The Sun.
London, England, 1854-10-27 00:00:00

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THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY /BINNING, OCTOBER 11154

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NEWMARKET RACES.

Polar Sea.* Where arc the facts? A general assertion is very
acceptable to mankind in general, for life is too short for all
to be equally attentive to one subject. But seven out of the
ten Polar Sea Expeditions have failed since you entered upon
this field of research in 1815, and the Admiralty, the newspa-
pers inform us, after having solicited the Royal (not the Royal
Geographical) Society for their opinion (sad mockery), are now
urging Government to send the eleventh; a few facts then will
be apropos. They are, however, decidedly against you.
Sir Edward Parry, who discovered the Fury and Heels
Strait, and it has not been visited since his time, has dis-
tinctly stated that there is uo current in the Fury and Hecla
Strait. Sir John Ross has published an Esquimaux Chart of
North Somerset, wherein it is shown to be a peninsula. That
you will say rests upon Indian information ; it does, and so
did the existence of the Polar Sea, the Fury and Hecla Strait,
.the Isthmus of Boothia and Melville Peninsular. And who
doubts the accuracy of these Polar fishermen in theserespects ?
Ou the contrary, their geographical knowledge is the admira-
tion of the world. Are you then justified iu doubting them
in this solitary instance ? The same woman—women are the
geographers at the Pole—who figured that extraordinary
isthmus, the Isthmus of Boothia, figured that laud over which
you are attempting to threw a doubt. When I contended this
point in 1836, you referred to Sir• George Back's decided
opiniont of the termination of the eastern boundary of
the Great Fish River Estuary at Cape Ilay, in which belief
the gallant commander, to do honour to the Earl of Ripon,
the chief promoter of the expedition, named au island, lying
off the Cape, Ripon Island. Alas! Cape Nay has now lost
its importance, and Ripon Island is no more. His lordship
has no resting place at the pole. Cape Britannia occupies
the place of Ripon Island, and you are thus informed by that
great traveller Simpson, whose death all deplore, that I was
right,-.1.- and that Sir George Back was wrong. Sir John Ross
was more careful of his patron, ex-sheriff Sir Felix Booth.
He gave him six chances; 1, Boothia Felix; 2, Gulf of
Boothia ; 3, Isthmus of Boothia ; 4, Boothians; 5, Felix Har-
bour ; 6, Sheriff's Harbour.
There is yet another important point which Simpson
decided in my favour, which I mention as serving to put a
value upon the conjectures I have ventured. The Great
Bay discovered by SiMpson in 1839 was supposed by me
to exist in 1836,§ and which induced me to be so sanguine
of success as to volunteer to the Secretary of State for the
Colonies for the time being, year after year, to conduct an
expedition such as Simpson undertook and successfully carried
out ; for if several jutting points of land had occupied the
space of that bay, not one season, but several seasons, would
have been required for its survey.
A few words in conclusion regarding the Northern Strait.

(THIS DAY.)

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)
SELLING HANDICAP.

Orson

Jessamine

Two ran.
HANDICAP T.Y.C.

Orinoco

Henrietta

Twelve ran.

MATCH.
Hospodar beat Orestes.

MATCH.

Refraction colt beat Weathercock.

SWEEPSTAKES OF 10 SOPS.

Usurer..

Cimicisaa .

Eight ran.

SWEEPSTAKES OF 10 SOVS
Michaelmas Maid
Vaultress

Nine ran.

SWEEPSTAKES OF 10 SOVS.

Pyrrhia
Rosaline

Six ran.

NURSERY STAKES.

Lady Tatton •
Laura Selina
Moonbeam colt

Sixteen ran.

CRIMINAL COURT-(THIS DAY.)

OLD COURT.

