The Sun.
London, England, 1862-01-22 00:00:00

PRUSSIA.

A communication from Berlin, of the 18th (be-
fore the elections in the Chamber, notified by tele-
graph), says :—" M. Simson yesterday declared at a
meeting of the fraction to which he belongs, that
his health will not allow him to accept the honour
of presiding over the Chamber. The Government
will, it is expected, immediately present several
bills to the Chamber ; one of the first being that for
modifying the law of 1814 on the obligation of mili-
tary service. The new measure, as is already well
known, will extend the service in the reserve to
four years, and make the obligation to serve stop at
the age of 36, instead of at 39 as heretofore. M. de
Niegolowski, who had refused to receive his letters
of convocation as deputy, because they were written
in German, has definitively resigned his seat, so
that a new election for his district will be neces-
sary."

POLAND.
(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

WARSAW, JAN. 15.
The reign of terror to which this country, and
particularly this city, has been submitted for nearly
a twelvemonth now, has, in the Russian view of it,
been greatly mitigated by the re-opening of the
Grand Theatre. However, the anticipations of the
authorities to see the theatre filled as of yore with
a crowded and fashionable audience have been sadly
disappointed ; hardly half of this magnificent place
was filled, and that only with the Russian officers
and some people to whom tickets were given gratis.
The inhabitants of Warsaw fully appreciate how
much a performance in their native language
(which, by the-bye, the good King of Prussia for-
bids in the Duchy of Posen) tends to shed a ray on
the literature and to uphold the traditions of the
scenic art in Poland; bat wounded in their most
cherished feelings, they cannot feign joy in the
midst of sorrow and lamentation. Then, the vexa-
tious regulations to carry a lantern in your hand on
your way home, is, in itself, sufficient to destroy all
the pleasure derived from such a public entertain-
ment. As the theatres here and in Russia receive
a large allowance from the Government by way of
support, an extra tax levied on the inhabitants will
doubtless make up for the smallness of the
audience.

While the Government are thus anxious to
minister to the pastime and amusement of some,
they cease not to strike terror into the hearts of others,
and a first batch of students was despatched yes-
terday to be incorporated in the regiments stationed

in Siberia. The judiciary (if they can be so termed)
proceedings are conducted in the greatest secrecy ;
the sentence, hardly pronounced, is at once carried
out ; and be:ore relatives or friends have time to
inquire after the victims, the latter have probably
crossed the limits of their much injured and
tyrannised country. And what else can be expected
from these Russian Generals, who are sent here not
to govern but to irritate, provoke, and then ill-treat
the most innocent people. It is a notorious fact that
the present Governor of Poland, General Luders,
when ordered by the Czar—while making penance
at Odessa for the sins committed in the Crimean
war—to assume that post, frequently used to say,
" I did not ask to go to Warsaw ; but since it is
the Emperor's wish that I should govern the Poles,
the❑ I know what to do. I know these obstinate
and haughty rascals. I will teach them a lesson.
I will thrash them and hang them like dogs." This
is a fine specimen of the qualifications necessary to
govern a country containing five millions of inhabi-
tants, but they are those eminently possessed by
every satellite of the Czar.

How different is the conduct of the Poles toward
the Russians can be judged from the extract of the
clandestine journal, The Pilote, which I had
promised to send you. One of the leading articles
of that journal expresses the deepest symplthy for
the liberal aspirations of the Russian youth, and for
the efforts of the patriots of the same country, in
bringing about a better political system, but it

