The Sun.
London, England, 1854-09-04 00:00:00

c-~' ~'U

, (,•(--c, •=- - -c,' _ ,
. ----'.
. .
... ,
. . ,
, ....
•
-
..... ..„.
.If-P,'7.'4' t
fliai, ei,ssl- • ,:-
.1 1 ~....,- ,4f, '' -' 'lB -,,..„--.-p,,_„,...•.,•:,-..,„,,,, 1- ) i
.....t. ~,.
• ~, \
•.r.i ' .:,-
,
m, r k : 'A .1 y A
1 ';,. . .
t
~,
~,... -.„. .. . • ~,, ,
~,...,
.„
, „ .•,,, -_,,X....,,, -----') 1
.'-''t' S V. ' ,k. 41../ c•i' • ~,' .. , 4111 (9)
OK-:c.;,,. •
_, , , -,...„ *.ter.:141,9s 0, ,' - ..S. • • • AL 4.?"'
''' •' ' . 1 " 4111111 re '
y«, k,l 7.4 / -1- 4, • ' kii•,••-
..., .
•• .., .),!. i'
- / cfie-,_ oat•••• .., 2, ?,.,,-,-. y;' x u f •, ~ - aßorr.;,-,- cla ckz..:l
_
-
- /EU
_......
s'74,,,vis .: ~,,,. ....t.,• j ••(..
.4.---
.___
•

LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBEIt 4, 1854.

which has detained her so long on the passage. We un-
derstand this is the ship which was reported some little
time back as laden with timber from Memel, for the use of
her Majesty's dockyard, Sheerness.

morrow ; where, I do not know, but we rather expect
to a place called Randalax, where I believe there are
some large forts. I hope we shall, as I want to have
something to do, instead of having to come home and
say that we have done nothing. On Monday, July 18,
wo sent 10 seamen and 10 marines, with some officers,
to the Brisk, and 10 seamen and 10 marines to the
Miranda, and the captain went on board the Brisk. As
soon as the captain got on board the two steamers got
under way, and went towards a place called Saalretski,
which is strongly fortified ; this they bombarded ; they
commenced firing at S a.m., and finished as-, 4 p.m. ; but,
as the walls were 10 feet thick, they could not make very
much impression on them, so they left it and went to Borne
other places, and the last one they went to they burnt, and
took ever so many cows, calves, sheep,&c., and brought
them on board the ships. We are going to have our
' first veal dinner to-day since I left England. We have
been living on fresh salmon for the last five or six days
certainly, but we have not had any fresh mutton or any-
thing of that sort. The Brisk came back the day before
yesterday, and the Miranda anchored yesterday, but in
the evening she left again, and went out cruising so as
to burn some of her coal, and to be able to fill up again
with some coal brought from England by a collier for
the steamers. The collier is almost empty now, having
filled up the Brisk and Miranda once before, and, having
about 100 tons over, and wanting to get rid of it, the
Miranda has gone out to spend some of hers, and then
fill up with what remains in the collier.
ur pinnace
and that of the Brisk are ballasting the coal brig with
stones, &c., and they continue going to and from the
brig all te day long, except when they are having
dinner."

THE PRISON" SHIPS.
The arrival of the Hannibal, Algiers, and Dauntless with
the British portion of the prisonerbof war taken at Bomar-
suud has been hourly expected during the last three days
at Sheerness, but they have not yet made their appearance.
Besides
atshoprißseonnbsoi:ipvs, and Devonshire, the Black Prince,
the Poictiers, and the Wellington, have been commissioned
to servo
ample accommodation
for
rhtoho p
ughtliteenttwboaformer will supply
The Comniancler-in-Chief on Fridey last visited the
Devonshire'and 'Benbew%to insiticct thein previous to the
•
arrival of the prisoneri front the 'Aland Islands. Tho gal-
lant Admiral went minutely through, every department,
and his inquiries were most particulai- as to the arrange-
ments made for the comfort of the prisoners.
The Benbow has been fitted and victualled under the
superintendence, of the commander and officers of the
Devonshire. The guards on board the Devonshire have
their arms and clothing served out. They are supplied with
rifles and two suits of clothing of very neat and soldierlike
design. The senior sergeants are to have 3s. 6d. per day,
junior serjeants 35., corporals 2s. 6d., and privates 2s. per
day, added to their pensions, and they are to receive
their pay monthly. This arrangement has given very great
satisfaction to them, as most of them when called on to
serve were obtaining from its. to 21s. per week.
The barrack prison at Milbay is ordered to be prepared
for the reception of Russian prisoners.

