The Sun.
London, England, 1862-03-26 00:00:00

commence at half-past 7.

AS TLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.-
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty.
In consequence of the great sensation created by the won-
drous feats of the colossal Asiatic Elephants on the stage,
-ond in the circle, their truly marvellous Performance will be
gontinned till further not.ce.
THIS EVENING, the Grand Eastern Spectacle of THE
RAJAH OF NAGPORE, with new and splendid dresses,
scenery, and decorations, introducing Mr. Bell's trained Ele-
phi nts, pronounced by the Press and the Public the cleverest
animals ever exhibited.

To be followed by brilliant Scenes in the Circle by the
unrivalled Troupe of Equestrians.
Concluding with a comic Ballet of Action, introducing Mr.
Harry Croneste (the favourite Clown to the Ring), the Misses
Gunnis, and the whole of the Corps de Ballet.
Commence at 7—Conclude at a quarter-past 11.
Stage Manager, Mr. W. Searle.

(:)IANTERBURY HALL AND FINE
ARTS GALLERY.
'VICTOR JIILIEN, " THE FLYING MAN,"
(Last Week) at halt-past Nine, in new and extraordinary
feats.

Grand Selections from "La Sonnambnla," " Dinorah,"
and " La Circassienne, " by Mdlle. Negri, with Band and
/nll Chorus, conducted by Mr. Jonghmans.
The Come by Mr. Randall, Mr. J. G. Porde, Mr. Hol-
lingsworth, Messrs. Hildebrandt and Ormond, and Miss
Caroline Parkes.
On Friday, 28th, for the Benefit of Victor Julien.
Admission—Hall, Bd. ; Stalls and Balcony, is.

THE OXFORD, 6, OXFORD-STREET.-
EVERY EVENING.
TIENRI and PFAU, inyin their intrepid Double Feats on the
Flg Trapeze.
Two Operatic Selections alternately from " Ernani,"
" Macbeth," "II TrOViltOre," "La Traviata," "La Circas-
Menne," &c., by Miss Russell, Madame Enderssohn, Messrs.
Morley, Greene, C. Greville, and Albert. Full Band and
Chorus—Conductor—Mr. F. Jonghmans.) Violin Solos—
no.Vio, and other Vocal and Instrumental attrac-
tis. The Comic portion by Messrs. Sam Collins, Harvey
and French (the Nerves), E. Marshall, and W. Randall.
Hall, 6d.; Stalls and Balcony, Is. ; Private Boxes, 10s. 6d.
A Grand Morning Entertainment EVERY THURS-
DAY, at Two, HENRI and PFAU and the whole of the
Company, appear.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
This DAY.—Morning, 11h. 10m.—Afternoon,, 11h. 45m.
TO-MORROW. -Morning, h. m.—Afternoon, 12h. 16m.

NOTICE.

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Mr. JOi_IN CHAPLIN, at The Sun office, 112,
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•
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THE SUN.
LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 26, 1862.

