The Sun.
London, England, 1862-10-20 00:00:00

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THE STJN, LONDON, MONDAY EVEN! G, OCTOBER 20, 1862,

bell, chairman of the comdany, the turf was cut by Lady
Campbell. At the luncheon which followed congratulatory
speeches were made by Mr. Campbell Swinton, the Earl of
Haddington, Sir H. Campbell, Mr. Hodgson (chairman of
the North British Railway), and others.

7HE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA.

tahfeeTtoimbees:
ieCvoerrienspaonde
never(-Pran
NEW YORK, OCT. 7.
As it is
"victory"nt) when
announced by telegraphic despatches that have fil-
tered through the War office rt
Washington, and
still more unsafe to believe in it when described to
be "glorious and overwhelming" by the New York
press, there have been considerable doubts as to the
true character of the engagement that took place
on Saturday last between the Confederate forces
under Generals Price, Van Dorn, and Lovell, and a
portion of the Federal army under General Rose-
crane, on the old battle-ground of Corinth. General
Ulysses Grant, dating from his head-quarters at
Jackson, in Tennessee, 70 miles and upwards from
Corinth, telegraphs to General Halleck, on the
authority of General Rosecrans, that the Confede-
rates were the attacking party, that they were re-
pulsed with great loss, and that Rosecrans captured
between 700 and 1,000 prisoners, besides the
wounded that were left on the field. He adds
the information which as invariably forms a por-
tion of a Federal despatch as the date or the signa-
ture of the writer, "-that, although the loss is serious
on the Federal side, it bears no comparison with
that of the enemy." A second despatch from the
same officer would lead to the inference that the
Confederates were still unsubdued, although re-
pulsed. "At this distance," he says, " everything
looks most favourable, and I cannot see how the
enemy are to escape without losing everything but
their small arms. I have strained everything to
take into the fight an adequate force, and to get
them to the right place." Thus, according to
General Grant, the place, the force, and the result
are still unknown. In the meantime it is idle to
speculate on either, or to exult, as the New York
journals do, over a victory which may not have
been won ; or which, if won, may prove to be un-
decisive.

