The Sun.
London, England, 1853-01-22 00:00:00

N.B.—Agents wan teal!' all parts of the World.

IMPORTANT MEDICAL AND SURGICAL WORKS,
Just published, by U. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street, London.
Bvo., in cloth, price Noss Irby post free ss. 6d.,
(N TRUE & FALSE
with the Vtew, o s
in relation to the Treatment
,timiestuan Core Sufferers Debility the
;heE.CoSrerPefeEtioßnMofAwirTiedtae-sßpr.R,eaCEEerfor'
:he German
Generative System
"Dr. Pickford 1.8 known to Emnegdliish readers biPys
Translated from :la IhCisKFfrOecißuDent
prima.
German
haenhams
may not
himself to the non-medi-
al literature. This is the first
grant
cdtml
ec,onh ter li bhuretri omnss
us, that
evilt be the last, if he shall
nydon Medicattharti sze tie. Ray 30, 1851.
cal render. We trust this
rt hr
eeert .
,e,_qu
Tall
which it may he in hir.
detect
ewer any
to coo
"We promised in a former number we should recur to this
work, in order to exhibit its aim more c'ea l The author lashes
with great severity the impostors who nutkreYa.l' livelihood by preying
nn the credulity of the public. Ihe tribe of `
and ' 51 edical Friends,' arc met citessly ~.posecQuiet Symathisers,'
and if this book
could find its way into the hands of those who stifi'er th corn-
plaint of which it tre its, we are satisfied that many hundreds
be saved much needless suffering of body and mind, and reds w‘aild
less importance, theueli it is that which the quacks most it
of
much money.. This volume is well qualified to µtit an end to
system of treating Spermatorrhcea, and to place
the ttorethe
cent upon a more rational and physiological basis. It is, therefore,at.
likely to do niuch good."—Medical Circular, June 16, 1852,

No. IT.
Bvo., in cloth, price 38. 6d., by poet free, 45.,
THE CURE OF STRICTURE OF TIIIi URETHRA, on Prtnet.
pies at once Simple, Safe, and F.ftlelent, In even Its most Inveterate
and apparently Intractable Forms.
BY F. B. COURTENAY,
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
. .

"In proof of his views he (Mr. Courtenay) has given
he history of a great many cases successfully treated, as had
as any which Mr. Syme adduced, and on which he had operated.
Such are cases ix., xi., xii., and xvtii. No. ix. had res•rted, for a
period of twelve years, the treatment by dllitation, and was finally
removed in as many weeks. But cases xviii. and xix. appear, both
In duration, severity, and complication of symptoms, of a more ag-
gravated character than any detailed by Mr. Syme, and yet the
treatment adopted by Mr. Courtenay proved eminently Saccessittl."
.7•Proleanor Lima on the Treatment of 'Stricture.

ON TIIE PHILOSOPHY OF MARRIAGE, AND THE SECRET
INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY.
WITH FIFTY COLOURED ENGRAVINGS ON STEEL.

:n French, English, German, Dntoh, Spanish, and Italian, in a
Sealed Envelope, ls. fid., or post-free, for Forty-two Stamp,

QELF-PRESERVATION; an
_Analytical Investigation of the Physiology and Functions of
Marriage, in all the bearings in which that important subject affects
the health and happiness of Man, ,A Ith its lli:ity3lifications and Impe-
diments, tracing their origin to the effects of juvenile solitary habits,

'outhrul excess, tropical climates, or doss study ; followed icy prac-

tical remarks, founded on twenty years' experience in the treatment
of Impuissance, Nervous Debilityi Local Weakness, Spermatorrhaea.
Syi.hilis. and all diwases of the Urinary and Generative System. It-
tustrated by SO coloured Engravings, on the Anatomy of the Repro-
ductive Organs and their relative conditions in Health and Disease.

By SAMUEL LA'MEET, M.D.
37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,

Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of Edit,
earth, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society,
Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., &c.
The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fearful
consequences resulting front irregularities and excesses, which
have produced more misery in Youth, degradation In Man-
hood, and premature decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, am-
other class of disease known to modern pathologists. The treatment
adopted is founded on experience gained in the most celebrated
schools of medicine both in this country and in continental Europe.
The results of the knowledge thus acquired are here condensed under
the personal supervision of Dr. La'Mert, himself one of the few
egaily qualified physicians who have devoted their whole and un-
divided studies to this important branch of medical science. In short,
every peculiarity relating to the treatment of the diseases incidental
to the generative system, and the means of immediate relief and
ultimate cure are described in detail. The professional reputation
Of 1)r. La'Mert, who has taken the most distinguished medical
and academic honours at home and abroad, is in itself a sufficient
guarantee that those who may place themselves under his care
will, in every instance, meet with that delicate consideration and
inviolable secrecy which are so requisite in the treatment of these
cases.

Published by the Author, and may be had of J. Gilbert, 49, Pater•
noster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Starie, Titchborne-street,
Haymarket; Mann, 23, Comhill ; or free by post for forty-two
stamps, from the author, who may be consulted personally, or by
etter daily, from Ten tit Two, and from Six till Eight.

