The Sun.
London, England, 1865-07-15 00:00:00

DOGGETT'S COAT AND BADGE,

The following aro the names of the six young watermen
who have obtained a lot to row on Tuesday, Aug. 1, for
the livery and badge presented by Mr. Thomas Doggett,
a famous comedian (deceased), in commemoration of the
accession of the House of Hanover to the throne of Great
Britain :

George S. Baker Mill Stairs.
Charles Lloyd llorselydown.
John W. Wood Mill Stairs.
W. J. Dudloy Lambeth.
Jos. W. Brockwell
Alfred Thos. Ramage Black wall.

The winner, in addition, receives £1 is., the fourth man
£1 lls. 6d., and the fifth and sixth one guinea oaoh, pre-
sented by the Fishmongers' Company. The second and
third receive .£1 17s. 9d. and £2 18s. 9d., the interest on
£260175. 3d. Three per Cent. Reduced, formerly £2OO
South Sea Stock, bequeathed by Sir W. Joliffe.

Vacancies, Promotions, and Appointments
in the Civil Service,

(From the Civil Service Gazette.)
THE ADMIRALTY.—The chief Clerkship is about to be
come vacant by the retirement of Mr. Charles Pennell.

LAW DEPARTMENT.-Mr. H. A. Owen has been appointed
an assistant in tha Record-keeper's Department, Probate
Court, London.

INLAND linvExtis.--Stamp and Tax Branch : The comp-
, trollership of the Legacy and Succession Duty Department
is about to become vacant by the retirement of Mr. Trevor.
The office of Surveyor of Taxes, Salford, has becomo vacant
by the death of Mr. H. Wootton. Mr. G. C. Leslie, assis-
tant surveyor of taxes, Brighton, has been promoted to be
a surveyor of the fifth class, and stationed at High Wy-
combe, in the room of Mr. W. H. Spencer, resigned. Ex-
cise Branch : Mr. H. Kelly Nazer, officer, Limerick, Ist
division, Limerick collection, has been appointed officer of
Middleton division, Cork collection ; Mr. J. Deighton, offi-
cer, Teignmouth division, Plymouth collection, has been
appointed officer of Tetbury division, Gloucester collec-
tion ; Mr. H. Gap, officer, Tetbury division, Gloucester collep
tion, has been appointed officer of Teignmouth division,
Plymouth collection ; Mr. W. F. Baker, officer, Rye ride,
Brighton collection, has been appointed to Port Askaig, Ist
division, Campboltown collection ; Mr. D. Johnson, officer
Blandford, Ist ride, Weymouth collection, has been ap!
pointed officer of Rye ride, Brighton collection.
IRELAND.—The clerkship of the Crown for the county
and city of Kilkenny has become vacant by the death of
Mr. W. M. Keogh.

THE EAST INDIBS.—Mr. H. Read, assistant commissioner
and officiating assistant settlement officer, Bangor, has been
appointed to officiate as deputy commissioner of Dumoh ;
Mr. F. 0. Mayne, commissioner of the Baiswarra division
in oudh, has been transferred to the Fyzabad division ; Mr.
11. S. Reid has been appointed commissioner of the Bais-
warra
division ;' Capt. W. S. Trevor, controller of public
works, Bengal, has been promoted from the second to the
first class.

The following appointments have been made in the.Post-
office Departments :—Mr. E. R. Douglas, inspecting post-
master of the Ist grade, has been appointed to have charge
of the Meerut division. Mr. J. Dillon, inspecting post-
master of the 2d grade, has been appointed to have
charge of the railway line ; Mr. C. E. Miller, inspecting
postmaster of the 3d grade, has been appointed to have
charge of the Rohilound division ; Mr. J. Goss, inspecting
postmaster of the 3d grade, has been appointed to have
charge of the Delhi division ; Mr. C. W. Hutchison has
been appointed superintendent of mail establishments
on the Agra and Indore road ; Mr. C. B. Carr has been
appointed superintendent of mail establishments on the
Nagporo and Mirzapore road; Mr. J. S. Hamilton
has been appointed postmaster of Agra ; Mr. Mac-
kenzie has been appointed postmaster of Lucknow ;
Mrs. C. S. Haygarth has been appointed postmaster
of Allahabad ; Mr. H. Hawkins has been appointed post-
master of Meerut ; Mr. W. Hine has been appointed post-
master of Delhi; Mr. F. J. Jordan has been appointed post-
master at Cawnpore ; Mr. A. Baptist has been appointed
postmaster of Mirzapore ; Mr. C. Corbett has been appointed
postmaster at Nynee Tal ; Mr. T. Murphy has been ap-
pointed postmaster of Landour ; Mr. C. Carnac has been
appointed opium agent at Benares ; and Mr. F. Cockburn
has been appointed civil and session judge of Docca.

