The Sun.
London, England, 1862-10-02 00:00:00

£30,899,3051
BANKING DEPARTMENT.

Proprietors' Capi-
tal £14.553,000
Rest
Public Deposits (in-
cluding Exche-
quer, Savings'
Banks, Commis-
missioners of Na-
tional Debt, and
Dividend Ac-
counts) 8,486,834
Other Deposits 13,595,337
Seven Day and
other Bills .

Government Secu-
rities (including
Dead Weight A-
nnuity) £11,252,556
Other Securities 19,791,341
Notes
Gold and Silver 699,832
Coin

32,291

£41,109,974
W.

X 41,109,874
MILLER, Deputy Cashier.

0ct..2, 1862.

SHIPPING---THIS DAY.

LONDON, Oct. 2,—Wind this day at noon—South-
Westerly; u.oderate breeze, and fine weather; bat rather
cloudy.

COWES, Oct. I.—Wind S.W.—Arrived—Caesar, from
Rio Janeiro, and sailed for Antwerp.
CLYDE, Sept. 30.—Arrived—Tay, from New York ;
John Bell, screw steamer, from Montreal ; Estremadino,
from Malaga.

SALCOMBE, Sept. 30.—Wind S.W.—Arrived----Sarah
Jane, from Rio Grande.

SHIELDS, Oct. I.—Wind S.W.—Arrived—Gottingen,
from Iquique.

HULL, Oct. I.—Wind W.—Sailed—Wildervank, for
Hayti ; Ellida, for Malmo.
PORTSMOUTH, Oct. I.—Wind N.W.—Sailed—Her Ma-
jesty's ship Geyser, from Cork.
OFF HURST CASTLE, Oct. 2.—Arrived—Tyne, steamer,
from Brazils.
DOVER, Oct. I,—Wind N.W.—Arrived—Petrel, from
Hartlepool for Jersey, with damage to rigging, &c.

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)
SOUTHAMPTON, Thursday Morning.
Arrived—Havre, steamer, from Havre Tyne, steamer,
from Rio ; Ripon, steamer, from Alexandria.
Sailed—Argyll, steamer, La Mesange, and L'Etoile, for
Carentan.

(BY MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH.)
GRAVESEND, Thursday Morning.
Arrived, Oct. I.—Lamtnercier, from Callao; Moldavian,
from Colombo; Christine, from Brobak.
Arrived, Oct. 2.—Anniversary, from Colombo ; Eastern
Chief, from Calcutta ; Bacchante, from Shanghai ; Witch,
from Algoa Bay; Australia, from New York; Chance,
from Rio Janeiro ; Glenmore, from Algoa Bay; Thames,
from Genoa; Henry Clark, from Alexandria; Sylph, from
Trinidad.

DEAL, Thursday Morning.
Passed.--Seine and Tamise, from Paris, for London.

We are officially informed that, from the account:
of the half year, ending July last, the net earning
of the Great Western Railway of Canada will ks
tify the board in recommending a divides
u st
to
halfm meet
eytetahre.
half year at the rate of 1i per cent.
carriedle over,
.....,t;roeHbrvdeieeerr Majesty's
dividend a for
nil
itilmi e,
leaving a balance of £2,704 9s.
which includes the surplus of the
i
SATURDAY HALF HOLIDA = •
in
It is some satisfaction
Commissioners of InlandußEEevre.a_ul
to be assured by Dr. C. Ridd that
s amps, to 10 to 12
2, for obtaining the allowance of spoilt
d tthe hours of 12 to
o'clock on Saturdays.
t o theTHE lovers vEe EPIDEMIC
there is no truth in the report that sheep have the small-
pox. It is a disease, .
facial beauty, though
it lowers their gastron •
opfEsMouNthidNownS
gastronomic value for
They may yet, however, be restored to
a time. health and
strength.
TEE WATERLOO TRAGEDY.---TllO ;
g.Ps Lee, wh
o
was
was recently charged with killing his wife at Waterloo, and
3'
ordered to be detained during her Majest 's -
ground of insanity, died at the Fisher on pleasure on the
Asylum last week,
and was buried on Monday at the Fsherton Cemetery.
fratshire Atirror. I

THE LONDON THEATRES.