A CONVICT'S LETTER.—A letter has just been received
by Mrs. Porter, of North-street, Stamford, from her
husband (Henry Porter), formerly a butcher in this
town, who was convicted at Kesteven sessions, held at
Bourn on the 15th Oct., 1848, of stealing a sheep from
a field at Aunby, the property of Mr. Fras. Ormond,
and sentenced to 10 years' transportation. It appears
that the convict is most anxious for his wife and children
to proceed to him. He sailed from Plymouth on the
11th March last, and arrived at Hobart Town on the 4th
July—" He says—" When I landed, I was compelled to
engage myself (to a butcher) for 12 monthe, after which
I shall be my own master. lam receiving 141. a-year for
that time, board and lodging included. If I had my full
liberty, I could earn 21. per week here as a butcher, and
in Port Philip 51. per week. Both you and my dear
children prey heavily on my mind, and I regret to admit
that I think more about you now than when we lived
together. I hope you will form a good resolution, and
come to me. My misfortune lies heavily upon my mind
and you alone could give me relief. It is not only my
wish but the wish of my master also that you should
come and live with me in this distant country. The
scenery is very beautiful, and people are making rapid
fortunes. The trade that is carried on in Hobart Town
is immense. The shops in Stamford are indeed insignifi-
cant compared to those here, and Mr. Knight's shop in
High-street is nothing in comparison to the drapers'
establishments here. There is scarcely a butcher's shop
in Hobart Town that is doing less business than was
done by the late Mr. John Pollard previously to my
leaving Lincolnshire." In speaking of stock, Porter
says, " The colonial cattle are something like the Irish :
the sheep also are very small, weighing only 101bs.
to 121bs. per qr. The cattle that come from Port
Philip are splendid ; and the sheep are equal to the
English Southdowns, weighing from 701bs. to 801bs.
each. Bullocks weigh 50st., 60st., and 70 st. ;
and the fat beef is as fine as any in England—much
like the Devonshire breed. We often kill 30 sheep,
and sometimes 3 and 4 beasts, on a Sunday : this I
very much dislike, for I should like to spend the Sabbath
in a different manner." Pridmore challenged me one
Saturday night in my master's shop : he seemed very
pleased
to see me, but it hurt him much to see me in my
humiliating position." In conclusion, the writer says,
"Let me beg of you to comply with my request and
come to me. I will do the utmost in my power to get
you with me. I will send you 101. myself before you
al enadv eI
should England,
think t
hparishat
minewould
anmmd giveayyk
oebur you
rohtibhsreorthE fortunes
eodlms‘veatwrhhdoineurtfedo:
ecoolmleectonsotmweitthhinygonfo:rhyeouw.
onTldell
11:ienoephl ewleeaalvt eh h e
Itc ei
sfor
in dtehe
e,i,goldwonderful, fields,
the money
moreturnney with
John
Heaton and his son and Benjamin Senescall have ob-
tained : they are now living at Port Philip in inde-
pendent circumstances. I will keep my word, whe-
ther you come out or not, and send you 10/. per
year, and if you dare not leave England I shall return
to you as soon as I may be allowed. Forgive me what
I have done, and may God bless and protect you," &c.
BANK OF ENGLAND NOTES NOT A LEGAL TENDER IN
AUSTRALIA.—Mr. William Howitt, the distinguished
author, who has paid a temporary visit to Australia,
makes the following very important communication
The letter is dated "111elbourne, Port Philip, September
26, 1852 :"—" Be so good as to place the fact which I
now state in a prominent part of your paper, that it may
be copied as widely as possible. Up to the time of my
quitting England for this place, on the 10th of June last,
I never saw it published anywhere, either in the news-
tTedaplerraelpirpete3ac,riaownatmcarorrespondence frOm the Australian gold-fields or
in any of the books or pamphlets on these gold-fields,
that Bank of England notes are held to be no legal ten-
: coming
discount
tssftoceeuort
tulhcynodi
this
tao
ionfl
refused
colonies. st2..oTphhlSeeenurrr eeecht,
eha,
enervtehs.e
hona
ptNbhe viy.uoneuntriwsh,
baeheniri sdesbhaaotnrflhrliepcevarei case..:persons
—oe nax st.
Bent—there port erd diem, and
were
ed
numbers
tener
sm
set:
uo
cukt ofw eachth
consterna-
tion
Bthhaesnk of England notes ;1 fromoasltino st e4voe/r.yto o
nleoo/.by something,thei
at the news.
mere or lees.

The Attorney-General (in continuation of what ap-
peared in our impression of yesterday), directed the at-
tention of the Court to the conduct of Achilli in refusing
to answer certain questions put to him.; His conduct in
that respect showed he was not worthy of belief. One
strong ground for not believing him was founded on his
answers with respect. to the matter contained in the do-
cument brought from the Inquisition. Achilli had de-
clared that lie was only suspended on account of doc-
trine, and not of moral misconduct. The document from
the inquisition expressly stated moral misconduct had
been taken into consideration by that tribunal. That
was decisive, Unless it was meant to be asserted, which
he did not believe was the case, that these charges had
been fabricated by the officials when they delivered out
the document—in fact, that it was a forged instrument.
Achilli said that he had never been deprived. This do-
cument proved that he had been. Achilli said that that
was impossible, for that the Inquisition had no jurisdic-
tion over priests but in matters of faith. Here, again,
the document proved that it was a misconception or a
misrepresentation ; besides which, the evidence of Dr.
Grant showed that the Inquisition had the jurisdiction
which was thus denied. Though the effect of that judg-
ment in the Inquisition might not be conclusive by our
law as to the facts which it recited, yet it could not be
supposed that the document was made to contain false
or fictitious matter. Their lordships would not say that
the officer of the court had lent himself to such a foul and
slanderous practice ; and if not, then its was clear that
that part of the charge was 'made out, and even that
Achilli had confessed the guilt imputed to him.
Mr. Justice Coleridge—Was there any evidence that
the charges were read to him, or that he was exa-
mined upon them ?

The Attorney-General—There was no evidence upon
that point, but there was his admission or confession in
the document.

Mr. Justice Coleridge—lt does not
~say that these
statements were made in his presence.
The Attorney-General—He admitted that ho had
been examined, but denied that he was so as to these
points.

(Some discussion here ensued as to this document,
and, finally, it appeared to be the general opinion that
the document was a very vague and unsatisfactory
paper, not of the first-class Latinity, nor with a very
intelligible meaning.)
The Attorney-General then proceeded to notice the
observations which had been made with respect to the
exclusion of Dr. Achilli from the court during the trial.
He contended that that exclusion was perfectly justifi-
able, as Achilli was himself to be a witness, and the
principal witness on his own behalf.

