The Sun.
London, England, 1854-10-02 00:00:00

•

LONDON, MONDAY' EVENING, OCTOBER 2, 1854.

,-'4FFICIAL DESPATCHES
,
FROM
CANERAL LORD RAGLAN.

L
[FROM A SIIELLEXENT TO FRIDAY'S GAZETTE.]
fo
DONNING-STREET, SEPT. 30.
'Two despatches, of which the following are an extract
and a copy, have been received by the Duke of Newcastle
from General Lord Raglan, G.C.B. :
Extract of a Despatch from General Lord Raglan, G.C.8.,
to the Duke of Newcastle.
Varna., Aug. 29, 1854.
.The embarkation is proceeding rapidly and successfully,
thanks to the slat; arrangements of Rear-Admiral Sir
Edmond Lyons,- And. the unceasing exertions of the office. s
and men under his orders. It is impossible for me to ex-
press in adepiate terms my sense of the value of the assis•
tance the Army under my command derives from the
Royal Navy.
The Same faeling prevails froin the highest to the lowest ;
.from Vice-Admiral pandas to the youngest .sailor, an
ardent desire io co-operate by every possible means is mani-
rest throughout; and I amproud of being associated with
‘en who are animated by such a spirit, and are so entirely
voted to the service of their-oountry.

Camp above Old Fort .131 y, Sept. 18, 1854.
My Lord Dnke,l do myself-the honour to acquaint
wur Grace, that the combined fleets and their convoys
peared in the Bay of Eupatoria on the 13th inst., and to
to course of the following night proceeded some miles in
ai stintiiwCrd; -whim Allied Armies commenced dis-
3mbarking early in the ,•moreing of the. 14th,--the
French in the Bay below Old Fort, the English in the next
Bay nearer to Eupatoria—and before dark the whole of
the British Infantry, and some Artillery, and most of the
French troops, were on shore.
Shortly before dark the weather unfortunately changed,
and it became hazardous to attempt to continue landing

either troops or guns.
The surf on the beach impeded the operation the follow-
ing morning, and since on more than one occasion ; but
thanks to the great exertions of the navy, under the able
and active superintendence of Rear-Admiral Sir Edmund
Lyons, who was charged with the whole arrangement,
every obstacle has been overcome, and I am now enabled
to report to your Grace that the disembarkations have been
completed.
I should not do justice to my own feelings, or to those
of the troops I have the honour to command, if I did not
prominently bring to the knowledge• of your Grace the
deep sense entertained by all of the invaluable services
rendered by her Majesty's navy. .

The spirit by which both officers and men were ani-
mated made them regardless of danger, of fatigue, and
indeed of every consideration but that of performing an
arduous and important duty ; and that duty they dis-
charged to the admiration of all who had the good fortune
to witness their unceasing efforts to land horses and car-
riages, with the utmost expedition and safety, under fre-
quently the most trying circumstances.—l have, &c.
(Signed) RAGMAN.
His Grace the Duke of Newcastle, &c.

the French fleet to sail ; Admiral Duudas
made the same signal to the English fleet. The two
squadrons were taken in tow by the steamers. Your
Excellency can scarcely imagine that such a manceuvre,
rendered so difficult by the crowding 61250 ships which
composed the combined fleets, could be effected without
accidents and even serious damage ; and yet, thanks to
the skill of the French and English captains, none oc-
curred.

At 7 a.m. the Ville de Paris anchored at the post as-
signed to it ; the rest• of the squadron followed the ex-
ample without delay, every frigate showing the greatest
alacrity in discharging the part assigned 'to it in the
order No. 339) which I bad the honour to transmit to
your Excellency. I now transmit the journal kept from
hour to hour by First Aide•de-camp Lieutenant Gar
naud. BY glancing over •it your Excellency will see
that the-directions of ,this order, were almost literally
carried into execution:

Though no enemy was seen on shore, I deemed it ad-
visable to cause four barges of our three-deckers, armed
with guns and congreve rockets, to anchor immediately
south of the landing-place. I also ,sent a frigate and
two swift steanien to cover the landing of the troops in
Case the enenNy should appear.
. The moment these arrangements for covering the
landing bad been made, g a quarter past 8 I ordered
the operation to be begun. All the various descriptions
of boats, filled with soldiers, principally of the Ist divi-
sion, pulled for the shore, where the French flag was
already floating, General Canrobert and• Admiral Bonet-
Willaumez having planted three lags to mark where-,
each division was to land.
It is now hale-past eight, and the landing QE the French
troops with their field artillery continues uninterruptedly,
and with prodigious activity:
I transmit to your Excellency a sketch, which may
convey some notion of the scene on the beach.
It is now 91 a.m., and the disembarkation of the Eng-
lish troops is in active progress. A cannonade is heard
in the direction of the Bartcha, three leagues to the south
of where we are. It is a falsa attack made by five
French frigates or steam corvettes, having troops of the
4th division on board, and three English frigates.

Half-past 12 Noon.—The three divisions and 18 guns
are on shore—that is to say, almost the whole of our
French troops. Every effort is being made, by my
orders, to get ashore a squadron of spahis, the rest of
the field of artillery, and the horses of the staff. The
marshal, who has -superintended all these movements (:.1
the deck of the Ville de Paris, will then disembark with
his staff.

It is night, the Fourth Division has arrived from the
Kartcha. To-morrow morning it will be set on shore,
with the Turkish troops, although the surf which the
west wind causes to break on the shore interposes great
difficulties. The French and English troops are estab-
lished in position between Old Fort and the point
marked on the map which I transmit to your Excellency.
To-day we complete the landing of the horses and
stores requisite for the army on its march along shore
towards Sebastopol. It will probably start to-morrow,
and I will follow with nine ships of the line and as many
frigates and steamers. The rest of the squadron
returns to Varna to embark 9,000 men and 900 horses.
It is probable that the combined army will have its first
combat with the enemy at the passage of the Alma, and
its first battle at the passage of the Balbek. I will
support the operations of the army with the artillery of
our vessels.

There were no Russian soldiers at Eupatoria, and the
town surrendered at discretion. I have stationed the
Jena there to make sure of water for the squadron. .

MARSHAL ST. AI?NAUD'S DESPATCHES.

The French Minister of War has received from
the Marshal Commander-in-Chief of the Army of
the East the following report on the debarkation
of the Allied troops in the Crimea :
At the Bivouac, Old Fort, Sept. 16, 1854.

Monsieur le Mar4uhal,—l have the honour to. con-
firm to you my telegraphic despatch, dated this day.
Our landing was effected on the 14th, in the most for-
tunate state, and without a sign of the enemy's
presence. The moral impression produced on
the troops has been excellent, and it was to
the cry of " Vive l'Empereur " that they stepped
on land and took possession of their bivouacs. We are
encamped on the steppes, where . water and wood are
scarce. The necessity of effecting a landing, difficult and
complicated beyond all that can be said respecting it,
opposed by a sea-breeze that often rendered the beach
inaccessible, has detained us until this day in these bad
bivouacs. lat first wished to occupy Eupatoria, the
roadstead of which, only wide enough for two ships to
anchor abreast, is the sole refuge open to us along
this difficult coast. But I found the feeling of
the inhabitants so accommodating that I felt
satisfied with establishing there a naval station and
some agents, who are charged with collecting the re
sources that may be found there.
The Tartars begin to come to the camp; they are very
gentle, very inoffensive, and appear to sympathise much
witliour enterprise. I hope we shall obtain from them
cattle and' vehicles. I carefully cause them to be paid for
whatever resources they offer us, and I neglect nothing
to render them favourable. This is a very important
point.

On the whole, our situation is good, and the future
presents itself with guarantees of success that in the
outset appear very solid. The troops are full of confi-
dence. The passage, the disembarkation, were assuredly
two of the most formidable eventualities presented by
an enterprise without precedent, taking into considera-
tion the distances, the season, the innumerable uncer-
tainties surrounding it. I consider that the enemy who
allows such a storm to gather only a few leagues from
him without doing anything to dissipate it at its origin
is getting into an awkward situation, the least incon-
venience of which is to seem to be struck powerless in
the eyes of the population.
I have'the honour to enclose to you the order of the
day I caused to be read to the troops at the moment of
disembarkation.

