The Sun.
London, England, 1862-12-18 00:00:00

TB E SUN, LONDON, TH U R DA lir EVE KIN 0, _DEC EMB ER 18, 1802

ATLANTIC AND GREAT WESTERN
RAILWAY (NEW YORK DIVISION).
Coupons due Ist January next will be paid in London at
the Banking House of Messrs. Heywood, Kennard, and Co.,
at the rate of 4s. to the dollar.
London, No. 9, Old Broad-street,
Dec. 16, 1862.

THE GREAT EASTERN RAILWAY
COMPANY.
FOUR-AND-A-HALF PER CENT. PREFERENCE
STOCK.
The GREAT EASTERN RAILWAY COMPANY is pre-
pared to receive applications for sums of £lOO, or upwards, of
the above Stock, bearing a fixed Preferential Interest of 4i
per cent. per annum.
Interest commences from the date of payment.
Applications to be made either personally or by letter to
the undersigned.

J. B. OWEN, Secretary.
Bi hopsgate Terminus, December, 1862.

BANK OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.-
Incorporated by Royal Charter.

THE COURT OF DIRECTORS HEREBY GIVE
NOTICE, That a HALF-YEARLY DIVIDEND, at the
rate of Six per Cent. per Annum (free of Income-tax), on the
Capital of the Bank, will be Payable to the Proprietors of
Shares registered in this country, on and after the sth day of
January next, at the Office of the Corporation, No. 7, St.
Helen's-place, Bishopsgate-street, between the hours of Ten
and Four.

No Transfer can be made between the 15th inst. and the sth
proximo, as the Books must be closed during that period.

By order of the Court.
C. M'NAB, Secretary.

No. 7, St. Helen's-place,
London, Dec. 9, 1862.

ELECTION INTELLIGENCE,

ANDDVER.

Yesterday the electors of this little Hampshire borough
were convened in their Town-hall to elect a representative
in Parliament, in the room of Mr. Henry Beaumont Coles,
recently deceased, who, as a Conservative, had sat for the
place for ten years, from the summer of 1847, and again
from July, 1861, until his death. The number of regis-
tered electors is only about 250, out of a population of from
5,000 to 6,000. At the passing of the Reform Bill the con-
stituency was not more than 320, including freemen,---a
class now all but extinct there, and one wonders how so
small an electoral body eould have so long retained the pri-
vilege of sending two members to the House of Commons,
as it does at this day. It is, however, but just to the com-
munity there to state that, 10 years ago, whatever may be
the case now, it was computed that an extension of the
franchise to £5 rated occupiers would have much more than
doubled the constituency.
On this occasion the only candidate was Mr.--Cubitt, the
late Lord Mayor, who has long been identified with the
town by near residence and by property, and who, up to
July, 1861, had represented it in Parliament for 14 conse-
cutive years on moderate Conservative principles. Accom-
panied by a few personal friends, he drove into the town
yesterday morning from his seat at Penton, in the immediate
neighbourhood, and was escorted from the Star Hotel to the
place of election by some of the principal inhabitants. The
ceremony took place in the presence of Mr. Frederick
Ellen, the Mayor, who is the returning officer; Mr. Foot-
ner, the town clerk ; and a goodly muster of the people of
the place.
Captain POORE, a retired naval officer and an old inhabi-
tant of Andover, proposed Mr. Cubitt to fill the vacancy in
the representation. He referred briefly to Mr. Cubitt's long
connection with the borough as its representative ; to the
circumstances, still fresh in the public recollection, under
which that connection was severed ; and to the fact that
during his mayoralty hundreds of thousands of pounds
for public purposes were spontaneously peured into his lap
without any other security beyond the confidence inspired
by personal character.
The nomination was seconded by Mr. T. P. CLARKE,
The MAYOR inquired if any other elector had a candi-
date to propose, and, there being no response, he declared
that the election had fallen on Mr. Cubitt. The announce-
ment was received with cheers.

Mr. Cußrrr, addressing the meeting, made first of all a
passing reference to the sudden death of Mr. Coles, and to
the void it had occasioned in a neighbourhood with which
that gentleman had been identified by residence during the
greater part of a long life and by the conscientious dis-
charge of Parliamentary and magisterial duties. For him.
self, he (Mr. Cubitt) was unable adequately to express the
grateful sense he entertained of their great kindness to-
wards him, and he gladly availed himself of the opportu-
nity of resuming the position of their representative in Par-
liament. There the course he intended to follow would be
the same as that which he had previously pursued—look-
ing at every public measure with a single eye to the welfare
of the great empire for which the representative body and
the other estates of the realm had to legislate, always
aveidinc extremes and aiding in every endeavour to im-
prove the condition ot the pcv
444-3 4- ....hail the Anna;;-
of our common country among the nations of the earth.
(Cheers) Many important questions would demand the
careful deliberation of Parliament. The terrific struggle
which on the further aide of the Atlantic was being waged
for the destruction of human life to an extent more horrible
than anything on record in the history of the world was
in itself sufficient to occupy their minds and to awaken
the most anxious solicitude, even if it were not attended
by the awful consequences to which half a million of our
own people were suffering victims. He was not prepared
to advocate an immediate recognition of the separate
government of the South; for, although he thought the
people had fairly vindicated a claim to such recognition,
he feared the time for it had not yet come. It would,
however, be the duty of Parliament to occupy itself with this
great question—careful neither to urge Ministers into the
adoption of measures that might involve us in difficulties,
nor to allow us to remain passive spectators of this vast
and terrible tragedy, if intervention on oar part could be
made available in putting an end to the barbarous strife.
(Hear, hear.) There were also at this moment social ques-
tions of considerable importance requiring the gravest con-
sideration of Parliament. Foremost among them was one
which had never been dormant—he meant the treatment of
criminals. Much especially had to be done in the preven-
tion of juvenile vagrancy, in finding employment for and
in enforcing habits of industry on the young neglected out-
casts who swarmed in our great cities—(hear)—and who, if
neglected and left unaided in their helpless condition, must
inevitably grow up to swell the ranks of the class of hardened
criminals, who were pests of society. Still, in legislating
on this difficult subject, the feeling of mercy must not be
disregarded; but he hardly knew what ought to be done.
It seemed to him that to transportation they must recur—
(cheers)—but how was that to be dose. We might not
inflict on our colonial communities the pollution of which
we were seeking to rid ourselves. On the other hand, with
the recollections of Norfolk Island, we must take care how
we deported the class of hardened offenders to an uninha-
bited, isolated country. He was indicating the difficulties
with which the question was surrounded, without ventur-
ing to solve them, and showing the necessity there was to
have careful men in Parliament, animated by an honest
wish to assist the Government of the day. From his ex-
perience in Parliament, where by their favour he sat for 14
years, he knew that it abounded with men of large and
active minds, who, if not great orators, were continually
dwelling on subjects like those. Mr. Cubitt added, in con-
clusion, that to the best of his ability he would endeavour
to promote the public weal, and to sustain the character of
the constituency who had done him that fresh honour.
With that the ceremony terminated and the people dis-
persed.

