The Sun.
London, England, 1862-07-28 00:00:00

THE 'SUN, LONDON IVIONDAY EVE vrYq, JULY 23, 1861

CRYSTAL PAL A CF.-TO:MORROW.
ONE SHILLING. Open from Nine o'Clock till dusk.

DALAIS de CRISTAL.—LES OR AND
EAUX—DE MAIN (Mardi), Quatre Heures.

CRYSTAL PALACE.—The GREAT FOUN-
TAINS TO-MORROW, at FOUR, will comprise the

following :

The Six Fountains on the Upper Terrace.
The Two Prince of Wales' Fountains.
The Large Central Basket Fountain.
The Two Graceful Water Temples.
The Forty-eight Tazza Fountains.
The six Boiling Fountains.
The Grand Cascades and Waterfalls.
The Eight Dancing Fountains.
And the whole of the varied and beautifully designed Foun-
tains and Cascades of the GREAT LOWER BASINS, which
alone cover a surface of five acres, numbering Twelve Thou-
sand Jets, discharging Twenty Thousand Gallons of Water
per minute, including Les GRANDES EAUX, 234 feet. high

the recollection of the right hon. member for Bucks.
Assuredly it is inconceivable that it could so
utterly have slipped from his remembrance, that
he should actually taunt Mr. GLADSTONE for
having done what he (Mr. DISRAELI) did when
the matter came to be looked into—viz., the occa-
sion of the Treasury Minute directing the renewal
of the lease! The astounding eh arge brought against
Mr. GLADSTONE by Mr. DISRAELI, in reference to
this very singular transaction, affords proof
positive, indeed, that the latter right hon. gentle-
man's signature was obtained, as we have said,
surreptitiously. It is hardly too strong language
to assert that, through some subordinate, and,
at present, invisible agency, the necessary hiero-
glyphic was obtained very cleverly upon the
sly. So that when "B. DISRAELI" was scrawled
upon that vexatious Minute, it was so scrawled
upon a document cleverly insinuated among a heap
of other papers requiring the Minister's signature.
Upon Mr. ORMSBY GORE, in a great measure, rests
the responsibility of having looked after his Grace
the Duke of BUccLEUCH'S interests in the matter of
this lease altogether. He was undoubtedly the official
who had the opportunity of forwarding the Duke's
views, and who, so far as he could, officially appears
to have endeavoured to forward them. The valua-
tion of the land upon which Montagu House stands,
surrounded by its garden and its shrubberies, was
made, it is true, by Mr. PENNETHORNE. But that
valuation was attested as a fair one by Mr. ORMSBY
GORE! And as to the fairness of the said valua-
tion, without any doubt, the least said the soonest
mended. While Government itself is now pay-
ing there for the purchase of land in the immediate
neighbourhood of Montagu House at the rate of
£lOO,OOO an acre—the Duke of BTJCCLEUCH (thanks
to Mr. PENNETHORNE'S valuation, attested by Mr.
GORE) obtains his acre and a half at Whitehall-
gardens from the Government at the
rate of less than a fifth of that price !
From 1856, for ninety-nine years, Montagu
House and grounds are to be held by the
Duke and his descendants at a yearly rental of
£Bso—a rental representing a capital of £20,000.
The lease thus renewed still of course holds good.
No attempt has yet been made to recall it—upon the
plea of its being a renewal in some way or other
surreptitiously obtained by some over-zealous par-
tizan of the Duke of BUCCLEUCH, of course, acting
in the matter thus adroitly, without the Duke's
knowledge. Deprived of his privacy, however, his
grace is understood to be willing. and not only
willing, but even anxious, to back out of the
transaction altogether. Ic will tend at once to
relieve everyone of a difficulty if his grace is taken
at his word promptly by her MAJESTY'S Govern-
' ment—and new Montagu House accepted at once
as the nucleus of a new pile of Government offices
duly to be divided among the departments.

Two points of considerable interest are illustrated
by the details of the news just received from the
States. The political difficulties of the North, and
the views of the South itself on the present position
of things.

