The Sun.
London, England, 1865-08-15 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 15, 1865.

GREAT ST. JAMES'S HALL.-WIZARD
of the NORTH. Crowded Houses. Great success of
Frederic (the Great) Maccabe, the unrivalled ventriloquist
and mimic (vide the London press). Second Sight by Miss
Anderson, more extraordinary than ever. Every night at 8,
Saturday afternoon at 3. Entrances, Regent-street and Pic-
cadilly.

SATURDAY NEXT-DAY PERFORMANCE
Great St. James's Hall. Maccabe, the Ventriloquist.
—The World of Magic by PROFESSOR ANDERSON,
Second Sight by Miss Anderson, the real Indian Basket Feat
by Miss Lizzie Anderson. Doors open at 2, to commence at 3.
Stalls, ss. ; reserved seats, 3s. ; balcony, 2s. ; area and gal-
leries, 1..; schools and children half price to stalls and re-
served seats, which may be obtained at Mr. Austin's Office,
No. 28, Piccadilly.

A. NIMMO, Acting Manager.

T HE OXFORD
6, OXFORD STREET. W.
The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited). _

SIXTY-SIX, by J. Offenbach, performed by
Misses Russell. Barrie. Walmesley, Tyrell ; Messrs. A. St.
Albyn. Husk, Green, and Mons. ERVAII, the new French
Tenore, with full Band and Chorus.
Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans.
Dille', Comedy, Burlesque, &c., by the celebrated D'Au-
bans, Messrs. Duriah and Davis, and the Misses TESSY
and SARA GUNNISS.
NOTICE —The Oxford has been entirely Redecorated.
Altered, Newly Lighted, and Ventilated, and now is one of
the most agreeable places of resort in the kingdom.—OPEN
EVERY EVENING at Eight o'clock.
Admission—Area, 6d.; stalls and balcony, is. ; private
boxes, 10s. 6d.

CANTERBURY HALL.
SeleAlong from ORPHEE AUX ENFERS and THE
BROTHER AND SISTER, supported by Miss RUSSELL,
Miss Barrie, Miss Hays. &c.; Messrs. ST. ALBYN, Green,
&c., with Full Band and Chorus.
Conductor, Mr. F. Jongmans.
Comedy by Arthur Lloyd, Messrs. Duriah and Davis, and
the Grotesque D'Aubans,

THIS EVENING, will be performed, with new Optical
effects, the Illusion. entitled KO KO RI KO, on a scale of
magnificence never before attempted, and embracing the ser-
vices of the entire establishment.

MADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION.-
Established 30 years, at the Bazaar, Baker-street.

NEW ADDITIONS.—In accordance with"the season, the
Exhibition has been entirely re-embellished. The whole of
the ancient Court Dresses At the most costly description,
faithfully copied from the most minute pictures, have been
renewed. Modern Court Dresses of the most splendid de-
scription, selected from the first houses in Paris and London,
and probably never equalled or surpassed, are now on view.
Life-size Models of DOCTOR E. W. PRITCHARD and
CONSTANCE KENT are now added.
Open from 11 a.m. till 10 p.m.
Admittance, One Shilling; Extra Rooms, Sixpence.

GLASS, CHINA, EARTHENWARE, and
CHANDELIER SHOW ROOMS.
Notice of Removal in consequence of the late Fire.

T DEFRIES and SONS' Temporary SHOW
• ROOMS.
16 and 17, COMMERCIAL-STREET, WITITEC EIAPEL,
Five Minutes walk from their Late Establishment,
147, HOUNDSDITCH.

CRYSTAL and BRONZED CHANDELIERS, New Designs,
for the Dining and Drawing-room, either for
Gas or Candle.

JDEFRIES and SONS, 16 and 17,
• COMMERCIAL-STREET.

PETROLEUM LAMPS and WALL LIGIITS, MIRRORS

(for India).

JDEFRIES and SONS, 16 and 17,
• COMMERCIAL-STREET.

TAVERN AND HOTEL GLASS.
Newest Patterns, Correct Measure.
T DEF RIES and SONS,
• 16 and 17, COMMERCIAL-STREET.

ALEXANDRA DINNER SERVICES,
For 12 Persons, XL 18s. 6d.
T DEFRIES and SONS,
U• 16 and 17. COMMERCIAL-STREET.

TABLE GLASS, CHINA, and EARTHENWARE.
CLUB, MESS, d
FURNISHING
xe RDRS for the above
GOODS promptly eted E.

- - -
T DEFRIES and SONS supply Designs and
cl • Pattern Books Free.
Works—LONDON and BIRMINGHAM.

Our Lights and Lighthouses.

