The Sun.
London, England, 1838-08-09 00:00:00

THE SUN", LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 9, 1838

mers will be sacrificed, as the hand-loom weavers have
been sacrificed in times past. Let the farmers ponder
gravely on the dangers of their position. They can trust
to nothing but their own energies. The harvest promises
to be a deficient one ; prices are rising. Foreign wheat
will soon be introduced in immense quantities, until Eng-
lish wheat will, in all probability, sink to five shillings a
bushel. The supply mey, after :11, prove deficient. The
moment prices shall, in these circumstances, rice again, an
outcry will be raised aga'nst the Corn Laws. Their repeal
will be the consequence, and then—the beginning of the
end will indeed have arrived. Let the farmers look to it.

—Morning Hcrald.
We are glad to perceive that last night Lord Brougham
laid on the table of the House of Lords a Bill to explain,
alter, and amend an Act passed in the present Session of
Parliament for the Government of' Canada. That this Act
requires explanation and amendment there needs no other
evidence than some of the steps which have been taken,
professedly under its authority, by Lord Durham, and
which, if the fact may be believed on Lord Melbourne's
assertion, there are parsons who call themselves, and are
called by others, learned in the law, to say the Act really
authorises. Whether Lord Brougham is the individual
Member of Parliament most likely to supply such explana-
tory and amending enactments as the Act requires, asd
neither more nor less, may very reasonably be doubted ;
but be this as it may, his Lordship must be allowed to have
rendered a very important service to the State in thus sub-
jecting its provisions to the careful revision of the House
of Lords, now that they have been seen in operation, and
that the unnatural and unprofitable truce of parties during
which they were enacted is fortunately at an end. But, in
relation to Canadian affairs, the explanation, however clear,
and the amendment, however perfect, of the Act of Parlia-
ment under which the North American colonies of Great
Britain are governed, is obviously not enough. What
seems to be still more urgently and imperatively accessary
is to find out, if that be possible, sonic means of teaching
the Noble Lord to whom the government of these colonies
is entrusted, that Acts of Parliament are made, not that
the Governors of colonies should disregard, but obey them.
Whatever obscurity there may be in the meaning of some
parts of the Act of Parliament which confers upon Lord
Durham all that is extraordinary in his powers, it is
sufficiently clear that there is no part of that Act
which confers upon him the power of making laws for
any of our North American colonies, with the ex-
ception of Lower Canada, the constitutional legislature
of which is for a time suspended ; and that there is
no part of the Act which authorises him to make laws, even
for this province, which, instead of being general in their
application, are specially adapted and applicable only to
the cases of particular individuals. Yet this is what Lord
Durham did when, by his proclamation, he banished to the
island of Bermuda certain subjects of her Majesty accused
of high treason, but neither proved nor judicially acknow-
ledging themselves guilty of that or any other crime, upon
pain of death in the event of their returning to Lower
Canada ; and this is what he did still more arrogantly
and absurdly in assuming, without proof or confession,
either judicial or otherwise, against certain other subjects
of her Majesty absent from the colony, that they are guilty
of high treason, and commanding them, upon pain of
death, Rot to return. It seems to be admitted even by the
Law Officers of the Crown, to whom we must sup-
pose Lord Melbourne alluded the other night when lie
spoke of the highest legal authorities, that the trans-
portation of the unconvicted traitors of Lower
Canada to Bermuda by Lord Durham's proclamation is
illegal. The admission is worth something. But why is
the transportation without conviction or legal confession of
crime of the subjects of the Queen to Bermuda contrary to
law, if their transportation to any other place whatever
would have been agreeable to law ? If, in virtue merely
of the Queen's commission to represent her magisterial
and executive power in the British settlements of North
America, Lord Durham is authorised to pass sentence
of transportation upon unconvicted and untried indi-
viduals, he would be as well authorized to transport
from Lower Canada to Bermuda as to Upper Canada.
New Brunswick, or Nova Scotia. If his power of
transportation is supposed to be derived from the Act
of the British Parliament which constituted his Lord-
ship and the Council, he might appoint Legislators for
Lower Canada, but for Lower Canada only, no sup-
position can be more absurd. To enact that trans-
portation shall be the punishment, whether of a par-
ticular class or a particular instance of crime, implies
legislative power in the territory to which, as well
as in the territory from which, the criminal is to be
tranzported. But it is not pretended that Lord Durham
and his Council had been invested with legislative power
in Upper Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, or indeed
anywhere in the world, except in the single province of
Lower Canada. It follows that Lord Durham, as a legis-
lator, can only transport men, whether under a general or
a special law, from the province of Lower Canada to the
province of Lou er Canada. The British Parliament con-
ferred upon the Queen's Governor and Commissioner in
Lower Canada great, extraordinary, and unconstitutional
powers, but not unlimited powers. Lord Durham ac-
cepted these high and important offices with full know-
ledge of' the powers legally appertaining to them, and of the
limitations by which—certainly in no niggardly or j-alous
spirit—tile Legislature had thought fit to circumscribe them.
And having done this, he proceeds, immediately on his arrival
at the seat of his Government, to exercise—we do not stop
to say how discreetly—his 1 Tat powers, and to show how
thoroughly he despises their legal limitations. And the
answer, the only answer, to those who complain of this is,
that Lord Durham in Canada must needs be a better
judge of wl,at is best to be done than anybody in England
' can possibly be ; that it is unfair and captious to find fault ;
and that if his Lordship's measures be a little unconstitu-
tional and a little illegal nobody ought ta mind that, as it
may, perhaps, turn out, by and by, that they were very
convenient. So the Governor of a colony who, nit satis-
fied with the all but unlimited powers he legallyenj
usurps powers which the law has not conferred, who then
oys,
insults the British Pa:liarnent and people, and offers a fla-
grant outrage to the good sense and patriotism of the
people of Canada, is to be shielded from blame by a plea
weaker and more wicked than even the tyrant's plea of
necessity, the plea, namely, of hypothetical convenience.—
Morning Post.

