The Sun.
London, England, 1862-10-31 00:00:00

THE SUN, lAONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER, 31, 1862.

tened at different times to Spezzia since the date
of his arrival there; we certainly speak not of that
treatment. For from first to last the doctors
gathered together there to his aid have acted
with the most generous, tender, conscientious
care—eagerly solicitious every one of them to
discover if the General's sufferings might be in any
way alleviated.
The treatment we speak of is the treatment
received by GARIBALDI at the hands of the
Colonel (now General) of the Bersaglieri, of the
Italian Commander-in-Chief, of the Italian Prime
Minister, of the Italian Sovereign. If ever man
was trapped, it was GARIBALDI. He was " sum-
moned" by the now Premier of Italy from his
seclusion in his island home of Caprera. He was
authorised to traverse the peninsula, received every-
where by the authorities with royal honours—as
though he had been a Prince of the Blood. He
was empowered to organise the rifle corps of volun-
teers far and wide in various provinces. To what
end ? Why were these volunteers mustered and drilled
and prepared for war in the name of the KING, and
under the personal inspection of GARIBALDI ?
Why ? Was it simply that they might play at
soldiering ? It is an insult to the deeds and the
fame of General GARIBALDI—it is an insult to the
heroism of the Italian nation, to imagine that this
could have been the deliberate scheme set afoot by
the Government at Turin. And yet absolutely the
result is such, is so much of an anti-climax, that it
appears to be impossible and idle to arrive at any
other conclusion. The Hero was deceived. The
nation was deluded. GARIBALDI was "fooled to
the top of his bent." Publicly feasted side by side
with the sons of the KING immediately upon his
landing once more in Sicily, the scene of his histo-
rical exploits,he was almost immediately afterwards
declared before all Europe, by the KING himself,
to be a Traitor and a lawless instigator to
insurrection ! The royal proclamation contain-
ing this flagrant denunciation of himself—
of him, the most illustrious of the subjects of the
Crown, the greatest of its warrior champions !
GARIBALDI manifestly by his conduct afterwards
(and really no wonder) regarded that document as
a ruse, resorted to by the Crown and the Ministry
under the pressure of circumstances. A bewilder-
ing ruse, it is true—one quite inexplicable in its
inconsistency—but still no more than a ruse, and,
therefore, to be treated as such. In arriving at
that conclusion, GARIBALDI was obviously carried
further and further on in his delusion—found his
impression ripen at last into conviction—
that the KING was at heart with him,
while appearing ostensibly to be dead against
his enterprize. Encouraged to that firm and assured
belief by the extraordinary incidents that imme-
diately followed ! By his being permitted to march
from one end of Sicily to the other with a mere
handful of followers ! By his being allowed to slip
easily into Catania! By his being enabled to cross
the Straits of Messina and land quietly upon the
shores of Southern Calabria ! All this—in spite of
the KING'S army and of the KING'S navy ! After
which extraordinary occurrences the hero of Italy,
the warrior of Italy, the Liberator of the KING of
the Two Sicilies was pursued into the mountains and
brutally shot down by the royal troops, by the Italian
soldiers as though he had been the merest brutal
cut-throat and brigand any where to be discovered
among those southern frontiers ! Work like tha t
ought to have been left for anyone rather than for
Italians. The French troops (if the thing was to
be done at all) and not the Italian troops, ought to
have been left to confront GARIBALDI in arms and
with really hostile intentions. Yet as if to signa-
lise the flagrant fact that the incident of Aspro •
monte was no mere unpremeditated casualty aris-
ing out of the over zeal of an impetuous colonel
of Bersaglieri—there was that defiant, ruthless,
execrable order, penned and signed by the Italian
commander-in-chief CIALDINI ! According to
that order of CIALDINI's there was to be
no mistake at all about the manner of
GARIBALDI'S treatment. He was to be hold, in truth,
a veritable enemy to the Crown, and to be pursued
and dealt with accordingly. History will pronounce
upon these events a verdict couched, we may be
absolutely certain, in no very courtly language.
As it is—the events themselves are not yet com-
pleted. GARIBALDI is still lying there with the
rifle ball in his ancle—still with his life in jeopardy,