We find Mr. LINCOLN in a double difficulty.
Both Congress and the Border States perplex
him ; the action of Congress doubtless increasing
his difficulty with the former. Slavery is of course
his trouble; the Border States evidently do not
like State abolition of slavery, and at a meeting
of the members from the Border States to Con-
gress they have passed some clever and specious
resolutions for Mr. LINCOLN'S consideration.
They remind the PRESIDENT of their practical
loyalty in having raised the 80,000 men required
of them to fight for the Union, and affirm their
willingness to raise their proportion of the new
call. With such a preamble they point out that,
under the constitution of Kentucky—the princi-
pal of these States—it would require four years
to take the sense of the people in Convention,
and after that it would need an Act of Congress to
complete the Act of the State, and it would even
then be uncertain whether Congress would remain
disposed to vote the money. These 'cute Ken-
tuckians, therefore, propose that specific legislation
by Congress should precede legislation by the State.
To obviate, moreover, the delays of organised State
action, the Border State representatives think that
the offer should be made at once, and directly to
the individual citizens of the Slave States, and then
the question would be at once solved, and in time
to aid the Government. Congress would at once
prove its willingness to appropriate the money, and
the people of the Border States would show their
readiness to aid the Union, even at the sacrifice of
a radical change in their social organisation. They
conclude their representations to him with the
loudest professions of attachment to the Union, de-
claring that even if the Government were over-
whelmed in its struggle with secession, the Border
State will not jein their broken fortune to the
Southern Confederacy, but seek elsewhere new
alliances and a new career.

The PRESIDENT could not, of course, resist such
affectionate loyalty ; and a day or two after this
programme was agreed on by the Borderers, he
sends a draft bill to Congress to carry out at least
one part of their demand. The resolution passed
by Congress, stated only its willingness to co-operate,
by pecuniary compensation, with any State in the
emancipation of its slaves. If Congress was sincere
in the reso!ution,, it ought to be willing to put the
slave States, by a positive act, in the position to
demand the money of the Government, if it agitated
the question of abolition and carried the measure.
Otherwise the very agitation of the subject might
render abolition necessary, and Congress might then
be ruinously slow in providing the funds. Mr. LIN-
COLN'S Bill therefore proposes to pay for the slaves as
every thing else is paid for in America by appealing
to the future for money; it provides that when-
ever the PRESIDENT of the United States shall
be satisfied that any State shall have lawfully
abolished slavery within and throughout such State,
either
immediately or gradually, it shall be the
duty
of the President, assisted by the Secretary of
the Treasury, to prepare and deliver to each State
an amount
--... of six per cent. interest-bearing bonds
of the 'United States equal to the aggregate value,
rhead, of all the slaves within
such State an reported by the census of 1860 ; the
whole amount for any
oue
bt!ate being delivered at
once if the abolishment
interest
to begin e, or in equal
instalments if it be gradual,
run-
ning on each bond at the time of delivery, and not
before." Perhaps by the "gradua
l
,
abolition he
understands, amongst other methods, that which
the Border members suggest, of individuals who
preferred it, emancipating their slaves, and receiv-
ing the Government pay
at once. If so, and if
Congress accept the PRESIDENT'S Bill, we may
hope to sec a good beginning in the way of emanci-
pation in the Border States, unless, indeed, every
individual slaveholder should prove so tenacious of
absolute power, as to prefer retaining
Accepting money at such a crisis for slave property
as the present. his slaves to

The PRESIDENT is, however, more embarrassed
with the Confiscation Bill. We described it on
Saturday, and the reader has seen that if pressed
to the let ter it would be a virtual decree of eman-
cipation after sixty days. It is probably this which

