The Sun.
London, England, 1854-03-07 00:00:00

DEATH OP TEE BISHOP OP SALISBURY.

An illness, as severe as it was sudden, has terminated
in the death of this respected prelate, in the 53d year of his
age, and after occupying the see of Salisbury for a period
of 14 years. This melancholy event, which was perfectly
unanticipated until within 48 hours preceding its occur-
rence, happened about 6 o'clock yesterday evening. On the
previous Monday his lordship presided at a meeting of the
Church Missionary Society, held in Salisbury, and enter-
tained a party of the clergy to dinner at the palace. On the
day following he proceeded to Portsmouth to witness the
embarkation of troops for the East, and while so doing,
caught a violent cold, which, supervening on a morbid
condition of the liver, induced constipation and a complete
derangement of the biliary functions, resulting in black
jaundice, and terminating in death.

EXPLOSION AND Loss OF LIFE AT COTON'S FIREWORK
MANUFACTORY.—Yesterday evening, between 6 and 7
o'clock, an explosion took place at the firework manu-
factory of Mr. Coton, in the angle of Charles-street and
Elizabeth-place, Westminster-road, by which the pre-
mises were set on fire and destroyed, and the •lives of
Mr. Coton and three other persons sacrificed. Mrs.
Coton, her sister-in-law, and two children were fortu-
nately extricated from the building without suffering
much injury, having been at the moment of the explosion
in the basement floor. The great quantity of fireworks of
all sorts in the premises did not all explode at the same
moment, but continual explosions lasted for some time,
to the terror of the neighbourhood, the rockets, Roman
lights, &c., being discharged in all directions, and
driving back on all sides the mob assembled to witness
the. scene. The firemen from the different stations were
quickly in attendance, and immense volumes of water
were poured upon the flames. It was, however, with
great difficulty, from the combustible nature of the con-
tents of the place, that the fire was at length extin-
guished. The cause of this fatal conflagration is not
known. Mr. Coton and a boy had gone to the top floor
of the manufactory for the purpose of papering some
fireworks almost immediately before the explosion took
place.

DEPARTURES FOR AUSTRALIA.—The departures from
the port of Londo:i for the Australian colonies during
the week show an increase. They have comprised alto-
gether 11 vessels, six to Sydney, with an aggregate
burden of 3,122 tons; three to Port Philip, with an
aggregate burden of 1,986 tons ; one to New Zealand of
529 tons ; and one to Hobart Town of 379 tons. Their
total capacity was, consequently, 6,016 tons. The rates
of freight are well supported, and exhibit a further ten-
dency to improvement,

LATEST FOREIGN NEWS,

THE WAR IN THE EAST

The Gazette de la Baltique announces that the Russian
Government has prohibited the exportation of corn and
breadstuffs by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azoff.
The Austrian Government, it is said, has sent to the
Cabinet of Berlin the treaty entered into between Eng-
land and France, as well as the modifications it proposes
to introduce into it, with a view to an understanding
with those two Powers.

General Coronini, Commander-in-Chief of the army of
observation on the Servian frontier, has changed his
head-quarters from Temesvar to Semlin.
A letter from Krajova, of Feb. 24, says the Russians
still maintain the defensive. There is as yet no indica-
tion of an intention to attack Kalafat.

O❑ the 2d inst., the two tourers appointed to convey
the ultimatum of France and England to St. Petersburg
passed through Berlin.
A telegraphic despatch from Constantinople, of Feb.
20, states that a camp of 30,000 is forming at Odessa,
and considerable additions are•being made to the forti-
fications at Sebastopol.
On the occasion of the disturbances which have just
broken out in Epirus, the secretary of the Lord High
Commissioner of the lonian Islands has addressed the
following circular to the English functionaries. It is
dated Corfu, 20th ult. :

