The Sun.
London, England, 1865-11-13 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 13, 18€5.

perpetual demand ever slackening. So they are
the actual masters of the public, which is equally at
the mercy of the water companies. In fact, the
ultimatum in this case is not to be dreamt
of, for though we may choose to sit in
darkness we cannot decide upon living
without water, and those who know the
miseries of being " frozen out" of their regular
supply will very vividly appreciate the necessity of
keeping on terms with the water companies. They
have, however, got into a war of their own with a
somewhat formidable antagonist, the Metropolitan
Board of Works. This body has a very just and
reasonable cause of complaint against these august
and irresponsible despots. At great cost and
trouble they have constructed subways for the con-
veyance of the gas and water-pipes, to save the
endless annoyance of pulling up the highways, which
stops the traffic and injures the paving, to the ulti-
mate expense of the ratepayers, while it is a perpe-
tual annoyance to passengers. For some reasons
of their own the companies obstinately refuse the
use of these subways, and prefer the cost to them-
selves and the inconvenience to the public of block-
ing up the highways. A correspondence on this
matter has just taken place between the Board of
Works and the Vauxhall Water Company. The
company are about to lay down new mains in
Southwark-street, and having been applied to to
use the subway for the purpose, they declined on
the ground that having, at great cost, opposed the
Subways Bill, it would be inconsistent for them to
use the subways. The Board, not seeing the force
of this visionary objection, remonstrated with the
company, observing that they had gone to great
expense in the interest of the ratepayers to prevent
the frequent interruption of traffic, and that there
was reason to fear that the laying down of the mains
would interfere with the excellent condition of the
paving. To this appeal the company reply that
they still decline to use the subway, as it would put
them to great trouble and expense, besides " in-
volving a serious and indefinite risk, in which
the public would share." What this risk
would be is not stated. Perhaps it is the diminu-
tion of the dignity of the water companies that is
the evil dreaded, or the infringement of the rights
of a company whose motto seems to be " Touch
me not !" At present they enjoy a lofty indepen-
dence, and the use of the subway might oblige them
to ask the permission of the Metropolitan Board
for alterations or amendments. But if the Board
of Works is, as its name implies, of a " metropoli-
tan" character, it should surely have some control
over such comprehensive and important works as
these. At any rate the Board, whose members find
themselves in the awkward position of having under-
taken expensive works which are not used for the
purposes intended, does not feel inclined to submit
tamely to the dictation of the water company. It
was resolved to send copies of the correspondence
referred to to every member of Parliament, as well
as to all district boards and vestries in the:metro-
polis, so that we may hope that during the ensuing
session some active steps may be taken to bring this
" consistent" monopoly under some sort of reason-
able control.

A startling tragedy has just been enacted in one
of our British colonies, of a nature and extent
which happily is seldom paralleled in any country

