The Sun.
London, England, 1865-06-08 00:00:00

£39,539,165

Liverpool Cotton Market—This Day.

Market a farthing to a halfpenny dearer. Sales
probably about 15,000 bales.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE—This day.

LONDON, June B.—Wind this day at noon—North-
Westerly; moderate breeze and fine weather.
FAL3IOUTH, June 7.—Wind S.E.—Arrived—Capricioso,
from Rio Janeiro.
—Wind S..W.—Arrivecl—Bril-
liaOnt7frFoinymoginit,gtJne 6
Wellington,
PORTSMOUTH, Jinni 7.--Wind S.W.—Sailed—Ada, for
Constantinople.
NEWPORT, June 7.—Wind SM.—Sailed—Pride, for
New York.

COWES, June 7.—Wind W.S.W.—Arrived—Saxonia,
screw steamer, from New York.

BY MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH.
Gr..4.vEsExn, Thursday Morning.
Arrived, June 7—Moldavian, from Swautwick; Jubilee,

from Cnina.

DEAL, Thursday Morning.
Passed, in tow—Edwin Fox, from Singapore, for

London,

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE—This Day.

- - -ck•-

MANCHESTER RACES-THIS DAY.

Sweetness...
Well Done .

Lady Bohun
Lady Abbess ...
Cremo 'Valli

Helen

Sprite ,
Asthore

SELLING HANDICAP.

Six ran.
CITY HANDICAP.

Six ran.
QUEEN'S PLATE.

1
2
3

Six ran.

CHELMSFORD RACES—THIS DAY.
NURSERY HANDICAP.
Mother of Pearl
Madile. Cleopatra
Arethusa
---

• QUEEN'S GUINEAS.
Sir Roger beat Quarantine
MAIDEN PLAT E.

Catherine
Master Strutt

Three ran.

The Registration of Vot-rs,

On Monday the new act of Parliament to amend the re-
gistration of county voters was printed, and has immediate
operation. It will effect several important alterations in the
law of registration and as to the duties of revising barris-
ters inthe next revision of the lists of counties, cities, and
boroughs. On or before the 10th of June in every year the
clerk of the peace is to deliver to • the overseers of every
parish in the county his precept according to the form now
printed, with the forms of notices, list, and copies of the
register in the principal act mentioned. The clerk tf the
peace is to transmit to the overseer of every parish copies of
the part of the register relating to each parish ; and the
overseers, on or before the 20th of June, are to publish the
register as provided on the church doors, and the same is to
be removed not later the 20th of July. In future the 20th
August, instead of the 25th, is to be the last day for giving
notices of objections ; and the Ist of September, instead of
the 29th August, is to be the last day for the overseers to
deliver to the clerks of the peace the papers mentioned in
the ninth section of the principal act. One of the most im-
portant alterations now made is that the grounds of objec-
tion are to be specified in the notice given. "No person
objected to under the provisions of this act shall be re-
quired to give evidence before the revising barrister in
support of his right to bo registered, otherwise than as
such right shall be called in question in such ground or
grounds of objection. Each ground is to be treated by
the revising barrister as a separate ground of objection.
Voters changing their abodes and objected to may make a
declaration, and transmit the same to the clerk of the peace
on or before Sept. 14. No lists of voters for a county are to
be revised before Sept. 20. Costs to £5 and not 20s. may
be awarded by the barrister. The revising barrister is to
read "audibly in open court" the names expunged and the
names inserted. He is empowered to order the removal of
persons interrupting the proceedings of his court, and a
policeman is to attend the sittings to keep order. The word
"value" in an objection is to mean the amount of rental.
Tho net will forthwith make various alterations in the re-

THE 'UNITED STATES•

(From the Times Correspondent.)

NEW YORK, May 26.

East of the Mississippi to the Ohio and the Poto-mac the war is at an end. The people are subju-
gated, and yield sullen or patient obedience to a
power they are unable to resist. No armed force
except that of the Federal armies of occupation re-
mains. The guerilla chiefs and their little bands of
" farmers by day and soldiers by night," whose
prolonged hostility was threatened by the South and
feared by the North, have imitated the wise example
set by Generals Lee, Johnston, and Taylor, laid
down their arms, and recommenced the cultivation
of their long-neglected fields. Many landed proprie-
tors, hopeless of the future and .of the results of an
enforced political and social partnership with a
people against whom they exhaust the vocabulary
of their hatred when they employ with bitter em-
phasis the one word, " Yankees," have emigrated
across the " Father of Waters" to struggle in Texas
as long as they can for the independence of which
they see no chances in Mississippi, Alabama,
Georgia, Florida, or the Carolinas ; while others,
still more despondent, have betaken themselves to
Mexico to escape the pains and penalties of their
implication in a treason which President Johnson
threatens to punish. A vast horde of Northern
traders and speculators have rushed southwards to
Richmond, Charleston, Savannah, Mobile, and
other cities of the long-blockaded interior, to push
a traffic in dry goods among a people who have.,
had no new clothes for four years, and have worn
out nearly all their old ones, thinking to draw
out the hoarded gold and silver, which is known
to exist ; or to receive payment in cotton for the
luxuries and necessaties which the Southern people
so desperately need. As yet but small success
has attended their operations. The country
is more exhausted than they imagined. Large
districts have reverted into aboriginal wilder-
nesses. Once populous and flourishing towns are
deserted, farmhouses and comfortable country resi-
dences have disappeared, leaving no trace behind
them except the chimney-stack, threatening to fall
at every blast of wind, and the charred rafters that
proclaim the nature of the ruin that overtook them.
The people are sad at heart, and gentlemen who once
counted their cotton by thousands of bales are glad
if they can earn a daily pittance by light labour in
the fields which were formerly their own, or by the
odd jobs which a town or city with any life in it
can always afford to all who are not too proud to
labour with their hands. The negroes, who during
the war were for the most part faithful to their
masters, have suddenly become restive, insolent, and
unmanageable. The negro admires power. He
loved his master because the master was, in his eyes,
the visible incarnation of wealth and authority ; and,
if there was anything he hated, it was a " mean
white," " poor white trash," or a " white buckra,"
not because they were white, but because they had
no power and no wealth. And now that their for-
mer masters are reduced to destitution and misery,
the negroes transfer to them the contempt they
had for white labourers, take possession of patches
of abandoned plantations, turn out the white women
and children who have been left behind, and mani-
fest a disposition which no one can study without
serious misgiving of future trouble.

