The Sun.
London, England, 1862-09-05 00:00:00

TiHE SUN, LONDOP, FRIDAY EVENI.%G, SEPTEMBER 5, 1.862.

IHE NAVY.

Vice-Admiral Sir H. W. Bruce, Naval Comman-
der-in-Chief at Portsmouth, returned to that port
last evening, accompanied by his Staff, from his
annual official visit to the Channel Islands, on board
the Fire Queen steam yacht, Muster Commander
Paul.

The paddlewheel steam yacht Osborne, Master
Commander George Bower, accompanied by the
Black Eagle and Vivid, having returned from Ant-
werp in attendance on her Majesty yesterday, were
replenished with fuel at the dockyard in preparation
for immediate special service. According to Ad-
miralty instructions despatched to Master Comman-
der Bower, the Osborne will haul alongside the
Arsenal T pier this morning, and will embark his
Royal Highness the Prince of Wales and suite to-
morrow by the morning's tide, which will be avail-
able at ten o'clock.

Admiralty orders have been received at Chatham
announcing that the school for naval engineers, at
present held on board the Devonshire, 70, will be
broken up and the school discontinued. The stu-
dents, however, are to have the option of attending
the dockyard school in the evening, as at Ports-
mouth and Plymouth.
A naval court-martial assembled on Wednesday
on board the Formidable, 84, Capt. W. G. Luard,
flagship of Vice-Admiral H. Hope Johnstone, Com-
mander-in-Chief at the Nore, for the trial of Private
John Hopkins, Royal Marines, serving on board
the Pembroke, 60, 200-horse power, Capt. Fisher,
on a charge of having wilfully disobeyed the lawful
commands of Lieut. R. Pitman, of the Pembroke,
and of Corporal J. Wells, Royal Marines, his supe-
rior officers, in refusing to go on deck when ordered
—and also for having, on board the Pembroke, on
the 15th of August, assaulted and struck Corporal
John Wells and Private Samuel Hancock, Royal
Marines, they being at the time in the execution of
their office. The Court found the prisoner guilty of
the first charge only so far as related to his disobey-
ing the lawful commands of Corporal J. Wells, and
considered the second charge hilly proved. He was
sentenced to be kept in penal servitude for three
years. _ _

A most unpleasant occurrence took place on Mon-
day, at Wool wich, shortly before her Majesty's em-
barkation, and which has involved the suspension
of two of the superior officers of the dockyard, pend-
ing an official inquiry. On the Saturday previous
to the arrival of the Queen an order was issued by
the Commodore Superintendent, as stated in The
Sun, notifying that from 12 o'clock on Monday
morning no one would be admitted to the yard with
the exceptions named until her Majesty's depar-
ture. The order was sent round to the officers re-
siding in the yard for their information, and was
returned bearing their initials, signifying that they
had perused and made themselves acquainted with
its terms. Soon after 12 o'clock on Monday a gen-
tleman presented himself at the main gate, and de-
sired to pay a visit to Mr. 0. Barrington Piers,
naval storekeeper of the yard, and on his being
denied admittance the demand was taken by a
constable to the storekeeper's house. Mr_ Piers then
proceeded to the gate, and taking his friend's arm,
was met by Mr. Mark, the superintending officer
of the force, who remonstrated with him on his
imprudence in opposing the Commodore's order and
obstructing the police in the execution of their duty.
Mr. Piers replied that he would himself be respon-
sible for the act and its consequences, and passed on
with his friend to his house. The circumstances
were reported to the Commissioners of Police, and
forwarded by them to the Lords of the Admiralty.
Yesterday both officers were suspended from duty,
in order that the affair may be strictly investigated.
A cargo of angle and plate iron, intended for the
steam sloop Enterprise, under construction by Mr.
Reed in Deptford dockyard, was yesterday landed
at Woolwich, to be tested and approved for the ser-
vice.

