The Sun.
London, England, 1854-04-25 00:00:00

0

COLOGNE CHORAL UNION.-HANOVER
SQUARE ROO N 1 r. It ITCH ELL r:spect fu tr a•mounces
that tlr• aixwet distinguished Society will give a ,econd rtes of
G CONC it.R.P, at the c anover ~nuare Rooms, whidi are
fixoci to Like place on the totiowing .ays Monda,, Slay S. IVed-
-7lestia3'. May lo; Friday, May 12 ; Minute,. May 15; Wednesday,
t'laY ; and Friday, May 19. Director, Herr FRANZ Ni‘ BF.R.
The Rene, toire of the So aety now co:nprise, more than e Hun-
dred and Tw. my Morctaux, many of them entirely new., The con-
certs will be arranged as alt year —commencing at Half-past Three,
and terminating about dye o'clock.
Tickets or Admis-ion Reserved Beats for the Six Concerts, Two
Guineas ; Siturle 'rickets, 10: 61.; Admission to the Body of
the boom, hs '; which may 1)3 had at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library,
34, Old Band-afreA.

, ;

No. 19,214.]

.
T. JAMES'S THEATRE.—On TUESDAY . NQW ready, at all the Lihratrie, in 3 vols,,
1,-7 . EVENING n. xt. ;slay 2, *event Private G, ntlen» intonl pnEMIE 111 ILL A R.
gi"4•l3 an .k%l.kTEllt PERFO, Nt .k SC - at this Theatre, unl r dis-
tingui,n cl
P. patronage. The iinueße 's will be itevote.l t. the ,ands of A t4CO fTISII ST, UV.
the Cen.rai Assr:ciation in kid of the . ul,iier,,' 1,4' ves an , Fano! es By the Author of " flue l(ittnea-s,"
From the .ktherutain. "We f--el obl,e to the author for giving
entered !ku ,he F.-Ft The eture.t•domeo,s wit eir,sist of 'ilIK
LADIES' is iTLE WIIKM". TI/Eittni A W1i.1., THE -1.-.' A. as sur;', a fre.k. p et.ant s-n-y as ' rhemie %Idler.' Out of the
AY, aod THE I tit c•o.t. II !taring the eve..ing, an vidress, homeliest c-f details a certain le Inatiod Is evoked winch insurts the
written expressly fur the 0C.119i011, will be spoken, The orelie,tra reader's interest to the end. I; is on pout r inn of a cotch faintly
/01,1 e comp', t,...,an.1 entirely coon? Fed of it,•tttlemeu amateurs, who lii a sin ill fi,h ii town hi Fifedvre ; the g al humour and
haVe klaly may d their services. Private
L. and ,1,11. pertect oisUlit int, the inner lute and ch ra, ter of the d 13: rent in-
and tickes. may be obttin ,c 1 at Mr. Mitcheli's Royal Llbrary, 33, dividna;s ut the .stor3 excite in the rrad ,r a perso ial inierest and
Old Bond-street. sYlittattti. Phenve Mdier sas eliarnun4 a heroine a- we have met
--___ ! with or many a its) ." Ath.-I,icuin.
__ ___ ; tilt's? and Ititekett, Pa I,2hers, suceeslors to Bury Colburn, 13,
Great Marlborough-street.

R. ALBERT SMITH'S. MONT BLAN C,
including the BERNESE;0111:111.4.N1) and the SIMPLON,
THI 4 EVENING, kind Every Evilinig at Eight o'Clock. (except
Saturday) ; and Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday Mornings, at Two.
St 3113, 3s. (which can be taken at the box. offlc. eve:y day from 11
till 4 ; area, zs.; gallery, is.—Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly.

O T I CE. CONSTANTINOPLE. The
Lecture ace,mpanying the OR S.ND NV" VINO DIORAN(A
MOONAT N TIN,/ LE I+ now delivere ion Wednesdays and Satur
.ys by M .1. 11. il', )QUELER, when th • progress and localities
of he War will be more partieulaly explained ; and on the other
days, as noe.l, by Mr. Cti> t .ES KEN-NEY. A. very clear and
excellent ‘tap has been add••d to the illustrations.—Dally at Halt-
past Two and tight.— Ithnlssion, Is.
EGYPIIAIi HALL, PICCADILLY.

QOCIETY OF PAINTERS IN WATER
COLOURS.—The FIFTIO,II NUM, EXtIIBI rp)N
is
Open at their Gallery, .5, Pal!-mall East Adratttance la.
Catalogue,6th

To 2 vols. post Bvo., with a large coloured vap, price 245.,
TRAVELS IN SIBERIA.
ity S L, Esq.
" Every work relating to the Russian empire at present attracts
pubic attent,on.... .. iu tin &utiles will be found much im-
porLant, information on regions little known in Euro e • convo ed in
a style Mitt ictive and intere,tinz. They rec4rd the oh,rvations
an. impri•sslons of an illtelti4.llt -and enterprising traveller , s to the
reso,,rc,s and institutions and people of Asiatic '—Literary
Gazette, April 22
London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmana •

JO4EPH .T. JENKINi4, Secret.ry

THE BEST FIT WEARS BEST.
"Costly by habit as thy purse can buv ;
But not expressed in tancy ; r ch, not gaudy;
For the apparel oft proclaims the man "—Snagsrgazz.
II - ME :NT and CO., Practical Tailors, 73. COrnhill.

