The Sun.
London, England, 1854-09-21 00:00:00

PRECAUTIONS AGAINST CEIOLERA.

1. Apply for medicine immediately to stop looseness
of the bowels, or it may bring on cholera; 2. Do not
take any strong opening medicine without medical ad-
vice ; 8. Beware of drink, for excess in beer, wine, or
spirits is likely to be followed by cholera ; 4. Drink no
water which has not been boiled, and avoid that which
is not quite clear and well-tasted ; 5. Avoid eating
meat that is tainted, decayed or unripe fruit, and
stale fish or raw vegetables. Cooked vegetables, or
ripe and cooked fruit, in moderation, are a neces-
sary part of diet at all times ; 6. Avoid fasting too
long ; be moderate at meals ; 7. Avoid great fatigue,
and getting heated and then chilled ; 8. Avoid getting
wet, or remaining in wet clothes ; 9. Keep yourself
clean, and your body and feet as dry and as warm as
your means and occupation will permit ; 10. Keep your
rooms well cleaned and lime-washed, remove all dirt and
impurities immediately ; 11. Keep your windows open
as much as possible to admit fresh air, and, if necessary,
use chloride of lime or zinc to remove any offensive
smells ; 12. If there are any dust or dirt heaps, foul
drains, bad smells, or other nuisances in the house or
neighbourhood, make complaint without delay to the
local authorities having legal power to remove them, or
if there be no such authorities, or if you do not know
who they are, complain to the board of guardians.

CRYSTAL PALACE, Sept. 20.—SHILLING DAL—Ad-
mission at the doors, 5,390; admission by season tickets,
392 ; total, 5;782.
LANCASHIRE AND PRESTON JUNCTION RAILWAY.—
The report of the directors of this company recommends
a dividend of 2/. Bs. 10d. per old share, of 325. 4d. per
three-quarter share, of 12s. 10(1. per quarter share, of 4...
3d. per twelfth share, and is. 3d, per new 11/. ss. share,
upon which 21. has been paid. The dividend on the
whole shares is at the rate of 5-15 per cent., and on the
whole of the share capital entitled to dividend of 5 per
cent. for the half-year, or at the rate of 10 per cent.
per annum.

berSTilltiolKstl,NG gracious
Ent COLOURS.—We have heard
. -
that on
Majesty Queen Victoria passing the
Forfar Railway station on Friday, en route for the north,
that the magistrates and town council, being refused
admittance to the platform, gave immediate order to
lower a flag which had been planted at the railway build-
ings in honour of the-visit, to mark their estimation of
the slight cast upon the authorities in not allowing them
1 to kook upon 1i0ya1ty..89044 'WA

MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLN.
SHIRE.
A. meeting of the 101. preference and No. / quarter
shareholders, and afterwards a special general meeting
uLthe_sharPholders in this company, took place yester•
day at the Corn Exchange, Manchester ; the Right Hon.
the Earl of Yarborough presiding. Both meetings were
held for the purpose of receiving the report of the com-
mittee of preference shareholders, appointed on the 2d
of August last, to consider the question of the arrears of
interest. The recommendations of the report have
already appeared in The Sun.
The attendance of proprietors was not so large as has
been usual on previous occasions.
Lord YanßonouGH, in opening the proceedings, said
the committee of preference shareholders appointed on.
the 2d August last, who had every right to the confi-
dence of the proprietary, both on account of their per-
sonal position and their very large stake in this concern,
had decided to recommend the capitalisation of the ar-
-rears,--at-sech amount as they shall stand ou the 31st
December, 1855, by the issue of a 31 per cent, prefer-
ence stock, to bear dividenl from the Ist January, 1856.

They had also reported a suggestion, that an option
ihould be given to issue, at an agreed rate, the for-
feited and unissued stock of the company to such parties
71s might prefer it. The question presented so many
points for argument that it was hardly likely an entire
' concurrence of opinion could exist. Representations
had been made to the directors by some of the orizi»al
proprietors, who were of opinion that 31 per cent. stock
--represented more than the preference shareholders were
entitled to receive in lieu of their arrears ; but the direc-
tors, as they urged upon the preference shareholders the
acceptance of the terms proposed, would also urge their
adoption by the original shareholders. The committee
e regploYrt•
Parliament accordi,
the
ed gone very carefully into the question, and therefore
tohrsdit rectors would earnestly recommend the proprie-
tors
consider the matter as amicably and equitably
oifnthec
settled,and to arm the board with powers to proceed to
he would move
the adoption of th
and to authorise meeting of shareholders
shareholders, and thatthe
directors be. requested to
refer it to a general meet' -conclusionem m i
committee
tee of preference
for confir-
mation,m obtaining powers to carry
out the same by act of Parliament.
Mr. CHAPMAN, the deputy
resolution, which was immediatellairman, seconded the
large majority, about ten hands being
put and carried by a
negative. being held up for the

