The Sun.
London, England, 1854-12-07 00:00:00

THE TEI

We extract the following remarks from letters
received this morning from Paris, and published
in a second edition by
( The Times.)
It is thought probable that by this time the ratifica-
tions of the treaty of the 2d Dec. will have been ex-
changed, and that in thr-e or four days, perhaps;
less, they will be published in the official journals of
the respective Governments who have signed it. In
the meantime two subjects particularly occupy the
public mind—the nature of the propositions which
Russia will be called upon by Austria to accept—and
the probability of her accepting them. If I may give
credit to the opinion expressed in quarters likely to
be informed on these matters—though the secret is as
yet well kept—these propositions are in fact the four
guarantees already demanded of Russia and refused,
viz., the liberty of the Black Sea—of the Danube—the
annulling of the treaties between Russia and the Porte,
and the joint protectorate by the five Powers of the non-
Mussulman subjects of the Porte. I cannot answer for
the correctness of the statement, but it is certain that
men experienced in these matters believe that this is all
—at all events., all of an important nature.
Supposing that estimate to be correct it may be.
asked if there is a chance of their being accepted by
Russia ? Opinion is somewhat divided on the point,
hut I think tat it inclines to the affirmative. As to what
Austria thinks of the matter there does not seem much
doubt. We are assured rather confidently that had that
Power believed that Russia would not accept peace on the
conditions just mentioned she would not have signed the
treaty of the 2d, and that he has a moral certainty that
Russia will not refuse. The interviews between M. de
Boo? and Prince Gortschakoff, though affording no proof
of the fact, are, nevertheless, considered as favourable
to that view of the question, and of Russia having been
made aware of all that was going on. If, however,
Austria should be disappointed in her expectations,
she will, when the term expires, on the Ist January, join
the Allies. It is believed that Prussia also has the inti-
mate conviction that Russia will accept the propositions,
and indeed the same may be said of the other German
Slates. Of the Crimea, or Sebastopol, nothing is said;
but it remains to be seen whether peace on the terms
above mentioned will satisfy the people of England and
France, after the tremendous sacrifices that have been
made. 1

( The Morning Chronicle.)
People have got so much into the habit of doubting the
good faith of Austria, and of discrediting the good will
which her statesmen have invariably professed in the
cause adopted by the Western Powers, that it is difficult
to get the public even now to believe that the Austrian
Emperor has entered into au alliance offensive and defen-
sive to coerce Russia, and to force the Czar to abandon
his ambitious projects. Yesterday and the day before
many we're incredulous as to the fact, notwithstanding
the announcement in the Moniteur. To-day the news
is more generally believed, and the impression it makes
is most favourable.
According to some it will produce an almost imme-
diate settlement of the Eastern question, because the
Czar will now see the hopelessness of the struggle,
According to others it will have no such effect, because,
the question is a religious one, from which the Czar
cannot recede ; but all admit that if the war is to be
continued, it will be under circumstances much more
difficult than hitherto for Russia, now that Austria is
prepared to threw the weight of her 500,000 legionaries
into the scale against her.
The Russian party here profess to make light of the
treaty. They contend that it must be a dead letter.
The treaty between Austria and the Western Powers
binds Austria to make war, but only in order to get the
four guarantees, which, though offered by Russia, Eng-
land and Franco now refuse to accept. They therefore
contend that as England and France will no longer be•
contented with the four guarantees which Russia is wil-
ling to accord, Austria will never have occasion to draw
the sword against Russia.
In a few days the precise terms of the treaty will be
known, and all discussion as to the real extent of the
obligations assumed by Austria will then be set at rest ;
but in the meantime it cannot be doubted that the con-
clusion of the treaty is an affair of immense importance
tg England and France. No doubt Russia, aided by
Prussia, will resume her intrigues to keep Austria for
some time longer neutral, but she can no longer stave
off the blow. The day is now fixed when she must either
do justice to England and France, or be prepared to
carry on the war, not only against them, but against
Austria also.

THE CZAR AND :THE XRIPLII

ALLIANCE.

