The Sun.
London, England, 1865-07-06 00:00:00

The Cessation of the American War.

The following.correspondence has been presented
to Parliament by command of her Majesty :

No. 1.
EARL RUSSELL TO Sat F. BRUCE.

Foreign-office, June 2, 1865.

Sir,—l received 'on the 25th ult. y.ur despatch of the 10th
ult., enclosing a copy, taken from a newspaper, of a procla-
mation issued by the President of the United States on that
day, declaring among other matters that " armed resistance
to the authority of this Government," namely, the Govern-
ment of the United States, "may bo regarded as virtually
at an end ; and the persons by whom that resistance as well
as the operations of insurgent cruisers were directed are
fugitives or captives."
On the day following the receipt of the despatch intelli-
gence reached this country of the capture of President Davis
by the military forces of the United States.
In this state of things her Majesty's Government lost no
time in communicating:with the Government of the Em-
peror of the French as to the course which should be pur-
sued by the two Governments ; and while those communi-
cations were in progress, I received officially from Mr.
Adams, on the 30th ult., a copy of the President's procla-
mation of the 10th.

It would, indeed, have been more satisfactory if the Go-
vernment of the United States had accompanied the com-
munication of the President's proclamation with a declara-
tion that they formally renounced tho exercise as regards
neutrals of the rights of a belligerent ; but her Majesty's
Government considered that, in the existing posture of
affairs, the delay of any formal renunciation to that effect
did not afford to neutral powers sufficient warrant for con-
tinuing to admit the possession of a belligerent character by
a Confederation of States which had been actually dissolved.
The late President of the so-called Confederate States has
been captured and transported as a prisoner to Fort Monroe;
the armies hitherto kept in the field by the Confederate
States have, for the most part, surrendered or dispersed;
and to continue to recognise those States as belligerents
would not only bo inconsistent with the actual condition of
affairs, but might lead to much embarrassment and com-
plication in the relations between neutral Powers and the
Government of the United States.

Her Majesty's Government have accordingly, after com-
munication with the Government of the Emperor of the
French, determined to consider the war which bas lately pre-
vailed between the United States and the so-called Con-
federate States of North America to have ceased de facto;
and, on that ground, they recognise the re-establishment of
peace within the whole territory of which the United States,
before the commencement of the civil war, wore in undis-
turbed possession.
As a necessary consequence of this recognition, her Ma-
jesty's Government forthwith send to her Majesty's autho-
rities in all ports, harbours, and waters belonging to her
Majesty, whether in the United Kingdom or beyond the
seas, orders henceforth to refuse admission into any such
ports, harbours, and waters, of any vessel of war carrying a
Confederate flag, and to require any Confederate vessels of
war which, at the time that the orders may be received by
her Majesty's authorities, may have already entered such
ports, harbours, and waters, on the faith of proclamations
heretofore issued by her Majesty, and which, having com-
plied with the provisions of such proclamations, may be
actually within such ports, harbours, and waters, forthwith
to depart from the same.

But in adopting this decision as regards Confederate
vessels of war found within British ports, harbours, and
waters, when the orders are received by her Majesty's autho-
rities, her Majesq 's Government consider that a due regard
for national good faith and honour requires that her Ma-
jesty's authorities should be instructed that any Confede-
rate vessels of war so required to depart should, on their
departure, have the benefit of the prohibition heretofore
enforced against their being pursued within 24 hours by a
cruiser of the United States lying at the time within the
same port, harbour, and waters, and that such prohibition
should be then and for the last time maintained in favour of
such Confederate vessels of war.
Her Majesty's Government cannot anticipate any objection
being made by the Government of the United States to this
reserve, when the ground on which it is adopted is ex-
plained to that Government.

