The Sun.
London, England, 1862-04-14 00:00:00

TRE SUN, LONDON, MO \I AV EVENING, APRIL 14, 18631

SOUTHERN ITALY.

The following official correspondence respecting
Southern Italy was issued on Saturday :

No. I.—CONS-UL BONHAM TO EARL RUSSELL.--

(RECEIVED JANUARY 29.)
Naples, Jun. 14, 1862.

My Lord,—l have the honour to report to your
lordship that this country continues tranquil, and
the prospects of commerce for the new year appear
favourable. The produce of olive oil, the princi•
pal and most valuable export from these provinces,
is a.eertained to have been generally extremely
abundant and of good quality. There some discon-
tent that the duty on the exportation of this oil
from the Neapolitan provinces is retained, as in
other parts of Italy olive oil is not subject to such
export duty, but the impost is of old date, and the
revenue from it is so large that it has probably been
found unadvisable to give it up at once.
A change is being now made in the currency in
Naples and the provinces by the substitution of lire
for the old Neapolitan currency of ducats and
grand. This, of course, occasions some temporary
inconvenience, which unfortunately is aggravated
by the circumstance that the Bank is not sufficiently
supplied with silver coin, and pays dividends, &e.,
in gold 20-franc pieces at a fixed rate, although
gold is not yet made a legal tender, and is not
readily current at the same rate. A petition from
the mercantile body on this subject has been sent
to Turin, and it may be supposed that gold will be
made a legal tender here as it is in other parts of
Italy.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) EDWARD WALTER BONHAM.
No. 2.—CONSUL BONHAM TO EARL RUSSELL.--
(RECEIVED FEBRUARY 25.)
Naples, February 10, 1862.

My Lord,—l have the honour to report to your
lordship that a demonstration took place here yes-
terday directed against the temporal power of the
Pope. About 3,000 people assembled in the fore-
noon in the Palace-square with flags, and preceded
thence, in two divisions, to perambulate the city,
shouting " viva Vittorio Emmanuele !" " Abase° it
Papa-Re !" " Viva Garibaldi and similar cries.
The weather was very unpropitious for any pro-
ceedings of the kind, violent and most heavy
showers of rain succeeding each other at short in-
tervals throughout the day; and though a consi-
derable number of people were sufficiently enthusi-
astic to continue for hours to bear patiently the
drenching rain to which they were exposed, the
demonstration did not assume the proportions it
would otherwise undoubtedly have done. One
division of the procession, including a great number
of well-dressed people and priests and monks,
stopped in passing opposite the French consulate,
and also opposite this consulate, cheering the re-
spective countries, and vociferating strenuously,
" Viva Vittorio Emmanuele in Campidoglia I" &c.
The other division, including, I presume, a large
proportion of the Nicoterists, or party of action,
whose discontent at the continued occupation of
Rome by French troops is more openly declared,
passed up the Toledo, tearing down or effacing
every placard on which appeared the words "Viva
l'lmperatore de' Francesi," of which a number had
been stuck up in the course of the morning.
I enclose a report of the proceedings from one of
the evening journals. All passed off without inter-
ference on the part of the Government, and without
any serious disturbance.

There can be no doubt the feeling of this people
is daily becoming more and more hostile to the Pope,
whom they are learning to look upon as the chief
opponont of the settlement and tranquillity of the
country. In September, 1860, Padra Gavazzi first
preached in the Palace-square in this city against
the Pope King, and his remarks were received with
applause ; since that time the feeling then aroused
has continued to gain strength, and the supporters
of the temporal power have greatly diminished.
Nothing could be so detrimental to the influence of
the Papecy, whether in its spiritual or temporal
character, as being constantly quoted and looked
upon as the one principal obstacle to the prosperity
and consolidation of Italy.—l have, &c.,

(Signed) EDW. WALTER BONIIAM.
Inclosnre in No. 2.
Extract from a Neapolitan Newspaper.

