The Sun.
London, England, 1854-09-22 00:00:00

WAR-OFFICE, SEPT. 22

sth Regiment of Dragoons Guards—Lieutenant James
Henley to be Captain, without purchase, vice Duckworth,
deceased, Aug. 2.).
3d Light Dragoons—Captain Henry Aime Ouvry to be
Majur, by purchase, vice Forbes, who retires ; Lieutenant
Richard Michael Williams to be Captain, by purchase,
.vice Ouvry • Lieutenant William Wallis King, from the
12th Light ?Dragoons to be Lieutenant, vice Gifford, who
exchanges ; Cornet Newton Charles Chichester to be
Lieutenant by purchase vice, Williams; William Bond,
Gent., to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Chichester,
Sept. 22.

11th Light Dragoons—Quartermaster John Yates, from
the 17th Light Dragoons, to be Cornet, without purchase,
and Adjutant, vice Ennis promoted, Sept. 22.
12th Light Dragoons—Lieutenant John Wynter James
Gifford, from the 3d Light Dragoons, to be Lieutenant,
vice King, who exchanges, Sept. 22.
16th Regiment of Foot—Somerville George Cameron
Hogg°, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, Sept. 22.
23d Foot—Assistant-Surgeon Henry Thomas Sylvester,
M. 8., from the Staff, to." be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Jen-
kin, deceased; Assistant-Surgeon Henry Hunter Raymond,
from the Staff, to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Risk, who
resigns, Sept. 22.
31st Foot—George John Hamilton, Gent., to be Ensign,
by purchase, vice Cowper, whose appointment on the 25th
August, 1854, has been cancelled, Sept. 22.
41st Foot—Ensign W. M'Clellan Lambert to be Lieu-
tenant, by purchase, vice Bligh, promoted ; Robert Eustace
Maude, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Lambert,
Sept. 22.

46th Foot—Lieutenant George Frederick Dallas to be
Captain, by purchase, vice West, who retires ; Ensign
Richard Cooto to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Dallas,
Sept. 22. _ .

56th Foot—Lieutenant Morton Robert Eden to be Cap-
tain, by purchase, vice Raban, who retires ; Ensign Henry
Fraser Curwen to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Eden ;
Arthur William Turner, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase,
vice Curwen, Sept. 22.
68th Foot—Assistant-Surgeon Alexander Johnston,
11. D., from the Staff, to be Assistant-Surgeon, Sept. 22.
69th Foot—Lieutenant the Hon. Alfred Bury to be
Captain, by purchase, vice Bennett, who retires • Ensign
Henry iirood to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice ' Hon. A.
Bury ; Henry Clements De la Peer Beresford, Gent., to
be Ensign, by purchase, vice Wood, Sept. 22.
71st Foot—Ensign Fred‘rick William Lambton to be
Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Fuller, who retires, Sept. 22.
73d Foot—William Mitford, Gent., to be Ensign, with-
out purchase, Sept. 22.
79th Foot—Ensign George Alexander Harrisson to be
Lieutenant, without purchase, vice Maitland, promoted,
Ang. 8; Ensign Donald Flaky Mcßarnet to be Lieutenant,
without purchase, vice Harkisson, whose promotion on the
11th of August, has been cancelled, Aug. 11; Ensign
James Bell to be Lieutenant, without purchaso, vice
Cuninghame, promoted, Aug. 13.
88th Foot—Assistant-Surgeon Richard William Meade,
from the Staff, to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Shegog, de-
ceased, Sept. 22.
97th Foot—Serjeant-Major William Derman to be En-
sign, without purchase, Sept. 22.
3d West India Regiment—Ensign Anthony Carlisle,
from the Ist West India Regiment, to be Lieutenant, by
purchase, vice Wylie, whose promotion by purchase on the
9th September has been cancelled, Sept. 22.
Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment—Ensign John Mignan
Innes to be Lieutenant, without purchase, vice prittain,
deceased, Aug. 9.

Provisional Depot Battalion—Staff-Surgeon of the Second
Class, John Hartley Sinclair, M.D., from half-pay, to be
Surgeon ; Quartermaster John Remington Breading, from
the 77th Foot, to be Quartermaster, Sept. '?2.
HOSPITAL STAFF.—Surgeon William Parry, from half-
pay of the 4th Foot, to be Staff-Surgeon of the Second
Class ; Surgeon John Newton, from half-pay Ceylon Rifle
Regiment, to be Staff-Surgeon of the Second Class; Wil-
liam Ferguson, Gent., to be Acting-Assistant Surgeon,
vice Sylvester, appointed to the 23d Foot ; Edward Canny
Ryall, Gent., to be Acting Assistant-Surgeon, vice Ray-
mond, appointed to the 231 Foot ; William Henry
Gent., to be Acting Assistant-Surgeon, vice Johnston,
appointed to the €Bth Foot ; Michael James Griffin, Gent.,
to be Acting Assistant-Surgeon, vice Meade, appointed to
the 88th Foot, Sept. 22.
BREVET.

