The Sun.
London, England, 1865-03-04 00:00:00

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Established 1824.
The Financial results of the Society's operations
at,lncome exceeds
the 4nnual £201.000
„.
VteZranne Fund safely investel is over Z1,146 000
o: Policies in the last year were 466, assuring £271,440
o„Thi aided to Policies at the last Division was .V 75,077
"'" %dating by Death paid amount to £1,962,629
totiqe °Wi
fOll •
es ng are among the distinctive features of the
Cab;
D SYSTEM.-On any Policy for the whole of Life,
Cviale..,' age does not exceed (1), one-half of. the Annual
4(1 may,a during the first five years may remain on credit,
°lratl either continue SS a debt on the Policy, or be paid
Low Y tittle
'4l), IiATES of PREMIUM for YOUNG LIVES, with
kitarticipation in Profits.
trefiteTVIII4.:NT itYRANCES may be effected. without
,1411, Which the' Sum Assured becomes payable on the
,411 peiit of a specified age, or at death, whichever event
I Itizvlet happen.
°the 7nrel3, LIVES may be assured at rates proportioned
41
111111°1111, ased risk.
ttY 43'of ter - SETTLMENT OF CLAIMS.—Claims paid
proof of death.
olhe
41„e'rersionary Bonus at the Quinquennial Division in
Tthe p. 4 Zed 48 per cent., and the Cash Bonus 28 per cent.,
‘1 le.,olitims aid in the 6 ears.
,' ate'. Division of Profitsy will take place in January,
tic4e o„ Persons who affect New Policies before the end of
tiSersehveill be entitled at that Division to one year's ad-
en abler are of Profits over later entrants.
of tti.,, Rates and Forms of Proposal can be obtained of
)3ociety's Agents, or tat
Ili St GEORGE CUTCLIFFE, Ac'uary and Secretary.
,arnes's-square,_London, S.W.
'4l
(OPPD
'thit MERCANTILE CREDIT ASSOCIATION
,Itt,,,e,e) are authorised to offer 30,000 Shares of the Varna
il)eeto? Company, on the terms of the following Pro-
v ARNA RAILWAY COMPANY
'uastif„. (Rustchuk to Varna',
'''ed by Statutes under the law of Turkey, with
Limited Liability.
/ Concession 99 years.
Share Capita', £900,000.
ier,a, arcs to bearer of £2) each, bearing a minimum
446 Ye "°f 5 Percent. per annum guaranteed by the Turkish
is illistoent.
Turkey,ave been taken, 9,000 of which are under offer
according to the terms of the concession.
t De Price of issue ot the Shares £l2.
i,bs toast on Application Xi, ditto on Allotment £2.
4Atitti t 0 ez £2 10s. per S ,are, at intervals of not less
than three months.
4,l4ltisi4rice of issue Shareholders will re ceive Fi per cent.
vyin,-„, and interest will be allowed a- thellsame rate on
aptgh-,1,!5• Shareholders may pay n
will be redeemed atparbb painsineking fund gua-
15!etc.4,the Turkish Government yyannual drawings, to
/t.",e00 sh`tte year alter the opening of the line, viz. :-
144(1 aces during the first 33 years ; 20,000 during the
"r) '4 Years ; 12,50) during the third 33 years ; total,
•
Nl, hole
pp,: 4di ?I' of each share drawn and paid off at £2 will re.:
kegtii ear dead warrant entitling him to participate in all
TO
thethe Railw y in excess of the guaranteed
kV "n remaining term of the concessio .
Nitem ate the advantages offered to the Shareholders, in
telt e; the minimum interest of 81 per cent., and the
to to -rived from the annual drawings at par, it is reces-
ttLPe",tbar the Railway is estimated to yi ld trom 10
,N,-"u 0100'. Per ann im on the entire capital expended, ot
eeel'ef. ; of this amount £OOO,O 0 has been provided by
oblievi at the rate of 74 er cent. interest, and
thelittenking fund, likewise guaranteed by the
lili"tet,,-overnment ;•the entire profits above the aggregate
Will in consequence become divisible among the
kceo„ ern, rep re ent ng a capital of £901,0)0, and taking
h
14! i‘soiit the price at which the Shares are issued, each
e the s.l°t surplus profit earned on the total cost would
earehoider an addition of nearly 4 per cent. on the
iqiNiorir. 441 by him.
het th,,,.„et Betts, and Crampton have contracted to con-
lt,-,setailway and Works. and provide rolling stock, for
VOirilelli Will leave a suffie ent margin in the h nos of
'ti.ll"l/ to pay interest during the construction, ,nd.to
,rPiatki,,continfrencies, thereby ensurieg that under no or-
Shall the expenditure exceed .£2,000,000.
te.,,,)ee•
e-I,nray was commenced last June, and great r rp_reoss
li4tse,lT,4:de in all branches of the works. Fifty miles 1
kit rtiad re ready for laying the r,
entire contractors
111,441 a 1,2 e 4rrangements to open the line in. the.