Commodore Nowry, . commanding the screw
steam corvette Bougainville, and Captain Paque,
commanding the Chasseur, now lying at Blackwell,
in the service of his Imperial Majesty the Empe-
ror of the French, accompanied by the various offi-
cers of the vessels and 67 cadets of the French
navy, were yesterday conducted over the depart-
ments of Woolwich Arsenal, by special orders from
the War Department.
The Imperial Chinese gunboat Amoy, Commander
Arthur Salwey, sailed from Portsmouth yesterday
morning for the Victoria Docks, London.
Her Majesty's iron screw steamship Resistance,
18 guns, 3,710 tons, 600 horse power, Capt. Wm.
S. Chambers, having been inspected by Vice-Ad-
miral W. J. Hope. Johnstone, was taken on trial at
the measured mile off Maplin Sands yesterday.
Capt, T. P. Thompson, commanding her Majesty's
ship Cumberland and the steam reserve at Sheer-
ness, conducted the trial. Mr. Wm. Rumble, in-
spector of machinery afloat, and Mr. S. Townsend,
foreman of engineers at Sheerness Dockyard, had
the superintendence of the engines. Mr. W. B.
Robinson, assistant master shipwright, and staff
were also on board, and Mr. Holiday, who repre-
sented Messrs. John Penn and Sons, makers of the
engine. The day was beautifully fine, with the
wind light from the north-east, and the water
beenooff dteci
dock
in
smooth, every advantage being offered for a fair trial
athtc qualitiesrhivate
hor faarabto,huaetnvessel.months
teThnhssee
sqßianeeesnei
tstltyaaknbecenee
ehomua set
very foul at the bottom, such large quantities of
shellfish and other marine substances having accu-
mulated on it that it was found impossible to pro-
ceed on the trial, the injection pipe was choked with
it,
be h
consequentlyotaia ed t a
owork
sufficientork the
quantity ,of water could
not
Every
adjourned. The
effect. The trial was therefore
effort was made to clear the grating, but without
vessel subsequently left Sheerness at 6 p.m. for
Portsmouth, instructions having been received from
the Admiralty.
In consequence of the increase of work in the
smiths' department at Chatham Dockyard, Admi-
ralty orders were yesterday received for several ad-
ditional hands to be entered in that department of
the yard.
The works connected with the formation of the
artesian well at Sheerness Dockyard have been again
abruptly brought to a stand by an unfortunate acci-
dent. In consequence of the extremely treacherous
nature of the strata of silt and loose gravel which
prevails for some considerable depth at the spot se-
lected for boring, it has been found necessary to
Sink massive cast-iron cylinders, each of 6 feet in
diameter, to a depth of 90 feet, in order to carry the
borings
well into the stiff clay. This operation had
been successfully accomplished, and. the lower cylin-
der forced down about Bft. into the clay, by which
the workmen were enabled to excavate the bottom
for the
purpose of proceeding with the brick stein-
ing to form the sides of the well. During this ope-
ration, however, the sand and silt forced themselves
through the
clay and underneath the bottom cylin-
der, a height of no less than 25h. in the
interioroned t
two ()serious fractures have been discovered
er
nt risingi
of
the
well. In addition to the disaster
m
in two of the cylinders, extending completely round
,both fractures having been caused
laterale pressure forcing the cylin-
ders.
Morrell, vicheavPehelps ; Comman-
der
of the Coast
by
hye tch i
Commander
cum
immensef e ren
of the perpendicueßelauivir:
Butler,
and Commander
were
been appointed
j Inspecting
irGhJ.
e.
C.Hf o.
llßushnellEvened,oc‘voi
nmgmva
appointmentsni
cdveei
Psyche ; C. D. Lind-
say, yester-
day at the Admiralty Petch, master, ad-
ditional,;
A. H. Grant,
the Psyche
the
for
Hawke ; H
Ithe Asia
Indus; J. Adams,
• S. Langton
at
magttacoshn-,
spaayy,mpaasyt paymaster, additional,
,iAtisoi
additional,naa
Severn ; J. F.
assist.-paymaster,
as issttels aaysms
assistant,
ne rt
tt
oo
the
ee
has been
haseseinstannotm, to the Rattlesnake
al cadetship ; John
Moreton, in the Indus, for the Tilbury, Confirmed
naval
; G.

