The Sun.
London, England, 1865-02-04 00:00:00

Newport-Market Refue.

Yesterday the first annual meeting of this charity
was held at the Refuge, in St. Giles's. The Right
Hon. the Chancellor of the Exchequer took the chair
at the opening of the proceedings, and there were also
present Lord Robert Cecil, M.P., Mr. Hubbard, M.P.,
Mr. Philip Cazenove, and many ladies, to whose
bounty during the past year the Refuge mainly owes
its existence. Mr. Gladstone, having to attend a
Cabinet Council, had merely time to formally open
the proceedings in a brief speech, in which he gene-
rally expressed his high sense of the value of such
institutions as supplementary aids to the working of
the Poor Laws, andthen at once called upon the Rev.
Mr. Williams, the Secretary, to read the first annual
report. This report, which forcibly told the necessity
for the maintenance of these institutions in the pre-
sent state of the laws relating to the relief of the
casual poor, was to the following effect :
_ _

" In December, 1863, the attention of the public was ur-
gently drawn to cases of death from exhaustion and exposure
reported in the daily papers. One of the clergy, resident in
the district parish of St. Mary, Soho, the Rev. J. Williams,
after visiting several of the neighbouring workhouses, be-
came so deeply impressed by the miserable appearance of
the numerous unsuccessful applicants for admission, as they
lay huddled together at the doors, that he resolved to hire a
room in which eight or ninemen might lie down and sleep,
providing them also with hot coffee and bread night and
morning. Appeals were then made, together with a state-
ment of what was being done to relieve these cases, which
met with a liberal response from many benevolent persons.
Among these was Mrs. W. E. Gladstone, who was so inte-
rested in the work that she undertook the task of raising
funds to start a Nightly Refuge of a more extensive charac-
ter for this part of London. An additional room was seoured
which, with the one first engaged, provided accommodation
for 20. Subsequently, the old slaughter-house of Newport-
market was offered to the committee, which had a large area
of accommodation, and, from the fact of the building being
lofty, and having a clear space from floor to roof, it seemed
well adapted for ventilation. The committee would hardly
however, have been justified in leasing such extensive pre-
mises, had it not been for the largo sum placed at their dis-
posal by Mrs. Gladstone. It was originally intended that the
Refuge should only be open during the winter months ; but
on trial, it was found thatmany deserving applicants sought
its shelter during the summer; and its doors accordingly
remained opened during many months, while nearly all the
kindred institutions were closed. The accommodation pro-
vided has been of the roughest character. The beds are
merely strips of cocoanut matting, 22 inches in width,
stretched on iron rods. About 100 persons are proivded for
in this manner. In addition to this from 50 to 80 poor
people have, of late, begged to be allowed to sleep on the
bare floor. A woollen rug is the only covering issued, and
Boz. of bread and a cup of coffee night and morning the
only food. Appliances for washing are provided, and of
these the poor inmates gladly avail themselves. The com-
mittee humbly but confidently hope that their endeavours,
and those of the other Refuge committees, to ameliorate
what is, confessedly, a great social blot upon our nation,
may, ultimately, along with other determinating causes,
induce the Legislature to grapple with the whole subject in
a more comprehensive measure. The women's ward was
opened in October. In establishing this Refuge the com-
mittee have striven as far as possible that no encourage-
ment or
should be given to known profligacy,
be deserving
who may be proved by subsequent inquiry
mendicancy, and that efforts.should be madedthiosh°snist those
to
to announce
of aid. The committee have much
givenpleasureaclonation to the
that her Majesty the Queen
funds of the Refuge.received during
hi l hasth ecommittee
e
knowledge the liberal support tshtleyyheg
for its continuance.
thankfully ac-
the past year, they would earnestly
relief as at present
administered nightly
£l,OOO a year, while the in-
cometions is little more than £3OO.
from annual subscrip
expenses
amount at t attendant a
to
ot
Meanwhile the c ommi tee beg
This fact speaks for itself.
dit
to the e ors of daily news-
papersto tender their best thanksabout°
they have
for the great interest which displayed and
for the aid which they have rendered in raising funds for
this Refuge. They also have to acknowledge the kindness
of Mr. Poland in acting gratuitously as surveyor, and of
Mr. Peebles in discharging the office of honorary auditor.
Cast-off clothes and under-clothing, books and magazines,
are of the greatest service."

