The Sun.
London, England, 1853-10-13 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 13, 1853.

MR. GLADSTONE IN MANCHESTER.

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A LECTURE ON THE MEDICAL LIBERTY
OF THE SUBJECT.

By JOHN FRASER, Hygeist,
General Agent (for Scotland) to the British College of Health,
New-road, London.

All Members of Parliament allot Magistrates are earnestly re-
quested to peruse the important truths contained in this lecture.
The lecture will be obtained from all the agents for the sale of
Morison's Vegetable Universal Medicines.

INLAND REVENUE, SOLI ERSET lIOUSE,
12th October, 1853.
REDEMPTION OF LAND TAX.
The Board of Bland Revenue draw public attention to the
provisions of the Acts of the last Session of Parliament, 16 and 17
Viet., c. 74 and c. 117, the former reducing the terms on which the
Land Tax may be redeemed or purchased, and the latter restricting
suchredemption to persons having an estate or interest in the pro-
perty whereon the Land Tax is charged.
• By chapter 74, it is enacted that, m lieu of the amounts mentioned
in the 42,1 Geo. HI., to be paid for the redemption of the Land Tax,
the consideration shall be a sum of the capital stocks mentioned, lecs
by 171. 10s. Oct. per cent. than the amou :tot the STOCK considera-
tion, calculated according to the previsions of the last-mentioned
Abt, or a sum of money less by 171. les. Od. per cent. than the
amount of the MONEY consideration, calculated as by the last-men-
tioned Act, is prescribed.
By chapter 117, sec 1, it is enacted that no body corporate, nor
any person whatsoever, shall be entitled to redeem any Land Tax,
except bodies or persons having an estate or interest in the property
Whereon such Land Tax is charged.
,By section 2 it Is enacted that, upon the completion of any con-
tract, entered into for the redemption of Land Tax. and upon the
transfer or payment of the consideration, the property comprised in
stick contract shall be wholly freed and exonerated from the Land
Tax charged thereon, and from all further assessments, and from
any yearly term, rent or rent charge, in respect of any consideration
for such contract
ißy the Act 42 Geo. 111., chap. 116, it is provided that any person
who is, for the tine being, possessed of, or entitled beneficially to,
thie rents and profits, but who shall not have the absolute estate or
interest in any nianors, lands, tenements, or hereditaments, may sell
and ,fispose of any such manors, lands, &c., for the purpose of re-
deeming the Land Tax there n.

The Board consi ler it desirable that a knowledge of the provi-
sions of the Acts above referred to should be as extensively diffused
rs possible, and all persons who may be desirous of availinc; them-
selves of these provisions will, on applying at this office, receive
every instruction and assistance as to the mode of proceeding.

By Order of the Board.
THOMIS KEOGH, Secy,

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The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER came forward to
address the assembly, and was received with loud cheers.
-When silence was restored, the right honourable gentle-
man said :—Mr Mayor and gentlemen, although I have not
the title, although I have not the right to address you
which belongs to your worthy chief magistrate, and the
title which belongs to the gentleman who has so ably dis-
ellarged his trust to-day ns chairman of tho Poel Monu-
ment Committee, yet I hope you will permit me to say a
few words upon this occasion of interest so deep to all
those who really know and who ieally appreciate the

character and the acts of the late Sir Robert Peel.
(Cheers.) It is not for the purpose of dwelling upon the
MANCHESTER. OCT. 12. kind and flattering manner in which the mayor or Sir
J
This busy mart of trade has been for some time past in John Patter were pleased to advert to myself that I pre-
s
a state of considerable excitement in anticipation of the sent myself, for 1 feel that I would be indeed altogether
visit of Chancellor of the Exchequer. Up to a recent 1
unworthy to rank as your fellow-citizen if I were capable
period, Manchester, and the district of which Manchester I
of dwelling upon personal matters upon an occasion like
is the centre, has not been favoured with the visits of ;
i this, and in presence of that noble effigy, which recalls to
English statesmen. Deprived of the political franchise up all our hearts so much that is ennobling and so much
to 1832, Manchester was not, like its neighbour Liverpool, that is affecting. (Cheers.) Mr. Mayor and gentlemen,
or like Bristol, an object of interest to the aspirants for this is a great occasion—it is an occasion that tells of
senatorial honours. No Burke, Canning, or Huskisson much besides that which it exhibits to the eye. (Cheers.)