LAURENT'S CASI NO, AR3TLE ROOMS,
(Lessee, CHAS. C. LAURENT, Onsiow-hous,, Fu.aam•road),
—The above Rooms are now OPEN FOit Tli E SEASON.
and will continue open every eveninc, with L NITRE
CF.LF:IIItAT El) RA S'i). Two Qu,drilles oil subject:4 of qeyerbeer
°Pera—Ll toile du Nord; a'so, by H. La tr •nt, the followinc Waltzes
La belle Fraticaise, Leonora, Villains and his Dinah, and L'Etoile
du Nord Polka. Admission. is. Doors open at half-past 6. Dancing
to commence at 9 o'clock, and ter ,iinate at half-past 11.

HEINIMENT and CO., Tailors, 73, Cornhill,
.study the pculiariti's of every figure, and, by satisfying Ls
r,quirements, Invariably produce a garment, whether a Lady's hid-
imr Habit, Niantie, Cloak, &c.. or a. Gentleman's Coat. Trouse7r,
Waiato at, &c.. Ilia. is suedal y suited for the pAroose it is intended
to serve, economy and quality being duly regarded —Liveries.

In 10 rocket volum,%s fcn. Bvo., price "s M. e,ch,
ROBERT SOUTHEYS POETICAL WORKS.
A New and Ci rape!' Issue of 'he first eidleeted Editi n, which
was horoushly revised by the auntor : with Portrait and 19 Plates.
The Works mar be hal separately as Wows :
JOAN of ARC, 3s 'id. BALLADS and METRICAL
JUV E Nit. E and MINOR TALE , 2 vo,s., -s.
POE sl, 2 vo's.. 7s. CLTItsI.: of ',,EfIANIA, 3s 6d
THA ',ABA. 3s. Gil. POET'S PILGRI M AGE to
MA DOC, 3s Gil. WATERLOO, and MISCEL-
,
RODERICK, 3s. Gd. L.ANIES, 3s, 6.1.
$.4 Also, an Edition complete In One Volume Bvo., with Portrait
and Vignette, price One Guinea.
London: Longman, Brow

ATTRACTIVE NOVELTIES.
ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
PATROS—H.II.II. PRINCE ALBERT.
The SEAT of WAR, showbiz the principal places on the DANUBE,
lIALAVAT,WIDDI , WRGEVO, SEB kSTOPOL, the entrance
to the BLACK SEA. BA I* fLE of SI NOvE, and DE-Titucrios
01 the TURKISH FLEET, and other scenes (kindly supplied by
the proprietors of the " Illustrated London News"), EXIIIHITED
In a NEW S!,IIIES of DISsOLVING VIEWS.
LECTURES by J. 11. PEPPER, Esq , on the CHEMISTRY of PAPER
MAKING, and i s &coration with Colours, and on VOL f Ale
F.I.N.CTRICI IV, and the ELECTRIC LIGHT. by Da. BACIMOFF.
NEII. Explanations of MODELS, MACHINERY, &c.. &c.
Open Mornings and Evenings. Admission, Is.; Schools and
ChUdr,tn under Ten years of age, Half-price.

TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS.-A RETIRED
i'LEitilY MAN having been restored to health M a tew days,
after many years of great nervous suffering. is anxioug to make
known to others the means of cure He will, therefore, send free, on
receiving a stamped envelope, properly addressed, a copy of the pre-
scription used.
Direct the Rev. E. Douglass, 18, Holland-street, Brixton, London.

'n, Green, and Longman.

EXTR tORDINARY MECHANICAL MODELS.
MR. BECK, Dentist, begs to call attention to
him Anatomical Vfo.leis for developing the structure of Arti-
ficial Tenth, (true to nature and in full action for mastication and
articulation), fixed from one tooth to a complete set, as exhibited at.
the Paris Exposition.
• Single Tooth, 10s. • Sot, 101. and 201.
toll 47, 'Great Ituss.:ll-streot, 0004 the British Ainseltak.T"id°4

THE AUTHOR OF "THE MARVELS OF SCIENCE."
Now ready, at all the Librarie•,, in 3 vols., with Illustrations by
LEtCH,
THE GREAT.
,
A Story of the Woradlre ,e Oita lea. • • •
- • nfii.-ii:-.1-1-Ivtoar;
Author of the " MarVels of Science."
"This story throws a light not unfairly, en the social systems of
the day. The description of the literary world is strongly Painted,
but not overstrained and there is on honest effort to place in their
true light 50111.,3 of the most prominent features of modern socitty."
—Globe
" As an ably-executed fiction, we have not read any superior to
this."—Observer.
" This is a story of that ' Great Highway,' the world, detailed with
an air of actuality which makes the reader hear, see, and think. We
have life at May-fair and saffron-hill put in opposition. As an ex-
posure of the knavery met with by the literary man, we know nothing
like what is detailed in this work. There must be authority fur this
indignant outcry. It 's a new triumph to, its author, and one of the
most really enchanting stories of day."—Dispatch.
London: Lo,igman and Co.

