The Sun.
London, England, 1862-07-19 00:00:00

THE SUN LONDON, SA TURD A V EVENING JULY 19, 1862.

„,__.
will be perceived, is highly important to be main-
tained
in all its integrity at a crisis like the present.
Lord PALMERSTON fully accepts it—adverting with
approbation to Mr. WHITESIDE'S arguments his
lordship said—He has argued that which lam not
going to dispute, namely, that if this country
thought it right to do so, we should be perfectly
I justified in acknowledging the independence of the
Southern States, provided only that that indepen-
dence had been, in the words which he used, "firmly
and permanently established.” And, moreover, I
quite concur with him that the fact of our acknow-
ledgment of that independence, if we thought it
right to make it, would be no just cause of war on
the part of the Northern States—would be no just
cause of offence on the part of the Northern States

as against this country."
It resolves itself, therefore, into a question of the
prudent time for doing the thing, and Lord PAL-
MERSTON might fairly ask, that as no one had to
blame the Government thus far, the question of
time might be left in its hands. He held that the
Confederates were not yet in a position to justify
onr recognition as a Government, though we could
recognise them as belligerents :—" I contend, he
said, that up to the present moment whatever may
be the opinion which anybody entertain of
the great determination of the Southerns to
fight till the very last for the maintenance of
their independence, practically the contest has
not yet assumed that character which would
justify this country in assuming that that inde-
penience was permanently and firmly established.
But then many people who talk of acknowledg-
ment seem to imply that acknowledgment if made
would establish establish some different position
between this country and the Southern States. It
would establish none, unless it was followed up by
some direct and active interference. Neutrality, as
well argued by the right hon. gentleman, is per-
fectly compatible with acknowledgment. We may
be neutral in war between two countries whose
independence we never called in question, Two
long established countries go to war, and we
acknowledge the indepenence of both, but we are
not on that account bound to take part in the
con test."

As every one would object to armed intervention,
no one having even suggested it, it is important
that this clear view of our relations should have
been publicly settled by the debates. If America
has no right to resent recognition, all Europe may
unite in it, and the tendency of its doing so would
be towards peace. It might leave the combatants
to fight on yet awhile ; es long, that is, as the North
was not weary of shedding blood and spending
money for mere ambition ; but the new status of
the South would go far towards suppressing
some of the most infuriating war-cries of the
North. It would be the jadgment of Europe,
on one point at least, that the South
had fought itself into nationality, and that
if conquered, it would now be its reduction from
a nation to a province. On the whole, the debate
will be read with far more satisfaction in the
South than in the North. The South will see in
it what they knew well before—our detestation of
their infernal institution, but it will also see that
we do not admit the North to be entitled to thank
GOD that it is not as the South is. Even its own
advocates were compelled to admit that the Free
States had laid themselves out to protect and uphold
i slavery.

The incident which has recently taken place
in the Popular Chamber at Turin is, we cannot
but still think, most remarkable. CRISPI (of all