under civilised rule. The revolt of the negroes in

Jamaica has been distinguished by the most frightful
atrocities, by a degree of malignity and cruelty,
which would disgrace the most ignorant savages.
The conduct of the negroes is the more extraordi-
nary, because the revolt appears to have been en-
tirely causeless. Had the slaves of the Southern
States combined to throw off the dominion of
their masters in the days when slavery was at its
worst, had they even taken advantage of Pre-
sident LINCOLN'S famous proclamation, and in
the great struggle between the States taken
up arms for the Northern cause, and united
their forces against the white population of the
Confederacy, there might have been at least
a reason or excuse for bloodshed and violence.
Even then nothing could palliate the barbarity, the
savage malignity shown by the negroes of Jamaica;
but when we consider that so far from being in any
way oppressed or ill-treated, unparalleled kindness
and generosity has been shown to the black man in
the British West Indies, their conduct becomes
something scarcely human in its unreassuring
ingratitude. If the Jamaica blacks want freedom
they have it already, at the cost of heavy loss and
damage to the white proprietors ; if they want idle-
ness, they have it, too, for no man compels them to
work ; if they want the means of livelihood, they
have them only too readily, for the fertile soil re-
pays the most meagre attempts at cultivation, and
they have lands allotted to them for their
support. They have education for themselves
and their children ; they have preaching and
teaching of every kind, and this is no mere tempo-
rary condition, but it has been the steady policy of
nearly thirty years. The result of the lavish ex-
penditure, the enormous sacrifices, the continuous
efforts of Christian benevolence, the resolute politi-
cal protection are such that humanity is appalled
and the most sanguine philanthropist is tempted to
despair of his kind.
The real origin of the outbreak is believed to be
the sudden changes which have taken place in the
position of the American negro, and the excitement
which is being „kept up about his political rights.
These stories, exaggerated tenfold, have been
repeated in the West Indies, and the ex-
citable minds of the black population have
been stirred up with a vague desire to achieve
something for themselves, forgetting that they
already possess the advantages which the American
negroes have so long been denied. One or two
leaders might easily inflame the unstable negroes
with visions of wealth and plunder to be taken from
the white man, the hated enemy of the black race.
The most startling part of the affair is that the
negro has in a moment thrown off all restraints of
civilisation, and at once sinks to the level of the lowest
and most degraded of his kind. The tragedy is not
without its moral, especially for those vast States
where the negro element is so large. It is quite
evident that it takes more than a generation to
civilize the negro ; and so far from being trusted
with political rights, he is not to be trusted with
the exclusive control of his own actions. The fact
is, that in the West Indies, as now in the United
States, the change from slavery- to freedom was
effected too suddenly. The chains had been worn
so long that the man could not walk without the
supporting fetter. Some control or surveillance
should have been retained, while all the
worst and the most oppressive features of
slavery were removed, and the slave trade,
of course, unconditionally abolished. Let the
American enthusiasts take heed blest they put
power into the hands of a population which natu-
rally belongs to a race whose instincts are at pre-
sent so degraded and savage, and appear likely to
remain so, after years of kindness and fair treat-
ment, whatever they may beccme hereafter.
As for the insurrection itself, it will probably
be speedily quelled. The white population, scanty
in numbers and ill prepared for so sudden and
merciless an attack, behaved with a coolness and
courage worthy of all prailie. The promptitude and

vigour of the measures adopted to procure reinforce-
ments were admirable, while the readiness and en-
thusiasm of the volunteers rose in a manner charac-
teristic of Englishmen in proportion with the urgency
and the danger. There is good reason to hope that,
with the troops receive& from Nassau, the towns
can be protected, and further horrors averted, until
the island can be properly supplied, and the rebels
severely, punished. Mercy, in such a case, would
be the greatest cruelty, and stern and rigorous
justice must be promptly administered. The
lives which have been so wantonly sacri-
ficed cannot be restored, nor the tears of the
widows and orphans dried ; but at least the supre-
macy of law and justice may be vindicated, and
further offenders warned. We shall probably soon
receive further details of the painful and melancholy
story; and, in the meanwhile, we can only hope
that the prompt and resolute measures adopted,
which have been so quickly responded to by the
Governor of Nassau, may have succeeded in restor-
ing tranquillity and in averting further massacre.

The Chrysanthemums in the Temple Gardens

The annual show of chrysanthemums in the Temple
Gardens this year is one of the most brilliant dis-
plays ever presented to the public even in that re-
nowned and classic spot. In addition to the thou-
sand and one varieties with which the admirers of
the flower are acquainted, Mr. Broome has intro-
duced a number of new flowers, which rival in ex-
cellence and beauty even the most celebrated.
Amongst the new flowers lago will be found a good
specimen ; it is a rich purple, and beautifully in-
curved. Aurea Multiflora is a splendid golden
yellow, and of fine form. Venus and Attrac-
tion are remarkably good flowers ; so also is Prince
Alfred. Amongst the hitherto known varieties
Oliver Cromwell is one of the most remarkable
flowers in the show, as for form and colour it is
unsurpassed by any. The delicately white Vesta and
Beverley have this year come out in great perfec-
tion, and the unrivalled Jardin des Plantes is a
perfect blaze of colour. Hercules is a flower of
extraordinary size, the petals measuring over a
quarter of an inch in breadth, and General Slade is
also of rare beauty and form. Progne, Sir George
Bowyer, Racine, Bernard Pallisy, Prometheus,
each maintain their superiority, their colour if any-
thing being more brilliant than usual. Amongst
the Pompones, Bob is still in the ascendant.
We could go on naming variety after variety,
but the result in each case would duly be the same,
and therefore we content ourselves with selecting
the abcve ; and thus leaving the flowers,we ask our-
selves how are all these beautiful specimens of flori-
culture produced within a hundred yards or so of
Fleet-street. There is no knowing what persever-
ance will not achieve, and to that alone can we at-
tribute the beautiful show Mr. Broome invariably
presents to us at this season of the year. For the
next fortnight the flowers will be in full bloom, and
from now until then the Temple Gardens will be the
great sight of the metropolis.