REAP WESTERN RAILWAY,

MraTtigribs,xs_ netwitt ow= that .Entize.u.t3-, the
' - benfc'appciinted to be kept, as a Faet-Ilny, the Trains on
the Great Western, South Wa es, Bristol and ExeterAsnd.,south
'bevon Railways will on that day run as on Sundays, With the ndli-
tionof the Day Mail Trains between Paddington, Bristol, and Chel-
tenham, which will run as on week days
- Return Tickets issued on Tuesday, the 25th inst., may be used for
the return journey on the 27th instant.

_

LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN
RAILWAY.—In consequence of the Proclamation of a I) AY
3r 11 UMILI ATInN and PRAYER, on tVEDNE•?I)AY, the 26th
lay of • pril instant, the public is, requested to tike notice, that the.
Trains on the London awl ,nati, Western Railway will be Run as
On Sunday-, on WEDNESDAY, the 2 th of April, with the exeention
of the 9.15 a m Down Day tail Trmin. iiay Tickets is-ued on
Tur day, the 25111 Instant, will be avail We for the return journey on
Tllu,sday, the 27th instant

By order of the Direct rs,
M ARK TRIBE
General Manager's Office, Euston Station, April 17, 15.54.

SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY.
On WEDNERDAY, the 26th inst., the DAY of lIC vf ILIA-
TiOm
. the Trains on thus line wi'l RUN; A-; OS sUND w t
addition of the 7 o'cl.ick a.m. down train to Southampton, and
the, 7 10 p.m train fi om Southainpton.
Retutn Tickets issued on the 25th in,t will be available till the
47th moat. By order,
ARCIIn. SCOTT, Traffic Manager.
Waterloo Stall. it, 224 .At,ril, • A.

A.D. 1720.
ROYAL EXCHANGE ASSURANCE
(Established by Charter of his Majesty George the First),
For SEA, FIRE, LIFE, and ANNITITT Es
OFFL'ES—ROYAL F:XCHANGE, LONDON.
BRANCH OFFICE-29, PALL-MALL.
• °craving Wigrain. Esq.. Governor.
The Hon..7_ T. Leslie Melville, vernor.
George Pearkes Barclay, Esq., Deputy-Governor.
DIRECTORS.
Charles John Manning, Esq.
Henry Nelson, Esq.

Edmßenry Bainbridge, Esq.
Edmond S. P. Calvert, Esq

, .
a°l,ll Garrett eattley, Esq. Edward Howley Palmer, Esq.
die.. ander Colvin, Esq. Sir John Henry Petty, Bart.
Edward Maxwell Daniell, Esq. A'iraham George Roberts, Esq.
s .Ir.illiam Davidson, Esq. Charles Robinson, Esq.
Vversdale Win. Grenfell, Esq. Thomas Smith, Esq.
tcohert Banbury, j in.. Esq. William Soltau, ESil.
toihert Amadeus Heath, Esq. Joseph Soines, Esq.
zt lllam Tetlow Hibbert, Esq. Thomas Tooke, Esq.
Lancelot Holland, Esq. Villain WaPacc, Esq.
bar John Win. Lubbock, Bart. Charles Baring Young, Esq.
MEDICAL REFEREE --54muel Solly. Esq., F.R.S.
2Cotlee.—The usual fifteen days allowed for payment of Fire Pre-
killms tailing due at Lady-esty will expire on the 9th of April.
Life Assurance may be effected to the extent of Ten Thousand
Founds on one Life ; with, or, at lower Premiums, without partici-
pation in profits.
The Reversionary BONUS on Participating Life Policies has
averaged 2 per Cent. per annum on the suns assured, or 46 per cent.
on the Premiums paid.
The orpo-atien hear the cost of Policy Stamps awl Medical Fees.
The Assured are subject to no ch..rge but the Premium.
-Xo extra Premium is required for service in the militia.
The Corp oration affords to the As•ure 1 all the inlvantares
of
modern practice, with the stability of an office safely constituted
finder Royal Charier and Special Acts of Parlisment, and tested by
~,
"Perience of nearly a century and a half. There is but one
It lite office ill existence.
the Z,s'nis
ias
in the Office in any department are exempt from
ot partner,hio.

FARMING STOCK.
sin 1e Corporation having 6etermined ,n a reduction of " One
CL'Shil-
N Per Cent." in the rate or Premium for the Insurance of Farm-
`cock and Utensils in England and Wales, the gornpany's agents
"'lye been fully instructed upon the subject. and are authorised to
aceePt Insurances on that cla, of propel tv accordingly.

ROYAL EXCIIAN GE, LONDON.

JOHN A. IHOILINI, Actuary and Secretary.

INDISPUTABLE LIFE POLICY
COMPANY'.
No. 72, Lombard-street, London.
TRUSTEM
Richard Malins, Esq., Q.C. IL P. .iohn Campbell Renton, Egg.
James Fuller Iladox, Q. I Richard Spooner, Esq., M.P.
William Wilberforce, Esq.
William Adams, Esq. DIRECTOII9.
Robert IL Forman, Esq.
John Atkins, Esq. John Hamilton, Esq.
11. A. Bevan, Esq. J. Mathews, Fsq.
John Dangerfleld, Esq. Chas. 0. Parnell, Esq.
IV. Williams, Esq.

