The Sun.
London, England, 1853-10-31 00:00:00

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LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 31, 1853.

r PRICE SD.

AMERICA.

. surrounded, however, and the people, finding the stalls
in the Market-place handy, broke some of them into
-s-
pieces for bludgeons, and strippedothers of the most
We regret to have to state that the turn-out of colliers weighty vegetables they containd to be used as missiles,
loow
the
ehoe was veryh active in throwing, and handing him
and factory operatives at Wigan, in Lancashire, has with which they pelted the windows and the. defemndesriseest
is
siraeztoendt
Ithsacit he should be taken to
brought on a breach of the peace of a most alarming 1 the house indiscriminately. The mayor seized one fel-
trdtshefrommt the Eaagnled
character, the town having been for some hours on Fri-
day night entirely in the hands of a lawless mob, ant- to
mob, however, would not Tea
the t police, whichta e;
mated by a spirit of the bitterest hostility towards
ed police, they nearly all ran away at the first attack, and
particular individuals on the part of some, and of wanton when the special constables were sent to snupgpoor;t the
raeTsrterdatteos,tiaiend
oploielieceo,ffifieneding their
and reckless mischief on the part of others, who destro3
wlethneo more senedn. Ultimately the man was rescued,
without hindrance whatever and wherever they thought
proper. So completely did the lives and property of the
inhabitants lay at the disposal of a disorderly and die- til they had been severely knocked Pabout. Thenmotauon-
aabsolute mayor and
s3ntented rabble, that a survey of the damage done ex- received some blows, and Alderman Marsden, who stood
r
cites surprise that it is not much greater, though at a by his side at the door of the Eagle, got a black eye
low estimate it cannot be less than 1,000/. As the from a blow with a stick, and a slight laceration of the
readers of The Sun know, the colliers of Wigan, several scalp. It was then decided to send for the military from
weeks ago, made a demand upon their employers for an Preston, as there are none at Wigan, and the mayor
advance of 2d. in each shilling of their wages, or about made his way hastily to the North Union Railway sta-
tion at the bottom of Wall-gate, and somewhere near 3
161 per cent., which was refused ; and for seven weeks o'clock, he sent a, messenger on a special engine to Preston,
they have not been at work in consequence of that re- 161 miles off, with instructions to go to the barracks
fusal. The factory operatives have also been out of
at Fulwood, three miles on the other side of Preston,
employment for nearly six weeks, in consequence of the and hdeectra
tondp ntheetaidfoofr
athide manilditatroy.thAe tstBat.2iooahme
atestleer-
refusal of their employers to accede to demands the graphed
made for more wages, and at the present time, out of in readiness, to convey the soldiers without the delay of
Y therer to have an Preston
with the steam up, and a train
35,000 souls in the town and its suburbs, there is an a moment. Meanwhile the mob continued their attack
unemployed population of 4,000 resident colliers and of upon the exterior of the inn, without any interruption ;
ey b the lower wind in front, and of
6,000 factory hands, nearly a third of the community, ath
glassroke screenall vest
to the vesule orows entrance and a party
who have been for above a month without any means of leaving gone to the back yard, up a side ' thosepassage, con-
subsistence beyond the charitable contributions received ducted a series of similar operations there, breaking
from their fellow-townsmen. frames as well as glass, and destroying glass in the
At the corner of the Market-place there is a large second floors, and in a long range of out-offices. They
structure, Whiteside's Royal Hotel, better known among finished by eight o'clock, and at that time the greatest
closed confusion
tbe i
rp;xicar
eaedse d
of
businesst he tow town. Shopkeepers
terror,
hastilyh
the lower class in Wigan as "the Eagle," from the cir-
cumstance that the sign it bears is the Stanley cogni. they found that the police had drresoer;teacretcheamy. wTleine
zance—the eagle and child. It is also called "the crowd in the Market-place increased, and finally left for
war-office," because of the many times it has been the Mill-gate, where they broke every window in the
object of popular fury at elections, and when the
