The Sun.
London, England, 1854-04-27 00:00:00

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rit. M. .4, (1

3001. was refused for one of them, out of which it is known
that nine ounces of gold have been taken in six buckets of
earth. As before stated, the gold is found in the quartz
matrix, and at no considerable depth. The first layer is
igse nt
he ie. ar lelfyo
ifeo uc na
adt taowbaey taoso psot or
irp t op
npgay
bfuo tr tbhreesaipc ak i
rn kg 1 iunpgdand
ts
is invariably found in the second layer, 7 h h as yet has
in no case disappointed the hopes of the gold hunter, where
they have been confined within moderate limits."
The same journal adds :
" The news of these new diggings has inspired fresh life
into the frames of ourbusiness people, who were fast settling
down into a moody despondency under a growing but
groundless conviction that our goldfields were exhausted,
or that their slender attractions were powerless to draw
hither a population from Victoria. The idea now appears
to prevail that, with a large accession of diggers, diggings
equally rich would be found over a surface of country corn-
pr ism ••g hundreds of square miles, and we are as hopeful as
we have hitherto been desponding. The future looks bright
from the reflected light shed by the quartz ridges of Tamba-
roora, and the views of some of our business people have
undergone, within the last two or three days, a most
thorough and surprising change. Some few scintillations
of the electric excitement which in the early days of the
gold discovery were wont to rouse us to a temporary deli-
rium have manifested themselves in our hitherto quiet
town, and many who were looking towards Victoria as their
next theatre of action have philosophically resolved to wait
a little and watch the course of events."
The best review of the facts connected with the
goldmines for the past year is given in the last gold
circular of Messrs. Lloyd and Co., from which the
subjoined particulars are extracted :
"The northern mines, consisting of the Hangiag Rock,
Rocky River, and Bingera, have been worked with consider-
able success. The favourite method has been the system of
sluicing, which was established by some Americans from
California, and has been carried on upon a very large scale.
By its means water has been brought to spots previously un- '
workable for want of it. New diggings have been found in
the northern district of Cameron's Creak, near Armidale.
It is difficult to give any proximate estimate of the amount
of gold obtained from this district, as it has nearly all been
brought down to Sydney by private hand. In consequence,
the Government escort to the north has been discontinued.
A very large amount is, nevertheless, believed to have been
obtained. The produce of the western mines has been fluc-
tuating owing to the uncertainty in which the question of
the gold license fee was left during a large portion of the
year ; but the average brought down by the escort per week
from these mines for the year may be stated at 1,600 ounce.
Some new diggings have been discovered here on the Mac-
quarie river ab Durrandoug , these promise to turn out the
richest diggings in our western goldfield. The southern
mines near Braidwood have not been so productive this
year, having sent to Sydney by escort, on an average,
only about 600 ounces per week. Some new fields have
lately been discovered here also, the richness of which has
not yet been tried. On the southern boundary of the
colony, near the far-famed Ovens, but en this side of the
Murray River, some new diggings have been opened at
Adelong Creek, which have yielded a large amount of the
precious metal. One spot, to which there is at present an
immense rush, is named Buffalo Range. Some thousands
of miners are on their way thither, and the older worked
deposits on the Ovens are comparatively deserted. On
the whole it is believed that, under the reduced amount of
license fee, a much larger development of the mineral
wealth of the colony will take place, and that many of our
miners, who had gone over to the Victoria fields, will re-
turn. The more moderate price of the necessaries of life,
the greater degree of security and order, and the more
equal distribution of remuneration being taken to counter-
balance the splendid prizes and numerous blanks that cha-
racterise that district.
" As a proof that the general produce of the New South
Wales mines is sufficient to afford ample remuneration to
all the diggers employed, the following statistics may be
produced :—The number of licenses issued to diggers in
New South Wales for the first 10 months of 1853 was
