The Sun.
London, England, 1862-11-19 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDOW WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 19, 1862.

~....., .a.e
dence placed in him by his fellow- citizens when
the
yelected him a second time to that important
office."
Alderman lIIIMPTIERY said he was sorry that the
senior member of the Court (Alderman Copeland)
was not present at that moment, but in his absence
it gave him very great satisfaction to second the
resolution that had just been read to them. There
I could be no doubt that the late Lord Mayor had
suffered considerably in his health by acceding to
the wishes of his fellow-citizens in serving the
office a second year; but he was certain that they
would all join with him in the hope that he would
speedily be restored to perfect health, and that in
after years he would retied with pleasure upon the
incidents of his two years of office, and be solaced
with the certainty that he had so performed his
duty as to give satisfaction, not only to the citizens
of London, but to the world at large. (Hear, hear.)
The resolution was then put to the Court, and
carried by acclamation, and upon the motion of Al-
derman WILSON, seconded by Alderman CHALLIS,

it was carried that the resolution should be tran-
scribed, and signed by the Town Clerk, and pre-
sented to Mr. Alderman Cubitt ; and that it shall
also be advertised in the usual newspapers.

CHAPLAIN'S REPORT.

The usual annual report of the Rev. Mr. Davis,

the chaplain of Newgate, was presented to the Court,
and upon the motion of Alderman Challis it was
referred to the Gaol Committee, for them to consider
whether it should be presented. _ _ _

_ - An application for permission to store the inflam•
mable material known as petroleum in certain pro.
mises in the City was referred to the General pur.
poses Committee.

CITY BROKERS.
Mr. Frederick Clerk and Mr. William Sheldrick
were allowed as City brokers, and Mr. Walter
Horner Brown and Mr. Stephen 'Nicola= Barber
were discharged from that office.

LORD MAYOR'S DAY.
The Privileges Committee brought up a report
recommending that the old and almost obsolete pre.
cepts usually issued to the ward beadles on Lord
Mayor's Day should be discontinued in future, and
tnat a notice of the intended route of the procession
should be sent to the aldermen of the different wards
instead.

The report was agreed to.
The Court shortly afterwards adjourned.

C/211 SEWERS COMMISSION.

Yesterday a numerously attended meeting of the
members of this Commission was held at the Guild-

hall, under the presidency of Mr. de Jersey. Among
the commissioners present were—Alderman Cope-
land, Deputies Bower, Harrison, Cork, Reed, Lott,
Harker, Pewtress, C. Reed, Butler, Lorkin ; Messrs.
George Walter, H. L. Taylor, Kebble, Dr. Abraham,
I. T. Young, Humphreys, Houghton, Brass, Mur-
rell, C. Young, J. Waterlow, J. Symonds, T.
Symonds, Saunders, Alcock, Blakesley, &c.
The minutes of the previous meeting were read
and confirmed. Among the petitions presented to
the Court was one signed by a large number of

the inhabitants of the ward of Langbourne, in
reference to the recent order of the Court for the
removal of projecting sign tablets erected at various
premises in the city of London. It was urged by
the petitioners that the tablets were a convenience,
rather than otherwise, to the public, their use hav-

ing been admitted by the authorities of the Post
Office and large public bodies, who had extensively
used them throughout the metropolis. It was said

that if the order of the Court for the removal of the
tablets was carried out,the business of the petitioners
and others would be seriously interfered with.
Several of the petitioners attended before the
Court and produced the tablets in respect of which

the order for removal had been made.
Deputy HARRISON observed that he should be
very sorry to do anything to injure the business of
the petitioners in any way whatever ; but if the in-
habitants of the city were permitted to place these
sign tablets outside their premises wherever they
pleased, a great nuisance would arise:in consequence.
However, the matter was one of great importance,
and he thought it better to refer it to a committee
for inquiry and report before any decision was come
to upon the application made that day. He would
move the reference of the petition to the General

Purposes Committee to examine and report.
Mr. J. SYMONS seconded the motion, which was
put and carried.
THE GAS SUPPLY TO THE CITY.

