The Sun.
London, England, 1865-12-26 00:00:00

AT CONSIDERABLY REDUCED PRICES.

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DEFORMITIES cured by CHANDLER'S IMPROVED
CHEST-EXPANDING BRACES, for both sexes, of all
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ing the growth, and for promoting health and symmetry of
figure. Price 103. 6d.

K 1 the above instruments are highly recommended by
the leading members of the medical profession. Illustrated
Catalogues forwarded.

MR. H. P. CHANDLER,

Surgical Mechanician, 66, Berners-street, Oxford.-

street. London. W.

HOME for LITTLE BOYS, Tottenham, N.
for the Reception, from all parts of the Kingdom, o
Outcast and Destitute Boys, and those verging on crime
under 10 years of age.
President—ROßEßT HANBURY, Esq., M.P,
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
Stephen Cave, Esq., MX. I Sir S. M. Peto, Bart., M.P.
Henry E. Gurney, Esq. 4 Abel Smith, Esq., M.P.
Samuel Blorky, Esq.
COMM

'TTEE.
Mr Alex. Anderson. Rev. H. M`Sorley.
Mr. E. H. Burrows. Mr. W. J. Maxwell.
Mr. A. D. Chapman. Mr. Alfred Short.
Mr. R F. Gedge. Mr. Robert Sinclair.
Mr. George Moore.
I Mr. E. J. Tabrum.
Mr. Francis Lycett. Mr. R. T. Turnbull.
Treasurer—W. H. Willans, Esq., 78, Basinghall-street. E.O
Honorary Secretary—Mr. A. 0. Charles, LO, Suffolk-street,
P..11-Mall East, S.W.
Bankers—Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Smiths, 1, Lombard-

streei,
The mode of admission to the House is twofold,
Ist. By election of the subscribers. Boys thus admitted
are received free, boarded, clothed, educated, and taught till
they are 11 years 01 age.
With the view 1 o secure the election of the most deserving
cases, the Committe have from the first discouraged canvas-
sing, and they do not print any addresses of the subscribers.
The voting papers contain a description of each case, as care-
fully investigated by the Committee, ant, with this informa-
tion the subscribers are able to judge for themselves as to
those most eligible for free admission.
This Home was opened in April, 1864. It was designed to
take IR the little ones whose charact r and circumstances
disqualify then for the Orphan Asylums, and whose tender
age precludes their admission to the Refuges. Such are those
who, from neglect, are already on the road to ruin. Such are
those who have been deserted by their natural protectors and
left to beecome idle wanderers. Such are those whose
parents may have at one time or other received parish relief,
and who are now friendless orphans. Such are those whose
parents are breakers of the law, or are in prison, and who
train their children in the same path. Such are those whose
evil associations have already had their painful effect, and
must lead them to a life of crime and misery.
There are now 50 little inmates from about four years of
age to 10. There is room for nearly 10‘', and the Committee
would joyfully see the Home filled at once; they only wait
for the necessary subscriptions.
The Committee feel constrained to plead for those who
cannot thus plead for themselves ; and, referring to the cir-
cumstances of some who have been already admitted, they
ask—ls it right to make a widow and her family paupers for
life because one of them (the naughty boy of the family) runs
wild in the streets and is beyond her control? Is it kind to
tell her, because she has so large a family, that you will not
h..lp her to put one of them into a Home, but that they must
ail go into "the house ?" Is it doing the best we can for the
little destitute orphan to send him to the workhouse. Is it
doing to others as we would they should do unto us that wheh
these little ones have unnatural parents who turn them into
the streets, or force them by ill-treatment to "rut. away,"
none of us shou d be found to care for them, to speak a kindly
word to them, to befriend them, to house and clothe th.m ?
Shall we leave them still on the doorstep, passing by on the
other side, or else exclaiming "Am I my brother's
keeper?"
The necessity for an Institution for these little ones is evi-
dent from the police statistics, which show that in London
alone, in one year, no fewer than 311 boys under 10 years of
age, have been apprehended for various offences, 70 of whom
were convicted and punishdd, while the bulk, 232 were dis-
charged by the magistrates with a rebuke, as being too
young to punish, though not too young to learn the beginnings
of crime. On the other hand, there are numbers who, but
for the timely help afforded by such an Institution, must
otherwise become paupers, and losing all ideas of self-reli-
ance and self-help, be permanent burdens to the State.
'!he Home for Little: Boys has, therefore, been established
to rescue the little ones, to save them from the prison on the
one hand, and the workhouse on the other, and to endeavour
to make them useful members of society.
The daily routine of the institution present.; all the fea-
tures of a home, a school, and a workshop. The little ones
are cared for as children ; they have their regular meals,
their suitable clothing, their hours of play and amusement,
and their singing class. They are treated as scholars ; every
morning is devoted to school work—reading, and writing,
end cipherims, and Scriptural instruction, with occasional
lessons in oljects and other subjects. But they are also
trained to work. As they must all, and that at a very early
period in life, earn their living by the sweat of their brow,
they are here at once taughthabits of industry. So the after-
noons are occupied with various industrial occupations—
making brown paper bags for bankers, and white raper bags
for tradesmen, and door mats and servants' kneelers for any
who will buy them ; picking the coil for the mats, mending
the c other, Sto. some assist the master in the garden,
digging, planting, watering, weeding, and so forth. By
degrees they are being made useful in the house, scrubbing
and sweeping, while the elder ones clean all the boots,
knives, &c. In this way it is sought to fit them for an active
working llfe.
2d. By payment of 55. a week, made quarterly in advance.
All children must be under 10 years of age at tho time of
admission. Those received on payment are admitted at any
time, as soon as approved by the Committee,
Forms of application for the admission of children:may be
had at the Home, and of the Honorary Secretary,

