The Sun.
London, England, 1854-09-15 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 15, 18540

we may hate the criminal ; and ALEXANDER in-
variably spoke slightingly of the act, notwith-
standing the praise accorded to it in cosequence
of the magnitude of the results—but for which it
would have been held up to the reprobation of all
future generations as a most fearful and horrible
atrocity !

Wo have alluded to these facts from the strong
hold that they appear to have taken on the ima-
gination of the CZAR, and which invests everything
connected with the campaign of 1812 with intense
interest at the present moment. A comparison of
the events of that year, so disastrous to the for-
tunes of the first NAPOLEON, will, however, show
that there is really no similitude between the two
epochs. France sent a gigantic army, exceeding
half a million of disciplined soldiers, into the field,
but its enormous magnitude proved the chief
source of the calamities that subsequently befel
it. It was impossible to provide food and shelter
for such numbers, more especially as there is
but too much grounds for believing that the im-
mense magazines and stores which the provident
forethought of NAPOLEON had established at
Wilna, Wetepsk, Muisk, Mobilow, Smolensko,
dzc., &c., were, in a great degree, " plundered
and wasted by the very hands appointed to guard
and distribute them 1" Can we, therefore, won-
der that the devastation of the country and the
destruction of its capital should have had a most
ruinous and fatal effect on the fortunes of those
thus deprived of almost all their resources ? On
every contested field the honour of France was nobly
maintained. Even under their most bitter trials
the troops and ;their Imperial Commander proved
themselves mutually worthy of each other ; and
the passage of the Beresnia must ever be regarded
as one of the most brilliant exploits of the greatest
General that ever lived, whether in ancient or
modern times.

To those desirous of acquiring an intimate
knowledge of those eventful proceedings, we would
earnestly commend an unpretending but intensely
interesting little work by Major-General KNOLLYS,
formerly of the Scots Fusilier Guards, and
now the efficient and popular Lieutenant-
Governor of Guernsey. It is a translation
from the French of Lieutenant-General DE
FEZENSAC, who commanded the 4th Regiment
during the retreat. He was thus placed in the
division of Marshal NEY, and, as one of the rear-
guard, had ample opportunities of witnessing
those fearful scenes in all their awful horrors.
The " Introduction" of General KNOLLY is, how-
ever, even more important, for it gives the best
and most impartial view of the entire affair. It
was, it appears, written expressly for the library
of his own Regiment ; but we can answer that at
all times, more especially at this moment, it pos-
sess a charm for civilians as well as soldiers, af-
fording, as it does, the most correct information
respecting matters of paramount interest to the
community.

