The Sun.
London, England, 1862-11-14 00:00:00

SC E g.g.SUN:7LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 14, 1862.

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"THE SUN,"
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ADAIR RIVERS STEELE, Solicitor,
44, Bloolusbury-square, London, W.C.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
This DAY.—Morning, 6h. 24m.—Afternoon, 6h. 50m,
To-moßßow.-Morning, 7h. 18m.—Afternoon, 7h. 50m,

The .French Foreign Secretary was certain to
give us at\ able despatch, whether or not we could
assent to its chief proposal ; and that which has
just appeared in the !tloniteur on the mediation of
France, Russia, and England in American affairs
nas not disappointed expectation. It puts the sug-
gested iutervention in the best light possible, and
has but one defect—though of this also considera-
tion is taken—that it is almost incredible, under
present circumstances, that the North will accept
it. The despatch commends, with well-earned ,
praise, the courage of both belligerents ; but points
to the sufferings at which the military glory has
been purchased, as a reason why a friendly
nation should venture to speak. Apart from
.the "counterblow,' the sincere friendship of
the EMPEROR would have sufficed to prompt
him to some kindly offer of mediation; but when
the reaction of the war on European industry is
added, of esourse this furnishes additional justifica-
tion for kindly remot:strance. The strict neutrality
which France and other Powers have imposed on
,themselves is still a benevolent neutrality, and
rather requires that we should endeavour to serve
the Darties than assume an attitude which resembles
indifference.
We shovld think even the pert Mr. SEWARD will
hardly venture to deal sarcastically with a pre-
amble like this, or meet it by unworthy inuendoes.
But when he advances to the next steps, the
American Minister will begin, we doubt not, to
.
show his temper. Mr. SEWARD will ,deny what
seems to us on this side the water to be the truth.
He will not acknowledge that things are now nearly
in the same position as when the war began. He
avill point to the Mississippi and the Atlantic ports
nearly all in the hands of the Federals, and the few
remaining ports as likely to fall into them every
day. He will point to Missouri, Kentucky, and
Tennessee as almost wholly brought under Federal
power after the Confederates had taken possession
of them. He will deny that within a brief period
4 some decided advantage may not be gained to turn
the balance and accelerate the conclusion of peace."
He will affirm that the very time is now come for
Nhich he has long been making preparation, and
that the 'unboats he has been diligently building
111, throvh the rising of the waters in the rivers,
It able to giv,e him a very decided advantage in all
the most isPori.ant of the slave States. He will
add that he has further me3sures in contemplation
which will shoe that
strategic considerations would
be seriously interfered with by the French Mini-
ster's proposal.

Instead of its not
any "strategical objection, Mr, possible to find
SEWAED would
say the. did prudence permit him hull to disclose the
plans of the War-office and
f his General, M.
DitouYN DE L'HUYS would learn
that such objec-
tions were both numerous and weighty, We can-
not, in fairness, deny that even t: ns h
to be so. We strongly suspect that the Northernhey appear
States were very much like what -Englai
nt, hits Bo
fra•quently been at the beginning of a
war—at a
disadvantage in their preparations. Uountrie
s of
great substnntial resources like England theand
Northern Sta,'es of America naturally show their
strength most when countries of more limited means
begin to find themst. lves exhausted. France and
Russia. were both wort; out in the Crimean war
when England had becoine stronger than eve].
Now we do think it probable that /his is just the
state of things in the North. The South,. like
Russia, completely shut out from the eivilised
world its cotton rotting in its sheds, is in want of
everything—the North, which could afford to send
us more than a million quarters of excellent corn in
Scp,`ember alone, of course wants nothing that Eng-
land can supply.
This should remind M. DROUYN DE L'HUYS that
if the North means to impose its own terms on the

