The Sun.
London, England, 1854-05-24 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 24, 1854.

ENGLAND EXPECTS EVERY MAN TO DO 'HIS DUTY.
" THE VICTORY," with the body of NELSON
ON BOARD, towed into Gibraltar Seven Days after Tra-
falgar. The celebrated Picture by C.arkson Stanfield, Esq., R.A.,
paintel for S. Ni. Peto, Esq. Oa VIEW daily, at the GALLERY of
ART, 23, CoAspur-street, Charing-cross. Admiossion on presenta-
tion of address Cards.
23, Cocks,:ur-street.

SEBASTOPOL, from Drawings in the possession
of tee Admiralty, taken on the Spot, by Lieut. 0 REILLY, of
11.M.5. Retribution, on the occasion of the remarkable visit paid by
that ship to Sebastopol —PAUL and DOMINIC COLNAGIII and
CO , 13 and 14, Pall-mall East, publishers to her Majesty, beg to
announce that in the course of a tew days they will. Publi.h a
LITIIOGR XVII, from the above drawings, of the TOWN and FOR-
T IFICATION74 of SEBASIOPOL. The plate will be of the impor-
tant size of Mr. Dolby's View of Kronstadt. Price 7s. 6d.

KR ONS T AD T.—Au Authentic VIEW of
KRONSTA DT and the Surrounding Fortifications has Bus day
been published by Paul, Dominic Colnaghi and Co., t 3 and 14, Pall-
Mall East, Publishers co her Majesty, from a drawing executed about
ten days since in the Baltic, by Mr. E. T. Dolby. Mr. Dolby is now
e,gaged in the Baltic in depicting the subjects and circumstances of
Interest c ,nnected with the war. Size of the drawing, 32 by 15 inches.
Price Cs in double tinted lithography.

THE W.R.

NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE.
Yesterday advices were received at the Admiralty,
under date Elsinore, May 17, that another Russian Fm-
land barque, ealled the Primus, had been captured in
the Baltic by her Majesty's cruisers, and sent home a
prize to England.
The Russian barque Arno, of about 400 tons, which
was captured off Queenstown a few days ago by one of
her Majesty's cruisers, arrived in the Mersey shortly
before 7 o'clock on Monday evening, in tow of the steam-
tug Athens, and anchored in the Sloyne. She is accom-
panied by a revenue cutter.
Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Cochrane, K.C.8., Com-
mander-in-Chief at Portsmouth, hoisted his flag in the
steam yacht Fire Queen, Master Commander Paul, and
went to Osborne yesterday morning to pay his respects
to the Queen.
The Royal yacht Victoria and Albert, Captain the
Hon. Joseph Denman, will be undocked and refitted on
the 2d proximo.
The Sealark, 8, Lieutenant Fenwick, manned by naval
apprentices, sailed out of Portsmouth harbour yesterday
evening for a cruise.
Captain Charles Smith (1841) is selected by Vice-
Admiral the Hon. William Gordon, the newly appointed
Commander in-Chief at Sheerness, as bis flag captain,
and has received his appointment to the Waterloo. The
commandership is offered to Edmund H. Gunnell. The
flag-lieutenant is not yet nominated. Mr. Alexander
Kent, who was lately secretary to Sir John Ommanney
at Devonport, is the secretary to the Hon. William
Gordon.
Orders have been received at Plymouth to supply the
screw steam-ship Algiers, 91, with stores and provisions
immediately. Several victualling hoys are alongside,
and it is expected that she will be ready to go out of Ply-
mouth harbour by the 30th of May.
The Pylades, 20, new screw steam-corvette, now
building at Sheerness, on improved lines from the High-
flyer, with extension of length and beam, has now 10
gangs of shipwrights at work on her, in order to hasten
her completion, so that she may be ready for being
launched in the early part of August next. This ship
will carry her guns on her upper deck, flush fore and aft.
She will have the heaviest battery carried by any vessel
of her class in the navy ; and, in addition to her arma-
ment of 20 guns of large calibre, she will carry a 10-inch
long pivot gun for shot or shell with traversing slides, to
be worked at her bow or stern as occasion may require.
The hull is constructed on a new principle, adding con-
siderably to her strength, and keeping her sheer. The
entire square and cant bodies fore and aft are secured
together by diagonal iron plates, with one timber in each
frame secured by a through bolt and clinched, and the
intermediate timbers are secured by an efficient screw-
bolt in each. This is being done to meet the immense
weight of metal she is to carry fore and aft. There is no
doubt she will be ready for launching at the time ap-
pointed, and she is to be fitted for active service imme-
diately she can be brought forward for the pendant.
The Tribune, 31, screwsteam-frigate, Captain the Hon.
S. T. Carnegie, slipped from her moorings on Monday ;
at 7.45 p.m. she proceeded out of harbour, anchored be-
tween the Nore and the Mouse, and got under weigh at
tidetime yesterday morning for Spithead.
The Prometheus has left the Mersey for Devonport,
where she is to await further orders.
The sea-going bower anchors for the Royal Albert
have arrived at Sheerness from Woolwich. The best
bower anchor is on Lieut. Roger's improved patent, and
weighs 100 cwt. 3qrs. 51b. ; the stock 31cwt. 71b. ; mak-
ing a total weight of 131 cwt. 3qrs. 121 b. It is manu-
factured by Messrs. Fox, Henderson, and Co. The
second bower anchor is one of the Admiralty anchors,
improved as proposed by the anchor committee, who
superintended the trial of anchors at Sheerness. The
anchor referred to is made in every respect similar to the
late Admiralty anchor, with the addition of' the pea points
on the palms being chisel-pointed, or bezelling back from
the front side of the palms. This anchor weighs 103
cwt. ; wood stock, with hoops and bolts complete, weighs
24 cwt. ; making a total of 127 cwt. The anchor is
manufactured by Messrs. Brown,•Lenox, and Co. The
Royal Albert, although nominally rated at 500-horse
power, will be capable of working up to 1,700-horse
power when working expansively on her gear.
In consequence of an additional number of supernu-
meraries having been sent on board the Resistance for
passage to the Baltic, extra provisions, beds, &c., have
been put on board. Her mails were made up at the
post-office, Sheerness, last night, and she will leave early
this morning.
The following notices were posted at Sheerness yes-
terday by an Admiralty order :
" Letters for the Baltic fleet will be despatched by
her Majesty's steam-vessel Otter on the 25th inst."
" Letters for seamen, marines, and boys serving in
the Baltic will be forwarded by this opportunity, if
posted in time, and marked ' By her Majesty's steam-
vessel Otter.' The postage of one penny must be paid
on the letter at the time of posting it, and further notice
is hereby given that letters for seamen, marines, and
boys serving in the Baltic fleet, on which one penny has
been paid, may be put into the post-office, and will be
forwarded to the Baltic on every opportunity that may

