The Sun.
London, England, 1865-10-24 00:00:00

filE SUN, LONDON, TSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 24, 1865.

LONDON, TUESDAY, OCT. 24, 18G5.

The first step towards arriving at a safe and
satisfactory conclusion on any difficult or disputed
point is undoubtedly to collect all the evidence that
can be obtained on the subject. Nothing can be
done without full and careful preliminary investiga-
tion, and the great effort of all modern science is
accordingly to search for truth, to discover all that
can possibly be known, and thence to draw its con-
clusions. Of old the wise men of the day were
wont to adopt some favourite theory, and, in Pro-
crustean fashion, fit into it All they learned. They
refused to accept facts which contradicted their pre-
conceived notions, and sacrificed real knowledge at.
the shrine of prejudice. The wildest and most ex-
traordinary experiments were resorted to to sustain
their fallacies, and every one who ventured to doubt
or to dispute them was immediately silenced or
scouted. We have now arrived at a more enlightened
and more hopeful condition. If we do not actually
know so much as we wish, we at least are ready to
acknowledge the imperfection of our learning and
prompt to remedy its deficiencies so far as lies in
Our Power. Our scientific men confess themselves
to be in
some measure baffled by the kindred
visitations of the cholera and the cattle plague,
and accordingly, instead of insisting that they
know all that can be known, they are endeavour-
ing to extend the area of their information. In
this attempt they are assisted by the authorities
of their different nations, and we find that the
establishment of a conference
to discover the
first causes of an outbreak of cholera, the places
where it originates, and the peculiar characteris-
tics of its progress, is now finally determined on.
M. DROUYN DE L'Huvs has just issued a circular
to the various diplomatic representatives of Francs,
informing them of the objects and character of
the Conference, and the importance which the
EMPEROR attaches to its deliberations. It is well
known that one of the primary objects of this Con-
ference will be to inquire into the customs of the
fanatics who yearly journey to Mecca, whose
extravagant superstitions, and filthy habits, and
reckless ignorance are believed to contribute greatly
towards the spread, of the evil. Heaps of animal

and vegetable refuse putrifying under an Eastern
sun are certainly not calculated to favour sanitary
conditions ; yet remains of thousands of sheep,
sacrificed by these pilgrims, are left decayiug in the
desert sands, to the serious injury of the public
health. The arrangements of many Eastern cities,
even those which are the highways of travel, are
certainly such as in England we should consider
fraught with danger. Despite the Turkish love of
the bath, their fatalist doctrines prevent them from
exerting themselves to remove the causes of disease
and death. This reform, like many others, must
begin at the top of the scale, and accordingly the
proposed conference, to which most of the European
Governments have given their consent, is likely to
do much good. Delegates from different States are
to confer with the scientific men most qualified to
assist them, and they are to unite in endeavouring
to throw all possible light on a subject so vitally
important to all nations. The Conference, it is
premised, will have no power to interfere in the in-
ternal affairs of any country, but its office will be
to suggest remedies, advise precautions, and, above
all, ascertain as far as may be the causes which
originate and develope the malady. Such ob-
jects are reasonable and inoffensive to the most
prejudiced Governments, and we can only hope that
its researches may increase our scientific knowledge
and lead to practical good.

Many have been the victims to the tyranny and
misrule of the great German Powers, and now it

would seem as if the city of Frankfort was ,to fall the

next sacrifice. The consternation in that quarter
at all events appears to be very considerable, and
people seem to think that there is no time to lose in
making their protest against the extravagant as-
sumption of the encroaching kingdoms, who would
fain monopolise all power and possession to them-
selves. At a sitting of the Legislative Assembly a
motion was brought forward in reference to the
notes addressed to the Senate by Austria

and Prussia, which requested the Senate to
give "speedy information" as to whether com-
munication had been really received from the
Governments of Austria and Prussia that were
" injurious" to the independence of the Free City
of Frankfort, and also directed especially against
the method in which the laws of the press and asso-
ciations have hitherto been administered. A great
deal of debate followed the proposal of this motion,
and one speaker, Dr. REINGANUM, wished to post-
pone it for a few days, but Dr. BRAUNFELS wisely
advocated the " immediate passing" of the motion.
He said that great danger might be apprehended in
consequence of the remarks of the Prussian Press
concerning the meaning of these "Notes," and,
besides, as they knew that similar notes had been
sent to other Federal States, "Frankfort should pre-
cede these Governments with an energetic protest."
It was truly stated that the chief feature of these
notes was that they could not be regarded as a
mere harmless objection, but they were in fact a
" new act of compulsion." This is, in reality, the

right explanation of the matter, and the more

widely it is entertained, and the more fully appre-
ciated the better for all States concerned in main-
taining their independence inviolate, and their in-
terests unimpaired. An insidious foe is sapping at
the liberty that still remains to the smaller States of
Germany, and it will only be by firm
resolution and vigorous efforts that any de-
cided stand can be made. half measures will
not do, and a timid, vacillating policy can never
effect the desired object.
This indirect attempt upon the rights and privi-

