The Sun.
London, England, 1862-08-27 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNE3D EVENEN:3, AUGUST' 27, 1862.

XITR. CIVIL-LAY: TOItTURP., OF CARTE PETER—No PAY,
As Out-cast,!.princo-consort i. race, of Civic-L-coin.
Be not afraid—Menduhn.'s-Eli;chah'd—hefty 17.1'
gcmish.-harp'ys are acting without my fi*sca/-leave' altho
their will-6th deputy 137 31 G m.c 32, §7. '9l act (1820-25,
by Castlereagh's Calvin-prolunrant to FESCH'S rP double
office of Archchiej bis'aop el Lyons and Cardinal of Cana-
da—.s Labrador '49 act successor to 14 Clement's Jesuit
outing, to 93's NAP. temporal holy see,)'ng—in Quebec's
Virginian 1764-5-76 Admiralty High Court of delegates
thro' YeUotostamp, King's-post master Benj. Franklin's
Crown veto grants, on J. Adams '99yr. V.P idea to North,
on rrinec-Consor Ito Lathe Pocahontas & iilary March',
in Crown Probate-surrogate Aekerley—over Montagu
Dalhousie's Communely Afranchie to red Scarf-chamber
of Deputies, as of ' Great Britain,' 33 G. c 44, §l, the
tree L'Britannos Superior' of Vespasian's Ejcotland Mo-
ravia (not lb. slaves to Church ot Rome) by Bristol's Super
alt'mare' offspring• sea above—' Poland's Liberum veto,'
so Christ'iau thieves, on 1787 Jus. civil law code. lib. i.,
lit. §4, overlay U.S. '76, for Ex-ibi-shn Pexposition',
have no Utrecht Rio 3ty slave-plot rights, in America.
BALLOON ASCENTS without " LE NOR-
MAND'S" 1783 PARACHUrE DROP, AID.
MEMO.—The Cruelty to Animals Act' gives civic cause
for magisterial stoppage of these c. Coal'rs frafool rywith-
out the 10-negative wisdom shown for collapse retreat, at
the over-3-mile Zone-electric 7,e-e
-.22-positive ifflux, to gas lb.
within the balloon, as seen—above Wolverhampton's poor
' Union mill' of the Dudley Somerie Swinford-Exchange—
at which bar'mete point of 26in. Foulawdrop, a VA-tribute
out..braee _Parachute ought• to have been Egypt•a-sAID, on
17 July, for Accident & Offflaces bill,—on Suez 30c. my Ely-
Padijehah-6th Aug., 1828, Belgrade Dardanell p-ship.
:sae. 124 s=l6= -26----== 320 :: 36 in. Yard.
Mr. o Coxwell's omission to take up, car-affixed, the pure
oxygenic wax taper flame (obtained in Piccadilly), used in
its vehicle • the lamp of life,' for nasal vacu°-shield-bone
inhalation—by all Aeronauts, against 151 b sqr-inch atmos-
pheric Cough pressure on the lungs, accounts for Blueelip'd-
Glaisher m suffering a 5-sqr.in, tho' descent-saved by hydro-
gen Voltaic-gas circumvent, reminding him of Shenstone's
occult Tulchan straw-calt'—couplet (on Nun Qu'endrida
of TiP'ton), for bringing down the maye6th milkuser

