The Sun.
London, England, 1853-02-05 00:00:00

AMERICA.

--.C.--

ARRIVAL OF -THE PACIFIC.
LIVERPOOL, FRIDAY.
By the United. States' mail steam-ship Pacific,
we have advices from New York to the 22d ult.
She brought 54 passengers, but no specie.
The Pacific passed Holyhead at two p.m. yester-
day, but was compelled to come to anchor at six
p.m. on account of dense fog, and did not arrive
till seven o'clock this morning.
The screw steamer Andes, Captain Hutchins,
arrived at New York from Liverpool on the 21st
ult.
The Royal mail steamer Europa, Shannon, com-
mander, arrived at Halifax on the 20th.
The proceedings of Congress do not possess any in-
teresting features. The debate on the Monroe doc-
trine as applied to Cuba, was resumed on the 19th
and again adjourned. A message from the Presi-
dent had been laid before the Senate respecting the
refusal of the Indialis in Florida to migrate to the
country west of the Mississipi assigned to their
tribe.

The following is the conclusion of General Cass's
speech in this debate :

"We have evidently reached one of those epochs in
the career of nations to which the historian of their de-
cline and fall looks back, in his searching investigation
into the causes of their fate. Our duties are plain—
noble, indeed, and our position invites them to fulfil
them firmly and fearlessly. The progress and improve-
ment in all the great branches of human industry, and
especially in those which relate to the inter communica-

tin of nations, and to the benefits that each may
derive from all, by the interchange, as well of knowledge
as of material products, have brought the human family
more closely into contact than at any former period,
and have opened interests which have, if not new,
become much more powerful in their extent and
operasion, and which gave some degree of unity to
the public feeling of the world. We cannot with-
draw from this great association—we cannot isolate
ourselves from the common sentiment of the age, nor
ought we to do so if we could. Our place is assigned to us
by events, almost beyond our control, and as we will fill
it worthily or unworthily, the judgment of the future will
pronounCe us the inheritors of the spirit, as we have
been of the labours and sacrifices of the men of the re-
volution, or craven descendants, false to their principles,
as to our own honour. lam well aware, Mr. President,
that such views expose a man to a great deal of obloquy
in this country. I have experienced all that in common
with many others. But neither the advent nor the ap-
prehension of it has deterred me at much earlier periods
of life, and certainly will not deter me now, when that
life is fast drawing to a close, from the expression of an
earnest hope that the American name and fame will be
maintained by the American people, with the bright-
ness of true glory, undiminished by the neglect of a
single deed, or the commission of a single deed
which national honour may require we should do
or leave undone. There are men—American citizens
even —who cannot appreciate sentiments like these ;
who disbelieve in their existence, and who deride
and denounce all those who avow them as demagogues.
I have seen a great deal of this political perversity—
this unpatriotic pre-disposition—which prompts many
men to take part always against their country, whatever
be the 'position in which she is placed. Ido not recol-
lect a single controversy in which we have been involved
with a foreign power, since I have been on the stage of
action, when the whole sentiment of the country was
united in the cause of the country. I doubt if there is
another people on the face of the globe whose history
presents so many instances of this want of true national
pride, patriotism rather, as our own. Whether it re-
sults from any peculiar political idiosyncracy I know not.
Or whether our party feelings are so strong that we are
blinded by them, and led, in their vehemence, to think
that all is wrong our opponents do, or it may be, at any
rate so far as England is concerned, that some of the
old colonial level still remains, which leavens much
of the lump—be it one or the other, or whatever else
—the deplorable consequence is certain, and the senti-
ment of Decatur not less noble than just, " Our country,
right or wrong," which, being truly understood—felt,
rather—means, that when embarked in a controversy
with a foreign nation, it becomes every true citizen, after
the course of this country has been decided by the con-
stitutional authority, to submit to that decision, and to
support her cause, and not the cause of her foes. But
returning from this aggression, if it can be called one,
more immediately to the subject, I would observe that
conservatism and progress, as they are called, designate
principles, positions rather, which are useful in their
moderate, but injurious in their extreme application.
In the meantime, we desire that we may be left free
in our career, rightfully free, unimpeded by tor-
tuous European policy or project of aggrandisement upon
this continent ; and every American who participates in
this sentiment will be ready to proclaim it, as these reso-
lutions do, and abide by it, in safety and in danger. We
do not intend to be circumscribed in our expansion, nor
do we intend to have this hemisphere ruled by maxims,
suited neither to its position nor to its interests, and di-
vided into political communities, dependencies of Euro-
pean monarchies, or under their influence, and therefore
liable to be involved in every war breaking out in the old

world, and thus extending its dangers and its ravages to
the new; and by which means we should be exposed in
ail time to come, to have our lines of communication with
our Pacific coast interrupted, our commerce cut in two,
as Lord George Bentinck said, and wars entailed upon
us; agreeable to the moral code of Blackwood, that imper-
sonation Gf English Tory feeling, as " blessings to man-
kind," together with all the other vexatious annoyances
which such a state of things could not fail to bring with
it. If this is not to be our destiny, we must be pro:

gressive till the great objects are accomplished, and
then just as conservative as may be necessary to
maintain our high position in the world, our free institu-
tions, and all those elements of individual national
prosperity which God has given to us, and which, I
trust, man will never be able to take away. This will be
the truly American Union of progress and con-
servatism."

