The Sun.
London, England, 1862-07-07 00:00:00

SLAVERY. INTERN ATIONAL CHESS CONG.RESS.

PRESIDENT LINCOLN ON

The following report of an interview which took
place at Washington on the 20th of June, between
the President and a delegation from the religious
society called the Progressive Friends, on the sub-
ject of a general emancipation, will be read with
interest :

The delegation was composed of Thomas Gar- 1
rei , of Delaware; Oliver Johnson, a well-known
Abolitionist of New York ; Alice Hambleton, Dinah
1 Tendenhall, William Barnard, and Eliza Agnew,
of Pennsylvania ; and was presented to the '
President by Senator Wilmot, accompanied by
Rep resentatives Kelly, Davis, and Campbell, of
Pennsylvania. Mr. Johnson addressed the Presi-
dent, and said that they did not come representing
any personal or party interest. Their clients were
4,000,000 slaves, who could not speak, but lifted up
their chainod hands in agonising supplication
for freedom, which prayer it was in the Presi-
dent's power, in this solemn crisis, to grant. He
then read a memorial adopted at a late meeting,
calling on the President to issue aproclamation free-
ing all slaves, and stating that in his speech de-
livered at Springfield before his election to the
. ffice of chief magistrate, the President expressly
declared :

" A house divided against itself cannot stand. I
believe this Government cannot endure permanently
half slave and half free. Ido not expect the Union
to be dissolved. I do not expect the house to fall,
but I expect it will cease to be divided. It will
becom, e all one thing or the other."
After the memorial had been read, the President
said, as he had not been furnished with a copy of
the memorial in advance he could not be expected
to make any lengthy remarks. He was pleased
that the delegation had not come as office-seekers,
for they occasioned him much trouble and per-
plexity. The next most troublesome subject was
slavery. He agreed with the memorialists that
slavery was wrong, and differed only in respect to
the ways aud means of letting rid of it. The extract
from his Springfield speech in the memorial he said
was incomplete, not inc luding the sentence in which
he had indicated his views as to the effect upon
slavery itself of resistance to its extension. If a de-
cree of emancipation would do the work, John Brown
would have done it at Harper's Ferry. The Con-
stitution was binding upon the people of the South,
but it could not be enforced at present.. Did
they think a decree of general emancipation
would be any more effective ? Mr. Johnson said:
—" True, Mr. President, the Constitution cannot
now be enforced at the South, but you do not for
that reason give up the st Tuggle. The memorialists
believe that the extinction of slavery would attain
your object." The Presie lent said he felt the magni •
tude and importance 0.0 the task before hint, and
hoped to be rightly dirocted in the embarrassing
circumstances surrounding; him. He felt deeply his
need of Divine ail and guidance, and had some-
. times thought he might be an instrument in the
hands of God in accomplishing a great work, and
certainly he was willing to be one. Perhaps God's
way of accomplishing the end which the memo-
, rialists had in view was different from theirs ; at
any rate, he should endeavour to do his duty with
firm reliance on the Divine arm, and seeking for
light from above to do his duty. The delegation
then retired.

THE NEGROES OF THE UNITED STATES.

(From the Money Market Review.)

A practical and at the same time humane sug-
gestion, has been made by Denmark to the Federal
Government through its Minister at Washington,
and there is a report that it has been favourably
received by the latter. The proposal is-
1. To employ in the Danish West Indies, and
especially in the island of St. Croix, persons of
African extraction and negroes found on board
vessels captured by cruisers.

