The Sun.
London, England, 1865-05-25 00:00:00

AMERICA.

(REUTER'S EXPRESS.)
NEW YORK, May 13.
The following order for reducing the cavalry
'orces has been issued by Secretary Stanton :
" War Department, "Washington,
May 8, 1865.

" Immediately upon receipt of this order by Com-
manding-Generals of Armies and Departments, all
volunteer soldiers of the cavalry arm, whose terms
of service will expire prior to October 1, 1865, will
be mustered out of the service of the United States.
In discharging these troops the following will be
observed :
" Ist. The musters will be made out in accord-
ance with the existing regulations.

" 2d. Army and department commanders will
forthwith ascertain the number of men within their
respective commands to be discharged, and report
to the Paymaster-General.
" 3d. The Paymaster-General will arrange to
make immediate payment to the men discharged.
All cavalry remaining in service after the aforesaid
discharges have been made will be immediately con-
solidated into complete maximum regimental orga-
nisation as follows :

" Army and Department Commanders wil
designate and select the organisation to be consoli
dated.

" Organisations from the same State will be con
solidated with each other.

" Supernumerary commissioned and non-commis-
sioned officers will be mustered out when their
respective commands are consolidated.
" The commissioned and non-commissioned
officers retained, not exceeding the legal number,
will be selected by army and department com-
manders.

" Corps and department commanders will see
that the work is pushed with energy and executed
promptly and accurately, using to this end division
and brigade commanders to superintend it.—(See
Circular No. 64.)

" Horses and other public property rendered
surplus by the reduction of the forces will be turned
over to and cared for by the proper officers of the
supply departments concerned.
_ _

" Regimental and company records rendered no
longer necessary will be forwarded to the Adjutant-
General of the Army.

" Commissioners of musters will be held re-
sponsible that the necessary rolls are delivered and
forwarded to their destination without unnecessary
delay.

By order of the

" SECRETARY OF WAR."

With the approval of President Johnson, the
Secretary of the Treasury issued on the 9th instant
an important order bearing upon trade in the in-
surrectionary states. Paragraphs Nos. one, two,
three, four, five, six, and seven of this order are in
substance repetitions of orders already promulgated.
Paragraph eight provides that all articles of local
production and consumption, such as fruits, butter,
ice, eggs, meat, wood, coal, &c., may, without fee
or restriction, be freely transported and sold in the
insurrectionary states. Paragraph 9 reads as fol-
lows :—" All cotton not produced by persons with
their own labour, or with the labour of freed men or
others employed and paid by them, must, before
shipment to any port or place in a loyal state, be
sold to, and re-sold by, an officer of the Govern-
ment especially appointed for the purpose, under
regulations prescribed by the Secretary to the Trea-
sury and approved by the President; and before
allowing any cotton or other product to be shipped, or
granting clearance for any vessel, the proper customs
officer, or other person acting as such, must require
from the purchasing agent, Or the internal revenue
officer, a certificate that the cotton proposed to be
shipped has been resold by him, or that 25 per cent.
of the value thereof has been paid to such purchas-
ing agent in money, and that the cotton is thereby
free from further fee or tax. If the cotton proposed
to be shipped is claimed and proved to be the pro-
duct of a person's own labour, or of freed men, or
others employed, and paid by them, the officer will
see that the shipping fee of 3 cents per pound shall
be paid, or secured to be paid, thereon. If any
product other than cotton is offered for shipment
the certificate of the internal revenue officer that all
internal taxes due thereon have been paid must be
produced prior to such products being shipped or
cleared, and if there is no internal revenue officer
then such taxes shall be collected by the customs'
officer.

The 11th paragraph reads :—" Goods not pro-
hibited may be transported to insurrectionary states
free. The charges upon all products shipped or
transported from an insurrectionary state, other
than upon cotton, shall be charges of internal re-
venue laws. Upon cotton, other than that purchased
and resold by the Government, three cents per
pound, which must be credited by the officer collect-
ing as follows :—Two cents per pound as the ship-
ping fee. All cotton purchased and resold by the
Government shall be allowed to be transported free
from all fees and taxes whatever.

The following i the 13th paragraph of the order