The Sun.
London, England, 1853-10-06 00:00:00

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

The French Government received on Tuesday
night fromViennalateleo•raph dispatch*c on firmingthe
intelligence with respect' to the resolution adopted
by the Divan to refuse all further concession, and
to declare war against Russia rather than yield.
The liebats states that at a second meeting of the
Divan, held on the 26th, it was decided that the
negotiations were exhausted, that preparations for
hostilities were regulated, and a solemn proclama-
tion of war decreed.
The Oesterreichische Corr espondenz announces
the arrival of the Constantinople mail of the 27th
at Trieste.
The advices were that an immediate declaration
of war was not improbable, although expectations
were indulged in that mutual concessions might
still be made.
There were six English, one Sardinian, one Nea-
politan, ono Austrian, one Prussian, and four
French war steamers lying in the Bosphorus.
It is said on good authority that the French Go-
vernment decided, at the Council of Ministers held
at St. Cloud, on Tuesday, that a corps d'arniee of
30,000 men shall be embarked on board the
Atlantic squadron, and sent out to Constantin-
ople, there to be landed. General Canrobert
will, it is understood, have the command of
this body. :in is said also; that troops from
England are to be embarked in Admiral Corry's
squadron, and that their destination is likewise to
be Constantinople. Strict orders have been given
to suspend all leave of absence or furloughs through-
out the French army, at least for some time to
come. On Tuesday the Emperor of the French,
in a conversation with M. Firmin Rogier, the Bel-
gian representative at Paris, on the affairs of the
East, terminated his remarks by saying —" Be
certain, my dear Minister, that the matter, once
entered on, will not be long."
It is worthy of remark that a counter-order was
dispatched by electric telegraph to General de
Guyon, of the French service, forbidding him to
proceed to Warsaw, whither the Emperor of Russia
had invited him to witness the manoeuvres of the
Russian troops.
Several English officers of rank had been ob-
served in the neighbourhood of the Turkish camps,
apparently occupied in reconnoitering the force of
the Turkish troops, and the state of the army in
Roumelia and Bulgaria.
Omer Pasha had established a cordon round his
troops along the right bank of the Danube, to keep
off the cholera, which had this good effect further,
that it enabled him to prevent the influx of re-
fugees, runagates, and vagabonds into his camp.
The Assemblee Nationale of yesterday publishes
a second article in reply to the fierce attacks made
upon it by the other Paris journals, for stating that
the Eastern question at present looks somewhat
more pacific. It says :
" We shall not return on what we have already said

o the Patrie, as we should fall into a polemic which
would have no interest for the public. In spite of the
more or less alarming news which circulate, and not-
withstanding the incidents which take place, we believe
in the maintenance of peace, and we think that the con-
ciliatory views of the great Powers of Europe will lead
to a solution favourable to all interests, and satisfactory
for all the amours propres engaged in this conflict. Even
should we be mistaken, and our hopes not be realised,
where would be our crime ? What ! when we seek to
tranquillise the public mind by endeavouring to make
our readers partake of our confidence in the maintenance
of peace, we are called bad citizens ! In clearly showing
that we wish for peace, in demonstrating that it is both
possible and probable, we favour a cause inimical to
France ! Really, we cannot understand the sense of the
attacks which certain journals direct against us. If
they entertain other wishes than ours, we do not
dispute their liberty to express them. For our parts,
we shall be to the end the partisans of a pacific solution,
because, in the situation in which Europe is placed, war
appears to us the most frightful of all the calamities that
could fall on our country. We cannot close our eyes to
the light, and we see clearly that revolutionary passions
only wait for a signal to resume their work of destruc-
tion, and their enterprises of 1848. It is because such
is our constant and lively conviction, that for 7 months
past, through all the incidents and all the difficulties
which have arisen, that we maintain that war is impos-
sible. In retaining this line we are conscious that we
defend the true interests of France and of Europe, and
that we are in accord with the intentions and views of
Governments and statesmen. It is this which consoles
us for having fallen into disgrace with the Patrie and
the Constitutionnel. Time alone will show whether our
previsions are correct, or whether they were only an
error of our conscience and of our reason."
The Constitutionnel, after giving the telegraphic
dispatch from Vienna dated the 3rd, announcing
that the Sultan had signed a declaration of warb
against Russia, says :—" Some information which
we have received permits us to add to these details.
At the reiterated request of M. de Bruck, the in-
utonedieulitAraret:.iaewtlZ tpheivnnontemoeft Vienna.?n the 2Tsiti he
nit.tern
Divan was unanimous in deciding that the Porte
could then less than ever,
in
pretation given to that documentpr es e n
bc ey ot fb the
h Cabinet
-
of St. Petersburg, accept it, without its having
indicated first received the modifications by Res-
chid-Pacha. The determination was to be com-
municated to the ambassadors of the Four Powers.
The Divan also decided that a Grand Council

should be convoked for the next day to examine
the situation. That meeting took place the next
day, and this is what is said to have been decided ;
first of all, it was resolved that the system of nego-
tiations was exhausted ; next, all the measures ne-
cessary for the last preparatives of defence were
regulated ; lastly, it was declared that the moment
had arrived for making, what was called at Con-
stantinople, the declaration of war. It is this
without doubt which the Vienna dispatch indicates
by the general terms, that the Divan had come to
resolutions in the sense of war."