A voice which none can despise has just pro-
nounced in the hearing of Europe the name of
Poland. The venerable Prince ADAM CZAR-
TORYSKI, once the friend of ALEXANDER, and a
better servant to the brutal savages NICHOLAS
and CONSTANTINE than they deserved ; the re-
pressor of revolutionary counsels, though com-
pelled by circumstances to become the President
of the National Government in the Polish insur-
rection of 1831—an insurrection wholly due to the
brutalities and cruelties of the Archduke CON-
STANTINE ; this venerable statesman has spoken
aloud to Poland, and that from Paris. Gladly
would we believe that he knows himself welcome
to speak. Many are the reasons why the monarch
who is master of every utterance from the banks
of the Seine should espouse the cause of Poland.
It is one which has ever been popular With his
countrymen. Polish and French legions long fought
side by side, andthe two soldier-like people learned
to admire each other's courage. Frenchmen, to a
man, would exult in the restitution of Poland, and
would be proud that France should be the re-
storer. Then, Polish nationality is an unfulfilled
promise of NAPOLEON I.—a promise which he
lived to regret that he overlooked. The retreat
from Moscow might have been far less disastrous,
and the visit of the Russians to Paris after Wa-
terloo almost certainly prevented, had Poland
been a large and powerful kingdom. And even
now, should the hereditary despots east of the
Rhine plot against the throne of NAPOLEON 111.
and the liberties of France, a powerful Poland
would give them work enough to do if it owed
to him its national existence. We may behove,
too, that Lours NAPOLEON is not indifferent to
the place his name may fill in European history.
Certainly nothing would fix it in a more perma-
nently honourable place than to be the prime
mover in compelling restitution of Russian, Prus-
sian, and Austrian spoliations, and in raising
from the grave a buried, though yet living, nation.
Whatever may be augured or hoped from the
place whence the PRINCE dates his letter, much
is to be noticed in the fact that he should speak to
his countrymen now, and in the tone which he
adopts. He gives them no rash, no stimulating
counsels, but points out to them the aspect of the
political horizon, and advises them to note the pecu-
liar manner in which PROVIDENCE has made
Poland an important word ; still he warns them
rather to remain quiet than to move without
adequate guarantees. He well remembers the
oft-deceived hopes of the Poles, and especially
how in 1831, like Hungary in 1849, they vainly
hoped that the great Western nations would inter-
fere, if only in their own interests, to demand
that Poland should be abulwarle against Musco-
vite barbarism, instead of a bridge for its
baneful influence on European civilisation. He
justly observes that "Poland, without its name
being pronounced (by diplomatists, he means,
of course), imposes herself by the force
of things on the thoughts of nations, of the Ca-
binets and the Statesmen of Europe." All men
and all Governments who feel that Russia is too
over-grown for the quiet of Europe must see in
Poland the obvious remedy—a remedy by an act
of mere political justice, and one which, had it
been done at the treaty of Vienna, would have
saved all the present turmoil and expense. It is
impossible that Poland should not be now in the
thoughts of every politician and every patriot.
Nothing, however, can be more cautious than
his advice. Cultivate your nationality, wait ou
events, move not till somo powerful nation de-
mands your liberty, then let Poles from all parts
of their native land and of Europe rush to the
national banner ; till then preserve your present
calm and prudent attitude. Such is the substance
of his counsel ; he believes that PROVIDENCE
is directing events towards the end dear to his
heart. Perhaps he breathes a more hopeful at-
mosphere in France. We are free to confess that
while the duty and the interest of civilised, and
and especially of free, nations is sufficiently obvious,
our leading men in this country are the most hope-
less set he can possibly look to. We have a Cabi-
net without one master-mind, and half shop-keep-
ing, half Russian. One section of it dreams of
nothing but exports and imports, per centages and
Exchequer Bonds, besides a tolerable share of
leaning to absolutism. Another section is Russian
A.
and Tory for, the charm of the things themselves ;
and though they are forced by regard for place to
.confront the CL n, they take their revenge by lay-
ing on us the heaviest pecuniary penalty they
dare, squandering all of the money they can,
holding the
hands of our soldiers andl sailors,
and sending them
to fight the cholera rather
than the Russians. Not one noble aspiration,
or bold and spontaneous deed— nothing be-
yond the vaguely gallant words of but one mem-
ber in the Cabinet have we yet heard of. No
effort
made to interest the nation
in what they take its money for ; it has been the
'or t have they
nation's task to arouse its heartless, or rather its
philo-Russian, servants.
We have, however, one hope—they may be

"drifting" towards Polish Emancipation. This,
indeed, appears to be what the Princo chiefly
looks to. He too well knows the selfish and ab-
solutist tendencies of our governors to put his
trust in them ; but a long political experience has
taught him that even Czars, Emperors, and. Pre-
miers cannot stem the course of events.. Should
the CZAR protract the war through another cam-
paign ; should Austrian perfidy, already beginning
to display its odious character in the provinces,
become too transparent and unbearable ;
_should
this real ally of Russia, this coveter of the pro-
vinces, be unmasked beyond the possibility of
pretending mistake, who can then tell what the
complications and the solution of them may be ?
The indignation of the French, German, and
English nations may become unmanageable, their
rulers may be compelled in self-defence wholly to
change their course, and the venerable Prince
CZARTORYSKI, with the snows of age on his
temples, may aid with his latest counsels to con-
solidate the Government of restored Poland.

THE CAMP AT BOULOGNE.

THURSDAY EVENING,

A. review of the infantry at Helfault and of the cavalry
at Bruyeres took place to-day, in the presence of the
Emperor and the Prussian General Wedel.
After the review the Emperor returned to Boulogne.

AUSTRALIA.

LIVERPOOL, SEPT. 14,

The clipper-ship Indian Queen, one of Messrs. James
Baines and Co's. Black Ball line of Liverpool and Aus-
tralian packets, arrived in the Mersey this morning, at 6
o'clock, having on board 240 passengers, and gold dust
and nuggets to the value of 246,0001. She left Mel-
bourne on the 27th of May, but on the 7th of August
she put in at Pernambuco for water, where she was de-
tained until the 10th of the same month. Her advices
have been anticipated.

HER MAJESTY'S PROGRESS TO
BALMORAL.

ARRIVAL AT NEWARK.

The Royal train arrived at Newark from Peterborough
at 43 minutes past 10 o'clock. The station was filled
with the most. influential ladies and gentlemen of the
town, who were permitted to assemble on the up-side of
the platform, the down-side being reserved for the com-
pany's officials and the conductors of the train. Moon,
one of the oldest drirers in the company's service,
brought the Royal train from King's-cross Station,
where the engine was changed. The Royal train was
loudly cheered on its arrival and at its departure from
the station.