REMEMBER THE G'BOT7ER!"

(From Punch.)
♦ CHRISTMAS CAROL.

Remember, remember, the first of November,
Slippery, sludgy, and fog ;
For I sees good reason why this glummy season
•
Should keep us in pocket and " tog."
Hurrah
Then a squeeze and a shake for Sir George's sake I
A squeeze of the gorge for the friends of Sir George I

Hip, Hip, Hurrah I

Remember, remember, the last of November,—

Old Bailey and sentences long,—
If we drops upon Bramwell, it's queer but he'll clam well;
He gave it our pals hot and strong.
Then Hurrah!
For a twist and a wrench for the cock of the Bench 1
A jolly good shake for Judge Bramwell's sake!
Hurrah I
All hail to November I—But welcome December,
For we'll " put the hug on" yer yet ;
So the shiners are swagg'd, we don't care if we're lagg'd,
A ticket .of-leave we shall get.
Hurrah I
Then a twist and a hug for tho Londoner's lug I
A jelly good squeeze for the Cockney's wheeze I
Hurrah I
Chorus.
A cord, a cord,
For Beggar and Lord,
A trusty steel to poke him ;
An " Indian €law,"
To fracture his jaw,
And a jolly good squeeze to choke him!

ANOTHER VICTIM TO CRINOLINE.—On Monday
evening Miss Sarah Howard, aged 14, whose parents reside
in Catherine-grove, Greenwich, died from injuries sustained
through her clothes taking fire. It appears that the unfor-
tunate girl was sitting with her brother near the fire, and
on getting up to possess herself of a book which he had, her
frock, owing to the crinoline which she was wearing, came
in contact with the fire, and she immediately became en-
veloped in flames, receiving such frightful injuries that
death roWted Ave hours afterwards.

IN7ELIVATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1862.
We are informed that her Majesty's Commis-
sioners for the Exhibition of 1862 have addressed
the following letter to the Secretary to his Royal
Highness the Prince of Wales:—
Exhibition Building, South Kensington, W.,
Dec; 16, 1862.
Sir,—l am directed by her Majesty's Commissioners to
request that you will do them the favour to submit to his
Royal Highness the Prince of %Vales an expression of their
sense of the gracious intention, communicated to them in
the month of October last, of his Royal Highness's readi-
ness to mark his interest in the success of an enterprise
which owed its origin to his illustrious and distinguished
father, by distributing, at a state ceremonial, the prizes
which have been awarded by the juries.
Such a mark of his Royal Highness's personal interest in
the Exhibition would have been highly appreciated by every
one connected with it. Although the number of successful
exhibitors would have made it impossible for them indivi-
dually to receive the rewards of their skill and industry
from the hands of his Royal Highness, the value of these
rewards would have been greatly enhanced by the fact that
his Royal Highness had presided on the occasion of their
distribution.

It is therefore with great regret that her Majesty's Com-
missioners find, on consulting various competent authorities,
that it would be practically impossible, for a single occasion,
to carry out their original design of warming and lighting
the building. The proposed distribution of the prizes can-
not, with due regard to the interests of the foreign commis-
sions, be possibly postponed beyond the end of January.
Under these circumstances, hezajesty's Commissioners
have come to the conclusion that they would not be juctr:
fled in inviting his Royal Highness to preside at a cere-
mony, the success of which would have to depend in a great
measure upon the doubtful chance of a fine day occurring
in the depth of winter ; neither would they be willing to
expose to the probable chance of disappointment, from the
accidents of rain, snow, or fog, the many distinguished
foreigners, and British exhibitors, who would come from
great distances to be present on the occasion. Her Majesty's
Commissioners trust that his Royal Highness will not dis-
approve of the decision at which they have most reluctantly
arrived.

I have the honour to be, sir, your obedient servant,
F. R. SANDFORD, Secretary.
Lieut.. General Knollys.

2HE LATE PRINCE CONSORT.

