The Sun.
London, England, 1854-10-24 00:00:00

RUSSIA.

The Cracow Czas contains the following review
of the state of parties in Russia, under the head of
St. Petersburg:—
"There exist two great political parties in Russia,
namely, the so-called St. Petersburg or German, whose
principal members belong to Courland families, and the
Panslavonian, or the old Russian or Muscovite. The
leading principle of the German party, at the head
of which stands Count Nesselrode, is the main-
tenance of legitimacy throughout Europe. Many
of the first State dignitaries and generals belong to
this party, which has a preponderance in the Council
of State. The Panslavonian party has likewise great
influence over the State rudder, holds many high
high offices, and stretches over the whole aristocracy of
Muscovite extraction. The ruling thought with these
is the extension of Russia and its power as a Slavonian
empire. It is only as regards the carrying out of this
thought that the pary is divided into three shades, who
thus form three parties. The first fraction of Panslavo-
nians, which is the most numerous and important, has for
object the increase of Russian power, by the union of all
other Slavonian races. They wish to form one mighty
central Slavonian empire, and to change the Imperial
title of Emperor of all the Russias into Emperor of all
Slavonmans. In such case all Slavonian countries
(including Bohemia) would be mere Russian pro-
vinces. The second fraction dreams of converting each
ilavonian state into a separa'e monarchy, under the
rule of a member of the Roinanoff family, but all united
in one bond, always and immediately under Russian
Hegemony. The memory of Pesth and Mwrwoff is the
vision •f the third and small fraction, which likewise has
Russian Hegemony in view. Thus the grand object of
all is the aggrandisement of Russia, and not the welfare
of Slavonian races. The two last Panslavonian fractions
have a mere ideal existence. The first only has a solid
foundation. Princes Menschikoff, Gortschakoff, and Wol-
konski, are its pillars, and the Grand Doke Constantine also
belongs to it. The German party, sum e,..vhat indisposed to
the present war, but nevertheless penetrated with the con-
viction that Russia cannot now agree t• any humiliating
peace, regards the defence of the orthodox faith alone as
a solution of the war. [What this means is far from
clear.] The Panslavenian party, en the other hand,
would merely put forward Panslavonianism as a pre-
text. The Emperor, who seeks to uphold the principles
of the Russian Government and legitimacy throughout
Europe, and at the same time dwells upon the extension
of Russia and augmentation of her power, accepts or
declines the counsel of either party, and centres in him-
self the direction of both. To which side he will even-
tually lean time will show."

ST. PETERSBURGIT, Oct. 21.—The Government
has received despatches from Prince Menschikoff
of the 16th. Ho states that the Allies had con-
structed three batteries, but the Russian artillery
had hindered the opening of their fire.

RUSSIAN ORDRE DE BATAILLE.
The following ordre de bateille of the Russians
has been received in Vienna, and we have reason
to consider it entitled to credit :—lmperial guards,
41,000 infantry, and 12,000 cavalry, with 120
canuoa .; grenadier corps, 36,000 infantry, and
5,000 cavalry, with 112 cannon ; sixth infantry
corps, 288,000 infantry, and 30,000 cavalry, with
720 cannon ; and two reserve corps, with 80,000
infantry. The army of the Caucasus numbers
30,000 men, infantry ; Orenberg, 25,000 ; Siberia,
20,000 ; Finland, 20,000. The total of the
cavalry attached to these four armiea is calculated
at 20,009, with 530 cannon. The grand totals are
540,000 infantry, 67,000 cavalry, and 1,482 guns.
These are thus disposed. In the kingdom of Po-
land and on the march thither are troops to the
number of 90,000 men, infantry, and 24,000
cavalry, with 224 cannon, viz., the Imperial Guard,
the Grenadier corps, and some divisions of the
2d reserve corps. In Finland, Liefiand, and the
northern provinces, are 60,00 G infantry, 15,000
cavalry, and .120 cannon. These belong to the Ist
corps. Prince Gortschakoff has 180,000 infantry
and 20,000 cavalry under his command, and 240
cannon. In the Crimea Prince Menschikoff has
74,000 infantry and 15,000 cavalry, with 160 guns.
Cossacks and irregular troops are not included in
this estimate.

ANOTHER RUSSIAN " TE DEUM."
A letter from Warsaw of the 15th, in the Con-
stitutionnel, says :—" Yesterday and to-day aTe
Deum was sung in all our churches on the occasion
of a great victory obtained over the Allies in the
Crimea by the Russians. Where was the battle
fought, and when ? No one knows. But what is
positive is, that the great victory was yesterday
feta by our garrison."

