The Sun.
London, England, 1865-10-13 00:00:00

THE SUB, LONDON, FRIDAY hVENIING, OCTOBER 13, 1865.

HOUSES.—Messrs. TOPLIS and ROBERTS
have numerous furnished and unfurnished TOWN,
uourban, acid Country RI SIDENOES to LhT or SELL..
Pariculars forwarded for three stamps, upon stating exact
requirement a ind rent.ll. Offices, 2, l.onduit-street, Regent-
street, and south Kensington, facing the Museum.

SOUTH KENSO GTON, HYDE-PARK,
Queen's, and Rutland Gates, Queen's-gate and Peters-
ham Terraces, Queen's-gate, Cornwall, and Princes Gardens.
Eltraston-place, Cromwell-rosd, Onslow and Thurloe Squares,
Boltons. &c. Messrs TOPL Li and ROBE ItTS have RE
DEN CES to SELL and LET in these and surrounding
localities. Offices, 2, Conduit-street, Regent-street, and
South Kensington, facing the Museum.

THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.-
M anagers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton.

THIS EVENING the performances will commence with
Shakspere's Tragedy of MAI BETH. Mr. Phelps ; Messrs.
T. Swinbounie, U. Vanaenhoff; J. Neville; Miss Aiklnson,

'lO conclude with Milton's Mask of COMUS. Messrs.
n 4 nil Drayton, Wilbye Copper; 31iss Poole, Alms Augusta
Thomson, &c. .

Commence at 7.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.—
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Bucastone.
This Theatre is now OPEN for the season.
TIII9 EVENING, EASY S lIAVIN(i. Miss Louise Keeley,
Miss Fanny WI ight, ac
Atier which, USED UP. Mr. Charles Mathews, Mr. Howe,
Miss Neill, Moore, Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam.
Followed by THE GOLDEN FLEECE, Mr. and Mrs.
Charles Mathews, Miss Louise Keeley, Mr. Compton.
Concluding with THE BALLET. Messrs. Arthur and
Charles Leclercq. Miss Fanny right, Miss C. Adams, and
the Corps de Ballet.
The Box-office will be open daily, from 10 till 5.
Commence at Seven.

NEW THEATRE-ROYAL ADELPHI
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
THIS EVENING, at 7, GOOD FOR. NOTHING. Mrs
Alfred Mellon and Mr. Felix Rogers. - _ _

--•-
After which, at 8, RIP VAN WINKLE. Rip (his 35th
appearance), Mr. Jefferson. supported by Messrs. Billington,
P. Bedford, It Phillips, Eelix 'toga's, Ashley, liburne, C. J.
Smith; Mrs. Biltingtor, &c.
To c nclude, at halt-pa•t 10, with THE WIDOW'S
VICTIM. Messrs Bildngton, Felix Rogers, Ashley • Miss
Godsell, Miss seaman, and. fuss Jenny Willmore.,

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining.
Tins EVENING, at 7 olclock, IT IS NEVER TOO
LATE TO MEND. t haracters by Messrs. Vining. T. Mel-
ville, T. Mead, D. Murray, n. Caihaem, F. Vii iers, J. G.
Shore, G Murray, B. 11.4.0 n, C. Seyt 42, R. Cathcart; Miss
L. Moore and Miss Katherine Rodgers.

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road, N.W.

TEETH AND PAINLESS DENTISTRY.
Messrs. LEWIN and SIMEON MOSELY and

SONS, Dentists,
30, Berners-street, Oxford-street, and 448, Strand,
Opposite Charing-cross Hallway Station.
Their painless artificial tee,h are unequalled for economy,
durability, comfort, and all purposes of articulation and mas-
tication. Operations of every kind being unnecessary, the
most nervous patient can be supplied without fear of pain or
inconvenience.
Consultation free. Teeth from ss, Sets from 5 to 25 gs.,
warranted.
For the efficacy, utility, and success of their system, vide
" Lancet." . _ _

Daily attendance at 30, Berners-street,'Oxiord-street, and
448, Strand, London; 15, Whitelriargate, Hull; 10, orfola-
street, Sheffield; 4, East-parade, Leeds; and 14, St.Nichnlas-
street, Satrbro'.

