The Sun.
London, England, 1854-01-20 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 20, 1854.

riches, for they would have enabled him to main- I
tain his independence, and to gain his own liveli-
hood by his own exertions. But a great principle
was to be vindicated. Less than the cost of one
week's subsistence in the house would have suf-
ficed, and a great saving would have been effected
to the funds of the Union. A loaf of bread and
some oatmeal was all he could get, accompanied
by an order to go into the workhouse. But Ems
had that spirit which ought to be cherished and
cultivated.: he entertained the utmost repugnance
to the confinement. To use his own words, "he
could not bear the thought of it," and therefore
the Stepney " GRANNET" gave him " exactly what
he did not want," the order for admission.
Are these things to be for ever tolerated? Are we
to submit much longer to the crying shame, the
deep reproach of this brutal and habitual inhu-
manity on the part of public officers. It is very
well to save the rates as much as possible, but
such savings are too dearly purchased at the cost
of human life. A due discrimination should be
exercised, but it should not be for the purpose of
giving the applicants " exactly what they don't
want ;" but, on the contrary, of rendering the
relief as beneficial to the recipients as practicable,
and, consistently with that paramount object, at
the least possible expense to the parish. That,
however, is but the secondary object, and we are
convinced that the cheese-paring economy that
adds to the misery of the paupers is not and
cannot be acceptable even to the most economical
rate-payer. We live in a Christian country, and
we should strive to act in a manner befitting the
precepts of the Divine Founder of our religion.

COURT CIRCULAR.

WINDSOR, JAN. 19.

The Queen, accompanied by the Countess Walewski
and the Marchioness of Westminster, attended by
Viscountess Canning, walked in the Home Park this
morning, and took a carriage drive.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert, accompanied by
the Duke of Newcastle, Viscount Canning, and the Right
Hon. Sidney Herbert, went out shooting, attended by
Colonel Wylde.
The dinner party yesterday included her Royal High-
ness the Duchess of Kent, the French Ambassador and
the Countess Walewski, the Duke of Newcastle, the
Marquis and Marchioness of Westminster and Lady
Agnes Grosvenor, the Earl and Countess of Shaftesbury,
the Lady in Waiting to the Duchess of Kent, the Baroness
(le Speth, Viscount Canning, Lord Ernest Bruce, the
Right Hon. Sidney and Mrs. Herbert, the Right Hon.
Spencer and Mrs. Walpole, Major-General Wetherall,
and Mr. Gibbs.

The band of the Ist Life Guards attended in the Castle
luring dinner, and performed the following composi-

tions :
March, " Sultan"
Overture, " Struensee"
Walzer, " Sylvan"
Selection, " La Gazza Ladra"
March, " Feiza Baari."
Galop, " Masquerade" (Corsican
Brothers)
Polka, " Coral Cave" Welling-ton Guernsey.
Her Majesty's private band afterwards attended.

. Donizetti.
. Meyerbeer.
. Tinney.
. Rossini.

A deputation from the authorities of Eton College ILA
an Interview yesterday with the General Board of Health,
at their offices, Whitehall. The deputation consisted of
the Provost (the Rev. Dr. Hawtrey), the Rev. Dr. Good-
ford (Head Master of the College), the Rev. T. Carter,
and Messrs. Stevens and Williams.

Tne Right Hon. Henry Goulb-.4rn had an interview
with Viscount Palmerston yesterday, at the Home-office.
The Chancellor of the Exchequer had a dinner party
yesterday, at his residence in Downing-street. The com-
pany included the Earl of Aberdeen, the Chevalier Bun-
sen, Prussian Minister, Lord Elcho, Lord Lyttelton, Sir
Robert H. Inglis, Sir Stafford Northcote, the Hon.
Arthur Gordon, the Hon. Francis Lawley, and Mr.
Laciata.

The Royal Commission for inquiry into the state of
the Corporation of the City of London held a meeting
yesterday, at the Privy Council•office, Downing-street.
The commissioners present were the Right Hon. H. La-
bouchere, the Right Hon. Sir J. Patttson, and G. Cor-
newall Lewis, Esq.
Despatches were sent from the Colonial-office yester-
day to the Governors of Hong Kong and Ceylon.

