The Sun.
London, England, 1853-07-15 00:00:00

PIGS.

Class I.—Boars of a large breed.—First prize of 15/. to
Robot t Crossley, of Holland St. Miles, Platting Newton,
Manchester. Second prize of 51. to Thomas Horsfall, of
Burley Hill, Otley, Yorkshire.
SPECIAL PRIZES.

SHROPSHIRE OR OTHER GREY AND BLACK-FACED SHORT-

WOOLLED SHEEP.

Class I.—Rams of any age.—First prize of 201. to John
Gillett of Brize Norton, Witney, Oxon. Second prize of
101. to Thomas Horton, of Hamage Grange, Cressage, near
Shrewsbury.
Class 2.—Pen of, Five Ewes of any age, with their
Lambs.—The prize of 101. to William Foster, of Kinver
Hill Farm, Stourbridge.
Class 3.—Pen of Five Shearling Ewes.—The prize of 101.
to William Foster, of Kniver Hill Farm, Stourbridge.

The Pavilion Dinner took place yesterday at four
o'clock, and, as usual, was very well attended. Nearly
1,000 agriculturists assembled on the occasion, the chair
being of course filled by Lord Ashburton, president for
the year. Mr. Pusey, the president elect, was pre-
vented by illness from being present, and other disap-
pointments also took place ; but among the company
present we observed the American Minister, General
Arista (of Mexico), Judge Halliburton, the Mayor of
Gloucester, the Earl of Powis, the Earl of Harrowby,
the Earl of Leicester, Earl Beauchamp, Lord Bridport,
the Marquis of Bath, the Earl of Jersey, Lord Berners,
the Earl of Suffolk, Sir John Shelley, the Hon. B. R.
Clive, the Hon. G. C. Agar, Sir M. Ridley, Viscount
Hereford, Mr. Mullings, M.P., Sir Lionel Damer, Sir
Thomas Acland, Sir John Bailey, Colonel Challoner,
Mr. Raymond Barker, Mr. Foley, M.P., Mr. Hippesley,
Mr. Alcock, M.P., Mr. Clifford, M.P., Col. Rushout,
M.P, Mr. Hampden Turner, Mr. Portman, M.P., Sir
W. Codrington, M.P., Mr. Cobbold, M.P., Professor
Johnston, of Durham ; Professor Voolcker, Professor
Brown, Professor Way, Professor Simonds ; Mr.
M`Gregor, Chairman of the South-Eastern Railway,
Mr. C. A. Saunders, Mr. J. L. Vaughan, Sir Peregrine
Acland, and Sir John Duckworth.
The usual loyal toasts having been given.
Lord AbIIBURTON proposed "The Foreign Ministers,"
to which

