The Sun.
London, England, 1865-04-19 00:00:00

The Conflict at raenza,

The correspondent of the Unita Italiana, writing
frem Faenza on the 10th inst., gives the following
account of the conflict which has taken place in that
city between the people and the military force :

" Yesterday, the 9th inst., about 400 young men,
chiefly workmen, met together in a village about
two miles distant from the town, and to render their
party more jovial, brought with them a band con-
sisting of about 20 musicians. The day was passed
in friendly festivity ; many speeches were made, ac-
cording as chance introduced the different topics ;
and they drank the healths of Mazzini and Garibaldi,
in whom the party had most confidence. Towards
evening the young men proceeded to return to the
town, with the national flag and the band of music
at their head. On the road they met with two
patrols of soldiers of the line commanded by carabi-
neers, who let them pass on without molestation.
When they had nearly reached the Porta Montanara
they suddenly came upon a troop of about 30 armed
men, including carabineers, regular soldiers, and civil
guards, stationed right before them. The band was
then playing the hymn of Garibaldi, when, with-
out an instant's warning, the carabineers made an
attack upon the young men who carried the flag.
Others rushed on the musicians, summoning them
to disperse, and fired their revolvers several times,
wounding numbers more or less gravely. Then en-
sued the most indescribable confusion ; some fled,
and others took refuge in the neighbouring houses;
but the carabineers did not cease firing. Two of
the people fell seriously wounded, and the public
force made a number of arrests ; but as the 'civil
guards did not seem to consider the prisoners suffi-
ciently numerous, they went about arresting and
attacking every one that happened to pass that way,
violating the privacy of every house where they
thought any one might be sheltered. I cannot give
just now the exact number of the wounded, but I
can confidently state that there are many. Two
carabineers also are wounded, one with a stone, the
other with a pointed weapon. More than 50 per-
sons are arrested. The town is in the greatest sor-

row."

A correspondent of the Gazetta delle Romagne

says :

" The number of wounded is far greater than was
at first supposed. Some of the citizens slightly
hurt are being attended in their own houses, so that
the precise number cannot be arrived at. The num-
ber of arrests at first made was perhaps 100, but
very many were released immediately after having
been questionqd by the authorities."

PoSorUPL
OFPawLY
Boardha justMEDICINE i s
sTu 00 d TalIE circular SfC
onP otoh Re . POOR.—The
subjecthe
of the recommendation made in a report of a Parliamentary
committee on the subject, in which they suggest to guar-
dians the advisability of having cod-liver. quinine, and
other expensive medicines supplied from the workhouses
or some places under their own control, under prescriptions
from the medical office; in the same way as wines and
i
other extras. This document s signed by Lord Enfield,
the new secretary of the Poor Law Board.
The Russian Government has just contracted
with Messrs. Collins and Sibley, two American gentlemen,
for an electric telegraph to be laid from the mouth of the
Amoor to California, riot Behring Straits. The line is to be
opened on the 3d of April, 1870, the permission of the Eng-
Hs? and American Governments having been already ob-
tained for their respective territories, and every assistance
promised by the three Cabinets concerned.

NAR
ROW ESCAPE OF THREE PERSONS FROM
DROWNING.—A terrible occurrence, which nearly
resulted in the death by drowning of a child and two
young men, took place at Douglas, Isle of Man, a few days
ago. A little boy, a son of Mr. Candlish, of the Saddler's
Inn, Douglas, was playing at the quayside, when he
tumbled headlong into the harbour. A young man, ob-
serving the perilous position of the child, who had sunk
but risen again, gallantly, although he could not swim a
stroke, leaped into the harbour for the purpose of rescuing
the drowning boy. He at once grasped the child, but owing
to his inability to swim, he also sank, dragging the child
down with him, and there seemed every probability that
both would be drowned. At this juncture a young man
named Ewbanks leaped into the water, with the laudable
object of saving both the drowning creatures. The man
and child, in their frenzy, seized Ewbanks when he ap-
proached them in such a manner as to prevent his swim-
ming. The result was that Ewbanks was utterly unable
to save either of them, and there was now great danger
that the three individuals would be sacrificed. A largo
number of persons had congregated by this time, and the
excitement among them was intense. At length Ewbanks
managed to catch hold of a rope which was thrown to him,
by means of which he kept himself and the others afloat
until a boat picked them up. When rescued, both the
young men were greatly exhausted, and the child was in-
sensible. The latter, -however, was placed under medical
care; and quickly recovered.