Mr. DISRAELI is again among the Churchmen.
Why There is a well-known *distich on a certain
personage turning monk in his sickness, with the
usual sequel of sick-bed repentances. We will not
apply the comparison throughout to the Hon. BEN-
JAMIN DISRAELI, but it will not be denied that in
the sickness of Conservatism the hon. gentleman
suddenly developed such an amount of Church
zeal as astonished all his old coadjutors, not to men-
tion those who had read his dissertation on the Jews
in a certain political Biography. Like most novices
he outatepped by far all the old friends of the
newly-espoused cause. While Archbishops and
Bishops, and good, steady-going Tories were for
exempting Dissenters from the burden of Church-
rates, ard for general mitigation of the law on the
subject—" Not a bit of it," said Mr. DISRAELI,
" keep all the old Church-rate law; unless, indeed,
you make it more stringent, and collect the Church-
rates with the Poor-rates." So of the restrictions
on clerical belief, most Churchmen of any intelli-
gence are advocating some relaxation of the rigid
formulro by which clergymen are compelled to bolt,
and after wards digest, as they best can, the whole
of the solid contents of the Prayer-book, and a good
deal besides. But Mr. DISRAELI is for keeping the
screw on the clerical conscience, and compelling
clergymen to believe—the reader must forgive the
expression—what lay Churchmen do not and never
will believe, in its integrity. We do not wonder
that the Bishop of OXFORD is proud to trot out so
distinguished and out-and-out a recruit, yet we
should think it must sometimes be with no little
misgiving of the ultimate effect of the exhibition.

We all see that Mr. DISRAELI is obviously using
the ehurch, even more than the Church is using
him. In
n lont the long speech at Wycombe yesterday,
light upon a sentence which betrays any
personal faith in its heterogeneous creeds and formu-
laries. Mr. DISRAELI evinces a political faith in its
utility as a party cry, strongly enough; and has
said to the Churchmen in distinct terms, " You help
me, and,l will help you"—but it is the fault only of
Mr.DISRAELI himself, if his speeches have produced
the impression that his Church zeal is a political
zeal merely. The result we all know, that is the
present result, for it may well be doubted whether
Mr. DISRAELI and all the political churchmen of
the day, are strong enough to breast the stream
of free thought which is flowing with so full
a tide in the Church itself. Rugby and
Os ford, though nominally and intentionally
working for the Church, are diffusing a style
of thought amongst all thB more vigorous
thinkers on the one hand, and amongst all the more
hierarchical and mediae 7al minded on the other,
which will go far to recasting the Church in some
form very different from that which suits either
politicians or bishops. It is not so much attacks
from without, ably conducted as they are, as intel-
lectual and imaginative energy within, which will
bring 46out, sooner or later, *.;•=o great cilatiP in

the Church. however, this " deluge" will not be
likely to come till after Mr. Diu tAELfa time.

The Nonconformist will think Mr. DISRAELI,
we should think, much more than far-seeing
Churchmen will for his elaborate defence of endow-
ments against voluntaryism. The Bishop of OX-
FORD was content to place their value in the inde-
pendence they confer on the man who is required,
by his position, to be a rebuker of other men's sins.
Mr. DISRAELI is not content with this modest de-
fence. Perhaps he distrusts it. He may think
that endowed clergy are not more faithful to their re•
sponsibilities than the unendowed ; and may remem-
ber that earlier and poorer ages of the Church have,
whether correctly or not, the reputation of having
been " purer" ages. Mr. DISRAELI has much more
profound and statesmanlike considerations to urge.
Adverting to the demand made by many Church-
men to separate the Church from the State—he says
" impossible, unless she go out without her endow-
ment. The State would never suffer such a wealthy
corporation to become an imperium in imperio." He
had, when pleading for the curates, declared the
Church of England to be a poor Church—however,
it is too rich to be trusted without State control in
the enjoyment of State wealth ; and, without its
national wealth, Mr. DISRAELI seems to
think, it would become not merely the " Episco-
pal sect," but dwindle to slight importance
among the sects of the day. The honourable gentle-
man, however, does not stop here. He proclaims
that such is the difficulty of governing in these
days, that statesmen would be determined to retain
their hold on the clergy and would therefore subsi-
dise all alike; and this moult he tells us would be
"disastrous alike for Chirtichman and Nonconfor-
mists." Here, we confess, we are completely lost
in our great novelist's ingenuity. If it be good for
the ministers of one sect to be supported by the
State, why it should be " disastrous" for all to be
supported alike, is not easy to see. An old proverb
respecting the appropriate condiment for the "goose
and the gander" will force itself upon our homely,
practical understandings, though we, of course,
acknowledge that there may be some " Asian
mystery" in the reasoning beyond our compre-
hension.