Obs'erve—Eatablimhed 1830. No connection with any of the
same name.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tars DAY.—Morning, Bh. 40m.—Afternoon, 9h. 20m.
Ta-Monßow.-Morning, 9h. 58m.—Afternoon, 10h. 40w.

tiIeS9LiNL, tk_ tijg

LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1865.

____._____

An agricultural meeting at which any of the great
political leaders of the day are present usually rises
above the level of mere local detail to the discussion
of matters of general importance, and certainly a
banquet at which Mr. DISRAELI Lis a guest is not
likely to prove the exception. Accordingly, at the
annual gathering of the Amersham and Chesham
Agricultural Association, the principal address,
although exclusively upon agricultural topics, was
by no means devoid of general interest, since it en-
tered upon a wide area and took an enlarged view
of the subjects brought forward. Foremost amongst
these was the great question of farm leases, which
was mentioned by a tenant farmer, who, in return-
ing thanks for a toast, described the present system
as a state of serfdom, The question is, no doubt,
surrounded by many very great difficulties ; there
are rival interests and conflicting claims, and
opposing wishes and prejudices. Mr. DISRAELI,
though naturally disposed to look more from the
landlords' side of the question, is by no means in-
sensible to the claims of the farmers. He upholds
the principle of tenant-right, and considers that it is
the duty of the landlord to make all permanent
improvements. The great difficulty respect-
ing leases, he thinks, is the question of the
length of the lease. The tenant will object to
a short lease and the landlord to a long
one. Independently of other considerations the
landlord thinks it very probable that the value of
his land will increase during a number of years, and
therefore he wishes to make an arrangement to raise
the rent periodically. But the tenant, on his side,
very naturally objects to this, not knowing what
bad harvests, cattle diseases, or other casualties may
be in store. Mr. DISRAELI'S solution of the matter
is that the arrangements for the tenure of land must
vary in different counties and in different soils, and
that it is not desirable, or indeed possible, to lay
down abstract principles on the subject. But the
objection to this is, that according to the present
uncertain method the farmers are placed in a most
unsatisfactory position. They are usually set down
rightly or wrongly as a discontented class, but in
this instance they have a very substantial cause of
complaint. They have not the same facilities for
making their grievances heard or heeded as their
fellow-subjects in the towns. They are more scat-
tered, and less in the habit of putting their case
before the world, so that unless during some great
party struggle in which political feeling is excited,
and during which they can find plenty of
spokesmen and advocates, the farmer's troubles are
very apt to remain unrepresented. But it is un-
doubtedly a great hardship that a man who is pre-
pared to invest his capital and expend his time, his
labour, and his energies on his farms should have
no security for a profitable return. Tenant right,
though sound in principle, does not meet the jus-
tice of the case ; because, according to it a man at
fifty may start in the world no richer than he was
at thirty without the substantial result of his labour,
and care and thought. There is another aspect
of the case in which the short lease or the
uncertain tenancy prove very detrimental to the
interests of the fanner, and that is in a political
sense. The tenant fanner without a lease is at his
landlord's mercy. Ile is bound to vote according
to his dictation, and if he crosses his landlord's
political path, he may expect a notice to quit.
With the prospect of the close of his term near at ,
band he must certainly be a bold man if he can call
his vote his own. All landlords may not prove
despotic in this respect, but it is notorious that the I
tenants usually find it most prudent to adopt their
landlord's political views. Long leases in the '
country would have the same effect as the ballot in
towns, and therefore they are both very unwelcome.
The one would serve as a protection against the un-
scrupulous exercise of territorial influence, the other
would to a great extent disarm corruption. It is
not surprising then that both reforms should meet

with a very strong and united opposition. Mr.
DISRAELI'S opinions on the condition of agricultural
labourers and their cottages are always worth hear-
ing, for it is a subject on which the author of
" Sybil " is particularly well informed. He has
always upheld the system of giving rewards for long
service and good conduct to labouring men, and he
referred to this question the other evening. There
has been a good deal of ridicule directed against
the plan, and many objections raised to it, but Mr.
DISRAELI remarked very sensibly that it was a
mistake for wealthy citizens to ridicule the small-

