The Sun.
London, England, 1853-08-03 00:00:00

TURKEY AND RUSSIA.

The following is from the Paris correspondent of
the Times, dated yesterday, 6 p.m. :
" The Turkish Government, harassed by the conduct
of Russia, and having exposed to the world the injustice
of that power, has determined to act with vigour. It
has hitherto allowed Russia to have all the ultimatums
to herself, and has had to endure the most insulting lan-
guage that ever one power presumed to address to
another with even the slightest show of indepen-
dence. While doing so, however we may respect
or admire the forbearance, not unmingled with dig-
nity, which she has shown in her refutation of the
charges brought by M. Nesselrode and M. Menschikoff
against her, it is certain that she has been on the point
of losing her prestige among her own subjects ; and the
Turks, whether of the old party or of the reforming
school, allude with pain to the increasing degradation
which Russia is inflicting on the Mussulman name.
The Porte has roused itself to exertion ; and private
accounts from Constantinople, by Vienna, inform me
that a note, in the form and with the character of an
ultimatum, is to be addressed by it to the Rus-
sian Government. The note repeats, but in a
more precise manner, the various arguments em-
ployed in its previous communications to Russia;
it shows how the Porte evinced every disposi-
tion and desire to continue on good terms with
its neighbours ; that it was always disposed to listen
to just complaints, and to remedy them ; that no dis-
tinction was made between the Christian popula-
tion and Mussulman subjects—that it has very re-
cently given proofs of its love of toleration and of
impartial justice, in the firmans it has issued, and
which sufficiently secure the immunities, privileges,
and rights of the Christian population of every deno-
mination. All this the Sultan has done, but if he
be required to do anything more that is inconsis-
tent with his own honour, and with the honour, the
dignity, and the independence of his people, he shall
give the same reply he has already given to the ultima-
tum of Count Nesselrode, namely, a refusal, and that,
if the consequence of that refusal be war, war he must
accept ; but he leaves it to the world to judge between
them, and to pronounce its verdict as to the party that
rendered necessary so terrible an alternative. The eva-
cuation of the Principalities "as soon as possible" is
demanded, and this is made in the ultimatum an indis-
pensable condition of pacific arrangement. The note
concludes by reiterating the assurance that the Sultan
is ready, should negotiations be accepted, to send an
Ambassador Extraordinary to St. Petersburgh.
" It is certain that the propositions drawn up by M.
de Bruck, and approved by the representatives of the
Powers at Constantinople, to which I alluded yester-
day, have been considered by the French Government,
and perhaps also by the English Cabinet, as non avenues ;
such, I believe, is the term employed.
" With the conduct of Russia throughout the whole of
this affair before us, we cease to be surprised at any-
thing she may do, or at any pretensions she may put for-
ward. We are now told that that Power alleges, in
excuse for her occupation of the Principalities, that
the present condition of that portion of the Ottoman
territory is such as the convention of Balta
Liman supposes to be a just reason for its occupation
—namely, the disorganisation of its Government; and
that, therefore, it is perfectly justified in remaining there
until order be restored. It is, unfortunately, true that
the Government of Moldo-Wallachia is in a state of dis-
organisation—but it is by the act of Russia herself. It
is Russia that has forced the Hospodars to rebellion
against their Suzerain, and she now wishes to profit by
her own misdeeds. She may say that Turkey is at
liberty to enter the Principalities, but what could 25,000
or 30,000 men do against 140,000 men, not to speak of
the thousands who are ready at a moment's notice to
pass the Pruth.
" It is certain that the important moment is now ap-
proaching, and we shall perhaps know by the 12th of
the present month how great or how little are the
chances of a pacific arrangement. I am enabled to in-
form you that the French and English Governments
have decidedly agreed on the basis of a common action,
and have intimated to the Russian Government that all
further hesitation or delay on its part in effecting
the evacuation of the Principalities will be consid-
ered by them as a refusal to do so. I have already
mentioned that the similarity sought to be established
by Russia between the occupation of the provinces and
the presence of the fleet in Besika Bay, had been re-
peatedly denied. On the present occasion that denial
is repeated ; and it is declared that the fleet shall not
quit its present anchorage simultaneously with the
withdrawal of the Russian army. The fleets may not
remain many days at Besika—perhaps not more than
two, three, or four ; but they will remain sufficient
time to show the world that no comparison
whatever is admitted between the two occupations.
The combined action I speak of has reference to
both these points, and on them Russia is required by
the Governments to give a categorical and a speedy
answer. A rumour to this eirect had got abroad this
afternoon, and the evidence it gave of the continued un-
derstanding between tho English and French Governments
had a corresponding effect on the Bourse. The answer of
Russiais, I believe, expected on the 12th, and of whatever
kind it may be it must be decisive, as the moment
for tergiversation has now passed away. There is
no difficulty in believing that the refusal of Russia
to reply, or her refusal to act conformably to
what is demanded, will be followed by the entrance of
the combined fleets into the Dardanelles, and their ad-
vance to the Bosphorus. With this it is considered not
unlikely that a manifesto will be addressed to the Powers

