The Sun.
London, England, 1865-05-12 00:00:00

THE CIVIL WAR IN A

(From the Times' Correspon
NEW YORK, AtILI 2/11,
After an almost total cessation of business for ten
days, New York on Wednesday resumed its usual
avocations, put off its'face of gloom, and launched
into trade and pleasure with its characteristic
ardour. The long interregnum was devoted to
mourning and lamentation for Abraham Lincoln ;
a mourning as sincere as it was universal, and
highly creditable to the good heart as well as
the intelligence of the people. Few kings or em-
perors who ever lived have been so honoured in
i I
their hour of death as the honest man, rail-splitter,
Ishopkeeper, and village attorney, twice elevated by
! the votes of his fellow-citizens into political
equality with the most powerful Sovereigns of the
world. The agricultural and hard-labouring free-
holders, who form the bone and sinew as well as the
vast majority of the nation, had a pride in him, not
only because their suffrages made him what he was,
but because he possessed the rough but kindly
common sense and sturdy honesty of purpose which
are in the main the chief characteristics of their own
class. He was neither better nor worse than them-
selves, and bore himself bravely, innocently, and
yet shrewdly, through difficulties and temptations
greater than ever before assailed an American Pre-
sident. Had he outlived his second term he
would, like his predecessors—most of them men of
more brilliant capacity than himself—have gone
quietly down into the place from which he had as-
cended, a man of the people once more, neither
higher nor lower than his neighbours, and have left
behind a name which, whatever future ages might
have done to honour it, would not in all probability
have ranked very high in the estimation of his con-
temporaries. But the manner of his death became
his apotheosis ; and to all future time in America the
tall form of Abraham Lincoln will stand out in
heroic relief on the broad canvas of history, his head
encircled with aureole of martyrdom, second in
the reverence of the public to none but eGeorge
Washington.

The procession that accompanied his remains on
Tuesday, after they had lain in state for 24 hours
and been visited by fully 100,000 people, to the rail-
way terminus, whence they were to be transported to
Albany, was the most imposing ever seen in America.
It took four hours to pass a given spot, marching
slowly to the beat of muffled drums, or to the " Dead
March" in Saul. There was not muchin the proces-
sion itself to appeal to the imagination—nothing but
its vast numbers, and the almost breathless silence
imposed by their own sadness upon the half million
of bystanders who lined the long streets and avenues
through which it made its melancholy way. Every
head was uncovered as the funeral car rumbled
through the streets. These were all hung with fune-
real drapery, and emblazoned with mortuary inscrip-
tions setting forth the virtues of the dead, the sor-
row of the nation for his loss, or the undying con-
fidence of the people that although he had departed
to his heavenly home, the principles that animated
him when living survived in the hearts and the con-
victions of his countrymen. The immense prepon-
derance of women—or, as they are always called in
America, " ladies"—among the crowd, could not
fail to be remarked •by every spectator, though
possibly the preponderance was more apparent than
real, inasmuch as the American lady, whether na-
tive born or fresh from the shores of the Emerald
Isle, always takes the front place vi et armis, if it be
not gracefully and willingly conceded to her. One
little episode of the procession was significant. The
Irish members of the Corporation of New York,
who had the management of the civic preliminaries,
with the strong dislike which the Irish as a body so
unaccountably entertain towards the negroes, had
refused permission to a coloured deputation to take
a place in the line, on the plea that the numerous
Irish benevolent and other societies would be
offended by their companionship, and might resist
it. The decision was overruled by Mr. Stanton, who
telegraphed from Washington that the negroes had
taken part in the funeral rites in that city, and
strongly recommended that they should not be de-
nied the same privilege in New York. In conse-
quence of his mandate the negroes were admitted to
the rear of the procession to the number of about
250, all well dressed in black. In Broadway their
presence excited but little notice or comment, but
in the aristocratic Fifth Avenue,where are the man-
sions of all or most of the millionaires of the trade
and commerce of New York, they no sooner ap-
peared than as if by preconcerted arrangement they
were greeted with a perfect furore of applause. The
ladies at the windows and balconies waved their
handkerchiefs, and in some instances flung flowers in
their pathway. The " American citizens of African
descent" were somewhat astonished at this sudden
popularity, as well they might be, remembering, as
many of them must have done, that they still labour
under social ban and exclusion, and that less than
two years ago men of their colour were hung to
lamp-posts or beaten to death by enraged mobs, in
the very streets through which they now passed in
triumph, for no other crime than the blackness of
their cuticle. Negroes, however, are not deeply rea-
soning philosophers. They took the compliment
paid them, and were evidently pleased with it.
The capture of the assassin Booth and one of his
accomplicees has had a soothing effect upon the
public temper. At first there was a general feeling
of disappointment that he had not been taken alive,
and that a more theatrical death than hanging had
been inflicted upon him without the preliminaries of
a public trial and sentence. But to-day the feeling
has to some extent subsided, and it is considered that
the trial of the meaner murderers, his accomplices,
three of whom are now in custody—Payne, who
attempted the cowardly assassination of Mr. Seward ;
Harrold, arrested with Booth; and a third, named
Asteroth, who was palpably acquainted with Booth's
design, -if he did not actually aid in its perpetration
—will be conducted under calmer auspices than if
Booth had either escaped altogether or been taken
alive.

