The Sun.
London, England, 1838-07-11 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

We still Fold it impo.;sible to print fast enough to
supply the immense demand fur :be Gulden
Stn ; but we Sri working night and diiy to
tf,:ct that object, and the sale will be continued
until tvc:v order is executed.

Our Country Agents may vAy on being suppi.icd as
ry.pAiiv us the tedious and compEcattd process
.S:cn is produeeu wi:;
enahle us.
PRICE OF THE EXTRAORDINARY EDI

'f.►ON 01: TUE« SUN.

lii ansi.er to numerous enqn;ries and correqmdtr,

me Iwo 1t.2%-c to sere t4tar t is price or the Gold,
Swz, wht.t!ler ot Thor.,dly, Jirie 28,h, or ti
Extr,lordioaty date.l July Ist, has bee

o.lc
SUN grficr. 112, ::toz Lo..,clun.

Ilex TOZ SUN NEASI.APER commence! this day
if! I 6 minoirs
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WITH 1,1'11;CII
THE " TRUE SUN" IS NOW

TNCON.POIZA TED

L;)Ni.-,WIN.:
WEDNESDAY EVENiNC..Ii7I.7 H, is s.

We have very oftea thousht that the eccusationa ef
caprice and instability, which iadivicluals in evei.y stetion
of I fs, but ptrtiealarly ia tile upper class: s, brio; against
the mar.s of mankind vrbom they ere pleased to denominate
the mob, are much mare earreet rspresentstions of their own
mind.; than of the general con,lus,. e' !Jodie; of nese. We con-
Can Illy see Aets of Parlisnient isrsught is one year and re-
pealed the next, or a few years ar;;er, her:also :he legis!aters do
not remain coovineed of clic, truth of their own princieles two
yesrs together. The Sella of 13eer Act is a cese in point. In
1829 that was passed by the To: its oil the tvishes and de:needs
of the Whigs, end row both pasties seein equally desiroas
to repel it. Such proceedings confer no honour on the
Legislature ; and though we admit that if it have taken a
fa!Je step it cannot go back too soon, it valeta to be quite
sure before it takes that b wkward step which may be only
another wrong step, that it will not again do more harm
than good. Now to ten us that it was grossly in the
wrong in 1829 give us no assurance that it is right in 1838,
We published on Monday a very good letter on the sub.
jeet, in which it was stated "that a vast number of persons
is town and country had laid out a considerable property—
in many instances all their property—in hiring and fitting
up houses for the sale of beer, and that the sudden repea
of the Act would entail great hardships and ruin on them."
From a return laid on the table of the House of Commons,
we can now state the number of such persons. Does
the reader suppose that they equal the clerks and officers of
the Courts of law, about whose vested interests the Legis-
latureAvas so careful when it was compelled a few years
ago to abolish fees and Reform the Courts ? They
amounted at most to 200. Does he suppose then the beer
shopkeepers, who have invested their all in this branch of
industry, are as numerous as the Parsons of Ireland, over
whose petty deprivations of coach-horses, libraries, and sil-
ver forks, the compassion of the two Houses of Parliament
and of the public has
*been stirred to the very lowest
depths ? They amount to less than 5,000. Are the beer shop-
keepers as many, are they twice as many, are they four times as
many, are they ten times as many ? They are eleven times
as many, at least, as all the parsons of Ireland, and 225
times As numerous as all those servitors, and janitcrs, and
clerks of the courts, whose petty paltry farthing interests
were for years allowed to impede and turn aside the cur_
rent of justice. The number of licences issued to beer-
shopkeepers in the year 1.837 was 45,394 ; it was 44,130
in the year 1836, and 39,054 in 1835. Now, all the
property of these 45,394 persons, destroying, perhaps,
their means. of gaining a future subsistence, is to
be-swept away by a Bill which is to be the death b!ow of
the beer-shops. Already the Legislatere has much to an-
swer for to the suTering, patient, labouring classes, and it
ought well to consider before it aggravates its responsibility
by injuring the property of 45,394 persons, each of whom,
as the centre of a little circle of customers, has probably a
considerable influence over several sturdy and not over-
contented minds.

Our enlightened Contemporary the Morning Advertiser
has stated, with just reprobation, that in 18:29 a vast
amount of the property of the licensed victuallers was
sacrificed by the Sale of Beer Act. That was a fault, or
a crime, in the Legislature ; but it surely will not be re-
paired by now committing a similar fault or crime, and sacri-
ficing the property of the beer-seller. Can one unjust con-
fiscation compensate another ? Must the so-called paternal
Legislature be like a passionate mother, who whips one child
in her rage, she does not know .why, and thou whips
the other that it may have nothing to boast of? Suppose
that each of these 45,39 i parsons has embarked o::ly 101.
in his business, here will be a sum cf 45:3,9•40/., which, by
putting an end to the Kerr-shops, the Legislature will
confiscate of the industrious classes. Proressine. as it does
the tenderest ear,: of those I:l.3ssoF:, that it will sa injure them
we shall not believe, prcne as we adneit we are to believe
evil of the Legislature, till we see the foul deed accom-
olished.

