The Sun.
London, England, 1853-09-02 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 2, 1853.

wards of 25,000, marching 200 miles in a tropical
sun, and capturing the two huge fortresses of Omer-
cote and Hyderabad? It was with this lightning
speed, and with this resistless vigour that the
Hero of Scinde conquered, within an almost in-
credibly short space of time, the whole of that
vast province, taking captive six Sovereign
Princes, and laying low the pride of the Lion of
" Cabul the British," the terrible SHERE MAHO-
DIED. If the narrative of Anglo-Saxon conquest
in Hindostan is illumined by the recollection of
the glorious defence of Arcot, it is suffused with
lustre also by the no less glorious march through
the desert upon Emaum Ghur. If, in the
catalogue of our Asiatic victories, Plassy is
remembered with peculiar exultation, Meeanee
likewise must be preserved among the proudest of
our military recollections. Wonderful, moreover,
as these deeds of prowess would have been if
viewed under the most favourable circumstances,
they may be regarded as little short of the mira-
culous, performed, as they were, under influences
of the most adverse character. Listen to what
has already in this matter been declared by the
voice of history. It has been remarked by the
annalist that, in the execution of these marvellous
achievements, Sir CHARLES NAPIER " travelled
on camels and on horseback at the head of
troops more than two thousand miles "—writing,
receiving, studying,
and deciding on " between
four and five thousand official despatches and re-
ports (many very elaborate), besides his private
correspondence, which was extensive—sustain-
ing all these fatigues without abatement "wider
severe attacks of illness, at the age of sixty-three,
by a man covered with wounds, and in a
climate where the mercury rises to 132 de-
grees in artificially-cooled tents." Nay, nor
is that all—" they were sustained amidst
almost every mortification, every virulence
of abuse, every form of intrigue." It is the
moral of this extraordinary man's history—the
indomitable courage with which he worked such
miracles by the pen and by the sword, as
a Conqueror and as an Administrator, in
the council chamber and on the field of
battle--in the midst of all this intrigue, abuse,
and mortification. It is the moral of his history.
So—NELSON died a Viscount, when HowE and
JERVIS had won their Earldoms ! SO—NAPIER
breathed his last at Oaklands, with a Collar
of the Bath hanging over the AMEER'S white
marble chair of state at the foot of his
bedstead. " Had CORNEILLE lived in my
reign," said NAPOLEON, " I would have created
him a Prince." Had NAPIER battled for, instead
of against, that most munificent and magnanimous
of Sovereigns, the latter would have awarded
something better than a cross or a ribbon to a
Paladin so splendidly heroic and magnificently
victorious !

