The Sun.
London, England, 1854-05-22 00:00:00

CONDITIONS OF PEACE.

4 LLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE.-
Messrs. S. ALLSOPP and SONS beg to inform the TRADE
oat they are now registering orders for the Match Brewings of
heir PALE ALE, in Casks of 18 Gallons and upwards, at the
brewery, Burton-on-Trent ; and at the undermentioned Branch
Establishments:—
LONDON, at 61, King William-street, City;
LIVERPOOL, at Cook-street;
MANCHESTER, at Docie-place;
DUDLEY, at the Burnt Tree;
GLASGOW, at 115, St. Vincent. street;
DUBLIN, at I. Crampton-quay ;
BIRM INGII AM, at Market Ball;
SOUTH WALES, at 13, King-street, Bristol.
Messrs. ALLSOPP and SONS take the opportunity of announcing
to Private Families that their Ales, so strongly recommended by the
medical profession. may be procured in Draught and Bott:es Genuine
from all the most respectable Licensed Victuallers, on "ALL,,OPP'S
PALE A LE" being specially asked for.
When In bottle, the genuineness of the label cim be ascertained by
having "ALLSOPP and SONS" written across it.

I FVENTS of a RACE.—An ANTICIPATION of
DERBY DIY —Custom has induced thousands
tiot callthe themselves sportsmen to visit Epsom on the Derby Daywho ;do a
vast sum will be staked on the race ; but immense numbers will take
a trip to the iiowns to see the company and enjoy the pleasures of a
country excursion. The events of such a day are long talked of, an i
everybody knows how everybody else were dres.ed. For a number
of years E. MO3E.'S and sON havemade the most extensive arrange-
ments to supply all classes with the most suitable Attire for th,
Derby Day, and have fully entered into the contest of fu nishing every
article better and cheaper than any other house in the world. Daily
events show that they always win the race in the most triumplia t
manner, and have prepared everyone to anticipate all the novelties
and comfor sof Attire for everyone sn and occasion. In novelties
and
of the Derby D y, as a season of pleasure, every person, sports-
man or not, shou'd inspect the splendid stock of Dress prepared by
E. Moses and son pit will resist sun and dust, look elegant and feel
comfortable, and may be obtained at their City Establishment, or
their West-end Branch, fof considerably less money than might be
paid elsewhere.
The Hat, Cap, Hosiery, and Boot and Shoe Departments are the
receptacle,: of a Magnificent Stock, all new, illustratng the of
all countries, and the experience and enterprise of E `Moses and son
in th-ir selection.
The Wholesale Department contains the largest and most select
stock of Clothing, Boots and Shoes, Shirts, Bsc. for the home or ex-
port trade, and furnishes advantages in quality and price entirely
unprecedented.
Outfits for all classes of Emigrants, Ladies and Gentlemen, full
lists of which may be had on application or post free.
CAUTION.
ISearnoN
earegthtab
reatt thaeviunngtrtaodegnsmaardn4tihkee
Jublic st impo
fitlsehoodagai onf " Beinsition,g connected with their Eslishment,'' or " It's
he same concern," has been resorted to in many instances, and for
ibvious reasons, they beg to state that they have
to CONNEXION WITS ANT OTHER HOUSE IN OIL OUT OF LONDON,
except their own Establishments, as follows :
London City Establishment, 154, 155. 156, and 15commu7, Minories, 84
85, and 86, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all nicati
Oxford-streng.
1,2,
London West-end Branch, 506,507, 508, New et,
and 3, Hart-street, all communicating.
Bradford (Yorkshire) Branch, 19 and 20, Bridge-Street.
Sheffield Branch, 36. Versate.
Colonial Branch, Melbourne, Australia.
Merchant ratio., Clothiers, Batters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and
Shoe
Makers, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen.
exchanged
trOgoße
mdT IMPORTANT.—Should
desired,n Sohaoubold any article not give satisfaction, it will be
ar,teifmpernetfeefarnedb,etbmeadme.oney will be returned
price,ch
without hesitation. All goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest
onzanZewicsißtaiwbsli,shments are closed from sunset on Fridays to onset
when business is resumed till 12 o'clock.
contaoinki, wiB.ltfuhlilllluisststratoitonp-ir,iceenst,itloeudr"sTyshteemEcehto osfelPf.amblieacsOurpei:
thl'ardiomAre Almanac for the
mnicoAnn
—e" may be had application, or post-free.
ilier i)eutsch. year ending 1854 can be had, gratis
n application.
lat I'on parle Francais. Qui si parla Italian°.
Anus se habla if.stiano.

