The Sun.
London, England, 1853-01-07 00:00:00

THE UNITED STATES' ARMY AND NAVY.

Mr. Conrad, the United States' Secretary at War, in
his last annual report, which he has recently presented to
Congress, says :

" During the past year, out of about 11,000 officers
and men, comprising the army, 8,000 have been em-
ployed in the defence of Texas, New Mexico, California,
and Oregon, or of emigrants destined to the two last.
With the exception of the Rio Grande country, which
has been disturbed by the movements of Caravajal,
Texas has generally been free from Indian depredations.
The attempt to cultivate farms with the soldiers has not
succeeded, but it is hoped it may hereafter. Still the
expenses of the Quartermaster's Department show a
decrease of 501,000 dollars compared with last year,
and the estimates for next year are reduced 500,000 dol-
lars more. By the last census, the total population of
New Mexico, exclusive of wild Indians, is, in round
numbers, 61,000 souls, and its whole real estate is esti-
mated at, in round numbers, 2,700,000 doll. To protect
this small population we are compelled to maintain a
large military force, at an annual expense nearly equal
to half the value of the whole real estate of the terri-
tory. Would it not be better to induce the inhabitants
to abandon a country which seems hardly fit for the
habitation of civilised man, by remunerating them for
their property in money, or in lands situated in more
favoured regions ?"

The Secretary recommends that a law be passed re-
quiring all minors of 18 and upwards, who shall here-
after enlist in the army, to serve out their time. It is
also recommended, by both the Secretary and the
General-in-Chief, that the pension laws be so amended
as to place the widows and orphans of officers of the
army on an equal footing with those of naval officers.
Mr. Kennedy, the United States' Secretary of the
Navy, in his annual report, says
"The vessels in service in the navy have been employed
in six squadrons—namely, that of the East Indies, the
Pacific, the African Coast, Brazil, the Mediterranean,
and the coast of the United States. The East India
squadron will consist of the ship-of-the-line Vermont ;
the steam-frigate Powhattan, Captain M'Cluney (sent
in place of the Princeton, whose machinery has
proved defective, but less so than was at first sup-
posed) ; the corvette Macedonian, Captain Abbott ;
the sloop-of-war Vandalia, Commander Pope ; and
the steamer Alleghany, Commander Sands ; which
constitute the forces assigned to Commodore Perry.
The Pacific squadron, under the command of Commo-
dore Charles F. M'Auley, has been composed of the
frigate Raritan, commanded by Commander M'Kean, as
flag-ship of the squadron ; the frigate St. Lawrance, Capt.
Dulany ; the sloops-of-war St. Mary's, Commander Mag-
ruder ; Portsmouth, Commander Dornin ; Falmouth,
Commander Pettigrew ; Vandalia, Commander Gardner ;
and Vincennes, Commander Hudson. The African squa-
dron is under the command of Commodore Lavellette,
whose flag-ship is the sloop-of-war Germantown, Com-
mander Nicholas. Besidesthis vessel, it is composed of the
sloop-of-war John Adams, Cominanderßaron ; and Dale,
Commander Lardner ; and the brigs Bainbridge, Lieut.
Manning ; and Perry, Lieut. Page. The time has come,
perhaps, when it may be properly commended to the notice
of Congress to inquire into the necessity of further con-
tinuing the regular employment of a squadron on this,
coast. The slave trade may be said to be now driven
into a comparatively narrow space on the southern por-
tion of the coast, and confined to North and South.
Guinea, while the measures recently adopted in Brazil
encourage the hope that this infamous traffic will soon
be- abandoned altogether. A few small vessels added to
the Brazilian squadron, and directed to cruise in the
track of the slave ships, may be found effectual to sup-
press the last efforts of that forbidden commerce. The
squadron on the coast of Brazil is commanded by Com-
modore M'Keever, and is composed only of his flag-
ship, the frigate Congress, Commander Pearson,
and the sloop-of-war Jamestown, Captain Downing,
with the store-ship Relief, Lieutenant Hitchcock.
Commodore Silas H. Stringham has command of
the Mediterranean squadron, in the frigate Cum-
berland, Commander Turner. His force consists
of the steamer San Jacinto, Captain Crabb, and the
sloops-of-war St. Louis, Commander Ingraham, and
Commander Goldsborough. The squadron will pro-
bably be reinforced hereafter by the steamer Princeton,
or the Saranac, if either of these vessels may be spared
from the service at home. The squadon on the coast of
the United States, or the home squadron, under the
command of Commodore Newton, consists at this time
of the frigate Columbia, the flag-ship of the Commodore,
and commanded by Commander P'the
; the
steamer Saranac, Captain Long ; the sloops-of-war
Albany, Commander Gerry, and Cayne, Commander
Hollins; and the steamer Fulton, Commander Jackson.
The Secretary argues at length for an increase of the
navy. " Other nations," he says—
" Are strengthening their maritime armament, and
we ought to do the same. In the Pacific we have not a
single armed steam-ship, though our commerce is rapidly
increasing there, and during the next 10 years it will
be the theatre of important events. On the Atlantic
there are equally potent reasons for an increase, and it
is accordingly recommended that three first-class pro-
peller frigates be- built, and three propeller sloops-of-
war, with a few small steamers, adapted to speed, for
coast navigation. In order to make room for them
in the navy yards, the frigates Santee and Sabine,
housed at Portsmouth and New York, for ten years,
should be launched. It is also recommended to take
one of the steamers built under the Mail Contract
Act of 1847, and convert it into a ship-of-war, in order
to ascertain what these are worth for that purpose.
The number of seamen should also be increased from
7,500 to 9,000, for which purpose an increase of pay or
a bounty is recommended. The marine corps also needs
to be enlarged by 80 sergeants, 8 corporals, 30 drummers
and fifers, and 1,000 privates, and the four captains and
four first and second lieutenants provisionally allowed to
the service by the act of March 3, 1849, should be per-
manently attached to it. . . . The estimates for the