energetically protests against any idea of fusion or
of surrendering by the Poles their own nationality.
" We are ready to spill our blood with them," says
The, Pilote," for the whole world knows the motto
of the Poles while marching to the battle, "For our
liberty and for yours," a motto to which, even to-
day, we desire to remain faithful. But it would be
a great error to suppose that, because we are work-
ing for the triumph of common liberty, we are re-
signed to be mixed up with the Russians, and
renounce our national existence. Far be it from us
such an idea ; if in the lapse of so many ages from
Rurik to Nicolas I. this work, so often recommenced,
could never be realised, how can it be accomplished
in 1862. We can love each other fighting for
freedom, one by the side of the other, mutually
offer up prayers for our martyrs, even become
rivals in devotion for the common work, but we
ought to remain two distinct nations. We preserve
our traditions, our customs, and our autonomy.
The actual policy of the Moderate party in
Poland does not aim at the dethronement of the
dynasty, and does not wish to wring the sceptre
from the hands of the Sovereign ; it desires respect
for our rights, for our laws, and claims back its
liberty from whatever side it may come. When
the Poles meet it is not for electing a King, as it is
endeavoured to make the ignorant soldiery believe,
but it is to strengthen their patriotism and fortify
their faith—aspirations which already fill the gene-
rous hearts of a great number of Muscovites."
The Pad° then gives the wisest counsel as to the
line to be pursued under the present circumstances.
"We entreat," says the journal, "all our patriots
to keep up the most dignified attitude, and to pre-
serve all their strength and energy, which will be
much needed one of these days, We must not
suffer ourselves to be deluded by the projects which
are being elaborated at St. Petersburg, or by the
protection of foreign courts. We cannot, we must
not, rely except on ourselves ; and for this reason
it is the more important that we should leave nothing
to chance, and remain in a prudent reserve."
It then dwells on the peasant question :--
"We conjure," continues the Pilote, "all the
landowners, to exercise the greatest possible care
with regard to the peasants, and not to spare any
sacrifice for their benefit. Those who would hesi-
tate to-day to sacrifice an inch may be exposed to-
morrow to lose their life and all their fortune.
It is necessary to convince the peasants of their in-
terest that the stories spread by the Russian agents,
when they reach their ears, might produce no effect
upon their minds."

The same paper recommends to the clergy to
continue to be the mediator between all parties
whenever an occasion should present itself.
The sentiments thus expressed by the Pilote may
be considered as those of the whole nation. The
loftiness of those sentiments, coupled with the
moderation it displays, are the best answer to those
who try to represent Poland as a hotbed of anarchy
and revolution, and contrasts woefully with the
despotic rule of the Russian Government.

THE PRINCE OF WALES.—The Rev. Arthur
Stanley, Canon of Christ Church, Oxford, has been ap-
pointed to accompany his Royal Highness the Prince of
Wales on his tour through the East.
SOUTHAMPTON, Tuesday.--,The Earl of Elg'in
and Lady Elgin embarked from the docks to-day, on hoard
the Royal yacht Fairy, Master-Commander Welch, for
Osborne, to take leave of her Majesty previous to their
departure for India.
Lord Llanover comes to town early next week
from Llanover, near Aborgavenny.
Mr. and Lady Charlotte Watson Taylor have
arrived at their residence in Grosvenor-square.
THE CREATION.—The National Choral Society
will give a performance of Haydn's " Creation" this even-
ing at Exeter-hall. The principal solos are allotted to
Madlle. Florence Lancia, Mr. George Perren, and Mr. L.
Thomas ; conductor, Mr. G. W. Martin. The public may
thus be gratified with this great work at a popular rate of
admission.

The Cologne Gazette states that out of the 10,000
houses in Berlin, there are only 31 which are completely
free from mortgage.
The Pontifical Calendar for 1862 has just been
published. It declares that there are 938 dioceses in the
world, and thwt 75 opirsoopal oot,a, Lucia L ur chew Italian, are
now vacant. It designates Cardinal Milesi as being still
Legate at Bologna, and Mgr. Lasagni as being Legate at
Forli ; everything is retained as if the Legations, the
Marches, and Umbria were still governed by the Holy
See.
MONSTER GUN.--The 300-pounder .Armstrong
gun manufactured at the Elswick factory, on the muzzle-.
loading principle, was yesterday fitted to a carriage con-
structed at the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, and the extra-
ordinary weapon, which weighs 12 tons S cwt., will be
tested at Shoeburyness, when the necessary ammunition is
prepared for that purpose.
WRECK OF THE CRlSlS.—Yesterday nine of the
crew belonging to the Crisis, recently wrecked on the Ark-.
low Bank, arrived in Liverpool. They were William Car-
son, the second mate; John Bentley, the carpenter; Patrick
I\l'Donnell, the steward; David O'Neele, Andrew Hill, and
John Kelly, seamen; and John W. White and Frederick
A. Hill, apprentices. The captain and ten of the crew are
still missing. The ship, which was bound for Singapore,
was owned in Liverpool by Messrs. J. and R. Brocklebank.
SHIPWRECK AND LOSS OF LIFE.—YOUGHAL,
JAN. 20.—Yesterday morning the brigantine Orleans, of
Cork, laden with coal, was totally wrecked on a point called
Cloycastle, on this coast. Through the exertions of the,
coastguard, under Capt. St. Leger and Capt. Shepherd, four
of the crew were saved, and the remainder (three in num-
ber) were lost. It was with the aid of Manby's rocket ap-
paratus the crew were saved. Two of the bodies have been
washed ashore, and now await a coroner's inquest.
A SCHOONER CHASED BY A FEDERAL SHIP OF
WAR.—By accounts from Charleston, received at Lloyd's,
dated Dec. 26, the Prince of Wales, schooner, was chased
by a Federal vessel of war, and fired into, the shot taking-
effect in the hull, but without injuring any one. She was
then run on shore on North Inlet, and set fire to, in order
to prevent her from falling into the hands of the Federals,
the launches of the cruiser having been sent after her. She
was loaded with 1,000 sacks of salt, and sundries.
THE SLIDE NUISANCE—ACCIDENT TO A CLERGY—
MAN.—Yesterday afternoon, as the Rev. Arthur Waldo, of
Hatfield, Herts, was leaving the Great Northern Railway
Terminus, King's-cross, he stepped upon a slide which had
been recently made on the footpath, and fell with great
violence on the pavement, cutting his temple most
seriously and rendering him insensible. Surgical aid was
promptly secured, but owing to the advanced age of the
reverend gentleman apprehensions are entertained as to the,
ultimate consequences of his fall.