6,8 f "For in Clent, as ÷ martyr'd, under a thorn
981-
I Lieth, King Ken'elm with head off-shorn.' 2
as the defunct ancestors of Emp. Conrad Ir.'s G.-daughter
Agatha, Malcolm m & wife Margar 2' offspring, now in
'Spanish Escurial of Philip 11. (whose daddy, CAR. v., was
Gaunt.• constable of England), as Saxon kin of Edward
herein ambush'd Salve Lucr°in TITUS Aat Pompeii yr.
79, set' on barometer 2in. = s lb. vaccu'ff I coincidence for
Double-reason q —4-8-16-32 by Geometric progres-
sion, to Treble and Quadruple reason'ng.
The quicksilver drop 16 tn.—show aloft, with di-luced Net
expansion of 'palAwn' evidenced the absence of Nitro-moist
fog within the motive power, and influx of the dry elec-
tricity, by the drowning-like effects on the system—the Pit-
a-oat pulse of a Tucked-up heart o'er its key-diaphragm,
sounded the Thumb-inch tic-dirge ' music of the spheres,'
whilst Wiry hair and ruffled paper gave a voltaic battery
Menochord on entering "Paradise' where the first pair meet'
at 15in. dog., of Crystalice'a shewn blood—on Airey's false
latitude 31 barometer scale & Multiple : : sector A school,
to ' hall of science' idea—to out Stephen's Parl'ment Mon-
tague House shift of the Port Gaspe-basin marine league'
by cannon shot 3-mile off-shore limit of 1794 3ty' for river
Ligne tiree of Indian Peter, with Surveyor LoGAN's fishery
chain-'-meter level, of 1818 Act, § 9, on '42-•62.
So Windsor-(Bowl-waft ''erhead Picot Cole), region of
welar-Wulfra Hampton of EDGAR'S sister—pzhn-Ell-seat to
ballccrt Pha3+ on' d collapse, bull'srun (belly-paunch-like), on
Lang-hamlet of Oakham-n,--on Union deputy-papal Pal-
merston's '9l Tulchan-loge vise, by xWrottesley's CyQrothy
Dudley-Wardship of Bassett-wilton *Stamford.
This go [bye 'civil education code Comign 1826.31, bra-
gas motu Game law], on Holy Alliance out'ng, by Sir C.
Stuart, Admiral Hamond, & Hill Sandys' decree, for Ac-
kerley, 29th Aug., 1825.26 Jan.—shows the 9" La belle re-
aeriform- within, in cases of Low fire- &nip on Vaccu' rarifi-
cation of the breath, for purification of the blood against po-
lies 1829 Blue-carbon discolour of hands, at 31 mile Wing
life-absence aloft—sets a '32 Coorg-TIBET sack-rent on
future Pendul'umbrella'd Miltonic bottom/esspit dipfalls,
opposed to Virgil's 9th discord on Comet's 4 pts.-variation-
" Facilis defcendsus
spiral line (to Mundane-':,3-oval of H. B's will-lease at Ken-
nington-Butts to 1791 Sphinx-Du. So Tudor sham c3iicheg
of £' maker star's white-Alba- /3ait 'Rod's of Scotia minor) on
:
the Exeter Ursa stellar Galisgog • : gyration fwithm
night poach N bill 6 August 15, to Jr.sus-nomena/ise Nday,
as the Rotherham-wilt, 1490, O.S. transfiguration,, coo it._
rid er- rant P.M. Macula. Conception r est realist drama,
'He rideth round the heavens as upon a horse.'—ilan'ver's
sus JoVIS NUTRIX."
A CD [lndia
. . * N.] S.AtkriS- Montague C. x ACKERLEY, Exec,
it,. • • 1-2 • /v., N.. 54, Chamberlayne' Gie-sworn.
cq • PETER BASQUE; Income-tax chief (1842 unpaid§ of
• China nub' wall circuit horizon of--,London, Aug. 27.
1862) iis Montezuma-inch Admiralty red flag, not in
Brants power to give up IMP. 1793-China, to lercy,
& GREv-cause of Capt'n's xf-yr support, th 6 tQn's.
'4"B ill ministers use his brains, & mogul mock him to death
, as Padrone su l'onde,' for Bahar's Dewanney,
for holding to 1820-25-37's Carib-protectorship oath on its
£9O-yr retaining fee for his duty expenditure of £1,600 for
Indian of America, which the Treasury refuse to pay or
reply to their unrelieved Double-portion sentinel's acting
order—under the Polar map-inch Act of 1818 § 9, fora Soil-
title (to Ackerley's R.N. T voice, on AB-juration act 1791 § 7)
—for Romish catholic corpo?rates of Labrador, Baltimore-
maryland & Brazil, on Calvin Luther church pay—for their
idea colonial Crown veto for MPP acts, if Tacit home shown
at 6 months for Law—unknown till Peter's arrival in 1851,
as Pont,tl Landlord recognised by Earl Grey's November
letter 'that Indian justice should be done,'—by his election
as Le Congru'ss 'fit' Constable of England -$- on report of
the theft of Tower stores 'J. King' issued to him in '42 for
Ashburton Ind. survey of the New Found-land of Virginia,
by the Earl of Derby' and Blackwood, sectry.-holding the
Ind. Yellow Gold-edged 1764.5 3ty Nepal-grants, at Frede •
rickton, N. Brunswick. (Signed) Benj. Franklin, Rich-
mond -delegate—on 'l7BB _lnseparable d 9amats' by 1794's
Deputy Jefferson's U.S.c. 1, §3-1819-26 Resume—not for
the now Hudson Bay Co.'s Guerilla brigands.
Whence the doubtful subscribed public fund for' the
Prince Consort Memorial of 1851 recognition, as above—
THE definite article of this adjective sentence under the
King of Prussia's signature at Windsor Castle, with Albert
and Wife of Church-tack, on Sir Wm. Logan's survey of
Canada—shows Sir C. Eastlake, MY 1842 VICTORIA-mould
coin Consort-tie to Soil right, has no reference to 'bill acts
Victoria:' proclaiming. without Kelly's City nomen to P.C.
for double Jcsu-it-able Kirk-head Gresham-x, by Stone
statue cause for Standard bearer Ackerley's oath Jan. 30,
1837.—50 no Figure date on illegal Florin.

