The Sun.
London, England, 1838-09-10 00:00:00

IREL NND

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.

SEPT. 8
CAPTAIN
Captain VIGNOLES —Yesterday a IetterDUBLIN, S.
addressed
Vignoles by Mr. Drummond, the Under Secretary
of was published in the Mail, and has excited all man.
commentary in the Dublin J )urnals. The facts of the
ease are
took place
briefly these :—At the Car low election a rencontre
pl7e between Captain Vianoles, who was there as a Sti-
en
Magistrate, and Captain Gleeson, chief of constabu-
-lat3'.. The former attempted to wrest a sword from the latter,
for
tiro purpose of attacking the crowd; the latter resisted the
attempt, and subsequently made a complaint to Government
on the subject. An investigation took place, at which some
parties swore that Vignolcs drew Gleeson's sword out of the
scabbard in the struggle, and other witnesses alleged other
acts of violence against him. Government felt bound to cen-
sures him for attempting to deprive a brother officer of his
_yitord while on duty, which they did, without any reference to
tIIC other acts of violence with which he was charged. Capt.
jYlgnoles afterwards succeeded in obtaining a verdict of per-
uryagainst some of the witnesses against him, who however
bad sworn to matters unconnected wi:ls the unmilitary conduct
for which he was censured,
which he, be it remembered, never
den ed. On , this ,
n e wrote to Government, requiring to have
the censure withdrawn, and Mr. Drummond's letter is in answer
to his application. He tells him that, not only has he shown
no cause for removing, or even modifying, the censure, but
that he alleged matters against Captain Gleeson which he has
not proved, and behaved to him upon the occasion of the last
trial—a couple of months ago—in a very reprehensible man-
her, So much for the Tory chief.
COMBINATION.—Another act of violence arising out of com-
binatioa has just been committed. On Wednesday a boat, the
Operty of a corn-factor of Dublin, was burned at Mullingar,
County Westmeath, because, during the temporary absence of
the " captain," a Dublin man was appointed to succeed him,
and not a native of Mullingar. The boat was worth 50/ or
501. The recommendations of the Committee on Combina-
tion are earnestly looked for in this country, as it is hoped
they will be calculated to put an end to this frightful nuisance.
Mr. Hume has addressed a letter to the Editor of the
Morning Register, on the subject of the caution with which he
was served by the Queen's printers, not to follow the example
of the Evening Post in copying the Poor-law Act. He pre-
tests strongly against the pres'tnt system of monopoly, and re-
commends a meeting of the Editors of all the Irish Journals,
either to devise means of defeating the restriction, or to apply
to Government on the subject. it strikes me that if the ques-
tion were brought before Parliament, they could not fail see-
ing, that not only ought the restriction to be withdrawn, but
if the people are to know the laws they are expected to obey,
eery new Act of importance should be inserted as an adver-
tsement in every newspaper in the empire. The reasonable-
ness of this suggestion needs no comment, but the Press must
atir actively in the matter before anything will be done by the
Public or by P,Jliament.
LO5O Canstoitsz --This young Nobleman has just come of
41g
io which circumstance will have some influence upon the
political affairs in several counties, particularly in
a°naglian. He attended the Reform banquet to O'Connell
d Hutton at the theatre last winter.
TUE TURF AFFAIR.—The second meeting on the subject of
Mr. Ferguson's charges against the Turf Club terminated
truth
held, of his allegations. Another, a private, meeting will be
for the purpose of deciding whether he will be permitted
to remain a member of the Coffee-room.
'e tithe meeting will take place in Mayo to-morrow, at
Which it is expected Dr. M'Hale will be present. Violent
anti.tithe resolutions will be brought forward and, I presume,
adopted.
Air. Nicholl has been several days in town, and is corn-
tr°fleit:?' his operations in connection with the Poor-law Bill.
IThe first experiment of the new system will be made in Dub-
.lka, Where it is much needed, for since the passing of the Act,
`"e Managing Committee of the Mendicity have had the
greatest difficulty in obtaining funds to carry on the institu-
t?en, and the Sick and Indigent Room-keepers' Society has
"cn in a similar difficulty.
6TRAM-PACKET COLLISION.—On Thursday evening as the
7.1.i.0yal William was preparing to leave Kingstown harbour for
I.t:averpool, the Postt-office packet Gulnare, which had just ar-
ped with the four o'clock mail from Holyhead, struck the
Fortner vessel, carrying away her bulwarks. The engines of
_
Gulnare were then revered and set forward, when a se-
'cond time she struck the Royal William, and carried away
trie fore-gangway. The spectators on shore could in no way I,
account fur this extraordinary occurrence.