How far that little candle throws his beams!
So shines a good deed in a naughty world.
Merchant of Venice.
If the faint twinkling of a candle's light was cal-
culated to awaken so beautiful an idea in the mind
of our great dramatist and poet, to what shall we
liken that noble light which not only so far transcends
the little candle in magnitude and beauty, and in
the distance to which its beams are thrown, but
whose mission it is to protect and save, —which
pierces the midnight gloom-, lighting the seaman's
path along the trackless deep, to warn him of the
hidden shoal, the sunken rock, the beetling cliff—
to be, as it were, " a light to his feet and a lamp to
his path—to guide him to the haven where he would
be?" It may be likened to religion's holy light,
which reveals to man the road to Heaven, and
warns him of the many hidden dangers on which
moral shipwreck may befall him on his way.
So calculated, indeed, is the beacon-light to
awaken elevated and even holy thoughts, that it
seems somewhat strange so humble, and indeed
unsuitable a name, as "lighthouse" should have been
adapted to signify the shrine of so splendid djewel,
and especially as such buildings have rarely the ap-
pearance of a house at all. A tower, or more often
a spire, their tall and graceful forms resemble, and
accordingly their names in some other Euro-
pean languages have such a signification— as
the " Tour h feu," in the French, and the
" Torre de lutes," in the Spanish language.
Their more frequent name is, however, taken
from the Greek " Pharos," the celebrated light-
tower of Alexandria, erected there, on a small
island of that name, by Ptolemy Philadelphus, about
300 years before the birth of Christ ; thus
‘‘phare"
in French, and, in our own language, the term
" pharology" has been adopted to signify the science
of lighting up sea-coasts with beacon or warning
lights.
The most ancient light-tower of which there is
any authentic record is the one above named, which
endured for 1,600 years. Others were erected at
Ostia, Ravenna, Apamea, and at Capio, or Apio,
as recorded by Pliny, Strabo, and other writers.
The oldest existing light-tower is that at Corunna,
in Spain, said to have been erected in the reign of
Trajan, and now fitted with one of the finest
modern light-apparatus. The celebrated Colossus

of Rhodes has also been supposed by some to have
had a light at its summit, but on no certain evi-
dence. Various ruins of towers on the coasts of
Great Britain, and on the shores of Europe, have

likewise been supposed to be the remains of ancient
lighthouses ; and, if such be the case, they may be
looked on as fitting emblems of the departed light

of the earlier civilisation of our race, which was fol-
lowed by a long period of barbaric darkness.
The subject of pharology, although it may not be

of universal interest, should at least he so to every
Englishman who is sensible of the vast commercial
intercourse between his island. home and the world
around it, and of the immense effect of that inter-
course in promoting the prosperity and advance-
ment not only of his own country and its numerous
dependencies, but directly and indirectly of the
whole world.

The slight sketch, which is all that we can
attempt, of this to us interesting subject, we will
divide into the three heads under which it seems
naturally to fall, namely—
lst.—The towers or buildings containing the

2d.—Tho lights themselves.
3d.—The positions in which such lights are
placed.

1. THE BUILDINGS.—The character of the build-
ings in which the beacon-lights are placed is dependent
on their situation. They may be placed on lofty
cliffs at a considerable height above the sea, as at
Flamborough Head and the North and South
Foreland, in which case the building itself need not
be lofty, but only of such peculiar shape and colour
as to make it conspicuous from the sea by daylight,
and to make it easily distinguished from the dwel-
ling houses or other buildings in its neighbourhood.
Or they may be situated on low promontories but
little above the sea level, as on the flat beds of
shingle at Oxfordness and Dungeness, where they
must be raised to a considerable elevation, that the
night and the building by day may be dis-
cernibleligit by
I at long distances from the land. Or they
may be fixed on the isolated and even sunken rock,
as-the celebrated Eddystone in the English Chan-
nel, in which case the whole skill and science of the

engineer must be expended, not only on their foun-
dations, but also on their entire structure, to enable
them to stand the mighty shocks of the ocean-
waves. Or, lastly, they may be required to stand
in the very midst of the great deep itself, where
not even a sunken rock will afford a foundation
on which to build ; and then they must be either
erected on open work of piles, or on a floating ves-
sel, strongly moored to the ground below, many of
which invaluable though non-locomotive craft may
be seen around our coasts; warning the mariner from
the treacherous sandbanks that are so numerous in
our tidal sea.

The principal class of buildings of this description
to be noticed are those of the third class above
alluded to, which are erected on outlying rocks, or
on softer ground in shallow water ; for such edifices
are invested with peculiar interest, from the skill and
energy that have been engiged in their construction ;
as being amongst the most striking illustrations of
the conquest of mind over matter ; as being invested
with a certain wild romantic interest from their
isolated exceptional position, eternally surrounded
by the great watery waste, and cut off from the
busy haunts of man.

