The Sun.
London, England, 1862-03-19 00:00:00

IMPROVEMENTS IN OLD BROAD-STREET.

A report was brought up from the improvement
committee stating that negotiations had been entered
into with the owner of the house, No. 10, Old
Broad-street, who had agreed to set back the front
of that house, as required by the Court, for the sum
of £795, and this amount they recommended should
be paid as soon as the house should have been re-
built and the ground laid into the street. The com-
mittee laid before the Court a deed for execution,
by which Capt. Reid agreed to set back the adjoin-
ing houses, Nos. 8 and 9, to the same line without
any cost to the public. _ _ _

The report having been agreed to, the deed was
at once executed.

THE LONDON, CHATHAM, AND DOVER RAILWAY.
A report was brought up from the same com-
mittee, stating that the Remembrancer had reported
to them that the bill of the London, Chatham, and
Dover Railway contained provisions which would
affect the city of Lpndon. They therefore requested
the Court to empower them to examine the bill,
and report thereon to the Court.
Agreed to.
A report was brought up from the General Pur-
poses Committee, 'recommending that the applica-
tion made by Mr. George Walter, to have Little
New-street and New-street-square watered during
the ensuing season, should be complied with.
The report was agreed to.

The principal clerk (Mr. Joseph Daw) read a let-
ter from Mr. Pollard, the clerk to the Metropolitan
Board of Works, informing the Court that the Board
had agreed to contribute one-third of the cost of a
proposed improvement in Throgmorton-street, by
setting back the house No. 39 in that street, such
contribution not to exceed £305 6s. Bd.
SANATORY CONDITION OF THE CITY.

Dr. LETHEBY, the medical officer of health, re-
ported on the state of 307 houses that had been in-
spected during the last two weeks, and he submitted
a list of 104 places for sanatory improvement. He
likewise submitted certificates of the using of Nos.
21 and 22, Union-court, Holborn ; Nos. 27, 28, and
29, Castle-street ; and No. 1, Norwich-court, as
common nightly lodging-houses—all of which re-
quired registration.
The following are extracts from his report re-
specting the sale of diseased meat in the City
markets :

