The Sun.
London, England, 1862-02-10 00:00:00

(Entered at Stationers' nail.)

DR. LA'MERT ON SELF-PRESERVATION.
Price ls. ; post-free, 13, or sealed ends, 20 stamps, with En-
gravings and Cases. May be had of Mann and Co., 30,
Cornhill, London, or direct from the Author.
SSELF-PRESERVATION.--A popular Essay on
Nervous and Physical Debility, resulting from injurious
habits contracted in youth, or excesses in maturity, which,
by prematurely exhausting the functions of Manhood, de-
stroy the happiness of Married Life or prevent the fulfil-
ment of engagements which constitute the most cherished
objects of existence.

By Dr. LA'MERT, 37, Bedford-square, London.
Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh;
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, &c.

The above work contains most useful and interesting
information on the physiological changes which occur
in the Reproductive System during the periods of youth,
puberty, and manhood ; and on the due attainment of that
degree of functional vigour upon which the hopes of posterity
depend. It also points out how all the attributes of Man-
hood can be preserved to an advanced period of life, how they
are, lest, and how they can be recovered. It is free from the
gross exaggerations, alarming descriptions, and dangerous
real-Ales so generally resorted to by persons, who, prac-
tisiaz with false medical qualifications, inflict most serious
injuries, and render judicious treatment frequently abortive.
The Author is the only legally qualified practitioner
whose name stands an the Medical Register (the only
true test of medical qualification), who has been exclu-
sively engaged for a series of years in the treatment of the
various functional disorders of the nervous and reproductive
system, which, owing to the great discoveries of modern
science, are rendered subservient to a rational, simple,
and easy mode of treatment.
At home for consultation daily from 10 till 2, and from 6
till 8, either personally or by letter.-37, Bedford-square.

DR. CIJRTIS' MEDICAL WORK, MANHOOD:

I MEDICAL ESSAY ON SPERMATO (E
NERVOUS AND GENERATIVE DEBILITY, &a

'ust Published, the 150th thousand, with numerous plates,
in a sealed envelope, price is., Sold by all Booksellers, and
sent post paid, by the Author, forl2 stamps,

- -
ANHOOD: the CAUSE and CURE of PRE-
' MATURE DECLINE IN MAN, with Plain Directions
or Perfect Restoration to Health and Vigour. By Dr. J. L.
r7onTis, 15, A:bermarle-street, Piccadilly, London.

CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological
'ltructure and Functions of the Reproductive Organs.
CHAPTER IT.—Causes of Spersnatorrhcra and Impotence;
early Vicious Indulgences: Dangers of Neglect.
CHAPTER lII.—A Review of the various Disqualifications
A Marriage ; whether resulting from Youthful Abuse, the
Follies of Maturity the Effects of Climate, or Infection.
CHAPTERS IV. and V. on the modern Treatment of
Gonorrhoea and Syphilis.
The nook concludes with numerous varied and interesting
aces, to which is added the Author's recipe of a preventive
f,otion.

REVIEWS OF THE WORK.
"Curtis on hianhood.—This is truly valuable work, and
a,
..
honlol be in the handsof
,8d march, 1856. young and old. '— Sunday Times,"
"The author has conferred a great boon by publishing this
little work, in which is described the source of those diseases
—" Daily Telegraph,"
which produce, decline in youth or more frequently premature
work, which for twenty
March 27, 1856.
years has stood the test of
professionalo I d ane
s'
'sm and empirical hostility, treats in aplain
sympathising manner on the various disqualifications
criticism em
impediments arising from nervous excitement and de-
bility ; and to invalids suffering from youthful errors and
pxeesses it will be found valuable and uscful."—Record.
London : Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick Lane, Pater-
noster-row; Mann, as, Cornhiu.
Hours csi coilltliStion--749 t 9 8 411(1 6 to gt Sundays, 10 till 2.

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MEDICAL REVELATIONS.

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disorders of the nervous, sexual, and generative system, in-
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nal and diurnal wastings, and withering of the nervous
tissues, Ar.c. By Dr. WATSON, Member of the Ecole de
Rouelli.NathrlillAßOGlVA.&Wl9e.si gMi§rAT-3
"Nervous Invalids," with a view of superseding medicines
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For distinguished qnalifications vide diplomas.

