The Sun.
London, England, 1865-03-01 00:00:00

The Great Jewel Robberies.

At three o'clock Thomas Brewerton and Louisa Brewer-
ton, William Henry Jeffrey and Martha Jeffrey, Thomas
Casely and Ann Casely, James Hurley and Ellen Hurley,
David Roberts, and William Brown, aliai " Scotty," were
brought before the Lord Mayor, at the Justice-room of the
Mansion-house, charged with being concerned in the
recent robberies of jewellery at the shops of Mr. Walker,
in Cornhill, and of Mr. Johnson, in Threadneedle-street.

The dock was not large enough to admit all the ten, and
the four women were allowed to sit in front of it

during the proceedings. The prisoners examined at
Bow-street had been brought in a prison van from

the police-station there under a strong escort of the
Metropolitan and City police. To prevent the possibility
of escape, or any attempt at escape, five of the male pri-
soners being desperate and determined men, the van was
backed close against the little low archway by which pri-

soners are admitted to the police cells connected with the

Justice-room, and a similar precaution was observed on their
being conveyed to Newgate in the evening. A great crowd
had collected about the Mansion-house, both to see them

arrive and depart, and much excitement prevailed both

outside and inside the court. Alderman Sir R. Carden,

Colonel Fraser, Commissioner of City Police, Mr. Nelson
the city solicitor, Mr. George Moore, of Cheapside, and Mr.,

Payne, the Assistant Judge at the Middlesex Sessions,were
present, among others, during the examination.
Mr. Lewis, jun., solicitor, conducted the examination on
behalf of the prosecutors ; Mr. Beard defended some, if not
all, of the prisoners ; and Mr. Mullins attended to watch
the proceedings on behalf of Messrs. Baum, Sons, and Co.,
money changers and bullion dealers, in Lombard-street, on

whose premises it may be remembered a burglary was com-
mitted a few months ago, and money, securities for money,
and jewellery, of the value in all of about £5,000, stolen.
Mr. Lewis prefaced the examination of witnesses by a short
explanatory statement of the circumstances that had come
to the knowledge of the police, and ee they appeared to
affect the Talious prisoners. He referred in particular to the
arrest of six of the prisoners on Friday afternoon, and to
watches and jewellery of the value of about £1,400, all of
which had been identified by Mr. Walker as having, with
other costly articles, been stolen from his premises between
the 4th and 6th of February, having been found at their
lodgings, together with a considerable sum of money in gold
and Bank-notes. About £lOO worth of the stolen property

had also been traced to the possession of the prisoner Roberts,
and six valuable watches, all of which had been identified
as belonging to Mr. Walker, had been recovered from the
bottom of the Thames, near Blackfriars-bridge, within the
last day or two by the exertion of a diver, who was still en=

gaged in the search for more of the stolen jewellery. lie
also appeared to prosecute some of the prisoners for being
concerned in a robbery of watches and jewellery of the value
of about £4,000, at the shop of Mr. Johnson, in Thread--
needle-street, in July last, committed under circumstances
somewhat similar to those attending the robbery in Corn,
hill, but more daring in its character, if possible. The evi-
dence, he said, would show that the same persons were im-

