The Sun.
London, England, 1853-03-29 00:00:00

ITALY.

The Messaggere of Modena publishes a decree of
the Duke of Modena, dated the 17th, in which,
after alluding to the dangers arising from the reck-
less attempts of secret societies against legitimate
sovereigns, it is enacted that all political offences,
including insults to public functionaries and the
military, wearing revolutionary cockades or other
tokens, seditious songs or cries, dm, are to be sum-
marily judged by military commissions.
The Augsburg Gazette contains a letter from
Rome, which declares that the Pope has pro-
nounced in favour of the journal, the Univers, on
the appeal of M. Veuillot, against the censure
passed on it by the Archbishop of Paris.
A letter from Rome of the 20th says :—" The
Pope opened this morning at St. Peter's the series
of ceremonies of the Holy Week. The congrega-
tion was extraordinarily great, and in it were
several French officers and soldiers."

The Finance Consulta of Rome held its last
sitting on the 18th. It has reduced the deficit of
1,500,000 piastres (1,325,000 f.), by savings amount-
ing to about 720,000 piastres (3,996,000 f.), and has
recommended the government to contract a debt
of 800,000 crowns (4,440,000 f.) It has also au-
thorised it, in case of necessity, to cause one quarter
of the land tax, estimated at 400,000 crowns, to
he paid in advance. " His Holiness," says a letter,
" declares openly that of all the institutions which
the necessity of the times compelled him to try,
the only one which had responded to his ideas and
realised his hopes is the Consulta. The members
of the Consulta are of opinion that when closely
examined into, the financial situation does not
warrant the excessive fears which have been raised
respecting it, and which they for a time entertained.
They are convinced that with order and good man-
agement the ordinary resources will suffice to esta-
blish the equilibrium. The Consulta has com-
plained that the salaries of the functionaries, which
in 1830 were 1,100,000 piastres (6,105,000 f.), rose
to 1,300,000 (7,125,000 f.) in 1846, and at present
amount to 2,100,000 crowns (11,655,000 f.)"
A letter from Rome, in the Parlament° of Turin,
states that, although the Papal Minister of Finance
had fixed the Ist of January, 1851, for the collec-
tion of the new tax on trades and commerce, com-
plaints against it flowed in so numerously, that the
Pope directed a new revision of the tariff, being
the third since the original enactment. The defi-
nitive tariff is now published, and the tax is to be
collected immediately with the arrears from Janu-
ary 1, 1851.

The French court-martial at Rome has just con-
demned a woman, named Santa Manganolli, to five
years' imprisonment in France, for attempting to
kill three French soldiers.

TURKEY.

The Eramburgh News, under date of St. Peters-
burg 14th, says :—Prince Menschikoff, the Ambas-
sador Extraordinary to the Ottoman Porte, is the
bearer of the most precise instructions enjoining
him to insist that the firman published on the sub-
ject of the Holy Places, conformably to the trea-
ties entered into, and the promises made should
be faithfully executed and not eluded, as they have
hitherto been. Russia will, in case of need, support
these demands. Much attention was some time
since excited by the tour of inspection made by the
Emperor, and particularly by that of the fleet at
Sebastopol and the works of the fortifications. This
journey is now explained. The reports of a con-
templated partition of Turkey appear to be void of
foundation in the opinion of those who are ac-
quainted with the policy of Russia. Russia will,
in the first place, know how to prevent such a
partition as well as the union of the small Southern
Sclavonian States into a powerful centralised
Turkish Empire. The political object of Russia is
the gradual development of this group of Sclavonian
States, because, like the petty States of Germany,
they are the most convenient neighbours, and pre-
sent the most apt form for the preservation of the
influence and protectorate of Russia. Up to this
time no one here thinks of any serious complica-
tions. The energetic attitude assumed by Prince
Menschikoff at Constaxtiinople may have no other
object than to see how far he may go as regards
France and England. I can add, from a source
worthy of credit, that Colonel Kowalesky and the
Austrian Ambassador have formally declared to
Omer Pacha, that if he had not evacuated Mon-
tenegro before the 14th, and crossed the frontier,
Austria and Russia would interfere in arms."

The 70,000 Russian troops concentrated in the
vicinity of Moldavia and Walachia had orders to
obey the first call of Prince Menschikoff, in the
event of his mission to Constantinople requiring
such a demonstration.

The Cologne Gazette gives a letter from Berlin,
which states that Prussia has resolved, in case that
the Eastern Question should lead to serious compli-
cations, to remain altogether neutral.

There is a current report that the differences be-
tween Turkey and Russia are to be referred to the
arbitration of King Leopold, of Belgium. A con-
gress of the powers interested is proposed, and
Brussels is named as the place of conference. The
Belgian Ministers have had several meetings on the
subject.

'the A gram Gazette states, from Montenegro,
that on the 28th ult., the Woivode George Petro-
witsch ordered all the troops of Montenegro to re-
turn to their homes, except a few to guard eight
different points of the territory. The losses suf-
fered by the inhabitants of Limniani Montinie,
and: Povie, are to be made good to them. The
orphans of the warriors that have fallen are to be
assisted by the State, and a commandant, named
Pero, of Bielica, is to be tried for having behaved
ill during the battle of Limniani.

SWITZERLAND.
A. Lotter from Berne of the 26th states that the
Canton of Ticino is tranquil, but that as a measure
of precaution the troops at Luvino have been rein-
forced. The Governments of Zurich and the Vaud
have declined to comply with the invitation of the
Council of State of Geneva to convoke the Federal
Diet. They say they have confidence in. the
Federal Council for the termination of all existing
differences.

ACCIDENT ON THE GREAT NORTHERN.—The express
train, due at King's-cross at four p.m., did not arrive
yesterday until a quarter past five, in consequence of a
coal train having run off the rails between Holloway and
Hornsey, thereby stopping all traffic on the up rails.
The express having reached this spot, could, of course,
proceed no further on the proper rails, and after waiting
a considerable time for the four o'clock down train pass-
inv, it was attempted to be moved on to the down line
of rails and so come in, but in the attempt it followed
the example of the coal train, an engine placed behind
and two or three carriages running off the rails, thus
stopping the traffic on the other line of rails, and de-
laying the passengers until a fresh engine and carriages
could be brought from King's-cross. Providentially no
one was injured, though many were very much alarmed.
THE CITY STATUE OF SIR ROBERT PEEL.—A colossal
statue, by Behnes, in bronze, is in course of preparation,
to be erected in the open space fronting the Mansion.
house. The figure stands ten feet ten inches in height.
The deceased statesman is represented in his ordinary
daily costume, and his usual Parliamentary attitude whin
speaking on the floor of the House of Commons.