The Sun.
London, England, 1853-02-02 00:00:00

T~j
V ~~

'LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 2, 1853.

No . 18,834.]

THE FRENCH EMPIRE.

Lemarant ; Rear-Admirals Cuvillier, Gautier, Ker.
drain, Riodit, Bazoche, Cosmao-Dirmanoir, Le-
goarant de Tromelin, Deloffre, andDelassaux. _

NEW WORK BY SIR E. B. LYTTON BART.
On Friday next will be published, In 4 vols. post Svo., 425.
Y N
0 V L.
L By PISISTRATIJS CAXTON ;

Our readers will, perhaps, be amused to observe
from the following statement made by the Paris
correspondent of the Morning Herald, in re-
ference to ourselves, that serious notice has been
taken on the other side of the channel of a para-
graph quoted in the columns of The Sun, princi-
pally for the sake of its vulgar jocularity. It was,
in fact, an amusing illustration (amusing at least to
those in any way acquainted with the subject) of
the length to which a petty partizanship will some-
times carry even the veracious correspondent of a
weekly newspaper, descedding, in this instance, to

A decree of the Emperor, dated the 29th ult.,
consisting of not fewer than 54 articles, regulates
the uniforms and official costumes of maritime pre-
fects, officers of men-of-war, officers and agents of
other corps of the navy in service in France and the
colonies, chaplains of the navy, and directors, chiefs,
and clerks of the central Administration.

THE GIRL'S GUN BOOK.
Yew Ef dion, square. bound in crimson cloth, gilt edges, price ds.
THE GIRL'S OWN BOOK. By Mrs. CHILD,
Author of The Mother's book," "Frugal Housewife," Etc.
I i.c Sixteenth Edit on, entirely re-edited, embellished with 142

It is announced that the bishopric of Boulogne-
sur-Mer is to be re-established. It is also said that
this seaport will be shortly made a maritime pre-

'gra% in;!s.
Londtu : Tegg & Co , 85, Queen-street, Cheapside.

fecture.

'THE 139th Number of the HYGEIST and
MEDICAt, REFO RMER, for February, contains : A. most
important article on the Blood, by Dr. Southwood Smith, w;th re-
marts thereon—Death of a Penitent near Bristol —obpctionable
3.ledical Advertisements, &c., &c.—May be had at the British Col-
lege of Health, New-road, London ; ant at the Office, 262, Strand.
Price ld., or 2d. by post. Also of all the Agents for Morlzon's
Vegetable Universal Medicine throughout the country.

The Minister of Public Wcrks has charged a
commission to investigate the various causes which
lead to accidents on railways, to draw up statisti-
cal tables of the same, and to suggest the best
means of preventing them.
The Courrier de Marseilles, in announcing the
arrival in that port, on the 29th ult., of the Euxine
steamer, bringing intelligence from Calcutta to the
22d December, and from Bombay to the 3d of Jan-
uary, remarks that this vessel commences a new
service from Calcutta. Previously, there was only
one direct departure per month from that port for
Europe, the second being from Bombay. Hence-
forward there w be two direct departures each
month from Calcutta for Marseilles, on the 6th and
the 20th of each month. The above journal adds

the gross carricature of an illustrious personage,
whose beauty had long since become, we may say,

with truth, universally appreciated. The follow-
ing is that to which wo have referred :
" I have just been given to understhnd that The Sun
of Monday has been seized in consequence of an article
which it extracted from a Radical weekly paper, and
which was offensive to the feelings of the Emperor."
The rumours in circulation for the last few days,
relative to a change in the Ministry, have acquired
yesterday still greater consistency. The names of
the parties to be affected by it are the same
as Already so often mentioned. Of the whole
Cabinet it is said that only MM. Xould, Ducos,
and Magne remain. The last-naitpd undertakes
the Finance department, and is ti be succeeded
in his present post of Minister of .lic Works by
the Duke de Mouchy. M. de Mo goes to the
Interior, and M. Walewski is still spoken of for
the Department of Foreign Affairs. General Ran-
don takes the War department ; and the same ac-
count adds that M. Bineau is to succeed the Count
d'Argout in the Governorship of the Bank of
France, and that the son of Count d'Argout is to
be appointed to a Receiver-Generalship.
The price of bread for the first fortnight of the
present month is fixed at 31c. the killog., first
quality, being a reduction of Ic. ; the second qua-
lity remains as it was, at 24c.
The Moniteur publishes the returns of the corn
trade in the different markets in France, in Janu-
ary last, from which it appears that the average
price of the hectolitre of wheat was 19f. 43c. at
Toulouse, Gray, Lyons, and Marseilles ; 17f. 37c.
at Marans and Bordeaux ; ISf. 73c. at St. Laurent
and the Grand Lemps ; 17f. 58c. at Mulhouse and
Strasburg; 18f. 9c. at Bergues, Arras, Roye, Sois-
sons, Parts, and Rouen • 17f. 64c. at Saumur and.
Nantes ; 17f. 59c. at Metz, Verdun, and Charle-
y] lie • and 18f. 36c. at St. Lo, Paimpol, Quimper,
and Hennebon.

that its private letters contain no political news of
importance. The price of indigo of the new crop
is much higher than it was last year at the same
period.
The Independance of Douai states that several
new and extensive veins of excellent coal have just
been discovered near that place.
The sums received in the Paris Savings' Bank
during the past week amounted to 549,190 fr., from
1,497 depositors, of whom 639 were new, and the
sums paid out to 541,819 fr. The amount of money
received during the same period by the Caisse de
Retraites for the aged, was 742,783er., from 773
accounts, of which 530 were new.