plicated, more or less, in both, and likewise in other rob-
beries, of silk principally, in different parts of the city.
The evidence taken at the justice-room, when the pri-
soner Roberts was first examined there and remanded) was
then read over by Mr. Oke, the chief clerk, and made part
of the general case against all the prisoners. It was re-
ported in detail at the time, and was to the effect that Ro-
berts was arrested by two of the city detective officers, at a
working jeweller's shop in Wilderness-row, St. Luke's,
while in the act of trying to dispose of two of the watches
stolen from Mr. Walker's shop, and of the value together
of about £lOO, a few nights after the robbery.
Thomas Ambrose Potter, Inspector of the G division, was
called. He said—On Friday last between 2 and 3in the
afternoon, I went to the shop, 142, Whitechapel-road, ac-
companied by Sergeant Moss, of the city detective force,
Inspector Brennan, of the F division, and other police offi-
cers. It has recently been fitted up as a pie shop. After
posting officers at the front and back of the house, I entered
with Sergeant Moss, and saw the prisoners Jeffrey (the man)
whom I had known by the name of Barrett, and who was
very roughly dressed, awoman with whom he was living and
whom I have mostly known by the name of Parker, though
she has at times gone by many others, and the prisoner
Thos. Brewerton and his wife. I said, addressing the two
men, " Ned and Billy, you must consider yourselves in cus-
tody with the women for being concerned in numerous
burglaries in the city and the Strand, taken Jeffrey by the
collar. Moss at the same moment seized Brewerton, and a
struggle took place. While it was going on I saw something
pass from Jeffrey to Mrs. Brewerton, upon which both the
woman, Jeffrey and Brewerton, turned round and ran up
stairs. At that moment Ranger, an officer, and Inspector
Brennan entered with a constable in uniform from the rear
of the house,-and two of them having taken charge of the
men Jeffrey and Brewerton, I followed the two women up
stairs, followed by Moss and Brennan. Before reaching the
top of the stairs I saw one of the woman run into a bedroom
and the other turn into another room. I said, addressing
the woman Brewerton, " Open the door immediately." It
was not opened, and I burst it in. I then saw her stuff-
ing something into her pocket. I ran across the room and
caught her by the arm, saying, "What have you got there?''
She said, "Nothing," and seized me by my whiskers. Moss
and a constable in uniform came up and held her hands
upon which I took from her.pocket four paper parcels con-
taining gold chains, and a purse containing gold and parts
of gold chains which had been broken. I handed her over
to an officer of the K division, and we took all four pri-
soners to the Leman-street police-station, with a number of
skeleton keys, a jemmy, a life preserver, and other house-
breaking implements which we had found on the premises,
leaving Ranger and other officers in charge of the house.
We found the house had been newly furnished, and I had
seen some of the furniture taken into it a few days before,
After seeing the prisoners safely lodged at the police-sta-
tion I went with Moss and Brennan to 13, Ely-terrace,
Friendly-place, Bow-road. We knocked at the door, upon
which the woman Casely, whom I knew as Thomas, looked
out from the first floor window and asked, "Who are you,
and what are you ?" I said, "Police officers. Open the door."
Waiting half a second and the door not being opened, I
burst it in. On going upstairs I saw the woman Casely run
out of a room at the back of the house, followed by Sergeant
Moss. I said "Stop!" but she went into a room in front,
where I found the man Casely. I asked Moss to take charge
of the room. At that moment Inspector Brennan came up,
took charge of the two Caselys in the front room,and I and
Moss searched the back room. There we found a small deal
box,' locked, and Moss took a pair of tongs and broke it
open. On lifting the lid we found 52 gold watches, a num-
ber of gold chains, Alberts and ladies' neckchains, about
£240 odd in gold, a £5O bank-note, and other valuables. On
a further search we found a second box, unlocked, two pieces
of black silk, which have since been identified by Mr. Ben-
noch, Wood-street, and a new Paisley shawl which had been
stolen from a warehouse in the city. On the bed I found a
life-preserver, and I saw a number of housebreaking im-
plements found in the room by other officers, all of which
we took charge of. In a snuffbox I found several gold
lockets, and two receipts for money paid into the London
and Westminster Bank, one being for £250, dated January
23 last, and the other for £l5O, dated the 30th of the same
month. On last Monday I went with Moss to Hawick in
Scotland and there saw a person named Gideon Murray,
otherwise Miller, a brother-in-law of the prisoner "Bcotty."
From him I took a cheque book and a 'pass book of the
Royal Bank of Scotland. In the pase book there is an entry
of £55 paid into that bank on the 14th of January last. On
searching the house Moss found two shawls also the pro=
duce of burglaries. Moss received from him a gold breech,
a pin, and a ring, part of the property stolen from Mr.
Johnson, of Threadneedle-street. We brought Murray to
London and- he is now here to;-day, but not iii elistlid*.
[Mr. Lewis---4 am gOitig tad cQll flint azi a witness.] Last
Saturday Week %se, Brennan, Ranger, and I apprehended
Hurley, with two other men, who are not present, at Cam-
bridge-heath-road, and charged all three with having com-
mitted a tea robbery inThamee-street:;There not being gal.
cient evidence against the two other hen, they were libe-
rated. I charged Hurley With being concerned in the rob-
bery at the shop of Mr. Johnson in July last, having, I
said, traced some of the jewellery to his possession, but did
not say what. He made no reply. Yesterday week Mrs.
Hurley was outside the police-court at Bow-street, and was
apprehended by Sergeant Moss by my directions. I then
charged her With having been concerned with her husband
and others in custody and not in custody in Mr. Solinson'e
robbery, at the same time showing her some jewellery
which I held in m. hand—namely, two gold brooches and
a pait ef gold earrings. She looked at them, and said,
" Yes." I asked where she
got them. She said) "
husband will tell you."
The husband was not present at
that time. When I and Sergeant Moss were taking the
male prisoner to the station, the prisoner Casely said,
"What robberies are you going to buff' to me ? I can
p
prove where I was at the time of Johnson's robbery and
the shawl robbery. I was doing time," meaning being in
prison. He said, " The oor
—you have in custody for
the two watches (meaning Roberts) is innocent, so help me
God. I'll tell you all about it if you will allow me to give
evidence," I said
I should make no promise. He said,
.. For Walker's job I am all right."
The prisoner Casely interposing, said " Meaning by that
I was in the house whore the property was found."
Witness—l then said, " Who are the others ?" He
"Billy and Ned," meaning Jeffrey and Brewerton. I
said "Can you throw any light on Mr. Johnson's robbery ?
You can say what you like, but I shall make you no pro-
mise." He mentioned the names of two other persons.
With reference to Mr. Johnson's robbery, he said Billy,
"Scotty," and Jemmy Hurley had done that "bit.
By Mr. Beard—On searching Bre werton's premises a
marriage certificate was found. I know the Brewertons are
11 married. The Jeffreys are not married. Brewerton was
present when something was passed to her. The place was
being fitted up as a pie-shop, and a great many implements
were found at the rear of the house. .I do not think the
Caselys are man and wife. Half a minute, not more, had
elapsed before I broke in the door. She had had time to
come down and open it before I broke it in. The house has