LORD BROUGHAM.

The
13 fulfaw,lng correspondence has passed between Lord
Lro- ndrug,b,
13
ani and ,Mr. Tait, bookseller, who had addressed his
3lrti.low if his
to
ea -8"IP on the
I;inrci3hip was about to
a t of some of his political friends, wishing
visit Scotland this

Edinburgh, 3d Sept., 1838.
formers oßt,._You would(re a number of the He-
of this city and oth greatlys
of 'Scotland, by letting us
oblige
it:lt,l7 whether we may believe the report INhich has appeared
lande Newspapers, that your Lordship 'mends to visit cot-
Ttills autumn,'
wo ~. f
tat: On toTt the other three citizens who conp;
for iuform sed the depu-
ro,ugham Hall two years ago, join me in tiu...° request.s
Lever a 1 d oration. The fourth I have not happened to se, for
a ayo.

I am, my Lord,
Lo .d Brough
Your Lordship's very obedient servant.am, &c. &c.
W. TA IT.

Brougam a, S
81,4--In answer to the inquiritsh of you and Sept.
thoselB other
friends whom I had the great pleasure of seeing here two
Years ago, I have to state that the supposition of my having
determined to visit Scotland this autumn was founded on a
Misapprehension.
At one time I thought it probable that I should be obliged
to attend a ceremony in one of the Northern Universities. But
as I know from the experience of 1834 how very difficult it
teould be (with every disposition I might have, and every pre-
raution I might take) to avoid attending political meetings if
I went there, I have done my endeavour to avoid going there at
all this season, and I trust I have succeeded.
It may be asked why I have so strong a dislike to attend
lor rolitical assemblies, especially during the recess of Parliament;
rather why I do not overcome that disinclination, for the
at4vaneement of my political principles. My answer is, that I
'should now, as I occasionally have done before, lay my own
leeelinations out of the question, if I really could be convinced
eat any good would result from my undergoing a great per-
willinconvenience. But I am sure that more advantage
follow from confining my exertions in behalf of those
13,11,4eiples to my place in Parliament, where I am always
`e ue found.
ThLet not our friends, the friends of Reform and improve-
thee,
et, imagine that I conceive the present to be a time when
fig 'r most strenuous exertions can be dispensed with. It is
w clear, if any thing can be clear, that for farther improve-
rent
t in their condition the people must look to their own ef
The folly of those who suffer themselves to be lulled
Courtlito inaction by the accident of a friendly Court—or rather a
th not hostile—can only be equalled by the knavery of
e2e who attempt to practise this delusion. It is a good for-
tune which a thousand chances may at any moment reverse,
as„ sleave them bitterly to lament that they have refused to
tnaKe And take heed while it is called to-day."—And, with
ti4this temporary advantage, what has been gained ? They
La is
look to Ireland. Look, then, to Ireland. First, a Poor
itsiwsw's imposed on that country, to the universal dismay of
r.luabitants, without distinction of rank, party, or sect. Then
Ivii44otur_esistance to the changes made in the C.o.rp_ora_tmio.nsoßbiielfl
stti owed by some kind of alarm, that some kind of
ght come to some
in People if the Bill was accepted as altered;
n.easure was lost altogether. An unqualified submis-
Prn' "°wever, to the same po ter which had dictated those Cor-
-5110 mien Bill changes, was made when the great tithe mea-
-11: Carrie on the carpet. Against all " gages and pledges."
lion, nnlY one merit the Bill ever could boast, the apprepria-
trot,.,ll',e3 abandoned by those who had taken office on the
nevv of that provision being indispensably necessary ; and a
thPrb°P was purchased for the Irish Church at the heavy coatde
us p:„. I')Ale of this country ; while some of those. who ma
bad it avowed that we were only throwing good money
dov,afte',2',46, for nothing could save the building from tumbling
Thus there would be no great satisfaction in going
she -; the people of Scotland how little they had gained underthem
argai-teiw aispensation ; and little good in warning them
to
ever again cherishing those hopes that u
disarPOintroet
t, Accidental 'circumstances have lately given me
.occasion. to
Whic(lhnsidev• very deliberately, the political opinions with
114,_ I entered upon public life thirty years ago, and which fo„ ; ever :
since stuck by me so inconveniently to some other
, that I seem to give the same kind of uneasiness to them
Nvithtt,Pod looking-glass does to a superannuated beauty—
a,nayou'is material difference however that the beauty has only
break
time for the change,, and not herself, and that_ she
'sight
;the mirror, or at least turn away her head from theeo
ettwhereas this operation is not found to be so easy.wh
tio;,7Pet.ed (as, indeed, it has been) upon the glass, which is
1).1. id up to certain leaders of the Liberal party.
But has time and experience and reflection produced no
The gein my own opinions? In some small measure it has.
by th°ePtnions remain substantially the same ; but I cling more
fs,,— ,om as I grow older, and I carry them somewhat furthhero,
eye"; :huger trial of their quality. I feel more deeply t a
'out their no of the people exerting themselves to
.workpt _
than iv own political regeneration. I am more convusFed
_ereyor that they may safely be
, inasmuch as they are now far better
thoroughly d dentrusted with politie.al
qualified to use it.
nave persua e Land without it they will never
think security for good cheap government; and I
the:l the tirne is come when they must prove traitors to
theselyos, and cannot be served or saved by any man, unless
4110) _show a firm determination to think for themselves, and
kiti,_`'e 00 more party combinations or mere party leaders to
:teliond to dictate their opinions. Good, safe, wholesale
tiii..,tavnent consists in all intelligent persons of the commu-
-41,4 Ing.a direct share in the administration of its powers;
iti~ordinary education is all that can be required for
stutleg men sufficient intelligence to discharge this highest
tolieY2l, and exercise this most sacred right. My firm
is, that tha , county domestic peace and good order
fon_y be al better eserved—that its
the _el.gn aff.irs willwill always beways pr
te
more steadily adminisred—that
ti,.l first
blessings of the political state, the very end and most polity (I mean peace at home and abroad), will
40...._i is rcertainly maintained—in the country whose Govern-
taaroundel upon the most extensive, that is, the most po-
etst,,,,sA!'ase. We are far enough from that at present—and
y are in the East pulling down and setting up
b:l'ees, and extorting subsidiary treaties from our Royal Pup-
the West passing wholesale Bills of attainder against

