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London, England, 1862-12-19 00:00:00

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THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 19, 1862.

ATLANTIC AND GREAT WESTERN
RAILWAY (NEW YORK DIVISION).
Coupons due Ist January next will be paid in London at
the Banking House of Messrs. Heywood, Kennard, and Co.,
at the rate of 4s. to the dollar.
London, No. ?, Old Broad-street,
Deo. 18, 1562.

able for the purpose herein stated.—l am, dear Sir, very
faithfully yours,

Lion the Duke expressed himself as perfectly satisfied with
the replies given to the various questions.
After visiting the drawing--roorG, and inspecting the
various drawings and sketches executed by the cadets dur-
ing the past half-year, his Royal Highness and Staff left
Woolwich about 2 o'clock, a salute being fired from a bat-
tery at the garrison.

" ROBERT K. B OWLEY,
General Manager, Crystal Palace.
" Sir C. Wentworth Dilke, Bart., &cl
76, Sloane-street, S,W."

"Exhibition Building, Dec. 18.

" Sir,—Her Majesty's commissioners direct me to request
that you will thank the directors of the Crystal Palace
Company for their letter of this day's date, and for the re-
newed proof therein given of the desire of the company to
contribute to the success of the International Exhibition.

FRENCH CIRCULAR ON THE AFFAIRS
OF GREECE.

The following is a translation of the circular
upon the affairs of Greece recently sent by M.
Drouyn de Lhuys to the representatives of France
abroad:—

" I am, at the same time, however, to state that the Com-
missioners are unable to avail themselves of the obliging
offer made by your uirectors. .
"The Commissioners have intimated to his Royal High-
ness the Prince of Wales their decision to abandon the pro-
posed ceremony of the distribution of the prises. They
have made public their letter to his Royal Highness on the
subject, and they have addressed a communication on the
same effect to all the foreign countries represented in the
Exhibition. They feel therefore that, independently of
other considerations, they could not with propriety request
his Royal Highness's permission to make new arrange-
ments.

Paris, Dec. 4, 1862.

The affairs of Greece have occupied the attention of
Europe for some little time. They have more particularly
interested the three Powers who guaranteed Hellenic inde-
pendence, and they have led to continuous communications
between those Powers, the result of which, we trust, will
be complete unanimity of opinion. I propose to give you
a short analysis of the views that have been exchanged, in
order to enable you to inform the Cabinet to which you are
accredited of the considerations by which we have been in-
fluenced. I undertake this task with all the more confi-
dence, because the Emperor's Government is convinced that
it has followed the course most m accordance with its en-
gagements and its principles.
In Greece we have no interests differing from those of the
other two Courts. Without waiting for you to be urged by
a .y overtures, our first care was to request the Emperor's
Minister at Athens to concert with the representatives of
England and Russia such measures as were deemed ne-
cessary.

" The objection to holding the ceremony at South Ken-
sington was not the impossibility of lighting and warming
the Exhibition building, but the difficulty and inexpedi-
ency of attempting to do so in the limited time at the dis-
posal of the Commissioners.—l am, Sir, your obedient
servant, "F. R. SANDFOB.D, Secretary.

" G. Grove, Esq., Crystal Palace, Sydenham."

ROYAL MILIMAY ACADEMY.

EXAMINATION BY THE DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, the Field-
Marshal Cowman.ding in Chisf, attended by his Aide-de-
Camp, Lieutenant-Colonel H. T. Clifton, General Sir John
F. Burgoyne, G.C.8., Inspector-General of Fortifications,
Lieutenant -General Sir Harry D. Jones, G.C.8., Governor,
and Colonel C. R. Scott, Lieutenant-Governor of the Staff
College, Sandhurst, Major-General Bloomfield, C .B ~Inspec-
tor-General, and Col. Bingham, Deputy-Adjutant• General
of Artillery, arrived at Woolwich at eleven o'clock yester-
day morning, for the purpose of conducting the half-yearly
examination of cadets at the Royal Military Academy, and
to award numerous numerous commissions and prizes.
His Royal Highness and staff were received with a salute
from a battery of artillery, and immediately proceeded
across the comxon to the academy, the whole of the cadets
having previously assembled in review order on the lawn
fronting the building.

The rivalries sometimes seen in former days had ceased
for some years. Nothing had recently happened to disturb
this good understanding, and we were justified is hoping
that the dangers it was necessary to provide against in the
present crisis would be easily averted.

