The Sun.
London, England, 1862-09-08 00:00:00

THE SUN, LM4111.01.141, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEM.BER 8, 1862.

THE SUN.

LONDON, MONDAY, SEPT. 8, 1862.

The most industriously circulated calumny of the
Americans against the mother country will surely
be heard no more. President LINCOLN has him-
self refuted it. It ran thus, that England was
•' guilty of damnable hypocrisy,"—such was the
language of an official man—in pretending to any
concern for negro emancipation, since she looked
coldly on the North. In every form this calumny
has been repeated ; our inconsistency has been
bitterly denounced again and again. It has been
alleged that we must have a special spite against
the North, because we declined, as a Government,
to take her part more than that of the South; and
because with all our professed antipathy to slave-
holders, we could not withhold our admiration for
the skill and courage with which, under the greatest
difficulties, the South had sustained its defence.

Mr. LINCOLN has, however, set the matter for
ever at rest. The North, he distinctly says, is
fighting for the Union and for nothing else. His
friend, • Mr. HORACE GREELY, publishes a long
letter to him in his journal, I'ke Tribune, and
claiming to write in the name of twenty millions of
people argues, at length, for the necessity of an
Emancipation policy. Mr. GREELY is not only a
Personal friend of Mr. LINCOLN'S, but a very
influential man in the Republican party which
elected him. Mr. LINCOLN, therefore, who seems
to have not a touch of the Royal indifference to
What 'people write, nor anything like sa much
83 an English Premier, actually answers the letter
—just as the other day he made a speech at a public
meeting at. Washington. Mr. LINCOLN opens his
whole political heart to his old friend, and the
avowal is unmistakeable—in the last sentence he
says that his personal wish is that " all men every-
where' 'could be free." Perhaps half the South
itself would say as much. But his letter, in every
conceivable form of iteration, says—The Union is
the idol of my policy. If the partial abolition, or
the entire abolition of slavery would save the Union,
then partially or wholly- abolish it. If the reten-
tion of slavery would save it, then leen slavery.
The Union is his Alpha and Omega, and slavery is
to be dealt with without the slightest regard to
negro, rights; it is to be weighed in the Union
bal‘tnees, and judged of by the Union entirely.
And yet there are English journals who affect to
rebuke all who have long seen through the utter
hollowness of Northern pretensions. Not, indeed,
that it required any particular sharpness of vision
to do so. We'cannot say that the North ever said
or did anything at variance with the policy marked
out by l'ar. LINCOLN. The Anti-slavery cloak was
only thrown over the Union policy When England
was to be abused. Some things have, indeed, been
done to mortify the democratic party, and to rid the
North of some of its disgraceful homage to l
El Emery,
but nothing whatever has proclaimed the slightest
sympathy of the powers that be, in the North, with
negro emancipation—negro expatriation is rather
their cry. For this the Congress votes money, for
this the PRESIDENT makes speeches, and for this
expeditions are organised to New Grenada, to carry
the blacks to its coal mines—negroes and coals are
the PRESIDENT'S negro policy. As to negroes and
freedom, his treatment of FREMONT and HUNTER,
and his approval of HALLECK, have been evidence
enough of his views.
The war, then, is what we are thrown back on
as his means of restoring union between the dis-
severed portions of the Union. Though, how it is
politically to reunite them, no one yet has attempted
to show. Nothing but victory, conquest, and sub-
jugation seem to be thought of; the question how,
if conquered, the forced union is to become a unity
is not even mentioned. What shall be the issue of
the war, is a question which present appearances
make it more difficult than ever to answer. The
full Particulars of the late fights which have arrived
to. day tell both ways. If the Confederates were
successful in attacking POPE and harassing his
retreat, POPE
en the other hand succeeded in joining
he great body
of the Federal forces. Again, though