Yek‘r.`66. For this purpose all the rails will be delivered
sVP/,•
DIRECTORS.
Lrklt GLADSTONE, Esq, Chairman.
ktie. anon, Blake, Esq.
ii.Q.lll),°i,ljelson, Esq. London.
~Chleey. Esq.'
ito4. Posno, Esq.
1,,e. tinerique.
le, v.; -ranwels. Brussels.
l'ercelin-Monjot.
CONSULTING ENGINEER.
G. P. Bidder, Esq.
ENGINEER.
Wm. M'Candlish, Esq.
CONTRACTORS.
• Messrs. Peto, Betts, and Crampton.
SOLICITORS.
Messrs. Freshfields and Newman.
BANKERS.
Messrs. Roberts, Lubbock, and Co.
• SECRETARY.
J. F. Walsh, Esq.
BROKERS.
Messrs. P. Cazenove and Co.
Ohl OFFICES.
15. Angel-court, E.C.
IYaY will connect Rustchnk, on the banks of the
'll,ll4Lrav,,',.'t Varna, the principal port in the Black Sea, and.
the se 8,, for the entire distance of about 13t English
"tt;Drov-", ust Populous districts in the province of Bulgaria.
'flee remitsyearly to the Turkish Government a
hkieo,tile of about one million sterling, and provides Con-
e) ti: re", e With cattle, limber, grain, and ther produc'.
1T,54r o-D4 attached to the Prospectus will show the route
• 11e,r-b.)o°tlebd Ralway.land thegreat saving of time and
I,lotietilttentehe2l_l.enef route
endto aanndd.
from
mNgVill form the shortest and
the East. It will also
itillntette'LFn..apest and mo.t d rect means of communica-
ZRS Zupe Moldo-WVaacnitian Principalities and the
e d the Port of Varna. The
Te.otrngPnertDo 'nConstantinople will be accomplished
iyet,• -41(eO_I Varna is 'one of the best natural harbours in
from whence there is a larcre exportation of
)11. th (~s_ner merchandise at all seasens"of the year. The
1 ee),,.,„Tru ment are now negotiating with a company
,%..‘etc:.E.r.uction of a breakwater and quays within the
tceitueeseatafre rmpleeted the Harbour of Varna will
'41111.11 qt 3' a Pier hasubeeunrgns.tructed, extending into 16 feet
~h;rl.lB\rater, where vessels of large tonnage may load and
'4ll. 41e c°lcolection with the Railway'.
of the annual payments guaranteed by the
1)111ree-e„"e_ronient the entire Shsre and Debenture Capital
•,titki-Ted with n the term of the concession.
ler 411 w 8o Government have the option of eurchasing
to 2itionaY on terms favourable to the Company, at the
tc, Of 50
, rfb J ars.
tll4 ot 00, er details reference is made to the original Fir-
th„ ention, Cahier des Charges, Plan for Redemption,
Obteri dmts, which, with translations, are
anie_tion stems Company's Office.
jhs't„theerttii for Shares, in the annexed Form, to be left
Ii :niters upon ayment of the deeosit of £1 per
1,1 e., '4. otment is made the deposit will be returned
'Nor, tilt: less number
so
shares beallotted then
_is_ap.
th tthe (lePosit will, so far as required, be applied to-
hectii:Ylnent due on allotment.
kk,)titt Of tLeS and Forms of application f-r Shares may be
4tio ue Secrete of the Imperial Mercantile Credit
40.52 11iell
Y, Thr ted , 95, Rishopsgate-street; of the Brokers,
, eadneedle-street ;or at the aloes of the Com-
Ogel-ourt.
Polo.
'll OF APPLICATION FOR SHARES.
To be retained by the Bankers.
1 le
s,etetieo Directors of the Varna Railway Company.
