The Sun.
London, England, 1854-06-30 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY, JIINR 30, 1854.

Mr. HEYWOOD'S clause has been carried by a
very decisive majority. Ministers have yielded
gracefully to the clearly expressed feeling of a
majority of the independent representatives of
the people ; and the House which deliberately de-
cided that the academic portal should be thrown
open to Dissenters, has refused to stultify itself
by prohibiting any collegiate recognition or testi-
monial of the education that may be obtained by
the new students. We heartily rejoice at this
auspicious result ; and we do so more for the sake
of the members of the Church of England them-
selves even than of those who are at length ad-
mitted to the advantages of an Oxford education,
although still debarred from the substantial re-
wards attached to literary or scientific excellence
in the members of the favoured creed. It is less
disgraceful to be the victims than the perpetrators
of injustice, to be the sufferers rather than the
oppressors. And those who have seen an-
(Alter intolerant restriction, for which they
might be considered responsible, struck away, have
greater cause for self-gratulation than the parties
who have at length, even at the eleventh hour,
been liberated from these unjustifiable bonds.
• We know not whether many members of the
bissenting body may desire to avail themselves of
t 21.5 advantages thus tendered for their acceptance.
4e toilies of which they are members have con-
-triv.d to
get on very creditably and very pre-
sneroust
1Y notwithstanding the exclusion. They
.have sue,,eded .
In the Senate and at the Bar.
They have attained the highest distinctions in the
practice of medicine
awl surgery ; while the naval
and military annals it, he United Kingdom have
proved that some of
g
our most allantdefenders
by land and by water, hay, ,
not been worshippers
in the Church by law estaLlislied. Nor would
their swords have been drawn
in defence of
their father land, nor their lives" freely and
willingly exposed to all the vicissitudes. and
fa
perils of the battle and the breeze--iefx aloitl
ing their signatures to the 39 Articles
were
an
indispensable preliminary to their daring p
They have prospered, and are prospering, without
an Oxford education, and even in divinity itself
great eminence has been attained by faithful and
. conscientious Ministers Of the Gospel, although
non-subscribers of " the Articles." They have

held their ranks in " the battle of life," although

not fighting under an Ecclesiastical standard, nor
honoured with the degrees of the ancient univer-
sities. They have been bold rivals, and in many
instanse3 successful competitors with those who
had free access to these zealously guarded seats
:of learning.
The exclusion was, however, prejudicial to all,
in one important particular, clearly and eloquently
explained by Sir JOHN RA MSDEN, in his admirable
speech.. It prevented that associati( n in early
years calculated beyond all things to rub
off the rusts of bigotry and prejudice from the
minds of those thus thrown together, of those who
might learn a just estimation of each other from
their very contests as well as from their friendly

emulation, as from the participation in social en-
joyments. As the Hon. Baronet truly remarked,
" Such an union in education might do very much
to engender mutual respect, and often attachment
between parties who are now but too much trained
in mutual antagonism." We are fortunately not
restricted to theory on this matter. We have the
benefit of the experience derived from Trinity
College, Dublin, during a long succession of years
—for, in this respect, " the Silent Sister" long
since set a laudable example to the English Uni-
versities. Protestant Dissenters and Roman Ca-
tholics were willingly received in Trinity
Col lego, Dublin. Nay, more, were allowed
by their talents :to achieve the highest
honours, not carrying with them emoluments
or a position in the government of the Univer-
sity. Many well-known names might be cited as
having gained the greatest distinctions of their
respective years. Among them we may notice those
of Chief Justice MONAHAN, of Master (in Chan-
cery) MURPHY, and Mr. Sergeant O'BRIEN, of
Mr. COMMLSiioller MURPHY, Mr. MORGAN JOHN
O'CONNELL, and the Solicitor-General for Ireland ;
and we may say
they won of each of these gentlemen, that
golden opinions from all their competi-
tors, and formed permanent friendships useful to
themselves, but far more beneficial to those who
learned to appreciate the worth of men, from
whom they might otherwise have kept aloof. We
know of at least one instance of a person
who, although a hereditary Orangeman, a thorough-
going Tory, was won round to liberality by his
acquaintanceship with some of the Gentlemen above
referred to—an acquaintanceship that constituted
his pride and happiness in after years.
We rejoice, then, sincerely and fervently re-
joice, at the result of last night's division at the
decisive majority of 154, which will carry the
question to the Upper House under circumstances
that ought to, and we trust will, be sufficient to
insure its success, and to render the clause part
and parcel of the law of the land.