32,670, or, on an average, 3,267 miners per month. The
total arrival of gold per escort and mail (exclusive of the
amount received from the Ovens diggings, which belong to
Victoria) is 145,036 ounces for the twelve months. This
divided by 3,267 will give as the individual earnings of
each digger a sum of 421 ounces, or, in value, about 1501.
per annum. But it will be seen that in this estimate only
the amount of gold brought down by escort and mail has
been taken into account, and that the amount at present
in the hands of diggers has not been estimated. There is
little doubt that the real produce is double the amount
stated, or, in other words, that the average earnings of
each digger is about 2501. per annum. Another calcula-
tion, founded on the export of gold from Sydney, produces
the same result, making the earnings of each person em-
ployed in digging 73 ounces of gold, or 2501. to 2601. per
annum. By several old diggers this is regarded as a very
moderate estimate ; and, from the unquestionable data
on which it is founded, it is capable of proof that it is
not too much, though it !is impossible to be certain
that it is not under the mark. It is very much to be
doubted whether the colony of Victoria can exhibit an
equally large return per man. The escorts provided by the
Government for the pretection of the gold during its tran-
sit from the mines to the capital have been conducted at
a heavy loss to the revenue, as they have not received
the encouragement from the public that they deserved.
In consequence, the northern escort has been discon-
tinued ; and we already hear of one robbery of gold hav-
ing taken place upon that road, and another of the
southern mail. The price of New South Wales gold has
fluctuated considerably during the year, having been in
Jan., 1853, as low as 70s. 9d., and in Sept. 775. 9d.
" The extreme fluctuations have arisen from the altera-
tion of the exchange in London, which has varied from fit
per cent. dis. to 21 per cent. prem., and is at present 1 per
cent. pm. The highest rates have been paid for shipments
to the East, where the exchange has lately operated most
Iheavily against bills on England. Our present quotation
is 775. to 776. M. for Victoria, and 755. for N.S.W. gold.
" The total export of gold from Sydney for the year end-
ing 1853 has been 621,947 ounces, and the total export from
its discovery to the end of the year 1853 has been 1,615,555
ounces, which, valued at 31. 15s. per ounce, gives a total of
6,058,331/. ss. There is calculated to be at present in Syd-
ney upwards of 50,000 ounces."
The produce of the fields of Victoria does not in-
crease, and the " bad luck" of many of the diggers
is no doubt at the bottom of much of the agitation
against licence fee and general regulations. But
there is still no evidence that the old diggings are
actually exhausted, though the correspondence of
the Sydney journals contains very gloomy predic-
tions in regard to them. There is a little jealousy
between the provinces on the merits of their respec-
tive fields; those of New South Wales, though the
earliest discovered, have long been eclipsed by Mount
Alexander, Bendigo, and Ballarat, by which Mel-
bourne is maintained. Still, it is evident from the
crowded population on those fields, the increasing
discontent among it, and the stationary or even
slightly diminished quantities of the escort returns,
that the discovery of a new field equal to either of
the old ones is beginning to be very desirable.
Mr. Forster, the Colonial Secretary of Victoria,
has visited Bendigo ; notwithstanding their differ-
ences with the Government, he was generally well
received by the diggers. It was remarked, as
something like an omen, that in the week before
Christmas the number of departures from the co-
lony of Victoria exceeded the arrivals, the difference
the wrong way, being 150. The last Melbourne
Gold Circular is to January 7. It states :
" From Ballarat a slight decrease has taken place this
week, and the same has occurred at Mount Alexander and
Bendigo. From M'lvor a small quantity has been received,
while the neighbouring field of Waranga or Goulburn has
ceased to be productive. Favourable reports have reached
town of a new and rich field having turned up about 12
miles from Mount Mellagull, on M'lntyre's station. The
numbers at work are not given, but those employed are
doing well. The reports from the Buckland are contradic-
tory, one party stating that, from the success of the dig-
gers, a very large increase of gold may be looked for by
next escort, while another states that numbers are return-
ing to their old quarters at Reid's and Spring Creeks. The
escorts brought from—

