The Sun.
London, England, 1853-11-21 00:00:00

EXECUTION OF MOBBS.--(THIS DAY.)

TIINATRE ROYAL DRURY.L.ANE.
Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith.
TIIIS EVENING, Nov. 21,
The GREAT AMERICAN EQUESTRIANS will exhibit their
astonishing Feats, unmatched in the history of such Perfo
Dalermancesand
,
assisted by the most renowned Gymnastic Artistes, 0.
Barnes, the European and American champions.

without much detriment to the general po ula-
tion. A happier epoch may then dawn upon the
Portuguese—an epoch happier than that which
was observed during the brief authority of the
last Prince wielding the sceptre of the BRAGANZAS,
or the more extended and yet more lamentable
sway of the young Queen by whom Dom MIGUEL
was unfortunately succeeded. Unfortunately, we
repeat, because the reign of MARIA DA
GLORIA has yielded little else to the Portu-
guese than a sequence of miserable and
scarcely to be tolerated disappointments. That
Sovereign has now been unexpectedly removed,
and removed by a calamity that at once extorts
the sympathy of her life-long opponents, while at
the same instant it affords them reason to hope for
brighter days for the Portuguese, and more liberal
institutions in their so-called popular Government.
Remembering that Queen MARIA DA GLORIA
has died in " childbirth," let us speak of her
personally with the lenity always commanded by
sympathy with misfortunes. Let us not " o'er her
cold ashes upbraid her"—individually. It is with
the office more than with the personage, that the
publicist has to deal in estimating the vices or the
virtues of these pseudo-constitutional govern-
ments. Wherefore, in our after strictures upon
the recent history of Portugal, our remarks must
be directed less to MARIA DA GLORIA in her
private capacity, as an individual, than to the
Queen in her public capacity as a Sovereign.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
trader the management of Mr. Rackstone.
THIS EVENING, Nov. 21,
Will be performed THE LADY OF LYONS. Characters by
Messrs. Howe, H. Corti, Chippendale, George Vandenhoff, and Miss
Reynolds.
To be followed by A PRETTY PIECE OF BUSINESS. Cha-
racters by Messrs. Howe and Ruckstone ; Miss Reynolds and Mrs.

Titzwilliam.
After which, LOVE'S ALARMS. Characters by Messrs. W.
ranee, Corri, and Compton ; Miss Emily Ormonde, Miss E. Romer,
and Miss Featherstone.
---

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET.
Under the Management of Mr. CHARLEs KzAs.

THIS EVENING, Nov. 21,

WM be performed THE DAY AFTER THE WEDDING. Sup-
ported by Mr. and Mrs. W. Lacy.
After which, Lord Byron's Tragedy of SARDANAPALUcters by
A, con-
siderably abridged for stage representation. Principal chara
Mr. C. Kean and Miss Murray.
To conclude with DEAF AS A POST. Principal character by
Mr. Harley.

LYCEUM THEATRE.
Under the Management of Madame Vestris.

THIS EVENDTG, Nov. 21,

-- -
Will be performed A NICE FIRM. Principal characters by
Messrs. C. Mathews, F. Matthews, and Mrs. F. Matthews.
After which, THE Tend,COMMENCEMEN A BAD FARCE
which, however (it is hoped), will. in th show HOW TO
MAKE HOME HAPPY. Principal character by Mr. Wright.
To be followed PATTER v. CLATTER. Captain Patter, Mr.
Charles Mathews.
To conclude with WRIGHT AT LAST.

THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHL
proprietor, Mr. B. Webster.—Directress, Madame Celest'.

THIS EVENING, Nov. 21,

Will be performed THE DISCARDED SON. Characters by
Leigh Murray, Paul Bedford, and Keeley;
woolgar, &c. Mrs. Keeley and Miss
To be followed by WHITEBAIT AT GREENWICH.
After which, THE CAMP AT CHOI:IAM.
To be followed by "HOTEL CHARGES!" or, How to Cook
s' A Bittin."

A mighty change has come over the position
and prospects of Ireland. Well circumstanced
real estates are no longer sacrificed at little more
than one-half their real value. Purchasers are
to be found at fair prices for the broad acres and
fertile plains submitted to public competition.
Incumbrances are now, generally speaking, paid
off in full, while something is saved for the for-
mer proprietors out of the wreck of their affairs,
to protect them from being obliged to enter de novo
on " the battle of life" in a state of complete
destitution, without pecuniary means or assistance
of any kind. Twelve months since when the in-
terest of money was less than one-half of the pre-
sent rate, we distinctly pointed out the favour-
able opportunities for investments afforded by the
continued sales under the Encumbered Estates
Courts, and earnestly recommended our friends
not to let the golden moment pass- unheeded or
disregarded. Those who followed the advice thus
given, have had ample reason to rejoice, for not-
withstanding the appreciation in money, and its en-
hanced value, landed property now brings from
six to ten years' purchase more than could for-
merly have been obtained, or from 30 to 50 per
cent. improvement in prices. In the winter of
1852-3, eligible estates were knocked down for
15 or 16 years' purchase, which, if now offered,
would readily bring 20 to 25. Indeed, we know
of several properties that have been re-sold at very
considerable advances, and others where large sums
have been refused, for what might truly be de-
scribed as " the bargain."
It is not, however, merely the increased com-
petition for estates that exhibits the full extent of
the improvement. The lands are gradually changing
hands. In place of the generous and high-minded,
but thoughtless, improvident, and deeply embar-
rassed proprietors, a new class is springing up ;
men of commercial minds, who, having acquired
wealth by painstaking industry, combined with
self-denying frugaliry, are not disposed either to
squander it in reckless prodigality, or suffer it
to remain without fully developing its resources—
men who, entertaining a horror of debt, will be
enabled to give fair play to their tenants, and to
discharge the duties as well as to enforce the
rights of property.
We are not disposed to censure unduly the un-
fortunate gentlemen who have been driven from
the domains occupied by their ancestors during
many successive generations, in the great majority
of cases, without any faults of their own. If
they were unable to improve the soil, or to bring
it into good cultivation, if they could not encour-
age the farmers or find useful occupation for the
unemployed labour of the vicinity, they were to
be pitied rather than condemned. They were the
victims of circumstances, and if they fell, it was,
generally speaking, from causes wholly beyond
their own control.

ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE.
Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Wigan.
THIS EVENING, Nov. 21,
Wlll be performed PLOT AND PASSION. Principal characters
by Mr. F. Robson and Mrs. Stirling.
, Cooper, and Galli
To be followed by THE CAMP AT THE OLYMPIC. Charac-
ters by Messrs. A. StirlingW F. Rob,on
Mesdames A. Wigan, P. Horton, Chatterley, E. Turner, and
Wyndham.
To conclude with THE WANDERING MINSTREL.

A.STLEY'S EUROPE'S NATIONAL AMPHITHEATRE.
Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke.

`Great and Glorious Succeess of THE INVASION OF RUSSIA.
The Review and Advance of the French Troops—The Conflagra-
tion of Moscow—The Snow Storm, and Retreat of the French army,
have been nightly recived with unbounded approbatton.
SECOND WEEK of the Re-appearance of Mr. ALFRED COOKE,
indisputably the Premier Horseman of the Day, whose Matchless
and Daring Act on Four Horses —the perfection of equestrian art.
Miss EMILY COOKE, the Wonder of the World, will repeat her
astounding FLIGHT through SIXTEEN BALLOONS.
First Appearance of the Equestrian Clown, Mr. G. ADAMS, the
Grimaldi of the day.

The Finished and Talented Eqestrienne, Madile. MASATT b., will
appear during the week.
The Scenes of the Arena, introducing for the First Time (on one
evening) the SIX Unrivalled CLOWNS of this Establishment.
THIS EVENING, Nov. 21,
(and during the week),
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE'S INVASION OF RUSSIA ; Or, The
Burning of Moscow.
Followed by Feats of Equestrianism in the ARENA, unrivalled
in Europe.
Concluding with the First Act of JUPITER'S DECREE; Or,
The Fall of tthfeton.

Boz-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W
West.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tots DAY —Morning 50 min.after 4 I Evening 7 min.aft. 5
10-Moanow—Morning 28 min.after 5 1 Evening 49 min.aft. 5

THE WEATHER.—Sup OFFICE, Nov. 20.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
51—highest since noon yesterday.
40—lowest this morning and during the night.
47—this day at noon.

BAROMETER, 30.
WIND, W.N.W.—Light breeze—cloudy and showery
weather.

NOVEMBER 21.
51— highest since noon yesterday.
39—lowest this morning and during the night.
45—this day, at noon.
BAROMETER, 30'35—a sudden rise of a third of an inch.
WIND, N.—Light breeze, and fine, frosty weather.

