The Sun.
London, England, 1862-03-12 00:00:00

mE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NIA.RCH 12, 1862.

would have harmonised better with the policy of
the French EMPEROR, he (the Baron IticAsoLT)
might still have remained in office as the powerful
chief of that growing and strengthening nationality.
His rival and successor, M. RATAZZI, instead of
occupying, as he does now, that lofty and difficult
post of the Premiership, might still have been hun-
gering and thirsting for authority as First Minister
of VICTOR EMMANUEL, might still to that end,
with that one aim and object in view, have con-
tinued to blurt out piecemeal his "private and con-

fidential" correspondence with the famous dead and

gone organiser of the newly-created kingdom of
Italy—the Count CAVOUR. Circumstances have
ruled it, as we know, otherwise. And this, in the

first instance, because the late Prime Minister o

Italy, the Baron RICASOLI, would not condescend
to revise his policy at the dictation of the Emperor
NAPOLEON 111. Rather than yield to that extent
to the enigmatical arbitrer of the destinies of the
Roman peninsula, RICASOLI resigned. Rather
than continue to hold nominally only the
rank ho had been holding hitherto, in very
deed and truth, the late Premier of Italy
gave in, as we know, his own resignation and that
of his colleagues in the Government. His successor,
M. RATAzzi, has assumed the reinswhich have thus
been voluntarily yielded up with so much calmness
and dignity by the Baron RICASOLI. A different
future is opening up to the new nationality and to
the Parliament at Turin. The ex-Premier has
there explained his resignation. His successful
rival has unfolded the programme of his new-born
Administration. And the sitting which has but
just now witnessed this double eclaircissement
has certainly, in many of its incidents, not been
without its significance. Those who witnessed the
spectacle lay stress especially upon the timidity, the
hesitation, the confusion both of tone and manner
marking the Ministerial explanations of the newly-
installed Administrator, President of the Council,
and Minister for Foreign Affairs—in other words,
Prime Minister of Italy—the third Premier since
the establishment of the new Sovereignty—C./M.IM
being, as history will henceforth record it, the
First, yea, facile princeps—RicAsom the Second—
RATAZZI the Third. Death cut short the career of
the great and astute statesman to whose genius,
quite as much as to the sword of NAPOLEON 111.,
the Italians owe their political emancipation,
A dictate no less inexorable with some, the
lofty and austere dictate of Honour, has
peremptorily closed for CAVOUR'S successor, the
Baron RICASOLI, that same career of Minis-
terial chief and supreme administrator of the
newly-organised nationality. Fallen Ricasou
has, but voluntarily and with dignity—his honour
untarnished, his ccnsistency maintained, his name
and fame respected even by his antagonists. The
noble and haughty oration with which he bade
adieu to power the other day in the Italian Parlio.-
liament—while addressing that great legislative
and representative assemblage in language of the
severest reproof and reprehension—how was that
farewell harangue greeted by its hearers? Why,
in a manner that no less nobly became them as
admirers of political integrity—with thunders of
acclamation ! The Baron RICASOLI retires to his
olive-gardens and his vineyards covered with the
respect and sympathy of friends and foes alike—
another pure and lofty, though an unsuccessful
and even defeated, CINCINNATUS.

ARRIVAL OF 71/ ViCTO.RIA
2BANSPORT.

PLYMOUTH, WEDNESDAY MORNING

The screw steamship Victoria, Captain Ander-
son, arrived this morning. She left Queenstown
Feb.. 14, with the head-quarters of the 96th
Regiment, 21 officers and 529 men, and has been
as far as lat. 37 N., long. 28 W., and bore away
February 24, for Fayal, where she arrived on
the 28th, and left on the 6th instant for Eng-
land. Her log states, February 15th and 16th,
heavy squalls and snow from the S.E. ; 17th,
the same from the N.W. ; 18th, the boats'
davits carried away by rolling ; 19th, hailstorm ;
20th, sea struck starbord baw and washed away
sidehouses and bulwarks on both sides; 21st and
22d, N.W. gales ; 23d, stopped engines, on starting
again the cylinder bottom cap split, disconnected
starboard engine, ship leaky; 24th, 6 a.m. moved
ahead with port engine, at 6.15 a.m. the water put
out the engine fire and gained on the pumps, all
hands engaged, assisted by the troops and officers,
heavy gale from S.W., with high seas and squalls.
bore up for Fayal, where she arrived on the 28th;
from Fayal she has experienced strong gales from
W.S.W., with thick weather. The surveying ves-
sel Swallow, from the eastward, arrived in the
Sound this morning.

