The Sun.
London, England, 1853-09-28 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 28, 1853.

ALISON'S HISTORY OF EUROPE.
VOLUME SECOND of the PEOPLE'S
EDITION, price 45., Is now published, and may be had of all
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In Monthly Parts, at One Shilling
THE DIARY of a LATE PhYSICIAN,
By SAMUEL WAREEN, P.R.S.
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Parts I. and 11. are published, forming the Commencement of a
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BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE,
No. CCCCLVI., for October 1853. Price 2s. 6d.

CONTENTS.

Uncle Tom's Cabin.
Right Divine.
Lady Lee's Widowhood. Part X.
New Readings in Shakespeare.—No. 111.
Rail and Saddle in Spain.
The Wanderer.
Thackeray's Lectures—Swift.
Note to the Article on the New Readings in Shakespeare.
William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London.

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NAVA.L INTELLIGENCE.

PORTSMOUT H, SEPT. 26.

The Elfin, Royal despatch yacht, Master-Commander
Alfred Balliston, came into harbour from Cowes to-day.
The Stromboli steam sloop, 6, Commander Hall, will
be paid advance to-morrow.
Mr. Woodcock, the chief engineer late of the Barra-
couta, is on board the Victory awaiting thepleasure of the
Lords of the Admiralty as to his disposal.
The Tyne store-ship, Master-Commander Peter Wel-
lington, arrived at Spithead this afternoon from the
Brazils and Coast of Africa stations, bringing invalids
and obsolete stores from the squadrons on both stations.
The news from the Brazils has been anticipated by the
West India mail packet.
The Tyne's dates of sailing are—Buenos Ayres, July
27 ; Montevideo. July 31 ; and Rio, Aug. 13. On her
way home she spoke the following ships, which wished
particularly to be reported :—Aug. 19, at 2p.m., in lat.
21.17 S., long. 52.2 W., the English brig Globe, 46
days from Liverpool, bound to Valparaiso, all well ;
Sept. 2, at noon, in lat 12.30 N., long. 29.36 W. ex-
changed numbers with the bark Reuben ; Sept. 7, at noon,
in lat. 20N., long. 34.89 W., exchanged numbers with the
English ship Janes; also, at 2 p.m., exchanged longitude
with the ship Hyderabad, out 97 days from Calcutta,
bound to London ; Sept. 14, at noon, in lat. 38.15 N.,
long. 32.47 W., passed and exchanged longitudes with
the English ship Bonita, 18 days from Pernambuco,
bound to Liverpool ; Sept. 24, in lat. 47.30 N., long.
15.52 W., spoke the Swedish brig Maria; Sept. 25, in
lat. 48.4 N., long 10.43 W., exchanged longitudes and
passed the American ship Connecticut, with loss of top-
gallantmast. Lieutenants Douglas and Gregory, re-
cently promoted from the Centaur flagship, have come
home in the Tyne ; also the gunner of her Majesty's
ship Crescent. for trial by court-martial for a revolting
offence. Assistant-Surgeon Holt, of the Crescent, has
come home as a witness for the prosecution.

QUEENSTOWN, SEPT. 25.

The Hogue, 58, Captain Ramsay, joined the fleet in
this harbour to-day from Kingstown, making the force
assembled here 18 sail of men-of-war.
Courts-martial are ordered for to-morrow and Tues-
day on board the Queen, and on Wednesday the Lords
of the Admiralty have ordered the whole fleet to sea
with their Lordships on board, who propose witnessing
some trials of sailing, weather permitting. It is re-
ported the fleet will remain out three weeks, and then
return to general rendezvous at Spithead. Such at
present are the Admiralty orders.

PLYMOUTH, SEPT. 27.

A dvices from Queenstown state that the fleet is to
leave that port on Wednesday or Thursday, to cruise
for an indefinite period—probably three weeks.
The Leander, 50, Captain G. St. Vincent King, is
making every preparation for immediate departure,
About 50 of her crew are yet on leave of absence.
Forty first-class boys have been draughted from the
Impregnable to the Leander for service in the Medi-
terranean.

