The Sun.
London, England, 1865-10-24 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 24, 1865.

" It is truly marvellous."—Times.
,THAROAH'S
S ERPENT, S."
Post free 13 stamps.
STEREOSCOPIC COMPANY,
51, Cheapside, and 110, Regent-street.

E VER YB OD Y'S BUSINESS.

GREAT ST. JAMES'S-HALL.—WORLD of
MAGIC, Second Sight, and " Begone, Dull Care,"
every evening at 8. A Day Performance, Saturday, at 3.
" The most varied entertainment in the metropolis."—Vide
the Press. Admission, is.

PROFESSOR and the Misses ANDERSON.—
Farewell season. —World of Magic. Second Sight, and
the original Indian Basket Trick, in conjunction with Fre-
deric (the great) Maccabe, the unrivalled ventriloquist, mimic,
and character actor.

FREDERIC MACCABE, Ventriloquist, Mimic,
fie., in his original entertainment, "Begone, Dull Care,"
"Miss Mary May," "Early in the Morning." Balcony, 2s. ;
reserved seats, 35. ; stalls, ss. ; at Mr. Austin's office, St.
James's-hall, 28, Piccadilly.
A. WEAK% Acting Manager.

CHRISTY MINSTRELS, St. James's Hall,
Piccadilly.—The only original and veritable legitimate
CHRISTY MINSTRELS Every Night at 8, Saturdays at 3
and 8, retaining all the specialties and old favourites who
originally created the reputation of the Company. Faut!nils,
55.; stalls, 3s ; unreserved seats, 2s. ; gallery. ls. Tickets at
Austin's, 28, Piccadilly.—Manager, Mr. Frederick Burgess.

T H 0 XFORD.
6, OXFORD STREET, W.

The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited).
SIXTY-SIX, by J. Offenbach, and a New
CANTATA, by Meyerbeer, will be performed by Misses
Russell, Barrie, Walmesley, Tyrell, Ellen Reid, Madame
Maria, and Miss Fitz Henry ; Messrs. A. St. Albyn, Husk,
Munn. W. Williams, and Senors Tivoli and Spagnoli, with
full Band and Chorus, THIS EVENING.
Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans.

THE BRIDAL of BEAUTY, in which the Misses TESSY
and SARA GUNNISS will appear.
The HUNGARIANS —The Brothers and Sister KIRAL FI
will have the honour of introducing their National Dances
in costume this evening.
Admission—Area, 6d.; stalls and balcony, Is. ; private
boxes, 105. 6d.

NOrICE.—Will shortly be produced, first time in this
country. THE MARKET GIRLS, byJ. Offenbach, in which
the whole of the Opera Company will appear.

CANTERBURY HALL.
KO KO RI KO.
This wonderful entertainment, having proved the 7reatest
hit ever made, will be repeated EVERY EVENING, in ad-
dition to the Operatic Sele3tions, supported by the whole
talent of the establishment.

Comedy, Burlesque, and Ballet by Mrs. and Mr. Randall,
Messrs. Durlah and Davies, the D'Aubans, Mons. Alex-
andre, mimic, and the Sisters Dashwood.

On MONDAY NEXT the favourite, ARTHUR LLOYD,
will make his Re-appearance with New and Original Songs.

Director, Mr. F. Jongmatie.
_ _

All visitors to London at this season should see the above
entertainment.

MADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION.—
Established 30 years, at the Bazaar, Baker-street.
NEW ADDITIONS.—In accordance with the season, the
Exhibition has been entirely re-embellished. The whole of
the ancient Court Dresses of the most costly description,
faithfully copied from the most minute pictures, have been.
renewed. Modern Court Dresses of the most splendid de-
scription, selected from the first houses in Paris and London,
and probably never equalled or surpassed, are now on view.
Life-size Models of DOCTOR E. W. PRITCHARD and
CONSTANCE KENT are now added.
Open from 11 a.m. till 10 p.m.
Admittance, One Shilling; Extra Rooms, Sixpence.

ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street,
Piccadilly.—GßAND CASINO and MUSICAL PRO-
MENADE Is NOW OPEN for the Season.

Musical Director, M. LUIGI CURTL
Manager, Mona. GUENET.
_ _

,
The Band plays nightly Selections from the most eminent
Composers.
Doors open at half-past 8 o'clock; close five minutes to 12
o'clock.

Admission to Promenade, One Shilling.

upper ground were Hippolyta, Warrior, and Lord Glas-
gow's filly. At the T.Y.O. ending post Warrior was
beaten, and Gemma, who appeared full of running, joined
Moulsey as they came over the "Bushes-hill," but half-way
down the hill the pair were headed by Wild Agnes, who ap-
peared to have the best of it as they came out of the Abing-
don Mile-bottom. Half-way in the cords Moulsey came
again, and catching Wild Agnes, at every stride, won a
fine race on the post by a head ; a neck separated the second
and third. The Flutter filly was fourth, Warrior fifth, and
Hippolyta last. On returning to scale Carroll lodged an
objection against Moulsoy and Wild Agnes for having shut
him out, which, upon investigation, was overruled.
Sweepstakes of 10 sovs each; for 3-yr-olds, Bst; 4-yr-
olds, Bst 101 b ; 5-yr-olds and upwards, 9st 11b. The
winner to be sold for 300 sovs (if demanded, Jtc.). Bretby
Stakes course. 8 subs.
Captain Machell's Heir-at-Law, 3 yrs Bst (J. G-imshaw) 1
Mr.sT. Jonning's Crossbow 3 yrs, Bst...' H. Grimshaw) 2
Mr. G. Bryan's Jack O'Lantern, 3 yrs, Bst (S. Adams) 3
Diomed and Donnybrook also ran.
Betting-2 to 1 agst Diemed, 4 to 1 each agst Donny-
brook and Jack o'Lanter4 and 5 to 1 each agst Heir-at-
Law and Crossbow.
Heir-at-Law, with Diome& and Crossbow, got away in ad-
vance of Jack o'Lantern *id Donnybrook, and made the
running into the Abingdon Mill-bottom. Here Diomed
was beaten, leaving the issue with the two. Heir-at-Law
held his own to the end, and won very easily by a length
and a half; twice that distance separated the second and
third. Diomed and Donnybrook finished last, side by side.
Maiden Plate of 50 sovs, for 2-yr-olds ; colts, Bst 101 b ;
fillies and geldings, Bst 71b; the winner to be sold for
.£3OO ; if for £2OO, allowed 71b. Bretby Stakes Course.
Mr. Savile's William Pitt, Bst 31b (.£200) (Edwards) 1
Mr. J. B. Morris's Rose Cheri, Bst (.£200) (Cannon) 2
Lord Westmoreland's Rama, Bst 31b (.£200) (Morris) 3
The following also ran :—Chivalry, Black Prince, Har-
per, Thalia, Catapulta,"tesse-Homburg f, Victoria, and
Nntbourne Lass.
Betting-6 to 4 agst William Pitt, 6 to 1 agst Chivalry,
8 to 1 each agst Rose Cheri and Black Prince.
Shortly after starting, Rama, Rose Cheri, and the favour-
ite appeared slightly in front of their field, and came on so
into the Abingdon Mile-bottom, when the last-named came
out and won a clever race home by half a length. Rama
finished a wretched third, Harper was fourth, and Black
Prince next. The others were pulling up as they came past
the post. Mr. Morris claimed the winner.
Selling Handicap Sweepstakes of 10 sovs each, for 3-yr-
olds and upwards ; the winner to be sold for 100 sovs if
demanded, &c. T.Y.C. 17 subs.
Lord Westmoreland's Lord Ronald, 3 yrs, ist
(J. Grimshaw) 1
Major Fridolin's Bigots, 3 yrs, ist 81b (G. Pratt) 2
Mr. lt. Ten Broeck's Czarina, 3 yrs, fist 121 b ...(Murfitt) 3
The following also ran :—Guardsman, Gazza Ladra,
Rejection, Lady Kinghorn, Radcliffe, Roarer, Discretion,
Jessie, and Balham's dam filly.
Betting-6 to 4 agst Lord Ronald, 5 to 1 agst Bigots, 8
to 1 agst Jessie, and 10 to 1 agst Guardsman.
They ran in company to the cords, where Lord Ronald,
on the lower ground, took a decided lead, followed by
Bigots and Czarina, lying wide to within a few strides of
the chair, when Pratt made his effort, but failing to quite
get up, was beaten cleverly by a length and a half; twice
that distance separated the second and third, Radcliffe was
fifth, and Rejection next.
M. Fridolin claimed the winner, Mr. Ten Broeck Bigots.