STARCH MANUFACTURERS
TO 11. R. IL THE PRINCESS OF WALES.
GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH,
• Used in the Royal Laundry,
AND AWARDED THE PARE MEDAL, 1862.
Sold by all Grocers, Chandlers, &o. &a.
WOTHERSPOON and CO., Glasgow and London.

TEETH AND PAINLESS DENTISTRY.
Messrs. LEWIN and SIMEON MOSEL/ and
SONS, Dentists,
30, Bernet's-street, Oxford-street, and 448, Strand,
Opposite Charing-cross Railway Station.
Their painless artificial teeth are unequalled for economy,
durability, comfort, and all purposes of articulation and mas-
tication. Operations of every -kind being unnecessary, the
most nervous patient can be supplied without fear of pain or
inconvenience.
Consultation free. Teeth flOm ss, Sets from 5 to 25 gs.,
warranted.
For the efficacy, utility, tug success of their system, vide
" Lancet."
Daily attendance at 30, Berners-street, Oxford-street, and
448, Strand, London ; 15, Whitefriargate, Hull 10, Norfolk-
street, Sheffield; 4, East-parade~ Leeds ; and 14, St. Nicholas-
street, Scarbro'.
Observe—Established 1830. NO connection with any of the
same name.

four large breeding ponds, one of which is about 70
f ,!et long by 56 feet wide ; the other three are nearly
of the same dimensions. These ponds are well em-
banked, supported by piles, gravelled, and perfectly
firm and sound ; are admirably adapted for the
purpose, having hard, clean bottoms, mud being
very pernicious and injurious to the growth of the
" spat ;" they are thatched over with fascines (vul-
garly faggots), and secured with galvanised wire;
they have been constructed upon the best prin-
ciple, and supplied with everything necessary to
give success to the undertaking ; they are from
eighteen inches to two feet in depth. They remain
full at the lowest tides, consequently the oysters are
always submerged, and at high water the site of the
ponds can only be discovered by the ash poles which
surround them. A large space of the harbour re-
mains unoccupied at present, but will be filled in as
circumstances may require.
Already a great number of oysters are ripening
and fattening for the market. We have heard it
stated that Whitstable natives, if removed from their
parent soil or water, would not retain their flavour;
we tasted one of these first-rate fish the other day
which had been deposited in Brading Harbour for
some time (we do not know how long), but its
flavour and appearance were unchanged.
At the season at which the " spat" falls any change
in the atmosphere acts unfavourably for the future
product; the oyster likes cleanliness and smoothness,
is fond of oyster shells, perrywinkles, broken crock-
ery, glass, tiles, iron, and wood, upon which it de-
posits its spawn.
Mr. Frank Backland, who is an authority in these
matters, at a late meeting of the British Associa-
tion, expressed his opinion that those who expected
the young oyster to attach itself to the facines would
find it a mistake, as the wood was chiefly useful in
attracting weeds and mud. The French cultivators
tried these facines largely, and Mr. Kulbach showed
us a portion of wood to which a large number of
young oysters were adhering, and which re had him-
self brought from the bay of Brieuc ; this at any rate
proves that wood is not always a failure.
The development of the resources of any locality
is a subject for warm congratulation, whether on
account of its oil, its waters, or its productions. The
peculiarly favourable position of Bracing Har-
bour has presented itself to the experienced eye
of Kulbach for an establishment to carry out the
cultivation of the oyster.
We have already expressed a hope that the specu-
lation may prove successful, and that Mr. Kulbach's
efforts may prove prosperous in a pecuniary sense to
himself, while we feel confident that the Isle of
Wight generally cannot fail to derive advantage
from every commercial or manufacturing establish-
ment founded within its limits.—lsle of Wight Times.