visited its Exchange, or harangued its citizens ; and its In the first place, it is unfortunately impossible, not-
great cotton trade grew up unfostered by political patron-
withstanding the general mitigation of laws and of govern-
ments not to recollect and reflect that there are still conn-
age. For a time, too, the citizens of Manchester were so
tries in Europe where, when we speak, on the one hand,
busily employed in building up that enormous edifice of
the world that they had no time for the discussion of poli-
of governments, and kings, and statesmen, and on the other
tics ; and, in consequence, they counted for little in the hand of the people, we speak of two powers that are ad-
influences that swayed the destinies of the country. The
verse and alienable to one another—(hear, hear)— without
sympathy and without consciousness of their community
formation of the League changed all that, and Manchester
o
suddenly took up a position among the political forces off interests; but when we stand here we see the statue of
England, which she is not likely soon to lose. Great com-
a man who was the chosen Minister of the Sovereign—
(cheers)—who enjoyed her unbounded confidence—who had
mercial changes were effected, chiefly at her bidding ; and
a place, I may say, not only in her councils, but in her
on all political questions her voice, speaking through her
heart—(cheers)—who was the defender of the laws and in-
representatives, is deferentially heard. The visit of Lord
ti
John Russell a few years ago testified to the importance stutions of the country— (cheers)—but who was likewise
the chosen favourite of the people--(cheers)—whose name
which Manchester was beginning to assume in the eyes of
has been engraven, as I firmly believe, upon the hearts of
statesmen ; and the reception he then met with was such
the thousands and myriads that now surround me—(cheers)
as to leave him no cause to regret his journey, while it
because of the acts that he performed and the benefits that
constituted a sufficient inducement for others to follow his
he conferred upon England. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, as
example. Mr. Gladstone's visit on the present occasion is,
one who has deeply profited, not by the example only, but
we believe, the first instance, after Lord John, where a
by the guidance of that great statesman—(cheers)—as one
distinguished statesman and financier has visited the capi- who has had, and I hope availed himself of them, many
tal of the cotton districts. His visit, however, it is due to opportunities of appreciating his character— (cheers)—let
him to say, was originally altogether unconnected with me venture respectfully to bear testimony to you upon the
political objects. He intended only a private visit to some points which, so far as I am able to jadge, beyond all
personal friends, and the only ceremony of a public nature things distinguished him. (Cheers.) It is easy to enu- in which he proposed to take part was in the consecration merate many characteristics of the greatness of Sir Robert
of a church at Denton, a few miles from Manchester, which Peels We all know the immense breadth and comprehen-
siveness been built and is about to be opened through the mu-
siveness of his understanding. We all know that he, be_
nificence of an old and intimate college friend of his own, yond all living men, and perhaps beyond all statesmen
the Rev. Mr. Greswell. But the people of Manchester,
that preceded him, thoroughly understood the working of
learning that he was to be in their neighbourhood, were
our noble constitution—(cheers) -and appreciated and
unwilling to allow the occasion to go by without paying sounded to the very depths the feelings and the character
some mark of honour to a statesman who, more than any of that great, deliberate, and oldest popular assembly in
other, has inherited the principles had drunk in the spirit the world—the British House of Commons. (Cheers.) It
of Sir Robert Peel, and hence the present ceremonies that is easy, gentlemen, to speak of his ability, of his sagacity,
have greeted his visit,
and of his indefatigable industry ; but, great as were the
It happened fortunately that the statute of Sir Robert intellectual powers of Sir Robert Peel, if you will allow me,
Peel, which Manchester, in common with almost every
town of any size in the kingdom, has determined to erect as one that may call myself his pupil—(cheers)—and fol-
lower in politics—if you will allow me to bear witness, let
to his honour—forming a curious commentary, by the way, me say there was something greater still in Sir Robert Peel
on the self-denying disinterestedness by which the lamented
—there was something more admirable than the immense
statesman forbade his family to accept any honour from the intellectual endowments with which
hisit had pleased the
public
been Crown for the services he had rendered the country—has Almighty to giftishim, andefteh wasonscience—itsewnasse hiso I:ieter-
been just finished by the sculptor, Mr. Calder Marshall,
urinationv]. virtue— i t was purity
to follow the public good—it was that disposition
and was ready for the inauguration. Mr. Gladstone's visit
coinciding so exactly with the time of that ceremony, it ease and enjoyment ; or, again, on the otherhhaandhebeteen
in him which, when he had the choice between personal
was felt by the committee of the subscribers that nothing political powereer aenfdttkessteinclieosnsinwgsheanl
he
advantages, d t
choiceand
could be more auspicous nor more graceful than to have between
what he knew knew to be the welfare of the nation, his choice
present at the ceremony the man who, in all that concerns
free trade at least, may be said to have inherited the spirit was made at once, and when his choice was once made noman ever knew him to hesitate or hold back from that
of Sir Robert Peel—the essayist who did so much by his which was necessary to give it effect. (Cheers.) And,
writings to prepare the public mind for the great com- gentlemen, I heartily rejoice that, in erecting to his memory
this great and worthy monument, you have chosen for it
mercial change—the administrator who, by his unwearied
devotion to the subject, enabled Sir Robert to bring for-
a site which is the most in harmony with the histories it is
ward a free-trade tariff, in which the most jealous eyes
intended to commemorate, and with the ideas which it is
calculated to awaken. (Cheers.) You have not placed it
could detect neither defects nor inconsistencies—the states- in some gilded hall where it might have been the admira-
man who upheld in the senate the changes which his chief tion of some connoisseur in art, or might have been visited 1
had instituted, and championed their principles almost by the wealthy or luxurious classes, but you have chosen
single-handed against all opponents. The inauguration forn hears)hi thei n
tplacehe
face where d
ah e
iwnotTed havereat wished
thoroughfare
be—
of the " Peel Statue" was, therefore, universally felt to be this mighty city—(cheers)-y2in the great
of the of
the most appropriate ceremony that could have been de_ the commerce of England, where thousands and tens of
vised to introduce Mr. Gladstone to the citizens of Man- thousands will from day to day pass by the place where he
chester. stands, and have presented to their eyes and to their minds
The ceremony was fixed to take place at 12 o'clock to- a spectacle which can awaken no sentiments except thesentiments of public virtue and of grateful recollection.
