The Sun.
London, England, 1865-01-11 00:00:00

Subvention and annuities to the

railway companies ...
Guarantee of interest to the
company ... 31,000,000
Railway works executed by the
State ... 5,400,000
Works for bridges and road ... 38,800,000

22,200,000

For the Ministry of Marine destined for the
continuation of the works for the transfor-
mation of the fleet ... ... 12,500,000
All the other Ministries and •the Govern-
ment of Algeria obtain credits at least equal
to those which were accorded them last
year; these credits amount together to
about ... 34,000,000

"FLOATING DEBT.

"It remains for me to make known to your Majesty the
state of the Floating Debt.
"As I said at the beginning, the total of our deficits to
the end of the Budget of 1863 amounts to 660,000,000. The
floating debt will be momentarily larger than this sum.
The differences arises:-
1. From the balance of ... 15,000,000

(which we have to receive on the loan).
2. From the delay in the levy of the duties
on sugar, to the amount of ... 50,000,000
3. From the non-realization of the Mexican
Bonds, for „,. ... 54,000,000
4. From the advances made by the Treasury,

in virtue of divers laws for the Greek Loan,
the loans to industry, steamboat companies,
&c. These advances exceed the disposable

funds of the securities by about ...

... 30,000,000

" There must be added to these causes of the increase of
the floating debt the necessity in which we are placed of
keeping up cash in hand for several points—in Mexico,
Cochin-Ching, the colonies, Algeria, and Rome.
" The amount of the floating debt on Jan. 1, 1864, was
936,000,000 ; on Jan. 1 of this year it was only 808,000,000,
of which 721,000,000 bore interest.
" The cash in hand of the Treasury, which was 39,000,000
at the commencement of last year, amounts to 107,000,000
on Jan. 1, 1865.
"The Treasury Bonds on the Ist Jan., 1864, reached
the figure of 307,000,000 ; they had decreased this year to
208,000,000.

" The law of June 8, 1864, limited, from Ist December
last, the issue of these bonds to 200,000,000, exclusive of
the 40,000,000 authorised for loans to industry. By the end
of October the Treasury had returned within this limit.
" Notwithstanding the exceptional rise in the rates of in-
terest, it has been possible to maintain since the month of
April last the rate of the Bonds at 4 per cent. for those fall-
ing due in from three to five months, and at 4-} per cent.
for those falling due in from six months to one year.
" I do not render an account here to your Majesty of
some administrative measures adopted during the course of
the year in several financial departments. These details
will be found- in the statements of the situation of the
Empire. I will confine myself to recalling to the Emperor
that he was good enough to authorise me to present the
draught of a law relative to the amendment of the renter
belonging to the Sinking Fund. This measure, justified
by several precedents, will free the Budget from a sum of
more than 67,000,000, which, borne at the -same time as
revenue and expenditure, fictitiously increased the amount
of the Budget.
" This statement may be summarised thus :
" The year
_1863 will leave a deficit less by 15,000,000
than had been anticipated ; the Budget of the year 1864 will
probably balance itself ; in 1865 our military expenditure
will be reduced—for the Army, by 21,000,000; for the
Navy, by 28,000,000 ; together 44,000,000—and lastly, we
shall carry forward to the Budget of 1866 the sum of
18,000,000 arising from the surplus or the resources of 1865.
This sum may be notably increased at an early future, if,
as is permitted to hope, the extraordinary expenses for the
Army and Navy, which still figure in the Anticipatory
Budget for 1865 to the amount of 65,000,000, shall succes-
sively decrease, and at least disappear. There will then be
considerable resources, the employment of which will be
ulteriorly determined.
" The situation, generally speaking, presents a favour-
able aspect. The monetary embarrassments have disap-
peared, a recovery of bnsiness seems near, and our revenues
cannot fail to increase with the activity of commerce and
industry.
" These happy results are due to the confidence inspired
by the Government of the Emperor and to the pacific senti-
ments with which Europe knows your Majesty is animated.
" I am, with respect, Sire, your Majesty's most humble
and most devoted servant, " ACHILLE FOULD.
" Paris, Jan. 9."

