The Sun.
London, England, 1862-01-20 00:00:00

ThE SUN, -LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 20, 1862.

THE BAHAMAS.

The New York papers publish advises from
Nassau to the 21st ult. A letter of the 15th says :

" The past week has been one of the most excit-
ing ever known in the annals of Nassau. At least,
so says the oldest inhabitant. On the 6th instant
there arrived the schooner Prince of Wales, of Nas-
sau, and a sloop, both loaded with cotton and rice,
having run the blockade at Charleston. On the 7th
inst. the steamer Isabel, formerly the United States
mail packet between Charleston and Havannah,
arrived, loaded with 1,000 bales of cotton, she also
having escaped from Charleston. Her name has
been changed to Ella Warley ; her captain's name
I have been unable to learn, but she was piloted
over Charleston bar by R. Lockwood, one of the best
pilots of that port, and brother to the one who com-
mands the Theodora. She came into port with the
rebel flag at her peak, but since her arrival has
changed owners (a ' bogus' sale, of course), and is now
in port with the English flag flying. On the 9th
inst. the notorious Theodora, Clpt Lockwood, ar-
rived; she was loaded with 600 ba:es of cotton, and
escaped from Charleston how or when I am unable
to ascertain. She flies the rebel flag and laughs at
us. On the 9th inst. also arrived the English steamer
Gladiator, from England, with cargo consisting of
cannon, small arms, blankets, shoes, clothing, medi-
cines, and a large quantity of gunpowder. She
cleared for the coast of Afr;ca, hut from her arrival
here I should say she was somewhat out of her
course. It is said, and I have every reason to be-
lieve the report true, that she has full equipments
for an army of 25,000 men. It is well known and
acknowledged that her cargo is for Jeff. Davis and
Co., and her safe arrival in a Southern port is now,
no doubt, anxiously expected, for her cargo must be
badly wanted, and the vessel would be a valuable
acquisition to the rebel mosquito fleet. How she or
her cargo will get there remains to be seen. Their
plan is, no doubt, to transfer the cargo to smaller
vessels, and let the steamer remain where she is or
return to England.
" On the 11th inst., much to the annoyance of all
Nassau, the United States'steamerFlambeau, Lieut.
W. G. Temple, United States' Navy, commanding,
arrived off the port, and is now at anchor in the
harbour. What her movements are I know not,
neither did I consider it proper or appropriate to in-
quire. It is sufficient to kn•Jw that she is here, that
she is well armed, commanded, officered, and
manned, and that the interests of our country will
be attended to and cared for as far as is in the power
of her commander. I visited and found her a pattern
of discipline, cleanliness, and good order, and re-
flecting great credit on all attached to her.

"Itisan established fact that the inhabitants of
Nassau, from the Governor down to the lowest con-
traband, with the ex( eption of three or four, are
now not only sympathising with, but openly aiding
and abetting, the rebels in their operations against
the Government of the United States. As an in-
stance of it I will mention one case. Two schooners
with coal for the vessels of war of the United States
that may call here from time to time have arrived
in this port, consigned to our consul. He solicited
permission to land the cargoes, which wes refused,
and he was told that no armed vessel of the United
States could receive coal in that harbour, and at the
same time the Theodora was allowed to coal and
undergo repairs without any restraint. What are
we to infer from such conduct ? The consul has re-
monstrated, but all to no purpose."
Another letter of the 16th says :
"An amusing incident occurred a night or two
after the arrival of the United States' steamer
Flambeau, which goes to show that Englishmen be•
lieve us Yankees capable of anything after the
Trent affair. The pilot of the Flambeau anchored
her in the upper part of the harbour, where the
channel is so narrow that the vessel had not room
to swing. Capt. Temple deeming the position an
unsafe one, moved more towards the entrance of the
harbour. As soon as he had done so, a report was
circulated on shore that he intended to go alongside
the Gladiator, and tow her out of the harbour un-
der cover of the night. As soon as this report
reached the ears of the Governor the troops were
ordered under arms and were marched to a water
battery of:four guns, commanding the channel, and
had orders to resist her passage should she make
the attempt; but, as the Flambeau remained at her
anchorage, nothing came of it, and no one was
hurt.' The battery is manned at night, however,
ever since, and will remain so, I suppose, while the
Yankee gunboat remains in the harbour. Nothing
can be imagined more absurd than this conduct on
the part of the Governor of Nassau ; that any sane
man, and one holding a high official position, could
suppose an armed vessel of a friendly Power would
attempt an act such as I have described is the most
ridiculous thing I have ever heard of. He must have
been terribly alarmed, for a vessel was at once de-
spatched to Havannah with a request to the Admi-
ral to come at once, or send such force as would
enable his excellency the Governor to resume his
ordinary habit and enjoy his usual rest, both of
which have been so much disturbed by the presence
of the terrible Flambeau in the waters of Nassau.
The looked•for vessel or rquadron is hourly ex-
pected, and then peace will, I trust, once more
reign in Nassau, and quiet be restored to that now
unhappy village."
A later letter (to the 21st) rays

