The Sun.
London, England, 1854-10-19 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 19, 1854,.

were throwing up earthworks round the southern '
quarters of the town—a small redoubt had also
been erected to the east, which will have to be
reduced before a regular onslaught can be
made to storm the city. Meanwhile, the
British are not idle. They are actively
pushing on the works against the town,
which, however, were scarcely so far ad-
vanced as we had anticipated. If, however, there
were no unnecessary delays, they might be in
readiness to commence in good earnest within a
few days after the despatch of the 3d hist.
A comparatively small party only can labour
simultaneously—some three or four thousand at
the utmost—who can carry on the engineering
operations. The remainder of the army must
necessarily remain idle. Now, after leaving an
ample force to protect the gallant fellows work-
ing in the trenches, quite sufficient might be
spared to attack and rout MMISCHIKOFF and
his demoralised and disheartened troops. As we
suggested yesterday, we therefore consider it by
no means improbable that we may hear of another
battle and another -victory before we can announce
the capture, or even the bombardment, of Sebas-
topol.

ROYAL OLYMPIC THEITRE
Lessee and Manager. Mr. A. Wigan.

THIS EVENING, OCT. 19,
Will be performed A MATCH IN THE DIRK. Principal chi %-
meters by Mr. A.. Wigan, and Mire Fitzpatrick.
To t,e followed by a Farce, called A BLIGHTED BEnTaa in
which Mr. Robson will appear.
To conclude with TO OBLIGE BENSON.

The melancholy catalogue of those who perished
in the fearful struggle on the Alma, who freely
shed their blood iu one of the most brilliant ex-
ploits ever recorded in the pages of history, has
just been published. Poor fellows !—their names
will be recorded in the national archives, as men
who faithfully and efficiently discharged the ar-
duous and important duties confided to their
ARTLEY'S ROYAL AMPUITTIFIATit'% hands, and an irresistible claim is established on
Lessee and Manager, Mr. William cook.• behalf of their mourning families—a claim that
Sll,rtly wll ho produced, a GRAN'D MILITARY SPECTACra , should. be discharged by an unanimous vote of
commemorative of present British Prowess. Four hundred ausilia
are enga4ed, and both the Stage and the King will ,ituultaneously- be the Imperial Parliament, and not by charitable
employed in the representation of this Great National Ilippodranaes
THIS EVENING, 'contributions. The protection of those who have
TUE WOOIY.IAN'S HORSE; or, THE FAL9E KNIGHT.
th, ) lost their protectors in the bloody strife
A:ier which, a rarity of graph's and b SCENES in

STRAND THEATRE.

le Lessee Mr. F. W. Altenet.

THIN EVENING, Oct. 19,

win be performed SWEETREART3 AND WIVES.

After which. TUE NEW WAGS OF WINDSOR.
renewed by FAU.:T AND MARGUERITE. Mephlstophelee
Mr. lisatord; Faust, Miss G. Hodson; Margartte, Miss U. Gorden

45.; Boxes, 24. ; Pit, L*.; Caliery, Gd.; Private
.£1 Is oau had of litr. Ai:croft, 13, New 130m:-street.

To cenclndo Ivitlt a G ?AND F..IIII.ILInIATIC'Ar. ENTRE' ,E of
and Rance, wiva a nurn!xer and Patriotic b#_age

a national debt. As such, it should be treater

A suitable maintenance should be secured to those

T
Itax-oaks open from F.leven till Four. Stage Manager, •.d r. W
West. Acting Manager. Mr. W. It. Cooke. Eque,trian .L.).recter

rendered destitute by the victory that was hailed
with such rapturous enthusiasm, such boundless

N.:". Wm. Cuolce,

joy, by the community at large. It should he
guaranteed by Act of Parliament to the widows
and orphans of the mighty dead. The widows
and orphans of the soldiers are as well entitled to
such payment as those of commissioned officers to
Itheir pensions.

HI o WATSR AT LONDON BRiJ

Tis •".)...,r —Morning 12 ,ni2l.aft,:•7 12 1 Eveninr 37; min.art. 22
To osaLw • Mrrnint... 52 ,it",n.r.fto: 12 tveni_4s, 3

777AT11X Or?is Om 19.
TRIIIYInIIZTER, i r TH'I
53 41.4turst smcc neon yesterday.
42 4,w,!st this moruing and during the night.
49 —this day at noon.
BaROMETRB, 29.84—a rise of more than half an inch
since yesterday morning.
Light, with fine sunshiny cold
weather.

