The Sun.
London, England, 1865-04-01 00:00:00

was incurred thereby it should be defrayed by the Pneu-
matic Despatch Company.

The CHAIRMAN said that the company had put their large
pipe on the top of their sewers, but the board, in conjunc-
tion with, the District Board of Works, would be most will-
ing to lessen any inconvenience which might arise from
these works.

The subject was referred to the Streets Committee for
consideration and report.

Vacancies, Promotions. and Appointments

in the Civil Service.

(From the Civil Service Gazette.)
FOREIGN-OFFICE.—The office of vice-consul at Girgenti,
Sicily, has become vacant by the death of Mr. Oates.
WAR-OFFICE.—Mr. J. C. Cornwall has been appointed a
commissariat clerk, Bermuda; Mr. J. Shearer has been ap-
pointed a civil assistant, Southampton ; Mr. C. Brider has
been appointed a civil assistant, Southampton ; Mr. H. B.
Jennings has been appointed a civil assisiant, Southampton.
HOME OFFlCE.—Captain J. C. Farquharson has been ap-
pointed a deputy-governor, convict service.
BOARD OF TRADE.—Mr. A. J. Flaxman has been ap-
pointed to be a temporary clerk.

ECCESIASTICAL COMMISSION.—Mr. W. P. Courtney has
been appointed to a temporary clerkship.
THE POST-OFFICE.—Mr. Banjul, postmaster of Kilkenny
has been appointed postmaster of Kingstown (Ireland) ;
Mr. Castle, second clerk, has been promoted to be first
clerk at Newport (Monmouth).
CUSTOMS.—Mr. James Higgins has been appointed a
clerk in the examiner's office, London ; Mr. Edward
William has been appointed a clerk in the examiner's
office, London;' Mr. William Thomas Leetham Wheeler
has been appointed a clerk for warehousing and general
duty, London;' and Mr. James Hay Mackenzie Shand has
been appointed a clerk at Glasgow.
INLAND REVENUE.—Stamp and Tax Branch : Mr. Wm.
Pitt Bremner has been appointed clerk in the legacy duty
department, and to be stationed at Dublin ; Mr. Henry
Sydenham Dixon has been appointed clerk in the solicitor's
department, vice T. G. Garwood, superannuated ; Mr. Peter
Frederick Bluett has been appointed clerk in the special
commissioners of income tax department, vice J. B. Black-
burn, appointed to the secretary's department ; Mr. R. Wat-
terworth, surveyor of taxes, Manchester, first district, has
been promoted to be inspector, vice J. Purdue, superannu-
ated ; Mr. H. C. Hast, surveyor, Salford, has been promoted
to Manchester, first district ; Mr. H. Wootton, surveyor,
Bakewell, has been promoted to Salford ; Mr. R. Wyatt,
surveyor, Leeds, second district, has been removed to
Bakewoll ; Mr. E. C. Michell, surveyor, Launceston, has
been promoted to Sunderland; Mr. J. Dalziel, surveyor of
taxes, Sunderland, has been promoted to Leeds, second
district ; Mr. A. J. Apthorpe, surveyor of taxes, has been
removed to Peterborough; Mr. T. W. Fozer, assistant sur-
veyor, Birmingham, has been promoted to be surveyor,
and stationed at Persbore, vice W. C. Shaw, removed to
Birmingham ; Mr. C. J. Foakes, surveyor, has been re-
moved from Hastings to, Ludlow ; Mr. J. A. H. Caddo;
surveyor, has been promoted from Ludlow to Hastings;
Excise Branch ; Mr. Augustine Knocker, supervisor, Long-
ford district, Athlone collection, has been appointed super-
visor of Dunster district, Barnstaple collection ; Mr. John
Todd, examiner, has been appointed supervisor of Long-
ford district, Athlone collection; Mr. Michael Carrigg,
supervisor, Dudley district, Stourbridge collection, has been
appointed supervisor of London, west district, London,
North collectioh ; Mr. Alexander David, supervisor,
Pwllheli district, Carnarvon collection, has been appointed
supervisor of Dudley district, Stourbridge collection ; Mr.
Henry Damerel, examiner, has been appointed supervisor
of Pwllheli district, Carnarvon collection ; Mr. Charles
Smith, supervisor, Tan district, Inverness collection, has
been appointed supervisor of Pitlochry district, Perth
collection ; Mr. Edward James Maguire, examiner, has been
appointed supervisor of Tain district, Inverness collection;
Mr. James Summons, officer, Newcastle, Ist division, New-
castle collection, has been appointed to be an examiner ;
Mr. George M'Loughlin, officer, Dublin, Ist division,
Dublin collection, has been appointed to be an examiner ;
Mr. William Henry Rossiter, office; Cork, 3d division,
Cork collection, has been appointed to be an examiner.
EAST INDIES.-31r. 0. Robertson has been appointed
Under Secretary to the Government of the N.W.P. ; Mr.
W. Kayo has been appointed a joint magistrate and deputy
collector of the second grade, vice C. Robertson ; Mr. D.
C. Macnabb, deputy commissioner has been posted to the
Peshawur district ; Mr. C. Knox, assistant commissioner,
has been appointed personal assistant to the commissioner
of Peshawur ; Captain C. V. Jenkins, assistant commis-
sioner, 2d class, has been appointed assistant commissioner,
Ist class, vice Mr. Knox; Mr. J. D. Tremlett, assistant
commissioner, 3d class, has been appointed assistant com-
missioner, 2d class, vice Captain Jenkins, promoted ; Mr.
P. O'Sullivan, barrister-at-law, has been appointed to act
as professor of law at the Presidency College, Madras,
during the absence of J. D. May on leave, or until further
orders ; Mr. T. M. Busted, barrister-at-law, has been ap-
pointed to act as assistant secretary to Government of Madras
in the legislative department during the absence of Mr.
Mayne on leave, or until further orders; Mr.W.E. Gordon,
officiating first assistant auditor-general of India, has been
appointed an auditor of the accounts of the administrator-
general in Bengal ; Mr. F. S. Chapman has been appointed
to act as secretary to tho Bombay Government, in the re-
venue, financial, and general departments,vice Mr.Ravens-
croft ; Capt. F. P. P. Fenwick has been appointed assistant
resident. at Baroda..