" More steamers have at the same time during
the last month entered the port of Nassau than at
any previous time. We have now in port her Ma-
jesty's steamer Bulldog, 6 ; HE r Majesty's gunboat
Steady, the United States gunboat Flambeau, the
British steamer Gladiator, and the rebel steamers
Ella Warley and Theodora ; and on Monday morn-
ing the Karnak will be added. It is curi3us to hear
people talk. The Flambeau is here watching the
Gladiator, supposed to have arms and ammunition
for the South, and the Bulldog and Steady watch
the Flambeau, lest she should attempt to cut out
the Gladiator. Our local Government has declared
its determination to keep up a strict neutrality be-
tween the belligerents. A vessel was sent out here
with coal for the United States steamers, it being
intended to make this a coaling depot ; but the Go-
vernor in Council has informed Mr. Whiting,
United States Consul, that no Union steamer will be
permitted to coal in this port ; nor will any rebel
war steamer."

THE _RIPAL AMERICAN TVAR VESSELS

AT ,ouTHA2/17'0.N:

SOUTHAMPTON, JAN. 18.

The Belgian steamer Congres, which put in here
a week or two ago, left to-day for New York. Some
ammunition being amongst ber cargo it was ex-
pected she would have been convoyed some short
distance by the Federal war steamer Tuscarora,
lying here, but she started without such convoy.
The occasional movements of the Tuscarora are
still as mysterious as ever. She left her moorings
on the last occnsicn so suddenly that two of her
officers were left ashore. Even her first lieutenant
does not appear to know the intentions of the com-
mander until the orders of the latter are given.
It is reported that the Sumter is coming up the
Channel. Another Federal man-of-war is expected
here shortly. Pilots live and sleep on board the
Tuscarora, Nashville, and her Majesty's ship Daunt-
less, so as to be ready to take their respective ships
out to sea at a moment's notice.
The officers of the Nashville have expressed them-
selves indignant at the rumour that their ship is
sold, because she will not be able to get away from
Southampton under the Palmetto flag. Some of
the officers of the Tuscarora dined with the Federal
consul, Captain Britton, to day.

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THE DREADFUL COLLIFTP CCIDENT
IN NOBIIIUMBERLAND,

. SHIELDS, SATURDAY, 8 P.M.