" It is easier to plan retrenchments than to carry
them out. It will be remembered that when
the budget of the War Department recently un-
derwent a slight reduction, the Minister of Ma-
rine, yielding to the pressure of circumstances,
ordered the disarmament of a certain number of
the vessels of our ironclad fleet. But a despatch,
published in our impression of last Wednesday,
mentions as a positive fact the reorganisation of that
fleet upon a new basis. This altogether recent deci-
sion could not fail to be received with favour in OUT
three grand naval ports—Toulon, Brest, and Cher-
bourg.e
mT he
ne
tinhabitants
eneorafoedfffitorhercoeneithphoaoafvrttesottuairele dnm greatestta
re:fiu
sfinally
converge, ldl
arrang
autho-
rities who superintend the construction or the
in-
terest in the country disarming a little as possible.
Itof isth
the
engineers
gsiunreperriss surprising, therefore,
e
Chasseloup-Laubat, towards whom the grievances
converge, have.set their heart upon the adoption of
a very different system than that of disarmament.
We are told that that system will permit the re-
trenchments recognised as indispensable to be made
without in any way compromising the maritime
power of our country. If this were so we should not
be the last to applaud ; but we must be permitted to
doubt it if the details published on the subject by
the papers of the south are to be believed. There
are henceforth to be four squadrons instead of two
—the ironclad squadron of the Channel, assembled
at Cherbourg ; the ironclad Atlantic squadron, at
Brest ; the ironclad Mediterranean squadron, at
Toulon ; and a squadron of reserve, consisting of
four iron-plated frigates. This doubtless does not
form a larger naval force ; but such a division can-
not fail to increase expenses, as we are about to
show. The Channel squadron, consisting of the
two-decked spur-ship of the line Magenta and the
frigates Heroine and Flandre, will leave Cher-
bourg next March for Toulon, in order to take
I part, as has been mentioned, in the trial of a sys-
tem of naval tactics contained in a new treatise by
Vice-Admiral Bouet-Willaumez. Those experi-
ments are all very well ; but to effect them a large
quantity of coal must be burnt. If the ships which
are about to be sent from the Channel to the
Mediterranean had been simply kept in the roadstead
much more considerable saving would certainly have
been effected. The Mediterranean squadron, com-
prising the two-decked spur-vessel Solferino with
the frigates Provence and Savoie, are to receive a
new sort of artillery consisting of 50-pounder guns
mounted on carriages of an improved kind, which
step opens a new chapter of expenditure. As to the
Atlantic squadron, it is not yet formed, and there
is thus no means of effecting savings while ' pushing
forward with the greatest activity' the fitting out
of the frigates Magnanime, Valeureuse, and Gauloise.
Let there be no mistake as to the sense of our ob-
servations. We do not mean to say that it was
wrong to stop the disarming of the French iron-
cased fleet. The fact is evident that France has
allowed herself to be outstripped by England in
atters of artillery. The French types of armour-

