The Sun.
London, England, 1862-09-18 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEVIBEN 18, 1862

EMPEROR'S pamphleteer and who "is " the EM-
PRESS'S political fueilletonist, indulges so very
lavishly. The precision of the language used by
the Oniczal Gazette of Turin in many respects bears
a resemblance to that to which our own precis
writers are accustomed from the outset, and in the
skilful employment of which they are carefully
disciplined.
Scarcely has this organ of the Italian Govern-
ment put forth this distinct announcement when
the Patrie gives to the public an account of
certain words (not one atom less plainly
spoken) recently uttered by his Majesty King
VICTOR EMMANUEL. The occasion upon which
, the Italian Sovereign uttered these words being
the reception by the KING, at a private audi-
ence, of a deputation from the provincial council
of Forli. This deputation having approached his
MAJESTY for the purpose of offering him their loyal
congratulations upon the speedy marriage of his
second daughter (god-daughter of the POPE), the
Princess PIA, now affianced to the youthful King
of PORTUGAL ; and availing themselves of the op-
portunity respectfully to insist upon the general
solicitude felt—to have the Roman Question at last

efinitively settled. " After listening attentively,"
says the Paris correspondent of La Patric, " to all
they had to say, his MAJESTY replied that he was
well aware how important it was for Italy, and
especially the central provinces, that the Roman
question should be decided; that he was just as
anxious for it as they were, and he could give them
an assurance that in the course of 1863 the question
would be solved to the complete satisfaction of Italy
and of the whole Catholic world. This declaration,"
adds the writer, " made a profound impression on
the members of the deputation. Count ALBICINI,
who WAS at its head, asked the KING whether they
might repeat to the populations which they repre-
sented the encouraging and hopeful words they had
just heard. His MAJESTY not only authorised, but
expressly desired, them to do so." The corres-
pondent of La Patrie, observing upon this point in
conclusion, "I think I can guarantee the accuracy
of the above statement." If we are to believe
which—there is reason, indeed, for all parties to be
inexpressibly grateful- Let us hope that this uni-
versally satisfactory solution of the Roman pro-
blem may come, if not sooner, certainly not later
than 1863. At any rate, if it cannot come until
then, it is worth waiting for.

of freedom and reverence. Fifthly, that we have

thus solved the most difficult problem in politics,
that of not only combining " freedom with order,
but progress with tradition." Mr. DISRAELI thinks
we should bear our honours meekly—not proclaim
to mortified Americans, that our strength depends
on the superiority of the philosophy of our institu-
tions; but still we have a right to be proud of it
ourselves. We certainly must not taunt the North
with Mr. DISRAELI'S, political philosophy, for
they are now fighting their death struggle, just to
combine " tradition with progress." Their adherence
to the traditions of WASHINGTON and FRANKLIN,
their idolatry of their Union, hardly fourscore years
old,their frantic madness at the thought of reversing
the traditions of the Fathers of the Federalism—
this is what the North is now fighting for at such
a fearful cost. Progress, Mr. DISRAELI will ac-
knowledge, the Union has had enough of ; but the
battle for tradition seems likely to fail there.

The additional telegrams by the City of Wash-
ington, which we published last night, disclose a
yet worse state of things for the Federals. They
positively state that the Confederates have crossed
the Potomac, and taken possession, amidst the
exultations of the numerous Secessionists there, of
Frederick City, in Maryland. The rumour that
STONEWALL JACKSON had entered Baltimore, which
reached us by the Hibernia, was premature. But
the latest accounts place him at the city just men-
tioned with 40,000 men. The importance of this
movement is very great. It must be remembered
that it can hardly be considered as an aggression of
the South on the North, since Maryland as a Slave
State belongs to the South. It has been held down
by Northern armies, but all its sympathy has been
plainly with the South. if the reader can glance
at any map, he will see that Fred crick City, Wash-
ington, and Baltimore, form a triangle, of which
Washington is in the extreme southern angle. Hence
JACKSON can march from Frederick to Baltimore,
the capital of Maryland, at the northern extremity
of the Bay of Chesapeake, and leave Washington
about fifty miles south of him. A railroad, indeed,
runs along the whole line of his march. He win
thus be able to raise the whole of Maryland be-
tween Washington and the adjacent Free State of
Pennsylvania, and the capital will thus find itself
in hostile territory ! The Confederates must, how-
ever, be much stronger than we have hitherto sup-
posed, in point of numbers, if they can spare men to
take Washington in its rear.
As usual the latest accounts of Federal battles
are again the worst. At the Saturday's battle of
Bull's Run, they lost, we now hear, severely indeed.
The Confederates claim the result of Saturday's
(30th) fighting as their greatest victory of the war,
asserting they captured 80 pieces of artillery, 5,000
prisoners, many stand of arms, colours, flags, &c.
In all the fighting since they dashed on Manassas
they also claim to have captured waggon trains of
supplies and ammunition, arms, and camp equipage
sufficient to supply their whole army, now on Bull
Run, for many days. They admit all this was not
accomplished without a fearful sacrifice of life; and
though the loss in the battle of Saturday is stated
to have been not more than 400 killed and 2,500
wounded, they acknowledged a total loss in all the
fighting of 10,000 killed and wounded.
The telegrams from New York now speak, in
general terms, to the same effect; acknowledging
that the Confederates captured large quantities of
ammunition, stores, and artillery, while Alexandria
is said to be filled with the dead and dying. The
conclusion must now be that, with heavy loss to
themselves, the Confederates inflicted, in the
greatest battle of the war yet fought, a fearfully
heavier loss on their enemies, and have been able,
as a consequence, to threaten the reconquest of
Maryland.
All this is indeed a vast change, one which seems

