The Sun.
London, England, 1865-12-29 00:00:00

Fi THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBFR 29, lEEE.

LA TEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

COLOGNE, DEC. 29.

The Cologne Gazette of to-day publishes a tele-
gram from Vienna, according to which the Minister
of Finance has forbidden the payment of the Janu-
ary dividend of the Austrian Creditanstalt.
The Council of Administration of the Creditan-
stalt have, therefore, tendered their resignation.

THE BRAZILS.
(By Telegraph from Lisbon.)
BUENOS AYRES, Nov. 27.

Rumours are current that peace is about to be concluded
between Paraguay and the Allies through European
mediation.

Lopez, President of Paraguay, has sent a despatch to
President Mitre, the contents of which are not known.
There is much political agitation on the subject of a
new capital for the Argentine Confederation, where the
representatives of the different States should assemble.
RIo DE JANEIRO, Dec. 9.
The allied army continues to advance without interrup-
tion.

is a sluggish gas, producing asphyxia if inhaled in
a state of purity, and yet peculiarly necessary to
animal life, since it is an important ingredient of
atmospheric air, which is but a mixture of that
gas with oxygen, with which it will only combine
when in a nascent state. Dr. Demarquay having

after many experiments on animals, as well as on
the human subject, arrived at the conclusion
that nitrogen was in a manner a dissolvent of
oxygen, and had no exciting property of its own,
while on the other hand the irritating action of

atmospheric air was due to oxygen, was led to
inquire whether the spontaneous reunion of wounds
and sores might not be determined by the applica-
tion of nitrogen. In the case of an amputation,
the stump may be introduced into an India rubber
bag provided with two tubes, one for letting out
the common air, and the other for introducing
nitrogen (or, by the way, any other gas). Such is
the apparatus employed by our author. In one of
the cases he describes, a little finger was disjointed
without choloroformising the patient. '1 here was

no great loss of blood, and no ligature was neces-
sary. After the operation, an apparatus similar
to the above was applied to the stumps, and
fixed above the elbow with strips of diachylon

plaster. As soon as nitrogen was intro-
duced the patient, who was complaining of
acute pain, found himself considerably relieved,
being only conscious of numbness in the part. In
another similar case the same relief was obtained,
and when the apparatus was removed the patient
at once felt violent pain, owing to contact with the
atmosphere. In the case of a bad sore, it was found
that nitrogen retarded the reproductive action of
_ _

nature. After applying it for a week, oxygen was
used instead, and on the following day the sore was
found to be redder on the borders, and the surface

had become somewhat unequal. After a second
application of oxygen the surface of the sore was
covered with proud flesh, rose-coloured, and secret-
ing pus. The pain was greater ; oxygen continued
to be applied, but only for two hours, and discon-
tinued after the third day ; from which time the
sore, regularly dressed with glycerine, ultimately
healed.

M. Leon Renard, librarian of the Depot of Maps
and Charts of the Navy Office, gives a highly inte-
_ _ _ _

resting description of the French Naval School for
Orphans, in his work entitled Merveilles de l'Art
Naval. The Etablissement des Papules de la Marine

at Drat, recently founded by an Imperial decree,
is large enough to receive 800 orphans of seamen
and workmen of the arsenals. On the 15th of

August last it contained 361 pupils. Orphans
having lost both their parents are admitted from
the age of seven ; those that have lost only one,
at the age of nine. The establishment is under
the command of a navy lieutenant, who has
under hi 6 orders several adjutants, second mates,

