The Sun.
London, England, 1853-10-19 00:00:00

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the General Board of .
METROPOLIS.
Forewarning of the necessity of ____
m is the best means of obviating panic.— kle
On referring to the former visitations of cholera as
far as regards the metropolis, it appears that in 183;
th attacks were 14,144, and the deaths 6,729; the po-
pflation of London then being 1,681,641. In 1848-49
the attacks were about 30,000, and the deaths 14,601-;
the population at that time being 2,206,076. So that
in the epidemic of 1832 one person died in every 250 of
the inhabitants, or 4 per cent. ; whereas in 1848-9 one
person died in every 151 of the inhabitants, or 66 per
cent. The mortality, therefore, in 1832-3 was about
two-fifths less than in 1849—that is, about 5,800 more
persons perished of this epidemic in London in 1849
than in 1832.

i i)RicE SD.

The epidemic of 1832 commenced in London on Feb.
16, and ended Sept. 7, 1833, including a period of about
19 calendar months. But it appears that during this
period there was a cessation of-deaths for eight months,
so that there were in fact two epidemics, the first com-
mencing in February and lasting to November ; and
the second commencing in August and lasting to Sep-
tember, 1833. The epidemic came to its height in the
week ending July 27, when the deaths were 445, the
greatest weekly mortality recorded during that visita-
tion.

In the epidemic of 1848 the attack commenced in Sep-
tember, and the last death recorded in the return of the
registrar-general was in December, 1849, -so that the
whole progress of this epidemic occupied a period of 15
calendar months.

During the first six months, namely, from the end of
September, 1848, to the end of March, 1849, the disease
advanced progressively but irregularly, numbering in
the whole of this period 988 deaths. Daringthe follow-
ing months of April and May there was a lull in the
disease, the deaths sinking to one in some weeks, and
never in any week exceeding five ; but there was never,
as in 1832, a complete cessation of the disease, for there
was never a single week without at least one death.
In the month of May, the total number of deaths did
not exceed 13, but in- the first week of June they sud-
denly rose to 2, increasing in the last week of the month
to 124. From that period, the epidemic went on rapidly
and uninterruptedly, increasing till it came to its height
in the week ending Sept. 8, 1849, when the deaths toge-
ther, from cholera and diarhcea, amounted to 2,298.
From this time the disease declined, and ultimately
ceased, as has been stated, in December, 1849. There
was thus one epidemic, with two well marked periods,
the„first extending from. September to March, and the
second from June to December.

In the first of these periods the highest weekly mor-
tality was 94, namely, in the week ending Jan. 13, 1849,
affording during that period a hope of a comparatively
slight visitation ; but in the second period this hope was
previously disappointed, for the weekly mortality then
rose as high as 2,298 in the week ending Sept. 8.
The following table shows a considerable parallelisM
between the early progress of cholera in the metropolis
in 1848 and now in 1853. That progress is, however, in
almost every week more rapid now than it was in 1848 ;
and comparing the total number of deaths during the
whole of the 11 weeks with the number of deaths in the
corresponding weeks of 1848, it will be then seen that
the recent deaths have exceeded the former by nearly
one-third.
Death
eriod s from Cholera du
inring Deaths from Cholera during
a p of 11 weeks a corresponding period of
1853. 11 weeks in 1848.
Week ending Aug. 6 ... 4 Corresponding week 1848 19
PI
PP 13 ... 19
17
PP PP
20 ... 10 PP 7
PP 27 ... 18 PP PP 7
IP Sept. 3 ... 16 ~ PP 7
f,
10 ... 7 /I PP 6
17 ... 16 PP„ 7
PO 24 ... 29 ~ PP 4
PP PP Oct. 1 ... 48 II 13
~ PP 8 ... 66 ~ 30
15...45 PP ~ 45
IP

Total 278

Total 3 62

It will be thus further seen that the progress of ',the
epidemic has been much more rapid during the whole of
the present months than during the corresponding
period in 1848.

- It is remarkable, that gradual and slow as the pro-
gress of the disease has been in the metropolis in both
visitations, there have been in both sudden and violent
outbreaks in particular districts and localities. In 1848
it had scarcely appeared in the metropolis when in the
very beginning of October it attacked Edinburgh with
great violence, and spread in the course of a few days to
the neighbouring towns of Newhaven, Portobello, Loan-
head, and numerous other places in the vicinity. In the
beginning of November it attacked Glasgow, and subse-
quently a large number of manufacturing towns and
villages in Lanarkshire, Ayrshire, Dumfriesshire, and
other counties in the south and west of Scotland. Now
it has attacked with the like suddenness and with in-
creased violence the northern English towns.
The returns from the Metropolitan Commissioners of
Police give 18 cases of cholera and 8 deaths.
In the Millbank Penitentiary, where cholera was so
peculiarly fatal in 1848-49, as compared with the mor-
tality from the same cause in other metropolitan prisons,
there have been since the 24th August last nine cases of
cholera and three deaths, two of which occurred on the
14th inst.

NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.—DEATHS.—Oct. 15 Cho-
lera, 2 ; diarrlicea, 2.
The total number of deaths from cholera and diar-
rhoea in Newcastle during the present outbreak has been
1,505. In the same period (namely, the first 47 days)
during the prevalence of epidemic cholera in 1831-2, the
number of deaths was 290.

