The Sun.
London, England, 1862-08-09 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY S %NG, A trGu-sT 9, 1862.

the system of imprisonment for debt. Several
years have elapsed since the Fleet Prison was razed :
to the ground—since which time its site con•
tinues up to this present moment a vacant space in
Farringdon-street. Many more years have passed
by since the old Marshalsea Prison was ob-
literated from the surface of London—so that
its mere site is almost undiscoverable. One
only thinks of the Fleet now through the medium
of Roderick Random and of the Pickwick Papers
—and of the Marshalsea through that of Little
Dorrit. But from the comic genius of those two
delightful humorists TOBIA S SMOLLETT and
CHARLES DICKENS they would remain to us only
in a very dim and a wholly painful remem-
brance. Three others of the great prisons for debt
are still left amongst us, but they are all but
tenantless. The Queen's Bench Prison—the Prison
in Whitecross•street—and the one in Horsemonger-
lane. The two former for debtors only—the last-
mentioned a gaol for other criminals beside those
who are guilty alone of the crime of poverty ! Yet
at this moment, so much has the system of im-
prisonment for debt died out, under the wise
decision at length arrived at by the Legis-
lature that there are only about one hundred
prisoners in all three establishments together !
According to the working of the new arrange-
ments already set in operation, these 100 prisoners
for debt still remaining in custody will be rapidly
got rid of by their humane release. Then Horse-
monger-lane gaol will be left for criminal offen-
ders alone—the debtors' prisons of the Queen's
Bench and Whiteeross-street being thenceforth,
as places of detention, utterly useless. It is a
consummation so long devoutly wished for that
we hardly care to add—now that the doom of
the old villanous system is sealed—that even "as
places of detention " for debt, they have been
utterly useless from first to last.

The news by the Persia points, despite the hot
weather in America, to the probability of two fierce
encounters, since in two places hot-blooded com-
manders and armies were getting near each other.
In Virginia General POPE, in the Shenandoah
Valley, was nearing General EWELL, the former
with 60,000 men, the latter with half that number,
but in a position in which he could be reinforced
by railway from Richmond almost at an hour's
notice. They are neither of them routine men ;
and since JACKSON cannot be far from EWELL, m e
may well look for something bold on one side or
on both. We hear of the rest of the army of Vir
ginia concentrating its strength, and rapidly in-
creasing its numbers on the opposite side of the
river James to that which WCLELLAN occupies, and
in an angle formed by the junction with it
by a river of the hardly pronounceable Indian
name of Appomattox. The precise object
of selecting this spot for the grand rendezvous does
not yet appear. No less than three iron-clad gun-
boats are reported to be building at Richmond ; pro-
bably they and the army just mentioned will co-
operate to make the river impracticable for General
M'CLELLAN.

The other combatants likely to meet each other,
perhaps before the next mail, are in Tennessee.
The Confederates soon recaptured Chatanooga,
and have been for some time, in force
there. General BUELL is within thirty-five
miles of the place, and unless the Confede-
rates therefore retreat, it would seem that a con-
flict can hardly be avoided. In the neighbour-
hood of Corinth the Federals have retreated, leav-
ing the railway in the possession of the Confede-
rates. It is worthy of notice that wherever, in the
South, the Federals have to recede from any posi•
tion, their opponents seem prepared at once to
occupy the ground. What hope can there be of
such a country ever settling down again under
Northern rule.

Mdlle. Patti is understood to be engaged at the
Paris-Italians from November until February.
It is stated in the German papers that Mme. S.
S. Cruvelli positively intends to return to the stage at the
eommencement of the ensuing season.
It is stated that an English company of come-
dians, under the direction of M. Pechter, who is very popu-
lar as a tragedian in London, are about to give a series of
representations in Paris.
Mr. Telbin, one of the most celebrated scene-
painters in England, where that branch of the art has been
carried to great perfection, has just passed through Paris
on his way to Constantinople and the Holy Land. He is
about to take sketches of the most celebrated places men-
tioned in the Scriptures, with a view to a great pictorial
work in centemplation, for which this fine artist has been
specially engaged.
LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAILWAY DIVI-
DEND.—The directors have decided to recommend to the
proprietors at their next meeting to declare a dividend for
the half-year at the rate of 31 per cent. per annum, less in-
come tax.