I deeply regret to report that after a lengthened I
imprisonment in the bowels of the earth the 215
men and lads still remain close prisoners in Hartley
New Pit. After I left the colliery last night, to
send the telegraphic message from here to Lon-
don, the work for the removal of the rubbish
and broken timber obstructing the shaft went on
briskly, but about 10 o'clock some of the walls of
the shaft gave way and little could be done.
until this was bratticed up. This morning the
working gangs were 33 feet from the engine-drift
of the yard seam, from which it is hoped the unfor-
tunate men and lads will be rescued when reached.
This distance has been reduced to-night to less than
18 feet, and by to-morrow morning, at least, it is
hoped that the obstruction will be removed as far
down as this drift, and the poor fellows, if alive, of
, will be rescued. They
whichhave been t h e r
we
itshevery
ohdo pt
he
ree days. The bodies of
George Sharp and his son, a lad 16 years of age,
and Ralph Robson, three of the five unfortunate
men thrown out of the cage ascending the pit at the
time the broken beam and timber were falling
down, were taken out of the rubbish in the shaft
last night, and have been sent to the upper seam.
A third body not yet ideetified was found this after-
noon, and removed to the same place.
New Hartley Colliery, where this sad disaster has
occurred, is close to the Hartley Junction on the
Blyth and Tyne Railway, and belongs to Messrs.
Carr Brothers. The work is carried on under the
superintendence of Mr. Charles Carr, the head
owner, and Mr. Humble, the resident owner. The
colliery comprises three seams—the high main, the
yard seam, and the low main; but the mining
operations have been recently confined to the low,
or steam coal main. The workings have been car-
ried on by a single shaft passing through the yard
seam, at a depth of about 70 fathoms, and pene
trating to the low seam, which lies about 100
fathoms below the surface. The shaft was
divided into two equal sections by a substantial
wooden brattice running through its entire length.
One half was used as an upcast and the other as a
downcast pit, this arrangement answering the same
purpose in connection with the ventilation of the
mine as the duplicate shafts which are employed in
many collieries. Some time ago a communication
was established between the low mean and the yard
seam independently of the shaft, by means of an
air staple, and within this, on the suggestion of Mr.
Dunn, the Government inspector, a ladder was
pieced so as to afford an easy access from the lowest
to the middle stage of the mine. Another staple
affords a
passage from the high main to the surface,
but between the yard seam and the high main there
appears to be no communication, with the excep-
tion of the shaft. Closely adjoining the shaft, on
the east side, stands a substantial stone structure,
containing the machinery employed for keeping the
pit clear of water. The pumping engine is one of
the largest to be met with in the coal trade, with a
power equal to 400 horses. The beam of this ma-
chine weighed about 40 tons, and measured eight
feet in depth at the middle, by five inches in thick-
ness at the thinnest part.
The accident that killed the five men in the shaft,
and which is imprisoning the 215 men and lads in
the mine, occurred about half-past 10 on Thursday
morning. The
greater body of the miners in the
pit had gone in at 1 o'clock in the morning, and
were just about being relieved to come to bank by
the back shift, which went in at 9 o'clock. In fact,
two sets of men of the first shift had got to bank,
and the third shift was " riding" or coming up the
shaft in the cage, and had got hauled halfway up
when the beam of the pumping engine overhanging
wthaernshinagft
santatphped in two,ebanksuddenly and without any
the projecting outer half,
weighing upwards of 20 tons, following with a
tremendous crash right down the centre of the
shaft. It struck the top of the brattice, and carried
the woodwork and timber, which extended from
the top to the bottom of the shaft, with it down the
shaft. It encountered the ascending cage,bringing
up the eight miners, half way. The survivors of
the party state that they first observed something
shoot past them with a velocity of a thunderbolt,and
presently found themselves overwhelmed by a per-
fect hail of broken beams and planks. The iron
cage in which they were ascending was shattered
shock, and two of the unfortunate
tom pieces
enwe yrbekitlhe
ledohe
spot, and carried far down
among the ruins. Of the remaining six three sur-
vived for some time, and the others were ultimately
rescued. however, Buffered more or less severely
fromthe
1 as well as the privations
All,falingtimber
they were exposed to during the 12 weary hours
that elapsed before assistance could be conveyed to
them. The mass of rubbish completely filled the
lower part of the shaft, so as to cut off, as already
reported, all chance of escape by that egress for the
men and boys employed in the low main. Had they
been confined to that portion of the mine serious
fears might have been entertained for their safety,
considering the rapidity with which the water must
accumulate on the stoppage of the pumping appa-
ratus. It would, however, be in their power to
pass through the staple leading to the yard seam,
and having gained the higher stage of the mine, it
is hoped that they may be able to hold out till as-
sistance can reach them.

