The Sun.
London, England, 1865-08-28 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 28, 1865.

GREAT ST. JAMES'S-HALL.—WORLD of
MAGIC, Second Sight, and " Begone, Dull Care,"
every evening, at 8. A Day Performance, Saturday, at 3.
" The most varied entertainment in the metropolis."—Vide
the Press. Admission, is.

PROFESSOR and the Misses ANDERSON.—
Farewell season. —World of Magic. Second Sight, and
the original Indian Basket Trick, in conjunction with Fre-
deric (the great) Maccabe, the unrivalled ventriloquist, mimic,
and character actor.

VREDERIC MACC ABE, Ventriloquist, Mimic,
65c., in his original entertainment, " Begone, Dull Care,"
"Miss Mary May," " Early in the Morning." Balcony, 2s ;
reserved seats, Is. ; stalls, Is. ; at Mr. Austin's office, St.
James's• hall, 2S, Piccadilly.
A, NIMNIO, Acting Manager.

Q, TO DAR E. -143RD REPRESENTATION.-
THEA ERE OF MYSTERY, EGYPTIAN HALL.
MARVELS in MAGIC and VE NT RILOQUISM, by Col.
STODARE. The REAL INDIAN BASKET TRICK, and
INSTANTANEOUS GROWTH of FLOWER TREES, as
introduced for the first time in this country en Easter Mon-
day, April 17, 1865, by Colonel Stodare, and only performed
by him and the Indian Magicians.
Every evening at 8 (Saturdays included), also on Wednes-
day and Saturday Afternoons at 3. Stalls at ilitchelPs, 33,
Old Bond-street, and Box-office, Egyptian Hall. Admission,
Is., 25., and 3s.

Almost miraculous."—Vide Times, April 18,1885.

WESTBOURNE HALL, Westbourne-grove,
Bayswater, W. _

•
THE GREATEST WONDER OF THE DAY.
MORNING PERFORMANCE (by Special Request) on
SATURDAY, the 26th, and WEDNESDAY, the 30th of
August, and SATURDAY, the 2d of September.
The BABY ACTR ESS, age, Two Years and Ten Days, will
Recite and Act a whole scene from Shakspere's Play of
KING JOHN. give some amusing COMIC SKETCHES,
and in the course of the evening a SEA SONG and DANCE
(in character). This Little Wonder is as pretty as talented,
and excels by far any juvenile prodigy that has yet appeared
in public.
From the Era. July 22, 1865.—" A genuine and remarkable
novelty is now being exhibited. She is literally a baby, not
having reached the age of two years ; and is gifted with in-
telligence and powers of memory to a marvellous extent.
She recites whole scenes from King John,' `A Midsummer
Night's Dream,' &0., with appropriate action and astonishing
earnestness. A more wonderful instance of precocious in-
telligence cannot well be imagined. She maybe truly classed
among the wonders of the present day."
Likenesses, is. each. Programmes and words of the per-
formance may be had in the hall during the entertainment.
In addition to the above performances, Mr. ALFRED
HOWARD'S DRAMATIC RECITALS and COMIC
SKETCHES, interspersed with Music.
Doors open at 2.30. Commence at 3. Admission, ls.; first
seats, 25.; reserved seats, 3s. Tickets may be had from Mr.
Whirley, Westbourne Hall, or of any book or music seller.

T"OXF O R D.
6, OXFORD STREET. W.

The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited).
SIXTY-SIX, by J. Offenbach, performed by
Misses Russell, Barrie, WalmealeY, Tyrell ; Messrs. A. St.
Albyn, Husk, and Green, with full Band and Chorus.
Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans.
Ballef*, Comedy, Burlesque, &c., by the celebrated D'Au-
bans, Mtssrs. Duriah and Davis, and the Misses TESSY
and SARA. GUNNISS.
NOTICE —The Oxford has been entirely Redecorated,
Altered, Newly Lighted, and Ventilated, and now is one of
the most agreeable places of resort in the kingdom.—OPEN
EVERY EVENING at Eight o'clock.
The Classical Ballet, entitled THE BRIDAL of BEAUTY,
in which Miss TESSY GUNNISS will make her re appear-
ance THIS EVENING.
Admission—A:ea, 6d.; stalls and balcony, is.; private
boxes, 10s. 6d.

