The Sun.
London, England, 1854-06-08 00:00:00

THE WAR,

NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE.
The transport Talavera embarked the fifth and last
troop of Enniskillens at Plymouth on Tuesday. It con-
sisted of 5 officar,, 56 troopers, and 57 horses. Of these
20 were embarked in the first half•hour, 23 in the next,
and the remaining 14 in 20 minutes. At four minutes
to 12 o'clock she was hauled off from the jetty and taken
in tow by the Pike and Confiance steamers. The Dra-
goons were cheered most heartily by the artisans of the
dockyard, and by the crews of the Algiers, Impregnable,
and other ships, who crowded the rigging as the Tala-
vera passed. The tugs conveyed her to the east end of
the Breakwater, where she got under canvas, and with
a favourable wind, sailed immediately for the Mediter-
ranean.

CONTINENTAL INDIA AND CONTI.
ATEIsI TA I. EUROPE.

General Briggs has just published a " Comparative
View of the Population and Superficial Area of Conti-
nental India and Continental Europe within the Baltic
and Mediterranean Seas, exclusive of Russia and Tur-
key."
Continental India, says the General, exceeds in popu-
lation and superficial area that of Continental Europe,
bordered on the three sides by the Baltic, the Atlantic,
and the Mediterranean Seas. Its vast population com-
prises 13 nations, speaking different languages and with
peculiar local usages. The religion of the Hindus is,
like that of Europeans, based on one common creed, but
it is also subdivided into numerous national schismatic
sects. The written code of laws, probably as ancient as
that of Moses, but much more in detail, is everywhere
respected as the basis of their civil institutions ; but in
practice these laws have received local modifications, and
what is adopted by conventional usage by one nation is
no longer applicable to another, removed at a distance
of some hundreds or thousands of miles. There is a res
markable coincidence in respect of language between
India and Europe. All the nations inhabiting the
regions north of the Vindayan range of mountains,
dividing upper from lower India, speak dialects of the
Sanscrit language, introduced from the conquering Hin-
dus, perhaps 35 centuries ago ; while, with the exception
of the Mahratta nation, all those of the south speak dia-
lects of a language derived from an aboriginal race
of inhabitants anterior to the Hindu conquest. So in
Europe, all the languages north of the Alps, with the
exception of the French, are of Teutonic origin, while
France and the other southern nations speak lan-
guages derived from the Latin. With these facts
before us, the Legislature has acted wisely in retain-
ing the present system for the government of India,
under. which so vast an acquisition has been made to the
British empire with comparatively little bloodshed, and
which has been administered with a certain degree of ad-
vantage to both countries. The climate alone must
always deter Englishmen from settling permanently ill
India, if it were not already occupied by a dense and
civilised population, and while America and Australasia
are open to emigration, the notion of colonising India
by Englishmen is out of the question. The main utility
of India to England is in a commercial point of view,
and our interest is identified with its improvement and
prosperity. It must always be governed by means of
its own inhabitants requiring sufficient European supers
vision only to ensure the just administration of the laws,
which is best effected by training the English civil and
military servants, from youth upwards, to a knowledge
of the language and the institutions of the people. India
not only pays its own expenses, but also the interest on
its national debt, the principal of which, however, falls
short of three years' annual revenue—a revenue which
might easily be doubled by that attention to the improve-
ment of the country which it is our duty to bestow on it.
When we are told that, except in the extreme north-
western provinces, there are scarcely any permanent
roads or canals for traffic, that the art of printing has
not been introduced beyond a dozen towns ; that the use
of a pump is unknown except in the Government dock-
yards of Bombay and Calcutta ; and that nearly nine
years have elapsed since the project of constructing rails
ways was entertained, and that only twenty miles have
yet been completed ; we need not wonder that the people
are ignorant, and that the resources of the country are
still to be developed. But the attention lately bestowed
on the adjustment of the land-tax and the formation of
roads and canals in the Agra Presidency and in the
Punjab, affords hope that similar improvements will be
extended to the other parts of India, and the new con-
stitution of the home Government will lead to a better
state of things. Much has been said of late years of the
danger to our Indian possessions from a Russian inva-
sion. With ordinary foresight and precaution we
have nothing to fear from that quarter, while our
Indian revenue enables us to maintain a most efficient
standing army in time of peace of more than 300,000
men, which might, when required, be increased in a few
months to double that number. We need not appre-
hend external enemies is India, our danger lies at
our doors ; but by a wise and just internal administrse
tion we may hold possession of that country as a depen-
dency as long as it is the interest of England to do so.

EUROPEA.N STITES.

Franc©
Austrian Dominions
Prussian Dominions
Spain
Bolgium

35,781,628
41,212,750
17,628,715
14,216,219
4,350,030

113,198,402
Italy—Sardinia, 5,000,000; Tuscany,l,76l,ooo;
Roman States, 2,889,228 9,650,228
Parma and Modena 1,053,801
Holland

Poland .

