The Sun.
London, England, 1853-02-26 00:00:00

NOTHING.

If unable to pay, or not
desirous of paying or
omitting topay,thePo-
Hey would still remain
of its FULL value,
522/.25.7d.ti1l death, if
20 years after, no fur-
ther payment belngre-
quired. If however the
party, from any cause,
wished to cancel the
Policy, he could not
onlydraw out all hehas
put in, viz., 2251., but
a certain bonus of 62/.
2s. 9d. in the bargain,

!Oli/.los 0,1

2251.

1522/.257d1

287/. 28. 9d.

which is more
than one-fourth of the
whole ofhis payments,
or he could either draw
out a part, 201. or 501.,
diminishing the Policy
only by the assured
value of the sum se
drawn out at the age
when withdrawn. See
pagess and7in detailed
pamphlet, by
F. G. P. Nelson, Esq

On comparison of these two tables it will be seen that a person
under the novel system of DEPOSIT assurance can secure the follow-
ing advantages, viz., Ist. For a less sum, paid annually, he can assure
larger sum in case of death than under the ordinary system.
2ndly. In the event of a desire tosurrender,his Policy he can receive
in this Company, by the above example, which applies to all ages,
TIMER times as much as on the ordinary system. 3rdly. In the event
of inability or omission to pay, his policy remains still his property,
of the same value as it was, though he cease his current payments
for any number of years ; whereas on the ordinary system, he gets
nothing. 4thly. Should he require to increase or decrease the
amount of his policy, he can do so at pleasure. He can at an time,
by giving a fortnight's notice, withdraw any part from 11 up toe
whole amount of his previous payments and with interest. After he
has withdrawn part one year he can, by a single payment, three
years, or any time afterwards- raise his policy to a greater or even
its former amount ; and by this system he can at all times regulate
his annual savings by his annual expenditure, with the facility in the
bargain of having a fund to fly to in case of necessity, the same as
Ina bank, with this palpable advantage, however, that he gets Inte-
rest his money, and in case of death his family receive mere th an
the amountt his savings. In ordinary Life Offices be can do vo
Such thing, but his policy at once lapses or is cancelled the moment
he ceases to pay his current premiums, and, instead of having any
fund to iy to for aid, all his hard•earned savings become forfeited to
the society, and his misfortunes serve to benefit the pockets of his
more fortunate co-assurers.
Such a system ,is too equitable and too striking to be overlooked
and DEPosIT assurance is the only system of assurance which can be
universally recognized and adopted when the principles are impar-
tially canvassed, and its palpable benefits become widely diffused. It
confers greater advantages than a busk because it allows a fair rate
of interest in case of withdrawal, and gives twice the amount in the
hands of the Company to the representatives of the Depositor 11
case,of death, thus combining the
ADVANTAGES OF A BANK WITH THE BENEFITS OF
AN ASSURANCE COMP.ANY.
In case of endowment assurances the advantages of the DEPOSIT
system are still more striking.
ADVANTAGES OF THIS COMPANY UNDER THE ORDINARY
LIFE ASSURANCE BRANCH.
To those who prefer this branch Policies are granted from 201. to
5,0001. on every known principle thereof.
Lives in all but the worst stages of disease,
ivale
and such as have been
rejected by other Offices, are taken at rates equivalent to the parti-
cular disease.
Loans from MIL and upwards granted on every kind of security,
real or personal, on the most equitable terms to the borrower
Annuities of every description granted on very favourable teurrarmsnt
Non-forfeiture of a Policy —ln case of inability to pay the c
premiums, the Directors will either purchase the Policy at a fair
market value, or give a new one in lieu thereof, less 5 per cent., inte-
rest corresponding in amount to the whole of the previous payments
which have been made.
Detailed prospectuses with tables in further illustration of the De-
posit system, and any further information may be obtained on appli-
cation to the Agents in the country, or to
CHARLES W. BEVAN, Resident Secretary

N.B.—Agents wanted In all, orirtA of the World.