" Sir—Your letter of this day alludes to possible eventuali-
ties against which it is more difficult to guard by means of
special instructions than to remedy by the acquaintance of
localities with their general interests, of which your good
sense is the best judge. His Excellency, consequently, can
only repeat to you that you must not do or allow anything of
a nature to compromise the good faith of England and throw
doubts on the policy of the Queen, conformably to the decla-
rations made by her Majesty's Ministers in Parliament,
and by the representative of England at Constantinople. Her
Majesty, iu accord with her allies, has guaranteed the integ-
rity of the Ottoman Empire, without thinking that this gua-
rantee is incompatible with the civil and administrative privi-
leges which the Queen, in complete conformity of views with
the other Christian Powers,ivishes to see extended to all Chris-
tians who live under the domination of Turkey, privileges
which his Excellency doubts not will be placed by the allied
Powers under the protection of Europe. Your duty, sir,
like that of the Lord High Commissioner, is to convince the
authorities of your island, as well as the most peaceable
inhabitants, that the movement which has so unfortunately
commenced in Greece, is. certainly calculated to remove all
hope of amelioration in the condition of the Greek po-
pulation of Turkey, by impelling them into a barbar-
ous struggle of a nature to endanger themselves, their fami-
lies, and their property, without the slightest chance of
success, since no one can imagine that the treaties and decla-
rations of the Great Cabinets of Europe can depend on com-
mittees at Athens, the acts of which aro assuredly not ad-
mitted by any established government. You will, therefore,
sir, call the attention of the public to the fact that the
representatives of the Four Great Powers at Athens have
supported the protest of the Minister of Turkey against
the invasion of the Ottoman territory by a band of adven-
turers, for the most part subjects of Greece, and without the
pretence of any difference having arisen between the Sublime
Porte and Greece ; and you must endeavour to prove that
this collective proceeding of the ministers of the Governments
friendly to the Ottoman Porte is to be considered as an inti-
mation to the Government of King Otho that it will be made re-
sponsible for acts contrary to all international laws. You will
also make known that the Diamond frigate has been sent to take
part in the defence of Prevesa in case that town should ho
attacked; that the French steamer Promethee has been sent
to Corfu to collect information as to the real state of things ;
that 22 regiments are on the point of embarking in England
for the Mediterranean ; and that the Lord High Commissioner,
notwithstanding his desire to avoid any pretext for conflict in
the island, will nevertheless not allow any attack to be made
on the policy proclaimed by her Majesty in that protected
state, and which is placed under the exclusive control of her
Majesty. If, then, meetings should be formed with the view
of supporting the movement in Epirus, or if attempts should
be made by armed men to quit these islands, you must take
measures for causing the persons compromised in any soly to
be placed under arrest until new orders. In the event of
emissaries being sent with the view of exciting the popu-
lations by means of incendiary publications, and in the
event of persons visiting the lonian territory without
any avowed cause, or with suspicious intentions, these
persons must be requested to leave without delay,
and they must be pLeced under the surveillance of the police
until their departure, as has already been done at Corfu on
two occasions. A rigorous surveillance must be exercised
over the known chiefs of the movement, and an exact account
of their acts must be given to the police, leaving to the Lord
High Commissioner the decision of the measures to be taken
for remedying the evil by the exercise of the high powers with
which ho is invested. 'The instructions contained in my pre-
ceding circular relative to passports must be strictly observed.
I must, besides, inform you that his Excellency is persuaded
that a firm tone on your part joined to conciliatory language,
and the employment of the means already indicated, combined
with observations in which you will cause it to be understood
that any person who may support the present movement will
injure the veritable interests of peace, will probably produce
more effect in maintaining tranquillity and preventing disorder
than any appearance of sympathy for ideas, which on account
of the present situation of the East are incompatible with the
engagements taken by the Queen and with thC policy of
Europe, which are your solo guides,"

According to accounts from Trieste of the let, a body
of Montenegrins, who had entered Albania without the
knowledge of the Government of Montenegro, had been
driven back, after losing 300 men.
4. letter from Orsova of the 20th ult., in the Press of
Vienna, says :—" The judicial investigation into the
revolt f Albania is to be conducted at Widdin. Some
arrests connected with this affair have been made in
Bulgaria. Letters from Cattaro state that collisions
have taken place between the Turks and the Montene-
grins on the frontier of the latter. This is, however,
given only as a rumour, and is not guaranteed."
A letter from Vienna states that the subscription for
the new loan of 50 millions of florins will be opened on
the 7th, and closed on the 17th inst. The sinking fund
for this loan will be by annuities of 1 and 1 per cent.
for 50 years ; and each year there will be a drawing by
lottery to cancel bonds. The loan is to be subscribed
for in the Austrian dominions alone.

A Berlin letter of the 3d says :—" In a recent meet-
ing of the Society of the National Bank, of which the
Prince of Prussia is the protector, his royal highness,
addressing the president, General de Malesgewski, said,
Sooner or later circumstances will arrive which will
render it necessary for the army to respond to the appeal
of the King. The object of this establishment will then
be clear to every good patriot, and the soldier will rush
to the combat, knowing that the King and the people
will not forget him.'"
Baron de Brunow, the ex-ambassador of Russia, has
fixed his residence at Darmstadt.

The Journal de Francfort has the following from
Vienna :—" Some German and English journals have
stated that Klapka, Czecz, and other refugees, had ern-
braced Islamism in order that they might be employed
in the Turkish army. The Suabian Mercury, however,
states that it has seen a letter from Klapka, writ•
ten in the beginning of February, and can assert that
Klapka and Czecz have not abjured their-faith, and that
they have no employment in the Turkish army, and
have lost all hope of having any. So long as Austria
shall remain the friend of Turkey, or even maintain a
neutral attitude, the Hungarian emigrants have little
chance of being employed by the Porte in the military
service."

THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON AND THE
EMPEROR NICHOLAS.
The following circular has been issued by the Mini-
ster of Foreign Affairs to the diplomatic agents of the
Emperor :

" Paris, March 5, 1854.
" Sir,—You are now cognisant of the answer of the Em-
peror Nicholas to the letter of his Imperial Majesty, and
you have also read the manifesto which the former Sovereign
has just addressed to hie people. The publication of those
two documents has destroyed the last hopes which might
have been placed upon the wisdom of the Cabinet of St.
Petersburg ; and that same hand which had acquired honour
by the firmness with which it had offered support to Europe,
shaken to its foundation, now opens the way to passions and
chances. The Government of the Emperor is deeply afflicted
at the inutility of its efforts and the ill-success of its mode-
ration : but, on the eve of the great struggle, which he has
not desired, and which the patriotism of the French nation
will enable him to assist, he feels it necessary once more to
disavow responsibility for results, and to place the whole
weight of it upon that Power which will have to account for
those results to history and to God. Important considera-
tions of propriety, I know, render my task difficult ; but I
shall fulfil it with the certainty that I am not saying one
word which is not dictated by my conscience.

"In addressing the Emperor of Russia in terms in which
the utmost conciliation was united with the most noble frank-
ness, his Imperial Majesty was desirous of clearing the ques-
tion of all the obscurities which kept the world in suspense
between peace and war, and endeavoured so to arrange it
that there might be no offence against the dignity of any one,
Instead of acting upon a similar principle, and accepting the
friendly hand which was held out to him, the Emperor
Nicholas preferred to recur to facts upon which public opi-
nion had definitively decided, and to represent himself as
having bad to contend, from the commencement of a crisis
provoked by his Government, with a preconceived and. sys-
tematic system of hostility which was fatally calculated to
bring about that state of things which has arrived. It is not
my voice, sir, it is that of Europe, which replies that never
at any period did au imprudent policy meet with adversaries
more calm or more patient in their resistance to designs which
their judgment condemned, and which considerations of pri-
mary importance compelled them to resist.
" I will not go back to past events, upon which such full
light has been thrown ; but I must once more repeat, that
it is no longer allowable to assimilate the dispute respecting
the privileges of the Latins in the Holy Land with the
claim now put forward. That question was arranged from
the very commencement of the visit of Prince Menschikoff
to Constantinople, and it is the claim which that Ambas-
sador raised upon one point when he had obtained satisfac-
tion upon another which has roused the whole world, and
inspired all the Cabinets with the same sentiment of precau-
tion and the same desire for conciliation.
" Is it necessary to enumerate all the attempts, the failure
of which is only attributable to au invincible obstinacy ?
Nobody is ignorant of them, and there is nob any one who
is not aware that if decisive demonstrations were made
during the progress of negotiations, each of those demon-
strations was preceded by an aggressive act on the part of
Russia.
" I will only recall to recollection the fact that if the French
squadron at the end of March anchored iu the Bay of Salamis,
it was because since the mouth of January there had been an
immense assemblage of troops in Bessarabia. If the naval
forces of Franco and England approached the Dardanelles,
where they only arrived at the end of June, it was because a
Russii.,n army had been encamped on the banks of the Pruth,
and because the resolution to cross that river had been taken,
and had been officially announced since the 31st of May. If
at a later period our fleets were at Constantinople, it was be-
cause cannon resounded on the Danube ; and, in short, if
they entered the Black Sea, it was because, contrary to Vie
•r eitie
promise of acting on the defensive, Russian vessels had left
Sebastopol to destroy the Turkiiieshh
wveessteolsoka,tinanceohhoermiEi h•
port of Siuopo•
Every stop which
with England, in the East, had peace for its object, and we
did not desire to interfere between the belligerent par-
ties. Every day, however, on the contrary, Russia
advanced openly towards war. Assuredly, if there were
two Powers whose antecedents and whose recent relations
rendered it likely that they should be indulgent to Russia and
abortive to our movements in a dispute which threatened to
involve France and Great Britain in a conflict with the ins-
empire so close to them, those powers were 'Prussia auand..'

~.