The principal clerk, Mr. JOSEPH DAW, read a re-
port from the General Purposes Committee, to whom
it was referred on the 14th Oct. last, to consider and
report on the nature and condition of the gas con-
tracts for the ensuing year. The committee stated
that they had had under their consideration the re-
sult of the experiments,made by the order of the Court
under the surveyor's direction, of meters attached to
certain public lamps, and they had also had laid be-
fore them reports from the engineer and medical
officer upon the subject. Having carefully considered
the same, the committee recommended that, under
the new contracts, to commence on the Ist February
next, meters should be adopted, one to each lamp,
to be at present limited to the district lighted by
the Great Central Gas Company, and wherein car-
burators were applied to the lamps. (This district
contains.l,77o lamps.) But should the Court desire
to test the system on a smaller scale, it was the
opinion of the committee that it should not be less
than en 500 lamps. They also recommended that
the meters should be contracted for by public ten-
ders, and be affixed without further delay to the
lamps, and that the commissioners should undertake
the lighting, cleansing, and repairing of the lamps
within the district so to be supplied with gas by
meter.

The reports of the engineer to the Commission,
`Zr. W. Haywood, and the medical officer of health,
upon the application of meters to the public lamps,
were added to the committee's report. The report of
the first-named gentleman was somewhat lengthy,
and gave minute details of the experiments made
under his direction for testing the quality of the gas
supplied to the public lamps, and that of Dr. Lethe-
by specially referred to the quality of the naphtha
supplied to the carburetors. The latter stated that,
out of 18 samples of the liquid for the carburetors
submitted to examination, in one-sixth there was
no naphtha whatever, but merely water, in the car-
buretors, and in no instance was the naphtha of the
quality necessary to give the desired increase of
illuminating power to the gas ; for he (Dr. Letheby)
had already ascertained that the naphtha should
give at least 6.5 grains of volative hydro-carbon to
each cubic foot of the gas to raise the illuminat-
ing power to the required standard of 30 per
cent, above the ordinary quality. That this might
be accomplished without difficulty or uncertainty
was manifest from the fact that a gallon of the
naphtha of proper strength would continuously
supply about 6 5 grains of hydro-carbon to each
cubic foot of 9,000 cubic feet of gas. Properly
distributed, therefore, a gallon and a half or two
gallons of good naphtha should be sufficient for a
ycieuaarl'isty consumptionan and
quantity,
of gas at each lamp. At pre -
sent, however, the supply was deficient, both in
and therefore the results
wel7heuennsagtiisnefaecrtoarnyd. medical officer, having care-
fully considered all the points bearing upon the
subject, stated that they had come to the conclu-
sion that with the view of insuring the full amount
of,gas contracted for they were of opinion that it
could only be effected in ono of two ways, namely,
either by the direct and nightly examination of the
quality of gas actually issuing from various bur-
ners, or by affixing a meter to each lamp. Both of
these would be attended with expense ; the former
with some expense and also with somewhat uncer-
tain results, inasmuch as averages would have to be
relied upon ; and they thought the second method
would be the least expensive and the most reliable.
It Nuns probable also, that the rental of a meter to
ewaocuhldlanthopt b
, if provided
a
considerableand a
maintainednnua charbgyec;onintraaeceta,
evidence had of late years been adduced, both
result •
actually and inferentially, to show that economy in
I
the consumption of gas would in this way
but, above all, it would set at rest the doubts which
now prevailed in respect of the quantity of gas sup-
pliedto the lanips, and so far the adoption of the
plan would be satisfactory. Under such an ar-
rangement this Commission should undertake the

