The Sun.
London, England, 1865-02-06 00:00:00

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. 01,

LONDON, MONDAY, FEB. 6; 1865.

The China brings us news from New York to
the 25th of January, up to which time military
affairs remained i
were moving much the same condition. The
Federals
towards Wilmington, and
Admiral PORTER expressed his belief that he would
be in possession
of
tothper City
before long. It is of
as-
sault; but it must be remembered that the com-
munication is still open with Richmond, and that
the Confederates will probably make an effort to
retain so important a position in their own hands.
They are less communicative as to their
pl n s than
their Northern antagonists, so that it is velavery pro-
bable that some plan of relieving or assisting Wil-
mington may be now organised. The rumoured
destruction of blockade runners, stores of cotton,
&c., which is only a rumour, if true, indicates
nothing more than a natural anxiety on the part of
the Confederates to prevent such valuable material
falling into the enemy's power, while the destruc-
tion of the works on Smith's Island and the Forts
was another prudent precaution. It is not denied
that the city is in peril, and therefore it is wise to
leave as little to profit Abe federals; ill case of cap-

..........---..., do
u t
toh e bem
ture, as possible. Charleston is
SHERMAN'S next point of attack,
ani delitheeTe s
anxiety to preserve that famouts city is very great.
A meeting of citizens, held in tOolumbia, passed re-
solutions urging the vigorous - prosecution of defen-
sive measures, and declaring that the evacuation of
Charleston would be disastrous to the Confederacy.
In the city itself active steps were being taken to
meet a possible attack. Non-combatants were
leaving and business suspended, while all Govern-
ment property, with the exception of arms, was
being removed. The garrison was largely rein-
forced, and the rear of the city was said to be
planted with torpedoes. There can be no doubt but
that the utmost efforts of the Confederacy wilt
be exerted to preserve it, and with every pro-
spect of success, notwithstanding SHERMAN'S
arrogant boast that every point in South Carolina
lies at his mercy. He has, it is true, marched through
a wide tract of country, and occupied towns, but he
has not yet encountered serious and well organised
opposition. It is to this point that the Confederate
generals should direct all their efforts. They should
concentrate their forces, and make the destruction
of SHERMAN the first object, prior even to the safety
of Charleston or Wilmington. It is likely enough
that General LEE, no inexperienced tactician, has
some such scheme in hand, and will prove himself
worthy of the public confidence by arresting the
march of SHERMAN'S army through South Carolina,
" the cradle of the rebellion." The Confederate
Senate has passed resolutions creating the rank of
' Commander-in-Chief of the Confederate armies, a
post, of course, designed for LEE, but which it is
doubtful whether he will accept. HOOD has been
superseded by JOHNSTONE in the command of the
Army of the West, the former general being re-
lieved, it is said, at his own request. He is a brave
and able general, but in his late campaign has for-
gotten, in his ambition, the prudence that is the
better part of valour. By extending his operations ,
too far, and attempting too much, he allowed
SHERMAN to march unmolested through Georgia
without gaining the command of Tennessee.
THO3IAS is said to be establishing himself in winter
quarters, so that no movement need be looked for
on his part at present. SHERMAN is said by the
Richmond press to have been checked at the Com-
bahee river, where a Confederate force is opposed
to him. The interest of the moment is divided
between his proceedings and Wilmington ;
but however threatening matters may at first
sight appear to be to the Confederacy, it is by no
means certain that their prospects are really so dark
as it is the interest of their adversaries to paint
them. One point in the China's intelligence is
especially noticeable.. The peace rumours, we
learn, have suddenly dropped. The Confederate
Congress has issued an address to the people,
assuring them .of its unalterable determination to
carry on the struggle for independence with un-
flagging energy. The Richmond press is warlike
in its tone—even the Examiner finding it prudent
to go with the stream, declaring that the South can
now put half a million fighting men in the field.
In the North there is the same renewed eagerness
for war. The Daily News asserts that LCOLN, so
far from looking for peace, is preparing for a
vigorous campaign ; while in the Washington
Senate resolutions have been introduced to the
effect that no negotiation or compromise can be
entered into with the rebels until they make uncon-
ditional submission to the Federal authority. It
will be hoped this will undeceive such Confederates
as have been cherishing the hope of a possible
arrangement with the North through any other
means than the regular channel. It is not because
the North finds Davis and his advisers unwilling to
make honourable terms that they refuse to appoint
authorised negotiators ; it is because they will not
admit the independence of the Southern Govern-
ment, and are determined not to compromise them-
selves by treating with it as an established Power.
Should any of the Southern States be so ill-advised
as to attempt a separate negotiation, they will
find their mistake too late. The North will en-
trap them into concessions and admissions
from which it will be very difficult to draw back,
while on the other hand the Federal Government
will carefully abstain from any recognition of the
individual sovereignty of States. As for such
agents as BLAIR, but little can be hoped from their
interference, since the Washington Cabinet is per-
fectly aware of JEFFERSON DAVIS'S determination
to accept no peace that is not based on the one
vital foundation of Southern independence. Were
he to listen to any proposal short of this he would
indeed be unfaithful to his duty, and be betraying
the confidence of the people whom he represents
as well as governs. He has never attempted to
conceal his feelings on this point, which are shared
by the whole body politic of the Confederacy.
Senator FOOTE, who has been allowed to take his
seat in the Richmond Congress, and to give an
explanation, which in the North, under similar
circumstances, he would have addressed to the
walls of Fort Lafayette or Monroe, pretends that
his journey northwards was undertaken with the
hope of obtaining peace. A moderate expectation
truly ! The grandeur of his designs, however, did
not prevent a very praiseworthy motion for his
.expulsion. The contrast between Northern and
Southern rule is very forcibly shown in the cases of
FooTE and of the Richmond Examiner. That jour-
nal is allowed openly to abuse DAVIS, and to call
for his deposition, without let or hindrance from
the authorities. New York or Washington would
hardly shelter one private individual of such
independent opinions, much less the editor
of a journal. The Federals have also an
innagtitohne. war,
The Nv hie
Shenandoah
is certainly
unenviable distinction in their manner of conduct-
ing
Valley,° roriginal
i 11
of America, is paying a bitter price for
once al fora t
he civilisedgarden
SHERIDAN'S
zeal for his cause. Not only is
terrible suffering
occasioned by the lack of food, but what little grain
grind. A glorious
there is, no mills are left to
victory, truly, over mills and cornfields. But the
humanity of the North is restricted to
negroes_
and to negroes in slavery---for we hear
that 40,000
" contrabands " are in Washington, many of which
are perishing for want of food and fuel. So much
for Northern sympathy with the blacks ! One item
in the news is really amusing. Mr. SEWARD, of all
men in the States, is to be sent to England as
Federal Representative, whether with the idea of
provoking an open quarrel between the two
countries, or of awing the Britishers into submis-
sion, we are not told.

