The Sun.
London, England, 1862-04-22 00:00:00

THE REY, PETER DALY.

The Galway correspondent of Saunders' News,
writing on Saturday, says :—" At lust we have a
termination to the war between the well known
Rev. Peter Daly and Bishop M'Evilly, which has
existed for several months. A visit to Rome failed
in the result anticipated by the supplicant—that his
line of conduct would be declared correct, and that
he would be permitted to have his own way ; but
the Holy Father declined to remit the chastisement,
and cardinals chimed in with' their superior, and
declared that he (Mr. Daly) was not blameless. But
Father Daly would not submit to his bishop—he
would not agree to give up his right of disputing at
the Harbour Board, and occasionally to enter with
that warmth for which he is remarkable into a hot
debate—in other words, to engage in a' shindy' with
some of the members—nor would he consent to va-
cate the President's seat at the Mechanics' Institute,
in which he had recently been installed with all
becoming pomp. The bishop was just as headstrong.
He would not allow the authority vested in him to
be set at naught, nor would he permit the privates
and non-commissioned officers of the army under his
command to become suddenly transformed into offi-
cers. So the matter rested—neither willing to yield.
To-day came the news that everything had been
arranged, and that Mr. Daly had fully bowed tothe
orders of the bishop. There is a sort of mystery
about the conditions,' however, which cannot be
fathomed. People do not talk very much about it—
his admirers do not seem to think he has come off
best. Now and then it is possible to catch from
somebody one of the ' conditions,' and perhaps I
shall best act by giving you all I have heard on the
subject., The reconciliation, it is said, was brought
about by some clergymen, members of the Jesuit
order. The principal grounds on which the bishop
has restored Mr. Daly are, that in future he shall
absent himself from all public boards, and that he
shall resign his office as president of the Mechanics
Hall, and that he make a public apology from the'
pulpit. As to the latter there was great difficulty, the
Rev. Mr Daly at firstflatly refusing to comply. It
wcia be very well if the bishop stopped there; bat he
does not. Father Daly is remarkable for the libe-
rality of his views, and not less remarkable for the
liberal manner in which he dispenses his hospitality.
He is an advocate of education, and countenances
all public institutions having that object in view.
At the annual examinations at the Model School
Father Daly usually attended, and on many occa-
sions was moved to the chair. The National Board,
however, is not deemed a body to which the Roman
Catholic priesthood should lend themselves, and so
another of the conditions is that Father Daly shall
not attend themeetings at the National School in
Galway. Even this is pardonable; but you will be
surprised to hear that the bishop has entered into
the question of the manner of his private life. As
I have already stated, the Rev. Mr. Daly is famous
for his hospitality—he gives the best dinners in
Galway 'tis said, and balls such as would be consi-
dered first-class in any town in Ireland ; he had
many friends whom he invited, and in town he was
rarely absent from their festive board. But it so
happens that he unfortunately knows every pro-
fessor and officer of the Queen's College, and they
always were numbered amongst his guests. The
bishop does not like the Queen's Colleges, at least
Paul Cullen does not, and that's about the same,
and so be must give up his dinners to professors,
and his balls, at which the professors and their
ladies are always present. Every sensible man
will say this is carrying the matter too far, and
that the bishop ought not to interfere with him
in his private life. Five o'clock.—The rumours
which I have mentioned above are now generally
believed in, and it is said Father Daly will
read an apology in the parish church to-morrow.
It is expected that the attendance .will be im
mouse. Sunday.—As expected, the chapel of
St. Nicholas to-day, at 12 o'clock, was
crowded to excess ; about 2,000 persons were

present. Before the celebration of high mass, the
bishop being present, Father Daly appeared habited
in a soutan." There was immediately great sensa-
tion in the chapel, and expressions of sympathy
were openly given. He appeared deeply moved.
He then approached the front of the altar, and read
a document which he held in his hand. It contained
certain apologies for his disobedience to the corn-
mand of the bishop. He then retired, and the ser-
vice was proceeded with. All the conditions' I
have stated above are quite correct, with this ex-
ception, that he may have an occasional dinner ;
balls, however, are prohibited. He is to go into
retreat' for one week, and at the expiration of that
time he will be fully restored to his ministerial
offices. It is generally stated the Rev. Sir Michael
Bellew, principal of the Jesuit College of St. Igna-
tius, in this town, is the person who effected the
reconciliation."

