The Sun.
London, England, 1862-08-08 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENLiG, AUGUST e, 1862.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

BRIGHTON CLUB RACES.

The third, or gentleman's day, showed a falling off in the
attendance both in the paddock and on the sides of the
course, but the balcony of the Stand again held a fair pro-
portion of ladies; and the " Ring" was fully represented
on the lawn. In the morning, which was squally, Canis-
brook seemed to have dispersed the clouds which hung
around him on Wednesday afternoon, 100 to 8 being taken
several times ; but no further alteration was noticeable in
the betting on the St. Leger, except that The Marquis was
again the favourite at sto 1. Of the eight events on the
programme the first ended in a walk over by the represen-
tative of the great French stable, and the others produced
small fields, in which the favourite proved the winner on
four occasions. A thigh wind prevailed during the after-
noon, but the rain held off, and punctuality under the New-
market officials was strictly adhered to. Several new mem-
bers were admitted to the club, the sales of two winners
added. considerably to the race fund, and the aspect of affairs
for the next season wears a most promising aspect.
The First Year of the Fourth Brighton Club Biennial
Stakes, of 10 sovs each, with 50 soya added ; for 2-yr-
olds ; colts, Bst 71b, and fillies Bst 41b. Winners extra.

T.Y.C. 11 subs.
Baron Niviere's Brick, 9st llb (81b ex). (H. Grimahaw) w.o.
The Brighton Club Stakes of 10 soya each, h ft. (handi-
cap), with 50 soya added. Winners extra. New Course.
6 subs.
Lord Portsmouth's Vinegar Hill, 4 yrs, list 41b
(Captain Little) 1
Mr. Golby's Church Militant, 3 yrs, 9st (Mr.W, Bevill) 2
Mr. Payne's Gwellyan, 5 yrs, 9st 101 b ..(Mr. Edwards) 3

Betting-5 to 2on Vinegar Hill.
The favourite jumped off with the lead, made all the run-
ning, and won, hands down, by 20 lengths; Gwellyan
finished a very bad third.
A Plate of 100 soya, given from the Brighton Race Fund,
added to a Sweepstakes of 6 soya each, for 2-yr-olds ;

colts Bst 71b, and fillies Bst 41b. Winners extra, with

maiden allowances. T.Y. C.
Mr. fen Broeck's Summerside, Bst.. „, (G. Fordham) 1
Count Lagrange's Odine, Bst 91b (inc. 51b extra)
(H, Grimshaw) 2
Mr. Bruce's Gipsy Girl, Bst 121 b (inc. 81b extra)
(Custance) 3
Mr. Naylor's Persigny, Bst 131 b (Challoner) 4
Lord Uxbridge's Rose Pompon filly, Bst (car. Bst 21b)
(J. Goater) 5
Mr. W. Goater's Mississippi Bst (Butt) 6
Mr. Payne's Energetic, Bst (Drew) 7
The betting opened at 5 to 4 agst and closed at 6 to 5 on
Summerside, 7 to 2 agst Gipsy Girl, and 7 to 1 each agst
Odine and Persigny.
The favourite, next the rails, cut out the work at a
good pace, followed by Gipsy Girl. Odine, and Persigny,
to half-way up the hill, where Odine headed Mr. Bruce's
colt, and at the enclosure got to the favourite's quarters,
the pair running a few strides together, when Fordham
dropped his hands, and the race was over, Summerside
winning in a canter by two lengths ; a length and a
half between the second and third; Persigny was a good
fourth.

A Plate of 100 sovs given from the Brighton Race Fund,
for 3-yr-olds and upwards which have never won £lOO.
Weight for age. The winner to be sold for 120 sovs.

