The Sun.
London, England, 1854-11-28 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 28, 1854.

NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE.

St. George, 420, Captain Byres, C. 8., is still in Ply-
mouth Sound ; Calcutta, 84, Captain J. J. Stopford, is
at Falmouth. The sea-going ships Royal William, 120,'
Captain Kingcome ; Cossack, 21, screw, Captain E. G.
Fanshavve ; and the Belleisle, hospital ship, Commander
Rosken, are in Hamoaze.
Exmouth, 90, screw, Captain Hon. F. Pelham, was
not in commission on Sunday. Captain Smith, C. 8., of
the Prince Regent, 90, at Portsmouth, having been ap-
pointed superintendent of the Clarence Victualling
Yard, the petty officers, seamen, and mar:nes of that
ship are to be turned over to the Exmouth. Her com-
plement of marines is to be made up from the Marine
Artillery at Devonport,
The Arethusa, 50, Captain Symonds, had been ordered
from Constantinople for Malta. We hear that she has
arrived there with 192. invalids. She is to come to
England.
The Brisk, 15, screw, Commander Curtis, received
orders at Portsmouth yesterday morning to leave Spit-
head without delay. She sailed yesterday afternoon,
and will call at Plymouth for her mail.
Rolla and Sealark, naval instruction brigs, went out
of Portsmouth harbour yesterday for their usual chan-
nel cruise.
Drake, mortar-vessel, will leave Portsmouth Harbour
to-day for practice, after which she proceeds to Sheer-
ness for further trial, thence to the Crimea.

TEE LAST AUSTRIAN N.

AUSTRIA AND TIIE WESTERN POWERS.

(Front the Daily News.)
And what of Austria ? There is something very signi-
ficant in the fact of,Genera.l Coronini's promulgation at
Bucharest of the account of the battle of Inkermann,
which we re-publish to-day. In addition to this, we
hear in quarters into which the earliest information of
the wishes and designs of the Austrian Government are
known to penetrate, the affirmation confidently repeated
that—Austria is coming round to the Allies. Some
even go so far as to maintain that a treaty of alliance
between Austria and the Western Powers is arranged,
and ready for signature. Without reposing undue con-
fidence in the more definite of these statements, enough
has transpired to show that the almost superhuman
valour displayed by the French and English at the
battle of Inkermann ; the immense losses sustained by
the Russians on that occasion, and their subsequent
despondency and inactivity ; and, above all, the tho-
roughly reused spirit of France and England, and the
redoubled efforts that are being made to hurry forward
additional troops and military stores to the Crimea,
have made a deep impression on the Cabinet of Vienna.
.Ye believe that Austria is now ready to draw closer the
ties that bind it to the Western Powers—that it is ready
to forego all stipulations to be allowed to postpone its
final and formal breach with Russia to the spring. We
believe this, because we believe that the character of
the Austrian Government is unchanged and unchange-
able ; that it may be apostrophised now as in the days of
Shakspeare

Thou ever strong upon the stronger side !
Thou—Fortune's champioa—that doest never fight,
But when her humorous ladyship is by
To teach thee safety !

If Austria is indeed ready to conclude a treaty of
alliance with the Western Powers it can only be because
Austria sees no other path of safety open to it. The
Western Powers may have its alliance upon their own
terms ; and it is a duty they owe the two great nations,
the assertion of whose rights and interests devolves
upon them, to take care that these terms are such as can
in no eventuality bring damage or dishonour upon them.
There need be io scruples about driving a hard bargain
with Austria on the score of delicacy. In its dealings
hitherto with France and England, Austria itself has
displayed neither delicacy nor common honesty. Its
conduct, with regard to the Principalities, has been
from first to last hostile to the interests of Turkey and
the Western Powers—particularly of England. On
the head of the Austrian Government rests in a
great measure the guilt of the blood of so many
brave Englishmen shed before Sebastopol. Had
not Austrian intrigue, at Constantinople, and
Austrian chicanery and bullying at Bucharest,
paralysed the operations of Omer Pacha, many of the
Russian troops which fought at Balaklava and Inker-
man could not have left the banks of the Danube and
the Prath. Austria, while professing friendship to
France and England, has been manoeuvring to enable
Russia to detach troops from Bessarabia to combat the
French and English armies before Sebastopol. Austria
his been labouring assiduously to rob Turkey of the
Danubian Principalities by converting its temporary
military occupation of them into a permanent political
annexation of them te the Austrian dominions. The last
known insult offered by the Austrian Commander-in-
Chief to Omer Pacha was aimed also at England.
Austrian intrigue at Constantinople obtained from
a weak or treacherous Minister of the Porte, an
order to Oder Pacha to dismiss one of his
bravest and most trusted officers—Massar Pacha.
That officer is an Englishman—an Englishman who has
deserved well of his country by his gallant services in
the last Kaffir war, at the head of a troop raised at his
own expense. Sir Stephen Lakeman was selected by
the Austrians to be the man through whose side a
treacherous blow was aimed at his General, for no other
apparent reason than because he was an Englishman.
At the time the order for his dismissal was obtained
from a weak or venal Minister at Constantinople, and
placed in the hands of Austrian diplomatists and gene-
rals to be transmitted to Omer Pacha, there had been
no open breach between Sir Stephen Lakeman and
Count Corenini. The dispute about the reception of
Prince Ghika occurred anbeequently to the claniestine
impetration of the order for Sir Stephen's dismissal.
Not a moment ought to be lost by Ministers, after
the meeting of Parliament, to explain the nature of
Oils extraordinary transaction, and the steps which
they have taken in consequence. They can at the
same time inform the Legislature—and through it the
country—what amount of truth there it in the assertions
of the Vienna journals, that up to this moment Mr.
Colquhoun, and his colleague at Jassy, have not re-
sumed the exercise of their consular functions in Wal-