I a paid to your Bankers, Messrs.Robart s,
oh,
the sum of , being a deposit
shares in the above Com-
ttlfc'ea 4" request that you will allot hat number,
• ot to `0
saccept such shares, or any least number you
he anl ort the terms of the proepectu,s, and I agree
'ePosit due on allotment.
Usual Signature
Name in full ......... • • • •
Residence
n~EProfession
uate
ihyPeb4l.°Tive4l,lll‘lA RAILWAY COMPANY.—
t,,,t6eßent„, IS HEREBY GIVEN, that in consequence
l'il,thee,etie"";:°,lB having been made to the Directors that
ktlZ4ed, i7' need for receiving Applications for Shares was
Veekr tele LAST DAY for Applications is extended to
et,ozie,,,7th March next, at Four o'clock, for London,
-11ttY the Bth March, at Twelve o'clock, for

tr, By order,
410011
4 i l‘th• 28,1865. J. F. WALSH, Secretary.
()- A
-tat
hi 111 the-`4 , PREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road,
b. 111,4111,411111„.ediate vicinity of the Great Northern nail le. at nt,,—* 'king's-cross.
I;4vattro-,,--livr Most Gracious Maje3ty the QUEEN. _
; I:4l(l,lrrilis Royal Highness the Prince of WA LEI,
KGMG
1,°141,4 40,,,--,,liis Grace the Duke of BUCCL LUCA, . .
It' (1T brir'!4l iouridel in the year 1828, the first to estab-
N:lrry w'cll/ie of free admission to the sick poor, without
l t111:40,44 difficulty of Governors' orders, is wholly des-
,ifel,moZo,sl3,l, ZtViPeeort on voluntary contributions an dlegacie e
.
parnestly solicit the ASSISTANCE tethof
qtt rt4l;s remises of this Hospital are
411attej.eral hundred more beds, had the Committee
4111iti0,_,448
relief to maintain them.
quilet.) itr,L.etfieo
aavelraragee nouommTerroot i patients, and, in
f nattendance of the
;_t;oll4,lll.lMhas for a con,igderable period averaged between
I:4lapt IbvoujeeklY•
lt,lik ,14;6,, 0 are received by the Treasurer. Edward Mas-
el elti,, pandit,rholas-lane; also by Messrs. Contts and Co. ;
ti4telt ' ; rpA C°' ' Glyn and Co.' Herriers and Co. ; Ransom Co., Lid 6.).eott, Grote, and Co'
.; Smith, Payne, and Co.;,
v., 14,_ Co ; ,a,; , VC' dilates, Deacon, and Co.; q erend, Gurd-
YerPc4)'?l:ll'hCenieoaßeirtani,r;3r-osmtreg ;di 5. • "1
BTANFDORD SMITE secretary.

LAMBERT'S ASTHMATIC BALSAM.-AN
EFFECTUAL REMEDY, without confining the bowels
or affecting the head, truly efficacious and pleasant, is ad-
mitted to be the best medicine for immediately relieving
coughs, colds, confirmed cases of asthma, and incipient con-
sumption. It frequently cures persons whom the faculty
pronounce incurable, admirably allays the tickling which
provokes frequent coughing. In approaching consumption
it., effects arc truly beneficial. Persons deprived of sleep, or
even lying down for fear of suffocation, may depend on relief
in a few minutes after taking it. Prepares °thy and sold by
W. LAMBERT, Chemist. 8, King-W,lliam-street, Charing-
cross, London, and by all druggists, in bottles, 130., and
three quantities in one, 28. Od. each. Be particular. and ask
for Lambert's Asthmatic Balsam. The name and address are
engraved on the stamp.

ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library,
And Dining-room, consisting of anew and e.egant assort-
ment of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Ink-
stands, beautiful Inlaid Tables, Paper weights, duo., in Italian,
Alabas er, Parian, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, dm
Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mine.
ralogist to her Majesty, 149, Stand, W.C., London.
Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS,
MINERALS, ROCKS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly
facilitate the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CON
CHOLOGY, GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas
each.
PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINN.
SALOGY is given by Mr. TENNANT, at 149, Strand, W.O.

BREAKFAST BEVERAGE.—Honmeopathic practitioners,
and the medical profession generally, recommend cocos
as being the most healthful of all beverages. When the doo-
trine of homoeopathy was first introduced into this country
there were to be obt ,fined no preparations of cocoa either at.
tractive to the taste or acceptable to the stomach ; the nut
was either supplied in the crude state, or so unskilfully
manufactured as to obtain little notice. J. Epps, of London,
nomceopathic Chemist, was induced in the yeir 1839 to turn
his attention to this subject, and at length succeeded, with
the assistance of elaborate machinery, in being the first
to produce an article pure in its co reposition, and so refined
by the perfect trituration it receives in the process it passes
through, as to be most acceptable to the delicate stomach.