FIRE AT MESSRS. BEVING(TON'S ORGAN FACTORY,
SOHO.—Yesterday (Sunday) afternoon,
in Rose-yard, noon, shortly after one
building
Bevington and
o'clock, a fire broke out in
a )
Rose-
street, Soho square, occupied b
Sons, organ
liok
organ p builders,insoliand pvi
Mr. Liutratsosn, music printer, and
wholesale oil and
colourrnen. In the course of a few minutes after the
fhrB n
dC
othersr o wn -
alarm was sounded, the Brigade engine
Crown-
street attended, followed by that of thea•
from Wells-street, Holborn, Chandos-street, King-street,
Golden-square, that of the West of England o
another from Watling-street, bringing with theee, and
Braidwood, the superintendent ; Mr. Staples, themfl‘olrer.-
man of the C district ; Mr. Connorton, the principal
officer of the West of England Insurance Company
a4and
Messrs. Fleming and Girand, engineers of the Brigade.
The firemen kept pouring torrents of water upon thee.
fire, but nearly two hours elapsed before the coufla r
tion could be extinguished. As to its origin no inforgmaa-
ition could b® obtained. Fortunately, Messrs. Belting.-
ton are insured in the County lire-cace.

( Front the Examiner.
The Czar Alexander was the founder and mainstay of
the Holy Alliance. He was also the great gainer by it.
That institution was a contract between the Bourbons,
eachllaP s
obtuhregrh sw,
tllh
torhoeonpzso lalge
ar
ns
s, t a
tnioll e Ra
po mp
raenhoeffos ,e
dt o
eaffsosri
ts
st
of their respective subjects to obtain any mitigation of
the bad government which it was the purpose of each to
establish and carry on in his own dominions. It was a
mutual assurance of one another against what they called
revolution. The institution worked with apparent success
for some time. Everywhere was established a system
interests
nf
te
rgovernmentestsand feelings
for the proof tfihte oftn atth ruling
man
ye
were
e very w
h eeverywhere
the
interests and feelings of the many were everywhere set
at nought. The Neapolitan and Spanish attempts at
amelioration were successively put down ; the most dis-
tinguished Italians were exiled, despoiled of their pro-
perty, imprisoned, tortured, and put to death ;
and the
Czars success against Turkey in 1829 appeared to
afford the opportunity for correcting the only mis-
take which the leaders in the Congress of 1815
imagined they had made, in permitting a govern-
ment having a constitutional form to be established
in France. Consequently, in 1830, Charles the Tenth
proceeded to rectify this inconsistency. But he was
overthrown so very suddenly, and at such a late period
of the year, that the Czar's intervention before the
spring was an impossibility. We learn, however, from
the papers seized at Warsaw, that on the 10th of
August, 1830, the day on which he rceived the news
from Paris, he gave orders for everything to be got
ready for a march southward in spring—but England
recognising the new order of things in France without a
moment's hesitation, and this encouraging the Poles to
strike for their independence in the ensuing September,
the Holy Alliance failed at this critical moment in
yielding the fruits expected from it.
The advantage which the Czar reaped from the insti-
titution of this alliance was altogether different in kind
from th# obtained by his copartners in it. Its military
guarantee 'was of the utmost value to the Haps-
tnargiahr-,ll4ensallerza„..—andßaukbotiii jakteause_the4.,
systems of government were not founded on the in-
terests or feelings of their subjects, but involved the
constant violation of them ; while the Russian
system is adapted to the national character and
wants of the Russians, who, barbarous and oriental,
neither desire nor have any idea of change in it.
Thus, while the Czar's guarantee to the other members
of the alliance was of great value to them, theirs was of
no value whatever to him, from his not being in a condi-
tion to need it. This circumstance made him the real
political master of the Continent up to the revolution of
1830, and has kept him the master of Germany ever
since. He became a necessity.
The Holy Alliance advanced the scheme which Peter
the Great devised for his successors in the Czarship,
more effectively than even his testament indicated.
Th t was, that his successors should bend their un-
ceasing efforts to foment constant divisions between
the great Powers of the Continent, and then, as
occasions offered, should league themselves first with
one for extinguishing and absorbing a second, then
with another to extinguish and absorb a third, and by
this process should finally throw the whole weight of
Germany, Turkey, and Russia upon France, and over-
whelm it. But the Czar Alexander, keeping this policy
in the back-ground for the moment, inveigled the Ger-
man Powers and France into establishing, each in its own
territory, a division between themselves and their own
subjects, which rendered them quite powerless to oppose
his future proceedings. We see, by Pozzo di Borgo's ex-
traordinary letter of the 28th November, 1828, that
Charles the Tenth supported the Czar's attack on Turkey
in the conviction that its success would enable him to
overthrow the French Chambers, and re-establish
the ancient regime ; that Austria was so paralysed
by her system in Italy, Hungary, &c., that with all her
vast army she would not dare active opposition ; and
that therefore the " malice" (that is the word used)
of M. de Metternich might safely be despised. In
short, the inaccessibility of the Russian system to
overthrow for the frequent strangling of a Czar
leaves the system itself untouched, perhaps strengthens
it—and the 'danger of internal overthrow to all the
other systems, made the Czar, in his position of a
member of the Holy Alliance, the arbiter, indeed the
Lord, of the other Sovereigns. " Remember," said
Uistiieus, of Miletus, to the lonian Princes assembled
to decide upon the proposal of Miltiades to break down
;he bridge over the Danube, and, by consigning Darius
and his whole army to destruction, to insure the inde-
pendence of lonia and Greece ; " remember that weare
,mly enabled to maintain our positions as Princes in our
