The Sun.
London, England, 1854-07-08 00:00:00

L')NDON, SATURDAY, JULY 8, 1854.

Upwards a month has elapsed since the trans-
mission from Vienna of that demand on the part
of the Austrian and Prussian Governments for the
immediate evacuation of the Principalities by the
army of the Northern AUTOCRAT—with the Im-
perial reply to which we have only just now been
made acquainted by a few incoherent syllables
flashed across the channel by electric telegraph.
The despatch now answered on the 7th or Bth
July, set out as long ago as the 2d of June on its
way to St. Petersburg. It was couched in terms
sufficiently guarded and courteous to have propi-
tiated even the arrogance of a Czar as haughty and
domineering as the Emperor NICHOLAS. Neverthe-
less, more than fiveweeks have sped past before this
courtly document has been responded to--and now
that the reply has actually been received, it i
found to be one tantamount to a distinct refusal
of compliance with the scheme of the proposed ar-
rangement. Yet the twin missive had been
couched, we repeat, in language sufficiently mode-
rate and conciliative to have led the CZAR at last
to an extrication from his manifold and gigantic
difficulties. The Vienna despatch ventured to
suggest that the EMPEROR of Russia would not,
by indefinitely prolonging the occupation •f the
invaded provinces, or by attaching to the evacu-
ation conditions beyond the control of the Austrian
Cabinet, oblige the KAISER to resort to measures
which would then become necessary for the
protection of interests so grievously com-
promised. Somewhat in the same spirit the
Berlin despatch intimated a desire on the part of
the KING that the EMPEROR would so contrive
matters that the answer vouchsafed to this demand
on the part of the Germanic Powers, might be of
such a character as to release the Prussian Cabi-
net from the painful duties imposed upon it by
its undoubted responsibilities and engagements.
To these persuasive communications the AUTO-
CRAT has, after the lapse of a whole month, re-
sponded in words equivalent, as we have said, to
a positive refusal to evacuate both Principalities.
His army consents (because compelled to do so)
to retire from Wallachia, but its Imperial Lord
ordains that it shall, as the result of this retro-
grade movement, take up a position on the banks
—not of the Pruth, but—of the Serreth. The
Russian troops are still to retain Moldavia in
their possession. The frontiers of Bessarabia are
not to be recrossed except on the condition that
the French and English soldiers be simultaneously
withdrawn through the Bosphorus and the Darda-
nelles into the Mediterranean. A condition exactly
of the kind specified by the Vienna despatch
—being one, assuredly, altogether beyond the
control of the Austrian Government. Where-
fore the reply at last given by the CZAR 75
unfavourable—is a refusal—is to all intents
and purposes so distinctly a refusal, that, sup-
posing the German Powers to be sincere in
their avowed intentions, it must at length com-
pel Austria at the very least (we say nothing at
all about Prussia) to take an active part with the
Allies in the war against Russia. We shall see.
We may now look for the result in eager expec-
tation.

At the very time when the CZAR accords this
insensate reply to the demands made by Austria
and Prussia for the evacuation of the Principali-
ties, the fleets and armies of his antagonists are
rapidly closing in upon the frontiers of his empire.

A brief interval, and the world may behold the
recompense of his lawless ambition by the avenging
arms of the champions of the rights of Chris-
tendom.