quartermasters, and sailors who have obtained
the diploma of instructor. The service of the
laundry and sickroom is performed by Sisters of
Charity ; a navy physician attends patients. The
pupils learn reading, writing, and accounts.
They are organised as on board ship, and in the
court of the establishment there is a small cor-
vette with all its rigging complete, where the boys get
practical instruction. They get up at five and go
to bed at eight ; they have four meals a day, and go
twice a day to the schoolroom and twice to the cor-
vette, where they learn all the duties connected with
the working of a ship, besides the manual exercise,
singing, &c. There is a swimming school attached
to the establishment. At the age of 13 the pupil
quits the school and goes on board the Inflexible,
containing the Ecole des Mousses, or cabin-boys'
school. If not thought fit to be received in this
school, he is restored to his family, which, by the
way, has always a right to take him away. But if
he is to learn the business of a steersman or gun-
nery, he is sent on board the Bretagne, another
special school-ship. From either of these establish-
ments the young sailor is drafted into the navy,
where he always has a good chance of promotion.
The municipal council of Havre has just voted
the budget of that town—the receipts being
3,488,499 f., and the expenses 3,488,282 f., leaving
a surplus of 217 f.
A slight collision took place the night before last
on the Eastern Railway, near Chalon-sur-Marne,
between a goods' train and the postal one going
towards Strasburg. The only person injured was
a breaksman, who sustained a contusion in the leg.
The damage was insignificant.
The Cardinal Archbishop of Besancon, having
caused excavations to be made in the cathedral of
his diocese, which led to the discovery of the re-
mains of eight sovereign Counts of Burgundy, who
reigned in the 11th and 12th centuries, the bones
were put into new coffins and deposited last week
with due solemnity, in a vault constructed to receive
them under the flags of one of the chapels in the
cathedral.
The village of Charleval (Bouches-du-Rhone) has
just been thrown into consternation by a shocking
tragedy. M. Moucan, the proprietor of the Cafe
du Brceuf-d'Or at the place above mentioned, after
living some time very unhappily with his wife, had
agreed with her to obtain a judicial separation, and
meanwhile Mme. Moucan, with her son, three years
old, went to reside with her father, M. Noyer, at
Cadenet, a town in the neighbourhood. Three
days since Mme. Moucan and her son, accompa-
nied by her father, went to Charleval on business
connected with the proposed separation. As they
were returning to Cadenet in the evening in a cabrio-
let along with a Mme. Castor, they were met about
half a mile from Charleval by M. Moucan, who fired
two shots at his wife with a revolver, inflicting a
slight wound. M. Noyer then alighted to seize the
murderer, and also received a shot and several stabs
with a knife. Though wounded, Mine. Moucan,
who apparently was apprehensive of an attack, had
provided arms, and, drawing a pistol, attempted to
discharge it at her husband, but it missed fire. He
then fired at her again, but missed, and then stab-
bing her with a knife, took to flight. One of the
shots killed Mme. Castor on the spot. The horse, ter-
ified by the reports of the pistols, ran away with only
Mme. Castor's body and the child in the cabriolet,
but was stopped at the first village, and the child
escaped unhurt. M. Noyer and his daughter were
soon after found by a carrier and taken home.
Mine. Moucan, who was enciente, was prematurely
confined a few hours after of a son, who is alive,
and she herself is expected to recover. Her father's
wounds, though severe, are not dangerous. The
next morning the gendarmery went to arrest the
murderer, but when he saw them approaching ho
discharged two shots at his own head, and expired
soon afterwards.
"We are happy to announce," says the Belgian
Moniteur, " that, in consequence of the accession of
the Duke de Brabant to the Crown, Count de
Flandre has accepted the presidentship of the Bel-
gian Commission for the Universal Exhibition of
Paris."

BOURSE, Dec. 28.—Two o'clock.—English Con-
sols are telegraphed with a further fall of i per cent.,
which is generally attributed to the Bank of Eng-
land having put up its rate of discount 1 per cent.
The market here also manifests increased weakness,
Three per Cents. being now done at a decline of
121 c., viz., 68f. 7f c. Italian Fives have receded
sc.—to 65f. 40c. Credit Mobilier still continue ex-
ceedingly heavy at 821 f. 25c., showing a fall of llf.
25c. In the Railway Department Saragossa arc
buoyant at 220 f., with a further advance of 7f. 50c.,
the quotations of the other lines being without ma-
terial change. Three o'clock.—The last quotations
show a slight improvement, and are as follows :-
41 per Cents 9B Roman —
Do. end month — Ottoman Fives 42 40
3 per Cents. 6B 05 Mexican Loan 47 50
Do. end month OB 10 Do. Bonds —
Credit Mobilier ... 828 75 Russian —
Do. end month ... 825 Austrian
Bank Shares 3715 Spanish Threes ...
Credit Fonder 1320 Home Debt
Italian Loan 65 35 Deferred
Do. end month 65 45
ILAILN)

WAYS.
Cash.

Amt.