the Federals have united their forces on the north
of the Rappahannock, their enemy is attacking them
at so many points along their line, that they know
not where he will attempt to cross the river and to
cut their line. The Federals ought now to be
strong encugh for the attack and advance, but
they seem afraid to make it. They do not know
where the terrible " Stonewall" JACKSON is, and
they cannot hazard leaving him in their rear or
flank, for aught they know. The Confederates
have failed to take POPE in flank ; but by one of their
clever raids, 12 miles in his rear, they have not
failed to get possession of his whole staff equip-
ments—spare horses, papers, plans of the campaign,
militarycorrespondence—and a considerable amount
of Mr. CHASE'S " greenbacks !" It is even sup-
posed by the Federals that they will have to change
the plan of their campaign, on account of the know-
ledge of their plans which General LEE has thus
acquired.
We cannot therefore venture to prophesy as
things now stand. Virginia has become again the
grand theatre of action. If the Confederates cannot
succeed there now, they know that a month or two
hence their work will be yet more difficult. Hence
their present vigorous efforts on the offensive. Time
is gain to the North under present circumstances;
and both parties know it. So determined have the
Cnnfederates been that probably Washington has
just been in greater danger, if indeed it has yet
escaped it, than ever since the war began. The
position, therefore, at the moment of the last des-
patches was—the South eager to fight, the North
desirous to avoid fighting, and to await reinforce-
ments—both separated only by a river: Any day
we may hear of a fearful attack by the South on
the North.

A Consultation of Physicians at Spezzia on
Thursday last looks ill. It increases our anxiety
as to the health of General GARIBALDI instead of
allaying it. And the decision arrived at, after ma-
ture deliberation, by the Italian Doctors, while it is
partially reassuring, is only partially reassuring.
After probing the principal wound, they arrive at
the conclusion that there is no bullet lodged there
requiring extraction. The fear had been that the
ball had penetrated and lay there, deepseated, in the
flesh—endangering life if left there. Bruising and
tearing through the upper portion of the thigh, it
was supposed that this fatal rifle-ball had glanced
upwards (having been fired from below by one of
the Bersaglieri) and had pierced the groin. Happily
the physicians think otherwise. They have exa-
mined both wounds carefully, and have come to the
decision here intimated in regard to the upper
wound, that there is no bullet at all to be extracted.
So far—the tidings are good as to the result of
Thursday's consultation. But, unhappily, that is
by no means all the news brought to us in regard
to the state of the wounded hero now stretched upon
his couch of suffering in the fortress of Va'rignano.
The lower wound—the wound in the foot, appears
to be as severe in its way as it was last week believed
to be. The upper part of the ankle is torn and
shattered—the flesh torn, the very hone shattered.
The fracture is that of the right malleolus of the
tibia—that is a splintering of the protuberent ex-
tremity of one of the principal bones of the leg. It
is a fracture, consequently, of one of the principal
bones of the leg at its point ofjunction with one of the
most complex and delicate joints in our anatomy—
where the bones of the ankle cluster above the arch,
or almost we might call it the osseous dome of the
foot, for the arching of it is in all directions. Know-
ing
thus the position and extent of this wound in the
foot of the Italian ACHILLES, we cannot much mar-
vel when we hear that GARIBALDI cannot stand, can-
not even stir without bodily anguish—that fever has
set in—that, lying there prostrate, the lion-hearted
patient maintains an almost unbroken silence—
evidently suffering bitterly both in mind and body.
There is no danger, says the physicians, after con-
sulting together on Thursday—there is no "danger,"
but it will take a long time to effect a cure ! Re-
membering the fatal consequences before now of
bringing together a group of Italian Doctors—it is
with some little anguish that we receive these tidings
about GARIBALDI ! We recall to mind how CAVOUR
slipped through their hands at Turin. We remem-
ber how—nearer home than Turin and Spezzia—
illustrious patients have passed away somehow,
needlessly, avoidably, from the very multiplicity of
their medical advisers, coupled with an apparently
paralysing sense the while among these medi-
cal advisers of the value of the life entrusted to
their care and skill. Enough, when sorrowful
mention has here been made of the late Sir ROBERT
PEEL, and more recently of his Royal Highness the
late PRINCE CONSORT. It will be a direful day,
however, under existing circumstances, for GARI-
BALDI'S captors, if anything serious should befal the
Hero, struck down by dastardly rifle shots upon
the height of Aspromonte.
It would be a simplification of course in one way
of the Government Difficulty just now in Turin
—were there no GARIBALDI to be tried ! But it ,
1
would be a very serious and perilous sim-
plification, we may be quite certain of
that. Better for Italy, for the Italian
King; 'and 'for 'the Italian Parliament, if GARI-
BALDI were to pass ' from the public scene
there into Exile than if he were to disappear
I into his Grave. As the Ministerial difficulty
stands even now in reference to GARIBALDI,
it would seem that RATTAZZI and his col-
leagues are fairly puzzled what to do with the
State prisoner. After all this late talk about bring-
ing the
General before a High Court of Justice
a charge Treason, e of High
uponit has now been de-
cided that there shall be, no Civil trial whatever of I
GARIBALDI or of his Garibaldians. One and all of
them—to the number oe Boma three, thousand—
are to be brought, it is asserted, before mili-
tary tribunals : even GARIBALDI himself ! Bat
—not surely npoa a charge of High Treason !
Scarcely could GARIBALDI and his followers be
arraigned as Traitors before any Military. Tribunal!
A proceeding like that would if you will be leas
Majeste—and a violation too, not of the majesty of
the Crown, but of that of which the Crown itself is
but the symbol, viz., of the majesty of the law. The
civilised nations of Europe Could not stand by 'and
see it done. The Trial of GARIBALDI at all would,
in any c at once, a ase, be nothing less than,
mon-
strous farce, a monstrous crime on the part of the
Italian Glove -lat all, it
Government. Bat, if attemptet,
ought, at least, to be eide and
done perfectly en r-,7 7
not by a violation of all the natural rights of man
in civilised communities. In any way that it may
possibly be regarded, it was the veriest yuet-apens
that affair at Aspromonte. GARIBALDI found him-
self there, when all was Over, struck down—
mutilated, bleeding, and incapable - •
of rising to his
feet in a mountain pass that proved to be a
cul de sac where ho and his followers were
trapped and captured, like so many run-away
galley-slaves, by the remozs'eless
Bersaglieri
of Colonel PALLAVICINO. How the shooting and
bayonetting went, in that deadly conflict, we may
now recognise rather more clearly
than could possibly be done before
now. Scattered about, when the last shot was fired
and the last bayonet stab inflicted, there were'.
found hors de combat at Aspromonte—among the
Royalists, in killed and wounded, some 212—among
the Garibaldians, not less than 600 ! GARIBALDI
being amongst those 600, and the fight having

