The Sun.
London, England, 1865-09-29 00:00:00

THE JOCKEY CLUB.

A general meeting of the Jockey Club was held at New-
market, on Wednesday, Sept. 27 : present—Mr. Alexander,
Mr. W. G. Craven, Hon. Admiral Rous, stewards ; Mr.
Barne, Col. Bailie, Mr. Batson, Duke of Beaufort, Marquis
of Hastings, and Sir F. Johnstone. A ballot took place,
and H. Chaplin, Esq., was elected a member of the club.
A general meeting of the Jockey Club will be held at
Newmarket after the races on Wednesday in the Second
October Meeting, and the following notices of motion have
been given : —lt will be proposed by the stewards to alter
Rule 24 (Rules of Racing) as under: after the words "never
won," to add "a registered prize in any country." Also to
add the following to Rule 17 :—" When a horse has been
struck out of an engagement by the person legally entitled
to do so, if the horse shall be permitted to start by mistake
for the said engagement, he shall not be entitled to receive
the prize though he comes in first, and if he has been
allowed to start in consequence of fraud or misrepresenta-
tion on the part of the owner or other person having charge
of the horse, that person shall be warned off Newmarket
Heath, and the horse shall be disqualified from running for
any public race thereafter."—Racing Calendar.

Sir F. Kelly, M.P., and Working Men's
Colleges.

-- -

The fourth annual meeting of the Ipswich Work-
ing Men's College was held in the Town Hall, on
Wednesday evening, Sir F. Kelly, M.P., the presi-
dent of the institution, in the chair.

The Principal of the college, Dr. Christian, read
the report, which was very satisfactory, as it showed
a considerable increase both in the number of mem-
bers of the college and of students, there being now
653 members, and in two of the terms of the past
year the students numbered 149, nearly all attend-
ing two classes. In May an examination under the
auspices of the Society of Arts was held, and 21
certificates were awarded, four for excellence and
nine for proficiency in book keeping, one for excel-
lence and one for competency in English history,
two for competency in French, three for competency'
in arithmetic, and one for competency in geography.
The report was adopted, on the motion of the
Mayor (Mr. S. H. Cowell), and seconded by Mr.
R. C. "toilsome; and Sir F. Kelly then proceeded to
distribute the certificates to the successful students.

The PRESIDENT said it was now his duty to ad-
dress a few words to them upon the general subject
of the report. He need not say it had given him
the highest gratification, seeing that this was only
the fourth year of the institution, that they had
made their way under many difficulties and dis-
. couragements, and advanced to the position de-
scribed in the report. He must say a word or two
upon the report, and first, he must say something
upon the circumstance that it contained no mention
of the name of Dr. Christian. The reason for this
probably was that Dr. Christian had some hand in
drawing up the report, and he was the last man to
speak of himself in the terms he so well deserved.
But for Dr. Christian this institution never would
have existed, and without him, he would not say
it could not continue to exist, and even to pros-
per; but if it was to attain a high position among
similar institutious it must be owing to Dr.
Christian more than to any other individual.
(Cheers.) He could not proceed to the business of
the evening without alluding—and he did so with a
melancholy feeling, but, nevertheless, almost of
satisfaction—to the sad mention which the council
had been able to make of the name of the late Mr.
Robert Ransome. He (Sir F. Kelly) ought not to
say more than that, as Mr. Ransome had been taken
from among them. It was some consolation to know
that he must have felt in his last moments the gra-
tification of the internal conviction that he had spent
his lifetime—alas, too short a lifetime—in doing
good to his fellow-creatures. In reference to the
position of the institution he would not go into '
details, but let him just say that this was one of the
many societies—he was glad to add amongst the
most successful of them—which had grown up partly
from the suggestions and encouragement of the
worthy man (the Rev. F. D. Maurice) who esta-
blished the London Society, and of the secretary of
the society, the Rev. me Solly. The London Work-
ing Men's College had contemplated establishing a
circulating library, to the benefits of which local
institutions might be admitted by a subscription of
£2 a year. If this was established he hoped this
institution would subscribe to it till they had a
library of their own. From the mind he would
turn to the body, and he hoped that a cricket
club would be established and a suitable ground
found. As to the pecuniary part of the business it
was a very important matter, and he was rejoiced to
find they had a balance in hand, and he was glad to
find it was a small one, because, as he knew, that
every shilling that was expended was well spent,
it appeared that all that had been contributed to
the funds of the college had • been applied to the
objects for which it was intended. He rejoiced
to see that their • numbers had increased and
multiplied, so that really though he and the
members of the higher classes of society had
done what they could to help them in the for-
mation of the society, they had done very little
compared to what the members had done for them-
selves, and that was the very essence of institutions
like this ; it was one of the fundamental principles
of such institutions that the honorary subscribers
should only seek to help the working men so far as
to enable them to help themselves, and though he
trusted the honorary members would, go on to the
end doing what lay in their power to assist them, he
also trusted that they would increase in numbers,
and redouble their efforts to further their own cause
and to do that for themselves which he desired
to see them do, and in which he desired to help
them, but which after all, to be well done, must be
done by themselves. (Applause.) He hoped that
that those who had belonged to this institution for
a year or two had felt that the expectations they
ventured to hold out at its establishment had been
to some extent realised. The working men, and,
perhaps the humbler portion of the middle class,
must, in order to pass their long winter evenings,
resort to some place of amusement, and there wits
no such place in this town except thq public;house ; '
those who would not frequent the publie-house• had.
to remain at home confined in a little room; perhaps
12 or. 14 feet square, possibly with a bed in it, with