T.Y.C.
Mr. R. Ten Broeck's Annette, 3 yrs, 7st 101 b (Fordham) 1
Lord Ailesbury's Freeholder, 3 yrs, 7st 101 b .... (Drew) 2
Mr. Fleming's Acco, 4 yrs, Bst 81b (J. Daley) 3
Count Batthyany's Aroma, 3 yrs, 7st 101 b (H. Bradley) 4
Mr. Waller's Marcellus, 3 yrs, 7st 101 b (Pearson) 5
Betting-7 to 4on Annette, 4to 1 agst Acco, 7to 1 agst
Aroma.

After the first few strides Marcellus rushed to the front,
and came on with a clear lead, followed by Freeholder,
Acco, and Annette to the foot of the hill, where Marcellus
dropped away beaten, leaving Freeholder with a clear lead,
the favourite and Acco lying in close attendance. On
reaching the stand Fordham brought Annette to the front,
and shortly after obtained a slight advantage, the three
running nearly abreast to the end, Annette winning cleverly
by a neck, Freeholder defeating Acco by a head for second.
The winner was sold to Mr. Bland for 250 guineas.
The Claret Stakes of 5 sous each, with 50 soya added.

Councillor, 3—lnvestment, 3—Costa, 3—f by Wild Dayrell
—Phemy, 3—Folkestone, 4—Corona, s—Caller Ou, 4
Croagh Patrick, y—Polynesia, 3—Bathilde, 4—f by Stock-
well—Babette, 3—Carisbrook, 3—b h, by Voltigeur—Rose-
bud, 5 yrs—Conundrum, 4—Harlequin, 3—Gardener, 4
Scandal, 3 Cowboy, 3—Alc►hymist, 3—Paste, 4—Surrey,
3—Flirtation, 4—Ramesis, s—Caledon, 3—Coronet, 5
Donne Canne, 3—Prince of Denmark, aged—My Mary, 3
—Gibraltar, s—Traveller, 3—Oberon, 3—Walpole, 3
Dulcibella, s—Dusk, 3—Duke Rollo, 3—lmaus, 4—Stam-
pedo, s—General Hess, s—Volunteer, 4—Chere Amie, 5
Fitz Eva, 4—King of Kent, 4 Feu-de-Joie, 3—Caracta-
cus, 3—Guiding Stir, 4—Fanscombe, s—Tim Whiffler, 3.

NEWMARKET HOUGHTON MEETING, 1862.
Entries for the Cambridge Stakes, of 25 sous each, 10 ft,
and sif declared. Cambridge Course. 196 subs.

