The Sun.
London, England, 1862-04-14 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, NIONDAT • 'EVENING, APRIL 14, 1862.

4,4
4,Q
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412 0
•

THE SUN-,

LONDON, MONDAY, APRIL 14, 1862.

At last the east winds have permitted us to have I
something from America—it is, however, but three
days later news. Some interesting facts neverthe-
less are mentioned. First of all, the now celebrated
island No. 10 holds out. A balloon reconnaissance
established the fact that the shells had been fired
at it from too prudent a distance—a mistake which
is, of course, remedied. The Confederate steamers
belonging to the defence were, however, endea-
vouring to escape, which looks as if the island were
not likely to hold out long.
The Nashville, of which our Southampton friends
know so much, instead of being burnt, as reported,
at Beaufort, has laughed at the blockade and slipped
past two armed blockading ships in the night by
her superior speed. The belief is that, as she can
do little now by privateering, she is about to turn
herself into money at Nassau, New Providence, in
the Bahamas, and in that form contribute to the
Confederate cause. The New York press are
furious at her escape, and the Secretary of the Navy
is soundly abused for placing only two vessels to
watch her. The Americans cannot f.irget the
burning of the Harvey Birch. It was a wanton
piece of barbarism, yet we are afraid the precedents
of all nations would justify it.
The Monitor and the Merrimac have not yet met
again. Our curiosity is not even now satisfied as
to the nature of the injury sustaiued by the latter.
The accounts received about her are from two
deserters and two " contrabands." Accprding to
them she looked very much used up when she got
back to Norfolk, and had evidently had the worst
; it was admitted that she had found her match
zn the Monitor. The contrabands assert that the
Com-`"ter, BUCHANAN, the lieutenant in command
on the
Sunday, and seven seamen, had died, and
that many, were wounded. The vessel herself was
so much
injured, that she had six feet of water in
her, and the fires
ere extinguished soon after she
got away from th
olvlemtor ; they feared she would
sink before the extra Dumps could be got into her,
and at last she was taken in tow by six- steamers.
Altogether, it seems as if the Monitor's 180 lb shot
had told, and that the injury was not merely that
of crushing in her bows by the impact of her beak
y
She is now thoroughly on the Monitor. repaired,
Jamestown and Yorktown
strengthened, and the
have also been strergth.ened, to accompany her in
anothgr visit to Hann
~r!
_Roads. The " little moni_
tor," Lieut. JEFFRIES commander, stands ontia the
iturids, ‘4itlr slum up. ready at any time for the
i iit Bence, it is quite possible, we may
noon have another story for the House of Commons
to discuss after Easter; the second round of the
Monitor and the Merrimac. At present the Moni-
tor unquestionably has the belt.
We hear nothing further of the movement of the
main body of the army of the Potomac down to
Fort Monroe, there to settle accounts with Norfolk,
0
to march up between tlul James and York Rivers
to Richmond, or both. It -will be remembered that

by the last arrival we learned that Mr. RUSSELL I
himself was hurrying off 4ith the army in this
direction. On the other side of Washington, in
the direction of Harper's Ferry, the Confederates
who had been repulsed by General BANKS beyon%3
Strasbourg were boldly venturing up to the Federal
camp and pitching shells into it ; this was done
by only a small body, but the Federals could not
manage to cut them off. On the Lower Potomac
also, the Confederates were sufficiently active to
prevent their opponents from doing much mischief
by landing. Two boats' crews who landed to seize
some abandoned artillery had to decamp, having
but very partially succeeded. Thus the summary
appears to be, that on the Mississippi at Island No.

10 ; at Strasbourg near Harper's Ferry ; on the
Lower Potomac, and at Norfolk, so far as repair-
ing the Merrimac goes, the Confederates are holding
their own. For how long, we must look to an-
other mail to tell us.