entire charge of their lamps, including the light-
ing and extinguishing the same. They could call
upon the companies to supply any given quantity
of gas per hour to the public lamps, and would be
enabled to adopt without hindrance any improve-
ment in respect of burners or other contrivances
that science or experienee might hereafter sug-
gest as a means of increasing the power of
light and economising the consumption of gas.
As regarded the carburating process at the pub-
lic lamps, judging from the experiments already
made, they had no doubt whatever that it might
be successfully applied if the proper amount of gas
was afforded, and a due supply of naphtha, of a
proper quality, was given; and under these two
conditions a considerable saving might be effected
in the cost of public lighting. But it was of the
utmost importance, as regarded the success of the
process, that more precise arrangements should be
adopted for the proper maintenance of the proper
quantity and quality of naphtha in the carburators
than had hitherto existed.
Dr. ABRAHAM moved the adoption of the report
of the General Purposes Committee, but he at the
same time expressed a regret that they had been so
excessively cautious in their recommendation, that
the gas supplied to the City should not be burned
by meter ; for that this was the only fair mode of
supply as between the commission on behalf of the
public on the one band, and the gas companies on
the other. This system was not a new one. It had
been adopted for years past in several Lancashire
towns. In Scotland, also, it had been carried out
successfully, and therefore he said there was no need
for the commission to take the question up as if they
were asked merely to try an experiment. It had
been adopted for years past at Plymouth, St. Ives,
Worthing, Torquay, Leicester, Lincoln, and other
places. Surely then in London where coals were
certainly not dearer, and coke was more valuable
than at-those places, and where there was a much
larger consumption of gas than at any of the towns
mentioned, the system could be carried out with
equally satisfactory results. He would just read to
them the opinion of a practical man upon the sub-
ject who was quoted by Mr. Hughes in his pam-
phlet upon this question. He said—" The gas com-
panies know that it is utterly impossible, and pub-
lic authorities know equally well that it is utterly
impossible, to insure a uniform supply of gas to one-
tenth part of the street lamps during the whole
period .between lighting and putting them out."
He (Dr. Abraham) thought the commission should
not hesitate for a moment to adopt the plan of burn-
ing gas supplied to the public lamps by meter, feel-
ing assured that it would in all respects answer.
After some observations by Deputy Harrison,
Mr. Young, and Mr. Saunders, the recommendation
of the committee was agreed to.
THE ILLUMINATING POWER OF THE GAS SUPPLIED TO
THE CITY.
Dr. LETHEBY presented his report on the illumi-
nating power of the gas supplied to the city of
London, during the autumn quarter, by the Great
Central, the Chartered, and the Commercial Com-
panies. The gas had been tested in accordance
with the instructions of the Metropolis Gas Act of
1860. It had been tested at two places, namely, at
tha London Hospital and at Finsbury-square, and 1
325 examinations had been made. The results were
that the mean illuminating power of the Great
Central Gas was equal to 13.34 sperm candles of
standard quality ; that of the Chartered to 13.78
candles; and that of the Commercial to 13.02. The
weekly average of the Great Central had ranged
from 12.35 candles to 14.60 ; those of the Chartered
from 12.69 to 14.93; and those of the Commercial
from 12.41 to 13.85. The difference in the mean
illuminating power of the Great Central Gas at the
two places where it had been tested, namely, at
Finsbury-square and at the London Hospital, which
were nearly two miles apart, differed only to the
extent of 0.42 of a candle ; and as the largest ave-
rage (13.55) was at Finsbury• square, it was mani-
fest that the difference was accidental.
The results indicate that the gas supplied to the
City by the three companies have not, during any
week, been below the standard quality, and that
the quarterly averages have been from 8.5 to 15
per cent. above it. The former is the excess of the
Commercial average, and the latter that of the
Chartered, that of the Great Central having been
13 per cent. over the standard. Last year at this
time the quarterly average of the Great Central was
only 12.16 sperm candles, and the mean illuminat-
ing power of that gas for the corresponding quar-
ter of the last seven years has been 12.55 candles.
The quality of the gas is therefore improving.
SANATORY CONDITION OF TILE CITY.

