The Sun.
London, England, 1853-05-19 00:00:00

No. 18,923.]

NEW WORK BY THE AUTHOR OF " SAM SLICK."
This day is published, in 2 gels., 215., bound,
SAM SLICK'S WISE SAWS
&ND MODERN INSTANCES;
Or, WHAT HE SAID, DID, or INVENTED.
Also Just Published, in 2 vols., 21s.
FAMILY ROMANCE ; Or, EPISODES IN THE DOMESTIC ANNALS OF
THE ARISTOCRACY.
By J. B. BURKE, Esq., author of" The Peerage," &c.
Burst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colbura,
13, Great Marlborough-street.

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 19, 1853.

" THE PRESS."—On SATURDAY, the 21st,
JL No. 3, Price Sixpence, of " THE Pans," the new weekly
Conservative paper. Published every Saturday. Office, No. 110,
Strand. Money Orders for Subscriptions to be made payable to Mr.
Alfred lye.

Now ready, parts 1 to 4, to be completed in Twelve Monthly Parts,
price 2s. each, each Part containing eight quarto pages of Plate
Engravings and sixteen pages of Letterpress,
THE PRACTICAL DRAUGHTMAN'S
BOOK OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGN.
l'ty WILLIAM JOHNSON, Assoc. Inst. C.E.
Editor of " The Practical Mechanic's Journal."
Contents of Parts I to 4, already published
CHAPTER I.
Linear Drawing—Of Lines and Surfaces—Problems—Applications
to Pavements, Ceilings, and Balconies—Sweeps—Sections and
Mouldings—Elementary Gothic Forms and Rosettes— Ovals
Ellipses—Parabola—Volutes—Rules and Practical Data—Table of
British and Continental Measures.

INDIA REFORM. No. 6.—The Government
of India under a Bureaucracy, by John Dickinson, Jun.
Second Edition. Is just Published, price Three Pence, per post, 9d.
London: Saunders and Stanford, 6, Charing-cross. Manchester:
Simms and Pinham ; of whom may be bad—
e, No. 1 —The Government of India since 1834.
No. 2.—The Finances of India.
No. 3.—Notes on India, by Dr. Buist, of Bombay.
No. 4.—The Native States of India.
No s.—An extract from History on the Double Government;
and Observations on the Evidence given before the Parliamentary
Committee, by J. Sullivan, Esq.

This day, Second Edition, with an appendix by Jacob Post,
Bvo., cloth, ss.

CRAFTER 2.
The Study of Projections— he Projections of Points—Straight.
Lines—Plane surfaces Prisms Cubes —Pyramids— Cylinders—
Cones —Spheres—Shade Lines—Grooved and Fluted Cylinders and
Ratchet Wheels—Elements of Architecture—Measurement of Solids
—Sections—Details of Machinery—Applications to Spindles, Shafts,
Couplings, Wooden Patterns—Rails and Chairs.
CHAPTER 3.
On Colouring Sections, with Applications —The Composition of
Colours, illustrated by an elatorate Plate, in Eight Colours, with
Examples of Stone, Brick, Iron, Steel, Copper, Brass, Wood, and
Leather—Strength of Materials—Powers of Resistance to Compres-
sion—Flexure—Torsion—Friction of Surfaces.
CHAPTER 4.
Intersections and Developments of Cylinders and Cones, Helices,
Screws, and Serpentines—Applications to Staircases, Stopcocks, &c,
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

OSTENTATION; or, CRITICAL REMARKS
on " QUAKERISM ; or, THE STORY OF MY LIFE;"

By Mrs. GREER ;

BRITISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH
New-road, London.
LIST of AGENTS duly authorised to vend MORISON'S PILLS,
the Vegetable Universal Medicines, in London and its vicinity :
Strand, 262—(Mr. J. Lofts, jun.) The Hygeist-office.
Regent-street, 65 .. ••..•• • • • • Mr. Field
Park-place, 1, Mile End-road • • Mr. Lofts
Oxford-street, 63 .• •••• • • .• Dietrichsen&Hannay,porfumers
New-road, 20, St. George's-in-
the-East .............. Mr. J. Kaines
Watling-street, 55 .. .• •• • • Mrs. Dare
Townshend-street, 8, Old Kent-
road •.••• • • • • • ...• ••.. • • Mrs. Foulser
Tottenham-court-road, 128.... Mr. Rayner
Walham Green ...........• .. Mrs. Marchant
Brentford (Post-office) • •• .. Mr. Norbury
Clapham •• • • .... • • • • •• .. Mr. Batten's Library
Great Chart-street, 53, East-
road, Hoxton .. • • . Mr. J. Dinmore
Cornhill, 68 .... • . ...... Mr. R. Johnstone, perfumer, &c.
High Ifolbom, 83..
Deptford •• • • ••••• • .. •• ...• Mr. Porritt, bookseller
Staines ......................Mrs. Norris's Library
Poplar, High-street • • .. • • Mr. Edmunds
Finsbury Market, 3, North-street M r. Sage
Paddington-green, 22, Hermit-
age-street • • • . • Mr. Wm. Winn
Croydon. ...... • ......... Mr. D. Wilson, grocer.
CAUTION..—MORISON'S VEGETABLE UNIVERSAL MEDI-
CINES, sold only by the authorised agents, one of whom may be
found in every town or village throughout the country.
Beware of Counterfeits sold by some unprincipled chemists under
various pretences, and see that the words " Morison's Universal
Medicines" are engraved on the Government Stamp, in white letters
upon a red ground.