" In the course of the last fortnight the officers
have seized 4,763 lbs. of meat, and 111 head
of poultry and wild fowl, as unfit for human
food. It consisted of 59 sheep, 3 calves, 14
pigs, 27 quarters of beef, and 45 joints of meat ;
3,269 lbs. of meat were diseased, 182 lbs. putrid,
and 1,312 lbs. were from animals that had died
from natural causes. Some of this meat was little
better than carrion, and having been condemned
by the justice he submitted that the City solicitor
should be instructed to take further proceedings.
The practice of sending diseased meat to the City
markets is again on the increase, and it was to be
regretted that in a few cases the salesmen do not
give that assistance to the officers which they ought.
On Saturday last one of the inspectors seized the
carcase of a sheep which had been slaughtered while
in a state of acute disease, and had been sold as hu-
man food by Messrs. Bonser and Sons, of Newgate-
market. Those gentlemen complained in a public
manner of the act of the inspector, and had stated
that although the animal was diseased, and the meat
was not of first quality, it was, nevertheless, fit for
human food. The terms and directions of the act
of Parliament are so precise, and the responsibili-
ties of the inspector's duties so serious, that he
has no alternative but to seize such meat. By
the 26th clause of the City of London Sewers
Act, 1851, it is declared that if, after
the seizure of such meat by an inspec-
tor, and upon further examination by him (the
medical officer) it is found and declared to be
diseased, or unsound, or unwholesome, or not fit for
the food of man, the same shall be immediately
burned or destroyed, or otherwise disposed of in
such way as to prevent the same from being ex-
posed for sale, or being used for the food of man.
In the present case, the meat was not only diseased,
but the animal had been killed while in a state of
high fever from acute inflammation of the lungs
and pleura, and was manifestly unfit for human
food. This conclusion was derived, not merely from
the fact that there were pleuralic adhesions be-
tween the lungs and chest, for these alone are of
small importance, and are never regarded as serious
signs when they are of old standing. It is rare,
indeed, to fiud an animal entirely free from them,
although its flesh may be in the soundest condition.
They are, in fact, the signs of disease which have
passed:away. In the present case, however, the whole
of the walls of the chest were covered with recently
effused lymph,whichwas hanging uuon them in pulpy
threads. The pleura was in a state of active in-
flammation, and the animal, at the time of its death,
was suffering from acute pleura.pueumonia. The
whole system, therefore, must have participated in
the disease, and have been affected with the con-
comitant fever. The meat of such an animal, how-
ever good it may appear, cannot be good for human
food,and the inspector would be wanting in his duty
if he were to fail to seize it. It may be that the dis-
ease had lasted but for a short time, and that the act
of the butcher had anticipated the wasting effects of
the malady and the final process'of nature • but none
of these circumstances render the flesh wholesome,
or make it other than the act of Parliament de-
signates—" diseased and unsound." Unfortunately,
it is a common practice with farmers and cowkeepers
at the present time to slaughter animals afflicted
with a hopeless disease, in order that their carcasses
may be saved for the shambles. There is hardly a
cewhouse in the metropolis which is not contin-
ually furnishing diseased animals to the butcher.
Very recently these houses have been inspected by
Mr. Gamgee, the principal of the Veterinary Col-
lege, in Edinburgh, and ho has stated publicly, in
the last number of the Edinburgh Veterinary Re-
view, and elsewhere, that the diseased cows of the
London cowhouses are invariably sent to the City
slaughter-houses to be killed for food. One cow-
keeper
of the City told him that, in July last, out
of an average stock of 30 cows, he sent upwards of
a score to the butcher. Considering how prevalent
disease has been for the last two or three years
among the cows of London, it is very probable that
thousands of animals have in this way been dis-
posed of. The practice is not without danger, for
although it may generally pass unnoticed, it now
and then shows itself in an unmistakable manner. In
the month of November, 1860, the effects were wit-
nessed by the medical officer on rather a large scale.
A quantity of cow beef was brought into Newgate-
market by a sausage-maker at Kingsland, and
made up into sausages in the usual way. The
meat was not of first quality, for the sausage-
maker observed, such meat never is, but is always
quite second-rate. It was part of a cow that had
been sent to the butcher from a London cow house.
Epizootic diseases were prevalent at that time in
the cow houses of London, and it is very probable
that the animal was affected with one of them. It
was a lean cow, and had ceased to give milk. This
was all the dealer would confess, but the flesh of
the animal told a terrible story. Of 66 persons
who partook of the sausages made from it, 64 were
attacked with the symptoms of poisoning, and the
severity of the symptoms w ere in direct proportions
to the quantity eaten. In several cases where mem-
bers of a family had not partaken of them, they
alone escaped,and people far away from Kingsland,
who had bought Ihe sausages of a second dealer,
suffered likewise. The effects were those of an ani-
mal poison, they were sickness, purging, giddiness,
great prostration of the vital powers, intense irrita-
tion of the bowels, and in one case death. The matter
was referred to the medical officer by the coroner for
investigation, and it was fully inquired into by Dr.
Tripe, the medical officer of health for the district
where the accident occurred. Both were of opinion
that the effects were clearly due to the sausages ;
and as the most careful chemical and microscopical
examinations did not discover a trace of mineral or
vegetable poison, the conclusion was that the meat
of the sausages was unsound. With such a fact,
and many others of a like description, before him,
he should be wanting in his duty if he permitted
the sale of diseased meat, He added that it was not
an uncommon practice for butchers to dress for the