The financial statement showed that the annual
subscriptions during the past yearhad only amounted
to £330, but the donations had reached the munifi-
cent sum of £3,473. The expenditure during the

id( d4„ezv,

3

,
r/
,_,. i'..:A.1..,,,t., ..`?*--.-aliF,
. ,- if....!
...
past year, including the adaptatiin of the home to .45:
the purpose of a Refuge, was °az
E.,
1821 12s. 4d.).„..,-.
leaving for the first time a balance of ):,088,:whichf:3
was invested for the charity. The re' wits roV,
ceived and adopted unanimously, and some formal
resolutions having been passed, the proceedings
terminated.

Naval and Military Intelligence.

The depots of the Ist and 2d Battalions of the
10th (North Lincoln) Regiment have arrived at
Chatham from Preston, and joined the 3d depot
battalion of that garrison. The strength of the depot
companies of the 10th is 300 non-commissioned offi-
cers and men, together with the foilowing officers :
—viz., Capt. 0. H. Strong, Capt. J. L. Kelly, Capt.
J. D. Power, Lieut. J. Carr, Lieut. M. Cake, Lieut.
A. Glen, Ensign G. F. T. Parker, Ensign J. W.
Lang, and Ensign E. B. Burnaby. The depot com-
panies of the 29th (Worcestershire) Regiment, num-
bering 158 men of all ranks, have also arrived at
'Chatham barracks, from the 11th depot Battalion
at Preston. The following officers arrived with the
29th depot :--Capt. K. V. Bacon, Lieut. R. A. Os-
wald, Lieut. J. Tennyson, and Lieut. R. W. Elliot.
The remainder of the regimentaVepots, which are
to be stationed at Chatham, in accordance with the
recent others from the Horse Guards, are the depots
of the 40th and 65th Regiments from Birr ; the de-
pots of the Ist and 2d Battalions of the 15th Regi-
ment, from Pembroke ; and the depot companies of
the 80th Regiment, from Buttevant.
The Bth company of Royal Engineers, which re-
cently arrived at Chatham garrison from China.
has been raised to its proper complement from the
depot, and other companies at Brompton barracks,
and will shortly leave the Royal Engineer establish-
ment for Woolwich, there to relieve the 9th com-
pany. The Bth company, from its lengthened ser-
vice in China, returned to this country more than
one-half below its proper strength.
The depot of the 41st Regiment, consisting of
five officers and 160 men, besides women and chil-
dren, has arrived at the camp at Colchester, from
Preston, and has been attached to the 4th depot
Battalion.

Major Palliser's experimental gun, after having
fired 800 rounds at the proof but in Woolwich
Arsenal, has been carefully examined by Major
Freeth, Inspector of,Ordnance remains awaiting the
Secretary of State for War. After firing the 750th
round it was discovered that the inner tube was split
about two feet. The Ordnance Select Committee
then desired the proof to be continued. It was gene-
rally expected the gun would burst almost imme-
diately. The 800 rounds were, nevertheless, com-
pleted without, as it appears, injuring the other
portions of the gun or fracturing the inner tube.
The object of making the tube in two parts is stated
to be to break the continuity of fracture in the event
of the interior of the gun becoming destroyed by
continuous and rapid firing. It is stated that the
split in the tube was caused by the round bottomed
shells employed on the occasion. They formed a por-
tion of some condemned stores ordered to be used up
for that purpose by way of economy. The form of
the base admitted the gas into the grooves before
the shell had moved and guttered them, which, it is
believed, led to the tube being split. Major Freeth
has recommended that the damaged tube shall be
bored out and replaced by a new one, when the
course of experiments may be continued.
Instructions were yesterday received at Wool-
wich, from the Adjt.-Gen. of the Royal Artillery
announcing that the Field-Marshal Commanding-
in-Chief had sanctioned the movement, of the 2d
Battery sth Brigade from Pembroke to Woolwich.
They will embark at Milford, according to present
orders, on Tuesday next, in her Majesty's troopship
Urgent, for conveyance to Greenhithe, when they
be transhipped in a similar steamer, and go up the
river to Woolwich. The battery consists of 2 offi-
cers, 99 men, 14 women, and 28 children.
The Gentlemen Cadets of the Royal Military
Academy re-assembled yesterday evening at Wool-
wich, at the conclusion of the Christmas vacation,
and will resume their studies this morning. The
civil branch of the establishment has been reduced
by the removal of six of the masters.
An official inspection has been going on for some
days past at the Herbert Hospital, in course of com-
pletion near Shooter's-hill, in consequence of the
dilapidated condition of the building. It was found
necessary to shore up the wall to prevent its entire
destruction. The Secretary of State for War has
been in attendance for several days past.
The War Department steam vessel Balaclava, Mr.
Pellatt commander, laden with gun, shot,
and general stores, for Portsmouth and Devonport,
yesterday went alongside the Talbot floating maga-
zine, at Woolwich, and filled in her magazines with
powder, for Portsmouth.
The sailing vessels Lord Raglan, Mr. Wilkins
commander, and the Sir George Murray, yesterday
commenced shipping guns at Woolwich, for the Hec-
tor and other ships at Portsmouth, and Engineers'
tools, and other army materials for Aldershot.
The screw steam sloop Gannet, 11, having had a
thorough repair, in No. 3 dock at Devonport, was
removed to the sheer-hulk in Hamoaze, where she
received her masts. The Gannet is now under orders
to be placed in Keyham-yard, where she will be
fitted for the first division of the Steam Reserve.

