The Sun.
London, England, 1865-04-05 00:00:00

NEWS PAP E R
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I who had drawn up the creed of thl/4
The hitherto blocked-up domain of po_
vaded. Unknown points of view as to the solidarity
of peoples, as -to commercial rights, as to the organi-
sation of business matters and salaries, dawned upon
the practical mind of the Anglo-Saxon race. A
new political group took its seat beside the Whigs
and the Tories. Henceforth it never quitted the
House of Commons. There it acquired its rank, its
influence ; there it caused part of its doctrines to
prevail. Nor do we either adopt the whole. We
narrate the life of Richard Cobden, and we see that
it cannot separate itself in anything from that which
has been done in this way and in this great econo-
mic movement. That which constituted the charac-
teristic of this life was the remarkable moderation,
the sagacious slowness with which Cobden pursued
he series of those reforms. He first attacked the
agricultural monopoly of the great landowners by
the Corn Law League, then established the associa-
tion for financial reform, and, lastly, propagated
agitation in favour of peace. From first to last
Cobden was the energetic champion of these causes.
He was the first to put forward these new theories
in the Manchester Chamber of Commerce ; he has
since been the promoter of most of the measures
taken to insure success ; he advocated them in Par-
liament with very various fortune, but without his
courage and conviction ever being wearied. One
special characteristic, and worthy of peculiar admi-
ration in the man England has just lost, is that
Europe and the world have been losers by the same
blow. It may be said that he was the type of the
true economist, the citizen of the commercial uni-
verse. Very sincerely attached to British interests,
he did not separate them from those of other peoples
—he saw the development and greatness of his
country in the development and greatness of rival
nations, for he only understood the rivalries of
peace. It was thus that he passed part of his life
in travelling from country to. country, preach-
ing—so to speak—his industrial crusade, spreading
hidoctrines
One,everywhderaey
h tryinge terencouhnisfead pvouuriotne
arm—persuasion.
his road one of those universal genii whose powerful
hand knows how to cause the word to germinate and
bear fruit. Richard Cobden in dying has had the
joy of seeing the economic task, so grandly under-
stood by Napoleon 111., spread its rays through the
whole of Europe under the impulse of a French states-
man. In this France was faithful to her initiative
mission. Richard Cobden knew how to understand
her ;he loved France. France will not forget him.

p PRICE 4d.
STAMPED sd.

Davis to superintend the cotton trade in that region.
He announces that no cotton shall leave that depart-
ment unless the Government assessment of 25 per
cent.. shall be paid.
Fort Myers, on the Florida coast, has been aban-
doned by the Federal forces, who were withdrawn
to Fort Delaney on Punta Bassa.

The Richmond Despatch states, on the authority
of Mobile papers, that Kirby Smith has 25,000
negroes armed, equipped, and organised, and that
he has on the muster-rolls over 100,000 names, of
whom 80,000 are effective for service.
A Halifax telegram states that the Government
of Nova Scotia, abandoning the hope of an early
union of the provinces, will submit the scheme of a
confederation to the maritime powers only, and will
proceed with certain public works left in abeyance
while the larger scheme was pending.
The Toronto Globe, of the 24th of March, says
that, in consequence of the action of Nova Scotia,
the Canadian Government will be speedily called
upon to adopt an entirely new policy on the
subject.

A full official report of General Thomas, recently
published, states that, from September 17th to
January 20th, his army captured over 13,000 pri-
soners, including seven general and nearly 1,000
other officers, and 72 pieces of artillery—the
Federal losses during that period not exceeding
10,000 in killed, wounded, and missing. This re-
port embraces the battle before Naskville, and the
military operations down to the atandonment of
the pursuit of Hood's army.

General Grant telegraphs the following extracts
from the Richmond papers :

It is understood in official circles that no fighting
has occurred in North Carolina since Sunday, and
from all we can learn, it appears that Sherman has
not attempted no advance since his check on that
day.

General Hardee's victory on the 16th was a very
important one, and as regards the enemy a most
bloody affair.

General Johnstone telegraphs that in that.battle
the Confederate loss was 450, while that of the
enemy was 3,300.

