The Sun.
London, England, 1853-03-22 00:00:00

COVENT-GARDEN,

OY.A.L ITALIAN OPERA,

The Directo rs of the Royal Italian Opera beg most respectfully to
inform the no bility, gentry, subscribere, and the public, that the
SEASON of 1853 will COMMENCE on Tuesday, March 29. _

-----
The ensuing Season will be the Seventh of the Royal Italian Opera;
and whatever pride and gratification the Directors may naturally
feel in making this announcement, they are not unmindful that it is
to the generous and encouraging patronage of the Subscribers and
the public, and to the loyalty and esprit de corps of the artistes of
their establishment, as well as to their own individual exertions,
they are indebted for the accomplishment of the object they have so
unweariedly laboured to attain, viz., the permanent establishment
of a Dr ;ulnae and Lyrical Institution worthy of this great metro-
polis.
The Directors feel it is scarcely necessary for them to state that
they intend still to pursue that path which has lad to these success-
ful results ; and they tt ust that their arrangements for the forthcom-
ing season, which they now have the honour to submit, will be
received as an evidence of that intention.
It will be seen that the great artistes who have so long held the
higitist rank in public estimation still lend their valuable aid; that of
those who last year appeared for the first time in England, the most
promising have been retained, and that several others of great repu-
tationhave been added to the establishment.
make a positive The Directors regret that they are not able to
an-
nouncement Es to rho perforpiance of Mademoiselle Wagner during
the coming season ; they Irby, however, entertain sanguine hopes
that circumstances will permit of that lady's appearance, if it be only
for a limited number of representations.
The Repertoire of the Royal Italian Opera now comprises THIRTY-
INISE OPERAS, each of which is complete in scenery, costumes,
as d appointments.
SE MIR A.MIDE • • • Rossini.
LA DONNA DEL LAGO Rossini.
I2ITALIANA IN ALGIER Rossini.
IL BART DI t,EVIGLIA..... • 11 Rossini.
LA GA ZZA. LADRA.......... • • • • •.• ROSSilli
IL TANCREDI ................. .: Ross nl.
LA CENF.RENTOLA. ...• ••• • :• Rossini.
G.I.TGLIEL3IO TELL.. ••• • • . Rossini:

:NIGAE IN EGITTO (ZORA)
OTELLO ..... Rossini.
,N,`..tNAM Verdi.
I DUE F05CAR1............. ..... Verdi.
NA.RUCO (ANA ro) ..... Verdi.
LA SONNAMBULA •••• ..•• • Bellmi.
I FURITANI •• . Bain!.
I CAFITLETTI E MONTECCHI ••
LES HUGUENOTS •.•....• Meyerbeer.
ROBERT LE DIABLE • • 3leyerbeer.
LE FROPHETE Meyerbeer.
LUCIA DI L MMERMOOR .. • • Donizetti.
L'ELSIR D'AMORE ••........•• •• •• Donizati.
LUCREZIA BORGIA ..... •• •••• •• Donizettl.
ANNA ItOLENA
WARTA DI ROMAN •• •• ..•• Donizetti.
LA FAVORITA ••..•• •• •••• •• ••;• •••• Dcnizetti.
LINDA DI CHAMOUNI ...•• ..•• •• •• Donizettl.
IMAR rum... ••••••••—•• ••..•••••• Dontzettl.
IL FLAUTO MAGICO..•• •••• Mozart.
DON GIOVANNI ............•.• Mozart.
LE NOZZE DI FIGARO Mozart.
MASANIELLO • •••••• Auber.
IL MATRIMONIO SEGRETO ........ Cimarosa.
LA JUIVE •••• •• •.. •••••• •• ......•• Halevy.
DER FREISCHUTZ •• ••••............ Weber.
F1DEL10........................8eeth0ven.
PIETRO IL ........ Jullien
During the Season, out of the following Operas, three will post
tively be produced:—
Spats Opera of
JESSONDA.

The kind and flattering reception accorded last season to the cele-
brated Dr. Spohr, on the occasion of the production of his opera of
Faust, has enabled the directors to induce that great comp )ser once
more to visit this country. Ms Opera of Jessonda, arranged for the
Italian Stage expressly for the Royal Italian Opera, will therefore be
produced under his immediate superintendence.