The business of the preference shareholders' meeting
having been concluded, •
This meeting was Made- Special; 'for the consideration
of the report of the committee of the preference share.
holders, and took place about an hour after the concha-
sion of the previous one.
Lord YARBOROUGH said that at the meeting just
closed the directors had received the sanction of the
holders of the preference shares to the recommendations
of the committee appOinted on the 2d of August. There
were some, as he had already observed, who thought
that a 31 per cent, stock was more than an equivalent
for the preference arrears ; but the directors thought it
was a question, not of 1 per cent., but of uniting toge-
ther all classes of the proprietary in .order to get the
thing settled, so that there might be an end to all differ-
ences of opinion among the shareholders as to what
should be done with the arrears, and to agree to a mea-
sure which would give the holders of those arrears a
saleable property in exchange for bne which had no value
in the market. He would now move that the report of
the committee of preference shareholders, dated 31st
August last, which had been approved by the preference
shareholders at a meeting held that day, be confirmed,
and that the directors be authorised to carry out the
sane by application to Parliament.
Mr. CHAPMAN seconded the resolution.
Mr. CARR moved, as an amendment, that the ques-
tion of capitalising the arrears be deferred for twelve
months, that the shareholders might have an opportu-
nity of seeing the benefit to be derived from the late
arrangements with the London and North-Western
Company.
Mr. CORFE seconded the amendment.
The amendment was aceardingly put, and six hands
only were held up in its favour, the original motion
being carried by a large majority, with loud applause.
The proceedings concluded with the passing of votes
of thanks to Lord Yarborough and the directors, and to
the committee of preference shareholders.
RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS.

THE GREAT NORTHERN RAlLWAY.—Traffic return for
the week ending Sept. 10, 1854 £19,849 7 9
Corresponding week last year
LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAlLWAY.—Traffic re-
turn for the week ending Sept. 17, 1854 221,769 9 9
Corresponding week last year
CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAlLWAY.—Traffic return for
the week ending Sept. 17, 1854 £6,696 18 1
Corresponding week last year 6,039 18 7
Decrease in 1854 £656 •19 6

WHY NO NEW MATERIALS ARE USED
IN PAPER MAKING IN ENGLAND.

TO THE EDITOR OP THE SUN.
SIR, —ls a paper manufacturer I have been more
amused than instructed by the different suggestions in
the pipers of articles suitable for making paper. Making
experiments is usually a thankless if not costly business,
and when we have to pay a duty of 200 to 300 per cent.
on the new material to the Government, in the shape of
excise, when made into paper, what possible induce-
ment have paper makers to try them 7 The capital re-
quired to meet the iion'si share demanded by the inland
revenue, and the vexatious rules, and miscue penalties,
for infraction required under a barbarousand antiquated
code, have had one sure and certain effect, that of con-
fining the trade to a number comparatively few. Their
reasoning is naturally this—the public must have paper,
and are using it faster than ever. Rags are scarce and
dear, let them pay the increased price necessary. And
as the duty does not stop consumption from increasing,
the process is being carried into effect in an accelerating
ratio. The same causes that have sent prices up so
much will raise them still higher.
Yet it is perfectly true that the material necessary
for making paper is in existence to any extent, and only
requires to be developed. They have found this out in
countries where the trade is free and enterprise rife. viz.,
the United States. In that country the consumption of
paper is just four times as large as our own per head, and
may be put down at 300,000,000 lbs. annually. Manu-
facturers hare recourse to substances scarcely ku ),‘ 12
here, and straw is employed, strengthened with strkinger
fibre, for thin and thick woven papers, as well as fo
mixing with white paper pulp. The waste from palm
leaf manufactures, swamp canes, wcod shavings, and
other materials are employed in making paper, and the
quantity of white paper is made more abund int by blown
being employed for many purposes it is not employed for
here ; such as envelopes and thin wrapping papers. The
material for making brown papers is, and will be always,
more abundant than those for white paper. But white
paper, or paper nearly white, is used largely for wrap-
ping purposes in this country, and all tie material
that will whiten, and which is put into such piper, is
taken away from that species of paper in which white-
ness is indispensable, and makes it dearer.
If the duty cannot be taken entirely frznn paper, a
great and beneficial change would be produced by allow-
in, all coloured and tinted papers whatever to be free.
Then the enterprise of the manufacturer would be free to
try experiments without the certainty that now exists
of heavy loss. At any rate, he could sell the new made
article at the price of manufacture, without duty. Be.
sides which, substances now very abundant, and useless
for white paper, would make good tinted writing and
envelope paper, and having no duty to pay would be
much cheaper, thus soon coming into favour. Much
good would be done by such a step, but, until the
Chinese shoe of the paper duty is taken off, the trade
of paper•making cannot, as the Americans say, "go
ahead."

