The Sun.
London, England, 1865-12-29 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 29, 1865.

QTODARE. - CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS.-
THEA VRE OF MYSTERY, EGYPTIAN HALL

MARVELS in MAGIC and VENTRILOQUIST, as per-
formedlby command before her Majesty the Que n and the
Royal Family at Windsor Castle, Tuesday Evening, Nov. 21,
18135. Great attractions for CHRISTMAS. Magic, Ventri-
lcquism, Inexhaustible showers of Christmas Presents, the
marvellous SPHINX, the BIRTH of FLOWER TREES, and
STODARE'S cnlebrated INDIAN BASKET FEAT, as only
performed by him.

Every evening at 8 ; Wednesday and =aturdvy at 3. Stalls
at ➢fitchell's. Old Bond-street, and Box-offi:e, Egyptian
Hal,. Admission, is., 2s. ; and stalls, 3s.
"Almost miraculous."—Vide Times, April 18, 1865.

CHRISTY MINSTRELS, St. James's Hall,
Ptceadilty.—The only original and veritable legitimate
CHRISTY MINSTRELS Every Night at 8, Wednesdays ann
Saturdays at 3 and 8, retaining all the specialties and old
favourites who originally created the reputation of the Com-
pany. Fauteuils, 55.; stalls, 3s ; unreserved seats, 25.; gal-
lery, Is. Tickets at Austin's, 28, Piccadilly.—Manager, Mr.
Frederick Burgess.

HE O X F O R D.
6, OXFORD STREET, W.

The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited).

BOXING-NIGHT, and during the Week, EXTRA PER-
FORMANCES by all the available talent. Opera, Bur-
lesque, Pantomime. Ballet, and Comedy Every Evening.
performed by the entire company, includiug Misses Russell,
Fitz Henry, Barrie; Messrs. A. St. Albyn, W. Williams,
Spagnoli, &c. The HUNGARIANS in their new entertain-
ment; Messra Duriah and Davies's illustrations of Negro
Life ; Herr Preskow, the wondrous posturer from the Grand
Theatre, St. Petersburg ; the D'Aubans, Herr Berrani and
his talented family; the ENCHANTED HASH, eleven
characters performed by Mr. E. Marshall (his first appear-
ance here', the entertainment written expressly for him by
Mr. W. T. Vandervell ; and a host of other talent, for Which
see programme and small biIIs.—EVERY EVENING.-

Admission—Area, 6d.; stalls and balcony, is. ; private
boxes. 10s. 6d.

CANTERBURY HALL.
RI-FUM ! TI-FUM!
The Music composed and arranged by Willem Vandervell,
will be produced This Evening.

Mr. E. MARSHALL will, make his appearance in
RI-F UM TI-F UM!
Mr. and Mrs. W. RANDALL will make their Re-appear-
ance in
RI-FUM TI-FUM!
LES FRERES D'ETOILE in
RI-FUM TI-FU3I!
Lea MONTAGNARDS will make their first appearance in
this Country in
RI-FUM TI-FUM!
Tin FLIGHT of MERCURY by the renowned
TALLIOTT in
RI-FUM TI-FUM!
Signor TESCANO, the Cousin and Rival of the late
DONATO, in
RI-FUM TI-FUM!
The MYSTERIES OF MABILE in
RI-FUM TI-F UM!
Les TABLEAUX D'AMOUR, illuminated by the Magnesium
Light, in
RI-FUM TI-FUM!
The Beautiful BALLERINES in
RI-FUIL T I-F UM!
LE GALOP INFERNAL in
RI-FUM T I-F UM!
The Fairy Orchestra, designed and painted by Mr. W.
Gowrie, in
RI-FII3I TI-FITM!
Upwards of ONE HUNDRED PERSONS will appear in
RI-F UM TI-FUM!

MADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION,
Raker-street.
NEW ADDITIONS.—In the Chamber of Horrors are full-
)ongth Portrait Models, taken from lite, of CHARLOT rE
WINSOR and STEPHEN FOItWOOD, alias ERNEST
SOUTHEY.
Open from 11 a.m. till dusk, and from 7 till 10 p.m.
Admittance, One Shilling; Children under 10, half-price ;
Extra Rooms, Sixpence.

ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street,
Piccadilly.—GßAND CASINO and MUSICAL PRO-
MENADE is NOW OPEN for the Season.

Musical Director, M. LUIGI CURTL
Manager, Mons. GRENET.

The Band plays nightly Selections from the most eminent
Composers.
Doors open at half-past 8 o'clock; close five minutes to 12
o'clock.

Admission. to Promenade, One Shilling.

DEFRIES and SONS beg to call the special
sy • attention of Merchants and the Trade to their
NEW PATENT ASTRA BURNER,
With Circular Wick,
which for simplicity of construction, great brilliancy of light,
perfect combustion. and its entire freedom from heat, sur-
passes everything that has yet been introduced.

ASTRA LAMPS can be .obtained from the
METROPOLITAN LIGHT COMPANY, 417, Strand,
and from all Ironmongers and Lamp Warehouses in Town
and Country; and the Patentee, 16 and 17, Commercial-
street, Whitechapel.

ASTRA, PETROLEUM, and KEROSINE
LAMPS on SHOIV. (New Designs.)

ASTRA (Patent) LAMP, for MINERAL

AS TR A LAM P.—Five Hundred NEW
PATTERNS for the Season now on Show.

TABLE GLASS, ENGRAVED AND CUT.
T DEFRIES and SONS,
• 16 and 17, COMMERCIAL-STREET.

TAVERN AND HOTEL GLASS.
Newest Patterns, Correct Measure.
J • DEFRIES and SONS,
16 and 17, COMMERCIAL-STREET.

ALEXANDRA DINNER SERVICES,
For 12 Persons, £1 18s. 6d.
BREAKF t.ST and TEA SERVICES
in great variety, £1 ls.
T DEFRIES and SONS,
• 16 and 17. COMMERCIAL-STREET.

CRYSTAL CHANDZLIERS,
In the Grecian and Venetian Designs.
T DEFRIES and S ONS,
tl • 16 and 17, COMMERCIAL-STREET.

BRONZED AND ORMOLU CHANDELIERS,
New designs, for the Dining-room.
T DEFItIES and S ONS,
ti • 16 and 17, COMMERCIAL-STREET.

CRYSTAL LAMPS AND WALL LIGHTS
(Registered) for India.
JDEFRIES and SONS,
• 16 and 17, COMMERCIAL-STREET.

CLUB, MESS, AND FURNISHING ORDERS
for the above Goods promptly executed.
`Yorks—LONDON and BIRMINGHAM.
JDEFRIES and SONS,
• 16 and 17, COMMERCIAL-STREET.

DEFRIES and SONS
J• Supply Merchants with Pattern Books Free.

T DEFRIES and SONS'
tl • TEMPORARY SHOW ROOMS.
16 and 17, COMMERCIAL-STREET, WHITEC EIAPEL,
Five Minutes' walk from the Late Establishment,
147, HOUNDSDITCH.

COUNTRY HOTELS and INNS WANTED.—
Mr. STRANSOM begs to call attention of Proprietors
wishing to dispose of this class of Property to the facili-
ties offered by the extensive and free circulation of his
MONTHLY LIST, and invites them to forward particulars
for insertion in the next publication, upon the express under-
standing that no charge will be made unless a purchaser is
found through his agency.—Country Hotel Agency Offices,
42, Hart-street, Bloomsbury-square, W.C.

ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road,
in the immediate vicinity of the Great Northern
way Terminus, King's-cross.
Patron—Her Most Gracious Majesty the QUEEN.
Vice-Patron—His Royal Highness the Prince of WALES, KG

SATLORS' ORPHAN
110.11 E, Hampstead.
PATRON-7
TRUE'

GIRLS' SCHOOL and
Offices, 77, CornhilL
Le QUEEN.
TEES.

Capt. the Hon. Francis Maude, I The Rev. Canon Champneys
R.N. Thomas Baring, Esq., M.P.
TREASURERS.