The doings in Congress are not of a very hropeful
character. The Compensation Message of Mr.
LINCOLN, for which we were willing to give him
all the credit we honestly could, still meets with
opposition in the Senate; and the Kentucky Legis-
lature has passed a resolution, by a large majority,
against even entertaining the question of emancipat-
ing the slaves by pecuniary compensation. Neither
do we hear anything whatever of the bill for
abolishing slavery in the little district of Columbia,
where Congress reigns supreme. Free State Ameri-
cans must therefore forgive us in England, if we,
even now, cannot feel that interest in their side
of this fearful quarrel, which we should instantly
do if they showed the least concern for the rights
of the negro. So long as we see only extreme
reluctance to do justice to the slave, and no con-
cern for anything but to restore the territorial
vastness of their loosely-jointed Republic—so long
Englishmen will care little whether the North suc-
ceeds or not. On this side the water, indeed, if
slavery be not abolished, we have a strong suspicion
that it would be better for America herself, and for
the world, that the South should achieve its inde-
pendence. That it would be better for English
commerce we have not a doubt.

On the fundamental question of money, nothing
has yet been done. The Government is still living
on its incontrovertible paper. The tax bill seems to
linger in the House, as if it were never to be passed.
It will when passed, if pass it ever does, make the
tax-collector a universal visitor—the items under
discussion by this last account were " gas, coal, oil,
ground mustard, sugar, gunpowder, printers' ink,"
&c. Coffee and tobacco of course, but also "ready-
made clothing, hats, caps, hoop skirts, &c. three
per cent., and umbrellas and parasols, five per
cent." The latter taxed most heavily, we may sup-
pose, because by preserving the former they lessen
their consumption. The question with a Yankee
in a shower of rain, or of his wife when the sun
would cause colours to fade, would be whether it
was good economy to protect an article taxed only
three per cent., by another which had paid five.
But what a taxed people will the Americans become
whenever the war is over ! Everything eatable,
drinkable, or wearable will be taxed—first, directly;
secondly, by protective duties in favour of native
manufactures ; and thirdly, by those duties being
demanded in specie, when the inconvertible paper
is at a discount, perhaps a heavy one. America
may have vast recuperative energies, but taxation
and proteCtion together must almost paralyse them.

The enormous amount of the subscription raised
so spontaneously and so immediately for the relief
of the sufferers from the accident at Hartley has
hardly occasioned any surprise. During those six
anxious days in which the fate of the miners re-
mained doubtful, the heart of the whole nation
vibrated with one emotion of agonised suspense.
From the highest to the lowest one unanimous sen-
timent pervaded all. Every hand would have been
eagerly proffered to lend its assistance, if possible.
Unhappily we could do nothing. We could
only wait. When the sad result became known,
it appeared only natural that the highly-wrought
sympathies of the community should find a vent in
the only way practicable to them—in the melan-
choly consolation of providing for the widows and
orphans of the doomed men. Hence the £75,000
so plentifully poured forth occasioned, as we ht&ve
said, little surprise. Another practical benefit
should, however, result from the recently excited
popular enthusiasm. As THOMAS HooD, the Poet
of the Poor, so emphatically sung-:

" Evil is wrought
By want of thought,
As well as by want of heart I"

A multitude of evils exist and accumulate from day I
to day only because their very existence is unknown
or unrecognised, until some" great fact," like this
recent calamity, awakens and directs public atten-
tion. We find, for instance, on the authority of
her MAJESTY'S Inspectors of Mines that, in the min-
ing districts, " there are hundreds of isolated acci-
dents which prove fatal every year, against
which no provision is made for the widows and
children, and ten times the
amount of suffer-
ing, for the relief of which , only the scanty
pittance of the parish can be doled out."
In the' ten years following 1851, it appears that
the number of lives lost in working coal gives a
fearful total of 8,436; in the year 1861 alone the
number sacrificed was 1,109. Such an amount is
truly appalling and almost incredible ! Shall we,
then, content with our abundant liberality to-
wards the comparative few who have suffered
at Hartley, fold our hands and leave
this greater and, alas ! this continuous evil
unprovided for ? It is our dutY, and an inevitable
one, to repair, as much as may be, a calamity
already incurred ; but it is a duty as important
and as inevitable to avert, if possible, the recur-
rence of similar and impending afftiotions.
With this praiseworthy object—an object emi-
nently deserving of public sympathy—in view, the
President of the National Association for the
Benefit of British Miners has addressed a letter to
for assistance. He says :--
the public appealing

