The Sun.
London, England, 1853-11-12 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 12, 1853.

is more than probable, from what we have thus
learned, that there has been a regular battle, or
series of battles, between the opposing armies—a
battle also of a very obstinate and decided cha-
racter, and that the Russians have been signally
defeated with very considerable loss. The Turks
have thus vindicated their military reputation,
and proved how greatly in error were those who
sneered at their supposed want of prowess, and
thought the affectation of " independence" on the
part of so helpless a nation an act of the highest
presumption.
The contest, then, has fairly commenced. But
where, when, and how will it terminate ?
That must partially depend on the Emperor
NICHOLAS, with whom a temporary fit of
indigestion, or an irritability occasioned by the
failure of his schemes, may involve all Europe in
hostilities. An admirable commentary, by the
way, on the value of despotic institutions, and
their effects on the general destinies of mankind.
But still more, we say it advisedly, depends on
the conduct of the Western Powers during the
emergency. The CZAR has been decided enough.
Every step taken from the commencement of the
difficulty—from the mission of MENTSCHIKOFF to
the last insolent Manifesto, to which we alluded
on Thursday as having been officially published in
the Journal de St. Petersburg—betokened the
most vigorous determination, the most inflexible
resolution. Surely, then, it is time that we
should shake off the apathy and indifference that
have hitherto characterised our proceedings under
the auspices of the Joint-Stock Administration.
If we exhibit any further vacillation, any of
that disgraceful timidity which has already re-
flected so much discredit on the British name, it
will be difficult to foresee the termination of the
conflict. Decision and action are now required.
We do not want the twaddlings that tell us, at
such a time, of the propriety of " exhausting all
the means of peace," but which have only exhausted
the patience of the nation and of Europe gene-
rally. We do not want again to have it repeated
that " the policy of her MAJESTY'S Government
is a policy of peace," and that by lips that have
already shown the sinister meaning attached to
such expressions—the light by which alone they
can be interpreted. Falling from Lord PALMER-
STON, such language might be innocuous, but
proceeding from the " respectable ABERDEEN,"
the " dear and excellent " Minister of Russia,
they are suggestive of very inauspicious results,
and warrant a demand for decided and vigorous
action, such as, if long since resorted
,to, would
have brought the Eastern difficulty to a termina-
tion. We respect the scruples of a " Christian
man," but they are not to be prominently put
forward when answering the demands, or negotiat-
ing with an unscrupulous and unconscientious
adversary, who will be influenced by none but
worldly considerations. Such platitudes delivered
by a broad-brimmed and drab-coated gentleman
of advanced years might suit the atmosphere of a
Peace Society Meeting ; but they are not befit-
ting a Prime Minister of the United Kingdom,
nor a Society of true-hearted Englishmen.
It is admitted that we must protect Turkey—
that we must prevent the aggressive disposition of
the Northern Despot from being satisfied by the
spoil of his intended victim. Surely, then, it is
better that we should do so while the party to be
protected is capable of rendering important assist-
ance, and before much greater efforts may be re-
quired on our part to achieve our object. This
duty is rendered the more imperative, as it is far
less onerous in consequence of the laudable efforts
of the Turks, who have proved themselves emi-
nently worthy of support. We may now safely
join in the attempt to pare the claws of the Rus-
sian Bear before he can muster ell his resources
to crush his gallant opponent. We may now,
with the co-operation of France and Turkey, be
enabled to reduce him from the position of an
arrogant dictator to that of an humble suitor
craving for the peace he so recklessly disturbed,
and, asking pardon of the unoffendiug neighbour
whose territories he so wantonly invaded.

