The Sun.
London, England, 1865-07-06 00:00:00

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. minds of our time, a man of practice and not of LATEST INTELLIGENCE
Tins DAY.—Morning, h. m.—Afternoon, 12h. 25m theory, who has spent his days in the office and not
To-Monnow.-Morning, •
12h. 50m.—Afternoon, lh. 12m.
(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)
in the study, and who, as he himself says, has for 35
years of his life spent every day in the actual busi-
ness of government. With an independence quite
consistent with his character, but rare among Par-
liamentary sapients, Mr. MILL declared to the elec-
tors last evening that he had no personal object to
serve by entering Parliament, and however much he
might value the honour of their choice hP
would not become a candidate if he was to solicit
their votes, for he considered the whole "system of
soliciting votes a mistake. It is from no contempt
for the position, no disregard of its opportunities for
exertion that Mr. MILL speaks thus, for he declared
his conviction that "To be selected by a large body of
his fellow-countrymen as the representative of what
was highest in their minds of their consciences, of
their understandings, of their sincere convictions,
and of their patriotic feelings, was one of the highest
honours that it was possible for a citizen of a free
country to receive." The independent and straight-
forward manner in which Mr. MILL has acted re-
specting his electioneering canvas is the best pledge
which the electors can receive that such promises as
he gives will be faithfully kept--that they need fear
no petty tricks, no party devices, but that if as, we
hope, will be the case, they select him as their re-
presentative he will honestly and conscientiously
fulfil to the best of his ability, his duty to them, to
himself, and to the country.

ELECTION INTELLIGENCE.

FRANCE.

PARIS, JULY 6.

M. Drouyn de Lhuys, Earl Cowley, and the
Dutch and Belgian Ministers yesterday exchanged
the ratifications of the sugar convention, concluded
on the Bth November, 1865, which will come into
operation on the Ist August.

PARIS, JULY 6.

According to news received here from Constan-
tinople, the rumour that the Porte will contract a
new loan with the Societe Generale is unfounded.
The Porte had only under consideration an
advance of 600,000 Turkish pounds, on the cession
of a portion of the tithes.

MARSEILLES, JULY 6.

Abd-el-Kader has arrived here.

Letters received from Constantinople to the 28th
ult. state that the Sultan had been ill of cerebral
congestion, but was then out of danger. The Pacha
of Egypt had been received with great honours.
It was asserted that the Porte had conferred upon
him the government and possession of the African
coast of the Red Sea.

BOURSE, July s.—The various markets for stocks
and shares eve again shown symptoms of activity
to-day, and although the quotations of the principal
securities show no sensible modification, the rates
current yesterday have beeß generally well main-
tained. :Threes, for the Account, have held firmly
at 67f. 5c., and Mobilier shares at 697 f. 50c. Italian
Five per Cents. remain unchanged at 67f. 30c., and
Mexican Loan (Old) is now done at 45i. The
markets have continued to improve to the close, the
following being the last quotations :-
4 per Cents 96 Ditto Threes 6B
Do. end month — New Mexican
3 per Cents. 67 121 Do. Bonds 305
Do. end month 67 20 Russian —
Credit Mobilier ... 705 Austrian
Do. end month ... 702 50 Spanish Threes --
Bank Shares 3570 Home Debt —
Credit Fonder 1270 Deferred
Italian Loan 67 25 Roman
Do. end month 67 37
RAIL

It is curious that the application of caloric to the human
system by means of the hot-air bath was neither used by
the Romans nor the Turks as an agencyin the treatment of
disease. It was simply a luxury, felt to be a necessity of
being, and so universally resorted to that sickness was
comparatively unknown. If its effect was in any way cu-
rative, that effect was produced unconsciously. "For the
first time now, and in consequence of what has been done
in England, the bath is dealt with in Turkey as a medical
agent, as appears by a series of articles which has appeared
in the Turkise ..Vedical Gazette." And this is probably duo
to the circumstance that the bath is gradually falling into
disuse among the subjects of the Sultan. The bath ceasing
to be a national custom, disease is becoming more a national
visitation.

It is worthy of observation, as indicating how clearly the
use of heat has been an instinct, that the hot-air bath is
not known in regions where the temperature is so high as
not to make it necessary. In other words, the ordinary
atmospheric condition is a perpetual hot-air bath in the
torrid zone, and the skin is exposed to the healthy influ-
ence of light and heat. The common belief that the
Turkish bath is of Eastern origin is, like most popular be-
liefs, a fallacy. It was introduced into Arabia from Greece,
and Mahomet strove to put it down as effeminate and im-
pure. He coupled it (says Mr. Urquhart) with the grave-
yard, saying, " In these two I have no part." But in Wes-
tern countries, where the body has been artificially covered
up, the bath appears to have been almost universally a
primaeval institution:
" The whole of the north of Europe possesses it in one
shape or another. The Red Indians of America have it;
the Swedes have it ; the Russians have it ; the Fins have
it ; the Tartars, the Persians have it ; the Celtic races pos-
sess the remnants of it in the Irish sweating houses ;
the Gothic races originally had it too. But when you come
down to the South it is no longer to be found."
The use of the bath, however, died out among the na-
tions of the West. Greece now knows it not ; when the
Romans began to decline they too lost it, although Agrippa
alone had built more than one hundred and fifty bath-
houses in the capital, and there was once no Roman camp
'without abundant provision for the daily bathing of the
soldiers in garrison. Mr. Urquhart is of opinion that the
bath is now dying out in Turkey, where it has been pre-
served in sloppy impurity until the present day. Shall it
find a permanent home, under more improved conditions,
in a seagirt island where the Romans themselves have left