The feelings of affectionate respect and devoted
loyalty exhibited in the cordial and enthusiastic
reception of Qaeea VICTORIA by her Irish sub-
jects have in no degree abated during the Royal
sojourn in the metropolis of the sister kingdom.
Each day adds to the intensity of feelings alike
honourable to the SOVEREIGN and to her faithful
people. The protracted sufferings of bygone
years are forgotten in the joy of the moment.
The only thought in the Irish heart is how best
to testify the love with which it is overflowing, to
exhibit the zeal and fidelity by which it is ani-
mated. Every thought and sentiment is, for the
time being, merged in the overwhelming im-
pulse. " Gon save the QUEEN" is the watch-
word that resounds throughout the length and
breadth of the land, given with every variety of
tone and expression, but in every instance with
equal truth and sincerity. It is impossible for
the sober and rather phlegmatic Englishman,
accustomed to the constant residence of her
MAJESTY in the capital of the United Kingdom,
to conceive the fervour of enthusiasm, the wild
burst of exultation that makes the blood career
more rapidly through the hearts of our impulsive
brethren, and stimulates them to the most extra-
vagant demonstrations of boundless attachment.
Their QUEEN is once more amongst them,
not as a mere portion of a State pageant,
intended to dazzle the eyes but not to
win the love of the multitude, but mingling
in familiar intercourse with her subjects, proving
that, as a wife and mother, she is as deserving of
approbation as in her capacity as the constitu-
tional Monarch of a free nation, showing that she
could appreciate the intelligence and ability dis-
played in the brilliant and dazzling Exhibition,
which she examined with such careful and dis-
crimina-l;ing attention. Yes, the " plain bonnet,"
which the discontented solitary scribe sneered at
in such atrociously bad taste, is the great attrac-
tion of the day. The costly jewelled diadem would
not have been welcomed with one-tenth of the
rapture, for diamonds are in the shade, and hearts
are decidedly trumps in Ireland,--not merely in its
capital, but on every hill and in every valley—in
the mansions of the mighty, and the hovels of the
humble. There is no necessity for salaried troops
to attend her progress or to guard her person.
She wants no stipendiaries to protect her from in-
sult and injury. She is surrounded by thousands
and tens of thousands of faithful men, any one of
whom would freely lay down his life in her cause
to save her from danger or hurt.
It is to be regretted that the character of
novelty is so greatly to be attached to a
Royal visit that the occasion should be
so very unusual as to produce this extra-
ordinary excitement. We must, however, re-
member that, although this is the seventeenth
year of her MAJESTY'S reign, it is but the
second time she has set her foot on Irish ground
—that four years had elapsed since her last laud-
ing, and that before that twenty-nine years had
passed away since GEORGE the FOURTH had, for
the first time since the accession of the House of
BRUNS WICK, showed that the existence of Ireland
was recognised as an integral portion of the Bri-
tish dominions, or that which now constitutes no
unimportant portion of " the United Kingdom"
was regarded in any other light than as a mere
province—a useful appanage of the British Crown.
We trust and believe that this grievance—for it
has been a real, substantial grievance—will be
completely removed ; that not a single year will
elapse without our gracious QUEEN receiving in
Ireland the ardent expression of Ireland's true
allegiance to her dynasty. Sure we are that a
week could not be more profitably, and we may
venture to add more agreeably, applied.
If anything could have increased the rapturous
enthusiasm of the people, it would have been the
well-merited honour accorded to the man who has
been as emphatically as accurately designated
" Ireland's most worthy son." By qualities which
can be appreciated on this as well as on the
Western
side of of
to
his t.George's Channel, WILLIAM
'ARGA/sr had won his way from the very
humblest
By uneeasin present proud position.
high ability
g industry, unblemished integrity,
judicious and daring enterprise, combined with
awealth, whichna ?lerudent caution, he had achieved
mapplied to the noblest purposes.
His wise liberality
had long been celerbraatuded in charitable benevolence
Not a single pound had his native country. be . •
comely acquired nor untaarly or unhand-
, coulen d
its
rlemLunerated toil.
momentary qualm to its possession cause a
wrung from the sweat of der' It was not
The humblest workman in Wt
pay participated in his employe:l DA.RGAN'S
prosperity.
He it was who afforded practical proof of the
falsehood of the atrocious calumny, that Irishmen
could not exhibit steady and uninterrupted dili-
gence in their labours, or act faithfully towards
those by whom they were fairly treated, that
they would not be willing to give the " fair day's
labour," in return for the fair day's wages. In
acquiring honourable vealth for himself, he was
his workmen, and
enhancing the comforts of
de-
veloping the resources of his native land. And
since been so
when the glorious project that has
gloriously realised was first spoken of, it was the
noble enthusiasm, the extraordinary enterprise of
•
WILLIAM DA ROAN that removed the impediments
that obstructed the way and might otherwise
have proved insuperable. He had " faith " in
his countrymen—he knew that they would not
be_ found wanting in the moment of trial, and he
fearlessly hazarded a considerable portion of 1

his honourably acquired wealth on the result, and '
he has not been disappointed. He advanced the
necessary funds, and made himself personally re-
sponsible for the entire outlay. His estimate of
Ireland and the Irish was not erroneous. The
pledge was faithfully redeemed. Not one shilling
loss will fall upon WILLIAM DARGAN, and he can
look with unalloyed gratification at the work he
has achieved, which, without his invaluable
assistance, could not have been so completely or
so triumphantly successful—which has attracted
the Monarch of Ireland, the descendant and re-
presentative of a long line of Sovereigns, to her
ancient kingdom, and induced her, as the highest
reward she could confer, to pay a familiar and
friendly visit to the dwelling of her most merito-
rious subject.