no supply of books, no music—nothing to interest
their minds ; what were they to do ? In summer
they could spend their evenings abroad, but in the
winter months what could they do ? Some of the
leading inhabitants of the town had, with the help
of those for whose benefit it was intended, enabled
those who chose to become members of this society
to go, at a nominal expense, every evening in the
week, except Sundays, to a place in which they might
employ themselves pleasantly and profitably. To say
nothing of the enjoyment of a game of draughts or
chess, they could take down from the shelves, plea-
sant, and useful, and instructive books to read, and
besides this, they were away from every temptation
and incentive to do evil. To come to the question of
the knowledge itself, which was acquired from the
books, few as they were at present, he looked at the
students who had that day received certificates from
the Society of Arts ; those certificates had been
obtained through the instructions received in class,
but those instructions would not have enabled
them to obtain those certificates had they not had
access at other times to books with which they might
improve themselves in the respective pursuits or
studies in which they were engaged. This, there-
fore, was an institution to enable them to seek good
and to avoid evil, and above all to busy themselves
during almost every evening of their lives in the
attainment of human knowledge ; and what was
knowledge? He need not quote the oft-repeated
-axionv-of-tho-Rittetrious-Lord--Bacon, that 1.4--Knalv—
ledge is power," but he would go further and say
knowledge is, if not wealth, at least competence ;
and what was competence? It meant independence,
and independence-meant peace of mind and all the
happiness we were entitled to expect. Why were
crimes committed ? A great manysaid, with much
truth, that drunkenness was the parent of crime ;
but what other causes of crime were there ? The
two great causes were ignorance and poverty. Well,
knowledge was wealth, competence, independence,
ease of circumstances, and brought with it ease of
mind and contentment, and knoWledge was placed
within the reach of all who would belong to this in-
stitution. From the long experience which he had,
and from the habits of intercourse with all classes of
his fellow creatures to which his profession and pur-
suits in life had led him, he could say-that if a man,
having a moderate degree of health, possessed a
competence sufficient to enable him to feel at the
end of the day that he had earned enough for his
own support and that of his family, and that he did
not owe a debt in the world, and with that degree of
knowledge 'which any many . might acquire who
chose to become a member of this society, that man
had the means of happiness within his reach to as
full an extent as any in this world was entitled to
expect. (Cheers.) This arose from knowledge—
these were among the advantages which knowledge
conferred on every individual who acquired it, and
then when the time came, as it must come to all, of
retiring from active life, the advantages of knowledge
were again felt. Knowledge was like money, it was
reproductive. As when they saved a small sum of
money they invested it in the savings bank, and it
produced interest ; then they invested that inte-
rest, and thus obtained compound interest, and it
thus went on increasing and multiplying : so
it was with knowledge. He would take a com-
mon case—a man took up a newspaper and
saw a paragraph about something which had
occurred in the United States ; that led him to go to
the rooms of the Working Men's College and take
down a book referring to America ; the late unfor-
tunate struggle there reminded him of the war of
independence with this country, and to that he would
refer. This would lead him to think how America
was first colonised, and he would find it was in the
16th and 17th centuries. He would naturally refer
to the History of 'England- of 'that period, and he
would very probably find among the early emigrants
to America was a ship load of some distinction, and
that Oliver Cromwell was about to sail with that
ship, but was prevented, and then would come spe-
culations whether if Cromwell had sailed Charles I.
would have lost his head, and whether the Stuarts
would not at this time have been reigning in the
place of the House of Brunswick. Thus men were
led from point to point in the pursuit of one branch
of knowledge, and from the history of one country
they would be led to another, from one branch of
knowledge to another, and so the inquiring mind
pursued its course till at last they found a human
being transformed from one of the working men of
Ipswich into, perhaps, a great statesman, or an ora-
tor taking a part in the councils of the nation.
(Cheers.) Returning to the case he had used as an
illustration, of course, a man could not proceed far
in the study of history without requiring a know-
ledge of geography. They thus saw how one science
led to another, and he entreated them to employ
their leisure time in gaining knowledge, and re-
minded them that if they did so, and would but pur-
sue a course of fair dealing and justice between man
and man, of integrity, openness, and temperance,
there was no one of them, even in the humblest paths
of life, but could hope to attain some of the great
prizes of life. One of their members had, during
the past year, succeeded in the civil service exami-
nation, by taking the course which many of them
had begun, and which they all, he trusted, would fol-
low, and then he was sure whether they met seldom
or often he would have to congratulate them upon
having become members of that institution.
(Cheers.) He had only to assure them of the high
gratification he felt at finding how the college had
gone on and prospered, and to repeat that under all
circumstances and at all times, thought they might
have many more effective supporters they would
have no more sincere well-wisher than he was,
(Cheers.)

