The Sun.
London, England, 1853-10-18 00:00:00

14

THEATRE ROYAL DRURY-LANE.
Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith.
THIS EVENING, Ocronsa 18.
Will be performed THE LADY OF LYONS. Supported by
Messrs. G. V. Brooke, J. Johnston, A. Youngs, Morgan, and Moor-
house ; Mesdames Anderton, Vickery, and Belton.
To be followed by VERY SUSPICIOUS. Supported by Mr. G.
Wild and Miss F. Williams.
Ta conclude with THE WATERMAN. Supported by Miss
Featherstone and Miss E. Ormond.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET.
Under the Management of Mr. CHARLES liztx,
THIS EVENING, 00r. IS,
Will be performed THE RIVALS. Characters by Messrs. W.
Lag. Harley, Meadows, Cathcart, Mellon, and Addison ; Mrs.
Winstanley, Mrs. W. Lacy, Miss Heath, and Miss C. Leclercq.
To be followed by MARCO SPADA. Supported by Messrs. W.
Lacy, Ryder, and Graham ; Misses Heath and C. Leclercq.

THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHL
Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster,—Diroctre.ss„ Madame Celeste,
THIS EVENING, Ocr. 18,

Will be performed THE DISCARDED SON. Characters by
Leigh Murray, Paul Bedford, and Keeley; Mrs. Keeley and Mica
Woolgar.
After which, THE CAMP AT CHOBHAM.
To be followed by "HOTEL CHARGES !" or, How to Cook
"A Bitlin."
To conclude with COMING OF AGE.

ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE.
Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Wigan.
THIS EVENING, OCT. 18,
Will be performed THE CAMP AT THE OLYMPIC. Charac-
ters by Messrs. A. Wigan, Emery, F. Robson, Cooper, and Galli ;
Mesdames A. Wigan, Stirling, P. Horton, Chatterly, E. Turner, and
Wyndham.
To be followed by PLOT AND PASSION. Principal characters
by Mr. F. Robson and Mrs. Stirling.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke.
SECOND APPEARANCE of Miss KATE COOKE on her milk-white
Charger, Snowdrop, expressly trained for her by Mr. W. Cooke.
Last Four Nights of the Battle of Waterloo. Mr. W. Cooke, ever
anxious to present the Patrons of this popular Theatre with every
possible Novelty the Continent affords, has, at an enormous ex-
pense, entered into an Engagement with Mons. CLEUSIL and his
Extraordinary ACTING TROUP of DOGS and MONKEYS,
whose wondrous performances abroad have been the theme of
universal astonishment and admiration. They will appear for the
First Time on SATURDAY, October 23.
THIS EVENING, OcT. 18,
And during the week, will be presented (the 31st time) the New
Classical Burlesque, entitled JUPITER'S DECREE, AND THE
FALL OF PHATON; or, THE FIERY COURSERS OF THE SUN,
supported by the entire strength of the Company.
To be followed by Mr. W. Cooke's matchless Scenes in the Circle,
introducing, for the First Time, Miss KATE COOKE, and those asto-
nishing Artistes, Signor CARLOTTIE and Signor FRANCOIS on
LA PERCHE.
Concluding with (107th time) THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO.
Box-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. N.
West.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tuts DAY —Morning 32 mln.after 2 Evening 48 min.aft. 2
To-Moeaow—Morning 6 min.after 3 I Evening 19 min.aft. 3

THE WEATHER.—Sim OPPies, Ocr. 18.
THERMONETRE, IN THE SHADS.
57—highest since noon yesterday.
44-lowest this morning and during the night.
54—this day at noon.
BAROMETER, 29.49—going up rapidly.
WIND, N.W.—Fine, but cloudy.

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LONDON, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1853.

