The Sun.
London, England, 1854-03-16 00:00:00

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No. 19,1801

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MARCH 16, 1854.

Now ready at all the librarie., in 3 vole.,
A IRS. GORE'S NEW NOVEL,
"PROGItES:4 AND PREJUDICE."
"Aloof, with hermit eye, I scan
Thy present ‘'eedh of present man."—Coleridge.

TTNIVERSAL PROVIDENT LIFE
11...1 ASSURANCE, 52, King William•street, London-bridge.
LIFE ASSURANCE. Allowance in sickness.
EDWARD PUGH RAWSELL, Secretary.

! PREPARATIONS FOR WAR.

Sir Richard England and Sir De Lacy Evans have
been appointed to the command of divisions in the ex-
pedition to the East, which will include a division of
cavalry mustering 2,000 sabres, and placed under the
command of the Earl of Lucan, the Earl of Cardigan
commanding the light, and Colonel Scarlett the heavy
brigade.
A Queen's messenger arrived yesterday evening at
Portsmouth, from London, with despatches for Admiral
Corry. The Neptune and the Bulldog were ordered to
sail this morning at daylight. It is, however, doubtful
if they will be able to sail quite so early, as the Neptune
is to take 1,000 shells, and the Bulldog 200 shells on
beard.

Hurst and 131 ck, tt, Publ,shers, successors to Henry Colburn, 13,
Great Marl borough.strect.

A Queen's messenger left London for Constantinople
on Monday night with despatches. He was accom-
panied by Captain Nolan, of the 15th Hussars, who has
been sent out, commissioned by Government, to pur-
chase 1,000 horses for the use of our army. Captain
Nolan will be joined at Constantinople by an officer of
the commissariat.

On Tuesday the walls at the east end of the metropolis
were placarded with bills inviting seamen, able and ordi-
nary, artificers, stokers, and petty officers, to join her
Majesty's steam-frigate, Conflict, Captain John Foote,
now fitting out for the Baltic. Men joining are pro-
mised lots of prize money, good usage, and a crack at
the Russians. During the day the announcement
brought considerable numbers of seamen to the naval
rendezvous at Tower-hill, and the Crocodile tender, off
e Tower.

LIVERPOOL, MARCH 15.

Up to Tuesday evening last, the Bth and 17th cavalry
regiments alone had received official orders to prepare
'for active service. We can now confidently state that
the following cavalry force is under orders for the East :
—Light Dragoons-Bth, 11th, 13th, and 17th. Heavy
Dragoons-Ist, or Royal Dragoons, 6th Enniskillens,
4th and sth Dragoon Guards.
Two additional troops of horse artillery, with five
more companies, are preparing for embarkation.
The whole military force in the United Kingdom, in-
cluding all arms of the service, have been warned to hold
themselves in readiness for immediate service.

SOUTHAMPTON, MARCH 15.

By the arrival of the steamer Iberia, from Gibraltar,
we have the following information regarding the move-
ments of the steamers transporting the troops to the
East : —The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-
ship Himalaya which reached Gibraltar on the 4th inst.
in three days and a half from Plymouth, had been in
collision with the British brig Spring, from Odessa, with
wheat, bound to Cork, to the eastward of the Rock.
The Himalaya towed the damaged vessel into Gibraltar
Bay, where she was run aground and became water-
logged ; the crew were saved by a boat from her Ma-
jesty's ship Cruiser. The Himalaya received no damage,
and proceeded at 11 a.m. of the 4th for Malta. She
would probably reach that island on the evening of the
Bth inst.

The Manilla reached Gibraltar on the 3d instant, in
eight days and a half from Southampton, and cleared on
the sth for Malta, all well.
The screw steamer Emu, with the 33d Regiment on
board, passed the Straits of Gibraltar at 10 o'clock in
the morning of the 7th inst.
The 44th Regiment were preparing to embark at
Gibraltar for the East, by the steam-ship Orinoco, ex-
pected there in a few days.
We have received from our correspondent at Mar-
seilles news of the safe arrival at Malta of the Himalaya
on the Bth, of the Vulcan and Emu on the 11th, and of
the Manilla on the 12th—all with troops from England
to be employed in the East-.

