The Sun.
London, England, 1862-11-28 00:00:00

LAW FOR THE HINDOOS.

A., a servant in Z.'s house, having occasion to write a
letter, dips a pen in ink, the property of Z. Here, though
the act of A. may fall under the definition of theft, A. has
committed no offence. A., a friend of Z., calls at Z.'s
house in Z.'s absence, and writes and seals several letters
there with Z.'s paper and wax without asking any person's
permission. Hero, if the acquaintance between A. and Z.
bo such that, according to the usages of society, the con-
sent of Z. to such use of his property must be implied
thence, A. has committed no offence. A. gets into a public
carriage in which Z. is sitting, and, in seating himself,
slightly hurts Z. by pressing him against the side of the
carriage. Here, though A.'s act falls within the definition
in clause 316, yet, if the whole harm caused was so slight
that no man of ordinary sense and temper would complain
of such harm, A. has committed no offence.
His task completed, Macaulay returned to England, and
shortly after made a tour in Italy, where he gained a know-
ledge of localities, which, in his " Lays of Ancient Rome,"
he found of essential service. "Lord Macaulay," says the
writer, "always carefully studied the scenery and localityv.
of historical events, and well knew their value in
fyecoon the
composition vivid and accurate impressions. t h courseaces, he
composition of his history he visited variouss
some-
times taking up an unobserved resitdioexine
for weeks together
while pursuing his careful observations." A vacancy now
occurring
ad
nn bgutrhg
aht thhi es se at was
expensesoccurring in the representationstoifp
offered him which he ackePd
certain changes in the Ministry
should not exceed £5OO, and -
ed Secretary of War, and sworn
appointed being made he was
In 18 appeared his "Lays of An-
of
Rome," an
of the Privy Cound
utihie agitation on the Corn-laws taking
place,
spoke in favour of a total repeal, but considered
that a he
nent interval of time should be allowed to permit
the farmer to transfer his capital from one branch of indus-
try to another ; and he also opposed the income-tax. In'the
next session he strongly condemned Lord Ellenborough's
coaduct with reference to the gates of the Temple of Bora-
nauth, and was equally severe on that gross blunder the
Ashburton Treaty. As a specimen of his style about this
period take the following conclusion to his speech on the
Unitarian Chapels Bill :

MACAULAY ON RELIGIOUS TOLERATION.
We know that that sect is small, that it is unpopular,
that it can produce little effect upon elections ;_ peerhaps I
b
may go so far as to say that it would probably the best
way, to win public favour, altogether to
such be the case
repudiate them
and their doctrines ; and, therefore, if
—if there be any person of an
arbitrary naturesue and intole-
rant turn of mind who wishes to enjoy the pleasure of per-
secution with perfect personal impunity—then I'say that he
ites for the indulgence
can have no more excellent op
of his propensities than the pfpurreerisveinl present.
have taken up the doctrines of ndFt;erlimgyiesneelfl,ibseirr,tyl,
'when some of those who are
not because they are popular, ()but because they are just;
and the time may come
tsetuhis bill may be compelled to
now crying out against
lel. will attempt to prevent others from
be the case, then, sir,
appeal to the principles which it rests ; and if that shall
oppressing them, as
I contend against their insolence
I now seek to keep them from lording it
in the same spirit as I may hereafter have to battle for
over others. At present
1 their rights."
-

In 1845 arose the Maynooth question. Macaulay sup-
ported the Bill for the augmentation of the grant in every
stage, 444 once P39re took clUcc as Paymaster-Cicerali Rio

conduct on these occasions gave offence to his constituents,
and in the general election which took place soon after, a
coalition was formed against him of " Pharisees and Pub-
licans," and he was thrown out. Two years later the Uni-
versity of Glasgow elected him Lord Rector, he was presented
with the freedom of the city, and in 1852, Edinburgh having
become repentant, made him overtures; and he, declining
to give "any' expLua:.;on or any guarantee," once more
became its representative. Of his effect in the house the late
Mr. Whitty gives the following graphic sketch :