plating pierced through with portholes have been
an error for which the country has paid dearly, and
which will still cost much more money. But the
harm has been done, and must be repaired. The
creation of the reserve squadron is the consequence
of another error which has affected the nautical
qualities of several of the French frigates, and which
was made apparent by the last voyage of the experi-
mental fleet. The forming of a fourth squadron
was therefore found necessary ; it is composed of
the Couronne, Normandie, Gloire, and Invincible,
which vessels will now be rarely sent to the open
sea, but will serve for the trial of heavy artillery
near the coasts. And since we arc speaking of the
late cruise of the squadron of evolutions, let us give
some details which are but little known to the Public.
During the night of the 13th November last, the
Mediterranean fleet was on its way from Ajaccio to
Toulon, with a strong breeze from north-east. The
wind was favourable, butthe sea of the Gulf of Genoa
is trying, and the result was a serious damage to
some of the iron-cased frigates. While the steam
despatch boat Caton, built on the old system, and the
Admiral's ship Solferino (plated in the middle only,
and vulnerable at the two extremities), bore them-
selves with ease, the Couronne, Gloire, Provence,
and invincible suffered greatly. The first of those
armour-plated frigates lost all her outside boats, one
of which, striking the deck of the vessel, killed one
man and wounded several others. The Gloire gave
rise to great uneasiness from the quantities of water
she shipped in rolling. The Provence lost two boats,
and the Invincible, being iu serious danger, was
obliged to abandon her post and run to the coast for
shelter. Similar incidents had already occurred
last summer. In fine, two years ago, on the occa-
sion of the experiments made in September and
October, 1863, by the French iron-cased ships, the
nautical defects of those frigates had been ascer-
tained. A committee, presided over by Vice-
Admiral Panaud, followed with much attention the
comparative experiments executed at that period
between the coast of France and the Canary Isles.
That body did not dissimulate the defects observed
during the voyage ; but the country was not allowed
to read the report of its servants. An article, care-
fully written, and published shortly after in one of
the principal reviews, instead of enlightening the
public, only showed things in a light favourable to
the error which had been committed. Thus, instead
of being able at the present moment to enter on that
course of saving so often spoken of, a necessity
exists of studying the subject further and incurring
fresh expenses. In fact the absolute want of con-
trol has allowed the Ministry, of Marine to go astray
by fellowing almost exclusively the views of M.
Dupuy-de-Lome. The admitted talent of that
engineer is not here brought into question. But to
confide to the same person the triple task of con-
structor, artillery officer, and seaman was an error.
In the first of those duties alone M. Dupuy-de-
Lome is free from reproach. The movement which
has been decided on in the French naval force was
constantly required, but no one can be persuaded
that the result will be an economy.

what proved to be the Blackwater Bank. No sound-
ing were taken either before or after the disaster.
The engines were ordered to be reversed, but became
at once disabled, and they proceeded to get out the
boats. In a few hours the ship parted in two.
Twenty-five persons were eventually saved, of whom
four were taken from the mizen rigging on the after
noon of the 7th, by the Rosslare lifeboat, after 27
hours' exposure. The captain, first mate, and four
other persons took refuge on the forecastle, from
whence they were seen by the men on the mizen rig-
ging to be washed away about noon. This is the fourth
inquiry into casualties to vessels which have struck
upon the Irish coast within the last few weeks ; and
though in one case before the same court the evidence
was such that no positive conclusion could be arrived
at as to the cause of loss, there can be no doubt that
in two of the cases, and in this, the disaster arose from
bad navigation, and a total neglect of the lead. This
is not a question of either tides or lights or com-
passes. If the whole eastern coast of Ireland was
made to bristle with lights, and masters of vessels
still continued to persist in steering a westerly instead
of a southerly course after rounding the South Stack,
and before they are clear of the Tuskar, while a
channelbetween 30 and 40 mileswide in its narrowest
part is open to them, these casualties will continually
occur, and the morse so if, when indications of dan-
ger appear, the lead, which is, or ought to be, always
at hand, is utterly disregarded as if it were useless
lumber. In this case it is almost incredible that the
low light on the Arklow Lightship should have been
taken for the Tuskar, as there is a considerable dif-
ference in the revolutions of the two lights ; or the
bright light of the Blackwater for that of the
Saltees, which exhibits two lights, especially when
they ought to have known, from the course and dis-
tance run from the Stack, it was utterly impossible
they could have been near the Tuskar. Nor
would any allowance for tide make an error of
above thirty miles in their calculation, in so short
a period of time, as to account for the position in
which they supposed themselves to be when the cap-
tain shaped a course to the W.S.W., under the be-
lief that he had passed the Tuskar, and was then
rounding the Saltees. While my assessors and I feel
it to be an imperative duty, in the interest of public
safety, to speak thus plainly, and to point out as
clearly as pozzible the. errors which have caused the
loss of so many vessels, and, in this instance, have
produced so lamentable a loss of life, we cannot but
regret that we are compelled to say anything which
may call in question the seamanship of men who
have lost their lives in the catastrophe, and cannot
be heard in their own defence. The evidence of the
survivors is, however, too conclusive to leave a doubt
on our minds that the Barbadian was lost by a re-
petition of the fatal error of bearing away to the
westward too soon and disregarding the lead. In
the course of the inquiry it transpired that the Bar-
badian sailed without the requisite certificate under
the Merchant Shipping Act, 1854, for vessels carry-
ing passengers; but it was explained that the ship
had been surveyed and re-swung to adjust:compasses,
and the usual declaration had been made, but not
exchanged for the certificate of the Board of Trade.
As this circumstance has been already brought to
the knowledge of the Board, it is only necessary for
me thus incidentally to allude to it, as it has no
bearing on the loss of the ship.—l have the honour
o be, &c.,
T. S. RAFFLES, Police Magistrate.
Liverpool, Dec. 21, 1865.
We concur in this report.
Hr. HARRIS, Nautical Assessors.
EDWARD FIGHT,

