The Sun.
London, England, 1854-10-02 00:00:00

oocupied by nearly 50,000 men, and " defended
by a numerous artillery of heavy calibre," was
stormed, and completely carried. The loss was
necessarily severe to the Allies. We have to
mourn for some 1,400 of our gallant officers
' and soldiers, killed or wounded ; while our
faithful and efficient allies, who had about an
equal number of men engaged, sustained a similar
loss. We cannot, of course, speak with any
degree of confidence of the Russian loss ; but, as a
defeated army, driven into " full retreat" (!), as
our Ambassador terms it, but which may be in-
terpreted "ignominious flight," must, in all
hzlman probability, have lost more than their
assailants. We may fairly estimate their losses
at a third more, or (in round terms) 4,200 ; so
that 7,000 .131011 DIVA have bled at the sanguine
conflict on the heights of Alma I

The later tidings do not absolutely come
from an official source, but there is every reason
to believethat they are authentic. One has received
a quasi official sanction, being communicated from
the French Consul at Bucharest to the Minister
of France for Foreign Affairs. This announces
the FALL OF SEBASTOPOL (!) on the 25th ultimo.
The time which this important intelligence
has been conveyed appears unusually short. But
the extraordinary speed has been fully explained.
The account was obtained by the French steamer
proceeding to Varna, which met another en, route
from the Crimea to Constantinople, bearing de-
spatches to the Ambassador. It was also declared
that the fleet and munitions of war had fallen
into the hands of the Allies, and that the garrison
had surrendered themselves as prisoners of war.

We may, therefore, lend an easy credence to the
other telegraphic despatches from Vienna, which
announce another severe battle in the plain of
Kelautai, in the Kartcha, terminating in the total
defeat of the Russians, and their pursuit to their
very entrenchments before Sebastopol. This
victory, closely followed up, might have led to the
auspicious event which it is our pleasing duty to
aniOUTICC—THE CAPTURE OF SEBASTOPOL AND OF
THE RUSSIAN FLRET AND STORES, AND WITH IT
THE TOTAL DESTRUCTION OF THE POWER OF THE
AUTOCRAT IN THE EI:MINE, AND WE MAY ADD IN
THE CAUCASIAN DISTRICTS.

Sebastopol has fallen ! Two glorious victories
had preiriously been obtained ! ! The heights of
Alma and Kartcha had witnessed the prowess of
the Allied Forces, and the total incompetency of
Russian serfs to contend with the elite of the
French and English armies. The victories on
each occasion were as rapid as they were deci-
sive, and a few hours sufficed to overthrow the
'Sower and humble the pride of the AUTOCRAT.
Within ten days the IMPREGNABLE FORTRESS, the
boasted fleet of theEmmaon, surrendered to the in-
vaders. The garrison preferred becoming prisoners
to being permitted to march forth with all the ho-
nours ! The ships were not destroyed, but trans-
ferred in serviceable condition to the assailants.
There was no appearance of the devotion or self-im-
molation that was demanded by the leaders. In
place of rising en, masse, to resist invaders, the
population displayed the utmost enthusiasm in
their cause, and not only brought in ample sup-
plies, but volunteered their own personal services.
The Russian soldiers and sailors were willing
rather to lay down their arms and trust
to the mercy of a generous enemy than to brave
the anger of their infuriated master ! What a
commentary does this offer on despotic, or go-
vernment by fear rather than by love. Perhaps
not even the victors themselves rejoiced more
heartily at their brilliant success than those who
may date their freedom and emancipation from the
auspicious events of a single week. _ _