The Divine Founder of our faith complained,
while fulfilling his mission, that in whatever way
the heavenly message was presented, its hearers
, were dissatisfied; His austere predecessor was
charged with having a devil, while He himself
was denounced as a gluttonous man and a wine-
bibber. The sects of that day were discon-
tented, and worse, with anything which did
not strengthen their favourite creed. Much the
same has been the fate of education in these
sectarian days of ours. All profound interoit
in educating the humbler classes 'has sp na;
from the bosom of Christianity, and, like Chris-
tianity as preached by our Lono, it can shape
itself in no form which will suit all the sects ; and
simply because their zeal for sectarian distinctions
is stronger than their zeal for their common faith,
and much stronger than for that which would be
a substantial gain to every Christian denomina-
tion, as well as to the community viewed socially,
—the thorough education of the masses. We
by no means intend to denounce all this
denominational zeal as hypocrisy ; it is for
the more part sincere, but it is blind sincerity
assuredly. Allowing to each denomination, for
argument's sake, all the merits it can reasonably
claim for its distinctive features, we would ear-
nestly inquire of all cool-thinking men belonging
to it, whether those peculiarities really ought to
stand in the way of a truly national system of
education. Let them remember that it is
the peculiarities alone which are the hin-
drance. The facts of the Apostles' Creed, or
of the Gospel at least, and the precepts
of the Decalogue with their summary in two Chris-
tian precepts, no Christian denomination dreams
of objecting to ; it is the debated matters of
Church government chiefly, or of the efficacy of
ceremonies, or of the correctness of some meta-
physical theses, on which Christians differ ; it is
these, therefore, and not the essentials of our
faith that are the real obstacle to union in a sub-
stantially religious education. Yet if the attempt
is made to teach religion at different hours to
those appropriated to reading, writing, and
arithmetic, and that, too, in order to enable the
denominations to unite the teaching of peculiari-
ties with essentials, forthwith the absurd cry is
raised of " Godless Education." Neither united
education in essentials, nor separate education in
peculiarities will do. We are confident such vio-
lation of all common sense could not long survive
full public discussion. Our descendants, on the
other side the Atlantic, have, indeed, discussed
and settled the question most wisely years ago.
We are glad, therefore, that the various p
ble modes of national -education are more likely
to become the subject of Parliamentaryaliscussion
and examination than hitherto ; and we are in-
(dined to think with Mr. COBDEN in his remark
during the debate on the education vote demanded
for the Committee of Privy Council, that if the sub-
ject be fully and fairly discussed in Parliament, a
common-sense solution of the difficulties must
force itself upon the public. This year, we suppose
on account of the magnitude of the vote, the Lord
President of the Privy Council felt constrained
to offer some remarks upon it ; 343,0001., being
an addition of 83,0001. to the vote of last year,
was too large an amount to be slipped through,
like last year's grant, without a word. It would
seem, from Lord JOHN'S statements, that the
great increase was required to pay the ever-aug-
menting demand for pupil teachers, who receive
about 181. a-year each, and amount in number to
6,912, representing, it is stated, some 280,000
children instructed by them. Lord JOHN con-
siders this to be a great step towards im-
proving the quality of the education. Of this,
however, we are by no means confident, and we
see with pleasure that Mr. MALL'S amendment to
reduce the vote to the amount of last year resulted
in the consent of Lord JOHN RUSSELL to the ap-
pointment next session of a committee of investi-
gation. The Member for Rochdale had, as several
Members confessed, a strong case, in objecting to
the unconstitutional mode of voting this grant
with no estimate whatever laid before the
House, and to a body which could change
the application of the money by its own
self-authorised minutes. There is no reason
why Sir JOHN KAY SHUTTLEWORTII, who is, in
fact, the Education Committee of Privy Council,
should administer the third of a million of the
public money without exposing his demands in
detail before our Financial as well as our Educa-
tional Reformers. We do not grudge the
amount, or a very much larger, if well applied,
but we want full proof that it is well applied.
It would seem, from the 'respecters' reports,
that the new plans have failed to keep the children
longer at school, and so to improve the education,
•and that great numbers of the pupil teachers are
dissatisfied at not finding Government or other
situations. These things show how reasonable it
is to inquire for what we are paying money on a
scheme, which if it goes on will certainly require
millions a-year. It may turn out that, at great
cost,we improve_ the quality of education for a
few, but not for the many, and that the large
e
numbers of children whose parents care within°
about education never will be touched by our mil-
lions of public money.

Now, this is certainly not what we all desire.
Whenever we think of national education, the
pleasing vision is of a scheme which shall educate
the hitherto uneducated part of the nation. We
remember immediately the hundreds and thou-
sands of ragged, dirty, idle urchins who swarm in
all the back streets between our great thorough-
fares and in other districts abandoned
to the hopeless unwashed the offspring
of that third of the population which
attend no place of worship whatever. In regard
to these, it is more important by far that national
education should regard the quantity rather than
the quality of the education, great as was the stress
laid by Lord J. RUSSELL on the latter. It will
hardly do to go on voting immense sums to polish
up a comparatively few pupil teachers, while the
vast class which peoples our prisons and workshops
are left without education at all. We must own that
hitherto Sunday Schools, and, still more, Ragged
Schools, have accomplished far more for this class
than Sir J. K. SHUTTLEWORTH'S schools ; yet it
is just this class, the class to which the Govern
ment stands most of all in loco parentis, which
ought to feel the benefit of national grants. For
these reasons we are well satisfied that the matter
is to be fairly examined next year.