DR. CU LVERWELL'S NEW WORKS.
To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row, Carvalho,
147, Flect-street , Mann, 39, Cornhill. Price One Shilling each; br
post, Is 6.1.

ENJOYMENT OF LIFE.
"Health, Recreatioi, and Rational Use of Time."
Corretirs : —Early Rising—Spring and SlB:lnner Mornings—Ex-
cursions about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lanes, Hills
Forests, Fields, High-roads, and other pleas ant places - Country
Trips and Rambles—The Sea -London at Night—Evenings at Home
Music—The Drama—On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing, Air,
Rest, Ease, Occupation, &c., &c.

FRAGMENTS FROM TAE FOUNTAINS. Two Vols.
Vol. I.
VISIT 10 THE LAKES; SKETCH OF /:DINBURGH, Sec.
THE LAKES OF KILLAR
LINNEY ; REMINISCENCES OF
DUB, &c.
WITA.T TO EAT, DIkINK, AND ATOID,
" That three score years and ten our course may run."
A popular review of almost every form (cause sad cure) of ner-
vonsly-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution that harasses
tbe young, besets the man of pleasure, business or study, and em-
hitters old age; with tables and ralesfer the diet and physical regu-
lation of every -day life.

IT.
THE PASSIONS.
" What passions hurt the body 'hat improve,
Truths as refined as Athens ever heard."
SUBJECT :--I.lfe's pilgrimage, from infancy- to old age. The ad-
vent of the nassions. Chastity and its infring ernent. The casualties
ofvelic, and remediative.ntiousness and dis Advocacy of early m. duesipation, with illustr at ims,s graphic, narra-
ti.
T.
THE MARRIAGE STATE.
To be or not to be, that is the question."
raoonammi :—Laws and obligations of nal ure, society, and reli-
gion regarding marriage, to be observed by either sex. Time and
choice, on both sides, as to age temperarn
the anti
of r, comearingplexionthem.
, and
figure, to secure healthy offspring, with Ni
Physical defectiveness and its removal. Stkril audits conversion.
Cases, &c.
By R. J. CULVERWELL, M.D. (1841), :K.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A.
(1824), Twenty-five years Medical and For ensic Referee in there
matters.

Price Is. each; by post, ' Is. 6d.
To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalh 14
Fleet-street ; Mann, 39, Cornhill; or of K. R. Culverwell,
from
to, Argyll-place, Regent-street, who may he consulted dail,y
Ten Lill Five, and,Seven till Nine.

:omit quarts . .• _
Ditto ditto pints 4 6
Genuine Dublin Stout, warranted of the first quality—
Per Dozen imperial quarts .. • • .. .. 7 0
Ditto ditto pints .. • • • • • • 4 0
Earle Brothers and Co guarantee their Ales and Stout to be of
the finest quality, and earnestly invite the Public to avail themselves
of the great saving they will make by honouring this firm with their
patronage.
Earle Brothers and Co. call the attention of the Public to the im-
portant fact, that they are offering Three Gallons, that is, One Dozen
and a Half of the present miscalled Quarts and Pints, for a Lower
Price than the Public is now generally paying tor Two Gallons, or
One Dozen of precisely the same article, identical in quality, and
brewed by the same eminent firms.
The advantage to the Public is one-third more for the same price.
The Public has loudly complained of the short measure it has been
the practice of the dealers in Bottled Beer to give.
Earle Brothers and Co. offer the Public a complete remedy, ani
respectfully Leg the Public to avail themselves of it.
TERMS, CASH.

E. d.
Bottles charged per dozen, quarts •.. • . 3 0
Ditto , ditto pints .. 2 6
Full credit given for the bottles when returned.
EARLE BROTHERS and CO.,
Wine and Beer Merchants.
4, DIINCANSTON-STREET, TRAFALGAR-SQUARE, LONDON.

