The Sun.
London, England, 1854-10-21 00:00:00

THE SUN',
_LONDON, SATURDAY fiVENING, OCTO

This, however, had been vigorously and effec-
tually repelled, and a salutary lesson taught to
the garrison of the vast distinction between En-
glish soldiers and Russian serfs. It was further
stated that further reinforcements had been des-
patched to the Crimea, and that Lord RAGLAN
found his force sufficiently strong to execute the
arduous task he had in hands, and to repel any
attacks that might be made by the enemy. It
was further stated that the works of the siege
ccntinued to advance. Indeed we might assume
that they were nearly completed, inasmuch as it
was anticipated that the attack on Sebastopol
would commence in earnest on the 11th or 12th.
On these matters there are not many observa-
tions to offer. It is satisfactory to be relieved
from suspense, and to know exactly the true state
of affairs, so as to be enabled to discredit the
many rumours and false reports circulated from
interested motives. We have every reason to
look forward confidently to the speedy reali-
sation of our most sanguine anticipations—to
the striking of the blow that will break the
power, if it do not humiliate the pride, of the
AUTOCRAT. He may still " harden his heart,"
and entail fearful sufferings on the millions who
acknowledge his power, but the prestige has de-
parted. It is now clearly ascertained that his
strength had been greatly overrated, and that he
was not by any means so formidable as had erro-
neously been supposed. What effect that convic-
tion may produce on those who were influenced
by fear rather than love may easily be imagined.
How the time-servers way act, after their eyes
have been fully opened, may easily be anticipated.
That millions will have abundant reasons to rue
his excessive arrogance and grasping cupidity
is certain, but the lesson may be even more
severe than he can as yet form any notion of.
One point, at least, may be safely relied on. The
longer his submission is delayed the more strin-
gent will be the terms imposed, the more binding
the guarantees exacted, the heavier the expenses
which he will be required to reimburse ; and
when the day of reckoning has arrived—as sooner
or later it must—the greater will be his grounds
Ifor reproaching the false friends who instigated
him to proceed in the perilous and unjustifiable
course on which he had so recklessly entered. If the
thief at the gallows wreaked his dying vengeance
on the bad mother who had encouraged his early
thefts, NICHOLAS ought unquestionably to punish
FREDERICK WILLIAM, whose vacillation and
double-dealing prevented an early and easy ad-
justment of the dispute.
The capture of Sebastopol will, probably, be
the great event of the present campaign. Woe
betide him should that of 1855 be opened before
he has made ample amends for the injuries his
reckless ambition has caused to be inflicted en
Europe.

Nothing can be more noble, more generous than
the feeling which pours its contributions into the
treasury of the Patriotic Fund. All honour to
the wealthy who give in proportion to their
wealth, and still more to those of but limited
means, who deny themselves comforts, perhaps
necessaries, at the bidding of irrepressible sym-
pathy. The very indulgence of such feelings,
when it leads to personal sacrifice, must make us
better men and women, and so far tend to raise
the national character ; and, to some extent,
donations to a fund originated by Royal com-
mand will tax the higher classes in a juster ratio
to their means than the taxes which are levied
indiscriminately on the peasant and the peer.
With these last considerations, however, the

merits of a voluntary fund for the widows and
orphans of the nation's soldiers are exhausted.
It is something, we freely confess, to open the
hearts of the people, and to convert exultation
for victory into the pure and tender pleasure of
soothing the life-long sorrows of those whom vic-
tory has clad in mourning ; it is something, too,
to draw forth the treasures not needed by their
possessors, but which taxation could not reach,
and to turn them into a national and philanthro-
pic channel ; yet there are other views to be
taken of the whole question, and views of grave

