The Sun.
London, England, 1865-08-14 00:00:00

KENT.

A meeting of the farmers of East Kent and others
interested in keeping stock was held in the Guild-
hall, Canterbury, on Saturday afternoon. It was
convened by Sir B. Bridges, M.P., and the Mayor
of Canterbury, and there was a large attendance.
The Mayor of Canterbury presided, and explained
the cases of cattle plague in the neighbourhood
which had been reported to him. In the case of
Mr. Dombrain there was no doubt the infection had
been communicated by four Dutch calves from the
London market. His stock consisted of 16 head,
and when Mr. Brown, the Government inspector,
visited the farm, they had all died except onemhich
he recommended should be killed. (Mr. Crowhurst,
veterinary surgeon, here said that the animal alluded
to by the Mayor was recovering.) If that were so
it became a question whether the recommendation
of Mr. Brown to immediately kill any animals in-
fected with the disease should be acted upon or not.
Another case reported to him was in the neighbour-
hood of Dover, on a farm belonging to a London gen-
tleman ,who sent down 12 cows. Immediately on their
arrival three of the cows were taken ill, and two of
them died, and the other nine were sent back to
London. That circumstance alone might be suffi-
cient to cause the disease to spread thiough the
county, and what the effect would be they could not
tell. Another case in the neighbourhood of Canter-
bury was that of a milkman named Bourne, who had
lost all his stock. In this case the symptons were
somewhat different to those of Mr. D =brain 's cattle,
but they were such that Messrs. Crowhurst were to
diagnose them satisfactorily; but they had no doubt
that the disease which had carried off Mr. Bourne, s
cattle was another development of the murrain. Sir
Brook Bridges, M.P., said he did not think the ob-
ject of the meeting was to consider the peculiar
symptoms displayed by any particular case. That
might well be left to members of the Veterinary
Colleges, for whom the subject would have great
interest. What they ought to do was to adopt the
most prompt measures to prevent the spread of the

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infection, and for this purpose the iecommendations •
of Mr. Brown ought to be carefully observed. As, 1-z
however,they had no means of enforcing the observr,rn
ante of any regulations, he thought the-aid of GO-44;;:
vernment ought to be invoked. With this viir-W -; j
would propose, " That a memorial be presentid t 4
the Lords of the Privy Council, enjoining on them
the serious evils likely to result from the disease re-
ported to have broken out among cattle, and sug-
gesting that they should adopt stringent measures
to remedy the evil." If the meeting thought fit to
' adopt that resolution they might afterwards appoint
a committee to draw up a memorial and take such
other steps as might be considered necessary. Mr.
M. Bell seconded the motion, which was carried
unanimously. A committee was afterwards ap-
pointed, and in the discussion which took place
thereon Mr. J. B. Plumptre said the evil was one
which required the adoption of very decided mea-
sures to remedy it ; but he thought the committee
could not do much until they had the authority of
the Government to back them. He believed they
had no idea of the extent to which the disease had
already extended in the county. He had been
told that it had broken out in the neighbour-
hood of Northbourne and Guston, where one
farmer had lost 12 beasts andanother 16. The chair-
man suggested that, with the authority of Govern-
ment, the county constabulary might be used to col-
lect information as to the prevalence of the disease.
It was supposed the disease had been introduced
into the locality alluded to by Mr. Plumptre by
cattle sent from London to the contractors for sup-
plying meat to the troops at Deal and Walmer. A
subscription was entered into to meet the expenses
which may be incurred.

NORFOLK.

