The Sun.
London, England, 1862-07-03 00:00:00

THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA.

LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY.
The Canadian mail steamer North American,
Captain Burgess, which left Quebec on the 21st ult.,
arrived in the Mersey this afternoon.
By this arrival we receive New York journals of
the 19th, Portland ones of the 20th, and from
Quebec of the 21st ult.
The Philadelphia Ledger had published a bulletin
that the Secretary of War has again called on the
Governors of States to know how many men they
can at once supply to reinforce the army. The
cause of this is believed to be the reinforcement of
Jackson in the Shenandoah Valley,
The New York. Herald professes to have been
furnished by an intelligent Union refugee with im-
portant, and interesting information of affairs in
Richmond, from which place he made his escape a
few days previously. He states that
Since the appointment of General Lee as General
in Chief, nearly the whole army has been concen-
trated near Richmond, even recalling some regi-
ments sent against General Burnside. The Con-
scription Act is rigidly en forced, the conscripts being
placed in the ranks of old regiments in the field.
Jeff. Davis is hated by the army as a stubborn self-
willed tyrant, and Beauregard has lost prestige,
though they still hold to the delusion of a rebel
victory at Shiloh. Correspondents are excluded
from all the camps, and the soldiers are not allowed
to write to their friends. The Southern papers
praise the exploits of the guerillas, especially the
fact of their not taking any prisoners. If these
guerillas capture any Northern troops they are led
into the woods, a few shots are heard, and the state-
ment made that the Yankees were parolled.
There are from 400 to 500 persons in prison in
Richmond charged with disloyalty to the South.
The negroes are daily growing more open in in-
subordination, and the burning of the city is by
some considered certain. While the rebels esti-
mate their army round Richmond at 180,000 men,
it cannot amount to less than 150,000. This army,
though largely made up of conscripts, is well disci-
plined and effective, and has unbounded confidence
in Gen. Joseph Johnson. The rebel soldiers still
believe that the tide will be turned against General
M'Clellan and then the war will be carried across
the Potomac into Maryland and the North, The
army of Johnson is constantly receiving reinforce-
ments, and he expects to hold our army in check
until the impatience of England and France in re-
ference to Southern cotton and tobacco shall re-
sult in bringing these nations to the rescue. The
rebels still cling to the delusion that their armies
have only temporarily abandoned such places as
New Orleans, Norfolk, Nashville, and Memphis.
The rebel leaders are fully aware, however, that all
their deceptions of military strategy will be ex-
posed with the loss of Richmond, and hence their
desperate efforts and labours to hold it. They can-
not explain their retreat from a crushing defeat at
Richmond to the satisfaction of their deluded fol-
lowers.

.. __...
The. Washington correspondent of the Philadel.

phia Enquirer notes the arrival of General Banks
in that city, and denies the truth of the rumours
that ho is to be superseded. Some important
changes are to be made in the army of the Shenan-
doah, but these will not affect General Banks.
A Washington telegram of the 12th says :—lt is

believed that a correspondence is now progressing
relative to a general exchange of prisoners. Secre-
tary Stanton has returned.
Late advices from M'Clellan's headquarters say :
—Six boys were brought in yesterday by our ca-
valry, who state that the rebel pickets on our left
wing had advanced, and they accidentally strayed
over the line. They are believed to be spies,
sleeping in swamps by day, and spying around our
pickets at night.
There is occasional skirmishing along our whole
line, but a general engagement is not anticipated
for several days.

The weather is very hot, and the roads are now
in pretty good condition.

It is stated that Gen. Gustavus W. S. Smith was
palsied and unfit fer duty in the Confederate army,
The Portland Argus calls loudly for reinforce-
ments for M'Clellan, and draws a discouraging
picture of recent events in Virginia. It says :—We
do not look through the eyes of a military man, but