importance.
The Duke of NEWCASTLE very properly, though
with kind politeness, reminded the lady who
proffered medical aid for the wounded in the East,
that to provide adequate means for that purpose
was one of the most imperative duties of Govern-
ment. We almost wonder that, in the same let-
ter, he should direct her attention to the Patriotic
Fund, and not perceive how strongly his former
remark applied to the latter case also. Can it be
less "imperative" on Government to provide for
widowhood and orphanhood, caused by fatal casu-
alties in the public service, than for the suffering%
inflicted by casualties which do not prove fatal ?
Why should not a patriotic fund for medical aid
be the reliance of the wounded soldier, if such a
fund is to be the reliance of the father who parts
with his life in the same cause ? True, if the
Government does not furnish surgical and hospital
assistance in foreign service, there may be none
procurable on the spot. We admit a difference
so far ; but equally if under seine form Govern-
ment does not provide for the bereft, in too many
instances they would be consigned to penury or
tempted to crime. Parish relief is inappropriate,
partly as affixing an inevitable stigma of pau-
perism ; partly as unfair, by charging a particular
locality with what belongs unquestionably to the
whole nation ; hence national support seems the
only method appropriate to the case.
Rightly apprehended, too, the provision out of
the regular national funds is the most honourable
method. To be maintained at the public expense
was the highest honour conferred by one of the
bravest and the most refined of ancient States.
We hardly know a more soul-stirring appeal in the
records of eloquence than that made by the great
Athenian orator to the fact of the State having
educated to manhood the children of those who
had fallen in battle, and then by the voice of the
herald dismissing them with public honour to
perform the duties of citizens worthily of their
fathers. Our aristocratic governors have always
been ready enough to propose a splendid estate,
or a pension, frequently for two or three lives, as
an honourable distinction for the chief command-
ers. We must not, of course, imagine it to be
mere cupidity on behalf of their order ; but if
not, if they wore animated by the sentiment of
the ancient Athenians, then they must also feel
that it would be equally a mark of honour for the
wife and children of the fallen soldier, that they
were supported not by the poor rate, nor by any
precarious charity, but by their entire fatherland,
as the legacy of its unfortunate brave ones. We
repeat that their support ought, therefore, to be
in no sense by the most willing charity ; it ought.
to be provided by the nation as an " imperative"
debt of honour on its own part, and as an honour
due to the fallen and to the surviving on their
parts. that the
freely contributed will
We hardly like to su
p bleobse even
elowth the demands
the case ; still such a possibility should not even
one knows
have been risked. It may be so ; for no
what will be wanted, or what his share is. Even
in this point of view, the better policy had been
to declare that the requisite amount would be
regularly and surely provided by the nation, as
certainly as the interest of the national debt itself.
While, however, we think the nation should take
the charge on itself as regards the recipients, we
adhere to the opinion we formerly expressed, that
the charge should be thrown ultimately in a direct
form upon the CZAR himself' whenever peace is
negotiated. We want to gain no territory ; we
want not to be enriched to the extent of a rouble
out of the Treasury (now
empty enough) of the
CZAR, but he ought to pay the entire cost of
the war to France and England. His
mad ambition ought to incur for the
future a heavy clog of national debt ; and
especially one distinct item should be the cost of

supporting the widows and orphans of the Allied
Troops. We should even prefer it to be are annual
payment, to cease when no longer needed, as a
distinct reminder to him and the Archdukes now
sprouting into Czarhood, that if they will com-
mence the game of murder to gratify their bar-
barian lust of power, they will at least have to
pay for long years the price of blood. As to such
a charge in his own dominions, the poor slave-
soldiers who fight with their officers' swords at
their backs, are too much separated from their
homes in early youth to leave him any very heavy
legitimate burden of that kind.
Let us not be misunderstood. While we regret
that a better plan was not adopted, the object is
too sacred, too " imperative" in its claims, to
allow of sacrificing the sufferers to the mistakes of
our governors. Since they are to be relieved by
charity, instead of being honoured with national
pensions as the relics of the brave, let no one
stint his charity. Should that charity, indeed,
not be adequate, no Government shall have rest
for a moment which does not atone for the inef-
fectiveness of its own plan by supplementing its
deficiency from national resources. According to
the station in life of those bereaved, according to
the measure of their dependence on those they have
lost, so let them be recompensed with no sparing
hand. Enough, enough quite, that the days of
anxious waiting for the mournful Gazette should
be terminated by an agonising glance at the fatal
column which convulses a mother and a wife with
sorrow, and bids her look upon her poor babes
with feelings which they as yet cannot understand.
No, in any form let us do all we can for them.
But—by all their sorrows, and by the lives of
our brave men murdered at Alma, let us compel
our governors to demand a liberated Poland—a
liberated Europe, in fact, as the only worthy
atonement.