R. C. L. Bevan, Esq. I Robert flanbury, Esq.
This Institution is designed to supply a great national
want, viz., an asylum for the orphan daughters of sailors in
the Royal Navy and Merchants Service and of Marines.
It clothes, maintains, and educates them for domestic
service, and provides a home free of expense for former
inmates while out of situations, thus shielding them from the
temptations they might otherwise be exposed to.
The Committee earnestly APPEAL for CONTRIBU-
TIONS to meet the increasing applications through the
recent storms and loss of life at sea, andt o enable them
eventually to obtain premises more commensurate with the
necessities of this great maritime country, which loses 2,000
sailors annually by casualties alone, without including those
who may perish by war.
Subscriptions thankfully received by the bankers, Messrs,
Barclay, Bevan, and Co., Lombard-street, and by the Secre-
tary, at the Qilloes, No. 77, Cornhill.
R. SWEETING, Hon. Sep.
CHARLES NASH, Se.,

- J. an' D. NICOLL, Tailors to the
LA. • Queen, Royal Family, and Courts of Europe.—
For GENTLEMEN the FASIIIO-,NS for the SEASONS,
for the promenade or demi-dress—Superfine frock coats,
with rich silk breast facings, or morning coats of superfine
Melton cloths, the charge for the former being to 4*
guineas; for the latter 21 to 3} guineas. For neglige
purposes, morning coats with pocket flaps at -the waist,
also the neglige jackets; these are of Melton, fancy coat-
ings, Angola. and Cheviots, the prices from 255. to 4
guineas. The Angolas and Cheviots aro also made in
suits, at prices from 2 to 4 guineas; evening dress, black
cloth of the .finest quality. For Overcoats—Melton,
Beaver, and Witney cloths, from 2 to 8 guineas. For
young gentlemen from eight years of age—The morning
coat and neglige jacket ; also suits of Angola and Cheviot,
the prices according to size, commencing at 31s. 6d. the
suit. For boys from four years of .age—The Knicker-
bocker and Highland costume of black velvet, or fine
cloth for dress, and of Angolas and Cheviots for morning,
the price of the first size Knickorbocker, 1 guinea the suit.
For Overcoats—Melton, Beaver, and Walley cloths, from
Ito 2 guineas each. Foreigners and visitors to London,
Manchester, and Liverpool will find at Messrs. Nicholl's
garments ready for immediate use, or made at a few hours'
notice.—H. J. and D. Nicoll, 114, 116, 118, 120, Regent-
street; 22, Cornhill, London;. 10, Mosley-street; Man-.
chester ; and 50, Bold-street, Liverpool.

AGENTS required for Madame RACHEL'S
PREPARATIONS in Town and Country.-47A, New
Bond-street.

CHOCOLATE.--MENIER'S FRENCIT

CILOCOLAT-MENIEW'or Breakfast.

caoCOLAT-MENIER is
delicious.pure, wholesome, and

MENIER'S FRENCH CHOCOLATE.
Warehouse, 23, Henrietta-street, Covent-garden.
Sold everywhere.

JOIN HARVEY and SON, Ludgate-hill,
send PATTERNS of all GOODS.
Ladies waited upon at home by competent assistants.
Their STOCK is now well assorted in all branches.
SILKS, MANTLES, DRESSES, LINENS.

ITHAT DO THE WILD WAVES SAY
NOW? —That the FIERY CROSS has arrived,
bringing Borne magnificent KAISOW CONGOUS of delicious
flavour, and which may now be had, at a mere commission on
the import price, of the EAST INDIA. TEA COIIPAN
No. 5, Great St. Helen's Churchyard, Bishopsgate-street.

TOHN GOSNELL and CO.'S CHERRY
effi TOOTH PASTE is greatly superior to any tooth
powder; gives the teeth a pearl whiteness, protects the
enamel from decay, and imparts a pleasant fragrance to
the breath. Price is. 6d.—Bull Wharf, Rotherhithe, Lon-
don.

DINNEFORD'S FLUID MAGNESIA.
The medical profe eion for Thirty years have approved
of this pure solution of Magnesia as the best remedy for Gout
and stomach disorders of every ktr d ; and as a mild aperient
it is esrecially adapted for ladies and children. Prepared
solely by
DINNEFORD and CO., Chemists, SW.,
172, New Bond-street, London ;

And sold throughout the world by all respectable chemists,
CAUTION.—See that " pinneprd and Co." is on each bottle

and red label over the cork.