It is but fair to the public to invite attention
to the principle of MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE. We
fully believe in it ourselves, and we think im-
partial consideration must satisfy the minds of
insurers generally. That principle is to offer
security against damage by fire at cost price.
Every man is, of course, desirous to insure on
the lowest safe terms. The only question, there-
fore, is, can a society which returns its entire
legitimate profits to the insurers, be a safe one ?
So far as five years' experience of most careful
attention to their business goes, the British Em-
pire Mutual Fire Assurance Society has solved
this problem. It can hardly now be questioned
that it can be done. Very long experience has
proved that, on properly calculated tables, half the
amount of the premiums has covered the losses
incurred by the companies. The five years' ex-
perience of the company just mentioned confirms
this result ; and though the amount of its busi-
ness cannot, of course, equal yet that of the old
ones, it is no less conclusive ; partly because, as
is well known, the average losses of a company
diminish with the extent of its business, provided
the business be conducted with ordinary care ;
but chiefly because so much responsibility lay on
the ten highly respectable gentlemen who com-
menced this company at their own risk, that their
observations have necessarily been of the most
careful kind. Mr. WATSON stated at the meet-
ing that 50 per cent. would cover their losses,
and that when their business, which is now
rapidly increasing, was somewhat enlarged, 25
per cent. would pay the working expenses, which
would leave 25 per cent. to be returned to the
insurers. In order to meet the fears of any
whom reasoning would not quite satisfy, a guar-
antee fund of 200,0001. has been established as
an additional security, on a plan which does not
interfere with the mutual principle. It is obvious,
however, that by a small sacrifice from their
profits (none of which they would receive from
the common offices) the insurers can easily accu-
mulate in time a guarantee fund of their own ;
one which they can always preserve in a ratio
proportioned to the extent of their risks. And
even in the almost impossible event of the
whole of this fund and of the premiums of
any particular year being swallowed up by the
losses of that year, the insurers would still
be gainers by the entire amount which had
at any time been returned to them. We be-
lieve the rates of the Company are not at
all higher than those of other respectable and safe
companies ; but the peculiarity of this company
is that, were they ever so high, the insurers would
be no losers, the total difference coming back to
them in the shape of profits. In mutual compa-
nies high rates are, therefore, no real injury—
they enhance the security without trenching on
the returned profits. We believe the British
Empire is the first mutual fire office of a metro-
politan and national character, and having been
conducted with such caution and success, it merits
a recommendation of its claims to the general
public. It is to be feared that the number of
persons in the middle ranks of life not insuring
their property against fire is very great. Every
day warns them of the risk they incur, yet the ex-
pense deters them. The British Empire seeks to
reduce that expense to a minimum, and but for
the extravagant duty imposed by Government, it
would be small indeed. Much to its credit, the
company is making earnest endeavours with the
Government to effect a reduction of this duty—an
effort in which it ought to be strenuously backed
by the public. The farmers succeeded for them-
selves, and there seems to be no reason why they
should enjoy this legislative protection, alone. The
only excuse is, that the duty is in reality a pro-
perty tax. The answer is—Yes, and one of the
most unequal of all—land, funds, and everything
incombustible escape it. The proprietors of
perishable property alone pay it. Worst of all, it
is paid only by prudent proprietors. Others leave
their friends or their creditors to bear, in too
many cases, the consequences of their losses by
fire.

The company has already been quite successful
in one application to the Treasury. By a clause
in the Joint-Stock Companies Act, a shilling was
demanded for the registration of the name of each
holder of a pol'cy. The demand bore with spe-
cial hardship on insurers for small sums—a class
which the company particularly wished to encour-
age. The company's solicitor, finding the
Solicitor-General inexorable, Mr. Low, one of the
Directors, appealed to the Secretary of the Trea-
sury, who took much interest in the case, and
obtained for them, and for all similar societies, a
reduction from ls. per name to is. per sheet.
Moreover, the Committee of the House of Com-
mons on Assurance Companies, has recommended
the exemption of mutual companies from regis-
tration altogether. Should the company only be
as successful in obtaining the abolition, or even
reduction of the assurance duty, it will deserve
the gratitude of the whole community.

His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge has left
London on a visiting tour in the Highlands, intending,
we belive, to visit the Duke and Duchess of Hamilton,
at Hamilton Palace.