leges of Frankfort is a monstrous thing, and cannot
be too sternly reprobated. As Dr. FRIEDLEBEN
observed, the " honour of the States and their duty
suissus asuianueu rapid action; the Senate should
be reminded of the ancient motto of the free city of
Frankfort—' Strong in right.'" If the majority
would only adopt such a course, it could not fail to
secure them the best protection against their new
encroachment on their rights ; but the worst of the
matter is, that in all the deliberations that take place
in German States so much valuable time is lost, and
so much energy exhausted in useless discussions, that
little or nothing is effected, until the evil has gone
too far to be checked. If even now, under the ad-
verse aspect of things, at present all the minor
states Ad principalities were to combine at once,
in a vigorous style, and assume a determined atti-
tude, much might be done to check the aspirations
of the two great Powers, but, unfortunately Herr
Von BISMARCK is only too well versed in those
peculiarities which afford him so much advantage
in dealing with the numerous petty principalities.
He goes straight to his goal, but they are ever
changing about, and while they study this conven-
tionality, and debate upon this precedent, he has
changed forms and usages, abolished old customs and
established new doctrines. Just now he has his
hands full enough to satisfy the most daring and
designing Minister that ever filled a high office of
State or sought to gain an immense sway over the
various states and kingdoms near him. A great
deal of political capital has been made out of the
visit of Herr VON BISMARCK to France, and it is
sought to impress upon the mind of the public that
his flattering reception there has put all things
straight, and entirely done away with the evil im-
pression that M. DROUTN DE L'HITYS'S famous note
created in both France and Prussia. This is mere
idle reasoning after all, because there is no-
thing definite to show to substantiate the asser-
tion. Mere reports will not do, and for the
matter of that, as the French Emperor has no in-
tention of going to war, at present at all events, he
could not do otherwise than be civil and cordial to
a statesman so high in the favour of his Sovereign,
and so influential in controlling the destinies of his
country as Herr BISMARCK. We have yet to learn
that a word or sign was uttered or manifested
which can give grounds for supposing that any im-
portant issue will be the result of the visit of the
Berlin factotum to the Emperor. Sharp and dex-
terous as Herr Von BISMARCK is, he has yet
to show that he is the equal, far more the superior,
of Louis NAPOLEON in discernment and
sdis-
cretion. After the very strong opposition which
was made in France to the designs of the German
Powers, and the unsparing abuse which the French
press continually heaped upon the course which they
followed, it is not at all likely that the least en-
couragement will now be afforded when the culmi-
nating point of oppression has been reached. The
progress which has been made in France for the
last few years is a strong and striking contrast to
the retroga(io movements of the Prussians, and the
idea of any coalition worthy of the name now taking
place between the two countries is quite prepos-

terous.

Among the most sensible remarks that have been
made by the various speakers on the subject of the
Duchies may be mentioned the speech of M.
lIARKART relative to the tone of policy adopted by
the ruling Powers. He did not attend the Frank-
fort meeting he says, because he did not desire to
forestate the next resolutions of the Prussian Par-
liament. Some of his observations are most worthy
of notice, especially those wherein he alludes to the
want of principle that is so apparent in the chief
actors in the transactions. " He who does not
respect the right of disposal of others undermines his
Own liberty, and never will accept the fatal doctrine

that might is superior to right. WELLESLEY'
motto of honesty is the best policy' appears to be
ignored by the statesmen of the present day."
These are truths that are more forcible than plea-
sant, but many will do well and wisely to dwell
upon them, and it is quite refreshing to meet with
so straightforward an address at this juncture,
when tyranny and misrule appear to be the order
of the day in German politics.

An animated address on the advantages of social
intercourse and the interchange of ideas and expe-
rience was delivered on Saturday evening, at the
Associated Arts' Institute. It was the first meet-
ing of the Assembly for the season, and was pre-
sided over by the Chairman, Mr. WESTMACOTT,
It.A., being attended by a large number of the
members and their friends, who were possibly at-
tracted by the subject under discussion, as well as
by the circumstance of its being the inaugural
meeting. It seems that this young Institute, whose
objects are to deliver addresses and hold debates on
matters connected with the fine arts, as well as to
afford artists an opportunity of exhibiting their
sketches, interchange ideas, and, generally speak-
ing, afford facilities for friendly intercourse among
professional " brethren in arms and rivals in re-
nown," has received some severe criticisms. It is,
as we have said, a comparatively new undertaking,
having been commenced in 1863, but it has been
hitherto a decided success. Perhaps this success
has been the came of those censures and strictures
to which Mr. WALL, on Saturday evening, under-
took to reply. The title of his address was, " The
Importance of General Mental Culture to the
Artist," and laboured not unsuccessfully to prove
that the free interchange of thought and experi-
ence, the pleasant cultivation of kindly and social
tastes and feelings, were no less conducive to the
real development of the artist's powers
than his hours of severer study. " The
duty which, as artists, they owed to
art was also," argued Mr. WALL, " the duty which
socially and morally they owed to society. Whether
they shrank from it in cowardice, neglected it in
idleness, or vulgarly mocked at it in selfishness, they
were alike culpable and unfaithful." This dictum
is not so extravagant, nor this warning so uncalled
for, as some might be disposed to believe. The
artistic temperament is generally supposed to be
only too easily attracted and engrossed by the plea-
sures of society ; but there is an opposite danger,
less apparent, but not less real than the absorption
of the mind in pleasure. It is a danger which be-
sets thoughtful and reflective minds in all profes-
sions, and because they shrink from a mere butterfly
existence, leads them to an isolation and a self-
absorption
which is injurious alike to mind and
heart. Every really great man must study life.
Beforo he can speak powerful and enduring lessons
to his fellows he must mingle freely with them—
must share their interests, must learn to bear their
foibles, to tolerate their absurdities, to pity their
errors. The man who shuts himself in his library
or his studio is not the man to do this, and the
more lofty and engrossing his study, the less sym-
pathy he will have with that common world of life
from which, after all, the motive powers of art and
poetry are drawn. Apart from the mental gain,
there is a very positive physical gain in the relief
afforded to the severely tasked faculties by pleasant
change of thought and scene. The martyrs of art
and study have too often fallen victims to their own
disregard of those simple laws of our being which
the sublimest genius cannot afford to contemn.
iEsor's illustration of the unstrung bow has long
since grown hackneyed, but it is very much to be
doubted if its lesson has been sufficiently heeded.
The evils of excessive study and too long continued
application in the training of the young have long
since been pointed out by intelligent physicians, but
children of a larger growth have need to be taught
the same truth. Excess in anything defeats itself,
and while the headlong pursuit of pleasure numbers
more victims than all the arts and sciences ever
sarificcd, yet the artist who would attain pre-
eminence must not exhaust his energies by unre-
mitting toil. It must be interesting to the mem-
bers of the same profession to compare opinions
and to discuss their common objects as seen from
different points of view, and such cultivation of the
general intelligence is not without its beneficial
influence on art. Mr. WALL said forcibly, that "if
the architect was not to degenerate into the huilder,
painters and sculptors into mere decorators, and
decorators into mechanical manufacturers, they
must have more and higher thought amongst them."
As one meats of diffusing such thought, and of
helping to raise the profession at least to sympathy
with the highest, such institutes as these are con-
ducive to the interests of art, and as long as its
members honestly strive for the objects which they
set before them they will be likely to secure, as
they well deserve, success.

THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.—.Mr. A. D. Bartlett,
superintendent of the Zoological Gardens, contra-
dicts the statements made with reference to the cattle
plague having destroyed two bisons and three Italian cattle
in the gardens. The truth is that no bisons have been in
this collection for several months, and of the three Italian
cattle the cow is in perfect health ; one of the two bulls
was slaughtered, as these animals showed strong symptoms
of inflammation of the lungs; the other bull died from this
same cause. All the ruminants are in perfect health. The
only animal in the collection showing signs of sickness is
a large baboon.

PRESIDENT LINCOLN is thus sketched by the
Atheneum as at once the most comical and the
most melancholy of men !—A singular, a sad, a humorous
man, full of originality and character, is the subject of Mr.
Raymond's pen. Tall, unwieldy, gaunt in look, wabbling
in motion, pinched in lip, with huge jaws and chin, strong
cheek bones, wan colour, big ears, and shaggy brows,
round all of which bristled a dark, thin stubble of hair—
such was the visible Abraham Lincoln of the strangers'
room. Only a pair of solemn eyes, now drooping with
weight of care, now lightening with sudden laughter, told
of the kindly sense, the'sympathising heart, within that out-
. ward, almost forbidding crust. For many months after his
name had become a household word with us in England, wo
thought of him chiefly (apart from his politics and his posi-
tion) as a jester, a shrewd storyteller, a new edition of
" Sam Slick;" we had no idea of his more serious side of
character, of his abstraction, his melancholy, of what the
Puritans would have called his inwardness. We thought
him Yorick ; we had no suspicion that he was also Jaques.
Yet this quaint solemnity of aspect was the side of him
which struck his oountrymen most strongly ; and while his
enemies in London Were describing him as a jovial buffoon,
his enemies in Washington wore representing him as a
morose fanatic. But the two extremes of mirth and sad-
ness seemed to meet by natural appointment in this
singular man. A Radical member of Congress called
upon upon him in the dark days of 1862, just after a great
disaster. Lincoln began to relate some amusing trifle
The Radical member, big with the bad news, and anxious
to know how the President bore it, rose to his feet, and
said, " Mr. President, I did not come here this morning
to hear stories ; it is too serious a time." Instantly the
smile disappeared from Mr. Lincoln's face, who exclaimed,
"A--, sit down ! I respect you as an earnest, sincere
man. You cannot be more anxious than lam constantly,
erat vent,p ain e r
said should
h e
and I say to you now, that wore it not for this occa-
sionaltr
dhiaed the !"
lisia..ddCesatrpefnaeteer,
ever
p
worn by man. "During some of the dark days of
the spring and summer of 1864, I saw him at times
when his careworn, troubled appearance was enough
to bring tears of sympathy into the eyes of his most
bitter opponents. I recall particularly one day, when,
having occasion to pass through tho main hall of the do-
mestic apartments, I met him alone, pacing up and down
a narrow passage, his hands behind him, and head bent
forward upon his breast, heavy black rings under his eyes,
showing sleepless nights—altogether such a picture of the
effects of sorrow and care as I have never seen." All evi-
dence of eye-witnesses shows the same impression of the
jester; the familiar story, illustrated in a thousand lives,
from King Solomon down to clown Grimaldi. "No man,"
Mr's. Stowe says, "over suffered more and deeper, albeit
with a dry, weary, patient pain, that seemed to some like
iulienbibility." But for the vent Le would J44Y9 died. .

LATEST INTMLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELERA)IS.)

AMERICA.

ARRIVAL OF THE CITY (F WASHINGTON.
( Via Crooklwen.)

NEW YORK, (T. 14 (Morning).

President Johnson has ordered the cessation of
martial law in Kentucky. II) has also assured a
South Carolina deputation, wic presented a memo-
rial to him on behalf of Mr. Doris, that the Go-
vernment had no disposition for persecution or
thirst for blood. One of the reputation then asked
that Mrs. Jefferson Davis migit be allowed to re-
side with her friends in South Carolina, instead of
being confined in Georgia, as atpresent. To which the
President replied that he had received several
letters from Mrs. Davis, only one of which was of a
tone to recommend her as a subject for leniency.
Mr. M'Culloch, Secretary )f the Treasury, has
Made a speech, in which ha said the only proper
substitute for coin was a well secured, convertible
paper currency. If Congres.%uthorised the funding
of the legal tender notes, the work of reduction
could probably be reached without seriously em-
barrassing legitimate business, but, if not, a period
of seductive prosperity, resulting in wide-spread
bankruptcy, would ensue.
Messrs. Stephens and Regan have left Fortress
Monroe for the South.

General Grant has issued an order for the reor-
ganisation of the army. Al. volunteer cavalry east
of Mississippi are ordered tobe mustered out. All
the sea coast forts south of Fortress Monroe are to
be garrisoned by coloured troops.
The rest of the coloured troops are to be mustered
out as fast as they can be dispensed with.
President Johnson has pardmed Mr. Humphreys,
the newly-elected Governor of Mississippi.
Guerilla outrages continue in Mississifpi. Gen.
Howard is making arrangemeits for restoring to
their former owners certain co:stlands in Georgia,
South Carolina, and Florida, yhere freedmen were
located.

The Fenian Council, after a week's session, have
issued a circular calling a Co-Tress of the whole
order to assemble at Philadelpia on the 16th.
At the Government sale 6 cotton, yesterday,
best quality Sea Island brolght $1.65c. Good
middling Georgia, 66c. Good niddling Orleans, 65e.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

NEW YORK, thT. 14 (Morning.)