day. Long before that hour, and indeed as soon as eight
(Cheers.) And, Mr. Mayor, it is the last words I will ad-
o'clock in the morning, groups of people began to gather dress to you when I say this :maw God grant that within
round the Infirmary, at the upper of end of which, front- the breasts of many of those ho shall traverse this
ing Market-street, the statue is placed. By 12 o'clock these crowded thoroughfare, as they eye the work that has
groups had swelled into a dense crowd, which completely been this day delivered over to your custody, it may
filled the broad area in front. From the different ware- awaken the noble and honourable desire to tread, each
houses and other large buildings in the immediate neigh- for himself in his sphere, be it wide or be it narrow,
bourhood, large flags waved in honour of the occasion, and the path of duty and of virtue—(cheers)—and in dis-
charging those functions which appertain to us as citizens,
several of the rnillowners gave their workers a holiday, that
they might participate in the joyous proceedings. The to discharge them in the spirit of that great man—the
crowd that was collected was indeed so great that, coupled spirit and determination to allow no difficulty, no obstacle,
with the imperfect arrangements made for preserving to stand between him and the performance of his duty—
order, it had nearly led to serious consequences. There was (cheers)—relying upon it that duty in this country is the
no palisading erected to keep off the multitude. The iron
railings in the immediate front of the Infirmary served as a road to fame—(cheers)—and that if public men do not reap
sufficient their reward, as in barbarous times they may have sought
barrier in that direction ; but at the upper end,
it—from immense and extended possessions measured upon
where it was intended to keep a space open for the entrance
of the corporation and committee of subscribers, there was the surface of the earth—yet they may reap it in a form
no other barricade than that formed by the policemen, the far more precious when, like Sir Robert Peel, they bequeath
a name that is the property, not only of their family, not
consequence was, that every few minutes a rush was made o
from behind, and nothing but the most desperate efforts ofnly of their own descendants, but of every man who calls
the policemen, and an occasional free use of their batons, himself an Englishman—a part of the commonwealth—
preserve something that helps to endear us to onr common country
d the space clear. In the end, however, authority
—something that makes us feel that England is indeed a
triumphed, and, in spite of the occasional collisions, gene-
ral good humour prevailed. country that it is a blessing to belong to—(cheers) a coun-
try that has a great and beneficial part to play in the de-
About twelve o'clock the corporation and subscribers
came in procession upon the ground, headed by Mr. s
oif mgns o
ofaki eers
Providence for the improvement and advancement
nd. Loud ch.)
Barnes, the mayor. The corporation presented a some- The proceedings closed with three cheers in succession for
what piebald appearance, for the great question of the Queen, the artist, and Mr. Gladstone.
gown or no gown, which about the time of the The mayor, corporation, and Chancellor of the Exche-
Queen's visit raged so furiously in Manchester, is not yet quer with his friends then left the grounds, but the crowd
extinguished. Hence, about half of the aldermen appeared. lingered behind for a considerable time.
in their red cloaks—the portly form of Sir John Potter being It may be proper to state here that the statue is a colossal
conspicuous among this party—and half the town coon- one of bronze, representing the great statesman in the atti-
cillors were robed in blue, while the other half wore only tad
the ordinary morning dress. The elite of Manchester were eof addressing the House of Commons. On either side,
and on lower pedestals—so low indeed as almost to destroy
also admitted inside the enclosure. Among these were the the unity of the group—there are two female figures in a sit-
Right Rev. the Bishop of Manchester, Mr. Brown, M.P. ting posture, intended to represent, one the Genius of Art,
for the county - Mr. Brotherton, M.P. for Salford ; Mr. the other the Genius of Commerce. With respect to the
Bazley, president of the Chamber of Commerce ; Mr. Fairbairn, C.E. ; Mr. Aspinall Turner, president of therincipal figure, the sculptor has not been very happyin the
Commercial Association; Mr. Entwistle, late member for it will be considered by most of those who knew him as a
likeness; as a representation of the features of Sir Robert
the county, and others. Neither of the city members was
The scene at this time was of a very imposing character. house.one assumed
advance,when
failure, but the attitude is very lifelike and natural, and was
present.
- whicithis Sirrigßhotbleergt
iosftae
The wide area in front of the Infirmary was completely holding a scroll, points downwards, while the left rests on
occupreq, the house tops were crowded with people, and the hip. The artist has had the good taste to preserve the
little tt l e i n
every window that commanded a view of the statue was modern costume
filled with groups of elegantly dressed ladies who hample to tis covered by cloak,
filled t e sur u
addressing
riesgshintgarmthe,
to take great interest in the whole pi. lade ,s,
seemed the folds of which supply all the details of drapery. that
About a quarter-past twelve, Mr. Gladstone • any sculptor could wish to perpetuate. The only inscrip-
one arrived, ting is on the front of thepedestal, and consists of the
accompanied by Mrs. Gladstone and Mr. J. C. Harter single
(with whom he is staying), the Bishop of Oxford, and word, "Peel."
some other friends. He was received by the crowd with
loud cheers. So soon as the cheering had subsided,
Alderman POTTER commenced the proceedings by stating
that this was an event of great importance to Manchester.
It was the inauguration of the first public statue that had
ever been erected in Manchester, and that statue was de-
dicated to the memory of a great statesman, who, in the
course of his long career, had proved himself the most
able, the most enlightened, and the most far-seeing of her
Majesty's subjects. (Cheers.) He had no doubt that the
thousands now around him sympathised in their pro-
ceedings. He was proud to think that the statesman
whose memory they had met to honour, connected, as he
was, with the trade of this district, had effected the
greatest benefit to England which this country had ever
experienced. They wanted not proofs of the benefits of
Sir R. Peel's measures. They had increased the content-
ment, the comfort, and the happiness of the millions who
inhabited this country. (Cheers.) Other advantages would,
indeed, have been small, had not the working classesof the
country participated in them. (Cheers.) The members
of the Peel Monument Committee were here to resign
their trust, and to offer to the citizens the result of
their labours, end they trusted that result would be satis-
factory to the people, worthy of the town, and worthy of
the man they wished to commemorate. He might recall
the deep gloom pervading, not Manchester alone, but the
whole kingdom, when that great man was snatched from
them. At that moment there was a numerous feeling
that some monument should be raised to his memory, and
though it was resolved that the subscriptions should be
limited in each case to 20 guineas, yet in four days it
amounted to upwards of 3,0001. Since then it had been
raised to 5,1001. Upwards of 1,000 firms had subscribed,
and many of the working classes had contributed their
mites. It was to be remembered that Salford and Bury
had also raised statues to his memory. He hoped they
would have reason to be proud of their own. He had also
the gratification of stating that there was present among
them the most distinguished pupil and colleague of Sir R.