▪ 838 75
... 1133 75
~. 848 75
• 572 50

Orleans
Northern
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern
Western --
Eastern — ... 525
Sardinian
Austrian — ... 433 75
Lombard — ... 4.0 50
North of Spain — ... 170
Saragossa — ... 215
Ditto to Barcelona — _ ... 90
Romaa — In j 57 50

Earl Russell and Governor Eyre

Lord Wilton, in a letter to a contemporary, says

the Jamaica outbreak has been a most unfor-
tunate circumstance in more than one sense. No
one can read the accounts as they were received

without feeling that acts have been committed
revolting to humanity, whatever may be the point
from which the subject is viewed. It is shocking
to think that, after so many years of emancipation
from slavery, with every inducement held out to
industry and frugality, the negroes, instead of
raising themselves in the scale of civilisation,
should have ruthlessly swept aside our hopeful
anticipations, and rushed back at one fell swoop

into the darkest excesses of barbarism, not one jot

advanced from the primitive position of their race.
It is shocking to think of Europeans being
butchered in cold blood—put to death under condi-
tions of cruelty not surpassed in the annals of
savagery, the negro women even assisting in the
horrid orgies. It is equally shocking that Europeans
should have shot down, flogged, or hanged a large
number of negroes who had banded together for
their destruction. Every circumstance connected
with the insurrection is shocking. But who were

the instigators? It needs not now to dwell on any
remote cause ; that may be a subject fit for inves-

tigation. The facts, however, still remain.

Who

first threw the war hatchet ? On them, and on
them only, lies the whole burden of blame.
The subsequent acts follow as a necessary

consequence, a simple corollary ; but it suits
a faction—l can call it by no other name—
in this country, to make assumptions, and
then demand action upon them. It suits this fac-
tion to make statements not borne out by facts in
order to bring discredit upon those who, placed in
power, have been obliged to wield the sword with
a strong arm. It suits this faction to state, con-

trary to fact, that the mob fired upon from the

Court-house was unarmed, inoffensive, and incap-
able of wrong. The governor of the island was

placed by the home Government in a responsible
position ; under conditions of great urgency he has
acted to the best of his judgment, and a virtual ac-

knowledgment of the value of his services thus
rendered has been given by those on the spot, and
therefore best capable of entering into and
appreciating the difficulties of the situation.
That the governor, under very trying cir-
cumstances, should have acted with rigorous
severity may be allowed ; he acted up only
to the measure of the deeds around him, and might
have been urged by alarm, certainly not groundless,
to make summary examples. But that the Prime
Minister of this country, in his cool and guarded
moments, should have lent himself to the ravings of
this faction seems scarcely credible. It would have
been more in accordance with the dignity of his
position to have supported an absent man thus
arraigned, but not convicted. It would have been
more in accordance with strict impartiality to have
suspended judgment ; but, as it is, Governor Eyre
has been given up as a victim—for suspension is
virtually condemnation—in order that the Ministry
may gain support from this faction during the
coming and possibly eventful session of the new
Parliament.
I may express myself warmly, for I feel so; for
what are the outlines of the case? On the 11th of
October a meeting was held at the Court-house at
Morant Bay. A crowd of negroes were hanging
about the place. They make a sudden attack, but,
finding the place securely guarded, they set the
building on fire, and all in the house at the time
were cruelly burnt to death. That the negroes
were armed is clear from the report. After plun-
dering the town they went in crowds to the estates
around, murdering the proprietors or their repre-
sentatives, and then spread themselves over the
country, committing havoc and devastation, having
first gone through the hideous hypocrisy of return-
ing thanks to God and singing hymns.
For months previously Governor Eyre had signi-
fied to the Government at home that a strong spirit
of disaffection pervaded the whole island. Surely
then was the proper time for inquiry, and, if needed,
for action. But nothing was done. He was left to
act for himself. Now, when the outbreak has taken
place, when the barbarous annihilation intended
for the whole white population was only frustrated
by a premature demonstration, which enabled the
authorities to cope with and crush the imminent
danger ; now, when much blood has been shed,
the Prime Minister, cowering before this faction,
shrinks back and gives way. Why do not those
who now declaim against Mr. Eyre denounce the
Government for supineness and incapacity, and lay
the blame where it ought to fall. But no, this does
not suit the faction. The Prime Minister is vir-
tually its subordinate, and so another must be the
victim, and every act, done under circumstances of
fearful difficulty, has been noted down, falsified,
and then denounced with all the vindictiveness of
revenge. I protest, sir, against Mr. Eyre being
made the scapegoat for official incapacity, and I am
confident that all impartial men will agree with me.
But, sir, it is astounding to see how facts have been
misrepresented. At a meeting at Manchester, on
Nov. 27, Mr. Jacob Bright said, in reference to the
massacre at Morant Bay, " whereby the lives of many
of their fellow subjects have been sacrificed in an
alleged insurrection," as if there had been any doubt
about the fact. The memorial of the Peace Society,
with the accounts beforeit, deliberately makes a false
statement that " no doubt the outbreak was imme-
diately provoked by the volunteer force firing on
the crowd." Mr. Buxton, in his letter, insinuates
that Governor Eyre's treatment of Mr. Gordon
arose from his being a political opponent, and that
it was well known that Mr. Gordon was coming to
this country to lay before Parliament the griev-
ances of the inhabitants. How, may I ask, is this
consistent with the facts stated, that Mr. Gordon
had for three years been plotting this outbreak,
and had, moreover, a guilty knowledge of the
proposed massacre of the whites at Christmas?
It has been urged against Governor Eyre that he
acted illegally in removing Mr. Gordon from
Kingston, then under civil law, to a locality under
military law, where Mr. Gordon was brought to a
court-martial, condemned, and executed But
Captain Bedford Pim states distinctly " that the
removal of Mr. Gordon from Kingston to St.
Thomas in the East was strictly in accordance with
the laws of Jamaica." But so far the faction has
succeeded in its object, and Governor Eyre, before
any official reports have reached this country of all
the facts, has been suspended, the act of suspen-
sion, as I have said, under all the circumstances,
being virtually one of condemnation.
If this is to be the treatment of those who are
placed by their Sovereign in highly responsible
posts over Imperial dependencies, who hereafter
would covet the honour? Who would seek to
serve his country in distant lands and under
tropical suns, with the conviction that, should cir-
cumstances arise calling for firmness, decision, and,
it may be, severity, his acts would be denounced by
a faction of his countrymen at home, and that the
Minister from whom he might reasonably expect
support would not only give way to the cry, but
sacrifice him without even the Englishman's privi-
lege of an impartial hearing. These are the feelings
which are gradually spreading throughout the
country. Lord Russell may rest assured that a re-
action will take place. At present but one side only
has been heard. The pars altera will also claim a
hearing, and, perhaps, a loud one, too, and justice
will then be done to an able and well-deserving
servant of his Sovereign.