ness of the sum bestowed, since it was of
considerable consequence to the agricultural
labourer. " Recollect," he said, " that you must
estimate the value of a reward of £3 to a
labourer with 12s. a-week represents a sum equi-
valent to £5OO or £6OO to a gentleman with £5,000
a-year. Now, I have observed that gentlemen in
the receipt of £5,000 a-year are not absolutely in-
different to the chance of receiving £5OO extra."
Even working men in towns with good wages, if
they are steady men, with families, would find £3
very acceptable. There is, besides, the natural
pride and gratification which every man feels at
being singled out above his fellows for
meritorious conduct. Prizes and rewards,
and honorary decorations of all kinds are
by no means despised in the educated ranks, and
why should we suppose the agricultural labourers
to be either superior or insensible to the things
which attract other men? As far as skill in handi-
craft is concerned, there can be no question about
the propriety of giving rewards, since our inter-
national exhibitions themselves adopt the principle
of medals and certificates. The notion of giving
prizes for the best kept cottages and gardens was a
very useful one, and it is only to be regretted that
what Mr. DISRAELI calls " domestic difficulties"
interfere with the prize for the best kept cottage.
The reward for the best garden, however,
suffers from no such drawbacks, and the whole
tenour of such prizes and encouragements is to
elevate the labouring class above the sordid and
degraded state into which the lower and lass edu-
cated ranks are apt to sink, and to induce them to take
the same pride in keeping their cottages respectable
and home like that is felt by thrifty housewives a
step.or two above them. One great step towards
the cultivation of cleanly and respectable habits
among the agricultural labourers would be the
improvement in the cottages. This must be
done by the landlord, and need necessitate
no very great outlay, if he does not aim at the plate-
glass porches and other supernumeraries which Mr.
DISRAELI tells us of. The landowners will un-
doubtedly find it in the end their best policy to
consult the interests of their farmers and their
labourers, since, if the farmers are fairly and
liberally treated and feel confidence in the security
of their tenure, they will devote all their energies to
the improvement of the land and the consequent
raising of the value of their landlord's pro-
perty. If the labourers are properly cared
for by their employer, and find decent and
comfortable habitations, they will work better
have better health and strength, support their
families, and not burden the rates. We apprehend
that in this as in all other cases a selfish policy is
also a shortsighted one, and that the hard and
exacting landlord will find himself in the end in a
much worse position than he who shows libe-
rality to his tenants and consideration for their
labourers.

The Social Science Congress has presented
various topics of interest during its course, and the
thinking portion of the public may still for some

time to come find subjects of importance to dwell
upon by referring to what transpired there. Among
the themes most vital to the community may be
mentioned that of Dr. LANKESTER, who delivered
an address upon Health. No more appropriate
selection could have been made at this especial
juncture, when ignorance of the fundamental laws
of health and gross neglect of all necessaryzaultarr
measures combine to produce such great evils,
and to exercise so deplorable an influence
upon the welfare of the community. Dr. LAN-
KESTER is, of course, an undoubted authority
upon such matters, and all that he says on the sub-
ject should be listened to with respect and attention.
In the remarks that he made in this address we may
find much to give rise to reflection, and to impart
valuable information, as he truly remarked, at the
present epoch. Some circumstances tended to throw
gravity over the consideration of this question, and
to these he especially directed his attention. The
distress and dismay occasioned by the " presence of
the cholera on the continent of Europe, and the
extensive prevalence of the Siberian cattle plague in
England," overshadow all other questions. At the
present time, although otherwise they are not all of
a minor nature, one advantage derived from the
advent of these and other serious calamities is that
people must think, and the weight of responsibility
is so far divided that it does not rest entirely with
the thoughtful few, but the careless. Many are
compelled to bestir themselves and to take some heed
to their ways, and rules are observed through fear in
a period of panic that all the knowledge afforded
by encyclopaedias, and the maxims of a host of
sages, could not otherwise have enforced.