STEAM SHIPBUILDING ON THE CLYDE.—The
Japan, a steamer of 600 tons burden, 180 ft. by
26ft. and 15ft., built for the East India trade by Messrs.
Hedderwick and Co., of Govan, has made a trial trip be-
tween the Cloch and Cumbrae Lights. The steamer,
which is fitted with a .pair of direct-acting engines of 85-
horse power, nominal, by Messrs. J. Howden and Co.,
"ran the Lights" in 81 minutes, being at the rate of 1012
knots par hour. The Waverley, built by Messrs. A. and
J. Inglis, for the North British Steam Packet Company,
has also made a trial trip, in which the highest speed at-
tained was 14} knots per hour, reckoned by a patent log.
The Waverley will run between Silloth and Dublin, in
connection with the North British Railway. She is a
vessel of 735 tons, builders' measurement, measures 26ft.
6in. breadth of beam, and 220 ft. length of keel. She has
Commenced working.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

TIMES.—We have been taught to recognise in the
judgment of foreigners a forecast of the judgment
of posterity, andif the doctrine be true the opinions
of the French press on the elections of the United
Kingdom ought to be worthy of attention. We
must find in them what the next generation will
think of the process which we dignify by the de-
scription of an appeal to the sense of the country.
Unfortunately, however, contemporary judgments
are so far like what we may be sure the opinion of
posterity will be that they are divided against one
another. One critic sees in the tumult and discord
about a polling booth nothing but the frantic ges-
ticulations of a drunken and senseless mob ; another
regrets the excitement as the natural expression of a
free
.people interested in the conduct of public affairs;
one is shocked at rough and boisterous demonstra-
tions so unlike the quietness of a well-disciplined
herd dropping their bulletins into a ballot-box under
the guidance of a corps of gendarmes ; another re-
joices at the spectacle of municipalities assembling
at so many local centres under the presidency of
magistrates elected from themselves, without Go-
vernment interference or Government control, and
choosing with an energy warranted by the occasion
representatives who shall speak for them in the great
Council of the nation. The truth pr )bably lies be-
tween these extreme judgments. 'The machinery of
an English election is very imperfect and its cmduet
is very tumultuous ; but amid all the excitement of
hustings and polling booths some regard is paid to
the issues at stake. Could we confine our attention
to great Britain alone, we should claim the most
favourable opinion of foreign critics as the nearest
to the truth. But when we turn to Ireland we are
obliged to confess that there is much to warrant the
severest condemnation that can be launched upon
our institutions. The history of the Belfast elec-
tion is a scandal to the Empire. Magistrates appear
to have forgotten the justice they were sworn to
administer, candidates forgot the courtesy due, to
opponents, the mob seemed never to have heard
that those who differed from them had rights
which were entitled to respect. Bludgeons were
used for arguments, and intimidation for persuasion.
The candidates were the sitting members—Sir Hugh
Cairns and Mr. Getty on the Conservative, and
Lord John Hay (a son of the Marquis of Tweeddale)
on the Liberal side. To the great ability of Sir
Hugh Cairns we bear willing testimony, though we
have to regret that it is so often allied with the
severest spirit of Protestant partisanship. But men
who exhibit some moderation at Westminster fail
to retain it at Belfast. The minds of the populace
were already inflamed by passionate appeals to
their prejudices when the Mayor of Belfast made
such arrangements for the coming election that no
one could be surprised if vehement excitement broke
out into open violence. The Mayor fixed upon the
12th July as the day of nomination. Last year the
Mayor achieved an unenviable distinction by quitting
the town for Harrogate just as the riots had broken
out, but it would seem that this year he determined
to show that he was not afraid of civil war. To
bring two hostile Irish factions face to face on a
great orange anniversary is very like asking them
to fight it out for the benefit of the spectators. It
must, however, be confessed' that, owing to the
excellent management of the police, or of some
zealous Orange coadjutors, it was provided that the
Protestant party should have it their own way. The
police of Belfast are notorious for their Protestant
sympathies, their partisanship has been twice con-
demned by Royal Commissioners, and an act was
passed in the last session providing that they shall
be superseded by the constabulary. The act is not
yet in operation, and the Protestant guardians of
order signalized their last year of office by a very suc-
cessful manoeuvre. The nomination of candidates took
place at the Belfast Courthouse, and hours before the
commencement of business its doors were besieged
by the lowest class of both factions. The mob were
apparently drawn up in hostile array, and when the
orders were given to open the doors and clear the
passage the Orange mob rushed in and filled the
hall, while the Liberals found themselves " left
out in the cold." It is, of course, denied that this
was prearranged, but the movement was so suc-
cessful that when a show of hands was demanded
there was not a Liberal in the body of the hall to
hold up his hand. The Orangemen who did get in
had no sooner entered than they flourished " skull-
crackers," which had been concealed under their
clothes when they were outside the building. They
rushed on with a noise described as resembling the
roaring of a torrent at the opening of a flood-gate.
Under the direction of leaders stationed on the
platform the door was guarded, and a mass of yell-
ing ruffians, brandishing bludgeons, beating the
Kentish fire hooting and menacing the Liberal can-
didate and his friends on the platform, remained in
possession of the hall. This was the audience before
which Sir Hugh Cairns managed to make one of his
most effective speeches. He and his friends were
greeted with deafening cheers and the waving of
Orange handkerchiefs ; and when the tumult of
delight with which Sir Hugh was received had sub-
sided he denounced with uncommon force and
ability, to ears greedy of hate, the wrongdoings of
the. Administration. It is needless to say that Lord
John Hay met with a very different reception. His
mover and seconder could not be heard even by the
reporters, and when Lord John himself arose he
was met with groans, hisses, whistling, hooting,
stamping, and yelling, which listed uninterruptedly
for half an hour. At the end of that:time the mob
had become so fatigued that the reporters could
catch a few words, but there was still enough energy
left them to prevent any others of the audience
from hearing a syllable. Sir Hugh Cairns himself
attempted to get a hearing for his antagonist ; but
by this time the mob were beyond his control, and
treated his interference as if they disbelieved in the
sincerity of his efforts to obtain quietness. The crowd
were, in fact, frantic, and it was the belief of by-
standers that had an unhappy Liberal, Presbyterian
or Catholic, fallen into their hands he would have
been torn to pieces by them. In the area of the
Court-house they were beyond the reach of authority.
The presence of a large number of constabulary
and an effective military force in the town happily
prevented the renewal next day of the war which
raged in Belfast last year, and saved lives from
being sacrificed at the hustings, as ruthlessly as in
the autumn of 1864. If the spectacle of the infu-
riated mobs of Belfast makes us confess the justice
of some of the strictures of foreign critics upon our
electoral machinery, it may also serve to mitigate
the condemnation so often passed upon English mis-
government as the cause of Irish misery. What
injustice of English rule is it that makes Irishmen
hate Irishmen with a hatred rarely seen among men
alien in speech and race from each other ? Can it
be laid to our door that the inhabitants of the most

