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)F4l`ria"A

LONDON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 25,- 18657

In fulfilment of the pledge given by the Gover-
nor-General, the Canadian Parliament had scarcely
assembled, when the report of the Delegates who
visited this country was laid before the members.
It is an interesting document, clearly expressed, and
summarising very lucidly the conversations Which
took place between the colonial representatives and
the Home Government. It begins by reminding the
Governor of the circumstances under which the De-
legates were despatched to England in April last.
It is no secret that the aspect of affairs in the United
States had given rise to very serious uneasi-
ness respecting the defenceless position of
Canada, and the Home Government had several
times urged upon the Canadian authorities the
adoption of protective measures. These protective
measures, however, were expected to entail increased
military obligations upon the colonists, and though
the Canadian Ministry were prepared to consider
such a necessity, they thought that it
would be wise to arrive at a distinct
understanding with the Home Government
as to the relations of the mother country and the
colonies, and the share of defence to be borne by
each in care of war. The prospect of the confede-
ration of the States, which considerably simplifies
the defensive system of the provinces, rendered it
more desirable to obtain an early settlement of all
these matters. When it is remembered that it is a
party in this country, though perhaps a small one,
which is always ready to begrudge every penny
expended on our colonies, forgetting the wealth
which they indirectly supply to us, and which is
prompt in declaring that the colonies should
bear their own burden, and will shrink from the
necessity of protecting themselves so long as we do
it, we shall fully agree with the Canadian Ministry
as to the wisdom of obtaining a clear settlement
by which " all ground of irritating and hurtful
reproach" should be avoided. The mission to
England was hurried on by the disturbances on
the frontier, the threatening attitude assumed by
the American Government, and the notice respect-
ing the increase of the naval force on the lakes.
The New Brunswick elections, which were adverse
to the Confederation scheme, and the reluctance of
the Canadian Government to propose a vote for
defensive works at Montreal while Upper Canada
was left defenceless, further hastened the move-
ments of the Delegates, and accordingly in April
last they started for England, where a committee of
the Cabinet was appointed to confer with them.
The members of the Committee were the Duke of
SOMERSET, Earl DE GREY AND RIPON, and Messrs.
GLADSTONE and CARDWELL, and these gentlemen
gave the most careful and courteous attention
to the various questions submitted to them by the

Delegates.
The first point discussed was the confederation of
the Provinces, and on this the Canadians receive
very cordial assurances of approval and support:
The Intorcolonial Railway was naturally mentioned
in this part of the discussion, when the imperial
guarantee of a loan for that work was
willingly given. Then came the important ques-
tion of the military relations between the colony
and the mother country. Before entering upon
details the Delegates asked for a rep ort on
the whole subject of
the defence of Canada,
with plans and estimates from the best naval
and military authorities. This report was confi-
dentially communicated to them, and they de-
clare it to be calculated to remove all doubt as to
the security of the country " so long as the hearts of
our people remain firmly attached to the British
flag, and the power of England is wielded in our
defence." The plan for the defence was cordially
approved of by the Delegates on behalf of Canada,
and the discussion then proceeded to the relative
shares to be undertaken by the Imperial and by the
Colonial Government. The colonists, notwith-
standing their willingness, were, it was urged by
the Delegates, in an awkward position, owing to
many adverse causes, such as the effects of the
American War on their commerci,.l relations, and
also the general feeling of insecurity, which had
been greatly heightened by the indiscreet assertions
of the defenceless state of the country rashly made
in the British Parliament. On this subject the
Delegates were hurt and indignant, and frequent
reference was made to it. They pointed out to the
Home Government that great additional strength
would be given to Canada by throwing open the
north-western territories to free settlement. With
large and enlightened views, which show true states-
manship, they rely rather on the development of the
country, the increase of the population, and the cul-

