The Sun.
London, England, 1862-09-09 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESD EVENENI, SEPTEMBER 9, 1862.

—after all they have done, Mr. LINCOLN sums up
by asking them to quit the country, and assuring
us all that slavery or no slavery is not the question
with him—that the " Union" is with him every-
thing ; even if like the South it must be built on
slavery ! The Paisley Reform Association might
urge their demands for ever, if there were no better
exemplifications of their working than are to be
found in the misnamed Free States of America.

Mr. SEWARD'S letter itself is a curiosity in its
way. It would not be easy to condense a greater
number of coolly impudent misrepresentations into
so short a space. Secession is a " causeless sedi-
tion"—a sedition of half a nation—a causeless one
when all the South was taxed for New England
and Pennsylvanian manufacturers—though we
fully grant that no sufficient cause had been given
by the North. " The political equality of the mem-
bers of the State" has some curious exemplifications
just now, not only at Forts Lafayette and Henry,
but in the treatment of the coloured people. The
" peace and good will towards all States and all
men" reminds one of Texas, Mexico, Cuba, and we
may add England. And the pretence of European
Governments wishing American ruin is not only
absurd in itself, but still more so from a Govern-
ment which is doing its best to ruin their own
country. Not content w ith other absurdities, Mr.
SEWARD, actually anticipating the "manifest des-
tiny" of the States, thanks the Paisley people in
the name of the whole " American continent." We
need quote no more.

The Hon. C. LENNOX would urge on the House
of Commons the necessity of " a death-bed repent-
ance." The present session, he tells us, may" almost
be regarded as the expiring one of the House of
Commons," and in the present case there was a
sort of repentance which might not be inapplicably
termed a death-bed repentance." Mr. LENNOX
was at least confident that "some kind of repent-
ance was necessary vs hen they were spending
seventy millions a year in time of peace." He
insisted on the question whence any further supplies
should come from if they found themselves at actual
war, and told the Herefordshire farmers what we
may be sure they readily believed, that " seventy
millions a year in time of peace was sufficient to
make the hair of the most reckless in war expen-
diture stand on end. Even our not very timid
Chancellor of the Exchequer was frightened; yet
he did not blame the Government for this, but the
House of Commons, of which he is a member.
"During the past few years the House had ben
lavish of supplies." Of course, like all other per-
sons, he did not wish to leave the country unde-
fended; but " the year's expenditure had been enor-
mous, in the army, navy, experiments with ARM-
STRONG guns, and coast fortifications." And though
he was for keeping the army and navy in a,

state of efficiency, "that was a different thing from
the expensive rivalry and ruinous experiments in
ships and gun building." His Tory colleague, Mr.
HARDY, seemed to be of the same opinion, for while
he believed that no one grudged what was neces-
sary for defence, he thought all were anxious, as
much as possible, to reduce taxation.

Such were the financial views expressed, amidst
hearty approbation, at the annual meeting of
the Leominster Agricultural Association. We
believe they would be approved anywhere. The
word " lavish," as applied to the House of Com-
mons, is instinctively felt to be the right one. The
country has been tolerably prosperous of late years.
Thanks to the GLADSTONE and COBDEN policy, co-
operating with the speculative energy of our manu-
facturers, trade has made wonderful leaps forward,
and our exports and imports have reached almost
fabulous amounts. Agriculture, with good average
harvests, has enjoyed the full prices which, in the
time of the corn-law agitation, were all that land-
ords asked the corn laws to give them. Schedule
co

grumble, and the happy un-scheduled many earned
good wages, and consumed abundance of the articles
which contribute to Mr. GLADSTONE'S balances.
What between the Defence Panics created by go-
vernments and ex-governments, and the easier
condition of the pockets of the community, the
country, though it saw its House of Commons

" lavish," put up with it good-naturedly. Such
was its way. It never could be as prudent as indi-
viduals. The income tax was indeed an ugly, an
unjust, an immoral impost, but those of us who can
must indemnify ourselves by making ample allow-
ances for contingencies, and those who cannot—
well, unlucky fellows, they must endure the thumb-
screw.

