The Sun.
London, England, 1862-04-04 00:00:00

London: H. Bailliere. 219, Regent-street.

WHY AM I ILL ? By a PHYSICIAN. The
last and best New Medical Work, showing by what
means perfect and permanent restoration to health and manly
'rigour can be imparted, even to the most shattered constitu-
tion. Price is., by post 14 stamps, sealed 22.
Sold by 11. J. Smart, 10, Ave Maria-lane, E.C.

A MOST DESIRABLE BREAKFAST BEVERAGE.
4PPS'S C 0 C 0 A.
(Commonly called Epps's Homceopathic Cocoa).
The delicious aroma, grateful smoothness, and invigo.
rating power of this preparation have procured its general
adoption as a most desirable breakfast beverage.
ilb., Ob., and llb. packets, at Is. 6d. per lb., by Grocers.

Just published, containing 190 pages, with 100 Engravings,
free by post, 12 stamps, sealed 20 stamps,
THE SILENT FRIEND, the Greatest Medical
Work of the Age, or Youthful Indiscretions and conse-
quen.- Impediments to Marriage, describing the Anatomy of
the Reproductive System in health and disease, and pointing
out the sure means of perfect restoration to manhood ; with
an Essay on Single and Married Life, containing his Pre-
scription known as the Preventive Lotion, precluding the
possibility of contamination. Address H. and L. Pinnv and
(;0., ruers-street Oxford-street. W. Attendan daily,
from 10 till 8; Sundays, 11 till 2, by a Consulting S geon,
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England (Regis-
tered under the New Medical Act).

TOZEAU'S COPAHINE MEGE.--Copaiba and
Cubebs are doubtless the best remedies, but are of a re-
pulsive taste and odour, and occasion colicky pains, nausea,
and gastric dis' urbance. M. Jozeau has succeeded in render-
ing them perfectly innocuous by increasing all their curative
properties. It has been adopted by the Paris Academy of
Medicine after more than a thousand trials in Paris and the
different London hospitals, via., W. Thomas's, Guy'.,, and St.
Bartholomew's, under the care of Messrs. Lloyd, Poloud. and
Legros Clark.—" Lancet," Nov. 6, 1857. The Copahine, which
is in form of a pretty pink sugar plum, effects a cure in about
six days. 100 Capsules, 4s. 6d. post free, ss. 2d.— At G.
.TOZEAU'S, French Chemist, 49, Haymarket, Loudon; 22,
Hue St. Quentin, Paris; and all Chemists.

TRULY EFFICACIOUS AND MILD.—
Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre-
eared without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr.
-eott, of Bromley, Kent, will be found invaluable to all who
suffer from bilious and liver complaints, indigestion, wind
spasms, giddiness, dizziness of the eyes, &o. For habitual
costiveness, as a family aperient medicine, and as a purifier
of the blood, they are truly excellent; mild in their opera-
tion and grateful to the stomach, they create appe'ite, pro-
mote digestion, and strengthen the whole nervous system.
Sold by W. Lambert, 20, Jermyn-street, Haymarket, London,
and by most druggists, in boxes, is. 14d., and three times
the quantity in one, 2s. 9d. Be sure to ask for Dr. Scott's
Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square green
package, with " William Lambert," engraved on the stamp.

THE VIGOUR OF YOUTH RESTORED IN
FOUR WEEKS by Dr. RICORD'S ESSENCE OF
LIFE.

This wonderful agent will restore manhood to the most
shattered constitution, whether arising from self-pollution,
excesses, nocturnal emissions, the effects of climate, or natu-
ral causes. The time required to cure the most inveterate
case is four weeks ; and, if used according to the printed in-
structions (which are very simple), failure is impossible.
This life-restoring remedy should be taken by all about to
marry, as its effects are permanent. It is acknowledged by
the medical press to be the greatest discovery ever made.
Success in every case is as certain as that
,water quenches
thirst

Dr. Ricord's Essence of Life is sold in cases, with full In-
structions for use, at lls., or four quantities in one for 335.,
and will be sent•to any part of the world, carefully packed,
on receipt of remittance or post-office order payable to Front
and Co., Patent Medicine Warehouse, 229, Strand, London.

(Entered at Stationers' Hall.)

Now Ready, irice ls., post free 14 stamps, or in a sealed
envelope 20 stamps, a popular Medical Work on NERVOUS
EXHAUSTION.

VIVA VITALIS, illustrated with 100 Engravings
from Life (of Cases attended at the Hotel Dieu, Paris,
and other Hospitals), descriptive of the baneful effects conse-
quent upon the errors and excesses of yquth and maturity,
and the debility arising from the too frequent indulgence of
the passions, containing a prescription of the Author's Invi-
gorating Lotion, an external appl cation, with directions for
its use, with an Essay on true and false Spermatorrhcea, every
stage of Syphilis, and all uretnral affections, showing how
manhood can be restored with increased muscular develop-
ment, by the most simple means ; thereby removing all Dis-
qualifications and Impediments to Married Life. By
MEDICUS, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, Eng-
land, and Licentiate of the Itoyal College or Physicians,
Edinburgh, registered under the New Medical Act, who may
be consulted at the residence, 44A, Maddox-street, Regent-
street. London, W. (opposite the side of St, George's Church),
daily. 11 till 2, and from 5 till 8 ; Sundays, 11 till 2. To be
had direct as above, and from all Booksellers in Paternoster-
row, London.

T)OST-OFFICE TURKISH BATHS,
19, St. Martin's-le-Grand.

2a. till 5, and le. 6d. from 5 till 9 ; Sundays, le. tllll.
An ESSAY on TURKISH BATHING, gratis.
OPINIONS OF TILE PRESS.