TII EATR E-R OYA L, DRURY-LANE,
Managers. Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton.
THIS EVENING, Tom Taylor's Play of THE
ttaFOOL'S
REVENGE. Mr. Phelps; Messrs. H. Sinclair, A. yner,
E. Phelps, G. F. Neville, Miss Atkinson, and sirs. Ilerinann
Vezln.
Aft er which, on a scale of gre it splendour, Milton's Mask
of CO3HIS : Messrs. Walter Lacy, Ns illaye Cooper, liemi
Drayton, Miss Poole, Miss Augusta Th,TUSOII, and Mrs. H.
Vezio.

THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessen. Mf. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING, MYNITHER. Mr. Chip-
pendale ; Miss N. Moore, Miss s,nowdoOu, Miss F. Wright, Ac.
Alter which, THE, OMAN INBraid MAUVE.
M Meesdames
ssrs.
Sothern, Compton, HowWe, Farren, , Szc ;
Stuart, Lovell, Buckstone,
Followed by LORD DUNDREARY MARRIED AND
DONE FOR Dundreary, Mr. Sothern.
And EASY SHAVING. Miss Louise Keeley, Miss F.
Wright ; wes.rs. Clark, Gordon, Rogers, ,to.
To commence at 7.

NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI._
and 3.1an,.,r. c i. 11. aorler.
T 0-1 N IGHT, THE LOVE CHASE. Wildrake (his origi-
nal chan.cter), Mr. B. Webster. Messrs, Billin4ton, Ashley,
Stephenson. Widow 6reen ,23d Uwe), Mrs. Stirling; Con-
stance )23d time), Miss IlenriettA Simms; Lydia (her 2'.dappearance), Miss Sophie Young.
After watch, Bth time, a new Extravaganza, entitled
PAN ; or, The Loves of Echo and Narcissus. Messrs. J. L.
Toole, Paul Bedford, 2. J. Smith, R. homer, Miss Wooigar
Miss li. Kelly, Miss Lillian Bruce, and Miss A. Seam

To conclude with THE STEEPL KCiIASE ; or, In the
rigskin. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Paul Bedford ; Miss K. Kelly.

Commence at 7.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE
tinder the Sole Management of Mr. leechter.

THIS EVENING, SIMPSON AND CO. Messrs. Sam.
Emery, C. Horsman, Collett; Mesdames Elsworthy, Hen-
rade, E. Boyce, and Mrs. C. Horsman.

After which, at half-past Eight, TIIE MOUNTEBANK.
Belphegor M ,untebank), Mr. Fecht. r ; Paul (his son),
Illa,ter Pechter; supported by Messrs. Widdicomb, Ryder,
S. Emery, Fitzpatrick, E. Garden, C. florsman, Raymond,
Moreaind ; Miss C. Leclercq, Mdlle. Beatrice, and Mrs. C.
liorsman.

Doors open at Hali-past Six.
The Box-office open daily from Elevin till Five.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining.
THIS EVENING, a new Farce, by Mr. David Fisher.
entitled HEAKT-STRINGS AND FIDDLE-STRINGS.
After which, ARRAII NA I OGUE : Messrs. Dion Bouci•
vault, J. Biougharn, 11. Vandenhotl, D. Fisher, 1). Murray
Mrs. Boucicault and Miss M. Oliver.
To conclude with AN AMPLE APOLOGY.

noyAL STRAND THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manageress, Mrs. Swanborough.
THIS EVENING, at 7, CROSS PURPOSES: Mr. Par•
Belie; Miss Palmer.
After which, at 9. ONE TREE HILL. Messrs. Craven
Stoyle, Jame, Belford ; Miss A. Swanborough and Miss M,
Palmer.

To conclude with PATIENT PENELOPE. Miss Simp
son.

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HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.

THIS DAY.—Morning, 7h. 20m.—Afternoon, 7h. 54m.
To-Moßßow.-Morning, Bh. 30m.—Afternoon, Oh. 15m.

4, 0
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LONDON, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 19,
.1865.

