The Sun.
London, England, 1853-06-23 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 23, 1853.

SUBMARINE AND EUROPEAN TELE-
(MAP II Co NIPANIES.—DIRECT AND INSTANTANEOUS
COMMUNICATION \VIVI BRUSSELS.—REDUCTION OF
TARIFFS.--Notice is hereb3 given that the Submarine Telegraph to
Belgium is now open to the public.: Dispatches will be transmitted
instantaneously to and from the offices of the Company, No. 30,
Cornhill, and Brussels, and thence to all parts of Northern Europe.
The Tariffs for Messages to Paris, and all other parts of the Conti-
nent, has also been further reduced.
By order of the Directors.
G. L. PARROTT, Secretary.
30, Cornhill, 20th June, 1853.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-REVIEW
at the tiiILITARY CAMP on FRIDAY next, the 24th June.
—ln adittion to the Ordinary Trains at 7.40 A.M., 8.15 a.m., and
10.15 a.m., Special Trains will leave Paddington for Windsor at 8
a.m and 8.45 a.m. for the convenience of persons attending the Ile-
view.—Tickets for passengers, and also for carriages and horses, may
be obtained the previous day, at the Paddington station, and at the
Company's office, 25, Itegent-street (corner of Jennyn-street).

ERN RAILWAY.
[TART CAMP.
the following Trains leave PAD-
rn which Station welL-appointed
back : _

GREAT WEST
GREAT MIL.
Notice is hereby given, that I
DINGTON for WINDSOR, fro
conveyances run to the Camp and
Down trains from Paddington.
At 6.50 a.m. 2.45 p.m.
7.40 „ 3.30 „
*8.15 „ 4. 0 „
10.15 ~ 5. 0 „
*10.40 ~ 5.30 „
11.30 ~ 6.15 „
12.40 !mu. 7. 0 „
1.30 „ 8.30 „
2. 0 ~ 8.55 „
• Open Carriages will be attached to these Trains.
ON SUNDAYS.
DowN. Ur.
8 0 a.m. 12 0 p.m. 17 0 p.m. 11 9 0 a.m. 5 30 p.m. 9 15 p.m,
9 0 „ 30 „ 830 „ i 1 40 p.m. 635 „ 10 0 „
100 „50„855„ it 3 45 „ 735 „
Fares—Paddington to Windsor and back—first class, 6s. 6d.;
second class, 48. 6d. ; open carriages, 2s. 6d.
Omnibuses arid carriages will be provided at Windsor by Mr.
Thumwood, to insure which previous application must be made.
Omnibus fares on review days ...• •••• • • • • .......... s.
Do. do. on other days.... • ....... ••.. • • .....• 3s.
Carriage and pair of horses for six or seven persons .• • Ms.
-Do. and single horse for four or five persons •... 15s.
Orders should be addressed to " Mr Thumwood, Windsor Station.'
Return tickets for horses are issued from Paddington to Windsor
and back, at the following fares—single horse I Is. ; pair of horses,
17s. Bd.
Paddington, June 22, 1853.

Up Trains from Windsor.
At 8. 8 a.m. 2.50 p.m.
8.50 „ 4. 5 „
9.15 „ 5.30 „

10.10 „ 5.40 „
1..45 „ +7.25 „
12.20 p.m. *9. 0 „
1.30 „ 9.20 „
2.20 „

ROYAL EXCHANGE ASSURANCE
CORPORATION,
(Established by Royal Charter of his Majesty George 1., A.D. 1720),
For SEA, FIRE, and LIFE ASSURANCES.
OFFICES—ROYAL EXCHANGE, LONDON.
BRANCH OFFICE-29, PALL-MALL.
Octavius Wigram, Esq., Governor.
The Hon. J. T. Leslie Melville, Sub-Governor.
George Pearkes Barclay, Esq., Deputy-Governor.
DIRECTORS.
Charles John Manning, Esq.
Henry Nelson, Esq.
Edward Ilowley Palmer, Esq.
Sir John Henry Pelly, Bart.
Abraham George Robarts, Esq.
Charles Robinson, Esq.
Thomas Smith, Esq.
William Ronan, Esq.
Joseph Somes, Esq.
Thomas Tooke, Esq.
William Wallace, Esq.
Charles Baring Young, Esq.
Esq., F.R.S., Consulting Surgeon

