The Sun.
London, England, 1854-01-28 00:00:00

LATEST FOREIGN NEWS.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.
A telegraphic despatch from Vienna, yesterday
evening, says Count Orloff was expected to arrive
there this day (Saturday) on a special mission. If
the explanations demanded by Russia, respecting
the fleets in the Black Sea, arc satisfactory, Count
Orloff has pacific instructions.
The Trieste Zeitung says that the Russian fleet
is at Kaffa, maintaining communications between
the Crimea and the Russians in Asia, avoiding the
risk of a collision.

From Galatz, Jan. 20, we learn that English
merchantmen have been chartered to convey
Turkish troops to Batoum.
It was asserted in Paris yesterday that a great
battle took place near Kalafat on the 20th. The
issue was completely in favour of the Turks.
It was also asserted that the Turks have retaken
two islands on the Lower Danube.
The subjoined is from Constantinople, on Jan.
13 :—" By the Trebizonde steamer, which arrived
here on the evening of the 10th, and private letters,
we hear that Admiral Dundas and Admiral Hame-
lin, in command of the English and French sailing
ships, are at Sinope. The Retribution, Captain
the Hon. J. R. Drummond, entered the harbour
of Sebastopol in a fog, to the great dismay of the
authorities there, who fired two unshotted guns
across her bows, while a small steamer threw her-
self in her way. Captain Drummond warned her
out of his way, and proceeded onward as far as the
dockyard, to a convenient anchorage. The autho-
rities declined receiving his despatches till he
moved five miles off, as he was much too near the
batteries. He then anchored at the place indicated
when theyreceived his despatches ; but there being
no officer present entitled to open them, they pro-
mised to send an answer to Constantinople, and
told him that if he remained, he must undergo 14
days quarantine. After remaining there about 36
hours, he rejoined the fleet on the Bth. There were
but six Russian sail of the line (possibly the Sinope
ships) in Sebastopol harbour ; the remaining 10
are cruising in Kaffa, Bay east of the Crimea."
From Constantinople, Jan. 15, we learn that the
combined fleets, which arrived on the 11th at
Sinope, detached a division of steamers to escort
the Turkish convoy to Batoum. The English
steam-frigate Retribution, however, having, on
her return from Sebastopol, announced that the
Russian fleet had quitted that port, the two squad-
rons made sail for Batoum. The Turkish convoy
had since returned without any accident to Con-
stantinople, after having disembarked the troops
and provisions at Batoum.
The Turks were about to resume the offensive
against Akhalzik and Gumri.
The pacific news from Persia was confirmed.
A telegraphic despatch received by a respectable
Greek house, dated Odessa, Sunday, Jan. 22, says
that port has been frozen up for at least a month.
The Debats gives the following bit of informa-
mation :—" According to the news received from
St. Petersburg at London and Paris, the reply of
the Emperor of Russia to the notification of the
entry of the fleets into the Black Sea, is not in any
respect definitive. As the English journals state,
the Emperor replies by a question, and asks if the
fleets are to observe a strict neutrality or to co-
operate with the Turkish forces. To this news,
which by bringing a fresh delay to the solution of
the question, would appear to have a pacific ap-
pearance, we have to add on the other hand, that
the reply decided on in the Cabinet Council held
at London passes for being much less conciliatory.
The English Cabinet is said to have answered that
it could not consider Russia and Turkey as being
on the same footing in the Black Sea ; that the
Russian ships, iu sailing or conveying forces in
that Sea, had no need of protection, whereas the
Turkish forces did require it, as events had
proved."
A communication from Bucharest of the 12th
says that, in consequence of the disastrous news
which he had received, Prince Gortschakoff had
postponed his departure for Krajowa. He wished
first to adopt some preliminary measures. Several
commandants had received orders to endeavour to
pass into Bulgaria on different points, in order to
divert the attention of the Turks, and facilitate the
operations against Kalafat. Extraordinary ccuriers
had been despatched to the Prince of Warsaw, and
to the Emperor, in order to render him an exact
and detailed account of all that had taken place in
the neighbourhood of Kalafat.
A letter written at Vienna on the 2341 mentions
that Prince Gortschakoff and Prince Milosch had
arrived at Krajowa. Prince Milosch intended re-
mainino, some time at the head-quarters of Prince
Gortschakoff. After having received that intelli-
gence, Izzet-Pacha, commanding at Belgrade,
invited Prince Alexander to remove from the
service all the Russians, in spite of the per-
mission which they might have obtained to remain
there. He also informed M. de Muschin, Russian
Consul-General in Servia, at present in Semlin,
that he would have him arrested if he again ap-
peared on the Servian territory. These measures
will oblige Prince Alexander to quit his neutral
position, and declare in favour of one of the belli-
gerent parties.
Another letter of the same date states as a cer-
tainty that the greatest loss in the late combats
has been sustained by the Russians. The Turks
have established themselves at Islas, which is at
the right mouth of the Aluta.
A letter from Vienna in the Post Ampt Gazette
of Frankfort, says :—" It is stated. in the most po-
sitive terms that Count de Nesselrode addressed,
on the 7th, to the various ambassadors of the Czar,
a circular in which the note of M. Drouyr de
Lhuys is discussed at length. It is added that the
Courts of Prussia and Austria have communicated
to the States of Germany their declaration of neu-
trality in tho Turco-Russian dispute. The note
has, it is said, been already communicated to the
Germanic Diet."
The Journal de St. Pctersbourg of the 18th gives
some interesting - particulars concerning Osman.
Pacha, who was taken prisoner at Sinope :—" The
Turkish Vice-Admiral Osman Pacha, who com-
manded. the squadron which was destroyed at Sinope,
and who was made prisoner, is severely wounded
in the leg with a fracture in the bones, and is in
danger. He has been lodged in the town of Sebasto-
pol, and receives all the attention due to a brave
adversary in misfortune. Near him as prisoners
are the captain of a Turkish corvette, and another
Turkish commander, dangerously wounded. Osman
Pacha is 61 years of age ; he has been 42 years at
sea ; he was 21 years in the service of Mehemet
Ali, of Egypt, and has for 10 years had the rank
of admiral. In the battle of Navarino he com-
manded an Egyptian brig, and afterwards had
successively the command of a corvette, a frigate,
and a ship-of-the-war at the bombardment of St.
Jean d'Acre, by Admiral Stopford. He speaks
Italian pretty fluently. He was sent on a mission
to England to order an engine for a steamer.
When the frigate in which he was at Sinope began
to sink, the crew became rebellious, and fled to the
coast, after having plundered the unfortunate
Pacha of his watch, his money, and his clothes.
With his leg fractured, and in the water up to his
waist, clinging to the breeching of a gun, Osman
Pacha would have infallibly have perished if he
had not been picked up by our boats."
According to a letter from St. Petersburg of the
same date, Osman Pasha had been examined with
reference to the affair at Sinope, and had deposed
that Mustapha Pasha, the senior admiral, had
coasted Abchasia with three steamers, and landed
there 60 tons (or casks) of powder and a quantity
of lead ; and also informed the Circassians that the
Turkish fleet would, on the 2d December, bring a
still more considerable quantity from Sinope and St.
Nicolai. That he (Osman Pasha) had, in the mean-
time, waited fo r Mustapha Pasha, and did not venture
out of the harbour of Sinope, because he had caught
sight ofNachimoff's three ships ofwar. Subsequently
Mustapha had joined him, and afterwards came the
catastrophe. The Samler von der See contains the
order of the day issued by Nachimoff to the Black
Sea squadron, and dated previous to the attack on
Sinope, in which the Vice-Admiral arranges the
details of the approaching attack. At the close he
says, Let every man do his duty ; the Emperor
and Russia expect glorious results from the Black
Sea fleets : it is our part to justify' these expecta-
tions.' (Piracy of Nelson's England expects.')
Admiral Nachimoff used the following langua,ge,
when speaking of the victory-44T0 conquer the
Turks is no great affair. The matter would have
been different had there been others in their place.
Now, the others are there."
The following is the text of the finnan lately
issued by the Sultan to Prince Alexander Georgie-
witsch of Servia