Votes of thanks were passed to the council of the
college and the chairman.

Interesting Musical Copyrights.

Messrs Addison and Lucas, the well-known music pub-
lishers, having dissolved partnership, have just sold their
copyrights at the rooms of Messrs Puttick and Simpson, of
Leicester-square. The sale seems to have been attended
with extraordinary success, as the following quotations
will show—some of them suggesting curious comparisons :
—Amongst the 'pianoforte works were many pieces of Dr.
W. S. Bennett, which ranged between £lO and £5O (Cock).
Callcott's Pianoforte Half Hours made prices from £lO to
£lO5, the latter being the sum obtained for the " Mendels-
Bohn" Half Hours (Hutchings). Benedict's edition of
Beethoven, £69 (Cock). Amongst the songs were Barker?,
"Dublin Bay," £57 (Blockley) ; Barnett's "Little Fay,"
£49 10s. (J. Williams); Dr. W. S. Bennett's six songs.
£324 (Cock) ; Berger's "Broken Vows," £2l (Lucas);
Callcott's "Last Man," £B9 (Cock) ; Glover's "Bashful
Man," £lO4 (Brewer); Hatton's " Kit the Cobbler," £39
(B. ; Hatton's " Tom
.the Tinker," £36
(B. Williams); Hobbs's " Philhs," £B9 (Cock) ;
Land's " When Sorrow Sleepeth," £152 (ditto) ;
Linley's " I cannot mind my wheel," £221 (J.
Williams) ; Linley's " Thou art gone from my gaze," £94
(Campbell); Loder's "Path by the river," £57 (Cock);
Nelson's " Madonna £llB (do.); H. Smart's "Singing
through the rain," £ll3 (J. Williams); Sporle's "Wishing
gate," £56 (do.) ; Wrightson's " Sing me an English song,"
£B2 (Cock); F. Abt's ton duets, £llO (Oliphant); the
concerted vocal music comprised in Callcott's glees, £25
(Cock) ; Hatton's four-part songs, £446 (do.); Reay's four-
part songs, £149 (do.) ; H. Smart's four-part songs, £9l
(do.) ; Thomas' Welsh Melodies, £273 (do.) ; Pratt's An-
thems, £BB (Novello). Amongst the operas were Balfe's
"Blanche do Nevers," £65 ; Puritan's Daughter," £159 ;
"Armourer of Nantes," £124; "Lefty," £39 —all purchased
by Messrs. Cock and Co. ; Donizetti's "Lucia di Lammer-
moor," £157 (Cock) ; Meyerbeer's "Huguenot," words, of
course, only copyright, £lO4 17s. (do.); Wallace's "Love's
Triumph," £230 (do.). Mr. Costa's oratorios, "'Eli," pro-
duced £412, and " Naaman," £567, both purchased by
Messrs. Cock. Total, £13,389.