to have taken place simultaneously along the whole
of the Border States. The people of the indivi-
dual States—some of them are mentioned by name
—are taking, as States, measures for their own
defence, and for the further conduct of the
war. But at present the defence of Washing-
ton seems to be all the Government can think
of. It seems impossible that the North should
begin to think of an armistice or yielding as things
stand at present. Their spirit has not hitherto
been that of men easily cowed by misfortune. They
will, in al] probability, make unheard of efforts to
redress the military balance of things—then, indeed,
if they he wise, they will tempt fortune no farther.
Diverse contingencies, any of them possible, are
before us now. JACKSON may fail, so far from his
supports, in Maryland. The North may fail in a
great spasmodic effort to get rid of him, and to
tern back the South—while, again, no one can say
whether either may not succeed. Things have
arrived at both an administrative and a military
crisis for the North, and change or utter defeat are
the only alternatives.

A preliminary meeting is to be held this evening,
at the Whittington Club, to express sympathy for
GARIBALDI in his sufferings. A larger meeting,
having the same object in view, is to be held later,
on in some more ample arena, in Exeter-hall, or the
London Tavern, or we will even yet hope, in the
ancient Guildhall. As the first gathering of
the kind, however, in the metropolis since
the affair of Aspromonte, the assembly that
is convened for this evening at the Whitting-
ton Club has an especial attraction about
it. We can hardly doubt, under the circumstances,
that it will prove an attraction sufficient in its way
to render this meeting, although merely, as we have
said, one of a preliminary character, one also re-
markable as such by its harmony and its enthu-
siasm. It is a happy and encouraging introduction
to the proceedings which will take place a few
hours only after we have first gone to press this
afternoon, that to-day has already witnessed the
publication in the daily newspapers of the metro-
polis of that first letter from Professor PARTRIDGE
(now probably arrived at Varignano), in
which communication that distinguished sur-
geon announces the sympathy evidenced towards
the illustrious prisoner by cur large-hearted and
public-spirited Premier, Viscount PALMERSTON.
The knowledge of the fact that. Lord PALMERSTON
has instructed her MAJESTY'S Ambassador at the
Court of Turin, to endeavour to facilitate so far as
might be practicable the access of Professor PAR-
TRIDGE to the prison sick-room of General GARI-
BALDI, is of itself a guarantee that the sympathy of
England for GARIBALDI is in a fair way of speedily
and directly reaching its destination.

LAT ES f NEWS.

EAST INDIA, CHINA, AND
AUSTRALIAN MAILS.

SOUTHAMPTON, SEPT. 18.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's screw
steamship Pera, Captain T. Jamieson, arrived at 2
a.m., with the heavy portion of these mails, in charge
of Messrs. Fisher and Roberts, of the General Post-
office. She brings 80 passengers (44 first-class, 22
second, 11 children, and 5 deck, £3OO in specie, 5
packages of valuables, 1,394 bales of silk, about 800
bags of wheat, 61 chests of lemons, and 142 pack-
ages of general merchandise.

The Pera left Alexandria the sth inst., Malta the
Bth, and Gibraltar the 12th. During the voyage
she has had generally fine weather, except in the
Bay of Biscay, where she experienced very strong
N.E. winds and heavy sea.