t As Trinidad's Ceylon 10 deg. is to As-faicon'd Manilla
—So is Bengal's c> broad 4, arrow=---to Cuba's Belltower, by
1761-5 Quadruple oty-sign grants of America, till Spanish
rutting logwood convention of 1782, for Brant's deputy-
Percy assumption on Peter's grandfather, John Nwlwarr
removal to Spanish Esqu'lteal for their manaerelic to Cum-
berland Fort, Nova Scotia, Indian Chief over the Con-
stable's horse, removed to their Hali-gone'ian stable by
George m tacit Rex admission for Clarence l3elzse Afric.
To M— Jefferies, & Bailiffs of Tame-(worth, Stour-Trent
Anker 4. river DEE fish'ry on Poor.law 0. S. audits, March
25, Rate in aid on 43-Eliz.) in Wye part of Guy's Hospital
by 21 July, 1521-2 CARL. V. &H.B, of Southark bar' for
Clapham's Conjugate reciprocity Sty, to Yellow Tiber' Zoll-
verein trusteeship, yr 42—on the 4 great nations of Gaul's
Lion 'pont del' Arcubalistaey—Jetsam-statu'e of 4-Gee. 4
Ch. 74—on Barometer oz-libralis lb. Air-'-pressure.

Ye ! will ask the UNION for Loan to Indian and Self ?
Was I in receipt of my father's life-hold name estate—its
rental being withheld by Attorney Cole's freehold voting
on my brother Chamberlayne by 1-2 Will. Iv., No. 54,
(not Ackerley), whence the double forge of " Charles and
C. Henry," in Master of Roll's foist-decree, 15th March,
'B2, touching the ‘L'nourtan ON the Water Act, by Cole'r
as canal Ells-mere agent of Saugh-&-washall, of Dean and
Chapter of Chester's Crt. of jairfax delegates, Nov., 1807-
9, on-Your—Excommunication of name—as palatin-man.
" Like nawksey'-owl, in desert lone
Hugh Loop'd am I, Lo I now, as one."
T. N.B.—March Ghent 3ty 1815, with U.S. except France.
At Genappe bridge 10.L8 p.m., June 17, 1815, Wellington
signed the O'hain carte blanche for Jesuit restoration atotu
Pii 7th, May 12., 1814 (as Pub. by Gonsalvi's Reg 219,
6th Jul n Blucher's 42,000 aid, forBth 'June_
Thieyrs k6)nows the Waterloo 'Game' Bill of '3l and '62
act-villany—on 30 deg. for Is-Suez siderial trust.

(See un Aprill9, 23; May ]6, & July 19.)

CRYSTAL PAT,ACE.—Open from NINE
TILL DARK.-ONE SHILLING.

CRYSTAL
TION TO-MORROW.—POULTRY
ATTRA C-
BLONDIN, SIIO W and

_
0111,TRY snoW—oNE MORE DAY,—
A_ Positively Closing To-MORROW.

BLONDIN'S PERPORmANCE on thA HIGH
ROPE ovEtz FT:TNT AINs
will include all his
most Extraordinary Feats.

eTe first age.
p
*** For full particulars of amuaexnents
ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COI,TEN GARDEN.
This Evening, DINORAII.
Commence at 8.

.r) u RY-LAlTta,srt riFh,
THEATRE-ROYAL'
This Evening,, A KISS IN THE DARK.
the first part of the Arab Entertainment at !mit-
be followed by Till: COLLEEN N. 0 COUCIUde. °
TILE AIZABS THEF DESERT. A Troupe of the Ith
Zoug-Zoug,. Commence at 7. ni-

THEATRE-ROYAL. HAYMARKET.
This Evenilr-, FISII OUT OF WATER. Alter Which,
OUR AILERICAN COUSIN. With CELOS Y'CALIA.
And THE CHRISTENING.