The German Journal of Frankfort has the fol-
lowing, dated Warsaw, the 29th ult. :—",The Em-
peror of Russia, accompanied by the Hereditary
Grand Duke, arrived here yesterday afternoon at
two o'clock from Olmutz. At half-past four o'clock
His majesty continued his journey to St. Peters-
burg."

This- is a somewhat extraordinary statement after
the announcement received by telegraph of the de-
parture of the Emperor of Austria and the King
of Prussia to Warsaw to meet his Majesty, and of
the Emperor of Austria having been invited by
His Majesty to attend the military manoeuvres,
which are about to take place near that city.
A letter from Cronstadt states that new troops
are constantly arriving on the line of the Danube,
and that the forwarding of ammunition is going on
actively.

The Constantinople correspondent of the Parla-
ment° of Turin announces that the Spanish Gene-
ral Prim, Count de Reuss, has entered the service
of the Porte, and been appointed to the command
of a division of 20,000 men.
News from Bucharest, dated the 24th Sept., give
sad reports of the condition of the Russian troops
in the Principalities. Nearly one-fourth of them
are in the hospital, or rather on the sick list, for
there is but very small hospital accommodation,
and wretched medical Attendance. Typhus has
broken out among the soldiery, and cholera, too,
has made its appearance. Their food is scanty and
unwholesome, the commissariat being totally in-
efficient.

Dysentery and local fevers have also done their
worst. The soldiers are thirsting not so much for
glory, as to be safe back in Russia ; and it is be-
lieved that letters have been received from Prince
Gortschakoff, who is laid up with an attack of severe
gastritis, stating that he heartily wishes the mat-
ter were settled, and the Principalities evacuated.
General Luders is in bed, and many other officers
are struck down by the prevalent diseases.
The Breslau Gazette contains a letter from
Vienna, which says :—" The Emperor of Russia
distributed several decorations during his stay at
Olmutz. Count de Buol Schauenstein received
from his Majesty an order in brilliants. The Em-
peror of Austria invited the foreign officers who
had come to Olmutz to visit Vienna. Count Buol
de Schauenstein has returned here. Baron de
Meyendorff has accompanied the Czar to Warsaw.
The Russian ambassador at Constantinople has re-
ceived instructions to support the efforts of M. de
Bruck to obtain from the Porte the acceptance of
the Vienna note without modification."
A letter from Vienna, of the 30th ult., in the
Cologne Gazette, says :—" Lord Westmoreland, the
English Ambassador at this court, who proceeded
to Olmutz not as a diplomatist but as a general
officer, was not present at the conferences which
took place between Count de Buol Schauenstein,
Count de Nesseirode, and Baron de Meyendorff.
He was not even received at a private audience by
the Czar, but appeared before his Majesty with the
other Generals. The Czar received him coldly and
merely said : I am delighted.' The French
General de Guyon was honoured with a longer con-
versation, as the Emperor said to him, I regret •
much not to see in person your Emperor and not
to be able to say to all Europe, how much I love
and esteem him. I invite you to follow me to
Warsaw to be present at the manoeuvres of my
troops.' The Count de Guyon at once sent a tele-
graphic dispatch to Paris and in a few hours the
authorisation to follow the Czar arrived. The mar-
riage of the Emperor of Austria is fixed for the
24th of April next.
Letters from St. Petersburg of rthe 24th ult.
announce that the Russian Baltic fleet had re-
ceived orders to return to Cronstadt, and hold
itself at the disposal of the Government.
Accounts from Bucharest state that the harvest
has been very abundant in Wallachia. 900 lbs. of
wheat, first quality, sell at three Imperial ducats
(36f.), and second quality at 24 ducats. Barley
and oats are sold at 1A ducat for the same quantity.
The crop of maize has not been so good.

AUSTRIA.
The project of the new Austrian loan has been
communicated to the house of Rothschild. The
period of the publication of the programme is not
yet fixed. The project is based on a lottery, the
last drawing of which will take place in 1905.
A letter from Warsaw, of the 29th ult., states
that the Bank had given notice that it would raise
the rate of discount from five to six per cent.
from the Ist.

The Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian, brother
of the Emperor, has just been named Governor-
General of the Polish provinces, of the kingdoms
of Gallicia and Lodomeria, of the Grand Duchy of
Cracow, and of the Duchy of Bukowina. He is to
arrive there before the end of the year to assume
the superior administration of these provinces.
Count Goluhowski is to retain his functions of Civil
Governor of Gallicia.

Negotiations have been entered into between
Austria and Russia for a postal treaty.
GERMANY.

A letter from Berlin of the 2d, in the Cologne
Gazette, says :—" It may be considered as certain
that negotiations have been commenced between
France and Prussia to arrive at the conclusion of a
commercial treaty between France and the Zollve-
rein. France asks the Zollverein to reduce the
duty on jewellery and articles of luxury, and on her
side she proposes to favour navigation, by diminish-
ing the duties levied at the entry of ports."
A letter from Berlin of the Ist states that the
Bank of that city has raised its rate of discount to
5 per cent.