The African mail packet Charity, Captain Atkinson,
which sailed on Saturday night for Madeira and the
West Coast, was detained several hours in the Sound,
in consequence of a strike by four of the firemen, receiv-
ing 41. per month. The detention was prolonged for
want of summary jurisdiction by the magistrates of Ply-
mouth. Justice can only be obtained by a long journey
up the Tamar to Saltash, a small borough which pos-
sesses magisterial authority over the waters of Ply-
mouth in virtue of a right granted some centuries since.
The evil has long been a grievance to the merchant ser-
vice, and is doubled where it creates delay in the trans-
mission of the mails. Seamen are well acquainted with
this state of the law, which unintentionally offers a pre-
mium to insubordination.

PEMBROKE, SEPT. 27.

The Lords of the Admiralty, during their recent visit,
officially and minutely inspected the Cattier, which was
undocked and moored off the yard. Her sheer and lines
are quite perfect, and no leakage has been made. All
the repairs deemed necessary have been made, and she
will immediately be navigated round to Portsmouth by
the seamen and riggers sent for the purpose. The Ma-
gicienne takes her round.
The increased length now given to our ships of the
line, in consequence of the addition of the screw pro-
peller, has rendered it necessary that the docks should
be extended, in order to affbrd accommodation for these
vessels. The gates of the dock could not be closed upon
the Windsor Castle (now the Duke of Wellington), and
this would again be the case with vessels of a similar
size.
The Pique frigate, whiel has been so long here, has
been almost rebuilt • she will be classed as a 40-gun fri-
gate, in lieu of her former rating of 36 guns, and will be
fitted with the screw propeller.

WOOLWICH, SEPT. 27.

APPOIN MONTS.

Surgeons.—John H. Carruthers (1841), to the Win-
chester, 50, flag-ship, on the East Indies station ;
,Andrew Batwell, M.D. (1851), to the Bittern, 12, sloop,
on the East Indies station ; James Laird (1852), to the
Ferret, 8, sloop, on the West Coast of Africa station ;
John Cockin (1852), to the Polyphemus, 5, paddle-wheel
steam-sloop, on the West Coast of Africa station.
Clerk in Charge.—Thomas Ellard (1846), to the
Apollo, troopship, at Sheerness.
Clerk.—Frederick Penfola (1851), to the Boscawen
70, guardship of ordinary at Chatham.

HER MATESTY'S SHIP THETIS AND HER FREIGHT.—By
a letter from. Panama, August 8, we hear that the Thetis,
38, Captain Kuper, 8., had arrived there in 30 days
from San Blas, having in the course of nearly four
months collected only $1,400,000. The captain ex-
pected above $700,000 more from Tepic, but the export
duty having been raised from 3 to 8 per cent., the mer-
chants would not pay it, and so the ship loses their good
share. The ship landed. $400,000 at Panama. We
have already stated that the first lieutenant (Corn.
Sansum) died before the intelligence of his promotion
reached him. He died suddenly, and alone, 2n the night
of April 11 th, at Guaymas. The captaitc gave Mr.
Lodder, the senior mate, an acting order for the vacancy,
but, of course, it remained for the commander-in-chief
to make tho promotion on arrival at Valparaiso. Dur-
ing the hot weather, when the Thetis was at Mazatlan,
remittent fever went through the ship, and up to the
date of our Panama letter continued in a milder shape.
It attacked 3aearly every one, and about the middle of
July no less than 100 were on the sick list ; two men
died. The surgeon of the ship, Dr. Douglas, had a
smart time of it, for the assistant surgeon was among
the number attacked. The Thetis was to leave Panama
about the 15th August for Valparaiso and England.—
Plymouth M ail.

LORD PALMERSTON AT PERTH.