NEW ACT ON MERCHANT SHIPPING.—The new act
passed at the close of the session to amend various laws
relating to merchant shipping will come into operation
on the Ist of October. It contains 68 sections, with an
interpretation clause of the terms used. Under this act
the lighthouse tolls payable and the ballast rates, &c.,
are in future to form " The Mercantile Marine Fund,"
which account is to be kept by her Majesty's Pay-
master-General. The accounts are to be approved of
by the Board of Trade. For the purpose of erecting
and repairing lighthouses, &c. The Treasury may
make advances, and the Board of Trade is empowere d
to borrow money. Her Majesty may, by an Orde r
in Council, fix the tolls to be taken for new lighthouses.
Unclaimed wages, and effects of deceased sea.m.3,
may be paid into the Exchequer. A gross sum is
to be paid to the Seamen's Hospital in lieu of an
annual payment. In order to prevent the undue assump-
tion of the British flag and national character, it is
provided by the 33d section that when it is assumed the
ship may be seized and adjudicated upon, and if the si-
milation is proved the vessel is to be condemned. There
are clauses as to volunteers into the navy, and relating
to the payment of their wages. Facilities are given to
obtain seamen in the Australian colonies. The subject
of salvage is defined in several provisions, and other
matters are set forth to amend the law in relation to
the merchant service.
BREAKING A CONTRACT.—" A married couple," says
the Gazei,:e des Tribunaux, "after living together on bad
terms for some time, resolved, a few days ago, to sepa-
rate. They sold off all their furniture, but, finding that
the sum it realised was not very important, they proposed
to commit suicide, and, yesterday, they went at an early
hour to the Canal St. Martin to execute the design. The
husband leaped in first, but after a while, being a capital
swimmer, he raised his head above water, and perceived
his wife standing quietly on the bank watching him. He
began abusing her, and said that, according to their con-
ventions, she ought to drown herself. Instead, however,
of complying, she accused him of intending to let her
drown whilst he saved himself by swimming. He called
on her to plunge in at once without any more talk ; but
she refused. Thereupon he got out of the water, and
gave her a tremendous thrashing. Some persons, who
camewere up, went to seek for the guard, and the loving pair
knovirsted. On being questioned they made the facts
is RAILWAY ACCIDENT IN FRANCE.—The Courrier de
DeOiz_es,s of
states that an accident having lately occurred
on the
which, ft`.'eel K rthe Avignon railway, near Valence, by
were. fallofearth, one man was killed and
four others badly wounded, one of whom expired
afterwards, The English contractoif cr the part of the
line in question has
been arrested and is to take his
Correctional trial before the
lonal police fo no having taken
sufficient precautions.
OCEAN PENNY POSTAGE,
—Elihu urrit, who has
been for some time residin t the Hague, has communi-
cated to the Minister of
reign Affairs his plan for
establishing a uniform rate of Postage between England
and the East and West IndiesPoofstao
theserling per
letter. This plan has been well recnelvreed7
which has promised to favour its rellim. govern-
ment,
tion,

HER MAJESTY'S VISIT TO
IRELAND.

-

Her Majesty, with Prince Albert and the young
Princes, went to the Exhibition as early as nine
o'clock, on Wednesday morning, and remained
there more than three hours. In the same manner
as during her numerous visits to the display in
Hyde-park, not the slightest ceremony or show at-
tended either her arrival, her stay, or her depar-
ture. Indeed, so nearly did she follow her former
course of quiet inspection that Mr. Belshaw's old
familiar face was the first which presented itself to
receive her, before the committee, in hot haste,
appeared upon the scene. The Queen seemed a
good deal amused at this surprise. When it was
over the Royal party proceeded along the Central-
hall, examining closely the objects which it con-
tains, and receiving explanations from those of the
exhibitors who were present. The specimens of
Irish lacework, the pcphns and tabbinets, the ele-
gant " Shakspere " dessert service, exhibited by
Kerr, of Worcester, and which is manufactured
from materials principally hish, the wonderful
collection of geological maps and sectional draw-
ings shown by Dr. Griffith, and which he ex-
plained personally, seemed to attract the special
notice of the Royal party during their stay in the
Central-hall. From it they crossed through the
Indian compartment, to examine an exceedingly
interesting collection of models, illustrating the
inland and coast fi,henes of Ireland, and the mode
in which the Board of Works had been providing
for the arterial drainage of the country. A glass
vase containing salmon fry, produced artificially,
was also noticed. The time for the admission of
the public was now approaching, and her Majesty
withdrew into the picture gallery, where she re-
mained for more than an hour quietly enjoying the
works of art there collected. Sir John Benson
was presented to her Majesty and the Prince during
their stay in the gallery, and both expressed their
high admiration of the building. The manner in
which the gallery is lighted his Royal Highness
pronounced " perfect," and there seems to be but
one opinion on this point. The illustrious visitors
left by the same way as they had entered, attended
to the last by the members of the committee, and
loudly cheered by the crowds that had by that time
collected in the building.
In the afternoon a grand review in " the 15
acres" brought out to Phoenix-park nearly all Dub-
lin. The troops assembled consisted of the 17th,
21st, 46th, 63d, 90th, and 91st Regiments of the
Line, the Ist and 2d Dragoon Guards, the 11th
Hussars, the 16th Lancers, and Horse and Foot
Artillery.