- Mr: Justice Coleridge—Was it not a'case out of the
ordinary rule, since he was in truth the accused party,
and he did not know the witnesses who might be pro-
duced against him ?

The Attorney-General said he did know them, for
they were in court, and he saw them ; he had not been
deprived of any advantage which he was entitled to
claim.

Lord Campbell—He was deprived of the power of
instructing his counsel.
The Attorney-General said that that was true, but
Achilli could not have suffered on that account ; for his
case was, not that the witnesses spoke untruly as to this
or that matter, but that he knew nothing whatever of
them ; and if that was so, he could not have had any
instructions to give to his counsel. Then, again, it was
said that he had been subjected to great severity of
cross-examination. He (the Attorney-General) must
say that he had never seen a man on whom cross-ex-
amination produced less impression. He denied the
whole of the transaction from beginning to end, and
therefore it was impossible to produce effect by cross-
examining such a man. There was one other point of
view from which to consider Achilli's conduct. What
course had he pursued with regard to that most sacred
of all subjects—religion ? He said that he was shocked
at the doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church, and at
the conduct of its priests, and so he left it ; yet it was a
fact that he was dismissed from it for infidelity and im-
propriety of conduct. He was suspended and dismissed
from his functions ; he was at first enjoined performance
of penance, but was allowed to remain a member of the
Church. He did not like penance nor seclusion, and
so he left the Church. His ecclesiastical functions
being taken away from him, his bread was gone ; so
he came over and became a shining light of, the ,Pro-
testant Church. (A laugh.) What was his- own account
of himself ? The libel charged him with being a
hypocrite under a cowl, and his own statement of his
having administered the sacraments of thsjioingt Church
after he had ceased to believe them 1311144 d that that
charge was true.
Lord Campbell—lt must be a difficult' thing to know
the exact moment when a man, who has once believed,
ceases to be a member of his Church, an44ntirely rejects
its doctrines. I
Mr. Justice Coleridge—A man may administer the
sacrament in our Church on one Sunday, and receive
the mass on the next Sunday, and yet do both con-
scientiously.
The Attorney-General : Undoubtedly that might be
so in some cases, but lie doubted whether it was so
here, and there were answers of Achilli which seemed to
him to prove that long after Achilli had in his own
mind entirely rejected the doctrines of his Church he
had continued to administer its sacraments. He must
submit, on the whole view of the evidence, that
the case o the defendant was established by the
proof he had adduced, and that it was not answered
by the sole and unsupported testimony of Achilli.
That being so, the question arose whether, under the
recent statute of the 6 and 7 Viet., c. 96, the Court ought
to refuse this rule because it had the ewer in award-
ing punishment, to take the whole of
the evidence into
consideration. To lay down such a rule would, he sub-
mitted, be a mistake. But then it was said that it would
be a hardship to allow Dr. Newman, who was in point
of form the defendant, the benefit of a new trial, and to
refuse that advantage to Dr. Achilli, who was substan-
tially the defendant. That argument was not well-found-
ed ; for, first, Achilli was not, technically speaking, a
defendant ; and, further, there was a distinction between
this ease and the case of an ordinary conviction or pe-
nalty, for there the defendant could not be examined,
while here Achilli had that advantage, and having that,
he must take the attendant disability with it. The ver-
dict here was monstrous—it was agiiinst the great weight
of evidence ; and yet a new trial was to Ile refused, merely
because of the power which the Court possessed under
the recent statute, to take the evidence into consideration
in awarding punishment. The defendant there had not
conducted himself recklessly in Tutting forward these
charges against Achilli. It was not his fault that there had
been a deficiency of evidence anywhere. Nor had there
been so on the main points of the charges, but that evi-
dence had been disregarded by a blamed and partial jury.
The defendant was entitled to ask for a reconsideration
of the case, and for the means of proving the charges
which the evidence, fairly considered, would have been
deemed to establish. The matter was in the hands of
their lordships—in their discretion they must refuse or
grant this new trial ; and he confidently trusted that
they would come to a right and proper decision.
Mr. Sergeant Wilkins, who was to have followed the
Attorney-General, asked, on account of temporary indis-
position, that Mr. Bramwell might be allowed first to
address the court.

The court at once assented to the proposal.
Mr. Bramwell next followed on the same side in sup-
port of the rule. He said that this ease had assumed
greater importance than ever to Dr. Newman, and to the
mysterious person darkly hinted at by Sir F. Kelly as
having got it up ; and the issue now before their lord-
ships amounted in fact to no more nor less than whether
no fewer than twelve of the witnesses who had given
evidence in support of the charges against Dr.
Achilli had deliberately and wilfully perjured them-
selves, because no solution of error or mistake could
account for their statements. There was, he contended,
greater improbability in the reality of such a compli-
cated mass of perjury than there was in the truth of the
charges made against Dr. Achilli. By whom, he would
ask, could all that perjured testimony have been suborned ?
He would grant that there might be persons who were
capable of concocting such a fohl and widely-rami-
fied conspiracy as was supposed against Dr. Achilli ;
but what could possibly be the object of the authors of
such an enormity ? A malignant adherent of one Church
might seek to crush the adherent of another Church ;
but surely it was one of the rashest and most imprudent
things to put forth a libel with all that variety of parti-
cularity of names, places, and dates, if they were all pure
fiction. Was it possible to believe that if such a libel
had been invented, that twelve witnesses would have
been found to establish the truth of the charges with
circumstantial and minute accuracy ? Here were twelve
respectable and otherwiswe pheaocwheedvera,ndmcrr.edßibelyenwolidts-
nesses, whose statements were all to be set aside and
hich,
stigmatised simply because Dr. Achilli alone chose to con-
tradict them. Even if Mr. Reynolds 1141 been occasionally
guilty of drunkenness,
himself flatly denied, that of itself could not justify the
jury in regarding his evidence as malignant perjury.
It had been said that this was only a case of oath against
oath ; but the fact was, it was twelve oaths against Dr.
Achilles single unsupported oath in his own case. Again,
if Dr. Achilli was that virtuous and exemplary man
which he represented himself to be, it was manifest that
he was the most unfortunate being that ever lived ; for
wherever lie went, whether it was to Viterbo, to Cepha-
lonia, to Zante, or to Malta, by a strange and unexam-
pled fatality which always followed him, these strange
him ; imputationsan d h
he—this
libidinous
remarkablyconduct
good were
man—was broughttheagainst i
ll-
starred victim who was invariably selected to bear the
brunt of these accusations. Every place he went to he
seemed soon to have made too hot to hold him ; and cer-
tainly his own account of his life assigned no intelligible
reason for his leaving Zante or Corfu. If this was a
case which was to turn upon the number of the wit-
thheer
eci
thwitnessesoee in
againstsupport
it eorf
itfhteiiter uetvhidoefn
cteh eo
of
libel
both sides was to be weighed, certainly
witnessesnouestnseusin on
that on behalf of Dr. Newman was the most trustworthy,

