The Sun.
London, England, 1853-10-12 00:00:00

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

The last telegraphic message confirms the intel-
ligence already received, that the declaration of war
by Turkey against Russia was contingent upon the
evacuation of the Principalities. Turkey calls upon
Russia to withdraw her forces from the Principali-
ties beforo the expiration of 14 days, and this de-
mand was accompanied by a notification that if the
evacuation was not effected by the expiration of
that term, the Sultan would regard the continued
presence of the Russians as tantamount to a decla-
ration of war.

A private telegraphic dispatch announces the
arrival of the Chaptal at Marseilles. On the day
that vessel left Constantinople, the third declara-
tion of war had been posted up on the doors of all
the mosques. Omar Pasha had been instructed to
inform Prince Gortschakoff that he must evacuate
the Principalities. In case the Prince were to re-
ply that he must have the permission of his Go-
vernment, a delay not exceeding the time strictly
necessary for communicating with St. Petersburg
was to be granted to the Russians. In case of a
peremptory refusal on the part of the Prince, Omar
Pasha was instructed at once to commence hostili-
ties without, however, crossing the Danube.
The following is from the Paris . correspondent
of the Morning Chronicle, published in the second
edition of our contemporary this day :--" To-day
(Tuesday) the Cabinet couriers have arrived, bring-
ing the official dispatches. The subjoined details
are from the best sources, and I believe that I can
guarantee their authenticity. It was on the Ist
inst. that the Divan came to the resolution to
adopt vigorous measures against Russia, and the
following measures were determined on. In the
first place, the Sultan addressed a spirited pro-
clamation to his people, in which he appealed
to their loyalty and spirit of independence. The
document is of the most warlike character. Se-
condly, an appeal was addressed by the Sultan to
the Governments of England and France. In this
document the Sultan gives a detailed statement of
his case ; exposes the justice of the cause which the
Porte defends, and the necessity forced upon it to
resist the aggressions of the Czar ; and finishes by
demanding not only the moral but also the
material support of those Powers ; and, in the
third place, an official demand was addressed by
the Porte to the ambassadors of England and
France, for the passage of the fleets of the two
I nations through the Dardanelles, and their ap-
proach to Constantinople. At the same time that
these important measures were adopted, an order
was dispatched by the Government to Omer Pacha,
directing him to summon General Gortschakoff, the
Russian commander-in-chief, immediately to eva-
cuate the principalities, and to intimate to him
that, in the event of a refusal, he is instructed to
commence hostilities. If General Gortschakoff
should answer that his orders will not allow him
to do so without referring the question to his So-
vereign, Omer Pacha is directed to give reasonable
time for the reception of an answer from St. Pe-
tersburg. But if, on the contrary, General Gorts-
chakoff should at once and positively refuse to
evacuate the provinces, Omer Pacha is, in that
case, directed to commence hostilities, to the
extent of giving the Russians all the annoyance in
his power, burning their ships and boats on the
Danube, interrupting their communications, dze.
He is, however, speedily directed in no case
to pass the Danube without ;further orders.
From this it will be seen that the Government of
the Sultan has not only determined to defend the
independence of his dominions, but that, as the
refusal of General Gortschakoff is a matter of
certainty, the war may be considered as having
already commenced. It is important to remark
that this vigorous step has been adopted by the
Porte without reference to any support it might
look for on the part of its allies. In point of
fact, the whole of these proceedings were
adopted under the impression which has fo
some time past been prevalent in Constantinople,
that no dependence was to be placed on the support
of the Western Powers; for, at the time the Divan
met and resolved upon the declaration of war, it
was not known that the English andFrefich Govern-
ments were of opinion that the resistance of Turkey
to the Vienna note was legitimate, and that France
and England were determined to support her with
their fleets. It will be seen from the above that
there was no truth in the report brought from Vienna,
that the Sultan, in declaring war, had given the Rus-
sians a delay of four weeks to carry that operation
into effect. It also shows that there is not the
slightest foundation for the report that the frigates
which were anchored at Constantinople had been
sent back to Besika, for so important a fact would
evidently not have been omitted in the dispatches.
In fact, the Fury, on its way from Constantinople,
passed the Ardent, which was carrying the dis-
patches from the French and English ambassadors
to the admirals of their respective fleets, directing
them to advance to Constantinople."
Large stores of provisions, the presents of pa
triotidßussians, have been sent to the army in the
Principalities.

Prince Gortzchakoff is on the banks of the Danube
nspecting the troops.
The Patrie says that an insurrection has broken
out in Greece on the borders of Turkey.
The following is from the Press of Vienna, of the
7th :—" Reschid. Pasha has, it is said, declared in
a conference to the ambassadors of France and
England that the Sultan would be disposed to ac-

Ime. '.