The names of the men killed in the shaft are
1
Ralph Robson, George Sharp, George Sharp, aged
years, his son; Robert Berwick, and William
Brown. A beautiful instance of the self-devotion
and simple piety of an interesting section of the
miners was displayed in the pitshaft after this acci-
dent. Two of the men who were knocked out of the
cage were partly buried in the ruins which choked
the shaft. The elder Sharp could be heard praying
among the rubbish where he was buried. Thomas
Watson, who was hanging by the broken cage,
heard the moans and prayers of his unfortunate
companion, and though much bruised by the wood
that had struck him, he dropped himself down the
pump on to the rubbish in which poor Sharp was
buried, and prayed with him until he expired,
though every moment Watson himself expected to
be engulfed where he stood. After Sharp's death,
Watson scrambled back to the cage, where he hung
until 7 o'clock on Thursday evening, when he and
his other two companions were rescued.
Of course, as soon as the accident was known,
messengers were despatched to the neighbouring
collieries, and all the best men connected with them
were sent to the rescue. The gin and jack were
rigged, and wrought by an engine, as also the crab,
wrought by men and horses. It was determined
not to send the timber and rubbish up to the bank,
but to pass it up by means of the gin and jack to the
upper seam, which is not blocked. But on descend-
ing the shaft it was found that only two men could
work at the obstruction at one time, and in doing so
they had to be slung with ropes, and the process is
extremely dangerous and tedious.

During the night of Thursday and the whole of
yesterday the efforts of the men employed in clear-
ing the shaft were continued with unremitting
assiduity. Yesterday and to day the pit was visited
by Mr. Matthias Dunn, the Government inspector,
who remained on the ground a considerabl a portion
of the day; as also by Mr. Hugh Taylor, chairman
of the coal trade ; Mr. John Taylor, of Earsdon ;
Mr. Edward Potter, chairman of the steam coal
trade ; Mr. T. E. Forster, viewer of Seaton Delaval ;
and Mr. Hurst, viewer of Backwortb. These gen-
tlemen made a careful inspection of the state of the
pit, and offered their suggestions as to the most de-
sirable plan of the operations.
Throughout 3 esterday the scene in the neighbour-
hood of the pit was exceedingly touching. The
intelligence of the calamity had become widely dif-
fused throughout the district, and from all quarters,
on foot and by train, parties of men and women,
belonging almost entirely to the mining population,
kept pouring in towards the colliery. In the after-
noon there must have been several thousand persons
of all ages and both sexes on and about the bank.
The great centre of attraction was of course the pit
mouth, and the police had some difficulty in keeping
the bank top sufficiently clear to allow the work to
be efficiently carried on ; but over the whole assem-
blage there reigned an expression of deep sadness

as of people standing, so to speak, under the shadow
of a great disaster.

NEW HARTLEY, 9 P.M.

The intelligence from below is less satisfactory.
Mr. Coulson, master sinker of Durham, an extremely
able men in his line, who has been down the shaft
all day, has sent up a somewhat unsatisfactory re-
port. He states that the obstruction in the shaft
has become more solid and wedged together as
they get down. The men imprisoned below were
heard during the course of this morning working,
and as the pitmen term it " jowling." in the shaft.
The noise ceased during the day; and to-night se-
veral attempts were made to signal them from
above the mass of obstruction, but no reply was
obtained. But it has been explained that, as the
men would not go out of the seam to work at the
obstruction in the shaft, they have probably re-
moved all they could, and then retired more into
the workings. The managers of the pit are con-
fident that there is not the least cause for alarm,
unless they should suffer from the effects of foul
air. The excitement is increasing in the neigh-
bourhood, and to-night, upon which the fate of the
poor fellows seems to hang, will be a very anxious
perious in this mining district. Everything that
skill and courage can do will be done by the miners
to rescue them alive. It was hoped that food
might have been got down to them to night, but it
seems that the pump through which it was hoped
it might pass is broken.
SHIELDS, SUNDAY, 6 P.M.

