The Sun.
London, England, 1853-12-19 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 19, 1853.

steamed to the next pier, bearing the appropriate
name of " Row," and subsequently went to
" Rowmore," and at each place levelled the ob-
structions to the earth. At length the irate
potentate went to law, and there his defeat has
been no less signal—the Judges having unani-
mously refused the interdict which he alaimed,
declaring that there was no law that prohibited a
steamer, or auy other vessel from sailing on the
Clyde, or entering Gareloch on Sundays more
than any other days. The Sabbath question was
thus summarily disposed of. The only point
deemed worthy of notice was that as to the per-
sonal right of the pursuer, and that, it appeared,
could not apply, even if well founded (on which
the Court pronounced no opinion). If his own
case was correct, the piers were places of public
resort, thrown open on payment of certain tolls
or dues, and he could not wantonly or capri-
ciously exclude persons willing to pay such tolls.
We trust that this unseemly litigation may now
be suffered to drop, and that Sir JAMES COL-
QuHouN and his advisers and abettors may rest
satisfied with henceforth acting in accordance
with their own views and opinions, whatever they
may be, without attempting to regulate the con-
sciences or control the actions of others just as
competent to form a correct judgment respecting
their duties as themselves. A display of greater
charity and forbearance might have a better effect
than all the bludgeonruen that could be ranged
along the shore in order to resist a landing.

MONEY MARKET

AND
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

CITY, TWO O'CLOCK.

The sales of cotton at Liverpool on Saturday
were lestimated at 6,000 bales, all to the trade.
The- market closed firmly, 'without alteration in
prices. The sales comprised 5,400 American, 200
Egyptian at qd. to 9d., and 400 Surat at 21d. to
40. per lb. Railway shares were firm.
The corn trade has been very brisk, and wheat is
3s. to 4s. dearer. Foreign buyers still operate
largely.
The letters by the steamer from New York have
not yet been delivered, but the outline of the news
is regarded as favourable.
There are no later advices from foreign parts,
with the exception of the Continent. The state of
business there, as usual about Christmas, is quieter.
The impolicy of giving a monopoly of railway
communication in India to one company we have
all along maintained, and
.the following remarks
by one who has recently travelled over the ground
will show the slow progress making, as well as the
importance of the Upper India line :
" From Calcutta to Delhi runs the Grand Trunk
Road, nine hundred miles long ; one of the few good,
though late, results of the East India Company's rule.
This journey I was to get over by Dawk travelling, and
my purpose now is to explain what manner of travelling
that is. Dawk travelling is no more like railway
travelling, than a donkey race is like the New-
market St. Leger. It is more suggestive of the
progress of Indian railways. They have a line at Bom-
bay something longer than its own name when it is
printed in large capitals ; Bengal can only show a very
few miles of embankment that have for the last two or
three years been nearly finished, and some cuttings
which sanguine people say will be available in about a
year ; Madras talks languidly about railways, and the
north-west provinces have got as far as thinking of them.
India has not yet even come up to the advancement of
our old pair-horse or four-horse coach. The traffic all
the way from Allahabad had been immense. The road
was in some places almost blocked up with trains of
waggons, strings of camels, carriages, and cattle of all
kinds."

The shareholders of the Dijon and Besancon
company are informed that the interest due Ist
January, 1854, fixed at 6f. 75c. per share, will be
payable after that date, on presentation of the
second coupon in Paris, at the offices of the com-
pany, 52, Rue Saitbout ; London, at Messrs. C.
Deveaux and Co., 62, King William-street, City.

The holders of obligations for the Paris and
Orleans Loan of 1852 are informed that the last
instalment of 100 francs, per obligation, less 7f.
50c., for interest, should be made on or before the
Ist January next, after which day interest will be
charged at 5 per cent. per annum.
Shareholders in the Lyons and Geneva are in-
formed, that interest at the rate of 4 per cent. per
annum will be paid at the offices, 2, Capel-court,
on and after the 6th of January next.
Certificates of shares must be deposited, to have
the interest stamped thereon.
There has been a firmer market for English
securities, but without an extensive business
doing. The principal dealings have been in New
Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents., which opened at
961, but have gone back upon a sale by the
broker, who usually acts for the Bank of England,
to 951. The price has since rallied again, and is
now better. The premium on Exchequer-bills is
flatter, at 2s. to ss. East India Bonds are par to 4s.
pm. There has been a bargain in Reduced Three
per Cents. at 94g. Consols, after being 94i, have
improved to 94g I.
The Foreign Securities have been very quiet, but
maintain their value. Spanish Three per Cents.
have been done at 461, and the New Deferred at
22. Mexican Stock has been quoted 24g : Bra-
zilian New Four-and-a-Half per Cents. have been
93k, Belgian Four-and-a-Half per Cents. are worth
96,. and Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents. have
been done at 98i- to 1.
The Railway Share Market has been without any
material feature, the prices being generally main-
tained for the English lines. The Belgian also are
firm.

Gold Mine Shares_ have been a little brisker at
the previous 'rates, and the Land Companies'
Shares are in favour. Oriental Bank are better.

Australian Consols Shares are " buyers" at .i per
share.

