The Sun.
London, England, 1854-08-02 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 2, 1854.

Ok
144. _N EY MARKET

AND

COMMRI?CIAL INTELLIGENCE.

CITY, TWO O'CLOCK.

- -- ---
The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday. were
estimated at 4,000 to 5,000 bales, including 1,000
American - taken for export and on specuation.
The market closed tamely, but steadily. The sales
comprised 250 Bahia at 60., 200 Egyptian at 6d.
to 7id., 30 Sea Island at ls. to ls. 6d., and the
remainder nearly all American. Railway Shares
were flat, at lower prices.

The 13-oard of Trade returns for the month and
six months, ending July 5, have been issued. The
declared value of the exports, exclusive of the un-
enumerated articles during the month was 7,707, 6411.
against 6,772,7331. in the corresponding month of
last year. The imports increased in wheat, oats,
Indian corn, currants, guano, hemp, rice, cassia
lignea, cinnamon, cloves, nutmegs, rum, tallow,
and wine, but a falling off in oxen, sheep, cocoa,
coffee, flour, flax, mahogany, palm oil, opium,
saltpetre, tobacco, and brandy.
The shipping returns show an increase in the
month of 22,171 tons for the entries inwards of
vessels employed in the foreign trade of the United
Kingdom, and of 19,305 tons for the clearances
outwards.

In the coasting trade 28,088 tons less were em-
ployed than in the same month of 1853 for the
entries inwards, and the clearances outwards de-
creased 7,375 tons.

There appears to have been some objection in
Parliament to the Bills of Exchange Bill, which is
intended to permit the registration of dishonoured
bills and promissory notes in England and to allow
execution thereon, the argument being that its
provisions are too stringent, and that creditors will
be compelled to use coercive measures and press
their debtors when otherwise not so disposed, in
order to comply with the terms of thp act. To
this it may be replied that there is a want of
facility for the circulation of small bills, and that
in Scotland the process termed summary diligence
is found beneficial. It is proposed that all bills of
exchange or promissory notes unpaid shall be noted
and protested in case of need, like foreign bills,
and an officer of the Court of Common Pleas is to
keep a register thereof. When this form is gone
through, an order for payment within 7 days, in-
cluding the day of service, is given, but the party
served can stay execution by application to the
court, and by an affidavit disclosing what would
be considered a legal defence. The case, if the
court thinks fit, may then be brought to trial. The
act is to be entitled "The Summary Execution
on Bills of Exchange Act, 1854." The following
are the forms that will be adopted :
In the Common Pleas.

No. 1.

On the day of
VICTORIA, by the Grace of God, &0.,
of in the county of E.F. of
in the county of &c.
(England to wit.) A.B. in his own proper
person (or by G.H., his attorney] appeared and craved
that the protest underwritten should be recorded in the
Register of this Court for Protests of Bills of Exchange
and Promissory Notes for Execution, according to the
" Summary Execution on Bills of Exchange Act, 1854,"
which was accordingly done, and of which the tenour
follows in those words :

A.D. 18.
To C.D.

[Take in the Bill and Protest.]
" Therefore it is considered that the said A.B. recover
against the said C.D., E.F., &c., £ with
interest thereon since the said Bill became due, together
with the sum of for costs of protest,
registration, and charge . We
command you, therefore, that within six days after the
service of this writ on you, exclusive of the day of such
service, you make payment to the said A.B. of the said
sum of £

and take notice, that in default of your so doing the
said A.B. may proceed to execution against you.
Witness, &c.

No. 2.
(Same as No. 1.)
Indorsement to be made on Writ before Service thereof.
This writ is for service out of the jurisdiction of the
court."

Yesterday afternoon bills at 90 days were nego-
tiated upon Paris at 25 25 to 27k, upon Amsterdam
at 11161 to 17, upon Hamburg at 13 6i to 6f, and
upon Trieste at 12 24 to 28. These rates exhibit a
slight decline on Paris and Trieste, but an improve-
ment upon Hamburg. Amsterdam was firm.
There is still a slight demand for gold for expor-
tation.