(Translation.)
As we had already announced yesterday, this
morning an imposing demonstration against the
temporal paver of the Popes, and that Rome might
return to Italy as its capital, took place.
From the early morning all the Toledo was
adorned with flags bearing inscriptions alluding to
the circumstance. Although the weather was cold
and rainy, Toledo was also crowded by people.
About mid-day the demonstration, composed of all
classes of citizens, divided itself into two sections; a
very numerous one with flags at its head traversed
the Toledo; the other, much larger, went to the
house of the French Consul. It was an imposing
spectacle, and contrasted strangely with the asser-
tions of Cardinal Antonelli relative to the senti-
ments of the Italian people. Here were not a few
individuals, but an immense crowd composed of
every class, of every rank, of persons, without
exception ; the Liberal clergy figured everywhere.
In the section which traversed the Toledo the
following inscriptions were legible on a great na-
tional flag ; " Long live the Pope !" " Down with
the temporal power!" "Long live Victor Em-
manuel IL in the Campidogliol" "Long live Gari-
baldi !" in addition to which other papers were seen
affixed to the walls of the Toledo, and OR the Rags
which flew about from the houses with these words:
" Long live the Pope not King !" " Long live Italy
with its King in the Campidoglio !" "Long live
France with its Emperor !" That portion of the
demonstration which went to the French Consul-
General's house, and which was, we must say, the
greatest portion, had also its flags with the same
inscriptions; but traversed with a band at its head
the entire Toledo, and stopped at the square of the
Plebiscite before the Foresteria Palace; there the
usual cheers, the same acclamations, but the prefect
not appearing at the balcony the crowd went to-
wards St. Lucia and stopped under the windows of
the French Consulate. To the reiterated cries of
" Long live the Emperor !" "Long live France !"
" Long live the French people r " Lang live Victor
Emmanuel in the capital!" "Down with the Pope
King !" The French Consul appeared at the win-
dow to thank the people. As the crowd stopped
there some time shouting, so the consul courteously
went oat on tile balcony many times also with his

. :d After the manifestation at the French Consulate
h terminated, the crowd also went to the house
of the British Consul. There were also clamorous
. ~d,it continuous cries of " Long live England !"
At rwards the demonstration returned towards
the Toledo,
so
thatnot
the
dispersed tranquilly little by little,
slightest accident was to be deplored.
Iri the motnenet .
tranquillity in which we write the most perfect
reigns everywhere. Moreover, as an
appendix to
eireuphorsing demonstration,the follow-
ing protest is
in our city. It is already
covered with thenao.nidng
tinues to be signeab; ofl signatures, and it con-
This is its tenor, " If
the Ifoly Father has broken
with the Cabinet of
Turin, he finds himselt.in e'll
ceAllent relations with
tonelli."
the Italian people.—Cardinal
" Down with the Pope Rintrn,
"Long live Rome,
capital of Italy !" The Italian
People, jealous guar-
dian of its dignity and of its sacred
rights,. protets
strongly against the words of
Cardinal Antonelsli,
and deelaiei :-
1. nit the above-named cardinal ig .
guilty of

calumny against the natio.i.
2. That the Italian people is, one with the Go_
vernment in wishing all Italy to belong to the
Italians, and in overthrowing the greatest obstacle
to our unity—the temporal power of the Popes.
3. And that it will ceaso to fight against the
P.,pedom only when Italy shall be recognised in
come, its legitimate capital.

No. 3.—SIR J. HUDSON TO EARL RUSSELL.-

(Extract.)

(RECEIVED FEBRUARY 25.)
Turin, Feb. 22, 1862.

I have good ground for believing that brigandage
la now being organised under the authority of the
ex-"Kieg of Naples and the patronage of the Court
of Rome for operations on a large and bloody scale
during the approaching spring.
It is my duty to bring this question under the

serious consideration of her Majesty's Government,
because, if brigandage is once more to be organised
and tolerated, it must, from the sheer fcrce of cir-
cumstances, place the Italian Government between
two fires ; the one, the strength which it will infuse
into the ranks of the " party of a:A:on," as it is
designated, in other words the Mazz nians ; the other,
the necessity which this Government will be under
of maintaining its, authority at the risk of civil war ;
because we must expect to hear the Mazzinians cry
treason on Ricasoli if he puts the law in force
against Mazzini on a question upon which every
city in Italy has recently pronounced itself.
Brigandage, therefore, if again permitted to make
Rome its head-quarters, may force this Government
to adopt a forward movement, and that movement
may light the flames of discord throughout Europe.

No. 4.—SIR J. HUDSON TO EARL RUSSELL.—
(RECEIVED FEB. 25.)
Turin, Feb. 22, 1862.

My Lord,—With reference to my preceding de-
spatch of this date, upon the subject of the reorgani-
sation of brigandage at Rome, I have the honour
to call your lordship's attention to the enclosed
copy and translation of a species of proclamation of
General Garibaldi to the patriotic " associations" of
Italy, by which they are invited to send delegates
to Genoa ; and in which they are reminded of the
programme which led them to Palermo.
This address is simply to decide upon another
programme which shall lead them to Rome, for
that, if we are to judge by passing events, is the
subject which engrosses the public mind in Italy.
If, when thew delegates meet, they understand
that brigandage is upon the point of recommencing
its operations, with its basis at Rome, we may, we
must, expect a very serious demonstration.
It is suggested that this meeting be prevented
by authority.