On Saturday an influential meeting of the ar,ri-
cultural interest of Norfolk was held in St. Andrew's
Hall, Norwich, to take steps to prevent the further
extension of the cattle disease lathe county. Among
those present were the Earlof Leicester, Lord Lieu-
tenant; Sir T. Beauchamp, Mr. E. Howes, M.P.,
Lord Bury, Mr. C. Read, M.P., the Hon. F. Wal-
pole, Mr. B. Gurdon, the Mayor of Norwich (Mr.
Tuck), &c.
The Earl of LEICESTER moved that Mr. Read,
M.P., should take the chair. The noble earl re-
marked that the farmers of Norfolk were deeply in-
debted to Mr. Read for the part which he had al-
ready taken in the matter, and he was quite sure
they would be perfectly satisfied to leave their inte-
rests in his hands. The landed proprietors would
also be prepared to render Mr. Read all the assist-
ance in their power.
The CHAIRMAN said that at the interview he and
others recently had with Mr. Waddington at the
Home-office they had a most courteous reception,
but one that left on his mind the impression that
there were certain Government officials who would
not readily adopt suggestions made to them. The
deputation was asked to submit, in writing, the sug-
gestions made. They had not received any reply to
these suggestions, but no doubt they would receive
one in a few days. The Government certainly had
very little power, but he had no doubt they would
exercise that power to the best of their ability, and
to the satisfaction of the whole country. There could
be no doubt that the disease which at present
prevailed in cattle was of foreign importation. It
appeared to be the desire of every one :connected
with the metropolitan market to make him and the
deputation believe that it was a spontaneous out-
burst in some of the London cowyards. No doubt
the sultry heat of June was propitious for the deve-
lopment of this disease, but in every case where the
outbreak occurred in London it could be traced to
foreign cattle. Professor Symonds said it was no
more an English disease than the Asiatic cholera,
and that if we did not stamp it out at once we should
be visited with it for a great number of years. He
hoped that farmers would resolutely make up their
minds to purchase no cattle for some time. They
could not do better with their second crops of clover
than to put them into a haystack. If any subscrip-
tion or any mutual insurance association were set
on foot, he thought that it should not merely refer
to a hundred, but that it should embrace the whole
county ; on the other hand, a national association
would be so large that it would be utterly un-
manageable. (Hear.)
Mr. E. Howes, M.P., moved the first resolution :

—" That this meeting, having heard of the alarm-
ing spread of the cattle plague in this country, re-
commends to the consideration of the public the
means suggested by Professor Symonds to arrest the
progress of the disease, and further suggests that no
farmer should purchase any store stock in any mar-
ket for the period of six weeks." The hon. gentle-
man expressed a fear that on such occasions as the
present farmers were apt not sufficiently to realise
the danger in which they stood. They must put their
shoulders to the wheel and do what was necessary
to carry out the regulations and suggestions made
by Professor Symonds and others. He was very
much afraid that we were on the eve of what might
be considered a national calamity. Any action in
the matter must be of a combined character to be of
any service, and he trusted sincerely that no selfish
feeling would in any way interfere with that com-
bined action. He trusted, also, that a fund would
be raised which would in some degree alleviate any
loss which might fall upon individuals. (Cheers.)
Sir T. BEAUCHAMP, in seconding the resolution,
said he was extremely glad to render any help he
could in so important a matter. It was for the farmers
to show by energetic steps that they were deter-
mined to do the utmost in their power to check the
disease. It had pleased Providence to bring this
calamity upon the country, but farmers must not
stand still ; on the contrary, they must use the
means at their command, and he believed that if
they did so this dreadful cattle disease might be in
a great measure checked. He thought the sugges-
tion made by Professor Symonds—that farmers
should abstain from purchasing cattle for the next
six weeks, was one which it behoved them particu-
larly to follow.

The resolution was put and carried unanimously.
A subscription of £5OO was announced, amid
loud cheers, from Lord Leicester. The noble earl
suggested that farmers should also be entitled tc,
receive compensation for the loss of sheep.