by the French Government. Such is the present state
of the Turkish question. Were Turkey unsupported bY
the Western Powers, it is almost certain that even its
acceptance of the Menschikoff ultimatum would not be
considered by Russia as sufficient, and that she would
still require more."
Prince Ghika, the Hospodar of Moldavia, acting
under Russian influence, has informed the Divan
that he must break off all communications with the
Sultan's Government, and that he would not for the
future pay any tribute to his late Sovereign, the
Sultan.
A similar communication is expected from the
Hospodar of Wallachia.
It is asserted that the Porte proposes addressing
an ultimatum, to Russia, in which, alter paying due
.
regard to the protection and the rights of the Sul'
tan's Christian subjects, that Sovereign declares
that if, in spite of these repeated assurances, tn.!
Czar should persist in offering war, the Porte
resolved to accept it, but that the responsibility
the consequences which may ensue must lie i
withb'
Russia. It is further asserted that the above docu-
ment has been communicated to the Ambassadors
of England, France, Prussia, and Austria.
Orders have been sent to the Hospodars of Mol-
davia, and Wallachia, commanding them to quit the
Principalities, and retire to the right bank of the
Danube. •
The war contribution has been called from the
Turkish vassals, amounting to about 10,0001.; and
they are obliged to furnish and keep a certain unrui
ber of horsemen, according to the importance of
their tenement.
We read in the Debuts
"We have received via Trieste letters from Constar'
tinople to the 19th July ; they do not give us any veil
new information, but supply us with some explanations
on the news brought by the Caradoc to the Courrier
Marseille ; and they reduce this news to less consider-
able proportions. By the steamer from Galatz, which
arrived at Constantinople on the 15th July, Colonel ne
Wildenbruck, minister of Prussia, received orders t°
offer to the Porte the good offices of his government,
and to propose to it an arrangement on the following
basis :—That the Porte should present to Russia es
official note which, without being identically the Wee
as that communicated by Prince Menschikoff, and ee.,,;
nexed to the first circular of Count de Nesselrode, slin.Lll7,
approach it as much as possible ; in exchange for t"'''
note containing an engagement on the part of the Suit°
to maintain the rights and privileges accorded ab
tiquo to the Greek Church, the cabinet of St.
Peters-
burg should give a declaration that it had no intention
of desiring, by the guarantee thus obtained from the
Sultan, to make the least encroachment on his rights
of sovereignty and his independence ; finally, that
the Turkish note should be conveyed to St. Petal;
burgh by an extraordinary ambassador, who should
receive the Russian counter-declaration. We ere,
assured that this combination, which was known
,t
Vienna, Paris, and Berlin, was known also to we
Emperor of Russia ; and that the latter having bee°
sounded respecting it, showed himself disposed to adhere
to it. Reschid Pacha is said to have received the Pre.
position with satisfaction, and the Divan had been en-
gaged two days in deliberating on the Prussian dispatcb-
Our readers know that the Caradoc has brought 1101
from Constantinople to the 20th July, and the Chapte'
to the 23d. We learn, besides, that Prince &hilt?
Hospodar of Moldavia, acting in accordance with sePe;
rior orders, has written to the Divan to inform it the:
he intended to put an end to any relations with it ; that
it need not count on the payment of the tribute due to
the Imperial treasury ; that consequently a °halx
d'affaires became useless, and that no salary would
henceforth be allowed for one ; in short that the Prince
of Moldavia broke off all relations with his sovereig!:
Up to the present time the Prince of Wallachia b"'
made known no resolution of the kind ; but it was
pected every day that he would do so. Immediatelf
after the notification of Prince Ghika was received
Reschid Pacha convoked in conference the Represelr
tatives of England, France, Austria, and Prussia,
his Palace of Balta-Liman. The affair was submittal,
to them. Their interview had lasted an hour when it
was interrupted, in consequence of an order from.the
Sultan to Reschid Pacha to go to the Imperial palace,'
The interior of Turkey is represented to be infested
with brigands who rob, pillage, commit violence 00
women, and carry off young boys. The authorities
were unable to repress such disorders."

A letter from Constantinople of the 18th tilt.'
in the Cologne Gazette, says :
"The Journal de Constantinople announces that a'
siderable Russian army is being concentrated near Exle,:
roon, and that the Russian ambassador is doing all
can to persuade the Shah of Persia to declare war oft
Turkey. The same journal, however, expresses a hope
„
that the British ambassador will succeed in turning •
aside that blow. Three Russian spies have been a,:
rested near the fortresses of the Danube. Up to t''_„"
present time no act of hostility has taken place bet War
the Russians and the Turks, and in spite of the warns?
preparations which the latter are continuing wallet!:
cessation, it is hoped that peace will not be troubled
A letter from Varna of the 9th states that 30,000
1i
Turks, under the command of Mehemet Pacha, bnal'
arrived there from the Black Sea, of whom 6,°:
were to remain in that garrison ; the other 25,000 4.
seeded to Schumla and the fortresses of the Datillu-'
The head-quarters of Omer Paella and of Mouss;
Pacha are at Schumla. Mehemet Pacha has proceeded
from Schumla to Rustzuck. At Tsurkhan is MustaPha
Paella, and in Silistria Ahmed Pacha, the governor of
the Military School. At Bazardjek is Elim Pacha, with,
a division of cavalry. No reinforcements have ye
arrived from Tunis or Tripoli. The redifs are completeli,
armed and equipped ; there are 24,000 in the camp c".
Scutari. The pilgrims of the caravan which some tilve,
back went to Mecca have returned and have enrol
themselves. The combined fleets incur an expense each
day of 14,000 piastres for provisions only ; 10,000 njen
of the Turkish army cost per month 1,000,000 piastres.
The Posen Gazette states that on the 24th 113'
the manifesto of the Emperor of Russia, annoUlic"
ing the occupation of the principalities by the Rus-
sian troops, was read in all the churches and spa'.
gogues of Poland.
The New Prussian Gazette contains a letter frolu
Jassy, dated July 20, which says :—" Prince Gory'
chakoff, the commander-in-chief of the army of
occupation, sent two days back General Goenki to
Constantinople with a letter for Reschid. Paella, ill
which he invites him not to give the Turkish troops
orders to pass the Danube, in order not to inter;
fere with the pacific intentions of the Emperor 0'
Russia."