The Sun.
London, England, 1865-09-22 00:00:00

street.

The mode of admission to the House is twofold,
let. By election of the subscribers. Bays thus admitted
are received free, boarded, clothed, educated, and taught ill
they are 11 years o age.
With the view o secure the election of the most deserving
cases, the Commit+ e have from the first discouraged canvas-
sing, and they do not print any addresses of the subscribers.
The voting papers contain a description of each case, as care-
ful y investigated by the Committee, and with this informa-
tion the subscribers are able to judge for themselves as to
those most e igible for free admission.
This H .me was opened in April, 1864. It was designed to
take to the little ones whose charect r and circumstances
disqualify the for the Orphan Asylums, and whose tender
age precludes their admission to the It. fuges. Such are th se
who, from neglect, are already on the roa • to ruin. Such are
those who have been deserted by theirnatural protectors and
left to beecome idle wanderers. Such are those whose
parents may have at one time or other received parish re ief,
and who are now friendless orphans Such are those whose
Parents a; e breakers of tie law, or are in prison, and who
train their chili-Iron in the same path. Such are those whose
evil associations have already had their painful effect, and
must lead them to a life of crime and misery.
There are now 50 little inmates irom about four years of
age to 10. Thei eis room for nearly 10 . and the Committee
would jot fully tee the Home filled at once; they only wait
for the neces-ary subscriptions.
The Committee feel constrained to p'ead for those who
cannot thus plead for themselves ; and, referring to the cir-
cumstan• es of some vho have been already admitted, they
i ask—ls it right to mai:e a widow and her t mily paupers tor
lice because one of them (the naughty boy of the tam ly) runs
wild in the streets and is beyond her control ? Is it kind to
tell her, because she has so large a family, tine you will not
h 1p her to put one of them into a Home. but that the must
ail go into " the house ?" Is it doing the bast we can for the
little destitute orphan to send him to the workhouse. Is it
doing to others as we would they should do unto a that when
these little ones have unnatural parents wh turn them into
the streets, or force them by ill-treatment to " ma away,"
none of us ahem d be found to • are for them, to speak a kindly
wo: d to them, to befriend them, to house and clothe th.-na ?
Shall we leave them still on the doorstep, passing by on the
other side, or else exclaiming "Am I my hrother's
keeper?" _

The necessity for an Institution for these little ones is evi-
dent from the police statis ice, which show that in London
alone, in one year, no fewer than 311 boys under 0 years of
are, have been apprehended for various offences, 79 of whom
were convicted arid Punished, while the bulk, 232 were dis-
charged by the magistrates with a rebuke, as being too
young to punish, though not too young to learn th e beginnings
of crime: On the other hand, there are numbers who, but
for the timely hell, afforded by such an Institution, must
otherwise become paupers, and losing all ideas of self-rell•
ante and self-help, be permanent burdens to the State.
The Home for Little Boys has, therefore, been established
to rescue the little ones, to save them from the prison on the
one hand, and ;he workhouse on the other, and to endeavour
to make them Useful members of society.
The daily routine of the Ins itu'ion presents all the fea-
tures of a home, a school, and a workshop. The little ones
are cared for as children; they have their regular meals,
their suitable clothing, their hours of play and amusement,
and their singing class. They are treated as scholars ; every
morning is devoted to echool work—reading, and writing,
and ciphering, and Scriptural instruction, with occasional
lessons in otjects and other subjects. But they are also
trained to work. As they must all, and that at a very early
period in life, earn their living by the sweat of their brow,
they are here at once taught habits of industry. So he after-
noons are occupied with various industrial occupations—
making blown paper bags for bankers, and white ; aper bags
for tradesmen, and door mats and servants' kneelers for any
who will buy them ; picking the coil for The mats, mendin4
the c other, &c. Some a-sisr the master in the garden,
digging, planting., watering, weeding, and so forth. By
degrees they are being made useful in the hou.e, scrubbing
and sweeping, while the elder ones clean all the boots,
knives, &o. In this way it Is sought to fit them for an active
working life,