• question. It is true there was a bar where a Yankee
girl made cocktails out of execrable brandy, but
nothing except cocktails was procurable for love or
money. The consequence was that the hungry and
thirsty hundred of male and female malcontents dis-
tributed themselves through the town, prudently
keeping within sound of the railway whistle, and
sought the hospitality denied them at the Clifton
House at the minor but very inferior inns, of which
there are about a dozen in the place. Nor did they
search in vain. The more the hungry travellers
complained of the big hotel, the more did the pro-
prietors of the little hotels endeavour to solace them
with good cheer. The result at the time when the
train was announced to be in readiness was that
everybody out of the big hotel was satisfied, and
that perhaps even in that lethargic establishment
the clerks, waiters, and chambermaids had gone to
sleep, and were as happy as their neighbours.
The road from Windsor to Halifax lies over what
in the United States would be called " a God-
forsaken country." A more barren-looking, de-
solate, unpromising wilderness it would be diffi-
cult for a landscape painter or a poet to con-
ceive. Huge unshapely rocks and boulder stones
encumber the ground. The vegetation in the cre-
vices is sparse and short, and the trees that take ad-
vantage of every little oasis in the dreary waste to
woo the winds and the moisture appear as if they
had a hard struggle to maintain their vitality amid
so many discouragements. But appearances are pro-
verbially deceptive, and the wealth of this howling
wilderness, if not to be found above, is to be disco-
vered beneath the soil. The whole district is aurifer-
ous. Four years ago nobody suspected that there
was gold in Nova Scotia. .Now, in the short dis-
tance between Windsor and Halifax scores of gold
mines have been excavated, and most of them are
paying large returns on the capital invested. In a
future letter I propose to describe what I saw in the
course of two visits to German Town and the Wa-
verley Mines, and to give some account of the past
history and present prospects of gold mining in Nova
Scotia. For the present I must confine myself to the
general subject, and hurry on to Halifax, alike the
commercial capital and seat of Government, and the
only considerable town in the province.
The entrance to Halifax, either by the railway or
from the harbour, is not prepossessing, and conveys
no better idea of the place than used to be conveyed
of London when foreigners in the prse-railway age
entwed the great city via the Thames and Wapping
Further acquaintance with the Nova Scotian capita:

tends, however, to remove the first unfavourable
impressions. The place looks like an old-fashioned
English cathedral town, with this differer ee, that
there is no cathedral worthy of the name, and that
the houses are mostly of wood and have no pre-
tensions to architecture. Five or six years ago a
fire swept through two of the principal streets,
and acted to this extent as a public benefactor. It
cleared away hundreds of mean-looking buildings,
which without its agency might have stood for a
century, and the owners had sense and public spirit
enough to take advantage of the calamity, and
re-build their shops and homesteads of bricks
and stone. The result is two handsome business
streets, containing several substantial and orna-
mental public buildings, and a vast improvement
upon the general squalor of the place. A municipal

