The Sun.
London, England, 1853-02-24 00:00:00

the treasurer stated that for two years the defendant had
been receiving Lawton's pay at the rate of 55., while he
paid him but 4s. per day.
The Assistant=Judge sentenced him to hard labour for
18 calendar months.

There was an indictment against the prisoner for felony
—stealing a carpenter's work bench—but it was not pro-
ceeded with.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

WORSHIP-STREET.—The Rev. J. S. Angley, who
was fined 20s. by Mr. D'Eyncourt, the magistrate sitting
at this court, on the 7th inst., for an assault, and ob-
structing two police-constables, has received the follow-
ing letter from the Home-office, to which he appealed
against the decision of the police magistrate :
" Whitehall, Feb. 22, 1853.
Sir,—l am directed by Viscount Palmerston to inform
you that his lordship has made a full inquiry into the com-
plaint of the police, which you addressed to him on the Bth
inst. Lord Palmerston has considered the conflicting. evi-
dence which was given at the Police Court, and is of opinion
that the decision of the magistrate cannot be supporta]. ;
and his lordship has therefore directed that the fine which
was imposed shall bo returned to you. Lord Palmerston
directs me at the same time to admonish you that you were
wrong in interfering- with the policeman on the spot ; and
that if you thought ho ltad exceeded his duty, and the case
was ono which required notice, you should have repre-
sented the matter in writing to his lordship, in order that
the proper and necessary steps might be taken. It was not
at all necessary for this purpose that you should take the
constable's number, as Lord Palmerston could easily have
ascertained what constable was on duty on the spot at the
time.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant,—

" H.WADDINGTON."

WESTMINSTER.—Gcorge Stansbury, £he conduc-
tor of a Chelsea omnibus, was charged with exacting
more than his legal fare.

Mr. Joseph Robert Nichols, of 6, Globe-place, Chel-
sea, stated that about 12 o'clock on the night of the 14th
inst.; he got into the defendant's omnibus at the top of
Sloane-street, Knightsbridge, and rode to Church-street,
King's-road, Chelsea, where the defendant demanded 6d.
and refused to take less. There was a large figure of 3d.
on defendant's window, and upon complainant stating
that he should summon him for the overcharge, defendant
replied that if he did he would have to pay his day's
work.

Defendant, in reply, alleged that he had not been
guilty of any overcharge, and produced a copy of the
table of fares which were fixed, as required by law, in-
side the omnibus, and which, amongst other things, con-
tained the following item—" After 10 o'clock at night
all fares 6d.

Mr. Arnold felt reluctantly compelled to dismiss this
summons, because it charged the'tlefendant with having
taken more than his legal fare, when, in point of fact,
according to the table of fares inside the omnibus, placed
there as required by law, he had not. He at the same
time thought that placing the large " 3d." in the win-
dow, which was not required by law, in a prominent and
conspicuous manner, with the comparatively small cha-
racters around it, was a great fraud upon the public, as
leading persons to infer that 3d. was the fare they were
to pay, there being no time for persons to make particu-
lar inquiry at the time of their getting in. This prac-
tice of small ticketing was extremely reprehensible, and,
had complainant refused to pay more than 3d., and been
summoned for the other 3d., he (the worthy magistrate)
would certainly, not have compelled him to pay it.
The summons was accordingly dismissed.
Defendant applied for costs for his day's work, but the
magistrate refused to allow it.