persons in their absence, and w:tl:out even any notice—and
everywhere keeping up costly settlements for the sake of the
atronsge they bestow; while at home we have had the public
burthens nearly station iry for these twenty years of peace,
and find a close union of both the great regular parties in the
State to support the laws by which bread is made dear, the
trade in all corn but our own extinguished, and the foreign
markets closed against the produce of our manufactories.
Mark, too, in passing., the evil effects, the gross and even ridi-
culous inconsistencies of the party principle, when abused,
which in its just uses is so favourable to popular rights, and
so great a shield against oppression. In 1820 I ha 1 th,
hearty support of the regular Whig partizans (we being 01
then
e
againsti the very worst act the Tories ever
did,i npp
their o
Bill osfintio)keeping
e
the' Queen out of her adopted coun-
try, to please the King, all " without sheddinr, her blood" of
course—but the Tory Bill was not made behind the
Queen's back. We were heard for two months against it,
and we defeated it. Yet those same Whig partizans now, to
please a Viceroy's blundering Council (for I am sure it can
be no measure of his own) defend a Bill, passed in two hours,
for the attainder of 16 men wholly unaware of the measure, and
whom it is intended only to keep out of their native country,
" without shedding their blood," of coursa—a Bill described
by one of its authors, without any exaggeration, " as an act of
horrible injustice and despotism."
When Parliament meets we shall see whether or not the
same resistance to all reform will continue to be offered, by
which the opening of the last Session was so remarkably distin-
guished from all its predecessors. If the interval shall be em-
ployed by the people in calmly but firmly making their senti-
ments and their determination known to their representatives,
better things may be expected for ourselves at home, as better
things have been effected than were at first granted for our fel-
low subjects in the colonies, by the force of public opi-
nion alone. If the people show themselves indifferent to what
most concerns them, then another exhibition will be made
of the mere game of parties, which was well enough suited to
a former state of things, and did occasionally service to the
country, but which in the present day can have no other effect
than to defraud the nation of its just rights, and to suspend
the progress of public improvement. With my best respects
to the other gentlemen, I have the honour to be, Sir, your
faithful and obedient servant, BROUGHAM.
W. Tait, Esq , Edinburgh.
P. S.—l trust that nothing in this letter will lead you to
suppose that I consider the people bound to be still and inac-
tive upon practical questions of great moment, such as the
Corn-laws, the Irish Church, or,-Popular Education, because
they are deprived of their just share in the representation.
That by no means follows. They may do great good in keep-
ing their representatives right, even under the present defec-
tive system.

THE GEOLOGY OF MOSES.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sept. 8, 1838.
Sitt—You are quite right in assuming, in your valuable
Paper of Friday last, that Moses connected with the word
earth (in Hebrew " Ercz") a different idea from what we do,
and that he had no idea of its extent and globular form. Is
there any evidence that he was inspired upon this su',ject, and
on the subject of the creation generally? Certainly not; he
never claims it. He, as well as all other authors of the Old
Testament, speaks of the earth according to what was known
then. The account of the formation of the world, in the firs'
Book of Moses, must be deemed highly incorrect ; it has
been proved so by modern researches in geology ; but here I
will refer only to this circumstance, that the sun is stated to
have been created at a subsequent stage of tie formation of
the world, when, one should think, he would have been
wanted first of all. The formation of the world proceeded thee,
