The Sun.
London, England, 1862-09-10 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDO-S, WEDNESDAY EvENING, SEPTEMBER 10, 1862.;

the combatants to cease. There was also a minor
fight, in which a Confederate general is said to have
been completely routed. These accounts, therefore,
leave POPE in quiet possession of Manassas, and
the Confederates making their way to their main
body. _ _

But on these statements follows the latest news
in a despatch from Gen. POPE, according to which
the Confederates must be supposed to have mustered
again near Manassas, on the old field of Bull's Run,
and there have stood on the defensive, while POPE,
by repeated assaults, drove them from it. If the
first statements be correct,the Confederates must have
returned northwards with their whole disposable
force, and seriously threatened to cut off POPE from
his base of operations at Washington, and utterly
ruin him. POFE'S despatch would then recount the
defeat of this second attempt to come between him
and Washington. It is, however, quite as probable
that there is some mis-statement in the former
accounts, and that we shall find that there was but
one main attempt on Manassas and Bull's
Run. As to Porn's captures and accounts of num-
bers slaughtered, they can only be taken with
the usual discount. The loss of nine guns and the
capture of two Federal regiments is confessed by
the North—how much more they lost we may know
in time. Eight thousand is a heavy loss indeed for
POPE to acknowledge, it could hardly be given
merely to enable him to double the number
for the Federals ; determined as the struggle trust
have been, at Bull's Run especially, we may well
believe that the carnage was something frightful.
We know too little yet of the state of the arma-
ments on each side to perceive from all these mur-
derous conflicts what effect they will have on the
issue of the war. If they teach anything, it would
seem to be the substantial equality of the two
parties. The Confederates may be exhausting
themselves more rapidly than the Federals, but as
yet there is nothing to show that they are not as
well provided for the war as they were a year ago,
indeed better. The marvel is whence they get their
supplies. Even the North, with all its commercial
and manufacturing means, is complaining of
want of arms, but they can easily get a
supply from Europe. We should think the South
must be very ill armed as compared with the
North, and their successful fighting is therefore
proportionately wonderful. They have at last, we
learn, driven the Federals to evacuate Baton Rouge
—we should not be surprised if the evacuation of
New Orleans follow in due time. It costs the
Federals the presence of a very large fleet, for it
is the Mississippi fleet, not General BUTLER, which
really holds the city. In a few mails we may look
for yet more important news—the retreat of the
Confederates to Richmond, or a fierce battle. The
latter, certainly, unless both parties are too much
exhausted with their late efforts.

GARIBALDI'S own account of Aspromonte is now
before the world. The wounded Hero, from his
place of captivity in the Fortress of Varignano, in
the Gulf of Spezzia, has told the plain truth right
out. Those who turn with implicit credulity to
the official narratives just issued to the European
public through the Gazzetta di Torino, under the
hands of Gen. CIALDINI and Col. PALLAVICINO,
will do well to correct their impression as to the
facts therein related by casting a glance also at the
record of those same facts penned by the hand of
Gen. GARIBALDI. Great is the Truth there an-
nounced by the Fallen Chief—and it will prevail !
The statement put forth by one of the General's own
staff is here corroborated, is here placed beyond the
reach of all denial by the General himself. His is
not the guilt of the blood of Italians shed by Italians
upon the heights of Aspromonte. Before the first
lamentable shot was fired the order of GARIBALDI
had gone forth—Not to Fire ! That order was
echoed and re-echoed throughout the whole time of
the deadly fusillade: it was repeated again and again
by GARIBALDI himself, by his officers, by the bugles
of his Volunteers. Upon the head of RATTAZZI and
upon the heads of his Colleagues the guilt of those
cruel shots must sooner or later recoil. As it is
even now, the Cabinet at Turin, slavishly obeying,
as it has done from first to last in this matter, the
behests of the French EMPEROR, possesses a mono-
poly of the infamy attaching to the mere re-
membrance of the unnatural conflict which took
place on that fatal Friday upon Aspromonte.
GARIBALDI was in arms, it is true, in opposition to
the public Orders, but it can hardly be said by any
one—remembering what was the Hero's avowed
object, and what has all along been the KING'S
Most cherished ambition—in opposition to the heart-
felt Wishes of the SOVEREIGN. Admitting that—
granting that the RATTAZZI Cabinet had so far vio-
lated the usages of Constitutional Government
as to affix the Monarch's name to that Proclamation
which startled all Europe, while GARIBALDI'S right
hand was yet fresh from the grasp of the right
hands of the Royal Princes—allowing that GARI-
BALDI'S persistence in his audacious enterprise after
the issue of that Proclamation was mad, and mon-
strous, and altogether unjustifiable—still there was
no need whatever why the blood of one solitary Ita-
lian should have been shed upon the mountain ridge
of Aspromonte. Much less was there any necessity
for the shedding of one drop of that blood that ought
to have been held sacred from the bullets and the
bayonets of Italian soldiers—the blood of that
dauntless Patriot, the Father of his country, the
Hero and Liberator of the Italians !