Peel—the Chancellor of the Exchequer. (Cheers.) He had
already been introduced to the inhabitants of Manchester,
and he was sure that the more they knew of him the more
they would give him their support. (Cheers.) Sir R.
Peel had brought it about that the country could be ruled,
not for party motives, but for the public good ; and Mr.
Gladstone, in carrying out his principles, had almost de-
stroyed party feeling in this country, and had accom-
plished what Mr. Pitt could not do—he had carried a
measure which bid fair to be one of the most lasting bene-
fit. (Cheers.) He apologised for detaining them so long,
and now he hoped they would accept the statue. [The
statue was here uncovered amidst the cheers of the crowd,
after which Sir John continued.] Such is the result of
our labours. I now transfer it, Mr. Mayor, to you, and to
the municipality, and hope it will prove a lasting memorial
of one of the greatest Englishmen that ever lived. (Cheers.)
The MA.YOR then addressed the meeting, acceptin the
trust reposed in him as the organ of the corporation.
e corporat,ion.
As a work of art, he thought it would be a lasting me-
mento to the skill and genius, of OIL Marshall, the sculp-
tor. Regarded as a memorial of him, whose image and superscription it bore, they could never look upon it with
out a feeling of thankfulness to Providence for having
raised up such a man at such a crisis. (Cheers.) His
name, indeed, had secured a resting place in every home
whose firesides were cheered and comforted by the mea-
sures he had carried. (Cheers.) It was a matter of re-
joicing that they had present with them on this occasion
the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who had worked with
Sir Robert Peel in maturing the measures of free trade,
and who was their most active and consistent supporter.
(Cheers.) It would ever be a pleasant recollection that
that distinguished statesma
hen was present at the inaugu-
ration of atrusted would hand down to
future ages the feelings of admiration which Manchester
entertained for the memory of Sir Robert Peel. (Loud
cheers.)

PRESENTATION OF ADDRESSES.
The company then adjourned to the Town-hall, where it
was intended that addresses should be presented to Mr.
Gladstone from the Town Council, the Chamber of Com-
merce, and the Commercial Association. The large hall
was densely and most inconveniently crowded. The
front seats were reserved for the corporation—the platform
for the mayor and the heads of the different commercial
bodies, and Mr. Gladstone and his friends, who accom-
panied him from the site of the statue to the Town-hall.
About twenty minutes after one o'clock the Chancellor
of the Exchequer entered the hall, and was received with
loud and reiterated cheers. The mayor took the chair,
having Mr. Gladstone seated on his right.
Order having been restored,
Tho MAYOR addressed Mr. Gladstone, and said it w
most cordial satisfaction to him, in his officiall capaektyn a
or
welcome him to Manchester. He believed Manchester
was always willing to honour public men,
pbriutviantehiws
worth
they were also anxious to do honour to hie
and virtues. (Cheers.) As a statesman, they, had reason
_
to honour him for his consistent advocacy of tne principles
of free trade, and for having in his present office done
much to complete and perfect what Sir Robert Peel began.
(Cheers.) The council of Manchester was composed of all
shades of political opinion, but ho had great pleasure in
stating that the address to him was agreed to unani-
mously, and he believed it represented the sentiments of
all classes in Manchester.
The following address was then read by the TOWN
CLERK :
"To the Right Honourable' William Ewart Gladstone,
M.P., Chancellor of the Exchequer, &c.
"We, the mayor, aldermen, and citizens of the city of
Manchester, in council assembled, gladly avail ourselves of
the opportunity afforded of bidding you welcome on the oc-
casion of your visit to the capital of the manufacturing dis-
tricts, and of assuring you on behalf of the vast population
whom we represent, of the high estimation in which you
are held for your exemplary private worth and character,
and of the gratitude felt for the great public services which
you have rendered to your country.
" We refer with feelings of admiration to your generous
and disinterested efforts in the cause of suffering humanity
at a time when you were seeking repose, and travelling in
search of renewed health, when you publicly and indig-
nantly denounced the persecutions with which you became
acquainted, and by the eloquence of your pen, and the
influence deservedly attaching to your name and character,
endeavoured in the face of Europe to compel a recognition
of the great principles of civil liberty, and the rights of
conscience. (Loud cheers.)
"It is a gratification to see amongst us so distinguished
a member of the Cabinet, which now watches over the
affairs of this empire, and which is happily formed of the
most able and experienced statesmen of the age, who with
a (patriotic disregard of party considerations, are, as we
believe, united together for the purpose of carrying out
such measures as shall conduce to the honour of the Crown,
and the benefit of the whole community.
"As one of the most powerful and successful advocates
of the great principles of commercial freedom, which will
be for ever identified with the name of Sir Robert Peel,
we are glad to welcome you at the time when the first ,
public monument in this city, erected by the contributions
of thousands of our fellow-citizens, is inaugurated to the
memory of that able and distinguished statesman with
whom you were long associated in office, and who largely ,
profited by your co-operation and support.