first, in a state of darkness, which no one can bring himself to
believe to be true. Moreover, when the commander Joshua
is reported to hare been fighting a battle, " the sun was or-
dered to stand, and not to move until he had finished and ob-
tained victory." From this it is clear that the Israelites
thought the sun was merely created for the use of the people
whom they knew, and not for those inhabiting the opposite
part of ours, of whom they knew nothing.
But the real question is, whether Moses wrote at all the ac-
count of the creation of the world now bearing his name.
This question has been long since settled in Germany by the
most erudite and careful researches of a great many profes-
sors in divinity. The first chapters of the books of Moses
were compiled from different sources, one calling God
Elohim, the other Jehovah—the third Jehovah Elohim. The
fragments were ill connected, and their beginning and end
may, as yet, be pointed out to Hebrew scholars. The author
of the fragment Elohim proves, by this very name, that he
had not yet any idea of the unity of God, since this word is
a plural, and means gods. In addition, Children of God aro
mentioned as opposed to Children of Men. The author of this
fragment lived evidently at a time when a belief p -evaded simi-
lar to that of Greeks and Romans, with whom their Gods had
a family.
It has been proved that Moses knew of no other material
for records than stone. It cannot, consequently, be presumed
that of his composition there should be in the Old Testament
much more than the Commandments. If the whole of the
five books of Moses had been on stone he would have wanted
a large train of waggons to carry them w t t him when they
wandered about in the desert. The five books now bearing
the name of Moses have been written at different periods, and
finally arranged by Esras. Among other proofs are also the
Chaldaic, Persian, and other foreign word=, which are found
in the Pentateuch, and got currency among the Jews only at
ti ;e time of the Babylonian captivity.
The ClirgY
of this country is, however, totally ignorant of
these subjec..
I heard the Archbishop of Canterbury saying
in the Upper Hon: about about three years ago, it was much to be
regretted that the Clerg: of ::
this country
learned everything
I saw this st dement also
except what they ought to know.
Reports. To prove
afterwards printed in the Parlamentet.:
thst his Grace is right, I may add a few words.
I will net now state at large in what manner Clergynieti in
Germany are trained, and what is required of them when they
offer for holy orders. This would take too much space, though
it would be a perfect explanation of what his Grace said, and
fully show what the English Clergy eught to know. I will
only state, that of many sciences taught in the German Uni
versities, the Clergy of this country has not even a genera!
idea, nay, hardly heard the name. Of this kind is the Kato--
Wile, or the science teaching properly to instruct children,
and particularly to put to them questions in a manner that their
meisn d
or s m
no. ay be expanded, and that they never artswer simply
v
Another science is the Pastoralwissenschaft, or tLe
science of properly performing clerical duties, in marrying
persons, solving scruples of conscience, attending the sick bed,
&c, Every word of the Greek Testament is explained to
students of divinity in Germany, and they must prove to have
attended lectures on all books of the New, and the most es-
sential books of the Old Testament fur three years.
The New Testament is founded on the Old, its Greek lan-
guage turned according- to the Hebrew style, and many pelts
of it have been originally written in Hebrew. I cannot,
therefore, deem English Clergymen competeet to decide on
learned questions of the Hebrew text of the Old Testament,
or of the Greek text of the New Testament, because they
are generally- ignorant or Hebrew and sound theological le.rn-
ing. In the education of Clergymen there must be in this
country a great reform.