makes the PRESIDENT hesitate. When the mail
left he was busy preparing objections and amend-
ments, to which, it was understcod, he would en-
deavour to obtain the consent of Congress. It
seems wonderful, after the late repulse from Rich.
mend, that the PRESIDENT should hesitate to givt
his assent to any anti-slavery or abolition measure.
The Border States would not, as they are now loyal,
be touched by it ; and what can he propose to him-
self by endeavours to conciliate Virginia and the
cotton States? Very plainly, however, the North
is beginning to see that willing or unwilling to
abolish slavery, it has no other chance of success.
The bombastic proclamation of 111‘CLELLAN we
have already had, we have now the simpler one of
JEFFERSON DAVIS, thanking his soldiers as their
PRESIDENT, on behalf of the country, for " the
series of brilliant victories" they had won. The
Southern PRESIDENT thus states the main facts of
a struggle which, had they occurred on the other
side, would assuredly have given outlet to a much
fuller stream of rhetoric :—" Ten days ago," says
Mr, JEFFERSON, "an invading army, vastly supe-
rior to you in numbers and in the material of
war, closely be:eaguered your capital, and vaunt.
ingly proclaimed its speedy conquest. You marched
to attack the enemy in his entrenchments ; with
well-directed movements and death-defying valour
you charged upon him in his strong positions, drove
him from field to field over a distance of more than
35 miles, and, despite his reinforcements, compelled
him to seek shelter under the cover of his gunboats,
where he now lies, cowering before the army he so
lately derided and threatened with entire subjuga-
tion." the President thinks they have done enough
for glory; but, their suffering country, and the
cause of constitutional liberty—he should have
added and of buying and selling men and working
them like cattle—still demands from them further
efforts. He expects them to study to promote
their o pan efficiency, and now, we believe for the
first time utters a threat to the North, in
his address to his soldiers, which we do not recollect
that this wary man has ever made use of before.
If the North will not grant peace, he now proposes
to compel her to do so. Washington is to tremble
again. They are not, now, to stop short with de-
fence ; "your one grand object being," he says "to
drive the invader from your soil, and, carrying
your standards beyond the outer boundaries of the
Confederacy, to wring from an unscrupulous foe
the recognition of your birthright, community, and
independence." Has the South any project of the
kind in view. JEFF. DAVIS has not hitherto
uttered empty threats, any more than he has con-
cealed teal defeats—when he threatened a naval
exploit, he performed one which gained the atten-
tion of the whole world—and with a general like
JACKSON, whose movements are just now very ob-
scure, it is by no means impossible that the north
of the Potomac may soon need the services of Gen.
M4CLELLAN.

Of course, nothing can be asserted yet on any
reasonable grounds respecting the nest probable
military movements. In Virginia we have POPE, the
new Federal commander in the west of that State,
addressing his men as if he intended to drive all be-
fore him; but we remember that JACKSON is yet
free to move when he pleases from Richmond to
Washington itself. We hear from the South that
no siege guns were captured, but only light
pieces, which had to be recast. We are also
told of an iron-clad boat building at Rich-
mond, but of great difficulty in obtaining iron.
Still, we read in the Southern papers of great confi
dente that the invader will soon be driven out, and
of families who had left, returning to Richmond.
Vicksburg, on the Mississippi, still holds out, and
the Border States are beccming alive with insurrec-
tion. Such facts, with the difficulty the PRESI-
DENT finds in raising his 303,000 men, and the
abolition tendency of various public measures, may
all mean that the fearful result is fast approaching
—that either the South, by its present efforts, will
abolish the Union, or the North must abolish
Slavery.

Another act of munificence on the part of the
SOVEREIGN has now to be announced. According
to the information with which we have been
honoured this forenoon by the noble earl the
leader of her MAJESTY'S Opposition, the QUEEN
has contributed a sum of £2,000 to the Fund now
being collected from all ranks and classes of her
MAJESTY'S subjects for the relief of the Distress in
Lancashire. The incident is, of course, exactly
the reverse of being in any way unprecedented.
It is only another added to a very long list of
similar royal benefactions during the now quar-
ter of a century's reign of Queen VICTORIA. Her
Most Gracious MAJESTY has ever evinced her
instant readiness to come to the relief of suffering,
whenever that suffering has been brought to her
MAJESTY'S knowledge. Occasionally, this prompt
munificence of the QUEEN has been evidenced in a
very signal manner, and under peculiarly impres-
sive and afflicting circumstances. It was thus, it
will be remembered, in the instance of that sudden
and appalling affliction which befell the poor col-
liery village down at the New Hartley Pit, where
upwards of 200 poor fellows were doomed to a
dreadful death by the horrible. results of an
instant's accident. Then—who can forget it ?
—her MAJESTY not only contributed a mu-
nificent donation to the funds being raised
for the widows and the orphan children of
the deceased colliers, but sent a kindly, tender,
benignant message cf her heart's sympathy to
the afflicted people of that village—a message
flashed by electric telegraph from the palace
of the widowed QUEEN, down to that sor-
row-stricken neighbourhood, down by the new
Hartley Pit. Here, once more, the QUEEN evi-
dences her active sympathy with the afflicted, by
adding her donation of two thousand pounds ster-
ing, to the other gifts of money accumulating, in
lesser sums, for the alleviation of the privations
resulting from the Cotton Famine in the North of
England, but more particularly in Lancashire.