MARYLEBONE.—Titomas Mackett, against whom
a coroner's jury has returned a verdict of wilful murder,
was again examined, charged with drowning Eliza Lee.
The former examination had been adjourned for the
production of a bargeman. This witness, Thos. Ducas,
now deposed—l am captain of the Cornelius barge. I
remember the day upon which the alleged- murder hap-
pened. I was in my barge on the Regent's canal,Jew's-
harp basin. While in my barge at half-past six I heard
some one exclaim, " For God's sake, Tom, don't ;" and
I think the exclamation came from a female. I also
think I heard the words, "Don't drown me;" but I can-
not be positive about that. The sound seemed to come
from the direction of the Regalia. I have often heard
such cries, and did not leave my barge to see what was
the matter. The night was very foggy.
The magistrate did not deem it necessary to have the
evidence of the witness Ducas given in with the other
depositions, as the prisoners could not have been the
party to whom the cries of " Oh, don't, Tom," were di
rected,- inasmuch as he and the deceased were drinking
tea together at a house in Pratt-street at seven on the
night of the drowning. -
The prisoner, who by the advice of his solicitor had
nothing to say, was fully committed.
Mary Anne Griffin, a delicate-looking young woman,
aged 22, was placed at the bar before Mr. Broughton
for re-examination, charged with the wilful murder of
her male infant, by cutting its throat with a pair of
scissors. The prisoner was housemaid at Mr. William
Hart's, 7, Gloucester-place, Hyde-park-gardens. Some
particulars connected with the shocking affair have al-
ready appeared in our paper. 4
Mr. W. F. Cooper, solicitor, New Church-street,
Edgware-road, attended for the prisoner.
Harriett Mitchell said—l am lady's maid to Mrs.
Hart. Prisoner was housemaid there, and I had no
idea that she was in the- family way. On Thursday,
January 27, the nursemaid came to me, and in conse-
quence of what she said I went up stairs with her, to
the prisoner s bed-room. She (prisoner was sitting on a
chair, apparently very ill, and much excited. I asked
her what was the matter, but she gave me no direct
answer. From the change in her appearance, I told her
I thought she had given birth to a child, when she said
she had not, she had only miscarried. I told her I was
, afraid it was something worse than that ; and at the
same moment I heard a kind of gurgling noise in her box.
I asked her for the key, which, without any hesitation,
she gave me ; and on opening the box, I found a hand-
basin filled with stained cloths of different kinds ; and
in a bundle close by, was a child wrapped up in two
petticoats and a gown, which the prisoner had on when
I last saw her. I and the nursemaid then took the child
out of the box, and sent for a doctor. I laid the child on
the floor, when the head fell back, and I saw a gash in
its throat. The prisoner attempted to stab herself with
a pair of scissors, declaring that she would destroy her-
self. I and the nurse knocked the scissors out of her
hand, and put them away. The prisoner and the child,
were on the following Monday removed to the Padding-
ton workhouse. _ _ .

Susan Burford, the cook, said— At about three in the
afternoon of the 27th of January, I went up to the
room with Dr. Golander. Prisoner was then lying
in bed. The lady's maid had in her lap the child,
whose throat was cut ; it was bleeding profusely.
On the same evening at half-past seven, I went up
again to prisoner, and held the infant till a•nurse who
had been sent for came. The prisoner told me that it
was her intention to have killed herself and the child too.
On the next day the nursemaid showed me a pair of
scissors which she
Shad picked up from behind a box.
There was blood upon them, but it has since been wiped
off. I went to the prisoner once or twice a day after-
wards, and she seemed very fond of the baby. I ob-
served blood upon her petticoat. I did not see any baby
linen in the room.

Sarah Clements; a nurse in the workhouse, and Ann
Kidley, a pauper therein, deposed that when prisoner
was brought, into the house she said, "I've done it ; I've
done it but she was unable to account for the way in
which die child's throat was cut. It lived ten days after
its admission into the workhouse. It took a deal of
nourishment, and swallowed well for many days before
it died.

Mr. Cooper declined to cross-examine either of the
witnesses in the present stage of the proceedings, and, as
the medical gentleman was not present, the prisoner waS
remanded till Wednesday next.