(From the Paris Temps.)
A despatch from London transmits the unex-
pected news of Mr. Cobden's death. It is not merely
an English sorrow. In every history, in every nation,
there are two kinds of great men—those whose
glory and whose services exclusively national in in-
tention or result, meet beyond the frontiers only
with indifference or hostile protests—such is gene-
rally the glory of conquerors and military men ; and
those who, in serving their country, have had the
desire and the happiness of serving at the same time
the general cause of civilisation and progress. Mr.
Cobden was of the latter class. The sorrow at his
death is a universal sorrow, because the principles
he has established, and the changes his initiative
has caused in England, have a general value, and
interest all humanity. But, next to England, it is
in France where his death will be most acutely re-
gretted, not only because he was one of the nego-
tiators of the treaty of commerce—that title would
not yet be counted by everybody—but because he
loved our country, and was the persevering defen-
der of the French affiance. There is not a man of
whom England has reason to be prouder, and yet
there is not one who was more elevated above all
national narrowmindedness, or who more resolutely
assailed the prejudices of his countrymen, when he
considered himself compelled to do so by his con-
science. Mr. Cobden frequently resided among us ;
he liked to come and claim from France or Algeria
relief for delicate health prematurely impaired.
There are few persons in Paris in the world of
politics or letters who have not had an oppor-
tunity of knowing and appreciating him. His con-
versation was full of charm, and displayed side by
side with much acuteness the candour of the
thoroughly honest man. Paris even saw him as an
orator in the Peace Congress of 1849, and here we
touch the point upon which Mr. Cobden was utopian.
He believed in the possibility of definitive peace
among men even at present, and assuredly he was
deceived, or at all events much in adl ante of his
age. A generous error, however, and even benefi-
cent ; for no matter how distant may be the ideal,
it is good that men sbould be met with sufficiently
convinced to show it to humanity that it may be
looked at and unceasingly approached ; and it would
not even be just to say that the pacific mission of
Mr. Cobden has been without result. It has power-
fully, too powerfully perhaps, acted upon the public
mind in England, and the ultra-pacific attitude of
the English Government in the recent complications
which threatened European peace must certainly be
in part attributed to it.
(From the Debats.)

The fight took place at Averysboro' on Cape
Fear River, half-way between Raleigh and Fayette-
ville. General Johnstone's defeat of the enemy
last Sunday, the 18th, occurred at Bentdnville, near
the Neuse River. By these facts we are informed
that Sherman is pushing towards Raleigh in two
columns, one moving due north from Fayetteville,
and the other north-west from Newbern. General
Hardee fought the former, and General Johnson the
latter.

The reports in Richmond of the fighting in North
Carolina as given by the Despatch of that city, in
General Grant's official despatch, confirm with these
in Raleigh published in the papers of that place.
The Raleigh Confederate of the 21st says it hopes
within a few days to give cheering intelligence. So
far everything is encouraging.
In the affair which occurred a few days since be-
tween Hardee and Sherman's forces, we repulsed,
successfully, five assaults upon our lines, and held
our position until the object was effected.
In drawing off we lost two guns because the
horses had been killed.
Our loss in the affair was about 400 killed and
wounded ; the enemy about 4,000. -
Of the battle of Sunday correspondents state
that a very decided advantage was gained by our
troops. The enemy was driven several miles, with
heavy loss. We captured some artillery.
The first battle occurred on the 16th, near the
junction of the Black and South River on the
Fayetteville and Goldsboro' railway, some 15 miles
below Bentonville, in the vicinity of which place
the battle of Sunday occurred.
It would appear from the foregoing that the rebels
fell back 15 miles, after gaining a victory on the
19th, on which the Union loss was a bloody one.
It is evident that no decisive battle has been fought.
The _Richmond Sentinel of the 23d says Goldsboro'
has been evacuated. At last accounts the enemy
had not entered.

The organisation of negro troops in Richmond is
going on as fast as possible.
Postmaster-General Dennison has invited pro-
posals for conveying the mails by means of a
monthly line of first-class American seagoing steam-
ships between San Francisco and ports in the
Chinese empire, touching at the Sandwich Islands
and Japan.

The Richmond Examiner says the conscription of
negroes goes on with difficulty. Guards are sta-
tioned at every camp, yet the negroes escape. There
is a great panic among the blacks, and much reluc-
tance among the whites, upon the question of arm-
ing the slaves.

The telegraph brought us yesterday the sad news
of the death of Mr. Richard Cobden, one of the
men who has exercised the most influence over eco-
nomical ideas, both in England and in the rest of
Europe. Mr. Cobden died young ; he was only
about 60 years of age. We shall shortly devote a
special article to the examination of his labours and
his political career.

The Examiner of the 21st says there are in that
city between 5,000 and 6,000 women and children
belonging to men who fled from the rebel conscrip-
tion and escaped to the North. As provisions are
scarce, it is proposed to send these people North at
once.

MONTREAL, March 25.—The arguments in the
St. Alban's raiders' case closed last night, and a
decision is promised on Wednesday next.

(From the Sicle.)
Cobden is dead ! It is a great loss for England,
where ho might soon have been called upon to play
an important political part, and for every country
in which liberal ideas have supporters, and in which
the services Cobden rendered them in his too
hastily interrupted career are not forgotten.

The French Press upon Mr, Cobden's Death.