men in the world, CRISPI !) interposed there,' i
will be remembered, as a mediator between the
Prime Minister RATTAZZI and the National Hero,
GARIBALDI. A representative—it was Signor
BAGGIO—had inaugurated a discussion upon GARI-
BALDI'S recent proceedings in the South, by object-
ing, first of all, to the circular issued by the Gene-
ral and the Council at Belgirate! Objecting to
that circular, for, inasmuch as it asserts quite
plainly the right of all Italians to march to the
liberation of their oppressed brethren—no matter
where those brethren might be situated, in what
central point or at what extremity of the Roman
peninsula! Signor BAGGIO there upon asking among
other questions—" Without the consent of the
Government ?" And adding, in a rapid sequence of
interrogations—" Did the Government know of
GARIBALDI'S intention of visiting Palermo ? Had
he gone to establish rifle clubs as in Lombardy ?
Had the authorities in Palermo shared in his re-
sponsibility ? What precautions had the Govern-
ment taken ?" It was in answer to all these pointed
enquiries that the Minister RATTAZZI with a bold-
ness we might even say (remembering GARIBALDI'S
matchless popularity among the Italians), with a
rashness of audacity never before manifested by him
—formally "denounced GARIBALDI'S speeches as in-
sulting to the Emperor NAPOLEON and to the French
nation ; declared that the Government had no idea
of GARIBALDI'S intentions until his departure from
Caprera to Palermo was an accomplished fact ; ex-
pressed his regret that the prefect PALLATICINO
had been present during the harangue ; adding,
moreover, that he had telegraphed to this effect,
that he was awaiting the answer, and that if
necessary he was ready to recall all the authorities
present"—present that is,at the late notable demons-
tration. Here it was, at this point in the discus-
sion, that Signor CRISPI rose, ascended the tribune,
and there appeared and spoke after the fashion of
poor TOM STEELE—though with more of O'CON-
NELL'S eloquence than of TOM STEELE'S eccentricity
—as a sort of Head Pacificator ! GARIBALDI, hi
speaking as he had spoken, argued CRISPI, did so
as a Soldier and not as a Diplomatist. More than
that CRISPI maintained—and with reason—that
GARIBALDI'S late harangue to the Sicilians and
Earl RUSSELL'S recent despatch to the British Am-
bassador at Paris, were, in point of fact, in their
drift, if not in their substance, identical. The
Sicilians, CRISPI reminded the House, had re-
sponded to GARIBALDI'S appeal by crying aloud,
"To Rome ! To Rome !" To which GARIBALDI'S
one reply had been " Prepare !" When in the midst
of his speech CRISP.' was interrupted by the Presi-
dent with the remark that he knew Sicily as well
as the hon. representative—implying that he (the
President) differed with him in his conclusions
—what was the Orator's response ? "No ! I was
born there. I have lived there. I have governed
the country. The Minister's knowledge comes
second hand. Let him beware ! Let him study
the present condition of Sicily before he enforces
measures whose consequences may prove fatal
to Sicily and to the unity of Italy." Whether
RATTAZZI'S Government will take this earnest
warning to heart or not, may yet be doubted.
Certain it is that CRISPI'S " Beware !" told power-
fully when it was uttered in the hearing of all pre-
sent in the Chamber ! As to GARIBALDI, he might

speak them !" For thus—in these very w
exclaim with truth—" If I use not daggerosr,dls—whilel
is reported, upon the authority of the .Pays,
to
have spoken the other day to the people at Palermo—
"The ruler of France occupies Rome under the plea
of protecting the POPE'S person , religion, and Catho-
licism. I' 1
Sicilian V-easp'seerh: People of 1860, it is
urge od ! Falsehood I People
tof the
and it
is necessary that the French should leave Rome !
n
If needful, prepare
new Vespers! Every citizen

who has the emancipation of the country at heart
ought to sharpen his stiletto !" And in answer to
this not simply flinging down of the gauntlet, but
actual brandishing of the dagger, RATTAZZI has
now spoken in the Chambers, generally repudiating
GARIBALDI. Remembering which, it is almost
impossible not to feel perfectly well persuaded that,
in spite of Signor CRISPI'S well intentioned inter-
position, the exact point has been reached marking
out the beginning of the end ! And that out of the
• very collision of opinions among the soldiers and
statesmen of Italy the destinies of the Italians will
right themselves.