The new Prussian Minister, Count Von Benssloff, on
his arrival from Berlin, which is hourly expected at the
Embassy, on Carlton House-terrace, will be presented
to the Queen, at the first Court after his Excellency's
arrival, by Lord Clarendon. The mansion has been
secured to the Prussian Government on a long lease, by
act of Parliament.
The Duchess Dowager of Cleveland and Mr. and Mrs.
Coore left town yesterday for Westfield House, Ryde,
Isle of Wight.
The Duke and Duchess of Richmond, although his
Grace is understood to have retired from the turf, will
display their annual splendid hospitalities to a dis-
tinguished circle at Goodwood-park during the forth-
coming races. Prince Edward, of Saxe Weimer, his
Grace's son•in-law, of the third battalion of Grenadier
Guards, just promoted to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel by
brevet, is doing duty with his regiment at the seat of
war. Her Highness the Princess Edward is staying
with her noble parents during her gallant husband's
absence in the East.

AN INTERESTING INVALID.—The Kreuz Zeitung
(Russian organ in Berlin) cooly announces that at Kis-
singen, near the Rhine, a house has been taken for the
present bathing season for the Emperor of Russia, who
will drink the waters there for sonic weeks.
CREMORNE GAUDENS.—Although " summer has set in
with its usual severity," these gardens, except on
decidedly wet evenings, are extremely well attended.
In no preceding season have they presented so tasteful
and brilliant an appearance, a,d the objects of attraction
are all but innumerable. As the majority of the visitors
do not arrive from town until nightfall, we would
suggest a later hour than half-past seven for the com-
mencement of the ballet, which is e,peci,dly deserving
of being seen by all, and is, of itself, well worth a trip to
Creinurne. The manner in which the Bridal Morn is
put upon the stage is most creditable to the. manage-
ment ; and the admirable dancing and pantomime of M.
Milano, and Madlles. Therese and Annie Cushine, the
comic exploits of Messrs. Seymour, Wright, and John-
son, the beauty of the scenery, and the excellence of the
music, justly command the warm expressions of admira-
tion and delight with which they are regarded.
Some fetes of great brilliancy and of a pecurarly attrac-
tive character, are reported to be in contemplation.

LAW INTELLIGENCE--(THIS DAY).

COURT OF EXCHEQUER.
(Before the Lord Chief Baron and a Special Jury.)

PARK V. SWAN.

This was an action to recover the sum of 1007., upon a
policy of insurance effected upon the George the Fourth,
a coasting vessel, of Malden, which sunk in the Yar-
mouth Roads.

The defence set up was that the policy had been
effected by fraud, the vessel having been represented as
the George the Fourth, of Nevan, North Wales.
It appeared that the plaintiff, who is owner of the
vessel, had brought his action against the underwriter,
whom it was evident had been deceived by the broker
who had effected the insurance, he (the broker) having
made some mistake about the vessel.
Mr. Bramwell, for the defendant, after hearing the
statement of the plaintiff's evidence, who was called by
the defendant, said the affair was an error i❑ the name
and the description of the vessel at the time of making
the policy.

Under these circumstances a nonsuit was entered.

COMMON PLEAS.
(Before the ord Chief Justice.)

WOOTTON V. THE C ENERAL SCREW STEAM COMPANY.
This was an action to recover damages for the alleged
improper dismissal of the plaintiff, who was chief
engineer of the Hyd ispes. The defendants alleged negli-
gence and incompetency, and also denied the contracts .
Upon the proceedings being opened, the defendants
agreed to a verdict for 721.

COURT OF BANKRUPTCY.
(Before Mr. Commissioner Fane )
IN RE PINNOCK.-FAILURE OF A CORN MERCEIANT.

This bankrupt had carried on business at St. James's•
terrace, Harrow-road, Paddington, as a corn merchant,
and this was a meeting for proof of debts and choice of
assignees. _

From the preliminary statement, prepared by Mr.
Butler, Basinghall-street, it appears that the debts are
about 5,0001.; assets, 7001.