Cotton States, even supposing it to concede their
independence, it •ould least of all afford to give up
the blockade. Whatever may be said against com-
mercial blockades, it cannot be denied that they are,
in the present state of commerce and civilisation,

most efficient means of reducing a country to great
distress. Probably the South, at this moment,
suffers far more from the blockade than from all the
armies of the North. The combined results of the
continued blockades, and the presence of gunboats
on all the rivers, must be a very substantial' gain
for the North ; and it can hardly be supposed that
Americans should not be much more sanguine of
what the results will be than we are in Europe.
Under all these circumstances we cannot doubt that
the proffered mediation of the three Powers would
be promptly, probably courteously, but still decid-
edly refused.
When the French Minister speaks of "favour-
able dispositions towards peace, which are begin-
ning to manifest themselves in the North as well as
in the South." We do not know whether he refers
to special Government information, in addition to
such facts as those with which we are all familiar,
If the latter, we do not think much of those indica-
tions. The successes of the Democrats is a very
equivocal indication. In the North their votes,
worthless as their quality is, nearly equalled in mere

numbers, those for Mr. LINCOLN at his election.

We refer, of course, to the " popular vote," not to
that of the electoral college. They were then

willing to separate from the Democrats of the

South, though certain by doing so, to lose
all the "spoils of offices" for their party. Ws
can hardly think that the Democrats who
then hazarded all things rather than concede to the
South unqualified power over the territories, will
now turn round and give up the point which they
adhered to two years ago, at the risk of all which
has followed. We strongly suspect that the De-
mocratic party can hardly be more desirous of
peace than was, perhaps is, Mr. LINCOLN himself ;
but like him they make the Union their idol.
Indeed it was with just that threat the Southern
Democrats reproached the Northern Democrats
when the great split took place between the two
sections of the party, at the Charleston convention,
called to name their candidate for the Presidency.
The Democrats in regard to war wish to preserve
the Union " whole and indivisible," but differ from
the Republicans chiefly in respect to slavery. A
large part, probably a majority of the Republicans,
would like to see the war and slavery end together.
The Democrats would all prefer that the war

should spare slavery. One reason for this is that
all the Irish, and the canaille of the Northern
towns, who constitute the strength of the Demo-
crats, are dreadfully afraid of the freed negroes
coming north, and competing with free labourers.

The Democratic successes will, therefore, probably
do more to check anti-slavery action than to check

the war.

Thus much we may say for the proposal of the
French Minister we do not see that any injury
could result from England's being prepared to ex-
press approbation of its spirit. He is of course
right, when he says that it would be at least
honourable for the European nations to appear in
the character of peacemakers. It must not be,
however, in any mode which is incompatible with
our dignity. The specific proposals of France are
such as, were we in Mr. SEWARD'S place, we
should not think of entertaining. With this
belief it would scarcely be consistent with self-
respect to propose them. But with the general
proposal to proffer our united mediation, we might,
if it would please France, perhaps concur. At
present it appears to us, however, that it would be
L wholly useless.