because not one of the witnesses had broken down upon
cross-examination, except, perhaps, two of the English
females. It could not be said that religious prejudice ac-
counted for the charge with regard to Corimboni's wife
being brought against Dr. Achilli ; for both Mr. Rey-
nolds and Miss Levachie, the governess, were Protes-
tants ; and as for the improbability of Dr. Achilli being
guilty of familiarities with that woman in so open a
manner as Mr. Reynolds described, it was only reason-
abled to suppose that a man of his unbridled propensities
allowed his lust to get the better of his prudence. The
loose character of the man was evident from the manner
in which he took a notorious prostitute into hi. service ;
and his conversation with Dr. Bonavia, the Protestant
teacher at Malta, whose statement and whose motives
were alike unimpeachable' showed beyond dispute what
were his opinions and his habits with regard to his in-
tercourse with women. Again, with respect to his
dismissal from the Protestant College at Malta, the
remarkable fatality which marked his previous course
seemed to have attended him there also, because he
selected Saccares, the precise individual against whom
the gravest of the charges of immorality were
brought, as the fittest person to send away to Sicily
on a mission to distribute Bibles. Again, it was
rather a curious circumstance that Dr. Achilli's convic-
tions of the errors of Roman Catholicism should have
come upon him just at the precise period when his
means of acquiring his livelihood in the Roman Catholic
Church were taken away from him, for it was a singular
fact that even in his own book he never said a word of
the conversion either of his " head " or his "heart " to
Protestantism before that time. He (Mr. Braniwell)
could not account for the jury having chosen to believe
Dr. Achilli and dis Credit all the witnesses on the other
side, unless it was that their judgment had been swayed
by their religious prepossessions, and that they had sup-
posed—most erroneously—that unless they found a ver-
dict against Dr. Newman, the Protestant religion would
be prejudiced.
Lord Campbell—They expressly disclaimed.having
been influenced by any religious bias.
Mr. Bramwell—Certainly ; and he admitted that they
believed themselves devoid of all such bias ; but he
thought they might well be mistaken on that head, and
even their own disclaimer might show that they
felt the pressure of their peculiar religious feelings
upon their minds. Now, he contended that it was
the bounden duty of every body of men, no matter to
what sect or party they might belong, to waive their
peculiar predilections and opinions, and be guided
by a sole regard to that which ought to be foremost
in the minds of every professor of religion, namely, the
paramount interest of truth. He could not, therefore,
but think that had the jury had time to consider that a
decision against Dr. Achilli, if demanded by the evidence,
would do the Protestant cause no real injury, they
would have arrived at a very different verdict. As to
the technical objection that had been raised to the
granting of a new trial, he conceived that the finding
must either be for Dr. Achilli generally or for Dr. New-
man generally. There were certainly some unimportant
matters in the plea which had not been proved on the
part of Dr. Newman against Dr. Achilli.
Lord Campbell—There were some very importan
matters.

Mr. Bramwell—He thought, with all respect that
they were unimportant matters ; because, supposing
there were several cases of incontinence more or
less which could not be proved, what difference would
that have made to the character of Dr. Achilli,
or in the punishment to be awarded to Dr. Newman ?
But look at the hardship under which, Dr. Newman
would be placed if the rule for a new trial was re-
fused. When he came up for judgment their lordships
must look at the evidence, not merely upon the judge's
notes, but also with the light of the verdict of the jury ;
and he (Mr. Bramwell) would ask his learned friends on
the other side, not whether it was convenient for them
that there should be a new, trial, but what would be the
'topics urged upon the judgment ? Would it be said that
they had made a number of charges, and that they had
had the godd fortune to obtain twelve witnesses to sup-
port them ? No. It would be urged, on the contrary,
that the guilt of the accusers had been, not doubled or
trebled, but aggravated a thousandfold, by the alleged
subornation of this mass of perjured evidence. The ob-
jection raised against a new trial, to the effect that the
finding of the jury must in any event be adverse to Dr.
Newman, because he had not attempted to substantiate
some of the unimportant matters alleged in the plea
of justification, was a purely technical objection, and
constituted no valid reason why, if the Jury had mis-
carried on all the other material points, as he con-
tended they had, the verdict should not be sent back
to the jury for correction. The objection taken in fact
amounted to this, that the case ought not to be tried
over again, because it ought never ,to have been tried at
all ; 'but 'he maintained that if 'the points upon which
proof had been tendered ought not to go before-a jury
on a new trial, neither ought they to have been submitted
to the jury in the first instance. He had purpose 4
avoided entering into the details of the evidence, which
had been handled in a masterly manner by hislearned
friend the Attorney-General, and would no doubt be ably
handled also by his learned friend Mr. Sergeant Wilkins
to-morrow, and lie had contented himself with touching
upon a few of the more. salient points arising from a
general view of the case, and in conclusion he would
only add that, whether they regarded the technical or
the more substantial pints of the case, he trusted their
lordships would say that this was a case in which justice
had not been done, and by making the rule absolute
would pronounce their opinion that the verdict of the
jury was not satisfactory.
The case was then adjourned till ten o'clock to-day
(Saturday), when Mr. Sergeant Wilkins will follow in
support of the rule.