What Lord MACAULAY finely but terribly called
the greatest crime of Modern Europe" was again
discussed last evening in the House of Lords. If
the young Earl of CARNARVON, the ex-Under
Secretary of State for the Colonies under Sir BuL-
"WEE LYTTON'S brief but memorable administration
of that imperial department, seriously cares to do
so—he may even yet, with a certain grace and dig-
nity, assume to himself the hitherto neglected and
stainless robe left behind him, for the shoulders of
some still unrecognised successor, by the late Lord
DUDLEY COUTT'S STUART! The political robe worn
by that chivalrous and philanthropic nobleman
during so many years as the arch-champion and
volunteer-advocate, at any rate here in England. of
Poland and the Poles. Since Lord DUDLEY
STUART'S lamented and premature demise but little,
comparatively speaking, has been said, in either
House of Parliament, as to the condition of the
Polish nationality. Occasionally, of course, cir-
cumstances have directed the attention of thought-
ful Englishmen, now in the Lords, now in the Com-
mons, to the prostrate condition of that abused
people, and to the frightful continuance by Austria,
by Prussia, and by Russia, but especially, and with a
horrible persistency, by Russia, of the intermittent
but never-dying persecution of the Polish multi-
tude. There were momentary hopes that a happier
future was about to dawn upon that race, at any
rate in Russian Poland, at the time when the
young Czar ALEXANDER 11. ascended the throne
of the Muscovite Autocracy, when left vacant by
the abrupt demise of his father, the Emperor
NICHOLAS. The recollection of the illusions which
had been awakened among the Poles at the turn
of the present century, on the advent to power,
nPon the sudden death of PAUL, of the then
Youthful Emperor ALEXANDER I.,was not in any way
to dissipate the agreeable hallucinations,
Selent
revived
'When history again began to repeat herself,
according
to her wont. Time alone would do that.
Experience
alone
couldawaken the all-believing
I'oies and their
sympathisers from those agreeable
but delusive
ydreams. That time has, alas! al-
ready long since arriv
nub unhappily ed. That bitter experience has
again been tasted, or rather drained
miserably to the very dregs. The situation has in
effect—in Russian Poland at
least—become such
that the Earl of CARNARVoN could,eofsayLowrditsh, :hear;
rible truth yesterday in the
" Warsaw was in a state of siege,po,
Land was sub-
ject to martial law, the action of the
ordinary tri-
bunals was suspended, the intercourse °-f•
Private life
was restricted by severe regulations, three Persons
could not meet and converse in the street, four could
not dine together in a eve without permission, the
Agricultural Association, which was in fact the only
national institution in Poland, had been dissolved,
and extreme irritation existed throughout the
country." It becomes once therefore
a matter of
scandal to all Europe, to consider whether
it might
not be possible, by diplomatic interference, to miti-
gate in some measure the horrors of this new and
aPPMling persecution of our Polish fellow-creatures.
Putting out of the question all ideas of historic
gratitude to a race whose fame lies, in the annals

of this sympathy, the Government of England had

often before now remonstrated, and occasionally
with great earnestness, with the Muscovite councils
at St. Petersburg. Yet—after saying all this—with
the remembrance of recent events at Warsaw and
elsewhere in Russian-Poland, still glaring upon him,
Earl RussELL, while remarking, as plainly as words
could express anything, that England had ab-
stained latterly, and must still abstain persistently,
from renewing any remonstrances of this
character, because the concessions promised
by Russia to the Poles, through the memo-
rable circular of Prince GORTSCHAKOFF were
suspended, or postponed, or evaded, in consequence
of recent manifestations ! Why, in plain words,
this is just simply putting the cause for the effect
—the effect for the cause. It is an illogical mode
of reasoning. It is the sincerity of the Rus-
sian Government in promising those concessions that
remains just now matter of doubt. The autocracy
betrays its insincerity—so far as events there can in
any way be comprehended in western Europe—the
Russian autocracy betrays its insincerity in regard
to those very concessions which it has promised
through the circular of Prince GORTSCHAKOFF !
And how does it betray it? Through the cruel-
ties it has perpetrated at Warsaw on the pretext of
the very popular demonstrations complained of—
demonstrations actually subsequent to the earliest
betrayal, of the insincerity of which these same
demonstrations are now pretended to be the justifi-
cation. After the Earl of CARNARVON had offered
to the House of Peers a few words in reply to the

noble lord the Foreign Secretary, the subject
yesterday, it will be observed, quietly dropped.
Very earnestly, however, do we hope that it may
be revived, before the session is much older, by
the Earl of CARNARVON in the Lords, or by the
Hon. Member for Bridgewater in the Commons
—if only in the hope that something may yet
be done towards the close, or, at least, the mi-
tigation of the present lamentable situation of
affairs in Russian Poland, by the timely and
energetic interposition, once more, of our Eng-
lish diplomacy, between the Poles and their Per-
secutors.