Henry Bainbridge, Esq.
Edmond S. I'. Calvert, Esq.
John Garrett Cattley, Esq.
Alexander Colvin, Esq.
Edward Maxwell Daniell, Esq.
William Davidson, Esq.
Riversdale Wm. Grenfell, Esq.
Robert Hanbury, jun., Esq.
Robert Amadeus Heath, Esq.
William Tetlow Hibbert, Esq.
Lancelot Holland, Esq.
Sir John Wm. Lubbock, Bart.
MEDICAL REFEREE—SamueI Scilly

St. Helen's-place.
Notice.—The usual fifteen days allowed for payment of Fire Pre-
miums falling duo at Midsummer will expire on the 9th of July.
Life Assurance may be effected to the extent of Ten Thousand
Pounds on one Life ; with, or, at lower Premiums, without partici-
pation in profits.
The Reversionary BONUS on Participating Life Policies has
amounted on an average to 46 per Cent. on the amount of Premiums
paid.
Persons may serve in the Militia or Yeomanry without affecting
the validity of Policies on their Lives.
The Fees of medical referees are paid by the Corporation.
This Corporation has held a high position during upwards of v.
Century and a Quarter, and affords unquestionable security by its
capital-stock.
Royal Exchange, Lolidon.

ALEX. GREEN, Secretary.

NEW FEATURE IN LIFE ASSURANCE.
THE DEPOSIT and GENERAL LIFE
ASSURANCE COMPANY,
18, New Bridge-street, Blackfriars, London.
CAPITAL—ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND POUNDS.
TRUSTEES.
The Right Honourable the Lord Viscount Drumlanrig, M.P., P.C.,
Comptroller of her Majesty's Household.
Sir Charles Price, Bart., 3, King William-street, London.
Lieut.-General Sir W. R. Clayton. Bart, Gloucester-place, Portman-
square, and Marden-park, Surrey.
DIRECTORS.
Chairman—The Right Hon. the Viscount Drumlanrig, M.P., P.C.,
Comptroller of her Majesty's Household.
R. Yallowley Barnes, Esq., 11, City-road, Finsbury.
G. Noel Clarke, Esq., late 17th Lancers, Junior United Service Club.
George Coode, Esq., Portland-terrace, Wandsworth, and Belvoir, St.

Helier's, Jersey,
Stephen Cracknall, Esq., 1, St. John's-gardens, Notting-hill, and 11
New-square, Lincoln's-inn.
W. Jones, M.D., Davies-street, Berkeley-square, and Lutterworth,
Leicestershire.
George Knox, Esq., 15, Connaught-square, Hyde-park, and Tor
Lodge, Staffordshire.
Alexander Maclean, Esq„ Harrow-on-the-Hill.
C. Morgan, Esq., Berkeley, Gloucestershire.
David C. Poole, Esq., 32, Upper Seymour-street, Portman-square.
William Prinsep, Esq., 147, Leadenhall-street, and 8, Hyde-park-
place West.
Robert Andrew Riddell, Esq., Inner Temple, Barrister-at-Law.
Dr. Scanlan, 21, Upper Seymour-street West, Connaught-square.
Major Sperling, 14, SL James's-square.
AUDITORS,
F. J. Bigg, Esq„ 126, Strand, Actuary and Secretary to the Medical,
Legal, and General Life Office.
William Jones, Esq., Accountant, 3, Guildhall-chambers.
A. Peck, Esq., 8.A., Actuary to the Engineers and Masonic Life
Office, 345, Strand.
IL B. Sheridan, Esq., Manager of Times Assurance Company, Lnd
gate-hill.

BANKERS.
Sir Charles Price, Marryat, and Co., 3, King William-street, London
Messrs. Hopkinson and Co., 3, Regent-street.
PHYSICIANS.

Dr. Lewis, Finsbury-place.
Dr. Scanlan, 21, Upper Seymour-street West, Connaught-square.

SURGEONS.
11. T. Chapman, Esq., 16, Lower Seymour-street, Portman-square.
Michael Teevan, Esq., 44, Gloucester-place, llyde-park-gardens.
CONSULTING ACTUARY.
Francis G. P. Nelson, Esq., F.L.S.
somiTos..s.
Messrs. Hill and Mathews St. Mary-axe.
RESIDENT SECRETARY.
Charles W. Bevan, Esq.
The public is respectfully invited to examine the principles of the
Deposit System of Assurance, which is based upon tables calculated
by, and is under the immediate supervision of, Francis G. P. Nelson,
Esq., F.L.S., the Consulting Actuary to the Company.
Comparative Tables to assure 5001. on death, by a person aged
twenty next birthday, on the ORDINARY and on the DEPOSIT system
f A ssuran,

[The sum the ordinary
life Offices would give
;him if he were unable
to pay, or if be omitted
to pay his current
annual premium of
81.65. 3d. after ho has
paid into their coffers
12491.78.6 d., and which
they have had the use
of at compound
interest, or in
the event of his death
ono bour after such
omission or inability
to pay.