COURT OF EXCHEQUER.- JAN. 21.
DEBACKER V. BELLEVUE.

This was an action of debt, to recover the sum of
231. Bs. Bd. for goods sold, for money lent, and for money
paid by the plaintiff for the use of the defendant..
The defendant, as to a portion of the amount, denied
that he was indebted to the plaintiff, and likewise
pleaded a set-off ; and as to the remainder, the sum' of
71. had been paid into Court.

As all the parties interested' in the action were fo-
reigners, Mr. Gougheneim acted as interpreter.
Mr. Montagu Chambers, Q.C., and Mr. Hawkins
were counsel for the plaintiff ; Mr. James, Q.C., and
Mr. Cook for the defendant.

It appeared from the speech of the learned counsel in
opening the case that the plaintiff, who is a French
tailor, carrying on business in Regent-street, had been
introduced during the past summer to the defendant, an
exile in this country, and a dramatic author by profes-
sion, by a mutual friend, who with his wife resided at
the house of the plaintiff. They were on terms of inti-
macy with each other, it being usual for the defendant,
and the lady who lived with him as his wife, to pass the
evening in the apartments of M. and Mme. Maubert,
where the plaintiff generally was. In the month of
November last the defendant's suspicions were excited
by observing the attention paid by the plaintiff to the
lady who passed as Mme. Bellevue, and he accordingly
began to gradually discontinue his visits. In December
he came to an open rupture with the plaintiff, who very
speedily sent him an account of goods alleged to have
been supplied to the lady in question, and of moneys
which he alleged to have been advanced to the defendant.
In replying to this letter, the defendant wrote the plain-
tiff word that he had " more than one account to settle
with him," and concluded his letter by saying that,
whatever might happen, " he would preserve the honour
of his ancestors intact." The plaintiff considered
this last phrase insulting, and accordingly requested
a friend to call upon the defendant to inquire into
its meaning. A duel would appear to have then been
in the contemplation of both parties. On the 18th of
December, however, the plaintiff caused the defendant
to be arrested and held to bail on an affidavit of debt,
and that he, the defendant, contemplated leaving the
country. The defendant, not being able to procure the
necessary bail, was imprisoned in Whitecross-street,
until Christmas Eve, when, upon an affidavit of the cir-
cumstances, he was released by a judge's order. On re-
turning to his lodgings at 27, Rathbone-place, he found
that the lady called Madame Bellevue, with her two
children, had left, and upon investigation found that
-they were living under the protection of the plaintiff. ' The action was brought to recover the amount of the
debt for which the defendant had been so held to bail.
The plaintiff, on cross-examination, admitted that
since he had caused the defendant to be arrested he had
frequently slept in the apartments to which he had con-
ducted Madame Bellevue, although he denied having
had any criminal connection with her. She was then
under his protection, and occupied a drawing-room and
two bedrooms. He had slept there for the last two or
three nights, and, indeed, generally did so three or four
times a week, the lady fearing the violence of the de-
fendant. He had bought dresses and made presents,
but not to Mme. Bellevue. Upon one occasion he sent
a dress to his brother, who resided at Paris. He was
married, but his wife had lived in Paris for the last
twelve or fifteen months. He never put a " Talma " (a
species of paletot) upon the shoulders of Mme. Bellevue.
The defendant had ordered one, and when it was made
took it away with him. It was quite a new mode, and
its price was 5/. 4s. So also with respect to a hat which
he had sold to the defendant for one guinea, and to some
handkerchiefs which were also charged in the particulars
of demand. On the arrest of the defendant he alleged
that Mine. Bellevue, sent for him and consulted him
about the ill-treatment she had received from the de-
fendant.
M. Louis Antonio Pellaix was then called—l am an
artist, residing at 88, Regent-street. I know the plain-
tiff. He sent me to the defendant concerning a letter
which the defendant had written him, and which con-
tained an ambiguous expression. I asked him what in-
terpretation he meant to put on that phrase ? and he an-
swered that he meant nothing but what it clearly con-
veyed. It is the custom in Fiance according to the
"code d'honneur," that no one shall fight until he has
paid any debts he may owe his adversary. (Much
laughter.) There was mention of several articles, but I
do not recollect their precise character. The defendant
embraced me, and appeared willing to settle anything
"preparatory to killing that fellow," as he called the
plaintiff.
Mr. James addressed the jury for the defence, and
said that he though he should be able to satisfy the jury,