Voluntary contributions, however creditable to
the liberal donors, should not be looked to for the
moans of liquidating this imperative demand.
They may be granted as additional rewards, but
not as payment of the debt, and in such case they
should be bestowed after the claim has been
satisfied, and a suitable Parliamentary provision
been made for the widows and orphans.
At present the contributors to the Patriotic
Fund are not giving to the widows and orphans

THE "COMING" CAPTITM

SEBASTOPOL

of the soldiers who perished, or who may here-
after perish, on the field of battle, or by disease
during the war. They are giving to Mr. GLAD-
STONE—subscribing to the Consolidated Fund !
Let what will he said, this is the fair practical
view of the subject. The nation is required not
merely to meet all the heavy expenses of the war,

WILL BE PUBLISHED IN AN

EXTRAORDINARY

but to raise a present capital sufficient to provide
annuities for the parties justly entitled during
their lives, the principal whereof will at their
deaths fall into the Exchequer. Indeed the
principal will at once be appropriated, and pen-
sions granted in return, and probably not so high
in amount as would be bestowed if there had been
no such subscription lists opened.
It is au ingenious device, a very plausible
dodge, indeed—worthy of Mr. Jonx DAWKINS
himself. But we trust that the public will take
full time for consideration, and not fall into the
trap in the excitement of feeling occasioned by
admiration for those who have fallen, and sym-
pathy with the afflicted mourners. Britannia will

protect the" widows and orphans of the brave,

She will not suffer them to feel the want of hus•

band or fathers so far as money is concerned ;
she will not consign them to the tender mercies
of the Union Workhouse ; nor will she degrade
them into being objects of charity, as they will

be if dependent upon the so-called Patriotic Fund.
Parliament will be required to vote pensions, or
give considerable grants of money to some of the
Generals in the event of the capture of Sebasto-
pol and the successful termination of the campaign
in the Crimea. We may hear of a large vote of
money or a permanent pension to Lord RAGLAN
and his successors in the title he has so honourably
and fairly won. Be it so. It has been well

PRIVY COUNCIL.

Wninsolt, Oct. 18.—Her Majesty held a Privy Coun-
cil, at three o'clock this afternoon, at the Castle.
Present—His Royal Highness Prince Albert ; Lord
John Russell, Lord President ; the Earl of Aberdeen,
First Lord of the Treasury ; the Marquis of Lansdowne ;
Viscount Palmerston, Secretary of State for the Home
Department ; the Duke of Newcastle, Secretary of
State for War ; the Right Hon. William E. Gladstone,
Chancellor of the Exchequer ; Sir James Graham, First
Lord of the Admiralty ; Sir Charles Wood, President
of the Board of Control ; Sir William Molesworth, First
Commissioner of Public Works ; Earl Granville, Chan-
cellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ; the Duke of Welling-
ton, Master of the Horse ; and Lord Ernest Bruce, Vice-
Chamberlain (officiating for the Lord Chamberlain).
The Earl of Aberdeen and Lord John Russell had
audiences of the Queen.
At the Council, Parliament was ordered to be further
prorogued from Thursday, the 19th inst., unto the 16th
of November.
Her Majesty having been pleased to appoint Thomas
Lloyd, Esq., to be Lord-Lieutenant of the county of
Cardigan, Mr. Lloyd took the usual oaths.
Mr. C. Greville was the Clerk of the Council in
waiting.
The Duke of Newcastle, the Marquis of Lansdowne,
and Sir James Graham bad audiences of the Queen after
the Council.
Lord Waterpark and Mr. J. R. Ormsby Gore were
the Lord and Groom in waiting.