Mr. Boucicault has addressed the following letter
to a contemporary:—

Six new theatres have been constructed
lately in Paris to replace (six old build-
ings condemned by the- Government; improved
systems of ventilation and lighting have been in-
troduced with marked success, and increased ac-
commodation secured to the public. During the
last seven years several large and commodious
theatres, excelling in comfort and beauty any simi-
lar buildings in Europe, have been erected by
private enterprise in the metropolitan cities of the
I United States. Why should the London public,
that pay so liberally for intellectual entertainment,
be condemned to suffer martyrdom in the dingy,
stuffy, comfortless,ill-ventilated, worse-lighted dens
called "Theatres Royal" which disgrace this metropo-
lis ? The main objections to these buildings are the
narrow, tortuous entrances, where a crowd endea-
vouring to obtain admission gets jammed closely.
Crushed bonnets, torn coats, the screams of the
women, the cries of the children, the objurgations
of the men, and the remonstrances of the police,
however pleasant to the managerial ear, afford poor
tributes to the architect who contrived such insuffi-
cient approaches to the auditorium. Having
struggled into a pit or mounted into the gallery,
the audience fill the seats, the alley-ways, standing
in dense masses, until every available spot is occu-
pied. What would be the result of a fire, or of an
alarm of fire, upon this multitude ? Is it fair to
entice two thousand human beings into such a man-
trap, and leave them to the chance of so probable an
accident ? When the Legislature provides against
overcrowding cabs, omnibuses, steamboats, and
other licensed accommodations for public conveni-
ence, why should theatres he exempt from similar
supervision?

The room assigned to each individual in the
audience is too small for comfort. The rows of seats
are so close to each other that sufficient room is not
afforded for the limbs of the sitter. No suitable
provision is made for ventilation; thus in the upper
tiers, especially in the gallery, the air is a sticky,
etid compound, the refuse of two thousand pairs of
lungs and a thousand jets of gas. Behind the scenes
there is neither ingenuity nor economy in the stage
arrangements. There is a mass of rubbish called
machinery in the barrel loft over the stage, and a
labyrinth of timber under it. No provision is made
for anything, nothing is where it ought to be, and
everything is heaped into a mass of aged, reckless
confusion. May we not hope that in some
of the new thoroughfares now in contemplation
more than one theatre will be constructed worthy
of this metropolis? A large space will soon be
laid bare in the Strand, near Northumberland-
house. Here would be an eligible spot for such an
enterprise, and, if built with wide and commodious
entrances, a well-ventilated auditorium, sufficient
spade given to each spectator—for a spectator is a
human being, and not a sardine—the public voice
would soon demand similar reforms in the old
theatres. Those who regard this subject carelessly
may consider that there are theatres enough in Lon-
don; the public do not think so, and therefore music-
halls are on the increase. The population of this
city is now so great that even a moderately successful
drama will run for six months, and after one has
seen Lord Dundreary, the Peep o'Day, Mr. Fechter
in " Hamlet,' and the " Colleen Bawn," months
must elapse before any other novelty is forthcoming.
The audience claim some variety of amusement ;
our few theatres failing to afford it, they seek the
next best entertainment to be had. Without criti-
cising the performances at music-halls, few people
would hesitate to admit that it the Alhambra were
another Haymarket Theatre, and the Oxford Hall
were another Princess's, the public would be gra-
tified by the substitution of an intellectual for a
sensual enjoyment.