In which that lady's parvenu attempts at aristocracy are ridiculed,
and fiction exposed.

By SANDHAM ELLY.
Dublin: llodges and Smith, Grafton-street. London: F. and a,
Cash, Bishopsgate-street Without.

On Thursday next, Bvo., 7s. 6d.,
THE TEXT OF SHAKSPEARE VINDI-
CATED from the Interpolations and Corruptions advocated
by Joust PAYNE Coutia, Esq. in his Notes and Emendations.

By SAMUEL WELLER. SINGER.
"TO BLOT OLD BOOKS AND ALTE& TIIKIIt corarmts,"—Rape of Lucrece.
Also preparing for immediate Publication, in 10 Volumes, leap. Bvo.,
to appear Monthly, The Dnunatic Works of WILLIAM firiAuPtAita,
the Text compleiely Revised, with Notes, and various Readings.

DR. CIILVERWELL'S NEW WORKS.
To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row , Carvalho,
47, Flect-street , Mann, 39, Cornhill. Price One Shilling each; by
Is 61.

ENJOYMENT OF LIFE.
"Health, Recreation, and Rational Use of Time."
CONTENTS : —Early Rising—Spring and Summer Mornings—Ex-
cursions about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lanes, Hills
Forests, Fields, High-roads, and other pleasant places —Country
Trips and Rambles—The Sea —London at Night—Evenings at Home
Music—The Drama—On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing, Air,
Rest, Ease, Occupation, &c., &c.

' II
FRAGMENTS FROM THE FOUNTAINS. Two Vols.
Vol. L
VISIT TO THE LAKES; SKETCH OF EDINBURGH. &c.

Vol. IL
TITE_LAKES OF KILLARNEY ; REMINISCENCES OF
DUBLIN, &c.

WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID,
"That three score years and ten our course may run."
A'popnlar review of almost every form (cause and cure) of ner-
vously-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution that harasses
the young, besets the man of pleasure, business or study, and em-
bitters old age ; with tables and ruiesfor the diet and physical regu-
lation of every-day life.

IT.
THE PASSIONS.
" What passions hurt the body—what improve,
Truths as refined as Athens ever heard."

SUBJECT :—Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The ad-
vent of the passions. Chastity and its infringement. The casualties
oflicentiousness aad dissipation, with illustrations, graphic, narra-
tive, and remodiative. Advocacy of early marriages.

TIIE MARRIAGE STATE.

T. be or not to be, that is the question."

Pionftesrmx :—Laws and obligations of nature, society, and reli-
gion regarding marriage, to be observed by either sex. Time and
choice, on both sides, as to age temperament, complexion, and
figure, to secure healthy offspring, with the art of rearing them.
Physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion.
Cases. &c.
By It. J. CULVERWELL, M.D. (1841), M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A.
24), Twenty-five years Medical and Forensic Referee in there
matters.

Price le. each; by post, le. 6d.
To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 147,
Fleet-street; Mann, 39, Cornhill ; or of M. R. Culverwell, M.D.,
10, Argyll-place, Recent-street. who may be consulted daily from
Ten till Five and Seven till Nine.

THE WAY TO WIN—To win affections, to win
fame, to win a fortune by industry or by business transac-
tions—in fact, to win without risk or inconvenience—is one of the
happiest events on which we can calculate. Every one is aware of
the power which appearance has in gaining the roost desirable ob-
jects, and every person is convinced that success is often decided by
the garments in which they are arrayed. "PROPERLY DRESSED,"
"VERY RESPECTABLY ATTIRED," are the most prominent
parts of an interesting description. Thus the CLOTHING BUSI-
NESS is the first and foremost in the circle of trade, and on its right
management the success and comfort of millions in an important
measure depends. Therefore, all tasteless, comfortless, and fashion-
less CLOTHING is an infliction on the patience and pockets of the
public. But E. MOSES and SON have won universal and ceaseless
fame by business transactions heneficia Ito every class—for the
NOBLEMAN every order of ATTIRE required, or for his servants
LIVERIES to any design—for the MERCHANT, CLERK, or
MECHANIC, the best and most suitable, and at the same time the
cheapest, goods are presented.
The Holiday Dress for Youths and others provided by E. MOSES
and SON exhibits novelty in Materials and magnificence In Style
and Workmanship, which has no parallel le this or any other country,
and, as usual, the prices are much lower than are charged elsewhere.
The Hosiery Goods, for Ladies and Gentlemen arc, the newest, the
best, and most fashionable articles which have been produced. Hats
and Caps in every variety for the season, in which superior quality
and cheapness will again win the approbation of all purchasers
A magnificent stock of Boots and Shoes, not to be equalled in any
respect by all other houses combined.
E. MOSES and SON, Aidgate and 3finories, and New Oxford-
street, corner of flart-street.

The Emigrant's right course is to get a good Ship and a good stock
of suitable Clothing: the former is required for his safety, and the
latter for his comfort and success. A good Ship may be had in most
places, but a good Outfit only in one Establishment—that is, E.
MOSES and SON'S. Shipping information is furnished without any
charge, and Outfits are speedily arranged for any profession and
occupation for considerably less money than others charge, and at
the same time the articles are better in quality than any obtained
elsewhere. In outlay at E. MOSES and SON'S is productive of
considerable profit to Emigrants, and occasions less inconvenience
in sale than any other kind of goods. A separate department is
kept for Emigrants.
Full Lists of Outfits for Ladies and Gentlemen may be had on
applicatton, or post free to any part of the kingdom.
CAUTION.—E. MOSES and SON regret having to guard the
public against imposition, having learned that the untradesman-like
falsehood of " Being connected with their Establishment," or " It's
the same concern," has been resorted to in many instances, and for
obvious reasons, they beg to state that they have

No CONNEXION WITH ANY OTHER HOUSE IN OR OUT OF LONDON,
except their own Establishments, as follows :
London City Establishment, 154, 155, 156, and 157, Minories, 83,
84,85, and 86, Aidgate, opposite the Church, all communicating.
London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-street, I, 2,
3, Hart-street, all communicating. . . .

