The Sun.
London, England, 1862-10-01 00:00:00

No. lII.—An Account showing the Revenue and other Receipts of the Quarter ended Sept. 30, 1862 ; the Application of the same ; and the Charge
of the Consolidated Fund for the said Quarter, together with the Surplus or Deficiency upon such Charge.

Surplus Balance beyond the charge of the Consolidated Fund, for the Quarter
£
ended June 30, 1862, viz. :
Great Britain .......................................... £..
Ireland ................................................ 746,183

746,183

Income received in the Quarter ended Sept. 30, 1862, as shown in Account .... 11,600,083
Amount raised per Act 23-24 Vict., cap. 109, on account of Fortifications, &c..... 300,000
Amount received in the Quarter ended. Sept. 30, 1862, in repayment of Advances
for Public Works, &c. ........................................................

388,195

£16,035,361

Balance, being the Deficiency, on 30th Sept., 1862, upon the charge of the Conso-
lidated Fund in Great Britain, to meet the Dividends, and other charges, pay-
able in the Quarter to Dec. 31, 1862, and for which Exchequer De-
ficiency Bills will be issued in that Quarter
a429,9C2

£19,165,263

service shall be painted or lacquered in the same
manner as smooth-bore guns.

On the occasion of the half-yearly inspection of
the 26th Company of Royal Engineers at Chatham,
previous to its removal from that garrison to Ports-
mouth, Col. Harness, C. 8., addressing the officers
and men, expressed the high gratification he ex-
perienced at receiving such a favourable report of
their general good conduct, more especially during
the time they were absent from head-quarters un-
dergoing their annual course of musketry instruc-
tion. A letter was at the same time read from the
Deputy-Adjt.-Gen., expressive of the satisfaction
of the Duke of Cambridge with the good conduct
of the company.

Major-Gen. Sir Richard nacres, K.C.8., com-
manding at Woolwich, yesterday made his second
half-yearly inspection of the veterinary departments
of the garrison, the stables, and hospitals. After
inspecting the other portions of the garrison in
detail he will proceed to -Worley for a similar
purpose.

A monster gun-carriage, intended for transport-
ing the huge COO-pounder gua now being mann-
factutod in the Royal tun factories of Woolwich
arsenal, under Mr. Lynall Thomas's system, is iu
course of construction in the Royal carriage depart-
ment. The iron composing the weapon will weigh
about 36 tons, and the wheels of the transporting
carriage will be 11 feet high. Special care has
been taken to select and thoroughly test the timbers
employed in its construction, which are the largest
of the kind known to have been used.

CIRCASSIAN ADDRESS 70 THE QUEEN.

The following address to the Queen, brought by
the hands of two chiefs of the Circassian nation,
has been delivered at the Foreign-office :
As your Majesty is aware, since the world existed
no nation has attempted to conquer our country.
Russia only, some time ago, under the pretence
that she got our country by treaty from the Otto-
man government, invaded us with an overwhelm-
ing force, and began against us a war of extermina-
tion, which she has waged for 40 years, and which
she is still waging, at the cost of many thousand
human lives.

The Ottoman government never having possessed
our country had no right whatever to give us over
to the Russians; there is no other affinity between us
and the Ottomans than the similarity of creed and
faith, which makes us look upon the Sultan as the
successor of our prophet.
While we were quietly dwelling in our homes,
which we inherited from our ancestors, and anxious
to keep the integrity of our territory, Russia over-
stepped our boundaries with overwhelming force,
and actually tried to subdue our country, 'this
statement needs no proof, as this system of encroach-
ment has been Russia's policy towards many other
nations weaker than herself. During the Crimean
war we were accused by the allied powers of want
of sincerity, not having participated with them
against our common foe. This is true ; but it was
not the fault of our nation, as it proceeded from
want of union and energy between our leaders.
Russia, in order to deceive the world, conceals
the very object of her continual warfare against us
and ours. She diffuses the report amongst the civi-
lised world that she is fighting the Circassians
simply because they ale a savage, uneducated, and
unruly people, that if left alone would destroy the
property belonging to her subjects in our imme-
diate neighbourhood.