If Mr. COBDEN be correct in his calculations as
to the extent of the destitution now desolating the
North of England, all the efforts that have yet been
made for the relief of the operatives in Lancashire
and the adjoining counties, constitute, as compared
with the misery they are intended to relieve, but as
a drop in the ocean of our difficulties. To sum up
the estimate of the Member for Rochdale, in wages
alone, the factory people were already losing, ac-
cording to his view of things—were already losing,
when he spoke upon the subject to his assembled
constituents—at the rate of £7,000,000. That, we
repeat, in wages alone! And before the winter has
passed, Mr. COBDEN is bold enough to announce it
as his conviction, that the rate of loss (in wages
alone), will reach the frightful aggregate of
£10,000,000. Recollecting the sums that have already
been massed together, and expended as soon as col-
lected—it must be apparent at a glance that the
exertions still to be made in behalf of the suffering
operatives must altogether surpass anything at all
yet attempted. If ever there was need for deter-
mination and promptitude it is now. Mills by
' scores and scores all over the northern counties are
closed. Chimneys in hundreds are smokeless. The
manufacturers of every grade, from the millowners
to the millworkers, and intermediately crowds of
hitherto well-to-do clerks and their families, are
waiting idle for months past—eking out (the em-
ployees at least) their poor resources with as much
ingenuity as may be in any way practicable. The
pawnshops in all the great manufacturing towns
have been long since filled to repletion with
the little goods and chattels (consisting,
for the most part, of clothes and furniture)
that could ia any way be converted, after this
fashion, into ready money. Precisely at the very
season when comforts are most requisite, the hum.
bler classes in these afflicted districts are left
utterly destitute and abandoned, seemingly, to
mere chance assistance. It is a spectacle that would
be, in every way, most alarming, but for our know-
ledge of two facts full of encouragement. First, the
abounding benevolence of the English People them-
selves in cases like these of great emergency. Second-
ly, the profound sen se of responsibili tyweighin g upon
the consciences of our Administrators in regard to
the discharge of the duties devolving upon them in
their Administrative character, by reason of this
same dire emergency. Under the mercy of Heaven,
the operatives of Lancashire will have no reason
for panic—sustained on either hand, as they are
certain to be throughout, by the rest of the Nation,
and by the Government. Only—relying
upon this
double guarantee that the difficulty will really be
adequately met, we must in no particular what-
ever relax in our efforts ; or in our advocacy of
these still advancing and increasing subscriptions.
A new and notable incentive to assiduity in the
endeavour to promote the growth of these still open
subscriptions, has just now, as we rejoice to know,
been imparted to the cause we have all so dearly at
heart—an incentive of a practical, far-spread, and
widely
tlydaknisetributed character. We mean, of course,
in saying this, that those municipal changes which
English co
place within the last few days not
only in London
fnneatn:naropno.eraotriiontwo other of the more
important towns and • • •
es
cities
nna:thGcehraevnat Britain, but
iannereortYber
ex ura. lly various
uosf
munici-
palities—changes mayors
Th t additional motive that nat
additional motive to
ive introduce
exertion in
modern society;
soPcniePta
lar interests !
great actuating principles Of the being one
setting all the wheels of modern civilisation in y'
mo-
tion (Mr. Disita ELI has gone so fur recently as to
regard it as the motive power of the whole complex
machinery) the spirit of emulation I With that

ready eye far the recognition of things as they are
—not alone apparently, but intrinsically—for which
Mr. COBDEN has been remarkable for years and
years past among his contemporaries, endowed as
he is so bountifully with that very high order of
genius, the Genius of Common Sense—he recognised
upon the instant the reasonable probability of ad-
vantages at once being likely to accrue from these
changes of Mayors throughout the land ! In other
words, from this opportune influence of the spirit of
emulation in the efforts now making in favour of the
manufacturing operatives. For the justification of
this sanguine hope—first articulated by Mr. COB-
DEN at Rochdale--we now look trustingly to Lord
Mayor ROSE and to the provincial Mayors, his con-
temporaries.

Very earnestly do we trust that the terrible story
just brought to this country across the Atlantio
from Palmyra, in Missouri, may prove on inquiry
to be monstrously exaggerated, if not entirely a
hideous fabrication. Supposing the account as it
comes to us, and we give it in detail elsewhere in
our impression of this evening, supposing unhappily
it should eventually turn out to be true—General
BUTLER may indeed be regarded as having been alto-
gether eclipsed. This his reported rival in cruelty
and brutality being one General M‘NEIL—a per-
sonage -.who, if not maligned by these appalling
imputations, is likely to take rank in history, not
like BUTLER and HAYNAU, but with some such
ruthless perpetrator of refined cruelty as—the
NANA SAHIB. According to the particularly
circumstantial and detailed narrative related in
regard to these reported acts of General M'NEIL,
at Palmyra, in Missouri—ten absolutely innocent
men been inhumanely put to death in cold
blood for an offence attributed to another ! An
offence over which not one of these ten is shown to
have had any control whatsoever —the non-ap-
pearance, namely—within a given time of a
man named ANDREW ALLSMAN—these ten abso-