Captain John Miller Adye, of the Royal Artillery, to be
Major in the Army, Sept. 22.
Brevet-Captain Daniel Bayley, of the Bengal Retired
List, recruiting for the East India Company's Service, at
Dublin, vice Captain Grange, deceased to have the rank
of Captain in the Army, whi!e so employed, Sept. 22.
The undermentioned Cadets of the East India Company's
Service to have the local and temporary rank of Ensign,
during the period of their being placed under the command
of Colonel H. D. Jones, of the Royal Engineers, at Chat-
ham, for Field Instruction in the art of Sappin;. and
Inning; viz.: Ward. Gent. ; William Frederick
Pulford Gout, ; Charles Brodie. Norman, Penny, Gent. ;
JUlin liebblethwaite Mnere, Gent. ; Billington Baines
Boyd, Gent., Sept. 22.
11.1nouwxnult.—Tho Christian names of Brevet-Lien-
tenant Colonel Al`Murdo, on half-pa zof the Ceylon Ritie
Regiment, are " William Montague Scott?'
thel:l_ tlet promotion of Ensign Henry 'Cubed, Wylie, from
s West India Regiment 'to 31 West India Regi-
meet, by purchase, on the 9th September, 1854, has been
cancelled.
The seeond
15th. Foot ChG.nAtian name of Ensi..,,n Hawkins, of the
stated. o.3awna, and not Godwin, as previously

COMMISSIONS BIGNEtaBec
LOP.D LIEUTENANT:S.
Elibana
COUNTY OF PEEBLES;--
~,.,..•iis;ht honourable Alexam ler
Oliphant Murray
Carmichael, Bart ; .Tarnes Arolt'eluElibA" •; Sir !'homai
COUNTY OF EDMURGIE-__To be ~...„Ta.v. EN., Sept. 11.
The Ri,ght, Hn.' Duactans H.Nbili, J-7,einity-Lieutenants—
s,,,ne
ilior John:Watson
Advocate), John Inglis, Janies Ci-anfutarr. ,:r.l'''ac7eitt (Lord
,wpii,i,..aolan Mr k
Gordon, Lieut.-Col. GeorgeCadell,
Brodie, David :.,rnith, Robert Laurie-,
Andrew tyre, Ad_ini Morrison, Francis grc,:an, Tullis,
Clark,
George James lilackadder.- David bie, sno IDotiglas,
Symington Grieve, Peter Scott Fraser, Sept. ils, Robert
Tower Hamlets .—James
.—James Scott Walker,
8(-1 • ) to be
Deputy-Lieutenant ; Arl,hur Ballantine, Esq,, to
be,
Deputy-Lieutenant, Sept. 11.
Queen's Own Light Infantry Regiment of Tower nate.
lets Militia—Herbert Augustus Vordes, Gent., to be En-
sign, vice Ridge, promoted, Sept. 13.
Bedfordshire Regiment of Militia—John Alexander
Mitchell to be Lieutenant, vice Grimshaw, resigned, Sept,
15.
East Kent Regiment of Mounted Rifles—Thomas Lam-
bert, Esq.. late Captain Royal Artillery, to be Adjutant,
~;-.e Irgartley, who retire', retaining the rank of Cantain;
Wm. Pomfret Burra, Gent., to be Cornet, Sept. ii;
He iry Denne, Gent., to be Cornet, Sept. 15.
Northamptonshire Regiment of Militia—Frederick May-
(lock, Gent„ to be Ensign, Sept. 4.
let &menet Regiment of Militia - Arthur Henry
Nicholas Kemeys, Gent., to be Ensign, vice Bullock, pro-
moted, Sept. 20.

Roy-al Glamorgan Light Infantry Militia— Edward
Abbott Noblett, Esq., to be Second. Lieutenant, Sept. 19.
East Suffolk Militia Artillery Corps—Charles Gorton,
Esq., to bo Captain, Sept. ]3.
Hampshire Reai.nent of Militia—Henry Charles Chaw-
Ile; Gent., to be Ensign, Sept. 16.

