The Sun.
London, England, 1862-10-24 00:00:00

MR. GLADS 7 ONE'S NEWCASTLE SPEECH

-

On the 15th inst. a letter was addressed to Mr. Glad-
stone by a gentleman carrying on business in Manchester,
complaining that the language used by the right hon. gen-
tleman in his speech at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, with refer-
ence to the American war, has misled, not only himself, but
the " whble commercial community of Manchester." lie
has received the following reply :
•' 11, Downing-street, Whitehall, Oct, 18.

" Sir, —I am directed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer
to acknowledge your letter of the 15th, and to state that he
agrees with you as to the grave responsibility attaching to
all public declarations made by any of the advisers of the
Crown.
__ _ _ _

"He holds himself fully responsible for having declared
his opinion at Leith, nine months ag to the effect that, if
the Southern States of America were in earnest, the strug-
gle on the part of the Northern States was hopeless ; and
again at Newcastle, last week, to the effect that the Confe-
deration which has been formed under Mr. Jefferson Davis
has shown itself to be sufficiently supplied with the ele-
ments which make a nation, and with the will and power
to defend its independent existence.
"He cannot, however, be responsible for the inferences
which, from your letter, you appear to have drawn from
his statement : the more so as they might, he thinks, have
been checked by attention to other portions of his declara-
tions concerning America on the same occasion, in which
he referred to steps that might, under conceivable cir-
cumstances, be taken by the powers of Europe. And,
generally, he desires me to remark that to form opinions
upon questions of policy, to announce them to the world,
and to take or be a party to taking any of the stopo neeea.
sary for giving them effect, are matters which, though con-
nected together, are in themselves distinct, and which may
be separated by intervals of time longer or shorter accord.
ing to the particular circumstances of the case.

" As you inform the Chancellor of the Exchequer that
your impressions are shared by others, I am to add that you
are at liberty to make whatever use you think proper of this
letter.—l am, sir, your obedient servant,
" T— E—, Esq." " CHAS. L. RYAN.

AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY IN THE
EXHIBITION.

One of the most imposing and extensive displays in the
western side of the Eastern Annexe is the stand of Messrs.
Ransome and Sims, of the Orwell Works, Ipswich.
During the last 20 years the progress of improvement in
the manufacture of agricultural machinery has been most
surprising, and the readiness with which the agriculturist
has availed himself of the inventions, is of itself quite suffi-
cient to induce the ingenious to continue in the good work.
Immense improvement has been made of late years in nearly
every branch of engineering skill , yet it appears to us that
that in which the greatest display of mechanical ingenuity
has taken place is in the manufacture of agricultural imple-
ments ; and the display in the present Exhibition, com-
pared with that of 1851, bears out the assertion. Since
that period the steam-plough and the reaping-machine have
become perfected inventions, and the p rtable engine, with
its thrashing. machine, has become, throughout the length
and breadth of the land, as familiar as the plough ; and one
cannot pass through the great corn lands of England and
Scotland without seeing either the portable engine and
thrashing-machine, the reaper, or the plough per-
forming their wondrous work. The extensive adop-
tion of these inventions has of necessity called
a number of large firms into existence for their production,
and foremost in the front rank is that of Messrs. Ransome
and Sims, of Ipswich. Very few individuals can view the
productions of this celebrated firm in the Eastern Annexe
without being struck with the beauty of their construction,
and the fame which now attaches to the articles manufac-
tured by them testifies how well they perform the work for
which they are adapted. Like many of our greatest fac•
tories, the beginning of the now renowned establishment
was by no means extensive. Sixty years ago Mr. Robert
Ransome brought the firm into notice by devising a method
of case hardening the cast iron shares sent out with
the ploughs, and in such a manner that the upper side
was soft, while the under side was as hard as steel. A
constantly sharp edge was thus preserved to a ploughshare
throughout the whole duration of its wear. The second in-
vention relates to the construction of ploughs in such a
manner that the various wearing parts could be renewed as
required by the ploughman in the field. Although the
Messrs. Ransoms have applied their energies to other
branches of the trade, these initial features still retain their
thespre-eminence. Their works cover more than eleven acres
of ground, and find employment for 1,100 men. For ex-
acewblla. A
erndceedof workmanship, substantiality, and usefulness,
implements are not surpassed. The stand, in its
inarccrhitectural adornments, is in keeping with the main build-
ctaostehefirmcontainingat hotmhee gold,
abroadd,silver,oacncdaphireosntzheemeeend
centre
of the gallery-front, and immediately under it is placed a
horizontal bteatn-engine of 15 .horse power, and of excellent
design and workmanship. Two engines similar in con-
struction to this are at work in the western annexe, the one
hpdltyaidvorieandigittiwc:otetroannem.achine the other working'Armstrong's
sthtoewoerddi
onnartyhe details of its years by thPeofier
art
portable
1 II
eaeAnse
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nee extremes 2
one o limitsof
wh i e
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ian
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part; the other, is this class manufactured for many
worthy of notice for the care be-
which
is of
design and the finish of every
on the extreme length b
boiler,
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thel
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which
h :bar saeo
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eat:
dd itsha placedthat
t h e
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p portable
rtable
and Balk's patent
firebox and tubes may befeontena.sotvaend.d ~
oliesanfiellde,d
andw ithreplidededel;l
gin thee
s, old
and
nonesadapted
d withoutapted to
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driven
large-combinedri. steam-thrashing
ethhryeßatehnegmi n, ea ti:e therla factory.oed
two
anT imperial bushel of
entweweenser
putearcfeheitnlyes:dereascshedcagpraabilne
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for examination or
minute.
simplicity,
machines are
.which finishes the dressing
grain into different
epaasretiwiltahrlwyhriecmh aerakcahblepafrotristhaceciressibliep icltY, and for the
repair.
bteyntseproartaaryttngscrteheen,
qualities
according to its size, is one of th 3 simplest andmostß inge-
nious mechanical contrivances in the exhibition
opTerhaetiopna
differential action of two helices of wire of slightly different
yertehnet
diameter, it not only becomes perfectly self-cleaning, but
adjustable to any degree of fineness.
Upstairs, in the gallery, are the new self-raking sheaf-
delivery reaper ; the smaller class of ma chines for preparing
food for cattle; and also a representative assortment of the
pa
tent ploughs for which this firm has been so long and
so deservedly celebrated. They achieve great success in
are
other classes also ; and giving, in conjunction with Mr.
Fowler, their most earnest attention to the application of
steam power to the cultivation of the land,