The Sun.
London, England, 1865-01-10 00:00:00

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HER MAJESTY.

OSBORNE, Jan. 9.

The Queen walked and drove this morning.

Her Royal Highness Princess Helena rode on
horseback, attended by the Hon. Emma Lascelles.

Princess Louise drove out.

Their Royal Highnesses the Duke of Nemours
and the Princesses Margaret and Blanche of Or-
leans, are expected at Osborne to-day on a visit to
her Majesty.

ARRIVAL OF PRINCE ART HlR.—His Royal High-
ness Prince Arthur, attended by Major Elphinstone,
landed in Southampton docks on Saturday afternoon, at
three o'clock, from her Majesty's yacht Elfin, Commander
Balliston, en route from Osborne to London. The band of
the Turkish frigate Paiki Nusrot played the National
Anthem, and the frigate's colours were dipped, in compli-
ment to his Royal Highness, as he landed. Lady Caroline
Barrington also came up in the yacht, and proceeded to
London. 4Sir James Clark returned in the Elfin to
Osborne, on a visit to her Majesty.

The Duke and Duchess of Wellington have been
entertaining a select party at Strathfieldsaye during the
last few days.

The Marquis of Downshire has left Be'grave-
square for his seat in Ireland.
The Earl and Countess of Clarendon are about
to receive a succession of visitors at The Grove, near
Watford. Her ladyship will give a grand ball at The

'rove, on Friday next.

The Countess of Fife will leave town to-day on
a tour of visits. His lordship will leave to-morrow on a
visit to Viscount and Viscountess Powerscourt, at Powerr
court Castle, Ireland. Viscount. Duff will leave town the
latter end of the week to resume his studies at Eton.

The Countess of Craven and the Ladies Craven
will leave Ashdowne Park, Berks, to-day, to join the com-
pany about to assemble at The Grove, Watford. The noble
earl will return to town this afternoon.

Lord Dufferin has taken No. 8, Grosvenor-
square, for a term of years; late the residence of Lord

Rendlesham.

Baron de Pierres, Equerry to the Empress, has
returned to Paris from his visit to Holland. He had been
charged, as is already known, in conjunction with 31.
Davillier, orderly officer to the Emperor, to accompany the
Prince of Orange on his return home from Compiegne.

On cut that the Prince of Wales is likely to be-
come the purchaser of the Rushton estate, about three
miles from Kettering. The estate possesses an excellent
mansion, and presents advantageous shooting and hunt-
ing facilities.

OTTO OF ROSE—is thus prepared at Ghazeepore—
The petals of any sweet flower are placed in clay

stills with twice their weight of Water, and the produce is

exposed to the fresh air for a night in open vessels. The
next morning the otto is found cor gealed on the surface,
and is carefully skimmed off. These essences would be very
beautiful if they were pure, but the native distillers being
but little skilled in their art, and sandal-wood shavings to
the flowers to facilitate the extraction of the otto, which thus

becomes tainted with a heavy sandal-wood flavour. Besides
these essences, perfumed oils are also made with some of

these flowers in the following way :—Gingelly oil seeds are
placed in alternate layers with fresh flowers in a covered
vessel. The latter are renewed several times, after which
the seeds are pressed, and the oil produced is found to have
acquired the smell of the flowers. Musk, civet, ambergrioi
spikenard (valerian jatarnans), patchouly, and kus-kus are
also favourite perfumes with the Indians.—Rimmers Book
of Perfumes.