' hese dangers were of two kinds : they might arise out of
the aspirations of Greece yielding to its ideas of aggression
against Turkey; or they might result from the election of
the new sovereign, if it was of a nature to disturb the equi-
librium of the influences upon which the present state of
things in the East is based.
It was necessary in the first place to appeal to the intelli-
gence of the Greeks, and to dissuade them from everything
likely to arouse the susceptibilities of the Porte, or cause it
uneasiness. The cabinets of London and St. Petersburg were
agreed upon this point. Animated, ourselves, by that soli-
citude for Greece which during forty years has inspired
France with so many generous resolutions, we immediately
recommended the Provisional Government to employ all its
influence in calming the national sentiment. We did not con-
ceal from it that our interest would only be secured in pro-
portion to efforts in favour of the maintenance of order and
of peace. Our counsels had no other object than that of
strengthening it in the sentiment of scrupulous respect for
the acts which have determined its relations with Turkey,
and placed Hellenic independence under the guarantee of
European law.
The Emperor's government has regarded from the same
point of view the questions connected with the choice of a
sovereign for Greece.

His Royal Highness and staff, accompanied by Major-
General Sir R. J. Dacres, K.C.8., commandant; Major-
Gen. Sandham, R.E. ; Brigade Major Milward, and other
officers, having carefully inspected the ranks front and rear,
the cadets marched past in companies, and subsequently
went through a complete course of manual and platoon ex-
ercise, under the direction of Col. Yorke, R.E,, and Major
H. T. Fitzhugh, R,A., the evolutions being performed
with the utmost precision. The several classes, numbering
about 280 cadets, then marched to the recently-erected
gymnasium, where the distribution of prizes, &c., had been
arranged to take place, in the presence of a large company,
the majority of whom were military officers and ladies. His
Royal Highness and staff took up a position at a table on
which the valuable prizes were exhibited; and Major-Gen.
Hamilton, Vice-President of the Council of Military Edu-
cation, commenced the proceeding by reading a report from
the Council, to the effect that the examination of the several
classes of cadets, in various branches of military science and
art, was very satisfactory, and reflected credit upon the cadets
and the professors and masters of the institution. Amongst
the examiners Captain Stodhart, R.E., reported that great
progress had been made by the first class in field works and
the construction of military bridges ; and Professor Abel ex-
pressed his entire satisfaction with the advancement made in
chemistry. The second and third classes had evinced much
proficiency in mathematics, German, and French. Consi-
dering the limited period that Hindustani had been taught
at the establishment the progress made was very encourag-
ing. The council recommended that all the cadets of the
first class, 48 in number, having fully proved their qualifi-
cation, should require commissions-20 in the Royal Artil-
lery, 20 in the Royal Engineers, immediate, and the re-
maining eight to be appointed as vacancies °czar.
Col. Yorke then read the following report from Major-
General Sandham, Lieut.-Governor of the academy :
" I have the satisfaction to report to your Royal High-
ness that the gentlemen cadets of the first class are all quali-
fied
ifor commissions by their Iroficience in military exer-
cises and general conduct.
"The periodical exaiaaati6n:ot the junior classes has on
the whole been satisfactory, and, with few exceptions, the
classes hairs shown unusual diligence and emulatkn.
"The examination of the third class has been conducted
according to your Royal Highness's sanction to the recom-
mendation of the Council of Military Education,which had
in view that the practical studies of surveying and artillery
should be carried out more fully by the cadets on their pro-
motion to the second class.
. _

We had wished if possible to carry out the arrangements
of 1832 in all their integrity, by maintaining the crown in
the dynasty to which it was then confined. Public feeling
in Greece did not, however, permit us to hope for a return
of opinion in favour of King Otho, whose misfortunes we
could only deplore, and we soon felt convinced that any at-
tempt to lead the suffrages of Greece towards a Prince of
his dynasty would undoubtedly be a failure. This opinion
was alike shared by the English Cabinet and the Russian
Government. While showing themselves disposed at first
to recognise the candidature of a Bavarian Prince, none of
the three Powers thought that it should be forced upon
Greece. She was then about to seek a Sovereign in another
Royal family.

The protecting Powers thus again found themselves
placed in the position they occupied before inviting King
0 tho to the Hellenic throne. Obeying a sentiment dictated
by a just appreciation of general interests, they had bound
themselves in 1827 by express stipulations not to seek any
private political or commercial advantage, and applying
this principle in their selection of the sovereign for Greece,
they signed on the 3d of February, 1830, a protocol which
excluded all candidature on the part of a prince of their
dynasties. They had named at first Prince Leopold of
Saxe-Coburg, now King of the Belgians, but only after
having decided that he no longer belonged to the Royal
family of England.

