The Sun.
London, England, 1862-05-19 00:00:00

43 rls; wool, 80 dols to 95 dols; tallow, 161 rls
lumber, 38 dols to 41 dole; flour, 7 dols to 8 dols;
refined sugar, 21 rls.

MONTEVIDEO, APRIL 15.
Exchange, 4q-d.

Wet salted ox hides, 67 rls ; dry hides, American,
56 rls ; wool, 4 dols to 5 dols ; tallow, 20 rls ; lum-
ber, 34 dols to 36 dols; flour, 7 dols to 8 dols; re-
fined sugar, 25 to 26.

INDIA.

The following is from the Bombay Gazette of the
26th April:—
His Excellency Sir G. R. Clerk, K.C.8., took his
departure from Bombay on the 24th April, having
embarked on board her Majesty's steamer Dalhousie
at 5 p.m.
His Excellency the Hon. Sir 11. B. E. Frere,
K.C.8., assumed the charge of the Government of
Bombay and its dependencies on the 24th April, and
took the oaths and his seat under the usual salute
from the garrison.
The budget of the Government of India for 1862--
63 was brought forward in the Imperial Legislature
by the Hon. S. Laing, on the 16th April. The
financial statement of our able Chancellor of the
Exchequer occupied more than two hours in the
delivery. The general results were stated as fol-
lows :—" The year 1860-61 closed a long series of
deficits with one still estimated at £6,000,000, and
which in reality was upwards of £4,000,000.
1861-62 sees this deficit extinguished by a reduction.
of £5,000,000 of expenditure effected within
12 months in a total expenditure of £20,000,000
open to revision. Further reductions and continued
buoyancy of revenue find us in 1862.63, notwith-
standing the remission of the licence tax, and a large
increase of outlay on opium and public works, with
a surplus of £1,428,623. We apply this surplus-
-Ist, In further augmenting by £524,813 the grants
for public works and education ; 2dly, in reducing
to the normal rate the exceptional import duties
imposed on manufactures ; 3dly, in relieving two-
thirds of the payers of income tax from all further
assessments. We close the year 1861-2 with a cash
balance of £17,690,000. We have every reason to be-
lieve that our estimates are on the safe side, and that
we shall close the year 1862-3 with at least an equal
balance." The statement must give the greatest sa-
tisfaction to the people of India and of Britain; to
the former especially, for the announcement it con-
tains that " there is every fair and reasonable pro-
bability that we may in three years or sooner be
able to dispense with the income tax." Mr. Laing
concluded his clear, able, and satisfactory statement
with these sensible words—" This is the simple state
of facts laid before you without exaggeration or
embellishment. There is no doubt that it contrasts
favourably with the financial statements which In-
dia has been accustomed to receive, and with those
which other great empires of the civilised world
have been recently making. Let us not be too con-
fident in this prosperity or relax that wise economy
which has been the principal means of effecting se
beneficial a change. And, above all, let us not for-
get that, while thankful to the Almighty Ruler of
events for giving us peace and tranquillity and this
foretaste of material prosperity, we shall best merit
the continuance of these blessings by using them as
means for higher ends, for the diffusion of civilisa-
tion, the moral and intellectual elevation of our
people, and all that goes to the mighty task of
building up solidly and securely the foundations of
a great and enduring empire. It is, I trust, a happy
augury, that as our late viceroy was able to close
his career in India by relieving 5,000,000 of her
Majesty's Indian subjects from the imposition of
the licence tax, his Excellency the present
Governor-General is enabled to inaugurate his go-
vernment by relieving two-thirds of the income
tax payers, and reducing duties which press on the
commerce of India with the mother country. I
closed my statement last year with the expression
of a confident hope that India might become the
brightest jewel of the British Crown. I close it now
with a still more confident expression of the same
hope, and with a feeling that the twelvemonths
would not have elapsed without something bein
done towards its realisation." g