-It is under these circumstances that the question
of negro slavery having been disposed of, the ques-
tion of negro suffrage in the South is forced upon
attention. Though the war may be ended, the
revolution seems only to be at its commencement.
The leaders of the Republican and Union, or, as it
may now be called with better reason, the anti-
Southern party, not contented with the subjugation
of the white people of the Gulf States, seem to be
afraid that hereafter when it becomes necessary to
proceed in the usual course to the election of a new
President, the votes of the Southern Democracy,
combined with those of the Democracy of the North
and West, may secure the election of a pro-Southern
President, such as Messrs. Buchanan, Pierce, Polk,
Tyler, Fillmore, and others within the last 30 years,
and so relegate the now triumphant Republicans to
the cold shade of opposition. To prevent such a
catastrophe, it is proposed to enfranchise the eman-
cipated negroes and give every man of them a vote,
without reference to property, to intellect, or to
character. It is calculated that the whole negro vote
of the South would thus be cast in favour of the
party by whose successful exertions they had re-
ceived the gift of freedom ; and that the Democracy
would be permanently, or at least for several presi-
dential terms, excluded from office. No less a per-
sonage than Chief Justice Chase, virtually a more
dignified and powerful public functionary than the
President himself, has made a tour of the South, and
publicly recommended this portentous revolution.
He has addressed audiences of white men, and still
more numerous audiences of black men, to both of
whom he has insisted that herein alone lies the future
safety of the Republic. To the whites he has recom-
mended negro suffrage as a measure of policy; to the
blacks he has eulogised it as their indefeasible right.
Whatever may be thought in other countries of the
wisdom of giving votes to millions of newly-eman-
cipated slaves who have almost as little notion of po-
litical duties as the cattle upon the plantations, with
which they have up to this time been co-labourers,
the scheme of Chief Justice Chase is utterly at vari-
ance with the Constitution of the United States ; a
document that must be supposed to be stillvalid, in-
asmuch as Mr. Jefferson Davis is to be solemnly
tried for a breach of it. Each State of the Union,
acting by its own Legislature, has the exclusive right
to regulate the suffrage among its citizens. In some
of the States universal suffrage exists. In other States
there is, as in England, a property qualification ; in
others a property combined with an educational test;
in others negroes, though as free as Mr. Lincoln made
them, are absolutely disqualified from voting ; and
in others again, as in the great State of New York,
negroes are only allowed to vote on proof of their
possession of a certain annual income or amount of
property—a limitation which does not apply to the
white people, nor prevent the poorest and most illi-
terate Irish day labourer from depositing his ballot.
The Constitution prohibits the Federal Government
from interfering with this and other matters in the
States ; but Mr. Chase coolly sets aside this provi-
sion. The President, however, does not appear dis-
posed to follow where Mr. Chase would lead him.
He is for the present a friend of State rights, and
yesterday stated, in reply to a delegation which
visited him on the subject, that in his opinion " the
question of negro suffrage ought to be left to the
decision of the loyal white population of the States
interested." Although this modification of Mr.
Chase's views admits the theoretical right of the
States to have exclusive cognisance of this important
matter, it is but little less of a revolution than Mr.
Chase would inaugurate, if by loyal men is meant
the very small and almost infinitesimal minority of
Southern citizens who had courage enough during
the existence of the Confederacy to set th‘mselves
in opposition to the public opinipn of the majority,
and, through evil repute, through danger, imprison-
ment, and the fear of death, to swear by the old
flag, and yield neither allegiance nor obedience to
the de facto Government of Mr. Jefferson Davis.
The South was punished and warred against by the
North because, being a minority, it refused to obey
the voice of the majority and accept Mr. Lincoln
as President, legally and duly elected. If Mr. John-
son, on the plea of disloyalty, to be explained and
measured by him, disfranchises by his mere will and
pleasure the majority of the Southern people, what
becomes of the fundamental principle which the
North affects to hold so sacred, and by which alone
it seeks to justify all the severities and horrors of
the war? If the majority are to rule in the States of
the North, and the minority in the States of the
South, the question of negro suffrage is as likely to
breed future wars and dissension as the question of
negro slavery.
'The evidence for the prosecution against llarrold,
Payne, Mrs. Surratt, Dr. Mudd, and the other real
or alleged accomplices and confidants of Wilkes
Booth in the assassination of Mr. Lincoln, has been
brought to a close, and that for the defence entered
upon. Although it is asserted that some of the evi-
dence has been temporarily suppressed, there does
not appear in the voluminous depositions of the va-
rious witnesses examined, so far aspublished, a single
statement sufficient to fix upon Mr. Jefferson Davis,
Mr. Clement C. Clay, Mr. Beverley Tucker, and

the other gentlemen so rashly accused by the War
Department and the President, any guilty know-
ledge,
or any knowledge whatever, of Wilkes Booth
and his plot. If there be such evidence in the pos-
session of the authorities they owe it to themselves
not to conceal it, in order that they may justify to
the public theirunretracted charge of subornation of
murder against political opponents, who in all the
private relations of life have hitherto conducted
themselves without reproach. Mr. Jefferson Davis,
it appears, is not treated in prison as if he were a
mere rebel, but is submitted to worse indignities than
are reserved for the mostbrutal murderers. A state-
ment in two Philadelphia newspapers,, published this
evening, not only confirms the previous reports-that
he is confined in a dark dungeon in Fortress Monroe,
closely guarded day and night by two sentinels, who
are forbidden to exchange a word with him, or to
allow him to speak if so inclined, and denied the use
of light, or the solace of books and writing mate-
rials ; but adds that he has been manacled, and his
legs secured by a chain three feet long ; that he re-
sisted the outrage, and was violently thrown on his
back while a blacksmith performed the work, and
that he piteously requested to be put to death
rather than be so degraded. It is to be hoped, for
the honour of the American Government, that this
story is not true, and that President Johnson
will not suffer his Administration to be guilty
of such dastardly treatment of a man who
was for four years the chief magistrate of six
millions of people. America cannot afford to treat
Mr. Davis in this manner. The whole world will cry
shame if the story be true. There are courts of
honour and of conscience outside the limits of Fede-
ral America, and in those courts Mr. Johnson will
be tried and condemned if this indeed be the con-
duct which he authorises or permits towards a fallen
adversary, once so high and now so low, and who
has yet to be proved guilty of a single act that
should render him unworthy of the companionship
of gentlemen.

