The Sun.
London, England, 1862-08-30 00:00:00

the War of Independence for Italy the Emperor of the
FRENCH was—even in the specious and (as it proved
at Villafranca) illusory programme of that war put
forth in his famous Milan Proclamation, even when
talking there about Italy for the Italians, and of Italy
free from the Alps to the Adriatic, it was not for an
instant of an Italy One and United that his Imperial
MAJESTY dreamt, but rather of an Italy so dis-
united and dis-integrated that he himself, NAPO-
LEON 111., as the intended Liberator (!) of it might
always have the Kings and Princes composing the
Council of Confederation under his thumb, ready
to obey his Imperial mandate in all things.

Now there is not one of those notorious facts we
have here enumerated which can be said to have
undergone in the Imperial mind any modification
whatever. Sardinia would still be a most welcome
addition to the dominions of the French EMPEROR•
Prince MURAT still lays claim to the throne of
Naples. NAPOLEON 111. still prefers the notion of
Italy as a Confederation than of Italy one and united,
even under King VICTOR EMMANUEL. Facts these
are still—•quite as undeniable and notorious
in their way not as conjectures, but as " Facts "
as the continuance of the occupation of Rome by a
French Division !

What is more—there is a French army ready
to be launched at the EMPEROR'S first hint
upon the Italian soil, and to be there directed
whithersoever he pleases, at the pas de charge, led
on ward by one of his ablest Marshal. There are,
meantime, his ships of war collecting rapidly in the
Bay of Naples, ready to co-operate with his land
forces whenever any such co-operation may be deemed
advisable. For what end ? Is it not obvious ?
To the end that the maintenance of the military
position at Rome may be confirmed and indefi-
nitely prolonged—that the Italian Kingdom, even
so far as it has already been consolidated, may be
broken up again into a Confederation—that
Naples may if possible be secured to MURAT—that
Sardinia, like Savoy and Nice, may be declared to be
part and parcel of the French Empire in Europe !
Against all which as—we will call them possibili-
ties—England has, however, something to say and
something to do also, if requisite. At any rate,
while affairs there in Italy are still trembling upon
a contingency—the arms of England are unbound,
her diplomacy is no longer in any way hood-
winked. Her fleet will continue to ride at anchor

of morality, of religion, are utterly wrong. They
are bound to overcome a guilty aversion to the
innocent. Mr. LINCOLN should preach to them
repentance of their crime against guiltless colour,
He should proclaim to them the national and social
blessings of rectitude in their sentiments towards
the negro. It is no excuse whatever that England
forced negro slavery on her colonies. Why did
they not cast off the slavery when they cast off us ?
Why do they not imitate our repentance, as well
as our sin ? We can at least point to the West
Indies, and bid Mr. LINCOLN —go and do likewise.

there in the Bay of Naples cheek by jowl with that
of France. The British nation, reposing in calm
reliance meanwhile upon the wise diplomacy of
Lord RUSSELL, under the vigorous and patriotic
premiership of Lord PALMERSTON.

It shows how great must have been the anxiety
and depression in the Federal States that three days
later news informs us of a more cheerful feeling.
The evacuation of the peninsula is now termed a
" success," which raises the spirits of our Northern
friends. It would be absurd to blame the civil and
military authorities for endeavouring to keep up
the impression that reinforcement of M'CLELLAN
and an ultimate attack on Richmond was the object
proposed. In the General's position, this was the
right appearance to present. if he intended a retreat ;

but the feeling of relief, " the more hopeful spirit
which prevails," is to be ascribed only to the fact
that the Northern authorities could not im-
pose upon their own people. The fear was, that
M'CLELLAN would not be allowed to retreat, that
he would be attacked, perhaps routed, and possibly
that the expedition to Richmond might even be
terminated by the capture of the Grand Army of
the Potomac, or at least of what remains of it. The
fortune of war has been more merciful, and the
Fcderals are giving thanks for the mercy of an
unmolested retreat. Probably the Confederates
themselves suffered too much in the seven days'
conflict to be in a condition to resume advantage-
ously the struggle with M'CLELLAN. Or, possi-
bly, they thought it more advantageous to con-
front and intimidate POPE, BANKS, and BURNSIDE
on the North. It is certain that we find " STONE-
WALL" JACKSON attacking them with success on
the Rapidan, and we may well suppose that the
Confederates were not disposed if able to attack the
two armies at once. Their able policy has always
been to aim at routing a detached or weaker part of
the enemy first.