" The Use and the Abuse of the Turkish Bath.—A very
useful pamphlet has been published by Dr. Culverwell, the
proprietor of the Turkish- Baths in the neighbourhood of the
Post-office, which presents to the uninitiated a mass of inte-
resting information, while those who have already encouraged
this new system derive additional advantage if they
observe some of the practical regulations which the writer
,atideavours to enforce."—Herald and Standard, Nov. 12, 1881.
" The Post-office Turkish Baths, 19, St. Martin's-k-:Grand.
—Dr. Culvetivell has already established the reputation of
an able nhydician ; he has nowproved himself to be a worthy
philanthropist, in as far as he has established, in the heart
of the Citytt.n institution that more nearly than any disco-
very of moaern days, goes nearer the abolition of the practice
of physic, than any proposition or invention yet established,
the Turkish Bath. . . Our object being merely to direct
the attention, of our City readers to the fact that they possess
one of the best set of baths, at 19, St. Martin's-le-Grand,
which the country can produce: perfect in all its appliances,
and most admirable in effect. Dr. Culverwell has fitted up
his baths with a degree of elegance, luxury, and refinement,
which, considering the space at his disposal, is truly sur-
prising, while everything that taste or delicacy could desire
has been obtained to add to the comfort and luxury of the
visitor. . . We may justly say that if a man ever feels
I himself regenerated and new made, it is on:coming out:of a
I Turkish Bath."—Era, 0ct.,13. 1861.
Consultations daily till 12 a.m.

A S THE FACULTIES OF THE BODY, in
harmony with those of THE MIND, approach deve-
loped maturity, the rising human being, surrounded by
fastitious circumstances—some salutary, some pernicious—
becomes susceptible of impressions which, according to the
degree of puunExcE and KNOWLEDGE with which he is en-
dowed, may be the sources of happiness or of unspeakable
misery.

Some of the
,most deadly and terrible of the influences last
referred to originate at that period when parents fondly hope
that the objects of their love are being prepared to fight
honourably the great battle of life—namely, the scholastic
and collegiate period. Habits are then contracted, in
u ignorance of their effects. which, if not ar-
reZPec,tetnindgto sink the Triermis or Ennon to the deepest
depths of degradation and woe. The evil is aggravated by
the apathy too generally evinced by the medi 'al profession,
not only as to the nature but the very existence of the
diseases arising from the cause Indicated, and to which the
ginadequate designation of "Nervous Disorders
gancraerDaelballintd y,, has been given. One of the consequences of
this neglect s.
that the treatment of the most delicate
classes i
of disease which afflict society has been taken
uP; by unqualified and uneducated persons.
Dr. LA,mERT, M.D., Licentiate' of the Roya_ Society
of ; Apothecaries, Ste.. 37, Bedford- square,
London, is
TFM ONLY pRAcTITIeNER REGULARLY QUALIFIED AND
lITISTERED who has devoted his exclusive attention for 20
yqrs to the cure of these affections, which war with the very
lovlntains of human RATTINESS, HEALTH, and FUNCTIONAL
vipOUIL The result of his experience and successful prac-
tide may be perused with advantage in his Treatise, .. SELF-
PIIESERVA_TION," sold by Mann,39,Cornhill, London, price
Is 4; post free for 13, or with sealed ends f0r,20 stamps.
_
At home .for consultation, daily, from 11 till'2, and 6 till 8
7, BedkVii-ntlare.

AMERICA.

-

LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY.
The Inman steamer City of Washington, Capt.
Brooks, from New York on the 22d ult., arrived
here today.
A summary of the news received by telegraph,
via Queenstown, has been already published.
The situation of affairs is thus epitomised in the
New Y ork Herald of the 22d ult.:—

" The news from General Banks's division pre-
sents no important features. A portion of General
Shield's reconnoitring party has returned to Win-
chester from Strasburg. It is reported that the
rebel General Jackson is near Mount Jackson with
his partially disorganised forces.

" Two new military departments have been con-
stituted by the President—the first to be called
the Department of the Gulf, which will com-
prise all the coast of the Gulf of Mexico west of
Pensacola harbour, and so much of the Gulf States
as may be occupied by the forces under Major-Gen.
G. F. Butler's United States volunteers; the head-
quarters for the present will be moveable wherever
the general commanding may be. The other is de-
nominated the Department of the South, compris-
ing the States of South Carolina, Georgia, with the
expedition and forces now under Brigadier General
F. W. Sherman, to be under the command of Gene-
ral David Hunter.

