The Sun.
London, England, 1862-04-15 00:00:00

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months' pay was a month over due ; but he still
could go on, because be could get his checly, And,
the sutler trusted the paymaster. - •

It must be the age-of paper in the Confederate
States. Here specie is supposed to be in suspension,
and one can detect the precious metal now and then
in a dull precipitate, but the Confederates have paper
which would not "plaster the shirrs of a snipe." I
send over a specimen—a 10-cent. note which I
bought .*;ti Baltimore from an itinerant hawker boy
named Fe&uey in the streets for far more than its
nominal value% Engraved in green, on a piece of
flimsy paper supported at the back by "stiffening"
of white paper, pasta d to keep it together, are the
word " Winchester,"
n
a .representation of a sheaf of
corn arid agricultural in]i dements, then "June 24,
1861 ; No. 5,177;" " the Bank el. Winchester, 10
cents., payable in bank-a otes by the Treasurer
to bearer on presentation of thez e due bills in sums
of 5 dollars." Signed, " Coffor.ll ;J. R. Bowen,
resident." On the right-hand a..de are the words
" Ten Cents," engraved at right antjles, and there is
an engraving of a hunter at. the oppCsitc side, and
the numerals " 10." The date alone is most signi-
ficant. The Confederate prisoners have n. '"ught in
plenty of this money with them, and th.
' little
ragged capitalists like my friend buy or get it !rum
them, and sell it to the curious. Since the advano
of the Federals into Virginia some large orders have
been sent into Baltimore, backed by gold which wa:i
hoarded, and I am informed that the people will not
take the notes of banks in the slave States at any
price.
There is no further news in reference to the
battle outside Winchester, but the Secessionists
maintain that they were not so severely beaten.
as is represented, and that the Federals were very
severely handled. They have a strong belief in
some signal success of their forces at Aequia Creek,.
land it is believed in Baltimore that Johnson has
captured several thousands of the Union forces ;
some say 7,000. But not one word about it could I
hear at Washington. It was in consequence of this
success that Johnson telegraphed to Jackson to at-
tack the Federalists at Winchester, and create a.
diversion. But Shields resisted stoutly, repulsed
the enemy, and, being reinforced by regiments and
guns from Bankes, whose forces were marching to-
wards Manassas from Winchester, inflicted on them
considerable loss, both in men, arms, and prestige,
in the pursuit which followed. Thereis a Cimmerian
darkness over the land as to facts and news.-Editors
and correspondents dare not strike a lucifer in it Ser
fear of Lafayette, Warren, or M'Henry. But the,
secrecy which envelopes Fortress Monroe is the most
profound. I should like to know the popular ideas
at this moment respecting the whereabouts of Gem.
M'Clellan. He is at his quarters near the Semi-
nary, Alexandria, directing the embarkation of the
troops. I was assured by the best authorities the
other day that he was at Fortress Monroe, and
numerous other localities have been assigned to him_
On Wednesday I left Washington in company of an.
English officer, who was anxious to visit a friend of
his on board her Majesty's ship Rinaldo, now lying
off Fortress Monroe. On applying for passes, how-
ever, we were informed that orders had been re-
ceived from the War Department not to permit
any person whatever to go down by the steamer
unless he were engaged on duty and in the ser-
vice of the United States, and all attempts to
get down to the ship were unsuccessful. A
Baltimore acquaintance suggested a plan by which
the trip could be effected ; but, as it would have
been done in a clandestine manner, it was r&-
jected. Now, surely thi's is rather hard. British
subjects are refused leave to go down friendly
waters to visit a British man-of-war. What woulc
Americans say if they were treated in a similar
manner by the authorities in France or England?'
At the same time, it must be confessed that the
military authorities and the United States officers
are exceedingly courteous to the British officers
who are visiting Washington and the camps.
It is admitted by the Secessionists of Baltimore
themselves that Gem Dix wears a silk glove on his
iron hand. Yesterday Gen. M'Clellan, hearing there
were some officers in WashingtOn who had not seen
the review of the day but one previous, sent ovc
an invitation to them to come out to Alexandria,
where a review of 15,000 men, 42 guns, and a few
horse were specially prepared for them by Gen,
M'Dowell. Lord Lyons and the members of the Le-
gation were also invited, and were present. Gen.
111•Clellan and Gen. M'Dowell paid every attention
to their visitors, who were charmed with their cour-
tesy. They rode up and down the lines, took the
post of honour at the march past, received the
salute, and were, in fact, treated with an attention
which was very graceful and conspicuous. The
fine physical properties of the men made an impres-
sion on our officers, which was increased by their
very great and unexpected " steadiness." °The latter
quality has been much dwelt upon by military'
visitors to the American camps recently. Gen.
M'Dowell has not yet embarked, and but a small
portion of the great corps d'armee are yet on board.
" Island No. 10" is still holding out, and the bom-
bardment as yet is a failure. Commodore Foote
had 11,000 13-inch and other shells when he sailed,
and cannot have got through any large quantity
of his stock as yet, but his firing has been reduced
to a minimum. The fact is his vessels are not fitted
for their work. The gunboats with broadside guns
cannot be brought to bear on the forts. Then,
again, the heavy guns were placed in the bows, and
the lighter guns were put in the stern, but it has
been found necessary to go down the stream stern
foremost as soon as the boats get in range, owing
to the great rapidity of the waters of the Missis-
sippi, which are now unusually high and overflow-
ing their banks. Thus, the weaker armament is
opposed to the enemy.
Again, the mortar boats yaw and wabble about in
the current, and it is not possible to anchor them or
the gunboats steadily. Besides, it is not easy to shell
small works at such great ranges, although a city
might be laid in ruins by the fire. Until the land
forces co-operate, then, the progress of the flotilla
may be successfully resisted, and if the Confederates
repulse the Federals a serious disaster and a great
derangement of the plan of the campaign may ensue.
There is no news from New Orleans beyond the
arrival of Porter's flotilla at Passe a l'Outre, one of
the mouths of the Mississippi. Every moment may
bring the news of a victory if the Federals gain the
advantage. When the silence is long continued we
know what has happened. People who reflect are
beginning to get frightened at the complete subju-
gation
may be perpetuated after the occasion of popular rights, and the despotism which
authoritiest
exer-
cise has ceased. Look at the proceedings
ll
of the
Military Governor of Tennessee. He is going to
for its
appoint judges, officers, n
mute all over the State;
and this a State to which,
the Constitution has solemnly guaranteed a Re_
pwuhbi ilec an
debatingformo f
the
Negro question in general—the
President's government."ad
Congress
is p
ar h
ri o
e
proposition and the proposal to emanci-
pate the slaves in the district of Columbia in par-
They have the South in ticular.the palm of their
hands, as they believe, notwithstanding the check
at Island No. 10 and the new gunboats which are
to meet the Federal fleet at New Orleans. There is
a report that, as the Nashville escaped out to sea,
so has the Bermuda run into a Southern port with
30,060 rifles and a quantity
of gunpowder.