Verdi's New Opera,
RIGOLE T TO,

de porformed with the greatest success at the Teatro de la Fenice,
at Venice; and at the Imperial Opera of St. Petersburg.

Rossini's Opera,
MATILDA DI SHABRAN.

Donizettra Grand Opera,
DON SEBASTIAN,
As performed at the Academic Royale at Paris,

A New Opera, by Signor Bonetti, entitled

JUANA SHORE.

A grand Opera, by Hector Berlioz, entitled
BENVENUTO CELLINI.

The Engagements for the present Season are:—

SOPRANI.
Madam ORISI,
Mademoiselle ANGELINA BOSIO,
Madame CASTELLAN,
Mademoiselle ALBINI
(Tier first appearance in England).
Mademoiselle DONZELLI
(Her first appearance in England).
Madame JULLIENNE, and
Madame MEDORI
(From the Imperial Theatres of St. Petersburg and Vienna ; her
first appearance in England).

CONTRALTO.
Mademoiselle N kSTIER DIDIEE
(F,om the Theatre Italien at Paris; her first appearance in England

SECONDE DONNE,
Mademoiselle corn, and
Mademoiselle BEL !ANL

TENOM.
Signor MIRTO,
Signor S'I'IGELLT,
Signor LUIGI MEI,
Signor SOLDI,
Signor LITCHESI
(From the Teatro della Scala, at Milan; his first appearance in
England); and
Signor TANIBEIZLIK.

BASS! IlearroNf
Signor RONCONI,
•
Sig no- ROMMI, and
Signor ITELE'I TI
(ills first appearance at the Royal Italian Opera).

BASSI PROFOXDI.
Herr FORMEs.
Signor TAGLIAFICO.
Signor POLON I;•11.
Signor GREGOR 10,
Signor RACIIE, and
Monsieur ZE LGER.
(His first appearance these three years.)

The Orchestra and Chorus will exhibit the same high state of
efficiency.

DIRECTOR OF THE MUSIC, COMPOSER, AND CONDUCTOR,

The Military Band will be under the superintendence of
24r. GODFREY.

Mr. COSTA,

Maestro al Piano . .
(From the Teatro de:la Scala at Milan.)

Prompter .. .. ,
Poet

•• •• • • • . signor MONTERASI
• .

The department of the Ballet will, in accordance with the wish of
many subscriher,, he rendered more attractive than heretofore; and
Iltivertissements will he given on evenings when the duration of the
Operas will permit. The engagements are—
Mademoiselle MELINA MARMET
(From the Teatro de la Fenice, at Venice),
Mademoiselle BARVILLE,
Mademoiselle KOLEMBERG,
Mademoiselle TEREsA,
Mademoiselle LER lEUX, and
Mademoiselle MATHILDE LESSON
(From the Academie Imperiale at Paris).
Maitre de Ballet, Monsieur Desplaces
(From the Academic linperialo at Paris).

Leader of the Ballet, Mr. Alfred Mellan.
Dircetorofthe Mise-en-Scene, Mr. A Harris.

Scenic Artist, Mr. William Beverley
(His Fir t Engagement at the Royal Italian Opera.)
Costumier, Monlieur Leblond
(From the Imperial Toeatre, St. Petersburg.)
Costumiere, Madame Marizo.
Decorator, Mr. Prescott.
Machinist, Mr. Allen.
•

Tickets, Stall,, and Boxes, for the Night or Season, to be obtained
at the Box-office o' the Theatre (corn or of flow-greet and Bart-
street) ; and at the principal libraries and musicsellers.
The perf ;rmances will commence at Tight o'Clock on each evening.
The Box-office is open from Eleven to Five o'Clock.
Royal Italian Opera, Covent-garden, March, LEM.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
NEW MANAGEMENT

So'e Lessee-31r JOHN B. BUCKSTONE, Brompfon•square.

The pubic is respectfully informed that this Theatre will RE-
OPEN on EASTER MONDAY next, March 28, 1853, under an
ewirely new management, the constant endeavour of which will be
to sustain the long established character of this house as the first
Theatre in the Metropolis, for the representation of English Comedy
and Farce, with the occasional addition of such Entertainments as
may be considered attractive.