At last we have the commencement of the long
promised Education Debate, when we shall see its
end no mortal can tell. Though there may be im-
portant exceptions to its being a party debate, yet
it seems impossible to avoid its becoming so. The
Parliamentary leading opponents of the Revised
Code, in both Houses, are Conservatives, the lead-
ing defenders of it are Government men ; indeed, it
could not well be otherwise. The outcry through-

out the country is raised by a class enjoying Go-

vernment bounties, which they fear are in danger.
It is not in Tory nature not to sympathise with
such a cry—it looked at first almost like the wail
of a vested interest. It was certainly protection in
jeopardy; how could Conservatives help surrender-
ing their sympathy to those who asked it on the
ground that they should lose Government bounties
which they had already enjoyed for many years ?
Againto whom should those who wanted Government
to alter such a measure go, but to those who, with all
their financial patriotism, have a party commission
to inflict all the damage they can on the measures

of those in office. Could it be expected that a strong

political opposition should refuse to put in front a
a volunteer body forty thousand strong, who only
wanted to compel the Government to yield ? We
hardly blame the Conservatives. They are but
true to their instincts, and to the political demands
of their position. _ _

Their first attack, however, let the division be
what it may, does not prove much for the strength
of their case. They have surrendered on the two
main points of paying for results, and decentrali-
zation. Mr. WALrumu acknowledged that
these were the cardinal principles of the Go-
vernment measure, that he approved them ;
that assimilating the proposed Cede, as
much as possible to a bill, he should consider
it as having passed its second reading, and that
going into committee on his resolutions would be
equivalent to going into committee on a bill. Mr.
WALPOLE, however, is singularly infelicitous in
one respect in this comparison and arrangement.
He accepts the Government principles, but instead
of proposing to carry them out in committee, he
brings forward merely a string of negative reso-
lutions, proposing no substantive amendments of his
own. Now as nothing is easier than to find an
objection to anything, as the real difficulty almost
always lies in finding the positive measure to be
proposed, Mr. WALPOLE has done in reality
nothing. It was certain beforehand that cases of
hardship might be supposed under each proposal
of detail which any Government could make. It
is the condition of any uniform rule for any num-
ber of human beings ; the question always is, whe-
ther injustice will be done, or whether any other
plan can be selected which will have such a pie-
dominance of advantage over disadvantage.
Plalenajustice, there can really he none in this case.
The State is a donor. It may, at least, do what it
will with its gifts. The time is too short to
Prescription, and the fact that the old
system has been uniformly represented as a tenta-
tive and experimental
one, completely deprives the
State donation of any title to a vested interest on the
part of the douses, %a
the other pretext, that of
failing to attain their objects, we must own that,
after all that has been said, we think the Govern-
ment plans seem more likely th 44 any we ,have

