The Sun.
London, England, 1853-07-18 00:00:00

TURKEY AND RUSSIA.

dispatch brings news from Con-
A telegraphic disp
stantinople down to the sth inst. At the depar-
ture of the steamer a certain uneasiness prevailed
at Constantinople ; it was feared that the Turks
and Greeks, excited by political circumstances,
would give way to excesses. Information had just
been received of the passage of the Pruth. Accord-
ing to the last accounts, the number of Russian
troops in Wallachia amounted to 50,000. The am-
bassadors of France and England had recommended
the Government of Greece to stop its maritime
armaments. The combined fleets were still in
Besika Bay.
A letter from Jassy of the 4th inst., says :
" General Dannenberg crossed the Pruth yesterday
morning with 10,000 infantry. The Russian
troops entered the city in the night in a heavy
rain, exhausted with fatigue and hunger. They
were hastily lodged, and without order, in private
houses ; the soldiers, impatient to seek repose, en-
tered the houses by force, installed themselves
therein, and imperiously demanded provisions. All
classes of the inhabitants are plunged in the most
profound consternation."
A private telegraphic dispatch from Dresden of
yesterday morning, says that the Dresden official
journal confirms the news that Russia had accepted
the offices of mediation of England and France.
A dispatch from Constantinople of the 9th says
that no ministerial crisis had been caused, as was
apprehended, by the passage of the Pruth. A ge-
neral conviction of a pacific solution prevailed.
Negotiations continued regarding the affairs of
Kossta, whose arrest at Smyrna had led to such un-
fortunate results.
It will take the Russian troops eight days to
cross the Pruth.
The majority of those troops are proceeding by
forced marches to the Danube.
At this date (the 4th) there are 30,000 Russians
actually in Moldavia.
The most important news at this moment from
Constantinople is the fact of a formidable conspiracy
having been detected against the life of the reign-
ing Sultan. On Friday night or Saturday morn-
ing, the 2d July, 15 imaums or softas (Mussulman
students) were seen passing through Galata in the
custody of numerous armed cavasses, with their
hands tied behind them. This un ecedented sight
gave rise to a mixed feeling of dreSd and curiosity,
since these white turbaned people are looked
up to by good Mussulmans with great awe and
respect, as the expounders of the sacred precepts
of the Koran. The cause of their arrest was a
conspiracy to depose the Sultan Abdul Medjid, in
favour, it is believed, of his brother, Abdul Aziz.
A few hours after their arrest they were all put to
death by the bowstring. It is said that there is a
strong determination among the Mussulman popu-
lation to throw out the present Ministry, and bring
in a decided war party. The greatest discontent
prevails amongst the Redif, or reserve corps, and
numerous instances of mutinous conduct have been
reported. These poor men complain that they have
been called from their fields during the harvest
time, and thereby subjected to severe losses ; they
remember with bitterness a similar call to arms
during the Hungarian refugee question, and they
declare they must not again be sent from their
homes on a bootless errand, but must fight or
return.

The expenses of the Ottoman Government at this
moment are calculated at 100,0001. per month over
and above their usual outlay. The warlike prepa-
rations are certainly conducted on a gigantic scale,
and with great spirit. A letter from Bucharest,
dated the 26th of June, says that in 15 days the
northern bank of the Danube will be lined with
280,000 Russian troops, and their posts are marked
off from Orsova to Suhn.a the three principal posts
being Kalafat, opposite Widdin, Gurgavo, opposite
Rustchnk, and Kalarash, opposite Silistria—the
three principal Turkish forts on the right bank of
the Danube being thus:observed. This position
would indicate an annexation rather than an occu-
pation, since it is not the centre, but the extremi-
ties, of the provinces that are occupied, and the
Danube thus made a frontier of.
The Count de Buol Schauenstein, Austrian
Minister for Foreign Affairs, addressed a circular,
dated 4th July, to the Austrian agents abroad, an-
nouncing to them that, from the commencement of
the conflict between Russia and Turkey, the Cabi-
net of Vienna had taken great pains, both with the
contending parties and with the other great Powers,
to effect an amicable solution of the question, and
thus to prevent complications which might endan-
ger the generl peace. " Whilst the Austrian
Cabinet," says the circular,—
"Held language to the Cabinet of St. Petersburg dic-
tated by the sincerest friendship, and tending to dissuade
it from the occupation of the Principalities, by showing
the numerous inconveniences which would result from
this measure, it advised the Divan not to consider it a
case of war in case it should be carried into execution
notwithstanding our efforts to prevent it. Inspired
with an equal desire to uphold the Ottoman Empire as
an element of the balance of power in Europe, and
to preserve inviolate the intimate alliance which unites
Austria to Russia, and which constitutes in our
eyes one of the firmest barriers against revolutionary
attacks, we have devoted all our care to prevent at,
complication
The
last
document sho u l should
general conflagration, reserving at the same time an
arise entire
contrary liberty ofto
ouraction,
in case
expectation.a
in the discussion which has reached
us is the reply of
Redschid Pasha, dated 16th June last, to the letter
which Count Nesselrode addressed to him on the 19th
May. The Porte by this reply, drawn up in suitable
language, declines the demands of Russia. According
to our latest news from St. Petershurgh, the letter of the
Ottoman Minister arrived there the 25th of last mouth,
hut we do not yet know how that document was re-
ceived. The Russian Envoy at the Imperial Court has,
however, communicated dispatches to us from his Cabi-
net of the 23d June, and which contain the most re-
assuring explanations as to the sense and meaning of
the guarantees which the Russian Government demands
of the Porte. Count Nesselrode states that Russia
demands nothing with regard to the Christian wor-
ship in the East but the strict maintenance of
the status quo based on custom and on treaties ; and
that, consequently, she demands nothing new—nothing
which implies an intention to interfere
.h internal
care to bring forward
affairs of Turkey. Wo have taken_
Paris
and assurances at Constantinople, aswell as in
and London, and to plead there the cause of moderation
forts are ' crowned
and conciliation. If, as we expect: our effo
if the two contending parties, as we shall
with success,
endeavour to accomplish, should come to an understand-
ing as to a middle term between the note upon which
Russia has hitherto continued to insist and that which
the Porto was ready to present, we shall he happy to
have contributed, for our part, to the pacific solution of
a difference from which the greatest danger to the peace
of Europe might ensue."
The Constantinople correspondent of the Augs-
burg Gazette, who is a remarkably circumspect
writer, says, " The manifesto of the Russian Go-
vernment has produced a tremendous effect here.
No cne now doubts that Russia has resolved to