MOUNT ETNA IN IERUPTION.—A despatch from
Messina announces that an eruption of Mount Etna took
place during the night of Jan. 31, after several shocks of
earthquake. The lava was flowing rapidly, and several vil-
lages were in danger.

THE WEATHER IN THE NORTH.—The rough
stormy weather of the early part of the week has been fol-
lowed in the county of Northumberland by dense fogs,
which made navigation very difficult off the Northumber-
land coast on Wednesday night and Thursday. The snow
was rapidly disappearing from the hill districts in the west
of that county on Thursday. Storm warnings were up at
the mouth of the Tyno on Wednesday night and Thurs-
day, but sea and wind were tranquil on Thursday night.
Is CANADA TO BE ABANDONED ?—A rumour has
long been current in political circles that the British
Government, fearing the responsibility of defending Canada
against the United States, has determined to sever the po-
litican connection before the termination of the American
war, so that the finest provinces of the British empire may
be seized by the Yankees without forcing England into .a
war. We have discredited—we dare not even now believe—
that her Majesty's Government entertain a policy dishonour-
able to the mother country, shamefully unjust to Canada ,
and detrimental to the best interests of England and Ca-
nada. Yet it must be confessed that circumstances havg
occurred that sAm to show that in this instance rumour
speaks the truth. When the defensive preparations. of
Canada have been discussed, the tone of the
represents the views of her Majesty's Government
asn been:
most the,
most unfriendly and irritating to the Canadians,
. sole object had been to disgust our Axinee,icra
it is worthy of
fellow-sub-
jects with the Imperial Government. pressasw_hicirlr
and is cordially-
oppor
accepted by the Government in hro
Parliament is not sitting.
approved during the time that
of the Queen's Viceroy, the
note that the plan of a confederatitenboaaf
haste,
e provinces wag
Lastly;wehear of the declaration
anfia:litinang
new nationality." We neect
Parlia-
ment that he regards the
f. a
tunity for the 0 creation ot.
Governor-General of Cancad
Canadians desire
the
to sever
hardly say that, if at.any ona,tfieotednelralint
with theimother country, we shall be
telling the Ca
her political connection
separation; but we protest against
the last to 013Pese the'
• her colonies•
notice to depart.
the mother country giving
neither just nor generous. But to desert Canada
That is
from a craven fear, to give up Canada to the ravages of the.
Yankee army when that army is free from work in thee
South, would be peculiarly infamous. In a few days Parlia-
ment will meet, and we trust that a matter which so nearly
concerns the welfaie and honour of England and Canada will
be thoroughly sifted. If the rumour is false it is most impor+
tent that its falsehood should be exposed.—The Index.
BREAKFAST BEVERAGE.—Hunum )pathio practitioners,
and the medical profession generally, recommend cocoa
as being the most healthful of all beverages. When the doc-
trine of holnceopathy was first introduced into this country,
there were to be obt ined no preparations of cocoa either at-
tractive to the taste or acceptable to the stomach ; the nut
I was either supplied in the crude state, or so unskilfully
manufactured as to obtain little notice. J. Epps, of London.
Homoeopathic Chemist, was induced in the year 1839 to turn
his attention to this subject, and at lentli succeeded, wit)'
the assistance of elaborate machinery, in being the first
to produce an article pate in its composition, and so relined
by the perfect trituration it re:eives in the process it passes
throtigh, as to be most acceptable to the delicate stomach.
For general use Epps's Cocoa is distinguished as an invigo-
rating, grateful breakfast beverage, possessing a most deli-
cious aroma. Dr. Hassan, in his work, "Food and its
Adulterations," says -" Cocoa Contains a great variety of im-
portant nutritive principles—every ingredient necessary to
the growth and sustenance of the body." Again: "As a
nutritive, cocoa stands very much higher than either coffee
or tea." Directions—Two teaspoonfuls of the powder in
breakfast cup, filled up with boiling water or milk. Scicati reby
in tin-lined ;lb., lib., and lib. labelled packets, so
and
all grocers, confectioners, and chemists.--EA.ervT.l