Bradford (Yorkshire) Branch, 19 Id 20, Bridge-street.

Sheffield Branch, 36, Fargate.
Merchant Tailors, Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and
Shoe Makers, grid General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen.
IMPORTANT.—ShouId any article not give satisfaction, it will be
exchanged if desired, or, if preferred, the money will be returned
without hesitation. All goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest
price, from which no abatement can be made.

. .
The Establishments are closed from sunset Friday to sunset on
Saturdays, when business is resumed till 12 o'clock.

A new Book, " The Herald of the Seasons," containing full lists
of prices, our system of self•measurement, facts relative to Australia,
advice to emigrants, &c., may be had on application, or post-free to
any part of the kingdom.

A handsome Almanac for tile year ending 1853 can be had gratis,
on application.
Ici l'on parle Franca's.
Tiler arricht man Dent9ch

Qui. si parla Italian.
Aqua se habla Espanol

WANTED, several PORTERS. Apply morning between 9 and
12 o'clock.

By SAMUEL WELLER SINGER.
London : Published by William Pickering.

Just Published, limo, cloth, price 35., Illustrated with Engravings.
How to CHOOSE A' GOOD MILK COW ;
or, a Description of all the Marks by which the Milking
Qualities of Cows may be ascertained.

sy J. 11. MAGNE, Professor of the Veterinary School, Alfort,
With a Supplement on the Dairy Cattle of Britain ; their Qualities,
Management, and Productive Results, with flints for Selecting.
By Jon& HAXTON, Drumnod, Fife.

Mackie and Son, Warwick-square, Newgate-street, London, and
sold by all Booksellers.

amounts of paper bearing interest. A bill has ac-
cordingly been brought in to facilitate loans of this
description to public bodies, whether on the secu-
rity of real property or of local taxation, and it is
probable, in the present condition of the country,
it will pass into law. It is hard to say whether such
a bill is politically or economically objectionable.
Politically, it places every portion of the territory
which has borrowed, or wants to borrow from the
State, in more strict dependence on its will, and it
encourages in the highest degree that profusion
which every honest Government ought to check by
precept and example. Economically, it connects
the whole fortune and property of the country with
two great establishments of credit, which are
themselves of very recent date and of questionable
stability ; for, if the time should ever arrive at
which those institutions cannot hold their ground
—their own captital being extremely small in
proportion to their gigantic operations—they
must fall back on the Government for support,
and the Government can only give them that
support by making their paper issues a legal and
inconvertible tender. By this subtle but inse-
cure machinery, the Imperial Government seeks
to enclose everything in its grasp, and to subdue
everything to its will. But the dream of universal
monarchy which haunted Napoleon I. is not more
illusory than the schemes of dominion which are
thus practised by his nephew, for they are repug-
nant to the laws of public economy and of human
nature itself, and it may be foreseen that every one
of these mischievous undertakings will one day rise
up in judgment on its inventors.

THE BUDGET AND THE MONEY MARKET.
(Front the Morning Herald.)
We have anxiously watched the proceedings in the
Money Market as to the dealings with Mr. Glad-
stone's fantastical stock. Our readers will perhaps
do us the justice to recollect that we predicted the
failure of this somewhat crochetty scheme, in which
that eccentric gentleman proposed to lessen the
burden of the National Debt by enabling the pub-
lic creditor to alter his demand from one species
of security to another as and when it suited his
own interest and answered his own purpose. We
pointed out the broad and glaring difference be-
tween this conversion and every similar operation
that preceded it.
Upon all former occasions the Chancellor of the
Exchequer, the agent of the public, came to the
public creditor, and said, " I offer you certain
terms ; if you do not agree to them we must cease
our dealings ; here is your money, and we are
quits." Mr. Gladstone's proposal is the first in-
stance in the history of British finance in which
the public creditor has been dealt with except by
an offer, the refusal of which was to be followed by
the payment of his debt. To propose to the owner
of stock either to stay as he is, or to substitute his
present security for another, exactly as he pleases,
may be a very liberal thing to that owner, but
seems, after all, an odd way of benefiting the
debtor. To complicate the transaction by offering
him three options is only one of those efforts of
elaborate trifling by which transparent folly endea-
vours to disguise itself under the cloak of solemn
mystificatioa. Common sense is perfectly sufficient
to tell any man that the person who holds a security
upon the national resources will only change that
security for something else because he thinks that
something else is something better than that which
you ask him to give up. If you offer him an
equivalent, he will, in all probability, make no
change • although in this case the love of novelty
may induce some speculators to accept a new form
of investment. But it is quite manifest that if you
attempt to benefit the public by offering him that
which is not an equivalent—and this is the only
way in which the public can be gainers in the
transaction, we apprehend—it needs no very
deep skill in finance to predict that even that
very gullible animal, the public creditor, will
not be quite so simple as to accept your obliging
offer.