support of the navy and marine corps for the year ending
on .the 30th -day of June, 1854, and the statement of
appropriations required for all objects within the
control of this department, present an aggregate of
11,501,593 dols. 67c. ; deduct for special objects
4,031,921 dols. 89c., leaves for the support of the
navy and marine corps, 7,469,671 dols. 69c. The
total amount drawn from the Treasury during the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1852, is 9,726,251 dols. 42c. ;
deduct repayments, 813,132 dols. 70c., which shows the
sum of 8,913,118 dols. 72c. as the total expenditure on
all objects under the control of the navy department, but
of which amount there was expended for special objects
the sum of 2,656,066 dols. 84c., leaving as the true ex-
penditure for the support of the navy and marine corps
6,257,051 dols. 88c. for the fiscal year ending June 30,
1852."

Mr. Kennedy speaks thus of the results experienced
in the navy from the abolition of flogging, in accordance
with the Act of 1850 : _

" I very sincerely regret to say that the records of
this department, as well as the almost entire concur-
rence of facts and opinions brought to my notice from
authentic sources, and vouched by intelligent and ex-
perienced observers, all tend to indicate a most unsatis-
factory result. The omission of Congress to provide for
the punishment of what may be called minor offences
against disciple and good order on shipboard, may per-
haps account, in part, for the failure ; but the fact
of the most serious detriment to the efficiency of
our service is so unhappily forced upon my atten-
tion, as the effect of the recent change, that
it becomes the gravest of , duties at this time
to lay the subject once more before Congress,
and to ask its attention to the consideration of
such a corrective to the present condition of the ser-
vice as I am confident it must find to be indispensable
to the proper government of the navy."

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

EPSOM JANUARY STE'
Weights for the Free Han(

Four

Yrs st lb
Half-and-Half a 10 8
Quickstep a 10 4
The Brewer h.b 3 10 4
Simple Peter 6 10 0
Brave Buck 0 9 12
Sam Hood 6 9 12
Young Lottery 0 9 10
Weights for the Hurdli

EPLE-CHASE MEETING.
limp, of 10 Soya, each ; sft.
Miles.

Ylll St lb
Ottoman 0 9 10
The Rearer 0 9 8
Robin Hood 6 9 8
Forest Lad 0 9 8
The Screw 0 9 6
br gby the Cardinal 5 9 4

Yrs st lb
Half-and-Half a 11 31.
Caurire lO 8
Odiham
Simon the Cellarer 10 4
Gulnare 5 10 2