Mr. DISRAELI is in his way quite practical.
He points out to the Church " five great means
of increasing her strength," and reducing the other
half of England's worshippers to becomingly modest
proportions. The Church must grasp and retain
the education of the people in her hands—it was
the grand engine of the Jesuits. She must hold
firmly the parochial system ; she must multiply her
curates ; she must admit the co-operation of the
laity. lat the Church of England but watch and
work in all these good ways ; above all, let her but
turn Dissenting members out of Parliament, and
return only men pledged to support DERBY and
DISRAELI, and then the Church will bo safe. In a
word, Liberalism means the Church in Danger—
Toryism, the Church in Power.

We are very unwilling to think of anything so
base as interest controlling the decision of a body
of 200 gentlemen, on such a subject as a great
public charity, yet the general public will be
strongly tempted to suspect some unfair influence
if the Governors of St. Thomas's Hospital persevere
in their present course. Our readers can turn to
the report of their meeting on Tuesday last, in
another column, and they will see that if they err
it will not be without warning in their own body;

their sin will be one of wilfulness, not of ignorance.
There is little, if anything, in the case, on
which every sensible, practical man cannot form
as good an opinion as the governors themselves.
We all know the south side of the Thames, the
locality of the old hospital, and the one temporarily
selected—the Music Hall to which such thousands
flocked to hear Sruno EON and JULLIEN.
We can judge how far this second site is
a fair substitute for the one required by the
irresistible claims of railways. And we imagine
that hardly an individual can be found who would
not pronounce it just the thing. It is a more open,
pleasant, and healthy site than the old one ; it is
nearly, if not quite, as accessible to the same large
population ; there is ample room to enlarge to any
extent required ; and there would still be some room
for a convalescent patient to enjoy a little open air
outside the hospital, What more, it will be asked,
can be wanted

We reply—nothing. Some, however, seem to
fancy that we ought to have a Sanatorium as well
as an Hospital. A sanatorium may be very well,
very desirable, but not only is an hospital the in-
stitution for which the funds are in trust, but an
hospital is the prior necessity. There are sana-
toriums in plenty within a reasonable ride of
London, on the coast especially, and if the
expense of sending invalids thither can
be met, so much the better, and Kennington
Park, within a stone's throw of the Music
Hall, is itself no coutetnptible sanatorium for con-
valecents. But the hospital is required for
the large number of cases which need
prompt attention on the spot, and for those
whose friends cannot easily convey them at
once to a distant suburb. An hospital ought surely
to be as near as possible, therefore, to a dense
population, and especially to a population like that
on the South side of London where accidents are
especially numerous. To compel each of these cases
to be brought six or seven miles to the doors of the
hospital, and that too, whether sure of admission or
not, is indeed to lay a heavy burden on shoulders
least able to beer it.

So manifest is the absurdity of the course the
Directors are inclined to pursue, that it is this
which generates the impression that there is sonic
job being at the bottom. The class from which the
patients are taken would all vote for the present
site; the medical men, who could not leave their
practice to go so far as Wandsworth, vote for it ;
the medical school, needing the advantages of the
metropolis, vote for it. But who, then, would move the
hospital ? The answer is-21 out of 200 governors
vote to go into the country—to a site which will
make the hospital a greater advantage to a certain
railway than to any one else, and where possibly
some architect may like the chance of showing his
skill on an edifice new from the foundation.