Dr. LANKESTER thinks that the extreme views of
either school are wrong, one of which affirms that
the " great mass of zymotic diseases are pro-
duced by special poisons," and the other does not
believe in the existence of "special poisons," but
maintains that all the evil is produced by certain
general conditions of sanitary neglect and dirt.
These " contagionists" and " anti-contagionists" are
doubtless very likely to carrytheir views to extremes,
and thus they confuse the simple and bewilder the
nervous, without doing any real good, or imparting
sound practical knowledge, which is of far more
avail than any of their abstract notions and hard
doctrines. Dr. LANKESTER'S conclusion is the wisest,
and the best, and it would be well if both sides
would sink their prejudices at this critical time, and
pay attention to such useful hints. He advocates
the adoption of a medium course, and declares that
we should believe in contagion, and yet act as if
" all depended on the removal of the general exter-
nal agencies of disease ; and, while believing in the
spontaneous origin of diseases in dirt, we should yet
do all to avert the possibility of their propagation
by contagion." If such a course were pursued by
the community at large, no doubt the happiest re-
sults would follow, and there would be this crown-
ing excuse for rejoicing, that while those immedi-
ately around us are benefited, improvements are
being made that will be handed down from genera-
tion to generation, for the immediate effects of
sanitary changes are not so great as the more distant
ones, for the harm which has been occasioned by
the neglect of necessary measures of prevention
must be felt for some time to come in the injured
health of many adults and infants. Zymotic and
pneumatic diseases carry off annually as many as a
hundred thousand of our'population, and hence it
is surely not out of place to consider their origin
and watch their progress.

Dr. LANKESTER dwelt strongly upon the
importance of " vaccination," and truly de-
clared that it was the great triumph " of modern
civilisation, for they knew that in nine cases out 01

ten those who are vaccinated cannot take the
disease." Too much cannot be said upon this
subject, for it is a melancholy fact that the
greatest indifference prevails on this topic,
and the poorer classes especially take any
opportunity of evading the law, thus inflicting
serious injuries upon themselves, and spreading
disease among the community. The subject of
predisposition is another that may reasonably en-
gage attention, and Dr. LANKESTER stated many
cases in which " certain external conditions will
work upon the human frame so as to predispose it to
certain forms of disease." It is well to study these
in order that they may be avoided, and thus all
ranks may learn how best to preserve their lives, in
order to effect the greatest amount of good to
their fellow-creatures, and to work out their
mission to the utmost of their power. The
poor and the employers of the labouring classes,
mechanics, artisans, &c., may thus think on
what is here said of typhus, " and the causes which
lead to its fatal spread. Close, ill-ventilated rooms
are most pernicious, and the badly-fed, or under-
fed, are most prone to relapsing fever," while the
more educated and intelligent classes run risks
from their over care and over work. " The anxiety
of the student, the statesman, and the prince, may
undermine his health, and render him a ready vic-
tim for the poison that lies concealed like a snake in
his path." In the present day these truths can-
not be taken too much to heart, for it is
the great failing of our present system of civilisation
is that no time is allowed for rest. Rapid travelling,
speedy communication of news, and war, keep the
mind constantly in action as well as the body, in
many cases, and premature decay and sudden
death are the consequences of this crusade against
the laws of nature. Too much attention cannot be
paid to those vital truths, and this address of Dr.
LANKESTER'S brings the subject home to us in so
earnest and impressive a manner that those who
run may read. Foolish fears, and unmeaning pre-
cautions are to be avoided, but due care and atten-
tion are desirable, and those who neglect their
health and the care of those under them are guilty
of great wrong, which is alike inexcusable and per-
nicious in its effects.

Ascent of the Balloon Research.

-0.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Srn,—The successful ascent of my restored bal-
loon, and one which was made under the most un-
favourable circumstances as to weather, is an event
connected with aerostatics deserving, perhaps, of
notice. In front of the centre transept of the
Crystal Palace, with ten persons in the car and
ballast equal to about the weight of twelve persons
more, my great balloon ascended at 4.30 on Mon-
day last.
Although it rained heavily during the afternoon I
proceeded with the inflation, fully convinced that
the numerous seams and cress seams would add to
the strength of the Research rather than diminish it.
Two scientific gentlemen of eminence were await-
ing a telegram to commence a new series of experi-
ments, but I requested them, owing to the unpro-
pitious weather, to defer their observations for a
a forthcoming special ascent.
Several officers and gentlemen were present, de-
sirous of continuing their patronage of aerostation,
and I took with me Captain T. Leslie, of the Royal
Horse Guards ; Captain Woodgate and Mr. Bos-
well; Mr. Dumas and friend; Mr. C. Spencer, Mr.
Daly, and other gentlemen.
The lower cloud, one widespread mass, hung
heavily over the Crystal Palace, and the tops of the

,owers were partially obscured before we left the

grounds.