The Bourse was yesterday as agitated as on
Monday ; but, towards the close of business, prices
improved. The Three per Cents. opened at 79f.
10c., fell to 781. 69c., roe to 79f. 40c., and closed
at 79f. 25c., for the end of the month. The Four-
and-a-Half per Cents. closed at 105 f. 10c. Orleans
Railway shares, 985 f. ; Rouen, 967 f. 50c. ; Havre,
470 f. ; Great Nor Ahern, 83GL ; Bale, 345 f. ; Paris
and Strasburg, 742 f. 50c. ; Paris and Lyons, 850 f.;
Lyons and the Mediterranean, 720 f. ; Caen to
Cherbourg, 585. • Dijon and Besancon, 510 f. ;
Bordeaux and Cate, 555 f. ; Bank of Credit Mo-
bilier, 7101.
The Emperor and his Imperial bride still remain
at St. Cloud. On Monday they visited Versailles
and were greeted with every mark of respect.
So perfect were the arrangements on Sunday,
that notwithstanding the vast crowds who thronged
to every point on the line of march to view the
cortege, not a serious accident islkflown to have
occurred. It may be as well to add that whilst the
police in general arrest from 70 to 80 persons
per day, on Sunday the number of arrests was
only 17.
Telegraphic dispatches were sent' by the Govern-
ment on Sunday to the prefects of the departments
at different periods of the day, announcing the
commencement, progress, and termination of the
ceremony, and srating the reception of the Emperor '
and Empress by the people of Paris to have been
most enthusiastic.
The Petrie says :—" The accor.nts received by
the Government are most favoura:le. In a great
number of-churches by a spontatteous movement
Te Deums were sung on Sunday to commemorate
the marriage of the Emperor. In a number of
towns there were fetes and illuminations. A
great many towns of the provinces, such as Nantes,
Rouen, Limoges, &c., were ;Uum-riated. on Sunday
evening in honour of the marriage of the Emperor.
Te Prefect of the Seine-Ingrieure decided that
an extraordinary ration of pros :sions should be
distributed to the persc;ns confined iq the pri-
sons of the department. In many places,
distributions of food have been made to the poor.
The following is a copy of one of the telegraphic
dispatches sent on Sunday evening by the Govern-
ment authorities to all parts of France, as stated in
our account of the religious ceremonies : " The
ceremonies of the religious marriage of the Emperor
have taken place at Notre Dame, with an order, a
pomp, and a solemnity worthy of the empire. Their
Majesties, in going to Notre Dame and in return-
ing to the Tuileries, have
Everywhere
on bahneren prsassa of
passage
workmen's
our
young
associations.
passed through the
crowds of an immense population, in the midst of
which
waved
numberless
and beautiful Empress has received from the people,
from the National Guard, and from the army the
most touching and enthusiastic reception. Paris
will preserve the memory of this national solemnity
for a long time."

It is announced on high authority that her
Majesty the Queen of Spain is about to present the
Empress Eugenia with a costly coronet, richly and
magnificently adorned with diamonds.
The crowd of visitors to the cathedral of Notre
Dame, yesterday, was immense. At noon there
was a line of people waiting for admitsion extend-
ing at least a quarter of a mile, arranged in line
four deep. The magnificent decorations of the
Hotel de Ville also attracted thousands of visitors.
Among the most conspicuous of the illuminations
on Sunday night was that of the Baron Roths-
child.
The register which was used at the Tuileries on
the archives of the Secretary of
Imperial house, these,
wEhmieph aserhor,
is that of the former ho
in it is dated March 2,
Napoleon's adoption of the
tblshBet eeoa
nt:p. occasion
preserved
aenTs dehrev
eodi
ifrtithn
recordse
entry
rthe Emperor, and as Vice-
Napoleon 111. is that of
given to the trade of Paris by the
Princetrtiholyae tbooifr
tf Eht Italy.huoegfe
mtnheaeTra sKrhi
marriage
nog
rngee
ocooff
of
Rome,
20, 1811. bearing date March
impulselatTehiemperial fetes is said to have proved highly
satisfactory to the bourgeoisie.. The etiquette at
receptionss and, vests has caused the
coatrequiring gentlemen to
owffiiaeacrl balls
embroideredand
ladies to enter upon a. rivalry in their toilettes, and
already an enormous demand has been created for
all kinds of the most costly articles of attire for
both sexes. A perfumer, who has a rather exten-
sive clientele in the aristocracy, is said to have sold
in one week fans to the amount of 9,000 f., gloves
to an equal amount, and periftimery to the amount
of 6,000 f. There have been also extensive orders
for carriages, furniture, and 'jewellery.
A scaffolding which had been erected in the new
rue de Rivo]i broke down on Sunday just before
the cortege arrived at the spot, from the too great
weight of the persons who, had been admitted to
place themselves on it. Six females were much
bruised.
It is stated that Raron Brenier, Secretary-
General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, has
been appointed Envoy Extp.ordinaL.>,—
of France at
Constantinople. He is abo4t to proceed to Toulon,
to embark on board the Etilaireur steamer for hi
post. The appointment of M. Brenier to Constan-
tinople may be fairly regarded as a fresh tender of
peace. That Austria is about to take advantage of
the difficulties of the Porte in the affair of Monte-
negro cannot be doubted, and in doing so will, of
course, be aided by Russia, and M. Brenier is in
all probability charged with an offer of a media-
torial character, in conjunotion with Great Britain,
to save the Porte from her growing dangers at the
hands of the two northern' powers,
The Emperor, by decree dated the 29th ult.,
issued on the report of the Minister of Marine, has
re-established the second section of the General
Staff of the Navy (the reserve), which was sup-
pressed in April, 1848, a similar measure having al-
ready been carried into effect in the army. The de-
cree enacts the law of May 19, 1834, on officers, shall
be applicable to those of the second section, and that
they shall receive three-fifths of the pay of their
grade; also that they may in time of war be appointed
to commands at sea, or in the interior—and, if
senators, to commands in the interior in time of
peace likewise. The Moniteur announces that the
llowing officers have, on their demand, in virtue
of this decree, been removed from the retired list,
and admitted to the second section of the General
Staff:

DR. CULVERWELL'S NEW WORKS.
To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row , Carvalbo,
147. Flect-street , Mann, 39, Cernhill. Price One Shilling each; by
post, is Ga.

ENJOYMENT OF LIFE.
" Health, Recreation, and Rational Use of Time."
CONTENTS : --- Early Rising—Spring and Summer Mornings—E.:-
cursions about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lanes, Hills,
Forests, Fields, High-roads, and other pleasant places - Country
Trips and Rambles—The Sea -London at Night—Evenings at Home
Music—The Drania—On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing, Air,
Rest, Ease, Occupation, &c., &c.

FRAGMENTS FROM THE FOUNTAINS. Two Vols.
Vol. I.
VISIT 10 THE LAKES ; SKETCH OF EDINBURGH, Ece.

Vol. IL,
THE LAKES OF KILLARNEY c REMINISCENCES OF
DUBLIN, &c.
WHAT TO EAT, ptaNK, AND AVOID,

" That three score years and ten our course naay run."
A popular review of almost every form (cause and cure) of ner-
vously-debilitated health and enfeebled constitut,on that harasses
tbe oung, besets the man of pleasure, business or study, and em-
-1,1-tters old age ; with tables and rule3for the diet and physical regu-
lation or every-day life.

rv. '
THE PASSIONS.
What passions hurt the body—what improve,
Truths as retired as Athens ever heard."
SUBJECT:.—Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The ad-
vent of the passions. Chastity and its infringement. The casualties
orlicentionsness and dissipation, with illustratirms, graphic, narra-
tive, and remediative. Advocacy of early marriages.
V.

. _
THE MARRIAGE STATE.
To be or not to be, that is the question."
FROGRAMME:—Laws and obligations of ninure, society, and reli-
gion regarding marriage, to be observed by either sex.
lexionTime and
choice, on both sides, as to age temperament, comp, and
figure, to secure healthy offspring, with the art of rearing them.
Phyiteal defectiveness and Its removal. Sterility and its conversion.
Cases, &c.
By R. J. CCTLVERWELL, M.D. (1841), M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A.
(1824), Twenty-five years Medical and Forensic Referee in these
matters.

Price Is. each; by post, Is. 6d.
To be_ had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Carvatho, 147,
Fleet-street; Mann, 39, Corrlull; or of M. R. Calverwell, M.D.,
10, Argyu.place, Regent street, who may be consulted daily from
Ten till Five, and Seven till Nine.

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[PRICE SD.

MARRIAGES, BIRTHS, AND DEATHS.

The following quarterly returns of the marriages,
births, and deaths registered in the divisions, counties,
and districts of England, has just been issued (published
by authority of the Registrar-General) :
This return comprises the births and deaths registered
by 2,190 registrars in all the districts of England during
the, autumn quarter ending December 31st, 1852 ; and
the marriages in more than 12,000 churches or chapels,
about 3,342 registered places of worship unconnected
with the Established Church, and 624 superintendent
registrars' offices, in the quarter that ended September
30th, 1852.

The return of marriages is not complete ; but the de-
fects are inconsiderable, and approximative numbers
have been supplied from the records of previous years.
The marriages and the births, in nearly the same pro-
portion, greatly exceed the average number of the season ;
and the average of the corresponding quarters of pre-
vious years is slightly exceeded by the deaths.
The registration of the year 1852 is completed, for the
births and deaths by the present return. The births
were 616,251 in 1851, and 624,171 in 1852. The deaths
395,933 in 1851, and 407,938 in 1852. The average an-
nual rate of births is 3.282 per cent., or nearly one in 30.
In 1852 it rose to 3.472 per cent., or one in 29. The
average annual rate of deaths is 242 per cent. (rather
less than one in 45) ; in 1852 it was 2.269, or slightly
above the average (one in 44 nearly).