NOTICE TO MARINERS,
NORTH UNST, SHETLAND—TEMPORIRY LIGHTHOUSE.
The Commissioners of Northern Lighthouses hereby
give notice, that with the view to a p3riaunent light being

ultimately established in the same locality, a temporary
lighthouse tower has been erected off the North End of
the Island of Ii not, in Shetland, and thlt the light will
he exhibited therefrom for the first time on the nigh 4
Wednesday; -pith October,' 1831; and every night there-
after, from the going away'of daylight in the evening till
the return of daylight in the morning.
The following is a specification of the Lighthouse, and
the appearance of the light, by Mr. David Stevenson, en-
gineer to the Commissioners :
The temporary lighthouse is erected on Muckle Flugga,
being one of the group of rocks called the Burra Fiord
Helms, which lie off the headland of Hermaness, being
the northern extremity of the Island of Unst. The light-
house is in N. lat. 60 deg. 51 min. 20 sec., and W. long.
0 deg. 53 min. 3 sec.
The small rock called the Out Stack, which is the most
northern rock of the Shetland Isles, bears from the light-
house about E. by N. 2 N. by compass, and is distant
about half a nautic mile.
The North Unst Light will be known to mariners as a
fixed light, of the natural colour. It is elevated about
165 feet above the level of high-water of ordinary spring-
tides, and may bo seen at the distance of about nineteen
nautic miles, and at lesser distances according to the state
of the atmosphere.

The Comniissioners further give notice, that by order in
council, dated the 3rd day of July last, the following tolls
are authorised to be levied in respect of the said Light-
house ; viz.
For every vessel belonging to the United Kingdom (the
same not belonging to her Majesty, her heirs or successors,
nor being navigated wholly in ballast), and for every fo-
reign vessel privileged to enter the ports of the United
Kingdom upon paying the same duties of tonnage as are
payable by British vessels which may pass or derive benefit
from the light, the toll of two-sixteenths of a penny per
ton of the burthen of every such vessel, for every time of
passing or deriving benefit therefrom, if on a coasting
voyage.
For each time of passing or deriving benefit on an over-
sea voyage, one penny per ton for every such vessel.
For every foreign vessel not navigated wholly in ballast,
and not privileged in manner before specified, double the
respective tolls above set forth.
Which tolls are liable to the following abatements on
payment :—for a coasting voyage, ten per cent. ; for an
oversea voyage, twenty-five per cent.
By order of the Board.
(Signed) ALEX. CUNINGHAM, Secretary.
Northen Lighthouse Office,
Edinburgh, Sept. 20, 1854.

BANKRUPTCIES ANNULLED.

Michael Neville, brassfounder, Liverpool.
George Edwards, grocer, Newport.
BANKRUTPS.

James Sanders, corn dealer, Paddington-green, to sur-
render, Oct. 5 at eleven, and. Nov. 9 at twelve, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Bell, official assignee, Coleman-
street-buildings; Hubbard, Bucklersbury.
Joseph Whitmore, woolstapler, Leicester, Oct. 3 and
31, at ten, at the Birmingham District Court. Harris,
official assignee, Nottingham; Palmer and Billson, Leices-
ter • Motterain and Knight, Birmingham.
William Clarke, licensed victualler, Gloucester, Oct. 3
and 31, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Miller,
official assignee, Bristol ; Lovegrove, Gloucester.
Michael Austin Studden, gas manufacturer and leather
merchant, Launceston, Cornwall, Oct. 3, and 26, at one,

at the Exeter District Court. ilirtzel; official assignee,
Exeter ; Turner, Exeter.

Freth.;rick Kershaw, builder, Sheffield, Oct. 7, and Nov,
11, at twelve, at the Leeds District Court. Brewin, offi
'al as.;-- Sheffield; F- 11, Sheffield,

cial assignee. - _Lela ; ernell, Sheer
Charles Hickman, licensed victualler, Knightsbridge,
Oct. 2, at half-past ono, and Nov. 7, at two, at the Court
of Bankruptcy. Lee, official assigns, Moorgate-street ;
Stubbs, Moorgate-street.
William West, linen draper, Hackney-road, Oct. 2, at
half-past two, and Nov. 7, at half-past one, at the Court
of Bankruptcy.! Edwards, official assignee, Sambrook-
street ; Archer, Church-court, Clement's-lane.
William alker, builder, Manchester, Oct. 6 and
Nov. 5, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court.
Fraser, official assignee, Manchester; Boots, Manchester.
John Flarward, tailor and draper, Blackburn, Oct. 5
and Nov. 8, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court.
Pott, official assignee, Manchester; Haigh, Huddersfield.
Samuel Clagg,blacksmith, Crawford-streot, near Roch-
dale, Oct. 10 and Nov. 7, at twelve, at the Manchester
District Court. Pott, official assignee, Manchester ; Tay-
lor, Manchester.