I name the paper manufacture in America from recent
and practical experience among paper-mills there. Sti-
mulated by the reports of Messrs. Whitworth and
Wallis, I visited the States to see how they maaaged
mills there. I was completely taken by surprise at the
advanced state of the trade in every department, up to
the finest writing and drawing papers. Every improve-
ment that had been invented in our own country is in
universal operation there. The elastic state of the ma-
nufacture arising from a constantly increasing demand,
the free communication between one man and another
on all matters connected with machinery, the intelli-
gence of the workers, and, above all, freedom from any
legislative regulations or impediments, all combine to
produce a state of the highest prosperity. It is true
that the raw material is becoming as scarce there as it
is here, and is, besides, 20 per cent, dearer ; but fresh
sources of supply are being opened, Which promise to be
inexhaustible. I myself saw and have specimens of an
excellent quality of printing paper, made from the cane-
brake founi on the banks of the great rivers there,
_under
a very simple process. Should the plan be carried out,
there will be no scaicity of material in America'
The short supply felt in Elgland has been made still
Be:sides taking this supply, the Americans
shorter by the large export of raga to the United States.r
buey
our!)
f the
their own consumption material we cannot
of our
same purpose, from sheer want of knowledge.rovement
till there is new blood in the trade, Irledaital
business. Nor will there be any
entirely removed.--I
" PAPICE MAKER.
shackles are

Messrs. Thomas Kyle and Sons, Cowcaddens-street, in-
nalltuArenoc7culNrrcledAocnclDFErivir—
clay,An at tabeecidceontttoonf a ffactil,grhytfu
of
volving a terrible mutilation of Christina Colquhonn, a.
fine young woman of 23 years of age. She had only
gone
to the work on Tuesday last, and was employed as
asweeper. Oa Friday forenoon she bad incautiously
ventured into c
hine
l area situated at the back of the works,
iwthhitlwe
oitwwhaeseisi ncomnontei
co
tn
n,
ganadhohreir.
zouta! with a perpendicular shaft, whereby she was
dragged in among the machinery. The engineer in-
stantly rushed to the spot, and endeavoured to extricate
her. at the same time crying to these inside to atop the
among thegot
omnsetaogeryd
w,
engine ; but it would appear that they were ungle to do
so, and he had to run and stop it himself, by whfoiclrtotAutnliimayteee.
the poor woman was dreadfully mangled, both her legs
being literally torn off above the knees, and one of her
arms wrenched from her body.
tFhreoimnfiarmli awreytcaanithleaourgnh
sthe appearswas
Shenow
t thatexpectedt
wag
o
unfortunate.
e e veyed to
woman had no occasion to be near the machinery at 14
and the melancholy result offers another wanting-
to ail
who would rashly venture into such I
I) aces, evecially
females, whose loose dress is so liable to Place their hots
in jecTairclY%—flogow Eva.
___

THEATRE RO AL, DRURY-L
Lessee, Mr. E. T. SMITH.—The great Traged a
n. G. V.
BROOKE, for Seven Nights mly, previous to his dep ature for
Australia.—rablic attention is :Pspectfally directed to these, the trial
performances of Mr. G. V. Broci e in England.—Monday, October 2,
VIRGINIUS; Virginias, Mr. G. Brooke. Tuesday, 0 ct. 3, The
Hunchback: Master Walter, Mr. V. Brooke. Wednesd v.y, Oct. 4,
Richard III.; Glocester, Mr. G. V. lirooke. Thursday, 0 ct.. 5, The
Stranger; the Stranger, Mr. G. V. Brooke. Friday, Oct. Othello ;
Othello. Mr. G. V. Brooke. Saturday, Oct. , Hamlet ; Bet,
Mr.
G. V. Brooke. And on Monday, Oct. 9, f 7
or Mr. G. V Brooke's
Benefit, Macbeth; Macbeth, Mr. G. V. Brooke (his last api; earance).