LALTRENT'S CASINO, ARGYLL ROOMS._
Lessee, CHARLES E. LAURENT, Onslow-house, Fulham-
road. Open Every Evening. The Orchestra will perform, during
the week, "The Thistle," "Shamrock," "Rose," "Amine" "Gran-
ville," "Loch Vogel," and "Windsor Castle" Waltzes; he "Napo-
leon" Galep; "Le Cirque" Quadrille; "The Gold Hawk' and
" Juno" Polkas.— Admission, Is. Doors open at Half-past Eight ;
Dancing to commeace at Nine o'clock, and terminate at Half-past
Eleven.

SPIRIT OF TER PUBLIC JOURNALS.

STATE OF FRANCE.
(From the Times.)

The proceedings of the French Legislative As-
semblies have acquired a degree of interest within
the last few days which has astonished the public
and annoyed the Imperial Government. For the
first two months of the annual session the State
Ball given to the Court was the only Parliamentary
occurrence of the season, and Count Montalembert
observed, in a caustic letter on that entertainment,
that it was the first time the tribune of a Legis-
lature had been turned into an orchestra of musi-
cians. But, even on the short rations of the Im-
perial constitution, some business remained to be
transacted. The budget was to be voted, some
railroads were to be authorised, and some changes
in the law to be adopted. It became necessary to
prolong the session for a fortnight, and at the same
time the Emperor notified his intention of allow-
ing each member an extra donation of 501. for his
additional attendance. This closing fortnight has
done all the mischief. Placed between the neces-
sity of voting a number of discreditable laws with-
out examination, and the danger of thwarting the
intentions of the Government, the Assembly hesi-
tates ; and even those persons who have hitherto
accepted every degradation which it was in the
power of Louis Napoleon to confer seem suddenly
to remember that their country was once free, and
that they themselves were the members of an in-
dependent Assembly. The first blow aimed at the
Government was given by M. de Montalembert,
who protested with great energy in committee
against the introduction into the public ac-
counts adopted by the Chamber of sums de-
rived from the spoliation of the Orleans family.
Shortly afterwards a bill cams on for the re-
gulation of Civil Pensions, which was carried by
a majority of only 32, no less than 98 mem-
bers of the Legislature having the courage to
vote against it. A vote was demanded for a sum
of 12,000/. to be paid to the widow of Marshal
Ney, as an indemnity for the pension to which
she was entitled from 1815 to 1830. This propo-
sition proved exceedingly unpopular, and is gene-
rally regarded as an ill-disguised expedient to pay
some of the debts of a person who has very little
claim to such a favour. Accordingly, it is believed
that the committee to which this vote stands re-
ferred will refuse to make any report at all, and
leave the matter to drop. A more serious question
and a more positive opposition has been raised by
the proposal to restore the articles of the Penal
Code which inflicted capital punishment on all at-
tempts against the person of the Sovereign or the
existing form of Government. It seems incredible
that the man who causes snch a measure to be
brought forward should be the same who ought
twice, if that law had been in force, to have lost
his life on the scaffold. The repugnance of this
age to sanguinary punishments, the long and
painful experience which has habituated the
French to revolutionary changes, and the cle-
mency both of the Constitutional and Republican
Governments, had gradually suspended and at
last effaced those articles from the Code. Had it
been otherwise the attempt at Strasbourg, the
attempt at Boulogne, and even the coup &Rat
of the 2d of December might all have been pun-
ished as capital offences. It certainly denotes
more than common indifference to the notions of
retributive justice that Louis Napoleon should be-
tray his readiness to inflict on others the blow he
has so often escaped himself. So strongly was this
felt in the legislative body that one of his own
adherents, M. de Mesonan—an officer who was
tried and convicted for taking part in the Boulogne
expedition—declared that, he could not support the
Government bill, seeing that he owed his life to
the mitigation of the punishment. The committee
named to report on this proposition is for the most
part adverse to it, and it is hoped it may still be
modified or rejected.

We urged these considerations while the whimsical
bill of Mr. Gladstone was passing through Parlia-
ment with a rapidity, and, after all, an absence of
determined opposition, which, to those who have
watched Parliamentary measures, was a feature in
itself sufficient to create strong suspicion that the
measure was something peculiarly ill-advised. We
anticipated, indeed, from the passing of the bill no
very great extent of mischief, because the operation
was at best but a uiie, and w'fii_neVer had any
very serious apprehension that even small as it was
the experiment would succeed. We had not the
perfect confidence or the gullibility of the fund-
holder which the Chancellor of the Exchequer
seemed to entertain ' • and although even on the
Stock Exchange we knew that some old children
might be caught by the novelty of a new toy, we
had a very strong impression that Mr. Gladstone's
financial plaything would occupy that place in the
list of British stock to which might be added the
comment " more for ornament than use." The only
real evil of the enactments was, that it tended in
some degree to discredit the whole system of our
finance. It does not become the economy of a great
nation to play little tricks with the petty portiosi
of an enormous debt.

