The Sun.
London, England, 1853-01-13 00:00:00

i THE FRENCH EMPIRE.

The Ottoman Ambassador, accompanied by ttie
whole body of the Legation, presented yesterday
his credentials to the Emperor.
The Emperor received, on Tuesday, in private
audience at the Tuileries, M. de Oerthling, resident
Minister to H.R.H. the Grand Duke of Meeklen-
burg-Schwerin., to present his new letters of ere"
deuce to his Imperial Majesty. Count de Hadala
presented in public audience the letters which act'
credit him as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary of the King of Prussia. The Era"
peror also received in public audience. M. Huhllerl
to present his letters as Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary of the Emperor of Austria:
The Austrian and Prussian Ministers were conveyed
to the audience in a carriage of the Imperial• Court•
Another carriage of the Court conveyed to a public/
audience his Grand Ducal Highness Prince Frede-
rick of Hesse to present, on the part of his nephew,
the Grand Duke of Hesse, a private letter of con-
gratulation to the Emperor.
His Majesty the Emperor honoured the Italian
Opera on Tuesday evening with his presence.
By decree of the Emperor, dated Tuesday, we
sum of 5,403,150 fr., inscribed in the budget of the
State for 1853, for the charges of the personnel 01
the Imperial palaces and manufactories, is trap_"
ferred from the budget to the charge of the elw,
list of his Majesty. Another decree of the same
date extends to Algeria the benefit of the decree!
published in France for the remission of fines 001
imprisonment for offences of the press, of penalties
pronounced by the councils of discipline, of the
National Guards, of those for offences against the
fishery laws, and those committed against the laWs
regulating the circulation of carriages, &c.
An Imperial decree of the 31st ult. increases.
from the Ist instant the salary of the Secretary"
General of the Prefecture of Police from 8,000 fr• to
which it had been reduced in 1848, to 12,000 fr• P"
annum.

Baron d'Andre, Envoy Extraordinary and
nister Plenipotentiary of the Emperor of the"
French, in the Netherlands, has been raised to the'
grade of Commander in the Order of the Legion of
Honour.

M. Lemerle, Viscount de Beaufond, commissar!
of marine at avre, has been removed to Roche-
fort, and is to be replaced at the former port by the
commissary of marine at Bayonne.
The Pays of Wednesday has an article on the'
late operations of the Paris Bourse, in which, with:
out making any direct allusion to the remarks 01
the Siecle of the day before on the same subject/
evidently desires to show that the reasons assigned
by its contemporary for the late heavy fall are now
the true ones. The Pays adduces no arguments°
prove that the Bourse is no longer under the in"'
fluence of certain financial notabilities, but, heillg.
left totally free to its own workings, rises and feu'.
according to the pulse of public feeling at the nioi
ment, acted on by the abundance or scarcity 0
money, or the state of manufactures, and other in'
dustrial interests.

The Siecle also has an interesting article conorl!,.
ing the establishment of a service of transatlantic
steamers from some French port on the coast of
Atlantic. Our contemporary sets out with laying It
down as an incontestible principle that any com-
pany, however powerful it might be, would scf,
el
find itself unable to act with vigour, if it divi"
its strength between various ports, and that, 43°.
,
sequently, some one starting point must be selecw;
along the western coast of France. The eonditi°•
of concentration of the service, the Siècle I°L.
on as absolutely indispensable to success; and, ott).;,:.
having assigned its reasons for this opinion-1031'g
indeed, we may observe, scarcely required so ran
elucidation as our contemporary bestows on its it
proceeds thus :