Mr. Lincoln, who has a high sense of his own
responsibility for the doings of his Generals, if not
for those of his Ministers, has made an unusually
long visit to General M'Clellan to satisfy himself
that all is right on the Upper Potomac. The tele-
graph has informed him daily, for the last fort-
night, that all is quiet on that stream ; but as the
army might be too quiet for efficiency, he appears to
have resolved to see with his own eyes whether it
were in working order, and whether M'Clellan were
as much to be trusted as he himself believed, con-
trary to the opinion of some, if not most, of his
Ministers, and of other prominent persons who take
him by the button-hole. At his return, at 10 o'clock
on Saturday night, from a visit of two days and two
nights to the camp, he immediately summoned his
War Secretary; and on Sunday morning he con-
vened a Council of Ministers that remained in close
deliberation for five hours. It seems to be the im-
pression that he has again been "putting his foot
down " upon M'Clellan and keeping it down, as if
he were very much in earnest, and not at all knead-
able by the extraneous agencies that desire to mould
him to purposes not his own. He is reported to be
entirely satisfied with what he saw and heard,
though he was by no means satisfied with the re-
ported state of matters when he left Washington.
Certainly the cordial good feeling that subsists be-
tween the General and the army—so different from I
the bickerings, animosities, and personal jealousies
with which he himself has to do battle evezy day,
must have come upon his jaded senses so pleasantly
as a breath of fresh air in the face of a convalescent.
It is no secret that General M'Clellan has more
enemies and possibly more friends than any man in
America, and that the most vigorous and open, as
well as the most insidious and secret means are
daily employed to deprive him of command. The Abo-
litionist secretaries of the President, and the Aboli-
tionist party in general, distrust or hate him ; and
all the Generals who think they could fill his place
if they had the chance shrug their shroulders at the
mention of his name : speak of him as a " mole," or
an "engineer," magnify his reverses, deny or qualify
his victories, and predict that no great blow will or can
be struck at the rebellion until he be superseded.
The President, however, though apparently shaken
at times, remains true to M'Clellan as the needle to
the pole. He oscillates a little to the right or the
left, as the influence of an Abolitionist supporter
or a rival General may cause him to deflect ; but
ultimately he settles in the old place, and his last
visit to the camp appears to have fixed him more
firmly than ever. Gen, M'Clellan has one great
merit which cannot fail to have recommended him
to the favourable consideration of a man so bad-
gered as the President. He never complains, and
never attempts to throw upon others the blame of
his own misfortunes, errors, or shortcomings. He
has been compared by his admirers to the first Na-
paleon, but he has somewhat more resemblance to
the third, whose favourite maxim it is that " Le
monde vient rt. celui qui sail se taire." M'Clellan not
only holds his tongue, but knows how to hold it,
which is the great point in such difficulties as those
by which he is surrounded, and which he hopes to
overmaster, perhaps in a mode more conducive to
the satisfaction of a people who value empire more
than liberty than to those of such a people as the
Americans were in the days of that old and no
longer regarded patriot George Washington.
During the President's visit, he accompanied
Gon. M'Clellan and his staff to the city of Frederick,
in Maryland, recently occupied by the Confederate
General Lee in his abortive invasion of that State.
Mr. Lincoln was received with the enthusiasm
which the people of all countries exhibit towards
the master of strong battalions, and which the 1
people of this particular city were not lukewarm
in displaying to the Confederate leader when they
believed him to be the strongest. Having entered a
house where General Hartsuff, who was wounded
at the battle of Antietam, lay on a bed of suffering,
to make inquiries after the health of the invalid,
the crowd on his return cheered him lustily and
called for a speech. Ho complied after a slight
exhibition of reluctance, and spoke as follows
according to the telegraphic despatch published on
the following day (Sunday, the sth) :
" In my present position it is hardly proper for
me to make speeches. Every word is so closely
noted that it will not do to make foolish ones, and
I cannot be expected to be prepared to make a
sensible one. If I were as I have been most of my
life, I might perhaps talk nonsense to you for half
an hour and it wouldn't hurt anybody. As it is,
I can only return thanks for the compliment paid
our cause. Please accept my sincere thanks for the
compliment of our common country."
Two words and one sentence in the above are
italicised for the purpose of pointing attention to the
fact that the reporter must either have maliciously
misreported the speech, or that the President must
have friends in the press who are careful of his fame,
and do not wish him to be made responsible for
unwise utterances, even if he made them. In all
the papers of Monday three alterations were made,.
For the word " foolish" was substituted " trivial;
for "sensible," matured;" and in the phrase "If I
were as I have been most of my life, I might per-
haps talk nonsense to you for half an hour, and itwouldn't hurt anybody," the word
"nonsense''
omitted, and " amusing" put in its place. a
change was effected with some
damage to the gram-
mar,in
mar, though, doubtless, with improvement
an-
other respect. Those who are most intimately ac-
quainted with the President believe the original
report was the correct one. The people, however,
were not so satisfied with the
speech, whichever
ot to desire a longer
and at the railroad
va
ne ids imo no
roef
matured"b e
orationns
station Mr. Lincoln was
again called upon. In a
happier effort of
oratory he thanked the army for
its services
e s
a andate same he
people for their support, and
expressed
time the hope that the
sert
"Union
anymight last for a thousand generations !" If
will take the trouble to turn to the first
chapter o
f the 4, Gospel according to St. Matthew,"
one

