The Sun.
London, England, 1854-08-14 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 14, 1854.

Hitherto the country has been told by Minis-
ters that it is altogether impossible to conjecture
while the war is actually still going on what may
be the precise conditions for the ultimate restora-
tion of tranquillity. The Prime Minister, indeed,
has even replied with more than his customary
petulance to those who have ventured to thrust
an inquiry upon this head upon the Members
of her MAJESTY'S Government. His Lordship
has gone so far, in truth, as to declare that the
conditions of the future peace must be left to be alto-
gether contingent upon the results of the struggle
between the forces of the Allies and those of the
Russian AUTOCRAT—avowing to the amazement
of the entire community that the terms of the paci-
fication must be wholly dependent upon some such
astounding alternative as that of the Anglo-French
army advancing victoriously upon St. Petersburg,
or of the Muscovite troops appearing in triumph
before the gates of Constantinople.
A craven avowal certainly—and one, we are
bold to say, altogether unparalleled as coming
from a recognised Leader of the British Govern-
ment.

As if England and France could consent under
any circumstances to an abatement of their just
demands, or to the fact of the terms of a peace
being dictated by the CZAR of All the Russias,
because of his soldiers having won their way at
the point of the sword to the shores of the Bos-
phorus !

As if the Western Allies
of Turkey would re-
quire more than prudence and reason dictate at
this moment, in the event of their combined arma-
ments taking possession successively, say of Hel-
singfors, and Cronstadt, and Sebastopol
However, setting aside the monde of the ques-
tion, the fact of Ministers having declared the
impossibility of giving any answer to the
inqui-
ries, just now, while the war is pending,
as to the
nature of the conditions for the ultimate restora_
tion of tranquillity, is wholly and notoriously- in-
disputable. The fact of Ministers having insisted
upon the impracticability of entering into these
v
eagerly looked-for (and very naturally so looked
repeat, d no-
for) explanations—is, we
somuch sowholly that,an as we
toriously undeniable. In
have already observed, the Earl of ABERDEEN, in
insisting upon the impossibility of explaining the
nature of the objects of the war, has daringly
maintained those objects to be contingent upon
the. alternative of the allied army appearing in St.
Petersburg, or of the Russian army entering
Constantinople.
Well—and after all these repeated and, to say
the least of them, most remarkable assertions on
the part of the Ministers of the Crovin of Eng-
land—there appears in the Moniteur the notable
despatch, dated Paris, July the 22d, 1854, ad-
dressed by M. DROITYNS DE L'Huys to the Baron
DE BOURQUENZ; in which the Conditions of the
Peace are particularised, are given in a detailed
form and categorically !
It is not by any means the first occasion upon

which England has received the earliest intelli-
gence of what is going on—not from their own
rulers, but from the French Minister for Foreign
Affairs. In this instance indeed, as in: almost every
other connected with the Eastern question and
the Russian war which has thence supervened--
France has been just one step in advance as com-
pared with England—the French Government,
that is to say, has again, as so often before in
this matter, just by one important move antici-
pated the English Government.

Denied any explanation upon a subject of
vital importance such as that of the con-
ditions of a pacification, denied any expla-
nation upon this head by their own Cabinet,
the people of England are once more com-
pelled to look across the Channel for information.
As usual, they obtain the desired intelligence from
the columns of the Moniteur. They learn from
the despatch already particularised, the despatch
of the 22d of July, the last masterly state paper
emanating from the pen of M. DROUYN DE
L'HUYS, what ARE, after all, these mysterious
Conditions of Peace which our own Ministers have
declared to be even beyond the reach of conjec-
ture, and which the Prime Minister of England,
indeed, has asserted must depend upon some such
alternative as the fall of St. Petersburg or the fall
of Constantinople.
M. DROUYN DE L'HUYS has written thus plainly
upon the subject of these Conditions in his recent
communication to the BARON de BoußqusNEY.
He has observed :

" It may be said, I think, that the common interest of
Europe demands this :
" 1. That the protectorate exercised hitherto by the Imperial
Court of Russia over the principalities of Moldavia, Wallachia,
and Servia, shall cease in future, and that the privileges
accorded by the Sultans to those depen lent provinces of their
empire should, in virtue of an arrangement concluded with
the Sublime Porte, be placed under the collective guarantee of
the powers.
" 2. That the navigation of the mouths of the Danube should
be free from all obstruction, and subject to the application of
the principles consecrated by the acts of the Congress of
'Vienna. _

" 3. That the treaty of 13thJuly,1844, should be revised by
agreement of the high contracting powers in an interest of
European equilibrium, and in the sense of a limitation of the
power of Russia in the Black Sea.
"4. That no power shall claim the right of exercising an
official protectorate over the subjects of the Sublime Porte, no
matter to what rite they belong, but that France, Austria,
Great Britain, Prussia, and Russia shall give their mutual con-
currence to obtain from the initiative of the Ottoman Govern-
ment the consecration and observance of the religious privi-
leges of the different religious communities, and turn to
account, in the reciprocal interest of their co-religionists, the
generous intentions manifested by his Majesty tho Sultan,
without any infringement upon the dignity of his crown
resulting therefrom."