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from the Belleisle hospital-ship to the Duke of Welling-
ton, 131, screw steam flag-ship of Vice-Admiral Sir Chas.
Napier, K.C.B. ; James Whicher (1846), recently serv-
ing at Greenwich Hospital, to the Belleisle.
Second Master Denton H. Speer, recently Acting
Master of the Serpent, 12, sloop, on the East India sta-
tion, to the Phoenix screw steam-sloop, at Woolwich.
Clerks' Assistants—Louis B. Chitty, to the Despe-
rate screw steam-ship, at Portsmouth ; Charles W.
Roadie, to the Royal George, 121 ; Ebenezer Way-
mouth, to the James Watt, 91, screw steam-ship, at
Devonport ; Alfred J. Boyton, to the Prince Regent,
90, at Portsmouth.

Naval Cadets—E. A. R. Lane, to the James Watt;
W. H. F. Pengelley, Thomas Eaton, Alexander Gran-
ville, and the Hon. James Charles Ellis, first appoint.
ments.

Six of the horse transport-ships have now arrived
from Deptford and been taken into the basin at 'Wool-
wich. The vessels that came down to-day are the City
of Carlisle, carrying the pendant of Lieutenant and
agent Richard Hoop (1840), and the Earl of Shaftes-
bury. The Hope steamer has also arrived, and is moored
alongside the coal hulk. The sailing ships are formed
into division .6 consisting of three ships in each, Lieu-
tenant Butler having the charge of the first division and
Lieutenant Hoop of the second division. No day has
as yet been finally fixed for shipping the horses.

The Royal mail steam-ship Niagara, Leitch comman-
der, returned this morning from Malta, whence she sailed
on the 6th inst. The voyage of the Niagara has been
performed in a very short space of time, having occupied
less than 20 days. She sailed from Liverpool on the
23d ult., and arrived at Malta at 3 p.m., on the 4th of
March, in a little over nine days. The disembarkation of
the troops commenced in about an hour after her arrival,
and was safely effected. She was coaled in an amazingly
short time, considering the limited facilities at hand, and
at three o'clock on the 6th, 48 hours after her arrrival,
she was again under weigh. At 9 a.m., on the 7th, she
passed the screw steamer Himalaya, with troops, 150
miles from Malta ; and during the next two days several
steamers were passed, but at too great a distance to dis-
tinguish their names. The Niagara arrived off the bar
at three o'clock this morning, where she had to wait
several hours for water. She is again under orders to
proceed to Malta, but the time of her departure has not
yet been fixed. There are now in this port no fewer
than six splendid ships being fitted out, by order of Go-
vernment, for the conveyance of troops from different
seaports in transitu to the seat of war in the East. The
names of the ships are—Star of the South (James Alex-
ander) ; Euchanga (James Johnson and Co.) ; Timandra
(Edward Oliver) ; Mary Ann (Edward Oliver) ; the Pa-
ramatta (Edward Oliver) ; and the Wilson Kennedy
(Edward Oliver). These vessels are being fitted out by
Messrs. John Magors and Co., of this port. The altera-
tions to be made are on a most extensive scale, and in every
way calculated for the convenience and comfort of the
troops, the sanitary regulations being particularly attended
to. The vessels are so fitted as to accommodate cavalry
and infantry regiments with berths, mess-rooms, appor-
tioned compartments for rank and file, stalls for horses,
&c. The whole work is under the superintendence of
the navy officers of the Deptford dockyard. What has
already been done in the fitting out of the Niagara and
Cambria steamers is a guarantee that Liverpool, not-
withstanding a prevailing feeling some time ago wrongly
entertained, is not behind London or Deptford in fitting
out ships for war service,

DUBLIN,
_MARca.IS.

Two troops of the Queen's Bays left the Royal Bar-
racks yesterday • one has proceeded to Monaghan, and
the other to Belfast. Lieutenant-Colonel Hastings
Doyle has received the appointment of Assistant-Ad-
jutant-General in one of the divisions of the expeditionary
army to Turkey. The 4th Royal Irish Dragoons, who are
on the roll for foreign service, have already commenced
moving from Dundalk. The first troop left on Monday
for Kilkenny ; a second followed yesterday morning for
Longford, and the head-quarters march on Monday next
for Ncwbridge, where they are to hold thentselves in
readiness for war service, when required.

[PRICE SD.

THE RUSSIAN WAR-THE TREATIES
IT MAY LEAD TO.