There was a field battery of the Royal Artillery,
with six guns, in all about 6,090 men. The whole
were under the command of Lieutenant-General
Sir Edward Blakeney, Major-General Cochrane
being general of division, Colonel the Earl of Car-
digan commandant of the cavalry and horse artil-
lery, Colonel Garrett, K.H. (46th), commanding
the right brigade, cons sting of the 17th, 63d, and
46th Regiments, and Lieutenant-Colonel Macpher-
son commanding the left brigade, formed of the
21st, 90th, and 91st Regiments. His Royal High-
ness Prince Albert did not command, but received
the salute on the part of her Majesty from the
troops, when marching past. Her Majesty, Prince
Albert, and the Royal children arrived at half-past
four, escorted by four troops of the Queen's Bays ;
the Prince being mounted, and wearing the
uniform of Field Marsha'. On the royal carriage
taking its stand at the flag-staff, the entire line
gave a royal salute, with colours lowered, the bands
simultaneously performing the National Anthem.
The force was quite sufficient to have made a very
fine display in so favourable a spot for military
evolutions, and with her Majesty present. Unfor-
tunately it begain to rain just as the review was
about to commence, and though the Q aeen stood it
out in an open carriage, everything ..ike enjoyment
of the spectacle was at an end. The authorities,
civil and military, had made the most complete
arrangements for the occasion.
During the evolutions the rain began to come
down so fast that the Lord-Lieutenant recom-
mended the tops of the carriages should be closed
down, which was done accordingly ; but five
minutes had scarcely elapsed when—although the
rain had not in the slightest degree abated—they
were again opened, and her Majesty stood up,
wearing a plain dark brown hood. Her appear-
ance in this simple covering was very interesting
and attracted much attention. Before the skir-
mishing began, Prince Albert, followed by his
equerries, rode into the field towards the troops,
and during the entire review he was either engaged
in passing amongst the various regiments or riding
with Sir Eward Blakeney. The rain continuing to
come down heavily, the Queen directed one of the
outriders to carry to the Prince his over-coat, but
the messenger soon returned with the coat, his
Royal Highness, doubtless, declining to wear it
while the troops and officers on the field had no
other covering than their uniforms. When the re-
view had terminated, he rode alongside her Ma-
jesty's carriage to the Viceregal Lodge in torrents of
rain, weal ing merely his uniform.
On leaving the ground at half-past 6 o'clock, the
Royal party received a parting salute of 21 guns
from the field batteries of the Royal Artillery, her
Majesty and H.B.H. Prince Albert having ex-
pressed themselves highly gratified at the splendid
appearance and high state of discipline presented
by the whole of the troops reviewed. The Royal
party left the ground ; and as her Majesty and the
Prince passed through the avenue of the park
towards the Viceregal Lodge they were loudly and
vehemently cheered by the crowds, who, in spite
of a wetting rain, were determined to see them
after the review. It was surprising to observe
endured the dense rain that fell from
thewi thfa wirha sex what exemplary patience the most delicate of
the time the review commenced, and continued
until a late hour in the evening, and the vast con-
course that passed from the review ground into
town was the object of great observation.
Amongst the company present on the ground
were :—Admiral Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence, Com-
mander of the Victoria and Albert ; Lord Gough,
Lord Naas, my., Lord Monck, M.P., Colonel
Taylor, M.P., Lord Talbot de Malahide, Sir Ed-
ward M'Donnell, Hon. Captain Lindsay, Colonel
Jackson, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur, &c.
It was understood that her Majesty and Prince
Albert would pay another private visit yesterday
morning, at nine o'clock.
It was stated to be the intention of her Majesty
and her royal Consort to proceed on a visit to
Powerscourt, this day, should the weather be fa-
vourable. In that event the royal party, it is un-
derstood, will leave the Viceregal Lodge, en route
for Powerscourt, at about two o'clock.
It has also been arranged that her Majesty and
Prince Albert will honour the Earl and Countess of
Howth with a visit at Howth Castle, this day
(Friday).
The following had the honour of receiving invi-
tations from their Excellencies to meet her
Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert at
dinner on Wednesday night at the Viceregal Lodge :
—Earl Granville, the Duchess of Wellington, the
Marquis of Breadalbane, the Marquis of Bath, the
Earl and Countess of Mayo, the Earl and Countess
of Clonmel, the Earl of Listowel, Viscount and
Viscountess Massereene and Ferrard, Viscount and
Viscountess Monck, Viscountess Forbes, Lord and
Lady Clarina, Lord and Lady Talbot de Malahide,
Chief Justice and Mrs. Monahan, the Attorney-
General, Hon. Miss Bulteel, Hon. Colonel Grey,
Hon. Colonel Gordon, Sir James Clark, and Major
Henry Pousonby, Aide-de-Camp in Waiting. Late
in thn Avening their Excellencies gave a concert, at
which 250 of the nobility and gentry were present.
By electric telegraph we learn that the Queen,
Prince Albert, and the young Princes did not
visit the Exhibition yesterday until the afternoon.
They remained about two hours.
A heavy rain prevailed all day.

WESTMINSTER SCHOOL.—By command of the Queen,
an extra week's holidays have been granted to the scho-
lars of St. Peter's College, Westminster, in honour o:
the birth of H.R.H. the Prince Leopold. The schooa.
will consequently meet on the evening of Wednesday,
October 5.