tivation of the unsettled portions for ultimate
protection than on any mere defensive works. Such
measures as these could be carried out without cost
or risk to the British Exchequer ; and we trust that
whatever the intermediate means adopted, these
ends will be kept steadily in view. The north-west
territories, which were brought under discussion at
a later period of the conference, are hampered by
the old charter of the Hudson's Bay Company, who
without any right to possession hold a monopoly
which fetters the energies of the colonists, and
Isacrifices vast tracts of magnificent land to idleness
and waste. No doubt private interests have tended
to the renewal of this monopoly, but there
is certainly no excuse for the Government
having allowed the present Hudson's Bay
Company to purchase the entire property
of the old company only two years ago. They paid
a million and a half for it, and are not, of course,
likely to abandon their prize very easily. The
colonists, therefore, propose that the whole of the
British territory east of the Rocky Mountains and
north of the American and Canadian lines, should
be made over to Canada, and that any compensa-
tion proved to be justly claimed by the company
should be met by a loan guaranteed by Great Bri-
tain. This short and simple way of settling the
difficulty is undoubtedly the wisest and best course
for the colony, which thus avoids a long and costly
litigation, but the claim of the company will, it is
feared, be wrong. Let this be a warning to our states-
men to be less easily influenced in future to sanction
territorial monopolies. The Reciprocity Treaty and
other points were fully discussed, and it was finally
decided that, if the Canadians undertook the de-
fence of Montreal and the training of their militia,
the Imperial Government would complete the for-
tifications of Quebec, provide the whole armaments,
guarantee the loan required by Canada, and, in
the event of war, undertake the defence of
every part of the colony with all the re-
sources of the empire. This is no light pledge, and it
is a more powerful protection to Canada than any
forts or armaments. The delay in the confederation
of the provinces rendered it advisable to take no
steps to bring these proposals before the Imperial
and Provincial Legislatures this year; but it
was resolved that if circumstances should ren-
der it advisable for Canada alone to under-
take the works of defence, her application
for the requisite loan would be listened to.
The English Government have met the delegates in
a cordial and friendly spirit, have listened fairly
to their arguments, weighed their statements, and
finally to have promised them as much support and
assistance as they could reasonably expect. The
assurance that the Home Government are prepared
to defend Canada with all its resources was re-
ceived with especial satisfaction by the delegates,
who refer to it in a special clause. They have no
doubt also been able during their visit to ascertain
the sentiments of the people of this country, and will
have gone back cheered and encouraged by the
knowledge that the sympathies and interests of
England are heartily enlisted on the side of her
young and enterprising settlements.

It is really a satisfaction to peruse the comments

which are made in the French papers concerning the
Austro-Prussian Convention. So much has this
matter been hushed up, or made the best of, that it
is quite refreshing to meet with remarks that are real
and earnest, and that deal with the question in the
right manner. The French Press has now spoken
out in a determined style, and aptly characterised
the course of events which has taken place in Ger-
many. The Temps, of last night, in dwelling on
this all-important and engrossing topic, observes
that "it is now no longer a question of nation-
ality, but oppression and confiscation which

authorise every reprisal." What can form a better

description than this of the present aspect of affairs,
and how can the conduct of the two great Powers
be more truly epitomised ? It is in verity a per-
fect system of oppression, and a prolonged
cause of confiscation, which we have to observe
in this Austro-Prussian affair. What can exceed
the extent of the injustice of these German diploma-
tists, and what language can be too strong in which

n stigmatise their conduct ? The Temps goes on

to say very emphatically that, " If LAUENBERG suits
Prussia, a similar point, the Rhine, may suit France;
and France might appropriate it with equal right."
This is quite an analogous remark, and its just-
ness must strike everybody. In point of fact, all
the other great Continental Powers of Europe might
just as well declare that they require this conces-
sion of territory, or would be glad to possess such
a city or fortress; and what could be urged against
their putting their designs into practice and gratify-
ing their desires to the utmost that may not, with
equal force and propriety, be uttered in respect to
this great appropriation scheme of Prussia, aided
and abetted by Austria.
It is quite an insult to the common sense of

the other nations of Europe that such a manifest
piece of injustice should be planned and put into
execution by the designing States, and it is a great
scandal that in these days of enlightenment and
progression such a retrograde step should be taken.
By sanctioning this usurpation of popular rights,
and trampling on the rights of the subject, the
German Powers have not only forfeited all the
good opinions which they had gained by the adop-
tion of a more liberal policy soma years back,
but they have incurred the lasting contempt
and scorn of all the independent countries.
Wherever honour and justice are reverenced,
there must the mean and selfish, the cowardly
and oppressive course of Prussia be reprobated. It
would have been bad enough had her intentions
been set forth at the outset of this affair of Schles-
wig-Holstein, and the world been allowed to realise
completely the motives and desires which are now
made so patent by this last convention signed at
Gastein. This triumph of craft and consummation
of tyranny was kept secret for a long time after it
had been fully determined upon, and, trusting to
one influence and another, to the doctrine of chance
and the effect of time, these German despoilers pur-
sued their way, until by tortuous roads they arrived
at their wished-for goal.