In one sense we admit that circumstances are no longer
absolutely identical. The three Powers were empowered
by a formal delegation of Greece to dispose of the crown.
Now the Greeks make direct use of their sovereign power,
and France, England, and Russia may have decided upon
exclusions to which they are reciprocally bound without
being justified, perhaps, in compelling the Greeks at this
moment to adopt their views. But, without pretending
that this restrictive clause of the protocol of the 3d Feb.,
1830, is rigorously applicable to the present state of things,
I think I am not mistaken in saying that the spirit of this
stipulation still exists, and that it is permanent, like the in-
terests which dictated it. Its object was to hinder Greece
from finding itself some day under the exclusive influence of
one of the three courts, because that court would then be-
come dominant in this respect, and would soon be so also
throughout the East, the destiny of which would thence-
forth be in its hands.

" In order to meet the report made by the examining ma-
thematical master at the end of the last term, as to the
general deficiency of cadets on first joining the Royal Mi-
litary Academy in the more elementary broaches of mathe-
matics, a lengthened test of the proficiency of each cadet on
joining has been exacted, with every promise of advantage
to the study of the higher branches of mathematics.
" Opportunities have been afforded to most of the cadets
to sketch from nature. The landscape and topographical
drawings exhibited will show that these studies have pro-
gressed satisfactorily.
" Fair progress has been made in French, German, and
Hindustani.

Guided by these considerations, we have judged the elec-
tion of a new sovereign and the various candidates men -
tioned.

We have had no difficulty in seeing that the Greeks were
intent above all in obtaining a king from some power suffi-
ciently strong to afford them support, and to second their
aspiration►.

"The responsible and sub-divisional under officers and
corporals have exercised their authority and maintained the
discipline of their respective divisions under their officers in
a highly Vita:At) manner, and the conduct of the com-
pany generally has been very good."
His Royal Highness then proceeded to distribute the fol-
lowing prizes :—For exemplary conduct at the institution,
Mr. Ross, a regimental sword, and Mr. Rowe, the Pollock
gold medal, with the inscription, "Founded by the inhabi-
tants of Calcutta to commemorate the eminent services of
Major-Gen. Sir George Pollock, K.C.8., and awarded to
the most distinguished cadet of the season—Cabul, 1842."
Mr. Rowe received three additional prizes, consisting of tele-
scopes and microscope, for surveying, fieldworks and bridges,
and natural philosophy. Mr. Ommanney two prizes, a double
telescope for plan drawing, and a prismatic compass for
landscape drawing. Mr. South, a double telescope for for-
fications. 119 r. Richardson, a case of instruments for mathe-
matics. Mr. Mescal two prizes, an aneroid barometer for
practical geometry, and a pocket sextant for mathematics.
Mr. Bucknill, a pocket compass for geometry. Mr. East, an
aneroid barometeP for landscape drawing. Mr. Lee, a double
telescope for mathematics. Mr. Fawkes, a microscope for
chemistry. Mr. Reynolds, a telescope for practical mecha-
nics. Mr. English, a microscope for geology. Mr. Knocker,
a case of mathematical instruments for mathematics. Mr.
Elsdale, a prismatic compass for mathematics. Mr. Emp-
son, two prizes, consisting of valuable books, from French
and German. Mr. Price, valuable books, for Hindustani.
The cadets to whom commissions were awarded in the
Royal Artillery or Royal Engineers were then severally
called forward and the number of marks gained by each in
the various branches of science read over.

The Emperor's Government, for its part, felt it to be of
the utmost consequence to be free from all interested views.
If it had been less free from personal considerations—if it
had thought less of general interests and of the treaties
which protect them, it might have offered to the suffrages
of Greece a name not without prestige. It has preferred to
give fresh evidence of its solicitude for the peace of Europe
and scrupulously basing its conduct upon engagements, it
has rejected all idea of a French candidate.
We had at first merely to express ourselves in general
terms upon the candidatures of Prince Alfred and the Duke
de Leuchtenberg. We would not enter into a more com-
plete examination while we had reasons for thinking that
the British Government was not disposed to give Prince
Alfred to the Greeks. All that we could say at first was,
that the idea of an English monarch at Athens, associated
as it was in the plans of the Greeks with the assumed
abandonment of the lonian Isles by England, would arouse
aspirations among them which might lead to the gravest
complications, and inevitably increase the confidence they
placed in the support of England.
By his origin the Duke de Leuchtenberg had claims upon
the special sympathy of the Emperor's Government. It
might have been fitting, perhaps, to examine whether,
not being really admitted to the rank of the princes of the
Imperial family of Russia who could succeed to the crown,
he was affected by the exclusion stipulated in the protocol
of 1830 ; or whether he was not, in more than one respect,
in a similar position to that in which Prince Leopold of
Saxe Coburg was placed with regard to the English royal
family at the period when he was chosen by the three
Powers as sovereign of Greece. We preferred to recognise
without hesitation that his accession might also cause some
troubles in the East, deeming, nevertheless, that those
troubles would perhaps be less with a prince who, belong •
ing to the Eastern church, and satisfying the religious sen-
timents of the Greeks, would not be similarly necessitated
to flatter the national ambition, and to offer to Greecehopes
of immediate aggrandisement.
In a word, the Emperor's government, in expressing it-
self thus simply uttered an opinion, without deviating in
anything from its line of conduct; it had no candidate;
it was ready to act with England and Russia in assist-
ing Greece ; in enlightening and directing, if necessary,
her choice amid the difficulties she had to encounter in con-
ciliating her wishes with the interests of Europe and the
disposition of treaties.