The choice took place.
IN RE FEILDING.
This case was reported in The Sun on Tuesday last:
The bankrupt was a jeweller at Greenwich, who had
absconded, but being apprehended by Mr. Hamber, the
messenger of the Court, was committed for not giving
satisffictory answers, and having been released,
The bankrupt persisted in his try inconsistent story,
and his honour did not think that imprisonment would
be of any benefit, but that the consideration of his con-
duct should be reserved for the time when he applied for
his certificate.

The meeting for the choice of assignees has been ap•
pointed for Mon lay next.

SPORTING NOTES.

LIKINGS FOR LIVERPOOL.

Scarcely an incident has occurred since my last com-
munication to excite either curiosity or attention, The
sport at Worcester was marked by no prospective im-
portance, and the doings at Newmarket were flat,
stale, and unprofitable. Bonnie Morn's success
for the July Stakes was a fire.rone conclusion, and
the victory of the Boarding School 6 Miss filly for
the Chesterfield Stakes was set down by many per-
sons as a certainty. The " good things,' too,
at Worcester were plentiful enough ; in almost every
instance the favourites were winners, and they were the
only animals really backed. Thus, Knight of St.
George and Little Fawn were supported at 3 to 1 each
for the Worcestershire Stakes, whilst 10 to 1 was vainly
offered bar two. Knight of St. Geerge won, despite
his extra weight, and his recent performances shoe
that the good opinion which I expressed about
h'm in connection with the Derby was well-
tounled. Nelly Hill was backed at evens against
the field for the Flying Handicap, arid won in a can.
ter A quicker starter I never saw, not Vaultress even
excepted. The Saxon, and his confederate carried-every-
thing before them at Lancaster, winning the Trial Plate,
and. her Majesty's Plate, with Domino, and the Lan-
caster Cup, and Revival Handicap, with Cleveland.
These successes were deserved, and will compensate the
owners of the horses for their recent sore disappoint-
ments.

The Liverpool Cup is now talked about with increag.
ing interest. The withdrawal of Heapy has scarcely'
created a sensation, for the movements in the Turf
M irket within the last five or six days had pre-
pared people for the announcement. Heapy is liked
to become a great favourite for the Goodwood Stakes.
" Once bitten twice shy," however, and I shall have
none of him. By the way, this vulgar axiom reminde
me of the support which is again being bestowed on
Nancy, who has been introduced into the Goodwood.
Stakes betting at 20 to 1, and still commands the parti;
zans who stood by her so firmly in her " palmy days.,
The public, however, will hardly be induced to regard
her again with favour, and, indeed, the question has bees
asked, whether her backers are knaves or fools ? But to
return to the Liverpool Cup. Hungerford is still the leading
favourite—a position to which he is unquestionably en"
titled, not alone on account of his lenient impost, but
because he is an animal of sound racing pretensions.
Tne backers of Dr. O'Toole appear to be bothered, and
are not a little discouraged by his retrogression In
the list of quotations. The Man in the Street
whispers mysteriously something about Ireland's
Eye and Marc Antony, but I doubt his knowledge
of the "office." A silence is maintained about
the Indian Warrior. Whether to construe tt
favourably or unfavourably I am at a loss to deter-
mine. I shall watch the market closely, and should I
discover signs of the Warrior's " coming," I shall not,
despite the ill-luck of his party, think slightingly of big
chance. These running remarks are merely a sort 01
preliminary canter before I start a full discussion of the
chances on Monday.
A July Supplement to "Ruff's Guide to the Turf in;
just been published. It contains much useful and varied
information, and its value as a pocket-book of reference
will be widely appreciated. It has been carefully cote'
by Mr. W. Langley, the editor of the sporting,
department of Bell's Life, and the general accuracy °`
the contents attest the labour which has been bestowed
upon it.
July 8.

A FRESH MAN.

UNIVERSITY OF LONDON.

The following candidates have lately passed the M.A
and LL.B. examinations respectively :
RIAMINATION. —1854.
Branch I.—Classics.