MARRIAGES.
75,682 persons were married in the quarter ending
Sept. 1852, giving a considerable excess on the numbers
(74,310) married in the corresponding quarter of the pre-
vious year. The number of marriages was 38,291,whi1e
in 'the summer quarters of 1840-3 the number of mar-
riages never exceeded 29,397, and in 1842 fell so low as
27,288 ; in the summer of 1844 there was a sudden in-
crease, and in the summer of 1845 the marriagefttimere
35,003 ; in 1847-8 the numbers fell back to 32,439, and
rose slowly until the summer of 1849 ; in each of the
three succeeding summers (1850-2) the marriages have
not been less than 37,155 in number. Nothing proba-
bly indicates more accurately than these figures the con-
dition of the people, or the view which they took of their
prospects in life during the last 11 summers.
The rate of marriage is still high in Londen, and the
marriages were 7,109 in the last, 7,345 in the previous,
Sept. quarter, whereas they amounted only to 5,747 in
the corresponding quarter of 1848. The marriages in-
creased in all the south-eastern counties. In the south-
midland division the marriages were nearly stationary.
In Essex, Suffolk, and Norfolk, the marriages also in-
creased. In the south-western division the increase of
marriages was greatest in Devonshire and Somersetshire
was particularly conspicuous in St. Thomas, Newton
Abbot, Plymouth, Taunton, Yeovil, and Bath. The
marriages increased in each of the west and the north
midland counties, particularly in Stroud, Cirencester,
Ludlow, and Clun (where a railway has recently been
carried), Shrewsbury, Dudley, Worcester, King's Nor-
ton, Birmingham, Coventry, Warwick, Caistor, Leices-
ter, Nottingham, where manufactures are actively car-
ried on. In Cheshire and Lancashire marriages are
much more numerous than they were in 1848, but less
numerous than they were in 1850 ; in Manchester and
Liverpool the marriages are declining. Yorkshire is
nearly in the same condition as Lancashire ; the mar-
riages in the West Riding have not increased to any
extent since 1850. In the northern division the mar-
riages decreased ; .they increased in Wales.

BIRTHS.
152,066 births were registered in the last quarter of
the year, whereas the numbers in the quarter ending
December, 1851, were 149,155. The births registered in
London, in the West Midland counties, and in York-
shire, increased ; in the other divisions the numbers
scarcely exceeded those in the previous year.

INCREASE OF POPULATION.
As the births in the quarter were 152,066, the deaths
99,946, the natural increase was 52,120. The number
of emigrants who sailed in the quarter from London was
12,322 ; Plymouth, 1,676 ; Liverpool, 41,317 ; from the
three English ports, 55,315. The total numbers who
sailed from the ports of the United Kingdom at which
there are Government mi.-ration agents, amounted to
57,913. Many who sailed' from other ports are not in
the return, and it is well known that a large proportion
of the emigrants who sail from Liverpool are by birth
Irish. At present it is probable, taking all circumstances
into account, that the emigration from England is not
equal to its natural increase.
The number of emigrants who sailed during the year
1852, from the ports of the United Kingdom at which
there are emigration agents, amounted to 350,647, or
certainly not less, taking the year through, and other
ports into account, than 1,0001. a-day.
The price of provisions has increased since last year ;
in last three months of 1852 wheat was 40s. sd. a quar-
ter ; beef, by the carcase, at Leadenhall and Newgate
markets, 4d. a
cpound ;;mutton, sd. a pound ; pota-
toes, (Yorlt-rkents), 105 s. a ton-at :the waterside mar-
ket, Southwark. In the corresponding three months of
1851 the prices were—wheat, 365. 7d. a quarter; beef,
4d. ; mutton, 42d. perlb. ; potatoes 70s. Potatoes are there-
fore, through the disease with which they have been in-
fested, dearer by 50. per cent., wholesale, in London,
than they were at the same time last year.
It should be recollected that the potato cannot be re-
placed in the dietary of the people by bread or meat.
Fruit and vegetables are indispensable constituents of
man's food ; and without a due supply of them to the
population, scurvy and malignant diseases of various
kinds break out. Turnips, carrots, artichokes, green
vegetables, oranges, and lemons, should be procured,
where there are means, in towns ; in the country the
old practice of drinking herb teas with cream of tartar
would be salutary.

