The Sun.
London, England, 1862-11-28 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENI

earnest the cats lope would vie, we are I
persuaded, with that of the Princely and
Noble Subscribers to the Relief Fund : would
eclipse it, in truth, if regarded from the point of
view especially realizing to the observer the diffi-
culty of the position occupied by the millowners.
Everything considered we cannot but regard the
millowners as a body as having been very grievously
traduced. Some amongst them, doubtless, have
not acted altogether as they ought to h,,,ve acted
under the circumstances. Yet for the course pursued
by these even, there might doubtless be found some
dalliating or extenuating consideratio They
are all for the time being under immense disadvan-
tages. In spite of which disadvantages, men like
the Messrs. FINLAY and the Messrs. M'GREGOR so
acquit themselves of the new duties and responsi-
bilities devolving upon them from the existing emer-
gency, that they transform a bitter trial into a
golden opportunity. If they cull not " the flower
safety from the nettle danger," they indisputably
draw from the ordeal of the Cotton Famine an
honourable and ennobling reputation for benevo-

REIGN, sworn to govern constitutionally, plainly
says two things—one, that constitutional rights
are not to be used if he objects to the use of them,
the other that he knows better than all the people
and their representatives. He obviously thinks
himself the Prussian "SOLOMON." Yet this in-
fatuated man is threatening two other monarchs
for not governing constitutionally ! The ELECTOR
of Hesse and the KING of Denmark are both called
to account by the man who tramples on his own
constitution for not governing constitutionally in
Hesse and in Schleswig.

The Emperor of AUSTRIA, of all people in the
world, is the one to teach his Prussian Majesty
Constitutionalism. It is but his due, and that of
his chief Minister too, to confess that, with all their
pride, and Baron SCHMERLING is said to be a very
proud man, they have acted with honour. They
may not have offered so large a pecuniary reduction
as the Chamber would have preferred; but we, in
England, are so accustomed to the compromise, or
rather what we express by the give and take"
policy, that we look with pleasure on a considerable
pecuniary concession by an Austrian Government
to its recently constructed Parliament. There is
this, too, to be said, that the Austrian monarch has
more obvious need for the largest possible
army than he of Prussia. While Italy and Hun-
gary are to be retained on their present footing

—and the Chamber upholds that policy—and
while Italy is avowedly arming to be able as soon
as possible to conquer the liberties of Venetia, while
Russia is unfriendly, and France capricious, Aus-
tria has good reason, 6$ Monarchs view things, to
keep the largest possible army. Yet Austria is the
Government to set an example of army reduction to
Prussia—the Government which has no present
occupation for an army at all, which can employ
one only in an unrighteous war with Denmark.
We can only express our hope that all these
budget proceedings on the Continent will be in-
terpreted right both by our ministers and our
representatives. If all Parliaments, including
even the sham Parliament of France, are awaken-
ing to the necessity of Budget Reform ; if the
Emperors both of FRANCE and AUSTRIA are accept-

ing
the necessity of Reform; if an obstinate old
Divine Right Dunce is the only opposing party—
we ought to understand the meaning of all.
Armies and armaments will be reduced abroad, and
England, which has so muoh scope for doing so,
must promptly follow.

AUSTRALIAN CO7 TON,

TO THE EDITOR 01 THE BUN.

SlR,—Permit me, through your paper, to inform
the public that I have this day paid to the bankers,
Messrs. Heywood, £ll3 10s. 61, the proceeds of
three samples of Queensland cotton,weighing 4911 b.,
presented by the commissioner of that colony, Mr.
M. H. Marsh, M.P., to the relief fund of this dis-
trict, and bought by Messrs. A. and G. Murray, of
this city, at 45., 4s. 6d., and ss. per pound, accord-
ing to the three qualities. Surely our trade will
believe facts, and upon such evidence make efforts
to procure all classes of the most beautiful cotton
where it can be abundantly produced—viz., in
Australia.—Faithfully yours,
THOMAS BAZLEY.
Hayesleigh, Manchester, Nov. 26.