But now both the country sustains a check and
at the same time Parliament begins to feel that it
has passed its climacteric. It begins to sight dis-
solution. Its members call to mind their financial
sins. They begin to ask how it will fare with them
in their 'mpending disembodied condition. What
will constituents say to them when they are flitting
about amongst them, seeking restoration to their
former state of being. The supposition evidently is
that Reduction of Taxation will be a popular cry.
The cotton calamity will be felt indirectly by vast
numbers besides the actual sufferers. All will see
and sympathise with it. And the boundless waste
on fortifications, the navy, and artillery experi-
ments appear as incongruous as mirth and jollity in
a house whose windows present the visible indica-
tions of an unburied member of the family within.
We only hope the demand will be universal that
1862-3 shall witness a very different scale of ex-
penditure from that inaugurated by the To ries at
their last one or two innings, and gladly taken up
by our politically crotchet-loving Premier.
Unhappily the battle of Finance is fought only
at long balls. " The dignity and safety of the
country" are thundered forth by the political ar-
tillery of the one side, and the economists quail.
" Our enormous expenditure and bloated armaments
are thundered forth in reply, and the Departments
seek for apologies and excuses. Yet the country
is certain of one thing, that it has had its defence
conducted at half the cost, and been quite as safe
all the while, that it has an army of 150,000 Volun-
teers, such as it never had before, and ought to be
safer than formerly—and without going into details
it can be quite sure that for mere security it does
not need to exhaust its resources at the rate of
£70,000,000 per annum. It knows that it cannot
afford this and hae
hand it might have syheotuld
Etv re r e tahl cbomalae.nce in
We suspect the truth of the whole case
to be this. The nation desires safety, and
sulictene defences. Our Rulers desire two
things
additional, of both of which they desire to say :19
little as possible. They like an expenditure which
finds ample employment for the younger SOIIB of
their class, and still more does Lord PALMERSTON
relish our being the strongest power in Europe. Re
asks for defence, he aims at European supremacy.
The country likes this too, but still he knows that
it might think an income-tax in its pocket a better
thing than troubling itself
• about influence at the
Court of Constantinople. The country too would
ask, of what avail is our European influence if we
meat quietly stand by and see the Emperor of the
FRENCH acting as the conqueror of Italy—insulting
us, as well as Italy, by the Roman occupation,
driving the noblest man in Europe to madness, and
even talking, for such is his meaning, this ury day,

of Rome or Sardinia ! Let us stick to self-defence
merely, and no one better knows than Lord PAL-
MERSTON that the income tax would then be a su-

peifluous charge.

So, then—:he truth is fairly plumped out at
last by La France. Not, observe, by the Nation,
but by the Newspaper, so called—La France, the
organ of her 11.ajesty l'lmperatrice, the new politi-
cal platform of M. DE LA GUERRONIERE. The Unity
of Italy—saith it, saith he—is impossible. And,
not content with that declaration, the imperial
journalist adds in reference to that dream of an
United Italy, that even if it were for a while rea-
lised, "it wouß introduce serious perturbation in
European order and the national power of France,
who would be !compelled to demand compensation
from Italy, and to change established territorial
limits in order to guarantee herself against several
powerful neightours." Precisely. That is what
we have, all along, felt certain, was the " arriere
pansee" of the Italian policy of the French EM-
PEROR. Franceis compelled to demand compen-
sation from Italy "—meaning the Island of bar-
dinia. We thank M. DE LA GUERRONNIERE for the
honesty of his—nevertheless, rather inopportune—
acknowledgment. It was not needed in the least
among the more keen observers—but there
it is in black Ind white, nevertheless. There
is that revelation that we knew must come
out one of these fine days—there it is branded
upon the las: impression of La France
so that anyone nay recognise it. The key to the
Italian policy of France, under NAPOLEON
111. was giver by the Savoy and Nice
Shuile ! It wis distinguishable, then, quite
plainly what were the magnanimous and
unselfish sympathies of the Imperial Government
for Italy ! There had been a hint of this before
then, through the programme of Italian liberation,
put forth by the French EMPEROR before he began
the triumphal march of that campaign of Solferino
that ended so abruptly at Villafranca. Even then
it was avowed by the EMPEROR that he had no be-
lief in an United Italy—that he could only realise the
" idea" that he could only fight for the " idea" of
Italy as a Confederation. And now the whole plain
gross truth is out. If it is to be United, France is to
receive " compensation" from compensa-
tion," in the name of all that is rational, for what ?
Europe—should the opportunity ever arise—would
certainly have something to say upon that point.