" The National Association has been formed to ameliorate
the moral and physical condition of the miners. It will
comprise within its responsibilities a consideration of the
appliances of science in relation to its capability to prevent
acc dents in mining operations ; education as a means to
the same end, by encouraging a proper sense of the duties
which attach to persons holding positions of trust, upon
whom are dependent many lives, and by making the great
mass of the mining population aware of the dangers to
which they are exposed, as well as a relief fund, to be raised
by contributions from tho public, from mine owners, and
from the operatives themselves.
It is estiicated that 300,000 of our countrymen are en-
gaged in mining ,qperations in the United Kingdom.
Per annum.
The small subscription of die penny per week
from each would realise • . . • .. £65,000
There are 3,009 collieries in t he United King-
dom; say each colliery owner subscribed
only £lO a year, and we get 30,000
Assuming that the public subscribe annually
only one-tenth of the Hartley Fund, and

7,000

we get •• •• •• ••
Itig, moreover, proposed that schools should
be established, to which many of the miners
would willingly subscribe : we assume one-
fourth only of the whole 75,000, one penny
each per week........

Giving a total of
an amount that it is believed would prove amply sufficient
to provide permanently for every case of accident arising
in mines ; for those incapacitated from working by age or
infirmity ; for the widows and orphans whose husbands
and fathers have p lied in the aline; education fa all)

together with such appliances as science can bring to bear
for the safety and benefit of the mining population."
The various items above calculated on might pro-
bably require mature consideration and possible
revision ; but the association itself is one that emi-
nently deserves support, and it will, we trust, meet
with due encouragement. An isolated act of public
generosity has been nobly carried out. It remains
fol. us to substantiate that generous emotion into
an abiding monument that may attest not the
ebullition of an impulsive sentiment, but the endur-
ance of a Benevolent Principle.

Our Foreign Secretary has not been long in
meeting the complaint of Mr. HENNESSY, one of the
POPE'S junior counsel in the House of Commons—
that it was not usual to quote from despatches not
before the House. Our readers may find time to
glance at them to-day—and they will see what
contemptible tales have have been trumped up to
gull such willing dopes as Messrs. BOWYER, and
the rest of the special pleaders for enslaving
Romans and filling Southern Italy with brigandage.
We might well wish the credulity had stopped with
gentlemen of this class in the House of Commons,
but the credulity of Lord DERBY finds its exposure
also in these papers,—a credulity doubtless arising
less from love to the POPE, than from party spleen,
and from the desire to deliver in time a party
manifesto to the electors of Longford. That purpose
it effectually served—and the electors responded to
the DERBY declaration of sympathy with the POPE'S
brigands (for this was what it all came to) by
sending the hero of Spoleto to the House of Com-
mons, to take his place among the independent
Liberals ; there to vote for the ballot and all the
points of the Liberal creed, but also to vote against
Lord PALMERSTON and the Government, in every-

thing.
In the first of these papers Mr. Consul BONHAM
on the 14th of January reports from Naples on the
excellent crop of the staple agricultural produce of
the country and the general quiet. In the next
he describes, on 10th of February, a public de.
monstration directed against the temporal power
of the POPE. He sends not only his own account,
but an inclosure from a Neapolitan journal, and
the two show pretty plainly, what not only Ro-
mans, but the Neapolitans really think of the
POPE and his Cardinals. Mr. BorarAxt says—
" There can be no doubt the feeling of this people
is daily becoming more and more hostile to the POPE,
whom they are learning to look upon as the chief
opponent of the settlement and tranquillit of the
country. In Sept., 1860, Padre GAVAZZI first
preached in the Palace-square in this city against
the Pope Knio, and his remarks were received
with applause; since that time the feeling then
aroused has continued to gain strength, and the
supporters of the temporal power have greatly
diminished. Nothing could be so detrimental to
the influence of the Papacy, whether in its spi-
ritual or temporal character, as being constantly
quoted and looked upon as the ono principal
obstacle to the prosperity and consolidation of
Italy."