as first-class assist.-engineer; Hy. Rumble, super-
numerary in the Fisgard, confirmed as a first-class
assist-engineer ; John Fawcett, in the Rattlesnake,
confirmed as first-class assist.-engineer; J. Sharp
and Wm. Ball, second-class assist-engineers, to the
Cumberland, as supernumeraries; and R. Roberts,
acting second-class assist-engineer, to the Cumber-
land, as supernumerary.

last week at Carmarthen. The first Corporation
prize of £lO was won by Private G. Philippa.
Private John Jones won the borough members'
prize, value £lO. The colonel's prize of £lO was
taken by Private Smith, who also won the adju-
tant's prize of £5. Lord Dynevor's challenge cup,
to be won two years successively, was taken from
the winner of last year by Private Lockyer. Pri-
vate Richards won the county members' prize of
£lO. Serg. T. Jones (No. 6) won the ladies' first
prize of £lO, after shooting off a tie of four centres
and a bull's-eye, and also won Mr. Parnell's prize
of a £6 6s. cup, after a tie of 17 out of five rounds
at 400 yards. Lord Dynevor's prizes of two cups,
competed for by a file from each of four county com-
panies, were taken by No. 1 company. The town
prize of .£l5, Private Morgan, Haverfordwest, won.
Mr. V. Davis's prize of £lO 10s., was taken by Serg.
Boden, 4th Glamorgan, with 37. The targets were
Wimbledon regulation, five rounds at each range,
and hits and points were counted.

GARIBALDL

(From the Times' arrespondent.)
TURIN, SEPT. 2.

Garibaldi is on the ground, never again to rise.
Whatever events the future may have in store for
Italy, Garibaldi's game is played out. He is old,
prematurely old, broken in health, worn by fits of
excessive activity, still more wasted by long periods
of involuntary repose. The gout tortures and para-
lyses his limbs, sorrow will soon knaw into his very
soul.