Yesterday we published the Manifesto of the
Sublime Porte, and this morning we have the
satisfaction of laying before our readers a docu-
ment scarcely one jot less remarkable in its char-
acter, and one, moreover, of a nearly equal perti-
nence, importance, and significance. A. glance,
however cursory, through our columns, will show
the reader at once that allusion is here made to
the elaborate communication in which Louis Kos-
HUTH has analysed the foreign policy of the Eng-
lish Government. At a superficial regard of this
incident it might, perchance, be erroneously sup-
posed, by some observers, that there is in the pub-
lication of this epistle, from the hand of the
illustrious Magyar, a certain indecorum or indeli-
cacy, considering that he enjoys tranquillity,
security, and independence at this moment under
the aegis of the British Constitution. It might be
conjectured, at the first blush, that there is a
degree of impropriety in the circumstance
of the ex-Governor of the Hungarians pro-
nouncing words of reprehension upon the course
pursued by the Cabinet of the very country
in which the respect accorded to himself and his
compatriots constitutes the most precious and
estimable solace they could possibly enjoy iu the
bitterness of their prolonged and undeserved exile
from the beloved haunts of their Fatherland.
Reflection, however, must at once satisfy any im-
partial spectator of the political misfortunes of a
glorious patriot like Louis liossurll, that any
such condemnatory estimate of his proceedings in
this particular would be as despicable in error as
it would in effect be preposterous. Liberator of
his country—Kossum could never by possibility
forego the privilege of his sacred and inalienable
right as a freeman—that of aspiring to witness
the ultimate emancipation of his fellow-citizens,
that of pleading in their behalf at every available
. opportunity, that of avowing his belief in the
certainty of their realising sooner or later
the glorious dream of their independence.
To silence a man like KOSSUTH in regard to the
wrongs of his mother country, you must tear his
tongue out by the roots. Not otherwise can he
be ever constrained to silence upon that all-ab-
sorbing theme, which time, and wrongs, and an-
guish have rendered the passion of his existence.
Imprisonment in the Austrian dungeons failed to
crush out of his heart the holy hope of raisin('
0
the down-trodden race of the Magyars to the glory
of a powerful and unconquerable nationality. It
is not likely, therefore, that that hope will be
extinguished here in England during the sorrows
of his protracted banishment. It is not probable
that he will willingly let pass any 'event calculated
to afford him valid reason to remind the world
of his opinions, to recall to the recollection of
the community the lamentable situation of the
heroic people over whom he once exercised
the power of a beneficent, and (for the time being)
a wholly irresponsible Government.
Therefore KOSSUTH has spoken, and spoken,
too, in language that cannot for an instant be
misapprehended. Hitherto we have deemed it
adiisable to delay for a while the appearance of
this remarkable letter before the public through
the medium of our circulation. It appeared to
us injudicious to afford that letter now printed in
another part of our impression of this evening
the ill-advised opportunity of a premature publi-
cation. According to our view of the question at
issue it could not be otherwise than blundering to
circulate at an earlier period than the present the
severe strictures pronounced by KOSSUTH upon
the foreign policy of her Britannic MAJESTY'S
Government. Severe those strictures are ; but
are they not also most justifiable in their severity?
Answer it that craven and abortive Note of the
Vienna Conference ! Answer it that despicable
toleration of the passage of the Pruth, and of the
lawless seizure of the Danubian Principalities !
Answer it these timorous procrastinations ! An-
swer it these hysterical assurances from Downing-
street that England Yearns to preserve peace at all
cost with the mighty AUTOCRAT of all the Russias !
Answer it our bungling diplomacy,
our hesitating
Cabinet, our protracted and
utterly valueless
negotiations. KOSSUTH hits the right nail on the
head. He admits the ignor6t into the secret of
these reiterated delays and of this pitiable pusil-
lanimity. He declares—and these words of his
are truth—that the reason why the English Go
vernment have not acted more vigorously under
the recent pressure of circumstances, that the
reason of their not having more boldly maintained
the rights of Turkey, that the reason of their not
more valiantly repelling the aggressions of the
AUTOORAT--iS the dread entertained by themselves
lest by acting more energetically they may be
aiding the cause of a general emancipation. "I ,
have no hesitation to say," observes KOSSUTH,
" that the policy of England has long since been
Russian in its results ; though not Russian in
its motive it has been worse, it has been anti,
liberal in its principles." Yes—Heaven knows
that is the truth—History proves it in deplor-
able characters. It was in consequence of this
miserable policy in the councils of Great Britain,
that the treason of GoRGEY was allowed the op-
portunity of proving triumphant, that Austria
was enabled to coerce into subjection the heroic
people of Hungary through the armed interfer-
ence of the Russian soldiery, that the Cossacks
entered Moldo-Wallachia with impunity in 1848,
and that in 1849 they were permitted without
remonstrance to strangle with rope, and to stab
"with the /*Met) mid to decapitate with the ,