Her Majesty's Government have, however, thought it
right to provide for the contingency of the commander of
any Confederate vessel of war which may be found in any
port, harbour, or waters of her Majesty's dominions at the
time when these new orders are received by her Majesty's
authorities, or may enter such, port, harbour, or waters,
within a month after these new orders are received, desiring
to divest his vessel of her warlike character, and to assume
the flag of any nation recognised by her Majesty's Govern-
ment as in a state of peace with her Majesty; and in such a
case her Majesty's authorities will be authorised to allow
the commander of the vessel to do so, and after disarming
her, to remain without a Confederate flag within British
waters at his own risk in all respects; in which case such
commander will be distinctly apprised that ho is to expect
no further protection from her Majesty's Government, except
such as he may be entitled to in the ordinary course of the
administration of the law in time of peace. The rule as to
24 hours would not be applicable to the case of such vessel.

I have to instruct you to lose no time in making known to
the Government of the United State; by communicating to
the Secretary of State a copy of this despatch, the course of
action on which her Majesty's Government have decided,
and which they doubt not will be agreeable to the Govern-
ment of the United States. But in making this communi-
cation to the Secretary of State, you will add that her
Majesty's Government have adopted this course under the
full persuasion that the Government of the United States
will, on their part, at once desist from exercising towards
neutrals the rights of blockade, and of search and detention
of neutral vessels on the high seas, which can be lawfully
exercised by belligerents alone, and which a Power not en-
gaged in warfare cannot under the law of nations assume to
exercise.—l am, &c., (Signed) RUSSELL.

No. 2.

SIR F. BRUCE TO EARL RUSSELL.—(Received July 3.)
Washington, June 19, 1865.
My Lord,—ln accordance with the instructions contained
in your lordship's despatch of the 2d inst., I left a copy of
that despatch with Mr. Hunter, Acting Secretary of State,
and have now the honour to inclose a copy of Mr. Seward's
reply just received.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) FREDERICK W. A. BRUCE.
(Inclosure in No. 2.)
MR. SEWARD TO SIR P. BRUCE.

Washington, June 19, 1865.
8
has been given to a despatch
which irDD
Earlepu aletm consideratione
Russellnt oa addressed State,
Ires se d to you on the 2d of June inst.
and of which, on the 14th instant, you were so kind as to
leave a copy at this department. The President is gratified
by the information which that paper contains, to the effect
that her Majesty's Government have determined to consider
the war which has lately prevailed between the United

States and the insurgents of this country to have ceased de
facto, and that her Majesty's Government now recognise
the re-establishment of peace within the whole territory, of
which the United States were in undisturbed possession at
the beginning of the civil war.
The President is also gratified to learn from Earl Russell's
despatch that her Majesty's Government will forthwith send
to her Majesty's authorities in all ports, harbours, and
waters belonging to her Majesty, whether within the United
Kingdom or beyond the seas, orders henceforth to refuse