In less than one minute we were lost to sight.
The balloon rose slowly until it entered a stratum
of leaden-looking vapour, which was visibly darker
than that which we had passed through.
No sooner did the top of the Research enter this
nimbus than water poured downwards in a circular
sheet, and from its apparent distance from the car
it was just the semi-diameter of the balloon. Pre-
viously the rain ran down the sides of the balloon
and covered us by shooting down the neck ; so
that here, in one of the darkest clouds I had ever
passed through, it was evident we had entered

tho rcry fountain of rainfall. Knowing that the
weight of the balloon would be increased a hun-
dredweight or two, I requested six gentlemen to
be prepared with ballast bags, but before taking a
turn we struggled upwards 500 ft., according to two
excellent aneroid barometers, and during that pas-
sage the temperature decreased 6 deg.
We soon began to descend rapidly. The visitors
in the Palace grounds could perceive the balloon
before we obtained a glimpse of the earth, and they
feared we should come down to the ground, but
after Nos. 1,2, 3,4, and 5 had respectively delivered
their sand the tremendous weight of water encoun-
tered was equipoised to a nicety, and we were brought
to a standstill.

I found that we were now only 200 feet from the
earth, and that the balloon had performed a com-
plete circle from the place of starting. The North
Tower appeared to be the axis upon which we had
turned. Again we rose, and on entering the line of
dark cloud I requested the passengers to be motion-
less, as I observed a peculiar vibratory motion of
the balloon and car, such as accompanies its passage
from still air to an aerial wave of wind and storm.
I inferred that we were either entering a fresh cur-
rent or moving upwards in a spiral motion, and
when we again descended, and found that we had
made another sweep round the North Tower it was
clear that a miniature cyclone prevailed, and that
we were wearing away in circles and not in the cus-
tomary straight course of movement.
The first gyration took us in a north-westerly
direction—at least we found ourselves in that line
when we sighted the earth, as we were going in the
lower current towards the west-end. On making
the, second descent we were over Forest-hill, moving
to the north-east.

We again charged the drenching cloud and broke
through it at 1,700 feet high, where a greyish uni-
form fog prevailed, which shed minute drops of rain.
On getting 3,000 feet elevation we decided that as
there was little enjoyment to be had it was better
to cast about for a landing place.
When we dipped again into the dense rain cloud
and received bucketsfull of water, no one was sorry
when the falling water, like falling sand, dissipated
itself into those moderate-sized particles such as
surrounded us before starting. I have frequently
noticed that under opposite states of cloud-forma-
tion rain begins high up in fine drops, and a
coalition appears to take place before it reaches the
ground, but on October the 9th we were deluged at
1,500 feat high, and at 500 feet over Sydenham hills
it altered to small by degrees, and then beautifully
less.

We alighted very gently on the property of Mr.
Peter H. Desvignes, of Lewisham, and fortunate
indeed were we in meeting with such a friend, for
not only were creature comforts provided, but dry
clothing, and, what is more, a scientific entertain-
ment such as only scientific men can give.—l re-
main, obediently yours, HENRY COXWELL.
2, Moselle-villas, Tottenham.

A CHILD FOUND AT THE LONDON-BRIDGE RAIL-
WAY STATIoN.- -Yesterday afternoon Mr. W. J.
Payne, the deputy-coroner, held an inquiry at the St. Olave's
Vestry-room, Tooloy-street, Borough, respecting the death
of a female child, fonnd dead in the ladies' waiting-room of
the South-Eastern Railway Station at London-bridge. It
was wrapped in a piece of glazed lining that had formed
part of a lady's dress, and a number of a sporting paper,
bearing date September 24, 1864. The detectives connected
with the railway had been engaged in investigating the
affair, but up to the present time they had discovered no
clue as to who the guilty parties were who left the child
there. Mr. Charles White, M.R.C.S., of 69, Tooley-street,
said the child had been alive, and had lived for some
minutes at the very least. It had not been dead more than
24 hours. The cause of its death was wilful neglect. The
coroner having summed up, the jury retw.nod a verdict—
" That the deceased child was found dead in a Srst-class
waiting-room at the London-bridge Railway Station ; but
whether it expired from wilful neglect or not, there is not
Nalcielat evidence to pro Te."

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUT2R'S TELEGRAMS.)

AMERICA.
(Per the Damascus, via Greencastle.)
NEW YORK, SEPT. 30 (Evening).