A Canadian Judge on the Confederate

Raiders,

The winter assizes at Toronto opened on the
22d December. Mr. Justice Morrison, in his charge
to the grand jury, said—
I regret to find that, notwithstanding the severe punish-
ment which in several instances has been inflicted upon ,
persons convicted of breaches of the Foreign Enlistment
Act, there are some cases for trial at these assizes. I fear
that the high bounties which are paid upon enlistment in
the forces of the United States tempt evil-disposed persons,
from mercenary motives, to solicit and persuade men to en-
list, holding out the assurance to their dupes, and engaging
that they will take steps, after the receipt of the bounty,
to secure with safety their desertion, thus committing a
breach of our laws, perjury, and defrauding the American
Government. Such has been the character of the cases
that have come under my notice. As to the law itself, it is
so comprehensive in its terms that it is almost impossible
to evade it. Any retaining, engaging, or procuring, or
attempt to engage, hire, or procure any person to. enlist,
or be employed in theland or sea service of a foreign State,
is within its provision. The consideration of this offence
leads me to make a few :remarks upon another breach of
international law which, with the events that are passing
around us at the present time, excites much anxiety and
interest in the minds of our people. We are all aware
that the unhappy civil war which exists in the United
States has caused many persons to seek a refuge within our -
boundaries, either as escaped prisoners of war, or enemies
of the United States,or being disaffected against its Govern-
ment. So long as these persons remain here peaceable re-
sidents of the province, obeying and respecting our laws,
and abstaining from attempts dangerous to the peace Of the
country, so long are they entitled to an asylum and protec-
tion ; but should they abuse the asylum and hospitality
afforded them, either by plotting within our borders enter-
prises against the persons and property of the people of the
United States or its Government, or associating themselves
with a view to hostile incursions from our province into
the United States, or acting in conjunction with enemies
or disaffected persons of that nation msiding or being with-
in its territory, for the purpose of committing depredations
or hostile acts therein, they forfeit all right to protection.
The Queen, by herroyal protection, has commanded all her
subjects to maintain a strict neutrality in the contest be-
tween the contending parties ; and by the same proclama-
tion she has warned all other parties entitled to her protec-
tion who shall presume, in contempt of her commands, to
misconduct themselves, that they do so at their peril,
and that they will in no wise obtain any protec-
tion against any liabilities or penal consequences. The
circumstance that this portion of her Majesty's dominions
lies conterminous with those of the United States ren-
ders it still more incumbent upon our people to abstain
from all acts in the least degree inconsistent with neutrality,
or the law of nations, or our duty as a neighbouring nation
to the United States. It is our further duty to discourage
and to prevent, by every means within our power, every
attempt at a violation of neutrality, by the conversion of
any part of our soil or territory into a rendezvous where
raids may be securely concocted against a friendly nation,
and from whence persons engaged in such criminal enter-
prises may emerge, and to which they;may return for protec-
tion. Such being the duty of our own people, how much
more is it the imperative duty of refugees and others who
seek an asylum in our country to conform themselves strictly
to our laws, and obey the commands of our Sovereign.
We have every reason to believe that the good sense of our
people—that the respect which they have for the laws, and
regard for the honour, reputation, and peace of the country,
will prevent the commission of any act tending to make us
obnoxious to the charge of disregarding the proclamation
of her Majesty, or the stain of violating faith towards the
United States, a nation with whose prosperity our own is
so intimately blended, and with whom it is our interest to
cultivate the most friendly relations. It has unfortunately
happened that near to our eastern and western frontier out-
rages have taken place alleged to have been planned and
committed by persons under our protection. Several of
the persons engaged have been arrested upon the requisi-
tion of the authorities of the United States, under the Ash-:
burton treaty and the laws of our province, with a view to
their extradition, being charged with the commission of
• crimes within that treaty. The case of one of those pri-
soners is still pending before the Recorder of the city. The
others were recently discharged from custody, under cir-
cumstances and in a manner, to say the least, very extra-
, ordinary and most precipitate, and which have given rise
tto very painful and grave observations. Since
t then, however, fresh warrants have been issued
for the re-arrest of the parties, and rewards for their
capture offered by the executive. I may here remark that
it has been contended, on the part of those prisoners, that

JANUARY 11, 1865.

