The Sun.
London, England, 1854-09-13 00:00:00

[PRICE SD.

French &seal is off the island. The last of these were
embarked on Sunday, and all of them are now on
their way bs .ck to France. About 750 of those fine
soldiers have fallen victims to cholera, including three
officers and a colonel. Marshal d'Hilliers went on
board the D uke of Wellington on Monday, to take
leave of the commander-in-chief. The ships manned
yards and ch eered him on coming on board and on
leaving ; bet
i English and French flag-ships saluted
him with 17 guns. He left immediately afterwards.
About ten to ansports (the Prince amongst them), seven
steamers, twr o frigates, and one ship of the line, have
left for Fran re, in addition to those numbers-, about 7
or 8 left sines Wednesday last. The Sappers who were
on board the Julia have been placed on board the Ajax
(which vessel continues at Bourarsund), and are landed
daily to comp fete what little work has been left undone.
They are hl o wing up the new works which were com-
menced by t 5 a Emperor—such as the new barracks and
the foundatin s: is of other forts—which had been in a state
of progress. Some of the guns have been shipped on
board our ve sels. In a lottery for seven brass guns,
the French g of four, we drew three and a forge. All
the shot has b een thrown into the sea. The Edinburgh,
which left t b is place on the 30th ult., to try the effects
of her broads It les against the walls of the fort, has had
only a partia 1 trial. She fired against a solitary mass,
which had I ai sea left standing, but had been already
shaken by • Lt ie explosion. Large portions of the wall
came down ; but it cannot be considered a satisfactory
experiment b y any means. It is a great pity that
this ship a n d the fort had not a fair trial at each
other ; and this opportunity no doubt would have
been readily afforded to the Edinburgh by the garri-
son ,had she only gone in close enough to make the
trial, while t. be walls were solid, and the Russians
standing by t heir guns. It would, at the same time,
have saved tl ie Edinburgh a second trip up and down,
and would 1 is we been more thoroughly satisfactory to
the gunnery department of the service. Sir Charles
Napier and B rigadier-General Jones, who went up to
Bornarsund— —the former in the Odin, and the latter
in the Light sing—on the 30th ult., returned on Monday
evening in tl ie Lightning, which flew tire admiral's flag
pro tern., are lis now rehoisted in the Duke. The Bull-
dog arrived -on Sunday forenoon with the mail from
Dantzic. T Princess Royal has been detached to the
squadron in -the Gulf under Admiral Plumridge. The
transport P laslmoral,, with bullocks for the French,
en route to Bornarsund ; the Chapman, of London,
and the Ei ulish yacht Heroine, arrived here on
the 81st ult, The Cruiser has been sent to take
the place of a French frigate, to mark a shoal in
approaching -this anchorage. The Holyrood arrived
on the Ist h a st., with a heavy mail of seamen's letters,
and several b. igs of newspapers. The Nicolai left the
same day, wit h French troops, for Calais. The Gladia-
tor towed the Heroine to Bomathund (2d). The French
hospital ship was brought down on Sunday in tow of a
steamer. A :Prussian steamer also arrived with stores
for the Fren. I. Steamers are constantly on the move
now, runnin g up and down to Bomarsund, towing ships
and transports outside, and running in again to the an-
chorage. I t puts one quite in mind of some of our home
ports. A s mall Russian steamer, to the surprise of all
of us, made her way through the islands, and appeared
off Bamarse tad in time to see the main fort blown up,
on the evening of the 2d inst. She carried a flag of truce,
but this Ico asider a piece of expediency on her part. Her
real object, • without doubt, was to see what had been done
to the fortre saes, &c. She stated that she left Helsingfors
with the vie iv of embarking the wives and families of
the Russian prisoners, and not having met an English
man-of-war in her passage through the Gulf of Finland,
she conclud al the blockade was raised, and she pushed
on for Born 1.-rsund ! The admiral was going to detain
her ; but all ;hough her conduct was doubtful, he subse-
quently allo seed her to return.
We expen a-, to hear from Revel in a few days. It
blew furiou ti'y last night. Four French ships dragged
their anchor s--one got foul of the Duke, and carried
away the dc nkphin-strike.

A TUB ZUSH TRIBUTE TO ENGLISH
BENEVOLENCE.

