The Sun.
London, England, 1853-09-15 00:00:00

DEEP OCEAN SOUNDING.

As this subject now engrosses the attention of many
scientific men of the present age, it may not be uninte-
resting to know the results of a discovery which has
been introduced by our neighbours on the other side of
the Atlantic, for the purpose of testing the existence of
a foundation to the ocean, and also to know of what it
is composed. There has, for several days past, been
lying in the Southampton Waters an American Govern-
ment surveying brig, named the Dolphin. This brig—
which is empowered, under an Act of Congress, in con-
nection with the scientific researches of Lieut. Maury, of
the National Observatory at Washington, for the purpose
of entering into a series of meteorological observations
and discoveries—left Chesapeake Bay on the 31st May,
and has completed a perfect line of soundings across the
Atlantic to Rockule, off the west coast of Scotland.
The distances between each place of sounding averaged
about 100 miles. A line was then run to the Azores, to
the north of which, about a parallel of 45 in a south-west
direction, an elevation was discovered on the bottom of the
ocean of about 6,000 feet, the soil indicating a fine yellow
chalky substance mixed with a small portion of the finest
sand. After leaving the Azores, the Dolphin took a
westerly direction, still succeeded in discovering bottom.
Steering north, she made a direct line to the "three
chimnies," where, at a depth of 1,900 fathoms, bottom
was also discovered. At this point Lieut. Berryman,
in charge of the ship, finding the position of the weather
unfavourable to a continuation of their research, made
sail, and came into Southampton. The greatest depth
at which bottom was reached was 3,130 fathoms, in lat.
from 41 to 43, long. 51 to 56. The explorers have brought
home with them specimens of the soil which has been
discovered at their various places of sounding, and
which will be laid before a committee of scientific men
at Washington, for the purpose of analysation. The
temperature of the water was also tested at various
depths, specimens of which have also been preserved.
During the whole of the observations, particular atten-
tion was paid to the width, depth, and force of the
currents in different parts of the ocean, all of which
have been carefully noted, for the purpose of being
fully discussed and explained. The Dolphin intends
returning at the latter end of the week, and should
the weather permit, will take a line of soundings to
the eastern edge of the Azores, that being a por-
tion of the Atlantic which has at present remained
unexamined. Of course, a further explanation of the
results of this expedition will not at present be given, as
the whole of the matter collected is being carefully pre-
served for the uses and explanation of the gentlemen at
Washington. There is one interesting matter in connec-
tion with this subject, and the non-existence of which
has been the great drawback to all previous results be-
ing satisfactory, and which is, the very simple method
by which the sounding apparatus is rendered entirely
perfect and useful. In all previous attempts the great
puzzle has been how to get back the weight when it has
once reached the bottom, and it is a well known fact,
especially amongst seamen, that in deep-sea sounding,
however carefully or strongly a line may be made, it
has never, after being once sunk, been recovered. In
this respect, however, Brother Jonathan deserves much
praise, for he has invented a plan by which the weight
upon its
reaching the bottom, becomes immediately
detached, and the line, therefore, drawn in with per-
fect ease. The plan is this :—A hole is drilled through
a 641 b. or heavier shot, sufficiently large to admit a
rod fof about three-quarters of an inch in diameter.
ThiFi rod is about 12 or 14 inches in length, and with
th e exception
the of
topof the rod a
about ll inch atre the
twom
ar bottom, e
xp
teernfedci
gy
solid. At
one from each side. These arms being upon easily-
acting hinges, are capable of being raised or lowered
with very little power. A small branch extends from
the outside of each of them, which is for the purpose of
holding by means of rings a piece of wire by which the
ball is swung to the rod. A piece of rope is then at-
tached to each end of the arms, to which again is joined
the sounding line. The ball is then lowered into the
water, and upon reaching the bottom the strain upon
tcho em lei niteno
be filledceeoanst.
aeset,awnwitdihththe arms fall down, allowing the
baaanrledlotwfohgdirecehtaatncho itself entirely from the rod, which is then
easily drawn in, the drilled portion of which is disco-
veredu
solifi in connection at
atspecimenh e
b withotto the invention mo.
f that
There
ar
which,e which
ht hashicehr
advantages
tthifiecrereisseoarrchesdootfuybuitinewis not a bot theworld,
so carrying on of the discoveries,
tne to the sea will no longer re
main a difficulty to anr. tmatt etrhiealslyu
baj sescifs to
fthwehsectihene r-
that
-

SPURTING INTELLIGENCE.

