The Sun.
London, England, 1862-05-07 00:00:00

THE KING OF ITALY AT NAPLES,

A letter from Naples, dated May 1, say= ;
Again I write, for matter of interest c mtinually
presents itself, and impressions must he formed at

,his momentous crisis in a cause whic is that not

merely of Italian but of European peace and pro-

gress. The visit of the King assumes a much more
serious character than did his first visit. His
Ministers, Rattazzi, Conforti, and Persano, are with

him, and it may be hoped that work is really done.
I saw his Majesty twice yesterday, when he left
and returned to his Palace, and certainly his manner
of acknowledging the salutes of the people was less
military and more royal and cordial. As for the
masses, whom it is a great thing to keep in good
humour, they are all in ecstacies, and shout louder
than ever they did for the Bourbons. Persons will

no doubt laugh, and say that they have been

bought ; that the redeemed pledges and hopes of

other boons have much to do with this uproarious
loyalty ; but say they have—admit it all ; there is
something at the bottom of everything, but I con-
sider it a great thing to have produced a conviction
in the minds of the multitude that their King, Vic-
tor Emmanuel, is the fountain, the sole fountain, of

public good. Hitherto they have looked elsewhere
and nearer ; for in politics as in religion these half
educated people have not risen to a belief in an
invisible power ; they must have the actual pre-

sence ; and as in religion they must have their
dolls and pictures and the Host, so in politics
they must see and touch the robes of royalty, and
feel that benefits emanate from him, or else they will
raise up their golden calf, The sight of the King,
therefore, and the few boons which he has as yet
conferred, have done much good, and have created
a sentiment and a conviction that did not exist
before. You well know that I have always thought
it was impolitic to banish all at once every sign of
royalty here. I would have left the shadow of it
at least, and my opinion was formed on a knowledge
of the Neapolitans, who, like all people in a state of
semi-civilisation, require signs. It is for the same
reason that they are such lovers of fetes ; and, truth
to say, they have enough of them to gratify the
wants of the most exacting. Last night the city was
again illuminated for the third time, and the streets
which were crowded to excess echoed with the vitas
of the people. Reports, too, are pouring in from

the most distant places of the general enthusiasm
which has prevailed ; from Reggio Bari, Girgenti,
Chieti, Avellino, Barletta come descriptions of illu-
minations and music, and the Prefects of Bari,
Vasto, Terra d'Otranto, and the Capitanata, in the
name of the populations, send welcome and congra-
tulation to the King. Of the places more imme-
diately in the neighbourhood of Naples I have
already spoken ; the expression of public joy was
spontaneous and universal. Of course it will be said
it was all got up. Well, if so, it was a very exten-
sive " get up," and so many hands must have been
employed about it as to prove the truth of my re-
presentations. Next Monday his Majesty goes to
Salerno, the second city in Southern Italy, and
holding a population always remarkable for their
advanced liberal opinions. I have no doubt that
the King will there have another grand ovation; of
this, however, I will speak when I have seen it.
When last I visited that city it was on the occasion
of the monster trial, well remembered as the " Cag-
liari" trial. As I left it I bade adieu behind his
bars to Nicotera, who had just been condemned to I
death, Nicotera is now the Deputy for Salerno,
and Victor Emmanuel is going down the accepted
Sovereign of a place which but yesterday was the
second city in the kingdom of the Bourbons. What
marvellous changes one witnesses from day to day,
and how mighty are the mysterious operations
of Providence, which from disorder and darkness is
now creating order and light ! While at Salerno
his Majesty will visit Persani, where the late
Kings established an institution for breeding
horses. Of late it has, I believe, been neglected,
but it is to be hoped that greater attention will now
be given to it. One fact which struck me on Mon-
day last, but to which I have not as yet adverted,
was the great good will which evidently existed
between the people and the military of all branches.
As the latter defiled before the King they were
greeted enthusitstically by all the people—of
course the National Guards, and especially the Ber-
saglieri, whose smart appearance win the imagina-
tions of the Neapolitans. And yet those men more
than any others have been employed in putting
down the brigands.
It must, too, be confessed that the soldiers of the
Northern army are a perfectly different class of
men from the rough and cowardly brutes who,
under the Bourbons, dishonoured the uniform by
their excesses and cruelties.

Tolerant and gentle, they are citizens in the
midst of citizens, and I have not witnessed in the
course of the last two years one single instance of
disorderly or unsoldierly conduct ; and yet these
troops are as brave as lions.
And what have the Bourbonists been doing all
this week ? Gnashing their teeth, I suppose ; for
in the general enthusiasm which has prevailed they
must have foreseen the destruction of their hopes.
In the city they have made one or two impotent
efforts to create disorder, but so childish that I
should not have adverted to them but for the pro-
bability that the Legitimist press might note and
exaggerate them. We have had one or two small
bombs exploded, popguns to amuse babies, and two
or three panes of glass broken thereby. Should
you hear of them, take my word for it that I have
not diminished the character or the effect of them.
It is not at all unlikely that the thieves, who are
legion, let them off to call off the police from
other quarters where their companions might
have a free field. On Tuesday night an impor-
tant arrest was made in the person of Captain
Moxidana. He was residing in the Vomero,
and in his house were found bombs in the
course of construction, gunpowder, hemp, and all
the other materials employed in the manufacture of
these instruments.
It appears that he has been one of those princi-
pally employed this winter in getting up the bombs
which have from time to time created a panic in
our streets. A telegram from Barletta, too, informs
us that a domiciliary visit had been made in the
house of the Bishop of Foggia, who resided in
Andria, and that a dagger and compromising papers
had been found. .111onsigeor was arrested and
taken off to Foggia. One hears much of brigands
in Southern Italy, but there cannot be the slightest
doubt that the clergy are at the bottom of every
movement against the established order of things,
and so long as their influence continues we shall
hear of disturbances. I would, therefore, in all
seriousness suggest that means,
which I frankly
confess I cannot point out, be
taken to exchange
them from one diocese to
another. This plan is
being adopted with the laity, both civilian and
military, and if it could be adopted
with the clergy
their power would be crippled. Where a priest has
made his nest he has an infinite number of chirp-
lings all around him who take—not their daily food,
very little of that is to be got out of them,--but
their political food from this sot" &sant vase of the
Holy Spirit. Remove the priest, break up his little
structure of straw and feathers, transport him to'
another place, and it will be long time before he
can make another nest or get around him another
brood. Though I have made the suggestion thus
figuratively I do so with all seriousness, as I am
convinced that it would be most efficacious—only
the Government must win the bishops to their
views. To arrest every priest who is suspected
would be impossible ; the remedy would be illegal,
and worse than the disease ; but to traslocarc a
man who on tolerably good moral evidence was
cherishing disloyalty to a Sovereign would be no
great piece of severity, and would be of no infinite
benefit to the public.

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