Money tight. Gold, 1448. &change on London :
157 ; on Paris, 3584. Stock, lower in conse-
quence of the increased stringency of money. New
York Centrals, 101 ; Illinois, /361 ; Erie, 191 ;
5-20 Bonds, 1058. Cotton firmer. Middling
Upland, 60c. Flour advancing. Wheat firmer.
Corn heavy. Provisions quet. Coffee, sugar,
and molasses steady. Petroieum dull. Crude,
38. Refined, 61.
ORLEANS, Oct. 12.—Cotton good inquiry. Mid-
dling Upland, 53.

VISIT OF THE EMPRESS OF THE
FRENCH TO THE PARIS HOSPITALS.

PARIS, OCT. 24.

The Moniteur of this morning gives the following
account of the visits paid by he Empress to the
hospitals of Paris :

" The Empress, although suffering from a severe
cold, devoted the entire day to visiting the patients
suffering in the hospitals from cholera. Her Ma-
jesty successively visited the hospitals Beaujou,
Lariboisiere, and St. Antoine, and approached the
bedside of all the cholera patients, questioning and
exhorting than with solicitude and devotion. A
Sister of Charity stated with great satisfaction that
the number of recoveries showed a notatln ahn fo-
ment of the epidemic. A. largo crowd cheered her
Majesty on leaving the hospitals."
The Emperor has placed in the hands of the
Minister of the Interior 25,000 francs, the Empress
15,000, and the Prince Imperial 1,000, for the
families of those who have died from cholera.

The Minister of Public Instruction has published
a note stating that the sanitary condition of the
Paris and Marseilles Colleges is as satisfactory as
could be desired.

A telegram received here front Jersey states that
from an inquiry which has been instituted it results
that no case of yellow fever has taken place at

Guernsey.

AUSTRIA. AND MEXICO.

VIENNA, OCT. 24.

The General Correspondenz, in an article upon
the rumours that Austria had agreed to place a yearly
contingent at the disposal of the Mexican Govern-
ment, says :—" The sole cause for these rumours is
that negociations have taken place for permission to
raise recruits in Austria, in order to fill up the
vacancies from death and other causes in the ranks
of the Austro-Mexican volunteers. The total num-
ber of men allowed to be recruited would at the
most amount to 2,000. The negociations are pend-
ing. The expenses incurred in levying these recruits
will be exclusively borne by the Mexican Govern-
ment."

notes of Prussia and Austria, expresses regret that,
considering the present stage of the negotiations, it
must confine itself to state that such despatches
have really been brought to its notice by the Minis-
ters of Austria and Prussia. The contents of these
despatches require grave consideration, but the
Senate will not hesitate vigorously to uphold the
independence of the Free Town of Frankfort. The
Senates reserves its right of making further commu-
nication to the Legislative Body on this subject as
soon as the circumstances will allow.

Death of Lord Palmerston.

The following despatch has been received at the
French Embassy :
The Minister of Foreign Affairs to Baron Bantle, Chargé

d'Affaires of Franco in Loudon

Monsieur,—The Emperor and his Government could
not, without a profound sentiment of regret, witness the
disappearance from the political scene of the eminent
statesman whose loss England at this moment deplores.
His death has profoundly moved public opinion in the
country which he served for long years with so much dis-
tinction. It will echo loudly wherever the English name
is known. For ourselves, Monsieur, we have had in many
important circumstances the opportunity of appreciating
the high qualities with which Lord Palmerston was en-
dowed, and we shall always love to remember how much
he contributed to the establishment of the relations of con-
fidence and friendship which, from the beginning of the
Second Empire, have existed between France and England.
Lord Palmerston was the first, in the month of December,
1851, to recognise the character of the courageous resolu-
tions which the situation of France inspired in his Majesty.
He loyally accepted the consequences, placing himself
above the resentments of the past, with a freedom of judg-
ment so much the more honourable, that at the opening of
his career he had been mixed up in the ancient strifes ; he
used his influence to bring to the comprehension of his
fellow-citizens the services rendered to the cause of order
in Europe by tho events which had been accomplished, in
France_•

A few years afterwafds we found in Lord Palmerston
the most decided and certain assistance, when the compli-
cations in the East occurred, calling on the two nations to
unite their efforts, and led them to contract that alliance,
not less remarkable by the intimate and loyal agreement of
the Cabinets than by the noble emulation of the armies.

Nor could we forget the part which belongs to Lord Pai-
merston in the negotiation of the Treaty of Commerce, con-
cluded five year 3 ago. As first Minister of the Queen he had
emphatically approved the idea of consolidating the relations
of England with us by giving them for base a stricter soli-
darity of material interests. He seconded with all his power
the inauguration of that liberal system, henceforth conse-
crated by experience and adopted to-day by the majority
of the States of the Continent.

These acts belong to the history of the two countries.
The name of Lord Palmerston will remain attached to it,
and we shall not lose the recollection of the role which ho
played in conjunctures of so great an interest for the rela-
tions of France and England. We make it a duty to unite
the testimony of our sympathies to the honours which the
British nation so justly renders to his memory. I beg of
you to be the interpreter to Lord Russell of the sentiments
o: the Emperor and the Government of his Majesty. You
will be good enough at the same time to transmit to the
Principal Secretary o: State of the Queen a copy of this
despatch.—Receive, &c., DROUIN DE LHUYS.