A letter from Odessa of the 11th, in the Lloyd
of Vienna, states that Prince Gortschakoff has re-
turned to that port, after taking all the necessary
measures at Bender for a vigorous resistance in
case the Turks should cross the Danube and in-
vade Bessarabia. The fortresses of Reni, Ismail,
and Kilia are said to be garrisoned with 20,000
men each. The garrison of Kazul is to be doubled,
and the whole line of the Pruth is receiving strong
reinforcements. Prince Mensehikoff is severely
blamed for having abandoned Sebastopol to its fate
and gone to Perekop. He is stated, however, to
he on his way again to Simpheropol with General
Osten-Sacken, in order to attack the Allies. What
appears certain, says the Lloyd, is that up to the
7th General Osten-Sacken had not yet commenced
his march to Simpheropol, and that only 10,000 men,
under General Kotumoff, had advanced towards
the south on a reconnaissance.

The Kalisch correspondent of the Lloyd writes,
that when the concentration of the Guards shall
have been completed there will be no less than
176,000 troops, including 16,000 cavalry, not far
from the Austro-Gallician frontiers. They con-
sist of 12 regiments of infantry of the first in-
fantry corps, 48,000 men ; eight regiments of the
second infantry corps, 32,000 men ; 48,000 foot
guards, and 32,000 grenadiers. The cavalry con-
sists of the first and second light divisions, the
cavalry division of the guard, and the seventh light
cavalry division belonging to the grenadier division,
each division numbering 4,000 men. The reserve
brigades in Poland aro not included in this esti-
mate.

Russian intelligence from tho Crimea, via Odessa,
reaches to the 12th, and via Constantinople up to
the Bth. Several sallies had been made from the
northern forts of Sebastopol to annoy the right
wing of the allies, but nothing of importance had
occurred. The fortified camp of the Allies is con-
sidered impregnable, and the redoubts are armed
with 200 cannon. There were already 136 guns
mounted in the batteries in the first parallel. From
the same source we learn that Ismail Paella intends
removing the Kars army to Erzeroum, in order to
reorganise it. Lieut.-General Uschakoff occupies
the fords of the Danube at Tultscha with 12,000
men.

Letters from Constantinople by the City of Lon-
don state that on the 10th the fire had not been
opened against Sebastopol, but that the operations
would go on rapidly, it having been found that the
south wall is not banked up on the inside. The
besieged begin to be in want of provisions, in con-
sequence of the reinforcements introduced into the
place after the battle of the Alma.
Two daring reconnaissances have been executed
by Admiral liruat ; ono iu the day, when he-went
close to the walls with 400 sailors. A shower of
the enemy's balls fell among them, but no one was
hurt. The other was made at night, and had for
object to sound the passage between the vessels
sunk by the Russians.

PRUSSIA.
BERLIN, Oct. 21.—The two following facts,
which are the subject of conversation and even of
surprise is diplomatic circles this evening, afford
striking evidence of the political mismanage-
ment and miscalculation of the part'', which for

the mi,sfortune of Prussia, predominates in or
over her councils. The first of these is c. the
arrival this evening of the Bavarian Miniker-
President, M. von der Pfordten, whose ob-
ject is to attempt negotiating for smoothing
matters between the Cabinets of Berlin and
Vienna. The second, not less significative of the
false position in which this Government is placed
in regard to German States is the return from
Weimar of Count Beust, envoy of the Thurin-
gian Duchies, and not to be confounded with the
Saxon Premier of the same name. This envoy
arrived last night, and shortly after proceeded
to the Foreign-office, where he had an inter-
view with M. Ballan, the Under-Secretary of
State for that department, and informed him that
a meeting had been held of Ministers of Thu-
ringian Duchies on Wednesday, at Weimar, where
these Ministers had come to the resolution of
supporting Austria at Frankfort—a resolution of
course subject to the approbation of their respec-
tive Sovereigns, of which not a doubt can exist. It
is added that this unexpected intelligence created a
painful surprise, and vi as met by remarks which
proved that the Prussian Cabinet sorely felt the
annoyance of being abandoned by States which it
regarded as mere puppets in its hand. The defal-
cation, if such it may be termed, is the more serious:
since it follows that of Hanover and other States,
upon whose support the Prussian Cabinet had
firmly calculated.
Yesterday, 19th, Count Esterbazy was with the
Emperor during a whole hour, and to-day he was
present at a conference held at the Foreign-office, at
which it was taken into consideration what answer
should be given to Prussia. It is understood that the
reply will be in the spirit of the note of the 30th
September, " Austria is not inclined longer to post-
pone her decision."
The recent appointment of Prince Gortschakoff
to be Commander-in-Chief of the southern Russian
army has created some litte sensation, as it is sup-.
posed to be in connection with the projected attack
on Austria.