A ROASTING SUN.—The Aledocain, a journal
published at Lespzerre, relates the singular fact that on
Saturday last, between noon and three p.m., the rays of
the sun were so powerful as actually to roast many of the
grapes in the vineyards of the Medoc district, so that nearly
one• fourth of the presumed vintage, which was expected
to be extremely abundant, has been lost. Moreover, the
quality, it is feared, will be impaired.
Baron Huber has arrived in Paris from Vienna,
and arrived at the Hotel Chatham.

A telegraphic despatch from Toulon mentions
the departure of the Cacique steam frigate, having on
board numerous detachments for the corps of occupation at
Home.

MARRIAGE OF PRIESTS.—It would seem that the
marriage r, f priests (says Galslqnani) is making way in
Italy. An ex• priest, Antonio Giovanetti, of Bologna, was
lately married to Madlle. Domonica Capanni. The mar-
'gage certificate was received by the notary Calandrelli.
The witnesses were Dr. Zani and the ex-monk Pompeo
Rossi,

THE HARVEST IN NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.—The late
' fine weather has greatly improved the appearance of the
corn crops, the greater part having changed colour. In
some districts wheat cutting has commenced—in the neigh-
bourhood of Newark, for instance, in the fertile parts of
Leicestershire, and also at several villages on the confines
of the vale of Belvoir. Several fields of oats on the north
side of Nottingham have succumbed to the scythe. If the
weather shortly takes up again, the harvest will be general
in the course of a week or ten days.
THE FRENCH IN ROME.—A letter from Rome
of the 2d inst. says :—" The situation of affairs is incontest-
ably growing worse. The French military authorities have
been informed that Garibaldi really intends to attack the
Papal territory, and it is as seriously determined to repulse
him. Neither the French nor Papal Governments yet
know what force Garibaldi has at his disposal, as ho is
always increasing his numbers, but it is believed his first
attempt will be by 3,000 Garibaldians, who are at Naples.
We expect to see them arrive under the American flag, and
in anticipation of such an event the captains of the Des-
cartes and of the Goner have received orders to sink them.
The French military authorities have likewise received
notice that Garibaldi has got possession of several ships.
We see muskets carried through the streets here, The
city is still tranquil, but we apprehend a demonstration, of
which the little bombs and Bengal tires are the symptom,
The French and Papal troops are united in action, but they
occupy distinct positions. All the Papal soldiers are in the
country. General Kausler at Omagni,the '4 ouaves at Cep-
rano, and other corps at different points of the Neapoli.
tan territory. The French watch particularly over Rome,
Civita Vecchia, and the coast of Tuscany. Gen. Micheler
has been sent to Civita Vecchia to command the garrison,
A report was current this afternoon that the Zouaves -were
attacked at Ceprano, near the Neapolitan frontier ; but
we must expect to hear a thousand false reports every
day, The Pope does not stir from the Vatican.
Francis I(. came to Rome on the announcement of the
events going forward. He has returned to Albano. The
Queen Dowager, widow of Ferdinand IL, is expected here
in the course of the month of August. A rather violent
scene took place the day before yesterday in the saloons of
the Prince of Trapani. The guests were amusing them-
elves, when Monsigncre Nardi, a prelate, thought proper
to say that the Neapolitan officers inspired no confidence,
The Neapolitan General Cutrofiano, Count of Arragon,
turned round and said, Monsignore, you take advantage
of your cloth to insult ua. It is fortunate you are a priest,
or I would insist on satisfaction,' The prelate did not apo-
logise, and the general, red with fury, whom the Prince
was endeavouring to pacify, again reproached the prelate
with his ill-timed language. After a short pause Monsignere
Nardi quitted the room, and it is not prolol9. tA9 Wil)
return,"

MILITARY DICTATORSHIP.