DINNEFORD'S PURE FLUID MAGNESIA
Has been for many years sanctioned by the most eminent
of the medical profession, as an excellent remedy for
ACIDITIES, HEARTBURN, HEADACHE, GOUT, AND
INDIGESTION.
As a Mild Aperient, it is admirably adapted for Delicate Females
particulary during Pregnancy ; and it prevents the food of infants
from turning sour during digestion. Combined with the

ACIDULATED LEMON SYRUP,
forms an Effervescing Aperient Draught, which is highly agreeable
end efficacious.
Prepared by DINNEFORD and Co., Dispensing Chemists (and
Jexeral Agents for the Improved Horse Hair Gloves and Belts),
172, New Bond-street, London, and sold by all respectable Chemists
throughout the Empire.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

PORTSMOUTH, FEB. 25.

The Thomas'Arbuthnot, freight-ship, which put back
to St. Helen's on Monday night, owing to small-pox
having broken out among the troops (head-quarters
of the 48th) on board, has been placed in quarantine to-
day at the Motherbank, and the best medical assistance
sent off to her.
The Agamemnon, 91, Captain Sir Thomas Maitland.
—There are so many of her sick at Haslar Hospital that
the doctors are quite short-handed. It appears that two
surgeons, Messrs. Sabine and Elliott, were ordered to
the hospital to assist in dispensing medicines, &c. Mr.
Sabine declined on account of his own bad state of health ;
the other gentleman is some miles away. We cannot
help thinking it rather infra dig. for surgeons to do
the duty of assistant-surgeons.
The London, 90, Captain George R. Mundy.—This
ship is still short. Give the able seamen better pay, let
the ordinary stay where it is, and there would be but little
occasion to send this noble two-decker to Plymouth to
pick up men. She will be no better off there than at
this port, Jack well understands his value at every
port in the kingdom, and money would be saved that is
now wasted in sending our ships and war-steamers
about ".men-begging:
The Duke of .Wellington, 131, Captain Henry Byain-
Martin C. 8., has -received on board to-day the upper
part of her funnel ; she has also received and stowed her
messenger, man-handled on board by her marines ; guys
are laid, and she hauls into dock to-morrow.
The Asia, 84, having undergone a most efficient re-
pair throughout, recoppered and payed over with Hay's
composition on the starboard side, and Peacock's on the
port, hauled out of dock this morning into the fitting
basin.
The Illustrious 72, block-ship, has had gangs of con-
victs engaged taking out the remainder of her ballast
and iron tanks, and will haul into No. 6 dock to-morrow
(Saturday) to be converted into a block-ship, not a steam-
ship.
The Victoria and Albert, Royal yacht, Captain Wil-
liam Crispin, will haul into No. 5 dock, on Monday
next, to have her copper cleaned and examined.
The caisson belonging to the north dock having under-
gone a thorough repair, was hauled out of No. 6 dock
to her proper position.
The Hecla, 6, steam-sloop; has had the painters over
the side to-day, and is ready for service.

PLYMOUTH, FEB. 25.

The bark Tartar, of this port, from the Mauritius,
Nov. 25, with 410 tons of sugar, arrived this afternoon.
Left at St. Helena, Jan. 1, the ship Owen Potter, from
the East Indies for Liverpool, and the bark Pantaloon,
from Algoa Bay for London. The bark Jane Prowse,
from the Mauritius, left Jan. 1. A two-topsail slave
schooner, prize .to the Waterwitch, had just arrived.
Feb. 9.—ln lat. 43 deg. 40 min. N., long. 18 deg. 22
min. W., sighted the Bride, of ,Gloucester, with loss of
bowsprit, topmasts, and foreyard,•steering S.E. Wind
N.W. Captain Rollings died on board, Feb. 3.
The screw steam guard-ship Hogue, 58, Captain
Ramsay, has been ordered to proceed from Devonport
to the Mediterranean.
The Queen, 116, Captain Mitchell, was paid wages
this day, and one portion of her crew are come on shore
on leave, according to the present regulations.
The Desperate, screw steam-frigate, Captain Cham-
bers, took in some victualling stores this morning for
Queenstown, and sailed at one p.m. for that port.
The Argus, 6, steam-sloop, Commander Purvis,
having filled up with coals, went out of harbour this
afternoon.
The Manceuvrer, lighter, Ross, sailed to-day with
stores for Chatham.