The entire cost of constructing and furnishing a
theatre the size of the Haymarket would be about
£15,000 ; the rent of such a building varies from
£3,500 to £4,000 a-year. I pay at the rate of £7,800
for Drury-lane. The Haymarket was rented, I be-
lieve, for many years at £4,400 a-year, and is worth
that amount now. The Princess's was let to Mr.
Webster for £3,800 a-year, and I understand he
has sublet it for £4,100. A rent of £4,500 was
offered for the Adelphi. About £4,000 a-year is
paid for the Lyceum, It is an error to presume
that a great risk is attached to this species of pro-
perty. No house rents are paid with such regu-
larity, and no buildings are so rarely without
tenants. In most cases the rent is payable in ad-
vance, and in some leases it is stipulated that all
scenery, furniture, wardrobe, and accessories made
in the theatre by the lessee become the property of
the landlord.

I plead, then, for the erection of a new theatre,
wherein the public shall find combined the im-
provements of the American and French systems.
Few architects have given special attention
to theatrical structures, and I have never seen or
heard of any engineering ability applied to stage
machinery. Some estimate may be formed of the
working order of a London theatre by comparing
it with an American theatre under precisely similar
conditions. In 1859 I built in New York the
Winter Garden Theatre, capable of containing
2,500 persons, being very little less than the
capacity of the Theatre Royal, Drury-lane. With
the same entertainments as at the Adelphi Theatre,
the Winter Garden consumed 20,000 feet of gas per
week; the Adelphi consumes 100,000. The number
of carpenters required to work the stage in London
varies from 20 to 30; in New York the same work
is done by six. Here we employ five or six gasmen ;
there the same work is well performed by a man
and a boy. While in management at the Adelphi
Theatre I saw three men endeavouring to move a
piece of scenery. I caused a simple contrivance to
be attached to it, and a child was then able to move
it readily with his forefinger. One might sup-
pose that such an economy of labour would have
been generally adopted, but our English nature is
jealous of improvement and suspicious of reform.
These matters may seem of small interest to the
public, but they underlie important results. The
heavy and useless expenses, and the waste atten-
dant on the management of the great theatres,
drove Mr. Macready from orent-garden and
fortunes of the
Drury-lane; they sapped the The failure of
Princess's under Mr. Charles Kea'
these enterprises was said to be due to lack of public
s want of a proper
patronage ; it was not so. It wa
economy of the liberal patroi
age with which the
fail to reward merit in any
London people never
form.
g
Let a party of a dozenentlemen—l mean those
who complain so constantly of the discomfort of
the dress circle and the want of room in the
orchestra stalls, subscribe and build a new and
elegant Let them do something graceful
for theatre.
the pit and galierjr, securing the peopmleodceostnty-
•
air, and, if there be any
I give
fort, room, and
with.sch a subscriptien,
about starting
£5,000 to begin

AwAGßAms.—Few persons can fail to be amused
a
' finding in the word logica, logics, the word caligo,
darkness, wrapped up ; in revolution, love to ruin ; and in
radies' reform, rare mad frolic, however prone to defend the
most advanced politics with the cudgel of an irresistible
logic. Adhering still to the political arena, who will not
smile at Prince Regent resolving itself into G. R. in pre-
tence, Ireland into the redoubtable Daniel R, democra-
tical into comical trade, universal suffrage into guess a
fearful ruin, and French Revolution into violence run
forth. What professionals, however testy they may be,
will refuse us the joke at the expense of the lawyers, of
finding in them slyware ; of astronomers in m on-starers ; of
clergymen in the word parishioners, which yields I hire
parsons ; of the Sartorial tribe, whose alterations are due to
neat tailors ; of poor law commissioners, whose poor-house
closes the vista to the pauper with 0 sour hope I of the mid-
shipman, who is bid mind his map; and of soldiers who,
true to the scarlet gaudery of their profession, whatever be
their views of its serious duties, never neglect their cos •
tume—Lol I dress. No one intending to perpetrate
matrimony will object to its leading into my arm, or
will fail to denounce gallantries as all great sins,
or will contemplate the rupture of the bond as ever so
distantly possible with thedetermination, I mean to rend it.
Should any one of our readers be so insanely susceptible
we should dub him forthwith misanthrope, meaning thereby
spare him not ; we should rob him of the hope of ever ma-
ting with an elegant partner possessed of a neat leg ; should
doom him to perpetual alienation from a sweetheart such
as with whom, once upon a time, there we sat; would deck
him for life with a bachelor's mourning willow, assigning
i him no more chance of wedlock than the 0 grim nun may
cherish; and would, impatient as Tim in a pet, submit
hie
ears to punishment, in the shape of nine thumps, ad
tend ad (ibieffirt,--koNin VlnversityAragozonf.