lock-ups adjacent. As they went along they put out
police-office, and in the residence of the keeper of the
the gaslights, cheering as each was extinguished, and
telries of the town, and, consequently, a place of adding to the terror of the peaceable inhabitants by
resort for committees and the directors of public their yells. The night was very dark and murky.
movements. At this house the coal- masters of Most of the lamp shades they broke, and in some cases
the district have held their fortnightly meetings they tore away portions of the pipes. They then re-
since the dispute with their men, and there they
re
turned through the Market-place into the Wall-gate,
number u am
few
r windowstheMi no
Moot-hall, goinga dmuchow down
larger
assembled in large numbers on Friday last, at four he
aTii o, wann- hall ali ln, and
o'clock in the afternoon, to hold a regularly adjourned Wall-gate they seem to have attacked indiscriminately
fortnightly meeting, Mr. Peace, the manager of the every public and private lamp. Into the shop window
extensive colliery workings of the Earl of Crawford and of Mr. Wall, the postmaster, a stone was hurled, which
through the office, through a glass screen at the
,
Balcarras, at Haigh, an out-township, occupied the chair, passed
back, and finally broke the glass in a bookcase still
as he has done, we believe, at every previous meeting, further on, having
been projected a distance of five
and the deliberations were protracted. The men ap- yards. A
great many other stones passed through
pear to have indulged a hope that at the meeting the the office, nearly hitting the clerk. The largeand valuable
masters would agree either to give the 161 per cent. plate glass windows of the Victoria and Clarence Hotels
swaesrhe shivered to atoms, leaving the Clarence without a
or to offer a compromise of ld. in the Is., or 8f per
; and by nine o'clock they had extinguished every
cent., which they (the men) were prepared to accept, it lamp upon their line of route, down three of the P rin-
is believed ; and they assembled to the number of some cipal streets. They then returned, and commenced a
hundreds in the Market-place, and around the steps of second attack upon the Eagle. This time they broke
the Eagle, exhibiting great anxiety to learn the decision the windows they had previously missed, and getting
of the meeting within. The deliberations of the mss- downe
the screen, the two
took down the curtains in the rooms
front rooms and the vestibule, broke
tern were not concluded until five o'clock, and soon after
, smashed the looking glasses over the chimney pieces,'
though no formal announcement was made, it became damaged the furniture, and tried to set fire to the cur-
known that they had decided to throw open the pits for tains. They then left again, returned down Wall-
a fortnight, for the men to return to work at the old gate, breaking more windows and lamp-shades, and on
rates if they chose, and to close them again at the end
Tart
to an opening leading to the house of Mr. James
of that time if the opportunity of getting to work was theyrso,r'coPtatrOn esrp
iinnntehr
se fiar me
ryo f
wTahsorma
iassedTahyly someor and
gßi
rrlos -
not taken by any number of the men. Of course the " Let's go to Taylor's." They went up and broke the
resolution was not satisfactory to men who had deter. windows to the front, and penetrating into the garden,
mined to have an advance, if it were but half what they broke some there also. At this time the mob appeared
at first asked, and they audibly expressed their feelings, to consist of lads and men, not many above twenty years
Besides colliers, there were a good many factory people of age, and some girls. When they had done what they
in the market-place, as Friday is market day, and, more- listed there, they returned into Wallgate and made an
over, that morning the autumn chartered fair, known as attack upon the shop of Mr. Esplen, jeweller, and were
"The Mayor's Fair," had been opened pro form& tearing down his shutters, and had broken some of the
by his worship, and was then proceeding for the sale of glass in the windows, when a railway train from Preston
cattle ; consequently, the unemployed were drawn passed along the North Union line, which is within a
thither in unusual numbers, and continued to stand few yards of the shop, and on hearing it approach a cry
about in groups quietly until about half-past six o'clock. was raised, "Here's the soldiers," the rioters fled pre-