CHATHAM, FEB. 24.

Mr. George D. Skillett, second-class clerk in this
dockyard, has been superannuated on a pension of 2304.
per annum.
Mr. Sampson Seaton, third-class clerk, has been pro-
moted to the second-class, vice Skillet.
Mr. T. Brattle, extra clerk, has been appointed third-
class clerk, vice Seaton.
Anthony Bone, shipwright, has been superannuated
on a pension of 241. per annum.
Yesterday a mason employed by the contractor slipped
from some steps down which he was carrying a heavy
load, and fractured both bones of one of his legs. He
was immediately taken to Melville Hospital, where he
will remain until his cure is effected.

mlt. STANTON'S NAVAL
WAS REFORM BILL.
HINGTON, FEB. 8.

Mr. Stanton, chairman of the naval committee of the
house, has prepared a bill proposing a radical reorganisa-
tion of the navy, which, it is understood, meets the views
of a majority of the committee, and is intended to be
offered as a substitute for the Senate Bill. With a view
to get it before the house, Mr. Florence, at the request
of the committee, has twice attempted to introduce a
resolution making the Senate Bill the special order for
Saturday. Both attempts failed, rendering all action
upon naval affairs at this session very doubtful.
missions in the navy as soon as the act goes into effect
Mr. Stanton's substitute vacates and annuls all com-
-provides for the appointment, with the advice of the
Senate, of the following grades and numbers :-20 com-
modores, 50 captains, 60 commanders, 30 lieutenants,
250 midshipmen, 69 surgeons, 34 passed assistant-sur-
geons,• 45 assistant-surgeons, 64 pursers,
fi2orst asassisistant-
pursers, 1 chief engineer, 20 engineers, 25 stant
engineers, 30 second assistant engineers, 35 third assis-
tant engineers. Warrant officers as heretofore.
The President is required to communicate to Congress
at the commencement of the next session a plan for the
relief of meritorious officers dropped from the list by
virtue of this act.
The cadets to be admitted to- the Naval Academy at
no time to exceed 250—0n0 from each congressional dis-
trict, and the remainder at large.
The pay of commodores on duty, 4,000$ per annum ;
when not on duty, 3,000$ ; lieutenant commanders on
duty, I,Boos ; when not on duty, 1,500$ ; assistant sur-
geonS on duty, I,ooos ; when not on duty, 700$ ; the
pay of all other officers as at present.
The bill proposes to establish a bureau of service, with
a judge advocate, at a salary of 3,0005, and three clerks,
to take charge of all matters pertaining to the officers
and men. The chiefs of bureaus to be appointed from
any grade of officers, except the bureau of construction,
The
whichsalaries odfistmheiscshfireofms otfhbounraevayus
otro blue 30,
which is to be filled by a competent naval constructor.
sonookrloTughhe
at his discretion, every officer who, mayi become incom-
petentinm
theany otherservice. cause
All than
ofir
mo
tui
onsw unworthy,
incurredfrori promotionswounds to
'be according to merit, reference
of service, ability, character, &c.