"Affairs at Island No.lo, which has now become
a point of interest, represent the rapid approach of
a termination to the tedious bombardment of that
rebel stronghold. Up to yesterday evening our
gunboats Benton and Mond City were playing
heavily on the upper batteries, with a view to
reduce them. The fortifications are very
strong, mounting, at least, 80 guns, while
a body of 20,000 troops are encamped on the
main land in the rear, completely out of range
of our mortars. Five guns on the upper battery
on the Tennessee shore have been dismounted, and
only two left, which give an occasional shot. The
batteries appear to be provided with bomb-proof
casemates, as the men are seen to disappear when
our shells approach them.
" A. despatch to St. Louis, dated from Island No.
10• on Thursday, says that a large number of loaded
waggons were then leaving Tennessee shore, from
which it was believed the rebels were making pre-
parations for an evacuation of their works. General
Pope allowed a rebel gunboat to approach within
50 yards of a masked battery on Tuesday, and then
sunk her, killing 15 of those on board, He had pre-
viously allowed five rebel steamers to pass on towards
New Madrid, and they are now between his batteries,
unable to escape. Over twelve rebel vessels,
their floating batteries and battering rams, are now
above Gen. Pope's batteries, and will certainly be
sunk or captured. Meantime the rebels have posted
three regiments at Fort Pillow, between New
Madrid and Memphis. Pikes are being manu-
factured at the latter place to arm the new levies,
of which not quite a hundred men have as yet re-
sponded to the call of Governor Harris. The
governor, however, has disappeared from Memphis,
and the members of the legislature have followed
his example. The city is said to be in a terrible
condition. The Union men were abandoning the
place; leaving all their property to be confiscated,
as impressment at the point of the bayonet had
become general. Men were driven from the streets
and from their stores and dwellings to the rebel
camps of instruction, and all who could escape from
the city with their lives were glad to get away.
Qtarrels between the rebels and Unionists were of
daily-occurrence in the streets, and shots are freely
exchanged between them.
" Our news from Tennessee is important. Dis-
spatches from Cairo state that our troops at Savan-
nah, 60 miles from Florence, Alabama, are doing
good service. Gen. Beauregard, with a force of
15,000 rebels, recently from Pensacola, is said to be
at Corinth, and Generals Bragg and Cheatham have
also their divisions in the same vicinity. On the
night of the 13th inst. a body of the sth Ohio Ca-
valry put a part of Gen. Cheatham's cavalry to
flight, and burned the railroad bridge. Our army
in that neighbourhood is divided into five divisions
commanded by Generals Sherman, M.Clernand,
Wallace, Hurlburt, and Lanman. No less than
6,000 Unionists in the vicinity of Savannah, are re-
ported to have enlisted in our army recently."
On the 20th, the joint resolution of co-operation
with the President's late Message, recommending
assistance to states desiring to abolish slavery, was
reported back from the judiciary committee, with
the recommendation that it pass. The Senate then
debated the bill for the abolition of slavery in Co-
lambia, and went into executive session.

In the House of Representatives on the 19th, the
entire session was taken up in considering the Tax
Bill. All the general provisions-40 in number—
were l
a e s acted
m from•
e A
upon, but no important amendments
were proposition was made to exempt
v
taxation,
and on this a short debate
staedd
sprung up as to the question of property in slaves.
The tax on spirituous liquors, ales, &c., was con-
sidered, but no progress made on this part of, the
bill. On the 20th, the judiciary committee re-
ported back the several bills and resolutions in
reference to confiscatior, of rebel property, with a

recommendation adverse thereto. On the 21st a
joint resolution was adopted authorising the Secre-
tary of the Navy to have the steam frigate Roanoke
iron clad. The Tax Bill was taken up, but the dis-
cussion did not extend beyond the spirituous liquors
and ales sections, and the house adjourded after
having adopted a few amendments to the bill.
A late Richmond paper has the following :—" In
the Confederate court, on Saturday last, the impor-
tant case, involving nearly half a million of dollars
of The Confederate States v. August Belmont,' was
taken up. The Rothschilds have interposed, and,
as French citizens, claim the tobacco as their pro-
perty. Proceedings in this case will be, most pro-
bably, postponed, as the blockade cuts
offfrlyo,m in h
tilLhilds the opportunity of attend-
ingt properly to their interests in the matter."
indefinitely
Rniot e
The correspondent of the Philadelphia press at
Fort Monroe states that Mr. Buchanan, the com-
mander of the Merrimac, died a few days since of
the wounds he received in the action of the Bth
March. Amputation was found necessary, and his
leg was accordingly taken off a few inches below
the hip joint. His system proved unable to sustain
the shock, and he died the following day.
Whether Mr. Yancey, one of the Confederate
commissioners to England,
was captured or not,
appears to be still doubtful. A New York journal
says :
"It was stated yesterday in our news columns,
that Wm. L. Yancey ;‘Vas arrested in the disguise
of a sailor, on board a schooner, trying to run the
klock.ade into at- Scut:At:l port, and that he is on-his
way to Fort Warren. To-day, however, we have a
despatch to the effect that Southern advices had
arrived at Nashville, to say that Yancey arrived at
New Orleans, and made a speech avowing that no
help eot.ld be procured from England or France,
and urging retaliation by stopping cotton cultiva-
tion. A later despatch from the engineer of the
United States gunboat Waterwiteh states that the
gunboat captured the schooner Wm. Mailony, with
Yancey on board. Which of these reports is true
we are unable to determine."

correspondentwrites as follows :
Of the New York
Times,The Washingtonunderdate
March
1,
" Gen. Bleaker has been suspended from his com-
mand, and it is thought will not return. Evidence
of improper conduct has been found by the commit-
tee on the conduct of the war, and reported to the
Senate today, and his nomination Was unanimously
rejected. The President, it is said, has been asked
to bring Sigel to take his division. General Sigel
was unanimously confirmed to-day as major-general;
Frank Paterson's appointment as brigadier-general
was considered, but is not yet confirmed. His error
is that Gen. M'Clellan recommended him. Gen.
Fremont received his final instructions to-day at the
War Department, and leaves to-morrow. His body
guard, under Zagony, will accompany him and
reorganise the cavalry. Secretary Chase is prepar-
ing a very elaborate tax bill, which is intended to
be moved as a substitute for the present bill
now before the 'house. The rate of taxation
is considerably higher upon ail articles of prime
necessity, and much lower on other :articles which
the ways and means committee fixed to suit their
purposes. Th© Secretary favours a tax upon
whisky of not less than 50c. per gallon ; on tobacco,
750. per lb., and so on. The bill will probably be
taken by the Senate finance committee ,as it will
come too late to be considered by the house. The
public debt and all foreign drafts are paid at matu-
rity, no matter what may be the pressure in other
respects on the Treasury."
By the arrival of the steam ship Karnak at New
York we have Mexican advises to the 7th March.

It is stated that all the English at Vera Cruz,
wth the exception of about a hundred nen, had

embarked and were ready to start for England, via
Havannah and Bermuda. They had sold all their
mules to the French. The French and Spanish
forces remain in Mexico. Sickness among the
troops still continued. Burnenis of battles in the
interior between the insurrectionists and the forces
of Juarez were rife, but they needed confirmation.