It is time that the evil passions excited by this
fiendish act should be allayed, and that men of
authority and influence should do their utmost both
by precept and example to discourage and denounce
the vindictiveness which too generally prevails. The
papers overflow with reports of personal violence
offered to eminent citizens—not because they make
light of the assassination, which none but two or
three drunken and silly or wholly insignificant per-
sons have done—but because before the assassination
they may have expressed political opinions not in
accordance with those entertained by their
.neigh-
bours. When eminent publicists and oratorshke the
two Messrs. Ingersoll, of Philadelphia, cannot walk
the streets in safety from mob violence because they
hold that the doctrine of State rights is invaded by
the Government, though it is the best basis of Ame-
rican liberty, and consider the burden of taxation
about to fall on the shoulders of the people as
too heavy to be comfortably borne ; when Mr.
Shaw, a newspaper editor, is murdered by a mob
whom he resisted in the attempt to assault him ;
when such a man as ex-President Pierce is
mobbed and threatened, and only shames his
assailants into peaceable behaviour by a display of
personal courage and presence of mind as rare as
they were admirable ; and when there is a general
tendency to violence and the gratification of private
enmity, on the false pretence of patriotic enthusiasm,
every good citizen ought scrupulously to beware
lest he should help to fan the small fire of political
hatred into a devastating blaze.

April 29.

Mr. Stanton announces this morning from General
Grant, that the army of General Joseph E. Johnston
surrendered on the 25th to General Sherman, on
the same terms as those offered by General Grant
to General Lee. There remains now to the Con-
federacy no army but that of Texas, whither it
is supposed Mr. Jefferson Davis, under an escort of
2,000 Confederate cavalry, is proceeding by rapid
marches. Possibly if the new President were by
proclamation to offer to that army the same terms
as those offered to the armies of Lee and Johnston,
and be magnanimous enough to include Mr. Davis
as Commander-in-Chief, it also might lay down its
arms, and the American people of both sections,
freed from the horrors of war, might begin the great
and difficult work 0:A reconstruction.

TH EA TR E-R Y AL, DRURY-LANE,
Managers. Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton.
THIS EVENING the performance will commence with
a new Play, entitled LOVE'S ORDEAL ; or, The Old and
New Regime : Messrs. Walter Lacy, E. Phelps, E. Falconer,
Mrs. Hermann Vezin, Ic.
After which, on a scale of great splendour, Milton's
Benxi
Mask
of COMITS : Messrs. Walter Lacy, Williye Cooper.
Drayton, Miss Poole, Miss Augusta Thomson, and Mrs. H.
Tub'.

THEATRE-ROYAL,HAYMARKET.
Lessee. Mr. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING, MY WIFE'S MOTHER. Mr. Chip-
pendale ; Miss N. Moore, Miss Snowdon, Miss F. Wright, &c.
After which, OUR AMERICAN COUSIN. Messrs.
Sothern, Buckstoue, Chippendale, Braid, Gordon, Rogers,
Clark, White, Coe, drc. ; -Mesdames tnowdon, Stuart, Bill,
Harris, Wright, &C.
And EASY SHAVING. Miss Louise Keeley, Miss F.
Wright ; Messrs. Clark, Gordon, Rogers, &c,
To conclude with MY HUSBAND'S GHOST,
To commence at 7.

NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.-
Sole rrovrietor and Manager. Mr. B. Webster.
THIS EVENING, THE IRISH TIGER. Mess's. C. H.
Stephenson and Eburne ; Miss K. Kelly.
After which, at 8, FAZIO ; OR, THE ITALIAN WIFE.
Bianca, Miss Bateman; supported by Messrs. Jordan, Stuart,
C. J. Smith, Eburne, Ashley, and Mrs. Bllington.
To conclude with THE STEEPLECHASE ; or, In the
Pigskin. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Paul Bedford ; Miss K. Kelly
Commence at 7.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Under the Sole Management of Mr. Pechter.
THIS EVENING, A DAY AFTER THE WEDDING.
Messrs. C. Horsman, Collett, M'lntyre, dr.o. ; Mesdames C.
Horsman and G. Leigh.
After which, at Eight, RUT BLAS : Ruy Blas, Mr.
Pechter; supported by Messrs. Ryder, E. Garden, Ray-
mond, M'lntyre ; Miss C. Leclercq, Mrs. C. foreman, &C.
To conclude with THE LOST CHILD. Mr. Widdicomb.
Doors open at Hall-past Six.
The Box-office open daily from Eleven till Five.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining.
THIS EVENING, a new Farce, by Mr. David Fisher,
entitled HEART-STRINGS AND FIDDLE-STRINGS.
After which, ARRAH NA POGUE : Messrs. Dion Bondi-
eault, J. Brougham, H. Vandenhoff, D. Fisher, D. ,Murray ;
Mrs. Boucicault and Miss M. Oliver.
To conclude with AN AMPLE APOLOGY.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manageress, Mrs. Swanborough.
THIS EVENING, at 7, DEAF AS A POST. Mr. Thorne.
Mesdames Johnston, Weston, and Hughes.
After which, at 8, ONE TREE HILL. Messrs. Craven,
Moyle, James, Belford ; Miss A. Swanborough and Miss M.;
Palmer.
To conclude with ALADDIN. Messrs. Thorne, James;
Mesdames Hughes, Weston, Thorne, and Eliza Holt.

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THIS DAY.—Morning, 3h. 3m.—Afternoon, 3h. 20m.
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