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London, England, 1865-12-26 00:00:00

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bound to leave the chair, because doubts' bad
been entertained respecting the validitrtf .his
election. Much will not take place j-ast
yet, for it is generally understood t' ant
I the Diet will adjourn to the 7th of Janus try.

Special committees will have to inquire into the
so-called " reclamations " before the debate; on

he address will begin, so again another hin'Zirance

preoents itself. Some desire to have two addresses,
but the majority disapprove of the suggestion.
" The Royal Speech is a document of the highest
political importance, and one and the same reply
must therefore be given to it by the two Chambers
of the Diet," is the decisive reply by which they
silence the:proposal of dividing the task.
M. Von DEKE appears to show great sense in his 1
mode of dealing with the House ; he is very mo-
derate, and his great influence is always em-
ployed in calming those who get excited in the
course of the initiating discussion in which they
engage. His importance will best be estimated by
the fact that he was sent for by the EMPEROR and
remained with him for an hour, Of course nothing
is officially made known of the nature of the inter-
view, but some declare that they have good autho-
rity for declaring that the result was satisfactory,
and that the great Liberal champion had obtained
a promise from the EMPEROR that he would not lose
patience even if the Diet did not at first accede to

the desires of the Imperial Government. For
the sake of peace, and for the true interests
of Hungary, it is very fortunate that the
man who possesses so much influence over
the turbulent and excited spirits of the Diet
is one of discernment and self-control, and not

one of the fiery agitators who care for nothing so

much as making evident their own power, though
by so doing they create endless confusion, and
awake the storm " that shuts the gates of mercy on
mankind." To his honour be it said, the present
ruler of Hungary entertains a very different
sense of his responsibilities, and prefers to deserve
honour rather than to make the parade of acquiring
The EMPEROR also gave interviews to
•me more of the Deputies, and in every way seems
da be striving to feel his way, and to make things
smooth, before the grand argument begins as to
the disproportion of power, and the modifications of
the Constitution.
Genial and gracious influences are not wanting
to soften down asperities and take the bitterness
from animated discussion and considerable
diversities of opinion. The Empress appears
to be in high favour in Hungary, and nu-
merous have been the wishes expressed that
her Imperial Majesty should visit the scene.
A deputation has gone to Vienna from the two
Chambers of the Diet for the purpose of congratu-
lating the EMPRESS on her birthday, and to invite
' her formally to honour the city of Pesth with her
presence. This shows good feeling at any rate, and
perhaps the visit of his gracious Consort may do
more to favour the plans of the EMPEROR than even
his own manoeuvres and machinations. It is a for-
tunate thing that the desire to welcome the EMPRESS
has been so unanimously expressed, because it fur-
nishes a good chance of a better settlement than
otherwise we might have hoped for.
The EMPEROR has adopted the plan of taking
things for granted, and assuming virtues for the
Hungarians whether they have them or not.
After he had departed, and a most enthusiastic
greeting had been given to him, an Imperial
autograph was posted in all parts of the city. In
this FRANCIS JOSEPH attests the delight he has felt
at his reception, in ingratitude for which he feels he
must afford another testimony. The " hearty
proofs of loyalty" have afforded great confidence
and satisfaction to him, and he is astute enough to
take advantage of the temporary excitement fur-
nished by the eclat of his visit in order to form a
solid basis if he can, and make this visit to Pesth
the corner-stone of the great work which is to
cement more closely the ties between Austria and
Hungary. "It is my firm belief," he declares,
" that the mutual confidence which has arisen during
the joyful days of my sojourn here is the pleasure
of a happy future." This may prove to be a true
prophecy or not, according to the policy pursued
by the EMPEROR. He has now a grand chance
before him, and if he neglect to make the most of
it he will not deserve the pity of any one. Let him
not be led away by the evil counsels of Prussia, but
resolve to act in accordance with the dictates of his
own conscience. He has discernment enough to
know the path he should tread in, and if he swerves
from it he will bring himself and his subjects into
turmoil and discord, instead of leading them in the
ways of pleasantness and peace.

The Anti-Malt-Tax Association are bestirring
themselves in anticipation of the coming session,
and Sin FITZROY KELLY, who has constituted him-
self the champion of the cause, has been renewing
his arguments in favour of its abolition. A meeting
of some importance was held in Ipswich last week,

at which a considerable number of M. P.'s were
present, preparing, apparently, for the evolutions of

the new campaign. The tenant-farmer interest was
also strongly represented, and one of the farmers
was called to the chair. The usual arguments were
brought forward, the grievance was represented
as a very serious one, and the antagonists of the tax
were charged to renew their efforts for its total
repeal. Sir FITZROY KELLY was, of course, the
principal speaker, and he said all that could be said
for his cause. He demanded the repeal on the
principle of free trade. The farmers, he declared,
had suffered both ways. " They had been made the
victims of free trade when the protective duty on
foreign corn was removed, and they had remained
the victims of free trade, and the continuation and
perpetuation of the malt-tax. Real freedom of
trade," continued the learned gentleman, " con-
sisted not merely in the repeal of protective duties,

but in the right to grow, to buy, to manufacture,
to import, to export, to use, to exchange, to
sell, unrestrained by any fiscal or arbitrary
law ; and all that he asked, on behalf of those
who suffered from the burdens of the malt tax
was that the clear, true, and just principles of
free trade should be applied to the malt tax.,,
This sounds very
well and very plausible ; but if
these " clear, true, and just" principles were car-
ried out to their full extent, our revenue tables
would look rather foolish at the end, the
quarter ! Sir FITZROY KELLY hardly wisites we
should imagine to see the national balance-sheet
assume the aspect familiar to the financiers of other
European nations, or to see Englishmen forced to
atone, by heavy direct taxation, for the removal
of all our customary imposts. Undoubtedly the
farmer has as good a right as any one else to the
removal of oppressive and unequal burdens ; per-
haps, indeed, he has even a greater claim on the
Legislature, considering the tardiness of his profits,
and the recent heavy losses which have befallen him.
The great difficulty in dealing with the malt tax is,
however, that it is very questionable how far it will
benefit the farmers. There is good reason to be-
lieve from former experience that the profits of the
repeal or the diminution of the tax will be divided
between brewers and landlords. When the Duke of
WELLINGTON took off the beer-tax, which amounted
to three millions, the public profited by the remova
to the extent of about a farthing a quart, and the