The Sun.
London, England, 1862-07-24 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 24, 1862.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-
TEN DAYS' EXCURSION to the WEST of
ENGLAND. —On TUESDAY, the 29th of JULY,
an EXCURSION TRAIN will leave PADDINGTON at
8 a.m.; and Reading at 9.5 a.m., for WESTON-SUPER-
MA 11.14, Highbridge, Bridgewater, Taunton, WilMon, and
Watchet (for Lynton, Minehead, &c.), Tiverton, EXETER,
Starcross, Dawlish, Teignmouth, Newton, Torquay, Paign-
ton, Brixham Road (for Dartmouth), Totness, Kingsbridge
Road, Plymouth, Tavis ock, Bodmin, St. Austell, Truro (for
Falmouth), Penzance, and other stations on the Cornwall
Railways; returning. en Friday, August B.—For fares, time
of return, &c., see handbills, which may be obtained at any
of the Company's Offices.

THE LONDON AND MIDDLESEX BANK
(Limited).
Incorporated under the Joint-stock Companies Acts of 1556-
7-8, whereby the Liability of each Shareholder is limited to
the amount of his shares.

Capital, £l, 000,e0, in 10,100 shares of £llO each, a large num-
ber of which have been already subscribed for.
Deposit £1 per share on application, and a further payment
of £1 per share on allotment.
It is not intended to call up mote than £3O per share, and
no Call will exceed £5 per share, with an interval of not less
than Three Months between each CalL

DIRECTORS.
The Right Honourable Viscount TORRINGTON, Chairman,
4, Warwick- square, S.W.
Benjamin Bower, Esq. (Messrs. B. Bower and Son, 106, Lower
Lewis Davis,
BDraeywiserEy,sltum6,
T hames- street.)
George Lewis Phipps Eyre, Esq. (Messrs. Eyre and Lawson,
John-street, Bedford-row.)
sGtelaoduc=gardens, Hyde-park, and
Thomas Horatio Harris, Esq., Soap Works, Curtain-road.
Thomas Carlyle Hayward, Esq., 93, Milwries
John Joseph Mechi, Esq., Alderman (Messrs. Mechi and
Bazin, 4, Leadenhall-street, and 112, Regent-street. )
Martin Mulkern, Esq., 66, Clarendon-road 'Villas, and Orien-
tal Club.
James Roberts, Esq. (Messrs. Roberts and Son, 10, East-
cheap.)
(With power to add to their number.)
AUDITORS.
John Henry Cook, Esq., 140, Minories,
And a Public Accountant to be appointed at a General Meet-
ing of Shareholders.

BANKERS.
London and County Bank, 21, Lombard-street.
SOLICITORS.—Messrs. Fearon and Clabon, 21, Great George
street, Westminster, S.W.
STANDING COUNSEL—Henry Jesse', Esq.,l2, King's Bench.
walk, Temple.
BROKERS.—Messrs. Joshua Hutchinson and Son, 15, Angel

court, Throgmorton-street.
Temporary Offices, 69, Cornhill, E.C.

- -
The London tiff Middlesex rsank/rintritedY is established
for the transaction of every description of business usually
undertaken by private and joint-stock banks, and bring in-
corporated under the new principle of limited liability, offers
great advantages to shareholders, inasmuch as no one can be
held responsible for more than the unpaid amount of the
shares standing in his name. . .

The portion of the Capital remaining uncalled will be £7O
per share; and this will form an ample reserve for securing
the confidence of customers.

The Directors of the London and Middlesex Bank (Limited)
have made such terms with an existing London Joint-stock
Bank for the transfer to them of its business, as will place
the new Bank immediately in an advantageous position fbr
paying Dividends.
No liability of the Bank, the business of which is so trans-
ferred, will be incurred by the shareholders in the London
and Middlesex Bank. _ _

Application for the remaining shares must be made on or
before the ist August; after which day no application can be
entertained. _

Prospectuses and forms of Applications for shares may be
obtained at the Temporary Offices, as above, and of the
brokers.

GUARDIAN FIRE AND LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY,

No. 11, Lombard-street,'London, E.C.
Established 1821.