RECENT WILLS AND BEQUESTS.

(From the Illustrated London News)

The will of Lieutenant-General George William
Aylmer Lloyd, C. 8., of her Majesty's Indian army
on the Bengal establishment, late of Darjeeling, in
the East Indies, where he died, on the 4th of June
last, was proved in the London Court, on the 3d ult.,
by the Rev. Arthur Forbes Lloyd, Rural Dean and
Rector of Instone, Devonshire, the brother ; power
being reserved to William Lloyd, Esq., the nephew,
and Caroline Lloyd, the relict. The personalty in
this country was sworn under £12,000. The will
was first proved in Calcutta. It bears date March
21, 1861; and a condicil, June 8, 1865. The gal-
lant General has liberally provided for his relict, by
leaving to her, in addition to her claim of a moiety
of his property, a life interest over £7,000
Three per Cents. ; an annuity of £3OO
from the military fund to which he had sub-
scribed ; and an annuity of £5OO from the Com-
pany's paper in the bank of Bengal. She also takes
a life interest in his real estates ; and upon her de-
cease, he leaves the reversion of his property to his
said nephew, William Lloyd. There are several
legacies of £1,500 and other amounts left to his
nephews, neices, cousins, and other, relatives.

The will of Thomas Townend, Esq., of Brighton,
was proved in London, and the personalty sworn
under £160,000. The executors and trustees ap-
appointed are Stephen Percy Groves, Esq., of
Charing-cross ; Richard Sykes, Esq., of Edgeley,
Chester ; and Richard Drake, Esq., of Stormouth,
Kent. The will, with a codicil, was dated 1863, and
the destuator died on August 19, 1865, at the age
of 74. He bequeaths to his wife for her life his resi-
dence, Eastern-terrace, Brighton, with coach-house,
&c, ; and leaves her the jewellery, plate, furniture,
carriages, and horses for her own absolute use, and
the enjoyment of the pictures for her life, which,
at her decease, are bequeathed to his daughter. He
also leaves to his wife an annuity of £2,000 in addi-
tion to her marriage settlement, and £2OO imme-
diate. An estate at Faversham, Kent, he has left
to his wife as a residence, which, at her decease, is
to pass to his daughter Elizabeth, the wife of Wil-
liam Hall, and afterwards to his grandson, William
Thomas Townend Hall, the eldest son of his said
daughter. To his son, Thomas Shepherd Townend,
from a sum of £15,000 to be invested for his
benefit there is secured an annuity of £5OO ; and to
the testator's brother, William Townend, there is
left an annuity of £l5O. He appoints his said
daughter residuary legatee for life, with power of
appointment over the property which is held in
trust.

The late Miss Sarah Abraham, of Raby-place,
Bath, who died in July, has by her will left the fol-
lowing charitable bequests, payable from her funded
property in the Three per Cents—namely, to the
British and Foreign Bible Society, the Church Mis-
sionary Society, and the Church Pastoral Aid So-
ciety, each £3,300. To the Society for the Propaga-
tion of Christianity amongst the Jews, £l,lOO. To
the Poor Pious Clergy, the Colonial Church and
School Society, the Bristol Clerical Educational So:
ciety, London Clerical Educational Aid Fund,
Church Educational Society for Ireland, Irish So-
ciety, Sackville-street, Dublin; Irish Church Mis-
sions, London ; Bath Penitentiary, Rights of Con-
science Society, Ireland ; Malta Protestant College,
and to.the Clergy Daughters' School at Bristol, each
£3OO. To the Clergy Daughters' Schools at Brighton
and Casterton, the Naval and Military Bible Society,
the Lord's Day Observance Society, the Church of
England Educational Society, the General Irish
Reformation Society, each £lOO. The Prayer-book
and Homily Society, the Missions to Seamen, the
Ladies' Society for the Education of Negroes, the
Religious Tract Society, the Bath National Bene-
volent Society, Bath House of Protection, Bath
Female Refuge, and the Bath Aged Institution,
each £5O. Making in the whole £16,500.