SUDDEN DEPARTURE OF TROOPS FOR IRELAND.—
About 3 o'clock yesterday morning an order was
received at the barracks at Manchester for an entire regi-
ment—the 64th—to start for Dublin via Liverpool, with
baggage, women, and children. The men and officers were
at once roused and paraded, and by 8 o'clock they were en
route by special train to Liverpool (1,200 strong) under the
command of Colonel Shute and Major Anderson. They
arrived at Liverpool about 10 a.m., and were marched to
the Clarence Dock, where they were to embark at 6 p.m.
on board the City of Dublin Steampacket Company's
steamers St. Columbia and Windsor, specially prepared to
sail with them at that hour for Dublin. Seven officers,
absent on leave, were ordered by telegraph to report them-
selves at the Clarence Dock, Liverpool, by 5 p.m. last
evening. We understand that a regiment at Chester were
ordered quite as suddenly to depart for Dublin, via Holy-
' head.

Lifeboat Services.

T

NEWBIGGIN, NORTHUMBERLAND, Thursday Night.
—1 have the pleasure of reporting another very gal-
lant service of our lifeboat (says the Rev. E. N.
Mangin). About 5 o'clock this morning a vessel
was discovered on the rocks at Spital Point, about
a mile to the south-west of Newbiggin; she proved
to be the brigantine Neptune, 325 tons, from New
York, bound to Grangemouth, N. 8., and laden with
petroleum. The morning was very dark, and the
master appears not to have seen the lights, owing
.to the fog over the land. The ship struck the rocks
at about 2 o'clock in the morning, but the signals of
distress were not observed till 5 o'clock. The life-
boat of the National Lifeboat Institution was
launched with the utmost promptitude, and suc-
ceeded in rescuing the master and eight men form-
ing the crew, and bringing them safely to land.
There was a heavy sea on, and there was great
danger from the number of rocks surrounding the
ship, rendering approach rather hazardous. There
is no hope of saving the vessel, as she is full of
water.

