The Sun.
London, England, 1853-02-14 00:00:00

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The establishment of represen, government
in the kingdom of Denmark is one of the satisfac-
tory results of the changes introduced in the year
1848 which have survived the excitement of that
period, and the perils of a great national contest.
On the part of the Crown, the measures by which
one of the most absolute monarchies in Europe wag
transformed into a constitutional State, have been
honourably persisted in, although the influence of
some of the great Northern Powers may have been
exerted to circumscribe their legitimate operation.
But it is not less essential to the maintenance and
success of these institutions that the elective Assem-
bly should pursue a rational andpractical course with
reference to the important questions which have re-
cently occupied not only the Danish Cabinet, but the
great Powers of Europe ; aanothing is more calcu-
lated to weaken the due authority of the representa-
tives of the nation than a disposition to sacrifice the
mpuobnlaicreehnygatgoe:ls7iztsit
of
and common
and exclusive party
moninterestsofthe
feeling. Two questions of moment were submitted
by the Danish Ministry to the Diet—the one with
reference to the change in the law of succession
which had been defined by the treaty of the Bth of
May, 1852, the other relating to the abolition of the
line of customs between Schleswig and Holstein, SC,
as to include the latter duchy within the commer-
cial frontiers Of the monarchy. The first of these
propositions was opposed-by M. Wegener, on
cial grounds, in the event of the extinction of the
line of Prince Christian of Glucksburg, but it is
anticipated that these objections will not be SUS-.
tained, as they viould impugn the authority of an
act already ratified by all Europe. The second
proposition encountered a more decided resist-
ance ; it was thrown out by a majority of 50
to 45 votes ; and, in consequence, the late.
Diet was dissolved, and a new Diet convoked
for the commencement of March. We have taken
so much interest in the gallant struggle of the
Danes against the party which sought to effect the
dissolution of the monarchy, and in the establish-
ment of those liberal institutions in Denmark
which no people is better qualified to enjoyed, that
we hope the observations we may venture to make
on this Parliamentary crisis in their affairs will be
favourably received before the country proceeds
to the business of the elections on the 26th of
February.
The motive of the Government in proposing to
include the Duchy of Holstein within the same
line of custom-houses as the other portions of the
King of Denmark's dominions is obviously to con-
solidate by commercial intercourse and union that
common political interest which is expressed and
represented by the integrity of the Danish
monarchy. Moreover, if Holstein 'is not to be in-
cluded within the commercial system of Denmark,
with her low tariff, her colonial trade, and her in-
creasing commerce with England, the Duchy must
necessarily fall sooner or later into the German
Customs' Union, and Germany would again acquire
fresh grounds of interference in the internal affairs
of the province. Altona would rapidly lose its im-
portance as the rival port of Hamburgh, and
the restrictive influence of the South German
States, with their Protectionist policy, would be
extended to the Eyder. It is therefore the evi-
dent duty of the Danish Government to remove
the internal line of custom-houses, and to give all
the subjects of the monarchy access to the same
freedom of commercial intercourse. The opposi-
tion, to this measure has come, strangely enough,
from the old Danish party in the Diet, the very
men who showed with harness on their backs, that