WRECK OF A COAVICT SIIIP.

IMPORTANT LIFEBOAT SERVICE.

PORTSMOUTH, Thursday. —The vessel reported as
being on shore at the back of the Isle of Wight is
the Cedarine, Captain Dill, from Bermuda, bound
to Spithead, with 191 short-time convicts on board.
All on board have been happily saved, and chiefly
by the aid of the excellent lifeboat placed last
autumn at Brigstone Grange, by the National Life-
boat Institution, and presented to it by the Royal
Victoria Yacht Club for that purpose. The convicts
on board were in charge of Surgeons Beek and
Roberts, Overseer Young, and three warders. The
crew of the ship numbered 13, and in addition
there were also on board the wife of Surgeon King
and five women and 18 children, the wives and
families of the warders. The Cedarine, which is a
new barque bailt of cedar, and measuring 308 tons,
sailed from Bermuda on the 15th of March, expe-
riencing stormy wiather until striking soundings,
with the wind chiefly from the N.N.W. After making
soundings the wind came round to S.W., blowing
strong, and accompanied with very thick weather
in the Channel. Shortly before 2 a.m. on Wednes-
day land was suddenly seen close aboard through a
lift in the fog, and the ship's helm was put down to
bring her round, but she missed stays, and immedi-
ately afterwards struck the ground midway between
the Ship Ledge and Brigstone Grange, about 200
yards from high-water mark, it being about high
water at the time. A heavy sea was running in a t
the time, and each succeeding roller lifted the ves-
sel and drove her further in, the ground over which
she was driving being fortunately a bed of sand
and free from rocks. The Coastguard at Atherfield
station gave the alarm, and Mr. .Tohn Brooke, of
Brigstone Grange, personally superintended the
conveyance of the lifeboat on its carriage from the
boathouse by a team of his own horses from the
grange to the shore. The Rev. J. P. Gaze, rector
of Brooke, and hon. secretary of the Isle of Wight
branch of the National Lifeboat Institution, and Mr.
Cutajar, commanding the Coastguard station at
Atherfield, were also on the beach superintending
the means being taken to rescue the people from on
board the stranded ship. A hawser had in the mean-
time been got out from the vessel's jibboom, and by
this means some of the crew and convicts reached
the shore, assisted by the coststguardsmen, one of
the latter, named Sendereen, particularly distin-
guishing himself by his boldness in entering the
surf to assist the men in leaving the ship. The life-
boat on her first trip brought ashore the women
and in seven subsequent trips brought
the whole of the remaining people
oanndshchorieldirnensa,
fety
on board. She behaved admirably in the broken
appeared to have the greatest
guard had been de-
spatched from Parkhurst Barracks, but previous to
confidencewate r and
ihnehr ecrr.e crew appeared
military
the arrival of all the party at the scene of the wreck
the convicts had left the shore for the village of
Brigstone, where, having plenty of money, they
of two publichouses,
of fights taking
dtnhre nearly
keys drainedaunitd being
quarrelsome,otuhtatththe a stmocaikotity of them became
series
place simultaneously in the middle of the road. It is
but justice to state that all the men were not
alike, a body of the best conducted having been sent
away by themselves, at their own request, on the
road to Parkhurst *Prison, near Newport. The
arrival of the military put an end to the riot in the
village, and, waggons being procured, the convicts
were conveyed under escort to Parkhurst. This
morning the weather had greatly moderated, and
the vessel now lies sufficiently high on the beach to
enable any person to walk round her at low water.
Hor getting her sails, spars,
an crew are.stores on shore. ngag
schore.ud inShe shows but little signs of
damage, but it is the opinion of the people
near the place where:she lies that it isimp residentossibleto
get her afloat again, owing to the extent and nature
of the shoals between her present position and deep
water. The ship is partially insured.

construction et Chatham, and it is therefore pro-
, bible that the plan proposed for completing the
, squadron of armour-plated frigates building at the
several dockyards, as cupola ships, on Capt. Coles's
principle, has been abandoned, and that the Royal
Oak and other vessels of her class will be completed
simply as armour-plated ships, according to the
original plan. In the meantime every effort is
being made by the dockyard officials to have the
Royal Oak completed and afloat during the present
summer. To accomplish this every hand, with the
exception of some 50 or 60 shipwrights and caulkers
at work on the Racoon, 22, and the Pylades, 21, is
employed on her, and from the energy which is
just now being displayed little more than four
months will see the first of the new description of
wooden armour-covered ships afloat. By special
direction of the Admiralty all the hands in the
dockyard have been withdrawn from the wooden
ships and placed on the two iron vessels, the Achilles
and Royal Oak, which together have upwards of
1,000 shipwrights and mechanics employed on them,
in addition to the hands at work in the factory and
smithy preparing the materials to be used. The
exterior of the Royal Oak is now completely
planked in readiness to receive her armour-plates,
which will be laid on a solid backing of teak and
oak of 29 inches in thickness. Adjoining the slip,
an extensive building is in course of erection for the
reception of the machinery to be used in preparing
the iron slabs in which the vessel will be encased.
Unlike the Achilles, the Resistance, the Defence,
and other iron vessels of that class, which are pro-
vided with projecting stems, for running down ves-
sels, the Royal Oak and other armour-plated ships
are almost square built, each being constructed
with what is termed a " tumble-home" stem pro-
jesting in the slightest possible manner from the
bow of the ship, thus doing away altogether
with the supposition of these frigates being used
as steam rams. In order to obtain additional
strength for the stern-post, the screw-well usually
found on board the screw steamers will be partially
abolished in the Royal Oak and the sister ship
Roy al Alfred, building at Portsmouth.
The Vivid, tender to the flagship Fisgard, at
Woolwich, has left the river on special foreign ser-
vice.