lachia and Moldavia since the entry of the Austrian
troops, and what has been the cause of the delay.
Austria, it seems, is now eager to conclude an inti-
mate alliance with France and England ; but, before
Austria is admitted to the benefits of such an alliance,
France and England ought to insist upon its making
reparation for the injury it has done them. Franco and
England ought, moreover, to tie Austria down by dis-
tinct treaty stipulations to abstain from all attempts to

transfer the sovereignty of the Danubian Principalities
from the Porte to itself:' Lastly, France and England
ought to give Austria clearly to understand that they
do not bind themselves to interfere in any case between
it and its subjects ; that they do not intend to be made
the instruments for propping up its tottering dominion
over Hungarians and Italians.

( From the Morning Post. )
The document signed, as, we are informed by tele-
graph, on Sunday afternoon last, by Counts Armin and
Buol, was important, no doubt, as securing the adhesion
of Germany to the four bases as fit and proper starting
points in future negotiations for peace, without in any
way fixing them as limits, or forbidding the addition of
ether conditions. But, if we mistake not, in a very
short space of time the telegraph will transmit to us news
of higher moment ; for we believe that, at the time at
which we write, or within forty-eight hours of it, a step
will be taken by Austria which will have a most potent
influence on the fate of the war, by uniting in action her
flag with those of England and France, and swelling the
alliance against Russia, by the accession of a Power who,
from her geographical position and military resources, is
in the highest degree dangerous to her ambitious
neighbour.
Till the deed is signed, till the fact is accomplished, we
cannot be perfectly sure. Austria, at the last moment,
may retreat. That is possible ; bat most improbable,
after the repeated and straightforward advances she has
made. The crisis, however, has arrived ; and, if the
Cabinet of Vienna wore now to refuse to join us, none
could mistake its complicity with Russia, and the atti-
tude of the Cabinets of London and Paris towards
Austria would be immediately and totally changed. But
if faith can be placed in professions, we may rely on it
that that is now being done at Vienna which will give
us a new and welcome ally.
The intrigues of Russia in Germany have apparently
failed. It were needless now to enter into a history of
the long negotiations in which so much time has been
wasted ; but it is well to explain the last communications
of the German Courts, which have led to the agreement
of the Cabinets of Berlin and Vienna upon the manner
in which they shall present the four bases to the Ger-
manic Diet.

Without entering into the diffuse arguments of the
notes exchanged, we may state that Prussia wished to
present the four bases to the Diet, not as mere essential
starting points for the negotiation of peace, but as its
positive conditions and absolute limits. In this view of
the four bases Prussia received the support of the minor
States, headed by Bavaria. Austria, however, refused
to accede to their views, holding herself bound, by
the notes exchanged on the Bth of August with the
Western Powers, which plainly allowed such further
conditions as might seem fit to be demanded, in the
event of negotiations for pease ; laying down the four
bases, not as limits, but purely and simply as essential
starting points. Matters were in this state, and argu-
mentative notes were being exchanged, when M. Ven der
Pforten, the Prime Minister of Bavaria, started for
Vienna, with a view of inducing that Court to adopt the
Prussian proposition with respect to the four bases. The
result of M. Von der Pfordten's mission, however, was,
that instead of persuading the Austrian Cabinet to join
kin, he was persuaded to recognise the justice of their
views, and accordingly, immediately upon his return to
Munich, a personal communication was addressed from
that Court to the King of Prussia, announcing its com-
plete adhesion, and therefore that of other secondary
States, to the Austrian view. Prsssia, thus placed in a
position of perfect isolation, has had to give way, and, as a
necessary consequence, Counts Bud and Argim have
signed the agreement, by which Austria and Prussia engage
to present the four bases to the Germanic Diet for its
acceptance without commentary or limitation. Austria,
therefore, instead of being bound down by Germany,
has her hands completely free, and may, with the West-
ern Powers, exact what further conditions of peace the
chances of war may hereafter place in their power to
demand, without owing any account of such demand to
Germany.
It is evident that, had not Bavaria and the States
which met at Bamberg obliged Prussia to give way,
Austria could not have given way to them, if she had
any regard for her position as an European Power ; for,
whatever deference she may have owed to Germany, she
had higher duties and larger interests to consider,
in consequence of her pretension to the rank of a first-
rate European Power. On the other hand, it is mani-
fest that Prussia, which is a purely German Power,
could not suffer herself to be completely isolated by the
desertion of all Germany ; and thus Russia has been, as
yet, completely foiled in the diplomatic struggle. Ger-
many, and even Prussia, adopt the four bases without
limitation, and Austria is, we trust, about to throw her
weight into the scale of war on our side.
A very brief space will put an end to "ifs" and "be-
liefs," and will, we hope, enable us to announce the
most important event that has occurred since the de-
claration of war.

EMIGRATION FROM LIVERPOOL.—The total number of
ships which have left Liverpool during the present
atemoton-
nth
for all foreign ports has been 43, of an aggreg
nage of 41,474 tons, and having 10,326 persons on board.
Of these 9 were bound for Australia, 'with 3,230 pas-
sengers, besides others to St.
wick, 44c, New Bruns-
_