been furnished with new furniture. I apprehended Hurley
last Saturday week and the others last Friday. I had not
in the meantime received any information from Hurley.
The prisoner Casely—l was not aware at that time that
Hurley was captured. I say for my wife that she was only
in her right place when we were apprehended.

Witness said Casely's wife had been a thief for years. He
added that he found in the house in the Whitechapel-road
the transfer of a lease to Brewerton and Jeffrey, the consi-
deration money for which being £260, and Mr. Beard, who
was there defending them, being the attesting witness. (A
laugh.)

Mr. Beard said he had been engaged in the assignment
of the lease.

The prisoner Hurley said his wife was near her confine-
ment, and he did not wish her to suffer for him. He gave
her the jewellery himself.
Mr. Wm. Johnson—l am a watch manufacturer and
jeweller at 54, Threadneedle-street. On Saturday, the 2d
July last, I left my premises at 3 in the afternoon, and my
assistant to lock them up. It would be his duty, accord-
ing to custom, to put the more valuable parts of the stock in
an iron safe, and to leave the rest in the front window, and
under glass cases on the counter. About half-past 9 on the
Monday morning I went to my shop. I found the outer
door leading into the street was secure, but an inner door
partly of wood and partly of iron, and in a lobby lead-
ing from Hercules-passage into the shop, had been forced.
The upper part of the house is let out by me as offices to
stockbrokers, and I occupy the shop and basement. At that
time nobody slept on the premises. At the back of the shop
there is a door leading to the offices above Hercules-passage,
and inside that door in a sort of lobby was a strong door,
lined with iron, communicating with the shop from behind.
By the latter door we used to leave the shop, and in doing
so we locked it on the outside with two of Hobb's patent
locks, and by a bar secured by a padlock. There are iron
shutters all round the rest of the shop at nights. I found
that the thieves had tried to force the inner door off its
hinges with a crowbar, but had failed. They had then
tried to force the bolts of the locks and failed in that, too,
though they had bent back the bolts until they were nearly
double. They then cut through the solid brickwork on the
lock side of the door and the door jamb, and so forced the
door at length inwards,breaking in pieces; as they did so a

thick mirror with which it was lined on the inner side,
pushing backward a heavy shelf laden ' -with time-pieces,
and breaking also some of the mirror panelling at the back
part of the shop. I found a mass of rubbish and broken
brickwork on the inner side of the door, which had been
caused by the thieves springing the door inwards. The
front bar of my iron safe was broken in two, and I found
a cold chisel, about four inches long, left in a joint of it. It
had been used to spring the safe, but the safe had resisted
all the efforts of the thieves, and all the property in it
remained untouched. But the whole of the costly jewelry
which had been left in the front window and under

the glass cases was gone, except a solitary gold chain,
which I presume they had overlooked. The cost
price of the property stolen was about £4,000. Every
case had been emptied of its contents, and the fireplace was
found to be heaped up with the empty cases. There were
12 perforations in my shop shutters. I recognise as mine

among the jewelry now produced two brooches, a pair
of turquoise earrings, and a black enamel garter brooch
traced to the possession of the prisoner Hurley ; a
locket, a keeper-ring, some heavy wedding-rings, a gold
watch, sleeve-links, studs, and various other things,
traced to that of the prisoner " Scotty."
" Scotty " (or Brown) asked witness if he could say that
he had not sold a particular brooch, which he now identified.
Witness replied that he could, for he had it entered by a
distinctive name in a book as having been stolen.
Gideon Murray—l live at 5, O'Conner-street, Ilawick,
Scotland,and am a weaver. The prisoner Brown (" Scotty ")
is my brother-in-law. I married his sister. His real name
is Thomas Millar. He came down to Hawick in August
last, and stopped at my house. He brought a bag with him.
The day after he came my wife told me, in his presence,
that he had given her a brooch. He said the glass in it
had been broken in coming from the "Jeddart" (Jedburgh)
games. I know the ring produced. It was given to my
wife by the prisoner. She said so in his presence. I looked
at it in his presence, and observed that it was a very nice
one. He said there were three small diamonds in it, but
that they were of very little value. He did not say how he
had got it. He gave the gold pin produced to my wife to
give to me. I told him I never wore such things, and that
it would never be worn by me. In the latter end of De-
cember he came down to Hawick again. As he was having
breakfast with me lie said he would give me a certain sum
of money to bank in my name. I told him that was a thing
I knew nothing about, and that I wanted nothing to do
with it. I asked why he did not do it himself. He said
some recommendation was needed for that. I refused to
have the money deposited in my name, and he never asked
me again. One day when he came to dinner my wife told
me he had placed £55 in the Royal Bank of Scotland, and
I afterwards saw the two books produced. (One was a
banker's pass-book and the other a check-book.) He left
Hawick without saying anything about them, and he gate
my wife £BO to put in a drawer.
Mr. Lewis at this stage applied to have the prisoners re-

