The Sun.
London, England, 1854-08-11 00:00:00

AWE 4IA L PARLIAMENT.

GENERAL STEAM NAVIGATION
COMPAN Y.
Incorporated by Act of Parliament.
71, Lombard-street, London.
Notice is Hereby Given, That the Half-yearly General Meeting of
the Proprietors of this Company will be held at the Company's Office,
71, Lombard-street, on Tuesday, the 29th instant, at Two o'Cl-:ck pre-
cisely, pursuant to the Acr of Parliament, to transact the usual busi-
ness, and to declare the Dividend for tho half-yea:- ending the 30th
June, 1854, MARTIN PRATT, Secretary.
London, August 1, 1854.

CUSTOMS BILL.
This bill was read a second time.
THE WAR AND OUR ALLIANCES.
The Marquis of CLARICARDE (who spoke very in-
audibly) said he now rose pursuant to the notice he bad
given, to make some observations on the important sub-
ject of the state of the war in which the country was
engaged, and to endeavour to obtain from the noble earl
the Secretary for Foreign Affairs some further informs-
Von with regard to the alliances into which we had either
directly or indirectly entered with foreign powers. He
was not about to take any retrospect of the causes of
the war ; but before he made any observations relating
to the subject of the war, he wished to notice shortly
some attacks which had been made partly in Parliament
and partly out of doors on those persons who had
thought it right to criticise the conduct of the war,
either by commanders abroad or by the Government
at home, which employed the forces sent out fur the
f
eir
opinions, but of that he took no account ; that was
beingpurpo purposes
actuated
ttehde
by personal
S uch
motivespe rsons
ihna d
expressing been accused
h
what all public men, and the best public men, were sub-
ject to, and must make up their minds to-it, and the
persons who made criticisms on the conduct of the
war in their places in Parliament were not neces-
sarily to be supposed to be less patriotic or zealous
in the cause of their country than those who supported
all the measures of all commanders and all govern-
ments. To suppose that no such criticisms were to
be made was absurd and unreasonable, was opposed
to constitutional precedent, to common sense, and
Parliamentaryswwtbwfbwtouhoeeeeaerepsrrrstswpceehe
vooenorrnraafrotetynrnwiopl
ietniofniParliamentary
Parliament
only
nml
yeu sage. It had always been thought
ntthteo
epornilymileengteobnutthtehemedaustoyreoaf
tmakemeo-
y.:4aa
,transni war,
roonsaer:sdrao,
tnwtinaahewnit
zeal,et
dawhc
roaoti
a uthrel
ashsdosreaor
dfrswiteatnhhanhyaseics
tsehi ttnncahßciokaneudeetr
sincerity,
wtntumyirebhny,
ic.allßepublic, and
Pr;
hwneeiti theduring
opposed :mgtnaghagnoe engaged acnntnegeotCadaefiordrwriof. that nation with which we were now
regardph aitptp di l
eytr
oii ne
tghael
thelisaunbacjdeei
eoßi
fe uat
rt hor
nawt
ehwfi
cahms
btr he. eeAncdt conduct
pn op, fr
approved.
et Mr
ct
and
mviheaicehurbersookoenoeuet indlBo3 ? With regard to the two
fence of the country, as
contained
nd p
the other, which was to
providethew
iaerth—tehtemh aemtanfioalirtfitoohreßcdailrel.:
aying -on the war, the income
tax, he took exceptions to
both of them. With regard to
the income tax, he moved
an amendment to the
arrann
ellis,ohl.lauettiwot
ne proposing it, and di-
vided upon it; and, although
he was beaten, yet so great
theis
that the
rlncomee
nThayx
Mr.liwialBl wi
,nn flt
and
dhn
yetieael te ntr
he di:se
who
now
assailedventured to criticise
as if they
the conduct of the war were
were not willing to grant the
nteowthergparneissean on
of the
twhoeuldmiesaisy
it
time Parliament
however, to the object of his motion, supplies. Passing,
try with o
f regard
War, toth a
tt the
up
had received no information which would
them to understand what departmental change e n ahbalrei
been made. It was true that the Secretary for
War had been relieved of the charge of the colonies,
but what were his actual functions or responsibilitie;
was not yet known to Parliament, and they knew no.
thing except that the conenimsariat had been placed in
his department. He (Lord Clanricarde) had heard that
that change had been made with satisfaction. Nothing
could he more absurd than that the commissariat should
be placed in the department of the Finance Alini,ter, who,
with his multiforious duties, could little afford to attend
to that branch of hie department. The duties of a co-
THE POLYTECHNIC.--.At this institution
riment of a beautiful kind, the invention ,ofa new expo- missariat were certainly divinable into t rnwo great heads,
a French The first head embraced those of its duties which were
philosopher, is now exhibited. consists in the illu- especially military, tnat is to say, the furnishing of pro-
mination of the interior of a jet of water, emitted hori- visions and stores for the troops in a campaign, and
zontallY, and falling in a curve. The light, which is of
great briiliai.cy, and produced by alvanic matters of a similar nature for those on home service.
g agency, is But it was also the business of the commissariat to
applied at the back of the jet. It seems to be wholly provide for the payment of such provisions, and so on,
absorbed, and bent out of its natural rectilinear direc- and it was his duty to supervi-e the bills drawn on the
tion by the falling stream of water, every part of which Treasury for such payments—a duty which ought to be
it renders perfectly luminous. Even the glass vessel divided from the rest of its duties. It was not known
into which the stream falls is occasionally illuminated. how this was arranged, but still he thought that the
By placing various coloured glasses between the light turning over of the c ommissariat to the department of
and the water, the jot is made to assure tho most beau- the Minister for War was a good operation, and he
tiful knetb
fitted I.4at rodiameat would hue Rola an explq24..

CAUTION.—As many mercenary Drturgigts are vending an inferior
trtiele, Purchrvers are regu,sted to observe, that SAL NON, ODY,
& CO , 292, Strand, Lon on, is marked upon the Leather Case.
Sold by one or more Druggists in every City and Principal Town
In the Milted KingArn

PRESERVE HEALTH. -A BATH with
JENS.P.:N'S MARINE S \LT is far superior to any known
,ea bath tor the delicious buoyancy and freshness. it imparts to the
~\:stetn. Recommended by Dr. Andrew (Ire, F &c. 6d. and

Is. per packvt Mein g, 103, Leadenliall—treet. and 213 A, Picea-
; Bridges, 270, Regent-eireus,Oxtord-street ; and at all Chemists
and Rohs.