"MACAULAY'S tr.."
It was pleasanter talking on Wednesday, when the posi-
tion of Mr. Macaulay in Great Britain was measured in
a great way. On a Wednesday the house and the
committees are sitting at once, and the building is
filled with scattered M.P.s, some at work, but the most
loitering about the lobbies and corridors picking up old
acquaintance and feeling for public opinion. About 3 on
Wednesday one was loitering about too, for the talk in the
house was not interesting—on a Wednesday it seldom is—
and one could pick up members' opinion, which is as im-
portant as public opinion. You were walking along the
committee lobby, wondering which room' you would take
next, when, as you paused uncertain, you were bumped up
against by somebody. He begged your pardon and rushed
on, and you looked to see who it was ; a member, a stout
member; a man you couldn't conceive in a run; and yet
he's running like mad. You are still staring at him, when.
two lucre men trot past you, one on each sid, and they arcs
members, too. You aro very puzzled, and ccc the doer close
toyou—' Members' Entrance' above it—dashed open, five
members dash from it and plunge furiously down the 1, bby.
Why, what can be the matter ? More doors open, more mem-
bers lush out; members are tearing past you from all points in
one direction towards the house. Then wigs and gowns ap-
pear. They tell you, with happy faces, their committees have
adjourned; and then come a third class, the gentlemen of the
press, hilarious. Why, what's the matter ? Matter Macau-
lay is up, and all the members are off to hear him. you
join the runners in a moment, and are in the gallery to see
the senators who had the start of you perspiring into their
moaeneanhiaayd,ns'
up"
ph„eeamrdpt
emptied
y
places.ears; a
nI
dt
twashe a n announcement
" t
passingann
tohuen
committee-rooms. Now, as of old, it emptied clubs, It was
true ; he was up, and in for a long speech ; not a mere
sput, but an oration. He was in a new place, standing in
the second row (above the Treasury Bench) from the table,
word
and looking and sounding all the better for the elevation wad
the clearer atmosphere for orators, which must be found in
that little remove from the green boxes. The old ‘:oice, the
old manners, and the old style—glorious speakilag P Well
prepared, carefully elaborated, confessedly essayish ; but
spoken with a perfect art and consummate management ;
not up-and-down see-saw talking off a speech, but the
grand conversation of a man of the world, confiding his
learning, his recollections, and his logic to a party of
gentlemen, and just raising his voice enough to be heard
through the room. That is as you heard him when you
got in ; but then he was only opening, and waiting for
his audience. As the house filled, which it did with
marvellous rapidity, he got prouder and more oratorical and
ei it becameth speechh with i
amteirnr
teont
e rapidity,enf ththu
8 ei increaser eh t.:i
na ynt
wogs
o,a
rffdtoesrr:
ce thenay
rerryyihnseegnp
toheu rinsceehd,
hearers
rl
dry as the subject was, he gave it grandeur by looking at
from the grand and historical point of view), and yet not
leaving them time to cheer. A torrent of words—that is
the only description of Macaulay's style when he has
warmed into speech. And such words. Why, it wasn't
4 o'clock in the afternoon, lunch hardly digested, and yet
the quiet, reserved English gentlemen collected there to
hear the celebrated orator were as wild with delight es an. opera-house after Grisi at 10. You doubt it ? See the
division • and before Mr. Macaulay had spoken you might
have safely have bet fifty to one Lord Hotham would have
carried his bill. After that speech the bill was not thrown.
out, but pitched out. Speeches seldom do affect measures;
and yet this speech will have altered British policy on a
great question ; and, don't forget, that on a WedrAsday, in
a day sitting I People said, when it was over,, that it was
superb, and so on ; and one began to have a higher opinion
of the House of Commons, though it is queerly "led," see-
ing that if the Macaulay class of minds would bid for
leadership they would get it ; and that perhaps the Lord
Johns only get at it at present by a sort of moral justice,
because they work for it. But it wasn't all congratulation.
Mr. Macaulay had rushed through his oration of forty
minutes with masterly vigour; and, looking at his massive
chest and enormous head, you couldn't be surprised. That
is the sort of man who would go through whatever the
undertook. Yet the doubts about his health, which arise
when we meet him in the street—he neves meets anybody
—when you take advantage of his sphinx-like reverie,
staring right on with calm, eternal eyes," to study the
sickly face—would be confirmed by a close inspection on.
Wednesday. The great orator was trembling when he sat
down ; the excitement of a triumph—the massive head not-
withstanding—overcame him ; and he had scarcely the self-
possession to, acknowledge the eager praises which were
offered by the Ministers and others it his neighbourhood.
Evidently he had reasons for being as quiet as Gibbon was
in the house ; and in this case, too, no doubt, we must
think enough will have been done for fame and for our
pleasure if the history is finished.