7"

follows !—"Births; 840 ; deaths, 231. Of the deaths
there were registered in October, 70 ; November, 60 ;
December, 101. The excess, therefore, is in December,
which may be chiefly attributable to the state of the
weather, which has been almost constantly wet. Nearly
half of the deaths registered in that month have been
from disease of the respiratory organs. The deaths
from fever of all kinds have been only five in October,
six in November, and eight in December, including one
fro_n ' malignant fever,' supposed to have been. yellow
fever, the deceased having been one of the 9gmeers of
the La Plata steam-ship, from the West Indies, which
lost several on board from that fever."
The registrar of Broughton, Stockbridge, who is a sur-
geon, says :—" Since the Ist of August last, upwards of
90 cases of fever have been attended by me in East
Tytherly alone. Under one roof in two rooms (and one
of them a small one) 14 persons sleep. In one room the
mother of one family lies delirious, and in the other
the mother and daughter of the other both ill of fever.
Nuisances surround the cottage ; there is defective drain-
age on a clay soil. In Broughton fever has raged and
is still existing in a very swampy locality."
The mortality was below the average in several dis-
tricts of the South Midland Counties ; but Uxbridge,
Peterborough, Huntingdon, and a few other districts
were exceptions to the rule. Ware suffered from rheu-
matic and intermittent fevers ; Waddesdon (Aylesbury)
and Higham Ferrers from typhus ; Suffolk and Norfolk
were healthier than usual ; in Essex the mortality ex-
ceeded the average. Low typhoid fever prevailed in
Rayleigh, Rocbford—the registrar himself had attended
130 cases of low fever. Typhus prevails to a great
tent in the solitary parish situated in a valley of South-
minster, Maldon, in the low village of Horningham, St.
Faith ; and in Downham typhus prevailed in the vicinity
of a foul pool of water in the parish of Lyng (Norfolk) ;
the cause was removed at the instance of the Board of
Guardians, and the fever has abated. The dirty ponds
which are found all about the country, near farm and
other houses, are unquestionably noxious, as is proved
by this and many other examples. The registrar Of... Mi-
ddle King's Lynn, where the births of 235 living children
were registered, has ascertained that, in the year 1852,
24 still-born children were interred by the sexton. rn
Ludham, emigration, the registrar says, appears to have
diminished the births.

The mortality was below the average in all the south-
western counties except Wiltshire. The health of North
Bradley is in a satisfactory state, which the registrar
ascribes to the " larger command of the necessaries of
life now possessed even by the poorest." The deaths in
the Amesbury sub-district exceed the births, owing to
the prevalence of typhus in Bulford and in Amesbury.
An airy healthy house has been engaged as a temporary
fever hospital by a gentleman in the neighbourhood.
Fever prevails in Cerne. In Lyme the sewers have been
thoroughly cleansed, and the 'Common Lodging-house
Act has been carried out; the deaths have fallen consid-
erably. Scarlatina has been fatal in Newlyn, St,
Columb; dysentery in Falmouth, where the last of 21
deaths from the disease occurred on November 15th.
Ilchester is healthy; a friendly society of 240 members,
of the average age of 30-35, has lost only two members
by death since June, 1849; but at Kington Magna,
Wincanton, fever of a very bad type has, within the last
three months, made its appearance in the parish. The •
cottages are small, crowded, badly ventilated; decayed
vegetables and refuse have been allowed to accumulate.

In the sixth division the deaths in Herefordshire and
Staffordshire are above, while the deaths in the other
counties are below, the average. Small-pox has been
fatal in Bristol ; the registrar of St. Augustine notices a
variety of the disease which has been fatal in Thatched-
house-lane. Typhus and scarlatina prevail in Webbley.
Herefordshire ; measles and hooping-cough in Chin ; and
the registrar of Wem, Shropshire, records an instance of
fever apparently generated by putrescent matter adja-
cent to the house. Scarlatina has prevailed in Staf-
fordshire ; fever and pulmonary complaints have pre-
vailed in Birmingham. The mortality has been above
the average in Stoke-upon-Trent, Wolstanton, and New-
castle-under-Lyme ; also in Wolverhampton and the dis-
tricts around.

In the North Midland Division, the mortality in the
counties of Leicester, Nottingham, and Derby is above,
in Lincoln below, the average. The health of Leicester,
Grantham, Basford, and Derby has not been good.
Scarlatina has been fatal in Loughborough, Spalding,
Worksop, and Nottingham, where typhus has also pre-
vailed.

In Cheshire and Lancashire the mortality is above
the average; 17,255 people died. Scarlatina has pre-
vailed in many districts, and typhus in some places has
been epidemic. The deaths in Liverpool are fewer, in
Manchester more, than is usual.
Yorkshire experienced the average rate of mortality ;
10,657 persons died in the quarter. In Leeds and
Sheffield the mortality is below the average. Scarlatina,
typhus, and small-pox were epidemic in many parts of
the county ; 24 deaths from small-pox, 11 from scarla-
tina, happened in Scarborough. The healthiness of
Barnsley is referred to the active employment of the
labouring population.

