The Sun.
London, England, 1862-09-25 00:00:00

POLAND.

(PROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
WARSAW, SEPT. 18.
The course pursued by
,he Government here to-
wards the Poles appears to be prelsinant with mdentimminent danger. Whilst it qualifies the
though somewhat mistaken patriotism of the Polish
youth as criminal, and punishes it with the gallows,
it equally disregards the moderate aspirations of
those who are ready to avail themselves of any op-
portunity conducive to the general good of the
country ; and these latter forming the majority of
the nation, and, above all, being the fiscal and social
order, yet, do what you can, you will find the Rus-
sian Government, as ever, tyrannical and deceitful.
But a short time ago the Russian organs in Ger-
many and Belgium made the ears of the European
public ring with a description of a red party in Po-

land only thirsting for blood, and inciting the Poles
to wipe off the blot with which the annals of their
history have been stained, :Apparently unmindful of
the fact that the generality .of the people, so far
from approving of violent and bloody means, are
characterised by good sense and moderation. Were
the Government oLly to respect such feelings, bow
much misery and oppression could be avoided; but
no difference is. made between one and the other,
and the best men of the country are sacrifices: to
satisfy the spite and ambition of a few members of
the Government.

An event illustrative of these remarks, and one
the result of which can hardly be fureseen, is now
the minds of the people to the highest
pitch. It will be recollected that after the trial and
execution of the three young boys for attempts on
the lives of the Grand Duke Constantine and the
Marquis Wielopolski, an appeal was issued by the
former to the Poles, entreating them not to suffer
their history and love for fatherland to be sullied
by sanguinary acts, but to follow the path of duty
by supporting his Imperial Highness in
carrying out the benevolent intentions of the
Emperor. To impress the more this injunction
upon the public, the Grand Duke Constantine, fully
aware of the respect and attachment entertained by'
the people for Count Andrew Zamoyski, and the
great influence which that distinguished nobleman
exercises over them, had summoned him to his pre-
sence. In an interview, which lasted a consider-
able time, the Grand Duke blamed the Count for
refusing his powerful support to the Government,
land inquired what could be done to satisfy the
wishes of the country. The Count replied with
respect, but firmness, that he had no authority to
speak in the name of the nation, that he should have
first to consult his countrymen upon the subject ;
but, as an individual, he was bound to tell his Im-
perial Highness that nothing short of the full resti-
tution of ancient and national rights, and of a Go-
vernment entirely composed of the Poles, could in
any way appease the present discontent of the
people. He added that the present Government
inspired no confidence in the country, and it was
so much of a Russian Government, that even the
Emperor himself was unable to accomplish
any of his promised ameliorations ; in fact,
he said in plain words, that in Russia
the Emperor is one and his ministers another, and
by far a stronger authority. It was not to be sup-
posed that such bold, albeit very palpable truths
could please his Imperial Highness's palate, and he
reproached the Count in a rather angry tone, with.
being partial and obstinate, and intimated that he
should concert with his countrymen and elicit the
real sentiments of the nation. Count Zamoyski lost
no time in acting on the suggestion, and dispatched
a circular to the wealthiest and most influential
landowners, mostly late members of the Agrioul-
tural Society dissolved last year, in consequence of
which more than 300 signed an address to the
Count, embodying in it the requirements and the
wishes of the country, and requesting him to be
the interpreter of them before his Imperial High-
ness. This Count Zamoyski failed not to do,
hoping to receive soon a favourable answer. But
what was his surprise when on the 16th inst. in
the morning he found his palace surrounded by the
police, and an order handed to him by Generals
Poluggi and Babutow to proceed to the
Grand Duke Constantine's palace in Bol-
vediere. On arriving there, in company of
Gen. Babutow, he was informed by the Grand
Duke, who, by the bye, encouraged him to act as
he did, that he (the Count) must account for ha 4
conduct to the Emperor himself, and two hours
later he was in a railway carriage, and conveyed,
under a military escort, to the capital of the Czars.
Those who witnessed his departure from horns state
it to be one of the most tender nature—wife, chil-
dren, and friends vied one with another in taking ark
affectionate, and perhaps a last glance of this great
and noble victim of Russian treachery and cruelty.
He himself looked calm and serene, conscious of
having done his duty as a Pole and an enlightened
patriot, having no other motive but to serve the,
best interests of his country.
It is, indeed, astonishing how impolitic, nay, hoW
stupid, the Government are to attack a man so pre-
eminently a man of order, who, with an unexam-
pled patriotism, possesses abilities and re,.sources
which he always devoted to the public good, and
who, in moments of trouble and of danger, lc"
sought after by the Czar's Government to act as
mediator between the Emperor and the nations, a
most delicate mission, which he always effected to
the satisfaction of both parties. The loss, in thrill
instance, is more on the side of the Government ;
for, near or far from his native land, Count Andrea
Zamoyski shall never cease to live in the grateful
hearts of his countrymen, and to whom his life will
always remain an illustrious and abiding example'
The following is the address above referred to V.'
" The misfortunes which have weighed down Polaod
with a rigour unexampled in history, by crushing her poli-
tical existence, have failed either to weaken the spirit of
the nation or to corrupt or efface in her the sentiment of
her historic mission. This sentiment has grown by sacri-
fice, sufferance, and faith in the future, and in solemn mo-
ments the voice of the national conscience is raised to de-
mand that the ancient laws and liberties of Poland may
be restored to her. Last year, in an Address to the Em-
peror, the country had already made ciemands for their
rights, and the inhabitants called together for the election
of municipal and district councils, presented ut that time to
the viceroy of the Emperor a emoir signed"
by 20,000
persons, in which they declared that a national representa-
tion, proceeding from free election, and free in its (Wiens'
sion, could alone express the real wants of the country', and
that the institutions granted by the Government were far
from meeting those wants, and could not prevent tl3.°
troubles which were manacing the nation. The declarat:oll
of the state of siege prevented the sending of this manor t•
No satisfaction was given to the inhabitants, whiel
brought about results that everyone might have anticipated.
We are now anxious to respond to the proclamation of the
Grand Duke Constantine, and to prevent the conutrr,
from " precipitating herself into an abyss without issue',
Assembled from the different provinces of Poland, fuit''
in the absence of a legal organ, we have come to you, ems'
in order that, as the representative and interpreter "`
the nation's spirit, you may make known to his for'
perial highness our wants and aspirations, which we 0,11
not longer suppress, and which we wish to proclaim'
loudly before the entire world. We do riot refuse out
concurrence in the formation of new institutions ; vie
feel ourselves bound only to declare that the measure"
put in force up to the present time in the country hal
excited the minds of the people to such a degree, 01!
neither military force, nor exceptional tribunals, nor pri''
sons, nor transportations, nor the scaffold, can put thefts
down; but, on the contrary, will provoke an excessive et"'
asperation, which will urge the nation upon a path equallf
fatal to governors and governed. As Poles, we canncA
sustain the Government unless that Government be Polishr
and until all the provinces which compose the country
shall be united together and enjoy a constitution and free
institutions. 1.1 his proclamation, the Grand Duke hull'
self has respected and understood our attachment to oil
country. Now this attachment cannot be divided, an
.
if we love our country we must love it entire in the 11100
which God has given it and which history has c 033130-
crated."

PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS AT BRADFORD.---111::
Bradford corporation has lately sanctioned a plan of street
improvements which is estimated to cost £35,000, and it
proposed to borrow this sum on security of the rates of 111_,
borough, and to spread the repayment of it over a period °•
30 years. Proceedings are to be taken in November neStf
under the 76th section of the Local Government Act, ISO,
for the purpose of effecting the improvements. Wareb.ol
property in the town has already been decidedly enhancei
in value by the resolution of the corporation. A PilenGld
buildings occupied by one firm (Messrs. Craven) was °'"ij
by auction last week for the sum of £15,005, being sever
thousand pounds more than was offered for the same cryn
perty four years ago.
THE GLASGOW MURDER,—The excitement i°
somewhat allayed, although everything is being done
some parties to continue and propagate it. The feeling o'4
gains ground that the unhappy woman's sentence sh°lll...A
be commuted, although the foundation on which it is balimto
is not easily understood or stated. Her counsel and agells
have despatched to Sir George Grey, the Home SecretsrP;
a memorial praying that her case may be taken into earns.s
'ration. They have also forwarded a copy of grtl°
consiu._
thereanent,
mr/whjau,s qatement, and a copy of her agent's le ha
Some influential and huma:l.,,e,
assertions made therein.
with tn.: necessary affidavits to substantiate
tlemen in the city are also prep- tabs
a ne t it ion
habitants, to tl '
It ,site
bSecretary
bfeorregde tit
he raatl
isnign;lrtus.reMilLachlan',s statement
t
mentioned that when she was going in search pf spin
ttve;
pri
the fatal night she observed a Mrs. Walker standing
dt, so
close mouth. That woman has been applied to,
ciel. is its
believe, she corroborates the, assertion, a fact whi Ja.rariit
favour of the truthfulnesl of this last statement. 41()
~British