It was not until the second quarter of the 19th
century that the great fact that "labour was a
commodity, the price whereof should be regulated
by free competition, according to the invariable
laws of supply and demand," received a legisla-
tive recognition. From the reign of EDWARD I.
Ito that of GEORGE, a multiplicity of enactments
had been framed for the purpose of preventing
workmen from bringing anything like combined
action to bear on their employers for any purpose
whatsoever. Any assembly or meeting of opera-
tives, for anything relating to the mode of carry-
ing on their trade, was prohibited under very
stringent penalties. The Justices of the Peace for
the district were empowered to settle all disputes
that might arise respecting the rate of wages,
the hours of labour, the finishing of work,
the finding of implements, and the compensation
to be given for any new or altered manufacture,
and were also enabled to punish severely any
workmen confedesating together for the purpose
of settling any of these matters. The operatives
were, indeed, placed between two fires, fc'r not
only were there the special enactments providing
for almost every possible case that could arise ;
but if a mode of evasion could be devised, it
would be met by the elastic provisions respecting
conspiracies, which embraced every matter in which
two or more persons were concerned in carrying
out even a strictly lawful object with a corrupt
intent, or by improper means. The evils result-
ing from the operation of these restrictive enact-
ments, however, began to be too clearly percepti-
ble to admit of their retention even in these days of
rotten boroughs and nominee Representatives. An
Act was accordingly passed (6 GEO. IV. C. 129)
by which both the statute law and the common
law, which inflicted punishment either on masters
or workmen for meeting and entering into agree-
ments for the sole purpose of settling the rate of
wages or the himirs of work. But the same Act
which enabled them to associate together for these
legitimate and beneficial purposes, expressly pro-
vretedeifiotro thicinebprotection of other workmen who
in the confederacy, or abide by
the regulations entered into. The principle of the
new law was, that there should be the most perfect
"free trade" in labour—that the operative might
obtain the highest wages for the least quantity of
work, while the master should be equally unre-
stricted in his rates of payments or in the mode
of carrying on his business.

If the new law were acted on in a proper spirit,
in each establishmnt were
iif
the ‘
allowed to‘ "hands
settle their own differences with their
own employers, everything that could be desired
would be attained. But, unfortunately, an elabo-
rate organisation has been framed by mischievous
agitators, who have endeavoured to turn this useful
law into the irov are,—the fulcrum on which they
may fix their machinery for accomplishing their
great object—the " regulation of the destinies of
trade." These parties, how selected for the duty
it is difficult to say, make it their business to stir
up strife between masters and workmen, to render
the hands querulous and discontented ; and in
ease of any trivial difference arising, to prevent by
their mischievous interference the possibility of
an amicable arrangement. The feelings of
the parties are thus mutually embittered,
because those idle and heartless scoun-
drels know that, if kindly and well disposed
the one to the other, their own occupa-
tions would be gone. They would no longer be
enabled to swagger in beer-shops on the money
wrung from the hard earnings of their miserable
dupes, who, with all their boasted intelligence, are
not sufficiently sharp-sighted to perceive that their
worst enemies are the Socialist orators, who de-
i claim vehemently against fancied grievances, and
', occasion real injury, by persuading them to adopt
fearfulthe height,real
j measures which cannot possibly procure redress.
This, his,
conse-
quences may follow
1 grievance to trade, has now risen
I,
to
andnateh
ian fara re
generally
i ly serious
anticipated.
arising- from
thee pecuniary loss to the re-
venue,lf we look to the
diminished consumption of
taxable articles, it would afford a
toffi c
theien t
sgurbojue
cntd.
to insure legislative consideration
But the content and happiness of the wor 111 k. ,-,
population is of far greater importance than any
pecuniary consideration. Feelings of wrono. and
, oppression cannot be excited with impunity'' We

300

may look on the irritation of working men as a
matter to be laughed at, not worthy of occasion-
ing any degree of apprehension among the proper-
tied classes, but it is a dangerous delusion to in-
dulge, and one that may some time or other be
very disagreeably dispelled.
There must then be a strict investigation by
a Parliamentary Committee into the causes of this
irritation, and into the nature and working of the
various Unions, the mode of electing Committees,
and generally into the modus operandi thereof.
We do not mean at present to attempt to pre-
judge the result of that close inquiry, or the
nature of the.remedies that may be deemed essen-
tial for the purpose of restoring the tranquillity
of the manufacturing districts. We believe,
however, that it will be found indispensable to
prohibit any species of combination which expe-
rience teaches us will not be restricted to legi-
timate purposes, but is made the fertile source
of all the evils that have arisen, or may arise, in
the way of dissension between masters and work-
men.