—..4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

market the bodies of animals that have not been
slaughtered, but have died frog' accident or aiscase.
This practice, he said,
is equally reprehensible.
About a month ago the matter was contested with
Messrs. Bonser and Sons, of Newgate-market, who
had sold the carcase of a dead sheep, as it is
termed, for food. As in the present case, they in-
sisted that the meat was sound and wholesome,
although for aught he knew the sheep might have
been accidentally poisoned with arsenical sheep-
wash,
" The rules which he had laid down for the guid-
ance of the inspectors in the matter are, that they
are to seize the rncat of all animals which have not
been slaughtered by the bracher, but have died from
accident or dir•else, That they are to seize the
meat of all animals killed while in a state of acute '
di 3case, or which have wasted fit= lingering illness;
and lastly, that they are to seize it when unsound
from putrefaction or disease.
" They were the wholesome rules that have been
acted on from very early times, and are most reli-
giously observed in the present day by the Hebrews,
who have brought them down from the remotest
antiquity, They are the rules of almost every con-
tinental State, and were strictly followed by the
zediles of ancient Rome. Finally, they are indi-
cated as well as sanctioned by the laws of this city,
and have been more or less ob. ' every town
in England in all times. It can hardly therefore be
said that the exercise of the authority of the Com-
missioners of Sewers in this manner is an innova-
tion, or that the rights and privileges of the butchers'
trade are unnecessarily interfered with ; and even if
they were, it is proper to remember that the preser-
vation of public health is above all such conside-
r itions.
The report was agreed to, and the solicitor was
instructed to act as he thought necessary.

ASSIZE INTELLIGEACE.

HOME CIRCUIT.-MAIDSTONE, TUESDAY.

The commission for the county of Kent was
opened in this town on Monday, and business was
proceeded with in both courts yesterday morning,
at 10 o'clock.
The gaol calendar contains the names of 36 pri-
soners, but none of the offences appear to be of a
heinous character. On the civil side there are 25
causes entered, five of which are to be tried by
special juries.
(Before Lord Chief Justice Erie and a Common
Jury.)
LOVATT V. TRIBE.
This was an action to recover £2O and interest
upon an I 0 U. The defendant pleaded that at the
time he signed the I 0 U he was insane, and that
the plaintiff was aware of that fact.
Mr. M. Chambers, Q.C., and Mr. Philbrick were
for the plaintiff; and Sergeant Shee and Mr.
Humphrey for the defendant.
The jury, after a good deal of deliberation, re-
turned a verdict for the defendant upon the plea
that he was not competent to execute such an in-
strument at the time in question. They also found
that the plaintiff was aware that he was in that
condition.

(Before Mr. Justice Wightman.)
Felix Finn, 43, was indicted for stealing seven
sheep, the property of James Pearson.
Mr. F. Russell and Mr. Colquhoun conducted the
prosecution. The prisoner was defended by Mr.
Ribton.

It appeared that the prosecutor was a farmer at
Cranbrook, and the prisoner was a sort of jobbing
butcher and dealer in cattle, residing at Marden.
The sheep in question were all safe in one of the
prosecutor's fields on the 18th of December, and
on the following morning they were missed.
The evidence against the prisoner was that on
the night following the robbery he was seen to be
driving seven sheep along the road leading from
Cranbrook to Marden, and he afterwards employed
a man to kill six of them, and, by the prisoner's
directions, the carcases were sent up to London.
From information received by the prosecutor, he
went to the prisoner's premises, and in a shed he
found one of the missing sheep alive, and he after-
wards was shown the skins of the six sheep that
had been stolen, and he identified them by the
marks that were upon them as his property. The
prisoner, it appeared, when he was questioned upon
the subject, declared that he had bought the seven
sheep in Ashford market, and it was stated that he
had always borne a good character, and was always
looked upon as a respectable man in his position of
life.