It is well known that the current setting down Baffin Bay
brings drift wood with it, and it is equally well known that no
drift wood passes through the Fury and Hecla, Hudson, and
Barrow Straits. The presumptive evidence is very convinc-
ing to my mind that a large portion of the wood which is
drifted down the Mackenzie River is carried out to sea, and,
catching the western termination et the oceanic group I have
mentioned, is rolled onwards by the Polar current until it
' finds its exit, losing in quantity as it travels, in Baffin Bay by
Jones Sound. Additionally, the Esquimaux of Hudson
Strait and of the Mackenzie River are, in manners and cus-
toms, alike; II the intermediate tribes altogether different.
The Ethnologist will infer, that had the natives of Hudson
Strait found their way from Mackenzie River along the coast
of North America, they would have lost, in the years that must
have been spent in this migration, and in the intermarriages that
must have taken place, somewhat in manners and customs,
and that consequently they had folio wed another route, and the
most likely route is that of the drift wood. I cannot but believe
that many, very many, members of the Esquimaux family
remain to be discovered, and that they will be found lining
the shores of the supposed Northern Strait.
Now let me not be misunderstood. Although lam con-
tending for a Polar Land journey, I am by no means desirous
of putting a stop to the Polar Sea Expedition, which it appears
Government has under its consideration. Let them sail and
prosper if they can ; I only wish to point out what seems to
me, after mature study, to be the right path. lam no econo-
mist, but if thousands of pounds are to be spent let us have
a good investment; and the only safe investment in my opinion
is in a Polar Land journey. In a third letter I shall submit
a plan for the discovery of the North-West Passage, or rather
North-West Passages, by a Polar Land journey. It is a
source of deep regret that I am obliged thus publicly to
address you, but it is my only hope of obtaining a hear-
ing, seeing that since 1836 I have incessantly been labour-
ing in vain for a quiet one. I am the better able to do
this now than formerly, because the reflection can no longer
be cast upon me " that it is from interested motives, and
not from a love of science."—l have the honour to be, sir,
your obedient servant, RICHARD KtNe.
17, Savile-row, Jau. 8, 1845.
To Sir John Barrow, Bart.,
Secretary to the Admiralty.
Sir,—ln submitting a plan for the exploration of the north-
ern coast of North America and the islands adjacent, I
scarcely know where to begin, for if I consider the explorers
at once at their starting point in the heart of the country I
shall have Sir J. Franklin, as in 1836, calling it " ineagre,"a
and if I minutely describe the inward route I shall merit the
charge of making a long story. Conciseness in conducting a
Polar Journey, and in reporting it, is so essential to the tra-
veler that I prefer to come under Sir John Franklin's lash;
and, by anticipation, refer him to his own narrative as a guide
book, or to that of Sir Alexander Mackenzie from which he
obtained his material.

(Before the Recorder.)

Mr. John Qore, the extensive metropolitan contractor
for the removal of dust, ashes, &c., surrendered to take
his trial for a nuisance.

Mr. Ryland and Mr. Locke conducted the prosecu-
tion, which was instituted by the corporation of the city
of London. Mr. Clarkson and Mr. Ballantine appeared
for the defendant. _ _

After some discussion between the Court and the
learned counsel, it was arranged that the defendant
should plead guilty upon the understanding that he
should not be called up for judgment if the business was
carried on in future in such a manner as should satisfy
the officers of the Board of Trade, and so as to prevent
it as far as possible from being any nuisance to the

public.
Mary Anne Anstey, 39, a respectable-looking woman,
was indicted for the manslaughter of a child named
Charles Wall.

Mr. Gifford prosecuted, and Mr. Rebton was counsel
for the prisoner. •
It appears that the child in question was illegitimate,
and it bad been placed in the charge of a woman named
Tucker to nurse. Oa the afternoon of the 29th Sep-
tember, the prisoner went to the lodging of Tucker
and made inquiry of her respecting her husband,
with whom it appeared she suspected that Tucker
was improperly convected. Tucker told the pri-
soner that she knew nothing of her husband,
and the latter, who was is a very great passion,
having made use of some bad language, made a
blow at the woman Tucker. She had the child in her
arms at the time, and it appeared that the blow missed
the woman and the child received it on the side. A
surgeon's assistant was called in the next day, and he
treated the injury as one of a trifling character, and
ordered an embrocation to be rubbed in. On the Mon-
day following severe inflammation set in, which resulted
iu erysipelas, and the child died on the 7th October, the
erysipelas being the proximate cause of death. It ap-
peared that the original injury was very slight, and by
no means likely to cause death, and there appeared to
be some doubt whether the erysipelas had not been the
result of the embrocation.