COURT CIRCULAR.

WINDSOR, Nov. 11.

The Queen and the Duke and Duchess of Brabant
drove out in an open carriage this forenoon. Lord
Charles Fitzroy attended on horseback.
Prince Albert went out hunting, attended by Lieut.-
Colonel the Hon. A. Gordon.

The royal children took their accustomed exercise.
Lord Edward Howard left the castle this morning for
Arundel Castle.

The Earl of Elgin had an interview with the Duke of
Newcastle yesterday at the Colonial-office.
_ _

A deputation from the committee to secure parks and
open spaces in London, had an interview with Viscount
Palmerston yesterday at the Home-office, to solicit the
immediate grant of Albert-park for the central districts
of London and the borough of Finsbury. The deputa-
tion consisted of Mr. Tyler (chairman), Messrs. Sandon,
Vincent, Reynolds, Downes, Thomas Dix, Bowerbank,
Lloyd, Barnett, Parson, and Leonard.
A deputation from the Local Board of Health of Eton,
consisting of Mr. J. Cleave (chairman), Messrs. Deve-
reux, Stephenson, Vaughan, and Stacey, with the Sur-
veyor and Clerk to the Local Board, had an interview
yesterday with the General Board of Health, at their
office, Whitehall.
Major Hill, Mr. W. Jackson, M.P., and Major-
General Yorke had interviews yesterday with the Duke
of Newcastle at the Colonial-office.

The Commissioners for inquiring into the state of the
Corporation of the City of London held a meeting yes-
terday at the Privy Council-office in Downing-street.
The Commissioners present were the Right Hon. H.
Labouchere, the Right Hon. Sir J. Patteson, and G.
Cornewall Lewis, Esq.
Despatches were sent last evening from the Colonial-
office fur the Governors of the North American Pro-

winces.

THE ADMIRALTY COURT.—Henry Cadogan Rothery,
Esq., has been appointed Registrar of the High Court
of Admiralty, in the place of Henry Birchfield Swabey,
Esq., who has resigned that office.
Captain Hastings (brother of Sir Thos. Hastings) bas
been appointed secretary to the Master-General of the
Ordnance, vice Lord Clarence Paget, resigned.—Arnty
Despatch.
The Rev. Edward Hoare, M.A., has been licensed to
the Perpetual Curacy of the Holy Trinity, Tonbridge
Wells, in the county of Kent and diocese of Canter-
bury, vacant by the resignation of the Rev. John Nor-
man Pearson ; and Rev. Charles Vernon Hulme Sumner
has been presented to the rectory of Ringwould, same
county and diocese, vacant by the death of the Rev.
John Monins. Patrons, the Trustees of the said J.
Monins.

THE OVERLAND MAIL.

We (Times) have received our accounts, dated
Bombay, the 14th October ; Calcutta, the 4th
October ; Burmah, the 19th September ; and
Hong Kong, the 27th September. The following is
the letter of our Bombay correspondent :