LAST TEN NIGHTS.
Lc maw THEATRE. -HENRY RIIS,SELL,
THIS EVENING (the 22d time), September Ist, and
every Evening. Many friends having expressed a wish. that Mr.
Russell should appear again previous to finally withdr; swing his
Entertainment, he has, in compliance with their requt :st, made
arrangements to appear every evening. Mr. RUSSELL w 11l present
THE FAR WEST; or, THE PROGRESS of the EMIIGRANT
from the OLD WORLD to the NEW. Mr. Russell will relate his
anecdotes, and sing several new songs, " Cheer, Boys, chee.r," " Far,
far upon the Sea," " Sunshine after Rain," " Land ! Land 2 Land 1"
" The Falls of Niagara," " Long have we been parted," " I'm
Afloat," "Many changes have I seen," "The Icebergs" (chi scriptive
song), "Newfoundland Dog," "The Gambler's Wife," ,11;c. Thu
Second Part of the Entertainment will consist of a iieries of
bketches, entiVed NEGiW LIFR in Freedom and Slavery.
Dress Circle, 2s. 61. ; Upper Boxes, Is. 61. ; Pit, ls. ; Galliery, Gd.

THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.
The public 13 respectfully informed that this Theatre Is OPEN,
under an entire new direction, for Three Weeks on'y.—TIIIS EVE S-
ING her Majesty's servants will perform Wallaco's Opera, MARI-
TA.N.L. Charles If., Mr. Dusek ; Don Caesar de Bazan, Mr. Elliott
Galer ; Don Jose de Santarem, Mr. 11. Corri ; garcniones de Mon.
teflori, Miss Selbv ; M4r.tana, Mme. Ilud,r;dorff.—To c Include
with a new Ballet Dlvertissianent, entitled D'ISIX DU
E Yet!Nilhi.i.
—Upper Gallery, bd. ; Lower oa.liery, ; 23.` ppOXes,
3s. ; Dress Circle, 45.; Stalls, 53. ; Private Boxas, 155., it. i's.)
Ils 6d., and 21. 25., to he had at the Box-office, and of the principal
librarians and music-sellers.

THEITRE ROYAL 11-B.YIARKET.
Under the management of Mr. Buckstone.
TLIIS EVENING, SEPT. 21,

will be performed THE IRISH AMBASSA.DOR. Characters
by _Messrs. 'Didion, Chippendale, Howe, Rogers, and Cullentord ;
Miss Reynolds and Mrs. Buckingham.
Followed by the SPANISH DANCERS in a NEW BfiLLET.
To be followed by THE IRISH LION. Principal character by
Mr. Hudson.
After which, the Spanish Dancers in a New Ballet.
To conclude with A FISH OUT OF WATER.

THEATRE ROYAL ADELPIII.
Proprietor, Mr. B. 'Webster.—Directress, Madame Celeste.
THIS EVENING, SEPT. 21,

Will be performed the popular Drama of THE DISCARDED
SON. Principal characters by Messrs. Selby, Murray, Bedford, and
Keeley; Mrs. Keeley, and Miss Woo!gar..
After which, MONSIEUR J'ACQUZS.
To conclude with NOTtliA. Principal character by Mr. Paul
Bedford.

STRAND TIIEATRE.

ili)le Lessee Mr. F. W. Aileron.

THIS EVENING, SIFT. 21,
Will be performed HARD TIMES.
To be followed by THE NEW WAGS OF WINDSOR.
To conclude with NETER TASTE WINE AT THE DOCKS.
Stalls, 45.; Boxes, 2s. 64.; Pit, Is. • Gallery, 6d.; Private Boxes
£1 Is , to be had of Mr. Alicroft. 15, Is.;
Bond-street.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPRITHEITRT,.

Lessee and Manager, Mr. William Cooke.

Fourth aopearance:of those celebrated Equestrians from Paris,
Palmer and .1111 e. Caroline.
. THIS EVENING,

The thrilling and interesting Eque trian Spectacle, THE WOOD-
MAN'S HORSE; or, THE FALSE IC...NIGH P.
After which, the Graphic SCENES ;11 the CIRCLE, in which Mr.
William Cooke will introduce the "Smallest Horse in the World."
Miss Emily Cooke will appear, M. Palmer, and Mile. Caroline.
The whole to conclude with the Equestrian Burlesque (compressed
into one act), THE SIEGE OF TROY; or, THE GIANT HORSE.