The men and lads still remained entombed.
From six o'clock last night to four this afternoon
no perceptible progress has been made in rescuing
them. Last night the sides of the shaft threat-
ened to fall in and bury the persons engaged in
clearing a passage down ; so this afternoon they
were obliged to cease operations to remove the ob
stacks in the shaft until the sides are bratticed.
The last body of the five men killed in the shaft on
Thursday was found last eight.
Popular excitement in the district is intense.
There is an enormous concourse of people all day as-
sembled at the spot, but excellent order has been
kept by the county constabulary, and the operations
have not been hindered by their presence. At mid-
night the buried men were heard signalling to the
working parties. They were heard distinctly again
at 10 and 11 to-day. This has given great relief to
all the persons at the bank. The low seam of the
pit is supposed to be rapidly filling with water,
which cannot reach the men and lads for many days,
as they are supposed to be in the yard seem. Mr.
Humble, the resident viewer, says they have a pony
in the yard seam ; also horse provender. He is cer-
tain that the air is good there, and that there is
plenty of fresh water. The colliery surgeon, how-
ever, is anxious about the boys and old men, 50 boys
having been in,:the pit 80 hours ; the first shift of
men 89 hours, the back shift 81 hours. The families
of the buried men have shown onderful fortitude.
Prayers have been offered for their preservation in
all places of worship in the district to-day.

TILE SECOND PROSECUTION :OF

"ESSAYS AND ,REVIET PS."

It has already been stated in the columns of this
journal that a second prosecution has been com-
menced in connexion with the volume now so
generally known as "Essays and Reviews." While
the case of the " Bishop of Salisbury v. the Rev. Dr..
Rowland Williams," now awaiting judgment, was
under discussion in the Court of Arches, the Rev.
James Fendall, M,A., Rector of Harlton, near Cam-
bridge, proctor in convocation for the diocese of
Ely, filed articles against one of his representatives,
the Rev. Henry Bristow Wilson, B.D , Vicar of
Great Staughton, near St. Neots, the author of the
essay entitled " Seances Historiques de Geneva—
the National Church."
First of all the articles set out that Mr. Wilson,
who graduated at St. John's College, Oxford, in
1825, was presented by the President and Fellows
of St. John's to the vicarage of Great Staughton in
1850, and instituted thereto by the Bishop of Ely ;
that by his essay he has offended against the laws
ecclesiastical, &c. Mr. Wilson is "articled and ob-
jected to" on the gr~.•und that he has depraved and
denied the following passages of Scripture and for-
mularies of the church :—Genesis, 3d chapter, 20th
verse—" and Adam called his wife's name Eve, be-
cause she was the mother of all living " St.
Matthew, 19th cnapter, verses 4 and s—" And he
answered and said unto them, Have ye not read
that he which made them at the beginning, made
them male and female, and said, for this cause shall
a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to
his wife, and they twain shall be one flesh." Also
the following from " The Form of Solemnization of
Matrimony :"—" Almighty God, who at the begin-
ning did create our first parents, Adam and Eve,
and did sanctify and join them together in mar-
riage," &c. The passage from Mr. Wilson's Essay
which is cited as depraving or contradicting these
authorities is the following :—" Thus some may con-
sider the descent of all mankind from Adam and
Eve :as an undoubted historical fact; others may
rather perceive in that relation a form of narrative
into which in early ages tradition would easily
throw itself spontaneously. Each race naturally—
necessarily, when races are isolated—supposes itself
to be sprung from a single pair, and to be the first,
or the only one, of races. Among a particular
people this historical representation became the
concrete expression of a great moral truth, of the
brotherhood of all human beings, of their commu-
nity, as in other things, so also in suffering and in
frailty, in physical pains and in moral corruption.
And the force, grandeur, and reality of these ideas
are not a whit impaired in the abstract, nor indeed
the truth of the concrete history as their represen-
tation, even though manhood should have been
placed upon the earth in many pairs at once or in
distinct centres of creation. For the brotherhood
of man really depends, net upon the material fact
of their fleshy descent from a single stock, but upon
their constitution, as possessed in common of the
same faculties and affections, fitting them for mu-
tual relation and association, so that the value of
the history, if it were a history strictly so called,
would be in its emblematic force and application."
Charges are also made against Mt. Wilson in re-
ference to the following passages: Psalm 51, verse
5 :—" Behold I was shapen in iniquity, and in sin
did my mother conceive me." Romans, chapter 5,
verses 12 to 19 inclusive—" Wherefore as by one
man sin entered into the world, and death by sin,
and so death passed upon all men, for that all have
sinned Far as by one man's disobe-