thriving town OFlrelQ—caniiOcassemble together
to elect representatives of themselves in the United
Parliament without breaking out into war and
tumult ? Is the Imperial Government to be blamed
because the sentiment of justice is forgotten by those
who should administer justice ? Is it our sin that
magistrates should cease to be a terror to evildoers ?
We may Appeal to the candid judgment of every
impartial thinker for an answer to these questions.
The Parliament of the United Kingdom is animated
with a sincere desire to do justice to all classes of

.• _
citizens, but its efforts are thwarted by the miscon-
duct of Irishmen themselves. Those who are deputed
to keep order cannot be trusted to discharge their
functions. Nothing is left to us but the hope that
we may at last excite a desire of justice and order
even among Irishmen. But may we appeal to Orange
and Catholic leaders to assist in the attempt ? Does
Sir Hugh Cairns feel no shame when he reflects on
the violence and lawlessness of his supporters ? He
has energy and vigour ; can he address no remon-
strance to those nearest him, which shall descend to
those next below them, and thus operate upon the
whole community so as to prevent a repetition of the
scenes of Wednesday and Thursday ? If he would
do so, he would earn a higher reputation than can
be acquired by the most vehement denunciation
of political opponents, and attain a position which
nothing but his own consent to walk with the
Orangemen of Belfast prevents his occupying.
POST.—The speech delivered by Mr. Disraeli on
the hustings at Aylesbury betrays a perfect con-
sciousness of the up-hill nature of the task which
that right hon. gentleman, as the leader of the ,
Opposition in the House of Commons, was com-
pelled to undertake. There is nothing so success-
ful as success, and against an admitted and unques-
tioned success on the part of his political opponents
Mr. Disraeli was forced to contend. Without the
slightest approach to a party cry, without the least
pretence for calling on the country to withhold its
support from the present Administration, the Oppo-
sition chief was nevertheless ex officio obliged to
cavil at the policy of the Government, and to draw
on his imagination for those wondrously beneficial
measures which would have been adopted_ had he
an