ComMence at 7.

NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHL
This Evening, THE PRETPY NORSEBREAKER.
Followed by ADRIENNE LE CO UVREUR. And THE
SUILLING DAY.

Commence at 7.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
This Evening., THE RENDEZVOUS. After which, at a
quarter to KING FiENRY VIII. With TILE TWO
POLTS. Commence at 7.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
This Evenino-, PEEP O'DAY. Followed by KILLAR-
NEY. Conclude with 'THE COLLEEN BAWN SETTLED
AT LAST. Commence at 7.

ASTLEY'S P_OYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
This Eveninz, ZEPPA. Brilliant ;'cones in the Circle,
Concluding with a Comic Ballet.

Commence at 7.

''CRET) HARMONIC SOCIETY, EXETER 'TALL.—
":rhe 31ussi,h " will be again pejorrnLcl on FRIDAY
l_vening next, at 8 o'clock.

MP, anti MRS. CHARLES MATHEWS " AT
Evenat Her Majest-'s Concert Room, Haymarket, This
Evening. •,
Commence at 8.

_ _
W. S. WOODIN'S p012.-graphic CABINET OF CURIOSITIES,
Kin:-r William-street, Charil;g-cross.
Commence at 8.

ARGYLL 11°0:q8, Great Windmill-street, Hay-
market. Open every evening for Promenade and Dancing.
CANTERBURY LL.—EVERY EVENING.—
Steckel, the (Teat Trape p9.former-fl rand Selections from
.z, e
Sebastienrrova
stoxre." -Unsiv orth, Eugene,
and Duley, the great comic trio, .
Commence at 7.

THE OXFORD, 6, OxFoRD-sTREzr, EVERY
with full band and
"I%NlNG.—Vurdi's << I 1 Cor3aro,"
chorus.—The comic performance of Miss Caroline Parkes
Steckel on the Plying Trapeze—The Ethiopian oddities of
altimsey, Newcomb, &c.
....

Commence at 7.

tc4,7'\ 4 i 54=1?4,-- A';?;'•'3 sr- ~,,e.
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rf E S UN.
LONDON, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 27, 1862.

From Melito GARIBALDI has already advanced
his insurrectionary movement to Mileto. Nearly
the whole of Calabria Ultra is already in the power
of the Hero's red-shirted Volunteers. It is there, in
the toe of the Italian Boot, that it pinches ! About
eight important towns in that one province alone
are even now in the hands of the Garibaldians—
Melito and Mileto as aforesaid, and with these also
Bora, Oppida, Nicotera, Palmi, Gerace, and Carig-
nano. The Royalist authorities,after putting so bold
a face upon the matier, find that the revolutionary
rising of which the signal was but so very recently
given in Sicily by GARIBALDI, is not so really con-
temptible after all, is decidedly not so easily Fut an
end to, as was predicted. Far and wide throughout
the peninsula the population are astir in sympathy
more or less openly avowed with the outlawed
Hero. In Southern Italy, especially, the flame,
kindled first of all in Sicily—having overleaped the
sea-channel of Messina, borne onwards by the
wind that blew GARIBALDI himself from Catania
to Melito—is spreading northwards from town to
town, until it becomes already evident that General
DELLA MARAIORA will find his work cut out for him
in terrible earnest! Strange work for him truly,
and for many of his associates, both civil and mili-
tary—this work of a reactionary movement as like
as possible to a Counter Revolution.