---.--.-e".-..-.-G-z_

that the enrolment is not completed, and that no
commissioners to superintend the draughting or hear
claims of exemption ha\ c been appointed, and can-
not be within the time apecified. Yet General
M'Clellan is greatly in want of reinforcements, d
New York owes the Federal Government 40,000 men
under the two calls. me State of Maine resortLd
to the draught to fill up its second quota, but gene-
rously allowed the men draughted, 5,000 in num-
ber, to call themselves volunteers, and receive the
bounty money. Massachusetts, the roads of which
were to swarm with volunteers as soon as an edict
of emancipation was issued, has not arnt twenty
men to the field since the proclamation was pub-
lished, and remains in arrear, under the two calls,
of no less than 19,080 men. The other New Eng-
land States have come nearer to the mark ; but
Massachusetts is so very warlike in Fanueil Hail
and in print, and has so very warlike and tre-
mendous a Governor, that people who arc not habi •
tually ill-natured aro compelled to admit that she
barks inure than she bites, and would rather 6570
the Union by unyley and by speeches than by hard
fighting.

'File Post-office Department has raised into pro-
minence once again the vexed and vexatious ques-
tion of a small currency. When silver first went
up to the moderate premium of 4 per ccnt.—it is
now at 17—Congress, to prevent the issue of " shin-
plaster," passed an Act legalizing postage-stamps as
a currency. It necessarily followed that, in passing
from hand to hand, such fragile little articles would
be more or less worn, soiled, or defaced, and to meet
with a perfectly clean one, unless procured directly
from the Post-office, was in a few days a sheer im-
possibility. Last week the Post-offiee issued a noti-
fication refusing to forward any letters that had
other than perfectly clean stamps on them. The
whole press of the city was up in arms immediately.
The order was declared to amount to the repudia-
tion of three millions of dollars—the amount of
stamps believed to be in circulation. The Post-
office, however, refused to rescind its decree, and it
wss proposed in the Common Council of the city of
New York that the municipality should take the
matter in hand, and provide the people with small
change, either in the shape of a greatly alloyed
silver currency, too worthless intrinsically to com-
mand a premium from bullion dealers, or in that of
small notes, issued on the credit of the municipality.
Under these circumstances Mr. Chase forgot for a
little while his projects for the abolition of slavery,
and devoted his exclusive attention to the abolition
of silver as a circulating medium, and discovered,
after consultation with his printers, that he could
supply currency notes for five cents and upwards at
a much greater speed than had hitherty been em-
ployed. He has promised to put on extra steam
for the parpose, so that the postage stamps may be
immediately withdrawn from circulation as money ;
but he has not promised to exchange such as have
been soiled or defaced in their legal use as a currency,
and which the Post-office refuses to redeem, which he
clearly ought:to do if he would keep faith with the
people. The Post-office may be perfectly right, but it
is Mr. Chase's business to assume the responsibility
caused by the lathes of the Treasury Department.
If a Bank-note,for three cents, or for three dollars,
were to be generally declared uncurrent or worth-
less because it was soiled or dirty, it would amount
to the repudiation of nine-tenths of all the paper
money of America—a st ate of affairs to which the
republic is not yet reduced—and which Mr.:Chase,
as guardian of its financial honour, is officially
hound to guard against, in small things as well as
in great. If the soiled postage-stamps be not ex-
changed for postage currency, the refusal will be
the repudiation of a legal debt, whatever may be
urged to the contrary.

OCT. 8.
P.S.—The battle of Corinth was renewed on Sun-
day. The Federals claim a complete victory.

WILLS AND BEQUESTS.

(From the Illustrated London News.)
The will of the most noble Mary, Duchess Dowa-
ger of Buckingham and Chandos, relict of the late
duke, and daughter of the first Marquis of Bredal-
bane, K.T., was administered to in the London
Court of Probate by her son, the present Duke of
Buckingham, the sole executor nominated in the
will, which bears date November, 1855, by which
the testatrix disposes of the property she inherited
from the estates of her father, and over which she
had a right of disposition according to the order of
the Court of Session in Scotland, to her only son,
subject to a small bequest to her only daughter,
who, under the clause for younger children, is other-
wise provided for.

