The Sun.
London, England, 1862-10-08 00:00:00

THE ,SIT, LONDON, WFIDNESDAY

continued very bad ; at night more moderate. Ar •
-
ranged to launch our boat on Friday if possible, as
several of the men were able to get about, the others
getting much worse, especially George Elliot, the
second mate, who gave up completely, but a very
heavy gale came on suddenly, and in a short time
the breakers were round the boat, and 13 who
were unable to move were carried up amongst the
rocks in the snow until the others could make a
place to cover us. I consider we all owe our lives
to the untiring exertions of Mr. Hopkins, the mate,
who has been the chief means in procuring food
and shelter. Our boat, lam thankful to say, has
not received much damage, although thrown a long
way up the rocks. Up to Sunday, the 6th, the
weather unsettled, but very cold and frosty, six of
us being able to get about, killed our pig, and a
quantity of penguins, and commenced to get our
boat down the rocks, intending to get away on
Monday. Monday, 7th, towards the latter part of
the day, launched our boat. Left nine men and two
boys on the island, nine of them in a sad condition,
the other two to wait and attend on them. In the
boat, four seamen, the mate, passenger, and myself;
had a slight variable wind, and rain, but towards
night got a strong southerly wind, steered to the
N.W. 2 a.m., Tuesday, Bth, made land, and found
it to be the western part of the East Falkland, near
100 miles from Port Stialey. Throughout Tues-
day the wind southerly, steered up along the
land. Tuesday night fine, but sharp frost, suf-
fering much from cold, wind westerly. 9th, Wed-
nesday, about 8 a.m., sighted the lighthouse,
bearing north, about 15 miles, but the wind at
' that time hauled to the northward, and com-
menced to blow strong, we at that time being about
12 miles eff the land ; put our boat about to stand
in shore, intending to beach her if we could not find
a place to run in, our feet getting very bad, and the
whole of us nearly exhausted. About 11 a.m. saw
a vessel steering towards us, and in a short time ran
down and took us on board, where wo met with the
greatest kindness from all on board, giving us
everything we wanted, washing and dressing our
feet, and putting us into warm beds, and had the
first sleep for 19 days. The schooner was on a seal-
ng voyage, her name the Perseverance, of Stanley,
Captain Nicholls, belonging to the Falkland Islands
Company. The captain immediately put about for
Port Stanley, and shortly afterwards spoke the
company's schooner Victoria; reported to Captain
Van Zandt that there was 11 men on the Beauchene
Island in a sad condition. He immediately steered
away for that place. About 2 a.m., Thursday, July
10, 1862, we arrived in Port Stanley, in the Perse-
verance, when the sailors were removed on shore in
lodgings, and put under the care of Dr. Hamblin ;
the Governor kindly supplied them with clothes and
everything they required in their sad state. The chief
mate and myself and passenger were taken to Falk-
land Island Company's storekeeper's house, Daniel
M`Carrell, where we met with every kindness and
attention from Dr. Hamblin. Saturday, July 12,
1862, the schooner Victoria arrived from the island
at Stanley, with the remainder of the crew, when
they were removed on shore to lodgings previously
prepared for them, where they had the attendance
of Dr. Hamblin, and were we] I supplied with every-
thing required, and servants to attend them with
everything. On Sunday, 13th, George Elliot,
departed this life ; he had been very low previously.
Tuesday, 15th, William Edwards, A. 8., also de-
parted this life. The men report having every
kindness and attention shown them on board the
Victoria schooner. Dr. Hamblin has been under
the necessity of amputating the legs of several of
the crew, and I think thereby saving their lives.
The crew, with myself, beg to return our warmest
thanks to his Excellency the Governor, the Govern-
ment officials, and people of Stanley, for their great
care and kindness.

ANDREW PEASE, late Master of the barque
Cubanai

DAVID HOPKINS, Mate.

STANLEY, FALKLAND ISLANDS.

