The Sun.
London, England, 1853-04-16 00:00:00

Notes Issued ...• .. £
.. 32,816,460

X 32,416,460 I £32,816,4.60
M. MARSHALL, Chief Cashier.
Dated the 14th day of April, 1853.

On Wednesday evening a paper was read before this
society by Wm. Bollaert, Esq., F.R.G.S., "On the
Incas of Peru, the Indians of South Peru, and on some
Indian remains in the province of Tarapaca."
The origin of the term Peru is involved in obscurity, it
may be derived from Biru, the name of a river ; the an-
cient inhabitants of Quito were called Puru-ayes. The
author stated that the word Inca was probably derived
from Inti the sun, but that the language of the first
Incas appear to be lost, and, moreover, that the Incas
adopted the language of one of the nations they con-
quered, namely, the Quichna. The shores of Peru have
yielded, since 1838, more than half a million tons of
guano, and in the South, the province of Tarapaca has
exported, since 1831, more than 250,000 tons of nitrate
of soda. In the same district, a new boracic acid mineral
has been discovered. The author alluded in particular to
the cyclopean ruins of Tia-Huanaen 12,900 feet above the
sea, south of Lako Titicaca, and which were of a period
long before that of the Incas. Mr. Bollaert, con-
sidered the year A.D. 1109, to be about that of the co,a-
mencement of the reign of Manco Capac, and the death of
Atahualpa is put down in 1533, and he stated that it
was generally agreed upon that the peopling of the New
World had been from Asia, principally ; but at a very
early period indeed. The author gave particulars of
several traditions concerning the origin of the Incas,
their history, conquests, and architectural works, &c.
Mr. Bollaert mentioned that on the landing of Pizzaro,
the Peruvians had attained a high degree of civilisation,
much higher than any other prior to the use of gi aphio
records. He noticed the existence of roads 500 leagues
in length, causeways through morasses, ruins of numer-
ous frontier fortresses, palaces, winter palaces with their
gardens and fountains, baths, quarries, mausolean
towers, swinging and floating bridges, open and subter-
ranean aqueducts, and other works furnish, whether in
ruins or converted by the Spaniards into barracks or ,
monasteries, evidences of the taste, power, and opulence
of the Incas, and vastness of the population. The ,
Quichna and Aymara languages were those mostly
spoken in Peru, originally oral, were learnt by the
Spaniards, and made by them to follow the Greek
and Latin construction. The author bad opened
many tombs or huacas, and although a few of the
skulls found within appeared somewhat elon-
gated, the greater number were not so, and he thought
that when skulls had been found of any peculiar form,
such had been caused by artificial means, a practice com- VESSELS SPOKEN WITH.
mon among some of the Peruvian Indians as late as the The Surat, Liverpool to Calcutta, Dec. 15, let. 25,
16th century. In the huacas, the mummies placed in a , long. 23.
The Union , London to Hobart Town, out 103 days ;, Canton to London, out 24 days, lat. 13 S.,
sitting position, were often found images of gold and and C0,3,1f _tt cius silver, pottery, arms, tools, fishing implements, mirrors lono•
of silver and polished stone, hatchets of copper, dried
fruits, maize, shell,, fossil bones of animals, &c. Some I
curious Indian pictography was described as existing in
the province of Tarapaca, produced by scooping out
lines in soft ground, twelve to eighteen inches broad and
six deep, representing men, women, llamas, dogs, circles, (Prom t7e London New Price Current of yesterday .)
squares, and other forms, some of the figures being SUGAR.—To day West India sugar was purchased with
twenty to thirty feet high. Indian pictography, Byrn. reluctance for home consumption, the rates accepted
bolic and representative devices, are common to the were in some cases rather under those of Friday last for
nations of the New World. In North America they grocery and refining sorts. Operations amounted to 317
are cut in rocks, trees, or painted on skins. hhds, &c., including in auction 58 hhds and 68 brls. Bar-
At a high pass, called Pacheta, in the.,Aeh_cles.of Tara- Gbda, oaensdwbhriocwh
us oaltd3t2bsr
toon3l4tos p
egro od
cwt. yellow
For toatth3e4sw6edek p3ur7
aoa where there is a Pile of stones, th Indian who chases are 1140 hhds,
P •
goes by there will bring a stone, even from distance, REFINED.—To-day the market for refined sugar pre-
in order to add another to the pile. These pilesa of stones seated a quit aspect, there is a better supply with sellers
are not uncommon in the Andes and other parts of of brown lumps, at 45s to 45s 6d and low to fine
South America. Pacheta comes frcm the Quichna, word, grocery 46s to 48s, per cwt. Crushed sugar is not
w
Apachitas, meaning a pile of stones, and adored. cheaper, but exporters are not much inclined to operate.
The Indian who had surmounted a difficult hill, aand ar- This afternoon the quantity of Mauritius sugar offered, at
rived at the pass, was thankful to Pacha-cawak, and auction was 5,600 bags. Thera was a relptance to
operate, and a small part only sold, still prices were sus-
cried out " Apacherta," or to Him who has given me tanned; ; low to mid yellow realising 34s to 35s 6d, good to
strength.
:One 36s to 36s 6d, and refining from 34s to 30 per cWt.

RANKING DEPARTMENT.

Proprietors' capital .. 14,553,000
Rest 3,106,886
Public deposits tilt-
eluding Exchequer,
Commissioners of
National Debt, Say-
ing's Banks, and

Government veurit les
(ineludg.Dead N eight
Annuity) 13,G71.382
Other seettrit' es .. 14,875.627
N tes .............. 9,839,745
Gold and silver coin.. 4•,9,874

Dividend Accounts) 4,733,108
Other deposi s ..
Seven Day and other
Bills

£38,796,628

£38,796,628
I. MARSHALL, Chief Cashier.

Dated tto 14th day of April, 1%

PRICE OF SUGAR.

The average price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, computed
from the returns made in the week ending the 12th day of
April, 1853, is 255. sicl per hundred weight, exclusive
of the duties of Customs paid or payable thereon_ on the lin--
portatiou thereof into Groat Britain.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.

CUSTOM-HOUSE-APRIL 15.

ENTERED INWARD
GhentS , .—The
Diana,
eLord Johnsterdltuamsse;ll,safrraohm,
Harlingen ; Flecks, Am
Charlotte Caroline, Malta ; Faith, Africa ; Witte
; Cornalis Zoomdenwith, Rotterdam ; Neptunus, Emden ;
Nptune, Hamburgh ; Sortum, Guernsey; City of Bou-
logne, Boulogne.
ENTERED OUTWARDS FOR LOADING.—The Ocean, for
Hamburgh ; Diana, Aliosterdara Rudolph, Elsineur, &c. ;
Flecka, Ghent • Halls, Elsineur ; Akbar, Calcutta ,• Pa-
Hobart Town ; Land o' Cakes, Canton and Hong
nama, ,
Kong ; Monarchy, Calcutta ; Desdemona, Melbourne ;
Foyle, Jersey and Guernsey ; Walter Monica, Sydney;
Niagara, Sydney •; Indemnity, Port Adelaide ; Ontaria,
Melbourne.
CLEARED OUTWARDS WITH CARGO.—The Hindoo, for
Calcutta ; Hartley, Port Philip ; Maria, Hamburgh ;
Oliver Cromwell, Calcutta • Olaveaga, Bilboa • Salaman-
deren, Christiania, &c. ; N'avigation, Rouen ;'Britannia,
Rostock ; Fame, Calais ; Princess Royal, Hamburgh ;
Concordia, Rotterdam ; Triton, Ostend ;
dam. Diana, Amster-

.MARKET INTELLIGENCE.