The Sun.
London, England, 1865-09-25 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY, SEPT. 25, 1865.

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The Emperor of AUSTRIA has issued a manifesto,
which is animated by a very liberal spirit, and seems
to carry out the principles before inculcated by his
Government. In this he is so far to be commended,
but it is evident that he is engaged in a very uphill
task in the endeavours he is so strenuously making
to consolidate his empire. The manifesto states that
the accomplishment of the EMPEROR'S design is
quite impossible so long as the first condition of
success is unfulfilled, namely, bringing all the com-
ponent parts into clear and unmistakeable harmony.
It would seem as if the EMPEROR had determined to
lose no opportunity of ingratiating himself with all
his people, for he intimates further on that in order
to carry out his idea in the spirit as well, as in the
letter, it is desirable to] lay before the Hungarian
and Croatian Diets the fundamental law that was
promulgated by the February Patent. In order to
arrive at this disideratum of extending privileges, it
is deemed necessary to suspend for the present the
validity of the Constitution. This necessary step
is greatly regretted, the more so as it entails the
suspension of the lesser Reichsrath ; but the Go-
vernment undertakes, so long as this suspension
lasts, to forward all the measures that cannot be
postponed, more especially the " commercial and
financial" interests of the empire. Finally, the
Imperial manifesto declares that the course
which leads to an understanding is now open, if the
pecple only exhibit a " sacrificing and conciliatory
spirit," as it is confidently expected they will, and,
therefore, the Imperial word is addressed to them in
" thorough confidence," that a " ripe insight" may
guide their views and influence their conduct.

No doubt the Vienna Government think that a
liberal home policy may in some degree compensate
for the notorious foreign policy which has brought
the nation into so much discredit, and called down
so many, animadversions from tagighb.ottring'§tates:
It isa very significant statimentlhathas been made
by one of the Vienna journal's, to the effect that a
note has been despatched to the Aiitrian represen
tatives abroad, !! defending .the policy. pursued .by
Austria in the question. of the- Duchies?' ' It will
certainly be- a Ciiri&ity to peruse this "document
whe4 it sees the lighti but it. proves :one .thing, at
all events, that the comments-which, have been so
freely circulated by the various -jOUrnala in seseral.
countries -have not been without effect. The Aus-
trians do._not ahpear to emulate 'the imperious:
nature of the Prussians, but
.are opite or
,the alert
to defend themselves from awkward insinuations
and direct 'charges: The fact is, that AnStria has
taken a decided step ivadvance,. of, late, years, and
while Prussia has been retrograding she has pur-
sued 'a steady . path ...of .progress. 'A shat time
bef9re the ScldesWig-holstein affair the E 3. ipnon
bid-fair to take the lead of the Germanic Empire,
and had not the-untoward affair. of the Duchies
supervened, no-doubt .1)y this time we should have
seen him outstripping hisatly the King of P
RUSSIA-;
and offering, by his consolidated empire, a. striking to the fearinj - . .
confusion.alld.,vexed spirits
that abounded in Prussia. Circumstances have for
the nioment yickted the palm to,ttb
powers that
reign in Berlin, and with one thing and another sue.;
cess may seem to wait on their steps ; but time will
prOVe the -differenCefrtliat exists between a nation
ariv(r il to. iinprotic, by slow degrees, and a kingdom
-
throwing away' , chances an the advan-
tages;d losing all
gained.'it has ained. When the inevitable of
•
trial ftrrives, that will 6hake the
,Gerniamic Empire
to its foundation,. Austria Will have • a mach better
chance of extrication than Prussia,•although the
former was vaunted for its advance:in liberal prin-
ciples.,- while the latter was considered to be wedded
to a hopeless system of inactivity and'intolerance.
The Emperor of,AusTe.i.t seems to have won golden
opinions in many directions by his comprehensive
arrangements 'and consummate. management. It is
declared in influential' quarters that the plans pro-
posed in the manifesto are the only right and fitting
ones for the realiSation of the IMperial intentions,
and for the removal of the obstacles which have of
late opposed their accomplishment.
Meanwhile its is evident Prussia is incurring
great odium every Where, especially in France.
The Moniteur denies, in the moat emphatic manner,
the ~-;taterz3ht which has been circulated relative to
the inventions of the Government. These current

rumours had declared that a change would speedily
take place in the members and policy of the
Government, and even went 'far as to fix the
14th of October as the day when the momentous
events would occur, It is all very well for the
official organ to announce that these rumours are
totally unfounded, and that they are "the invention
of evil-disposed Persons,'! but it stands to sense that
such observations would never have been made if
there had not been some reason to distrust the pre-
sent aspect of, affairs., Doubtless France will prove
the NEMESIS of the wrongs of Denmark, and the in-
juries sustained by the minor States of GermanY;
but may be the time has not yet arrived for the
denouement to take place, We must wait in patience;
yet rumours and on dits may betoken future events
as straws show which way the wind blows. Nothing
can possibly obliterate the scandal of the recent
transactions in the Duchies from the memory of
any one who has had an opportunity of 'form-
ing a judgment upon them ; and it follows as a
matter of course that they will' rankle in
the minds of all concerned immediately and remote.
Propitious -circumstances may postpone the fatal
day, and powerful allies may ward off the catas-
trophe, but all these will only prove temporary
respites, and the time cannot be far distant when the
labours of the Berlin Cabinet will reap a deadly
harvest. Herr BISMARK has had several very un-
pleasant -reminders already that he is working
'against the groin, and his desperate efforts to stem
the tide of popular opinion may yet prove to be
too much for his personal safety, as well as for
his political reputation. The present state of
things in Germany tends to disquiet the public
mind of Europe, and alternately gives rise to
doubts, misapprehensions, and alarms. So true is
it that in the present advanced condition of affairs
in the history of nations, no wrong can be perpe-
trated without some retribution taking place, that
it naturally follows for far-seeing judges to consi-
der this episode of the Gastein Convention as a
prelude to disturbances whose force it may be
difficult to quell, and whose end may be far dis-
tant.