THE TRUST AND LOAN COMPANY OF
UPPER CANADA.—At an Extraordinary General Meeting
of the SHAREHOLDERS of the TRUST;'and LOAN COMPANY of
UPPER CANADA, held at the Offices cg the Company, 65, Moor-
gate-street, on WEDNESDAY, the 22d Jame, 1853,

A. CHAPMAN, Esq., to the Chair,
the advortiscment convening the Mectint: having been read by the
Secretary, it was proposed by Admiral Kelly, seconded by Joseph
Lawrence, Esq., and unanimously resolved. _ .

. .
That the Directors be and are hereby authorised to issue 25,000
new share of 201. each, the same to be offered rateably to the holders
of the existing stock, in pursuance of clauses 57 and GO of the Act
of Incorporation of the Company.
A Tote of thanks to the Chairman and Directors was then pro-
posed by A dmiral Kelly, seconded Ly Sir T. Fuller Drake, Bart., and
passed unanimously by the Meeting.
By order. T. MACDONALD, Secretary.

ALLOTMENT OF ESTATES.-MEMBERS
of the CONSERVATIVE LAND SOCIETY, who are on the
Olt DER OF RIGHTS, are respectfully informed that the Allotment
of the Estates on the Kirkstall and Bradford Road, Leeds, (West
Riding of Yorkshire), and at Wood Green, Tottenham, (Middlesex),
is vOSTPONED from the 25 of July, to THURSDAY, the 14th of
July, at the offices, 33. Norfolk street, Strand, London.
The EIGHTH PUBLIC DRAWING will take place at the Offices
on Saturday, the 9th of July, at Twelve o'clock, and all persons
taking shares •311 or before that day, up to the time of placing the
numbers in the wheel, will participate in the advantages of this draw-
ing. Prospectuses may be obtained of
CHARLES LEWIS GRUNEISEN, Secretary.

DUBLIN GREAT INDUSTRIAL
EXHIBITION.
TOURS IN IRELAND IN 1853.
IRISII TOURIST TICKETS (available for a month) are now
issued at the following stations:—

Ist Class. 2d Class.
London (Euston Station). ........ •....£6 10 0 £5 5 0
Edinburgh, Glasgow, Hull, Bristol, CarlLile, 6 6 0 5 5 0
Oxford, Worcester, Cheltenham, GloJcester 5 15 0 4 15 0
Birmingham, Rugby, Leamington, Coventry,
4 5 0

Wolverhampton, lluddersfield, Leeds, Shef-
field, Derby......
Manchester, Warrington, Stoke, Macelesfisid 4 4 0 3 10 0
Liverpool, Chester
They enable the holders to proceed ta-Chester, Bangor, Dublin,
Cork, and the Lakes of Killarney, and bait agatp„to the station at
which theticket was taken. - --•
Tho holder of each Irish Tourist Ticket Is entitled to have issued
to him, at the office. 52, Westland-row, Dublin, at very reduced
rates, tickets for a tour in the county Wicklow, in Kenmare and
Glengariff, up the river Shannon---for the journey from Dublin to
Belfast, for the excursion to the Giant's Causeway, and from Dublin
to Galw2y for the tour through Connemara.
Every purchaser of a ticket is presented, gratis, with a copy of the
" Illustrated Irish Tourist's Hand-Book," compiled solely for these
Tours.
'the fullest and most accurate information afforded at the Chester
and Hnlyhesl Comany's Office, 52, Westland-row, Dublin. See
also " Bradshaw's Guide," page 123.