CANTERBURY HALL.
KO KO RI KO.
This wonderful entertainment, having proved the greatest
hit ever made, will be repeated EVERY EVENING, in ad-
dition to the Operatic Seleztions, supported by the who,
talent of the estab'ishment.
Comedy, Burlesque, and Ballet by Mrs. and Mr. Randall,
Messrs. Duruth and Davies, the D'Aubans, and Arthur
Lloyd.
Director, Mr. F. Jongmans.
All visitors to London at this season should pay a visit to
the above establishment.

MADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION.—
Established 30 years, at the Bazaar, Baker-street.
NEW ADDITION.—In accordance with the season, the
Exhibition has been entirely re-embellished. The whole of
the ancient Court Dresses of the most costly description,
faithfully copied from the most minute pictures, have been
renewed. Modern Court Dresses of the most splendid de-
scription, selected from the first houses in Paris and London.
and probably never equalled or surpassed, are now on view.
Life-size Models of DOCTOR E. W. PRITCHARD and
CONSTANCE KENT are now added.
Open from 11 a.m. till 10 p.m.
Admittance, One Shilling; Extra Rooms, Sixpence.

The Cholera in the Mediterranean.

(From the Times' Correspondent)
VALETTA, Aug. 22.

The outbreak of cholera in Constantinople and its
appearance in other parts of the Mediterranean have
caused fresh alarm and anxiety to a considerable
portion of the inhabitants of this island, lest the epi-
demic now existing here, but which appears to be
declining, should receive additional strength and
vigour by new arrivals from infected countries. The
native papers are earnestly calling on the Govern-
ment to increase the quarantine. Two petitions to
the Governor—one in English, and the other in
Italian—having this object in view, are in circula-
tion, and have been numerously signed. The Eng-
lish one is as follows :

" Respectfully showeth,—That your petitioners have
learnt with regret that the terrible scourge—the cholera—
which has unfortunately visited this island, and which has
made its appearance in various parts of the East, is assum-
ing a most virulent character in the Turkish capital, where
hundreds of persons are daily falling victims to the dis-
ease. That your petitioners are informed that several mer-
chant steamers may be daily expected in Malta from Con-
stantinople, and it is not unlikely that they will bring nu-
merous passengers who naturally wish to be spared from
the fearful ravages of the cholera in that capital, and take
refuge in Malta; that, at a time when the epidemic is for-
tunately on the decline in this island, and when hopes are
entertained that the danger wilLsoon pass away, it be-
comes necessary that all precautionary measures should be
adopted, and that a Most rigid quarantine be established
with the view of preventing the spreading of the disease.
That, according to reliable intelligence received in Malta
last week from Ancona, the cholera is also fearfully raging
in that city ; but, nevertheless, no quarantine has as yet
been imposed here on arrivals from Ancona and from other
infected towns along the shores of the Mediterranean.
Wherefore, your humble petitioners most respectfully pray
that your excellency will be graciously pleased to take the
above facts into kind consideration, and direct that the
quarantine of seven days already established by a Govern-
ment notice of the 18th July last for vessels arriving from
Constantinople should be extended to such term as the local
Board of Health may deem right and fit ; that quarantine
should likewise be imposed on all arrivals from Ancona and
other infected towns along the shores of the Mediterranean,
and that orders be given for the performance of quarantine
on board the steamers or vessels in which the passengers
arrive ; and your petitioners, as in duty bound, will ever
pray and be grateful."
The following is a translation of the'petition in Italian :
u The humble petition of the undersigned inhabitants of
Malta, showeth,—That these islands being afflicted with
Asiatic cholera, imported from Alexandria of Egypt while
it was raging terribly there, proves that the very brief
period of quarantine lately established on arrivals from in-
fected countries is not sufficient to prevent its introduction.
That, moreover, the insufficiency of the established qua-
rantine is not only of very grave peril to the lives of the
inhabitants, but exceedingly prejudicial to commerce, as
all the countries with which these islands carry on most
traffic, especially in articles of primary necessity, have
cut off communication with them, or imposed a long
quarantine on arrivals—as, for instance, Sicily, the ports
of Barbary-, and even Alexandria, itself ; in consequence
of which, owing to the exceptional circumstance of these
islands being incapable of providing for themselves, the in-
jury occasioned is very great; that unhappily the cholera
has spread to such au alarming extent in Constantinople
that an emigration from that capital to these islands has
already commenced—an emigration which threatens to be-
come very great, so that the inhabitants of these islands are
becoming alarmed, being sure that if for arrivals from Con-
stantinople the same measures shall be adopted as those
established for arrivals from Alexandria the disease will
certainly be developed to a most fatal extent, the country
being already infected with it, and the inhabitants therefore
more disposed to take it. The undersigned, therefore, in
submitting to the consideration of your Excellency that the