MR. E. JAMES AND THE BENCHERS
OF THE _INNER TEMPLE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE DAILY NEWS.

Sir,—ln the course of your able and useful com-
ments on Mr. Edwin James's case, you remark that
if the benchers of the Inner Temple had done their
duty on the occasion of Mr. Craufurd's motion, the
career of Mr. James might -have been less discredit-
able. The present Attorney-General, who repro•
sented the bench in the House of Commons on that
occasion, confined himself to a statement that the
bare fact of exclusion, on which Mr. Cr%ufurd re-
lied, proved nothing, the mode of action being by
ballot, as at a club. The fault lay, and lies still,
with the main body of these benchers, who, in their
capacity of trustees for the public, persist in a
mode of election which deprives their conclusions
of all moral force, and even precludes inquiry, for
inquiry would be an additional wrong, unless
means were taken for securing an open and res-
ponsible decision.
It is a matter of notoriety that a Queen's counsel
of social and literary reputation is excluded by a
single black ball, yet though the bar petitioned
against and the judges formally condemned the
practice of which he complained, and the press,
with a rare unanimity, took up his cause, the mode
of election is still by ballot ; and if only half the
existing benchers were present (not a rare occur-
rence), a single blackball might exclude still. At
the other three inns of court the election to the
bench is open, and by;the majority. At either of
these, therefore, exclusion from the bench would
have the moral force it ought to have. At the
Inner Temple it ought in common justice to carry
no more weight than an exclusion from Brooks's or
the Travellers.' The late Sir W. Rawe was ex-
cluded without the pretence of a cause, and was soon
afterwards appointed chief justice of Ceylon with-
out object ion.—l am, &c.,

A BARRISTER OF THE INNER TEMPLE.
Temple, Feb. 8.

PROGRESS OF RAILWAY COMMUNICATION IN
SWITZERLAND.—III 1854 there were only five leagues of rail-
way in Switzerland, whereas there are now, after only eight
years, 250 leagues, which must have cost as many million
of francs. That small country, which did not begin the
construction of railways till 20 years after its neighbours,
has now a greater length of such communication, in pro-
portion to its population, than any ono of them. In fact, in
1860, Prussia had only 58 miles of railway for each I,oto
inhabitants, Saxony 47, and France 43, while Switzerland
had 521 miles.
ANOTHER SHOCKING EXPLOSION OF FIRE DAMP
IN SOUTH WALES.—On Saturday morning one of these
alarming accidents which have of late become too rife in
the mines of South Wales—viz., explosions of fire damp,
occurv.cd at the Gwellywion Colliery, Pont-y-Pridd, Gla-
morganshire. It would appear that the proprietors of the
works, Messrs. Fowler Brothers, use all the precautions
which skill and science have suggested for the prevention
of accidents of the kind, but, unfortunately, the miners
themselves, instead of seconding their efforts, display a
recklessness,
which, seeing bow many explosions are con-
stantly taking place, is really surprising. One of the rules
of the colliery peremptorily prohibits the use of naked
candles in the workings, but on Saturday two men, named
John Maybury and Howell Jenkins, went into one of the
old workings, carrying with them a light the flame of
which was wholly unprotected. Of course, the candle had
no sooner come in contact with the explosive vapour than
an explosion took place. The consequence was that the
men were knocked oown, and burnt terribly. An alarm
was given, assistance procured, and they were removed to
their homes, and medical attendance at once procured for
them. Only a short time before the occurrence, the fore-
man went through the pit, and found all the regular work-
ings quite safe.
BENSON'S WATenEs AND CLooKs.--" Perfection- of
mechanism.”—Morning Post. Gold watches, sto ICO guineas;
silver watches, 2 to so guineas. Benson's new Illustrated
Pamphlet, free for two stamps, descriptive of every construc-
tion of match, enables persons in any part of the world to
select with the greatest certainty the watch best adapted to
their use. Watches sent free and safe by post on receipt of
a remittance.—J. W. Benson, 83 and 34, Ludgate-hill, 40 and
47, LQll(lolllKC''ENtolltilled 1749.