law , from the want of roads and br es, and insufficieff
irrigation ; and from the want of a better provision for
the education of the people. They also desired a reduc-
tion of the public expenditure, and a form of government
more likely to be onducire to the happiness of the
people and the prosperity of the country. The petition
was signed by between 3,000 and 4,000 natives of great
respectability, and was extremely voluminous. They
complained, in the first instance, of the ryotwary system
under which the revenue was administered. That system
was principally established and greatly eulogised by Sir
Thomas Monroe, a great authority on all matters of ad-
ministration ; and although that system prospered under
his management, it was not likely to prosper under the
management of ordinary men. The petitioners also com-
plained of the want of irrigation and want of roads, and
stated that what had been done in that respect was
not well done, and that the resources of the country had
not been properly brought out. He thought it was
a scandal on the Government that the system of irri-
gation formerly established had not been maintained.
With respect to the roads, there were none but trunk
lines of communication between the distant and more
important parts of the country. But even these roads
were to the last degree neglected. They were rather
traced than made, and in many places they were most
inconvenient for want of bridges. In fact, on one road,
in the course of one year, he himself had ordered the
construction of not less than fifty bridges. The conse
quence of the want of roads was, that all the higher
articles of produce—cotton, for instance—were in-
creased in price in consequence of the difficulty of tran-
sit, and the superabundant produce of one part of the
country could not be conveniently brought to another.
He never at any time felt such a sentiment of disgust as
when, travelling from Gwalior to a distant part, he ob-
served the scandalous neglect of the roads and bridges.
He knew there was every disposition on the part of the
directors to confine the Governor-General to Calcutta,
where he could hear nothing but through the ears
of the secretaries and councillors by whom he was
surrounded, and see nothing but with their eyes.
He objected to the Governor-General living at Simla
or.on the confines of Tartary, and warned their lord-
ships against listening to any suggestion from the board
of directors as to the necessity of the GOvernor-
General being confined to Calcutta, where he could have
w
nmoe topportunityn os f
of ittens et
isns
gi n gt
hteh
virtue
working
o fm oe
men's
hs is ins
services,tur
of redressing inquiries on the spot, and ordering neces-
sary improvements. (Hear.) The petitioners went on
to say that the reason assigned for the want of sufficient
roads was the deficiency of the revenue of the country.
He did not consider that a sufficient reason, and was
satisfied that if the Government were to borrow money
at five per cent, for the purposes of irrigation and the
construction of roads, it would produce them at least
twenty or twenty-five per cent. Having touched upon
these points, the petitioners referred to the very defec-
tive state of education, and the small sums voted for that
purpose throughout their presidency. Sir Thomas
Monroe, in his evidence before a committee of the House
of _Commons a great many years Air?, stated that there
were native schools in every valve, "A Which reading,
writing, and arithmetic were taught, and in that re-
spect the people in that presidency were better educated
than the great majority of the people of this country.
But what the petitioners meant by education was
English education, which was office and influence, which
necessarily to a great extent must follow the acquisition
of the English language. The question of education was
one of the most important that could be brought under
the consideration of Parliament with reference to the
state of India and its government. If all the higher and
middle classes in India were instructed in the same man-
ner as similar classes in this country, it would be
impossible to maintain the dominion of England in that
country. The extension of knowledge in that country
as it was desired to extend it would be inconsistent with
British dominion ; and however he might be disposed to
do all that could be done for the people of India, he
was not prepared to do anything which could impair the
security of our possessions in that country. But there
were other material things to be considered in this re-
spect, now that the question of India was before Parlia-
ment. The persons educated generally throughout the
country, with the single exception, perhaps, of the pre-
sidential towns, were the sons of the lowest persons in
the community. The gentlemen of England would not send
their sons to the schools established there, any more
than their lordships would send their sons to the ragged
schools in this country. Besides, in India there was, to
a great extent, a strong feeling in favour of domestic
education, and it would be extremely difficult, even by
the establishment of a college to be altogether reserved
for the sons of persons of distinction, to induce them to
abandon these feelings in favour of domestic education.
On examining some of the schools, he was shocked to
see the manner in which education was prostitued.
The persons generally educated were the sons and re-
latives of natives—not the most respectable amongst the
natives—who were employed about the collectors ; and
a lower class of the community were thus educated in

