The Sun.
London, England, 1853-02-21 00:00:00

HIGH WATER AT LONDI

ON BRIDGE.

MS DAT —Morning 5 min. after 12 I Evening 35 min.aft. 12
To-Moßßow—Morning 0 min. after 1 1 Evening 22 min.aft. 1

THE WEATHER.—Sax Orrica, F. 20.

THERMOMETER, IN THA SHADE.

27—highest since noon yesterday.
19—lowest this morning and during the night.
30—this day at noon.

BAROMETER, 2853 rising.,WlND,
N.—Fine, clear, frosty weather, with sunshine,

FEBRUARY 21. •
31-11gheat since noon, yesterday. •
2:1—lowest this morning,and during the night.
32—this day, at noon.

BeRomETEn, 30'11,- rising rapidly.
WIND, N.W.—Cloudy weather. •

DAILY WEA7HER TABLE.

MONDAY, FEB. 21, 1853.

State of the wind and weather at each of the following
places at nine o'clock on Saturday morning. The stations
are airanged in order of latitude.

LIMERICK—N., strong breeze—cloudless, frost.
MULLINGAR—N., strong breeze—snow.
HASTINGS—N.E., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
ForauesToNE—N.E., light breeze—partially cloudy.
TUNBRIDGE—N.W., strong breeze—snow.
GREENWIOH—N.E., gentle breeze—cloudless.
STRooD—N., calm—partially cloudy.
SwiNnoN—N.E., fresh breeze—cloudy.
CAMBRIDGE—N., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
YARMOIITH—E., strong breeze--cloudless.
HOLYHEAD—N.E., gentle breeze—frost, snow.
WHITBY—N.N.W_„_. gentle breeze—frost, snow.
DARLINGTON—W.N.W., gentle breeze - partially cloudy,
hard frost, snow.
SHAY—N., gentle breeze—partially cloudy, hard frost
snow.

The returns from the following places indicate the state
of the weather on Friday morning at nine o'clock :
HASTINGS—N., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
FOLKESTONE—N., light breeze—overcast.
TUNBRIDGE—N.-W.., hard wind—snow.
GREENWICH—N.N.W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
STROOD—N., strong breeze—snow.
SWINDON—N., strong breeze—cloudless.
LEIGHToN—N' . strong breeds--hard frost.
HOLYHEAD—N.N.E., strong breeze—hard frost, snow.
SNAP—N.W., calm—overcast, hard frost, snow.

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me,
,•••• •
W.:4r

'LONDON, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1858.

Transportation to Van Diemen's Land has been
abolished, and the transmission of convicts to any
of our Australian colonies is only to be con-
tinued for a limited time, and to Western Austra-
lia exclusively. This is as it should be. The
Duke of NEWCASTLE has entitled himself to the
thanks of our brethren at the Antipodes for the
removal of the grievance under which they so
long suffered, and the tardy recognition of their
just demands. There was no procrastination or
indecision to be complained of on his part. And the
determination at which he arrived, and which was
so promptly and decisively announced, affords the
best auguries for the future administration, by
the Noble Duke, of the affairs of the important
department over which he presides.
While thus rendering the honour to which the
Noble Secretary is so eminently entitled, it is but
an act of simple justice to state that his prede-
cessor, Sir JOHN PAKINGTON, had arrived' at a
like decision, and that, had the Right Hon.
Baronet remained in office, a similar determination
Would ere this time have been communicated to
parliament and the country. We do not make
this statement for the purpose of disparaging the
Duke of NEWCASTLE, or impairing the credit to
which he is entitled for his just and po-
litic resolution. We have, unfortunately,. known
Colonial Ministers
who exhibited • a perverse
and obstinate determination to accede to no ap-
plication, however reasonable, and to reverse
every politic arrangement of their predecessors.
Our Australian fellow-subjects may rejoice at
finding that the disposition of the Noble Duke
is so very different. But, while bestowing the
thanks and gratitude fairly due to him by whom
the good work has been consummated, Ws should
not forget the others who lent efficient aid to the
completion of the edifice. Sir Jonzr PAKrivorox
then, who first bestowed an attentive and unpre-
judiced consideration upon the complaints of the
Tasmanians, is entitled to participate in 6.9. laurels
acquired by his noble 'successor, who wisely and
judiciously carried out the project on which he
had resolved. But the chief credit, after all, is
due to Mr. JOHN C. Kura, the efficient
and energetic agent of the colony, to whose
ineassant and judicious exertions, and vigorous
arid unanswerable denunciations of the iniquitous
'system, may be attributed the cessation of the
polluting stream of crime----the fatal gift of the
mother country to its promising offspring. We
have long since alluded to the beneficial labours
of this gentleman, and rejoice to find that the
sound truths to which he gave utterance have at
length prevailed—that the good cause has achieved
sgnal a triumph.
that
Now that the victory has been accomplished
tardyjustice has been rendered to our brethren
—the only thing that can create aAtonishment will be