How even this miserable per tentage of the
governors was obtained is explained in a letter to a
contemporary to-day—it seems probable that by an
accident many who might have been present at the
meeting were not—and referring to the decision to
look out for 40 acres of land in the coantry, he says
—" But how was this decision arrived at? St.
Thomas's Hospital has, as above stated, about 200
governors. Of these, on the very important occa-
sion referred to, only 50 were present. Of the 50
there were 10 who either left before the vote was
taken, or for some other reason refrained from
r cording their Totes> Of the 10 who voted., 24
were fur the treasurer's resolution, and 16 against
it. Of the 24 who carried the resolution, 17 (in-
cluding the treasurer) were members of the Grand
Committee ; three others were the treasurer's three
sons; and a fourth was his nephew,
who hold an
hospital living."
To such a decision, and after such a meeting, the
public will pay little respect. It is asserted that
'IHE SITE NOW OCCUPIED IS THE LARGEST HOSPI-
-14314 SITZ EVIWPZ. If it be deserted-I;kealthY,

convenient, spacious as it is—the public will surely
demand to linoW the reason why.

After Mr, COBDEN'S speech St Rochdale, on
Wednesday, the speeches delivered yesterday, at
Chatham, by Lord CLARENCE PAGET and Sir FREDE-
RIC SMITH, M.P. for the Borough, came to us each
as something singularly apropos, fall upon our atten-
' tion with a certain amount:of aplomb. They are
full of encouragement. They assure us, at any
rate, that if we are paying dearly for our war-
like armaments in a time of peace, we have already
won we are already winning proportionate advan-
tages. In regard to our Navy the noble lord, the
Secretary to the Admiralty spoke thus confi-
dently down at Chatham only yesterday. He
said that " with regard to the present state and
condition of their naval forces, it was with the
utmost pleasure and gratif cation he could assure
them that the British navy was never in a more
satisfactory condition than it was at the present
moment. He had no intention of making that
assertion in a mere boastful spirit, but he had
made it after full deliberation. Looking, then, at
the improved feeling throughout the service, at
the increased facilities for manning the navy, and
also at the excellent feeling which now pervaded
the officers and men of the merchant service, he was
justified in saying that if ever the day came. we
were never in a better position to enter into war,
and there was never a time when the navy of Eng-
land was in a more efficient state." Lord CLARENCE
PAGET adding that, " thanks to the great exertions
made in our dockyards, our iron-cased fleet was in
such a position as to render us safe from any at-
tacks, and before next spring England would as-
sume her proper place in that respect." As to our
army, Sir FREDERIC SMITH declared shortly
afterwards that he had no hesitation in
saying that it was never in a better po-
sition. Reference being made, as a matter; of
course, by the Lieutenant-General to;the fact that
the country has now added to her regularly-or-
ganised defences a well-disciplined body—widely
distributed and systematically kept in an ad-
mirable state of efficiency—numbering no less than
160,000 Rifle Volunteers. Beyond all which—this
was the announcement, in fact, giving especial
importance to yesterday's banquet at Chatham—the
noble lord the Secretary to the Admiralty intimated
to his 200 hearers, and through them to the coun-
try at large, that Chatham is about immediately to
be transformed into the most magnificent arsenal in
the world.

COLLISIONS ON THE MERSEY.—Yesterday
(Thursday) morning a dense fog prevailed over Liverpool
and the neighbourhood, and in the course of the morning
the ferry steamer Woodside ran into the Turkish frigate
anchored in the river, both vessels being considerably da-
maged. The Dublin steamer Windsor was also run into
by another coasting steamer; slightly injured.
A DUEL IN ITALY.—The Balza lililltare having
mentioned in terms of approval the decision of the Council
of Discipline, which condemned to dismissal the 29 Sicilian
officers who asked to resign their commissions, and refused
to aid in putting down the insurrection, a challenge was
sent to that journal, and a duel was fought yesterday by
its editor, Luigi Chiaia, and one of the officers. The editor
was slightly hurt in the nose, and received two other
wounds of a more serious character, but he wounded his
adversary in the face and in the right arm, so as to render
him unable to continuo the combat. The duel was strictly
in accordance with the laws observed in such cases, and,

as:they say, honourably terminated the difference.
" STONEWALL" JACKSON'S PRAYERS.—Mr. Slidell,
tho Southern Commissioner, was recently asked whether
the accounts of the Southern hero's religious character were

reliable. He replied that they were, and gave an illustra-
tion. The question had, he said, been put to the general's
negro attendant, and his answer was, " Oh, yes ! quite true.
Massa pray in the morning, Massa pray in the evening ;
but when he gets up to pray in the night, then we may ex-
pect terrible things." The last clause was explained to
mean that, when pressed in mind by any special enterprise
or peril, the general was wont to get up and pray in the
night,
TUE MURRAIN AMONGST CATTLE.^ThiS infec-
tions distemper has lately made its appearance amongst
cattle in the neighbourhood of Keswick, and even the
secluded dales have not been free from it.