It is sail that the Act of 1829 is a raluro. Doc 3 tl:e
Let that 45,394 persons have ecgagerl in hus;nef:s under it
?rove that it was a failure ? We ciao')

it. ever a

nigalure more ck-vn2l;/), answ,!re! Firpsse i;,

tended.

El 6 of 0.:(03 petc, it.

must be presumed, a living, for nurri!),r ;s increa.;-
log every year ; ea :•11 of :bera :itt co-.4!?iinitv to C.:O CO!-

fo't antconven:ence o: so:n s,:ob,cs.ox euto!nf r 4, or Ri
lout one niiiiio)nr ia:rnns tiro n':si bnefil:c.,l by thi! gale

or Beer Act.

If' this 1)! a
_;7-o,llpe, ire End

gi:oraut.

'We have to rrgret for the sake of the public that thtse matters are
kept so very secret, as until the truth is known, surmises will be abroad
making things a thousand times worse than they actually arc. We
therefore think Government cannot do better than make known the real
causes of the present preparations.
J

ustice to Ireland seems likely to end in gross injustice
,o the rest of the empire. We must pay our own tithes to
the full, at least as far as it is possible to levy them ; for
the reader does not now need, we presume, to be informed
that the tithe system, which some of the priesthood
call a divine system, is, in the present state of
society, an utter impossibility. The full tithe has not been
levied in England for many years, and can no more be
levied than the Archbishop of CANTERBURY can
take his Cathedral on his back. But while we in
England pay tithes as far as theyncan be levied, the peo-
ple of Ireland who send their corn freely into our markets,
do not, when they p at all, pay tithes to the extent of
one-third of what we pay. But besides not paying at
any time 51 much as We ply, they have for the butt
few years reiLl4ed. to pay any tithes at all, and the Legis.
lature has most unjustly added to our burdens, in order
to iv the tithes for the Irish. Some four or five years
ago a Million of money was voted by Parliament to be ap-
propriated to the tithe owners, and repaid by them when
they recovered their arrears of tithes. They never have
T,?COVerf'd them, and it was yesterday stsvested, and
received with 7pprobation by the Houie of Can,,,
woes, tint 1t?,000/. wide% has been already ad_
vane,•d, should not be demanded back. But suhsr-
qnk,nt to pa.,sine. that Act other arrears kayo arlsen
to the ettent ot. f107,C001., and it is now proposed
he Sir P.OBERT PEEL

that these shouhl c!so Le
paH Y the St „;te. The Eng;ish and Scotch then are to pny
ti:. is sh,ircs of 947,0:)0/. as a bounty to the Irish for not
their tith-s. It may be voiy .'or Sir It.

prOnf Of the .531.,•0' of ? cats
thi,s; de.
Abani the reveal of the Sale 0,1 Bitr: Act, 'Lint to any

other Act of the Legislature which has contributed to the
comfort and convenience of a million of the working-classes?

For the above remarks, vc hich were written yesterday,
we could not then find room, but we see nothing in them
to-day to after. We must add, however, that we have
read with great pleasure the declaration of the CHANCEL-
LOR of the EXCHEQUER in the House of Commons last
night on the subject, and we hope that the whole power of
the Government will be thrown on the side of the

existing law.
Perhaps it might be wise to adopt Lord BROUGHAM'S
Bill, striking out the last clause. That Bill authorises the
sale of beer as of bread, without any licence whatever, but
the lad, clause forbids it being drunk where sold. Such
a prohibition is wrong in principle, and it would
be inefficient in practice. Why should not the thirsty
traveller, or the hard-working labourer, drink his beer es
he may eat bis bread, where he buys it? What should
we think of a law to authorise the selling of confectionary,
but forbidding it to be eaten in the pastry-cook's shop?
What, too, would prevent the thriving beer-seller from
evading the law ? By the help of two contiguous hold-
ings, held by father and son, or two brothers, the beer
might be sold in one and drunk in the other. Such
peddling legislation, which Lord Bnotro HAM only adopts in
the hope of hoodwinking the lay and ecclesiastical claret
drinkers, who oppose beer drinking, is altogether unworthy
of rational law makers.

