The Sun.
London, England, 1862-07-16 00:00:00

THE NEW WAR IN CHINA.

Since February last we have been at war, if
fighting several battles, the capture of several towns,
and killing several thousands of people, may be
taken as signs that a new contest in aina has be-
gun. At present we act as allies with those Chinese
troops who were so lately our enemies. and fight
against the Taipings who were engaged in fighting
against the Tartar Government at the same time as
ourselves. For several months past our soldiers at
the North have been drilling the Tartar troops, and
drill-sergeants are behind at Takoo (the place so
memorable as the scene of Tartar perfidy when
Admiral Hope was defeated), to drill, perhaps, the
very men who were agents in that perfidy. Indeed,
our troops are now withdrawn to assist the same
Admiral Hope at Shanghai in his endeavours to
protect the Government which he and these troops
were sent out to fight against. The Chinese are
famous for doing things in a precisely contrary way
to ourselves; but nothing they do could so surprise
us as this extraordinary contrariety in the proceed-
ings of our officials in China. Chinese agents are
in England to arrange for the assistance of a fleet
of gunboats; they even name the naval captain they
wish to be sent in command; his salary is fixed ;
and though Mr. Layard has declared that the Go.
vernment have not yet come to any decision in the
matter, still it is probable that the request of the
Chinese Government will be granted, for the French,
who are again our allies in this new war, have
named the officer they have appointed to take com-
mand of the artillery in the Chinese army. Before
the arrival of the last mail from China, Mr. Layard
stated that it was the intention of the Government
to supply the Chinese with arms and munitions of
war at cost price. These matters are important, for
they serve to prove that it has been a settled inten-
tion for some time past to throw off the mask of
neutrality, and help the Chinese Government in
earnest to put down the rebellion. Though several
battles have already been fought, the Gazette has
long kept silence regarding them; in fact, very
little is known about them. This new war, how-
ever, is a much more serious affair than is generally
believed.—London Review.

r THE PHILHARMONIC SOCIETY

The jubilee concert in commemoration of the
society's fiftieth season, took place on Monday night
at St. James's-hall, that place being chosen instead
of the Hanover-square Rooms, in consequence of
the large scale on which the concert was got up,
and the provision which it was necessary to make
for the accommodation of a great audience. The
following programme will enable our musical
readers to form an idea of the character of the con-
cert, and the extraordinary amount of talent en-
gaged in the performance :

PART I.

Overture (Leonora) Beethoven.
Recit. and Aria, " Riuscito sono alfin,"
Mr. Stanley (Matilda von Guise) Hummel.
Concerto in D minor, Violin, Herr Joachim Spohr.
Hymn, for soprano voice, and Chorus,
" Hear my prayer," Mme. Lind-Gold-
schmidt (accompanied on the organ by
Mr. E. J. Hopkins) Mendelsohn.
Fantasia, Pianoforte, with orchestra and
chorus, Mrs. Anderson (her last appear-
ance in public)
Finale, " Loreley," Solo, Mdlle. Titiens,
with Chorus
Overture, composed expressly for the occa-
sion
S. Bennett.
PART 11.
Sinfonia in C (Jupiter)
rcena, "Ma la sole," Mme. Lind-Gold-
schmidt (Beatrice di Tends)
Theme varies, Violoncello, Signor Piatti Piatti.
Arietta, con Coro, "Invano alcun desir,
Mdlle. Titiens (Armida) .. Gluck.
Aria, " With jay the impatient husband-
man," Mr. Santley (The Seasons) Haydn.
Overture (Euryanthe) ............. Weber.
Conductor, Professor Sterndale Bennett, Mus. D.
The overture, composed by Professor Bennet, for
this occasion, is a work which does the highest
honour to his genius, and will add to his already
high reputation. Madame Goldschmidt created a
great sensation, especially in Mentlelssohn's beauti-
ful hymn, which must always be one of her most
striking performances, not only from its vocal power,
but its earnest and fervent expression. Madlle.
Titiens made an equal impression in the tremen-
dous scene from "Loreley," far transcending in in-
tensity of passion any singer we have ever heard
perform it. Mr. Santley gave great effect to the
fine scena of Hummel; and Joachim and Piatti were
as delightful, and as successful, as usual. There
was a most crowded audience; the whole concert
from beginning to end was a scene of animation and
excitement, and the Jubilee Concert will undoubt-
edly be a Memorable event in the annals of the
Philharmonic Society.