Bath and West of England Society's
Meeting.

HEREFORD, Wednesday.

Beaming weather and cheap railway fares have
brought an influx of visitors sufficient to insure the
financial succer of the meeting, though numbers
like those last year at Bristol are not to be looked
for in this rural district. There are yet two days re-
maining for the million, or, more correctly speaking,
for the 20,000 or 30,000 persons who, with the shil-
ling fee, or with children's at 6d. each, or school-
children's tickets az 3d. each, are expected to throng
the show ground ; and on all sides we hear congra-
tulations addressed to the zealous volunteer managers
and to the stewards of the nine different depart-
ments, all acting independently of each other and all
with special ability and public spirit meriting the
confidence which the western counties have placed
in them.

The judges of pigs, Messrs. J. Turner and J.
Wippell, found an excellent though rather short
collection. Mr. Duckering's first prize Lincolnshire
boar is remarkable for a tremendous frame and
great weight ; the young large breed boars make a
very good class, Mr. Yells' Berkshire being a perfect
beauty. The large breed sows form an uncom-
monly fine class, Mr. Duckering's sow being wonder-
ful for size, thickness, and depth, combined with ex-
treme fineness of offal. Among the small-breed
pigs, Mr. H. Beevor's black boar is of rare form and
splendid quality. The breeding sows comprise some
very choice animals, and the Earl of Radnor's young
Coleshill sows are splendid for their age.
The poultry judges, Messrs. Hewitt and Ballence,
report an unusually good show of birds, every class
being good. The Spanish fowls are magnificent—
indeed an incomparable class. Among them may
be mentioned the birds of Viscountess Holmesdale,
Capt. Heaton, Mr. Wright, Mr. Beldon, and Mr.
Fowler. Coloured Dorkings are fully up to the
mark, Viscountess Holmesdale, Capt. Lane, and Mr.
Fowler exhibiting pens of exceedingly fine and
heavy birds. The white Dorkings are few but meri-
torious, Coloured cochins make a grand display,
Mr. Tomlinson's and Capt. Heaton's being uncom-
monly fine specimens, of tremendous size and per-
fection in feather ; and the white cochins are in no
way inferior to their coloured relatives; indeed, Mr.
Zurhorst's first prize birds are, perhaps, the best
ever seen. The strength of the game fowls is with
the black-breasted reds, Mr. Fletcher, Mr. SlAtter,
Mr. Lee, and others, showing splendid birds in a.
particularly grand class. Brahmapootras are grow-
ing in public favour ; and the pens shown by Mr.
Lacy, Mr. Fowler, Mrs. Hargreaves,-and Mr. Boyle,
are specially good specimens of what may be made
of this noble breed. The Hamburg classes are very
beautiful, the greatest merit lying with the golden
and silver spangled. The Polands, always brilliant
and attractive, are in comparatively small force, the
best being the black with white crests.
Many visitors linger with curious pleasure about
the pens of " any other variety," including white
Spanish, silky negroes, magpie tanfans, and other
oddities. The classes for Spanish, Dorking, and game
chickens are very scantily filled, as might be ex- ,
petted from the time of year at which the show is
held. There is a capital competition in the game
sweepstakes class, and also in the cochin sweepstakes
class. The bantams are not very numerous, but
many of rare merit, particularly the gold lace and
game varieties. ' Mr. Fowler, Mr. Woods, Mr. Rod-
bard, and Mr. Boyle, exhibit grand pens of Ayles-
bury and Rouen ducks, and Mr. Kellaway's East
Indians are extremely good specimens of the breed.
There are only two pens of geese, both very good.
Turkeys are in force ; Mr. Fowler, Mr. Zurhorst;
Mr. Norman, and others contributed very fine birds.
Guinea fowls are not often so numerous at shows
as we find them here, and these are nearly all good
specimens.

Messrs. Cottle and Harrison Weir, who may be
considered our standard judges of pigeons, had
nearly a hundred entries to inspect and value. The
carriers are fine, though not very numerous ; the
almond tumblers of unusual merit ; pouters good ;
runts very heavy and not too coarse ; j acobins ex-
tremely handsome. The fantails seem more prettily
grotesque than ever ; the pouters are particularly
good, both owls and the feather-footed trumpeters
are in large numbers, and barbs of great value are
shown. There is no lack of merit either with the
turbits, nuns, dragoons, or little archangels, and,
then, in the class for any other varieties, we find
some charming lace-fantails, with a few Swiss, Vic-
torias, and swallows. Altogether the feathered
classes are by far the best yet seen at one of the
Society's shows.

A novelty in this day's proceedings (as the com-
petitive sheep-shearing was on Monday) has been
the horse-shoeing at portable forges, and if it be
true that nine out of ten cases of foot lameness
arise from bad shoeing, the Society has done well
in thus attracting public interest to the question.
When will the village smith understand that, in-
stead of paring and rasping a horse's foot to
fit a shoe, the iron shoe should be made to fit the
foot, with an equable bearing all round from heel
to heel, just as he likes a leather shoe to sustain and
accommodate his own sole with ease and comfort ?
When will he admit that an elastic hoof requires
the placing of the nails so that the inner heel may
expand under weight? The trial was conducted as
follows :—The smiths drew lots for the number of
the forge, the number of the horses, and the foot to
be shod. Each man then made his shoe and the
requisite number of nails, the time occupied being
from 20 to 30 minutes ; and after inspection by the
judges the shoes were fitted and nailed on, the time
occupied by each man being noted. The principal
points of the performance consist of the time taken
to construct the shoe, the level form of the shoe,
the situation of the holes, and what is called the ful-
lering, the proper and even seating of the shoe, the
preparation of the foot, the fitting of the shoe, the
nailing on, and the time occupied in each of the
several operations.