Mr. Itibton made a powerful appeal to the jury
on behalf of the prisoner, and he contended that
there was nothing to show that he did not really
purchase the sheep at market as he had stated.
The jury found the prisoner guilty, but recom-
mended him to mercy. . _ _

Mr. Justice Wighlma2 said it was a very serious
offence, and he sentenced him to be kept in penal
servitude for three years.

NORTHERN CIRCUIT.-YORK.

(Before Mr. Justice Mellor.)
Richard Buckle, 35, was charged with feloniously
administering one ounce of laudanum to Jane
Buckle, his wife, with intent to murder her, at
Middlesborough, on the 26th of June last.
Mr. Blanchard and Mr. Serle prosecuted ; Mr.
Maule defended the prisoner.
On the 26th June last the prisoner was a police
officer in the Middlesborough force. His wife had
been subject to pains, and on the above day he gave
her a dark brown liquid, which he said she was to
take just before getting into bed, and to say nothing
to her sister, who was in the house, about it. This
latter precaution excited Mrs. Buckle's suspicions,
and she therefore confided what had transpired to
her sister. Upon going to bed Mrs. Buckle took half
of the liquid, instead of the whole as she had been
instructed, and at an early hour on the following
morning she became dangerously ill, vomited seven
or eight times, and had to keep her bed the whole of
the day. The matter, howevet, passed over until a
fortnight after, when the prisoner brought home a
powder which he said he had got for her from a
person named Hopper. This, whilst her husband
slept, she took from his coat pocket, and substitut-
ing in its place a similar looking powder, composed
of sugar and flour, she took the former to Mr.
Dickenson for analysation, when it was discovered
to be strychnine. His wife then, in fear of her life,
took her child away from the house, and gave infor-
I mation to the police. The prisoner was then ap-
prehended, and tried at the last York summer assizes
on the charge of attempting to administer strych-
nine. He was, however, found. not guilty, and
therefore the present charge was instituted. It
was shown that the prisoner possessed himself of
the laudanum under the pretence that his wife
wanted it for the toothache, and the strychnine for
a friend to kill a dog.
Guilty.
Sentence of death was recorded, which the learned
judge said he should recommend her Majesty to
commute to penal servitude for life.

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were undamaged, and the ?Loa 'weia.4 '...', '
---tiefi-theme-the-naeraing. Imi 111 V 1' ' A :.:4
desk containing money and paper 1:0 -: -7142,
and a variety a articles of wearing
papers were to me invaluable. The otITOr a‘Naele '
were worth from £2O to £25. The seal, pencils,
aid other articles produced are my property:, and.
were in the desk when it was stolen. I never saw
the prisoner before.
Police-constable Ball, 64 E, said—On the eN'aning
of the 3d inst. I received the prisoner into custody
in South-square on another charge. I found on llim
23 skeleton keys, a picklock, a chisel, and sorile
other articles used by housebreakers, which I pro -
duce. Last Friday, from what I heard, I went to
3;;, Brewer-street, Pimlico, and in the secondlloor
back re::
m I found the seal and other articles which.
have been itlentified by Mr. Manham. I also
found a quantity of files which v.-Teie used i for
making skeleton keys, and some used for pickldeks.
Mr. William Roach—l keep the Louse, 33,
Brewer-street, Pimlico. lam a servant. The pri-
soner was my lodger in the second-floor back room.
He described himself as a cigar dealer, and I have
seen a note in which he represented he had d eal-
ings in the cigar trade.
Mr. Beattie ,said he had gone out, and had loaf: d
up his chambers. A clerk v4as coming down stair,.
and
saw the prisoner, who had on an Inverness
cape, at the door. As the chambers had 11,--_,n
entered about oix moths before, the clerk's suspi-
cions were arouse i.
and he watched the prisoner.
From his movements
.fic was induced to give him in
charge, and then it was than
other articles used by hooset...
the skeleton keys, and
upon him. The prisoner, reakers, were found
station, gave a fah.c,
Police-constable Ball said the chis:t.
address. ' - -am-
, ~,,d on the
"`".1.0r all the
prisoner fitted the marksatonthtelbie igings he
chambers that had been forced. In his 10.
had found some other articles which had beam. iden" •
tified as belonging to gentlemen in Gray's-inn, • ,
Mr. Barker fully committed the prisoner '."
trial, but he will be brought up again, when PoiiCo
Sergeant Joy, of the C division, will Prove a former'
conviction for a similar offence against him.