(Front the Moniteur)

"The 19th century has just lost one of those men
who will do it the most honour, and will best cha-
racterise the part our time will play in the history
of humanity. Richard Cobden is dead. He was
brought up in poverty ; in his youth he herded
sheep. His early education was that of a child of
the people ; he learnt to read, to write, and to cast
accounts. Trade presented to him irresistible
attraction, and an opportunity soon offered
itself. He became a traveller on commis-
sion. Step by step he encountered the strug-
gles, the difficulties, the vicissitudes of fortune,
and raised himself to the position of a great
manufacturer, towealth, and personal independence.
Chance had led him to Manchester, and had made
him a cotton manufacturer ; it had plunged him
into that essentially international trade which re-
quires a primary material at the extremity of the
earth, and which lives principally by export and exi-
change. Who can tell whether the long practical
reflections of the young manufacturer upon his own
product did not light up in his mind the first rays of
that theory of free trade which was to illuminate
the commercial world ? Cobden has not related in
his writings how he became an economist, how he
became a freetrader ; but we may be allowed, in
presence of his open tomb, to go back to those years
of his youth when he asked of America that precious
h fipirleodduwcita with
vegetable production which fed his labours. Ho was
able at the same time to study the movement of the
European markets to which he sent is
Ho was able, while looking at his factories
workmen, to reflect thattlielifibrserttycoonfdciotlinonmser of that
andthat
prosperity and welfare were
peace. It was after such teachings, as we may now
be permitted to suppose, that he presented himself
one day to the Manchester Chamber of Commerce
to explain the first rudiments of a new policy. This
group of manufacturers appeared formed to under-
derstand the substitution of the utilitarian idea for
the feudal and chivalrous idea. This centre of ma-
terial production was well calculated to become the
Athens of free exchange. The new prophet suc-
ceeded. From that time forth Cobden commenced
his work. He had a centre, followers, and disciples.
England was covered with branches. The Free Trade
League was created. The struggle went on for eight
years, Richard Cobden at its head, opposed to Sir
Robert Peel--Sir Robert Peel who, himself one
day convinced by his own genius, was to open
the gates of the fortress to the assailants. The
struggle went on, and the soldiers never wanted for
chiefs. Subscriptions flowed into the treasury; spon-
taneous orators, unknown adepts, aided with all
their powers in every part of Gieat Britain the man

(From the Presse.)
Death is blind ! Instead of taking Lord Pal-
merston, who was born in 1784, who consequently
is 81 years of age, and who personifies a policy still
older, Death has carried off Richard Cobden, who
was born in 1804, and who was only 61 years of
age. The least that all Europe owes to his memory
is a day of mourning. Should Europe not go into
mourning, there is at all events one newspaper that
will have done so.

[The whole of the front page of the Presse is sur-
rounded with a black border.]
(From the Constitutionnel.)
In the death of Mr. Cobden England loses one
of her most illustrious citizens, and economic science
one of its loftiest and purest lighti. The last time
we had the honour of seeing Mr. Cobden he spoke
about France and her sovereign in terms which are
the
eer indefatigable
thetig abAle Anti-Corn-Law
initiatori-Cor n-L
of aw a
engraved on our memory, and still more deeply on
our heart. The future will not perhaps adopt all
the views of
League, but it will undoubtedly assign a distin-
guished
prolific idea.
positiontiie to founder h

THE ITALIAN CRICHTON.--Pie de Mirandola
(making allowance for exaggeration) was a remark-
able man in his day. lie was born in 1463, and died at the
early age of 31. 110 was the third son of John Francis,
Prince of Mirandola and Concordia, and when only 10
years old acquired great reputation for his gifts as a poet
and orator, lie abandoned his estates to his brother and
devoted himself to study in the Universities of Italy and
Franco. He appeared at Rome when only 23, and offered
to support his thesis "De (mini re scibili" against all comers,
and published his list of 900 propositions. Many of these
propositions were pronounced by the theologians of the
day to be heretical, and were condemned by Pope Innocent
VIII. lie soon after retired to Florence, where he gave
himself up to religion and the study of the Platonic philo-
sophy, and died in 1494. his collected works were pub-
lished in Belgium in 1496, and at Venice in 1498.

A ROYAL STAG HuNT.--Yesterday, by way of
affording a finish to the hunting season, his Royal
Highness the Duc d'Amnalo invited the members of the
Worcestershire Hunt and other sporting gentlemen of filo
county to a stag hunt with his royal highness's famous
pack of harriers. The meet was fixed for the Northwich
Arms, in the suburbs of the town of Evesham, and prior
thereto his royal highness entertained a large party at
breakfast at Woodnorton. Sportsmen flocked from all parts
of the county to the rendezvous. Among those at the meet
were his Royal Highness the Due d'Aumale, Prince Join-
vino, and several ladies and other members of the ex-royal
family of France. The day was warm and sunny, and
when the stag was uncarted at half-past 11 there could not
have been less than 500 horsemen present. The stag at
once made away for Childswickham, on the borders of
Gloucestershire, through a beautiful level country with
plenty of fences of all kinds.