Looking round the implement stands before pro-
ceeding to the trial fields, we observe large assort-
ments from almost all our principal makers, except-
ing Burgess and Key, whose grass-mowers and
reaping-machines have been reserved at home to do
honour to the Brentwood show yesterday. The
most important improvements are to be found in
the long line of portable steam-engines, driving all
sorts of barn machinery with ceaseless hum, amid

crowds of earnest spectators. Here we have some
recent inventions for saving fuel, and thus lessen-
ing the outlay upon the farmer's best horse. Allen's
patent expansion engine, with single cylinder and
only one eccentric, is designed for this purpose,
and Messrs. Tuxford have just introduced a new
form of slide valve into the common portable en-
gine, by which simple change, without any addi-
tional moving parts, they declare that they are able
to save one-half of the coal ordinarily consumed.
The value of this extraordinary improvement can
hardly be estimated, seeing that the consequent re-
duction in the heat of the furnace relieves the fire-
box from its present rapid rate of destruction, thus
conferring upon the engine a much greater degree
of durability, a point.of more moment to the agri-
culturist than even the wonderful economy of fuel.
In the trial fields, very conveniently accessible
from the yard, we found the grass-mowers noisy
and busy, those of Hornsby, Picksley and Sims,
Samuelson, and Wood making beautiful work. The
grass was afterwards turned and tossed by Nichol-
son's, Ashby and Jeffery's, Howard's, and other
haymakers. In a field of tall unripe rye the reap-
ing-machines were at work, not including, however,
the large three-horse machine of the Beverley Iron
and Waggon Company, which has recently•been
much improved in general form, as well as in details,
rendering it a most effective implement for cutting
and delivering a great acreage of cropping per day.
The hand delivery sheafing machines were those of
Picksley and Sims, Burrow, Samuelson, and Woods,
all constructed with the tipping platform. Barber's
combined reaper and mower has two seats—one for
the driver, the other for the raker-off who delivers
the cut corn out of the way of the next track ; and
there is an arrangement for lowering the reel as well
as the cutter-bar without slackening the band which
drives the reel. The greatnovelty in this department
is Hornsby's self-delivery sheafing reaper. In this
ingenious machine the cut corn, guided by hand
rake, falls upon a tipping platform made of parallel
slats ; and when this is depressed by the work-
man's foot the corn is caught by fingers upon end-
less chains which traverse between the slats, and
so delivered upon the ground in a neat squarely-
laid bundle or sheaf. As the chains are arranged
in a diagonal position, upon a fixed horizontal plat-
form, and the slats of the upper tipping platform are
also diagonal to match, the corn is delivered behind
the machine, and completely out of the way of the
next track.

In an adjoining field we saw Carson and Toone's
horse-hoe, cleaning a piece of very thistley swedes ;
and a neighbouring lea ground was the scene of per-
formances with Hunt and Pickering's plough and
cultivator, Ball's plough, Eddy's turnwrest plough,
Ransomes and Sim's prize ploughs and jointed
harrows, and Howard's champion ploughs, the latest
improvement being a digging breast to shatter the
soil, in imitation of steam husbandry, leaving the
graceful mould board, to be used only for a few
special purposes.
Steam cultivation, which has attracted great num-
bers of spectators both yesterday and to-day, is
re-
presented by Messrs. Fowler's eight-horse engine-set
of apparatus, with three-furrow plough and digger,
and Messrs. Howard's ten-horse engine, with three-
furrow plough and cultivator. Both have accom-
plished very deep and perfect tillage upon a hard
loam soil, to the great satisfaction of west-country
farmers, and, we suppose, with good business results
to the exhibitors. Messrs. Aveling and Porter'srope-
carriages, travelling with the wire rope and uphold-
ing it off the ground, are valuable improvementsupon
the old stationary porters, and they are attached and
removed as required in the easiest possible manner.
A large concourse of listeners gathered round the
two military bands this afternoon. The Fine Arts
Courts were well , filled, and everybody found vast
comfort at the admirable refreshment booths of Mr.
Mountford, the Society's purveyor. The annual
banquet is to be held at 5 o'clock in the large pavi-
lion, the president, Lord Taunton, in the chair.
Naval and Military Intelligence.

The Royal Sovereign, turret-ship, started at an
early hour yesterday morning from Spithead on the
first day's experimental cruize off the Isle of Wight,
under the supervision of Capt. Astley C. Key, C.B.
She returned to Spithead in the evening.
Commander Charles G. Nelson, late of the Ga-
latea frigate, and the Rolla training brig, has been
appointed by the Admiralty to the command of the
Ranger, 5, screw gun-vessel, on the west coast of
Africa, vice Commander W. E. Gordon, invalided,
and not to the Torch, as erroneously stated in The
Sun of yesterday.
The training brig Ferret, Lieut, Commander
Mansell, tender to her Majesty's training ship Bos-
cawen, in Southampton Water, sailed yesterday from
the Solent on a cruise to the western ports.
Her Majesty's ironcased ship Research, Captain
Arthur Wilmhurst, returned to Woolwich on Tues-
day, after testing under seaway Commander Scott's
iron gun carriage and slide, which were worked
with simple mechanical appliances by nine men, in
competition with the proposed new pattern wooden
carriage worked by 19 men. The old service pat-
tern carriages, which are likewise of wood, were
taken as the standard for comparison. After firing
60 rounds the new pattern wooden carriage shoed
signs of weakness and one of the service pattern be-
came disabled, while Commander Scott's carriage,
which was worked with greater rapidity, andfired 68
rounds, exhibited no signs of weakness or defect.
The iron screw steamship Achilles, 20, Captain
Edward W. Vansittart, was placed alongside the
sheer hulk in Hamoaze on Tuesday, and had her
bow mast taken out. Yesterday morning she was
taken to Keyham-yard, prepaiatory to going into
the basin to be docked and have defects:made good.
It is understood that she will be tried first with her
remaining three masts in their present position.
Should it be found necessary to shift them consider-
able time must be expended in that operation.
The screw steamship Urgent, which left Ports-
mouth on Monday, arrived at Plymouth on Tuesday
afternoon, and was appointed to embark the 71st
Regt. yesterday afternoon for conveyance to Ireland.
The screw steam sloop Amazon, 4, launched at
Pembroke on the 23d May, left Milford on Tuesday
afternoon, in charge of Commander Paul, and in
tow of the paddle-wheel steam sloop Sphinx. She
was expected last evening at Plymouth.
A number of Capt. Rodger's patent, indented,
small palmed anchors having been ordered by the Ad-
miralty to be supplied to the Channel fleet the test
was yesterday commenced under the hydraulic ma-
chinery at Woolwich. One of the anchors, weighing
59cwt. 3qrs., was proved with a strain of 72 3-16
tons, which is equal to 24 1-16 tons, or 50 per cent.
above the usual Admiralty test of 48* tons. The
permanent set of the first arm was of an inch, and
that of the second 1-16 only. The whole of the
anchors are manufactured by the North Field Iron
and Steel Company at Rotherham, in Yorkshire.
The Field Marshal Commanding-in-Chief has ap-
proved Capt. Brookes, of the 41st Regiment, joining
the service companies of his corps on completing a
course of musketry instruction at Hythe. One ser-
geant and 120 rank and file of the 41st Regiment
are under orders at Colchester to join the service
companies of the regiment for the purpose of em-
barking for India. Lieut. Halahan, of the 44th
Regiment, has joined the depot at Colchester.
The following appointments were made at the
Admiralty yesterday :—Com Ralph P. Cator, to the
Pelican ; Lieut. Andrew J. Kennedy, to be Lieut.
in command of the Spider, vice Nott, promoted ;
and the Hon. Richard Hare, to be Lieutenant
and to command the Sharpshooter, vice Claver-
ing, promoted ; George Gilpin, master, to the
Constance ; Henry. P. Ward, master, to the
trethu_sa ; Thomas Pounds, master to the Octavia ;
Henry S. Gibson, paymaster, to the Formidable ;
Robert 11. Bullen, paymaster, to tho Octavia ;
Thomas A. Thomas, paymaster, to the Constance ;
T. W. S. Meane, paymaster, to the Arethusa ;
George Wooldridge, assist.-paymaster, to the
Octavia ; William A. Westaway, assist-paxmaster,
to the Frederick William ; Corbet C. Mwards,
assist.-paymaster, to the Constance ; William W:
Blayney, assist-paymaster to the Arethusa ; Henry
A. Scrivener, assist.-paymaster, to the Constance ;
Thomas Seccombe, surg., to the Constance ; James
J. Martin, surg., to theArethusa ; William Richard-
son, surg., to the Octavia ; Stephen Sweetman,
assist.-surg., to the Constance ; Henry A. Close,