(From the Court Circular)
WINDSOR CASTLE, DEC. 17.
The consecration of the Royal Mausoleum at
Frogmore took place this day.
Her Majesty the Queen, previous to the cere-
mony, went from the Castle to Frogmore-house in
the most private manner, and, when the Bishop of
Oxford, the clergy, and the members of the Royal
Household, and others had assembled, walked to
the Mausoleum, accompanied by their Royal High-
nesses the Prince of Wales, the Prince and Princess
Louis of Hesse, the Princess Helena, the Princess
Louise, Prince Arthur, Prince Leopold, and the
Princess Beatrice.
The Queen entered the Mausoleum at five minutes
past 12 o'clock. The Bishop of Oxford (Bishop of
the diocese), Archdeacon Randall (Chaplain), Sir
John Phillimore,D.C.L. (Chancellor of the diocess),
the Dean of Windsor, the Dean of Christchurch,
Rev. Dr. Stanley, the Vicar of Windsor, the Rev.
Lord Wriothesley Russell, and the Rev. James
Blunt, Vicar of Old Windsor, then commenced the
consecration by passing round the external walls of
the building, with Dr. Elvey and the choir of St.
George's Chapel singing (Tallis's Chant) Psalm 49,
"0 hear ye this, all ye people."
Earl Granville, Lord President; Viscount Sydney,
Lord Chamberlain ; and the gentlemen of the
Household, followed in procession.
The psalm having been chanted, the Bishop,
clergy, and gentlemen entered the Mausoleum, and
the Bishop continued the ceremony, " Dearly be-
loved in the Lord" followed by the prayer " 0 God,
who bast taught us in Thy Holy Word."
The choir sang the Amen Chant, and afterwards
a hymn from In Memoriam, commencing
"The just man's spirit shall not be
Parted from kindred spirits;
3,1c..:11 VU lu
A future home inherits."
The Bishop of Oxford recited the prayers :-
4, Grant, 0 Lord, that they who shall bring forth their
dead into this place may be so strengthened and comforted
by Thy grace that they may not be sorry as men without
hope for them that sleep in Thee."
" Grant, 0 Lord, that they who shall here lay the bodies
of Thy saints, to rest in hope of the blessed resurrection,
may evermore steadfastly believe in the fellowship and
communion of Thy saints, living and departed, through
Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen."
" Grant, 0 Lord, that all who here shall call upon Thy
name may so be raised from the death of sin to the life of
righteousness, that they may be delivered from the bitter
pains of eternal death, and have their part in the glorious
resurrection of Thy saints, through Jesus Christ our Lord.
Amen."

A hymn of four verses, from "In Memoriam,"
was sung (the Old Hundredth) by the choir :
" 0 fond and loving spirit, thou
Far, far away from me art now ;
I miss the hand of friendship true,
The heart that all my feelings knew.
But, while my grief thus fills my heart,
Thou in God's bosom lying art;
Freed from the body's yoke at last,
The gentle soul to life hath past,
No, spirit not one moment e'en
Would I recall thee to this scene.
Thou wert lull worthy of my love,
And God bath gnicken'd thee above.

God will in turn raise me, and then
I shall rejoin thee once again;
Into thy loving arms I'll fly,
Immortal thou, immortal I."

The bishop concluded the ceremony with—
" Now unto the King Eternal, Immortal, and Invisible,
the only wise clod, the Father, the Son, and the Holy
Ghost, honour and glory, for ever and ever. Amen."

His Lordship, sitting in his chair, directed the
Chancellor to read the sentence of consecration,
which was then signed by the bishop.
The ceremony was finished at half-past twelve
o'clock.

The Queen, with the members of her family,
quitted the Mausoleum, and, unattended by the
ladies and gentlemen in waiting, walked back to
Frogmore.
The following ladies and gentlemen were present
upon the occasion :—The Duchess of Atholl, the
Hon. Horatia Stopford, the Hon. Harriett Phipps,
Lady Augusta Bruce, the Hon. Mrs. Bruce, Lady
Caroline Barrington, Viscount Sydney, Lord
Camoys, the Hon. Mortimer Sackville West, Major
General Seymour, Lieutenant-Colonel Du Plat,
Lieutenant-General the Hon. C. and Mrs. Grey,
Col. the Hon. Sir Charles Phipps, the Hon. Mrs.
Wellesley, Colonel and the Hon. Mrs. Bidduiph,
Miss Hildyard, Madame Hocede, Mademoiselle
Bauer, Major Elphinstone, Mr. Ruland, Mr. Wood-
ward, Mr. Buff, Dr. Jenner, Sir James Clark,
Lieut.-General Knollys, Captain Grey, Baroness
von Schenck, Baroness von Grancy, Captain West-
erweller, Dr. Becker, Countess Blucher, the Duchess
Dowager of Sutherland, Earl Granville, M. Van de
Weyer, Colonel Francis Seymour, C. 8., Colonel and
Lady Elizabeth de Ross, Major-General the Hon.
A. N. Hood, Mr. Meyer, Mr. Brown, a portion of
her Majesty's domestic household, and also the
servants who had been particularly attached to the
service of the Prince Consort.

The Mausoleum has a central dome, an octogon,
64 feet in height and 30 feet in diameter. The
groundees plan
with
b ailding is formed of four re-
cesses, circular corridors, the space
between the opposite recesses measuring also 64
feet. There is an entrance porch projecting from
, connecting f
the
the east side, approached by a flight of steps.
ss
Although the building is not yet completed, the
central portion in which the Royal sarcophagus is
to be placed is entirely closed.
The exterior of the Mausoleum will be nearly
covered with granite of various colours. The inte-
rior will be finished by coloured marbles and
frescoes.
The building has been designed by Mr. Humbert
and Professor Grunner. The contractor is Mr. G.
Dines. _ .