Dr. LETHEBY, the medical officer of health, re.
ported on the state of 346 houses that had been in.
spected since the last meeting of the commission
and he submitted a list of 77 places for sanatory
improvement. He likewise reported that the mar-
kets and slaughter-houses of the City had been duly
inspected, and the officers had seized 11,2011b5, or
five tons of meat, and 131 head of game and poul-
try, as unfit for human food. It consisted of 28
sheep, 5 calves, 36 pigs, 71 quarters of beef, and 37
joints of meat ; 9,3291b5. were diseased, 5041 b. were
from animals that had died from disease or accident,
and the rest was putrid. All of it was destroyed at
the boiler. On Thursday last William Cole, a job-
bing butcher of Newgate-market, was summoned for
exposing a diseased pig for sale as human food, and
he was fined 40s. and costs. He stated that he had
purchased it at 2d. per lb. of Mr. Bonsor's foreman,
and the magistrate expressed an opinion that Mr.
Bonsor, or his foreman, should also be proceeded
against.
The mortality returns for the last fortnight are a
little above the average for the season. 119 deaths
were returned instead of 114, which is the average
number for the corresponding period of the last
seven years. 48, or nearly half of the deaths were
among children of less than five years of age, and 29
were among persons of 60 and upwards. The chief
num
causes of death were as follows :—Phthisis 12, mesen-
tericer disease 5
, arl
bronchitis 9, continued
f
'et') e
feveron 9,i a 8
croup and diphtheria 3,
measles 6, whooping cough 1, and infantile diarrhwa
e vsc 7
4, making together 19 deaths from tubercular dis-
eases, 29 from inflammatory affections of the lungs,
and 28 from diseases of the zymotic class.
The court then adjourned.

that the late Sir George Bowyer died on the lst of
July, 1860, and by his will appointed the defend-
ant his sole execator. The father of the applicant
had advanced the late Sir Geo. Bowyer £1,300 on
the security of bonds, but neither the principal nor
the interest had been paid up to the present time.
The testator had resided abroad, and there were no
means of recovering the money he owed, and his
son had not administered.
The Court granted the application.
-WALLACE V. WALLACE.
In this case, which was heard before the Judge
Ordinary on the 12th inst., the wife obtained a de •
cree of judicial separation from her husband, a non-
practising member of the legal profession, who re-
sides at Fisherton, near Salisbury. There was one
child, a daughter, issue of the marriage, and the
court, from the grossly profligate conduct of the
respondent, acceeded to the application of the
petitioner's counsel that she would remain in the
custody of the mother until further orders.
The Queen's Advocate, on the part of the peti-
tioner, applied to the court to decree alimony to the
wife to the amount of £l5O a year, taking into con-
sideration that she had the custody of the child.
Mr. Day, counsel for the respondent, suggested
that the mother might not be made the permanent
custodian of the child, and, therefore, that until the
future guardianship was determined the court ought
not to make any final order.
Sir C. Cresswell said, from the evidence as to
the conduct of the father, that he had not the
slightest intention of giving the child into his cus-
tody, and he would make an order for permanent
alimony at the rate of £l5O a year, to be paid
quarterly.
The QueeqAdvocate then said that he had to
apply to theeurt for an order giving the custody
of the child to the petitioner.
Mr. Day said he hoped the Court would not
make this order, as his client was anxious to
have an opportunity of meeting the scandalous
charges that had been made against him. He com-
plained that the respondent had not been fur-
nished by the other side with the affidavits which
had been filed on behalf of the petitioner in time to
enable him to defend himself properly.
Sir C. Cresswell said that he would accede to the
application of the learned counsel respecting an order
for the custody of the child, as there did appear to
be some delay in zupplying the respondent with affi-
davits. He was also induced to postpone the order,
taking into consideration that the respondent might
desire to have access to his child. He would con-
sent to allow him to have such access, if arrange-
ments could be made between counsel as to the cir-
cumstances under which he was to see the child.
If, however, anything improper was proved on be-
half of the respondent, the Court would put an end
to any further interview between him and the child.

MIDDLESEX SESSIONS, Nov. 18.

(Before Mr. Payne.)