The Sun.
London, England, 1862-11-18 00:00:00

peior, that if he is not given the assurance that the
note addressed by the Sardinian Goverment to
the Court of Rome will not be fa :owed by

The Emperor parted with his Minister, who was
replaced by M. Drouyn de Lhuys. M. Nigra took
care to remit to the new Minister a copy of the des-
patch of the Bth October, which had been commu-
nicated already to M. Thouvenel ; but M. Drouyn
de Lhuys formally declined to enter into any con-
versatien thereupon until he had received the orders
of the Emperor, and had maturely examined the
subject. The result of this examination is precisely
the despatch which we produce below, which M.
Drouyn de Lhuys addressed, on the 20th of Octo-
ber, to the Cabinet of Turin :
HE YAINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS 10 TILE CHARQB
D'AFFAIRES OF FRANCE AT TVRIN.
Paris, Oct. 26, 1862.
Sir,—l have laboured, since my entry on the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to obtain an exact ac-
count of the present situation of Italy and of the
state of questions which the new organisation of
the peninsula has raised. The occupation by our
troops of the Roman provinces, regarded from the
point of view of our relations with the Italian Go-
vernment, demanded on my part the most serious
examination, Two documents of recent date, in
the first place, fixed my attention—l mean the cir-
cular of General Durando of the 10th of Septem-
ber last, and a despatch of his excellency which
ho addressed, on the Bth of this month, to the
Minister of Italy at Paris, a document of
which my predecessor had already received a
confidential communication. The Chevalier Nigra
read it, and also remitted a copy of it to me, in con-
formity with his instructions. You will receive a
copy annexed hereto. On receiving this document
from the hands of the Italian Minister, I found my-
self bound to decline all immediate and official con-
versation upon its c)ntents, reserving the right to
examine it maturely before replying to it and taking
the orders of the Emperor. I have to make you
acquainted this day, sir, with the result of that
study, and to indicate to you the order of ideas by
which I mean to guide myself in replying, con-
formably to the views of his Majesty, with respect
to the communication of the Italia° Government.
In order to establish clearly the situation of the
Government of the Emperor, and the necessities
which his engagements impose on him, and the
part which he has taken in the events which took
place during the last 14 years in the peninsula, I
believe it to be necessary to recall the principal
occurrences in that agitated period, and to set forth
the declarations by which the Emperor himself and
his Government have on all occasions characterised
the policy of France, and loyally indicated the end
which she proposed to attain.
'When Pope Pius IX., after having taken the
initiative in the regeneration movement of Italy,
was driven from Rome by the revolution, the emo-
tion of the Catholic world immediately caused the
active intervention of the Powers, and the Cabinet
cf Turin did not forget that King Charles Albert
had already entered for the enfranchisement of
Italy on his heroic enterprise, and, seconded by a
Ministry which was presided over by M. Gio-
berti, took, along with France, the initiative of a
proposition having for object to assure the domain
of the Church, and to guarantee, if necessary,
by the Piedmonteso arms, the rights of
the Holy See against any attempt to infringe
upon them. France was the first to hasten to the
rescue, and had the honour to restore Rome to the
rule of the Holy Father, and the foreign powers,
not less confident in her strength than in her
loyalty, remitted to her the care of consolidating
the work in which many among them were ready
to concur. The government of tae Emperor is con-
scious of having worthily fulfilled the task which
was given to it, and its work being accomplished, it
was on the point of recalling its troops when the
war broke out between Austria and Piedmont, and
this created new duties for it, inspired before all
considerations by the interests of Fraece ; but,
yielding to his sympathies for Italy, the Emperor
did not hesitate to accept a war from which the
independence of the peninsula would result. The
task which France assigned to herself was to
conquer that independence, respecting, at the
same time existing rights as much as the events of
the war would permit. According to the idea of the
Emperor the independence of the peninsula was
assured by the stipulations of Zurich, and should be
consolidated by the intimate union of the Italian
States. Thus, ween hastily yielding to a pressare
which might bring into question the results of the
war of 1859, the Cabinet of Turin decided on taking
tite direction of the movement which agitated the
Italian population, and to proceed to the annexation
of nee duchies, the Government of the Emperor re-
'3°lverl to withdraw from all participation in a policy
which had ceased to be its own, and while pointing
out to his ally the difficulties and dangers in the
path on which it had entered it declined for itself
all responsibility.
In a dispatch addressed on the 24th Feb., 1860,
t
') the Minister the Emperor at Turin, and com-
municated to theC thus expressed himself
de Cavour, my predecessor
n Have I any need to.—give long •
details in order to
explain to you What
Cabinet of Turin, free
would be our attitude if the
which its
option, preferred
running all the risks
which I conjured hire toli'laa.l.bave pointed out, and
which his Sardiuian tit testy The hypothesis in
only on his own forces, develops
have to count
and it would be painful
I confine myself, therefore, toarge thereon.
to me toseellf in some sort,
of the Emperor, that we should not telling by order.
assume the responsibility .of such a situation, What-
ever)riee,
be his sympathies for Italy, and notably may
for Sardinia, which has mixed its blood with our
own, his Majesty willnothetsoitattaek to testify his firm
and irrevocable resolution interests of,
guide of his conduct."
France for the on!_
~V",
r.led these counsels
The Cabinet ot.ti
rin di,irega
„ Lown account the responsibility
(a)fndit:cdceetpertegit,),:ti:). svn after,s .1 . rend however,the the cn-
lee Cabinet of 'Turin ie-
terprise of Garibaldi 11011:14 Icl
Naples, in drawing on
It
tervene in Southern It
rt
engava it in a conflict
with the Government of • Holy Father, and
against
obliged us solemnly to disavow.
h octsur protectiohis .
sovereignty which we covered with
a
falleyrand
On the 10th of Septr mber, 1860, Baron
received an order to address to Count de
following note : Cavour the
"The undersigned, &c., has the honour to an-
nounce to his Excellency the Count de Cavour that