iC)lftg

~-~-

~~~~.

LONDON, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1853.

Extraordinary anxiety must now be felt in re-
gard to the state of affairs in the Iberian Penin-
sula—in regard to the maintenance of tranquillity,
and in reference to the interests of good Govern-
ment. For a thunderbolt has fallen into the
political councils at Lisbon by the sudden death
of her Majesty, the QUEEN of Portugal.
Naturally enough the intelligence received this
morning to the above effect must be accepted by
the people in this country with scarcely less solici-
tude than amazement. It comes to us through
the medium of an urgent despatch transmitted to
the Portuguese Minister at the Court of St.
James's by the Portuguese Minister at the Court
of the Tuileries. That despatch is sufficiently
concise and sententious. It runs simply to the
effect—" I have the honour to announce to you
with the most profound sorrow, that her MAJESTY
the QUEEN of Portugal died in child-birth, on
the 15th instant at midday"—the telegraphic com-
munication adding, " The KING (Consort) is de-
clared Regent Lisbon was tranquil." Tran-
quil—yes—for the time being ; tranquil until
the " beginning of the end" shall have really
commenced ! Tranquil during the earlier pro-
cess of preparation ! Tranquil until the mag.
nitude of the occurrence here intimated can be to
the full appreciated ! Tranquil until the mournful
incident has passed away from the scene in all the
pomp of the funereal procession !
Whatever have been the deplorable disappoint-
ments consequent upon the reign of Queen MARIA
DA GLORIA, it is impossible at this moment, in
the presence as it were of her bier, at the earliest
intelligence of her premature demise, and remem-
bering that the death of the young monarch has
been that most touching of all deaths, a death in
"child-birth," it is impossible we say at this par-
ticular moment to refer to the policy of the
departed SOVEREIGN in what we cannot
but consider the deserved terms of severe and
uncompromising reprehension. Let there be a
decent truce to the trenchant arms of political
criticism, at any rate until " the dead shall have
been shovelled away," until the melancholy catas-
trophe shall have been solemnly and religiously
consummated. Then, but not until then, will it be
allowable to weigh deliberately and impartially in
the balance of judgment the merits and demerits
of the late Queen, MARIA DA GLORIA of Por-
tugal, in her onerous and responsible po3i-
tion as a constitutional Sovereign. Then,
but not until then, Will it he advisable to consider
how far the Portuguese
have benefited socially
forcible removal of Dom
and politically from the
MIGUEL from the throne of the —RAGANZAS, and
the substitution in his place of the young monarch
who has just made from the regal arena of Europe
so abrupt and mournful a disappearance.
Already, however, it may be permitted to
us to remark that the horizon frowns darkly
at this critical juncture for the Portusfuelie. It
predicts for them, neveriltelesl, out of this
lowering gloom in the political atmosphere,
the alorioug, and enviable, and inestimable oppor-
tunity for their social and governmental regene-
ration. Out of some sudden convulsion, indeed,
it is possible that they may effect their national
redemption—but even avoiding the perils of any
such momentous movement, it is just conceivable
that the evils of the existing system may be
effectually dissipated. GOD knows a change in
that direction has long been desirable ; and HEAVES
grant that that change may at last be effected

Coming into possession of extensive but
heavily encumbered and strictly entailed pro-
perties, they were placed between two fires.
On the one side, from the extravagance of their
progenitors, they were reduced to the condition
of mere agents, or at least but little more than
nominal proprietors, compelled to draw the last
farthing from the impoverished tenantry to satisfy
the demands of the mortgagee or accountant ;
while from the stringent limitations in favour of
descendants, they were unable to dispose of a por-
tion of their estates to liquidate the charges
affecting the whole, or to improve the soil and
develop its natural fertility. They were, in fact,
bound hand and foot in legal fetters, so strin-
gently as to be totally incapable of helping
themselves. Nor were they empowered to give
leases for terms that would justify the occupiers
in personally undertaking the task of amelioration.

The possessors of wide-spread domains, with
nominal rentals of seven or eight thousands per
annum, and with mansions fitted for the residence
of persons having even double that amount of in-
come, they found themselves with but little more
than as many hundreds that they could apply to
their own private uses. They were thus involved
in perpetual struggles to keep up appearances and
to maintain establishments suitable to the former
rather than to the present conditions of their for-
tunes. Desiring still to be considered as hold-
ing positions among the leading "county families,"
they sacrificed real comfort to show, and plunged
into additional debt, in order that they might be
thought of as their fathers were. Such men could
not give fair play to their tenants or dependents.
Their necessities compelled them to extract the
last available shilling from the pockets of the oc-
cupiers, and to take advantage of improvements,
if any such were made, to which they might have
had some legal, but certainly no equitable, claims.
Improving tenants were therefore discouraged.
The man who had a little money saved, which he
would willingly have applied to the improvement
of his holding, if certain that he himself, or his
children, would have been permitted to enjoy the
fruits of his own capital and US • ci try m in
the continued occupation thereof, or by ob-
taining adequate compensation in the event
of his eviction or removal, could not do so,
because he saw that the certain result was
either additional rent, or the substitution of one
willing to promise more than a solvent tenant
could undertake to pay. He had no motive,
therefore, for exertion, became idle and listless,
and the destruction, commenced by an embarrassed
and improvident proprietary, was consummated
by a careless and reckless peasantry. The candle
lighting at both ends was speedily consumed,
and yet, under more favourable conditions, both
owners and occupiers might have exerted them-
selves steadily, efficiently, and successfully. They
were the victims of circumstances, who, as we
have already stated, were deserving of sympathy
and pity rather than condemnation.
All this, however, is now completely altered.
A new class of landlords is rapidly springing up.
Men, not only unembarrassed, but possessed of ready
money, to improve the estates, which are indeed
their own—men who are not disturbed by lega-
cies of debt and difficulty from the past, or press-
ing claims from the future generations—men who
hteanvaentthreyaß,
duties landlordnot by leavings
