The Sun.
London, England, 1865-07-22 00:00:00

rHE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVEINING, LILY 22, 1865

able k dud, and there can be but one feeling of
pity and of sympathy for the unfortunate family
whoso private sorrows have thus again been dragged
into open publicity.

Free Trade in Russia,

Moscow, July 11.

The Moscow Gazette has just published an account
of the dinner given to the Governor-General of this
city by 212 of the exhibitors at the Exhibition of
Russian manufactures now open. Much importance
is attached to the speeches that were made on the
occasion, as they raised the question of free-trade
or Protection. Mr. Sampson S. Lloyd, chairman
of the United Chambers of Commerce of Great
Britain, and Mr. J. W. Goodman, chairman of the
Birmingham Small Arms' Trade, were among those
that were honoured with invitations. The health of
the Englishmen present havingbeen proposed by Dr.
lieesen, after a speech of considerable length, in
which he advocated the education of the masses,
and the advantages of classical instruction, Mr.
Mitchell, Attache to her Britannic Majesty's
Embassy, made a reply in Russian, of which the
following is a translation :
"Although I came here without the expectation of speak-
ing, yet I cannot refrain from expressing to you, gentlemen,
on the part of my fellow-countrymen and myself—firstly, our
deepfelt gratitude for tho cordial reception which you halm
given us ; and, secondly, our sincere congratulations on the
success of Russian manufacturing industry which we have
witnessed at your Exhibition. Believe me, gentlemen, we
view that success without the slightest feeling of jealousy.
Unfortunately, Englishmen have been generally represented
as mindful only of their own interests, and we in particular
have been set up before some of you as perfidious agents
of England, going about seeking to destroy your commercial
prosperity and envious of your industrial achievements. As
far as England is concerned, I do not see how our interests
can be in the least opposed to those of Russia. Both
countries are mutually interested in each other's welfare,
and far from England pursuing her own selfish views, she,
on the contrary, hails gladly the welfare of surrounding
countries. Why, we now buy locomotives from the French,
and should be equally glad to buy from you anything
that you can produce cheaper and better than ourselves.
As for ourselves, we Englishmen among you are only peace-
ful citizens like yourselves, eager—l confess it—to see
a better trade established between the two countries. We
came here to learn, not to instruct. We heard of your
Exhibition, and came to study the progress you have made
in manufactures. My countrymen who are more specially
acquainted with the subject have carefully examined your
productions, and they are agreeably surprised to find that
you have attained so much perfection. In the case of many
articles both the price and the quality will bear comparison
with foreign goods ; as regards others, however, many of
you have already observed that they are as yet far from that
stage of development at which you would wish to see them.
I do not hesitate to say, gentlemen, that that perfection
will never be attained so long as you fence yourselves in
with a wall suggestive of the Great Wall of China. You
cannot attain perfection in the higher branches of industry
unless you compete with foreign productions. (Strong and
almost general dissent.) But you have not the resolution to
enter openly into such competition, although you know well
that your present high tariff does not protect you from an
immense amount of smuggling, and that consequently
your present system stimulates the illicit importation of fo-
reign wares. Allow me, gentlemen, to say, with all since-
rity and good will, that all you want is a consciousness of
your own powers, and that self-reliance which your great
journalist, M. Satkoff, so frequently urges. Look at the
matter calmly and dispassionately, make your calculations
as men of business, and you will find that English free trade
notions are correct. (Strong dissent.) Allow me, gentle-
men, once more to thank your president, your committee,
and yourselves, for your very kind welcome of us to
Moscow."

The Moscow Gazette gives the replies which were
made to the speech. A manufacturer of China-ware
showed how impossible it was that he could compete
with English porcelain, when the clay which he re-
quired could be imported from England at ss. 9d.
per cwt., and Russian clay, of rather superior qua-
lity, could only be purchased in Moscow at Bs. 9d:
the cwt. Mr. Shipof, an iron manufacturer, and
The leader of the Protectionist party at Moscow, rose
to say that all Russia had to do was to follow the
example of England, which had maintained protec-
tion so long as it had suited her, and which
oven now protects the manufacturers of stearine
candles and the distillers of spirits. lie therefore
proposed a toast in honour of the English nation,
which was drunk with much enthusiasm.