The English public will hear with great regret
the dangerous illness of the young heir to the Rus-
sian Crown, just as all the brightest promises of
honour and happiness were held out before him.
Curiously enough, at the very moment when this
mournful intelligence reaches us, public attention is
eagerly turned to his native country, where a
question concerning the health or sickness, the
life or death, of thousands of the population is
under anxious discussion. The very full account
of the information given to the English Ambassa-
dor in St. Petersburg respecting the Russian epi-
demic will enable us perhaps to form a clearer idea
on the subject than has yet been possible from
the uncertain and conflicting accounts re-
ceived, and to judge in some measure how
nearly the danger concerns ourselves, and how it
may best be diminished or averted. It appears from
the inquiries put as to the foreign names of the dis-
ease that it does not offer any new forms of note,
that it has nothing unknown to science, and has
nothing special but its typhoid character, so that
the alarm which spread at the thought that a new
and fearful stranger was abroad, making terror
more terrible from its mysterious character, may at
once be calmed by this information. Typhus and
typhoid fever, it is said, always prevail in St. Peters-
burg in the autumn until the month of November,
reappearing frequently in the spring, when the
breaking of the ice encourages the return of vagrants
and casual workmen to the capital. The present fever
is only distinguished from its predecessors by greater
violence and extension, though other diseases of a
kindred character have shown themselves this year
in St. Petersburg for the first time. The most pro-
minent of these is the relapsing fever, which has
often shown itself in other parts of Russia, having
ravaged Moscow in 1840. Like all epidemics, it
has proved most contagious in the dwellings of the
working classes, and its origin is attributed to bad
hygienic arrangements, to the consumption of
doubtful vegetables, to the immoderate use of
spirits made from grain by the lower classes, and
to the unusual number of workmen present in the
capital last year, which occasioned excessive crowd-
ing of the poorer houses. To these are also added
the frequent atmospheric changes. It is worth
while to inquire how far the same causes exist among
ourselves, and the first point which strikes us is
that the very cause which is so much dwelt upon by
the St. Petersburg authorities is present to a great
degree in London. Our poorer quarters, always
overcrowded, have recently, notwithstanding all
sanitary improvements, become more and more
densely packed. The " hygienic conditions" spoken
of by the Russian doctors are in many of our lanes
and alleys very bad even in winter. The food of
our labouring classes, though generally far better
than that of the Russian peasantry, is often very
insufficient, and during this winter the high price of
meat has been injurious. The evils attending the
overcrowding of the wretched tenements in which
so many of our poor live have been again and again
thrust upon the public notice, the bad smells, the
foul air, the scanty supply of water, the imperfect
drainage, and a whole host of other injurious influ-
ences. But in many of the houses there are actually
too many persons for health under the most favour-
able circumstances, and, when all the other evils are
aided to this primary one, it is no great wonder
that typhus plays havoc when it first effects an
entrance. When such a disease first breaks out in
a house of six or eight rooms from the attic to the
cellar, what chance is there of escape from infec-
tion ? Such a case is mentioned in the Registrar-
General's report for lad week, in which he speaks
of the death of a child in a court at Greenwich of

scarlatina, three deaths from fever having previously
occurred in the same wretched room.

