The Sun.
London, England, 1853-03-22 00:00:00

ject to establish in a formal manner the solidarity of the
European powers with respect to Turkey, and tb put an
end to the almost exclusive protectorate, which Russia
had then possessed since 1832, in virtue of the famous
treaty of Unkiar-Skelessi. It is sufficient on this point
to quote the solemn declaration which the powers who Shr.
signed thought fit to make on Sept. 17, 1840, for the
execution of the treaty of July 15 :—'The plenipoten- -
tiaries of the courts of Austria, Great Britain, Prussia, St.
and Russia, after having exchanged the ratifications of 20
the convention concluded on the 15th of July last, have
14
resolved, for the purpose of placing in its real light the
disinterestedness which has guided their courts in the 31
conclusion of this act, to declare formally, that, in execu-
tion of the engagen'ents resulting from the said conven- 27i
tion by the contracting powers, these powers will not
seek for any augmentation of territory, any exclusive 22
influence, any commercial advantage for their subjects St.
beyond what any other nation can obtain equally. The St.
plenipotentiaries of the said courts have resolved to in-
sert this declaration in the present protocol. The pleni-
-20
potentiary of the Sublime Ottoman Porte, in rendering a 50
just homage to the probity and disinterestedness of 25
the policy of the allied courts, has formally marked
down the declaration contained in the present protocol, 5
and urdertakes to transmit it to his court. (Follow the 25
signatures of the plenipotentiaries.)' An aggression
against Turkey, emanating from one of the powers who 18
then signed, would not constitute merely an attack on 20
the integrity of the Ottoman Empire :it would also be 25
the flagrant violation of a treaty, which since 1840 binds 25
the various contracting parties. But whatever may be 25
the rumours that have been in circulation for some days St.
back, they do not go the length certainly of admitting, 50
even hypothetically, that Russia desires to tear up vio-
lently and without preliminary or previous declaration St.
the conventions which bind her to the great powers of 10
Europe, and to attempt enterprises contrary to the letter St.
and the spirit of these conventions. Besides the loyalty, g,t-
the wisdom, and the interest of Russia are a sure guar- s:
antee that it cannot be otherwise. But this all-impor- St.
tant consideration is sufficient to cause it to be compre- St.
hended that there cannot be question in the present dif- St.
ference of anything but a mere personal matter in the 12
relations between Russia and Turkey, and that the 50
matter does not in any way implicate, in any direct or 161
definite manner, general complications, or the rupture, St.
more or less prompt, of the diplomatic acts which sane- 20
tion the integrity and neutrality of the Ottoman 14
Empire as one of the essential conditions of the peace 50
of Europe." 20
lob
dignity Debatf says :—" However offensive for the 10i
dignity of the Porte the concessions already made St.
to Austria may be, General Menschikoff is charged St.
to obtain others still more humiliating." 20
In the Assemblie Nationale we find an article
which, in some parts, almost amounts to an appro- 50
bation of the policy attributed to Russia, and con- 40
vet's a sort of sneer against the Fren.ch Government, 25
by insinuating that it makes a mere display of its 25
fleet, without any intention of using it as a coon- 8/
terpoise in favour of Turkey. s#
The Siecle, after giving from the Moniteur the
announcement of the French fleet at Toulon hav-
ing been ordered to proceed to the Archipelago,
says

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" The sending of the fleet to the Archipelago is an
indisputable sign that the Eastern question has be
brought by Russia to a grave position--we could wish
to say a decisive one, for it is time for Turkey to ac-
quire, by the co-operation of her allies, a real indepen-
dence, and a situation so fixed and so firm as to permit
her to apply to the reform of her institutions the forces
which she consumes in the arrangement of quarrels of
neighbourhood, which she is brought into one after the
other."

The Moniteur announces, in its non-official CQ-
lumns, that private letters have been received froi,
Constantinople, giving hopes that the complications
which have arisen in the affairs of the East will be
settled without compromising the good agreement
which, as yet, has subsisted amongst the European
Powers.

The Cologne Gazette of the 20th, after comment-
ing severely in its leader on the proceedings of
Austria and Russia towards Turkey at this moment,
concludes as follows :
" Will England and France look on quietly ? If so,
Turkey must yield and be again weakened. Will Eng-
land and France oppose the Russian demands ? Then
the peace of Europe is threatened. If we are not n-:4-
taken, circumstances give considerable weight to th‘
voice of Prussia ; and judging rightly of this weight shp
may—nay, she must—use straightforward and resolute
language. She must oppose with all her might whoe Ter
by his arrogance may threaten to disturb the peace of
Europe ; she must use the language of moderation and
conciliation, but not hesitate to threaten with war who-
ever shows a disposition to break the peace of Europe.
Even at this moment, but perhaps not for long, England,
powerfully supported by Prussia and France, may be
able to save Europe from the universal anarchy which
is breaking in upon us."
The Augsburg Gazette has the following froni
Constantinople " The impression produced at
Constantinople by Prince Menschikoff is extraordi-
nary ; the Turks are astonished, and the Greeki
enchanted. Crowds of Greeks assemble daily in,
front of the Russian Embassy, and when the Prince
appears he is saluted with cries of enthusiasm, and
the Greeks take off their hatl, which is very un-
usual with them except for religious ceremonies."

TUESDAY EVENING, MARCH 21,' 1853.

Basiness dono I 50
this day.

d 33 °O