The stock market was less firm this morning
when business commenced, Consols being 921 for
transfer, and 92 -ii for account, and they have since
dropped to 92i for money, and to 92f I for time.
The business done has not been large, but there is
no support given by purchases for investment, and
consequently a sale or two has a marked effect upon
r prices. Exchequer Bills have been quoted par to 3s.
premium, and the Bonds are g premium. Bank
Stock has fluctuated from 209 i to 214 East India
Stock has been at 223. The New 3k per Cents.
have been 92& to 93g. The foreign intelligence,
both as regards the Russian retreat and the Spanish
Ministry, conjoined with the fine weather, might
have been expected to give a better tone.
The foreign market has been very inert, but
Spanish Bonds are firm, the Deferred at 181 ex
div. The Certificates are at 4i. Dutch 2i per
Cents, have been 60i to 61 ex div., and Mexican
Stock is steady at 24g.
The following are the nominal prices of foreign
stocks :—Grenada Deferred Bonds, 6 to 6i ; Mexi-
can, 24i to 241 ; Peruvian, 66 to 68 ; Ditto 3 per
Cents., 50 to 52 ; Portuguese 4 per Cents., 39 to
41 ; Russian 5 per Cents., 97 to 99 ; Ditto 43/4 per
Cents., 81 to 83 ; Spanish New Deferred, 18i to
19 ; Ditto 3 per Cents., 37 to .38 ; Ditto Certi-
ficates, 4 to 4i ; Ditto Passive, 3i to 4k.
The English Railway Shares have been rather
drooping, and sales are more pressed. In the
French lines business has been quiet.
The Mining Shares have been rather flatter, and
the Banks and Miscellaneous Companies, including
Crystal Palace, are cheaper to buy.

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK

(From, the ( cial List.)

Business Anne.
tiank Stock
; per Cent. Reduced Annuities 92 f 4
3 per Cent. Consols Annuities 92
34 per Cent. Annuities 93 2 3
Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan., 1860
Ditto 30 Years, Expire sth Jan., 1860 4i
India Stock 223
Consols for Account 17th August 924
Exchequer Bills, 24d.
£IOOO
2500 N 3 par
Small
Exchequer Bonds, 1858
PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
'texican 3 per Cent.
Spanish New Deferred, 3 per Cent., lBf x d
Spanish Committee Cert. of Coup. not fun 4f
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch Exchange, 24 per Cent. 12 Gull
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates ..
HALF-PAST TWO.
Consols 92A
Ditto August Account .924

LATEST FOREIGN NEWS,

THE WAR.

RETREAT OF THE RUSSIANS.

VIENNA, TUESDAY EVENING.—The evacuation of
the Principalities by the Russians .must be for
strategic reasons, as no official communication of
the fact has been made by the Czar to the Aus-
trian Government.

The diplomatist Gortschakoff has been informed
that after the Emperor of Austria has joined the
army no further negotiations relative to the evacu-
ation of the Principalities can be carried on.
Montenegro is in a very disturbed state.
Generals Hess and Kellner arrived from the army
to-day.

The Oest. Correspondenz has the following au.
thentic intelligence :

On the 27th July the Russians quitted, and the
Turks occupied, Fratesohi.

The Russians were retreating in forced marches
to Schelava, and thence to Poposoti and Obileschti,
with all their artillery and waggon trains.
The Bucharest hospitals were to be evacuated by
the evening of the 29th.

Oltenitza was evacuated by the Russians during
the night of the 27th, after the du pont and
the bridge of boats had been destroyed.
The Turks immediately occupied the island
opposite Kalarasch.
On the 28th, the Russian army quitted Kaluge-
reni, and in the evening were to bivouac between
the Argish and Suban. Their artillery carriages,
hospital and baggage trains were leaving on parallel
roads towards the Sereth.
The complete evacuation of Bucharest was to be
effected on the 31st July.
During this retreat or flight the thermometer
was 104 in the shade.

DEMONSTRATION OF THE RUSSIAN
SENATE AGAINST THE CZAR.
The Press, of Vienna, has the following from
Warsaw, dated the 23d ult. :—" It is said at St.
Petersburg that the Senate of the Empire has
taken the liberty of making a sort of demonstration
against the Emperor and his policy. It is alleg d
that, after the receipt of the last news from the
theatre of war, a considerable number of the most
influential members of the Senate addressed a me-
moir to the Emperor, in which they spoke strongly
on recent events ; they could not, they said, ap-
prove of the foreign policy of the Government,
which all Europe condemned, but in which, never-
theless, the Emperor persisted ; and they declared
that they could not accept any responsibility for
what might arise out of it. They at the same time
expressed the wish that the Emperor would satisf3
the demands of Austria and Prussia, by with-
drawing his armies from the Principalities, which
he himself had declared his intention of evacuating,
and that he would thereby put an end to the dis-
astrous war in which he is engaged. Several
eminent personages are named as having signed
the memorial ; even the Hereditary Prince is saki
to have adhered to it. It is not known what
effect the demonstration will have. Immediately
after receiving the memoir, the Emperor left for
Cronstadt, and has not yet returned to St.
Petersburg."