assist-Burg., to the Arethusa ; William Graham,
assist.-surg., to the Octavia ; John T. Williams,
appointed chief engineer additional of the Cumber-
land, for charge of engineers of the Lord Warden ;
Robert Highet, first-class assist.-engineer, to the
Terrible, in lieu of the chief stoker, vice Ford ;
Kenneth M'Kenzie, clerk to the Arethusa ; Charles
J. Pausey, clerk, to the Octavia ; Richard Cornish,
clerk, to the Constance ; George James Colville,
assist-clerk, to the Arethusa ; George M. Hayes,
assist.-clerk, to the Octavia ; Lawrence Stewart,
assist.-clerk, to the Constance ; and Douglas S. R.
Hammond, nominated to a cadetship.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

CHELMSFORD SUMMER MEETING.
WEDNESDAY.

A more glorious day could not have been desired for the
celebration of the sport which came off yesterday on Galley-
wood Common. The meeting clashing with Manchester and
Wye was an unfortunate thing for its success, and the
attendance consequently showed a marked falling off in
comparison with last year. The home stables were of
course represented, hutmany Northerners who would have
sent candidates were busily occupied at the Cottonopolis.
The Stand and enclosures were moderately filled, the fielders
being so strongly represented that the most zealous had to
be unusually industrious to find customers. The sport was
of the ordinary character, and calls for no special comment.
The Two-Year-Old Stakes was won by a very promising
looking colt, called Cecrops, who upset the pot which was
put on Cesarewitch. The Chelmsford Handicap was in
favour of the gentlemen, who mostly stood Lucky Star, who
won, after a fine finish with The Eland. Full details are
appended

The Trial Stakes of 5 sovs each, with 50 added, for all
ages; weight for age; with maiden and selling allow-
ances. Three-quarters of a mile.
Mr. Tenßroeck's Menace, 4 yrs, 9st 51b (£100) (Fordham 1
Mr. Fleming's Camillus, 3 yrs, 7st 121 b (£100) (Carter 2
Mr. John Graham's Truant, 2 yrs, Est (£100) (Elphick 3

Betting-6 to 4on Menace, and 2to 1 agst Truant.
Camillus made play, with Menace in close attendance,
until half way up the distance, when the favourite took
the lead, and won easily by a length. Truant, who broke
a blood-vessel, walked in third. There was no advance on
the selling price of the winner.

The Great Baddow Two-yr-old Stakes of 10 says each,
h ft, with 50 added ; colts, Bst 101 b ; fillies, Bst 71b ;

penalties and maiden allowances. Half a mile. (20 subs.)
Mr. Fleming's Cecrops, Bst 51b (Cartel 1
Captain W. H. Cooper's Cesarewitch, Bst 71b (Daley 2
Mr. G. Newton's Pinchbeck, Bst 21b (J. Mann 3

Cairngorm, The Squire, and Mary Hill also ran.

Betting-6 to son Cesarewitch, sto 1 each agst Cecrops
and Pinchbeck, 8 to 1 agst Cairngorm, and 10 to 1 agst Mary
Hill. A long delay occurred at the post, chiefly caused by
the fractiousness of Mary Hill, who eventually jumped the
bank and rails and threw Deacon, who fortunately was not
hurt. Cairngorm jumped away with the lead, Cesarewitch
close up, followed by Cecrops, The Squire bringing up the
rear. After going about 200 yards Cecrops took up the run-
ning and headed Cesarewitch. Halfway up the hill Cairn-
gorm gave way to Pinchbeck, who, however, failed to reach
the two leaders, Cocrops defeating Cesarewitch cleverly by
three-quarters of a length ; three lengths separated the
second and third. Cairngorm was fourth, The Squire fifth,
and Mary Hill last.
The Galleywood Stakes of 5 says each, with 40 added, for
all ages ; weight for age ; with selling allowances.