,
ing those willing to
the most "cruel
with consideration
ability and the will to discharge their
intelli-
gence, and activity •
holdings.
For these auspicious. atnd to encourage their
large arrears of rent—
thekindness" possible—but by assist-
aglls
results we
and treating
those who display skill,
the operations of the Encumbered
are indebted to
E
Com-
mission. There were unquestionably
of apparent hardship at first wtsculwetivation of their
Estates Com-
h
e
r
e
many cases
estates were
knocked down at ridiculously inadequate •
prices,

and encumbrancers and inheritors were deprived
of what •they might reasonably have expected.
But it wars a necessary evil, and had matters gone
on in the old jog trot way the struggles might
have been prolonged, but the events would scarcely
have been more favourable to any parties, except
the lawyer?, and the receivers of the Court of Chan-
cery. The. evil has, however, cured itself. Fairprices
can now b e obtained, which the inheritors are not
merely *illing but anxious to accept. within
less than. a single week we find these estates sold
for nearly half a million sterling. Certain portions
of the Gl.l3ngall estates, on the 11th instant, pro-
duced 20.4,075/. (sufficient to liquidate all charges
affecting -the inheritance), or 24 years' purchase on
a rental of 8,4821. 16s. 3d., and leaving more
than 7,0,00/. a-year unsold. On the same day
the New town Barry Estate of the Hon. SOMERSET
MAXWELL was sold for 75,0001., being also at the
rate of 2:4 years' purchase, which sum will nearly
satisfy all claims, leaving the extensive domain of the
Honourable Gentleman, in the county of Cavan,
almost clear. The Earl of MORNINGTON'S estates,
subsequently, on Tuesday, the 15th instant,
realised 204,835/., being at the rate of 22i years'
purchase on a rental of 9,6831. 15s. Bd.. In
every one of these cases the inheritors sought the
intervention of the Court, and we have seen with
what beneficial effects. Surely, then, there are
better days in store for the sister kingdom. The
mere fact that a man is an Irish landlord will no
longer be considered as an intimation that he is
hopelessly sunk in the slough of despond, beyond
the possibility of extrication.

COURT CIRCULAR.

WINDSOR, Nov. 19.

The dinner party yesterday included the Duchess of
Brabant, the Duke of Brabant, the Duchess of Kent,
the Duchess of Cambridge, the Princess Mary of Cam-
bridge, the Belgian Minister, the Marquis of Abercorn,
the Lady in Waiting to the Duchess of Brabant, the Lady
in Waiting to the Duchess of Kent, the Baroness de
Speth, Sir George Couper, Count Gustave de Lanney,
and Baron Knesbeck.
The band of the Ist Life Guards attended in the Castle
during dinner and played the following compositions :
March Beethoven.
Overture, " Figaro" .... Mozart.
Walzer, " Invitation a la Danse" Weber.
Potpourri, " La Gazza Ladra" Rossini.
Glee, " Mynheer Vandunck" Sir H. R. Bishop.
Ballabile, Stradella" Flotow.
Her Majesty's private band afterwards attended, and
performed the following selection :
Overture, " Midsummer Night's Dream" Mendelssohn.
Coro, " Il Templario" Otto Nicolai.
March, " Athalie" Mendelssohn.
Selection, " SOnnarnbula"
_

Les Dame aux Camelias Valses Bosisio,

The Queen, with the Duchess of Brabant, drove out
this forenoon in an open pony phaeton. Lord Charles
Fitzroy was in attendance on horseback.
Prince Albert, with the Duke of Brabant, went out
shooting, attended by Lord Waterpark. Col. the Hon.
C. B. Phipps, Lieut.-Col. the Hon. A. Gordon, Count
Gustave de Lannoy, Lieut.-Col. Parker and Col. Dixon
(commanding officers of the Ist Life Guards and 2d
Battalion Scots Fusilier Guards), had the honour of
joining his Royal Highness.

The Duchess and Princess Mary of Cambridge, and
the Marquis of Abercorn, left the Castle to-day for Lon-
don ; also the Belgian Minister, for New Lodge, Wink-
field.

The Duke of Cambridge arrived this afternoon, on a
visit to her Majesty.
The dinner party to-day included the Duchess of Bra-
bant, the Duke of Brabant, the Duchess of Kent, the
Duke of Cambridge, the Lady in Waiting to the Duchess
of Brabant, the Lady in Waiting to the Duchess of Kent,
Lady Charles Fitzroy, Lady Frances Bruce, the Hon.
Mrs. A. Gordon, Colonel the Hon. C. B. Phipps, Count
Gustave de Lannoy, Major the Hon. James Macdonald,
and Mr. Gibbs.

The band of the Scots Fusilier Guards attended in the
Castle, and played during dinner ; and her Majesty's
private band performed the following selection in the
evening :

Overture, " Ruy Blas"
Introduction, " Il Crociato" Meyerbeer.
March, " Les Deux Journees" Cherubini.
Airs de Ballet, "L'Enfant Prodigue" Auber.
Nov. 20.

The Queen and Prince, the Prince of Wales, the
Princess Royal, and Princess Alice, the ladies and gen-
tlemen of the Court, and the domestic household, at-
tended Divine Service this morning in the private chapel
of the Castle. The Duke of Cambridge was also at the
service. The Hon. and Rev. G. Wellesley officiated.

The Mayor of Plymouth had an interview with the
General Board of Health on Saturday, at their office,
Whitehall.

Despatches were sent from the Colonial-office on Sa-
turday, to the Governors of Malta and Gibraltar, and
the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands.
Despatches were received on Saturday from the Gover
nors of the West India Islands,

A Cabinet Council was held at the Foreign-office,
Downing-street, on Saturday. The ministers present
were the Earl of Aberdeen, the Lord Chancellor, Earl
Granville, the Duke of Argyll, the Marquis of Lans-
downe, Viscount Palmerston, the Earl of Clarendon, the
Duke of Newcastle, the Chancellor of the Exchequer,
Sir .James Graham, Sir Charles Wood, the Right Hon.
Sidney Herbert, and Sir William Molesworth. The
Council sat three hours.

PRIVY COUNCIL FOR THE PROROGATION OF PARLIA-
MENT.—Her Majesty is expected to hold a Privy Coun-
cil in the middle of this week at Windsor Castle, for the
purpose of settling the period of the further prorogation
of Parliament, which at present stands adjourned to
Tuesday, the 29th of November.

MOVEMENTS OF THE COURT.—An alteration has been
made in the intended departure of the Court for Osborne.
Another grand banquet is to take place at the Castle on
the 23d inst., and the Queen will not go to the island
before Saturday, the 26th, or Monday, the 28th. The
Court will return from Osborne to Windsor on the 23d
December, for the Christmas holidays. The Duke and
Duchess of Brabant take their departure on the Bth of
December.

THEATRICALS AT WINDSOR CASTLE.-- The series of
dramatic entertainments before her Majesty and the
court at Windsor Castle will not be continued until after
Christmas, when Sir Bulwer Lytton's comedy of Money
will be represented. The four principal male characters
will be supported by four metropolitan managers :
Evelyn, Mr. Charles Kean ' • Graves, Mr. Webster ;
Mr. Benjamin Stout, Mr. Buckstone ; and Captain
Dudley Smooth, Mr. Wigan.

The noble Premier, owing to the pressure of public