lutely innocent men being for this reason shot

to death under circumstances of singular inhu-
manity. ANDREW ALLSMAN had disappeared
during the Confederate occupation. What had
become of him nobody at Palmyra knew on
the return of the Federals. He may have
been long since dead. He may have been taken
prisoner. He may have fled voluntarily. General
M'NEIL knows not in the least what may have
become of him—but irritated by ALLSMAN's
disappearance, he the General issues his arbi-
trary decree, that unless he return by a
certain date, ten other men shall die the death.
It seems incredible. It reads like the mandate of
a madman, or of a demoniac. It is stated, how-
ever, quite formally. The names of the victims
of the atrocity are enumerated. The crime itself
is elaborately described. For, ALLSMAN not re-
turning by the appointed day and time—the ten
expiators of his absence were, we read, led out

with a horrible ceremoniousness, and shot accord-
ingly. Conducted, with ten coffins, in a waggon,
to a chosen spot in which the deed was to be
done—the ten men were arranged in due order,
each seated upon his allotted coffin, and
there killed in the manner following :
" Thirty soldiers of the 2d M.S.M. were drawn up
in single line, extending north and south, facing
the row of coffins. This line of executioners ran
immediately at the east base of the pagoda, leaving
a space between them and the coffins of 12 or 13
paces. Reserves were drawn up in line upon

either flank of these executioners. The arrange-
ments completed, the doomed men knelt upon the
grass between their coffins and the soldiers,
while the Rev. R. M. RHOADES offered up a
prayer." Afterwards seated upon their coffins they
met death at the hands of the soldiery—nearly all
of them immediately. The details given in the
Palmyra Courier is needless to repeat here. We
still cling to the hope, however, that the account is
from first to last, if not absolutely untrue, at any
rate very cruelly exaggerated.

Our readers will see that again the success is
with the artillery in the battle between guns and
iron plates. Mr. WHITWORTH is the conqueror.
His merits, long kept in the shade by departmental
officialism, have at last forced themselves into notice.
The Warrior is now to a certainty not invulnerable ;
she could resist the heaviest batteries of shot from
Armstrong guns, but Mr. WHITWORTH can send
through, not his shot merely, but his shells also, to
burst between decks. The only deduction to be
made at present from what is desired is, that
he cuts the iron plate, if a good one, with too
clean a hole, instead of shattering it beyond the
possibility of temporary repair, and that the re-
quisite strength of the shell leaves too little room
for the bursting charge of powder. As the main
object is so thoroughly accomplished there seems
little doubt that ere long all the rest will follow.
At present Mr. WHITWORTH could enable the
Warrior to sink La Gloire with impunity, but in
the present state of scientific and mechanical know-
ledge it is not likely that foreign countries will be
long without guns as good as England can produce.
In the first experiment, a 120-pounder, a shell
of 1511 b weight, and a charge of 271 b. of powder
were used. The shell, at the distance of 800 yards,
went through a five inch plate, eighteen inches
of teak, and an inner coating of iron of an inch
thick; it seems to have been timed so as to burst in
passing through. A second similar shell again
passed through, bursting apparently in the teak.
A solid steel shot of 1301 b went through the target,
and fell inside the box which was constructed to
resemble the " between decks"of a ship.
The 70-pounder was tried at 600 yards. It did
almost as much as the 120-pounder. It sent the
shell through the Warrior plate and wood, and
burst just inside the inner iron skin. Another
went quite through, and burst inside. Indeed, the
success of the numerous trials made was perfect,
so far as respecte piercing the strongest side with
which any vessel could float at sea. The demon-
stration is complete, that 70-pounders, guns a ship
at sea can well carry, will send even a shell with a
bursting charge of 3 lbs. 12 oz. of powder, through
anything afloat. Surely we oaght to proceed very
slowly in our shipbuilding operations while the ex-
periments stand•as they now do.