Austria. You know, sir, that the principles by which wl
are actuated are known, and that Europe, constituted 'as a
jury, has pronounced a solemn verdict upon pretensions and
acts of which no apology, however high the source whence it
may emanate, can now change the character. Thus the dis-
pute is not between France and England, assisting the Porte.
and Russia—it is between Russia and every State which has a
respect for what is right, and whose opinion and whose intee
rest must compel it to support the good cause,
I. therefore confidently contrast the unanimity of the
great Cabinets with that appeal to the recollections of 181$
addressed directly to a Sovereign Who had just made, an.
honourable and povrfal effort at conciliation.' The whole con-
duct of the Emperor Napoleon sufficiently attests that, if be
be proud of the inheritance of glory left him by the head of
his race, he has neglected nothing in order to render his se-
cession to the throne a pledge of the peace and tranquillity of
the world.
" I will only say one word, sir, of the manifesto in which
his Majesty the Emperor Nicholas announces to his people
the resolutions he has taken. Our epoch, however troubled,
bad at least been exempt from one of the evils which most
afflicted the world in former days—l mean the wars of reli-
gion. Now, however, an echo of these disastrous times iA
made to resound in the ears of the Russian people. There is
an affectation of opposing the cross to the crescent, and an
appeal is made to fanaticism for that support .which cannot
be obtained from reason. France and England need :not
defend themselves from the imputation made against them.
They do not support Islamism against the orthodox Greek
laith. They go .to protect the Ottoman Empire against
the ambitious covetousness of Russia. They go there with
the conviction that the presence of their armies in
Turkey will destroy the prejudices, already unich
weakened, which still separate the different classes of the
subjects of the Sublime Porte, and which cannot, be
resuscitated unleds `the appeal sent from St. Petersburg, bf
provoking hatred of race and a revolutionary explosion, should
paralyse the generous intentions of the Sultan, Abd-ul- Medjid.
For us, Sir, we seriously believe that by giving our support
to Turkey we shall be of more use to the Christian faith Visa
the Government which uses it as an instrument to advance its
temporal ambition. Russia-is too oblivious, in the reproaches
she makes against others, that she is far from exercising is
her own empire, in reference to the sects not professing -the
dominant faith, a tolerance equal to that to which the Sublime
Porte has a good right to lay honourable claim ; and that if she
were to display less apparent zeal for the Greek religion beyond
her frontiers, and more charity towards the Catholic religion at
home, she would better obey the raw of Christ, which she so
pompously invokes. _

" Receive, &c.,
" DROUYN DI LELDTIi."

FRANCE.
Prince Lucien Bonaparte, has left Paris for Italy, OA
a special mission from- the -French Government.
The Emperor of Russia has
,written a letter to the
Princess Mathilde, daughter of Prince Jerome Bona-
parte, and wife of the Russian Prince Demidoff, from
whom she is separated, recommending her to, make use
of her influenee over the. opinions of the Emperor Na'
poloon in order to avoid the horror of a needless war.
As to himself, he declares that if justice be not•done to
his demands, he is perfectly determined to maintain the
struggle.
Yesterday the Government presented to the Lees's'
ture a decree, authorising the contraction of a loan of
10,400,0001. for the first expenses of the war, under such
form and conditions as might be suitable. (This Wsi
received with acclamations.) • - •
The Moniteur publishes a very long' report froU3llo
Governor-General of Algeria to the Minister of War' ea
the recent military operations in the Algerian Sahses;
It says that those operations are now terminated, ano
that they have led to " the addition to the denomination
of France of an immense territory and large populations,
in the midst of which the indefatigable enemy of 'the
French, Mohammed ben Abdallah, bad established, rven
to the extreme limits of the Algerian Sahara, the basil
of his hostilities." "This agitator," it adds,. "after
having seen his 'most devoted afid braveitrAentenants,
Ben Nacer ben Chora,. of the Larbaa, 'gad Tell. of
the Ouled Nayls, fall at his side for the defence of iris
cause, has fled, deserted by almost all his partisans, :to-
wards the frontier of Tunis, abandoning to our discre•
tion, and leaving us to place under the protection of our,
flag all the towns and tribes he had armed against Us.,
The Governor-General declares, that the. results obtaibeo
exceed his sanguine expectations, and that he believes
they will proluee "a new era of tranquillity for ail
Algeria."
The Minister of Marine has just issued orders for
all officers of the navy now on leave of absence to repair,
immediately to their respective ports. No fresh leave of
absence will be granted for longer than three months,
and those only to officers who have been for at least
twelve months on active service.
There are now fitting out in the port of Rochefort, 0
form part of the third squadron, the Virginie, frigate) ;
the steam corvette, Gassendi; and two smaller steamers,
the Lucifer, and the M6gere. •
The Bourse was heavy yesteiday, with scarcely ail
business doing. The speculators appeared to be 1.111.
willing to commence any new operations until the. ity
tentions of the Austrian and Prussian Governments Are
more clearly developed; „ • , •

rhieh vN
ted as a
ions and
'hence it
the dis-
t, Porte,
oh has a
me into•

of .the
of 1812
made. aa
ole eon-
it, if ha
head of
his w-
ait,- of

uri."