%z I
PORTNGandEXCURSIONS
establishmentstand is as
efficient in one department as another. Il'hatever is professed is
fulfil ed with the create t coiTectliess, ability, and economy.
Throuvh a I elas,.es of society it is well known that E 110sES and
SON have the most systeal of trade ev.-r introduced. and it
is everyc here acknowledged that it secures the biist quality, the inns'
artisiic fit, and the most com ortable wear in every description of
For extraordinary occasions, when special dress is required, the
establishment of E. MosFs and SON, and their ei".'est-end branch, New
Oxford s rest, and Hart-street, is mediately res-rted to, as the
stock is well known.tii be the largest, ne -vest, and mo-t fashionable.
The sportsman will obtain the Coats, Vests, Trousers, Hosiery, Hats,
Caps. Boots, &c., at E MOSES and N'S Khich are universally cele-
brated for ca-c, elegance, and durability.
Eseursiiinist-i, Ladies. and Gentlemen, are provided with the most
seasonable articles of attire for tray. !ling and appearance in places
of fit,hionable resort
Busbies. !nen are furnished with the most elegant and the lightest
dress which has ever been manufactured, at prices which render
competition futile.
All ar 'cies manufactured by E. Moses and SON excel ns much in
style, n why, am' supe. lority, as they do in the application of eco-
namical prices to every kind of dynes.
Men:ll,m., Exporters, and Emigrants may make the most profit-
able Investments in the Clothing, Shirts, Boo's and Shots, exhibited
in the whliosale den mtment of E. OPEC and Sores establishment.
Full LISTS of OUTFITS for Ladies and Gentlemen, with ship,
galling information, gratis on application, or post tree.
CAUTION —E. atoaE.s Ann SUN regret having to guard the
againv t imposition, having learned that the untradesman-like
fah, h oi of " Being connected with their Establishment," or " It's
the same concern." has been resorted to in many instances, and for
obvious reasons, they beg to state that they have
No CONNEXION WITH ANY OTHER HOUSE IN OR OUT OF LONDON,
except their own Establishments, as follows :
London City Establishment, 154, 155. 156, and 157, Minories, 84,
85, and 85, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating.
London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-street, 1,2,
and 3, Hart-street, all commuicating.
Bradford (Yorkshire) Branch, 19 and 20, Bridge-street.
Sheffield Branch, 36, Fargate.
Colonial Wholesale Branch, Melbourne, Australia.
Merchant fano.. Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and
Shoe Makers, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen.
IMPORTANT.—ShouId any aftl6l6 not give s'atisfaction, It will be
exchanged if desired, or, if preferred, the money will be returned
without hesitation. All goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest
price, from which no abatement can be made.
The Establishments are closed from sunset on Fridays to sunset
on Saturdays, when business is resumed till 12 o'clock.
A new Book, with illustrations, entitled" The Echo of Public Opi-
nion," containing rail lists of prices, our system of self-measure-
ment, &c., &c., may be had on application, or post-tree.
lei l'on pane Francais. Qui si parla Italian°.
Idler snricht man Deutsch. Aaus sa ha
Keriano.

RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS.

LIVERPOOL, AUG. 10.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The following were the sales
Aberdeen, 12 ; Caledonian, 32; North British, ; South-
Eastern, 19 13-16 Eastern Counties, 13$ ;'Lancashire and
Yorkshire, 69 ; Liverpool, Crosby, and Southport, 14
London an.l North-Western, 1051 5 ; Manchester, Shef-
field, and Lincoln, 24i s}; Midland, 68; York, Newcastle,
and Berwick, 19 ; Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln,
Quarter Pref. Shares (No. 1), 74.

MANCHESTER, AUG. 10.
STOm EXCHANGE.—We have had a stronger market,
and prices closed rather higher. The sales of the morning
were :—Eastern Counties, 13 5-16 ; Leeds, 68i 9; West
Riding, 4 dis. ; Caledonian, 31i; Blackburn, Pref., 20;
Sheffield, 24i 4 ; Dover, 19i 13-16 ; Midland, 68.

