The Sun.
London, England, 1853-06-23 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 23, 1853.

SUBMARINE AND EUROPEAN TELE-
(IRAPH COMPANIES.—DIRECT AND INSTANTANEOUS
COMMUNICATION WITTI BRUSSELS.—REDUCTION OF
TARIFFS.—Notice is hereb) given that the Submarine Teiegraph to
Relgiutn is now open to the public.: Dispatches will be transmitted
instantaneously to and from the offices of the Company, No. 30,
Cornhill, and Brussels, and thence to all parts of Northern Europe.
The Tariffs for Messages to Paris, and all other parts of the Conti-
neat, has also been further reduced.
By order of the Directors.
G. L. PARROTT, Secretary.
30, Cornhill, 20th June, 1853.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-REVIEW
at the DiILITA.RY CAMP on FRIDAY next, the 24th June.
—ln add tion to the Ordinary Trains at 7.40 a.m., 8.15 a.m., and
10.15 a.m., Special Trains will leave Paddington for Windsor at 8
a.m and 8.45 a.m. for the convenience of persons a tending the Re.
view.—Tickets for passengers, and also for car: lakes and horse., may
be obtained the previous day, at the Padding) on station, and at the
Company's office, 25, Regent-street (corner of Jennyn-street).

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
GREAT MILITARY CAMP.
Notice is hereby given, that the following Train, leave PAD-
DINGTON for ?YIN DhOR, from which Station welt-appointed
conveyances run to the Camp and back :-
Down trains from Paddington. 1 Up Trains from Windsor.
At 6.50 a.m. 2.45 p.m. At 8. 0 cm. 2.50 p.m.
7.40 ~ 3.30 „ 850 „ 4. 5 ~
*R.I6 „ 4. 0 „ 9.15 „ 5.30
_ IP
10.15 ~ 5. 0 „
*10.40 „ 5.30 „
11.30 ~ 6.15 „
12.40 p'm. 7. 0 „
1.30 „ 8.30 ~
2. 0 „ 8.55 „
• Open Carriages will be attached to these Trains.
ON SUNDAYS.
DOWN. UP.
I
8 0 a.m 2 0 p.m. 7 0 p.m. 11 9 0 a.m. 530 p.m. 915 p.m,
9 0 „ 3 0 „ 830 ~ il 40 p.m. 635 „ 10 0 „
100 „ 50 „ 855 „ II 345 „ 735 „ -
Fares-Paddington to Windsor and back-first class, 6s. 6d.;
second class, 4s. Gd. ; open carriages, 2s. 6d.
Omnibuses and carriages will be provided at Windsor by Mr.'
Thumwocd, to insure which previous application must be made.
Omnibus fares on review days .. • • .... •• • ....... •• •• ss.
Do. do. on other days.. ~. ......... ..... ..... 36.. , ,
Carr'age and pair of horses for six or seven persons ••• 21s.
Do. and single horse for four or five persons •• .. 15s.
Orders should be addre+sed to " Mr Thumwood, Windsor Station."
Return tickets for horses are issued from Paddington to Windsor
and back, at the following fares-single horse I Is. ; pair of horses,
17s. Sd.
Paddington, June 22, 1853.

„
10.10 „ 5.40 „
11.45 „ *7 25 „
12.20 p.m. 11.9. 0 „
1.30 „ 9.20 „
2.20 „

ROYAL EXCHANGE ASSURANCE
CORPORATION,
(Established by Royal Charter of his Majesty George 1., A.D. 1720),
For SEA, FIRE, and LIFE ASSURANCES.
OFFICES—ROYAL EXCHANGE, LONDON.
BRANCH OFFICE-29, PALL-MALL.
Octavius Wigram, Esq., Governor.
The Hon. J. T. Leslie Melville, dub-Governor.
George Pearkes Barclay, Esq., Deputy-Governor.
DIRECTORS.
Charles John Manning, Esq.
Henry Nelson, Esq.
Edward Howley Palmer, Esq.
Sir John Henry Telly, Bart.
Abraham George Robarts, Esq.
Charles Robinson, Esq.
Thomas Smith, Esq.
William Soltau, Esq.
Joseph Somes, Esq.
Thomas Tdoke, Esq.
William Wallace, Esq.
Charles Baring Young, Esq.
Esq., F.R.S., Consulting Surgeon,