all the force of Germany, aiding and abetting an
insurrection, would not compel them to forego one
jot of the lawful rights of their Sovereign. But it
is one of the unfortunate results of sueh a contest
that it has left behind it feelings of irritation and
resentment which are not so easily closed as the
last protocol. The Danes have preserved a strong
sense of the perils to which they were lately ex-
posed by the conduct of their Germanic fellow-
countrymen ' • and though the King's Government
is Jound to deal in perfect fairness with the
d u tinct parts and races of his Majesty's do-
anions, the _feelings of the respective provinces
re still so embittered that fusion is reprobated
as if it implied submission. The Government has
announced its intention of providing, as far as
possible, for the united organisation of the whole
monarchy, with separate local institutions in Den-
mark Proper, in Schleswig, and in Holstein, but
with one public organ for the common interests of
the State in finance, diplomacy, and defence. To
this scheme the extreme Danish party is as much
opposed as the extreme German party in the
Duchies ; because, as Holstein forms part of the
Germanic Confederation, it is apprehended that
Germany will exercise a greater influence over
Denmark through the province of Holstein in
union with that kingdom than if it were an inde-
pendent Duchy. But, in truth, the most effectual
barrier to be raised against the political influence
of the German States in the Danish dominions is
the establishment of open and identical commer-
cial relations between all parts of the monarchy.
To resist the establishment of such relations
is, in fact, to consign the Duchies to that
foreign influence which so lately threatened their
allegiance to the Crown, and to introduce an in-
vidious distinction. between the dominions of the
same Sovereign. We hold that to perpetuate these
distinctions in mixed countries is impolitic and
unpatriotic, and we may speak with the more
authority on this subject as the progress and the
welfare of the United Kingdom of England, Scot-
land, and Ireland is the most striking example in
history of what may be effected by the sacrifice of
narrow international prejudices to great public
interests. It was in that same narrow and resent-
ful spirit that England and Scotland well nigh
dissolved the Treaty of Union, and hardly acknow-
ledged its beneficial results till a century after it
was concluded. And as barely half that dime has •
elapsed since the union with Ireland ‘v-.4 accom-
plished, we still see, in many of our -atoms with
that country, signs of incomplete Less and ineffici-
ency. But not the less is it the conviction of every
British statesman that the principle of these
unions is irrevocable. If it was. worth while for
the people of Denmark to make great efforts and
sacrifices to maintain theii connexion with the
Duchies against internal resistance and foreign
aggression, it is a still more , -nerative duty to
support that connexion by enlightmled and impar-
tial legislation. The Government has shown its •
desire to act that part, and it would be extremely
injurious to the character of the nation, and, of its
existing institutions, if the intentions of the Crown
for the united organisation of monarchy were frus-
trated by the factious or intolerant opposition of
the Diet. The existence of Denmark under the
treaties and provisions which have recently received
the sanction of all the chief powers depends on the
forbearance of the Danish party and on the equality
theydomfe
ora allr et disastrousoot hirn ue subjectstohfethprepareDe e
ctfellow-countrymen
nhofr
fegte wayhei
set .
—Ctrhf
changes.—Times.
rwii
r and.h.eri
ni
struggles
ot thehGovern-
ment
oDuchies,na ns