CONSTANTINOPLE.
Letters have been received in Paris from Con-
stantinople, which state that the marriage of the
Sultan's daughter with the son of Reschid Pacha
was definitively fixed for the 16th of August, but
that many still doubted if it would take place on
that day, on account of the expenses which the
fetes and the establishment of the young couple
would throw upon the Government. That expense
was calculated at more than six millions of francs
—an expense which, in the exhausted state of the
Imperial treasury, was thought unadvisable. The
report was current in Constantinople that Marshal
de St. Arnaud was to be recalled, and to be suc-
ceeded in the command of the army by General
Canrobert. Both Riza Pacha and Marshal de St.
Arnaud were severely attacked for their prodigal
administration of the army. M. de Bruck and
Lord Stratford de Redcliffe have been rather cold
to each other since the nomination of the Hospo-
dars
of Wallachia and Moldavia. The candidate
recommended for one of these posts by Lord Strat-
ford de Redcliffe was General Maghero. It was
believed that the Ottoman Government had aban-
doned the idea of depriving the Bank of Constan-
tinople of the firman which gives it a right over
the Egyptian tribute.

TACTICS OF THE RUSSIANS.
A letter from Warsaw, of the 25th ult., in the
Ost Deutsche Post of Vienna, says :—" It is certain
that new orders have reached Prince Gortschakofl
from St. Petersburg to withdraw his troops in a
north-eastern direction, following the course of the
Aiuta, the first stations being Vrestie, Slobosie,
and Salu. It is consequently certain that the
Russians will not accept a battle offered to them.
The disposable troops in Poland have received
orders to march towards the South. There remain
at Warsaw only the number of men necessary for
the service of the citadel. The last assemblages of
troops on the Northern frontier of Gallica have
been carried more to the South, and are at present
co nplete. Prince Gortschakoff has 950 pieces of
cs inon and 200,000 men under his orders."
The German Journal of Frankfort contains a
letter from St. Petersburg of the 22d ult., which
says :—" The corps of Orenburg has been put in
movement. The fortresses of Aralsk, Uralsk,
Orenburg, the fort Perowski, the forts Nos. 1,2,
and 3, that of Karsbutak, and tbat of Nowo-
Petrowski are subjected to a severe inspection.
The garrisons have been reinforced and replaced
by others. A part of these corps can in case of
need be employed on the theatre of war in the
west." .

newos
pri nkrwges s
shoiiifcnohntt ehtreshetsei
LETTER FRO VI
We find
aitnnhedteah
cot
irti
helfenoeflellwo:detailn one of
and
fd ex-
treme raisedhx ae-
ship letter. of July 8. I have just come to Silistria,
giutsrsessiosan,
aawbgnaaatdsti,neeansx.nteacistmhem.
.The first impression on my mind
ll
st,lleovwenwfoars
fora couple
possible ,that such a
ptrlea
of weeks the
assaults of a large and well-disciplined a
mceecowuol
dndreersi
army of
80,000 men ? The Turks have made If
5.1.• •
o Istria what
the European engineers never intended it to be—a
place of great strength, fit to repulse the attack of
divisions of infantry, and to defy the destructive
powers of numerous batteries of enormous
strength. To take Silistria, a third-rate fortress,
the Russians, mustering- on the whole 80,000 men
on either. bank of the Danube lay two months
before Silistria, and bombarded' that fortress for
thirty-nine days. In the course of that time they
threw 50,000. shot and shells. They had 16 batte-
ries en the islands of the Danube, commanding
the water-side, the weakest of all the weak points
of Silistria. They stormed almost every other
day with large storming columns of sixteen batta-
lions, and always led fresh 'troops into the fire,
while the besieged had to repel these attacks with
the same troops that fought and bled in the previ-
ous encounters. And for all that, at the end of 39
days, the Russians, after having two of their gene-
rals killed and on:, wounded, were compelled to
raise the siege, without having gained possession of
a single gun—without having established them-
selves, even for a day, in any one of the en-
trenchments, and without carrying off a basket
even from that Arab Tabia against which their
chief assaults had been directed. The Aral,
Tabia is a mere sandhill, open at the gorges,
surrounded by a small ditch, and inward by
earth baskets, with embrasures for six pieces of
artillery. Of these, four were always considered
to be silenced by the heavy fire of the Russian bat-
teries, and there was hardly a day when more than
two guns were being worked in the Arab Tabia.
The gallant defender's of this entrenchment—Turk-
ish artillerymen formed in the school of General
Rutshkowski and Captain Wendt, supported by
Arnouts and Arab sharpshooters—held out to the
last amidst an incessant shower of shells, balls, and
bullets, which literally rained down upon them.
The troops, that had no space to move in the Tabia,
and the small ditch at its left flank, lay in holes
which they had dug into the earth, waiting until
their turn came to advance and belabour the Rus-
sians. The artillery of the Tabia did good execu-
tion, especially when loaded with grape and canis-
ter; it poured its contents at a deadly vicinity into
the ranks of the storming columns. But what
chiefly arrested the progress of these columns was
the incessant and well-aimed musketry fire which
the Arnouts and Arabs kept up from the battery
and their ditch. They singled out the officers, and
thus spread consternation among the ranks of the
Russians. Still the enemy forced their way more
than once into the battery and the ditch ; but on
each occasion the Arabs and Arnouts, returning to
the charge, expelled them again, and even pursued
them into their own trenches.
The town of Silistria itself, exposed to the fire
from the Russian batteries, is in a lamentable con-
dition. There is scarcely a house but has had a
shell through its roof, or a couple of round balls
having split its sides, and forced their way through
and through. The mosques and public buildings
are in part unroofed; the church, which the Em-
peror Nicholas built for the Christians of Silistria,
has been burnt by his own artillery. The streets
are full of large holea, where the bohlbsforeod

