The Sun.
London, England, 1865-12-19 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 19, 1865.

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TBE LATE KING OF THE BELGIANS.

(Froim the Special Correspondent of the Times.)
BRUSSELS, Dec. 16.

To-day the funeral of the late King of the Bel-
gians took place, with almost more than the royal
pomp which usually clog these mournful ceremonies,
and, what is not usual, amid the most profound
expressions of regret and sympathy on the part
his late subjects. Since I last wrote, the work of
putting the city in mourning has been going for-
ward steadily and rapidly night and day. Especially
during last night were the exhibition of these
mournful emblems hurried forward, and when the
gloomy dawn. broke this morning amid the ceaseless
boom of muffled bells from every spire in the city
there was scarcely a house of consequence which was
not dressed with pall-like draperies of ghastly black
and white. Even the very lamps were muffled over
with crape, and the necessity which this occasioned of
leaving the lights burning with a sickly yellow
gloom made the whole line of road from the Place
Royale to Porte Laeken look like an avenue to a
vault. Seen through the dim winter morning it
would be difficult to conceive anything more mourn-
ful in this aspect than these thoroughfares. It
seemed at the first glance not so much that a King
was to be buried, but as if all his subjects were dead
too. Closed windows, closed shutters, _black flags,
and black drapery met the eye on every side, while
the very air was filled with indications of sorrow as
the echo of the minute guns and tolling of the muf-
fled bells came with dull reverberation from every
quarter. The great centre of the indication ' of
gloom and mourning was, of course, the Brussels
Palace itself. Most visitors to Brussels know its
cheerful aspect as seen through the trees of the
park—it starts up brightly beyond its fine open
square. Few even of those most familiar with its
appearance could have recognised it to-day. It was
draped with black cloth almost throughout its en-
tire front. Around its main entrance the black was
dimly spangled with small golden lions, and each
porch ornamented with a temporary gilt archway
similarly draped and gilded. Along the whole length
of the balustrade in front of the windows urns were
placed filled with incense, which as it burnt curled
up in wreaths of smoke before the Palace. Under
the main portico gilded tripods were placed laden
with the same kind of incense, till the very air in
front of the Palace was made heavy and unbearable.
All this was done before daylight, and almost with
daylight the first ranks of spectators took their
places. Early as they were, however, the great
masses of troops which kept the square and had to
take part in the procession were there before, and
had enclosed with double rows of infantry the space
allotted to the arrangement of the cortege. This duty
of keeping the ground was a mere sinecure, as far
as duty went ; for anything more orderly, or, if we
may so term it, more reverent than the demeanour
of the immense crowd could not have been desired.
Though the concourse in front of the Palace was
very dense, the footways, railings, lamp posts, vehi-
cles, and even park trees being almost equally
crowded, yet not only was the most perfect order
observed, but the most perfect silence maintained.
In the centre of the square were squadrons of
Guides and Hussars, with companies of the Royal
Regiment of Gardes, representative detachments
from the Garde Civique, both cavalry and infantry,
all with their colours shrouded in heavy crape.
Mixed in the groups of officers who commanded
there were to be seen the white uniforms of Austria,
the grey and blue dress of the Russians, the. bright
scarlet of the English army, the deep blue of Prus-
sia, and officers from Wurtemburg, Saxony, Portu-
gal, and Bavaria. Some of the uniforms of the older
corps were quaint enough, exactly recalling to mind
the old grenadier costumes worn by the artillery
companies nearly two centuries ago; but the great
mass was rich and tasteful, and looked very well,
even under the foggy chill of a Decemher morning,
and when the spectators had nothing else to look at
for some three hours.

The officials invited to take part in the ceremonies
at the Palace began to arrive soon after 9 o'clock.
As they alighted at the chief entrance they were es-
corted up the staircases, all hung with black, except
upon the landings, where the crape gloom was broken
by small hatchments, which even made the general
effect of the interior of the Palace, if possible, more
funereal than ever, Yet sombre as these wide black
unfrequented staircases at first appeared, they seemed
by contrast almost cheerful to the great saloons to
which they gave admittance. All the shutters were
closed, all the blinds and curtains drawn. A few streaky
rays of half dawn peered through them here and there,
just enough to show where tables and vases were to
be avoided, and now and then enable one to discern
the outlines of the pictures and mirrors with which
the lofty walls were garnished. Silence and darkness
seemed the rule. Occasionally the latter was dissi-
pated as some of the royal mourners passed through
the saloons to the White drawing-room, where the
body lay in state; and from this regal chamber,
where the doors were thrown wide, came the glare
of lights from many candelabra, seeming all the
more brilliant from their contrast with the heavy
piles of velvet drapery which surrounded the coffin.
On the previous night the body had been laid in its
coffin. There were four of these, and all of great
size. The first was a very massive one of lead ; the
second and third of oak three inches thick, and lined
with lead ; the fourth and last a massive case of
ebony of great weight and thickness, but unadorned
except by a black plate with the simple inscription—

" S. M. LEOPOLD lER.,
GEORGE CHERETIEN FREDERIC,
ROI DES BELGES."

