The Sun.
London, England, 1862-04-08 00:00:00

RUSSIA AND POLAND.

The Official Gazette of Warsaw of the 2d inst.
publishes the following :
Written at the Citadel of Warsaw, by a Com-
mission of Inquiry, March 28, 1862.

By virtue of a decree of the Governor-General,
issued in pursuance of an order from the Aide-de-
Camp Gen. Vamiestnik, to-day; Prince Bebutow,
together with the delegates named by that order,
Charles Minter, proprietor of the house, No. 1,337;
Dr. Tytus, professor of the Academy of Medici/4e ;
and Alex. Preps, Chief Director of the Society of
Land Credit, proceeded to the above-mentioned
place in order to verify the report which was circu-
lated in the city that Alex. Zamoyski, confined in
the citadel, and accused of having
Director Preps,
printed and cir-
culated a revolutionary address to the Archbishop
y His
s Credit,
identity gYelinski, had been, during an examination for the
purpose of eausinpglacheimwhteorerehveewalasheisonfined accomplices,before
beaten with so much inhumanity that pieces of flesh
had fallen from his body. Accordingly, Alex. Za-
mmoYneskdif
questionbt heeen pabovero
vwedhi
by
which
wtmentionedhaos pc uht delegates.ietafos hnoimt
by the delegates, if
arrest not only had
niiiiashment, but not even
raormehtehv
the place
of the Society
to the
he had been severely beaten, he replied, and affirmed
hb6owsaid instantly he would
idueed to make this
Prince Bebutow
iaht
ehubapneoedno
hhf
ari
dso
ohboferneoonmur
e,
placedot
rhp aot r since
tuponl
r.o
him,
avowalhaving asked him hifmearif,
u
words ; but the
delegates,
s to
the matter, agreed
that this was unnecessary, and t
who prove
had the
on truth
doubt of
o his
n
that the falsity of the
:---
reports had been sufficiently proved. Thereupon the
proces verbal was closed, read over, accepted, and
signed in the following order
DR. CHATEMINSRI,
CH. MINTER,
AL. PREYss,
• PRIN c.v.: BEBTJTOW.

being
FATAL ACCIDENT AT THE EXIIIBITION BUILD-
ING.—On Saturday an inquest was held at St. George's
Hospital on the body of James Hollyer, aged twenty-two,
faalllainboguroeurt employed
apleohyaiedr thewathileei
g dra Exhibition who was killed by
up to the top of the
dome to remove some of the materials.
Verdict, " Acci-
dental death."

THE INCUBATION OF THE PYTIION.—AII hopes
of the hatching are now at an end ;
eggs wer© removed
on Friday morning. There is no doubt that the frequent
removals of the blanket in uncovering the eggs,
occasional partial uncoilings of the snake, caused too nume-
rous sudden changes of temperature for the proper develop-
ment of the young, which originally, we know from Mr.
Bartlett's dissection, were in them, and the

British, Quarterly Review.
One of the most interesting articles in the present
number is that on " Social Life in Medkeval Eng-
land," a review, in fact, of Mr. Wright's recent work
on" England during the Middle Ages." In it the
writer traces the progress of manners during the
" good old mediaeval times," and gives us no rer son
to regret that our lot has been cast in the 19th cen-
tury. " Theold times," says the writer, "as we mll
them, were in reality the young times. That which
we call the wisdom of our ancestors, woe the inex-
perience of our ancestors working out experiments
in the dark." Still he pays a deserved tribute to
the solidity of the Anglo-Saxon character. It must
have contained, he says, "An element of power
rarely foand in primitive races. Almost all other
early races have died out, and left few or no traces
behind. The Anglo-Saxons lie at the very founda-
tions of our language and our institutions." So far
we have cause to be grateful to our ancestors and
accept the substantial benefits they h. eve trans-
mitted to us as a set off to the laxity of their
morals and the roughness of their manners.. Mar-
riage, it seems, in the primitive Anglo Saxon
times, that is before the introduction of Christi-
anity, was a very slippery ceremony ; the only
stipulations, or conditions, connected with it that
had any binding force, related to such chattels,
money, or other property as might be involved in
the arrangement." Whilst in Ireland the lady was
usually taken for a year's trial ; then, if she did not
suit, was restored to her family, her reputation
being considered none the worse for wear.
The Normans, on their arrival, looked after the
comforts of their own indoor life. They introduced
improvements in Saxon domestic architecture, and
indulged in greater privacy. "Dinner was a pub-
lic ceremony down to the close of the Anglo-Saxon
rule. Banquets were invariably conducted in the
one large, open, indiscriminate apartment. But
the Normans knew the pleasure of a little OM-
sionel retirement, and of small entertainments,
where they could enjoy themselves without being
gazed at like wild beasts is a cage at feeding time."
And they accordingly built a banquet-room over
the hall, where they could dine at their ease. Even
in those days there was a code of etiquette. " You
were forbidden to pick your teeth with your knife,
or to offer the remains of your dish to another per-
son, or to dip your meat in the salt-cellar, or to
return food from your mouth to your plate ;" whilst
nine in the morning was the usual hour of dinner,
five in the evening that of supper, and all proper
people went to bed at nine. Of the morality of
the Normans the writer speaks anything but fa-
vourably. The ladies " were as passionate, self-
willed, and imperious as the heroes who wooed
them with devotional homage before marriage and
beat them afterwards. Their gentle blood was as
incapable of submitting to restraints in the pur-
suit of pleasure, as if it coursed in the veins of the
coarser sex, whose license they constantly usurped.
They not only laid aside that reserve which is
almost a constitutional attribute of woman, but
they took the initiative in those advances which,
all the world over, are assigned to the province of
men." The writer then touches on those curious
continental tribunals, the courts of love, which
never became naturalised in England, and ends
with a tribute of praise to Mr. Wright's industry
and research. " Phases of London Life," also a
popular subject and well handled, contains some
curious anecdotes and statistics of mendicancy.
Thenrticles connected with Theology are styled
" The Act of Uniformity," and " Aids to Faith."
That on " Congregational Psalmody " discusses the
various phases of this branch of musical art, from
the time of the Early Christians to the present day.
The writer of "The Recent Revolution in the
Papal States," warm in the Italian !cause, tells us
that " if the solution of the Roman question be
long deferred, the people of Italy will take it in
hand themselves, and compel the Emperor to with-
draw his troops from Rome ;" and the subjects of
the remaining articles are " The West Indies,"
" Lives of the Engineers," and "Life of the Right
Hon. Wm. Pitt.'