tion of the new organisation of the war department as
would show that security had been taken for its effi-
ciency, economy, and especially for its responsibility,
all responsibility being now much .divided. He would
not carry this question, which had been so often dis-
cussed both in and out of Parliament, further, but he
he would say, that although war was declared in
March, it was not till May that the public was aware
that any change was to take place in the war department.
He wished next to state his regret that the blockades of
the enemy's country were not so effective as to injure
their trade and commerce to such an extent as might
have been expected from the great armaments which had
been sent out. He could not understand why the
blockade of the White Sea and Archangel was not en-
tered into till the first of August. A great part of the
commerce of Russia had its outlet in she ports of that
sea. The Baltic blockade, though commenced somewhat
lete. was certainly not without effect. The operations
of Russia in that sea had been entirely stopped, and the
revenue to be derived from customs duties in her sea-
ports there had been suspended. That was undoubtedly
no slight operation or advantage. But though the trade
of Russia in that sea had been stopped, yet there were
great facilities for carrying it on still open in the lower
part of that empire; and although much had been done
by the blockade to stop the revenue of the Government
of Russia, yet it had not been so effectual with regard to
the trade of the people of Russia. He stated that as a
fact which could not be deniO,,and as a proof of it he
would state that the prices of Russian produce had not
been sensibly raised in our markets since February
last. He admitted that prices at that time were
not peace prices ; but if prices of Russian produce
had not sensibly risen since then in this country,
it showed that the suplily had not been stopped.
More than that ; as,, regarded the produce of the
countries on the Black Sea"; it was a fact within
his own knowledge that the articles of produce from that
part of Russia were now at lower prices in the markets
of London than they were two months ago. It was a
(act within his own knowledge that a contract for the
supply of linseed from the Sea of Azoff, was at alo werrate
than was charged two months ago. If that was so, not-
withstanding the despatches of any admirals or any cap-
tales, there could not bean effectual blOckade of the Black
Sea. He made these remark:i withA View to the future,
for he could see no visible end of the war till you brought
the war and the losses the war carried with it to bear on
the people of Russia. It was a mistake to say that there
was no public opinion in Russia. There was a public
opinion, and one which was much dreaded by the Go-
vernment. It was a public opinion which was not often
or easily roused ; when it was roused, it acted in a man-
ner at which tile Government was much frightened.
(Hear, and a laugh.) He would now approach another
tonic, and he would frankly say that he thought there
had been remissness on the part of the Government.
He alluded to the much vexed question of the supply of
gun-boats. It was no answer to say that unprofes-
sional people were not qualified to give an opinien on a
subject about which they could know nothing ; for there
were facts connected with it which were easily to be dealt
with by the rules of common sense, and any person exer-
cising his common sense was able to judge of them.
There were two great facts that could not be denied.
Firstly, that neither of the fleets, and especially the Baltic
a
fleet, were eueplied with steam gunboats, by which he
meant vessels drawing four or five feet of water, and car-
rying heavy armaments. There was also another fact
they would if the fleetshve
had l
h
wlicheecnoueledpnpolied tbewdiethniseude,
hangdotehhaotawteas.
been eminently useful. However questions on that sub-
ject might have been met by taunts and ridicule, it had
never been denied that the fleets had not been supplied
with gunboats, or that such gunboats would have been
eminently useful. Let him recall to their lordships' re-
collection what had occurred the other day in the recon-
naissance before Boinarsund (where he hoped our ships
were at this moment triumphant) by the ships of the
squadron employed in that set vice..; The statement he
was about to make was made on the highest authority.
The squadron consisted of four large 60-gun screw ships,
the Valorous and another steam frigate. At five in the
morning the vessels weighed and stood in for Bomar-
sund. At a quarter to six the Valorous signalled that
she was aground, and she remained aground till a quar-
ter to ten. At three o'clock another went aground, and
it was some time before they were got off. Now, had
there been vessels ahead of light draft of water, all this
would have been prevented ; and if such vessels had been
armed with heavy guns, it would have been easy with the
assistance of the squadron to have shelled the fort. (The
noble marquis proceeded to refer to the range of long guns
and bombs, but in so low a tone that only an occasional
word reached the gallery.)• Mortars and bombs would
carry and had been worked efficiently at a distance of 5,000
yards, and it was common sense that in a war of bombard-
ment which this was, if you had twenty or thirty vessels
armed with long guns and bombs carrying shot and shell
to that distance, its the lone run no stone walls could
stand against-tlaem. They all knew that in the Mores,
in the war against Ibrahim Pasha, the forts and castles
were shelled and the works destroyed by our mortars
and long guns, while our own vessels were kept wholly
l
out of range of the enemies' guns, and not a man was ; and was it not evident that in a sea abounding
with shoals, with 'numerous rivers debeuehing into it,
that vessels of a light draught of water, and carrying
ad-
vantage to the fleet ? But it had been said tauntingly
heavy armaments, must be of the greatest possible
in answer why don't you who talk so much about these
vessels show us how we are to build vessels which will
carry such heavy armaments, and at the same tine draw
so little water as to allow of their being used in shallows
and rivers ? Tins argument; I else aware, has been ad-
vaneed by persons of professional knowledge, who bring
the weight of their authority to bear against those who
a Ivance opinions upon theee matters unsupported by
profeisional experience ; but when that authority is
passed, as it has been, in the face of notorious facts, I
think it only betrays the ignorance and inexperience of
the party, be he professional or not, who brings it for-
ward. I state as a fact which no one can contradict
that there are at this moment, or at all events there
dnthroeaty, w frwmom eorree
were a few months ago, no less than five steamers
plying on the rivers of Upper California that could
t hetef h
angoar te uatrtrel
rr e ofd fd r
or
rhe the
fourh tw a
tt
he f Fye t t
ehooefeyi
dwn aanvt
eei gtr a
pt ee ]
f. Its,
sibly pass the bars, and the (pitfalls of the rivers, and
these boats drawing only from three to four feet of water
carried from 80 to 100 tons of merchandise and 30 to 60
passengers every day, ascending the rives with this bur-
den at the rate of 104 and descending at the rate of
about 16 miles an hour. When they found these boats
there, why were they to be told it was impossible to
build boats to carry a little weight and drawing a 1
little less water than those now`.'n use ? Nor let him be
told that such boats would not be fit to navigate the
open sea when it was a notorious fact that the beats he
had alluded to navigated the bay of Sem Francisco,
which was 80 miles in extent, and where there was often
than
av eeryl2h
teearvi sieeaelreudni
including
nege.
heavy guns, such as he propoeed, would not weigh more
thatß uStirhecj,d
they found vessels drawing between 3 or 4 feet carrying
rtiAagne:ainidantlecilealeo, fatiiwdowlhoneng
upwards of 100 tons, there could murder be real difficulty
other the case. He had referred to this nebecause in they i
other house there had been topicprodsicedb an hon. and
gallant officer connected with the Goverynment letters
and extracts from despatches of the admirals coirmand-
ing our fleets in the Baltic, which it would have been
extremely painful to hear or read, if it could be sup-
aidrlenset
posed that they afforded a fair sample of the whole
home to the Government that the fortress of the
Napierbe i believe o,
wrotenor
enemy was impregnable, and that with the 'fine fleet 1
tdei
dn otuhre of
publicth e d des
believe,
lei
et etches; s
he had under his command he
was able to do com-
paratively nothing. The public believed, and he . be-
lieved, that in these letters and despatches Sir Charles
Napier pointed out that there were
particular points in!
deficient, and t
which the fleet was hat he anplied to have
deficiencies supplied, explainin
those
g at the same time
that the reason the fleet was not enabled to act as be
wished it to act, was that he had not the appliances
which he considered necessary, and for which be asked.
He said nothing of the indiscretion of rnakieg
n such state-
mattermentspublicly in Parliament, but he referred to the
because, in some respects, it justified his again
intruding upon their lordships' attention upon this sub-
ject. Then, with respect to the.m 1111.1.ances and confede-
racies to which he had referred his • notice of motion
G M
as having been entered into between her„..e Majesty'
no s obleverfriend would not thinnment and other Gov
kerhimeeth
-tte hoped his
particularly curious,
when he said that he thought before Parliament rose
they ought to have before them a copy of the treaty, to which he had alluded on previousorte occaeion, entered
into between Austria and the Porte. That treaty was
concluded on the 14th June, h e believed, at Constanti-
nople,
under our auspices. He believed it was notorious
. - r t were reluctant to allow an
that the Turkish Governme
Austrian army to enter the Danubian provinces and it
was a matter of fact—it r to them officially—l
that the Servian neat Govern protested ahem
the occu-
Auetrian force. They had the
pation of Servia by an
document in which that protest was embodied on the
table, and an admirable document it was---well orth
their lordships' attention. It was where
were notorious that there
were many reasons why the Turkish Government should
not be anxious to allow an Austrian occupation of the
principalities, however anxious she might be to have the
assistance of that great military poepawn
in carrying on
the war. But the question was, did Austria by this
occupation assist Turkey inn carrying on the war ? That
h he wished to obtain information
was the point on which
from his noble friend. He wanted to know what were
the words upon which the Government relied, that *es.
tria would co-operate not for her own )bjects merely,
but for our objects, in the war in which we were en-
gaged, and that she would not take up a position which
would render her arbitress, as far as the principalities
were concerned, of the ie,ue of the war. There was
somethiog strange in the langaaee of the treaty, and
the manner of carrying out. It was signed on the
14th of June, and up to this moment, so far as they knew, no Austrian soldier had crossed into Wallachia.
He begged to be understood as throwing no blame upon
Austria in this respect. She had a perfect right to pur-
sue her own policy. She was a great power, and
doubtless had great objects in view. He would only
say that he hoped these objects were honest ; but she
had a. perfect right to conceal her policy if she thought
At. Ilia eNe§tio4 for their lordships, how®y :Fah