If these last telegrams, by the Arabia, describe
public feeling in the North, and its new
military projects rightly, another great attempt
on Richmond is yet to be made directly from

the North. The scheme seems to be that a part
of 111'ULELLAN's army is to hold still the lower
part of the peninsula, between the two rivers, up
which they had marched, and down which they had
retreated to Williamsburg, while the larger part,
probably conveyed by vessels up one of the rivers
more to the North, will join the three generals
above. mentioned, and then commence their march
Southwards in force. It is difficult to see why, if
this be the better line of attack, the attempt was
ever made to ascend by the York and James Rivers,
since M'CLELLAN was, before he went from
Washington, in the position to take this
line of march with every advantage. General
HALLECK, it seems, is now the reliance.
APCLELLAN gives place to him after the Rich-
mond run just as MWOITELL after Bull's
Run, gave place to APCLELLAN. Should HALLECK'S
plans put the North in possession of Richmond, he
will of course become the hero of the war. The
prize might be indeed, strategically, a barren one,
but it is now the prize of honour. The eyes of
Europe, as well as of America, are upon Richmond,
as they once were upon Sebastopol; and its capture
will, make the American military fortune of the
captor.

Mr. LINCOLN can bring himself to look at least
one fact in the face, to take it as it stands, and to
act accordingly. Blacks and Whites cannot harmo-
nise in action, cannot amalgamate socially, he says,
therefore "we propose to colonise you blacks." Such
is his language to a deputation of coloured people.
While reading it we could not help thinking that
it would be happy for thousands if he would argue
in the same style repecting the Southern states.
" Here we are—we do not discuss whether it ought
to be so, but so it is—the Southern population can-
not endure the Northern, and the latter reciprocate
the feeling. They can never work together—in fact
they injure each other by attempting it—let the
South be colonised—where it is. No need to de-
port it. It has ample territory, let it do the best
it can for itself ; I will imitate my great namesake
and bid those LOTS of the South choose their own
course,—if they will go the right hand I will go to
the left—let them choose their Sodom and Gomorrah
if they like."
The time, it seems, is not come for such sensible
thinking and speaking yet. If, however, the fact
of mutual aversion is not ground sufficient for sepa-
ration between North and South, ABRAHAM LINCOLN
thinks it quite sufficient ground for asking the
negroes to walk off from among the whites. He
wants a willing exodus, not exactly a deportation.
Congress has given him some money towards the
object ; and it seems to have struck him as appro-
priate to send negroes amongst coals. Some pro-
mising coalfields present themselves, not across the
seas, but in Central America, where he proposes
that white proprietors and managers should found
a colony of negro miners. He does not, indeed, call
it a colony. That word he applies only to Liberia,
but here the negroes will be, he says, in their own
country. In his long frank address to the coloured
men, whom he speaks of as the more intelligent of
their class, he has but one object—to convince them
that they will always be at such a disadvantage
amongst white people, that it is for the interest of
both, that each class should live separately. He
even tells them that they are the cause of the
war, and that the white men are cutting
each others throats in a quarrel over the
blacks—and this is, in a very weighty sense,
true, but it is also true, which ABRAHAM LINCOLN
did not tell them, that the quarrel was due, not to the
tmfortunate Blacks themselves, but to the villanons
maltreatment of them by one party, and the almost
equally villanous ill-feeling towards them of the
, other.