His Excellency the AMERICAN .MINISTER responded at
full length. He complimented Lord Ashburton, and
referred in terms of high praise to the high services
which the late lord had rendered both to this country
and the United States by the settlement of the boundary
question. Mr. Ingersoll then alluded to the agricul-
tural productions of America, reminding the farmers
that it was not too much to ascribe the prosperity of
England, and especially of her manufactures, to the
millions of bales of cotton which America sent over to
her. If they desired more, his countrymen would grow
more and more to supply that demand, and to cultivate
those relations of increased friendship which the cotton
trade was calculated to promote. There was no danger
for a century or two, at least, of the demand on the one
side or the supply on the other failing, notwithstanding
the production of Egypt, India, and Western Africa.
He was informed that the exports of cotton from Alex-
andria was 500,000 bales, a large amount certainly,
compared with the crop grown in America, which was
300,000. In 1860 this amount would have another
million added to it, and in Egypt the productive ground
was covered by the plant, so that the land of the Pha-
roahs and Ptolemys would not interfere in this respect
with the land of the Washingtons. His Excellency
having referred to tobacco—of which they grew in the
States 200,000,0001 b.— said that when a wet season, or
any extraordinary and unpropitious event rendered it de-
sirable for this country to call on the Americans for their
eatables, they would produce them to any extent. Of rice,
which was in itself the aliment of one-third of the human
race, his countymen produced 200,000,001 b. ; of wheat,
100,000,000 bushels ; and of maize, or Indian corn—
that which came to the relief of the Irish people during
the famine-600,000,0000 bushels per year. The soil of
England contained, he believed, 46,000,000 of acres, but
in the United States there were of public lands alone
belonging to the Government, and ready for sale,
1,370,000,000 of sores. A political philosopher had "once
predicted that England could not support 10,000,000,
and she had now doubled that number; but if her popu-
lation went on increasing he invited her agriculturists
to come over and visit the United States, and to stay
as long as they pleased, for they would find a hearty
welcome there. (Cheers and laughter.) Besides the
vast numbers of their countrymen now settled in the
United States, amounting to nearly 1,000,000 from Ire-
land, and 250,000 from England—he bade them re-
member that its constitution and laws were such that
any individual who came among them, attached to good
morals and in the practice of them, might attain nearly
every political distinction, and certainly would acquire
every social right possessed by him here. (Cheers.) His
Excellency then referred to ships, which, he said, were
drawn from the primeval forests as much as corn was
drawn from agriculture, and which was now bridging
over the ocean, rendering the voyage between England
and America so short that no one hesitated to take it,
and so agreeable that no one found it otherwise than
delightful. In a country like his, where there was
abundance of soil to be found, and where science and
art as applied to agriculture were eagerly cultivated,
they would always be proud to emulate the farmers of
England, who stood at the head of the agriculture •of
the world. (Cheers.) His Excellency concluded by
giving as a toast "The Royal Agricultural Society."
Sir M. RIDLEY having proposed, in
. very complimen-
tary terms, " the health of the President."
Lord ASHBURTON responded.
The Earl of HARROWBY spoke to the toast of the
"Labouring Classes," pleading, with much earnestness,
their claims to be more cared for,
.better housed, and
better educated. Their increased intelligence would
raise their efficiency as workmen, and enable employers
to meet that great change in the labour market which
was now in progress.
Sir R. MURCHISON, K.S.A. said, he saw that they
were all very well acquainted with " Sam Slick,". and
he would therefore give "Agricultural societies through-
out the world," and calling on Judge Halliburton to
respond to the toast.
Judge HALLIBURTON returned thanks for the welcome
with which the company greeted him, and which was,
even for the society's pavilion, unusually cordial. He
said that it was customary to give some "notice of mo-
tion" in such cases, and, if he had received it, he would
have come a little more prepared, though perhaps he
would not have made so natural a return. He compli-
mented Sir Roderick Murchison on his scientific ac-
quirements which had enabled him to predict the gold
fields of Australia, at which thousands of their country-
men were now digging, while the farmers of England
supplied them with food. Politicians claimed for them-
selves the merit of the high prices, but politics were not
the bread of life. (Loud cheers.) During the war, when
high prices raised up the farmer, it was because the un-
productive class were so numerous—because the army,
the navy, and the number of people in the public em-
ployment had to be fed. The same unproductive class
L has again arisen, though from different causes ; and let
, not politicians take the whole credit of the results to