The Hamburg mail steamer Teutonia, which lefi
New York on the 22d ult., is now several days overdue.

-.-
The steam frigate Eldorado left Toulon two days
back for Alexandria, having on board numerous military
passengers, an immense quantity of war stores for Cochin-
China, and a complete siege battery.
The Jourdain, just arrived at Marseilles from
Algiers, had 150 Arabs on board, all going on a pilgrimage
to Mecca.

RESPITE OF HALL, THE OXFORD MURDERER.-
Yesterday afternoon a communication was forwarded to the
governor of Oxford gaol that the Home Secretary had, after
a review of the circumstances of the case of Hall, convicted
at the last assizes of the murder of a gamekeeper, advised
that the clemency of the crown should be extended, and
Hall accordingly stands respited during her Majesty's plea-
sure.

--- -
RESPITE OF TIM NEWCASTLE MURDERER.—Sir
G. they has had under his consideration the circumstances
connected with the case of George Clark, who was con-
victed at the last Newcastle assizes of the murder of Mr.
Mark Frater, the tax collector, and has thought fit to ad-
vise that the unhappy man be respited during her Majesty's
pleasure. An official intimation of Sir George- Grey's de-
cision was forwarded to the governor of Newcastle Gaol on
Monday night.
FALL OF A HOUSE IN HOLBORN.—Shortly
before eight o'clock last evening great excitement was oc-
casioned in the immediate neighbourhood of Little Turn-
stile, Holborn, by what at first appeared the fall of several
houses, bearing with therm their inmates. When the dust
had somewhat subsided it was found that the premises 291,
IlighHolborn, bad fallen in. It was known that Mr. Prew,
a tailor and clothier, the proprietor of the premises, em-
ployed about 20 persons upon the establishment, and in-
quiries were at once set on foot, when it was ascertained
that every person had escaped without injury. It appears
that a peculiar cracking noise was heard at an early hour in
the morning, of which no notice was taken, and during
the day nothing more than usual occurred, but shortly be-
fore the time above-mentioned a cracking noise was heard
by some of the men, who at once cautioned their fellow
workpeople, but had scarcely done so when the whole of
the four floors fell with a fearful crash. The front wall of

the house was left standing.
M. BLONDIN AT LIVERPOOL.—NARROW ESCAPE.
—"The Hero of Niagara" gave a display of his remarkable
feats at the Theatre Royal, Liverpool, last evening. " The
excitement of the whole display," says the Mercttry, " cul-
minated in the last item of the programme—the artiste
car, a man on his back along the rope ; and this ex-
citement was still further increased by the occurrence of an
accident which was well nigh being attended with very
serious consequences. To a dead certainty,' as the saying
gocth, M. Blondin will proceed with his unrivalle exhi-
bition of skill and daring' until he breaks his neck, and
perhaps that of some ono else, and that unfortunate
climax was nearly being arrived at last night. The high
rope was stretched from the middle of the gallery to the
back of the stage. In front of the gallery is an iron
railing, and upon this the rope rested. N. Blondin had
carried his assistant on his back in slings from the stage to

the gallery, and was about to return, when the moment
they had passed the railing in question it gave way, caus-
ing the rope suddenly to fall about two feet, and jerking
the two men from it. They fell backwards, and might
have been injured by the fall, but fortunately they alighted
in the arms of the people yclept the gods,' and thus
escaped any harm. Had the voyagers been but a yard or
so further along the rope over the pit they must inevitably
have been dashed to the floor. Blondin displayed admi-
rable presence of mind. As though nothing at all had
happened he picked himself and his burden up, and not-
ivithstaiTaing the slackening of the rope by the accident,
conveyed him in safety to the opposite extremity amidst the
cheers of the audience,"

LATEST NEWS.

PARIS, MARCH 11, EVENING.
In the Corps Legislatif to-day Baron David op-
posed the views of M. Favre.
M. Keller denied that there was any ground for
the complaints accumulated against the Papal Go-
vernment. He maintained that the unity of Italy
was a Mazzinian idea, alike hostile to the Church
and to France.

M. Keller asked for a distinct explanation whe-
ther a vote of confidence was required, with the
object of prolonging the occupation of Rome, or to
support an arrangement the rejection of which
would bring about the withdrawal of the French
troops. He considered it impossible to vote the
Address this year.