2d. By payment of 58. a week, made quarterly in advance.
All children must be under 10 y ars of :qv at the time of
admission. Those received on payment are admitted at any
time as soon as approved by the Committee,
Elections of children to be athaitted free will take place as
frequently as the increase in the annual subscriptions will
admit, till the Home is full; they will then be held periodt-
cally
Forms of application for the admission of children may ba
had at the Some, and of the llOnOrary'Senretary,

DINNEFORD'S FLUID MAGNESIA.
The medical profe •aion for Thirty yearA have approved
of this pure solution of Ma ,nesia as the best remedy for Gout
and stomach disorders of every kir d ; and as a mild aperient
it is esrecially adapted for ladies add children. Prepared
solely by
DINNEFORD and CO., Chemists, cte.,
172, New Bond-street, London ;
And sold throughcut the world by all respectable chemists.
CAUTION —See I hat " Dinneford and Co." is on each bottle
and red label over the cork.

THE THREATENING APPROACH OF
CHOLERA.
THE LONDON AND GENERAL WATER
PURIFYING COMPANY (Limited),
SUPPLY on
HIRE or SALE in the Metropolis and its suburbs, and on
sale in the country, their PATENT CIS FERN FILTER,
which filters and purifies all the water used in th house,
whe, her for culinary or drinking purposes, at the rate of Nall
a gallon to four gallons per minute, requiring no fitting or
attention from servants. Water tested free of charge. Test-
ing apparatus easily used. Sold by the Company.
For prices and terms apply to the Secretary, 15, Strand,
`N.C., where testimonials from Dr. Letheby and other emi-
nent authorities, and the filters in operation, may be seen,

COOL and REFRESHING TOILETTE RE-
QUI ,ITE.—OLDRIDtiE'S BALM of COLUMBIA
is the most certain iemcdy for Restoring and Strengthening
the flair. By it Whiskers and Moustaches are produce i and
beautified. Ladies will find it especially valuable, as the
most delicate head-dress or bonnet can be worn without fear
of soiling. Sold in bottles, 3s. 6d., Os., and 118.—C. and A.
OLDRIDGE, 22, Wellington-street, Strand.

TEETH, 2s. 6d. each.—ESKELL and SONS'
improvements in the co,istruction of AR I IFICIAL
T O.ETH enable them to make and fit in from One to a Set,
in a few hours, without springs or wlres, and without ex-
tractions, upon the r rinciple of self-adhesion, painless and
perfect. Guaranteed, or no tee accepted. 'Sets, ; stop-
pi igs, 2s. 6a.; extractions, Is. ; and the same moderate fixed
prices throughout. Punctuality in all appointments, and
co .stant daily attendance from Nine to Eight o'clock. Their
Treatise on the Teeth, with printed tercns, and all consulta-
tions free, on application to ESKELL and SONS, V, Tich-
borne-street, Quadrant. Note the address.

MR. HOWARD, SURGEON-DENTIST, 52,
leet-street, has introduced an entirely new descrip-
ti nof ARTIFICIAL l' EE PH,fised without Springs, wires,
or ligatures. They so perfectly r•' emb the natural teeth
as not to be distinguished fro the originals by the closest
ohserver ; they will never change colour or decay, and will
be tempi superior to an 7 teeth ever before used. This
method does not require tie extraction of roots, or any pain-
ful operation, and will support and preserve teeth that are
loose, and is guaranteed to restore articulation lind mastica-
tion. Decayed teeth stopped and rendered sound and useful
in mastication.
52. Fleet-street. At home from 10 till 5.

ALL ENGLAND PLOUGHING MATCHES.—The
crack ploughmen from Bedford and Ipswich have met at
three All England matches this week, at Woodstock and at
Brackley on Tuesday, and at Boston yesterday. Messrs.
Ransomes were successful at Brackley, but Messrs. Howard
carried off both All England prizes at the other places. At
the Royal Buckinghamshire meeting at Aylesbury on
Wednesday, Messrs. Howard's ploughman was disqualified
for competition by informal entry ; but their plough, in
the hands of a local man, won Sir Anthony Rothschild's
ten guinea cup, for which there were no less than fifteen
competitors.

[ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills.—
Sure Cure.—Be the ailment external or internal, chronic
or acute, inflammatory or otherwise, a certain remedy niay
be found in one or other, or both, of Holloway's prepara-
tions. In the nursery.and toilet they are equally in plade.
The use of them involves no danger, and the employment
of them will not cause the most timid any apprehension of
doing mischief: They always relieve, and by their cor-
rective, purifying, and healing powers, invariably prove
beneficial in every disorder incident to the human frame.
In wounds, sprains, glandular swellings, enlarged veins,
and diseases of the skin Holloway's medicines may be used
with safety. and 'certainty, without weakening .theauretem
-or transferring the disease to other parts.

On Tuesday the Commander-in-Chief at the
Nore, vice Admiral Sir Chas. Talbot, K.C.8., for-
mally opened the Recreation-room in the Naval
Barracks at Sheerness. This event. may be re-
garded as the inauguration of a new era, and it
is due to the Lords Commissioners of the Admi-
ralty that the kindly concession now made by them
should be widely known and appropriated as it de-
serves to be by the class for whose benefit it is ex-
clusively intended. Sheerness has an unfortunate
notoriety as beingthe least attractive of all the naval
ports, and there was consequently the greater need
that some plan should be devised to overcome the
repugnance seamen feel to a long term of service
there. With this view, their lordships having given
the necessary orders, a spacious and cheerful room
in the barracks, 40ft. by 37ft., has been quickly
adapted and made habitable, the stone floor boarded
over, good sashes fixed in the window places, stoves
fitted, gas laid on, and the walls hung with excel-
lent maps of all quarters of the globe. The amuse-
ments provided for the men are chess, bagatelle,
draughts, backgammon, dominoes, and other games
—and at a convenient distance a piece of ground in
the dockyard has been converted into a first-rate
skittle-alley, covered and protected from the wea-
ther. In addition-to this there is a reading and re-
freshment-room, where in the former a payment of
ld. per week constitutes membership, and in the
latter, for 2d., an excellent cup of coffee, with milk
and sugar, and a plate of bread and butter may be
procured. The avidity with which the sailors and
marines thronged into the places thus provided for
their entertainment was most gratifying to observe,
and it is to be hoped that the old aversion from the
locality will henceforth be completely overcome. All
the naval authorities have gone into the movement
con amore, the Admiral evincing constant interest
in a scheme so largely beneficial to the men, and so
well calculated to diminish offences against discip-
line—the Captain Superintendent giving all the in-
fluence of his position to carry out completely their
lordships' wishes, and the Captain, Commander,
and officers actively and assiduously labouring to
the same good end. On Wednesday the men,
speaking through their committee, composed of
petty officers, tendered their grateful acknowledg-
ments for the considerate care and attention with
which their comfort and interests have been pro-
vided for.
Yesterday her Majesty's ironclad frigate Belle-
rophon, 16, of 4,270 tons burden, entered on the
preliminary trial of her machinery, to enable the
Admiralty officials to ascertain her rate of steaming
at light draught. The steam tender Adder, Master-
Commander W. Blakey, left Chatham Dockyard
yesterday morning with the officials, under whose
superintendence the trials were to take place. These
included Capt. W. H. Stewart, C. 8., superintendent
of the dockyard; Capt. Tatham, of the Bellerophon;
Commander Stokes, Mr. Reed, Chief Constructor
of the Navy; Mr. Dinnen, of the engineer depart-
ment of the Admiralty; Professor Woolley, LL.D.,
Mr. Thornton, master shipwright; Mr. Baker, chief
engineer and inspector of machinery afloat; Mr. Bar-
naby, assistant constructor of the navy, and other
officers. By 10 o'clock the Bellerophon was reached,
lying inside the Nore with her steam up, ready for
starting. At this time her draught of water forward
was 16ft. 4in., and aft 23ft. Gin., the quantity of
coals on board being 174 tons, and other stores about
50 tons. Her screw was set at a pitch of 21ft. 84in.,
with the immersion of the upper edge of Ift. 111 in.
The weather was exceedingly unfavourable for the
trial, the wind blowing strong with a force of four to