SOUTHWARK.--Captain William Dundas, of
48, Tennisoa-street, Wateriso-road, was summoned
before Mr. Combe for assaulting
an Italian organ player, by striking him over the
head and back with a whip.
Mr. Rice, solicitor, of Pall-mall, appeared for the
defendant.
The complainant, through an interpreter, said
that on Monday or Tuesday last, in the afternoon,
he was with his organ and a monkey in Tennison-
street, Waterloo-road. He was playing his organ
when the defendant opened a door close by and
made motions for him to go away. He waved his
hand, and witness left off playing and crossed the
road. He then recommenced playing opposite
another house, when the defendant again came out
with a whip in his hand, and his slippers on. He
struck at the monkey and missed him, and he then
struck the witness over the head and back with his
whip. The witness went away, and the neat day
came to this court for a summons.
In cross-examination the witness said he could
not recollect whether the day on which the assault
took place was Monday or Tuesday.
Augustus Robertson, a traveller, residing at 5,
Tennison-street, said he saw the complainant play-
ing his organ with a monkey on it. The defendant
came out of his house with a whip in his hand, and
aimed a blow at the monkey, but he could not say
whether he struck it. He thought the defendaut
was in a great passion, as he would not give the
organ-player time to get away.. He could not tell
what then took place. He believed it was in the
middle of the dsv. He did not know whether it
was before or after dinner.
Mr. Rice said he had a complete answer to the
case, and should be able td show that no assault
whatever had been committed. He had two ladies
in court to contradict the witnesses.
-Mr. Combe said that neither the complainant nor
his witnesses could tell when the assault took place.
Under these circumstances he could pi= no re-
liance on their evidence and should dismiss the ease-

TEE BRITISH MINISTER 42 WASH-

INGTON.

