The Sun.
London, England, 1853-07-07 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 7, 1853.

" THE PRESS." —On Saturday, July 9,
No. X., price Sixpence. of "TIIE PRESS," the new
weekly Conservative paper. Published every Saturday. Office,
No. 110, Strand. To be had of all Newsmen and at the Railway
Stations. Money orders for subscriptions sent direct to the office, to
be made payable to Mr. Alfred lye.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
PATRON-MR.II. PRINCE ALBERT.

NEW and INTERESTING ATTRACTION. On TUESDAYS
and FRIDAYS, at Four o'clock, and Every Evening (except Satur-
day) at Nine, the FIRST PART of an HISTORICAL LECTURE
on " THE THAMES," from its source to its Estuary, by GEORGE
BUCKLAND, Esq., assisted by Miss Blanche Younge, with appro-
priate Songs and Dissolving Scenery, in addition to the varied SCIEN-
TIFIC LECTURES and EXHIBITIONS.

Open Mornings and Everings. Admission, Is.; Schools, and
ibtldren under Ten years of age Half-price.

LAURENT'S CASINO, ARGYLL ROOMS.-
(Lessee, CHARLES E. LAURENT, Onslow-house, Fulham-
road.) Open Every Evening. The Orchestra will perform, during
the week, "The Rose," "Thistle," "Shamrock," " &mins," and
"Rigoletto " Waltzes, by H. Laurent; the " Rosalinda" and
"Nymph," by D'Albert ; the " England," " New Topsy," and " Lego
Maggoire" Quadrilles ; the " Gold Hawk" and " Juno" Polkas.—
Admission, Is. Doors open at Half-past Eight o'clock; to com-
mence at Nine, and terminate at Half-past Eleven.

BRIGHTON SELTZER WATER, 4s. a dozen.
Mr. HOOPER hAs REDUCED his PRICE for Brighton
Seltzer and Fachingen from Cs. to 4s. per dozen. Also other wrated
waters in proportion, and which are unsurpassed, if not unequalled.
Six-dozen hampers carriage free. Balls aid fetes supplied in such
quantities only as may be required. Dellyvy twice daily. A pro-
spectus with list of prices can be had on application.—HOOPEß, 7,
Pall-mall East; and 55, Grosvenor-street, Bond-street.

BRITISH COLLEGE of HEALTH,
Hamilton-place, New-road, London.
FOREIGN GENERAL AGENTS FOIL TILE SALE OF MORISON'S PILLS,
the Vegetable Universpl Medicine.
Amsterdam .• •• • Mr. Jacob Meihuizen.
Baltimore (U.S.) .
Barbadoes ..... ..... J. Monteflore and Co.
Barcelona (Spain)„, Messrs. Charles Sola, Mirat, and
Cuyas. •