The following remarks upon Lord Palmerston's
death and career are gathered from the continental
journals :
The Journal des Debats says :—" Entering public life at
a very early age, in the beginning of the century, he has
never since ceased to take an active part in the affairs of
his country. We shall subsequently consider in a special
article this long political career, sometimes so brilliant,
often contradictory as to the principles and means em-
ployed, but immutable in its aspiration, which was to serve
the interests of England at any price. It is this, without
speaking of the remarkable talents of Lord Palmerston,
which explains the popularity he enjoyed up to the last
moment among his countrymen, and certainly, if anything
in the world ever was sincere, it is the unanimous regret
expressed this morning by the English press, upon this
point a very faithful echo of public opinion. We at least
are not singular in considering the policy of Lord Palmer-
ston as having nearly served its time, and as no longer
responding to the ideas and wants of the present day ; but
in addition to his other merits, the celebrated Minister
possessed that of being pre-eminently English. He was
English from his heart, by instinct and by intelligence.
He loved England passionately, and we ought to add, to
the praise of our neighbours, that similar temperaments
are not rare amongst them.
The Monde states :—" The death of the Queen's Prime
Minister is an event. His influence, his experience, and
his pliability of mind rendered him a figure worthy to be
exwaiined, if not admired. The study of the noble lord's
political life would be a complete History of England au,
the ti.l.ty years. It is not the most brilliant
period of that history. Thy uLLltutly of the English Go-
vernment has not always had that firmness which made
the reputation of its statesmen at the c'ose of the last or
the commencement of the present century. It is, perhaps,
necessary to attribute this relative weakness to the reaction
consequent upon the immense efforts made by England to
overthrow the First Empire. There is another phase of
Lord Palmerston's personality which deserves still more
attentive examination, and which may explain more than
one apparently illogical act. Lord Palmerston occupied a
very high rank in European freemasonry. The part
played by England in the matter of the Italian
annexations, and principally in Sicily and at Naples,
is in the remembrance of all. The official re-
ception given to Garibaldi a reception which the
will of tho Prime Minister might have prevented—
the attitude taken by the Cabinet of St. James's, under the
influence of its president, upon every occasion when there
has been question of some undertaking having a political
character—these facts and many others prove to demon-
stration that official acts must not be the only ones to bo
regarded with importance by the historian of Lord Pal-
merston."

The Opinione Nationale remarks :—" A grand figure has
just left the world's stage. Lord Palmerston is dead.
During the sixty years that he has entered into political
life he has never ceased to occupy, either iu power or in
opposition, an important place. A rare mixture of pru-
dence and decision, of suppleness and vigour, has kept him
for more than half a century in the foremost rank of
British statesmen; he combined, in the highest degree, the
qualities and the defects of his country, which loved to re-
cognise in him one of the most finished examples of the
English character. Latterly, every rumour, every dis-
cussion, ceased around him ; it seemed that Great Britain
had grown old with her First Minister. This death will
probably be the signal for a new classification of parties,
and if the foreign policy of England is not likely to bo
changed, internal questions, and especially electoral re-
form, aro likely to demand a large share of attention.
France does not lose a friend in Lord Palmerston. Still,
we cannot announce his death without paying a last tri-
bute of respect to the eminent statesman, who, sometimes
our ally, sometimes our adversary, will be known in his-
tory as one_ of the accomplished typos of an English gen-
tleman and statesman." .

La Patrie says :—" England has just lost her ablest
Minister, her greatest statesman since Fox and Pitt. Lord
Palmerston died yesterday. It is the most fatal blow the
Government of the Queen could receive. When England
lost Sir Robert Peel his policy was clearly marked. Lord
Palmerston carries with him the secret of a policy which
we may criticise, but which, it must be confessed, has often
been the strength, the resource of Great Britain. It is
less, however, by his acts than by the prestige of his name,
his long experience, and his relations with all the leading
men of the age, that Lord Palmerston was a power for his
country."

Le Nord states :—" Lord Palmerston was more than the
chief of a party, more than an able Minister. He was a
national illustration of which the English people, Conser-
vatives as well as Liberals, were proud ; and before his
tomb the dissensions of parties must be silent to make way
for a universal mourning. The impression produced by
the death of the First lord of the Treasury will be so much
the more profound as his popularity was increasing. . . All
other news disappears before this death, which will for a
long time absorb public attention."
La France says :—" One of the greatest personages of
our age has just disappeared from the political scene. Lord
Palmerston is dead. It is impossible to foresee at present
the influence which this sad event will have upon the
policy of England, and the important questions which con-
cern the peoples of our times. . . . He was one of the
most perfect and large-minded of political geniuses. Ile
was an administrator and a man of the tribune, a legislator
and an orator. He held iu his hands all the threads of
European diplomacy, and ho never let one escape him by
chance or without a purpose. The loss which England
has sustained is immense."

The Presse observes :—" The old policy of England will
ho buried in Lord Palmerston's tomb, and the hour of de-
mocracy will soon strike in liberal England. The states-
man who would succeed to the heritage of Palmerston
must have the courage to become the Robert Peel of
universal suffrage."

Tho Avenir National says :—" He was very indifferent
to the great movements which troubled other countries,
and saluted the Republic of 1848 and the coup d'etat of 1851
with empressement."

L'lndependance Beige says :—" A man who has played a
grand rode in the history of his country and of the world
died yesterday. Lord Palmerston, Primo Minister to
Queen Victoria, is no more. His loss will be regarded as
a public calamity. The quickness, suppleness, and the
infinite resources of his intellect; his courage in confront-
ing, sometimes with a levity more apparent than real,
difficulties and dangers before which othor statesmen re-
coiled; an invaluable aptitude to foresee the fluctuations
•
of public opinion, and to follow them wfen the interests
of England or those of its ambition counselled him—these
Are palitieo during long political career made

Lord Palmerston the most popular person in his own
country, and the corner-stone of the arch which main-
tained the balance of parties in the period of transforma-
tion which England, and Europe with her, is traversing
at this moment."

The Cologne Gazette says :—"lf any one in future times
wishes to sketch the portrait of an English statesman he
had better try to write Lord Palmerston's history. Free
England has the good fortune to possess statesmen of
reputation as a special class—men called by birth
and education to devote themselves to public
affairs. Palmerston had not the moral' elevation
nor the entrancing fire of the elder Pitt—
not the cool calculation of the younger, not the deep seri-
ousness and the religious conscientiousness of a Peel. The
English also do not assign him so high a place in oratory
as the fiery Canning; nay, they even consider him as sub-
ordinate to the sophistical Gladstone, and other modern
speakers. But this judgment is probably mainly based
upon imperfect delivery and outward form; otherwise it
would only prove the defective taste of the English. Many
of his speeches, even those only delivered at an election or
a dinner, are real masterpieces of manly eloquence and
delicate taste, overflowing with spirit and humour. With-
out being a learned man, or an expert, he yet represented
the advanced spirit of general education and enlightened
humanity as hardly any other Englith statesman, and yet
he was a genuine Englishman in mind and manner of life.
He was as indefatigable in the hunting field as at the desk,
and exercised all the more influence over his nation because
he was its genuine son. As regards his personal character
as a man, he had no enemy., From one generation of Eng-
lishmen to another the saying will be handed down, We
are all proud of him.'"