ALEPH (of Germany).

DEPARTURE OF THE GREAT

WESTERN.

BRISTOL. BTH SEFT. 1838.—The Great Western took her
departure on her fourth trans-Atlantic voyage, at half•past five
o'clock this evening. The steamers Cambria and St. David
were employed from an early hour in the morning, in conveying
passengers, goods, and luggage from the Hotwells to Kingroad ,
where tit," Great Western was lying. She carries one hundred
and thirty six passengers (including servants,) amongst whom,
were Professor Bache. (grandson of 1)r. Franklin,) Profes-
sor Paleson, Judge Woridward, Mr. Wilson, the vocalist, Mr.
George Combe, the celebrated Phrenologist, Miss Sherriff,
Mrs Bolton, &c., &c. She has also a full cargo of very va-
luable goods, chiefly manuractured silks, laces, and cottons.
The passengers' luggage alone is estimated at nearly one
hundred tons, measurement.
Such was the demand for berths in this beautiful
vessel, from the reputation she has now acquired, not
only on account of the sup,riority of her accommo-
dations, and her great speed, but for the regularity with
which she accomplishes every trip, that from 40 to 50 appli-
cations were obliged to be refused, and premiums of ten and
twenty guineas, and even higher sums, were offered for berths
but the Company are making active preparations for othe r
vessels to be placed on the line, so that next season they hope
to be in a situation to reap the full reward to which they are
justly entitled, both on account of the peculiar natural advan-
tages which Bristol possesses in its geographical position, as
well as their having been the first to commence and bring to a
successful issue, the grand experiment of trans-Atlantic steam
navigation. On this occasion the arrangements were more
than ordinarily complete ; no bustle or confusion whatever ;
everything harmonious and orderly ; and before the vessel was
under weigh, we had the satisfaction of sitting down to dine at
the saloon table, laid out in the most splendid manner, Cap-
tain Hoskens presiding, with nearly 150 passengers and their
friends.