A pictorial illustration of the greatness of the
crime perpetrated upon the heights of Aspromonte
by the shedding of the blood of GARIBALDI at the
hands of Italian soldiers—has this day appeared in
the pages of the penny rival to our London Chari-
vari : a picture so truthful, so noble, so pathetic
both in- its idea and in its execution, that it ought
at once to make the fortune of Fun, by confirming
its youthful reputation and rendering permanent
its rising popularity.
" Wounded—Defeated—Captured !" That is the
simple heading of this historical cartoon. Italy
has flung herself upon her knees in an agony of
weeping at the feet of her Darling Hero—
" Wounded—Defeated—Captured " by her own
Children. GARIBALDI has his manacled
hands clasped about her neck as she
kneels before him—asking herself as she looks
up with a
lasngituisfohrinttheihsistheaatlmlavhdavuenrbeepernoaccohnifpulli
countenance expressive of the bitterest
Telegram ?" Italy has in truth b face, "And
by
d
een asking her-
self this ever since that fratricidal and parricidal
bloodshed at Aspromonte. All Europe is echoing
the same inquiry in her behaIf—NAPOLEON the
while erjoying his baths at Biarritz—GARIBALDI
lying at this moment mutilated and suff • ering upon
his prison pallet at Yarignano.
It is a great crime that has been perpetrated.
Not a shot need have been fired—not one man
need have been wounded either among theßed Shirts
lists. Nothing can be plainer
or among the Roya
than this—now that we learn the full and exact
Particulars of what occurred. General GARIBALDI's
own authentic And authentative narrative renders
the fact we are here insisting upon quite undenia-
ble,
explaination of it being that—" They
thirsted for blood !" Those, indeed, are the very first
words with which the Hero's narrative commences.
"They thirsted for blood," he says, lc and I wished,

to spare it." Naturally—for he was in front
of his own fellow-countrymen, of Italians
by whose side he had fought, in whose
cause he was then bearing aloft the standard of—
Rebellion ! " They [who] thirsted for blood "
meaning, as he himself explains, " Not the poor
soldiers who obeyed." Nor yet their commanding
officer, Colonel PALLANICINO, of whom the hero
says nobly in his despatch (for such perforce we
must call the General's letter giving this narrative)
—he, " Colonel PALLAVICINO, conducted himself as
a valorous and intelligent chief in all his military
movements, and he has not been wanting in respect
or courtesy towards me and my people." The hero
adding—" He showed his grief in having to shed
Italian blood ; but he had received peremptory
orders and had to obey orders." Not that Colonel
of the Bersaglieri, is it whom GARIBALDI charges
with thirsting for blood, not those poor soldiers of
his who had but to the obey orders to which he had
no alternative previously to giving in his obedience.
GARIBALDI defines in one simple but significant
phrase those at whom he points, with scorn and
horror, his still formidable, nay, his more than ever
formidable finger of accusation ! "They thirsted
for blood"—not the Colonel of Besraglieri,. not to
the Bersaglieri themselves—" but the men of the
clique who cannot forgive the revolution for being
the revolution ! " GARIBALDI then recounts his
efforts, his unhappily wholely ineffectual efforts, to
prevent that effusion of blood anaong Italians which he
deemed rightly to be horrible and unnatural under
the circumstances, and which, at the same time, he
regarded as altogether unnecessary, and as very
easily avoidable.