During the course of the debate which arose
last evening in the House of Lords, in consequence
of the observations uttered by the Earl of
CARNARYON in regard to the whole Question
of our Colonial Fortifications, we are rejoiced
that we have occasion to remark the perfect
coincidence of some of the opinions expres-
sed by the Duke of NEWCASTLE and by the
Earl of ELLENBOROUGH in reference to the non
passing of the Militia Bill by the Canadian Par-
liament. That the Militia Bill should not have
been passed by that Legislature is to us, in some
respects, a circumstance, altogether inexplicable. It
is, to say the very least of it, an egregious over-
sight. It is, according to the phrase of TALLEY-
RAND, worse than a fault, it is a mistake. " I can-
not understand," exclaims Lord ELLENBOROUGH,
" what spirit of infatuation can have pos-
sessed that Parliament to act in such a
manner." The most ordinary sense of prudence
one would have imagined must, by a sort of neces-
sity, have dictated a wholly different course of pro-
ceeding. The terrible struggle going on there at
this moment in the South, between the Federals
and the Confederates, would of itself, anyone almost
might have conjectured, have proved quite weighty
reason enough for the passing of the Militia Bill
by the Canadian Parliament : instead of for the
passing of it—by !We cannot certainly go with
Lord ELLENBOROUGH, when he asks indignantly,
as it were, of the members of that Canadian Par-
liament —" Is it possible that they can-
not sees what every other man must see—
that in whatever manner the present civil
war in America terminates, whether in the
success of the North or in the separation of
the South, the immediate result will be an
irruption into, Canada? If the people of the North
fail," the noble earl goes on to say with amusing con-
fidence, " they will attack Canada as a compensa-
tion for their loss. If they succeed, they will attack
Canada in the drunkenness of victory. They will
then have an army which it will be difficult to con-
trol—an army very differently constituted from any
which America has ever possessed before." In all
this, of course, we cannot but think that Lord
ELLENBOROUGH is jumping to his conclusions rather
precipitately. We have a shrewd suspicion that
under any circumstances the Federal army, whether
victorious or defeated, will " think twice," as the
saying is, before plunging hastily into a
new war (even though it be that most
tempting of all wars to some among
our unnatural and would-be fratricidal kinsfolk, a
War with the Britishers) upon that long-coveted
soil of Canada ! Stilt there is the obvious risk of
it. And that the Canadian Parliament should thus
quietly ignore the risk that is patent to the whole
world besides, and calmly refrain altogether from
passing the Militia Bill, that would otherwise, if
passed, have gone far towards preparing them be-
times for every possible emergency, certainly does
altogether surpass our comprehension. As things
are—we have now sent over 12,000 of our troops to
Canada for the defence of that colony in case of
any attempted seizure of it by invasion. More

cannot reasonably be looked for from England by
the Canadian people, who must now do whatever
else may be requisite for their defence themselves.
Let our colonists in Canada, and not only in Ca-
nada but elsewhere, throughout the whole of our
vast dominion, take a hint from that great move-
ment which has within so brief an interval sum-
moned together permanently, in defence of Eng-
land, an army of from 100,000 to 200,000 Rifle
Volunteers.

Whatever be the merits of the personal squabble
between the Dictator Secretary in England and the
Finance Minister, late of Calcutta, one conviction
must force itself on all who have read Mr. LAING'S
pamphlet,and then had the patience to wade through
the columns of speech uttered by Sir C. WooD.
The contrast between the statesmanship combined
and financial ability, on the part of Mr. LAING and
his lamented superior in Calcutta, and the technical,
and, we believe, mistaken clerkship of the Indian
Secretary, is apparent at a glance. It is impossible
not to feel how Old Whiggism punishes a whole
Empire, by placing at its head—for the Indian
Secretary is the superior of the Indian Viceroy—a
very fourth-rate man, because he is connected with
the old clique. We surely ought to have some per-
son superior to the clerkly class to superintend in
England what requires something more than a
knowledge of figures. If the Whigs cannot furnish
us with some one who can do something better than
bait Mr. LUNG and Lord CANNING, because they
prefer a different method of viewing and stating
matters of account from that of the Secretary—
why let us go begging to the Tories ; they could
at least furnish us a Lord STANLEY, who would
take Imperial ♦iews of Indian finance.
It seems hardly credible, yet such is the fact, that
our Indien Secretary sent out an injunction to Lord
CANNING' to withhold the extra grants which he
and Mr. LAING had proposed for education and
public work ! Now it is perfectly certain that the
Exchequer was practically in a state to afford them,
and to find in them a profitable investment.
Whether the WOODEN or the LAING mode of stat-
ing the accounts were the right way, the mosey
was there ; independently of loans, Mr. LAING
says the cash balances could afford it. Now, if
there be one thing a statesman in India would
further as a means of conciliating the people to our
rule, it is education. A thirst for it is extending.
A hundred thousand pounds of grants in aid would
be gladly met by another voluntarily subscribed by
the natives ; and universally education disgusts
them with Hindooism and attaches them to western
civilisation. To check this wise policy of Lord
CANNING through vexatious dictatorship about a
balance-sheet is suicidal.