The Northern Counties have been less healthy than •
usual ; 6,679 deaths have been registered ; scarlatina has
extensively prevailed. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and the
districts around, Durham, Carlisle, Cockermouth, and
Whitehaven, have lost more than the average number of
lives, chiefly, it would appear, from scarlatina.
In Wales, 6,005 persons died. Small-pox, through _-
the neglect of vaccination has been prevalent and fatal.
Parts of Wrexham are in a filthy state, and there epide-
mics prevail. Cardiganshire, and the other high districts
of Wales have been as healthy as usual.
The meteorology of this unusual seas* is discussed by
Mr- Olaisher, as follows :
"The daily temperature was beTOW-its average',inliuf
till October 19, and it was alternately in excess and
defect from October 20 to October 29. On October 30
a period of weather set in, of higher temperature
and longer continuance, 'at this season of the year,
than any on record. The mean temperature of the
month of November was 48 deg. 9 min., being 61 deg.

in excess of the average of so years ; during which
period one instance only of a higher temperature has
taken place, viz., in 1818, when the average temperature
of this month was 49 deg. The mean temperature of
December was• 47 deg. 6 min., exceeding the average of
the month by no less than 84 deg., and being of higher tem-
perature than any December so far as our records extend.
The nearest approach to this value was in 1806, when
the mean temperature of December was 46 deg. 8 min.
The quarter has been remarkable for a continuanee of
heavy falls of rain, which characterised the preceding
quarter. In some places as much rain has fallen within
this quarter as occasionally falls in the entire year. The
fall in the year has greatly exceeded its average, amount-
ing to 50 inches in depth nearly, in the counties of Corn-
wall and Devonshire ; between 30 and 40 inches at
most inland places ; and exceeding 58 inches at both
Stonyhurst and North Shields. During the whole of
the quarter the weather has been unsettled, the reading
of the barometer has been subjected to great and fre-
quent fluctuations, and has been generally low ; the
amount of water mixed with the air, in the shape of
vapour, notwithstanding the continued rain, has been
that only due to the season, and, therefore, on account
of the much higher temperature than usual, the degree
of humidity has been less than that common to the sea-
son. The mean temperature of the air at Greenwich
for the quarter ending November, constituting the three
autumn months, was 51 deg. 2 min., being 1 deg. 9 min.
above the average of 80 years."

STATE OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH.
99,946 deaths were registered during the last quarter
of the year 1852. In the corresponding quarter oflBsl
the deaths were 99,248. The annual rate of mortality
in the last quarter is at the rate of 2.197 per cent.,
which is higher than the average rate, or than the mor-
tality in the corresponding quarters of 1842-45, and in
1848, in 1850-51, but much lower than 2.545 and 2'389,
the rates of morality in 1846-47.
On dividing the country into two large divisions, the
first of 117 districts, comprising the chief towns, and a
population of 7,795,882, the second of 506 districts,
having a population of 10;126,886, it is found that the
mortality in the town districts was, during the quarter,
at the rate of 2.514 per cent. per annum, which is below
the average (2.579), while the mortality in the country
districts was at the rate of 1.982 per cent. per annum,
or somewhat above the average of the corresponding
quarter (1-941).
The unfavourable condition still prevailing in the
towns is, however, too evident ; to every four deaths
out of a given number living in the country, five deaths
occurred out of an equal number living in the towns
during the last quarter ; and on an average, out of equal
numbers living, four die in the towns during autumn to
every three who die in the country. The causes by
which this mortality is wrought affect the whole organ-
isation of children, and must ultimately produce a dege-
neration of large numbers of the English race. But
there is apparently no reason why, by the use of the
same or more efficient means, the health of all the town
populations should not be improved to the same extent
as the health of the navy. The work would be greater ;
so would the benefit and the glory. It is evident, how-
ever, that, though her Majesty's Government may con-
tribute to this happy change in the public health, by
proposing and carrying out good laws, they can only be
successful in measures involving an infinite number of
details by the energetic action of the authorities and of
the people living in towns, where human life is now so
much impaired and shortened.
In London the mortality was below the average.
13,681 deaths were registered in the December quarter.
2,851 of the deaths were referred to zymotic diseases,
74 to small-pox, 121 to measles, 952 to scarlatina (which
has been unusually fatal), 343 to diarrhoea, 14 to cholera,
41 to influenza, 654 to typhus (136 less than in the
year preceding). Erysipelas, fatal in 67 instances,
was also less prevalent than usual. The deaths from
diseases of variable and uncertain seat, as well as from
tubercular diseases, fluctuate little ; thus the deaths from
cancer in London during the five last autumns were
240, 242, 219, 223, and 228 ; deaths from consumption
1,456, 1,473, 1,455, 1,737, and 1,662. The cause of the
considerable increase in the deaths from consumption
during the last two "autumns is unknown. 1,492. per-
sons died from diseases of the brain (which vsary iendcono-f
siderably from year to year), 8 above
n di
the usual
apoplexy, 238 of paralysis, 118
number) from epilepsy. 517 deaths
(40
ere
referred to
Bto
rodisnrhistes
of the lungs and other organs diseases of the heart and blooosdo-fverses:ra,
were
03n5.9
wasdeaths. Hernia, ileus, intussusception, and stricture
the cause of 1,006 deaths, pneumonia of 1,0326
of the intestinal canal were fatal in 109 instances, a
number one-fourth above the average. 115 mothers
died in childbirth, 46 by. metria (or puerperal fever), and
69 by
.other diseases incidental to that state. The
births in London during the quarter were about 20,482,
consequently one mother died to every 178 children
born alive. The deaths from carbuncle and phlegmon
(23), though not considerable, are more numerous than
in the autumn quarter of 1851, and twice as numerous
as in the previous autumns (1848-50). 20 deaths were
referred directly to intemperance ; 26 to delirium tre-
mens ; 54 to the want of breast milk; two to privation :
one to cold ; 26 to poison ; 66 to burns and scalds. 93
deaths were referred to hanging, strangling, and suffo-
cation ; and the number's from these causes has rapidly
increased of late from 22 in the autumn of 1848
to 41, 54, 55, and 93 in the autumns succeeding. 108
deaths by drowning have also been registered in the
quarter, or 50 more than the average of the correspond-
ing quarter.
The mortality in Surrey, Sussex, and Hampshire was
below the average ; in Kent about, in Berkshire above,
the average. The deaths in Reigate during the last
three autumns were 44, 51, 68 ; in Croydon 132, 132,
176. In Kingston, Dartford, and the Medway, the
mortality was much below the average ; so also was it
in Margate, Ramsgate, Brighton, and Hastings. In
Dover the deaths were 193—the mortality high ;
in
Portsea Island, Southampton, and Winchester, the
deaths also exceeded the average number. Tile
banks
tality in nearly all the districts of Berkshire, on the D
of the Thames, was above the average ; scarlatina pre-
vailed. The registrar's note on Southampton is as

AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS' STRIKE IN SOUTH WILT-
SHIRE.—The effects of the tide of emigration, which has
for some time past carried away from English shores
large bodies of our labouring population, has already
been felt in Wiltshire and the adjoining counties. The
labourers at Barford, Codford, and Fovant, with scarcely
an exception, have left work, and have waited on the
farmers by deputation, demanding an advance from 7s.
to 9s. per week. The farmers seem not unwilling to ad-
vance slightly upon the old rate of wages, but the peas-
antry refuse to make any concession, and resolutely
O nan Monday
de-
clarelasttht he epya
rwi
si ihl he af v
Be
a9rs I. oar dw Se et
k.
Mora nr
tnh i
presentedn g.
un-
usually excited appearance, in consequence of a body of
.labourers, numbering fromlso to 200, assembling in the
farm-yard of Mr. Swetman, a large farmer in the parish.
Mr. Swetman had to fill the dung-cart himself, his la-
bourers having joined the strike, and was so engaged
when the men surprised him in his own homestead ;
however, they were exceedingly peaceable, merely stat-
ing their determination to get the advance they asked,
and to obtain a Friday instead of a Saturday night's
settlement. Whole bodies of men who had joined the
strike then proceeded from farm to farm, and ultimately
the rector of the parish, the Hon. and Rev. S. Walde.
grave, was called upon to endeavour to compromise the
matter. The rev. gentleman set about his task with the
earnest desire of benefitting both pat des, but his recom-
mendation of a uniform rate of wages of Bs. per week,
thus " splitting the difference," was scornfully rejected
by the men. Matters remain up to the present in the
same state.

AGRICULTURE AND POTTERY.—The congress of the de-
legates of the learned societies of the departments was
occupied on Saturday with some questions connected
with agriculture. Count de Vigneral brought forward
the question of sheep breeding, and, after some discus-
sion, the congress came to the decision that the merino
race ought as much as possible to be kept purein France,
and that the flesh of the French race would be improved
for food by a cross with the English race. M. de la
Fresnaye read a paper on the osteology of birds, and on
the modifications to be perceived in their skeletons ac-
cording to their manner of living. The question was
then examined as to whether "the ceramic art could not
receive a new impulse in the departments by means of
the Academical Societies." M. de Caumont observed that
formerly Lisieux possessed a celebrated pottery, where.'
at present nothing was more ordinary than the war"
manufactured there. M. d'Elruc said that the manu-
facture under discussion had gained much ground at
Forges les-Eaux (geine-Inf4rieure). A large quran-
tity of the pottery from that place was even expo _
to England. M. Bordeau said that the pottery o(f
Lisieux was in the 16th and 17th centurty a
et
sst'ea el
e i ms
e o f
nearly equal to that of Palissy. presen , b
cnualo,siutfiesp,
adiiisshsye,s
wwbeereu
ulf.reqrsauelinttylytsboely
in d
aid
dmbaedeen yms.
neur--
factured at Lisieux. Rouen the 17th century was
famous for a species of white delf with blue ornaments,.
marked by great correctness and richness. of design.
Alsace
baylstobefonrammerelyof pcossruld,
of Strasburg,
setxrastebnusirvge,
bpuotttietryis,
known
now quite extinct. St. Germain-de-la-Poterie, near
Beauvais, mentioned by Rabelais, was not only cele-
brated for its ware, but for its tiles for paving churches.
M. Rame said that an immense impulse could be given
to the ceramic art in France by giving up to it the de-
coration of the floors of chapels, as was practised in the
middle ages in the north of France, and in following the
banks of the Loire to Angers. The English at present,
M. Rame said, possessed three manufactories of tiles
intended for buildings, to which they gave the name of
Norman tiles, in allusion to those formerly manufactured
in such quantities in Normandy.—Gdignarti.