SPORTING NOTES.

RUNNING REMARKS FROM YORK.

Mount Alexander and Bendigo . 18,640
Ballarat, including Geelong- ... ... 8,567
M'lvor ... 422
The Ovens ... ... 4,734

32,363
" Gold shipped from Victoria in 18r4 :
Per Evadne to Calcutta ... .„ 3,613

Or 3qrs 11h. loz.' at 755. £13.548
" Exchange on London.—Draughts against gold taken
at 1 per cent. discount.
" The banks advance from 50s. to 60s. per ounce.
" Freight of gold delivered at the Bullion-office, London,
41d. per ounce.
" Insurance, guineas per cent. free of war risk."
A little stimulus has been given to the out-of-
doors agitation againt the Constitution Bill by the
reappearance of Dr. Lang in the arena. He arrived
from Europe when the discussion in the Council was
about to close, but immediately launched against
the plan some letters in the journals. But it was
not till last week he addressed a public meeting on
the question ; it was called by himself in the Circus,
and was numerously attended. Considering the
doctor's fame as an agitator, his speech did not
justify his reputation. He nearly wearied his
hearers by a long and pointless introduction, with-
out connection with the matter in hand ; he got
beyond their depth in a laboured parallel of the
landed aristocracy of Rome with the squatters of
Australia, and between the fall of that empire,
under the invasion of the Gauls and Germans, and
the probable result of a supposed invasion of the
colony by the French. He declared that, in case
of such an invasion, the people, under the projected
new constitution, would have nothing to fight for,
and, consequently, would offer no resistance. The
audience, not at once perceiving the doctor was
putting an assumed case, thought he was asserting
a fact not complimentary to the national spirit, and
showed signs of dissent, on which he was obliged to
explain. All this part of his address was a failure.
Re Succeeded best in an analysis of the present
electoral law, bestowing on the authors of it, how-
ever, coarser terms of abuse than political contro-
versy can justify. His s remedy for all political evils
is independence,
a separation of the colonies
under a federal
government ; but a great change
has come over society
Dr. Lang first started
his agitation. The colonies were
country ees were never less disposed
two than now. All
to quarrel with the
the immigration of the last
Tyearshe has tended
c the best
to strengthen the bonds of union power of
the home Government is considered
protection against the undue influence of the
" great interest" of the colony. Fresh blood,
quicker, or, at least, more frequent communica-
tion, and the removal of most of the chief causes
of colonial discontent, especially the cessation of
convictism, have done wonders in changing both
opinions and feeling. Another generation has
arisen' that knows not Dr. Lang ; and a theory
which gained attention a few years would now ex-
cite no interest beyond the circle of the Doctor's
personal partisans.
The Sydney public bad scarcely done laughing At

Newmarket
Worcester....,

Lancaster
Mansfield ll
Liverpool l2
Ipswich 13
AU(
Brighton
Brighton Club 4
Wolverhampton
Yarmouth 8
Reading
Odiham 9

North Staffordshire 9

Wolverhampton l4


rr TT t

SUN, LONDON, I'HUIRSDAY EVENING, APRIL 27, 1854,

The Great Northern Handicap afforded another and
a convincing proof of the vast superiority of Virago.
From start to finish the race was not for an instant in
doubt. Lough Bawn took up the running soon after
quitting the post, Virago quietly " biding her time
until reaching the Knavesmare wood when she gradually
improved her position, took second place soon after
rounding the turn into the straight, passed Lough Bawn
at the distance, and won without the semblance of an
effort by a clear length. So great a certainty was her
success deemed that she was the only animal actually
backed for the race; early in the morning even money was
eagerly betted on her against the field, but her partizans
hardening in confidence increased their investments until
they freely laid 2 to 1 and 7 to 4 on her. Although
there were seventeen runners 12 to 1 was currently
offered, bar one ;—a circumstance unparalleled in the
memory of the oldest turfite. The owner of Virago
was warmly congratulated on his success, and more
than once the question, " Why did you scratch her
for the Chester Cup ?" was put to him. In answer
to this query I heard him publicly declare that
he struck her out in a passion ! My " cockboat"
Lough Bawn satisfied me by his performance. Defi-
ance so ominously declined in the betting that I
scarcely know whether I am to consider his running
honest or not. Kingston showed prominently in the
van of the encounter until turning into the straight,
when he disappeared from the front. Had he been
persevered with he might have obtained a more forward
position at the finish. Heapy got badly off, but was
sixth past the winning post. John Scott, however, was
not a little " savage" at his jockey's indiscretion iu "ex-
posing" the horse, and rated him soundly in consequence,
telling him that he ought to have known he had not an
earthly chance, and should have pulled up. Balrownie
was third—a performance certainly not insignificant, and
one that forcibly suggests the question " where would
West Australian have been ?"