It is now to show that these allegations are un-
true, and to impl ire your Majesty's protection, that
we come to this country. About two years ago,
desiring to enter into the family of constituted na-
tions, the Circassians and Abasians elected a kind
of Parliament, which is now ruling our joint nation,
numbering about a million souls.
In consequence of this arrangement not only is
there a kind of constitutional government in our
country, but all the surrounding nations, as well as
those who come to us for trading purposes, are not
submitted to any kind of vexation.
Should any dishonest person attempt any wrong
the injured receives redress, restitution of property,
and the malefactor is severely and lawfully
punished ; if the property is lost, in that case com-
pensation is given from the public money.
To increase the security as well as the well-being
of the inhabitants we lately framed many well-cal-
culated laws, which arc.
putinto execution by the
constituted authorities in each province.
Russia, being invidious of all the reforms which
we introduced into our country, made a
great effort to crush our improvements. She
invaded us, as before stated, with an over-
whelming force, destroyed some of our townships,
burnt our dwellings and temples, confiscated
all our goods, butchered our men, and captured
our women and children ; in fine, she began that
work of destruction against us, to enumerate the
atrocity of which would baffle description. Our
elected chiefs, foreseeing the dreadful consequences
of this onset, and the misery which was threaten-
ing both the invader and the invaded, adopted those
well-calculated means to prevent the bloodshed
among both parties. They selected some plenipo-
tentiaries, whom they sent to Tiflis to come to an
understanding with Russ:a. Our claims consisted
as follows :—" This territory is ours ; we have in-
herited it from our ancestors, and to keep it in our

Amount applied out of the Income for the Quarter ended Sept. 30, 1862, in
redemption of Exchequer Deficiency Bills, for the Quarter ended March 31,
1862

Amount applied out of the Income to Supply Services, in the Quarter ended Sept.
30, 1862 r 10,743,995

Charge of the Consolidated Fund for the Quarter ended Sept. 30, 1802, viz.:—
Interest of the Permanent Debt .Z5,519,782
Terminable Debt 671,526
Interest on Exchequer Bills
Interest of Deficiency Bills
The Civil List
Other Charges on Consolidated Fund
Advances for Public Works, &c.

Surplus Balance in Ireland beyond the charge of the Consolidated Fund in Ire-
land, for the Quarter ended Sept 30, 1862

7,050,497

122,148

£19,465,263

power we have been so long at enmity with each
other. We have now adopted a new constitution,
and our intention is to govern our territory with
strict justice and humunity, without injuring any-
one. A people that are endowed with such good
feelings ought to inspire sympathy to a great power
like yourself; it is not becoming, therefore, to its
honour to destroy such an innocent neighbour.
You have shown on many occasions sympathies
towards people who claimed their independence ;
why should you not now show the same towards
us ? We are exerting our utmost in order to rule
our country according to justice and the new
laws which we have framed ; we will treat with
justice our fellow-citizens, and respect the life
and property of those foreigners who come
among us. Is it then the duty of a great power
like you to destroy us, and our small nationa-
lity, or to help us to carry out our nascent re-
forms ? We are resolved to submit our case to all
the great powers; you are one of them, and we
place our cause in its true light before you ; do us
justice, and not destroy our property and temples ;
do not shed our blood when you have had no provo-
cation. It is a stigma on it gret.t powers to de-
stroy humanTife When there is no necessity, and it
is at variance with everything that is just and right
to capture helpless women and children, in the
prosecution of the unjust war you havo been car-
rying on against us for a very long time. You have
been deluding the world that we are a savage tribe,
and under this pretence you have been waging war
against us; we aro human beings like yourselves,
pray do not shed our blood, as we aro resolved to
defend our country to the last."

The above memorial has been presented not only
to the Governor of Tiflis, but to the Emperor him-
self, when he came there; still we had no justice,
and the Russian sword has remained unsheathed
against us; in fact, their tyranny was not confined
to capturing our cattle, burning our dwellings
and temples, and other unheard of atrocities, but,
in order to starve us on the mountains, they de-
stroyed all our growing crops in the plain, and
captured our land. In short, they have treated us
in an unbearable and barbarous manner, unprece-
dented in the annals of war. Driven to despair we
resolved to make a last firm stand against our ene-
mies with all the energy we possessed, and the war
was carried on with fresh vigour eight months ago,
causing the sacrifice of 25,000 human lives on both
sides and an immense destruction of property.
While we are on one side repelling our enemies, and
on the other trying to improve the government of
our country, Russia, by brute force, is trying to
conquer us. On the neutral Black Sea she is cap-
turing, whenever she can, every ship carrying any
of our countrymen, so that we have no home on
land, no means of travelling or refuge by sea. Still
we would rather die than submit to the yoke of
Russia. If we were to emigrate, abandoning our
homes, for ages protected by our forefathers, who
shed their blood for them, our poverty would prove
a great obstacle to our doing so; in fact, how could
we take away our own wives and children, and the
widows, orphans, and helpless relations of those
slain in this war ? Such an undertaking would
decimate the emigrants, and blow out for ever our
Circassian name from the face of the earth. In
presence of these insurmountable difficulties we
have resolved unanimously to submit our case to
every great Power, with an intimate conviction
that they would highly disapprove the conduct of
our foe, and stigmatise it as it deserves. Our eyes
are most particularly turned towards your most
gracious Majesty as well as the people of your coun-
try, whose freeedom, love of jnstice, and sympathy
for the oppressed are known even in our unhappy
land. We implore therefore your protection, with
a conviction that you will help us in our trial. To
attain this desirable object we have been sent here
on behalf of the Circassian and Abasian communi-
ties, in order to lay most humbly our case before
your powerful throne, that you may know our sad
condition and interfere to prevent the utter exter-
mination of a nation numbering a million of souls,
and who are the same flesh and blood as the rest of
the world. This is the case we have to submit to
your most gracious Majesty on behalf of the Cir-
cassian and Abasian people, and they have no doubt
your powerful assistance will enable them to attain
the object of their desires—namely,'to protect their
name, homes, and honour, and to rule their coun-
try peaceably and lawfully.