TEETH AND PAINLESS DENTISTRY.
Messrs. LEWIN and SIMEON MOSELY and

SONS, Dentists,
30, Berners-street, Oxford-street, and 448, Strand,
Opposite Charing-cross Railway Station.

Their painless artificial teeth are unequalled for economy,
durability, comfort, and all purposes of articulation and mas-
tication. Operations of every kind being unnecessary, the
most nervous patient can be supplied withopt fear of pain or
inconvenience.

Consultation free. Teeth from ss, Sets from 5 to 25 gs.,
warranted.

For the efficacy, utility, and success of their system, vide
" Lancet."

Daily attendance at 30, Berners-street, Oxford-street, and
448, Strand, London; 15, Whitefriargate, Hull; 10, Norfolk-
street, Sheffield; 4, East-parade, Leeds; and 14, St. Nicholas-
street, Scarbro'. _

Observe—Established 1830. No connection with any of the
same name.

Naval and Military Intelligence.

Her Majesty's iron store-ship Industry, laden
with returned stores fromsthe west coast of Africa,
has arrived at Woolwich, and yesterday commenced
unshipping at the dockyard.

The War Department steam store-ship Lord
Panmure, Mr. Moore commander, yesterday com-
pleted shipping a cargo of stores for the western
yards, consisting of 120 tons of Armstrong guns,
shot and shell, and four wrought-iron gun carriages
for the 12-ton guns supplied to her Majesty's iron-
clad cupola ship Wivern, at Portsmouth. The
Lord Panmure will sail from Woolwich Arsenal
this morning, calling at Purfleet to ship 2,000 bar-
rels of powder for Tipner, near Portsmouth. The
Thames, Mr. llornsee commander, also in the ser-
vice of the War Department, will sail with the
Lord Panmure from Woolwich this morning, laden
with shot and shell, for Shoeburyness. The Lord
Raglan, Mr. Wilkin commander, yesterday com-
menced taking in 700 7-inch shell, shot, and other
war stores for the Channel Islands.

The Malacca, 17, screw corvette, Capt. R. Old-
field, was officially inspected at Spithead yesterday
by Admiral Sir M. Seymour, G.C.8., Port Admiral
and Naval Commander-in-Chief at Portsmouth, and
her crew put through a thorough course of great
gun and small-arm drill, with satisfactory results,
preparatory to her trial of speed at the measured
mile and departure on foreign service.
The Dart, 5, screw gun vessel, Commander
Richards, which arrived at Spithead on Wednesday
from the West Coast of Africa, was inspected yes-
terday by Admiral Sir Michael Seymour, G.C.8.,
and afterwards steamed into Portsmouth harbour to
be dismantled, and return stores, preparatory to
being paid out of commission.
The Lords of the Admiralty have been pleased to
notify to Col. Maxwell, commandant of the Royal
Marine division of Light Infantry at Woolwich,
that their lordships have granted leave of absence to
the following named officers of his division :
Lieut. and Quartermaster D. Connor ; First Lieut.
Allnutt ; Second Lieut. J. F. Laxmoore ; Second
Lieut. J. N. Emra ; and Second Lieut. B. C. P.
Hamilton.
A horse Guards' order was received at Chatham
yesterday by Major-Gen. Sir Robert Walpole,
K.C.8., directing the depot companies of the 65th
(2d Yorkshire, North Riding) Regiment to b e held
in readiness to proceed to Devonport to join the
headquarters and service companies of that regi-
ment on their arrival from New Zealand. The 65th
Regiment has been absent from England nearly 20
years, it having embarked for Now South Wales in
the early part of 1846.
The 25th Company of Royal Engineers attached
to the Royal Engineer establishment at headquar-
ters, Chatham, has received orders to move, early in
the ensuing month, from that garrison to Dover, for
the purpose of being employed on the fortifications
and other works in progress for the defence of that
part of the coast. The 7th Company of Royal En-
gineers, which has been doing duty at Dover for
some time past, will rejoin at headquarters, Bromp-
ton-barracks, where the non-commissioned officers
and men will be employed on the Royal Engineer
depot field works.