(From the Anzaßhein, a Smyrna paper, of July 21.)
Mr. Gren v ills Murray, attached to the British em-
bassy at Con ntantinople, who has been for the last eight
months ou s pecial mission at Mytilene, left some days
since for a t our in the Archipelago.
The depar tore of this noble and philanthropic Eng-
lishman has caused the greatest regret. But he has
left ineffaceable traces of his presence amongst us, and
has earned a most honest title to our common. gratitude.
During the three severest of the winter months he dis-
tributed foo( I and clothes weekly among the poor, and
his house be, :ame a rendezvous for hundreds of hungry
people, who could find.no relief elsewhere. He exerted
his influence with the local authorities to redress any
grievance, a ad pleaded the. cause of the helpless with
inexhaustible. kindness. He contributed to our schools,
distributed I sizes to our scholars, and founded among
us a museum. of antiquities. In his public speeches he
addressed to -us the wisest and most temperate coun-
sels, tn the gentlest and most conciliatory language.
Always pol;.te and easy of access to all who had need
of him, he v ras as ready with labour as with good words,
and conque red the respect and affection of great and
small. _liar ely has a man of a stranger nationality given
such proofs of sympathy for a foreign people, and the
remembrance of Mr. Grenville Murray will survive in
the hearts of the Lesbians as long as his name, which
is written in _letters of gold on the walls of the museum
which he han endowed.

e Z
-u7

THE FRENCH EMPEROZS VISIT TO
BOULOGNE.