"The ports which now dispute to be selected as
uthe
_,L„,.
place of departure are : in the Channel, Havre and
burg ; in the Atlantic, Nantes and Bordeaux; and the Mediterranean, Marseilles, which is already in
,?-as,.,
01
session of the Levant line. We have again to
what importance is the union of all the services in 'lha
hands of one company, if they are not concentrated "0"
one point and in the same port ? The question of the
unity of port being admitted the next point is to dee'
on that which is the best suited to respond to the eeegil;
tial conditions for the success of the transatalellt
packets. These conditions may be thus summed 1113,4
Ist, in time of peace to serve with the maximal'.
safety, safety, speed, and economy the interests of the counties
whose relations with France they are to develops, and
particular, the interests of French manufactures and cots
_
merce ; and 2dly, in time of war, to add the greatest pt,
sible amount of naval power to the country. One P 01;
alone appears to us to unite all the conditions of a good
transatlantic establishment, and that is Cherburg. If the
line to New York does not appear to be seriously disputed at
Cherburg, it is not the same with the other lin,.
Nantes founds its claims on the law of 1840, which
granted it the Brazils and La Plata ; but Nantes has
ceased to be what may be called a seaport, and St.
Nazaire, which is situated at the mouth of the Rhone,
has only one dock in an unfinished state, and the road-
stead is difficult of approach in the day, unapproachable
at night, and dangerous in foggy weather. Bordeat
and Marseilles claim, in addition to the line to thie.
Brazils, that which is to serve the French and Span's'
West India Islands, Guatemala, New Grenada, Val"
uela, Hayti, New Orleans, and French Guyana. 13:„
Bordeaux, separated from the sea by a river 25 leagul:
in length, is only accessible at high water to vese7
drawing from 14 to 15 feet of water. It is generally
mitted that the Mexican line would require steamers, ;
800-horse power. The roadstead of Pauillac has, it
true, become the place of anchorage of the navigation
Bordeaux, but Pauillac is 12 leagues from Bordenllt
and this roadstead, at the time when the current ""
very rapid, would not be safe for the shipment of 01e1.•
chandise on board transatlantic steamers. Bordentr
pretends to offer an advantage of 48 hours over the
other ports ; but this advantage would be more
tl
than sacrificed by the difficulties of the navigai'l"
of the Gironde. Marseilles, with nautical leonditiollt
infinitely superior, Marseilles, the only one of our gre:e
commercial ports which does not feel any inconveniello
from the tides, is unfortunately too far removed from Paris and the principal manufacturing districts, and °
of the great current of emigration. Marseilles 1305_„
large and deep port, but her dry docks can only 'se:
for the repairs of vessels of ordinary tonnage. Oleo
burg, as we have before said, unites all the conditiev
which are wanting to the other ports. When made tot
centre of trans-oceanic communications, the port
Cherburg would change nothing in the ordinary currenei
of transactions. Placed in the centre of the Chad
coast, united by her railway with Paris, the North. Europe, Alsace, Germany, and Switzerland, it might,
tx, by
attracting all the freight which now goes from Havre.ai
Southampton, become not only the rival of the Eng'
port, but also the possessor of a great part of the tit
sit trade of Havre, without, however, depriving t11:,1
important port of the colonial market which it 13,1,
possesses. A powerful company has proposed to the
Government to undertake the establishment of all
Transatlantic steamers at Cherburg, and the nab
alone of its principal founder, M. Levavasseur, sos,„r,
page,
of Havre and deputy for Rouen, renders
~_o;s
age, in our opinion, to the superiority a to
port. The different services will, according to the ten"
der of the company, be organised as follows :—From
Cherburg to New York ; five vessels of 1,000 how
power each, the fifth to remain in reserve ; departin
twice a month ; speed, 11 knots an hour ; length
passage, 11 days, From Cherburg to the Ant
.
and Mexico : Five vessels of 500 horse-power each'
departures twice a-month ; run from Cherburg to _.,
tinique, 14 days. From Martinique branch line
communication by steamers of 250 horse-power, to r?.
to Guadeloupe, Vera Cruz, New Orleans, Cuba,
Domingo, Grenada, Cayenne, &c. From
the Brazils : Three vessels of 800 horse-Pfcre2rl days.
departures once a-month ; run from
the French
These vessels to call at Lisbon, Madeira, frica, and from
establishment of Goree on the coast 2 _0
5 horse-power to
Rio Janeiro additional vessels of herbu:g to
In all 21 ves-
sels to Monte Video and Ayres.Buenoso
.ti-soe-fprogor
f..
pTehreh co or
sme
•
eels giving a total of 14,500
and of 1,200 f. for those
pany solicits an annual sublivneen,
power for the New York line,
a difference which is ne•
of the Antilles and theaßsed wear and tear of the latter
tire
roenf ar ne average
from 11460
to
oYpi
cessary from the
ilderebe at sea 175 days every years
vessels, which
Thwheiletottalhe 20 years. This cernl would be
millions a-year for
notbecome at a ne t
considerable
d new and abundant source of pre?
expense, but would it
perlo a
very
rench commerce and of riches for the pub°
sfuobrix:raionul d
would,on l
peritydifsetar
windosduringblewe
unusually
thes o v
lasti ohl
ie
gnthtw:. yo ao tr Havre from fyrosm, the
that
and the sewers having
twthreeT.assht.uiewdrye..
been - more than filled, some of the streets were
inundated for several hours.
We read in the _Wats :—" Some persons 11__a'+:
e
expressed surprise at the announcement of the "".4
of the gallery of pictures of the late Duke
Orleans for the 18th and 19th inst. The Bale •
sufficiently explained by the position of the cilt
dren of the duke as minors, and of whom
Duchess of Orleans is the natural guardian. The
advisers of .EI.R.H. the Duchess of Orleans
only taken the same course as that pursued by the
advisers of H.R.11. the Duchess de Berry in 18`'a';'
for the sale of the cabinet of the Duke de Berry,d
General Waldner de Freundstein, comma' the 6th military division at Strasburg, has beir•
appointed a member of the cavalry committee 111
the place of General Grand,
who has receive
another destination ; General Rilliet is named to,e
replace General Waldner de Freundstein
in
command of the 6th division. General de Salle°b -
appointed to the command of the 10th milimtes.
division at Montpellier, in place of General de it° a
tolan, who has received another destination ; eof
General Tartas is appointed to the command of
the 14th military division at Bordeaux in Pinceaje
Generale Pays de Bourjolly, .whoi has.been
a senator, and placed en disponihilite.
Accounts from the French West India Islaee,
received to the 16th. The yellow fever vrasZili
dining% Almond its Wed iotiz !A4 Y."