It seems hopeless to expect any redress of griev-
ances from those who are bound up heart and soul
in red-tapism and official etiquette—or at all events,
if we do expect it, we shall not meet with our desires.
The recent case of TIMOTHY DALY occupied a large
share of public attention, and excited very general
indignation, in consequence of the many glaring
errors that existed in his treatment. Those who
react the reports and watched the course of the in-
quiry ite th: reproachebeen and x
j u s t ifie celipnosure expectingtofollow.
f o some
sig-
nal in:upon
such anomalies as those which were proved to exist
at the Holborn union.
It is rather too much to
find that nothing is to come of
all
few words of censure to the
doctor. Really aßffeajarllybuitt isa
time that the inanagenaent of the Poor Law Board -

underwent a close inspection and a rigorous treat-
ment by Parliament, for, as at present constituted,
the principal object of all engaged in its department
appears to be to screen offences and palliate the con-
duct of offenders. The real interest of those for
whose gain the establishment is supposed to be
formed are cast to the winds, and the endeavour to
obtain attention to grievances is perfectly hopeless.
If we are to wait until the other officials of unions
and infirmaries volunteer to give evidence against
each other we may wait till doomsday for relief for
the neglected sick and suffering poor. A more de-
cided case of mal-treatment and neglect is not likely
to be given to the public, and indeed it is only sur-
prising that so much should have come out; as it is,
the secrets of the prison-house are seldom so mani-
festly disclosed, and for ene victim to workhouse ill-
treatment whose case is so prominently put forward,
there are hundreds who are never heard of beyond
the limits of their own immediate circle, who are
often too ignorant or too engrossed with their own
affairs to heed the particulars, or mark the conse-
quences of neglect. There was also the evidence
of the doctors who observed DALY'S case after
he left the Union, and this was as strong as it could
be against his treatment prior to their seeing him.
In the face of all, however, Mr. FARNALL makes his
report, that ignores all against the Holborn
Union, and is only virtuously indignant when Mr.
SHUTER is treated of. This was the head and front
of the offending, and it would be amusing were it
not so serious in import and consequences, to mark
how the official nonchalance concerning paupers
can fire into zeal and spark with vehemence when
privileges are trenched upon, and proprieties scan-
dalised by undue comments upon matters that
ought to have been left alone. Mr. SHUTER'S letter
to the Times, that was headed " Horrible Case of
Union Treatment," was doubtless a great offence,
but certainly experience has shown that he was
fully justified in so doing, for had he confined his
remarks to some private sources no one would have
heard of the case. Well might the Coroner say
that " he entertained the opinion that remonstrance
would be useless to the Holborn Board of Guar-
dians." Mr. FARNALL must be gifted with a con-
juror's powers of divination to be able to state that
he had ascertained TIMOTHY DALY was supplied
with full diet, for these are the most vague and
unsatisfactory replies put to questions respecting the
matter. Mr. NORTON was decidedly vague when ques-
tioned concerning this point. He was asked to show
one instance of DALY'S having had arrow-root, and
he could not, but stated that he knew he had from
inquiries of the master and nurse. The evidence
concerning the non-attendance of Mr. NORTON on
the patient was fully proved by many witnesses,
and yet Mr. FARNALL contents himself by only
finding fault with his not keeping a book. Perhaps
this was the best proof of sense that he showed, for
such visits as his were not worth chronicling.
However, it is not fair to blame any in an official
particular, when the conduct of the heads of the
department is so faulty. It appears that it is only
in accordance with their ideas of their treatment
that paupers should be subjected to serious evils,
and all that makes them indignant is to find any
one impertinent enough to comment upon their pro-
ceedings. Were they rightly fulfilling their duties,
they would thank any one for pointing out defici-
encies in the system, and be only too glad to rectify
abuses and set matters straight again. Mrs. DALY'S
evidence distinctly shows that her husband was
