The Sun.
London, England, 1862-11-25 00:00:00

Ln BRA7'U.RE.

Mrs. Halliburion's Troubles. By Mrs. Henry
Wood. 3 vols. Bentley.
More than a century has elapsed since Hogarth
produced his series of plates depicting the contrast-
ing fates of the idle and industrious apprentices.
It has since then served as a frequent basis for the
dramatist and the novelist, and we meet with a
clever variation of it in the tale before us. That
such would scarcely be inferred from the title is
true, but although the commencement depicts the
" troubles" of Mrs. Halliburton, by far the larger
portion is occupied by the career of her eldest son and
of his fellow apprentice. Nor do her troubles arise
from her children, who are all that a parent could
wish, but from the poverty in which she was plunged
whom she had married
ere his income had reached the orthodox standard
ibuygthmeapthreemmaattuieraeldteuattohr,ofvhderhusband, a hardwork-
of X3OO a-year. The crisis happened in this wise.
Feeling somewhat unwell, it occurred to him that
it would be prudent to insure his life for the bene-
fit of his wife and children, and on Oiling at an
office for that purpose, he was referred to their me-
dical man. He went, as a matter of form, and was
grievously alarmed at being not only refused a cer-
tificate, but told that his only chance of life was
immediate retirement to the country. The shock
this gave him may be imagined, but there was no
resource but to act on it. He therefore gave up his
London engagements, sold off his furniture, and
proceeded with his wife and family to Helstonleigh
(the cathedral town which forms the scene of " The
Channings"), where he had a cousin married to an
attorney named Dare, through whose influence he
hopes to gain a connection. Vain hope! Travel-
ing to Helstonleigh on the outside of a coach, he
got drenched with rain, caught a terrible cold, was
laid up with rheumatic fever, broke a blood vessel,
and died, whilst Mr. Dare not only refused to aid
them but put an execution in the widow's house for
rent. In this extremity she applied to the landlord,
an extensive glove manufacturer, named Ashley,
who at once relieved her from the pressure. She
obtained work from his manufactory, and her eldest
son, was taken there as a kind of supe-
rior errand-boy. The idea of this kind of occupa-
tion was at first, as may be imagined, not very
Ipoawl
ut agb leee
ut
soi
bhlieme,
dbvui
et e
:his_ Tobt he
re
er gwa
ovue
dh i
bme tuh fol-
oe
real
disgrace in it, my darling. No work, in itself, brings
disgrace ; be it the carrying abroad of parcels, or
be it the sweeping out of a shop. So long as we
retain our refinement of speech, of manner, our
courteous conduct one to another, we shall still be
gentlepeople, let us work at what we may." Ac-
cordingly he sets to work dutifully, and rapidly
gains his master's confidence and esteem. Now, in
the same manufactory, and in the same position, is
placed young Cyril Dare, the Dares and Ashleys
being related, and Cyril being regarded as Mr.
Ashley's prospective successor ; that gentleman's
only son, Henry, being an invalid, and taking no
part in the business. Of course, as the Dares are
given to all worldly vanities, Cyril is the very oppo-
site of William. Idle, careless, and extravagant,
he even go,:s so far as to abstract a cheque from his
master's desk, and, although William is at first sus-
pected, it is soon apparent who is the guilty party,
ip, and
though, out of consideration for his friends, the
affair is hushed up. The rise of the Ilallibur-
naehgal Cuathnsvehftdkaneae
certt
ttb,
the
ocnseerwhuetyornph:epi partnership,
rotsatasthropet
efcdindtycehl
rroryeesinlh
tons, and the downfall of the Dares is now steady
attorma
hhrevnjeeieedserrbfertisoaitsuureedrcebrd:eu,
bsud.
nlfsteot
at
to emigrate
lvvehaeehi
mseleri master's
egat rfbhmmr:saeat
meagre
aedmsedgart
manufactory,
the destitute and incapable—Australia. Of course
the three volumes, inasmuch as the career of each
member of the two families
is enlarged on, though
Cyril and William
may be considered the two re-
presentative characters. In general plan the tale
bears a considerable resemblance to "The Chan-
nings," its merits and defects being similar in kind,
though, of the two, we prefer it. The intention is
good, the style is excellent; the sketches of low life
in Helstonleigh are vigorous and humorous, and
we cordially commend the work to our readers'
notice. ftfugeawgonm eethssi contemptuouslyofl
0,7
ofore,