If diplomacy now-a-days is a very different affair
from the system of espionage which the Vene-
tian Republic organised for itself at every Court
of Europe, the contrast is not less striking in
the fate that befalls modern diplomatic corre-
spondence. Instead of being sepaltured in secret
archives, like the collection of Simancas, whose
mine of gossip, slander, and intrigue European
historians are only now beginning to work, our de-
mocratic publicity demands that Ambassadors Ma-
nually make a clean breast of it ; and all the mys-
steries of diplomatic note paper are yearly unveiled
and laid before Congress or Parliament in the vul-
gar form of a blue-book. The current session of the
British Legislature has brought with it its customary
batch of such official papers, and among these arc
no less than six voluminous collections of documents
relating to the United States, of which we have
received copies. We have already drawn largely on
this body of diplomacy, and to-day we make new and
copious selections from that collection of the papers
which contains Lord Lyons' despatches to his Go-
vernment. Collection No. J. of the Parliamentary
papers is entitled " Correspondence relating to the
Civil War in the United States of North America?'
and consists mainly of despatches from the English
Ambassador at Washington to Earl Russell, her
Britannic Majesty's Foreign Secretary. It contains
156 official papers, the first bearing date of Novem-
ber 12, 1860, and the last coming down to February
of the present year. The series thus covers the whole
period—so opulent in events—from the election of
Mr. Lincoln and the inception of secession, till now
that its mad career is almost run, and a half-ruined
people begin to realise the amazing folly into which
they allowed themselves to be precipitated. Our
selection from this correspondence, which we com-
mence with the period of the attack on Fort Sumter,
is made with the design to bring out in what man-
ner the series of events that have developed them-
selves since that time have been viewed and inter-
preted by the representative of the British Govern-
ment at Washington, and in what manner he has
borne himself in the weighty international transac-
tions in which he has been called to take so impor-
tant a part. The great historical interest and value
that attach to this interior view of the most impor-
tant branch of our foreign diplomacy can hardly be
over-estimated, but we may say it has more than a
historical—it has a vital interest. It is well known
that one of the most important of the ambassadorial
functions, especially in such a crisis as the present,
is to transmit statements of all important public
events to the home Government, which depends
mainly on the impressions thus received for guid-
ance in its official dealings. It is obvious, therefore,
that we have a direct interest both in the intellec-
tual and the moral qualities of the ambassadorial
teho niefsu reporter.sairoen warped
i na
trcblockheadeadllo.r relations,
i easilys
an iapnai
atnh roeonsdeue
neeliss
whose
tea janglesymapnd
readily a-
damages the best cause. We do not think our
readers will peruse the extensive correspondence of
Lord Lyons, which we publish elsewhere, without
reaching the gratifying conclusion that the repre-
sentative of the British Government at Washington
has acted throughout an upright, an honourable,
and a liberal part towards the Government and the
country to which he is accredited. Where he re-
ports facts it is done temperately, judiciously, and
fairly ; and, though he is frequently
and sometimes wholly wrong, the error is obviously In his purely official
not the dictate of ill intent. off the mark,
dealings, in the numerous transactions
rights of the two countries appeared to clash, the
strong British ground whgicehtf
ihni
waterdA whicht
;Y 'M thei
I Mr:
as
intoi
shotb u t
always takes, never interferes with his modifying
(nwjuestly suspected) coquetting
his views under the persuasion of justice. Early
in the correspondenced,o suspected
anduhave
with Canada evidently caused some zealous, not to
y a
glimpses of diplo-
maticpaisadoes between his lordship and the Secre-
tary
astyle of art. Other causes of difference
appear in
abundance—the arrest of British se
of 1n
State s P a
thatngsm s
t we have
b e e n
of a very high
threatened seizure of vessels r subjects, the
_ rumoured to have been
purchased by the rebels
in Canada, the anticipated
abrogation of ports of entry, and what not—but it
must be remembered that
diplomatic interchange is
in its very nature,
which there
is a disagreement, chiefly confined to points on
matters on which
there is agreement requiring attention.
theless, there are throughout this corres 1(11 cer-
frequent instances of a cordial, conciliatoryPlie"
spirit, and proofs of a " distinguished eon 'd .
ton" that is far deeper sl
than verbal. It is pro-
per that this fact should be adequately emphasized
for there was a time at the beginning of the re
hellion, when some natural sensibilities of tbe pub-
lic mind, excited by the course taken towards the
rebels by foreign Governments, caused their repre-
sentatives to be looked on with a suspicion from
which the British Minister was not wholly exempt.
The public will he gratified to learn how little
ground there was for this suspicion. As Lord Lyons
reveals himself in. the present correspondence, he
gives the impression of a discreet and sensible,
though not always of an acute or clairvoyant mind.
There are glimpses of transactions in which his
qualities appear as a poor match for the amazing
flexibility of Mr. Seward's nature. But he is
throughout—and his mission has not been without
its trials—a high-toned gentleman and diplomatist.
The recent honours which his Queen has conferred
on him are well merited by his discreet and well-
',poised bearing in the difficult crisis over which the
present corrosPondeuce extends.--. New York. rims

NNTERBU RY HALL
tJ ARTS GALLERY.

AND FINE

VICTOR JULIEN, "THE FLYING MAN,"
(Last Week but One) at half-past Nine, in new and extraor-
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Grand Selections from "La Sonnambula," "Dinorah,"
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The Comic by Mr. Randall, Mr. Frederick French, Mr.
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Admission—Hall, 6d. ; Stalls mad Balcony, ls.

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A Grand Morning Entertainment EVERY THURS-
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