Mr. Bevill's Usher 4 yrs, ist 121 b (£5O) (Mr. W. Bevil) 1
Mr. Hodgman's Voivode filly, 2 yrs, sst 111 b (£5O)
(Heart field) 2
Mr. Hickman's The Leader, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (£3O) (Loates) 3

Betting-6 to 4on the Lady Avon filly, and 100 to 80
each agst Usher and The Leader. The Leader held a mo-
mentary advantage, but was quickly deprived of the lead
by the Lady Avon filly, who carried on the running to the
distance, where Usher came out, and ran home an easy
winner by three lengths ; the loader a bad third. The
winner was bought in for 100 guineas.
The Chelmsford Handicap of 15 sovs each, 5 ft, with 100
added ; winners extra ; about 7 furlongs. (49 subs., 19
of whom paid 2 sovs each.)
Captain Machell's Lucky Star, 4 yrs, Est 71b (Mordan 1
Mr. Beardman's The Eland, 3 yrs, Est (Elphick 2
Mr. Naylor's Quarantine, 4 yrs, Est 131 b (Sayers 3

The following also ran :—Troublesome, King George,
Erin-go-Bragh, Sister Mary, and Quill.
Betting-7 to 4 agst Lucky Star, 100 to 30 agst The Eland,
8 to 1 each agst King George and Quarantine, 10 to 1 agst
Erin-go-Bragh, and 20 to 1 agst Sister Mary. After atrifling
delay a•good start was effected, Lucky Star with a slight
lead making play, followed by Quarantine and The Eland,
wide of whom followed troublesome on the near side, the
ruck being brought up by King George and Quill. They
ran with little variation till nearing the distance, where
The Eland headed Lucky Star, with whom Quarantine was
close up. Within the distance the three placed drew away
from the others, and though half way up the rails The
Eland appeared to have the best of the struggle. Lucky
Star ran the longest, and " coming" again in the last few
strides won a fine race by a neck; Quarantine was a bad
third, a wide interval separating him from Troublesome,
King George, and Erin-go-Bragh, who were in a cluster in
the order named. Quill was beventh, and Sister Mary last.
The Marks Hall Stakes of 5 sovs each, with 25 added, for
two-year-olds ; colt; Bst 101 b ; fillies, Bst 71b ; the win-

ner to be sold for 50 sovs. Straight half mile.
Mr. Meredith's Maid of Usk, Bst 71b (Payne) 1
Mr. Hodgman's Catherine, Bst 71b (Morins) 2
Mr. Child's Frileuse, Bst 71b (Loates) 3

Truant also ran.

Betting-6 to 5 agst Maid of Usk, 7t04 on Catherine,
and 6to 1 agst Truant. Maid of Usk cut out the work,
folloived by Frileuse and Catherine, but the Maid was never
headed and won cleverly by half a length; the samo between
second and third. The winner was bought in for 170 gs.
The Town Plate (handicap) of 50 sovs, for 3-yr-olds and
upwards ; winners extra. One mile.

Mr. J. Wood's Sir Roger, 4 yrs, Bst 91b (Dalai 1
Mr. T. Hughes' Vigil, 6 yrs, 7st (Prior 2
Mr. J. Nightingall's Walloon, a, Bst 71b (J. Nightingall 3
Veluti and Scylla also ran.
Betting-5 to 4on Veluti, and 4to 1 each agst Sir Roger
and Vigil.

MANCHESTER SUMMER MEETING.—WEDNESDAY.
The Trial Handicap of 3 soya each, with 50 added ; for all
ages ; winners extra. One mile and a quarter. 13 subs.
Mr. E. Buckley's Success, 3 yrs, Est 131 b (J. ilrimshaw) 1
Mr. J. Osborne's Lady of Coverdale, 3 yrs, Est 131 b

_ .
(Carroll) 2
Mr. J. Barber's Lady Bohun, 4 yrs, Bst 51b (J. Snowden) 3
The following also ran :—Pas d'Extase, Queen of Trumps,
and East Stanley. _

Betting-2 to 1 agst Success, 9to 4 agst Lady of Cover-
dale, 100 to 30 agst Lady Bohun, and 10 to 1 bar three.
They were started at the first attempt, Lady of Coverdale
and Lady Bohun showing slightly in front ; but upon
reaching the enclosure Lady Bohun was pulled into the
ruck, and Pas d' Extase took second place, Lady of Cover-
dale proceeding with a clear lead, Lady Bohun following
in the rear of Pas d' Extase, and East Stanley going on
fourth, Success fifth, and Queen of Trumps last. Half-a-
mile from home Success drew into a more forward posi-
tion, and before reaching the turn into the straight took
third place, where he remained until arriving at the dis-
tance post. There he joined Lady of Coverdale, and the
pair raced home well together, Success winning easily by a
length ; a similar distance separated the second and third,
and a length also divided the third and fourth. Queen of
Trumps, and East Stanley, who never took any prominent
part in the race, was beaten off.
The Sapling Stakes of 5 sovs each, with 100 added, for
2-yr-olds ; colts, sst 101 b ; fillies, Bst 71b; the second to
receive 25 sovs ; winners extra. T.Y.C. 14 subs.
Mr. J. Osborne's Black Jacket, Bst 101 b (J. Osborne 1
Mr. Copeland's The Danneborg, Bst 101b...(J. Snowden) 2
Mr. Tittensor's Lady Constance, Bst 71b (S. Adams 3
Betting-5 to 2on Black Jacket, who made the whole of
the running, and won cleverly by a length. Five lengths
separated the second and third.
The Union Cup (Handicap), of 200 sovs in specie, added
to a sweepstakes of 5 sovs each ; winners extra. The
second to receive .£25 out of the stakes ; winners extra .
About one mile and a quarter. 37 subs.
I
Lord Bateman's Mousley, 4 yrs, Bst (J. Grimshaw 1
Mr. J Osborne's Wild Poppy, 3 yrs, Est (carried Est 21b
(Carroll 2
Lord Stamford's Gemma, 6 yrs, Bst 51b (J. Dome 3
The following also ran :—Charming Woman, Donny-
brook, The Clown, East Lynne, and Filbert.
Betting-5 to 2 agst Gemma, 4to 1 agst Mousley, 3to 1
agst Donnybrook, 8 to 1 agst Charming Woman, and 10 to
1 each agst The Clown and East Lynne (although 4 to 1
was at first taken about the last-mentioned horse). Moulsey
jumped away in front, followed for three quarters of a mile
by The Clown and East Lynne, when the latter dropped
back, and at the distance The Clown also gave way to
Gemmalind Wild Poppy. Mr. Osborne's filly came with a
rush opposite the stand, and though she overhauled Gomm,
could never reach Moulsey, who, after making all tho run-
ning, won in a canter by four lengths. A neck separated
the second and third, and three lengths divided the third
and fourth, Filbert pulling up, was fifth, Donnybrook
sixth, and the two last were The Clown and East Lynne.
The Chesterfield Handicap of 5 sovs each, with 50 added ;
for all ages ; winners extra. One mile. 9 subs.
Mr. E. Buckley's Wynnstay, 6 yrs, Bst 101 b (J. Snowden) 1
Lori Bateman's Danaus, 4 yrs, 7st 121 b (J. Grimshaw) 2
Mr. Delaware's Breffin, 3 yrs, Est 51b (Carroll) 3
The following also ran :—Ross, Desdemona, and Kildare.
Betting-6 to 4 agst Breffln, sto 2 agst Danaus, 7to 2
agst Wynnstay. Won by half a length ; a head between
second and third. .