MEDICAL ADVICE ON THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF
YOUTH AND MATURITY.
DR. ,SAMUEL LA'MERT, 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Doctor of Medicine, and Metric dated Member of the University of
Edinburgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical
Society. Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., &c.
rt 4 AY be consulted, personally, or by letter, on
it the various disorders of the nervous and generative system,
resulting tram juvenile irregularities and excesses, which have pro-
duced more misery in youth, degradation in manhood, and prema-
ture decay at all stages of life, than perhaps any other class of dis-
eases known to modern pathologists. Long and practical experience
in the treatment of these diseases has proved that there are in exist
cites secret causes of self-acquired miseries and disappointed hopes in
existence, traceable to certain pernicious habits, to which Nervous
Debility, various forms of Insanity, Unhappy and Unfruitful Marri-
ages, Impotency, Local and Constitutional Weakness, and their
endless modifications owe their almost entire origin.
It is absolutely necessary that all men should know that there are
principles of personal management which cannot be violated witheut
incurring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret succeed
the heyday of inconsiderate self-indulgence, how these penalties
may be mitigated, bow the sting of their bitterness may be remove.i,
and how the evil and its con'equenc es may be avoided, and above all,
that there is scarcely any degree of physical infirmity or functional
derangement to.which the timely aid of scion sacannot apply a cure.
DOCTOR LA'MERT has for a long series of years been engaged
In an extensive practice in the treatment of these delicate com-
plaints, and a the only legally qualified Physician who, regardless
of the taunts and envy of the hypocritical and mock-modest, has had
the confidence, through the medium of the public press, to direct
attention to these enormous evils, from which no grade of society is
tree. In selecting this department of practice, he has been amply
rewarded by the great success that has attended bis efforts in the
treatment of these cases, which are too generally confided to the
care of unqualified and ignorant empires, who, with their pirated
publications, assumed foreign names and titles, and pretended virtues
of their patent nostrums, have inflicted serious injury on those who
have been induced to place faith in their pretensions.
At home for consultation daily from Eleven till Two, and from
Six till Eight. All letters must contain the fee of 1/., and advice am'
medicines can be forwarded to any initials or address.
It 13 desirable that patients wishing to consult Dr. LA'MERT
should first obtain a copy of his work on
SELF-PRESERVATION.
A Medical Treatise on the Philosophy of Marriage and Nervous and
Generative Debility, illustrated by fifty-coloured engravings, and des-
cribing in detail the various disorders resulting from secret habits and
excesses. The perusal of this treatise will assist in the correct
description of their cases, and may be had, price 2s 6d, in English,
French, Spanish, Dutch, Italian, or German, of Messrs. Piper
Brothers and Co., 23, Paternoster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street;
Mann, 39, Cornhill ; Stogie, Titchborne-street, Haymarket; or free
by post for forty-two stamps, to any addres3 from the Author's resi-
dence, 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE. LONDON.

TRUST AND LOAN COMPANY OF 'UPPER CANADA.—
Yesterday an extraordinary general meeting of this
company was held at' the offices in Moorgate-street, to
consider the propriety of authorising the directors to
issue 25,000 new shares of 201. each, in accordance with
the provisions of the royal charter of incorporation.
Mr. Chapman occupied the chair, and stated that at the
last meeting on the same subject he had occasion to
enter so fully into the causes which had led the directors
to suggest the propriety of issuing new shares, that it
was unnecessary for him at that moment to go into
further details. The object of the creation of addi-
tional capital was to enable the directors to extend the
useful associations of the company, which there was
now a favourable opportunity of doing. Admiral Kelly
moved a resolution authorising the issue of the new
shares as above-mentioned, and congratulated the pro-
prietors on the successful management and prosperous
condition of the company. The resolution was seconded
and unanimously adopted. The chairman then observed,
in proof of the stability of the company, that the Globe
Insurance Company had offered to lend them 20,0001.
on their debentures. The meeting then separated.

EMIGRATION FROM SOUTHAMPTON.—The emigration
commissioners have chartered the following ships to
convey out emigrants from Southampton to Australia,
between this and the Ist of August next, viz., the
Oithon a, Statesman, Edinburgh, Athenian, Credenda,
Herefordshire, Pekin, Maidstone, and Epaminondas.
The gross tonnage of these vessels is about P,OOO tons.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