The DISTRESS IN LANCASIIIRE.—NobIe actions
abouni from day to day. Some of the millowners are gene-
rous and wise, and rainy are willing, however the body
generally have fallen below expectation, and their former
repute for public spirit. But no extent of liberality in any
of that class can exceed the expectation of society, because
the wealth of the manufacturer ought always to be regarded
as responsible for effectual aid to the operatives by whose
industry, in conjunction with the employer's capital, that
wealth was created. As the capitalist profits most in pros-
perous times he cannot reasonably or fairly leave the
heaviest
uwreersig. Thus
htofadtvheersuitt;otostbleibebroarnlitey
ofbythe millowners
his partners,
is a simple fulfilment of obligation. The same thing is true
of the landowners whose estates have become more and more
valuable through the growth of wealth and numbers .
in
their neighbourhood. There are no sacrifices
should not be prepared to make, a which they
their holdings, when the industry' a a moral condition of
Yorsity,—Oncg g wok, of their districts is in ad•

71IE CAPI URE OF HARPER'S FERRY.

The .New York ?Imes publishes the following
account of the engagements at Harper's Ferry :
" Another serious reverse has overtaken the Na-
tional arms. Harper's Ferry, the Union stronghold
on the Upper Potomac, has been overwhelmed by
the rebel hordes, and on Monday morning, at 8
o'clock, surrendered, after three days' fighting.
What so many feared was successfully accom-
plished ; the heavy siege guns on the Maryland
heights were successfully attacked in the rear, and
we lay at their mercy.
" A glance at the map will enable us to under-
stand why it could not be held against such power-
ful odds. The village is situated on the Potomac
(66 miles from Washington and 82 miles from Bal-
timore) where it forms a conjunction with the She-
nandoah, those two rivers uniting their energies, as
it were, for cutting a channel through the lofty
range of mountains before them. On the east bank
of the Potomac, which here runs in a south-easterly
direction, are the precipitous Maryland Heights,
thousands of feet high, and consisting of three dis-
tinct ranges, known as the Elk, South, and Catoctin
Mountains, the two former being more directly op-
posite the ferry. On the right bank of the Shenan-
doah, which flows into the Potomac from a south-
westerly direction, are the famous London Heights,
where the guerilla loves to make his retreat, These
are also very lofty and steep. Clustering around
the base and climbing up the sides of the point
formed by the junction of the rivers is to be seen
the village proper. About three.quarters of a mile
up there is a small valley extending across from
river to river, and on beyond the Bolivar Heights,
which command Harper's Ferry-
The Maryland
Heights not only command Harper's Ferry and
Bolivar Heights, but the London Heights and the
country for miles around. Artillery planted on
them have been known to do splendid execution to
the distance of four miles. A few weeks since four
rebel cavalrymen, who had taken up their abode in
a school-house at that distance, down the valley,
were entirely annihilated by a ball from the heights.
" Being well aware of the strength of this posi-
tion, our forces posted some weeks since two 126-
pounders, one 96 rifled, and four brass Napoleons
part way up the mountain, in a spot which had
been cleared. Recently the clearing had been en-
larged, giving the guns a wider range. These
seven guns were able to keep any force at bay ap-
proaching up the valley, and dismount any
guns planted on the surrounding summits. As
Jackson once said, whoever held them successfully
was able to bid defiance to the world. The artifi-
cial defences of the place consisted cf a heavy line
of earth intrenchments, with a deep trench in front,
erected on the brow of Harper's Ferry proper, and
extending from the Potomac nearly across to the
Shenandoah. These were built several months
since by 1,000 contrabands in the employ of the Go-
vernment. There were also rude earthworks thrown
up on Boliver Heights last week, designed to pro-
tect infantry in musketry fire. In the event of our
forces being driven from these, it was designed to
have them fall back to the former. On the left of
Bolivar Heights formidable hedge intrenchments
prevented a sudden approach from that quarter.
" About the commencement of the month, Colo-
nel Dixon H. Miles, of Bull Run memory, who
succeeded General Sigel (General Saxton's succes-
sor) to the command of the post, began to appre-
hend a forward movement by the enemy. On
Monday, September 1, the 87th Ohio, Colonel Ban-
ning, was sent down with two howitzers to the
vicinity of Noland's Ferry to prevent their cross-
ing. They took up a position on the Maryland
side of the canal, which runs parallel with the
river. The enemy appeared and succeeded in
crossing, when Colonel Banning destroyed the canal-
bridge, killed five of the enemy, and withdrew
before the large force with no loss. From that
time it was known that the enemy had entered
Maryland, and Colonel Miles began to strengthen
his position at every point. His force consisted of
the 12th New York State Militia, Colonel
'Ward ; 87th Ohio (three months' regiment),
Colonel Banning ; 126th New York, Colonel
Sherrill ; 111th New York, Colonel Segoine;
Ist Maryland Home Brigade, Colonel Halsby ;
Bth New York Cavalry, Colonel Davis ;
Ist Maryland Cavalry, Colonel Russell ; a detach-
ment of the Ist Marylaml Cavalry (Home Brigade),
two companies of sth New York Artillery, com-
manded by Captains M'Grath and Graham; 15th
Indiana, and one or two more Western batteries.
All of the infantry, with the exception of the three
months' men, were raw troops. General White re-
treated about this time to Martinsburg, via Har-
per's Ferry, leaving a portion of his command here.
On Thursday evening, being obliged to evacuate
Martinsburg, owing to the approach of Stonewall
Jackson, the remainder of General White's brigade
fell back to the ferry.