LIST OF THE CREW OF THE BARQUE CUBANA,
492 TONS.—Andrew Peare, aged 34, master, and
David Hopkins, 36, chief .mate, forwarded to
England via Monte Video, 12th of August, 1862.
George Elliot, 37, second mate, died 13th of
July, 1862, Sunday, 7.45 a.m. William Pitcairn,
29, carpenter, very bad feet; beginning to walk.
William Clark, 25, steward, very bad ; not yet
able to walk. James Rees, 29, cook, and
Thomas Thomas, 25, A. 8., bad feet; beginning to
walk. John Ace, 23, A. 8., fastly recovering; able
to walk. Andrew Johnson, 33, A. 8., fastly re-
covering; can walk a little. Isaac Isaacson, 24,
A. 8., shipped on board the Tynemouth July 30,
1862. John Stevens, 31, A. 8., four toes gone, bad
feet. David Evans, 27, A. 8., both legs amputated,
recovering. Thomas Delany, 22, A. 8., one leg
amputated, other foot very bad. Wm. Edward,
26, A. 8., died July 15, 1862. James Brown, 0.5.,
bad feet ; can walk a little. Warren Trestrail, 17,
boy, both legs amputated; recovering. Frederick
Squires, 16, boy, both legs amputated, hands very
bad ; recovering slowly. Thomas Hooper, 28, pas-
senger, gone to Valparaiso in H.M.S. Tribune.
I certify the above account to be correct from the
captain's statement.

WM. R. PYNE,
Acting Colonial Secretary.
Colonial Secretary's-office, Aug. 13, 1862.

711 E INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.

The early part of yesterday at the Exhibition
gave promise of unusually good results as regards
numbers. The admissions up to 1 o'clock were
nearly 40,000, and promised to be 60,000 before the
close ; but as the rain fell so the admissions fell
equally fast, end scarcely more than 3,000 were
added to the numbers after the bad weather had
fairly set in. The total admissions were only
42,453, of which 3,475 were season-tickets and
38,978 by shilling payments. Soon after 4 o'clock
it was almost dark in the building, so that even be-
fore the visitors had left the little gas jete, few and
far between, which just serve to guide the police
about the building during the night, were lighted
for the first time during the hours of the building,
remaining open to the public. If we are not much
mistaken, the public will soon get accustomed to
this unwonted aspect of the interior, unless the
hours of closing are made a little earlier before the
end of this month. How the nave, &c., is to be
lighted, if the fortnight during which it is to re-
main open in November for the sale of goods
should prove a foggy one, is a puzzle to the execu-
tive. In fact, on foggy days during that season of
the year it will be scarcely possible to open it to the
public at all. Some uncertainty appears to exist as
to the intention of the Commissioners with regard
to season ticketholders daring this November fort-
night. It is some time since it was decided that all
holders of these tickets were entitled to admission
to the building, but not to Horticultural Garaens,
after the 18th inst. In reference to a remark which
we made in our notice of the photographic class as
to some of the pictures shown by Mr. Herbert
Watkins having apparently suffered from the most
unfit
hns aatruer eh
uo fngt,he place in which all the photo-
ferfo
them that
portraitsgentleman,
wasw
e shave received an explanation
entirely tati ngd thatue thet theo
dampness deterioration
ef
the walls on which they were hung. We can hardly
call Mr. Watkins fortunate in not being the only
sufferer from this cause, though he certainly is to
be congratulated in having suffered far less than
many others. The whole collection, in fact, is now
more or less spoilt (many series have been entirely
destroyed) by alternate days of great heat and great
moisture.

According to advices from the River Plate, an
important item of commerce is about to be added to the
resources of Montevideo. Eighty specimens of a hardy de-
scription of silkworm, Gusano .Reeino, were introduced into
that country about eight months ago, and it is affirmed that
at the present time they are counted in millions, being the
produce of five generations in this short period. The
plant recino upon which the worms feed grows spontane-
ously in the Republic, and is said to be of such fine quality
and so appropriate for their food that the cocoons
i present a
consistency and weight superior to those produced n Europe,
or even in China. Specimens are expected in England by
resisted
without
the next mail. The silkworms, it is added, have passed
through an unusually severe winter, which they
suffering the losses that occur with the China
t worm.

_HEALTH OF LOIVDON DURING THE

WEEK.