any consequence, and that the Sardinian army
will not attack the Pontifical troops, France will
be under the necessity of breaking off diplomatic
relations with the Cabinet of Turin, and thus pub-
licly disavowing a policy which she judges to be

dangerous for the repose of Europe and fatal for the
future of Italy."
This note not having modified the resolution of
the Italian Government, M. Thouvenel wrote, on the
13th of September, to M. de Talleyrand :
" Monsieur le Barons—l have the honour to an-
nounce to you that the Emperor has decided on your
immediate departure from Turin, in order thus to
testify his firm will to decline all solidarity with
acts, as well as counsels, dictated by the interests of
Italy, which, unfortunately, he could not prevent."
I shall pass rapidly over the events which fol-
lowed the annexation of the Neapolitan provinces

and the constitution of Italy. Those events eould
not modify the appreciations of the Govern-
ment of the Emperor; but a great evil was
about to strike Italy. The death of the eminent
statesman who directed the Cabinet of Turin, and
whose personal authority had powerfully contri-
buted to arrest in Italy the overflow of anarchical
passions, must greatly aggravate the situation of
affairs, and have the most fatal results for the gene-
ral peace. I need not express anew the considera-
tions which then determined the Government of the
Emperor to acknowledge the kingdom of Italy; I
wish solely to recall the reserves by which that act
was r.ccompahied as to what specially concerns the
/ Roman question. The Emperor, replying to his
Majesty King Victor Emmanuel, who had demanded

_ -
from him the recognition of his new title, wrote, on

July 12, 1861 :
" I must declare frankly to your Majesty that
while recognising the new kingdom of Italy, I

shall leave my v troops at Rome as long as
it (Italy) shall remain without being recon-
ciled to the Pope, or that the Holy Father shall be
menaced with having the States which yet remain
to him invaded by a force, regular or irregular."
When notifying to the charge d'affaires of
France at Turin the resolution of the Emperor, M.
Thouvenel baid—

" The Cabinet of Turin will note the duties which
our position has created towards the Holy See, and