's FINNAN HADDOCKs.--Finnan haddie 1
041 it
cele-
brated as a breakfast luxury all over the world, although Ig-the
is so delicate in its flavour, and requires such ialit.,:y
great
Par
op ri kindlye t y
cure, that it cannot be enjoyed in perfection at
had =-
distance from the sea coast. George V
(does not the
tainly, whatever may have been his otherle
genius in the matter of relishes for the palate
cheeseon Pl:3):,reitusuiseteeBd' to have
world owe to him the discovery
his breakfast table,
of the sequence of port wine aft:sit:
genuine Finnan haddocks aultweaxYpress
however, now rendered
by coach every day
selected at Aberdeen an,rd,_esefaine of this particular fish, and
for his Majesty's use.
The
have)
the consequent
great Zure" it. In fact, to meet the de-
it necessary to "manuimpossible ; for the haddock being a
nearly
mand is prettyfrequenting the shallow
ibis. fish, . waters of the
very access
so industriously preyed upon by the fisher-
men it has been
coast, has become scarce. " 'Where are the haddocks?"
that it
that now being frequently asked by
is a question t is . those
in. the fisheries. This scarcity, too,
interested has led to a
little bit of fraud—viz., the manufacture of codlings (young
of the codfieh) into Finnan haddocks,—.lllacmillan' s lifoga-
aro.

With a due regard to the wholesome mnxim of
Cervantes, we are disinclined to stir up unneces-
sarily the unsavoury question of Brighton drainage;
but recent efforts at local drainage on the Hove side
of the town are bringing matters to a crisis by
greatly increasing the defilement of the'sea, and iti
must soon be decided whether Brighton shall cleanse
herself, or be for ever dirty. Naturally this fa-
voured seaport has the highest advantages ; placed
in a sheittrcd valley between the open sea anti
wide- tretching Downs, accessible to London within
a space of time which is not greater than that which
separates the suburbs of London from its centre,
Brighton has found in the gifts of nature a source
of unexampled prosperity. But that source has
been tainted, the sea is befouled, and the air of the
Downs is polluted ; and in present symptom/all
delining prosperity may be traced the results of a
neglect of those principles of sanatory government
which the crowd of visitors seeking health, and the
physicians who direct them, have the right and
feel it a duty to insist upon.
The question is very simple, and_everyone,may
easily understand the existing state Of things. At
present Brighton is drained in great part en the old
and abominable cesspool system. This refers mainly
to the worst houses. The rest are drained into a
sewer which empties itself into the sea opposite to
the Old Steyne, and a little to the west of the
Chain-pier. Here everyone may see a long iron
pipe discharging floods of black abomination into
the waves, discolouring them far and wide, and
often floating on the surface and spreading an oily
smoothness which extends beyond the extremity of
the pier. Here everyone may smell, especially on
a warm day with a gentle south-westerly wind—
which should be the most delicious weather at
Brighton— a noisome stench, which is strongest and
most sickening at the bottom of the Old Steyne, and
and along the Marine-parade.
A second outfall has just been created—is, in
fact, in process of completion ; and this is why the
question presses now. The western extremity of
Brighton, known as Hove, and including some of the
most fashionable and costly residences, is under the
separate jurisdiction of Commissioners. Until lately
this part was especially ill-drained; but, since the
recent discussion of this dangerous nuisance, the
Hove Commissioners resolved to cleanse their part
of the town, and they have done so by draining
rapidly, and on a very complete scale, into the sea
at the line of junction of their district with Brighton
proper—that is to say, opposite to the end of Water-
loo-street, and at the western end of the esplanade.
Now the sea-way at Brighton runs strongly east-
ward, as is well known, and may be observed by
any one who takes a cursory glance at the trending
of the shingle and sand between the timber groins
on the shore, erected to oppose the eastward sifting
of the surface. Hence the sewage of the whole of
the Hove district will under the present manage-
ment inevitably float past the front of the espla-
nade, and be carried in the current in a direc-
tion parallel with the King's-road. Thus no
part of the sea in front of Brighton will
escape this unutterable defilement. Granting
that the sewage will be so largely diluted with