Singularly enough, unless the latest news repeat-
ing the same event be false news, Baton Rouge,
which was, we were informed, on two occasions, at
some intervals, retaken by the Confederates, is now
:Affirmed to have repulsed them, with heavy loss to
the assailants. One would think there is something
yet unexplained in the contradictory accounts we
have now for the third time received. The place,
it regard to the command of the Mississippi, is of
considerable importance ; and it appears that the

To an Englishman the reasoning of Mr. LINCOLN
seems like a cool assertion of wilful impenitence on
the part of the North. We cannot endure you—he
says—you are under a ban everywhere among us—
though you are free we do not like you to remain with
us—your race is suffering the greatest wrong ever
inflicted en a people, yet I cannot alter this if I
would—so leave us—go and better yourselves else-
where—go to the Panama coal mines. Such are
Mr. LINCOLN'S words ; and while a really honest
and kind-hearted ruler can talk to a portion of
his subjects in this way, we may easily understand
the feeling of the great mass of heartless Yankees.
But does net a nation which indulges the feelings
Hits described by Mr. LINCOLN deserve all the
plagues of Egypt till it comes to its senses. What
has the dark-coloured race done to its white sove-
reigns to merit such a feeling towards them. Their
ordinary vices and failings are of the most venial
kind—the failings of adult children, in fact. Light-
hearted, docile, remarkably affectionate, and sus-
ceptible to kind treatment, willing to work, so much
so that the Irish in America hate them more as
competitors than as negroes—in a country like
America, with such boundless scope for labour, what
might not be obtained from such a peasantry treated
with ordinary Christian kindness. They might as
free men—if educated, and employed on suitable
work, and encouraged—become a source of bound-
less wealth to all the States in which they live.
We know the exclamations which will be uttered
in abundance against the slaves as they are, and the
free blacks, repressed and down-trodden as
they have been—we have heard them often.
But facts in abundance are the answer.
These offensive creatures are the faithful and fond
nurses of white children ; and we must add, not too
cOensive to be the mothers of innumerable children
by 'inxite fathers. They even suffer, sometimes, be-
Ding to gratify the worse than brutal
cpaaussseiozwi
et their white lords.
Mr. LINCOLN
honestly tells us the truth. We
entirely believe his
facts. They
are but too true.
But we reject his
interpretation. We hold him
bound by all that is clue to civilisation and Chris-
tianity,t() point his People
to a different course.
rt is they, Who judged by the standards of policy,

last account—that of the Confederate repulse—is
sufficiently authentic to contribute its share to•
wards raising the general hopes of the Federals.
Several minor fights are said to have resulted
favourably to the Federals, though in the Border
States all appears yet to be in confusion. The
skirmishes continue. Nashville has been cut off
from the railroads, it is not said by which party;
ind the Governor of Kentucky has resigned, but
the reason is not told us, As he was a warm pro-
slavery man, it looks, so far favourably to the
North i❑ that important State.
It appears also that at last the enlistment begins
to move on. The draughting has told on those
who, if drawn, would have lost the bounty which
they can claim by volunteering; and in addition to
these the draughting for another 300,000 Militia is
to commence at once. Thus, in time, if the war
goes on, the North is likely to have another army.
Will the South be able, proportionately, to reinforce
theirs ? Hitherto, if Northern accounts are to be
Misted, the South has always outnumbered them.
This, indeed, we do not believe; but it has obviously
been able, by land, to checkmate the North. It is
not unlikely it will still be able to do so. The ad-
vantage is so great of their labour being done by
their slaves ; hence the whites in the South are
almost to a man flee to fight. In the North they
cannot be spared from the farm and the workshop.
We shall not be surprised, therefore, to see the
South, in point of numbers, always on a par with
the North.

THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—The number
of visitors at the Exhibition yesterday was—by season
tickets, 5,361; by payment, 15,623; total, 20,984.
A furrier, wishing to inform the public that he
would make UP furs in a fashionable manner out of old ones
which ladies have at home, appended the fallowing to one
of his advertisements :—" N.B. Capes, victorines, &c., made
up for ladies in fashionable styles, out of their own skins."
To DESTROY ANTS, BLACK BEETLES, &c.—For
the information of your readers I beg to state that I have I
used the following simplo remedy for the destruction of
ants and black beetles for many years, and 1 have never
known it to fail :—Take some unslaked stone lime (say half
a bushel) ; lay in a heap upon a stone or brick floor ; then
take about it pound of sulphuric acid, and put into it a pint
of water. With this liquor sprinkle the limo gently until
the whole drops into a dry powder; throw this powder
plentifully down the holes and about the places where the
vermin come. If every householder in London were to use
this powder, there would not be a black beetle in London.
—Correspondent ty the Baader.
A man named Servant has just been arrested at
Courthezon (Vaucluse) for the murder of his wife. For
some years past the conduct of the couple had been a scandal
to the neighbourhood, the woman living in a state of ex-
treme depravity, and the husband having already suffered
two years' imprisonment for exciting her to acts of de-
bauchery. A first husband of the wife had committed
suicide from grief at her immorality. Servant, meeting a
few days back wil a neighbour who reproached him with
his wife's conduct, returned home, and after loading the
woman with the foulest abuse, discharged a pistol into her
breast, killing her on the spot.
The command of the stationary ship at Port
Royal, Jamaica, has been placed at the disposal of the First
Lord of the Admiralty by the resignation of Captain John
B. Marsh, who has been compelled, owing to ill health, to
resign the appointment. Captain Marsh was at the Admi-
ralty yesterday, for the purpose of reporting himself.—.Army
and IVavy Gazette.
Captain G. S. Davis, who was placed on half-pay
of the Carabiniers on the return of the regiment front
India, has succeeded the late Captain Yates as Adjutant of
the Cavalry Depot at Canterbury. —Army and. ZfarY
Onotto.

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 30, 1862.

His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Meck-
lenburg-Strelitz and his Royal Highness Prince Adolphus,
who are residing at Brighton for the benefit of sea bathing,
honoured Mr. and Lady Fanny Howard with a visit at
Compton-place, Eastbourne, on Thursday last. After par-
taking of luncheon, their Royal Highnesses returned to