The lamentable result has nowhere been related
with such simple, but for that very reason powerul
and impressive emphasis as it has in GARIBALDI'S
narrative. The General, in relating the particulars
of any conflict, is never given to speak of it or
to write of it in the language of exaggeration. Yet
in his account of this miserable and atrocious
fight at Aspromonte, what are some
of his expressions ? He says that the royal troops,
when arrived at a :short distance from his own
men (who at his orders remained perfectly pas-
sive) " began a tremendous fire." He speaks of the
Bersaglieri, who were in front of him ; and he
says that they " directzng their shots against me,
struck me with two balls." And how does he
speak of the two wounds those balls inflicted ? He
describes them as " one in the left thigh, not seri-
ous, the other in the ankle of the right foot, making
a serious wound .1" Yes, it is a great crime that
has been perpetrated, and—we repeat it—it is one
that demands and that will obtain expiation.
"My arrangements," GARIBALDI says later
on in his narrative, " were purely defen-
sive, and I had hoped to avoid a oonflict, see-
ing the very strong position that I occupied and
entertaining the hope that the regular troops had
received orders less sanguinary. " If" he adds, " I
had not been wounded at the outset, and if my
people had not received the order under all cir-
cumstances to avoid any collision whatsoever with
the regular troops, the contest between men of
the same race would have been terrible. How-
ever," exclaims the Hero, in continuation, " far
better as it is. Whatever may be the result of
my wounds, whatever fate the Government prepares
for me, I have the consciousness of having done my
duty ; and the sacrifice of my life is a very little
thing if it has contributed to save that of a
great number of my fellow-countrymen." Can
it possibly have been—the thought here occurs
to us—can it possibly have been that RATTAZZI and
his Colleagues wantonly devoted GARIBALDI to
death, in the hope that out of the turmoil that
must have resulted from the dreadful incident,
had he actually been killed, instead of being (as
he is) painfully wounded, at Aspromonte, Italy
might have won the solution of her remaining
difficulties, while they themselves, the KING'S
Ministers, would at the same time have been quit
of a rival reputation that overshadowed them all,
and utterly dwarfed them by comparison.

THE QUEEN IN GERMANY.

RHEINHARDTSBRUNN, FRIDAY, SEPT. 5.

The Queen and Royal Family, accompanied by her Se-
rene Highness the Princess Hohenlohe, arrived at the above
residence, which has been placed at her Majesty'e disposal
by his Royal Highness the Duke of Saxe Coburg-Gotha,
soon after nine o'clock this morning.

Her Majesty travelled through the night by special
train from Laeken, stopping an hour and a half at Cologne,
where her Majesty dined in private, and proceeding by
Giessen to Mechterstedt. At this station her Majesty was
met by the Duke of Saxe Coburg, and carriages were here
in readiness to convey the Royal Party to Rheinhardts-
brunn,

•
Notwithstanding the distress of mind and sorrowful
emotion caused by this journey, her Majesty's health does
not appear to be worse.
Lord Russell accompanied her Majesty as far as Cologne,
where he remained for the night, and was to proceed this
morning on his journey to Gotha, where he will remain
until relieved by the Earl Granville during her Majesty's
residence at Rheinhardtsbrunn.

LATEST NEWS.

TERRIFIC BATTLE AT BULL-

RUN.

LIVERPOOL, SEPT. 9.

The Canadian mail steamer Anglo-Saxon, Cap-
tain Graham, from Quebec on the 30th, arrived iu
the Mersey this evening.
A full telegraphic summary of the advices by this
arrival has already been published.
The reports of the fighting on the Rappahannock
River and the surrounding country are very con-
tradictory, and mainly consist of telegraphic
reports to the Portland and Canadian papers. We
extract the following :
ALEXANDRIA,VIRGINIA, Aug. 26.—From passen-
gers arriving here to-day it is ascertained that on
Saturday the enemy commenced operations early,
and went to work with a will, using their artillery
at Rappahannock station.
It soon became evident that the station would
have to be abandoned, and at about nine o'clock
the bridge across the Rappahannock was burned,
and the abutments blown up.
Orders were also received to remove our stores
and ammunition, and burn the houses at Rappa-
hannock Station, which was accomplished. We
sustained no casualties. Everything was quiet at
Warrenton and Warrenton Junction both on Satur-
day and yesterday. The latter place is nine miles
from the former.