that—we will not call it the boon, but—the simple
act of justice was so long delayed. Why should
we have continued for so many years to send the
outcasts of society, those marked with the inde-
lible brands of crime to a fair and promising 4e-
pendency, which only required judicious treatment
to render it one of the brightest gems in the Im-
perial diadem ? If our object had been to foster
the bad passions—to bring into one narrow com-
munity all the crimes and vices that have de-
graded, and still degrade humanity—to congre-
gate the evil demons, still permitted to lead
mankind astray—in fact, to create a " hell upon
earth," we could not have pursued a course
more likely to terminate in such a result. The
most accomplished villany the most brutal
insensibility were combined together to
create a moral deformity. The polished and
unscrupulous swindler and the clever forger were
associated with burglars and robbers, with offen-
ders of the deepest dye, who, but for the humane
alterations in the criminal code effected under the
auspices of Sir ROBERT PRIM, would have expiated
their atrocities on the scaffold ; and the stupid
country yokel, who had not sufficient fortitude to
resist his love for hares or pheasants, was placed
under such tuition until he rivalled his teachers,
and when the opportunity occurred was prepared
to show how much he had profited by their :in-
structions.

Such were the gifts we bestowed on bur
children. They asked for assistance; they of-
fered remunerative employment to all that we could
send—plenty and abundance to those who at home
had only experienced starvation and destitution,
and whose former privations would only bestow
an additional zest to the enjoyment of theunworited
comforts of their new home. But in place of a
blessing we gave them a curse—in place of healthy,
well-disposed labourers, able and willing to work, and
desirous of acting justly towards their emplopers,, we
sent the very outcasts of society—those whose
repeated offences and notorious characters taught
their Judges that reformation was hopeless
..that the noxious weed should be excerpted
from the wholesome crop. We sent these
wretched. criminals in numbers sufficient to :ex-
ceed the " true men," and then wondered at'the
importunacy of those who thought proper to Om-
plain of the system which, in our wisdom, we
deemed expedient. This is now happily altered,
but ample reparation is due to the sufferers. ,
Ancient Rome might have become a mighty em-
pire from a degraded and criminal stock, but there
was not a constant accession of crime—a conti-
nued increase to the convict population of men
who must necessarily taint and corrupt every
honourable feeling in the hearts of those with
whom they were associating.
In another part of our impression will be found
a very able article on the subject which we have
extracted from the Times, and which clearly points
out the evils to- which we have alluded. The
matter is there placed in the clearest light, and we
would, earnestly invite public., attention thereto.
An excellent article from a .respected weekly- con-
,temporary—the Observer—will also be found well
-worthy .of isnrusal, for although it does ,not
' allude' to the penal part- of the subjeat, it so
clearly. 'points,. out the: almost miraculous na-,
1 tural,advantagqs, of our Australian dependencies,
as to show in the strongest light the injustice and
impropriety of continuing a system fraught with
so many inconveniences to the colony, and pricti-
cally holding out a premium to vice in this coun-
try. The discoveries of coal the true
black diamond the source of national
wealth greater far than the most preci-
ous metals, and which will be fully and fairly
worked by an influential company, confirms ithe
most sanguine anticipations that can be entertained
as to the future prospects of the colony, now that
the plague-spot, the lowering cloud, has been
banished from her political horizon.