the sea-water as to cause no noisome exhalation,
which we have excellent practical and scientific
reasons for disbelieving, there will still be for the
large class of bathers the disgusting conviction that
they arc bathing in sewage water, and close to the
mouths of large outfall drains ; while every one
will have the agrerabie consciousness that the
" bright blue sea" before them is the receptacle of
the abominations .'f the town. All this is no w‘ty
mysterious or dfficult of comprehension; and even
if the remedy were very difficult and very costly
we should not hesitate to state the unpleasant
truth, and require an effectual change. Although
town councillors may growl and lodging-house-
keepers gnash their teeth at the exposition of their
infirmity, yet they may rest assured that their best
friends are not those who cry peace where there is
no peace, or proclaim cleanliness where filth exists,
which may serve as a focus for disease. The plan
which municipal wisdom has discussed for im-
proving the drainage is simply futile; to carry
the pipes a few score yards further out to sea is
only to delay the return of the sewage to the
shore, not to prevent it, and only to dilute the sew-
age with more sea-water, not to keep the sea clean.
The Hove drainage nuisance will still exist, and
Brighton will be irrevocably ruined by the comple-
tion of that fatal system. But there is an excellent,
cheap, and perfect remedy, and we have great hope
that, one way or other, sufficient pressure may, at
this opportune moment, be put upon the Brighton
Town Council to induce them to adopt it. It is by
tunnelling through the chalk, and carrying an
underground sewer landways, parallel to the sea, to
Saltdean, three miles eastward of Brighton. We
may say at once that this is pronounced by able
engineers to be a most efficient and cheap operation;
indeed, it is estimated at only £3o,ooo—a sum
which is, we fear, too small ; but it happens that
all the present system of pipes may be brought
into that main conduit, and the sewage may be
thus carried off three miles to the east, where
arrangements may be made for utilising it for
agricultural purposes; or, if the Brighton people
will have it so, they may cast it into the sea with-
out dal= ge to any local population. The Hove
Commissioners are willing to fall into this scheme.
They are willing to connect their system with this
main conduit, instead of continuing their pipes
into the sea; but if the resolution be not pretty
quickly taken they will carry on their sea. pipes
at a cost of some £5,000, and then it Will be
idle
their
to expect them to incur expense in retracing
gat the
steps_ It must be earnestly hoped, then/
people of Brighton will adopt the scheme for car-
rying off their own and the Hove e
Salt-
dean. We have given strong reasonsslvage to Salt-
enough for
adopting this determination ; we will add another
hly resolve to be
reason why they should not foolie
w s" and drain-
content with tt standing in the oldest yout-fall sewor
ing through the old pipe. That gtr
sewer
the Old Steyne s
which poisons the sea oppositein for a
was actually never built or tended
years ag to
it was built as a watercourse some
event the overflowe,
of
carry off storm water, and
nd to p
w r
the Preston brook,
used to inundate the old
the " Hare and Hounds."
London-road oppositeesly ffionrbesidwdeenremposed on
toi
drain into
resy
Inhabitants were "Phav
his watercourse, and
should violate this regulation. But one
anyone who
another of the householders found it convenient
to drain
the authorities
after
into the watercourse, uarsse, ndthaed,
of cesspools
begs° winkedtotwane and the system of main-drainage
became popular,
e until at present a very large
part of Brighton discharges its sewage into the
sect immediately under the eyes and noses of the
dwellers on the Marine-parade, and of all who
pass along that part of the seaport. As we have
said, the Hove Commissioners now threaten to make
matters worse by draining the western end of the
town into the sea opposite "Waterloo-street, and
fouling that part of the sea which is most used by
bathers. The plan which we have described, and
which is authenticated by excellent engineers and
hailed with delight by a large section of the inha-
bitants, offers a speedy and effectual release from
these evils, There is no reason why Brighton
should not be as healthy as Eastbourne or any
other marine resort. The inhabitantsmay be assured
that they will consult their best interests by
strenuously endeavouring to make it so; and, mean-
while, they are under great obligations to Dr.
Alfred Hall for having the moral courage again to
briug the notorious grievance before the public.

The Vienna postman Kallab, whose abstraction
of so many thousand letters has made so much noise, has
been condemned to 10 years' hard labour.