Those, then, are the conditions of Peace—
those are the concessions, upon the submission to
which by Russia, the Allies of Turkey would con-
sent to recognise the final restoration of tran-
quillity.
Candidly, let us say at once that we think them
a great deal too moderate.
It is true they include the opening up of the
navigation, both of the Black Sea and of the
mouths of the River Danube—besides refusing to
Russia henceforth any right whatever to interfere
with the authority exercised by the Sublime Porte
over its own subjects, as well as putting an end,
for once and for all, permanently to the absurdity
of a Muscovite Protectorate over the Prin-
cipalities.

But—not a word is said about the Crimea—
not a word about Circassia—not a word about
Finland. M. DROuYN DE L'Huys talks about
the mouths of the Danube, and about the freedom
of the Black Sea navigation, and about Servia,
and Moldavia, and Wallachia, but he writes not
a syllable about the enormous and lawless acqui-
sitions, rather let us call them by their right name,
the wholesale robberies from Sweden, from
Poland, and from Turkey--.by the continued lack
of expiation for which by Russia the peace of
Europe must necessarily still be perpetually
jeopardised.
Therefore, we conceive the conditions for pease
marked out by the French Minister for Foreign
Affairs to be wholly inadequate. We believe in
our conscience that, if acted upon, they would
inevitably in the course of a few years' time from
the date of the nominal restoration of tranquillity,
prove to have been insufficient for the purpose for
which France and England have now for the first
time in the history of the two countries sent out,
in cordial alliance, their mighty combined arma-
ments.

Never was there so grand an opportunity as
the present for securing the permanent pacifica-
tion of Christendom, and for insuring, as far as
is at all possible, humanly speaking, the steady
advance of the nations of the earth upon the path
of civilisation. GOD forbid that that magnificent
opportunity should be lost through any erroneous
moderation or most mistaken magnanimity ! '

Together, England and France, with one blow
of their two-handed glaive, may sever the Gordian
knot of the Eastern Difficulty. Their cause is
good, their power is immense, their capacity to
exercise that power, if they list, is undoubted.
Let them strike—boldly—and by doing so they
can alone—and by doing so they will effectually,
justify their claim to the glorious title of the
Champions of Christendom and Civilisation.

Her MAJESTY very properly alluded, in the
closing Speech of the SLssion, to the important
constitutional principle which gives the Repre-
sentatives of the people complete control over the
public purse, and which places all questions relat-
ing to the revenue and expenditure of the country
under their exclusive management, and even the
necessary charges incurred in the collection of that
revenue are now properly subjected to the same
authority. On this, the most important of all
their privileges, the House of Commons is natu-
rally peculiarly sensitive. It will allow no tam-
pering or interferenee with a " money bill," on
the part of either of the co-ordinate branches of
Parliament. The slightest alteration by the Lords,
although the improvement may be obvious—must
necessarily prove fatal to the amended measure.
It will, as a matter of course, be rejected, al-
though another bill, in which the wishes of the
Peers are attended to, may be introduced on the
following day. Nor is this excessive jea-
lousy extraordinary for it is that ex-
clusive privilege which constitutes the real
strength and power of the popular branch
of the Legislature, which makes the democratic
principle the predominant one in the British Con-
stitution.
It now, however, appears that a Minister of j
the Crown claims and exercises a power not merely
independent, but subversive of that constitutional
principle. The Chancellor of the Exchequer dis-
poses at his mere will and pleasure of funds
amounting to some THIRTY-FIVE MILLIONS OF
POUNDS STERLING, without acknowledging any
responsibility, or holding himselfboocueneddintogs. renderHe
any account whatsoever of his pr
is, it appears, at present the "LEVIATHAN JOBBER,"
whose dealings in selling out of onesecumroitnyth ofand
buying into another amounted in the
June last to no less than 617,000 i., and which
might have amounted to six or to sixteen mil-
lions—aye, even to the entire funds nor placed
to the credit of the Savings Banks. We knew
not that there was so influential a " bear" on
the Stock Exchange. The " ursine" fraternity
must certainly feel highly honoured by the
recognition of the distinguished member of their
body, whose operations must produce very im-
portant results on the market. Can we wonder
that poor Mr. LAWLEY yielded to temptation ?
The only miracle is, that with such opportunities
for money-making he did not acquire
prsouccohnswoeigailitiph
as to render him indifferent to
or governorship at, the antipodes, and to the
"transfer"—we suppose that is an unobjection-
able phrase—of his seat for Beverley to the
youngest sou of " the good and excellent" Pre-
mier, who appears, by the way,. to have secured
a seat also for his eldest born by the exercise of

lanother piece of ministerial patronage ; not, of
course, from his own department, but from that
of one of his accommodating colleagues. It
17ou1d, of course, be wrong to say that, in the
appointment of the Hon. FRANCIS CHARLES
LAWLEY by the Colonial-office, or the more recent
oue of the Rom Admiral GORDON to a naval com-
mand, the Prime Minister anticipated any personal
benefit ; but virtue is its own reward, and,
the securing seats for two of his sons within
a single month, is a piece of good fortune
that does not fall to the lot of many men, how.