GA VAZZI ON ROME FOR THE HALIAN

CAPITAL.

A meeting was held last evening in Orange'
street Chapel, Leicester-square, for the purpose of
listening to an address delivered by the well-known
Ital:au Reformer, Signor Gavazzi.

The minister of the chapel, the Rev. W. For
saith, presided, and briefly introduced the lecturer-
After rapidly sketching the historic ability of the
House of Savoy, Signor GAVAZZI said the Italians
loved their King, Emmanuel, whom they had
chosen, because, like Victoria, he respected the
liberties of his subjects. It had been said he was
fonder of shooting pheasants than his subjects ; but
for governing he had more common sense than all
his Ministers put together. Liberty was a conge-
nial plant to the Italian soil—nine parts were now
free, the tenth must follow. (Cheers.) They could
suffer with their Roman and Venetian brethren, and
they must have them too free. Garibaldi had more
work yet to do ; wherever he went the Austrian and
French spies were on his track ; still the great re-
formation must go on. That great general—he
(Gavazzi) believed there was not such another man,
so bold, unselfish, so patriotic—he was loved; that
was a weak term,hewas adored--politically speaking'•
he was worshipped. He was no diplomatist—he
was too straightforward. What was diplomacy ? It
was the devil's art of the science of lying beau-
tifully with a brazen face. (Laughter.) Provi-
dence had made certain geographical limits, and
had placed a certain people within those
limits. Rome and Venice were within those
limits; but in one were the French, in the other
the Austrians. Did the French speak Italian ?
No. Then, let them go to France. Did the Aus-
trians speak Italian ? Thank God, they did not.
Then, their place was Austria. There let them go,
and the Italians would then call them friends.
Napoleon had made war for an " idea." Now he
kept his soldiers at Rome to protect the Pope, but
in reality his object was to prevent Italian unity.
The lecturer concluded a most enthusiastic ad-
dress, which was loudly cheered, by expressing his
opinion that the day was not far distant when the
Italians would possess as their capital, Rome, now
the scene of disorder, and supported by a foreign
Power.

MANUFACTURING DIFFICULTIES 11-IVD

DISTRESS.

To sum up the actual position in a comprehen-
sive glance : The enormous price which cotton has
now reached will necessarily compel manufacturers
still further to reduce their consumption, so that it
is next to certain that not more than 25,000 bales
a week at the outside will be used up for
home manufacture and export together. With the
stock on hand on the Ist of July (say 200,000 bales),
and the 500,000 or 600,000 bales which will reach
us by the end of the year, 'we shall be able to meet
the demand for thirty weeks. We shall not, there-
fore, be actually denuded of cotton before the 31st
of December. What will happen then, or before
then, we dare not even conjecture. We
We do not wish to argue that the catastrophe is
not imminent, or that it will not be terrible; but
only that it is not so near at hand as at first ap-
peared. Neither is it improbable that between now
and Christmas some light may dawn upon our
prospects. In any case, if the worst comes to the
worst, we are reduced for an indefinite time longer
to subsist wholly on the cotton we can obtain from
India, Egypt, and Brazil, there would still be
enough (taking into account the economy that would
be practised, and the substitutes that would be con-
trived, and allowing for the demand of other coun-
tries) CO give our operatives alway, at least, two
days' work a week. This is bad enough; but this
is the worst conceivable. Let us see what this
amounts to. It is estimated that the number of
hands actually employed in cotton factories is about
500,000, and that their habitual weekly earnings
average ten shillings each. This would give
£250,000 as the sum distributed among them each
week in wages. But all subsidiary and dependent
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traffic of the North of England, will suffer a pro-
portionate reduction. The amount now paid in
wages to the people thus employed can only be
guessed ; but it can scarcely be less than another
£250,000. In case, then, of the worst arising, we
may assume that the weekly income of these work-
ing classes
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concerned will o
brexr4eoclu,ouocoed.
tmiilslimonus tot from Part be met by augmented poor rates ; part by
increasedh of
one
e economy ; part, and a great part no doubt,
by absolute privation.—London
.Review.
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