Yorkminster, 4-Souvenir, 3-Moorhen, 5-Cowley, 4-
St. Alexis, 3-Argonaut, 3-Salamanca, 3-Black Pearl, 3
-Incilatus, 3-colt by West Australian, Clarissa, 4-colt
by Barbatus, Clarissa, 3-Palmerin, 3-Ace of Clubs, 3
-Welcome, 3-Q. E. D., 3-filly by Longbow, Sister to
Stafford, 3-Man-at-Arms, 5-Attaman, 3-Nottingham,
3-Physician, aged-M. Philippe, aged-Earl of Surrey, 3
-Real Jam, 3-Remunerator, 6-Stradella, 3-Palestro, 4
-Gabrielle d'Estrees, 4-Compiegne, 4-Benjamin, 3-
Gemma, 3-New Year's Day, 3-Ivanhoff, 4-Dictator, 4
-Johnny Armstrong, 3-Leonora, 3-Cape Flyaway, 5-
Humphrey, 3-Clementi, 3-Aurelian, 4-Knutsford, 4-
The Roe, 4-Doncaster, 15-Canar3, 4-Drumstick, 3-
Amalthea, 3-Balham, 4 -Rioter, 3 -Lady Clare, 4-
Portland, 5-Henham Lass, 4- Alvediston, 3-Audrey, 6
-Exchequer, 3-Balder, 3-Promotion, 4-Sappho, 3-Be-
douin, 3-Millionaire, 5-Vancouver, 4-Queen of Spain,
3-Hartington,3-Wombat,4--Keane, 3--Master Fenton, 3
Optimist, 5-Umpire, 5-Amy, 4-Evenhand, 4-Myrtle,
4-Rubicon, 4-Wallace, 5-Santa Claus, 3-Libelous, 5
Victor, 3-Silkstone, 3-Malek, 3-Viscount Brignell, 4-
High Treason, 5-Neptunus, 3-Pilot, 3-Haddington, 3
-Town Councillor, 3-The Knave, 3-Costa, 3-7-Folke-
stone, 4-Corona, 5-Caller Ott, 4-The Wizird, 6-He-
cate, 3-Miss Vivian, 3-Squire Percy, 4-Fig, 3-Bene-
ventum, 3-colt by Rataplan, Faurie, 3-Magnum Bonum,
3-Nemesis, 4-Lupus, 4-Schism, 6-Apathorpe, 3-
Bosh, 3-colt by Flatcatcher, Rather High, 3-Tolurno, 3-
Manrico, 3-Bloodhound, 3-B,eechloader, 3-King of
Diamonds, 5-Wingrave, 3-Gorse, 3-Rapparee, 4 -
Weatherden, 3-King of Kars, 3-Interduca, 3-Flytrap,
3-Lady Trespass, 5-Captain Crow, 3-Victrix, 3-Star
of the West, 3-St. Bernard, 3-Camerino, 4-Doefoot, 4-
Hubert, 3-Cellarius, 3-Ebony, 5--colt by Young Mel-
bourne, dam by Lanercost or Retriever, 3-Fairwater, 4-
Watchman, 3-Waterwitch, 4-Lawyer (h-b) 4-Ophelia,
3-Spencer, 4-Scaramouch, 4-colt by Stockwell, Lady
Evelyn, 3-Warminster, 3-Joey Jones, 4-Pembroke, 3-
Patrick, 3-Weatherwise, 3-Tipperary Girl, 3-Adven-
turer, 3-Grace Darling, (h.b.), 3-ch. h. by Chanticleer,
dam's ped. unknown, 5-East Langton, aged-Bellman, 4
-Edgar, 3-Socrates, 3-Croagh Patrick, 4-Dux, 3-
Polynesia, 3.-Bathilde, 4-filly by Stockwell, Babette, 3--
Carisbrook, 3-Conquerer, 4-Gleam, 4-Brighton, 3-
Deceptive, 3-Tom Sawyers, 3-Harlequin, 3-Vertumna,
3-Buckenham, 3-Gardner, 4-Scandal, 3-Cowboy, 3-
Alchymist, 3-Merry Maid, 3-Surrey, 3-Flirtation, 4-
Lady Louisa, 4- Overton, 4-Queen of Trumps, 3-Gib-
raltar, 5-Traveller, 3-Lady Ripon, 4-Oberon, 3-Wal-
pole, 3-Dulcibella, 5-Duke Rollo, 3-Diophantus, 4-
Limosina, 3-Imaus, 4-Stampedo, 5--Chere Arnie, 5-
King of Kent, 4-Feu de Joie, 3-Agag, 3-Volunteer, 4
-.Caractacus, 3-Gazelle, 3-Lapidist, 3-Guiding Star, 4
-Stanton, 4-Faultless, 5-Begonia, 4-General Hess, 5.

THE GA.RIBALDIANS.

(From the Special Correspondent of the Times.)
ON BOARD THE GENERAL ABBATTUCCI,
OFF NAPLES, Atm. 2.