The reasoning too on which the whole meddling of the
Legislature is founded is eminently contemptible.
lowest classes, the poorest—those who are in continual ()
position to the law—those from whoai proceed in the pre.
sent state of society the chief of those violations of pro.
pertr•, which squires and parsons are most eager to repress
'congregate in beer-Louses, as the places most suitable tt
them, and then the beur-houses ar,t said to cause their
Where should they meet ? Will the Rector give
up Lis rectory to tbein, or the Squire his traznsion ? They
must and gill meet somewhere. They cannot be put out
of existence, for then the parson and the sqnire most till their
own fields ; they cannot be den:cd the pleasure of each other's

The

convvr,e ; eannta be shut up uach a separate cell or
St,-.11, ilku eart•hor3es, when their work i 3 done ; and wherever
they meet they talk over their gri4s, and lay their
Flacs to redress, pe:•liaps unnis2ly, some of the evils, and
sew:e. of tl:e injnsfee of which it enact be 'denied they we

I: C vicCros. Their exi,tence, their pr;•sent condition in
a state of hostility to the opuleut clarses, is the real evil ;
and to comi;a'n or the places whither they resert as causing
:mmorality, and where they dc‘ise their !dans, to coodermi
beer-shops because the labourers meet in them, is as absurd
in Grand Juries and Members of Parliament, as if we
were to say, tl at the houses in which they ram
and talc rave birth to their nefainus system for
plunderiogr the people by a Cora-law. The I.•)gislature
ought not to condemn the beer-houses, but, as Mr. II umE
:lid, the ignorance and poverty of the masses.
Another specimen of gross a 1,41 contemptible igilorance
in tho.e who fence' the y can improve the Lumal
en-i ti c order of n me. w.is exhihited by Squire SANroan.
T;.at gen,lein wish. dit to be pro% idea that. no man
si.ould sell beer, but him who brewed it. lie would revet
s.
the order of society, which is constant!), sqaratiog
trade?, and tie two into rim. His prnc'ple followed
Dist would put an end to division and suhdivls:on of kboul-,
which is oerpetualy estendieg itself in so: ie:y, end which
is tlle of nil improvement. When gert!emen propose
to eon ect the hnowle:?g,r and h.h-ts uf the p mr, the}

,!;,,I;h1 take care net, as in tTnii ca;', to prove
'7.):•fote all ti..e cont.:mptibly ;al contompib'y

Lor:IIIIELBounNE stilted in the Home of Peers Ls'

n'ght, tlt answer to a question addres,ed to the Goy-em-
inent by Lord JROCGIIAM, that no 0r.1ei3.! intelligence lid
been received of the occupation of Teheran by a Russian
army ; and, moreover, that the oecw-rence of such an
uetit was most Unlikely. We are glad to Lear this ; for r-e
confess we ha I been under an ittression that
there r.-as nothing at all un:ikely in the cir-
cumstance of Russia seeking by perfidy to realize
one of ti.e great objects of her amid:ions arc tats for
upwards of a eetrury. All the -world is aware that she
ntedi!ates the annexation of Persia to her vast empire, in
order to clear her pasFage to India, where she hopes to be
able to wipe off all scores between herself and Great
Britain. Her vast designs have not been hidden from us ;
and we know the character of her Government too well to
doul;t her utter unscrupulousness in r.ny and every attempt
to realise them. Nor would it a' pear from the :,deices re-
ceived direct from India, that the British authorities there
regarded the report alluded to by Lord BROUGHAM in the
same indifferent light as do her MAJEST Y's Ministers. On
the contrary, the following article, which we copy from the
Bombay Gazette of the 21st of May, indicates an appre-
hension of acts on the part of Russia still more atrocious
than the hostile occupation of any one city Ivithin the do-
minions of the Persian AloNattett :
we are sorry to say that the course of events in Persia has called far
an armed iiiterierzlice on the part of the Government of this Presi-
dency. It is not known precisely, as secrecy is the order of the day,
what particular cause there is for the extraordinary preparations that are
now in progress in the Indian navy. Something serious it must hare
been, otherwise so many vessels would not have been ordered to proceed
in the direction of the Gulph. Some say that Mr. M'Neil has been
ordered to quit the Persian Court, or has quitted it of his own accord, in
consequence of certain proceedings derogatory to British interests
and inconsistent with a due regard to British honour. It
is reported that an order has been received at Bushire by
Cap!ain Hennel from Mr. Neil for the former to leave
that place, and put himself under the protection cf the British tin in
the Persian Gulph at it's head quarters. Bassadore. From this it would
appear that our relations with Persia which have long worn a threaten.
itig aspect have at length reached a crisis, and that it has become necessary
for us to maintain, by the presence of an armed force, the respect which
is due to us under the faith of treaties, and to prevent the dismember-
ment of Persia, which seems to be threatened by Russian intrigue. We
know not what credence is to be given to the rovort that a body of
Russians had entered the Persian service for maintaining the influence of
the Czar in the councils of the Shah, but if this actually be the case, it is
time that we bethink ourselves of the true position of our affairs in that
country, and asset t our title to that respect which is due to one of the oldest
arid most faithfulallies of the Persian monarchy. The arms of the Russians
are it well known, bent under the specious pretence offriendship upon
the annexation of Persia to Russian empire, while those of Britain
have for their only object the preservation of tranquillity, and the up.
holding of legitimate authority.
The news, whatever they are, arrived a few days ago by a Buggelow
from the Persian Guiph. They must have been considered of the
highest importance, as a meeting of Council was held late on Satur.
day afternoon for the purpose of deciding what measures ought to be
taken, under such an emergency. We cannot help noticing in terms
of strong reprehension the conduct of our Commander-in-Chief, whose
presence was imperatively required in such a juncture, in absenting
himself from the presidency without leaving behind him any account
of his movements. He has gone to sea, and now, in a peculiarly
military crisis, no one knows where to send for him, at a time when his
advice might be of the utmost consequence.
The following vessels proceed with as little delay as possible to the
scene of action, and we think the armament cannot fail of striking a
salutary terror, inasmuch as the formidable Hastings is one of
the number, and must inspire a wholesome fear wherever her por-
tentous and unseemly bulk snakes its appearance. The vessels are
the Semiramis, Hugh Lindsay, Hastings, Coate, Tigris, Mahe,
and the Grant, if she can be got reedy. There was a report that the
Berenice would also be sent on the excursion, but this appears to be
without foundation. If however she should go, the Mahe will be sent
on with her dispatches.