THE NEW LORD PROVOST OF EDINBURGH is
Mr. William Chambers, head of the well-known publish-
ing firm.
OYSTERS AND THEIR CULTIVATION.—A very in-
teresting, and, at this peculiar season, valuable
pamphlet, has just been published under the auspices of
the board of directors of the South of England Oyster
Company, showing very clearly the necessity of improving
the system of oyster cultivation, or rather, we should say,
of taking steps to repair the results which the want of
system has brought abut. In place of an abundant sup-
ply of this most nutritious of all fish, we have positively a
scarcity, the prices charged for them wholesale being £6
a bushel, or ls. Gd. a dozen retail. Tho natural ques-
tion that arises is, how has such an increase in their
price been brought about ? And this query the
pamphlet answers in t very clear and unmistakeable man-
ner, viz., that the beds in existence have been dredged as
long as they would yield a few bushels, little or no attention
being paid to the retention of spawn and the reproduction
of the oyster. When it is known that the germ or ova
brought forth by a single mature fish exceeds one million
great negligence, not to say recklessness, must have been
permitted to bring about the present state of things. It is
gratifying, however, to know that the South of England
Oyster Company haze taken the matter in hand, and from
the known energy cf the gentlemen composing the execu-
tive, the metropolisat least may look forward for a reduc-
tion in the prices ci the oyster, where it has long been
looked upon, not raarely as a luxury, but as an aliment.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

WAR BETWEEN SPAIN AND CHILI•
LISBON, Nov. 11.

Advices received here by the Brazil steamer an-
nounce that war had been declared between Spain
and Chili. The Spanish squadron has blockaded
the Chilian ports.
(By telegraph from Lisbon.)
RIO JANEIRO, OCT. 24.
There is no news of importance from the seat
of war.

ITALY.
MILAN, Nov. 13.

The King of Portugal has arrived here.

FLORENCE, Nov. 12.

The Italian Cabinet addressed an order to the civil
and military authorities, who, in consequence of the
withdrawal of the French troops, will be brought
into contact with the Pontifical functionaries.

This order enjoins strict observance by the
Italian authorities of the duties arising from the new
state of things.

FRANCE.

PARIS, Nov. 13.

The Emperor has addressed a letter to Princess
Baciocchi, congratulating her upon the progress of
agriculture in Brittany.
The Moniteur publishes the nomination of six
prefects, M. Pietri being appointed to that dignity
in the department of the Nord, and M. Gamier
Pages in that of Herault.
BOURSE, Nov. 11.—Two o'Clock.—The market
exhibits increased buoyancy, notwithstanding that
English Consols are quoted lower. Threes, for the
account, are 68f. 55c.—an advance of 10c. Italian
Fives are at 65f. 30c., a rise of sc. Credit Mobilier
Shares have advanced 3f. 75c., and Spanish Mobi-
lier, 2f. 50c. Comptoir d'Escompte are quoted at
1,010 fr., an improvement of 15fr. The Railway
Share Market is also animated, Lyons Share having
advanced 3fr. 75c. ; Southern, Ifr. 25c. ; Lombard,
3fr. 75c. The demand, encoulisse, continues on the
Cab Company, these shares are doing at 76fr. 50c.,
with a further advance of 2fr. Three o'Clock—
The market has closed on the following quotations:-
4i per Cents 96 40 Ditto Threes —
Do. end month — Roman 73
3 per Cents. 6B 50 Mexican Loan 49
Do. end month 6B 45 Do. Bondi 323 75
Credit Mobilier ... 880 Russian --
Do. end Month ... 877 50 Austrian
Bank Shares 3700 Spanish Threes ... 4211 ;
Credit Fonder 1330 Home Debt
Italian Loan 65 25 Deferred
Do. end month 65 35

Orleans
Northern
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard
North of Spain
Saragossa
Ditto to Barcelona
Roman

- - ... 826 25

- - ... 1098 75
- - ... 832 50
- - ... 568 75

- - ... 535 -
- - ... 520 -
- - ... 210 -
- - ... 410 -
- - ... 410 -
- - ... 187 50
- - ... 252 50

.60 -

RUSSIA.

We take the tollowing from the Journal de St.
Pet4rsbourg of the 9th inst. :

" Advices from Berditchew state that on the 25th
October there were 38 fatal cases of cholera, on the
26th 33, on the 27th 34, and on the 28th 23. There
were 430 patients still suffering from cholera. The
number of fatal cases at Berditchew since it first
broke out is 576.
" One case of cholera has occurred as Kiew."