hereditary succession to occupy the offices of the per-
sons who had the ear of the collectors. And then let
their lordships look at the system of education. He
recollected going into one school where he found a boy
spouting from Shakspeare, and enacting the part of
Brutus. That boy was the son of a coolie, doomed per-
haps to work hard for his living for three or four rupees
a month. How much better would it have been to have
taught him some useful art or science, in order to make
him a beneficial member of society. The petitioners
alluded to another most important subject—the admi-
nistration of justice. From the earliest period with
which he had been acquainted with any part of the ad-
ministration of India, he had felt the necessity of a very
great reform in the whole system of the administration
of justice through English gentlemen. The judicial
departments of the service in that country ought to be
separated from the revenue, and no person ought to be
allowed to exercise the functions of magistrate or judge
unless he possessed some knowledge of the laws he might
be called on to administer. The petitioners complained
of the evil arising from the absence of sound judicial
capacity in the presiding officers, particular in the lower
departments—of their not being acquainted with the
vernacular of the districts in which they were called
upon to exercise their functions—of their not having de-
voted their time to the study of jurisprudence. These
evils were greatly aggravated by the mode of appoint-
ment, and by the courts being in a state of perpetual
transition. The petitioners complained that persons were
occasionally appointed even to some of the highest sta-
tions on the judicial bench, without any knowledge
of the law. They mentioned the case of one man who
had never done a day's duty as a judicial officer, who
was made a civil judge, with unlimited jurisdiction. In
another instance they stated that an individual had been
appointed to act in the absence of the official, although
out of 22 years of civil service the person so appointed
had passed less than two years in a judicial life. Now,
how was it possible that justice could be well adminis-
tered, or that the people could have any confidence in
its administration, under such circumstances. The pe-
titioners likewise directed the attention of their lordships
to the appointment of assistants for life. These parties
had one or more divisions placed under their charge for
the purposes of collection, and in those divisions they
represented their superiors, and had to perform magis-
terial duties. The assistant was only enabled to execute
his functions by the aid of a moonshee ; and if any per-
son committed an error and was punished, it was not
the collector, but the moonshee. The petitioners pro-
ceeded to offer certain suggestions. The first sugges-
tion was one which had certainly very considerable plau-
sibility. If their lordships were prepared to grant to In-
dia any of the constitutional advantages which we pos-
sessed here, and which we desired generally to extend to
those countries which were under our protection, the pe-
titioners thought it most advisable, and indeed necessary,
that the executive should be separate from the legislative
body, and that the same council should not perform legis-
lative and executive duties. They further desired that
the two presidencies of Bombay and Madras should have
a limited controul over their own affairs. He must con-
fess that it had always appeared to him that it would be
of very great advantage to those who exercised legisla-
tive functions in India, if they had an opportunity of
material altera-
tion in t con-
sulting on all matters persons who possessed local expe-
rience and information. He did not say that he would
venture
natives with
Europeans, to associate,
legislative
r that he
body. li s einwtohe uldfimrate instance,
any
thought
it
wood
be
of
great practical advantage if the Government had the op-
portunity of consulting respectable men before proceed-