(From the Times.)
The Russian Government has at length broken the
silence which it had observed since the commencement
of the negotiations of Prince Menschikoff, and the Jour-
nal of St. Petersburgh has been authorised to communi-
cate to the world a circular dispatch of the 12th of June,
in which Count Nesselrode sets forth and explains, in the
sense of the Russian Cabinet, the causes of the present
crisis, and the views upon which the Emperor of Russia
is prepared to act. Our readers will find in this impor-
tant State paper, which we recommend to their attentive
perusal, a minute confirmation of the statements we have
from time to time laid before them ; and, though we en-
tirely differ from the conclusions at which the Russian
Cabinet arrives, we can discover no material fact in this
authentic narrative beyond those already known to us.
It is perfectly true, as we have all along said, that the
indiscreet interference of the French Government with
the Holy Places was the original cause of the embarrass-
ments which have since ensued, and we should insist the
more strongly on this point if it were not that the French
Government has made all the reparation in its power for
this signal blunder, by abandoning the pretensions it
had raised, and acquiescing in the last firmans with re-
ference to the Holy Places granted by the Porte to the
Russian Envoy. But, as this point is admitted by the
Russian manifesto, the substantial injury complained of
by the Emperor Nicholas must be held to have been
already repaired, and the remaining questions are,
whether the affront he had received was such as to
entitle him to exact signal reparation, and whether
the arrangement made requires a more solemn
sanction for its future maintenance. The Ottoman au-
thorities are accused of " tergiversation and duplicity,"
because they neglected to proceed to the registration
and execution at Jerusalem of the firman they had
granted at Constantinople ; and because they had sub-
sequently committede
hand h
that
La
t mosttinPatriarch
th
flagrant infractionekey o
off
the principal doOr of the chiii-Ch at Bethlehem." But,
will any one acknowledge that this act is to be regarded
as a cause of war, especially when it has been repaired
by a subsequent arrangement ? Or are we to be told,
in a State paper of the 19th century, that two empires
are brought to the verge of hostilities because it was
disputed, some months ago, which of two rival priests
of the same faith was to keep the key of a church sacred
to the nativity of their common Redeemer ? All his-
tory cannot afford so frivolous and disgraceful a pre-
tence for such proeeeding3, and we are more than ever
justified in the tone of contemptuous reprobation in
which we have uniformly spoken of the causes of such a
quarrel.

But the Russian Government goes further. It affirms
that, "as for the protection of the Greco-Russian wor-
ship in Turkey, it needs no other rights than those it al-
ready derives from its treaties, its position, and the influ-
ence resulting from the religious sympathy existing be-
tween 50 millions of Russians of the Greek Church and
the great majority of the Christian subjects of the Sultan
—an influence of ages—an influence inevitable, because
it is in facts, not in words—which the Emperor found
when he ascended the throne, and which he can-
not renounce without abandoning the glorious
inheritance of his august predecessors." Claims so
absolute, expressed in such language, are not so easily
subjected to. a process of argumentative proof. But in
this case such proof is altogether wanting. We utterly
deny this audacious attempt to identify the Eastern
Church, as it exists under its own patriarchs and synods
in the dominions of the Porte, with the Russian branch
of that Church, whose head is the Czar. This claim is
precisely that which no foreign nations can admit, be-
cause it amounts to the conversion of an alleged confor-
mity of religious worship into a title to spiritual depend-
ence and political influence. Austria has millions of
subjects as well as Turkey belonging to the Greek
Church. The, kingdom of Greece belongs entirely to
that persuasion. Is it to be contended for an instant
that the religious sympathy of these Churches with 50
millions of Russians constitutes a ground of Russian
supremacy ? The very reason for which Prince Men-
schikoff's proposals were not only rejected by Turkey,
but condemned by Europe, is that this proposition was
supposed to lurk in the guarded terms of the first article.
We cannot but regard it as an evil symptom that the
same doctrine should now be repeated more explicitly
and vehemently in a formal document, addressed not
only to the Courts of Europe, but to the Russian nation,
whose religious passions and national ambition such a
declaration is strongly calculated to excite and inflame.
It is contended that instances are not wanting in which
treaties have been concluded granting to certain Powers
a right of protection over their co-religionists in foreign
States. Thus, we hays held such stipulations in favour
of the Hungarian and Piedmontese Protestants, and
France claims similar rights in favour of ,the 'Latin
Christians in the East. But the principle iSvnot the
same, because it has never been supposed that such con-
cessions were made where they could confer political in-
fluence, and such foreign protection was only tolerated
because it applied to a very weak and scanty minority.
To apply the same principle to a mass of many millions,
constituting the large majority of the population of
Turkey in Europe, is to change its nature. But Russia
argues as if such rights already existed, and, because
exceptional rights of this nature have sometimes been
conceded by treaty, she asserts a right to demand their
formal recognition. That is to beg the question alto-
gether, and to act before the contract is signed as if it
were already in full force, for under the most binding
treaty she could do no more than threaten war to avenge
a breach of it.
The most conclusive portion of the Russian circular
appears to us to be absolutely condemnatory of the
course pursued by the Emperor Nicholas. It is argued,
with great force, that nothing can be more inconsistent
with the policy of his reign and with all his recent ac-
tions than that, having laboured with success to con-
tribute to the pacification and tranquillity of Europe
after the convulsion of 1848, he should now direct his
ambitious views to the East, where all the Powers
are united against him. It is added, that "if Russia
is strong she wants no such act as she demands,
and if she be weak it would not add to her power."
We can conceive no answer to these objections,
which are, in fact, the very same urged agalnst the
policy of Russia by every independent organ in Europe.
But,unhappily, the facts of the case contradict the theory
of this note. The publication of the note itself materially
increases the difficulty, for it cannot but excite public
opinion in Russia, and it pledges the Imperial Govern-
ment "to procure, by a more decided attitude, the
satisfaction it has vainly attempted to obtain by pacific
means." Such language, in circumstances like the pre-
sent, is the ordinary prelude to hostilities ; yet such is
the singularity of this case that without an attempt to
produce a definite cause of war, the Russian Govern-
ment affects a maudlin regret for the extremities to which
it is reduced. Such language is not dignified, for it
cannot be honest ; and it is mischievous, because it con-
tracts the already narrow ground on which it may be
possible to arrive at a compromise. The last change
in the form of Prince Menschikoff's proposals is one of
words, but not of substance ; for the note tendered by
him for the signature of the Turkish Ministers compre-
hends all the articles of the Served, and the passive ac-
ceptance of such a declaration would be as great a con-
fession of impotence as the conclusion of a treaty to the
same effect. Yet the official publication of this draught
by the Russian Government would seem to imply that
it is entirely resolved to insist on one of the two alter-
natives—of submission to these terms, or war. On one
point of the horizon, however, a hope still remains
that negotiations may be resumed. The Emperor of
Russia has applied to the Cabinet of Vienna for its good
offices at Constantinople, to induce the Porte to submit
to the ultimatum, and this circumstance has doubtless
given rise to the inaccurate statement that the mediation
of Austria had been accepted. The Austrian Govern-
ment is said to have replied that it could not give its
good offices or assistance merely to urge upon the Porte
the acceptance of terms which it did not approve, but
that it is ready to instruct the Internuncio, M. de Bruck,
to endeavour to find some middle term or means of com-
prise between the last demand of Prince Menschikoff
and the last concession of the Porte. The point, is, in
truth, a very narrow one, and if this conciliatory sugges-
tion of Austria be accepted by the Emperor of Russia
peace may still be maintained.
ld