Boa-office open from Eleven till Fora.. Stage Mi,iager. .•
West. Acting Manager, Mr. W It. Cooke. Equestrian Dire tor,
Mr. Win. Cooke, j un.

ITTGEr WATER AT • LONDON BRIDGE.
Trim DAT —Morning 28 min.af ter 1 Evening 45 min.aft. 1
To Atoanow • Morning 0 min.after 2 I Evening 16 Inin.sfe. 2

THE WEATHER.—SUN Oritax, SEpr. 21.

THE3XOIIETER, IN Tan SRAM!.

71—highest since noon yesterday.
50 —lowest this morning and during the night
63—this day at noon.

BAROMETER, 30.1. G.
WIND, N.W. to W.N.W.—Fresh, with cloudy. weather
and occasional sunshine.

e,k .*..1.
-
;

X 173,

LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1854,

The same uncertainty still prevails with respect
to the proceedings of the Anglo-French Expedi-
tion ; and, as we intimated on Tuesday, every
description of "Canard" is anxiously circulated
and greedily swallowed.' It is positively asserted
that Odessa has again been bombarded, and that
all the strand batteries recently erected have been
destroyed. It is also stated that the town was on
fire in three places, and that most of the inhabi-
tants had retreated to Tirasopol, the city of refuge
indicated by the atrocious proclamation of General
KRIISENSTERN, to which we have already directed
public attention. It is also said that the squadron
under Admiral LYONS had bombarded Anapa, on
the Asiatic coast, while the rumoured explosion
of a powder magazine at Perekop, with great loss
of life to the Russians, and some damage to two
vessels of the allied fleet, would seem to indicate
that a demonstration had been made in that direo-
tion also.

From these varied statements it is attempted
to argue that there is no real intention of attempt-
ing the capture of Sebastopol during the present
season. We cannot, however, in any degree con-
cur with this opinion. Even if all the accounts
were correct, a matter by no means certain, we
can easily discern the propriety of these simulta-
neous attacks, which would greatly favour the
landing of the troops, by directing the attention
of the enemy to so many different points at the
same time. The point of disembarkation has
hitherto been kept a strict secret—almost the
only one, by the way, that has not been com-
municated as well to foes as friends. It
might be possible that the destination of the
allied troops was the Asiatic coast, to co-ope-
rate with the Turkish army, and expel the
Russians from that quarter and restore freedom
to the Caucasian districts. The attack on Anapa,
which is about the same distance to the east of
Sebastopol that Odessa is on the north-west,
would seem to favour this notion, and prevent any
reinforcement to the division in the Crimea.
The bombardment of Odessa would have the same
effect in another direction, if, as is more than
hinted, a large body of men had not already been
detached to Sebastopol ; while the assault on
Perekop would appear intended at the same time
to prevent the entrance of new troops into the
Crimea, and cut off the retreat of those already
there. Besides, it must be remembered, that a
ell
ffteient portion of the allied fleets has been re-
tained't° Prevent the exit of any Russian vessels
from Sebastopol ; and that, in the event of a grand
naval attack, where all the force would be re-
quired, the outlying squadrons could be recalled
within 24 hours at the outside; So far, then,
from conceiving that these various demonstrations
are conolusive against the regular onslaught against
Sebastopol, we think that they argue strongly
in favour of the only step that would be worthy
of the Western Powers, or which Would repay the
maanitude of the preparations entered into.
The capture of Sebastopol, and the destruction
that
of the Russian fleet, would be an event
would completely annihilate the pretensions of
Russia in the East for at least a century to come.
With the fall of that stronghold, from whence it
is enabled to threaten the whole of the Turkish,
dominions, both in Europe and Asia, and even
the capital itself, a high authority (Marshal
MARMONT) considered that within five days " the
Russian fleet, from Sebastopol, with 12, 000'
troops on board, might pass the Bosphorus, and I
take up such a position as circumstances might dic-
tate, whilst another army could cross the Danube,
pass the Balkan, and place itself at Adrianople—
these movements being effected with so much
promptitude and facility that in Paris and Lon-
don the intimation of the departure of the arma-
ment) and of its arrival on the scone of action,

. " .