What is Garibaldi doing ? Is he going to make
an expedition or not ? Scarcely a day passes with-
out the telegraph bringing some piece of informa-
tion relating to this subject. It serves only to
make darkness more dark, and incertitude more
uncertain. One day swarms of young men are
leaving the northern ports for Palermo : the next
day it is stated that not only no volunteers have
left, but the very fact of enrolments taking place
is distinctly contradicted on the authority of Gari-
baldi himself. The day after the rumour is afloat
that he has already landed somewhere or other,
while 24 hours afterwards we know from official
authority that French and Italian cruisers keep so
good a look-out on the coasts of Sicily and the Pon-
tifical States that no landing can take place, and
that the General is ill at Palermo. In this mass of
contradictory information the only clear point is a
movement of some kind or other in which Gari-
baldi's name plays a prominent part.
It is not necessary to be long in Italy in order to
see that this impression is a just one. Turin can
scarcely be said to be Garibaldian. Of the " thou-
sand of Marsala" it gave only a contingent of two.
Yet you cannot make two steps under the Arcades
without seeing strong traces of Garibaldism. It is
as if a number of old companions from all parts of
Northern and Central Italy had made an appoint-
ment under the arcades of the Po. Many of them
you prcbably know yourself, others again know you
without your recollecting them; then there are those
faces which you are sure you have seen somewhere
or other in the South, besides which there is the
tricolour riband of the South Italian medal, which
leaves no doubt that the wearer must have been a
Garibaldian•

Astonished at this gathering you ask what is up.
The answer is, "Aspettianto." "So and So went a
fortnight ago." So and So went last week, and I
am going next week, or may be in a few days."
" But whither ?" " To rejoin the General." " What
to do ? Has he called you ?" " We don't know what.
He has not called us, but we think be will do some-
thing, and we will not remain behind." Are there
many who are preparing to go ?" " Some hundreds
are ready, and there are more in all the towns of
Lombardy, Milan, Brescia, Pavia, Bergamo, Como,
&c., as well as at Genoa, Livorno, Bologna, Parma,
&c.; and if Garibaldi call on the people of the towns
every young man will follow him."
I went to Milan, the Garibaldian town, par excel-
he whole youth in a state of feve-
leuce, and found t
rish agitation and anxious expectation. Many
friends and acquaintanceg, who found me out almost
before I was fairly settled, came to ask for news.
They told me the same story I had heard at Turin.
About 50 or 60 bad already left ; young men
clubbed together to follow. One told the other ; each
had some friend or acquaintance who had already
doing, and had promised to gone to see what was
write as soon as something certain was known. I
asked, " And who gives the money ?" The answer
was that most of those who had gone defrayed their
own expenses. Again, as in the beginning of the
movement of 1860, it is chiefly the youth of the
middle classes who seem to be attacked by the fever
—students, sons of tradesmen, young men from
behind the counter, the higher class of artisans, all
of them youths who have, if not sumptuous, at any
rate comfortable homes, and fair prospects of doing
well in the world.

Genoa does not lag behind Milan, From the early
connexion of Garibaldi with this town, and from a
natural sympathy existing between the popular hero
and this hot-headed, almost volcanic population,
Genoa might claim Garibaldi as her own quite as
much as Milan, were it not for the remains of a cer-
tain Republican tinge which is, Perhaps, more pro-
minent there than in any of the old municipalities
the local authorities and the
of Italy. Verily,
foreign Consuls have not had an easy time of it for
the last month or so. Daily, almost hourly, a new
alarm—now a steamer, which is reported to have
mysteriously disappeared, but is, after all, found in
its old berth; or else some sailing craft which ex-
cites suspicion, is visited as containing arms and
ammunition, and is found to have apples or chicken
on board; then again a party of young men will
hire a boat for an excursion South, or the arrival of
a considerable number of auspicious persons is an-
nounced from Turin. Not the least trouble of the
authorities is that caused by the strange mania for
locomotion which impels so many young men to

take advantage of the numerous steamers which
run along the western coast of Italy.
Formerly there were but the French Messageries
steamers and the steam company of the Two Sicilies,
now there are two other companies besides stray
merchant steamers, so that every day several occa-
sions present themselves to go South.
As.the passport system is all but abolished, even
with regard to foreign countries, it is difficult to
still it is bat just to sad
apply it to internal traffic ;

that the zeal of the authorities is not behinahand
wherever it can find occasion. But this is not so
easy, for the police authorities in the north of Italy
are quite out of their element when they have to
bully. Besides there can be no doubt that even the
shore time of liberty which Italy has enjoyed has
produced, and above all in the northern provinces, a
certain amount of individual independence which it
is pleasant to witness.