law prohibits the erection within certain limits of
any new wooden buildings, and in case of fire, or
other destruction of any existing " shanty," its place
must, if supplied at all, be supplied with brick or
stone. Yet the people of Halifax are greatly attached
to their wooden houses. They declare that stone and
brick are damp, and that the only warmth and com-
fort are to be found in the behind timber. Doubtless,
the Micmac Indians who erect their wigwams in the
woods within ten miles of the city, could give rea-
sons equally satisfactory to themselves why wigwams
are greatly superior to marble palaces. Halifax, in
its- main aspects, looks like an inferior copy of Ports-
mouth, and is inhabited by the same classes of people
—soldiers and sailors, crimps and outfitters, publi-
cans innumerable, and a sprinkling of merchants and
professional people. The population is under 30,000,
and is slowly but steadily on the increase. Manu-
factures have made as yet but little progress, but
a start has been taken which will probably lead to
favourable results. There are in the city two or three
ironfoundries, a tobacco manufactory carried on by
two enterprising Scotchmen, which turns out Virgi-
nia tobacco in the shape of cigars and quids in quan-
tities sufficient to meet nearly all the wants of the
province without any aid from Havannah or other
foreign ports, and a flourishing oakum factory
worked by steam power which supplies the merchant
navy frequenting the harbour with all the material
it requires. When this last factory was established
considerable opposition was manifested to it on the
part of the philanthropists of the place, who
argued that the poor negro population, who during
the long winters passed their time in picking
oakum painfully with the fingers, as paupers and
prisoners do in England, would be deprived of
work, reduced to destitution, and thrown upon
public charity for the means of subsistence. The
result has falsified the prediction. The negroes
still continue the oakum-picking, and receive much
higher pay from the mill which buys their inferior
work to place it under machinery than they ever
received before the factory was established ; their
experience thus adding another to many thousands
of similar proofs afforded by the history of mecha-
nical and industrial progress that machinery is the
poor man's friend, and not his enemy, and employs
a much greater amount of human labour in one
way than it displaces in another.
The Nova Scotians and the people of Halifax, like
the New Brunswickers, but unlike the Canadians,
take the greatest possible interest in the question of
Confederation. It is the one topic of discussion in
the press and in society, and is canvassed under all

its aspects, local, intercolonial, and Imperial, by
every class of the people. If there be degrees of
loyalty in the Provinces, and Canada be taken as
the positive, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia may
rank as the comparative and the superlative. New
Brunswick is not fed, as Nova Scotia is, with sop
from the Imperial Treasury, in the shape of the
large dockyard expenditure consequent upon the
selection of Halifax as the principal North Ameri-

can station of the British navy, so that if the loyalty

of New Brunswick may be considered to rest upon a

purely sentimental basis, that of Nova Scotia
will be found to have a groundwork of solid self-
interest as well as of pure affection. There are in
Canada many who talk secretly in favour of annexa-
tion to the United States, but no such persons exist

in the maritime provinces. Hence, in New Bruns-
wick and Nova Scotia the question of Confederation

to British rule, and is always debated within the
limits
overt or latent disaffection
aynce to the mother country.
I n H
great majority of the people are
is not complicatedo f
afxthe
cordial
allegiance
e
strongly in favour of Confederation, though not en-
thusiastic in support of all the details of the scheme.
I gather, however, from the Parliamentary discus-
sions of the last session, that closed in May last,
that in the rural district and the smaller towns on
the coast, and in the interior, the project is not
viewed with the same satisfaction, and that the op-
ponents of the measure are of opinion that if a gene-
ralirepi n.
spt
erßoryf
taaua
daiHousesecs under
dissolution
eof
pi
enssieiloclmtii
aebrrnlsryioli
biloipaptbp, oiefss. ecTdDi
city
election were now to take place the result would
e
ng
Charles
aut
rhnalleee
sari \
.esTituri:
possesses the confidence of the house, and on any
other question than that of the Confederation can

- - ---
command 37 votes out of 55. Dr. Tupper and the
members of his Government are ardent Confederates.
As such they do not think it advisable to force a
premature verdict, which would either cause their
removal from office, or compel them to appeal to the
country on a single issue, on which the public judg-
ment is not yet sufficiently educated to record a
dispassionate decision.
The opposition to confederation in the rural dis-