manded.
Mr. Beard was understood to urge that the wife of Brew-.
erton might be discharged, on the hypothesis that she had
acted in the matter at the instance and, it might be, on the
pressure of her husband.
Mr. Lewis remarked that she was found with about £550

in her possession.
Inspector Potter added that only a few weeks ago he had
seen her sitting at an oyster stall in Lambeth.
The prisoners were then remanded for a week.

Total Destruction of Saville House,

Leicester-square.

One of the most extensive conflagrations that has
occurred at the West-end of London for a consider-
able time past broke out last evening, about a
quarter before 7 o'clock, and in less than a couple
of hours laid in ruins property roughly estimated at
over £30,000. The premises in which the misfortune
commenced consisted of the well-known Saville-
house, situate on the north side of Leicester-square.
The building has for nearly a century been the pro-
perty of several persons. At one time Miss Lin-
wood's beautiful needlework pictures were exhibited
in the great gallery. At another period of recent
date Mdme. Warton's exhibition of Poses Plastiques
were carried on in the building, but of late the exten-
sive establishment has been occupied by several per-
sons, amongst the number—Mr. Smith, proprietor
of the Royal wine shades and restaurant ; Mr. John
Ward, invalid chair manufacturer ; whilst other
rooms and galleries were used as billiard and exhi-
bition rooms. Adjoining those premises were the
four extensive shops and warehouses belonging to
Messrs. Stagg and Mantle, silk mercers and linen
drapers, and immediately at the rear in Lisle-street
were two coach factories, and next to them were the
wholesale ironmongers' warehouses belonging to Mr,
Addis, whose property formed three houses. A fire
breakingout in such a closely packed neighbourhood,
it is hardly necessary to say, caused the most intense
excitement to prevail, and thousands of persons
flocked to the scene and had it not been for the
timely arrival of immense bodies of police, the engines
could never have reached the front of the premises;
for every part of the square, even the enclosure
where the model of the Great Globe stood, were
densely packed with people--even women could be
seen climbing dyer the iron railidgs, river 0 feethigh,
sd that did Pollee were obliged to Use their Utmost
exertions to get a space clear for the firemen to
pursue their dangerous vocations.
From inquiries made during the raging of the fire
it appears that whilst MdSsi'S. §tagg and Mantles'
warehouses were crowded with purchasers, a loud
noise was heard, which at first led the persons to
imagine that one of the side walls of the silk ware-
houses had fallen. This caused a general rush from
the premises, and upon the parties reaching the
square they found that one of the large gas-burners
in Saville House had exploded, and had blown one
of the windows into the carriage road. Several
parties tried to rush into the place to turn the gas
off, but the vapour evolved in such tremendous
volumes that the flames rolled up the staircase, and
hi a comparatively brief period had taken complete
possession of every portion of the building, includ-
ing the whole of the galleries, bagatelle-rooms, &c.
The scene then became one of fearful grandeur, for
the flames rose several hundred feet into the air,
and myriads of sparks and large pieces of burning
wood were drifted across the square and fell upon
the roof of the Alhambra Palace. To save this splen-
did building men were sent upon the roof with
buckets of water, and they succeeded in preventing
any mischief being done, and the performances were
commenced at the usual hour. At the same time,
however, the fire fell into the back portion of the
shops and warehouses belonging to Messrs. Stagg
and Mantle.
Just as the fire had obtained a strong hold of the

warehouses his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales,
his Grace the Duke of Sutherland, Lord Richard
Grosvenor, M.P., Captain Shaw, the able superin-
tendent of the London Brigade, and Mr. Swanton,
the foreman of the C district, attended with several
manual power engines, and three by Shand, Mason,
and Co. Capt. Hodges's engines " Ocean Wave "
and "Torrent," were soon on the spot, the former
under the command of Capt. Hodges, and the latter
under Lieut. Irving. Fortunately the mains of the