CAREER OF A GOVERNMENT EMIGRANT TO AUSTRALIA.
—One of the chief master builders in Melbourne is a
native of Hampshire. He served his time to a cabinet
maker in Ramsey, in that county, and afterwards worked
as a journeyman to a master builder and cabinet maker
at Andover, in the same county, where he got an insight
into the carpentry business. Three years ago he was
sent out to Australia as a government emigrant. This
was before the gold discoveries. He settled at Mel-
boUrne, where he got work at his trade, and earned 8s
a day. He soon saw that housebuiiding would be a
profitable occupation, on account of the influx of
strangers, and the want of house accommodation.
He accordingly worked as a journeyman for a twelve-
month, saved up money enough to build a house, by
which he did well, then he built other houses, and did
better. The gold discoveries were then made, and such
was the madness of everyone to rush to the diggings,
shat the Hampshire carpenter found his trade worth
nothing, because he could get no one to work for him.
At the beginning of this year he had purchased a large
supply of timber for building houses, but he could not
proceed for want, of hands. He, therefore, and four
more persons, went to the diggings; and in three months
they returned to Melbourne with about 1501. worth of
gold a piece. He now re-commenced business, got,
eight or ten journeymen to work for him, whom he paid
somethine. like 20s. a day each for labour, and is getting,
on swimmingly. He is a married man, and has three
children. He has sent recently to his relatives in
Hampshire a very handsome sum of money as a present.
Such is the success of a man who three years ago was
assisted by the government to emigrate to Australia.
LOOKING-GLASSES.. The manufacture of looking-
progress. What was originally an object of luxury is
glasses in France has of late years made a remarkable
now a matter of necessity. Thus the factory of St. Go-
bain, which thirty years back furnished about 200,000
square feet of looking-glass, has extended its pro-
duction to 500,000 square feet. Its shares, which in
1830 were worth 10,000 f., had risen in 1835 to
30,000 f. The factories of St. Quirin and Cirey, esta-
blished
nsesi
mOc
PkOciefllany.l,rat
insaitrdi
quantity. In
iceneltgjain
ritlLn affordedeiooo
produced f. ,
prosperity
gininit ttlillee
blished at a later period, and afterwards united to
that of St. Gobain, followed the same' progress ;
e
imsti
ejt)ifr.
r'°
nds,
arait
marked
rilo:sfeso:
its
inhwi
leaclaiirtasc.ephsit,.juht
manufactory of St. Marie d'Oignes presents the same
and the I,ooof. shares are at present worth 1,8351
In fine, the manufactory of Montlucon, the last estab-
lished, obtained the silver meslal at the exhibition of
Paris in 1849, and the Er'gliih medal at the exhibit
ion
of London in 1851. This establish•
establishment, which de-
livered its products to consumption, in
only in 1850, has beheld its sales increaseany quantity,
in two years
from 5,000 square metres to 12,000.
A ".CALOItIC ENGINE" IN SCOTLAND.---We learn from
the Duidee Advertiser that the foundry works of that
town were between 1843 and 1845 carried on with a
" Caloric" engine.

THE AFFRAY AT SIX-MILE-BRIDGE.