PARIS, MARCH 11, EVENING. 1
The debate upon the Address to the Emperor
was continued to-day in the Corps Legislatif.
M. Favre brought forward his amendment to
Paragraph 4, relating to the affairs of Italy. He
considered the policy of the Government uncertain
and dubious. The language held. by the Govern-
ment and its policy leave so many interests in sus-
pense that the representatives of the country could
not but entreat the Government to relinquish a
position which furnished a pretext for accusations
of duplicity, for at Rome it was in presence of two
irreconcileable principles. 2,1. Favre opposed the
occupation of Rome. . .

The Patrie of this evening states that the mis-
sion of General Scott to Mexico has been under-
taken to conclude a convention with Juarez allow•
ing an immediate indemnification of the Powers
It considers that this would prove a real protec.
torate.

The PayB pretends to have received information
hat the Allies have advanced without opposition to
the vicinity of Mexico.

GENOA, MARCH 10.
The Provvedimento Committee, in its sitting of
to-day, elected Garibaldi as its President-in-Chief.
A letter from Mazzini having been read, Gari-
baldi was authorized to demand his recall from the
Government.

The Committee has adopted the principle of
universal suffrage, and will address a petition to
that effect to the Italian Parliament.

ROME, MARCH

Last night, after the solemn reception of the
French Ambassador by the Pope, a grand demon-
stration took place.
All the Cardinals, the entire personnel of the
Papal Court, the members of the diplomatic body,
the Roman nobility bringing flowers, with some
citizens and numerous strangers, assembled.

A great crowd collected today before the resi-
dence of the Marquis de Lavalette, which was de-
corated with rare magnificence.

CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN
MAILS.

The Sultan, with the above mails, left Malta for
Marseilles on the 10th inst., at 5 p.m.
The Pera, with the heavy portion of the mails,
sailed at seven the same evening. She may be
expected at Southampton about the 19th inst.

relation between the peasants and the landowners
arrived at. The latter.have shown the most gene-
rous and friendly disposition to benefit their less
fortunate countrymen, and thus the bonds of mutual
attachment, as the children of the same
cruelly oppressed country, have been strengthened
and rivetted. For in spite of the diabolical
machinations of the Russian agents and particu-
larly the wish to sow dissensions between the
peasantry and the land proprietors, a feeling of
mutual confidence has never been disturbed. It is
impossible now to enter into all the details of this
new law, and we must wait until it has been sanc-
tioned by the Emperor and promulgated. What-
ever has been effected in this respect must be
entirely ascribed to the efforts of the Agricultural
Society, which has done so much for the well-being
of the peasants and prosperity of the country—
efforts which, as you know, were stopped by the
Marquis Wielopolski on his accession to power, but
the fruits of which he himself used afterwards for
another plan with very few modifications, which is
now the subject of the deliberations of the Council
of State.
On the other hand, the Minister of Justice, M.
Dembowski, is preparing a new bill for the better
administration of the criminal law, and has sum-
moned to his aid men specially informed on the
subject, whom he is most anxious to consult. It
is even rumoured that there is some idea of in.
troducing a trial by jury. A trial by jury under
the Russian Government sounds like a mockery,
and I should not he surprised to see all these grand
reforms announced by the official journals here,
merely to dazzle the eyes of France and England,
vanish away like all other solemn promises ema•
nating from the Russian monarchs.
Still the people submit to their fate, in which
they are encouraged by their new archbishop, who
seems to gain a great power over almost all the
minds of the population except the students. Simple
and affable, with the thorough meekness of a
Christian, he has accomplished by his preaching
and example what the Russians could not effect by
wholesale murder and transportation to Siberia.
The national hymns are not to be heard any longer
in the churches, and every one relies on the word
of their worthy prelate. A true Pole by birth, and
a patriot at heart, he declined to fill up the vacan-
cies of the priests despatched to Siberia, when
asked by Government to do so, stating that the
Emperor had promised them a free pardon, and
that they should return to their former posts. This
is an unexpected blow levelled at the Government
by a man of their own choice, and it only shows
that a good Pole will never change, whatever may
be the place of his avocations, as St. Petersburg
was that of the present archbishop.
We have received some copies of the letters ad-
dressed to Earl Russell by Mr. George Mitchell,
lately published in London. They are perused here
with avidity, though, like the clandestine journals
in this city, they pass from hand to hand secretly ;
and Mr.-Mitchell, after the barbarous treatment
which he received from the Russian soldiers during
his stay inWarsaw in October last, has been classed,
and most justly so, not only among the friends of,
but among the great sufferers for, the cause of
Poland. The publication of these letters is a living
and fresh testimony of the way in which the Poles
are governed by Russia.
The great impression which the meetings in
favour of Poland recently held in England pro-
duced in France has extended here, as many French
papers circulate in this country, and the interest
as well as the sympathy of the English people
awakened by such demonstrations are really a balm
of consolation poured into the hearts of the op-
pressed Poles. Let us hope that the numerous
petitions which are being presented to Parliament
from all parts of England in behalf of Polish rights
and nationality will have the effect of inducing the
British Government to urge upon Russia the ful-
fillment of her duties towards Poland as guaranteed
by the treaties, in the formation of which Great
Britain has taken a most conspicuous part.