Money easy G old , 1441. Exchange on Lon-
don, 1571 ; on Paris, 3.571. Stocks steady—New
York Centrals, 96; Illinois,l29; Erie, 88; 5-20 Bonds,
1078. Cotton slightly firmer. Middling Upland,
45. Flour advancing. Wheat and corn slightly
firmer. Provisions hevy. Coffee quiet. Sugar,
good inquiry. Molasses steady. Petroleum, good
inquiry ; crude, 40 ; refined, 63 65.

AUSTRALIA.
FALMOUTH, OCT. 13.

The Lincolnshire, front Melbourne, on the 22d
July, has arrived of this port, with £282,000 in
gold.

She landed a mail and some passengers here.

WEST INDIA AND PACIFIC MAILS.
SOUTHAMPTON, OCT. 13.
The Royal Mail Company's steamship Atrato,
with the above mails, has arrived here. She brings
71 passengers, $85,805 in specie, pearls, and jewel-
lery to the value of $1,282, and 1,389 packages of
cargo, chiefly consisting of cotton, cochineal, sar-
saparilla, and indigo.
The Atrato left St. Thomas on the 29th ult.
On the 11th inst. passed the barque Alice Thomas,
of Yarmouth, bound east, and on the 12th ex-
changed signals with a Dutch brig, showing No. 28.
In Chili Congress continued to be occupied with
reforming the constitution, and several important
judicial improvements had been effected.
It had been proposed in the Chamber of Deputies
to establish an import duty, recoverable by the
Custom-house at .Valparaiso, of 10 cents. per ton
register on all shipping entering Valparaiso harbour,
for the maintenance of the charitable hospitals
under Government charge. Ships of war and ves-
sels putting in in distress are to be exempt.
Trade was satisfactory, and the Custom-house
returns show an increase of three hundred thousand
dollars for duties paid during the last seven months
over the corresponding period last year.
Nine cargoes of coals had arrived at Valparaiso,
and had been sold at from 9 to 10 dollars per ton.
For nitrate there was an active demand. 130,000
gls. had been sold at 1 dollar 72 cents. Copper
had slightly declined. Freights ruled lower.
Freight for copper, 475. 6d. ; nitrate, £3. Ex-
change on London, 454 d. to 46d.
In Peru political matters are no nearer a settle-
ment. The revolutionary force in the valley of
Janja had marched down towards the coast to com-
bine with the forces near Pisco. The revolutionary
army, under Colonel Balta, was able to maintain
its position in the mountain passes, and the
Government force could not assail it. With the
assistance of three vessels Colonel Balta got his
army out of Huanchaco, and joined the forces at
Pisco. It was expected that the revolutionists
would soon march on Lima.

The people of Arequipa were in favour of the
regular government being restored. Montero re-
tains possession of the Chinchas, but loading vessels
regularly chartered in England or the United State
were not interfered with. The removal of guano

for Cuba or China was not allowed without pay-
ment. Trade continued depressed. The loading
and unloading of vessels was sadly hindered by the
Government impressing labourers for the army and
navy. Exchange was quoted 37 pence.
The Spanish fleet had left the Peruvian waters
for Chili, it was supposed for the purpose of ex-
acting from the Republic such terms as were calcu-
lated to indemnify Spain for the extraordinary ex-
penses she has incurred on the coast since the
expedition made its appearance there.

At Santa Martha a general revolutionary move-
ment throughout the republic was expected against
the present administration. The latest accounts
represent the capital in danger. Considerable ex-
citement prevailed. Fuentes was in possession of
Rio Hache, and threatened to invade and take
Santa Martha. The residents were leaving in
dread for Barranquilla.
The British Vice-Consul, fearing an outbreak,
sent to Jamaica for a vessel of war to protect
British interests.

The Government of Salvador had tried ex-Pre-
sident General Barrios by Court Martial, which
sentenced him to be shot. The execution took
place on the 29th August.
the Salvadorian authorities considered the death
of Barrios necessary for the peace of the Republic.
In Nicaragua this proceeding has caused gene-
ral dissatisfaction against Salvador, as the former
Republic delivered up Barrios on condition that his
life should be spared. The affair was expected to
lead to war between the two republics.
The death of Barrios was received in Panama
with profound regret and expression of horror from
both natives and foreigners.

Peace had been re-established in Honduras, and
the Government was devoting its attention to the
advancement of agriculture and the general progress
of the country.
In Costa Rica the people were occupied with the
coming Presidential election.