ALARMING FIRES (THIS DAY).—About half-past
3 o'clock this morning a fire occurred at a beer house,
N 0.2, Short-street, Newington-butts, which did a consi-
derable amount of damage, but the property was insured.
Another fire took place at 5, Gibson-square, Islington,
which caused some damage, but this property was also
insured.

FORGERY AND FLIGHT OF THE ALLEGED FOR-
GER.—A farmer named Jas. Robertson, tenant of the farm
of North Mains of Letham, on the estate of Mr. Hay, of
Letham Grange, has been wanted by the police for some
time on several charges of forgery. There are four distinct
charges against Robertson, and on Sunday week the procu-
rator-fiscal from Forfar, with a posse of officers, visited
North Mains of Letham to apprehend Robertson, but found
that both he and his had gone away on Friday, The bills
forged are as follows :—One drawn by Robertson for £lOO,
and bearing to be accepted by Jas. Smith, farmer, Drowan-
dub, ner Arbroath, and David Warden, farmer, Lour, near
Forfar, discounted in the British Linen Company's bank,
at Arbroath; one for £5O, drawn on, and bearing the forged
signature of, George Simpson, corn dealer, Arbroath, dis-
counted by Robertson in the office of the Dundee Banking
Company at Forfar; another for £BO, and a fourth for £45.
Robertson sold cows at Glasterlaw market on the Wednes-
day previous to his flight, and he and his wife were after-
wards traced to Glasgow, and it is supposed he had gone
thence to Liverpool, and sailed for America on the Satur-
day. A meeting of his creditors was held in Arbroath ion
Saturday, and it was found that his debts would amount to
£1,500, and his assets about £BOO. The meeting ordered
sequestration of his effects to be immediately applied for.—
Arbroath Guide.
FRIGHTFUL DEATH.—Yesterday morning an in-
quiry was held at the Poplar Hospital, by Mr. H. R. Wal-
thew, deputy coroner for East Middlesex, respecting the
death of Joseph Sargent, aged 56, who was killed on Thurs-
day last. Mr. William Moffatt, 3, Eagle-terrace, Victoria-
road, said that on the day in question the deceased and six
length, down the road towards the docks. At the moment
of the accident the steam from the heavy hammer of the
Thames Iron Works escaped with a loud noise and fright-
ened a horse, which dashed along the road, and the wheel
of the cart he was drawing caught the mast and ran along
it, taking off a long shaving until deceased was come to,
when he was crushed against the timber and the truck on
which it rested. His chest was completely flattened in by
the force of the collision, the ribs being broken and driven
into the lungs. He was conveyed to the hospital, where
death soon terminated his sufferings. The jury returned a
verdict of accidental death.
THE GREAT EASTERN.—On Saturday a rumour
was current that the steamship Great Eastern, Captain
Paton, which sailed from Liverpool for New York on the
16th of August last, was on fire off Montauk, Long Island,
United States. The rumour was brought by a passenger
on board the Scotia, which vessel arrived at this port from
New York on Fridey afternoon. He stated that just as he
was leaving New York it was reported that a large steamer,
surrounded by :schooners, was on fire off Montauk, on
Monday and Tuesday, the 24th and 25th of August, the
Scotia having sailed on the Wednesday following, Capt.
Judkins, the commander of the Scotia, also states that this
report was current at New York the day before he left.
The mail master of the Scotia, however, reports the vessel
on fire to be a large ship. A despatch from New York,
dated August 27, 7 a.m., states that " Up to this hour
nothing in confirmation of the burning of a steamer off
Long Island yesterday." A despatch received at Boston

