The Sun.
London, England, 1854-09-28 00:00:00

THE LAST AUSTRIAN CIRCULAR.

FRANKFORT, SEPT. 25.
The following is a literal translation, in extenso,
of the Austrian circular of the 14th inst., of which
an analysis appeared in our journal of yesterday :
' .‘ AUSTRIAN CIRCULAR OF SEPT. 14.
"Addressed to all Imperial envoys at German Federal
Governments, except to those of the Mecklenburgs
(who are not parties to the treaty of the 20th of April
ult.) :

' " Vienna, Sept. 14.
"At the time wlien the Courts of Austria and Prussia
made communications in common, relative to the Orien-
tal question, to the Germanic Diet, in its sitting of the
17th of August, important communications in the interest
of peaceful negotiations were transmitted to the Cabi-
net of St. Petersburg on the part of the German Powers.
During this we were informed, through the Imperial.
Russian legation, of Russia's intention for the time being
to withdraw her troops from the principalities. .
" Since then the' explanations of the Imperial Russian
Court, relative to our propositions for peace, reached us
through despatches from Count Nesselrode and Prince
Gortschakoff, of which copies are annexed. They are
decidedly repulsive, but they confirm the fact of evacua-
tio iof the principalities. I add to other annexes the
note addressed to our envoy at St. Petersburg, where-
with we reply to this declaration • and a second des-
patch intended only, as a guidance for the explanation of
Count Esterhazy, which has for oloiecto place in a true
light the • divers erroneous conceptiCh-ktof the Russian
Cabinet as regards our part in thbflatstnegotiations.
"Before we communicated to .ousiVerman federal
'allies our views upon the state of things accomplished
we wished to ascertain how they appeared in the eyes
of the Prussian Court. Being informed of its views, we
now hold it to be our duty to disclose fully to the allied
Governments the attitude which we have pointed out
for ourselves, and to furnish them thereby also with
opportunity for further consideration of the decisions to
which the German Confederation may think itself sum-
moned, under existing circumstances.
"His Majesty the Emperor most profoundly regrets
that the Russian Imperial Court has not thought that
he could enter into negotiations for peace on the bases
which his Imperial (Austrian) Majesty, in accord with
the Courts of France and England, .declares to be the
necessary conditions for the restoration of peaceful rela-
tions between Russia and the Porte, and in the accep-
tance of which his Majesty the Bing of Prussia had
also interested himself. The Imperial Government can-
not on its side depart from these conditions, with •e hieh
hopes of peace and a secure future are now, solely
linked; and it hopes that the period may not be distant
when Russia also will not hold herself back from the ne-
gotiations now rejected "bn this point: r ;
"On the other hand, his Iniperial,Migesty does not
disacknowledge the political importance that is indubi-
tably to be attached to the declarations of Russia, in so
' far as that they have set aside the direct danger of a
conflict between the two empires. The retreat of Rus-
sia from the principalities was at an earlietr moment an-
nounced to us as an exclusive military measure, which in
no way bore the charaaer of a political concession. The
Court of St. Petersinirg renews, .it is true, at present,
the concentration of its forces epon its pwn territory,
exclusively under the point of view of 'strategical ne-'
cessities ; but it declares this retreat. at the same tithe,
to be a second sacrifice offered to- the, interests of Aus-
tria, and Prussia ; and, what more • is, it !expressly adds
thagßasssia is not disposed to bring &beet an increase of
complications, but is resolved to defend its territory from
all assault whenCesover it may come—to ziemain in a de-
fensive attitude within the limits of its territory, until
reasonable propositions alloSi it to give activity to its
love of peace. Hereby, indubitably, a political and not
exclusively military position is designated. The inten-
tion is proclaimed for the-monaent not only to abstain
'from assault, be it upon the imperial territory or upon
the principalities • but alone intent on the defence of its
own territory, also not to trespass upon the Turkish
frontier.
" The evacuation of the ' principalities may be re-
garded as already completely accomplished, and thereby
an.imPortant event has been'attained, for the time being,
through a conjunction pf causes, amongst which we re-
gard the development of our force 24 the 'most decisive.
The occupation of the principalities by. Russia was de-
clared discordant' with the inteeests Of' AUstria and Ger-
many by German Courts. It appeared not less •to the
belligerent Powers, it being the cause of war, as the first
and'necessary obstacle that, under all circumstances, was
to be set aside for the'attainment of peace. Russia has
now•retraced the fatal step, and the' weight of , this fact
already falls, through its direct and immediate results,
and by the restrictioe of the theatre of, operations by laid,into the balrice of the hopes of peace. We cer-
tainly will omit nothing which' can contribute to render
our exertions favourable to the objects of conciliation.
" We cannot deceive ourselves, on the other hand,
that the declarations of the Rusian Cabinet have nothing
' in them of a definitive character, and that they carry
with them' no sufficient valid security beyond the events
of the moment. When Russia occupied Moldavia and
Wallachia, and after the• Porte had already declared war,
she announced her intention of remaining upon the de-
fensive, and of not paising the Danube. Circumstances
soon' changed the resolution. Hitherto Russia has not
abandoned one of her claims. She has offered no guar-
antees.for European or German interests. Should cir-
cumstances turn to her advantage, she may again seize
her pledge, which, yielding at present to necessity, the
has renounced: In the face of these circumstances, we
must still continue to rely upon our force in order to
fulfil our duties towards the Powers who are united with
us for similar objects, as well ,as towards ourselves. We
have entered into no engagemeiitito bring about a final
decision by active advance against Russia, but we must
remain strongly armed, and completely free as to our
decisions, in order to be assured that our important in-
terests shall be sufficiently protected under all changes
of events • and hereafter, during the negotiations for the
reestablishment of peace, that our efforts for the restora-
tion of legal security and a state of peace in Europe
shall attain their objects.
" But if Austria has grounds for adhering, in defence
of-interests shared with her by Germany, to the armed
attitude which she'has assumedif she wishes to nego-
tiate, in conjunction with Germany, for the attainment
of divers German objects—then also her claim remains
erect to expect sufficient future support from allied Go-
vernments.