It is very difficult for the wisest legislation to deal
with such matters. The poor will never cease out
of the land, and with poverty is too often coupled
vice, ignorance and dirty habits, all powerful allies
to sickness and fever of every kind. The over-
crowding, too, is another difficult question, since the
poor people turned out of one part of the town must
go to another, already perhaps too closely packed.
But because the case is difficult to treat that is no
reason why we should do nothing. As well might
the physicians of St. Petersburg refuse to deal with
the disorder which as yet they are doubtful how
best to treat. Bad as the case is, there is much that
can be done to mitigate it, and the question is
whether we will do it now or wait for the great ex-
tension of the fever which a hot summer is almost
certain to bring without any aid from St. Peters-
burg. The navigation will shortly be open, so
that it is not improbable that the fever may be in-
troduced into our ports from Russia, and indeed
the progress of epidemics is in accordance with such
an apprehension. But the great point to bear in
mind is that fever is already among us, steadily
increasing year by year, and needing an unusually
hot season to call it forth to a very great extent.
It happens, too, in common with the Russian
epidemic, to be a disease especially amenable to
human control. Why, then, should we wait until
public alarm is excited, until valuable lives are
sacrificed, and the disease has gained a firm footing
amongst us before we attempt to delay its pro-
gress ? Let our authorities, public and parochial,
look to the matter at once; let them organise proper
means of inquiry into the condition of all those
districts known as the hotbeds of fever ; let them
insist upon the cleansing of drains, the whitewashing
of houses, the removal of nuisances, &c., and where
the landlord is unable or unwilling to perform his
duty, let the public officer be empowered to have
the work done and to obtain the repayment after-
wards. Let every case of fever be immediately
removed from the crowded court and alley to the
fever hospital, and let the Poor-law Board make it
compulsory on the guardians of parishes to send
every such case that comes under their knowledge
to the hospital, whose funds might receive some
assistance from the public treasury during this
summer. The importance of cleanliness and ven-
tilation should be strongly impressed upon the
lower classes by employers, by heads of households,
by clergymen, by visitors, by parish doctors, and
all who come in contact with them. It would be
well, too, if our parish authorities would be a little
more liberal to those cases of severe starvation,
which of themselves encourage low fever in
its worst types, and the provisions for
the casual poor should be strongly enforced. All
these measures should be adopted while the danger
is far off, that it may not find us unprepared. Such
means and others of a kindred nature will go far to
avert any serious evil, and it will be our own faults
if after the prolonged warning given to us we are
first idle and then panic-stricken.

The King of PRUSSIA is determined that the
world shall not forget the doings of his army, nor
the policy of his Government. Ever and anon some
circumstance is found, or some ceremony is made
the most of, in order that, with pomp and ceremony,
the gallant exploits and wonderful deeds of Prussian
valour may be extolled. Yesterday his MAJESTY
laid the foundation stone of a monument to com-
memorate the late war with Denmark. There is
not much likelihood of that being forgotten while
the pages of history can tell of cruel wrong and re-
lentless persecution, but it appears that the Prus-
sians think otherwise, and are too ignorant or too
obstinate to see how greatly they have offended
against the laws of nations and the claims of justice.
It is quite a profanation for the KING to attempt to
make martyrs of those who fell victims to the war,
in endeavouring to follow out his nefarious plans,
and to put into execution his unworthy orders. The
sentiment which the KING gave utterance to in per-
forming his task is on a piece with all the other at-
tributes of the affair—" To the memory of the
fallen, in gratitude to the survivors, and for the
emulation of posterity." Certainly future genera-
tions must be badly off indeed if they cannot select
better models than any that Prussia can offer them ;
if they cannot they had better strike out in a new
line for themselves. It is difficult for those who
consider principle the highest consideration to
understand how people can have the assurance to go
on in the manner that the Prussians do ; but
experience has shown that nothing like regret for
past errors, or compunction for injuries effected
towards others, ever occupies the attention of the
authorities at Berlin. The end justifies the means
with them, and they press on to that end with as-
siduity and energy worthy of a better cause and
more honourable motives. What may be the im-
mediate object of such ceremonies as that at which
the KING assisted yesterday it is difficult to say.
Perhaps it intended to convey the assurance to the
Prussians that their rulers have determined
to maintain their present policy intact and inviolate,
and not to swerve a hairbreadth from the course
which has been followed so implicitly by the Berlin
Cabinet of late. What else can be the meaning of
all this series of monuments, foundation-stones, and
triumphant entries. The war, at any rate, was of
very brief duration, but the time taken up in dis-
coursing of it might lead an uninformed person to
think that the Prussians had passed through a
campaign of the First NAPOLEON'S, or carried a
siege of Troy. The scroll that is deposited with
the foundation-stone expressly recognises the
Austrian alliance. This will, in all probability,
prove to be false in its meaning, for Austria has
shown unmistakeable symptoms of dissatisfaction
at the course pursued by Prussia. In all
probability it will not be long before a serious out-
break occurs between the two chief Powers of Ger-
many.