." THE FIGHT OF FRIDAY.
" On the morning of this day the enemy had be-
gun to make their appearance, three miles away,
on the Maryland Heights, near Solomon's Gap,
having ascended from the rear. During the week
we had advanced to the extreme top of the moun-
tain, and constructed a barricade of trees 400 yards
in front of what is known as the look-out,' and not
far from an open clearing. Col. Ford, of the 32d
Ohio, appointed to guard the heights, desired very
much to make the fight at Solomon's Gap, through
which they would have to enter, believing that he
could hold it successfully. Being, however, over-
ruled in his wish, he deployed on Friday afternoon
portions of his own and the 126th New York as
pickets, under Major Hewett, 32d Ohio, along the
mountain this side of the gap. Skirmishing com-
menced at half-past 3 o'clock, continuing until sun-
down. Owing to the thick underbrush the skir-
mish was of a bush-whacking character, as, indeed,
was all the fighting on the heights. The Garibaldi I
Guards, 39th New York, were in the meantime
scouting still further to the left. Under cover of
night Major Hewett deployed his men as pickets
from one side to the other of the mountain, and I
then went down to head-quarters to ask for rein- I
forceraents, believing that the enemy would attack
him in force on the morrow. He was promised two
or three regiments as soon as they could come up in
the morning.
"Few slept that night. At daybreak the line of
battle was formed about 300 yards in front of our
barricade as
follows :—Companies K and B, Ist
Maryland Home Brigade, held the extreme right, 1
the 126th Newyork -
next in order, 32d Ohio front
a
and centre, Garibaldi Guard extreme left. The
„
reinforcements we
sent up late, eight companies
of the 3d Maryland liiocome Brigade not reaching the
field until eight o'
l and the 111th New York
not until near noon, to,
lat© to render any assist-
ance to companies
Cavalry. Russell, 11 of the Ist Maryland
s Renew
advanced on foot,
with revolver and carbine in,
in front of the
line of battle near to the cleatird'
f!i•ibThe enemy ap-
pearing on the other side, they
vaitciak. The rebels
then, about seven o'clock, opened
vltm.usketry on
the front and , and made
in which they right
were handsomely two repnis iel. charges,
ing then became general along the whole Fight-
lihe on-
tinuing one hour. At the end of this time
rebels were reinforced and advanced with terrific
yells, at the same time beating the long roll. The
126th New York then became disorganised, and the
whole line fell back to the barricade, fighting as
they receded. Having reached the barricade, anew
stand was made. Colonel Sherrill, of the 126th,
gallantly dismounted from his horse, and with re-
volver in each hand rallied his wavering troops.
The balls fell thick and fast around him, but he
never flinched, calling upon his boys to stay by
him, until he was shot in the mouth by a musket-
ball, and borne to the rear. Two-thirds of the re-
giment rallied, and fought well during the rest of
the engagement. We maintained our position for
several hours, Company K of the Ist Maryland
Home Brigade, with its handful of men, preventing
a flank movement on the right, hut, the enemy
turning our left flank, we were obliged to fall back
again for some distance. The Bth Company of the
'Maryland Home Brigade then coming to the sup-
port, we advanced, re-occupying the look-out.
Again, however, the enemy succeeded in flanking
us on the left, and we were obliged to fall back, first
to the guns, and afterwards down the mountain.
"On! large guns on the heights commenced