" What may be the attitude to be assumed in case
a state of complications which we did not furesee, and
which we will, endeavour if possible to avert, should render
it as a law for us to pass to a coercive state—this ques-
tiOn is not before us—and for this eventuality (fall) the
previous special engagements will be insufficient. But
Russia, so long as we do not attack her, cannot convert
our occupation of the principalities into a cause for as-
sault upon us, with Out finding entire Germany united
with us. This, under the prolonged uncertainty of
events, we must undoubtedly desire to see acknowledged
in a completely binding manner. We might dwell upon
the question of what binding force remains in the addi-
tional article to the treaty of the 20th, under these cir-
cumstances. It appears to us that, according to the
letter and spirit of .this article, there lays therein the
alternative either that complete assurance for the non-
extension of war and the evacuation of the principalities
must be forthcoming, or that our occupation of theset
countries takes place under the protection of a solidarity
founded by the alliance. We think we may
this point completely, since we are convinced
fresh examination of the legal point, on the
lea
same conclusion. • that Pea sover
this pass
each
of
not exclude
pean rights, and can thence. in principlew.in defend the in
~ By our entry into the principalities we defend Euro-
pean
who are entitled.
rße,titin
tegrity of the Turkish empire;
attack on the princi-
and his allies, against any v!
P:d thereby alone, an ap-
ps.lities. We give thereby, .a. we
eceord with the Sultan
roteotion of Austro-German
propriate security for the p
of events as well as at the
interests during the progress
future lettleeaent., • • • v-
" The assent of the Diet to this proceeding cannot
ffi •
cm ytl
not in fact sufficiently enough
fail us, even though it be