His Royal Highness Prince Arthur,
__.
attended by

Major Elphinstone, arrived this morning from
Greenwich Park.

Earl Granville, 'Viscount Sydney, and the Bishop
of Oxford arrived yesterday afternoon at the Castle.
The Bishop of Oxford left this afternoon. The Dean
of Christchurch arrived to-day.

THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA.

(From the Times Correspondent.)
NEW YORK, DEC. 2.

Mr. Lincoln's Message to Congress, delivered at
noon yesterday, has surprised everybody. Many
anticipations were formed respecting it. S .me said
it would be " black" with Abolitionism; others
predicted that it would be " whiter" than the pro.
clamation of freedom to the slaves; white a third
were of opinion that it would be of no colour at all,
but vague in hue and impalpable in shape. The
document is certainly not " black" in the sense in-
sinuated by the Democratic party; and it is just as
certainly neither vague nor unmeaning. If it be
" white," it is at all events white with good inten-
tions. Ostensibly it surveys the whole field of public
affairs, but virtually it concentrates attention upon
the one great subject of negro slavery. Mr. Lin-
coln is not an obstinate man. Aware, apparently,
that his proclamation of freedom to the slaves of all
who should be in rebellion on and after the Ist of
January next was contrary to the Constitution of
the Union which he desired to restore; that it was
a direct incentive to a servile war, and to the count-
less and almost unmentionable horrors that would
inevitably ensue if the negroes took up arms against
their masters; and that, moreover, it was fairly
open to the objection urged against it by the divines,
philosophers, and philanthropists of the Abolitionist
party, of permitting loyal people to hold slaves, and
of guaranteeing the existence of slavery in loyal
States, he has, without openly disavowing and an-
nulling the ill-adviseddocument, introduced another
project for the discussion of Congress, which, if
adopted, will convert the proclamation into a dead
letter. At the eleventh hour he proposes what
should have been proposed at the first—a general
convention of the States of the Union to revise and
amend the Constitution, so as to make the action of i
Congress on the subject of slavery as legal and con-
stitutional as it is now the reverse. He further
proposes that every State which shall under this
convention abolish slavery within its limits at any
time before the year 1900 shall receive compensa-
tion, at a rate to be hereafter fixed, for every
slave proved to have been in existence by the
eighth census of the United States ; that all
slaves who shall have enjoyed actual freedom
by the chances of war or escape within the
Federal lines shall be maintained in their freedom,
whether their masters were rebels or loyal men,
but that loyal masters shall in such cases receive
full compensation; and, lastly, that Congress may
(not shall) appropriate money and otherwise pro-
vide for colonising free negroes with their own con-
sent in places beyond the boundaries of the United
otSiftoacint
dealing
as
Then
g Such, in
with
iththisbrief,
Abolitionists
great i s
tan Mae
ner
rd. Lae:
mni ctb oa larnlr
r'
asesasndi enywg
uqmnu ode des
re,
the name of " Gradualism," insisting that if free-
dom be a good thing it cannot be administered too
suddenly to the eager expectants of the boon, or the
right, and prophesying that the war will walk over
this proposition, and force the President back again
to unconditional and immediate emancipation as
the sole effectual weapon for dealing a final blow at
the Southern slaveowners and their system. But if
Mr. Lincoln have purposely worded his proposal so
as to grant compensation only to slaves proved to
have been in existence by the eighth census, which
was taken in the year 1860, his scheme has a signifi-
cance which ought to gratify the Abolitionists, if no
one else, for it virtually proposes that all negro chil-
dren born after that date shall be declared to have
been barn free. Surely the Abolition preachers and
lecLurera, w bu art; AU diffitiliilb to pion au. Will raise loud
prone of delight when they become aware of this
portion of the plan, and will do their best to aid, and
not their worst to thwart, the President in placing it
fully and fairly before the mind of the country P If
in a kindly spirit, and before the firing of a shot,
Mr. Lincoln bad, in his inaugural address, sub-
mitted such a scheme to the undivided Congress
that first listened to his official voice, he might have
preserved the Union and averted civil war. If, in
consequence of the obstinacy of the South on the
subject of slavery, it had refused to consider the
proposal, the sympathies of Europe, and especially
of England, would in this case have taken another
direction, and been wholly and heartily with
the North. It is most probable that Mr. Lin-
coln's painfully acquired wisdom has come upon
him and upon the country too late, and that the
day has irrevocably passed when any treatment of
the slavery question that religion, philanthropy, or
statesmanship can devise will bring back the South
to a Union which the events of the last 12 months
have taught it to abhor.