THE MALDON BRIBERY COMMISSION.—The commis-
sioners report that open and direct bribery prevailed at
the last and previous elections for this borough : that a
large portion of the electors, consisting chiefly of the
poorer class of freemen, are influenced, not by the poli-
tical or personal recommendation of the candidate, but
by the money habitually employed to corrupt them, and
that the blame of this does not so much rest with them
as with their superiors who tempt them.
MURDER IN GOODMAN'S-FlELDS.—Yesterday after-
noon Mr. W. Baker, the coroner, resumed at the Lon-
don Hospital the adjourned inquiry respecting the death
of Caroline Mobbs, the unfortunate young woman who
was brutally murdered by her husband, Nathaniel
Mobbs, at No. 7, Enoch-court, Goodman's-fields,
Minories, on the 24th ult. The inquiry was adjourned
from Friday last, in order to afford time to see whether
there was any probability of Mobbs recovering from the
effects of the injuries which he had inflicted on his own
throat. It appeared yesterday that he was progressing
favourably, but he was not out of danger, and there was
no chance of his being able to be removed for at least a
fortnight or three weeks. Aaer the examination of two
or three more witnesses who added little to what is
already known respecting the melancholy affair, Mr.
H. Debenham, the house surgeon of the hospital, de-
scribed the injuries the deceased had received. There
was a deep incised wound in the throat six or seven
inches long. There were ten smaller cuts under the lip,
on the chin, and on the neck. The thumbs and fingers
on both hands were cut as if in self defence. There we
two black eyes, of some days standing. The injuries
were the cause of death. The Coroner then summed
up, and the jury returned a verdict of " Wilful Murder
against Nathaniel Mobbs."

LINCOLN RACES.

(THIS DAY.)

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRA PH.)

QUEEN'S PLATE.

Young England

Six ran.

COWES, ISLE OF IFIGIIT, Sept. 1.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON INTELLIGENCE.

ARRIVALS.-Aug. 23. Bianca, schooner, Earl of
Mount Charles, from Poole ; Miranda, cutter, John
Gray, Esq., Cherbourg; Julia, do., Win. Peareth, Esq.,
Portland ; Sultana, do., Marquis of Conyngham, do. ;
lone, schooner, Sir H. Oglander, Bart., do. 29. Kath-
leen, cutter, Viscount Bangor, Portland ; Pandora, do.,
Capt. Smith Barry, "Western Ports ; Coquette, schooner,
Lord Godolphin, do. 30. Camilla, schooner, J. E. W.
Rolls, Esq., Torquay ; Raven, cutter, .Wm. Morgan,
Esq., Portsmouth. 31. Osprey, cutter, Lieut.-Col.
Huey, Torquay ; Alarm, schooner, Jas. Weld, Esq.,
Western Ports. Sept. 1. Petrel, cutter, Earl of Echester,
westward.

SAILINCS. —Aug. 30. The American cutter Silvie,
Louis St. Depau, Esq., for St. Petersburgh. 31. Xarifa,
schooner, Commodore the Earl of Wilton, for Dublin.
YACHTS AT AND ABOUT THE STATION.— Capricorn,
lone, Sultana, Turquoise, Intrepid, Seagull, Aurora,
Miranda, Arrow, Gondola, Gloriana, Mosquito, Co-
quette, Titania, Swordfish, Pandora, Osprey, Gossamer,
Gem, Bianca, Kathleen, Raven, Alarm, Petrel, Ca-
milla.

THE CANADAS.

[We have much pleasure in inserting the following
from an old friend and most enterprising man.—ED.
SUN.]