On the occasion of the Duke of Somerset and the
other members of the Board of Admiralty paying
their official annual visit to Chatham dockyard some
time back they had interviews with several deputa-
tions from the workmen at that establishment, who
pointed out the alleged grievances under which they
labour. The chief complaint is the inadequate rate of
pay they receive as compared with that given in the
leading private shipbuilding firms. Their lordships
on that occasion, after hearing the statements of the
members composing the several deputations, pro-
mised that the subject matters brought before them
should receive attention, with the object of any real
grievances being redressed_ An Admiralty circular
was accordingly roceived at Chatham dockyard yes-
terday. In it they ann ounce that, after carefully
and anxiously considering the subject of a proposed
increase of wages to the wcrkmen generally, and
having had the opportunity of hearing the frank and
respectful statements of -the deputations from the
various classes of workmen at the recent annual
visitation of the dockyard, and at the same time
comparing the rates of payments for labour in the
royal dockyards with those of private establish-
ments, they cannot recommend Parliament to grant
any increase of wages to the workmen. A similar
order has, it is understood, been forwarded to all
the other naval establishments.

In consequence of some misunderstanding having
arisen between Rear-Admiral Seymour, C. 8., Su-

perintendent of Devonport dockyard, and some of
the officials at that establishment relative to the time
for the workmen employed in the smithy leaving
their work—which has led to the master smith being
suspended by Admiral Seymour, and the case re-
ferred to the Admiralty—a minute has been issued
by the Lords of the Admiralty, and received. at
Chatham, calling attention to the principal regula-
tions of the Boakl of Admiralty, previously issued.
By it the mechanics employed in the smithy are
allowed to leave their work ten minutes before the
time for leaving the dockyard, to enable them to
wash themselves and change their clothes before
quitting the workshops.

The funeral of Col. A. Murray, lately command-
ing the 87th (Royal Irish Fusiliers) Regiment, is
appointed to take place at Portsmouth on Satur-
day with full military honours.

A fall of four-tenths in 24 hours in the baro-
meter, accompanied by the rising of a strong wind
from the south-west at Portsmouth yesterday, gives
promise, if the barometer continues its downward
course, of a favourable opportunity speedily occur-
ring for the Minotaur frigate to make her anxiously-
looked for cruise into the Channel for the trial of
the three 121 ton competitive broadside gun car-
riages she has on board.

Yesterday at the meeting of the Windsor Local
Board of Health, held at the Town-hall, the Mayor
in the chair, Mr. Phillips, the clerk, read a letter
received from Col. Nicholson, R.E. It referred to
the widening of Love-lane, a narrow thoroughfare
in the borough, as a compensation for the loss of
Barrack-lane, at the back of the infantry barracks,
which the War Department is desirous of closing
for the purpose of altering the present building. In
this communication Col. Nicholson said the Secre-
tary of State requested, as the Windsor Local
Board of Health had greater facilities for the for-
mation of a road at the spot named than the War
Department, that that body should forward an esti.
mate of the amount of money required for the pur-
chase of the necessary land for the formation of the
road. After some discussion, the clerk was ordered
to obtain the information and send it to the military
authorities.

The following appointments have been made at
the Admiralty :—Lieut. Arthur H. Gilmore to
the Canopus ; Lieut. John C. Burnell to the Liver-
pool ; Lieut. Francis G. Shaw to the Frederick
William ; Douglas M. Forsyth, midshipman, to
the Gladiator ; Charles G. Burney, paymaster, to
the Fisgard ; Dr. Peter W. Wallace and William
T. Carr, surgs., to the Flora, additional, for dis-
posal ; Donald M'Alpin, assist.-clerk, additional, to
the Revenge ; Edward Hickson, assist.-clerk, to the
Formidable, as supernumerary ; James A. Bell and
W. R. Rae, assist.-clerks, to the Royal Adelaide ;
and Andrew J. Ramsay, assist.-clerk, additional, to
the Frederick-William. Francis J. Wildman has
been nominated to a naval cadetship.