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tins
BAT.—Morning, Bh. Om.—Afternoon, Bh. 37m
TO-Monroe:Morning, 9h. 15m.—Afternoon, 9h. 54m.

( '47 vy
..oro.'
• Ex7,-polo
•amkAi,,
s. ,

LONDON, SATURDAY, FEB. 4, 1865.1

At this period,
of course, all that relates to
Canada is looked upon with special interest, and
the opening of the third session
of the eighth Par-
liament will be sure to attract attention. The
Governor-General appears to have been fully
cog-
nisant of the importance of his task, and he acquitted
himself very creditably in the remarks which he
made. In the first place, his Excellency adverted to
a very awkward affair, in- the outrages that had
been committed in the United States, and the persons
who had done so taking refuge in Canada. In
pursuing this theme, he gave notice that he had
organised a system of detective police on the fron-
tier line,'and also called out a portion of thevolunteer
force of the province. All these matters seem to
have been arranged with discretion and a due
regard to the exigencies of the occurrences that
called them forth. The bill laid before the Legis-

lative Assembly, which purposes to exercise control
over refugees, is a very good one, and it is to be
hoped that it will reach a satisfactory con-
summation. The Governor was fortunate in being
able to inform the Parliament of the zeal and alacrity
displayed by the Volunteers in obeying the call to
active service. The spirit then and there exhibited
well deserved the recognition it received from the
Governor, and all will concur in the truth of this
passage. " Their conduct shows that the present
population of Canada has not degenerated from the
manly virtues which characterised the races from
which it derives its origin, and that it may be relied
on, under all circumstances, to respond to the call
of duty." The true English idea of responsibility
and the spirit of independence appear to animate
these colonists of ours across the Atlantic, and it is
a satisfaction to be able to recognise such zeal and
devotion under trying circumstances and positions
of peril. The completion of the codification of the
civil law, in both French and English, is sure to be
of great service, for, as the Governor remarked, the
people can thus read in their own language the
civil laws under which they live. Until now this
desideratum has been impracticable, which has been
a circumstance greatly to be regretted. It is satis-
factory to find that the " financial legislation" has
been successful, and that the revenue has increased,
while the trade has extended in a corresponding
manner. Amid so many external causes for anxiety,
it is particularly fortunate that Canada thus pro-
mises to enjoy interest, welfare, and a freedom from
the chief causes of domestic annoyance and
social misfortunes. The consideration of the Con-
stitutional problem of British North America
was brought forward by his Excellency as a matter
of course, and explained in a clear and comprehen-
sive form. The papers which will be laid before the
Legislature will inform them of the result of delibe-
rations by the meeting specially convened in last
October to consider the important subject so vital
to the interests of their community. The " cordial
approbation" of the Imperial Government was a
happy coincidence that the Governor was enabled to
impart, and the assurance that her MAJESTY'S
Ministers will introduce a Bill into the Imperial
Parliament so soon as they find that the various
provinces have received the sanction of their Legis-
latures. In this the Home Government have acted
wisely and well, and merit general approval, con-
trasting as their conduct in this particular does with
the imperfect style in which some of their other
duties have been performed to English subjects
abroad. The Governor wisely concluded his
speech by impressing upon his hearers the
vast importance of the matter before them, for
deliberation, and the mighty issues involved in its
decision. It rested with them, he emphatically de-
clared, to decide whether the vast tract of countr
should be consolidated into a state, " and thus secure
the elements of national greatness, or whether the
various provinces should be left isolated and frag-
mentary, incapable of undertaking their proper
share of Imperial responsibility." A better speech
in an important crisis could not have been delivered
than this one before us, and it is earnestly to be
trusted that its wise counsels will influence the
assembly to which it was addressed, and that its
spirit will pervade their deliberations and animate
their endeavours, so that from the strife and chaos
darkening and defiling the continent of America,
the British possessions may emerge bright and
blessed, safe from internal dimensions and secure
against foreign attack, through the wise arrange-
ments made in due time, for the success in danger
depends upon foresight no less than upon valour,
and the wise and wary will always seek to be pre-
pared.