Deign to receive, M. to Marechal, the expression of
my very respectful sentiments.

The Marshal Commander-in• Chief,
A. DE ST. ARNAUD.

GENERAL ORDER.

Sept. 14, during the landing on the coast of tho
Crimea.

Soldiers,—You have been seeking the enemy five
months. Ho is at last before you, and we are going to
show him our eagles. Prepare to undergo the fatigues
and privations of a campaign that will be difficult but
short, and will raise in the face of Europe the reputation
of the army of the East to a level with the highest mili-
tary glories of history.
You will not permit the soldiers of the Allied armies,
your companions in arms, to surpass you in vigour and
firmness before the enemy, in fortitude during the trials
that await you.
You will remember that we do not wage war against
the peaceful inhabitants of the Crimea, whose feelings are
disposed in our favour, and who, reassured by our
discipline, by the respect we shall show towards their
religion, their customs, and persons, will not fail to
come to us.

Soldiers, at this moment, when you plant your colours
on the land of the Crimea, you are the hope of France ;
and in a few days you will be its boast. Vive
l'Empereur !
The Marshal Commander-in-Chief.
ST. A.RNAIJP.

THE NOTTINGHAM BREAD RlOTS.—Saturday Even-
in.—The magistrates were engaged for upwards of six
hours to-day in the examination of the remaining wit:
nesses against Mr. Bonser, who, with his servant,
William White, is charged with shooting certain wo-
men and children on the occasion of the recent bread
riots in the town.

A CENTENARIAN.—A few days ago the remains of
John Battle were buried in the old parish churchyard,
Trowbridge, Wiltshire. He had reached the advanced
age of 103.

-COLLECTION Or AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS.—SeveraI
boards of guardians in the West Riding, comprised in
Mr. Manwaring's district as poor law inspector (13 in
number), with one exception, have nominated statistical
committees, and appointed classifiers and enumerators to
carry out this measure.—Doneasterrazette.
[A.DvEunsEmENT.]--Holloway's Ointment and Pills
have cured an ulcerated arm.—Mr. Robert Gregg. jun.,
of Clerkeeland, Clowes, Ireland, was sorely afflicted
with a severe gathering in his armpit, which discharged
very copiously for nearly three yoars ; another wound
also broke out in his shoulder. His father felt alarmed,
having consulted the most eminent surgeons to no pur-
pose, while his son continued to waste away. At this
juncture a friend advised a trial of Holloway's pills and
ointment, which was made, and, in six weeks, they per-
fectly cured him. He is now getting fat and hale, and,
to use his own expression, as strong as a horse. Sold by
all Druggists, and at Professor Holloway's Establish-
runts, 214, stra ,u, London,

LIT

,

tinßulaatcikonwooofdl—heThairatienluesmboenr psep‘ e
R B.
uscuwlaittOirsthae:onng-
the Stars." Part IL of this • series undertakes to
set forward the argumthits maintaining the exist-
ence of a plurality of worlds. Tile writer, however,/
evidently inclines to the opposing doctrine. -In-'
deed, he is scarcely just in the method "of his
arrangement, as he put forward Dr. Whewell's
views without any contradiction, white Sir David
Brewster's he continually contrasts with those of
his opponent. The article is 'evidently the work,
of one who has studied the subject, which is one
eminently calculated to attract'. and occupy the
highest intellects. At the s.amOitne, the decision
Oild.animosity evinced by the'liolders of antago-
nistic opinions on a point on wjalch, after all, cer-
tainty is impossible, may vrellinstify the author's
quotation from John 'Wesley, Be not so positive,
especially with regard to things which are neither
easy nor necessary .to be determined." The ;next
article.comes like a hint to the disputants that the
world we know is more than we can manage. It
is entitled "ling. Otho and his Classic Kin_gdom,!,'.,
and takes an almost despairing view of the per-
verse and incapable sovereign, and the vain and
degraddd people. It isnnfortunate that the grand
old names and meinories that the nation-IAM che-
rishes should not exercise on them a more elevating
influence. The writer coincides in the gene:,
ral opinion, by observing that " the political
morality of King Otho,.in his foreign as in. his in-
ternal affairs, deserves the severest condemnation."
A. -Paper on " Civilisation and the Census," after
propounding the perplexing question of " What is
Civilisation," indignantly objects to the right of the
dreat Busybody, as it-calls
.a census commission,
to pry, into private affairs. " A Russian- Remi-
niscence' is Ilie'.acconfit of an old
had been assistant-surgeon in the French army in
1812. .The horrors of that campaign, or rather of
the retreat, are here vividly portrayed. It is fol-
lowed by one of the most interesting articles in the
Magazine, which is called, " Records of the Past—
Nineveb and Babylon." After some introductory
remarks on the vast expanse of ancient history, its
scope, its influence, and its fascination, the writer
' goes on to regret that the task has hitherto been so
inadequately performed :

" Let, then, some Newton or Humboldt of history—
some one who grudges not a lifetime of genius to the
task, and to whom Providence may give length of days,
—let such an one take up the theme of those old nations.
By the might of his graphic pen let him evoke them and
their crumbled empires from the dust, and place them in
their pristine glory before the eye of the reader. Let
him paint the people, the land in which they dwelt, the
temples in which they worshipped ;—let him glance with
graphic touch over the leading points of their history, the
master-spirits who influenced, and the poets who adorned
it ;—let him depict the arts of life and the arts of beauty
which characterised them ; and, hardest task of all, let
him dive into the depths of their religion and philosophy
—not the fantastic crust of superstition, but the more
spiritual dogmas which lie below ; and, wasting but
little time upon what was false, set himself to eliminate
the true, and place it once more before the world."
After a summary of the chief nations of the
ancient world he goes on to give us an interesting
account of the rival cities of Nineveh and Babylon.
Remarking on the difference between the two old
empires of Assyria and Egypt, it is observed that
their character was symbolised by their different
styles of architecture, the Egyptians having built
with granite, and the Assyrians with alabaster and
painted brick. In both countries granite and other
stone existed in the mountains, but the Assyrians,
fond of ease and display, preferred the softer and
more attainable materials,while the Egyptians, de-
sirous of solidity and durability, sent several hun-
dred miles for the more lasting material. The con-
sequence is, that it is after centuries of oblivion
faint traces aro found where once stood the proud
Assyrian capital, while the obelisks and sphinxes
of the Valley of the Nile remain to commemorate
the history of their architects. The number con-
cludes
with an able analysis of " Spanish Politics
and Cuban Perils."

Colburn's New Monthly.—Tho New Monthly
opens with a paper on " The Lifo and Correspon-
dence of the late Lord Metcalfe." It is followed by
No. 24 of "Literary Leaflets," which gives us a
criticism of " Firmilian." A notice of the fourth
volume of " Dr. Veron's Memoirs," which has re-
cently been published in Paris, appears under the
title of "Louis Philippe andMademoiselleßachel."
It gives some lively political anecdotes of the citi-
zen King, and some interesting
_details_ of the life
of the great tragedienne. A. description of " Cos-
tume in the Eighteenth Century" furnishes us with
some amusing accounts of the toilettes of celebrities
of that day. The continuation of the " Diary of
a First Winter at Rome" describes the baths of
Titus, and recounts a visit to Cardinal Antonelli.
" Mildred Arkell," by the author of " The Unholy
Wish," is a story of real life, which possesses much
melancholy interest. The chief point in it is an
unfortunate mistake, in which the young lady in-
tended for the bridesmaid believes herself to be the
chosen bride. "A Righi Day" is a narrative of a
tour in Switzerland. The poetical contributions
consist of " A Late Night Scene on the Baltic," by
Nicholas Michell, and a rather perplexing ballad
from the German by Captain Medwin. There is
also a lively tale by Dudley Costello, and articles
on the loss of the Tiger and the Greek insurrection.