The Canadian Reciprocity Bill had been under
consideration by the committee, who had decided
upon the main principles which should govern
them, but had not concluded as to the details.
The shipments of sugar from Cuba for 1852 were
stated to be 331,881 boxes to the United States ;
24,884 to Great Britain ; 241,632 to Cowes and a
market ; 45,739 to the Baltic ; 41,325 to Hamburgh
and Bremen; 17,607 to Holland; 35,024 to Belgiv'n;
154,275 to Spain ; 62,818 to France ; 48,434 to
Trieste and Venice ; 2,500 to Leghorn and Genoa
and to other porta 11,907 boxes—giving a total of
1,017,486 boxes, against 1851 of 1,237,089 boxes.
We find the following telegraphic communication
in the New York papers :
" NEW ORLEANS, Jan. 18.
" The brig America, from Vera Cruz, reports that
the City Castle, on the evening of the 28th of December,
declared in favour of the revolutionists,"
Previous advices to the sth lilt. do not mention
such an occurrence.

"NEW ORLEANS, Jan. 19.
"The Mexican news is generally meagre and unim-
portant, but is favourable to the revolutionists.
" The Carthagena papers say that Santa Anna is
making preparations to return to Mexico immediately.
" The Mexican Senate has not acted upon the Tehu-
antepec question.
" The State of Cordova has joined the insurgents, and
Orizaba was hourly expected to do the same."
BALTIMORE, Jan. 19.

A correspondent of the Nueces Valley Gazette,
writing from Brownsville on the 23d ult., says :

" The revolution has been proclaimed in Monterey,
and it is rumoured that Caravajal was there. Colonel
Montero, of the regular Mexican army, was captured by
him. Canales escaped when Cardenas was arrested, but
it has since been reported that he was murdered by some
rancheros. General Morett had got up a pronuncia-
mcnto and was marching on Zacatecas. The regular
forces had been again defeated by the revolted national
guards, and returned to Matamoras badly cut up."

A correspondent of a New York paper, writing
from Havannah on the 15th ult., states that a
British subject, Mr. Boylen, had arrived at Havan-
nah from St. Jago de Cuba, having been expelled
from the latter place by the Governor-General,
Medenilla' who would not give him any explana-
tion of such a proceeding:.
A letter, dated San Juan del Norte, January 2,
states that Belize, or British Honduras, has been
elevated to the position of a colony, the superin-
tendent converted into a sovereign, and a constitu-
tion given to the people. The letter also notices
the prevalence of a rumour to the effect that the
Central Americans had possessed themselves of the
Port of Limas, from which they were ejected in
1851 by Her Vlajesty's schooner Bermuda, and
again hoisted the Central American flag in the room
of the Mosquito.
In the New York stock market there was an
active demand for most descriptions of Government
and State stocks, and prices were well sustained.
The money market was easy at 7 per cent. for
prime business paper at three to four months.
Foreign exchange in good demand. Bills on LOn-
don (60 days), 109# to 109 - • Paris, 5.15 to 5.131. ;
Bremen
to 41#; Hamburgh, 36/ to 34 ,
Amsterdammen, 79 1. 41f
The cotton market was active, but without alter-
ation in price. The sales for the three days were
5,900 bales. Little or no change to notice in the
flour market ; the Europa's accounts had not pro-
duced any marked effect. A fair business had
been done in wheat, and holders were firm. Indian
corn had slightly declined, prices closing at 70c. to
72c. per bushel for white and yellow southern,
according to quality. Pig iron was firm, and sales
had been made at 35 dols., six months, and it was
afterwards held for 35
ddooisls.:
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eese pork hadul a
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Freights to London :—Tobacco, 255. ;
per 2801 b. , rosin, 4s. ; grain,
10,3 id. per bushel.
turpentine,prices. 3s. 6d..

LETTERS FOR AUSTRALIA.—The Post-office authorities;
have advertised that ship-letter bags will be made up for
Australia by the steamer Antelope, which will leave
Liverpool about the latter end of this month,