I

I

Procureur- General of Martinique. Committees had
been formed in that island for raising subscriptions
for the purpose of erecting a statue to the Empress
Josephine. A commission, authorised by the
Governor-General of the same island for the exa-
mination of the question relative to immigration,
had resolved that immigration on a large scale
ought to be effected without delay, and that the
state ought to take part in it. In order to hasten
the solution of the matter, the commission had
adopted an address to the Emperor, praying him
to allow a loan of 5,000,000 fr., to be reimbursed by
annual instalments of 250,000 fr. from the general
receipts of the colony, to be raised.
The Emperor, to commemorate the opening of
the Cirque Napoleon, which he attended, has pre-
sented M. Dejean, the director, with a magnificent
pin, surmounted with an emerald and with dia-
monds ; M. Vjllain de St. Hilaire, author of the
verses, "Dieu nous l'a ren du," which were sung on
the occasion, with a valuable gold snuff-box ; and
M. Laurent, of the Opera National, by whom the
verses were sung ; M. Adolphe Franconi, chief of
the performances, and M. Gosse and M. Barrias,
who executed the paintings with which the interior
is decorated, with pins decorated with brilliants.
His Majesty has also presented M. Lejean with a
sum of 600 fr. for distribution amongst the employes
and servants of the establishment.
The grand centre piece for a dinner service which
M. Christofle is making for the Emperor, consists of
a group representing the genius of War moderating
the speed of his horses in a car, and of another, re-
presenting the genius of Peace in a car drawn by
oxen, whilst in the centre is a figure of France dis-
tributing crowns to the nationalglories. The groups
are united by four pedestals, bearing figures of Force
and Prudence on the side of War, and Justice and
Clemency on the side. of Peace. The service, of
which the centre piece forms part, is to comprise
four large vases, representing the north, south,
east, and west, with specimens of their respective
productions ; and there are to be also candelabras
symbolising the productions of science, art, and
agriculture.
-

-Different public buildings have been mentioned
as destined to receive the Staff of the National
Guard. It is now said that it is to be for the
present lodged in the Casino, in the Chaussee
d'Antin.