occur."
Captain Sherringham, R.N., has been as successful in
the enrolment of seafaring men for the naval coast volun-
teers in the district assigned to him as could have been
expected. The gallant captain has already enrolled up-
wards of 400, and he has many places yet to visit. In
many of the ports of Devonshire he has been very suc-
cessful. In Plymouth he enrolled 40 licensed watermen,
respectable and well-qualified men. At Gosport he en-
rolled upwards of 60 of this respectable class of seamen.
At Appledore, in the north of Devon, a few days ago
upwards 9f 20 boatmen, &c., came forward to have
their names enrolled. During the last few days the
gallant captain has visited Topsham and Exeter. In
the former place, although a small port, he succeeded as
well as he could desire, and in Exeter he enrolled seve-
ral men. Some of the seafaring men in different ports
have a notion that the object of forming this force is to
enrol men with a view to their being draughted into the
regular service when sailors are needed. This, however,
is not the case. The coast volunteers are intended for
the protection of our shores in case of invasion, and are
in a naval point of view what the militia are to the
military force of the kingdom, only to be called out for
service in case of actual danger to the country.
Yesterday evening a party of volunteer seamen was
despatched from Liverpool to London, to be draughted
into the Royal navy.
The following appointments have been made :—Capt.
Wm. J. C. Clifford (1847), to command the Sphinx,
paddle-wheel steam-sloop, of 500-horse power, commis-
sioned yesterday at Portsmouth.
Paymaster—George H. Moubray (1841), from the
Sanspareil, 70, screw steam-ship, to be additional Pay-
master of the Britannia, 120, flag-ship of Vice-Admiral
Dundas, Commander-in-Chief of the fleet in the Black
Sea.
Second-Master—Richard C. Dyer (1848), from the
Impregnable flag-ship at Devonport, to the Zephyr
steam-vessel.
Master's-Assistant—J. W. Allen, to the Powerful, 84,
at Portsmouth.
Clerk—Charles Fisher (1850), to the Hornet, 17, screw
steam-sloop at Woolwich.
Clerk's-Assistant—Jonathan Mayne, to the Duke of
Wellington, 131, screw-steam flag-ship in the Baltic.
The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Com-
pany's steamer Himalaya did not leave Southampton on
Monday night, having been detained at anchor in the
stream till noon yesterday, to take on board 20 artillery
horses, with a corresponding number of men sent from
London to embark by her, under the command of Lieu-
tenant Nicholls. The horses were conveyed alongside
in a small steam tender, out of which they were hoisted
in horse-boxes to the deck. Among the passengers by
the Himalaya to Queenstown are Lord George Lennox,
Mr. Murdoch, One of her Majesty's Emigration Com-
missioners (who is proceeding there to establish an emi-
gration depot), Capt. Englehe, the superintendent of
the company ; Capt. Crispin, Royal Navy ; Mr. Aylen,
master of the Victoria and Albert ; and Mr. Partridge,
engineer, from Woolwich. The three latter gentlemen
will go on to Malta, in order to decide whether the screw
propeller or paddlewheel is best adapted for her Majesty's
new steam yacht.
One bombardier and six gunners of the Royal Marine
Artillery from Portsmouth have embarked at Woolwich
Dockyard for service in the Hornet.
Three non-commissioned officers and 25 gunners of
No. 2 company of the 12th battalion of Royal Artillery
left Woolwich garrison at 4 o'clock a.m. yesterday, with
30 horses, to proceed to Southampton by railway, where
the horses will be embarked for conveyance to the East.
The route arrived yesterday morning at Windsor for
the removal of the depot of the 97th to Bristol. The
companies, numbering something over 100 strong, will
march on Thursday morning, under the command of
Captain Richard Sibthorp, and proceed by the Great
Western Railway to their destination.
Yesterday afternoon the 46th were inspected in the
Home-park, Windsor, by Colonel Garratt, their gallant
commander. The men were in heavy marching order,
and went through their movements admirably.
A third detachment of the Ist Royal Dragoons arrived
at Liverpool from the Hulme barracks yesterday. and
immediately embarked on board the transport-ship Coro-
nella. She will proceed to-day for Malta. The troop.
ships William Jackson, Deva, and Palmyra, will also
leave the Mersey to-day or to-morrow for Dublin, to
take on board the 4th Dragoons for the East.
The depot of the Bth (Royal Irish) Hussars arrived at
the North-wall, Dublin, on Monday morning, en route
for Newbridge, there to be stationed. The depot con-
sists of 63 men and 67 horses, with officers and sergeants,
under the command of Captain Naylor. Lord Killeen
is expected to join in a few days, when he will take the

command.
Captain Adye's company of the Royal Artillery left
Dublin on Saturday last, the 20th inst., by railway, via
Armagh, for Charlemont, to relieve aptain Oldfield's
oompiny, ordered to embark at Belfast for Fleetwood,
and thence to Woolwich.
The whole of the service troops of the 4th (Royal
Irish) Dragoon Guards have arrived in Dublin from
Newbridge, preparatory to embarking at Kingstown for
the East. The Maori transport arrived in Kingstown
on Sundayfrom Deptford, to receive on board a division
of flails regiment ; and the transports &mall and Sir

•
I •

Robert Sale, from Deptford, and the Deva, William
Jackson, and Palmyra, from Liverpool, will arrive at
Kingstown in the course of the present week for the
same purpose.
A cavalry depot is to be formed at Newbridge, to con-
sist of the depots of the three cavalry regiments embark-
ing from Ireland for Turkey—namely the 4th and sth
Dragoon Guards and 11th Hussars, and of the depot of
the Bth (Royal Irish) Hussars.
The 27th (Enniskillen) Regiment, now in Dublin, will
embark at Cork for India about the latter end of June.
Six ships have been taken up for its conveyance by the
Court of Directors of the East India Company.
The Provost, Fellows, and Professors of Trinity Col-
lege, Dublin, have forwarded to Messrs. Arnut and Bo-
rough, army agents, the sum of 1081. Bs. 6d. for the
support of the wives and children of the soldiers on war
service in Turkey.