(From the Registrar-General's Weekly Return.)
In the week that ended last Saturday the deaths
in London were 1,229. If the deaths from epidemic
cholera in the 40th week of 1854 are excluded from
th© facts on which the calculation is based, it will
appear that the average number of deaths (with cor-
rection for increase of population) for corresponding
weeks of ten years 1852-61 is 1,132. The deaths in
last week were therefore in excess of the estimated
number by 97.
There were 12 deaths in the week from small-
pox. Three of these occurred in the sub-district of
St. John (St. George-in-the-East). The deaths from
measles rose to 59, of which 20 occurred in the east
districts, chiefly Hoxton, Haggerstone, an d Bethnal-
green. There were 4in the sub• district of Wands-
worth. Scarlatina was fatal in 88 cases. There were
four deaths from murder or manslaughter.

Last week the births of 832 boys and 855 girls, in
all 1,687 children, were registered in London. In
the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1852-61
the average number (corrected) was 1,699.
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean
height of the barometer in the week was 29.937 in.
The mean reading was above 30 in. on the last three
days. The readings fell to 29.58 in. on Monday,
and rose to 30.30 in. on Saturday. The mean tem-
perature of the air in the week was 58.1 deg., which
is 4,5 deg. above the average of the same week in 43
years (as determined by Mr. Glaisher). The mean
daily temperature was above the average on every
day except Wednesday; and on Monday and Friday
this excess was 7 deg. or more. The lowest night
temperature was 43.7 deg. on Wednesday ; the
highest day temperature was 71.7 deg. on Friday.
The range of the thermometer in the week was,
therefore, 28 deg. The mean daily range was 15
deg. The difference between the mean dew-point
temperature and air temperature was only
2.5 deg. The mean degree of humidity of the air
was 92, complete saturation being represented by
100, which point was reached on Saturday, and
nearly attained on Sunday, Monday, and Thursday.
The amount of rain was 0,64 in., which fell chiefly
on Monday and Tuesday.
In the 13 weeks that ended on Saturday, Sept. 27,
15,133 deaths were registered in London. Of the
persons enrolled on the list, 8,184, being consider-
ably more than half, had not entered their 21st year,
and a large proportion of the latter number died in
infancy ; 413 persons were 80 years old and upwards.
The mortality of the summer quarter is much
governed by the temperature. In the two seasons,
embracing corresponding months of 1861-62, the
mean temperature of the air was 60 deg. 4 min. and
58 deg. 7 min. respectively, and the deaths in either
were about 15,000. In the warm summer of 1859,
when the temperature rose to 62 deg. 9 min., the
deaths rose to 16,000 ; in that of 1860, when the
temperature fell to 56 deg. 8 min., they declined to
12,916. Observations on summer heat according to
its effects on various situations, as these may differ
in elevation, in water supply, in drainage, in the
moral and physical condition of their inhabitants,
might be undertaken with much advantage by the
medical officers of health in their several districts:
The total deaths in the quarter from zymotic
diseases were 4,721, or not much less than a third
part of the deaths from all causes. Diarrhcea, to
which 956 deaths were referred, was the most fatal
disease in this class; cholera, to which head cases
of choleraic diarrhoea are assigned, was the cause of
89 deaths. The deaths from diarrhoea were more
numerous in St. John, Westminster, than in any
other metropolitan sub-district; 28 were returned
there, whilst in other localities of nearly equal po-
pulation, viz., St. Mary, Paddington ; Christchurch,
Marylebone ; Regent's-park, Somers-town, Mile-
end Old-town East, the numbers were respectively
13, 87, 6, 12, and 15. In Bow, with a population
of 36,000, the deaths from diarrhoea were 121,while
in Kentish-town, which contains 44,000, there were
only 8. There were 14 in Plumstead (where there
were also 19 from scarlatina). In Hackney, with
a population of 83,000, the fatal cases of diarrhoea
did not exceed 18. In the district of St. Saviour,
Southwark, the number was 20 ; in that of St.
Olave, with more than half the population of the
r former, the number was only 2. The causes that
produce such a diversity of results should be aster
' tained,

Scarlatina and typhus caused nearly equal
amounts of mortality—the former 841 deaths, the
latter 833. These numbers, but especially the latter,
are high relatively to those of the same quarter in
1860-61, Diphtheria was returned in 144 cases.
Bronchitis and pneumonia were decidedly more
fatal 'than in the warm quarter of 1859.
Twenty-six persons died by murder or man-
slaughter, 70 by suicide, 449 by accident or negli-
gence.