Henry Bainbridge, Esq.
Edmond S. P. Calvert, Esq.
John Garrett Cattley, Esq.
Alexander Colvin, Esq.
Edward Maxwell Daniell, Esq.
William Davidson, Esq.
Riversdale Wm. Grenfell, Esq.
Robert Hanbury, Jan., Esq.
Robert Amadeus Heath, Esq.
William Tetlow Hibbert, Esq.
Lancelot Holland, Esq.
Sir John Wm. Lubbock, Bart.
MEDICAL REFEREE—SA=Id Solly,

St. Helen's-place.
Notice.—The usual fifteen days allowed for payment of Fire Pre-
miums failing due at Midsummer will expire on the 9th of July.
Life Assurance may be effected to the extent of Ten Thousand
Pounds on one Life ; with, or, at lower Premiums, without partici-
pation in profits.
The Reversionary BONUS on Participating Life Policies has
amounted on an average to 46 per Cent. on the amount of Premiums
paid.
Persons may serve in the Militia or Yeomanry without affecting
the vaddity of Policies on their Lives.
The Fees of medical referees are paid by the Corporation.
This Corporation has held a high position during upwards of a
Century and a Quarter, and affords unquestionable security by its
capital-stock.
Royal Exchange, London

ALEX. GREEN, Secretary.

NEW FEATURE IN LIFE ASSURANCE.

THE DEPOSIT and GENERAL LIFE
ASSURANCE COMPANY,

18, New Bridge-street, Blackfliars, London.
CAPITAL—ONC HUNDRED THOUSAND POUNDS.
TRUSTEES.

The Right Honourable the Lord Viscount Drumlanrig, M.P., P.C.
Comptroller of her Majesty's Household.
Sir Charles Price, Bart., 3. King William-street, London.
Lieut.-General Sir W. It. Clayton. Bart, Gloucester-place, Portman•
square, and Marden-park, Surrey.

ON THE DEPOSIT SYSTEM.
Ifun able to pay, or not
desirous of paying or
omitting topay,tbePo-
licy would still remain
of its suit. value,
522/.25.7d.ti1l death, if
20 years after, no fur-
ther payment beingre-
quired. Ifhowever the
party, from any cause,
wished to cancel the
Policy, he could not
onlydraw out all hehas
put In, viz., 2251., but
20 71.10 s Od 22b/. 622/.2e7d 2871. 25. 9d. a certain bonus of 621.
2s. 9d. in the bargain,
which is more
than one-fourth of the
whole ofhis payments,
or he could either draw
out a part, 201. or 501.,
diminishing the Policy
only by the assured
value of the sum se
drawn out at the age
when withdrawn. See
pagess and7in detailed
pamphlet, by
F. G. P. Nelson, Esq.

On comparison of these two tables it will be seen that a person
under the novel system of DEPOSIT assurance can secure the follow-
ing advantages, viz., ) st. For a less sum, paid annually, he can assure
a larger sum in case of death than under the ordinary system.
idly. In the event of a desire to surrender his Policy he can receive
in this Company, by the above example, which applies to all ages,
THREE times as much as on the ordinary system. 3rdly. In the event
of inability or omission to pay, his policy remains still his property,
of the same value as it was, though ho cease his current payments
for any number of years; whereas on the ordinary system, he gets
nothing. 4thly. Should he require to increase or decrease the
amount of his policy, he can do so at pleasure. He can at any time,
by giving a fortnight's notice, withdraw any part from 11. up to the
whole amount of his previous payments and with interest. After be
has withdrawn part one year ho can, by a single payment, three
years, or any time afterwards, raise his policy to a greater or even
Its former amount ; and by this system he can at all times regulate
his annual savings by his annual expenditure, with the facility in the
bargain of having a fluld to fly to in Case of necessity, the same as
in a bank, with this palpable advantage, however, that he gets Inte-
rest fur his money, and in case of death his family receive more than
the amount of his savings. In ordinary Life Offices he can do no
such thing, but his policy at enco lapses or is cancelled the moment
he ceases to pay his current premiums, and, instead of having any
fttnd to fly to for aid, all his hail-earned savings become forfeited to
the society, and his misfortunes servo to benefit the pockets of his
more fortunate co-assurers.
Such a system is too equitable and too striking to be overlooked
and DEPOSIT assurance is the only system of assurance which can be
universally recognised and adopted when the principles are impar-
tially canvassed, and its palpable benefits become widely diffused. It
confers greater advantages than a bank because it allows a fair rate
of interest in case of withdrawal, and gives twice the amount in the
hands of the Company to the representatives of the Depositor i n
case of death, thus combining the
striking.
ADVANTAGES OF A BANK WITH THE BENEFITS OF
ANASSURANCEng.
system are still more ikl
COMPANY.
In case of endowment assurances the advantages of the DEPOS!
ADVANTAGES OF THIS COMPANY UNDER TIIE ORDINARY
LIFE ASSURANCE BRANCH.
To those who prefer this branch Policies are granted from 201. to
5,0001. on every known principle thereof.
Lives in all but the worst stages of disease, and such as have been
rejected by other Offices, are taken at rates equivalent to the parti-
cular disease.
.

