The Sun.
London, England, 1862-06-10 00:00:00

THE SUNL LONDON, TUESD ,kY EVENING, JUNE 10, 1862,

Congress at Exeter Hall by the noble and learned
President of the whole Association, Lord
BROUGHAM—the Earl of SAFTESBURY nevertheless
continued very gracefully to offer his tribute also
to the many tributes of affection and gratitude
placed by loving and reverential hands upon the
tomb of his late Roy al Highness the PRINCE CON-
SORT. Having delivered his heart of which utter-
ance of loyal sympathy with the QUEEN in her
affliction, the noble Earl took occasion to offer in
the name of his fellow-subjects collectively the
earnest greeting of a cordial welcome to all the
various foreigners flocking day by day in increas-
ing numbers to our shores—the few to the Social
Science Congress—the many to the Great Inter-
national Exhibition. It was after these preliminary
observations of Lord SHAFTESBURY'S that the noble
President of the Association of the Promoters
of International Benevolence addressed to his
hearers the impressive words already quoted.
They are words the force of which and
the appositeness of which as here uttered by Lord
SHAFTESBURY, the general reader will now more
fully appreciate. They are especially suitable for
the inauguration of a Congress having for its object
the amelioration of the physical, intellectual, and
moral condition of the working classes and of the
poor—(as the noble Earl tho President now humanely
suggests, and therefore, as we presume, we may
now expressly add in so many words)-=the poor of
all classes indiscriminately. The truth thus uttered
by Lord SHAFTESBURY upon the inaugration of the
" Congres International de Bienfaisance " is like
good seed dropped in the right soil and this too in
the right season. We may rest assured that it will
there duly germinate and fructify. And the fruit
which good seed of this kind is destined to bear, is
of a kind that is always secure enough of rendering
itself apparent.
It will be, observed of course as eminently
judicious, that the order of amelioration
projected by this Congress (as we may lite-
rally call them) of Cosmopolitan Philanthropists,
begins with the " physical" and so rises through
the " inteliectual " to the " moral " condition of the
working classes and of the poor (we will here
again add) of all classes. Having expatiated—as
few could well do more feelingly than Lord SHAF-
TESBURY (because of the scope both in time and
space of his own personal observations upon the
subject) upon the necessity for improving the
domiciliary condition of the great mass of mankind,
the President subsequently, in his inaugural address,
touched upon themes as various and as vital in their
way, as—Female Employment—Early Marriages
—Emigration—Loan Funds—Public Nurseries—
Ragged Schools—Shoeblack Brigades—the Men-
dicity Society—Baths and Wash-houses—Common
Lodging-houses and Foundling Hospitals.
"Fatal institutions," Lord SHAFTESBURY called
these last. Speaking of them thus, however,
we cannot but think rather too harshly and
precipitately. Nay, we cannot but feel convinced
that, upon reflection, the noble Earl himself would
be somewhat disposed to modify his views upon the
subject, if his lordship will only take into account,
for a few moments, the bearing of one of the very
last Parliamentary papers moved for by the late
lamented Member for the borough of Finsbury. A
frightful revelation, in truth, was contained in that
paper—allusion being here made to the return
moved fora session or two back by Mr.T. DUNCOMBE,
giving the number of infanticides brought to light
before coroners' juries during the two or three pre-
vious years within the metropolis and its imme-
diate neighbourhood. Philanthropists, thinking
and practical philanthropists, have argued, in regard
to those appalling revelations, and certainly with
some show of truth upon the very surface
of their reasoning, that we should most
assuredly hear less of these execrable crimes of in.
fanticido if the bell and turn-table of the French
Foundling Hospital were only adopted amongst
us. Certainly, there is this to be said, that in
proportion to the population of the two countries,
there are not more numerous illegitimate births in
France than in England : while there certainly
are, beyond any doubt of it, so far as statistics can
enable us to judge, far more numerous cases of
infanticide in this country than among our neigh-
bours. It may occur, therefore, even to Lord
SHAFTESBURY—in remembrance of these facts—
that Foundling Hospitals may not be such "fatal
institutions" after all!

Lord BROUGHAM gave us, in his inaugural address
the other day, a rather sunny view of the progress
of constitutional liberty in Europe; and the latest
news on the subject is quite a gleam of sunshine.
Both Austria and Prussia, whose Chambers we have
been accustomed to regard as little better than
shams, have shewed some real parliamentary mettle.
There has been nothing of the wild or extravagant
kind, nothing which could give pleasure, by its
impracticable character, to the enemies of free insti-
tutions, but quite enough to make both KAISER and
KING feel that parliaments such as these are a real
check on cabinets; and if monarchs imprudently
make themselves personally prominent, a check
on monarchs too.

