The Sun.
London, England, 1865-04-19 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 19, 1865.

A A - PHOTOGRAPHIC CURIOSITY.--
a copy of THE SUN Newspaper is presented
GRATIS (with a Supplement) a MINIATURE PHOTO-
GRAPHED FAC-SIMILE of- the FRONT PAGE of THE
SUN of MONDAY, the 2d January, 1865.

*** Igor the convenience of Subscribers wishing.to pre-
serve the Photograph a suitable frame is provided, and may
be had at " The Sun" Office, Price is.

The Photograph, on card, mounted in frame, is 6d.

('iRYSTAL PALA C E.-NOW VISIT THE
PALACE.—Delightful Spring Appearance of Gardena
and Park. - Nature in early beauty.

fIRYSTAL PALACE.-EASTER HOLI-
DAYS.—The REAL HOLIDAY RESORT.—The only
place to spend a pleasant day —Wet or Dry.

CRYSTAL PALACE.—Great Success of
k) Holiday Amusements, under the direction of Mr.
Nelson Lee ; also, of the WIZARD of the NORTH'S
performances.

Open at Ten. Come. early.
ONE SHILLING. Children. Sixpence.

CRYSTAL PALACE.-EASTER
vHOLI-
DAYS.—GREAT SUCCESS.—EXTRA ATTRAC-
TIONS.—The WIZARD of the NORTH and Miss ANDER-
SON in their " WORLD of MAGIC" and "SECOND
SIGHT," in the Concert-room, at intervals daily.
Admission to the Concert-room, Sixpence extra.

nRYSTAL, PALACE.-EASTER HOLT-
DAYS.—Greatest variety of attractions, under the
direction of Mr. Nelson Lee, from morning till night.
Alabama Minstrels —Host laughable Pantomime Ballet
by the Lauri Family—Martinette Brothers —Little Grimaldi
—Gymnasium Extraordinary—Quakers' Ball.
Skating Hall, Chicese Collection, Chimpanzee, Bowls,
Archery, Cricket, Boats, &c.
Poorq open at Ten. One Shilling. Children, Sixpence.

Laughable PANTOMIMIC BALLET by
the LA.URI FAIIILY should be seen by every one.—
FULL of FUN. It will commence about Four o'clock. No
extra charge.
NOTE.—A good opportunity,for a Children's Treat.

FRENCH GALLERY, 120, PALL-MALL.-
The TWELFTH ANNUAL EXHIBITION of PIC-
TURES, the Contributions of Artists of the French an4l
Flemish Schools, IS NOW OPEN.
Admission, is. Catalogue, 69.

-TER. and Mrs. GERMAN REED, with Mr.
JO RN PARRY, will appear in their new entertain-
ment entitled A PECULIAR FAMILY, by William
Brouoh. New scenery by T. and W. Grieve. To conclude
with MRS. ROSELEAF AT THE SEASIDE, by Mr. John
Parry. Every Evening, except Saturday. at 8. Wednesday
and Saturday afternoons, at 3. ROYAL GALLERY OF
ILLU,TRATION, 14, Regent-street.
Unreserved seats, is., Cs. ; stalls, 3s. ; stall chairs, ss. May
be secured in advance, without fee, at the Gallery.
OPERA. DI CAMERA, every Tuesday and Thursday
at 3, and Saturday at 8.

rrHE X F O R D,
6, OXFORD STREET, W.
The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited).
ORPIIEI AUX ENFERS, FAUST, and LA CIRCAS-
SIENNE will be performed during this week. Principal
artistes :—Mons. Layessiere, Signor Spa,gnoli, M. Marini, Mr.
Green, and Misses Ellison and Barrie, with full Band and
Chorus, conducted by Mr. F. Jonghmans.
Comedy, by Mr. George Hodson (the celebrated Comedian
and Mimic), W. Randall, Little Bob, Miss Kate Bane, Les
Freres Talliott, the Grotesque, D'Aubans, Madame Rams-
den, and Les Freres Stonette.
Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans.
- -

Every Evening at Half-past Seven. Admission—area, 6d.;
stalls and balcony, Is.; private boxes, 10s. 6d.