ABSOLUTE _REJECTION BY _RUSSIA-UP
THE VIENNA .NOTE.

THE NEW STEAM-SHIP CONQUEROR.
In No. 5 slip, Devonport Dockyard, the orlop deck beams
of the screw steam-ship Conqueror, 120, are in their place,
an it io'intended that she shall b© launched early next
year. In No. 3 slip the blocks are laid for the frigate Liffey.

The absolute rejection by Russia of the four guarantees
required by Austria and the Western Powers will con-
siderably simplify the relations of the leading States of
Europe, both with the Cabinet of St. Petersburg and
with each other. In partinnlnr, the policy of the Court
of Vienna must henceforth be identified with that of
England and France ; for, in the note of the Bth ult.,
Count Buol declared that his Government would not
treat except upon the basis of the four demands which
Prince Gortschakoff, as we learn from the despatches
we elsewhere publiele, has now announced that his mas-
ter unconditional' rejects. Whatever reliance may
have been originally felt at Vienna upon the moderation
and magnanimity of the Czar, is now decisively shown
to have been without foundation. There have unques-
tionably been passages in the former intercourse of the
two Empires which gave Austria some reason to hope
that her wishes and intentions would not be altogether
disregarded ; but all such delusions are now finally dis-
pelled, and the Emperor Francis Joseph must, however
reluctantly, conclude that the securities essential to the
tranquillity of Europe can only be exacted at the price
of an arduous and costly war. It was, on all accounts,
most desirable for Austria to preserve peace ; but, hav-
ing fruitlessly exhausted every effort for that purpose,
she has now no safe or honourable alternative but to
compel by arms the adoption cf those principles which
she has in vain solicited Russia peacefully to accept.
It may be well, in order to provide againt disap-
pointment, to anticipate the probability of a protracted
struggle before the power of the enemy can be so far
broken as to enforce his acquiescence in terms by. which
the peace of Europe may be permanently guaranteed.
While, however, a prolonged conflict may be requisite
to extort the concurrence of the Czar in a just and
honourable pacification, it will not be impossible to give
immediate effect to the four important principles agreed
to at Vienna, independently of his assent or refusal.
For example, it has been declared by England, France,
and Austria to be an indispensable condition of peace
that the protectorate hitherto exercised by Russia over
Wallachia, Moldavia, and Servia shall be discontinued,
and that the privileges accorded by the Porte to those
provinces shall be placed under the protection of the
leading powers. The Emperor Nicholas refuses to adopt
this basis of negotiation, and if he is resolved on an ob-
stinate resistance it may undoubtedly be a work of time
and difficulty to compel his formal adhesion to it. But
what, after all, does it matter whether the Cabinet of
St. Petersburg will, or will not, declare its theoretical
acceptance of a principle which we know it could not
be trusted to observe in practice ? The capital of Wal-
lachia will forthwith be occupied by Austrian troops,
who are now within the distance of a march or two
from that place ; and, as Russia has at last thrown
off all disguise, and, as the Court of Vienna has
no longer any object to attain by avoiding a col-
lision with her troops, we may expect that an
Austrian force will at once descend into North Moldavia
to accelerate the departure of the invaders, and
to prevent their return. In the meanwhile, if it be
really their purpose to retain their position on the Lower
Sereth and the Danube, Omer Pacha and his victorious
army will doubtless be prepared to make a vigorous effort
to expel them. By the exertions of the Ottomans—
aided, perhaps, by a diversion of the Western Allies in
the enemy's rear—we do not doubt that the Principali-
ties will be cleared of, the Russians before the cicso of
the. present campaign ; and it is certain that the same
force which will have proved strong enough to eject
them will be equally competent to prevent any fresh
aggression. The first of the four principles laid down by
the allies will, therefore, be practically asserted by the
presence, in the Danubian provinces, of Austrian and
Turkish troops in sufficient strength to preclude the possi-
bility of a renewed invasion. We do not see that any
security could have been exacted from Russia which
would have made it prudent to withdraw the forces of
the two allied powers ; and, on the other hand, by main-
taining a powerful Austro-Turkish army in the princi-
palities, it becomes very immaterial whether any further
security be obtained or not.
Again, it is declared, by the notes exchanged at Vienna
on the Bth ult., that the navigation of the Danube at its
mouths must be freed from all obstruction. If, however,
this second principle were merely to be recognised by
treaty, it would be silently abrogated by Russia as soon
as the close of the war should have broken up the
combination against her. It does not seem possible
to devise any satisfactory security for the freedom of
the Danube short of depriving the Czar of his terri-
tory on the northern bank. This result the confederate