IS INDIA to HAVE RAILWAYS?-,--
1. See COLONIAL and ASIATIC REVIEW for February,
ISZ3.—May be ordered of any booliseller or newsagent.

THEATRE ROYAL, IIiYMARKET

Farewell Season of 'Afr.:Benjamin Webster as Lessee and Manager

TIII3 EVENING, FEB. 2,
'Will be performed the celebrated Comedy of MONEY, by Messrs.
"tarry Sullivan, B. Webster, Leigh Murray, Howe, Lambert, Buck-
tit,ne, and Paneile; Mrs. Fitzwilliam, Mrs. Buckingham, and Mrs.
Stirling.
After which, the gorgeous Extravaganza, entltlel LEO THE
TERRIBLE.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. -
Under the Management of Madame Vestris.
TEM EVENING, FEB. 2,

Will be performed the Comic Drama called A PHENOMENON
IN A. SMOCK-FROCK. Characters by Messrs. C. Mathews, F.
Matthews, and Horricastle ; .Miss F. Baker and Miss C. Mitchell.
After which, the new and popular original Fairy Extravaganza,
entitled THE GOOD WOMAN IN THE WOOD, in which Messrs.
F, Matthews, Suter, Horncastle, and Templeton; Madame Vest ris,
Miss Julia St. George, Miss Robertson, Miss Martindale, Miss Ellis,
Tiss Wyndham, Miss Eglinton, and Mias Rosina Wright will appear.
To conclude with LITTLE TODDLEKINS.

Avnt, to: the Private Boxes, Air. W. Allcrott, 15, New
"ilmt.street.

THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI.
Proprietor, Yr. B. Webster.—Directress, Madame Celeste.
THIS EVENING, FEB. 2,

Will be presented the powerful new Drama of SLAVE LIFE ; or,
iTuele c7abin—by Messrs. Alfred Wigan, 0. Smith, Find
Emery ; M !tii :AMC Celeste, Miss Woolgar, Miss Harding, Miss Laura
Honey, rnriik Mrs. Keeley.

To conclude with the successful new Comic Pantomime, called
NCLI. t;tV Y' NE ; or, Harlequin Merrie Monarch. Principal
Dansetre, Mdle. Auriol • 11r;wn, Mr. Flex lore.

ROYAL i'IIINCES'S'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STHE EV.
Under the Management of Mr. C. Kean.
THIS EVENING, FEB. 2,
Will be perforraed the Tragedy of HAMLET- Principal charac-
ters b Messrs. C. Kean, W. Lacy, Harley, Addison, Ryder, J. Yin-
Meadowest Graham, and Cathcart ; Misses Heath and Daly,
and Mrs. Daffy
To com.dade with the new and criginal Grand Comic Christ-
mas ParAtAmline, entitled HARLEQUIN CHERRY AND FAIR
STAR • or, The Green Bird, the Dancing Waters, and the
Singirig. Tree. Harlequin, Mr. Cormacit ; Clown, Mr. Hahne; Pan-
talo'Jn, Mr. Paulo ; Columbine, Miss o.arlotta Leclercq.

ROYAL OLYMF;I: THEATRE.
Lessee and Manager, Mr. Farren.
THIS EVENING, FEB. 2,

Will be presented LITAA'S GERVAIS. Supported by Messrs.
Compton, W. Farren, jun ~ Hoskins, Cooke, Edgar, Bender, and
Clifton; Misses Anderton and H. Gordon.
After which, JOHN TJOBBS. John Dobbs, Mr. W. Farren, jun. ;
Patterncster, Mr. Cort,,pton,
To conclude with P.OMEO AND JULIET; or, Harlequin Queen
Mab and the World •of Dreams. Clown, Mr. Edwin Edwardes, with
his highly-trained T.Jogs.
Box-office open from Eleven till Five, under the superintendence
of Mr. Edward C,hatterton.

AS'TLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty.
Crowded Nightly to witness the Extraordinary Holiday Attractions
LAST TO TIEK BUT FITE of Mr. BATTY'S MANAGEMENT,
As he is about retiring from the Profession, having Let the Theatre
to Mr. WILLIAM COOKE.
THIS EVENING, FEB. 2,
And. 'following Evenirta, will be presented the Equestrian Drama
of 17 S CLE TOM'S CABIN.
Ala er which, an unequalled Routine of Scenes in the Circle.
, T-0 conclude with the Grand Comic Pantomime of FORTUNIO
IL.-C,) HIS HORSE COMRADE; or, Harlequin and the Seven
Gm Led Men.
'On THURSDAY, Feb. 3, the Last Juvenile Performance willtake
Viace, when the Pantomime will be played first—concluding, by
7.l.3even o'clock, with a popular Farce.
Doors open at Half-past Six o'clock. To commence at Seven.
Box-office open daily from Eleven to Four. Stage Manager, Mr.
W. West.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.

Tats DAT —Morning 41 min. after 7 1 Evening 12 min.aft. 8
To-Moßßow—Morning 49 min. after 8 Evening 28 min.aft. 9