"BOMBAY, OCT. 14.
" Our troops in Burmah are in a state of siege, '
and, with the single exception of Bassein, the
whole of our new provinces are in possession of the
enemy, for it has become absurd to call the fol-
lowers of Mea-Toon and Moung-Young by any
other name. The province of Bassein alone is in
peace and flourishing—the inhabitants have an
unbounded confidence in their Commissioner,
Captain Fytch, and he has taught the rebels that
it is dangerous to meddle with his districts.
The hostile Burmese have two principal chiefs :
the first is the famous Mea-Toon, who is said to be
in the immediate command of between 4,000 and
5,000 men ; the second, Moung Younglgye, or
Moung Roung-gee, is reported, by the Rangoon
Chronicle, to have 6,500 followers under him ; and
these two chiefs are said to be with these 11,000
followers within four days' march of Rangoon,
whilst todefend that extensive position we have only
800 fighting men available. The number of fol-
lowers the chiefs have actually with them is pro •
bably much exaggerated, but our position in the
country is unquestionably very critical, and it
would be impossible to exaggerate the misery to
which the inhabitants of Pegu have been reduced
since they became British subjects, and thereby
entitled by the law of nations to British protection.
The blundering conduct of the Burmese business
has been a deep blot on Lord Dalhousie's otherwise
well-earned character for administrative ability. We
cannot afford to give up Pegu, for such a step would
be as fatal to our prestige in Asia as the first aban-
donment of her more distant provinces was to the
Roman Empire. The subversion of what is left of
the Burmese Empire certainly appears to be the
only course compatible with the protection of
British subjects in Pegu ; but it does not follow
that it is necessary to annex the whole country to
British India (the course advocated by the Friend
of India.) It would be a much better plan to
divide it between our allies, the Rajah of Muni-
pore and the King of Siam.
Mr. Thomason, Lieutenant Governor of the
north-west provinces, died at Bareilly, on the
27th of September. He was appointed to the
Government of the Agra Presidency by Lord
Ellenborough, and the selection was the hap-
piest which Lord Elleuborough ever made, re-
markable as he was above all other Governors-
General for selecting the best men for every
vacancy, disregarding all rules of seniority
and precedent. Mr. Thomason did for the north-
west provinces almost as much as Peter the Great
did for Russia ; he made it to be known as " the
model Presidency." In the extension to the masses
of the benefit of vernacular education, in the es-
tablishment of engineering and other colleges for
affording a professional education to natives of the
middle and higher classes, in the acceleration of
mails and the construction f works of public utility,
on a scale commensurate to the wants of the coun-
try.

The assassination of Colonel Mackeson is supposed
on the spot to have been the result of some exten-
sively organised conspiracy rather than the spon-
taneous act of an individual fanatic, and a reward
of 5,000 rupees has been offered for the discovery
of any of the assassin accomplices. It has been
surmised that the deed was instigated by Dost Ma-
homed, but. such an act would be quite opposed to
the character (a very high one for an Oriental)
that Dost Mahomed has always borne.
The reports of an alliance between Russia and
Persia, and between Russia and Dost Mahomed,
which I mentioned in my last, have increased in
frequency and consistency, and as they have been
received through three different and independent
channels, namely,—by sea to Bombay, through the
Persian Gulf ; by way of Scinde, through the Bolau
Pass ; and by Peshawur, through the Khyber, they
have probably some foundation ; in fact, letters
have arrived from Persia by way of the Gulf,
stating that the King of Persia is about to proceed
from Teheran to the valley of Sultanieh, where a
large army is already assembled, which force is in-
tended to operate against the Turks.
" What makes this news more significant is, that
there is in the treaty beween. Russia and Persia made
in the year 1828, a special clause, which forbids the
Persian Government from assembling any force in the
valley of Sultanieh, without the permission of Russia
being first obtained. The reason of this is the proxi-
mity of the valley to the Russian frontier. It may
therefore be reasonably inferred that this assemblage of
Persian troops is with the full consent of Russia, which
no doubt expects to find Persia a valuable auxiliary in
the event of a war."
Both by the Bolam and Khyber passes reports
have been received of the conclusion of an alli-
ance between Dost Mahomed and Russia. The
Dost and his subjects are firmly persuaded " that
our occupation of Peshawur is with no other view
than that of getting conveniently located, to seize
his kingdom on the first favourable opportunity."
Since our first visit to this capital we have " eaten
up" the Punjaub, and our frontier, our magazines,
and the bulk of our armies are now only a quarter of
the distance from Cabul that they were when Lord
Broughton first decided on the invasion of Affghan-
istan. Under such circumstances it is only natural
that an Oriental should conclude that the only
chance which Cabul has of independence is in a
close alliance with Russia. In forming such an al-
liance Russia may have other immediate objects
besides the annoyance it would cause to the Govern-
ment of British India. Some five or six mails ago
I forwarded an extract from the Benares Recorder,
in which the editor of that paper stated that he
had seen a copy of a letter from a Russian officer,
on the Caspian, stating that a force was being or-
ganised for the invasion of Khiva and Bokhara on
a grand scale, and reports have been lately received
from Cabul to the effect that a Russian force had
actually advanced into the heart of the Khan of
Khiva's country.
The following is from the Delhi Gazette :
"Letters from Cabul, received this morning, mention
a report that a Russian army having advanced within
ten marches of Oorgune, the commercial capital of
Khiva, the Khan of Khiva and the King of Bokhara had
taken the field with their respective forces, to resist the
enemy, and were at the date of our advices two marches
this side of Oorgunge. The avowed object of the Rus-
sians is said to be the conquest of the country. So that
the Khan of Khiva has reason to be alarmed, while the
King of Bokhara well knows that the Russians have an
old score to settle with him who has held so many
thousands of the Czar's subjects in bondage. It is thus
easy to understand why the Czar should have effected
the alleged alliance with Dost Mahomed, whose neu-
trality alone in such a quarrel would be worth securing
at almost any cost."