dience many were made sinners, so by the obe-
dience of one shall many be made righteous." From
the cateceism—" Being by nature born in sin and
the children of wrath." From the "Ministration
of Public Baptism of Infants"—" Dearly beloved,
asmuch us all men are conceived and born in sin."
Mr. Wilson's views for which he is articled are thus
expressed We cannot be content to wrap this
question up and leave it for a mystery as to what
shall become of those myriads upon myriads of non-
Christian races. First, if our traditions tell us
that they are involved in the curse and per
ii-
tion of Adam, and may justly be punished here
after individually for his transgression, not having
been extricated from it by saving faith, we are dis-
posed to think that our traditions cannot herein
fairly declare to us the words and infer-
ences from scripture; but if on examination it
should turn out that they have, we must say that
the authors of the scriptural books have in those
matters, represented to us their own inadequate
conceptions, and not the mind of the spirit of God,
for we must conclude with the apostle, Yea, let
God be true, and every man a liar.'" Another
point on which Mr. Wilson is charged with being
heretical is " The Incarnation of our Lord," and the
following passage from his essay is cited :—" Forms
of expression partly derived from modern modes of
thought on metaphysical subjects, partly suggested
by a better acquaintance than heretofore with the
unsettled state of Christian opinion in the imme-
diately post-apostolic age, may be adopted with re-
spect to the doctriees enumerated in the five first
Articles, without directly contradicting, impugn-
ing, or refusing assent to them, but passing by the
side of them, as with respect to the humanifying of
the Divine Word, and to the Divine personalities."
These views are alleged to be in contravention of
the 7th chapter of Isaiah, 14th verse; St. Luke's

Gospel, Ist chapter, 26th and following verses; and
the collect for Christmas-day. Article 6 (of the
Thirty-nine Articles) says In the name of the
Holy Scripture we do understand those canonical
books of the Old and New Testament, of whose au-
thority was never any doubt in the Church."
this article the following remarin; of To
Wilson
are alleged to be contrarient :—" Or it iTaY
)c3
ex-
pressed thus : the Word of God is contai.ed .-
in
Scripture, whence it does not follow that it is co-
extensive with it. The Church to which we belong
does not put that stumbling-block before the feet
of her members ; it is their own fault if they place
it for themselves, authors of their own offence.
Under the terms of the sixth article one may accept
literally, or allegorically, or as a parable, or poetry,
or legend, the story of a serpent tempter, of an ass
speaking with man's voice, of an arresting of the
earth's motion, of a reversal of its motion, of waters
standing in a solid heap, of witches and a va-
riety of apparitions. So, under the terms of the
sixth article, every one is free in judgment as
to the primeval institution of the Sabbath, the
universality of the deluge, the confusion of tongues,
the corporeal taking up of Elijah into heaven,
the nature of angels, the reality of demoniacal
possession, the personality of Satan, and the mira-
culous particulars of many events." Again:—
" Many narratives of marvels and catastrophes in
the Old Testament are referred to in the New, as
emblems, without either denying or asserting their
literal truth, each as the destruction of Sodom and
Gomorrah by fire from heaven, and the Noachian
deluge." These views are alleged to be repugnant
to the following passages from the Prayer Book :
from the baptismal ser'ice—" Almighty and ever•
lasting God who of thy great mercy didst. save
Noah and his family in the ark from perishing by
water, and also didst safely lead the children of
Israel thy people through the Red Sea." From the
prayer for fair weather—" 0 Almighty Lord God,
who for the sin of man did once drown all the worid
except eight persons." _