Brighton.
Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess
de Montpensier, Princesses Isabella, Amelia, and Chris •
tine, attended by Madame de Vallejo and Colonel Velarde,
have left the Clarendon Hotel for Claremont.
EMIG/7..AT10N TO AMERICA.—The following is a
copy of a circular which the Government at Washington
has addressed to the "Diplomatic and Consular Officers of
the United States in foreign countries 1"—" Department of
State, Washington, August 8. At no former period of our
history, have our agricultural, manufacturing, or mining
interests been more prosperous than at this juncture. This
fact may be deemed surprising in view of the enhanced
price for labour occasioned by the demand for the rank and
file of the armies of the United States. It may, therefore,
be confidently asserted that, even now, no where else can
the industrious labouring man and artisan expect so liberal
a recompense for his services as in the United States. You
are authorized and directed to make these truths known in
any quarter and in any way which may lead to the migra-
tion of such persons to this country. It is believed that a
knowledge of them will alone suffice to cause them to be
acted upon. The Government has no legal authority to
offer any pecuniary inducement to the advent of industrious
foreigners.—WlLLlAM H. SEWARD."
A STRANGE ANNOUNCEMENT.—We have autho-
rity to state that the Marchioness of Queensberry, who has
lately become a Roman Catholic, loft her residence, near
Weybridge, last week, clandestinely, taking with her the
three youngest of her six fatherless children, and leaving
no clue to her place of hiding. There is no doubt that the
guardians and the nearest relatives of the late Marquis have
the power to trace her ladyship's flight, and through the
strong arm of English law to rescue the children and make
them wards in Chancery.—Evening Paper.
THE VISIT OF THE SAVAGE CLUB TO MANCHU-
TER.—We are glad to learn that the Great Northern,
Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln, and London and North-
Westein Railway Companies, have extended the favour of
free conveyance to the members of the Savage Club on
their benevolent visit to Manchester.
CRYSTAL PALACE.—ONE SHILLING DAY.—Fri
day, Aug. 29.—Admissions on payment, 9,956 ; ditto, by
season tickets, 690 ; total, 10,646.
MAY AND DECEMBER.—Last week, in the parish
of Kingless, a gay old man, aged 80, got married to hi
servant girl of the interesting age of 16. The bridegroom
is a small farmer, possessed of five or six acres of land.—
Connaught Watchman.
DEATH OF A TRAFALGAR HERO —On Monday
morning Captain W. Dunbreck, a Trafalgar hero, died in
Glasgow. He was born in 1786.
BREACH OF PROMISE OF MARRIAGE.—SIMON
v. EATON.—At Lincoln, on Wednesday, before Mr. Bur-
ton, under-sheriff, this trial was heard. The plaintiff, Jam
Simon, in the case of seduction, is a farmer- residing at
Goxhill, near Hull, whose daughter, 22 years of age, had
been most heartlessly seduced by the defendant, William
Epton, also a farmer, residing at Goxhill; and the plain-
tiff in the second case is the daughter of the first plaintiff,
who charged the defendant with breach of promise of mar-
riage. The damages were laid in the first case at £4OO,
and for the breach of promise at £BOO. Both are men of
substance, occupying large farms. It appeared that the
defendant had courted Miss Simon from May, 1861, until
the Christmas following. He visited her regularly two or
three times a week, and was looked upon as her accepted
suitor. He had re-furaished his house, and told her and
her father's housekeeper that they were about to be mar-
ried, and she was to be mistress of all that he had. He said
that he had bought all the furniture for her. In Novem-
ber last he succeeded in seducing her, and she was now
pregnant, and expected to be delivered of a child in a few
days. When at home she had assisted in the household
duties, but since her seduction she had been unwell, As
soon as her father got to know the true cause of her illness,
he turned her out of his house. She had, however, come
back again. Defendant did not appear, he having allowed
judgment to go by default. The jury brought in £75
damages for the father for the loss of his daughter's ser-
vices, and £3OO damages for the breach of promise of
marriage.
STRIKE AT NORTHFLEET DOCKYARD.—A strike
has taken place among the men employed in the dockyard
at Northfleet by Messrs. Mare and Co. It appears that be-
tween 600 ann 700 men were employed on the iron steamer
Anglesea, under construction for the Galway Company, the
great majority of whom struck work in consequence of the
proprietors refusing to discharge an obnoxious foreman
named Smart. At an early hour in the morning some of the
workmen began to throw stones at Mr. Smart and endea-
voured to drive him from the yard. With some difficulty he
was got out of the yard and sent away to Gravesend in a
cab for protection, but he was followed by an exasperated
mob of workmen, who pelted the cab with stones. On the
following morning the workmen again assembled at the
entrance to the yard, and their language and conduct was
very violent. This continued during the whole of the day,
some of the well-behaved hands who continued their work
being severely assaulted by the mob. Application was sub-
sequently made to the magistrates for warrants against two
of the ringleaders, Edward Bray and James Murphy, who
now stand committed for trial at the next Quarter Sessions
for Kent.
ROYAL DRAMATIC COLLEGE.—We are informed
that the annual benefit will this year take place at her Ma-
jesty's Theatre on Wednesday, Oct. 9, and from the great
influx of visitors, the recherche bill of fare, and the lively
interest the press and public take in this excellent charity,
a bumper may be expected.
Two FATAL ACCIDENTS ON THE RIVER.—At an
early hour yesterday Morning a coal barge was ran foul of
near London bridge, by a sailing barge, loaded with sand,
and the steersman of the former pitched into the water.
Every exertion was used to save him, but he disappeared
almost instantly. On Thursday evening Christopher Penn,
a bargeman, was going lip the river with a barge laden with
coal, accompanied by a boy, and while walking on the gun-
wale he overbalanced himself and fell into the water. The
boy was so alarmed that he could render no assistance and
the man was drowned.
SOMNAMBULISM EXTItAOIIDINARY.—Abott two
o'clock on Sunday morning Inspector May, while on duty
in Brentwood, saw a man in his shirt walking along the
parapet of the Sir Charles Napier beer-house, and almost
immediately afterwards observed him fall on to the pave-
ment below, a distance of 24 feet. On hastening to the
spot the officer found a young man named William Brett,
a bricklayer, who lodges at the Sir Charles Napier, lying
on the pavement, having broken his arm and sustained
other severe injuries. Mr. Baker, rurgeon, who resides in
the next house, was at once aroused, and dressed his
wounds. The poor fellow is totally unconscious how the
accident happened, and there seems no doubt that at the
time he was in a state of somnambulism.--Chelmsford
Chronicle.
A curious caricature has just been published at
Naples. It represents M. Ratazzi sitting naked and shiver-
ing in a bath, with an attendant on each side, representing
Garibaldi and "French influence." The former holds the
hot-water and the latter the cold-water tap, ready to open
them on the shoulders of the unfortunate minister. It must
be admitted that this is not a bad representation of Ra-
tazzi's position.
The Levant Herald says that the Porte has de-
cided on conceding the right of passing the Dardanelles,
by night as well as day, to merchant vessels of all nations.
The regulations, specifying the signals to be displayed after
sunset, will be shortly issued. It is to be hoped that this
important facility will be extended to the Black Sea entrance
of the Bosphorus.
On the occasion of the birth of a son, and the
happy deliverance of his wife the Princess Clotilde, Prince
Napoleon has presented a sum of 3,000 f. to the Society of
the Prince Imperial of the town of Fontainebleau.
The France says that it has been decided to erect
a monumental triumphal arch at the Barriere du Trone, to
commemorate the Crimean and Italian campaigns. It is
proposed to make it quite as high as that at the Arc de
l'Etoile, and a wooden model is to be first erected on the spot
in order to judge of the effect. The necessary funds have
already been voted by the Municipal Council.
The body of a man, partly devoured by dogs or
wolves; was found three days since in the forest of Cham-
plaurier (Charente), and was soon afterwards recognised as
that of a gamekeeper in the employ of Mme. Meunier, of
Gensuillace, a town in the vicinity. There seems to be
little doubt that the unfortunate keeper was murdered by
some poacher, and one man has already been arrested on