NOEICE —The duration of the present recess being too brief to ad-
mit of any alteration in front of the Curtain, it is therefore an-
nounced that the 1 beatre will undergo a thorough recair and
re-decoration during the forthcoming summer vacation, from July
Until October next, when a new stage will be laid down, and altera-
tions made in the building, founded on many suggestions forwarded
by the patrons of this popular and tashionable place of amusement.

On EASTE.II. MONDAY, March 28, 1853, will be presented a
COMEDY, for the purpose of introducing several new candidates
for popular favour. After which, an entirely New arid Original Ex-
travaganza, written by J. R. Manche, Esq., entitled MR. BUCK-
STONE'S AS,ENT OF MOUNT PARNA3SUS, the scenery of
which will he painted by Mr Charles Marshall, who is engaged at
this Establisho:ent, assisted by Mr. George Morris and Mr. Connor;
with other performances, which will be duly announced.
Orchestra s.rills (which may be retained the whole of the evening),
ss. each: First Price—Boxes, 55.; pit, 35.; amphitheatre, 25.; gal-
lery, Gd. Second Price—Boxes, 3s. ; pit, 2s; amphitheatre, Is.; gal-
sq. Doors to be opened at half-past six, the performances to
com, nce ttt seven, second price at nine. Frixate boxes, two
giiuje'emeoB,B holding guinea and a half each. N.B.—A private box, cap-
alas, be secured at thea,bif
Persons with a furnished ante-room attached,
may also be hat on Office, price rive guineas Season tickets
c_i•Lation. I rivate boxes. to be
kah
rna the
putdie libraries of Nfesir.
Rams, Seguin, Mitchell, HO draws, Ebers. Alicrott, &c, o a , n

THE lIAXSI COMPANY
Will consist of the followingK"
Miss Helen Finie.it, who
engaged
established Favourites :
Barry Sullivan, Miss Reynolds, wee is for a limited period. Mr.
Compton, his first appearance here, iN.,;gaged at this Theatre. Mr..
appearance at this. ',Theatre. as, nen.„..B-_Loutsa Howard, her' first
in the drama at this Theatre. Mrs. sl',-jorri, his first appearance
et Park Theatre, New
from the Theatres Royal York anThvam. Mr. Howe, Mrs
Poynter,
pearance in London. Mr. Chippendale, trom iiior°Och—her fiat ap-.
York—his first appearance here. Miss Ellen
first
pearance in the Haymarket Theatre. Mr. her first ap-
this Theatre. Mrs. Stanley."'
first appearance at Farren, his
gaged. Mr. Tilbury, who is also re-engaged, 3144 with„t is re-en-
non her first appearance in London. Mr. Rogers, milsta re-en-
her ,fl rst appearance at this Theatre. M.
.r. Arthur payne''''',l,!omer,
appearanc9 in London. Miss Amelia Vining, Mr. Clark, giri:s
field. Mr. Caulfield, Miss Eleanor Bromley, from the Theatre tonal.
Drury-lane. 31r. Coe, Miss Grace Leslie, her first appearaurl.
London. Mr. Braid, Miss Laidlaw, from the Lyceum Theatre. 1411
Fitzwiniam, Mr. Buckstone, Miss I. Woulds, Mr. Ellis, Miss Dar:
ve, Miss A. Woul.4s, Mr. Hilton, Mrs. Coe, Miss Archer, Mr. Wit-
teny, Miss Grantham, &c., and a numerous Corps de Ballet. %Thu.
from time to time such important additions will be made, as win not
only strengthen the Company, but render every member of it exclu-
sively belonging to this Theatre.
Stage Manager—Mr. Chippendale. Musical Director—Mr. Edward
The following Novelties will be produced in due succession
An Extravaganza, by J. R. Planehe, Esq. A Comedy by Robert
Salivan, Esq., author of " The Beggar on Horseback," and " The Old
Lova and the New." A Play, by Robert Browning, Esq., author of
" Paraceisus," Re.—and in whleh Miss Helen Faucit will appear. A
Comedy, by Tom Taylor, Esq , author of " To Parents and Guardians,"
and one of the authors of " Mask,: and Faces." A Farce, by Thomas
Morton, Esq. A Comedy, by Palgrave Simpson, Esq., Author of
..
Poor Consin•Walter." A Drama, by J. R. Blanche, Esq. A Comedy,
by Morris Barnett. Esq , author of " The Serious Family," &c. A
Comedy, by Stirling Coyae, Esq, A Drama, by Douglas Jerrold,

tifice will he opened on Tlinrsday next, the 24th March,
lotion of Mr. Turpin, who will personally attend daily,

is respectfully requested to observe that a new and corn-
boa-keepers having been engaged, it is requested that
civilities be offered by them, they may be reported to
while to insure a proper regulation in the business of
lee, no Evening will be announced for the First
anY New niece, tin t 3 the Management is convinced
no postOonemedt.