Apart from the faculty of public meetings granted
within certain limits by the constitution it is clear
that were this Government to adopt that course it
would simply exasperate and not meet the neces-
sities and exigencies of the situation ; because, in-
stead of speaking only, these delegates would con-
spire in secret, and this Government might then
find isself constrained to have resort to some of the
machinery of despotic authority which has always
broken down in Italy.
The danger, then, is not in the meeting, but in
the great political fact of the continued cccupation
of Rome by foreign troops, when the necessity for
that occupation has absolutely ceased; and this
danger will be by so much the more augmented by
the fact that brigandage, which has cost the lives
of many an honest conscript and good soldier,
which has widowed some and beggared others,
which is a heavy pull upon the public purse, and
is the more detested because it would be suppressed
if it were not covered by the presence of foreigners,
and concocted and carried on by foreigners, and
composed mainly of the scum of foreign society, is
once more restored, reorganised, and flourishing in
that very city which the entire Italian nation
claims as their common capital.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) JAMES HUDSON.
Inclosure in No. 4.
Proclamation.
(Translation.) Caprera, Feb. 17, 1862.

To the committees for supplies, the whole of the
patriotic associations of Italy,
The meeting of the 9th March next may become
pregnant with excellent results, if all the Liberal
associations of Italy are represented there. I am
therefore of opinion that they should be represented
there.

Convinced as I am that the acts of the meeting
will be worthy of the practical judgment which dis-
tinguishes Italians, and that its conclusions will
respond to the legitimate expectations of the earnest
friends of liberty, and to the wants of our country,
I abstain from giving advice. With the same pro-
gramme which led us to Palermo and to Naples, and
with the high principles of the " plebiscito" of the
21st of October, 1860, the Italian revolution may
have a glorious consummation. Were it not for
private circumstances which prevent me, I should
myself be at Genoa on the 9th of March. In lieu
thereof, I shall await at Caprera a result of which
I may boast as an Italian.
Health and fraternity. (Signed) G. GARIBALDI.

No. S.—CONSUL BONHAM TO EARL RTJSSELL.—

(RECEIVED MARCH 1.)
Naples, Feb. 25, 1862.

My Lord,—l have the honour to report to your
lordship that accounts having appeared in the papers
stating that a numerous band of brigands or adven-
turers, organised in the Roman territory, had re-
cently appeared in the vicinity of Terracina, render-
the roads near the frontier insecure, and watching
apparently a favourable moment for an incursion
into this territory, I took an opportunity yesterday
of inquiring from Col. Farriola, chief of the staff of
his Excellency General la Marmora, as to the cor-
rectness of the report. Col. Farriola told me it was
true, but that his last accounts reported the band
had gone off in the direction of Frosinone. He
seemed to entertain no doubt that as irruption on
a large scale would shortly be made into this ter-
ritory. He further said the Government had Bour-
bon agents at Marseilles, at Barcelona, and also at
Malta, to embark a certain number of adventurers
for a landing in this country. He added that the
Government were well prepared, that the accounts
from the provinces were very favourable, the gene-
ral state of feeling good, and if those adventurers
be n
did actually venture on landing they would meet
with
support, buta tr uceovmi
eewt
ofo
the certain
case,an d th destruction.ata
I believe
e th is is
landing now would have,if possible, even less chance
of success than that effected by General Boles in
September last.
The number of Neapolitans enrolled in the army
in North Italy is considerable. Of these many have
now come down with or to join their regiments in
these provinces, and the favourable account they
give of their new service has produced a very good
effect, and tended greatly to remove the prejudice
against North Italy which the ill-disposed were and
are constantly endeavouring to instil into the minds
of the peasantry.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) EDw. WALTER BONHAM.

No. 6.—SIR J. HUDSON TO EARL RUSSELL.—
(RECIVED MARCH 4.)

Turin, Feb. 28, 1862.

My Lord,—ln reply to the inquiry which, by
your lordship's commands, I have made of Baron
Ricasoli, whether the order of Colonel Fantoni, at
Lucera, to which the Earl of Derby has alluded in
the House of Lords is genuine,,l have the honour
to state that Baron Ricasoli informs me that it was
published without the consent of the superior mili-
tary authority, by whom its suppression was imme-
diately ordered. (Signed) JAMES HUDSON.

No. 7. CONSUL BONHAM TO EARL RUSSELL.—(RE-

CEIVED MARCH 13.)
Naples, March 6, 1862.