THE TOUR DE CORDitAN.—Perhaps the first
light-tower that has claint;on our attention, as far
as architectural grandee tais toncernecl,- is the Tour
de Corduan. It is erected on an extensive reef at
the mouth of the river Garonne, in France, and
serves as a guide to the shipping of Bordeaux and
the Languedoc Canal, and, indeed, of all that part
of the Bay of Biscay. It was commenced in the
year 1584, and not completed until 1610. It is
197 ft. high, and around the base is a wall of circum-
vallation 134 ft. in diameter, in which the light-
keeper's apartments are formed, somewhat in the
style of the casemates in a fortification. Its first light
was obtained by burning billets of wood in a chauffer
at the top of the tower, which was no doubt the
mode by which all the earlier light-towers were
illuminated. It has since gone through all the
gradations of improvement of the several modern
discoveries, viz., from a fire of wood to one of coal,
and the subsequent addition of a rude reflector ;
next, in about the year 1780, the substitution of
improved reflectors and lamps ; and lastly, in 1822,
by the introduction of the dioptric apparatus, first
proposed by our distinguished countryman, Sir
David Brewster, in 1812, and subsequently in
France by M. Frosnel.
THE EDDYSTONE.—Of the British light-towers of
this class, that on the Eddystone rock, 9 miles off
the coast of Cornwall, is the most celebrated,
although much larger ones have been since built on
the same design. The first light-tower on these
dangerous rocks was designed by Mr. Winstanley,
and was formed of wood ; it was commenced in
1696 and completed in 1698. It was 60ft. high ;
but as the sea broke fairly over its top, its height
was subsequently increased to 120 f t. . In Novem-
ber, 1703, some considerable repairs were being
executed, when the storm of the. 26th of that month
swept the entire edifice away, and Mr. Winstanley
and the whole of his assistants, 30 in number, un-
happily perished on the Occasion ; a proof of the
danger and difficulty attending the construction of
such works. Shortly after its destruction, the
Winchilsea ship-of-war was wrecked on these rocks,
and most of her crew were drowned. In 1706,
another tower, likewise of wood, was commenced
under the direction of Mr. John Rudyerd, of Lon-
don, and was completed in 1708. This one lasted
until the year 1755, when the whole of the edifice '
was destroyed by fire. The height of this tower
was 92 ft., and the diameter at its base 23 ft. The
great importance of a light on these dangerous rocks
having been long recognised by seamen no time
was now lost in replacing it, and Mr. Smeaton was
intrusted with its re-erection. On the 12th June,
1757, the first stone of the present edifice was laid,
and the last on the 20th August, 1759. The whole
structure is 93 ft. in height, and has 26 ft. diameter
at the base. The first 12 ft. above the rock is a
solid mass of masonry, the stones being united to
each other by means of stone joggles, dovetailed
joints, and oak tree-nails. This beautiful tower,
which, after the lapse of more than a century,
stands as firm as the rock on which it rest, has been
the model of successive structures in similar positions.
THE BELL Roox.—Amongst the chief of these
light-towers is the Bell Rock tower, on the east coast
of Scotland on a dangerous reef, right in the fairway
of the Firths of Forth and Tay, which had long been
a terror to mariners ; the task of erecting a durable
edifice on this reef was a still more difficult one than
had been that in the case of Eddystone, since there
was a depth of 12ft. of water over the rocks at every
spring-tide. All difficulties, however, were over-
come, and a splendid stone tower, after the model
of the Eddystone,
Was successfully erected under
the direction of Mr. Robert Stevenson, the engineer
to the Lighthouse Board of Scotland. This tower
is 100 ft. high, 42ft. in diameter at the base, and 15ft.
at the top. The foundation having been excavated,
the first stone was laid on July 10, 1808, and the
light was first exhibited on the night of Feb. 1, 1810.
Its base is of solid masonry to the height of 30ft., at
which height is the door for ingress and egress, and
which is reached from the outside by a massive cop-
per ladder. It cost £60,000.
THE SKERRYVORE.—Another noble specimen of
sea-architecture, if we may use the term, is also to
be found in the coast of Scotland. The Skerry-
yore Rocks on the coast of Argyleshire, 12 miles
W.S.W. of the Isle of Tyree, were long known as
the dread of seamen, owing to the numerous ship-
wrecks that had occurred on them, fatal alike to the
vessels and their crews.

The Commissioners of the Northern Lighthouses
had for many years entertained the project of
erecting a light-tower on the Skerryvore reef, and
with that object had visited it in the year 1814, in
company with Sir Walter Scott, who has given a
graphic description of it in his " Diary." It was
not, however, until the year 1834 that a minute
survey of the reef was undertaken by that board,
and the work was not actually commenced before
1838. In illustration of the danger attending the
construction of such edifices we will describe some
details regarding the commencement of this light-
tower.
The Skerryvore reef, which stretches over a sur-
face of nearly 8 miles from W.S.W. to E.N.E., is
composed of the very hard igneous rock called gneiss,
the surface of which is worn as smooth as glass
by the perpetual motion of the water. In nume-
rous places it rises above the surface of the
water, forming small rocky islets, the principle one
of which alone presents sufficient surface to form
the base of a light-tower ; and it is so small, that
at high water little of it remains above the surface
but a narrow band of a few feet in width, and some
rugged lumps of rock, separated from it by gullies,
through which the sea almost incessantly plays.
The cutting of the foundation alone, in this irregu-
lar flinty mass, occupied nearly two summers ; and
the blasting of the rock in so narrow a space, with-
out any shelter from the flying splinters, was at-
tended with much hazard.
In such a situation, of course, everything had to
be provided beforehand, and transported from a
distance ; and the omission even of a little clay for
the tamping of the mine-holes might for a time have
stopped the works. Barracks had to be built at the
workyard in the neighbouring island of Tyree, and
also on the Isle of Mull, where the granite for the
tower was quarried. Piers had to be built at both
places, to facilitate the shipment and landing of
materials ; and a small harbour or basin, with a re-
servoir and sluices for scouring the entrance, had to
be specially formed, for the accommodation of the
small vessel required to permanently attend on the
light-keepers. A steam-tug had also to be pro-
vided, to expedite the transport of the building
materials, and which also served, in the early stages
of the work, as a floating-barrack for the workmen,
in which service she and those on board her had to
incur many risks, the tug being moored off the rock

on foul and rocky ground, on which the anchor
often tripped.
In the summer of 1838, Mr. Allan Stevenson, the
engineer who designed the tower, commenced by
erecting a wooden barrack on the rock, as far as
possible removed from the foundation; but in the
great gale of the 3d November following it was en-
tirely destroyed and swept from the rock, leaving
nothing but a few twisted iron staachions to mark
its site. For the greater part of two seasons the
men then lived on board the vessel moored off
the rock, at the end of which time they
erected another wooden barrack, more strongly
secured than the former one, and which fortunately
endured through the winter's storms, until the com-
pletion of the building, and indeed till many years
afterwards, notwithstanding that, as Mr. Stevenson
describes it, they were often disturbed in their beds
by the sea pouring over the roof, by the spurting of
the water through the doors and windows, and by
the rocking of the whole edifice on its supports.
The Skerryvore light-tower was completed in