The Plffllip's Handicap of 60 sovs ;for all ages ; winners

extra. About 5 furlongs.
Mr. Osborne's Gig, 3 yrs, 7st (Carroll) 1
Mr. Barber's Cutaway, 4yrs, Bst 21b (J. Snowden) 2
Mr. R. H. Jones's Skylark, 4 yrs, Bst E. Harrison) 3
The following also ran :—Well Done, Pleasure Boat,
Innisfallen, Crazy Jane, and Silenus.
Betting-7 to 4 agst Gig, 3to 1 agst Cutaway, 7to 2
agst Skylark, and 10 to 1 agst any other.
The Maiden Plate of 50 sous ; weight for age. One mile

and a qUarter.
Mr. T. Wadlow's Sahara, 3 yrs, 7st (J. Grimshal 1
Mr. Osborne's Madras, 6st 111 b (Carroll 2
Mr. Sumner's Pas d'Extase, 3 yrs, 7st (J. Marson 3
The following also ran :--Sprite, Midwife, Orontes, Fan,
and Cargo.
Betting-6 to 4 agst Sahara, 7 to 4 agst Madras, and 10

to 1 each agst Sprite and Pas d'Extase. Won by two
lengths; three lengths between second and third.

WYE RACES-YESTERDAT.

LADIES' PLATE.

Lydia 1
Mrs. Sommerville 2
Bessie

Seven ran.
SELLING STAKES.

Shamrock
Ptarmigan
Cloister

Five ran.
WYE HANDICAP.

Claxton
Pyrrha 2
Spanish Boy

Four ran.
OLANTEIGH TOWER STAKES.

Brimstone
Domino 2
British Tar 3

Nine ran.

ASCOT RACES.

Acceptances for the Ascot Stakes of 25 sovs each, 15 ft, and
only 5 if declared, with 200 added. Two miles and a
half. 53 subs ;27 declared. The highest weight accept-
ing being Bst 71b, it has been raised to Bst 121 b, and the
others in proportion.

Age st lb
Planet ... 4 8 12
Accident ... 5 8 12
Stanton !... a 8 10
Hippolyta 4 8 10
Flatterer ... 4 8 6
Gibraltar ... a 8 5
Tomato ... ...4 8 4
Hollyfox ... 4 8 4
Bally Edmond ... a 8 3
Ethelred ... 4 8 1
Ross ... 6 8 1
Bradamante 4 7 13
Privateer ... ... 4 7 12

Age st lb
Alabama. ... 4 7 7
Eleanor ... 5 7 5
Barchettina ... 5 7 4
Nuneaton ... ... 4 7 3
Moose ... 5 7 1
Auricula ... 4 7 1
Sprite ... 4 6 9
The Scheldt 3 6 9
Scarborough. 3 6 9
Auditor ... ... 3 6 5
Cobweb ... ... 3 6 4
Redmire 6 3
Arkansas ... ... 3 5 12

The Charge of Homil

de against a Surgeon.

Last evening Mr. Humphreys, the Coroner for Eastern
Middlesex, held an inquest at the Mile-end Old-town Work-
house, Bow, on the body of the man who was shot, under
the circumstances narrated in The Sun of Tuesday in the
report of the Thames Police-court. The body of the man
had been identified as that of a ship painter, living in the
district, and named Thomas Solomons, and a rumour was
current in the neighbourhood that he had been accustomed
to visit some one in the house of Mr. Debenham, the sur-
geon, by whom he was shot.
Mr. Lewis, sen., of Ely-place, attended on behalf of Mr.
Debenham, and Inspector Hayes watched the case for the
Police Commissioners.

Francis Keys, who described himself as living in a house
the yard of which was at the back of Mr. Debenham's gar-
den wall, deposed that he well knew deceased, with whom
ho was on Monday keeping holiday. The deceased, he
stated, was at his house with his father, mother, and sister
until about 11 o'clock, when he was desired to go as he was
very drunk and it was getting late. Deceased accordingly
went, and passed out at the front door, which was locked
after him.
In cross-examination witness stated that his sister had
formed a connexion with the deceased man, by whom she
had had a child, but that she had not lived with him of
late because he was a married man, though he was a fre-
quent visitor at their house. He was separated from his
wife and was living in lodgings.
The sister of this witness was called, and she corrobo-
rated her brother, and positively asserted that the deceased
had never visited her by the back way of the house.
Mr. J. F. Sergeant, the assistant to Mr. Debenham, de-
posed—l sleep at Heath-house, the residence of Mr. Deben-
ham, and about 12 o'clock on Monday night I was called
from my bed by Mr. Debenham, who said that some one
was in the garden. I jumped out of bed and followed him
to his bedroom, and looking where he pointed I saw a black
mass, like a man, crouching near the washhouse. Mr. De-
benham called out loudly Who are you? If you don't
speak I will fire," or " I will shoot." I do not know which
he said, but it was to that effect. Mr. Debenheim waited
some little time, and then cocked a pistol, which gave a
veryloud click. He gave the man plenty of time to answer,
and then fired. After firing he said that the man was hit,
and we put on our things and went down stairs, where we
held a consultation as to whether it would be the better
course to go into the garden or for the police, and Mr. De-
benham decided to go for the police.
The Coroner—But you knew the man was hit, why did
you not go and see to him ?—Well, we had seen him fall,
and we were not sure whether he was or was not shamming.
The Coroner—Did you not go and see after the man un-
til the police came ?—No ; we thought it would be better
for me to stay on the premises until the police came.
The Coroner—Was this black mass, as you call it, stand
ing up or lying down when you saw it before the shot was
fired ?—Well, it was crouching by the wall of the house.
The witness then wont on to say that when Mr. Deben-
ham returned with several policemen the back door was
unbolted and they all wont into the garden, where the de-
ceased was found lying with a bullet wound in the temple
and quite dead.
In cross-examination by the Coroner the witness said
that there were plenty of people at the time going up and
down the neighbouring thoroughfares, and that he was
quite sure Mr. Debenham only called out once before firing.
The shot was fired from the second floor.