Subscribed Capital, Two Millions.—Paid up, One Million.

DIRECTORS.
Sir MINTO FARQUHAR, Bart., ALP., Chairman.
CHARLES WIL LIAM CURTIS, Esq., Deputy Chairman.
Henry Hulse Berens, Esq., John Labouchere, Esq.
Henry Bonham Carter, Esq. John Martin, Esq.
Charles F. Devas, Esq. Rowland Mitchell, Esq.
Francis Hart Dyke, Esq. James Morris, Esq.
Sir Walter R. Farquhar, Bart. Henry Norman, Esq.
James Goodson, Esq. Henry R. Reynolds, Esq.
Thomson Hankey, Esq., M.P. Abraham Jno. Robarts, Esq.
John Harvey, Esq. James Tulloch, Esq.
John G. Hubbard, Esq., M.P. Henry Vigne, Esq.

AUDITORS.

Lewis Loyd, Esq. I Henry Sykes Thornton, Esq.
Cornelius Paine, jun., Esq. Noel Whiting, Esq.
Thos.Tallemach, Esq., Secretary I SamL Brown, Esq., Actuary

LIFE DEPARTMENT.—UNDER TrrE PROVISIONS of AN
ACT or PARLIAMENT, this Company, now offers to new In-
surers EIGHTY PER CENT. of the Profits, at Quinquennial
Divisions, or a Low Rate of Premium without participation of
Profits.

Since the establishment of the Company in 1821, the
Amount of Profits allotted to the Assured has exceeded in
cash value £660,000, which represents equivalent Reversionary
Bonuses of £1,058,000.
- -

After the Division of Profits at Christmas, 1859, the Life
Assurances in force, with existing Bonuses thereon,
mounted to upwards of £4,730,000, the Income from the Life
Branch £207,000 per annum, and the Life Assurance Fund,
independent of the capital, exceeded £1,618,000.
LOCAL MILITIA and VOLUNTEER CORPS.—No
Extra Premium is required for service therein.
INVALID LIVES assured at corresponding Extra Pre-
miums.

LOANS granted on Life Policies to the extent of their
values, if such value be not less than £5O.
ASSIGNMENTS OF POLICIES.—Written Notices of, re-
•ived and registered.
MEDICAL FEES paid by the Company, and no charge
or Policy Stamps.
FIRE DEPARTMENT.—lnsurances are effected upon
every description of property at moderate rates.
Losses caused by Explosion of Gas are admitted by this
Company.

TEA.—STRACHAN and CO.'S Strong Rough
" Domestic" Black at 3s. 4d. per lb.-26, Cornhill,
London, E.C.

T".—STRACHAN and CO.'S Fine " Inter-
mediate" Black at 3s. Bd. per lb.-26, Cornhill, Lon-
don, E.C.

TEA. STRACHAN and CO.'S Delicious
" Drawing Room " Black at 4s. 2d. per lb.-26, Corn-
hill, London, E.C.
Dr. Hassall's Certificate of Purity, and a Price Current
tree on application, 26, Cornhill, London, E.C.

n S TE 0 EID ON:
V-, What is it? See Patent, March 1, 1862, No. 560.
GABRIEL'S Self-adhesive Patent Indestructible MINE-
RAL TEEM and FLEXIBLE GUMS, without palates,
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Messrs. GABRIEL, the old-established Dentists,
27, HARLEY-STREET, CAVENDISH-SQUARE;
34, LUDGATE-HILL, LONDON;
65, NEW-STREET, BIRMINGHAM; and
134, DUKE-STREET, LIVERPOOL.
INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, CLASS 17.
One visit only required from country patients, Gabriel's
Practical Treatise gratis.
Consultations free.

LITERATURE.