The Austro-Prussian alliance, which was so mag-
nified, and from which such wondrous results were
expected to accrue, has never realised one of the ex-
pectations which the sanguine framed for its fulfil-
ment—it has all along been a failure in respect to
unity of purpose and harmony of intention prevail-
ing ; and now, when it should be reaching the cul-
minating point of success, it shows every sign and
affords every prospect of breaking down entirely
and merging into open hostility. The fact is that,
for politic reasons, Austria has shown great mode-
ration, and given in to many of the extortionate
demands made by her rival and supposed ally, and
hence people have been misled, and have gone
so far as to persuade themselves that all the
proposals of Berlin would receive the acquiescence
of Vienna. The result has shown their mistake.
There is such a thing as going too fast in the pur-
suit of anything, and Prussia has reached this point.
From henceforth the communication between the
two countries will be zealously kept up and eagerly
watched by lookers on. One significant fact may
be noted, and most likely this extreme step taken
by Austria may be regarded as a herald or precursor
of many more striking ones. The Prussian War
Minister, Baron Vox RooN, declared that the Go-
vernment were resolved to "keep and fortify the
harbour of Kid." As soon as the telegraph had
conveyed
.this communication to Vienna decisive

steps were taken. Orders were sent by telegraph to
intimate that three thousand Austrian soldiers were
to proceed from Bohemia to Altona. This shows
most forcibly that Austria will not suffer the policy
of HERR BISMARK to be carried out, in appropri-
ating the Duchies to the Crown of Prussia. It
cannot be said that the statesmen of the EMPEROR
are at all to blame in thus acting promptly ; indeed
they are wise so to do, for it has become a " now-or-
never" policy with them, and time lost at this criti-
cal juncture may never be retraced. The main ob-
ject of Prussia is to acquire territory, and this has
actuated and influenced all her movements. With
great caution and cunning have all her plans been
devised, and her purposes put into execution ;
but success is always extremely doubtful
in such cases, and it is idle to expect
that other nations will always consent to be made
the tools of others' ambition, and the victims to the
greed and grasping of designing politicians. The
end of all this plotting and counter-plotting will be
that general discussion will prevail all over Ger-
many, and the effects of the rupture with her
natural allies cannot but prove most deleterious to
the interests of Prussia. It is not likely that any
other Power will suffer so much indeed, because no
other State has put itself forward in such a daring
and desperate manner, or attempted to gain posses-
sion of so much territory by unfair means and in
unfaithful ways. It is always bad for nations as
for individuals to find themselves in times of trial
without friends, and this will be the case with
Prussia. Those she has alienated by treachery and
deceived by specious pretences will be among her
bitterest foes, whenever adverse circumstances
enable them to set her openly at defiance, and to
give vent to their long pent-up indignation. The
present confusion that prevails in Germany more
than justifies the prophecies of those who last year
so strongly denounced the tactics of Berlin policy
in all its ramifications. In attempting to ruin others,
there is no doubt that this evil and deceitful Power
will end by seriously injuring her own resources,
and may even go so far as to provoke an invasion
of her territory.

The Supply of Cotton.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRA)IS.)

AMERICA.
ARRIVAL OF THE AMERICA.
(Via Southampton.)

The North German Lloyds steamer America,
from New York on the Bth inst., arrived this morn-
ing with 240 passengers, 44 bags of mails, $111,790
for England ; $186,200 for France, and $5OO for
Bremen. She was detained in the West Channel
in consequence of a thick fog.
NEW YORK, APRIL 8 (Morning).
According to official despatches, Sheridan, fol-
lowed by Meade with three corps, kept up the pur-
suit of Lee in the direction of Amelia Court House
since Monday. On Wednesday they reached Get-
tersville on the Danville-road, capturing at James
Cross-roads, five guns, 200 waggons, nine flags, and
numbers of prisoners. Lee was at Amelia Court
House on Wednesday.
On Thursday Sheridan reported as follows :
" The enemy made a stand at the intersection of
Burke's Station-road with the road upon which they
were retreating. I attacked them with two divisions
of the 6th army corps and routed them handsomely,
making connection with cavalry. I am still pressing
on with cavalry and infantry. We have captured
Generals Ewell, Kershaw, Button, Corse, de Banz,
and Cusliss Lee, several thousand prisoners, 14
guns, two caissons, and a large number of waggons.
If the thing is pressed, I think Lee will surrender.''
On Thursday morning Meade was moving
towards Amelia Court House, and ascertained that
Lee was moving towards Painesville. Meade im-
mediately changed his course, and marched three
columns against Lee.
The second corps engaged the enemy nea' Den-
tonville and drove him across Sailor's Creek. The
sixth corps was unable to strike the enemy before
he passed. It, however, came up with him in the
afternoon, and, in conjunction with the second
corps, routed him, capturing many prisoners.
Humphreys reports that on Thursday night Lee
was in position on the heights beyond Sailor's Creek.
The bridges had been destroyed. Humphreys could
not pursue rapidly during the night.
Generals A. P. Hill, Pegram, and Fitzhugh are
reported killed.
The following are further details of the occupa-
tion of Petersburg and Richmond.
Davis, together with the members of the Cabinet
and Congress, and the newspaper editors left Rich-
mond on Sunday night by the Danville-road.
General Weitzel entered Richmond early on
Monday, and established his head-quarters in Davis's
house. The mayor had previously gone out to sur-