The "three courses" of the Chancellor of the
Exchequer are, however, now fairly before the
stock-holding public, and for so far the most san-
guine friends of the right honourable gentleman
must confess they have been three failures. The
insignificant amount taken in any of the new
stocks is not more than in this age of bold specula-
tion any project gravely recommended by a Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer would be sure to com-

mand. It may be said that if the project fails, no
harm is done. The measure is simply inoperative,
and to the extent to which it is inoperative it can
do no harm. In one sense, we doubt this is true.
Nevertheless, it is also true that the Chancellor of
the Exchequer has so complicated his calculations
of the success of this project with his general finan-
cial arrangements that there are serious incon-
veniences likely to follow its failure which it may
not be amiss thus early to point out.
In the first place let us advert to that which we.
believe to be the lesser inconveniences we .

pate. It will be recollected that Mr. Gladstone's

calculations present the prospect of a very small
surplus on the estimates of the year. He has cal-
culated a surplus of little more than 400,0001.
But of that surplus 100,0001. is composed
of the
item of saving in the interest of the National Debt
to be effected by the new financial arrangements.
Since his financial statement he has consented to a

provision that all the saving on the T wo-and-a-
Half per Cents. is to form a sinking fund for the
redemption of the debt. He will certainly be a
very bold man who will say that it is now possible
for !sufficient of the Three-and-a-Half per Cent.
Stock and the Exchequer Bonds to be taken to
realise the estimated saving of 100,000/, upon the
interest.

It is not, however, by these formidable weapons
of despotic power that Louis Nopoleon seeks chiefly
to maintain his authority. On the contrary, the
absolute power of such a government as his depends
far more on the means by which it insinuates itself
into every detail of local and domestic life ; and
these are carried to such an extent, that if this state
of things subsists for a few years, nothing will be
beyond the control of the State. Some curious in-
stances pf this policy have recently occurred. The
clearances made in Paris for the purpose of con-
tinuing the Rue de Rivoli from the Louvre to the
Hotel de Ville, and of erecting the new markets,
have swept away a very large number of houses in
the most densely-peopled quarter of the capital.
The consequence is that 30,000 or 40,000 persons,
chiefly of the working classes, have been compelled
to find other lodgings, which are not to be got
without going to a great distance and paying a high
price for bad accommodation. To meet the just
complaints of these persons the Government pro-
poses to build lodging-houses on a large scale, in
which the poor will find everything they want ex-
cept liberty and independence. These establish-
ments, being under the direct control of the State,
will of course place their tenants in immediate and
total dependence on it. They will abolish, as far
as their influence extends, the self-reliance which
is the guardian of domestic life, and they will
weaken in the same proportion the springs of ac-
tivity and independence. In a word, this experi-
ment will be the nearest approach yet made to the
' schemes of Louis Blanc, and it is characteristic of
the Imperial Government that, after having robbed
France of her liberty by the fear of Socialism,
Socialist institutions are now produced to strengthen
the hold of absolute authority.
The same species of influence is extended over
the towns and provincial bodies. Everywhere
building has been encouraged. on an enormous
P
scale, and for the most part at the public expense,
because it is thought by the Government that in-
cessant building is a strong sign of general pros-
perity. To execute these buildings and improve-
ments, which the Prffets have been ordered to
promote with great zeal, a large number of the
towns and municipalitiesottboenmly tao bauorfldaertjghi France have run into
d li ea bb t
eosi -aer e ofn
t hoeudi I.l.ltres oduTrhcese se,
but an effectual check on
eir
Government, and the Governmentefperfa
for they arc driven to seek assistancen independence,
t
these demands,
ccitnuireersdetrheto pmoweeetr performs thehe
money-
lefinideeer.anßd ut, a
the Government itself has recourse to the
institutions it has tounded under the names
of the Credit Mobilier and Credit r
oncier I
which have a power of issuing very large

It is not only, let us say, that the disappearance
of the best part of 100,0001. from a surplus so small
as 400,0001. is in itself a matter of some moment

in the calculations of the year ; but a miscalcula-
tion of resources thus early detected is very well
adapted to shake our confidence in the more ab-

strtise and more questionable calculations upon
which the residue of the surplus depends. We
shall not, we confess, be surprised at the end of the
year to find that residue as imaginary as the
saving on the interest of the debt, and that for the
first time since 1841 our expenditure shall have
exceeded our income on the sth of April, 1854.
There is another result of the failure of this
scheme—a result now, we fear, too manifest to
need much sagacity to predict. Mr. Gladstone, it
will be remembered, has positively pledged the
faith of the nation to pay off 10,000,0001. in hard
cash of the South Sea and other similar stocks, in
case the holders of that stock will not agree to
accept of some one of the newly-created securities
instead. With this amount of the National Debt
he is dealing on the old compulsory.. principle of
offering the creditor his money if he will not accept
the new terms. But so confident was he that the
now stock would be accepted, that lie made no
provision, in case it should not, for the raising
the ten millions by a new loan. The holders of
the South Sea Stock are not accepting, and they
are not at all likely to accept, the new stocks.
The result, therefore, will be that Mr. Gladstone
must, at the expiration of his notice, be prepared
with the best part of 10,000,000 of sovereigns to
Ipiaeycatlilemuseofft.he MbariaGnacedssattoutheleteEllxs
Exchequer
iunedreefodi that
. that

THE ROYAL ARMS OF SCOTLAND.-It appears from a
communication, received in acknowledgment of the peti-
tion from Brechin regarding the erroneous quartering of
the Royal Arms of Scotland, that the subject has been
remitted to the English College of Heralds for examina-
tion. In consequence of this a letter has been addressed
to Lord Palmerston by one of the gentlemen who origi-
nally moved in the matter, showing that the College of
Heralds is an English court, and has therefore no power
to order the Royal Arms to be displayed either one way
or another in Scotland ; and further, that no court but
the Lyon Court of Scotland has authority to adjudicate
in the question. His lordship is also reminded that
many of the burgh petitions forwarded to Lord Eglinton
specially prayed for the remission of this matter to our
Lyon Court ; this was also requested in the petition
from the general convention of Royal burghs, now in his
lordship's hands.—Scottish Prese.