"Alexander Bey, reigning Prince of Servia—may your
dignity be lasting !-

"I command.
" I have at all times provided for the maintenance
intact of the privileges cunnected with the internal ad-
ministration of Servia, of Walla a,chi and Moldavia,
provinces which are integral parts of my realm. And
although, in consequence of the war which has broken
out between my Sublime Porte and Russia, the
treaties between the two Courts are abrogated, the
exertions of my Sublime Porte for the continuance
of the wellbeing and the peace of the faithful sub-
jects in my realm are still a sure guarantee for their
maintenance (well-being and peace.) Moreover, an the

upholding of this kind of regulation is a consequence of
the firm and constant principles of my Sublime Porte,
which has prescribed them to itself, and as its dignity is
involved in their maintenance, I have the sincere inten-
tion ever to uphold the existing privileges of those three
provinces, and, far removed from wishing to diminish
them in the slightest iota, it will always be my endea-
vour to give them (the provinces), according to circum-
stances, and in proportion to their devotion, further
proofs of my sovereign well-affectedness.
" This high command of my Imperial Divan is, there-
fore, promulgated, in order to pronounce publicly and
make known, that it is my firm determination, as hither-
to, to remain intact the existing privileges of Servia,
which is a portion of my realm.
" Thou wilt, therefore, forthwith after receipt of the
same, provide that its contents may, in all its details,
come to the knowledge of all those whom it may con-
cern. Thou wilt, as thy station and thy wisdom re-
quire, take every care to preserve at all times the weal,
the quiet, and the peace of the subjects of my Sublime
Porte, and thou wilt do thy utmost to carry out all
these points into execution."
This document, in addition to the rarity of this
sort of thing, and to the peculiarities of its style,
will possess another interest from its proclaiming
so distinctly the view taken by the Porte of the
validity of the treaties existing between it and
Russia previous to the declaration of war, and,
further, from the very positive manner in which it
enunciates its consciousness of its sovereignty over
Servia, as well as the Danubian Principalities.