An ancient successor of the Apostles, one in-
deed ordained by PAUL himself, one to whom
Episcopalians have always referred as the Right
Rev. TIMOTHY, Bishop of Ephesus, was enjoined
in a part of the Apostolic charge, to " preach the
word, and to be instant in season and out of sea-
son." We know not to what extent the Right
Rev. HENRY, Bishop of Exeter, obeys this last
clause in regard to preaching, but we are quite
sure he most strenuously acts upon it as Colonial
Church-monger. In 1840, he was "instant out of
season," frustrating by legal quibbles an Act which
gave the Episcopal Reformed Church in Canada
half the proceeds of the Clergy Reserves, although
it was but a small minority, and the other half
was to be divided among the other more numerous

sects ; he was " instant out of season," enforcing
such modifications as have kept the quarrel alive
from that time, to this ; and now, again, this
"stormy petrel" of the Church and the Colonies,
is "instant out of season" anticipating most un-
seasonably, a bill not yet before the House of
Lords, and prognosticating an odious tempest.
HENRY of Exeter must be a holy man ; ;he
could not otherwise have that epithet " godless"
for ever on his sacred lips. " Godless" are all
the multitude of emigrants who preferred, Bishop-
less, to worship their GOD. "No Bishop, no
King," said KING JA3fES. "No Bishop, no GOD,"
says HENRY. " Godless," too, are all the purposes
to which money can be applied if it be diverted
from hierarchical pockets ; reminding us of ano-
ther passage in the apostolical charge to the first
Right Rev. of Ephesus,—which adverts to those
who thought " gain godliness." True, the clergy
of that creed he of Ephesus was enjoined to shun
—but the practice of Bishops in " the three first
centuries," the favourite code at Exeter—reversed
the decision of PAUL ; and now godliness is mea-
sured by the amount of clerical X. s. d.—ungod-
liness by the amount of secular £ s. d. We
should suggest that the unmeaning epithet reve-
rend be dropped, and that the formula henceforth
be, the Right Godly HENRY, &c., &c. His Lord-
ship applies his episcopal standard of godliness,
we suppose, in speaking of " the Colonists." He
repeatedly speaks of them as if there were no
other Colonists than those opposed to the Govern-
ment propositions ; should the godless (1. e.,
Bishop-less) Independents, Freechurchmen, Me-
thodists, Baptists, and the rest, remind the Bishop
that they are Christians, or, at least, men, he
would no doubt rejoin in the words of MACBETH—.
" Aye, in the catalogue, ye go for men ;
As hounds, and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs,
Shoughs, water-rugs, and demi•wolves are 'cleped
All by the name of dogs."

His Lordship's ignoring, however, all other
Christians, or men, but the episcopally and, there-
fore, godly-minded, makes his logic as against the
proposed Bill, very bad. The Bill merely intrusts
the whole affair to the Colonists. If they therefore
be opposed to secularisation, and would even pray
to have such power withheld from them, why need
the worthy Bishop fear for the clerical gold ?
This question may be asked of all who would draw
a hostile argument from the supposed preference
of the colonists for present arrangements. If
such be their preference, why this English oppo-
sition ? They are " good and safe men." If, on
the contrary, these ignored men compose the great
majority, what folly to wish, by an intermeddling
imperial Act, to override the knowledge and
wishes of the colonists. Let the Bishops and the
House of Lords be assured that they cannot
modify or curtail the proposed measure, except to
perpetuate strife. A single clause which the colo-
nists disapprove, will be a sore place till it is re-
Pealed, and will diminish the heartiness of colonial
loyalty. It may even hasten a separation.
The particulars of the Bill are not yet before
us, but we are bound to accord unreserved praise
to Mr. F. PEEL and the Government, for all that
was stated by them on Tuesday night. They
took a consistent and manly view of the rights of
the Colonies. Such principles as they defended
would, if carried out, insure a substantial union
in some form between England and her present
dependencies aslong as England herself remains
what she is. Under a system of perfect Free
Trade, and of thoroughly self-government, it is
not easy to conceive of our colonies wishing to
break an imperial connexion which guarantees their
safety from hostile attack, while it leaves them free
to the most prosperous self-development. We gave
so lately (see .The Sun of December 14th) a clear
,history of the matter that our readers will not

