The Sun.
London, England, 1838-04-17 00:00:00

SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.

Thisver;popularpfaceoramUsement was opened yester-
day, with great additions and improvements to its former at-
tractions. The gardens have been for some time in a state of
active preparation for Easter Monday, and yesterday the sea-
son commenced. In addition to a fete, consisting of prome-
nading, looking at the wild beasts, music, and so forth, a very
curious exhibition of certain worthies, called in the bills (and
not inappropriately) " The wonderful Russian air voyagers,"
took place. These two persons displayed some astonishing
feats, the principal of which was an aerial flight on the sails of
a windmill, 40 feet across, one of them having his feet up-
wards and his head downwards during his circuitous flight,
and the other sustaining himself in his perilous position during
his transit through the air by his hands. On the lake was a
a floating platform, on which the Arabs went through the
whole course of their vaulting, &c. and astonished the holiday
visitors with their agility and extraordinary muscular strength.
A splendid marine temple and gallery for the convenience of
spectators has been erected on one side of the lake, from
which a commodious and excellent view is afforded of the
whole spectacle of Mount Vesuvius and the fireworks. This
is a very great improvement; it was a place much wanted.
The last portion of the day's amusement was, however, the
great source of delight to all present. Indeed, the curiosity
of the younger branches of the spectators, and even of some of
the older ones, was se intense, that the approach of darkness
was hailed with acclamations of somewhat loudly expressed
pleasure. As soon as
" Evening gave way to the shadows of night,"
the rumbling of Mount Vesuvius announced what had been
partly set forth in the bills--viz., "that an eruption on a gi-
gantic scale was about to take place." The announcement was
suceeded by volumes of smoke, sparks of fire, and the reflec-
tion of variously coloured flames. To these followed the actual
eruption, under the direction of Vulcan, alias Mr. Southby,
the celebrated manufacturer of fireworks, and his assistant Cy-
clops—names at present unknown. The eruption was cer-
tainly a formidable piece of business, almost as fierce as that in
which the elder Pliny lost his life. Fortunately, however, the
proprietors of these gardens have sufficient command over
their subterranean fires to prevent the recurrence of such an
accident as attended the curiosity of the Roman philosopher,
and no danger awaited the curiosity of the company. The
whole of the amusements of last evening were well got up,
and, notwithstanding the unfavourable state of the weather,
and the almost intense coldness of the evening, several thou-
sand people were present. Every thing went off in the best
way, and everybody departed extremely gratified with the
wonders of the exhibition and the amusement furnished by the
proprietors.

The D of Rutland arrived at Chevelcy Park
near Newmarket, yesterday, from Belvoir Castle.

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WITH WHICH
" THE TRUE SUN" IS NOW

INCORPORATED.

LONDON:
TUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 17, 1838.

It is extremely cruel on the part of the first Lord of
the Treasury, and the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHE-
QUER, to curtail the ceremonies of the coronation, and
cruel beyond expression to the Aldermen of London
and Lord LONDONDERRY to cut off the banquet. So
accustomed is Lord MELBOURNE to a seat at the
Royal table, that he cannot enter into the feelings and
sufferings of those who seldom or never have that
honour ; but it is the duty of a Prime Minister to have
some regard for others as well as for himself. His
duty in this respect, however, he has most egregiously
neglected, for he did not deign even to wait in the
House of Lords to hear the lamentations of Lord
LONDONDERRY, and after such treatment the Tory
Aldermen very properly have come to the conclusion
that if they do not bestir themselves in the matter,
they will be treated with the same contempt. They
are determined, therefore, to shame him into obedience.
The QUEEN, they know, wants a magnificent display—
so do the Spitalfields weavers, and so do the Alder-
men—high and low cry out for the banquet—and that
there may be no excuse on the score of expence, Al-
dermen COPELAND and PIRIE, have generously come
forward and offered 500/. a-head for a dinner, and all
but guaranteed a subscription, which would not only
cover the expellees of the banquet, but of the whole
ceremony. We do not see how Lord MELBOURNE
can get over this. He refuses the usual display on
account of expellee, though he knows the sum required,
if levied on all her MAJESTY'S subjects, would not
amount to the tenth part of a rush light for each ; but
now that the money is forthcoming, and Mr. SPRING
RICE has not a penny surplus to bless himself with,
he must yield. We shall then have a coronation per-
formed by subscription, and by a Tory subscription
too, to the eternal disgrace of the beggarly economical
Whigs. The SPOTTISWOODE plan for overturning
the Government was nothing to this, and if Aldermen
COPELAND and PIRIE persevere, the fate of the
MELBOURNE Ministry is sealed, and these two gentle-
men may write themselves down—Peers.