Loans from 501. and upwards granted on every kind of security,
real or personal, on the most equitable terms to the borrower
Annuities of every description granted on very favourable terms.
Non-forfeiture of a Policy.—ln case of inability to pay the currant
premiums, the Directors will eitner purchase the Policy at a fair
market value, or give a new one in lieu thereof, less 5 per cent., inte-
rest corresponding in amount to the whole of the previous payments
which have been made.
Detailed prospectuses with tables in farther illustration of the De-
posit system, and any further information may be obtained on appli-
cation to the Agents in the country. or to
CHARLES W. BEVAN, Resident Secretary,

N.B.—Agents wanted in all parta of the World.

11HE TRUST AND LOAN COMPANY OF
UPPER CANADA.—At an Ex2traordinary General Meeting
of the SHAREHOLDERS of the TRUST and LOAN COMPANY of
UPPER CANADA, held at the Offices of the Company, 65, Moor-
gate-street, on WEDNESDAT, the 22d June, 1853,
A. CHAPMAN.Esq., in the Chair,. • •
the advertisement convening the Meeting having. been reed by
.the
Secretary, it was prt4loSed by Admiral Kelly, seconded by Joseph
Lawrence, Esq., and unanimously reicolved.
That the Directors be and are hereby authorised to issue 25,000
new share of 201. each, the same to be cll.:red rateably to the holders
of the existing stock, in pursuance of clauses 57 and 60 of tide Act
of Incorporation of the Company.
A vote of thanks to the Ch'alnnan and Directors was then pro-
posed by Admiral Kelly, .eeondeel i 3- Sir T. Fuller Drake, Bart., and
passed unanimously by the Meeting.

By order,

T. MACDONALD, Secretary,

ALLOTMENT OF ESTATES.-MEMBERS
of the CONSERVATIVE LAND SOCIETY, who are on the
ORDER OF RIGHTS, are respectfully informed that the Allotment
of the Estates on the Eirkstall snd Brad ord Road, Leal., (West
Riditrz of Yorkshire), and at Wool Green, Tottenham, (Middlesex),
is POSTPONED from the 2d of July, to THUItsi,AY, the 14th of
July, at the offices, 33. Norfolk street, Strand, London.
The EIGHTH I'UBLIC DRAWING will take place at the OffiCeS
on Saturday, the 9th of July, at Twelve o'.cioes, and all persons
taking shares 3n or before that 4ay, up to the thee of plaring the
numbers in the wheel, will participate lu the advant:Tes of this draw-
ing. Prospectuses may he obtained of
CHARLES LEWIS GRUNEISEN, Secretary.