proved through previous negotistarmandluinifeititittAirei His Majesty, our august maste.
sentiments of federal companionship,: •
and. Xmperor, hat
secured powerful aid of Prussia in the, most tindihg
case we shall be attacked, alwafe-provided Austria djii4l,
not take part in the war againsoassie, a.nd,espeoi,ally
she does not cross over the Russian krontier, 'PrAssit,
in case of attack by Russia upon 'Aitstriad terabery,
would regard the same as dangerous to its own interests
- and those of Germany, and assist Austria with all the
means at her disposal.
"Prussia has therewith expressed the conviction that
the remaining princes of Germany will, in such case,
shrink from no sacrifices to ward off the dangers that
menace closely allied Austria, and thence Germany. Wo
entertain the same confidence, and hope that this con-
viction will-be ratified by the decisions about to be taken
at Frankfort. Should the Confederatian accord us
security-for its support, and then only also as a German
Power, and as contracting party to the treaty of the
'')()th_ ,or April, we find. ourselves tranquillised, at least
..inithe future, even without simultaneous military reso.
lutions on the part,of the .Diet ; although, certainly, in
that case "the sartifices aed exertions, without which
Germany under the existing state of the world would
not stand secure, would be exclusively borne by Austria.
" Departing from these considerations, we have proposed
to the Berlin Cabinet to lay before the Diet, through the
nthe despatch to Prince Gortsche-
ekovffoys on
,withbaodthectierastion in common in the sense that
when also after the evacuation of the principalities the
state of things does not call for an immediate develop-
ment of the military force of the Confederation, on the
other hand it contains cause for confirming that any ap-
prehension of attack by Russia upon the territory of
forth for common defence all
Austria shall summon
Governments united by the treaty of the 20th of April.
" We cannot further see cause for bringing under dis-
cussion before the Diet any difference between the po-
sition of Austria and Prussia, as regards the proposed
conditions for future peace, through a definite proposi.
tiou in regard to the appropriation of the four points to
the full extent of the obligations entered into by us. It
certainly appeared .to us extremely desirable that Prus.
sia, whose European attitude, as hitherto, has also re-
posed upon the same foundation with us, should place •
herself completely upon the same line with as, and that
this should also take place on the part of the whole Con-
federation.
• " Meantime, Prussia has on her side warmly recom.
mended at St. Petersburg the acceptance of the four
points, which have been deduced by the three other
Powers from the principles of the Vienna protocol ; and
it conduces to tranquillise us to have learned further,
from the late communications of the Berlin Cabinet, that
his Majesty the King, without taking upon himself any
binding engagement to co-operate militarily against
Russia—an engagement which does not exist for Aus-
tria—will, at all events, also further assure his moral
Support to the four points, and has declared himself in
the same sense to the other parties to the Vienna cons
ference.

" We may therefore calculate on the furtherance of
the work of peace on the part of Prussia through the
same principles which are binding upon us, and look
forward with certain confidence also, in this respect, to
the deliberations in the circle of our allies, since we en-
tertain the fullest conviction that—through our influence
over the fixation of the points, which we, with Franco
and England, have declared to be the conditions for
peace—we have acted in conformity with our own inte-
rests as well as those of Germany, as these points in part
promote German interests, and nowhere come into con-
flictitherewith. We must also attach great value thereto,
and consider it to be consistent with the dignity of the
confederation that it may not only express the most com-
plete approbation of our proceedings, but of our efforts
to bring about peace upon these principles, through the
weight of its voice, sad in appropriate cases through its
active power.