As we anticipated on Friday last, the proceedings
at the dinner given yesterday to the Dorchester La-
bourers reflected credit upon the good sense of the
working classes. No better sign of the increased and
increasing intelligence of the horny-handed, honest-
hearted population Of England can be desired, than
is afforded by the fact of their meeting together
to celebrate a triumph over despotism, without
allowing their feelings of generous indignation
to betray them into any act, or resolve,
unworthy of a self-respecting assemblage of peaceable
and orderly citizens. It is by such displays of good
and proper conduct that the working people may
really hope to triumph over their oppressors ; for it is
by such conduct that they will enlist the sympathy and
the ardent support of those entrusted with the educa-
tion and direction of public opinion—the labourers in
the vineyard of Literature. What the working people
most want, and ought now most industriously, consist-
ently, and unanimously to struggle for, is cheap bread ;
or, which is the same thing in other words—for a total re-
peal of the Corn Laws. They are daily profiting by
cheap knowledge, and the way to turn the stream of
that knowledge to practical account is to make it sub-
sidiary to the obtainment of an abundant supply of
food at the cheapest price for which it can be pur-
chased. The alleged justice and sound policy of starv-
ing one class of the community to increase the pecu-
niary gain of another, is one of those questions which
an intelligent labourer is as competent to solve ra-
tionally as any Peer, Whig or Tory, in the kingdom.

The pro-church rate party are resolved to carry the
law, as they interpret it, into rigorous execution. We
learn by a communication from that indefatigable op-
ponent of the noxious impost on conscience, Mr.
CHILDS, that the goods of the Dissenters distrained
at Bungay in last July, are now, by the advice of Arch-
deacon GLOVER, to be sold by auction. While there
was some public excitement on the subject, it might
nc,t have been safe to take that step ; hut now, when
the people are calm, the Clergy think the time favour-
able for establishing their plunder-power. They study
convenience, not principle, or they would take the
opportunity of the people being now quiescent, to
draw back with a good grace. They might now do
justice without their conduct being attributed to fear ;
but they will not. They wait till the public indignation
shall again speak in a voice of thunder, and then these
pious men will concede to popular threats that which
they will not grant to justice. The whole proceedings
of the Churchmen must convince the Dissenters that
they have nothing to hope from any conscientious
sense of righteousness in the clergy ; and that as long
as they submit to galling wrong, it will be inflicted on

them. To have their rights properly respected by
others, they must enforce them.

We quite agree with the author of "
An Appeal
to the Religious Community on the disputed questions
of the times," that the subject of national ,religious
establishments is one of the most absorbing of th,e

day. Nor do we see how—when on the preservation.
of the established Church in England and Ireland the
whole policy of the country is based—when freedom
must not be extended nor education encouraged, lest
the power of the established priesthood should be
weakened, and their safety endangered—writers for t►le
public Press can possibly abstain from entering intc.
11 the discussion. Not to do that is to run the risk of

being superseded as the leaders and organs of public
opinion, and voluntarily to sling away from the van of

progressive society. Dr. CHALMERS, too, is CORIll:f:
to London to enlighten, by his eloquent discourses, the
metropolitan public, on the duty of providing ad-
ditional funds for the support of the State
Clergy of Scotland. We cannot, therefore, now
that Parliament is not asseinbled, do better than de-

vote a small portion of our space to a few scattered
remarks on the principle and practice of Monarchs and

Statesmen—a HENRY the VIII., a GEORGE IV., a
BOLINGBROKE, or ;a CASTLEREAGH, presuming to;
dictate the religion and the worship of the people.
The Pamphlet to which we have above alluded, '
being Three Lectures on the Doctrine of Sacramental
Efficacy, the Clause of Apostolic Succession, and the
Union of Church and State, by the Rev. JOHN ELY,
Minister of Salem Chapel, Leeds, has come to band"
at an appropriate time to stimulate our remarks. Pest./
polling the general question to the particular question;l:'
of the Union of the State with the Church of England,
we shall just notice the character which he gives of that
Church, from which it may be inferred, whether that is
such an institution as the State, or the whole people,
ought to support. First he shows from the Oxford Tracts'
that the clergy of the Church of England now teach that'
the Sacraments which they administer actually convey'
the things which these sacraments signify, and ate the
means of man's justification. Next he shows that the
clergy who administer these sacraments claim a right,
to administer them, as having derived their office un-
interruptedly from the Apostles ; and they declare that
these sacraments, unless administered by them, can,
afford neither comfort nor usefulness to the commu
nicants, and that those who not being of them admi
nister the sacraments render themselves liable to severe,
punishment. "It is of the utmost importance," say
the Clergy of the Church of England, "that you should
know and understand that it is by virtue of this commis-
sion that we Clergymen lay claim to your attention,
when we minister the word and the sacraments.
Thirdly, Mr. ELY shows that those Clergy claim
the support of the State, not because a Church Estab-
lishment may perchance benefit the people, may im-
prove their morals and extend their knowledge, but
because these Clergy are the heirs of the Apostolic
power ; because they alone possess the right of open-
ing heaven for mankind ; or can properly administer
the sacraments which are the means of justification
and salvation. We think it quite needless ourselves
to enter into the theological arguments. by which Mr.
ELY ably refutes these several claims of tire Church, for
we at once conclude that a Corporation which begins by
;assuming the possession of this peculiar delegated power,
!of the authenticity of which the mass of the people
'cannot possibly form a judgment ; which, on the pos-
session of that delegated power, claims a right to be
the exclusive teacher of the community, and ends by
'making, on account of that power, large and continual
'demands on the public resources, is a Corporation;
which the State ought to look upon with great
jealousy, and do all in its power to destroy. Dr.
PALEY described all Church establishments as po-
litical contrivances—as no part of Christianity ; but
the English Church, according to the Oxford Divines,
is an Apostolic establishment, deriving vast and inde-
pendent power from the Author of the Christian religion,
and his immediate disciples. It is a complete revival
of the Church of Rome in all things, except that its
head is not a foreign priest, and to submit to its
claims, much less to enter into an union with it, is to
sacrifice both the freedom and the independence of the
State.