Thomas Robert 4, ironmonger, Manchester, Oct. 6 and
Nev. 7, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court.
Fraser, official assignee, Manchester; Slater, Manchester.
William Robertson, shipowner, Limehouse, Oct. 4, and
Nov. 2, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Johnson,
official assignee, Basinghall-street; Strong, Jewin-street,
Cri pplegate.
Jonathan Smart, cabinet maker, Saffron Walden, Oct.
2, at two, and Nov. 7, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Lee, official assignee, Moorgate•street ; Sharpe, Field, and
Jackson, Bedford-row; W. and R. D. Thurgood, Saffron
Waldon.

Joseph Cawley, upholsterer, Michaels-place, Brompton,
Oct. 2, at half-past twelve, and Nov. 14, at twelve, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Sam-
brook-court, Basinghall-street; Kinsey, Bloomsbury-squara.
Henry Basil Bray, grocer, Coventry, Oct. 6 and 2(i, at
half-past ten, at the Birmingham District Court. Bittle
ston, official assignee, Birmingham; Sturmy, Simpson, and
Bromfield, London ; Motteram and Knight, Birmingham.

BANK OF I
An Account pursuant to the Act 7
the Week ending on Saturda:
MITE DEPA

Notes iceued .. • • .... 26,632,810

426,632,810

Dated the 2 tat day of Sept., 181

Proprietors' capital .. 14,553,000
Re5t................ 3,703,852
Public deposits (in-
cluding Exchequer,
Commissioners of
National Debt, Sav-
ing's Banks, and
Dividend Accounts) 4,983,233
Other deposits ...... 9,780,712
Seven Day and other
j 8i115........ ~.. . 1,023,575

iNGLAND.

7th and Bth Victoria, cap 32, for
Ly the 16th day of Sept., 1854.
IaTMENT.

Government debt.... 11,015,10 n
Other securities ...... 2,984,900
Gold coin and bullion 12,632:810
Silver bullion -

£26,632,810
MARSHALL, Chief Cashier.

Government securities

(in cludg.Dead Weight

Annuity) 10,996,935
Other securities ...... 15,353,432
Nites .......... 7,019,425
Gold and silver coin.. 646,500

£34,Q46,372

£34,046,372
'. MARSHALL, Chief Cashier.

Dated the 21st day of Sept., 18;

PRICE OF SUGAR.

The average price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar com-
puted from the returns made in the week ending the 19th
Sept., 1854, is 21s. 2id. per hundredweight, exclusive of
the duties of Customs' paid or payable thereon on the im-
portation thereof into Great Britain.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE.

(Front the London iVew Price Current of this day.)

SUGAR.—There is little improvement in the home trade
demand for colonial, and although supplies have been less
than for some time past, still rates are barely supported
for inferior qualities, and better can be obtained at pre-
vious terms. Foreign is yet plentiful, and not beingmuch
required, prices have been barely maintained. Demand
has decreased for floating cargoes for all purposes, and
and sellers are willing to accept previous valuations.
REFINED.—A good home trade demand has been expe-
rienced for refined sugar, and supply having decreased,
some advance has been obtained. Sales of brown lumps at
435, titters low to fine, 43s 6d to 48s 6d, double 49s to 50s,
Hambro loaves 44s to 49s 6d, and double 503 to 51s. Of
foreign refined several arrivals having taken place, still
the market has been nearly cleared.
MAURITIUS.--The excess in stock compared with this
time last year is 2,900 tons. For good to fine yellow and
grainy there are several buyers ; still previous terms are
not exceeded. In inferior and brown rather more has been
done yet there are sellers at former prices. Including
parcels at auction transactions for the week ending yester-
day were 6,000 bags at the following terms :—low to mid
brown at 25s to 278 6d, good to fine 28s to 30s, low to good
yellow 30s 6d to 35, 6d, fine 36s to 37s 6d, low to fine grey
28s to 355, grainy, yellow, 35s to 40s 6d, white 41s to 42s
Gd, and brown 29s to 34s per cwt.
EAST INDlA.—Native Madras can be obtained at previ-
ous terms, still purchases have been on a small scale; brown
at 24s to 27s 6d, and yellow 28s to 31s. In grocery, how-
ever, rather more has been done at 32s to 38s. Grainy
yellow is wanted at 35s to 40s, and white 40s 6d. to 42s ;
but few parcels are on offer. Stock is about the same as
last year. The dulness in the market for Date Bengal con-
tinues.

