The Sun.
London, England, 1862-08-07 00:00:00

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THE SUN.
LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 7, 1862.

This afternoon, according to the postponed
arrangement, Parliament was duly prorogued. It
was prorogued as it was opened—by Royal Commis-
sion. That, under the melancholy circumstances,
attendant upon 1862, was, of course, a thing inevit-
able. The shadow of the Royal, and, indeed, who
will no say also of the National, Affliction has fallen
upon the whole year, and as a matter of necessity
also upon the whole session. The widowed QUEEN
could not in reason be expected to take any part
whatever personally in the pageantries connected
annually, at the beginning and at the end of the
political session, with the proceedings of the Legis-
lature. The House of Lords and Commons, there-
fore, as theywere opened by Royal Commission,
were by necessity also closed or prorogued by
Royal Commission. Her MAJESTY has thus been
spared the bitterness of that reminder of her irre-
parable loss, which must inevitably have smitten
her to the heart had she entered the House of
Lords, even now in August, without the sustain-
ing hand of her beloved husband clasping her own
as his Royal Highness had so often done in pre-
ceding years when conducting her MAJESTY
from the doorway to the throne. The session, the
season, the year, consequently, have together been
flitting away under very obvious disadvantages.
The London season, in truth, has not had one momen-
tary glimpse of her MAJESTY. The Court has not
once even fugitively been in town, having passed
its time alternately for 1862 at Osborne, at Wind-
sor, and at Balmoral. Not a single levee has there
been at St. James's. Buckingham Palace has not
even for one night sheltered the SOVEREIGN under
its roof. Her MAJESTY has never once crossed the
threshold of the Great Exhibition Building down
at South Kensington. And this quite manifestly pre-
cisely because of the profound interest taken by the
departed PRINCE CONSORT in the mere hope of its
success while in preparation ! While the shadow
of the Royal grief has thus fallen upon the whole
London season, it has no less, by a loyal sympathy,
darkened more or less the whole six months dedi-
cated annually at Westminster to the labours of the
Parliamentary session, to the sayings and doings of
the Lords and Commons of England. The custo-
mary half year's interval set apart for the session has
in effect been little better than eked out, as
it were, by the Imperial Parliament, Indus-
triously enough they have sat there in their
respective chambers—those hereditary and re-
presentative legislators of the United Kingdom.
There they have dawdled out their usual time—viz ,
from one of the earliest days of February to the
of August, to the eve of the grouse-shoot-
beginning
ing. Public and private business ,in turn, having
occupied the attention of all parties alike, whether
.‘ ins" or "outs," whether among the Peers or
among the Commoners. Her MAJESTY'S Govern-
ment has been there confronted sedulously by her
MAJESTY'S Opposition. The ball of debate has
somenow been kept up between them. Their
leaders have had, at intervals, contentions
that we can hardly even dignify with the
title of sham-fights, but should rather allude
to as mere casual wrestling matches.
Among these momentary tussles for political
power, and for the lures also of place and patronage—
one in which the right hon. and learned Member for
Cambridge University was put forward by the
Opposition as their champion only, however, for
him to be thrown a moment afterwards with the
most inimitable dexterity by the veteran First
Lord of the Treasury. Committees there have
been sitting upstairs, examining witnesses, draw-
ing up reports with their customary assiduity, now
upon this theme, now upon that. Scarcely a
question of anything like imperial importance,
however, has been brought on all this while
either in the Lords or in the Commons. About the
only one thus frankly submitted to the two Houses
in succession, in anything at all of a statesmanlike
spirit, being, in roint of fact, that of the often-talked
iOf and long-sighed-for facilitation of the Transfer
\ ceeroLand. Parliamentary Reform has, by universal
"ti and quite even as a matter of course, been
a g aine_ak.
Irked as a bore, and, therefore, an intole-
rable inconv
the
senience. Economy, just at the fag-
end of
, has been for once in a way
seriously recalled to 0 mind as a boon, one of these
fine days or rather years; exceedingly to be desired.
rur then, as we have said _ -
" eettaiheeE: it has only happened I
100, and even then for
' jt.unesti:elot fag-andstthpeail because of its affording, an opportu-
nitypsonalities with
er fora pleasant little effervescing admixture of
generalities.
Nothing seriously
siyirylalfeinbtle being even
furtivelyglaring
*and thrift—„ut for
sufficiently
need
beingwh isp
ehreeadr,d ,
shoot net o one
ibis
or cheeseparing b
there is for retrenc -
)11:-Ineu:ntt,
anything like parsimony
while all
for common-sense thrif; and ratiwonhailierethtreec7hm s
while supplies were being voted,
were in Committee of Ways and Means,
parties both to the right hand and to the left hand
of Mr. SPEAKER were fresh from the last new
Budget of our Master-Financier Mr. GLADSTONE.
It was only when matters of a pecuniary kind had
been definitively settled for the year, that there was
any serious " talk" even about the need recognised
long and long ago by us all, the painfully obvious
need there is for at length and systematically enter-
ing upon a course of economy.
With .an outlay set down for us of