The Honourable and Learned Gentleman -the
member for Plymouth has already achieved a high
position amongst Legal Reformers. To his inde-
fatigable researches, and the clear and lucid man-
ner in which he placed the results thereof before
Parliament, we may in a great degree attribute
the decisive measure now before the Legislature
for abolishing the testamentary jurisdiction of the
Ecclesiastical Courts.

He has once more rendered an equally impor-
tant service, by so clearly expcsing the abuses
arising from the existing law of partnership that
he obtained the almost unanimous concurrence of
the House, receiving such assurances from the
Attorney-General and the Home Secretary that
there is every reason to anticipate that the matter
will be taken up by the Government, and that an
adequate remedy will speedily be provided fur the
evils so loudly and so justly complained of. This
unanimity was the more striking, as it was in
opposition to the report signed by the majority of
the Commissioners to whom the subject had been
referred—men of high position and great abilities.
The views of the minority were, however, so
much more in accordance with those of the indus-
trial community, and with the weight of evidence
brought forward in the course of the investigation,
that few who examined the question calmly and
impartially could dissent therefrom, or impugn
the arguments on which they were founded.
Many years since we directed public attention
to the topic, as one in which the commercial in-
terests of the country were deeply involved ; and
we rej 'ice to find that the progress of events and
the additional enlightenment of the age have
brought an overwhelming majority of the people
to support the opinions to which we then gave
expression. Nor is it surprising that it- should
be so. Now that the doctrines of free trade have
received a legislative and national recognition—
that the advantages of " unrestricted competition"
are acknowledged by men of all classes and parties
—that a general desire is expressed to connect
more closely labour and capital—it would be im-
possible to sustain a system which fosters mono-
polies, by preventing any persons from engaging
in a concern for which they are not prepared to
become liable, not only to the full extent of their
property, but also with the liberty of their per-
sons—which prevents intelliguit but poor men
from receiving the support which would otherwise
be freely accorded by friends and neighbours,
who, although willing to stake a stipulated stun,
would not engage in so desperate a game as be-
coming responsible to the extent of their entire
possessions, and which also prohibits industrious
operatives from acquiring any interest in the firms
in which they are engaged beyond the extent of
their daily or weekly wages.
The objectionable system did not arise from any
express decision of the Legislature ; it sprung up
by degrees from a series of decisions that ren-
dered any person who consented to participate in
any degree, however triffing, in the profits of a
concern liable as a partner for all its debts and
liabilities—liabilities which might be incurred
without the knowledge and by means wholly
beyond the control of these parties. it is need-
less to state the consequences that naturally
resulted from this narrow acid exclusive system.
As we have stated, "it operated as a virtual pro-
hibition to parties obtaining the necessary funds
except in the way of loans, bearing a fixed jute-
rest and payable at a certain time." In anything
of a novel character, such as an invention, the effi-
cacy of which had not been tested by experience, and
where there was a certain risk -attending its prose-
cution, no rate of interest that could be demanded
would act as an inducement to capitalists while they
were excluded from obtaining a share in the pro-
fits, with which they might be Contented. The
melancholy fate of many men of genius and abi-
qty, who, in place of realising fortunes, have
languished in debtors' prisons; although fortunes
have been realised from the fruits of their inge-
nuity, has mainly arisen from this cause.
" They manage these things better in France."
Aye, and in Italy, in Germany, Holland, and the
United States of America ; indeed, in every coun-
try in the world. We have perversely lagged be-
hind, while others have a,s,certaiu.ed beyond the
possibility of doubt the beneficial results of limited
liability. The public gain by it, because it stimu-
lates competition, and prevents anything approach-
ing to monopoly. The traders and merchants
—borrowers of every kind—profit by it, because
they ate not limited to a single source from whence
to draw the necessary supplies. The only re-
maining class ate capitalists and we are con-
vinced that they would be the greatest gainers of
any ; for they would find new channels for in-
vestment—channels, in many instances, leading
to fortune ; while even in the old beaten track,
it would not stop credit, but only lead to whole-
some caution in quarters where the limitation was
specified. In every respect, then, we agree with
Mr. COLLIER in his opinion that, "the existing
law of Partnership is unsatisfactory, and that it
should be so far modified as to permit persons to
contribute tii the capital of such concerns on
terms of sharing their profits, without incurring
liability beyond a limited amount."

