The Sun.
London, England, 1854-09-08 00:00:00

CONSTANTINOPLE.

Letters to the 25th arrived in Paris yesterday.
There appears not to be the slightest doubt at
Constantinople that Sebastopol is the point to be
attacked. The immense siege materiel collected
for the undertaking could not, they affirm, be
required for any other place, and all the mi-
litary men agree in representing the whole
as something admirable. The fleets and trans-
Ports which are to proceed to the Crimea
form an armada of a most imposing character.
One hundred steamers of all kinds, three
hundred transports, and thirty-six ships of
the line, compose the fleet. Marshal de St. Arnaud
and his staff are on board the Ville de Paris, which
Is to be towed by the Napoleon. These letters
f4ate that much anxiety was felt relative to the
situation of the army of Asia since the last defeat.
The reply of M. Drouyn de l'Huys to the note of
Russia, bearing the signature of Count de Nessel-
rode, has also produced a great effect at Constanti-
ople. It seemed to support the news which was
in circulation there at the entrance of the Austrians
into Wallachia. It is also said that this news had
been.,„„ officially given to the Porte by Baron de
Bruck.

,
tllC ovaer tOrts, allut Cou:stautine. 1V lietliel
on this occasion or on some other is not clear, the
Tolbeckiu lighthouse was visited, and its precincts
relieved from the further profanation it had been
forced to submit to at the hands of divers British
middies. In St. Petersburg, people were disposed
almost to erect altars to the cholera for having like
an avenging angel of death delivered Russia from
her conquerors. A paper of that capital has re-
cently styled the cholera "Russia's only true ally ?"

THE GOVERNOR OF BOMARSUND AT
HAVRE. •

General Budisco, who commanded the fortress of
Bomarsund, has arrived at Havre in the Souffleur,
accompanied by his two aides-de-camp, his wife, one
of his children (a boy between four and five years
of age), and two servants. The General and his
companions have taken apartments at a hotel,
waiting the decision of the Government as to their
destination. The General, who speaks French
fluently, manifests a very grateful sense of the kind-
ness which he received from the officers of the
Souffleur. In the evening, after his landing at
Havre, he went to the Frascati Rooms, where he
was the object of much polite attention. One of
the officers who were with him received a bayonet
wound, which is now healed, from a French
Ohasseur.

AUSTRIA.
VIENNA, Sept. 4.—This morning perfectly re-
liable intelligence has been obtained relative to the
reply of the St. Petersburg Cabinet to the Austrian
Note of the 10th. A Russian Government mes
senger arrived here on the evening of Friday, the
Ist of September, with despatches for Prince
Gortschakoff. At an unusually early hour on
Saturday morning the Russian diplomatist called
on Count Buol, and informed him that the condi-
tions of the Austrian Note of the 10th of August
were f irmally and completely rejected by his Go-
vernment. A few hours later a Cabinet Council
was held, at which the Emperor presided, and it is
positively affirmed that it was then and there de-
cided not to make a castes belli of the refusal of
Russia to give the guarantees demanded. Some of
the highest persons in the empire are extremely
opposed to a rupture with Russia, and there is
every reason to believe that their influence has been
employed • in counteracting the measures of his
Majesty's Government. As the last Austrian
Note has been made public, the world will have
an opportunity of judging whether it is now
consistent with the honour and dignity of such a
powerful empire still to maintain its policy of
" armed neutrality." By the irresolution which
she now displays, Austria reduces herself to the
level of Prussia, and this is carrying self-abase-
ment to the highest, or rather to the lowest, pitch.
The German world had become accustomed to con-
sider Austria the sole defender of the interests of
Central Europe against the Great Northern Power,
but, like the other German States, she is unable to
shake off the moral yoke. The Imperial Cabinet
informed the Russian Government that certain
guarantees were requisite for the peace and welfare
of Europe, and the Emperor Nicholas roundly de-
clares "that he will rather sacrifice his last man"
than give them. This positive language, which
must naturally render all further negotiations im-
possible, took this Government " quite aback."
There is some little talk here about Count Ester-
hazy's being recalled from St. Petersburg, but this
is probably mere talk. From information received
to-day, there can be no question of Austrian troops
being sent into Moldavia until the month of
October. As a measure of precaution, the army
of occupation in the Principalities will probably be
raised from 30,000 to 100,000 men. People here
would fain conceal the fact from the world, but
his Majesty's Ministers, and his Majesty's
)ther 'subjects, are treated by the Russian au-
thorities with a sad want of consideration. Up
to Friday morning Prince Gortschakoff used such
conciliatory language that men in office were in-
Ained to believe " that something might be done
with the expected reply of the Russian Cabinet."
How grossly they deceived themselves, or were de-
Jeived, you have already been told. A Vienna
:etter in the Augsburg Gazette shows that the mer-
oantile is treated even worse than the diplomatic
world. The exportation of grain of all kinds from
Russian Poland and the Danubian Principalities
las been several times permitted, limited, and alto-
;ether prohibited. One of the most vexatious
measures of the Russian Government was to de-