their way into the ground, and the pavement is
torn up and the stones strewed about with the ex-
plosions. Of course, the inhabitants of the town
were not safe in their lath and plaster houses,
which were about the worst places they could be
in. They dug holes in their gardens and yards,
covered them with rafters and layers of earth, and
they lived, an extemporised nation of troglodites,
and quaking with fear at night when the bombs
and rockets illumined the sky, and the shells fell
and burst in every direction around them. Con-
sidering the heaviness and frequency of the Rus-
sian fire, the list of eventualities is very small. The
besieged had 500 killed on the spot, and 630 wounded.
A great many of the wounded died afterwards, for
all their wounds, especially those from the conical
balls of the Minie rifles, are very severe. No
account could be kept of slight casualties,
as the men never gave in, or reported their wounds,
if they could by any means keep on their legs.
The Russian losses are far more severe, and on
a moderate computation have been estimated at
12,000. They lost two generals—Selwan, who was
killed in au assault, and Schilders, who died after
wounds he received. Prince Gortschakoff himself
was wounded—whether dangerously or not is not
known in Silistria. The reports of the spies on his
Serene Highness's condition were confused and
contradictory. The Russians had made about 12
miles of lines and trenches round the town, in
which they established their batteries and collected
their forces previous to the assaults. All the
trenches are deep, large, and comfortable, with broad
steps, leading up, and in the flanks. The highest
credit is due to the Russian engineers for the
solidity, and, I might almost say, the finish of their
earthworks. Vaults, with divans made of earth,
are dug out at the most interesting spots, to serve'
as resting-places for the generals, on their rounds
through the trenches. The last graves dug in
the hurry of departure are close by, and,
from their extent, show that the losses in the last
days of the siege must have been severe. The last
of the dead were buried with great carelessness. I
saw arms and legs sticking out of the graves, and
actually lying on them. The earlier graves of the
Russians, near their, chief camp, show that the for-
mer burials were conducted with more care and
decency. The graves were well covered with earth,
sad no traces of defunct mortality remain. The
camp itself must have been splendid. The Russians
nave done there what they never, by any chance,
lo in their own country—they have dug wells and
made roads, and excellent roads too. The tents of
the generals must have been perfect palaces, the
traces on the ground give such indications of size
and roominess.