DUBLIN GREAT INDUSTRIAL
EXUIBITION.
TOURS IN IRELAND IN 1833.
IRISH TOURIST TICKETS (available for a month) are now
issued at the following stations:—

Ist Class. 2ei Class.
London (Easton Station)" • • ••..£6 10 0 £5 5 0
Edinburgh, Glasgow, Hull, Bristol, Carlisle, 6 6 0 5 5 0
Oxford. Worcester, Cheltenham, Olottecster 5 15 0 4 15 0
Birmingham, Rugby, Leamington,Coventry,
Lincoln .. •• . .. •• . •• • 5 5 0 4 5 0
Wolverhampton, Iluddersficht, Lends, Shef-
field, Derby.-- .... •• • • • ••.. • • 5 0 0 4 5 0
Manchester, Warrington, Stoke, Macclesfield 4 4 0 3 10 0
Liverpool, Chester .... •• . ............ • • 4 4 'J 3 5 0
They enable the holders to procced,ko Chc.ster, Bangor,
Cclrtossat.4ho Lakes'of Killarney, did llack agatzt to the station at
H Welt the ticket was taken.

The holder of each Irish Tourist Ticket is entitled to have issued
to him, at the office, 52, Westland•row, littblin, at very reduced
rates, tietets for a tour in the county Wieldow, in Kenmore and
Glengariff, up the river Shannon—for the journey from Dublin to
Belfast, for the excursion to the Giant's Causeway, and from Dublin
to Galway for the tour through Connemara. .
Every purchaser of a ticket is pr.:seated. graft., with'a copy of the
" Illustrated Irish Tourist's Hand-Book," compiled solely for these

Tours.
'1 he fullest and mast accurate information afforded at the Chester
an•l Holyhead Company's (Mice, 52, Westland•row, Dublin. See
also " Bradshaw's Guide," page 123.

CONTRACTS FOR PEA?, OATS, AND SUGAR.
Department of the Comptroller for Victualling and
Transport Services,
Somerset-place, 18th June, 1853.
THE Commissioners for executing the Office of
Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, DO HEREBY GIVE NOTICE, that on THURSDAY,
the 28th July next, at One o'clock, they will be ready to treat
with such persons as may be wiling to Contract for supplying and
delivering into Her Majesty's Victualling Store at Deptford the
undermentioned articles, viz.:—

Qrs. Half of each to be delivered in
Peas • • • • • • • • • • • six weeks, and the remainder
Oats, for making Oatmeal,. „.300 e in a month afterwards, or

Sugar ......

Tons. i earlier if preferred by the
•• • 100 J party tendering.

The Sugar to be exempted from the Customs Duties.
No Tender will be received for a less quantity of Peas and Oats
than 100 Quarters of each, and of Sugar than 20 tons.
Samples of the Peas and Oats (not less than 2 quarts of each), and
of the -ugar (not less than 2lbs.), must be produced by the parties
tendering, otherwise the Tender will not be noticed.
The conditions of the revised contracts, to which particular atten-
tion Is called, may be seen at the said office, at the office of Com-
mander Bevis, at Liverpool, and of the, Collector of Customs at
Bristol. No tender will be received atter One o'clock on the day of
treaty, nor any noticed unless the party attends, or an agent for him
duly authorised in writing.
Every tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the Adm'ralty,
and bear in the lett-hand corner the words " Tender for PD
and must also be delivered at Somerset-place, and those for Sugar
must be accompanied by a letter signed by two responsible persons,
engaging to become bound -with the person tendering, in the sum of
20/. per c, nt. on the value, fur the due performance of the contract.

MEDICAL ADVICE ON THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF

YOUTH AND MATURITY.