PEEL to settle the Irish Tithe question on any terms ; bu
it is not desirable that we should pay such a sum
to enable him to get rid of this difficult question, and
get back into power. It is a gross injustice to
the English and Scotch—in every sense but one—
to fine them because the Irish have disobeyed the law. In
one sense it is just. If they will ilersist in fastening an
Establishment of idle, mischievous Protestants, O'Suw-
VANS and M'GHEES, on a Catholic population, they ought
to pay for it. We only doubt vihether the people who are
to pay the expense be the culprits in this case. We
are afraid that the aristocratic •Legislature is the wrong-
doer, and that it is enabled in this, as in almost all other
cases, to make the people bear the lurden of its sins. The
Aristocracy may love the Establishment as a means of
providing for kinsmen and tutors—the people, who ale
obliged to pay for it, would rather it were extinguished.

The whole of the Paris Papers of. Aonday have
been ;eceived, together with advices from Madrid of the
2d inst. The Mathid Gazette of that date contains a
dispatch from Go.neral NARVAEZ, stating that he had de-
feated the Carlist Chief OREJITA, near Ciudad Real on
the 23th ult., kiling thirty of his men, and making nine-
teen officers, a Chapla;n, ant three hundred and seventy
privates, prisoners.

The King and Queen of the BELGIANS arrived on Sun-
day at Neuilly.
On Monday the trial of Lieutenant LAITY, for publish-
ing a treasonable pamphlet, commenced before the Cham-
ber of Peers. The proccelings attracted little or no at-
tentioa

The Hablador, however, pretends that the change in the Cabinet has
not yet taken place, because the great personages who are intended to
form the new Administration have not yet been able to agree among
themselves. We believe, adds that Journal, that the Crown will take
advantage of this delay to make a satisfactory chuice, setting aside the
violent men of both parties.
The provincial deputation of Cordova has sent an address to the.
Government, desiring that that province may be relieved from the state
of siege. The typhus fever is generally prevalent in all the depots of
prisoners. It rages above all at Salsona; the Bishop of that city has
fallen a victim to it.—Le Commerce.

According to accounts from Madrid of Ist July, the session of the
Cortes was to be closed on the Bth. The departure of M. Mennizabal
for London, and then fir Paris, had been talked of; it is now believed
that he is going to Andalusia. The Government is not without some
dneasiness respecting this journey, the object of which does tint appear.
The Guide Nalion7l, a Marsieiles journal, says that recent accounts
from Circassia bring the news that the Circassians Lad just gained an
important advantage ; that they had attacked and nearly destroyed a
Corps of 3,000 Russians, who had got entangled in their mountains.
Rolm, Just: 24. His Excellency the Marquis de Croon di Vergagni,
Envoy Extraordinary, uutl Minister Plenipotentiary front the King of
Sardinia to the King of the two Su:flies, arrived at !tome, from Tunis,
yesterday morning.—Le Commerce, July 9.
LATEST t;i:S.
Five per Cents. Illf. 45e.
Three per Cents., NW.
Bank Actions, '2,609f.
Romanz, 101 s.
Belgian Loan, 102%. •
Belgian Bank, 1,4.5 f.
Spanish Actives, t).3.
Spanish Passives, 5
Spanish Differes,
Loan, :15511
AusTnIANT FUNDS.—ViniNA, A:7ga 20
rive per Colts. tivtsttiryues
Four per Cents 11.0!.4
Three p,r Cent>.
Bank Shares 1,6.1
eine Zeit unr , July 5.

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 11, 1838