaching
London late that night. Saturday was occupied in a
protracted consultation with the Premier and two other
members of the Cabinet, and yesterday morning, we
are told, the noble lord returned to his retirement in
the north.
The summons was, beyond all question, sent to the
noble lord after long and frequent interviews between
Lord Palmerston, the Premier, and the Secretary for
Foreign Affairs, and no other member of the Cabinet
was present either at the deliberations which caused the
summons, or at those which followed the acrr:bivetalrheooiffr
col-
leagues noble lord.
Here, then, we have, in the first place, protracted
and, we may presume, earnest deliberations, in which
ltehargeue
es ; membersaia weof the Cabinet beiteixett,maeneettahpear mrtfre
Cabinet summoned from a distance to take part in a,
renewed consultation, from which every other member
of the Cabinet is still excluded.

That these deliberations had reference to the Turkish
question no one doubts ; that their necessity was pro-
duced by the refusal of the Sultan to sign the Vienna
note without alteration is, we apprehend, equally plain ;
and possibly it is not too'much to infer that the question
to be decided was the part to be taken by England on
the subject.
.BarOn Brunow is, before this, in possession of the re-
sults of that conference. We hope that the Russian
ambassador now understands that it will not be safe to
calculate on the consent of the English Cabinet in sup-
porting' the Emperor of 'Russia in a refusal to accept the
altered note. It is not, however, the less incumbent on
us to call the most serious attention of all the friends of
constitutional government to this last and most daring
outrage upon its principles.
Our language, we will satisfy every Englishman, is
not, too strong. The facts justify it, and thz occasion
demands it. If this great nation calmly submits to the
treatment we have received on this Eastern question
the sooner we discard the hypocrisy of public spirit and
the practice of representative government the better.
We say that the conduct of Lord Aberdeen, in selecting
two members of the Cabinet to join in deliberation with
himself and the Foreign Secretary, amounts practically
to a subversion of our system of Parliamentary and
Ministerial government. It is, in effect, the arbitrary
exclusion of the Queen's Cabinet from their constitutional
office of advising the Queen. It is the degradation of
the place of a Cabinet Minister— it is the conversion of
our Ministerial Government into that by " mayors of
the palace," under the disguise of premiers.
n,
It is of pressing moment to the true liberties of E
land that this should be practically felt and understooro
Let us first call attention to this, that since the inte
gence has reached us of the suggestion of alterations in
the Vienna note no Cabinet Council has been held. It