The following is a portion of a handbill which was posted
in Louisville, Kentucky, but has found its way to Liver-
pool : .

"Louisville, Kentucky, July 13, 1862.

. ~ . .
" It is ordered that every ablebodied man take arms and
aid in repelling the marauders. Every man who does not
join will remain in his house 48 hours, and be shot down if
he leaves it,

"J. T. BOYLE, Brigadier-General Commanding.
" The citizens of Lexington and vicinity are ordered to
comply strictly with the foregoing order, which will be
rigidly enforced. Persons uniting with us will repair to
the Court-house, where officers will be stationed to assign
them positions in companies.
" Those not so uniting will confine themselves to their
houses from half-past 2 o'clock p.m.
"F. P. BRACUT, Mayor and Provost Marshal.
"Lexington, July 13, 1862."

M. Thouvenel has resumed his functions at the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the ad interim direction of
that department by M. Rouher has consequently ceased.
In the late session 318 acts of parliament were
passed, of which 114 were public, 201 local, and 3 private.
It is in contemplation to form a settlement at
Cape York, on Torres Straits.
Berlin mourns its beloved Japanese, who have
departed, accompanied by Major Gottberg, Dr. Bunsen,
and the other keepers who had been assigned to them during
their stay here, for Stettin and Swinemunde, where a
Russian frigate would receive them.
The King of Madagascar has applied to the
French Minister of War for officers to instruct his troops.
His Majesty offers considerable advantages to those who
may undertake the task.
THE COTTON FAMlNE.—Yesterday a letter was
received at the Mansion House, addressed to the Lord
Mayor, enclosing the munificent donation of £l,OOO from
the Bengal Chamber of Commerce, at Calcutta, towards
the relief of the prevailing distress. This makes the total
amount sent to the Lord Mayor up to yesterday £31,865;
and at a meeting of the City of London Relief Committee,
held yesterday, £5OO was sent to Rochdale, £lOO to Tint•
wistle, £5O to Withnell, near Chorley, and £5O to Embsay,
near Skipton, to be distributed to the local relief com-
mittees.
FIRE IN BLACKFRIARS-ROAD.—Between twelve
and one o'clock this morning a fire broke out at 76, Black-
friars-road, which was not subdued until the premises in
which it originated were consumed. The fire escapes were
instrumental in rescuing several females from the burning
building.
ADVERTISING FOR WIVES.—The following ex-
tract is from Artemus Ward's lectures on "The Children
in the Woods :—" Advertising for a wife is about as ab-
surd as getting measured for an umbrella. It is absurd
—it is mean—and I suspect that most of those fellows
who adopt that method of securing domestic bliss
ought to hammer stones in some well-regulated peniten-
tiary. Once in a while, however, there may be a simple-
minded but unfortunate young man among those adver-
tisers, and to him the lecturer would say, why advertise
There is probably some young lady of your acquaintance
for whom you have a certain regard. Why not go to her
boldly and tell her there is a commodious apartment to let
in your heart, with board. If you get the mitten do not
despair, but charge elsewhere for another mitten. You
may as well have a pair of mittens. One mitten is no pos-
sible use. I know a young man out West who has got
mitts enough to go peddling, and he is yet healthy. Don't
be bashful, young man. Don't be like the young person
who rode ten miles in a sleigh with a pretty girl one
bright moonlight night, with the intention of popping the
question, but all he said was It is quiet mooney to.
night.' Yes,' she replied, muchly.' And there wasn't
another word said."—Ameriean Paper.
THE HEAVY GALE OF THURSDAY.—The predic-
tion of Admiral Fitzroy that the coast would be visited
with heavy gales from the south-west, with rain, and which
were telegraphed to the various ports early on Wednesday,
have been fully realised, for soon after the storm signals
had been hoisted at the harbours and headlands, the
weather became unsettled, and since Wednesday nightthere
has been a succession of terrific squalls, with torrents of
rain. From the register of the anenometers it has been
found that the highest pressure of the wind has been 181 b,
to the square foot, which was felt during the forenoon of
Thursday, when the fearful squall passed over the metro-
polis. A number of casualties have been reported of vessels
going ashore or losing their spars and anchors in the gale,
but the most lamentable catastrophe occurred early on
Thursday morning off the Start, when a large ship was
totally lost by collision, with all hands with the exception
of one man. The ill-fated ship is telegraphed to be the
Mullion, Captain Nicholas, from the West Indies to Rotter-
dam, but it is thought there is some slight mistake in the
name, and that she will prove to be a ship bearing a some-
what similar name, and bound to London. According to
the particulars that have been received, it appears that
the unfortunate vessel reported to be the Mullion was
making her way up Channel, and about two o'clock on
the morning of Thursday, when some miles off the Start,
the Wiwi blowing heavy from the southward and west-
ward, she came in contact with the ship Daphne, Captain
Foreman, which left London in the latter part of last wQek,
and was proceeding down Channel for Sydney. The re-
port states that the Mullicn almost immediately foundered,