GAROTTE ROBBERY AT NEWMARKET.—About 9
o'clock on Wednesday evening, as Mr. Henry Ward, of
Manchester, was proceeding to his hotel in the High-street,
Newmarket, he was attackei by two young men, one of
whom seized him by the throat, while the other took from
him his pocket• book containing upwards of £3OO in Bank
of England notes. Both of them made a desperate effort to
take his watch, but failed.

CORNISH FISHERY.—A very large catch of pil-
chards was made at Falmouth on Tuesday by the boats be-
longing to St. Mawes, the quantity enclosed by four seines
being computed at 3,000 hogsheads, the whole of which
would be secured if the weather continued moderate. Such
large bodies of fish have not been seen on the coast for a
great number of years, particularly on the south aide. At
St. Mawes the fishery has been totally unsuccessful for
nearly 20 years until the present. At Cadgwick, near the
Lizard, 2,000 hogsheads were enclosed on Monday, but the
"tack" was so great as to burst the seines after .200 hogs-
heads had been landed.

HYDRAULIC POWER AT THE LIVERPOOL DOCKS.

—The Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, at their meeting
yesterday, agreed to apply hydraulic power to the gates at
the Wellington half-tide dock, the Huskisson Locks, the
Sandon Dock entrance, and the outer storm gates at the two
Jast-named docks, and also to provide two hydraulic capstans
on the pietheads of Sandon-basin, at an estimated cost of
£9,205. It was explained that great advantage N 1 ould result
to the working of the trade of these docks by the application
of hydraulic power ; that the gates by this means could be
opened or closed in three minutes, whereas, by the old sys-
tem, half an hour was occupied in the performance of this
operation ; and that after hydraulic power was applied to
the gates they could be kept open for the admission of ship-
ping for 20 minutes longer than at present.
THE ITALIAN ARMY.—TURIN, Oct 27.—At 11
o'clock this morning King Victor Emmanuel left the palace
on a magnificent white Arabian charger, followed by the
Prince of Carignano, the Duke of Aosta, Count Pettiti,
Minister of War, General de Sonnaz, Commander of the
troops, and a numerous staff, in which were to be seen
many veterans covered with the decorations they had won
in eight or ten battles, and a crowd of young aides belong-
ing to the most celebrated families in Italy. Eight regi-
ments of infantry, two of cavalry, two battalions of Ber-
saglieri, and 12 pieces of artillery were reviewed in the
Piazza d'Arme, and the appearance they presented was ex-
tremely imposing. If these men were a fair specimen of
the 280,000 now forming the Italian army—which next
spring will consist of 325,000—it will deserve to be regarded
as one of the finest armies in the world.
" LES MISERABLES." By Victor Hugo.—A
second edition of the authorised English translation of
" Les Miserables" has already been issued by Messrs.
Hurst and Blackett. "It is not unlikely" (says the Morn-
ing _Herald) " that the circulation of M. Hugo's now fa-
mous novel, in its English version, will equal that obtained
in its original form. As to the merits of the work itself
there can be no dispute. It is a magnificent novel. And
it is the work, not of a novelist only, but of a poet and phi-
losopher. The story is admirably told. Each character is
drawn with a constant reference to nature. We should
have to copy nearly the whole work to give an idea of the
wonderful power with which the story is worked out into
a novel which we believe to be unmatched in literature."
DEATH OF THE COUNTESS ZAMOYSKI.--We read
in the Debats :—The system of rigour which the Russian
Government continues to apply to Poland produces conse-
quences more and more disastrous, tending to fill up the
measure of the patience and resignation of the Polish peo-
ple. To the consternation caused by the exile without trial
of Count Andre Zamoyski another emotion, not less mourn-
ful, has now to be added. The Countess Andre Zamoyski,
wife of the illustrious patriot, has died of the illness with
which she was attacked when the arbitrary measure of exile
was adopted towards her husband ; and, according to the
accounts which we have received, there can be no doubt
that her mental anxiety has hastened her death. Will
Count Andre Zamoyski, who was first refused permission
to pass through Warsaw, to see his suffering wife, and
afterwards permission to return to see his dying wife, will
he now receive authority to attend her funeral ? So much
rigour, without motive, without discernment and measure,
gives us little reason to hope it. We may well ask what
advantage, what beneficial result to it, to its policy, to its
interests, the Russian Government can possibly expect
from the pitiless persecutions from which Poland suffers
alone, but by which she is not, thank God, alone excited.
THE REV. F. D. MAURICE.—A weekly religious
journal yesterday announced that the Rev. Frederick
Denison Maurice had resigned his preferment in the Church
of England. Although the actual resignation has yet to
be made, and may be delayed for a fortnight or three
weeks, we understand that the announcement of our con-
temporary correctly expresses Mr. Maurice's firm r
resolve.
According According to a diplomatic despatch, oei
Constantinople, dated 28th October, no event of e
importance
h 45 QCO.Arred At A.theaa lice the Uth'