1844. It is 158kft. high, exclusive of the lantern,
42ft. in diameter at the base, and 16ft. at the top.
It was an adaptation of Smeaton's Eddystone-
tower, with such modifications in the size and
general arrangements of the buildings as were called
for by the peCuliar situation and other circura:
stances, while it embodied such improvements as
later knowledge had suggested. _ _ _

The tower contains amass of stonework of about
58,580 cubic feet, being more than double that of
the Bell Rock, and nearly five times that of the
Eddystone. Its cost, including all the contingent
and preliminary expenses, was £86,978.
The other light-towers of this description most
worthy of notice are the Bishop Rock, off Scilly,
the New Smalls, that on the Hanois Rock on the
Jersey coast, and perhaps that at Carlingford on
the east coast of Ireland. The three first-named
have been all erected by the Trinity House, under
the superintendence of the Messrs. Douglass, who
are now engaged on the difficult task of erecting a
tower on the Wolf Rock off the Land's End. The
Carlingford tower was designed by Mr. George
Halpin, ;the inspector of the Irish lights ; it was
first exhibited on the 20th December, 1830. Its
figure is that of a frustrum of a cone, 111 ft. high,
and 48 ft. diameter at the base. _

Some idea may be formed of the difficulties of
erecting light-towers of this class, from the circum-
stance that in working at the tower on the Wolf
Rock, 82 working hours is said to have been the
whole time that was available to work on. the rock
during the year 1862. Some idea may likewise bo
formed of the tremendous strain to which they
are subjected from the fact that, at Skerryvore,
whore an instrument to test the forces of the
waves had been exposed, it was found to have
equalled, in the maximum case no less than
6,0831b5. on the square foot; also from the fact that,
at the Bishop Rock Light-tower, off Scilly, a mas-
sive bell, which was fixed with strong iron supports,
built into the masonry, at 120 ft. above the level of
the sea, was struck with such force by a wave which
ran up the tower, that it was wrenched from its po-
sition, while its iron supports were broken. It will
be readily felt, then, that the greatest possible
strength that human ingenuity can devise must be
requisite to resist the impact of such enormous
forces. This strength is obtained in the stone-
towers by a solid mass of masonry, to a height of
30ft. in some towers, above the sea-level, the stones
being all dovetailed together, both laterally and
vertically, and united by hydraulic cement, so that
the stones cannot be separated without being
broken, and the whole base is literally as solid and
indivisible as if ib were a natural, solid rock.
A novel class of towers has been designed and
erected by Mr. Alexr. Gordon, consisting of iron
plates bolted together. There are several fine examples
of his light-towers at Jamaica, Bermuda, the Baha-
mas, and other places. They are well adapted for
positions and countries where skilled labour and
suitable materials are wanting. _

Another description of light-tower, or lighthouse,
deserving of notice, is that on the ingenious plan of
11Ir. Alexander Mitchell, supported on screw-piles.
Buildings of this class arc especially applicable to
shallow waters, at the estuaries of rivers, and such-
like situations, over flat, soft ground of mud or
sand. The Maplin, at the mouth of the Thames,
was the first of these, begun in 1838. It stands on
nine piles, secured to as many iron screws, which
were screwed down to a depth of 22ft. into the sand.
These screws consist of a single turn of a flange,
4ft. in diameter, on the lower end of the iron pile.
They were fixed in nine consecutive days, under the
personal direction of the blind inventor. The piles
are secured in place and bound together by suitable
ties, and the dwelling room and lantern are placed
above the reach of the sea, which breaks harm-
lessly through the open work of iron piles, &c., be-
neath. Similar buildings have been constructed at
Fleetwood, Belfast, and other places.
Lastly, there remains to be described the floating-

lights. It is, we believe, an axiom in pharology
never to place a floating light where a suitable posi-
tion can be had for a fixed building; the reasons

being that their lights must be comparatively small ;
that they are liable to drag their anchors in violent
storms, and thus, by their change of position, to
mislead instead of guiding, although this does not
often happen ; that they are much more expensive,
requiring 11 men to work them, whereas 3 men are
all that are necessary to occupy a first-class light-
tower ; the cost of management of the former being
about £1,300 per annum, and of the latter £350 ;
also that they are much more troublesome, requir-
ing to be periodically taken into dock to refit, on
which occasions they have to be replaced by similar
vessels. There are 51 floating lights on the coasts
of the United Kingdom, being a greater number
than appear in any other country, the United States
of America having only 39 lights. These craft are
in general ordinary-shaped vessels, and are now
expressly built for the purpose. The floating light-
vessels of Mr. George Herbert's design are, however,
circular, and are moored from their centre of gra-
vity. They have immense stability, and are com-
paratively motionless ; they have been found to
answer admirably where adopted for floating bea-

cons, &c.
Light-vessels are ordinarily painted of a dark-red
colour, to make them readily distinguishable from
all other craft, and that colour, which ig the oppo-
site of green, being more conspicuous than any other
on the surface of the water.
The greatest depth of water in which any of these
vessels at present ride is about forty fathoms, as is
the case with the one at the station of the Seven
Stones, between the Scilly Islands and Cornwall.
The lights on land, or lighthouses, which are at
the highest elevation, with the distances they com-
mand in clear weather, are given in the following
table, compiled from the general return published
by the Admiralty

Year
erected.

