The Sun.
London, England, 1865-05-25 00:00:00

BETTING AT MANCHESTER—WEDNEsnAy.

The Derby betting at the Subscription Rooms this day
was remarkable for the resuscitation of Chatanooga, who,
owing to a highly favourable trial this morning, advanced
to 100 to 7 (taken freely). Opening at 30 to 1, Chattanooga
was backed at various prices to win several thousands of
pounds, and, as he is a "nobbled" horse, Mr. Naylor's re-
presentative is likely to become a warm favourite before
the start. Breadalbane was also in steady demand, 7 to 1
being scarcely obtainable against him at the finish.
Longdown declined to 25 to 1 (offered), and The Duke
had no backers at less than 100 to 8. In fact, at one time
15 to 1 was laid against the Marquis of Hastings's colt.
Closing prices :

THE DERBY.
6to 1 agst Gladiateur (offered)
7to 1 agst Breadalbano (taken freely)
Bto 1 agst Archimedes (taken)
100 to 8 agst Duke (taken and offered)
100 to 8 agst Christmas Carol (taken)
100 to 7 agst Chattanooga (taken freely)
25 to 1 agst Longdo*n (taken)

Fearful Accident on the North London

Railway.

Last night, about half-past 7 o'clock, much alarm was
caused in the neighbourhood of Bishopsgate-street, by a
terrific crash, which shook the buildings adjacent to the
spot where it occurred. Soon afterwards, however, it was
discovered that the noise was caused by the falling of a
large portion of the iron work, forming the semicircular
arches and girder supports of the new double roofing, in
course of erection at the new station for the North Lon-
don Railway at Liverpool-street, a capacious structure, of
immense strength and solidity as to its foundation and ele-
vation. The span of the roofing is very great, and hence it
was divided by the architect into two parts, the arches
springing from the side walls to the centre throughout its
entire length. From tho hasty inquiries instituted by
our reporter, shortly after the occurrence, it appears
that several portions of the massive iron net-work had
been placed in situ safely, but. whilst the workmen were
engaged in raising other portions of the work, through some
cause or other, at present not satisfactorily ascertained, the
powerful " derrick" used for fastening the iron arches
slipped, bringing down the framework and pulling with it
other arches to the ground, but within the walls of the
erection, which, it is stated, have been in no degree injured
or shaken by the shock. At the time of the unfortu-
nate occurrence a largo body -of men were em-
ployed either upon the roofing or engaged under-
neath in their hazardous occupation of raising :the
remaining part of the girder work ; and we regret to say
that several have boon seriously injured—ono, it is feared,
mortally. He, with three others, were at once taken to St.
Bartholomew's Hospital, where they now lie in a precarious
state ; and Mr. Borlase Childs, being early on the spot,
gave to them his professional assistance.
Considering the large number employed at the time the
wonder is that the calamity was not far more serious than
it appears to be at present.

The consumption of snails (escargots) has become
so great in Paris that it is said a special market is about to
be opened for them.
[ADITERTISEMENT.]-110110Wity8 Pills.—lmportant to the
Sick.—Though the mind be downcast and the body en-
feebled by continued indisposition, the sufferer should at
this season make a last effort to regain health by taking
Holloway's pills, which, by cleansing the blood, will search
out the hidden cause of mischief, and expel the seeds of
most diseases. No invalid is too much reduced to undergo
this very gentle treatment with safety and advantage.
Neither youth nor old age need fear any injury to the
system from a regulated course of these pills. They
.are
infallible in stomacti complaints, bilious affections, sick-
ness, want of appetite, -disordered• bowels, constipation, and
the annoyances which spring from derangement of the
digestive and assimilatory organs.

Yesterday his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales
paid a long visit to the Great Eastern to inspect the
arrangements made for stowing and paying out this
gigantic submarine telegraph, all the details con-
nected with which are now fast approaching their
final completion prior to the departure of the expe-
dition. The visit, considering the importance of
its nature and the real interest of the occasion, was
unusually private, only a few friends of his Royal
Highness being present in addition to those scien-
tific gentlemen who are more or less connected with
the great undertaking, either as its original pro-
moters, or as those who have given towards its
completion' all the care and skill which the highest
electrical and mechanical science has enabled them
to place at the disposal of the company. Beyond
these visitors none were present, either at the de-
parture of the train or on board the Great Eastern.