STlZABlSM.—Squinting is an affection caused by
an inequality of length in the two muscles, right
and left, which move the eye-ball. Suppose the squint to
be inwards, then the inner muscle is the shorter of the two.
To correct this defect Stromeyer first proposed the section
of the shorter muscle; the eye-ball being thus set at liberty
on one side, and the longer muscle allowed to contract,
vision must become straight again. Such was Stromeyer's
reasoning, and his operation has since been extensively
performed on persons afflicted with strabism, though
not always with success. In an article published by the
Abeille 21fddicale, Dr. Tavignot shows that Stiomeyer's
operation can only succeed perfectly when it happens that
the longer muscle contracts just enough to bring the eye-
ball to its normal position again ; but this is quite a fortuit-
ous circumstance which it would be unwise, ho observes,
to reckon. The fact is, that both the muscles aro in an
abnormal state, one by excessive contraction and the
other by excessive tension. By cutting the shorter muscle
a remedy is obtained for one of the two muscles, but none
for the other, which may, after the operation, contract to
such a degree as to make the eye squint the opposite
way. Dr. Tavignot's plan is different ;he says, "Do
not cut the shorter muscle, but shorten the longer
one; it will then exercise a tension on the other suffi-
cient to restore it to its proper length." For this pur-
pose he has recourse to galvano-cauterization; the
only instruments he employs are a common elevator of the
eye-lids, a galvanic-causti,ycpilTe,
haen
longer
nag
esmall
muscle, hooked
situatedfor.
ceps made in a peculiar w •
at the opposite end of the deviation, is taken up with a
common forceps, while the conjunctive membrane is
raised as much as possible. The hooks of the galvanic-
caustic. forceps are then inserted into the muscle, and a
galvanic current made to pass through by bringing the
electrodes into contact with the two branches of the for-
ceps. The small hooks become red hot ; the muscle thus
cauterised contracts, and the contraction continues, after
the operation, so that the eyeball returns to its proper
place. After the operation, linen rags, saturated with a
solution of common salt, are applied to tho eye.
rADVEUTISEMENT.I—}foIIoway's Ointment.—Turn which
way you will, go where you please, persons will be found
who have a ready word of praise for this ointment. For
chaps, chafes, scalds, bruises, and sprains it is an invalu-
able remedy. For bad legs, caused by accident or cold, it
may confidently be relied upon for effecting a sound and
permanent cure. In cases of swelled ankles, erysipelas,
gout, and rheumatism, Holloway's ointment gives the
greatest comfort by reducing the inflammation, cooling the
blood, soothing the nerves, adjusting the circulation; and
expelling the impurities. This ointment should have a
place in every nursery. It will cure the long list of skin
affections which originate in childhood and gain strength
with the child's growth.

HOUSES.—Messrs. TOPLIS and ROBERTS
have numerous funk site,l and unturnishe i TOWN,
buourban, a id Country RESIDENCES to LET or SEL'..
particulars forwarded for three stamps, upon stating exact
requirements and rental. Offices, 2, conduit-street, Regent-
street, and South Kensington, facing the Museum.

SOUTH KENSINGTON, HYDE-PARK,
Queen's, and Rutland Gates, Queen's-gate and Peters-
ham Terraces, Queen's-gate, Cornwall, and Princes Gardens,
Elva stun-place, Cromwell-road Onslow and Thurloe Squares,
Bolt ns. &c. Messrs T0P1.14 'and ROBE tiTS have ItEr-'1"
I_, EN CES to SELL and LET in these and surrounding
localities. Offices, 2, Conduit-street, Regent-street, and
South Kensington, facing the Museum.

NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.-
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
THIS EVENING, THROUGH FIRE AND WATER.
Mess) s J L. Toole, R. Phillips, Billiugton, Ash.ey ; Mrs. A.
Ileilon (Miss Woolgars„ and Miss H. .'7.lmms.
APer which, at J. SOLON SHINGLE. Folon, Mr. John
K. Ou ens ; supported by Mt ssrs. It. t h,llips, Billington,
Steplitnson, Ashicy, Eburne ; NTS. 11. Lewis, &c.
To conclude with A PAS DE FAsCIN.A.TION. Miss
Furtado, and Mr. J. L. Tool!.
Commence at 7.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining.
THIS EVENING, a new Farce, by :lir. David Fisher,
entitled HEART-STRINGS AND FIDDLE-STRINGS,
Alter which, ARItAII NA FOG UE : Mesirs. Mon Bonet-
eault, .1. Brougham, H. Vandenholl; D. Fisher, D. Murray;
Mrs. Boucleault and Miss M. Oliver.
In conclude with AN AMPLE APOLOGY.
Commence at 7.

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TEETII AND PAINLESS DENTISTRY.-
Messrs. LEWIN and SI3IEON MOSELY and SONS,
Berners-street, Oxford-street, and 998, Strand, opposite
Charing-cross Railway Station. Established 1830. Artificial
Teeth made with their patented advantages are fitted with-
cut the least inconvenience, however tender the mouth, sup-
porting and strengthening loose and sensitive teeth until
they become useful in mastication. Their resemblance to
nature is perfect and undetectable, and they are guaranteed
for all purposes of mastication and articulation. Operations
of every kind being unnecessary, the most nervous patient
can be supplied wi hout fear of pain or inconvenience. Con-
sultation iree. Teeth from Os. Sets, 6,7, 10, and 15
Suineas, warranted. For the efficacy, utility, and success
of this system, vide " Lancet.'
Daily attendance at 13, Whitefriargato, ; 10, Norfolk-
street, Sheffield ; 4, East-parane, Leeds ; and 14, St. Nicholas-
street, Se.artiro'.
*** Ao connection with any one of the same name.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tins DAY.--Morning, 7h. Gm.—Afternoon, 7h. 33m
To-Mon ow.-Morning, Bh. sm.—Afternoon, Bh. 40m