DR. SAMUEL LA'MERT, 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Doctor of Medicine, and Matriculated Member of the University of
Edinburgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical
Society. Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall. London, Ste., &c.
MAY be consulted, personally, or by letter, on
the various disorders of the nervous and generative system,
resulting from juvenile irregularities and excesses, which have pro-
duced more misery in youth, degradation in manhood, and prema-
ture decay at all stages of life, than perhaps any other class of dis-
eases known to modern pathologists. Long and practical experience
in the treatment of these diseases has proved that there are in exist
once secret causes of sell-acquired miseries and disappointed hopes in
existence, traceable to certain pernicious habits, to which Nervous
Debility, various forms of Insanity, Unhappy and Unfruitful Marri-
ages, Impotency, Local and Constitutional Weakness, and their
endless modifications owe their almost entire origin.
It is absolutely necessary that all men should know that there are
principles of personal management which cannot be violated without
Incurring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret succeed
the heyday of inconsiderate self-indulgence, how these penalties
may be mitigated, how the sting of their bitterness may be removed,
and how the evil and its consequenc es may be avoided, and above all,
that there is searaely any degree of physical infirmity or functional
derangement to which the timely aid of scien sacannot apply a cure.
DOCTOR LA'MERT has for a long series of years been engaged
in an extensive practice in the treatment of these delicate com-
plaints, and s the only legally qualified Physician who, regardless
of the taunts and envy of thehypocritical and mock-modest, has had
the confidence, through the medium of the public press, to direct
attention to these enormous evils, from which no grade of society is
tree. In selecting this department of practice, ha has been amply
rewarded by the great success that has attended his efforts in the
treatment of these cases,
which are too generally confided to the
care of unqualified and ignorant empirics, who, with their pirated
publications, assumed foreign names and titles, and pretended virtues
of their patent nostrums, have inflicted serious injury on those who
have been induced to place faith in their pretensions.
At home for consultation daily from Eleven till Two, and from
Six till Eight. All letters must contain the fee of 1/., and advice and
medicines can be forwarded to any initials or address.
It is desirable that patients wishing to consult Dr. LA'MERT
should first obtain a copy of his work on
SELF-PRESERVATION.
A Medical Treatise on the Philosophy of Marriage and Nervous and
Generative Debility, illustrated by fifty-coloured engravings, and des-
cribing in detail the various disorders resulting from secret habits and
excesses. The perusal of this treatise will assist in the correct
description of their cases, and may be had, price 2s 6d, in English,
French, Spanish, Dutch, Italian, or German, of Messrs. Piper
Brothers and Co., 23, Paternoster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street;
Mann, 39, Cornhill ; Storie, Titchborne-street, Haymarket; or free
by post for forty-two stamps, to any addres3 from the Author's resi-
dence, 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON.

TRUST AND LOAN COMPANY OF UPPER CANADA.—
Yesterday an extraordinary general meeting of this
company was held at the offices in:Moorgate-street, to
consider the propriety of authorising the directors to
issue 25,000 new shares of 201. each, in accordance with
the provisions of the royal charter of incorporation.
Mr. Chapman occupied the chair, and stated that at the
last meeting on the same subject he had occasion to
enter so fully into the causes which had led the directors
to suggest the propriety of issuing new shares, that it
was unnecessary for him at that moment to go into
further details. The object of the creation of addi•
tional capital was to enable the directors to extend the
useful associations of the company, which there was
now a favourable opportunity of doing. Admiral Kelly
moved a resolution authorising the issue of the new
shares as above-mentioned, and congratulated the pro-
prietors on the successful management and prosperous
condition of the company. The resolution was seconded
and unanimously adopted. The chairman then observed,
in proof of the stability of the company, that the Globe
Insurance Company had offered to lend them 20,0001.
on their debentures. The meeting then separated.
EMIGRATION FROM SOUTHAMPTON.—The emigration
commissioners have chartered the following ships to
convey out emigrants from Southampton to Australia,;
between this and the Ist of August next, viz., the
Oithona, Statesman, Edinburgh, Athenian, Credenda,
Herefordshire, Pekin, Maidstone, and Epaminondas.
• The gross tonnage of these vessels is about 9,000 tone.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

(From, the Times.)
The Russian Government has at length broken the
silence which it had observed since the commencement

of the negotiations of Prince Menschikoff, and the Jour-
nal of St. PeterBburgli, has been authorised to communi
cate to the world a circular dispatch of the 12th of June,
in which Count Nesselrode sets forth and explains, in the
sense.of the Russian Cabinet, the causes of the present
crisis, and the views upon which the Emperor of RussiL
is prepared to act. Our readers will find in this impor.
tant State paper, which we recommend to their attentive

perusal, a nil; ute confirmation of the statements we have

from time to time laid before them ; and, though we en
tirely differ from the conclusions at which the Russia]
Cabinet arrives, we can discover no material fact in thin

authentic narrative beyond those already known to us.
It is perfectly true, as we have all along said, that tilt
indiscreet interference of the French Government witi.