Basle (Switzerland) Mr. Roderick Scholp.
Brody (Germany)... N. Kornfeld, Esq.
Buffalo (U.S.) Mr.Czeicke.
Cadiz Mr. J. Bensusan.
Calcutta ........... ..... T. Gardner, Esq.
Cape Breton Lieut. J. 111•Kinnon.
Carthagena ... .
Constantinople ....
Copenhagen ............ Mr. C. S. Holm and Mr. Michael-
sen.
Cracow . .............. Mr. Muidner.
Curagos (W. 1.) ................Messrs. Senior.
Douglas (Isle of Man) . ... Mr. Johnson.
Elsinore .. ••••• • • • • • — Mr. 0. S. Steenburg.
Frankfort ..............
George Town City (Demerara)• • Mr. John M`Douall.
Gibraltar. .... .. Mr. T. H. Roberts.
Guernsey
Halifax (U.S.) . ...... Messrs. A. and W. Mackinlay.
Hamburg _..__ _ _ .. ...... Messrs. Krauskopf and Co.
Kempton (Bavaria) ............ Mr. M. Gayrhos.
Kingston (Jamaica) . .. • •
Malta Mr. Muir, Library.
Melbourne (Port Philip)
Madras .
Madrid ... ...... ..... .....
Matanzas (Cüba)
Medio, No. 13.
Mexico ..
Montreal..
New York (U S.) ....
Odessa (Russia) .. .... . .
Paris .... ••••• • • • .......... M. Arthaud, 33, Rue Louis-la-
grand.
Passau ....... •
Pernambuco (Brazils) ........ A. S. Corbett, Esq.
Valencia .• .................... Mr. Antonio Andrews.
Bishop's Auckland (New Zealand) Mr. R. Parris.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.—E. Newman, Esq., presi-
dent, took the chair on the 4th inst. The minutes of
the last meeting were read and confirmed, and a list of
donations read. R. F. Logan, Esq., was elected a mem-
ber of the'society. Mr. Smith exhibited a box of insects,
taken by Foxcroft, in Scotland, containing, amongst
other rarities, a specimen of N. Cannata ; Mr. Janson,
Pachetra leucophwa, taken on Mickle ham Downs ; Mr.
Tebbs, N. Trepida from Highgate ; M r. Weir, 2 Aplota
palpella, bred from genista tinctoria s ; Mr. Stevens,
Plinthus caliginosus, larva of L. Sybilla, and a speci-
men of Ch. Delphinii, bred ; Mr. Bond, Hydrilla cali-
ginosus, taken in the New Forest ; Mr. Waring, two
living mole crickets, the survivors of six he had placed
in the box two days before, the othe rs having been de-
voured by their companions ; Mr.W( ;stwood, Lampronia
corticella, bred from the shoots of raspberries, to which
they had, in some parts of the north, done great damage,
and Celeophora lascinipennella, which had been very in-
jurious to the finer kinds of roses ; Mx. Shepherd, Spilo-
nota simplana, Chrosis Andoniniana, : Retinia Turionana,
Eupithecia maculatarii , and Madope salicalis, taken
at West Wickham. Mr. Stevens mentioned that he
had taken many moths on a thief& le infested with
aphides, seemingly attracted by hone y-dew. Mr. Wing
said he had seen the same thing at the ends of goose-
berry shoots.
GREEK BANDITS.—A deputation v ras sent from Samos,
a short time ago, with 100,000 piastres (25,000 f.), to be
paid at Constantinople. On disem barking in Asia
Minor, they were assailed by bandits, who took the
money from
them, and then sent back four of them to
say that, if another 100,000 piastres. were not paid, the
remainder, six in number, would be put to death. The
administration and the Senate of Samos were without
resources, and neither they nor the families of the pri-
soners had the means of going to their relief. The bri-
gands are supposed to be the band ofVani-Caterdji, who
some time ago committed great excesses in the environs
of Smyrna.
DIPLOMATIC PASTRY.—There is e very probability that
, the dish heretofore known as Nesselrode Pudding, will,
in future, be denominated Humble Pie.—Puna.

ENGLAND, FRANCE, AND TURKEY.

(Front the Morning Post. )

For the last few days rumours have been current in
London and in Paris, to the effect, that the views of
England and France are not identical, with respect to
the course to be pursued in the East—that neither
Power is resolved as to the light in which the Russian
occupation of the Danubian Principalities is to be re-
garded—that England, especially, displays symptoms of
vacillation—that she hesitates to allow the passage of
the Dardanelles by her fleet, and that she wishes Turkey
may discover some pacific method of making the best
compromise she can with Russia.
We are enabled to give an unqualified contradiction
to these rumours, which can owe their origin to no other
source than the endeavour of Russian intrigue to sow
distrust between the Cabinets of London and Paris, or
to the equally fertile invention of stockjobbing.
We affirm, with confidence, that both the policy and
action of England and France are one. Both Powers
regard the invasion of the Principalities as a violation of
the integrity and independence of the Ottoman Empire,
and as an act of war.