states that a large steamship was seen on fire off Bridge:
hampton on the night of the 25th. A telegram from Cape
Race, Newfoundland, of Monday, the 25th, reports that at
11 o'clock p.m., on the 23d, when blowing a gale from the
south, and a very heavy sea running at the time, a rocket
was seen and a gun heard, supposed to have been on board
the Great Eastern. We do not credit the statement that
the burning vessel was the Great Eastern.—Liverpoo 1
Albion.

A MAN BITTEN BY A VIPER.—On Sunday last
a man named Edwin Marsden went out on a moor near
Chesterfield, to gather bog-bean. While so employed he
felt a sharp sting on the hand, and looking down saw a
viper of considerable size fast to his thumb. He instantly
brushed it off and sucked the wound, but in a short time
his hand and arm swelled tremendously. He went home,
but strong feverish symptoms set in, and he was removed
to Chesterfield in a cab for medical assistance. On arriving
there the fever raged so high that it was not thought that
he could survive. Under the care of Mr. Jones, surgeon,
he became somewhat better, but is still in considerable
danger. Soon after sucking the ',wound his mouth and
tongue became very much swollen from the irritant na •
ture of the poison, and it is with difficulty he eats.
The private commercial letters by the Scotia
fromNewYork yesterday do not harmonise with the cheerful
financial reports of the newspapers. They are more dismal
than at any period of the war. Trade in its true sense is
almost stagnant, and the alarm and dissatisfaction felt by
the more respectable classes at the social condition and pro-
spects of the country have been greatly increased by the
arrest of Mr. Charles Ingersoll, of Philadelphia, who has
always been regarded as one of the most sound, temperate,
and honourable men among the politicians of America. His
offence was that he had at a public meeting stated an
opinion that the Administration at Washington is corrupt,
and that he had also remarked that, although they could
imprison citizens at their pleasure, it was a satisfactory con-
sideration in these hard times that they would also have to
clothe and feed them. An arrest under such circumstances
was held to indicate that neither character nor position will
henceforth be any safeguard, and that even the pretence of
any respect for public liberty is at an end. Shipments of
grain continued on an active scale, but, nevertheless, bills
on England were not abundant, and the quotation of ex-
change showed a firm tendency. The quantity during the
week had been 83,500 quarters of wheat and 60,191 barrels
of flour. The next steamers to depart were the Glasgow
and Hansa from New York, on the 30th of August, both
of which will probably bring gold, and the Anglo-Saxon,
from Quebec, also on the 30th. A telegram with news by
the latter may almost immediately be expected.

Tile Journal de Constantinople mentions a horrible
crime recently committed in the village of Bebek. The
Iman of the Mosque, who had ascended to the top of the
minaret to summon the people to morning prayer, saw a
dense mass of smoke rising from the roof of one of the
houses. He hastily descended, and, accompanied by seve-
ral persons whom he met, went to the house from which
the flames were beginning to burst forth. A negro, servant
to the proprietor, opened the door, and hastily ran off. On
entering the house the Iman found the master lying dead,
surrounded by a pool of blood, and in another room was the
body of a negress, also in the same state. Both had been
murdered by the negro, who had then eat fire to the house,
in the hopes of concealing his crime. He was Afterwards
sxrested and sent to prison,

men.

LATEST NEWS.

TERRIFIC BATTLE AT BULL-

RUN.