- His Royal Highness arrived privately at the
Charing-cross Station at twelve o'clock, where he
was received by the Dukes of Manchester and
Sutherland, with Viscount Sidney and Lord Alfred
Paget. Mr. Eborall, as manager of the South-
Eastern, was also in attendance. The Prince was
accompanied by his Serene Highness Prince Edward
of Saxe-Weimar, and attended by Colonel Keppel.
The other visitors present included Lord Suffield,
Lord Lyons, Viscount Torrington, the Hon. Mr.
Cartier, the Hon. Mr. Brown, the Hon. Mr. Mac-
donald, the Hon. Mr. Galt, the Right Hon. Stuart
Wortley, Mr. D. Gooch, Mr. J.-Perider, M.P., Mr.
S. Gurney, M.P., Mr. J. Smith, Mr. G. Elliot,
Mr. A. S. Finlay, Mr. W. H. Russell, Mr. C.
Edwards, Mr. W. H. Barber, Professor Thompson,
F.R.S., the Hon. R. Grimstone, Mr. J. Chatter-
ton, Mr. H. Clifford, Mr. C. F. Varley, Mr. R. A,
Glass, Mr. S. Canning, Mr. C. V. de Sauty, Mr.
W. Shuter, Mr. Cyrus W. Field, Mr. J. C. Deane,
Mr. W. Fairnbairn, Professor Wheatstone, Mr. J.
Whitworth, Mr. J. H. Stanton, Sir Edward Cunard,
Mr. E. Cropper, Mr. Temple, Mr. G. Peabody,
Captain A. T. Hamilton, Mr. E. Moon, Mr. F. Le
Breton, Mr. W. Grieve, Mr. G. Saward, Mr. W.
H. Stephenson, Mr. J. Horsfall, Mr. W. T. Henley,
Mr. C. W. Eborall, Mr. J. P. Knight, Mr. C. V.
Walker, F.R.S., Mr. J. Cudworth, Mr. J. Barnes,
Mr. E. Noden, Mr. Willoughby Smith, &c.
The train left soon after 12, and on arriving at
Chatham the party at once embarked on board Ad-
miral Talbot's steam tender Wildfire, a vessel which
seemed difficult to steer, and still more difficult to
steam, and which made such slow progress that his
Royal Highness was glad on the return voyage to
avail himself of the offer of Mr. Eborall, who placed;
at his disposal one of the company's steamers, the•
City of Rochester, without the aid of which it would
have been impossible to keep railway time, or in-
deed any time at all.
At 2 the Great Eastern was sighted, lying
moored at the mouth of the river off Sheerness,
and her gigantic form at once attracted all atten-
tion. Some years have passed since this magnifi-
cent vessel filled the great place in the world's at-
tion which it is to be hoped she will now soon occupy
again. The lapse of time and the exigencies of
cable-shipping have by no means improved her ex-
ternal appearance, but she still sits the water as
gracefully as ever, and it is impossible to imagine
any more suggestive contrast than was afforded by
the appearance of the craft which lay alongside her
yesterday as the Royal party approached. Close
under her sponson beam aft lay a small yellow, heavy
bowed, ill-shapen thing, " dwarfed to a cock boat"
by the juxtaposition, and which might have been
mistaken for a lighter had it not been known that
this was a 26-gun frigate of 20 years ago, one of the
crack vessels of the navy in those days. A barge
alongside looked like a mere float, while on the
starboard quarter two tall colliers showed little
more than their mastheads above the bulwarks of
the great ship. The Great Eastern, though not
nearly so low in the water as she has yet to be
brought before starting on her great trip; still in
outward shape looks as well as on the first memor-
able day she left the Thames. On deck, however, a
great change was visible. The after-masts have been
stripped of their yards, and the broad expanse of
deck is neither so white nor by many feet so broad
as it used to be, for little villages of carpenters' shops
and hamlets of forges have overspread it, and sheds,
offices, and overseers' houses perhaps, cumber it from
stem to stern. His Royal Highness made no inspec-
tion of the vessel on his first arrival, but with the
other visitors proceeded to lunch while all was being
got ready for his examination. The dejefiner was
laid in the state or ladies' saloon, that which was so
fearfully devastated on the memorable Friday after-
noon when the Great Eastern blew up off Hastings.
To this repast all the visitors sat down, Mr. Pender,
M.P., chairman of the Telegraph Construction Com-
pany, taking the chair. No speeches were made, and
the only toast given was that of her Majesty, which
was drunk with enthusiasm. His Royal Highness
then returned upon deck and made a careful exami-
nation of the vessel, of the way in which the cable
is received on board, the manner in which it is
stowed, how it was proposed to pay it out, &c., and
in fact inquired into all the details connected with
the expedition. So many accounts of the progress of
this great work have already appeared in the columns
of The Sun that on this occasion it will not be neces-
sary to enter into detail. A mere summary will
suffice here.