merited ; and, doubtless, further claims will be
established by the gallant officer before the meet-
ing of Parliament. But Ministers would not ven-
ture to degrade him, by sending round the begging-
box cn his behalf. The debt due by the nation
should be recognised by the national assembly.
The Representatives of the British people should
acknowledge the debt they owe to the successful
General, otherwise it would not and ought not to
be accepted by the Noble Lord. A public sub-
scription might be raised as an accessary to, but not
as a substitute, for the Parliamentary grant. The
case of the widows and crphans is exactly similar,
and should meet with similar treatment. But, as
we have stated, they are to be degraded into mere
mendicants, that a certain charge might be kept
off the Consolidated Fund, and that Mr. GLAD-
STONE might get a large sum of money into his
hands—the money value of certain annuities
which should be granted whether the money was
raised or not. Let there be no mistake on this
point. As we have pointed out, the Patriotic
Fund, although nominally for soldiers' widows
and orphans, is not really so. It is for the Ex-
chequer. Let the People of England say whether,
after paying increased taxes, they will devote
their surplus funds to such a purpose. Let the
working men know to what they are applying
the days' wages so generally asked for. If they
wish to give it, well and good ; but let them do it
with their eyes open, and not be deceived by
false pretences.
" Posterity " owes much to Mr. GLADSTONE.
On the eve of the war he denuded the Exchequer
of its balances to pay off eight millions of a debt
contracted last century. He proclaimed the
principle that the present generation were to meet
all the expenses of the war commenced, to save
posterity from the reckless ambition of the AUTO-
CRAT—to prevent him fromnow cwareryainrog
roeugtutiesdintio-
quitous projects ; and
save them from any charge on account of the
widows and orphans of thebraveThs may be
imenwho
perished in fighting their battles.
all very right ; but it does not appear;eooipe to
in our
humble judgment, and we wish the
understand
theirt the
hard-earned eoca se before they
part w

MEDICAL ASSISTANTS FOR THE ARMY.

TO THE EDITOR OF TgE SUN•
SlR,—Sinco additional medical assistance is now so
much required both in the navy and army, allow me,
through the medium of your excellent columns, to sug-
gest that medical pupils, who have not walked the hos-
pitals, but who have served three years of their appren-
ticeship with a legally qualified
practitioner, should be
eligible to enter either service, at a small salary, to dis-
pense medicines and to assist in operations, or in any-
thing which might be necessary.
Should this be adopted, I myself am one, and I know
who would volunteer.—.l am, Sir, your
obedient ALFRED WRIGHT.
Regent-street, October 18, 1854.
many
others,
servant,

ATEST NEWS.

SIEGE OF SEBASTOPOL.

PARTS, THURSDAY MORNING, OCT. 19.

system of transports in this expedition. The disem
barking of the troops in Kalamita Bay without any
except that of half a dozen horses, gave al-
ready a proof what the mechanical skill f our days
is able to perform. The landing of the siege train
is another marvellous instance of it. 60 guns of the
heaviest metal, besides mortars of every description,
have been landed within the last few days, and are
proceeding towards the lines. Balaklava is a place
admirably adapted for this undertaking. Protected
from wind and weather by the surrounding heights,
and having deep waterquite close to the shore, there
are none of the difficulties to contend with which
are usually to be encountered in such enterprises.
But, as nothing is perfect under the sun, the Bay
of Balaklava has also a disadvantage, and that is
of being rather too narrow, so that there is some
difficulty in towing in the transports, and, besides
this, only a limited number of ships can find room,
the rest must wait outside the entrance until the
others are cleared. This would be a serious matter
were it not for the beautiful weather, for there is
very indifferent anchorage outside, the vessels being
obliged to anchor at 30 to 40 fathoms.
For this reason the French have chosen another
place for landing their siege train, namely : Arrow
Bay, Kanneish Bay, and another close to Cape
Chersonesus. As they are to form, this time, the
left wing, near the sea, they save distance.
This morning, the Simla, Trent, and Jason ar-
rived from Varna at Balaklava, bringing with them
the heavy cavalry, about a thousand horses ; they
were separated from the other transports in a gale
of wind. Two little steamers, the Brenda and
Minna, have been employed during the whole day
in landing the horses. This is no inconsiderable
reinforcement, and it is only to be regretted that
they could not be present in the battle of the Alma.
As the troops are gradually drawing nearer to
Sebastopol, in order not to leave Balaklava. ex-
posed, 1,000 marines have been landed from dif-
ferent ships, and pitched their camp on the hills
commanding the bay. They have cut the road on
the east side, and thrown up some earthworks.
The position is easily defended by infantry, and it
shows how little the Russians were aware of the
movement of the allied troops, and the changing
of their front, that they left such an impor-
tant position comparatively unprotected. Be-
sides securing an excellent landing place for
the siege train, the possession of Balaklava makes
the allied troops masters of the ground about
Sebastopol, which slopes down gradually towards
the town.
OCT. 2.—There has.been for several days a talk
of a naval division being formed to act on shore,
but, in consequence of the dislike to violent mea-
sures imputed to Admiral Dundas, no one gave
credit to the report. This morning, however, the
Firebrand steamed into Balaklava with 1,000
sailor. They are drafts from the different sailing
vessels, and aro put under the orders of Captain
Lush ington of the Albion. They were immediately
disembarked, and began dragging up the guns of
the Diamond, with which they are going to act
during the siege. I never saw men doing hard
work more merrily. It reminded me of school-
boys during play-time. They seemed to be de-
lighted at having escaped the paralysing influence
afloat, which hail condemned them hitherto to in-
activity, and appeared elated by the idea that they
would have something to do with the taking of
Sebastoptl, an idea which most of the crews of the
sailing-vessels have nearly given up.