The iloniteur of Saturday announced that the Emperor
and Empress had caused the expression of their sympathies
to be transmitted to Lady Palmerston.

The following are among the opinions of our
weekly contemporaries :
The Saturday:Review says:—lf he was not a groat Minis-
ter, he was the most fortunate of statesmen and not the
least prudent. He thoroughly understood his own coun-
trymen, and it happened that his system of foreign policy
at length, after the lapse of many years, coincided with the
creed which was universally adopted. His only bitter ad-
versaries were the advocates of democratic change and the
tribe of intolerant theorists. More impartial critics thought
that his popularity was extravagant, and that longevityf
was in itself rather an accident than a virtue. His hold
howeVer, on public sympathies, if it was not profound,
was almost universal. His memory will be the more
pleasantly recalled because he died in the full tide of
prosperity, without any painful interval of obscure decay
The Spectator says—He is the last of the school of Mini-
sters whose imaginations were trained by the story of
Chatham's and Pitt's coups in foreign policy, though he
never deserved the reputation for rashness which these
ideas gained him. Higher-minded statesmen wo have ;
bolder, more sagacious, and more honourable in feeling we
probably shall not have again.
The Observer says—Even the foreign nations with whom
his unswerving duty.to his own country so often brought
him into angry conflict have done justice to his memory,
and see in that very devotion to his own land the highest
title to their respect and admiration. When the departure
of such a man—however inevitable it must have been—is
felt as a shock over the wide, wide world, what must it be
to those who were accustomed to the charm of his inter-
course, or who were honoured with his confidence and
esteem? It is more than 20 years since the Observer ven-
tured to call him the foremost man left in Europe. That
estimate was censured then by political opponents as the
exaggerated tribute of personal admiration, or of a criti-
cism more friendly than just. And yet there is none to
dispute now its fairness or its truth.

The London Review says—No statesman of our own day
has enjoyed so world-wide a reputation, and, whether
rightly or wrongly, none has been so universally accepted
abroad as in a peculiar degree the representative of Eng-
land. His disappearance from the scene of action will be
regarded by foreign nations as the probable inauguration
of an important change in the foreign policy of England.
We do not think that that anticipation is likely to be rea-
lised, but there can be no doubt that the noble lord's death
will have an important effect at home. No other states-
man can ragy round him the whole Conservative forces of
the kingdom; nor can an'y one else oppose reform with-
out losing the confidence or forfeiting the support of the
Liberal party.

Ame lean Cotton.

The Boston Journal of the 11th says :

The price of cotton is going up at a rapid rate, in con-
sequence of an active spinning and speculative demand.
During the latter half of last week it advanced 6c. per
pound; and Monday, after the receipt of the China news,
the price rapidly rose 8c more, making a total riso of 14c.
since Wednesday last. At the close of business on Mon-
day, good middlings were sold at 58c. per pound, and
some holders wero asking 60c. The market opened strong
on Tuesday morning, when the same quality of cotton
was quoted at 60c. to 65e.

The steamer Tycoon, from Memphis for Lduis-
-.4n, with I_soo bales of cotton,_had been burned
on the Mississippi. Texas pap,x. vtimate that there
will not be more than half a crop of cotton. The
cotton of that State that was raised by Germans is
said to be of clearer and of finer quality than that
raised by slaves. It is estimated that 25,000 bales
of cotton will be procured this year along the line
of the Illinois Central Railroad, against 5,000 bales
last year.

• The New Orleans Picayune, of the 30th of Sep-
tember, reports on the markets there:—

The weather being more favourable than for some time
past, although not quite settled, cotton buyers come for-
ward with increased spirit to-day, but generally with
-offers below tke views of factors. As many of the latter,
however, evinced a disposition to meet the demand more
freely, a fair amount of business was done, at prices show-
ing a decided advantage on the side of the buyers. At the
same time, all even running or otherwise desirable lists
commanded previous rates ; and, for the present, we do not
feel justified in reducing our quotations. The sales were
to a liberal extent. We have the particulars of 8,100 bales,
but hear of something brought by a party we were unable
to see, which will probably swell the amount to 3,250 balesr
The business included 900 bales to one party, and 600, 500,
160, 150, 100, 80, 60, rind some smaller lots to others. Re-
ferring to our remarks above, we continue to quote ordi-
nary at 32. to 35c ; good ordinary at 38c. to 40c. ; low
middling at 41c. to 43c. ; and middling at 44c. to 45c.

Bales.
.. 83,239

Statement of Cotton.
Stock on hand September 1, 1865....
Received to-day 7,204

Received previously..

67,633 74,887

Total 158,126

Exported to-day
Exported previously

Stock on hand and on shipboard not cleared 105,235

SINGULAR ACCIDENT TO CHANG WOO Gow.—
Yesterday morning a singular accident happened to
Chang. Woo Gow, the Chinese giant. hitherto the mana-
gers have contrived to transport their gigantic charge to
and from the Egyptian Hail without permitting him to be
seen by the inquisitive eyes of the public. But yesterday
morning all the precautions were frustrated by a singular
accident. As the vehicle containing the Chinese party
neared Westminster Abbey the weight of Chang proved
too much for the carriage, the bottom of which suddenly
gave way, precipitating the whole Celestial party into the
mud. Chang bore the accident with his usual philosophical
equanimity, but poor little Chung Mow was sadly disturbed
by his sudden plunge in the mud, and King-foo's modesty
was seriously offended. However, they contrived to scram-
ble upon the seats, and managed to retain their position in
the dilapidated vehicle until they were safely deposited at
the Egyptian Hall.