FRANCE.

-
On Thursday, after the Council of Ministers,
held at the Palace of the Tuileries, M. Drouyn de
Lhuys despatched a courier to London, with the
information that France has determined to adhere
to the English alliance, and to abide by any resolu-
tion which the two Governments may determine
upon, in order to force Russia to withdraw her
unjust pretensions with respect to Turkey. If this
be true, it is evident that any hesitation on the
part of the- French Government which may
for a moment have manifested itself, no longer
exists ' • and the attempts of the Russians to gain
over the Emperor Napoleon, by pretending
that the question teas an English and not
a French one, have utterly failed. Indeed it
was evident that the hesitation observed at the
Tuileries proceeded, not from any doubt either as
to the merits of the cause supported by the two
powers, or as to the interest which both powers
have in resisting Russian ambition ; it proceeded
solely from the embarrassments felt at home—from
the deficiency of food, the stagnation of trade, and
the financial difficulties—reasons which no prudent
Government can fail to take into consideration be-
fore plunging into war. The decision come to will
no doubt turn out the wise one. Delay could only
aggravate the state of affairs, and give Russia time
to strengthen her position, while it would be ruin-
ous to Turkey, and costly to the other powers.
It is understood that Lord Cowley has again
urged upon the French Government the necessity
of taking measures for sending a body of 50,000
men to Turkey with the least possible delay.
The only Paris journals of yesterday which com-
ment on the reported answer of the Emperor of
Russia to the notification of the entrance of the
combined fleets into the Black Sea are the Pays
and the Siecle.
The Pays considers that the Emperor of Russia
has merely demanded explanations without speci-
fying the particular points, and regards this as a
proof that the Emperor has entered upon the path
of moderation. It cautions the public against at-
taching too much importance to the fact itself, for
it may, it says, be only a temporisation, but " this
temporisation," it adds, " whatever may be the
secret motives of it, is certainly a first step in the
course of reserve and moderation, which it is neces-
sary to notice without exaggerating its probable
consequences and results." The Siecle is evidently
of opinion that the apparent moderation of the
Emperor of Russia is only a calculation to gain
time, and if possible to create a misunderstanding
between France and Great Britain.
The Siecle considers that the terms of the note
of M. Drouyn de Lhuys were quite sufficient to
show to the Emperor of Russia what was the real
object of sending the combined fleets into the
Black Sea.
The Moniteur publishes the official returns of
the Customs during the month of December last,
and also for the year 1853. The receipts last month
amounted to 11,840,175 fr., being a decrease of
1,565,812 fr. on the corresponding month of 1852,
and an increase of 2,148,147 fr. on that of 1850.
The yearly return of 1853 amounts to 140,395,473
fr., beimg an increase of 531,818 fr. over 1852, and
of 23,242,661 fr. over 1851. The principal arti-
cles on which an increase has taken place, as
compared with 1851, are raw cotton, coffee,
rough castings, coal, wool, and French colonial
and foreign sugars. The above returns show a new
feature, the quantity of cattle imported into France
being now given for the first time, with an an-
nouncementthat it will be continued for the future
in consequence of its great interest to the public.
The number of oxen and bulls imported during 1853,
was 11,669 ; cows, 24,453 •, calves and. heifers,
20,678 ; sheep, 187,156. The total amount of
duty received on them was, in 1853, 689,426 fr. ;
in 1852, 657,830 ; and, in 1851, 743,873 f. It is
known that the duty was very considerably re-
duced in 1853.
A feeling of uneasiness prevailed amongst the
speculators at the Bourse yesterday, without any
cause being assigned. for it but the uncertainty
which exists with respect to the Emperor of Rus-
sia's intentions. Public securities all gave way.
The Three per Cents. opened at 70f. 10c., rose to
70f. 20c., but fell again to 69f. 55c., and closed at
69f. 60c. for the end of the month. The Four-
and-a-Half per Cents. closed at 97f. 90c. ; Orleans
Railway shares, 1,050 f. ; Rouen, 940 f. ; Havre,
435 f. ; Great Northern, 745 f. ; Paris and. Stras-
burg, 727 f. 50c. ; Paris to Lyons, 825 f. • Lyons to
the Mediterranean, 650 f. ; Western Of France,
565 f. ; Bordeaux and Cette, 550 f. ; Great Central,
447 f. 50c. ; Lyons and Geneva, 450 f. ; Shares of
the Bank of Credit Mobilier, 640 f.