They may, however, presume too far in their
supposition that the length of time which they have
taken to mature their schemes has allowed the
'
matter to drop out of discussion' and turned
peoples thoughts into another direction. There are
many who will not be
who fully appreciate th sequences e':
consequences
fortunate transaction. They realise t
utter-
most the evil effects of such wanton splia
are bewildered by the so n of this un-
fortunate hoodwinked, and
oo thetj on, an a
sophistries of Berlin casuists,
or the wiles of Vienna diplomatists, into believ-
ing that wrong is right, or treachery means
straightforward conduct. It is a very good thing
that the writers of the French press have the sense
and courage to speak out, and to censure in proper
terms the opprobrious course pursued by the Ger-
manic Powers. It is of the utmost consequence
that a fair estimate should be formed of the nature
of the schemes of annexation, and that the real
truth and exact meaning of the conduct of the
allies should be made manifest. Prussia is pur-
suing a very dangerous course, and playing a
game that may yet cost her very clear in thus
ignoring the wishes and destroying the opinion of ,

France. From that Power she will one day reap
the reward of heriniquitous doings, and it will be
the Nemesis of the injuries of Denmark, and the
wrongs of the people of Prussia, whose constitu-
tional rights are being trampled under foot, and
whose privileges are sequestrated to suit the fancies
of the authorities. It is a mistake to think that
tyranny and injustice are condoned became their
effects are not immediately visible. They are not
dead but sleeping, in many instances, and it is
against all the dictates of wisdom, and contrary to
all the rules of experience, to believe that in this
notable case of Schleswig-Holstein no harm will
eventually ensue to those ruthless oppressors who
have acted throughout in so harsh a manner.
Nothing can possibly be said to explain away or to
excuse the schemes of the German Powers ; from
the outset of the affair they have deliberately
plotted and planned to ruin Denmark, and to check
the course of constitutional freedom in Germany.
The unfortunate Duchies have been made the
holocaust of their ambitious designs, and
as the proceedings have been betrayed and
deceived in the most bare-faced fashion ; it is now
too late to interfere, either to protect the much-
talked integrity and independence of Demark, or
to stop the wholesale plan of confiscation pursued
by the combined powers of Germany ; nor is it
now out of place or time to comment upon the
infamous character of the affair, and those who
censure in unmeasured terms, and indignantly re-
pudiate the present course pursued by Prussia, only
anticipate the verdict of posterity, for the bad opi-
nion now entertained of such a policy will be truly
borne out by the events which history will record.

BANK OF FRANCE.

PARIS, AUG. 24. ,

The following is the return of the Bank of France
for the week ending to-day, together with the cor-
responding figures of the previous account :

DEBTOR.

Aug. 24.
fr.

Aug. 17.
c. fr. c.
182,500,000

Capital of the Bank 182,500,000
Profits in addition to
capital (Art. 8, Law;
June 9, 1857) 7,044,776 02 7,044,776
Reserve of the Bank
and its branches
Reserve in landed pro-
perty 4,000,000
Notes in circulation ... 879,828,825
Banknotes to order and
receipts payable at
sight
Treasury account cur-
rent creditor
Current accounts, Paris 158,163,408 90 170,862,745
Do. branch banks
Dividends payable 1,834,422 75 2,037,233
Discounts mad sundry
interests
Rediscounted the last
six months
surplus of receipts not

22,105,750 14 22,105,750 14

4,000,000
877,849,725

8,176,980 35 7,873,722 48

1,427,623 17 1,427,623 17

distributed -
Sundries

- -
10,492 907 32 10,938,371 76