Having referred in a preceding article to these
auspicious and almost miraculous events we shall
not here enter into any of the details. We shall only,
while rendering all the honour to Him from whom
all gleries proceed, remind our readers that the
triumph has been dearly purchased that many
thousands of those who have so faithfully dis-
charged the duty they owed to their Fatherland
have perished in the fearful conflict ; that thou-
sands of destitute widows and orphans will have
to deplore the " glorious victories in the
Crimea." How, then, can we better testify
our gratitude to the "LORD OF HOSTS" than by
seeking, to the utmost of our power, to alle-
viate the sufferings and temper the affliction
of those who have lost not merely protectors but
providers, whose tears must damp the general joy.
There are few, indeed, who may not spare some-
thing as a thankoffering for the safety of friends,
or for the other mercies vouchsafed by the AL-
MIGHTY. What more glorious or more suitable
monument can be offered to the memory of the
brave who gloriously perished in the Crimea than
a comfortable provision for their families, for those
who depended on their exertions for tke necessaries
of life. It -would be a disgrace to England if it per-
mitted the relicts of these gallant men to endure the
privations incidental to poverty. It would be as
impolitic as it would be shameful to do so, for
nothing encourages the living soldier so much as
a just appreciation of the services of his less for-
tunate comrades, and a transfer of the rewards to
which they are entitled to their surviving relatives.
Our first duty, then, is to the widows and
orphans of the dead. Tke next, to see that the
sacrifice has not been made in vain. They were
the victims of the indomitable pride and grasping
cupidity of a single despot. Thousands and tens ,
of thousands have perished, whose blood rests on
his shoulders. Be it our care so to " pare the
claws of the bear" that he can have no further
power to menace hiS neighbours and to disturb
the peace of Europe. His power in the Black Sea
is broken. He must not be allowed to repair theloss.
He is no longer master of the Crimea. He must
never again be so. We owe it to the inhabitants
who received us with so much enthusiasm to
save them from the bear's hug that they will re-
ceive if his troops are again permitted to enter
into the Peninsula. Bessarabia, too, must be
restored to Turkey, and the perfect independence
of Georgia and Circassia restored. The victories
we have achieved will render Austria complaisant,
and Prussia yielding, but what we have gained by
an enormous expenditure of blood and treasure
is not to be surrendered to diplomatic wiles. We
shall give Austria and Prussia all they have
earned, and that is " nothing." Should
NICHOLAS remain pereversely obstinate, he
will have to surrender far more than may
at present be required. He will find his unjust
acquisitions clipped in the west as well as in the
east. He may lose Finland as well as the Crimea,
and Courland and Livonia may share the fate of
Bessarabia and Georgia.

THE CoUra.—According to present arrangements, her
Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, with
the elder members of the Royal family, will remain at
Balmoral until the 12th instant, when the Court will
remove to Windsor Castle.
Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge
and Princess Mary
Knowsley, to honour the Earl and
leave CaMbridgc-cottage, Kew, on
Saturday next, for
Countess of Derby with their company for several days.
The noble Earl and Countess have invited a distinguished
circle to meet the Royal Duchess and Princess.
His Excellency
the Prussian Minister and the Countess
Bernstorff and family are expected to return to the
Prussian Legation, at the close of the week, from
Brighton.
The Duke and Duchess of Cleveland are entertaining
a succession of visitors at Raby Castle, Durham.
The Duke and Duchess of Northumberland leave
Alnwick Castle about the middle of the week for Stan-
wick-park, Yorkshire, where their graces remain a
month, and then return to the former seat for the winter.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Clauricarde and
the Ladies de Burgh, are not expected at the family
mansion, in Carlton House in Carlton House Terrace,
from Ireland, Wore the 'close of the month.

DEPARTURE OF A NEW CAVALRY
CORPS FOR TBE CRIMEA.

On Saturday evening, nearly 100 men, the greater
part of a new cavalry corps, destined for special service
in the East, embarked at Hungerford Pier, on their way
to Woolwich, from whence they are to sail this day for
Gibraltar, in a vessel called the Joseph Shepherd. They
are designated the Mounted Staff Corps, and consist of men
selected for their intelligence and good conduct from the
Irish police and constabulary force, principally, and also
from the metropolitan police. They all appeared to be
men in the very prime of life, above the average height,
and to be possessed of great muscular energy. They are
accompanied by Major Grant, their commanding-officer.
Captain Baynes, the two subalterns—namely, Cornets
Budgen and Hunton. Their appearance was novel and
picturesque, and their embarkation attracted a consider.
able crowd of spectators in the vicinity of the market
and pier at Hungerford. They were dressed in the
new regimental tunic, which is a short red frock coat,
without epaulettes, tastefully ornamented back and front
' with black braid, and in which the ease and comfort have
been as much consulted as the elegance of the wearer.
The head-dress consisted of a strong black felt hat, resem-
bling an ordinary helmet in shape, and encased or set
in an open work of brass, in which both taste and dura-
bility were combined. They wore black or dark blue
pantaloons, lined for about six inches round the bottom
and up the inside of the leg with leather. They were
each armed with a sword, and, what gave additional
novelty to their ensemble, a Colt's revolver, which they
carried in a neat black leather case on the left side.
They will join their horses at Gibraltar. Several young
women had followed in their wake to the place of em-
barkation, some of whom, and one in particular, evinced
considerable emotion as the moment of separation ar-
rived. inlam

THE SHERIFF'S .TIVA.UGU.R.ATIO2

DINNER.