My Lard,--I have the honour to report to your
lordship that having seen in the Times of the 26th
February, a report of a conversation in the House
of Lords relative to a proclamation issued in these
provinces, of which I had not previously heard, I
called on General La Marmora to ask some informa-
tion about it. His excellency told me that the first
he heard of it was an inquiry by telegraph from
Turin respecting a proclamation said to have been
issued by a Gen. Fantoni, there being no general of
that name in the service. He at once proceeded,
however, to investigate the matter, and found that
a Major Fantoni, commanding a battalion, had, in
effect, drawn up such a proclamation, end had it
printed in Lucera. Having then submitted it to
tahte general commanding the district, that officer
pc rson, ho weve
disapproved and disavowed it; it was
set °ans-c,
and not acted upon in any way. Some
having obtained a copy, sent it, it
would appear.
tr,
0 the journal Ay monia, at Turin, in
which it was_ published. His excellency added
that he had communi
agog cated all this by telegraph to
Turin some days
doubtless your lordship
has been already informed
her Ma esty 's Envo y the circumstance by
j Turin. I, however, write
to state to your lordship
that his proclamation was
not published either in the
°l3l oro
\a:
thaty
its
other
journal in these provinces, until n
publication in the Armonia having attracted atten-

tion in England, it has been copied into the journal
called the Popolo dltalia.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) EDW. -WALTER BONHAM.

No. B.—CONSUL BONHAM TO EARL RUSSELL.
(RECEIVED MARCH 13.)
Naples, March 7, 1862.
My Loid,—l have the honour to inform your
lordship that the Vice-Consul at Brindisi reports
the reappearance of brigands in that neighbour-
hood. Bands of marauders are also spoken of as
having made their appearance in other districts.
I asked General La Marmora, yesterday, what
truth there was in these reports,

His excellency stated that bands had appeared
in some places, but in small numbers. He added
that brigandage in this country is an affair of old
date, and it is useless to flatter ourselves that it can
be suppressed all at once. Until we improve our
internal communications by the construction of
railroads and of common roads, and have an effi-
cient and properly organised force of carabinieri
in the country we cannot hope wholly to eradicate
it. But these brigands are mere marauders, and not
in any way formidable or important as to numbers.
His excellency also stated that there had as yet
been no disembarkation of adventurers from abroad.
—I have, &c.,
(Signed) EDW. WALTER BONHAM.

NO. 9.--CONSUL BONHAM TO EARL RUSSELL.
(RECEIVED MARCH 25.)
Naples, March 19, 1862.

My Lord,—l have the honour to report to your
lordship that I this day received a letter from Co-
senza, signed Baron Antonio Valerio, containing
what purports to be copy of a proclamation issued
by Major Fumel in that neighbourhood, I enclose
copy and translation of that document.
Immediately I received it I called on his Excel-
lency General La Marmora, and showed it to him.
His excellency told me he had not previously seen
seen it, and had only heard of its existence by the
mention of the subject in the House of Commons.
He read it, as every one must do, with indignation
and disgust. He said that Major Fumel is not in
or belonging to the army, and he (the general) has
nothing to do with him, and does not understand
by what authority he is acting. He asked me to
let him have a copy of the proclamation, which I of
course gave him, and he called Col. Farriola, chief
of the staff, and desired him to send off a telegram
at once to the Prefect of Calabria to know on whose
authority this proclamation, which has excited the
natural indignation of foreign nations, had been is-
sued. His excellency promised to send me copy of the
prefect's reply, which, as soon as I receive it, I will
transmit to your lordship.
I also enclose copy and translation of Baron Va-
lerio's letter. lam not acquainted with the writer,
and cannot doubt his statements are exaggerated.
That men may have been shot at the places named
is possible, but I do not believe that any Northern
Italian would be guilty of shooting a woman under
the circumstances stated.

It is, I trust, needless for me to add that the rea-
son I did not sooner send a copy of the document
to your lordship is that I did not possess it, nor
was any one in this city cognisant of its existence.
The copy that I received is the first that had come
to Naples.

Doubtless the utmost exasperation exists on the
part of the troops towards the brigands ; it cannot
be otherwise. The latter put to death with exces-
sive cruelty any one of the troops who has the mis-
fortune to fall into their power—cut off the musta-
chios and chin-tufts of their victims, and wear them
as ornaments in their hats. Having such trophies
it is not possible to suppose they can expect or re-
ceive quarter when they on their parts, fall into the
hands of the troops.

General La Marmora further stated to me that a
captain and 19 men of a company of infantry at
Lucera, near Foggia, having separated from the rest
of the company when marching in that neighbour-
hood yesterday, were overpowered, and all massa-
cred by brigands. Their bodies were subsequently
found by their companions stripped and horribly
mutilated.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) EDW. WALTER BONHAM.
Enclosure 1 in No. 9.
Notice to the Public.
(Translation.)