2. Denmark invites the United States to enter
into a convention, whereby the contemplated emi-
gration may be placed under the pro tection and
guarantee of the two Governments.
3. Free transport is offered to all who will en-
gage to work on the sugar plantation:3 for three
years, at the same rate of compensation as the native
population ; after that period they will be entirely
free. Recaptured Africans, however, being semi-
savages, are to undergo apprenticeship.
This offer is at once so humane and businesslike
that we see no reason why all in this country who
wish to benefit the African race, and also to obtain
an increased supply of cotton, should not urge on
our Government to make a similar proposal to the
United States Government. Such an arrangement:
could it be effected, would be attended with vast
benefit, not only to the negro and to Vac United
States Government, but likewise to our West India
Islands and to our cotton interest, for it would
afford a certain means of increasing the growth of
cotton.
It is a very embarrassing question with the Fede-
ral Government as to what is to be done with the
slaves when they obtain possession of them. One
idea was to re-ship them to the republic of Liberia,
but this would entail on the Federal Government
an enormous expense, and when these wretched
beings arrived there they would be subjected to
the serious hardships of an uncertain existence,
whereas, if they were transported under proper
regulations, either to the colonies of Denmark or
to our own West India Islands, an immediate
demand for their labour would exist.
We commend this matter to the earnest atten-
tion of Mr. Bazley and the Manchester interest.
There is now coming into view the greatest oppor-
tunity that has ever presented itself for at once
obtaining a supply of cotton labour, and emancipat-
ing the negro under hopeful conditions. Such an op-
portunity may never occur again. The cry of the
West Indies and of several of our colonies has
always been—" We could grow as much cotton as
Manchester requii es if we had but labour." Here,
then, it is not only labour, but skilled labour of the
very sort that is required, and it may almost be
said to be going a-begging. Let the friend of the
African race be up and doing. Let them urge on
the British Government to make the same offer as
that said to have been made by the Government of
Denmark ; let them, too, if necessary, urge the
Government of France to do the same. The black
cloud which has hung so long over the negro race
seems at length to present a silver lining. There
would appear to be now at hand the only oppor-
tunity practical men have as yet seen of putting an
end to slavery, for a convention with the Federal
Government, such as is proposed, would go far to
accomplish this result, since free labour would be
made cheaper in the long run than slave labour.
We shall hope to see the English press take up
this important subject. It will be curious to ob-
serve what Manchester will do, and what the
Cotton Supply Association will do. A convention
with the Federal Government would accomplish
more good and provide more cotton than can be ob-
tained by even the most liberal distribution of seeds
and cotton gins. It would distance, in its benefi-
cial effects, all the treaties for the suppression of
slavery. Let us lay ourselves open to the attacks
of the worm that gnaws ceaselessly—the remorse
which arises from " neglected opportunity." Now
ist h e m
time
or
e to
cotton benefit
b y the
procuringnegr o ; now is the time t°
obtain
ply of skilled labour. The further
the
Federal
will they become with fugitive
forces penetrate southwards, the more en
an increasedde:rPai
greater will be the embarrassment 0
amid all the
for, -
ment how to deal with them, s 1 'ifs' et
se: ce
uaGnmodv etrhne-
philanthropic professions of the
all
an innate
there is deeply rooted in their very
People of the North,
They will never admit
antipathy to " the skin." .
eality of social and po-
the coloured people io
equality
as they can do to tole-
litical rights ; it is as mach aongss
them. It is vain to
rate their pr deeply-rooted feeling like
argue upond only permanent remedy will be
this. The best an o.
this portion of
the population—under
to remove e
regulations
effectiv
and guarantees, be
thoroughlY aesnoellactter of
eenobered—from a region where they are hated,
where they would be welcomed and most
ittoreoran
efta. It will be a strange and a contradictory
susectacle if England remains gasping for cotton and
fopr cotton labour at the very time when America is
irritated to the very marrow of her bones by the pro-
Bence of thousands upon thousands of cotton labourers
of whom he would gimpy rid herself.

+
1 13 the pr °gramme first arranged by the committee
dfor
thei r aerie sof performances, it was settled that Thar
saY
d
last shoulc Ibe appointed as the day upon which there shoul
be pl '.eyed a match between London and Paris by means of
the i ;elegrt iph, and it was not before Wednesday that theYi
were made aware of there being any obstacles in the voli °
this arrangement. A message was, however, on that dayd
x•ece flied. which postponed the match until Saturd aya, an
tur
chentges i wer 0 made to suit this postponement. On Se(i
day the re was another disappointment, for it was notifi
tto the c ongres a that sufficient notice had not been given to
t he Fre rich authorities to allow of their responding afar°.
ti vely t o the requ est, for that to do so would necessitate the
giving up of the entire use of one wire for the period ret:
qi lir ed , and this, it' not properly prepared for, would be a
t knded with great Laconvenience. On Saturday,
the con imittee were again compelled to improvise a days tto
program ,me, and they decided that, as they had been Pa
the expanse of bringing the telegraph wires into the rokom.
wherein t heir sittings were held, they would not be baul oc.l
the me:
of their parpose to play by telegraph, even if
were carried on within t .he precincts of London itself. Breen
tu.ally it was arranged t hat Messrs. Anderssen and Paula,
should be stationed at t hi, London Chess Club, at Coriallil
and that they should 1 tak e part in a consultation against
h Lowenthal and. Mongredien, at St. Jan:lo'oa
Whilst the prelimini tries were being arranged at Corn:
h ill, Anderssen volunteered to play a match, in therei
order td
the
u, n the time, against several players simultaneously,all
.....
following gentlemen sat down to a contest against WM'