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axe the betrayed libexty of the ill-fated
but glorious Hungarians. KOSSTJTH, however,
has even now morally and virtually his triumph
over his antagonists—his victory over his assail-
ants, even in the days of his misfortune, and in
the period of his banishment. Already he is
avenged. He is avenged on those craven states-
men who were accomplices in the perpetration of
enormous crime, by consenting to witness the

fulfilment of the evil designs of despotism through
a nameless fear of democracy. Dreading the exten-
sion of popular freedom over the Continent, England
was indirectly the cause, by her pusillanimity, why
the heart of CHARLES ALBERT was broken—why
Lombardy was reconquered by RADETzKy—why
the Magyars, bound hand and foot, were delivered
over by the traitor GoRGEY to the mercy of HAY-
NA.I7 and the forbearance of PASKEWITZCH. Kos-
STITH, we repeat, is avenged upon these craven
and incapable statesmen. For the same policy
which before crushed the beautiful visions of Ita-
lian and Hungarian independence has at length
arrived at what was obviously its inevitable deve-
lopment, by tarnishing the fair fame of England,
and jeopardising the tranquillity of the European
Continent.

The contest between the millowners and the
factory hands has fairly commenced at Preston.
It is impossible to calculate with any pretensions
to accuracy the amount of damage that must be
inflicted, the misery that must be endured, during
the internacine conflict. The operatives will, we
fear, have bitter cause to deplore the short-sighted
folly and arrogant assumptions of which they have
been guilty. Too late will they lament the in-
fatuation which induced them to listen to the
insidious suggestions of interested agitators, and
to aim a deadly blow against their best friends—
a blow which rebounds with double force against
then elves, their wives and families. They have
hitherto 'remained deaf to the sound and whole-
some advice that has been offered by true
friends. They have disregarded the salu-
tary admonitions of their religious pastors of
all denominations, and of the public journals,
which, with scarcely an exception, have pointed
out the inevitable consequences of their reckless
audacity and insubordination. The more prudent
and sagacious among them have been struck with
the validity of the arguments offered for their
consideration, but they have been unable to
struggle against the stream ; the well-disposed
have been swept away with the torrent, and un-
fortunately must participate in the sufferings
thereby occasioned. They would willingly with-
draw if they could, but unfortunately that is
scarcely possible under present circumstances, and
they are gradually but certainly drawn into the
vortex, and involved in one common destruction
with others who are less entitled to sympathy or
condolence.
We have repeatedly pointed out the certain
results of such a struggle as that which has just
been entered on. When the ten per cent. move-
ment was started, we explained that " the
masters might arm themselves with the same
weapon which had been resorted to by the work-
men, and use it with terrific force against the mal-
contents—that employers might strike' in due
course, and teach a bitter lesson to those who, not
contented with unexampled prosperity and the
enjoyment of unwonted ,comforts, were aiming at
impossibilities, by endeavouring to produce a state
of things that should necessarily terminate, and
that at no very distant period, in the ruin of all
parties concerned, of the workmen more certainly
than of the employers." Already our painful
forebodings have been partially accomplished. Our
gloomy predictions have, up to this time, been sin-
gularly verified. Would that it had been other-
wise. We would willingly submit to the obloquy,
and suffer ourselves to be branded as "false prophets"
if the poor betrayed victims might escape from the
privations which they have endured, are enduring,
and must endure to a heart-rending extent. But
these aspirations are fruitless. They have sowed
the seed, and they must reap the crop, and the
fruits of such conduct invariably come home to
the parties themselves.
We learn from recent intelligence, that "on
Friday. and Saturday, no less than thirty-six mills
were closed," making a total of forty-six mills in
which there is an entire suspension of manufac