the Holy Places was the original cause of the embarrass
meats which have since ensued, and we should insist tht
more strongly on this point if it were not that the Frencl
Government has made all the reparation in its power foi
this signal blunder, by abandoning the . pretensions it
had raised, and acquiescing in the iast, &mans. with re-
ference to the Holy Places granted by the Porte to tin
Russian Envoy. But, as this point is admitted by tht
Russian manifesto, the substantial injury complained of
by the Emperor Nicholas must be held to have been

already repaired, and the remaining questions are,
whether the affront he had received was such as to
entitle him to exact signal reparation, and whether
the arrangement made requires a more solemr
sanction kn. its future maintenance. The Ottoman au-

thorities are accused of " tergiversation and duplicity,"
because they neglected to proceed to the registration
and execution at Jerusalem of the firman they had
granted at Constantinople ; and because they had sub-
sequently committed " that most flagrant infraction of
placing in the hands of the Latin Patriarch the key of
the principal door of the church at Bethlehem." But,
will any one acknowledge that this act is to be regarded
as a cause of war, especially when it has been repaired
by a subsequent arrangement ? Or are we to be told,
in a State paper of the 19th century, that two empires
are brought to the verge of hostilities because it was
disputed, some months ago, which of two rival priests
of the same faith was to keep the key of a church sacred
to the nativity of their common Redeemer ? All his-
tory cannot afford so frivolous and disgraceful a pre-
tence for such proceedings, and we are more than eves
justified in the tone of contemptuous reprobation in
which we have uniformly spoken of the causes of such a
quarrel.
But the Russian Government goes further. It affirms
that, " as for the protection of the Greco-Russian wor-
ship in Turkey, it needs no other rights than those it al-
ready derives from its treaties, its position, and the influ-
ence resulting from the religious sympathy existing be-
tween 50 millions of Russians of the Greek Church and
the great majority of the Christian subjects of the Sultan
—an influence of ages--an influence inevitable, because
it is in facts, not in words—which the Emperor found
when he ascended the throne, and which he can-
not renounce without abandoning the glorious
inheritance of his august predecessors." Claims
.so
absolute, expressed in such language, are not so easily
subjected to a process of argumentative proof. But in
this case such proof is altogether wanting. We utterly
deny this audacious attempt to identify the Eastern
Church, as it exists under its own patriarchs and synods
in the dominions of the Porte, with the Russian branch
of that Church, whose head is the Czar. This claim is
precisely that which no foreign nations can admit, be-
cause it amounts to the conversion of an alleged confor-
mity of religious worship into a title to spiritual depend-
ence and political influence. Austria has millions of
subjects as well as Turkey belonging to the Greek
Church. The kingdom of Greece belongs entirely to
that persuasion. Is it to be contended for an instant
that the religious sympathy of these Churches with 50
millions of Russians constitutes a ground of Russian
supremacy ? The very reason for which Prince Men-
schikofrs proposals were not only rejected by Turkey,
but condemned by Europe, is that this proposition was
supposed to lurk in the guarded terms of the first article.
We cannot but regard it as an evil symptom that the
same doctrine should now be repeated more explicitly
and vehemently in a formal document, addressed not
only to the Courts of Europe, but to the Russian nation,
whose religious passions and national ambition such a
declaration is strongly calculated to excite and inflame.
It is contended that instances are not wanting in which
treaties have been concluded granting to certain Powers
a right of protection over their co-religionists in foreign
States. Thus, we have held such stipulations in favour
of the Hungarian and Piedmontese Protestants, and
France claims similar rights in favour of the Latin
Christians in the East. But the principle is not the
same, because it has never been supposed that such con-
cessions were made where they could confer political in-
fluence, and such foreign protection was only tolerated
because it applied to a very weak and scanty minority.
To apply the same principle to a mass of many millions,
constituting the large majority of the population of
Turkey in Europe, is to change its nature. But Russia
argues as if such rights already existed, and, because
exceptional rights of this nature have sometimes been
conceded by treaty, she asserts a right to demand their
formal recognition. That is to beg the question alto-
gether, and to act before the contract is signed as if it
were already in full force, for under the most binding
treaty she could do no more than threaten war to avenge
a breach of it.