Mr. A. Sturrock, the locomotive engineer of the
Great Northern Railway, took charge of each engine
along with the driver, and in addition to this there was
a communication between the guard and the driver. Mr.
Edwards, the manager of the electric telegraph on the
Great Northern Railway, was in the train, with an elec-
tric battery and wires, in order to communicate with
any part of the line, and to have communication ready
in case of accident. One of the company's servants was
on the tender to watch for any signals which might be
given from the Royal carriage. After two or three
minutes' delay in taking in water the Royal train pro-
ceeded to Bawtry, where the engine was changed. The
station and its approaches were thronged with specta-
tors ; but the excellent arrangements which had been
made by the company prevented anything like confusion.
The same demonstration of respect for the Sovereign
was manifested at Bawtry, and indeed at all other sta-
tions where a passing glimpse of the carriages could be
obtained. On the arrival of the royal train at Doncas-
ter, and in consequence of its being the races, r very
large crowd of persons collected and cheered the train
as itopassed. Her Majesty and the Prince Consort fre-
quently acknowledged the gratulations of the people at
Peterborough, Newark, and other places. The progress
of the train was telegraphed from station to station, and
orders were given for the suspension of the traffic for
half an hour before the train was due and danger signals
exhibited five minutes before the royal train was ex-
pected to pass. A pilot engine, in the charge of Mr.
Johnson, superintendent of the locomotive department,
followed the train. A complete staff of workmen and
officials of the railway accompanied the train with the
necessary tools, &c., for the repair of the train in the
event of a break down. The speed of the engines had
been previously tried, and the journey between London
and Peterborough, 76 miles, was performed in 82
minutes. The train was permitted to run through at
the Knottingley Junction on its way to York.

THE QUEEN'S ARRIVAL AT YORK.
Early on Wednesday preparations were in active ope-
ration at the York station of the North Eastern Rail-
way, for securing the comfort of the Queen. The arrival
platform, which is upwards of 300 feet long, was covered
with a rich tapestry carpet, and tables were arranged at
the sides and ends, filled with vases and flowers of the
richest fragrance. By the erection of barriers the public
were wholly excluded from the north, or arrival, side of
the platform ; the south side was filled by several hun-
dred of the principal families in the neighbourhood, who
were admitted by ticket, and the fair sex being in a large
majority, the assembled throng had a gay and animated
appearance.

A squadron of the 7th Hussars, under the command
of Colonel Haggart, occupied a position near the Railway
Hotel, and were accompanied by their magnificent band.
The 2d West York Light Infantry, under the command
of Colonel Smyth (M.P. for the city of York), formed
the guard of honour, and with their regimental colours
and new uniforms presented a very martial appearance.
They were placed on the west portion of the arrival
platform, and presented arms on the arrival of the Royal
train, their excellent band playing the National Anthem.
The Royal train appeared without the city walls at
12.40, and as it passed through the Tudor arch, and en-
tered within the city, most deafening cheers greeted the
Royal personages.

The Archbihop of York, the Earl of Carlisle, the
Lord Mayor of York (Geo. Leeman, Esq.), and other
gentlemen were in attendance to receive her Majesty.
The train proceeded slowly into the station, and the
Queen, accompanied by his Royal Highness Prince
Albert arid the Royal children, alighted at 12.44. The
Lord Mayor conducted her Majesty from the carriage, a
distance of about 50 yards, to the Station Hotel, where
a suite of apartments had been fitted up for the accom-
modation of the Royal party, and where a sumptuous
luncheon was served.
General Arbuthnot, the commander of the district,
with is staff, were in close attendance upon the Royal
party.
Her Majesty remained in the hotel precisely 30 mi-
nutes, and at 14 minutes past 1 again appeared on the
platform, and proceeded to the Royal saloon amidst
deafening plaudits, both the military bands playing the
National Anthem.

The Queen was pleased to express her admiration of
the 2d West York Light Infantry, and to pay a high
compliment on the corps for their admirable bearing and
military appearance.
The train left the York station at 1.16, and soon was
in full motion towards the north, the route being lined
with a loyal and enthusiastic throng for a considerable
distance from the city.

ARRIVAL AT DARLINGTON.
The Royal train reached Darlington at 2.15, being five
minutes before the time fixed in the time-table. At this
station strict orders had been given that no one should
be allowed to be upon the platform, and it was rigor-
ously carried ont, it being stated to be the Queen's ex-
press order; consequently the number of persons assem-
bled was not large. A body of the county police, in
their dashing new uniforms, were on duty to preserve
order, under Mr. Superintendent Robson. A. few
minutes before the arrival of the train, the Royal
standard, an elegant flag belonging to the Darlington
Horticultural Society, was hoisted. On the train leav-
ing the station—one of the dirtiest-looking in the whole
route—a fresh engine was attached, and, after a stoppage
of about six minutes, it again moved off on its way to
the north. The people present, numbering several hun-
dreds, showed no enthusiasm, and we did not hear a
single cheer. A feeling of disappointment was prevalent
at not being permitted to display their loyalty, and it
is much to be regretted that it should be repressed.