The usual banquet given by the sheriffs on the day
of their inauguration took place on Saturday, at the
London Tavern. It was one of those displays of gold
and silver plate, rich viands, and rare wines, for which
the establishment is famous, and which was made under
♦ery favourable circumstances, as the London Tavern
has just been thoroughly cleaned, painted, and reno-
vated, and has a very cheerful and pleasant appearance.
Mr. Alderman and Sheriff Muggeridge and Mr. Sheriff
Crosley presided together, and were supported by the
Ccrsitor Baron, the Right Hon. G. Bankes, M.P., the
Lord Mayor elect (Mr. Alderman Moon), Aldermen
Farncomb, Sir J. Musgrove, Salomons, Sir R. W. Car-
den, Wire, Carter, Kennedy, and Rose ; the Recorder,
Sir James Duke, and Mr. Masterman, members for the
City? Serjeant Merewether, and most of the corporate
officers (including Mr. Harker, the toastmaster), Mr.
Frederick Farrar, and Mr. Alex. Crosley, under-
sheriffs, and 250 private friends of the sheriffs.
As soon as the loving cup had passed round, and the
usual loyal toasts responded to, the Lord Mayor came
forward and announced that he had just received a
letter from the Duke of Newcastle, recording the vic-
tory in the Crimea. His lordship then read the letter.
The most intense excitement followed, every one rose,
some stood on the chairs, a few on the tables, the cheer-
ing was reiterated again and again, and the waving of
handkerchiefs and clattering of glasses was immense.
As soon as silence was obtained the Lord Mayor read
the Gazette Extraordinary containing the telegraphic
despatches received by the Duke of Newcastle, and
which appear in another part of our impression.
The cheers were then renewed if possible more vocife-
rously than before. " Rule Britannia" was played by
the band, sung by the vocalists accompanied by a full
chorus from the assembled company, and it was some
time before their tumultuous expressions of satisfaction
subsided.

The company separated about 11 o'clock.
The excitement caused by the news cf the victory in
the Crimea broke in considerably on the formal pro-
eeedings of the evening ; and while it decidedly added
to the liveliness and hilarity of the occasion had rather
the effect of throwing the speech-making into the shade.

The marriage of Arthur Macnamara, Esq., of Cad.
dington Hall, Hertfordshire, with the Lady Sophia Hare,
third daughter of the Earl and Countess of Listowel, was
solemnised at Convamore, comity of Cork, the seat of
the noble earl, on the 28th inst., by the Rev. Nicholas
Wilton, rector of Kilbriu. The ceremony was performed
in the presence of a select circle of relatives and friends,
and his lordship's tenants celebrated the happy event by
festivities which were prolonged to a late hour in the
evening.
The Earl and Countess of Ellesmere are entertaining
a distinguished circle of friends at Worsley Hall, Lan-
cashire.