themselves. His books had been referred to, but he
never" could have written them if he had not spent
his life in the country, and never lived in towns, but
among his countrymen the farmers. (Cheers.) He
loved them,. and , from the opulent farmer to the log
hut his happiest days had been passed in their so-
ciety. It was by talking to them and knowing
their feelings and prejudices—for they had their pre-
judices—tlaughter)—that he had acquired some insight
into the human heart, and had been enabled, they
said, to put it in his books. (Cheers.) Agriculture was
the most simple, the most innocent, and the most
honourable employment of man—(cheers)—and, though
lie could not say that he had contributed anything to-
wards agricultural shows, a little wooden clock he had
exhibited to his countrymen with moral lessons which,
he hoped, had done them good. (Cheers and laughter.)
These moral lessons, read by the English as well as the
American farmer, showed the value of time, the hours
of work, and the hours of recreation, and how to have
an extra hour and an extra dollar where it was wanted,
and if, as there were in all human machinery defects, this
little wooden clock had one which ought to be copied—
it was that it went on tick. (Much laughter.) He had
not the honour to be an Englishman. He was a native
of another part of the world ; and 150 years ago his
forefathers left these shores. Whether they slipped off
at the time of the assizes—(great laughter), or whether
one of his cloth helped them over at the public expense,
there was no one now old enough to say, and therefore
perhaps it was as well not to make too strict an inquiry.
(Laughter.) His Excellency had talked of that country
being able to receive a portion of the population of this ;
but for his part he should like to work back—it would
be his delight and happiness to do so, and he would
not be sorry, provided it was for no moral delinquency,
if one of his brother judges sentenced him to be tran-
sported back to England. (Cheers and laughter.) He
had never spent two such delightful days in his life
as attending at the present meeting. As a practical
farmer, fond of the cultivation of the soil, he had come
to Giocester purposely from Scotland. (Cheers.) It
gave him great pleasure to state, without attempting to
say anything civil or to flatter, that in the last 10 years
the- improvement which he observed was beyond any-
thing that he could recollect, and that it was more marked
among the lower orders than in any other class. They
were better fed, better clad, better paid, and they re-
spected themselves. If he might be permitted to men-
tion so trivial an illustration he would take the notice in
St. James's-park, which he saw the other day—" The
public are requested to protect the birds and the trees
in this plantation." No "man traps and spring guns,"
nor prosecutions were mentioned. When at Lough-
borough he saw a similar notice—" These grounds are
for the benefit of the people, who are requested to pro-
tect them." Such evidences showed that the people
sr
ue sppe er
iot er ds t ecmh se eelr
sv e. ,a)
w deserved
When
d en hel
o o
ktehde
at respecttheof the ir
improve-
ments that had taken place and the period at which
they had arrived, when there were no prejudices
against machinery to be awakened—when the day of
the demagogue was gone—when there was no idle, lazy,
and pauper population to excite—and when therefore
the demagogues could do no mischief—he asked, did not
these improvements go deeper than many supposed ?
He had trespassed too long on their patience, and he
would conclude by thanking them again most heartily
for the honour they had done him. (Cheers.)
Lord Powis proposed " The health of the President
Elect," Mr. Pusey.

Sir JOHN SHEI:LEY, in a spirited speech, expressed the
obligations of the society to the railway companies for
their co-operation, and concluded by toasting them.
Mr. SAMUEL BAKER, chairman of the Dean Forest
Railway, returned thanks.

The awards for stock having been announced by Mr.
BRANDRETH GIBBS, honorary director of the show-yard,
the proceedings of the banquet terminated.

OONVERSIZIONE AT THE MANSION-HOUSE.