HOUSE OF LORDS—(YESTERDAY.)
The house met at four o'clock.
ROYAL COMMISSION.
The Royal assent was given by commission to the fol-
lowing,. bills :—Publie Revenue and Consolidated Fund
Charges (No. 2) ; Burials Beyond the Metropolis ; Land
Assessed and Income Taxes ; Spirits (Ireland) ; Youth-
ful Offenders ; Valuation of Lands (Scotland) ; Usury
Laws Repeal ; Court of Chancery ; Friendly Societies
Acts Continuance ; Benefices Augmentation ; Stamp
Duties ; Marriages (Mexico) ; Crime and Outrage (Ire-
land) ; Standard of Gold and Silver Wares ; Inclosure,
&c., of Lands ; Parochial School Maters Scotland) ;
National Gallery, &c., (Dublin ; Merchant Shipping ;
Town's Improvement (Ireland) ; Duchy of Cornwall
Office ; Public HeaPh ; Bribery ; Bourne's (Mowbrick
Partition) Estate ; Bradford Giehe Lands and Vicarage
Trust Estate ; Baron De L'lsle and Dudley's Estate ;
Worsley's Estate ; Legh's Estate.
The Lords Commissioners were the Lord Chancellor,
the Duke of Argyll, and Earl Granville.
MONUMENT TO THOMAS CAMPBELL.
Lord CAMPBELL said he was requested by the
executors of one of our greatest poets—Thomas Camp-
bell—to put a question to the Prime Minister as to the
statute proposed to be erected in Westminster Abbey, to
that distinguished man of genius. Ten years had elapsed
since he had the honour of being present at the funeralof
the poet, when the Earl of Aberdeen, Sir Robert Peel,
Lord John Russell, and many other il!ustrious men
in the country did homage to the than. After the inter-
ment of his ashes in 'Westminster Abbey, a subscription
was set on foot, at the head of which appeared the name
of the Queen, for a statue to be placed in the abbey. At
the funeral the executors paid 731. ss. 2d. for the grave,
and 71. 7s. for putting the name upon the stone. When
the statue was finished, application was made to the
Dean and Chapter to allow its erection, but they de-
manded a sum of 2101. for the two feet square of ground
which would be occupied by the pedestal. The executors
had no means of paying this sum, as all their funds were
exhausted, and the consequence was that the statue had
remained in the studio of the artist for five years. He
thoughtit was disgraceful that such a demand should be
made, especially as grants had been voted to the abbey
for keeping it in repair. He wished to know if the
Government would promise to make representations to
to the authorities of the abbey on the subject?
The Earl of ABERDEEN entirely sympathised with
the noble and learned lord in his feelings towards the
distinguished person to whom he alluded, but the de-
mands of the dean and chapter, though they seemed
extravagant, were necessary to maintain that glorious
fabric, Westminster Abbey, for there were no funds for
that purpose beyond what they obtained in this way ;
and he suggested that admirers of departed genius should
contribute to the expense of erecting monuments to
them, and he (Lord Aberdeen) should be, for one, most
ready to cnntrihut.e to such a fund.
RUSSIAN GOVERNMENT SECURITIES BILL.
On the motion of Earl FORTESCUE, this bill was
read a third time and passed.
The Militia (Ireland) Bill, the Militia Ballots Suspen-
sion Bill, the Militia Pay Bill, and the Midland Great
Western Railway of Ireland Bills, were severally read a
third time and passed.
SECOND COMMON LAW PROCEDURE (1854)
BILL.
The Commons' amendments to this bill were, after a
few remarks from the Lord Chancellor proposing amend-
ments in the clauses, considered and agreed to, on the
understanding that the subject should be more fully con-
sidered next session.
CONSOLIDATED FUND APPROPRIATION
BILL.
On the motion for the second reading of the Consoli-
dated Fund Appropriation Bill.
Lord MON'TEAGLE said it was believed there was a
serious difference of opinion on questions of finance be-
tween her Majesty's Government and the Bank of Eng-
land. Now, as these differences of opinion concerned
the nation at large, he had been induced to put a ques-
tion to the Government on the subject. He had put a
question to the Government in June last, in reference to
the litigation with the Bank on the subject of deficiency
bills, which had not been answered on the ground of the
circumstances then pending. Two months bad now
elapsed, and he thought that an answer ought to be
given. Ho did not regret the liberality with which
the country had come forward with supplies, because
he thought it was indicative of confidence in the Go-
vernment, but wishing for more information, he now
desired to know whether Government would lay such
papers on the table as would serve to put the public
in possession of the whole subject-matter. It was
satisfactory to . find that the additional 5,000,0001.
placed at the disposal of Government was to be sub-
ject to the salutary control which was applied to the
issue of public money from the Treasury. He wished to
ask whether Government and the governors of the Bank
had come to an understanding with respect to their re-
lative rights, and if so, what that understanding was ?
Earl 'GRANVILLE said the noble lord's question
had reference to the question put to him on the 2d of
June, and cn that occasion he stated that some differ-
ence of opinion had occurred between the Chancellor of
the Exchequer and the Bank of England, but that as tl,e
differences were somewhat of a private nature, it was i
not usual, except under peculiar circumstances, to pro-
duce the correspondence to Parliament. There had
been some differences of opinion between the Chancellor
of the Exchequer and the governor of the Bank of Eng-
land. These differences had been referred to the officers
of the Crown, and he had no other answer to give now
to the noble lord's question. The question had been re-
ferred to the, Crown law officers, they had been pressed
for a reply frequently, but they were not yet prepared
to give any official opinion. As soon as it was given he
would give Parliament and the country the earliest in,
formation on the subject.