Powers are perfectly able to accomplish ; and when they
are once in possession of the district in question, it will '
not be difficult for them to maintain it, if, instead of
trusting to the professions of Russia, they rely on the
constant presence of a military and naval force. V Nor is
it in any degree more important whether the third and
fourth conditions specified in the Note be, or be not,
conceded by the Czar. The treaties under which Russia
claimed a privileged position in the Black Sea, and an
official protectorate over the Christian subjects of the
Porte, have been extinguished by the war, and must
never be revived. •We may at last feel assured that the
fortune of war will not turn so far against the Ottomans
as to oblige them to consent to a renewal of these tree.,
ties ; and the claim which the Court of St. Petersburg
has founded on them may, therefore, be considered as
belonging entirely to history. 'Whatever arrangements
may be thought expedient for the security of Constan-
tinople will, of course, be made by agreement among the
confederate Powers. On these arrangements Russia
will not be consulted ; and, by the destruction of her
maritime ascendancy in the Black Sea she will be de-
prived of the power of interfering with them.
Although, therefore, it is difficult to foresee how long
the enemy may withhold his assent to the four principles
of the Note, their practical enforcement may be looked
for at no very distant time. When the armies of
the Czar shall have been driven from Moldavia and
from the Lower Danube, and when the Crimea shall have
been conquered, and the remaining Russian garrisons en
the Circassian coast reduced, the allies will be in a posi-
tion to consult their own convenience as to the continued
prosecution of offensive operations. It may probably be
advisable to carry the war considerably further into the
enemy's dominions ; but should such a course be deemed
inexpedient, it might be sufficient, after attaining the
results we have indicated, to secure the safety of the
conquered territory, and to maintain a strict blockade
of the Russian coasts. Such a system of hostility would
cost the allied powers far less than their antagonist, and
they might safely persevere until the lapse of time, or
'some change in the direction of affairs, should have
brought more moderate counsels into favour at St.
Petersburg. It may be hoped, therefore, that, in any
case, the war will, at an early period, cease to affect
seriously the general course of affairs in Europe. Rus-
sia has long aspired, though on somewhat slender
grounds, to rank as one of the great civilised powers of
the world ; but she must henceforth return into the cate-
gory of barbarian States, and her incursions must be
restrained by the constant presence of an army, just as
the Romans guarded the Danube, or as we now defend
the north-west frontier of our Indian empire. The
peace and prosperity of Europe do not depend on the
moderation and equity of the Emperor Nicholas, but
on the unanimity and co-operation of the powers whom
his ambition has aroused to arms. The attainment of
the objects of the war will, no doubt, be very greatly
facilitated by the accession of Austria to the common
cause, and we most cordially hail the closer union of
such an ally with Turkey and the Western Powers.
But it is satisfactory to feel assured that, even without
her aid, England and France are able, if necessary, to
obtain by their own strength the conditions requisite
for the tranquillity of Europe. The Western Powers
have as yet scarcely learned to realise the vast resources
at their disposal ; but enough has been done to show
beyond all question that the allied fleets and armies
are capable of coedial and energetic'co-operation, and
even if this should be the only result achieved in the first
campaign, there would be little reason for dissatisfaction.
That the most intimate union prevails between England
and France has been proved at Bomarsund, and, under
exceedingly trying circumstances, at Varna; and the
same truth will be still more decisively declared '
by the grand demonstration about to be made at Bou-
logne. The peaceful invasion of the shores of our ally by
Prince Albert and his detachment of Horse Guards, and
the eager and hearty welcome which the hospitality of
Napoleon 111. and his people will accord to the Consort
of the Queen, will afford a signal illustration of that
firm and cordial alliance between the two great nations
of the west, which common perils and common duties
have so powerfully cemented. We shall certainly be
curious to see whether the ingenuity of the official jour-
/lab of St. Peteroburg will ittowpt to Waist ;utter f
.
or

STEAMERS IN COMMISSION. '-
The total number of screw and paddlewheel steam-ships
now in commission in her Majesty's service is 143; of sail-
ing vessels, 108—making a total of 251.

MAIL FOR THE BALTIC.
The mail for the Baltic fleet will be made up and for-
warded, via Belgium and Dantzic, to-morrow evening. The
postage must be paid in advance.

A letter received at Plymouth from the Dido, 18, Capt.
Illoorshead, dated Panama, my 30, says---" We have
lately arrived here with a freight of 600,000 dols. All is
landed here excepting 130,000 dols. for England, by the
Horn." The Dido does not return home for the present.
She sails for Valparaiso.

'" -