The debate in the Legislative Chamber on Friday,
on the conversion of the Four-and-a-Half per Cent.
Rente, was opened by
M. DAIwioN, who opposed the measure. He per-
fectly agreed with the Minister of Finance as to
the necessity of reducing as soon as possible the
amount of the deficit, and admitted that the unifica-
tion of the public debt was of itself very desirable ;
nevertheless he could not comprehend how any one
could support the measure now proposed. His rea-
sons for opposing it were, first, that it was immoral
—(exclamations) ; next, that it reposed on factitious
buses; thirdly, that it offered no serious advantage
to the fun dholders ; and lastly, because it was disas-
trous to the Treasury.. His reason for calling the
measure Immoral was that it would lead to a colos-
sal operation at the Bourse, the profits of which the
Government proposed to share with the public. An
agent de change, when desirous of inducing a client
to enter on a perilous operation, would use exactly
the same line of argument as that which appeared in
the preamble of the Bill. The Government also held
out to the fundholder a hope that the addition
which he would have to pay would be
Made up to him by the future advance
in the " New. Three per Cents., and which he
thought the Government could not calculate on
with certainty. These were the reasons why he
designated the measure-iininoral: A conversion, in
his opinion, could not be a serious operation, except
when the rise in the public funds corresponded with
a reduction in the rate o! interest and of discount,

and when the Government could say to the fund-
holder that it could borrow money at a lower rate
elsewhere than from them. The quarterly payment
ofkthe interest was certainly a boon to the fund-
holders, but that, he thought, might have been done
without having conversion. The addition also
was a very serious thing for the fundholders, and
many of them would be compelled to sell a part of
their stock to raise the money. He was a great
advocate for the unification of the public debt, but
he could not separate that measure from the reduc-

tion of it, and the present measure, in his opinion
destroyed all hope of that desirable result.
M. BARTIIOLONY expressed his approbation of
the measure. One of the first acts of the Emperor
in 1852 was the obligatory conversion of the Five
per Cents. into Four-and-a-Half per Cents., and he
now proposed a further reduction. As the legality
of the right of reimbursement could not be doubted,
the only question now to be solved was the best
means to be employed for that purpose. The bill
under consideration was well calculated to effect the
small fundholders,
object, as it was a compromise between the State
and its creditors. The Four-and-a- Half per Cents.
and
debldy by
all a number of
establishmentsnabnadriFtaobulreperCents.
werea
to whom a diminution of their revenue would have
been a very serious affair. The bill now before the
House protected all those interests, dispensed with
the necessity of a loan, and prepared the unification
of the debt. As such it was entitled to the unani-
support of the Legislative Body..