That enterprising Steam Packet Company, Messrs. Jones
and Co., accommodated the public, by allowing their beauti-
ful new steamer the Usk to run down channel, in order that
visitors might have an opportunity of gratifying themselves by
a sight of the Great Western steaminti down to the points,
and a large number of our citizens availed themselves of it.
The evening was beautifully fine ; the wind fair ; the sails
set ; and it was indeed a high gratification to behold this
huge, but beautiful creature, as if conscious of her superiority,
thus one again—
" Walk the waters like a thing of life !"
Nor was the scene without its interest in the affections, at the
moment of parting particularly ; the crews ani passengers in
the Great Western and in the several smaller steamers re-
echoing each others cheers, whilst the tears were seen starting
down the fair cheeks of most of the Min who were leaving
those near and dear to them ; and even in the eyes of many
of the harsher sex the tear gistened in sympathy; but by far
the greater part appeared to be unable to resist the general
impulse, and " one cheer more," " give three more cheers,"
were heard from all sides.
Sear, ral of the Directors were on board, and Edward Divett,
Esq , the active Nlembt.r for. Exeter, accompanied them on
board, and appeared to be much gratified at the ready cxpla-
tions given by the Managers to his very numerous inquiries
as to the merits of the undertaking, the construction of the
vessel, &c.

The Prince and Princess of Oldenburg and suite
are making a tour of flarrowgate, Scarborough, and the
watering places on that side of the coast. They will then
return to the Clarendon Hotel, after Doncaster races.

LATEST NEWS FROM AMERICA.

IMPORTANT FROM 1-IAVANNAII.
( From the Nen, Orleans Commercial Bulletin.)

" TBOUBLES IN HAVANNA!! AND PORTO RICO.—The

steam-ship Natchez having been detained at Key West for
want of fuel, a schooner was despatched to Ilavannah to pro-
etu e a supp!y of coal. The officer sent in -command of the
schooner stated, on his return to Key West, that there had
been some scrious disturbances among the troops at liavan-
lab. The circumstances and particulars ha'l boon kept a se-
cret, as far as possible, by the public authorities ; so that
nothing certain had transpired, as to the cause or origin of
the zfreir.

" This much is ascertained, that a conspiracy was detected
among the troops and officers of sever al regiments garrisoning
the Moro Castle, through the treachery of one of the indivi-
duals implicated. They were, it was supposed, dissatisfied
wi:h the removal of General Tacon, but this is all conjec-
ture. The discovery of the t•eason led to the most vigorous
measures on the part of the new Governor (E.rpeleta), to
crush it in the bud. The gates were immediately shut
upon the regiments in their barracks, and the fort which they
garrisoned converted into their prison. Eighty of the
ringleaders were seized and executed on the spot, and as
many more detained under arrest, awaiting a confirmation of
their guilt. From the frequent and heavy firing heard from
the Fort, it was supposed that a severe conflict took place be-
tween the conspirators and the Government force. In Ha-
vannah the disturbance produced among the inhabitants great
agitation and excitement, heightened by the mystery with
which it was shrouded. On the departure of the schooner all
was quiet ; the insurrection having been effectually put down
by the energy and promptitude of Governor Espeleta.
TIIE GRAIN-MARKET.—Our report of the markets in
another part of to-day's American, records the extraordinary
fluctuations which have attended the value of corn within the
past week. We stated that on Monday prices had risen to
one dollar per bushel, but the decline since then has almost
been as rapid as the rise, for yesterday sales were made at 86
cents. per bushel. The recent rains, which have been the
means of s icing parts of crops that in many cases had pre-
viously been given up for lost, have doubtless had their influ-
ence in reducing prices from their late elevation.—Baltimore
American.

" VIRGINIA.—With regard to the tobacco crop, the Peters-
burgh Intelbgencer of Friday says :--1 The last letters from all
the tobacco secti an of country south of James River repre-
sent the crop to b.:. in a most deplorable state. We have no
very late information from the north side of James River, but
fo n the unusual drought wa bel eve the same state of things
exists all over the state of Virginia. The tobacco speculators
must r( ap a good harvest this year."
" The following portentous bulletin corn s in a slip directed
to the Gazetie'—whether the New York paper of that name
or some other, we know not ; but at any rate it is in our bands
and we hasten to place it before our anxious readers,' though
heaven only knows what it means precisely. Whether the
editor is in danger of Indians, Canada Patriots, Judge Lynch,
or the sheriff, is more than We ran say :
" Office of the Darien Telegraph, August 4.

