The Sun.
London, England, 1865-09-02 00:00:00

TIIE SUN, LONDOIv, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 2, 1865.

Naval and Military Intelligence.

A circular memorandum relative to the spread of
cholera among her Majesty's troops has been issued
for general information by command of his Royal
Highness the Field-Marshal Commander-in-Chief,
and other officers commanding at stations at home
and abroad. The following are extracts from the
official circular which has been received at Chatham
garrison :

" His Royal Highnesss the Field Marshal Commanding-
in-Chief desires to draw the attention of general officers in
command of districts, and commanding officers of corps in
general, to the necessity of examining into the sanitary
state of all barracks and cantonments occupied by troops.
A permanent sanitary committee should be appointed at all
camps and garrisons, consisting of a field officer, or captain
when no field officer is present, an officer of the Royal
Engineer department, if available, or an officer, of the bar-
rack department, and a medical officer,whose duty it should
be to visit periodically all barracks or cantonments at the
station, and satisfy themselves than the barracks aro not
occupied to a greater extent than authorised ; that the bar-
racks are clean, and that all the ordars on the subject of
ventilation are carried out; that the drains, cesspools, &c.,
are in good order, and that no accumulation of filth is
allowed in the barracks or cantonments, and place them
selves in communication with the civil authorities and local
boards of Health,in order that any nuisance that may exist
tending in any manner to prejudice the health of the troops
may be removed. His Royal Highness trusts that the cordial
co-operation of the civil and military authorities in this im-
portant matter may benefit the population of the towns
where troops are quartered. The sanitary committees will
make reports to the general officers commanding the dis-
tricts in which they may be serving upon any subject that
may require their immediate attention. A journal of the
proceedings of each committee will also be kept, which is
to be forwarded monthly for the perusal of the general
officers in command, who will in like manner report to the
Quartermaster-General, for the information of the Field
Marshal Commanding-in-Chief, any circumstances requir-
ing his Royal Highness's immediate attention, and make a
monthly report of the general proceeding of the various
committees under their orders."

The order is signed by Lieut.-General Sir R. Airey,
K.C.8., Quartermaster-General.
The Ist battalion Coldstream Guards, consisting
of 14 officers, 582 non-commissioned officers and
men, 62 women, 77 children, and four horses, com-
manded by Lieut.-Col. Conolly, left the Foot Bar-
racks, Sheet-street, Windsor, shortly befor nine
o'clock yesterday morning, en route for the metro-
polis. The troops marched to the Windsor station
of the London and South-Western Railway, where
a special train of upwards of 20 carriages had been
prepared for their conveyance to London. The spe-
cial, in charge of Mr. Hill, the divisional superin-
tendent of the line, left Windsor at 9.18 a.m., and
arrived at the Victoria Station, Pimlico, at 10.40,
whence the battalion marched to the new Chelsea
barracks. The battalion was relieved at Windsor
by the 2d battalion Grenadier Guards, which, under
the command of Col. Cure, left Aldershot camp at
an early hour yesterday morning, and marched by
way of Bagshot to Windsor, where they took up
the quarters vacated by the Ist battalion Coldstream
Guards.

The chartered troopship Beaumaris Castle, which
has been taken up by the Honourable Council of
India for the conveyance of reinforcements of
cavalry and infantry troops to India, embarked the
following detachments from Government-quay,
Gravesend, yesterday, for conveyance to Kurrachee
—viz., 34 non-commissioned officers and men, 5
women, and 9 children of the 101st Royal Bengal
Fusiliers, from Walmer ; 1 man and 1 woman
of the 21st Hussars, from the cavalry depot, Can-
terbury ; 153 non-commissioned officers and men,
10 women, and 11 children of the 90th (Light In-
fantry) Regiment, from Preston ; 2 men, 2 women,
and 6 children of the 3d battalion Rifle Brigade,
and 1 man of the 51st King's Own Light Infantry,
from Winchester ; 80 non-commissioned officers
and. men, 2 women, and 3 children, of the 42d
Royal Highlanders, and 51 men of all ranks, 8
women, and 12 children of the 79th and 2 children
of the 93d Highlanders, from Stirling Castle ; and
26 men, 10 women, and 13 children of the 95th
Regiment from Fermoy. The embarkation of the
troops was effected under the superintendence of
the officials of the staff from Chatham garrison,
and the Beaumaris Castle will take her departure
from the Thames to-day.
Advices have been received from St. Vincent,
Cape de Verde, of the arrival, on the 9th of Aug.,
of the screw steamer Melbourne, Hugh Wauld,
commander, to coal on her way to Bombay. This
steamer left Dublin with the left wing of the 49th
Regiment, under command of Major Fitzgerald.
The vessel had made a good passage of 12 days,
and all were well on board. There was every pro-
spect of the steamer making a fine run out.