Our troops are rapidly getting into position, and
everything goes on well.

This side of the Rappahannock is now entirely
clear of rebel forces, or was at the last accounts.
There was no definite information as to the actual
position or numbers of the rebels. It was cur-
rently reported, however, that the rebels were
falling back beyond the Rappahannock, towards
Culpepper.

General Sigel captured a large number of rebels
on Thursday, but the most of whom afterwards
managed to escape, owing to advance of rebel rein-
forcements far superior to the number of our own
troops, and the want of a sufficient number of
soldiers to hold them. Some prisoners, however,
were brought to Bealten Station, and will be sent
to Washington.
The Washington'correspandent of the New York
Tribune, under date of the 26th, says that the
Rappahannock line is abandoned, and our forces
have fallen back to another position, 10 miles to
the rear. Fredericksburg, of course, is retained in
our possession, and Aq uia Creek, as well as the
rest of the Potomac bank, is to be defended.
The Alexandria correspondent of the Tribune
says that, from prisoners taken in late skirmishes,
and from many other sources, I have learned that
it was the intention of Gen. Lee to cross his en-
tire army during Friday night, and the day fol-
lowing, and attack Gen. Pope before the reinforce-
ments from M'Clellan's army arrived on the
ground. It was supposed that the Rappahannock
could be passed only at six or seven points, but
it soon became evident that the entire stream five
miles above Warrenton [Springs was the grand
ford. During the night Jackson crossed his whole
corps at half-a-dozen points above Warrenton
Springs. Jackson, according to the programme, was
to engage the right of Gen. Pope, and draw off his
attention if possible from his left and centre, so
as to give the main body of the rebel army an op-
portunity to cross at other fords than those guarded
by us, and then, when safely over, take the risk of
the most desperate conflict of the war. Tho pro-
gramme succeeded so far as Jackson was concerned ;
but at midnight a furious storm occurred, render-
ing the river impassable to Lee and his rebel army.
General Pope could not learn the exact strengtk of
Jackson, therefore he did not take the offensive.
Jackson, on learning that Lee could not reinforce
him, kept close to the river and bushes, and as the
river fell recrossed and joined the main body. But
for this thunder storm the greatest battle of the
war would have been fought before this.
The Fredericksburg correspondent.of the Times
states that General Pope has retired to Warrenton
Junction, and has been strongly reinforced by
Lienerals Heinzelmann, Frankland, and others of
the best material of M'Clellan's army.
General M'Clellan arrived at Aquia Creek at 8
o'clock on Sunday morning, with his staff, where
General Burnside met and conferred with him on
the position of affairs.
The landing and pushing forward of the troops
and batteries has been accomplished with almost
incredible speed. General Porter's army, which
but five days ago was dragging its heavy way down
the peninsula, is already posted along the most vul-
nerable points of the Rappahannoek, defying all
attempts of the rebels to eross.

Barrett's Ford, 20 miles above this place, is held
by Major-General Morrell's and General Rena's
excellent corps. The extreme left of our line at
this place is strongly held 14 Gen. Burnside, whose
vigilance is unceasing regarding every movement
of the enemy. He has sent away to Gen. Pope
every man that could be spared, but he has still a
force abundantly able to guard against any attack.
The river has been swollen for two days, so that it
was impossible to ford it, but it is now low again.
The Washington Star has the following :
" Since Saturday last nearly all firing across the
Rappahannock has ceased. Hardly a dozen
shots a day are being fired. Most of the
officers in front believe that on Saturday last Lee,
Longstreet, and Jackson quietly took the back
track, going somewhere no one knows whither—
ten to one to Gordonsville. The signs yesterday
were that but a very small rebel force was in our
front, hardly enough to keep up the appearance of
an opposing force there, On Thursday last it was
conceded in Lee's military family that the move..
ment had been a dead failure, Pope being found in
position on the north side of the Rappahannock,
instead of being caught upon the banks of the Ra-
pidan as designed. The entire force that marched
east from Gordonsville was about 8,000 men, not