On Monday afternoon the freedom of the city of
Perth was conferred upon Lord Palmerston in the
City-hall. The noble Lord arrived from Rossie
Priory, where he had been the guest of Lord Kin-
naird, at 12 o'clock, and was received at the rail-
way station by the Provost and magistrates of the
city, and escorted to the City-hall. The station
was profusely decked with flowers ; the entrance
to the hall was lined with officials, and the splendid
building was filled by about 2,000 people, the gal-'
lery being occupied by elegantly dressed ladies.
Lord Palmerston, on entering the hall, was re-
ceived with the greatest enthusiasm, and took his
seat by the Provdst, supported by the magistrates
and council, Lord -Kinnaird, the Provost of Dun-
dee, the Hon. Arthur Kinnaird, M.P., and several
other distinguished strangers.
The PROVOST requested the Town-clerk to read
the resolution of the Council to confer the freedom
on the noble lord, and :then invested him with the
usual insignia of office. The resolution was to this
effect :

"At Perth, and within the. Town-hall thereof Monday.,
the 26th day of September, 1853, at half-past 11
o clock, forenoon,
" Sederunt in Council, that the Right Hon. Henry
John, Viscount Palmerston, is at present in this neigh-
bourhood, and is expected to be in; Perth about noon to-
day, unanimously resolve to take that opportunity of
presenting his lordship with the freedom of the city, this
being the highest compliment the Council have it in their
power to bestow, and which they feel to be eminently
due to one who has so long held a prominent place in
the councils of his Sovereign, and who, by his great ser-
vices as a statesman, and his liberality as a politician,
has earned for himself the lasting gratitude of his coun-
try.
"The Council further appoint the Lord Provost
and magistrates as a deputation to receive Lord Palmers-
ton on his arrival, and escort him to the City-hall, in
order that the freedom may be then and there presented
to him in the face of the assembled citizens."
The PROVOST, in addressing the noble lord, traced
his history as a statesman, and dwelt at some length
on the more prominent points of his public life. For
19 years the noble lord had held the office of Sec-
retary at War to the satisfaction of the country,
and in time of peace, although educated in another
school, had devoted himself to the great question
of parliamentary reform, abandoning the party
whose policy was for " no reform," and joining him-
self to Earl Grey, whose motto was " Retrench-
ment, Reform, and Peace." (Cheers.) But it was
as Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs that Lord
Palmerston had most of all distinguished himself.
In that department of public service his admirable
diplomacy had secured the independence of Bel-
gium, checked the ambition of France, and, in re-
lation to Spain and Portugal, had supported the
cause of liberty against despotism, freedom of
thought against priestly power, and defended reli-
gious liberty against the stratagems of the Jesuits
and the tyranny of the Pope. (Cheers.) Nor had
his lordship been less distinguished for his love of
humanity than his attachment to freedom, and pos-
terity would look back on his efforts to abolish
slavery with gratitude and pride. Under his com-
mands the barracoons of Africa had been thrown
open to the slave, and burnt to the ground. He
set the Africans free, and made a magnificent
bonfire of the infernal haunts of horrid cruelty
in which the slaves had been confined. But,
my lord, it is only one or two of your brilliant
deeds that I can advert to at present. During
the period you held the office of Foreign Secre-
retary, everynation in Europe was benefitted by the
wisdom of your counsels and the liberality of your
principles, while each and all of them were taught
to respect the country which yon so admirably re-
presented, and whose honour and dignity you so
zealously and successfully maintained. At the pre-
sent hour, when Europe is in such a state of agita-
tion, and when the horrors of war are apparently
impending over it, such wisdom, and liberality,
and decision are urgently required ; and although,
my Lord, you are not in the Foreign-office for the
present, we rejoice that you are in the Cabinet,
and we trust that the rule which was once pro-
pounded to you will now be adopted. and acted on
—viz., that no steps in our foreign relations should
taken duntil they had first been submitted to the
whole Cabinet, as well as to the Queen. (Cheers.)
And thus we may expect, that in the present emer-
gency your experience and advice will be available
to the country and valued as coming from one of
unsurpassed wisdom and skill. (Cheers.)
Lord PALMERSTON, who was received with great
cheering, said—l can assure you, ray Lord Provost
and gentlemen of the corporation, that I feel most
deeply sensible of the great honour which you have
