The Sun.
London, England, 1862-03-06 00:00:00

THE ARMY.

dtihoeus:lroidstinagppsrchovoeodl fporrinthcieples
in-
struction of the officers
.an troops attached to the
cavalry depot has lust. been completed at the back
of the barracks at Maidstone, by Mr. Naylar, the
Government contractor. The building is very large,
constructedn commodious
The necessary buildings and offices are attached for
the use of the officers and men under instruction.
A number of the non-commissioned officers and
men of the Royal Engineers who left England some
years since, for the purpose of making a complete
survey of the British territories in Western North.
America, have returned to England. They arrived
at head quarters, Chatham, a few days since. The
chief duties in which the detachment of Royal En-
andAis large
a
En-
gineers were engaged were in tracing the boundary
of the Oregon territory, and in laying down the
boundary line between Frazer River and the ex-
treme termination of British territory in Central
North America. The labour required on the part
of the Royal Engineers engaged in the undertaking
was severe and exhausting, as the boundary had
often to be carried across dense forests, in which
the party of surveyors were literally compelled to
.
hew their way. The men employed received
t a high
scale of working pay, in addition w
regimen-
tal pay. The remainder of the officersheir
and men
.
forming the expedition will shortly arrive in Eng-
land.
___—...........,

Mr. Windham, so well kusnionwgns(tecoonfnteheetilovnin dr
withso
a recent inquiry, has been au
folks for several days past with his freaks, by liberally dis-
pensing his hospitality at tho various publichouses in the
soshladpieerso,f and
Jar. e'
spirits) beer, steaks, &C., to cabmen,

-I‘l
R. and MRS. CHARLES %EAN will RE-
-a- APPEAR at the Theatre-Royal Drury-lane, THIS
EVENING (THURSDAY), March 6th, in HAMLET.
On Friday, 7th, Merchant of Venice ; and on Saturday,
6th, Louis XI.

0 yAL ENGLISH OPERA,
COVENT GARDEN.
Ciller the management of Miss Louisa Fyne and Mr. W.
Harrison.
THIS EVENING, THE LILY OF KILLARNEY.
llisses Louisa Pyne, Susan Pyne, Jessie M'Lean, and
Topham ; Messrs. Santley, H. Haigh, E. Dussek, C. Lyall,
Patey, Wallworth, and Mr. W. Harrison.
To conclude with HARLEQUIN GULLIVER; or, giants
and Dwarfs. Messrs. W. H., F., and H. Payne, IL, E., and
S. Lauri, and Miss Jenny Lauri.
Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON.
Commence at Seven.

THEATRE• t 1 ii Y At, HAYMARKET,
Legqee. Mr. J. B. tisrskatnLe.
THIS EVENING, to commence with THE WOLF AND
THE LAMB. Mr. Howe, Mr. W. Farren, Miss M. Oliver,
Jrc.
After which, OUR. AMERICAN COUSIN. Lord Dun-
dreary, Mr. Sothern ; Asa Trenchard, Mr. Buckstone.
To conclude with THE LADIES' CLUB. Messrs. Farren,
Cullenford, Clark, Compton ; Mrs. Wilkins, Miss Henrade.

Commence a 7

13,0YAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Manager---Mr. Edmund Falconer.
TFIIS EVENING, March 6, the new and original Drama
entitled, PEEP O'DAY ; or, Savourneen Deelish. Messrs
Walter Lacy, Hermann Vezin, Charles Selby, Edmund Fal-
coner ; Mrs. D. P. Bowers, Miss Clara Weston.
After which, a new and original Burlesque Extravaganza,
entitled LITTLE RED RIDING HOOD ; or, The Fairies of
the Rose, the Thistle, and the Shamrcck. Principal charac-
ters by Mr. Chas. Selby, blr. Warlow, Miss Cicely Nott, and
Miss Lydia Thompson.
Acting Manager—Mr. F. B. Chatterton.
Prices as usual. Doors open at hail-past 6, to commence at
7. Pox-office open daily from 11 till 5.

P OYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Lessee, Mr A. Harris.
1U
THIS EVENING, the new Mystic Drama, !in four parts,
entitled THE ANGEL OF MIDNIGHT. Mr. Ryder, Mr.
Potter, Mr. Jordan, Mr. VD iddieomb, dao. ; Miss Marriott,
Miss Fielding, &c.

After which, WORKING THE ORACLE.
To conclude with IHE YANKEE HOUSEKEEPER.
Mr. and Mrs. Florence.

NEW THIATRE-R0 SCAL, ADELPHI.-
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
THIS EVENING, THE CENSUS. Mr. J. L. Toole.
After which, THE LIFE OF AN ACTRESS. Mr. and
Mrs. Dion Boucic,ault, Messrs. Emery, J. LC T Billington,
Stuart, Eburne, Sefton, Powel, C. J. Smith ; Mrs. Billington,
Mrs. Harland, Mrs. H. Lewis,l Miss Laidlaw.
To conclude with THE PRETTY HORSEBREAKER.
Messrs. J. L, Toole, P. Bedford ; Misses Woolgar, K. Kelly,
Laidlaw, Mrs. H. Marston. Commence at 7.

NEW ROYALTY THEATRE,
Dean-street, Oxford-street.
THIS EVENING, CARNATION COTTAGE..
Followed by THE MISTRESS OF THE MILL, in which
Mr, J. B. Dale will appear.
g Ballet Divertissement.
After which, the succesful Opera Buffo, entitled LE MARI-
AGE AUX LANTERN ES. -Mr. John Morgan, Mesdames
Stanley, Payne, and Mason.
To conclude with A CHINESE ROMANCE.
Commence at half-past 7.

A.S r LEY'S ROYAL AMP HITHE ATRE.-
sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty.
Triumphant success of the New Eastern Spectacle and the
wonderful Performing Elephants, pronounced by the Press
and the Public to be the most sagacious animals ever ex-
hibited.
To-NIGHT THE 'RAJAH OF NAGPORE, with new and
gorgeous scenery, dresses, and appointments, introducing- the
two colossal Asiatic Elephants, whose astonishing feats on
the stage,. and afterwards in the circle, have met with the
jnOst unboantled-admiration.
:To be followed by brilliant and daring feats of Eques-
trianlsm by the unrivalled Troupe of British and Foreign
Artistes. - •
The wholc concluding with a laughable afterpiece.
Stage Manager, fr. W. Searle.

CANTERBURY HALL AND FINE
ARTS GALLERY.
VICTOR JULIEN, "THE FLYING MAN,"
at half-past Nine.
Last Few Nights of
"THE ENCHANTED HASH "
By Mr. E. Marshall, at a quarter-past Ten o'clock,
Performed upwards of sixty nights with immense success.
Grand Selection from La Circassienne, "by Mdlle. Negri,
with Band And full Chorus.
Comic--Mr. Randall, 31r. Frederick French, Mr. J. G.
Forde, Mr. Marshall, and
Musical Director, Mr. Jonghmans.
Admission—Hall, ad.; Stalls and Balcony, Is.

THE OXFORD, 6, OXFORD-STREET.—
EVERY EVENING.
HENRI and PFAU, in their intrepid Double Feats on the
Flying Trapeze.
Two Operatic Selections alternately from " Ernani,"
" Macbeth," "Il Trovatore," "La Traviata," "La Circas-
efenne," tic., by Miss Russell, Madame Idlnderssohn, Messrs.
Morley, Greene, C. reville, and Albert. Full Band and
Chorns—Conductor— GMr. F. Jonghmans.) 'Violin Solos—
Mr.Viotti Collins, and other Vocal and Instrumental attrac-
tions. The Comic portion by Miss Harriet Coveney, Messrs.
Sam Collins, Harvey and French (the Nerves), Wood and
E. Marshol, and W. RandalL
Hall, Stalls and Balcony, lc ; Private Boxes, 10s. 6d.
A Grand Morning Entertainment every THURSDAY,
at which HEN la and PFAU an the whole of the Company
appear. Doors open at Two o'cldock.

la IN A TRR AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THD' DAY.—Morning, sh. Rm.—Afternoon, sh. 25m.
To-MORROW.-Morning, sh. 44m.—Afternoon, 6h. Om.

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, MARCH 6, 1862.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
49 —highest since noon yesterday.
34—lowest tnis morning and during the night.
52—this day at noon.
BAROMETER-29.87.
WIND—Westerly ; light and variable, with dull weather.

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, , •-1, _ .4---i.„,,, ~,... 1:2::,---10 sr 74,,_ , %,,,
T_---G,4l_,' bi-,: , .-- 'l'.-il,'", i I•3L 0 , _:#4••,l____.-' -1' •
,_77 imir_

iYI 4_s

~`

THE SUN.
LONDON, THURSDAY, MARCH 6, 1862.

The completeness and importance of the Federal
success at Fort Donnelson only appear more clearly
now that we have fuller details. As yet we hear
of no exaggerations in the first statements, and we
are inclined to believe that they may be regarded
as trust-worthy. It will be seen by the accounts
of the attack and defence, which we publish to day,
that the fight was a most severe one ; it will also
be apparent that the long time of inaction has been
not unprofitably spent, for the Federal troops ap-
peared to be well in hand, and the officers to knew
their work. Neither was courage wanting. This
was not an artillery battle, at least on the side of
tae Federals. Their gunboats and battalions suffered
apparently much from the powerful artillery of the
fort ; but the chief of the work was done by the
bayonet. The Federals have shown themselves, both
at Fort Donnelson and at Roanoke Island, worthy
of their British descent in their use of this weapon.
Ai this latter place the Volunteers atoned for the
misbehaviour of their class at Bull's Run ; the Con-
federates had placed a strong force on the island,
and the complete triumph there was in great part
owing to the dash of the Volunteers with the
bayonet.
The position of the Federals has been wonder-
fully changed since the battle of Millspring ; a
writer from America thus describes it To sum
up our successes since the 9th of last January—we
have destroyed or taken 25,000 of the enemy, in-
eluding three of their best generals ; we have taken
179 pieces of cannon, 30,000 muskets, an immense
quantity of
material, and great numbers of horses
and cattle ; we have captured or sunk 20 armed
ships ; we have taken possession of several towns \
in North Carolinap;wcee h
in have compelled the enemy
to a
bandoneery la
Kentucky except Colum-
bus, and the whole of Missouri ; we have torn Ten-
nessee from the Confederacy, and have added it to
the Union ; and we have restored the trade between
the interior of Secessia and the Union,
f as a large
lot of tobacco has reached St.
Louis from
be Alabama
of the value of 100,000 dole., wliieh good •
news to the French. This is a pretty good 40
work, I think." Aud, so far as we Can judge,
the
days'
Federal troops in Kentucky and Tennessee
must
so largely- out-nor-aka. those of the Confederates,swhile, as t
the late battles prove, they are superior
to them in fighting prowess, that we look for a
steady and 6tlceessfal advance of t;ieir forces east-
ward from the 241i,..issippi, on the Carolinas and
Virginia, perhaps southward also, to Memphis
or New Orleans, Columbus, on the Mississippi,
in Kentucky. is said to be strong, and to command
the river, so as to obstruct gunboat expeditions
southward, but it is'now isolated, and it is not likely
that when the Confederates need it they will find it
a difficult task to take it. . 1

The question which will now ;be asked most
anxiously here, is, what will be the t fleet of Feral

successes on the policy of the Government. We
confess our fears predominate. Mr. LINCOLN is not
an anti-slavery man—rather the reverse. His policy
is to keep negroes as much as he can out of the
Free States. He has no kind of objection to a
fugitive slave law, as it tends to keep the
blacks in the South, and he would rather not
have them in the Nortb. Like the Kansas men,
he would vote them out of the States if he could.
As he cannot do this, his next best thing is to keep
them in the slave States. Politically and econo-
mically he well knows the slave system to be a
source of disturbance to the Union, and a dear mode
of cultivating the soil. But we believe him to be
thoroughly sincere in his professions of friendliness
to slavery in the South, and in his willingness to
give every guarantee on the subject a Southern can
desire. He is hostile, indeed, to the introduction
of slavery into the territories, and to giving permis-
sion to bring slaves into the Free States, but this is
quite compatible with his desire to leave slavery
and the internal slave trade where it is in the
South. We apprehend that nothing on earth would
induce him to proclaim emancipation for the negro
were it placed entirely in his power to do so.
These are our impressions from the numerous in-
cidents in this contest which bear on the subject;
but they are not ours only. One of the most intel-
legent of the American correspondents, a man of
intelligence and calmness, the very reverse of
" Manhattan," gives it as his deliberate opinion
that the anti-slavery cause never was at a lower
ebb in the North, than it now is. That there is
quite a reaction—" To all appearance," he says,
" the North is becoming more pro:slavery in its
notions thans than ever it was before, and would
grant about all that the South would ask, provided
that peace should be restored and the Union be re-
constructed. There is as much anti slavery feeling
now, perhaps, as ever there was, but the sup-
porters of true freedom are not united, while the
friends of slavery form a compact mass, and seem
about to get control of most of the free States.
This is what I mean when I say that the North is
retrogading on the subject of slavery; for the
governing power of a community, even though it
represents but a minority, must be held to speak
the sentiments of that community rather than the
majority, who waste their strength on internal
squabbles, or retire disheartened from the conflict.
The anti-slavery men of the Republican party
declare that Mr. LINCOLN and Mr. SEWARD are
as much devoted to slavery, and as ready to uphold
the rule of slaveholders, as ever were Presidents
PIERCE and BUCHANAN."

`We confess that this seems to us a highly pro-
bable account of the actual state of things. We
observe, indeed, that some correspondents who
have left England to write home again, colour their
representations of Northern feeling by their own
anti-slavery sentiments ; but we think the native
American view to be much nearer the truth. Eager-
ness to restore the Union will offer almost any
terms to the South. Magnanimity will be the
watchword, and it will mean, of course, a magnani-
mous sacrifice of a noble opportunity to abolish the
great disgrace of the Republic. The South, we
imagine, has little need to fear that Mr. LINCOLN
will exact any other terms than loyalty to the
Union and keeping their slaves at home.

Ultramontanism is doing its best to disgust all
the intelligence and liberalism of Europe. In
this country it is certainly giving far more of posi-
tion to Mr. WHALLEY, successor to Mr. SPOONER,
than ever he could procure for himself. The priestly
election at Longford will do more to render ultra-
Popery detestable to Englishmen, and to arouse
their deep-seated aversion to what they, rightly or
wrongly, have for centuries regarded as a disloyal
superstition, than any bitter lectures by Protes-
tants against Popery. Orange lodges and Pro-
testant institutes, and such proceedings as the attack
on Mr. TURNBULL, are distasteful to all liberal-
minded men. They awaken sympathy for the objects
of bigoted assaults. But when those with whom we
would sympathise show that the very spit it which
equipped the Spanish Armada still animates their
bosoms, they must not be surprised if Englishmen
recoil at the sight.

If there be any part of the policy of the present
Cabinet which has commanded the hearty appro-
bation of this country, it is that which related to
Italy. The Marquis of NORMANBY seemed to be
alone in his displeasure in the Upper House, and
Sir G. BOWYER in the Lower House, in uttering sen-
timents hostile to Italian unity and independence.
And, if there be a name honoured by Englishmen, it
is, above all others, that of GARIBALDI. Yet, what dl
we see now at Longford—the name of GARIBALDI
received with groans, and one of the most re-
spectable of Irish members ejected because he
has taken a subordinate office under the
Government which gave its moral aid to the
liberation of Italy.

Now we warn the priests who made last Sunday
the opportunity for an altar canvasing on behalf of
the hero of Spoleto, and who taught the people to
groan for the great Italian hero, that they could not
take a more effectual course to call for English
groans for Irish priests, and for their religion too,
in the light in which they exhibit it. Let them re-
member that while the sentiment of equality for all
creeds is becoming the political faith of Britain,
they are taking the very course to destroy that
faith, so far as they can do it. From the time of
the Tudors to this day there has been a growing
desire on the part of more intelligent Englishmen,
to efface the general impression that religious
loyalty to the POPE was incompatible with political
loyalty to liberty and to the British constitution. We
have preached with no little success the doctrine
that Catholics were as good liberals as other English-
men. But the Catholics themselves have proved
themselves the worst enemies to this doctrine. They
have exalted the PORE'S temporal power above the
rights of human beings to self-government. They
haVe shown that their concern is not to
be the conscientious worshippers of his Holiness,
as CHRIST'S Viaeroy on earth, but to see this
Viceroy of CHRIST a secular prince, a despotic
prince, and a prince with his foot on the neck of
his unfortunate subjects.

Now, Englishmen must loathe this degrading incon-
sistency. Catholics here are free men. They take,
as at Longford, what political course they please,
exposed only to the penalty of publicity for their
folly. They revel in their freedom, abuse the Go-
vernment, and turn out the QUEEN'S servants for
becoming her servants. We do not grudge them
this liberty, but we do ask them to do "as they
would be done unto." We know they do not
lice the Bible, but we believe they acknow-
ledge the commandment referred to. What,
then, have they to say to the Romans,
who. ask nothing but the very liberty which the
Popish Priests of Longford enjoy themselves, but
•deny to the Romans, while they are furious with
Lords PALMERSTON and RUSSELL, for a neutrality
it! which tkey have given their moral support to the
cause of Italian emancipation, the slaves of the tem-
poral POPE 144111ded. These
I
of liberty run mad in priestly exemplifiersreland, are fanatical for
keeping the Papal yoke on the necks of their
brother Catholics in Italy. And all for what P
Ftqr that siiii!:.st of whims—to see the successor of

the Fisherman and the professed Vicar of Him
wbo 6isclaimed all pretensions to territorial domi-
nion, a petty temporal despot !
Our English Catholics should take care. We do
not know what influence they have elsewhere; but
were Cardinal WISEMAN to show half the interest
in civil and religious liberty in Rome, in Spain, in
France, which he shows in pointing out to his
flock how much flesh, fish, lard, and eggs,
they may eat in Lent, he would be doing
far more to render English Roman Ca-
tholicism an object of respect. We believe
the Irish Papal magnates would not thank him for
his interference, yet he might do worse things than
let them know that they are doing their best to
create among English politicians an anti-Popery
League. It is quite possible that Mr. O'REILLx's
ultimate success may be as great as it was at
Spoleto.

The state of affairs in Poland has long been a
source of deep regret to all right-thinking and feeling
men. The spectacle of an ancient people cherishing an
ardent love of national independence and of their
peculiar constitution writhing under the strong hand
of a foreign domination has unhappily not been
without parallel in modern Europe. The una-
nimity, high character, and fervent patriotism of
the Poles, their heroic struggles to preserve their
nationality, and the unprincipled manner in which
the rights of nations were disregarded by a few
unscrupulous potentates, has rendered them more
especially the objects of sympathy. Their cause
was felt to be the cause of oppressed peoples ; their
leaders the representatives of injured patriotism;
their fall the triumph of ruthless despotism and
grasping cupidity in high places, upheld by the
sword—

"And Freedom shrieked when KoscrusKo fell."
Of late years, however, the warm simpathy
awakened by the position of this ancient kingdom,
though not forgotten, has been suffered to languish
in the presence of events of more immediate ex-
citement in Europe. That the- condition of the
people was a standing reproach to the Govern-
ments which had tamely looked on at the sacrifice,
no one doubted; but the more recent misfortunes
of Italy and Hungary naturally engrossed atten-
tion. The accession of the Emperor ALEXANDER,
too, gave rise to hopes of amelioration in the rigour
of the Government, and great expectations might
naturally be formed from the Sovereign who pro-
jected such a bold design as the emancipation of
the serfs. It was not long before these hopes
were extinguished ; but it remained for the events
of last year to arouse once more the sympathies
and indignation of Europe in behalf of the op-
pressed Poles. Those incidents are doubtless fresh
in the memory of our readers, but they have
recently been again brought prominently under
notice by the publication of a series of letters, ad-
dressed to her MAJESTY'S Foreign Secretary by an
English gentleman who came in for a share of
Cossack politeness last autumn. The declaration
of Mr. GEORGE MITCHELL, forwarded to Earl
RUSSELL by the British Consul General at War-
saw, states that that gentleman on the fifteenth of
last October was walking quietly along the Rue
du Miel, in company with a Polish friend, when
they were suddenly surrounded by a detachment of
Cossacks, commanded by an officer, who assaulted
them with their lances. The Pole managed to
escape into his own house, which was adjoining,
but the Englishman was less fortunate. In
vain he appealed to two Russian officers—
they only encouraged the cowardly attack.
He was struck to the ground and severely
injured by the blows he received. They
had disobeyed no order, and done nothing, by word
or gesture, to provoke such an assault. The offence
appeared to have been that they had entered a street
in which there was a church. Mr. MITCHELL
justly asks whether he could have anticipated such
an order from the Christian Governor of a Chris-
tian city. " I might," he says, " have thought it
possible that such acts could occur in Syria, under
a Turkish Governor with Mussulman soldiers, but
not under a Government which had any pretensions
to be considered European or civilised." Unjustifia-
ble as was the attack on Mr. MITCHELL, however,
it was trifling in comparison with the wrongs com-
mitted on the unhappy Poles. Troops of Cossacks
rode furiously through the streets, striking all they
met ; even entering private houses and maltreating
the inmates. Those found inside the churches were
beaten till their blood stained the altars at which
they had taken refuge. Daring the night of the
15th, 2,000 persons were arrested ; 400 having been
detained to be tried by court martial for the crime
of praying in the churches. The particulars given
by Mr. MITCHELL,+ as eye-witness of the scene
described one sufficient to excite the
warmest indignation. He solemnly declares that
there was no tumult nor anything which could in
the least degree palliate the barbarities of the
Cossacks :
I need hardly inform you that all the churches and syna-
gogues are closed in Warsaw ; nor are they likely to be
opened, as the Russian Viceroy will not give sufficient gua-
rantees it the official journal, that the churches shall notbe
made again the scenes of such sanguinary outrages as were
perpetrated in them on the night of the 15th of October.
On that occasion, when the Russian troops forced an en-
trance into the churches, they found in the front rank the

women on their knees, and behind them the men. The

women were flogged and beaten, and the men struck down
and trampled on. The latter were taken wounded and
bleeding to the citadel, and during the whole way they
were unmercifully beaten, At the citadel they were divided
into parties of 60, and placed in dungeons. Count LAM-
BERT announced his intention,that 10. taken by lo tfrom each
division of prisoners should be shot, without any form of
trial.

General FANS/UWE, an Englishman, who has been 50
years in the Russian service, and is a Senator of Poland,
happened to walk out on the 15th of October, without being
in uniform. He was surrounded by Circassians, who gave
him a most severe whipping. An eminent Polish phy-
sician had a small gold-headed cane taken from him by a
Cossack, at which time the Russian General KnouLon,
happened to pass. The physician appealed to the General,
who had been one of his patients, to order his cane to be
restored to him. But General KROULOPP ordered the Cos-
sack to lay his whip about the doctor's head, which he did
in the most cruel manner. I was walking in the Place de
Saxe on Sunday, the 20th of October, where I saw a Rus-
sian officer in uniform, with a young lady in deep mourn-
ing leaning on his arm. He was surrounded by a party of
Cossacks, who desired him to tear off the white border at
at the bottom of the lady's black dress. Black and white
together are forbidden colours in Warsaw. The officer told
them that he was Colonel HoLDE, and tha, the lady was
daughter, and in mourning for her mother. The Cossacks
ina.ted on his removing the white border from her dress,
and he had to tear it off on the public place. His late wife
was a Princess of Hesse of Darmstadt, and cousin of the
Empress of RUSSIA.

Such tyranny as this is sufficient to rouse a tamer
people than the Poles, and truly, as Mr. MITCHELL
observes, entail shame and disgrace upon the com-
munity of Christian nations. When will the Rus-
sians learn the madness of their proceedings P When
will the EMPEROR see that to maltreat the Poles
after the fashion of IVAN the TERRIBLE is to for-
feit his claim to rank among enlightened and civi-
lised sovereigns, and to turn his people back to that
state of barbarism from which his other acts show
an earnest wish to emerge. We should rejoice to
see the reign of a young and able sovereign sig-
nalised by an amelioration of the state of Poland.
Let him learn the lesson which is being taught in
succession to all despotic Governments, Let him

• Letters addressed to Earl Russell respecting the late
Events at Warsaw ftpd in Poland. By George Mitchell,
Esq.