dry. He told Gardiner that some of the marks of
blood were not there when he searched the place
before, as he had himself taken the board twice to
the window to examine it or. the Monday, and again
on the Thursday, and there were no marks on it
then. They went downstairs, and the prisoner said
it might have been done while washing the corpse.
When they got downstairs Gardiner pointed out a
mark of blood on the curtain of the front window
on the ground floor. He opened the window, and
on the inside of the shutter he found the mark of a
finger in blood. He then told Gardiner that he had
examined it on several occasions, and he was quite
sure it was not there. Gardiner made no reply to
that. They went up stairs again, and Gardiner
said he was quite sure his wife had been murdered.
He asked him what made him think that, and he
said, " Because her poor hands were cut so, and he
believed that girl did it." He asked him why ho
said that, and he said, because she knew she had to
leave ; and, moreover, he had on one occasion been
up to her room before she was up, and he found a
knife sticking in the edge of the door. He asked her
what that meant, and she said she did not intend
that he should find her alive, and he had more than
once heard her threaten her own life or his. On
Saturday, the 20th, he went with Monger to Graves-
end. He took a change of clothes with him for
the purpose of bringing back those worn by the
prisoner Humble. He saw Humble at her mother's
house at Gravesend, and asked her if she had upon
any occasion taken a knife upstairs with her, and
she said " No ;" and that Gardiner had never been
in her room before she was up, to her knowledge.
He asked her to change her clothes, and she did so,
and gave him those she said she took off. He
brought t hem to London, and the underclothing was
taken to Dr. Segueira, but nothing was discovered.
There were three rooms to the prisoner Gardiner's
house in Northumberland-alley, one above the other,
and also a cellar.
In cross-examination by Mr. Sleigh, he said when
he went into the room on the morning of the 15th
the deceased woman was lying on the floor. She
had on only a short flannel and a chemise. He put
his hand on the face, and it was quite cold. He did
not attempt to move any of the limbs. As far as he
could judge, she might have been dead several hours.
The body was at the side of the bed, lying parallel
with it, her right shoulder partly under the bed.
The corner of the blanket, sheet, and counterpane
had a patch of blood on them about the size of a
hand, from having touched the body. The blood he
saw at the head of the bed on the Friday was not
on the head board, but on a piece of the cornice
which was leaning against the wall at the head of
the bed. The spots of blood on that where it stood
were about four feet from where the body lay. He
looked at that board on the Monday morning. The
mark as of a wet bloody cloth was on the rail at the
foot of the bed. It was dry at the time he saw it.
He saw no bucket, or any signs of any person hav-
ing been cleaning. He saw Gardiner each day be-
tween the Monday and Friday, but he said nothing
to him about finding the knife in Humble's room
until the Friday.
Dr. Segueira said he had known the deceased,
and had attended her for the last six years. On
Monday, the 15th of September, at a few minutes
before eight, the female prisoner, whom he
knew as Mrs. Gardiner's servant, went to him,
and said she wanted him to go and see Mrs. Gar-
diner, as she had cut her throat, and said, "Do
come directly, or she will be dead before we get
back." He followed her to the house. He saw her
go in, and went in after. He went into the room
on the ground floor, but saw no one there. Ho then
followed her upstairs to the first floor. The door
was open, and she went in first. He followed 'ner,
and then saw Mrs. Gardiner lying on the floor by
the side of the bed with her throat cut. There was
a pool of blood under her head and on each side,
but more on the left side, which was the side of
the wound. He felt the body, and found the extre-
mities quite cold. He remarked that she had been
dead some time. Humble said, " My. God, you
don't say so ?" He heard some one coming up the
stairs, and on turning round saw the prisoner, Gar-
diner, who as he came in said, " What's this ?" and
immediately stooped down, and with his right hand
took the knife which was produced from the right
hand of the deceased. The hand was holding it on
the breast. The back part of the knife was to-
wards the palm of the hand and towards the throat ;
the point of the knife was near the throat. He did
not see the knife at first, as that side of the body
was in the shade from being partly under the bed.
He saw Gardiner stoop, and he immediately stooped
to see what he was going to do, and saw him re-
move the knife. He should think that if the knife
had been in the hand at the time of death it would
have been more firmly grasped. He observed the
backs of the hands were bloody, but he did not
observe whether the insides were. He should think