. .
4,781,355

2;390,116

Switzerland
Germany—Brunswiek,273,ooo; Mecklenburg
Strelitz, 96,920; Schwerin, 543,300 ...... ... 912,500
Nassau 428,000

Hessians: Camel, 754,590; Darmstadt, 852,524;
Homburg, 21,000 1,631,318
Kingdom of Bavaria. 4,600,000; kingdom of
Wurtemburg, 2,000,000; kingdom of Ha-
nover, 1,758,847 8,353,847
European stat©s not included 14,778,189
Total European population

INDIAN STATIs:S.
British Dominions—The Punjaub, 8,000,000;
N. W. Provinces, 23,600,549; Nerbudda
Provinces, 2,149,349 33,919,998
Bengal Provinces
Madras Presidency 22,301,657
Bombay Presidency
Nagpoor Territory 4,630,000

Total British Dominions
Independent Native States—
Nizam's Dominions
Bundlecund States 1,079,500
Scindia's Dominions 3,228,000
King of Oude, 2,970,000; Cis Sutlej States,
2,186,174
Oaikwar's Dominions
Rajah of Travancore 1,124,000
Row of Catch 500,000
Rajah of Nepal
..._

Rajputana
Native States not included 13,601,188

Native Indian population

*160,536,314

AREA IN SQUARE MILES.
In Europo 1,035,000 I In India 1,298,000
N.B.—Armed forces of India under British officers and
in the native independent states exclusive of police :
The army of the British Government, includ-
ing 29,000 of her Majesty's troops
Contingent forces commanded by English
officers ,

282,52.9

39,311

At present tinder British officers
Standing armies maintained in time of peace,
according to treaties by the several inde-
pendent native princes in alliance with the
British Government 393,918

314,841.1

Grand total
(The latter are irregularly paid. and ill-dis-
ciplined.)

713,758

* F.acess of population in Continental India, 55,841; ex-
cess of area in square miles in Continental India, 263,000.

THE CHURCHES OF THE CITY OF LONDON.—A. nume-
rous meeting was held yesterday at the London Tavern,
at which Mr. Hubbard, the Governor of the Bank of
England, presided, to consider the provisions of the pro-
posed bill to amend the Church Building Acts, and the
law respecting the union of benefices. The chairman, in
introducing the proceedings of the meeting, said that the
bill in question was introduced under false colours, and
it would hardly be imagined that the object of it was to
interfere between the parishioners and their churches,
and carry off the latter whethe r the former would or
not. Mr. Henry Sykes Thornton moved the first
resolution—" That this meeting has learnt with deep
regret that a bill has passed the House of Lords
empowering the Bishop of London, with the consent of
the patrons and the Church Commissioners, to unite
benefices irrespective of their population or value;
and desecrate and pull down, on obtaining au order
in Council, a large and indefinite number of churches in
the city of London, and to sell the sites of the burial-
grounds, without asking the consent or consulting the
wishes of the parishioners." This resolution was seconded
by the Rev. J. Toogood (rector of St. Andrew's, Hol-
born), who gave his opinion that there was no church
in the city without a congregation sufficient to occupy a
clergyman, and was carried. Another resolutioniT was
venerable 2.171 esf:o—r their
That the
also passed
obtyedaifiltotrete
onoiatjoooriltyy
purposes and their monumental records, but interesting
as memorials of architectural skill,wyoonfldLoboedoae,while
serious
detriment to the appearance of the city its healthiness would be impaired by the substitution of
yards and burialground
lofty warehouses excludinglight and air from the church-
to a painful desecrations.,„whAichpewtiotuioldn bteoththene
Hsuobjoeseeteofd
Commons founded on the above resolutions was also
agreed to.

-[ADvERTisERENT.] ASOOT RACES. - S
rours-
mil/T.-11er Majesty's
Royal Letters Patent, for valu-
able and extraordinary, improvements in the most
powerful and brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Racecourse
°Pere, and Perspective Glasses, to know the dig-
'
tances of objects viewed through them—of great im
portance to the array, navy, and others. Messrs. S. and
B. Solomons, op ticians 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly-
Observe—opposite the York Hotel.- -These telescopes pos-
sess such extraordinary powers that some, 3i inches, with
an extra eye-piece, will show distinctly Jupiter's moon*,
Saturn's ring, and the double stars ; with the same tele-
scope can be seen a person's countenance three miles
and a half distant, and an object from 12 to 14 miles.
They are of larger and all sizes, with increasing powers
accordingly.— The Royal Exhibition, 1851. -- Valuable,
newly-invented,
glass the size of a walnut, by which a person can be seen
very small, powerful waistcoat-pocket
and known 1i mile distant ; they answer every purpose
on the race-course, at the opera-houses, country sce-
nery, an'i ships are clearly seen at 12 to 14 miles. They
are invaluable for shooting, deer-stalking, yachting, to
sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeepers, and tourists. Opera,
race-course, camp, and perspective glasses, with wonderful
Dower • an object can be clearly seen from 10 to 12 miles
distant- Newly-invented Spectacles ; immediately they
are placed before extremely imperfect vision, every
object becomes clear and distinct ; the most aged, de-
fective eight is brought to its youthful, natural, and ori-
ginal state. Deafness—New Discovery--The Organic
brator, au extraordinary powerful, small, newly-invented
Vi-
instrument, for Deafness, entirely different from all others,
to surpass anything of the kind that has been, or Pr°
bably ever can be, produced. Being of thesam;
asto thheearskidins,tiins
etnloyt
apte r
cc eh pu.
rt i eih
dt
ate n apbul
be nu deafc
a.
c°peirsourons
semblies ' • the unpleasant sensation of singing noises In
the ears is entirely removed ; and it affords all the assist-
ance that possibly could be desired.-39, Albemarle-street,
Piccadilly. Observe, opposite the York Rote).