For general use Eppa's Cocoa is distinguished as an invigo-
rating, grateful breakfast beverage, possessing a most deli-
cious aroma. Dr. Ilassall, in his work, "Food and its
Adulterations," says —" Cocoa contains a great variety of im-
portant nutritive principles—every ingredient necessary to
the growth and sustenance of the body." Again; "As a
nutritive, cocoa stands very much higher than either coffee
or tea." Directions—Two teaspoonfuls of the powder in a
breakfast cup, filled up with boiling water or milk. Secured
in tin-lined Vb., Ob., and 11b. labelled packets, and sold by
all grocers, confectioners, and chemists.— [Aim.]

TIMES.—At the close of the fourth year of the
war the Federals have gained a victory which will
recompense them for many labours and encourage
them to pursue with renewed vigour the conquest
of the South. Charleston, the cradle of the rebel-
lion, the focus of secession, the real metropolis of
the Confederacy, has at last succumbed to the
Federal arms, and is in the possession of a Northern
army. This event seems not to have been unexpected
even at the South. The tone of the Richmond
journals indicated that some such catastrophe was
at hand. There was an exhortation to resistance
which seemed to be inspired rather by apprehension
than confidence. The South thought, perhaps, that
Charleston might be saved by a rising of the people
of South Carolina. The event has shown that this
judgment was incorrect, and the chief city of the
rebellion has fallen as easily as New Orleans or
Savannah. On the 13th of February the Federal
army had arrived at Orangeburg, and the Confede-
rate forces fell back in the direction of Columbia,
the capital of the State. The Federal forces pursued
and in a very short time had succeeded in occupying
this important though not extensive town. Of the
actual evacuation of Charleston which followed we
have but meagre details. It appears that the sur-
render had been expected by the Confederates, and
that the more opulent inhabitants of the place had
taken away their families and their goods and left
the city ready for burning. On the night of the
17th of February the place was abandoned, and the
Federals entered without resistance, two hundred
pieces of artillery falling into their power. Part of
the Federal troops crossed from James. Island in
boats and took possession of the city without find-
ing any opponents, but the upper part of the city
had been fired, and nearly 6,000 bales of cotton
appear to have been destroyed. The influence of
this -victory can hardly be exaggerated. Although
the Federals may not gain many military advantages
by it, although the blockade may not be more effec-
tive now that they possess the town than when they
controlled the entrance to the harbour, yet the moral
effect of the capture of this celebrated city cannot but
be most powerful on the conduct of the war. Not
only during the four years of the war, but during
the long political struggle which preceded it, the
people of the North have constantly looked upon
Charleston as the metropolis of separatist opinions.
It is against- Charleston that the most fervent
apostles of abolition have inveighed, that the most
eloquent preachers of negro rights have harrangued.
At last the fortune of war has placed the
hated city in their power. This third-rate town
—for such it would be considered either in England
or America—has been identified with the opinions
of a powerful political class in the old time, and of
late years with the success of an anti-national insur-
rection. It is natural to suppose that when the
news reached the Northern cities that Charleston
had surrendered without striking a blow they thought
that .the crowning victory had been granted to their
arms. The breaking of the blockade is at an end
as far as regards the chief port of the Confederacy,
and the assurance which was obtained by gaining
the command of the harbour is made doubly sure
by the capture of the city itself. After having cap-
tured New Orleans, Savannah, and Wilmington,
the Federals could not have gained a more accep-
table prize than the city of Charleston, the taking
of which rules their supremacy at sea, and imprisons
the
war from the resources which nature has given them.