LONDON, TUESDAY, MARCH 22, 1853.

The trial which has just taken place at King.
ston, of the parties concerned in the Egham duel
(a full report whereof will be found in another
part of this day's impression), affords additional
and very powerful corroboration to the assertion,
that too stringent enactments are calculated to
defeat their own objects, and that juries will fre-
quently—nay, habitually—interpose between the
undue severity of the law and the prisoners on
trial, so as to protect the latter from the penal
consequences of comparatively venial violations of
the criminal code. It was in cases of duelling
especially, that the sympathies were so strongly
excited, and that juries invariably disregarded the
charge of the presiding Judge, refusing to find
that parties, engaged in a fair encounter, Where
the life of one was set against the other, were
guilty of wilful and deliberate murder if there
should have been a fatal result to the meeting.
The so-called laws of honour and the law of the
land were diametrically opposed to each other,
and the -wisest, the best of our statesmen, of our
naval and military celebrities, yielded to the
fashion of the day, and engaged in transac-
tions which might have led to their igno-
minious execution upon the gallows. It is suf-
ficient to say that the late Duke of WELLINGTON--
the Iron Duke—the hero of a hundred fights—a
man of whose personal courage there could have
been no possible doubt, was not satisfied to rest
on his well:established reputation ; but, although
a sexagenarian, deemed it essential to demand
" satisfaction," for what he conceived to be an
imputation on his honour ; and that his distin-
guished successor at the Horse Guards—Viscount
HARDINGE—aided add abetted him in his offence,
by consenting to act as his second on the occasion.
Sir ROBERT PEEL called Out Mr. O'CONNELL, and
the invitation was only refused because the chal-

lenged had, but a few years previously, stained
his hands with the blood of his opponent—Mr.
DESTERRE—a catastrophe which, we have reason
to believe, excited the deepest contrition in the
mind of the Liberator to the last hour of his
existence.

And yet, when these occurrences took place,
the law was precisely the same as it is at present,
and as it was when Lieutenant MUNRO was
convicted of wilful and deliberate • murder
at the Old Bailey. What would the people
of England think if the names of WELLING-
TON and HARDINGE—Of PEEL and O'CONNELL-OT,
going a little farther back, of CANNING and
CASTLEREAGH, CURRAN and GRATTAN, had been
inscribed in the Newgate Calendar as murderers—
wilful and deliberate murderers—who had expi-
ated their offences on the scaffold, or, through
the interposition of the Royal prerogative of
mercy, in perpetual exile from their native land.
There must have been something rotten in the
state of affairs that placed such men in opposition
to the law on one point, of which they were in
all other respects the most strenuous supporters.
There must have been something radically wrong
in the enactments, which juries repeatedly,
almost invariably, refused to lend their aid
in carrying into execution—violating their oaths
rather than become participators in what they
conceived to be the infliction of a still greater
wrong on the parties on trial.

A healthier and a better state of feeling, how-
ever, arose. Public opinion became opposed to
the " monontacitia," or single combat. Juries
were found to execute their painful duties faith-
fully and truly ; and the case of Lieutenant
MUNRO, on which we have repeatedly commented,
proved that there might be a capital conviction
although there had been no foul play—nothing
unfair in the management of the duel, and the
survivor had done all in his power to avoid the
painful alternative. This conviction gave a
heavy blow and a great discouragement to the
practice of duelling—none could be found willing
to brave the fearful results of a conviction ; and
even if men allowed their passions so far to pre-
vail over their reason, they could not find friends,
real or nominal, to act as seconds. The conse-
quences were too formidable to be lightly encoun-
tered, duelling became obselete, and the efforts
that were made to revive the objectionable prac-
tice only entailed ridicule and contempt on those
trying the experiment.