At that time the first acts of disorder were committed. cipitately, and Mr. Esplen was fortunately saved from
What led to them is not clear, as there are two accounts plunder. In the same excursion they broke the windows
current in the town. One is to the effect that Mr. of the offices of the board of health, of the board of
Peace's son, a youth about 19 years of age, who is guardians, and the overseers of the poor, in Queen-street,
articled to a respectable solicitor in the town, in below the North Union railway bridge over the street,
and also in the house of Mr. Wright, a surgeon, next
walking down the Wall-gate, a street leading from
the market-place, with a friend or friends, was ob- door. From Queen-street they got into Chapel-lane,
and attacked the residence of Mr. W. Johnson, cotton
strutted by a factory lad, whom he ordered out of
his way in such a tone of voice, that the lad spinner. The house and the mill are enclosed, but they
got inside the gates, broke the windows of the house,
made use of saucy lanemage, on which Mr. Peace, jun.,
seized him and threwbhim down in putting him out of entered the lower rooms, broke a valuable finger organ
the way. This roused the indignation of several young and pianoforte, destroyed the engravings, paintings, and
f
men who were standing about, and they began to hoot furniture of three rooms, and having collected some
and jostle Mr. Peace and his friends, who, becoming umbrellas and table linen, and portions of a sofa, they
alarmed took refuge in the shop of Mr. Charles Johnson, got burning coals and made a fire in the middle of a par-
a watchmaker. A stone, or piece of brick, was then
lour, leaving the place in a blaze. Mr. Johnson and
thrown through the shop window, and more would have his family were in the house when the attack was made,
followed but for a cry of "Nay, don't ; Charley John-
but they escaped before the mob broke in, and after
they left Mr. Johnson and some men had to exert them-
son's a decent fellow." Mr. Peace and the others then
left the shop and got into the Dog and Partridge public-
selves to extinguish the fire. Damage to the extent of
house, which they subsequently left by a back way, the about 5001. was done. Before they finally retired, the
mob, now considerably augmented, remaining in front rioters broke some garden furniture, and hurled a heavy
of
hooting with much energy. Another account published
log
he wood upon a conservatory. Mr. Johnson is one
in a local paper, says that the youth was going through masters whose mills are closed, but he is neither
of t
the market-place, and down Wall-gate towards the rail-
one of the largest employers of labour nor one of the
most forward in the agitation. This was done about
way station, with two friends, coalmasters, and that the
'
colliers recognising them, a few young men began to half-past nine o clock.
hoot and jostle, and at last drove them into Mr. John- It may be asked, where were the police and the mili-
son's shop, subsequently following them to the Dog and tary ? The police were safe at the police-office, and
Partridge, where Mr. Peace pulled a small pistol from never showed themselves in force much after their first
his pocket and presented it at his assailants. Whether discomfiture. There was an unaccountable delay in the
these reports be true or false—and we give them as re- arrival of the military, which will have to be accounted
ports which have reached us, without vouching for their for elsewhere, no doubt. The message was telegraphed
exactness—it is certain that the first stone was thrown at Preston at twenty minutes past eight ; a train was
at Mr. Johnson's windows. The originators of the dis- got ready at Preston station, as was required ; and yet
turbance were mostly youths, and it is believed that it was ten minutes past eleven before the men got to the
they were factory hands and not colliers. The mob station, and twenty minutes to twelve before they
continued at the Dog and Partridge in a state of great reached Wigan. The mayor was all that time at the
excitement, waiting for the return of Mr. Peace, and the railway station, anxiously awaiting the assistance he
longer they waited the more angry they became. About had sent for, the shouts of the mob reaching him there
seven o'clock the chief constable of the borough, Mr. from time to time from the streets below, and as he was