purpose, that is, that The nation has generally lying
at the Bank of Englaid a cash balance of about
8,000,0001. or 9,000,0001., which he can use if these
stockholders obstinately insist upon their money.
That a very large proportion of them will so insist
we fear is now too evident. Seriously to propose
withdrawing the whole of the national balance from
the Bank of England for the purpose of paying off
this debt would be, independent of all other con-
siderations to derange the monetary dealings of
the Bank of England, and, therefore, of the coun-
try, to an extent which, at a time of commercial
difficulty, would be ruinous, and which, even in
the present supply of gold, would involve conse-
quences too serious to be risked.
It is well that the country should be warned in

MARKED SALMON. —On Wednesday se'nnight, there
was caught in a salmon net on the Red Head, near this,
a salmon with a gutta-percha band around it, on which
was marked, "Athole, 170." The fish weighed 12i Ibs ;
length, 384 inches; girth, 22 inches. On the following
(Thursday) morning, another salmon was caught in the
same net, marked "Athole, 165." The last-mentioned
fish was greatly deformed. It weighed 1311bs. ; mea-
sured in length 38 inches, and in girth 17 inches. From
the fact of two of the fish having been caught in the
same net within so short a space of time intervening, it is
probable they had left Loch Tay, in the Athole property,
in company. Both fish were in very bad condition, and
unhealthy.—Montrose Review.

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time of the consequences which will follow the now
too certain failure of the new stocks. We shall
have first the disappearance of nearly one-fourth of
the estimated surplus of the year, and, secondly,
we have the still more pleasant prospect of the
withdrawal of 7,000,0001. or 8,000,0001. of money
which the nation has generally been in the habit of
keeping as a cash balance at the Bank.
Cheering results, xo doubt, of the first essay at
finance of the Cabinet of unrivalled administrative
ability !

THE EASTERN QUESTION.
(From the Morning Post.)
We published at an early hour yesterday, infor-
mation calculated seriously to disturb the alleged
tranquil state of the Eastern question. The same
authority which lately startled Europe by an-
nouncing the near extinction of one of its estab-
lished Powers has been pleased still more recently
to retrace its steps, and to inform the world that
the whole Eastern question, in its present bearings,
was limited to the moderate desires of Russia, and
settled by the wise concessions of France on the
subject of the Holy Shrines. Both statements
prove to be equally untrue. It has for some time
been made evident that the Great Powers, by
whom the independence of Turkey is guaranteed,
are by no means prepared to allow its dismember-
ment. It is now equally clear that the formidable
mission of Prince Menschikoff had objects in view
far more important than the etiquette of pilgrimage,
the custody of a key, or the restoration of a cupola.
The real demand of the Great Northern Power,
translated out of the diplomatic tongue into Eng-
lish, is the ratification of a treaty securing to
Russia a paramount influence over all the Chris-
tian subjects—that is to say, over the great
mass of the population of European Turkey.
The Emperor of Russia asks in terms to be in-
vested with the protectorate of the whole body of
the Greek Church in Turkey. In effect, he requires
to be placed in a position through which his au-
thority would overshadow and eclipse that of the
Porte on all points of internal discipline in which
Christian interests—that is to say, the affairs of the
greater part of the people—should be concerned.
The concession by the Divan of the points which
would be fixed by the proposed treaty would
amount to Virtual abdication of its independence
as a sovereign State. It would change, by a simple
arrangement between an encroaching Power and a
submissive neighbour, the entire commercial and
political system of Europe as framed, agreed on,
and guaranteed by the directing Cabinets for mu-
tual convenience and security. It would be a re-
versal by two Courts, of which one is not a free
agent, of a state of things in the maintenance of
which the honour as well as the interests of Eng-
land, France, and Austria are equally concerned
with those of Russia and of the Porte. This final
demand of Prince Menschikoff is, in short, one
which the Cabinet of Petersburg should not have
made, and which the Divan cannot concede with-
out the full consent of the Great Powers. The fact
that a demand so formidable now appears as the
point of debate in the East materially alters the
position, not of the Eastern question only, but of
England as regards that question. So long as the
matter in dispute or discussion was merely that of
the respective claims of the Greek and Latin
Churches to certain privileges of guardianship
over the Holy Places, the representatives of those
Churches, Russia and France, were alone concerned
in any steps which might be taken, and in ar-
rangements which might be concluded on this
narrow point of diplomacy. We were convinced,
however, from the first, that Russia had not
wasted such extensive preparations as those which
accompanied the mission to Constantinople, on an
object so easily settled as that at first put forward
as its purpose and aim. It was just possible that
the force displayed and the threats embodied in
armaments, by the great Power of the North,
might have been merely intended as a demonstra-
tion of an absolute supremacy which there was, as
yet, no intention practically to exercise. The
Sultan being thoroughly humiliated in his own
dominions—the Turkish Christians being strongly
warned of the quarter to which they were to look
as their hope and protector—and this being effected
without giving any fair cause of umbrage to the
Allied Powers, it was not altogether unlikely that,
with the settlement of the discussie.n_between the
Churches, and the exhibition of power for which it
served as a pretence, the object of Prince Men-
schikofi's mission might be achieved, and his duty
at an end. Such is not the fact, and the further
demands of the Russian Minister place the question
in nearly the same threatening aspect which it bore
when we first announced the singular and ominous
course which the Emperor Nicholas haat pursued.
The details of the case, as it actually stands, will
be found in our Paris correspondence of to-day,
and the circumstances are such as must render
the nature of the next intelligence to be ex-
pected from Constantinople a matter of very
grave interest and anxiety. It will be re-
marked that it was on the sth instant
that the Prince sent in to the Divan the demand
to which we have already referred, and that he re-
quired the answer—that is to say, we presume, the
signature of the Porte to the treaty with which ho
was entrusted within five days from that date—
namely, by the 10th. Our latest advices from.
Constantinople being of the 7th, we are still unin-
formed as to the reception by the Divan of the insult
and menace levelled at its sovereignty by Russia.
The answer given must clearly be that not of the
Porte alone, but of the representatives of the three
Powers by whom, in common with Russia, the in-
dependence of Turkey is guaranteed. The integ-
rity of the last-named State is a trust solemnly
placed in the hands of the parties to the treaty of
1841, and, except with the consent and by the
common agency of those parties, it cannot be de-
stroyed or tampered with. The independence and
nationality of Turkey are not merely Russian or
Turkish, but are European questions. No one of
the Cabinets which stand pledged by treaty to the
maintenance of the present state of things can
carry out by itself, for its own views and by its
own separate provisions, any act by which that
independence and nationality are compromised.
But it is plain, that to establish within the
Turkish Empire a foreign paramount jurisdiction,
such as that intended by the Menschikoff treaty,
would be not merely to compromise, but absolutely
to annul, the sovereignity of the Turk over his own
subjects. This abnegation of his rights is therefore
one which the Sultan, under the treaties which
bind Turkey and the European Powers together,
has no right to conclude. If made at all, such a
transfer of political power, affecting such great in-
terests, and involving such serious changes, must
be made the subject, not of an insidious treaty, but
of an European settlement. The Cabinet of Eng-
land, however, has openly and strongly protested
against the changes in question. We are assured
that the French Government goes in this, as in
other matters, heartily with us. We know, fur-
ther, that Austria is far from being anxious to lend
herself to the increase of the influence and
dominating position of her great rival in the East.
Under such circumstances there can be little doubt
that a strong and proper resistance will be opposed
to the attempted encroachment of Russia on Turk-
ish independence ; and relying, as we have good
reason to do, on the sagacity of a Monarch who has
shown himself not less wise and able in retreat
than energetic and audacious in enterprise, we
must hope that a project so objectionable and
threatening as that entrusted to Prince Menschi-
koff for the establishment of a supreme Russian
protectorate within the Turkish Empire, will not
be carried to such extremes as might involve very
serious consequences to the present friendly and
cordial relations of the European Powers.