THE YORKSHIREMAN'S VIEW OF Tox THUMB.—A
very raw Yorkshireman lately came to town to see
General Tom Thumb, his wife, family, &c. He arrived late
on the night of the very day that General T. T., his wife,
family, &c., had held their last levee. The Yorkshireman
was in despair. He had travelled all the way from Rose-
berry Topping to see General Tom Thumb, and he could
not endure his disappointment. Luckily, he had a letter
introduction to the editor of a London newspaper. He
delivered the letter, and prayed the editor, who of
course as an editor was all powerful, to get him a pri-
vate interview with the General. The editor, anxious
to get rid of the young man, pacified him by telling him
that he would use his best endeavours. The editor left
his house, and on his way to his office met Mr. Paul Bed-
ford, to whom he related the Yorkshireman's embarrass-
ment. Paul took the editor by the button-hole, and said,
"Dear boy, dear boy ; bring him to see me. I'll be General
Tom Thumb." The editor saw the joke, and saw the
Yorkshireman to Mr. Paul Bedford's house. "Is General
Tom Thumb at home ?" asked the Yorkshireman. " Yes,
sir," said the servant, who immediately ushered him into
his portly presence. The Yorkshireman looked upon Mr.
Paul Bedford, and Mr. Paul Bedford returned his gaze.
"I beg your pardon," said the countryman; "there is some
mistake. I wished to see General Tom Thumb." "I am
General Tom Thumb," said Paul, blandly. " You ?" cried
the asbnished Yorkshireman. "Me ! Sit down, sit down,
dear boy ; and take a glass of wine." "It is a swindle—a
robbery—a do—an imposition," roared the countryman.
"What is ?" asked Paul, innocently. " You are," cried
the Yorkshireman. " The bills say you are only two feet
something high—that you oniliyweigh but seventeen
lam in
pounds.''
'• No more I do," said Paul, ‘ n public
pri-
vate here, at home, and taking my ease. And—and your
wifo and baby ?" stammered Roseberry Topping. " Just
now they are out," was the reply, "and, therefore, of the
size and weight described in the programme. No
one knows what we public characters go through in
our anxiety to gratify our audiences. You see, during
our levees, we suffer so much from compression that we
are obliged to resort to these means to restore the natural
balance."--Illustrated 7 lines.

Fir*
(0-turt - tint

The Prince and Princess of Wales,

The Prince and Princess of Wales, accompanied
by Prince Alfred, Princess Hilda of Anhalt, and
Prince John of Glucksburg, went to her Majesty's
Theatre yesterday evening.

The Hon. Mrs. Grey, Major Grey, and Lieut.
Haig were in attendance.

Her Highness Princess Anatole Bariatinsky,
accompanied by her son, Prince Alexander BariatinskY,
has returned to the Clarendon Hotel from the Isle of
Wight.

The Prince Lichnows.ky has arrived at the St.
George's Hotel.

The Marquis and Marchioness of Clanricarde

arrived in town yesterday from a visit to Lord Broughton
•
at Tedworth House, Wilts.

The Marquis de Gallifet, Count de Louveneourt,
Baron de Niviere, M. Charles Laffitte, and M. A. GaiitraY,.
have arrived at the Clarendon Hotel from Paris.

Lord Stanley, M.P., returned home from tho
Continont on Friday last. _ .

Lord Clarence Paget, M.P., has arrived at his
official residence at the Admiralty from his seat in Wales.
- Lady Egerton of Tatton has left St. James's-
square for Cheshire.

Lieutenant-General Sir Richard-Airey, K.C.8.1
has left Farranee's Hotel for Herefordshire.

M. OTT.—The mortal remains of the unfortunate
M.Ott, who died at Bonn of the wounds he had re-
ceived from Count d'Eulenburg, have been transferred from
the place where they were deposited to a piece of ground
purchased with the money sent front Alsace, Baden, Sco•
A monument is to bo raised over the tomb of the defunct
with the surplus of the money added to the produce of col-
lections to be made amongst the Population.
THE COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS' LIFEBOATS.
The commercial travellers in the United Kingdom',
but principally those of the Midland Counties and the North
of England, have liberally contributed the cost of two life-
boats to the National Lifeboat Institution. One of the boats
is stationed atPiol, on the coast of Lancashire,and the other
boat is being forwarded to Castletown, in the Isle of Man.
The boats aro respectively named the " Commercial Tra-:
eller, Nos. 1 and 2." Mr. R. Affieck, of Manchester, gr.
W. Bishop, of Boston, and other friends, have been inde-
fatigable in their kind exertions to promote the collection
of this lifeboat fund. By desire of the commercial travel-
lers their second lifeboat was taken to Sheffield on the way
to her station that they might have the opportunity of
seeing her ; and .a public demonstration took place
at Sheffield with the boat yesterday (Monday.)
The day being fine, thousands of people turned out
to see the "boat of mercy." She is a fine craft, 32ft. long
and 7ft. wide, carries ten oars, double banked, and is built
of mahogany. The ceremony of presenting the lifeboat to
the institution took place in the Botanical Gardens, the
use of which was generously granted by the proprietors.
Tho Rev. Canon Sale, vicar of Sheffield, pronounced
benediction on the boat, and Miss Jessop, the daughter of
the mayor, performed the ceremony of naming the boat.
After this part of the work had been gone through ISfr•
Bishop, on behalf of the donors, formally made the presen-
tation of the boat to the National Lifeboat Institution. It
should be added that a free conveyance was readily granted
to the boat and carriage by the Midland Railway Company
and by the continuous line of railway.companies to Liver-
pool, whence they were conveyed on similar liberal terms
by the Isle of Man Royal Mail Steam Steam Packet Com-
pany to Castletown.

TRADE OF CARDIFF.—During the nine months
ending September 30 last the exports of coal from
this port reached 1,081,418 tons; iron, 119,104 tons; pre-
served coal, 31,150 tons ; and coke, 6,844 tons. In 18"
the exports for the same period were'1,090,499 tons Of coat
and 127,351 tons of iron; and in 1863, 1,067,583 tons of
coal, and 136,060 tons of iron. The decrease this year, ns
compared with 1864, is mainly attributable to the failing
off in the continental demand during the summer months,
and the competition of other ports has also diverted a little
of the Aberdare coal traffic. The decrease in the exports
of iron was caused by the reduced shipments to America,
and a large quantity of iron that was formerly sent out
from the local ports to various foreign markets is now for-
warded to Liverpool and London for shipment.