AUDITORS.
Penn, Adron, Esq. I Ralph W. Bishop. Esq.
Charles APCullm h, Fsq. I Henry Burnett. Esq.
SolaciToas —Messrs. Atkins and Andrew.
SECRETART.—David Alison, Esq.
,„,l'addington Local Hoard, 24. Connat-te;gace„ Edgware-read.
'ne Rev. James Shergold Boone, .T• ugh
Harlington Lowther, Esq
bodes Pemberton, Esq.
Seger
Creed. George Y. Rob on, Esq.
*coger Gadsden, Esq. W. H. Itioder. Esq.
-

- ,
SEcRETART.—CharIes Ffoghton, Esq.
b Cede
dTh Policies of this Conmany being indisputable (in terms of th.:
Constitution duly registered) are TRANSFER ABLE SE-
ditLit!TlP,s, their validity nut Wing dependent. as in the case of or-
e 71Y P.,1 cies, upon the import of past, and perhaps forgotten Or•
sii,',Aances, end office documents, Usel as FAAILY PROVE-
,th'N.B, they relieve the assured from all doubt and anxiety as to
6 future.
This is a purely MUTUAL SiCIETY, the profits being divided
amongst the Assured them.elves. The following shows the I.srg!
7,7 ,teadily progressive busine,s the Company is now doing, and
'43 done during the last five yea-s.
• Sums Assured. New Premiums.
1819........ .1104.0147 ........ £4,361
1850........ 110,215 ..•....„ 3,974
1851. •• .• 127.488 .• 4,438
185/ •• ...... 114,145 .••..... 4.296
1853 ••••• .. 123,093 4,52
It. k.ITAVAY LIFE ASSURANCE, BY ONE PAYMENT.
~,,
4,mnany grants policies to Members of their own Company;
Feattr+tig aLlaitist death by rat:ways on payment of only one sum of
,_suhill:ngs per cent. Thus. for aged 30, %ho an ordinary
"4, ranee with the Company 100/ , for which he pays 21. 45. Ild.
bietiallY, may have a rall.ay policy for 1,0001. for one single Pay-
of 40,, payable in the event of his death by railway accident,
in addition to the 1001. secured by the ordinary policy.

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LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 25, 1854.

SPIRIT OP THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

any kind to be established, a common action exer-
cised by the Four Powers is, for all the other states,
a pledge of security and impartiality." It is at
present impossible to say with what enemies the
Czar may have to contend in the field, should the
present struggle be protracted ; but, in the contest
of diplomacy, the Cabinet of St. Petersburg must
remain as it is, isolated and unsupported. As re-
gards
the merits of the quarrel, the Courts of
Vienna and Berlin are as directly and as com-
pletely opposed to Russia as those of Paris and
London. The Four Powers have never ceased to
protest against her aggressive policy, as alike un-
just in itself and dangerous to the liberties of Eu-
rope ; and oven if some of the Governments repre-
sented at the Vienna Conference should be unpre-
pared, when the time for action has arrived, to
participate in the ulterior measures to which they
have virtually pledged themselves, still, litera
scripta manet, and the unanimous opinion of the
States principally interested in maintaining the
balance of power remains irrevocably on record.
The a!lusion made by the Russian declaration to
the " maintenance of equilibrium" is too suggestive
to be dismissed without further comment. It may
be that, so far as the people of England are con-
cerned, the balance of power is, under ordinary
circumstances, one of those abstractions which we
willingly leave to be dealt with and diplomatised
upon by statesmen at their pleasure. But when
religion is made the cloak for ambitious designs
of aggrandisement, the national mind revolts
at the profanation ; and when a flagrant
outrage is committed upon an unoffending State,
because it is supposed to be incapable of effec-
tual resistance, English sympathies go with the
weaker side. When, moreover,_ wo,fiee au Ep4.-_.
Tire "whicii has, "fiithin a very reaent period;
steadily advanced its frontiers—a hundred miles
in one direction, five hundred in another, and a
thousand in a third—aiming at the subjugation of
an extensive and fertile territory which commands
the sole practicable approach to vast portions of
Europe and Asia, we cannot avoid giving a new
signification to the " balance of power ;" and a
phrase which we had long regarded as a vague
abstraction becomes a serious reality.
The audacity of the Russian pretence that the
Ottoman Government was the first to declare war
has no parallel except in the celebrated conference
between the wolf and the lamb, in which the for-
mer so pathetically remonstrated against the aggres-
sive pertinacity of its victim. " The parts cannot,"
as the Frenrdi manifesto observes, "be more
strangely inverted. The invasion of the two Pro-
vinces was, in the eyes of the whole world, an act
of war ;" and nothing which has since happened
has deprived the Porte of the right which it origi-
nally possessed to regard it in that point of view.
The only ground on which the prolonged forbear-
ance of Turkey and her Allies can be justified is
stated by the French Minister in terms which con-
vey the severest reproach to the aggressor. "It
was still hoped that there would be, on the part of
that Power, a return to moderation and equity ;"
and if this hope has turned out to have been un-
founded, Russia, at all events, cannot be permitted
to take advantage of her own wrong by casting on
the Sultan the responsibility of initiating the war.
Equally futile, as M. Drouyn de Lhuys clearly
shows, is the pretext that Turkey has purchased
the support of the Western Powers by concessions
as degrading as those which Russia sought to exact.
The condition that a belligerent Power shall not
make peace without the concurrence of its allies is
dictated, not only by common sense, but by pre-
cedent ; and a similar stipulation is inserted in the
treaty which has just been concluded between
Great Britain and France.