FOREIGN.—The market for duty paid has presented an
inactive appearance all the week, some decline has taken
place for brown and low ; but better sorts have supported
previous terms. Of 1,390 hhds 180 tierces and 480 brls
Cuba in public sale rather more than one-half found buyers,
brown at 27s Gd to 31s, yellow 31s Gd to 375; 400 chests
Havrenpah, yellow 34s to 335.
COFFEE.—Native Ceylon is not cheaper, still less de-
mand exists, and supply is rather more plentiful. At
auction 1,880 bags wore sold at 43s for good order, and
damaged 42s Gd to 44s Gd.
`TEA.—In the early part of :the' week there was a large
demand, for cougou from the trade and speculators; prices
also advanced fcl to id per lb. Prices now range for low
to good ord at 101 d to 10id, rather blackish to blackish
leaf lid to is 3d.

(Ms.—There is now a quiet market for linseed oil, and
rates are less firm, ruling at 33s to 33s 3d on the spot.
Rape oil is less wanted, and there are sellers of pale at 46,,
brown 43s 6d to 445. Palm sells'dowly at 44s to 46s for
mid to tine quality. Only a moddate demand for cocoa
nut, Cochin at 50s Gd to 51s, and Ceylon 49s to 50s. In
olive many purchases have been made, and the market has
a firm aspect,.Gallipoli realises 571. to 581. and other sorts
sorts 52/. to 56. Seal is wanted, and rates are well kept
up, pale selling at 411. lOs to 421. and other sorts 371. to
401. In cod several sales at 401. 10s to 411, Southern is
wantedainl42/: io'43/..is paid. A large demand exists for
sperm, and-1041. to 1051: paid for good to fine. Teel seed
and ground nut Oil sells slowly at 43s to 445. per cwt. The
value of lard oil is 51s to 53s per cwt. •
Ta.Lbow.,—.The St. Petersburg advice% having again
;iven intiination,of a larger quantity being sent forward
that had been anticipated, has brought speculative parcels
on the market, and prices have in consequence been again
depressed ; Y. C. having sold as low as 64s on the spot
and even rather under this price for the last three months.
These parcels having been cleared off. The market inn-
pte:r
rrotv: menthe
eicn iototnaw.tthaeards the close, and last night the quotations
wereree 634 Gd to 63s 9d on the spot, and 63s 61 fur the last
o;
finuelhoomrtatrhkeerte done,hhaasvibnegenstoliotdtleinthe way o
theuni
transactions, home melted is 62s to 62s 6d cash. 1

COURSE OF EXCHANGE,—. THIS DAY.
Amsterdam.. ~...
Ditto, three raonth•;•.•.
Leghorn .:::: '' • • • • —: ; 30-50
~BinAttweerdrratn...... ....................
.I.•
ali
...... 25 45
Crus3els .............. -2' --1 tle'lln :••• • • ...... • •
llamburgh ...... „ ~, I*,; 4!,.9,
_anice................
PAT'S ...• •• • • •••••••• 25 10 Messina ••••• • • • • • .... 1,9%
threa months .. 25 32% L bon ..
i;..tria.
B:rol'l'ut 1 .)'
rlislie; 1 lici3x. i :::
.: :
.:
••• .:
.:
.1. 2571382; , Oporto'''P
li3at teolPweineoysoAr..it,":loB▪ ."
Janeiro...,.. **•
****** ******************************** 153--3303 IA
F. ankCort on- Vain° • • ..
Berlin ............ • • 1
rate OF
OF
Belmattyzi'eN,
PER OZ
il 1 42 'Philadel hi
44 arc
IlTriel,,nsitle3..:• : ; ••
..
; ••
:::::::: 36% ;Fordo Gels In Bare X 3 17 .9
Petersburg .... •. •• •• •• hot,4 Portugal Guld Coln .. 0 0 0
Madrid ......... • • .• • •
30%. MexicAn Donau Cadiz ...•• ..... ..
• .
Barcelona • ••••• •• •• •• ..".".
::•• : o 0
0s (2)14
New Dollar...
Scythe ;',. •••• • • • • ...... ''.. Sliver in b4r4 ...... 0 a i%