"The required guarantees partly secure to the future
negotiations the requisite latitude—partly they lay down
with all distinctness that which for Germany is irremis-
sible. If meantime, the Confederation, in giving full
assent to the four points, should make a distinction be-
tween general European and special Germanic interests,
in such manner as to stand forward especially for such
conditions as regard the latter—such, namely, as the
cessation of the previous protectorate in the Danubian
countries, and for the freedom of Danubian commerce—
in Such case we shall raise no objection to this mode of
treating the matter.
"Four is requested to communicate the present
despatch, together with its enclosures, to the Govern-
ment to which you have the honour of being accredited.
Doubtless the present moment will appear as full of im-
portance in the eyes of each German Government., and
the wish be most lively in their minds to contribute by
their voice that the approaching decisions may strengthen
the position of the confederation abroad, and at the same
time confirm the friendly federal confidence of members:
It would afford the greatest satisfaction if you can report
to us, as soon as possible, •that the communication with
which you are chargedhas met' with favourable recep.
tion at

(Signed)

14 BUOL Sc"HAIIENSTEN.

ASSAULTS ON WOMEN AND CHILDASY
IN THE METROPOLIS.

Yesterday an interesting return, obtained by Mr.
M.P.-, was printed, relating to charges pre-
ferred against male persons for assaults on women and
children, at each Court within the Metropolitan Police
District, from Ist June, 1850, to June, 1853 ; and also
from the 14th June, 1853, to the 14th June last. The
return is of importance in reference to the Aggravated
Assaults 'Act, which came into operation in June last
year. At Bow-street, from June, 1850, to June, 185;
the number of charges were 690 ; 'of which 16 were
remitted to the Sessions ; of the remainder 764, 424
were discharged, and 250 were convicted. From June,
1853, to the 14th June last, there were 190 charges ;
137 were discharged, and 62 convicted ; there were 58
husbands in the number of the charges. At Clei ken-
well, from June, 1850, to June, 1853, the number of
charges were 535, and there were 367 convictions.
From the 14th June, 1853, to the 14th June last, there
were 137 convictions ; in 29 cases the husband was
charged. At Greenwich and Woolwich Courts there
were 145 charges preferred since the operation of the
new act, of which 35 were against husbands. At
Hammersmith, since the act, there were 42 charges, of
which 18 were against husbands, to the 14th June last.
At Lambeth Court, since the new act, to the 14th June
last, there were 122 charges and 58 convictions ; and of
the number charged, 2$ were husbands. At Marlbo-
rough-street, since the new act, to the 14th June last,
there were 75 charges, and 67 convictions ; of the
charges, 17 were husbands. At Southwark Police
Court, from the commencement of the new act, to the
14th June last, there were 124 charges, and 87 convic
tions ; there were 35 cases between husband and wives
At the Thames Police Court, since the new act, to the
14th June last, 404 charges ; of which 235 were con-
victed before the magistrates ; there were 46 husbands
charged. At Wandsworth .Court, since the new act,
there have been to the 13th June last, 53 charges ; and
there were 21 convictions ;. 2 forassaulting their wives.
At Westminster Police Cciurt, since the new act, there
were 172 charges, and 43 convictions; 28 ofthese cases were
between husband and.wife. And at Worship-street Police
Court there
,were 90. convictions, and 3 sent to the ses-
sions. Forty-one Of itie parties were related to one an-
other.. The mass of information now obtained is of im•
portance with a view of amending the law.