lasted some four hours altogether, and the Bersa-
glierie who were actually engaged having
thousands of comrades ready to be brought
up to their aid if such had proved to be in
any way necessary, from the direction of
Reggio, where CIALDINI had his head• quarters—we
cannot seriously wonder that the Redshirts saw
that their opportunity was wholly gone by—de-
livering themselves up to the number, in all, it is
said, of 2,200 prisoners ! Quelled though the move-
ment is for the time being, and quelled thus effec-
tually, the game of civil war is not yet wholly
played out. Anarchical results are still upon the
cards as possibilities. Everything depends now
upon what may happen to GARIBALDI.

Sheffield heard one side from its most distin-
guished representative a short time ago, on Thurs-
day it heard the other from its honest and hard-
working representative, Mr. HADFIELD. The hon.
member intimated on the previous occasion that he
would take another time to state his views on the
great question of the day—probably he felt little
disposed, sensible man as he is, to try his powers
of interesting an audience who had listened to the
Premier and Mr. ROEBUCK. But he also doubtless
preferred not to get up any discussion on that
occasion. Mr. HADFIELD sympathises far more
with the North than Mr. ROEBUCK does. He does
not seem, like Mr. ROEBUCK, to have lost his
earlier admiration of the Americans. He deplores
the calamity which has fallen upon the Union-
ists, who have already spent £245,000,000
on the war, and called forth 1,300,000
soldiers out of a population of less than
20,000,000. He mourns over the change which
has befallen them since our Prince of WALES
visited the country, and American acclamations
and only asks on our pert, "patience, forbearance,
and even forgiveness," in the time of their bitter
calamity. A request which the assembled cutlers
received with cheers. He warmly commends Lord
RUSSELL'S policy and despatches, and taking the
reverse view to Mr. ROEBUCK, asks what is to be-
come of the slave-trade if there be a separation,
and how is the boundary line to be drawn.