The letter which has been addressed by President
DAvls to some of the Senators of Georgia will be
read with very great interest in this country. These
gentlemen had written to the President, asking him
for an expression of his opinion on a very important
matter. A member of the Georgia House of Re-
presentatives has lately brought forward some re-
volutions empowering each State to treat separately
for peace, a proposition which was strongly opposed
by the gentlemen who forwarded this letter. Hear-
ing afterwards that Mr. DAVIS was favourable to
such a scheme, they addressed him directly in order
is ascertain the truth. The President's reply, as
might have been expected, is distinctly and uncon-
ditionally opposed to any such measure, but the
terms in which it is couched are worth attention.
JEFFERSON DAVIS is fortunate in possessing the gift
of addressing the public, whether by word or by
letter, and few gifts are more valuable to a states-
man at a momentous crisis like the present. His
langunge is always correct and well chosen, his
meaning clearly expressed, and his sentences to the
point. Ile is, too, generally moderate and courteous
in his tone, and seldom inclined to much self-asser-
tion. Thus, in his letter to the Senators of Georgia,
we do not find him expressing either irritation or
indignation at the affront to himself and his Go-
vernment, which is offered by thus setting them
completely aside in deciding the great question of
peace or war, but he confines himself to explaining
less to his immediate audience than to the public
at large the evils and even the impossibilities of the
plan. With regard to its dangers, he says, " The
immediate and inevitable tendency of such distinct
action by each State is to create discordant instead
of united counsels—to suggest to our enemies the
possibility of a dissolution of the Confederacy, and
to encourage them by the spectacle of our divisions
to more determined and united action against us."
The Federals, he adds, would readily believe that
some of the Southern States are disposed to abandon
the others and to make separate terms of peace for
themselves ; and if such a suspicion once gained
ground among the people of the Confederacy there
would be an end of that self-reliant and united
action which has been the strongest weapon of the
people of the South. This, in fact, is one reason
why the Northern agents are so ready to foster the
idea, and why we always find the Federal generals,
in occupying any individual Southern address-
ingStatc,inepe..
its people as wholly self-governing and d
dent. We find this especially instanced in SHER-
MAN'S address to the Georgians ; but the South-
erners must be very short-sighted if they do not
perceive that there is nothing the Federals arc really
so unwilling to admit. The sovereignty of the States
is the very principle which they refuse to recognise,
since, on that ground, Georgia, Virginia, and
•Louisiana have as good a right to select to be
governed by DAVIS as by LINCOLN. This objection
the Southern President thinks wouldlf all the States
pro:efastaltteos
the scheme of separate treaties.
of two hostile federations are to meet in conven-
tion, such a meeting, he observes, can only
take place after a preliminary agreement. Either
the decision of the States must be accepted as final,
Or no State shall be bound by the result of the de-
liberation.t
wouldNvNorthou behd a
sa amthevirtualo amount
nt to
In the former case, such a meeting
i
seeing that it advantagewoulsadu.rvrbi
r teenuadne r
absolute bytheSoreuctol, siinticoentohfe
virtual surrender surrnumenbcelerr; by the tthhee
North,lat t latter,
the independence of the several States of the Con-
federacy. The assembly of
without any such previo us a Conven.:_on of States
arranglt would end we:e it be •it
ement would be
useless. It
of the Souther.l Presidgeannt, be.
wpeorfuledc,tliny