turing operations. Others are under notice to
close, so that there will be a general cessation of
work in the district within a few days. Here,
then, we find some 25,000 unfortunate persons
doomed to idleness and inactivity in consequence
of this disagreement. Twenty-five thousand
individuals, each of whom on an average had
one or more dependents, and who earned, on the
average, at least 10s. per week. We are greatly
within the mark if we assume 12,5001. per week
as the amount of earnings sacrificed, which pro-
vided for FIFTY THOUSAND human beings—men,
women, and children—at an average of ss. per
week for each adult and infant. This is the very
lowest calculation as to the extent of the loss ;
and if we take the highest estimate of the contri-
butions that may be obtained from all sources at
4,0001. per week, we find that there will be a
loss of at least 8,0001. per week, or more than
3s. per week for each individual, who will have
to live on less than two-fifths of his or her former
expenditure.

We invite intelligent operatives, and there are
very many such, worthy of a far better fate than
that to which they are subjected through the folly
and recklessness of the different trade committees
to examine the above calculations, and to state
whether everything is not estimated in the most
favourable point of view for the workmen. We
have done so advisedly, that no time may be
wasted in disputing the premises or arguing on
the sufficiency of the data. Surely 10s. per week
is not more than the average earnings, and it is
not too much to assume that each operative has
one other person of the declining or rising genera-
tion dependent on him or her. The minimum,
amount of loss is thus ascertained, and the maxi-
mum of relief is also discovered from the proposi-
tion of the Committee of the Operative -Union,
which is to pay 4,0001. per week, which they allege
they will be able—if contributions come in freely
for some weeks I Good GOD, is this the shattered
reed on which the misguided mass is resting.
Each working man, or woman, will receive 4s. in
place of 10s. There will be 2s. to provide, we
shall not say comforts (for these must be totally
given up), but necessaries for each. And how
long will it last ? How long will those who earn'',
their daily bread by the sweat of their brows be

willing to contribute largely, from their hardly-
acquired earnings, to support others in idleness ?

There may be a temporary enthusiasm, which in-

duces them to promise largely—but how soon

will they weary of the intolerable burden ? How

soon will they feel desirous of dislodging the in•

truders on their limited resources ? The Com-

mittee have gone to the full length of their
tether in naming some—for which we may read
three or four weeks, at the outside, as the

period for which even that pecuniary assistance
can be continued, and when it ceases, what is to

become of the mal-contents ? Miserable as will be
their condition during the payment of the auxi-
liary fund, it will be immeasurably worse on its
cessation. Then, indeed, will they rue bitterly

their infatuation when sustaining privations at
which humanity may shudder. Let them not
suppose that they will be immediately restored to
the positions which they have forfeited. The
masters will make the most of the victory which
has been so dearly purchased. Their own pecu-
niary losses will indurate their hearts, and they
will discover the necessity of teaching a lesson that
will not easily be forgotten. They will be sus-
tained by capitalists, who will willingly renew
obligations, for the none-performance of which
valid excuses may be offered. The operatives
must be totally defeated before any impression is
made on the wealthy firms, while struggling
establishments will take the opportunity of ob-
taining unlooked-for indulgence ; or, if greatly
embarrassed, by going into the Gazette and
wiping off their liabilities under the most favour-
able circumstances. Once more, then, and ere-it

is yet too late, we implore the misguided opera.

tives to take a calm and unprejudiced view of

their real position, to discard the heartless scoun.

drels who prey upon their follies, and to patch

:~.~~'

up, in the best manner possible, the quarrels that
have disturbed their relations with their best
friends. Let them remember that they them-
selves are the aggressors, and that they must ne-
cessarily make submission. There is nothing dis-
honourable in the confession of error. Far worse
is a perverse and. obstinate perseverance in a mis-
taken course.