Height of Distances
Lantern at which
above High the Lights
Water. are seem

Miles,
... 20
... 27

Feet.
Lizard 1751 ... 221
221
Needles 11788268
285
Beachy Head
South Foreland 1793 ... 372
Cromer
Flamborough Head 1806 ... 211
Inchkeith
Isle of May lBl6 ... 240
Dunnet Head lB3l ... 346
Sumburgh Head lB2l 300
Cape Wrath
Barra Head 1833 680
Kintyre
Mull of Galloway 1830 325
Calf of Man
St. Bee's Head 1718 333
Lundy Island lB2O 540
Cape Clear
Clare Island
Skellig's Rock 1826 372
The figures which are appended, together with
the above brief sketch, will, perhaps, give a suffi-
cient general idea of the nature of the buildings
which enclose and protect the beacon-lights that
encircle our shores.—Journal of the National Life-
boat Institution.

... 21

... 25
... 32

... 23
... 22

PRICE 4d.
S TAMPED sd.

Extraordinary Charge.

cha hgiotnhger him_i
Yesterday Chas. Gordon Sprague, a surgeon, who was re-
cewinthtlyadtmriebadisatnedrinac:ll)toitisteodn on nanindictment
Sarah Chalker, is
charging
law, with intent to murder her, at the Exeter Assizes, was
brought before the Lord Mayor (Alderman Hale), at the
Justice-room of the Mansion-house, charged with rape.
The prosecutrix was Hannah Hart, a respectable-looking
young woman, who gave her evidence with much propriety
of manner. She said, mostly in reply to questions from
the bench—l am 2a years of age next birthday, and am a
servant to Mr. Jenkins, a surgeon at 22, Philpot-lane, Fen-
church-street. Mr. Jenkins occupies the whole house there.
The prisoner had been in Mr. Jenkins's service two days as

an assistant. Mr. Jenkins left town on Saturday morning,
and I and a boy were left in the house with the prisoner,
who attended in, the surgery. On Saturday afternoon,

about 3 o'clock, I was taken very ill, and went upstairs

to my bedroom. Tho prisoner was not in the house at that
time. I believe he had gone to attend patients. I told the

boy I was ill and that I would lio down for an hour. I
asked him to call me at 4 o'clock. I closed my door and

went to sleep.

The Lord Mayor—Did you undress ?
Witness—No. I do not know how long I slept before I

was roused by the boy, who told me the Coctorwa s coming
up to see me. I said I did not wish him to come up as I

should be better soon. The prisoner came upstairs shortly
afterwards into myroom, and, taking a chair, sat down by

S bedsidik and asked what Was the matt& with me. I said
felt very poorly. The boy was then in tho room. He sent

:he boy downstairs to the surgery for a particular bottle

of spirits of some kind, but I cannot tell you the name of

the spirits: The boy came back and said he could not find
the bottle. He brought up a bottle of something else, but
it was not the right one. The prisoner then sent him into
Mr. Jenkins's bedroomto bring some brandy, which he did.
He first gave me a wineglass full of the brandy, which
quite overpowered me. The boy was then in the room. The
prisoner had requested me to drink it all at once, and I did
so. He then put his hand up my drawers to my left side,
and asked if I felt any pain there. I said I did not. He
raised my head up and gave me another glassfull of some-
thing which I believed was brandy. He told me to drink
it at once, and I did so. Ho said I should be quite right
after I had had that. I lost all my senses then, and could
not remember anything after until I was roused by a heavy
weight upon me. I then found the front of my dress all
open, and my clothes thrown up over me. I heard the
prisoner walk out of the room as far as the landing. I was
raising myself up in bed, and he came in and throw some-
thing over mo which burnt very much, and scorched my
neck. Ho stood by the side of my bed while he threw it
over me. It took my breath away, and I felt the burning
directly. I tried to speak, but I could not. He went out
of the room after he threw it. I cannot remember any-
thing from that time. I was afterwards awoke by a sick-
ness, and tried to get out of bed, but I could not. It was
quite dark at that time. I lay there until the boy called
me, and said two sergeants of police wanted to speak to me.
I went downstairs and spoke to them. I never saw the
prisoner again until yesterday, when I charged him with
committing a rape. [The witness here described the cir-
cumstances of a criminal assault.] The boy had been out
with some letters, and on his return ho said he had rung all
the bells, but nobody had come to let him in. The prisoner
had left the house when the two police-sergeants came. I
did not see him again until half-past 12 or lon Sunday. He
had been out all night. Mr. Jenkins went away on Saturday
morning to go to Wales ; the prisoner accompanied him to
the railway station. On Sunday morning, before the prisoner
returned, I sent for Mr. Goode, surgeon. When the prisoner
came home I was upstairs dressing. He rang the bell three
times. I went down and answered it. When he came in 1
asked what ho thought of himself in leaving me in the state ho
did on Saturday night. He replied he did not know what I
meant. I was going upstairs to finish dressing when he called
back, and said ho was sorry for having kept me up, and
asked me to forgive him for what he had done. I said I
would not. I had sat up waiting for him until 4 o'clock on
Sunday morning. He asked me a second time to forgive
him. I told him I had somo ono waiting for him. I meant
a policeman. I went upstairs, and when I came down he
was out. A policeman was outside looking for him. I did
not see him again until 5 o'clock, when he came in with his
brother. The boy went out at my request for a policeman.
He rang the bell and I let the policeman iu. I took the
policeman into the surgery, where the prisoner was, and I
charged the prisoner with committing a rape upon me. The
prisoner made no reply. He was taken to a police-station,
and I went there afterwards with another policeman. I was
first examined by Mr. Humphreys, a surgeon at the station,
and again this morning by another surgeon,
:Mr. Marsh, a„,
fri.nd of my master.
By the prisoner and Mr. Oke (chief clerk)—On Saturday
evening, the boy having complained of being very tired, I