COURT Cl.:-CULAR,

WINDSOR. OCT. 20.
The dinner party yesterday included the DuAiess and
the Princess Mary of Cambridge, Princ3 Victor of Ho-
henlohe, the Prussian Minister and Countess von Bern-
sterff, the Earl and Countess of Clarendon, Lady Suf-
field, Lord Burghersh, Cslouel Sir Charles Hamilton
(Scots Fusiliers Guards), Sir James Clark and Major
Purves.
The Band of the Royal Horse Guards was in attendance
during dinner, and played the following pieces :
Overture—" Die Waldschutz"
Selection—" Guillaume Tell"
Walzer—" Fair Star"
Selection—" Etoile du Nord" Meyerbeer.
Polka—" 3lilitaire "
Her Majesty's private band afterwards attended in the
Castle, and performed the following selection :
Overture--" Die Hebriden"
Coro, Terzetto, and Airs do Ballet
" Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor"
The Queen and Prince drove out in au open carriage
yesterday afternoon, accompanied by Prince Victor of
Hohenlohe on horseback. Colonel Seymour was in
attendance.
Her Majesty drove out again this morning, accom-
panied by the Duchess and Prince Mary of Cambridge.
Prince Albert, accompanied by the Prussian Minister,
went out shooting this morning, attended by Colonel
F. H. Seymour and Major Purves.
Prince Victor of Hohenlohe took leave of her Majesty
to-day, and left Windsor for Sheerness.
Lord Burghersh and Colonel Sir Charles Hamilton
left Windsor this forenoon for London.
r The Duchess of Kent has been confined to Frogmoro
, House for several days by a severe cold.

A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon at
the Foreign•office. The Ministers present were--The
Earl of Aberdeen, Lord John Russell, the Lord Chan-
oellor, the Marquis of Lansßowne, the Duke of Argyll,
Viscount Palmerston, the Earl of Clarendon, the Duke
of Newcastle, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Sir
James Graham, Sir Charles Wood, the Right Hon.
Sidney Herbert, Sir Wm. Molesworth, and Eail Gran•
The Council sat two hours.

Lord J. Russell arrived in town yesterday morning,
to attend the Cabinet Council, from Woburn Abbey.
Viscount Palmerston arrived in town, from his seat,
Broadlands, Hants, to attend the Cabinet Council.
Despatches for the Governor of Canada were sent last
evening from the Colonial-office.

