The Sun.
London, England, 1853-03-16 00:00:00

.71

No. 18,870.

LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAIW,II 16, 1853.

A RT UNION OF LONDON (By RoYal
Charter).—The SUBSCRIPTION LISTS WILL CLO,E
3I st Instant. SPECIMENS of the Two Prints to be given to
every Subscriber may be seen at the Office—viz., ' The Surrender
of Calais," a work of national and historical interest, by 11. Roam-
s" after H. E. Scions ; and " Christ Led to Crucifixion." In addi-
tion to the above Two Prints, each prizeholder will be entitled to
select for himself a work of Art from one of the public Exhibitions.
GEORGE GODWIN,I honorary
LEWIS POCOCK, 5 Secretaries.
444, West Strand, March 8, 1853.

ALLSOPP'S PALE OR BITTER ALE.-
Messrs. S. ALLSOPP and SONS beg to inform the TRADE
that their celebrated ALES may be obtained in Casks of 18 Gallons
dupArds, from
Branchtheß BREWERY, Burton-on-Trtnt ; and from
the undermentioned
Establishments :
LONDON, at Cl, King Wililam street, City;
LIVERPOOL, at Co k-street ;
MANCHESTER, at Ducte-place;
DUDLEY, at the Burnt Tree;
GLASGOW, at lIS, St. Vincent-street;
DUBLIN, at Ulster Chambers, Dame-street;
BIRMINGHAM, at Market-hall ;
Messrs. ALLSOPP and SONS take the opportunity of announcing
to PRIVATE FAMILIES that their ALES, so strongly recom-
mended by the medical profession, may be procured in DRAUGHT
and BOTTLES GENUINE from all the most RESPECTABLE
LICENSED VICTUALLERS, on "ALLSOPP'S PALE ALE" being
specially asked for,
When in bottle the genuineness of the label can be ascertained by
its having " ALLSOPP and SONS" written across it.

AUSTRALIA.

ante can be placed on the passage • being made
within the time anticipated of 60 to 65 days.
I have no doubt that this, as well as the other
minor causes which have, as yet, interfered with
the steamers accomplishing a quick voyage, will be
soon removed, as' experience points out what re-
quires to be done.
In regard to the general aspect-of affairs, there
is nothing to report materially different from the
accounts I have before given you. The same
astonishing amount of immigration continues ; the
same commercial activity prevails. The high rates
of provisions and house-rents are nearly as then,
with a decline among a few articles of the former,
such as the important one'of flour,, which is now
selling at about 201. a-ton, with ls. 6d. the quartern'
loaf, instead- of 401. the ton, and 2s. 6d. the quar-
_tern loaf, as recently charged. Another article of
nearly the came daily use—namely, butter, main-
tains the same price (3s. per lb.) ; and, as to
vegetables and fruit, the prices are quite prohi-
bitory, except to those whose large incomes make
the price of liN ing no object. The proceedS from
the gold fields seem of late to be somewhat less in
quantity ; but to this I attach no importance what-
ever, as it is in my opinion, one of those slight
variations in the amount of supply which in all
similar great works of labour must temporarily
occur. My belief is that the gold fields of Aus-
tralia are of such an extent that they will yield
the precious metal in at least the same propor-
tion as hitherto for centuries to come. But this
is a very different question from the certainties
of individual success, and upon this branch of the
subject it would be well for thousands if the actual
facts of the case were more clearly understood, for in
that event a great loss of time, health, and money
would unquestionably be saVed. It cannot be too
often impressed on the minds of all who meditate
emigration to this country with a -view to the gold
diggings, that it is neither more nor less than a
perfect lottery. Although, of course, Pie chances
are in favour of those possessing much physical
strength to enable them to cope with the severe
bodily labour which they must necessarily undergo,
yet, even with these, it is still the same kind of
gambling speculation. A party of four may work
for six weeks and get nothing, and, after leaving
in disappointment and disgust, the last hole dug
by them may be occupied by new comers, who in
twenty-four hours may turn up sevel.al pounds
weight of gold.. The only way to insure a fair
degree .of success is to conduct gold digging as a
regular trade--to go to the diggings with means suffi-
cient to hold on in case of disappointment, and to
continue steadily at it in spite of failure, whether
it be for three, six, nine, or even twelve months.
The result will be then, that you will !almost cer-
' tainly be rewarded with a certain portion of the
yellow metal, equivalent to what in England would
undoubtedly be rightly considered a large sum, but
which, recollecting the high prices the digger has
to pay for his provisions, &c., is, after all, not so
large a sum as at first sight appears.
From conversations with many who have tried
their fortunes in the gold regions of Mount Alex-
ander, Bendigo, Forest Creek, &c., I cannot but
come to the conclusion that, speaking generally,
the present average wages of labour in Melbourne
will prove equally, remunerative, without the pri-
vations and severe work which the pursuit of the
gold-digger involves.
Since my former letter the contemplated export
duty on gold has been abandoned, and I am glad it
has been so, for the opposition to it on the part of
the diggers, would in all probability have brought
on. a collision with the authorities. A meeting was
held, at which opinions were expressed that no
more licence-money should be paid on the Export
Duty Bill becoming law ; and although, in the
event of 'a disturbance, there could be no doubt of
the eventual triumph of law and order, yet it is
fearful to contemplate what scenes of bloodshed
might have taken place, if so small a force of mili-
tary and police as exists here were brought into
contact with the large army of diggers which is en-
camped on those localities which I have mentioned.
All public works remain at a standstill ; nothing is
doing to meet the pressing demand for the cleans-
ing and sewerage of the city, or for the better sup-
ply of water to the inhabitants, who are still com-
pelled to resort to the expensive and inconvenient
mode of having it brought in water-cal 'ca, after
which it requires filtering, unless you prefer taking
the chance of dysentery and other diseases.

Intelligence has been received from Sydney to
28th December, and from Adelaide to the 10th
January. The yield of gold at the diggings greater
than ever. The number of diggers at the various
gold fields 100,000, whose average earnings are one
ounce per man per week. Trade brisk, and prices
sustained, with the exceptibn. of flour.
The intelligence by this arrival is highly satis-
factory • the yield of gold from the Victoria dig-
gings alone amounted to about 100,000 ounces a
week in spite of the attractions of the Christmas
holydays and the scarcity of water in some locali-
ties. Twelve thousand emigrants and 152 ships
had arrived in Port Philip during the month of
December, but though such an enormous accession
to the population had been naturally attended
with some inconvenience, nothing approaching to
suffering had occurred.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That on GOOD FRIDAY the
Trains will run as on Sundays, with the addition of the Day Mail,
from Paddington to Bristol, at 10.15 a.m., ; and from Bristol to Pad-
dington at 8.35 a m., c Ring at the usual stations.

Return Tickets issued on Thursday, the 24th March, and on Good
Friday, will be available for the return journey on either of those
days, or on the 26th, 27th, or 28th Inst.

kor further particulars see handbills, which may be obtained at
the static.' s, or at any of the offices of the Company.
Pa Idtngton Station. 16th March, 1853.

CONTRACT FOR MARINE CLOTHING AND NECESSARIES:

vv
Department of the Comptroller for Victualling and Transport
Services, Somerset-place, 14th March, 1853.
THE Commissioners for executing the Office of
Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland DO HEREBY GIVE NOTICE, that on THURSDAY,
the 7th April next, at One o'clock, they will be ready to treat
with such persons al may be willing to Contract for supplying and
delivering into her Majesty's Victualling St ores at Deptford, under a
Contract for Twelve Months certain, and further until the expiration
of Three Monrhs warning, all such
CLOTHING

The price of flour had fallen very considerably.
The labour market was easier, and the harvest
and wool crop, both of which had been abundant,
had been secured in all the colonies in good condi-
tion, and without extraordinary expose.
Arrangements had been made by the Superin-
tendent of the colonial and some other gold mining
companies for working quartz claims with every
prospect of success.

and Woollen and Linen Articles of Necessaries as may, from time to
time, be demanded for the Royal Marines, and for the Artillery
Companies of the Royal Marines. The Clothing to be supplied
either made up, or in Materials for making up.
A Form of the Tender and the Conditions may be obtained at the
said office; and Patterns of the Articles may be seen at the. Marine
Office, New-street, Spring-gardens, between the hours of Eleven
and Three. No Tender will be received after One o'clock on the day
of treaty, nor any noticed, unless the party attends, or an agent
for him, duly authorised in writing.
Every tender mint be addressed to the Secretary of the Admi-
ralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words " Terder for
Marine Clothing," and must also be delivered at Somerset-place,
accompanied by a letter signed by two responsible persons, engag-
ing to become bound with the person tendering, in the sum of
3,0001. fb, the due performance of the Contract

The Great Britain steamer was to sail on the 3d
of January from Port Philip for 'Liverpool. She
brought with her from Sydney 24,0000 z. of gold,
about 150,0000 z. more
farnodmwasexpected to ship
Melbourne.

The Ballarat was also expected to ship a large
freight of gold.
which left England Sep-
teinTee
b4erti°hel)ra ea
ea7tth, had arrived in safety after a long
passage. •

CONTRACTS TOR-BALTIO. ITALIAN, AND HUNGARIAN
HEMP. _ -

Department of the Storekeeper-General of the Navy,
Somerset-place, 12th March, 1853.
(SHE Commissioners for executing the Office of
AL Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom. of Great Britain and
Ireland, DO HeREBY GIVE _NOTICE, that on TUESDAY, t'oe
12th April next, at ONE o'Clock, they will be ready to treat with
such Persons as may be willing to Contract for supfilying

- The political intelligence is uninteresting, ex-
cept that the irritation of the inhabitants of Van
Diemen's Land on the subject of transportation
had risen to such a height that the Legislature had
threatened to stop the supplies.
The following, on the yield of gold, is extracted
from the Melbourne Argus of the 3d of January
" Since our previous summary there has been brought
down as follows :

RIGA and PETERSBURGH HEMP, and
ITALIAN and. HUNGARIAN HEMP.

To be delivered at her Majesty's Victualling Dock-yards, according
to Distributions, which, with the Forms of the Tenders, may he
peen at the said Office. No Tender will be received alter One o'Clock,
on the Day of Treaty, nor will any be noticed unless the Party at-
tends, or an Agent for him duly authorised in writing.
Every Tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the Admi-
ralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words " Tender for
," and must also be delivered at Somerset-place.

"BY GOVERNMENT ESCORT.

• Ounces.
Nov. 18. From Mount Alexander ... 10,233
18. From Ballarat •.. 10,427
24. From Ballarat ••. -.. 8,537
25., From Mount Alexander 9,945
27. From the Ovens ... 3,300
Dec. 1. From Ballarat •.• 10,100
2. From Mount Alexander 16,125
8. From Mount Alexander ... 10,661
8. From Ballarat ... 8, 887
13. From the Ovens ... •.. 8,783
16. From Mount Alexander ... 9,900
16. From Ballarat ••• 7,500
22. From Ballarat ... ... 8,500
23. From Mount Alexander ... 7,800
29. From Ballarat ... 4,457
30. From Mount Alexander 6,191
27. Dispatched from the Ovens ; 13,400

Total ... • ... 145,746 •
BY PRIVATE ESCORT.

Nov. 12
19
27
Dec. 3
9
16
23
30

Ounces.
.•• •.. 45,219
..• ••• ' 27,119
••• ... • 37,776
• •.. 31,042
..• 24,900
• ... 19,674
• • 21,354
20,347

... 227,431

878,959
228,529

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[PRICE SD.

the amount to her Majesty's Land and Emigration Com-
missioners, I requested that emigrant ships at the rate
of five each month should be sent to the colony until
that sum and the previous remittance of 100,0001., now
in course of disbursement, should be expended. I have
also, in compliance with the request eoritained in your
address of the 2d of October last, transmitted to the
Right Hon. the Secretary of State a copy of the second
progress:report of the select committee on immigration,
fn order that the necessary directions 'inay'be given for
adopting the self-supporting principle therein recom-
mended, if it should be found practicable to carry it
into effect. I trust that these combined measures, with
the spontaneous immigration which is now taking place,
may have the effect of speedily relieving the employers
of labour required in the ordinary industrial pur-
suits of the colony, from the pressure to which
they have lately been subjected. In the meantime,
from the accounts which have reached me from
different parts of the colony, I have learnt with satis-
faction that, notwithstanding the scarcity and dearness
of labour, the harvest and the wool clip are proceeding
without serious interruption. I will take an early op-
portunity of transmitting to the most noble the Governor-
General of India, for his lordship's favourable considera-
tion, a copy of your address, requesting that the law
which prohibits the emigration to this colony of all Indian
labourers who do not come under the designation of
menial servants, may be abrogated. I have received with
much satisfaction your address expressive of your con-
currence in the measure proposed by the Government for
rendering further pecuniary assistance to the Sydney
Railway Company. I trust that this may prove the
certain means of completing and opening for public
traffic a sufficient portion of railway, to make obvious the
manifold advantages to be obtained from this mode of
internal communication, and thus eventually to lead to
its progressive adoption throughout the wide extent of
this colony. I communicated without delay to the
Secretary of State a copy of your address, recommending
that the stun of 6,0001. per annum, for three years, be
paid to the first steam company which shall establish a
monthly line of steamers, whereby the course of post
between London and Sydney may be brought within 120
days. The necessary provision has been made for this
service for the ensuing year. I have had much pleasure
in giving my assent to the act which allows the trans-
mission of books by post at a reduced charge. I trust
that it may be the means of fostering a taste for litera-
ture, and of disseminating useful informaticin throughout
the colony. I have received your address, expressive
of your opinion that it would tend to the con-
venience of the members, if the council were con-
vened as early as possible in the month of May in
each year, for the dispatch of public business. You
may rely on my desire to meet your wishes on the sub-
ject, as far as circumstances will permit. Your other
addresses, to which no specific allusion has been made,
will receive due attention. I am happy to state that
the anticipations entertained of the productiveness of
the customs revenue under the Tariff Act passed during
the present session have been fully realised , and I doubt
not that, in other respects, from its liberal and indiscri-
minating character, it will be found to work beneficially
for the public interests. Offering equal facilities to the
introduction of the produce and manufactures of all na-
tions, it will; I confidently anticipate, have the effect of
largely and most advantageously extending the com-
mercial intercourse of the country. I have much plea-
sure in observing that the good order and willing obe-
dience to the laws and regulations of the Government
which have so creditably characterised the population
at the gold fields since their first occupation, are still
maintained, If the produce has been less than was an-
ticipated, that may be readily shown to have arisen
from temporary causes, and not from any failure in their
productiveness or extent. The unusual fall of rain has
prevented the bed claims of the river from being worked
during the greater part of the season ; and many per-
sons, attracted by the richness of the gold fields of Vic-
toria, have temporarily proceeded thither. The tide of
immigration is now, however, steadily setting back to
this colony, and as the population engaged in gold dig-
ging increases, there can be no doubt that the produce
will show a corresponding augmentation. I thank you
for the liberality with which you have provided for the
public service. You may rely on my desire to use the
supplies which you have placed at the disposal of the
Government with every regard to economy. I now de-
clare this council to stand prorogued to Tuesday, the
Bth day of February next.
" 28th of December, 1852."

" C. A. FiTzßor.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
MELBOURNE.

JAN. I.—Notwithstanding the immense number 'of
vessels arriving from all quarters of the globe, our sup-
plies are by no means adequate to the increasing con-
sumption caused by the daily influx of population. The
business of the week has been brisk, especially in every
description of provisions.
GENERAL MARKET.—Twenty-nine carts entered our
market this morning. We quote the prices as follows:
Cabbages, 245. per doz. ; cauliflowers, 245. ditto ; tur-
nips, 6s. ditto; carrots, 6s. ditto; parsnips, 6s. do.; aspa-
ragus, is. per bundle; spinage, Is. ditto; sea kale, ls.
ditto ; new potatoes, 6d. per lb. ; pld ditto, 20s. per
cwt. ; lettuces, Gs. per doz. ; gooseberries, 2s. per quart;
cherries, 4s. 6d. per lb. ; green peas, is. per quart ;
butter, 3s. per lb. ; eggs, 6s. per doz. ; geese, 20s. each;
turkeys, 20s. each ; ducks, 16s. per pair ; and fowls, 16s.
ditto.

LABOUR MARKET.- The labour market continues well
supplied, and there is also a brisk demand for all classes
of servants. Wages range as follows :- -Married couples,
without family, per annum, with rations, 601. to 70/. ;
ditto, with family, 451. to 50/. ; shepherds with rations,
per annum, 351. to 40/. ; hutkeepeis, per annum, with
rations, 301. ; general farm servants, with rations, 401.
to 501. ; shearers, 30s. per 100 sheep; mowers, 6s. to 9s.
per acre with rations ; reapers, 20s. per acre ; haymakers,
20s. to 30s. 'per week with rations ; bullock drivers,
with rations, per annum, 501. to 601. ; ditto for the
roads, 60s. per week, with rations ; labourers for the
roads, 10s. per day, without rations ; carpenters,
daily, 12s. to 15s. per day, with rations ; ditto, 18s. to
20s. per day, no rations ; bush carpenters, with rations,
501. to 60/. ; stockkeepers, with rations, per annum,
401. to 501; cooks, male, 30s. to 40s. per week; grooms,
with rations, per annum, 401. to 501.: gardeners, with
rations, per annum, 501. to 60/. ; blacksmiths, 31. 10s.
to 41. per week ; ditto, country, with rations, per
annum, 751. to 80/. ; compositors, ls. 6d. per thousand;
ditto, 41. 18s. per week ; pressmen, 41. 18s. per week.
Female Servants.-Thorough servants, per annum,
201. to 35/. ; housemaids, 251. to 35/. ; laundresses, 301.
to 35/.; nursemaids, 201. to 251.; cooks, 30/. to 501.
Seamen.--To London, by the run, 45/. ; American
coast, 401., or 81. per month•; East or West Indies, 401.;
China, 401,; Colonial ports, 61.; Colonial ports, monthly,
51. to 101.

( From the Melbourne Gold Circular of Jan 3.)
Gold has maintained an upward tendency this week
owing to the demand for shipment by the Great Britain
and the Ballarat, which was materially increased by the
agents of the Great Britain reducing the freight to 44d.
per ounce (the same as ships), and their erasing from the
bills of lading the clauses that were considered ob-
jectionable. Although not cleared out at the Customs
there is already on Board of the Great Britain and the
Ballarat over 150,0000 z. The price of gold left off at
70s. 3d., being an advance of last week of 3d. per oz.
The news from Fryer's Creek is encouraging, several
parties having succeeded in realising large quantities
from spots that have been overlooked in the general rush
to reported new fields. The Ovens id also increasing in
productiveness, as the amount that has arrived this
evening by escort shows. At Bendigo reports of dull-
ness are rife, and at Ballarat the runninc, about of the
diggers from place to'place is the cause of a falling off in
quantity. _ _

Number of persons who have arrived in
the colony this week 4,278
Number of persons who have left Bl5

Addition to our population this week... 3,463
MELBOURNE SHIPPING.

Arrived.—Jan. 2—The Countess cif Elgin, ship 893
tons, Patterson, commander, from London, Sept. 14-
200 passengers ; Wellington, barque, from London.
Cleared Out.- -Jan. I—The Cleopatra, steamer, 893
tons, Cumming, commander, for Sydney, with part of
original cargo from London, and 184 passengers.
Projected Departures.—For London—The Ballarat
and Statesman, about 3d inst.; Admiral, 20th inst.;
Hero, early ; Northumberland, about 12th inst.; Black-
wall, Rienzi, Atrevida, Bombay, in February. For Li-
verpool—The Great Britain, this day ; Sarah Sands,
steamer, Feb. 1. For Singapore—The Chusan, steamer,
this day. For Calcutta—The Magnolia and Rip Van
Winkle, early. For Bombay—The Arundel, about
14th instant.

dZ, 2

sugar is quoted 335. 6d. to 345. for No. pieces,
crybtals, and loaf sugar 555. to 565.
demand for spirits has been very great, but large
3 having taken place—most of which were already
placed—no sensible alteration has occurred in prices.
Martell's 11s. 6d. per dozen for exportation.
Beer remains in very great demand, both for bottled
and draught ; 12s. a dozen has been readily obtained for
large lots during the week.
Cigars may be quoted 82s. 6d. The market is some-
what unsettled, importation being looked for. The to-
bacco market is tolerably well supplied, and prices not
so firm.

-,•'--

Currants have been freely sold at Bd. and 9d. a pound ;
but as a quantity were imported too late for delivery for
Christmas, it is probable this article will not maintain ita
price. The same may be said of other dried fruits gene-
rally.

The flour market is weak. 251. is the nominal quota-
tion for finest samples. The recent importations from
South America, remain in the hands of importers, the
millers declining to add to their stocks at present prices.
The produce market is very well supported. Good
average prices were obtained at Mort's auction oil
Thursday. But only a small amount of wool was offered
.(250 bales).
The price of gold on Friday was 31. 13s. for Vic-
toria, and Si. 10s. 6d. for New South Wales. The
Great Britain did not ship so large a quantity as was ex-
pected, exception having been taken to the terms of the
bills of lading. There is a very considerable amount of
money engaged now in the gold trade, and every pro-
bability of prices being well maintained for some time
to come. I have yet no news of importance to com-
municate from our own gold fields, which, however,
continue to yield average amounts.

(Prom the Sydney Gold Circular of _Dec. 27.)
The Christmas holidays have come round once more,
but without producing that diminution in the produce of
our mines which might have been expected. On the
contrary, indeed, the quantities at all the diggings have
slightly increased.

Smile of the few parties left at Hanging Rock, in the
north, appear to be doing extremely well, as much as
73 oz. and 46 oz. per week having been obtained. Rocky
River continues to rise in favour and to afford profitable
employment for those who are working there, with
abundance of room for more.

Two additional reports from the Rev. B. Clarke on
the northern gold fields have reached us, which we shall
notice in our next.

A gleam of sunshine has at length gladdened the
hearts of the owners of the Turon bed claims. During
the past week some of them have been able to get to
work, one claim yielding in a single day 101 b., and on
the follovi,ing day 40oz. gold, while several calk averazi
from 1.90 z. to-'200z." per day.
A few parties on the Tuena are doing a moderate
stroke. Mundy Flat still continues very rich some
parties making Boz. per day.
The numbers at the Meroo and Louisa Creek are on
the increase, and Spicer's Creek is favourably men-
tioned.

Our private advices from the south inform us that
there is not much doing at Bell's Creek and Major's
Creek, with the exception of some few parties who own
good bank claims. At Bell's Paddock, however, the
diffusion of prosperity is almost universal, the more
successful making as much as 15oz. or 20oz. per day.
There was an increase of numbers on all the diggings in
this neighbourhood, so that we may look for considerable
addition to the usual supply.

'~ -~'!'-~'G -~