Colburne s United Sery ice. —A paper on "The Seat
of War in Asia" commences this number. It gives
a summary of the chief geographical features, and
is accompanied by a map. A brief account is given
of the origin of the dispute between the inhabitants
of Greytown and its American assailants. " A
Canter through Bulgaria" is the first part of a
narrative of an excursion to Schtunla and Silistria.
" A Turk's Account of the Downfall of Constanti-
nople Four Centuries ago" possesses at least, the
merit of antiquity. The " Extracts front the
Journals of the late Major Ma.cready" are continued.
A new series of papers is commenced on the
" French Naval Annals." The unfortunate Vil-
leneuve is selected for OA first memoir, "from a
desire to do justice to his character." The num-
ber contains much information respecting the ex-
pedition to the Crimea, and other military move-
merits. The following extract is from an interest-
ing account of the great seal fishing trade of the
Arctic Seas :
"Or SEAL FISHING.—It is not nece sary for me to
write the history of seal fishing in the Polar seas.
Everybody knows that, in the 17th century, and later
in the 18th century, regular fleets annually left the
ports of Holland, the Hanseatic towns, of England, and
the Basque provinces, in pursuit of the whales, the
morses, aad the seals, which abounded on the coasts of
Spitsbergen and Greenland. These fisheries were so
productive, that the parties engaged in them disputed,
in desolate regions, the possession of the havens which
offered conveniences for an establishment on shore, and
international treaties determined the ports belonging to
each. It was to these fisheries that Holland owed its
power as a maritime state, which rendered her the ma-
ritime rival of England and France.
" HAUNTS OF THE SEAL.—For some time past the
seal has abandoned the neighbourhood of Spitzbergen,
and is now found in great numbers along the coasts of
Greenland, in about 75 deg lat. It is upon the fields of
ice united to the mainland, and amongst those which
extend to the north and to the east, as well as under the
meridian of Iceland, that immense flocks of seals abound,
which the sailors pursue as they advance northward.
The number of these animals is so considerable, that the
little fleet, composed of at least forty vessels, which an
ndally leaves the Scotch ports, never returns with less
than 100,000 seals, killed in the space of a few weeks
There is no reason to suppose that their number is dimo
nishing, as all the statistics which I have consulted
show that seal fishing is increasing.
ARRIVAL AT THE ICE-FIELDS.—The vessels which hayi
quitted the fitting-out ports of Scotland, with foul
months' provis.2ons if intended for the seal fisheries, an
with eight months provisions for whaling, quit the hai-
hour of Leewick in the first day Of March, and steer foi
Greenland. Arrived at the localities frequented by the
seals, a constant look-out is kept from the mast-head
by a man placed in the crow's-nest, a sort of sentry-box
lashed to the main-top-gallant-mast, which serves to pro-
tect the watcher from the cold.
" When a flock is signalled, the vessel approaches
the ice-floe, and it is then when the captain requires all
the coolness and dexterity which great experience, and
unlimited confidence in himself and ship can alone
give. The approach to the ice-field is frequently ren-
dered a difficult and delicate operation, by masses of
floating ice, which the winds and the currents carry
violently along ; by fragments of glaciers on a level with
the water, and therefore doubly dangerous; by lofty
icebergs, which, sometimes losing their centre of gravity
through the breaking off of portions, regain their equi-
librium in the midst of a tremendous fracas. It is in
the midst of these perils that the captain must determine
at a glance the course he is to steer for the mouth of one
of the numerous passages leading to the required haven
from whence the fishing is to be carried on. On reach-
ing smooth water, the vessel is moored to the ice by
means of grappling irons—the boats are lowered—the
cask and hunting implements embarked—the men are
provided with provisions in case of accidents separating
them for a time from the ship—signals are established,
and lines are so disposed as to conduct the men on board
in case a fog sets in.
"The fishing then comnmencee. The slaughtered seals
are carried to the boats, where the skins are separated
from the blubber, the latter being thrust into !much+