The Sun.
London, England, 1853-10-24 00:00:00

not lost an individual of our crew, either by accident or tional insult [has been offered in the latest
disease • the officers particularly have enjoyed an im- .
inunity 'from sickness which is surprising, with the ex- manifesto proceeding from St. Petersburg—
,
ception of Mr. Sainsbury, mate, who, since the win- insult to which no nation desirous of retaining
' ter of 1850, has suffered with a pulmonary complaint
,its position among the great Powers could
that has entirely prevented his participating in the ar- ,
' duous duties of the travelling parties, or in the more ' submit. If so, war is inevitable, and that
exciting but not less laborious occupation of hunting war is owing timidity of that
• over this rugged and severe country ; and Mr. Paine, to the
clerk in charge, who had been a great invalid from rheu- excellent ABERDEEN and the ridiculous absurdities
matism until this last winter, when he has made a most of the Peace Congress. Let every English-
rapid and wonderful recovery, and at present is in the
man remember that fact. Let every Voter
' enjoyment of more robust health than when he left Eng-
land. I can attribute our excellent salutary state to the when called upon to exercise his frau-
causes previously alluded to in this narrative, in con-
chise be mindful of this additional and most
junction with the bountiful supply of game which a mer-
ciful Providence has aided us with, and has so materially cogent reason why England should not submit to
added to our otherwise scanty ration, as well as the ex be governed by a Coalition. Why the representa-
cellence of all species of our provisions, which are cer-
tainly of the best description I ever met with, more par- tivesof the people should not abandon their constitu-
ticularly the superior quality of the lime juice, which, as tional functions or permit the most important mat-
an antiscorbutic has proved most inestimable, with the
preserved meats supplied by messrs. Gamble, which, tern that could be brought under the notice of a
for weiht, exempton from bone, and excellence, rank
in the very highest scale ; and that invaluable vegetable Legislative Assembly to be kept from publi-
the preserved potato, manufactured by Edwards. Sir, cation, and decided by men in whom confi-
I have nothing more to add to this narrative, except to
deuce could not justly be reposed. " Eng-
state, that I forwarded a list of game killed, and a ,
monthly abetraet of the meteorological journal, which land can wage no little war." If she is
has been registered every alternate hour since leaving forced into one, she must act in a manner be-
England, by the respective officers of the watches, and
carefully arranged and tabulated by Mr. Court (second coining her ancient reputation, Ind pare the claws
master), which complete tables, I hope, with other in- of the Bear, so as to prevent a speedy repetition
teresting observations, to be enabled to carry safely
of such unjustifiable procee dings. In cordia
home in the ship.
And having particularised the officers in the various co-operation with France we can sweep her
services they have been employed upon, I cannot con- flag from the seas, and annihilate the commerce
elude without expressing the extreme satisfaction that
of Russia. The policy of aggression is at length
the crew have given me upon all occasions, when in the
perilous passage of the Polar Sea, activity, energy, and exhibited in its true colours, and we can only
arduous duty was required, as well as during this long
obviate it by driving back the intended spoiler
period of inactivity they have been characterised by
entitle
cheerfuthem lness,
to propriety
st favourable conduct, and good coniderati won hi of their
fully within his ancient limits, and depriving him
of the power of carrying
the mo
lordships. out his nefarious
projects, and gratifying his boundless ambition.
We cannot doubt as to the results of a contest
between the principles of liberty and despotism—
of constitutional government and autocracy.

ROBERT M'CLURE, Commander.
Bay of Mercy, Baring's Island, April 5, 1853.
Lat 74 deg. 6m. 34secs. N. ; long. 118 deg• 15 In. W.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Under the management of Mr. Bnckstone.
THIS EVENING, °cr. 24,

Will be performed A CURE FOR LOVE. Characters by Messrs.
Chippendale, Villiers, and Buckstone ; Mrs. Stanley, Miss Vining.
To be followed by THE BEGGAR'A OPERA. Characters by
31ives Featherstone and Ormonde, and Mrs. Fitzwilliarn.
To conclude with FOUNDED ON FACTS. Supported by Mr.
Compton.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET.
Under the Management of Mr. Caiar KEAN,
THIS EVENING, OCT. 24,
Will be performed THE DAY AFTER THE WEDDING. Sup-
ported by Mr. and Mrs. W. Lacy.
After which, Lord Byron's Tragedy of SARDANAPALUS, con-
siderably abridged for stage representation. Principal characters by
Mr. and Mrs. C. Kean.
To conclude with A ROLAND FOR AN OLIVER. Supported
by Mr. W. Lacy and Miss C. Leclercq.

The unfortunate differences between the masters
and workmen still continue in full force in the

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
l`Rta DAV —Morning 48 min.after 5 Evening 10 min.aft. 6
ro-MoarvAv —Morning 34 min.after 6 Evening 6 min.aft. 7

manufacturing districts, and we regret to say that

any indications of returning sense have not as yet
been perceptible on the part of the misguided ope-
ratives. They still permit their affairs to be
managed, or rather mismanaged, by a set of selfish
and turbulent agitators, who care little for the
sufferings endured by their miserable dupes so
long as they themselves achieve a tempo-
rary notoriety, and are enabled to live in

THE WEATHER,.—Sux OFFICES, OCT. 23.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
60—highest since noon yesterday.
156—lowest this morning and during the night.
63—this day at noon.