HANNLEY, NORTHUMBERLAND, Tuesday Night.—
I have to inform you (reports Mr. E. Whitfield)
that a schooner called the Torn Cringle, of Thurso,
94 tons register, John Calder, coal laden, from Sea-
ham, bound for Aberdeen, came on shore on Bardicar
Rocks, a dangerous locality, about half a mile S.E.
of the Hanxley Lifeboat House early this morning.
The wind on the shore was blowing strongly from
the south, the weather was foggy, and there was a
heavy sea running. Torch-lights wore observed by
the Hanxley fishermen, and the lifeboat of the Na-
tional Lifeboat Institution was at once launched,
and soon reached the vessel. The crew of four men
were taken out immediately and brought on shore in
safety. The vessel is likely to become a total wreck.

During the last 12 months the lifeboats of the
National Lifeboat Institution have providentially
been the means of rescuing 479 lives from the fol-
lowing shipwrecks on the coasts of the United
Kingdom :—Brig Willie Ridley, of Plymouth, 8 ;
bark Amana, of Sunderland, 18 ; schooner Susan,
of Dublin, 4 ; fishing-boat, of Berwick-on-Tweed,
saved vessel and crew, 6 ; brig Elizabeth, of
Shields, saved vessel, and crew, 7 ; schooner Albion,
of Teignmouth, 6 ; lugger La Marie Frangaise ; le
Pere Samson, saved vessel, and crew, 4 ; smack
Leader, of Harwich, 1; schooner Anga, of Norway,
saved vessel, and crew, 4 ; schooner Emma, of
Barrow, 5 ; yawl Matchless, of Newhaven, Bayed
vessel, and crew, 3 ; brig Hants, of Odessa, saved
vessel ; bark Lexington, of Nassau, assisted to save
vessel, and crew, 14 ; brig Border Chieftain, of
Hartlepool, 8 ; schooner Delila, of Nantes,_7_;

brigantine Eclipse, of St. Ives, 2 ; schooner .Pfeil,
of Blankanesse, 7 ; schooner Kate, of Lynn, 4 ;
schooner Teazer, of Goole, 1; ship's boat in Red-
wharf Bay, Angle Sea, 1 ; brigantine Burton,
of Wivenhoe, 1 ; steamer Ocean Queen,
of Newcastle, 15 ; lugger Peep O'Day, of
Wexford, 6 ; bark Maria Soames, of London, 19 ;
schooner Speed, of Wexford, 6 ; smack Agnes and
Mary, of Glasgow, 1; sloop Catherine, of Liver-
pool, saved vessel, and crew, 4 ; schooner Johnson,
of Exeter, 4 ; brigantine Light of the Harem, of
Whitstable, saved vessel, and crew, 4 ; brig Stef-
fania, of Palermo, saved vessel, and crew, 12 ; ,
schooner Henry Holman of Plymouth, saved vessel,
and crew, 8 ; schooner Thomas, of Liverpool, 5 ;
brig Nautilus, of South Shields, saved vessel, and
crew, 9 ; brig Harlington, of Sunderland, saved
vessel, and crew, 9 ; brig Kathleen, of Hartlepool,
saved vessel, and crew, 6 ; schooner Patrios, of
Barth, 5 ; sloop Robert Hood, of Newcastle-on-
Tyne, 2 ; French brig Providence, of Granville, 4 ;
schooner Earl Zetland, of Almwch, saved vessel,
and crew, 5 ; schooner Emma, of Barrow, 6 ; brig
Reaper, of Scarborough, 9 ; schooner Franklin of
Belfast, 4 ; Longships lighthouse-keeper, 1 ; schooner
Clara Brown, of Barrow, 4 ; schooner Maria,of
saved vessel, and crew, 3 ; fishing coble, of New-
biggin, 4 ; fishing smack Splendid, of Grimsby, 9 ;
Belgian brig Espoir, 11 ; smack Dahlia, of
Portmadoc, saved vessel, and crew, 3 ; lighter, in
Dublin Bay, 5 ; brig Argo, of Fayal, saved vessel ;
bark Drydens, of North Shields, 13 ; brig Wear-
mouth, of Sunderland, 9 ; brig Commerzieweathin
Haupt, of Mecklenburg, n ; schooner Test, South-
ampton, 6 ; brigantine, Tabaco, of Hamburg, 5 ;
bark Atlas, of North Shields, 13 ; Norwegian bark
Sirius, saved vessel, 1; brig Anne and Mary, North
Shields, 9 ; ship Savoir Faire, of Liverpool, 23 ; brig
Raven, of London, saved vessel, and crew, 10 ;
schooner Token, of Jersey, 6 ; ship Orso, of North
Shields, 21; smack Mary, of Cardigan, 1 ; steamer
Barbadian, of Liverpool, 4 ; schooner Daniel O'Con-
nell, of Arklow, 5 ; brig Lucy, of Sunderland, 6 ;
brig Zeeploeg, of Hoogez, 7 ; schooner Williamson,
of Veesdam, 1; and ship Senasserim, of Liverpool,
34 ; making a total of 479 persons saved from ship-
wreck by the lifeboats. The institution has granted