FEMALE EALIG_RATIOII%

(From Me Economist.)
One of the chief difficulties in the way of rectifying many
of our social mischiefs and anomalies arises from the want
of nliability and flexibility—the deficient faculty of accom-
modation to new circumstances—which belongs to a low
state of intellig;fnco and education. There is a way of set-
ting rightly nearly everything that is wrong ; but it is
often hard to persuade julcultivated people that it is the
proper way, and harder stn.!! toinduce them to overcome
lertia, and the mental in-
the ignorant timidity, the still
of its adoption. Many
capacity, which stand in the way
in Bucking-hamshire
years ago there was great distres4
At the same' time
owing to the superabundance of labour'.
there was considerable embarrassment in La..7cashire
to the deficiency of labour. Workpeopio worn a positive
burden to the ono county, and a positive want in ti:.o other.
The wages of a family were 10s. a week near Ayleslnlr9;
they were 30s. a week near Manchester. The parish autho-,
rities in the south and the manufacturers in the north wero
about equally willing to pay the expenses of removal for
some hundreds of actual or prospective paupers. Yet
nothing was found more difficult in practice than to nego-
elate and effect the transfer. The labourers were
boorish and untrained. They did not know how to realise
the new life proposed to them, nor how to adapt themselves
to it when they had entered on it. They dreaded a journey
of 203 miles as if it were an exile to the antipodes. They
shrank from the idea of a new occupation, new neighbours,
an unknown climate, and unknown surroundings. They
went, indeed, hut they went after much persuasion and in
small numbers ; and many of them returned after a short
sojourn, from simple inability to accommodate themselves to
work and food and a way of life to which they had never
been accustomed. Something of the same incapacity and in-
ertia is operating now to prevent that equalisation of wages
and population in several districts which would be a com-
mon gain to all. In spite of national schools, in spite of
cheap newspapers, in spite of penetrating railways, in spite of
spreading habits of locomotion, the wages of a Dorsetahire
labourer are still Os. a week, while those of a Yorkshire or
Lancashire artisan are 15s. and 20s. ; yet labourers do not
flow from one place to the other as they should do ; and in
busy and ' prosperous times manufacturers entertain more
sanguine hopes of being able to arrest the stream of Ger-
man emigration as it crosses the country to America, than
of attracting their own ill-paid and redundant fellow-citi-
Lens to a distance of 12 hours from their old homes.
The question of female emigration and female redundancy)
which is now beginning to awaken some portion of the atten-
tion it deserves, is another case in point. We hear a great
deal of the want of wives and female servants in the colonies.
We hear a great deal more of the superabundant number of
women in this country who can neither find occupation, nor
maintenance, nor husbands. Year after year the most ear-
nest and passionate appeals are made on behalf, first of one
class of destitute females, and then of another and a third.
The sole and obvious cause of their destitution is, that there
are too many of them--that the.ro are more women than men
—more female labourers than female work. Yet few draw
even theoretically the cogent inference that women should
go from the lands where they are too numerous to the lands
where they are too scanty; and fewer still dream of practi-
cally carrying out that inference in action. Nine out of ten
women do not know whence their distress arises, and nine
out of ten of those who do or might, have no notion of how
to set about the natural and obvious remedy. It is for the
colonial public who do want these women, and the British
public who do not, to lay their heads and their purses togo-
ther—to organise a manageable plan and provide the neces-
sary funds.
The statistics of the matter are, in round numbers, as fol-
low :—The census returns of 1861 have not yet been ana-
lysed or published ; but from those of 1851 we may deduce
the following figures, which will be found substantially ac-
curate. In all countries where are the natural proportion of
sexes has not been disturbed by special circumstances, there
are more women than men, especially of adult women. This
excess is in Great Britain sor 6 per cent. We have now in
these islands 500,000 more grown women (i. e., over the age
of 20) than grown men. But this is not all, nor the worst.
As a rule, one-third of our women never marry at all. Of
adult women now living in Great Britain, says the registrar
general, 57 per cent, are wives, 13 per cent. are widows, and
30 per cent. are spinsters. In n wora tnero are new one
million and a half adult unmarried women in the kingdom.
Of these, about 650,000 are domestic servants, to whom
celibacy, so long as they continue in service, appears a na-
tural and necessary condition. This leaves 850,000 appa-
rently redundant—of whom 150,000 is about the proportion
that would naturally and in a healthy state of society prefer
single life, and be required for and absorbed in the various
avocations for single women consequent on our complicated
civilisation. There are therefore 700,000 women in the
prime of life for whom there would seem to be no place in
this crowded country.
But is there no place for them elsewhere ? Let us look
across the ocean. In those countries which have been peo-
pled partially. or completely from these islands—the United
States, Canada, and Australia—we find the proportion of
the sexes precisely reversed. This is the inevitable conse-
quence of the enormous emigration which has been flowing
hence and thither since the beginning of the century. In the
last 45 years 5,000,000 of emigrants have left our shores
for good ; and of these we may bo pretty sure more than
3,000,000 have been of the male sex. Accordingly we find
by the latest and most accurate returns that aro extant a
total excess of males in the United States of 400,000, in our
North American provinces of 68,000, and in our Australian
colonies (including New Zealand) of 214,000. Assuming
the usual proportion of women over 20 years of age to the
entire female population to prevail there, we arrive (by a
calculation which we need not give in detail) at the follow-
ing summary :

Deficiency of adult women in United States 250,000
Canadian Colonies 45,000
Australian Colonies 145,000

440,000