THE WAR IN THE EAST.
( From the Times.)
The Eastern question is every day drifting fur-
ther away from the calm regions of argument and
expostulation. Like men engaged in earnest con-
versation, who take no note of what is passing
around them, and start to find the clear sky over-
spread with clouds, or the night crept in upon
them unawares, we have continued to talk and
write till we find ourselves arrived at a period
when talking and writing are no longer necessary.
A few days more, and action will have succeeded ,
expectation, and we shall know something of the
issue of a cause which both sides, if they are to be
believed, intrust with equal confidence to the
arbitrament of the God of battles.
It is for this reason that we have perused the
last declaration of the E:nperor of Russia, and the
spirited and dignified reply in the Moniteur, with
less interest than the literary merit of the docu-
ments and the weight of the questions of which
they treat might seem to justify. Not merely is
the question of the rights and wrongs of the Wes-
tern Powers and Russia so completely exhauited
that no human ingenuity can add to it another
argument or place it in a new point of view, but the '
cause itself is removed to another and higher tribu-
nal, where such controversies are unmeaning and
superfluous. We have no longer to see who is
right, but whether we •can enforce our claims upon
the attention of Russia by something stronger than
those appeals to truth and justice which have been
proffered to her in. vain. We are not among those
who believe that in this world might always follows
right—the history-(4 Russia herself is. a.memorable
,inetance:.tif, the contrary ; 'but *6 are convinced '
that the arms of this country are able to vindicate
the principles her diplomacy has laid down, and
that in appealing to the last resource of nations,
though we are shifting the field of • conflict, we
shall retain the same overpowering superiority as
before.
For the last time, then, as we hope, we approach
the consideration of the grounds which have led to
the war just commencing. When next we have to
deal with the respective rights of the belligerents,
we trust it will be to aid in the establishment of an
honourable and durable peace. Russia demands by
what right England and France pretend to exact
from her the evacuation of the Principalities, and
no one can deny the truth of the French Govern-
ment's answer, that we do this under the faith of
treaties, and with the approbation of the Powers of
Europe in Congress assembled. Russia asserts that
she could not evacuate the Principalities until the
conditions she annexed to the evacuation had been
complied with. France replies that those conditions
were unjust, and condemned by the judgment of
Europe ; to which we may add that a wrong is not
made a right by annexing to it conditions on the
performance of which only the wrong is to cease.
Russia asserts that Turkey was the first to declare
war ; but the answer is plain, that if Turkey was
the first to declare war, Russia was the first to make
war, and that Russia is not in a better position
because she invaded the territories of her ally in
time of peace than she would have been in had
she prefaced that act of war with the usual decla-
ration of hostilities. Russia complains that the in-
vasion, of the Principalities did not arrest the course
of negotiation, and need not have prevented its con-
tinuance. It is not, we apprehend, for her to
complain that we have been slow to repel force
1 by force, and have exhausted every means of ob-
taining a pacific settlement before we have recourse
to arms. Had we been more prompt, would Russia
have less to complain of ? To the assertion that we
have changed the basis of negotiation the French
Government answers, with force and truth, that
it was when Russia, by an authentic declaration,
declared that she understood the Note agreed to
by the Congress of Vienna in a sense entirely dif-
ferent from that which she well kuew it was in-
tended to bear, that she herself changed the basis
of negutiation by a miserable quibble, substituted
for it another basis of her own, and thus forced us
to seek for other grounds of agreement, if we did
not wish to be tricked with words. Russia com-
plains of the peremptory summons addressed to
tier fleet after the catastrophe of Sinope ; but here
again she had been beforehand with us, and our
words were only the sequence of her deeds. Con-
trary to her assurances that the war would be de-
fensive, her fleet crossed over to the Turkish ter-
ritory and destroyed the Turkish navy by an over-
powering force. Few people, we apprehend, now
consider that we erred on the side of rashness and
violence in confining ourselves to a verbal sum-
mons,.. instead of using the means at our disposal
immediately_ to _.ctiuittfise the=aggreision. Russia
accuses us of (*kg crating the object of the
war. If the object of the war be so slight as
is contended, how awful must be the responsibility
before God and man of a Power, which, for slight
causes, committed such an outrage on the public
peace as the invasion of the Principalities, and.
such a violation of good faith and humanity as the
slaughter of Sinop() ! Russia complains that the
Porte is not to make peace without the consent of
her allies. Would it be reasonable that we should
employ our fleets and armies at such a distance in
the defence of a Power at liberty to make terms
for herself with the common enemy, the more ad-
vantageous in proportion to the greatness of our
efforts in her aid ? We have forced the Porte,
says Russia, to concede equality to its Christian
subjects. The precise contrary is the fact. Russia
strove to force the Porte to concede certain privi-
leges to her Christian subjects, and failed. Where
she failed we have succeeded, precisely because we
did not rely on force, but on persuasion—not on
the Sultan's fears, but on his interest. Europe
must judge, says the Russian manifesto, whether
its equilibrium be more endangered by the prepon-
derance of Russia or by the dictation exerted by
united France and England. The French Govern-
ment answers, with truth, that Europe has judged
already, and that her judgment is in our favour.
We have tried our cause before a tribunal preju-
diced against us, and won it triumphantly. Aus-
tria and Prussia look coldly upon France and Eng-
land as the source of revolutionary ideas, and of
a spirit of dangerous innovation. A Russian
Princess shares the throne of the one, and a Rus-
sian army only five years ago re-established the
tottering fortunes of the other. Yet these Powers
have solemnly and emphatically declared that we
were right—right in demanding the evacuation of
the Principalities, right in rejecting the Vienna
_ Note, and right in deplaring war. The Emperor
_ of Russia must not hope to gain from authority
that support which he cannot derive from reason ;
he stands without a friend, without an ally, be-
cause there is no Power in Europe at once base and
bold enough to avow his principles or justify his
actions.
Therefore, in full confidence that our cause will
be approved by the verdict of posterity as well as
the voice of our contemporaries, with all the calm-
ness of strength reposing on justice, we advance
to this contest, and trust before long to make our
antagonist as weary of war as he has shown him-
self impatient and intolerant of peace.