took out some medicine for him to Cornhill and White-
chapel. I first mentioned the matter at 10 o'clock on Sun-
day morning to a friend of my master. When the police
sergeants came I did not tell them ; I did not like to do so.
They came about another matter. The boy had gone out,
and I was asleep in bed. They came because of some one
ringing so long at the boll.
John Pye—l am errand boy to Dr, Jenkins. On Satur-
day afternoon, about 2 o'clock, or a little after, the last wit-
ness told me she was ill, and she would go up and lie
down, and that if she was longer than an hour I was to
call her. About five minutes after she had laid down the
prisoner asked me where she was and I told him. The pri-
soner left his dinner and went up to her immediately,.
saying ho would go and see her. I showed him the way.
She was then asleep, but she awoke on our going into
the room. The prisoner took a chair and sat down by her
bedside. He told me to go down to the surgery and fetch
up a bottle—about the sixth on the counter, with a label
in Latin which I cannot remember. I brought up a
bottle with "lodine pure" upon it, and gave it to him.
There was very little in it. He said that was not what ho
wanted, and he then told me to go into Mr. Jenkins's bed-
room and bring a bottle of brandy, which I did, with a
wine glass, and gave them to the prisoner. I then left the
room, because I had to answer the door downstairs. In five
or ten minutes the prisoner came down. In that interval I
had gone up and told the prisoner there had been two
rings at the.door. I knocked at the bedroom door, and
told him that through the door. He had then been in the
room nearly a quarter of an hour. He did not open the
door. A few minutes afterwards there was another ring,

and I went :up and told him !through the door. He an
swered me without coming to the door. I could tell that
by the sound of his voice. He said he would be down in
about ten minutes. He came down in about that time, and
attended to two gentlemen who had been waiting in the
surgery. After that he went up stairs. While lie was at 7
tending the gentlemen I went up to Hannah's bed-room,
and asked her how she was. She was lying down and
seemed half asleep. She asked me to get some cold water
and bathe her forehead, which I did. She said her head
ached very much and her back. 1 remained there until the
prisoner came up again, nearly half an hour, and then
went down stairs. On his return I understood him to say
she had had " some hysteric" from fright, and that he had
done all he could for her. He then gave me a packet of
bills in envelopes to take out and deliver. I left the house
for that purpose about half-past three, and returned about
half-past nine. The prisoner was out when I returned. I
rang several times, but there WAS no answer. There is a
ventilator in the wall, and I asked a young gentleman
who was passing to give me a lift through it, and he
did so. (A laugh.) On jumping down on the inner side
I heard the forks and spoons rattle in the dining-room,
and suspecting some ono was in the house who ought
not to bo there I would not go up stairs until I saw
a policeman. I went to the door and saw two police-
sergeants. We went into the house together, upon
which-one took a poker and the other his truncheon, and
searched the house. (A. laugh.) That was about 10 o'clock
on Saturday night. We found Hannah in her bedroom.
I roused her up, and she came down and spoke to the ser-
geants. I complained of being tired, and she said she
would take the medicine out for me, the change would do
her good. I was left alone in the house, and I fell asleep
in the kitchen. (A laugh.) I was awoke by some one
laughing. I heard the prisoner's voice. I looked through
the rails of the stairs, and saw a gentleman with the pri-
soner, whom I took to be a patient. They at length went
out together, and in a minute or two afterwards Hannah
returned. We both sat up together until 4 o'clock next
morning waiting for the prisoner, but he had not then re-
turned. I wont home, and did not see him again until
Sunday afternoon. He rang the house-bell and 1 opened
the door. He said, " Well, John, has anybody been here ?"
I said, "No," but I thought to myself that some one would
be very soon there for bim—(a laugh)—for Hannah and I
had settled what we should do when he returned. I was
half a sleep at the time she told me what had happened.
When the police-sergeants came and I went upstairs her
clothes were in disorder.
Police-sergeant White deposed that about a quarter past
nine on Saturday evening he. was in Grac,echurch-street,
and was called by the last witness to go to the house of Dr.
Jenkins in Philpot-lane. He went with him and Sergeant
Speek. They searched the house, and on going to the top
storey they found the prosecntrix asleep in a bedroom and
breathing very heavily. She had been sick. The lower
' part of her legs to the knees were bare, and the bedclothes
thrown across them. The boy wanted to wake her, but
they told him he had better not until they had gone
downstairs. He afterwards woke her, and she came
down to them. Them was nobody in the house but
the prosocutrix, the boy, and them. They told her for
what purpose they were there, and she said she was not
aware there was any one in the house except the boy, the
assistant having gone out. Being satisfied all was right on
the premises Sergeant peek and witness left. she made