The youthful Austrian Chamber has begun in
the good old style of refusing the supplies! We
have got past that stage—indeed, have been only
guilty, lately, of voting too large supplies;
but our ancestors well knew the value of this instru-
ment of popular warfare in their battles with STUART
Kings. The Austrian Chamber has fairly bearded
its Chancellor of the Exchequer, Herr VON PLENER.
He brought forward a budget in which he esti-
mated his deficiency, in English money and round
numbers, at £6,000,000. The House has a com-
mittee of finance; it overhauled the budget, and the
report was that the deficiency was really £7,400,000.
The House showed a strong feeling on the subject,
and came to the resolution to vote no new taxes or
augmentations of taxes till the Minister showed
more conclusively that he could establish a balance
between estimates and expenditure. It is but fair
to remember that this is the same "Rump Reichs-
rath," from whom no one expected anything but
the most humble deference to the behests of the
Minister. The Hungarian and other more liberal
deputies are not there, and yet this " Rump"
ventures to bring the Government sharply up on
the most vital of all questions, as it has always
proved, in regard to popular liberty. This same
" Rump " has also shown courage, and greatly
annoyed Ministers by objecting to legislate for
those parts of the empire which refused to send
representatives.
The Prussian Parliament has also been concluding
its first act in a manner worthy of its election. It
has passed' the Address with the liberal emenda-
tions by a mejority of 219 votes to 101. The whole
185 a
house numbers but 352 members ; there must,
Itherefore, have been considerable interest in the
vote. Those amendments pointed, amongst other
things,dpartly
to
liberal foreign policy, the language
be.nBg, selected n
dissolved parliament,partly
from fromnaf a
vt
oh favour
rof
resolution
theofKING'S
thelimessageberretci
recently
ns y t
oflin
Hesse. But there
were even less pala-
table additions.
the burden of taxation to a
"reduction of One, for instance, specified,
a
proportion corresponding with the power of the
country to support Mr. COBDEN and Mr.

GLADSTONE would ba delighted could they induce
our House of Commons to do anything like this. Mr.
WALPOLE'S amendment wa.3 nothing compared with
it. Can we fancy Lard PALMERSTON holding office
after being asked to adjust taxation, not according
io the iron navy which France was building, but in
accordance with the discomfort of tax-payers and
pressure on small incomes P There was another
amendment which we do not so definitely appre-
ciate here, but we easily me that it is in favour of
local self-government as distinguished from bureau-
cracy and centralisation. Itrequested the "founda-
tion to be laid of an indepeadent administration of
communes and districts." This could only mean,
we shall manage our own affairs better than the
nominees of Berlin officials tan manage them for us
—an opinion in which England will certainly
coincide,

THE LATE VOLUNTEEI, COURT-MARTIAL AT
LIVERPOOL.—The officers' court-martial lately held at
Liverpool relative to the conduct of Captain Maxwell, of
the sth Liverpool Rifle Voluntwrs, having found the con-
duct of that officer to be " higlly irregular and subversive
of discipline," the Lord-Lienterant of the county (the Earl
of Sefton) has demanded his re;ignation.
BAPTISM OF ONE HUNDIED AND EIGHTY-NINE
CHILDREN.—At the afternoon service in Christ Church,
St. George's East, on Whit tunday, 189 children were
baptised, 78 of them under two years of age, 76 between
two and seven years, 32 between seven and 14, and three
over 14 years. It has been ascertained by a careful house-
to-house visitation recently rude, that in 36 streets of this
district, containing a population of 11,170, 582 children
were unbaptised. Not withsta-ding the large number pre-
sent on Sunday, there remain nearly 400 not yet admitted
to the solemn rite.