wish it repeated. Suffice it to' say, that these
Clergy Reserves, which have been a subject of
dispute ever since Upper Canada began to be
peopled, which had a sad share in the rebellion of
1837, which Lord SYDENHAM and the Canadians
had settled amicably by a Bill sent home for con-
firmation, but which Bill the Bishop of EXETER
turned into the present cause of strife, these
Reserves—partly lands, and partly money, the
proceeds of lands—..the Canadians desire to do
with as they please, subject to life interests of
parties concerned. This the Government proposes
to grant. Lord Gummi and Lord GREY did the
same ; indeed Sir JOHN PAKINGTON is the only
Colonial Secretary who has resisted their demand.
His only objection was that it would divide the
colony into Upper and Lower Canada again, and
both ultimately and quickly, perhaps, from the
mother country. He wishes to treat as null the
votes of Catholic members from Lower Canada,
hopes that Upper Canada might furnish a majority
in time against intrusting the funds to colonial
management (a most unlikely thing), and then, by
pitting Catholics against Protestants, to keep things
as they are. And for what amount of money, gentle
reader, do you suppose that the united Canadas
are to be embroiled with each other and made
disaffected towards England why to secure
merely some 12,000 a-year to the English Episco-
pal Church in Canada I Sir JOHN PAKINGTON,
Sir HARRY INGLIS, and the Bishop of EXRTER are
ready for this miserable pittance, which the
Bishop of LONDON, and a few others, would hardly
miss, to keep up a constant irritation abroad and
at home, and there is little doubt to endanger the
loyalty of Canada. We perfectly agree with the
Times, that it was nothing less than bad faith in
Sir JOHN PAKINGTON not to carry out the pro-
mises made by Earl GREY, and to bring in the
Bill now proposed while he was in office. He had
better be quiet now. He must yield at last, or
prepare to occupy, not to govern Canada, unless he
would see it completely independent.
We think it the bitterest sarcasm which can be
flung at the Episcopal Church in Canada, that it
will be endangered by the possibility of losing
12,000 a-year. The sums awarded annually to
all the sects which will take State pay, the Church
included, is little above 20,0001. A sum easily
enough raised, if needed, by their co-religionists
here in England. We believe with Mr. F. PEEL
that the Church of England must rely on its own
merits and the character of its clergy for success
in Canada, and that nothing could be more fatal
to its interest than to be loaded with the burden
of undue partiality and favour on the part of the
Government.

The case of the MADIAJS has been argued once
more ; it has been brought before the highest
earthly court in which it can be heard, and it has
not been heard in vain. True, that court de-
clined to take action, or rather left its highest
members—the advisers of their Sovereign—to act
for it ; but it distinctly pronounced its judgment.
It did so by ratifying 'the proceedings' of the sic
cessive Foreign: Secretaries, 'Flaci. had in the
strongest terms, allowable appealed to the Popish
Duke, through -.the. British Representative at
the Court of Tuscany. Sir: ROBERT -PEEL de-
nominated our House of Contnons' " the grand
inquest of the nation"—it is the grand inquest of
Europe also. A free press promptly utters the
cries of the oppressed in the ears of every English-
man—a short time tests their claims to sympathy ;
and what all Eiaglishmen feel strongly, the House
of Commons must in some form discuss. Well
that it is so. A condemnatory debate in West-
minster at once checks the rampancy of tyranny,
and raises the hands of its victims in gratitude to
GOD. Messengers will not be wanting to tell the
MADIAIS that not only independent members of
the British Senate, but two of her most illustrious
statesmen, nobly vindicated their humble but
righteous cause—to tell them that but one man,
and he an apostate from the gentle creed of the
Society of Friends to the exclusive one of Rome, had
a word to say for their persecutorg—a man who,
on Tuscan and Papal principles, would now be in
a common gaol, or indeed under the knife of the
guillotine ; but who on Protestant principles takes
his seat in the British House of Commons ! A
religious CA TALINE there assuredly, since, could
ho get all power into the hands of his sect, he
argues for silencing by violence the doctrines of
his fellow members.