carry out her plans, and that she will succeed in
doing so. If the other Powers had acted together,
as they ought to have done, they could have bid
Russia halt. They have let her have her own way,

and Europe will feel the consequences." People
here file as convinced of the truth of this as the
Constantinople politician. Military men aro of
opinion that Omer Pasha will strongly fortify
the line of the Danube. The staff of Gene-
ral Dannenberg in Jassy consists of twelve gene-
rals and twentfourinferiorofficei s. Among the first
troops that entered Moldavia were the 16th Chas-
seurs and a Garde Sapper battalion which had on
their flags the inscription :—" Given as a mark of
distinction for services rendered in 1828 at the
siege and taking of Varna and Anapa." The oc-
cupation of the two Principalities will be corn-
pleted on the'2Bth. In the Cronstadt Zeitung we
read the following singular passage—" Some Rus-
sian regiment will pass the precincts (weichbild) of
the Cronstadt frontiers." It must be supposed
from this that the Russians have been permitted. to
pass through Transylvania, as there are no roads
on the adjacent Wailachian frontier.
The Oest. Correspondenz contradicts the report
of Baron Bruck's having demanded 5,000,000
piastres, and the surrender of Klock and the Suto-
, ring as indemnification from Turkey.

AUSTRIA.
A private letter from Vienna, of the 13th Lust.,
gives some particulars relative to the removal of
the Hungarian refugee, Kossta, from the Austrian
corvette Hussar at Smyrna. _ _

It appears that the Captain of the United States
corvette, in the bay of Smyrna, either acting on
his own judgment, or by orders from a superior
authority, addressed a peremptory note to the,
Captain of the Hussar, informing him that if he didi
not immediately surrender his prisoner he would.
take him by force. The Austrian replied that ha
could not give up the Hungarian, except upon an
order from the Austrian Consul-General. The
American gave him eight hours further to reflect;
and, as the answer of the Consul was in tha
negative, the American laid his vessel along-
side the Hussar and cleared for action. The
Austrian Captain made known to the American
that he was aware of his inferiority, but that his
honour commanded him to defend himself until he
should be blown into the air. Fortunately the
French and English Consuls interfered, and, as
the two champions were determined to fight, it was
arranged that Kossta should be delivered up to the
French Consul until M. de la Cour and the Baron
de Bruck arranged the question at Constantinople.
Kossta was landed in chains, and, escorted by Aus-
trian marines and seamen, was delivered over to
M. Vichon, the. French Consul, who sent him to
the Marine Hospital, where he will remain until
orders are received from Constantinople. The in-
habitants of Smyrna consider that they have had a
fortunate escape, for if an action had taken place
between the American and Austrian corvettes the
houses must have suffered severely, as well as thee
shipping in the harbour.
There is reason to believe that the Emperor is
about to revive the privilege of nominating
" Crown Cardinals," which has long been dormant.
This right, which is based on a Convention made
with the Papal Chair during the last century, "is
of high political importance, as it gives the Aus-
trian Government great influence at the election of
a Pope." Of 36 persons who were sentenced on
the 2d, by the Permanent Court-martial sitting at
Este, to be hanged, 19 were shot, and the punish-
ment of the others commuted into imprisonment
for terms varying between 6 and 20 years. It is
supposed that more than half as many persons have
been tried for their lives in the little town of Este,
within the last three years, as the Russians lost by
the sword during the Hungarian campaign. The
fine warm weather which we have had during the
last fortnight has almost dissipated the apprehen-
sions which were felt about the crops. The Logo-
thete Aristarchi is a daily visitor at the Russian
Embassy. The Emperor is not expected back from
Olmutz before Saturday.
Lord Westmoreiand and Baron Bourquency have
had frequent conferences lately with the Turkish
Ambassador and M. do Meyendorff.
The Austrian Corps of Observation in Slavonia
will be formed partly by the troops in the vicinity
and partly by forces from Vienna.