BOULOGNE, Monday.--The Emperor is so well
himself when on horseback, and is followed by sol got
splendid
a retinue, that it is almost worth while to cross the Chan.,
reel to Boulogne to see him pass through the town. Re
did so several times yesterday, and has already made an
easy conquest of the good opinion of our fair countrywomen
sojourning here in such numbers. His suite, reduced in
size by the departure of the Prince and his attendants,
gains considerably in picturesque effectiveness; nor can
one well conceive a more admirable arrangement than that
displayed in the turn-out, with the outriders leading
the way, then the Emperor alone, gravely yet gracefully
acknowledging the salutations of the humblest passer-by ;
then the officers of his household in close order, behind
them a small party of the Guides, and last of all the
" Cent Gardes," a magnificent termination to the caval-
cade. In this order they went yesterday morning to hear
military mass celebrated at the camp of Honvault. 11
o'clock is generally the time at which the celebration
takes place, but on this occasion it was an hour earlier,
and in consequence many of the sight-seers were disap.
pointed. Those who were present were greatly impressed
with the spectacle. 10,000 armed soldiers worshipped
God under the great vault of Nature, knelt down toge-
ther like one man at the elevation of the host, and joined.
thei.aerasceedad,4 4,61144111 e music with which the Rol/Ash
Church knows so well how to heighten the effect of her
(
religious services. It was impossible to witness such a dis-
play without feeling the heart moved by it. Tho perform-
the morning
ance of three tine military bands, the presence of the Em-
peror, and the remarkable view commanded from the spot
with the English Channel in front, and, beyond that again,
sun upon the chalk cliffs of our own coast—
all added greatly to the imposing character of the spectacle.
In front of each encampment small chapels have been con-
structed by the troops; though rather roughly pat up, they are
not without a certain architectural effectiveness, and they
serve to point out a curious difference in the organisation
whitchheythtoeokpopmlpaceofthtehyavemerielimtaryarkemdasbsy
of the French army and ours. .At Chobham we had no
sheltered space of any kind devoted to religious services,
was in striking contrast.
Having adverted to the
caintyd when
o
camp chapels, it may be bete.
resting to the reader to hear somethingof the
yesterday
alien ir
Lily.
camps them-
selves. I have as yet only visited those of Honvault and
Equihem, but they are all constructed much in the same
manner, and what is said of one may be taken visitor with to the rest. The first thing that strikes a visitor with
gard to them is, that they are intended to be permanent,
years. at least, to be used summer and, winter for several
years. The huts, which constitute their main feature are
quite as good, if not better habitations for human beings
than those in which the Highland peasant shelters himself
from the storms of his native mountains, or which the
Irishman shares with his pig. As for the kitchens, the
new ones which are being constructed at Honvault are
substantial enough to last out a very long war. They
are built of brick, on the military pattern, with a chimney
shaft in the centre, and places for cooking radiating there-
from in a complete circle. Provisions can be cooked by each
for upwards of 500 men at a time. As may readily
be conceived, the number of these chimney shafts,
extending like one side ( f an avenue of small obelisks along
the line of an immense encampment of mud huts, has a
vary singular effect. But the important point which they
establish is the permanent character of the arrangements
which the Emperor is making, as if he contemplated a
protracted war. Next to this first and deepest impression
produced by a visit to the camps comes that of their apti-
tude for the purposes for which they are intended. The
mud huts are, of course, not very luxurious habita-
tions to dwell in, but soldiers in all times have been
obliged to fare hard, and these structures show an
amount of ingenuity in the cheap use of materials for
making them which is highly instructive. The side
walls are of clay, held together by a rough lathing of wood
internally, and a thick coating of whitewash on the exter-
nal surfaces. The frame of the roof, roughly put together,
is well thatched with straw. The tie beams of the rafters
form a convenient open loft on which to stow away arms
and accoutrements. From the entrance a passage way
is kept clear to the opposite wall of the hut, thus bisecting
it in two equal halves, and on each of these a sloping
platform of planks, and supported from the ground
by a very simple staging, gives room for six men to lie
down. The hut therefore accommodates 12 men, 6on one
side and 6 on the other, with their feet towards the centre,
and their heads towards the end walls. An aperture above
door, and another directly opposite, afford ample facilities
for ventilation in summer, and may be more or less en-
tirely closed up in winter. The cost of the whole structure
must be very trifling, and if any part gives way it can be
readily repaired. As the full strength of the company in
French regiments is 120 men, it*takes 10 huts to house
that numbr, and, accordingly, in the arrangement of the
ca rep at Honvault it may be observed that the huts of each
company stand in double rows of fire each, with streets
between and behind, as in our own service, those of the
officers in regular order. A broad street, running the
whole length of the encampment, separates the officers' huts
from those of the men, the latter being in front and the for-
mer behind. AU the rectangular distributions of an Ansel ken
city are faithfully observed. The French army, however,
does not satisfy itself with the Republican use of numbers
in its camp directory, but appropriately leaves soldiers or
visitors to end or fight their way through the camp by the
names of the great battles which it won under the first
Napoleon. Any adventurous stranger who finds his way
out to Equihem will see as he passes along the lines ample
evidences of the extent to which the glorious traditions of
each core are preserved. Besides the cheap and excellent
shelter of their huts, the orderly manner in which they
are arranged and the systematic plan upon which the
streets of the different camps are laid out, it is worthy of
remark that the telegraph is carried through them all--
not expensively put up, but still perfectly efficient, and
placing each in instantaneous communication with the
Emperor. From his hotel in the Capecure he can issue
I,
without a moment's previous notice, any order that he de-
sires to see executed, and it is this power which he pos-
sesses and exercises of coming down upon people unex-