neglected. She had a great deal to say, by way of
complaint, as to the manner in which her husband
was treated while in the Union. lie had said to her
that the doctor walked by and never examined him.
Ile also said he was getting no medicine whatever,
and could not eat ! Mr. SHUTER said that he asked
DALY what attention he had from the doctor in the
workhouse, and he replied that he had " hardly
any," that the doctor and master did not attend to
his request to see to him. It is insulting common
sense for Mr. FARNALL to put in as evidence that Dr.
CARP, declares the dietary said to be given to DALY
was all that could have been desired in the case of
a man in the patient's condition. What is the use
of diet, said to be given, when there has been fre-
quent evidence to the effect thit DALY did not re-
ceive proper nourishment. Mr. FARNALL inspected
the ward, and found no fault with anything in it,
but he did not go there while DALY was in the
ward, and thus had no means of seeing
that the bed was too short for him, and that
his condition was not as it should be. The doctor
of St. Bartholomew's Hospital gave it as his opinion
that " while the man was suffering from rheumatic
fever, such bed-sores ought not to have appeared,"
and surely his evidence is worth more than that of a
hundred doctors who did not see the patient ; but it
is otherwise in the opinion of the Poor Law Board.
Mr. FARNALL says a great deal about the " dietary"
being correct, and the ward being in proper state
when he visited it, but he says very little concerning
the immediate cause of his death, the " bed-sores,"
which arose from neglect, and which all the doctors
who saw him after he left the Union agreed should
not have occurred at all in his case. A more painful
instance has seldom been recorded than the history
of this poor man's sufferings as they have reached us
through the evidence of various persons who saw
him, and yet all goes for nothing in the sight of the
Poor-law officials. What chance is there for private
redress of grievances when publicity like that at-
tached to this case meets no attention. If the poor
of the land are to be subjected to this treatment,
who can wonder that they prefer to die in the
streets, and starve in out of the way corners, rather
than be subjected to the mercy of Union officials,
and the justice of Poor-law investigators ? It may
also be asked why so long a period has been allowed
to go by before this report was published. There
could have been no need of the delay, and it is
quite Out of character that it should have taken
place. No one can be surprised when they read this
report that Mr. RUNCIE3IAN should have exhibited
so little compunction the other day when his con-
duct was animadverted upon, and well might he
have exclaimed to the jury that their verdict
would not do her any harm. It would be difficult
to say what would harm one of their charmed circle ;
not the strongest evidence of neglect, nor the moral
certainty that a life has been embittered or a death
hastened by want of care and thought. The rules
otf thehter change
destinedPio ; they
orLtaweß follow
oolanlrod. It is
dw are like the laws of the
Medes and Persians; they are not affected by chance
oro
a predeterminedeatnestly course
beurs e
hoped that this affair will not be allowed to drop
into the obscurity whichy may be convenient for some
parties, but which will not be consonant with the
interests of the community or in conformity with
the material ideas of consistency. The Parliament
is on the eve of meeting, and if, before
its Close,
some effort is not made to improve the mechanism
and alter the arrangements of the Poor Law Board,
a great social wrong will have been effected. It is
now evident that no distress or suffering can move
them from their fixed determination to recognise
the truth of anything that militates against their
notions, and this is not the proper condition of
things in a Christian country. TIMOTHY DALY has
passed from this life, but his case should not be a
forgotten
to on
all
wheo,
ha
anvde h
the i s s a
pd talewe r oat
ni gdh totpop
opportuniaty warn-
ing
t 0
make a change, and effect an alteration in their

treatment. At all events, it is a matter of serious
regret that Mr. FARNALL should have taken such a
view of the affair, and it augurs ill for any remedial
change that may be expected from a board of which
he is the inspector, and of which he doubtless re-
presents the opinions pretty accurately.