what was to 'be our policy—how far we were wise in
agreeing to the treaty, and • what • was the security
we had that it would be carried out ?. In the first place
Austria engaged by that treaty to endeavour, by all
means in her power, to obtain the evacuation of the
Danubian Principalities hy 'the Russian forces, and if ne-
cessary to ernply force to compel that evacuation ; and
she engaged also to restore the Principalities as soon as
a treaty of peace should have been concluded securing
the integrity of the Turkish empire. Austria might, in
concert with Prussia, have the utmost possible induce-
ments for desiring that the Czar should withdraw his
troops. When Russia refused to obey the summons to
evacuate he should, have thought that Austria would
have moved at once. But she had not done so, and the
'question was—Why had she not? It appeared to him
that her conduct could only be explained by the suppo-
sition that she had in view her own particular objects.
His belief was that Austria would not move until Russia
had moved, and that we should never get Austria to
co-operate cordially with us in our objects as our ally
in this war. It would be observed that this power
to enter the Principalities was given . to Austria
under this treaty, without any declaration of war
being necessary on her part against Russia. The
probability was that she would not allow any of her
soldiers to combat the forces •of Russia. She would
enter the Principalities, but only to place her forces
between a retreating army and the victor, and main-
tain by means of a powerful army an armed neutrality,
or if she pleased an armed intervention. What security
had they that this would not be the course of Austria 1
They must consider what were the objects of Austria.
It was no triumph of Our diplomacy if she now entered
-and occupied those provinces, though he admitted that
her assistance would be ;Try valuable if it could be de-
pended upon. But was it to promote our objects that
She interfered to stop the advance of the Turkish army I
No such thing; but the occupation of the Principalities
was as much an object to Austria as to Turkey. Ho
.did not mean an object of possession ; but what he
3neant was, this, that if Russia took permanent posses.
sion of the Principalities, the injury to Germany, and
to the. Austrian army in particular, which would result
from the occupation by the Czar of both banks of the
Danube, would be far greater than the injury to Turkey.
True, the result in one case would be that the Ottoman
empire would lose aTmrtidn'of its territory ; but in a
military point of view, and commercially in a still
greater degree, Germany would be infinitely more in-
jured. Here, then, they had an explanation of the
object that Austria had in view, in desiring that
Russia should not possess the Principalities ; and, as
she could not view with indifference the entrance
of an allied army into them, no wonder that she
evinced a readiness to occupy them herself the
I inure especially as she could do so and maintain an
armed intervention without being in hostility to any
country. For the cause of the war, or the injustice of
Russian aggression against Turkey, he believed she cared
nothing. The claims of the Czar he believed were wholly
untenable; but when the war began his avowed object
was not the possession of the Principalities, but• entire
power over all the Christian subjects of the "sick man"
in the first instance, that he might be evoked hereafter
to take possession of the "sick man's" house. That was
the protection that Russia claimed over Turkey, and
when we entered into the struggle our, object was not
the mere evacuation of the Principalities by Russia, but
to secure, in the first instance, the independence and in-
tegrity of the Ottoman empire ; and, in the second, to
secure the peace of Europe by preventing the recurrence
of similar acts of aggression fur the future. Such were
the objects of the people of both England and France,
and such were the objects which had been declared by
the ministers of both countries. The war in which we
were engaged was, he believed, generally admitted to be
a war of civilisation against barbarism. It was a war in
which the interests of all Europe were involved, and
could not terminate until we obtained material guaran-
tees that the Czar would never again advance similar
claims. (Hear.) Austria, however, had never taken
this view of the case.. All she did by the treaty of Con-
stantinople was to provide that, supposing the Principa-
lities evacuated, peace should be treated for on the basis
of the status quo, and if these conditions were refused,
then he feared we should be brought into conflict with
the German Powers. Should such be the result, seeing
that we had justice on our side, and that we were en-
gaged in supporting the cause of civilisation against bar-
barism—in the defence of a weak power against the un-
justifiable aggression of a strong neighbour—he was not
afraid to say that if those powers should be found leagued
against England and France they would fail. We might
safely look for assistance against the dishonesty of the
Governments in the feelings of the people. We had
suffered much from this alliance. At the commence-
' merit of the war it had been the means of preventing
Omer Paella from facing the then comparatively insig-
nificant army of Gortschakoff, which, according to the
Opinion of Omer Pacha himself, must have been defeated
by the overwhelming force which he could have brought
to bear against it. Then, from the same cause, the de-
claration of war by England and France was delayed,
and a further advantage given to Russia. Every per-
son who had seen the Turkish army had described it as
one of the finest in Europe. It was stated that the sol-
diers, for patriotism, courage, and endurance, were
worthy to comp to with those with whom they were
now combined. But it was f .und that the weak point
of the Turkish army was in its officers. The weak point
being known it might have been remedied. Officers
were to be had of the right sort, men who knew the
country, and who were capable in every respect; but,
out of respect to the German powers, the Sultan was not
permitted to employ them, and for a:considerable time,
and that time one when vigorous action was of the
greatest importance, he was obliged to decline the ser-
vices of European officers. Such was the result of the
Austrian alliance up to this time. He knew not on
what grounds the Government relied on the cordial co-
operation of Austria now—not on Austrian subjects
merely, but on the subjects of civilised Europe, and
therefore it was that he hoped that his noble friend
would, before the close of the session, be enabled to lay
before the hointe such correspondence and communica-
tions as would explain the grounds which the Government
had for relying upon Austrian good faith. Referring to the
blockade of the Russian ports in the Euxine, the noble lord
said that he had not thought it right to say anything in the
way of blame, nor did he wish to allude to the dashing
exploit performed the other day by the Russian steamer
Vladimir, in sailing out of Sebastopol, eluding the vigi-
lance of the whole of our fleet, and capturing a number
of Turkish transports. He did not impute blame to Ad-
miral Dundas ; for he trusted he would have a good ex-
cuse to give in the fact that the whole of the force at his
disposal was engaaed,in another and an important duty
—the expedition of which they had heard. He looked
to the sending forth of that expedition with great hopes,
for he was convinced, from the experience of the officers
in command of the allied forces, that they would not
undertake an expedition which they had not reasonable
grounds for believing would be successful. He believed
that the expedition was a necessary one, and if it were
attended with risk and with delay, he for one should not
be ready to quarrel with it on that account. He was
aware that great objects could not be obtained without
great delay and great risk. lie had no doubt that every-
thing would be done that could be done by the gallant
officers who commanded it, and by the naval and mili-
tary forces who composed it, and for his own part he
was extremely happy to hear that the expedition had
been undertaken. (Cheers.) He repeated his hope that
on the points to which he had referred some information
would be furnished by the Government ; and after apo-
logising to their lordships for detaining them at such
length, he concluded by moving, in accordance with his
notice of motion, "for further information respecting the
war, and the alliances and confederacies entered into."
The Earl of CLA.RENDON—My lords, my noble
friend began his speech by a somewhat elaborate de-
fence of the course he has thought it his duty to take
this session, and as it has generally been my duty to
reply to his speeches, I hope he will permit me to say
that I have never made any of those charges which he
has now refuted—that I have never impugned his mo-
tives or complained of the perfect consistency of his
conduct from the first day of the session until now
almost the last, in allowing no opportunity to pass
of marking his want of confidence in her Majesty's
Government in respect to the war, and 'the manner in
which we have carried it on. (Hear.) My noble friend
need not have instituted a parallel between Mr. Pitt
and himself—(hear, hear, and a laugh)—as to the manner
in which he exercised his privilege and his duty as a
member of your lordships' house, inasmuch as his con-
duct in this respect has, as , far as I am aware, never
been impugned. (Hear.) If, however, I ever had any
disposition to impuga his conduct or question his discre-
tion, I think it would be to-night, when the first hour
of his speech• has been occupied in detailing facts,
which, if true, it would be most precious for the enemy
to know, but to which, as neither myself nor my noble
friend near me, the noble duke (Newcastle) possess any
knowledge of them, I am quite unable to reply to him
as I could wish. (Hear.)
The Marquis of CLANRICARDE here made an
observation, denying that he had entered into such
details.
The Earl of CLARENDON—Yes ;
my noble friend_
referred to the want of mortars and of gun-boats, which,
he says, exists, and to what he calls the inefficiency of
the fleet.
The Marquis of CLANRICARDE again
rupted, but the remark he made was not heard
dteir-
a
the gallery.
The Earl of CLARENDON—With regard to that
part of the case brought forward byadmd
my
noble friend to
which I shall more particularly
Porte--I
myself-- the
have to express
treaty between Austria and the
my regret that I have not, as I ought to have done, laid
a copy of that document upon the table. The last time
my noble friend spoke of the matter I referred to the
copy in the Foreign-office, and found that it was a mere
rough draft, having upon Is number of marginal notes ;
it turned out also
onthai it was then unsigned, and was not
in that complete shape in which I could lay it before
your lordships. But my noble friend must have been p er-
fectly cognisant of all the. stipulations of that treaty, for
it had been published m the Constantinople Gazette,
and 'reprinted in various other newspapers. As respects
the treaty itself, I do not think it merits the stric-
tures my noble friend has passed upon
theon
pit;
oratne at and with
regard to its having been agreedc_ to
byaligiln4ll
.1A ICI4 Willi
_ ___