New River Company yielded an abundant supply of
water, from which the firemen at once set their steam
and manual engines to work ; but the brigades had
hardly commenced operations when two of the firemen
named respectively Lilly and Tenfold, in conveying
the hose over the roof, stepped upon a skylight, and
both men were so seriously injured that they were
obliged to be removed to Charing-cross Hospital.
The former has one of his arms and shoulders frac-
tured, and the other is also seriously injured. His
Royal Highness and the noblemen who were present
expressed to Capt. Shaw the sympathy they felt for
poor firemen, and also the loss the various sufferers
had sustained by the disastrous event.
The mains of the New River not having failed for
one moment, the engines were kept at full work un-
til past ten o'clock, when the flames began to dimi-
nish, and no further destruction of property took
place. The damage done, however, is very serious,
and it is not confined to Saviille House, for Messrs.
Stagg and Mantle have some thousand pounds of
property spoiled by the water, and the back ware-
houses and shops are also extensively burned. For-
tunately this firm was insured ; but as the fire did a
great amount of damage to other buildings in Lisle-
street, and also in the square, the exact amount of
property lost cannot at present be correctly stated.
Had it not been for the intrepid exertions of the
firemen, and the judicious directions given to them
by Capt. Shaw, Mr. Swanton, Capt. Hodges, and
Mr. Merewether, the premises of the whole of the
inmates in that part of Lisle-street and the bank
belonging to Messrs. Seale and Low, and Roberts's
rooms ; those of Mrs. Hammond, staymaker ; Mr.
Bickers and Sons, booksellers, would have been
levelled with the ground ; but as it is, only very
slight injury is done to the majority of the last-
named houses of business.

SPIRIT OP THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

TIMES.—When the first humble beginnings were
made of an educational grant to assist the needy
schools of the country, no one could have foreseen
that from that small seed would grow up a great
centralised administration, exercising a larger influ-
ence, practising a more minute interference, having
to deal with more constant solicitations, and, we may

say provoking more irritation and distrust, than
almost any other departnient of the public services
Perhaps if those who established the Committee of

Council on Education could have known what invi

dious powers it -would have to assume, and how diffi-
cult would be the grafting of a system of Gov ernment
support and interference on the voluntary education
of the country, they would have been content to
leave the matter to private enterprise, or corporate

enterprise, or to the efforts of the benevolent. But
the Committee of Council exists, as it is for good or
evil an institution of the country, andthere is nothing
but to make it as efficient for well-doing as possible,

and to restrain it from those various mischiefs to
which " Boards" are so often inclined. A committee

to inquire Into its constitution has been moved for
by Sir J. Pakington, assented to by the Government,
and agreed to by the house: The first object of the
motion is to concentrate the attthoriti, or at any rate
the responsibility, of the committee in one person.
At present the names of the committee read rather
like a list of the trustees of the British Museum, or