Our Relations with England.

The portion of the President's Message referring to our
relations with England was received in Congress with.
emphatic and unanimous applause. That portion of the
Message simply recites the hostile acts committed against
us by Great Britain during the recent war, and concludes
with the significant remark that, "for the future friendship
between the two countries must rest on the basis of mutual
justice." From this remark we infer—and England may
as well accept the same construction—that there is to be
no friendship between the two countries for the future
until full justice is done us for the injuries inflicted during
the recent rebellion. If we do not choose to go to war
at present, that is no reason why we should either forget
or forgive the many wrongs which we have suffered, and
which the President clearly and succinctly recites. The
aeastne;
ar materialsthen r
aot fhvawat
ga
der
isds eonfnott t
Britishoe
x it sht e—priterhba
sel
ass
formal accordance of belligerent rights to tho insurgent
fsailing
; Britishutnh dee
rs
mut supplies
flag
cotfoorfmi
outrages upon the United States demand compensation and
apology at the hands; of the British Government ; and
since even arbitration has been refused, they fully justify
us in declaring war against Great Britain, although we
shall consult our own convenience as to the time when
war is to be declared. Under those circumstances the
President's stern and menacing tone towards England is
exceedingly appropriate, and it is unanimously endorsed,
approved, and re-echoed by the country.
A quotation from the New York correspondence of the
London Spectator, published in these columns on Wednes-
day, shows that our interpretation of the President's re-
mark in regard to our relations with England is quite cor-
rect. This correspondence gives the details of a,
conversation with Secretary Seward, in which Mr. Seward
said that he had told Sir Frederick Bruce, the British
Minister, that "the way towards anything more than the
present relations of more formal amity between the two
peoples and Governments must be led by the British people
and the British Government. If the British were content
with our present attitude towards each other, we were ;
but if any change were made in it for the better it must be
of British making." Mr. Seward added that "we were the
aggrieved party," and that "it was not for us to seek a re-
conciliation." He concluded this verbal despatch to Sir
Frederick Bruce by stating that "nothing could be ex-
pected from us but to stand upon punctilio, as well as upon
our essential rights, and insist upon both in the minutest
particular," and that "this was as far as the people of this
country would allow any Administration to go in that
direction"— meaning in the direction of conciliation. Mr,
Seward, is quite right in this statement. Indeed he might
have explained that it is with the greatest difficulty that
the American people are induced to be satisfied with even
a "formal amity" towards a Government which has in-
sulted us so grossly, injured us so wantonly, and refused
reparation so impudently and unjustly. Beyond all ques-
tion a war with England would be most popular, and had
net President Johnson wisely resolved to settle upall our
internal difficulties before dealing with our
i foreign rela-
tions, and had not the people acquiesced n his decision
because of their confidence in his patriotism and ability,
the recent Message would certainly have contained a de-
claration of war. But we know that we shall lose nothing
by waiting. Neither the debt that England owes us nor
our power to collect it will be lessened by time. And
Canada will-not move out of our reach in the meanwhile.
New York .Herald.

THE LATEST EDITION of " TIIE SUN."
J. ijo LAIES begs to inform his friends, and the pubickeuerally. tte.t, he supplies the LATEST EDITIoN
of
r: THE aUN " as soon as published —No. 16, Hampstead-
road, N. W.