" We offer to you our grateful acknowledgments for the
comprehensive and consider. t financial scheme which during
the last session was introduced by you to the House of
Commons, with an eloquence of statement, an enlarged
intelligence, and a clearness and force of reasoning
which excited universal admiration, and rendered opposi-
tion futile—(cheers)—and which, as the natural and neces-
sary result, was triumphantly carried through both houses
of the Legislature. •

" By the removal of the anomalies and inequalities of
taxation, you have given to the fiscal arrangements of this
country a consistency and stability which has been hitherto
unknown.

" We find within your scheme the principle of commer-
cial freedom fully recognised and largely extended ; and in
the abolition of the duty on soap, the most important tax
remaining on any article of necessary consumption erased
from the statute book.
"Therein was embodied, and almost without opposition
passed—in the imposition of thetax on successions—(cheers)

I trust true that they have united together from the most
honourable motives—it is unquestionably true that they
I stand associated together in carrying on the public service,
1 disregarding former party distinctions. (Cheers.) Let me
say as I go on, that I cannot but attach a peculiar value to
the unanimous votes with which these addresses were
adopted. Free discussion, perfect liberty of expressing
conscientiously formed opinion, is a distinguishing mark,
and no small part of the glory and the happiness of this
country. But the consequence of free discussion is a free
development of difference in opinion conscientiously en-
tertained ; and the effect of that difference of opinion must
surely be to enhance tenfold the value of that unanimous
concurrence, without a single exception, which you have
been kind enough to announce to ins to-day. (Cheers.)
With regard to the Government, it is, as I have said, un-
questionably true that they have acted together in disre-
gard of party considerations. I do not believe that the
principles of party are about to be extinguished in this
country. The machinery of government almost requires
some kind of organisation. It is hardly possible we can
hope that the nature of man is yet at least so far changed
that we can dispense with the associations of party ; and I
am bound to say that the associations of party, though un-
doubtedly there are evils attending them, yet they have
materially contributed, and especially of recent years, to
maintain a high standard of honour among public men,
and to subject their conduct to the operation of those mo-
tives, which are the best security to you for the proper dis-
charge of their public duties. Yet I feel it a true gratifi-
cation to be able to state that I believe there never was a
stood
al less upon lts
Government i.ri the recent annals of this country that
party connections, or more upon the
gener support and confidence of the public, than the Go-
vernment of which I have the honour to form a part. Set-
et idni gy ah sei dr ea
isa subjectsbelieve n
vacrrieodusi t has been may
given to dtu h
o utbte-
motives of such men as my Lord Aberdeen and Lord John
Russell, in having joined hands in December last to carry
on the business of the country ; and I am sure I shall be
borne out by those who have observed most minutely the
course of public business in the House of Commons, when
I state it as an unquestionable fact, that the bond of party
connection has never been weaker than during the present
session ; and yet the confidence of Parliament and the ap-
probation of the country enabled the Government to carry
into law important and vital propositions with greater
rapidity and effect than on ordinary occasions. (Cheers.)
I may say, and I do not consider it a humiliating con-
fession, that I doubt whether any Government ever sus-
tained greater defeats in divisions on questions of secon-
dary importance—(laughter)—l speak in the presence of
the hon. member for Salford and the hon. member for
South Lancashire, who will correct me if I am wrong—
defeats on secondary questions than the Government of
Lord Aberdeen has done. Those defeats manifested the
free and unfettered judgments which prevail in the House
of Commons. I deeply lamented some of them—sometimes
I was nettled by them. (Laughter.) Endeavouring to
defend taxes which it was impossible to part with, I was
not very well pleased, when I heard the announcement of •
the numbers from the chair, to find that the relative forces
were not exactly what I could wish them. But it is cer-
tainly a remarkable consideration that, along with this
manifestation of free individual sentiment, and in the ab-
sence of close party organisation, the present session of
Parliament has been surpassed by few in the amount of
public work and business which it has seen transacted,
and in the measures of the greatest weight and importance
which it has seen passed into law. (Loud cheers.) So
much on the subject of disregard of party connections, on
which you have expressed opinions which are thoroughly
in accordance with my own. And may I take the liberty
of saying one word more on the subject of political connec-
tions? It is this. No man can have watched the parlia-
mentary history of this country within the walls of the
House of Commons during the last 20 years—since the
time of the passing of the Reform Bill— and failed to see
that in the course of that period differences have been
softened—opinions have approximated • men of different
political creeds have learned to think and charit-
ably of one another; the space which divided this side
of thb house from that side of the house has narrowed ;
and if I were asked the cause I would say, it is due in
great part to the eminent public virtues of Sir Robert Peel
—(cheers)—a man who, though the head and chief of a great
party, and who knew how to value their confidence, yet
when public duty called him did not hesitate to lay upon
the altar of his country every advantage and satisfaction
which party could possibly have conferred, and followed
the strait path of duty, looking neither to the right hand
nor tp the left. And I think it is a cause of peculiar plea-
sure, a matter of great thankfulness to Providence, that
at a .period when we have seen Europe making certainly
little:progress—perhaps I should say actually receding in
the work of political organisation, and in the harmony
of classes—that in England we have seen a mitigation
of differences taking place and great progress made in
works of useful legislation, and an increase among the
masses of a feeling of respect for the laws and attachment