copt the note of Vienna, purely and simply, orm Ale
following conditions :-1. The Czar to engage Flint:
self not to meddle for the future in the affair; s of
the Greek subjects of the Sultan ; the Sultan, on
his side, pledging himself to maintain intact t
he
existing rights of the Greek Church.-2. The Cz ax
to renounce all claim to any indemnity for the e x-
penses of the war.-3. The Emperor to engage to
withdraw without delay his troops from the Prith-.
cipalities, and at least the troops which occupy
Moldavia. In consequence of these overtures of
Resehid Pasha, the ambassadors of the Western
Powers, who have lately had frequent conferences
with the representatives of Austria and Prussift,
have sent off a courier to their respective goverr r
ments. Under these circumstances, it is not pri )-
bable that the war party will push the Porte to an I
decisive step before the arrival of the answers frof
the French and English governments."
The Turkish army at Schumla goes on increasing";
it is full of enthusiasm, but the want of good offi .-
cers is felt. The sanitary condition of the Turkish%
army is said to be excellent, but the Russian army'
in the principalities is still suffering much from
sickness and a want of provisions. Desertion i 5
said to be also very general. A Russian captains
and some soldiers were lately arrested in attemptin g
to cross over to the Turkish side of the river wit
their arms and baggage. The officer, it is FAO,
has poisoned himself, and the soldiers have bee 31
shot. The accounts from the principalities are vei
sad. Prince Stirbey having demanded from Prilli
Gortschakoff a sum on account of 60,000 ducats
(720,000 fr.), to pay the purveyors, the generad-ill-
chief returned no reply, but on the following cler
M. Haltchensky, the Russian consul-general, .sent
a note to Prince Stirbey, demanding the settler awl,
of the contribution for the Russian occupation 1 (33
1848-50, which the province will be obliged to 1 %AY'
A letter from Berlin, published in the Uni
says " that at Warsaw as well as at Olmutz, the
king of Prussia showed himself to be perfectly 'l%*
accord with the Emperors of Russia and of Ansi WO
in regard to the Turkish question. He has to sti
fled the greatest desire to see peace maintained, a"
the same time that he has expressed how much he,
was affected by what he calls the difficulties raise°.
by England and France. The new project of ar"
rangemont drawn up at Olmutz by M. de Buol,
received the adhesion of the king of Prussia, as
in case this project should be rejected by Engla/ ad
and France, the diplomatic conferences would
continued at Vienna. If in the struggle betwec
Turkey and Russia other Western Powers shout
intervene actively in favour of the Porte, no asto
nishment ought to be felt, adds the letter, i
Prussia should not maintain her neutrality."
A letter from Berlin of the Bth says :—" This
morning took place in the gardens of the palace
of Potsdam, a grand review in honour of the'
Emperor Nicholas. The princes of the royal--
family, the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-
Schwerin, and a numerous staff were present'
To-morrow the Emperor of Russia is to take his'
departure of his own states, passing by Konigs-
berg. His Majesty is accompanied by Count Pas--
kewitsch, Gen. d'ollenberg, and Gen. Benkendorit '
The Hereditary Grand-Duke did not come here
having gone directly from Warsaw to St. Peters
burg."
Letters from Brody (in Gallicia, on the Volll9
nian frontier,) state, that in consequence of 'tilt
severity with which recruiting has been carried 01:1!-
in the neighbouring Russian province, children 06'
being smuggled over the frontier in whole troops
by professional contrabandists, whose pay, hold-
ever, for their services frequently compels the sale
of the whole parental effects, and brings the entire
family over the frontier in a state of beggary, to be
out of the way of the consequences of their crime'
viz., the sending off their children. The families
thus hardly visited are mostly Jews of the lower,
class ; those who contribute to the taxes are spare"'
as much as possible ; but while the supply of re-
cruits in Russia is being alleviated as much as Fos'
sible to every other class, the Jews are being Ora
pelled to furnish their full quota of 10 in 1,000.

AUSTRIA.
On the 10th inst. the Emperor was to go ,
Munich. The granting of leave of absence to t"(
officers and privates of the army has been 011°.
pended.

ITALY.
Numerous political arrests are being
• ind
throughout the Austro-Italian provinces, and

pecialiy in the Venetian ones. the
The Genoa Gazette states from Naples, thaee
exportation of chestnuts has been prohibited tb
since the 21st ult. oe
The King of Naples has decreed that in cm' 0
quence of the appearance of the cholera all vel
arriving in the ports of the Kingdom of the be
Sicilies from London and the other ports of
': to
Thames, Newcastle, Rotterdam, and Odessa, (3
be subjected to a quarantine of 10 days in <!118.?
no death having occurred on the
passage, and silo!
has occurred
be refused admission in case any death

SPAIN.
Our accounts from Madrid are of the 6th inst.
The Minister of the Interior was preparing a'
number of important bills, which he intends t°
submit to the Cortes at the opening of the Session.
The Epoca says that a number of pardons sr°l
to be granted on the occasion of the Queen's bulled
day, and amongst them are to be persons impriWn
for political offences and for offences of the press.-
A letter says that the convocation of the Cortell
and the recal of General Narvaez, has taus
and that the Count de ~,
'
Luis,great saminitisfsatcetrioi ;
at War,
was preparing several r
portant measures for the Cortes one of them beitij
for a reformation of the Senate, which has be
degraded by the numerous nominations made LI
preceding Ministers.
The Three per Cents. were done at 43i •f' ti,,11.6'
New Three per Cents. at 221 ; the Debt,
First Class at 10 ; and that of the Second 'at 51'

DENMARK.
The Danish Diet was opened at Copenhagen
person by the King on the 4th inst. n.
The speech from the Throne was principally
fined to the proposed modifications in the funqif
mental law of the kingdom, to which his Maiesuip
begged the immediate and earnest attention a tr:i
Diet. This will be a preliminary step te03,0
uniting the several States under one uniform tt,
tem of Government.

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