The Sun.
London, England, 1865-12-05 00:00:00

The 'United States Congress.

The XXXIXth Congress will convene at Washington on
Monday, Dec. 4. In the Senate, the Hon. Lafayette S.
Foster of Connecticut will take the chair as President pro
tem. with Col. John W. Forney of Pa. as Secretary. The
majority of the Unionists is here so heavy that it can in no
case be overcome except by division ; the only Opposition
Senators entitled to take seats without inquiry being
Messrs, Wright and Stockton of New Jersey, Buekalew of
Pennsylvania, Siddle and Saulsbury of Delaware, Davis
and Powell of Kentucky, G. Johnson of Maryland, Hen-
dricks of Indiana, McDougall of California, and Nesmith
.of Oregon-11 in all, to 38 Unionists. If. every State lately
in rebellion were to have Senators present at the hour of
opening the Session (as several of them will not), and if
each were to claim and hold his seat, there would still be
a Unionist majority. So no more need be said of the
Senate.

As to the House, the case is butlittlo different. The Re-
presentatives who will take seats of course aro politically
divided as follows:

States. Union. Dern. States Union. Dem.
Maine 5 Kansas 1
New Hampshire 3 Kentucky
Massachusetts... 10 Ohio l7 2
Rhode Island ... 2 Indiana
Connecticut ... 4 Illinois ll 3
Vermont 3 Michigan 6
New York
Now Jersey 2 3 Minnesota
Pennsylvania ... 16 8 lowa 6
Delaware — 1 Missouri 8 1
Maryland 3 2 Nevada
West Virginia... 3 California

Oregon 1
Total Unionists... 141 Democrats... 40

The States whose "reconstruction" has not yet been re-
cognised and ratified by Congress are entitled, when fully
reorganised and recognised, to send Representatives as
follows :

Virginia 8 Tennessee
North Carolina 7 ' Arkansas 3
South Carolina 4 Louisiana 5
Georgia 7 Texas
Alabama
Mississippi 5 Total —sB

Were all these admitted at the outset, without demur or
scrutiny, they would not all affiliate with the Opposition ;
and, even if they did, their combined strength would fall
far short of a majority. Their candidate for Speaker would
fall fully 40 votes behind, notwithstanding that sickness
will prevent the attendance of several Unionists.
But the members from the States lately in revolt cannot
take their seats at the outset so as to vote for Speaker and
Clerk. Not even such devoted and unwavering Unionists
as Horace Maynard, representing a district 010, though
temporarily overborne by rebel bayonets, never faltered
in nor concealed its devotion to the Union, will be admitted
without preliminary investigation and scrutiny. Our
Copperheads never peeped when the last Congress refused
to count the electoral votes of Tennessee, Arkansas, and
and Louisiana for Lincoln, because those States were not
in their proper relations to the Union when they voted ;
and the same reason will now prescribe an inquiry and
report by a Committee before their representatives can be
admitted to seats.
The recognition of a State which has been for years in
open and deadly hostility to the Union as once more
entitled to share in the Government of that Union by
sending members to Congress, is a very grave act. No
mere clerk dare presume so far. But each house, being
first duly constituted, will proceed to take up the claim
of all persons presenting credentials from States lately
in rebellion, and will act thereon as the Constitution and
laws shall be found to prescribe. There is no hurry,—
New York Tribune.

Extensive discoveries of copper ore have been
made at the summit of South Mountain, in Washington
county, Maryland. The extent of the ore has not as yet
been fully determined, but its indications are of the most
satisfactory character. The oro occurs in quartz, has the
color of graphite, and an analysis by the Agricultural De-
partment here shove it to be Almost pure copper.

THE COTTON MOVEMENT.—New York, Nov. 14.--
During last week the receipts of cotton at this port
amounted to 24,304 bales; sales and resales, to 15,800
bales; and exports to 17,857 bales, leaving an available
stock on hand and on shipboard not cleared in this market
of about 170,000 bales, worth about $34,000,000 in lawful
money, at an average of $2OO a bale. Middling grades had
fallen to 50c. to 51c. a pound on Thursday, but rallied to
51e. to 52c. a pound at the close of business, onFriday, on a
decidedly active inquiry for home use and shipment.
At all the shipping ports, from Sept. 1 to the latest
mail dates, the receipts of cotton reached about 400,000
bales, against exports, in the same period, of about 185,000
bales, leaving an estimated stock in the ports of about
393,000 bales, or the equivalent of $78,600,000 in currency.
The total receipts of cotton at all the ports from the date
of peace, May 1, to the latest mail dates received in this
city by Oct. 31, were 742,776 bales, representing a currency
value of $148,555,200.

The Liverpool Post has the following letter from a cor
respondent : _ . _

Sir,--It has often been remarked in cases of disputes that
an uninterested spectator who calmly looks on will pick
up the true points and form a correct judgment of the
matter. Being an uninterested spectator, having neither
a personal nor pecuniary interest in the cotton market, yet
haVing given a careful attention to the subject, having got
the best information which I possibly could from parties
in • America, who have gone to some expense to get cor-
rect information, I would wish, with your permission, to
say a few words on that most interesting question to our
Lancashire manufacturers.