in which foreigners
completely altered. A duel,English
This salutary state of affairs has, however,. been
only were engaged—men ignorant
law and English feeling on the matter—had a
alike of
fatal termination. Nothing could, we believe,
have been fairer than the entire transaction. We
fully and completely exonerate the parties con-
cerned from anything that could create the
slightest suspicion of foul play; and, so far as they
are
the personally concerned, we rejoice that
y have been practically exempted from the
more stringent consequences of the offence in
which they were implicated. The Learned Judge
who presided laid down the law clearly and un-
equivocally: went
* lie declared that, " if two or more
l)ersons
out together armed with deadly
weapons,
for the purpose of committing an unlaw-
ful act, which
fighting a duel undoubtedly was, and
the death of one
of the parties ensued, it was in
murder, in every one of the
parties conneoted with
the eye of the law
the
transaction, and that

it applied equally to the seconds of the deceased
as well as those of the survivor---that all should
be held responsible for that which might be re-
garded as the natural result of the act they were
about to commit." The only real questions for
their consideration then were—Did a duel take
place? Was the deceased wounded in that duel ?
"Was that wound the cause of his death? Aid were
the defendants engaged therein.? There should
then have been either a conviction on the entire
charge or an absolute acquittal. There was no
intermediate course, no compromise, that could
properly be adopted. They might as well have
returned a verdict of petty larceny, or libel, as of
manslaughter. We fear that the effect of the
verdict and the sentence (two months' imprison-
ment) will be to bring duelling again into fashion.
We would, therefore, once more urge the neces-
sity of special legislation on the subject--of an
enactment rendering duelling a grave misde-
meanour, punishable with fine and imprison-
ment, no matter what might be the result, and
making all parties in any degree concerned,
either at the meeting or as acoessaries before the
fact, liable. The power of adding " hard labour "
at the discretion of the presiding Judge would be
exceedingly beneficial, so as to prevent single com-
bats on trivial, or insufficient, or indeed on any
grounds, and to restore matters to the same state
that they had been before these refugees engaged
in the transaction which led to the investigation
at Kingston, to which we have considered it our
imperative duty to direct the public attention.

A NATIONAL GALLERY--worthy of the name—
has, at length, we rejoice to think, come to be re-
garded as a necessity. By the word " gallery"
we mean both the casket and its contents--we
imply under the phrase " national gallery" both
the splendour of the edifice and the completeness
of the collection. As matters stand at present it
is really painful and humiliating to reflect how
England is situated in regard to Art. Although
the wealthiest country in the world, she has—the
fact is notorious—the poorest collection of paint-
ings of all the great Powers of Christendom.
Not merely the poorest collection of paintings, but
the most miserable edifice that could possibly
(with such a purpose in view) have been con-
structed for their conservation. Look at it.
Look at that architectural masterpiece (I) on " the
finest site in Europe," (! !) and then examine its
pictorial treasures. (! !!) The disgrace reflected
upon the nation by all this is known 'to
every intelligent man to be of the most
flagrant character imaginable. Externally
there are two or three stone pepper-castors
on the top of a tasteless structure, devoid
even of the merit of a moderately good elevation.
Internally there are half-a-dozen apartments, in-
differently furnished with pictures, some of them
of very questionable authenticity, selected obvi-
ously without much regard to intrinsic excellence,
and disposed round the walls apparently without
any eye to symmetry of arrangement. And this
is the National Gallery of the United liingdoni I
Compare it with almost any one of the large
Galleries on the Continent. Compare it with the
Louvre at Paris—with the Royal Museum at
Berlin—or with that of Munich, the famous
Pinacothek ! Why, the shame of the contrast is
something ignominious. Here scantiness, and there
profusion ; here parsimony, and there munificence ;
here confusion and meanness, there order and
magnificence. Those are the results of even the
most cursory and superficial comparison. Never
let us brag again of our fine taste as a people, so
long as that fine taste continues to be mainly ex-
emplified by those abominations of Trafalgar-
square, by that execrable building, and that me-
lancholy collection. Until we have turned over a
new leaf in this particular, we ought to be a trifle
more circumspect in putting in our claims to the
merits of artistic fastidiousness.

