The Sun.
London, England, 1854-08-14 00:00:00

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.

"This place fills up an hiatus which the Crystal Palace leaves
wanting. Vocal and instrumental music of the first order, and a
display of fireworks which exceeds all imagination, are a fitting
close to a day at the Crystal Palace."
DANSON'S COLOSSAL PANORAMA of CHUSAN.
Splendid and Extensive Menagerie and Marine Aquariuna—Unri-
Tailed Military Band.

VOCAL and INSTRUMENTAL CONCERT,
in which Miss Poole, Miss Ransford, and Mr. Manvers sing
qever&L National and Patriotic Songs—All the Amusing Novelties
of the Gardens in succession, concluding with the " Feast of Lan-
terns," and a most ms;nitleent display of Fireworks by Southby.
Admission One Shilling. A splendid Pavilion for Dancing has been
erected.' Fdll Quadrille Band, &c.

A STLETS LOYAL A I.IP T HEAT RE.

Lessee and Manager, Mr. William Cooke.

Shortly will be produced, a Grand EQUESTRIAN BURLESQUE!

THIS EVENING,

THE COSSACKS; or, Viye la Franco.
After which, SCENES in the ARENA, invented and arranged by
Mr. William Cooke. Miss Emily Cooke, the wonder of the world,
will have the honour. of appearing. Grand Entree by 12 ladies. The
ilmon of England and France.
HERR CHRISTOFF, Premier Funambnle on the Tight Rope.

To conclude with the new Equestrian Ballet d'Actlon, by Mrs S.
G. Healey, called THE KNIGH r AND THE WATER LILY; or,
Lore among the Mermaids.
• Box-offlce open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W.
West.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Ts= DAT —Morning 47 min.elter 5 Evening 8 inin.aft. 6
'lt-Moaßow—Attorumg 29 onn.a.fter 6, Evening 50 min.aft. 6

TEE NvEATur.R.—scs °mai, AUG. 13.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SI:UDE.
72—highest since noon on Saturday.
59—lowest this morning and during tho night.
73 —this clay, at noon.

HoMETER, 29.91—falling.
WINO. S. to S.S.W.—Rather frosh, with heavy clouds
And sunshine.

AUGUST 14.
77 —l)Kest slnce nova yesterday.
63 iowe,t this raording and during the night.
71—this day at noon.

RA ROM ETER, 29'84.
WIND, S.W.—Light breeze and fine sunshiny weather.

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which England has received the earliest intelli-
gence of what is going on—not from their own
rulers, but from the French Minister for Foreign
Affairs. In this instance indeed, as in almost every
other connected with the Eastern question and
the Russian war which has thence supervened—
France has been just one step in advance as com-
pared with England—the French Government,
that is to say, has again, as so often before in
this matter, just by one important move antici-
pated the English Government.

Denied any explanation upon a subject of
vital importance such as that of the con-
ditions of a pacification, denied any expla-
nation upon this head by their own Cabinet,
the people of England are once more com-
pelled to look across the Channel for information.
As usual,. they obtain the desired intelligence from
the columns of the Moniteur. They learn from
the despatch already particularised, the despatch
of the 22d of July, the last masterly state paper
emanating from the pen of M. DROUYN DE
L'HUYS, what ARE, after all, these mysterious
Conditions of Peace which our own Ministers have
declared to be even beyond the reach of conjec-
ture, and which the Prime Minister of England,
indeed, has asserted must depend upon some such
alternative as the fall of St. Petersburg or the fall
of Constantinople.
M. DROUYN DE L'Huys has written thus plainly
upon the subject of these Conditions in his recent
communication to the BARON de BOURQUENEY.
He has observed :

" It may be said, I think, that the common interest of
Europe demands this :
" 1. That the protectorate exercised hitherto by the Imperial
Court of Russia over the principalities of Moldavia, Wallachia,
and Servia, shall cease in future, and that the privileges
accorded by the Sultans to those depen lent provinces of their
empire should, in virtue of an arrangement concluded with
the Sublime Porte, be placed under the collective guarantee of
the powers.
" 2. That the navigation of the mouths of the Danube should
be free from all obstruction, and subject to the application of
the principles consecrated by the acts of the Congress of
Vienna.

