The Sun.
London, England, 1853-11-30 00:00:00

..•••••1
I POLISH ANNIVERSdRY MEETING'.

_;s ,

IThe anniversary meeting in commemoration of the
Polish Rovolution of 1830 was held last night in the
Hanover-square Rooms. Mr.Worcell, a Pole, presided.. It had been announced that the meeting, which was
called by the Polish Central Democratic Committee,
would be held with the assistance of the English, French,
Italian, German, Hungarian, Russian, and other patriots.
The principal room was filled by an audience consisting
of foreigners, who appeared to be mainly of the middle
classes, and among whom were a good many ladies.
The Secretary (Mr. Linton) read the address of the
Polish Democratic Committee, from which it appeared
that the motive of their present proceedings was the new
era which the passage of the Danube by the Turks ap-
peared to be opening for the oppressed and downtrodden
peoples of Europe. When the people of Poland were
established in the full possession of their political and
national rights, then would this anniversary become a
grand national festival. It was for the eldest and most
aggrieved of victims to call to her sister nations, " The
hour of deliverance strikes." There was a manifestation
of life in the shadow of death, and side by side with the
Poles were men who had fought at the Hotel de Ville,
and men who at Vienna, Dresden, and Carlsruhe had
made kings doff their hats to the people's royal will.
There were sons of free democratic Russia who had en-
tered into alliance with democratic Poland ; and united
also in this fraternal gathering of nations were Englishmen
who believed in international duties as well as in national
I rights. The season for mere words was past. Poland
began by laying down her pledge in the revolution of
1790 and the events which had followed. Poland was
ready to complete the work which 23 years ago she
boldly commenced. Now that war was begun let them
beware of an untimely peace,—let them beware of the
wounded wolf, which if not killed would kill them ; and
the expectation was expressed that when Poland rose
again she would have but to congratulate Europe on the
final conquest for liberty for all.
The address was read in Polish and in French by Mr.
L. Zienkowics and Dr. P. Darosz.
M. A. HEuzeN addressed the meeting in French, de-
nouncing the Emperor of Russia as the oppressor of
Poland, the aggressor of Turkey, and a man without
any great capacity or talent. He alluded amid cheers
to the cause of the Republique deniocratique et sociale,
and concluded his address-by expressing a desire to see
Poland independent and Russia froo.
Mr. LINTON asked why an Englishman stood among
refugees to speak for European freedom ? Because,
while there were men in England who held the faith of
Milton and of Cromwell, England would not be divorced
from Europe. If England would speak that one word
" war" earnestly, the hopes of freedom would be sure—
war against the Czar, against despotism, against wrong.
If they were to take Richard Cobden's word they
would abandon their duty. With a Court which
was publicly kin and kind to every rascal Royalty
in Europe—(applause)—with such vice-royalties as
Aberdeen, Palmerston, and Russel, petty intriguers,
who had not the manliness to be anything except
the tools of Austria and the Czar, it would seem con-
sistent that the whole land should be cowardly to
the core. It was peacemongering shabbiness of one kind
or other that had made England seem nothing but a nest
of sorry vermin. This was not a nation of dastards.
There was an honest heart under the worst coat of Eng-
lish working men. He challenged contradiction to the
statement that their voice was unanimous for war—for
war against the Czar and for European freedom. Every
patriot soul in England, he believed, was anxious for that
war. If our rulers durst ask the nation's will, the word
" war" would be so thundered back that the reverbera-
tion would shake them from their seats. (Cheers.) He
should be sorry to blush too much for his country before
the leaders of insurrectionary Europe, but he would have
our rulers believe that England was beginning to think
of what her duty was, to see that interest was but the
follower of duty, to see the tricks that had been played
in her name, dishonouring her through Europe—to see
that those Vienna treaties were conspiracies against Eng-
land too. The mangled limbs of Poland would yet be
brought together. " War"— he knew as well as Cobden
or Aberdeen what that meant. He knew that it meant
war against Austria and Prussia too, insurrection in Po-
land, Italy, and Hungary, convulsion in Europe, shatter-
ing the Czar and the Pope, and the imperial tyrants of
every name—the enfranchisement of all peoples. It
meant a Polish nation and a Russian nation ; it meant
that Germany should be rid of her hydra•headed mo-
narchy, that Mazzini should be again at Rome, that France
should be gloriously avenged for her present ignominy,
that England should be worthy of what. England was. It
meant certain means of carrying out that war ; it meant
that there must be a fleet, not only in the Black Sea,
but in the Baltic ; it might mean the bombardment of
St. Petersburg, and every honest means of carrying the
war to the only honest issue for the overthrow of Euro-
pean despotism. It was because he so understood the
term that, in the name of English democracy, he dared
to add his voice—war to the Czar—life and freedom to
Poland, Hungary, Italy, France, Germany, and England
—for even we had not all the freedom we could desire.
Would he were trumpet-tongued, that he might raise
through the land the cry " God speed the European
Republic." This anniversary meeting was held in Lon-
don; he should say "May the next be held in Warsaw."
Mr. RuGE then addressed the meeting in German,
Dr. P. DAROSZ in French, and Dr. RONEY (a Hungarian)
in English and in Latin.
The Secretary then read a letter from M. Mazzini,
stating that nothing but illness could have prevented
him from being present ; but he was hoarse, neuralgic,
feverish, coughing, unable to take the least part in the
proceedings. Ire expressed his confidence that one of
these days they would conquer together. He urged
them not to narrow the question to the proportions of
an interest. If they spoke of duty they were sure to
have their appeal responded to ; there was still in the
hearts of every English statesman a spark of that fire
which burnt in the hearts of Milton and Cromwell. He
recommended that they should be told their actual duty
was war ; and let the war be the war of England, not of
Lord Clarendon and Lord Aberdeen.
A foreign gentleman was here introduced to the meet-
ing as a friend of M. Mazzini, and delivered an address
in French. He said, notwithstanding all they witnessed
they must be satisfied that Poland was dead, for diplo-
macy had assured them of that fact. (Cheers and
laughter.) It was once said in memorable words that
" Order reigns at Warsaw ;" but the order that now
' reigns there was the order of reaction, which was, in fact,
disorder—it was the order of the scaffold and of exile.
Force took the place of right, and vengeance of justice.
(Cheers.) A short time back there were great revolu-
tions and great successes. Italy, Hungary, Austria
fried to break their chains, after France had proclaimed
the great word—" Republic." But afterwards they had
seen their countrymen in chains, and sent to exile.
What was the reason ? Was it that their cause was not
just ? No ;it would be blasphemy to say that. The
reason was that men, who had merited all gratitude
from the democracy for the sacrifices they had made,
and the good they intended, had nevertheless committed
great faults. Revolution, unless its necessary conse-
quences were freely accepted and acted up to, only pre-
pared the way to despotism. Revolution should combat
the privileges of authority as well as the privileges of
capital. They might call that Socialism, but it was
good. (Cheers.) He trusted that they would all profit
by experience, and that in future there would be a real
solidarity among the people -of different nations, for the
purpose of punishing their oppressors. Revolution was
called disorder. It might be so, but the only way to
finish with disorder was to make revolution. (Cheers.)
Therefore it was that he wished for revolution, though