ing to legislate on matters relating to their religion and
their laws—laws which, in their opinion,. had a most
material effect on the prosperity of the community. He
therefore most deeply regretted that the Government had
not enjoyed an opportunity of having that consultation
before laws on these subjects were passed. The peti-
tioners were desirous that there should be in India a
commission of inquiry, partly composed of persons from
this country and partly selected there, who might have
before.them not only the grievances complained of in the
petition, but all the grievances which might hereafter be
brought forward; and they wished that the passing of
any act for the purpose of altering the Government,
should be suspended until the report of that commission
should be made. He could not go so far as the peti-
tioners in that respect, but with respect to the appoint-
ment of a commission he would venture to mention what
occurred to himself when be was President of the Board
of Control. It appeared to him, then, that it would he
extremely desirable to have a commission sent to
India for the purpose of making a financial investiga-
tion, with a view to consider whether great and useful
reductions might not be made in the public expendi-
ture. At that time the country was in a position of
great financial difficulty. Various reductions were made
at the time under the Duke of Wellington's Govern-
ment, which amounted to no less than 1,800,0001. But
the Duke of Wellington advised that no, such-commis-
sion should be sent out, and said it would be better to
leave the question to the local government, as a com-
mission sent out from this country would be a disparage-
ment of the local government to a great extent, and he
(the Earl of Ellenborough) willingly acceded to his
opinion. Another question for consideration might be,
whether, if no commission should be sent to India, it
would be expedient to pay the expenses of native wit-
nesses sent for examination here before the committee.
Ho thought that in the event of an inquiry beiux CO.w,
ducted in this country;lll6sTordsiiiiis would ziotbe able'
to come to a correct decision. He must confess he
thought that the petitioners were late in the field. Two
or three years ago they knew that this question would
come before Parliament, and he thought that they ought
to have presented their petition at an earlier period. At
the same time, there was no denying that the matters
which they touched upon were matters of the gravest
possible moment, and such as he thought it would be
highly advisable for their lordships to take into conside-
ration. Upon that and other grounds he confessed he was
most anxious that her Majesty's Government should take
some steps in the matter. He had stated in his evidence
before the committee of the House of Commons his be-
lief that it would be expedient to prolong the present
state of things for one or two years. Her Majesty's Govern-
ment were new in office. It was a Government diffe-
rently composed from any which we had had for a con-
siderable period of time, and the gentleman at the head
of the Board of Control knew nothing whatever on the
subject of Indian affairs. He would not say anything
of the radical elements which had been infused into the
composition of the Government, and he did not profess
any great extent of confidence in the measures which
they might propose, but at the same time he said with
perfect frankness and sincerity that he had much, better
hopes of her Majesty's present Government on the sub-
ject of India than he had of the late Government, or the
Government which preceded it. Their lordships were
aware that the result of the mode in which the court of
directors were elected was not the appointment of the
fittest or ablest men, but, almost without exception, of
men of the most ordinary stamp. What he asked from
the Government for India was, either that they would
so reform the constituency as to insure the best!chance
of their electing the most able men, and the best ac-
quainted with the departments and presidencies of India,
or that such persons should be selected by a different
arrangement, such as the nomination of the Crown in
conjunction with the Governor-General of India. That
would be the best security that could be given for im-
proved government in India, because the Minister of In-
dia in this country would then have the assistance of
able and competent men, whose advice would carry
authority with it. If this were done, there would be no

more complaints such as those which were contained in

the petition which he had presented. Having done his
duty by presenting that petition, it only remained for
him to ask whether it was the intention of her Majesty's
Government to introduce any measure for the future
Government of India during the present session.

The Earl of ABERDEEN said that the subject had
been fully considered by the Government, and after
much deliberation they had come to the conclusion that
it was their duty to propose a measure for the future
government of India during the present session. He
was unable, therefore, to acquiesce in the desire ex-
pressed by his noble friend, to postpone legislation for a
time. He would not say to what extent the duration of
the form of government which her Majesty's Ministers
proposed to establish might be prolonged, but he must
say that they felt bound to reject the proposal made by
his noble friend for the introduction of a continuing act
for one or two years. Further than that he was not
prepared at this time to say anything, nor would he say
more than that the measure which Majesty's Go-
vernment would have to propose, although embracing
modifications in the government, both with respect to
this country and India, would be founded on the exist-
ing
system of government. The committee now in
action will still continue their inquiries, and those griev-
ances which required legislative interference here would
be redressed in that mode, but most of thOse which had
been recapitulated, as it appeared to him, would be more
properly left for the action of the local government. All
those remedies which required legislative action would
naturally be adopted when the committee should have
made their report. At present the committee of both

houses 'had only finally concluded that branch of
in-
quiry which was connected with the administration of
the government, and upon that her Majesty's Ministers
were fully prepared to legislate.