I propose, then, that a party of two officers—one being of
the medical profession—a boat carpenter, and 13 men fully
equipped for the service, should leave Montreal, in Canada,
sufficiently early to reach the Athabasca Like in July. Here
half the baggage shoUld be left, and the boat carpenter and
two men should remain, in order to build a boat 28 feet long,
an occupation of three weeks. The explorers should then pro-
ceed to tho head waters of the Fish River to fix upon an eligi-
ble position to winter, and the inner man as well as the outer
man should be taken into consideration. The route to the Fish
River from the Athabasca Lake is well known to the Indians
and fur traders, and is minutely desribed in " King's Narra-
tive of the Expedition in search of Sir J. Ross." The winter esta-
blishment fixed, 1 officer and. 5 men, with au Indian guide, should
return to the Athabasca Lake, and, having despatched the
boat carpenter with the Indian guide and the two men to
the Fish River party, there to build a second boat, proceed in

The Jury returned a verdict of "Not guilty."

4ABKET NE WS--(THIS DAY.)

CORN EXCHANGE.

Very moderate supplies of English wheat have been re-
ceived up to our market this week coastwise and by larul
carriage. The show of samples here to-day was small, and
a good clearance was effected at prices rather over those
obtained on Monday.
The amount of business done in foreign wheat was com-
paratively small ; but we had few sellers of any kind Ac-
cept at a further improvement in value of from is to 2s
per quarter.
The barley trade was firm, and fine parcels were is per
quarter dearer.
There was a good sale for malt, the value of which had
an upward tendency.
Oats moved off steadily at from 6d to is per quarter
more money. Beans, peas. and flour changed hands at
fully the late advance.
♦RRIVALS TIIIS WREN.
Wheat. I Barley. Malt.
1,720 ( 3,180 860
2,190

tb. nowipbuiltboat via the Slav° Ault Braclionzießivers to
Great Bear Lake, the wiuteriug post, of two of the oTerland
journeys.

The parties, which, for convenience, it will be as well to
call the eastern and western party, having securely housed
themselves, should at once adapt their means to their ends,
in getting through the winter and providing for the future,
for which purpose I refer them to the guide-books mentioned;
but as the authors saw things differently, and met, in con-
sequence, with feasting or famine, success or failure, the
exercise of some judgment will be required in the reference.
To collect and hoard provision, and to pave the way to the
Polar Sea so as-to be on its shores as early as the navigation
will p rmit, and to observe all and everything in the vastfield
before them, are the main features of au Arctic winter with a
land party. With a sea party, such as the Admiralty have
proposed, the time will bo spent in acting plays and other
merry-andrew tricks that the officers may make a bock out
of the sterility around them.
The western party will be further occupied in transporting,
as the traveller Simpson, their boat to the Copparmine River,
and the eastern party their boat to the Great Fish River.
.As soon as these rivers are open the parties must be in
progress, the one for Cape Britannia, or Ripon Island as it
was once called, and the other for Victoria Land ; the one to
ascertain the connection of tho mainland with that of North
Somerset, or with Melville Peninsula, and, if the former, the
Character of its western shore ; and the other to trace Victoria
Laud westerly with the view of testing its value relatively to
the North-West Passage.

Oats. I Flour.
430 i 670
4,320
3,28 J 3,3303k3

English ..
Irish •• ••
Foreign ..