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 22, 1854.

by landing to the north of the bay of Inkewon, destroying
or taking Fott Constantine, and all other I.l,tteries from the
rear, and thence bombarding the naval arsenal, the to e,
and ships; and, indeed, this is the only alternative, if a
footing cannot be effected in the Chersonesus.
The streets are built iu parallel lines, from north to
south, and intersected by others from east to west ; and
the houses being of limestone have a substantial appear-
ance. The public buildings are fine. The library erected
by the Emperor for the use of naval and military officers,
is of Grecian architecture, and is elegantly fitted up inter-
nally. The books are principally confined to naval and
military subjects, and the sciences eonnectod with them,
history, and some light reading.
The club-house is handsome externally and comfortable
within ; it contains a large ball-room, which is its most
striking feature, and billiard rooms, which appeared to be
the great centres of attraction; but one looked in vain for
reading rooms, filled with newspapers and journals, such
as are found in the clubs of England.
There are many good churches ; and a fine landing-place
of stone, from the military harbour, approached on the side
of the town beneath an architrave supported by high
colunins. It also boasts an Italian opera-house, the first
performance for the season at which took place during our
visit; but we cannot say much for the singing; the company
being third-rate, and the voice of the " prima donna" very
much resembling, at times, a cracked trumpet. The house
itself was badly fitted up.
The eastern side of the town is so steep that the mast-
heads of the ships cannot be seen until one gets close to
them. Very beautiful views are obtained from some parts
of the place, and it is altogether agreeably situated. A.
military band plays every Thursday evening in the public
gardens, at which time the fashionables assemble iu groat
numbers.

As Sebastopol is held exclusively as a military and naval
position, commerce does not exist. The only articles im-
ported by sea being those required for material of war, or
as provisions for the inhabitants and garrison.
On the eastern side of the military harbour, opposite to
the town, is a line of buildings consisting of barracks, some
storehouses, and a large naval hospital, which we inspected.
The wards are good, but too much crowded ; many of the
arrangements are bad, and the ventilation in some parts
exceedingly defeCtive, the effluvia being most offensive.
Bat perhaps this is permitted on hygean principles, seeing
that the Russian is so accustomed to foul odours from his
birth that the physicians may consider a return to a little
artificial native air as beneficial after a sea voyage.
Sebastopol is not the port of construction for ships of
war ; they are all built at Nicholier, on the river Bug, as
Petersburg is the bnilding-place for Cronstadt. But here
all repairs are done, and stores and materials of war-in
great quantity are kept in the naval arsenal.
The works that have been accomplished in the little port
appropriated to this department are immense. The quays
are well and strongly, built of limestone with granite cop-
jugs under the sappriutendence of an English master
mason. Along the eastern quay aro ten large stone
buildings, for storehouses, then in course of construction,
5 of which were already finished.
But all other worki sink into insignificance at Sebasto-
pol, before those projected and accomplished by Colonel
Upton, under immense engineering difficulties. They con-
sist of a great fitting basin, into which open five dry docks,
three at the end, and one at each side of the entrance
canal. Au there is no tide, these docks are about the level
of the sea, and the ships are floated into them by locks,
of which there are three, having a rise of ten feet each.
To supply the basin, and thence the canal, the water is
brought eleven miles by a beautiful aqueduct of stone into
which the Black Sea has been turned beyond Inkerman.
This passes, at one part, through an excavated tunnel nine
hundred feet long, which is constructed on arches in five
or six other places.
To form a great reservoir, atuisthus to insure a constant
supply of water, an enormous dyke of stone, like those of
the pools of Solomon, near Bethlehem, was built across a
mountain gorge, but on a much more stupendous scale.
Mr. William Upton superintended the engineering depart-
ment, and the work was achieved with perfect success,
proper sluices being constructed to prevent too great a
pressure in case of unusually heavy rain.
Sooa after all was finished, however, a terrific thunder-
a term arose ; the valley rapidly filled with water, and a groat
land-slip from the side of the mountain took place, the
sluices were thus blocked up, and the flood at last poured
over the top, taking away tier after tier of stones, until
there was left nothing of the work of years but a jumbled
mass:of ruin.

When we stood upon the remaining portion of this ma-
sonry, and remarked its extraordinary strength and soli-
dity, we could scarcely comprebend how the rushing of
any amount of water could have produced such results.
In order to make-sufficient space for the dock, the canal
of which leads from tho southern extremity of the little
port, it was necessary to cut away a portion of the moun-
tain, and on the top of the great perpendicular wall thus
made now stands a massive pile of stone buildings, used as
the sailors' winter barracks.

