The Sun.
London, England, 1862-06-09 00:00:00

THE ITALIAN PARLIAMENT.

In the Italian Chamber of Deputies on the 3d
inst., the President commenced the proceedings by
reading the following letter from General Gari-
baldi:77

Turin, Jun© 3.

Monsieur le President,—At the moment when the Cham-
ber is about to resume its labours, I feel myself under the
obligation of giving my colleagues some explanation o the
participation. which I have taken in public events during
the last ftw peeks. •

I left Caprera at the summons of the Ricasoli Ministry,
which appeared disposed, to occupy itself seriously with
the national armaments.
The New Ministry, which was constituted a short
time after my arrival upon the continent, maintained
the mandate whicb. I had received to organise the rifle-
shooting practice ; it gave me in addition great hopes in
affirming that it was about to act in the most energetic
manner to •arrive at a definite construction of our Italy, one
and indivisible, such as it has been solemnly proclaimed by
the votes of the SonViern provinces. Those provinces were
about to have a commencement of execution by the creation
of two battalion:, of Genoese Carbineers, the command of
which was to be confided to an officer who enjoys my entire
confidence.

The news of this organisation was hardly spread abroad
when eager young men hastened from all parts, of Italy to
enrol themselves at. Genoa. The determination which had
been taken not having been carried into execution, the
greater part of those who were provided with sufficient
means returned to their homes. There remained, however,
some hundreds to whom it was repugnant to return, either
because they would not any longer submit to the idleness t
which they were condemned, or because, having abandoned
their ,occupations and places, they had no lunger any means
of livelihood. •

I advised those fine young men to assemble at certain
places in peaccfUl Lombardy, where, supported by the spon-
taneous contributions of patriotic citizens, they might be
trained to the use of arms, so as to be ready for future
events. The Government unfortunately made a mistake
relative to the object of those depots.
The young men, arrested without arms and ,withqut
are me.ny of them at this moment in prison
having, given the least cause to justify any suspicion of
as is also Colonel. Nullo, one of the most
awaiting
trial,
deserving commanders of the Southern army. The journals
which pretend to
.represent the sentiments of the Govern-
ment have alleged as a pretext for those harsh measures a
projected invasion of the Tyrol, Nothing can be more un-
true.. The idea of that expedition is an idle dream.

Those young men had no other mission than to learn the
use of arms, and the arms found were only those indispen-
sable for such exercises. My colleagues may conceive how
painful have been the sad facts which followed those un-
just suspicions. It is for the Parliament to rectify those
fatal errors.
_Our cry has everywhere been, "Italy and
Vietor.Emmanuel 1" and now, whatever may be the risk or
the consequence, we repeat the same cry. Woe be to him
who would assail the liberating, thought. . . Woe to all
who would separate the King from the nation, the people
from, the army 1
But to fructify the union of the King and the nation
for the common weal, to unify and render invincible the
strength of the army and of the people, it is necessary, to
complete the armament so long desired. Switzerland and
Prussia are able, in time of war, to assemble.in arms 15
per cent, of theft: Cara i)OPulation. Give the free citizens
of Italy, closely united around their valiant monarch, an
orgonisation like that of Switzerland and Prussia, and you:
will be certain of delivering both the Crown and the people
from all illegitimate influences ; and then, perhaps, without
furtherAdoodshed, by the mere moral rower of a king sup.
ported by the whole strength of the nation, we shall obtain
the fulfilment' of .our-most ardent desire—Italy one and
indivisible, under the Constitutional sceptre of Victor Em-

manuel.
Italy cannot be traticiuilised in any other way. It tends
towards unificatkn, as all heavy bodies gravitate towards
the centre of the earth. A feverish and ever-increasing
agitation impels our youth to the accomplishment of this
great work. "Inaction is not a remedy fbr the evil ; it is
the source of every imaginable ditiOrder.
In a country animated by the. spirit of nationality, the
true friends of order are those who devote their efforts 'to
the redemption of their country. Passive resistance can
never chinge into reaction. Whoever Oppo§es obstacles to
this generous movement assumes the responsibility of all
the dangers which threaten us.
I -request you, rir, as President of the Chamber, to com•
Tnilinicatfi to it these observations 'which I* submit for its
serious consideration. G. GARIBALDI.

THE LORD ADVOCATE.—A Dundee contemporary
says :-.." The Lord Advocate has met with an accident
which is likely to prevent his attending in his placein Par-
liament for some days." We understand that his lordship
has broken a,sinew in the calf of his leg, but Viat the injury
is so _slight that he would have been in his place and "On
his legs" in the House on Thuniclay.--Scotsman.

LATEST NEWS.

THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA.

DEFEAT OF GENERAL BANKS.
(Per Niagara via Boston and Roche's Point.)
NEW YORK; MAY 27 (EvENTNG).

After the attack by the Confederates, already
reported, on the Federal advance, Gen. Banks fell
back to Winchester.

At daybreak on the 25th the Confederates,'under
Generals. Ewell and Johnston, .15,000 strong, at-
tacked Gen. Banks at Winchester. Gen. Banks's
force was reduced to 4,000 by reinforcing Generol
M'Dowell.

The Federal force retreated through Martinburg
to Williamsburg, and crossed the Potomac at
liamsport from Virginia to Maryland. The Confe-
derates kept up an active pursuit of Gen. Banks all
along the route.