There may be difficulty in answering Mr.
HADFIELD'S questions, but there are certainly
greater difficulties in answering the opposite one—
what is to become of the country if no
boundary line can be found, and if it is to be
governed again as one country. As to the Slave-
trade, we should think, there would be no difficulty
in this country's refusing to recognise the Confede-
aate flag, except under a treaty for the suppression
of the slave tade, similar to that now in force in the
North, and it would not be difficult to obtain such
such a treaty, as a permanent one, not revocable,
except by consent of both parties ; we should say
too, of procuring an agreement for ever, that the
slave-trade should, by both flags,be treated as piracy.
The " breeding States"—infamous as their trade is,
and Virginia herself among them, would all be
ready to assent to such a treaty. As to the boun-
dary line, they must be as content as the nations
on the smaller continent of Europe with lines of
demarcation fixed by treaty merely—with such a
line as now separates a great part of British Ame-
rica from the States. That is the business of the
inhabitants. The consent of the governed is, the
Americans themselves say, the basis of Government
—it could be no very difficult task to ascertain to
which Confederation the people of any State or dis-
trict wished to unite themselves.
Sir JOHN RAMSDEN, like most of us, now seems
to have made up his mind that restoration of the
Union is hopeless; and, therefore, to desire rather
that the Northerns themselves may soon see the
advantage of an early termination of the war :
" He trusted that the day might soon come—for a
happy one it certainly would be for them—when
the mists of passion would have faded away from
their eyes, when they would see how little there was
for them to cherish in that ill-assorted Union for
which they had already sacrified so much—sacri-
not money alone, not blood alone, but the most pre-
cious guarantees of their freedom. He trusted the
day would not be far distant when the Americans
would see the truth which had been obvious to us
for so long, that there is a great field open for both
of the contending parties if they would only consent
to put an end to this fratricidal strife, and contend
only in the generous rivalry of peace. There
remained for us but one conclusion, and it
was this, that while we had bsen no parties
to the strife—by no act of ours had it been set
agoing, by no wish of ours had it been prolonged—
and if it should happily come to an end he believed
the Americans themselves would acknowledge that
the people of England had set before them the
great rule of justice in their conduct as regarded
both parties in this civil war : that they had de-
termined to follow a perfect neutrality, and to be as
friendly as possible to both sides in the contest."
In one thing all the speakers agreed at Sheffield
as they do elsewhere in commending the patience
and heroism of our unfortunate sufferers in Lanca-
shire.

We observe that at a meeting yesterday of some
delegates from America, who came over to a meet-
ing of the Sunday School Union, the message they
were sent home with was just the one which most
Englishmen would have given them. The Ameri-
can delegates were allowed to retrace all the
anti-slavery doings of Mr. LINCOLN, and to re-
peat, again and again, that this was a war really
for the abolition of slavery; but when they
had done were plainly told the views
which Englishmen take of the subject. A
Mr. PRATT reminded them that Mr. LINCOLN
wanted the black men to leave the country, that he
had always averred that ho would sacrifice the
question of slavery to preserve the Union ; but
he would, if he could, preserve them both. That
was not the principle to come to England
for sympathy with. Let them boldly state
that at all risks they will abolish slavery, and
this country would then assist them and pray for
their success. But the chairman, Mr. W. W. Wat-
son, solicitor, told them the truth of the case, in
closing the meeting, in a few words, he said, "their
American friends were mistaken when they thought
the Christian people of this country were not sym-
pathising with the North. The fact was, their
feelings were so strong on the subject that they felt
the North
doubted their sincerity
was
forn the
gfarabenoloiutigon of
even
h,anslclave
ry.
They could bear no flinching on a question so near
their hearts, and where any hesitation
appeared
their affections were withheld. He hoped this
feeling would be conveyed to their American
friends across the Atlantic."

ARRIVAL OF THE PRINCF or WALES AND PPCE
ALFRED AT 13111ISSELs. --BRE SSELS, Sept. 7.—Their RINoy
Highnesses the Prince of Wales and Prince Alfred arrived
-
here at three p.m. to-day, and were met by the Duke of
Brabant, the Count of Flanders, and the B ritish Minister.
Military honours were paid to their Royal Eighnesses,
whose reception was a brilliant affair. A largo number of
persons were present. The Princes were conveyed to the
Palace at Bruxelles in slate carriages. The Prince of Wales
will be received by the King of Belgium at Lacken.
A CENTENARIAN.—Mr. Robert Davy, a retired
merchmerchant,t, of Countess Weir, near Exeter, died a day or
two
was
a
ago, within a few weeks of a hundred years of age. He
sterling Liberal in days when that term was much
more of a reproach to a man than it is at present, and in
his business and in every relation of life he Was singularly
energetic, very beneveleAt, and useful.

RAILWAY INIELLIGENCE.

SCOTTISH NORTH •EASTERN.

The directors recommend a dividend be declared at the
rate of 5 per cent, per annum, and made payable with the
other dividends on the 25th inst,, leaving a balance of £1396

SHROPSHIRE UNION.

At-the half-yearly meeting of this company which was
held at Shrewsbury on Saturday, a dividend was declared
at the rate of Xi 17s. 6d. per cent. per annum.

PRESTEIGN AND KINGSTON.