CANTERBURY HALL.
The Oxford, and Canterbury Hall Company (limited).
• HODGE PODGE,
(According to Act of Parliament).
CANTERBURY H A.L L.—EVERY EVENING
at half-past Nine o'clock.
In addition to the other attractions of th:s wonderful
establishment.

-VASTER HOLIDAYS.—AIdme. TUSSAUD'S
'4 EXHIBITION. Established 30 years, at the Bazaar,
Baker-street.

A full-length Portrait model, life-size. of the late
RICHARD COBDEN, M.P., taken during the period of t..e
Great Anti-Corn Law League Agitation, nye), be seen in the
Hall of Kings.
NEW ADDITIONS.—ModeIs. life-size, of the YOUNG
KING of GREECE, and MURRAY. who was Regent of
Scotland in the time of Mary Queen of Scots.

Open from 11 a.m. tin to p.m.
Admittance, One Shilling; Extra Rooms, Sixpence.

ARGYLL ROOMS.—NOTICE.—RE-
ENGA.GDIENT of J. LEVY, the celebrated raga-
nini Corntt-a-Piston, will appear EVE itY hVENING, at
Nine, T. n. and Eleven o'clock, and perform on Dlstin's
Patent Light-Valre Cornet.
Conductor-3r. LUIGI CURTL
Manager—lf. GRENET.

A.RATY CONTRACTS.
Commissariat Office, Aldershot, April 9, 1865.

TENDERS will be received at this Office, until 12 o'clock
(noon on Wednesday, 26th April, 1865, from persons who
may be willing to enter into CUNT RACTS for the supply of

FLOUR (Ration and Hospital), AND MEAT,
in such quantities as may be required, from Ist Juno to 30th
November, 18(3.5, for the use of her Majesty s Forces stat oned
at Aldershot Camp, and within the command.
These being three distinct Contracts, separaie Tenders are
required for each description of Flour and tar Meat.
Forms of Tender and Conditions of Contract may be ob-
tained on application at th s office, by letter addressed to the
Senior Commissariat Officer, or in person, between the hours
of ten and four o'clock.
The renders must be properly filled up, signed, and deli-
vered at this office (under closed envelope, marked on the
oui side "Tender for Army Supplies"), by the hour appointed,
and no Tender will be noticed that shall not be in compliance
with these conditions.

ARMY CONTRACTS.-
TENDERS will be received at this Office until 12
o'clock noon, on the 2Sth of April, from persons who may be
willing to enter into CONTRACTS to supply
BREAD AND MEAT

In such quantities as may be required. for the use of her
Majesty's Land Forces stationed in the following places,
from Ist June, to 30th November, 1865.
LONDON DISTRICT.

1. Brompton House, Knightsbridge and Magazine Barracks,
Hyde-park; and Kensington. •
2. Regent's-park, and St. John's-wood.
3. New Barracks, Chelsea; and Ordnanca Survey Office,
Pimlico.
4. Wellington Barracks, Buckingham Palace and St.
George's Barracks.
5. The Tower.
6. Hounslow and Kneller Hall.
7. Hampton Court.
8. Windsor.
9. Brighton, with Coast Forts from Newhaven to Shoreham.
10. Sandhurst.
Separate Tenders for Bread and for Meat must be made for
each of the above-mentioned Stations or Barracks, as sepa-
rately grouped and numbered.
Forms of Tender and Conditions of Contract may be ob-
tained on application at this Office, by letter addressed to the
Senior Commissariat Officer, or in person, between the hours
of 10 and 4 o'clock.
Tenders on the printed forms must be properly filled up
and signed, and no Tender will be notice unless delivered
at the under-mentioned Office,under closed envelope (marked
on the outside "Tender for Commissariat Supplies"), before
12 o'clock noon on the 28th April. •
Deputy Commissary- 3eneral's Office,
5, New-street, Spring-gardens
1865. , London, S.W.,
6th April,