NEW YORK, AUG. 30 (Morning).
(Per Anglo-Saxon, via Quebec and Londonderry).
The Government has continued officially silent
during the week respecting the military move-
ments in the Virginia Valley. Last night, how-
ever, some official deepatehes were published.
Correspondents being excluded from the Federal
camp, it is difficult to ascertain accurately what is

occurring in Virginia.
Fighting has certainly continued all the week,
which will probably end in a general engagement.
Two Federal regiments are known to have been
captured at Centreville.
A large Confederate force is at Leesburg,.and it
is reported that the Confederates intend crossing
the Potomac into Maryland, at Watkinsford. The
public mind is much excited, and the wildest ru-

moors are current.
General M'Clellan has accepted the command of

the army of Virginia.
The following is the clearest account that can at
present be gathered of what has occurred in Vir-

ginia :

The Confederates attacked Rappahannock sta-
tion on the 23d, compelling the Federals to abandon
the line of the Rappahannock, After burning the
bridge across the river, the Federals retreated to
Warrenton Junction, a distance of 10 miles. On
the 26th the Confederate force, variously estimated
at from 2,000 to 7,000 men, made a dash on
Manassas Junction, in the rear of the Federal
army. The Federals were driven out of Manassas,
and lost a battery of nine guns. The enemy de-
stroyed all buildings and valuable property, cut
tile telegraph, and destroyed the railroad, thus
cutting off the telegraphic and railroad communica-
tion between Pope and Washington.
The Confederates proceeded to Bull-run-

bridge, and afterwards drove the Federals from
that point. Their cavalry then advanced to Fair-
fax. It is supposed tbat the Confederates reached
Pope's rear by passing through Thoroughfare Gap.
Pope's official despatch, dated Manassas Junc-

tion, Aug. 28, states that as soon as he discovered
that large forces of the enemy were passing his
right wing towards Manassas he immediately broke
up camp at Warrenton and Warrenton Junction,
and commenced a rapid retrograde movement in
three columns upon Manassas Junction,
M'Dowell and Sigel were marching upon Gains-
ville by the Warrenton and Alevandria turnpike.
Heintzelmann was marching on Greenwich. Gen.
Pope's force comprised Porter's and Hooker's divi-
sions.

At this juncture General M'Dowell succeeded in
interposing his corps between the forces of the
enemy, who had passed down to Manassas through
Gainsville, and their main body, which was moving
down from White Plain through Thoroughfare
Gap—the Confederate General Longstreet, who
hed passed through the Gap being driven to the
west side. Hooker's division, whilst marching
towards Manassas, came upon him in the afternoon
of the 27th, and Kettle-run, and after a sharp action
routed him completely, killing and wouLding 300,
and capturing their camp.
On the 28th Pope pushed rapidly on to Manassas
Junction, which he found to have been evacuated
by Jackson three hours previously to his arrival.
Jackson retreated via Centreville, and took the
turnpike road towards Warrenton. He was met
late in the afternoon of the 28th by M'Dowell and
Sigel, six miles west of Centreville. A severe fight
then ensued, which was terminated by darkness.
The Confederates were driven back at all points.
Thus matters rest at present.

ill kuuvu AL (Jul Centro
ville upon the enemy at daylight, and Gencrtil.
Pope thinks they cannot escape without heavy loss.
General Pope captured 1,000 prisoners and one
piece of artillery.
Semi-official Washington despatches of the 29th
inst., report that Generals Burnside and Pope
have successfully cut their way through the enemy
towards Manassas, and have formed a junction this
side of Centreville with the army of Virginia under
General M'Clellan.

A severe engagement has occurred between
Hooker's, Summer's, and Sturges divisions and
the enemy, in which the latter was routed and
driven back from the vicinity of Manassas and
Bull-run, through the passes of Bull-run Moun-
tain.

War meetings continue to be held.
It is reported that the Federal Government is
very short of arms. Many troops arriving in
Washington cannot be provided for in that respect.
The Mayor of New York has requested that
the stores be closed at three in the afternoon till
the 15th of September, to give time for volunteer-
ing and drafting.
Persons have been forbidden to advertise that
they can procure substitutes. Several individuals
have been arrested for this cause.

The Federals have evacuated Baton Rouge, but
the city will not be destroyed.