• by the testimony of the defendant, that the greater part
of this 231. was a fictitious demand, got up to enable the
plaintiff to arrest and imprison the defendant, that he
might the more easily accomplish his wicked and heart-
less design, which was nothing less than the seduction
of the lady, who was living with the defendant as his
wife whilst he was in prison. Madame Bellevue was, it
seemed, highly descended, and not without accomplish-
ments, and it was to remove her from the defendant, by
whom she had two children, that he concocted this claim
of 231.
The defendant was then examined, and gave the fol-
lowing evidence :—I have known the plaintiff since
June last. I was introduced to him by a find from
'Paris, named Maubert. lam a literary man, and was
a member of the Society of Dramatic Authors. I lived
with the lady for six years, and had two charming
children by her. Manbert lived in Debacker's house,
and when I visited Matibert he saw the lady there. I
recollect the 14th of November. The plaintiff brought
down a " talina" from his " magasin, and said, here
is a cloak which my workmen have spoiled by put-
ting
.the back of it in the front. He put it on the
lady. I looked surprised. The plaintiff then said that
if the lady would accept of it, he should feel very happy.
The lady said, "Oh ! no, sir." He then put the
" talma" on the back of a chair. About a week after, I
went again to the plaintiffs, who said that he had got
the cloak settled, and wished to give it to the lady. I
said to "ma femme," "It seems to please you my dear,
I will take it and pay for it when I have the money."
The plaintiff seemed satisfied. Nothing was said about
the price, It was not worth more than 30s. I recol-

lect -something about a hat. Here is the article. (The
witness, in an excited manner, handed it to the jury,
saying, "Sixpence ! sixpence only !" which caused much
merriment in court.) My own hat was crushed coming
out of tfie • cabin of one of the penny steamers. I said
to the plaintiff, " It is unpleasant that my hat. should be
in this condition. I have no money at present to buy
one." The plaintiff said he had some hats up-stairs, and
he brought down two old ones. • He gave me one, which
I wore for six weeks. I then bought a new one, and
the hatter allowed me sixpence for the one Debacker
gave me. The defendant uses pomatum, and his hat was
full of grease. Recollect the plaintiff bringing 12 pocket-
handkerchiefs to my " femzne," who embroiders like an
angel. (Laughter.) He asked her to embroider half-a-
dozen, and to put his initials on them, and only to hem
the other six. When they were finished, Debacker said
to the lady, " I will not offer you money, but I pray you
to retain the six unembroidered handkerchiefs for your
trouble." I saw no objection to that, because I thought
her labour was worth more. I received a bill from Paris
for 151. 19s. 7d. ; it was payable at three days' sight on
the Ist of November, at the banking-house of Messrs.
Monteaux and Co. I received the bill on the 12th of
October, and on the 18th I gave it to Debacker, with my
name endorsed upon it. I gave it to him to get cashed,
because he said he was going every day to the city I saw
him the day on which the bill was paid. He said h.
had not received the amount, but he offered to
advance me money on it. The bill was paid, as
I afterwards knew, on the Ist of November. He ad-
vanced me the money in small amounts on several
occasions. He paid me 31. 14s. beyond the amount of
the bill. That is all the money he advanced to me. I
never mentioned to Mr. Pelez that I owed him 121. or
131. I was arrested on the 18th of December, at 37,
Rathbone-place, about 7 o'clock in the evening, It was
on a Saturday. I was taken to prison after violence had
been used towards me at the prompting of the plaintiff,
who was by. I left prison on Christmas-eve, and found
my wife and children gone. I was not guilty of any
violence towards her. I have had " scenes de jalousie"
with her three or four times about the plaintiff. I
could not use violence towards her, for I adored her as a
saint.

Cross-examined by Mr. Chambers.—l have been a
married man. I separated from my first wife in 1846. I
lived with her in a fraternal way. I married her in
1835. I had not lived with her for a long time before I
left France. She never had any children. I met the
present young lady at the house of her relatives--it was
not with the consent of her parents that she first lived
with me. She was then 23 years of age. Eighteen
months after I was reconciled with her parents. I was
then 41 years. Her parents were very honourable
people. She lived with me since that period up to the
18th December, and she was the most admirable of wo-
men. Her father was a public functionary. It was a
perpetual honeymoon between us till I met the plaintiff.
I never threatened her with violence if she left me to
return to her parents. On the contrary, she followed
me from France when I was proscribed by Napoleon,
the tyrant of France.

To the Court—l never borrowed any money from the
)laintiff before the date of the bill for 151.
Mr: Jones, hatter, deposed that he allowed the de-
fendant 6d. for an old hat on the occasion of selling him
a new one. He did not think that the hat could have

, n worn to its present appearance in six weeks. It
might have cost a guinea originally, because he saw
it came from the house of Mr. Meton, of Regent-street.
The learned Judge, in summing up, said that the pre-
sent case was one of conflicting testimony between the
plaintiff and the defendant ; and it would be for the
jury, after weighing the case as presented by both, to
say which presented greatest probability. The first
thing that would strike them was, that the plaintiff had
the defendant arrested late on Saturday night, when he
could not probably take any steps towards his liberation,
till the following Monday. And when, after six days
pe
of imprisonment, he came to his home, he found that
his doors were sealed up, his wife and children gone and
living at a place where the plaintiff admitted that he
visited four or five times a-week. It was also very
strange that the plaintiff had not said one word about
the bill for 151. These points struck the jury perhaps
as they struck him, but as he said the evidence was con-
flicting, and it was for them to decide.
The jury at once found a verdict for the defendant.
The Judge—Then, I suppose, gentlemen, you con-
sider that the " talma" was a present.
The jury—Just so.
The Judge—For value received, I suppose. (Laughter.)

COURT OF BANKRUPTCY—JAN. 21.
IN RE MACKELLAR AND HAMPSON.
The bankrupts were shawl warehousemen, of Milk-
street. Their accounts, prepared by Mr. Maynard, ex-
tend from January 20, 1851, to September, 1852, and
contained the following items :—Dr. , Unsecured cre-
ditors, 24,9961. ; liabilities, a further amount of 28,8751.
Cr.: Good debtors, 2,4341. ; doubtful, 1,2231. ; bad,
6,8041. ; property, 3,845/. ; losses, 6,215/. ; trade ex-
penses, 2,487/. ; drawings by Mackellar, 8281. ; by
Hampson, 6441.