HOME for LITTLE BOYS, Tottenham, N.,
for the Reception, from all parts of the Kingdom, of
Outcast and Destitute Boys, and those verging on crime,
under 10 years of age.
President—ROßEßT HANBURY, Esq., M.P,
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
Stephen Cave, Esq., M;P. Sir S. M. Pete, Bart., M.P.
I Abel Smith, Esq., M.P.
Mr Alex. Anderson. Rev. H. M'Sorley.
HSaemnrielEM Gorulmeye,
Mr. E. H. Burrows. Mr. W. J. Maxwell.
Mr. A. D. Chapman. Mr. Alfred Short.
Mr. E. F. Gedge. Mr. Robert Sinclair.
Mr. George Moore. Mr. E. J. Tabrum.
Mr. Francis Lycett. Mr. R. T. Turnbull.
Treasurer—W. H. Willans, Esq., 78, Basinghall-street. E.C.
Honorary Secretary—Mr. A. 0. Charles, 2.6, Suffolk-street,
Pall-Mall East, S.W.
Bankers—Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Smiths, 1, Lombard-
.... street, E.C,
The necessity for an Institution for these little ones is evi-
dent from the police statislcs' which show that in London
alone, in one year, no fewer than 311 boys under 10 years of
age, have been apprehended for various offences, 79 of whom
were convicted and punished, while the bulk, 282 were dis-
charged by the magistrates with a rebuke, as being too
young to punish, though not too young to learn the beginnings
of crime. On the other ,hand, there are numbers who, but
for the timely help afforded by such an InstPution, must
otherwise become paupers, and losing all ideas of self-reli-
ance and self-help, be permanent burdens to the State.
The mode of admission to the House is twofold,
Ist. By election of the subscribers. B ,ys thus admitted
are received free, boarded, clothed, educated, and t might till
they are 11 years of age.
With the view to secure the election of the most deserving
cases, the Committe have from the first discouraged canvas-
sing, and they do not print any addresses of the subscribers.
The voting papers contain a description of each case, as care-
ful y investigated by the Committee, and with this informa-
tion the subscribers are able to judge for themselves as to
those most eligible for free admission.
2d. By payment of ss. a week, made quarterly in advance.
All children must be under 10 years of age at the time of
admission. Those received on payment are admitted at any
time as soon as approved by the Committee,
Elections of children to be admitted free will take place as
frequently as the increase in the annual subscriptions will
admit, till the Home is full; they will then be held periodi-
cally
Forms of application for the admission of children may be
had at the Home, and of the Honorary Secretary,

iTTEE,

Sewage of Towns.

The following is the third report of the Sewage
Commission, which has just been issued :
" To THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREA-

BURY.

"May it please your Lordships,—We, the undersigned,
whom her Majesty's Commission, bearing date the sth of
January, 1857, appointed to ' inquire into the best mode of
distributing the sewage of towns, and applying it to bene-
ficial and profitable uses,' have now again, according to our
instructions, the honour of reporting to your lordships on
further progress in the matter committed to us for inquiry.
" Since the date of our last report (August, 1861) we
have through a committee of our number, consisting of
Mr. Lawes and Professor Way, continued at Rugby the ex-
periments which were undertaken in 1861 on the applica-
tion of .sewage to land. Tho report of that committee,
which we append, contains the result for the three years
1862-4. •

" Your Lordships will observe that these experiments
have not been confined to the application of sewage in dif-
ferent quantities to land, but have extended to the con-
sumption by cattle of the produce so obtained, and to the
production of meat and Milk, and have been accompanied
by a careful record of the quantities and market value of the
products, and by numerous analyses of the sewage before
and after irrigation, as also of the grass and of the milk.
"It appears to us that these experiments have solved
many of the difficulties which have hitherto attached to the
question of the agricultural application of sewage, and that
they leave no reasonable doubt of the practicability and ad-
vantage of so employing the sewage of towns. '
" We have also continued to give our best attention to all
kindred experiments and inquiries which have been going
on elsewhere.