Book-makers, with few exceptions, stood the field
" like lambs." The Leviathan Book Maker, took odds
despite the warning which he received from " honest
John" in the morning. Principle, I suppose, would not
allow him to take advantage of the tip. Kingston's
party backed their horse, but they were scarcely san-
guine of success. " Good-bye, Bob," were the last
words of Mr. Morris to Basham as the latter quitted
the enclosure on Kingston. None but the owner was
seemingly sweet upon Jujube, and it was not his fault
if every one was not acquainted with his partiality.
My notes on the minor events must be brief. Orestes,
as I expected, won the Craven Stakes. Hospodar,
much improved horse, belonging to Lord Zetland,
carried off the Spring St. Leger with admirable ease, and
was immediately backed somewhat spiritedly for the
Derby at 50 and 40 to 1. The Zetland Stakes occa-
sioned some heavy betting. Sicily was the favourite,
but she sorely disappointed her backers; my "first
fancy " Bessie won, after an exciting race in with Mary,
by a head. Mary was backed with much spirit ; her
owner it is said investing about one thousand pounds on
her.

The weather was cold but not unfavourable to the
enjoyment of the sport. The attendance of general com-
pany was very large, but the muster of business men
and fashionable visitors perhaps fell short of expectation.
Still, the getters up of the meeting have cause to con-
gratulate themselves upon the satisfactory inauguration
of the First Great Northern Handicap. The efficiency
of the "executive department " was attested by the
punctuality and regularity with which the proceedings
were conducted. Mr. North, the clerk of the course,
as usual distinguished himself by his zeal for the proper
carrying out of the details of the management.
Before closing my communication I may refer, with
pardonable satisfaction, to my "notes and notions"
which were published in The Sun on Monday. After
stating my opinions at length respecting the Great Nor-
thern Handicap, I thus "summed up" the proba-
bilities :
" After her recent achievements at Epsom, it would be
seemingly sheer folly to desert Virago's colours ; still I am
compelled to confess that in Kingston, Vindex, and
Defiance she will meet her most dangerous antagonists,
and one of them may snatch the victory from her. I have
omitted West Australian from this " summing up," be-
cause lam at present in doubt as to his starting. Should
he, however, go to the post, I shall not deem his chance a
forlorn one. Of the " extreme outsiders," I give the pre-
ference to Lough Bawn and Jujube. The former is cer-
tainly favourably weighted, and many shrewd judges in-
tend " to go for the off chance with him."
The scepticism which I entertained respecting Virago's
" flying qualities" is now removed.
The Craven Stakes I assigned to Orestes, the Zetland
Stakes to Bessie, and the Spring St. Leger to Barrel.
It will be seen, therefore, that I indicated the winner of
every race which I touched upon, except the last-nen
tioned event, for which my " pick" from a field of ten
ran second.

A FRESH MAN.

YORK SPRING MEETING.
CONCLUSION OF TUESDAY'S RACES.—ADDITIONAL
PARTICULARS.
THE GREAT NORTHERN HANDICAP of 25 sovs. each, 15
ft, and 5 only if declared, &c., with 300 added by the
licensed victuallers and their friends. Penalties for
certain winners ; the second horse in any handicap,
value 500 sovs, 51b extra. No horse to carry more
than 101 b extra. The second horse to receive 100 sovs
' out of the stakes, and the third to save his stake.
Two miles, over the old course. Two hundred and
ten subs, 129 of whom declared.
Mr. Howard's Virago, by Pyrrhus the First, 3 yrs,
6st 61b (including 101 b extra) (Wells) 1
Mr. J. J. Henderson's Lough Bawn, 6 yrs, 7st 21b
(G. Oates) 2
Mr. I'Anson's Balrownie, 4 yrs, Bst 31b (Templeman) 3
The following also ran :
Mr. Morris's Kingston, 5 yrs, Bst 121 b (Basham) 0
Sir C. Monk's Vindex, 4 yrs, 7st 71b ...(E. Harrison) 0
Mr. T. Parr's Defiance, 4 yrs, 7st 61b (Hiett) 0
Mr. W. M. E. Milner's Grapeshot, 4 yrs, 7st 31b

(J. Osborne)
Lord Chesterfield's Typee, 4 yrs, 7st 21b ...(Ashmall)
Mr. H. Watters's Lord Fauconberg, 4 yrs, Est 13Ib
(G. Waddington)
Mr. Surtees's Colsterdale, 6 yrs, 6st 121 b (Carroll)
Mr. C. Spence's Catherine Parr, 4 yrs, Est 1 llb