Cardinal ANTONELLI had written, "If the Holy
Father has broken with the Cabinet of Turin, he
finds himself in excellent relations with the Italian
people." To this the response was that, after the
meeting, a protest was signed by thousands, in
which occur the following passages :

"Down with the Pope King I" " Long live Rome, capi-
tal of Italy I" The Italian people, jealous guardians of its
dignity and of its sacred rights, protests strongly against
the words of Cardinal Antonelli, and declares :
I. That the above-named cardinal is guilty of calumny

against the nation.
2. That the Italian people is one with the Government
in wishing all Italy to belong to the Italians, and in over-
throwing the greatest obstacle to our unity—the temporal
power of the Popes.
3. And that it will cease to fight against the Popedom
only when Italy shall be recognised in Rome, its legitimate
capital.

Surely Lord PALMERSTON was warranted in tell-
ing the members for Rome that those were the
worst enemies of her spiritual authority who coun-
selled him to no surrender of his temporal rule.

Next we have the official statement of Sir J.
HUDSON, confirming all we hear from other sources
as to the implication of the POPE and his Govern-
ment with the Brigandage in Southern Italy, and
pointing out that it may compel the Piedmontese
Government to risk measures which might light
the flames of war throughout Europe. Speaking
also of the meeting at Genoa of the delegates of
the "patriotic Italian associations," to which
GARIBALDI sent a kind of proclamation, Sir J.
HUDSON, after mentioning the advantage of open
meetings, as compared with dark conspiracies,
says :

" The danger, then, is not in the meeting, but in
the great political fact of the continued occupation
of Rome by foreign troops, when the necessity for
that occupation has absolutely ceased ; and this
danger will be by so much the more augmented by
the fact that brigandage, which has cost the lives
of many an honest conscript and good soldier, which
has widowed some and beggared others, which is a
heavy pull upon the public purse, and which is the
more detested because it would be suppressed it it
were not covered by the presence of foreigners, and
concocted and carried on by foreigners, and com-
posed mainly of the scum of foreign society, is once
more restored, reorganised, and flourishing in that
very city which the entire Italian nation claims as
their common capital." If there could be any doubt
of the veracity and knowledge of regular newspaper
correspondents, these official statements place beyond
doubt the true character of the brigandage, for
which the POPE and the French are responsible.
A considerable portion of the papers is occupied
with the correspondence relative to the proclama-
tions in which Lord DERBY discovered such an
excellent " mare's nest." It seems the Piedmontese
authorities' sought in vain for Lord DERBY'S Gene-
ral FANTONI. At last they thought of a Major
FANTONI. He had drawn up something like the
proclamation, and had it printed ; but on showing
it to his generol, it was immediately set aside. A
pilfered copy was sent to the Armonia at Turin, so
that the splendid discovery of the ex-Premier was
of a foolish paper, written by a subordinate, refused
by his superior, and stolen for insertion in an Op-
position paper ! It was afterwards found that a
Colonel BRIANZA had suggested the proclamation
to the major—the colonel was requested to resign.