The history of Russia affords no precedent for any
such treaty as that which will probably be made at the
termina'ion of the hostilities now impending. Those
speculators will be mistaken who, judging of the Emperor
Nicholas by his predecessors, and unmindful of the pre-
sent peculiar condition of political relations upon the
Continent, have anticipated that the recent attempts at
negotiation would terminate in conformity with the uni-
form policy of Russia hitherto. That policy has been
departed from in the present case. The Czar has at
length set Europe at defiance, and deliberately plunged
into a war which must drain to the utmost the resources
of the empire, and utterly destroy her trade—a war,
therefore, the possibility of which had never been con-
templated by Russian diplomatists. Surely the shades
of his imperial ancestors will rise in judgment against
Nicholas, unless he can justify his conduct. And this does
not seem difficult. The time had arrived when, in ac-
cordance with the policy bequeathed to him by Peter the I
Great, Nicholas thought it his duty to take another slice
off Turkey. There has been comparatively little difficulty
in appropriating similar slices hitherto, and the Em-
peror is going through the customary formula, when his .
proceedings are most unexpectedly and unjustifiably
nipped in the bud by a combination of powers in
the west. If the contingency of a war with Europe has
never been anticipated by Russian autocrats, it is sim-
ply because the possibility of Europe combined against
Russian encroachment has never been contemplated by
them. If England and France were not now united, to
resist Russia, a treaty with Turkey might soon be made
upon conditions no less favourable to Russia than that
of Adrianople. But, to the dismay and astonishment of
the Emperor, the time for making treaties has arrived,
and he finds that it is utterly hopeless to drive a profit-
able bargain. He must choose between unconditional
surrender of the lands he has invaded and unmitigated
war ; and it becomes interesting to observe how he is
prepared to meet the contingency thus unexpectedly
forced upon him. It is evident that peace and tranquil-
lity form essential ingredients in a policy which incul-
cates wholesale territorial aggrandisement, for precisely
in proportion as the frontier line is advanced is the diffi-
culty of guarding it increased. This is apparent to a
remarkable degree in Russia.
From Norway to China the Russian frontier is entirely
composed of provinces which have been added to the em-
pire since the accession of Peter the Great. The result is
that the empire is encircled with a belt of disaffected coun-
try 5,000 miles in length, and varying in breadth from 300
to 1,000 miles, a barrier not to be depended upon, and
formed of every combustible materials—indeed, in time
of war a source of weakness rather than of strength,
and from which more is to he apprehended than from
those who come up to attack it. It is clear, therefore,
that war on a large scale formed no part of Peter's
policy. He did not recommend his imperial successors
to surround themselves with gunpowder for the purpose
of getting blown up, but rather by a slow process to
decompose and absorb the combustible elements, and
this in many provinces has almost been effected. It is
a work of time, and requires both external and internal
tranquillity ; and to engage in a general war is to undo
all that has been going on during some of the quieter
years of the last century, and energies which a long
course of oppression have almost crushed will again de-
velop themselves, for when the work of retribution once
begins it will be found that there is a heavy reckoning to
be paid. This is evidently a consideration of the ut-
most importance and worthy our gravest attention in
the pretent crisis as enabling us to perceive what points
on the frontier are most susceptible of attack, and
how far advantage may be taken of the impending
war to check the aggression of Russia in any particu-
lar direction in which it more nearly affects any one
of the contending Powers. Thus, though the progress of
Russia in the west is the origin of the present difference,
as tending to overthrow the balance of power in Europe,
it must not be forgotten that an opportunity is now
offered of thwarting for ever her designs in the East ;
in that quarter in which the interests of this country are
more closely affected. The Ottoman cause is at stake in
America, as well as in Wallachia, and I would venture
to suggest, that as troops are being now sent to Turkey,
it would be wise to act on the ffensive at once upon
the weakest parts of the Russian frontier, instead of
concentrating them near Constantinople • and, by
clearing the Transcaucasian Provinces and the Crimea
of Russian troops,. relieve Turkey of the defence of her
whole eastern frontier, which might then be safely com-
mitted to the care of Schamyl and his mountaineers ;
while a handful of troops at the Isthmus of Perecop
would hold the Crimea against any army which, after a
march of 500 miles over uninhabited steppe, might at-
tempt to take it. If we are to act at all, let us act with
energy, and effectively. Let us leave the Turks to fight
in. Turkey, but let us land our army at once in those
provinces of Russia where a disaffected population will

hail the advent of a hostile force, and the presence of an
invincible fleet will inspire them with fresh confidence,
and ii.duce that co-operation which may result in their
own freedom, and be instrumental in crowning our
own efforts with success.

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