Royal Institution;

_~--_ -

Yesterday evening, at the ordinary meeting of
the members of this institution, Mr. Glaisher de-
scribed the results of one of his recent arial researches.
He commenced by noticing the process of the infla-
tion of a balloon, and some of the exaggerated repre-
sentations of those who have ascended in balloonsfor
the first time. One gentleman declared that hishead
became so much swelled that he could notkeep on his
hat ; another said his head became so much con-
tracted that his hat fell over his eyes; and a foreign
aeronaut asserted that a bottle containing
wine exploded, and that he ascended so high
that he was almost beyond the attraction of the
earth, the sand that was let out of the bag remain-
ing suspended in the air, and he feared he should
never return to our planet. These exaggerations,
produced by the excitement of the new sensation,
showed that it required much experience in aerosta-
tion to be enabled to make correct observations.
Mr. Glaisher described the extraordinary appearance
of the objects on the earth on ascending, which are
sufficient to perplex and astound one not accustomed
to aerial travelling. He exhibited and explained the
various instruments he took with him for the pur-
pose of ascertaining the elevation, the temperature
at different heights, the power of the sun's radiation
the variations in the humidity of the atmosphere,
and for observing the dark lines in the solar spec-
trum. The observations on the change of tempera-
ture on ascending, made in his earlier experi-
ments, tended to confirm the previous experiments,
that up to about a height of -I,oooft. the ther-
mometer falls 1 deg. for every ascent of 300 ft., but
that on ascending higher the decrease of tempera-
ture proceeds at a lower ratio, until, as it was in-
ferred, that at great elevations the decrease would
not exceed 1 deg. in 100 miles. These observations
were made during the summer months, but during
ascents made in the winter and last spring the tem-
perature was found not to diminish in the same
ratio, and it was occasionally warmer at a height of
2,000 feet than near the surface of the earth. In
an ascent made during the night the temperature
became higher on ascending. This result tended to
show that during the night the temperature in the
higher regions of the atmosphere is greater than
it is near the ground, and that further experi-
ments are required to ascertain the law of decrease
at various elevations and times. With respect
to the solar spectrum, the observations proved
that the dark bands become more distinct
on ascending higher, and that they are
not occasioned by the atmosphere. The gra-
dual increase of solar radiation on ascending,
Mr. Glaisher said, leads to the inference that none
of the heat of the sun is lost by radiation through
space, and that the rays which reach the planets
Jupiter and Saturn may be as powerful as those
that come to the earth. He mentioned the extra-
ordinary variations in the currents of the atmo-
sphere at different elevations, and he observed that
the result of his experience of meteorological phe-
nomena was far from enabling him to forecast what
would be the state of the weather or the course of
the wind for a week or even for one or two days.
Further experiments at different seasons of the year,
in different latitudes, and during the night, must be
made before any general laws could be established
respecting the temperature of the atmosphere at
different elevations, and Mr. Glaisher said he was
glad to be informed that experiments of the kind
were to be made in France, which country is better
adapted,for continued aerial researches than the in-
sular position of England. He concluded by allud-
ing to the important uses to which the balloon may
be applied, and one advantage attending his numer-
ous ascents, he said, would be to prove that such
researches might be made without much danger. ,

CRYSTAL PALACE.—ONE ,SHILLING DAY.—FRI-
DAY, March 31.—Admissions on payment, 902; ditto by
season tickets, 911; total visitors, 1,813.