Great as has been the interest excited by the Pre-
sident's Message, it has not drawn attention from
the critical position of the army of the Potomac.
The prevalent feeling is one of disappointment that
so little has been done by General Burnside, from
whom so much was expected.
People may "call spirits from the vasty deep"—
but will they come ? Presidents and Ministers may
command great generals and men of genius to emerge
from the Dead Sea of national mediocrity, but if
such generals do not exist to answer, of what use is
it to call ? People were not satisfied with M'Clel-
lan, because he could not achieve impossibilities.
They are equally dissatisfied with Burnside for the
same reasons. It was confidently announced when
the appointment was made that be would be master
of Richmond by the 181 of December. The 2d of
December has come, and he is still on the wrong
side of the Rappahannock, opposite Fredericksburg,
held in check, it appears, by a small body of the
enemy, while the main force has fallen back 30 miles
nearer to Richmond. The probabilities are that he
must either go into winter quarters at Fredericks-
burg after its capture, or remain until the end of
March at Acquia Creek. The rains have been all
but incessant ever since he commenced operations.
The roads of Virginia are impracticable. The Con-
federates hold all the railways by which he could
make a more rapid advance. To march on Richmond
under such circumstances would be madness. To re-
main between the Potomac and Rappahannock would
be prudent, were it not for the fact that such a hy-
bernation would inevitably end in the loss of half
the army before the spring—in disertions, camp di-
sease, fever, and prostration of hope, spirit, and
energy. Nevertheless, though the prospect is gloomy
enough, the prophets of good fortune are not to be
silenced. Cheerful voices still proclaim that Burn-
side's valour is not overpowered by his caution, like
M'Clellan's, and that he will indubitably eat his
Christmas dinner in the rebel capital, and restore
Virginia and North Carolina to the Union before the I
Ist of January. Other voices, not at all cheerful,
despair of him altogether, and call for his removal,
and the World of this morning announces, as "from
a source not likely to be deceived," that General
Burnside is no longer in command, but has been
superseded by General Hooker. The report is not
improbable, but needs confirmation, and, if it should
prove to be true, is more likely to offer up another
victim on the shrine of popular impatience, in the
person of General Hooker, than to bring the Fede-
ral army into possession of the long coveted capital
of the enemy.
It is asserted that " General" M'Neill, who so
savagely shot ten innocent persons because one man,
• on whom he bad set his heart, was not delivered up
to him by the Confederates, is not an officer in the
Federal army, but a guerilla leader ; and that he
• will be delivered up to the military authorities of
the South, to be dealt with as Mr. Jefferson Davis
may decide. Public opinion justifies his surrender.
The elections for City Controller, Corporation

STAMPED

Councillor, and other minor municipal offices, to the
number of upwards of 300, were decided to-day.
There was very little excitement. The Republican
party seemed to know that the contest was hopeless,
and allowed the Democrats to carry the day by
overwhelming majorities in almost every instance.
The whole patronage of the city is thus placed in
Democratic hands; and will be used to the fullest
extent in all the political elections of the next
t welvemonth.

7HE REVOLUTION IN GI?L'ECE.

---.---

_
(From the Times' Special Correspondent)
ATHENS, DEc. 4.

Thist h
e tardiness
approaching wasn
election
owing
for
ro
tah de i fferenc
themselves as
e
of places
oMpii snsiolfin°
,enobgmuh
tei,
rousedm e n t
byyet,
to Ke importancet ahlhaeav circumstance
tjao,
i
and
nwedh :coaht
trhtha
had
the
eda,
Atnplfoarotrentddyl
ey
flies tpl
rvrr
eeietde.,
Assem-
bly, runs very high there, and has thrown every-
thing into the background. In all countries which
are young in political life there is a tendency in
parties which gain the ascendancy to be merciless
on their prostrate adversaries, and the Greeks are
as yet too young as a nation to understand that free
political life is a succession of compromises. _ This
compromise was, perhaps, easier here than any-
where else, for there was no difference of grin-
c.wi
tlhe s
fewAesx
cseopo
tni
oanss telivoe
ry revolutionon one
join
ewd a,
ands co mi
fpl eted
possi-
ble, those who had been devoted to the old-sysfeth
became more violent in their approval of The 'new
state of things than those who had brought about
the change. But they were almost invariably re-
jected by the victorious party, so that nothing
remained to them but opposition, in order not to be
altogether excluded from political influence. The
members of the Provisional Government were in
this respect not wiser than the rest; on the contrary,
having all the means in their hands they used them
in their respective provinces to ostracise whatever
displeased them from one or another reason.
Thus it comes that the agitation and opposition
is greatest just where some member of the Go-
vernment has been at work. It is the general
opinion that nowhere have things been so inju-
diciously managed as at Patras. The place has of
old been divided between the Rouffos-Londos and
Bigopulo-Calamogdati factions, the former repre-
senting the late Opposition, and the wealth and
intelligence of the province ; the last-named the
populace, which, in a thriving commercial town like
Patras, is more numerous than in any other place in
Greece. It is but fair to say that the latter faction,
judging well of the signs of the times, turned round
immediately after the Revolution, and offered to
co-operate with the victorious faction. The offer
was peremptorily rejected, and in the combination
for the election only strict adherents of the Rouffos
faction were taken in. The result was that Patras
has been kept in a constant state of excitement
ever since ; both parties have mustered their adhe-
rents, have armed them, and are ready to fall on
each other at the first opportunity. It was in
order to avoid a collision that all demonstrations
have been discouraged, although the general feeling
is perhaps nowhere stronger in favour of Prince
Alfred. _ _

On Satnrdaylast, nevertheless, the captain of the
Hydra, one of the Greek Company's steamers, de-
termined to get up a demonstration. He dressed
his vessel with flags and inscriptions, got her under
way, and, going twice round her Majesty's ship
Shannon, which was in port, fired a salute of 21
guns. He had a band on board and many friends,
who cheered most lustily. The whole party came
on shore at dusk, with lights surrounding a picture
of Prince Alfred, the captain holding it and all the
erew with revolvers round him. They were joined
by all the merchants and most of the respectable
townspeople, afid passed before the houses of the
I R.81;.h r"rianl find At. the house of
the former a speech was made, and then the crowd
went to cheer the French and Russian Consul. The
Calamogouti faction tried to stop the demonstration
by getting up cries of " Zeto to Ethnos ;" but the
cry was quite drowned, and the whole thing
passed off quietly enough. Not so next day, when
the other faction got up a counter-demonstration
with the picture of Leuchtenberg and those of the
three protecting Sovereigns. Returning from the
French and Russian Consuls, one of the crowd
assailed a passer-by, who would not shout

" Zetor upon which the assailed man, a doctor,
drew his revolver and tried to shoot his assailant.
He was prevented, and the aggressor was arrested.
The mob tried to rescue him, but one of
them getting a severe sabre cut on the head, the
others
.withdrew, It was time, for immediately
after 50 men of the counter-faction, all armed,
rushed through the town, but luckily they met with
no opposition. The people of Patras are, as you
may imagine, not without apprehension about the
impending elections. Fortunately, Patras is the
only place in Greece which has been guilty of such
disgraceful conduct. In Missolonghi and Xalav-
rita, above all, the former, the demonstration on
Sunday was gone through with all the honours, the
municipal councils passing resolutions to communi-
cate the wishes of the people to the National Assem-
bly. DEC. 6 (Morning).