render the city.
Weitzel proclaimed martial law, and assured
protection to the citizens. 20,000 inhabitants re-
mained, half of whom were negroes.
In Richmond Weitzel captured 500 cannons,
5,000 muskets, 1,000 prisoners, 500 wounded, 30
locomotives, and 300 cars. No tobacco was found.
All the business portion of the main street to th©

river was burned.
The ironclads were exploded, and the Virginia

lies sunk in the obstructions above the James River.

Shepley has been appointed military governor. He
has prohibited pillage. Judge Campbell and Lee's
wife remain in Richmond. There is much suffering
among the population, rich and poor being alike
destitute of food. General Weitzel is supplying all
who take the oath. The Tredegar works are un-
harmed, and the machinery is now under Weitzel's
orders. A plan to blow up the city was discovered
and frustrated. The Petersburg railroad bridge
and the Danville railroad bridge were destroyed ;
the former totally, and the latter partially.
The mayor of Petersburg surrendered the city to

the Federals. The public stores and a few houses
had been burned, but the city was little damaged.
The Confederates had removed nearly all the artil-
lery, and destroyed nearly $1,000,000 worth of
tobacco.

Lincoln visited Richmond on Tuesday, and was
enthusiastically received.

The Herald asserts that Lincoln has opened
negotiations with Judge Campbell for a settlement
with the South, and that Davis requested the latter
to remain in Richmond for that purpose.
Sherman's army was about to move on Saturday
last ; the former would probably advance in the
direction of Raleigh, and the centre and right to-
wards Virginia by the Weldon Railroad.
An unsuccessful incendiary attempt had been
made to burn Newborn.

A large cavalry and infantry force, under Han-
cock, had moved up the Shenandoah valley towards
Lynchburg.

The naval attack on Mobile commenced on the
28th. Heavy skirmishing took place around
Spanish Fort. It is reported from New Orleans on
the 6th that Canby was within five miles of the city
with siege guns able to shell the suburbs. The
attack on Fort Blakeley had commenced.

Wilson's cavalry had reached Russelville, Ala-
bama, and were moving on Selma, Montgomery,
and Mobile.

Henry Ward Beecher has made a speech depre•
eating harsh measures against the South.
Friday has been appointed by the Governor o.
New York as a thanksgiving day for the recen•
victories.

Sir Frederick Bruce has arrived here, and leaves
to-day for Washington.

The Herald says that British troops from Jamaica
arrived at Belize on the 24th. The transfer of the
troops is caused by Maximilian's alleged intention
to annex a portion of Yucatan.

Mr. Seward has been thrown from his carriage,
his arm was broken, and his jaw fractured. He is
progressing favourably.

NEW YORK, APRIL 8 (Noon).

The most intense excitement was produced here
yesterday by the publication of the following
despatch, announcing the capture of Lee's army :
" Philadelphia, April 7, 1 15 p.m.

" J. Cooke has received a despatch from IL D.
Cooke at Washington, stating that Lee's whole
army is cornered, and has surrendered. This is

positive."

This announcement was generally believed, and
the city was thrown into a perfect furore of excite-
ment. Immense crowds gathered in the neighbour-
hool of the bulletins, and the air rung with cheers.

The capture of Lee had been previously rumoured,
and the despatch from Messrs. Cooke was received
as a confirmation thereof. But as the afternoon
wore away without any official information of such
an important event the public became incredulous,
and before night the affair was generally regarded
as a stockjobbing canard.

The recent important military events in Virginia
which have so entirely changed the aspect of the
war, are described by the following official des-
spatches, which are hereby transmitted, in the'order
of their promulgation, by the War Department :
"Major-General Dix, New York.
"War Department, Washington,
April 5, 8 p.m.
" The following telegram gives all the details
received by this department in relation to the mili-

tary operations at Richmond not heretofore pub-

published.