so many monuments of their greatness, where the climate
•

is as variable (though not more so) as that of Turkey,
where the inhabitants are prone alike to the diseases of
luxurious indolence and grinding poverty ?
Now let us inquire what are the great purposes to which
the bath is subservient, and what are likely to be its effects
when permanently established and generally utilised
amongst us.

• In the first place, the bath, properly understood, and used
with the precaution arising from its being understood, is
one of the best preservatives against disease. It antici-
pates evil. "Comore agent preventif, je ne crois pas
qu aucun entre puisse tgaler le bain turc judicieusement
dirige." And in this crowding, pressing, business-like ago
of ours, when mon will not find time for exercise, save at
uncertain periods; when day by day are accumulated from
excessive good living the poisons which afterwards mani-
fest themselves in dyspepsia and gout, it is hardly possible
to over estimate the value of a process by which alone man
is taught the true " dignity of the skin." Look at the
shoals of "City men" who pour into London every morn-
ing by rail and omnibus and steamer, and leave again in
the evening, utterly worn by the fatigues of the day.
What is their daily round ? Out of bed early, of necessity,
though tired and sleepy ; a cold sponge-bath—capital in
its way, but not a true bath ; meat breakfast—rush to rail
or omnibus—whirl up to Babylon ; letters to write, busi-
ness of various kinds to transact. Between one and two
o'clock a sensation of exhaustion, met by a hot lunch—in
many cases a real and heavy dinner, with ale and stout,
two or three glasses of shmy, and then again to business.
At five or six o'clock there is a great exodus. Back again
to their country residences go our mercantile community ;
many arms are opened to embrace the well-fed citizens,
and many choice dishes (a second dinner) tempt them to
an indulgence of a most prejudicial kind. Perhaps on a
Saturday our younger friends got a row on the river or a
game at cricket—the elder ones a stroll with their wives
and children. Our citizens grow fat and flourishing, but
they are laying up for themselves the seeds of disease.
There has been no real outlet ; there has been no real eli-
mination from a system unduly plied with stimulants and
with food. If some discreet person suggests a Turkish
bath, the answer may be, " Oh ! I've no time ;" or, "Baths
don't suit me-1 get enough taken out of me in the City ;"
or, "I'm afraid of catching cold;" or, "I'm subject to
rushes of blood to the head ;" or, " Disease of the heart is
in my family ;" and excuses of a similar nature.
Now set aside your prejudices and give the bath a fair
trial. If not a new man after the first, you shall at least
be so after your second and third. Your skin will be
brought into action in a manner which will astound you ;
and those who have analysed the sweat of first bathers
will tell you how much more charged it is with impurity
than that which exudes from the pores of a well-educated
dermal surface. Your body will be "ventilated" for the

first time in life ; its millions of pores shall stand with open
doors and oxygenate all your frame ; and when the pro-
cess has been completed by shampooing and the cold
plunge, you will experience what D'Ohsson happily phrases
thus :—" Un caline et un bien-titre difficiles h exprimer—
une sorte de regeneration, dont le charme est encore aug-
mente par des boissons restaurantes, et surtout par un cafe
exquis." •

We have much pleasure in announcing that Mr.
James Caird will succeed the late Mr. Wingrove Cooke as
Commissioner of Enclosures. This appointment of course
vacates Mr. Caird's seat in Parliament.

His Royal Highness Prince Arthur, accompanied
by the Dean of Westminster and Lady Augusta Stanley,
and attended by his Gentlemen-in-Waiting, visited the
French and Flemish Gallery, 120, Pall-mall, yesterday.

'AU.

Cash. Acct.
Orleans 825 ... 827 50
Northern lO6B 75 ... 1067 50
Lyons and Mediterranean 843 75 ... 840
Southerns 73 75 ... 578 75
Western
Eastern
Sardinian . 305 ... 302 50
Austrian
Lombard 485 485
North of Spain 157 50 ... 155
Saragossa 312 50 ... 310
Ditto to Barcelona

PRUSSIA.