"As the results of our labours, extending over eight
years, we have confidence in submitting to your lordships
the following conclusions
"1. The right way to dispose of town sewage is to apply
it continuously to land, and it is only by such application
that the pollution of rivers can be avoided.
"2. The financial results of a continuous application of
sewage to land differ under different local circumstances ;
first, because in some places irrigation can be effected by
gravity, while in other places more or less pumping must be
employed; secondly, because heavy soils (which in given
localities may alone be available for the purpose) are less fit
than light soils for continuous irrigation by sewage.

"3. Where local circumstances are favourable and undue
expenditure is avoided, towns may derive profit, more or
less considerable, from applying their sewage in agriculture.
Under opposite circumstances, there may not be a balance
of profit ; but even in such cases a rate in aid, required to
cover any loss, need not to be of large amount.
"Finally, on the basis of the above conclusions, we fur-
ther beg leave to express to your lordships that, in our
judgment, the following two principles are established for
legislative application :—First, that wherever rivers are
polluted by a discharge of town sewage into them the towns
may reasonably be required to desist from causing that pub-
lic nuisance. Second, that where town populations are in-
jured or endangered in health by a retention of cesspool
matter among them the towns may reasonably be required
to provide a system of sewers for its removal.
"And should the law as it stands be found insufficient to
enable towns to take land for sewage application, it would
in our opinion, be expedient that the Legislature should
give them powers for that purpose,

" ESSEX. " J. B. LAwEs.
" ROBERT RAWLINSON. " JOHN SIMON.
" J. THOMAS WAY.:
" 8, Richmond-terrace, Whitehall, March, 180."

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.

LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTH-COAST.

A special meeting of this company was held yesterday
at the International Hotel, London-bridge, Mr. L. Schuster
in the chair.

The Secretary having read the notice convening the
meeting to consider four bills in compliance with the S tand-
ing Orders of Parliament,
The CHAIRMAN said the first ho had to submit was a
bill to enable the company to make new railways from St.
Leonard's to their Ouse Valley and Tunbridge Wells and
Eastbourne lines, and deviations in those lines. The object
of the bill was to enable the company to complete the
scheme of last session, a part of which was rejected in con-
sequence of the opposition of the landowners; but that
portion of the scheme having been modified to meet the
views of the landowners it was passed by the committee
this session without opposition. In reply to questions he
stated that the capital was £300,000, and the length of line
13 miles. The scheme referred to would form, in con-
tinuation of the intended Surrey and Sussex line, which
was to start from a point one mile south of Croydon and
terminate on the company's Tunbridge and Hastings lines,
a direct line from London to St. Leonards and Hastings.
Mr. C. CIIILD said he expected good results from that
project, and if the Surrey and Sussex line was authorised by
Parliament it would become a portion of the Brighton
system, and give them nearly the shortest route from Lon-
don to Hastings.

A formal resolution approving the bill was carried unani-
mously.

The CHAIRMAN said the next he had to submit was an
Additional Powers Bill, to enable the company to make
short junction railways to connect their existing and autho-
rised railways in the county of Surrey and to acquire ad-
ditional lands. It would enable them to improve their line
at various places, particularly near New Cross, Croydon,
and Sydenham, and to bring those important stations into
direct communication with their South London Railway.
The junction lines would be only a few hundred yards
each in length, and the whole of them would not be more
than half a mile in length. He concluded by moving a
formal resolution approving the bill.
Mr. J. Scorr seconded the motion, and it was adopted.
The CHAIRMAN said that No. 3 was neready. Tho last
bill he had to submit on that occasion was a bill to em-
power the West Sussex Junction Railway Company to make
a deviation from the authorised line of their railway and
for other purposes. The only matter in the bill that affected
the interests of the Brighton Company
was power to make
arrangements between thorn and the West Sussex Com-
pany for working the line when completed.
A formal resolution, approving the bill so far as the
Brighton Company is concerned, was carried unanimously,
and the meeting was adjourned to that day three weeks.