........
!of the world, as that of the heroic defenders ; seen, to attain them. Mr. WALPOLE and others,
of Christendom—it becomes a simple question with for instance, have drawn a piteous picture of the
the natives of Western Europe as to the vii i &cation, hardships which might accumulate on the ill-
in this bloodless manner, of the first principles of starred day of examination. Nervous children,
humanity. That is the solemn and affectillg lesson careless parents, ill-natured masters, even our fickle
that Lord DUDLEY STUART, with simple but un- clime, are eupposed to have banded together to
faltering earnestness, endeavoured to inculcate cheat the school of capitation pence, No one can
during so many years from his place in the Com- answer for the weather certainly, but we can all
mom House of Parliament. The like persuasive answer for the fact, that boys and girls who can
and affecting words are again being articulated in pass an examination would not shirk it for wind or
the Upper House of the Legislature by a young weather, and that parents, whose children can pass,
nobleman whom we are now fain to look are more likely to take them to school through the
upon henceforth in the light of Lord DUD- hostile elements
themen ntsetthiaenn
etoeuk ld keep
provide for allhome.pthematthe e
e
What
LEY STUART'S successor in the generous task system f
of championing the cause of the Poles in the dents which might keep children from a school on
English Legislature—meaning, as already observed, any day they were wanted? But why does not Mr,
the Earl of CARNARVON. Lord CARNARYON'S WALPOLE propose, if sincere in his objection, some
simple purpose yesterday was, as he himself avowed simple plan of supplementing the chief examination
immediately upon rising, to call their lordships' at- —some one which shall not be open to worse mis-
-1 tention to the present state of things in Poland, with chiefs than those it professes to remedy ?
a view to elicit from the noble earl, her MAJESTY'S And so it is throughout. Difficulties are raised
Foreign Secretary, some satisfactory reason that the cheaply enough, but the remedy is not offered. If
, facts, there and then alluded to, had not escaped the Mr. WALPOLE does not, under each of his resolu-
attention of her MAJESTY'S Government. Lord tions, redress this inconsistency before the House
RUSSELL'S reply thereupon was, all things consi- goes into committee, it is hardly fair to go into
dered, about as much and as little, as much in one committee at all. Those who will not propose their
own substitute for what they object to, are scarcely
sense and as little in another, as could reasonably
have been anticipated under the circumstances. The entitled to a hearing from six or seven hundred
veteran statesman began by gracefully compliment- practical gentlemen. All will end in words instead
ing his young brother earl—what though the latter of business; and we really do not want the House
confronted him on the OpPositionbenches—upon the of Commons to sink into a debating club. The
Uwe and manner in which he (Lord CARNARVON) religious objection was at one time put forward,
had reg,alled the subject of Poland to the attention just as we have heard of women and children being
of their lordships, and through their lordships, to placed in the front by soldiers unworthy of the
that of fier MAJESTY'S 09vernment. Earl RUSSELL name, who appealed to feeling when they wanted
thereupon ventured upon the utterance of what can the courage to fight. But the trick has failed, The
hardly be looked upon seriously in ally other light religious elements, it is acknowledged, remain just
than that of a platitude. He intimated, in fact, what they were. Each sect, the established one
that Poland had always enjoyed the sympathy of inci,Aed, has it all its own way in regard to
England, Adding, with truth, that in illustration religion. No schools are to be aided any more than
I

they have hitherto been, unless the sect to which

belongs is satisfied with the religious inspection.
Kindred again with this, is the general condition
and discipline of the school; the cleanliness, order,
behaviour, and the like ;—well, this is to be repor-
ted on, as before, and, unless it be all satisfactory,
the school is not to have a grant at all. Yes, but
the complainants reply—this general good con-
dition and order of the school b itself a result, and we
want to be paid for it as well as for the three
results so much insisted on. This is plausible ;
but will not bear consideration. Two things are
essential in any school—general good order and
sound elementary instruction. The first has
to a great extent been attained, and can be
always insisted on; the latter has been greatly
neglected, and cannot be secured without pressure.
The latter also, to a great extent, includes the
former. Clean faces and pinafores are not, indeed,
essential to learning reading, writing, and arith-
metic ; but the teacher who succeeded in teaching
these would be somewhat puzzled to do it without
preserving general order and decorum; while
what, we may ask, are the managers for, if not to
seeth e
this,se
tthatpoints
oe theirnet
isis the
tshs
rte
ean
ap codhsaserd idb,
loirrteyqe
vuo
eifrnemds
euarbBpyaars i:innegsdp.ae
one
Besides
e3t oreress on
these does
l nt
so much more fairly than the other. Inspectors
may differ; and managers too, as to what might be
deemed an orderly, well-conductedsehool
ton a tghee,
capacity to read intelligibly, to write fairly, and
to perform sums of a difficulty appropriate
there could be no room for doubt.