business, is not expected to visit Scotland this year.
His lordship will probably pass the recess at the Ranger's
House, Blackheath, where Lord and Lady Haddo and
family are staying.
His Excellency Commodore Sir Charles Hotham and
suite will embark the second week in January to assume
the government of Melbourne. _ _

The venerable Prince Jerome, the last surviving
brother of the renowned Emperor Napoleon, gave a
grand banquet at the Palais Royal, on Thursday, to a
large party in celebration of his natal day, when he com-
pleted his 79th year.

The execution of the wretched man, Nathaniel Mobbs,
who was found guilty of murdering his wife, took place
this morning, at Newgate. Early last evening hundreds
of persons assembled in front of the jail, and notwith-
standing the state of the weather, they remained there
the whole of the night. By seven o'clock nearly 4,000
persons had assembled, and as the hour of eight drew
near, there were about 5,000 men, women, and children
on the spot. A few minutes before eight o'clock, the
bell of the chapel within the jail commenced to toll.
The culprit took his final leave of his four unfortunate
children on Saturday last, and from that time he
became more collected, and continued in religious medi-
tation, being visited at frequent intervals by Mr. Davis,
the ordinary of the prison, through whose kind exhorta-
tions and spiritual instructions the wretched man's
mind was brought to see that there was no hope remain-
ing for him in this world. He attended Divine service
yesterday in the chapel for the last time, when the rev.
ordinary preached the condemned sermon, to which he
paid the most profound attention ; and such has been his
conduct both before and since he was cast for death,
that the authorities of the jail stated that a better-con-
ducted criminal never was confined within the walls of
the prison. After the preaching of the condemned ser-
mon the culprit was visited by the sheriff and the rev.
ordinary, and engaged in prayer, when he fully admitted
the justice of his sentence, and said that from the first
he never entertained a hope that his life would be spared;
he had never altered his statement from that contained
in his petition to the Queen ; that he was driven to the
act by a feeling of jealousy ; and that his wife had first
threatened him. At an early hour—having previously
engaged in prayer with sincere devotion—he retired to
rest, and slept calmly, and rose soon after 6 this morn-
ing, and after having partaken but slightly of some coffee
and toast, he was again visited by the rev, ordinary, who
found him engaged attentively reading from the Bible.
He seemed happy at the visit of the ordinary, and fre-
quently thanked him for his kindness, as also Mr.
Cope, the Governor, and those who had been in attend-
ance upon him. Having been left to his meditations,
about twenty minutes to eight o'clock he sent for Mr.
Davis to engage with him again in prayer for the last
time. The rev, gentleman then read the prayers of
the morning service, which were frequently responded
to by the unfortunate man.

Messrs. Wire and Wallis, the two sheriffs, with the
under-sheriffs, Messrs. Anderton and Smith, arrived at
the prison at half-past seven o'clock. The moment
having arrived for he procession to move, Calcraft com-
menced pinioning the condemned man's arms, having his
hands not tied as hitherto, but the arms were tightly
drawn back by a strong leather strap. The wretched
man, although suffering from a spasmodic affection of
the throat, walked with a firm step to the drop, the
rev, ordinary reading the funeral service. On his
reaching the scaffold his firmness appeared to increase,
notwithstanding the shouts from the populace. Having
placed himself under the fatal beam, the cap was drawn
and the fatal noose adjusted. The signal being given,
the wretched man was launched into eternity. He
struggled severely for a few seconds. After hanging
the usual time his body was cut down, and will be buried
within the prison.

The MarquisTurgot, the French Minister at Madrid,
gave a splendid fete dansante at the embassay on the
15th inst., to the rank, beauty, and fashion of the
Spanish capital, in honour of the fete day of the Empress
Eugenie.
THE MARQUIS OF LONDONDERRY.—This nobleman,
who has been confined from the effects of his late severe
accident and by a serious attack of influenza, is very
materially recovered, and it is hoped that a short time
will restore him to his usual health, and enable him to
attend to business.
THE LATE PRINCESS ESTERHAZY.—The mortal re-
mains of the late much-regretted Princess Nicholas
Esterhazy will be removed from this country for inter-
in
ststill
familyat
Tmsarugsuoalye u. mT oh fe thenob Prince
E has s t earrhr
iavzedy'
IVantel IVite tahree
Vienna. The Countess and the Laday Clementine
from Brighton.
BENEVOLENCE OF HER MAJESTY It will be remem-
bered that the death of Dr. Bexfield,.
th talented organ-
ist and composer, of Norwich,
Thecircumstance
was e
announceda few days
ago in the public journals. The of the
i
doctor having left a widow and three children
unepe eroA vie d
for being communicated to her Majesty, throughMr
Anderson, the conductor of her Majesty's'
private band,.
the Queen commanded the handsome sum of 20 • as
guineas
to be forwarded to the widow, for the immediate necessi-
tiesllille of herself and fatherless children. The gentlemen
of her Majesty's private band, commiserating the posi-
tion of the afflicted widow of so eminent a man, simulta-
neously expressed a desire to give a concert in aid of a
subscription which is about to beset on foot ; and her
Majesty, with her accustomed kindness, has been gra-
ciously pleased to grant those gentlemen permission to
carry out their benevolent wishes. The concert is fixed
to take place at Norwich, on the 16th of December.
Loss OF LIFE BY FIRE.—On Saturday, George
Alsbon, residing at No. 2, North Pole-lane, Greenwich,
was standing with his back to the fire, when by some
means his apron caught fire, and
His crieshe
brought assist-
was quickly en-
veloped in a sheet of flames.
ance, when the fire was extinguished, and he was con-
veyed by rail to London-bridge Station, and from thence
to St. Thomas's Hospital, where he expired in the most
excruciating agony.
GOLD TO RUSSIA.—It is understood that a large sum
in Russian half-imperials was on Thursday withdrawn
from the Bank of England for shipment to St. Peters.
burgh and Odessa,

INDEPENDENCE OF TURKEY.

DEPUTATION TO LORD PALNERSTON ON THE TURKISH

QUESTION.

On Saturday a deputation, consisting of Lord Dud-
ley Stuart, M.P., Messrs. J. A. Nicholay, Profes-
sor Newman, John Wilson, Prout, and Hickson,
waited upon Lord Palmerston, at his residence in Carl-
ton-gardens, to present an address to the Queen, which
had been agreed to at the recent great meeting at the
London Tavern, protesting against Russian encroach-
ments on Turkey.
Lord Dudlty Stuart introduced and explained the ob-
jects of the deputation to his lordship, and the address