Mr. Saunders, commissioner to report on the cul-
tivation of cotton, has published a very interesting
report on the province of Oudh. The province
contains 25,000 square British statute miles, or
:6,000,000 of acres. The population is 280 persons
to the square mile. The soil is most fertile, well
adapted to the growth of cotton, flax, sugar-cane,
and all the cereals and other crops that are grown
in any part of India. The climate is cool and moist.
Oudh possesses fine rivers, navigable for steamers.
It contains a million of acres of waste lands, the
soils of which are open, free, and porous. The pro-
vince is capable of producing large quantities of
excellent cotton.
The great Maharaj libel case has been decided in
the Supreme Court of Bombay. There was but one
opinion in the community as to the nature of the
judgment that would be pronounced in this case.
It was universally expected that it would be one
which would vindicate the liberty of the press, the
justice of English law, the cause of progress in this
land, and more especially the moral reform which
is struggling to make headway in this community
against the most powerfully antagonistic influences.
The judgment delivered by the puisne judge, Sir
Joseph Arnould, has fully realised and justified the
public expectation of libel ; there was the most
fully justifying occasion for his exposure of the
scandalous practices of the Maharaj, and the justi-
fication has been completely established. We
regret that we are not able to characterise in the
same terms the judgment of the Chief Justice, Sir
Mathew Sausse. In his judgment, Kursondaa
is guilty of libel, and there was not justifying
occasion for his accusations against the Ma-
haraj. At the same time, the Chief Justice con-
sidered the justification established. His judg-
ment, therefore, was for the Maharaj on the plea
of libel—damages five rupees, without costs.
This will go forth as the judgment of liar Majesty's
Supreme Court in this important case. We greatly
with that her Majesty's judges had been of one mind
in this matter. We need not say that we fully
agree with the puisne judge; if we did not, we be-
lieve we should stand alone in an inglorious isola-
tion from the public of Bombay, European and na-
tive, unconnected with the case.
The capture of Furrah by the Persians under
Sooltan Ahmed Jan is confirmed by latest intelli-
gence from Cabul. Ahmed Jan's troops at Furrah
are said to be 14,500. Persian troops near Herat
"reported to be innumerable." All Affghanistan is
up. Our ally, the old Ameer of Cabul, has taken
personal command of his troops and marched to
Khandahar, resolved either to take Herat from Sool-
tan Ahmed Jan or djiyenunadhesr
areits wstaillllsg.iving
serious
troTubbeleeinssSh
Y;lhseat and tend Cachar. The Murre:Js on the
u
manifesting an
ication on
the river Indus has taken place, 'opening the river
as far as Kala Bagh.
Anffluhfurtherie dfrondt rio
extensionn f the
of pu
steam

It is stated that there is a compact between the
Peninsula and Oriental Company and the Alessa-
genies Imperiales that in the matter of passenger
carriage the Frenchmen are not to underbid the
Englishmen, but are to charge precisely the same
rates between the different ports on the steam line.-
The head quarters of the Commander-in-Chief of
India are now established at Simla, where his Ex-
lency Sir Hugh Rose arrived on the Ist April.
Pandurang Rao, called Rao Sahib, a nephew of
the miscreant Nana, and an adherent of Tantia Te-
pee, has been captured at Chenanee, in the territory
of Jammoo, by the deputy commissioner M'Nabb.
The Hon. C. J. Erskine, Bombay member of tite
Vice-regal Council, has been appointed Vice-Chan-
cellor of the Calcutta University, vice the late Hon-
Wm. Ritchie.

The Great Indian Peninsula Railway Company
have sustained a considerable loss from a fire which
occurred on the 15th April at their Campolee sta
tion. Incendiarism is very prevalent in India.
Treasure to the amount of eight or ten lakhs of
rupees has been found by some convicts in an old
havelee near the Lahore Gate in Delhi.
The proclamation for the transfer of North Canary
from Madras to Bombay has been published. The
transfer took effect on the 16th of April.