The Sun.
London, England, 1865-11-30 00:00:00

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Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,

AG N E S. By AIRs. OLIPIIANT.
Author of " The Life of Edward Irving'," &e.

defend the country, and sent infantry and artillery
to the port of Valparaiso before it was aware in what
terms the Spanish Admiral would couch the de-
mands of his Government. You will understand
o hy
haenCltioiefacotf
in conformity with his instructions after having
failed with his note of Sept. 17.
ps o el) ne tni art oottthnedroctotrurPsele."nrai
ourno w
squadron that n "
These sterile negotiations had lasted for 16
months, and had exhausted the discussion. The dig-
; nity of Spain was trampled under foot, and all the
means employed up to that date had been ineffec-
tual. They had resulted only in an arrangement so
humiliating to us that the Chilian Government it-
self, doubting its acceptance, had appealed in its
support to the influence which regard and conside-
ration for allied and friendly Governments might '
exercise upon 11,er Majesty.
" This was in vain. The Powers to which Chili
alluded took no steps in her favour, thinking, no
doubt, that a cause which had recourse "to such
means of defence could not be very just. -
" As I have already said, the Ministry of the Re-
public replied to Admiral Pareja's note of the 17th
upon the 21st, and the attentive perusal of that answer
didfo r not
treating give himwit h theho diplomatic
Republic.
will prove to you its irrevocable resolution not to
give any kind of satisfaction to our just claims. It
stated that the full powers with which Admiral
Pleitariadreiajdactn
werewe investedoratsgi
vethe grounds upon which these con-
clusions
necessary
based,
might not be considered an evasive answer and a
means to gain time, Senor Covarrubias affirmed
that this circumstance relieved him from the neces-
sity of making any reply. He said previously that
' he desired to arrive as early as possible at a result
which would definitively clear up the situation'—
words which, under such important circumstances,
. could have no other interpretation than the wish of
bringing about a complete rupture and war.
" Senor Covarrubias does not abandon his eva-
sive replies -"and The Ansults
offered by the mob to the Spanish flag at the-house
of the Legation cannot, he says, have offended the
Spanish Government. When such insults arc
offered to the flag of a nation which respects itself,
no further relations , are possible between the
offender and .the offended party. Senor Tavira,
neverthelesS, did continue his relations with Chili,
and did not for an instant abandon' he territory of
the Republic. ..Her Majesty the, Queen still con-
tinued to keep the President ,acanainted with the
events, both happy and unfortunate, which took
place in the royal family. - This --was an evident
proof that no offence had been-:given,-for if there
had been it could not have been borne, and Chili
would not have received these marks of considera-
tion and esteem.

•
Agnes ' is a novel superior to any of Mrs. Oliphant's
former works."—Atlienieuni.

" Agnes has that stamp of tir4t -rale power which no one
can mistake. It is a narrative of deep interest "—Reader.
Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

" Thus the patience, the moderation, the long suf-
fering of which Spain has given proofs in' these 16
months' negociations by not having recourse to
extreme measures and breaking off her relations
with Chili, are the reasons put forward for refusing
us an honourable satisfaction, and for denying up to
the present. time the existence of offence.

"The Chilian Government rejecting all arrange-
ment,- Admiral Pareja replied upon the evening of
the 2ld• day of September that, in presence of
the refusal of the Republic to accede to his demands,
he should be compelled to break off diplomatic rela-
tions and .to have recourse to force if he was not
satisfied‘by'fi o'clock on the morning of the 24th.
"In the evening• of the 23d 'Senor Covarrubias
replied by persisting iu his refusal, and announcing
that the slightest act of hostility against the republic
W onld bring about war between Chili and Spain.
_As' it would have been useless at that time to engage
in hostilities, Admiral Pareja contented himself with
proclaimini; the blockade and the rupture of diplo-
inatie relations-L-measures which might be consi-
dered as the commencement of hostilities, but for
which precedents are. not wanting in -Europe and
America tending to an altogether diffei•ent conclu-
sion: It is certain, however, that the congress and
the. Chilian government repliedto the blockade by
4 declaration of war .against Spain, and a series of
steps intended to give effectc' to that declaration.
• "I should allUde here to some observations of the
fereign press upon Admiral Pareja's.refusal to accept
the jmediation of the diplomatic body resident at
Valparaiso, - .Nothing could be more unjust than to
make this a matter of reproach to the Spanish ad-
miral. The diplomatic body neither offered Admiral
Pareja an official mediation nor a semi-official in-
tervention. It contented itself, while lamenting-the
ruptiire imminent between the twD countries, with
reminding the _Spanish commander . that, by the
termsof his full powere,a.was incumbent upon:hini
..to,reopell • 016 negotiations. This communication
--"dfttM the-22d,- a per.i4ast wit ich Adihiral P-areja
had already received the reply, dated the 21st, to his
note of the 17th—a reply in which the Chilian go-
vernment refused every kind of reparation. In pre-
sence of this definitive refusal and of the silence of
the diplomatic body upon the intentions of Chili,
the Spanish commander neither ought to nor could
have departed from his instructions, and have ex-
posed himself anew to be repulsed by a government
so intractable and so bent upon refusing all satis-
faction as that of Chili.