MONEY MARKET

.•• ND
COMMEaCIAL INTELLIGENCII.

CITY, TWO O'CLOCK

The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday
were estimated at 6,000 bales, of which 1,000 Ame-
rican and 500 Egyptian were taken on speculation.
The market closed steadily, without change in
prices. The sales comprised 100 Pernam and
Maranham at qd. to 7id., 1,000 Egyptian at 61d.
to Is., 800 Surat at 3d. to 311, and 130 Bahia at
6d. to 6d. per lb. Railway shares were flat ;
lower prices.

Colonial produce has been taken to a large ex-
tent this week at steady prices generally. Russian
staples, however, have advanced. Not much has
been done in tea ; sugar has supported previous
rates, and coffee is firm. There have been fair
dealings in cotton ; dye goods have been in request,
and Scotch pig iron is cheaper.
The Gold Mining Companies of Australia have
been subjected to rather searching investigation of
late, and the committee of shareholders have
elicited the important fact that partly through
mismanagement, partly through fraud, many of
them have proved abortive, and have swamped the
capital of the subscribers. There are others, on
the contrary, which may even now by vigorous
exertion and honesty of purpose be retrieved,
wherethe object is chiefly to apply machinery rather
than to search for the gold. There are some other
undertakings concerning which the shareholders
are very naturally becoming impatient and anxious
for inquiry, and it is singular that as regards the
Cost Book principle, it was declared by competent
judges the moment the question was mooted to be
wholly inapplicable to foreign projects. The Cali-

fornian companies have in several cases resulted in
no good, any more than the colonial, formed more
recently, and communications are being addressed
to the Committee of Shareholders which will
supply ample data to proceed upon. One
of these, we understand, is the Ave Maria,
and the exceptions taken to the management are
numerous and important. It is right that, as
early as possible, these should be brought under
notice with a view to explanation or to the inau-
guration of more satisfactory arrangements in fu-
ture. Early in 1852, the engineers and staff pro-
ceeded from England ; but at Grey Town, in Cen-
tral America, it was found the machinery could
not be taken on, and it had, consequently,
to be sent back to England. About the
middle of 1852, the party of fifteen persons
arrived at San Francisco, and after the ground
at Maraposa was inspected it was found to be
valueless for gold. There was, nevertheless, we
are told, a waste of labour and skill persevered in
by the local manager, and at length a new tract at
Nevada was taken. The owner was to receive
10,000 shares for his property, and 75 per cent. of
the gross produce of the mine, and the shares being
at a premium, the directors, it is asserted, pushed
them at once into the market. Is the profit
carried to the cred,t of the proprietary ?
All this time nothing whatever seems to
have been done to carry out the legitimate
company, 'and heavy claims
purpose of a mining
for miners' wages, &-c., have been accumulated.
How much is left of the funds of the company,
what mine it possesses, and what prospect there is
of a favourable result, it is high. time the share-
holders were informed. The Golden Mountain
Company is one that has no enviable notoriety, and
the competent parties sent out to inspect its mine
were never permitted, it is said, even to see it,
but sent back again by the local agent. The West
Mariposa officials quarrelled among themselves,

and one only, now represents the Company at the
Pittsburg works. The Quartz Rock, and even the
Nouveau Monde have some little debts to wipe off
in the way of satisfactory information to their
shareholders, who are pretty well tired of para-
graphs referring to minor• matters that bring them
no nearer to a dividend.

The ship of war Thetis, from the Pacific, brings

700,000 dollars, and much more is coming forward.
The amount of specie on board the Himalaya
steamer, which leaves Southampton for India this
day, is 153,7261., chiefly in silver, to Calcutta and
Shanghai. There is also gold to Malta and Alex-
andria.

BRITISII MlNES.—There is a moderate business
doing to-day, and prices are steady generally :
Alfred Consols, 241 to 25i ; Treweather, 41 to ;
Poltimores, Ito ; Tremollet, to 4 ; Sortridge
Consols, 30s. to 355. ; Great Crimis, 30s. pm. ;
East Russell, 6to ; Cwm Daren, 14s. 6d. to 15s.
6d. ; Hingston Downs, 81. to 9 ; Molland, 10s. to
11s. 6d.