five, which threw it into foam round the ship. At
first it was considered fha}f-the trial had better be
postponed, but it was at last determined to proceed,
mainly from the anxiety evinced by the engineers.
The firm of Messrs. Penn and Son was represented
by Mr. Matthews, and the engines were in charge of
Mr. Wigzell. On starting from her moorings the
displacement of the vessel was ascertained to be
5,600 tons. The engines were found to work very
satisfactorily, although steam had only been got up
for the first time on Tuesday. The Bellerophon was
soon advancing at a high speed, and throwing up a
great wave at her bow. This arose from the water
meeting the long projecting submerged stem. On
reaching the measured mile at the Maplin Sands it
was determined to test the vessel, although at the
time the screw could only be brought to realise a maxi-
mum of 53 revolutions, while the contract guaran-
teed that the revolutions were to be 70 per minute,
but at no time yesterday were 60 revolutions reached.
After a slight delay four runs were taken with the
following results :—First run, time, 3min. 57sec. ;
speed, 15.190 knots ; steam, 221 b ; vacuum, 26f ;
revolution of engines, 59 ; second run, 4min. 54sec. ;
speed, 12.245 knots ; steam, 221 b ; vacuum, 26 ;
revolution of engines, 58 ; third run, 4min. 9sec. ;
speed, 14.457 knots ; steam, 221 b. ; vacuum, 26f ;
revolution of engines, 57f ; fourth run, 4min.
39sec. ; speed 12.903 knots ; steam, 211 b. ; vacuum,
26 ; revolution of engines, 55k. The above read-
ings would give an average speed of 13.698 knots,
but from the circumstances stated, and from the
fact that the engine showed a falling off in the work-
ing of the screw after each run, no proper estimate
can be formed of the true speed of the vessel. At
the close of the fourth. run it was found that so
many circumstances militated against the trial,
among others inferior coal, that it was determined
to discontinue the speed trial, and some experiments
were then made in testing the steering of the
frigate. The adoption of the balanced rudder on
board a vessel of the Bellerophon class was at first
considered to be a doubtful experiment, but the re-
sults of the trials made yesterday were in the highest
degree satisfactory. With the helm at port, and the
angle of the rudder 32 deg., the helm was put over
andemdeinni4nm23ins.e3neo" the com-
secs., and the
pi foure
circletu r turnsaccomplish
eight
half circle in 1 min. 50 sec., with the helm to star-
board the rudder was brought to an angle of 37
deg. by 8 men in 25 sec. The value of the balanced
rudder in a vessel of the Bellerophon class, which
is required to steer readily to enable her broadside
battery guns to be worked with advantage, will be
apparent when, in the case of the Warrior, for in-
stance, the average time in making the circle is eight
minutes. At the close of the experiments with the
steering gear it was decided to abandon the further
trials till to-day, and the Bellerophon was moored
in readiness to pro-
morning. In the
with a fresh quantity
alongsidemeantime
e eeadntoi
mn e
hers he
wsOcean,pi
will
ebd e ctsoruai
pal
pl
s- coal-ship,
supplieddph
of hand-picked Welsh coals for her furnaces.
The 60, recently doing
coastguard now in Hamoaze,
has been cleared out, and will be placed in dock at
screwdusttyeaamt spheipmbßrloekneh,ebimut,
Keyham, for the purpose of being broken up.
The screw steam frigate Liverpool, 39, Captain
Rowley Lambert, from Ireland, arrived in Plymouh
Sound yesterday morning. She brought some
supernumerary seamen.
The screw steam storeship 'Dromedary, Master
Commander J. H. Allard, left Plymouth on Wed-
nesday evening for Ascension.
We regret to announce the death of Col. Charles
Rogge, C. 8., of the Royal (late Bengal) Artillery,
at Erith, on the 19th inst. From Hart's Army
List it appears that Col. Hogge served in the Punjab
campaign of 1848-9 as Commissary of Ordnance.
He was present at the passage of the Cheenab, at
Ramnugger, the battles of 'Chillianwallah and Gooje-
rat. For his services he obtained a medal and two
clasps, and brev'ets of Major and Lieut.-Col. He
served throughout the Indian mutiny, and was
wounded at Meerut. Subsequently he had charge
of the ordnance-park at the siege and capture of
Delhi. He was highly commended in a despatch
by Sir A. Wilson, and thanked by the Governor-
General. He was Director of Artillery to the army
under-Lord Clyde at the siege and capture of Luck-
now.. On Col. Hogge's return to England in 1863
he was selected by the Commander-in--Chierto Ue ,