inhabitants of these islands are deeply convinced that the
disease cholera is contagious, beg your Excellency would
deign to order that arrivals from infected places, especially
from Constantinople, be subjected to a full quarantine of
40 days, with the application of the most rigorous sanitary
measures ; such quarantine to commence, for vessels not
having sickness during the voyage, from the clay of
arrival ; and fur those with sickness to commence 15 days
after the cute. iuriliy, tlutulidersigned pray that your

Excellency would deign'to reform the Board of Health,
and appoint to it morn efficient and independent persons,
the majority now composing it being ignorant of medical
science."

The cholera has somewhat decreased during the
last few days. Yesterday there were only four
attacks, and no deaths, in Valetta. It is most pre-
valent at present in the cities of Cospicua and Vit-
toriosa, on the other side of the Grand Harbour,
which are very thickly populated by the lower
classes, and badly drained and ventilated. It

having broken out among the 2d battalion 22d Re-
giment, quartered in that neighbourhood, the bat-
talion is about to be placed under canvas. Quar-
termaster Walter Jones, of this regiment, died on
the 18th inst. A. few cases continue to occur in
other regiments. The epidemic has been particu-
larly fatal to the women and children.
The following are the cholera returns for the
civil population in Malta since the date of my last
letter :

Attacks.

Aug. 18

Deaths.
25
28
24

The Government have established soup kitchens
in Valetta, Floriana, and the Three Cities. The
soup is very palatable and of excellent quality, and
will doubtless be a great boon to many poor people,
who, owing to the stagnation of business of
.all
sorts, are entirely deprived of the means of subsis-
tence.

'er it will be a strong a
Sicily continues to enjoy a perfect immunity from
provincescahlt
oo lge reat
h and while
otherit has
partsappearedt a
liyn. the Ns
heea p
escapeol i tans
of wheretit is
this
smuch-dreaded possirbglue,m
n'and in large te
epidempreventic.
favour rtohonef
tracts of country, such iso-
iseneogturrtoeinclueanteittoison,
lation from the rest of the world is of course impos-
sible. The Supreme Boa
rd of Health, sitting at
Palermo, have re-established communication with
Malta by imposing a quarantine of 14 days to be
performed at Trapani.
The towns on the coast of Barbary have also been
Ilhitherto exempt from the disease, although cases
have occurred on board ships riding out their qua-
rantine, both at Tripoli and Tunis. The Turkish
Consul has intimated that Tripoli will not admit
fugitives from infected places, except they be domi-
ciled residents at Tripoli returning there.
Letters from Constantinople of the 14th inst. say
that the daily deaths there from cholera amount to
1,000 in a population of about 1,000,000.
At Beyrout, under date of the 13th ult., we learn
that a panic had seized the people, and nearly every
'remained in the town.
Out of a population
not more than 7,000
f 0
to 60 deaths a day
oneAopfet
r sjBowoanhtls who could
to h,en rsthere
aalwreeaeer eye
population2f hadroo motoos
from cholera.
The disease had also broken out in Candia.
At the moment of closing this letter I learn that
yielded to the wishes of
the Government have so far

a large portion of the population by imposing a
quarantine of twenty days on arrivals from Ancona,
Constantinople, and Smyrna, and ten full days on
vessels arriving with foul bills of health from other
places infected with cholera. His Excellency the
Governor reserves to himself to extend the term of
quarantine, as also to indicate the place and manner
in which it is to be performed in all cases which may
appear, in the option of the Board of Health, to
require extraordinary precautions, or which present
exceptional circumstances. This is understood to
mean that should there be many passengers.or sick-
ness on board, the vessel will have to perform qua-
rantine in the offing or in one of the bays distant
from the populous quarter of the island,