England, too, ought surely by right to assume
a nobler position among the national patrons of
Art—Art having found some of its most illus-
trious cultivators among the ranks of her more
gifted children. Yes : for in the revelation
of original genius in Art, the Anglo-Saxon race
has approved itself scarcely inferior to the most
elevated of its distinguished. contemporaries.
Yielding, of course, to Italy, to Spain, and to
Flanders, the glory of their pre-eminent reputa-
tion ! Setting aside, as altogether out of the
category of comparison, the works of some
among the loftier masters, the products of an age
more classic and more ambitious--

" Whate'er Lorraine light touched with softening hue,
Or savage Rosa dashed, or learned Poussin drew ?"

Putting altogether aside the pioneers of the
golden revival of the art of APELLEs—setting
apart the whole of that glorious catalogue of ori-
ginators from CIMARITE to GIOTTO, and from MA-
SACCIO to PERuoiNo—above all, avoiding any
more direct reference to the designing of DA
VINCI, the colouring of GIORGIONE, the grace of
CbRREGIO, the grandeur of MICHAEL ANGELO, and
the divine and matchless excellences combined iu
the incomparable RAFFAELLE—We may still ven-
ture to regard some among the higher departments
of modern art as not having been wholly mono-
polised by foreign competitors to the exclusion of
every Englishman. The time has arrived when
we may speak thus without treason to the purer
schools of the Roman Peninsula. The day
has come when we may presume to express
opinions such as these without necessarily being
charged with a sort of poetic laze-majeste to the
Gods of the Brush at Bologna or at Florence.
Happily, we may dare to speak thus nowadays,
without being accused of depreciating the supreme
merit of such men as SARTO or PIOMBO, as TINTO-
RETTO or DOMENICHINO, as TITIAN or the CARAC-

cis, men like PARMEGIANO, and PAUL-VERONESE,
and RUBENS, and VANDYCK, and REMBRANDT,

---)
and SALVATOR, and CLAUDE, and GUIDO, and
VELASQUEZ. Reverencing their fame according to
the respective value of their productions, we may
yet be permitted to claim a certain degree
of consideration for our fellow-countrymen.
If England has no TENIERS--she has a
HOGARTH. If she has no OSATADE--She has
a WILKIE. If she never possessed a CANALETTO—
she has produced a TURNER. Descending to the
lowlier departments, to the delineation of fruit
and of animals—we have a LANCE if we are with-
out an UNDINA, and a LANDSEER if we are with-
out a SNYDERS. Ascending again to the loftier
schools of art—if France had her DAVID, had not
England her ETTY ? Throughout the whole list
we might advance, name by name, without shrink-

ing iu any one instance from the comparison—
alludinc, to the artistic history of a race illus-
.
. . _ _

rated by the labours of a CONSTABLE, a REY-
NOLDS, a WEST, a COLLINS, and a GAINSBOROUGH.
Allusion to the chiefs among our living masters
might be invidious ; yet among their names, too,
we might find abundant corroboration. So has it

been in Art with England—England disgraced by
her National Gallery, while so much might have
been expected from a country numbering a

HOGARTH and a TURNER among her painters, a
FLAXMAN and a GIBSON among her sculptors, a
WREN and a PUGIN among her architects !

Thank Heaven, however, there now appears
some probability of a change for the better in this

particular. Already we have gained the irov cr.°,
for a noble enterprise between Brompton and Ken-

sin,g-ton. Already, moreover, we have witnessed

;he index finger of a living master pointed steadily

in the right—meaning, of course, the onward—di-
rection, one of our gifted Royal Academicians

_ ..
having in this important matter, and at this criti-

cal juncture, ventured upon the somewhat unin-
viting labours of a censorious pamphleteer.*

* " The National Gallery : its Formation and Manage-
ment. Considered in a Letter, addressed, by permission,
to H. R. H. The Prince Albert, K.G., &c., &c. By Wil-
liam Dyce, R.A." Bvo. pp. 84. Chapman and Hall.
London, 1853.

EMIGRATION TO AUSTRALIA.—The departures from
the port of London for the Australian colonies during
the past week have again been more numerous than ever.
They consisted of nine vessels to Port Philip, with an
aggregafe burden of 3,740 tons ; three to Sydney, with
an aggregate burden of 1,160 tons ; two to Hobart-town
with an aggregate burden of 829 tons ; one to Adelaide,
of 680 tons ; and one to Launceston, of 213 tons. Their
total capacity was, consequently, 6,622 tons. Consider-
able shipments are still made of manufactured goods and
general merchandise, but no essential change has occurred
in the rates of freight.

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