THE CAMP AT DEVNO.
We extract the following from a letter, dated—
Near the Camp at Devno, July 19.—1 t is astonish-
ing that in the sayings and doings of some 25,000
men there should be so little worth recording—at
least, if anything there be, it is confined to the
temple of the official Eleusis, under snap locks,
fastened up with red tape, or pigeon-holed in the
ample recesses of our chieftains' portfolios. Surely
our march ought to be sure and ought to be lengthy.
If success depends on secrecy, our army ought to be
crowned with profusest laurels, however late in
their coming. Well matured indeed the plans of
our leaders must be ; but Mariana, in the " Moated
Grange," was never more weary of these long delays
than most of the young officers out here, while
time is ripening for the mystic coup. It is actually
a delightful relief for them to plunge into the ex-
citing details of the great beard and moustache
question—that weighty matter, as to which dis-
cussion never ends, and illustration never tires,
and which agitates alike the Commander-in-Chief
and the meanest. Truth to tell, the orders issued
by Generals of Divisions and Commanders-in-Chief
have had far more to do with dress and undress,
with " neck and crop," and with the capillary li-
centiousness of the soldiery, than with aught else,
and their souls must burn within them at the un-
dutiful conduct of Bashi-Bazouk subalterns, who
will persist in getting out of uniform whenever they
can, and getting into the wildest plaids, the most
daring checks, and the most vivid shirting that De-
sign, assisted by Colour, can invent. Why do these
Bashi-Bazouks vex their chieftains so ? Simply be-
cause their uniforms are uncomfortable and mean,
and mufti is loose and easy. What stout man of
taste would wear a red shell jacket, with dingy green
or yellow collar and cuffs, even though no eye but
that of a rude Bulgarian peasant or wooden-faced
peasantess gazed on his fair proportions, if he could
wander forth in a frock or other garment more
suited to the development of his figure ? Would any
man take out his sword to give it an airing in a
rural walk if he could leave it behind and take a
stick ? and who, with the thermometer indicating
110 degrees, would wear a neckerchief and stand-up
collar if he could go without them ? If a stranger
approached our camp he would meet figures which
it would puzzle him much to make out, and to define
whether they were grooms or gentlemen, so strange
their attire, so battered and contused their "wide-
awakes," so curious their jackets and trouserings
and leggings. Very, very hard set indeed are we
to kill time while waiting for the harvest of laurels
co bud. For the last week there has been a de-
iightful change in the weather—it rains, thun-
'era, lightens, and blows for a great portion of each
lay—anything is better than being baked alive.
flie rain falls down from the heavens in splashing
streams, the thunder is ear-splitting, and rattles
for hours through the mountains, the lightning is
Forked, fierce, and vivid, and the wind is strong
enouji to shake tent poles to their foundation,
and sometimes to overturn the saturated canvas on
its unhappy occupant. It is in such times as these
that ennui comes on a man like a demon, aided
very often by diarrhoea, or a gentle dysentery. It
is then that azure diabolicals flutter down in shoals
upon him, and make him think of horrible things,
which he announces to his dismal friends, such as
"sending in my papers, and cutting ie whole
deuced thing altogether," and then it is that co-
lonels are consigned to distant and unpleasant
places, and generals are denounced as "confounded
old humbugs." Books there are few indeed ; I
know of one copy of the " 'Trois Mousquetaires,"
and " Vingt Ans Apres," which is at this present
writing going through a regiment in detachments,
the main body being bound up in an elastic band,
and the bits being distributed in order, a few pages
at a time, to the various readers. A cargo of cheap
novels would make a famous investment. Not
many games can be played, for there are few im-
plements, but there have been some matches at
cricket, at which the sun stumped a good many
men, and nearly realised the fearful picture of the
" Bat in blisters," drawn by Mr. Alfred Jingle.
Dog-hunting was popular' but it palled after a
time, and, besides, it was not in favour with the
authorities. Mounted parties of 15 to 20 would
ride about the neighbourhood of some village, and
it would not be long ere a fierce, wild-looking,
and shaggy cur was roused from his lair, and
started across the plains at a rattling pace which
would do no discredit to a Leicestershire or Gal-
way Reynard. He generally made for the bills,
and got off after a good run, but sometimes he was
fairly run down—killed if he was savage, spared if
properly submissive. There are, however, occa-
sional meets still made for this exciting sport.
There was a grand battue through the woods the
other day by the men and officers of Sir D. L.
Evans's division, about four miles from this. About
300 men beat through the woods, but the sport
was meagre, consisting of a few roe deer, wood
pigeons, doves, &c. Frequently hares run through
the camp, and whenever the alarm of such an event
is given, men run like mad through thistle, briar,
and prickly bush, till poor puss, headed on all sides,
and turned by hundreds, takes refuge in some
clump of thorn, and is made an easy capture. Last
week a wild boar was led by his aspirings after the
unknown to take a saunter one moonlight night
within the lines. He was seen by a sentry : the men
turned out, and Porcus fell, transfixed by many a
bayonet, in a plucky but unlucky charge to break
the line of his enemy. As yet, the only trophy of
which we can boast is a magnificent young eagle,
belonging to the 33d regiment. His appetite and
iris courage are alike great, and his ferocity is akin
to both. We have had races, both at the Guards'
' camp, at Sir D. L. Evans' camp, and at this, and
some of them went off well ; but even these are as
dat as the course, and have now lost the charm of
novelty. There is much talk about "moving soon,"
and the destination varies according to the whim
the talkers. Sebastopol is a favourite resort, so
is Anapa ; a few talk of Bucharest. Colonel Halik
aas returned. One of the Bth Hussars has died of
fever contracted during the recent cavalry recon-
naissance. Two French engineers, who have just
returned from surveying the paAses of the Balkan,
report that there are no impediments of consequence
to the march of an army over any part of these
bugbear mountains. Yesterday, an old woman,
said to be Fatima Hanoum, the Karakizla (Black
Virgin), Kurdish chieftainess, passed through De vn o
on her way from Varna, attended by a rabble rout
of 30 or 40 Bashl-Bazouks. She stopped at the