rewards and several silver medals and other hono

rary acknowledgments to the crews of fishing-boats
and others for rescuing 182 persons from various
wrecks on our coasts ; giving altogether a grand
total of 661 lives saved from death during the past
year—mainly through the instrumentality and en-
couragement of the National Lifeboat Institution.
For these joint services and exercising the lifeboats
every quarter, the society has paid £4,871. Who
that haS seen some of these lifeboats put off in the
very fury of the storm—has watched their success-
ful fight with the elements, and has seen the same
boats return laden with human life, that has not felt
a deep emotion, such as one cannot but experience
when witnessing some heroic and self-denying act?
The institution has already paid this year £21,374
on various lifeboat stations. Since its formation it
has expended altogether £128,859 on its 153 lifeboat
establishments. The demands on the society con-
tinue to be very heavy for payments on lifeboat
establishments. It is therefore earnestly hoped that
the public at large will continue to strengthen the
hands of its committee in carrying out the great and
national objects of the lifeboat institution. We
may add that contributions are received by all the
bankers in the United Kingdom to the credit of the
society, and by its secretary, Mr. Richard Lewis, at
the office, John-street, Adelphi, London.

A SCENE IN THE ITALIAN C HAMBER.—TO -day
was the great fight in the Chamber, which satisfied
its ardent longing to assail Ministers and put them on
their mettle. Pretext was taken of an interpellation by
Niece, directed against the Royal decree granting the ser-
vice of the Treasury to the Bank—a grave question in-
deed, and which assumed frightful proportions. Boggio,
Crispi, Valerio, all against Ministers ; even Devincenzi,
the upholder of Government, breaking out against the
official bench. In defence of the poor Cabinet, Broglio
alone stood up, proposing a certain suspensive question—
an anchor of salvation cast out to the dying. Tho Chamber
laughed. Mancini pressed upon the Ministry, and alluded
to certain intentions of dissolving the Chamber. La Mar-
mora got furious and cried out that, if necessary, he had
courage enough to decree the dissolution. Furious in its
turn, the Chamber stormed horribly. The President was
obliged to quit his chair and put on his hat. Crispi
shouted, "Go to school, Signor La Marmora !" "Go
there yourself !" retorted the General. The twipgides of
the Chamber shook their fists at each other, and the left
exclaimed, "Bismark ! Bismark !" and treated La Mar-
mora as a corporal, and inquired if Florence was in Prussia.
General La Marmora tried to explain and extenuate his
words, and said that if the Chamber were to be dissolved it
would be done in a constitutional manner. This seemed
rather to add fuel to flame, by confirming the idea that a
dissolution really was intended. Amid great agitation
Broglio's suspensive motion was rejected, and Valerio's,
which forbade the carrying out of tho decree relating to
the Treasury, was voted by an immense majority. Gen.
ha Marmora left the Palazzo Vecchio in company with
Baron Malaret. It is well known that with the present
Chamber no Ministry is possible. For this state of things
thanks are duo to the sagacity of Baron Natoli. The affair
of the Treasury was a more pretext. Henceforward we
know how things stand, and parties have no longer any
motive for hesitation and uncertainty.—ltalian paper.
To PRESERVE SALMON.—Let us suppose that,
instead of neglecting the fry in our river for the
whole two years of their childhood, we had from the time
they were a few weeks old, commenced netting the river
with a small meshed net : a net not more than an inch
square in the mesh ; suppose we had dragged it wherever
a fish was likely to be, and killed everything which could
not pass through this inch mesh ; we could not possibly do
any harm to the salmon fry, for they could at all times easily
pass through : and everything that could not pass through
would, most certainly, not be a young salmon, and if not a
salmon, would, as certainly, be a fish which preyed upon
salmon fry, and ought to be kept out of every salmon river.
This dragging of the river should never cease in season, or
out of season, while there is a herd of vermin to be caught.
—Dickens's "All the Year Round."