There is one point on which the Church, as the pos-
sessor of delegated Apostolic power, and the State,
seem to us in complete opposition. Society is pro-
gressive, and it is the great duty of those who possess
the authority of the State to provide for the progres-
sive improvement of the people. All laws are directed
to promote the future welfare of society ; the Apos-
tolic Church is intended only to preserve the princi-
ples propagated in times gone by. Its great object,
ai:cording to the statement of its friends, is to fix Oil
mankind the knowledge and doctrines of a past age.
It is the duty of the Clergy to transmit those doe."
trines unimpaired, and not to allow them to be ques-
tioned or altered ; it is the duty of the State to extol"
the knowledge of the people in all directions ; end
nothing can well be more completely in opposition
than the avowed intention of the Clergy to circuit'.
scribe man wholly by the knowledge of a past age,
and the duty of the State to provide for the future'
The opposition between these two principles is in
fact the source of the hostility which the Clergy and the
advocates of the Clergy shew to education—stigmatiz-
ing like the Quarterly Review, all knowledge except
that taught by the Clergy " as fly-blowing the country
with schismatic notions." Every thing which deviates
from their doctrines, whether of sacramental efficacy of
A postolic succession, or everything which seems t°
threaten a deviation from them, ought in their esti-
mation to be checked and suppressed. Unless th 6
doctrines of religion be themselves susceptible of im-
provement, and capable of expansion like other know'
ledge—which seems possible, for the Christian religion..
is an improvement on the Jewish dispensation—thane
that is not the doctrine of the Church of England,
it
is obvious that a Church which insists on hold-
ing firmly by the doctrines of the past, and the
State, which is bound to provide for the future'
are and must be in conflict ; and the union between
them can only neutralise the healthy action of Wl'
Nor does experience gainsay this conclusion, for reli-
gion as in the United States, and as among the Cat'?"
lies of Ireland, is always more efficacious—more try
fluential over the heart and affections where it is 'lnt,
united with the State than where it is. The action 0'
the State too, whether for good or for evil, lore
energetic, wherever the performance of its duties t°
the people is not impeded, as it is continually in Eng-
land and Ireland, by considerations of what is due to
the Church.

The whole of the Paris Journals of Sunday have
been received this morning ; but with the exception of
the subjoined extracts, they contain no intelligeoc
Lrd
that would at all interest an English reader. o
BROUGHAM, who is at present in Paris, is the great
lion of the day. His Lordship attends the sittings
of the Chamber of Deputies, and appears to take a
lively interest in the proceedings :
of
The demi-official Russian Journal, the Northern Bee
ffi
the 17th (29th 1 of March, publishes the following article, --
" Redscid Pacha is sent to Paris to demand of the French
Cabinet either the evacuation of Algiers or its restitution to
the Ottoman Porte, on the payment of a large sum of money
as an indemnity for the territory of Algiers, which would b?.-.
come the lawful property of France. Redschid. Pacha
not quit Paris until he has obtained the consent of the Frencit
Government to one of these proposals. This mission willul by
supported by one of the European Government. The TkiOt
Ambassador ;AM visit the King of Maples and the Pope,l‘l.d