the governors of some ancient charity, than 'the
members of a department which has to do serious
work and encounter inevitable fault finding. They
are the Lord President of the Council, the Lord
Privy Seal, the First Lord of the Admiralty, the
First Lord of the Treasury, the Foreign Secretary,
the President of the Poor-law Board, theChanoellor
of the Exchequer, and the Vice-President of the
Committee of Council. Sir J.Pakington thinks that
a business which is to be conducted by so many and
various personages stands a chance of not being per-
formed at all. The answer, which we think suffi-
cient, is that the President of the Council is really
responsible for the proceedings of the Board, and
is, in fact, a Minister of Education for England.
To our mind, the constitution of the Board is a
matter of no very great moment, and it may be that
a more direct organisation would only tempt it to
arrogate to itself powers injurious to the free deve-
lopment of instruction by the efforts of the commu-
nity. The tendency of an official department is
always to impose restrictions and prohibitions, where
it is the true policy to invite co-operation, and this
tendency is developed in the Privy Council in the
rule which refuses aid to any school that is not
taught by a certificated master. In this great
country, full of wealth, with thousands who have
the means and leisure to devote themselves to the
management and support of schools, with an edu-
cated clergy all over the land engaged constantly
in their supervision, it is the rule that no school
shall receive a shilling from Government unless the
master, who has the actual care of the children,
comes up to London and passes an examination
before persons appointed by the Department. By
this rule it may really be said the structure of Eng-
lish society is ignored, the principles of English
activity are contradicted. The voluntary system,
on which education has been hitherto successfully
conducted, depends for its existence on the right of
every man who opens a school to carry it on with
whatever machinery and by whatever persons he
may think proper. The help which those who have
the power will be inclined to give depends on the
liberty they enjoy of regulating the schools after
their own manner, and employing the persons in
whom they have confidence. Now, in the smaller
and poorer parishes of the country the regulation of
the Privy Council must work most detrimentally to
the establishment and maintenance of schools. The
school is almost always dependent on the benevolence
of two or three people, of whom one is generally
the clergyman. The place is too poor for the rest
of its small population to make much addition to
what these persons have contributed. The question,
then, comes whether they are to have a certificated
master. They find that they can obtain a young
man who at the age of 20 or thereabouts went
through a not very difficult or searching examina-
tion, but that they must pay him a comparatively
large salary, with the prospect of his quitting them
as soon as he hears of something better. For some-
thing better he is of course always looking out.
When they consider the matter thoroughly they
come to the conclusion that they cannot afford him,
and indeed do not want him. They have a master
who discharges his duties with efficiency, who has
no desire to leave, and shortcomings on his part are
made up by the supervision of the managers of the
school. The clergyman gives a certain time to it,
the children are well taught, and every one feels
that there is no necessity for any change. Yet,
though this school may be all that any inspector can
desire; though it may be clean and well ordered,
though the children may pass an excellent examina-
tion and be plainly docile and well behaved, it can-
not receive one sixpence of grant, because its mas-
ter is not eeftifidatecl4 Yet this is called payment
for results: It ought to be called payment for in-
sthiments. The results are there and yet because
the iiistitinferit; dr, rather Vine of the instruments,
used to produce thent has riot the Government
mark, aid is refused. Thus the tridney 'voted by
Parliament is not paid to the schools which are the
most successful or the most needy, but to a certain
limited class the managers of which have availed
themselves of the services of this favoured order,
the certificated masters. The extracts read last
night in the House showed how large a portion of
the best schools are excluded from Government
assistance because they are taught by uncertificated
masters. Now it must be admitted by any one who
considers the subject that the Government is not
bound, and indeed has no right, to look at anything
except the state of the school and the success of the
teaching. The certificate of the schoolmaster gained
by passing a commonplace examination cannot be a
better guarantee than the character of most of the
managers of schools, or the profession and Univer-
sity degree of the clergyman of the parish. What
presumption, then, is there that the children
are better taught in the school of a certifi-
cated master than in one where the mastez is
uncertificated, but which has perhaps two or
three able residents who take an abiding interest
in its success and exercise a constant control ? It is
said, however, that if the regulation be abolished
there will be nothing to guide the Government in its
grants but the report of the Inspector, and that it is
impossible to gain a real insight into a school by
merely visiting it. This argument, which ought of
course to lead to nothing less than the entire abo-
lition of Inspectors, is, we think, fallacious. An
Inspector comes and stays three or four hours; he
looks about him and observes, talks with the master
and examines the boys, and if he cannot form a
judgment of the school he must be a very weak per-
son indeed. But those who rely' on this argument
forget that it cuts the ground from under themselves,
for the certificate of the schoolmastei is itself granted
only after an inspection of his school. He must
first pass his examination, and then a school con-
ducted by him must be twice reported as satisfac-
tory before he receives the valued badge. So if in-
spection be valueless for testing the merits of a
school, it is valueless for guaranteeing those of a
schoolmaster, and the whole theory falls to the
ground. The conclusion to which we must come is
that great injustice is done to a number of schools
by the perseverance of the Committee in maintain-