On the 13th the Pera exchanged signals with the
screw steamer Melbourne off Cape St. Vincent.
Her Majesty's ships Magicienne and Pelican were
at Malta, and the Malacca and Redpole at Gibraltar.
A French frigate and the usual Egyptian fleet
were at Alexandria.
The British steamer Amazon, Capt. R .L. 'Weeks,
seven days from London, and 34 days from Lisbon,
arrived at Gibraltar on the 11th; the brig Giacomo,
Capt. C. Solari, 14 days from Hartlepool; and the
schooner James and Mary, Capt. R. Jones, 12 days
from Swansea, on the 11th, both laden with coals.
The brig Mary Ann, Captain C. Allen, 24 days
from Alexandria and 14 from Scilly, arrived at Gib-
raltar on the 12th, leaky, and with her fore main-
topmast lost on the 9th.
The schooner Eduardo, Capt. J. Bijnas, 27 days
from New York, with staves, &c., for Lisbon, was
towed into Gibraltar on the 11th by the steam tug
Adelia, water-logged, having been on shore in the
morning in Sandy Bay.
Exchanges and freight quotations remained un-
altered.

THE BRAZILS.
MONTEVIDEO, AUG. 16.
(PER ESTREMADURA7 via LISBON.)

Exchange, 401 d. to 404 d.
Wet salt ox-hides, 62 reals ; dry hides (Ameri-
can), 55 reals to 66 reals; wool, nominal; tallow,
20 reals.
Business quiet.

AMERICA.

QUEENSTOWN, WEDNESDAY MORNING.

The Inman steamer City of Washington has
arrived, having left New York on the 6th inst.
She brings 259 passengers, and has 434,000 doll.
in specie on freight. On September 8 she passed
an American ship bound west, showing a flag black
and white under ensign. On the 10th passed the
British ship Darby Allan, bound west. On the
10th the City of Washington called off Cape Race.
Her advices have been anticipated ; bat the sub-
joined financial intelligence is of interest:—
(From the .New York Shipping and Conine, cial List of

Sept. 6.)
" The apprehensions engendered by the late unexpected
manoeuvres of the army of Virginia, and the reported ad-
vance of the Confederate forces in Kentucky towards Cin-
cinnati, Ohio, combined with the thousand-and-one un-
favourable rumours which have been circulated in Wall-
street and elsewhere during the past three days, have not
extended to financial circles, and have utterly failed to
shake the confidence of any but the most timid in the final
success of the Government in its warfare against the re-
bellion. The existing state of things is generally regarded
as the legitimate fruits of the policy which, until re-
cently, was pursued by the authorities at the National
Capitol ; but, inasmuch as the future mode of dealing with
the rebellion promises to differ radically from that of the
past, it is believed that the efforts of the Government
to subdue its enemies will be entirely successful. It is also
believed that the erroneous idea of the invincibility of any
particular army will not in future prevent either the public
or the Administration from more fully appreciating the
magnitude of the difficulties to be overcome, before the
Union forces can effect the accomplishment of their task
of capturing the Confederate capital, or of overcoming the
Confederate army. Hence it is hoped and believed that
the next time that an advance takes place it will be with an
army sufficiently imposing to ensure the successful consum-
mation of that long-deferred object. The report was cur•
rent yesterday that the Confederates had crossed the Upper
Potomac and invaded Maryland. This was not without
benefit to the Bears, who make the most of every unfavour-
able report, and whose forte it is to exaggerate every
rumour which has a tendency to depress the stock market.
There is comparatively little business transacted in mone-
tary circles, and the btuguation which has for some time
existed in commercial circles is extending to every depart-
ment of trade. The business of suppressing the rebellion
is coming to be regarded in the light of a personal matter
—in which one and all are interested—and business is there-
fore considered by many people as of only secondary
consideration. Business places are generally being
closed at about three o'clock, and the balance of the day
is devoted to the business of reinforcing the army and
otherwise advancing the interests of the country.
In fact, it would seem that the vastness of the
war, and the immense sacrifices which must be made to in-
sure the suppression of the rebellion, were never until now
half appreciated.
" The market for gold and silver has been greatly excited
by the rumours and realities of the three days, and the
premium has risen or declined according to the tenour of the
latest report. As a general thing, however, the tendency
has been upward, and the closing rates were much higher
than on Tuesday last.

BANK OF ENGLAND.