Sims, with a portion of the police force, proceeded to absent from the scene of the disturbance the Riot Act
disperse the disorderly assemblage. was not read, nor was anything done from eight o'clock
And here it becomes necessary to digress in order to to half-past eleven at all likely to stop the rioters. By
explain some circumstances which have an important that time they had worn themselves out, and when the
bearing upon the subsequent proceedings. Wigan is one soldiers arrived, all they had to do was to parade the
of those old-fashioned places in which comprehensive town for a short period, finding comparatively few
notions of municipal government and sanitary require- people in the streets, and then to retire to their quarters
ments have as yet made so little way that horse and in the Moot-hall and the Town-hall. They consisted of
cattle fairs are held in the main streets, and upon such oc- two companies, 140 rank and file, of the 34th Foot,
casions the chief thoroughfares are impassable on account under the command of Captain J. Wilt, with Lieutenant
of horses that are showing their paces, or the ancle deep Westhead and Ensigns Byron and Lawrence.
accumulations of cow dung. In matters of police regu- The party which attacked Mr. Johnson's house went
lation the authorities are even more behind their age, further on, to the house of Mr. Wm. Tipping, cotton
displaying an almost criminal parsimony in respect to spinner, situated at about a mile from the centre of the
their force. The borough, as we have said, contains town, and there did much damage to the front doors
35,000 people, many of them colliers—an ignorant and and windows, but did not succeed in forcing an entrance.
reckless class of men—to control whom is most difficult ; Another party got into Wigan-lane, about half a mile
and yet for this large population the police establishment from the town, and in an opposite direction, up Stand-
maintained consists of but eleven men —one chief con- ish-gate, broke into the shop of Mr. Liptact, provision
stable, one serjeant, and nine constables, and one of the dealer, and sacked it. It is said that the proprietor had
latter is on the sick list at present, so that each consta- made himself obnoxious to the factory hands by having
ble is charged with the continual guardianship of nearly shut his door in the faces of some when they asked him
3,200 persons. There has been no addition to the force to contribute to their support. Between half-past nine
since the strike commenced, though the magistrates and and ten o'clock a third attack was made upon the Eagle,
town council knew full well the wild character of the and a third attempt to set it on fire, but it was clear
colliers, and might have understood that the chances of that only boys were concerned. The result of the three
disturbance increased with every increase in the price of attacks was a roomful of broken furniture and fittings,
provisions, so long as both masters and men were de- and the cost of repairs must be considerable. The shop
tennined to continue the struggle. There is, moreover, of Isaac Wright, provision dealer, of Darlington-street,
we believe, a jealousy of any interferance on the part of was entered and sacked ; and an attack was made upon
the county police, and, consequently, Captain Wood- the shop of Mr. Collison, of Standish-gate, pawnbroker,
ford's highly effective force is never asked to assist in but before they got in he compromised with his assail-
the borough, the services of the military being preferred ants for a sovereign. When he threw it out to them,
to those of the civil force in any emergency. The ma- they coolly called for a light to see whether it was a
gistrates did, indeed, meet on the 12th ult., and deter- good one or not. A mail-cart was detained for some
mined that summonses should be prepared for 300 time by the rioters. In Warrington-lane an attack was
special constables to be sworn in, and called on to act made upon the house of Mr. Wood, cotton spinner, who
in case of necessity. With remarkable shortsightedness, suffered severely ;in King-street the windows of Mr.
however, they selected those men, not from among the Eccles, cotton spinner, were broken.
shop-keepers and middle classes, who had something to
For taking a share in this disturbance the police ap-
lose by an outbreak, but from the class of artizans, such
rehended five lads on Friday night, with pockets asjoiners, mechanics, stonemasons—who have been
Pcontaining groceries, tea, tobacco, sugar, rice, and