no Complaint to them. Sho said sho had 13.1***IrTell, and
that she had taken some brandy which. the assistant' had
given her. They then left. e 1F
Mr. Thomas Bennett Humphrey; surgeon, of Trinity- /).•`'
square, deposed that ho was sent for to go to the police_
station in Seething-lane about half-past 6 o'clock on Sunday s
evening, where he saw the prosecutrix, Hannah Hart. -Ho
was told the charge against the prisoner, and he was re-
quested to examine her. She told him what had happened
in pretty much the same terms as she had stated in evi-
dence. All medical evidence on such matters could only
go to probabilities. From what he saw ho inferred a pro-
bability of a recent connection, but it might not have been
violent. Ho was not justified in saying anything beyond
probability. He found no marks of bruises. As to the
marks on the girl's neck a starched collar, or anything of
that kind, might have produced the discolouration there.
lodine would produce a dark mark, but not insensibility.
Police-constable Huggett said on the prisoner being
charged with rape by the prosecutrix he made no reply,
except to ask if he could be bailed by a friend. Witness
found two £5 Bank of England notes upon him, 123 postage
stamps, a half sovereign, and some coppers, and a packet
of letters. He gave the name of Sprague.
Tho prisoner, in reply to the Court, said his name was
Charles Gordon Sprague.
The letters found on the prisoner, on being produced,
showed that ho was the same person who was tried at
Exeter a fortnight ago for the attempt to poison his wife's
mother, Mrs. Chalker, at Ashburton.
The Lord Mayor eventually remanded the prisoner until
Tuesday next, and declined to entertain his application to
be admitted to bail.

Death by Drowning of an Under•Gradnate
. _

at Cambridge.

Yesterday an inquest was held at the Unicorn, in the
parish of Trumpington before Mr. Francis Barlow, coroner
for tho division, on the body of Mr.:George Garners, aged
23 years, late a slur of Corpus Christi College, and whose
death resulted under the melp2choly circumstances Wet!.
detailed.

The Rev. T. T. Perowne, fellow and assistant tutor o f
Corr, c., attended on behalf of the college authorities.
Mr. Frederic Le Mothe, undergraduate of Corpus Christi
College, who entered (as did deceased) last October, and
who while giving his evidence was evidently suffering much
emotion, said that on Saturday last the deceased called
upon him, and proposed that they should go in the after-
noon and bathe in a part of the river in the parish of
Trumpington, a part of which he (deceased) had on two or
three previous occasions spoken to witness. [The spot in
question is just next what is known as " Byron's Pool,"
having been a favourite haunt of the illustrious poet.]
They started at two o'clock, and walked to the place.
Witness could swim, but the deceased could not. Deceased
took witness a little higher up the river, and pointing to a
place said, " there is a deep hole there," and that " that
was where his brother" (Mr. Thomas Garners, under-
graduate of Caius College) " had got in some days before."
Witness said then, "Do you go down to the shallow
part, and go in there, and I will go in here, and swim
down to you." Deceased went and stripped, and got into
the water at the more shallow part. Witness was stand-
ing on the bank with all his clothes on, but unbut-
toned and ready to take off. In about a minute after-
wards witness stripped, plunged into the river, and swam
down to the deceased. When within about a yard of the
deceased witness tried to and did sound the bottom, and
found that it just came up to his chin. Walked along the
bottom of the river to where deceased was standing, nearly
up to his chest in the water. Went up to deceased and
told him that the way witness was taught to swim when
he was a boy was by another person holding his head.
Deceased said, "The great difficulty he had was with his
legs. He thought he could manage with his hands, but not
with his legs." Witness took deceased's head in his hands,
and told him to kick with his feet. Deceased did so, and in
doing so he pushed the witness forwards out into the
stream, and both were over their depth in an instant. Wit-
ness was thrown, as it were, on his back, and deceased
came forward on to him, and then both got into the centre
of the river. Deceased seized witness by the neck, and
they both went under. Each clung to the other very
tightly, and witness felt sure that both would be drowned.
After they had been under some time they cleared from one
another almost without ti, struggle, and witness then
struggled for the top of the water. The water seemed to
be of a groat depth, and witness almost feared he should
never got to the top. Did reach the top, however, scrambled
out, and then ran directly for a gate, of which deceased
had on a previous occasion spoken to him, and had, on
Saturday actually shown him. Witness threw the gate into
the river with the hope that deceased would be able to seize
it, but he was then under the water, and witness could not
see him. Witness then jumped into the water again. There
were two men fishing, about 150 or 200 yards off. Witness
shouted, and saw the men come running up the bank.
They ran by the railway bridge to get on the other side
of the river, as there were a great many weeds on the side
they were. They ran round to the same side as witness.
They brought a long pole, and threw it into the river to
witness. Witness probed the bottom of the river with it to
try if he•could feel the body. One of the men then said,

u_Why don't yqp. dive ?" Witness then swam under water
and looked ne the bottom, but could Seo nothing vrianitrinkr,
Witness then came' out, and he and the men searched from
the bank, but could see nothing. Witness found himself

very weak and cold, and his hands all cramped. Witness
then put on his things, and another young man came up,

stripped, and dived sevOral,times and in different directions,
but could find no trace of the deceased. Some men then
came up with a grapnel and threw it across the stream, but
could not discover deceased. A boat was sent for and rowed
about, and at last one of the occupants said, " Here is the
body. It is in a crouched position." Witness did not want
to see the body drawn, and went away and stood by a tree.
The spot where the body was found was about a yard from
where he first slink, and on the same side of the river.
Should say it was about three-quarters of an hour to an
hour before the body was got out. Believed deceased was
about 24 years of age.

Samuel Lloyd, labourer on the Cambridge an d Bedford
Railway, in the vicinity, deposed to tho finding of tho body,
th
with the grapnel, in 10 feet of water, and that the deceased
was quite dead when his remains were recovered.
The Rev. Mr. Perowne identified the body, and the jury
returned a verdict of Accidentally Drowned.
The sad occurrence has spread a glooom not only over tho
college of which deceased was a member, but the university
at large. The deceased was a young man of much intellec-
tual promise*; entering last October, he came out in the first
class at the late college examination. Mr. Ushers was
native of Herefordshire, but has left no parents to mourn
his loss.

