The Sun.
London, England, 1853-06-30 00:00:00

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the present at least, by nothing more—that Turkey
would not resist this, but would treat it as an act
of war sufficient to justify her in admitting the com-
bined fleets to the Dardanelles ; and that France
and England, referring to the decision of Turkey
alone the question whether the Porte was at peace
or war, would on the invitation of the Sultan di-
rect their fleets to anchor by Constantinople.
Beyond this we did not venture to prophecy,
although we expressed our belief that when matters
were placed in this position means would be found
by which Russia would be permitted to recede from
her false position, not only without dishonour, but
with permanent advantage to herself.
We looked to this course of events, not as the
one most satisfactory or most conducive to the hon-
our and interests of Great Britain, but as the best
which the imbecile and un-English policy of Lord
Aberdeen would permit us to expect. We are
driven again to confess, that the little additional
information we can gather of the position of
European politics is lessening 0. the confidence of our
hope that matters will be terminated without a
general convulsion. If the peace of the world is
disturbed we shall owe the horrors of universal war
to the imbecility which has presided,which still
presides--over our Foreign-office, at a crisis which
imperatively. demands the firmest and the most re-
solute administration.
We will not now stop to discuss the merits of
that feeble and short-sighted policy which, with
pule unreasoning instinct of a coming striiggle;was
weak enough in that struggle to seek England's
safety by an alliance with the absolutiit powers of
Europe. Enough now to say that our children will
yet, we fear, curse the effects of that policy which
placed England in a position of acquiescence in the
designs of Russia, and of estrangement from the
interests of the sympathies of France. Our object
now is to consider the probable course of events.
We still adhere to the opinion that the next step
of Russia will be the occupation of the Danubian
provinces, although we confess we would be well
pleased to be assured that it would not be one
of more decided vigour, though we can hardly say
of more unequivocal hostility. Of the real state of
preparation in the Russian fleets or armies we
know very little, and in the absence of this infor-
mation we want the elements from which we can
well judge of the probable movements of that bold
but wily power. Supposing the principalities occu-
pied, and no further step at present taken, then
comes the question what will France and England
do ? A week ago we would have answered without
hesitation, that the moment the Russian army
crossed the Pruth, the Porte would have been ad-
vised by the councils of both England and France
to treat this invasion as an act of war, and without
hazarding military operations to resist it ; upon the
assumption that it was an act of war, to open the
Dardanelles to the French and English fleets. They
would have been there not only to protect Constanti-
nople—an object of secondary importance so long as
they are at Besika Bay—but they would have been
there to sustain our ally in any act of defensive war
upon which he might necessarily be forced for the
destruction of armaments prepared against himself.
We believe this act of vigour to be the very least
exhibition of hostility by which the occupation of
the provinces by Russia ought, on the part of France
and England, to be met. We stillhope that it may be
so ; but we have our misgivings. The ill-omened
entanglements of Lord Aberdeen are embarrassing
even the most determined of our Ministers. The
vacillation of our Cabinet is communicating its in-
decision to the councils of France—it is estranging
Austria from the cause of European independence,
and we confess we should see with more mortifica-
tion than surprise the invasion of the principalities
by Russia followed up by no one step on the part
of the dynasties of Western Europe.
The combined fleet in the Dardanelles would,
we believe, almost instantly produce offers of nego-
tiation. At Besika Bay they will only give a moral
victory to the cause of Russia. Of one thing, we
repeat, we may be certain, that the Russian army
will immediately cross the Pruth. Whether any-
thing further will be attempted depends partly
upon the preparation of Russia, and partly upon
the vigour displayed by their opponents. It may
be the policy of the. Northern Autocra.

AUSTRALIAN ROYAL MAIL STEAM NA VIGA.
TION COMPANY.

TuAcy in a Eitate-tif-Tolistairr preparation or e-
fence, and so waste the finances that are ill able
to bear the expense of protracted armaments.
Whatever that policy, it is plain that the cause of
European freedom demands that on the part of
England and France it should be met by firmness
and decision.

