The Sun.
London, England, 1862-07-03 00:00:00

THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA.

LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY.
The Canadian mail steamer North American,
Captain Burgess, which left Quebec on the 21st ult.,
arrived in the Mersey this afternoon.
By this arrival we receive New York journals of
the 19th, Portland ones of the 20th, and from

Quebec of the 21st ult.
The Philadelphia Ledger had published a bulletin
that the Secretary of War has again called on the
Governors of States to know how many men they
can at once supply to reinforce the army. The
cause of this is believed to be the reinforcetnent of
Jackson in the Shenandoah Valley.
The New York Herald professes to have been
furnished by an intelligent Union refugee with im-
portant and interesting information of affairs in
Richmond, from which place he made his escape a
few days previously. He states that
Since the appointment of General Lee as General
lief, nearly the whole army has been concen-
trated near Richmond, even recalling some regi-
ments sent against General Burnside. The Con-
scripton Act is rigidly en forced, the conscripts being
placed in the ranks of old regiments in the field.
Jeff. Davis is hated by the army as a stubborn self-
willed tyrant, and Beauregard has lost prestige,
though they still hold to the delusion of a rebel
victory at Shiloh. Correspondents are excluded
from all the camps, and the soldiers are not allowed
to write to their friends. The Southern papers
praise the exploits of the guerillas, especially the
fact of their not taking any prisoners. If these
guerillas capture any Northern troops they are led
into the woods, a few shots are heard, and the state
ment made that the Yankees were parodied.
There are from 400 to 500 persons in prison in
Richmond charged with disloyalty to the South.
The negroes are daily growing more open in in-
subordination, and the burning of the city is by
some considered certain. While the rebels esti-
rnftto their army round Richmond at 180,003 men,
it cannot amount to less than 150,000. This army,
though largely made up of conscripts, is well disci-
plined and effective, and has unbounded confidence
in Gen. Joseph Johnson. The rebel soldiers still
believe that the tide will be turned against General
MdClellan and then the war will be carried across
the Potomac into Maryland and the North, The
army of Johnson is constantly receiving reinforce-
ments, and he expects to hold our army in check
until the impatience of England and France in re-
ference to Southern cotton and tobacco shall re-
sult in bringing these nations to the rescue. The
rebels still cling to the delusion that their armies
have only temporarily abandoned such places as
New Orleans, Norfolk, Nashville, and Memphis.
The rebel leaders are fully aware, however, that all
their deceptions of military strategy will be ex-
posed with the loss of Richmond, and hence their
desperate efforts and labours to hold it. They can-
not explain their retreat from a crushing defeat at
Richmond to the satisfaction of their deluded fol-

lowers.
The Washington correspondent of the Philadel-
phia Enquirer notes the arrival of General Banks
in that city, and denies the truth of the rumours
that he is to be superseded. Some important
changes are to be made in the army of the Shenan-
doah, but these will not affect General Banks.
A Washington telegram of the 12th says :—lt is
believed that a correspondence is now progressing
relative to a general exchange of prisoners. Secre-
tary Stanton has returned.
Late advices from AlTlellan's headquarters say :
—Six boys were brought in yesterday by our ca-
va!ry, who state that the rebel pickets on our left
wing had advanced, and they accidentally strayed
over the line. They are believed to be spies,
sleeping in swamps by day, and spying around our
pickets at night.
There is occasional skirmishing along our whole
line, but a general engagement is not anticipated
for several days. _ _

The weather is very hot, and the roads are now
in pretty good condition.
It is stated that Gen. Gustavus W. S. Smith was
palsied and unfit for duty in the Confederate army.
The Portland Argus calls loudly for reinforce-
ments for MiLliellan, and draws a discouraging )
picture of recent events in Virginia. It says :—We
do not look through the eyes of a military man, but
to such as ours there is something inexplicable about
the command of General M'Dowell. Why a fresh
army of 40,000 is surrounded on all sides by despe-
rate encounters of hostile forces and moves not, is
the es ender of the country. For what purpose are
they held back ? To defend Washington ? From
whom ? They were unable to move so as to cut off
Jackson. Where they are they seem to us to
have elo tangible purpose whatever. It would seem
now that the battle for the defence of Washington
must be successfully fought at Richmond ; but it
seems that the officials at Washington do not see it.
A Washington despatch of the 19th says :—" Sur-
geon-General Hammond has within the past five
days provided 15,000 beds for the sick and wounded
in hospitals here and in Northern cities."
The editorial correspondence of the New York
Tinaes says that General M'Clellan has been labour-
ing under indisposition more or less severe for
several days. He was much better, however, and
was indefatigable in his attention to the details of
official duty.
A Fortress Moneoe despatch of the 20th says :
There is nothing new to report. The weather is
sultry awl unsettled. Skirmishing has been going
on in front of the army. The rebels have assumed
a more menacing attitude, and will probably try to
bring on a general engagement in front of their
works in order to draw our troops within range of
their batteries. Three deserters from the 4d Georgia
Itegitneut who came in yester'iay reiterate the re-
port that the rebels aro becoming desperate, and
greatly disheartened at their recent defeats.
A correspondent of the New York limes, writing
from Mechanicsville,Virginia, on the 16th, says :
Unusual quiet has prevailed in this vicinity since
yesterday morning. It is believed, from observa-
tions made from the balloon to-day, that the main
body of the eneme,, have moved to some other point,
and the impression prevails with many that Rich-
mend is being evacuated. The greater portion of
the tents on the eminence opposite have disappeared,
and no soldiers were visible this evening, except
one companY of infantry marching to the left and a
ee Oar line or pickets are within four
few pleeee --e•
miles of Richmond, while those of the enemy are
on the road a littae above,
and within speaking die-

of War bad received a despatch
tance of them.
The Secretary
from General G. W. Morgan, dated camp near
Cumberland Gap, June 18. It states that his army
commenced to march at 1 o'clock that morning to
attack the enemy at Cumberland Gap, but or, their
arrival it was found that he had evacuated that
very important position, his rear guard, having left
only about four hours before the arrival of the Fe-

deral advance. 1
The act appears to be well established that yel-
low fever had not made its appearance in NOW Or-
leans at the latest advices, June 10. The deaths in
the city during the first week in June were 122, not
an unusual number.
The American consul at Havannah having, how
ever, informed General Butler that yellow fever had
made its appearance among the shipping at that
place, General Butler has established a regular and
effective quarantine.
'Wm. B. Mumford, who had been convicted of
tearing down the Union flag from the Mint at New
Orleans, was executed on June 8. The effect of the
execution was profound.
A late Portland journal says—
The press speak of the rapid growth of Union
sentiment at New Orleans. We regret to say that
our private advices from the most reliable sources
do not warrant the correctness of what we sce iu
print. It is to he hoped, however, that the prevail-
ing feeling on the part of the inhabitants that they
are only a temporarily conquered people will give
way to a better idea.
The good conduct of our
army and the re •epenite, Of trade will do the most
to so desirable an end.
On the 6th June, General Lovell sent a lbg of
ust l
truce to New Orleans, stating that he was • •
tuoted
by the President of the Confederate States 4o say
that he had heard Mr. W. Van Bentheysen,
citizen of New Orleans, had been arrested and was