rude khan or cafe, and enjoyed her pipe for a time,
so tat one had an opportunity of seeing this Turk-
ish Semiramis. She is a lean, withered, angular
old woman, of some 70 years of age, with a face
seamed and marked in every part of its dark ma-

hoaany-coloured surface with rigid wrinkles. Her
nose is hooked and skinny—her mouth toothless
and puckered—her eyes piercing black, restless,
and sinister, with bleary lids, and overhung by
tufty grey brows. Her neck, far too liberally ex-
hibited, resembles nothing so much as the stem
of an ill-conditioned, gn4rly young olive tree.
With most wanton and unjustifiable disregard
of the teachings of Mahomet, and of the pre-
judices of Mussulmans, she shows all her

face, and wears no yashmak. Her attire con-
sisted of a green turban, dirty and wrinkled
as her face ; an antiquated red' jacket, with
remnants of embroidery, open in front, and
showing, as far as mortal sight could gaze upon it,
the lady's bosom ; a handsome shawl waist scarf,
filled with weapons, such as knives, pistols, and
yataghans ; and wide blue breeches. Hanoum is a
spinster, and her followers believe she is a pro-
phetess. The followers were Bashi-Bazouks per
sang, very wild and very ragged, and stuck all over
with weapons, like porcupines with spines. Their
horses were lean and scraggy, and altogether it was
a comfort to see this interesting Virgin Queen of
the Kurds on her way to Shumla, if, indeed, it
was the Fatima Hanoum or some humble imitator.
The lady refused to visit our camp, and seemed to
hold the Giaour in profound contempt.
To-day there was a much more interesting arrival.
Some five-and-twenty horsemen rode into the
village, attired in the most picturesque excesses of
the Osmanli; fine, handsome, well-kempt men, with
robes and turbans a blaze of gay colours, and with
arms neat and shining from the care bestowed on
them. They said they came from Peshawur and other
remote portions of the north-western provinces of
the Indian Peninsula, and while the officer who was
conversing with them was wondering if their tale
could be true, the officer in charge of the party
came forward and announced himself an English
man. It turned out to be Mr. Walpole, formerly
an officer in our navy, whose charming book on the
East is so well known, and it appeared that the
men under his command were Indian Mahomedans,
who had come up on their pilgrimage to Mecca,
and who, hearing of the Turkish crusade against
the Infidels, had rushed to join the standard of the
Sultan. They are to be attached to Colonel Beat-
son's corps of Bashi-Bazouks, and to form a kind
of body-guard to the Colonel, whose nanie is so
well known in India. Mr. Walpole seems quite
delighted with his command, and, as he has the
power of life and death, he seems to think there
will be no difficulty in repressing the irregularities
of his men. Outrages on the Bulgarians are of
common occurrence in the neighbourhood, and Sir
George Brown has expressed his determination to
punish all Turks found guilty of them, and above
all to suppress the infamous practice of child-steal-
ing and kidnapping.

ADHESION OF THE GERMANIC DIET
TO THE AUSTRO-PRUSSIAN TREATY.

The following is a translation of the document
containing the adhesion of the Germanic Diet to
the defensive and offensive treaty of Austria and
Prussia of the 20th of April. This adhesion, it may
be observed, was carried by 15 out of 17 votes, in
restricted council. The abstainers were the two
Mecklenburgs, forming the 14th curie, or vote,
and Denmark (for Holstein Luneburg), forming
the 10th. Holland has acceded for Luxemburg,
but not for Lemburg :
"I❑ consideration that his Majesty the Emperor of
Austria and his Majesty the King of Prussia have laid
before the most serene German Confederation on the offen
sive and defensive treaty concluded between them'on the
20th April ult., with an invitation to adhere to the
same; in consideration and acknowledgment of the
grounds which have induced both the most august Go-
vernments of Austria and Prussia to conclude and lay
this treaty before the constitutional organ of the Con-
federation ; in consideration of the exalted mi,sion of
defending with united power the general interests of
Germany, even beyond the federal territory, against all
encroachment ; and guided by a desire to stimulate
German unity, loyalty, and strength, for the welfare of
the common fatherland, by adhering to the said treaty,
the German Diet resolves—