THE LORD MAYOR'S CONFERENCES.
(From the Morning Chronicle.)
Had it been possible to avoid fate, Hector had
averted the bolt of destiny. Troy sank in a halo
of glory ; and there is an epic propriety in the
circumstance that the commission to report on the
state of the Corporation of London has been ga-
zetted in the mayoralty of Mr. Alderman Challis.
That gentleman—and we are not forgetful of the
similar good services of some of his immediate
predecessors--is doing much to retrieve the cha-
racter of the city. London-bridge, the new fish-
market, and the handsome ne w streets and approaches
which have of late years been undertaken, are
among the material triumphs of the corporation ;
whilst the City of London School, and some sensi-
ble votes towards charitable and educational pur-
poses, have shown that a right spirit is abroad
among the citizens generally on matters of higher
concern than broad causeways and improved brick
and mortar. Nevertheless, it must be owned that
it is, on the whole, rather on the part of indivi-
duals than on that of the City, as such, that the
claims of science, art, and literature and education
have been recognised. Foremost among those who
have had the courage to read aright the social ne-
cessities of the people is the present Lord Mayor.
Mr. Challis has either succeeded in surrounding
himself with very good advisers, or he is a remark-
able person ; and in civic, as in other dynasties, it
is among a Sovereign's highest merits to choose able
Ministers. Had Mr. Alderman Challis's predeces-
sors looked more to the moral advancement of
their respective wards than to the cuisine of their
year of office—had they considered that the huge
revenues of the great city of London were des-
tined for higher purposes than silly shows, and
pomps and vanities of the most childish description
—nay, had they remembered that even the princely
hospitalities of Guildhall and the Mansion-house
might have been dispensed with some worthier
object than that of securing ward interests, and
paying off obligations, retrospective or prospective,
connected with sinecures, business obligations, or
seats in Parliament—the corporation would have
stood, and would have deserved to stand, far
higher in public estimation than we fear it does at
at present. Our task, however, is not with past
short-comings, but with present advances.
The Lord Mayor is holding a very interesting
series of meetings, planned with much complete-
ness and with something of philosophic system,
with reference to the connection of science and art
with education. The recommendation of this sub-
ject in the Speech from the Throne at the opening
of the present session, and the distinguished and
early share taken by the city in the furtherance of
the Great Exhibition, abundantly warrant the pro-
minent efforts of the chief civic magistrate in con-
solidating and promoting the movement. The
Lord Mayor's conferences were commenced by as-
sembling the chief magistrates of the provincial
corporations for mutual counsel on the best means
of promoting local education in its scientific and
artistic aspects. The traditions of old were re-
spected in a genial dinner ; while the requirements
of the age were observed in a full and enlarged
consultation, from which much good must result.
The City must now take the lead—it must think
seriously of its proposed Maritime and Commercial
College—it must enlarge its libraries—it must no
longer rely upon private enterprise and munificence
for affording to clerks, shopmen, and dependants
some attraction antagonistic to betting-houses, and
casinos, and the low vulgarities of " gentish life."
It were little to ask brother Mayors to encourage
education, unless London is prepared to show the
way; and the City can only hope to retain its me-
tropolitan rank by the exhibition of metropolitan
energy and influence. At all events, the meeting
of Mayors for such a purpose is a good sign of the
times ; nor can we desire a better guarantee for
the stability and well-working of our municipal in-
stitutions than that their chiefs and representatives
should assemble, not for any selfish class purpose
—not to make a combined stand for commercial
monopolies or municipal restrictions—but to pro-
mote the cause of education, and to cultivate those
sympathies with the true and the beautiful which
ought to influence commerce in all its seats.
But the Lord Mayor has not confined his hospi-
talities to the guardians of education—he desires
to surround himself with its working staff. He
has asked all the masters and mistresses of the or-
dinary national and kindred schools in and near
London to a conversazione at tbo Mauston-house
this evening, They are to discuss and confer on
education generally, but with more especial refer-
ence to the feasibility of introducing into their
Wheel§ the elements of art and science. With this

THE ROYAL BOTANIC SOCIETY.

-
After two rainy afternoons, which spoiled two exhibi-
tions, the weather yesterday put on a more smiling
aspect, and graciously accorded to the last meeting ot
the season a blue sky and intermittent sunshine. The
result was the largest and most brilliant company which
we have ever seen collected in the charming gardens of
the Royal Botanic Society. The grounds were abso-
lutely as full as we have seen the tents, and the prepon-
derance of white or very light-coloured dresses gave the
scene a peculiar cheerfulness.
As to the exhibition itself, there was little upon which
to remark. The fruit tent was, as usual, the great point
of attraction, and the pines, peaches, plums, grapes, and
so forth, were all but inaccessible, except to the most
determined devourers of fruit—with their eyes. On the
opposite side from the fruit was a large collection of
roses, of every possible colour which a rose can be
induced to assume. The exhibition of American plants,
which we have already noticed, was still open. In an-
other tent were disposed a miscellaneous gathering ot
Cape heaths, azaleas, and other conservatory plants.
The first tent at the back of the hot-house was devoted
similar matters, with ferns, a few Alpine plants, and
some pelargoniums ; while the second and neighbouring
pavilion was filled on one side with pelargoniums, on
the other with orchids—a good show—and at the sides
beheaded roses and carnations.
Altogether, the exhibition was more brilliant in re-
gard to company than to the flowers. The fruits carried
the day in the vegetable world, but the vast multitude
assembled, and the brightness and gaiety of the dresses,
constituted the best part of the spectacle.
The bands were those of the Ist and 2d Life Guards,
and the Royal Horse Guards (Blue).
The following is the list of prizes :
EXTRA GOLD MEDAL.
To Mr. May, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence, Ealing Park,
for 20 stove and greenhouse plants.
To Mr. Blake, gardener to J. Schroder, Esq., Streatford-
green, for 25 exotic orchids.