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

"I have now been here nearly six weeks, and during
the entire time I may say I have been continually in
motion, both in Canada and the United States ;
and as, in all my journeys, I have made it my
business to converse with a large number of persons
of all sizes and conditions, I think I have acquired
a considerable amount of knowledge of the resources of
this continent. The more I see of it the more I am
surprised and gratified. It is indeed a wonderful
continent. The eastern portion of the United States is
undoubtedly in advance of the Canadas in point of pro-
gress, but the natural resources of the latter are un-
doubtedly the greater. The complete system of rail-
ways that we have now in progress will totally revolu-
tionise the British portion of the continent in a very few
years, and open out resources that are only waiting for
the construction of the railways to be developed. The
two great elements of Canada's prosperity are timber and
corn ; the latter is immense, but the former is inex-
haustible. In one region alone, that of the Ottawa
River, there are at present 80,000 square miles, almost
all of which is covered with the finest pine and other
timbers ; and it is calculated that if only one pine tree
per acre be cut down each year from nese forests, there
is enough to yield double the quanti'v now taken out
annually for 500 years to come. But a large quantity
of this land will be rapidly cleared o' its timber, and
then brought into cultivation for wheat, Indian corn,
potatoes, &c. The land already cleared in the district
is most productive, and I have seen large farms there
as orderly and as beautifully kept as anything I have
ever witnessed in the old country.'
" Such things as beggars and poor-houses are utterly,
unknown in this country, and from the moment an emi-
grant and his family land they have employinent at what
in Ireland at least would be considered gigantic wages.
3s. 6d. a day is the lowest that a labourer gets ; and
when he has been a short time in the country, and that
he has got some animal food into him, those wages be-
come ss. a day.
"If the whole of Ireland were to come here there would
be employment for every one of them, for the emigrant's
labour is capital that enriches not only the man himself
and his employer, but also the country, inasmuch as a
labouring man can live right well (with meat in abun-
dance two or three times a day) for less than one half
his earnings. The Canadian population are truly Bri-
tish in their feelings, and whatever might have been the
wish of some of them to " annex" themselves to the
United States a few years ago, that delusion has com-
pletely vanished. This change is caused not only by
the advance that has taken place, but is also rapidly
progressing in the material interests of the province, but
also because the people enjoy a most complete form of
constitutional government. It in every respect re-
sembles our own. The Governor-General (Lord Elgin
at present, admirably suited for his office) is in the
light of the Queen, and he must form his Ministry
from the party forming the majority in the House
of representatives. Whereas the Legislative Assembly
resembles the House of Peers to the extent that its
members (the number of whom is undefined) are elected
for life.

The chief complaint of the Canadians against Great
Bi.tain is not a great one after all It is simply that
England knows nothing about them. I tell them this
is a complaint that will soon be remedied ; for that as
soon as it is known that Canada is really deserving of
being pushed, and that investment here will repay, we
shall be sure to have abundance of English capital.
It is a curious and, at the same time, significant
fact that numbers of United States citizens are enn-
grat.'.ng into Canada, as affording a finer field than
their own country for making money. This is espe-
cially the case in the timber regions that I have just
alluded to. They make capital settlers in a new country,
for the example of their energy and go-aheadism si reads
throughout the entire district in which they settle. They
also become right good sabjecA of Queen Victoria. By
the bye, the popclarity of the " LiLle Queen" (as she
is almost universalv called by Americans) is extraor-
dinary. They (the United States people) are universally
loud in her praise for he: gralities, both as a mother, as
a woman, and as a Queen. But perhaps the fact that
she has not received Mrs. Beecher Stowe at Court has
in some degree coatributed to produce this effect. I
have conversed with many people belonging both to the
slavery and to the non-slavery states. The former
would naturally be pleased, but even the latter say (and
some of the people in the abolition states are much more
bitter against slavery than English persons) that it is
bad taste on the par'z, of English ladies to interfere with
the internal and domestic arrangements of a foreign
state ; but, say they, the QL'een has refused to take a
part on one side or the other, and in t'a.:; way she shows
not only her good sense but her good
To revert for a moment to that part o' this long and
rambling letter relative to the Ottowa River district,
I should mention to you that there is not the slightest
exaggeration in stating that there are at least 50,000
sites for water-mills, with any amount of power—for the
whole country is one continuous ascent, and the rivers
are constantly hemmed in by gigantic rocks and islands,
so as to form innumerable water-falls, varying in height
from 2to 25 feet Every one of these will come into
operat,or, as the railways are constructed that will
enable the produce of the districts to be removed.
You will see by the enclosed paragraph, which I shall
feel greatly obliged if you will insert in The Sun, that
we have no desire to have gold discoveries here. In
fact they would annihilate all the prospects of prosperity
now in store for the Canadas.—Yours truly,
Montreal, 25th July, 1853. C. P. R.