The current prices for the Jamaica Mines not
officially quoted, are this morning, as follows :
Jamaica, kto premium ; Metdalfe, to / pre-
mium ; Sue River, / discount to par ; Port Royal,
1- to / premium.
The English Funds have been quieter this morn-

ing, without any great change in prices. The
supply of stock, however, is adequate, and with
foreign politics so threatening, the speculators for a
rise are afraid to act boldly. Consols have been 91/
to 92 for transfer and account, but are now 911
The New 34 per Cents. have been 93k to and the 3
per Cents. 921 to I. Bank Stock is at 2171, being
rather firmer, and for account has been as high as
218. Exchequer Bills 7s. to 10s. premium, and
and India Bonds par to 4s. premium. The Bank
of France having advanced its rate of discount to
5 per cent., there is a probability of money be-
coming dearer here also.
Foreign Stocks are heavy. Dutch 21 per Cents.
have declined to 62k and 61k, and the 4 per Cents.
to 931 I. Russian 44- per Cents. have been at
91i. Portuguese 4 per Cents. have been 38k.
Mexican are firm at 23g. It is stated that a good
deal of specie is at the Mexican ports on the Pa-
cific awaiting shipment to England.
In Railway Shares there has been rather more
doing, buyers having generally an advantage.
There is, however, some improvement in Great
Northern, and York and Berwick. French Shares
continue heavy.
The Gold Companies' Shares are flat, the Land
Companies' lower, and the Banks duller.

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.

(From the Official List. )

Business done.

Bank Stock .......,........
.....
.......... ...... 2174 ----
---
: per Cent. Reduced Annuities 92i g
3 per Cent. Consols Annuities 92 li 2 li
New 31 per Cont. Annuities 934 11
2iper Cent
India Bonds, £lOOO 4 p
Ditto, under £lOOO par 4 p
Bank Stock for Account 2lB
-- _

Consols fort Account 15th Feb. 92 ii 2
Exchequer Bills, ld.
£lOOO ......................... - ........... 710 p
ZOO 7 10 p
Small 7 10 p
PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Maxi= 3 per Cent.
Portuguese Bonds, 4 per Cent. 3Bl
Russian Bonds, 1822, 5 per Cent. £ St
Ditto 4} per Cent 9li
Spanish Bonds, 3 per Cent 42A
Dividends on the above payable in London.

Dutch Exchange, 2i per Cent. 12 Gu11..... 61 21
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates

HALF-PAST TWO.
91h
Consols

..
HARMONIC, UNION, EXETER-HALL. —2lllendelssohn's
"Elijah" will be performed on Monday next, when Signor
Belletti will make his first appearance in London in that
celebrated oratorio.

DETERMINED SUICIDE (Tilts DAY.)—This morning a
man of the name of John Williams, Rose and Crown-
court, Eldon•street, Finsbury, committed self-destruction
by hanging himself with his neckerchief. The unfortu-
nate man had been in a desponding state of mind for
some time. No cause is assigned for the rash act.
DREADFUL ACCIDENT AT FOOT'S CRAY (THIS DAY).—
This morning a dreadful accident occurred to Emma
Kibble, which is 1 kely to terminate fatally, under the
following melancholy circumstances. It appears the
unfortunate female was employed at Messrs. Joyson's
paper mills, Foot's Cray, St. Mary's, Kent, when her
dress was caught in the machinery of the paper mills,
dragging her in and crushing her in a horrible manner.
Her screams brought assistance, when the mill was
stopped and the poor creature extricated. Without loss
of time she was conveyed to Dorcas's ward, St. Thomas's
Hospital, where Mr. South, surgeon, was in immediate
attendance, and performed amputation of the legs, as
the only means of saving the life of the sufferer ; but
from the severe injuries received, not the slightest hopes
are entertained of her reoovery.