CARLISLE AND SILLOTH BAY.
The half-yearly meeting of this company was held at
Carlisle on Monday, Mr. P. J. Dixon in the chair.
The report stated that after payment of interest on the
preference stock in November last the balance to the debit
of revenue amounted to £7O. This had been covered by the
increased amount of continent rent, and now, after pay-
ment of interest on loans and prefererce stock there would
remain a balance of £33. The report having been adopted,
Mr. W. JACKSON moved that a dividend be declared at
the rate of 5 per cent. on the preference stock.
Captain Dixox seconded the motion. He thought that
by another half-year they might hope for a small dividend.
The shipping at tho port of Silloth was increasing consi-
derably, and there had lately been there the largest vessel
ever seen in the Solway. No port except Silloth between
Liverpool and the Clyde could have taken her in. If the
North British Company should have 2i per cent. next
half-year, there would be a dividend of per cent. for the
original shareholders of the Silloth Cowpony.
• The motion was agreed to, and the proceedings termi-
nated with a vote of thanks to the chairman.

WEST SOMERSET MINERAL.
A special meeting was held recently at Watchet, at
which a working agreement with the Ebbw Vale Company
(Limited) was confirmed, and the directors were authorized
to affix to it the seal of the company. The agreement
was for the term of 55f years from the 24th of June, 1864,
during which tho Ebbw Vale Company covenanted to pay
interest to the shareholders and mortgagees at the follow-
ing rates—viz., on the Class A shares (.£32,500) at £6 per
cent. per annum, and on the Class 12 shares and the loan
capital (not exceeding together £72,500) at £5 per cent.
per annum.

MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLNSHIRE
The total expenses of this and the South Yorkshire
companies' railways, including rents, tolls, duty, &c., from
January 1 to April 9, 1865, amounted to £111,303, as
against £109,210 for the corresponding period of 1864.
The proportion of the South Junction receipts accruing to
this company from January 1 to April 9 amounted to
£9,234, as against £9,272 for the corresponding period of
1864, and the oxponses to £5,430, as against £4,672.

once obtained, the difficulties of the company would be at
an end, for in every other respect its position and prospects
were as encouraging as could be desired. The long and
expensive suit with the late contractor, Mr. Furness, was
concluded. Upwards of five years had been spent in taking
the evidence required for the decision of the preliminary
question, whether the company wore in point of law justi-
fied in taking the works out of the contractor's hands.
With regard to the revenue account it was very satisfac-
tory. Although working at a greatly reduced tariff, which
had been in operation upwards of 12 months, with the
heavy drawback of having had, during that period, to re-
place the greater part of the sleepers upon the second,
third, and fourth sections of the line, the entire cost of
which had been charged to revenue, there was shown at the
end of the year, over and above all expenses, both in Eng-
land and Brazil, a clear surplus revenue, leaving therefore
the -net guaranteed interest received from the Imperial
Government upon the present share capital available for
division. After paying interest to the debenture holders for
the half-year ending the 31st of December last it would
allow of a dividend at the rate of 3 per cent. per annum.
The construction of the Government roads as feeders to the
line were under consideration for the still further develop-
ment of the traffic. In fact, as soon as those and the ex-
tension into Recife could be accomplished, the directors
were confidently assured that there would be no difficulty
in doubling its present amount, of which the Imperial Go-
vernment would reap the benefit.

Richard Cobden's Last Letter.

(From the Manchester Examiner.)