was then read, the last paragraph of which expressed
a want of confidence in her Majesty's Government as
at present constituted, in reference to its foreign policy,
and Lord D. Stuart explained that such was the gene-
ral, although not quite the unanimous opinion of the
great meeting over which he had the honour to preside.
Lord Palmerston, who listened with great courtesy
and attention to the observations directed by the depu-
tation to his notice, expressed his conviction that it was
the determination of her Majesty's Government, at all
hazards, to preserve the integrity of the Ottoman empire,
and promised to lay the address which had been placed
in his hands, as Secretary of State for the Home Depart-
ment, before her Majesty at the earliest opportunity.
The deputation then retired.
The following is the memorial :--
"TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.
"May it please your Majesty,—We, your Majesty's
faithful and affectionate subjects, being inhabitants of
the metropolis of Great Britain, in public meeting in the
City of London, assembled, beg leave respectfully to
represent' to your Majesty that the series of aggres-
sions on the part of the Russian government convince
us that there exists in its councils a fixed purpose
not only to subdue Turkey but to domineer over all
Europe, and to extirpate all freedom, We look upon
this as the true reason why no diplomatic settlement
of the quarrel between Russia and Turkey was or is
possible, and we lament that your Majesty's govern-
ment should have wasted much valuable time, damaged
the just cause of the Turks, inflicted upon commerce
months of needless depression, and (which we
regard as the worst effect of all) inspired universal sus-
picion of the good faith of England, in a vain effort to
negotiate with an unscrupulous and violent power, which
acted while we talked, and which, if now momentarily
appeased, would only become more dangerous on some
early occasion. We applaud the glorious and patriotic
spirit shown by the Turkish people at the present crisis,
and should deplore any attempt on the part of your
Majesty's Government to suppress that spirit, consider-
ing the many solemn ways in which England has bound
herself to maintain the Turkish independence, as an act
of unparalled infamy. On the contrary, not only
does the interest, but also the duty and honour,
of England call upon your Majesty's Government
to render to Turkey unconditionally prompt, decisive,
and effective aid. In doing this we further beg leave to
express our conviction that it is equally the duty of your
Majesty's Government towards the people of this coun-
try to discard all secret and dynastic diplomacy ; and
we must add that in our opinion Austria, by reason of
her previous course of policy, and of her recent perfi-
dious behaviour to Turkey, ought to be regarded by us
as an enemy, and not cherished as an ally. And we
further beg leave to represent to your Majesty that from
the manner in which this question has hitnerto been
conducted on the part of England we can come to no
more lenient conclusion than that the servants who have
advised your Majesty are not equal to the emergency.—
Dated Oct. 7, 1853."

THE LATE MANCHESTER MEETING ON
EASTERN AFFAIRS.

The following letters from the Earl of Derby and
Joseph Hume, Esq., M.P., were received by the Secre-
tary of the late meeting at Manchester to sympathise
with Turkey against the aggressions of Russia—but not
read at the meeting :

Knowsley, Nov. 14, 1853.
" Sir,—l have to acknowledge the receipt of your
letter of the 12th inst. ; but regret that the state of my
health—slowly recovering as I am from a. severe attack
of illness, which for the last month has almost entirely
confined me to my bed—renders it impossible for me to
entertain the idea of attending the proposed meeting on
Wednesday next. So far as I am informed as to the
merits of the Eastern Question, Right appears to me to
be altogether on the side of Turkey ; and I believe that
my opinions as to the utter futility of the pretexts put
forward by Russia in justification of her acts of unpro-
voked aggression, are shared by the great mass of my
countrymen.—l am, sir, your obedient servant, " DERBY.
T. S. Clayton, Esq.
ig Burnley-hall, Nov. 16, 1853.

" Sir—l have this morning received your letter of the
12th, inviting me to'attend a public meeting to be held this
day in Manchester. I request you will express to the com-
mittee my thanks for their invitation, and for their belief
that any opinions of mine could have aided the cause for
which the meeting will express its sympathy. The in-
vasion of territory, and the late proclamation of the
Russian Government against Turkey, must secure from
all independent people, the strongest feelings on behalf
of the Turks ; and I hope it will be proved that our
Government have been consistent in the support of the
Turks. If victory is to be with those who are right,
the Turks must be, as I wish them to be, successful ;
and it is quite possible that something advantageous to
the liberty of Europe may yet spring from the hostilities
now going on.—l remain, your obedient servant,

" JOSEPH HUME.
" T. S. Clayton, Esq., Hon. Sec., &c."

MURDER IN WANSTEAD WOOD.—On Friday last one
of the servants of the Earl of Moira and some labourers,
in passing through a secluded part of Wanstead• wood,
discovered the body of a man with his throat cut from
ear to ear. A bloody knife was found near the body,
which appeared to be that of a person from 35 to 40
years of age. In the hat were written the words
" Bailey, Portsmouth."
THE BOILER EXPLOSION AT BLACKBURN.—The par-
ticulars of a shocking boiler explosion in Starkie-street,
Blackburn, by which several lives were lost, and of the
leading facts given in evidence before the coroner, have
been published. The investigation closed at nine o'clock
on Friday night, and at half-past ten the jury found
their verdict, which was :—" Of manslaughter against
William Hesketh and Edward Sharples conjointly, re-
lating to the death of Edward Sharples and others,
caused by the explosion of a steam-boiler under their
care, in Starkie-street. The jury entirely exonerate Mr.
James Pickop from all blame. The jury recommend
the inspection of boilers, and suggest that the mayor
call a meeting of the millowners and the proprietors of
steam-boilers in Blackburn to consider the matter as
early as convenient,"

LATEST FOREIGN NEWS f flag-ship Mahmoudi6, at anchor in the Bay of
Buyukdere. M de la Cour, the French ambassa-
dor, accompanied him.
On Sunday 400 Turkish soldiers left for Varna,
on board the Ottoman steamer Numaich-Tidjaret.
Admiral Slade is still cruising in the Black Sea,
with six Turkish frigates and two war-steamers. It
is said that a great portion of the Turkish fleet is
shortly to follow.
We have not yet had the pleasure of reading an
official bulletin from the Russians since they have
been in Wallachia, but here we have Prince
Gortschakoff's most veracious account of the battle