South Australia.

_ip,-

We take the following from the South Australian
Register of Sept. 27 :
" The weather during the month has been on the
whole very favourable for the crops. A large quan-
tity of rain has fallen in the agricultural districts.
The far north has been visited with some slight
showers, but not enough to be of very great service.
The crops, though more backward than usual, are
looking well.
" There has been another Ministerial crisis. Mr.
Dutton, Commissioner of Public Works, has been
appointed Agent-General in England ; and Mr.
Reynolds, Treasurer, has resigned in consequence
of being unable to persuade the Cabinet to adopt his
financial policy. Mr. Arthur Blyth has succeeded
Mr. Reynolds, and Mr. P. Santo Mr. Dutton. There
are serious doubts as to the stability of the Ministry
as at present constituted. Mr. Dutton goes home by
the present mail.
" The Parliament will meet for a short supple-
mentary session on Friday next. It is not expected
that the sittings will occupy many weeks.
" Mr. R. R. Torrens, Registrar-General, has re-
signed his appointment. Mr. W. B. T. Andrews,
Deputy-Registrar, succeeds him, and Mr. W. B.
Carter is likely to succeed Mr. Andrews.
" A melancholy accident has taken place at
Brighton. The Electric, from Plymouth, having
upwards of 400 emigrants on board, was caught in
an equinoctial storm, and driven into dangerous
proximity to the rock-bound coast at Marino. The
Glenelg harbour-master went off to her in a boat,
and after he was put on board the boat capsized and
four men were drowned. Great praise is given to
Mr. S. P. Phillips, brother-in-law of the Bishop, for
bravely riding his horse over the rocks into the sea
and rescuing two of the poor fellows, who were
nearly exhausted. The vessel was safely got out of
danger by a tug steamer which was despatched to
her assistance. It is understood the Government
will make some provision for the widows and orphans
of the poor fellows who lost their lives. Proceed-
ings have been commenced to recover salvage from I
the owners of the Electric.

" There have been several heavy gales during the
month.

" A very promising bismuth mine in Spencer's-
gulf is being vigorously worked, and is likely to prove
very valuable. The shares have gone up in the week
from £slos. to £2O.

The South Australian, English, and Scottish,
Bank of Australasia buy draughts on London at 60
days' sight at per cent. discount, and will sell at
1 per cent. premium. The National Bank sell 60
days' draughts on London at 1 per cent. premium,
and buy same at 1 per cent. discount, and Banks
bills at par.
" Shares.—Burra, £6O; Moonta, £155; Karka-
rilla, £l7 ; Adelaide Bank, £1 Bs. 6d. ; National
Bank, £6 6s. ; South Australian Insurance, £2 ss. ;
Adelaide Marine Insurance, £ll3s. ; Adelaide Gas,
£9 17s. 6d.

" Copper.—Burra and Wallaroo, £B2 per ton.
" Arrived.—Cornwallis (immigrants), Clodian,
Josephine, Murray, and Electric (immigrants), from
London ; Cherokee, from Glasgow.
" The July mail, with dates to July 27, and later
telegrams to August 10, arrived on the 17th Sep-
tember, being nine days overdue. The delay was
occasioned by the Golconda breaking down in the
Red Sea."

THE POOR IN THE EAST OF LONDON.-011 Satur-
day afternoon an inquest was held at the Nelson
Arms, Nelson-street, Bethnal-green, on a child who died
of small-pox. The house, No. 8, in which the family lived
was a miserable hovel, filthy in the extreme. The mother
said the deceased was one of six children ; the mother,
father, and four children slept in one of two small rooms,
constituting, with a wretched shed for a kitchen, the whole
house. The dust had not been removed for a year, there
was an open privy, and the whole yard was wet from the
overflowing of a water-butt. The child was attended by a
man named Newby, who had no diploma, and who said
that it had succumbed to the noisome influences by which
it had been surrounded. Dr. Edmonds, of Fitzroy-square
stated that the child had not been properly vaccinated, and
that the place was unfit for human habitation. A verdict
of death from natural causes, accelerated by the bad con-
dition of the dwelling, was returned.
Dr. HukrEß has been committed for trial, but
pending that he has been admitted to bail, himself in
£4,000 and two sureties of £2,000 each.

Me tomb of Daniel Webster has lately been opened
and the remains found in perfect preservation.