..—.------------'
._.,
ht
ing untenable distincttons. The Public haste rts,
to ask for free trade in teaching as well eve
other profession. This is the interest of the cou:AptrY,
at large, and particularly of those rural Par'''",,-,
which are now bid to unite to the number of nve,u,'"
six and go shares in a certificated master, but wine.'
tinder a better system would be able to teach their.
children in their own way and by the help of their
own educated inhabitants.
HERALD.—The very important subject of the re-
HERALD.—The
li
cruitment of our army, to which we called PM
_attention on several occasions during the re:"
seems at length to have attracted the notice o:141-0,,
,:
liament ; but so far as suggestions offered bYls,„l"to
members go they are by no means aderiur„ of
effect the object aimed at. Mr. O'Reilly 's Pla-g,/-0
prolonging the first engagement from ten havetw- Do ,
years, and giving increased pay, would,
doubt, prove a failure. If the shorter terra of stile
We, er-
vice did not induce men to enter the army '"that
numbers anticipated, it is not at all likely to
adding two years more to aiit would have a b,et,ie
effect. Attaching particular regiments to ce,,.";(1.
localities might no doubt be attended vLit' die-
vantage, provided they happened to 'Alan
tinguished corps ; and the intimate eertinsf the
so formed between regiments of the line an'-`,iiave
militia. raised in the same districts would WI: {rote
a considerable effect in promoting volunteerole,;ea
the one to the other, or even in inducing Yelthcled
to enlist in corps where they would be surra,:,eace
by their neighbours and friends, whose essence
would render the separation from their fain'
,aught
painful. Such regiments as the " ram
Rangers" or " The Black Watch" find the
well filled, not only on account of theuluss
lant reputation and remarkable services, but be--
. .., Ire.
their designations include a whole ices, 11,st it ‘.
land, and the entire Highlands of Scotland ;,' 0u
0
would be idle to expect the same success ir°oo.o.
merely local designation for regiments whch the '
not boast of similar renown and do not ea
-o,dan
records of so many hard-fought fields e1n",,4,--,,e1l
on their colours. Where regiments are e%af-DT, b
national it is easy to conceive that young 1",:,--- 10 ,
longing to the same country will prefer Meru 10
others. There are not, however, more tha-11,, oe-
haps a dozen such in our service, and they a'vtlia- •
cisely those which do not require to
ducements to procure a sufficient supply of rAff, or
recrtlits. Mit can any one suppose that the ''''t dia'
70th, who have not had any opportunities a'ateitc,
playing their gallantry, and who, unfurtull...., 001;1
bear no emblems of victory on their barinwilf, 00'1'.
succeed better than others in enrolling nic_ll„-nea 0,,
fordshire or Surrey merely because they uK",f„reents
be named after those counties? The Crele'-noder
measure which Lord Hartington announced 8 -oteci
consideration, will, we presume, be probe acier
when the army estimates of the year car°,,A tsesle
discussion, and we trust it may include atl47„les oo
such provisions as we have in our former
alone
hold itiog
the subject ventured to suggest. It its O.
_Cit Ist /I
sufficient number of men to fill our rania/ATcoilr
require ; the quality of the recruits shooBlo
for much, too ; and no measure can prove a' retais
to obtain good charactered men, and t°,l olit 1
them in the army, which does not boinna 0'
comfortable provision at the terraine,t+." wiiii
their service to those enter it ``'le,
limited elipectdtionsf and of 'profession:pl aL oat
ment to such as enlist from higher inotiveli eedir
additional pay will fail to attract the desirou„sTheoce 6
•
tion of recruits is fully evidenced by past °rig 4,
cl
That it may tend to draw more of the ua th 3"
already have may be true ; but we snailitarbiil. e itl,ie
while high pay will offer inducements ta i iti'S'
and dissolute to enter into a first engagetaelini thur,
not be so certain to ensure a continnauceLriol,9
services in a second, while it must prov
red ",-roof °4.1
detrimental to discipline, If we require", proof '.;
the truth of this assertion it is to be fawn' 'Li: ed p,J
hand in this year's estimates. " The linci eaog,',
of soldiers confined in military prisons, Q 11,4535 tyt,
and barrack cells," which amounted in 1°,,,,u atES P,
£41,000, is set down in this year's es_dp.t'ia 0,11"
£6s,ooo—more than 55 per cent. iner„ieis 5.1-
year. Now, as the crimes for which thoseev ery iIL
undergoing punishment may be in alto°s., fairskr,l
stance traced to drunkenness, they rnaY eaw
attributed to such a command of money a', sDirM;
the soldier to indulge in his taste for ardell:6` vtio't
And the evil consequences of furnishing IT do of
an over and constant supply of read,' ,c°_,,,s,derll °D;
terminate with his incarceration for oov,i-offene-
mutinous conduct—his conviction of suc'bieli l'fr",
entails the loss of the good conduct paY7l,iv the le''
a main inducement to him to enlist ; au'i,;ei Pi.
sening of his means of indulgence renders 1;00
attentive and discontented. He deserts if
waits
and
a favourable opportunity, and if not be _,,,0t, e„i;
impatience the expiration of 111 engage.--,,, 1.,
carries nothing with him into the
.society to ~0 iliu
he returns but his poverty and hs hostility lap'
service, the harshness and injustice of whose rectipoll
tions he misses no opportunity of impres9lPgilter it:
those whom he may find at all disposed te et-aitea:
The British soldier, independently of the.tgr,,%t lee!"
supply of a reasonable quantity of beer, na's-ealeel
from 4d. to sd. a day to expend on his altal- Wants, °l-
and this is quite ample for his reaFsonable e wer°
would be quite sufficient to content hini if oteaci,lia
but aware that there was at the same tin fanaeo
increasing for his future benefit an a/I°lll9oh °
addition to his pay, which he 'wet° good-c°l;
ductquitting ay 't' 1 laet army,
present
four shillings per mangiTv
to over £lBO,OOO a year, or at the razi,-0 of
_rod
heeannatondudioailartiyo:ooo,l7°_erftrolginatia:cperti;,
service and good behaviour may ara",,Jmajeriti -
seventeen pence a day, and yet theY,s""rimfed t°4l
those who remain in the ranks until
to el enoil,A°
pension retire without having 5ay.,64,111„.°110ef-bus:ll
to unable them to embark in a small decree "11.0-;
whose profits would contribute to the --,,- penel-„,
port of their families, for which their bare
of e'
is absolutely insufficient. If, then, the l'-`-leaP-„,i
gagement were limited to twentjThose lee
e'"
t to
divided into three terms of seven years -:
.be 119
of each of which the soldier would be a' aria t, I
withdraw, and if at the same time a sutuf fond'),
increasing according to the duratien °itvi to
under arms, was invested for his benellkt:o. illefij3ed
we have no doubt induce many and bev,,," ty is'Ot
enlist than now present themselves. 13°2:,a 0410
should be continued—to be deducted 1,11:-, th°ltit
instalment of the saving to his credit ii 've3roi or
fit to retire at the end of the first seven' eon" eat
not to be deducted should he enter on is .:-0, veiilg
gagement, during -which the annual " a ;0
would be augmented in amount, and 6,,,a,:yeei-iisiolli
the third ; until at the end of tweet with a e;,O P"
well conducted soldier should, along_ w''''-gess'-•,,re'
of a shilling a day, find himself in Pai."o-i nireo
£lOO. It is needless to say that the fa
,!:gild I°,:jaie'
vision being made for him, which he s' tis c,i' 00,
if convicted by court-martial of any regov:ovr,
would prove a powerful inducement I-
4,0 tiltiw
duct, while the anticipation of a resec:concl:ore,,
sion if he continued under arms wolik? r;:,-to ITI 4'..,
to the vicissitudes and hardships ineineh; Iron' it
fession. The abolition of all extra rfafig qp,-
believe, go a very great way in ea4137,,,,„-- FAS'
plan ; and the establishment of flab vt, °4, 7,
be filled, not by the longest men, bil,t '4 as ';-0 tvl
soldiers, who should receive additional3-yeatsf,ool',
French service, would be a greats the reell 'eal',.;
them than good-conduct badges, for tr,r oxle 'eel
be eligible to the campagnies d'ilites axv:..,e- the vet
service, whereas they cannot now ribtn:tion i° is''°
conduct badge before three. If, in a're- , ofte; fetl
young men of education and ability 1 to c°,,titlel` e
years' service in the ranks, peltraittet' A bete.411-1
for entrance to the military schools, all"tb litaiF
on succeeding to gratuitous edueatiett 00 Cir. 1/1,13
qualifying themselves for commissions, art' _
,1•11.;a5.,,0
would be effected in the morale of our soiweo,, t,,e
should have older and more experiene'aecl ~ 9
_..,.
non-commissioned officers well cill:lw-ea °I3P.
instant to fill the places of commis:JP"-
might fall in action.