The Lzfe of Joseph Locke, Civil Engineer, M.P.
F.R.S., &c. By Joseph Devy. Bentley.
Although the names of Brunel and Stephenson
are familiar as household words, it is probable that
to many of our readers that of the subject of the
present memoir will be almost unknown, notwith-
standing the fact of his having been more largely
concerned, perhaps, in the construction of railroads
than either of his great contemporaries. But he
never came before the public in the same way. Al-
though a man of sound judgment and admirable
business qualifications he was not a great origina-
tor. He made railroads and he made moneye He
did his duty by his employers, he became a
mmber
a
of Parliament, he was highly respected
notamong what
large circle of acquaintances, but
he
in-
dication was
the world considers a great man. ir
in this volume of his having evolveda newin
idea. Had h© never existed wouldrailroads
have been made, and we can by no means still
endorse
hist e
biographer.w on der an d
Nevertheless admiration
readilye d f for
grant hi him
thatby
and he seems
he was a very useful man
hisndertakings honestly
to have carried out
and skilfully. Like malaln who have made a
humble but re-
spectable in the world he came .
his father having been banks-
man parentage,
coalpit, in the village of
man at the Water-rowards
coal-viewer to Lord
Newburn, and
educationafterwards many others
seems to have been ob-
tainedStourton. His
he
at
Aget Barnsley grammar-school, but
of thirteen, and he was then
piecedi t e ats
we
wcdohi
Stoburt, but
fears' stay his dignity was hurt at having
after
to "ride over tec o°tlhlieerYpovsitedwaeirlynwamitehdthe letter-ba.;
rose his shoulders," and he left. Becoming domi-
ele.othßeurt, thisand veinasaafnmr
tonrieointtohleerten
at
htfltayli
domi-
ciled next with a land surveyor he was requested to
featacfroatrhdhome. He now had to assist his father,
and—trao moresckkttlOheh 11, woeful fate !—" when there was nothin
else for him to do, the g
manager of Messrs. Porter
and Company's colliery would make his son " lead"
coals in a cart of his own to houses in and about
Barnsley. So mortified was he at what he deemed
his degradation, that Whenever he saw any one
coming whom he recognised, he would lie down in
the cart in order to avoid being seen. Still, " it is
a long lane that has no turning," and Joseph at
length obtained employment after his own heart in
the office of George Stephenson. This was the
foundation of his fortune. He soon showed that his
abilities were of no mean order. He was employed
by Stephenson in his important undertakings, and,
in 1835, when they had a misunderstanding and
separated, he was appointed engineer-in-chief to
the Great Junction Railway. His course
was now clear. His practical talent was
fully recognised, and railway companies were only
too happy to secure his services. Thns among

IN E IV S PAPE
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the Thlglish lit;? constructed b In -: • „7. i. %•::
of London and Southampton, She Sid • 1- M&-
ehester, and Pry stop and Lancaster. Some im-
portant works were j.
xecuted by him in Scotland..
France secured his services for the Paris and Rouen?
and Rouen and Havre railways. He made a sur-
vey for one in Spain, and the DutOb requested his
advice respecting the trunk line of coOmunication
through Holland. The last railway of great im-
portance which he undertook was that of Yantes
andCherbourg, and for his services on this occat:ion
the Emperor decorated him with the cross of office)
of the Legion of Honour. In 1847 he bought the
Manor of Honiton and being returned for the tow^
of that name he represented it till his death, which
took place,. unexpectedly iii Septetnber, 1860, atter
an il.ness of oni.; two days. A [together his career,
if not excessively ~`,Tilliant, seetits to have been
eminently praiseworthy'. ,His opinions, as ex pressed
by his biographer, are libera:. and sensibte,. and to
those in any way connected with him this ”lume
will doubtless prove wry acceptable.

Foreign Desserts for English 2.e:bks By the
Author of ``.Everybody's Pudding-,b00k," &c.

Bentley.
This is a very useful little book, containfi.j a
great number of excellent recipes, so arranged as to
form a calendar for every month in the year',
" Make the most," says the author in the introduc-
tion, " of so elegant an observance of a dessert, and
celebrate it well. Profusion is not needful ; taste
is everything; then endeavour to evince a certain
style in serving whatyou have, and thoughyou have
but little at command, try and testify to your
friends in what dear honour they are held, not by
the substantiality of the refreshments you spread
before them, but by the refinement, the lightness
the delicacy of the friandises which you can make
to embellish your table, and appear to be invested
with'_ the grace of votive offerings spread before
your guests."

ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY.

Last evening a meeting of the above society was
held at Burlington House, Piccadilly; Sir Roderick
I. Murchison in the chair.