But his strength was gradually giving way ; he became
unequal to the fatigue of his public duties, and in 1856 he
wrote to the electors of Edinburgh resigning his seat. The
year following he was appointed High Steward of the Bo-
rough of Cambridge, was made a peel, and his untimely
death followed shortly after.

In looking at Macaulay's character as a whole, it is as a
literary man rather than as a statesman that he has a claim,
on our regard ; for although his opinions on the topics that
came before him appear both liberal and just, and although
his power as an orator was undeniable, he neither originated
any great measure nor attained the highest honour politics
can give. It is as an essayist and historian that his memory
will survive; but even here his spirit of partisanship will
injure his fame. He appears as an advocate rather than as a
judge, assumes a license 'only proper to fiction, and is open
to the charge of exaggerating the merit of the side ho es-
poused, and of unduly depreciating those to whom he was
opposed. Nevertheless, the fascination of his style is almost
unexampled, and his works have not been surpassed in our
generation for brilliancy and power.

MARKETS-THIS DAY.

MARS-LANE.

To-day's market was scantily supplied with English
wheat. Owing to the falling off in the recepts from abroad
the trade ruled firm, and in some instances' rather more
money was demanded.

The show of samples of foreign wheat, ox granary, was
somewhat extensive. In most descriptions a fair business
Was transacted at full quotations.
Floating cargoes of grain were in steady request at ex-
treme rates.

Good and fine barley moved off freely at full currencies,
but inferior parcels met a slow sale on former terms.
The malt trade was in a sluggish state, and prices had a
downward tendency.
We were well supplied with oats, and the trade ruled
heavy at fully the late decline in their value.

Beans and peas were in moderate request, and the quota-
tions were steadily supported.
Town-made flour changed hands to a moderate extent
at Monday's reduction. Other kinds ruled steady.

ARRIVALS THIS WEEK,
Wheat. Barley. Malt. Oats. Flour.
English-- 1,120 I 1,210 i 1,380 i : ,4110 B3O sacks
Irish ..... ..... 40 360 --
b' 11 7,140 31,060,; 520 sacks
2,020 brls

NEW GATE AND LEADENHALL.
The supply of meat on sale at these markets is season-
ably large, and the demand rules inactive at our quotations.
Per 81b. by the carcase.

s dad s dsd
Inferior beef .. 2 8 2 10 Middlingmutton 3 19 4 2
Middling do. .. 3 0 3 4 Prime do 4 4 4 6
Prime large do. 3 6 3 8 Veal 3 8 4 S
Do. small do. .. 310 4 0 Small pork . 4lO 6 0
Large pork .... 4 0 4 8 Lamb
Inferior mutton. 3 6 3 8

BOROUGH HOP.
The finest descriptions of hops are firm in price, other-
wise the trade is dull, and a fall has taken place in the
quotations. The supply of foreign hops on sale is largo.
Mid and East Kents
Weald of Kents
Sussex
Bavarian
Belgian
oo 116085: If n
American