On the 28th inst. a return rifle match came off at
Barton, Moss, near Manchester, between three
officers and nine sergeants, G4th Foot, and one
officer and 11 sergeants of the permanent staff sth
West York Militia ; distances, 200, 400, and 500
yards, 5 shots at each ; Hythe position and targets.
The Militia won by seven points, the sth West
York having scored a total of 418, and the 64th
Regiment a total of 411. On the following day a
cricket match between the same corps, which was
agreed to be decided in one innings, should time
not admit of two, was played on the Broughton
ground, kindly lent for the purpose by the members
of that club to the officers of the 64th Regiment.
The line were again unfortunate, " the old con-
stitutional force" (the Militia) making a score of
103, making their opponents' 74, thus winning by
29. Nothing could exceed the kindly reception
of the sth West York by the 64th, and the hospit-
able manner in which they entertained them during
their stay at Manchester.

The screw steam-sloop Icarus, 11, 580 tons, 150-
horse power, attached to the third-class steam reserve
in the Medway, is being brought forward for com-
mission in the steam basin at Sheerness. This vessel
has been in the shipwrights' hands for several months
past, during which she has been almost rebuilt. She
has had a topgallant forecastle constructed, in ad-
dition to which her upper deck will be strengthened
by means of additional knees and standards, in order
to enable her to carry the heavy 6-ton guns she is
intended to mount.

It was yesterday stated at Woolwich that instruc-
tions have been received in the garrison from the
War Department, announcing the intention of the
Government to limit the term of office of the various
officers superintending the manufacturing branches
of the arsenal to a period of five years, and not to
have it indefinite, as formerly. These regulations
will be put into effect, commencing on the Ist of
July next. Col. Clerk, R.A., superintendent of the
carriage department, will then be superseded by
Col. Shaw, the present assistant and acting super-
intendent, by whose energy and zeal the system of
wooden carriages has been abolished in favour of
wrought-iron for battery guns. Col. Shaw likewise
introduced the method, now under consideration, of
removing the trunnions so as to enable the gunners
to carry out the defences of a garrison from the
battlements without the necessity of having exposed
portholes. Col. Boxer, now superintendent of the
Laboratory, will retain his post for a renewed term
of five years. The superintendents of the Royal
Gun Factories and the other branches have been
recently appointed, and will not be affected by the
new regulations for the present.
A large number of Capt. Rodgers's patent in-
dented small palmed anchors, intended for the ships
of the squadron, have been receivedat Woolwich
within the past few days from the manufacturers at
the North Field Ironworks at Rotherham, in York-
shire. The average weight of the anchors is 70cwt.
each. Thirteen of the number have been proved
under hydraulic pressure, according, to Captain
Rodgers' desire, at 50 per cent. above the Admiralty
test—namely, up to a tensile strain of 80 tons.
After undergoing the severe trial, to which no other
manufacturer or inventor has hitherto consented, it
was announced, upon a close examination and
as
mea-
surement of the parts, that the greatest variation
W
triumphantmerely fivec-eeighths
thofe an inch and no perma-
nent This was
deflection.gallantp r o pronouncedt eain, w a h
om
hasos t
for so many years made the study of anchors the
chief object of his rife. The manufacturers have
likewise their share of credit, as in each of the va-
rious tests not the slightest flaw has been disco-
vered. Four of these anchors are to be supplied to
the Pallas, two as bower anchors and two as sheet
anchors, andthe remainder to the Bellerophon, the
Lord Warden, and the Lord Clyde.
The deaths of the following officers have been.