In case of au enemypenetrating the dockyard port, these
barracks might be held as a formidable position by men
armed with the Minie rifle; and it has been suggested that
a couple of line-of-battle ships in the basin, with their
broadsides to the port, and commanding it, would also
form a battery of great power. Thus, in an attack by sea
alone on Sebastopol every inch of ground would have to be
contested.

A larger filter has been erected, from which pipes are
carried to the quay, into which a stream has been turned
from the aqueduct, and when a ship requires a supply of
water, she or the tank barges have only to go alongside, a
hose is attached to the pipe, put on board, and the process
is accomplished with the greatest facility and expedition.
No expense has been spared to render this naval arsenal
perfect, and we doubt whether, in many respects, there is
another in Europe so convenient, always supposing the
works projected to have been carried out.
The streets of Sebastopol, as may be expected, teem
with soldiers and sailors. Indeed, no one unconnected
with the services lives there, and all but Russians are dis-
couraged or forbidden to do so. The Jews were at one
time ordered away from it entirely, but some few have
been allowed to return. It was said that no' foreigners
were permitted to remain there more than twenty-four
hours ; but during a sojourn of ten days we met with no
interference, although we visited, and curiously examined,
all parts of the town, and everything worth seeing in it.

the course of the year. About 13,000 men are employed
in the works. Each pood cost the treasury four copecks
or thereabouts, the expense of production being seldom
greater than from six to ten copecks. Government sells
this salt at SO-- copecks per pond, except the portion
destined for the consumption of the peninsula, which
only pays 15 copecks. Salt exported is charged with a
duty of 5 copecks. (Higemeister on the Trade of the
Black Sea, n. 130, Eng,. Trans.) Exclusive of salt and
corn, the other principal articles of export are wine,
honey (of an excellent quality), wax, morocco leather,
bides, a considerable quantity of inferior wool, with
lamb-skins, which are highly esteemed, &c. Silks and
cottons, in the style of the Asiatics, form the basis of
the import trade ; and thee are also imported woollen
stuffs, wine, oil, dried fruits, tobacco, jewellery, drugs,
and spices. The only manufacture worth notice is that
of morocco leather. Principal towns :--Kertsch, Caffa,
Balaklava, and Koslow, or Eupataria. Sebastopol, the
finest harbour in the peninsula, is one of the stations of
the Russian fleet. Baktchiserai was the capital under
the Khans. Simpheropol is, however, the modern
capital, not of the Crimea only, but of the entire Go-
vernment of Taurida.

The population consists of Tartars, Russians, Greeks,
Germans, Jews, Armenians, and gipsies. The variety of
different nations found in theOrimea, and the fact that each
lives as in its own country, practising its peculiar customs
and preserving its religious rites, is one of the remarkable
circumstances that render the peninsu:a so curious
to a stranger. • The number of Tartars has declined con•
siderably, by emigration and otherwise, since the occu-
pation of the country by the Russians ; but they still
form the nucleus and main body of the population. They
consist, first, of Nogai Tartars, living in villages, who
pique themselves on their pure Mongolian blood ; 2d, of
Tartars of the steppe, of less pure descent ; and 3d, of
those inhabiting.the south coast, a mixed breed, largely
alloyed with Greek and Turkish blood, and despised by
the others, who bestow on them the contemptuous de-
signation of Tut or renegade. They are all attached to
the Mahommedan faith, and Simpheropol is the seat of
one of the two muftis of the Russian Empire. The Tar-
tars are divided into the classes of nobles (moorzas), of
whom there are 250 priests (mullahs), and peisants. A
mullah is at the head of every parish, and nothing is
undertaken without his consent. The peasants plough
his land, sow and reap his corn, and carry it home ; arid
it is seldom that the proprietor takes tithe of the priest.
In summer the feet and legs of the peasantry are rare ;
but in winter they are clothed after the Russian fashion.
They are simple in their manners and dress ; and their
sobriety, chastity, cleanliness, and hospitality have been
highly eulogised, and probably exaggerated ; they live
principally on the produce of their flocks and herds ; are
wedded to routine practices ; and if they be not, as Pal-
las seems to have supposed, decidedly averse to labour,
they, at all events, are but little disposed to be indus-
trious. The emigration that took place after the occu-
pation of the country by the Russians was owing quite
as much to the efforts of the latter to convert the Tartars
into husbandmen as to the excesses they committed
(Reuilly, p. 176). In their diet they make great use of
honey, and are much addicted to smoking. Every family
has two or more copies of the Koran, which the children
are taught to read ; but despite of this, and of the
schools established in their villages, they are, for the
most part, exceedingly ignorant.
During the present century Government has exerted
itself to improve the condition and to enlighten the
minds of the inhabitants, and also to increase their num
hers and improve their habits, by planting among them
industrious colonists from Germany and elsewhere. The
unhealthiness of the climate is the great obstacle to the
progress of the latter.—PPOttasch.