SHOCKING SUICIDE AT BIRMINGHAM.—A man
named Thomas Bullock, gun barel rifler, residing in New
Canal-street, committed suicide on Saturday afternoon,
under the following circumstances. It appeared that the
deceased, who had ill-treated hi* wife and turned her out of
doors, was living with another woman, and his wife having
become chargeable to the pariah, he was summoned before
themagistrates on Tuesday for deserting his wife and family.
At the hearing the deceased promised amendment, and the
case was dismissed, he promising to take his wife home.
On going home the following day deceased again drove her
from the house, and she again went to the workhouse. The
same night the deceased, hearing that she had again gone
to the parish, worked himself into a violent passion, and
said, with an oath, that he would buy a revolver and "do
for four," meaning himself, his wife, his paramour, and
one of his wife's relatives. On Friday morning Bullock,
in company with another man, bought a revolver, but how
he spent the remainder of :7 - day or the following night is
not known. On Saturday he called on his wife's nephew,
and asked him to drive him to the workhouse, as he was
going to fetch his wife home. After waiting some time,
during which deceased appeared greatly excited, his wife
came to him, and they sat on a bench some time in conver-
sation. He then jumped up violently, threw his hat on the
ground, and presented a pistol at his nephew. The latter
made an attempt to push the weapon aside, when deceased
put the muzzle of the weapon in his own mouth and fired.
He fell to the ground, and the surgeon to the workhouse
was instantly on the spot, but life was extinct.

The Vicroy of Egypt, as far as connubial ties are
admissible to the followers of the Crescent, has not in-
dulged in the license allowed to so exalted a personage. It
appears that he is net blest with more than two wives. From
the youngest was born his only son, Tcussoon Pasha. The
fair lady was only an inmate of the harem, when, the birth
of an infant occurring, she was elevated to her present
high position. Acccording to present appearances, it will
be long before fate will call the young prince to the throne.
There exists now ihree descendants of the great Mehemet
Ali, who, by right of primogeniture will be called upon to
wield the sceptre before this youth—namely Ismael Pasha,
and Mustapha Pasha, sons of Ibrahim Pasha, and Halim
Pasha, son of Mehemet Ali.
THE REPEAL OF THE INDIAN IMPORT DUTIES.—
On Saturday evening, an outdoor demonstration'vvas held
at Blackburn, to memorialise the Government for the
immediate repeal of the remaining duties of five per cent.
on cotton goods, and three and a half per cent. on cotton
yarns imported into British India. Mr. Elijah Holt was
elected to preside.—Mr. Richard Hodgson, of Darwen,
moved the first resolution : " That this meeting being
mainly dependent on the cotton trade, which by the un-
happy events of the past twelve months has b3.3n so
utterly convulsed as to deprive about 20,000 operatives of
the district of the means of living, and seriously diminished
the prosperity and prospects of all, and having no desire to
embarrass her Majesty's Government in any way, solicits
the alleviation of their present load of suffering long and
patiently endured, by the removal of the remaining duties
of five per cent. on cotton goods, and three and a half per
cent. on cotton yarns, imported into British India."—Mr.
Jacob Waring, of Burnley, seconded the resolution, which
was carried. Other resolutions of similar import were also
carried, and it was decided that a memorial be presented to
Lord Palmerston and ,t,ir unarics Wood, by a deputation
of East Lancashire operatives, at the earliest opportunity:

BOAT ACCIDENT.—On Sunday, a melancholy
accident occurred to the crew of a boat, named the Pilot, on
the river Mersey, between Runcorn and 'Warrington. It
appears that thirteen men, all from Warrington, set out on
a pleasure excursion, but more especially for the purpose of
trying a new sail, with which the boat had been fitted in
preparation for a forthcoming regatta, and on rounding a
bend in the river, not far from Runcorn Gap, the boat was
caught by a sudden gust of wind, and capsized. Four of
the men were drowned. Their names are Richard Fair-
hurst, assistant to the inspector of weights and measures,
Warrington ; Thomas Clarke, of the Dallam Ironworks,
Warrington ; George Smith, wire drawer, in the employ of
Messrs. Rylands Brothers, Warrington; and Ralph Hill,
a private watchman. The remainder of the crew reached
the shore. Two of them are still in a precarious condition.
Of the men that were crowned, two or more hate left wives
and large families The bodies of Hill and Smith have
been recovered.—/fanchester Guardian.