It ia, of course, within the general recollection
how the RATTAZZI organs at Turin have all along
been asserting that the cause of the Govern-
ment has everywhere triumphed in spite of the
utmost efforts of the Garibaldians—but more par-
ticularly in Sicily. Than the successes achieved in
the King's name throughout Sicily, the world was
veraciously informed, nothing could by possibility
be in any way more entirely satisfactory. Mes-
sina and Palermo were loyal to the core, and in
proof of this were described by the Turin jour-
nalists as in the most exemplary state of
tranquillity. Not only this but Caltanisetta
itself, so long the head-quarters of the Arch-
Traitor, was no sooner evacuated by him and his
followers; the latter were no sooner replaced by the
royal troops than that same rendezvous of rebel-
lion, Caltanisetta, proved to have been peopled all
the while by the foes of General GARIBALDI and
the friends of King VICTOR EMMANUEL ! In this
way the ministerial accounts of the situation ot
affairs in Sicily coming to us via Turin, have been
coloured too deeply with the tinge of the couleur de
rose. The probable result being that the tint will
turn out to be rather that of the couleur de sang—
thus verifying, by a sort of anti-climax, the hue
imparted by Ministers and their partisans to these
official sketches of "the situation."
It looks so very much like a complete restoration
of tranquillity among the Sicilians—the policy now
adopted towards them and their compatriots in the
neighbouring parts of the peninsula by the RATTAZZI
Government ! All Sicily, and since then the whole
Neapolitan Provinces as well—being placed in a
State of Siege!
Not only has General CIALDINI been entrusted
with the powers of a Dictator, in his capacity as
the KING'S Extraordinary Commissioner in Sicily
—but the like has been one in regard to the Nea-
politan Provinces, by the appointment of General
DELLA MARMORA there also as his MAJESTY'S
Commissioner Extraordinary.
Catania, it is true, has no sooner been quitted by
General GARIBALDI, in his caring advance across
the Straits of Messina into Calabria, than Catania
also like Caltanisetta, has been seized by the soldiers
ot VICTOR EMMANUEL. As many as eight hundred
Garibaldians being taken prisoners upon the en-
trance of the Royal troops. As we don't hear of
any bloodshed at Catania upon the occasion of its
capture by the army of the SOVEREIGN, we may
suppose the barricades recently thrown up in its
streets to have been raised there simply as a blind !
Possibly a blind simply to cover the advance—not
the flight, but the advance—of GARIBALDI himself
into Calabria. However, this may have been, and
although Catania seems to have been entered by
the Royal troops without any difficulty whatever—
GARIBALDI having in the meantime got fairly off
to Melito—we can understand how merely partial
is the success of its seizure deemed to be by the
captors, upon noting what was really the first act
that celebrated their entrance into Catania. The
Minister PERSANI, who arrived there with the
soldiery, immediately ordering the arrest of the com-
manders of the two frigates then lying off the port of
Catania! Indignant, of course, at having, through
their remissness, if not through their complicity,
seized upon the cage only after the bird had flown !
Catania was in the hands of the royal troops, but
GARIBALDI was away ! like a royal eagle upon its
new eyrie at Arnett), in that fresh outburst of the
political hurricane, of which MAZZINI is, as usual,
but the Stormy Petrel, flitting across the darken-
ing scene (the veriest bird of ill omen), merely to
disappear into safety while the tempest is at its
height,
GARIBALDI'S flight from Catania to Cala-
, bria is no doubt designed by him rather to emulate
a flight like that of the imperial eagle of NAPOLEON
THE GREAT in 18l -,
when—swooping across the
Mediterranean from Elba to the Gulf of San Juan
—it flew onwards from
we
Tosteeple toot steeple Notre
Dame
et
alighted upon the
Towers GARIBALDI now
beingapaireAsntgoelroe.aclhlrh',t proo-f
course that of the Castle ofss
San
pro-
bability
heaibirleittyurnfrom hasm
ofE reaching Ella
,s
A wa all know. Upon
0
LEON the FIRST had but
to frighten away by the mere terror of his IL cona,
ing," the timorous court retinue of an offeie
race,
headed by a fatneant BOURBON, like King
Toils XVIII! Whereas upon the declaration by
GARIBALDI that he is advancing through Calabria
to the cry of " Rome or Death," the present occu-
pants of the Eternal City evidence a determination
to do any thing rather than take their departure
from it for the purpose of re-embarking for France
at Civita Vecchia. That this could alone be the
effect produced by the untimely enterprise entered
-upon by GARIBALDI in spite of every remonstrance
—everybody but GARIBALDI recognised from
the first moment. So poignantly has the Emperor
of the FRENCH been (piqued by GARIBALDI'S insen-
sate movement) into a dogged determination, coute
qui coute, to retain possession of Rome, that it now
lappears that the recent official note in the Atoniteur,