respective territories, against the universal aversion of
our subjects, by the Power of Persia, and that in over-
throwing that we shall overthrow ourselves." The re-
lative positions of the Czar and the Continental Princes
under the Holy Alliance is precisely similar to this.
We have thus indicated the political effects of the
Congress of Vienna and the Holy Alliance, in order to
obtain a clearer view of what our object should be in the
present war. We are spending blood and treasure to
purchase peace and security for the future. Peace may
now very easily be obtained, that is nominally. For
the Czar counted on establishing division between
France and England ; and had either England at first,
or Louis Napoleon afterwards, listened to his insidious
proposals, he would certainly be now at Constantinople.
But he still further miscalculated in believing a French
and English alliance unattainable. Doubly disappointed,
his reaching Constantinople is now hopeless ; and his
cemaining in tl.e Principalities, with a hostile fleet and
army capable of operating on his rear, impossible. He
is becoming sensible of all this, and must wish to abridge
the spectacle of his humiliating impotence in the Baltic.
He will do in the beginning, and at once, what he sees
lie must do in the end, and will lose no time in offering
terms. This is what we have always expected, when
once we should begin in earnest to test the over-esti-
mated power of Russia.
It is also what we dread. Being convinced that the re-
duction of the power of Russia is an indispensable condition
of the development of European civilisation and happiness,
we dread any cessation of war that shall leave her with the
means of influencing either Germany or France. She
stands now before the bar of civilisation the triumphant
perpetrator of acts which must be reversed, before the
Germans, the French, and the English can find any
moral anchorage for a stable peace in Europe. The
successful extinction of one great member of the
European body, and the successful mutilation of another
are deeds that will for ever prevent any settlement of
European affairs until they are annulled. Peace until
lately was only the child of exhaustion, now it is be-
coming the moral want of humanity ; but we can never
possess that feeling of confidence which is prerequisite
for its attainment, as long as we witness that brutal and
treacherous triumph of might over right which the pre-
sent condition of Poland and Finland offers to the bewil-
dered belief in Divine justice. There may be English
statesmen disposed eagerly to snap at the Czar's offers,
and there may be a cessation of war for the moment, but
in the present stage of the European mind nothing can
be permanent but what is just, and a cessation of war
before justice is satisfied will only lead to a con-
tinual and miserable struggle, which must terminate
a few years hence either in the triumph of Rus-
sian barbarism and the retrogradation of civilisation
throughout Europe, or in a renewal of that war which
we have now begun, and which we shall have been un-
wise enough not to bring to such a close as justice and
policy alike dictated. This it is fully in our power (we
speak of France and England conjunctively) now to
compass.
This, therefore, ought to be our object. No
peace, until Russia, reduced to her natural limits,
shall be left without the power of influencing Euro-
pean affairs. We have shown how
PkTevorruavieroen of
interference
is the
estimate which has been formed of the power of Russia,
nor would the delusion ever have arisen but for the
circumstance to which we have just pointed attention,
and of which it was not an unnatural result. For the
mass in every country saw their rulers admitting by sub-
serviency and flattery their own relative weakness, and
looking to Russia with hope and fear, as if she were
absolutely strong. This arose from their being univer-
sally at variance with their subjects, and thus sensible of
their domestic weakness, while the Czar alone, govern.
ing in harmony with the feelings of the barbarians over
whom he rules, was strong at home. The elements
of her real strength for aggressive purposes might have
9
yt
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aBed 2asihtBs
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yon the 21
more. the nullity of Russian power and the reality of its
weakness will be fully established ; and the Czar, disap-
pointed in the division between France and England
on which ho counted, finding Austria inclining against
him, seeing himself deprived of these artificial supports
and reduced to his own intrinsic resources, will hasten
by offering concessions to prevent that exposure of his
real weakness now so near at hand. The plausible
ground on which he will place himself is already indi-
cated ; and unfortunate predilections for a quasi-return
to the " Settlement" of 1815 will favour his attempt,
and tend to defraud civilisation and humanity of the
prospects opening before them. But nothing now can
be a "settlement" of Europe which is not bottomed
on concession to the acknowledged wants and inte-
rests of mankind in the various territories into which
Europe is divided. The partitioning out of Europe
among a score of regal families, and adjusting the shares
allotted to each, never could, and never can be a settle-
ment ; and were it not the misfortune of mankind to
confound ability with wisdom, they would have derided
the arrangements of Vienna in the beginning, not-
withstanding the men who combined their powers to
produce them. However able, they were anything but
wise or long-sighted.
While we write we see news alleged to be authentic,
and which affords a remarkable fact in confirmation of
the view we take of the Holy Alliance. Austria has
suddenly relaxed her tyranny in Hungary and elsewhere.
If this be confirmed, we shall take for granted that she
means to take part with the allies at last. Deciding to
oppose the Czar, she loses his external guarantee, and
feels immediately and instinctively that she can provide
a substitute in good government DolOne.