its permanent•;;:ss involved the sad necessity of the
guillotine. (Great cheering.)
Mr. J. WATSON stated that he represented the work-
ing classes, and that he stood there as an old Chartist
prisoner for conspiracy against our Sovereign Lady the
Queen. In every large town of England he knew the
working men, to whose sympathy with Poland he bore
his testintony.
M. LSD
ROLLIN then presented himself, and was
received with general applause. When the cheering had
subsided, ho addressed the assembly in a rapidand
animated manner, using the French language. He
began by observing that for the last two years it seemed
that the course of events in the world had been governed
by a sort of fatality, and that all human combinations
had been thwarted by some mysterious hand. A short
• time back there was the grand spectacle of all the
nations of Europe struggling to be free ; but now, in
• Poland, Hungary, Italy, and everywhere else on the
continent, there was nothing but the silence of death.
However, a question had been unexpectedly raised in
the heart of Europe by a man—the Czar—who styled
himself the Son of God, in the same manner as in an-
cient times Heliogabalus and Alexander the Great pre-
tended to Divine origin ' • yet history retained the recol-
lection that the father and the brother of this Nicholas
both died mad. What was required to restore
to man his strength and dignity ? Neither diplomacy
nor Congresses could do that, but only freedom.
War was imminent, because Nicholas was compelled
a of
therefore
to regain the prestige he had lost by the recent
r;defeats of his army. War was also necesarrsynchdr
ete:
las Napoleon,es .
That for
was
was exhaustedwaa n
d u b money,e, there
pretext was wanted to place taxation on the i
would be, not Congresses, but war ; and on the first can-
s
non fired
telling
h
seriously onis
dear theer
brother Napoleon
wo being
deinntger Italy, of Austria
that it was not his intention to take
only to hold it while Austria dealt with Hungary.
Italy from him, but
(Laughter.) What would be th
The troops of the Sultan would e consequences of war
not, and he (M. Ledru Rollin) hoped they would be vie-
gary and Poland would
that took place
F become free, and the moment
• •
France would rise as one man in de.
fence of right and
justice. Supposing, however, the
Turks conquered, and Nicholas victorious, then Napo-
leon would propose to him to maintain the despotic
principle in Europe, and the continental blockade would
be the result for isolated England. What would the
classes of England then do ? They would take to de-
mocracy ; so that whether the Turks were victorious or
Conquered liberty to the world must be the result. (Great
cheers.)
After a few words from M. E. Smanzwzcs, a Pole,
thanking the auditors for their presence and sympathy,
the proceedings, which had been conducted with the
greatest unanimity throughout, concluded.

ARTIFICIAL PRODUCTION OF FIKII.-At the 46 fish.
manufactory," as it is called at Hunninguen— the estab.
lishment for producing fish on the artificial system__
there are now 200,000 eggs of the Rhine salmon, and of
the large trout of the Swiss lakes, duly fecundated ; and
there are 100,000 of the same description of eggs also
fecundated, at the College de France in Peres. These
eggs are destined for distribution amongst the depart.
ments in which money has been voted for the applica-
tion of the artificial system.—Galignani.