In answer to Mr. Lewis witness stated that during the
last three months there had been symptoms of some one
trying to break into the house. Did not notice Mr. Deben-
ham saying ho would fire off the pistol to frighten the man
or men.

A sketch of the house and of the adjoining premises was
here shown, and some speculationwas aroused as to the way
the man had got into the garden, most of the walls being
very high.

W. Stretch, police-constable No, 696, A division, stated
—On Monday evening last I was on duty outside Arbour-
square station, when Mr. Debenham came running towards
me, and asked mo to send a constable down to his house.
On my asking him what for, he said, "I was in bed, and
hearing a noise, I got out, went to the window, and, open-
ing it, looked out. I there saw a dark figure crouching in the
corner near my kitchen window. leaned out, 'Who's thbre ?
what do you want ?' several times, but received no answer.
I went and called my assistant, and we both looked out of
window together. My assistant told me he saw something
black in the corner, and, after calling out once or twice
' Who's thore ? what do you want ?' I said, 'lf you
don't speak I will shoot you.' I then fired, and I think
he fell." Orders were given by the acting inspector that I
was to go to the house of Mr. Debenham, and in the garden
I found the man, who was warm, but on examination by
Mr. Debenham was pronounced to be dead. He had a bullet
wound on the left temple, and the shot had gone through
the brim of his hat.

The hat was produced, as was the weapon with which the
death was caused, and which was a, self-acting revolver.
Inspector Hayes pointed out by the ground plan of the
building that the deceased might, by getting over a five-
foot wall in the front of the house, gain access to the place
where ho was found.

Mr. Sergeant was recalled, and, in reply to Mr. Lewis,
stated that Mr. Debenham said, when putting on his
trousers, after firing the shot, that he fired high to frighten
the man.

Wm. Baynes, coachman in the employ of Mr. Debenham,
recognised the deceased as a man who was often about his
master's premises, and whom he had warned away, there
having been several attempts at burglary made.
Mr. Debenham then said he was willing to answer any
questions whish might bo put to him, and, after having
been cautioned in due form, he said, in answer to his soli-
citor—ln firing tho pistol I desired to alarm the man. I
pointed it in the direction of the man, but I thought above
him. When he fell I thought he was shamming, for he did
not moan or groan. •

Mr. Lewis—Had you the remotest intention of shooting
the man ?—I did not of killing him. I meant the shot to go
near him to alarm him. I certainly thought he was getting
in at the kitchen window, as I was aroused by a noise like
a window going up, and when I spoke the noise ceased, but
was renewed when I stepped back into the room. There
was a piece of brick knocked out of the wall, as though it
had been struck by the bullet, which would then have
glanced on to the man. Deceased was a perfect stranger to
me, and I am sure he did not come to my premises after
anybody in my house.

The Coroner said—lt is proved beyond all doubt that
the deceased man died from the pistol shot which Mr.
Sergeant saw Mr. Debenham fire at that man. In these
few words we arrive at the whole case, and the question
will arise, under what circumstances was the pistol fired,
and what crime has been committed by this act, for crime
has undoubtedly been committed in the taking of a man's
life. The law holds that homicide is a crime, though it may
sometimes be caused under circumstances of so very pecu-
liar a nature as to take from it the full force of wilful mur-
der. You have had it in evidence that the premises of Mr.
Debenham have been apparently attempted on sundry
occasions by burglars, though nothing has ever been
missed from the house, and on Monday, the proprietor,
roused from his rest by a noise, saw a crouching figure in
the garden near the kitchen, which any one might sup-
pose a burglar making an attempt to enter the house
would enter first. Mr. Debenham challenged this per-
son, and getting no answer calls his assistant, and then,
fu Mr. Debenham's own words, he called out for the man
to answer, threatening, " I will shot you," and fired the
shot which killed the man. Then comes the very serious
question for you—what is the magnitude of this crime com-
mitted by the person who shot the man ? The law holds
that to kill is murder, and it is only by the circumstances
that the crime is reduced to manslaughter. A man has a
right, in defending himself against an attack, and, ifiabso-
lutely necessary for his own preservation, to take the life
of a person ; but he is not justified in taking the life of that
person if he could get away without doing so, and before
the act of taking life under these circumstances can be
called justifiable it must be made perfectly clear that the
man killed was about to commit a felony in taking the life
of the one opposed to him. I do not think this case can be
called a case of that character, even if the man was in the

garden for felonious purposes, as the one was inside the
house and the other outside. But there is not even the
pretence of saying that the man was in the place with a
felonious intention, and however disagreeable and painful
it may be to me to say so, his being there at that time does
not make this a justifiable or even an excusable homicide.
It is well laid down no homicide can be justifiable unless
there was an urgent necessity for it, for the law does not
tolerate a man taking the life of another, and if you find
that the man was killed by the shot fired by Mr. Deben-
ham's hand, you must call it manslaughter. If tho man
had been inside the house, loaded with plunder, and had
made resistance in defence of that plunder, and attacked
the proprietor's life, the homicide then would perhaps be
justifiable; but there was nothing of that in this case. Mr.
Debenham had owned that he shot the man, and his assis-
tant saw the shot given, and it had not been hinted even
that Mr. Debenham's life was in danger.
_ _

The public were excluded from the room, and after a long
deliberation they were readmitted, when the Coroner read
out a verdict to the effect that the deceased met his death
by a shot fired by Robert Debenham, and that such shot
was fired to alarm the deceased man.