" 3. That the treaty of 13th July, 1814, should be revised by
agreement of the high contracting powers in an interest of
European equilibrium, and in the sense of a limitation of the
power of Russia in the Black Sea.

"4. That no power shall claim the right of exercising an
official protectorate over the subjects of the Sublime Porte, no
matter to what rite they belong, but that France, Austria,
Great Britain, Prussia, and Russia shall give their mutual con-
currence to obtain from the initiative of the Ottoman Govern-
ment the consecration and observance of the religious privi-
leges of the different religious communities, and turn to
account, in the reciprocal interest of their co-religionists, the
generous intentions manifested by his Majesty the Sultan,
without any infringement upon the dignity of his crown
resulting therefrom."

Those, then, are the conditions of Peace—
those are the concessions, upon the submission to
which by Russia, the Allies of Turkey would con-
sent to recognise the final restoration of tran-
quillity.

Candidly, let us say at once that we think them
a great deal too moderate.
It is true they include the opening up of the
navigation, both of the Black Sea and of the
mouths of the River Danube—besides refusing to
Russia henceforth any right whatever to interfere
with the authority exercised by the Sublime Porte
over its own subjects, as well as putting an end,
for once and for all, permanently to the absurdity
of a Muscovite Protectorate over the Prin-
cipalities.

But—not a word is said about the Crimea—
not a word about Circassia—not a word about
Finland. M. DROuYN DE L'Huys talks about
the mouths of the Danube, and about the freedom
of the Black Sea navigation, and about Servia,
and Moldavia, and Wallachia, but he writes not
a syllable about the enormous and lawless acqui-
sitions, rather let us call them by their right name,
the wholesale robberies from Sweden, from
Poland, and from Turkey—by the continued lack
of expiation for which by Russia the peace of
Europe must necessarily still be . perpetually
jeopardised.
Therefore, we conceive the conditioas for peace
marked out by the French Minister for Foreign
Affairs to be wholly inadequate. We believe in
our conscience that, if acted upon, they would
inevitably in the course of a few years' time from
the date of the nominal restoration of tranquillity,
prove to have been insufficient for the purpose for
which France and England have now for the first
time in the history of the two countries sent out,
in cordial alliance, their mighty combined arma-
ments.

Never was there so grand an opportunity as
the present for securing the permanent pacifica-
tion of Christendom, and for insuring, as far as
is at ail possible, humanly speaking, the steady
advance of the nations of the earth upon the path
of civilisation. GOD forbid that that magnificent
opportunity should be lost through any erroneous '
moderation or most mistaken magnanimity !
Together, England and France, with one blow
of their two-handed glaive, may sever the Gordian
knot of the Eastern Difficulty. Their cause is
good, their power is immense, their capacity to
exercise that power, if they list, is undoubted.
Let them strike—boldly--and by doing so they
can alone—and by doing so they will qffectually,
justify their claim to the glorious title of the
Champions of Christendom and Civilisation.

Her MAJESTY very properly alluded, in the
closing Speech of the Session, to the important
constitutional principle which gives the Repre-
sentatives of the people complete control over the
public purse, and which places all questions relat-
ing to the revenue and expenditure of the country
under their exclusive management, and even the
necessary charges incurred in the collection of that
revenue are now properly subjected to the same
authority. On this, the most important of all
their privileges, the [louse of Commons is natu-
rally peculiarly sensitive. It will allow no tam-
pering or interferenee with a " money bill," on
the part of either of the co-ordinate branches of
Parliament. The slightest alteration by the Lords,
although the improvement may be obviou.s—must
necessarily prove fatal to the amended measure.
It will, as a matter of course, be rejected, al-
though another bill, in which the wishes of the
Peers are attended to, may be introduced on the
following day. Nor is this excessive jea-
lousy extraordinary for it is that ex-
clusive privilege which constitutes the real
strength ,and power of the popular branch
of the Legislature, which makes the democratic
principle the predominant one in the British Con-
stitution.