"1. On the grounds of Art, 2 of the acts of the Con-
federation, and Articles 1, 35, and 47 of the Vienna
concluding acts, in the name of the most serene German
Confederation, to adhere authentically through the
present declaration, and for the duration of the war
that has broken out between Russia on the one side, and
Turkey, England, and France on the other, to the treaty
concluded between Austria and Prussia for the estab-
lishment of a defensive and offensive alliance, which
treaty runs thus (here follows the body of treaty of 20th
April); and also to the extension to Art. 3, con-
tained in an additional article, which runs thus, (here
follows the additional article), under the agreement that
his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, and his Majesty
the King of Prussia, shall fulfil the engagements en-
tered into by them, in virtue of Art. 11 of the Federa
acts, by means of their entire German and non-German
force.

" 2. The measures requisite for carrying out the above
resolution remain reserved for special consideration. For
the purpose of preparing for the same, the special com-
mittee selected in the sitting of the 24th May ult., shall
be charged to place itself in communication with the
military committee."

STATE OF THINGS IN GREECE.

We read in a letter from Athens, of July 22 :
At last Mavrocordato has arrived. A French
steamer brought him from Syra, where he had ar-
rived with the Marseilles steamergoing toConstan-
tinople. The King sent for him to have an inter-
view; fortunately, King 0 tho's fascinations are lost
upon the Premier. He is the only man in Greece
of whom this opinion is entertained, by partisan as
well as adversary.
Mavrocordato has the hardest task which, per-
haps, ever fell to the share of a Premier. In a
country without any public spirit, where a vile in-
triguing Court has for 20 years carried on a con-
sequent system of corruption, where the most
violent popular passions excited by the late
events have hardly subsided, where the So-
vereign, the sworn enemy of the constitu-
tion has large sums of money at his disposal,
while the public Exchequer is empty,—to be in
such a country Prime Minister and responsi-
ble adviser of a so-called constitut;tonwaoluldKing
be
is certainly no ,enviable posit!
nrfluon
foreignabsolutely
troops
ps atthe P untenable s. ere it tTnhoent akarrmythoef 60 ,cocouo_
y to
a matter
compel
o f Greece to asptarti icotnn,
efiurtsrta
int ty7hdaesdn chiefly
becomee
neces-
sity for Greece itself.lnfciet was withdrawn
perhaps,thdr by thei
awnanarcly
would be the consequence,
moral influence which its presence exercises a salu-
tary change of the whole system hitherto carried
on may be effected. To say that either the allied
forces or the new Ministry is popular would be
false ; both are endured as necessary evils which
cannot be helped. The sight of an army of occupa-
tion can never be very exhilarating to a people, as
it reminds it always of its own humiliation. The
Ministry, on the other hand, has made many ene-
mies by the distribution of places. Everybody knows
what a difficult thing it is to satisfy the claimants
for employment in the best-governed countries, but
few have an idea what an onus patronage is in Greece.
You know how former Ministers have obviated this
difficulty, by adopting either an auction or byintro-
ducing a fixed tariff for every employment. By
abolishing this practice the new Ministry set nearly
the whole male population of Greece above 16 place-
hunting. The Anglo-French party was of late in
such discount that it numbered very few members
worth speaking of ; conseqnently, it was not enough
to supply the demand for employes ; on the other
hand, the Government would not keep in office the
employes put there by the Court ; so all those who
have had hitherto no places, although most—nay,
one may say, all—of them tried hard for it, came
now forward as the martyrs of constitutionalism,
and as the sufferers for their Anglo-French sym-
pathies, and claimed places. The Ministry, having,
unfortunately, very few good men of its own, and
not wanting to employ its avowed adversaries,
although these latter wore quite ready to serve,
was forced to take many of this mongrel set, which
numbers not one known name, and whose mem-
bers cannot be said to belong to the most dis-
tinguished class of society. Now that Mavro-
cordato has arrived, it is hoped that things will
settle down. There will be very' likely some
changes in the Ministry itself, as Mavrocordato
will scarcely be able to carry on, together with his
onerous task as Premier, also the Ministry of
Finance, which requires so much routine work.
The only difficulty will' be to find somebody for the
latter place. Unless he be an accomplished alchy-
mist who has indeed found the philosopher's stone,
it cannot be seen how he will klring the Greek
budget to an equilibrium. The whole town of
Athens, as well as the Piraeus, has been in a state
of great excitement since the beginning of this week.
The report was spread that the cholera had broken
out among the French troops, and that it is begin-
ning to spread also among the inhabitants. The
truth is, that the mortality among the French
troops has increased lately to a fearful degree, and
all the deaths are in consequence of a violent diar-
rhoea or cholerine. Nor is this at all surprising, if
one considers the position of the French troops.
They are encamped on the bare chalk hill
weich separates the Piraaus from the Munichio,
under tents which, instead of keeping off the
heat, rather concentrate it, by interrupting the
current of •air which always prevails near the
seashore. They have until lately been obliged
to get up at two o'clock in the morning, make
a long march, and exercise with ,knapsacks and
other burdens. They come back exhausted and
dripping with perspiration, eat quantities of bad
and unripe fruit, drink shockinc, resined wine, and
bathe afterwards for the rest of the day in the sea.
Besides this, their provisions are bad, as they pay
low prices. What nature could hold out against
such odds ? One must acknowledge that things
are far better managed with.the English troops ;
they are in barracks—for which, of course, they
pay about three times the price they usually fetch ;
they get capital meat, because they pay from 85 to
95 lepta, while the French pay 65. Not a single
man is allowed to go out.between 11 and 3 o'clock
in the afternoon ; they are no over-drilled—and
last, but not least, they are so much more
cleanly in their hits. One sees strikingly the