The undersigned, charged with the destruction
of brigandage, promises a reward of 100 f. for every
brigand, alive or dead, who may be brought to him.
This reward shall be given to any brigand who
shall kill his companion ; moreover, his own life will
be spared. In defiance of this, those who may
give shelter or any means of subsistence or support
to brigands, or seeing them or knowing the place
where they have taken refuge, do not give informa-
tion to the force and to the civil and military au-
thorities, will be immediately shot.
For the custody of animals, it will be well that
they should be brought into several central spots,
with a sufficient armed force, because it will not be
of use without a considerable force. All straw huts
must be burnt ; the towers and country houses
which are not inhabited and guarded by a force
must be, within the space of the three days, unroofed
and their entrances bricked up. After the expira-
tion of that time thgy will, without fail, be burnt,
as also all animals which are not in proper custody
will be killed. It is prohibited to carry bread or any
kind of provisions beyond the habitations of the
communes, and whoever contravenes this will be
considered an accomplice of the brigands.
Provisionally, and for this circumstance, the syn-
dics are authorised to grant permission to carry
arms under the strict responsibility of the proprietor
who shall make the request.

Shooting as sport is also provisionally forbidden,
and therefore no one may fire off a gun expect to
give notice to the armed posts of the presence of
brigands, or else of their flight.
The national guard is responsible for the terri-
tory of their own commune.
The undersigned does not mean to recognise,
under present circumstances, but two parties—bri-
gands and anti-brigands; therefore he will class
amongst the first those who are indifferent, and
against these he will take energetic measures, for
when the general necessity demands it is a crime
to refuse.

The disbanded soldiers who do not present them-
selves within the space of four days will be consi-
dered brigands.
(Signed) The Major, S. FUMEL.
Celico, March 1, 1862.
Inclosure 2 in No. 9.
BARON VALERTO TO CONSUL BONHAM.
(Lranslation.)

Casenza, :March 12, 1862.

Sir,—Lord Derby asked explanations from the
English Government respecting the manifesto pub-
lished in the unfortunate Capitanata by the Pied-
monteso Fantoni, and received the assurance that
the Government of Turin would act with humanity.
Let the English Government know that Piedmont,
not to allow to escape through her fingers the prey
which, by treasons and infamies, she has seized, adds
to cruelty insult, and whilst she gives the assurance
that she will act with humanity, permits that in
Calabria an adventurer, a certain Fame], comes here
as organiser of the National Guards, which he has
not organised, because no one would know him,
having abandoned that mission, has taken upon him-
self to pass through these districts, subjecting them
to sack, fire, and ruin. _ _

And that all may be convinced of this cruelty let
them read the following proclamation. _ .

Neither is Fumel a man not to keep his word, in-
asmuch as at Bisignano he shot nine persons, after
they had voluntarily presented themselves ; in Acri,
two others ; in Corigliano an old womc ,n, because she
did not produce her daughter, who had. gone off with
a brigand; in Longobucco four others;; in Crucoli
six, and so on in other places—burning and de-
stroying all the country houses, huts, and shelters
for man and animals, and imprison:ing as many
people as fell into his hands. Murat did not do in
France that which is now being done by the ,4 Go-
vernment redressor of grievances, come at the cries
of suffering." But lot them beware t the mea-
sure is not filled, let them reflect that here are the
descendants of those who destroyed 4 0,000 French-
men to the first Napoleon. Woe if t, sey are again
aroused.

Is it possible for Europe, which br is intcrfered for

the massacres of Syria, of Turkey, and Mexico, bar-
barous and very distant provinces, to stand by in
silence and permit such horrors amongst populations
which belong to her by customs, by religion, and by
love

(Signed) BARONE ANTONIO VALERIO.

No. 19.--CONSUL BONHAM TO EARL RUSSELL.
(Received March 25.)
Naples, March 20, 1862.
My Lord,—With reference to my despatch of
yesterday's date, I have the honour to inclose copy
of a note I received last night from Gen. La Mar-
mora, transmitting translation of the reply his
excellency had received from the Prefect of Cala-
bria.—l have, &c.
(Signed) EDW. WALTER BONHAM.
Inclosure 1 in No. 10.
GENERAL LA MARMORA TO CONSUL BONHAM.
Naples, 19 Mars, 1862.
M. le Consul-General,—Voici la repcnse que je
viens de recevoir du Prefet de Calabre.
Je ne pourvais vous envoyer la depeche elle•
meme, parce qu'elle est en chiffre, et puisqu'il fal-
-1 lait la copier je l'ai traduite textuellement en Fran-
cais.