The Moniteur announces that the Minister of
War has
-®d despatches from the General of
the army
East, of the 3d October.
riv
ine ce
the

The two arxnies were established in excellent

military positions. ,

The French armr will take the left in the
attacks from the sea to the Southern Fort. The
English will take theirs' from the Southern Fort

to Inkerman.

The French array is divided into two corps.
The 3d and 4th divisions, under General Ferey,
will undertake the siege ; the Ist and 2d divi-
visions, under General Bosquet, will form the
corps of observation and reserve.

The English army has made analogous arrange-

ments.

These arrangements leave no doubt of the issue

of the siege.

Deserters say that the Russian army is demo-
ralised. Their loss at Alma was 8,000.

CONSTANTINOPLE, OCT. 9.
(Yid TRIESTE, OCT. 18.)

The bombardment was to commence on the Bth.
The fire of the Allied fleets was to be carried on

by night, and that of the land batteries by day.
It was said that a council of war of the Allied

generals had resolved not to prevent the entrance
into Sebastopol of the 15,000 Russians who had

arrived from Perecop.

The besiegers have 254 battering guns in posi
tion, including those furnished by the fleet.

The attack was to commence from very favour•

able ground on the south. The besieging army
consisted of 116,000 men ; the garrison of

34,000, of whom 20,000 were available for
The force at Bakshi-Serai was more

sorties.

;ban 30,000, who were awaiting reinforcements

The Allies had 140 battering guns, and 120 field
pieces. Mensehikoff had begun to change his

:root.

VIENNA, WEDNESDAY EVENING.
Up to the 10th, nothing of importance had oc.
curred in the Crimea.

According to the Soldaten, Freund, Prince
Menschikoff left 20,000 men in Sebastopol, and
entrusted the command of the army there to

General Chomutoff.

He left on the Ist for Perekop, where three
Infantry divisions, three Cavalry divisions, and
eight Cossack regiments had been concentrated.

On the 7th Prince Menschikoff left Perekop
with reinforcements, and it was expected that,

with the reinforcements advancing from Kherson,
the Russian army would, on the 20th, be 76,000

strong.

The northern forts of Sebastopol, and no

Bakchiserai, now form the base of the Russian

operations.

We have received from our correspondent at
Vienna a despatch dated yesterday evening, which
says that the Constantinople mail of the 9th, via
Trieste, brings no news of any importance.

THE CRIMEA.

PRINCE PASKIEWITCH'S OPINION OF

SEBASTOPOL.

The Kalisch correspondent of the Lloyd writes
that even those persons who believe Sebastopol will
successfully resist all the efforts of the allies, ac-
knowledge that the latter have lost no time in
making their preparations for the siege. Prince
Paskiewitch is said to have declared, that in his
opinion Sebastopol must be taken within six weeks
from the day of the landing in the Crimea, or that
the siege will be raised by the reinforced Russian
army.

RUSSIAN STEAMERS IN SEBASTOPOL.
According to the Soldaten Freund, of the 3d
inst., several Russian steamers in the harbour of
Sebastopol made an attempt to escape from thence,
and almost succeeded, for the first had rounded the
northern point of the harbour, near Fort Constan-
tine, when it was seen and fired upon by a steamer
of the blockading squadron. The alarm thus given,
the Russian steamers turned tail, and returned to
the inner harbour. A communication from Odessa
in the Fremden Blatt says that two steamers have
escaped from Sebastopol to Cherson.