BANKRUPTCIES THIS YEAR.—It appears that the
number of bankruptcies gazetted in the first 10 months of
1862 was 7,924, as compared with 1,123, the average for
the 10 years ending Dec. 31, 1861. Of the 7,924 gazetted,
493 occurred in the Liverpool district, as compared with 79
in the preceding 10 years; 548 in the Manchester district,
as compared with 89 in the preceding 10 years; 1,136 in
the Birmingham district, as compared with 156 in the pre-
ceding 10 years; 879 in the Leeds district, as 'compared
with 105 in the preceding 10 years ; 776 in the Bristol dis-
trict, as compared with 68 in the preceding 10 years; 325
in the Exeter district, as compared with 42 in the preced-
ing 10 years ; 263 in the Newcastle district, as compared
with 36 in the preceding 10 years; and 3,1304 in the metro-
politan district, as compared with 04.13 in the preceding 10
years. The increase is of course attributable to the opera-
tion of the recent Bankruptcy Act; nevertheless, the aug-
mentation is surprising. In the Liverpool district it
amounted to 52405 per cent., in the Manchester district to
515.73 per cent., in the Birmingham district to 628.20 per
cent., in the Leeds district to 737.14 per cent., in the Bris-
tol district to 1,04117 per cent., in the Exeter district to
673.81 per cent., in the Newcastle district to 63055 per
cent,, and in the metropolitan district to 539.41 per cent.
SMITHFIELD CLUB CATTLE SHOW.—Last evening
the Agricultural Hall at Islington was fully lighted for the
purpose of testing the efficiency of the illumination, which
has been very considerably increased beyond the original
intention. So vast is the space that although the central
area was lighted by 14 very large gaseliers of 48 lights each,
and 48 smaller ones of 24 lights each, while throwing a
very beautiful glow over the whole building, they were
found inadequate, and not only have additional circlets been
suspended at intervals all round the galleries, but each
alternate standard throughout the central and side avenues
has been furnished with a spray of six lights, thus render.
ing the illumination very effective. The central promenade,
which is 23 feet wide, is now thoroughly finished, the
ground being of the very finest concrete, which whilst it
combines all the smoothness and solidity of stone, possesses
properties with regard to warmth and comfort to the feet,
especially for ladies which in the latter material is wanting.
The implements were arriving throughout the day in rapid
succession, and Wednesday next, the 3d December, is the
last day appointed for every specimen of the many hundred
entered for exhibition to be arranged in their places. Not-
withstanding the fact that room has been afforded for some
hundreds of stands more than could be provided in the
galleries of the Baker-street Bazaar, applications for addi-
tional space pour in daily, which it is utterly impossible to
accommodate. The directors of the various railway com-
panies have entered into the matter this year with more
than usual liberality, and during the show week, com-
mencing from Saturday, the 6th, and continuing to Satur-
day, the 13th December, trains will be run from all parts
of the kingdom to the various metropolitan termini at Ex-
hibition excursion fares. The London General and other
Omnibus proprietors have also made arrangements to run
from every part of the metropolis direct to the Agricul-
tural Hall.

FATAL OCCURRENCE ON THE LONDON, CHAT-
HAM, AND Dove& RAILWAY.---Yesterday morning infor-
mation was received by Mr. Bedford, the coroner for West-
minster, of the death of John Cooper, aged 25, who resided
at 16, Addington-street, York-road, Lambeth. The de-
ceased, a painter, was in the employ of Messrs. Lucas and
Co., builders, and engaged at work at the Brixton Station,
on the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway. While
standing upon a scaffold only a few feet from the ground,
he missed his footing and fell, pitching on his head. In
an insensible condition he was at once conveyed to West-
minster Hospital, where he was received, and promptly
attended to by Mr, Arthur Beadles, the house surgeon.
The unfortunate man was bleeding copiously from the nose
and ears, and expired in about a quarter of an hour, his
skull being frightfully fractured. The body awaits an in-
quest.
SCOTTISH HOSPITAL.—The St. Andrew's-day
festival of this ancient corporation will be celebrated at the
Freemasons' Tavern, on Monday next. On the stewards'
list we observe the names of many of the most distinguished
of living Scotchmen, among whom may be mentioned the
Dukes of Buccleuch and Argyll, Field•Marshai Lord Clyde,
Thomas Carlyle, Esq., Sir Archibald Alison, Bart., &c.
During the last twelve months we understand this excel-
lent charity has been the means of affording pensions to
137 aged persons, and relieved upwards of 150 cases of dis -
tress in each month, and defrayed passages to Scotland, the
whole amounting to £1,949 14s. 10d. The school fees, cost
of books, &c., of above 140 poor children have been paid
from the school fund. Nearly £2,000, in pensions, have
also been paid to more than 400 disabled soldiers and
sailors, from the Kinloch bequest.

The Central Committee of the Belgian Chamber
of Deputies has declared in favour of the bill for a literary
and artistic convention between that country and Russia.
According to it, Belgian authors would possess in Russia,
and Russian authors in Belgium, an absolute right over
their works during their own lives, with transmission to
their heirs for ten or twenty years, as may be decided. The
abolition of all duty at the frontiers will also be stipulated.
ANOTHER GAROTTINU CASE.—On Sunday even-
ing a most brutal attack was made upon Mr. Girvan, a re-
porter, from the effects of which he is at present confined
to his bed. He states that while passing, about 7 o'clock
in the evening, from \Vbitefriars into Dorset-street, he was
followed by three men, one of whom spoke to him. Upon
turning round he received a terrific blow from some blunt
instrument, which rendered him insensible. He was foundin that state by the police and conveyed to St. Bartholomew's
Hospital, where his wounds were dressed, and he was con-
ducted to his home at 11 at night, when he became conscious.
A lat ge steam horse transport, called the Sarthe,
was lately launched at Cherbourg,