they were entitled to their release on the ground that the
acts charged against them were acts committed under com-
missions of instructions fromthe authorities of the so called
Confederate States—that in fact the crimes with which they
were charged were acts of war. Without admitting for an
instant that even if they were it would form a ground for
their discharge, I fail to see that,while the actual seat of war
is several hundred miles distant from our frontier, a mere
incursion of a few men secretly contrived and without the
ordinary feature or emblems of a warlike expedition—re-
sulting in an inroad upon the territory of a neighbouring
country and the taking of the lives of non-belligerent and
unoffending citizens, and plundering them of their property,
and escaping into this country with the plunder—l say I
fail to see that such acts are entitled to be treated or consi-
dered as acts of war. I can only consider them as crimes of
murder and robbery under the pretence of war. If it were
otherwise the most revolting crimes might be perpetrated
under such pretexts, and being committed on the borders of
friendly and contiguous states, as in the present instance,
the offenders would escape the punishment that such crimes
deserve. War as understood and carried on among civilised
nations has enough evils and calamaties without extending
its horrors to murder and robbery, such as I refer to. As
well might it have been argued during the Crimean war,
that if a few desperate men entered any part of our pro-
vince from the United States, and murdered and robbed
our people, andimmediately fled thereafter within the Ame-
rican frontier, they were, under the pretext that their crimes
were acts of war in aid of Russia, entitled to protection,
and not within the treaty. One's common sense revolts at
any law, international or otherwise, being invoked to pro-
tect the perpetrators of such atrocities and crimes from
being amenable to the laws of the outraged country. Some
of you gentlemen may remember that a number of the mis-
guided men involved in the rebellion of 1837, who fled and
took refuge within the American frontier, in conjunction
with:citizens of the United States, effected for a few days a
landing on Navy Island, and employed a steamboat in the
transport of men and munitions of war to the island from
the American shore. It will be in your recollection the
very bitter and exasperated feeling that those proceedings
created in the mind of every loyal subject in the province,
and which resulted in the cutting out of the Caroline
while lying in an American port, with a view to her de-
struction. The act itself was a violation of American soil,
and was vindicated by us on the ground of self-preserva-
tion. And were it not for the good sense of the two Go-
vernments
at the time, the two nations might have been
plunged into all the calamities of civil war. When some
of their citizens were killed and wounded, and their banks
plundered, how intensely bitter would that feeling become
if our authorities and our people did not take effectual steps
to repress and to prevent a recurrence of such crimes, or if,
upon the commission, no effort was made to capture and
deliver over to justice men who had not only forfeited all
right to protection, but were become criminals of the deepest
dye. The direct tendency of such outrages is to bring the
people of the two countries into collision, and eventually
involve us in all the multiplied evils of war. We have re-
cently seen the great peril in which our national rela-
tions were placed by an order of the American general
commanding on the eastern frontiers. Fortunately,
that part of the order which was fraught with the
danger to the peace of the two nations was
promptly disallowed by the President of the United States,
a step which affords us an assurance that the Government
at Washington relies upon the good faith of our executive,
and upon its willingness and ability to redress and pre-
vent any violation of neutrality or national law, and to
carry into effect all our treaty stipulations. The matter is
now in the hands of our Government, and we can all rest
assured that the dignity and honour of the country will be'
maintained ; that the most effectual means will be taken
to keep inviolate our own territory, and to prevent any
part of it being made use of as a point from which refu-
gees or others may plot or proceed to molest the citizens
of the United States, and that our treaty obligations
will be carried in their integrity. It, nevertheless,
behoves every one of us to use all our influence, and
to make every exertion, individually and collectively, to
discourage and counteract every breach of neutrality on in-
ternational law ; and it is to be hoped that all refugees and
others within our boundaries must see that they cannot en-
gage in any such criminal enterprises as I have referred to,
without encountering public indignation, in addition to the
penalties of the law. I have so far felt it, Mr. Foreman and
gentlemen, to be my duty to make to you these few remarks
in connection with the subject to which I deemed it pro-
per to direct your attention—a subject in which is involved
matters of the most serious import to yourselves as men of

property, and having a stake in the country, and to every
one interested in its well-being and prosperity. His lord-
ship, after reading the above'charge, said he might add that
we must all deplore the enormous expense the conntry must
be put to by the measures rendered necessary by the cir-
cumstances to which he had alluded. We must also feel
how serious was the hardship inflicted on our own people,
volunteers and others, who, at the call of his excellency,
had to go to the frontier to repress these outrages. The
necessity for these proceedings was much to be regretted,
but every well-disposed person and good subject must ad-
mit their necessity, inasmuch as if these outrages were to
go on unchecked, they must inevitably, as he had stated,
result in war.