Last night, the city of London, through its Chief
Magistrate, honoured itself in honouring the literature
and science of the kingdom. The Mansi on-house in-
vited all that is distinguished in letters and arts. Artists
and writers—intellect and learning—the masters of
science, practical and theoretical—congregated in a
splendid metropolitan circle. The present Lord Mayor
(Alderman Challis) has on previous occasions welcomed
the working educationists of the metropolis. We have
had recently to record his well-considered entertain-
ment to the London schoolmasters and schoolmistresses.
The interest of that party perhaps exceeded in moral
dignity his concluding conversazion e ; the graceful
tribute of matter to mind, which was exhibited in the
educational gathering, remains unsurpassed in its pecu-
liar appropriateness. But certainly last, night's assem-
bly was a worthy completion of this series of well-
planned entertainments. The nobility of rank and
the nobility of acquirements met together ; and the
tribute to those who, through the press, influence the
public mind, was a worthy conception, and well car-
ried
out. The present mayoralty has exhibited a praise.
worthy innovation ca the stiff luxury of civic, festiva
'of the ordinary type. It is a thankworthy sign of the
times that corporate munificence is learning the better
way ; and the city of London, in throwing itself into
the stream of educational progress, under its several
aspects of education, art, and general literature, is doing
much to retrieve its character. Commercial pursuits too
frequently have been found to deaden the mind in the
exercise of its higher faculties, and to the recognition of
the finer and more ennobling arts of life. Municipal
corporations have a wide field of influence, which has
been too long left barren ; but the example set by the
metropolis will have its value in the provinces. And
though it might be said that such a conversazione is but
a small testimony to the intellectual powers of the age to
characterise in such terms, yet it embodies a principle
which will have its way—the principle that society in all
its spheres has duties of a practical character to those
upon whom, after all, not only the national credit and
historic honours depend, but to whose hands, for good
or for evil, are entrusted the destinies and interests of
mankind, and with them the stability of all our institu-
tions. Such assemblies are at least a testimony, however
imperfect, to the great truth that commerce and trade
depend for their extension and continuance on the culti-
vation and application of the higher powers of the mind
—on art, learning, and science, as well as on empiric
practice and traditionary skill.
It seems that nearly 3,000 cards of invitation were
issued for this occasion ; and such was the well-thronged
appearance of the Egyptian Hall, which was illuminated
with more than usual brilliancy, that there could not
have been less than 2,000 persons present. Amongst
the company were—Dr. Spohr, Sir Charles Barry, Mr.
E. H. Bally, R.A., Mr. Bennoch, Dr. Bowring, Mr.
Edgar Bowring, Dr. Bernays, Sir Henry Bishop, Mr.
Peter Berlyn, the Rev. P. Booth, Mr. Dudley Costello,
Mr. Monckton Milnes, M.P., Mr. David Roberts,
R.A., Sir Charles Eastlake, P.R.A. Mr. Augustus
Egg, Mr. F. Stone, Dr. Forbes, Mr. W. J. Fox, M.P.,
Mr. George Godwin, Mr. Charles Knight, Dr. Mackay,
Mr. Hart, R.A., Mr. T. K. Hervey, Professor Forbes,
Mr. John Martin, Dr. E. Lancaster, Dr. W. Smith,
Mr. T. Landseer, Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Hall, Dr.
Southwood Smith, Mr. T. J. Searle, Mr. Robert
Bell, Mr. Windsor East, and many other gentle-
men equally well known for their successful efforts
in the schools of literature and the liberal arts. It
would be fruitless, however, to attempt to give a complete
list of all the " celebrities" present ; many, whose public
works are conspicuous to the world, being content on
an occasion like this so to mingle with the general group
as to render it impossible that their persons could be
particularly noted. A large number of members of
Parliament were present; and amongst them the
Duchess of Sutherland and the Duke of Argyll, the
Turkish Ambassador, the Prussian Ambassador, the
Greek Ambassador, the Bishop of St. Asaph, &c.
It would be superfluous to enter into a detail of the
various objects exhibited on the occasion, as the greater
portion of them have been seen at former conversaziones ;
but the tribute of a line is justly due to a selection
of pictures, in which the works of David Roberts, R.A.,
Linnell, Sydney, Cooper, Maclise, and Barker were
amongst the most conspicuous, and these were gracefully
accompanied by specimens of sculpture by M'Dowell,
Adams (whose bust of the Duke of Wellington
is an object of much attraction), Marshall, Foley,
Bally, and others. Included in the objects of art
should be mentioned some beautiful statuettes in ,
biscuit, from the establishment of Mr. Copeland, and
also some reproductions of the old Wedgwood ware,
which latter were particularly' admired for their
beauty of form and sombre depth of colour. One of the
great merits of the general arrangement was the judi-
cious manner in which the various articles were distri-
buted throughout the rooms, especial care having been
taken to avoid the possibility of too many persons being
thronged together in one spot. Thus the fine arts were
exhibited on the lower floor, whilst the models and
apparatus were displayed above stairs ; and in these de-
partments the works of the pupils who have received, or
are receiving, their education at the school for teaching
the blind to read excited much interest, many of the
pupils being present, and the company being made to
witness their successful efforts in reading, arithmetic,
music, and other branches of instruction. The various
departments of science were effectually represented, and
there was sufficient evidence in the plan which had been
pursued to give to the conversazione the character it was
intended to bear—that the entertainment was the result
of much care and discrimination.