THE SUN, 1407ATIY)

another expenditure within the financial year

of £7o,ooo,ooo—with a narrow surplus only of
four or five hundred thousand pounds sterling,
arranged for by the termerity of our skilled
but over-credulous Chancellor of the Exchequer-
-what is in truth the agreeable prospeet just
now immediately before us? At the very
best—a harvest under the average! Almost
as a dead certainty a continuance and
probably an increase of the dire struggle, with
dearth and with all imaginable privations, in the
manufacturing districts in the north! Necessitating
—a struggle of this kind—among other things an ap-
preciable falling off in the Revenue under the
head of Excise and Customs. A continuance
also of that general interference with our com-
merce, resulting from the first, but of late increas-
ingly, from the prolongation of the civil war in
America. The possibility of our new interposition
in the affairs of China leading us there again into
a new and alarming outlay both of gold and
blood. The possibility, moreover—we know not of
course but that it is very little imminent, yet still
it is undeniably there before us as a possibility—
yes, the possibility of a new European complication
consequent upon the development of the
later and more than ever enigmatical phase of
the ItalianE vemryovtheminegnteohnesaiddeedreod_nceAmmoerra
more by
China,GAßi-
GARI-
BALDI.
Italy, the Cotton Famine, our enormous expendi-
ture, the exceedingly narrow surplus left for us at
the very best by the calculations of the CHANCEL-
LOR of the EXCHEQUER, our interrupted commerce,
and our moderate hopes of a harvest just barely
about the average—we can either way only look
with a perfectly comprehensible qualm under
these rather anxious circumstances, whether our
glance be retrospective or anticipative. There is of
course a certain sense of satisfaction, perhaps, in the
thought that we have reached to-day the end of
the Parliamentary Session. But it is hardly satis-
factory to feel conscious at the same moment that
there is an exceeding probability also, that, on account
of some new turn given to the American War, or of
some fresh complication in the affairs of Italy, and,
consequently, of Europe—the approach of winter
will bring us the chance of that always unwelcome
political necessity—an Extraordinary Session of
Parliament !