In no respect has the independence of the Porte
been compromised in its recent arrangement with
the Western Governments ; and the assertion that
"it will be forced to subscribe to an engagement
which would extend to all its subjects equality of
civil and political rights," is simply an untruth.
England and France have never for a moment
thought of requiring from Turkey any such engage-
ment, either in the form of a treaty or of a note.
They have made, from time to time, such repro
sentations with reference to the Sultan's Christian
subjects as have appeared expedient ; and it may
be added that, in some important points, their sug-
gestions have been received with wise and ready
aciiiiescence. It is, indeed, the misfortune of all
Governments, and particularly of those constituted
on oriental principles, that the beneficial measures
designed by enlightened state 'tnen are often thwarted
or delayed in their operation by the ignorance or
corruption of subordinate officials ; yet we cannot
doubt that the concessions recently made will, at
no distant date, be productive of all the advantages
Which the best friends of 'turkey anticipate. It is
certainly singular that so accomplished a diploma-
tist as M. de Nesselrode should feel that perplexity
which he expresses in his late circular to the foreign
agents of Russia with reference to the Greek insur-
rection, when he says—" By a contradiction, which
those who pretend to protect against us the power
of the Crescent and the rights of the Sultan can
alone explain, these same Powers who declare war
to us for the sole motive that we wished to main-
tain the religious immunities of the Christains of
Turkey, say that they are disposed to obtain in
their favour the same civil and political rights as are
enjoyed by the Mussulmans." Perhaps, however,
under any other circumstances, he would easily find
a satisfactory solution for the difficulty. " Good
offices" are not generally understood to be syno-
nymous with an ultimatissinium ; nor are friendly
counsels to an independent potentate identical with
the armed occupation of his territories. We may
add that the very terms of the incendiary docu-
ment, to which we have just alluded, may suffice to
relieve the Russian Minister from the difficulty
which he professes to experience in discriminating
between the acts of England and France and those
of his Imperial master. There is a sufficiently wide
distinction between amicable representations to a
Government on behalf of a portion of its subjects,
and the open encouragement of armed revolt , and
Europe will, perhaps, find no " contradictions"
half so startling as that which exhibits the " Great
Conservative Power" in the light of an emissary of
sedition and insurrection.
We cannot conclude without again expressing
our earnest hope—a hope which recent events en-
courage us to entertain with increasing confidence
—that Austria will assume, in the present struggle,
that position which suits both her ancient renown
and her present strength. The nuptials of her
Sovereign have been wisely and gracefully signal-
ised by measures calculated to convert provinces
hitherto dissatisfied into attached supporters of the
Imperial Crown. We mentioned a few days ago
that the state of siege in Hungary, Gallicia, and
other eastern districts, would be raised on the Ist
of next month, and we have since learned that the
same concession will be extended, without reserve,
to Lombardy and the Venetian provinces. It fur-
ther appears that a complete or conditional pardon
will be granted to a large number of political pri-
soners, whilst a general amnesty for offences against
the State will also be conceded. By this prudent
and conciliatory policy, Austria places herself in a
position to employ her vast force in the guardian
ship of those European rights and interests which
she is especially concerned to maintain and pro-
tect ; and there is, we trust, little doubt that the
power thus derived from measures of justice and
clemency at home will be actively exerted abroad
in a manner worthy of her resources and her his-
torical reputation.