To-day the elections for the Assembly begin all
over the kingdom, the first free elections—at any
rate, the first which will not have been systemati-
cally falsified. This time Government, as such, has
not interfered, although of course each member of
it in his own province has tried to exercise what-
ever influence he could. But this influence was
personal, not collective ; there is tho great differ-
ence, so that even in the places where the combina-
tions brought forward by the members of the Go-
vernment are carried, the representatives returned ,
will represent only the interest of each individual
in the Government and that of his friends, and this
as legitimate influence as any other in a country
where every man having completed his 25th year
is an elector, and where, in spite of the attempts of
the late dynasty to break down all influence besides
its own, there exists still a powerful territorial and
family influence in most provinces. The country
is strongly democratic in feeling, the war of inde-
pendence has ruined many wealthy families, the late
dynasty has done its best to level all distinctions,
yet so strongly seems this influence of the old pri-
mate families rooted, that it still survives, and will,
according to all appearances, play a prominent
part in the elections. Nor can anything be more
just than this influence; it is something real and
existing, and therefore a right to be represented in
the Assembly. As for any struggle of principles,
there is and can be none. Even if no one but par-
tisans of the old system were elected, they would
unanimously approve the condemnation of the
late system by the revolution, and inscribe the
4, Constitution" on their flag. All the ad-
dresses of of candidates which appeared in the papers
are synonymous, almost the only difference being,
perhaps, the greater or lesser stress laid on the
great Hellenic idea of the future. These addresses
published in the papers and distributed among the
constituents, are the only public means of canvass-
ing. There is no nomination, and there are no
hustings : the canvassing is carried on privately.
As you will recollect, the country is divided into
27 districts, which, according to their size, choose
from two to four deputies, chosen indiscriminately
by town and country. Hitherto a candidate could
only stand for the district in which he was inscribed
as an elector; although this restriction has been re-
moved, the old habit will still be adhered to almost
universally on this occasion. This old habit consists
in this,—that those who have influence in a district
try to combine and work together One is the man
who brings the town or part of it ; the other brings
the other portion of it; the third, one or two com-
munes, and so on. There is a man for the wealthy
and intellectual portion of the district ; there is

NEWS 1-7 A PE li
I, ;`, ;t:'.'':.- .:t•:: n4;c1,.-11t1,,, )
another—fin: the peasantry ; another:4qt thilcitit -' 1-44,7
:".4„,
classes in the towns; again another :fortife;;o-44, :::,,rs'
merciel interest, if there exists any.-"If 4; if AT E1"-4-6
system has the advantage of bringing in' the el,-
ferent interests, it has the inconvenience of check-
ing all freedom of movement in the candidates, and
makes it almost impossible for any man, however
deserving, to be elected on his own merits ;:he must
combine with others, no matter what the character
and opinion, and is dependent on their success and
d:feat. 'On the other hand, an elector who wishes
to vote for a good man is forced to give his vote to
those 132:.n whom he, perhaps, does not want, or else
leave out themon of his own choice.
c inconveniences of this system
Never were i.!'
more apparent than DO
this occasion, when the num-
ber of deputies which cub district bee to send has
been doubled, so that in many place a combination
of eight men had to be found. In the interior
where local, well-defined interests are opposed to
e4ich other, this may perhaps still succeed, for
the practice is the e soh party provides the tickets
for its own men ; but in the c ; pit al end other more
independent comtnunities the practice was ntsces-
eerily modified. Thus, at Athens, the combina-
tion comprises only four men—Calligas, C'alifour-
nes, Psylas, and Dosios, and for the other four
places there is to be a scramble. So many are the
competitors that :Jot even a guess may be made.
From all this you wii: see that the colour of the
Assembly will be of that V.!'certain neutral tint
which all things wear at dawn, an,:l it will depend
on events which colour will come out ultimately.
To-day is likewise the first day of the plebiscite
for Athens as well as the majority of the pro:Times-
The decree fixes the third day after its publication,
and according to this the plebiscite ought to have
begun yesterday, but the intention here is to make
it as complete as possible. The Holy Synod, with
its president at its head, is first to give its vote in
favour or Prince Alfred, then the National Bank,
the; oitteervaad soldiers, National Guard, students, - _
&C.!, liiit,,o3Aptlice in the clearest possible light the
generitl.*l4aall classes.
Dec. 6, Afternoon.
The elections both for the Assembly and for the
Sovereign have begun, and everything is as quiet
as possible. The Holy Synod, as
.1 told you, ex-
pressed the wish to be the first to sign their names
on the lists for the election of the Sovereign, so the
registers were taken there, and the whole Synod,
with the president; at their head, have written
therein the name of Pride e Alfred as the Sovereign
of their choice. The regkaters are open at the
Maisie, where a crowd presses to sign.

LI7E.RATURE.