[FRO3I. REUTER'S EXPRESS,]
ALEXANDRIA, Aug. 23.
At a recent meeting of consular delegates, the
President of the General Sanitary Department for
Egypt, Colucci Bey, communicated the draught of
a report submitted by him to the Egyptian Minister
for Foreign Affairs, which he recommended to the
special attention of the meeting, expressing at the
same time the wish that its contents might be

brought to the knowledge of the respective Euro-
pean Governments.
In this memoir Colucci Bey stated the opinion,
already shared by all physicians and enlightened
men in Egypt, that the cholera, which first made its
appearance at the commencement of this century,
and has since several times completed the circuit of
the world, sacrificing many million victims in
thickly-peopled Europe, had its rise in Hedschaz,
d
t
the Holy Lee
itt(cia
hnheun
eaerdt
bhaioaeinobno Islamism,dfteßri\cscat ieithrdoyaafimnia7,oof the
pilgrimage,
rti
Fnoe odue
napsooont
rnnottoahBi
Nafnolb
zonol
Sacrifice,
joiana_
oci nrol
eyi
Ara-
rat.figgea thees e
sNeaveinhti as-
sembles ecbshfl eooTfsrf al
ml
pil-
grims,s
in
who congregate from all points of the Is-
lamitic compass, in order then to return home with
the title of Hadji. The unreasonable manner of
life, the nameless filth in which these pilgrims exist
during the whole period of pilgrimage, is sufficient,
combined with the murderous character of the
climate, to kill a large number. The dead
are not regularly interred in the hurry of
this wandering life, but hastily shuffled under
the desert sand, subject to be uncovered by
moderate wind, so that they after a short
period infect the air. Added to these miasmata come
the exhalations from the garbage of perhaps two
million sheep offered as sacrifices to the Deity, for
even the poorest pilgrim must offer at least one.
The flesh is consumed by the devotees, but the offal,
blood, bones, entrails, and even the skin soon de-
compose in that glowing atmosphere, so that ulti-
mately a deadly epidemic could not fail to issue from
that abundance of stench. This was also the case
in the present year, when the festival of the Kurban
Bairam fell in the first week of May. It was im-
possible but t hat cholera should proceed from such
a centre of decomposing animal matter, and it broke
out with such violence that in the space of a fort-
night 100,000 pilgrims died. The scanty reports
that have been this year received from those regions
are positively appalling, and an agent of the Egyp-
tian Government writes from Mecc% itself that the
corpses of the dead waiting for burial were piled up
in all the mosques of the town.
It is a Mussulman prejudice not to change the
clothes during the entire period of pilgrimage, but to
wear them constantly until return home, when they
are cut into pieces and distributed as memorials
among relatives and friends. The clothes of the
dead, however dirty and filthy, are carefully packed
up as sacred relics for the same purpose. Can it
therefore be wondered at that these Mecca pilgrims
form the epidemic telegraphic wire along which this
murderous disease is diffused over the entire world?
Can Europe ever be regarded as secure from the
just
as or any other disease which may follow,
as cholera has followed plague, so long as this
barbarous practice of pilgrimage to Mecca is not
abolished, or, at least, kept within reasonable
bounds ?
This is the gist of the memoir submitted by
Colucci Bey to the Egyptian Ministry. He fully
admits that the subject upon which he invites dis-
cussion is far beyond the competence of the Egyptian
Government, or even of the Porte, and that it can
only become an object of serious negotiation by the
intervention of the European Powers. But it is
nevertheless an undoubted fact that the wretched
custom of pilgrimage is the true cause of the great
epidemics which periodically return to devastate the
European continent, and regarded from this point
of view the present memoir seems to deserve con-
sideration.

A. writer in a contemporary says :---I beg to place
at your disposal the following extracts from letters
I have received from Constantinople relative to the
state of affairs produced by the visitation of cholera
in that densely populated city. They have been
written by a resident whose avocations prevented
his leaving the spot at which he had been stationed.
This was in the midst of the pestilence, and in close

proximity to the hospitals recently established by
the Government. He professes himself to have been
an observer uninfluenced by the panic almost uni-

versally prevalent, and the statements he makes are,
therefore, untinged with the excitement which fear

produces. To those who are familiar with the his-
torical narratives of Thucydides, the more recent
graphic description of Boccacio, and those incidental
to the great plague of London, the similarity of
events produced by like causes cannot but be in-
teresting. * * *