Italy under Victor Emmanuel. By Count Charles

Arrivabene. 2 vols. Hurst and Blackett.
Althoagh the public, through the medium of
newspaper correspondents, have been fully in-
-1 formed of the principal features in the late Italian
campaigns, a consecutive narrative by one so well
qualified for the task as Count Arrivabene is, never-
theless, extremely acceptable. Belonging to a
noble Lombard family, but exiled on account of his
political principles, in 1848, he has become na-
turalised in this country, has attained perfect
mastery over the language, and thoroughly appre-
ciates the value of our institutions. At the com-
mencement of the Lombard campaign he joined
the French and Italian forces as correspondent to
the Daily News, and afterwards accompanied, in
the same capacity, the expedition of Garibaldi in
its progress through Sicily and Calabria, bein g taken
prisoner by the Neapolitans, before Capua, and nar-
rowly
escaping with his life. Moreover, his intimacy
with Cavour, Garibaldi, and other of the Italian
leaders, gave him peculiar facilities for obtaining
accurate information respecting both political and
military eventi., and his narrative may be con-
sidered in every respect trustworthy. Excellent
plats are also given of the principal battles, and
every care has been taken to render the work as
complete as possible, and intelligible to the
general reader. In the introductory chapter
Count Arrivabene gives a slight sketch
of the events which immediately preceded
hostilities, and honestly states his conviction—a con-
viction commonly shared by those who had personal
knowledge of the relative position and strength of
Austrjaand the Italian States,—that external aid
',was atisantely essential to enable the latter to gain
their independence. No one saw this more clearly
than Cavour, and to procure this aid he was forced,
however unwillingly, to sacrifice Savoy and Nice;
and to exchange Austrian influence in the Italian
peninsula for that of France. The indignation ex-
pressel by Garibaldi at this dismemberment of the
kingdom is well known. Indeed he differed with
Cavour from the outset, and it seems to have been
entirely owing to the mediation of Victor Em-
manuel that they acted in unison. But in estimating
his hcstility to the French we must bear in mind
that ii is impossible for him to forget that they, by
taking Rome, were the primary cause of the mis-
fortunes of his gallant band in their desperate
attemat, after leaving that city, to evade the Aus-
trians and succour Venice, from the fatigues of
which journey he lost his wife Anita. That he
could act in harmony with the French was therefore
hardly to be expected, and he was accordingly
giver the command of the Cacciatori della Alpi, and
despatched on a service forwhich he was peculiarly
fitted, that of spreading the insurrection through
the Lombard villages. In this he succeeded per-
fectly, outmanceuvring the Austrian generals, and
preparing the inhabitants of those districts to
welcome the Piedmontese rule. Nevertheless the
real work of the campaign was accomplished at
Magenta and Solferino. Those were the battles
which destroyed the Austrian prestige in the Penin-
suit, and rendered the union of the Duchies with
Piedmont possible. At the same time it is impos-
sibie to praise the heroism of the Sardinian army,
the gallantry of Victor Emmanuel too highly. Thus
" It was in this second action (the attempt of the
Austrians to retake Palestro) that Cialdini's divi-
sion, led by Victor Emmanuel himself, performed
prodigies of valour. The third regiment of Zouaves,
under the command of Colonel Chabron, was
attached to this Sardinian Division, and had a great
share in the victory of this 31st of May; for the
Zouaves captured part of the enemy's artillery,
jumping over the muzzles of the guns. At one time,
the King of Sardinia himself took the lead in the
attacking columns, and threw himself into the very
thick of the action. Several of the officers of his
staff were wounded, and General La Marmora, who
was galloping at his Majesty's side, had his horse
shot under him. The heroism of Victor Emmanuel
on that day was so great that the 3d Regiment of
Zouaves came to the unanimous determination to
elect him their Corporal—an honour similar to that
which, after the battle of Montenotte, haa been
bestowed upon General Bonaparte by the 73d demi-
brigade of the Republican army." With such an
example, no wonder the Sardinians fought well,
and their behaviour offers a marked contrast to
that of the troops and officers of the King of Naples,
as observed by Count Arrivabane, when unlucky
enough to be taken prisoner by them. His account
is so characteristic that we give it in full.
Whilst I was looking at that fratricidal fight, I was sud-
denly roused by a loud shout, followed by a volley of mus-
ketry. The sharp whistle of balls, and the flash of hun-
dreds of muskets, left no doubt that a party of Neapolitans
were coming up the hill behind. Instantly perceiving my
danger, I moved from the place ; but the next moment I
was surrounded by the enemy's riflemen, who, as I men-
tioned in the preceding chapter, had turned Mount Tifata
since the morning. There was nothing to be done—l was
a prisoner without hope of escape. But it seemed as if the
Neapolitans preferred to have me dead ; for, although I was
walking towards them, they kept firing at me, and a bullet
slightly wounded my left leg. I fell, and the men came
up, surrounded me, and took my money, my watch, and
part of my clothes. My watch was positively appropriated
by the officer in command, though it was afterwards restored
by the express orders of the King. One man struck me on
the head ; another gave me so heavy a blow on the shoulder
that, although it was a bright day, I appeared to see all the
stars in the heavens. Had not one of the officers come up,
they would certainly have murdered me. I was a Garibal-
dian, they said, and they wanted to revenge the imaginary
assassinations of their comrades.
The captain having ordered me to follow the column, I
was obliged to do so, though I could scarcely walk. I
begged him to send me to Capua at once, but he would not.
"I am ordered to go up the hill," he said, "and I cannot
detach any of my men ; besides, were I to abandon you, my
soldiers would assuredly kill you. Follow me as well as
you can."