As bad this at least, most will think worse, is the
dictatorial interference with the extra amount—
£soo,oo0—
proposed for public work?. The case is
peculiar; the Indian Secretary of Public Works
had shown that a large expenditure had been going
on for years in driblets, but completing nothing.
He showed that a heavy charge had been incurred
for roads and other works, which were compara-
tively useless and unremunerative because of their
incompleteness. Even the grand trunk road at ne
great distance from Calcutta was so marred in its
continuity by unbridged rivers and ravines, that its
results were undeveloped, and so of other works.
The Secretary, Colonel YULE, therefore, urged an
immediate outlay, larger than usual, to render these
nearly complete, but practically unserviceable,
works at once complete and remunerative. "There
was," says Mr. LAING, "no object nearer Lord
CANNING'S heart than this, and his only doubt was

whether with such a large cash balance we should
confine ourselves to the £500,000, which could be
spared without incurring a deficit, or take a further
sum avowedly from the cash balances." Lord CAN-
NING refrained from doing it to avoid hazard of
wasteful administration in details, while so much
was being spent in railways. Yet to prohibit the
outlay of the £500,000, which the cautious but
statesmanlike policy of Lord CANNING had arranged
for, is the " penny wise" policy of our Indian Sec-
retary ! Most readers will, we think, apply to it,
especially in connection with forcing on Lord CAN-
NING a much larger army than he wished, the other
half of the proverbial expression. What, however,
are we to think of the Indian Secretary who, when
Manchester is starving for want of easy access to
Indian cotton, steps in and, while his exchequer is
full, vetos the expenditure on public works—roads
and irrigation—which Lord CANNING had sanc-
tioned ! If Manchester wants access to India
wooden walls are obviously one serious obstacle.
Economy in the Indian army, liberality on public
works, is the CANNING and LAING policy. Expen-
diture on the army, pinching public works, is the
WOOD policy. Let Manchester and Calcutta, let
all India and England, pronounce between the two.

ROYAL DRAMATIC COLLEGE FANCY

FAIR.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SIR,—On looking over the list of names of the ladies
who have kindly promised their aid on the above occasion

it strikes me as a little remarkable that not one connected
with the Italian opera houses is to be seen in it. I do not
pretend to account for the omission, but I cannot think it
arises from any disinclination on the part of the fair artistes
to help so good a charity. It may be that they have not
been invited to assist, or that they do not feel disposed to
volunteer from a fear of being thought intrusive; but, be
the cause what it may, it ought, if possible, to be removed,
because their great and deserved popularity would render
their presence very welcome to the visitors, and most ad-
vantageous to the institution.—l have the honour to be,
sir, your most obedient servant, G. E.
July 19, 1862.

THE PRINCE OF WALES.—His Royal Highness
the Prince of Wales, accompanied by Captain Grey, arrived
at Tunbridge Wells on Thursday at one p.m., on a short
visit to the ex-Queen of France, Marie Ameiie, and the
Duke de Montpensier.
THE VICEROY OF EGYPT.—An address was
transmitted to his Highness the Viceroy of Egypt, through
the Hon. Charles A. Murray, yesterday, from the Evan-
gelical Alliance, thanking his highness for his determina-
tion to act upon the principles of just and benevolent tole-
ration in the country under his rule, and for the interposi-
tion recently made under nis highness's authority on
behalf of a native Christian who was suffering severely from
a fanatical outbreilk in the city of Sirjut for having under-
taken to defend a native woman, herseif also persecuted on
account of religion.
THE VICEROY OF EGYPT AND THE MAYOR OF
LIVERPOOL.—As an acknowledgment of the distinction
and munificent hospitality with which he was received on
the occasion of his recent visit to Liverpool, his Highness
Said Pasha, Viceroy of Egypt, has transmitted to his
Worship the Mayor of that town (Mr. Robert Hutchison),
a magnificent gold snuff-box. It is set with brilliants, and
is made to rest on a basement of exceedingly fine malachite,
and, as a whole, is a bijou of great beauty as well as of high
value.