EXTRAORDINARY CAPTURE OF WHALES IN THE
CROMARTY FIRTH.—On Wednesday morning an ex.
traordinary capture of whales took• place in the Cromarty
Firth, close by the town of Dingwall. On the previous
afternoon a largo shoal of these gigantic creatures, after.
wards ascertained to be of the bottle-nose species, had
been observed sporting themselves in the water about
half a mile distant from Invergordon harbour, and were
immediately pursued by boats full of eager crews from
Invergordon, Saltburn, Ballintraid, and the coast, the
object of the pursuers being to run them into shallow
water and strand them. The fish, however, kept com-
pactly together, all the while moving backwards and
forwards about the centre of the channel, which is very
deep, for the space of four or five hours; and several
shots were fired at them from the boats without any
visible effect. Ultimately, about 6 o'clock in the evening,
they took a start up the Firth, whither they were closely
followed by the boats, and a hot chase ensued. The tide
was at this time on the ebb, and there was every chance of
the fish being driven into shallow water. The scene was
animating in the extreme. The pursuers arrived at Novar
Bay about 8 o'clock, having succeeded in keeping the fish
ahead of them all the time, although the frightened crea-
tures took many turns and windings as if in the endeavour
to escape down the Firth, or keep in the greatest possible
depth of water. The water, however, at this point is ex-
tremely shallow in some places, and as a stray fish got
separated from its companions it inevitably went aground,
and was immediately surrounded by some of the boats, the
crews of which, armed with all sorts of weapons, from a
shovel to a crowbar, made short work of tho victim. In this
way a good many weft) captured from between the shore of
Fowlis and the opposite coast all the way down to Ding.
wall. Night did not stop the operations of those who had
engaged in the pursuit. Love of sport, and the chance of
gain combined, acted as a strong incentive to the pursuer,
and those who were not fortunate enough to strand their
whale previously, pushed on to the head of the Firth,
gathering strength on the way, until a perfect little flotilla,
of fishing cobles, rowing and sailing boats, and pleasure
yachts had arrived within view of Dingwall. The night was
clear and favourable. Shortly after 12 o'clock, and early
in the morning, those of the shoal which had managed
to got this length grounded among the mud and sand
apposite the burgh, facing to the north-east. It waosfntohNT
' that the work began in right earnest. A .
number
ande
tow townspeople
to wereth
e seo preparedne.A general ac
for N vliatwmasashskerly
e happen,ensued,
and was continued until a late hour in the morning, when
' no less than 3t; woro found to have been killed in this way,
some of the fish as large as 20ft., and one, we are assured,
no less than 281 t. long, but by far the greater number being
from 15ft. to 18ft. The total number captured, including
those on the other parts of the Firth and on the coast, is
estimated at between 50 and 60, and it is confidently as-
serted that few, if any, of the shoal succeeded in making
their escape.—lnverness Advertiser.

LADVERTISEMENT.I—HoIIowny's Ointment and Pills.—
Effectual Aid.—ln the sad time of sickness it is cheering
to know that a remedy does exist, and that it can be pro-
cured at a little cost. Holloway's ointment and pills are
always useful in relieving pain, in reducing inflammation;
and regulating disordered actions. They never can be
misapplied, nor can they under any circumstances cause
mischief. They are a blessing to the rich when tormented
by indigestion, gout, skin diseases, &c., and a precious boon
to the poor when struck down by sickness. Holloway's me-.
dicines should be in the possession of all soldiers, sailors,
and emigrants, who will then be in a position to ease pain
and cure disease when medical assistance cannot be ob.
tained.

TILE LAST EDITION OF " THE SUN,"
Containing the Latest SPOliTl).4ti INTELLiCiEACr,
lan be had Every Evening of
G. It. GIANIE, NEwa AGENT,
Leo. 4, Connaught-terrace, Ilyde-park.

LATEST EDITION of " TIIE SUN "
supplied, as soon as published every Evening. by
W. ALEXANDER (late BROOKS), Newspaper Agent, 21,
Old Cavendish-street, Oxford-street.

THE LAST EDITION of " THE SUN "
supplied as soon as Published containing all the
LA rEST NEWS and SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, by
1. W. HARRIS, Newspaper Agent, 4, Blacktriars-road,
Condon, S.

THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN."
J. HOLMES begs to inform his friends, and the pubic
generally, that he supplies the LAT.EST EDITI,,,N of
l'1114: SUN" as soon as published —No. 16, Hampstead-
road, N.W.

TEETH. AND PAINLESS DENTISTRY.--
Messrs. LEWIN and SIMEON MOSEL Y and SONS,
30, Bcrners-street, Oxtord-streer, and 118, Strand, opposite
Charing-cross Railway station. Established 1830. Artificial
Teeth made with their patented advantages are fitted with-
cut the least inconvenience, however tender the mouth, sup-
porting and strengthening loose and sensitive teeth until
they become useful in mastication. The r resemblance to
nature is perfect and undetectable, and they are guaranteed
for all purposes of mastication and articulation Operations
ot every kind i•eing unnecessary, the most nervous patient
can be supplied wthout fear ot pain or inconvenience. Con-
sultation .rie. Teeth irom 5.3. Sets, 5,7, lu, and :5
uhleas, warranted. rsor the tifica,y, utility, and success
of this system, vide " Lancet. '
Daily attendance at 15, Whitelriargate, Hull ; 10, Norfolk-
street, Sheffield ; 4, East-parace, Leeds ; and 14, St. Nicholas-.
reot, Scarbru%
..* o connection with any one of the same name.