pectedly which keeps everybody around him perpetually
on the qui wive, It should ba stated that many of the nand
huts not being finished, a considerable number of canvas
tents are still used. These are of two kinds —one, the
small one (capable of holding six), which the soldiers now
carry about with them, and bivouac in, the other; a large
oval-shaped tent, used before this was introduced, in which
16 men sleep, and which, of course, forms part of the bag-
gage on the march. Both are interesting to examine,
partly as suggesting comparisons with our own bell tents,
but still more as helping to form an opinion whether it would
not be possible to improve greatly upon ell existing arrange-
ments of the sort. Knowing what we do of cholera, and
squeeeing together so many men at night into small unven-
tilated tents, it seems hardly wonderful that the morta-
lity of that disease should recently have been so lament-
ably great in the East.
As yet, neither
at Honvault nor at Equihem have the
troops had much time to decorate their encampment ; but
they are beginning to do so, and there is no want of amuse-
ments to keep them occupied. The strict religious feeling
of the English people will be rather scandalised to hear
that Sunday afternoon and evening are devoted in the
camp of their allies to gaiety. Some play at bowling,
others at "loto," and as the evening closes in officers and
men repair to large ball-rooms behind the lines, where
dancing is kept up till 10 o'clock with great spirit, and,
it is only fair to add, with perfect propriety of manner.
Excellent regimental bands perform in the orchestras, sen-
tinels stand at the different entrances, and officers are ap-
pointed special:y to see that decorum is strictly pre-
served. There seems to be no lack of fair partners on
these occasions, and among them, or at least looking ap-
provingly on, may nearly always be seen parties of our
own countrymen and women, whose friends at home
would doubtless be much scandalised at knowing the fact.
The Emperor's movements are somewhat uncertain, but,
as at present arranged, he will remain at Boulogne during
the ensuing week, unless the promised visit to King Leo-
pold should bring him to the Belgian frontier. About the
18th Napoleon will leave Paris for Bordeaux, to which
city the Empress will repair after leaving Biarritz. The
Emperor then will bring the Empress to Paris, and will
leave her at Compiegne, after which he will again visit the
camp of the north and manoeuvre the troops.
To-day, at 1e eo'clock his Majesty rode out to the camp at
Equihem, and inspected the troops there. It is stated
that there will be a grand feigned battle in the immediate
neighbourhood of Boulogne in the course of two or three
days, in ' which the attacking army will be supposed to
carry the town by storm.
The Emperor's splendid stud of horses excited the admi-
ration of the Prince's suite, and is not unworthy of notice
in connection wiih the Emperor's well-directed effort, to
improve the breed of horses in France. The cavalry horses
of the French army are mostly bred in Normandy, except
the horses of the light cavalry, which come from Tarbes,
near the Pyrenees, and which have a mixture of Arab
blood. With many excellent qualities of endurance, the
horses of the French cavalry are capable of great improve.
ment in point of blood and bone, and Napoleon's attention
is unceasingly directed to this Abject. Large purchases of
English horses are frequently made by his agents, and,
seeing the prices which are given for good steeds, and the
rivalry which exists between the buyers for the French
and German Governments to secure the best animals,
some astonishment is expressed that English farmers
do not more generally avail themselves of the facilities
they possess for rearing first-rate horses for so cer-
tain and so good a market. Besides the haraa of
the Emperor, he has a stud and breeding establish-
ment at St. Cloud, at which colts of
extraordinary
value are reared from a mixture of English and A a r b
blood. The Imperial stables at Boulogne, which
close proximity to the Hotel Brighton, the E are in
residence, are an extempore construction of wood,
ropreercor's
in 15 days, but extremely convenient and ,'ell -arranged,
and covering nearly half an acre of -arranged'
36 English saddle-horses for the uof
ground' They contain
se the Emperor, his
suite, and visitors ; 36 carriage-orses for the Emperor's
caleches, char-a-banes, and other and 30
horses. The Emperor's charvehicles, . post-
gers, reserved for his exclunve
use at reviews and in the field, are six in number. They
are all English,. as are, indeed, the greater part of the
saddle and carriage horses, and as their former names are
retained, and every stall has the horse's name painted over
english visitor mi
the animal's head, th E •
ght forge was in a foreign country, and imagine that he was walk-
ing
through the stables of some English nobleman. Tha
Emperor's favourite steed is dark chestnut horse called
Phillips, after al Phillips, a Knightsbridge,of whom
leof . . the Emperor purchased him. He is a noble and spirited
animal, and is usually ridden by the Emperor when he
reviews the troops, where he dittiniinishel!himself by
his beautiful action and by his habit of bowingo andprancing when he approaches the colour,moment raises his
regi-
ment. As the Emperor at the same
to salute the (*loin
hat, the horse and the rider appear
Both
delight of the troops. together, to the great
dseitiallishment at St. Cloud and.
the Emperor's stud
and
establishment
superintendence of the pee_
that at Boulogne are under e
Gamble, whose thorough
of his
Wrier piqueur Majesty, Mr.
points knowledge of the and treatment of the animals un-
der
his care is well known to the English sporting world.
is confided l control of the stud
The genera
to Colonel Fleury,
Premier Ecuyer to his Majesty. In
, 1
re seen two gorgeous saddles and bridles the saddle
t 0
00itahme a
Emperor by the Sultan, the saddle-cloth:
presented
of which are most richly embroidered with
gold, all
the mountings being of solid gold, and the bit of
silver gilt. One of these saddles, Stc., Was used b when
Emperor y
riding out one day with the Prince Consort.
Its value is estimated at two hundred and fifty thousand
trance Anothersplendid saddle, with crimson velvet seat,
was a present from Abd-el-Kader, with three Arab horses.
The Imperial carriages and liveries are of dark green ; the former are all manufactured in Paris. Few things grieved
Louis Napoleon more than being obliged, when resident,
to break up his stud and dispose of his, when ; but now
that his exalted position supplies him with the requisite
resources he loses no occasion of obtaining the best Eng.
fish horses that Jamey can procure.

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