A.(( • 11Lat
ITU ri -----
611
.i5.--:-.. i

HER MAJESTY•

OSBORNE, Dec. 28.
Her Serene Highness Princess Leiningen visited
her Majesty yesterday morning, and drove out with
her Majesty and remained to luncheon.
Her Royal Highness Princess Louise, attended
by Lady Churchill, drove out.
Earl and Countess Cowley arrived at Osborne,
and had the honour of dining with the Queen and
royal family.
The Queen held a Council to-day, which was
attended by Sir George Grey, Mr. T. Milner Gib-
son, and Mr. C. P. Villiers.
Sir George Grey had an audience of the Queen.
Mr. Helps was Clerk of the Council.

Lord Palmerston's Will.

---0

The will of the Right Hon. Henry John Viscount
Palmerston, K.G., G.C.8., was proved in the prin-
cipal registry of her Majesty's Court of Probate
on the 22d inst. The executors appointed are his
relict, the Right Hon. Emily Mary Viscountess
Palmerston, and her second son, the Right Hon..
William Francis Cowper, but the latter only proved
the will. Power is reserved to Lady Palmerston to
do so hereafter. The will is dated Nov. 22, 1864.
It occupies only four brief sheets. The last sheet
bears his lordship's signature, " Palmerston," in a
firm and clear hand. The personalty was sworn
under £120,000. His lordship confirms to his wife
all her trinkets, jewels, and paraphernalia, and all
things constituting her ladyship's separate property,
and also leaves to her ladyship absolutely his car-
riages and horses, and the wines and consumable
stores at Cambridge•-house and Broadlands. The
deceased Premier has left his letters and papers to
Lady Palmerston, which her ladyship is to retain
or deal with as she thinks proper. His lordship
leaves to his brothers-in-law, the Right Hon. Laur-
ence Sullivan and Admiral Sir Wm. Bowles, and to
his friends Sir George Shee, Bart., and Sir George
Bowles, legacies of £lO5 each, and to his executor,
the Right Hon. W. F. Cowper, six shares in the
Welsh Slate Company. The residue of the person-
alty his lordship bequeaths to Lady Palmerston for
life, when (with the exception of 18 shares in the

Welsh Slate Company, which her ladyship may
appoint and dispose of as she thinks proper) it is to
revert to her son, the Right Hon. W. F. Cowper.
His lordship has also left to Lady Palmerston a life

interest in all his real and leasehold estates as well
in Ireland as in Great Britain, and on her ladyship's
decease they are devised to her said son absolutely,
and the testator expresses his earnest wish (but
without imposing any obligation on the devisee)
that the right hon. gentleman will, immediately on
coming into possession of the estates, apply for her
Majesty's license and authority for him and his des-
cendants to take and use the surname of " Temple,"
either in substitution for, or addition to, that of
" Cowper," but so that " Temple" be the final
name, and that the family arms of " Temple " be
quartered with those of " Cowper."

Overland Communication with China•

ST. PETERSBURG, Dec. 23.

The following official notice with respect to in-
creased facilities of overland postal and parcels com-
munication with China has just been published by
the Russian post-office :
" In consequence of information received from the
Governor-General of Eastern Siberia, the postal
department has to inform the public that postal
communication was opened on the sth of last Octo-
ber between Kiakhta and Tien-twin, by way of
Ourga, Kalgane, and Pekin. Single letters, or
letters containing enclosures of money or
documents, as also parcels and telegraphic de-
spatches, are forwarded four times a month both
ways, at the undermentioned dates :

" In the direction of Kiakhta to Pekin—from
Kiakhta, the sth, 12th, 19th, 26th ; from Ourga,
the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th ; from Kalgane, the 6th,
23d, 30th, 7th ; from Pekin, the Bth, 25th, 2d, 9th.
In the direction of Pekin to Kiakhta—From Pekin,
the 4th, 11th, 20th, 27th ; from Kalgane, the 6th,
13th, 22d, 29th ; from Ourga, the 15th, 22d, Ist,
Bth ; from Kiakhta, 17th, 24th, 3d, 10th.