University.
Hall, Theophilus Dwight (Gold Medal) London.
Martineau, Russell London.
Jefferson, Henry London.
Paton, John Brown London.
Branch ll.—Mathematics and Natural Philosophy.
Savage, James (Gold Medal)
Branch lll.—Logic, Moral Philosophy, Philosophy t)''
the Mind, Political Philosophy, Political Economy.
Paton, John Brown (Gold Medal)
Waite, Rev. Edward
Miller, Josiah
LL.B. EXAMINATION.-1854,
Pass Examination.
First Division.

Universities.
Godden, William
Stephen, Fitz James Cambridge.
Second Division.
Boulnois, Charles London.
Duff, Mountstuart Elphinstone Grant Oxford.
Leonard, Frederick London.
Olver, Richard Watson
Examination for Honours
The Principles of Legislation.
Stephen, FitzJames...(Scholarship)
Duff, Mountstuart Elphinstone Grant Oxford.
Boulnois, Charles London.
Conveyancing.
Boulnois, Charles...
Equal.
Stephen, Fitz James

Roman Law.

Boulnois, Charles

London.

ANGLO-CALIFORNIAN MINING COMPANT.--A meeting
of the shareholders of this company took place yesterdsl
to receive explanations from Sir H. V. Huntley relatii
to the prospects of that undertaking. The peincilA;
operations have, it appears, been at a place cane'
Brown's Valley. Nearly 100 tons of ore are alleged to
have been crushed by a Cochrane machine with success,
the produce of gold showing a considerable profit. IV
absence of water, it was added, has prevented further
activity, but expectations are held out that in the
autumn, with the existing power, 50 tons per diem ici/,
be crushed. The lodes vary from 18 to 20 inches, and
1
:
show a tendency to increase in depth. At Dicksburg'
the property has been examined, but it has been c°l3:
sidered prudent, until satisfactory returns are. secured'
to limit the workings to Brown's Valley. To supPli
the funds necessary to proceed, 7,000 or 8,000 of the
new shares, at 10s., will have to be reallotted, and sub'
seriptions have been opened for the amount. Strict
economy is promised, and the establishment in Cali'
fornia has already been reduced.
A SERIOUS FAILURE IN TRIESTE.—A very seriotte
failure has been telegraphed from Trieste, the house
being that of Mr. Spiridone Gopeevitch, by whom f°t
.
many years speculations in grain to an enormous exten
have been carried on. It appears that he has pnrehasel
great quantities of corn in the Black Sea and the Sea Oci
Azoff, and that the Russian Government have prohibite
its exportation. In the emergency thus created b.
lately proceeded to St. Petersburg to solicit from tbef
Emperor some relaxation, obtaining an advance
100,0001. from capitalists at Vienna and Trieste to aver
a stoppage meanwhile. His journey, however, has been
fruitless, and the suspension of the house is therefore
announced. The lowest amount at which his liabilities
are estimated seems to be 250,0001., and they are prc:
bably much larger, as it is said that the wheat purchasedf
by him in the Sea of Azoff alone was to the value °f
150,0001., and that fn the Black Sea the total was still
more considerable.
ST. PETERSBURG,---The letters from St. Petersburg
assert that considerable transaction were taking place in
the new loan at 93 and 94. From Odessa surprise C 013,1
tinues to be expressed at the absence of a blockade, arj
active purchases of produce were being made for 011;
meet to this country. Under these circumstances, t
rate of freight was 130 s. per ton. At Taganrog ova
other ports in the Sea of Azoff a large business in Hasse
and other articles was in progress, and 101. per i°s
freight had been paid, and was still offered.

,~

M 0 N-E MARKET

COMMESCI.A

T EI,L II;

CITY, TWO o'CLOCK
The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday
were estimated at 6,000 bales, including 1,000
taken for export and ou speculation. The mar-
ket was dull. Railway Shares were flat at lower
prices.