MR. PUSEY.—Mr. Pusey, the celebrated agriculturist,
and President of the Royal Agricultural Society of
England, is at present sojourning in Edinburgh, and is
about to make several short agricultural tours in the
neighbourhood.
RIBBONISM.---It is reported that a special commission
will be issued ere the close of the present month for the
counties of Monaghan, Louth, and Antrim, for the trial
of the gangs of Ribbon conspirators that are now in
custody.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICES.—On Thurs-
day evening last, the inhabitants of the " Ward of
Coleman-street" assembly together to pr-sent to Mr. S.
Read, of London Wall, who, with his wife, her mother,
and his eleven children, will sail in a day or two for
Adelaide, Australia, mementoes of the reqpect and regard
he has won amongst 11;s necthbours and friends by a
faithful and highly efficient per:ormance of the duties of
an overseer, an audaor, and likew:se as oae of the guar-
dians of the parish at the City of London Poor-law
Union Board, of wh'c a he br- been for some years one
of the vice-chairmen. The tokens comprised a purse of
100 guineas unanimously voted in vestry, also of another
purse containing 272 guineas, raised by voluntary con-
tributions amongst the parishioners and his friends,
together with three splendidly-bound Bibles from one of
the inhabitants. The several offerings were accom-
panied by a vote of thanks, handsomely written, framed,
and glazed, expressive of the great gratitude felt towards
Mr. Read, for his efficient public services, accompanied
by the best wishes of the parishioners for the future
welfare of himself and family in the far distant land of
their destination. On Tuesday last a similar presenta-
tion to the extent of 50 guineas was made to Mrs. Read,
by the chairman and other members of the board of
guardians of the city of London "[Talon.
ANOTHER POSTAL ANOMALY.—A remarkable illustra-
tion of the injustice arising from the present rate of
foreign postage has just occurred. We find in the Times
of August 20 that the mail just brought by the screw
steam-ship Harbinger, from Australia, was the largest
ever landed at Southampton. It consists of 250 boxes
and bags of letters and newspapers. As there is no con-
tract existing between the Government and the General
Screw Steam-ship Company for conveying letters be-
tween this country and Australia, the Harbinger's mails
all come under the designation of ship-letter bags, and
the letters are charged to the public at the rate of Bd.
per half ounce, instead of ls., which would be the case
if conveyed by postal contract. Of this Bd., the Post-
office appropriates 6d. to itself for merely distributing
the letters throughout the kingdom (ai operation per-
formed for id. in the case of inland letters), and pays
2d. each to the ship. Thus the General Post.office
charges three times
as much for merely delivering the
letters to the public as is appropriated to the vessel for
bringing the mails by steam from the Antipodes ! Now,
suppose the case of some poor peasant, in a neighbouring'
Hampshire village, receiving one of these letters from
his son, just landed at Melbourne ; the Post-office would
mulct him of 6d. for conveying the letter fourteen miles,
whilst the proprietors of the Harbinger had conveyed it
14,000 miles for 2d. If each one of the 450,000 letters
contained in this great mail could be followed to its re-
spective destination, the amount of hardship inflicted
tpon the friends of poor emigrants would be found to be
so great that It vigllki present an irresistible plea for an
ocean penny postage.

LATEST FOREIGN NEWS. I

FRANCE.

Two days ago four Arab chiefs, whose costume
had made them the object of general notice at
Dieppe, were presented to the Emperor. In their
speech to his Majesty, they said they had made the
journey from Algiers to Paris, and from thence to
Dieppe, in order to see and express to him their
sentiments of devotedness and respect. The Em-
peror replied to them in the most gracious manner,
and on their leaving presented each with a valu-
able watch, bearing the imperial eagle and his Ma-
jesty's initials.

Prince Jerome, on his return from Dieppe, made
known to the deputy-mayor that the Emperor is
well disposed towards Havre, and that he shares
ideas expressed by Prince Jerome on the necessity
of having forts in the roadsted. He added that
his Majesty's intention is to hasten the destruction
of the existing fortifications as much as possible.
The Minister of Foreign Affairs left Paris on
Wednesday for Dieppe by the one o'clock express
train. In the same carriage with him were Lord
Cowley and an English general officer. M. Rou-
her, vice-president of the Council of State, went
by the same train. The Ottoman ambassador and
several attaches of his embassy have also left for
Dieppe.
The price of bread is not to be raised during the
first fortnight of September. It appears from the
monthly list of the prices of the hectolitre of wheat
in the various markets of France, as published by
the Moniteur, that the highest price is 32f. 82c. at
Hennebon, and the lowest 30f. 25c. at Strasburg.
Mention has already been made in The Sun of
the opinions of the Emperor, with reference to a
relaxation of the restrictions on commerce. It is
now believed that advantage will be taken of pre-
sent circumstances, not to proclaim free trade at
once, but at all events to make another step in
advance, and to enlarge the limits of the present
system.
The price of Public Securities again declined at
the Bourse yesterday, not from any political consid-
erations, but on account, it is said, of the pecuniary
sacrifice the Government has made to keep the price
of the 4-pound loaf in Paris at 80 centimes, which
otherwise must have been to 90 centimes, in conse-
quence of the rise in the price of flour. The Three
per Cents. opened at 79f. 40c., and fell to 79f., at
which they closed for the end of the month ; Or-
leans Railway Shares, 1,250 f. ; Rouen, 1,085 f. ;
Havre, 517 f. 50c. ; Great Northern, 8001. ; Paris
and Strasburg, 360 f. ; Paris and Lyorts to the
Mediterranean, 817 f. 50c. ; Great Central, 555 f.
Shares, of the Bank of Credit Mobilier, 861. f. 25c.