JUSTICE TO IRELAND, one of the facts that will
render 1862 remarkable in the Great Beer Battle now just
initiated in Brotnpton. For the first time since the days of
Dr. Johnson a rival to London Porter has made its appear-
ance 'in the field. It assumes the guise of an Irish
Labourer. Cork has the credit of demanding Justice to
Ireland for its Stout. The innovating refreshment is dis-
pensed from the I.llternational Bazaar, where it is sup
plied on a monopoly special for the purpose by Messrs.
Beamish and Crawford, the ' Barclay and Perkins' of Cork,
at a price to compete with our staple metropolitan bever-
ages. The workmen at the Annexes and those connected
with the Engineering and Building departments have
found this out, and great is the commotion among those
" men of taste" on the newly mooted question of the various
brewings of London, Burton, and Cork. The excitement
has already assumed the signs of an Election Contest, with
this important difference, however, that in this instance
the elector votes for his candidate by paying for him. A
return of the number of quarts drawn on either side would
be an interesting document.
How THE DUKE OF CHANDOS GOT A WIFE.—
Riding along the road, he saw a drunken groom of a neigh-
ing nobleman unmercifully beating his wife, who was
quite a young creature, and whose situation and appeal ance
much interested the duke. The man was not disposed to
acquiesce in the remonstrance made against his cruelty, so
nothing remained but for the duke to buy the man's wife
from him, which accordingly he did, He was a little
pustsled to know what to do with his purchase, but in the
meanwhile sent her to an excellent school, where she
turned out a very apt scholar. In a short time the hus-
band died of drink, from the money he had received for his
wife. The Duchess of Chandos, his second duchess, also
soon died. The duke married his purchase, who became an
exemplary character, as his third wife and duchess.—
Ramsay' s Handel.
THE THAMES EMBANKMENT.—Petitions have
been presented for consideration of the c mmittee claiming
special protection, from the London, Chatham, and Dover
and Charing-cross Railway Companies. The first men-
tioned company set forth that a provision was inserted in
their Metropolitan Extensions Act to the effect that it was
desirable that their bridge at Blackfriars should not inter-
fere with the embankment of the Thames, and that they
might construct and carry it on a level not higher than
37ft above Trinity high •water mark on receiving a notice to
that effect from the Board of Trade, but no such notice had
been received, and considerable expenditure bad been in-
curred by the company in preliminary proceedings. The
works intended to be constructed by the Thames Embank-
ment will, they allege, interfere with the construction of
their railway and bridge in a manner beyond their parlia-
mentary powers, and not be compatible with those portions
of the line already constructed, will entail on them in-
creased expenditure, and involve an entire change in their
plans and arrangements. The Charing-cross Railway Com-
pany state that they are the 'owners of all the property
known as BungErford-market, including the Suspension-
bridge, and have agreed to pay £55,000 to the market and
£85,000 to the bridge company for their right and interest,
together with the wharfage dues, piers, and tolls ;, that the
embankment will interfere with their central station at
Charing-cross, and with the revenue to be derived from the
tolls and dues, by the establishment in connection with the
embankment of competing piers and landing places. Objec-
tion is also taken by the London, Chatham, and Dover
Company to the powers sought for, to the compulsory pur-
chase of lands r equired for their own undertaking.
GROUSE DISEASE.—This old offender has now
resumed his depreciations on the moors of Glenavon and
elsewhere to a considerable extent. Since the beginning
of this month the grouse are to be seen strewed along the
sides of the rivulets.—Aberdeen Herald.

THE LATE LORD PEMBROKE,—The great sale
of the late Lord Peml•roke's horses, &c., is fixed to take
place in Paris on the 17th inst.; and the pictures, &c., are
to be sold in the following week.

SOUTH KENSINGTON MUSEUM.—During the
week ending June 7, the visitors have been as follows : On
Monday, Tuesday, and Saturday, free days, open from 10
a.m. to 10 p.m., 12,882; on Wednesday, Thursday, and
Friday, students' day (admission to the public 6d), open
from 10 a.m. till 6 p.m., 6,315; conversazione, Friday
evening, 2,086 ; total, 21,283. From the opening of the
Museum, 2,760,364.
MANCHESTER AND MILFORD RAILWAY.—A
special general meeting of this company was held yesterday
at the offices of the company, No. 5, Cannon..row,Westmin-
ster, to take into consideration the following bill now pend-
ing before Parliament :—" A bill for authorising the
Llanidloes and Newton Railway Company to make and
maintain a line of railway for the joint use of the Mid-
Wales Railway Company and the Manchester and Milford
Railway Company, and a station at Llanidloes for the joint
use of the three companies, and to raise further moneys,
and for other purposes." Mr. Hawes occupied the chair,
and moved that the meeting approve of the said bill, The
motion was agreed to unanimously.
THE EUROPEAN GRAIN CROP.—The New Fork
Sun says :—" It is of importance to our farmers to know
that there is likely to be an immense call for their aid
abroad. The German papers indicate that the production
of cereals on the Continent is likely to fall far below the
actual necessities of its vast population. The tremendous
floods which lately devastated some of the finest grain
growing regions of Germany and the Netherlands have di-
minished the possibilities of successful culture there, while
in other directions the unusually inclement weather has
done equal damage. In England, heavy rains continued
throughout Barth far into April,and the fields are still so
saturated that, although the vegetation is of fine appearance,
it promises more hay and straw than grain. As late as
April 14th white &est in the morning was followed by in-
tense heat at noon. In France the prospect is better, but
by no means satisfactory. In the North rain is too abun-
dant ; in the South the rapid succession of heat and cold has
killed much of the whole sowing. Accounts from Italy,
through Austrian channels, are nearly as bad, and even in
Algeria, whence Europe has within a few years drawn
copious supplies, the sirocco has laid waste the grain
fields. America, then, will be more entitled during the
coming year than ever to be called the granary of the
world."