effect of these arrangements, for since they came
here only one man has died, although the heat this
year, owing to the continual sirocco, is greater
than for the last 20 years.

SPAIN.
THE NEW MINISTRY.

A telegraphic despatch from Paris thig (Wednes.
day) morning says the new Spanish Ministry is
composed as follows :
Duke of Victoria President of the Council.
O'Donnell War.
Alonso . Justice
Lujan Public Works.

Santa Crux lnterior.
Mollaro Finances.
Salazar Marine.
Pacheco Foreign Affairs.

O'Donnell and Sln Miguel are made marshals.
SEVILLE, July 24.—A Consultative Junta has
been formed.

General Serrano has been appointed Captain-
General of Andalusia.

A telegraphic despatch, dated Madrid, July 28,
says the National Guard is already composed of
nine battalions and two batteries of artillery.
A decree of the Junta suppresses the Royal
Council, and another calls into force the Press Law
of 1837.

The decree which exiled the Infante Don Enrique
to Valencia is revoked.
The Junta has also abrogated the prohibition
laid on the circulation of certain foreign journals.
Another decree orders the arrest and trial of
some of the ex-Ministers and also of General
Quinto, ex-Governor of Madrid.
It is said that the Ministers are concealed in the
hotels of the diplomatic body.
Queen Christina has not as yet left Madrid.
M. Salamanca has been arrested and imprisoned
at Albacete.

General Lara, Mata-y-Alos, and Quesada, Who
commanded the troops in the late struggle, have
their choice either to retire to a fixed place of resi-
dence or to leave the country.
It is said that General Blaser's force has "pro-
nounced" at Baylen.
On the 25th General O'Donnell was at Cordova,
on his way to Madrid, at the invitation of Espartero
and the Junto.

Another telegraphic despatch from Madrid, 011
the evening of July 29, states that since the en-
trance of Espartero into Madrid the state of affair°
has improved. The Bourse has re-opened, and the
Funds have risen. The Three per Cents. were
done at 34, from which price they rose to 35.
San Miguel has addressed a circular to the ear
tain-generals, demanding the adhesion of the Pr°-
vincial juntas to the Queen's authority.
PERPIGNAN, July 31.—Barcelona is tranquil•
The strike of the workmen has ceased.

FR ANCE.
For some days past it has been rumoured ill
Paris that Prince Napoleon is to resign the eere
mand of his division and to return to Paris. Let-
ters received from Varna, of the 16th July, stav3
that among his entourage his return is considers
a
certain, and that he is already making his preparat;
tions to winter in Paris. The same letters sta'e,,
that both the French and English troops were the
ginning to show discontent at their inaction/
motives of which they are unable to comprehend.
ie
The Turks also murmur at the passive
assumed by their allies, and it is to be feared that
if employment- be not speedily found for the troop/
a bad feeling will be engendered on both sides'
It is now doubtful if the Emperor will return to
Paris for the fetes of the 15th of August.
The price of wheat fell in the markets of Satur-
oc.
day, at the different towns near Paris, from ,to
ni
to 4f. the hectolitre. In the more distant ar'e
there is an average fall of about 7f. attitude