" EDWIN M. STANTON-, Secretary of War.
" Aikin's Landing, Va., April 5, 11 30 a.m.
" Little is known at City Point. TheF6'ate but

few officers left, and these are overwhelmed with

work. Lee telegraped Davis, at 3 p.m. on Sunday,
that he was driven back, and must evacuate. This
I was announced in church. Davis had sold his fur-
' niture previously at auction, and was ready to leave.
All the leading men got away that evening. The
rebel iron-clads were exploded. The Virginia lies
sunk in the James River, just above the obstructions.
Ewell set the city on fire. All the business portion of
Main-street to the river was destroyed. The bridges
across the river were also destroyed. Many
families remain. Mrs. Lee remains. At Petersburg
the public stores were burned, and a few houses
caught fire ; but not much damage was done to the
city. The bridges there were also destroyed. I
will report fully from Richmond. I cannot get a
clear idea of our losses. The only General killed
is Winthrop. Porter is dangerously wounded in
the groin. Lieut.-Gen. Grant has commanded in
person since the beginning of the operations.
" C. A. DANA, Assist.-Sec. of War."
" War Department, Washington,
April 5,' 10 p.m.
" To Major-General Dix.

"A telegram just received from Richmond states
that General Weitzel captured in Richmond 1,000
'prisoners and 5,000 rebel wounded found in the
hospitals, 500 pieces of artillery and 5,000 stand of
small arms.

The President went to Richmond yesterday
and returned to City Point to-day. The Surgeon-
General reports that Mr. Seward, who was thrown
from his carriage this evening, is doing well. His
arm was broken between the elbow and shoulder,
and his face much bruised. The fracture has been
reduced, and the case presents no alarming symp-
toms.

" EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War.'
" War Department, April 5, 11 p.m.

" To Major-General Dix.

" General Grant telegraphs from Nottoway Court

House as follows :

" Last night General Sheridan was on the Dan-
ville Railroad South of Amelia Court House, and
sent word to General Meade, who was following
with the Second and Sixth Corps by what is known
as the River-road, that if the troops could be got up
in time he had hopes of capturing or dispersing the
whole of Lee's army. lam moving with the left
wing, commanded by General Ord, by the Cox or
direct Burkesville road. We will be to-night at or
near Burkesville. I have had no communication
with Sheridan or Meade to-day, but hope to hear
very soon that they have come up with and cap-
tured or broken up the balance of the army of
Northern Virginia. In every direction we hear of
men of that army going home, generally without
arms. Sheridan reports Lee at Amelia Court House
to-day.

" E. M. STANTON, Sec. of War."

"War Department, April 5, 10.20 p.m.

" To Major-General Dix.

" The following details respecting the capture of
Richmond, and its occupation by the Union forces
have been telegraphed to this department.

E. M. STANTON, Sec. of War.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

NEW YORK, APRIL 8, Morning.

Money abundant. Gold advanced on Wednesday
to 154 and declined yesterday to 147, under a false
rumour of the surrender of Lee. The final quota-
tion was 1491.

Exchange on London, 161 ; on Paris, 3.50,
Stocks very firm. New York Centrals—lllinois,
100. ; Erie, 671 ; 5-20 Bonds 1071.
Cotton quiet—Middling Upland, 33 to 36.

Flour declining. Wheat dull. Corn quiet and
unchanged. Provisions dull. Coffee slightly firmer.
Sugar, good inquiry. Molasses steady. Petroleum
crude, 34 ; refined, 52.

NEW YORK, APRIL 8, 12.30 p.m.

Gold 1501. At the first board to-day New York
Centrals were quoted 97 ; Illinois, 100} ; Erie,
67k; 5-20 Bonds, 1061.

The City of Manchester sailing to-day takes out
$lOO,OOO in specie.
The steamer Golden Age has sailed from San
Francisco, with $654,000 in specie, of which $70,000
are for New York. The steamers Etna, China, and
Teutonia have arrived out:

MEXICO. e
MEXICO, MARCH 23.
Mexico is being rapidly pacified, and the guerillas

are disappearing.
General Castaguy has burned San Sebastian in
Sonora. Romero and three others have been