The Duke of ARGYLL did not know whether many
of their lordships had had an opportunity of examining
the petition which had been presented by the noble earl,
but as it was possible that some of them had not, he was
anxious to direct their attention to a few points in the
petition which he thought deserving of notice, because
the noble earl had given an account of it which was
sufficient for his
,own purpose, but not for all purposes.
The noble earl had laid this petition on the table of the
house in connection with a question which he put to her
Majesty's Government respecting what was commonly
called the renewal of the East India Company's charter.

He did not think, however, that the noble earl had
brought forward those parts of the petition which most
bore upon this subject. The petitioners complained of
various grievances connected with the presidency from
which the petition came, and they said that they had
brought it forward because they wished to avail them-
selves of the Parliamentary investigation into the go-
vernment of British India. It was clear that with regard to
internal matters this statement of their grievances might
have been brought forward at any time ; but it struck
him that the expectation that it would be brought under
the consideration of Parliament had exercised an influ-
ence upon the tone and matter of the petition. They
said :—" Your petitioners submit that it is the bounden.
duty of the State which reduces them to their miserable
condition, and keeps them in. it from charter to char-
ter, to spend a Tar larger portion of the re-
venues upon the improvements of the country
whence they are derived than it does at pre-
sent. It can find money to carry on wars for self-
aggrandisement, to allow immoderate salaries to its civil
service, to pension off the whole of its members'at 5001.
a-year each, and to pay interest at 10 per cent. to the
proprietors of East India stock—all from the labour of
the ryot ; and if he requires roads, by which he might
find the means of bettering his condition, and that of the
revenue, he is told that he must make them for himself."
Then, with regard to the Church establishment. It had
been the desire of the Christian population in India that
some little addition should be made to the number of
Christian clergy, for the sake of the Europeans resident
in that country. But the petitioners said, " They admit
the propriety of military chaplains for the European
troops, but repudiate the injustice of the people of this
country being compelled to support a couple of State
establishments for a mere handful of foreigners, profess-
ing a foreign creed." These were hardly the terms in
which the Church establishment should be spoken of by
petitioners addressing their lordships' house. The peti-
tioners also expressed their desire that the College at
Haileybury should be abolished. They said that the
money which was raised in India should be spent in India,
and that whatever education was necessary to enable-
Englishmen to fill Indian appointments should be given
in India alone. A request more perfectly monstrous
was never addressed to either house of Parliament.
Many other requests were contained in the petition,
which were expressed in language equally inde-
corous. They.ended by requiring that a mixed com-
mission might be instituted in India, for the purpose of
inquiring into all their grievances, before Parliament
proceeded to legislate. Now, so far as his humble voice
went, he had no doubt that it was the duty of the ad-
ministration to legislate at once, and not to encourage
agitation by establishing a merely provisional govern-
ment. The noble earl would not suppose that, in con-
sequence of his (the Duke of Argyll's) having had the
advantage of sitting one session as a member of the com-
mittee on the affairs of India, he considered himself
competent to debate with him on the details of Indian
government. But if there was one thing more true
than another, he believed it would be infinitely better to
make any change, however violent, in the government
of India, and to decide upon it at once, than to have
that great empire under a provisional government,
thereby giving encouragement to all sorts of agitation.
The Earl of ELLENBOROUGH• defended himself
from the charge of slurring over the statements con-
tained in the petition, which comprised 41 closely
written pages, and' which would take any gentleman
three hours' hard reading to get through. It was not
his business to answer the petition which he presented,
but he bad brought before their lordships what he con-
sidered the most important statements.
After some observations by the Marquis of CLANRI-
CARDE and Lord CAXPIIELL, the conversation terminated,
and the petition, on the motion of the Earl of ELLEN-
BOROUGH, was ordered to be referred to the Committee
on Indian Affairs.
Their lordships then adjourned.