LAMBETH SUSPENSION BRIDGE.---The progress
of this new bridge (at present the only adaptation of wire
ropes in the construction of bridges across the Thames) has
been surprisingly rapid during the last few weeks. Already
half the iron roadway, with its projecting brackets at the
sides for the support of the passengers' footway, has been
firmly attached to the iron wire ropes (which latter weigh
nearly 150 tons and have cost about £6,000) by diagonal
tics of great strength and firmness. The cables, which
were manufactured by the Messrs. Newell, in a small work-
shop at the Lambeth side of the bridge, are fine specimens
of strength combined with lightness. The workmen are
busily engaged upon the approaches of the bridge, the
Westminster end of which is opposite Market-street, the
Lambeth end being approached from Church-street. The
total cost of the bridge will be £40,000.

General Prim has arrived at Madrid, and had an
audience of the Queen. Marshal Serrano is to be replaced
in Cuba by General Dulce. His nomination as ambassador
in Paris will, a telegraph despatch from Madrid states, be
signed by the Queen immediately.
ENGLISH TRAVELLERS IN SWITZERLAND.—A
correspondent, writing from Bea, makes the following ob-
servations :—" Last year you made most judicious observa-
tions on English guys abroad, but I am sorry to say that
it has not done much good, for the strangest figures come
here, quite destroying the beauty of the scene and the calm
of one's mind by appearing in oak leaf wreaths made of
gold at breakfast time, and no sleeves, as if preparing for a
household wash. Gentlemen come with beards of all
colours only to be compared to those of a tambour-major
in France, where they are handsome and appropriate, but
here rev. divines and elderly gentlemen, whose beards re-
fuse to fall gracefully from age, being no longer silky, and
look like ill-made brushes, although not half so useful,
persist in wearing them. The females bring to the table-
d'hote dressing-case bottles with brandy, saying that the
wine is acid, and brandy and water strongly recommended :
now if you cDuld notice in your valuable paper those strange
acts, and take away from England the disgrace of sending
such guys abroad, you would be doing a real service to the
respectable portion of English travellers.