Of course, the fleets at Besika Bay are not ordered to
enter the Dardanelles. Such an order would amount to
a violation of the independence of the Porte, as flagrant
as that committed by the Czar.
The duty of Admirals Dundas and Hamelin is, to obey
implicitly the orders of the Ambassadors of their So-
vereigns. The instructions which have been forwarded
to Lord Stratford de Redcliffe and M. do la Cour are,
to place the combined flecallictirely at the disposal -of
the Sultan—in the event, of which there can be no
doubt, of his considering and proclaiming the present
lawless invasion of his territory an act of war. Tho
ambassadors are directed to summon the naval forces of
England and France, the instant the Porte requests it,
not only to enter the Dardanelles, but to proceed, in the
Black Sea, to whatever operations our Ally may deem
requisite for his safety and advantage.

(Prom th 3 Morning Chronicle.)
Mr. Layard has given notice that he will to-morrow
call the attention of the House of Commons to the pre-
sent embarrassed state of the relations between the

Governments of Russia and Turkey. He had made a

similar announcement some time back, but he was in•

duced to forego his purpose—in compliance, we pre-
sume with the very natural wish of the Government to
avoid a Parliamentary discussion of the Eastern ques-
tion in the then state of the negotiations. Yet the
reasons for deprecating a debate on this subject are not
less strong now than they were a month ago ; and it
can scarcely be denied that, at the present juncture, Mr.
Layard's motion is very inopportune, whilst it may
prove extremely embarrassing. Any statement which
he may make will neceesarily carry with it great weight,
not only on account of his personal abilities and the
knowledge and experience of the Best which he pos-
sesses, but also from the fact of his having recently held an
office in the Foreign Department, and from his having
accompanied Lord Stratford de Redcliffe to Constanti-
nople. Though Mr. Layard is, strictly speaking, at
independent member of the house, his views, whatever
they may be, will be thought elsewhere to represent
those of the Government. It ought, however, to be
known that he held no official appointment when he
went to Constantinople, but that he proceeded thither
simply as the friend of Lord Stratford. He has never
held office, of any kind, under the present Adminis-
tration ; and whatever, therefore, may be the opinions
which he may express, or the views which he may
take, they are to be regarded entirely as his own, and
in no way as those of the Government. Apart, how-
ever, from any misconception which may exist with
reference to the position of the mover, a debate upon
the matter, under present circumstances, must, in
any case, be most unsatisfactory. It is impossible to
expect that Ministers, in the existing posture of affairs,
will enter into an explanation of their policy with re-
gard to the Eastern question ; and consequently, any
disclosures which may be made will necessarily be im-
perfect, and of little value either to the house or to the
country. Nor, on the other hand, is it likely that a
Parliamentary discussion. will facilitate the endeavours of
our negotiators to obtain a pacific solution of the pending
difficulties.

It cannot be said that, in this matter, the uncertainty
and indecision of public opinion require to be corrected
by a Parliamentary elucidation of the merits of the
question. There have of late years been few instances
of so remarkable a unanimity of national sentiment as
that which prevails on this subject ; nor would it be dif-
no-tat to ahuw ihab tho n.iyurnipopular feeling is jus-
tified by the facts of the case. 'Even if we consider the
course pursued by Russia towards Turkey solely with
reference to British interests, it will at once be obvious
that it is the bounden duty of this country to prevent
the designs of the Court of St. Petersburg from being
carried out. To maintain the independence of the Otto-
man Empire has ever been recognised as one of the
first objects of the foreign policy of Great Britain. It
has always been felt that the possession of the European
dominions of the Porte by the Czar would give the latter
a dangerous political preponderance ; and the events
of the last few years have not tended to abate the ap-
prehensions felt on this score. The power and resources
of Russia have rapidly increased, and the helpless
condition of Austria prevents that Power from serv-
ing as a counterpoise to her strength. Nor must
it be forgotten that, while our communications
with India would be seriously endangered by the
extension of Russian influence in the East, we
have vast commercial interests which are directly
involved in this question. Of late years, there has been
an almost unexampled development of trade between
Great Britain and Turkey. The Ottoman Empire, with
its liberal tariffs, has become a most valuable customer
to our manufacturing towns, whilst the removal of the
restrictions on the importation of grain has stimulated
the industry of the vast corn-producing countries watered
by the Danube, and all the conditions exist for a profit-
able and increasinginterchange of products. Our trade
with the Sultan's subjects if far more important than
that which we carry on with Russia, and we should sus-
tain a most serious loss if the countries which are now
open markets were placed under the exclusive system of
the latter Powe
Power. Material and political interests alike
render it an object of importance to prevent the terri-
tories of the Porte from being incorporated with the
dominions of the Czar.