It has already been stated that the last letter
which Mr. Cobden wrote was addressed to Mr. T.
B. Potter, who on Saturday last was triumphantly
elected to represent the borough of Rochdale in
Parliament. Mr. Potter had asked Mr. Cobden's
opinion on Mr. Mill's letter, and the reply to that
communication was handed to Mr. Potter two days
after Mr. Cobden's death.

Throughthe kindness of Mr. Potter we are enabled
to give our readers a copy of this correspondence,
which will ever possess a peculiar interest, as being
associated with the last hours of Mr. Cobden :

" JOHN S. MILL TO THOMAS B. POTTER.

" Blackheath Park, April 7, 1865.

" Dear Sir,—Though I have good reason for sympathis-
ing in your personal disinclination to go into Parliament,
having the sanie feeling myself, I cannot help being very
glad, on public grounds, that there is prospect of your being
elected for Rochdale. And if this takes place, in spite of
your professing opinions in advance of the general state of
opinion among Reformers, there will be the more reason
for satisfaction.

" I have no objection whatever to the publication of my
letter. Its association with the last thing Mr. Cobden ever
wrote will give it a melancholy interest.—l am, dear sir,
very truly yours,

(Signed) " J. S. MILL."

" JOHN S. MILL TO THOMAS B. POTTER.

" Blackheath Park, March 16, 1865.

" Dear Sir,—Nothing can, in my estimation, be moire
desirable than that you should take an active part in the
projected Reform Conference (the London Conference). It
is of vast importance that any great public cause should be
taken up by men who are not (in the phraseology of the
great English Revolution) self-seekers ; and you, having
been at the head of a valuable popular organisation, will
very probably be urged to render a similar office to the
new one which it is proposed to form. Of course, the
desirableness of your doing so depends on the goodness of
the object which the organisation is meant to promote, and
on this no one can judge for you but yourself. For my
own part, I could not presume to advise on what it would
be right for you to do, since I do not sufficiently know
your opinions on tho particular points on which Radical
Reformers differ. I can only respond to your very flatter-
ing confidence by saying what I should think it right to do
myself in this or any similar case.
"I have long since determined that, for mysolf, I will
never join in any movement for what is called manhood
suffrage. Adult suffrage is what I contend for ; and when
one goes in, not for an object immediately attainable, but
for a principle, we ought to go the whole length of it. No
reason either of right or expediency can be found to jus-
tify giving the suffrage to men, exclusively of women, and
the word manhood suffrage having been substituted for the
good old phrase universal suffrage, for the express purpose
of showing that women are not included, to adopt it is to
give a direct assent to their exclusion.

" On the other hand, I consider an educational qualifica-
tion to the extent of reading and writing (I would even add
ciphering) indispensable. It is to bo hoped that before long
this restriction will no longer exclude anybody, and I
could have no adults excluded on any other ground. But
adult suffrage is not complete unless minorities have their
fair share of representation. If 50,000 electors have to elect
five members, it is not fair and equal representation that
30,000 of them should be able, by outvoting the others, to
elect all five. Tho 30,000 aro only entitled to three mem-
bers, and the remaining 20,000 to two. This is not, as is
sometimes pretended, a proposal made for the purpose of
defeating democracy. On the contrary, it is positively re-
quired by democratic principles. Democracy is not the ex-
clusive rule of the greater number and the virtual disfran-
chisement of the rest, but the equal representation of
all; majorities returning a majority, and minorities a
minority. Mr. Hare's admirable plan is the best
that has been proposed for securing the equal repre-
sentation of minorities, and would incidentally attain
many other important objects. It is, as I hear, making some
way among the intelligent leaders of the working classes at
Manchester. I should not, however, make that particular
plan a sine qua non, but the acknowledgment of tho prin-
ciple that minorities ought to be represented in proportion
to their numbers, seems to mo indispensable to show that
the working classes are willing to allow the same justice to
others which they claim for themselves. In the present
state of the constituencies the working classes would them-
selves benefit by it. And it is hardly possible to exagge-
rate the moral effect which would be produced in favour of
them and their cause, by such a proof that they do not aim
at merely substituting ono class ascendancy for another,
but demand for every class a hearing, and such influence
as it is entitled to.