LATEST FOREIGN NEWS.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

Advices have reached Paris from St. Petersburg,
of the 12th of January, which describe the position
of affairs as affording little hope for the mainte-
nance of peace. The Emperor is described by those
who have an opportunity of observing his move-
ments, as living in a state of religious exaltation,
regarding himself as the chosen instrument, under
the hand of God, to drive the Moslem from Europe,
and only regretting that he should have allowed
so many years to pass by without fulfilling his
destiny.
The populace at St. Petersburg have worked
themselves up to the highest pitch of fanaticism,
cheering the Emperor whenever he appears in pub-
lic with the wildest enthusiasm, and denouncing
as traitors all who dare to speak of peace.
The only Minister who is supposed to advocate a
peaceful course is Count Nesselrode, and lie has
entirely lost his influence with his Imperial master.
Count Orloff, on the other hand, who is the Empe-
ror's dearest friend, is eager for war.
The Russian Court Gazette has lately teemed with
articles abusive of England and France, who are de-
scribed as having invented for the Turks the word
" independence," a term hitherto unknown in the
Turkish vocabulary, and as teaching the Porte to
desert its best friend, Russia—the only Power
which is able "to protect the East against the
tempests of the West."

The Post-office steamer the Tancrede arrived at
Marseilles during the night of Tuesday. She
quitted Constantinople on the sth of January. The
city was tranquil, and the entry of the combined
fleets had produced a great sensation, and the best
effect on the feelings of the population.
The fleets, being thwarted by a • violent wind,
had been obliged to anchor at the entrance of the
Black Sea. On the 4th they continued their cruise,
under the command of Admiral Dundas. They
were accompanied by twenty Turkish sail and five
frigates, from which it was presumed that they
were about to reinforce the garrison of Batoum.
, It was feared that all the Russian fleet, consist-
ing of forty ships, of which one-half are of the line,
might have come out of Sebastopol. On this ac-
count Admiral Dundas did not wish to disseminate
his fleet, as was intended in the first instance, and,
in the uncertainty as to the plans of the Russian
admiral, he entered with all his forces into the
Black Sea.
The instructions to the admirals of the French
and English vessels are—To salute Russian vessels;
to warn them to return to a Russian port ; to
accompany Turkish vessels to different Turkish
ports ; to cruise off the Turkish coasts ; to avoid all
collision with Russian vessels, and to prevent the
same between the belligerents ; not to approach
the Russian coast ; and, if attacked by Russians,
to act simply on the defensive.
A private despatch received from Vienna, by a
commercial house in Paris, states that orders had
been sent to Sebastopol by the Emperor of Russia
for the whole fleet to put to sea.

The Vienna correspondent of the Morning
Chronicle, writing on the 16th inst., says :
" I am bound to express my conviction that war
has become almost inevitable. We may possibly
have to witness a few weeks' more of diplomatic
manoeuvring ; but, I take it, the die is cast at last.
The three great Powers—that is England, France,
and Russia—have gone too far to retreat or to
yield."

The defeats sustained by the Turks in Asia were
confirmed. The Ottoman general had retired to

Erzeroum.
The report was spread that the Czar showed
himself intractable.
It was stated that four companies of Russian
troops had deserted and joined the Turks at Kalafat.
The following telegraphic despatch was received
at Vienna yesterday, dated Constantinople,. Jan.
9th :
" Arif Pacha is appointed Minister of Police.
" The English division consists of ten ships of
the line, one frigate and seven steamers.
" A Russian division of 24 sail was said to have
-appeared of Batoum.
" A French captain had been killed in a duel by
another French officer.

" Prince Gortschakoff arrived at Kiajova on the

13th.

" The Russians had 2,700 killed in the recent
affair. Turks, 1,100."
Letters from the frontiers of Poland of the 13th
state that orders for the mobilisation of the Rus-
sian army have been given for some time past.
Letters from the shores of the Black Sea state
that the Russians are establishing at different
points, and more especially in the Crimea, defen-
sive intrenchments and coast batteries. They have
changed the direction of the fires and lighthouses
constructed to protect vessels arriving from the
offing, and have also reinforced the garrisons of
the towns beyond the maximum of war.