We have next the story of the FIIAIEL procla-
mation. It seems he does not belong to the army,
and had no authority whatever to issue the fierce
proclamation which bears his name! It seems to
have been a device got up to frighten the brigands
—but generally with regard to the treatment of
the brigands by the troops, Mr. BoNHAm remarks :
—Doubtless the utmost exasperation exists on the
part of the troops towards the brigands; it cannot
be otherwise. The latter put to death, with exce-
sive cruelty any one of the troops who has the mis
fortune to fall into their power—cut off the musta-
chios and chin tufts off their victims, and wear them
as ornaments in their hats. Having such trophies
it is not possible to suppose they can expect or re-
ceive quarter when they on their part fall into the
hands of the troops." To these are added detailed
accounts of other cruelties and atrocities. Amongst
other things we have a true account of the inter-
ment of the Arehbishop_of AMALFI/ in regard to'

which such a revolting tale was told in the House -
of Commons. The facts turns out to be that the
whole is as a pure 'fiction, as that PETER was ever
Archbishop of ROME.
Our readers will find much more in these
papers illustrative of the utter unscrupulousness of
Popery and Toryism in libelling the Italian Govern-
ment. But anything more villainous than the
conduct of the Papacy at this moment we can
hardly conceive. It deserves the execrations of
Christendom ; for it first foments the horrors
of brigandage in Southern Italy, and then
holds up its hands to heaven red with
bloody hypocrisy, as if in indignation at the
crimes it has caused. And caused for what—that
the " Vicar of CHRIST" may have a " Kingdom of
this world." One result is, however, likely to be
accomplished—that Italians will soon detest the
spiritual rule of the men who grasp a temporal rule
for such atrocious purposes.

THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION

AND LIFEBOATS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SlR,—Among the many useful and important
things which will be displayed to the world's gaze
in the coming Exhibition, it is with some surprise
and regret that I learn space cannot be granted to
that which so eminently serves the cause of humanity,
and is so characteristic of British philanthropy—
the Lifeboat.

I am told, on authority, that the National Life-
boat Institution applied long since for space; never-
theless, while patient carriages and inventions that
affect our luxuries and comforts will be abundant,
the poor seaman's friend, it seems, must be excluded.
Pray, sir, advocate this cause of humanity. The
lifeboat is ready on her carriage, and only waits the
nod of authority to make her graceful form seen
within the building soon to be opened to the public.
The Commissioners, all know, have had a diffi-
cult task to perform ; but I trust it is not yet too late
for them to reconsider the matter, and admit the
claims of an object not only interesting to those who
reside on our coasts, but to all, and which would
not fail to be attractive to foreigners, and prove to
the world that, while we are strong and prepared to
take lives, if needs be, we are also anxious to save
them. I beg to enclose my card.—l am, Sir, your
obedient servant, A CORNISHMAN.
London, April 12, 1862.

LATEST NEWS.

PARIS, APRIL 14.

The Moniteur of to day states:—

The Japanese Ambassadors were received by his
Majesty yesterday. The chief Ambassador made
a speech, in which he congratulated himself that
the treaty concluded between Japan and France
would develope friendly relations between the two
countries. His Excellency also expressed a desire
that the Embassy should be conducted back to
Japan on board of a French vessel of war,
The Emperor replied :
" I am happy to welcome the representatives of
the Emperor of Japan, and I hope the treaty will
produce fortunate results.
"I have no doubt that your visit to France will
give you a just idea of the greatness of our country.
" The reception which will be accorded to you
and the liberty which you will enjoy will convince
you that hospitality is considered among the fore-
most virtues of a civilised people.
" I will willingly give orders for your return to
Japan on board a vessel of war.
"Together with the remembrance of your voyage
to Europe, you will carry with you the assurances
of my desire to entertain relations of the most
amicable character with the Empire of Japan."

TURIN, APRIL 12.

The Official Go73tle of to-day contains the fol-
lowing circular from Signor Rattazzi to the different
Prefects throughout the Italian kingdom :--

" The policy of the Italian Government is in-
spired by the ideas of national unity and of liberty.
While the work of unification is being accomplished
in Italy, two p 3litical programmes are impossible.
The Ministers who succeed each other can differ
only as to the degree of liberty suitable for the
country. The Government will act With concilia-
tion, but will at the same time energetically suppress
disorder."

Deputy Ballareti has been commissioned to
proceed to Paris for the purpose of entering into
negotiations with the directors of the Society of
Credit Foncier de France for the organisation of a
similar company for Italy.
Father Passaglia has been nominated an officer of
the Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus.