announcing that to be NAPOLEON'S determination,
was transmitted, not as usual through the office of
the Minister of the Interior, but directly from the
Camp at Chalons, from the hands the EMPEROR
himself ! Marshal M'MAHON and Marshal RANDON
being detained there at the Camp longer than had
been originally intended,in order that theynaight con-
sult with his MAJESTY as to the military measures
most advisable under the circumstances. Nay, more,
than that, two directeurs from the Ministry of War
being summoned hastily from Paris to assist with
the EMPEROR and his two Marshals in the labours
of this little improvised Council of War in the
Camp at Chalons. The Mediterranean Fleet of
France, awaiting just now at Toulon any sudden
orders that may be transmitted thither by the Im-
perial Government ! And active preparations being
made the while for the conveyance of any number
of additional troops that may be required in Central
Italy across to Civita Vecchia.
During the time all which is occurring within
the French frontiers—Austria is said to be meditat-
ing the calling out of 40,000 additional soldiers !
Her army, at present garrisoning the Quadrilateral
and Venetia, numbering even now from 100,000 to
200,000 men !
As to the anti-Garibaldian proceedings of the
Italian Government—those have already been in-
timated to have become at last both resolute and
comprehensive.
The KING'S two Commissioners Extraordinary
for the Two Sicilies"—CinDim for Sicily itself,
and
DELLA MARMORA for the Neapolitan terri-
tory have met at Naples, and have there concerted
their plans. The island of Sicily itself, besides
being in a state of siege, is formally announced to
be Blockaded ! The London Gazette of last even-
ing (as our own columns yesterday intimated in our
Third Edition) formally announcing the receipt
by Earl RUSSELL on the 23d instant of the
official notification of the Blockade. A cir-
cumstance of itself sufficient to account for the
noble lord's hasty return to Richmond from his
holiday excursion in Ireland. And now Naples
itself, and the whole of the Neapolitan Provinces,
are proclaimed to be in a State of Siege, as well as
the whole of Sicily. How the Civil War will go,
exclusively as a Civil War—that is, before the
French soldiers can have anything whatever to do
with it—even that it is bewildering to conjecture.
An anti-Garibaldian course, it is true, is now being
pursued by the Italian Government with appa-
rently the utmost determination. But—the Gari-
baldian movenient is, apparently, at the same
time gaining strength and confidence also ! Later
news than we gave yesterday from Aderno, in
Sicily, shows that, besides the seventeen officers
who had then given in their resignations, others
had rapidly followed their example : so that,
altogether, in that one isolated locality as many as
forty -six of the KING'S officers had thrown up their
commissions, rather than fight against their beloved
and idolized Hero—the Patriot-Chief GARIBALDI !
How far the rest of the Royal army can be relied
upon by the Government remains, of course, to be
seen. One Hope yet remains, even at this most
critical juncture, one last hope that the
threatened struggle of Italian against Italian
may be prevented. And that One Hope is
in GARIBALDI'S patriotic magnanimity. His
patriotism every one knows to be honest. His
magnanimity has become long since a proverb even
amongst his foes. Let him recognise, even at this
eleventh hour, that Italy may in any way benefit
by an act of Self-Sacrifice on his part, and—how-
ever extreme that act may need to be—GARI-
BALDI the Dauntless has greatness of soul enough
at once to make that Sacrifice, and to make it with.
out an instant's hesitation and without a sigh.

The subject of compensation for railway injuries
is one which interests a large number of persons as
shareholders, a great number as actual sufferers,
and the whole public as possible sufferers. It has
naturally figured in the reports of various com-
panies during the last week or two, and, as might
be expected, with hostile comments on the part of
directors, on both the law as it stands, and on its
administration, by juries especially. The audiences
have always been those whose dividends suffer by
the compensations awarded, and must therefore be
expected to sympathise with the language of their
boards. The law has been voted harsh in principle
and juries vindictive in their verdicts.
But as judges wholly impartial between
our shareholding and . our simply travel-
ling readers, let us state our view of the
case. We have at times been disposed to
think the law rather hard on the companies, but
further reflection has compelled us to question
whether in the long run they are losers by it. On
one point all are agreed—that if a company, like
any private individual, causes loss or damage to
another by culpable carelessness, not to say wilful
neglect, it ought to•be responsible for that loss or
damage. All Englishmen will also agree that they
should like that damage to be assessed by a jury of
their countrymen. They know that juries may err,
and may give even preposterous damages in cases of
all kinds, but they also know that if they go far
astray, a new trial can always be obtained, and
neither the companies nor the public would listen
for a moment to any other final appeal on a ques-
tion of damages than the verdict of a jury. We
may pass by, therefore, the law of compensation to
the surviving sufferers and the vindictiveness of
juries as irrelevant. No one objects to the principle
of the law—no one justifies vindictiveness.