DONCASTER.-WEDNESDAY.

At a hasty guess we stated that the attendance of
company on the first day was equal to an average. The
receipts at the Grand Stand proved that we fell short in
our calculation. Upwards of 2,000/. were taken, an
amount which showed an increase of fully 200/. An-
other, and perhaps stronger, proof was afforded by the
railwaq returns of passenger traffic during the day.
At an early hour this morning all apprehensions of
unfavourable weather were dispelled by a bright sky
and a dear atmosphere, and as the day wore on the sun
shone forth with an exhilarating influence.
Thousands of holiday-folk, bent on seeing " t'Leger
run," arrived by train after train, with marvellous safety
and dis?atch, until the human flood that poured into the
town from all quarters was swelled to an immense
extent. By two o'clock the principal points of view on
the course were densely occupied—stands and inclosure
were crowded—the magnates and professionals of the
turf gathered together in large numbers, and the race of
the day was looked forward to with a degree of anxiety
and excitement seldom if ever surpassed. When the
bell rang for saddling, so intense was the feeling that was
excited that "the boldest held his breath for a time."
Everything connected with the work of preparation for
the race was eagerly watched, and when the horses were
called to the post, the coup-d'wil was grand and imposing
in the extreme.

It will be seen by the subjoined details that the result
of the race justified the confidence which, through evil
report and good report, was placed in West Australian.
By the triple triumph of winning the Two Thousand,
Derby, and St. Leger, he has achieved a reputation
which may challenge comparison with that of the most
distinguished of turf celebrities.
MATCH, 100. Half a mile.
Lord Clifden's Cheddar, by Cotherstone 3 yrs, Bst
21b (F. Butler) 1
Lord Glasgow's Senorita, by Hetman Platoff, 4
yrs, Bst 21b (Flatman) 2
Betting-4 to lon Cheddar, who made all the run-
ning, and won easily by a length.
MUNICIPAL STAKES of 200 sovs. each, h ft, for 2-yr-olds;
colts Bst 71b, fillies Bst 41b ; the second to save his
stake. Red House inn. (7 subs.)
Lord Derby's Boiardo, by Orlando (F. Butler) 1
Lord Glasgow's ch cby Pantaloon out of Physalis

(Flatman) 2
Lord Eglinton's Julian (Marlow) 3
Betting-4 to lon Boiardo. Physalis colt led to the
Stand, where Boiardo, who had been lying second,
went ahead and won very easily by two lengths. Julian
showed temper at the post, and was a bad third.
ST. LEGER STAKES of 25 sovs. each, for 3-yr-olds ; colts,
Bst 71b; fillies, Bst 21b. The owner of the second
horse to receive 100 sovs. out of the stakes. St.
Leger Course. (92 subs.)
Mr. Bowes' West Australian by Melbourne

(F. Butler) 1
Lord John Scott's The Reiver by Pantaloon

(Marlow) 2
Mr. Thelluson's Rataplan by the Baron (Wells) 3
Mr. W. I'Anson's Balrownie by Annandale

(Templeman) 4
The following also ran :—Mr. Sykes (h b), Cobnut,
Sittingbourne, Feversham, Cat's-paw, Cineas, Guicowar
was struck out to-day at 11 a.m., Honeywood and Lord
Fauconberg at 1 p.m.
Betting at starting :-6 to 4 agst West Australian, 5
to 2 agst Sittingbourne, 8 to 1 each agst the Reiver and
Rataplan, 10 to 1 agst Cineas, 50 to 1 agst Balrownie.
After the customary canter and parade they drew
together at the post, and at the very first signal a beau-
tiful start was effected. Feversham, followed by Sit-
tingbourne, The Reiver, Cobnut, and Rataplan, in the
order named, made the running to the old road, where
Sittingbourne went in front, and galloped on with the
lead at a telling pace. Passing the mile post, Rataplan
drew into the third place, and West Australian began
gradually to improve his position. Coming round the
bend, Sittingbourne, was caught and passed by The
Reiver, whose friends now began to count their gains.
At the distance, however, he found West Australian at
his quarters, a position which was held until they were
opposite the stand, when West Australian went in ad-
vance, and, amidst the cheers and roars of the vast mul-
titudes, " Frank," with hands down, landed him an easy
winner by three lengths ; four lengths between the
second and third ; Balrownie a bad fourth, accompanied
by Mr. Sykes and Cineas, behind whom, at long inter-
vals, came Sittingbourne, Cobnut, and Catspaw. Fever-
sham pulled up a long way from home, and through the
seried crowds that rushed into the course immediately
after the race, he slowly threaded his way back to the
saddling inclosure.