Wont a Correspondent of the Times.)
WASHINGTON, Sept. 8.
The trial of Captain Wirtz, of the late Confede-
rate service, for treating the Federal prisoners at
Andersonville with great and almost unexampled
cruelty, is the most important event of the hour. It
is not only important as showing how far the bit-
ter feeling which has been excited in the North by
stories of barbarity practised in Southern prisons
is founded on sense, reason, and indisputable evi-
dence, but it is of consequence in its bearing upon
the probable future action of the general Govern-
ment towards the Southern leaders. The trial of
Wirtz is incidentally bringing out proof of the fact
which, when I stated it, with the strongest evidence
before me, was peremptorily and instantly denied—
the fact, namely, that the Confederate Government
knew of the misery and death which reigned supreme
at Andersonville. That Wirtz was less guilty than
some of his superiors is, I think, pro Ted, and I hope
it will beborne in mind when judgment is pronounced
upon him. He is a sallow, fearful, anxious-looking
man, who naturally tries to escape the gaze of a
crowded court, and seems as much shocked at some
of the evidence as his judges. I believe that the
answer of his counsel to the accusations against him
will be that he obeyed orders, and thus they will
heap further condemnation upon the Confederate
Government. But, whatever the result of the trial
may be as regards Wirtz, it is as clear as noonday
that awful atrocities were committed against the
unhappy Northern soldiers at Andersonville. The
to quoque would be no answer, even if a counter-
charge of cruelty could be proved against the North.
But it cannot. Let those who say it can bring for-
ward their evidence, as the Government here is doing.
Do not let hearsay be set against sworn testimony ;
no not-let what one man " saw" weigh against what
hundreds "felt" as well as " saw." I say again that
the barbarous treatment of Northern prisoners in
Southern pens fills the Northern people with anger.
This is not an opinion, but a fact, which every Eng-
lishman now travelling in this country can confirm,
provided his mind be not filled and choked with
foregone conclusions. You may see it in every street,
and hear it in every house. The Northern people
have not a particle of ill-feeling towards the South-
ern leaders, except that which arises from the re-
membrance of cruelties which were ." a disgrace to
civilisation." It may be said that these last are harsh
words. To assuage the irritation which they may
occasion to Southern adherents, I may mention that
they are taken from an official report in Anderson-
vine, presented by a Confederate officer to his own
Government in August, 1864.
Since, then, it is certain that greater issues than
the personal safety of Capt. Wirtz depend upon his
trial, it is desirable to gather together the pith of the
evidence so far as it has yet gone. Dr. J. C. Bates
was a medical officer of the Southern army appointed
to visit Andersonville. His sworn evidence states
that the rations were "less than 20oz. in 24 hours."
He thought it likely that " men would starve to
death" on such an allowance, especially if it was of
bad quality. He had seen men " hobbling up to
wells" carrying tin cans in their mouths because
they could not carry the cans any other way. They
were eaten up with scurvy. Dr. J. C. Pilot, also a
Confederate surgeon--for I purposely choose South
testimony at present, in order to let the Confede-
rates tell their own story—reported on Septembetr
6, 1864, that the wards of the hospital were " wild
with gangrene," and that the medical attendants
" had not even stimulants to support the system
under its depressing influence." The bread served
out, this Confederate officer complained, was "totally
unfit for the use of the sick ;" " the meat (beef) re-
ceived by the patients does not amount to over two
ounces a day," and he added an urgent appeal for
means to alleviate the sufferings of the prisoners.
When Richmond was captured abouttwo tons weight
of papers relating to the Confederacy and its Go