The enquete on the project for continuing the
arcades of the Rue de Rivoli from the Passage
Delornie to the Rue des Toulies has just been
closed, after being kept open for eight days at the
mairie of the 4th arrandissement. It has not called
forth any opposition.
The, director-general of the Musees has given
notice that the public exhibition of living artists
will open on the Ist of May next, at the Garde-
Meuble, in the Rue du Faubourg Poissonniere.
Paintings intended for the exhibition will be re-
ceived every day from the Ist to the 31st of March.
The statues in the grounds of the Palace of Ver-
sailles are being cleaned, and an artist is at work
in the:Palace in restoring the paintings of the co-
ronation and marriage of Napoleon 1., by David,
which have been a little injured by time.
The Prefect of the Seine has just given orders
that the collectors of taxes in his department shall
immediately proceed to the collection. All com-
plaints of overcharge are to be presented before the
10th of April. If the reduction demanded exceed
30fr., the application must be made on stamped
paper. _ _

Suicides have of late been extraordinarily nu-
merous in Paris and the neighbourhood ; and se-
veral cases still occur almost daily.
Baron Gustave de Rothschild has been elected a
member of the Jewish Consistory of Paris.
The Prefect of the Seine has announced that as
the list of invitations for the ball to be given at
the Hotel de. Ville on the 17th, has been definitely
closed, it will be impossible for him to comply
With any requests for invitations.
A letter from Alexandria, of 30th ult., in the
Constitutionnel, says :—" The French flag yester-
day floated' over the French Consulate, in honour
of the accesion of Napoleon 111. and the proclama-
tion of the Empire. ATe Deum, at which all the
French residents were present, was sung at the
parish church. The Heron steamer, which has
just arrived to replace the Fabert brig of war, fired
a salute of 101 guns. The Viceroy has left for
Lower Egypt, to inspect the agricultural and other
Works going on in the Delta.
M. Eugene Sue, who is now in Savoy, has com-
menced the publication of a new novel, under the
title of "Le Lac d'Annecy et see Environs." It
appears under the form of a feuilleton in the Offi-
cial Savoy Gazette.
The severity of the gale which has prevailed in
the English Channel for the last two days had not
abated at eight p.m., and the express steam-packet
was, for the third time in succession, compelled to
seek shelter in Calais Harbour, being unable to
make the English coast.
The attention of the Government has begun to
be attracted to the partial elections to the Legisla-
tive Corps which are to take place towards the end
of the month. It is believed that neither Legiti-
mists, Orleanists, nor Republicans will put forward
any candidates. In place of M. Audren de Ker-
drel, ex-deputy for Vitro, and M. de Calvieres, ex-
deputy for Alais, whose resignations in compliance
with the Frohsdorf manifesto noticed at the time,
the Government wishes to put up what it terms
" candidates of conciliation," which of course
means persons who have belonged to the Legiti-
mist party. For Vitro alone five persons are spoken
of, all ex-Legitimists and present Napoleonists. It
is believed that the choice of the Government will
fi,ll on M. Freston de St.Aubin, who is said to be
an intimate friend of the Marquis de Larochejacque-
lein, who, like him, has rallied to the Empire.
A hostile meeting has taken place between Count
Niewerkerque, Director of the Museum, and Col.
Edgar Ney, There are several versions as to the
cause of the meeting, which has its principal inte-
rest in the fact of both being intimates of the
.tlys6e. The name of a lady is said to be mixed up
in the affair.

General Lawcestine, Commander-in-Chief of
the national guard, quitted on Sunday the apart-
ment which he occupied in the Palais Royal ;
but the guard of honour of the general staff of
the national guard still remains here. It is
not true that the general staff is to occupy the
hotel Galifet, in the Rue de Grenelle. The
Marshal Prince Jerome will not take possession of
the Palais Royal until the repairs in progress shall
he terminated, which will not be for two or three
months.