DONCASTER PLATE (Handicap) of 10 sous each, h ft, with
70 added, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. The owner of

the second horse to save his stake. Red house in.

(14 subs.)
Lord Chesterfield's Jacqueline, Est 71b (Ashmall) 1
Mr. Bell's Alfred the Great, 4 yrs, 7st 61b (Basham)
The following also ran :—Red Lion, Sir Robert, The
Queen, Guicowar, Tobolski, Homebrewed, Maria Bell,
and Georgy.
Betting-5 to 2 agst Jacqueline, 4to 1 agst Sir
Robert, 4 to 1 agst Maria Bell, 4 to 1 agst Homebrewed.
A capital race. Won by a short head. Homebrewed
was third, Guicowar fourth.

HER MAJESTY'S PLATE of 100 guineas ; 3-yr-olds, 7st ;
four, Bst 51b ; five, Bst 121 b ; six and aged, 9st 21b.
Cup Course.
Mr. Barber's Goorkah, 3 yrs (Clement) 1
Lord Exeter's Ilex, 4 yrs (Norman) 2
Five ran.
CORPORATION PLATE of 100 soya., in specie, added to
a Handicap Stakes of 10 sovs each, 5 ft, for all ages.
Winners extra. The owner of the second horse to
receive 12 sovs. out of the stakes. T.Y.C. (50 subs.)
General
Mistletoe

Eight ran.
SWEEPSTAKES of 10 sous. each, h ft, with 50 added, for
2-yr-olds, 7st ; and three, 9st ; fillies and geldings
allowed 31b ; the second to save his stake. Red House
in. (9 subs.)
Eva
Barrel

Six ran.
DERBY BETTING.
The following were laid on Tuesday night :-
Bto 1 agst Autocrat (taken).
30 to 1 agst Brother to Mountain Deer (taken).
40 to 1 agst Woodcote (2,500 to 50 laid once).
4,000 to 60 agst Early Bird (taken).
LATEST BETTING,
CESAREWITCH STAKES.
14 to 1 agst King Pepin.
ORDER OF RUNNING THIS DAY.
2.30 Scarborough Stakes.
3. 0 Two-Yr-Old Stakes.
3.30 Cleveland Handicap.
4. 0 Two•Yr-Old Handicap.
4.30 Eglinton Stakes.
5. 0 Juvenile Selling Stakes.
RACING FIXTURES FOR 1853.

The figures within parenthesis denote the number of

Clay's racing.
SEPTEMBER.

Pontefract (2) l9
Beciford (2) ........ 2O
Leicester (2) 21
Lanark (2) 22
Manchester Autumn (2) 22

Canterbury (2) 22
Newmarket F. 0. (3) 27
Walsall (2) 28
Northallerton (2) 29

OCTI
Chester Autumn (2) 4
Monmouth
Yorkshi reUnionHunt (1) 6
Wrexham (2)
Newmarket S. 0. (5) lO

NOVE
Worcester (2)
Epsom Autumn (2) 3
Cowbridge Hunt (2) 9
Liverpool Autumn (2) 9

STATE OF TRADE.

(Front the Manchester Guardian of yesterday.)

MANCHESTER, Sept. 13.—The more threatening as-
pect of the Eastern question has had an unfavourable
effect upon our market to-day. Still more have we felt
the increasing stringency to which money matters are
subjected. It is not so much that the London discount
houses are requiring higher rates for what they may be
disposed to do, but they are imposing further limits upon
the extent to which they will go in affording accommo-
dation on bills of exchange ; so that it has become ex-
tremely difficult to turn long-dated paper to account.
This, of course, adds to the previously existing restric-
tion upon operations for distant markets, founded on such
draughts ; while a diminished liberality in the ordi-
nary banking facilities everywhere curtails the amount
of ordinary business. All classes of buyers have con-
sequently exhibited a marked increase of caution to-day;
so much so that sellers have not received so few offers
on a Tuesday for a considerable time back. Neces-
sarily, therefore, the bent of prices is more unfavour-
able for producers than it was last week; there has
however, been too little of a test to afford any proper
criterion of the state of the case, and undoubtedly an
increasing irregularity is now showing itself as a result
of the expiration, or approaching expiration, of contracts
in many quarters. Yet there remains a sufficient extent
of engagements amongst spinners and manufacturers to
prevent any pressure to effect sales.
ROCHDALE, Sept. 12.—We have had a good demand
for goods at improving prices, more especially for ker-
seys, and lo w priced pieces. The wool market is steady,
and prices very firm.
HUDDERSFIELD, Sept. 13. - Again we have had a
good market, all kinds of seasonable goods are in great
request, and chiefly those of good qualities. Some heavy
parcels of winter goods, pattern orders, have been deli-
vered direct by the makers to-day. With the con-
tinued and uninterrupted briskness, our market days
are merely repetitions of each other. There is
general activity, much the same class of goods being in
request ; the only difference being that an advance may
be required from time to time by the manufacturer.
HALIFAX, Sept. B.—ln every department of the wor-
sted trade, from the raw material upwards, there is the
same sluggishness of demand which has prevailed for
some time past, and we cannot this week report any
alteration either for the better or the worse.