The Duchess of Buceletich, who has been for some
time an invalid, is, we are happy to state, convalescent.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Exeter arrived in
Grosvenor-square yesterday, from Dover, where his lord-
sothiiipoupersoseeuendhecelr on the
frprevious day to meet the mar-
ng some days erris,sownh, eLreorsdheßhraodwntewn
on a visit to toPha
aCtiiiiil;
Rwotizeirt. suffering from very ill health.
THE Pacirrc.
in Geimany. Peel has left Whitehall-gardens, on a tour
usualeceived t advices from the Pacific ports.
donne; a violent storm in the harbour 15th May state that,
of that month, three ships were on the sth and 6th
shore, and 10 'limn i-ted or otheers.bvt'ink, eight driven on
the latter were six British vesselsl.Be4.ll;jured' Among
was estimated at $150,000. A Coo;re. damage done
formed in Valparaiso pn-paratory to thisittee had been
of a hank of deposit and discount. In.
vaeistahlishment
artaiso mar-
ket fair average sales had been made. Guayaquil,
Mexico, Bolivia, S:e. Auction sales of imported goofs
hand been pretty freqtnnt, arid the prices generally good.
Flour dul. Copper iii steady demand. at .: 20 75c.
Nitrate, 21 to 24 reals per rpuntal In freizhtt, cord
first class vesst-ls for ore to England and the United
States were wanted. Nearly 2,000 tons of chipping
had arrived in ballast from Melbourne. The revolution
in New Granada was gaining ground.

• 7

THE SUN, LONDON, ritIDAY.

LAW INTELLIGENCE-(THIS DAY).

The sittings after Term in the City commenced this
morning at Guildhall. The list is a very heavy one,
their being 142 causes f.r trial in the Queen's Bench,
120 in the Common Pleas, and 170 in the Exchequer,
and a great number of these are Special Jury cases.

COURT OF EXCHEQUER.
(Before Baron Martin.)
HALL V. FRIEND.

This was an action to recover the value ,of a mare
which had been killed through the 'negligence of the
defendant's servant.

Mr. Duncan was for the plaintiff, and Mr. Montagu
Chambers and Mr. Mills for the defendant.

The p'aintiff in this case is a brick maker, and the de
fodants are Messrs. Friend and Hammill, the great
contractors. Upon one day in March last two of the
plaintiff's carmen were driving a load of bricks, with
two horses, up Haverstock-hill, and the defendants'
servants were behind with a loaded cart, drawn by three
horses. One side of the road having been fresh laid with
granite. both parties were keeping upon the soft part,
and defendants' team, which was at first behind, drew
past plaintiffs' and drove them on to the granite, and
the mare in question, being tender of foot, would not
keep there,. and, consequently, came in contact with
the wheel of defendants' cart, which passed over the
foot, and broke it so that she was compelled to be de-
stroyed. She had cost 201. in November last.
The jury found for the plaintiff, damages 201.

TREMENDOUS CONFLAGIUATION-(THIS
DAY).

One of the most extensive fires-that has occurred in
the neighbourhood of Tooley-street broke out this morn-
ing shortly before one o'clock, and at half-past ten
o'clock it was far from being entirely extinguished.
The damage already done is estimated at 10,0001. The
premises in which the dis aster occurred belonged to
Messrs. F. and W. Spencers, wharfingers, 76, Free-
school-street, Horselydown, and they were occupied con-
jointly by Mr. John Springett, the extensive hop mer-
chant, and Mr. R. Tooth, hop merchant, of Mincing-
lane. The discovery was jnatle.bxsome one passing the
premises, whose attention- *as called to dense vo-
lumes of smoke pouring forth from the basement
warehouse of Messrs. F. and W. Spencer. He gave the
alarm to the Fire Brigade Station, Tooley-street. By
the time the engines arrived the premises were in one
mass of flames. Fortunately an abundant supply of
water was procured, and:the engines were set, to work,
but the flames speedily communicated to Mr. Springett's
and Mr. R. Tooth's. The scene at this period was one
of fearful grandeur, and illuminated the whole of the
metropolis. The burning flakes drifted towards the
wlrtrfs and endangered them.
On the part of the firemen, under the direction of Mr.
James Braidwood, the fire was subdued, but not until it
damaged the premiseS of Mr. Wright, 22, Fair-street.;
Mr. Joseph Peake,. auctioneer and builder ; Mr. Lester,
private ; and Mrs. Mary Roach.
The following is Mr. James Braidwood's official re-
port : - Half-past 12 a.m. Called to Messrs. Spencer,
wharfingers, Horsltydown, property belonging to St.
Olave's Grammer School, cause unknown (insurance un-
known, (building, Sun), contents destroyed, ground
floor, Mr. John Springett, hop merchant, destroyed ;
second floor; Mr. R. Tooth, third floor, hop merchant,
destroyed ; No. 22, Fair-street, C. Wright, private,
damaged ; Mr. R. Peake, builder, severely scorched,
building and contents (Phoenix) ; Mr. Lester, private,
furniture damaged, not insured—building (Phoenix) ;
Mrs. M. Roach, granary (Phoenix). No positive clue
can be obtained as to the origin of the outbreak.