(T. Cliff)
Mr. H. T. Thompson's Guicowar, 4 yrs, Est 111 b
(J. Gill)
Mr. S. Murland's Ammonia, 5 yrs, Est 61b (T. Sher-

wood)
Mr. Harrison's Heapy, 4 yrs, 6st 61b (carried Est 81b)

(Chilman) 0
Mr. C. Peck's The Puritan, 5 yrs, Est 61b...(Hayhoe) 0
Mr. Knapton's Merry Monk, 3 yrs, sst 121b...(Bates) 0
Mr. E. R. Clark's Jujube, 3 yrs, 4st 121 b (Cressy/ell) 0
Betting—At one time 2 to 1 was betted on Virago,
but 7 to 4 was the closing price ; 100 to 8 each agst
Kingston and Defiance, 100 to 7 agst Vindex, 16 to
1 agst Typee ; 25 to 1 each agst Lough Bawn and
Heapy, 100 to 3 agst Catherine Parr, 40 to 1 agst
Jujube. Nothing backed for money except the fa-
vourite. Oliver, jun., weighed for Ann Eliza, but
she did not go to the post. On drawing together to
start, Merry Monk broke away and ran some dis-
tance out of the course to the right before he was
pulled up. Soon after being brought back the flags
were dropped, and away the high-mettled competitors
streamed. Puritan immediately went to the front, with
Lough Bawn in close attendance, Ammonia and Vindex
being third and fourth ; the favourite, Kingston, and
Balrownis lying about the middle of the ruck. Scarcely
had they proceeded a quarter of a mile when Lough
Bawn took up the running, and on passing Knavesmire
Wood he was seen in possession of a distinct lead, but
his chance was even then in palpable jeopardy, for the
favourite full of running, improved ber position at every
stride, and showed that, barring an accident, the
victory was within her power. Nearing the straight,
less and less was the interval between her and Lough
Bawn ; Kingston followed her round the turn, and
then gave way, Balrownie and Defiance taking
third and fourth places. At the distance the favourite
obtained the lead ; Lough Bawn made a vigorous
effort to regain it, but in vain ; the favourite defeated
him very easily by a length, the second beating the third
three lengths ; a length between third and fourth ; Lord
Fauconberg was fifth ; Heapy, who lost start, was sixth ;
and Colsterdale seventh. Puritan and Ammonia, in the
extreme rear, pulled up and walked in. Net amount of
the stakes, 2,1801.

SELLING STAKES of 25 sow, added to a Sweepstakes of
5 sous each. for three-yr-olds and upwards. Optional
selling weights, &c. One mile and a quarter. Four

subs.—
Captain Reynard's Vinaigrette, by Bentley, 4 yrs,
7st lib (30i.) (Kendall) 1
Mr. Wright's The Greek Slave, 3 yrs, 6st (301.) (Bates) 2
Mr. G. S. Tiompson's Shamrock, 4 yrs, 7st 71b (301.)
(Thompson) 3
Mr. John 'Thomas's Goldfringe, 5 yrs, 7st 71b (301.)
(Barrett) 4
Betting-7 to 4on The Greek Slave, 3to 1 agst
Vinaigrette. Won cleverly by half a length. A length
and a half between the second and third.
ORDER OF RUNNING THIS DAY.
2. 0 Scramble.
2.30 Flying Dutchman's Handicap.
3. Eglinton Stakes.
3.45 Londesborough Cup.
4.15 Tyro Stakes.
4.45 City Plate.

RACING FIXTURES FOR 1854.
MAY.
Newmarket F S
Chester Spring 9 Lewes ...................... 19
Lothians & Edinburgh 11 Bath .... . .. ................ 23
Newmarket S S 16 Liverpool Hunt Spring ..24
I
Shrewsbury lB Epsom 30
JUNE.
Manchester
Ascot Heath... l3 Stockbridge ... ........ ..29
Newcastle-on-Tyne 2O Ludlow 30
Hampton 2l Winchester 3O
Carlisle 26
JU

X.
Stourbridge l7
Stamford 18
Nottingham 2O
Goodwood 25
Ripon 31

Egham
York
Hereford 24
Eccles 2B
Chelmsford 29
Derby
Plymouth
Liucohz