4..NTRIM.—On the ----------.26th
niitl
,fratthGs;enoon
Castle,ute ~00,10,
lane, the Countess of Antrim,. of a dalls I:4D
HAMILTON.—On the 27th ult., at tier," t°
W:11°
Lady Emily Hamilton, of a daugh_ ,
-col Irefe
„,c, Of
KEKEWICH.—On the 27th ult., at 8a819°)"...,°13' tile(1;"
Trehawke Kekewich, Esq., of a daugw"A 0 i 050"11
SE*MEH.—On the 26th ult, at 37, Af,f,tll.; Pr -
Elysees, Paris, the wife .of Ernest Clay
Esq., of a son. tell
i,„ 01),ilool,
L uoosfil
trhh
eecernlonoNnl—ye
rIETo Trinity,memrAlTo. —a Or rni a
thege2BB‘ t h n 1 t" 'l'itt It;31104
DV'
W- -110:°:
3.1 watt, Esq.,
Frederic Wood, of Southend, and 001,.111,0 oh of 84, Eccleston-squaro. cliarcli,Wls
_. Sotpepphnce.n_Louns‘hthinegWbt2oae3nrrisd,bninntsoittej:sa-taneatrtel,lllrJrhueiirv:is°:fau°ll:Boll:°,s4f °I
lane, to lice, youngest daughter of J"
Hutton, Essex. .40
LEADER.—On
tEi
rLsA Dcleu:Eadygre.e...r—: 0 n the 27th u Deathsi
t. , nat - S Cl:d3r
e;
:C1D1111:)"
LrNES. Lodge' ,
mroad, Mr. W. D. Lines, M..R.C.V.5.1 Aga dreet' 93 (
lEVILLE.—On :the 25th lilt ,at Gower-- ,110,,,1
—On ult., at Denbigll a A cif or'
, 5. ~,,,,„ 8A- 41,
ell2isevithiluelt stithe. Reg'evd• 8!;-froalc:Ile° 7;1;
vicar of Wooton Basset, and rector of
f_ajierColonel Hardress Robert SaunaserEt° a lit
50cioet:d:`
es_str 01,
Ss:adurgANDeirsiEGBAitsu:apors.i...—s,ooOn the 24th ult., at 8, Clarg a, latale'
..........„...„„„t7lllOlO
".
land, Esq., agoe .. O.
itNhse...°rt24htbhr°u°ltk.,liat°Cusea'Yfflor
it
.0
...:;
--- _-------------'*---74g AS Pito. 1-1
London: Printed and published by CV 114 1,,,,' 14- Oface
le -47
00 °
of No. 112, Strand, rilllter, at To% '-i,/
Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy,
Middlesex.—Wednesday, March i,l

I
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the

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