The correspondence which took place between this Go-
vernment and that of her Majesty at an early stage of the
insurrection shows that the United States deemed tho for-
mation of a mutual engagement by Great Britain with
France, that those two Powers would act in concert in
regard to the said insurrection, to be an unfriendly pro-
ceeding, and that the United States therefore declined to
receive from either of those Powers any communication
which avowed the existence of such an arrangement. I
have therefore now to regret that Earl Russell has thought
it necessary to inform this Government that her Majesty's
Government have found it expedient to consult with the
Government of France upon the question whether her Ma-
jesty's Government will now recognise the restoration of
peace in the United States.
It is a further source of regret that her Majesty's Go-
vernment avow that they will still continue to consider
that any United States' cruiser, which shall hereafter be
lying in a British port, harbour, or waters, shall be .do-
tained 24 hours, so as to afford an opportunity for an in-
surgent vessel, then actually being within the said port,
harbour, or waters, to gain the advantage of the same time
for her departure from the same port, harbour or waters.
It is further source of regret that her Majesty's Govern-
ment have deemed it proper to make the additional reserva-
tion in favour of insurgent vessels of war, that for the
period of a whole month which shall elapse after the new
orders now to be issued by her Majesty's Government shall
have been received by the said authorities, any insurgent
vessel which may be found in or which may enter any port,
harbour or waters of her Majesty's dominions, and which
may desire to divest itself of its warlike character, and to
assumo the flag of any nation recognised by her Majesty's
Government with which her Majesty is at peace, will be
allowed to do so ; and further, that such vessels, after dis-
arming themselves, will be permitted to remain in such port,
harbour, or waters without an insurgent flag, although the
24 hours' rule will not be applicable to the cases of such
vessels. Far from being able to admit the legality or justice
of the instructions thus made, it is my duty to inform your
Excellency that, in the first place, the United States can-
not assent to an abridgment of reciprocal hospitalities be-
tween the public vessels of the United States and those of
Great Britain. So long as her Majesty's Government shall
insist upon enforcing the twenty-four hours' rule before
mentioned of which the United States have so long, and,
as they think, so justly complained, the United States must
apply the same rule to public vessels of Great Britain.
Again, it is my duty further to state that the United
States cannot admit, and, on the contrary, they controvert
and protest against the decision of the British Government,
which would allow vessels of war of insurgents or pirates to
enter or to leave British ports, whether for disarmament or
otherwise, or for assuming a foreign flag or otherwise. As
to all insurgent or piratical vessels found in ports, harbours,
or waters of British dominions, whether they entered into
such ports, harbours, or waters before or after any new
orders of her Majesty's Government may be received by any
authority of her Maje'sty's Government established there,
this Government maintains and insists that such vessels are
forfeited to and ought to be delivered to the United States
upon reasonable application in such cases made, and that if
captured at sea under whatever flag by a naval force of the
United States, such capture will be lawful.
Notwithstanding,ho wever, the exceptions and reservatiOn s
which have been made by her Majesty's Government, and
which have been herein considered, the United States accept
with pleasure the declaration by which her Majesty's Govern-
ment have withdrawn their former concession of a bellige-
rent character to the insurgents ; and this Government fur-
ther freely admits that the normal relations between the
two countries being practically restored to the condition in
which they stood before the civil war, the right to search
British vessels has come to an end by an arrangement satis-
facto'ry in every material respect between the two nations.

It will be a source of satisfaction to this Government to
know that her Majesty's Government have considered the
views herein presented in a spirit favourable to the estab-
lishment of a lasting and intimate friendship—between tho
two nations.—l have, &c.,

(Signed) WILLIAM IL SEWARD.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

NEWMARKET JULY MEETING.

There was a meagre card and very little to interest this
afternoon. Two matches and five races occupied a couple
of hours or so pleasantly enough with no great amount of
excitement to render the heat disagreeable.
In a field of 15 for the Handicap Plate two favourites
suffered defeat from Oberon, whom Loates brought out at
the dip and won by three-quarters of a length. The fielders
had another good turn in the Beaufort Stakes, which Fan-
tail, almost unbacked, won in a common canter. The day
indeed was disastrous to the gentlemen, as, with the excep-
tion of Attache in the Town Plate, they did not pull off a
single coup. The worst blow of all was the overthrow of
Robin Hood in the Exeter Stakes. The money was put
down in handfuls, and Lord Portsmouth's colt, who is a
slow beginner, and consequently not good at a short dis-
tance, was beaten after a fine race by Mr. Pitt, whom the
Duke of Beaufort only made up his mind to start at the
last moment on the off chance. His Grace, however, backed
him with his characteristic spirit, and was loudly cheered
by the Ring on his success. Curiously enough, neither
first nor second are in the. Derby.
Match—Last half-mile of New T.Y.C. 100, h ft.

Mr. H. Savile's La Mechante, 3 yrs, Bst 121 b ...(Aldcroft) 1
Sir J. Hawley's Caryophyllus, 4 yrs, Bst 81b (Wells) 2

Betting-12 to 10 on La Mechante, who waited upon the
non-favourite to the cords, where she went up and won
cleverly by half a length.
Match—Last half-mile of New T.Y.C., 100, h ft.
Marquis el Hastings' Pantaloon, Bst 121 b (Fordham) 1
Lord Rondlesham's Black Duchess, 7st 101 b (S. Adams) 2
The betting opened at 6 to 4 on Black Duchess, and closed
at 11 to 10 on Pantaloon.