Bentley's Miscellany.
Mr. Harrison Ainsworth's " Lord Mayor of
London" is progressing with spirit ; the after dinner
conversation is given in this number; Mr. Pitt's
triumph over his political opponents is described ;
Mr. Candish is once more caught, persists in deny-
ing that he is the Lord Mayor's brother, and is
brought before the king ; whilst Alice Wentworth
mysteriously disappears from the ball. "Travels
in Equador" is a review of a sf ork on that country
by M. Holinski, of which leprosy is one of the
scourges. " The disease, too, attacks all classes :
the Marquis Larria, one of the richest men in Equa-
dor, was rendered a frightful object by it. Not
wishing to lose the pleasure of society, he had a
glass cage made in his saloon, which, while conceal-
ing him from his guests, enabled him to take part
in their conversation. It seems as if the leprosy in
South America is something fearful; not only do
the features lose all human aspect, but the noses
and lips are destroyed. In some cases hands and
feet drop off without any sensible pain, but through
a slow and regular ulceration." Under the head of
"Recreations in Switzerland," we have an account
of the ascent of Mont Combin from St. Pierre.
" Table Talk," by Monkshood, is, as usual, gossip-
ping and amusing. Ouida flings his French phrases
about gaily as ever; his tale, this time, is styled
" The Beauty of Vicq D'Azir," a lady who was
wrongly thought to be "not a proper person."
Dudley Costello's tale, " Crooked Usage," has
reached its 49th chapter, and an article called
" Slavery in America," reviews Xavier Eyma's
work " Les Peaux Noires."

Colburn's New Monthly Magazine.
An elaborate description of" The Lake Districts
of Canada" challenges attention at the beginning of
the present number. It is carefully compiled, and
those who are interested in that colony will find it
worth perusal. Nothing is more remarkable, in
some of the' newly settled parts of the American
continent, than the enormous rise in the value of
land. Look at Chicago, for example, in which " a
corner lot, in one of tho principal thoroughfares, on
which stood a chemist's shop, was sold during Mr.
Hancock's residence in the city for sixty four
thousand dollars, or £12,800, the same lot having
been bought twenty years previously for a sum
about equal to the cost of one of the shop-windows
—namely £20." The subject chosen by " Sir
Nathanial" for his biographical sketch this month
is the Swedish hero or madman Charles the Twelfth,
on whom Johnson waxed eloquent in "The vanity of
human wishes," and whose flight after the disastrous
day of Pultowa served Byron as an introduction to
"Mazeppa," and who met his death, Carlyle tells us,
by "assassination instigated by the Swedish official
persons it is thought." The bullet passed through
both his temples, he had clapped his hand upon the
hilt of his sword, and was found leaning against the
parapet in that attitude—gone upon a long march
now." In "The Heart via the Head" we have an
essay upon preaching. " A Federal Foray," based
on the present American struggle, shows how a
Captain Weston lost his lady-love through sacking
the house in which she lived, and the tales of the
" Shadow of Ashlydyat" and " Granville de Vigne"
will gratify the lovers of fiction.