r _
L PRICE SD.

WEST INDIA MAILS.

SOUTAMPTON MAY 18.
The Royal mail steam-sHhip Orinoco, , Lieutenant
Philip Hast, R.N., Commander, arrived here at
12.30 p.m. to-day, bringing the usual British and
foreign West India mails, in charge of Lieutenant
Barrow, R.N., Admiralty agent. Her dates are----
Greyto wn April 21 Carriacou April 27
~ oTes --Cha 23 St. Virulent . ......... 26 Carthagena —2s St. Lucia 27
Santa Martha.....,, 10 Martinique — 27
Kingston (Jamaica) 28 Guadaloupe —2;
Jacmel (Hutt) —29 Dominica —2B
San Juan May 2 Antigua - 28
Berbice April 23 Montserrat — 28
Georgetown — 25 Nevis
28
Tobago — 26 St. Kitts — 28
Port of Spain — 25 Tortola — 29
Bridgetown — 27 St. Thomas' May 3
Grenada — 26
The Orinoco is the bearer, also, of mails from the
west coast of South America, received, via Panama,
by the Pacific Steam Packet Company's semi-
monthly steamer, which brought dates from--
Valparaiso ... April 2 Arica ... ... April 8
Coquimbo ... 3 Islay ... ...
Huaseo ... ... 4 Callao and Lima
Copiapo ... ... 4 Payta ... ...
Cobij a .. . .. . 5 Panama,— ...
Iquique ... ... 7
The Orfnoco brings 98 passengers, and on freight
specie value $1,621,886, or say 324,4001. sterling,
six serons indigo, 65 bales sarsaparilla, nine live
turtle, seven cases succades, and 60 packages sun-
dries.

- 10
- 14

This steamer left St. Thomas on the 3d inst.,
having been detained there nearly two days be-
yond the proper date of departure by the irregu-
larity of some of the intercolonial packets, which
are unable to perform the branch routes at the
stipulated speed. The run to Southampton has
occupied a little under 15 days. The Orinoco did
not complete her voyage to Jamaica, having pro-
ceeded only to St. Thomas, one of the smaller
steamers having been dispatched thence. She
consequently remained about a fortnight at St.
Thomas, and there, it appears, some of the crew
contracted the yellow fever, 14 cases of which have
occurred on the voyage home, two terminating
fatally—viz., H. Duncan, a fireman, who fell a
victim to the disease on the sth, and James Duke,
scullion, on the 7th inst. Some convalescent cases
are likewise reported. The ship, on her arrival
this morning, was visited by Mr. Wiblin and Dr.
Harvey, the quarantine and deputy-quarantine
officers, and, a report of the circumstances having
been made to the Collector of Customs, that gen-
tleman communicated with the Surveyor-General
of Quarantine in London, who sent telegraphic
instructions for the release of the vessel from the
temporary detention to which she had been sub-
jected.

- From Jamaica we have advices to the 27th of
April. The chief item of intelligence for the fort-
night was the rejection by the Council of the Im-
port Duty (the principal revenue sat of the colony),
and the consequent prorogation of the Assembly,
and commencement of a new session of the Colonial
Legislature. A dissolution of the House was an-
ticipated.