suspicion.
At Mesnil-Folleroprise (Seine-Inferieure), the
night before last, a wolf attacked a flock of sheep belong-
ing to a farmer named Grebauval, and killed ten.
The journal Orpheon states that the fetes which
were to take place at Turin and Milan, and in which several
French societies were to have taken part, have been ad-
j onrned.
As the Baron de Moffard, son-in-law of Baron
do Macal, Governor of the Province of Liege, was bathing
three days ago at Ostend, he imprudently went out too far
from the shore, and was carried away by the current.
Finding that his strength was failing him, he shouted for
assistance, when a soldier named Joris rushed in, dressed
as he was, and swam to him. When he reached the baron
the latter was almost in a lifeless state, but Joris laid hold
of him and kept hi.n above water until the lifeboat came
and took them both on board. The baron, as a reward for
the soldier's conduct is endeavouring to got him discharged
from the service.
LARGE TAKE OF MACKAREL.—There has been a
large take of this favourite fish in Dublin bay within these
last few days. They were picked up by the dozen a little
outside Kingston Harbour. Off Killiney, on Wednesday,
the quantity caught was enormous. Homer, a fisherman
residing on
.the strand, near Killiney Railway station,
netted 3,300 in the short space of 40 minutes. Another
fisherman from Bray shot his net outside Homer's, and
succeeded in taking 2,500, and would have bagged ten tons
weight of this favourite denizen of the sea if his net had not
burst, they worp azug at eiglitpewo the nom