" Aug. 2.—Signs of sickness, death, and panic aro mu'
tiplying fast. Tho spirit of fear has conquered the
spirit of mammon. The Bourse is closed. The bazaars aro
shut up. Business is nearly at a stand still, and the mer-
chants have shut themselves up in their country seats. You
see women unable to resist the fascination of fear looking
eagerly out of their windows, and pedestrians shrinking
back and putting their handkerchiefs to their noses as the
coffins go past. Bodies of those scarcely dead aro thrust into
coffins and hastily hurried off for burial. You call at a
shop ; the master or one of his friends is groaning in bed.
You go to visit a friend; he has just been buried. Pro-
cessions of overworked priests fill the streets and pray for
the cessation of the pestilence. Five hundred at least died
at Stamboul yesterday. In the papers the total number of
deaths is stated to have been 320. This is wholly untrue.
Tho most respectable of the missionaries out here, a man
of undoubted honesty, told me that 26 bodies passed his
door alone. Another man, upon whose veracity I have full
confidence, residing in another street in the same quarter,
stated that 25 went past his door. Both live in retired
streets in a healthy part of the town. What must the
cholera bo in the unhealthy localities ?
" Aug. 3.—Another act of the tragedy is being performed.
The Sultan has given orders that all classes are to make
merry, so bad brandy, raki, and Turkish music are the orders
of the day. So with the unceasing tramp of the hamals, carry-
ing the dead, the streets resound with • nonotonous twanging,
drunken routs, and howling. For the last few days the wea-
ther has been almost unbearable. The sun rises red hot.
The wind neither brings freshness nor the night coolness.
In the sun the glass is at 133 deg., and in the coolest room
in the house 85 deg. At Galata it ranges from 90 to 92 deg.
After a sleepless night I rise with hardly strength to dress.
Hundreds of silly stories are going the round of the place.
Here is a sample :—A pious Turk at Stamboul had a dream.
He was addressed by a venerable man when he was lying
half awake, who said to him, ' Why do you pray so much,
my friend ; do you not see that God has sent this scourge
to punish the wicked, and do you think he will alter his
decision for you ?' Then the visitor vanished. More lying
bulletins ; 270 stated to have died before yesterday. I be-
lieve I understate the number when I say 1,000 die daily.
I cannot shut my eyes to the truth. Here are two facts
The young gentleman to whom I alluded as having
adopted a strongly astringent diet as a precautionary mea-
sure 'of safety went to make a call. Two persons had
just died in the house. He rushed away to another. There
wore three dead there. Coming back he met the dead.cart
with at least 100 bodies inside. The same day anEuglish-
man saw a number of corpses buried in an adjoining cehme-
tory. He counted 120. I learn that six medical men
ave
succumbed to the disease.
"Aug. 4.—There is the greatest difficulty in Wing
medical men. I had occasion to go for one yesterday, but
there was none to be found in Galata for love or money.
By the merest luck I met with one at Per,. Tho doctors
are overworked and they shut themselves in, and say they
are ' not at home.' As to myself lam as well as usual. I
don't fear. I eat fruit in moderation, and bathe, in defiance
of the doctors. This is a good time for making some curious
studies in human nature. Some of those who have studied
Renan's book, and aro convinced of the truth of his argu-
ments, now crowd into Christian churches in abject terror,
and make not very successful attempts at praying. Others
who have led lives of gaiety have now assumed the garb of
Puritans, and denounce their fellow-sinners as the cause
of the pestilence. One poor creature who had been thus
assailed I saw go past with quite a hunted look in her
countenance. Every one is complaining of domestic mise-
ries of a minor character. Servants leave and no fresh ones
are to be obtained. Hamals are departing in hundreds.
Yeast to make bread cannot be had. Meat has risen to an
enormous price.
Aug. s.—The cholera has assumed most frightful pro-
portions. Two thousand at the very least perished yester-
day. The papers, of course, still conceal the truth. The
chief of the municipality unblushingly avowed his right to
do so. I seem to be living in the plague of London, so
much do the general features of the times begin to re-
semble those narrated by Pepys. The little cemetery
behind us is full of corpses, buried only 15 inches under
the soil, and the municipality has forbidden any more
burials there. Yesterday two large barges as high as a
first floor window from the ground were taken up the
Golden Ilan for burial. On the same day several hundred

PRICE 4d,
STAMPED sd.

were thrown into the Bosphorus. Medical men, whether
from fear or avarice, refuse to attend the poor, and thou-
sands perish for want of a little prompt assistance. Every
one who can scrape a little money together is leaving the
place, and passenger boats sink to the level of their docks
with the loads of passengers."