I happened to witness a proof shortly after my
arrival on board. While first-class passengers passed
without difficulty, most of the second and thirdclass
passengers were stopped and asked for their papers,
especially very young men, and those who looked
more or less like men who had seen service. Most
of them refused altogether to show their papers,
and one asked point-blank who took the liberty to
ask for passports. On being told that it was a
delegate of the Questore his answer was, " I don't
know you; if you will dress according to law in
your official costume then I will obey your autho-
rity, but not otherwise." And as far as I could
see no one was sent back for want of his papers.
The precaution in this case at anyrate was not of
much use, for the crowd of passengers were destined
for Leghorn, and only about a dozen of the young
men who had embarked at Genoa remained. Not
so at Leghorn. After a short trip on shore, when I
returned there began to arrive boat-loads, almost
entirely of young men between 17 and 22, with
scarcely any impedimenta except a parcel and a
handkerchief containing their provisions for the day
—a loaf or two of bread or biscuits, some lemons, and
a bottle or two of wine. They arrived in batches of
five or six, who evidently knew each other.

There was quite a rush to the companion ladder;
indeed, such that the steward, standing on deck,
could not control their arrival and see whether they
were provided with tickets. Besides this, some of
them made their way up the sides of the ship, and
all of them proceeded to establish themselves on
the poop as the coolest part of the vessel. This
went on until about the time for departure drew
nigh, when between 60 and 70 of these young men
were fairly settled in every part of the snip;
The circumstances attending this invasion, the
doubts which existed as to all persons having paid
their passage money, then the free-and-easy way in
which the new comers, regardless of the regula-
tions, had established themselves not only in the
best places, but in the way of the crew, had all
contributed to rouse a feeling of opposition in the
officers of the ship, and above all in the captain—a
feeling which may have been strengthened by his
apprehensions of what a turbulent set of this kind
might do on the voyage.
The result of all this was that in order to stay
further invasion the ship was moved out her berth
and taken close to the mole, alongside some other
French vessels, belonging to the same company. At
the same time it seems that this hegira had like-
wise caused some alarm among the authorities, for
just as we were changing place a large boat full of
Carabinieri approached, and soon after the Ques-
tore, accompanied by half-a•dozen of them, made
his appearance on board. The French captain, who
was in a state of great excitement, and who had al-
ready given vent to this excitement by ordering
with a little two much vivacity the new-comers to
go " forward," began now to expostulate, and de-
clared that he would not start unless all the intruders
were examined to see whether they had their tickets,
and then whether they had arms. He was quite cer-
tain that most of them were armed, and, unless they
were all examined, he would make straight for Civita
Vecchia instead of Naples, and arrange the matter
with the French commander of the port. This was
rather strange language on the part of a Royal
Italian Mail Steam Company's captain, but excite-
ment must be its excuse. The whole scene reminded
me vividly of the month of May, 1860, when Gari-
baldi was on the pointing of starting for Sicily, but
was still quietly at Quarto, and the captain of one of
the Messageries steamers kept his crew the whole
night under arms, because, having an unusual num-
ber of third-class passengers to take, he imagined that
they were armed and disguised Garibaldians,
who bad formed sinister designs against his ship.
Armed to the teeth, he paced up and down the deck
during the whole night, and probably wrote next
morning an interesting report to prove how the
company owed to his zeal and energy the safety of
their ship, which otherwise would have become the
prey of the filibusters.
In the present case, it being still broad daylight,
and the Questore a rather jovial-looking, well-fed,
tranquil gentleman, he took the matter more easily.
As for arms, he scouted the very idea, which,
indeed, was absurd in the case of a number of
youths with no baggage, and dressed in the lightest
possible summer costumes; but as for the tickets,
the affair was soon arranged. There was a nominal
call, and about half-a-dozen who had smuggled them-
selves in were turned out ; among them was, how-
ever, one poor devil who had paid his passage, but
for whom another passed. No trouble was taken to
find out the guilty interloper, and the poor fellow
was sent ashore.