" The charge upon correspondence for China is
fixed as follows :—a. The charge from the point of
departure in the interior of the empire to the fron-
tier post-office at Kiakhta is the rate fixed by the
postal tariff for the interior. b. The charges be-
tween Kiakhta, Ourga, Kalgane, Pekin, and Tien-
tsin are :

"a. Single rate-1. For every single letter with
documents, credit or bank notes, small objects in
silver or gold, and for telegraphic despatches, per
loth (half ounce)—From Kiakhta to Tien-tsin,
Pekin, and Kalgane, and vice versa, 30 copecks ;
from Kiakhta to Ourga, and vice versa, 10 copecks ;
from Ourga to Tien-tsin, Pekin, and Kalgane, and
vice versa, 20 copecks ; from Tien-tsin to Pekin and
Kalgane, and vice versa, 10 copecks.
" 2. For parcels, ordinary or containing docu-
ments, per livre (pound)—From Kiakhta to Tien-
tsin, Pekin, and Kalgane, and vice versa 40 copecks
for single parcels, and 65 copecks if they contain
documents ; from Kiakhta to Ourga and vice versa,
for single parcels, 15 copecks—with documents, 25
copecks ; from Ourga to Tien-tsin,Tekin, and Kai-
gane, and vice versa, for single parcels, 25 copecks
—with documents, 40 copecks ; from Tien-tsin to
Pekin and Kalgane, and vice versa, for single par-
cels, 15 copecks—with documents 25 copecks.
" 3. Parcels containing objects of value, if weigh-
ing under a pound, will be charged letter rate upon
every loth ( ounce), if weighing ;exactly a pound
or over, will pay per pound parcel rate. Coin and
goldsmiths' work can only be forwarded by the
Mongol post in parcels not exceeding 101 b. weight,
packages included. Parcels containing coin or
goldsmiths' work should be packed in the most
substantial manner.
"b. Charges upon unpaid parcels are reckoned
in the same proportion as for their transmission

from the point of departure in the interior of the
empire to the frontier post-offibe at Kiakhta.
" The charge of couriers between Kiakhta and
Tien-tsin is for one horse 98 roubles, for two 147
roubles. The department thinks right to add that
the post leaves St. Petersburg for Kiakhta every
Tuesday and Friday, and reaches Kiakhta in five
weeks."

DEATH OF LORD EDWARD PERCY ST. MAUR!
Information was received yesterday by the Duke of Sower-
set of the death of his youngest son, Lord Edward Percy
St. Maur, which took place on the 18th inst. at Bombay'
The telegram states that his lordship was shot in the knee
on the 14th inst., and that he had to undergo an operation
in consequence of the serious injury he had sustained.
MR. RUSSELL GURNEY, M.P., AND HIS CONS'
TUENTS.—The member for Southampton has ad-
dressed the following letter to one of his constituents :"'"
"8, Palace-gardens, London, W., Dec. 23, 1865.—My dear
Sir,—You will have seen from a paragraph which has Sr
peared in the newspapers that, supposing arrangement°
satisfactory to the Corporation of London are made for till
due performance of my duties as recorder, I have cc:also:o'.
to act on the commission which is about to be appointed to
inquire into the circumstances attending the recent die-
turbances in Jamaica. I very much regret that one cee-
sequence of this shall be that I shall necessarily be Prof
vented attending Parliament during the first few weeks
the session. I trust, however, that you and illy other
friends at Southampton will feel that the importance of tlie
duties in which I shall be engaged will justify that 111);
Bence. The office was not sought for by me, and becl,o
consulted my own ease or my own wishes I should ht.;
'
persisted in declining it. The inquiry is one the imPe",:
ance of which it would be difficult to over-estinis"
Feeling this, I thought that I was not the person to lee
tide upon my fitness to conduct it, and that I bad liti
right to shrink either from the labour or the antlera
attendant upon it when I was assured by those on /"1,.,°
the responsibility of the appointment rested that
acceptance of the office would be conducive to the P. j
interest. Trusting that my constituents will not thil;i,
have acted unwisely in this matter, I remain, drc., Etrss
GURNEY." taitt
The Globe contradicts the statement that cer
of Lord Palmerston's effects at Cambridge-house are toar;
sold. Any sale in connection with the contents of _
bridge-house must, it is said, relate to the property °
John Sutton, not of Lord Palmerston.