The New York people are a little too late. They
have just found out that, if the PRESIDENT hoists
the banner of Emancipation, " This will diminish
the rebel army, by calling many rebel officers and
men to the defence of their homes; and, that the
Free States, and the civilized world will applaud
the Emancipation proclamation." All this would
have been true twelve months ago; but its truth
may be very doubtful now. The North, twelve
months ago, might, by an emancipation policy, have
made the South afraid to move, afraid to collect an
army. Now that it is so well up in arms the negroes
dare not give trouble. There are soldiers every-
where to catch them. " The committees of the lead
ing men of wealth and influence" in the great corn
mercial city find that gold for remittances can only
be had at twenty per cent. premium, and they see
that the mightiest Northern armies can be driven
away from the Southern capital. They look back on
a war which, on their part, began with Bull's Run,
and has ended with a seven days' defeat at Rich-
mond; and so now, at last, dollars and defeats com-
pel them to cry out for Emancipation as a weapon
of war! As to the applause of the civilized world,
what can they think of it ? Do they suppose the
civilized world takes no account of motives in its
applauses ; that it will bestow it equally on a GARI-
BALDI, and on a selfish EMPEROR, as Liberators
of Italy ? In the very same breath, these "lead-
ing wealthy men," talk of the military gain of eman-
cipation as the motive for it, and then of the moral
applause of Christendom ! Christendom might rejoice
if it thought the proclamation of any avail, but it
would, assuredly, never honour those who issued
it, not in the interests of humanity and justice, but
to serve themselves and to spite their enemies.
President LINCOLN has issued his confiscation pro-
clamation ; the Confederates will only laugh, and
bid him come to Richmond and put his confiscation
threats in force.

The Confederates appear, however, likely to give
him very different work to do. The redoubtable
STONEWALL JACKSON is—they wish they knew
where—somewhere, threatening either POPE in
the Valley of the Shenandoah, or M'CLELLAN on
the James River. And, so rapid is he in his move-
ments, and so well do the Virginians keep their
own counsel, that JACKSON keeps two armies in
constant fear; the last rumour, that he was about
with 60,000 men to pay MTLELLAN a
second visit, being thought most likely ;
but no one knows, and this half JACKSON'S strength.
In the terrible rout of Gaines's Mill, the Federals
had no idea that he was on their flank, and they
had to abandon strong works and positions, and
their guns, too, because he turned up where he
was least expected. Most probably he will do
so again, and we should not be surprised to hear
that he had driven back POPE almost to Harper's
Ferry, or that he had made such an onset on
MTLELLAN as would render Federal reinforce-
ments of no further avail.

Our very latest-intelligence, that by the City of
New York, tells of nothing for the Federals but
failure and dissatisfaction. We read of " a general
uneasiness in all circles" for the last three days, of
an increasing call for draughting into the army,
because the recruiting, notwithstanding the high
bounties offered, languishes ; yet it is incredible
that compulsory enlistment would not prove the
ruin of the Federal cause in the North. HALLECK'S
appointment to the commandership in chief ie but
coldly accepted ; even the great Mr. SEWARD'S dis-
missal has been under discussion, for we are told
that he is to remain in the cabinet. Guerilla bands
increase in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Missouri, to
add the blessings of hot work to the heat of
the weather, in the semi-tropical Border
States. Even at St. Louis a plot has been
discovered, headed by some of the principal inha-
bitants, to seize the city for the Confederates.
FARRAGUT has to give up Vicksburg, leave it un-
captured, and sail to New Orleans, probably to save
BUTLER from capture and capital punishment by a
Southern army ; and in Maryland itself, almost
under the PRESIDENT'S eye, the Secession mem-
bers of the Baltimore municipality boldly resign
rather than serve under a Federal Government.
Everywhere on the side of the North we find social
and political uneasiness, and petty failures. The
picture may soon be changed, and the scene shift,
for scenes shift quickly in America, but such is the
scene at pres2nt. The Confederates, on the other
hand, are in high spirits, and declare that one more
victory will end the war. That victory is, however,
Yet to be Woe.

No One suspects English members of Parliament
of using their
but it is • position for mercenary purposes,
quite coui
their integrity to
sally
believe
with a full conviction of
We all are so. Hence
them susceptible of bias.
are not surprised when
even Mr. ROEBUCK, we e
paper constitutions vhs;csilliows a faith
in
in Austrian commercial resoUneing practical faith
neither litn-
gaAursitarniaslinor the English, as =Aver
admirers of