We hope Mr. COBDEN'S high authority will
not send our Manchester friends to sleep. It may
be true that their immediate business is to spin
and weave, not to grow cotton. They cannot, as
a body, become agriculturists in the tropics, and
no such Utopian absurdity is demanded of
them. The feeling, and the complaint widely
uttered is, however, that Manchester has not
done what might be expected of her. We looked
for energy and skill equal to almost any emergency,
we find her threatened with a famine of the staff of
life to her trade, and she succumbs. We must fold
our hands, she says, till the cotton comes again; how
we know not—but come it will, though vie do not
move hand or foot.

shrewd, long-headed Lancashire men of en edu-
cated class wanting employment altogether, Eng
OW, just while there must be hundreds of sharp,
land will believo that India might find them it, wit h
advantage to both countries. They already have
the main point in their educaiion, a thorough know-
ledge of the quality of the different kinds of cotton ;
such a ki/owlecige as would take an uninitiated
person a long time, indeed, to attain. Why can-
not firms organise a plan to send
an
umber of

these men as agents to India. They would only
need interpretei.s. A very little time would teach
them the mechanics of cotton cleaning, they could
go with prices in their hands to the natives, even
to the ryots themselves, which would almost
stagger the poor creatures, accustomed to sell
their crop at half, or a third of its worth,
to a usurer, who, besides charges them
fifty per cent. for the advance to grow it.
and it may be presumed that their presence with
the rupees in their hands, and a little advice as to
the kind of preparation of the wool required to
obtaiu them, would soon work a complete revolu-
tion in the quantity and quality of Indian cotton.
Could the Indian Government but devise a good
and easily worked contract law, to make advances
secure; and advances be then made by Manchester
monied men operating through bankers resident
in:lndia, at 124 per cent., the current interest there,
the ryot enfranchised from the usurer, and with
the certainty a huger of his cotton for double or
treble the price be has usually got for it would be
quite a new man.

Mr. COBDEN has had many lectures lately on med-
dling with things which he does not understand, but
he ought, we all suppose, to understand Manchester
business. We differ from him, therefore, with all
proper modesty, but we do certainly think that it
is the business of every man to attend to any thing
requisite to the prosecution of his business. A
soldier's business has been always understood to
be fighting, yet we find ancient and modern
generals agreeieg that attention to the commissariat
is one of the most important duties of a commander.
His men are good for nothing without food ; and as
cotton mills are equally worthless without their
food, it would seem that their commanders are
equally bound to attend to the cotton commissariat.

