The Sun.
London, England, 1854-05-04 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 4, 1854,

provement on his original process, which consisted
simply in the development of the molecular prisms
of the flour, whereby it was made to absorb a greater
quantity of water. With flour of the 3d quality
there was thus obtained, at the extra cost of ss.
per sack, an augmentation of 45 to 56 per cent.
in the product of bread. With flour of the Ist
quality the extra expense was 2s. to 2s. W.. per
sack, and the increase in the quantity of bread
produced 20 to 25 per cent. The difference be-
tween the results, which in the case of the 3d
quality flour shows an augmentation of 45 to 56
per cent., and that of the Ist quality flour only
20 to 25 per cent., is attributable to the imprac-
ticability of saturating the fine flour to the same
extent as the coarse, without greatly injuring the
colour of the crust, which becomes dark red, and
inconveniently brittle. In baking bread of the
second and third quality less attention is paid to
the look of the article, which may be augmented
in weight and size to the extent of 56 per cent.
without the purchaser making any complaint with
respect to the appearance or taste of the bread.
It is plain that the process just described is in-
complete or deceptive, inasmuch as it merely pro-
duces an augmented weight of bread, but not an
augmented weight of nutritive matter. In other
words, a pound and a half of the bread produced
by the first step in the new process will not sup-
port animal life longer than would one pound of
the bread made by the ordinary process.
It follows that the process in the first stage is
valuable to the baker alone, and not to the consumer.
It is really disadvantageous to the public, for it
may enable individual bakers possessing the secret
to enrich themselves at their customers' expense.
But the second step or complement of the pro-
cess, which has not yet been communicated by
M. D'AZENE to any one, renders his invention real,
complete, and important. It consists, in the addi-
tion of the nutritive elements of bread, in a propor-
tion equal to the augmented weight and volume, so
that the bread. thus made is quite as nutritive and
wholesome as ordinary bread.
This, as we have stated, he has offered to com-
municate freely to the Guardians of Marylebone
parish. If, however, the matter on investigation
should stand the tests to which it may be sub-
jected, it should be taken up by the Govern-
ment for the public benefit, and suitable
compensation paid to the ill-used gentleman, who
has hitherto met with the ordinary fate of in-
ventors imprisonment and pecuniary loss as
the reward cf his ingenuity. If, as the ancient
philosopher tells us, " the man who makes two
blades of grass spring up where only one pre-
viously grew," the person who, by a new process,
increases the value of the existing produce of the
soil, possesses strong claims on his fellow-men—
claims which should not be met by neglect and
contumely. M. D'AZENE at presen.6 only seeks
a fair trial. By its results he is prepared to
stand or fall, trusting fur his remuneration to the
liberality and sense of justice of the Government,
after they have fully tested the efficacy of his pro-
cess, and formed a suitable estimate of its value.
That trial, we are satisfied, will not be refused, now
that the attention of Lord PALMERSTON has been
directed to the interesting and important subject.

PLAN OF THE TOWN AND HARBOUR
OF ODESSA.

Mr. Wyld, with his usual skill and promptitude,
has just published a very beautiful plan of the
town, harbour, and Bay of Odessa—now rendered
so interesting and important. Tie town appears
to be very large, verging close on the Black Sea.
There are two harbours, about half a mile apart,
the Imperial Port and the Quarantine Port, formed
by moles run out into the sea and mounted
with batteries. The Citadel commands the Quaran-
tine Port, which is about twice the size of the other.
The bay is large, extending from Cape Langeron,
near the Citadel, on the south-west, to Cape Dein-
brovsky, on the north-east, a distance of about
five miles, with soundings ranging from 30 to 50
feet all over. There seems to be 40 feet water
within half a mile or less of the Citadel and Qua-
rantine Port. The bottom is composed of sand and
shells in the Bay, and mud and weeds near the har-
bour. There are two lights, 86 and 74 feet high,
on the moles. There would seem little difficulty in
taking the town with a strong land force, and that,
once captured, the citadel would soon fall, attacked
by land and water.

TEE QUEEN'S VISIT TO DRURY-LANE

TII EA TRE.