THE MYSTERY OF THE NEBULX resolved by Spec-
trum Analysis—through the Spestroscope.—Perhap3
the most important discovery, and the one that will most
prominently mark the past year in the history of astrono-
mical progress, was recently announced to the Royal
Society by Messrs. Huggins and Miller. This discovery
upsets all the doctrines to which astronomers have pinned
their faith during the present century. Everyone is fami-
liar with the term Nebula,, an expression employed to de-
signate certain misty masses of matter from which ligh t is
emitted, and which can only be examined with the aid of
the most powerful microscopes. These bodies, which op'
pear as shapeless clouds of light at immense distances from
the earth, have been of late years studied and observed by
all classes of astronomers ; and, more recently, they have
been regarded as being simply huge clusters of fixed stars,
which, on account of their enormous distance from us, tir
pear blended together into a confused mass. Watchful
observers concluded as we have said ; and it has been for
years the delight of astronomers to "resolve," as they
termed it, these nebulae. Since, however, thanks to the
researches of Bunsen and Kirchoff, a new system of therm'
cal analysis exists, by means of which we can tell from the
light which a body emits what is the nature of its compo-
sition, and since this method has been put in practice in the
case of the sun and fixed stars, showing in them a consti
tution closely resembling that of our earth, Messrs. Hug-
gins and Miller determined to put the light of the nebula'
to a similar test. They have done so. The spectruo
analysis of the nebular light has been accomplished, and,
wonder to tell, it has revealed the presence of only one a
two elements, and these are gases. In the spectrum pro'
duced by the light of these quasi-suns the bands corm
sponding to the various substances which compose tba
solid mass of our earth were absent, and the only indica-,
tion of any element whatever were two lines, which, pro—
bably, point to the presence of nitrogen and hydrogen'
Hence, the conclusion is inevitable that the nebuhe are
most probably enormous masses of luminous gases or
vapour. This important conclusion, which is one of tho
most remarkable that has been for a long while arrived 01
brings astronomers back, in some degree, to the peculiar
views of Laplace, as expressed in his " Nebular Hype-
thesis.—Lcmclon Review.
A SHIELD FOR ACHILLES !—Who are responsibla
for the due conservation of the public statues of,
London ? 1 would especially draw their attention to the
disgraceful state of Achilles, in Hyde-park. The railingC,
which formerly inclosed and protected our public monti-
ments have been, in many cases, removed, and this statue
of Achilles affords a lamentable instance of the result of
such removal. During the present year, a fellow -was
caught by the police in the act of stealing from the pales
tal some of the raised metal letters. Soon afterwards I
saw some urchins scrambling up to the statue, by using 1,3
steps the letters which still remained. To-day I see that,'
of the inscription, commemorating the erection of th'
statue in the reign of George the Fourth, not a single late "
remains ; and the pedestal is become a playground for idle',
boys. Now, as a matter of taste, I think this Achilles do'
testable. It is a slightly altered copy of one of the figure'
holding the horses of Marly. The originals are, I belieV
in Italy. Besides the want of originality, it seems to 111'
as absurd to commemorate the Duke of Wellington ill;
erecting a statue of Achilles, as it would be for us to coin
memorate Achilles by a statue of the Duke of Wellington'
But this is a point of taste, about which others may cliff of
from me; certain it is, that the monument was a nation"
one to the memory of our greatest general, and it behove;
the anthorities to protect it from spoliation and indignitie:
It is, at all events, more creditable to the country than th'
hideous jumble of cloak, hat, and mule-like horse, whie
weighs down the arch on Constitution-hill.
THE MILITARY • OBITUARY OF FRANCE for the'
year 1864, published by the Moniteur de l'Armee.
—The French army lost by death during that period one
Marshal of France—the Duke of Malakoff—and the gene:
rals of division the Marquis and Count Grouchy, sons c",
the Marshal, both cavalry officers and both distinguished
in the wars of the first Empire. The elder, Victor d°
Grouchy, was grand officer of the Legion of Honour, and
the other, Alphonse, commanded the 12th Regiment al
Chasseurs at the battle of Waterloo,where he was wounded'
After them are named the generals of division Marquis 01°
Castelbajac, senator, and former Ambassador at St. Peters'
burg ; Baron Letang, senator ; Count de Lagrange, senior
general of division, who was promoted to that rank i°
1814, and who made all the campaigns since the ye°r,
1809 ; I'ellion, one of the most distinguished and learned
of Staff officers, which corps he entered in 1818 ; De Co'
tigis, a long time president of the Commission of Stall'
Officers; and Thiery, an officer of the first Empire, why
distinguished himself in his profession from 1807 to 1854'
France has further -to regret 12 generals of brigade NvO
died last year—all distinguished by their brilliant services-
Their names are Tardiere de St. Aubanet, Moreau, I[3l-sroY
do Closmadeuv, D'Arlincourt, Tuscan de Terrail, Cl'r
tophe and Eugene Lemaire, Imbert de St. Arnaud, ye;
launay, Le Barbier de Tinan, Marion de Beaulieu, tin"
Paillot. To these are to be added Inspector-Commissar'''.
General Fourrier, Commissaries-General Count de BoiOli
d'Anglas, Robert and Roch Gaston ; Colonel Augayal, °
Engineers, and former Professor of Fortification at the
Military School of Metz, conservator of the galley'
plans at the Invalides ; Grandvallet, colonel of Chasseurs'
Chapiron, Dumas, Champmontant, colonels of infantrit
and Martin, colonal of Zouaves, killed in one of the itl",
actions in Mexico.
GOLDSMITHS' HALL.—A deputation from a publioa
meeting of watchmakers and jewellers, comprising tba
officers of the British Horological Institute and others, h",
an interview on Friday, the 6th inst.; at the GoldsmitlOf
Hall, with the wardens of the company, on the subject °
an improved system being adopted of assaying, mark:ll3f,
and charging for gold and silver cases and jewellery',
meet the competition of the foreign producers and
requirements of the public. The Prime Warden prouli6‘l
the careful consideration of the company to the quest'o_vt
and that an early answer as to their decision should
.0;
sent to Valentine Knight, Esq„ the president of the Dritl
Horological Ingtitute, who headed the deputation,