The screw steam transport Fox, 42, Master
Commander Thomas Pullen, yesterday commenced
shipping boilers and machinery in basin at Wool-
wich, for the Royal Alfred, 91, screw steamship,
under construction at Portsmouth.

The chartered transport Anne Forster, for
Jamaica, having shipped guns, carriages, smiths'
forges, zinc, and other stores from Woolwich
Arsenal yesterday sailed for her destination.

Her Majesty's paddle yacht Victoria and Albert,
Captain George Seymour, C. 8., arrived at Ports-
mouth yesterday morning, on her return from
conveying her Royal Highness the Crown Princess
of Prussia to the continent.

The iron screw frigate Valiant, 32, 4,063 tons,
800-horse power, building at Millwall, is ordered to
be sent, as soon as launched, to Chatham, where
she will be fitted, and furnished with her Arm-
strong armament.

The Royal Naval Reserve is becoming highly
popular in Liverpool. Within the last few weeks
upwards of 200 men have been enrolled by Com-
mander White, of the Hastings.
Inquiries have been made by the agents of the
American Federal Government, in England, as to
the rate at which iron plates, for the construction
of iron-clad ships, cambe Manufactured and supplied
in this country.
The following appointments were made yester-
day at the Admiralty :—Thcmas F. Hight, super-
numerary in the Fisgard, confirmed as first-class
assist.-engineer ; J. Edge, secretary to Rear-Admi-
ral L. T. Jones, K.C.8,, Commander-in Chief at
Cork; and Richard Curgenven.

THE ARMY.

A letter from Malta, dated March 29, says :

I regret to state that there is a good deal of ill-
feeling existing just now between the military and
a portion of the inhabitants, which has broken out
during the past week in several disturbances. On
Tuesdaylast, on the occasion of some athletic games
got up by the officers and men of the garrison, a col-
lision took place between them and the people, in
consequence of the latter, as it is alleged, having
infringed the boundaries set up by the military.
Sticks, belts, and stones were freely used, and the
affray at one time threatened to be more serious
than it ultimately proved to be. Save a few broken
heads and numerous contusions no damage was
done ; but it was not before a picket was called out
that order was reestablished. The disturbance was
renewed the same evening on the Palace-square in
Valetta, when for several hours that part of the
town was kept in a state of uproar by collisions be-
tween the people and a number of military officers.
Five soldiers were arrested the same evening for
attacking the inhabitants with their side belts, and
having on the following morning been brought be-
fore a magistrate, were condemned to a term of im-
prisonment. These disgraceful scenes are greatly
deplored by all good officers and eitizeni, and it is
hoped the Governor will take steps to put a stop to
them, otherwise serious consequences may' ensue.
The detachment of the Grenadier Guards, under
the command of Col. Pousonby, having completed
their course of rifle practice, returned to head-
quarters from Eastbourne on Wednesday ; on the
same day detachments of the Coldstream and Fusi-
lier Guards, under the command of Col. Lord
Abinger, arrived there to go through a course of
ball practice.
Yesterday a party, including Gen. Sir John Bur.
goyne, Lieut.-Gen. Wetherel, Col. E.H. Greatheud,
Cul. Hamilton, R.E., Col. Manners, Inspector of
Volunteers, Capt. Inglefield, N.N., Comr. White,
R.N., Lieut.-Col. Newlands, L.E.V., Lieut.-Col.
Clay, L.A.V., and several other officers, accompa-
nied the Mayor of Liverpool, in the Cunard steamer
Satellite, en a trip tip and down the Mersey. After
visiting the new Royal mail steamer Scotia, in the
Canada Dock, with which they expressed very
great satisfaction, they proceeded to the extreme
north end of the intended new docks at Liverpool,
near which it is intended to erect a strong protec-
tive fortress. This, it is understood, is to be con-
structed of iron and stone on a uew principle. It
is said it will be so situate as to be completely sur-
rounded by water at certain times of the tide, and,
will be of a most formidably defensive character.
These works, it is understood, will be commenced
at an early period. Haying inspected this imPor-