The case of the MADIAIS, in the worst light in
which a bitterly Popish Editor and Irish Member
of Parliament can place it, is as good a one as any
Protestant could wish for. Turning to the books
for reading and teaching which they now linger
in bonds, they might say with an apostolic victim
of religious malice—" They neither found us dis-
puting with any man, neither raising up the peo-
ple, neither in the synagogues nor in the city ;
neither can they prove the things whereof they now
accuse us. But this we confess, that after the
way which they call heresy, so worship we the
GOD of our fathers."against tThheme virulenta t
and brings n
urged
o charge h
othersarge to read the Bible. ex-Quaker
they read
this
last clause expresses, according to Mr. LNwuecA's ,the
butlt mteighteatebhe Ja'ust servant permis-
siblete gaol-deservingto read
a Bible,
read it is unendurable. Mr. L ucAs deserves
no other answer than astonishment at his
impudence. Had he been brought up from
infancy, like a kind of Papal SAMUEL,
in the precincts of the Vatican itself, had
he never heard of nor enjoyed the bl •
essmg of reli-
gious freedom, were he now forbidden to hear
mass, to confess, to say his paternosters and aye-
marias, and to convert to Popery all the Protest-
ants he can, we might, perhaps, bear with him ;
but wafitoning in full liberty himself—liberty even
to defend the remorseless Popery of Tuscany--we
deem the being self-disgraced who advocates bonds
and imprisonment for teaching the Word of Gon—
as Mr. DRUMMOND happily observed, for teaching
the laity to read that New Testament which, as
soon as they opened it they found to be addressed,
almost exclusively, to them
Mr. LUCAS is, indeed, a little come down since
he penned his fierce reply to Sir Ctruarro EARDLEY.
He does not now advocate death to " those who
(by means of the Bible) make people devils, or
worse"—he would only " exterminate" them—we
suppose he means drive them beyond the termini
of the country, a mercy which has been asked in
vain for the MADIAIS, and a punishment which,
if retorted upon Mr. LUCAS, would, perhaps,
make him happy in the Court of the GRAND
DUKE. It is impossible, however, to find an aigu-
ment for the DuKz in Mr. LUCAS'S speech which
needs an answer. The most like one is that
" Tuscany would not allow foreigners to tamper
with its religion." Granting, howeve,r, that the
MADIAIS might have first learned from fereigners to
prefer the teachings of the Word of GOD to the dicta of
Priests and Popes, yet the MADIAIS were natives,
the foreigners were gone, and the whole is a ques-
tion not of deporting foreign missionaries, but of
persecuting native Christians. For a believer i
st
n
the POPE'S supremacy, too, to exclaim
agion !
ain
foreign intermeddling with a nation's relig
if that may properly be a subject of punishment,
why, of course, the Ecclesiasticalu th Titles
that to
Bill is
superabundantly justified. The tr is,
persecute any one for teaching the religious views
Loud
which he believes to be truth, is,
as d JOHN
remarks, " a great moral Milne."
Mr. LUCAS twitted Lord PALMERSTON with he
expulsion of the Jesuits from Switzerland. H
was doubly answered, that the POPE himself had
declared the institution of the Jesuits to be incom-
patible with the taus© of good order ; that Spain,
the most Catholic country in Europen, expelled
them also, and on political grounds ; ad that, in
this case, it was with the concurrence of Catholic
France, and because both Governments recognised
in them the sole cause of Swiss
LdUCAS, but isturbancein s.
Tahiti was also dragged in by
Mr.
vain. We never justified the law of Tahiti which
forbids " foreign intermeddling" with the religion
which the Missionaries had introduced—but, as
Lord PALMERSTON remarked, these Missionaries
were not east into dungeons, they were merely
quietly " ex terminated," as Mr. L. calls it. Mr,
LUCAS seems to exult in the enforcement of Papal
Missionaries :aid French protection on the island
by French connon. Would he recommend the'
introduction of a, Mission to Tuscany from the