of Oltenitza :
" The attack made by General Dannenberg on the
Turkish position at Oltenitza, was attended with bril-
liant success for the Russian arms. Although the Turks
fougbt with great courage, and their most advantageous
position was protected on the right flank by three rows
of batteries of 40 guns, planted on the right bank (of the
river, probably), and by numerous batteries on the left
bank, the Russian infantry division, in the very face of
the eneiuy's fire, succeeded in dislodging bins by means
of a bayonet attack."

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

ENTRANCE OF THE BRITISH FRENCH
FLEETS INTO THE BLACK SEA.

A portion of the English fleet has sailed into the
Black Sea ; also a portion of the French fleet.
Advices from Hermaunstadt, of the 19th inst.,
state that on the 15th the Turks attempted a sur-
prise at Turnul, but were repulsed. The affair was
unimportant. From Kalafat the Turks have ad-
vanced inland one German mile, and fortified them-
selves.

News received from Vienna of the 19th, confirms
the fact of the evacuation of Oltenitza, and of the
movement in retreat of the Turks to the right bank
of the Danube. That manoeuvre had not been pre-
ceded by any fresh encounter between the two
armies. The passage of the Danube was effected in
good order and without the Turks having been dis-
turbed. Kalarach and Giurgevo were evacuated at
the same time. The advanced posts of the division
of Osten-Sacken the Russian General had got be
yond Jassy.
On the left bank of the Danube the Ottoman
troops continued to occupy Kalafat and its environs
with twenty-five thousand men ; they were receiv-
ing reinforcements from Widdin and Sophia.
Speaking of the passage of the Danube by the
Turks, the Times' Paris correspondent says :—" It
does not appear that the retreat of the Ottoman
forces was occasioned by a defeat, or that they were
molested during the operation. It seems to be the
retrograde movement of a general who, not being
able to come up in time to attack his enemy in de-
tail, and when unsupported—whether the delay was
occasioned by the weather, the state of the roads,
or any other cause—finds himself suddenly in pre-
sence of a force on which he had not calculated, and
far exceeding his own. Under such circumstances
all Omer Pasha had to do was to fall back. It would
have been an act df madness to attack the Russians
without almost the certainty of victory, with such a
river as the Danube in his rear; and, as the fate of
the campaign depended on his next movement, his
first care was to save his army from destruction. If
it turn out to be correct that the Turks have not
been driven back in consequence of a defeat, it is
still an advantage in favour of Omer Pasha. I
ventured to express the opinion long since that
part of the Russian General's tactics appeared to
be to draw the Turks, even by allowing them some
advantages, into a position most favourable for
himself, and, for his purposes sufficiently distant
from the Danube, when he could choose his own
battle-ground, assemble his masses, and fall upon
them with overwhelming force. I think that, if
the recent account be exact, something like what
I anticipated has occurred."

FRANCE.

M. de Kisseleff is at Fontainebleau since Friday
evening. He had been ill, but made an effort to
present himself at the Imperial festivities. The
news of the retreat of the Turks no doubt contri-
buted to restore him to health.
The President of the Chamber of Commerce of
Brest has published the following despatch from
the Minister of Marine, relative to towing mer-
chant ships through the straits of the Dardanelles
and of Gibraltar :

"Monsieur le Prefet,— Since the month of September
last I have been occupied with the difficulties which
merchant ships might meet in proceeding to the Black
Sea, particularly at the entrance of the Dardanelles and
of the Bosphorus, and on the 14th of the following month
I addressed the necessary instructions for towing ships
employed in the conveyance of corn to our ports. I
have subsequently given orders to the Commander-in-
Chief the Mediterranean squadron to station a steam
vessel under his orders in the Dardanelles to tow ves-
sels, of which the captains can give proofs of their mis-
sion and of their cargo, and the same assistance is to be
extended to foreign ships freighted by French merchants
to carry corn to France. I have likewise requested
Vice-Admiral Hamelin to arrange with our Ambassador
at Constantinople to remove any difficutty to the free
passage of the Straits, and although the manifesto of the
Sublime Porte is calculated completely to reassure our
merchants, I have addressed fresh instructions to the
chief of our naval forces in the Levant, in order to
procure all facilities compatible with the state of affairs
in the East. I have likewise thought it my duty to
order the commander on the Tagus naval station to tow
any merchant ships which may be detained in the Straits
of Gibraltal. In adopting those measures, I have pro-
posed to hasten the arrival in our ports of vessels laden
with grain for the supply of France, and to respond to
the laudable initiative of the merchants who have
im-
posed on themselves the task of supplying the deficiency
of our wheat crop."

The inclepenclance of Brussels says, in reference
to the retreat of the Turks :—" The truth is this,
we can guarantee it, though no letter or journal
has yet spoken of it :—The Turks have voluntarily
evacuated without a new combat, without even
being disquieted by the Russians, the position
which they had occupied on the left bank of the
Danube opposite Oltenitza. They blew up the
building of the quarantine, in which they sustained
the sharp attack of the 4th, together with the
entrenchments which they threw up ; and then they
went quietly to the right bank. There has conse-
quently been no great engagement since the 4th;
the Russians have not been beaten ; Bucharest has
not been set on fire ; General Gortschakoff is not in
retreat on Cronstadt ; and the Turks, on their part,
have not been driven into the Danube. The great
attack, which General Gortschakoff was to have
made at the head of 24,000 men on the Turkish
entrenchments opposite Oltenitza, has not even
taken place. All that has occurred is a strategic
movement of Omer Pacha, who has recalled on the
right bank of the Danube the portion of his troops
which had crossed the river and had taken up a
position on the left bank, near Oltenitza.
From the Cologne Gazette, of the 18th, we learn
that all the line of Russian military operations from
Krajowa, by Bucharest, Ismail, Sebastopol, and
the Caucasus as far as beyond Anaklin, is divided
into three general commands—namely, Prince
Gortschakoff, in Wallachia ; General Luders, in
Moldavia, near Ismail, the coast of Bessarabia, and
Southern Russia ; and General Woronzoff, in the
Caucasus. Admiral Prince Menschikoff has the
command-in-chief of the fleet. General Lagaresi