The most contemptible offspring of Coalition
Legislation was, doubtless, its India Bill ; and
we were never more surprised than on reading a
few weeks ago, in one of our ablest weekly con-
temporaries, that this measure, opposed so vehe-
mently at first, was now looked back upon by the
country with such approbation, as to be justly
enumerated amongst the sources of Ministerial
strength ! The House of Commons was satisfied
that Ministers were thoroughly acquainted with
the subject ; popular opinion rapidly changed as
the discussion advanced ; the ignorant Press pays
now the penalty- of bashful silence, as the just
punishment of ita unjust attacks ; and Sir CHAS.
WOOD receives from all persons acquainted with
Indian matters a homage parallel with thatten-
dered to certain wooden idols in our Indian em-
pire itself. Such is the pleasing fancy of one of
our journals, than which none is more competent
to deal with hard commercial facts ; possibly for
that very reason, less able to shape the creations
of its imagination, when it indulges that untried
faculty into anything like the needful resem-
blance to the realities of life. We thought
that no one doubted that the large ma-
jorities on the Indian Bill were due en-
tirely to our Legislators' weariness of a topic on
which they knew but little, and that no waking
man could imagine that either England or India
looked upon such a paltry measure for so great
an occasion with any other feeling than disgust.
We supposed that even the happy Directors who
survived self-mutilation (and their beneficiaries,
too) chuckled by themselves over their good 'luck
in escaping the wholesale annihilation which they
consciously merited.
If, however, one weekly journal indulges in
pleasant day-dreams, another of far higher politi-
cal pretensons awakens the dreamer a week or two
afterwards with most startling intelligence. If
Englishmen are weary of a long session, and not
least so of its worst part, East Indians are not
weary of their own business. If Sir CHARS
WOOD really had begun to plume himself on his
measure, and to look forward to a niche of honour
in Anglo-Indian history, the most undeniably
competent judges of his bill have pronounced a
verdict which will make him wish that any name
but his had been on the back of his unlucky bill.
The arrival of Sir C. WOOD'S opening speech at
Calcutta was the signal for immediately convening
a great public meeting of the natives. It was
called in regular form by the High Sheriff ; it
met in the Town-hall, and was attended by 4,000
persons. The meeting was conducted wholly by
natives, the chairman and the speakers were all
natives and all Hindoos. The principal natives of
the province wexe present, gentlemen representing,
it is said, ten millions of property. Europeans
who were present were auditors merely. Such a
meeting as this in India must, under almost any
circumstances, make any flesh and blood Presi-
dent of the Board of Control open his eyes, and
widely too. Though there are no elections in
India, though public meetings cannot sway elec-
toral votes, and set the Governor and his Counc

on calculating their numerical strength, yet pub-
lic meetings alone cannot be despised. In con-
junction with a Free Press they will compel the
attention of even an absolute Governor and an
absolute Indian. President at home.
This meeting, however, was conducted with a
measure of ability whieli would have affected
the councils of NIGH OLAS himself. Such full
political knowledge, such consummate talent,
such thorough mastery of the English lan-
guage itself, and such oratorical power were
displayed, as must make both Sir CHARLES
WOOD and Sir JAMES Hoag tremble on their
respective thrones. It is obvious enough now,
if it was not before, that the days of exclu-
sive covenanted service are nearly ended. If the
English public can be bamboozled with the mer-