Her Majesty has signified her intention of visiting the
Royal Opera at Drury-lane, this evening, to witness
Weber's Der Frieschutz, which will be performed in
German. The principal parts in the opera will be thus
supported :—Agatha, Madame Caradori ; Anna, Mdlle.
Sedlazek ; Max, Herr Reichardt ; and Caspar, Herr
Formes. It is gratifying to see royal patronage be.
stowed upon such a laudable, yet hazardous undertaking,
as thatof providing for the people operatic entertainments
of the highest degree of excellence, at the ordinary
theatre prices. Hitherto the houses have been nightly
crowded, and this visit of our gracious Queen may be
looked upon as a good omen of the future success of the
experiment.

MONEY MARKET

AND
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

CITY, TWO o'CLOCK

The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were
estimated at 5,000 bales, including 500 American
for export. The market closed heavily, and price
of American under sid were irregular, and in most
cases Id. per lb. lower. In Brazil and Egyptian
there was no change, and other sorts were flat
The sales comprised 4,000 American, 660 Perham
and Maranham, at bid. to 71d., 20 Bahia at 6id.,
50 Egyptian at 6d. to tad., and 400 Surat at
3d. to 4d. Railway shares were dull, at rather
lower rates.

The six weeks' average price of wheat is 775. bd.
per quarter. The quantity of wheat sold last week
was 61,590 quarters in the towns which govern the
averages.
The steamer Great Britain is likely to be de-
tained much longer than was anticipated, as she
must await a high tide to get into dock again for
the necessary repairs to her machinery.
The following is an interesting extract of a letter
from Chili :

" Chili proceeds well and prosperously, for tin, mine-
ral, and agricultural wealth surpass all calculations
The Government is unpopular, and its unpopularity
arises princ►pally from causes which might have been
avoided. Moult, the present chief magistrate, findinv
his position critical and uncertain, laid hold of the priests
on the one hand, and the Jesuits on the other, for sup
port ; the result has been the introduction of the Jesuit-
and an extension of ecclesiastical power ai.d authority.
which has already overreached the authority of the Pre-
sident, to whom the Church now dictates, and ere long
we may see in Santiago the establishment of another In-
quis►tion, unless checks-I by the people, who are opposed
to and view w►th jealousy this hydra-headed power ; anti
when a revolution or change does take place, it will hr
radical and effective. Moult's reign will be the darkest
page in the history of this country ; for whatever good
he may have done in other ways, the introduction of the
Jesuits and the cession of civil power to the Church is
an evil which overshadows everything in the consequences
which will be produced."

This being the "fourth" of the month, a large
amount of commercial paper falls due, and, as fat
as we can learn, the bills have been very promptly
met.

The amount of Exchequer Bonds applied for is
stated to be fully sufficient to absorb the 2,000,0001.
of the A series. There is, however, no official in-
formation upon this subject. Should the applica-
tions far exceed the sum, it is considered probable
that the Chancellor may be willing to increase the
A series, and not issue the others.
Stocks were rather buoyant at the commence-
ment of business, Consols having touched 88k for
money, but they have since experienced a reaction
to 878' in consequence of a rumour that the
Bank of England intends to raise the rate of dis-
count. At the moment of our writing the Direc-
tors are still assembled at their weekly " parlour "
meeting, and it may be that the question
of taking a portion of the Exchequer • Bonds
engages their attention. Should any alteration
in the rate be announced, it will be communicated
towards the close of this article. The Bank of
France, it is rumoured in advises from Paris just
to hand, contemplates an increase in its discounts
to 5-k per cent., but this seems very improbable,
when good bills can be done easily at 41. Another
rumour is, that the Emperor of France will require
a further loan of ten millions, also a very impro
bable story, so soon after the late amount borrowed.
The New 31 per Cents. have been 871 to 88, and
the 3 per Cents. 86k to 87#. Bank Stock has been
down again to 204 and 202. India Bonds are at
13s. discount ; and the small Exchequer Bonds
have been done at 2s. discount.
Foreign Securities have been dull, and there is
no great change in the prices. Spanish Bonds are
merely nominal. Portuguese 4 per Cents. have
been done at 39i. Grenada Deferred Stock is
worth 5. Buenos Ayres Bonds are at 54, and
Brazilian Small have been quoted 96. There has
been a bargain in Russian 41- per Cents. at 80,k.
Sardinian Stock is at 80 to 81, and Swedish 4 per
Cents. have been done at 84i.