ARRIVAL AT EDINBURGH.
The Queen and the Royal family arrived at St. Mar-
garet's station at half-past six o'clock ; from thence
they proceeded, amidst the acclamations of the people,
to Holyrood Palace, where the Lord Provost and magi-
strates were in attendance to receive her Majesty.
The Queen left Edinburgh this morning on her journey
northwards.

ST. MARY'S HALL, ST. MARY'S-ROAD, CANONBURY,
ISLINGTON.--Last night the re-opening lecture was de-
livered at this eminent institution for ladies by the Rev.
J. F. Denham, rector of St. Mary-le-Strand, &c., on the
practical benefits of the ladies' college system o educa-
tion. Every kind of objection to this mode of female
education was amply considered and refuted, and its es-
sential conduciveness was shown to even the temporal,
as well as intellectual, moral, and religious welfare of its
recipients. The lecture had been printed for the occa-
sion, and was obtainable at the institution.
MONTHLY PAYMENT OF SEAMEN.-At a recent meet-
ing of the Devonport Board of Commissioners, reported
in the Plymouth Journal, Mr. Harris drew the attention
of the board to the evils likely to arise from the new
system of paying the seamen employed in ships abroad
monthly, instead of allowing the arrears to accumulate
and paying off the ship at the end of the commission.
He was quite sure the result of the new system would
be to increase the cost of parochial relief in seaport
towns. Some further remarks were offered on this sub-
ject, and the matter dropped.
GARNETT AND MOSELEY GOLD MINING COMPANY OF
AMERICA.-Yesterday the ordinary general meeting of
this company (adjourned from September 7) was held at
their office, Cannon street, City, to receive the report
and accounts, and for general business. The report,
which was agreed to, stated that in addition to the
quartz raised from the mine there was at surface up.
wards of 200,000 tons of sand, which produced Bs.
worth of gold per ton ; but Professor Ansted had ex-
tracted gold equal in value to 3/. 10s. 6d.. To the 30th
June last, there had been expended in the purchase of
the mines, in money and shares, 27,5001. ; in stock,
plant, machinery, and houses, 5,4541. 9s. 11d. ; and in
labour, provisions, and all other expenses, 11,6631. 3s.
Id., making a total of 44,6171. 13s. ; while there had
been received from the sale of gold ore, 2,1551. 4s. 9d. ;
and profit on sale of shares, 1,3591. 7s. Gd. The ba.
lance-sheet showed an amount on either side, in-
cluding 8091. Is. cash in hand, and at the bankers', of
59,203/. 2s. 4d.
NORWICH MUSICAL FESTIVAL.-NORWICH, Thursday.
-The attendance at the morning performances in St.
Andrew's-hall has increased daily during the week.
This morning about 1,100 persons were present to hear
Mendelssohn's Elijah performed for the second time in
Norwich. The second part consisted principally of
selections from the works of Weber and Sphor. Meyer-
beer's magnificent Marche aux Flambeaux, given for the
first time in Norwich, brought the performances to a
close. At its commencement, however, the audience
rose to leave ; and ere it was finished the hall was
deserted.
ROBBERY OF A JEWELLER'S SHOP AT MANCHESTER.-
A young man, named Charles 'Wood, was brought be-
fore the city magistrates, at Manchester, yesterday,
charged with being implicated in a robbery of the shop
of Mr. Watson, silversmith and jeweller, Market-street.
About 2 o'clock yesterday morning a policeman ob-
served four men loitering about that street, and he and
some other officers went towards them, when the men
ran away. About 20 minutes afterwards the officers
heard a noise in Market-street, and on approaching Mr.
Watson's shop they discovered that the shutters had been
prised open at the bottom. The prisoner, who says be
comes from Sheffield, but is well known to associate
with thieves in Manchester, was remanded till Monday.
A WORD TO THE BUTCHER.-The baker is not the
only man who is indisposed to follow the markets when
there is a fall. The butchers, we are afraid, forget when
the price of beasts is reduced. We find that in Smith-
field butchers' meat has begun to fall as compared with
prices a month ago. If we contrast the tariff at the be-
ginning of August and September, the reduction will be
clearly perceived :-
August. September.
Beef
Mutton... 4s. 2d. to ss. 2d.
Lamb ... 4s. Bd. to ss. Bd.
It is high time the price of butchers' meat was giving
way ; fur, although the traffic in beasts now established
between Scotland and London tends to withdraw the
supplies, and the high wages enjoyed by so many of our
operatives lead to a greater consumption than usual, and
the two circumstances united tend to raise the price of
the commodity, it is still at a price unnaturally high,-
Glasgow Commonwealth.