LARGE GOLD.
To Mr. Cole, gardener to Mr. H. Colyer, Dartford. Kent
for 20 stovo and greenhouse plants.

MEDIUM GOLD.
To Mr. Speed, gardener to -, Edmonton, for 20 stove
and greenhouse plants.
To Messrs. Fraser, nurserymen, Leyton, Essex, for 16
stove and greenhouse plants.
To Mr. Green, gardener to Sir E. Antrobus, Cheam,
Surrey, for 12 stove and greenhouse plants.
To Mr. Franklin, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence, for 25
exotic orchids.
To Messrs. Rollison, of Tooting, for 18 exotic orchids.
To Mr.
for 16 exotic orchids Woolley, gardener to H. B. Ker, Esq., Cheshunt,
.

GOLD.
To Messrs. Rollison and Son, nurserymen, Tooting, for
16 stove and greenhouse plants.
To Mr. Williams, gardener to Miss Trail, Hays-place,
Bromley, Kent, for 12 stove and greenhouse plants.
To Messrs. Rollison, for 10 Cape heaths.
To Mr. Smith, gardenerC to W. Quilter, Esq., Crown-
hill, Norwood, for 10 Cape heaths.
To Mr. Turner, nurseryman, of Slough, for 12 pelargo-
niums in 8-inch pots.
To Mr. Robinson, gardener to J. Simpson, Thames-bank,
for 12 pelargoniums, in 8-inch pots.
LARGE SILVER-GILT.
To Messrs. Pamplin, nurserymen, Loa Dridge-road, for
16 stove and greenhouse plants.
To Mr. Taylor, gardener to J. Cosser, Streatham, Surrey,
for 12 stove and greenhouse plants.
To Mr. Williams, gardener to C. B. Warner, Esq., Hod-
desdon, Herts, for 25 exotic orchids.
To Mr. Hume, gardener to R. Hanbury, Poles,:near
Ware, for 8 exotic orchids.
To Mr. Davis, market gardener, Oak-hill, East Barnet,
for miscellaneous collection of fruit.
To Mr. Fleming, gardener, Trentham-hall, for a collec-
tion of 6 pine apples.

ARGE KLUB.
To Messrs. Fraser, nL
uiserym,n, tor 10 Cape heaths.
heath s.
To Mr. Cole, tardener to Mr. H. Colyer, for 10 Cape
To Mr. Smith, garde ler t) Mr. W. Quilter, for 9 Cape
heaths.
To Mr. Westwood, nurseryman, Turnham-green, for 12
pelargoniums in 8-inch pots.
To Mr. Bonham, gardener to Mrs. Maddford, Staines,
for 12 pelargoniums, in 8-inch pots.
To Mr Turner, of Slough, for 6 fancy pelargoniums, in
8-inch pots.
To Mr. Robinson, gardener to Mr. J. Simpson, Thames-
bank
To ,
M Pimlico, for 6 fancy pelargoniums, in 8-inch pots.
r. Wigg,ans, gardener to Mr. E. Beck for 6 pelar-
goniums of 1851 or 1852. ,
To Mr. Fleming, gardener to his Grace the Duke of
Sutherland, Trentham-hall, for miscellaneous collection of
fruit.
To Mr. Iveson, gardener to his Grace the Duke of Nor-
thumberland, for a collection of tropical fruit.
At one o'clock the Queen and Prince Albert visited
the exhibition before the gates were tihrown open to the
public. They were accompanied by their Royal High.
nesses the Prince and Princess of Prussia and the Duke
and Duchess of Saxe Coburg. The Royal party was
attended by the Hon. Miss Stanley, Lord Charles Fitz.
roy, and Captain de Ros, Count Gortz, Count Puckler,
and Count Boom.
The numbrr of visitors was estimated to be upwards
*fit'