His ROYAL HIGHNESS then proceeded to address the
cadets in the following terms :—He observed that on the
last occasion of his meeting the cadets at that institution
he had felt it his duty to tell them plainly that he was not
satisfied with their conduct, but he was now highly grati-
fied to find that a great improvement had taken place—that
they had been attentive to their studies, and had not evinced
any spirit of insubordination. Ho hoped they had seen the
error of their ways ; and, for his part, he should be happy
to forget all that had formerly taken place of an unpleasant
nature. He had introduced a new system with regard to
various details of the institution, and he was glad to find
that the new rules worked well under the able direction of
the Lieutenant-Governor. Major-General Sandham. With
regard to their proficiency in the various branches of study
and their general good conduct he was perfectly satisfied,
not only from the reports he had received but with what he
had himself witnessed on that day. He could assure them
I that he had no wish to be severe, and if they had ever con-
sidered that any severity was exercised towards them by the
military authorities, they must bear in mind that they had
rendered it necessary by their conduct. It was his duty to
maintain discipline, and he was determined on all occasions
to do so. They had chosen to enter upon the military pro-
fession, and they must bear in mind that a great distinction
existed between an ordinary and a military college. In the
former case it was requisite to preserve good order, but in a
military college discipline and subordination to the authori-
ties was the great essential. Science was, in the present day
;y , but he would even put dis-
cipline were unable to govern them-
selves, especially,it
beforewasrcci
science.uhiissl requisite in
dutythetof h
t tellare them that they were not fit to
govern others ; and they would he worse than useless as offi-
cers. Ho would not further allude to this subject, but couas they valued their future prospects as officers
rt-
jesty's service, to have the utmost respect for strict
isdneislhetiehprelMminae, to acquire a practical as well as a theoretical
knowledge of thesduties of
.their profession, and thus render
themselves fit to command. in those distinguished scientific
miliasrc7eydaflrem the room.
corps, the Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers.
the utmost attention, and atn listened
iitstilic:cBluswasionthe ea d
cadets
withpre-
sented
and Staff subsequently went to the
reading room, and conducted a viva voce examination of the
1 Royal
addressroniy sa l an od f
Highness
first and second classes of cadets in artillery fortification,
Frew& and German: At the termination of this annum -
lHisl e

The English Government proposed to us a common
action, with the view of declaring at Athens that the three
protecting courts t egarded the engagements of the London
protocol as being still in vigour, and that they could not re-
cognise the election of a prince belonging to one of the three
families of France, England, and Russia. The idea of pro-
claiming in each case the obligations agreed upon in 1830
was only in conformity wilh our ewn intentions; and we
expressed it spontaneously at Athens on the morrow of the
revolution. Thus we replied to the London Cabinet that we
were quite ready to make known to the Provisional Go-
vernment of Greece that we considered ourselves bound by
our former obligations. The principles of our public law
did not, it is true, authorise us to establish in an official
document that we should indeSnitely refuse to recognise
any sovereign that had been elected by the free and spon-
taneous suffrage of Greece, in opposition to the engage-
ments of the Powers ; but, with this reserve, we had no
objection to associate ourselves to the views of the English
Government, and to agree with it, and with the Russian
Cabinet, to exclude every candidature not within the con-
ditions prescribed by the stipulations of the London Con-
ference.
The same proposition having been made at St. Peters-
burg, Russia, after having declined collective action,
offered to inform the Greeks, if the English Government,
on its part, did the same, that it considered the stipulations
of 1830 to be still in vigour; but this reply did not satisfy
the London cabinet. It, seemed to see in the hesitation of
Russia in explaining whether the Duke de Leuchtenberg
was comprehended in the stipulations of exclusion, a cir-