BIRMINGHAM Sept. 12.—We have to report a steady
continuance of activity in every department of this
trade, with still stiffening prices. It is now allowed
on all hands that the reduction of 20s. per ton on manu-
factured iron, declared at the last preliminary meeting,
was unnecessary, and a pretty general expectation pre-
vails that the close of the present month will witness its
reversal, putting the price again to 101. for bars. Orders for
next quarter have already been taken at 20s. per ton
advance, and in some instances refused, 30s. being re-
quired. A wholesome check to speculation has been
given by the late advance in the rate of discount ; but
neither this, nor the unpropitious character of the har-
vest, seem to offer any serious cause of anxiety.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.

NOTICE TO MARINERS.

FIXED LIGHT ON SISARGAS ISLAND, WEST
COAST OF SPAIN.

Hydrographic Office, Ang. 9, 1853.
On the 18th of last May a notice was received from the
Spanish Government, and was immediately republished by
this Office, that a fixed red light, varied by flashes, had
been placed on Sisargas Island, in lat. 43 deg. 21m. 50s. N.,
and 8 deg. 55min. 9sec. W. of Greenwich, at the height of
363 feet above the sea. But by another dispatch received
this day, it appears that the light ought to have been de-
scribed as bright, with red flashes, which occur every four
minutes.

ALHUCENIAS LIGHT, COAST OF BARBARY.
It also appears from a note in this latter dispatch, that
a fixed light is to be exhibited during the present month
on the " Torre-vigia," in Alhucernas Bay, on the Coast of
Barbary ; but no other particulars have been communi-
cated to this Office.

Aihucomas Bay, in the Spanish chart is in 35 deg. 15min.
N., and 3 deg. 48min. W. of Greenwich.

C USTOM-HOUSE-SEPT. 14.

ENTERED INWARDS. - The Richard and Clara, from
Dram ; Sophia Walker, New Orleans ; Louise Hillmann,
Riga ; Sjofna, Quebec ; Cambrian, Jamaica ; Smuggler,
Oran ; May Queen, Quebec ; Joven Armundo, Oporto ;
Acne Catherine, Norden ; Jamaica, Antigua ; Grand Sir
Joseph, Marans ; Active, Leer ; Endeavour, Rotterdam ;
Monarch, Punta Arenas ; Ferdinande, Charente ; Two
Brothers, Caen ; Edouard, Rotterdam ; Benjamin Buck
Greene, Mauritius ; Nicholas, Demerara ; William Wat-
son, Shanghai ; Levant, Constantinople, Malta, and Gib-
raltar.

ENTERED OUTWARDS FOR LOADING.—The Fox, for Ho-
bart Town ; Hong Kong, Port Philip and Sydney ; Nau-
tilus, Fecamp ; Reaper, Treport and Dunkirk ; Bencleugh,
Mauritius ; Copernicus, Memel ; George Anson, Malta and
Alexandria ; Minora, Rugenwalde ; Twee Zusters, Konigs-
berg ; Flower of Yarrow, Valencia ; Cambrian, Jamaica ;
St. Louis, New York ; Planter, Tobago.
CLEARED OUTWARDS WITH CARGO.—The Queen of
Britain, for Grenada; Hermanus Husselaar, Elsinore and
St. Petersburg ; Adelaide, Madra3 ; Eleanor, Dunkirk ;
Eliza Hart, Hobart Town ; Phoenix, Geelong ; Effort,
Leghorn ; Charlotte Reed, New York ; Peter Sinn, Cape
of Good Hope ; Active, Konigsburg ; Elizabeth Reed,
Dunkirk.