Lady Molesworth has arrived at Taymouth Castle, on
a visit to the Marquis and Marchioness of Breadalbane,
from Inverary Castle, the seat of the Duke of Argyll.
Sir William Molesworth has returned to town to resume
his official duties.
RUMOURED DIFFERENCES WITH AMERICA.—A corres-
pondent of the independence Beige, under date Paris,
Sept. 28, says :—" There is an on dit here respecting a
joint note sent by France and England to the Cabinet
of Washington, requiring explanation of the engage-
ments entered into between the United States and Rus-
sia, especially with respect to the nature and conditions
of an acquisition said to be made (by the Government of
the Union) of Russian possessions situated at the most
northern extremity of America."
IMPORTANT, IF TRUE.—The German Journal of Frank-
fort, under date of Vienna 25th, says :—" We are
enabled to announce that the English cabinet has made
overtures on the subject of a revision of the protocol of
London relative to the Danish succession, and that this
question will form an important part in the future nego-
tiations for peace. It is positively stated that the
cabinet of Vienna will not offer any opposition to the
revision of the protocol, which was drawn up completely
in the interest of Russia."
COLLISIONS ON THE LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN
RAILWAY.—During yesterday, and the preceding day,
three collisions occurred on the above railway. In the
first case a coal train came into collision with an up
excursion train, from Birmingham, near the Weedon
Station. A great many passengers received contusions
and wounds, but none of the carriages, or the trucks of
the coal train, sustained any serious damage. The se-
cond collision took place between one and two o'clock
yesterday morning, at King's Langley, resulting, it is to
be regretted, in serious consequences. The third colli-
sion took place between seven and eight o'clock yester-
day morning, at Kilmun station. A West London coal
train was shunting across the line to leave some trucks
in a siding, when a goods train was on its way up to
Camden, and in consequence of the heavy fog ran into
the tail of the coal train, causing another block of the
line ; but with this exception and inconvenience, we are
informed that no serious results were the consequence.
The line was soon cleared, and the traffic throughout
yesterday continued as usual.
It is understood that the circumstances connected with
the mysterious disappearance of Mr. Henry Astrop from
Louth, as also copies of the extraordinary letters ad-
dressed to lei= by Catholic priests, are to be embodied
in a petition to be presented to the House of Commons
at the opening of the next session. The Catholic body
do not recognise the marriage, but consider it null, as
Mr. Astrop had previously dedicated himself to the
priesthood. The law of England does not recognise the
priests' vow as superior to the marriage vow, and the
marriage vow only is held to be legally obligatory in this
co nn try. —Stamfreel Mercury.
THE HARVEST IN NORTHUMBERLAND.—NEWCASTLE-
ON-TYNE, September 28.—The exceedingly fine warm
breezy weather that we have had since Monday has
given the farmers a splendid opportunity to gather in
the patches of spring wheat and oats which have been
rather behind in ripening. The harvest is nearly all
carted into the stackyards, and the crops are sound and
beautiful, and a good average. Some fine showers of
rain last weeklhave greatly improved the green crops.
The month of September, which is new expiring, has
been the finest we have had for many years. We have
had beautiful westerly winds and lofty clear skies, which
haye not only benefited the farmer, and caused a boun-
tiful harvest of the fruits of the earth, but has, in the
mercy of Providence, to all human perceptions, pre-
served our town from the dreadful malady which last
year carried death and desolation into the bosoms of hun-
dreds of our families.
IS FRIDAY AN UNLUCKY DAY.—From time imme-
merial Friday has been frowned upon as a day of ill
omen ; and, though fhe prejudice is less prevalent now
than it has been of yore, when superstition had general
sway, yet there are many in this matter-of-fact of ours
who would hesitate on a day so suspicious to begin an
undertaking of momentous import. And how many
ir
fury
n esoraf 11
she;
oihrnOos e
eFersind hearts Friday
n y u
home,
But,qu would a i
t no g
blanch coul d m
show
with
tee t
bhehvteehwne
bravebweinl dde s ttmhf mariners,
much reason this feeling is indulged, let us examine the
t in d
ll
ses r
cs a
na connection on nha netgodieveeni
scent
choilooi
fasvna
discovered
reseidctwande
to
hwu
eri
fatal newsee
i
day :—On Friday, August 21, 1492, Christopher Co-
hsf (eel
wlt el
ew ue
littlegn emsa npu :der "g
rwnee ta
tAnf aemes
Friday,Flurmi
dbauys:
JsailedOctober
roy n41h,2,1i. 54194g39r,2e
lie sailed
es vafiiolryesdat
returnovlsetnroydipaloOinno,
which, if he had not reached in safety, the happy result
would never have been known which led to the settle-
ment of this vast continent. On Friday, March 15,
1493, he arrived at Palos in safety. On Friday, No-
vember 22, 1493, ho arrived at Hispaniola, on his second
voyage to America. On Friday, Jnne 13, 1494, he,
though unknown to himself, discovered the continent of
America. On Friday, March 5, 1496, Henry VII., of
England gage to John Cabot his commission, which led to
the discovery of North America. This is the first Ame-
rican state paper in England. On Friday, September
7, 1565, Melendez founded St. Augustine, the oldest
town in the United States by more than 40 years. On
Friday, November 10, 1620, the Mayflower, with the
Pilgrims, made the harbour of Province Town, and on
the same day they signed that august compact, the fore-
runner of our present glorious constitution. On Friday,
December 22, 1620, the Pilgrims made their final land-
ing at Plymouth Rock. On Friday, February 22,
George Washington, the father of American freedom,
was born. On Friday, June 16, Bunkerhill was seized
and fortified. On Friday, October 7, 1777, the sur-
render of Saratoga was made, which had such power
and influence in inducing France to declare for our cause.
On Friday, October 19, 1781, the surrender at York-
town, the crowning glory of the American arms, oc-
curred. On Friday, July 7, 1776, the motion in Con-
gress was made by John Adams, seconded by Richard
Henry Lee, that the States Colonies were, and of right
ought to be free and independent. Thus, by numerous
examples, we see that, however it may be with foreini
nations, Americans need never dread to becri. „
Fri-
day any undertaking, however meseetttbui it e.--
L Norfolk (United States) Beacon.