The Italian Chambers have been prorogued to the
end of May.

APRIL 13.

The papers of to-day state that the Corps
Diplomatique has been invited to accompany the
King to Naples. It is believed that all will accept
the invitation.
Garibaldi has left for Brescia.

MADRID, APRIL 12.

It is stated that, provided Spain can obtain the
satisfaction she requires from Mexico in a pacific
manner, she will not interfere with the internal
policy of the country.
The evacuation of Tetuan has commenced.

AMERICA.
LIVERPOOL, APRIL 11.
The Glasgow, which arrived at Queenstown on
Saturday, has reached this port.
She brings 275,000 dols. in specie.

THE lONIAN ISLANDS.

CORFU, APRIL 4.

At 12 o'clock this day the President of the Legis-
lative Assembly, accompanied by a deputation of
the members, appeared at the Palace for the pur-
pose of presenting the address voted by that body,
in reply to the speech of his Excellency the Lord
High Commissioner, delivered to the Legislative
Assembly.
The customary salute was fired from the citadel,
and a guard of honour attended as usual. The de-
putation was received by his Excellency, who stood
in front of the throne, surrounded by his Highness
the President and the Senate, the Major-General
commanding the troops, with his Staff, and many
of the other chief civil, military, and naval autho-
rities of the State.

The Most Illustrious Doctor Elia Zervo Jacobato,
President of the Assembly, advancing to the centre
of the Throne-room, then read the following ad-
dress :

" Excellency,—

" The 12th lonian Assembly having met in its
first regular session, assumes ipso jure the exercise
of its proper duties. It feels the responsibility
which circumstances, at present more than ever,
attach to the exercise of its functions.

" The ills endured by the lonian people augment
daily, and their representatives, searching for the
causes of this state of things, find them in a system
introduced from the beginning by the Protectorate
for the ruin of the independence of the lonian
people, which even European treaties imposed upon
them acknowledged and proclaimed.
" The Protectorate having concentrated in itself
all power, has rendered vain the legitimate action
of national principles.
" Everything that could contribute to the moral
progress of the lonians, to the development and en-
couragement of the resources of the country, has
been neglected. Arbitrariness is become the rule by
which the State is governed. The expression of
opinion has been circumscribed, and even punished;
personal liberty has been outraged, and deplorable
oppression exercised. Public instruction, although
it may for a time have shone forth, as if by accident,
unstable and ill-directed, has fallen into decay.
" Mismanagement and waste of the public re-
venues have contributed to produce the present
deplorable condition of the finances of the State.
This has been aggravated by contributions paid
to the Protecting Power.
" On the other hand, certain liberties, conceded
after many demands, after persecutions of every
kind, and purchased at a high price, were soon art-
fully rendered vain. The constitutional rights of
representation have been violated, the efforts of the
Assembly to repress illegality nullified. Frequent
unconstitutional prorogations and dissolutions,
while on the one hand they paralysed the action of
the representatives of the people on the other con-
centrated all power in the hands of the executive
authority. Finally, the protection due to lonians
abroad has been on some occasions wanting, and on
others changed into oppression, in violation of
lonian law and the decision of lonian authori-
ties. These, and similar acts contrary to justice,
right, and progress, as well as opposed to
the generous sentiments and principles of the Eng-
lish nation, have contributed, Excellency, to bring
before you, the Chamber, and the world the sad
condition of this HelletLic land.

To all this, the lonian element could only
i
oppose, as t still opposes, an indelible consciousness
of its own rights, and the hope of salvation which
it reposes in the Omnipotence of the Most High.
" The Assembly of the 12th Parliament proposes
to fulfil its regular duties, and, as it has already
begun, will examine into the questions referred to
in your Excellency's speech. It intends to take
into its early consideration other questions of real
importance, but a long experience of the past dis-
courages all desire, all effort to do so.
"For these reasons the Assembly must in the
first regular session of the 12th Parliament repeat,
that this People can have no hope of ameliorating
its deplorable condition while divided from the
already liberated section of its nation, from that
centre the absence of which in 1815 gave existence
to the British Protectorate, and towards which, in
whatever condition it may be, it will ever turn its
gaze.

