The Sun.
London, England, 1865-07-25 00:00:00

Liberal Gains.

••• I. I. 1

I Portarlington
Sligo
Total 5

COUNTIES.
Conservative Gain.
King's County.

••• ~• 1

Conservative Losses.
I Monaghan
Total 3

Cavan
Limerick
Not Conservative Loss
Total Conservative Losses in England, Wales,
Scotland, and Ireland 21
The total number of Conservative members returned is
290, against 369 Liberal; including the double return for
Dumbartonshire. It is obvious, however, that these num-
bers are not to be strictly relied upon as representing the
real strength of either the Government or the Opposition.
In the last Parliament several Irish members, professedly
Liberal; invariably voted with the Opposition, and there
is every reason to believe that a still larger number of
Irish Liberals will be found opposed to the Government in
the divisions of next session. Considerable deductions
also must be made from the ranks of the Ministerialists, on
the ground of petitions, &c. After the election of 1859 the
Conservatives gained ton seats on petition. On the present
occasion the petitions against Ministerialists will be more
numerous, and the acts of bribery and intimidation were
far more openly committed. We refrain, for obvious rea-
sons, from publishing for the present the names of the
boroughs whose votes will be subjected to parliamentary
inquiry.

On the whole, the Conservatives have no right to be
dissatisfied with the result. The Opposition members con-
stitute a compact body of 290. They have got rid, in the
election just terminated, of all the waverers and pseudo-
Conservatives who, for the last six years, have sat on Mr.
Disraeli's side and voted with Lord Palmerston. They re-
present a compact strength against which the present
Government must be powerless for evil. They ensure the
country against any successful attempt against the consti-
tution in Church and State, either on the part of the
Government or of its democratic supporters.
It is worthy of notice that in 1859 Lord Derby on the
dissolution gained an accession of 23 seats, whilst the pre-
sent Government, with all its lavish outlay and long re-
tention of office, has only recovered 21.

THE UNITED STATES.

(From the Times Correspondent.)
NEW YORK, JULY 12.

Any one who attached weight to the statements
and discussions of conflicting political parties here
would be led to the conclusion that the country is

in a state of hopeless anarchy and confusion. The
great problem of the day—what shall be done with
the South now that it is conquered?—not only
baffles the " politicians," but throws them into vio-
lent collision with each other. There is nothing to
be heard among Radicals, Republicans, or Democrats,
but mutual recriminations and expressions of dis-
trust and suspicion. Nevertheless, there is one
fact which they all are obliged to recognise in com-
mon, and which considerably detracts from the im-
portance of their deliberations, and that fact is that
the people are as firmly united as ever in the broad
purpose to support the Government in any measures
which it may deem necessary to insure thepacification
of the country. The President pursues his policy with-
out the least reference to the opinion of any political
section. From time to time, in speeches or in letters,
he has indicated that policy so plainly that no one
can have any misapprehension concerning it. He
told the South Carolinians that his object was to
" get back the States to the point at which they
formerly moved in perfect harmony." He will not
admit that any State has ever yet been out of the
Union, and therefore it is not " reconstruction" he
has to consider, but " restoration." So, too, he said
to General Logan the other day, " I do not mean to
treat them as inchoate States, but merely as existing

under a temporary suspension of their Government,
provided always they elect loyal men. The doctrine
of coercion to preserve a State in the Union has been
vindicated by the people." With regard to slavery,
he desires that each State shall call a convention and
abolish it formally. On the question of negro suf-
frage ho has been less explicit, expressing merely a
wish,to "approach it gradually ;" but he has spoken
plainly enough to show that he desires each State to
deal with this subject also for itself.
These pints mark out the course which the Presi-
dent is resolved to pursue ; and by this time most
people have found out that Mr. Johnson is a man
not easily turned aside from his purpose, and not to
be moved by threats of opposition. His main prin-
ciple clearly is to effect the reorganisation of the
South just as its armies were conquered, " by little
and little." Some think that he is advancing too
rapidly ; others, that he is altogether too slow. The
difficulties in the way of complete restoration in the
South are obviously of the gravest kind. The Southern
leaders are apparently cheerfully submissive, andsay
that if Mr. Johnson would but retract his $20,000
exception clause, and make the amnesty general, there
would be no men in the Union more loyal than they.
Yet it may be doubted whether they really look upon
their cause as so irretrievably lost as they profess.
The probability rather is that they are preparing to
hamper legislation as much as they can, more particu-
larly with reference to such subjects as the payment
of the national debt. Beaten in the field, they hope
to renew the fight in the Council Chamber. In order
to succeed in this, their organs in this city and else-
where advise them to concede everything—above all,
not to oppose the admittance of negroes to the suf-
frage. Numerically the Southern party would still
be the weaker of the two, as the Union party would
consist of 148 members and the Southern of 120.
Supposing, however, that the representatives of the
South were persistent in offering obstructions to the
Administration, they have power enough to do con-
siderable mischief. This is the evil which men like
Mr. Wendell Phillips fear. In a recent speech Mr.
Phillips attacked the President in no measured terms
for organising the States—that is, giving them go-
vernors and allowing them to resume their former
status—before the interests of the negro have been
sufficiently guarded. He affirms that slavery is as
much a system now as it ever was. Southern mas-
ters have still the power to beat their slaves if they
will not work, and to " lend" them to each other.
Mr. Phillips so exactly expresses the views of what
is called the ultra-Radical party, composed of men
like Mr. Sumner, that a short extract from his speech
will be useful:—
"I don't count the President on our side. Ho is not to
be counted as a force on our side. At present ho is a force
on the other side. Ho is to bo flanked or subdued ; to be
converted. His attitude is to be changed ; if not, the Re-
public is gone. Mr. Johnson, you are wrong ; your plan
is wrong ; it bears within it the seeds of death to the Re-
public ; we move instantly upon your works. We sum-
mon the public and expose your plan, show that your
attitude is fatal, hope that you will change it, beg you
to change it, exhort you to change it, and if you won't
change it, then roll the wheels of the Republic, and crush
it and you. Our hope is in diverting the purpose of
Andrew Johnson, to make him shut the door of the House
of Representatives upon the 4th day of December, until we
can rally the North. When Grant stood before Yioksburg