FOREIGN CATTLE.—yesterday an official docu-
ment was issued showing the great increase in the
importation of cattle, arising no. doubt fi:om the prevailing
diseagb. *ln'the month of August last there were 27,207
oxen, bulls, and cows, against 15,261 in the smile month of
the preceding year; whilst of sheep and laabs there were
105;365, against 67,360. the first eight months of this
year the importation of live animals was greatly wa the
increase compared with the preceding year.

Train the ?lines of India, August 19)
It appears that not only will the acclimatised
American plant thrive in many districts of the Pun-
jab and North-west Provinces, but there is good
ground to expect "that the home markets will
be extensively supplied" from those parts. New
Orleans cotton thrives in the Dhera Doon, and Dr.
Forbes has "no doubt" that many valleys on the
southern slopes of the Himalayas afford the requi-
site conditions of soil and climate for the exotic
plant. Amidst the temperate seasons on the plateau
of Mysore we might well expect that this luxuriant,
Ibut tender, gossypia would find a permanent home ;
and such is the case. In many districts of that pro-
vince the ryots have spontaneously taken up the
cultivation of the acclimatised seed, and it seems
D r. supplyingDharwar, Forbes
that a steady supply of fine cotton might be ex-
pected if facilities for repairing the requisite machi-
nery were available. Seeing that a central factory
for the manufacture of cotton cleaning and pressing
machines is in full order at Dharwar there need be
nowith
ei
he
rdifficultyisbeiendgfhroo
from
n
Several paragraphs of this report are occupied in
\si
us aboutrhe
this
from
stmh e thence.point reform
is
of cotton cultivation in Berar, we presume
not specified in his text. He found Captain
Stubbs, the then Conunissioner of West
Berar, ready to carry the experiment through
zealously. It was not done in a " flower-pot" style
of culture. Twenty acres of land were selected in
Mulkapore and Akote, and each lot was divided in
order that two periods of sowing might be tried—
the 13th and close of July. The earlier sown por-
tion succeeded the best, and was quite equal to the
Dharwar in yield—so much as eight pounds of (seed)
cotton being gathered from several single plants.
The latter sown had suffered from drought when
young, and the weeding of it had been neglected ;
but, uridea. every disadvhirtage, the aggregatv.: ra
stilt must be regarded as affording conclusive proof
of the practicability of profitable exotic cotton cul-
tivation in Berar. Dr. Forbes returned to Decem-
ber, and found the second picking had never been
gathered, the plants being laden with heavy bolls,
and the ground strewed with the wasted produce.
As it was, the ryots who gathered round admitted
that the Sahib's plants had produced twice as much
cotton as their own. But, like shrewd fellows as they
are, they were not content with that ; they wanted
to know how such long fibre was to be cleaned,
and what could be got for it. These questions,
which have a very important bearing upon the
value of the Berar experiment, are duly an-
swered in the report. As usual, like good men
in adversity, Dr. Forbes's cherished exotic was
beset with extortioners. The holders of the
land charged the monstrous rent of eleven rupees
per acre ; and even these honourable men the
Mamlutdars, who had to present a little bill for the
labour charges, demanded sums which, the doctor
says, were " extravagant in the 'extreme," and then
the cotton had to be sent on into Kandeish before it
could be ginned. The total expenditure on the lot,
which produced 1,600 pounds of clean cotton was
713 rs. and as Dr. Forbes 'thinks it will fetch the
highest price of any Indian cottoh he values at 12d.
at home—a price which will probably suffice to clear
nearly all freight and shipping charges. The seed
was worth 120 rs. more, but that was distributed to
the ryots of the adjoining district of Yamul in Kan-
deish. Considering that the expense of this special
cultivation was at least twice what such an opera-
tion would have need to have been, if conducted by
private effort, it may held to to have been demon-
strated in this Berar experiment, that cotton of
staple and colour, which will always hold its place
in the British market,may be grown to a good pro-
fit by Indian ryots in Central India.