THE MILITIA AND YEOMANRY.
The official inspection of the regiment of Essex (West)
Yeomanry Cavalry has been fixed to take place on
Wednesday, August 7, by a field officer of the regular
cavalry, to be named by the Secretary at War. The
corps will muster at Oxney-green, near Writtle, on
Monday, July 31, for eight days' drill, and the exercise
ground will be either at Great Baddow-mead or Hylands-
park. They will be marched into Chelmsford on the
day appointed for inspection.
The Queen's Own Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry
are to be mustered for review to-morrow at Sherborne,
Dorsetshire.

The Royal Dorset Regiment of Militia are progres-
sing rapidly in their military exercise at Dorchester, the
improvement they have made up to the present time
being very marked and highly satisfactory. It is un-
derstood that the commanding officer, Colonel Bingham,
has, during the past week, received intimation that the
regiment is to be kept out on permanent duty beyond
the 28 days for which they were first assembled. Their
conduct since they have been at Dorchester has called
forth general approbation from the inhabitants.
The Derbyshire Militia, under the command of Col.
Lord Waterpark, M.P., have passed through half the
term of their training at Derby, and acquitted them-
selves very creditably.
The South Lincolnshire Militia, commanded by Col.
Sibthorp, have been in training at Grantham eight days
of their annual term. The men have received well.
earned praise for their discipline:

POSITION AND PROSPECTS OF POLAND.

It might be supposed that at such a moment as
the present, when a long night of darkness for
poor Poland seems about to be succeeded by the
dawn of a happy day, all who profess themselves
the friends of that country would seek, above all
things, to cultivate the closest and most cordial
union with each other. But such, unfortunately,
is not the fact. There is a section of the Poles
holding ultra-political views, who have placed
themselves under the guidance of one of the most
violent and inj adicious men in the country. These
persons call themselves the " revolutionary party,"
and denounce the party headed by Prince Czar-
toryski,—a man of the most exalted patriotism,
and also distinguished for the soundness of his
judgment. The following is the reply to the ma-
nifesto of the revolutionary Polish party :