Thus, even if we were only to regard the maintenance
of the Turkish Empire as it affects the immediate inte-
rests of Great Britain, there could be little doubt as to
the policy which prudence would require us to pursue.
But it must also be remembered that England has, in
common with the other Governments of Europe, en-
tered into treaties to preserve the integrity of Turkey ;
and the measures adopted by Russia are in direct con-
travention of the settlement agreed upon by the great
Powers. We do not see how France and Great Britain
can permit these engagements to be set aside at the plea-
sure of the Czar. If such acts of wanton aggression are to
be perpetrated with impunity, there is an end to all ques-
tions of right in dealings between one nation and another.
Russia has, without any colourable pretext, proceeded to
employ force against the Porte, and she has done this
in direct opposition to the express desires of the West-
ern Powers. Every attempt has been made to effect an
arrangement of the dispute by friendly mediation ; but
all such overtures have been contemptuously rejected,
and Russia has persevered to the last in making de-
mands to which it was impossible for an independent
State to accede. And now, unable to obtain compliance
by menace and intimidation, she has invaded the Sul-
tan's territories. If ever there was a case of flagrant
injustice, it is in the present Russian occupation of the
Danubian Principalities. That proceeding is a gross
outrage inflicted upon Turkey, and an insult to the rest
of Europe, which it will be impossible for other Powers
to permit.

On all these points there is little difference of opinion.
There may, indeed, be some persons who find satisfac-
tion in the belief that the whole difficulty might have
been averted by the adoption of a different attitude on
the part of the English Government. On the general
question, however, politicians of all parties have only
one feeling ; and they are anxious to follow up the po-
licy which has been pursued by several generations of
English statesmen, in dealing with the affairs of the
East. That policy has been to maintain the independence
of the Porte against the attacks of any of the great
preserve a State the existence of which 1,3
essential to the balance of power in Europe. Should it
become the duty of France and Great Britain to support
their ally by force of arms, the quarrel will certainly not
have been sought by this country—it will be entirely
due to the selfish and aggressive conduct of the Court
of St. Petersburg. We trust, however, that the ad-
visers of the Czar will even yet reflect upon
the risk of confronting an alliance so powiarful
as that which may be arrayed against him, and -that
they will perceive that they are already cbndemnetl by
the opinion of the civilized world. In England, no. one
has been found to excuse or defend the conduct*, of
Russia ; and even with the possibility before us of a .con-
flict which all must deeply deplore, we hear nothin4 ); of
those agitators who are accustomed to denounce aW in-
terventions in the affairs of Foreign States as the N g orst
kind of unprofitable and dangerous meddling. The
Peace Society is silent; and it is only in the mani cfesto
of certain politicians of provincial obscurity that w e are
advised to let Russia seize Constantinople if she wi 11—a
step from which it is argued that the Czar would,
strange to say, lose in power. But, with the singl e ex-
ception of the Liverpool Financial Reform Associa t ion,
we have heard of no class or party that is prepare' i to
view with indifference the consequences of the unchecked
advance of the Russian arms in Turkey. We more t han
doubt whether a debate in the House of Commons will
show any diversity of opinion on that point, or wh(3 ther
the Court of St. Petersburg will find any unwilling ness
on the part of Parliament to support, if necessary; , the
[ Ottoman Government.

THE UNITED STATES.

LIVERPOOL, JULY G.
The British mail steamer arrived at Panama on
the 11th ult.

The weather was intensely hot, and many per-
sons had died from the effects of coups de soliel.
Mr. R. Augustus Ewing, of Connecticut, had
bsen appointed Secretary of Legation to St. Peters-
birg.