It now,. however, appears that a Minister of
the Crown claims and exercises a power not merely
independent, but subversive of that constitutional
principle. The Chancellor of the Exchequer dis-
poses at his mere will and pleasure of funds
amounting to s'me THIRTY-FIVE MILLIONS OF
POUNDS STERLING, without acknowledging any
responsibility, or holding himself bound to render
any account whatsoever of his proceedings. He
is, it appears, at present the c 4 LEVIATHANJOBBER,"
whose dealings in selling out of one security and
buying into another amounted in the month of
June last to no less than 617,000/., and which
might have amounted to six or to sixteen mil-
lions—aye, even to the entire funds now placed
to the credit of the Savings Bank 4. We knew
not that there was so influential a " bear" on
the Stock Exchange. The " ursine" fraternity
must certainly feel highly honoured by the
rbeoco4Tiwtihoonse operationsofthedistingmuiussht pedmroedmucbeer
voet:ythimeir.
, portant results on the market. Can we wonder
that poor Mr. LAWLEY yielded to temptation ?
The only miracle is, that with such opportunities
for money-making he did
as to render him indiffernentt atcoquai r e
r,
rsouccohn
swoeisailltiph
or governorship at the antipodes, and to the
"transfer"—we suppose that is an unobjection-
able
thection-
able phrase—of his seat for Beverleyn to
youngest son of " the good and excellent" Pre-
mier, who appears, by the way, to have secured
a seat also for his eldest born by the exercise of
another piece of ministerial patronage ; not, of
course, from his own department, but from that
of one of his accommodating colleagues.
would, of course, be wrong tosayt hat, in the
It
appointment of the Hon. FRANCIS CHARLESi
LA 'MEV by the Colonial-office, or the more recent
one of the Hon. Admiral GORDON to a naval com-
mand, the Prime Minister anticipated any personal
benefit ; but virtue is its own reward, and
the securing seats for two of his sons within
a single month, is a piece of good fortune
that does not fall to the lot of many men, how-.1

ever exalted their station or unbounded their
wealth.

At present, this extraordinary power appears
to have been chiefly used for stock-jobbing pur-
poses by the Chancellor of the Exchequer on the
part of the nation. It appears that the Right
Honourable Gentleman has, of course, lost very
considerably under the operation. The cost of
the experiment for the conversion of the 3 per
Cents. has thus been materially enhanced by the
further operations. He has, however, as usual,
triumphantly demonstrated that he was correct in
his theory, although unfortunate in his practice,
and that a financial minister is quite correct in
reversing the ordinary principle, by buying in the
dearest and selling in the cheapest market. Mr.
GLADSTONE has, however, succeeded in proving a
little too much—with all deference to his organ,
which designated the mild and gentlemanly
remonstrance of Sir HENRY WILLOUGHBY as " a
stupid mare's nest ;"—he has shown the exceed-
ing danger of this unconstitutional power by a
Minister of the Crown. For by way of defence, by
way of showing that he did not apply the money thus
obtained in bolstering up his pet securities, and
" bulling" either Exchequer-bills or bonds, that
he ha„ been paying debts with the amount—satis-
fying the just claims of the Bank by liquidating
deficiency bills. These bills, it will be remem-
bered, were occasioned by tampering with the
National Debt, and the consequent reduction of
the Exchequer balances in the Bank. The pro-
ceeds of the sales were, therefore, so much money
taken from the public purse, without the assent
or, until Thursday, the knowledge of the House
of Commons. It was, probably, intended to con-
ceal the losses occasioned by the Stock-jobbing
operations of the Financial Minister. But, on
the same principle, the whole Thirty-five Millions
may at any time be taken for a less excusable
purpose. What an extraordinary and unconsti-
tutional power would this place in the hands of
the reigning Sovereign, in the event of any diffi-
culty with the Parliament. It is quite
clear that, if there were " Savings' Banks" in
the time of CHARLES 1., the Parliament
would not have triumphed, but the " right
divine" of the monarch would have been in the
ascendant.

We do not anticipate any unseemly contention
between our present most gracious QUEEN and
her devoted and loyal subjects. But there have
been such quarrels, and there may again be similar
ones, and we are certainly not disposed to part
with any of the constitutional guarantees for
national liberty by giving any Minister of the
Crown the uncontrolled dominion over funds to
the amount of nearly Thirty-five Millions of
Pounds Sterling. Nothing,. of course, can now
be done until next session, but we trust that no
time will then be lost in placing the Savings'
Banks funds in such a position that they cannot
be used without the assent of Parliament, either
for Stock-jobbing or less justifiable purposes.