Stanischoff, commanding the park of artillery, has
received orders to march into the principalities.
He has already quitted Warsaw.
We learn by telegraph that Prince Gortschakoff
received positive order s on the Bth inst. to assume
the offensive. Russian pontoons have been sent to
Oltenitza.

A commission has been appointed by the Mini-
ster of Agriculture, Commerce, and Public Works
to prepare a report on the best mode of establish-
ing regularity and security in railway travelling.
The commission is to be presided over by the Mini-
ster of Commerce in person.
A letter from Marseilles, of the 18th inst., states
that a private in the 10th regiment of Light In-
fantry had been arrested in that town in the act
of posting revolutionary proclamations on the walls.
The individuals convicted of having conspired to
assassinate the Emperor have appealed against their
sentence.

According to telegraphic advices from Bucharest
of the 16th, Prince Gortschakoff had returned
there. It is said that the Russian troops have
evacuated Lesser Wallachia.

Prince Stirbey withdrew from the administra-
tion of the Principality on the 2d inst., and on
that day the Russian General Prince Urusoff
arrived at Jassy.
It is stated that Prince Stirbey has sent a de-
spatch to the Turkish Minister for Foreign Affairs,
in which he explains that, after the publication of
martial law by Prince Gortschakoff, and the decla-
ration that Bucharest and all the towns in Wal-
lachia were placed in a state of siege, and after
orders had been given to the Russian commanders
to burn all the corn and other provisions which
they could not carry away with them, he consi-
dered that he could no longer retain the command,
and that lie was quitting Wallachia to proceed to
Paris, after having surrendered the reins of Go-
vernment to a Council of Boyards.
Prince Urusoff has ordered the establishment at
Jassy of an hospital fit to contain 6,000 patients.
The corps of General Luders is expected to enter
from Bessarabia.

On the 14th the Servian Hospodar requested M.
Muchin, the Russian Consul, to quit Belgrade.
A private letter from Eizeroura of the 29th ult.
announces that a column of Russian troops, which
was marching to reinforce the garrison of Poti, had
been surprised by a snowstorm, and was blocked
up in a defile in the neighbourhood of Kars, which
renders the speedy surrender of Poti probable.
The following is the letter addressed by Reschid
Paella, Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs, to
the foreign legations on the Ist inst., enclosing a
copy of the Imperial Hat, announcing the inten-
tion of the Sultan to proceed to Adrianople :
"We have the honour to transmit to you a copy of
the Liat-Scheriff, Imperial autograph, which has just
reached us at the Sublime Porte to announce the high
decision taken by his Majesty, our glorious Sovereign,
to proceed to Adrianople with the aid of God, at the
commencement of next spring, in consequence of the
present war. We avail ourselves, etc., etc."
A letter from Warsaw, 11th, says :—" The mani-
festo of the Emperor of Russia and the second bul-
letin of the Danube were published to-day in all
the journals. The manifesto concludes with the
literal translation of the Sclavonic ecclesiastical
text, 0 Lord, I have confidence in thee, that I
may not have to blush in eternity.' The Russian
journals publish ordinances which prove that hos-
tilities will commence by sea. It is not thought
that the Russian regiments in which there are many
Poles will be sent against the Turks."
A letter from Alexandria of the sth announces
that a reserve of 3,500 sailors raised on the coasts
of Syria had just started for Constantinople. These
sailors are intended for the Turkish and Egyptian
ships of war, whose crews will be thus brought up
to their full complement.
Letters from Constantinople, Nov. 7, say that
the Seraskier, Omer Pacha, and General Prim left
Schumla on the 27th. A great part of the garrison
left on the 27th, and part- on the 28th. On the
31st they arrived at Turtukai. The march of the
troops was executed in admirable order. At Tur-
tukai, on the 31st, at ten o'clock in the forenoon,
some of the riflemen and a battalion of infantry
crossed the Danube in boats, and occupied an island
which is distant from the left bank about 100 yards.
The same night they fortified themselves there,
opening trenches. They placed three cannon there,
and others aro being transported across the river.
A thick fog favoured these operations. They
did not get a glimpse of any Russians until this
morning, when our riflemen exchanged shots with
some Cossacks. One Cossack was killed, and the
rest made off. The troops will very soon occupy
the left bank of the Danube. The passage of the
river has been executed with groat success. We
have no news of the movements of the Russians.
The Danube has been crossed in a similar manner
at Widdin, and yesterday it was to be crossed also
at Silistria and Rustshuck.

Namick Paella, Minister of Commerce of the
Ottoman Porte, who came from Constantinople by
the Mentor, has arrived in Paris.
The Moniteur publishes the official return of the
receipts of the Customs and indirect taxes for the
month of October. They amounted to 13,102,886
fr., being 983,764 fr. more than in the correspond-
ing month of last year, and 2,140,615 fr. more than
that of 1851. The receipts for the first ten months
of 1853 amount to 116,421,339 francs, of 1852 to
115,409,7801 r., and of 1851 to 98,237,678 fr.
The Bourse was more animated on Saturday than
for some days past, and the confirmation of the report
of the Turks having recrossed the Danube caused
the Three per Cents, to rise from 73f. 25c., the
opening price, to 73f. 65c., at which they closed for
the end of the month. The Four-and-a-Half per
Cents. closed at 99f. 70c.; Orleans Railway Shares,
1,150 f. ; Rouen, 1,025 f. ; Havre, 485 f. ; Great
Northern, 852 f. 50c. ; Paris and Strasburg, 812 f.
50c. ; Paris and Lyons, 895 f. ; Lyons to the Medi-
terranean, 725 f. ; Western of France, 685 f. ; Bor-
deaux and Cette, 575 f. 50c. ; Great Central, 507 f.
50c. ; Lyons to Geneva, 500 f. ; Shares of the Bank
of Credit of Mobilier, 690 f.

In the affair that occurred between two Russian
steamers with ten gunboats, it is said the Turkish
batteries riddled them with shot, and two of the
boats were sunk. This occurred at Isatchka, on
the Lower Danube.
We are expecting stirring news from Wallachia,
as it is to be foreseen that an engagement will in
all probability soon take place.
Troops continue to arrive almost daily. The
Leonidas, a French postal steamer, arrived on
Tuesday, with 45G Turkish soldiers on board. They
were taken in at Smyrna. The Africa, one of the
boats of the Australian Lloyd Company, arrived
the same day, with 230 on board.
Admiral Dundas, who is staying at Therapia,
has received the visits of the Turkish admirals.
The French admiral, Hamelin, the commander-
in-chief of the French squadron, paid a visit to the
ClaNtan, Paella, on Wednesday 1,403 911 ii,eazd the