I shall always remember the pain I suffered during those
four long hours. About 20 Garibaldians had also been
taken prisoners by the sharpshooters into whose hands I had
fallen. They, like myself, had been forced to exchange
part of their cicthes for the coat and cap of the Neapolitans,
and, thus dressed, we were ordered to march at the front of
the sharpshooters. " You will thus have a chance of being
killed by your own comrades," said a rabid Sicilian sergeant
to me, when I remarked that such was not the manner in
which prisoners ought to be treated.

The marching column we were preceding by a few yards wa
constantly fighting with Garibaldi's Bersaglieri ; men fell
dead around us, and the scene was one of the most distress-
ing that can be imagined. The Neapolitans, however
proceeded very carefully, as men who were more earnest to,
spare their lives than to perform their duty. Instead of
heading them, the officers kept in the rear, perpetually
shouting out " Avanti, avanti I" but never setting the ex-
ample. It is not to be wondered at if the soldiers, instead
of obeying the order, scorned their officers, and abused
them soundly, calling them cowards and worse. At about
half-past ten o'clock, one of the lieutenants of the par
two
balls, only brave officer of the column struck as
balls, and fell mortally wounded at my side. He was a
fine young fellow of about one-and-twenty. I hastened
to assist him, and implored the captain to allow me to dress
his wounds with my handkerchief. The captain refused,
in spite of the entreaties of his wounded comrade, who
begged me not to abandon him. I offered to give my word
of honour that I would present myself at the Neapolitan
camp as soon as I had brought the poor fellow to Gari-
baldi's ambulance, which was near at hand. All was of no
avail. The wounded officer was hoisted on the shoulders
of two privates, who, ten minutes afterwards, threw him
into a ditch and left him.
Nothing could exceed the disappointment of the
Sardinians at the intelligence of the peace of Villa-
franca, and the demeanour of Cavour on the occasion
is graphically described. " About 12 o'clock next
morning Cavour and his secretary walked up again
to Casa Melchiori with Count Nigra, the steward
of the royal household, and General Della Rocca.
Cavour knew by that time that the great sacrifice
had been consummated. He was exceedingly ex-
cited : his face was scarlet ; and his manners, ordi-
narily simple and easy, were now marked by violent
gesticulations, showing that he had completely lost
his usual control over himself. General Della Rocca
and Count Nigra endeavoured to calm him; but all
in vain. The Premier every now and then took
off his hat with the convulsive movement of a man

whose feelings have been roused to the highest
pitch of exasperation ; and the exhortations of his
friends did little to calm the fury that possessed
him." His interview with Victor Emmanuel was
a stormy one. It was stated that his remarks were
anything but respectful towards the French Em-
peror. He advised the King to reject the terms of
peace, to withdraw his army from Lombardy, and
even to abdicate. Indeed, it is said, and commonly
believed, that his rage went so far as to induce him
to use words which led to his dismissal from Victor
Emmanuel's presence. His resignation immediately
followed, but he was still indefatigable in his
country's service. The author says