This was an adjourned examination meeting.
Mr. Reed appeared for the assignees ; Mr. Depree for
Mackellar ; Mr. Linklater for Hampson.
Mr. Reed said that on all hinds it was agreed that an
adjournment must necessarily be ordered. He held in
his hands a medical certificate that Mackellar had been
compelled to take up his residence in a warmer climate
for the benefit of his health, and that he was now at
Malta. The facts of the case were these :—The bank-
rupts had commenced business in February, 1851, with-
out capital. On taking stock at Christmas, 1851, they
were found to be deficienct to the extent of 2,314/. On
again taking stock in July, 1852, there was found to be
a still larger deficiency ; and what their state was at the
time of the bankruptcy in Sept., 1852, the accounts
would show. The official assignee had been forcibly
struck by the remarkable circumstance that upon the
bankrupt's sales to the amount of 13,1131., there had
been an alleged loss of 3,712. He had thereupon re-
quired that they should furnish what was known in the
trade under the name of a "piece account." The bank-
Irupts had furnished that account, but as far as the
official assignee had been at present able to test its accu-
racy, he believed that the following goods had as yet
been unaccounted for, viz.,-372 dresses, 96 shawls, 30
dozen handkerchiefs, and 0 pieces of stuffs. The official
assignee was not fully satisfied that this deficiency really
existed, but was willing to believe that the apparent de-
ficiency might have arisen from the manner in which the
bankrupts had kept their accounts. Under these cir-
cumstances an adjournment was asked.
Mr. Linklater and Mr. Depree expressed their opinion
that the bankrupts would be able hereafter fully to ex-
plain the alleged deficiency of goods, and that Mackellar
would be present at a future meeting. No desire existed
on his part to remain at Malta, or to avoid the proceed-
ings of this Court.
His Honour ordered an adjournment of the bankrupts'
examination of the 15th of March.

A TORY EXPLAINS WHY TORYISM IS STIIPID.—The
following passage appears in the last number of Black-
wood :—" It may excite some men fond
of problems to
start the inquiry, why Toryism, with all its virtues, is so
partial to dulness--never opens its friendships, feeling,
or services to the young talents which it ought to honour,
and is satisfied with establishing a sort of aristocratic
barrier against all the rising accomplishments of the
age. The Whigs have always been wiser in their
generation—have always remembered that exclusive-
ness tends to stupidity—that a circle of dowager lord's
is one of the most striking emblems of p9litical
decrepitude ; and that Holland House brought more
recruits of talent to Whiggism, than all the tempta-
tions, even of the Treasury, breught to its rival powers.
By some fatality all the wits in London have been
Whigs for the last hundred years—.all the showy writers
have dipped their wings in Whig libations • even all the
brilliancy of fashion, and the grace of manners,' have
glittered round the mansions of Whiggism ; while if a
man of talent, destitute of the " fourteen qua,rterings,"
has been suffered within the folding doors of Toryism, it
is quoted as a condescension. As to the Peel dynasty,
there was no help for enduring that accession from the
loom ; Parliamentary workmen must be had, at what-
ever price ; but even that dynasty rapidly contrived to
adopt the old Tory style, and be as solemn, exalted, and
exclusive, as if they had' all been barons dating from the
Conquest."

THE
CHOLERA IN ST. PETERSBURG.—According to
the last accounts from St. Petersburgh there were 384
cholera patients under treatment on the 4th inst. On
that day there were 42 new cases, 15 cures, and the
same number of deaths ; on the sth, 44 new cases, 30
cures, 18 deaths ; Gth, 26 new cases, 8 cures, 17 deaths ;
7th, 57 new cases, 25 cures, 18 deaths ; Bth, 74 new
cases, 19 cures, and 17 deaths, leaving, on the 9th, 545
patients under treatment.

produced these serious consequences, if the previous
condition of the market had not been such as to
render it peculiarly sensitive to any cause of de-
pression. Upon the whole the political horizon is
as calm and clear as it is likely to be in the existing
state of France and of Eur3pe. The rocognition
of the Empire by the Northern Powers has been
got over in a manner which, if it be not flattering,,
is at least safe ; and although several recent causes
have combined to render the conduct of the ruler
of France more questionable, and his stability more
precarious, there is no question of his power and
his determination to defend himself against every
form of opposition now likely to be offered to him.
The true causes of the depression of the French
funds are, in our opinion, the unsound and even
dishonest practices which have been resorted to,
with the cognisance of many members of the Go-
vernment, to give an artificial stimulus to credit,
and to create a transient and fictitious prosperity,
not based on the legitimate production and increase
of wealth. For more than six weeks the tendency
of the market in France has been to depression,
although the Government has notoriously employed
all the' means at its command to keep up prices.
The Caisse des Consignations et Depots, which .co!-
theres ponds in w
name
of
this property is, in France, under the control of
the Government), and likewise the new company of
theme respects
toAccountant-General fun cis
(except sndingtha in
t
Credit Mobilier, have been large and constant
buyers, not, as-may be well supposed for their own
financial advantage, but for the political purposes
of the Government. We must presume, from the
abrupt fall of Wednesday, that they were no longer
in a condition to meet the amount of sales. At the
same time, the excess of private speculation in va-
rious crude schemes has been unexampled, and the
avowed object of the increased facilities of credit
granted by the Bank of France and the joint-stock
banks, under the sanction of the Government, was
to encourage a spirit of adventure to the utmost.
An immense number of lines of railroad have been
conceded and commenced ; public works of every
kind are begun, with apparent indifference to the
means of paying for them, although many of these
undertakings had, from their magnitude and mag-
nificence, been postponed by former Governments.
The Napoleon Docks at Paris—Algerian mining
companies—a proposal for imitating the commer-
cial grandeur of the East India Company in Nor-
thern Africa—a Crystal Palace in the Champs
Elysees, and fifty other hasty schemes, have been
negotiated on the Bourse in the last two or three
months, not for their intrinsic worth, but for the
profit or loss which the shares might be made to
bear. Many of these jobbing companies have been
brought out under the cover of the greatest names
in the present official and governing society in
France. Thus, the Duke de Bassano, Grand
Chamberlain to his Imperial Majesty Napoleon
111., figures in that part of the Stock Exchange at
Paris which is not the post of honour, as chairman
of an insolvent company of mines at Bona, in
Algeria ; and it has been already intimated that,
by the rules of the Bourse, Marshal St. Arnaud
has been brought into a similar position. With
these egregious examples before our eyes, we may
readily imagine what the effects of a commercial
crisis in a general depression of marketable stock
Must be on that humbler class of persons who do
not derive their information from the Cabinet, or
their resources from the State. We fear, too, that
it will turn out that some of the mercantile houses
in Paris which ought to have known better, have
been allured beyond the limits of prudence, partly by
the hope of gain, but far more by the dread of offend-
ing the existing Government. Throughout the poli-
tical vicissitudes of the last few years we have been
forcibly struck by the singular want of independent
conduct and of foresight in the commercial classes
abroad. They have passed abruptly from exagge-
rated apprehensions to unwarrantable confidence,
and even in presence of innumerable warnings they
have scarcely had courage to act upon the distrust
they could not but feel. Their operations have
been quite as often the result of political fear as of
commercial judgment and though many of them
affected to feel a degree of confidence in the present
.Government of France, to which it has no real
Claims, they will probably be the first to suffer
from the discreditable expedients to which it has
had recourse.