1. Sir John Blundell, Bart.
2. R. F. Huth , Esq.
3. J. 0. Howard Taylor, Esq.
4. J. F. Gillain , Esq.
4. A. S. Pigott, Esq.
6. W. H. A. Mandan, jun., Esq.

7. Signor Aspa.
To each of the above gentl4 en Herr An hand gavem
knigh .t, and played the game: sin a rapid off-hand Inaunbe '
rather with the view of affo, rding amusement to thesilii
stande ra than to exhibit any particular proficiencY °l.ltul do
in cornbinations. The results were that Sir John Blandon
won, M:r. It. F. Hunt lost, Mr. J. 0. H. Tayloes gemeona
drawn,
MI r. Gillam lost, Mr. Pi gott's game was dravlll'
Mr. Mundoll lost. , Messrs'
The cow ;siltation game was 'then begun hetw`T Messrs'
Lowenthal and Mongredien on. the one side/ an",,,,, Were
Audorssen and Paulsen on tl Le other, but them °--af the
made very s,'ovrly, and for son le time before the sloe
no
sitting it bec.•ame obvious to every one that therelesnoli
possibility of the game being concluded. It was a' '"'"
adjourned. . tlie
There were also, simultaneously with the Precedillag'ele•
four following single games, played by means cl til t
graph, between the English and the foreign players:
llannah against Steinitz.
C ampbell „ Faulkbeer.
3E. ennedy „ Dubois.
In this, as well' no Sat WII6
as in cOnsulStta.tißonon game, -- re Or
arrived at on Saturday, because of the time Wilt veri
graphing the vs irious moves. Indeed we may ,ta' sedo
mohuactrh as the Irisl iman did when he was put into we f the
thing, the
b oryttomout— out—that but for thed lit.,fivk ° pre.
"mode of procedure was ee
ferable. i ehiled
Only one of th o games in the grand ton/110161"Barred
yesterday calls fo x special notice—that between 111.,,,' ove
and Mr. Blackbi erne. The latter gentleman had th
and offered his o pponent an open game, which Moe." gr.
Barnesdeclined to accept, adopting the Sicilian defen air
appeared. to hold the opinion that the limited ~,, to
Hence of Mr. Blackburne could not have enabled 1117 a°
master the subtleties of end game. He therefore lesaort
opportunity of changing off his pieces, and in a ve.grYra-the
time the game was reduced to a contestof PaVnia,M.-je lgt.
long experience, careful study, and practised au' of,i• g a
Barnes became ap parent, and Mr. Blackburn° overlot a
move that would have given him a draw, was ,Piiteeciaaatt°c
-1.
disadvantage, overthrown, and conquered. °°,-hA. anti
occupied three hours, the interest being coati:Led t° "-
game. A a. i11_..8
The public sittings of the congress having new --°Be. flow
remainder of the matches will be continued at the TT, 500
London clubs. The Problem Tourney, for which nea'r earl, 500
problems have been entered, will not be completed for setae
so
little time, as the work of examining them is both 01°Itiader
tedious. On Thursday the banquet will take Placesreek °
the presidency of Lord Lyttelton, and during the , vie of
general meeting will be held for the revision of th ,°
oaar
chess. Throughout the sittings of the congress, tbs.., ale
tesy and excellent arrangements of Mr. Lovirentli'''
manager, have given universal satisfaction.