Although the resignation of Count Cavour had thrown
the Government of Sardinia into the somewhat less firm
grasp of Rattazzi and La Marmora, the mover of the poli-
tical machinery was still the great Italian who had been
forced by the unexpected peace to retire into private life.
At his country seat of Leri, Count Cavour, though
apparently occupied in the management of his own and his
brother's estates, had as much to do as when his mind was
officially engrossed with public affairs. From that spot,
which stands in the vicinity of Tivorno, close t 3 the railway
between Turin and Novara, Cavour pulled the strings and
prompted the parts of those who were acting on the different
stages of Central Italy, the drama of their country's resur-
rection. It was there, amidst the tranquillity of his farm,
that he received or answered daily the telegraphic messages
or letters sent to him by Farini, Ricasoli, Cipriani, Pepoli,
or Minghetti. Cavour had no secretary to help him; his
surprising activity and energy sufficed for all he had to do.
From his boyhood he had learnt the habit of working hard.
Fond of farming, he got up at three o'clock in the morning,
and thus found time both for duty and relaxation. In a
few hours he would despatch his letters and communicate
with his lieutenants (for such, to a certain extent, were the
rulers of Central Italy), after which he would receive his
numerous guests and attend to the business of his estates.
Sir James Hudson—a man who has done more for the wel-
fare of TnY country than any other foreign friend of Italy—
was amongst the most assiduous visitors of Cavour. Com-
mendatore Nigra, Castelli, and a few others, were almost
daily guests at the Count's country seat. If the able and
patriotic men who directed the helm of public affairs in
Central Italy have deserved well of their country, I believe
they were partly indebted to the statesman who, in his re-
tirement, was constantly watching and gelding the course
of events. Not that I mean to disregard the great fact
that the accomplishment of Italian independence in those
quarters has been the result both of the wisdom of the
ipmeompeledioafteCreuintealrs.ltTalhyertheeismsneolvdesou,bant, dhoowf ability of h
that
Cavour
i
was the very soul of that orderly and determined movement
which has secured the desired end, and that it was mainly
he who thwarted the intrigues of foreign potentates and
diplomatists, such as the missions of Prince Ponialowsky
and M. de Reziet—two active agents of Louis Napoleon.
Even the recommendation to carry out with the utmost
energy the armaments of the Central Provinces, and to
appoint Garibaldi commander of the Central Italian army,
was partly his. _

The second volume of the Count's work is devoted
to the campaign of Garibaldi in the South—a cam-
paign undertaken in direct opposition both to
Cavour and Victor Emmanuel. " A practical man,
as Cavour was, could not have great faith in the
result of an expedition which everybody thought at
the time to be mere madness. He knew besides—
and subsequent events have proved that he was not
altogether mistaken—that even on the supposition
of success, the annexation of the Neapolitan pro-
vinces would rather weaken than strengthen the
newly enlarged Kingdom of Sardinia. ' Let us
organise ourselves—let us have a strong army at
our command—and then we can turn our eyes to-
wards Venetia and the South, and Rome will fol-
low,' was the opinion that Cavour constantly
expressed when he was required to speak upon the
subject of Italian liberty." The marvellous success
which crowned Garibaldi's efforts is now matter of
history. The account reads like one of the Romances
of Chivalry. With an expedition of 1,000 men, he,
in the course of one hundred and twenty-two days,
conquered a kingdom. Although Count Arrivabene
did not accompany the expedition when it first
sailed, he joined it soon after it reached its destina-
tion, and has furnished a description of it complete
in all its details, and of extreme interest. His re-
marks, too, on the characteristics of Southern
Italian life are curious and entertaining ; whilst
his views respecting his country's destiny are hope-
ful without being extravagant. His work will, we
doubt not, conduce greatly to a right understanding
in England of Italian affairs, as well as excite such
sympathy for her cause as to materally aid her
future career.

THE SCOTTISH AUSTRALIAN INVEST-

MENT COMPANY.

