The Sun.
London, England, 1853-06-13 00:00:00

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[ PRICE sr.

SOUTH AMERICA.

The Royal Mail steam-ship Teviot, Captain C.
11. Onslow, arrived at Southampton on Saturday
last, bringing the usual monthly Brazil and Rio de
la Plata mails, in charge of Lieutenant Whipple,
R.N., Admiralty agent.

The Teviot has experienced fine weather through-
out the passage, and has arrived at Southampton
nearly five days and a-half before the mails are due
at the General Post-office. The latest dates are—
Buenos Ayres, May 2 ; Monte Video, May 5 ; Rio
de Janeiro, May 15 ; Bahia, May 19 ; Pernambuco,
May 22 ; St. Vincent's (Cape Verde), May 30 ;
Teneriffe, June 3 ; Madeira, June 4 ; Lisbon,
June 7. _ _ _

The Teviot received 20 passengers from the River
Plate and 185 at the Brazilian ports. Of these 86
were landed at Lisbon, and 147 have been brought
to Southampton. The freight list comprises 201 b.
weight of gold dust, 17 packages of diamonds, 22
serous of cochineal, 308 barrels of tapioca, 4 bales
of wool, 141 boxes of oranges, 90 boxes of potatoes,
and 123 packages of sundries.
A few hours after leaving Pernambuco the Teviot
spoke the Augia, Capt. Duprey, from Bahia, bound
to Liverpool, having left on the Bth of May. This
vessel was suffering from fever, and had deaths on
board. On the 29th ult. she spoke the Jolly Robin,
off St. Vincent's. On the Bth inst. signalled the
Enmore, bound south.
The ship Bombay, Capt. Flamark, put into Rio,
on the Bth of May, having sailed from Melbourne
on the 28th of February with 70 passengers, 2,000
bales of wool, and 25,000 ounces of gold dust.
When within 500 miles of Rio she sprung a leak,
and the crew and passengers had to work day and
night at the pumps for a week. The Bombay was
discharging cargo, and would have to be surveyed.
In consequence of the fever prevailing at Rio most
of the passengers availed themselves of the Teviot
to take passage to England.
The screw steam-ship Antelope, bound to Aus-
tralia, arrived at Rio on the 11th ult., her machin-
ery, which was repaired at Madeira, having again
given way. She was to be properly repaired at
Rio, the necessary facilities existing at that port •
but it was expected the castings would not be
ready for 3 weeks. The passengers were extremely
disappointed that, from some misunderstanding,
the now machinery intended for this vessel had
been sent out by the Brilliant and by the African
mail steamer, and was therefore left at St. Vin-
cent instead of going out by the Teviot, as in-
tended, to Rio.
The news brought by this steamer from the
River Plate is again of a most unfavourable cha-
racter. The siege of the city of Buenos Ayres
still continued, but was carried on merely by a
species of skirmishing guerilla warfare in the out-
skirts of the town, by which much property was
destroyed, and many lives sacrificed. It was stated
that the forces under General Urquiza, which sur-
rounded the capital, were not sufficiently nume-
rous to take it by assault, and hence the slow pro-
gress of the military operations carried on by the
insurgent forces. The Buenos Ayrean squadron
sustained a defeat with the loss of two vessels near
the island of Martin Garcia on the 18th of April,
and General Urquiza, following up his success, had
declared a rigorous blockade of the port of Buenos
Ayres on the 23d of that month. This measure
had caused great indignation among the foreign
merchants in Buenos Ayres. Circulars intimating
the establishment of a blockade were addressed on
the 23d of April to the consuls and commanders of
the naval forces of all foreign nations, and allow-
ing 20 days for the departure of vessels in port ;
but this period, it was expected, would be ex-
tended. Fresh negotiations for peace had been
commenced under the auspices of the Brazilian
and Bolivian Ministers, but it was not expected
that they would lead to any good result.
Commercial and financial matters were in a most
deplorable state, with no prospect of any imme-
diate or satisfactory change. The foreign agents
generally were in very bad repute with the Liberal
party in Buenos Ayres. Exchange on England was
665. to 675. per doubloon , doubloons, $340 to
$345 currency each.
On the political aspect of affairs the British
Packet has the following :
" Disposed as we are to view things and events on the
sunny side, we cannot extract from the present un-
toward complications anything prospectively cheering,
or even comfortable for foreign commercial relations.
Assuming the most favourable and only desirable solu-
tion, the definitive triumph of the cause of decency,
order, and legality, we cannot help foreseeing that the
available resources of this unfortunate community are
forestalled and irretrievably crippled for an indefinite
period. Not to speak of the sacrifices that have been
made, and those that may still be indispensably neces-
,ary on the part of the capital, the havoc and spolia-
tions already consummated in the rural districts of this
province, by the Pampas Indians on the one hand, and