The last week's railway receipts ascertained up
to this day are in round figures as under :

1854. 1853.
Great Western
North-Western
South-Western " 12,220. 11,367
Brighton
Midland
South- Eastern 15,414 12,395
Caledonian, and Edin. and Glasgow 15,750 13,826
Great Northern 18,042 15,407
Lancashire and Yorkshire
In Railway Shares the transactions have been
limited, but the quotations have in some instances
improved a little. Great Northern, Lancashire
and Yorkshire, and Great Western, have been
most dealt in. French shares have been nominal.
Great Western of Canada barely so high.
The Mining Share Market has been quiet, and
prices are steady. Union Bank of Australia shares
are a shade bettor. Crystal Palace shares are
firmer.

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY.—CLOSING PRICES
( .I,rom the Official Lisa. ,

snginp.l. t.v.
'ank Stock .......... .......... ........• 201 52 11
per Cent. Reduced Annuities B7 A 61 74 6,1 $
3 per Cent Consols Annuities 874 8/ 71 $ i g
New 31 per Cent. Annuities
859 43
87i 1 8 7-
New 21 per Cent. Annuities ~ 75
Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan., 1800
oat(' 30 years, Expire 10th Oct.,
Ditto 30 Years, Expire sth jan.;lB6o 4 15-16 f
India Bonds, £lOOO . ...... .....„ —
Ditto, under £lOOO l3 d
Consols for Account 11th May BB 71 B i
Exchequer Bills, 2d.
Small 2 d 2 p
PRICE 0 E FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY.
ftrazitian Bonds, 5 per Cent. _
Ditto Small
Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent —
Ditto for the Account... 54
Greek Bonds, Red
Peruvian 3 per Cent.' 43
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent 391 401
Russian Bonds, 4i per Cent BO4
Sardinian Bonds, 5 per Cent.....c......
Swedish 4 per Cent.....,.. ...........
.....
i)iviciends on the ahove payable in London.

Dutch Exchange, 2i per Cent. 12 Gull-- 571
THREE O'CLOCK.
Consols B7/
Ditto May A aeon nt

THE FUNERAL OF THE LATE MARQUIS 01,
ANGLESEY.

This morning, the remains of the late Marquis of
Anglesey lay in state in the Mortuary Chamber, at Ux-
bridge House, to give his friends an opportunity of pay-
ing their respects to the remains of the late lamented
nobleman. To-morrow morning, at half-past ten o'clock,
the mortal remains of the late Marquis will be removed
from Uxbridge House, accompanied by an escort of the
Royal Horse Guards, Blue, of which regiment the
noble marquis was colonel, to the Northern Railway
Station, King's-cross, and afterwards by special train to
Lichfield, accompanied by the Earl of Uxbridge.
now Marquis of Anglesey, Lord Paget, M.P. for
South Staffordshire, with many other noblemen and
gentlemen. The coffin, which is covered with rich silk
crimson velvet, with gilt handles and ornaments, sur-
mounted with a coronet and breastplate, bears the fol-
lowing inscription :—"The Most Honourable Henry
William Paget, First Marquis of Anglesey. Earl of
Uxbridge, Baron Paget, of Beaudesert, Field-Marshal,
Colonel of the Royal Horse Guards (Blue), Lord-Lieu-
tenant, and Custos Rotulorum of the counties of Angle-
sey and Staffordshire, Constable of Carnarvon-castle,
Ranger of Snowdon-forest, Vice-Admiral of Carinarth-
'enshire, Captain of Ccwes-castle, Privy Councillor,
K.G., _ G.C.8.,_ K.S.P., G.C.H:, Knight of Maria
Theresa of Austria, Knighe of St. George of Russia,
Knight. of William of Holland ; born 17th May, 1768 ;
died 29th April, 1854."