themselves contending for higher wages—with biscuits,over-
which they hadgot fromof the
one
lookers and some managers of mills, agents, labourers,
boatmen on the canals, and engine-drivers. The ma-
s shop , and some stones. Three of them were Irish, and
jority of those selected, in fact, were persons more one was a factory lad; the others belonged to different
,
likely to sympathise with the turn-outs than to resisttrades.
them, as was subsequently proved to the great annoy- The magistrates met on Saturday afternoon at three
ante and dismay of the mayor when he called for their o'clock, at their clerks' offices. There were present—the
aid. Fifty out of the 300 were sworn in on Friday mayor, Mr. 3. Acton, Mr. T. H. Eccles, Mr. W. Park,
afternoon to be ready, as the temper of the people was Mr. Thomas Taylor, and Mr. Edward Evans. It was
evidently not good. determined that a notice should be posted upon the walls
To return to the Dog and Partridge. Mr. Sims and of the town stating that, in consequence of the riotous
his little force of seven men issued from the police-office proceedings of the past night, the mayor and magis-
in Millgate, and went down there in a body to disperse trates requested all parties after their lawful business
the mob, but the blood of the latter having warmed, so was finished to leave the streets ; all parties congregat-
far from displaying any fear or respect for this terrible ing together to be deemed liable to apprehension as dis-
exhibition of the majesty of the law, they began to hoot orderly. A notice was prepared and sent to the printer's
them also. Mr. Sims did all he could to pacify by fair ' immediately. The five boys were brought up and re-
words, but with no success, and thinking that the pre- manded to Monday. A letter to the Secretary of State
sence of himself and men only exasperated them, he was prepared by the mayor, concisely stating the facts
drew off and gave orders to return to the police- we have narrated, and asking that the military should
office. The mob evidently considered this a triumph, and, be allowed to remain in the town until the strike is over,
increased in boldness, hustled Mr. Sims as he brought in consequence of the want of police.
up the rear of his men, trying to "leg" or throw him The town was perfectly quiet on Saturday, but large
down, and pelting them with oyster-shells. When they numbers of persons were in the streets. There was an
reached the office Mr. Sims instantly sent for Mr. N. apprehended cause of disturbance in the fact that Mr.
Eckersley, the mayor, who attended at once, and de- Peace on Thursday brought 150 colliers from Wales by
snatched messengers to request the attendance of Mr. the North Union line, and having shunted them upon
Thomas Cooke, a linendraper, residing in the Market- the New Springs coal branch, which goes up to his col-
place, and Mr. Thomas Byrom, a grocer in the Markets lieries, he took them thither, and lodged them in some
place, two of the borough magistrates. The whole of ' rooms in a large manufactory for waggons. This was
the regular police force were then summoned, and it , done secretly, but the colliers got wind of it, and as theey'.
was found that in consequence of the heavy night duty regard Mr. Peace as the chief obstacle to lisaarr_r fag
cast upon them by the strike, only six were available ; ment between the masters and themselves, "
Cries of
the special constables were hastily summoned, and thirty rendered them still more bitter againstFriday night, but
out of the fifty responded. The mayor then suggested " Let's go to Peace's," were heard on
that himself and the two magistrates named, being un- his house stands at Haigh, two miles from town, and
connected with the strike of colliers, should go and en- therefore escaped.
deavour to pacify the people, and they' accordingly pro- E It is fortunate that no lives were lost in this affair, nor
ceeded to Mr. sims's, and the augmented force towards ' any one injured seriously. A question has arisen as to
the Wall-gate, by way of the Eagle. They met the who will have to bear
he cost of the outbreak, and it is
people coming up, and hearing them call out " Let's said that because the
r.oßiot Act was not read there has not
ting
which entitles a sufferer to
away to the Eagle," they returned and stationed them- I been the felonious i .
selves in front of the house to protect it. They were ' recover from the coon ty.
- i