THE LATE LORD MAYOR. It is a noteworthy
circumstance that during the mayoralty of Mr. Cubitt con-
siderably more than a quarter of a million money in the
whole flowed spontaneously into the Mansion-h
time to time towards one public object or another. The
fromfigures, as they appear in the official records, are subjoined.
During the first year, including the severe winter of 1860-
61, £2,681 was received, and afterwards expended in re-
lieving 3,609 persons and families. The public subscrip-
tion for the relief of the distress in India consequent upon
the famine began on the 28th of March, 1861, and closed
on the 25th of October in that year, resulting in a fund of
£114,000 odd, and in the relief of the suffering which fol-
lowed so closely on the heels of the mutiny. Again, the
public subscription which was commenced under Mr.
Cubitt's auspices on the 14th January last, and is still open,
t-wards the erection of a national memorial of the Prince
Consort, now exceeds £53,000. Towards the relief of the
widows and orphans of the unfortunate men who perished
in the deplorable calamity at Hartley Colliery, £20,863 odd
was paid into the hands of the late Lord Mayor between the
25th January last and the 22d of March, barely two months.
For the surviving relatives of the men who lost their lives
by a similar catastrophe at Gethin, 1,245 WAS subscribed
between the 27th of February and the 21st of April. Lastly,
9.n.,,Slturday when Mr. Cubitt's tenure of office expired, the
Lancashire eai2sshoir,ec
.Relief Fund at the Mansion-house amounted
4316,77,4 t in round. numbers ; makinF a grand total of
yea. which £200,098 was subscribed in the present

LATEST NEWS.

THE BANK OF FRANCE.

PARIS, Nov. 14.

The iffonifeur of this morning publishes the usual
monthly retuxn of the Bank of France, which shows
the following. .results, as compared with the October

return :

Cash in hand ..
Treasury bah 'nye ..

DECREASE.

INCREASE.
Bills discounted, not yet due

,ank-notes

France.

461 millions.
7 1-9 millions.

.. 86i millions.
.. 40i- millions.
.. 11f millions.
.. 181 millions.

Current accou att

Advances

BRUSSELS, Nov. 13.

The Government presented to the Chambers to-
day a complete programme of the measures which
it proposes to introduce during the present session.
The principal of these bills are for the revision of
the militia law's, the founding of scholarships for
poor students,, 'a grant of 1,000,000 f. for the build-
ing of schoo'ls, another of 500,000, for works of
communal utility in the towns suffering from the
cotton crisis,l4nd a grant of 400,000 f. in augments-
Lion of the annual subsidy for primary instruction.
Bills will also be introduced for the repression of
electoral frauds, the War Budget, the Ways and
Means, the Budget for the Ministry of Justice for
1863, and other less important

ATHENS, Nov. 9.

The Turkish Envoy has protested against the
demand made by the Provisional Government on
Greeks residing in all countries to send deputies to
the Greek Chambers.

The Porte, on the other hand, recognises the
passports signed by the Provisional Government.

FRANCE.
PARIS, Nov. 13.

BOURSE, Nov. 13.—The improvement which took
place in the tone of the market yesterday has
vanished to-day, and business has become again
heavy. Threes, for the Account, have receded to
70fr. 60c. The Railway Share Market has been
also depressed, but without, up to the present time,
any very considerable decline. The market closed
as follows :

41 per Cents. 9B
Do. end month
3 per Cents
Do. end month 7O 70
New 3 per Cents
Do. end month —
Credit Mobilier 1142 50
Do. end month 1147 50
RAIL'

• Bank Shares 3340 --
• Credit Fond er 1302 50
Piedmontese Fives 72 30
I Italian Loan 72 35
• Roman ....
• Austrian
Spanish Threes —
Home Debt
WAYS.

Cash. Account.
Orleans lO5O .. 1050
Northern
New ditto
Lyons and Mediterranean 1153 75 .. 1165
Geneva 352 50 ..
Southern
Western
Eastern .. .. 535 .. 535
Sardinian
Austrian
Lore bard
North of Spain
Saragossa .. 632 50 .. 633 75
Ditto to Barcelona 350 .. 340

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, Nov. 11.