[PRICE SD.

credit bills at 2s. lid. to 2s. lad., and for documents at
2s. lid. to 2s. lid. On China? 218 rs. per 100 dollars, and
on Calcutta, 92rs. at 60 days' sight.

BOMBAY MONEY MAREET.
Dec. 2.—Exchanges--On London : at six months' sight
per r., 2s. lid. for document bills ; six months'
sight, per r., 2s. I+l. for credit bills. On Calcutta:
at 60 days' sight, 99 ; 30 days' sight, 994r5.; at sight,
99 1-16 rs. On Madras : at 30 days sight; 994 ;at sight,
99g. On China : at 60 days' sight, per 100 dirs. 218.
Freights.—To London, 4/. ss. to 4/. 10s. per ton ;to
Liverpool, 4/. ss. per ton ; to Calcutta, nominal per rass. ;
to China, 22rs. per caddy.

CALCUTTA, JAN. 5.
The sales of indigo by public sale and private contract
since the opening of the season, comprise about 3,000
chests from all parts. These have been mostly taken for
continental Europe at an advance of 45r. to 55r. on last
year's value. All qualities of sugar are still scarce. About
2,003 bags of low and middling have been sent to Austra-
lia. Saltpetre is in good request at an advance of 2s. per
maund on the finer qualities of 5 and less refraction.
f Considerable shipments of rice are in progress to Great
Britain. The November bund silk is beginning to appear
in the market, and the parcels as they arrive are readily
'liken at current, rates ; this bund is chiefly the manufac.
ture and property of Europeans. A better inclination to
operate in corahs is apparent on the part of shippers, but
holders, as is usually the case with them when such a dis-
position is manifested, have raised their 'demands, which
has had the effect of checking business. Lac dye and
shellac continue in favour, but the supplies of desirable
qualities are limited ; 2,226 maunds of lac dye and 2,995
shell lac have been exported to Great Britain in the course
of last month. Hides are proceeding in large numbers to
Great Britain at unchanged value. Linseed is taken ex-
tensively by the Americans but only a very small quan-
tity has gone to Great Britain, owing to the dearness of
the article, which is quoted at Rs. 2-6-2-8 per mannd.
Jute continues in good demand, at 12-8 to 14-0 per bale.
Very little has been done in rum, and nothing in ginger
for the British market. Cutch continues scarce, -but we
may expect larger supplies when Pegu becomes settled
under British rule. '
In Me ibsence of •a-revival of demand from the upper
provinces, our import market has since the departureof the
last mail remained very quiet and devoid of any remarkable
feature. Grey shirtings continue to sell freely. Bleached
shirtings are also in fair request, and the prices of the low
and middling kinds have moved up a little. In other de-
scriptions of cotton piece goods we have little change to
report. A shade decline is observable in several of the less
important fabrics. Mule twist continues very- steady,
although the quantity placed has been comparatively
limited. Turkey red yarns, both British and German, are
in moderate inquiry, at full previous value. The demand
for orange is small. Green, after a long period of inaction,
is in active request, and realises 15 annas for light and
12-9 annas deeper shades. The inquiry for copper has
been small, and prices are looking down, especially the tile
and sheathing sorts. The iron market is less steady,
holders being more anxious to realise, and dealers less dis-
posed to operate. The demand for spelter is inconsiderable,
but holders are firm and looking for an advance. Tin
plates are in good demand. Lead is in fair request at
former quotations.
The money market remains plentifully supplied, and
loans are procurable on comparatively very easy terms,
although the rate of interest and discount, as compared
with those which rule at home, still appear high. The
share market continues firm. We quote Bank of Bengal
shares at Rs. 6,050 ; Agra Bank at 600 • India General
Steam Company, 500 ; and Bonded Warehouse, 245.
Government Securities declined about 1 per cent. but
they have again rallied, and now stand at our last:quo-
tations; viz., 107-4 to 107-8, new fives ; 104-8 Sicca ditto ;
94 Company's fours ; and`93 Sicca ditto.
Exchange has been very firm, and we may still quote
first class paper at 2-1, with an upward tendency.
Freights have also been firm, with a slight advance in
the rates for some articles. We quite saltpetre at 3/. ss. ;
sugar at Si. 17s. 6d. to 3/. 10s. ; and Rice at 4/. to London.
Indigo.—Scarcely any buyers for the English market
have as yet come forward. The delay in the arrival of the
mail has retarded business.

SHRAPNEL'S QUARTZ CRUSHING MACHINE.

The following is from a correspondent of the Mining
Journal of Satitrday :
" I am deeply interested in the question of quart
crushing, and I have made it my business to become ac-
quainted with the various systems which have been in-
troduced for that purpose: It is very far from my wish
or disposition to undervalue the ingenious efforts of those
who are striving to improve the various processes con-
nected with the science of mining ; but being, at the
same time, somewhat practical in my ideas, I was not a
little surprised at the positive and dogmatical importance
with which the invention of a Captain Shrapnel was pa-
raded last week in your columns, as well as in those of
certain non-scientific periodicals. The worthy captain's
invention, as all the world is now aware, is for crushing
gold quartz by the explosive force of gunpowder or gun-
cotton, and a more forcible mode of operating upon such
a refractory substance as quartz it is scarcely possible
to conceive ; but we, who are operating upon hundreds and
hundreds of tons, require something more than mere ab-
stract force—we want economy. Now, it would be very
unjust on my part to assert, as an incontrovertible fact,
that which I have merely received as suoh from other
parties ;.but still I do not think that the report to which
I am about to make reference is likely to meet with any
vast amount of contradiction. We are told by the news-
papers that the apparatus consists of a gun and a 10-feet
cubical wrought-iron chamber, one side of which is half-
an-inch thick, and strengthened by iron stanchions. The
cost of the apparatus is said to be 4001., the number of
men to work it five, and the quantity of quartz which
may be pulverised in a day from 30 to 40 tons. Being,
as I before stated, greatly interested in these matters,
and very closely occupied withal, I asked a friend to go
and witness the exhibition, and furnish me with a few
particulars. He did so, and now reports to the follows
ingeffect