The Moniteur publishes a decree of the Em-
peror, giving the title of imperial to the Hotel
des Invalides, the Polytechnic School, the Spe-
cial Military School, the Military Prytanee (for-
merly the military college of La Fleche), School of
Cavalry, School of Application of the' Staff, School
of Application of Artillery and Engineers, and Mi-
litary Schools of Medicine and Pharmacy. The
other establishments of the artillery and engineers,
such as the central depot, arsenal, waggon-trains,
&c., will take the general titles of imperial esta-
blishments.
The Minister of Public Worship has appointed a
commission, composed of M. Godelle, Councillor
of State (section of finances), M. de Mericourt, In-
spector-General of Finances ;M. Ogier, Reoftaeren-
dary of the Courts of Accounts; M. Thiac,
notary
and M. Roy, Inspector of Finances, to
arrange the;
division of the credit allowed for settling with
the creditors of Monsignor Dupuch, Ex-Bishop of
Algiers.
The consulting consulting railway commission is
nitively constituted. It will have to now
give an
opinion on all subjects relating to railwaysi and to
classify the various lines to be concededinto lst,
2d, and 3d classes, according to their importance.
The commission has at present to examine a consi-
derable number of applications sent in for conces-
sions, amounting in all to not less than
70.
The Courrier du Gard states that the Minister of
Police has written to the Inspector-General of Po-
lice at Montpellier, declaring that
by pardons will be
accorded to all persons condemned
default for
political offences, who may send in their adhesion
to the Government.
orders have
The Courrier du Havre states that
to
been sent from Cherbourg to all the ports not
send any more sailors to that division for the man-
ning of the fleet, a sufficient number for the mo-
ment having already arrived.
PARIS BOURSE Jan. 12.—The decline in public
securities made further progress at the Bourse to-
day. The Four-and-a-Half per Cents. closed at
105 f. 25c., and the Three per Cents. at 80f. 10c.,
for the end of the month ; Orleans Railway Shares,
I,olof. ; Rouen, 995 f. ; avre, 512 f. 50c. ; Great
Northern, 845 f. ; Basle, 355 f. ; Paris and Stras-
burg, 787 f. 50c. ; Paris and Lyons, 885 f. • Lyons
to the Mediterranean 742 f. 50c. ; Great Western,
670 f. ; St. Dizier and Gray, 520 f. ; Caen and Cher-
bourg, 628 f, 75e. ; Dijon and Bsancon, 530 f. ;
Bordeaux and Cette, 587 f. 50c. • Shares of the
Bank of Credit Mobilier (issued at '500f.), 800 f.
•

SPAIN.
We have received Madrid journals of the 7th.
Some of them publish the address to the electors of
the Moderate committee. It is by no means a re-
markable- document, altd a private letter states
that it did not appear to have produced much ef-
fect. The committee recommends the electors to
make the same choice of deputies for the Cortes as
they would have done if the changes in the consti-
tution proposed by M. Bravo Murillo were still to
be presented, as it is by no means convinced that
the propositions of the present Government will be
such as to satisfy.tha friends of constitutional li-
berty. The committee adds that it expects the
Government will do all in its power to defeat its
candidates, The numerous defections in the Mo-

derate party are stated in private accounts to have
given great chance to the ultra opposition, the pub-
lic feeling being opposed to any compromise on the
constitutional question. The Governor of Madrid
had convoked the principal electors of that capital,
and informed them that the Government intends
to allow free action in the elections, requiring only
an abstinence from illegal excitement.
A sharp shock of an earthquake was experienced
four days ago at Fos, on the frontier of Spain, but
it lasted only a short time. The weather, which
had been very fine, changed all at once, and in the
mountains there was a fall of snow. At Foix, de-
partment of the Ariege, there was also, three days
ago, a shock of earthquake, it oscillated from the
east to the west, and shook the pictures, etc.,
hanging to the walls of apartments.
'The Three per Cents. were done at 42i ; the New
Three per Cents. at 23g ; the Debt of the first class
at I.oi, and that of the second at 5/1.