(Signe) ALPIIO. LA MARMORA.
Inolosure 2 in No. 10.
THE PREFECT OF CALABRIA TO GEN. LA MARMORA.
(Traduction.) Cosenza, le 19 Mars, 1862, 6h. 20m.
J'aurais empeche la Proclamation Fumel si je
l'avais connn a temps. Du reste, elle n'a jamais ete
imprimee, et le major Pa laissee divulguer par les
syndics plutot pour inspirer de la crainte, mais it a
toujours use une lovable moderation et justice, et
rendu d'eminents services.
Depuis quelque tems j'en avail averti le Minis-
tere, craignant co qui effectivement est arrive.
(Signe) Le Prefet, E. GUICCIARDI.

No. 11,—CONSUL BONHAM to EARL RUSSELL,—

(RECEIVED MARCH 29.)
Naples, March 21, 1862.

My Lord,—l have the honour to report to your
lordship that, having seen in the Times of the 15th
March a report of an inquiry made in the House of
Commons by Sir George Bowyer to the First Lord
of the Treasury as to whether her Majesty's Go-
vernment had received information that, whilst
the body of the deceased Archbishop of Amalfi
was lying in state in the cathedral of that
town, and whilst the funeral service was being
chanted by the clergy, a party of revolutionists
rushed into the church with drawn daggers,
and repeatedly stabbed the corpse of the prelate, I
lost no time in making inquiries on the subject. I
can inform your lordship, with entire confidence,
that no such atrocious occurrence took place. What
did occur was as follows :

Domenico Ventura, Archbishop of Amalfi, died,
in Naples, on or about the 11th of February. The
body was taken to Amalfi for interment. The
usual religious ceremonies having been duly per-
formed, the authorities required that, according to
the existing law, which prohibits interment in
churches, the body shall be deposited in the Campo
Santo, instead of in a vault in the cathedral, where
heretofore it had been the custom to deposit the
bodies of deceased bishops. Upon this a commo-
tion took place amongst the population of Amalfi,
especially amongst the women, who, carrying their
wooden slippers, assembled in great numbers at the
cathedral and insisted on the old custom being ad-
hered to. No regular troops are stationed at
Amalfi. The national guard, amongst whom lam
told there are but twelve muskets, could not quell
the disturbance. The authorities yielded, and the
corpse was placed in a vault in a cathedral.
A day or two after the occurrence, Signor Zoppi,
Prefect of Principatro Citra, hearing what had
taken place, sent a company of regulars from
Salerno, and in their presence the coffin containing
the corpse of the Archbishop was removed from the
vault in the cathedral and deposited in the Campo
Santo without any further disturbance.
Such are the real facts of the case.

As I have taken this account principally from
letters which have been shown me, written by per-
sons having strong reactionary tendencies, I am
quite sure that nothing that could be stated against
the present Government has been omitted. I have
written to the Vice-Consul at Salerno for a report
of the case, but being satisfied of the correctness of
the above particulars, I do not delay sending them.
As to the further report, that an expectation
existed in Naples that the tombs of the former royal
family in the church of Santa Chiara were likely to
be violated, I am unable to trace any foundation
whatever for that report. I have, unfortunately,
not been able to-day to find the Brazilian Consul-
General, but I have spoken to several of my col-
leagues, no one of whom had heard of such an
unexpected occurrence any more than I had. I have
seen the Civil Prefect, M. Visone, and the Secretary
of the Questor of the Police; they assure me that
they have never heard one word on the subject ;
that no communication has been received by them
from the Brazilian Consul or Minister relative to
the protection of the tombs of the children of the
Princess of Aquila; that there has never been the
slightest reason to suppose there was danger of their
being violated, and that they are utterly unable to
devise how such a report can have originated.—l
have, &c.,

(Signed) EDW. WALTER. BONHAM.

No. 12.—SIR J. HUDSON TO EARL RUSSELL.. --•

(RECEIVED APRIL 1.)
(Extract.) Turin, March 29, 1862.

I have the honour to inform your lordship that
I have been told on good authority that Prince
Petrulla, who for some time past has been organis-
ing an expedition at Trieste to land in the Neapoli-
tan provinces, has now ordered a quantity of red
Garibaldi shirts and other equipments in imitation
of Garibaldi's volunteers, for the purpose of dressing
his recruits in them, and so mystifying the popula-
tion wherever they may land.