to the Throne and institutions of the country. (Loud
cheers.) You have been pleased—l speak now of the ad-
dress of the corporation, which I know represents the sen-
timents of the inhabitants of Manchester—you have been '
pleased to express your confidence that the Government
which is now charged with public affairs will give effect to
such measures as will conduce to the honour of the
Crown and the benefit of the community. I value pecu-
liarly' and supremely--every member of the Administration
must value as I do—this expression of your feelings. lam
sure I do not misinterpret this reference to the honour of
the Crown, when I interpret it with reference to the ques-
tion in which, at the present moment, the honour of the
Crown, as well as various other interests, are deeply in-
volved—namely, the question of peace or war—(loud cries
of " hear, hear")—which holds the mind of Europe in agi-
tation and suspense from one extremity to the other. If
you tire persuaded that the honour of the Crown is safe in
the Minds of her Majesty's present advisers, I am sure that
no testimony can convey to them a more gratifying feeling
—I am sure that no testimony which can reach them will
contribute more to strengthen their handssin the discharge '
of their public duty, and in bearing that conspicuous part
whicl, must belong to England in the consideration of every
great European question. It was perhaps to be expected
that the delays and vexations incident to these protracted
negot ations would lead to a sentiment of impatience
amon a portion of the community. Undoubtedly it was
to be xpected in this free country that the measures and
moti es of the Government—especially when covered in
some egree with a portion of necessary reserve—would not
recei e from every one an absolutely favourable construc-
tion. It was to be expected that the general sentiment
on th present relations between Russia and Turkey, where
there has been an overbearing aggression on the part
of the former, would be that of eagerness and anxiety
for some marked and positive demonstration on thei part
of &gland against the aggressor. But I venture to 'say
that I er Majesty's Government do not feel in the least de-
gree Disposed to shrink from any portion of the res
bilityi they have assumed in making every effort—in
. and beyond hope,
hop-
ing, i that were necessary, against hopeinho
hoping
p to the whic lam happy to say it is no
successful in warding off
utter-
most Jthat their efforts would be
awar.
(Loud cheers.)
the frightful calamity ofa general war.
is
up
when they see
No dfubt, the blood of Englishmen
aggressiongoing on. No doubt, a contest
oppression and party and a weaker party
cam on between a stronger
appeas forcibly to those feelings which we are accustomed
l
No doubt, the lapse of time
which} eminently national..
to Ott
whicll has already passed without any apparent result, is
calculated to try the patience of the community. But
trust rue, gentlemen, the measure of the real greatness of
a people lies in their power of self-command and that self-
restraint, whether exercised by a nation or by individuals,
is always liable to be mistaken, and its action to be charged
as indifference, feebleness, and cowardice. We know, I
trust, the difference between them. We know that a dig-
nified patience, and a sense of the duty which we owe• as
men and as Christians, will not be wanting in readiness,
when the time comes, to vindicate the honour of the coun-
try. (Cheers.) What do we mean when we speak of a
general war ? Certainly there is a glare and a glory about
the operations of war which appeal to some of the noblest
elements of human nature, and which render us too little
mindful, I fear, of its accompaniments. When we speak
of a general war, we do not speak of a real progress on
the road to freedom—of real progress in the advancement
of human intelligence. These may sometimes be the in-
tentions—rarely, I fear, are they the results of war.
When we speak of a general war, we mean the face of
nature stained with human gore—we mean the bread
taken out of the mouths of millions—we mean taxation
indefinitely increased, and trade and industry wofully
diminished—we mean heavy burdens entailed upon our
latest posterity—we mean that demoralisation is let loose,
families are broken up, and lust stalks unbridled
in every country which is visited by the calamity of
war. (Loud cheers.) If that be a true description of war,
is it mot also true that it is the absolute duty of. ,the Go-
vernment to exercise for themselves that self-command
which they recommend to others, and that they should
labour to the uttermost for the adoption of any and every
honourable expedient which may be the means of averting
that frightful scourge. (Cheers.) lam certain—l might
have anticipated it before, but at this moment I can have
no doubt, after the expression of your feelings which you
have just given—that these are the sentiments which ani-
mate the peaceful community of Great Britain, associated
as they are in the works of industry and enterprise, 'and
1 who, as practical men, come into close contact with ques-
tions of public policy. They know the dangers- we have
to encounter, the difficulties we have to meet, find by their
1 generous confidence lam sure we shall be supported. In
Parliament Ministers have repeatedly admitted, as yon are
aware, that it is their duty to maintain what is called—
and with some qualification truly called—the integrity and
independence of the Ottoman Empire. But we knowthe we speak of that integrity and independence of a ,
in
the
Otto-
man Empire, that we do not use the terms exao Y
and
same sense in which we would speak of the integrity
e
the Otto-
independence of England or of France, because
full of ano-
malies, Empire describes a sovereignty wiie? 'difficulty, the
malies, the source of much weakness 'and
affairs of which from S years to 5 yews, _jever since we were
subject of European
born, and long before, have been then dean to ex
discussion and arrangement. d
7e? at sub
which developpress any
them-
opinion upon those deep questions
al organisation of the Otto-
selves out of the peculiar inatei:.nurope
an dominions of the •
man Empire. So far &set
j/cluov.s
that it presents this extra-
Sultan are concerned, av
that three millions of persons
ordinary political solecism,aa
faith, exercise—l will not call
the Mussnlm .
professing
it despotism, but I will call it by the mild name of
er twelve millions of our
sovereignty—over
dominion and
We don't intend to
fellow-Christians.
enter into the
out of this •us questions which. arise . .
state of things.