t* ice..•
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P"L'.4

LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 14, 1865,

The failure of a cause which has been gallantly
defended, for which men have schemed, and
thought, and striven, have sacrificed their blood and
their treasure, is always painful and depressing,
even where the object to be attained is not one in
which we can wholly sympathise. Englishmen
have watched with intense interest the progress of
the Southern States. They have sympathised in
the resolute stand which the Southerners made for
the right of self-government, and their hearts have
kindled as they read of the sacrifices which they
cheerfully made, the obstacles they surmounted,
and the unflinching courage and spirit which they
manifested in face of the most disheartening dis-
couragements. The presence of the Slave element
was, indeed, a drawback to the interest which
Englishmen took in the fortunes of descendants
possessing so much of their own characteristics,
and at the first outbreak of the war the sympathies
of this country were more inclined to the North
than the South. But it soon became appa-
parent that the question at issue was not
the position of the black race, but a struggle
for power between two branches of the white. It
was not long before it was clearly perceptible that
with the exception of a comparatively small party
the North cared no more for slavery than the South
did, and, in fact, the sincerity of their emancipation
fervour has been curiously illustrated by the treat-
ment of the negroes since the peace. As the war
was of the South's own making, it is evident that
there was no particular reason for fighting about
the negro question then. The " domestic institu-
tion" was in no particular danger, and the slave-
holding party were too strong for the abolitionists
to have much hope of overcoming them. If the
Confederates when still in force in the field had
offered to re-enter the Union on condition of having
their slaveholding rights guaranteed, the North
would have been only too glad to agree to such
terms. The lovers of freedom may rejoice that
such a disgraceful compromise was not entered
upon. The South were confident of success.
They had able rulers, brilliant generals, and
heroic armies. They proved their valour on many
a hard fought field and against tremendous odds

until at length the cause which at first appeared a
wild chimera became a recognised fact. As Mr.
GLADSTONE justly said, JEFFERSON DAVIS " made
the South a nation." It had a free press, it was
governed according to constitutional forms by a
representative assembly, and in this very constitu-
tionalism lay its danger. Strange times require
strong measures, but JEFFERSON DAVIS was not
enough of the despot. He was too conscientious
or too timorous to wield irresponsible power, or
perhaps he felt he was not strong enough in his
position to • assume exclusive authority. The
Congress which should have supported him failed
him in the hour of extremity., the planters
refused to permit the enlistment of the slaves
despite General LEE's reiterated demand for them.
Disaffection and disunion crept into the. Senate,
and press, and camp. Local jealousies, and indi-
vidual ambitions and animosities neutralised all
efforts for the general good ; secret emissaries
from the North were busy in Southern
circles, and treasonable correspondence with the
enemy was even supposed to be carried on by
members of the Senate itself. The result of all this
we know, and any one who iecals the mournful
dignity of JEFFERSON DAVIS'S last answer to the
Con aress, in which he expressed his conviction that
the necessary measures had been deferred too late,
will perceive in it the painful prescience of an. ,

enlightened statesman who sees his country driven

headlong to a ruin which he is powerless to avert.
The brief sway of the Southern President has
ended in a Northern dungeon ; the short but event-

ful .record of the Southern struggle has closed
in blood and tears. • The only visible result of

the heroic struggle of a brave people for their in-

dependence remains in the desolation of the fairest

provinces of the Confederacy and the thorough dis-
organisation of the Union. The struggle being
over, all wise and kindly men will do their best to

heal the wounds of their country, to soften the bit-
terness of the conflict, and to reconcile the Southern
people to their old position in the Union. It is not
likely from all past experience that the United States
can continue to form one nation. They are
too vast and too unwieldly to be kept together un-
der one head, but whatever the eventual division
for the present, there is but one course. to pursue
to restore order and civil government, and heal
as far as possible the breach between the people.
Acting upon this conviction, the directors of the