Alen delssohn's Letters from _ltaly and Switzerland.
Translated from the German by Lady Wallace.
Longman and Co.
That Mendelssohn ranks among the greatest
musicians has long been admitted, indeed nowhere
was his genius more speedily or more cordially
.re-
cognised than in England ; still, few, we imagine,
are at all aware of his power with the pen. Not
that he was by any means what is termed a literary
man, he simply possessed in a very high degree the
faculty which, according to Goethe, all educated
persons should have, namely, of expressing clearly,
vividly, and agreeably their thoughts, feelings, and
impressions. But he was also, in the broadest sense
of the term, an artist. By this we do not mean one
who has a special gift merely ; often little better
than an instinct —but one who can ft
prebend the universal harmonies of xe ~ure,—who
possesses judgment as well as imagination, and can
both discriminate and produce. Endowed with- a
marvellously perfect organisation, the world was to
him full of beauty—an unending joy. His sense
of colour seems to have been but little inferior to
that of sound. Had he not been pre-eminent as a
musician he would have excelled as a painter.
Whilst them is such n_eztr.rentof sweet tender feel-
ling running through his letters, the humour is su
playful, the irony so polished, the refinement so
complete; there is such utter freedom from envy
or malignity, such thorough sympathy with all that
is great and noble, such clear. buoyant freshness of
thought, such perfect enjoyment of existence, that we
feel refreshed as by a country ramble in the leafy
month of June, with the lark singing shrill in
the blue heavens above, the cool, mossy sward soft
beneath our feet, and the balmy south wind, laden
with health, delighting and soothing our senses.
Thesiletters were, indeed, written when he was in
the freshness of youth—he was but twenty-one
—and they have consequently all the elastic vigour
whichfirst impressions give. Not that Mendelssohn
would ever, in the ordinary sense, have grown old.
No truly poetic nature ever does. But there is still
something in the first sight of a grand mountain or
a glorious picture which powerfully stimulates the
faculties, and gives to recorded impressions the
charm of enthusiasm—the charm, in fact, which
underlies this work. Through it we see nature and
art in their most delightful aspects. We throw off,
as we read, the trammels of fashion and convention.
The heart expands, we brush the cobwebs from our
brain, and feel somewhat of the golden time steal
back to us when all great things seemed possible.
And what great things Mendelssohn did in his
short life ! Resembling Raphael in fertility, pre-
cocity, and sweetness of nature, if not quite his
equal in genius, he also died in the flower of his
age, leaving no peer. What operas might he not
have given us had he lived ! What oratorios have
we not lost by his death ! It was chiefly to mem-
bers of his family these letters were written, and
the first, dated from Weimar, contains a very in-
teresting account of Goethe, with whom he seems to
have been on the most affectionate terms. Very
pleasant it is to see this converse of the old poet
and the young musician, and very remarkable
is Goethe's desire, at his advanced age,
to learn all he could from his friend.
"In the forenoon," says Mendelssohn, "he
likes me to play to him the compositions of the
various great masters, in chronological order, for
an hour, and also tell him the progress they have
made, while he sits in a dark corner, like a Jupiter
Tonans, his old eyes flashing on. me." With Men-
delssohn Goethe evidently felt at ease. His age
and fame prevented antagonism or rivalry. Not so
with that greater and sterner genius Beethoven,
with whom the courtly poet never fraternised, and
for hose compositioni he affccted not to care. But
we must haeten. to Mendelssohn's Italian tour, the
first city he arrived at being Venice, of which, and
Titian, he thus speaks :
CE AND TITIAN.
And so lam actually in Venice 1 Well ; to-day I have
seen'the finest pictures in the world, and have at last per-
sonally made the acquaintance of a very admirable man,
whom hitherto I only knew by name—l allude to a certain
Signor Giorgione, an inimitable artist—and also to Porde-
none, who paints the most noble portraits, both of himself
and many of his simple scholars, in such a devout, faithful,
and pious spirit, that you seem to converse with him, and
to feel an affection for him. Who would not have been con-
fused by all this ? But if lam to speak of Titian, I must
do so in a more reverent mood. Till now, I never knew
that he was the felicitous artist I have this day seen him to
be. That he thoroughly enjoyed life, in all its beauty and
fulness, the picture in Faris proves; but he has fathomed
the depths of human sorrow, as well as the joys of heaven.
Ms glorious " Entombment," and also the "Assumption,"
fully evince this. Eow Mary floats on the cloud, while a
waving movement seems to pervade the whole picture;
how you see at a glance her very breathing, her awe, and
piety, and in short a thousand feelings—all words seem
poor and commonplace in comparison! The three angels,
too, on the right of the picture, are of the highest order of
beauty—pure, serene loveliness, so unconscious, so bright,
and so seraphic. But no more of this, or I must perforce
become poetical, or indeed am so already, and this does not
at all suit me; but I shall certainly see it every day.
I must, however, say a few words about the" Entomb-
ment," as you have the engraving. Look at it, and think
of me. This picture represents the:conclusion of a great
tragedy : so still, so grand, and so acutely painful. Mag-
dalene is supporting Mary, fearing that she will die of an-
guish ; she endeavours to lead her away, but looks round
herself once more, evidently wishing to imprint this spec-
tacle indelibly on her heart, thinking that it is for the last
time; it surpasses everything; and then the sorrowtng
John, who sympathises and suffers with Mary, ani Joseph,
who absorbed in his piety, and occupied with the tomb,
directs and conducts the whole ; and Christ himself, lying
there so tranquil, having endured to the end : then the blaze
of brilliant colour, and the gloomy mottled sky. It is a
composition that speaks to my heart and fills me with en-
thusiasm, and will never leave my memory.
I believe few things I have yet to see in Italy will affect
me so deeply ; but you know that I am devoid of all pre-
judices, and I give you a fresh proof of this by telling you
that the Martyrdom of St. Peter, from which I expected
the most, pleased me the least of the three ; it did not strike
me as being a complete whole.; the landscape, which is very
fine, seemed to me to predominate too much. Then I was
dissatisfied with the disposition in the picture of two vic-
tims and only one murderer; (for the small figure in the
distant background does not remedy this)). I
I could not
bring myself to consider it'a martyrdom. at probably
am in error, and I intend to study it more carefully to-
morrow—my contemplation of it, besides, was disturbed by
some one strumming most sacrilegiously on the organ, and
these sacred forms were forced to listen to such miserable
opera finales. But this matters not; where such pictures
are. I require no organist. I play the organ in my thoughts
for myself, and feel as little irritated by such trash, as I
should be by an ignorant rabble. Titian, however, was a
man well adapted to improve others; so I shall try to profit
by him, and to rejoice that lam in Italy. At this moment
the gondoliers are shouting to each other, and the lights
are reflected in the depths of the waters; one is playing a
guitar, and singing to it. It is a charming night.
Farewell! and think of me in every happy hour, as I do of
you.
From Venice he proceeded to Florence, and thence
after a brief stay, to Rome. With this city he was
delighted, but gives this opinion of
MODERN ITALIAN TASTE.
The Pope is dead, and the Conclave assembles on the
14th, A great part of the winter will bo occupied with the
ceremonies of his funeral, and the enthronement of the new
Pope. All music therefore and large parties must be at an
end, so I very much doubt whether I shall be able to un-
dertake any public performance daring my stay here ; but
I do not regret this, for there are so many varied objects to
enjoy inwardly, that my dwelling on these and meditating
on them is no disadvantage. The performance of Graun's
" Passion" in Naples, and more especially the translation
from Sebastian Bach, prove that the good cause is sure
eventually to make its way, though it will neither kindle
enthusiasm, nor will it be appreciated. It is no worse how-
ever with regard to music—in fact, rather better—than with
their estimate of every other branch of the fine arts; for
when some of Raphael's Loggie are with inconceivable
recklessness and disgraceful barbarism actually deface4l9 of
.
give place to inscriptions in pencil; when the lof.eanler
the arabesques are totally destroyed, because I
inscribe their
r with rt
knives, and Heaven knows what else besides, aiated in
insignificant names there ; when one Prranrit,,Pt;,, when
an a
largoltar letthasers übeen nder tore cted he Apollin fo Brontelvedof ere,
M! chael Angelo's
* 9the centre of the
" Last Judgment," so large that it hid et
,1,. et; when cattle are
picture, thus destroying the whole enec
f the Villa Madame.
driven through the splendid sakous o•
R an( ,d,.
the walls of which are paint
• ed by Giulio omano, • I f
der is stored in them, 'ouch worse than a bad
simply firern indifference towards the
beautiful—all this is certa,in
byL
orchestra, and painters t!t L, even more distressed
such things than" am by eir miserable music.te are mentally me tied The fact is, that the p
Per:delete but 1117 do va anu
apathetic. They 1" a not believe
_l' a a rid Governm. hut tn,,y turn
tinb
ei,ta n1)111.1,11 tse eti•aritheroic
(1,, not v,due it. t tints that
past, but they
ht in art, for they are 'arm
indifferent to all
they du not deli
that is earnest. delight
is really quite revolting to see their un-
concern about the death of ..he po,e,
the and their unseemly
merriment duringth ceremonies. I myself saw the corpse
bring in state, and the priests standing round incessantly
whispering and laughing; and at this moment, when
masses are being said for his soul, they are in the very
same church hammering away at the scaffolding of the
catafalque, so that the strokes of the hammers and the noise
of the workpeaple entirely prevent any ono hearing the re»
ligious services. As soon as the cardinals assemble in con-
clave, satires appear against them, where, for instance,
they parody the Litanies, and instead of praying to be de-
livered from each particular sin, they name the bad quali-
ties of each Well-known cardinal; or again, they perform an