WARRANTS TO OPEN LETTERS AT THE POST OFFICE.
—Yesterday a return showed that from November 1848
to May last, six warrants of the Secretary of State were
granted to open or detain letters at the Post Office.
One warrant in November, 1848, signed by Sir George
Grey, in a case of embezzlement, applicable to one per-
son. One warrant in August, 1849, by Sir George Grey
in a case of murder, applicable to one person. One war-
rant in November, 1850, by Sir George Grey. to return a
letter to the writer. One warrant in November, 1850,
by Sir George Grey, in a case of fraudulent bankruptcy,
applicable to one person. One warrant in January,
1853, by Lord Palmerston, to return a letter to the
writer, and one warrant in April last, signed by Lord
Palmerston, in a case of embezzlement by a country
postmaster, applicable to one person.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

PORTSMOUTH, JULY 14.

The body of Lieutenant Lambert, R.N., of the Edin-
burgh, 58, who (together with Assistant-Surgeon Muir-
head, of the same ship) was drowned in an attempt to
join his ship in a waterman's wherry, on the night of
Sunday fortnight, was washed ashore in llayling-bay,
Hayling Island, this morning, and takeu charge of by
the coast-guard of that district. His watch and other
valuables were still on his person. The remains await
an inquest, after which they will be removed to Haslar
for interment.

Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Cochrane, K.C.8., struck
his flag this morning, and went to town to preside at the
dinner to be given by the service this evening to Sir
James Graham, Bart., M.P.; First Lord of the Ad-
miralty.

The Encounter, 14, screw-corvette, Capt. O'Callaghan,
got under way this afternoon for sea, under sail only,.
and made for the eastward, but the wind dying away
she slewed up off the Knab.
The Vivid steam-packet, Master-Commander Smith-
ett, passed through Spithead this morning to the west-
ward, from Dover.

PLYMOUTH, -Aux 14.
Her Majesty's steam-yacht Victoria and Albert, in
charge of Mr. Thompson, harbour master, steamed out
of the Sound at 5 a.m. yesterday, for Portsmouth. The
Fairy steam-tender sailed on Tuesday.
The St. Jean d'Acre, 101, screw steam block-ship,
Captain the Hon. H. Keppel, got up steam to try her
engines yesterday morning, when everything proved
satisfactory. In a few days she will make a trial trip to
the Eddystone, probably on Wednesday, the 20th inst.
The Trinity yacht sailed yesterday for the eastward.
The Harlequin brig, 12, Commander A. P. E. Wil-
mot, from the coast of Africa, is daily expected at this
port to be paid off.

The merchant schooner Loyalist, Captain Reeves, of
Plymouth, built by Messrs. William Moore and Son,
arrived in the Sound yesterday, 13 days only from New-
foundland, having had two days' calm off the Land's-
end. She has a general cargo for London. The steam-
vessel Lady Eglinton, from Liverpool, had arrived all
well at St. John's, and had proceeded for Quebec five
days before the departure of the Loyalist.
The pilot-boat Heroine, belonging to this port, saw a
large screw line-of-battle ship and two frigates yesterday
afternoon, between 3 and 4 o'clock, six leagues south of
the Dodman. The ship, supposed to be the Duke of
Wellington, 131, Captain H. B. Martin, C. 8., was
under three topgallant-sails, three topsails, and fore and
main course, steering about west by south, with a smart
breeze from E.S.E. One of the frigates was a league
ahead and the other a league astern of the ship.

WOOLWICH, JULY 14.
APPOINTMENT.
Lieutenant Edward Scroggs (1847), from the Tra-
falgar, 120, on the Mediterranean station, to the Ter-
ribble, paddle-wheel steam-frigate, at Woolwich.
The Cyclops, steam-frigate, having taken on board a
large portion of the engines, of 400-horsepower, made
by Mandalay, Sons, and Field, for the Princess Royal,
90, screw steam-ship, left Woolwich this morning for
Portsmouth, where they are to be fitted to that ship.
The fitting of the engines of 600-horse power, made
by John Penn and Sons, on their principle, for the mag-
nificent ship the St. Jean d'Acre; 101, with screw pro-
peller, has been so quickly executed, that she got up her
steam and the engines were set in motion at Devonport
on Wednesday last, and performed most satisfactorily.
The engines are exactly similar to those manufactured
by that firm for the Agamemnon, 91, screw steam-ship,
and it is expected the St. Jean d'Acre will be ready in a
few days for trial at sea.