just conferred on me. It is matter of great pride
and satisfaction to me to find myself thus, in some
degree, connected with this great and distinguished
body, the citizens of Perth. I have viewed with
the greatest admiration the magnificent country
which surrounds what I may venture to call your
capital—a country which, when I compare it with
the state in which I saw it—l will not say how
many years ago—when, as a young tourist, I
passed through it, excites my unbounded admira-
tion for the intelligence, the industry, and the skill
of the people who inhabit it. I may, indeed, say
that your country is a kind of emblem of your na-
tional character ; for while, on the one hand, it
presents those bold elevations which are the gift of
nature, on the other hand it exhibits the highest cul-
tivation which human skill can confer. (Cheers.) My
birth and my interest lie, indeed, in other parts of the
United Kingdom ; but I may claim at least one
tie with Scotland. For what signifies it that a
man should be born, or of what practical value are
his interests, if he has not had the benefit of that
cultivation which education bestows ? and where-
ever any important part of a man's education has
been given him, to that place must his affections
recur during the whole course of his subsequent
life. Now, gentlemen, it was my good fortune to
pass three years in Edinburgh, under the roof and
under the instruction of that great and good man,
Dugald Stewart—(cheers)--a man no less distin-
guished for the great capacity of his mind, for his
powers to rise to the highest summit of science,
and to penetrate the deepest mysteries of metaphy-
sics, than for those sterling qualities of heart and
of disposition which make talent practically useful,
and which add to the dignity of genius. (Applause.)
The Lord Provost has been kind enough to advert
to some passages in my public life. He but rightly
interpreted the sentiments which guided me when
lie said that I embraced heartily and cordially
those principles of Parliamentary and municipal
reform, which however much they excited doubts
in the minds of many men at the time when they
were broached, have, I think, now gained univer-
sal concurrence by the practical experience of good
which they have conferred on all classes of this
great empire. (Cheers.) And whatever opinions
any man may have formed at the time when that
great battle was fought, there is not, I believe, a
person in the country who would now for an in-
stant contemplate any retrogression in regard to
those great measures. (Hear, and cheers.) Gentle-
men, it was, as the Lord Provost has been pleased
to say, my anxious desire, while the charge of our
foreign relations was committed to my hands, in
the first place, to maintain unimpaired the interests
and untarnished the honour and dignity of the
country. But beyond those interests and that
honour, there were certainly two objects which I held
constantly in view, and which to a great degree the
Government of which I was a member succeeded
in accomplishing. The one was to encourage the
diffusion of the principles of constitutional govern-
ment throughout the countries of Europe. The
Lord Provost has justly said that our efforts suc-
ceeded in establishing that which I hold to be the
best system of constitutional government--I mean
constitutional monarchy—in Belgium, and that
these principles of government were estab-
lished in Portugal and Spain. And we may look
now with satisfaction to the map of Europe, and 1
we may see that there are—l speak not of those 1
small unfortunate States of Middle and Southern
Italy—among the .great States of Europe, but Aus-
tria and Russia, in which, in some form or other,
representative or constitutional government does
exist. (Cheers.) I know well that in many of
these countries it has for the moment been reduced
to a mere form ; but, depend upon it, forms are 1
invaluable. As long as good forms of government
are maintained, no man need despair that the time
will come when, even without violence, and with-
out revolution, these forms may become real sub-
stance. (Loud cheers.) The next object was—l
won't say the next, because it was the first object—
the abolition, the suppression of the detestable
crime of slavery. (Hear, hear.) It was a difficult
task ; there were many resisting influences ; these
influences have been, I trust, almost entirely over-
come. We took a line which compelled that great
delinquent Brazil, practically to abandon its crime,
and although Spain still continues, unfortunately,
to a great degree—as far as her limited means are
concerned—to perpetrate this crime, yet I trust
that Cuba will soon follow the example of Brazil,
and that the much injured the race of Africa will
be now restored to the legitimate pursuits of
agriculture and commerce, and that the native
will no longer tremble at the sight of a white