Trade was dull at Demerara.
coming forward more freely, and an improvement
was expected. The weather was fine, and freights
were unchanged. Sugar, 21d, to 24d. ; rum, 3d.
to London and Liverpool.
The weather at Jamaica was favourable, and
provisions were abundant. The public health was
good, and trade was dull. The sales of sugar
went off at 6d. for dark, 17d. for ordinary, 18d. to
to 20d. for middling to fair. In coffee small sales
have been effected at 50s. Exchange on London,
90 days', 2 per cent.

Produce was

In Barbadoes the crops were promising, and the
market well supplied with provisions of all sorts.
The island was healthy.
The weather at Trinidad was changeable, and
a smart shock of earthquake was experienced on
the 16th, with undulations from the south to the
east. No damage was done.

At Granada thunder, rain, and shocks of earth-

quakes had been frequent. Heavy floods of rain
bad caused landslips in many places, obstructing
the roads, &c. When the packet sailed the weather

evacuated the territory, and Governor-General Ca.
briel was fully recognised. •

Intelligence from Hayti says the capture of Fort
St. Michael was of no advantage to the rebels. De-
serters,.pressed by hunger, continually come over to
the Government lines. Provisions were scarce and
at fabulous pries. Flour $1,200 per barrel, bread
$4 a pound. he fall of the rebellion was expected.
An English frigate had arrived at Port au Prince.

FRANCE AND TUNIS.

PARIS, OCT. 11.

The 3Lmiteur de Soir contains the following :--
"As we stated eight days ago the Bey of Tunis has
not hesitated to satisfy the demands addressed to
him by the Emperor's Government. Complying
with the request of the French Envoy, the Prefect
of Police has been superseded by a functionary de-
corated with the Legion of Honour on the occasion
of His Majesty's recent voyage to Algiers. The
Governor of Keff has been dismissed. The first
minister of the Bey called personally upon the Con-
sul-General, with the object of expressing the re-
gret of the Tunisian Government, and delivering a
declaration from the Bey conveying the assurance
that for the future all the subjects of the Emperor
would be treated with the same regard as if they
were in Algeria or in France. Before this step was
taken the Kazundar deposited at the Consulate a
sum of 41,000 francs, representing the amount of
indemnity claimed by our countrymen. Finally,
according to the stipulations made, the official
journal of Tunis published an account of the satis-
faction accorded, as well as the declaration of the
Bey. We are happy to record the readiness with
which His Highness accorded to the demands of the
French Government, and the positive assurance of
good will which he has expressed.

BOURSE, Oct. 12.—Two o'Clock.—The market
is now buoyant. Threes, for the Account, are at
67f. 82i c., and Italian Fives t.t 65f. 35c., with an
advance of 20c. Credit Mobilier Shares have gained
Bf. 75c., the quotation being 852 f. 50c. Immo-
biliere Shares have improved 5f., viz., to 540 f.
Lombard Shares have also an advance of 7f. 50c.,
but Austrian have retrograded 2f. 50c. The weekly
returns of the Bank of France show a further
decrease in the bullion reserve of upwards of
33 millions of francs, with a corresponding increase
in the portefeuille. Three o'Clock.—The market
has continued to improve to the end, and has closed
at the follosiing quotations :

Ditto Threes —
Roman
Mexican Loan 49
Do. Bonds 3lB 75
Russian -
Austrian
Spanish Threes
Dome Debt —
Deferred

41 per Cents 96 50
Do. end month —
3 per Cents. 67 90
Do. mid month 67 92i
Credit Mobilier
Do. end month
Bank Shares 3595
Credit Foncier 13171
Italian Loan 65 35
Do. end month 65 35
RAILWAYS.
Cash.

Orleans
Northern
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern
Western
Eastern
Sardinian .
Austrian
Lombard
North of Spain
Saragossa
Ditto to Barcelona
Roman

Acct.
... 820 -
- ... 1087 50
... 861 25

- - ... 565 -
- - ... 527 50
- - ... 535 -
- - ... 242 50
- ... 401 25
- - ... 445 -

205 -
- 260 -

.. --.. •••

BANK OF FRANCE.

PARIS, OCT. 12.

The following is the return of the Bank of France
for the week ending to-day, together with the cor-
responding figures of the previous account :