"Excellency, the unchangeable will of the lonian
people in favour of the political reunion of the Seven
Islands with free Greece has been repeatedly and
constantly declared.
" The unanimous declaration of the lonian As-
sembly on the 15th of January, 1859, was officially

transmitted to ber Majesty the Gracious Sovereign
of England, in order that it might be communicated
to the other European Powers.
" Therefore the representatives of the lonian
people will employ all legal means to give effect to
this unchangeable desire of the people in favour of
its national restoration.

" The representatives of this Hellenic people are
convinced that Christian Europe, ceding to the
voice of justice, will make every effort that not only
the Seven Islands, but every Greek land shall ob-
tain its national independence and political reunion.
This alone can remedy the evils with which, in the
presence of the civilised world, this race has been so
long scourged—a race, the first to cultivate Euro-
pean civilisation, and in the progress of which it
again demands to labour.

" By command of the Assembly,
" N. LUSI, Secretary of the Assembly."

The following is the reply of his Excellency the
Lord High Commissioner to the Address of the
Assembly, read by his Excellency himself in Eng
lish, and by Sir Pietro Braila Armedi in Greek :
" Mr. President and Gentlemen,—

" I have heard with satisfaction the assurance
that the Legislative Assembly of the Twelfth Par-
liament proposes to fulfil its regular duties.
" I entirely dissent from the statement you make
as to the condition of the lonian States. At no
period of their history have they been in a more
flourishing condition than they are at present. From
vague assertions appeal must be made to facts. The
population is increasing, the revenue augments—
commerce flourishes—and the actual prosperity of
the islands is everywhere apparent. Among other
social blessings conferred on these States, indivi-
dual and public security is enjoyed in the highest
degree, and political and personal liberty in opinion
speech, and action, is permitted to an extent un-
known in other countries.

" That certain defects exist in the laws and insti-
tutions I am free to admit. That the municipal
revenue is not collected, and what is collected,
wastefully expended, is notorious. That the roads
arc neglected, and the local institutions badly ad.
ministered, is universally recognised. But these
evils cannot be attributed by any impartial per-
son to British protection. They are rather the
consequence of an imperfect and impracticable
Constitution, which the protecting Power has
endeavoured to remedy, but in which endeavour the
Legislative Assembly of the Eleventh Parliament
refused to afford its assistance.
" The cure for these evils is to be found in the cor-
dial and loyal co-operation of all the powers of the
State. A wise and patriotic Legislature could at
any time apply a remedy to them. Your attention
has been called to the defects which exist, and you
have received the assurance that the co-operation of
the Most Illustrious the Senate and myself will be
afforded in giving effect to any practical measures
which you may propose tending to the real welfare
of the people.
" I cannot pass over in silence the allusion in this
address to the question of the Union of these States
to that section of the Greek race which constitutes
the present kingdom of Greece.
"The Legislative Assembly declares that it will
employ all lei al means to give effect to this un-
changeable desire of the people.
"The only legal and constitutional course to
adopt, if indeed such a term can be applied to the
proceeding, would be that of a petition to the Pro-
tecting Sovereign. Such a petition was addressed
by the Legislative Assembly of the 11th Parlia-
ment to her Majesty the Queen, when a solemn and
conclusive answer in the negative was given by her
Majesty.

" To the declaration contained in that answer I
refer you. In accepting the Protectorate of the
lonian States England has undertaken duties and
acquired rights. It only remains for me to intimate
to you that, while she will discharge the first with
scrupulous fidelity she will maintain the last invio-
late.

" It would be well, therefore, for the Legislative
Assembly to apply itself to its true functions of use-
ful legislation, and to abstain from the further agi-
tation of a question which must be looked upon as
having been settled by the sole authority which
is competent to entertain it."