and 16 men, including the captain, went down with her,
only one of the crew being saved. The Daphne also sus-
tained considerable damage, and for a time was placed in a
very difficult position. She lost her bowsprit and foremast,
and after much exertion the crew succeeded in getting her
into Torbay, where she arrived yesterday morning.
THE COTTON GOODS MARKETS.—The accounts
of the position of the markets for cotton goods from all the
principal ports of the world continue to confirm the impres-
sion that even up to the present moment the manufacturers
and merchants of Lancashire ara deriving a balance of pro-
fit from the war in the United States and the check to the
importation of the raw material. At no single point has
any scarcity of stocks yet been shown, the total on hand at
most marts being still snob as io check a full response to
the upward movement of prices here. The amount of ovP:r..
trading carried on during the years immediately preceding
1861 must, therefore, have been beyond all former experi-
ence even in the wild speculationa of this nuntry, and it is
palpable that the events which },
are now causing distress
among the Manchester operatives have converted that
which would have brought ruin upon a large number of
employers and shippers into a trade which has yielded, as
far as they are concerned, highly remunerative returns, Of
course, all such estimates are idle ; but there are persons
who believe that the pecuniary difference to Lancashire has
amounted to between £20,000,000 and £10,000,000 sterling.
Whatever the amount, it must have been enormous, and
there is consequently every reason to hope that the wealth
of the district will be found able to continue to make the
sacrifices that have already been commenced, and that may
be essential during the winter. It is believed, moreover,
that the pressure of these sacrifices will induoe an in-
creased readiness to meet the outlay for new machinery for
the more general use, not only of Indian cotton, but of the
various Wine that may be adopted as substitute& It is
asserted in some quarters that much reluctance to run any
risk even in this respect has been manifested, but when it
is found that it is only by such means that employment can
be created so as to lessen the relief rates, an impulse will he
imparted to the exercise of ingenuity and the embarking of
capital which may have a most import and salutary bear-
ing on the industrial:skill of the country.
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF IRELAND.—
The cattle show in Limerick of this society was continued
on Thursday. The attendance was diminished by the con-
tinued inclemency of the weather. His Excellency the
Lord Lieutenant left the city in the morning for Ennisty-
mon, county Clare, the residence of Colonel M'Namara,
whence he was to return to Limerick to be present at the
ball which will conclude the show.
HOARSENESS.—The Journal des Connaissances
Medicates publishes some curious remarks, by Dr. Caffe, on
hoarseness. A sore throat having its seat in the larynx is
often followed by a partial loss of voice, which it is very
difficult to remove. Singers and public orators are fre-
quently attacked with sudden and obstinate hoarseness.
When Napoleon I. returned from Elba, he was seized with
this affection but a few hours before he was to reply to his
harangues of the municipality of Lyons. His physichua,
Dr. Fourreau de Beauregard, prescribed the foilov:ing
potion ;---Liquid ammonia, 10 drops ; syrup of cry
45 grammes ; infusion of blossoms of the lime-tree, 90
grammes ; to be taken in one draught. It produced the
her effect immediately, an was afterwards known 'by
name of " Imperial potion." The late Dr. Bennati, of Paris, physician to the Italian Theatre, who him-
self possessed one of the finest voices known, and lost his
life in frost of Tortoni's in consequence of injuries received
from an unmanageable horse, used to prescribe the follow-
ing gargle for hoarseness ;.--.Water,
250 grammes • alum, 6 grammes; diacodion syrup, 60 grammes to be used every
half-hour. Dr. Bennati's voice was
so remarkable that
Professor Magendie requested Dr. Caffe, who had dissected
the body, to favour him with his larynx, which he subse-
quently made the subject of one of his best lectures at the
College de France. A lady, on the other hand, had one
of his teeth set in a ring, which she constantly wore ever
afterwards,, Bennati's skull was deficient in diploe,
and the external table was therefore all one with the
internal one ; its structure was foliaceous, an ana-
tomical arrangement common to all singing-birds, and
the cause probably of the numerous fractures on
the skull which led to his death.—When a public np.art is
affected with sudden hoarseness just at a time 17(hen h
must speak, the impediment may be removed by the ap-
e
plication of a mustard plaster round the neck, and another
at the base of the breast, In chronic hoarseness Dr. Graves
recommends ea gargle composed of 3 grammes of tincture of
Guinea pppper,
and 145 of a decoction of bark, to be used
five or six times a day ; at the same time the front part of
ohmte neck is frequently rubbed with the fellowirlg liniment :
porated oil, 24 • croton oil, 8 grammes. Of
this eoti4l)Gulld
0 grAMCS
grammes are to be Wed daily, until a con-
s suapended until after
*fll•4e- a`t bound
is produced, when it i
—e desquammation. The drinking or inhalation of the
eiatiTi4 of 1311P411regitii fsPrillge 114 449 wiefult—ag/ignorni.