179/10
But what we say is this, that it is necessary to have
illation in the distribution of power in Europe,
some reg
and that the absorption of territ b
017 y one power
inn the government of Europe, which would follow upon its
couest of the Ottoman Empire, would be so dangerous
to the peace of Europe, that it is the duty of England, at
whatever cost, to set herself against it. The principle has
been fully recognised in all discussions and all measures
taken in connection with the great Eastern question. But,
having made that recognition, and having laid down the
condition that the absorption of the Ottoman empire by
external force cannot be permitted—subject to that condi-
tion, and to any reasonable interpretation which that con-
dition involves—her Majesty's Government have adopted,
and have acted upon the principle, that it is their duty, if
necessary, against or beyond hope, at all events as long as
a rational hope exists, to labour for the maintenance of
peace. (Loud cheers.) Now, Mr. Mayor and gentlemen,
that is what the Government has desired to do. (Hear,
hear.) There has grown up in Europe of late years a prac-
tice of combining the great powers for the difficulties

—a measure which, whilst its justice has been long ad-
mitted, no statesman of recent date has ventured to bruin-
forward, and tyhich the great financier who originated the
system of legacy duties failed in the attempt to carry out.
" And therein r,-ras also included, and, as the result of a
statement which fot- its excellence is perhaps unparalleled
in the annals of Par2iament, with little opposition sane-
tiooed the renewal and extension of the income tax, which
all feel to be unequal and oppressive in its operation (but,
under the circumstancas, unavoidable), with, however, for
the first time, a clear and distinct understanding that at the
expiration of the reserved t erm such tax ought to disappear.
"As the representatives of a community which is pecu-
liarly interested in the nrov-ass of commercial freedom, we
e nf u
ltlsy ft ohre
gyroeuait-
ipnoer ti
pal ne
et
tender to you our acnowlet-I,gmut
and successful efforts to car 27 t
of free trade, and the expression. of our earnest hope that
the resultcontinued
of that
you may be long spared to. devot e your talents to the ser-
vice of your country, and to wig, as tt
policy which you have most ably aut 0
et e
and increasing prosperity of all east,es in this country—
rewarded by the consciousness that tow.ards the accom-
plishment of those vast and beneficent rt'sults your services
have largely contributed." (Loud cheers.)
The address having been read,
The MAYOR stated that he concurred in every word of
the address, and not least in the hope expressed that, _Arr.
Gladstone might bo long spared to devote his brilliant
talents to the service of his country. He had great plea-
sure in presenting him with the address. (Cheers.)
Mr. BAZLEY, President of the Chamber of Commerce,
then addressed the meeting, and said that on learning the
Chancellor of the Exchequer was about to become the
guest of their friend and neighbour, Mr. Harter, the direc-
tors of the Chamber of Commerce resolved to present him
with an address, which fie would now read :
"To the Right Hon. William Ewart Gladstone, M.P.,
Chancellor of her Majesty's Exchequer, &c.
" Sir,—The directors of the Chamber of Commerce and
Manufactures at Manchester eagerly avail themselves of
your visit to this city to tender to you their svarm acknow-
ledgments for the eminent services which you have rendered
to the country during the session of Parliament recently,
brought to a close, and to express a hope that a rontinu-
ance, unimpaired by external circumstances, of those sa-
tisfactory results which have not failed to attend upon
every successive development of a free-trade policy, may
soon enable you to carry that system to perfection, and to
erase from the British tariff blots which still deface it.
"Bound by its rules to confine its consideration to mat-
ters of commercial bearing alone, this Chamber never
ceased to protest against the corn law of 1815, and all sub-
sequent modifications of it, as injurious to every interest
in the State, and it was the first to proclaini that the pro-
tection which the Legislature professed to threw around
the manufactures of this country was alike illusory and
mischievous to all. It marked, therefore, as it well might,
the tendency of the commercial policy foreshadowed in the
session of 1842 with hope ; it received, as it had a right
to do, the enactments of 1846 with joy and gratitude; and
it remembers that at both these periods you were associ-
ated with that great and lamented statesman who had the
patriotism to propose the talent to defend, and the cour-
age to carry those initiative measures which he had become
convinced were necessary for his country's good. The
Chamber was not slow, then, to express its thankfulness to
Sir Robert Peel and his associates in power, and it is
glad to renew it now to yourself in person, not only
for your share in the commencement of, but for
your continued adherence to that policy, which through
its whole course has been marked by unmixed benefit, and
is at this moment of immeasurable value.
" Anxious for the full accomplishment of free trade prin-
ciples in this kingdom, irrespective of any policy which
other countries may pursue, this Chamber would be un-
faithful to its long-cherished convictions did it not avow
that it would gladly have seen in the improved tariff of the
present year a total abolition of the very unimportant dif-
ferential duties which still remain, and of the duties on silk
manufactures, as also a great reduction in the duties on
wine; but trusting that they are retained only until the na-
tional revenue shall with safety permit the fullest application
of sound principles to our tariff, the directors of the Cham-
ber of Commerce and Manufactures at Manchester repeat
their deep sense of the obligations they owe to you and to
your colleagues in office, and bid you a respectful but most
sincere welcome to this city." (Cheers).
Mr. Bazley continued :—Personally, he could not with-
hold the expression of his feelings, that Mr. Gladstone and
his colleagues had, by their pacific and prudent policy,
contributed to the satisfaction which at present pervaded
all her Majesty's subjects, and the state of the public
revenue, as last declared, was only a tribute peculiar to
himself. (Cheers). Permit him to express a hope that
the right hon. gentleman's valuable life might be long
spared to his family and to his country. (Loud cheers.)
Mr. ASPINALL TURNER then addressed the Chancellor of
the Exchequer, and read the following address from the
Commercial Association, of which he was president, and in
the sentiments of which, he said, he fully concurred "To the Right Hon. William Ewart Gladstone, M.P.,
Chancellor of her Majesty's Exchequer, &c.