THE CONSERVATIVE LAND SOCIETT.7-At the meeting
of the executive committee on the 2d inst., at the offices,
33, Norfolk-street, on the motion. of -Viscount Ranelagh,
the chairman, seconded by Colonel Brownlow Knox,
M.P., the vice chairman, Viscount Ingestre was unani-
mously elected a member of the board of directors.
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.—By the Seringapatam, Gim
blett, from Bombay, adviees have been received from
the Cape of Good Hope to the sth of March. The
Crossus steamer, which left Southampton on the 11th
of January, arrived at the Cape on the 28th of Feb-
ruary, on her way to Melbourne. The Mauritius steamer
had also reached the same place on the Ist of March,
bound to India. The discovery of gold in the Orange
River Sovereignty had been confirmed. In the especial
locality of Smithfield several nuggets were alleged to
have been obtained, weighing from one to four ounces
each ; but in the majority of cases the gold is found in
minute particles. So much faith was placed in the re-
ports that parties bad been induced to forfeit the deposit
they had paid for passages to Australia in the Falcon
from Algoa Bay. Specimens of quartz with nuggets
from the Sovereignty had been exhibited in the Com-
mercial Exchange.
PRICE OP GOLD.—The price of gold at Paris is about
3 per mille discount (according to the last tariff), which,
at the English Mint price of 31. 17s. 101 d. per oz. for
standard gold, gives an exchange of 25.091 ' • and the
exchange at Paria on London at short being 24.95, it
follows that gold is about 0.58 per cent. dearer in Paris
than in London. By advices from Hamburgh the price
of gold is 420 per mark, which, at the English Mint
price of 3/. 17s. 101 d. per oz. for standard gold, gives
an exchange of 13.21 ; paid the exchange at Hamburgh
on London at short being 13.2, it follows that gold is
0.18 per cent. dearer in Hamburgh than in London.
The course of exoha'age at New York on London for
bills at 60 days' sigl-,t is 1091 per cent., and the par of
exchange between England and America being 109
23.40 per cent., 'at follows that the exchange is nominally
0.08 pet cent., against England ; but, after making
allowance, for
tbrett; charges of transport and difference of in-
the"?`"esent raze leaves ud prott on the trattsatiow
81°11 Ot PP., either iray tretweell the tVO'-oclutriev.

LATEST FOREIGN NEWS,

THE WAR.

" CONSTANTINOPLE, April 24.—The Russian bat-
teries at the Salina mouth of the Danube has been
bombarded by part of the fleet.
It was reported yesterday (Wednesday) that the
Russian fleet left Sebastopol on the 28th of April.
. A correspondent, who dates Balgick, April 14,
says
" The 'steamers Firebrand, Retribution, Niger, and
two French steamers, left just now for Odessa. The
Spitfire arrived here to-day from Constantinople, as also
the Fury with six prisoners. The deserters arrived here
from the Russian army say that the Danube overflowed
and carried away all the raft bridges, the communication
with the right bank of the Danube is cut off, and for tilt
last four flays the army was without provisions. Their
,iumher is 60,000. They lost 4,000 in passing the river
rhe place on which they are encamped is very marshy,
the frost is intense, and their loss is 100 men per diem.
►Ve leave to-morrow for Odessa. The Turkish fleet will
!oin us in a few days. Admiral Slide has arrived here.
l'he Fury leaves this evening for Constantinople."
A letter from Galatz, of the 17th, appears in the
Transylvanian Messenger :
"The Danubio, one of Lloyd's s earners, returned
here yesterday from Sulina, to which spot it had been
'.,owing two sailing vessels. The captain says that there
was from 9i to 10 feet depth of water off the bar. 0:►
the 10th, three lighters, filled with sand, had been sunk,
and there only remained a narrow channel about 50 paces
.vide, on the Russian side, for ships to pass through.
Sags of sand were kept ready on the beach for blocking
an even this open space, if events required it. Both
ianks have star-formed batteries on them. The garrison
,t present is 2,000 strong, but 6,000 more men were
-xpected. When the weather is-fair, French and English
;hips cruise alternately off the mouth, and one of them,
►n English ship, received on board Mr. Vincent Lloyd,
the English vice-consul, and his family."