la,re all the corn in Russian ports, eve❑ if bought
tn(l paid for by the subjects of neutral Powers, to
he the property of the State. True it is that a
)romise of indemnification was made, but the
government either Lever ended to keep it,
or it has resolved to delay its realisation as long
as possible. Not a tenth part of the corn has
yet been taken possession of by the authorities,
and the ruinous consequences, of the delay have
,)een seen in the case of the Trieste house, Spiri-

lien Gopcevich. The last insult offered to Austria
was the refusal to permit her subjects to enter
Russian seaports, and this at a time when the
Russians and the Russian property in Turkey
were enjoying. the protection of the Austrian flag.
It naturallyexcite the surprise of the surround-
.
ing nations that Russia should venture to act thus
towards a Government which has such a formidable
army at its command, but the St. Petersburg Ca-
binet seems to fancy that the Power which permitted
the mouths of the Danube to fall into its hands will
bear anything and everything. The relative posi-
tions of Russia and Austria may be clearly and cor-
rectly definedin a few lines. Russia is quite as
hostile to Austria as she is to England and France,
but she will not break with her. Austria must feel
that she is in a false position, but she cannot sum-
mon up sufficient courage to declare war against
Russia. If Russia would but strike the first blow
ill difficulties would be removed, but as she is far
too politic to do so, Austria will probably continue
" to eat dirt" for an indefinite period.
Some time since there was a question of an addi-
tional article to the Austro-Prussian treaty of the
20th of April. It appears that the proposed altera
tions and additions to the Convention will be made
with the knowledge and consent of the German
Diet. The first paragraph is a mutual guarantee
For the security of the territories of the several con-
tracting parties, and this will remain unchanged.
The Trieste Zeitung, which is here generally con-
sidered an organ of the Greco-Russian party, in-
forms us that the Wiener Zeitung has much im-
proved lately. "The Wiener Zeitung," says the
Vienna correspondent of the Trieste paper, "usually
brought foreign news later than other journals, and
totally neglected the ' latest intelligence.' " This
ilas been changed by orders from a high source,
and the editor has in general terms been told that
he is to remember the Wiener Zeitung is the organ
of Government, and not his. This was probably
in Consequence of the singular bias displayed by
the Wie,ter Zeitung "in favour of Russia." This
is the pot reproaching the kettle for being black !
Yesterday evening the following information was
obtained relative to the new gun :—The alteration
being in the lock, the barrel of the musket is, when
shortened three inches, quitegood enough. Formerly
the non-commissioned officers and tie first rank in
each infantry company were armed with the so-
called Kammer-Buchse (a kind of Minie rifle), but
now the whole of the army, with the exception of
the Chasseurs and the Borderers; will have the
newly-invented gun. The Chasseurs will retain
their rifles, and the Border troops will be armed
with the Kammer-Buchsen taken from the non-
commissioned officers and the first rank of the com-
panies of the regiments of the line.
Yesterday the Bucharest correspondent of the
illedical GAzette gave you some insight into the
way in which the directors of the Russian military
hospitals manage matters, and the Russians do not
attempt to deny the truth of such charges. The
correctness of the following is undoubted :—During
the Hungarian war a Russian colonel asked au
Austrian general officer what pay he received. On
hearing the amount, he expressed his astonish-
ment at its being so small, and then demanded
" what he could make in the course of the year for
himself ?" 'The *Austrian looked at his Russian
comrade with astonishment, which was not a little
increased when he was informed that, although his
(the colonel's) pay was about 2,000 silver roubles,
he, like the other men of his rank in the army,
" had a revenue of about 10,000 silver roubles."
The thing was managed thus :—lf Government al-
lows 30 or 40 roubles as the price of a "remount,
a cer`ain percentage is deducted as a matter of
course ; and if so many copecks a-day are allowed
for the- rations of man and horse, the colonel
pockets two, and the commander of each squadron
ono.