shelling the woods in their rear at 10 o'clock, and
kept it up until half-past three o'clock p.m. (one
hour and 20 minutes after the order to s:, ke them
had been given). They were then di mounted,
spiked, and other wise rendered ineffective. Too much
praise cannot be awarded to Capt. Mg :Toth, when
commanding the guns, for the skilful manner in
which he manned them. A detachment of Fre-
mont's, more familiarly known as jackass' guns,
were taken to the heights during the day, and ren-
dered valuable assistance. They were manned by
company 1, 12th Regiment New York State Militia.
Colonel Fort, though seriously indisposed, left his
coach repeatedly to go upon the field.
Captain Russell, of the Maryland Home Brigade,
who exchanged the pastorate of the Presbyterian
Church at Williamsport for his captaincy, displayed
much fearlessness and courage, at one time mount-
ing the breastworks in full view of the rebels, who
were close upon it. Lieut. St. Clair, company
32d Ohio, also exhibited much heroism. First
Lieut. Samuel A. Bares, of the 126th New York,
showed so much coolness while endeavouring to
rally his wavering companions as to attract the at-
tention of Col. Miles. Lieut.-Col. Downy, of the
3d Maryland Home Brigade, was also complimented
by the Colonel for his courage and skill in handling
his troops. Coporal Chapman, of the 12th Ne w
York, brought down a rebel Colonel. During the en-
gagement the 126th unfortunately fired upon one
another, killing three. By a premature explosion
two members of Captain M'Grath's battery were
blown to pieces. I was standing close by at the
time, watching the splendid firing of the piece.
God deliver me from ever again witnessing such a
painful sight as those mangled and disfigured bodies
presented ! One lived for several moments, but died
as we were lifting him into an ambulance.

" While several members of company K, Ist
Maryland, were taking breakfast, after the first re-
pulse of the enemy, five different balls struck the
table. W. Henior, of the 126th New York, had his
hat shot off; Gordon William's, of the 32d Ohio,
had his right lock of hair shot away. A rebel ball
carried away a portion of the gun stock belonging
to Mr. H. Bingham, of company C, 33 Ohio, and
glancing struck W. Kofi's gun, of the same com-
pany.

" At 4 o'clock the regiments retreated down the
mountain in good order, and the Maryland Heights
were thenceforward lost to us.