Journal of a Mission to Afghanistan in 1857, under
Major (now Colonel) Lunoden, with an Account
of the Country and People. By H. W. Bellew,
Medical Officer to the Mission, Smith, Elder,
and Co.

Although Affghanistan possesses many features
of interest, and is inhabited by a very peculiar
people, it is a country which, to the ordinary tourist,
may be considered inaccessible; not from difficulty
of transit, but from the savage nature of many of
its tribes and the jealousy of strangers entertained
by the dominant Affghan race. Descended un-
doubtedly from the Jews, they trace their pedigree
back to Saul; they retain, although Mahommedans,
not only many of the distineive customs of their
ancestors, but also their turbulent disposition and
impatience of authority which so'eminently charac-
terised the chosen people. " A man who goes to
Hindostan acquires wealth, a man who goes to
Affghanistan loses his head,'' says a native pro-
verb, and that the author and his companions re--
turned unhurt must be attributed solely to the fact
of their having visited the country at the Amir
Dost Mahommed's express desire, and under a gua-
rantee for their safety, and even then they were
not permitted to enter the capital, but rested at
Kandahar under the protection of his son, the heir
apparent. The purpose for which the mission en-
tered the country was that of watching the pro-
gress of the Persian war, and transmitting informa-
tion respecting it to the Imam' Government, the
Affghan Amir having requested aid in consequence
of his frontier appearing in danger. Shortly after
the arrival of the mission, however, the Persian
war concluded, but the Indian mutiny broke out,
and they therefore remained until it was quelled ;
and the influence of Major Lumsden appears to
have been of no slight service in restraining the
Affghans from taking advantage of the opportunity
to attack the British territory, which they were
strongly disposed to do. Although the author's
observation of the country was restricted to
what he saw on the journey to and from
Kandahar, his excursions round that city
being very limited in extent, he nevertheless,
from the nature of his profession, came very exten-
sively in contact with the people, and had abun-
dant opportunity of studying their manners aad
disposition, and the conclusions at which he arrived
are by no means favourable. Oppression he found
not the exception, but the rule. The common people
look upon burglary as an honourable and legiti-
mate occupation, and the ill-paid and undisciplined
soldiery take every opportunity to rob the peasants ;
order there is none, and filth and disease abound.
Apart, then, from its value as a record of Affghan
life, the work is valuable as showing the result of
Asiatic rule, though it must be admitted that it
assumes, under the Affghans, its worst form.
During his stay in Kandahar Mr. Bellew dili-
gently studied the few native works he could
meet with which threw light upon Affghan his-
tory; he also describes, at length, the natural
productions and resources of the country, and the
volume, which contain a number of illustrations,
is a valuable addition to our knowledge of that
remote district of India.

SMITH, ELDER, AND CO.'S CHILDREN'S

BOOKS.

Tufkngbo's Tourney in Search of Ogres. By

Holme Lee.

We have here a fairy tale, written in a matter of
fact stye, but displaying considerable power of
fancy. The Tufiongbo's birth, childhood, and edu-
cation are described. We are told how he resisted
the seductions of the Salamanders and the Ondines ;
and how, having started on his journey, he escaped,
with his companions, the clutches of the ferocious
Ogre Gulmalog; rescued from imminent danger
the pusillanimous Ogre Clickaclop, outwitteed cer-
tain deceitful Griffins, and finally, his labours
done, departed to join his fairy parents in the
realm of Shadowland.

Stories of Old ; or, Bible Narratives, suited to
the capacity of young children—first series, Old
Testament.—Second series, New Testament. By
Catherine Hadley. The nature of these two
volumes is sufficiently indicated by the title. They
are nicely got up, contain various engravings, and
parents will find them valuable.
Children's Sayings ; or, Life at Home. By Cathe-
rine Hadley. To assist in training up children in
the way they should go, the author has collected a
number of those wilful words in Which the juvenile
nature toof indulge,theill effects of each. The
and has written a short
taleillustrative
in-
tention is good, and the style is clear and simple.
i s wont

THE WOOD ANT.--This insect, which may be
known by its large size and reddish thorax, is one of the
stingless ants, though it is quite as formidable an antagonist
as the species which possess those sharp and envenomed
darts. For, though the wood-ant has no sting, it yet has a
store of poison, and can use its venomous powers effectively,
though in a more roundabout manner than is adopted by the
stingbearers. It is a most fierce and determined creature, the
sense of fear seeming to have been wholly omitted from its
composition. It will attack anything and any body without
the least hesitation, and possesses all the courage without the
cunning exhibited by the Lilliputians in their memorable
attack on the Man Mountain. For a man
attackis
m an, wood-antif
fit
io
not only a moving mountain, but a moving world ; and yet
there is not a single ant that will i
it makes at once for thet
nearest fiercely
with its sharp and
calliper-shapeds to bring
fancies him to be in too close proximity to its residence.
Urged by some wonderful
ing
proteiwo,catedskin, bites
and simultaneously bending its body so
a
the tip of the abdomen to bear upon the wound,
squirts a small drop of its poison into the cavity, producing
for
is te time and painful smarting sensation. The
,sihsavery transient, although, at the moment
pang is quite as severe as that inflicted by
itpain,
iiifiovremteed:e:r,
the sharp
the sting of a wasp.-0,140 a Week.