From a Parliamentaiy paper published yesterday, we
extract the following passage from a letter from Mr.
Hammill, the magistrate of Worship-street Police Court,
to'the Under-Secretary of the Home Department. Mr.
Hartingll, it appeared, had passed sentence on a man f
an aggravated assault on a woman, which was quo
tioned on the ground of its alleged severity, and in ju
tifying his decision he remarks as follows, on the genet
working of the act, which empowers magistrate, t
punish such assaults with six months' hard labour :
" 1 announced," he says, " immediately on the passin
of the act, that I should adopt such a course of severit
on the first case being brought before me and I have
since frequently repeated it, thinking that' such an..
nouncement, by means of the press, would deter, from
what I must almost characterise the common practioe of
ill-using women in this district. With regard to women
of the town, I have continually laid down as to them,
that so long as they conduct themselves quietly in the
streets, they are as much entitled 'to protection as any
other class of her Majesty's subjects, which seems to
cause astonishment to the people who hear it, so accus-
tomed have the brutal population of this region been to
knock down these poor creatures as if they were so many
ninepins, and without feeling. 'Notwithstanding the
severity with which I have administered the act, I regret
to say that such cases are as numerous as ever, and
therefore I don't conceive that the time has arrived for
me to change the view I have taken of my duty in
carrying out the provisions of the act. It can only be,
I fear, a remedial measure, until the moral and indus.
trial training of the population is put under a more effect.,
tual system than is now permitted. Existing disposition
to violence can only be held in check by fear of personal
suffering. I assure you, sir, this state of things, daily
exhibited before me, has long filled me with anviety and
perplexity, and I don't, under the existing system at
what is called education, see much hope of the next gene,
ration being better than this."

Hu:mum J. —WicK, Sept. 21.—This week some
mElio•
hua t v
on
made trial for herrings, and their sue•
teas
greater than was expected. Six to eight
Tuesday eveaing, and some of these
v
h l 'ag brought ashore from six to ten crans per boat, a
great
csf
crewsoi r h boats
went
-"
number was induced to make a trial last night.
been
o e
isinornirig
Th
a fleet of about forty boats returned to
our
harbour, having from one cran to 25 crans per boat,
nine boats belonging to Scarlet, a part of the fleet, ave.
raging upwards of 12 crans. The herrings sold readily,
at prices ranging from 16s. to 18s. per cran, the quality
of the fish being very superiqr for this late season. Our
accounts from Peterhead and Fraserburgh, for the past
week, are unexpectedly favourable, the average for the
season, to Saturday last, having been brought up, at
Peterhead, to 132 crane ; and at Frazerburgh to 147
crans per boat, being an addition for tho week of 40
crans at the former .and of 31 crane per boat at the
latter station. In the Iluekie district the general ave-
rage was brought up to 86 cram at the conclusion of the
season, being au addition of 4.1 crans per boat on the ave-
rage quoted by ns last week. In Orkney and Shetland
no good has been done of late. The season is now res,
garded as over in Orkney ; and though the Zetland fish-
ing season has not yet expired, the stormy weather pre.
vents the boats getting to sea.—John o' 0270 at Journal.
SPECIE.—The amount of specie announced from New
York yesterday by the Baltic is 250,0001., making a total
from America this week of 430,000/. Notwithstanding
these remittances, the rate of exchange remains hi he
.
and a continuation of them may therefore be expect

wi_rse. , . .
ita..N'A DIAN LAND AND TRUST
ASSOCIATION'.
Tye Shareholders of this Association are requested to meet on the
121 k day of Oct,her, 1854, at Twelve o'clock, at the Office of the
Company, 5, Wharntord-court, for the purpose of modifying the
statutes. The Gerant SAINT ROSE.
London, Sept. 28, 1854.

/11H EAT RE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.-
Mr. E. T. SMITH. respectfully informs his friends and the
Public admirers of Mr. G. V. BROOKE that he has engaged 'hat I
eminent artiste to perform for Seven Nights only, prior to his depar-
ture for Australia.
%fr. G. V. BROOKE will appear on Mondtr 09)ber 2d, ba
VIRGIN-WS.
Tuesday, 3d, in THE STRANGER.
Wednesday, 4th, In RICHARD THE THIRD.
Thursday, sth, in THE LADY OF LYONS.
Friday, 6th, in OTHELLO.
Saturday, 7th, in HAMLET.
And Monday, 9th, in MACBETH; being positively his last
appearance.
Mr. SMITH has also engaged Mr. E. WRIGHT. the public
favourite and celebrated Comedian, to appear in his original Farces
every Evening after Mr. G. V. Brooks's performance.
The Box-office is open for booking places daily, from Ten to Five.
In consequence of numerous inquiries, early application is soliciti-d.