The present Atlantic cable is just 2,300 nautical
miles, or in rough numbers, about 2,600 miles
long. The central conductor is composed of
seven fine copper wires, twisted into one complete
strand, which is insulated with Chatterton's patent
compound. Outside this come four distinct layers
of gutta percha, each also insulated with the same
material that encloses the conductor. Outside the
gutta percha again are wound 11 stout iron wires,
each of which, before being twisted on, is itself care-
fully wound round with strands of hemp, soaked
with tar. Thus, then, there are no less than 25,000
miles of copper wire in the conductor, about 35,000
miles of iron wire in the outside covering, and up-
wards of 400,000 miles of strands of hemp, more
than enough in all to go 24 times round the world.
The cable has been made on an average at the rate
of 17 miles per day complete, and some days its out-
side covering of hemp and iron has been overlaid at
the rate of 173 miles a day, though not a fathom or
a foot has been manufactured without every part
being kept under constant test for " conductivity"
and insulation, and to this hour it is as regularly
tested as it was a year ago, when the first mile was
twisted. In strength the cable is equal to bearing
a strain of 71 tons, while its specific gravity is so
low that it can with safety be depended on to sup-
port 11 miles of its length in water. It has been
made mile by mile, joined up in long lengths of 700
and 800 miles, and shipped on board the Great
Eastern into three enormous tanks. The first of
thesewrought-iron structures, which look little gaso-
meters, is in the forward part of the ship, and is
61ft. in diameter ; that in the midships over the
boilers 58ft. 6in., and that in the afterpart 58ft.
The first will hold a coil of 630 miles of cable, the
second one of 840, and the third of 830. 500 miles
have still to be stowed away on board, and it will
take a fortnight to complete this work, though the

last mile of the coil will come through the machines
of the telegraph works at 3 o'clock on Monday next.
All three tanks are kept filled with water, and when
each is stowed with cable as well, the ends of the
wire will be joined up and a constant system of sig-
nals kept through every part from the moment the
expedition starts till the whole cable is laid. The
tanks themselves, with water and their contents of
cable, weigh in all upwards of 5,000 tons. Great care
has therefore been used in shoring them up from be-
neath the main deck and down by a succession of
powerful supports to the very keelson. Some idea
of the massiveness with which this part of the work
has.been effected may be derived-from the fact that
in the construction of these cross-beams, struts, and