The New York Herald has an article on the
financial and commercial prospects of the United
Sates, in which he says :
" That the present season of commercial activity and
mibounded speculation cannot last for ever ; that fluc-
tuations in the price of money are not altogether things
of the past ; that we have not reached that degree of
shbility and permanent security when the lessons of
experience may be safely discarded ; that sudden checks
may occur, banks may curtail, and private credits be
unexpectedly withdrawn, are propositions the truth of
wiich no sensible man of business will be disposed to
duly. Nay, more, it must be obvious to all that there
exist at the present moment peculiar causes for appre-
hensions."

The steam-ships Northern Light and Crescent
Ckiy had arrived at New York with the Californian
mils of the Ist of June, and 520,300 doll. 20 c. in
specie on freight. Among their passengers were a
nunber of miners from Australia, who had chosen
the Panama route to England. The passengers
creased the Isthmus, which was in a good condi-
tiox, in 40 hours. The steamer which left San
Francisco on the Ist of Juno had on freight
2,033,050 doll. in specie. Both miners and agri-
culturists were doing well. Difficulties had oc-
curred between the authorities and a body of
squatters upon the banks of Feather River. The
San Francisco Herald gives the following account
of an attempt by the marshal to serve warrants on
, some of the squatters :

" We subjoin a history of what transpired on the
marshal's attempt to serve his summons, and it will be
seen that these men have manifested a very desperate
temper. A portion of the account is taken from a Sa-
cramento paper, but we add some details which will
exhibit more clearly the nature of their resolve :
" ' Deputy Marshal Douglass passed up the river on
Saturday, for the purpose of summoning the parties to
show cause why a perpetual injunction should not be is-
sued against them. Upon his arrival at Colusi, he
learned that a meeting had been held and resolutions
passed to prevent by force his serving the summons.
After several repeated messages, in which he explained
his mission, and that he simply desired to discharge his
duty as a ministerial officer, without effect, he deter-
mined on Monday to appear among them, and reason
face to face with them upon the folly of their course.
He accordingly, against the advice of friends, did so,
and entered among them in their deliberations. He
found some 40 or 50 of the settlers carousinc, together
and making merry with liquor and upon a fatted calf,
which they had appropriated from the herd of a d--d
speculator.'
" When Mr. Douglass appeared among them, he was
at once told that he should not serve the summons, and
that if he attempted to do so they would kill him on the
spot. As to their threats, Douglass said he was pre-
pared to defend himself, but as his object was not to
quarrel with them, he would explain to them a seeming
misapprehension of the nature of the paper which he
carried. It was simply a notice of the commencement
of a suit, by which their rights, as well as those of the
plaintiff, were to be determined. Douglass attempted
further to reason with them, but without avail, and
finally he had to desist.

The men, however, made him partake of their meat
and drink, and, having done so, told him he could not
serve his paper, and he had as well leave. This Doug-
lass concluded to do, and he returned to Colusi, where
he deposited the pistol he had borrowed. Taking the
steamer then for Sacramento, a woodyard was touched
at, of which the proprietor, Holiday, was one of the
parties against whom he had a summons. He therefore
delivered the writ to him enveloped, and at the same
time commenced reading the summons. Holiday, when
he discovered the design, jumped upon the wood, and re-
marking very coolly, at the same moment, 'Well, I may as
well kill you now as at any other time,' caught at a billet
of wood, and, with both hands, made ablow at the head of
Douglass. It would have crushed his skull, but Douglass,
by a timely lifting of his arm, warded off the stroke in
a measure, though, such was the force with which it was
given, that, falling upon his shoulder, he was precipitated
down the bank and upon the bow of the boat. Recovering
himself, the deputy marshal applied to the captain for a
weapon. The reply was that he had none, but possibly
pistols could be obtained from the pilot. The latter, how-
ever, having probably heard the request, had got out of
the way, and so Mr. Douglass had to continue as before,
entirely unarmed. Holiday, meantime, had procured a
revolver, and procla;med his intention to kill the mar-
shal. This he announced with abundance of vehement
gesticulations and threats, but at length desisted, upon
the captain's telling him he would have no more dealings
with him if he did not do so. The boat then, with the
deputy marshal on board, proceeded on her way to
Sacramento."
On the retreat of the marshal the squatters, who
were well armed, proceeded to burn down the house
of a medical man, and committed other violence.
Strikes for higher wages by the labouring popula-
tion were becoming common. Trade was very dull.
The prices of some articles of consumption had
fallen below prime cost.
According to telegraphic accounts from Boston,
the Newfoundland papers contained bitter com-
plaints of the manner in which the French cruisers
drove the British fishermen from St. George's Bay.
They state that the British vessels were compelled
to put to sea, leaving behind all their nets and fish,
and that, when some of them put back from stress
of weather, they were fired upon by the French
vessel. The French commander, when remon-
strated with, is reported to have said that they
might thank their own Government, which had
driven the French from Salvador. The subject
was to be brought before the Legislature of the
colony.