The news of the entrance of the fleets has pro-
duced great terror in these Russian ports.
No account, the authenticity of which can be
relied upon, has yet been received of the military
operations in Wallachia since the publication of
the telegraphic despatch in the Illoniteur, which
came up to the Bth ; and the details of what took
place from the 6th to the Bth are as yet derived
from sources upon which little reliance is to be
placed. The Debects has received from its corres-
pondent at 'Vienna the bulletin of the Russian
commander-in-chief, and some particulars which
he has picked up, but for the truth of which lie can-
not vouch. As to the Russian bulletin, our readers
are too well aware of the practice of the Russian
generals in exaggerating their victories and con-
cealing their defeats to take it as a faithful relation
of events. The mere fact of Prince Gortschakoff
stating that the Turks lost 3,000 men, although
according to his account they were three to one
against the Russians, is sufficient to throw dis-
credit upon the entire bulletin. The Debats
says :

"Our correspondent at Vienna has transmitted to us
the bulletin of General Prince Gortschakoff of the
battle between the Turks and Russians at Tchetal6 on
the 6th inst. According to the Russian bulletin, the
Turks had a force of 18,000 men and 24 pieces of artil-
lery, the Russians had about 6,000 men and 6 pieces of
cannon. The bulletin says On the 6th January the
Turks, to the number of 18,000 men, with 24 pieces of
cannon, attacked at Tchetald the right wing of the de-
tachment of General Count Aurcp. The three batta-
lions with six pieces of cannon, of which the force
was composed, heroically supported the attack of the
Turks until the arrival of General Bellegarde on the
right flank of the enemy with four battalions. On
the approach of this reinforcement, the Turks directed
a part of their force against it. The combat continued
at first with great violence, but the enemy was soon
after compelled to retreat on Kalafat. In this glori-
ous affair, in which seven Russian battalions repulsed
an enemy more than triple their number, the Turks
lost six guns, abandoned a quantity of arms on the field
of battle, and lost more than 3,000 men. Among the
killed is a Pasha.' Our correspondent adds, that the
Tobolsk regiment which formed the detachment which
was attacked by the Turks had six officers killed and 27
wounded out of the total number of 51. This alone
shows the dermination with which the Turkish troops
fought. The Austrian Government had received fur-
ther accounts from the theatre of war ; on the Bth there
was another very sanguinary affair in the neighbourhood
of Tchetal4 ; the Turks at first obtained the advantage
and gained ground, but nevertheless they had retired on
Salafat. Our letter also speaks of a third combat which
is said to have taken place on the 9th, which was also
very sanguinary, and after which the Turks are said to
have evacuated Balafat, where the Russians-established
themselves. On this last point, however, the account
is less affirmative, time having been wanting to complete
their information."
According to the National Gazette of Berlin the
project of establishing an Austrian corps of ob-
servation on the frontiers of Turkey has been aban-
doned. Financial embarrassments have been the
principal cause of giving up that measure.
A letter from St. Petersburg of the 9th, in the
National Gazette of Berlin, says
"On the occasion of the fete of Christmas-day, the
Emperor sent to the cadets of the naval school a Turkish
flag which had been taken by the Vladimir, from the
Turkish steamer Pervas Bairi. The letter which accom-
panied this present contai#3 the following :—` In 1827
the Alexandre Newski captured a Turkish flag near Na-
varino, and as the cadets now serving have proved that
they were the worthy sons of the heroes of Navarino, it
is just that the establishment of cadets should receive a
fresh present.' General Scherkoff has received the Order
of the White Eagle. Other generals and superior officers
have also received decorations, but nevertheless something
more was expected from the generosity of the Emperor
after such celebrated victories. Gloom appears to per-
vade the Court. The declaration of neutrality of Den-
mark and Sweden has reached here, and it has given
satisfaction, because it announces that the Scandinav,an