A public meeting was held at Presteign on Saturday, Sir
G. C. Lewis in the chair, to promote the formation of a line
of railway from that town to join the Leominster and King-
ston Railway, when resolutions in favour of the project
were passed.

LATEST NEWS.

PARIS, SEPT 8.
The Paris papers of today publish the following
telegram :

" RAGUSA, SEPT. 7.

" The Montenegrins refuse to accept the condi-
tions offered them by the Turks, and, taking ad-
vantage of the present armistice, have instructed
their representative at Constantinople to demand
more favourable terms.

" The Montenegrins are transporting all their
valuable effects to Cattaro."

MADRID, SEPT. 7.

The Government will take very severe measures
against the fomenters of disorder, who throw bombs
in the public streets.

The Correspondencia Autografa asserts that the
Pope would receive the hospitality of Spain, should
he request it.

NAPLES, SEPT. 6.

On account of the state of siege now in force
here, the anniversary of Garibaldi's entry into
Naples will not be celebrated this year. The Mu-
nicipality are considering of distributing among
different charities the 2,000 ducats destined for the
organisation of this fete.

The trial of Mr. Bishop before the Court of As-
size commenced yesterday and will terminate to-day.

MILAN, SEPT. 7.

The press of Lombardy is unanimously in favour
of an amnesty being granted to Garibaldi and his
followers.

The Alleanza of to-day proposes that, in order to
preserve the respect due to the laws, the Italian
municipalities should send an address to the King,
solicitiDg Garibaldi's pardon, " which would then
be an act emanating from the national will."

TURIN, SEPT. 6, Evening.

The Official Gazette of to-day gives a denial to
certain assertions contained in a report from some
Garibaldian officers on the engagement at Aspro-
mante, published by the Diritto.

The Gazzetta di Torino publishes a letter from
the President of the Chamber of Deputies in reply
to some members, wherein he states that he be-
lieves it is not in his power to address an official
question to the Ministry respecting the late arrest
of some members of the Chamber of Deputies.
The bulletin on the health of Garibaldi, pub-
lished to-day, announces that a consultation of phy-
sicians had been held since Thursday last, and that
it has been ascertained there is no ball in the wound.
It will take a long time to effect a cure, but there
is no danger. The physicians who were summoned
to the consultation have left Spezzia.

PARIS, SEPT. 7, EVENING.

Garibaldi suffers, but is going on better. Me-
notti is going on well. Basso, Canzio, and Ric-
ciotto Garibaldi are with him. I learn from Sicily li
that Garibaldi was wounded whilst endeavouring
to prevent a conflict at Aspromonte. He gave orders
not to fire. Pallavicini attacked without waiting.

PARIS, SEPT. 7, EVENING.
The following telegram has been received here :
" BELGRADE, SEPT. 7, EVENING.
"At Ongitza the Turks have commenced firing
upon the Servian inhabitants.
" The latter have not yet replied, but are ready
to engage in conflict.
" The conflagration still continues."

PARIS, SEPT. 6.

La Franee of this evening states that Juarez has
refused to ratify the treaty negotiated with General
Prim, and says :

" The Mexican Government has recommenced
taking vexatious measures against Spain, and it is
his conduct which has decided the Spanish Go-
vernment to assume a more conciliatory policy
towards France for the purpose of constituting in
Mexico a real and durable Government."

The Pays of this evening contains a kimilar state-
ment, and adds that Spain is asserted to have
offered to send a contingent to Mexico, but that
this offer was not accepted by France,

SEPT. 7.

The Moniteur of this morning announces that the
journal La Gironde has received a second warning
for an article upon the defeat Garibaldi, " support-
ing anarchic passions, and insulting both to the
Imperial Government and a Government which is
the friend of France."

CONSTANTINOPLE, SEPT. G.
The conferences on Servian affairs have termi-
nated satisfactorily for the Porte.

The Prince of Montenegro has asked for peace.
The Porte has sent conditions on which it will
accord it to Omar Pasha.

PARIS, SEPT. 7.
The Paris papers of this evening publish the fol-
lowing telegram :
"BELGRADE, Sept. 7.—The conferences at Con-
stantinople on Servian affairs have terminated. The
decision arrived at, however, does not fulfil the ex-
pectations of Servia, and the Prince has resolved
not to accept it. At Oujitza, the day before yes-
terday, the Turks attacked the Servian authorities,
who with difficulty avoided a conflict. This even
fl -.
ing the Servian quarter was entirely set in flames
by the Turks. The fire still continues, The Pre-
fect's palace is also burning."