LATEST NEWS.

AMERICA.

QUEENSTOWN, AUG. 8.

The Royal Mail steamship Persia, from New
York on the 30th ult., arrived here at 5 p.m. She
brings 132 passengers and 377,237 dole. in specie.
She landed all mails, except those for Liverpool
and Scotland, and 16 passengers, and proceeded
at 5 20 p.m, ; all well.

(Per Persia, via Roche's Point.)
NEW YORK, JULY 29, Evening.
General Pope has taken the field in the Virginia
valley. It is reported that his force numbers
60,000 men.
The Confederate General Ewell, with 30,000 men,
is between Orange Court-house and Gordonsville.
General Buell's advance is within 35 miles of
Chatanooga, where a severe fight is expected.
The Charleston Mercury says that the steamers
Nashville and Kate have arrived at a Southern port
and sailed again.
The _Richmond Inquirer says :—" The Nashville
brought 22 pieces of artillery, taken by the English
from the Russians at Inkerman, and presented by
British merchants to the Southern Confederacy."
A further extensive destruction of cotton has
taken place in Alabama.
It is reported that three iron-clad steamers are
being built at Richmond.
A war meeting has been held in Philadelphia,
favouring the prosecution of the war, and declaring
that foreign interference will not be tolerated.
Great efforts are still being made to fill up all the
old regiments.
Intelligence from New Orleans to July 20 states
that the weather was very hot, but the health of

the troops was good.
The steamers Saxonia and Etna have arrived out.
JULY 20 (Morning).
The Federals have evacuated Grand Junction,
which has been occupied by the Confederates,
together with the larger portion of the Charleston
Railway between Memphis and Corinth.
Large bodies of soldiers are reported to be flock-
ing to Richmond from all parts of the South.
It is still affirmed that the Confederates are con-
centrating in force between the junction of the
Appomattox and James Rivers and Richmond.
The Federals have routed two large bodies of
guerillas in Missouri.
The prize steamer Tubal Cain has 'arrived at New
York. The Australasian has arrived out.