We hope Mr. WALPOLE or some of his friends
will explain one glaring inconsistency in his long
speech. He represents the simple elementary tests
required as too much for the schools; yet towards
the close of his speech he dwells much on the merits
end efficiency of the pupil teachers. He pleads
their cause and their value to the public at length.
Now, we should like to know what they can be
worth if when the children of the poor leave at
eleven years of age, they are found unable to
fulfil the simple requirements of the New Code.
Does the much vaunted and the extravagantly
costly pupil - teacher system, after all, leave half

or three-fourths of the children ignorant of those
very elements which it is indispensable they should
learn. Are the masters and the much praised pupil
teachers to be frightened by a requisition that every
boy and girl shall be able to read, write, and
cypher proportionably to its age ? If so we should
not care how soon the whole thing were given up.
There is one reason for which we approve the
Government plan far more than any which has pre-
ceded, or any proposed modification of it. It does
concentrate attention on the elements of knowledge.
In our best grammar schools nothing appears more
clearly than that the boys who have been
thoroughly drilled in the rudiments make the best,
we might say the only scholars. As in Latin, for
instance, the boy who has mastered his grammar
and elementary exercises, if he has any ability finds
future progress pleasant and easy, so in a poor lad's
English educationath e three elements be thoroughly
acquired at school, he finds the advantage his whole
life through. He retains the power of reading
as easily as of talking. Arithmetic is con-
stantly called into requisition, and now
that ease of locomotion separates the working
classes more widely than was formerly the case
with the middle classes, it is not likely he will for-
get how to write. But, the one condition of his
retaining all is, that it shall be easy to him when
he leaves school. The Government plan aims at
this—it will, we believe, attain it—and if, on this
ground alone, it would have our heartiest approba-
tion. We hope the Government will not swerve
from paying for the three elements only.

SIIOCKING CASE OF SlllClDE.—Yesterday morn-
ing information was forwarded to Mr. Brent, deputy-
coroner, of a shocking suicide committed under very extra-
ordinary circumstances, by Mr. Henry Sporr, a brass
finisher, carrying on business at No. 7, Onslow-street,
Hatton-garden. The facts as ascertained by Mr. Cozer,
the coroner's officer, are as follows :—lt appears that the
unfortunate max, who was of a most irritable disposition,
had some words with his wife on Monday, afternoon, and
retired to his workshop, where he loaded a small model
cannon, and, placing the muzzle in his mouth, applied a
match to the touchhole, the contents shattering his skull
to pieces. The report alarming Mrs. Sporr, she rushed to
the spot and discovered her husband a mangled and dis-
figured mass. The deceased has left a widow and eight
children.

THE FIRE DUTY.—Mr. H. B. Sheridan has given
notice of his intention to move for the introduction of a
bill for a reduction of the duty on fire insurances on the Ist
pros. The hon. member, we understand, will ask the house
to effect an immediate reduction of the present duty of 3s.
per cent., to 2s. for three years, and at the expiration of that
period to take off a second shilling, leaving the duty at ls,
per cent. Proceeding on this principle, it is anticipated that
the large increase of insurance would make up any loss
to the revenue accruing from a reduction of the duty.
According to the last official returns, 107 petitions have
already been presented during the present session, pray-
ing for a reduction of the duty, 81 of this number being
from various corporations of the United Kingdom. Sir
Minto Farquhar, Chairman of the Guardian Assurance
Company, will in a few days present a petition signed by
all the London offices.

MEXICAN AMAZONS.—The Journal du II avre says
that, according to private letters from Acapulco, Mexico is
preparing to resist foreign intervention with great energy.
A lady of Guadalajara, Dona Ignacia Reisch, has petitioned
the Government for leave to form a battalion of women, to
whom the honour is to be accorded of marching in front of
the first battle given to the invaders.

SURVEY OF SCOTLAND.—The following account
of money voted and expended on the survey of Scotland
duringod ;threetstuhr2e6o:7B d.g'
lyBoste
years mentioned is given in a Parliamen-
taryvoted £32,000, expended £32,770 13s
.£32,000, expended £31,839 is lld ;
1860-61, voted £30,500, expended £25,069 14s 2d; 1861-2,
Toted £22,000, expended £22,000,
• •• • • • bl

LATEST NEWS.