-"The gun was charged each time with 2 ozs. of pow-
der, and, as far as the eye could judge, with about 8 lbs.
of quartz. Each explosion reduced a considerable por-
tion of the rock to powder, and eight such explosions
took place within about half an hour, though it must be
observed that the firing was not continuous.
" From these data we deduce the following:—As 8 lbs.
are to 2 ozs., so is 1 ton to 35 Dos ; therefore, 35 lbs. of
tongunpowder
ef
quartz; a are
and requiredtaking
thefor
pricet h the
fgunpowder
choubttanthtojepulverisationiwnh:efealechahypnvtranapeeohtidvvalr
icaheerekolssiarffthohviotsspot:hiuedoiuonoei Tnaleerrkndng.
.;
per cwt., this is equivalent, in round numbers, to 155.,
f
is
oLtdcshslB
acoof2eoern
eithatthr2btffibenoi2sde-
scribed. Istdcat.item
t,ln,huloakßge:weyove. lu;ohatr, ai yeiapdwtmdmih
iascet liberalpi olhnlianywosi
knboeter
wrong,
too,3nefn,
oat wogtucmf
poet
osgriarpgfseni:otahhl
sidhi
preliminary
itgbi geet :
putting
yagmlo3tagpmoOrsa
seautyosaee lifast.tonsssdennniotenioolt
of 30 tons in l`z. hours, but my informant only saw about
ch
t
r
this gives a result of 160 lbs. in the hour, or 1,920 lbs. in
one ton per day ! Will the inventor be so kind as to
appa-
ratus may do or can do, but what it may be shown to
is to get at the truth for my own benefit, and I may say,
for the benefit of others who may be interested in the
question of quartz crushing. What rather surprised
me was, that in the paragraph describing Captain Sharp-
nel's invention, the writer should speak of it as being so
infinitely superior to any of the new-fangled apparatus
for crushing, concerning which he observes—" we hear
so many absurd tales." I do not precisely know to
what this refers, but I am able to say, from my
own personal experience, that some of this new-
fangled apparatus, as it is termed, answers its
purpose remarkably well—not only for crushing
but for spalling as well. I do not like to be-
lieve everything I hear, and I confess that I was very
incredulous concerning the power and effect of the new
steam-stamps' advertised in your columns, until I had
actually seen them. I went down into Wales to the
Spitty Copper-Works, and through the kindness of the
manager I was at once readily allowed every facility for
ehgervation and experiment. From what I then saw, I
forthwith gave an order to the patentees for three 4-horse
engines for myself, and I recommended the invention so
strongly and conscientiously to the directors of two gold
mining companies, who placed some faith in my judg-
ment upon these matters, that they were induced to
order five more between them ; and, I may add, so
far are they from regretting the step which they then
took, that they have it now in contemplation to order
a further supply. Some of your readers .may, perhaps,
feel a prepossession in favour of one plan or of another,
but give me a thing which has been tried, and proved in
practice to be good. My engines have cost me 1101. each
day of 12 hours ; and if any of yourill
readers
ienrsterest in theny
Theyefinsteadvel,w.
their 4 O 0
crush/. powerwTi
th with
ye
enaa
ser are worked
problematical
ton s boyf t
ur three men
emz x insteadaei(aoevrraee
aper.
doubt upon that point, and feel a p
Spitty
matter at rest. Allow me to say that I
of setting the
derived much valuable infor-
mationhave, on many occasions,
Works, and
nleat
jthedemgedfoerasthl
tothethbeesSt
columns, and I have,
from the perusal of your
in contributing my mite o
therefore, very great pleasure
emhasveelveds-orFtt—hlacagtois
practical experience to the general stock."