RIOT AT WIGAN.

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.

LIVERPOOL, OCT. 29.
By the royal mail steam-ship Arabia, Judkins,
commander, we have advices from New York to
the 19th inst. She has brought 94 passengers and
$1,216,000 in specie on freight.
The United States' steamer Atlantic arrived at
New York from this port on the 16th inst.
There is very little general news by this arrival.
Messrs. Dimond and Co., of Bristol, Rhode
Island, sugar merchants, &c., had suspended pay-
ment. Their liabilities were said to be large. The
rumours of failures among the dry goods jobbers
were confirmed. The failure of Messrs. Winston
and Seaman jobbers, Pine-street, had also been
announced.
The yellow fever was raging fearfully at various
points on the Mississippi river and in the interior.
The latest accounts from Washington state that
the China mission had not been filled.
A private meeting of some exiles of different
countries is reported to have taken place at New
York, by whose unanimous decision Major L.
Terzucanowski, formerly aide-de-camp of General
Muralowski, and afterwards commander-in-chief of
the French Legion in Sicily, had been appointed to
form a volunteer legion in the United States, in-
tended to sail for Constantinople.
Captain Mumford, of the packet-ship Havre,
which had arrived at New York, reports the fol-
lowing :

OXFORD, OCT. 29.
TUTORS' ASSOCIATION.
A, meeting of the Tutors' Association was held in
Oriel College Common Room on Friday evening, Oct.
28, at which the subject for the limitation of fellowships
to particular localities was discussed. Several members
of the association were in favour of the entire abolition
of such restrictions and preferences, with the exception
of those which have been made by founders in favour of
Wales, and, perhaps, of some other districts to which
such advantages are particularly important. Others
were of opinion that the election of competent men
might be secured without so far departing from the in-
tentions of founders, if Colleges were to interpret the
of n 0 andfit
conditions of fitness according to a sufficiently high
standard,
district, they were authorised in such case to elect from
other localities. twheree appearing
e ariprovisionng
from i s
themade
prescribed for th e
case
On the one side, it was argued that population had
become so shifting that those born in a locality no longer
represent its settled inhabitants, and that the preference
oe ether side,
primary importance.
it consideredimpworatsanc a
eAnd
wbneitehfit
tye hv eeciia's remembranceet,hebsuet c oan
c,
as
re coyf ootnhbdjeaerpcytassob jfaenfcodt
utnod a witht i
retain,the
founder.
auPpossible,
welldesesei iprnba. useal:t On
hosenth
re-
spect to the practice of colleges, at least under the
present law, it was remarked that they had not the
founder's claim to consider, but, likewise, the positive
right belonging to those who at present claimed under
his will. After two hours' discussion, a majority of
those present were in favour of retaining a preference
for the prescribed districts, but thought it advisable that
colleges should be enabled, if in any case they required
fresh authority, to insist on a high standard of compe.
tency, and to elect from other localities, if they could
not otherwise obtain it.
UNIVERSITY ARCHITECTURAL SOCIETY.

" On the 9th inst., in lat. 41 deg. 42 min., long. 58
deg. 30 min., he was boarded by a boat from the ship
Sagadahoc, of Bath, Maine, Captain Sister, 53 days
from Gottenburg, forXoston. The Sagadahoc had lost
during the passage 58 passengers from cholera ; the
captain's wife was very sick, and 14 passengers were in
a very low state from sickness. Captain Mumford
supplied the vessel with small stores and other neces-

The ordinary meetings during the present term will
be held in the society's rooms, Holywell, on Wednes-
day, Nov. 2 • Wednesday, Nov. 16 ; and Wednesday,
Dec. 7, at eight o'clock in the evening.
The meeting for the election of president, auditors,
and five members of committee, will take place on Wed-
nesday, Nov. 23, at two o'clock p.m.
At the first meeting, on Wednesday, Nov. 2, a paper
will be read by the Rev. J. E. Millard, M. A., of Mag-
dalen College, "On the Architecture of the Rhine
Country."
Members having presents or other communications for
any of the meetings, are requested to forward them to
the secretaries, at the society's rooms, on or before the
Saturday preceding such meeting.
Those members whose subscriptions are in arrear, are
requested to transmit them to the Rev. S. W. Wayte,
Trinity College.

saries."