(From the Morning Chronicle.)
We published yesterday, in our second edition,
the clear and forcible reply of the French Govern-
ment to the recent Emissian Declaration ; and it
will be seen that M. Drouyn de Lhuys most feli-
citously disposes of the principal points on which
the Court of St. Petersburg has attempted to rest
its justification. It may, perhaps, be recollected
that, according to the latter document, the Czar
and his advisers are labouring under the most pain-
ful anxiety as to the balance of power in Europe ;
and, indeed, they leave it to be inferred that, in
all the proceedings which have led to the present
war, their efforts have been solely directed to the
maintenance of the existing political equilibrium.
They are, it seems, seriously apprehensive that it
will be disturbed, if they are not allowed quietly
to accomplish their designs upon Turkey ; and they,
therefore, address an almost plaintive appeal to
neutral Powers against the proceedings of England
and France, who, unable to appreciate the bene-
ficence of kussia' s intentions, have avowed their
determination to resist her equitable adjustment of
the Sultan's territories and rights of sovereignty.
Austria is pathetically reminded of efforts " con-
secrated to the maintenance of equilibrium," mo-
rally in Lombardy, and materially in Hungary ;
and the Cabinet of St. Petersburg condescends
even to invoke the sympathies of Greece, Sicily,
Naples, and Tuscany, in the hope of escaping the
isolation with which it is so unjustitiablythreatened.
M. Drouyn de Lhuys has, however, little diffi-
culty in reducing the Imperial complaints and
; protestations to their true value. He urges, with
' irresistible force, the fact that, throughout the
protracted negotiations which have taken place,
there has been, the most cordial agreement, not
only between France and England, but among the
four Great Powers of Western and Central Eu-
-1 rope. The Russian Government, ho observes, for-
! gets that " no one of these Powers aims, like it, at
exclusive advantages, or wants to act by itself
t alone. Far from permitttng a preponderance of

7

~l ~G ~-1 l'i

[PRICE SD.

ters may have sinned in ignorance, but Count
Nesselrode will be handed down to posterity as the
venal, timid slave of a despot whom in his inmost
soul he thoroughly understood and despised. Red
tapists—high or low in station—may admire and
flatter sucti a character, but it becomes all whose
moral standard has not been dulled and debased by
court intrigues—who see and feel the misery which
such. courtly parasites entail upon humanity—to
brand tha.Nesselrodes of all times and nations as
they deserve.

The last new piece of dirty work undertaken by
Count Icesselrode, and executed, as might have
been anticipated, con. amore, is to bespatter with
praise the wretched intrigues of the Gre-di Court
and its mercenary incendiaries in Thessaly and
Epirus ; and,
.if possible, to encourage them to per-
sevcre in their evil courses. The Count attempts
to insinuate that the rising in Epirus has been the
consequence of recent oppressions of the Greeks in
that province, and he would make it appear that
the Turks have been stimulated and encouraged iii
acts of oppression by the Western Powers. He
speaks of " the position of the Christian popula-
tions subjected to Turkey, and upon whom the
Mussulman Government and people, excited by
fanaticism,
t oh
aein and
with confidings o intheympathy and aid
offered unjustifiable an eagerness
by the Christian Powers, think themselves autho-
rised to exercise the most cruel vexations." To
this alleged French, English, and Turkish conspi-
racy for the oppression of the Eastern Christians,
Count Nesselrode attributes the recent movements
in Epirus. " Some of these populations, especially
those which border upon independent Greece,
driven to extremes and losing all hopes of a better
hake taken up strms to throw
off a yoke which
has become insupportable." What follows could
only emanate from a Cabinet so long hardened in
the practice of audacious falsehoods as that of St.
Petersburg :