While this was going on there was Sknother in-
cident, which spoke well for the progress which
even the police have made in the northern pro-
vinces. The little irascible captain was pulling out
his revolver, saying that he would be his own police,
when the sergeant of Carabinieri quietly replied,
" Our people are accustomed to be dealt with gently ;
tell us who has no right to be here, and you may
depend that they shall leave the ship without your
taking any trouble."
Once fairly under way, harmony was soon re-
established on board. In the beginning, while the
temper of the officials was still ruffled, there was
some sparring, chiefly owing to a very decided ten-
dency on the part of the new-comers to establish
themselves under the awning of the poop. It was
in vain to order them down, they went down on
one and came back again on the other side,
watching their opportunity when the officials had
turned their backs. It was a regular boyish trick
and accompanied by chaff and jokes, all so good-
tempered that even the soured officials found it diffi-
cult to be harsh. Mulish obstinacy, that great fea-
ture in the Italian character, by degrees carried the
way against the quick-tempered but unpersevering
Frenchmen, and long before evening set in they had
well-nigh monopolized the whole of the poop.
There was a naive assurance in the whole proceed-
ing which was worthy of incipient heroes, who evi-
dently thought themselves entitled to the best
places, although they had only paid for the worst.
Here, then, was the corpus delicti-50 or 60 volun-

teers going to join Garibaldi. They were, almost
without an exception, Tuscans, many from Leghorn,
and all of the middle classes of the towns, which have
always furnished the majority of the Garibaldian
soldiers. Indeed, it is in this middle class of the
towns that the strength of the whole Italian move: 1
ment consists. The peasantry are too ignorant au! '
of too much under priestly rule to be capable
work-
ing out such an idea, while, with the exceP:ien the
Lombardy, of the Romagna, and of Sicily,evement.
th
aristocracy was only dragged into
It was the well-to-do and numerous.n:ildtdmelme
,class of
which
Italy, a remnant of the old municipal
has most con-
had the real lead in the matter
andof the Italian idea.
tributed towards the realization
Slightly made, but wiry, naturally
roused
indolent, but
with high animal spirits, and therefore easily
to exertion, —though musttheeesder_t_iothneyare the very
he short,
for their energy is short-lived,—they ,
material for a man like Garibaldi, whose great
power, indeed, is that he is an impersonation of
this class.
For any one who had never seen a Garibaldian
volunteer it would have been a good occasion to
study his nature by watching the young men on
board. They were, as usual, in one of two opposite
extremes—either rushing about and indulging in
all kinds of violent exercise, such as attempts to
climb up the ropes, jump down the stairs, or else
stretched out on deck enjoying their repose with