SHOCKING CASE OF SUICIDE.--On Saturday morn-
ing Mr. Banks, a newsagent of Lewes, was passing
the door of a house occupied by a man named Brickman,
when Mrs. Brickman rushed out and told him that bar
husband had hung himself. Ascertaining from the woman
that she had cut her husband down, Mr. Banks fetched Dr.
Murrell, and on arriving at the house he found Brickman
lying on the floor of his bedroom. On an examination
being made life was found to bo extinct. At the inquest
in
tne evemus Ernni."-the evidence that the do-
ceased had lately given way to despondency, in consequence
of his fears that he should be ruined because of having taken
larger and more expensive premises. The jury gave
the
verdict that deceased hung himself while in a state of un-
sound mind.

THE CONFEDERATE GENERALS. —The rebel gene,'
rals, like our Federal soldiers, are dropping quietly
back into civil life. General Lee has just been installed,
with great humility and no show or ostentation, as pre-
sident of Washington College, at Lexington, Virginia.
General Johnston sought for the presidency of a railroad,
and, having failed to obtain it for some political or politic
reasons, is now an applicant for a similar position on another
road. General Humphreys has within a few days be°ll.,
elected Governor of Mississppi, and another rebel genera'
has been elected to Congress from the same state. General
Mansfield Lovell is raising turnips and squashes, and in-
dulging in other agricultural pursuits, sub tegmine falli on 11:
Southern farm. Another general is acting as inspector or
docks in New Orleans. General Tappan has gone back to
the iron and paper trade, in Vicksburg. Robert H. Ander-
son has gone back to the law, and G. M. Sorrell to the
banking business at Savannah. Sam. R. Anderson, °I
Nashville, who used to boast that he forced Andy Johnson
to advocate Breckinridge's election in 1860, is awaiting
Andy's pardon at Nashville. William B. Bate has re-
sumed the practice of law at Pulaski, Tenn., while Joel
Battle has done the same at Gallatin, and George Maud
at Nashville. Beauregard and Bragg have taken the oath,
and aro cultivating their plantations, the first in Esplanade
and the latter in La Fourche parish. Henry L. Banning,
finding that his hopes of being Governor of Georgia'
were crushed by the appointment of a Provisional 00-
vernor, has re-engaged in the practice of law at
Columbus. Albert G. Blanchard is living on his plan'
tation in Louisiana. Milledge L. Bonham, Saaia°l
M'Gowan, and James Connor are prominent candidates 'll
South Carolina for the United States Congress. Georg°
B. Crittenden has returned to Kentucky and to his brother's
family, content to take the oath and henceforth Whale
himself. Ben F. Cheatham is dividing his attention be"
tween his farm and the racecourse. Hardee is cultivating
the plantation of his wife in Alabama, and Buckner 100/cd-
ing after his wife's confiscated property in Chicago
Louisville. Mahone is back again to the scene of his firs"
traitorous act at Portsmouth. Forrest is running a sae
mill on the Mississippi. Wade Hampton is in South Car°'
line, trying to re-arrange his farm, which was left so deso"
late by Sherman that Wade could not find a horse to cans
him to the Convention at Columbia. Wm. T. Martin,
Mississippi, has been fortunate enough to got his plants-
tion back in good order, and is cultivating it on the free la"
bour system. Henry W. Hilliard is at home in Alabama
trying to prove that he has always been an out-and-oat
Unionist. Gen. Jordan is writing for Northern magazineft
and all the rest of them have resumed their old position:
round the bar rooms of the Southern cities.—New Yui'
Herald_ '

THE EASTERN PORTS.—Mr. R. Young, of Tins'
beach, has purchased the Robert Lowe steamer, of 2,000
tons burden, with cabin accommodation for 300 first-claee
passengers. Mr. Young is also building a serew steamer
of 1,200 tons burden at Sunderland. This latter vessel
will be ready for launching in a fortnight. The Great
Yarmouth Haven and Pier Commissioners intend to apply
to Parliament next Session for a bill to extend their
powers.

THE CONFESSION OF THE WIGAN MURDER.--:
Yesterday the prisoner John Healey, who is charge'
on his own confession with having been concerned in 061
murder of James Barton, at the Burton Pit, Haigh, nea.t,
Wigan, in January, 1863, was taken before the count/
magistrates by the police of the Wigan division, but 105
remanded for tho production of additional evidence. T'l;
general opinion seems to be that little if any credit is to D"
attached to the confession of the accused. .0
THE STATE OF THE MONEY MARKET.—The olio
nion of the best-informed judges is that money A`'•-t,
not be cheaper for a little while, and we have little dont)
that this opinion is well founded. It is certain that eerl'°
money will be sent to Egypt, and some will probablY o
sent to India also. How much it is not possible to lt;
but still some fair amount worthy of consideration. :41t
holders of silver ask long prices for it, and so show ihsl,
they believe, as we do, that the demand will be of Wl' •
poi-Lowe. It is true that the means of supplying this 0
mand aro augmenting. Money is about to come in fv°o
,1,
Ireland, and also from the country. After a brief perio
the periodical tide of cash from the interior will set to tb
Bank as strongly and as quickly as it has set from the l3anx.
The high rate of interest will attract money from the °an:
tinent, and already long-dated bills are greatly in deinaii, d
which is a usual symptom of an influx of continental asollejoi
It is impossible to predict with certainty whether or no
these immediate resources will enable us to meet the ti/i
cipated drain, at least without another rise in the rat':t,
discount; but on the whole we are inclined to believo,,,
for the present at least, they will do so. During the 11-too
week we do not anticipate the value of money to 1)1°011
higher, and we are pretty confident that it will no
lower.—Economist.