" This not the place to enter into an examination
of the line of conduct which, under these circum-
stances, the diplomatic body residing in Chili
thought it its duty to pursue ; but I cannot, for my
part, avoid feeling convinced that if, after the 12th
of September, when the disapproval of the arrange-
ment agreed to by Senor Tavira and the near arrival
of the Spanish squadron were known at Santiago,
or if, after the 17th, when Admiral Pareja for-
warded his note, up to the 21st, when the Chilian
Government replied in peremptory terms, refusing
every satisfactory explanation, the Diplomatic Body
had employed with the said Government all the
influence and prestige of its high position to cause
it to listen to the voice of reason and make it under-
stand the advisability of not pushing matters to the
extremity of a rupture, it is probable, or at least
possible, that the reply of September 21 would
neither have been so conclusive nor so hostile, and
that it would have left open the door for the realisa-
tion of the desire the foreign Diplomatic Body only
thought it its duty to manifest to the Commandant
of the squadron twenty-four hours after the resolu-
tion of the Chilian Government.

" I believe these explanations will conclusively
suffice to prove the moderation with which we have
proceeded in the course of these negotiations, and
the incidents to which the conduct of Chili has
given rise—conduct based upon or unjust
prejudices, the cause of which we are unable to ex-
plain in the case of a nation with which we have
always endeavoured to maintain relations of the
sincerest and most cordial friendship.
" These explanationa_will show you that, although
matters have come to the lamentable state in which
they now are, it has been contkary to the wish and
entirely in spite of the Government of the Queen.
The Cabinet of Madrid cannot be accused of having
failed to use the most complete frankness. When,
after disapproving the conduct of Senor Tavira, it
conferred powers upon Admiral Pareja, it hastened
to bring the circumstance to, the knowledge of the
Government to which your xcellency is accredited
in the circular I addressed to the agents of Spain
abroad upon the 7th of August, and which you read
to and left a copy of with the Minister for
enjoinedForeigli
Affairs. In that communication it was stated that
the instructions given to Admiral Pareja
him to employ force against Chili if she refused to
All the Governments
togive
w which
fittingh
this
csoant icalfuasci tve ion.
statement was communi-
cated recognised not only our right, but also the
moderation of our demands. Now, unfortunately,
owing to the tenacious obstinacy of the Cabinet of
Santiago, that which we then explicitly announced
has been realised.

" We find ourselves consequently above every
charge of precipitation in our manner of proceeding ;
we are exempt from all accusation of want of frank-
ness and sincerity ; and we are lastly free from all
responsibility as to the eventualities which may
arise from an enmity as unjust as it is inexplicable,
and from an incomprehensible obstinacy:which re-
fuses all agreement and conciliation.
" The Queen's Government now reproduces the
declarations made on the 7th of August ; Spain does
not aspire to insensate conquests nor territorial c-
quisitions in America ; she does not desire to exer-
cise any exclusive or preponderant influence among
the American republics tracing their origin from the
old Spanish monarchy ; she respects their indepen-
dence and self-government, and only desires in ex-
change what she cannot renounce—which is, that
she may receive that respect and consideration mu-
tually
due among civilised nations, and that she
may be treated with the same respect as is observed
towards other foreign nations.
" As regards the Republic of Chili particularly,
we do not entertain against that State any sort of
hostile or unfavourable prejudice ; and as her Ma-
jesty's Government is resolved not to permit that
their dignity, causelcssly and gratuitously affronted,
should remain without the just reparation to which
they are entitled, so are they ready, when tho ob-
ject is attained, to renew their former friendly
relations and consign to oblivion the differences that
now separate the two nations.
64 Your Excellency is authorised to read this

91<--;/1

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„ God preserve your Excellency many- years.
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\"' o"'•*9 DIE • , of, ORO :ILL

Fatal Accident on t. Vale of Neath
lailw •
At Swansea yesterday mormnian aaideti oc-
curred on the Vale of Neath Railway of a some-
what remarkable character, by which the lives of
two persons have been sacrificed. Within a short
distance of the terminus of the railway at Swansea
a telescope bridge spans the North Dock for the
running of trains on the above line, and also allow-
ing an opening in the bridge for the ingress and
egress of the shipping. Yesterday morning, about
six o'clock, this bridge was, from some cause yet
unexplained, left open, and a train of 23 coal
trucks, engine, and tender, were precipitated into
the float, burying in the ruins the driver and
stoker, who, when our account left, were buried in
the float under the broken carriages. The guard of
the train saw the threatened danger and applied the
breaks, but, finding that the accident was inevitable,
he jumped off and saved his life. The bridge was
recently built by- the firm of Sir Win. Armstrong.