braces no less than 400 loads of 0414 pia
consumed. Every part of the tanks thObase alga
is braced with wrought iron tie-rods to the sides of
the ship. In fact, unless the vessel meets with such
a heavy sea as would break her back, there seems to
be no possibility of danger arising from the stowage
of the cable. The mere cable, however, is but an
item in the mass of heavy weights the Great Eastern
will have to carry on this occasion. Her draught
of water will be rather over than under 30ft., and,
all told, her weights, when starting from Valentia,
will come near the stupendous mass of 18,000 tons.
They are all, however, stowed high, and so placed
throughout from end to end as to counteract as much
as it can be encountered the Great Eastern's un-
pleasant tendency to roll in a beam sea.
The first part of the ship to which his Royal High-
ness paid a visit was to where the cable was being
wound inboard from the little frigate alongside.
From this point, where nothing new or more un-
usual was to be seen than on board any vessel taking
in a heavy hawser, the visitors passed to where the
centre coil was being wound away. Here there was
nothing more to see, nor nothing less, than when
the cable will be really sunk in the depths of the
Atlantic. Here was the same order, the same silence,
and, we might add, the same unpleasant heat and
gloom as reigned in the hold of the Agamemnon
when, fathom by fathom and mile by mile, the first
wire was successfully laid across the ocean. The
only difference was that on this occasion the cable
was coining slowlydown through the hole in the deck
and was being stowed away by the men and pressed
carefully down in regular circles, instead of as
when " paying out ;" the rope rises with the same
speed, and the men have only to watch that one
portion does not stick to and lift another, and
make a " kink " that would be as fatal, if it once
occurred, to the " conductivity" of the cable as if
it were broken. From the midship coil his Royal
Highness went to see the manner in which the great
weight of the foremast mass of cable was supported
and aliored up from un4vrneath. A message was
then sent through one of the coils, which represented
in its length the distance from the Great Eastern to
Valentia. The signals transmitted were only four
words, " God save the Queen," yet they were re-
ceived at the other end of the coil in the course of a
few seconds, a speed which speaks as highly for the
" conductivity" and insulation of the cable as it
does for the commercial prospects of the company,
if they can only maintain the same high rate of
signalling throughout the wire for any length of
time. A section drawing of the Great Eastern was
laid before the Prince showing the position of the
coals in•regard to the structure of the ship, the place
where the paying-out machines were to be fixed, and
the drawings of the machines themselves. The
latter will be of the lightest possible construction
consistent with great s trength. They are being made
entirely of wrought iron. A reserve drum is attached
to the machine in case of anything occurring to that
which has to bear all the heat and burden of the
work. The breaks are similar to those invented by
Mr. Appold for me during the memota,ble trip of the
Agamemnon. The paying-out machine itself moves
easily with a strain of 2201 b, and it is intended to
keep it working by means of an endless band turned
by machinery for at least a fortnight before the de-
parture of the expedition, in order to test, not only
the rate at which the cable can be run safely out,
but the strain to which it can be subjected in the
machine. The dynamometer for testing the strain
is to be of the same kind as those which have of
late been almost exclusively used in the sub-
marine work. It was during the course of his long
inspection of the vessel that most of these particu-
lars were explained to his Royal Highness, either
by Captain Anderson, or some one among the
many scientific gentlemen' to whom the different
branches of the great enterprise have been intrusted.
Among other things, it was stated that the shore
ends were to be sent round in different vessels, the
end required for Valentia being about 25 miles
long, that for Newfoundland only 10, the length
being in proportion to the depth of the water, which
off Newfoundland is as shallow and still as that off
the west coast of Ireland is deep and stormy. These
shore ends are the strongest and heaviest ever made,
weighing no less than 18 tons per mile.
According to present arrangements it is believed
that the Great Eastern will start in the very early
part of July, and certainly, if possible, not later than
the 10th. With her will also sail her 'Majesty's ship
Terrible, and another paddle steam frigate of great
power, not yet chosen, but which, like the Terrible,
will give towing aid to the Great Eastern in case of
mishaps to her machinery, either screw or paddle.
Every care has teen taken to get these engines into
the highest state of good working order, but it can-
not be denied that the very possibility of their break-
ing down is looked upon with something like anxiety.
They will certainly not be overtasked, as it is in-
tended, if possible, not to let the vessel go beyond a
speed of six knots, a minimum of velocity which it
will be difficult to keep to if steerage way is wanted
quickly, and which will, we think, be found abso-
lutely impossible to retain in a seaway. On this
occasion, however, the middle of July is chosen as
being thought even more favourable in point of
weather than the middle of June, when the
last Agamemnon cruise was commenced. Cap-
tain Anderson, we believe, is in favour of
starting towards the early part of July,
and his long experience in command of the China
has very properly induced the directors to
give every weight to his opinion. In addition to
Capt. Anderson, all the officers connected with the
ship, with the exception of the chief engineer, have
been chosen from the Cunard service. With ordi-
narily fair weather, and steaming at the rate of six
knots, it is expected that the voyage from Valentia
to the Bay of Heart's Content in Newfoundland will
occupy from 12 to 14 days, during every hour of
which regular communication will be kept up with
England.