COLDINGELADL—Deaths—Oct. IG—Cholera, 2; diar-
rhoea, 3.

LUTON.—Death—Oct. 17—Cholera, 1.
GATESHEAD.—Deaths—Oct. 15—Cholera, 1 ; Oct. 17,
cholera, 2.

GATESHEAD (Heworth District).—Deaths—Oct. 15,
cholera, 3. Oct. 16, cholera, 5 ; diarrhoea, 2. Oct. 17,
cholera, 3 ; diarrhoea, 1.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

PORTSMOUTH, OCT. 18.
Another, and we believe a. final, trial of Sir T. Mit-
chell's boomerang propeller took place to-day on board
her Majesty's ship Conflict, at the measured mile in
Stokes Bay. The weather • was fine ; force of wind. 1.
The average speed of six runs was 9.913 knots per hour.
The average of the second and third runs was 10.076
knots. The attainment of 10 knots an hour, within a
small fraction, with so heavy a ship as the Conflict is
regarded as a convincing proof of the sound principle of
Mitchell's propeller, especially when it is remembered
that all the trials on board the Conflict have been made
with a mutilated boomerang to suit the construction of
that vessel. One-third at least of the working surface of
the boomerang has been sacrificed to this necessity. A
larger aperture than usually occurs in ships constructed
as at present is required for the full development of the
boomerang, on account of the great space which the
blade occupies in the direction of its axis.

'Her Majesty's steam-frigate PLYMOUTH oar 18
Magicienne,,l6, dai)ta. in
Thomas Fisher, arrived from Portsmouth on Sunday.
She called at Portland on the passage down. Her crew
will be paid wages here.
Bedding for 560 soldiers was sent yesterday from the
Royal William Victualling-yard to the Queen, 110,
Captain F. T. Mitchell, in the Sound. It is understood
she will convey detachments from three regiments in
Ireland to the Mediterranean. The crew of the Queen
is some 200 short of her full complement.
The screw corvette Desperate, 8, Captain W. W.
Chambers, is ordered to be fitted with all dispatch fur
the Mediterranean.
The crew of the steam-frigate Valorous, 16, Captain
Buckle, were paid wages yesterday in the Sound.
The foremast of the screw frigate Impdrieuse, 50,
Captain R. B. Watson, having been repaired, will be
put on board to-day.
The screw ship James Watt, 90, has received her
boilers and has been coppered. She was taken out of
dock on Monday.
The merchant screw steamer Ondine, Captain White,
from Dublin and Falmouth, reports that at 1 p.m. on
Sunday, lat. 50.56 N., long. 5.52 W., Longships
she fell in with the now ship David
abouts 2 mofilaesn'd from Liverpool for Bahia, with loss of
Harrison,
fore and wizen masts a week previous. Parted corn.
at 2 .m.,
weather fine; the ship had her,s
main.
anv P
sail set, with close-reefed maintopsait over it ; two small
spars for jurymasts had some light sails on them.

WOOLWICH OCT.Is.
APPOINTUENTS.

Chief Engineers.—William Anderson, from the Spite-
fulVopol al wddlewheel
the team Sloop,
of 280 horse power at
paddlewheel steam sloop,
from ich, tolldog
of 500
the horse power ,6,, at Portsmouth ; Allan M'lnnes,
Bulldog to the Spiteful. • Second-Masters.----William H. Searle (1848), from the
Tyne storeship, paid off yesterday at this port, to the
Fisgard flagship at Woolwich ; James Milton (1848),
from the St. George, 120, guardship of 'ordinary at De
vonport, to the Apollo troopship at Chatham.
Master's Assistant W. H. Hussey, to the President,
53, flag ship of Rear-Admiral David Price, for the
Pacific station.
Gunner Emanuel Piper to the Dauntless, 24, screw
steam frigate, of 580-horse power, at Portsmouth.
Boatswain Hodgson Browne, to the Dauntless.
Carpenters.—Joseph R. Foreman to the Dauntless ;
William Masson, to the Terrible paddlewheel steam
frigate, at Portsmouth ; acting-carpenter George Hare,
to the Hogue, 60, screw steam guardship at Devonport.
Mr. Henry Chatfield, assistant to the Master Ship-
wright at Woolwich Dockyard, to be Master Ship-
wright at Deptford Dockyard, vice Mr. Wilcox, super-
annuated.

A VALUABLE DONATION TO A NEWSPAPER.—
The Gazette des .11opitaux, one of the oldest medical
journals in France, has just received a donation of
10,000 f. a year, from a physician attached to one of
the hospitals in Paris, on condition-Ist, that the do-
nor's name shall be kept inviolably secret ; 2d, that
3,000 f. of the sum shall be employed in encouraging
the authors of useful and practical papers punished in
the Gazette; and, 3d, that the remaining 7,000 f. shall
htiosto ber y r
of
be employed in distributing copies of the Gazette to phy.
sicians or students who are too poor to pay the whole or
theall
time that
in t
hies
any part of the subscription, the simple declaration to
that effect of theapplicants being
first
quired. This is probably
the periodical press that a journal has been the object of
such munificence.