Great excitement prevailed in Kingston on the
25th of April in consequence of a discovery having
been made that two coloured men, escaped slaves,
were on board a steamer named El Paraguay,
bound from Charleston to Monte Video, whieh had
put into Kingston for the purpose of coaling. We
extract the following brief account of the matter
from the Daily Advertiser :
" It appears that two young men of colour, slaves,
had secreted themselves on board the American steamer
Paraguay, previous to her leaving Charleston. Some
time after the steamer had been at sea the fugitives were
discovered, and, on being interrogated, declared them-
selves to be free men, on which they were allowed to
work on board. Yesterday a great number of persons
visited the vessel, when the facts of the case leaked out
through the steward, who, it is said, was in the secret.
Upon the matter reaching the authorities, Mr. Inspector
Leake and one of his subordinate officers proceeded on
board, and brought the two young men ashore, when
they were examined before the magistrates and dis-
charged. The fugitives have consequently obtained
their freedom. Since then, we learn that the steward
has obsquatulated:—Le eraploy.a.teim common enough
in the Southern States. In this he has manifested much
wisdom. Better this than be subjected to the shocking
penalties of the atrocious slave code of South Carolina.
Since the above transaction, persons from shore have
been strictly prohibited by the commander of the Para-
guay from visiting the vessel."

The Morning Journal says—so dense was the
crowd that thronged the entrance to the Court-
House when the examination was about to com-
mence, that the hose of the Kingston Water Com-
pany was put in requisition, and was effectual in
dispersing the people.
One of the most unmistakeable signs of the
times in connexion with Jamaica was the depar-
ture of the ship Glentanner, for Australia, with
upwards of 100 emigrants, principally belonging to
the substantial middle class. Several ships had also
sailed for Calcutta with hundreds of coolies on
board. Many of these people were still receiving
the bounty money of 101. as an inducement to re-
main. Discoveries of copper were still being made
in different parts of the island. This useful metal
was said to have been found in the parishes of St.
James and Hanover at a considerable distance from
the localities of discoveries that had been already
made. The weather was excellent, with alternate
gentle showers and sunshine. Yellow fever was
still rather prevalent in Kingston, particularly
among the shipping. There had been no revival
in trade. The sugar crop was fast drawing to a
close on the north side of the island, where the
yield had fallen short of the estimate ; but in
Trelawny and St. Thomas, in the east, the crop
will be an average one ; and in St. Anne's the pro-
spects of the pimento growers were encouraging.
In the coffee districts of Port Royal the fields were
covered with blossoms, promising well for the
ensuing year. Considerable regret prevailed at the
withdrawal of the Government supervision of the
Customs' revenue of the island. The change from
the Imperial Board of Customs to local manage-
ment was looked upon with some distrust.
Our accounts from British Guiana are to the
25th ult. The Session of the Combined Court bad
terminated, and general satisfaction prevailed at
the moderation and good sense which had charac-
terised the proceedings of both the official and
elective sections of the court, and at the adoption
of various measures of great importance to the
colony.

The Barbadoes papers announce the approaching
opening of a savings-bank in that colony. Several
fires had occurred in the rural districts. The pro-
ceedings of the Legislature were unimportant. Nine
months' leave of absence had been given to the
President of the Council on account of ill-health.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
(From de Cordova's Mercantile Intelligencer.)

The Import Duty Bill, as was generally anticipated,
has been rejected by the Council, and everything con-
nected with the subject is now entirely a matter of spe-
culation. The Governor has prorogued the House of
Assembly for a short period, and has thus afforded the
members of that body another opportunity of dealing
with the money bills ; but whether they will take ad-
vantage of the concession to render the Import Duty
Bill acceptable to the other branches of the Legislature
by expunging the appropriation clauses, or whether they
will adhere to the principle contained in the previous
act, is a subject s• much involved in doubt and uncer-
tainty as to prevent our hazarding any opinion on it.
As the natural consequence of this state of things,
business has become paralysed ; no one will purchase to
any extent at the risk of being exposed, in the course of
eight or ten days, to competition, with goods entering
free of all duties ; even retail transactions are with diffi-
culty effected ; and, in the meantime, supplies of
perishable articles are deteriorating in value.
Exchanges on London.—Colonial and Jamaica Banks
—9O days, per cent, premium ;60 days, 1 per cent.
premium, 30 days. LI per cent. premium.
POSTUCRIPT, APRIL 26..

Since the publication of the fovegoing, on the 20th
inst., our market has remained in the prostrate condition
noted in the preceding general remarks. No transac-
tions whatever of a wholesale character have been ef-
fected, and prices continue almost nominal.
The intentions of the Legislature, in so far as the set-
tlement of the revenue question is concerned, are yet
involved in uncertainty.

Gold—Columbian doubloons are scarce at 4 per cent.,
and American gold at 2 per cent, premium.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.
VESSELS IN KINGSTON HARBOUR.
Steamers—Eagle (Royal Mnil Company), El Para-
guay (American).
Ships—Culloden Castle (English).
Barques Albion, Marquis of Hastings, Planet Pru,
Haidee, Sir John Falstaff (English); William 11. (s-
-sian), Charlotte (Bremen), Manchester and Thomas
Winslow (American).
Brigs—Elizabeth (English), Augusta (Prussian).
Brigantines—Vampire (Dutch), Blanchard (Ameri-
can).
Schooners—Seraphina (English), Anita (Dutch), Tres
Hermanos (Spanish), Tally-ho, Eliza Ann (American),
Florida (New Granada),