The course of the wine trade during the first part
of the present year has not been such as to realize the hopes
entertained in official quarters of the gradual increase of
consumption under the reduced duties,and a proportionately
steady augmentation of the revenue. In 1861 the quantity
of all kinds taken into use in the United Kingdom exhi-
bited an increase of 46 per cent., but in the first four months
of 1862 there has been a reaction of 23 per cent. from the
totals thus attained. This falling off has been chiefly felt
in red wines, the diminution in that case having been 30
per cent., while in white it has been only 20 per cent.
Meanwhile, the importation has been within 5 per cent. of
the total during the corresponding four months of last year,
and there has consequently been some accumulation of
stocks in bond. Next to the wines from British possessions
(the Cape, &c.), which figure for a reduction of 50 per cent.
from the consumption of the first four months of 1861, the
countries in the use of whose wines there has been there
has been the greatest proportionate decrease this year are
France and Portugal, both of which show a reduction of 30
per cent. In wines from Madeira the falling off of con-
sumption has been 27 per cent., from Spain 25 per cent.,
the Canaries 20 per cent., Naples and Sicily 17 per cent.,
and Holland 12 per cent. Hungary does not appear indi-
vidually as a contributor, but is classed under the head of
" other countries," and in that case the reduction has been
16 per cent.
HOSPITAL FOR CONSUMPTION AND DISEASES OF
THE CHEST, BnomrToN.--On Sunday morning last the
Bishop of Ripon preached at St. Michael's, Stockwell, on
behalf of the above charity, from 2 Cor. vii. 1. At the
close of a thoroughly practical and forcible discourse bear-
ing upon the text, the bishop said the call which he was
about to make upon the benevolence of his hearers was one
which echoed from tens of thousands of their stricken
fellow-creatures, suffering from a malady of fearful preva-
lence in this climate, which was computed to slay in this
country, year by year, upwards of 39,000 persons, viz.,
pulmonary consumption, than which a disease more insidi-
ous, more lingering, and more baffling to medical skill
scarcely existed. Hence the great need of a special Hospi-
tal for Consumption. This hospital was wholly dependent
on voluntary contributions, and funds are greatly needed,
for the annual expenses were upwards of £B,OOO a year,
whilst the annual subscriptions were only about £4,000.
The church was crowded, and the collection after the ser-
mon amounted to £47 7s. 9d.
BRIGANDAGE TN THE ROMAN STATES.—Near
Velletri, a week ago, a priest living in a country house was
surprised by a band of marauders, who insisted on having
3,000 scudi (X 630) for his ransom. His reverence repre-
sented the paucity of his means and offered 200 scudi, but
on the brigands scouting this prosecution, he stated that
perhaps his sister, the owner of a cheese shop in Velletri,
would advance another 100 scudi to save his life. An am-
biguous message was accordingly sent to the ham and cheese
lady, who, smelling a rat, communicated with the French
colonel in command at Velletri. The colonel pressed into
his service the Papal gendarmes of the town and sent them
forward, the French troops following. The 300 scudi were
duly delivered, but before the brigands had time to divide
the coop. the Papal gendarmes driven bz- sue French
troops, pounced upon thorn and captured them to the num-
ber of 25.--Letter from Rome.