The will of John Lewis, of Tilney-street, Park-
lane, was proved in the London Court under
£300,000 personalty by the trustees and executors
—Sir Charles Locock, Bart. (the testator's son-in-
law), Alexander Trotter, Esq.; James Bury Capel,
Esq. ; and Charles Brodie Locock, Esq , the testa-
tor's grandson. The, will was executed in 1859,
and a codicil in 1861. The testator has made ample
provision for his two daughters, and has directed
that the residue of his property, real and personal,
shall be divided into five parts of equal value,
leaving to each of his five grandsons an equal por-
tion. There is a legacy of £lOO left to the fund for
decayed members of the Stock Exchange, to be paid
free of duty.

The will of Alexander Giovanni Cassavetti, Esq.,
of Porchestor-terrace, and of New Broad-street,
merchant, was proved in London by three of the
executors, namely, Michael Spartali, of Gresham
House ; Constantine Geralopulo, Esq., of Pm-
bridge-gardens ; and Euterp Cassavetti, the relict;
power being reserved to Sophocles Constantinides,
Esq., of New Broad-street, and of Alexandria, in
Egypt, merchant, to prove hereafter. The per-
sonalty in this country was sworn under £lBO,OOO.
The will bears date January, 1862, and there are
two codicils, executed in February and March fol-
lowing. To his relict the testator has left an abso-
lute sum of /10,000, together with an annuity of
£5OO and a share of the residue of his entire pro-
perty for her life, giving her a power, with direc-
tions, to leave some portions thereof to her own re-
lations. The residue of his property he leaves to
be equally divided between his son and two daugh-
ters. The testator has also given directions to his
trustees that, upon the decease of his widow, a
certain portion of the share of the residue enjoyed
by her shall be applied for philanthropic purposes
in Greece and Thessaly—the latter being his native
country.

ANOTHER ROMAN CATHOLIC Grant, "Bishop of Southwark PASTORAL.—Dr.
," has issued the following
letter to the clergy of his diocess :—" Rev. and dear Sir,--
I have not been abl3 to ascertain that any of the Catholics
belonging to your flock have taken part in the meetings held
in the park or elsewhere within the last three weeks, and I
therefore abstain from publishing any letter on the subject
of But it you find any excitement prevails use every
endeavour in the pulpit and in private to dissuade our
brethren from doing or saying anything likely to disturb
the peace, or even to provoke angry feeling on the part of
others. I send this letter to the clergy of the diocess because
there is reason to fear that in other places, and especially in
missions where there are Catholic soldiers and sailors, the
discussion of the questions that have led to the meetings
already mentioned have tended to produce dissension and
quarrelling among our spiritual children and those who
have taken advantage of passing events to speak disrespect-
fully of his Holiness, without knowing how deeply rooted is
the attachment of Irish Catholics to him, and how keenly
they feel every word that is uttered against him. In
your prudence you will calm these feelings, and will
earnestly entreat our children to remain silent, and to
bear patiently and meekly every harsh and insulting word
and act. If it is in your power to speak to the masters
or superiors under whom Catholics are employed or sta •
tinned, entreat them to forbid the mention of all subjects
which have produced this excitement, and explain to theta
that our efforts to restore quiet will be 'wasted until the
bitterness which these domestic disputes have caused
allayed by the firmness of superiors under whom Catholicss
and Protestants are living. Yours sincerely, TuomA
GRANT, Bishop of Southwark."
DANGEROUS CONDITION OF Holfo
On Friday the drizzling rain that fellveinment
te so slippy that
mRNor-nilinll:s.Lh.—ad
the effect of rendering
that the ascent was aceonl-
few horses could stand, anthde
and by attaching Ise:of: withpathe greatest difficulty,
wheels double-locked. The poor animals
foruclasNeveitnhdginrgeato fro rdc ee
s, slidingce n d ing fromthe thedri
drivers
ous, even with
plished. The descentatra
frhomorHolborn was extremely hazard..
and occasioning many collisions. To avoid
twoetrheepbusothOct
the risk of either
.. rred travelling by way of Victoria .street, Charles-
" Ore..)
81-treet, Brooke-street, into Holborn, and vice versa.