man, fearing that he sees in him the repre-
sentative of all the miseries that can afflict
human nature. (Great applause.) Gentlemen, it
ought to be satisfactory to every Englishman to
know that the conduct of our foreign relations is
now in able hands—that Lord Clarendon, my noble
friend Lord Clarendon, who is now at the head of
that department, has penetration to see where the
interests, and the honour, and the safety of the
country are to be sought ; that he has sagacity to
discover the proper means for preserving and main-
taining those interests, and that he has firmness
and energy and perseverance to pursue the right
course to arrive at a successful and perfect result.
(Cheers.) If my noble friend Lord Clarendon re-
ceives, as lam sure he will, the cordial, the gene-
rous support of the country, you may depend upon
it that he will not disappoint the just expectations
of his countrymen. (Loud cheering.) Gentlemen,
my duties now are of a different nature. The office
which I have the honour to hold places me more
in intimate and close relation, with my fellow-
countrymen at home, and I trust that in the per-
formance of these duties I shall receive their cor-
dial and general support. A Minister of State,
gentlemen, has no better eyes, and can see no
further, than his neighbours. The probability is
that, after a very short time of reading bad hands
and pale ink, hie physical eyes will be rather worse
than those of others. His ears are not those of
Dionysius the Sicilian, and they can hear but very
little of what comes from a distance from him ; but
his countrymen have eyes to see, and they have ears
to hear, and they have tongues to speak, and they
have pens to write ; and if those who see and hear
things that are going wrong will have the goodness
to communicate to that officer whose duty it is,
and who may have the power of setting these things
right, I can assure my fellow-countrymen at large
that whoever does that will be conferring a
great favour on the man in office, and will be doing
a great benefit to the country at large. (Applause.)
I know that among a great number of communica-
tions there may be many which are founded in
error, in mistake of facts, in misconception of
powers to remedy them. There may be a great deal
of chaff in that which is sent, but if in a bushel of
chaff the Minister shall find a pint of good corn,
that bushel of chaff will be well worth the winnow-
ing, and he can turn the pint of corn to good pur-
pose. (Applause.) Therefore, though many per-
sons may think that communications from indivi-
duals give trouble to those who are in office, never
mind that—l care not for it—the more trouble
that is given, if it is for a good purpose, the better,
for it is only by the assistance of the public at
large that men in office can adequately and satis-
factorily perform their duties. (Applause.) Gen-
tlemen, I can assure you that the course which the
Lord Provost and magistrates of your city have
this day pursued is that which, of all others, is best
calculated to promote the public interest. I mean
that when public bodies like that of the city of
Perth see in the conduct of public men anything
which they are led to sanction and approve—
though in my case I feel that the approbation ex-
ceeds the merit which has called it forth,—wherever
public bodies like the great and respectable body of
this city see in the conduct of public men that
which they are pleased to approve, it is by a pub-
lic demonstration of that approval—it is by the
encouragement which those civic honours offer to
exertions in the public service—it is by these means
that cities can best contribute to stimulate public
men to the anxious and zealous performance of their
duty, and to encourage those who are entering into
public life to devote themselves zealously to the ac-
quiring that knowledge and to the practising those
exertions by means of which the public service of
this country will always be supplied with men cap-
able of fulfilling those duties, and equal to any
times and emergencies in which they may be called
upon to act. My Lord Provost and gentlemen, I
beg leave to return you my most sincere thanks
for the honour which you have done me ; and I
can assure you that I will preserve the testimony
of your approbation as one of the proudest posses-
sions which I may hope at any time to receive.
(Loud cheering.)
The Hon. ARTHUR KINNAIRD, M.P., in moving
a vote of thanks to the Provost, could not but re-
joice in that opportunity of testifying, from his
own personal knowledge, to the able and efficient
services which Lord Palmerston had rendered to
the cause of civil and religious freedom, and which
would only be fully known to the country when
they came to be related by the historian's pen.
(Cheers.) By his vigorous and enlightened admi-
nistration of foreign affairs the British name had
come to be honoured and respected in every part
of the world, and he had the encouraging assurance
by his presence there that day, and the warm re-
ception he had there met with, that his conduct
had been of a character that could not but be ap-
proved by the nation at large. And while he said
this with reference to his more general administra-
tion of our foreign affairs, he believed that the
cheering reception he had met with there that day
was because the basis of his policy had been a right
and just indignation against tyranny of every kind,
both civil and ecclesiastical. (Cheers.)
Provost Timms, of Dundee, seconded the mo-
tion. He could say for the large and influential
town which he had the honour to represent on
that occasion, that they would yield to none in
admiration of the conduct and character of the
noble lord who had that day been made a burgess
of the city of Perth. In his judgment, the grand
feature by which he had been most of all distin-
guished was his love of peace, and when they con-
sidered that under his Foreign Ministry they had
now enjoyed a lengthened period of uninterrupted
peace, they could not but rejoice in his administra •
tion ; and, for his own part, he would say, and
that without the least insinuation in regard to the
distinguished nobleman who at present holds the
foreign seals, that the country will yet call the
noble lord Secretary of Foreign Affairs for Eng-
land. (Cheers.)
The meeting then separated.