" It is with mortified feelings that we have to announce to
our readers that we will discontinue the publication of the Da-
rim Telegraph fir the present.
" Our friends may be assured that it is no slight cause that
leads us to this course. When we say,• tat if we do not do
so, our house will be burned, our helpless, innocent children
and b•loved wife murdered, and the few gallant friends we
have, sacrificed, and that property would be i'estroyed in the
city, that fifty years would not replace, we say the truth. But
enough at present.
" • Those who are indebted to us will please make imme-
diate payment to the persecut.'d editor.'"

(From the British Colonist, Aug. 9. )
" The whole of the militia force, with the exception of one
company of the Toronto City Guards, have now returned to
their homes. Colonel Hill's Regiment of Queen's Light In-
fantry, being the last, arrived here on Saturday from Stnd-
wich. It will be seen from an extract from the Sandwich
Herald, that Sir John Colborne, when there, had made ar-
rangements to fortify tha Western frontier, where, we under-
stand, there are no more thin about 100 troops stationed at
present. The province has now assumed its wontel peaceful
appearance ; we hear of no invasions or piratical incursions
upon the frontier. How long this may continue it is hard to
say, as there are still on the opposite shore numbers of refu-
gees and pirates."
We take the following items from the last Montreal
Courier. The first of them is very doubtful :
'• A report was pretty general yester.lay that Lord Dur-
ham has received instructions by the Great Western to order

the execution of Sutherland and Then, r.
" The wives of Chandler and Waite, two orthe condemned
prisoners for the Short aff.ir, went down last night in the
Canada. They intend waiting on Sir John Colborne at Sorel,
and thence proceed to Quebec, for the purpose of imploring
Lord Durham to spare the lives of their husbands. One has
been married only eighteen months, and the other has a family
,sf seven or eight children."
'6 DESERTER: DROWNED.—Six deserters of Vie 431 British
Regiment, in Canada, attempted to cross the Niagara river on
a raft a few.days since. Three of them were drowned, at:d
the other thee reached Lewiston in safety. This regiment
has lost forty men, we learn, by desertion since it has been
,tationed on the Niagara fronti:r.—Bqffillo Journal.
.4 LOWER CANADA.—AII the prisoners in the district of

Montreal charged with parVeipaiion in the late treasons ::nd
rebellion, have been set at liberty, on giving the security re-
qured by the Government, except Mr. L. M. Viger, who in-
sists upon a trial.
" It appeera by the follcmin, from the National Atelli-
gencer, that M. Martinez, the Mexican Minister, has arviv,d
at Washington, and we concur with the Intel igencer in the
hope that our difficulties with thr,t republic may be adjusted,
but we do not concur with that paver in its opinion that the
measu-e recommended to Congrcss would have been eitluT
•.hsurd or barbarous.' Fhat horde of misgoverned tiiiB,
creants tlcsrve.l chastisement fo their Ltrocitics, and we be.
h with 04 : doe•
iie,p they would have born all the better for its infliction.
Some of our enntvmporaries appear to think that the pre. ell
blockade of the 1419*'.c411 pq4zit is ' insufficient,' but it is our
opinion that a much smaller American foype, at the proper
time, would bavo been \ p y suE.'ont in bringirg the Mix.cans
to terms, without itny a, btration of a third 'pJwer, and we
ratln r think, too, that mo,;tp,-:aFte I,pulti have cemsidertd such
a ' repr:sal' would have b:en co::sistelit cuotiA
trines of Burlamachi, even without any ' precious declaration.
of war,'

We beia that M, Mrinez, the Min'.s:er from Niexie;,,
vha h g bun for some ITIP!,“os paid; i 1.44 hi= family iu New
OrleanF, has returned to thi;,‘ city, -

" Connecting this circumstance with the official puhlica.
tion, we are happy in the belief that there is a fair
pent of a neaceCul terrnir.a.ion of the difftTenccs which exist
between the two ,401-intrio.f Such a result will bs as lionozr-
able to both rartiui ai 4 N4i btpApil i.l tci nppublic
( which Congrc.3s we:e instigaw(l to autl':or:se wo!.:1:1
Leen, f..r suct can es as wera anegel, a')su.d aaJ barliarou;.?