In reference to this 1,600 pounds of Berar cotton,
now in Bombay, the Government endorses the sug-
gestion of Dr. Forbes that it shall be sent direct to
the manufacture at home, to be worked up in close
comparison with the Dharwar and other long-stapled
cotton. There is a promise for the future in notic-
ing that Capt. Stubbs, who assisted in the Berar ex-
periment, is now at a pbliticalpost at Hyderabad, ancl
promises to use every,exertion to promote the use of
the acclimatised seed. throughout the territories of
the Nizam. It is also 'interesting to us in Bombay
to find that there is a fair prospect of the American
plant being acclimatised in Kandeish. When Dr.
Forbes visited Dhurrumgaum, last December, he
saw there a crop of cotton plants then, " luxuriant
and strong," which had been raised from Dharwar
seed. It would be serviceable to know from Mr.
Mackenzie, under whose direction the crop was
sown, what were the results from its out-turn, see-
ing that the produce will probably have long since
been shipped from Bombay. It was not to be ex-
pected that Mr. Temple—who leaves no stone un-
turned or man untried who seems likely to serve his
useful purpose—should let Dr. Forbes escape him.
The results of the doctor's suggestions relative to
cotton cultivation in Nagpore and the central pro-,
vinces, and Mr. Temple's orders thereon, we may
take a future opportunity of estimating. It is• not
needful here to express any opinion on the rela-
tive importance of exotic and indigenous cotton cul-
ture ; more especially so as the chief practical pur-
pose of Dr. Forbes's report is to show the value of
his new lever press, which will tend most effectually
to facilitate the cultivation of every kind of export-
able cotton in the remote and roadless districts of
the Mofussil. These presses, large enough for bales
of 1801 b., can be worked by four men ; and with a
double set " taking the average extent to which
coolies exert themselves in this part of the country"
from 80 to 100 of these bales may be pressed in a
day. We say pressed, but the amount of compres-
sion attained is only half way between the loose
dokra and the Bombay bale, as when finally ready
for exportation. This, however, is effectual for the
ends desired. The bulk is so much reduced that one
third of the cart hire is saved, and from 20 to 30
Miles transit a day, over rough country, can be ac-
complished; but far more important still, the cotton,
once passed through Dr. Forbes's lever press, is then
safe from dust, dirt, adulteration, and to a great ex-
tent also from damage by moisture. The machine is
not expensive, costing at Dharwar 365r5., and we
are much mistaken if its general introduction does
not prove one of the most important steps ever taken
towards placinglndian cotton cultivation on a secure
basis. For the prevention of cotton frauds it will be
worth more than any cleverly drawn legislative act
that could be devised. The invention itself, in its
adaptation to the circumstances of this neglected
country, illustrates that invaluable talent of " mak_
ing the best of things" which is so noticeable in Dr.
Forbes. And notwithstanding
place to the credit of
grantedth e judicioustheitheir
official
in'i'm ..
the resolution,
i we
the words The
ptthhrimee Governmentcatourto sheuncilthaty have
invention,
in-
troduction of the machine will exercise a most bene-
ficial effect on the cotton trade of the country."
Two different but kindred questions suggested by
Dr. Forbes's report are—Which is the more profit-
able in value to the Indian cultivator, indigenous or
exotic cotton? and what inducement is there at the
present time to extend the cultivation of either, in.
preference to cereals or seeds ? The former of these
subjects we hope to refer to shortly ; but we deem
it a great mistake in India—amidst such an extraor-
dinary variety of conditions as its surface presents—
to set one system of cultivation or one class of
Productions against another. There is abundant
room for all ; hill and plain, ghaut and doab, each
offer their special characteristics for productive en-
terprises. It is waste of good strength and time for
" developers" to criticise each other's efforts ; what

is wanted is accurate distinct information, so that
each may be enabled to recognise his appropriate
field of action, with as little loss of time as may be.
With regard to the future prospects of Indian cot-

ton cultivation, all that we need say here is that

there is every needful probability that the next crop
will be a safe one for the grower.

MORISON'S PILLS OF THE BRITISII COLLEGE OF
REALTY', EUSTON-ROAD, LONDON.—AII persons should
know that the above medicine can be sent by post on receipt
of 30 postage stamps for two boxes, Nos. 1 aud.2, 131 d size.
—Utdirertisemcnt.]

•• • INCREASED' CONSUMPTION OF EGGS.---The high
p'r'ice of meat has caused an increased consumption of eggs,
as appears from an official paper yesterday published. In
the eight months ended August the number imported was
267,984,840, against 242,339,280 in the preceding year.