that Lord Stratford, our ambassador at Constantinople,
had been instructed to support a treaty between Austria
and Turkey founded upon the under Standing which had
been come to between Austria and the Goverumeuts of
France and England, and that, in consequeece, the
Porte agreed to it. Your lordships are aware that not
many months ago the Austrian. Government entered
into an engagement with her Majestys Government and
with the Government of France, that on no considera-
tion would it ehter upon the occupation of any portion
of the Ottoman territory without the consent of the
Porte. Austria declared that only for the purpose of
putting down an insurrection in favour of Russia in Ser-
via, or the invasion of Servia by a Rusei in military force,
would she interfere to occupy that territory ; and al-
though my noble friend has referred to the protest, of
the Servian Government, he must not rely, too implicitly
on that, for if it had 'not been for fear Of coercion, an
insurrection in favour of Russia would long since have
taken place in Servia. Austria also un4ertook to sup-
press by her troops if .necessary any insurrection pro-
moted by Rusiia in MOntiinegro, and • she told us that
in the event of war with: Russia 'it might
_be
,neceasary,
to occupy the.principalities • but that she would not. do
en without previously obtaining theconseat Of, and-only
under a solemn agreement witb,.the :Porte. Theae were
the conditions upon , which the treaty between Austria
and the Porte was to, be based. That lieatyaVie com-
municated to us: about the same.day:that it was signed.
We knew nothing of it before that. No instructions,
therefore, were sent out to our ambassador usion' the
subject. Lord Stratford, however, undoubttdly did
recommend that the Porte should agree to such a
treaty, and her Majesty's Gevernment approved of
the advice he gave ; and if Stratford recommended
the adoption of the treaty, he did so because he saw
that in the preamble and in the articles it was closely
connected with the proceedings that had taken place
at Vienna between the representatives of France
and England and the other allies of the Porte,
and in accordance with the terms of the protocol, and
that it contained nothing tq fetter the free action of the
Sultan, or to prevent his taking what measures he
pleased, either by himself or in council with his allies,
for the occupation of the Principalities, or the with-
drawal of the Russian forces. As soon, however, as
see knew the substance of the convention our language
to Austria was that the occupation by her of any part
of the Ottoman territory was a matter of extreme deli-
cacy, and that great care must be taken that every step
was taken and everything done in the hame of the Sul-
tan and on his behalf, and that whatever measures were
adop`ed in reference to such occupation must be of a
temporary character. (Hear, hear.) When, at the
end of June, Russia was about to occupy Bucharest, and
it was known at Vienna that the Russian general was
about to carry away the archives, inhabitants, and na-
tional militia of Wallachia, there was apprehension that
anarchy would prevail in the province, because the
troops were not then in a position to cross the Danube.
The Austrian Government immediately communicated
with ours, and sent a staff officer of Baron Hess's to the
head-quarters of Marshal St. Arnaud and Lord Raglan,
iu order to announce that they intended to occupy a
pee-tion of Wallachia, in the name of the Sultan, with a
view to the restoration of order, although they could
not enter the country as a belligerent, because they had
not received from Russia an answer to their demand,
nor were they aware whether that power had received
it. While speaking of this demand which was addressed
by Austria to Russia, I may mention that it was not
couched exactly in the tone which my noble friend de-
scribes, nor would the answer of Russia exactly tally
with his description either as to matter or date. It was
in the beginning of June that the Austrian note was
addressed to the Russian Government, stating the evils
that arose to Austria and Germany generally, from the
occupation of the principalities, and requiring their im-
mediate evacuation. The answer of the Russian Go-
vernment was not an insolent rejection of that demand,
but was, on the contrary, an offer to adhere to the three
principal points of the protocol of Vienna. I merely
mention these circumstances because my noble friend
was evidently misinformed respecting them. My lords,
the language we addressed to Austria was to this effect.
When we heard the announcement that her forces were
about to enter the Principalities, we said that, if Aus-
tria was going into Wallachia after it had been eva-
cuated by the Russians, for the purpose of proceeding
thence to Moldavia to drive them out of that province,
then, in our opinion, the convention would have been
faithfully fulfilled, but that if she were 'merely going
there to occupy the provinces on their being evacuated
by the Russians, then we said she would not be war-
ranted in doing so, unless with the consent and at the
express desire of the Porte. The reply to the Austrian
Government was that they only entered in order to pre-
vent anarchy, and to re-establish order in the name,
and on behalf of the Sultan, and that they could not
' enter as belligerents because they had n )t declared war,
but that being once there, they would resist by force
any attempt at returning on the part of the Russians.
(Hear, hear.) The Porte replied to the application of
Austria by appointieg imperial commissioners to go to
the provinces to arrange all these Matters on the part of
the Sultan, and to insti`ute a judicial inquiry into the
conduct which had been pursued by the hospodars on
the arrival of the Russian troops, and it was. to 'depend
upon the result of that inquiry whether or not the
hospothirs were to be reinstated in their authority.
We then communicated to the Austrian and Turkish
Governments our entire satisfaction at the appoint-
ment of the imperial commissioners. We now know that
the Principalities are about to be evacuated, at least Wal-
lachia, because by the last accounts Prince Gortschakoff
appears to have taken affectionate leave of the boyards,
having first burnt and destroyed everything in their
country. (Hear.) This fortunate result is certainly due
to the presence of the ellied troops at Varna, and to
the bravery of the Turks, but it is princip illy to be
taken as a result of the position which Austria has taken
up. It is now some time since we received information
that the Austrian army was being concentrated in the
Bukowina and North Transylvania, and that their posi-
tion was so threatening that they would not be able to
maintain themselves in Moldavia or Wallachia, and that
it was only Jester day we were informed that Prince
Gortschakoff had received orders to evacuate both pro-
vinces. (Cheers.) lam not, my lords, going to enter into
an elaborate defence of the conduct of Austria, or to pre-
tend to explain the motives that may have influenced
the policy of that country, but I certainly see no reason
to retract any opinion I may have expressed, that she
would be impelled at once by her honour, her dignitv,
a'.d her interest, to act in such a manner as would justify
the expectations of this country. (Hear.) I entirely
.agree with my noble friend that Austria, as an indepen-
dent power, has a right to pursue her own policy in her
own way, acid that we have no right to complain if she
does so. With respect to any sacrifices we may have
made, I entirely deny that our policy or operations have
dveniled upon Austria, or have been influenced by her.
S its may not have been as rapid in her movements as we
could desire, but her army was not ready, arid to equip
and bring into the field an army of 300,000 was a work
of some time and considerable expense. As my noble
friend says, the policy of Austria must be guided by her
own interests, as is that of England and France, awl let
me remind the house that her interests are more com-
plicate' and antagonistic than those of either of the
latter powers. Our views and objects, I have not the
least hesitation in repeating, and I have the more satis-
faction in repeating them, because I know that to a very
great extent they are shared by Austria—are, that the
designs of Russia upon Turkey, her violation of some
treaties, and misinterpretation of others, are danger-
ous to the tranquility of Europe. (Hear, and cheers.)
We consider that the constantly increasing armaments
of a despotic power have created a prestige and an in-
fluence for Russia in countries which neither has a right
to reach, and we consider that prestige and that in-
fluence to be dangerous to the independence of Europe
and the progress of civilisation. (Loud cheers.) Why,
my lords, at this moment Russia defies England and
France and Turkey in arms, and the public opinion of
the world besides, and I say that the nation that can do
that, or believes it can do it, possesses a power that can-
not be .exercised with safety to other powers, particu-
larly when exercised in the present case in furtherance
of unjust pretensions. I say that if such a power
realityisp
eit l
ed.
must
(Loud
nh curtailed,esrs and.)Mybelieve
if itis
lords,adelusion it s a
must
be dthat
analon e of
will t hr
reward
ea
rrde stub!
et sdwi
siilnl
I not say this
,ferf_fomrtsthnef
Epnregsleanntdwaanrd
France. (Continued :cheering.) war,
tefroellsotweci
le of the l!)
%
be-
cause England and France have not deep and abiding
interests in sustaining those prima
mainten-
ance of which peace is the first and most indispensable
and maritime nations like Eng an
condition, but I say that wheal
having
t
first exhausted every effort for the maeirnteenannoceadovfapnetaacgee,
engage in a contest which may be long, and which must
w
be costly, pledging themsel ve4 to derive
from its results—l say that such a. disinterested course
of conduct is a guarantee to Europe of our intentions,
and I rejoice that it is reserved for our time, and for
England and France, to enter into such an engagement,
and thus to offer an example worthy of the age, and of
surrounding nations. (Cheers.) In bringing our armies
and fleets to bear against the common enemy we have
not had the same financial, and, above all, the same
political, difficulties to contend with as Austria. The
difficulties of Austria are principally of a German cha-
racter ; and, therefore, I do not think we ought to blame
her for not advancing until she had herself safe, both
flank and frontier. I believe she has fully succeeded in
that object, and I have great satisfaction in stating to
your lordships that within the last 36 hours, and consce
quently since the evacuation of the Principalities was
known at Vienna, notes have been exchanged between her
Majesty's government and that of Austria, which will show
that Austria has as little intention as ourselves of re-
turning to the status quo, (Cheers.) I will, just before
I sit down, say a few words in reply to my noble friend's
observations respecting the measures we have taken and
the position in which we now stand. In the first place,
I beg your lordships to recollect that on the 29th March
war was declared ; a little more titan four months since,
and that at that time it was the universal belief=-and
when I say that, I do not speak merely of her Majesty's
Government, bat of the most able and experienced mi-
litary officers of England and France—that Russia inc.
ditated war with a view to further aggression. Nobody
believed that with the great farces she had concentrated
on the north of the Danube—with all the efforts she was,
mul the vast oupplies.4o-isd ecousvOrr-'.
_ _