PARIS, MARCH 26.

The Moniteur of this morning re-produces the
declaration contained in yesterday's Constitutionnel
denying the truth of the rumours of Ministerial
changes.

TURIN, MARCEI 25,

It is rumoured that the Marquis de Torrearsa has
definitively refused to accept the portfolio for
Foreign Affairs.
The Italia of to-day states that a new Ministerial
combination, consisting of Signori Nigra Conforti,
Longo, and Matteucci was expected. According to
another report, General de La Marmora bad been
entrusted with the Presidency of the Ministerial
Council and the Portfolio for Foreign Affairs.
Signor Ratazzi would retain the portfolio of the
Interior.

The statement of the Italia has in no way been

confirmed.

MILAN, MARCH 25,

Garibaldi, at a meeting to-day of several French-
men, Hungarians, and Poles, said that the future
of Italy depended upon her strict alliance with
other nations, especially with France. A strict
alliance, however, must be maintained, not a pre-
ponderance of one nation over the rest.
Garibaldi will leave Milan to-morrow to continue
his tour through Lombardy.

MADRID, MARCH 25,

The official Gazette of to-day says that orders
have been transmitted to General Prim to negotiate
upon the part of Spam only after the entry into the
city of Mexico shall have taken place.

THE BOMBAY AND MEDITERRANEAN
MAILS.

SOUTHAMPTON, MARCH 26,

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-
ship Ellora has arrived here with the heavy por-
tion of the above mails. She brings 71 passengers,
1,600 packages of cargo, including raw silk to the
value of £BO,OOO.

The Indus left Gibraltar for the East on the 17th
inst. The steamer Cantabria, from Cadiz to
Havannah, with troops, broke down, and, to avoid
her sinking, was stranded on the Island of La
Gomero, on the sth inst.
Intelligence from Rabat states that the Sultan's
troops had crossed the river, and were marching
northward to chastise the Ben Hassan tribes, who
had revolted. The Riff tribes are still refractory.
An insurrection had also broken out among some
tribes in the neighbourhood of Morocco.
A Federal corvette, of 30 guns, from Philadelphia
had arrived at Cadiz;

At Gibraltar, on the 21st inst., exchange on Lon-
don was quoted 491, for 90 days' sight ; on Paris,
5.25; on Marseilles, 5.26. Freights unaltered.

THE OUTWARD AUSTRALIAN MAIL
OF THE 20TH TO 26TH DEC.
SUEZ, MARCH 25, 4.12.P.m.
The Bombay, which left Ceylon on the 25th
of January, broke her screw shaft on the 2d of
February. She bore up and arrived at Mauritius
on the 18th, and sailed for Australia on the 24th.
All right.
This circumstance will delay the arrival of the
mail in question in Australia about a montk,lbut is
not likely to cause any interruption to the home-
ward mail.
The Bombay had a spare screw shaft on board.

FRANCE.

PARIS, TUESDAY

BOURSE, March 25.—The arrival of the English
funds with lowea quotations has in some measure
checked any improvement in this market, which
continues heavy, but the closing prices of the pre-
vious day are pretty well maintained. Threes, for
the Account, are now at 69f. 80c., after having
been for a short time quoted at 69f. 90c. The Rail-
way Share Market has been very firm. The
following were the last quotations :-
4t per per Cents 9B 05
Do. end month
3 per Cents
Do. end month 69
New 3 per Cents
Do. end month —
Credit Mobilier 775
Do. Account

' Bank Shares 3100
Credit.F ander 1530
Belgian 41
Piedmontese Fives 6B
Roman —
Austrian
Spanish Threes 5l 50
Home Debt

RAIL'

rAYS.

Cash. Account.
Orleans l3Bl 25 .. 1380
Northern
New ditto • • •
Lyons and Mediterranean 1117 :50 .. 1120
Geneva 361 25 ..
Southern
Western
Eastern ... <
Sardinian
Austrian
Lowbard 546 25 .. 547 50