.....
States will observe the strictest neutrality in the Baltic,
e if that Sea should become the scene of military opera-

tions. The Government consoles itself fot Ile delay
in the arrangement of the Eastern question 'by the con-
sideration that time is gained for the concentration of
troops. Nothing is known relative to the deparature of
grenadiers for Finland. The official journal publishes a
ukase relative to the system of recruiting. The drawing
by lot which has' been adopted for the last 14 years in
the Imperial domains will be henceforth applied in
the other cities and localities, and in the colonies. It
will not, however, be applied in the provinces of the
Baltic, in Bessarabia or in Caucasia, neither will it be
applied to the Jews. In future all soldiers incorporated
in the army will not be free until after they have served
22 years in the guards, or 25 years in the line."
A letter from Frankfort, in the New Prussian
Gazette, says it is confidently reported that the
French Government has had a note presented to
the German diet, stating, that whatever may be
the complications created by the Eastern question,
it will respect the neutrality of the confederation.
It is announced that the two great powers of Ger-
many are to publish a solemn declaration of neu-
trality, the time of which will depend on the ap-
pearance of that which the Germanic diet will make
in the name of the confederation. _

In his last letter, " from the Lower Danube,"
the correspondent of the Medical Weekly Journal
speaks of many wounded men having been brought
in from Tultscha, Isaktchi, and Matshin. The
writer, who is evidently in good spirits, informs us
that in Kalafat accommodations are prepared for
1,500 men. " The chief medical officer demands
among other necessaries bed-clothes and syringes."
Inhabitants and soldiers, Turks and Europeans, are
heartily tired of the inactivity to which they have
so long been condemned, and the unceasing cry is
" War, bottle, victory, and - booty." The de-
feat of the Russians at Zetati must have been most
signal, as the Oest. Correspondence does not venture
to give us any particulars.
It is stated that despatches have been received
from Vienna, with intelligence that there is no
chance whatever of the Emperor Nicholas accepting
any propositions of arrangement such as those re-
cently made to him ; and, in fact, that sufficient is
known to leave very little doubt of an absolute
refusal. The entry of the combined squadrons into
the Black Sea has confirmed him in that resolu-

tion, and there now indeed remains no alternative
but to have recourse to those means of compulsion
and chastisement which the patience and humanity
of the negotiating Powers have delayed to the last
moment. If the time for action is at length come,
the more speedy and terrible the blow the better.

It is also said that M. de Kisseleff has received
despatches informing him that he must consider the
entry of the fleets into the Black Sea as tantamount
to a declaration of war. If so, his stay will not be

long in the capital, and the French Ambassador at
St. Petersburg will no doubt be soon in Paris.
About two o'clock yesterday the Austrian Minister
visited the Russian Ambassador. They remained
some time together, and then proceeded to the
Foreign office, and after that to the Tuileries. They
appeared, observes a person who saw them, to be in
a state of agitation. It is consequently inferred
that the moment for M. de Kisseleff to take the
step which has been so long anticipated is at length
come, and that unless some new and unforeseen in-
cident arrive he will not remain long in Paris.
A letter from Orsova, dated the 12th inst., says
that the conflict between the Turks and Russianshad.
been suspended. Both parties occupied their
former positions. No important advantages had
been gained on either side. The following is what
is positively known in reference to the different
engagements :—After the conflict of the 6th inst.,
which ended in the withdrawal of the Turks from
I the field, the Russians remained in possession of
Citale, which, however, they abandoned on the
7th, having first reduced it to ashes. On the Bth,
the Turks, 16,000 strong, attacked the centre of
Aurep's corps (strengthened by the right wing), at
Pertschow, in the vicinity of Radovan. The con-
flict was as sanguinary as that of the 6th. The
Turks remained in their position. On the 10th
the latter were attacked by the Russians, and com-
pelled to retire towards Kalafat. The Russians
were strengthening themselves from all sides.
Omer Pacha and Lord Dudley Stuart were in
Widdin.
Another letter from Orsova brings the Turkish

bulletin of the engagement of the 6th inst. Selim
Pacha directed the movement. It states that the
Russians, who were 18,000 strong, were completely

routed by the Turks, and had suffered a loss Of
3,000 killed. The Turks have pushed forward
by land, and their movements were supported by
cannon-barges sent up the Danube. A combina-
tion of the Turkish forces had in this manner been
effected near Citale. The Greek bishop of Wid-
din had read this bulletin in the church, and given
thanks for the victory.