"Neither would I support equal electoral districts, because
I do not think that any one class, even though the most
numerous, should bo able to return a decided majority of
the whole Legislature. But I would support any readjust-
ment of the constituencies that would enable the working
classes to command half the votos in Parliament. The
most important questions in practical politics are coming
to be those in which the working classes as a body aro ar-
rayed on one side and the employers as a body on the other
—as in all questions of wages, hours of labour, and so on.
If those whose partialities are on the side of the operatives
had half the representation, and those who lean to the side
of the employers had tho other half, the side which was in
the right would be almost sure to prevail by the aid of an
enlightened and disinterested minority of the other. But
there would not be the same assurance of this if either the
working classes or a combination of all other classes could
command a decided majority in Parliament.
" Lastly, I could not support the ballot.
" It is extremely probablo that these opinions may pre-
vent me from being able to co-operate with any or-
ganised movement for reform that we have any chance
of seeing at present. lf, as is not unlikely, your opinions
are different, you have not the same reason for abstain-
ing. But it would, I think, be a good thing if the
movers could be induced to leave some of these points,
and particularly the ballot, in the position of open ques-
tions. By doing so they wouid enable many earnest re-
formers to join them who would never consent to support
the ballot, but who would not refuse to connect themselves
with those who do.

"I thank you very sincerely for your kind invitation,
but I do not feel called on to attend the conference. I
think that I can probably do more good as an isolated
thinker, forming and expressing my opinions independently,
than by associating myself with any collective movement,
which, in my case, would almost always imply putting
some of my opinions in abeyance. Your position is diffe-
rent, and you seem to me to be, in a manner, called (if you
will allow me the expression) to take part in such move-
ments, and endeavour to direct them to right objects.
"I have stated my opinions very imperfectly, but they
are all expressed as well as I am able to express them in
my volume on representative government. —I am, dear sir
Cory sincerely and respectfully yours,
(Signed) "J. S. MILL."

1‘ RICHARD COBDEN TO THOMAS B. POTTER.

"London, 23, Suffolk-street, Pall Mall,
March 22, 1865.

"My dear Potter,—l return Mill's letter. Everything
from him is entitled to respectful consideration. But I con'
foss, after the best attention to the proposed representation
of minorities which I can give it, I am so stupid as to fail
to see its merits. He speaks of 50,000 electors having to
elect fivo members, and that 30,000 may elect them all, and
to obviate this he would give the 20,000 minority two
votes. But I would give only ono vote to each elector,
and one representative to each constituency. Instead of
the 50,000 returning five in a lump, I would have five con-
stituencies of 10,000, each returning one member. Thus,
if the metropolis, for example, were entitled, with a fair
distribution of electoral power, to forty votes, I would
divide it into forty districts, or wards, each to return
one member ; and in this way every class and every
variety of opinion would have a chance of a fair repre-
sentation. Belgravia, Marylebone, St. James, St. Giles,
Whitechapel, Spitalfields, &c., would each and all have

PRICE 4cl.
STAMPED sd.

members. I don't know any better plan for giving all
opinions a chance of being heard ; and, after all, it is
opinions that aro to bo represented. If the minority have
a faith that their opinions, and not those of the majority,
aro the true ones, then let them agitate and discuss until
their principles are in the ascendant. This is the motive
for political action, and the healthy agitation of public
life. Ido not like to recognise the necessity of dealing
with the working men as a class in an extension of the
franchise. The small shopkeeper and tho artisan of the
towns are socially on a level. The subject is, however, too
large for a sheet of note-paper.—Believe me yours very
truly, (Signed) " It. COBDEN."