It is characteristic of the present financial condi-
tion in that country that, although the accounts of
the past year have closed, like those of every pre-
ceding one, by a large deficit, the estimates of the
expenditure for the current year are augmented by
upwards of two millions sterling. There is an in-
crease on almost every branch of expenditure, espe-
cially on the salaries and pensions of every class
of public officers, including the whole Senate
and Legislative Body, which are liberally paid for
their functions ; while the revenue of the Emperor
and his family alone is an additional charge of
1,200,0001. But we have . strong reasons for
doubting whether this statement of the public ex-
penditure is a faithful one ; and as the Legislative
Body has now lost even the power of discussing the
articles of the budget, it is impossible to verify the
facts. At any rate, the acknowledged deficiency
is a constant addition to the unfunded debt ; and
though we no longer place implicit reliance on the
official figures of the French Treasury, it is certain
that this amount of floating debt must weigh very
heavily on the money market at a time of general
financial embarrassment.

Under these circumstances, and especially with
reference to the commercial condition of the Con-
tinent, we entertain no doubt that the Bank of
England has exercised a wise discretion in raising
its rate of discount to 3 per cent. The state of
credit and of affairs in this country is sound and
active, but it is of the utmost importance that we
should be protected as far as possible against the
possibility of a drain from abroad, especially on
securities which may prove imperfect. The rate of
exchange on England had remained, both in
France and Belgium, as low as 25f. 05c. for the
pound sterling ; and although the accumulation of
cash and bullion in the Banks of England and of
France has been for several months unusually
large, it is certain that in the last two months the
diminution of these stocks had become very rapid.
As far as we can form an opinion in this country
of the future course of affairs in Paris, it is pro-
bable that the causes which are already putting to
the test the financial pretensions of the Empire
will continue to be felt. Their consequences may
be aggravated by the efforts of those who are al-
ready entangled in the fall of prices • and the facts
which it is our duty to record on this subject are
precisely identical with the customary results of
fallacious experiments. and incorrect principles of
public economy.—Times.

WHAT'S IN A NAME.—The Christian name of Napoleon
is very common amongst the lower classes, especially in
the neighbourhood of Paris. Inconvenience is very often
caused by its being so frequent, and the Tribunal of Cor-
rectional Police was called on to try a case of robbery
arising therefrom. On the Quai d'lvry are several
persons, whose Christian names are Napoleon, and
strange to say, they are ordinarily called by them. In
November last, a letter arrived by the Post-office, ad-
dressed "Monsieur Napoleon, Quai de la Gare d'lvrY,"
and the postman delivered it at the residence of a car-
penter, named Napoleon Augeron. On opening it, it
was found to contain an intimation that a parcel with
money had been forwarded by the Strasburg railway.
Although Augeron expected no remittance, and knew
nothing of the writer of the letter, he found it convenient
to assume that he was the Napoleon for whom the money
was destined. He sent his son, who is also named Napoleon,
to the railway station, and he claimed and obtained the
parcel. He found it to contain 315 fr.; he quietly pocketed
the odd 15fr., and gave the 300 fr. to his father, saying
that was all he had received. After awhile the father
was disagreeably surprised at being called on by a neigh-
bour named Fort, another Napoleon, to produce the
money which he had appropriated. "But" said Augeron,
" the money was destined for M. Napoleon, of thel!,./ort,
de la Gare, and lam Napoleon !" " No,"
As, however, Napoleon Augeron could not
"It is I who am the Napoleon to whom it wsoaadsi_duseeentthr:
against him, and he and his son were proceeded
.I\gap
money, having spent it, Napoleon Fort laid
T oleons
robbery. Called on for their defence, the _
e_.3v.ng
that
could not give any reasonable cause for b
and
to them ; conse-
quently money had been forwarded.
The tribunal accord--
d d against for
quently the theft was manifeN.st
enant.d the
s
to th t th
Napoleon Fort, he announced a eStrasburg
youngeriri gl);
theto t
herledec;rl months'a po, e
nn
ptroi
osnixm,
extraordinary
hmaodv;clEeiclg.oidThhi: loss.
emi-
gration movement from this district (the villages ibe-
tween Sutton and Spalding), assumes a feature of more
RailwayT nEEC:PanrNnTy
than local import. The useful population in many of the
villages is rapidly declining ; even during the present
week numbers have gone from their homes, and hun-
dreds more are preparing to depart in the spring. In
the village of Whaplode 47 houses are unoccupied, and
in other places a like proportion of untenanted cottages
may be observed. The number of wives deserted by
their husbands in this district may now be reckoned by
hundreds !