view will be exhibited such educational materials,
models, books, diagrams, drawings, &c., as may
be necessary for this development of primary edu-
cation. - " These are Imperial acts, and worthy
Kings "—and therefore, most assuredly, they are
worthy of Lord Mayors. That fine room, the
Egyptian Hall, has often been splendidly filled.
We have seen it bristling with rank and blazing
with beauty. Religion has there " reared its
mitred front "—the army and navy have displayed
their plumed honours at its festal board—states-
men have shaken its walls, sometimes with true
eloquence, oftener with party manifestoes—coro-
neted mediocrity has condescended to mouth plati-
tudes before the citizens—and the citizens have
flaunted their purples and furs over gulosity,
vanity, and pretence. But we can pardon all
these things for the sake of the presence, for once,
in the civic palace, cf the lean teacher, and the
neglected (lay-labourer in the work of education.
Those pale faces, there eager eyes, those attenuated
forms which have wasted beneath the daily wear
and tear of a hot, unhealthy, school-room, are the
best society which the Mansion-house has yet in-
vited. The reception given by the first magistrate
of the world's first city to the sons and daughters
of educational toil will present a fine and noble
contrast to the common run of civic hospitalities.
In honouring our teachers, the City honours itself.
—the dignity and high calling of the schoolmaster
are for once fully recognised.
The converswione of to-night is to be followed
by a morning conference of school managers on the
2d of July—with the view, we suppose, of turning
the talk of Thursday into the work of Saturday.
We have thus seen the Lord Mayor summoning
round him the patrons of education and its opera-
tives ; and his cycle of invitations will be completed
by a conversazione on the 14th of July, when he
will welcome literature generally. The City, in
the person of its Chief Magistrate, will pay homage
to the pen and the Press; and, in truth, this series
of efforts for the advajice of education.lizauld-4m7171,-si-7,7-c,-,440"-
IriConitilete-were.itS"iesillte" forgotten. The.o.ssem'- -:.. :. •
bling of the authors and thinkers of England "-
' will complete and crown the creditable efforts
which the present Lord Mayor is making towards
the furtherance of education. The Press has,
though tardily, won its entrance into the highest
places of the land ; but that particular phase of
society which municipal bodies represent has been
hitherto reluctant in admitting claims to distinc-
tion based only on such things as intellect, study,
and genius. If Alderman Challis is among the
first in his station to bow before such commonplace
merits, it is the more to his credit.

Yesterday the ordinary general meeting of shareholders
in this company was held at the London Tavern, Mr.
J. G. Frith presiding.
The CHAIRMAN stated that, in consequence of the
committee of investigation appointed by the shareholders
not having yet completed their report, the present
meeting would be a merely formal one.
A report was then submitted, of which the following
contains all the material points :
" The company's new steam ship Victoria left the East
India Docks on the 18th inst., and, after embarking her
passengers at Gravesend, proceeded on her voyage, the
proposed arrangement of which is that she make good at St.
Vincent the fuel expended between London and the Cape
de Vs, and proceed from thence direct to Adelaide,
using her sails as the principal, and her machinery as an
auxiliary motive power, whereby it is expected a consider-
able saving in the consumption of fuel will be effected.
The Sydney, having undergone a thorough overhaul and
refit is now nearly ready for sea, and your directors have
advertised her departure for Australia on the 4th of August,
to be followed by the Australian at an early subsequent
period. The extensive repairs and improvements, reported
on the 23rd of May as being effected in the Australian, are
fast approaching completion ; and your Directors expect
that their anticipations of her perfect efficiency, as then
set forth, will be realised, thereby justifying the heavy dis-
bursement upon her. The arrival at the port of Melbourne,
on the 4th of February, of the Company's steam-ship Mel-
bourne, was noticed in the last report. She subsequently
reached Sydney, and on her passage thither sustained some
damage to her machinery, from causes not yet reported to
your directors. The repairs were completed, and she left
Sydney, homeward bound, on the 6th of March last, as per
advice to that effect received by the board under date 11th
of March, and her arrival may be daily expected."
On the motion for adopting the report and re-electing
the three outgoing directors,
Mr. HOOPER moved, and Col. MITCHELL seconded, an
amendment for postponing the re-election of the outgoing
directors till after the committee of inquiry had made
their report ; but on the chairman saying that these di-
rectors were themselves anxious to retire, and would •
only hold their seats till the report was made, the
amendment was withdrawn.
Mr. HENDERSON, the chairman of the committee of
investigation, said that although the committee had sat
three days every week since its appointment, they were,
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-
lault-yet-able-loseontitittrtlieir-mport, the Subject they ,
had to investigate being very extensive and laborious.
They hoped to be able to conclude their report in a short
time. When they had done so, copies of it would be
sent to the shareholders, and a special meeting would be
convened to consider its contents. (Hear, hear.)
The report was then adopted, and the meeting ad.
journed.