our marauding insurgents on the other, are of a nature
and extent not to be retrieved in two years, or ten years
of profound tranquillity. These evils are certain and
irreparable, whatever may be the issue of the contest, and
we need not stop to depict their blighting effects on all
commercial interests and prospects.
"And, adopting the opposite alternative, the tempo-
rary triumph of the rebellion, all the evils above alluded
to are equally imminent and unavoidable, with a train
of others that seem to have escaped the attention of our
diplomatic and consular agents, and, what is still more
unaccountable, that of a large portion of the resident
commercial community. At present we can only glance
at a few of the more prominent.
"Allowing that the fortunes of war may subject the
capital and province of Buenos Ayres to an unreason-
able or a dishonourable settlement of the pending ques-
tions, there is no power, or combination of powers, with-
in the Republic that can enforce its observatce for even
six months. A new reaction, and a now struggle, with
embittered rancour, are the sorry fruits of this purblind
policy.
" Granting General Urquiza seated in the chair of
state, could he rely on the sympathies and support of the
native community ? He would require a body guard of
at least 10,000 foreign mercenaries; and even these, in the
lapse of a briefer period than we care to name, would
fraternise with the native citizens. If the power were
delegated to Galan, Lagos, or any other creature of his
will and dependence, we need scarcely say that the same
effects would ensue with increased certainty and viru-
lence.
"Again, the successive emissions of paper money
are an undeniable evil ; against which, however, import
interests are better guaranteed than most other classes
of the community, despite the precedence assigned
them by Don Angel Elias in his begging letter to the
foreign Consuls. Would the induction of the Urquiza
faction in any way obviate the probability or necessity
of said emissions ? On the contrary, we see the absolute
certainty of another and immediate emission of at least
100,000,000 to liquidate the expenses of the present re-
bellion.
" In short, foreign commercial interests and prospects
in the River Plate are inseparably bound up with the
independence, tranquillity, and order of the province of
Buenos Ayres ; and the enthronement of a wanton and
unprovoked rebellion, instigated and fomented by foreign
influences, and for purely personal purposes, would
assuredly be the severest blow that can be inflicted upon
them. We have weighed the case in all its bearings,
and repeat our unwavering conviction, that the treaty
of the 9th of March, with the guarantee of two or more
neutral and friendly Powers, is our only port of salva-
tion for the present, our only anchor of hope for the
future. The horrors of a siege or the privations of a
blockade cannot convert wrong into right, can never
reconcile the oppressed to the yoke and domination of
the oppressor ; but, recognised and apparently coun-
tenanced by our foreign agents, they must impair, and
may eventually alienate sympathies and predilections, in
which a numerous class of British residents and a vast
amount of British interests are deeply interested."
The same journal, in reference to the new nego-
tiations entered upon, says :
"Hoping against hope, the Government has acceded
to the appointment of another commission, consisting
of Drs. Tejedor, Portela, and Obligado, while that of
General Urquiza consists of Drs. Pico, Fidel, Lopez,
and Colonel Ramiro. They have already had two inter-
views in presence of the mediating Ministers, and public
opinion decidedly anticipates a favourable result. We,
too, have faith in the commissioners, but, after our ex-
perience of the 9th of March, we are chary on the point
of ultimate ratification. At all events, there is suspen-
sion of hostilities, and the discussions that take place in
the presence of such enlightened umpires and unim-
peachable witnesses cannot fail to elucidate the truth
and justice of the respective pretensions. With such
representatives and such umpires the cause of Buenos
Ayres has nothing to fear from the most rigid scrutiny.
In connection with this episode a number of interesting
diplomatic notes have been exchanged."
From Monte Video there is no political news of

importance ; everything remained quiet. Business
was improving, owing principally to the disturbed
state of Buenos Ayres forcing most of the dealers
from the provinces of the Argentine Confederation
to supply themselves from that market. Exchange
42k, with an upward tendency. In freights some
charters had been closed at 425. 6d. to 455. for
salted, and 70s. for dry hides.
At Rio Grande, on the 2d of May, there were
no disengaged vessels in port. The last rates paid
were 575. Gd. to 625. 6d.
From Rio de Janeiro our dates are to the 15th
of May. Money was in extreme request, and. for
several days the bankg had refused all applications
for discounts. On the 6th ult. the Minister of
Finance presented the estimates for 1853-4 to the