The loss of the .latter is therefore considerable,
but the number is not officially reported.
The loss of military stores at Winchester, in-
cluding 50 waggon trains, is large.
The Confederates by this action regain the control
of the Valley of the .Shenandoah.
This unexpected advance of the Confederates on
Maryland and Washington has caused intense ex-
citement throughout the. Northern States.
Baltimore became a scene of riot and confusion.
During Sunday and Monday, 25th and 26th, all
persons of SecesSion proclivities were attacked by
the mob, bat order is now restored.
President Lincoln has taken military posseSsion
of all the railroads in the United States for the

;ransport of troops.
The Governor's of New York, Pennsylvania, and

Masgaetm.cotts have issued a call for militia to pro-
ceed forthwith to defend Washington. In twenty-
four hours the New York Ist Regiment, 800 strong,
left for Washington. Many other regiments are
hastening to defend the capital.
General M'Dowell has crossed the Rappahannock,

and advanced six miles beyond Fredericksburg.
The Confederates retreated, destroyed the bridges
behind them, but they are not supposed to be in
farce in the neighbourhood.

,Per Niagara, by Telegraph to Halifax, and from
Queenstown.)
NEW YORK, MAY 29 (EVENING;.

. The excitement concerning General Banks's de-
feat has entirely subsided. His command has been
heavily reinforced at Williamsport and Harper's

Ferry.

The Confederates are reported to have passed
through Martinsburg, and to have returned to
Winchester.

Several volunteer regiments have left for Wash

ington.

Recruiting for the Federal army had actively re.

commenced.

General M'Clellan officially reports the capture
of Hanoyer Courthouse, on the railroad between
Richmond and Fredericksburg. The Confederates
were routed. It is stated that the Federals cap-
tured 500 prisoners. _

The Federal fleet' has captured Natchez, on the
Mississippi. No resistance was offered.
The House of Representatives has offered to pass
a bill confiscating the property of men who shall.
hereafter hold office under the rebel Government, or
who shall not lay down their arms within sixty
days' after proclamation duly made by the Presi-
dent.

The House of Representatives has refused to pass
a. bill confiscating the slaires of rebels.

General M.Dowell has advanced to Manassas,
end is reported in large force.

The Secessionists in Western Tennessee are again
moving, a considerable force assembling to march

upon Hickman.

NEW YORK, MAY 27,

News received at the War D.opartment up to
eight o'clock yesterday evening, contained no ac-
count of the retreat of General Banks's forces from
Winchester to Williams Fort.

valley.

Charlestown.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

NEW YORK, MAY 29 (Evening.)

CANADA.

QUEBEC, MAY 29•

An official despatch, received yesterday, fro m
General Banks, merely refers to the crossing of the
Potomac by his forces in perfect safety.
The latest news from Washington states that 300
men of the Ist Maryland Regiment; reported as
having'been cut off to 40, have returned safely to
head-quarters.
The rumours that General M'Dowell had aban-
doned Fredericksburg, and retreated to Washing-
ton, are entirely without foundation. At the latest
accounts he had advanced six miles beyond Fre-
dericksburg. The Confederates evacuated• their
camp on Saturday night. The Harris light cavalry
scoured the country for fifteen miles from the
Rappahannock, but found none of the enemy.
The President's call for additional troops from the
States has been responded to by nearly half a million
men. Colonel 'Lefferts started 'for Washington with
a full regiment fully equipped, amid the greatest
enthusiasm. Several other regiments of militia and
Major Bagley will follow with-equal promptitude.

News from Newborn, North Carolina, states that
negotiations have been entered into between Gene-
rals Wool and Burnside, and the Confederate Gene-
rals Hager and Holmes, for the release of 14,000 (9)
prisoners.

The PetersburghWhig states that on the 19th
18 of the Monitor's crew went ashore at City Point
and were surprised by the Confederates. Nine
were made prisoners. The remainder pulled for the
Monitor, and of these nine eight were killed, and
one lost an arm.

Great alarm exists in 'Richmond, in anticipation
of a coming battle, which must decide the fate of
the city. 200,000 dollars have been appropriated
by the Virginian Legislature to remove women and
children and decrepki persons at the seat of govern-
ment to a place of safety.

The. Confederates;. under General Joseph John-
ston, are now encamped within a few miles of Rich-
mond ; and the latest advices state that a desperate
defence will be made against the advance of Federals.
Confederate accounts from Corinth state that all
preparations are complete, and that a battle is im-
minent. '

There is nothing important from the ,Virginian

Adviees from the Mississippi flotilla state that
a demand by the. Federal Commander for the sur-
render of Vicksburg was made, to which the Mayor
replied that he was, unprotected, but would never
surrender. All was quiet on the 19th.
A gunboat fight, near Fort Pillow, is represented
as another victory for the Confederates.

Martial law has been declared in the city of

:Money abundant. Gold, 3a prem. • Exchange
advanbing on London. Bankers' bi 115,11.44 to 1144.
Stocks dull. Cotton firmer. Breadstuffs declining.

(By Telegraph to Halifax, and from Queenstown.)

The new Canadian Ministry consists of the fol-
lowing members :—For Canada West—Messrs.
S. APDonald, Wiliiai M‘Dougall, Goley, Wiloopo