M. KENIGSWARTER was anxious to render full
homage to the Emperor in renouncing his pre-
rogative, and to M. Fould, who had entered on his
financial duties at a time of great difficulty ; yet not-
withstanding his (the speaker's) attachment to the
Government, he was compelled to oppose the Bill.
He did not consider the measure favourable to the
interests of the State, particularly under the con-
ditions in which it wan presented ; the moment did
not appear to him opportune for effecting the con-
version, as it would place interests entitled to the
highest consideration in a situation of great diffi-
culty; end, lastly, he thought the realisation of the
conversion highly problematical. If he were Minis-
ter of Finance—(laughter)--he would, like the Hon.
..,,,i .11 hia efforts to reduce the
deficit; he would have cffteted e Joan tn, favourable
conditions to the amount of 300 millions, and the in-
terest on which he would have raised by effecting
savings in the war budget. As regarded the objec-
n andve r
thatsi on we
earst
awi
eh
leyn
seereaatdtihlye
tion of inopportuneness, he thought the moment to
wmaosnneyotcothueldcab
obtained,effectaco
present time. Things were far different in 1852,
when the metallic reserve in the Bank of France
was 591 millions, and the discount at 3 per cent.
The operation proposed would affect eight millards
of French stock, for a result which was avowed by
tha report itself to be trifling, and the success of
which was doubtful. The answer made by the great
majority of small fundholders would, in his opinion,
be that they held their stock, and never intended to
sell it, although a rise in price might take place.
Should the conversion fail after the adoption of the
bill in consequence of the abstention of the holders
of the stock the most serious inconvenience would
arise. The rejection of the Bill would not lead to any;
it would merely show a simple difference of opinion
between the Chamber and the Government. The
change made in the nature of the stock was not in
itself a matter of indifference, and in a political
point of view it was desirable to have the small
fundholders retain their stock, as they would
then be interested in maintaining order.
With regard to the Trentenary Bonds, they had
been spoken of as such an admirable security, and
yet they were so soon to have their deathblow
given to them. Those bonds were brought forward
as a resource to meet the expense of constructing
new railways, for w hich a new loan would now be-
come necessary. The report of M. Fould to the
Emperor said not a word about those bonds, and
yet they were included in the bill under discussion.
He hoped that some explanations would be given
on that point. The Government, doubtless, hoped
that the measure would succeed. lie entertained a
contrary opinion, and time alone would show which
was right.
M. VUITRY, Government Commissioner, com-
bated the arguments of the hon. deputies who had
spoken against the bill. The hon. M. Darimon had
alluded to what he called the immorality of the
transaction, and said that the Government wished
to lead a colossal operation at the Bourse, the pro-
fits of which would be shared between the State
and the public, but nothing could be further from
the truth. The conversion depended much less on
the absolute rates of the funds than on the diffe-
rence which existed between the Four and a Half
per Cents. and the Three per Cents. Within the
fortnight which preceded the report of M. Fould
that difference had varied between 27f, and 28f. M.
Kcenigswarter had spoken of a derangement which
would take place in the nature of the stocks, but
that was inevitable, as the same had taken place in
1852, and to a very considerable extent. With re-
gard to the difference in the present state of things,
and that of 1852, when the former conversion was
effected, he would say that the objections were
unfounded. The amount of reserve in the Bankof France at the latter period was nothing more
than the result of a complete stagnation in com-
merce. '1 he situation now was much better than
in 1852. The present compromise made between
the State and the fundholder Was just and politic.
The operation of the conversion was purely op-
tional on the part of the fundholders, and no com-
pulsion was exercised towards them. When
the conversion of 1852 Was effected the fund-
ho ders were offered reimbursement at 100 f., or a
diminution of a half per cent. in their revenue.
Their silence was to be construed into acquiescence,
and a clause to that effect was introduced into the
bill. But now there was nothin-
g of the kind done.
The holder was offered to convert his stock on pay-
ment of an addition, and if he abstained his situa-
tion was not at all changed. All the arrangements
in the present measure were formed with every
regard to the interests of the fundholders, and, in
his opinion, would be accepted by them in that
sense. The conversion proposed would not lead to
more than a simple reduction of their revenue of one
quarter per cent., and they would have the adyan-

I tage of receiving their dividends quarterly instead
of half-yearly. As to the Trentenary Bonds, the
premature death of which the Hon. M. Keenigswar-
hon. deputy
ter so much deplored, they were merely to have a
different existence given to them. The
had complained that no mention was made of them
in the report; but to that he would reply that
neither were the Four per Cents. spoken of. The
bill, he must repeat, was an equitable cc mpromise
between the State and the fundholder, and would
lead to the unification of the public debt. That in
fact was the true object of the measure, and he called
on the Chamber to solve in the affirmative a ques-
tion which affected the political and financial inte-
rests of the country. (Loud marks of approbation,
and cries of " Divide.")
M. PICARD said that the measure now proposed
was a very complicated one, and not an ordinary
conversion. It was an operation in which the State
told the fundholders that they should give them a
part of the profit which would result from the rise
in the Three per Cents., and receive in return a
non-reimbursable stock. Such an operation would
deprive the State of the power of ever making any
further reduction in the rate of interest. If the
operation were to succeed, it would put 190 mil-
lions into the coffers of the State, but that would
be a very trifling gain in comparison with the dis-
advantages which would result from the measure.
The unification of the debt was, in his opinion, a
mere chimera. The Government, in bringing
forward such a bill, departed from its cha-
racter of impartiality and persecuted the fund-
holder. (Laughter and interruption.) The measure
was a mere expedient, which, by devouring the re-
sources of the future, made a fresh attack on the
finances of the State. Some speculators might per-
haps suffer from the rejection of the bill, but the
country would hail it with pleasure.

The discussion was then adjourned.
The debate was resumed on Saturday by M.
AuGUSTE CHEVALIER, who supported the bill. He
said that yesterday that three members of the
Chamber spoke against the bill, and but one de-
fended it. He observed that the objections made to
the bill were that it was injurious to the State
and to the fundholder—that it favoured jobbing
and was immoral. He was commencing to refute
these objections at the hour of post.

The whole bill for the conversion of the Rentes
was passed on Saturday evening in the Chamber of
Deputies by 226 against 19 votes,