1 ROBSON AND REDPATH.—To show the suit.
ability of the timber of West Australia for decorative pur-
poses, a cabinet is shown of various coloured woods, which
was made by the convicts. Westrrn Australia is now the
only one of our colonies which is a penal settlement, and it
may interest some persons to know that Robson was one of
the convicts who assisted in the construction of this cabinet.
The dramatic predilections of this convict are, we are in-
formed, still indulged, and since his arrival in the colony he
has written two plays, which have had the honour of being
performed, in one instance at least, before the Governor.
Mr. Redpath's literary tastes take another direction, and
he has been for some time past engaged in drawing up a
code of regulations for himself and brother convicts. The
cabinet is really a very creditable piece of workmanship.--
Australian and New Zealand Gazette.
WHAT WILL MONEY NOT Do ?—Tha late Sir
Robert Peel spoke in the House of Commons in the year
1836 to the following effect : —" When I was Chief Secre
tary of Ireland, a murder was committed between Carrick-
on .Suir and Clonmel. A Mr. had a deadly revenge
towards a Mr. —, and he employed four men at two
guineas each to murder him. There was a road on each
side of the river Suir, from Carrick to Clonmel, and placing
two men on each road, the escape of his victim was impos-
sible. He was therefore foully murdered, and the country
was so shocked by this heinous crime that the Government
offered a reward of £5OO for the discovery of each of the
murderers. And can it be believed," said Sir Robert Peel,
" that the miscreant who bribed the foul murderers was the
very man who came and gave the information which led to
their execution ? And again," exclaimed Sir Robert,
"with these hands I paid, in my office in Dublin Castle,
the sum of £2,0G0 to that monster in human shape."—
Kerry 'Star.

IRVING AND LORD MELBOURNE.—The congre-
gation at Regent-square, under Irving's inspiration, had
decided upon presenting a petition to the King, calling upon
him to appoint a national fast. Accompanied by three of
his elders, he went to Lard Melbourne by appointment to
present his singular address. While they waited in the
ante-room the Premier's leisure, Irving called upon his
somewhat amazed and embarrassed companions to kneel
and pray for " favour in the sight of the King's Minister,"
as a private letter describes it. When they were admitted
to the jaunty presence of the cheerful functionary, the
preacher read over to him at length the remarkable docu-
ment he came to present ; during the reading of which, we
are told, " Lord Melbourne was much impressed ; and also
by some solemn things Mr. Mackenzie (one of the elders)
said, on the only means of saving this country." When
they took leave, the Minister shook hands heartily with
Irving, who, holding that hand in his gigantic grasp, " im-
plored the blessing and guidance of God on his administra-
tion." A scene more remarkable could scarcely be.-111rs.
Oliphater a Life of Irving.

THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA.—We picketed our
animals to trees and scrambled up the wall, which near the
pass is in a very dilapidated condition. The sight was at
once picturesque and amazing, for as far as the range of
vision extended this wonderful structure was seen stretch-
ing along the mountain sides and tops, with little towers, at
intervals varying between two and three hundred yards,
breaking the otherwise monotony of the view. Fora short
distance either side of the pass, the wall is constructed of
brick with rubble in the centre, but further away it is corn-
posed almost wholly of stone—in fact, whatever materials
were closest at hand would appear to have been nmee use of ;
thus, as at the spots we visited, granite abounded in greatest
profusion, so in the construction of the wall was it made the
principal ingredient, and for miles the wall consists of large,
shapeless masses of granite smoothed only on the outside.
We observed but ono tower built entirely of stone, they
being, with this. exception, composed of brick, with founda-
tions of hewn stone. The height of the wall from the top
of the parapet is about seventeen feet ten inches at most
parts, though occasionally, where the parapet is highest, it
measures eighteen feet six inches ; its breadth is thirteen
feet, and the height of the parapet five feet four inches.
The towers are thirty-one feet three inches high, and
twenty-eight feet one inch broad. The parapet is both
crenelated and loop holed, and the towers are pierced for
the discharge of some projectile. From any elevated site
the scenery well repays one for the trouble of ascent ; clear
streams are seen meandering down the passes, whilst on
every side, and looming far in the distance, are a succession
of brown hill-tops, with small patches only under cultiva-
tion. Droves of pack-asses are seen going and returning,
the former unladen, and the latter bringing a small kind of
brushwood, which the borderers burn instead of the millet-
stalk in use on the plains, whilst in wild abundance are
scattered innumerable ash, poplar, and fir trees. The pro-
ceedings of our artist were productive of infinite astonish-
ment and delight in the Chinese mind, and it was with
extreme difficulty that, hemmed in on all sides, we suc-
ceeded in transferring to paper views of surrounding ob-
Oetss—Ono ts Wick.