But, it is contended, damage to life and person
ought to be compensated on some fixed scale. One
man's life is as valuable as another. Why should
the company pay more for a killed bishop than for
a killed pauper ?—at least, why should not the
compensation be in proportion to the fares paid ?
If a hundred pounds is enough for the life of a man
who pays a penny a mile for travelling, why should
not two hundred pounds be enough for the man
who has paid twopence a mile? Why should a
company be allowed to get off for, we will suppose,
gross negligence, by which a score of artisans are
killed, with a total which would fall far short of
what they must pay for one man who earned a
thousand a year ? and we will suppose, too, in the
latter case, that the Culpability or the negligence
was barely proved. Is this English and equal
justice ? Does it not bear hard on the company
in the latter case, and does it not look like invidi-
ous distinctions between classes?

At first sight it may seem unfair. But let us
see—are we prepared to controvert the principle
of the injurer indemnifying the injured in pro-
portion to tha injury sustained? If not, and we
presume,that Englishmen would agree on this point,
for the denial of this principle would strike at the
root of all compensation public and private—what
test of injury, capable of being measured by a pecu-
niary standard, can be found, but that of the proved
pecuniary loss. The artizan's surviving family are
injured to the extent of his earnings for the
term of years he might be expected to live; the
Bishop's family to the extent of his episcopal
revenue, and so of the professional man, and of
all persons whose incomes come under the fear-
ful sheclule D. We cannot imagine any other
test which a court can make use off. As
we have said, the test may be perversely
applied, so it may in innumerable other cases, bat

against its soundness in principle, and that is all
we ergue for, we are at a Joss to imagine an objec-

tion.

But does the law, in the :long run, for that is the
point, work injuriously to the companies, as a
meeting smarting under the diminution of its divi-
dends in a particular case is apt to imagine. Do
not the companies find their compensation in the
increased caution of their servants, the conse-
quently increased security of their line, and in the
larger traffic brought by security. Shareholders,
boards, and even the salaried managers, will
acknowledge, that fear of the pecuniary penalties
of an accident are a very effective stimulus to
caution. There would on the part of subordinates
be a much greater liability to neglect, and to
running risks, did they not know that their
masters suffered severely by them. The publicity
too of the pecuniary suffering is something. The
cost of the smash of "rolling stock," &c., would
be comparatively unknown. The fear of being
mulcted in thousands of pounds before the eyes
of both the shareholders and the public, is, it must
be acknowledged, a very potent motive to caution.
We all know how habit overcomes the sense of
danger; and railway servants, like workmen on
scaffolds, and sailors, and miners easily become too
familiar with risk for their own safety, as well as
the safety of others. It may seem singular, but we
believe facts bear out the observation, that hun-
dreds of men employed in dangerous occupations
will often think more of risking the loss of their
situation, if they live, than of their life itself. What
might get them turned out of place, with loss of
character, is more operative on the imagination than
the hazard of life; and every railway servant, of
every grade, knows that if he were thought to be
the cause of a costly accident, his subsequent chances
of employment would be small.
But how do these heavy compensations affect the
profits cf railways ? We do not, of course, ask
about the last dividends, but the general and per-
manent profits. If what we have said respecting
the far greater caution and circumspection due to
them be correct—and we think even shareholders
will assent to it—then there will be a considerable
direct saving in their tendency to keep the line in
safe working order, and the prevention of more fre-
quent heavy damage to the company's stock
and plant. Then, again, there is a very large
amount of traffic duo entirely to the security, as
well as the ease and convenience, of railway travel-
ing. As things are, there can be no question that
for chances of safety, no other means of locomotion
can be compared with the railway. The old coach
accidents were, proportionately to the number of
passengers, far more numerous, besides their at-
tracting so much less attention than a railway
" crash." But, let this element of attraction
vanish, and fearful, indeed, would be the effect
on traffic. The immense host of passengers
who take a trip to see friends, or for pleasure,
would dwindle to a much smaller number, travel-
ling by rail would tend to limit itself to cases of
business or necessity; at least all the nervous and
timid wotal stay at home, or go inside some horse-
drawn vehicle, and for shorter distances.

Perhaps many would hardly be disposed to accept
the actuary's view of the case, yet it is a true one.
If sacrifice of life and injury to the person were
common on railways—as common say as fires, or as
death prior to our three score and ten—insurance
to protect against such accidents would become the
rule rather than as now the exception. Even now
we commend the wisdom of those who resort to the
insurance company established to meet such cases,
and have known many instances in which its
aid has been found very welcome. But the
rate of insurance would rise in proportion
to the risk of accident ; while the servants of the
company would have less stimulus to extreme
and unrelaxing caution. Both together would
work for the diminution of railway travelling.
While, if safety, or compensation, were not virtually
guaranteed, fares proportionately low would be
demanded, and must be conceded. Hence the
The Actuary would tell us, no one can insure us
so cheaply as the railway itself. It is in the
companies' power, alone, to reduce the number and
mischief of accidents to a minimum ; on them,
therefore, he would throw it, to include the pre-
mium for the insurance in every fare. It is for
them, he would say, to reckon on the probability
of so many accidents on an average of ten or
twenty years, and to charge accordingly.