officially reported at the War-office since the Ist of
August :—Generals : The Right Hon. Sir George
Brown, G.C.8., K.H., Colonel-in-Chief of the
Rifle Brigade, and Colonel of the 32nd Light In-
fantry ; and Sir F. Stovin, G.C.8., K.C.M.G.,
Colonel of the 83rd Regt. ; Major-Gen. T. O'Brien.
Majors: C. A. G. Browne, 4th Queen's Own Hus-
sars; and F. H. De Vere, Royal Engineers (from
the effects of a gunshot wound, received *hile on
parade at Brompton barracks, Chatham). Cap-
tains : B. C. Hitchins, Royal Artillery ; 0. Davies,
Ist Battalion 11th Regiment; C. A. Shoat, 66th
Regiment ; C. Wilkinson, Paymaster, 3d West
India Regiment ; and J. Haviland, Quartermaster,
2d Dragoon Guards. Lieuts.—G. L. Harvey, Ist
battalion 7th Royal Fusiliers ; C. M. Tubbs, 33d
Regiment; R. L. Gwatkin, 94th Regiment ; and
G. W. Reveley, 30th Regiment. Ensign J. C.
Leckie, 95th Regiment. Quartermaster W. Clarke,
Royal Staff Corps. Dep.-Assist.-Commissary.-Gen.
Stanton. Surg.-Major J. W. Mostyn, M.D., 76th
Regiment. Surg. A. G. Montgomery, 4Gth Regi-
ment. Assist.-Surgs. R. C. Crean and J. S. Joyner,
Royal Artillery ; and H. P. Gregory, Staff. Dep.-
Assist-Superintendent of Stores, J. E. Cheetham
(accidentally drowned).

German Report upon the Cattle Murrain.

BREMEN, Aug. 30.

The following report, drawn up by two German
veterinary surgeons, of a recent visit to London to
examine into the cattle murrain, has been furnished
by the agent of the North German Lloyd at Norden-
hamm