If the Russian Government had preferred its claims to
that amount of redress to which it might fairly be en-
titled without bullying, without intimidation, and with-
out any attempt to impose on Turkey and the world, no
doubt it would have obtained all that the case required.
But it resorted to means altogether disproportioned to
the extent of its avowed pretensions, and apparently cf,
culated to defeat their success. It is impossible to sup
pose that the astute Cabinet of St. Petersburgh would
so have overplayed its part without some ultericr motive ;
and when it labours to demonstrate to Europe that,
after all, the case lies in a nutshell, and that its
claims are reduced to the most unpretending scale,
Europe will naturally ask why such claims are sup-
ported by so great an array of diplomacy and of armies,
and how it came to pass that the Emperor Nicholas
is ready to sacrifice all the most important political rela-
tions of the Continent to a matter which he himself de-
scribes as insignificant and superfluous. It is impossible
to find a justification of conduct so momentous in the
occurrences which have taken place, and the language of
peace and moderation is a mockery when it serves only
to conceal vast and uncalled-for preparations for war.
Meanwhile, the British fleet, having proceeded on its
course, reached Besika Bay on the 13th inst., the fifth
day from its leaving Malta ; and, as the French fleet was
still at Salamis on the 11th, it is probable that Admiral
Dundas was the first to arrive in the Turkish waters,
where he will, without doubt, be speedily joined by Ad-
miral Lasusse. The military preparations of the Turks
continue with great alacrity, and, from the accounts we
receive from several parts of the empire, these armaments
excite an enthusiasm not confined to the Mussulman
subjects of the Porte. The Christian populations seem
everywhere to understand that the question really at
stake is not merely the existence of the Turkish Govern-
ment or their own religious privileges, as their future
national independence, and there never was a time when
the influence of this country predominated more exten-
t sively in the East than at the present moment. We
owe that influence to a policy the most opposite to that
which Russia has pursued, Our commercial enterprise