CRIMINAL COURT.--Sept. 20.

OLD COURT.

Jane Barrington, 2G, was indictod for the wilfa
murder of her male infant.

Mr. Ribton prosecuted ; Mr. Duncan was counsel for
the defence.

It appeared that the prisoner and her husband were
in humble circumstances, and occupied one room in a
house in Arrow-street, Southwark. The child in ques-
tion was about a fortnizht old at the time of its death,
and it appeared that within five days of the prisoner's
delivery she had left her bed, and was engaged in wash-
ing, and there appeared to be very little doubt that this
premature exertion had excited her and affected her
brain. On the sth of September she was in a very wild
state, and she made use of several incoherent expressions
relating► to her child, and she at length exclaimed that
she bad done for it by giving it laudanum. The child
appeared to be very ill, and upea its being taken to a
surgeon named Rendell, he expressed an opinion that it
was suffering from the administration of some narcotic
poison, and it was removed to the workhouse, where it
died two days afterwards. It appeared that the pri-
soner had admitted that she had purchased a penny-
worth of laudanum, and that she gave some to the child,
but there was no trace of that ingredient in the stomach,
and Mr. Rendell said, in cross-examination, that he
should have thought the child had died of natural causes
if he had not been aware of the previous circumstances
of the case. •

Mr. Duncan made a very feeling address to the jury
on behalf of the prisoner, and he called Mr. Evans, the
surgeon of the -parish, as a witness, and he stated,
that even supposing laudanum had been administered
to the child, he was opinion that it had entirely re-
covered from its effects, and that it died from natural
causes.

His lordship, upon this evidence, stopped the case, and
the jury at once returned a verdict of not guilty.
Jane Colbert, 33, was indicted for the manslaughter of
William Colbert.

Mr. Robinson presented ; Mr, Lilley was counse
for the prisoner.

The facts of this case will be fresh in the recollection
of the public. The deceased was the husband of the
prisoner, and it appeared that he was constantly in the
habit of getting drunk and ill-using her. On the occa-
sion in question he had knocked her down and struck
her several times, and in a sudden fury she seized a
knife and threw it at him, and the blade entered his
body, an,d pierced the lung and caused his death.
The jury found the prisoner guilty, but strongly re-
commended her to mercy.
She was sentenced to be imprisoned for one week.

parish clerk, the sexton, and gravedigger, for opening
the ground in the churchyard, and burying cholera sub-
jects therein, contrary to the provisions of the 15th a::d
Nth of Victoria, chap. 58, as well as an order in
Council, and by which act they are by law guilty of a
misdemeanour.

Mr. Bradley stated that for upwards of 12 months,
indeed since the promulgation of the order in council,
prohibiting the burial of bodies in the churchyard, him-
self and his family had been freed from the unpleasant
smell caused by the exhalations from the burial-ground ;
but. since the spread of the cholera the sexton recom-
menced opening the ground, and the consequence was,
that close to the wall of his house the body of a young
man who died from cholera was buried. Since this had
been done, the unpleasant smell increased to such an
extent that his family were afraid to open the back
windows so as to admit athorough air, and the circum-
stance was altogether not only exceedingly disagreeable
to himself and family, but likely seriously to affect their
health.

Mr. Elliott—ls this done by the order of the church-
wardens ?

Mr. Bradley—l think not, sir. It is done by Brook,
the sexton, merely for the purpose of gain, while I have
no doubt he represents to the parish authorities that the
graves opened are family graves. I shall be able to
prove by witnesses that the grave opened for the inter-
ment, on the 4th instant, of the body of a young man
who died of cholera, was not a family grave, but had
merely been opened on the payment of a fee of five shil-
lings. Indeed Brook, the sexton, makes no secret of the
matter, but says he will bury anybody for a fee of from
one shilling upwards.
Mr. Elliott—You may take your summons.