ENNIS, TUESDAY EVENING. —The commission was I
opened this morning, in the Criminal Court, by the
Right Hon. Judge Perrin, at half-past ten o'clock, and
the grand jury having been sworn,
His Lordship proceeded to deliver the following
charge :—Sir Lucius O'Brien and gentlemen of the
grand jury of the county of Clare, the calendar is very
heavy, and presents severalcases of serious charges, several
of homicide and other offences. There is one case which
has been the subject of a great deal of observation, con-
versation, and discussion in the journals of every part of
the empire and elsewhere. In the case to which I refer,
unfortunately and deplorably, a number of persons lost
their lives ; and there are, I believe, nine persons charged,
eight soldiers and a ,gentleman who is a magistrate of
your county. The soldiers were bound, and were there
under orders. There was nothing illegal in their pro-
ceeding through the crowd with the freeholders, pos-
sibly like any other body of freeholders and their com-
panions, but doing and offering no unnecessary violence,
nor were they to be subject to any violence from others.
They had no right to force a way through the crowd by
violence, nor to remove any obstruction by arms, still
less by discharging deadly firearms. They had no right
to repel a
_trespass on themselves, or on the escort, by
firing or inflicting mortal wounds. You will observe the
distinction I take between removing an obstruction and
repelling a trespass in another part of the case. They
had a. right to lay hold of, as every subject of her
Majesty has, and to arrest persons guilty of any assault
or trespass, or other act tending to a riot, either to re-
strain or make them amenable. There is no distinction
between soldiers and others in that respect, Lord Mans-
field says, and his attention was verygmuch called to this
subject, touching the military engaged not as soldiers,
but, he says, as citizens, and I say,, as subjects of her
Majesty. No matter whether their coats be red or
brown, they are employed not to subvert but to pre-
serve the laws which they ought to prize so highly,
taking care not to commit any unnecessary violence, or
to abuse the power vested in them. Every one is justi-
fied in doing what is necessary for the faithful Uischalge
of his duty, although he is deeply culpable ii he wan-
tonly commits any illegal act under the pretext of law.
If assaulted, or struck with stones, they had a tight to
repel force by force, but not with deadly or mortal
weapons ; though if provoked by blows, so as to lose
the command of their tempers—though more forbear-
ance, perhaps, would be expected from soldiers than
from others—if they did, when so provoked, use the
mortal weapons in their hands, not with any previous
premeditation on their parts so to use them—and I have
marked the distinction between soldiers and others
under such circumstances—in such repulsion or affray,
the law, in consideration of the provocation and the
frailty of human nature, reduces the crime which would
otherwise be murder to manslaughter. And if it should
still further appear that, having been so assailed
and attacked, they having been guilty of no aggres-
sion, and repelling force by force, the violence proceeded
so far that, without any misconduct on their part, their
lives were threatened, and in actual danger ; and if it
appears that, in order to save themselves and their lives,
they were obliged to fire, and did fire, in the defence of
their lives, and slay, the homicide is excusable and jus-
tifiable. But in order to warrant that finding by the
jury, or that proceeding by the soldiers, you must be
convinced by actual proof that their conduCt had been
all through correct, and by actual proof—not the sayings
nor the opinions of any individual—that their lives were
in danger, and were saved by the firing, and only by the
firing. In order to warrant such a finding as that, you
must entertain that conviction founded upon the evi-
dence given before you. The facts evincing .danger im-
minent to their lives, and which could be prevented only
by the firing, must be established by clear evidence, de-
monstrating that such danger existed, and could be pre-
vented only by resorting to that deplorable remedy. In
considering that matter, you will recollect that there
were of the party forty soldiers fully armed, with fixed
bayonets, under the command of two officers and two
sergeants ; and further, that it is at least doubtful whe-
ther there was any legal command upon them to fire.
No command was given by their officers. I think that is
admitted on all hands. And, further, you must recollect
that the firing cannot be justified upon the ground merely
that otherwise the freeholders might either have escaped
or been withdrawn. That would afford no justification
for slaying the assailants. You will also consider where
the matter occurred—in this respect favourable to the ac-
cused—a narrow lane. In another point of view (but this
is a matter for inquiry), it is said to have been near the
court-house, and near an open road where there was a
large body of police and a strong detachment of soldiers
stationed, and where several magistrates were in attend-
ance. Yon will consider the matter I have before taken
into consideration, whether the soldiers fired without
orders, and whether they showed the steadiness and for-
bearance that they ought. I need not again repeat to
gentlemen of your intelligence that when I state any-
thing I merely state what I have been informed ; and I
will not state a word as to that, but you will look to the
evidence before you. If it shall appear to you that shots
were fired, and some persons were killed, at a consithjr-
able distance from the lane, and out of that lane, and by
some of the soldiers who had occupied and immediately
came from it, and gained the open ground without any
continued resistance—where there was no pretence of
danger to their lives, and the persons were some at a
great distance, and some of them with their halo;
turned—if that state of facts appeared, without previous
excitement and previous provocation, it would amount
to a case of murder. If you should find that the homi-
cide was of the worst description, and that they had un-
necessarily, and without provocation and excitement tp
excuse, and also a warmth of blood, for which there is
an allowance made, you could not visit their act upon
the whole body ; and, therefore, it will be material for
you to ascertain who those individual persons were.
With respect to those slain in the lane, if you are con-
vinced that the soldiers were not the aggressors, but
that when they fired they were unlawfully assailed, so
as to be in real danger of their own lives, and could not
otherwise save them—as I before mentioned, it would
amount to justifiable homicide, and ought to be so found.
But if you think that, though they were not the a -
sors, and that they were assailed and struck, ggraend
being thereby provoked, repelled force byforce
wows the
affray thickening, and they receiving' blows, either from weapons in the hands,
stones cast upon them—that they wereprovoked
so, and repelled force by force, so as to get thpeir blood
so heated that they fired and slew them—l think, then,
you ought to find a bill of manslaughter against all, that
is against every man who is proved to
you to have dis-
charged his musket on that occasion . but you must such proof, of course. And whatever
you find with respect to those slain in the lane- -manslaughter
homicide in self-defence—you ought to find a bill f
manslaughter, at the very least, against every soldier
who is proved to you to have fired in the broad street, called Lodge-road.
The grand jury then retired, and, previous to the
ris-
ing
of the court, they came into the box, and Sir
L O'Brien, the foreman, on handing in some bills, stated.
that it was too late theli.to enter on the consideration of
the Six-mile-bridge case, and accordingly it was
post-
poned
until to-morrow at eleven o'clock. There are
twenty witnesses to be examined.