'1'7,111 make commercial arrangements with the Court of
Sardinia.
" Achmet Pacha, who is restored to the Sultan's favour,
commissioned to fit out a squadron, at the head of which
.se is to observe the French fleet. Admiral Roussin has given
rders to Admiral Gallois not to quit the road of Smyrna.
tir English ships of the line have joined the French squad-
" The French and English sailors live on good terms
wi9l each other. This is not the consequence of a sympathy
of between the two nations, but of superior orders. The policy
France and England is to show the people of the East that
thetwo nations are in perfect harmony with each other."
,
article of the Russian press shows that the absolute
',pinata are contriving fresh intrigues againt France. —Con-
stltutionnel.
PAR
eon Is, APRIL 14.-The Siecle says the Emperor of Russia
tinues to add. to the proofs of his good-will to France and
Gov
.ans ernmer.V...
, who ob`,a').n Not contented with subjecting the Rus-
permission to pass some months at Paris, to
alii.°39,„r°ll,! superintendence, a real police inquisition, this per-
osi --ueeto.nes daily more difficult to obtain, and is granted
Pee to
to snlic'.tors who arc protected by a special and powerful
the°iricii.en,4 ation. Many young noblemen who had asked for
tory ,e,"P' sable license to travel have met with a peremp-
roan,: iu sal ; they arc left to choose between Italy and Ger-
of 1354 nd such conditions are imposed upon them, that most
have resolved to complete their education in Russia.
pu thlt 'a new measure has just struck the Russians, who have
there;!sed landed property in France ; a notice emanating from
with e4tuperor's Cabinet enjoins them to sell their property
en, ~/ka little delay as possible, and forbids, under the severest
in "tics, the subjects of the Czar to purchase real property
to a. 'cottntry which the suspicious policy of Nicholas considers
infected with revolutionary opinions. This interdict, lately
,4,11 ed from St. Petersburgh, caused a contract for the sale of
arge estate in Normandy to be annulled a few days ago in
ell 5 'ace of a notary ; the purchaser was a Russian Prince,
known by a long residence, and by some advertisers, who
aye Will be
made a noise in the capital. Henceforth the Russians
pra obliged to lire in furnished lodgings.—Gazette de
nce,
thelle,AN"Ra, Aram 9.—Since the names of the members of
th —cmtisittee appointed by the two Chambers to examine
- new Constitution are known, among whom there are in
Proportism implicit partizans of the Cabinet and zealous advo-
tea of its principles and views, scarcely a doubt is enter-
°f
.T the Estates will be in favour of I. Leist's scheme of a
1.; astitution • for, though the Committee should differ in
some Poi
nts from the Goverment, it is highly probable that
eywill come to an understanding with each other, as the
Inister Von &slick has declared that the King will by no
4e
ans insist on the adoption of the proposed Constitution
Without any change ; but, on the contrary, will readily assent
.the alteration of single articles if they do not relate to any-
'nuts essential.—Hamburg Papers, April 13.
HAMBURCi BORSEN HALLE, APRIL 13.
Bins. Money
Austrian Alctariques, 5 per cent.
Ditto ditto 3 per cent....
ditto 2, per cent —7
1434
Ditto Bank Shares
'4'2310-Russian Loan
raper inscription, 6 per cent —
Russian 5 per cents. Metal.
Russian Inscription, Hope and Co., 3d and 4th
Series
Ditto, Certificates
Portuguese Regency Bends, 5 per cent
13itte, 3 per cent.
ullteil 2h per Cents.
Ditto 5 per Cents
Polish Bonds, 3 per cents.
New Tickets
Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per cents
;4erv!egian Loan of 1534, 4 per cents
ettari'ish, in piastres, 3 per Cents
G Lean, 5 per Cent
Greek 4 per cents. Ism, guaranteed by France
EXCHANGES ON LONDON.
HAnnUau, APRIL 43 —l3 93( ; two months, 13 834.
Benin, APRIL 10.—Three rn • nths, 6. 253.
BRE'v:,'N, APRIL 10.—Two months 608 34.
--liansburg Papers, April 13.
PRUSSIAN FUNDS,—BERLIN, APRIL 10.
giiriey.
•-•
.Chuld. Sch., 4 per cent
,P' neaten English Loan, 1830, 4 per cent 103 102
.4xchinge on London, three months 6 25%
—Prussian State Gazelle. April 11.

CONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS.

:CITY (THIS DAY) TWELVE O'CLOCK.
The semi-official Russian paper' of the 24th March states,
that Reschid Pasha has been sent to Paris, with orders to de-
and of of the French Cabinet, either to abandon Algiers, or
sll
remit to the Ottoman Porte, the payment of a sum of money
for the retainment of the Algerine territory ; in fulfilment of
7,5. remittance, Algiers shall be the property of France.
European
mission was to be supported by the majority of the
c,ttropean Governments.
It is reported in the French papers, that the Spanish
`Oovernment had received intelligence of a Carlist
General entering Segovia, on the 6th instant, and that
n* also occupied Saint Ildefonso ; the garrison of Sego-
Via, with the archives and public funds, entered the fort
Vel3ich had not surrendered when General Negri quitted the
'town. General Irriate was on the 6th at Guadalajara. All
the disposable cavalry had left Madrid to join Irriate.