Mr. LLOYD then thanked the assembly in French
for the exceedinglykind manner in which his friends
and himself had been received in the beautiful old
city of Moscow.
" We have learnt much (he continued)since we have been
here, and we are surprised at the quality and the beauty of
your productions. With the exception of two articles—
carpets and ribands—l have seen nothing which could not
compare with English goods. Gentlemen, different nations
have different interests. Let each nation take care of its
own interests and follow them in its own way. If you
Russians prefer protection, then follow the doctrines of
protection. We English aro not jealous of it; it is your
kffe.ir ; not ours. But do not forget, if a foreigner may
venture to offer these remarks to you, that if different na-
tions have separate interests, in some things the human
race is nevertheless, in a larger point of view, but one
family, in which it is impossible that one large nation can
become really rich and prosperous without the othernations
deriving some benefit from its prosperity. We English
have consequently a most sincere desire that your magnifi-
cent empire may increase in wealth and prosperity. Do
not, therefore, be jealous of us, but adopt that course which
experience and political economy dictate as likely to pro-
mote those great objects. I drink most heartily to the pro-
sperity of the brave and hospitable Russian people, and,
above all, of Russian commerce."

In addition to a report of the speeches, the Mos-
cow Gazette publishes a long and forcible leader in
favour of free trade, and refuting the fallacies of
the protectionist speakers.

As it is considered that woollens, linens, and
other indigenous manufactures can very Well hold
their own against foreign importation, the article
discusses more particularly the condition of the
cotton manufactures of Russia, and concludes as
follows :

"It is only desirable to take from it (cotton manufac-
ture) that premium which stimulates its further extension,
and which may lead.to a further depression of the manu-
facture of flax, hemp, and partly of wool ; it is desirable to
take front it that premium now, at a time when its loss will
be less felt than hereafter. The former is desirable in the
general interest, the latter in the interest of the manufac-
ture itself."

It is highly encouraging to see the - illoscow
Gazette (the most influential in the empire) so
committed to the cause of free trade.

We have much pleasure in being enabled to
announce that diplomatic relations between the Brazilian
and British Governments will be re-established at an early
date. It is understood that the Government of Brazil has
accepted the latest propositions made by her Majesty's
Ministers, and that thus the last obstacle to the renewal of
the old amity between countries whose interests are in so
many points identical has been removed. We sincerely
trust that in the choice of our future 'representative at the
Court of the Emperor Lord Russell will be influenced en-
tirely by a spirit of conciliation, and that no proper efforts
will be wanting to wipe away the irritating remembrance
of the causes of the past estrangement.—Herald.

VICTOR HUGO'S NEW NOVEL, " Les Travailleurs
de la Mer," in which the coast life of the Channel Islands
is prominently brought forward, is receiving the finishing
touches, previously to being placed in the hands of the
printer.—The Reader.
WHY LORD CRANWORTH. IS LORD CHANCELLOR.

—Manifold are the speculations why Lord-eranworth was
elevdted to Ihe woolsack, and why the Attorney-General
was not. The principal reason we telieve to be a reluc-
tance on the part of the Government to charge the coun-
try with an additional pension under such peculiar circum-
stances. This difficulty, which would have been made a
cry at the elections, was avoided by the course taken. Nor
is it likely that Sir R. Palmer was very desirous as yet to
accept an honour which must be his ore long. He has a
large family, and his present office is far more lucrative.
It will be convenient to him to save for a peerage before
he assumes it; he cannot do so afterwards.—Law Times of
to-day.

A DQG SAVED BY THE QUEEN.—A few months
back, while the 2d Regiment of Life Guards were
quartered in the cavalry barracks at Spital, near Windsor,
an order was issued-for the destruction of all the dogs in
the barracks. On the morning of the day on which the
canine friends of the troopers were to be destroyed her
Majesty made an inspection of the Windsor garrison, and
while passing through the quarters of the 2d Life Guards,
accompanied by the colonel of the regiment, was much
attracted by the appearance of a small and very protty ter-
rier dog named " Dick," belonging to Corporal Woodhouse,
a bandsman. The Queen paused, caressed the little dog,
and spoke to it. This saved its life, for the colonel gave
orders that "Dick" should be allowed to live, while the
rest of the dogs were killed, in accordance with the edict
that had gone forth. Dick is now the favourite of the re-
giment, and is honoured with a collar decorated with the
regimental buttons, and on the plate of which are some
unquestionably dog-grel lines narrating how the animal's
lift was fined.