The Sun.
London, England, 1862-04-14 00:00:00

SOUTHEZN ITALY.

The following r,
-facial correspondence respecting
Southern Italy was issued on Saturday :
.No. I.—Cow,,m, BONHAM TO EARL RUSSELL.—
(RECEIVED JANUARY 29.)
Naples, Jan. 14, 1862.
My Lord,—l have the honour to report to your
lordship that this Country continues tranquil, and
the prospects of commerce for the new year appear
favourable. The produce of olive oil, the prinei•
pal and most valuable export from these provinces,
is ascertained to have been generally extremely
abwadant and of good quality. There some discon-
te-At that the duty on the exportation of this oil
from the Neapolitan provinces is retained, as in
other parts of Italy olive oil is not subject to such
export duty, but the impost is of old date, and the
revenue from it is so large that it has probably been
found unadvisable to give it up at once.
A change is being now made in the currency in
Naples and the provinces by the substitution of lire
for .the old Neapolitan currency of ducats and
grani. This, of course, occasions some temporary
inconvenience, which unfortunately is aggravated
by the circumstance that the Bank is not sufficiently
supplied with silver coin, and pays dividends, &c.,
in gold 20-franc pieces at a fixed rate, although
gold is not yet made a legal tender, and is not
readily current at the same rate. A petition from
the mercantile body on this subject has been sent
to Turin, and it may be supposed that gold will be
made a legal tender here as it is in other parts of
Italy.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) EDWARD WALTER BONHAM.
NO. 2.—CONS BONHAM TO EARL RUSSELL.—
(REMEITED FEBRUARY 25.)
Naples, February 10, 1862.
My have the honour to report to your
lordship that a demonstration took place here yes-
terday directed against the temporal power of the
Porgy. About 3,000 people assembled in the fore-
rAoon in the Palace-square with flags, and preceded
thence, in two divisions, to perambulate the city,
shouting "viva Vittorio Emmanuele !" " Abasso it
Papa-Re !" " Viva Garibaldi !'' and similar cries.
The weather was very unpropitious for any pro-
ceedings of the kind, violent and most heavy
showers of rain succeeding each other at short in-
tervals throughout the day ; and though a consi-
derable number of people were sufficiently enthusi-
astic to continue for hours to bear patiently the
drenching rain to which 'they were exposed, the
demonstration did not assume the proportions it
would otherwise undoubtedly have done. One
division of the procession, including a great number
of well-dressed people and priests and monks,
stopped in passing opposite the French consulate,
and also opposite this consulate, cheering the re-
spective countries, and vociferating strenuously,
4‘ Viva Vittorio Emmanuele in Campidoglia !" &c.
The other division, including, I presume, a large
proportion of the Nicoterists, or party of action,
-whose discontent at the continued occupation of
Rome by French troops is more openly declared,
passed up the Toledo, tearing down or effacing
every placard on which appeared the words " Viva
'lmperatore de' Francesi," of which a number had
been stuck up in the course of the morning.
I enclose a report of the proceedings from one of
the evening journals. All passed off without inter-
ference on the part of the Government, and without
any serious disturbance.
There can be no doubt the feeling of this people
is daily becoming more and more hostile to the Pope,
whom they are learning to look upon as the chief
opponont of the settlement and tranquillity of the
country. In September, 1860, Padra Gavazzi first
preached in the Palace-square in this city against
the Pope King, and his remarks were received with
applause ; since that time the feeling then aroused
has continued to gain strength, and the supporters
of the temporal power have greatly diminished.
Nothing could be so detrimental to the influence of
the Papacy, whether in its spiritual or temporal
character, as being constantly quoted and looked
upon as the one principal obstacle to the prosperity
and consolidation of Italy.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) EDW. WALTER BONHAM.
Inclosure in No. 2.

Extract from a Neapolitan Newspaper.
(Translation.)
As we had already announced yesterday, this
morning an imposing demonstration against the
temporal power of the Popes, and that Rome might
return to Italy as its capital, took place.
From the early morning all the Toledo was
adorned with flags bearing inscriptions alluding to
the circumstance. Although the weather was cold
and rainy, Toledo was also crowded by people.
About mid-day the demonstration, composed of all
classes of citizens, divided itself into two sections ;
very numerous one with flags at its head traversed
the Toledo; the other, much larger, went to the
house of the French Consul. It was an imposing
spectacle, and contrasted strangely with the asser-
tions of Cardinal Antonelli relative to the senti-
ments of the Italian people. Here were not a few
individuals, but an immense crowd composed of
every class, of every rank, of persons, without
exception ; the Liberal clergy figured everywhere.
In the section which traversed the Toledo the
following inscriptions were legible on a great na-
tional flag; " Long live the Pope !" " Down with
the temporal power!" "Long live Victor Em-
manuel IL in the Campidoglio !" "Long live Gari-
baldi !" in addition to which otheipapers were seen
affixed to the walls of the Toledo, and on the flags
which flew about from the houses with these words :
" Long live the Pope not King !" " Long live Italy
with its King in the Campidoglio !" " Long live
France with its Emperor !" That portion of the
demonstration which went to the French Consul-
General's house, and which was, we must say, the
greatest portion, had also its flags with the same
inscriptions ; but traversed with a band at its head
the entire Toledo, and stopped at the square of the
Plebiscite before the Foresteria Palace; there the
usual cheers, the same acclamations, but the prefect
not appearing at the balcony the crowd went to-
wards St. Lucia and stopped under the windows of
the French Consulate. To the reiterated cries of
"Long live the Emperor !" "Long live France !"
" Long live the French people !" " Long live Victor
Emmanuel in the capital!" "Down with the Pope
Ring !" The French Consul appeared at the win-
dow to thank the people. As the crowd stopped
there some.time shouting, so the consul courteously
went out on the balcony many times also with his
lady.

After the manifestation at the French Consulate
had terminated, the crowd also went to the house
of the British Consul. There were also clamorous
11.11_,,d. continuous cries of " Long live England !"
Afterwards the demonstration returned towards
the Toledo, and dispersed tranquilly little by little,
so thatln
thetsooatnlthe slightest accident was tobe deplored.
tranquillityernt. in which we write the most perfect
the imposing
everywhere. Moreover, as an
appendix to
imposing demonstration, the follow-
cinovgeprerdotwesittt circulating in our city. It is already
thousandsthousands of signatures, and it con-
tinues to be signed
the Holy Father ht 0,71,41- This is its tenor, "If
_. broken with
en with the Cabinet of
Turin, he finds him
selfinezcellent relations with
the Italian people.--Cardinal
tonelli."
" Down with the Pope-xing4l:l,
The Italian "Long live Rome,
. People: jealous guar-
capital of Italy !"
dian of its dignity and of its sacred
ts, protests
strongly against the words of eardnitg_h,
41 Antonelli,
and declares :

1. That the above-named cardinal is
guilty of
calumny against the nation.
2. That the Italian people is one with the ac,_
v Lroment in wishing all Italy to belong to the
Italians, and in overthrowing the greatest obstacle
to uur unity—the temporal power of the Popes.
3. And that it will cease to fight against the
Popedom only when Italy shall be recognised in
Rome, its legitimato capital.
No. 3.—Stn J. HUDSON TO EARL RUSSELL.—