The Sun.
London, England, 1862-11-07 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FR WAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 7, 1862.

PUBLICATIONS.

Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 2 Vols., 215.,
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and Graphic Illustrations,
"CHRISTOPHER NORTH:"
A MEMOIR OF JOHN WILSON,
Late Professor of Moral Philosophy in the University of
Edinburgh.
Compiled from Family Papers and other sources, by his
Daughter, Mrs. GORDON.
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to praise it would be impertinent."—Times, October 27.
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STOCK OF CO7 TON IN AME.RICA.

The following
correspondence has been supplied
to us through Mr. Heywood, secretary of the Cotton
Supply Association at Manchester
Foreign-office, Nov. 5.
Sir,—l am directed by Earl Russell to state to you, for
the information of the Manchester Cotton Supply Associa-
tion, that his lordship has received a report from the United
States to the following effect, viz. :—That, at the commence-
ment of the civil war, the whole amount of cotton in the
South was about 4,200,000 bales ; that about 1,000,000 bales
are supposed to have been destroyed, and that another
1,000,000 will have been irreparably injured from not having
been properly ginned, baled, and stored, and that conse-
quently, when allowance is made for the small portion which
by one means or other has found its way into the market,
the quantity that would be forthcoming if the ports were to
be opened immediately would not exceed 2,000,000 bales.
As regards the crop of 1862, which is not yet picked, it is
not estimated at more than one million of bales, and even
this small amount will probably be so reduced from the dif-
ficulty of obtaining labour for picking, and hemp, and other
necessary material for, baling and storing, that the supply
for the market will be trifling. As regards hemp, however,
it appears.that a good deal is to be obtained from the Blue
Grass Region of Kentucky. It is stated that, if the war
should continue, the land in 1863 will be cultivated for
corn and not for cotton, and that under any circumstance it
would take the cultivators of cotton some time to recover
from the state of disorganisation into which that cultivation
has been thrown.—l am, sir, your ..most obedient humble
servant, G. HAMMOND,
G. R. Heywood, Esq.,
Manchester Cotton Association.

Now Ooloono, Oct. 1.
I have been fa the cotton business upwards of 16 years,
both as a raiser and seller. I understand all about the cul-
tivation of the plant—ginning, pressing, and preparing it
for market, and can classify it. When this miserable contest
began, I had upwards of one hundred thousand dollars
loaned out to the cotton planters, as bans predicted on the
crop of 1861. This I consider a total loss. The planters
refuse to acknowledge any interest on claims, and it will
not be long before they will repudiate both principal and
interest, I am therefore anxious to leave a country in which
there is no security either for life or property. I now make
you the same offer I made to Lord Russell and Sir
Vharles Wood. Having lost a handsome competency here,
I cannot afford to go out as an adventurer ; but if I am
guaranteed an appointment such as will enable me to main-
tain my family in a respectable position, I promise I will
acdoclunrestsreyd to me, care of
y than I expect in
rdeoturnmor.e foAr th
•
f
her British Majesty's Consul, New, Orleans, will have
ceo mb emn eufini coal i omn
prompt attention. I left Mississippi ten days since.
The cotton crop is very inferior, and not over one-third
of the usual quantity of land was planted. The planters
have not had sufficient bagging and rope to wrap up the
crop of 1861, and the cotton is rotting in the woods. It was
hauled out from the gins in the seed, and a large portion is
very imperfectly sheltered. The Government at Richmond
are endeavouring to buy the cotton, giving in exchange the
bonds of the Government, bearing 8 per cent. interest. The
security don't meet with much favour by the planters. One
thing, you need not look for, any cotton from this country
for some years to come. This war has hardly begun, and,
when I assert this, I judge from observations carefully
made, but which I cannot communicate for the present.
The Chairman Cotton Supply Association, '

Manchester•

THE DISTRESS IN LAN CASHIAE.

The Bishop of Oxford has published the follow-
ing letter to the Archdeacons of the diocese, recom-
mending a diocesan collection for the distressed
operatives in Lancashire :

" Cuddesden, Nov. 5.
My dear Mr. Archdeacon,—May I request you to let the
clergy of your archdeaconry know that I recommend them
to bring the needs of our distressed brethren in the manufac-
turing districts before their parishioners, and to make collec-
tions for them in their churches ? In order to make the
appeal as simultaneous as possible, I would suggest to those
to whom it would not be inconvenient to make their collec-
tions on Christmas 41,ay—a day on which our 'thankfulness
for "our blessed Lord'i Nativity, and our own home and
family blessings, may well move us to liberality towards
our brethren suffering, through no fault of their own, from
hunger, cold, and nakedness. To any to whom Christmas-
day might be an inconvenient time, I would suggest, in-
stead of it, one of the Sundays in Advent.
The sums u0u...t..!T ho romitiod to the Manehostior
Relief coinruittee, either through a London banker or
through dick Rural Dean; but in either ease the amount
of the colledtion should be stated to the Itural Dean, that
the total amount collected through .the diocese may be
ascertained.