It will be remembered, that about two years ago
Dost Mahomed invaded and annexed the portion
of independent Tartary, round Balkh, lying on the
other side of the Hindoo Koosh, immediately north
of Cabul, and which was tributary to the Khan of
Bokhara, and that he has maintained his conquests,
though not without difficulty, ever since. He is,
therefore, in a position to assist very materially
any views which Russia may have on Bokhara.
The report that Russian emissaries had appeared
at Kohat, together with the assassination of Col.
Mackeson, and a false alarm of a combinad Aff-
ghan attack on Peshawur, and the forced march
of additional troops towards that part, had
occasioned a great deal of excitement on the
frontier, and not a little Russophobia. It is
stated that the presence of the Governor-General
on the frontier has become a State necessity, and
that he has consequently postponed his trip to
Burmah. The presence of Russian emissaries in
Affghanistan is nothing new, for it is well known
in India that a Russian officer of rank was living
disguised at Cabul throughout our campaign in
Affghanistan. No sensible person can consider a
Russian invasion of British India practicable until
either Persia or Independent Tartary have become
Russian provinces, and long before that can take
place it is hoped that the construction of lines of
railway communication from all the presidencies to
the frontier, will enable us to concentrate our
military resources on the assailable points to an
extent which would crush at once any force that
an invader could drag through the difficult and
rocky deserts of Affghanistan and the Hindoo-
koosh, but the hostile incursions of the frontier
tribes already causes us great annoyance, and it is
considered that this annoyance would assume a
much more formidable shape if prompted by Rus-
sian money and directed by Russian officers.
It is certain that in the event of a war, Russia
would not neglect so facile a means of annoyance.
Yet the result of such interference might be con-
ducive to our prestige ; for if the Affghans could
once be persuaded to show in force on the plains
away from their hills, they would receive a lesson
that would last them for a dozen years at least.
The report that Pekin has fallen still prevails at
Shanghai, but it has not yet been confirmed. The
numbers of the Pekin Gazette last received, state
the rebels appeared at Koe-fung, the capital of the
province of Honan, on the 19th of June, and that
between that date and the 31st of July, a good deal
of indecisive fighting had taken place along the
northern bank of the Yellow River ; this is, how-
ever, only the Imperialist version of affairs, for
general report, supposed to be authentic, puts
the rebels in possession of Keang-ping and other
towns, more than 100 miles to the north of the
Yellow River, and very circumstantial reports are
current in Shanghai of the investment of Pekin by
the insurgent general, 'Taiping-vong ; on the other
hand it is reported that the Emperor has, as a last