" On Wednesday, the 9th inst., we, the under-
signed,were requested to be atNordenhamm, if pos-
sible, the following morning. Upon our arrival we
were asked by the agent of the North German
Lloyd, who had consulted with several of the chief
cattle exporters, to undertake a voyage to London
at once in the steamer Schwan, in the interest of the
cattle export from the Weser. The object of our
mission was, first, to examine as closely as possible
into the epidemic cattle disease raging in and
around London for some time past ; then carefully
to observe the • treatment of cattle upon the
vessel during the voyage, upon arrival, and at
the time of disembarkation ; lastly, to use
every means in our power to prevent obstacles
being:opposed to the continued export of cattle from
these ports to England. Furnished by the agent
of the North German Lloyd with letters of intro-
duction to cattle dealers in London and with the
necessary funds, we left Nordenhamn in the steamer
Schwan, Capt. Christensen, at 4 p.m. on the 10th
inst. The vessel carried 347 head of large cattle, 2
calves, and 260 sheep. Favoured by very fine
weather, we arrived in the Thames at 2 p.m. on the
12th. At the beginning of the voyage the animals
were rather uneasy, trampled a good deal, and caused
considerable motion in the ship; after a time, how-
ever, they became quiet. A sharp, penetrating smell
was easily perceptible in the 'tween decks of the ship,
which was quickly removed, upon a light breeze
springing up, by means of the excellent ventilation
and numerous air-pipes and wind-shafts. The
animals were several times watered, and it was easy
to see how greatly they were refreshed. The hay in
the racks, on the other hand, was hardly touched.
Upon arriving' in the port we were introduced by
the captain to the veterinary surgeons stationed here
to inspect the cattle, and witnessed the rapid disem-
barcation of the cargo, all of which were thoroughly
healthy, not one being condemned. The cattle when
landed were immediately brought to carts standing
in readiness and transported to London, where
they are cleansed, and then driven into the adjacent
fields. Our next object was to study the murrain
prevalent in London as carefully as possible, and
to make ourselves acquainted with all its branches
and details. By the kindness and indefatigable
activity of a firm to whom we were recommended,
we were enabled on Sunday, Monday, and Tuesday
to inspect several animals in various stages of the
disease, and to be present at the dissection of
slaughtered and diseased beasts, and a few which
had died a natural death. We were so fortunate
as to make the acquaintance of Professor Symonds,
who was engaged, with a veterinary surgeon
and two medical men sent over by the French Go-
vernment, in a close examination of diseased beasts
upon the spot of their seizure, and in dissecting those
most violently attacked. After we had been intro-
duced to this gentleman and had: explained the ob-
ject of our mission, he received us with the utmost
readiness, and called our attention to everything of
special importance. The technical explanation of
the various phases of the disease, and the data of
each dissection would be too lengthy. The under-
signed, therefore, content themselves with making a
brief report of the appearance of beasts attacked by
the disease, and of the chief abnormal appearances
visible upon the dissection of such animals. The
diseased cattle inspected by us were English milch
cows and heifers. They appeared either excited with
staring gaze, protruding eyeballs and watery eyes,
or depressed and relaxed, with a dull, dim look, and
a flow of mucus from the eyes, the eyeballs having
rather receded. In all, cold shivering, coldness of
the horns, ears, and extremities were apparent, with
staring coat, trembling of the muscles, and increased
respiration. Foam and viscous mucus membranes
were now pale, now typhoid scarlet, and small sores
were to be seen upon the internal surface of the lips
and on the gums. In more advanced stages of the
disease the dung, at first hardish, betittnes thin and
mixed with gelatine mucus, and partly with blood ;
in some cases large emphysema occurred under-
neath the skin. The duration of the disease is
short, death usually following within 24 hours.
In all the dissections we undertook, we constantly
found the principal appearances of disease in
the internal organs to coincide---i. e., thin, tar-like,
slightly coagulable blood ; typhoid redness and infil-
trations of blood into the third and fourth stomachs,
the thin viscera, and partially the rectum, as well as
the air tubes and larynx ; looseness and increased
size of the intestinal glands, emphysema in the lungs
and ecchymosis in the left ventricle of the heart. In
some cases food was adhering firmly to the sides of
the third stomach, as if incorporated with them.
From all these symptoms in living diseased beasts,
and from the data arrived at by dissection of animals
slaughtered on account of being infected, it is ap-
parent that the murrain raging in and around Lon-
don is a typhoid disease, having very great resem-
blance to the cattle plague (rinderpest) prevalent in
Russia. Attempt to cure the disease is but rarely
possible, on account of its rapid progress. Of two
diseased cows brought to Professor Symonds at the
Veterinary College, one only was alive next day.
The treatment adopted had produced some improve-
ment, and we were promised a report of the issue of
the case. The opinion of the public *ld practical
men is at variance, whether the murrain was intro-
duced from abroad, or has first developed itself in
England. It is, however, generally agreed that the
introduction is more probably from Russia than from
Germany, the former country being already ravaged
by a similar disease in the shape of the rinderpest.
The inspectors of cattle and Professor Symonds do
not say it was impossible that the disease might have
been introduced from Russia, but they are also of
opinion that it may well have arisen in the London
dairies, in some of which great want of cleanli-
ness prevails. Professor Gamgee, on the other
hand, firmly maintains that the disease was im-
ported from abroad. He says in one of the Eng-
lish newspapers--' This disease could no more have
spontaneously developed itself in England than the
mud in London streets can turn into living creatures.'
Although we ourselves did not venture to express
any decided opinion upon the question, we did state
frankly and confidently that this epidemic disease
never could have been introduced from Germany,
and most especially not from Oldenburg and Bremen,
as no malady of the kind has, thank God, occurred
here for many years ; and the Company of the
North German Lloyd has appointed veterinary sur-
geons to be present upon every occasion of em-
barking cattle from this district for England, whose
duty it is to exercise the strictest care that none but
thoroughly healthy cattle are sent on board. It has
very greatly astonished us that the English go so
carelessly to work with this disease, as it is reported
to have already acquired a considerable extent.
We could not at all approve the practice of taking
diseased beasts into the slaughter.houses, to be there
exzw449d and killed, particularly in the neighbour-