"If the rising we hear of should take greater extension
—if it should become a war to the death, and of long dura-
tion, like that of the Greeks in 1821—we do not think
that any Christian power could assist in replacing these
populations under the Ottoman yoke without offending
its conscience. The Emperor will in no case lend his
hand to it. During our war, as at the period when
peace will be possible, their fate will be the object of the
Emperor's care. We also hope that God will not allow
that, from an unjustanimosity against Russia, Christian
sovereigns shall permit their armies to join in the work
of extermination, which the renegades assembled in the
camp of Omer Pacha meditate doubtless at this hour
against those who have taken arms for the defence of
their hear: hs and their church. Such, sir, is the point
of view in which we think it right to consider the rising
in Epirus, the possible consequences of which we
regret, which we have the consciousness not only not to
have excited, but which we were unable to prevent,
though we desired to do so."
The cant of moderation in these sentences can
be equalled in offensiveness by theirdaringdefiance
of truth or probability. It is false that France or
England have encouraged or stimulated Moslem
fanaticism. It is false that recent exactions
or oppressions on the part of the Turkish
Government, or the Turkish people, have given
rise to the insurrectionary movements in Thes-
saly and Epirus. The journals of Athens
do not attempt to deny that the rising has been
the work of those worse than the Klephts, who by
a transparent juggle have resigned their commis-
sions under the Greek Government to place them-
selves at the head of the few misled subjects
of the Porte, whom their artifices have in-
volved in insurrection, and the Uric/ands who
have joined them from the Kingdom of
Greece. The only palliation, strongly urged by
the tools of the Greek Government in the press, is
that the frontiers of independent Greece were not
sufficiently extended to the north when its separa-
tion from Thrkey was declared, and that its Go-
vernment is warranted in seizing the first opportu-
nity to have them widened by any means. Equally
untrue is Count Nesselrode's assertion respecting
the rising in Epirus—" which we have the con-
sciousness not only not to have excited, but which
we were unable to prevent, though we desired to
do so." There is an important admission in this
sentence : if the Russian Government attempted
to prevent the rising in Epirus, it must have known
of it beforehand. Count Nesseirode has confessed
therefore that his Court was previously aware of
the intended rising ; that it was in communication
with the insurgents or invaders—call them what
you will. Here then we have a light thrown upon
the mission of the military Russian agents who
accompanied Prince Menschikoff to Constantinople,
and proceeded without a day's rest to visit various
districts. of independent and Ottoman Greece.
Count Nesseirode has confessed that they ware in
communication with the leaders of the insurrection
before it broke out, before the Menschikoff negotia-
tions had transpired, and consequently before ail
could have been offered by the Western Powers to
the Porte. The attempt of Count Nesseirode,
therefore, to attribute to the rising in Epirus an
overweening spirit engendered in the Turks by
their reliance upon their Western allies falls to the
ground. That rising had been resolved upon and
prepared before Prince Menschikoff opened his
batteries against the Divan ; and resolved upon
and prepared with the knowedge of the Russian
Government. The assertion that Russia desired
to prevent the rising is disproved by the papers
found upon the secret Russian agents subsequently
arrested at Constantinople and elsewhere. Those
papers prove that the leaders of the insurrection
were 'acting in concert with Russia, and in other
provinces of Turkey beside Epirus.
With the characteristic self-defeating, over-cun-
ning of his Cabinet, Count Nesseirode has completed
the chain of evidence which proves the insurgents
or invaders in Epirus and Thessaly to be mere
tools of-Russia. The allegation that these adven-
turers, with King Otho for their leader, are inspired
by sympathy for the Christians subject to Turkey,
will not hold water. Religion has nothing to do
with the affair ; it is simply an attempt to raise a
Greek Government on the ruins of an Osmanli one.
It is not even a genuine prejudice of race. The
adventurers whom King Otho has hounded upon
Albania care for the name of Greek only in so far
as it affords " political capital" for them to traffic
upon. Their Greek patriotism and nationality is
the exact counterpart of the Irish patriotism and
nationality of our Mitchels and Johns of Tuam.
They have sucked the kingdom of Greece dry, and
are seeking to enlarge its border in order to entrap
more subjects whose pockets may be picked in legal
form for the benefit of King Otho and his pauper
court. They are as shortsighted, too, as they are
unprincipled ; they do not see that in the hands of
Russia they are the mere cat's-paw exposed to
singe itself while poking the chestnuts out of the
fire with which its patron desires hereafter to feed
himself. The Greek Government, we are told, has
purchased the Russian men-of-war laid up in the
Adriatic ports of Austria. Whence has a bankrupt
Government, which cannot pay its own debts,
money for such a purchase ? Russia, to be sure,
has sold those ships upon credit, intending to take
payment in its own fashion and its own time. inTohur
Emperor of Russia told Sir Hamilton S
frankly enough his views respecting any extension
of Greek sovereignty.
I Were it merely a question as to the arlditio. nal
power Greece throws into the Russian scale, these
in which
intrigues would scarcely deserve a second thought ;
but the awkward and incautious manner
onhifsrocmard asfaditei;
the demure Nesseirode has
sereshoitw
only
lingering hope that the eyes of our Government
may at last be
Opened to the true character of the
enemy they have to with. deal The Russian Go-
vernment, it is clear, shrinks from no incendiary
or revolutionary machinations in other States that
promise to promote its selfish ambition. Its policy
is that of the man who would set his neighbour's
house on fire to roast his own eggs. In its aggres-
sions Russia knows neither pause nor retreat. Ne-
gotiation is with it merely a device to gain time.
War to the knife" must be the rallying cry of
all who have to struggle with it. Till the power
of the Russian Government is effectually and per-
manently paralysed, there can be no hope of repose
for Europe.

BURIAL IN A GARDEN.—Yesterday information was
forwarded to Mr. Wakley, the coroner, that the body of
a child, who had been buried under somewhat extraordi-
nary circumstances in the garden of Dr. Griffith Jones,
of the Hydro-Homcepathie establishment, 14, Harring-
ton-square, St. Pancras, had been exhumed. The child,
it appears, had been under the care of the medical gen-
tleman in whose garden the body had been buried, and
having died under his care had been buried in the man-
ner stated. The body was conveyed to the St, Pancras
Workhouse to await the coroner's inquest.
TilE MURDER OF A BOILER-MAKER AT BROMLEY.—
CORONER'S INQUEST.—Yesterday forenoon, Mr. Win.
Baker, and a respectable jury, assembled at the St.
Leonard's Arms Tavern' St. Leonard's,road, Bromley
New Town, on view of the body ofThomasTurton, aged
40 years, who it was alleged had been murdered by
Rebecca his wife, on Saturday morning last, by stran-
gling him while asleep with a black silk handkerchief,
some particulars of which appeared in The Sun yesterday.
The inquiry having lasted upwards of four hours, and
there being a great number' df witnesses in addition to
the medical testimony, the leartild coroner adjourned the
inquiry for a few days.