(cenary fiction of an irresponsible double govern-
ment, and its institutions for English patronage at
Haileybuzy and Addiscombe, the Indian public
are alive to the gross injustice, and are plainly
adequate to its exposure. Not the least,remark-
lakio circumstance about the speeches was their
absolute freedom. from all claptrap, personality,
and declamation., and their thorough business-like
character, notwithstanding that the eloquence of
some of them was, in the language of a Calcutta
merchant, " astc.unding." The speech of RAMGO-
PAUL, says the ar.Ame witness, " would have gained
breathless attent ion and thundering applause in
any country in Europe." What if this thoroughly-
informed man, brilliant speaker, and perfect
master of English, should come hither to instruct
British audiences I Sir CHARLES and Sir JAMES,
we imagine, would shrink into their proper di-
mensions, and India be no longer an unin-
teresting theme. Perhaps, however, he will
act more wisely to be the COBDEN of the Anti-

Leadenhall-street, League. It is perfectly certain

that an agitation under his guidance would be
conducted at once with consummate talent, and
with the best por3sible temper.
RAMGOPAIII, in the most dignified temper, and
happiest manner, attached with convincing argu-

ments almost ev€ ry thing Anti-Indian in the bill,
and the arguments by which it was defended. He
showed that opex ling Haileybury and Addiscombe
to competition naight indeed be a boon to the
English public, 'but that so long as they were re-
tained as the exclusive media of entering the cove-
nanted service, 'the hundred and fifty millions of
India would be shut out from the benefit. He

considered it impossible that any parent or guar-
dian could trumt his child to the wardship of
strangers, and iu an ungenial clime. He exposed
the error of excluding every native from the Le-

gislative Council, contending that no one but a
native could uruclerstand adequately the customs,
prejudices, and sentiments of the natives of the

country. To th,e most intelligent and observing
foreigner these would be the study of a lifetime.
R AMGOPAIIL denounced as a national disgrace the
charge made in, the House of Commons, on the

;estimony of Mr.. HALLIDAY, that the natives were
,00 jealous of each other's promotion to render such

promotion safe to the individual promoted. The
petson of whom the allegation was made came

forward himself to deny it utterly ! No charge

against the natives excited more indignation than

this. The same speaker showed that" giving the
natives a high dAsgree of education, and then slap-

ping the door of exclusion in their faces from the

higher prizes of the public service, was an anomaly

a itself, and a cruelty to them," and eloquently

exposed the tantalising effect of such a procedure.
The administration of justice was placed in the
light of truth and experience by one who lives
under it. We may say in brief, and that on the
testimony of a candid speaker who cordially wit-
nessed to the merits of individual magistrates,
that, as a system., the worst is true. The majority
of the lads, and even middle-aged magistrates, who,
without jury or
.permission to the parties to criti-
cise the evidence, try the cases of the more re-
spectable part of the community, are, througii
youth or ignoraince, incompetent for their work.
Respectable natives are tried in a style which, " if
attempted in En gland in a single instance, would
create a burst of indignation from one end of the
land to the other."

We think it clear that a new era is dawning on
India. Downing-4street incompetency and Leaden-
ball old ladies will not long be able to maintain

their ground agai ust the high ability and steady
agitation of their Hindoo superiors. Indian talent
must be conciliate 'd and employed, or India will

not long be ours..

The Earl and Cot intess Granville, after closing their
visit to Mr. and Lac ly Georgiana Fullerton, at Matcham
Park, proceeded c m a visit to the Marquis of Lans-
downe, at Bowood Park, Wilts. The noble Lord Pre-
sident of the Count cil is expected to return to London
early in the ensuing week.
hona
The
a visithjeu simansion
a 3seietonbne
voMf
the ro gm e iEs
aoorffl LDo
Inut,
sde
ioenodi
tnei r rya r
Lord and Lady G ough have arrived at Garron Tower,
di
d
14,0001. sequwaares
avvat

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