President Jefferson Davis has issued an order
that Federal officers who have armed slaves against
their masters, shall, if captured, be hung.
The Great Eastern has anchored in Flushing
Bay. She struck a rock at Monbank Point, stoving
a hole in her bottom. The accident is not con-
sidered to be serious, as the shock only penetrated
the outer scale of the ship, the inner scale remain-
ing intact. The leakages are not sufficient to im-
pair her safety. Efforts will be made to repair her
at New York, but if this be found impracticable,
she will return in her present condition to England
for repairs.

NEW YORK, AIM. 30 (Evening).
(Per Anglo-Saxon, by telegraph to Father Point,
and from Londonderry.)

The second battle of Ball-ran was fought
Yester-
day. The following is General Pope's official
re-
port:--

" Head-quarters, Field of Battle,
" Grovedown, near Gainsville, Aug. 30.
"To Major-General Halleck, General-in-Chief at
Washington.

" We fought a terrific battle here yesterday with
the combined forces of the enemy, which lasted with
continuous fury from daylight until after dark, by
which time the enemy was driven from the field
which we now occupy.

.c our troops are too much exhausted to push
matters, but 1 shall do so in the course of the morn-
ing as soon as Fitz-John Porter's corps comes UP
from Manassas.

ic The enemy is still in our front, but badly used.
"We have no less than 8,000 men killed and
wounded, and from the appearance of the field the
enemy has lost two to our one. He stood strictly
on the defensive, and every assault was made by
ourselves.

" Our troops behaved splendidly. The battle
was fought on the indentical battle-field of Bull-
run, which greatly increased the enthusiasm of our

".The news has just reached me from the front

that the enemy is retreating towards the mountains.
lat once pushed forward a reconnoitring party to

ascertain this.

" We have made great captures ; but I am not
yet able to form an idea of their extent,

(Signed) " JOHN POPE,
" Major-General Commanding."

The news of the battle of Bull-run causes intense
excitement. No further details have been received.
Affairs in Kentucky are in a critical condition.
The position of the Federals at Cumberland Gap
is considered precarious.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW YORK, AUG, 30 (Evening.)
(Per Anglo-Saxon, by Telegr ph to Father Point
and from Londonderry.)
The Hausa and Glasgow, sailing to-day, take
484,000 dols. in specie.
Money easy. Exchange steady at 1273. Stocks

inactive.
Cotton very firm ; middling Upland, 48c.
Breadstnffs improving. Coffee good inquiry.

TURIN, SEPT. 6.

The official Gazette of to-day publishes the report
of General Cialdini on the engagement at Aspro-

monte.

The report states that the instructions given to
Colonel Pallavicino were to pursue Garibaldi unre-
mittingly it he sought to fly, to attack him if he
offered battle, and to destroy his band.
The official Gazette also publishes Colonel Palla-
vicino's report, according to which his left attacked
the Volunteers in front, and after a brisk fire
carried the position they occupied.
The rebels were then surrounded on all sides,
and ulterior resistance was useless, At this junc-
ture they signalled the Royal troops to stop firing,
and Colonel Pallavicino sent an officer of the Stuff
to summon Garibaldi to surrender. Garibaldi re•
plied he would never surrender.

The Staff•officer was made prisoner, as well as
another envoy subsequently sent by Colonel Palla-

vicino.

They were, however, afterwards released.
Garibaldi requested to be allowed to embark on
board an English vessel.
Several Volunteers, when questioned, said they
knew nothing of the King's proclamation. Some
believed that all had been arranged with the
Government, while others said that Garibaldi had
deceived them.

Nicotera, Alissori, and Micelli left Garibaldi on
the 28th, probably to prepare a movement in
another part of the province.
Colonel Pallavicino, on learning that Nicotera
and Micelli were at Bagnara, ordered them to be
arrested.

At Aspromonte three flags were found inscribed
with the words " Italy ! Emmanuel!" but not
berring the cross of Savoy, nor having the blue
riband attached.
No documents nor money were found.