SMITHFIELD.
To-day's market was but moderately supplied with
beasts iu very middling condition. Prime breeds moved
off steadily at full prices; otherwise the beef trade was
heavy, and the quotations had a downward tendency.
Although the supply of sheep was rather limited, the sale
for that description of stock was in a sluggish state at
barely Monday's currency. The inquiry for calves was
rather inactive, on former terms. The pork trade was to•
lerably firm. In prices no change took place.
Mulch cows moved off heavily at from 141. to 191. 103
each, including their small calf.
Per Sibs to sink the offals.
s. d. s. d.
Inferior Beasts.... 3 oto 3 4
Second quality.... 3 6 310
Prime large oxen 4 0 4 8
Prhne Scots, &c. 410 5 0
Inferior Sheep ...3 2 3
4econd quality ...3 6 3 8,
Prime crse.-wlled.3 10 4 4

s. d.
Prime Southdowy 4 6 410
Large crso. calves 3 4 4 0
Prime small do._ 4 2 4 8
Large hogs 3 2 4 4
!Small porkers 4 6 5 0
Sucklingcalves ..22 0 29 0
tQuarter old pigs 21 0 28 0

If I am rightly inf7,rmed, the Hudson Bay Company have
already despatched Mr Ray, a surgeon, on an overland journey,
for the purpose of making the survey which I propose fur the
eastern party. This is an interesting fact, if true, but it by
no means sets aside the necessity for a polar land journey, for
if, Gn the arrival of the explorers at the Athabasca, it should
be found that Mr. Rae has beon wholly successful, then,
instead of one, two boats should be buit there, and the parties,
instead of separating, should winter together at Great Bear
Lake, and, on reaching Victoria Land, turn the prows of their
boats cast and west, so as to double the power employed in
solvinr, the great problem in that direction. To enter further
into detail is unnecessary until the service is determined
upon, but in order that my ability to supply the minutest
detail may not be questioned I take leave to state that I led
the mission in search of Sir John Ross not only into but out
of the country.
In Queen Elizabeth's time the North-West Passage pro-
blem was considered of sufficient importance to demand the
attention of commissioners expressly appointed. If Queen
Victoria will follow the steps of Queen Elizabeth I will
undertake to prove the practicability of the plan here pro-
posed, and the impracticability of the plan proposed by the
Admiralty. The first report that reached England of the
laSt of the Polar Sea Expeditious led the Admiralty "to
augur favourably of its success." I augured differently, and
published my anticipations. It was subsequently designated
the " 111-starred voyage in the Terror."
It has been considered essential to have the cordial co-
operation of the Hudson's Bay Company in all overland
journeys. Ido not know whether the Admiralty have con-
sulted the Royal Society upon this point, but I am prepared
to prove that if the commander of au overland journey, such
as I propose, should entirely depend upon the co-operation of
the company he is wholly unfit for the command. It may even
be thought satisTactory to find the Hudson's B.ty Company at
last endeavouring to fulfil the engagement they entered into
in obtaining'their b charter as a Fur Company, that of prose-
cuting by all possible means the North-West Passage ; but
effectually as they have hitherto closed their country to the
man of science it cannot last much longer. Geographical
science is surely not all that requires furthering in North
America. We have to thank the Admiralty and the Hud-
son's Bay Company for a state of ignorance regarding that
country, which, in comparison with what has been learned of
Northern Asia by Russia, places us nationally in a most dis-
advantageous light. --I have the honour to be, sir, your faith-
ful servant, RICHARD Knee.
17, Savile-row, Jan, 31, 1815.
To Sir John Barrow, Bart.

TOTAL SUPPLT.

Beasts .. —•• .... ...... .. 1,130
Sheep .• • • • .. •• ........ 5,264
Pigs •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •••• 480

NEWGATE AND
The general demand was in
Per Sibs by 1

s. d. s. d.
Beef, inferior 3 0 3 2
Do., middling 3 4 3 8
Do., prime largo 3 10 4 0
Do., do. small 2 4 6
Pork, large 3 4 4 2