Against various portions of the Gospel of St. John
the following passage from Mr. Wilson's Essay is
cited as deserving condemnation :—" The ideal
method is applicable in two ways ; both to giving
account of the origin of parts of Scripture, and
also in explanation of Scripture, It is bus either
critical or exegetical. Au example of the critical
ideology carried to excess is that of Strauss, which
resolves into an ideal the whole of the historical
and doctrinal person of Jesus; so again much of the
allegorising of Philo and Origen is an exegetical
ideology, exaggerated and-wild. But it by no
means follows, because Strauss has substituted a
mere shadow for the Jesus of the Evangelists, and
has frequently descended to a minute captiousness
in details, that there are not traits in the scriptural
person of Jesus which are better explained by
retetring them to an ideal than a historical origin;
and without falling into fanciful exegetics, there
are parts of Scripture more usefully applied ideologi-
cally than in any other manner ; as, for instance, the
history of the temptation of Jesus by Satan, and ac-
counts of demoniacal possessions. And liberty must
be left to all as to the extent in which they apply
the principle, for there is no authority, through the
expressed determination of the Church, nor of any
other kind, which can define the limits within
which it may be reasonably exercised." . . .
" The idologian is evidently in possession of a
principle which will enable him to stand in chari-
table relation to persons of very different opinions
from his own, and of very different opinions mutu-
ally ; and if he has perceived to how great extent
the history of the origin itself of Christianity rests
ultimately upon probable evidence, his principle
will relieve him from many difficulties which might
otherwise be very disturbing. For relations which
may repose on doubtful grounds as matter of history,
and as history be incapable of being ascertained or
verified, may yet be equally suggestive of true ideas
with tacts absolutely certain The spiritual signi-
ficance is the same, of the transfiguration, of opening
blind eyes, of causing the tongue of the stammerer
to speak plainly, of feeding multitudes with bread
in the wilderness, of cleansing leprosy, whatever
links may be deficient in the traditional record of
particular events. Or let us suppose one to be un-
certain whether our Lord were born of the house and
lineage of David, or of the tribe of Levi, and even
to be driven to conclude that the genealogies of him
have little historic value ; nevertheless, in idea,
Jesus is both Son of David and Son of Aaron, both
Prince of Peace, and High Priest of our profession ;
as he is, under another idea, though not literally,
without father and without mother.' And he is
none the less Son of David, Priest Aaronical, or
Royal Priest Melchizedecan in idea and spiritually,
even if it be unproved whether he were any of
them in historic fact. In like manner it, need not
trouble us if, in consistency, we should have to
suppose both an ideal origin and to apply an ideal
meaning to the birth in the city of David and to
other circumstances of the infancy. So, again, the
incarnification of the divine Immanuel remains, al-
though the angelic appearances which herald it in
the narratives of the Evangelists may be of ideal
origin according to the conceptions of former days.
The ideologian may sometimes be thought sceptical,
and be sceptical or doubtful as to the historical
value of related facts; but the historical value is
not always to him the moat itr portant—frequently
it is quite secondary. And, consequently, discre-
pancies in narratives, scientific difficulties, defects
in evidence, do not disturb him as they do the

Mr. Wilson is challenged with regard to his
views on separation of doctrine and practice, the
nature of clerical subscription, and many other sub-
jects treated of in his essay. He has engaged Mr.
Du Bois as the proctor to conduct his defence. The
argument on the admission of the articles will take
place as soon as the forms of the Court of Arches
will permit.