FREEDOM OF THE GUILDRY OF PERTH
TO LORD PALMERSTON.
The Guildry of Perth having also resolved to
make the noble lord a burgess of guild, that honour
was conferred in the Guildhall, in the presence of
a large number of the brethren, the Dean of Guild
presiding. The minute of the guildry recording
their resolution to invite the noble lord to accept
this honour bore that it was unanimously offered
in consideration of his "manly, firm, and indepen-
dent spirit and conduct" in the management of the
public affitirs of the country to which he had been
called.
Lord PALMERSTON then received " stone and
lime" of the city, according to ancient usage, and,
having become " solemnly bound" to discharge
implies, everycivil and religious duty which the office legally
said :—My Lord Dean of Guild,—l beg to
return you my most sincere thanks for having thus
completed my creation. (Applause and laughter.)
Imperfection is the lot of human nature, but to be
an imperfect citizen of Perth would indeed be a
great mortification to me, or anybody else who
esteems as highly as I do the people who inhabit
this most distinguished city. (Cheers.) I only
hope that I shall not be too hard pressed to fulfil
the declaration which I have just made, and that
the duties which I may be called upon to perform
may in some degree be measured out to me with
due consideration of the distance at which I have to
execute them. (Laughter.) With regard to the
topic which the Dean has just adverted to, I cer-
tainly think all parties who have concurred in the im-
provements of our commercial system may be proud
of having done a good work, the results of which
will long, I trust, be felt for the benefit of the
whole country. And there is this remarkable cir-
cumstance in connexion with the carrying out of
these improvements—viz., that no question which
had so much divided the opinion of mankind, hav-
ing been carried one way, had so quickly made
converts of those who during the discussion held
an opposite and contrary opinion. (Hear, hear.)
For we are now all Free Traders—(cheers)—there
is no party in the country that now holds the prin-
ciples of free trade to be a mistake and an injury to
the country. I had, not very long ago, the good
fortune to meet with an old friend who had been
for five or six years absent from the country in a
far distant situation, and who said that he could
hardly believe that he was come back to the same
country from which he went ; he found such an
entire difference in the general feeling of every-
body with whom he came in contact. When he
went away people were complaining of this, and
finding fault with that, and grumbling with some-
thing else ; but now he found all classes admitting
that they were in a flourishing condition, and there
was a general feeling of contentment and satisfac-
tion wherever he went. (Cheers.) It is true that
national examples are slow of imitation. There is
in other countries that which existed here—namely,
private and particular interests which conflict with
the general good—honestly and sincerely often, as
well as sometimes founded in selfish motives. But
in the countries abroad there is, I am sorry to say,
still great prejudice against those principles of com-
, mercial freedom which have been established so