LATEST NEWs.

SPEZZIA, OCT. 29, EVENING.

At the consultation held to-day respecting the
state of Garibaldi's wound 17 physicians were

present.

The examinations, made with the finger and
probe, although incomplete, caused suffering to the
patient.

It was impossible to find the ball, but in the
opinion of the physicians it was still in the wound.

A repetition of the examination will be requisite
to establish the exact position of the projectile, and
allow of its extraction being proceeded with, if
posssble, without serious injury to the patient.
Garibaldi's general state of health is satisfactory,
and it is believed that no important surgical opera-
tion will be required.

OCT. 30, EVENING.
M. Benedetti has had an audience of the King
in order to take leave.

Dr. Nelaton, in passing through Turin this after-
noon, is said to have stated that the extraction of
the ball from Garibaldi's wound was not difficult,
and that a cure was certain.

There will only remain a slight stiffness of tho
ankle joint.

MADRID, OCT. 30.

The Council of Ministers has decided upon open-
ing the Cortes on Dec. 1. The Marquis of Duero
will be the government candidate for the Presi-
dency of the Senate.

CASSEL, OCT. 31.

In yesterday evening's private sitting of the
Chamber of Deputies, the following members were
chosen to form the Permanent Committee :

Herren Nebelthau, Fredrich Oetker Henzele,
Zucschlag, and Hartwig,

A Committee of 11 members was also selected to
prepare the address in answer to the speech frem
the throne.

PARIS, OCT. 30.

The Presse of this evening says
" The departure of the French fleet for Greece
has only been delayed by reason of the understand-
ing between the three protecting Powers, who have
resolved to apply the principle of non-intervention
to Greece. The members of the Provisional Go-
vernment have given assurances to the represnta-
tives of England, France, and Russia that the revo-
lution would be confined to Greece."

La France of this evening says:—
" The elections will take place in Greece on the
10th of November. The understanding between
the three Powers has deprived Grecian affairs of
their importance for Europe, It is believed that
England, as well as France, and even Russia, wish
to respect the Treaty of 1856."

AMSTERDAM, OCT. 30.
The Bank of Amsterdam has raised its rate of
discount to 4 per cent.

CASSEL, OCT. 30.

The Diet was opened to-day by Herr von Stiern-
leer, in the name of the Elector. The Speech from
the Throne announced that for the present only a
new electoral law would be submitted to the Diet.
The government reserved its other communications.
At the conclusion of the ceremony of opening the
Chambers tin government commissioner presented
the Election Bill. The public sitting then closed.

WARSAW, OCT. 30.

The official journal of to-day publishes an article
stating that the government has discovered a central
revolutionary committee under the presidency of
Gen. Mi.rnslawski. and fmrPrtained its objort. The
article asserts also that the principal aim of the
committee was to collect taxes for revolutionary
purposes to the amount of one-half per cent. on
property and five per cent. on the income of each
individual.