Only the immediate members of the late King's
family were present when the body was enclosed,
and the coffin at last restored to its place under the
gorgeous-looking canopy. Then all the insignia of
the orders once worn by his Majesty were removed,
and, except the paintings and mirrors of the great
White drawing-room, there was nothing to break
the monotony of dark colours amid which the bier
was left to rest.

None remained in the chamber on the morning
of the funeral. Its doors were kept shut and
guarded by equerries, for only the Royal Family
and Royal mourners were allowed to enter and
take their last look at the coffin of their illustrious
relative and say a prayer by the side of the remains
of one of the most popular Monarchs who have
lived in modern times. Their entry and depar-
ture through the great doors let out a flood
of light, sufficiently marked, but beyond these
occasional gleams the obscurity of the rooms
that adjoined it was unbroken. Before 10 the
officials had begun to assemble in the saloons,
and the few servants, their splendid liveries only

partly hid by long crape scarves, were superseded
by equerries, grooms of the chambers, and high
officials, who marshalled all to the chambers in which
they were to wait till all was ready. The Ministry,
the Ambassadors, and the Senate, occupied the
three saloons leading from the new King's private +
apartments to the White drawing-room, in which
the coffin lay. Beyond this the members of the
various tribunals of law and commerce and of the
Chambers were assembled, all in official costume or
evening dress. The wearers of the latter, however,
were few and far between, for even the small mino-
rity that did not appear in uniform had their black
coats covered with orders ; and one civilian, a young
banker, wore a number of decorations that might
have excited at least the surprise of our oldest
Peninsular veterans. AB the crowd of uniforms, legal,
municipal, and diplomatic, gradually filled the chief
saloons, the ice of the long silence'was at last thawed,
and when the thaw did set in it went on very ra-
pidly. At int it was only a whisper that was ven-
tured on, then talking ; then very general talking,
until an air of suppressed vivacity and universal
good spirits seemed to pervade the company. All
of a sudden this was checked by the entrance of
two equerries, who requested all to rise and ax-