The Marquis of CLANRICARDE, in reply, quoted
a note of the Austrian Government to show that it -did
not demand the immediate evacuation of the Principali-
ties, but merely that the integrity of the Ottoman -em-
pire should be respected. His noble friend had inti•
mated that he (Lord Clanricarde) had given information
which would be useful to the enemy. It was a wonder,:.
seeing that his noble friend was so sore on that point,
that he had not alluded to certain letters which had been
read in the other house, and which really did give infor-
m-tion to the enemy. He (Lord Clanricarde) had given .
no information except that during eleven hours in which
our ships had been cruising before Bomarsund, one ship
or another was constantly aground. All that he had
stated had appeared in the public papers, or had trim-
spired in discussions in the other house of Parliament.
All, be believed, that was new to the Government was
that ships were built in America, drawing only three or.
four feet of water, carrying 180 tons, going at the rate
be had described, and thus admirably calculated for the:
navigation of the Baltic waters. That was the.whole of
the information he had 'given ; but the taunt was-con-
stantly thrown out whenever independent members of
Parliament mentioned what they thought would be of
service to the country, that they were only stating that
which would be of service to the enemy.
The motion was then agreed to.
POOR KNIGHTS OF WINDSOR.
-The Earl of ALBEMARLE moved for copy of the
charities
f correspondencethe
ofNsunich"
w3hilciiltiarhyasortdaekrenofpslatc.eGereolargtieveantod the
Garter, either between the governor or the agent of the
military knights of Windsor and the eathe;ilrealsaladeoCa:
pitular Commissioners, or the secretary of I
of Nov.,
1852, the
en
sth
he
of April,
blestsw4e;enantdhealsrcthopy
memorials,
by h
petitiottise,
laany clerksdlett letters addressed
or to
theg
the saidver
commissioners .
nors of the Military Knights of Windsor, the Military.
Knights of Windsor, or either of them, and the agent
of the said knights, as referred to in page 834 in the ap-
pendix of the first report of the Cathedral CommissiOn-
ers, dated 6th April, 1854. His lordship stated his in.
tention of bringing the subject before Parliament early '
in the ensuing session.
The house adjourned at 10 minutes to 8 o'clock.