Perhaps the most interesting inauguration of a
Public Drinking Fountain that there has yet been
witnessed anywhere in all Loudon was the one
which took place on Saturday last on Islington
Green. It was in reality a twofold inauguration
—the inauguration of a Drinking Fountain and the
inauguration of a Statue. The Fountain, the gift
of many—among those donors being the New River
Company. The Statue, the gift of one—namely,
of Sir MORTON PETO, the Member of Parliament.
It represents this latter presentation to the locality,
the vera effigies in white Sicilian marble (8 feet 6
inches in height) of the revered and honoured hero of
that whole neighbourhood, the worthy old knight
Sir HUGH MIDDELTON. Besides the name of Si r
HUGH MIDDELTON inscribed upon the gray granite
pedestal from Devonshire, there are there legible
also the dates of his birth in 1555, and of his
death in 1631—at the ripe old age of seventy-
six, an age as ripe as his memory is still
green now after more than tcso centuries.
There has surely hardly ever been erected
before now any more suitable memorial of one
of the Great Worthies held deservedly in grate-
ful remembrance, than this Fountain and Statue to
the memory of the contriver of the New River supply
of water to the metropolis, good old Sir HUGH
MIDDELTON. A benefactor of the inhabitants of
Londott—just as SHAKSPERE was a Poet for the
people of England, of the British Empire, of both
hemispheres, wherever the English language is
understood—" not for an age, but for all time !"
Sir HUGH MIDDELTON'S beneficent project proving
in effect a priceless boon in its way not merely for
his ovs n contemporaries, but for all after generations.
Happily as our gifted Chancellor of the Exchequer
has often spoken before now upon the most di-
versified themes, and upo I the most various
occasions, the right honourable gentleman has
hardly ever addressed himself to a miscellaneous
audience more felicitously than he did on Saturday.
The subject seemed to be congenial to him, and he
himself in the best possible mood for its appropriate
treatment. Among the few genuine improvements
and decorations of the metropolis that we may re-
gard with unaffected satisfaction, it is a gratifica-
tion to know that we may now count this Drink-
ing Fountain on Islington-green, surmounted
(thanks to Sir MORTON PETO) with that happily
thought of white marble statue of Sir HUGH
MYDDELTON.

LATEST NEWS.

PARIS, JULY 28.

The Moniteur of this morning announces that the
Progres, of Lyons, has received a second v“ruing
for publishing in its number of Thursday last a
correspondence from Paris, reporting incidents as
having taken place in the discussions of the Council
of Ministers which were completely false.

TURIN, JULY 27 (Evening).

Yesterday, in the Chamber of Deputies, the dis-
cussion was continued on the question put by Signor
Petrucelli, relative to the foreign policy of the
Government.

Signor Mordini desired that Parliament should
resound with language of encouragement to the
Roman people to break their chains, although
respecting the French flag. Ile asked if the
House had ever thought what would be the atti-
tude of the Government in the case of an insurrec-
tion at Rome. Signor Mordini believed that the
Franco-Russian affiance would be dangerous to
Italian interests, and that the Anglo-French alli-
ance was necessary to ensure the peace of Europe.
He thought also that Italy should fortify herself and
place herself in a warlike condition.

Other speakers spoke against the foreign policy
of the Italian Government.

TURIN, JULY 27.

The Syndic of Marsala has published an account
of Garibaldi's visit to that city on the 19th inst.,
on which occasion Garibaldi made a speech against
the Emperor of the French exceeding in violence
all his previous speeches.

It is asserted that the Government has sent
orders by telegraph for the removal of the Syndic
from office.

The Prefect of Palermo has tendered his resigna-
tion, which has been accepted.
General Brignote is spoken of as his successor.

THE WEST INDIA AND PACIFIC MAILS.

SOUTHAMPTON, JULY 28.

The Royal Mail steamship Tasmanian arrival
here this morning with the above mails, 134
passengers, 1,494,233 in specie, and 1,200 packages
of cargo.

FRANCE.
BOURSE, July 25.—A further rise in Consols of
per cent. has imparted additional firmness to the
market, and the business done has been at an im-
provement on the closir.g rates of yesterday,
Threes, for the Account, after having been done at
68f. 60c., are now firm at 68f. 50c. Railway Shares
quiet, but firm. The market closed as follows :

.11 per Cent 5....... 97 35
Do end month....
3 per Cents
Do. end month.... 68 60
New 3 per Cents ..
Do, end month....
Credit NI obilier , 826 25
Do. end month.... 827 50
RAIL'

Bank Shares 31'0
Credit Fonder llBO
Piedinontes( Fives 71 50
Italian Loan 7l 30
Roman

Austrian
Spani,h Threes —
llome Debt .. 4B 25
rAYs.
Cash. Account.
Orleans
Northern
New ditto - • • • --
Lyons and Mediterranean 1088 75 .. 1087 50
Geneva
Southern BlO .. 810
Western
Eastern ...,
Sardinian 370 .. _
Austrian
Loirbard