The most conclusive portion of the Russian circular
appears to us to be absolutely condemnatory of the
course pursued by the Emperor Nicholas. It is argued,
with great force, that nothing can be more inconsistent
with the policy of his reign and with all his recent ac-
tions than that, having laboured with success to con-
tribute to the pacification and tranquillity of Europe
after the convulsion of 1848, he should now direct his
ambitious views to the East, where all the Powers
are united against him. It is added, that "if Russia
is strong she wants no such act as she demands,
mid if she be weak it would not add to her power."
We can conceive no answer to these objections,
which are, in fact, the very same urged against the
policy of Russia by every independent organ in Europe.
But,unhappily, the facts of the case contradict the theory
of this note. The publication of the note itself materially
increases the difficulty, for it cannot but excite public
opinion in Russia, and it pledges the Imperial Govern-
ment "to procure, by a more decided attitude, the
satisfaction it has vainly attempted to obtain by pacific
means." Such language, in circumstances like the pre-
sent, is the ordinary prelude to hostilities ; yet such is
the singularity of this case that without an attempt to
produce a definite cause of war, the Russian Govern.
ment affects a maudlin regret for the extremities to which
it is reduced. Such language is not dignified, for it
cannot be honest ; and it is mischievous, because it con-
tracts the already narrow ground on which it may be
possible to arrive at a compromise. The last change
in the form of Prince Menschikoff 's proposals is one of
words, but not of substance ; for the note tendered by
him for the signature of the Turkish Ministers compre-
hends all the articles of the Sened, and the passive ac-
ceptance of such a declaration would be as great a con-
fession of impotence as the conclusion of a treaty to the
same effect. Yet the official publication of this draught
by the Russian Government would seem to imply that
it is entirely resolved to insist on one of the two alter-
natives—of submission to these terms, or war. On one
point of the horizon, however, a hope still remains
that negotiations may be resumed. The Emperor of
Russia has applied to the Cabinet of Vienna for its good
offices at Constantinople, to induce the Porte to submit
to the ultimatum, and this circumstance has doubtless
given rise to the inaccurate statement that the mediation
of Austria had been accepted. The Austrian Govern-
ment is said to have replied that it could not give its
good offices or assistance merely to urge upon the Porte
the acceptance of terms which it did not approve, but
that it is ready to instruct the Internuncio, M. de Bruck,
to endeavour to find some middle term or means of com-
prise between the last demand of Prince Menschikoff
and the last concession of the Porte. The point is, in
truth, a very narrow one, and if this conciliatory sugges-
tion of Austria be accepted by the Emperor of Russia
peace may still be maintained.

If the Russian Government had preferred its claims to
that amount of redress to which it might fairly be en-
titled without bullying, without intimidation, and with-
out any attempt to impose on Turkey and the world, no
doubt it would have obtained all that the case required.
But it resorted to means altogether disproportioned to
the extent of its avowed pretensions, and apparently cal-
culated to defeat their success. It N impossible to sup-
pose that the astute Cabinet of St. Petersburgh would
so have overplayed its part without some ulterior motive ;
and when it labours to demonstrate to Europe that,
after all, the case lies in a nutshell, and that its
claims are reduced to the most unpretending scale,
Europe will naturally ask why such claims are sup-
ported by so great an array of diplomacy and of armies,
and how it came to pass that the Emperor Nicholas
is ready to sacrifice all the most important political rela-
tions of the Continent to a matter which he himself de-
scribes as insignificant and superfluous. It is impossible
to find a justification of conduct so momentous in the
occurrences which have taken place, and the language of
peace and moderation is a mockery when it serves only
to conceal vast and uncalled-for preparations for war.
Meanwhile, the British fleet, having proceeded on its
course, reached Besika Bay on the 13th inst., the fifth
day from its leaving Malta; and, as the French fleet was
still at Salamis on the 11th, it is probable that Admiral
Dundas was the first to arrive in the Turkish waters,
where he will, without doubt, be speedily joined by Ad-
miral Lasusse. The military preparations of the Turks
continue with great alacrity, and, from the accounts we
receive from several parts of the empire, these armaments
excite an enthusiasm not confined to the Mussulman
subjects of the Porte. The Christian populations seem
everywhere to understand that the question really at
stake is not merely the existence of the Turkish Govern-
ment or their own religious privileges, as their future
national independence, and there never was a time when
the influencd of this country predominated more exten-
sively in the East than at the present moment. We
owe that influence to a policy the most opposite to that
which Russia has pursued. Our commercial enterprise