We are sorry to learn that her Royal Highness the
Duchess of Kent has been confined to Frogmore House,
several days, by a severe cold.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Exeter and family
are passing the season at Brighton.
The Earl of Demist has gone on a visit to Viscount
and Viscountess Buickley, at Burwood-park, where his
lordship will be joined by the Countess on Monday next.
The Earl and Countess Cowper are about to join the
circle at present staying at Broadlands.
The Hon. Mr. and Mrs. W. Cowper are expected in
town to-day, from Paris, where they have been visiting
the Hon. Spencer and Lady Harriet Cowper.
THE EARL OF CARLISLE.—This nobleman, as most of
our readers are aware, is expected to visit Bradford next
week. His lordship, on Thursday evening, will deliver
a lecture in connection with the Early Closing Associa-
tion, on the "Poetry of Gray," and on Friday evening
will preside at the annual meeting of the Bible Society.
On both occasions there will doubtless be a large at-
tendance at St. George's Hall. The Earl of Carlisle,
during his stay in the town, will he the guest of the
mayor, Mr. Samuel Smith.—Bradford Observer.
PROROGATION OF CONVOCATION.—The convocation of
the prelates and clergy of the province of Canterbury was
yesterday prorogued in the Jerusalem Chamber, West-
minster, pursuant to a Royal writ, by the Vicar-General,
Dr. Twiss, under a commission from his Grace the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury, Primate and Metropolitan, to
Friday, Nov. 17.
BANQUET AT THE MANSION-HOUSE.—Last evening the
Lord Mayer gave a magnificent entertainment to the
Mayor, Magistrates, and Corporation of the borough of
Wolverhampton, Staffordshire ; to about 120 members
of the Corporation of London, and a large number of
his fellow-citizens. Dinner was served in the Egyptian
Hall, and covers were laid for 270.
THE REGISTRAR-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT AND THE
PATRIOTIC FUND.—We have much pleasure in stating
intend taking in common with respect to the Eastern
STANDIRDTHEATRE.—At the Royal Standard Theatre,
the new play of Schamyl, the Circassian, Chief, by Mr.
W. R. Markwell, draws full houses, the principal part
being well sustained by Mr. James Anderson, the late
lessee of Drury-lane.
THE PATRIOTIC FUNK.—Mr. John Hancock, of the
Registrar-General's Department, Somerset-house, has
been selected to act provisionally as accountant to the
that the civil officers of the Crown, in this well-conducted
and most popular branch of the service, have proposed
to contribute one day's pay to the Patriotic Fund.
Miss Nightingale, who is to conduct the nurses to at-
tend the sick at Gallipoli, leaves England to-day. She
goes with the sanction and assistance of the War Minis-
ter, the Duke of Newcastle. Her staff of nurses includes
a number of recruits from Miss Sellon's establishment,
and others from a society of Sisters of Charity attached
to a Romanist society in London.
WEIMAR, OCT. 16.—The Ministers of the Thuringian
States will all meet here, to discuss the measures they
question.
Patriotic Fund, under Mr. W. G. Anderson of the Trea-
sury, retaining his clerkship while engaged in this tem-
porary service.
PATRIOTIC FUND.—A public meeting was held in the
Town-hall, West Cowes, on Thursday, to take the opi-
nion of the inhabitants as to the best means of obtaining
their subscriptions in aid of the widows and orphans of
the brave men who may fall in opposing the common
enemy. W. M. Dansey, Esq., was called to the chair.
H. J. Darnant, Esq., town clerk, was appointed secre-
tary ; and Mr. Moore, treasurer. The chairman pro-
posed that the town should be divided into districts, and
a committee should be appointed to make a collection
from house to house, which proposal was immediately
adopted, and the committee commenced their work
instanter.
THE GARRISON AT BALAKLAVA.—A battalion of men,
not considered in sufficient health to do duty at the siege
of Sebastopol, has been ordered to garrison the town of
Balaklava. The men were reviewed on the 28th Sept.,
and Lieut.-Col. Daveney, let Royal Regiment, has been
appointed to the command.
The Admiralty agent of Liverpool (Commander Be-
via) has received instructions from Government to
ascertain the fitness . of the Canadian screw-steamers
Cleopatra and Ottawa for the transport service. If they
be approved, as no doubt they will, they are to be en-
gaged for the conveyance of troops and stores to the
East. The Alpe, a screw-steamer belonging to the Cu-
nard Company, is on her way from Halifax to Dublin
with the 72d Regiment on board.
THE WHALE FISHERY IN DAVIS' STRAITS.—The Pa-
cific, Anderson, arrived at Aberdeen from Davis' Straits,
with 9 fish, 80 tons, reports a bad fishing, ,and that the
only ships having fish were the St. Andrew's, of Aber-
deen, 2 fish ; Truelove, of Hull, 3 fish ; Heroine, of
Dundee, 1 fish ; Princess Charlotte, of ditto, 7 fish, 55
tons ; Chieftain, of Kirkaldy, 6 fish, 45 tons ; Lord
Gambier, of ditto, 6 fish, 55 tons; and the Jane, of
Bo'ness, 1 fish, 19 tons.
LONDON ORPHAN ASYLUM, CLAFTON.—A resolution
has been passed
" that it be recommended to the next
general
curt
in January, that the Commander-in-Chief
be empowered
to nominate to the Board six children for
free and immediate admission into the London Orphan
Asylum from the children of the commissioned or non-
commissioned officers of her Majesty's army who have
fallen in the present war."
THE HORSE GUARDS.—It was yesterday reported that
in the event of a further addition of cavalry being re-
quired for the East, one regiment of Life Guards will be
sent out, the number to be 450 men. ,S)nie volunteers
from other regiments will of course be required. Re-
cruiting for the cavalry is going on most briskly.
FOREIGN POSTAGE.—Lord Canning, accompanied by
Mr. William Page, the head of the Foreign and Colonial
branch of the Secretary's department of the General
Poet-office; left London for Paris on Thursday last, to
enter into negotiations with the French Government on
the subject of a new postal treaty.
RECRUITING IN DERDY.—Recruiting is carried on
with great vigour in Derby and the other towns, the
battle of Alma evidently acting as a stimulant to the
martial feelings of young men.
THE CHOLERA.—Five fatal cases of cholera have oc-
curred at Goole during the present week. Cholera has
within the past few days carried of two more victims at
Huddersfield.
BERLIN, Oct. 17.--Several mercantile houses are
drawing up petitions to the Government, in which they
point out the measures that might be taken for coin-
polling Denmark to abolish her Sound tolls. Similar
petitions will be presented to the Chambers.—Colo)ie
Gazette.
SUICIDE OF A POLISH REFCGEE.—On Tuesday even-
ing last, at eleven o'clock, a Polish gentleman, named
Sigismond Wienckowski, residing at Chapel-street,
Devonport, committed suicide by stabbing himself in the
heart, with a sharp pocket knife.
THE LAUNCH OF THE NEW ROYAL YACHT, THE
WINDSOR CASTLE.---IL has been ordered that the new
Royal paddle yacht, the Windsor Castle, constructed
under the superintendence of Mr. Oliver Lang, shall be
launched at her Majesty's dockyard, Pembroke, on the
13th of January next.
The Rev. Edward Thomas Austen has been instituted
to the rectory of Barpeston, vacant by the death of the
Rev. John Leigh Spencer, in the patronage of St. John's
College, Oxon ; and the Rev. Thomas Nunn has been
nominated by his grace to the perpetual curacy of flan-
sted, vacant by the cession of the Rev. Samuel George
Booth White, both in the county of Kent, and diocese
of Canterbury.
It is generally known that her Majesty, out of respect
for the memory of Captain Hyde Parker, has been
pleased to adopt the two little Kustendje orphans, whose
sad case has lately caused so much commiseration. The
little fellows are to remain on board the Firebrand until
a safe and suitable opportunity for sending them to
England shall occur. They are very intelligent chil-
dren, and the eldest displays a proficiency, not merely
in speaking English, hut also in the sword and musket
exercises, which would do no discredit to seine of the
gallant fellows now doing duty at home.
Li FALL OF A CHURCH Rom—The roof of the church
at the village of Garnston, a few miles from East Ret-
ford, North Nottinghamshire, fell in with a great crash
on Tuesday last, doing considerable damage to the
building. The interior fittings had been removed only
a few days before, preparatory to the sacred edifice
being restored, and it was observed at the time that
nearly every piece of wood was decayed with the dry-
rot. The rafters of the roof gave way from the same
cause, Nobody was injured.