It is not Confederates
so h, however,
rrithethcarry the
on
actualrY loss to the
muic nthe i row n
Confederates by the capture of Charleston which is
of importance as the proof which the event gives
that the population of the south-eastern States are
no longer able to oppose the march of the Federal
armies. The advance from Savannah to Charleston
seems to have been as easy as the march from
Atlanta to Savannah. The Federals have now
several armies in the field, large in numbers, well
disciplined, accustomed to war, well supplied with
all the . necessaries of a campaign, and to oppose
these the Confederates have only the obstinate
courage of their population, who seem resolved to
bear every extremity rather than return to their
allegiance to the old Republic. How, then, shall
they continue the struggle ? That they are deter-
mined to continue it Call hardly be doubted. The
meeting the other day between • President Lincoln
and Air. Seward on the one side and some Confe-
derate delegates on the other has had no other result
than to make the people of the Southern States
more resolute in their policy. What, then, is to
be the new plan of defence ? We are told that the
Confederates are ready to abandon the seacoast
towns and trust their destinies to the defences of the
interior. Undoubtedly this is now their best, and
indeed their only policy. But whether they will be
able to arrest the progress of the Northern armies
by these means is very doubtful. The Federals by
improving their means of transport, by gaining a
knowledge of the country, and by being able to
make their way unmolested by the diminished
bands of the Confederates, have now the power of
penetrating every part of the Southern States. That
they will go anywhere, and during their march
really hold the country in subjection, we must
expect during the remainder of the war. The
trust of the Confederates, probably, is that this
occupation, like that of the British during the revo-
lutionary war, will lead to nothing. They think that
the extent of their country is too great for it to be
conquered and held. This confidence has been strik-
ingly manifested, at Richmond and at other places
in the Confederacy, in the meeting which have taken
place in consequence of the abortive negotiations
between the two parties. At a time when it might
seem that the courage of the South was failing, and
that its successive reverses had disposed it to listen
to fair terms from its adversary, there has been a
new outbreak of the war feeling, and President
Davis, whose assent to the negotiation of the other
day was obtained through the influence of some half
discontented persons in the Confederacy, has since
the interview with the Northern President gained a
new term of popularity and power. It would be
useless to speculate on the ability of the Southern
people to maintain the struggle they have so boldly
challenged and so steadfastly carried on. They are
hard pressed, but they show as yet no sign of waver-
ing, and we must expect new campaigns in the in-
terior before the decisive battle of this war is won.
But the contest will now be waged under different
conditions. Although the help given by European
nations in spite of the blockade may have been ex-
aggerated, yet the cessation of supplies from the
outer world which must be the consequence of the
operations at Charleston and Wilmington will have
an effect on the tactics of the Confederates. Hence-
, forth there is a war to be waged between a people
possessing the uncontrolled command ofthe sea and
intercourse
another which,though debarred from all
with the world or the possibility of efficient help,
yet retains a considerable territory, and will doubt--
less continue to show in defending it the obstinacy
which has been witnessed during the last four years.

HERALD.—This is the Fourth Day of March, in the
year 1865. It is a great anniversary for America. It
is pencil-marked in the Book of her Constitution.
Forty-eight hours hence a Senator will move, at
Washington, that the United States, in gratitude
for their prosperity and reputation do constitution-
ally acknowledge the existence of a Supreme Being.
r a trafficing in
whwho dispenses
dispenses with all
Whom, however, do they obey this morning ? Once
thought
eghAt Abraham
a raham Lincoln,
conscienceblood upon butcherly battle-fields, and crowning
himself King of the New World of Golgotha. The
o
fourth day of March is doubly significant in the
American annals. It brings the hour of the Presi-
dent's triumph ; it was the day when, nearly two
centuries ago, multitudes of red Indians assembled
near the site of the present city of Philadelphia,
moving through the woods in vast and dusky masses
to ratify a treaty with William Penn. There, with-
out banner, or mace, or guard, or chariot, the Quaker
conciliated the Sachems; and well might the Sachems
marvel could they witness the horrors which blacken
around the heads of their successors in the American
land. Their own barbarism is eclipsed ; the civili-
sation which was to supplant it is already extinct ;
the people talk vainly of God, and destroy His
works without reason,. compunction, or remorse.
They propose to recognise a Supreme Being ! And
they deluge the soil with blood. Never was Chaos
more profound. It is a huge wandering tumult from
the shores of one ocean to the brink of auother. It
is a savage and shocking degeneracy of the human
race. The world has witnessed spectacles equally
startling ; but where ? Nowhere, except in China,
liindostan Egypt, and Tartary. Yet, this is a
people which offers to legalise a belief in the Deity !