-saa- -na N\l,7a
atepT, c 4; ,
\c,lo *:Z
entire opera, whore all the characters * Tietr A 47
being the prime amoroso, another the ti a
third, stage candle-snuffer,' etc. This con M. 141
where the people took any pleasure iu a ?:. itrnellteniaiic 5;2
was no better, but they had faith then; and it mMis •"'
makes the difference. Nature, however, stiad e.:p
December atmosphere, and the outlines of the ills,
stretching as far as the sea, all remain unchai Ted. There
they can scribble no names, or compose no
These every one can still individually enjoy in all their
freshness, and to these I cling. I feel much the' want of a
friend here, to whom I could freely unbosom any sell; who
could read my music as I write it, thus makini; it d,Jubly
precious in my eyes ; in whose society I could i eei an in-
terest, and enjoy repose ; and honestly learn from Wm (it
would not require a very wise man for this purpose). Put
just as trees are not ordained to grow up into the sky , so,
probably such a man is not likely to be found here ; awl tipo
good fortune I have hitherto so richly enjoyed elsewhere, is
not to fall to my share at present; so I must hum over my
melodies to myself, and I dare say I shell do well enoug!J>.
Of their skill in music he had the lo west esticsa',-s,
" The orchestras "he says, "are worse than any -
could believe; both musicians, and a rig•btro :oeitnilinin6
for music, are wanting. The two or thr violin
performers play just as they choose, and
when they please; the wind instruments are .tuned
either too high or too low; and they execrate
flourishes like those we are accustomed to hoar in
farm-yards, but hardly so h-oed ; in short, the whole
forms a Dutch concert, and th,',s applies even to 'lora-
positions with which they am familiar." This
judgment may seem harsh to those who, nertr•
having visited Italy, adopt the comnion notion 0.."
the universality of musical proficiency there, but
we can state from our own experience , that it. is
literally true. Never did we hear so little good or
SO much bad music as during our residence there,
whit the Axecution was often beneath contempt-
True, the performance during the Holy Week
is peculiar, and in a sense impaecisive,
but an Exeter Hall oratorio is in every
respect far superior, whilst we doubt if am'
orchestra in Italy could read, much less play,
one of Beethoven's Symphonies. Inaleed, in no city
in the world is so much fine music, of all styles, to
be found as in London; and this Mend, lssohn vir-
tually admits. Writing frem Naples, hts says
" The theatre is now closed for some weeks; b„.,,use
the blood of St. Januarius ie shortly to liquify.
What I heard at the Opera previously did not reps;;
the trouble of gain„cs. The orchestra, like that (z;"
Rome, was worse than in any part of Germany,
and not even one tolerable female singer.Tam-
burtui alone, with his vigorous bass voice, imparted
some life to the whole. Those who wish to hear
Italian Operas, must nowadays go to-Paris or Lon-
don. Heaven grant that this may not eventually
be the case with German music also!" Again,
writing from Milan, "It is evident that if I wish to
hear Italian music, I must go to Paris, or to Eng-
land." Returning from Italy, he passed through
Switzerland, and made a short stay in Paris.
Then, coming to this country, he writes thus from
London :
I cannot describe to you the happiness of these fin-4t weeks;
here. As from time to time every evil seems to acemaulate,
as it did during my winter in Paris, where I lost sonie of
my most beloved friends, and never felt at home, and at
last became very ill ; so the reverse sometimes occurs, and
thus it is in this charming country, where I am once more•
amongst friends, and am well, and among well-wishers, and
enjoy in the fullest measure the sensation of returning
health. Moreover it is warm, the lilacs arc in bloom, awl
music is going on : only imagine how pleasant all this is !
I must really describe one happy morning last week : of
all the flattering demonstrations I have hitherto received,
it is the one which has most touched and affected me, aad.
perhaps the only one which I shall always recall with fresh
pleasure. There was a rehearsal last Saturday at the Phil-
harmonic, whore however nothing of mine were given, my-
overture not being yet written out. After " Beethoven's
Pastoral Symphony," during which I was in a box, I
wished to go into the room to talk to some old friends;
scarcely, however, had I gone down below, when one of the
orchestra called out, " There is Mendelssohn 1" on which
they all began shouting, and clapping their hands to such
a degree, that for a time I really did not know what to d);
hanimd wrheonntwhhisienhatehoevsearar,loedmmouetnc'e'dl,,Vaehledoml
was
him
obliged to cross the room, clamber into the orchestra,
and return thanks. e anothernu pd t
oo e
lerlc
Never can I forget it, for it was more precious toc me
than any distinction, as it showed _me that the musi,rians
loved me, and rejoiced at my coming, and I cannot tell you
what a glad feeling this was.
As may be imagined, musical criticism occupies no
inconsiderable place in the volume, and his analysis
of the performance during the Holy Week is pecu-
liarly valuable ; whilst his estimate of certain
popular modern composers, though it may be con-
sidered severe, is true. Upon the other charac-
teristics of the letters—the admirable remarks on
pictures, the vivid descriptions of manners and
scenery, the good sense and amiable feeling with
which they abound—we might say much, but space
fails us; and we can only recommend all who care
for art or nature to read the volume, the translation
of which by Lady Wallace reflects the highest
credit on her taste and ability.