LATEST NEWS.

SIEGE OF SEBASTOPOL.

PARIS, SATURDAY.

The Moniteur announces that despatches re-
ceived from General Caurobert, of the Bth, men-
tion that the disembarcation of the siege train
continued, wad that the works would begin on
the 9th.

The General had received reinforcements to

the amount of 10,000 men of all arms.

The siege works were advancing rapidly, and
the health of the troops was satisfactory.

MARSEILLES, FRIDAY EVENING.

The City of London transport-ship, which left
Constantinople on the 13th, has just arrived.

She brings despatches from Lord Raglan,
which reached Constantinople after the departure
of the Pharamond with the mail of the 10th inst.

:roue that port.

The works of the siege continued to advance.

The Allies were doing well.
The attack on Sebastopol was to commence on

;he 10th or 11th.
On the 7th the Allies seized two guns.
Two Greek vessels, laden with corn and lin-
seed, had been captured by the Anglo-French

cruisers.

VIENNA, FRIDAY.

A private despatch from Bucharest, dated the

16th instant, announces that thirty thousand
Russians have crossed the Danube into the Do-

brudscha.

The vanguard is at Babadagh.
Twelve thousand Russians, under Uschakoff,
occupy the Danube ferries near Toultscha.

THE CRIMEA.
THE PLAN OF ATTACK.

The Stecle, in the course of an article on the ex-
pedition in the Crimea, says :—" We have already
remarked, in commenting on the report of Admiral
Hamelin, that the original plan was based on a
combined attack by sea and land. The resolution
come to by the Russians to obstruct the entrance of
the port obliged the Allied generals to turn the
town, and to confine themselves merely to an at-
tack by land on the southern side. Now that
the difficulty is overcome of mauceuvring about
a fortified place, having upwards of thirty
thousand men in the garrison, we think that the
chances are more in our favour, for two reasons—
the first, that Balaklava and the bays of Cape Cher-
sonese are nearer to the town, and present more
security for landing provisions, ammunition, and
artillery ; and the second, that as the place cannot
be completely invested, it is better that the enemy
should come to us by the north, because on that
side we can give ourselves the advantage of the
positions. In addition to all the services which the
fleet has rendered and is still rendering, it has by
the terror with which it has inspired the Russian
navy brought about a situation of which the land
forces will not have any cause to complain."