The lion is down ; there will be no lack of
ignoble animals eager to administer the last kick.
But Garibaldi belongs to history; justice must be
done to a name which cannot pass away. It is not
enough for his enemies to descant on his lack of
prudence, on his overweening self-conceit, his igno-
rance, his obstinacy, they even impugn his veracity,
his self-denial, his boundless generosity, his consis-
tency, his singleness of mind and purpose. Gari-
baldi, however, may well afford to abide the judg-
ment of public opinion. Had he never spoken or
written, or suffered others to write and speak in
his name, the sentence would be all the more
favourable to him. As it is, if he is brought before
the Senate at Turin, before a council of war, or be-
fore any civil or military court, silence beseems him
as the most efficient defence. Like the great Roman
of old he may ask his judges to follow him to the
temple of the gods. "On such a day I gave Italy
her Southern provinces and achieved her unity ; let
us give thanks to the Almighty !" It would be mere
cavil and chicane to inquire by whom the conquest
of the Two Sicilies and their annexation were
achieved. The initiative of the enterprise belongs
to Garibaldi ; it could belong to him alone.
Whether or not Garibaldi be prosecuted and tried
for high treason, it is not from an official tribunal
that he awaits condemnation or acquittal. The world
will judge him by the light of his own conscience,
by the precedents of his early training, his wild
adventurous life, his teachers, his associates. Gari-
baldi was born a patriot, as every Italian was since
1814. He was a disciple of Young Italy, as all his
countrymen were since the failure of the Carbonari
of 1820. He was a countryman, almost a towns-
man, a friend, a fellow exile of Mazzini, at a time
when Mazzini was all bright with hope and enthu-
siasm, free from the bigotry, the vapid idealism, the
rancorous exclusivism, which estranged his steadiest
friends from him. Garibaldi was a Mazzinian when
all Italians between 20 and 25 years of age were
Mazzinians. As a Mazzinian he left Italy ;he
quitted Europe, he was away for years and years,
seeing none of his countrymen, or only those who
like him took extreme views of their country's ques-
tion, men to whom Europe offered no resting-place,
who out-did Mazzini himself, whom Mazzini him-
self deemed unsafe and untrustworthy instruments.
These men were Garibaldi's companions in the South
American republics. Those Spanish communities
in the New World are without contradiction the
very worst political school on the face of the globe.
The Italians were a superior race among those dege-
nerate creoles. They took a prominent station as
fighting men; as statesmen swayed the councils of
those unruly States, wielded their destinies. Gari-
baldi and his Italian Legion was for a long time the
anchor of hope of Montevideo, the terror of Buenos
Ayres and other uneasy neighbours. But South
America was a bad school for the champion of an
orderly and civilized country. Garibaldi, who
brought with him not one sound idea of political
right from Europe, borrowed his notions of freedom
from those supremely, incorrigibly anarchic States.
Bolivares and Francis were his beau ideals of patri-
otic heroism. His pattern Government was a mili-
tary dictatorship tempered by universal suffrage.
Imbued with these notions, panting for action, and
shrinking from reflection, he returned to Italy on
the first outbreak of 1848. He came to fight under
Charles Albert, but fell into the toils of Mazzini, of
that Mazzini who, safe at Milan, was mining the
ground under the Piedmontese as they grappled
with Austria on the Mincio and the Adige. Charles
Albert was prostrated; he fled to the Ticino, and
Mazzini put forth his famous manifesto : " The war
of the Kings is at an end ; that of the peoples
begins." The author of that emphatic proclama-
tion went off to Lugano, in Switzerland ; but
Garibaldi held his ground in Lombardy, then
took to the water on Lake Maggiore, laid hold of
the Sardinian steamers, put Arona and other towns
on the Piedmontese side under contribution, and to
those who pleaded the armistice then extant be-
tween the belligerents he answered, "La tregua
ha fatta it Re; not non c' entriamo. (" The King
has made the armistice; we will not enter into it.")
With those steamers and that money he effected a
landing at Luino ; he carried on the struggle for a
few days at Varese ; then he had to cross the fron-
tier and seek safety in Switzerland. On the fol-
lowing year he was at Rome, in a Republic after
his own heart, with all the powers concentrated in
the hands of a Triumvirate. However Mazzini
may have governed, there is no doubt but Garibaldi
freight well. Ile humbled the ever-crowing French,
defeated and all but captured King Bomba, and
raised the character of the Italians, who henceforth
were hailed in Europe as men who did fight. Loth
to surrender, unwilling to stoop to compromise,
Garibaldi led as many as had faith in himall across
the Peninsula, baffling both French and Austrian
pursuit—an epic retreat ending in a tragic rata.
strophe—the death of his wife. He then vanished
from the scene of the world; as usual, when no
field for action was open, he sank into silence and
obscurity--a sailor, a farmer, a quiet, unassuming,
inoffensive, self-sufficient man. In 1859 he was
again on Lake Maggiore, at Varese, at Como, on the
Alps, the leader of raw youths against the best
trained soldiers and the most enterprising generals
of the A ustrian, He outstripped the march of the
Franco-Sardinians, determined their movements,
and paved the way for their victories. He then
withdrew to Caprera, abjured republicanism, broke
loose from Mazzini, and swore eternal brotherhood
to Victor Emmanuel. It was no allegiance on his
part as from subject to Sovereign ; it was the go!
C°
will and stanch friendship of a soldier to his woo
rade. Yet, no doubt, the King of Italy blunt
truer partisan, no eater supporter in his
°Gwaribaldi
way than " the hermit of Caprera." ato the
used to say that, " should things
evella bco e
the Pre-
worst, Victor Emmanuel would allviqviould be bail
a
sident of an Italian republic." d'•
for if. Italian patriotism was
Unfortunately, the task of
°mote r of the Italian
not accomplished. The first Pr
P
its limits, and
movement, Napoleon. go and no further."
intimated that '`so or it shall .
still to be rescued from
Rome and Venice wer
Bourbon tyranny still weighed on
foreign bondage ; I3gazzini had full scope for inces-
the Two age. Mazzini
all his endeavours
sant agitation• he strove to
enlist the hero of Varese in his ranks. Garibaldi
was made to plan an expedition across the frontier