REPLY TO MR. LINTON'S PAMPHLET, "HELP NOR POLAND."
To attempt to strengthen amidst the English nation
the sympathy for oppressed Poland would be a super-
fluous task; for all classes, high and low, know her suf-
ferings and recognise her claims. The real unsettled
question is, How and by what medium can there be
given proper help to Poland to enable her to regain her
own independence f And on that point the author of
the above pamphlet has gone very wrongly to work, in
trying, at so important a moment as the present, to stir
up the party feelings of both the English and the Poles,
and to make the object of his no doubt sincere intentions
an apple of discord, and, in consequence, a less attrac-
tive subject among his own English countrymen, that
very nation from which Poland expects, and with right,
the strongest support at this decisive crisis. Mr. Lin-
ton points at the so-called Polish Central Democratic
Committee, and advises the people to confide the funds
collected for the Polish cause into the hands of that tri-
umvirate, finding it at the same time expedient to calum-
niate those of the Poles who do not share the eccentric
views of the said committee. I shall not now stop to
question the propriety of such an active meddling with
our unfortunate internal dissensions— of a meddling evi-
dently intended, not to bring them to a happy close,
but on the contrary to prolong their existence, and still
further to foment those unfortunate divisions at which
our enemies are heartily rejoicing.
But as Mr. Linton has thought it a prudent course to
bring our discords before the English public, he imposes
the duty upon others better acquainted with the real
state of those affairs, of which he himself has been
allowed to catch but a supercial and one-sided glance,
of telling him in return, publicly, the real state of the
case. Lsrievous as it may be for us to be forced by his
preposterous pamphlet to the sad exhibition of our dis-
union, still existing even on the eve of battles to be
fought against our common and implacable foe, and
to point out the faults of some among us, yet it is
our duty to tell him publicly, that his predilections
are with men who, although assuming boldly the
name of Poland's representatives, possess not the
least title to it, as neither the country nor
even that part of the Polish emigration that form the
so-called Polish Democratic Society had invested in them
any power whatever to act in their name. The most
eminent members, and with them the majority of the
exiles, stand now apart from that committee, because
they are convinced that the present is not a time for fos-
tering and upholding party contests, but a moment for
the union of all political shades under the banner of
Polish nationality.
The individuals styling themselves the Polish Central
Democratic Committee, as well as their opinions, bor-
rowed lately from the doctrines of the French Socialists,
are in striking contrast with the political faith of the
Polish democracy ; and as regards the country itself,
they exercise there no influence at all, not even as
much as Mr. Linton's English republic does in Eng-
land. Should, therefore, Mr. Linton's advice be
listened to, and some funds be confided to the said
committee, it would do no good to Poland. We would
not mind if those funds would serve but to cover
the debtor side of the last balance sheet of those
gentlemen ; but we are afraid of the evil and the
injury that may be done to the interests of our
country, if those political mongers, who aim at nothing
else but the promotion of their own crotchets, and this
to such an extent that they do not hesitate to persuade
their fellow-exiles, by word and writing, that it would
be far more desirable to leave our unfortunate country
in the claws of the Russian monster, and bleeding to
death, than to see her restored otherwise than as a
social republic, and to preach to them that it would be
a crime for the Poles to fight by the side of English and
French armies, because the first have a Queen and the
latter an Emperor—if those men were enabled to prose-
cute their criminal policy, which has found as yet but a
very trifling number of proselytes. England ought to
help Poland, because her vital interests are now closely
connected with the independence of that nation. And
that help Poland expects to receive, not from any party
or faction, but from the free, independent, and enlight-
ened English nation, at tile hands of her representative,
the English Government. Let all classes meet together and
raise their voice in favour of that down-trodden nation,
which defended for centuries long the Christian civilisa-
tion of the west against the encroachments of the bar-
barians, until she fell exhausted and deserted by those
whose interests she formerly defended. And if any funds
be collected, let them remain undisposed of until the
news arrives of the Poles gathering under their sacred
banner to march against the Russian despot. Such
news is soon to arrive, and the commanders of those
first Polish troops will be then the safest treasurers of
the brotherly aid of the English.
Poland soon will rise, because the proper moment is
already near at hand. She will not rise at the call of demo-
crats or aristocrats. She does not need any appeal. The
wrongs she suffers and the sense of rights she had been de-
spoiled of, keep her spirit constantly alive and watching,
and she will follow the lead but of those who, forgetting all
other secondary objects, are aiming only at restoring her to
her independence. And happily the number of those
true patriots is very great. It comprises all Poland's
sons, with the exception but of few individuals, some
ambitious men, among whom are Mr. Linton's political
friends. In conclusion, lam obliged to add that it is
quite untrue that we depend entirely and exclusively on
the aid of foreign Governments. But while endeavour-
ing to unite and bring into aotion all our national forces,
it will be at the same time our great care to obtain, by
a prudent policy, the friendship and assistance of the
English Government ; and in that respect we invite the
English nation to raise her voice in Poland's favour.
BROMSLAW WARENSICT.

HEALTH OF BERMUDA.—A. statement has appeared to
the effect that the yellow fever bad again broe out at
Bermuda, add that a fatal case occurred prior tko the sth
of April. The steamer Buzzard and the brig Daring left
that island on the 28th of April, at which time the island
was reported healthy. Private letters and local papers
to tha 24th of April have also been received, in neither
of which is mention made of the appearance of the yellow
fever.
OPENING OF A WOOLLEN MANUFACTORY AT AVOCH,
INVERNESS.—On Tuesday evening Mr. Mackenzie, of
Avoch, opened his new establishment (to be called, from
family associations, the "Geddes Mills") by a fete to the
workpeople and villagers who are to be employed in it,
of whom upwards of 200 were present, including the
naval volunteers of Avoch, who were distinguished by
knots of red ribbon on their breasts. Several of the
neighbouring families and friends of the laird counte-
nanced the occasion. The building in which the com-
pany were assembled is a large and imposing structure
of three stories, 105 feet long by 34 feet broad. As ex-
plained by Mr. Dobson, the ingenious and experienced
manager of the works, it is expected that, in the course
of another week, 600 spindles will be introduced and
set agoing in this large apartment—the others above
[
and below having had their machinery placed in them.
Daucing was kept up with great spirit for several hours.