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From. th,e Olf,cial List.)

' -
Business done.
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 94s
New 31 per Cent. Annuities 951 61 5-1 6/
India Bonds, £lOOO
Ditto, under £lOOO par 4 p
Consols for Opening 18th Jan. 94i I a
Exchequer Bills, Id.
£1000
£5OO 2 5 p
Small 2 5 p
PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent. —
Ditto New, 1852, 4A per Cent .... 93i x d
Mexican 3 per Cent.
Russian Bonds, 1822, 5 per Cent. £ St
Ditto 4i per Cent 9Bl i
Sardinian Bonds, 5 per Cent 9l x d
Spanish Bonds, 3 per Cent 461
Spanish New Deferred, 3 per Cent. 22
Dividends on the above payable-in London.
Belgian Bonds 4 per Cent. ex. 25 fr
HALF-PAST TWO.
Consols for Opening 18th January 94i 1 x d

SOUTH AMERICA.

BUENOS AYRES, OCT. 23 ; Nov. 2. .

All the provinces of this river are tranquil, and the
doctrine of peace and industry is being followed through-
out the country. A great improvement in our social
position is already apparent—questions of conflicting in-
terests being discussed in the House of Representatives
and the public journals, fairly and openly, without any
Government interference or bias, or any popular commo-
tion on the other hand. Judicious measures must con-
sequently be the effect ; and certainly the Plate pro
vinces never promised so well, and we have the greatest
confidence in their growing importance both as respects
exports of produce and consumption of imports.
Our new Government stands as follows, viz. :
Dr. Dn. P. Obligada, Governor and Captain-General
of the Province.
Dr. Dn. Irinco Portela, Minister of Government.
Dr. Dn. Juan R. Pena, Minister of Finance.
Col. Dn. Man. Escalada, Minister of War.

The proposed reduction of duties are under discussion
in the Sala, and are all but certain of being carried.
Exchange, 68s. 6d. Doubloons, $3OO,

MONTE VIDEO, Nov. 3.

The change of Government and the revolution which
has taken place here were effected pacifically, the coun-
try in general making no opposition to thelnew state of
things. Prospects are gradually improving, and after
the elections are over at the end of November more
activity in business is looked for.
Exchange, 424.

THE UNITED STATES.

THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
The following are the important passages of the
First Message of President Pierce to the Congress
of the United States, convened at Washington,
on the sth December
Fellow-Citizens of the Senate, and of the House
of Representatives
The interest with which the people of the Republic
anticipate the assembling of Congress, and the fulfil-
ment, on that occasion, of the duty imposed upon a
new President, is one of? the best evidences of their ca-
pacity to realise the hopes of the founders of a political
system at once complex and symmetrical. While the
different branches of the Governrrient are, to a certain
extent, independent of each other, the duties of all,
alike, have direct reference to the source of power. For-
tunately, under this system, no man is so high, and
none so humble, in the scale of public station, as to
escape from the scrutiny, or to be exempt from the re-
sponsibility, which all official functions imply.
Upon the justice and intelligence of the masses, in a
Government thus organised, is the sole reliance of the
confederacy, and the only security for honest and earnest
devotion to its interests, against the usurpations and
encroachments of power on the one hand, and the as-
saults of personal ambition on the other.
The interest of which I have spoken is inseparable
from an inquiring, self-governing community, but
stimulated, doubtless, at the present time, by the un-
settled' condition of our relations with several foreign
Powers ; by the new obligations resulting from a sudden
extension of the field of enterprise ; by the spirit with
which that field has been entered, and the amazing
energy with which its resources for meeting the demands
of humanity have been developed.
Although disease, assuming at one time the charac-
teristics of a wide-spread and devaEitatine- pestilence, has
left its sad traces upon some portions of country, we
have still the most abundant cause for reverent thank-
fulness to God for an accumulation of signal mercies
showered upon us as a nation. It is well that a con-
sciousness of rapid advancement and increasing strength
' be habitually associated with an abiding sense of de-
pendence upon Him who holds in his hands the destiny
of men and of nations.
Recognising the wisdom of the broad principle of ab-
solute religious toleration proclaimed in our fundamental
law, and rejoicing in the benign influence which it has
exerted upon our social and political condition, I should
shrink from a clear duty did I fail to express my deepest
conviction that we can place no secure reliance upon any
apparent progress, if it be not sustained by national in-
tegrity, resting upon the great truths affirmed and illus-
treated by divine revelation. In the midst of our sorrow
for the afflicted and suffering, it has been consoling to
sea how promptly disaster made true neighbours of dis-
tricts and cities widely separated from each other, and
cheering to watch the strength of that, common bond of
brotherhood which unites all hearts, in all parts of this
union, when danger threatens from abroad, or calamity
impends over us at home.
Our diplomatic relations with foreign Powers have
undergone no essential change since the adjournment of
the last Congress. With some of them questions of a
disturbing character are still pending, but there are good
reasons to believe that these may all be amicably ad-
justed.
For some years past Great Britain has so construed
the first article of the convention of the 20th of April,
1818, in regard to the fisheries on the north-eastern
coast, so as to exclude our citizens from some of the
fishing grounds, to which they freely resorted for nearly
a quarter of a century subsequent to the date of that
treaty. The United States have never acquiesced in
this construction, but have always claimed for their
fishermen all the rights which they had so long enjoyed
without molestation. With a view to remove all diffi-
culties on the subject, to extend the rights of our fisher•
men beyond the limits fixed by the convention of 1818,
and to regulate trade between the United States and
the British North American provinces, a negotiation
has been opened, with a fair prospect of a favourable
result. To protect our fishermen in the enjoyment of
their rights, and prevent collision between them and
British fishermen, I deemed it expedient to station a
naval force in that quarter during the fishing season.
Embarrassing questions have also arisen between the
two Governments ii regard to Central America. Great
Britain has proposed to settle them by an amicable
arrangement, and our Minister at London is instructed
to enter into negotiations on that subject.
A commission for adjusting the claims of our citizens
against Great Britain, and those of British subjects
against the United States, organised under the conven-
tion of the Bth February last is now sitting in London for
the transaction of business.
It is in many respects desirable that the boundary line
between the United States and the British provinces in
the north-west, as designated in the convention of the
15th ofJune, 1846, and especially that part which sepa-
rates the territory of Washington from the British pos-
sessions on the north should be traced and marked. I
therefore present the subject to your notice.
With Franco our relations continue on the most
friendly footing. The extensive commerce between the
United States and that country might, it is conceived, be
released from some unnecessary restrictions, to the mu-
tual advantage of both parties. With a view to this
subject some progress has been made in negotiating a
treaty of commerce and navigation.
Independently of our valuable trade with Spain, we
have important political relations with her, growing out
of our neighbourhood to the islands of Cuba and Porto
Rico. I am happy to announce, that since the last
Congress no attempts have been made by unauthorised
expeditions within the United States, against either of
those colonies. Should any movement be manifested
within our limits, all the means at my command
will be vigorously exerted to repre-s it. Several annoy-
ing occurrences have taken place at Havannah, or in the
vicinity of the island of Cuba, between our citizens
and the Spanish authorities. Considering the proximity
of that island to our shores, lying as it does in the track
of trade between some of our principal cities, and the
suspicious vigilance with which foreign intercourse, par-
ticularly that with the United States, is there guarded,
a repetition of such occurrences may well be apprehended.
As no diplomatic intercourse is allowed between our
consul at Havannah and the Captain-General of Cuba,
ready explanations cannot be made, or prompt redress
afforded, where injury has resulted. All complaint on the
part of our citizens, under the present arrangement, must
be, in the first place, presented to this Government, and
then referred to Spain ; Spain again refers it to her local
authorities in Cuba for investigation, and postpones an
answer till she has heard from those authorities. To
avoid these irritating and vexatious delays, a proposition
has been made to provide for a direct appeal for redress
to the captain-general by our consul, in behalf of our
injured fellow-citizens. Hitherto, the Government of
Spain has declined to enter into any such arrangement.
This course on her part is deeply regretted ; for, without
some arrangement of this kind, the good understanding
between the two countries may be exposed to occasional
interruption. Our Minister at Madrid is instructed to
renew the proposition, and to press it again upon the
consideration of her Catholic Majesty's Government.
For several years Spain has been calling the attention
of this Government to a claim for losses, by some of her
subjects, in the case of the schooner Amistad. This
claim is believed to rest on the obligations imposed by
our existing,- treaty with that country. Its justice was
admitted, in our diplomatic correspondence with the
Spanish Government, as early as March, 1847 ; and one
of my predecessors, in his annual message of that year,
recommended that provision should be made for its pay-
ment. In January last it was again submitted to Con-
gress by the executive. It has received a favourable
consideration by committees of both branches, but as yet
there has been no final action upon it. I conceive that
good faith requires its prompt adjustment, and I present
it to your early and favourable consideration.
Martin Koszta, a Hungarian by birth, came to this
country in 1850, and declared his intention, in due form
of law, to become a citizen of the United States. After
remaining here nearly two years, he visited Turkey.
While at Smyrna he was forcibly seized, taken on board
an Austrian brig of war, then lying in the harbour of
that place, and there confined in irons, with the
avowed design to take him into the dominions of
Austria. Our consul at Smyrna and legation at Con-
stantinople, interposed for his release, but their efforts
were ineffectual. While thus imprisoned, Commander
Ingraham, with the United States ship of war St. Louis
arrived at Smyrna, and, after inquiring into the circum-
stances of the case, came to the conclusion that Koszta
was entitled to the protection of this Government, and
took energetic and prompt measures for his release.
Under an arrangement between the agents of the United
States and of Austria he was transferred to the custody
of the French consul-general at Smyrna, there to remain
until he should be disposed of by the mutual agreement of
the consuls of the respective Governments at that plade.
Pursuant to that agreement he has been released, and is
now on his way to the United States. The Emperor
of Austria has made the conduct of our officers
who took part in this transaction a subject
of grave complaint. Regarding Koszta as still
his subject, and claiming a right to seize him
within the limits of the Turkish empire, he has de-
manded of this Government its consent to the surrender