HOUSE OF COMMONS—(YESTERDAY.)
The SPEAKER took the chait-at three o'clock. •
IRISH FAIRS AND DIAIMETS.
Sir. J. YOUNG, in reply to Sir D. NORREYB, stated
that next session he should bring in a bill to regulate
fairs and markets in Ireland.
IRISH JURIES.
Sir D. NORREYS asked the rcght hon, baronet whe-
ther he intended next session to bring iii a bill to relieve
the grand juries of Ireland from the. T.Amement of the
fiscal affairs of counties, and to place these affairs under
the control of }maids elected by the allibai ? '
Sir J. YOUNG could give no soisqlwice on the point.
Sir D. NORREYS gave notice that early next session
he should bring in a bill on the saja:

COMMISSIONERS OF EXCISE.
In reply to Mr. J. G. PHILLIMORE, • s
Mr. WILSON stated that Mr- Benham, the late ,
Secretary of the Ordnance, was at present a commis- -
sinner of excise in England.
• TESTAMENTARY JURISDICTION BILL• , i

In reply to Mr. HADFIELD,
Mr. - SIDNEY HERBERT said if the Government
could succeed in putting the Testamentary jurigdi°ii°ll
till into such a shape as to be generally acceptable to
all parties, they would revise it next session.
•
LORDS' AMENDMENTS.
The.Lords' Amendments to the Militia (No., 2) Bill, ,
and the Militia (Scotland) Bill were . considered and
agreed to.

ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL.
On the motion of Lord D. STUART, the following
address to the Crown was agreed to, viz.:—Address for
copy of any report made by Mr. Bodkin, the counsel.
who attended the inquest on the body of Alfred Rich-
ardson, on behalf of the. Home-office, and of the notes
taken by him during the inquest.
ROYAL COMMISSION.
Mr. PUTMAN. the Yeoman Usher of the Black Rod, .
appeared at the table, and summoned the house to at.
tend at the bar of the House of Lords, eartoshe.
Royal assent given by commission to severa, tlao hear
agr
on by both houses, for which see Lords' report.
The SPE4ESE, on bis
return, anno
the bills.utced the nanaq t.-
The LOUP t4ta
te
Worrow. ,z‘zei viva treo
0 0104 ifo: