The Sun.
London, England, 1865-08-21 00:00:00

THAMES.

IMPRISONMENT WITHOUT A FlNE.—Charles Parkins, a
bricklayer, was charged with interfering with the police in
the execution of their duty, and with assaulting Policeman
221 K.

It appeared that about 12 o'clock on Saturday night he
was on duty in North-street, Poplar, when he heard a dis-
turbance. He went to the spot, where he found a crowd
of persons. The prisoner was among them. He suc-
ceeded in dispersing the greater portion of it. One of the
crowd refused to go, when the prisoner came up and struck
him a severe blow in the face, and observed that he would
no calling him, at the same time, a vile name. Some blood
flowed from the wound. The prisoner ran into a house,
followed ty the complainant. The constable got to
the door, when his leg was jammed in the door-way, where
he was held fast.

Policeman 291 K corroborated the evidence, and stated
hat he saw blood upon the face of his brother officer.

A female friend of the prisoner stated that she complained
to the constable of the annoyance caused by the boys—a
lot of whom were called " Gadmouth boys"—who had
broken many of their windows. The constable told them
if they had any complaint to make that he had better sum-
mon the boys. Ho told her that if she did not go away he
would,take her into custody. She told him that she was
near her own house. The constable then left her. She
went to the station-house, but she was refused to bo ad-
mitted.

The prisoner was sent to the House of Correction for a
month.

New Cattle Route from Thames Haven, by
Rail, to Islington.

Most people are so absorbed by their pursuits that they
have but a hazy knowledge of other callings than their
own. There are millions of consumers, and many thou-
sands of producers of meat in these islande who know

little of the London cattle-markets, and nothing at all of
the importation of foreign animals. If an ordinary Eng-
lishman occasionally allows his thoughts to range from
the inanimate beef, mutton, veal, or pork before him to
the living creatures of which these meats are made, an
involuntary recollection of shorthorn, Ayrshire, Devon,
West Highland, and Scotch polled cattle ; of Leicester,
' South Down, Shropshire, Cheviot, blackfaced, and Welsh
sheep; and of obese Berkshire and gaunt Irish pigs
flits across his mind. Nevertheless, the importation of
hundreds of thousands of sheep and cattle of none of these
breeds, from the continent to various British ports, con-
stitutes a largo and growing trade. To this public atten-
tion has been keenly directed for some weeks in conse-
quence of the prevalence of the cattle plague in London and
elsewhere. The whole subject is being thoroughly investi-
gated, and, no doubt, the present epizootic will be even-
tually productive of benefit to the British meat consumers.
The origin of this disease is ascribed ,to three sources.
Some attribute it to the use of grains and market
refuse in dirty, ill-ventilated London cow-sheds; some,
again, have taken pains to prove that it has been
directly imported from long-infected districts on the
continent ; while others believe that it is generated
among foreign cattle during their transmission to
this country. It is said that, even if put on
board in sound health, they suffer greatly on the voyage
from overcrowding as well as from want of food, water,
and ventilation, and also from being driven some eight or
nine miles from the place of debarcation to the Metropoli-
tan Cattle Market. Those who are interested in the' sub-
ject will remember that, at the meeting of foreign cattle
importers lately held in Newgate-street, it was stated that,
if the cattle could be landed lower down the river, and
brought direct from thence by rail to the market, a large
amount of loss to owners, suffering to the cattle, and
inconvenience to the public would be obviated. Having
been informed last week that Messrs. Phillips, Graves,
Phillips and Co., whO are the agents for the North
German Lloyd's screw steamers, and also for the Nether-
lands Steamboat Company, had for some time adopted
this plan, we have made a personal inspection of its
working, the result of which we proceed to state. The sheep
and cattle from Bremen and Rotterdam are landed at
Thames-haven, about 10 miles below Gravesend. Here they
aro turned into several acres of good pasturage, to await the
arrival of the train that is to convey them direct to the
town in less than an hour, without privation or fatigue.
The Tilbury and Southend Railway Company conveys them
to Stratford, where there is an engine of the North London
Railway Company waiting to bring them on the rest of the
way. This system appears to possess many advantages for
the shipowners, the shippers, and the cattle. The other day
a cattle-laden ship arrived at Thames-haven at a quarter past
12 o'clock p.m., and left in ballast for Bremen at 4 p.m.,
during which time the cattle were disembarked and turned
into the fields. With an ebb tide it would have taken this
vessel a longer time to reach Blackwall, and then she would
have delivered her cattle in a much worse condition than
that in which they arrived by rail. The North German
Lloyds' have five ships of from 60C to 850 tons and the
17eth,exiands two—one of 300, the other 600, to burden—

engaged in this trade. The full-grown cattle are generally
placed between decks, where they have about 96 cubic feet
of space each. The sheep, calves, and pigs (of which last
there are not many), are put on the upper deck. It is ne-
cessary to crowd these pretty close together, in order that
they may not be swayed about by the motion of the ship.
All these animals are inspected previous to shipment by
foreign veterinary surgeons, whose reports are indorsed by
the British Consul, and also on their arrival by profes-
sional inspectors of our own Government. Last year this
firm brought over 30,000 head of cattle, none of which suf-
fered in any way, except from the effects of bad weather.
This, however, is unavoidable. It has actually happened,
when they used to land their cattle at Blackwall, that
they have had to go down the river and out to sea
again, to throw overboard the cattle that had been
killed during a rough passage, and on two occasions they
have been forced to throw overboard 100 live cattle out at
sea. The passage from Bremen, whence the best conti-
nentelicattle come, is about 36 hours. The trucks on the
railway are now kept constantly limewashecl. But these
might be much improved .in construction, and the sheep
and cattle might be much more gently and patiently dealt
with while being forced into them. These cattle are mostly
black and white, though there are some red ones among
them. They have not the level backs and deep square
bodies of our best breeds, but many of them have well-
bred looking heads and horns, mild countenances, good
skins, and fine bone. In a few generations a skilful breeder
could produce a first-class herd from such originals. They
" open" well, and make good meat. The sheep we saw
being put into the trucks bore some resemblance to Che-
viots in head, shape, and appearance, and many of them
were very fat. It is scarcely possible to make this inspec-
tion without being convinced that the importation of
foreign sheep and cattle is a boon to this country, and that
the mode of conveyance we have described is worthy of
general adoption.

THE CHOLERA IN TURKEY

(From the Times' Correspondent.)

CONSTANTINOPLE, Aug. 11.
There is no longer any doubt as to the nature
. of the epidemic which is ravaging this metropolis
; and its neighbouring villages. Cholera in its worst
form is now raging, carrying off daily (scarcely with
any warning) its hundreds of victims, and such is
the panic among the residents that it is fearful to
contemplate the consequences if it continues much
longer. Business of all kinds is almost entirely
suspended ; hundreds are flying in all directions ;
and it is estimated that as many as 150,000 per-
sons have left Constantinople, principally hanials
(porters) and domestic servants. It is chiefly
among the poorer classes that this dreadful scourge
has (up to the present time) committed such havoc.
In the crowded and filthy habitations of the Jews,
among the Galata porters, and now in the crowded
quarters of Stamboul they are dying faster than they
can bury them. Nor have the (hitherto considered
salubrious) villages of the Bosphorus escaped, one
after another they are swept by the pestiferous
malady. Therapia, the summer residence of the
elite of our society, has been particularly afflicted,
and it is now quite deserted ; many who had fled
there for safety have rushed to other places, to be
again driven forth, as one after another the diffe-
rent villages become infected. In fact, such a
cowardly panic exists, that were it not so serious in
its consequences it would be ludicrous. At Thera-
pia the dead and dying were left by their affrighted
friends, who fled as soon as the poor creatures
were attacked, and the noble courage displayed
by some of the gentlemen of the English Embassy
who, amid the panic, searched out and at-
tended the dying and the dead, is beyond all
praise, ministering with their own hands to
the wants of the dying ones, and searching out
those left unburied ; as many as 50 bodies were
found thus deserted. In some cases the doctors
have refused to visit the patients afflicted with
cholera, but I must give the rest credit for the
noble devotion they have displayed in this trying
emergency. Many have succumbed to the disease
and the fatigue entailed upon them. To the Go-
vernment also great praise is due for the strenuous
efforts it is making to arrest the malady and assist
the afflicted ; in some cases nobly supported by
public charity—the Freemasons especially having at
their own expense established ambulances, hospi-
tals, and free dispensaries ; but with all these efforts
many districts are entirely without medical assist-
ance of any sort. In the crowded haunts of Scutari
they are dying in hundreds, entirely uncaredfor, with
no medicines and no doctors to help them. Among
our small English community we have to deplore
the loss of many D. -ti c.ll-izracanlatr--41 face, Is

not surprising, considering the place most of the
..

engineers inhabit (a dirty village near the Arsenal
and Cassim Pasha), in which place the disease firsi
declared itself.

All the Government works are suspended and
disorganised. The arsenal, Tophana, &c., are quite
deserted. The public offices are also almost en-
tirely closed, the Custom-house being only open
two hours a day. In fact, such is the scarcity of

labour caused by the desertion of the hamcrls (por-
ters) that ships have great difficulty in unloading
and taking in cargoes. The once busy streets
of Galata are quite deserted, shops and offices
closed, and business of all kinds quite suspended.
I have no doubt the epidemic has, been much
aggravated by the abject fear of the inhabitants,
combined with the too free use of ardent spirits (of
the worst description), which may indulge in at the
present time, and the unusual heat which now pre-
vails. At Smyrna the malady still continues its ra-
vages, and, if possible, the disorganisation of that
place is worse than Constantinople. At Beyrout,
also, and most of the towns in the Levant, the dis-
ease is committing fearful ravages ; in fact, to such
an extent, that the whole of the empire is per-
fectly demoralised. In Wallachia and Moldavia

the panic is spreading; although by the last
accounts the disease had not declared itself,

the inhabitants were all ready for a bolt on its
first appearance. At Soulina a few cases
have occurred, entirely shutting up all busi-
nesses; ships are detained waiting for their
cargoes, while the lighters refuse to bring
down the river. With all this excitement you will
readily understand that very little attention is de-
voted to politics or speculations. The noisy Bourse,
with its crowds of eager gamesters, is quite deserted ;
even the conversion scheme is postponed sine die.
lam happy to say there has been a diminution in
the number of deaths the last two days, and it is
hoped we have seen the worst of this terrible afflic-
tion.
Accounts from Ancona, in the Opinione of Flo-
rence,'state that from the 15th to the 16th at noon
there were 44 new cases and 28 deaths throughout
the territory. The total number 9f casesup to that
date amounted to 1,799, and the total number of

--
deaths to 243—being little more than one-half. It

must be kept in mind that in all the accounts

hitherto published, the whole territory and not the

_ .
town alone, was meant. A correspondent states
the curious fact that on the 9th a short but violent
storm broke over Ancona, and that immediately
afterwards a great improvement in the public health
became perceptible. Not only did the number of
cases diminish considerably, but the state of languor
and prostration in which the patients lay ceased in
most instances. We beg here to remark that this is
a most important fact, since it goes far to prove the
correctnessof the supposition, already confirmed by
other observations, that the virulence of cholera is
peculiarly owing to the absence of ozone in the at-
mosphere. Now, ozone being electrified oxygen, is
amply supplied during storms; hence the diminution
of cholera atAncona is probably owing to the sudden
supply of that substance produced by the electric fluid
evolved during the storm. We think itwould not be
amiss to test the correctness of this theory by arti-
ficially electrifying the atmosphere of sick wards
during cholera; and as great anxiety is naturally
felt just now about the progress of this terrible
epidemic, we would remind our readers of a series
few
years important experiments instituted in Russia a
years since on a whole regiment of soldiers, by Dr.
Pozmaneki, showing that a tendency to cholera is
even
always preceded by a lowering of the pulse,
down to 40. Hence a careful observation
be
of the
state of the pulse during the epidemic m
use-
ful in averting an attack by a judicious recourse to
tonics and a nourishing diet.

Sic SEMPEB TYRANNIS.—The motto on the Vir-
ginia coat of arms has been changed. " Sic Semper
Tyrannis" has been expunged, and the words "Liberty
and Union" now appear above the Goddess of Liberty
trampling upon the prostrate form of Tyranny. A change
emphatically. for the better. The appropriation of the
words of the old motto by the assassin Booth has made
them odious to American ears.—Evening Journal.