BERLIN, July 2.
Much decision and assurance is constantly dis-
played by this Government in the question of the
Duchies. Not a word is heard of compliance with
the propositions and advice of Austria to proceqd to
a speedy constitution of the new State. The state-
ment is made from various quarters in Govern-
mental circles that as Prussia is resolved, if re-
quisite, to run the risk of the most serious active
obstacles, she will assuredly not permit herself to be
dislodged from her important position by mere
word-fence, or renounce the opportunity of fortify-
ing that position. The Kreuz Zeitung party conk
tinues to declare that the Government will steadily
combat the succession of the Prince of Augusten-
burg to the Duchies, and will offer the most deter-
mined opposition to the constitution of Schleswig-
Holstein as a totally independent minor State.
The policy of the Government unmistakeably
favours the reproduction of the annexation idea.
The notion is now said to predominate in influential
quarters of buying out the other claimants by com-
pensation grants, and of entering into a treaty with
Austria as to an indemnification to be 'agreed upon.
The prospect of uniting the Duchies to Prussia by
way of personal union is believed to be entertained.
Not unimportant testimony to the existence and the
extent of such ideas is afforded by the fact that an
annexation programme upon the compensation prin-
ciple has been openly drawn up by the Conservative
party in the Chamber of Deputies, and that the
great majority cf the Upper House has promised the
Government, for very similar motives, its urgent
support in carrying out the demands of Feb. 22. It
has been pointed out by persons concerned that the
Conservative party certainly would not have made
so marked an advance in this direction, had it not
been certain of finding assistance in corresponding
intentions of the Government.

The Government upon its part reckons upon the
feeling of the country to be able to carry out its
policy. An ardent wish, undoubtedly, exists among
the great portion of the Prussian people to extract
as much profit for their own country as possible
from the Duchies question. Herr von BISMARK
does not fear the Chamber of Deputies as a serious
attack to his plans. If the settlement of the
Schleswig-Holstein question in the Prussian sense
were made the chief battle-cry at the elections, the
popular voice would probably express itself with
an overwhelming majority for the energetic prose-
cution of the Government's claims.

The threat put forward by semi-official organs
that Prussia would not consent to the convocation
of the Schleswig-Holstein representatives so long
as the Prince of Augustenburg remains in the
Duchies is certainly said to express Herr von Bis-
mark's views, but it is not yet decisively clear
whether the Cabinet will continue to maintain this
as a preliminary demand.

Matters at any rate still bear the appearance of a
speedy settlement of the points of difference between
Prussia and Austria not being likely. The recent

ministerial changes in Vienna have aroused fres]

hopes of mutual approach of the two Powers, and
it is now reported that the King will have an inter-

view with the Emperor Francis Joseph upon his
journey to Gastein.

Mdlle. Adelina Patties Concert.

One of the most delightful concerts of the season was
that given yesterday in St. James's Hall by Mddle. Ade-
lina Patti. On the operatic stage the admirers of Patti's
versatile genius, her marvellous finish and fluency, and her
wondrous vocal gifts, are equal in numbers to her auditory ;
it was yesterday her fortune to achieve an equally brilliant
triumph in the concert-room. As a whole, the rich and
lengthy programme (with its many inevitable encores) was
fully carried out. As to Patti herself, she was in
splendid voice and spirits, and surprised by her
willing compliance with every encore, and her grace-
ful variation of style in songs by Italian, French, and
English composers, with a sprinkling of Scotch ballads.
Her first air was Gounod's "Ave Maria." Then came
Bellini's charming polacca from "I Puritani, "Son vergin
vezzosa," which was given with grace and sparkling ani-
mation. In the second part, Mdlle. Patti's next success
was in a playful French composition by La Baronne Willy
de Rothschild, the words by Amine d'Houssaye, " Si vous
n'avez rien is me dire." Yet another encore, when the
smiling singer gave "Home, sweet home," with truth,
pathos, and simplicity. Towards the conclusion of the
programme, the ever-ready beneficiare also sang "La ci
darem," with Graziani ; and the Scotch ballad, "Within a
mile of Edinboro' town," and when the well-pleased audi-
ence would not part with their favourite, she supplemented
it appropriately with " Comin' thro' the rye."
Mario, Ronconi, Gra aiani, Wachtel, and all the stars of
the Royal Italian Opera took part in the concert, which
was an immense success.

EXTRAORDINARY SUCCESS.---THE :CELEBRATED
WHEELER AND WILSON SEWING-MACHINE COMPANY are
exhibiting at the Dublin Exhibition their 200,000 th Sew-
ing-machine. The same has been most beautifully and
elaborately got up.

A letter from-St. Petersburg says:—" Almost the
whole of the diplomatic body is now away. The
English ambassador, the AlinLiters of Prus,sia,Saxony, Por-
tugal, Denmark, and Hanover have for the moment quitted
their posts ; others are making excursions in the country.
The most curious voyage is certainly that about to be un-
dertaken by the Baron de Talleyrand-Perigord, the French
ambassador ; he is going to the north of European Russia,
tracking his way along the lakes and rivers towards the
White Sea ; on those coasts a steamer, sent from Archangel,
will carry him to the Solovetzy Convent, on the island of
that name, at the entry of the Gulf of Onega, and which
played apart during the late war. From this convent the
baron will proceed to Archangel, and afterwards by land to
Petersburg. He think. he may accomplish this journey of
exploration in three or four weeks•