PR ESERV,I7IO V OF LIFE FROU

SHIPWRECK.

Yesterday a meeting of the Royal National Lifi-:-
boat Institution was held at its house, 14, John-
street, Adelphi—Thomas Chapman, Esq., F.A.S.,
V.P., in the chair. There were also present, Sir
Charles Rowley, Bart., Admiral Cater, Sir Edward
Perrott, Bart., Captain Egerton, RN., John Grif-
fith, Esq., Admiral 311-lardy, Colonel Palmer, Cap-
tain De St. Croix, Admiral Bullock, A. Boetefeur,
Esq., Captain Ward, R.N., inspector of life-boats to
the society, and Mr. C. H. Cooke, the institution',
honorary architect. .
The Secretary read the minutes of the meeting.
A reward of £l3 *was voted to the crew of the
life-boat of the institution stationed at Palling,
Norfolk, for going off in the night and rescuing
eight men from the brig lane, of North Shields,
which, during a strong gale of wind, had struck off
Palling on the bth ult. The vessel was ultimately
brought to a port of safety.
A reward of £ll was also voted to the crew of
the Teignmouth life-boat, belonging to the insti-
tution, for putting off in the night and bringing to
port the sloop Elizabeth, of Teignmouth, and her
crew of three men, which, during a gale of wind
and heavy sea, had become disabled on the sth ult.
The Itedear life-boat of the society had likewise
recently succeeded in bringing a derelict vessel
safely into harbour.
Rewards amounting to £36 were paid to the
crews of the institution's lifeboats stationed at
Whitby, Rye, Camber, Yarmouth, Caister, Walmer,
and Dundalk for either assembling or putting off
with the view of rendering assistance to vessels
which had signals of distress flying, but which did
not afterwards require the services of the boats.
A reward of £9 was voted to the crew of a Pake-
field yawl for going off and rescuing, at consider-
able risk of life, six out of eight of the crew of the
brig Adonis, of Colehester, which, during a gale of
wind, had been wrecked on the Newsome Sands on:
the 6th ult. The poor mon had taken to the rigging,
and the captain, while trying to save his wife, was
unfortunately washed overboard with her in the
course of that fearful night.
A reward of £6 was also voted to a boat's crew of
six men for going off and saving, at great risk of
life, four men from the schooner Elizabeth, of Aber-
deen, which, in stormy and thick weather, had
stranded near Speymouth, on the Banffshire coast,
on the 18th February.
A reward of £1 was also voted to a boat's ere --7
of two men for rescuing, at some risk of life, two
men from a eoble which had sunk during a sudden
squall of wind near Scarborough. The two men,
w .
who were unable to swim, had fortunately managed
to keep on the boat, although she was completely
under water.
A reward of £4 was also voted to a boats crew of
able risk of life, three men from the
four men for putting off and saving,
astloocponCsiedreers-,
of Watchet, which, during ..
aharinlegof wind, had
foundered off that place, she been in colli-
sion t wwiaths
raenpoot
rhtee rd
el.
It institution was about
sending to the International Exhibition a model
of its lifeboat and transporting carriage, and vari-
ous other articles for saving life from shipwreck.
A very large wreck chart of the British Isles for
the
past year would also be exhibited there by the
society.

During the past month the institution had sent
a new lifeboat and a transporting carriage to
Dundee. The cost (.000) of the same had been
collected by Mrs. Hartley, of Bideford. Another
lifeboat was ready to be sent to Kingstown, the
expense of which had also been collecte3 by Miss
S. 11. Bettie Cator. The institution decided en
forming a life-boat station at Port Leven, near the
Lizard Alr. Robart es., M. P., haying again
generously promised to contribute £l5O towards
the expense of the same. It was reported that a
friend of the society had sent £2OO. Captain
Ward, R.N., inspector of life-boats to the institu-
tion; gave a satisfactory account of the 25 life -boats
which the society had on the west coast, each of
which he had recently inspected. Payments
amounting to £760 having been made on various
terminated.
life-boat establi
shments, the proceedings

111 4 1,44,
14:4•0
, •k•
,
-
_
„•111.3 r; • • 'FbROIr
-1 4,