AGED FREEMASONS' ASYLUM.
evening a general meeting of the Governors and friends of the In.
st tution eras held at the New London Hotel, Bridge-street,
friars, Dr. Crucit:x in the chair. The report for the past year Was read,
and answered the most sanguine expectations of the ficiends and sub.
scribers to the asylum. Thu accounts were audited and found to be
most satisfactory. The general communications from the London, pro-
vincial, and foreign lodges in favour of the asylum were of the most
gratifying nature. Several speeches were delivered and resolutions
passed in favour of the institution. The annual Committee was ap-
p_inted, and Ahlerman Thomas Wood was unanimously e'. cted a trus-
tee of the institution. After a vote of thanks to the Chairman, the
meeting separated.
A letter of the 25:11 ult. from Malta, published
the Semaphore of Marseilles, states that Duke Maximilian of Ba-
varis had terminated his quarantine at Fort Manoel, several days pre-
% inusly, and had landed with his suite at La Valetta.
after being greeted with a s (lute of twenty-one guns, proceeded to the
1)3:ae?, where he wds met by a guard of honour, and was Cher_ received
.tall
of the Governor at the top of the staircase, and conducted to the all
of Audience, where lie was presented to Lord and Lady Ponsonll• lie
his short stay at
next visited the arsenal and public library, aid during The Pi ince,
Malta inspected all the public institutions worthy of notice. His
Royal Highness and suite had subsequently embarked on board the
Sainte 1G enettede for Nalles. Admiral Sir R. Stopford with his
Hl'squadron itIMI' in the port; the vessels being the Princess Charlotte,
Rodney,' Asia,'Vanguard, Pembroke line-of.battle ships ; Barham and
Castor, frigates ; Wasp brig, and the Rhadamanthws steamer. Since
his departure from Toulon, Sir R. Stopford, with the greater part of his
squ,dron, had visited Port Mahon and Cagliari.

TIIE ARISTOCRACY OF ENCL AND.—DeSpOt•ISIII
will sometimes abuse its power; aristocracy will sometimes be insolent,
o r
nature,f,,o l i s h,
will or
the corrupt,doro i
dominion
oppressive;oo tui ol populace
1, zbnuh tya,
exist
blionws
:net
fohocreoreuapfl frail
doadriil
yi
wish
state
,Aci orinntf,oi i
fuo humansb:ear;
bwtiisteis? itTlpsoessoilbdl e nobility
ttyh en"eyq
ine-
quality must exist, what so palatable as this ? When they are insolent
is their insolence like that of new-got wealth 1 It is a counteraction
to
"leisureintrigue, craft,
wipe.
r,
a, u d,
Theeorrretsiipvtioot for
andcorruption,
it, violence,io
spitefo andaii i, leaves"
asseverations m men
to
the contrary, cannot be eradicated from the human bosom ; and he who
has it, and does not experience a complacetnbnoatbtisliiastty,isfaction at the rettec.
oi who dis-
aanbdo
aboriginal—
looking aregi
osao
Ile
glion on
~
so,
ii,ta, t ibs
ea
fefootiasl o rTsboosrifeetteh irret gallworse,y
of the oldest an d noblest of Europe ; they may hypocritebae"callegd
looking to the conquest, and some even towards Charlemagne.—Sin'
Egrt
Durham cows were lately sold at Kerry at an
e oon Be ry riges.
Sonic
average of 301., one brought as much as 40 guineas.
HOME-MADE BRICKS.—The following is a po
cess of making the bricks which are much used in Norfolk for buildring-
".
walls, and farm buildings, on account of their cheapness
h
process i; to dig the clay or brick earth as free fromstone;ts
plotsetsaibfiglree:,t'and put one load of sand or road scrawings to two loads of clay ;
placed size, the
,)n
a quantity of water is well in mixing, which is done by treading with
horses ; some short straw being evenly thrown in duringmthadeeptrcoesfseoetf
treading, as much as can conveniently be trodden is required. This
prevents the bricks from cracking as they dry. AS soon as sufficiently
dry to bear turning, they should be set on one edge, and kept frequently
turned that they may dry evenly. They may be ma,oduealfdtaenriSy
idouotgy, beingten
or o shilling
lere,,
inchesthe
wide,h ttndarnedd. o i
oTohienyr
haerse' thick.us ua
in a mould the same as the common brick in the placelwly
hTh—ereeythareey are to
remain till dry. The ground they aremadeon should be quite even and
the ground,
and
aliogdhtrllyecoovaerrtie,dpoo‘t'eriowrioth
mould is taken away and the brick is left to dry. In building with
fo'ratimd.theTbhreicmk
them,orta r.brick
The earth,
with a little lime, may be used instead of common
m
expense of digog, treading, and making, is from 7s. to
Ss. per hundred, exclusively Of carting and horse labour. The width
of brick may vary accortithg to the strength of the wall required. For
instance, nine inciter wide is sufficient for a cottage, and twelve or four-
teen inches wide for a barn. One hundred of these bricks, nine inches
thick, ten or eleven wide, and two feet long, are equal to about 1,500
common bricks, and these cost Bs. or 10s. per hundred; the common, I
think, are 45. per hundred, which, for 1,500, to be equal to 100, would
be Si. To ensure the buildings greater permanency, it perhaps would
be best to build a foundation of burnt bricks or stone five or six inches
out of the ground, and to give the home-made bricks a coating of coal
tar, or other similar substance.—Sussex Ezprat.