TIIE MEMORIAL FUND.—Last evening the furd
now being raised at the Mansion•-house for a memorial of
his late Royal Highness the Prince Consort, had reached in
a week upwards of £9,000. Among the donors yesterday
were Biddulph, Cocks, and Co., £lOO ; Lord Willoughby
D'Eresby, £100; Mr. H. W. Eaton, £100; Matheson and
Co., £100; the Turkish Ambassador, £5O ; Vice-Chancellor
Sir Page Wood, £5O; the Dowager Countess of Jersey
£5O ; Hanbury, Lloyd, £52 10s. ; Rear-Admiral the'
Hon. Joseph Denman, £25; and Sir James Duke, M.P.,
£2l. The Lord Mayor has received letters from the Mayors
of Swansea, Hull, Rochester, Tewkesbury, Salisbury, High
Wycombe, Chichester, Tynemouth, Sheffield, Evesham,
Exeter, and Peterborough, stating that they would either
convene meetings of the inhabitants of their respective
towns, or of the members of the municipal council, with
the view to co-operate in raising a fund for the objoct in_

view.

THE DELHI PRIZE MONEY.—The following ap-
pears in the Calcutta papers :—" His Excellency the Go-
vernor-General in Council is pleased to authorise the im-
mediate issue of a first distribution of the Delhi prize boot:
at the rate of S 6 rupees each share. Bills in duplicate fo r
the amount of the shares are to be sent to the General Pri2 :e
Committee, Calcutta, by whom they will be passed for pa y-
ment by district paymasters. When the bills shall hal .e
been discharged and paid, commanding officers of corps wtlll
be careful that the prescribed acquittance rolls aro duly for-
warded to the General Prize Committee. The General
Prize Committee will prepare, as soon as practicable, state-
ments showing the names of the European officers and sol-
diers entitled to share who have left India, and the amount
payable to each, for transmission to her Majesty's Secretary
of State for India, in order that the sums due to Parties in
England may be passed to them at the earliest possible
date.—R. J. 11. 13tucir, Major-General, Secretary to the
Government of India,"
The suspension has been announced of Messrs
G. J. Calvert and Co„ ironfounders, of York, with
liabilities for more than £lOO,OOO. Annexed is the
circular issued :

" Railway Foundry, York, Jan. 20.
" Gentlemen,—We ore under the Painful necessity of in-
forming you that we are no longer able to meet our engage-
ments.

"Acting under the advice of some of our principal cre-
ditors, we have placed our books in the hands of Messrs.
Cooper Brothers and Cc,, accountants, of London, who
will forthwith prepare a statement of our affuirs, to be sub-
mitted to a meeting of our creditors, to be held at the Guild-
hall Coffeehouse, King-street, Cheapside, London, on
Monday next, the 27th inst., at 3 o'clock precisely, at
which we request the iavuur of your attendance.
" We are, Gentlemen, your very obedient servants,
G. J. CALIVgItT AND Co."