STATISTICS OF DRUNKENNESS IN THE METROPOLIS.
A Parliamentary paper has been published in return to a
motion made by Mr. Hume, showing the number of
persons taken into custody for drunkenness and for dis-
orderly conduct by the metropolitan police force, with
similar returns relating to the city of London, and to
the cities of Edinburgh and Glasgow. This interesting
paper throws a favourable light on the progress of so-
briety and good conduct in the various districts of
London. In 1831, when the metropolitan popula-
tion amounted to 1,515,585, there were 31,353 persons
arrested for drunkenness, and 10,383 for disorderly
conduct ; of the drunkards, 11,605 were women, and
19,748 were men • among the persons who conducted
themselves in a di sorderry manner there were 7,287
women and 3,096 men. In 1841, when the population
had increased to 2,068,107, the numbers of the same
offences were still enormous, the total for drunkenness
being 15,006, and for disorderly conduct 15,810 ; there
were among these totals 5,123 female drunkards and
9,883 males, and among the disorderly there were
7,913 women and 7,897 men. In the same year the
city police took up 2,313 persons for drunkenness and
802 persons for disorderly conduct among a population,
as shown by the census return; of 123,563 persons.
In 1851, when the population of the metropolitan dis-
tricts had increased to 2,399,004, the total number of
persons arrested for drunkenness had decreased to
10,668, 6,207 of whom were men and 4,461 women, and
the total of disorderly persons arrested was 6,138, 2,556
of whom were men and 3,762 women. In the city the
numbers were in 1851—drunkards arrested, 280 ; dis-
orderly persons arrested, 681. Edinburgh, with 140,000
inhabitants in 1841, shows 4,824 arrests for drunkenness
and disorderly conduct in that year, and in 1851, when
the population was 166,000 the arrests were only 2,793,
while Glasgow, with 333,651 inhabitants in 1851, had in
that year 10,012 arrests for the reasons mentioned
above.
SIR CHARLES WOOD AND FRANCE--- Si . ood
has now doubt received a severe rebukedrohms hisW col-
leagues ; and it is unquestionable that, whether de-
lauded or not, a sufficient apology has been tendered
to and accepted by the representative of France,
which for the present terminates the affair; But
Sir Charles Wood must be taught to -bridle his
his tongue. When Chancellor of the Exchequer,
his great fault was that he scarcely ever ut-
tered a sentence intelligibly, and that his bud-
gets were confused and incomprehensible jumbles.
In this instance he was unfortunately but too distinct,
and his reiteration of the "gagin " rase which
appeared so to delight him, only gcong firmpsh the general
tenor of his remarks, and makes us, wish that, for once
at least he had been the subject of his remarks, and
makes us wish that for once at least, he had been the
subject of his complaints, and that himself, like the
French press, had been " named." Sir Charles Wood
will be more discreet for the Future ; or, in the words of
Sir James Graham—another sinner, by-the-bye, in this
very same matter—the public will know " the reason
why."—Edinburgh. Advertiser.
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