Of course all we can say will not reconcile share-
holders to a diminished dividend owing to heavy
compensation, for what they think unavoidable
accidents. Still the considerations we have
suggested may lead them to doubt whether, if they
are permanent holders of Railway Stock, they
would gain much by any alteration of the law
which the general public would tolerate. Perhaps
also it would be well for such of us as have the mis-
fortune to be shareholders suffering in our dividends
to ask what even we should think if we were share-
holders suffering also in person, or suffering the loss
of a peculiarly important member of our family
through an accident on our own Line, Perhaps,
then, like the general public, we should lean
strongly to full compensation.

LATEsr NEW q.

NEAPOLITAN PROVINCES IN
A STATE OF SIEGE.

TURIN, AUG. 25 (Evening).
The Neapolitan Provinces have been proclaimed
in a state of siege.
General Della Marmora has been appointed
Extraordinary Commissioner.

NA Pi ES, AUG. 26.

General Lamarrnora has issued a proclamation,
directed, as he says, against those subversive men
who, under the pretence of hastening the accom-
plishment of Italian unity, have provoked civil war
in Sicily.
The proclamation continues thus:—" General
Garibaldi, their chief, has thrown himself on this
continent, threatening to introduce anarchy. It is
the duty of the Government to crush the rebellion.
A state of siege has therefore been proclaimed.
The commanders of divisions will unite military
and civil powers. All assemblages are to be dis-
persed by force. The exportation and retention of
arms is prohibited. All arms must be given up
within three days. The liberty of the press is re-
stricted."

Tranquillity prevails at Naples.
About 1,000 Garibaldians have disembarked at
Melito.
Generals Cialdini and Pinelli have arrived at
Messina.
General Revel has gone to Reggio.

TOULON, AUG. 27.

The squadron of evolution, under the command
of Admiral Rigault de Genauilly, has left Ajaccio.
Its destination is not yet known.

PARIS, AUG. 26.
La France of this evening declares that great
excitement exists in Calabria.

The towns of Bova, Oppido, Nicotora, Mileto,
Palmi, Gerace, and Carignano have pronounced in
favour of Garibaldi, and others are expected to
follow their example.
A large number of ships which had brought Gari-
baldian Volunteers from Various parts of Italy were
anchored off Gioja.
The division of General Brignone had received
orders to proceed to Calabria immediately.
The Tresse of this evening asserts that Austria
and Spain have addressed a note to the French Go-
vernment on the Roman question.
The same paper says that Austria has determined
to call out 40,000 more soldiers.
The Councils General have been opened. The
Duke de Morny, in his opening speech, abstained
from all mention of politics.

TURIN, AUG. 26.
Garibaldi is still at Mileto. He left Catania
with two postal steamers.
Yesterday the Royal authorities re-entered Ca-
tania, and captured 800 volunteers.
The Minister Persani also arrived in the town,
and immediately ordered the arrest of the com-
mander of the two frigates which were stationed off
the port, on account of his doubtful conduct on the
occasion of the departure of Garibaldi.

NAPLES, AUG. 26.
General Cialdini has left for Sicily, after having

concerted measures with General Della Marmara.

WARSAW, AUG. 26.

The sentence pronounced on Rzonka and Ryll
for attempting the life of the Marquis Wielopol-
ski has been confirmed by the Grand Duke Con-

stantine.
The execution took place at nine o'clock this

morning.

THE BOMBAY MAIL.

SOUTHAMPTON, Auc. 27.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-
ship Ellora, Capt. KeHoek, with the heavy portion
of the above mail has arrived here.

She brings 27 passengers, £541 in specie, and
2,076 packages of cargo, including 839 bales of raw
silk—value £75,000.

On the 20th inst. the Ellora spoke the British
barque Caduccas, steering southeast, and on the
23d the Pera, bound east.

GIBRALTAR, Aug. 22.—Exchange on London, 90
days, 50; on Marseilles, 5.28 ; on Genoa, 5.28 ; on
Cadiz and Malaga, eight days, par; on Madrid, 1
prem. Freights unaltered.