" Sir,—We, the directors of the Manchester Commercial
Association, desire to offer you our cordial welcome on
your arrival in this city.
" Most gladly do we avail ourselves of the opportunity to
acknowledge how largely you contributed to the successful
issue of the struggle for commercial freedom under the
guidance of one to whose name the citizens of Manchester
have this day reared an enduring memorial.
" We regard your presence at this time as well befitting
the occasion, looking upon you as the able and consistent
expositor of those principles of legislation bequeathed to
his country by the late Sir Robert Peel.
" Having already gratefully recognised the value of those
principles, as carried out in the admirable commercial
measures submitted by you to Parliament during the last
session, we would now express our hope that, in your
hands, they are destined to attain still further develop.
ment.
" We also feel called upon to return you our sincere
thanks for the ready and courteous attention you have at
all times extended to our official representations ; and we
should add our earnest wish that you may long live to ex-
ercise for the good of your country those talents which
have rendered you so distinguished an ornament of the Bri-
tish Senate."
Mr. Turner continued, and, after referring to the inaugu-
ration of the statue of Sir Robert Peel, said his fellow-
citizens would reflect with pride that the father of the man
whose memory they had recorded, and the father of him
whose presence they now greeted, were, one an eminent
manufacturer, and the other an eminent merchant of
South Lancashire. Their sons had gained for themselves
names more imperishable than their fathers, and he would
say to the younger citizens of Manchester, that though
their fathers had laboured for them, there was nothing in
their position to exclude them—more than it had excluded
Sir Robert Peel and Mr. Gladstone—from attaining to the
highest offices of the State. (Loud cheers.)
Mr. GLADSTONE then rose to address the meeting, and
was received with enthusiastic cheers. When order was
restored, he said—Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen, I may truly
say—at least lam certain no man had more cause to say
—that it is a matter of the most hopeless difficulty to
convey to your minds a sense of the mixed and strong emo-
tions which I feel to-day. I have come to Manchester,
drawn hither by the strong interest which attaches to this
most remarkable community—a community which has per-
haps accumulated greater wealth than any commercial or
manufacturing emporium, certainly more than any provin
emporium, that is known in the history of worldth
—(cheers)--but with respect to which its Accumulation tinof
a 9
wealth is still less remarkable than the advance its in-
telligence, and the prominent way
in whichthatninte
gence has enabled Manchester to influence, at least
re-
cent years, the fortunes and the destinies of this country.
No man can visit this city without being more and more
reminded of this by all that he sees and hears. Mr. As-
!pinall Turner has kindly reminded me that I am not with-
out local ties to this district—ties which are, and which
ever will be, dear to me, and which give me a special in-
terest and a special attachment to this part of the country.
I have witnessed the wonders of your great industry, the
marvels of your organisation—the mode in which you
husband, and by husbanding multiply, all the resources
that are applicable to commerce and art—and I have seen,
moreover, in your town, the true representation of those
united figures which you have seen to-day at the base of
the statue of Sir Robert Peel. I have seen art, not go-1
verning merely, but beautifying the productions of com-
merce, and I trust that in this great queen, as it may well
be called, of productive industry, you will more and more
cherish the union of these two great principles and powers,
being aware, in the first place, that beauty is a principle
of commerce, and the greatest secret of its strength,
efficacy, and success ; and being aware also that, over
and above its commercial effects it has the power
to refine and elevate the mind of man the
mind not only of those whom we term the educated
classes, but the whole mind and the whole feeling of the
community. To witness all this is reward enough for him
who visits Manchester. But,l have come among yon at a
moment of deep interest—at a time when you were proceed-
ing to complete thenoble tribute which you have paid this
day to the memory of the illustrious dead. And you have
been kind enough to use this occasion, and to employ it for
the purpose of expressing the sentiments which you are
pleased to entertain for one of the living. And if I am sen-
sible of any deduction—of any drawback from those feel-
ings of profound gratification with which you have filled my
breast, it would be in the recollection how poor are the
merits and how limited the services of him who now stands
before you—(No)—in comparison of the immortal services
and of the merits, scarcely to be estimated, of him whose
name has to-day been placed in juxtaposition to
mine—pleasing, indeed, and flattering to me, but
less, far less than the memory of that great man
deserves. To you, Mr. Mayor, as representing the
corporation, and to Mr. Bazley and Mr. Turner, as
connected with those distinguished associations which
I know in themselves represent no small portion of the
mind and influence of Manchester with respect to public
affairs, I tender my most sincere and profound thanks for
the part which you personally have borne, and for the part
which those you represent have borne, in presenting me
with these addresses ; and though I feel that you have
greatly overvalued the merits which are due, if any are due,
to my personal character and public acts, yet not on that
account most assuredly is the sense of gratitude enfeebled
with which you have impressed me, and which will never
be effaced. (Cheers.) But I have done with personalhe toneob.
ob-
servations, for I know that highly coloured as is
of your feelings, yet I may take it at least as an expression
of that indulgent judgment which you
pass upon the effprts of public men, and
aatrteh eevsaelna. ready
eetaidme to
•
an expression of 'the interest you take in adhering to cer-
tain principles of public policy, which principles you feel
to be vital to the welfare of
considerthecounwit7h.
wh(Lomouidacmheers.)
And I must say that when
asso-
ciated in the public service, I blush less than I otherwise
would have done at receiving this tribute of public appro-
bation and regard, which you have paid to me and my col-
leagues in the Government, and which with respect to them
I hope I may say are not altogether undeserved. it is I I