STRENGTH. OF THE GARRISON.
The Vienna Lloyd says there are but 34,000
men to garrison Sebastopol. The garrison is evi-
dently
to weak, because it has not made a single
sortieattack the works of the besiegers. The
French General who directed the siege o Rome, is
charged with the conduct of the siege works.

An Odessa letter of the sth says that since the
Ist inst. no reinforcements had advanced into the
Crimea from the north ; but Menschikoff awaits
some from Feodosia, and no doubt they have already
arrived from thence ; and up to the 30th no new
offensive movement against the allies had been con-
templated. The news which reaches Odessa from
the seat of war is very scanty, and the dearth of
intelligence is considered by the inhabitants as very
ominous. The proverb is reversed in Russia.
There it is, "No news is bad news." The battle
on the Alma was celebrated at Odessa as a victory,
but very few believed in its reality.
The Fremden Blatt has it from an incontrover-
tible source that, at the councils of war held at
Varna, Admiral Hamelin strenuously supported
the landing of the expedition at Balaklava, and
epposed all other views. Hamelin's plan was
overruled; nevertheless he adhered to it, and de-
manded that it should be recorded in the minutes
as his especial proposition. This journal also learns
that the Czar has appointed Prince Menschikoff
commander-in-chief of the whole of the army of
the south, independently of Prince Paskiewitch ;
which, if correct, is a very important piece of in-
formation, as it enables the operations of the Rus-
sian army in Bessarabia to be carried out with
much more facility and quickness, when unshackled
by the authority of a superior.

RUMOUR OF ANOTHER ENGAGEMENT.
MALTA, Oct. 12.—A Malta correspondent says :
—" A French officer who i 3 on his road to Mar-
seilles told me that he had heard, just as he left
Constantinople, that an action had been fought
between a division of the Russian army and the
Light division of the English, and it ended in the
loss of 2,000 men on the side of the English. I give
you this as his report, but I cannot vouch for the
truth, as we have no letters from the seat of war."
—[This requires confirmation.]
Eight steamers have been freighted at Marseilles
for the conveyance of reinforcements to the East.
One of them, the Byzantine, is to sail on the 25th
for Balaklava. Several frigates are also expected
at Marseilles from Toulon with the same object.
The Government has ordered 25,000 men to be
shipped for the East, but only 12,000 are to be im-
mediately embarked. 6,000 are to be supplied by
the camp of the south, and the remainder by the
nearest garrisons. The effective force of all the
' cavalry regiments now serving in the East is to be
completed.
5,000 French cavalry have left Constantinople
for the army, and were expected to arrive in the
Crimea about the 30th.
General Espinasse had arrived at Constantinople
on the 4th, and left the same day for the Crimea.

THE BRITISH EXPEDITION.

FROM THE FLEET OFF BALABLAVA, OCTOBBR 1.

The sailing squadron under the orders of Admiral
Dundas is preparing in silent quaker-like medita-
tions for things to come. The Arrow and the
Terrible only hover about Sebastopol, while the rest
of the steam squadron under Admiral Lyons's
superintendence are at work from early morning
until late at night to get the siege train and artillery
stores disembarked. Today is Sunday, and yet the
crews are busy towing the ponderous barges in and
out, and all this is done with the best will possible,
and with so great success, that it is confidently
expected the guns will be able to open their fire in
a very few days ; beside the siege train the tents
are likewise gradually landed. It is high time that
it should be so, for the cholera still continues to
make fearful ravages. In the hospital at 13alaklava
numbers are daily dying, and we can scarcely pass
before the wall surrounding it, without seeing one
or more corpses lying about and waiting to be
buried ; and all these men belong only to the regi-
ments encamping close to the place, or are strag-
glers of the Light Division. Fatigue, grapes in
abundance, and exposure to the damp at night,
are sufficient to account for the increased mor-
tality.

Vie greatest difficulty in relieving the hardships
to be endured arises from the scarcity of the means
of transport, as the necessary number of horses and
mules could not be brought over, and the arabas
of the country are by no means so numerous as
could be wished. The officers have, of course, to
bear the consequences of this want just as much as
the men ; and strange, indeed, are the contrivances
adopted to remove the difficulty ; not only vehicles
of every description, but also hlrscs anal mules of
every
shape and quality, must do duty.
Notwithstanding all these petite lniseres, every
one must be struck with the grandeur of the whole