Christmas Lectures at the Royal Institution

The usual Christmas lectures at the Royal Insti-
tution are delivered this year by Professor Tyndall,
the subject being " Sound," and they are more fully
attended than on any previous occasion. In the in-
troductory lecture, on Tuesday, Professor Tyndall
explained the cause of sound and the effect producedy
by sonorous vibrations of the air on the auditory
nerve. The sound-wave, he stated, is composed of
two parts, in one of which the air is condensed, and
in the other it is rarified ; and he compared the
propagation of sound through air to the transmis
sion of a push through a crowd, for, though com-
municated to great distances, each particle of air
that serves to transmit sound merely oscillates to
and fro. On the length of those oscillations the
sensation of sound and the variations of it entirely
depend ; for beyond a certain length, when the vi-
brations are slow, no sound is audible, and as the
waves increase in rapidity and diminish in length
the sound increases in shrillness until it ceases to be
heard. The velocity of the sound-wave in air of the
freezing temperature is 1,090 feet a second, and in
warmer air its velocity increases at the rate of one
foot and 6-10ths for every degree of temperature of
the Centigrade thermometer. Professor Tyndall said
that in the transmission of sound one portion of the
air constituting the sound-wave is warmed by the
condensation caused by the impulsion, and the other
portion is cooled, and by these changes of tempera-
ture the velocity is increased, 1-6th of the velocity
being due to those changes. The elasticity of the
air is the cause on which the velocity of the trans-
mission of sound through the atmosphere depends,
and it travels with greatest rapidity through the
gas that has most elasticity and least weight.
The velocity of sound through liquids is greater than
through air, and it travels more rapidly through
solids than through either. Through river water
sound is transmitted at the rate of about 5,000 ft. in
a second ; through firewood at the rate of 15,000 ft.
in a second ; through iron at the rate of 17,000 ft. ;
and in lead the velocity does not exceed 4,000 ft. in
• •
a second, the velocity;depending On the-elasticity of
the medium through which it ia conducted. In wood,
sound passes more rapidly along the fibres than
across them. Professor Tyndall observed that there
is no mistake more common than that of supposing
the velocity of sound to be increased by the density
of the body through which it is transmitted. The
cause is attributable to the greater elasticity in one
than in another, for if the elasticity of water did
not exceed that of air, the transmission of sound
through the fluid would be only 1-28th part as rapid
as it is through air. The transmission of sound
through solid bodies was illustrated by a very strik-
ing experiment. A rod of wood that passed through
the floor was connected with musical instruments in
a room beneath, and with a sounding board in the
lecture room. A piano and other instruments played
below were entirely inaudible when the connection
with the wooden rod was broken, but when they
touched they could be heard very distinctly. Pro-
fessor Tyndall also explained and illustrated the
diffusion of sound, which produces echoes, and its
concentration to a focus by a concave mirror, in the
same manner as the convergence of the rays of light.
Sound may be also refracted; and this was attempted
to be shown by interposing a globe filled with gas
between a watch at one end of the lecture table and
an ear trumpet at the other. When the globe re-
fracted and concentrated the wave the tick of the
watch could be heard, but when the globe was re-
moved the sound was inaudible. The experiment
was not, however, altogether satisfactory.
Yesterday Professor Tyndall explained more fully
and illustrated by numerous experiments the diffusion
of sound by communication with various bodies,
and the cause of the production of musical notes.
A.still wire stretched and vibrated when not in com-
munication with any body that can augment and
transmit the sound is inaudible, or nearly so ; but
on placing the same wire across a board the sound
is distinctly heard, and it becomes more loud when
the board is hollow. In these cases the effect is
produced by communicating to the board the vibra-
tions of the wire, and by thus exposing a larger sur-
face to the air the amplitude of the sound is increased.
Many curious and interesting experiments were per-
formed to illustrate the increase of sound in that
manner, and among them was a small apparatus
contrived by Mr. Kilburn. A small musical snuff-
box was enclosed in a box lined with felt to deaden
the sound, and then again in another box; a wooden
rod, with a disc of wood fixed at the top, was pushed
through holes in the boxes until it touched the musi
cal box inside, when the tune it was playing became
distinctly audible. A great part of the lecture was
occupied in illustratingthe difference between a noise
and a musical note. When the succession of the
waves of sound is irregular and confused, the effect
is to produce a noise such as was made by rattling
together the tools and nails in a tool-box. When,
hoNN ever, the sounds follow each other in a perfectly
regular and rapid succession they produce a musical
cote. Thus the vibrations of a pendulum, if suffi-