I believe it to be superfluous to add that in renew
ing official relations with the Italian Governmen.
we do not intend in any way to weaken the value
of the formal protestations of the Court of Rome
against the invasion of the several provinces of the
Pontifical States. No more than ourselves can the
Government of King Victor Emmanuel dispute the
power of the considerations of whatever nature
which may affect the Roman question, and neces•
wily dominate over our determinations, and it will
understand that in recognising the King of Italy
we must continue to occupy Rome as long as suffi-
cient guarantees do not cover the interests which
have taken us there."
At the same time that it took care to discharge
from responsibility and render precise the charac-
ter of its resolutions the Government of the Emperor
was pleased to state that the renewal of diplomatic
relations with the Cabinet of Turin would permit it
to labour at last with success at the work of concilia-
tion to which, according to it, is attached the defi-
nitive consecration of the new order of things in the
peninsula. Its sympathetic interest for Italy, its
solicitude for the Holy See, and above all, its duty
to wards France, prescribe to it the pursuit of its
efforts with perseverance that ought not to become
tired either with the obstinate resistance or unre-
flecting impatience which sufficiently explains the
importance of the interests involved in the Roman
question. The Emperor has taken upon himself to
explain in a letter recently inserted in the Moni-
teur the principles which guide his policy, and to
demonstrate to Italy as well as to the Holy See the
aim to be attained and the means to attain it.
From the moment that the Emperor thus indi-
cated the difficulties of the task and the conditions
of success his government has not ceased to renew I
his attempts to reconcile men's minds and to restore
to troubled consciences and suffering interests peace
and security. The results have not, unfortunately,
up to the present time, responded to his wishes ;
but if we have to regret on one side the persist-
ence with which the Court of Rome has refused
to seek with us bases on which to effect an accept-
able transaction, important events, which I cannot
pass over in silence, have happened on the other
side to confirm its resistance, and, by authorising
its doubts, places the government of the Emperor
in new difficulties. Gen. Garibaldi, substituting
his individual initiative for the regular action of the
public powers, organised an expedition notoriously
directed against us, and claiming with arms in his
hands the possession of Rome, placed under the
safeguard of our flag. The government of the King,
I hasten to acknowledge it, with a resolution and
energy to which it is only just to do honour, and
which demonstrated his loyalty, happily suppressed
that attempt. Its conception alone, and the com-
mencement of its execution which followed, re-
vealed, however, in Italy a situation troubled by the
fermentation of anarchical passions. At the same 1
time, in a great neighbouring country, tumultuous
manifestations were organised of which the avowed
object was to affect the resolutions of the govern-
ment of the Emperor. It appears to me superflu-
ous to recal the fact that the flag of France never
retires before any menace. I believe I have no need
either to claim for the policy of my country the
most entire independence from all exterior pres •
sure. Nevertheless, sir, these facts which I cannot
pass over in absolute silence, would not have stop-
ped the government of the Emperor in its perseve-
ring efforts to arrive at the conciliation of the two
great interests in Italy, which are the objects of his
constant solicitude, if the official communication
which was made to us in the aircular of Gen.Durando,
of the 10th of last month, and the publication which
that document received, had not, for the moment,
destroyed the hope that we wished to found on the
disposition of the Italian Government to effect the
transaction which we wish to bring to bear. In
effect, after having referred to the suppression of
the attempt of Garibaldi, General Durando appro-
priates it in his programme ; and asserting the
right of Italy over Rome, claims in the name of his
Government the delivery of that capital and the
dispossession of the Holy Father. In presence of
this solemn assertion and this peremptory revindi-
cation, all discussion appears tome useless, and all
attempts at an accommodation illusory. I state it
with sincere regret, the Italian Government, by its
absolute declarations, which I have just recalled to
mind, is placed on ground on which the permanent
and traditional interests of France, not less than
the actual exigencies of her policy, interdict us
from following. I do justice to the friendly and
moderate form of the communication which has been
made to me in the last place by the Minister of
but I in vain search therein for the elements
of a negotiation to which we can lend ourselves.
According to our view, this negotiation can only
have for object to conciliate two interests which re-
commend themselves to our solicitude by different
titles, both equally respectable for us, and we should
not know how to sacrifice the one to the other. The
Italian Government knows, besides, that it will
always find us disposed to examine with deference
and sympathy all the combinations which it may
suggest to us, and which would appear of a nature
to accomplish the object which wisdom, we would
hope, will at last aid us to attain.
Will you please, sir, to read this despatch to the
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Italy, and leave a
e°Ps' with him. Receive, &c.,
DE.OUYN DE LTIUYS.

Rheumatism,
of all diseases,
[Aututii-r is p, NT 1
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nde Rheumatic Gout are the most dreaded
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safe
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and Pills have proved the greatest blessing
_ In removing
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