The son of the Prince of Capna, and consequently
cousin of the ex-King Francis 11. of Naples, has taken
service in the Italian army.
Dr. Langenbeck has arrived at Berlin on his
return from Warsaw, where he had gone to examine the
wound of General Luders. The general's life, it appears,
is in no danger, as the ball with which he was struck was
not poisoned as reported.
Oa the occasion of the accouchement of the Grand
Duchess Constantine of Russia, many of the houses of
Warsaw were spontaneously illuminated. The Grand Duke
immediately sent for the President of the city and the
municipal councillors Lewsinski, Selenkier, and Hiszpanski,
to thank them for that demonstration on the part of the
Polish population.
A YACHT SUNK IN THE THAMES.—LOSS OF FOUR
Livas.—On Thursday afternoon last a shocking accident,
which resulted in the loss of four lives, occurred in the
river nearly opposite the Erith gardens and steamboat pier.
It appears that the Hawk, a small sailing yacht, and one of
the vessels entered for a match to take place en Saturday
next, having been fitted with a new sail, left Blackwall and
proceeded down the river on a trial trip, having on board
the captain, three of her crew, and a young man named
John Stablin, a stoker in the service of the Woolwich Steam
Packet Company. When off Erith a sudden squall arose,
and the men were unable to manage the vessel, which soon
filled with water and went down by the fore, all tha men
being drowned with the exception of the captain, who was
with difficulty saved. One of the deceased had been a sea-
man on board the Fox during one of the Arctic expeditions.
The bodies have not yet been recovered.
REGISTERED LETTERS.—On theist August next,
and thenceforward, the fee charged at all post-offices for re-
gistering inland letters during the present hours of regis-
tration will be reduced from 6d, to 4d. The registration
fees on foreign and colonial letters will remain unaltered.
At the metropolitan chief offices, at the Lcndon district
offices (including the Lombard-street and Charing-cross,
branches), and at the provincial head offices, registration
whether for inland, foreign, or colonial letters will be ex-
tended until the closing of the letter-box for each despatch,
or until the office is closed for the night, upon payment of a
late fee of 4d., in addition to the:ordinary registration fee
The Post-office cannot undertake the safe transmission of
valuable enclosures in unregistered letters. So sent, they
are exposed to serious risk, but when registered they are
practically safe. As a step, therefore, towards the, more
general registration of all such letters, it is inteTuled not
only to reduce the fee, but to treat as registered all letters
unquestionably containing coin, even the,ugh they be
posted without registration, charging them on delivery with
a double registration fee, that is to say, with a fee of Bd. in
addition to the ordinary postage ; and furrher, should it be
found that any such letters cannot be registered in time to
be forwarded by the mail for which they were posted, they
will be detained for the next despatch, In the first instance,
however, this course will be adopted only as regards letters
posted in, or addressed to, or passing through London—
foreign and colonial letters excepted.
INDIA AND THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—
The Indian Court continues one of the most attractive fat--
tures of the International Exhibition; thousands of persons
daily testify to the wonderful completeness of this most
interesting collection of Indian manufactures, and many
are the expressions of surprise at the great skill displayed
in the workmanship, and the high state of finish to which
many articles are brought. The most interesting cases in
this Court are those containing the jewels and Kashmir
shawls—the latter having the advantage, is particularly
attractive. Some exquisite shawls, marked as having been
imported by Messrs. Farmer and Rogers, cannot be sur •
passed; the fineness of quality and grandeur of design
must convince the most ordinary observer that they are
the finest shawls in the Exhibition. Great credit is due to
this firm for the manner in which they assist in developing
our trade with India, and the enterprise and energy they
display in collecting the best descriptions of India shawls.
Persons desirous of a closer inspection of these curious
specimens of Eastern skill should visit the India Warehouse
of Messrs. Farmer and Rogers in Regent-street, where
they will find an endless variety of wonderful deeigul"

LATEsr NEWS.

CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA.

QUEENSTOWN, JULY 19.

The Royal Mail steamship Arabia, Capt. Stone,
from Boston on the 9th and Halifax ou the 11th
inst., arrived here at 1.30 a.m. (? 9.30 p.m. yester-
day).
She brings 164 passengers and 352,000 dols. in
specie,

The Arabia landed all her mails, except those
for Liverpool, and proceeded at 1.30 a.m., all well.

(Per Arabia, via Boston and Roche's Point.)

NEW YORK, JULY 9.

General Burnside's army is moving from New_
berm in the direction of Richmond.
The Federals are evacuating Yorktown.

The Confederates are reported to be falling back
:o Richmond.

Captain Wilkes has been appointed to the com-
mand of the James River flotilla.

Two Confederate gunboats and one ram are re-
ported in Mobile Bay.
Ten thousand Confederates are below Mobile, on
the Shell-road.

The inhabitants aro sanguine that the city could
not be taken.

General Bragg is reported to be at Lupello with
40,000 Confederates.

The New York press continue to urge upon the
Government more rapid and more extensive war
preparations of every description, by land and sea.
The Mayor of New York has issued a proclama-
tion saying that the country demands the services
of all loyal persons, not only to put down the re-
bellion, but also to repel with becoming spirit the
first approach of foreign intervention, obscurely
threatened, which cannot be admitted without

national disgrace.
The New York Times urges that in case of foreign
intervention Southern negro regiments should be

raised,

The Tariff Bill, which has been reported to the
Senate, raises the duty on all spirits except brandy,
to 50c. per gallon. The duty on iron is also in-