After the Prince had visited every part of the ship,
and accepted specimen pieces of portions of the cable
in various stages of manufacture, his Royal High-
ness returned on board the boat which had been
placed at his disposal by Mr. Eborall, and at once
returned to Stroud. From Stroud to London the
distance was accomplished within an hour, and at
Charing-cross Station the Prince drove away as
quietly as he came, and the party separated after a
most pleasant and interesting day.

The Malta-Alexalidria Telegraph.

MALTA, May 19.

The screw steamer Fanny Lambert arrived on the 15th,
with Mr. Temple, engineer, Mr. Saunders, electrician, Mr.
Gibson, Government inspector, and a staff of the Telegraph
Construction and Maintenance Company, after completely
restoring the communication to Alexandria.
We understand that the line is now in perfect working
order, and that no less than six separate fractures, caused
by friction and abrasion on the rocks where the cable had
crossed those patches which exist along every coast, have
been repaired, and a much larger cable substituted, pro-
tected by thick wires.

Where the small cable was recovered from deep water—
over 100 fathoms—it was as perfect as when first submerged,
but in shallow water it was much destroyed ; and this can
scarcely create surprise when it is remembered that it was
originally designed for laying between Falmouth and Gibral-
tar, in from 100 to 600 fathoms depth of water; but, owing
to the exigencies of the public service, it was laid along a.
shore where the depth varies from 20 to 200 fathoms, with
a very irregular and in many places rocky bottom, totally
unsuited for so small a cable ; and until all these places aro
renewed by a larger cable it will be liable to interruption.
We hear that the Telegraph Construction Company aro
about to make very extensive renewals on this line, and to
extend it down the Red Sea by Aden to Bombay, so as to
give direct telegraphic communication with India, and with
a view of ultimately carrying it to China and Australia.
Had the telegraph been working during the late cotton
crisis in Alexandria it might have prevented some of the
commercial failures which have taken place there, and wo
hope that it will be placed upon as permanent a basis as
possible without any unnecessary delay.
The repairing steamer has been on the coast since early
in January, when the line broke down—over four months,
during the worst winter we have had in the Mediterranean
for many years—and weunderstand that she has only been
able to work at the cable 28 days. She left England on the
17th, and a more suitable and powerful vessolis to be sent
out in the autumn.

Her Majesty's corvette Pelican, Lieutenant-Command-
ing Bowden. Smith, arrived yesterday, having been sent by
the Commander-in-Chief to assist in the operations, and
she contributed greatly to the success of the expedition.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manageress. Mrs. Swanborough.
THIS EVENING, ONE TREE HILL Messrs. Craven,
Stoyle, James, Belford ; Miss A. Swanborough and alias M.
Palmer.
After which, ALADDIN. Messrs. Thorne, and James ;
Mesdames Hughes, Weston, Thorne, and Eliza Holt.
To conclude with UP STAIRS AND DOWN STAIRS.
Mr. Stoyle ; Miss Simpson.

GRATIS AND POST FREE
E. MOSES and SONS' New Pamphlet,
THE PHILOSOPHY OF DRESS.

MOSES AND S 0 N
E. respectfully call attention to their large and well-
assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest
fabrics are combined with the latest and most fashionable
designs, and the best workmanship. E. 3iOSES and SON
give particular attention to this important branch of their
business, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices
are such as must satisfy the most economical. This depart-
ment is in a distinct part of the premises, which will be found
a gre.►t convenience for ladies and children,

MOSES AND SON
~• respectfully invite public attention to their large and
well-assorted