The report of the directors to the meeting to be
held on the Ist of August states that the profit
realised by the company's operations in the colony
during the half-year ending Dec. 31 last is larger
than that of the previous half-year, although trade
has continued dull, and there has been no demand
for rem property, and but a comparatively limited
degree of activity prevailing in any branch of busi-
ness. The gross profit realised in the colony during
the above period is £11,964 7s. 6d., to which must
be added the sum of £B6l 13s. ld. received in Lon-
don for interest, transfer fees, &c., making a gross
profit for the six months of £12,826 Os. 7d. A
comparison of the accounts with those issued in the
last report shows that the increase in the colonial
profits of the half-year ending Dec. 31, 1861, over
those of the preceding six months amounts to £1,031
ne. The whole of such profit has been derived
from the ordinary sources of the company's revenue
—viz., rents, interest, and commissions, and nothing
from the disposal of property. The directors pro-
pose a dividend, payable on Thursday, the 14th day
of August next, on the ordinary stock of the com-
pany, £200,000, at the rate of 10 per cent. per
annum, less income-tax, which will require £lO,OOO
and leave at the credit of the reserved fund £8,293
16s. 4d. In the last report your directors stated
that a large tract of high table lands, admirably
adapted for‘depasturing cattle and sheep, had been
then recently discovered in the interior of the colony
of Queensland, and that leases of these lands—now
called "The Landsborough Runs," and consisting o
768,000 acres of fine well-watered pastoral land
(capable of carrying flocks to the extent of at least
240,000 sheep), and 205,440 acres of an inferior
description—had been acquired from the government
on very moderate and satisfactory terms ; further,
that the manager, 'with the well-considered object
of securing to this company a first-class pastoral
establishment, had obtained for them an interest of
one-half of such leases—the discoverer of the runs
retaining an interest of one-fourth, and the re-
maining fourth being divided in equal parts by the
two gentlemen who have become the general super-
intendent of the establishment and the manager
permanently resident on the runs. The directors
now inform the proprietary that a good road has
been discovered, and followed out by the resident
manager, from this fine district of country to Port
Denison ; that the cattle, with which it had been
resolved to stock the rans to a certain extent in the
first instance, will be placed on them well within
the time stipulated by the Queensland Land Re-
gulations; and that the manager, owing to a favour-
able road from the locality where the company's
pastoral establishment will be situated to the port
of shipment having been so readily discovered, and
the advancing settlement of the pastoral districts of
Queensland, promoted as it is by a liberal and in-
creasing supply of labour, anticipates even a more
early stocking of the Landsborough runs with sheep
than he had previously expected would be found
desirable or practicable. The discovery of the road,
as the manager observes, " stamps this investment'
with, so to speak, an assured value that is most
satisfactory." The resident manager arrived at
Sydney from the runs about two months awg
well, With an
reported that he left them looking and
neted o n
abundant supply of grass
and water,
his return almost immediately,
Pen(*)
He
y started
t to
super-
intend the conduct of a large number of cattle to
the runs. The footing thus gained in
part of this rising colony the northern
seems to show that the
company may expect soon to be able advantageously
to extend their operations in that quarter. The

PR1CE.....—..1d.
STAMPED ....sd.

directors have been enabled to issue a consiaera.
They further amount of debentures. have placed
up to the present time £1 J,296 of preference stock,
anfl £88,520 of debentures for periods ranging
from three to seven years (of which £87,670 had
been received up to the 30th June last, and
of
,in the accounts), making together £98,816 f
sup-
plementary capital to be employed by the company
in the colony, irrespective of the reserve fund. A
portion of these subsidiary funds recently raised has ;
been temporarily invested in colonial government de-
bentures to wait the maturity of the manager's drafts
drawn against it, and these securities cocam and higher ,
prices than they cost the company. Daring the firet
quarter of the present year there have been signs of
a returning demand for house property and land,
though the manager has not yet reported any very
decided change in any respect. The Lachlan Dig-
gings, however, were becoming increasingly pro-
ductive, and giving promise of much greater develop-
ment. The production of cotton also seems likely to
supply the colony with a considerable accession of
population, and a new and important source of
industry.