No. 13.—CONSUL BONHAM TO EARL RUSSELL.—

(RECEIVED APRIL 2.)
(Extract.) Naples, March 27, 1862.
I have the honour to report to your lordship that
Colonel Brianza of the Bth regiment infantry sta-
tioned in the Capitanata, at whose suggestion it
would appear the proclamation recently issued by
Major Fantoni at Lucera, in that province, was
drawn up, has been placed en disponibtlite. I here-
with enclose copy and translation of the order of
the day issued by him on leaving his command. This
dismissal is bitterly commented on in some of the
journals, and it is assumed that many persons in
England view the system of brigandage with a
favourable eye. It is also alleged that active assist-
ance is being afforded by the British flag in the
transport of adventurers to land on these shores.
The Gazzettino di Napoli, of 25th istant, says .
" As it is well known, reaction is trying a last effort
and again raises its head. At Rome hands are being
organised militarily, which, embarked in ships
under the British flag, arc trying to effect a disem-
barkation on the coasts of Puglia and Bari. It
would appear that communications exist with the
brigands in the interior, as those under the orders
of Croceo are approaching the shores of the Adri-
atic, committing the usual excesses."
It is probable this assertion as to English ships is
not true, but it produces an unpleasant feeling. As
to the character of these excesses committed in the
Capitanata, they are atrocious. The following de-
tail I learn from the statement of a gentleman who
returned to Naples a few days since, having been
plundered by the band of the said Croceo, near
Feggia. I know no reason to doubt the truth of his
statement, which is as follows ;—" I left Bari; the
road being considered unsafe, two diligence,
having together fourteen passengers, travelled
in company. On 14th March we were stopped by a
large body in the Valley of Bovino. Amongst the
passengers were a lady, an old sergeant of vete-
rans, a police officer, and a monk ; the others were
private travellers. We were taken some miles into
the forest, where the large body of brigands were
assembled—these numbered about 100, all young
men, dressed as peasants, not at all as soldiers ;
two appeared to act as chiefs, one of whom was
called Schiavone, a man about 35 or 36 years old,
the other Crocco, a man of about 22 or 23. We
were were stripped of our money and clothes, the
lady's earrings were also taken, .the sergeant was
then shot, the policeman was bound and thrown

amongst a heap of faggots, which were set on fire,
and he was burnt; the rest of us remained for some
time in extreme terror, ,not knowing what would
be our fate—finally, one of the chiefs ordered that
we should be let go, end we were released accord-
ingly, found our way to Ariano, and thence to
Naples. I have to-day seen a telegram reporting
the burning alive of a priest by the same band of
Croceo, near Ascoli, which is also in the neigh-
bourhood of Bovino."

Another General is appointed to command in
place of General Dedda.
Inclosure in No. 13.

Order of the Day by Colonel Brianza.

Officers, Non commissioned Officers, and Sol-
diers !—ln accordance with the political authori-
ties, I gave orders to my Lieutenant-Colonel, the
Cavalier Fantoni, to proclaim rigorous measures,
so as to obtain, if not the total destruction of bri-
gandage, at least to diminish the devastation and
bloodshed caused by it in these fair and unhappy
countries.

The Government of the King has found this my
proclamation, perhaps, not altogether opportune
under actual contingencies, and, consequently, has
decided on my dismissal.
This sovereign decision, as regards me, has deeply
grieved my heart, as it obliges me separate myself
from you, who, during the two years I have been
your commander, have given me no doubtful proofs
of discipline and courage ; it suffices to call to mind
the death which has just now befallen eighteen of
your comrades commanded by the brave Cap-
tain Richard, who, rather than lay down their
arms to these assassins, about 140 in number,
preferred to defend Italian honour to the last drop
of their blood. Four of these unfortunates were
Neapolitans, and on this day, in taking leave of
you, I am happy to be able to offer a tribute of
praise also to you, soldiers of Southern Italy, who
in good conduct observed,' and valour shown, have
rendered yourselves worthy to fight by the size of
your fellow-soldiers of Palestro and San Martino.
At the moment of leaving you, I consider myself
again obliged to recommend to your ardent and
constant discipline, such as I know you have
hitherto maintained. It rejoices my heart to know
you severed from my old feeling of municipalism
(provincialism), and that you hold it an honour to
be an Italian. I have no doubt whatever that
when the occasion shall present itself for you to
measure yourselves with the enemy you will know
how to add fresh laurels to those already gained,
thus rewarding the care of, the new commander who
may be chosen to lead you, and of the Government
of the King, who expects from the army the accom-
plishment of the grand work—unification of Italy.
Viva it Re I Viva Melia. !
Foggia, March 22, 1862.
The Colonel
(Signed) E. BRIANZI.

THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.