PRIZE OF THREE HUNDRED POUNDS iron THE BEST
ENGLISH ESSAY ON THE HINDU SYSTEM OF PHILOSOPHY.
—A member of the civil service of the Hon. East India
Company, on the Bengal establishment, has placed in the
hands of Messrs. Hoare, bankers, London, in the names
of the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lord Bishop
of London, and the Lord Bishop of Oxford, as his trus-
tees, the sum of 3001. sterling, as a prize to the com-
poser, in the English language, of the-best essay in refu.
tation of the errors of Hindu philosophy, according to
Vedanta, Nyaya, and Sankhya systems. The adjudir
cators of this handsome prize are the Rev. W. H. Mill,
D.D., Regius Professor of Hebrew, University of Cam-
bridge ; the Rev. Wm. Whevoll, D.D., Master of Tri '
Uitraceversißaty of Oxf7orict
rivethe:
nsoitny, College, Cambridge ;psan„,andeseNfrriatr,:
to cause to be depo-
spayrsepiato,t- thtieenoffieot?
theof tGheesplnelcoinr-
The candidates for this r,..,
Foreign Parts, No. 79, Pall-mall,
psiotercalletdheSirocreietsypecfot
London, on or before
the last day of December, 1854. The refutation o the fun-
damental errors of the Hindu philosophy
is to contain a demonstration (supported by such arguments, and con-
veyed in such a form and manner, as may be most likely
to prove convincing to learned -Moduli imbued with
these errors) of the following
principles of Christian
theism, namely :—First, of the real, and not merely ap-
parent or illusory, distinctness of God from all other
spirits and from matter ; and of the creation (in the pro-
per sense) of all other spirits and of matter by God, in
opposition to the Vedanta ; second, of the non-eternit7
of separate souls and their creation by God, in opposi-
tion to the Nyaya and Sankhya; third, of the creation
of matter, in opposition to the tenet of its eternity in
the shape of atoms (as maintained in the Nyaya schools),
Or in the shape of Prakriti (as maintained by the Sank-
hya)vern ; fourth, of the moral character anal moral
goof the
ment of God, and of the reality and perpetuity
difference between moral good and evil ; with reference,
to each dogmas of the above systems as are opposed
to those doctrines. Amongst other instructions, it is
directed that the essay or treatise should pimple in
style, and the be
lucid in the manner of treating argu-
ment, adapted, as far as may
be, to the Hindu habits
of thinking ; and it should communicate to him, as
occasion arises, any preliminary information which hemay need. The competition intended
is to be general,
f Great Britain and Ireland.
DANGEROUS not limited to natives o
FlRl.—Yesterday(Sunday) morning,
DANGEROUS
about five o'clock, a
fire of an alarming character was
Nos. 3 and
discovered on the premises,4, Churchway, St.
Pancras, in the occupation of Mr. Brett, a marine store
dealer.
An alarm was immediately raised, and the in-
mates ~
escaped with difficulty. In doing so, Mr. Brett
unfortunately fell from the first-floor window on his
head, and received such injuries as rendered his imme-
diate conveyance to the hospital necessary. The engines
of the fire-brigade were speedily on the spot, but, al-
though the fire was speedily got under, owing to the
nature of the building, it, together with the furaitur
. and other contents, was completely destroyed.

Ate
ich—
A correspondent sr
AeshPoßrOtlfEtiSmEeON
since, there
says NEFABIouS CONr0701:
was mention made of the elopement of the daughter o
a Dorset baronet with a gentleman of the medical pro-
fession ; and in some of the papers these parties were
erroneously confounded with two individuals who were
guilty of a similar escapade at Stourbridge, in Worces-
tershire. The Dorset elopement is a peculiar one, for
seldom has such an outrage been committed on society,
nor can the annals o !rascality afford an instance in
which professional privileges were more grossly abused.
A physician, a Scotchman, practised in a town in Dor-
setshire ; he was a married man, with a family of beau-
tiful children ; his wife possessed personal attractions,
and an amiable disposition ; he was called in profession-
ally to attend a family who lived in the neighbourhood,
and the head of which was an aged baronet of ancient
lineage, and he 'seduced the daughter. This could not
be proved, however, and the rascal was enabled, by the
privileges of his profession, to conceal his own improper
intimacy and his victim's infatuation, at least from the
father. A short time since the father died, and the doc-
tor brought in a bill to the family of 1,3001. for profes-
sional attendance. This sum was hundreds of pounds
more than he was entitled to, but he was paid, and im-
plored to cease the unhappy and disgraceful connexion
which he had formed. He took the money, ran away
'with the daughter, and of course forsook his virtuous
I wife and innocent children."