PR1CE.....—..4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

true Southern relish. All the youth of the Italian
towns have a great mania for dandyism,
as far as
they can afford it ; they live on well-nigh nothing
that they may buy a coat after the last fashion or
encase their feet in patent leather boots. Well,
most of these young men came just as they stood—
not a blanket or cloak, linen, or other such super-
fluities, but several had concertinas and harmoni-
cas, small opera-glasses, packs of cards, pots for
making coffee, and other such useful articles.
As third-class passengers they had all brought
(their provisions with th3m, and each group pro-
ceeded to finish them off at once, regaling every
one around. It was as if they had started for a picnic
and not for an arduous campaign, as they tried to
believe. If they had remained at home, they would
' probably have lived a couple of days on what they
wasted here in a quarter of an hour. Then they
were as happy as kings, drinking,
singing, chatting,
as if it was to be holiday for ever after.
Curious to ascertain through whose agency they i
had been induced to take such a step, I mixed with
group after group, but found it impossible to trace
any agency at all. It was everywhere the same story
—" Garibaldi is-going to do something and we will
not remain behind, so we clubbed together. Those
who had a little money helped others, there were
kind relations who contributed likewise to set us
right; we sold all superfluities, and several resorted
to loans." lam quite disposed to believe their
story. The passage money is only about 20f. to
Sicily, the passage lasts but three days, and what
then ? Of course they don't doubt Garibaldi will
provide.
There is something strange and almost mysteri-
ous about these volunteers who go by batches from
all parts of Italy to join Garibaldi. The general
himself, 1 have reason to know, disclaims the move-
ment—nay, he has given orders to remain quiet ;
and the Committee of Genoa gives equally positive
assurances that it has nothing to do with these en-
rolments. Even the old Garibaldian officers, who
have great influence with the youth in the different
gGmareinbaciodnitai:noeffitcoegrso.
haTdheacototilitellry dap
started
gBoo
towns, exert themselves to keep things quiet, and
yetflu e
nytoinaln
started from Pavia, and one or two of the more in-
after them and bring them back again.

There are people who insinuate that it is the
Bourbons and Austrian agency, and some who go
as far as to say that the impulse comes from French
agents, or even those of the Government, which
seeks for a means of compromising Garibaldi. The

latter suppositions are quite absurd, for it can
scarcely be the interest of either the French or the
Italian Government to push things to a crisis which
may turn out more dangerous to them than to any
one else.
From what I have seen and heard, I firmly believe
that it is not to the agency of any one that this
gathering of volunteers is due. There was a rumour
at Turin of large sums which had been sent out
from England to defray the expenses;
but, even if
it be true, very little, if any, of this money has found
its way into the pockets of the volunteers. The
Mazzinian committees may have fostered the move-
ment, and assisted it perhaps in isolated cases ;
bat the movement itself I believe to be, in a great
measure, spontaneous.
Two years almost have passed since Garibaldi's
last great feat, and a number of young men have
grown up who were then too young to take a part,
but who had shared in imagination the glories and
successes of that campaign, and longed only for an
occasion to rival, or even surpass, former achieve-
ments. At the same time, all those of the Southern
army who are not in the regular army show an
equal—nay perhaps stronger—desire to return again
to that life of adventure, as the hardships and un-
pleasantnesses have been softened down by time,
and much which was at the time a source of vexa-

lion appears to them now rather amusing, or is l
altogether forgotten. Although public life is com-
paratively new in Italy, it must be remembered
that life in public is as old as the country itself, and
it was this which facilitated so much that unanimity
of passive resistance or active annoyance which was
evinced in so marvellous a manner before 1859 and
1860. Even timid politicians in the Chambers
begin to think that things are not going ou as they
ought or as they might ; how much more a number
of hotheaded young men who are craving for an
opportunity to do something, and who have taken
up that Italian unity of which the world has heard
so much during the last three years with all the
ardour of youth and the poetry of a Southern ima-
gination ? No wonder every step of Garibaldi is
followed with auguries, and every one of his
words makes the flame of enthusiasm blaze up
with greater brightness. The cafes and other
places of public resort for so many centres of an
involuntary propaganda. One heated imagination
excites the other, until uncertainty becomes
intolerable, and numbers decide at least to go
and see what is going on. Little need is there for
agitators and agents. It is a compound of both the
spirit of adventure end the enthusiasm for Italian
unity which has become a kind of religion with
the youth of the towns.
This spontaneity of the movement which impels
so many youths towards Garibaldi is its great
strength, but at the same time its greatest danger.
It is irresistible, and cannot be checked except by
going ahead, but it may likewise escape control.
But we have arrived in the Bay of Naples, and I
must leave further remarks on this subject for
another letter.