"Who gave the order for their evacuation I em
unable to say. Certain it is that every soldier was
ready to stigmatise its author, whoever he may be,
as a coward or a traitor. And yet it may have
been best under the circumstances. Had more
troops been drawn from Bolivar Heights for the
defence of the large guns our position then might
have been so weakened as to invite an easy and
successful attack from the enemy, who had made
their appearance in that direction in large numbers.
" No sooner had our troops retired to the valley
before the rebels occupied the heights above the
guns and deliberately commenced a musketry fire
upon the village below, which was returned by our
soldiers. A shell from one of our batteries posted
near the bridge, however, caused them to skedaddle
in quick time. Everybody retired that night feel-
ing that all was lost unless reinforcements arrived,
and expected to be awoke on the morrow with the
booming of artillery from the evacuated heights.

" THE BATTLE OF SUNDAY.

" Morning came, but with it no signs of the
enemy except in front. Our guns and camps on
the mountains remained just as we had left them,
and yet the silence was ominous of no good. One
rifled 6-pounder and one 12-pounder Napoleon re-
mained posted at the bridge to guard it and pre-
vent an approach from Sandy Hook below. The
Ist Maryland Home Brigade took position near the
pontoon bridge to destroy it should the enemy
attempt to make a crossing, while a portion of the
87th Ohio was so posted as to guard the approach
from Winchester. Four 20-pound Parrots, three
24 howitzers, and several 12 and 6 pounders were
planted in the graveyard half way up the hill, ;and
behind the first line of intrenchments, to open on
Loudon and Maryland Heights. They continued
shelling them for several hours. The line of battle
was formed on the breastworks behind the Bolivar
Heights, nearly as it had been the day before—
viz., Colonel D'Utazy occupied the extreme right
with his brigade, consisting of the 65th
Illinois, 111th, 115th, and 39th New York,
Garibaldi Guard, Captain Phelp's New York,
and 15th Indiana batteries, and two sections of the
sth New York Artillery. Colonel Trimble's Bri-
gade, consisting of the 32d and 60th Ohio, 126th
and 125th New York, detachments of the 3d Mary-
land Home Brigade, 9th Vermont (deployed as
skirmishers), ana Rigby's Battery, occupied the
extreme left. The 12th New York Militia remained
posted behind the first intrenchments, and a portion
of Captain Pott's battery were moved up to the
Bolivar Heights and planted near the Charlestown
road. General White commanded the heights,
Major M'llvaine all the artillery, and General Miles
held command over all the forces. Colonel Baring,
acting Brigadier-General, whose forces consisted of
all the infantry and artillery (sth New York and
Pott's Battery) behind the first line of intrench-
ments, continued to shell the neighbouring heights.
At about twelve o'clock two companies of the Gari-
baldi Guard and two of the 65th Ohio bravely
ascended the Maryland Heights, secured some of
their camp equipage, and brought down four of the
pieces of artillery which had been left spiked. This
was a daring deed. On the day before a portion
of the Garibaldians, who were doing picket duty,
barely escaped capture, no word having been sent
them to retreat. Hour after hour passed by, and
no signs of the enemy appearing on the heights. we
were beginning to think that they were foiled in
their plans, and that the only force we should have
to contend with was that in front.

I t, The hope, however, was dispelled when, at ten j
minutes to two o'clock, they opened a furious fire
simultaneously from Maryland, Loudon Heights,
and Sandy Hook, with howitzers. Our artillery
replied it much spirit, Captains M'Elrath and
Graham,
of the sth Artillery, silencing the Loudon
batteries. Shot and shell flew in every direction,
and the soldiers and citizens were compelled to seek
erenfeumgye behindepened rit9wekos,minerheouses, and elsewhere. The
guns
on
the Shephards-
town, and a full battery on the Charlestown roads.
Heavy cannonading was thus brought to bear upon ,
us from five different points. Yet we held our own
manfully until it closed, toward sunset. About
dusk the enemy in front opened a musketry fire on
our left, which was replied to by the 32d Ohio, 9th
Vermont, and Ist Maryland. It continued some
time, when our forces were obliged to contract their
linen, the rebels having turned our left flank.
"An attempt to storm Rigby's battery about 8
o'clock, which did fearful execution, signally failed.
During the afternoon the 111th and 115th and 39th
New York moved down the hill to the outskirts of
a piece of woods, where they took up position for the
night. By some mistake the 111th fired into one
another about 9 o'clock, killing several. All became
quiet and the men slept on their arms. During the
night the 125th New York fell back to a ravine
running at right angles with our line of defence, and
the 9th Vermont changed position, so as to support
Rigby's battery. Under cover of the night the
enemy planted new batteries in every direction.