1 Race Free Handicap.
Yrs st lb
Perjury 6 912
Harriott 6 910
Tom Gurney 4 910
Lady Bibina 6 9 8

NEWMARKET CRAVEN MEETING, 1853.
NOMINATIONS FOR THE NEWMARKET HANDICAP.—
Gossip, 3 yrs ; Retsel, 3 yrs ; Dabchick, 3 yrs ; Perfidious,
3 yrs ; Dame Tattle, 4 yrs ; Tittle Tattle, 3 yrs ; Cats-
paw, 3 yrs ; Cariboo, 6 yrs ; Confessor, 5 yrs ; Cory-
bantes, 3 yrs ; The Dandy, 3 yrs ; Quasimodo, aged ;
Finn-ma-Coul, 3 yrs ; Contentment, 3 yrs ; Little Savage,
4 yrs ; Gavotte, 3 yrs ; Ben Nevis, 4 yrs ; Kohinoor, 4
yrs ; Lucio, 4 yrs ; Ethelbert, 3 yrs ; Ann Page, 3 yrs ;
Tobolski, 3 yrs ; Indian Warrior, 4 yrs ; Kingston, 4
yrs ; Hungerford, 5 yrs ; The Bishop, 4 yrs ; Peggy, 3
yrs ; Garforth, 6 yrs ; Llanforda, 3 yrs ; Tavistock, 3
yrs ; Prime Minister, 6 yrs ; Conmore, 4 yrs ; Charley,
3 yrs ; Eliza, 31'yrs ; Galvanism, 4 yrs ; Poodle, 4 yrs ;
Termagant, 4 yrs ; Pelion, 3 yrs ; Feramorz, 3 yrs ;
Molasses, 3 yrs ; Prevention, 3 yrs ; Ammonia, 4 yrs ;
Newminster, 5 yrs ; St. George, 6 yrs ; Theseus, 5
yrs ; Grapeshot, 3 yrs ; Stockwell, 4 yrs ; Ilex, 4 yrs ;
Nutshell, 6 yrs ; Ambrose, 4 yrs ; Miss Emma, 3 yrs ;
Tested, 4 yrs ; f by Launcelot, out of Wedlock, 4 yrs ;
Daniel O'Rourke, 4 yrs ; fby Cotherstone, out of Wed-
lock, 3 yrs ; Michaelmas Maid, 3 yrs ; Homebrewed, 4
yrs ; Red Hind, 4 yrs ; Antigone, 5 yrs ; Attack, 4
yrs ; Chief Baron Nicholson, 4 yrs ; c by Don John, out
of Potentia, 3 yrs ; Nerva, 3 yrs ; The Carrier, 4 yrs ;
Babette, 4 yrs ; Surprise ; Jack-the-Giantkiller, 3 yrs ;
Talfourd, 3 yrs ; Shropshire Lass, 3 yrs ; Sanita, 4 yrs ;
Knavery, 3 yrs ; Constantine, 4 yrs ; Polly, 3 yrs ;
Weathergage, 4 yrs ; Helen, 3 yrs ; Frantic, 4 yrs ;
Scarecrow, 4 yrs ; Young Norval, 3 yrs ; Sister to Cara-
cara, 3 yrs ; Spark, 4 yrs ; Placid, 3 yrs ; Hambletonian,
4 yrs ; Herbert, aged ; Peacock ; Madrid, 4 yrs ; Bro-
ther to St. Fabin, 3 yrs.

COVENTRY SPRING MEETING, 1853.
TUESDAY.
NOMINATIONS FOR THE TRIAL STAKES.—LittIe Davie,
4 yrs ; Billy Richardson, 4 yrs ; Father Thames, 4 yrs ;
Chilton, 3 yrs ; Oxonian (late Haynau), 3 yrs.
NOMINATIONS FOR THE COVENTRY FREE HANDICAP.—
Victress, aged; b f by Weatherbit, out of Azora, 3 yrs ;
Calot, 4 yrs; c by Mickey Free, d by Rainbow, 3 yrs ;
Flora, 5 yrs ; Billy Richardson, 4 yrs ; Anne Page, 3
yrs ; Bushranger, 6 yrs ; Gladiole, 6 yrs ' • Goldfinder, 5
yrs ; Isabella, 6 yrs ; Ricardus de Pigburne, 5 yrs ;
Truth, 5 yrs ; Prestige, 5 yrs ; Duc-an-Durras, aged ;
Prime Minister, 5 yrs ; Lerrywhent, 4 yrs ; Angela, 3
yrs ; Doubt, aged ; Harp, 5 yrs ; Cheroot, 4 yrs ; Ibis,
4 yrs ; Kohinoor, 4 yrs ; Little Davie, 4 yrs ; Bellew-
ston, 4 yrs ; Eagle's Wing, 4 yrs ; Conmore, 4 yrs ;
Russborough, 6 yrs ; Humphrey, 5 yrs ; Pride, 3 yrs ;
Warwick, 6 yrs ; May-day, aged ; Caurire, aged ; Alp,
aged ' • Wiliam, 5 yrs ; Augustine, 5 yrs ; Chilton, 3
yrs ; Presto, 5 yrs ; Le Jul?, 5 yrs ; Desdemona, 3 yrs.
WEDNESDAY.

NOMINATIONS FOR THE CRAVEN STEEPLECHASE.—
The Brewer, Honest Tom, Great Western, Abd-cd
Fader, br g by the Cardinal, Trust-me-Not, Peter
Simple, Vengeance, Little Charlie, Spring, Forest Lad,
Talisman, Slattern, Ringleader, Friendless, Victress,
Due-an Durras, Crabbs, Simple Peter, Ring Dove, Peter,
Montague, Vainhope, Augustine, Maria Day, Carrig,
Benedict, Proceed, the General, Bom-ton.