The favourite taking a clear lead made all tho running,
and won in a canter by two lengths.
Handicap Plate of £5O, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. New
T.Y.C. The highest weight left in at 10 o'clock, the
evening before running, being 7st 71b., it was raised to
Bst 121 b, and the others in proportion.

Mr. Berne's Oberon, aged, 7st 121 b (Loates 1
Capt. Machell's Jnpon, 4 yrs, Bst (Edwards 2
Mr. R. C. Naylor's Knight of the Whistle, 3 yrs, 6st 121
(lluatable) 3

The following also ran :—Dr. Syntax, Regina, Pupil,
Principal, lona colt, Real Jam, Sister to Evelina, Bavarde,
Sister Mary, Spice, Spadassin, Rejection, and Ethel.
Betting-4 to 1 agst Rejection, 9to 2 agst Jupon, Bto 1
agst Pupil, 10 to 1 each agst Spice and Bavarde, 100 to 8
agst Oberon, 100 to 7 agst Real Jam.
Rejection lying in the centre was the first away, having
Sister Mary, Jupon, Principal, Pupil, and Oberon as his
immediate attendants, the others, who were headed by Real
Jam, Knight of the Whistle, and Ethel, being close intheir
wake. They retained these positionsinto the cords, where
Lord Stamford's filly gave way, leaving Jupon in advalce,
but who was shortly after headed by Oberon, who won
rather cleverly at last by three parts of a length ; a bad
third, Rejection was fourth, Principal fifth, Regina sixth.
Ethel and Spice were the two last.
The Beaufort Stakes Handicap of 25 sovs each, 15 ft, and
5 if declared, with 100 sovs added, for 3-yr-olds and up-
wards; winners extra. Suffolk Stakes Course. 10 subs.
Mr. Perry's Fantail, 5 yrs, 7st 81b (H. Covey) 1
Mr. Gunnell's Grace Darling, 3 yrs, 6st 61b (Barker 2
Mr. Lunel's Bayard, 4 yrs, Bst 21b (J. Watkins 3
Mr. Hodgman's The Monk, aged, Bst (Morris 4
Mr. Saville's Privateer, 4 yrs, 7st 101 b, car 7st 121 b
(Fordham) 5
Baron Rothschild's Tomato, 4 yrs, 9st 21b (Wells) 6
Betting-5 to 2 agst Tomato, 7to 2 agst The Monk, sto
1 agst Bayard, 100 to 15 agst Privateer, and 8 to 1 agst
Fantail.

They left the post in close company, and ran so for aquar-
ter of a mile, when the running was taken up by Privateer,
who carried it to the Plantation turn, where he gave way
to Grace Darling, The Monk, and the favourite, who came
on together into the bottom,where Fantail came up on their
left, and half-way up the hill dispossessed Grace Darling of
her lead, and won very easily by throe lengths ; a like dis-
tance separated the second and third.
The Midsummer Stakes of 50 sovs each, h ft, for 3-yr-old
colts, Bst 101 b, and fillies Bst 61b. Winners extra, with
certain allowances. The owner of the second horse to
receive back his stake. B.M. 8 subs.
Mr. S. Thellusson's Salliet, BSt llb (Perry 1
Mr. Naylor's Lazaretto, Bst 121 b (Challoner 2
Sir J. Hawley's The Caloyer, Bst slb (Fordham 3
Count Batthyany's Puritan, Bst 111 b (Custance 4
Betting-7 to 4 agst Lazaretto, 2to 1 agst Puritan, and 5
to 1 each agst Salliet and The Caloyer.
The favourite, in company with The Caloyer and Puritan,
made the running to half way up the hill, where Salliet, who
had hitherto lain away came up, and won very easily by
three parts of a length; a bad third. Puritan, who ran un-
kindly throughout, finished a wretched fourth.
The Town Plate of £5O, for 3-yr-old colts, Bst 101 b, and
fillies Bst 61b. B.M. The Ferrara donation of £lO not