There is a terrible sarcasm in the measure just
" tabled " at Washington ; and there is, moreover,
a fearful rebuke to Yankee despotism in the anni-
versary of the fourth of March. Whether conclud-
ing a treaty or celebrating a constitution, how would
the generations of America—the generations which
fought through bitter wars, and founded an edifice
of liberty which became a ruin before it reached its
proper height—have felt could they have anticipated
the circumstances and omens of thin day ? Would
they have remembered William Penn and the Red-
skins, the will of George Washington, or the Pre-
sidency, grotesqued and brutalised by Abraham Lin-

coin ? Would they reflect upon the exaggerated
eloquence of their statesmen, who one after another,
have exulted in glorifying in their ears " the death-
less unity of a people" whose unity exists no longer?
When Humboldt wrote his chapter on Cosmical
Space, and suggested that America from a social
point of view might some day be seen as an
enormous wilderness " full of fighting atoms," he
jestingly predicted a grim and fatal truth. All
the genuine progress of the Republic has been
checked ; she may appear to flourish, but is
morally and materially, in her Northern territories,
decaying in numbers, in commerce, in credit, in
manufactures, and in money. The North boasted
once that a thousand children of Europe came daily
to its bosom, ministering to its opulence and power.
When they land now, as they do from Germany
and Ireland, to what destiny are they consigned if
not to that of the wretched recruits whom a callous
general ordered to the front merely "to absorb the
enemy's fire?" And yet America is expected to be
jubilant upon this fourth, and memorable, and glo-
rious day of March ! Some while ago a traveller
wrote, with reference to America, to the effect that
a book might be written upon it every six months
by the same person, visiting the same scenes, and
yet possess the charm of novelty. There are novel-
ties indeed in the New World—novelties of idea, of
manners, of indecency, of law and warfare, of jus-
tice and chivalry—of all, in fact, which makes up
the contrast between civilisation and barbarity.
Look at the Americans now, at the date of
their grand political celebration, and what do
we behold ? Not even the solemnity of a civil
war. Only fury, levity, and an atrocious dis-
regard of nature ; only a charlatinism which
has ceased to dazzle ; only riot, destruction, and
brutality. There is a legend extant which tells how
the First Napoleon, into a dream invented for him
by some artistic poet, felt wounded in his heart when
he reviewed his dead legions in the Elysian fields of
Paris ; but the pang his conscience felt must have
been as nothing compared with the sting to Abraham
Lincoln, were it credible that the representative
rail-splitter ever had a conscience at all. This must
be, to the President and his countrymen, a miserable
anniversary. Happy are the Americans who dwell
far from Washington and New York, engaged in
hewing timber, in the haulage and floatage of it
down the rivers, and in tasks not stained with blood.
Happy they whose log-huts are perched among the
remote creeks, who relish an untrammelled existence
in the forest, who are lumberers and drudges of the
raw field, and whose culture is, in reality, ten thou-
sand times purer than that of the Broadway. They
may be afflicted by social animosities of their own ;
they may have their feuds and factions ; they may
remember the political preacher who ten years ago
went among them exclaiming, " You will, when
you attack the South, have a Dictator instead of a
Presdent ;" but did they ever think that the sun
would rise upon such a fourth of March ? They
had been threatened with a servile war ; they had
been told that, amid civil strife, the negroes would
battle their way to freedom and establish an
Arrican Government amid the sons of Japhet.
They had been warned of disruptions between
Oregon, California, and the United States. But
did they ever believe that an American Federacy
would go begging over the face of the earth for con-
scripts to slaughter American citizens ? To them, to
the simpler denizens of the New World, as to the
Christian and compassionate people of the old, the
bloody tidings of each resultless campaign must come,
darkened with hues of horror. Once it was said
that the life of a Redskin in America was not esti-
mated as more sacred than the life of a buffalo. But,
as if under a fearful Nemesis, the Yankees have bid
against Nature, and their lives vanish by myriads, to
the tolling of a great death-bell which for years has
not been silent. Franklin used to talk of " wise
heads and iron wills" as essential to the flourishing
of his countrymen. Where are they now, when they
are most wanted? A civil war, of horrible ferocity,
spreads itself like a deadly exhalation over the land,
and there is not a single American statesman in
office competent or willing to guide his nation out
of the disastrous abyss. America, as an American
orator ejaculated once, is " England without a
past !" This fourth day of March disposes us to ask
her politicians upon what calculations they base
their calculation of chances for the future. They can
have no pride in their present position—they can
have little hope—they have seen their constitution
wrecked, and where are they at this hour ? In a
word, what are we expecting, from day to day, from
their vast and teeming continent? Intelligence of
war, of carnage, of misery, and social degradation,
over which a people, celebrating a disgraced anni-
very, must blush and be bitterly ashamed.