The first paper, a letter by Dr. Livingstone on
the Lake Nyassa, in Africa, was read by Dr. Norton
Shaw. It stated that at Mount Zomba there were
two tribes which were exceedingly warlike and de-
structive, the Aj awes destroying the women and chil-
dren. There was a party of those people who,
elated with continued success,finding they were before
a small number of about 20, commenced shooting their
poisoned arrows, when a resort to fire-arms vi as
necessary. None, however, were struck by the fire-
arms. Fortunately none of the party were hit by
the arrows. On approaching Lake N
rose they
found elephants and hippopotami, which were very
tame, and in that locality they fell in with a num-
ber of natives who wished the English to sit in the
sun while they remained in the shade. This was not
acceded to, when they rattled their shields, and
being frightened at the production of a note-book
which they thought a pistol they sped away. Re-
ference was made to a thick atmosphere, like smoke,
which was composed of insects, which the natives
collected and made into a kind of cake, tasting like
roasted locusts, but fishy. Alluding to the cotton
districts which were most prolific, together with the
lakes and cataracts, the letter concluded with a no-
tice of the extensive slave traffic which was carried
on to the westward.
Mr. SPOTTISWOODE read the second paper by
Capt. Speke, on the East African Expedition, show-
ing the difficulties he had encountered, and also
touching on the disgraceful truffle in the slave trade.
The third paper, by Mr. Baker, contained an ac-
count of his journeys in Abyssinia, &c., showing
that up to 12 degrees north latitude none of the maps
were correctly laid down. He had seen elephants
buffaloes, hippopotami, giraffes, &c., and one day
he killed five elephants.

The CHAIRMAN here referred to Captain Burton;
who had ascended the Elephant Mountains, and also
to Mr. Moffatt, the brother of Mrs. Livingstone,
who recommended the use of camels for exploring.
Mr. TINNET explained some remarks which had
been made by the Chairman respecting three ladies
who had proceeded up the Nile. Arriving at Khar-
toum they had to wait there the four wet months
before they could make an exploration of Abyssinia,
Upper Nubia, &-c Up the White Nile they could
obtain no habitation. By the accounts in July last
he believed they intended to proceed to Gondecoro,
and when he received further information it should
be forwarded to the society. He stated that the cha-
racter of the climate of the White Nile was most
salubrious. Heknew oneparty who spent theirhoney-
moon hunting elephants in Abyssinia—(laughter)—
and he recommended tourists instead of going to
Switzerland to proceed to these parts.

The proceedings were then a;ljourned until the
Bth December next.

111ARI7IME .RIGH7S.

DISCUSSION AT THE JURIDICAL SOCIETY.

At the usual bi-monthly meeting of the Juridical
Society, held last night at their rooms, St. Martin's-
place, Trafalgar-square (Lord Stanley, M.P., in the
chair), the discussion was resumed on Mr. West-
lake's paper, relative to the proposed alterations in
the law of blockade.

Mr. COLLIER, MX., opened the discussion. Re-
ferring to the proposition of Mr. Cobden, that no
place should be blockaded unless it was invested
both by sea and land, he was of opinion that the
other nations would not agree to it ; and what the
country had to consider was the difference between
the injury which it inflicted and the injury which
it suffered. Mr. Cobden seemed to him to beg a
large part of the question when he assumed that
this nation could have a protracted war only with
such great powers as Russia, France, and America.
But England might have wars with smaller States,
and if she relinquished the right of blockade she
would give up the only means she had of coercing
such nations, for it was impossible she could land
armies upon their coasts, she not being a military
nation. No doubt the blockade of the Southern
ports of America was injurious to England as a
neutral, but it was far more injurious to the Con-
federates, for were it not for that they (the Confe-
derates) would now be independent. He would not
enter into the question if private property should
be inviolate at sea, but he was sure the relinquish-
ment of the right of blockcde, allowed and acted
upon by all nations, would be injurious to this
country.

AuEp.bylVsEißrSGTE.RC.dii,sea‘g,v
irse:dthaftrowtnarthpeut positionan
taken
end
to n
treaties between the belligerents, and there-
fore he held that if the relinquishment of block-.
ade were generally provided for by treaty between
the maritime powers, it would thence become an
article of the law of nations which no State
would dare to violate.
Mr. PIIINN regretted that the question of the in-
violability of private property at sea was not made
the subject of discussion. It was the established
law of nations that one nation could blockade not
only particular ports, but the entire coasts of its
enemy ; and even the Americans, who were formerly
the loudest in their complaints of it,were now them-
selves but too ready to act upon it.
Mr. W. M. BEST considered that Mr. Cobden
confounded the right of blockade with the duty of
blockading. Every nation kid the right, but it was
a question of expediency for the consideration of
each nation whether it would or would not exercise
it. The object of all just wars was to inflict upon
an enemy such an amount of injury as would coerce
him into submission to the law of n itions, when by
the violation of it he had provoked the hostilities.
Blockade cut, him off from commerce, and so de-
[Hived him of the sinews of war, and any neilt!',l,l
which supplied h'm with them was an accomplice
in his crime. He did not mean his remarks to
ts
apply to wars undertaken for military glory, law-
less aggression, or the maintenance of an idea,for
proceed-
ingsa 1
were brought thosess.howerethhoupmroanmorateelre.
.s of such wars were
the enemies of the ,
Mr. WESTLAKhEt
to a co
brieflyrnecplulesidOnand the
eu
with h
complimentary vote.

Importing Tea without colour on the leaf pre-
vents the Chinese passing off inferior leaves as in the usual
kinds. Horniman's Tea is uncoloured, therefore always
ye•d alit e. Sold in packets by 2,280 agents,