Describing the condition of the dried fruit trade
in London, Messrs. Witherby and Hanson remark
that the accounts respecting the next currant crop
differ only in degree from those previously received;
they are most unfavourable, and it would seem
that the effects of three years' consecutive blight
will, a few months hence, begin for the first time
to be seriously felt in this country in an actual
scarcity. In the value of raisins generally there
has been no marked alteration since our report of
the '7th ult. The accounts front places of growth
are unfavourable, and induce holders to refrain
from pressing any description upon the market.
We shall probably receive before the close of the
month more definite and reliable reports. The un-
usually small crops of our own fruits is likely to
improve the aspect for this article generally. In
the summer months of 1853 very extensive opera-
tions, it will be remembered, took place in dried
fruits, but being exclusively on speculation, they
rather checked consumption. The present market
operations, though comparatively trifling, are all
for immediate consumption, helping to diminish
stocks and to restore the market to a more healthy
condition.
There was no important alteration in the rates at
which bills of Exchange generally were yesterday
afternoon negotiated here, but Amsterdam was
scarcely supported, being 11 17 to 171, and Trieste
advanced to 12 55 and 13, both for 90 days' paper.
Paris was done at 25 25 to 27k, and Hamburg at
13 5i to 13 6.
Gold has been slightly in demand for exportation.
The bar silver by the last West India steamer has
been sold at ss. 11d.
The position of the Bank of England, as respects
its assets, was improving still up to the Ist inst.
The bullion again increased, and although there
was a large addition to the securities, the great
augmentation in the deposits furnished the means.
Compared with the previous week, the changes
were as follows :

Active. circulation
Increase
Bullion
Increase
Rest

Increase
Public Deposits

£20,098, 780
684,545
14,215,598
345,623
3,229,791
27,268
5,315,198

Increase
Other Deposits
Increase
Seven-Day and other Bills
Increase
Government Securities
Increase
Other Securities
Increase
Notes unemployed
Decrease

462,393
11,119,344
1,004 961
982,681
14,395
10,332,795
481,545
16,750,401
1,166,394
7,385,205
133,195

The amount of gold exported from London direct
during the week to last Thursday was 2,52 i)
ounces,. and of silver 96,842 ounces. _ _

The payment of the diVidends upon Consols,
commenced this morning at the Bank of England.
The funds have been rather heavy again, and
with a paucity of dealings. Consols are quoted
92i to for transfer, and 94- to 93 for account.
The New 3i per Cents. have been 93g to 93k, and
the 3 per Cents. 921 to 93. Exchequer Bills have
been at is. discount to 2s. premium. The intelli-
gence from the seat of war is considered favourable
upon the whole.

• Foreign Stocks have been heavy for the most
part, and without a great deal doing. Spanish 3
per Cents. have been done at 374 ex dividend.
Mexican Bonds heavy at 24i, and BuenosAyres have
been quoted 56i. Brazilian Old Bonds have been
at par, and Venezeula at 26. Russian 5 per Cents.
have been marked 981 to 99, and the small Bonds
83, being lower. The prohibition of the Russian
Loan at Hamburgh will impose another difficulty
in the way of the Emperor Nicholas. Dutch 4 per
Cents. have been 904.
The following are the nominal prices of Foreign
Stocks :—Grenada Deferred Bonds 64 to Mexi-
can 24i to 244, Peruvian 67 to 69, ditto 3 per Cents.

51 to 53, Poriug,uese 4 per Cents. 39 to 41, Russian
5 per Cents. 98 to 100 ditto 4i per Cents. 82 to 84,

Spanish New Deferred 18i to 19k, ditto 3 per
Cents. 37 to 38, ditto Certificates ito 44, ditto
Passive 34 to 44.

Railway, Shares have been exceedingly dull, and
the transactions have been at heavy prices, though
scarcely at any general reduction. The foreign
lines are merely nominal.

In Mines and Banks there is nothing doing.
Crystal Palace are again at a discount.

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY.—CLOSING PRICES
(Pram the (*cud List.

nitginess done
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 92f 3
3 per Cent. Consols Annuities 921 8

34 per Cent. Annuities 931
Consols for Opening 19th July
Exchequer Bills, 24d.
£1000
2500 1 d 2 3 p
Small

PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY.
Prazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent. lOO
Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6_per Cent s6i
Mexican 3 per Cent.
Russian Bonds, 1822, 5 per Cent. St 99 81
Ditto 44 per Cent B3 2,1
Spanish ',oriels, 3 per Cent 3T4
Venezuela Bonds, 31 per Cent.
Dividends on the above payable in Loudon.
Dutch Exchange, 2i per Cent. 12 Guil — x
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates .. 1
TWO O'CLOCK.
Consols for Oponin; 15th July 93 x. d