The Daily News.
I have good reason to believe that the official publication
of the treaty with Austria will be delayed for some days
at the instance of the English Government,for the express
purposeof escaping the criticising of the press on the text
before the meeting of Parliament. In the meantime I are
enabled, from a perfectly authentic source, to give yota
the fallowing particulars, which comprise, I believe, all:. ,
the principal points of the treaty. It is to become
eventually a treaty of alliance offensive and defensive.
Peace will be proposed to Russia by Austria on the
sis of the four points, interpreted as mentioned in the
treaty. If by January of 2(I am not sure which)
Russia shalt not have accepted the four points so inter-
preted, Austria will recall her ambassador from St Peters...
burg, and if by March 2 the four points (or at least some,
conditions satisfactory to the 'Western Powers based
upon the four points) shall not have been accepted
by Russia, then Austria will declare war. The inter-
pretation of the four points includes the throwing din
of the Black Sea, Russia not to be allowed to have it.
larger number of vessels therein than France and Eng-
land. Six ships from each nation is, I believe, the stipu-
lated number. An European port is to be formed as a
counterpoise to Sebastopol, either at Batonns or at Sinope.
The liberty of the Danube is to be declared, and as a
guarantee for such liberty the town and fortress ,of
Ismael and all the Russian forts near the mouth of the
Danube are to be destroyed. The protectorate of the
Christians (subjects of the Sultan in Turkey) is to be
exercised collectively by the Five Powers. Each power
will have the right to prot.,ct separately its own subjects
of its own religion, but not the subjects of the Sultan.
Should Austria be compelled on March 2 to declare
war she will enter with all her forces into Bessa-
rabia, and will send 20,000 men to the Crimea. I aal
also told, but of this I am not so certain as of what pre-
cedes, that the two Western Powers undertake to main-
tain Austria Li the integrity of her dominions. There
is very little chaizce that the Emperor of Russia will
accept these terms. It must be owned that they are
much better than it wos expected Austria would assent
to. Action, however, on the part of Austria is yet
quite another thing.

(Front the Pays.)
It is impossible for us to anticipate at present what
will be the solution of Russia. Many persons accus-
tomed to diplomatic affairs believe in a renewal of nego-
tiations. It appears certain that, as soon as the treaty
has heerf ratified, Austria is to present to the Court off
Petersburg a final summons, the terms of which will!
have been agreed on with the Western Powers. Such
a course derives from present circumstances an e xcep-
tional importance which may make an impression on
the Czar. During the eight or ten months which ha Va
elapsed since the war has commenced, Austria hi us
not lost a single day in strengthening herself and'
collecting all her means of action. The more
slowness, apparent or real, she displayed in her
resolutions, the more internal activity she employed
to hold herself in readiness for all eventualities.
She is no longer a nation disorganised by a recent re-
volution, and shaken in her credit and military force.;
but an empire full of vigour, wonderfully strengthened.
in the national feeling by a magnificent financial open-
lion, and deriving from the youth of the sovereign, and
from the popularity of the cause which he represents, as
power which Russia could not be altogether pleased at..
On the other hand Austria is no longer alone, as the last;
measures adopted in concert with Prussia have reeJJr
engaged all the Confederation in the Bourse opened by
the cabinet of Vienna. The States which had showni
most hostility now undergo the law of necessity, and,
in some degree also, that of the public opinion of their
people. We have seen M. de Pfordten, after a depar-
ture from Munich with a theory of neutrality, return to-
Bavaria with a formal adhesion to the Austrian policy..
The German journals inform us that Saxony and Wur-
temberg have felt the necessity of yielding to the ge-
neral impulse, and of placing their troops on a war-
footing, in anticipation of the deliberations of the'Diet.
As to Prussia, the additional act which she has just
signed forcei her, in spite of herself, to co-operate for
the general object, at least in a passive manner, under
pain of beholding the Confederates of Bamberg turned.
against her. But whatever may be the inveterate pride •
of the Czar, and his confidence in the invincibility of his
army, all these circumstances combined together are of
a nature to make him reflect on his position. A rup-
ture with Germany would throw into the balance of
Europe a formidable weight. His frontiers even would.
be menaced, and the immensity of his line of defence.
Would oblige him to raise levies of men out of all pro-
portion with his resources. It might consequently be
that being better counselled than he has yet been as to
his veritable interests, he should profit by this last
opportunity to save his empire and his dynasty from
inevitable ruin. In the contrary case, our position is
clear, and the results of the treaty of Dec. 2 cannot be
doubtful. Whatever may be the terms of that conven-
tion, its object is to cause Austria, and with her, all
Germany, to co-operate in the object which we pursue.
Everything then becomes regular in this common action
of Europe against Russia. After a necessary delay,
590,000 men at least will join our troops, to force the ad-
hesion of Russia to the propositions dictated by the three.
Allied powers. We do not wish to prejudge the march
of events, but it is probable that the next combinations
of the war in the East will derive from this new Biwa-
, Lion greater security and vigour. In every respect, the
L treaty of Dec. 2 causes the policy of Europe to enter On_
a new order, entirely favourable to our arms ; and wrests
asunder the last ties which kept Germany under the
patronage of Russia.