Now that there is some hope of the conclusion of
the long and wearisome war that has exhausted the
energies and hindered the progress of New Zealand,
the condition and prospects of the natives become
matters of considerable importance. The prospect
of their gradual extermination is by no means a
satisfactory one. It is a well-known fact that
aboriginal races usually melt away before the white
man, like the North American Indians have vanished
year by year before the onward march of the strong
and adventurous Anglo-Saxons. But there are
several reasons which combine to make that result
very undesirable in the case of the Maories. In the
first place, it is not consistent with our English
notions of humanity and of justice that we who are
in any case interlopers in the islands should totally
destroy, or even gradually exterminate, the original
possessors of the soil. Again the decay of the
natives is the more to be regretted, because the
Maories are naturally a fine, intelligent people,
evidently quite capable of further and higher
development. The ingenuity and resolution which
they have shown during this very war have been
something very remarkable. Their earthworks and
fortifications presented really formidable fronts to
our regular troops, and it has cost them many an hour's
hard fighting to carry a position where the Maories
lay entrenched. Their devices to supply their lack
of arms and ammunition were full of ingenuity ;
and once, when percussion caps were unattainable,
they contrived by some curious manoeuvre to make
some other articles of common use serve the pur-
pose. It was only from the extent of their purchase
of these everday belongings that the secret was dis-
covered. Of course they have had the advantage of
European assistance and direction, but the promp-
titude with which they hhve profited by these aids
shows how fit they must be for cultivation and civi-
lisation. There is hope for the Maori if he can be
preserved from extermination by these incessant
wars and embroilments, and if such lands and goods
as are fairly his right can be guaranteed to him by
the Government. An address which has been issued
by the Aborigines Protection Society, and widely
circulated among the natives of New Zealand, is
likely to do good. It is much to be regretted that
these rivalries and contentions, which militate so
much against the real wish to civilise and improve
the natives, have interfered between the society and
some of the colonists ; but setting these aside, the
general tone of the advice given in the address re-
ferred to is all that could be desired. The "Eng-
lish friends" of the Maories profess their sorrow at
the war, and declare that they live too far off to
pronounce upon the rights of the question, but that
they know it to be quite useless for the Maories to
attempt to subdue the white men, who are so strong
and powerful that, if they lose many battles, they
will still conquer in the end. They wish therefore
to tell the natives what they think is the wisest and
best course for them to pursue. Believing the war
to be over, they advise the Maories to &ireful t4*

frame a just and honest peace under the sanction of
the Governor, and to be governed by the English
laws. They need not be joined to Auckland or any
othef province, but should have the advantage
of the just. and. equal laws of the colo-
nists:— The natiraCare also adiisda to Aivide

their landS, so that each man may have a.piece
for bimsolf.and his family that he cannot•sell,, as
,well as -a-share in• the public -common to- -all tthe
tribe. The advisers also caution the Maories to be
Very Careful bow they let their lease on land. The
gradual'diminution the natives is boldly dwelt
upon, and the bringing up of the children, which is
theigreat anchor of hope to all reformers, is, one of
the chief topics of.theuddregs. The editcation of
the girls is especially spoken of, the llaories being
reminded:that, as. mothers of the future men, they
will exercise' a powerful influence:on-the future of
their race. the general development of the
natives they are advised to study English, so as to
be able,to reuf and updcrstand. English books and
newspapers ;Ito obtain a printing press, and learn

to print for themselves ; 'to cultivate thegintid and
'rear, live stock ; to study the modes of tlf9'colonists
in farming and agriculture ; and to discontinue, as
much as possible, the' use of gunpowder, •spirits, and
tobacco. It is not, of course,. to be exi)ectedthati
the laaories will at once couforni to these,.regula-
-
. tion.s, in
but if the •o.re intelligent of them accept
them as sound
and
,usefid, 'We may hope to see
them produena gradual, effect in civilising and ele-
%rating, the ivliO1O: native race, thereby preserving
them from destruction, while they terminate the
r prolonged hostility existing between colonists and
-natives.

By the arrival of the Africa, from Boston, with
news up to the 12th instant, and from Halifax up
to the 14th, we have intelligence from New York to
the latest date. It appears that President JOHNSON
is a good deal troubled by petitions and deputations
respecting pardons, and the reconstruction of the
several Southern States. He listens to all, but ap-
pears determined to carry out his own ideas as to
the reconstruction, notwithstanding the stubborn
opposition of the fanatic supporters of negro suf-
frage,and the universal confiscation of the Southern
States. In short, some of these fanatics go so far
as to say that the rEWpENT is gni y of treason