she had been dead tour hours at the time he saw

her. She was pregnant, and that would account
for the trunk not being cold. The trunk was warm
when he saw it. He did not think from the na-
ture of the wound that death was instantaneous.
He noticed the marks on the thigh, but he could
not say whether it was her hand. It seemed too
broad for her hand. As soon as Gardiner had
taken the knife from the hand of the deceased, he
looked at the prisoner Humble, and said, " You
wretch, you did this." Sne fell on her knees, and
called God to witness that she knew nothing about
it, and Gardiner made the observation, " Well,
we'll see about it." He did not think deceased
could have done it herself, as from the manner in
which she was lying the bedstead would have im-
peded the use of her arm. If tha body had been
moved, he did not think she could have done it with
her right hand, and the knife was in her right hand.
He should consider that the act had been committed

by some other person than the deceased herself.
He was present at the post-mortem, and from the
nature of the wound and the cuts on the fingers,
which he had not seen previously, his belief that
it was done by some other perscn was still stronger.
Mrs. Spencer went into the room first, and the
officer followed. The knife was on the table where
the prisoner had placed it, and he handed it to
Sergeant Mobbs. There was blood on the knife,
but it was quite dry. There was no indication of
a struggle having taken place in the room. He
observed the bedclothes, and the bed appeared to
have been slept in. The clothes were turned half
over, and the corner of the under sheet was under
the body. He thought the act must have been done
on the floor. There were no marks of blood on the
bed. There were several marks of blood on the
doorpost, against which her head was lying. The
prisoner Humble turned up her clothes, and showed
her hands, but there were no blood marks, and her
hands appeared to be grimed with dirt, as though
she had gone to bed with dirty hands. They cer-
tainly did not appear to have been washed that
morning.
Cross-examined by Mr. Sleigh—He should think
deceased had been dead three or four hours. He
saw thu mark of a sooty hand on the left arm above
the wrist, and also a small sooty patch above the
elbow.
That was all the evidence that was proposed to be
adduced, and Mr. Sleigh proceeded to address his
lordship, and said he did not see that there was any
evidence against the unfortunate girl Humble, and
his lordship interrupted him, and said it was need-
less for him to go on, as he was quite of that opinion,
that there was no evidence to inculpate the female
prisoner.
Mr. Lewis, on behalf of Gardiner, said he thought
he could show that there was no evidence against
his client either, and that all his actions were those
of an innocent man. In the first place, he was the
first, to fetch the officer, which was not the act of a
guilty man. Again, he had called the attention of
the police 'o the marks of blood, and as regarded
the marks of soot on the arms, the prisoner had
slept with his wife, and there was nothing to show
that those marks had not been there some time, and
the prisoner's vocation easily accounted for such
marks as those. As regarded the scream which was
heard by one of the witnesses, there was no doubt
that the act was committed at that time, and it was
clearly proved by another witness that the prisoner
Gardiner was away at the time that scream was
heard, which was at six o'clock.
His lordship said he was of the same opinion as
the witness, viz., that the scream was from one of
the children.
A witness was called, however, James Gardiner,
son of the deceased, who stated that the eldest child
was away, and the only persons who slept in the
house on Sunday night were the prisoner and his
wile, the prisoner Humble, and a little child two
years and a half old.
Mr. Lewis suggested that the scream could hardly
have come from the child. The medical gentlemen
gave it as their opinion that deceased could not have
done it herself, but still it was only an opinion. It
was manifestly clear that the act was committed at
the time the scream was heard, and it was equally
clear that the prisoner was absent at that time.
There was no blood found about him, and when he
might, if he had been guilty, have escaped, he had
remained and given every assistance in his power.
His lordship said he was of opinion that the
evidence was quite sufficient to justify him in com-
mitting the prisoner for trial, and he was bound to
send the case before a jury. He had his duty to
perform, and he considered his duty was to commit
him for trial. As regarded the girl, he had heard
nothing to inculpate her, and if it were in his
power he should discharge her, and, as far as he
Was concerned, she was discharged.
Gardiner then received the usual caution, and
said he was not guilty.
The prisoners were then removed from the bar.
The prisoner Humble will, of course, be detained
on the coroner's-warrant, notwithstanding his lord-
ship's decision.