NEW YORK MONEY MARKET, Auo. 18.
The business et the ,s:eck Exe!iange to-day increased eon.'
sicheeibly over that of ycsieeedey, whiph wes neueh larger than
:t had been any day before within the I ist tem weeks, at the
prices to day of a'most every deserip:ion offered show en im_
provement on yesterday's rates. It will also be noticed that
the description of those offered, were much more numerous
titan for many days previews.
Our Money mart has .vQiitial).l,, improved within the past
few days, which in connection with the ova* equeliaatieri of
the Exchange's arAighout the country, has caused a great
revolution, even within the past week, in all the departments
of trade, It has greatly improved.
We learn from the Phaceir/phie Price Current, that the
business of the city is.bccoming mare active, etid contideece is
daily becoming more firmly re-established. Money is not
scarce, still it commands more thin the regular interest.
Prices fty• almost all descriptioes of foreign go ds are on the
advance, and the stocks are light cf all the leading foreign sta.
pie, and that considerable sales of brown cetteri goods have
teen made for foreign export. There is also an increased
demand ft.r home consumption at steady prices. Woollen
goods sell more readily, and on satinettes a alight improvement
has been realized. Kentucky jeans have sold very freely at en
advance. Owing to the low stage of water in reest of the
streams, operations have been partially impeded for some weeks
past in the numerous factories ; and supplies have come for-
ward less freely.
specie payments were resumed by all the backs of the dis-
trict of Columbie, couternpumeously with the resemptiun
by
the banks at Philadelphia on Monday last,
At New Orleans, on the I Rh inst., Levy's Price Current
says—" The rate of money outdoors, for good mortgaged
piper, remains the same-10 per cent. per annum; hut other
class paper is more difficult to be negotiated, in consequence
of the banks not discounting so freely as previously." The
rates of Eechange on New Yurk are as follows :—Bills at
short sight are firm at 6 pee cent, prem. out.doorf, and 7 Per
cent. at eight in the banks ; 00 day bils are 4 per cent. prom,
and demand fsir for this season.

g r eTeh, The
withoutweather
t hslightest
intermission
romp
ipsrsei
os oppressive vi en toth
the
violencen
heat. This equable temperature of the atmosphere is not_uonm
wholesome, and so long as it lasts we apprehend nothing f
August, and no sietq of pestilence has yet made its appear
epidemic fever. But we arc now not far from the middler of.
ante. Usually in'former years, when the yellow fever pre'
_
excessive
of stifle!'
July. We are far from believing that the city is yet positively
veiled, it broke out in scattered cases before the middle of
and absolutely secure from its attack, for we recollect one sea-
son, that of 1822, we believ when it did not disclose itself
till the Ist of September, and then its ravages were truly aw-
ful—almost every attack was fatal. 'rise atmospheric pheno-
mena of that year may have been ve-y different from those of
the present—and let us hope that, as this season has thus far
been very remarkable over the whole continent for its ex-
cessive heat, it may be still more remarkable for its uniform
and universal salubrity.—New Orleans Bee.
We have just learned, from an authentic source, of the
murder of two families in Ware county by the Indians. Mr.
Wilde and family were murdered on the 17th inst., and Mr.
John Davis and f tinily on the 24th, nor more than 25 miles
from Waynesville. Mr. Davi; is well known, having formerly
been a member of the Legislature. These murders were
perpetrated by five Indi4nc, whose trail was followed by the
the Okettnokee ixamp where they neighbours into
trails so large, and indicating the vicinitylof ' Indians,
so many
that they wer ' e obliged to return. They estimate that there
are as many as four or five hundred in the swamp. Great
found the
excitement prevails in Ware and Camden on the subject of
these murders, and from Waynesville an express has been
despatehed to obtain particular information, and a meting of
the citizens Is to be lield to-mPrrew, to take such measures us
the urgency of the case may require. " New Vorli Piyier?