Protestant Alliance on the same plan ? We can
assure him that it would rejoice the hearts of tens
of thousands of suppressed Italian Protestants, and
not, as in the case of Tahiti, raise the population
against the foreigners. As to Sweden or Meck-
lenburg, or any persecuting Protestant country,
Lord JOHN declared that the Foreign Minister, if
appealed to concerning any case of persecution,
would readily instruct the British Representative
to remonstrate with the Government on a practice
so inconsistent with the maxims of modern civili-
sation. It was overlooked by all in reply to these
taunts of Mr. LUCAS, that Protestants.are not one
sect like the Romanists. There is no English
Lutheran Church, for instance. Hence on no par-
ticular class of Protestants here is the disgraceful
brna affix
that where they have power they
area
persecutinged class. But one Foreign Sec-
retaryat least has lately shown himself ener-
getic in rescuing from foreign persecution a
member of a Protestant sect with whose
views his Lordship could have little in common.
We were recently informed by a gentleman, who
was himself a part of the deputation, of the effi-
cient manner in which Lord PALMERSTON once did
remonstrate with the Protestant Government of
deputation were proceeding
thither to
Theoobtainthe emancipation of Mr. ONCKEN,
who had been imprisoned for teaching Baptist sen-
timents. They waited on Lord PALMERSTON, and
told him their errand ; he received them most
cordially, assured them of his heartiest co-opera-
tion " Gentleman," he added, " I fully ex-
pect you will find it will not be in vain." Nor
was
At first the British Consul there shook
;andt
his head, but on their showing him the papers
intrusted to them by Lord PALMERSTON, he im-
mediately assured them that all would end right,
and rightly it did end ; the prisoner was soon at
liberty, and to this day teaches and preaches his
peculiar views. Without casting any slight upon
others, we certainly could wish that the whole
affair of the IVIADIAis from beginning to end had
been in the hands of Lord PALMERSTON. Second
to none in zeal for religious liberty, it is no dis-
paragement to others to affirm, what every
foreigner will corroborate, that the fears of despots,
and the hopes of the oppressed, alike attest him to
be England's just pride as a Foreign Secretary.

NORWICH ELECTION PETITION.

This petition was withdrawn on Friday last, but we are
informed to-day, by a correspondent, that that step was ,
taken by the agent himself, on his own responsibility,
without the consent of the petitioners. Colonel Dixon,
the unsuccessful Conservative candidate at the last
election, has issued an address, which will be found
below, and a petition will be presented this evening to
the House of Commons, praying that the petition may
be restored to its former place on the list. If our in-
formation be correet, of which we have no doubt, the
House, we are assured, will feel itself bound to dis-
countenance what appears to be a piece of electioneering
jobbing. From letters we have seen, the whole matter
has given rise to considerable excitement at Norwich.
We learn that the authorities at the Carlton Club tepu-
diate all connection with the transaction, and at, present
'are at a loss to understand the motives of it. „ . ; '

TO THE CONSERVATIVE ELECTORS OF THE
:CITY OF. NORWICH.

GENTLEMEN,—It was with the utmost astonishment
that I observed by the morning journals that your peti-
tions against the sitting members for the city of Nor-
wich had been withdrawn. It is, however, highly grati-
fying to me to be informed that this act has been
perpetrated without your knowledge or consent. I
hastened to require Mr. Browne, the Parliamentary
agent, to explain this most unwarrantable proceeding ;
bat all that I could learn from him was, that he "had
done.it for the good of the party" 11 /
Gentlemen, as a candidate for the honour. of represent-
ing you in the Commons House of Parliament, I de-
nounce this most scandalous and political piece of jobbery,
comproMisinm as it does your interests and that of the
party to which you belong.
Be assured no effort on my part will be withheld to
obtain the restoration of the petitions to their legitimate
place, for the purpose of having them dealt with by a
Committee of the House of Commons.—l have the
honour to be, Gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
LOTHIAN S. DICKSON.
10, Stanhope-terrace, Hyde-park-gardens,
Feb. 19th, 1853.