n.t—a".---

Pella

resource, accepted the offered assistance of the
Mongol Tartar chiefs north of the wall. Should
this be really the case, it is very possible that the
further progress of the rebels may be yet arrested.
If these Tartar chiefs succeed, they will, however,
probably depose the Emperor, and keep such of
the provinces as they can save for themselves. In
such event, the low marshy banks of the Yellow
River would probably serve as a boundary between
the Tartars and the Chinese. The island of Amoy
has been closely invested by a large Imperial fleet,
and the inferiority of the insurgents at sea renders
it improbable that they will be able to maintain
their insulated position much longer. Trade is, of
course, at a stand-still in China. At Bombay a
new joint-stock bank has been established under
the name of the Mercantile Bank.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
CALCUTTA MARKETS.
TUESDAY, October 4.
The general prospects of the indigo crop remain much
as they were at the date of our last report, and the crop
it is expected will be somewhere between 105,000 and
108,000 mds. The shipments to date amount to 27,105
chests, containing fy. Inds. 101,731, of which 15,143
chests have been sent to Great Britain, and 8,198 chests
to France. The sugar market has been quiet, the ex-
ports of the month not exceeding bazar mds. 37,643, of
which 27,579 mds. have gone to Great Britain. The
rise in the rates of freights has checked operations in
saltpetre, the finer qualities of which, however, maintain
their value, 7 per md. being quoted for European re-
fined. A fair demand exists for the table qualities of
rice, and the usual average supplies are going forward to
Mauritius and to Bourbon. Raw silk is in high favour,
every parcel as it arrives being taken at extreme previous
rates ; the shipments of this article last month reached the
unusually large quantity of 4,195 mds. Coi ahs are also
freely taken at full prices. The finer descriptions of lac
dye are chiefly wanted for foreign Europe. Shellac is
unaltered. The reported scarcity of sticlac has improved
the position of these products. The new jute crop is of
better quality than the appearance of the first samples
prognosticated ; an active inquiry prevailed for the fibre,
and extreme prices are readily given. Hides have been
taken in larger numbers than usual for Great Britain.
The price of linseed has declined to 2.9 and 2-11. The
market is bare of rapeseed.
The close approach of the Doorga Pooja holidays
added to serious apprehensions entertained regarding
the fate of the grain crops in the North-Western Pro-
vinces, has had the effect of inducing dealers to con-
tract very materially their operations in our import
markets, and Consequently the business transacted
during the oast fortnight has been very small. Hold-
ers of cotton goods are, however, generally very
firm, and the . prevalence of a good business after
the holidays is confidently anticipated. The grain
crops referred to have been endangered by long-con-
tinued drought, but they can yet be saved by a timely
fall of rain, wnich is earnestly hoped for. The deliveries
of mule twist have been less than usual, but prices are
firm, and the article is in a healthy position with ma-
nageable stocks. Metals have participated in the tem-
porary stagnation. The sales of Copper have been
small and •at a slight decline, excepting as regards
Sheating and Bolt, which are in demand, at a shade
advance, for docking purpose. Iron maintains its posi-
tion. Spelter is without report of sale, but some parcels
of that Metal have changed hands in the bazaar at Co's
Rs. 10.3 to 10 5 per md. Salt has become more buoyant.
The closing of the Four per Cent. Loan has had the
effect of throwing large additional supplies into
the money market seeking 4or investment, and the
share market has consequently been more animated
with an advance in several of the joint-stock shares
which had not previously improved. Bank of Ben-
gal Shares have advanced to Co.'s Rs. 6,285 each,
Agra Bank's have topped 700. North - Western
Bank Shares, so long neglected, have risen from 275 to
390 each. A Government notification has appeared,
directing that all officials covenanted, or uncovenanted,
must terminate their connection with the management
of Banks or Joint Stock Companies on the 31st of
March, 1855. In Company's paper the Co.'s Rs. four
per cents. have advanced to 3-8 to 8-12 Sicca fours may
be had at 2-8. Five per cents. are quoted at 3-12 to 4.
The uncertainty which prevails regarding the continued
existence of this stock prevents it from rising ; holders
may at any time be surprised by a notification that it
will be either paid off or converted into four per cents.
Exchange with London has been keeping up to 2s. ld.
for first-class creditors. Latterly the tendency has been
upwards, and there being more sellers than buyers, the
rates advanced to 2s. lid. ; Oriental Bank Bills have
been sold at 2s. ld. for 6 months' sight. Bills on China
are quoted at 250 Rs. per $lOO ; Mauritius, 51A cent.
per rupee ; on Madras and Bombay, par.
Owing to the scarcity of tonnage freights got up, be-
yond our last quotations for London to 31. 17s. 6d, salt-
petre ; 41., sugar ; 41. 2s. 6d., rice ; oil seeds, 41. 15s. ;
hides, 41. 15s. ; jute, 41. About the end of last week
they subsided to our present quotations, viz.:-31. 155.,
Saltpetre • 41., Sugar; 4i. 2s. 6d., rice ; 41. 7s. 6d.,
Seeds ; 41., Shells.