THE TIMES TELEGR4PHS AND TEE
. STOCK EXCHANGE.

' On Monday last the Times informed its readers, upon
the authority of a telegraph from Vienna,• that Russia
had replied to the Austrian note. The terms of the reply
were stated to be that—" As a mark of high considera-
tion for Austria, Russia consents to evacuate the Turkish
territories." This proves to have no foundation in fact.
Lor I John Russell, last night. said that the last time he
saw the Austrian Minister that functionary had told him
that no answer had been received from Vienna. The
report is evidently another Times canard. The ques-
tion arises, how is it that the Times is continually lead-
ing its readers into errors of a similar nature ? How is it
that rumours make their appearance in the Times which
no other paper would insert ? Strange enough
many. of these veracious telegraphic despatches
have been of a nature to operate upon the
funds, effecting a rise of from one to two per cent.
Has not the public a right to expect a little more care
from the conductors of a journal than is evinced by the
continued insertion of such reports ? .The duties of a
journalist, it may be admitted, are more onerous now
than formerly. His work is never finished. In the
olden times the last four-horse mail brought the latest
news ; now a telegraphic despatch may arrive at any
hour of the day or night. But the greater the number
of messages the more is it necesury to test their accu-
racy, lest the public should be deceived. The least that
can be expected from a journalist is that he shall exercise
a sound judgment upon rumours the spread. of which may
produce a serious effect upon public business. Unless
this is done people will', at last be led to suspect that
so:nethilig more tluin carelessness lies at the bottom of
mistakes which are constantly being committed, and arc
never explained.—/Daily Sews,

CO WEB, ISLE OF WlGHT.—fitne 29.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON INTELLIGENCE

ARRIVALS.--June 23. Cygnet, cutter, Hed worth
Lainhton, Esq., from Ryde ; Enchant-, ess, schooner, Sir
Thomas Whichnote, Bart., Lyn►ington ; 26. Shark, do.,
Win. Curling, Esq., Raingate, and proceeded for Poole;
28. Ginevra, do., Sir Percy Shelley, Bart., Westward,
Poole ; 29. Dryad, cutter, Earl of Cardigan, Lyming-
ton.

The Duke of Rutland arrived in the Resolution this
afternoon from Southampton.
YACHTS AT AND ABOUT THE STATION.—AIarm, Reso-
lution, Coral Queen, Titania, Enchantress, Cygnet,
Osprey, Frisk, Spider, Turquoise, Amazon, Susan,
Uinevra, Dryad.
FITTING OUT IN COWES HARBOUR.—Zara, schooner,
Commander Earl of Wilton ; Fairy, schooner ; Irene,
schooner ; Caprici, yawl ; Lavrock, cutter.
On the 28th instant, at 12 o'clock, a Royal salute was
fired from the R. Y. S. -battery, in honour of her Ma-
jesty's Coronation-day, .and the Royal Standard flying.
MEMBERS AT THE R. Y. S. HOUSE DURING THE WEEK.
—Geo. Bentinck, Esq., M.P. ; Geo. Arkwright, Esq.,
M.P. ; Sir B. R. Graham, Bart. ; Jams Maxse, E4q ;
Earl of Selkirk; John Petre, Esq.; A.-Fountaine, E.g.;
Lord Colville ; Lord DUfferin ; Hedworth Lambton,
Esq. ; Marquis of Conyughain ; and Sir Percy Shelley,
Bart.

The steam-ship " Himalaya" came into the Needles
last night, and between eleven and twelve o'clock, when
off Norton, near Yarmouth, they found they were near
running into a brig, to avoid which the helm was imme-
diately put aport, when the eddy tide taking the steamer
sent her bows on to a bank: The night was very dark,
and rainy, Tile Atalanta, the Express, the Terk, the
Courier, and severai steam tugs, have been down to ren-
der assistance ; but she still hangs on the bank, but has
a great depth of water astern:

-FIT EN I N G(‘-) .l ric-E no, 1 A's 4.

LAT 1.1. f- FOREIGN .AEW S.

THE WAR.
BLOCKADE OF THE WHITE SEA.

" Orders," says the. Moniteur, " have just been
sent to the commanders of the allied squadrons in
the White Sea to establish from Ist August next an
effective blockade of the Russian ports in that sea.
The blockade has hitherto been delayed, in order
to leave time to traders to terminate the opera-
-Vona which they might have commenoediNfore the.
detlarafon of War.'