AMERICA.

LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY.
The Royal Mail stemship Asia, Captain Lott,
has arrived with advices from New York to the

26th

The project of a treaty with Mexico, submitted
to the Senate, contained a provision for the appoint-
ment of a commissioner to arrange certain details;
and it was to fill this commission that General
Scott's name was submitted with the treaty. The
Senate had not yet taken favourable action.
The anniversary of Washington's birthday was
kept at New York with more than the usual demon-
strations. At the Cooper Institute a large meeting
was held, which was addressed by JudgePierrepont,
M. M. Evarts, H. J. Raymond, Ex-Governor Hunt,
and Joseph Hoxie. Letters of sympathy from Mr.
Seward, D. S. Dickinson, Governor Morgan, Go-
vernor Sprague, Governor Olden, and Alfred Ely
were read.
The Republicans bad a Union festival at Irving-
hall, and addresses were delivered by E. C.
Cowdin, Dr. Hitchcock, Dr. Bellows, W. M. Evarts,
Hon. Henry J. Raymond, Horace Greeley, Geotge
Folsom, E. Delafield Smith, and Dr. Sowder.
Letters expressive of sympathy were read from
leading statesmen. One of the speakers, Mr
Evarts, said,—

" With all his readings of the Constitution, he
had never been satisfied that there was any line of
it enforcing the protection or maintenance of
slavery anywhere. True, there was the Fugitive
Slave clause, and the obligation to suppress insur-
rection ; but the latter referred to white as well as
black insurrections. The only occasion where that
clause had been put in operation was in the case of
discontented white men. The great difficulty was
where to take hold of slavery. His judgment was
that the political power of slavery should be (
over-
thrown, in order to undermine its social standing.
It was our duty to deprive it of its power in the
general Government, and then leave it to local dis-
integration. Just as sure as slavery in the general
Government had operated on the side of slavery in
the States, so would the influence of freedom in the
general Government operate for the interests of
freedom in the States. Look at the States upon
which slavery smiled, and upon the Free States.
The love, and not the hate of slavery, was to be
feared. (Applause.) We were fighting for the
Constitution, and we were justified in doing that
with such means and such weapons as were brought
against us, with whatever shattering force it should
operate•against slavery. (Applause.) Let the war
fall upon the guilty cause of the rebellion—the
slaveholding aristocracy of the South—upon the
stimulant of their unholy passions—slavery. (Ap-
plause.) When the war was over, whatever of
slavery was left, leave it, and where no loyal State
Government would be found, the general Govern-
ment would take hold, and slavery would then be
dealt with. (Applause.) The slaves of the South
were to the Constitution but a portion of the people.
The Constitution kr_ew in the South but two kinds
of people—thofle who were loyal and those who were
rebels. (Applause.) Compared to a loyal slave,
the lives of a hundred rebel masters were but
dust in the balance. (Applause.) The Union de-
pended upon the integrity, ability, and virtue of the
people. We had to marshal our forces. We had
been guilty of neglect of our sacred trust, and had
no right to make posterity pay the bill. (Applause.)
We must insist that, with the same honest labour as
our forefathers gave, we should work in the cause.
It was a crime to extort money out of the necessi-
ties of the Government. (Applause.) We must
have the Mississippi—not for alligators alone— but
for at least one flat boatman. (Applause.)
Mr. Raymond, another speaker, referring to
South Carolina, said t—
" It may take a generation to extinguish the spi-
rit of rebellion in South Carolina, but it will, sooner
or later, be extinguished. Ido not consent, for one,
to the giving up of even South Carolina under any
circumstances. We don't,
for our purposes, but Want her in the Union
we want her for her own. I
don't want her to be divided up, She must remain
in the Union as 13.
State, and we must make her
people so loyal that they will curse the memory of
their ancestors who attempted to take the State out
of the Union. South Carolina needs what all bad
children need—discipline—and that she is now
get,