Yesterday the sitting of the Lower Chamber of
the Reichsrath was of short duration, though the
subjects discussed were of interest. The house
voted 8,865,338f1. for the Naval Department, and
at the same time censured the Government for
having expended 400,000f1. more during the
year 1862 than had been granted. In fact, the
conduct of ;the Cabinet was declared to be un-
constitutional. By the report of the Com-
mittee of Finance it ie to be seen that the proposed
outlay for the Foreign Department is 2,569,500f1.,
which is 74,882f1. less than in 1862. The sum
demanded for the Hungarian Chancellerie is
13,109,100 ff ; that for the Transylvanian Chan cellerie
3,451,0001 ; and that for the Croato-Slavonian

Chancellerie 2,179,70011. The Police Department
will cost the country 2,659,80011. ; and the Ministry
of Commerce and Agriculture 1,359,70011. Ten
persons will form a Committee for the minage-
ment and control of the National Debt, and it is
agreed that five of them shall be chosen by the
Lower and five by the Upper House. In as far as
the Lower Chamber of the Reiehsrath is concerned,
the question relative to the Bank is settled, but it
is morally certain that some of the conditions pro-
posed will be rejected by the representatives of the
shareholders.

NEW YORK CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

NEW YORK, OCT, 28.

SlR,—Your readers will no doubt have seen be-
fore this reaches London, a copy of the resolutions
or address presented by the Chamber of Commerce
of this city (not of the State of New York, as their
correspondent Mr. Bright named them) referring
to many things in general and to the stated case of
the Alabama in particular.
The document is rather lengthy and discursive,
and as it gives opinions upon subjects and assumes
as facts certain things which, at the same time, are
admitted to be what are called usually " mere mat-
ters of hearsay," I make a remark in reference only
to tii.st resolution, which mentions " the desire of
this Chamber, as it is the interest of all its mem-
bers, to cherish sentiments of amity with the
people of Great Britain, to maintain those cordial
relations which have led to profitable intercourse,
and to strengthen the ties which knit them toge-
ther in mutual courtesy and respect."
These are, it will be admitted, excellent senti-
ments, and it is only to be regretted that this
Chamber has not carried out in practice the theories
and the wishes it enunciates ; because it is a matter
of fact and of history that for the last 18 months,
whatever may be the " wishes and sentiments" of
of this body, no other organisation in America has
bees more constant—to judge by the published re-
ports of the speeches of its members—in endeavours
to stir up, embitter, and originate every circum-
stance and subject which could create in the
minds of the American people against Great Britain
and the British. It is true that in some cases a
minority of this Chamber (insignificant in numbers
but not in commercial position) has endeavoured to
check or modify the anti-British course of debate
and expression—and possibly this may explain the
absence of late of these names of merchants, &c.,
of world-wide reputation, from all the proceedings
except those of mere local technical concern.
In truth and fact, the Chamber of Commerce
of New York appears to have turned into a mere
political organisation, and, as such, has advocated
high tariffs, eulogised and complimented Captain
Wilkes for his lawless outrage upon a British vessel
of commerce, and when the so-called sea fight took
place between the Monitor and Merrimac, and that
the then public opinion in this country had pro-
claimed in its wisdom that the former was a model,
and the best war-ship in " all creation." This
Chamber's first action was to request Mr. Ericsson
to furnish plans and estimates for new Monitors
that would pass up the canals, &c., to the lakes:;
and when he announced that he could build a war
steamer that might destroy all the shipping in the
River Thames and return safe again, this senti-
ment was greeted with the loudest cheers of the
members of that Chamber, which now—because a
privateer (or war-ship) of another country, or sec-
tion of a country, has carried into practice the theo-
retical right which the United States only defended
at the Congress of Paris—volunteers to lecture the
Government and people of Great Britain upon
alleged breaches of neutrality for which there ap-
pears no further foundation thin its own assertion
and opinion.
I had no wish to comment upon the domestic
affairs or political organisations of this country,
but when this Chamber of Commerce volunteered
to address my countrymen upon such matters as
those referred to, it appeared to me desirable that
they should be made acquainted with, or reminded
of, the course pursued by it as to Great Britain and
the British.—l am, &c.,
A BRITISH TRAVELLER.

se
tt.
- 4 ft
. Ai*
r, •
- •

THE SUN.
LONDON, FRIDAY, NOV. 14, 1862.