vernment were seized and brought to Washington.
I saw some of these papers this morning which had just
been put in evidence. Allow me to quote two or three
facts and passages from them. One series consists of

the returns of sick prisoners admitted tc., the Ander-
sonville Hospital and of the number who died. These
figures, compiled by Southern officers, show that
17,000 Northern prisoners went into the hospital, of
whom nearly 13,000 died. To make this damning
fact a little more comprehensive I quote from two
other Confederate papers put in evidence this morn-

ing, and admitted to be genuine. They are both
signed " D. J. Chandler, Lieutenant-Colonel," and
adcijessed to the Assistant Adjutant-General of the
Confederate Army. The first is dated the sth of
July, 1864.

It states that a space of only six square feet
was allowed to each prisoner ; that thus fearfully
crowded they had no shelter and no good water ;
" the ground being entirely bare of trees, no shelter
is within reach of the prisoners." It further in-

formed the officers of Mr. Davis's Government that
about 20 prisoners a day died whom the doctors had
never seen, and knew nothing about, and therefore
"it was not possible to state the number of sick
and dying." A month later Colonel Chandler—let it
constantly be remembered that he was a Southern
. .

officer writing to his own Government describing
what Colonel Fremantle calls "that generous and
humane" treatment of Federal prisoners—this officer
wrote to beg his superiors to remove General Win-

der, in whose department the prison-pen was, and
appoint " some one who at least will not advocate

deliberately and in cold blood the propriety of leav-
ing them (the prisoners) in their present condition
until their number has been sufficiently reduced by
death to make the present arrangements sufficient
for their accommodation; and who will not consider

it a matter of self-laudation and boasting that he
has never been inside the stockade, a place the horrors
of which are difficult to describe, which is a disgrace

to civilisation, and the condition of which he might,

by the exercise of a little energy and judgment, even
with the limited means at his command, have con-

siderably improved."
The evidence of Southern.officers might be alone
sufficient to depict Andersonville accurately ; but it

is fair to hear a little of what men who suffered in it

have to say. Dr. A. W. Burrows, of the 27th Massa-
chusetts regiment, was taken prisoner and confined

there. He says that he found his fellow-captives
lying on the ground, the majority without shelter.

Hounds were set on the trail of escaping prisoners,
and in two cases which came under his observation

men were mangled. The matter used for vaccina-

tion was poisonous, and used to result in large sores.
The morals of the prisoners were corrupted by this
cruel treatment. The slops of the cook-house were
thrown into the stream, the water of which the

prisoners had to drink ; human bodies lay some-
times for three days unburied, and in the month of

August (1864) the deaths were 207 in one day.
Rations were stopped for a whole day from the
whole 30,000 prisoners for the offences of a few.

Numbers of witnesses were sworn to the fact that

when they entered the prison their rings and other
trinkets were all taken from them. J. C. Alcock

deposed that he saw IVirtz shoot a prisoner dead

with a revolver because he asked for " a little
fresh air." Martin E. Hogan—l am taking the
evidence quite at random from a pile which lies
before me—swore that the men " lay in their own
filth, callipg for water and crying for food," but no
attention was paid them. W. Belcher, 16th Illinois
Cavalry, said " the prisoners were kept in-the sun-
all day, and were not allowed to procure water, He
heard Wirtz say that he was killing more Yankees
than those who were serving at the front. The
same man said he had sten several men shot for even
stretching theit hand beyon&the "dead line."
In-answer to this, and a mass to the same•effeet,