Halifax papers of the 12th instant state that the
steamer Vulcan had arrived there on the 9th, with
350 troops. A part of the troops were intended for
Bermuda, but, as the yellow fever was still raging
there, they were brought to Halifax.
Letters from Santa Fe announce that an ex-
ploring party, under the command of Mr. F. X.
Aubrey and party, reached there on the 14th ult.
He crossed the Sierra Nevada at Tegon Pass on
the 12th of July. He found gold at the crossing
of the Colorado, and other places, and silver and
copper ore in great abundance. The Indians were
very numerous and hostile, and had fought their
party for 30 days, wounding nearly all of them.
In the New York _Herald, it is stated that Aubrey
and party met a tribe of Indians 200 miles west of
Senne, who used gold bullets for their guns.
There had been a marked improvement in the
New York stock-market. Erie Railroad shares
opened at 874 an advance of 11 per cent. on pre-
vious sales. Hudson River Railroad advanced 1/ ;
Cumberland Coal Company, 1 ; Stonington Rail-
road, 1 ; New York Central, 1. Reading Rail-
road advanced from 73 to 76. Broadway Bank
sold at 116 ' • Bank of Commerce, 104 ; Bank State
New York, 108; American Exchange Bank, 118 i ;
Metropolitan Bank, 102. Some of these pay 10 per
cent. dividend annually, and they are all equal to
at least a 9 per cent. stock. Their surplus funds
are also known to be large ; the Broadway Bank
showing 22 per cent., and the Band of the State
8i per cent. undividd profits. United States and
State loans are firm, the purchases of the Govern-
ment absorbing all of the former that appear ;
and of the latter the amount offered for sale con-
tinues very limited. The Secretary of the Trea-
sury has issued a note increasing the bids for
the different loans to $7,000,000, in addition to
the purchase made prior to the Bth inst. Several
of the States are also, from time to time, purchasers
of considerable amounts of their own debts, as in-
vestments of the sinking funds provided for their
redemption. The scarcity of money is felt princi-
pally in the large commercial cities. In the inte-
rior the supply is ample, and the payments to the
seaboard are made with great promptness and re-
gularity. The agricultural interests are very pros-
perous, and, while this is the case, there is no
reason to apprehend any serious crisis in the busi-
ness of the country generally. The rate of dis-
count for first-class paper is 12 per cent. Loans
on call on desirable securities can be obtained at
7 per cent. There is less firmness in the market
for foreign exchanges. The demand is not large,
while the supply of bills is rather increasing. Ex-
changes on London, 1091 to 110 ; Paris, 513/ to
5141 ; Amsterdam, 4V, to 411 ; Hamburg, 364 to
36a Bremen, 801 to 80,1 ; Frankfort, 411 to 41 ;
Antwerp, 512 to 515.
The cotton market, after receipt of the Atlantic's
news from Liverpool, was much depressed, and
prices declined fully 1 cent per pound. The light
receipts at the ports and light exports, combined
with the moderate views entertained as to the ex-
tent of the incoming crop, would, under other cir-
cumstances, have induced speculation at the highest
currency of the season, but fear of a general war in
Europe overrules all other considerations, leaving
holders, in the absence of demand, the alternative
only of forcing sales to make a market, or, as the
majority are doing, of holding in hopes of receiving
more satisfactory advices.
The market was heavy and unsettled for both
flour and wheat, at prices not materially different
from those last quoted. The following were the
quotations for flour and wheat :-Flour.---Sour,
$6 to $6 25c. ; superfine, No. 2, $6 50c. to $6
62ic. ; ordinary to favourite State, $6 871 c. to
$7 50c. ; common to good Ohio, $6 871 c. to $7
25c. ; fancy to extra Ohio and Genessee, $7 to $7
50c.: Canadian in bond, $7 to $7 121 c. ; Balti-
more mixed and Georgetown, $7 to $7 25c. ; fancy
and extra ditto, $7 121 c. to $7 50e. ; Richmond
City, Haxall, and Gallego, $9 75c. to $lO ; rye
flour $4 50c. to $4 621 c. ; corn meal, $4 25c. to
$4 50c. Wheat.-Ohio red and mixed wheat,
140 c. to 150 c. ; Ohio white ditto, 151 c. to 152 c. ;
Michigan white ditto, 153 c. to 156 c. ; Genessee
white ditto, 158 c. to 160 c. ; Canadian in bond,
150 c. to 154 c. ; Southern white, 149 c. to 151 c. ;
rye, per 56 barrels, 91c. to 92c. ; oats, State and
Western, 49c. to 51c. ; Indian corn, Western
mixed, 82c. to 84c. ; ditto, Southern white and
yellow, 85c. to 87c. ; ditto, Northern round, 85c.
to 86c. 150 tons of Scotch pig iron had been sold
at $35 to $36 per ton, usual credit. Freights to
Liverpool :-Cotton, square bales, d. per lb. ;
flour, 4s. per barrel ; rosin, 4s. ; heavy goods,
495. per ton ; grain in bulk, 14s. per bushel. To
London.-Tobacco, 50s. to 60s. per hhd. ; flour,
4s. 9d. to ss. per barrel ; turpentine ss. to Cs. per
2801 b. ; measurement goods, 30s. to 355. per ton ;
heavy goods, oil, ac., 50s. to 60s. ; beef, Cs. 6d.
per tierce ; oilcake, ss. 6d. per barrel ; grain, ls.
4d. to is. 6d. per bushel. To Havre.-Cotton,
square bales, ic. per lb. ; ashes, $9 to $lO per ton ;
rice, $lO ; measurement goods, $8 to $lO ; whale-
bone, lc. per lb. ; flour, 85c. per barrel ; grain,
23c. to 24c. per bushel.

Contributions are earnestly solicited for the Special
Building Fund from those who are interested in church
arrangement, the applications for assistance being very
numerous.

WILBRAHAM EGERTON, 1
Secretaries.
FREDERICK LYGON,
MAGDALEN COLLEGE.

The Rev. Alfred Pott, M.A., of this college, vicar of
Cuddesdon, is to be the first Principal of the new Dio-
cesan Theological College at that village. The institu-
tion will be opened for students early next year. The
accommodation is limited. Immediate application should
be made to those desirous of entering to the Rev, the
Vicar, Cuddesdon, Wheatley.

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