The Exhibition is now no doubt making rapid
progress towards completion, but putting it into
order seems a more than Augean labour, for some-
how the more that is done the more there seems to
remain to do. An enormous number of cases have
been added to the mass since our last notice, but
during the same brief interval apparently not 20
additional cases have been unpacked. In fact, pack-
ing cases and how to get them out of the building
are just now becoming most formidable difficulties,
and if exhibitors don't move in the matter the Com-
missioners will have to remove the cases whether
full or empty. It must be remembered that when
Sundays, Good Friday, Easter Monday, and the
Saturday half-holidays are deducted, there will be
found no more than 12 working-days between this
date and the opening on the Ist of May, and if
any exhibitor thinks that the opening can properly
take place without the most strenuous exertions
of all concerned, we would advise him to go and
look at the building in its present state.
An enormous amount of work remains to be done
by the exhibitors themselves. The British are
now confessedly:ahead of their foreign competitors,
but, unless they make further exertions, they will
only be ahead, and by no means quite ready. The
executive staff and the contractors have worked
with such unremitting diligence that their portion
of the undertaking is almost complete, and it is due
to their efforts, as well as to the public and our
national reputation, that there should be no
shortcoming on our side on the day of opening.
The orchestra is more than half-finished already
and when quite complete, it will form no inconsi-
derable ornament to the building. In the front
of it, Minton's great fountain is being erected,
one of the finest works of Majolica pottery ever
executed in any country. Many of the side courts,
too, are getting up their partitions draped with
various colours, so that even now the glowing tints
come out strongly, and foreshadow what a
grand effect the whole will have when finished.
The English side of the nave is already half full
of trophies, but in these as in other matters
the foreigners are very backward. Somewhere in
the English part of the nave the Koh-i-noor is to be
fixed. This great jewel is exhibited by her Majesty,
who also sends a fine collection of rough rubies from
Lahore, a silver table-fountain by Garrard, and
some fine silver vases of Vechtes, manufactured by
Hunt and Roskell. Her Majesty has also consented
that her magnificent dessert service, which during
the last two or three years has been in course of
manufacture at the Worcester Porcelain Works,
may be shown by Messrs. Kerr and Binns, the
manufacturers. This work, which it is said has
eclipsed the very finest specimens of the kind that
Swires, Dresden, or Vienna, has yet produced will
be shown by itself as a trophy in the nave, and in
the porcelain world the liveliest interest is evinced
to learn with what feeliggs foreigners will regard
the grand service and Minton's fountain, our great
chef d'ceuvres of ceramic manufacture. Near this
trophy will be another equally fine and important
in its way, that of Messrs. Elkington. This will
also be one of the most beautiful in the building.
The whole form of the substructure is good, and the
bronze figures which are to surmount it are noble
and impressive. In another part of the nave Mr.
Earp is erecting a design for a large drinking foun-
tain in carved stone and coloured marbles, which pro-
mises, when finished, to come out remarkably well.
Near this fountain, but on the opposite side, the
great Norwich gates of Barnard and Bishop have
been erected, and, though not yet finished, they are
already exciting general admiration. For the most
elaborate perfection of wrought-iron workmanship
nothing finer has been produced in this country.
These gates, with the exquisitely cast gates of the
Falkirk Company, and the Hereford rood screen,
will be, in their cltrsses, the manufacturing chefs
(rccuvre of the Exhibition.

We continue our notice of the chief objects ex-
pected in the various classes with those under the
superintendence of Mr. J. Leighton, F.S.A. These
are classes 15, 28, and 38 A, and include paper
and paper-making materials, printing in all its
branches, from ordinary types to lithograph, and
chromo-lithography, bookbinding, clocks and
watches, and art designs for manufactures. The
show of paper in this class will not be very exten-
sive from the mere manufacturers, though there will
be a very good exhibition of what is called " half
stuff,"—that is, paper made from various vegetable
substances, such as straw, esparto fibre, &C. The
capabilities of paper for the most durable articles
will be exemplified by M. Szerelmy's exhibition of
paper water-proof pipes, boards, 84c. Mr. Saunders
will show a very curious display of wire and water
marked papers, which are valuable as a security
against the forgery of banknotes, and are interest-
ing also from their highly artistic character, almost
equalling, when held up to the light, the embossed
porcelain pictures we see suspended in windows.
Printing in all its various branches will be shown,
except in that most important one of all which mi-
nisters so much to the instruction and amusement
of all England—that process, by which the thought
and eloquence of the kingdom are embodied in a few
hours and sent forth in the form of a daily news-
paper by hundreds and thousands before daylight,
It would require a very large court indeed—more,
in fact, than ten times the whole space that is given
to this class, to show the various processes which
even a paper of small circulation has to pass through
before its sheets are submitted to the public. Iu this ,