REPORT ON THE STATE OF THE BOMBAY

MARKETS.

From the 28th Sept. to the 13th Oct., 1853.
We have little change to report in the state of the
money market since our last. Money continues to be
obtained on easy terms, though we think it is likely to
become more valuable ere long. In Government secu-
rities the principal transactions have been in 4 per cent.
paper, which advanced to 3 per cent, premium shortly
after the appearance of the notification closing the Loan
of 1842-43 for cash subscriptions, but this high rate has
not been maintained, and we now quote it at 2i. The
prices of Joint Stock Bank Shares have rather receded,
and we now quote them :
Bank of Bombay 4l per cent. prem.
Oriental Bank Corporation 96 f/
Commercial Bank .
Agra Bank 52 17

There has been very little doing since the date of our
last market report, and the scarcity of rain in Marwar
and some of the adjacent provinces is considerably felt.
The Gulf traders not yet having arrived in any numbers,
the Mohurrum festival now being in progress, and the
Dewallee holidays shortly occurring, contribute to in-
terfere with the weakness of trade ; but as these inter-
ferences are got rid of we hope to see a considerable
amount of business done.

Cotton.--The price of cotton has given way, owing to
the combined bad accounts of the China and English
markets for that staple ; and Dhollerah may now be
had at 97 to 98 Rs. per candy, but broach is still held
at 103 to 104 Rs. per candy.
Freights have been steadily maintained at 2/. 15s. to
2/. 17s 6d per ton. A temporary advance took place. but
it was speedily checked by several vessels having arrived
from Australia and elsewhere. To China there is
nothing doing at 12 Rs. per candy.
Exchange on England has been firm at 2s. 1 3-16 d. to
2s. 1 5-16 d. per rupee, for best bills at six months'
sight ; at present it has rather an upward tendency ; the
last quotation may be considered to be the rate of the
day.

by the Imperialists, it can only be held by them for
a short time ere it must again fall into the hands
of the new Government in the southward progress
of its conquering army.

About Canton. things may be said to remain in
statu quo ; but an approaching crisis is indicated
by the lamentable stagnation of trade. The high
rates of Exchange (6s. 7d. per dollar for good bills
on England, and 303 rupees per 100 dollars for
East India Company's accepted paper) being sad
proof of the absence of the circulating medium.
Her Majesty's sloop Lily has been sent up to guard
the factories ; and apparently emboldened by a re-
liance on the probability of quiet existing for some
time, his Excellency Admiral Pellew intends, it is
reported, to proceed to Manilla shortly with the
Winchester and Styx, in which event we shall have
to look to the United States navy for efficient pro-
tection. The United States store-ship Supply,
with 100 men from the steam-frigate Mississippi,
is anchored at present near the Lily in the Macao
Passage. Authentic intelligence reached Cantop,
a day or two ago, to the effect that a detachment
from the Nankin army had reached the borders of
Kwang-si, at the point where the Pearl River
enters from the Kwang-tung Province, and that
the patriots only waited news of the fall of Pekin
to advance towards Canton. Hard fighting is
looked for about the Meiling Pass, to which place
the Viceroy Ych has been for sometime sending
troops. A man, alleged to be one of the Arratoon
Apcar felons, was apprehended a few days ago by
an officer of the Chinese Government in the vicinity
of the White Cloud mountain, a short distance
from Canton, but not yet been -"landed over to our
Government.