.uxurious idleness on the contributions wrung
from sympathisers who are permitted still
to work, to keep up supplies to the committee-
men and delegates. Those who behold their
children already crying for bread---who see the
various articles, accumulated during happier
times, vanishing by degrees—who are not only
totally deprived of the comforts, but are scarcely
enabled to provide a scanty supply of the bare
necessaries of life—may be well assured that those
who have arrogated to themselves the titles of po-
sition of leaders of the movement are undergoing no
such privations, but that, on the contrary, they are
living on the fat of the land, in the enjoyment of all the
creature comforts that can be provided at the va-
rious committee rooms. Those persons are not
desirous of bringing the dispute to an early ter-
mination. They are not anxious to lay down
their temporary authority, and to once more earn
their daily bread by their daily labour. Anything
would be better than that. They are too well
aware that when the delusion is dispelled, and
the gross humbug of their inordinate va-
pourings is revealed, they will become ob-
jects of execration to their victims they
will be expelled with disgrace and ignominy
from the power which they have so scandalously
abused, and that, as Mr. Six WELLER might re-
mark, " its wery little cold swerry as ever
they'll be troubled with agin," at the expense of
their fellow-workmen. These pethouse legislators
are then making a last desperate exertion to ren-
der the breach still wider, and to prevent the
possibility of an amicable arrangement between
those whose interests are one and indivisible,
neither of whom could possibly be prosperous at
the expense of the other.
If the working classes could understand the
true state of the case, there would be no possi-
bility of these unfortunate and deplorable collisions,
nor would they so grossly abuse the liberty be-
stowed by Parliament in 1826. Before that
year every person engaged in these untoward pro-
ceedings would have been guilty of a high crime
and misdemeanour, rendering him liable to severe
punishment. Up to that period all combinations
to increase the rate of wages, or regulate the
hours of labour were prohibited under very
stringent penalties. From the time of ED-
WARD the First down to the preceding
year there had been a series of enactments, all
tending to prohibit combinations, and pro-
viding a means by which all differences between
masters and workmen might be arranged, gene-
rally speaking, by the intervention of the
local magistrates, who should either act as arbi-
trators themselves, or nominate a list of persons
from whom the disputants might select one on
each side. In that year, however, the principle
that labour was a commodity, the price of which
should be determined by free competition between
masters and workmen, for the first time obtained
a legislative recognition. The whole of the enact-
ments, from the 33d EDWARD I. to the sth
GEORGE IV., were accordingly repealed, so
far as they referred to combinations for regu-
lating labour. Additional Legislative gua-
rantees were, however, afforded for the protection
of those who did not choose to join in the con-
federacy. Stringent provisions were, therefore,
made to prevent undue interference with those
who were willing to remain at work, and who re-
fused to submit to the dictation of self-constituted
bodies. It was, therefore, enacted that, "if any
person by violence, threats, molesting, or obstruc-
tion, endeavour to force any workman to leave
his employer, or to prevent him from being
employed, or to induce him to belong to
any Club, or to contribute to any fund,
or to alter the mode of carrying on any
manufacture, or to limit the number of ap-
prentices, every person so offending, or aiding
or assisting them, shall be imprisoned, with or
without hard labour, for any time not exceeding
three calendar months." The like privileges were
thus extended to both workmen and employers,
for the union of persons of either class for the
purpose of injurying the other was alike pro-
hibited by the old code. There are now, then,
perhaps, as many cases of " lock-outs" as of " turn-
outs." The workmen having so grossly abused their
privileges, it was necessary that the masters should
cordially co-operate for the same purpose. They
had been forced into a corner, driven to combine
in self-defence, if they would not see themselves
conquered in detail, and coerced by the most ar-
rogant and dictatorial ukases of those who, though
nominally their servants, were really masters—and
very despotic and unreasonable masters too, It is
absurd therefore to listen to the whining resolu-
tions of those who, defeated in their nefarious pro-
jects, endeavour to shift the onus of the suf-
ferings that must be endured on the masters,
who are simply
acting
in self-defence for
mutual protection, and who, hanvqin
been forced into action,
will not r
eli
exertions until they have brokentheir the neck of the
conspiracy against employers, and eompelited every
person seeking employment to sign
a solemn decla-
ration that he will not, so long as bis engagement
continu(m, be connected with, or in. any 'way con-

BAROMETER, .10.
WIND, S.W.—Smart breeze,3o and cloudy weather.

OCTOBER 24.
64—highest since noon yesterday.
53—lowest this morning and during the night.
63—this day, at noon.
BAROMETER went np to 301.5—now 30'05.
WIND, E.S.E.—Light breeze, and fine weather.

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