hood of the Cattle-market, whence many persons
go direct into the slaughter-houses, and vice versa.
Also the flaying-ground, to which much diseased or
fallen cattle is brought, lies far too close to the
town, especially to the Cattle-market. Measures,
however, are very soon to be taken to remove these
evils. It would be highly desirable, as has already
been proposed by some of the cattle-dealers, if a
separate market were provided for foreign cattle.
Imported beasts then would not come at all in con-
tact with English milch kine, and there would be
some sort of guarantee that imported cattle not
sold at market would remain free from the plague.
After doing all in our power to obtain the object of
our journey, we went back to the port to wait for
the Schwan, having first thoroughly cleansed the
clothes we had worn during our inspection of the
diseased cattle. The Schwan came in shortly after our
arrival and disembarked 256 head of large cattle, 12
calves, and 400 sheep, all in good condition. Mr.
Phillips, the London agent of the North German
Lloyd, was on the spot, together with several re-
porters from newspapers, who wished to see by per-
sonal investigation how and in what condition cattle
are brought from the Weser. We re-embarked on
the Schwan up the 19th. The crew were engaged
during the voyage in carefully cleansing the ship.
The weather was fine, and we arrived safely at Nor-
denhamm upon the 21st.

" G. T. RIPPEN, Veterinary Surgeon at Seefeld.
H. FASTING, Veterinary Surgeon at Schwey."

State of Trade.

MANCHESTER, Sept. I—Themarket has been quiet
to-day, but business has not been inactive on the
whole, and prices have been steadily maintained.
In shipping yarns the market has been very firm to-
day, but the amount of business doing has not been
large, spinners being mostly deeply under contract,
and stocks cleared out. Spinners are now conside-
rably more independent than they were, and the full
prices they now ask have had something to do with
the quietness which has prevailed in the market to-
day. In home trade yarns we have had a quiet,
steady market, and the business done has been at
the full prices of Tuesday. As regards cloth, the
excitement and, to some extent, improvement mani-
fested on Tuesday have rather subsided, and we
have a quieter, though still a steady market, at prices
well maintained. The inquiry to-day has been
pretty general. The business has not been large,
and though we may describe prices as almost un-
changed since Tuesday, the tendency to advance has
to a great extent disappeared. Such demand as we
have experienced has been of a rather general cha-
racter. There are large orders in the market for
execution, and if people could agree about prices a
good deal of business would be done ; but the limits
of buyers are somewhat below the average rates de-
manded by sellers, and the former find a difficulty
in the execution of their orders.