" I am, my dear Mr. Archdeacon, your faithful friend
and brother, " S. OXON."

THE MANSION-HOUSE COMMITTEE.

Yesterday and on Wednesday together a sum amounting
in the whole to £6,300 flowed into the Mansion-house for
the Relief Fund. Within the last few days there has been
a marked increase in the subscriptions, and for the present
the Long Parlour of the Lord Mayor's residence has been
converted into a kind of bank. On the other hand, large
quantities of cast-off garments, blankets, and flannel keep
pouririg into the depot established by the committee at
Bridewell Hospital, Bridge-street, Blackfriars, from day to
day. Yesterday 28 large bales of clothing, properly sorted
for men, women, and children, were despatched from the
depot to various places in the distressed districts, to which
they are conveyed, free of cost, by the London and North-
Western Railway C
-mnPany—namely to Blackburn, 7 bales;
Wigan, 6 ; Stock_ ort, 6; Heaton Norris, Stockport, 5; and
Glossop, 4.

RECONSTRUCTION OF THE MAP *OF
1V0.R711 AMERICA.

The map of North Ameriejtlas
(From the .Mcchange.) •
been reconstructed
on a variety of plans by several ingenious English
writers during the past few months ; but few of the
speculations advanced are likely to come into ac-
tual being. The subject has not escaped the atten-
tion of AmericanS themselves ; hut, so far, we have
met with but one theory of readjustment which
has been openly discussed. Thcugh, when first
broaehed, it was denounced in violent langusge by
the majority of Northern newspapers, there were
some which treated it very mildly; whilst the
Southern democrats pronounced it "just the thing."
The scheme, which took its rise in Virginia, and was
first promulgated officially by Governor Letcher,
just before the inauguration of President Lincoln,
is to the effect that the Confeddricy be reconstructed
without the New England States, which States, the
Southerners say, have caused all the troubles of the
country, and with which alone, of all the Free
States, the South has any reason to be dissatisfied.
The project was revived just after the battle of
Manassas, and became known in the North in the
form of a report that when Jefferson Davis had
crossed over with the Confederate army into
Maryland, and taken possession of Washington, be
would issue a proclamation to all the States of the
Union, except those of New England, to appoint
delegates to meet and reconstruct the Confederacy,
wiLhurct what is termed the fanatical North-Eastern
section, comprising. Connecticut, Rhode Island,
Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and
Maine.

There are several circumstances which give coun-
tenance to this scheme—such, for instance, as the
recent offer of a separate treaty to the Western
States by the Southern Confederacy; the appre-
hended opposition that will be met by the Federal
tax-collectors when they commence their round ;
and, above all, the identity of Southern and Western
industrial interests—both communities being agri-
cultural and free trade, whilst the, Eastern States
•
are mainly manufacturing and protectionist, Be-
sides this, the South consumes a much larger por-
tion of Western produce (food ansl live stock) than
does the East ; and the principal outlet and
cheapest route for the bulky products of the West
is down the Mississippi and its tributaries, through
the Slave States, to New Orleans. Then, again, the
Southern planters finding it to pay better to grow
cotton than to raise corn and live stock, are willing
customers of the North-west, because the latter
articles can be purchased there at a cheaper rate
than they can be produced in the South. With the
manufactures of the East, however, the case is
the reverse, for protection compels both the Southern
planter and the Western farmer to pay more for
their clothing and machinery than the same articles
could be bought for in Europe.
Other arra
will
vaondsyfe gt
Western
ti est
chamkt
eka e
tetFn eo
s place.
rt
e,
e ft hohssor
awrasoett;
States
nevßtsseha,rwetw, verys a
auttdpytoe i
euvffrereeeoehirsrmatei
pnen fro
m
the
perhaps form
easatruytroerorsabetmldesl
at direction. At first, the whole of the
etNpt
hhvooeaei
Northern
destinyattthtbshiner cnetthat
am
a single Union, in consequence of their ties of con-
sanguinity, and the likeness of their ideas and modes
of life, and for the purpose of mutual defence. But
if the East adhered to its protective policy, the bonds
of friendship would shortly•be sundered by a con-
flict of interests, and the West would " secede" and
establish a separate republic. If the agricultural
States could persuade Pennsylvania and New Jer-
ley to join. theth, amnion would be hastened. This
is not improbable, for the majority of the people of.
Pennsylvania would rather ally themselves with
the West than with New England, and .we are not
sure that the
'citizens of New York would not do
the same. As the
,Western States, by separating
from the Eastern ones, would deprive themselves of
all communication with the Atlantic seaboard, save
through a foreign country, we may conclude that
they will bear with a considerable amount of incon-
venience before they will withdraw from the
Northern Confederacy, unless, as we have hinted
above, they could carry one or more of the Atlantic
States along with them. Should this take place,
the Pacific States would doubtless set up on their
own account, and form a fourth confederacy. The
intermediate territories, or present embryo States,
would perhaps be equally divided between the
Western and Pacific republics ; at least it would
seem that such a disposition would be more con-
ducive to their material interests than to isolate
themselves in the middle of the continent.