Leiters from St. John's, New Brunswick, an-
nounce the departure for the fishing grounds o:
Admiral Seymour in the steamer Argus. Previous
to his departure he was presented with an address,
to which he replied :
" It has been gratifying to me to find that the manner
in which the officers and seamen employed in the pro-
tection of the fisheries performed their duties last year
has been appreciated here. Their steadiness and mode-
ration were acknowledged, and it will be my endeavour
to give such instructions as will combine the mainte-
nance of the privileges reserved by treaty for her Ma-
jesty's subjects with the regard due to the rights of
foreign nations."
We have Havannah dates to the 22d ult. There
is no political intelligence. The markets were dull
and inactive ; sugar was easier. Vessels were very
much wanted, as there was an immense quantity
of sugar in store. The quotations were to London,
755. • Cowes, 655. Sterling exchange was quotes
at 101 per cent. premium.
Advices from the Bahamas state that instructions
had been received from the Government to obtain
information as to the precise time of arrival and
departure of the Royal West India Company's
steamers at the various poris.
Advices from Panama mention the arrival at
that port of Miss Catherine Hayes, en route to
South America.
The following letter from Otaheite, Society Is-
lands, gives some information respecting its present
condition
"At this port we found an American whaler and a
French frigate moored in a snug little harbour, large
enough to accommodate about 10 vessels. Anchorage
is charged by the French Governor at the rate of $lO a
vessel. Water can be had, but it is attended with muck
difficulty, and it would take a long time to water a
steamer. Nothing can be got in the way of ships' sup-
plies. Pork is from 10 to 20 cents. per lb., on the foot ;
and the hogs, like the natives, are so wild that you can-
not use them in any way. The natives will not even
bring their bundles of fruit to your boat after it is pur-
chased.
"The destitute condition of the island is owing to the
French monopolising everything. The King wags about
to be baptised and converted to the Catholic faith. We
could not get a chicken even for a sick man, and, had
we not managed to get a few pigs from a schooner that
had just arrived from another island, we should have
been compelled to sail as we entered.
"We are here all well. The Monumental City sailed
a week ago. There arc about; 1,000 tons of English
coal here. It has been exP9sed to the sun for 10 years,
I and is good for notbing ; but we, like Monumental
City, will have to take it, and pay about $3O a
ton,
put on board.
fresh pro-
" Labour here is $1 per day. There are no
visions in the market, and we shall have to go round
the island for a week to get enough to eat for a day.
The inhabitants say itis a fine island, if they had enough
to eat.
" The railway, which it was said could take up a
ship of 900 tons, cannot take up a brig of 200. We
shall disburse at least $20,000. here, and after all we
shall have nothing. The natives say they will not raise
anything so long as the present Government exists.
Before the French came here I am told that 50 whale-
ships could refit and recruit at the same time with ease.
The laws of the port are not calculated to encourage
commerce.
I should recommend all sailing craft to go straight
to Sydney, west of the Fejees ; touch at Honolulu,
where everything can be had cheap and in one day, and,
if necessary, at the Fejees or Navigators, where two