" TIM BATTLE OF MONDAY.
"Monday morning the rebels opened fire on
Bolivar Heights at 5 o'clock, which was replied to
until 8, when our ammunition gave out. The rebel
b •
atterles were so arranged as to enfilade us corn-
Inetely. To hold
ism elnitsic,leuileav longerout. seemed madness. Where
s7.\,.el"nacretiltolffb;.rag,ht, that he does not send us reinforce-
y firing is heard in the direction of
and Sandy Hook, indicating the pre-
'gel and Banks, but why are no reinforce-
ments sent us a Fully one week and a half has
elapsed since the
p
s M
crossed into Maryland ednemy
evidently with the
Are we to be left toa7tuseirr fategri of capturing this place.
" A few minutes
a council of war was hold.
The brave Colonel lAD.
'l'BE7 for one voted never to
surrender, and requested that
privilege of cutting his way outhe might have the
White- flags were
run up in every direction, and a jaag
ofi gill
truce was
sent to inquire on what conditioinsa surrender
would be accepted. General A. P.
word that it must be unconditional. Vnturbtallek

parleying resulted in our obtaining the following
liberal conditions, which were accepted:—

" TERMS OF SURRENDER.

" The officers were to be allowed to go out with
their side arms and private effects; the rank and
file with everything save arms and equipments.
" Amurmur of disapprobation ran along the whole
line, when it became known that we had surren-
dered. Captain M'Grath burst into tears, ex-
claiming, Boys, we have got no country now.'
Other officers exhibited a corresponding degree of
grief, while the soldiers were decidedly demonstra-
tive in their manifestations of rage. Yet, what
could be done ? Rebel batteries were opened on us
from seven different directions, and there was no
hope of reinforcements reaching us.
" I afterwards ascertained from Confederate offi-
cers that the forces which beleagr•red us were not
far short of 100,000 men. Gen. D. H. Hill's army,
consisting of several divisions, was posted on the
Maryland Heights, and Gen. Walker, with several
brigades, on Loudon. Those directly in front of us
were commanded by Jackson and A. P. Hill, and
consisted among others of Jackson's old divisions
now commanded by Gen, Stark (at present under
arrest), Ewell's division, Gen. Gregg's South Caro-
lina Brigade, numbering six regiments, General
Branch's brigade of North Carolinians, General
Pindar's and Archy's brigades, 2d Louisiana and 2d
and 3d Virginia brigades.

" As soon as the terms of surrender were com-
pleted, Gens. A. P. Hill and Jackson rode into
town accompanied by their staff, and followed by a
troop of London soldiers, who straightway com-
menced looking for ' those d— Loudon guerillas,'
referring to Capt. Means's Union Company, who
were fortunately not to be found. General Hill
immediately took up his head-quarters in the tavern
stand, next, to Colonel Miles's. Old " Stonewall,"
after riding down the river, returned to Bolivar
Heights, the observed of all observers. He was
dressed in the coarsest kind of homespun, seedy
and dirty and wore an old hat which any
Northern beggar would consider an insult to have
offered him, and in his general appearance was in
no respect to be distinguished from the mongrel
barefooted crew who follow his fortunes. I had
heard much of the decayed appearance of the rebel
soldiers, but such a looking crowd! Ireland in her
worst straits could present no parallel, and yet they
glory in her shame.