THIS NEWSPAPER,
"THE SUN,"

Has now been finally and conclusively sold to
Mr. Kent, its principal editor, who was the pur-
chaser thereof at the auction at the sum of £2,420,
inclusive of the valuation of the plant, machinery,
furniture, and efKocts. The biddings were this
day re-opened, before the Chief Clerk of the Master
of the Rolls, by the offer of an increase of £5OO ;
Mr. Kent then offered an increase of £BOO, and, no
further offer being made, he was, by an order of
the Master of the Rolls, declared the purchaser
for £3,220, inclusive of the plant, &c. Mr. Kent
has to pay the balance of his purchase money
into Court on or before Saturday, the 27th inst.,
and will then become the sole owner of the pro-
perty from that date.
ADAM RIVERS STEELE, Solicitor,
44, Bloomsbury-square, London, W.C.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
TlllB DAY.—Morning, 11h. Om.—Afternoon,'llh. 30m
To-mounow.-Morning, h. m.—Afternoon, 12h. Om

1-774
CI U •
.---- •
,
CVA,
ovt-,
1 • 9*. I) n
•ts - ' 4.4" -

THE SUN.
LONDON, THURSDAY, DEC. 18, 1862.

We must confess our surprise that some of our
pro-Southern contemporaries and their correspon-
dents should affirm that had Mr. Lucomst's pre-
sent compensation scheme been offered at the be-
ginning, it would have averted the terrible war
which they all lament. Surely they forget both
facts, and the nature of slaveholders. Mr. LIN-
COLN did not enter upon office before the 4th of
March, 1861. By that time the State of South
Carolina (which began this mad work so early as
the 20th of December, in 1860), Mississippi, Ala-
bama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, seven
states in all, had already seceded, and on the
9th of February had published, after a five days'
sessior, their rebel Constitution at Montgomery.
SEWARD made, for that matter, a compromise ora-
tion, the Virginian delegates tried their skill in
vain, all kinds of conciliatory motions were made
in the Senate ; but to what purpose could they
be ? The leaders of the South had declared
eternal antagonism to the North. They declared
in express language, that the fundamental
views of tha North and South, on slavery, were
irreconcileable ; the North, they said, regards it as
a sin and crime, and injurious to the body politic.
JEFFERSON, they said, and the founders of our Re-
public, knew no better, and hoped for the extinc-
tion of slavery. We, on the other hand, regard
slavery as a Divine institution ; we regard the
absolute subordination of the inferior race to the
will of the superior race, as the latest and grandest
of social and political discoveries, we hold that
slave institutions ought to cover the earth, and re-
gard ourselves as exhibiting the noblest model of a
Republic—one in which a ruling race subjugates to
itself, for the mutual advantage of both, another
race destined by Providence to toil for it.
Let not the reader suppose there is a word of
exaggeration here. He will find almost the ipsiestma
verbs we have employed, not only in the speeches
of Southern men, and in their official documents,
but in their elaborate octavo Defences, republished
by English booksellers. How, we may ask, would
such men have received any proposal which implied
that slavery was a tiling to be got rid of, to be
regarded as an evil in the Great Republic ? Nothing
would have contented them but acknowledging
151avery as the foundation of the whole Union, and the
right Consequently of slaveholders to take their
altiTea not
:nly into the territories, but into the
Free State
themselves, as freely as a Northern
man might
take with him his horses and cattle.
When compensation was offered to the Border
States, after the war had begun, and with all its
horrors before them small
of
smallas the proportion there
of slaves is, not on
them accepted it. How
absurd, therefore, to imagine that the proposal now
made would have been treated otherwise than with
supreme contempt.
But it is only to recollect for a moment the effect
of sla veholding on the possessors of slaves, to per-
ceive how natural is their aversion to
anything
e
general emancipation of their slaves. Iv, allknliok:
—and Mr. CHAS. DICKENS
especially noted the
fact, when in America—that "of all earthly temp_
tations tha abuse of irresponklble power is the most
difficult to be resisted." The profits to be made out
of slaves are not so pleasant to the master
as the power to make a fellow-man obey his will
unconditionally, at the peril of feeling the weight
of his wrath. It was so in our own 'West
Indies. The proprietors and mortgagees of
estates there, living in this country, were but too
thankful to fill their pockets with the compensation
they had never hoped for, and to find a fortune in
their bankrupt estates; but the resident whites,
the attorneys and State agents who worked the

estates, never could endure the measure which de- •
prived them of the power to lash the "niggers"
at their will for a word or a look. It is just the
same in the slave States of America. In their pub-
lished apologies we see how they loathe the idea
of the black man having any civil rights at all, any
power to punish the master who maltreated him,
beyond, at least, such power as the white man
here possesses to punish the carter who villanously
maltreats an animal. The South are, indeed, the
aristocracy of Ameriea. But they are an aristo-
cracy separating themselves from their serfs by an
impassable line. The offspring of every black or
coloured woman, even though the blood of the aris-
tocrat fhws in his veins, is the absolute property of
his unnatural father, an article which he sells to
the best bidder, a part of his real or personal estate.
It is an abuse of language to apply the same word
to the English and the Southern aristocracy.
As to the position in which the offer now made
won;4 .have placed Mr. LINCOLN and the North
before the world, had Mr. LINCOLN laid it before
the rebe.ls whom he found already shaped into
a rival republic, we fear it would not have done
them much good. The previous offer of compensa-
tion was only iAnghed at here by those who were
determined to see nothing right in the North. It
had indeed a grievous defect, which we pointed
out at the time, but this proposal has defects quite
as great. We suspect, in truth, that the real fault
which certain parties here dislike in it, is what
constitutes one of its chief merits. It is so mode-
rate, so jut in the pecuniary sense, requiring lite-
rally no sacrifice on the part of any slaveholder,
that those who hate American political institutions
and the Union are galled exceedingly that the
North should expose the South before the world
as a race of men-stealers and men-dealers, whom
nothing will satisfy but the retention of their odious
ny.