LEEDS, Ist.—The following is the trade report of
the Leeds Chamber of Commerce for the month of
August :—" In the woollen trade there has been a
brisk demand for winter goods, and a large business
has been done in the warehouses. The manufacturers
have been and still continue to be busy. There has
been a good business done for shipping. The cap trade
is good. The current sales of colonial wool in London,
which began on Aug. 17, comprise about 123,000
bales from all the colonies. The striking feature
about them is the comparatively large quantity of
New Zealand, and the smaller proportion of Port
Phillip wools. The attendance of home and foreign
buyers is very large, and the competition generally
good. Prices range on the average, as nearly as
may be, at the highest point of the May-June sales.
The unsettled state of the weather has so far tended
to discourage any speculative purchases. The foreign
buyers are taking a fair proportion. Trade in the
country continues very steady, without any remark-
able briskness. In English long wools a good busi-
ness has been done at hardening prices. The stocks
of the better sorts of flax are low, and a tolerably
brisk demand has caused prices to harden, and in
some cases to advance. In commoner sorts little
has been done, and prices remain without change.
The better classes of tows are also scarcer and
dearer. There has been little inquiry for hemps.
The spinners are all very well employed, and con-
siderable orders have been received for line yarns at
about the same rates as before. Tows, especially
low sorts, are not easy of sale, and prices for them
rather unsteady. Threads are in fair demand. The
makers of iron are generally very busy. The ma-
chine makers continue in full work. The engineer
tool trade is very brisk. The makers of locomotive
and railway plant generally are well supplied with
orders. The cut nail trade is very brisk. There
has been a short supply of rapeseed ; the demand
has been very active, and prices have consequently
advanced considerably. The continental crops are
reported to be short. Oil is dearer, and the in-
quiry good. The value of linseed remains the same
as last month. The demand for linseed oil is good
for the time of the year. Cakes have not been
much wanted, the pastures being now very good.
Olive oil is in fair demand, and prices
are firm. There has been a good demand for all de-
scriptions of leather, and prices are without mate-
rial alteration. Heavy sole leather has continued
dull of sale, but prices are very fairly maintained.
The shoe trade has improved considerably, and a
brisk business has been doing. There has been a
steadier demand for paper, and the makers are fully
employed. The market is well supplied with mate-
rial. There has been a fair supply of beasts, but a
great falling off in sheep, which have consequently
fetched very high prices. Number shown (five mar-
kets)-beasts, 2,591; sheep, 12,400. Although
nearly half the beasts are imported, no trace of the
cattle disease has been detected. The unsettled wea-
ther has caused a rise of ss. per qr. in wheat, at
which rate a moderate business has been done. For
barley there has been a good demand, at about Is.
per qr. advance. Oats and beans are also about ls.
per qr. dearer."
NOTTINGHAM, Ist.—We had a fair attendance at
our Exchange-hall, and the demand for lace yarns
was more active. Higher prices were asked, and
an advance of Id. to 2d. per lb. on Tuesday's rates
was obtained. For hosiery yarns prices also tended
upwards. Spun silks commanded extreme rates. The
demand for brown nets was very slow ; prices for
these goods are very low in comparison with the
value of the raw material.

STEAM SHIPBUILDING ON THE CLYDE.—The Buf-
falo, a sister vessel to the Wolf and the Llama, has
been put on the Irish mail service this week ; she was built
by Messrs. Caird, of Greenock. Messrs. W. Denny and
Brothers, of Dumbarton, have launched a composite screw
of about 1,000 tons, builders' measurement, and to be sup-
plied with engines of 300-horse power nominal. This fine
ship is named the Wisconsin. The blockade-runners
Fanny and Alice, which were recently thoroughly over-
hauled and repaired at Dumbarton, have been put on
between Stmnraer and Ireland. The Mongolia, screw,
built by Messrs. Scott and Co., and engined by the
Greenock Foundry Company for the Peninsular and Orien-
tal Steam Navigation Company, has left the Tail of the
Bank for Southampton. The dimensions of the Mongolia
are :—Length, 330 ft. over all ; breadth, 40ft. 4in. ; depth
of hold, 34ft. She is fitted with oscillating engines of 500-
horse power, steam winches at each hatch on the spar deck,
Downton's patent pumps, &c. She has a ventilating fan,
worked by machinery, for sending a current of air along
the main or troop deck. The Count van den Bosch,
screw, has made a trial run of 150 miles. She accom-
plished the stipulated speed with 350 tons dead weight,
at a consumption of 21lb. of Scotch coal per indicated
horse-power per hour. As the Count van den Bosch
is intended for Indian service, this economy in respect
to coal is a very important consideration. The burden of
the Count van den Bosch is 850 tons, and she is fitted with
a steam windlass, three surface condensers, &c. She is the
property of the Netherlands Steam Navigation Company,
and was built and engined by Messrs. Simons and Co., of
the London Works, Renfrew. Messrs. Hedderwick and Co.,
of Govan, have on hand an iron screw of 600 tons for the
East India trade, and two paddle saloon steamers for the
Saloon Steam-packet Company, London.
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