__id his friend; occupied the Treasury benches. The
English are, however, a practical people, and in-
finitely prefer dealing with substantial facts to
endeavouring to discern either visions " looming in
the future," or unreal phantoms of what under pecu-
liar circumstances might have existed in the past.
We know what a Liberal Government have done
for us during the past six years, but it is impossible
to say what we should have received at the hands
of a Conservative Administration. It would be
most unfair and unreasonable to Contend that had
Lord Derby been Prime Minister the country Would
have been plunged in war, or that taxation would
have increased or remained stationary ; or that
trade would have been stagnant, and the tide of
prosperity which, thanks to 2rovidence, has over-
spread the country, would have been arrested. No
one could venture to make such assertions, because
it is evidently impossible to argue from the un-

known. But, on the other hand, neither is it
possible to allege that if the Conservatives had
been in power the condition of the country, both
at home and abroad, would have been as flourish-
ing as it now is, or that the finances of
the kingdom would be as healthy as they now
are. It is at all times idle to speculate on .what
might have been ; and in the government of a
State it is especially necessary to avoid straying
into the realms of speculative inquiry. In domestic
life a master does not discharge a servant who per-
forms his duty in a satisfactory manner for the sake
of giving employment to some one else who would
probably do the same work equally well • and there-
fore, even assuming that the Conservatives leaders
might have steered the vessel of the State with per-
fect success through the several perils with which it
has lately been environed, that affords no ground
for dispensing with the services of a crew whose
efficiency has been demonstrated beyond the pos-
sibility of doubt. Having filled the office of Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer, Mr. Disraeli very naturally
devoted the greater part of his address to the con-
sideration of the financial policy of Mr. Gladstone.
Finding himself unable to deny its success, he
adopted it as his own, and roundly charged the pre-
sent Government with having borrowed its main.
features at his own suggestion. The paper duties
were repealed in 1861, but was it not Mr. Disraeli
who at an antecedent period obtained from the
House of Commons an abstract resolution that their
abolition was demanded ? The tea duties and the
income-tax have been largely remitted by the pre-
sent Government, but was it not the member for
Buckinghamshire who, as far back as 1852, first
endeavoured to diminish the impost on what had
become a necessary of life, and did not he, when in
office, reduce the income-tax to fivepence in the
pound, which Mr. Gladstone subsequently found it
necessary to raise to ninepence ? Again the Liberal
party have most unjustly taken credit to themselves
for having concluded the commercial treaties with
several continental States, and thereby prompted a
free-trade policy ; whereas, as all the world knows,
it was Mr. Disraeli who, in 1843, brought the sub-
ject of treaties of commerce under the notice of the
House of Commons, and pointed out to Parliament
the inestimable advantages likely to accrue from
concluding a commeocial treaty with France. Now,
to these statements of Mr. Disraeli all we can say
is that, assuming them to be perfectly accurate,they
only prove that he and his friends, with the best
of intentions unfortunately, from some cause
.or
other, fail to carry their designs into effect. We
may give Mr. Disraeli credit for having obtained an.
abstract resolution from the House of Commons in.
favour of the abolition of the paper duty, but we
cannot forget that when the present Chancellor of
the Exchequer proposed to Parliament to redeem
the pledge which it had given, it was the Conserva-
tive leader and his supporters who endeavoured to
induce the House of Commons to stultify itself by
postponing the remission of the paper dutiei to the
reduction of those on tea. When, on two subse-
quent occasions, the Government proposed to remit
a portion of the tax on tea, the Conservatives were
compelled to acquiesce in the suggestion of the
Ministry ; but it is now universally conceded that
the relaive order of time in which the imposts on
the two commodities were removed was the best that
could have been selected. Whatever credit may be
claimed by the member for Buckinghamshire for
his advocacy of commercial treaties, he is unjust to
the Freetraders of this country in saying that their
opposition contributed to prevent his schemes be-
ing carried into effect. In 1843 the Corn Laws were
unrepealed, and until the Conservative party had
assented to the adoption of a free-trade policy in
this country, it was useless to think of forcing it on
the acceptance of foreign States. Mr. Disraeli may
have meant well, but in weighing the merits of dif-
ferent statesmen it is natural that deeds should count
for more than intentions. The course which the
elections have hitherto taken must satisfy Mr. Dis-
raeli how useless it is to seek to persuade the Eng-
lish people to exchange a present gain for a pros-
pective advantage. In the boroughs, where espe-
cially the Conservatives reckoned on increasing the
number of their champions, the Liberals have already
gained at least ten seats, and in the counties the
worst that can befall the Government is to fail in
ousting their opponents. For reasons, however, to
which we have already made allusion, there is evrry
reason to believe that at the close of the present
elections it will be seen that the tendency to Liberal
opinions, which has been so strongly marked in the
towns, will equally be manifested in the rural dis-
tricts. In Liverpool the Government have lost a
seat, Mr. Ewart having been displaced by Mr.
Graves ; and regard being had to the nature of the
constituency, the victory will justly be regarded as
the most important as yet gained by the Conserva-
tive party.

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