range themselves on either side of the saloons, as
the King was approaching. A total silence fol-,
lowed this announcement, and all the officials took
their places and remained waiting now very
silently. Three times the great doors at the end
of the saloon were thrown open, but only to
give ingress to some high officers of State, and
slowly, but surely, the half-smothered talk grew
up again, subsiding as instantly as before, when
the doors were opened time after time, but still no
King appearing. Almost at the last moment, at 10
minutes before 11, the great entrance of the Cham-
ber was thrown open, and, preceded by his Cham-
berlains and officers of the household, the King came
slowly in. His appearence denoted more than mere
anxiety or mere fatigue. On his left walked the
King of Portugal in a superb uniform, but which,
like the uniforms of all the other illustrious relatives,
was covered deeply with the usual signs of military
mourning. Behind the King came his brother, the.
Comte of Flanders, and the Comte de Hainault.
The Prince of Wales, who wore the full uniform of
a Field Marshal, followed, with the Prince of Prus-
sia. After them came the Archduke Joseph of
Austria, Prince Louis of Hesse, Prince Arthur (in
Highland garb), the Grand Duke of Baden, Prince
Nicholas of Nassau, Prince Augustus of Saxe-
Coburg-Gotha, Prince George of Saxe, the Prince
of Wurtemberg, the Prince Presumptive of Hohen-
zollern-Sigmaringen, the Duke of Cambridge,
Prince de Joinville, the Duke d'Aumale, and the
Duke de Nemours. Next followed the Envoys
Extraordinary of various foreign States :—General
Count de Grabbe (Russia), Count de Bylandt
(Holland), Lieut.-Gen. deßupplein (Wurtemberg),
Baron de Elofstein (Saxe7Meiningen), Field-Mar-
shal Count de Neipperg (Austria), Duke de Bassano
(France), Lord Sydney and General Grey, (Great
Britain), Count de Seebach (Saxe-Royal), Baron
de Beau-lieu (Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Altenburg),
Count de Hompesch (Prussia), and Baron de See-
bach (Saxe-Coburg-Gotha). To these succeeded
the diplomatic representatives of the various foreign
courts, the President of the Senate, and the Cham-
ber of Representatives, the Royal Ministers, and the
members of the Cabinet, who followed as the Royal
mourners moved to the White Room. Then all the
doors leading to it were thrown open, and the
chief mourners passed at once to the head of the
room. On the left of the coffin stood the
King of Portugal, with the Counts of Flanders
and Hainault and the Prince of Prussia. On
the right the King, with the Prince of Wales,
the Duke of Cambridge, and Prince Arthur, while
the various representatives dt the foreign Courts
grouped around the foot of the bier. The massive
silver crucifix had been placed at the head of the
coffin, but that bad been the only change made dur-
ing the morning. As soon as the subdued noise caused
by the influx of the great tide of officials had sub-
sided, the Rev. Mr. Becker, one of the Protestant
chaplains of the King, commenced the service for
the dead. It was very rapidly uttered, and, of
course, in French. When that portion of the ritual
was arrived at where the body is lowered to the
grave the prayers ceased, and the rev. gentleman
proceeded to deliver the funeral oration, which now
forms almost a necessary part of all important Con-
tinental funerals. It had, it was stated, been made
a special request that this part of the ceremony
should be brief. Nevertheless, the rev. pastor's
eulogium on the late King's virtues occupied nearly
half an hour in delivery, and would probably have
been still more lengthy in point of time but for the
remarkable volubility with which the words were
poured forth. So rapid, indeed', was the speaker's
utterance that it was not only difficult to hear his
words, but even to follow the context of his sen-
tences. During the whole time, however, the dis-
tinguished audience he was addressing remained as
mute and almost as motionless as the illustrious
mourners who stood around the coffin. It may be
possible that the many officials who had gathered
together in the saloon leading to the White Drawing-
room were quite out of reach of hearing the rev.
gentleman's exhortation ; in any case, the fact re-
mains that a continued hum of earnest conversation
arose from:the ante-rooms, in sufficient volume to
prevent those who strove to attend to the funeral
oration from clearly hearing the speaker.
Not only before the funeral sermon had begun, but
before the service commenced, or even before the
Royal mourners had entered the White Drawing-
room, the first detachment of. the long funeral pro-
cession had left the Palace, and was almost half a
mile away. It would be a mere needless iteration to
recapitulate the programme of this great ceremony,
and point out how every department, civil, military,
judicial, and ecclesiastical, had their representatives
in the cortege. Yet, it was only as the last of these
various State officers had filed away that the fune-
ral oration ceased, and left time to marshal the am-
bassadors and Special Ministers of foreign Courts
in their due order of precedence. This was done in
the ante-room, and in a few minutes the chamber
where the body lay was deserted by all save the
chief mourners. Not until all had left did they quit
their positions at the side of the coffin—nor, indeed
then, until the detachments of non-commissioned
officers, selected from different regiments of the
Belgian army, appeared to carry the late King
away. Then the mourners left the chamber as the
word was given by the Chamberlain, and the pon-
derous coffin was with difficulty moved a few steps
by 15 powerful men. It seemed curious that the
only sounds which now broke the silence as the
Royal family moved away were the muttered words
levez" and " halte," as the companies of soldiers
each brought the coffin a few steps on and then bad
to rest it. Its weight was so great that nearly half
an hour was occupied in getting it down the stairs
to the grand entrance. Possibly the very number
of soldiers employed to move it may have been
the cause of half the difficulty, but this excess of
precaution was done to the very sudden embarrass-
ment which arose when the body was brought
in from Laeken in its coffins, and when at
the last moment the strength of the bearers
appointed to the honour of carrying it was
found quite inadequate to the task. As the
coffin was being slowly carried down from stair to
stair the State funeral car, escorted by a detach-

ment of cavalry, and drawn by eight black horses,
drew up in front of the Palace. In design it
was certainly all that a monarch's hearse should
be. In execution, however, its effect was spoilt by
the substitution of gold instead of silver decora-
tions. It was a very large and very lofty catafalque.
The lower part was hid with velvet fringed with
gold. Above was a kind of second story, on which
were emblazoned the shields of the nine great pro-
vinces of Belgium. Over all was the conventional
tomb with the Royal mantle draped with crape and
the crown and sceptre laid upon it. At each of the
four corners of the car were tripods filled with in-
cense. These, however, burnt so quickly and sent
forth such flames, that when the hearse reached the

Palace some fear was excited lest they should ignite
the draperies, and the attendants who followed with

baskets of charcoal to keep the urns burning were
dispensed with. In the basement of the royal car
the coffin was laid, and superb wreaths of golden
immortelles on velvet concealed it from public view.
Close following the car were the household officers
and private domestics of the late King, and after
them the State charger of the illustrious deceased
was led covered with crape housings. No music
was played, no drums beaten nor trumpets blown ;
only the sound of the minute guns proclaimed when
the procession, or rather the funeral car, had left
the Palace, and as it did so the great bells of St.
Gudule were rung " backwards," and their confused
peals boomed out in a strange tangle of sound.
Following the funeral car came the Royal car-
riages. The first contained Leopold 11., the King
of Portugal, and the Count of Flanders. The
second his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales,
the Prince Royal of Prussia, Archduke Joseph of
Austria, and the Prince of Wurtemberg. In the third