)is impossible to over-rate the importance or the signi
) cance of this, It cannot be said that this intelligence
Iwas not of gravity or importance. It is enough to say
that it demanded a decision as to the course that Eng-
land should take. By whom has that decision been
made ? Our constitutional practice since the revolution
pointed out one, and only one, course. It should be
made by the Sovereign, upon the advice of that select
committee of her Privy Council called the Cabinet, to
which the duty
of advising the Sovereign upon matters
of state policy as they arise is assigned. No man who
has read the history of England can be ignorant that in
government by a cabinet lies, in fact, the essence of our
constitutional system. Government by departments is
and must be despotism with all its evils, and without
the advantages of either its unity or its strength. The
practical working of our monarchy since the revolution
has been this, that upon all great questions of policy,
foreign or domestic, the Sovereign should be advised by
a council of men holding different of the great offices of
state—sometimes including men, as is now the case with
Lord John Russell, holding none—and that these men
should offer their collective advice to the Sovereign upon
all subjects affecting the well-being of her realm, no
matter in what department of its administration those
questions might immediately arise.
We are almost ashamed to repeat maxims that are the
very elements of our political system, but theyhave been
discarded. News is brought to our Foreign Office that
the Sultan demands modifications in the note suggested
by the conference at Vienna. It becomes necessary for
the Queen's Ministers to consult—but instead of the
summoning of a Cabinet Council the Premier is called
in by the Foreign Secretary to settle the matter. The
Premier thinks it prudent to associate with them the
Home Secretary. The result is that they send for Lord
John Russell to the most distant extremity of the island.
The noble lord runs up as fast as express engines can
whirl him to town, he meets the three already admitted
to the divan—he spends a whole day with them in deli-
beration, and he then starts off again—it never having
been so much as thought of that it would be decent to
recognise the existence of such a body as the Cabinet.
Neither can it be said that the exigency was such that
there was not time to convene the members of the Ca-
binet. The intelligence had reached the Foreign-office
days.before Lord John Russell was sent for—and then
the member of the Cabinet was summoned who was at
about the greatest distance. Some members of the Ca-
binet were in town, others within an easy distance, who
were not invited when Lord John Russell was brought
from Roseneath. It is perfectly plain that the meeting
was intentionally a selected one—equally plain that it
was convened for the practical determination of the
question whatever it was that arose. This is manifest
dragged up
Aenveonldingaenratt
nuipaonnbtehyeon fadce
60°f
way-carriage from the city of Edinburgh to London for
is not tra t
o n sa
bee transaction
a
one day, unless that day is to have some practical effect.
Next we have the dispatch of a messenger to the Queen
as soon as the conference is over. In the circumstances
themselves we have further this plain and palpable
proof. The matter was one that required a decision,
and no Cabinet Council to decide on it has been held.
We will not be guilty of the hypocrisy of affecting
not to understand the real object of summoning both
Lord Palmerston and Lord John Russell to this secret
conclave. They were invited, not for the purpose of
ptaoks
isnibglethtoeir cajole
advice,
them but
overof
t o ascertaining
that
betrayal whether
of
f it were Turkish,
and with them of British interests, which we doubt not
was contemplated by Lord Aberdeen The adhesion of
these noble lords would have neutralised one section of
the Cabinet—upon the rest the Premi •
er might safely
reckon as his accomplices or his tools.
This suggestion brings into stronger light the evil and
danger of the proceeding we denounce—it cannot alter
or affect the constitutional principle we maintain. Yes-
terday we demonstrated the importance and materiality
of the changes in the note suggested by the Porte.
Those alerations raised, in fact, the question whether
Russia had a right to a protectorate over the Greek
Church in the dominions of a Mussulman Sovereign.
We can conceive no question involving considerations
of more interest or more moment. We cannot now
dwell upon the topics which invest it with so momen-
tous and difficult an importance. But surely this was
a question upon which the Queen of England had a
right to the advice of her whole Cabinet ; it was due to
Christendom ; it was due to the liberties of Europe ; it
was due to the parties principally involved, that our de-
cision should be one attended by every constitutional
deliberation. It was above all due to the people of
England that it should be decided according to the con-
stitution.

As for the excluded members of the Cabinet, we do
not presume to defend their honour. We will not
adopt the rather coarse illustration of a morning jour-
nal ; but after all they best know themselves whether
they are fit to perform the menial office in carrying for
a bear, which Lord Aberdeen plainly wishes to monopo-
lise. They must judge for themselves whether they are
fit to continue Ministers in a Cabinet in which they
are not permitted to intermeddle with the matters that
most vitally affect the honour and the welfare of Eng-
land and Europe.

This is not for us to decide. It is for us to point out
the degradation of their position, if not of themselves.
It is emphadcally for us to point'out that there is a deep-
laid conspirany at work to withdraw our foreign politics
from the sphere and influence of constitutional go-
vernment.

The whole Turkish question has been managed in a
secret Divan. The opinion of the British Parliament has
not influenced a single protocol or been thought of in a
negotiation. The people of England know nothing of
the steps that have been adopted by any party except
what they hear from the communications from the Go-
vernment of France. The proceedings of Saturday are
an attempt to cashier cabinets as well as parliament, and
to establish the demesne of foreign politics as the exclu-
sive possession of the "mayors of the palace."
Dead as they imagine the spirit of England to be, we
warn Lord Aberdeen and his accomplices that this will
not be tolerated. Upon all that concerns the foreign as well
as the domestic politics of England, the advisers of our
Sovereign must be those whom the constitution points
out. The noble earl has very frequently thought proper
to assume an insolence of demeanour which perhaps
most emphatically denotes the servility of the tenure by
which he holds his place. Even that insolence, perhaps,
will not make him insensible to the warning which tells
him that the people of England will have constitu-
tional and responsible government at any price—and,
perhaps, he may deign to listen to the counsel which
hints to him, that when he next wishes to convey to her
Majesty the advice of her Ministers common prudence
may suggest that the advice should be the result of the
deliberations of the whole Cabinet regularly convened.
Meantime let Englishmen ponder upon this. A deci-
sion has been come to upon a question that vitally affects
us and our children. We boast of living under consti-
tutional and responsible government—but no one can
tell us either what is that decision, nor yet by whom it
has been made.