mai:ihcOonatCaCi
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THE SUN.

LONDON, TUESDAY, APRIL 15, 1862.

A week's later news from America is now before
ns. But the week's advance is rather in the votes
of Congress than at the seat, or seats, of war. Com-
modore FOOTE still is held in check by Island No.
10 ; and when he is likely to reduce it is not to be
conjectured from the information which has yet
arrived. We are told his boats were found unsuit-
able for the power of the stream; that the heavy
guns were placed in the bows, while they were
obliged to anchor with their sterns to the Island,
and that the lighter artillery were not power-
ful enough for the work required. This, with the
" yawing and wobbling about" of the boats, is to
account for the long delay there about three
weeks, if we remember rightly. From New
Orleans, the capture of which had been the subject
of rumour, the only known fact is, that PORTER'S
Federal flotilla had arrived at Passe a l'Outre, one
of the mouths of the Mississippi, nearly a hundred
miles below the city.
The Confederates have formed a new line of
defence in the South. It is almost two hundred
miles in length, and appears to be based on the rail-
road which runs east from Memphis, on the Missis-
sippi, to Georgia. It is described as commencing
with Decatur, which is a station in the north
of Alabama, a little south of Tennessee, and
terminating with Island No. 10. It is said that
200,000 men have been mustered to defend it, and
BEAUREGARD, who is in Alabama, is of course in
chief command. As the Federals are now in great
force in Tennessee, just north of this line, a battle
appears to be daily expected. On the Atlantic coast
the F ederals appear to be pressing hard. Fort
Pulaski—which protects Savannah, the capital of
Georgia, is closely invested, but the city and its ap-
proac bes are said- to be strongly fortified and de-
fended by 15,000 or 20,000 men. General BURNSIDE
has occupied Beaufort, but the report of the blowing
up of Fort Macon appears to be incorrect, the fort
still holds out.

In Congress the PRESIDENT'S proposal has at last
been carried, the Senate having adopted it by a
vote of 22 to 10. The Bill for the abolition of
slavery in the district of Columbus, with compen-
sation to the slave holders, was also expected to be
carried by a large majority. Thus, so far as reso-
lutions go, the Congress has taken a really im-
portattt step. It has pronounced that slavery is
such Et mischievous evil to the Republic that it is
worth 'while for the States, and the Central Govern-
ment together, to incur the vast expense of con-
stituting the slaves free men, by paying their value
to their owners. -1,1,
e have preceded them at the
cost Of twentymillions
in a
similar trans-
And Ana
erican 8 had they been
wisa, might have accompi
idled the same object, at
the coast, as their PREsitmin told them, of a single
year of war. It is significant of the evil effect of
slavery on the masters, that the Border States, for
whose benefit these resolutions are primly passed,
stoutly oppose them. Probably the minority of ten
is from them. It is to be feared that much will
annodt
come of the mere offer to buy off the slaves,
that if it be meant to operate, measures will have to
be taken to make slavery in the Border States very
however, to
inconvenient to masters. We wish,
hope the best of the North, and shall, therefore,
watch a little anxiously to see whether their Reso
lutions for Emancipation are intended for business
or for Eihow.

action>

Sir RENRY STORKS is showing himself one t,OO
many for the lonian agitators. Those obdurate and
and recalcitrant gentlemen, having lately, in a man-
ner, nailed their colours to the masthead—Sir
HENRY takes a careless flying shot at it. And with
such good
aitn---that fragments of this graceless
banner of sedition wine fluttering down about the

ears of the would-be revolutionists in little rags like
ribbons, The Parliament, in effect, had, with con-
summate coolness, intimated, in reply to the inau-
gural address of his Excellency the Lord High
Commissioner that, after all, nothing effectual could
possibly be looked for in the way of improvement
for the population of the lonian Islands—
saving and excepting through the preliminary
of the union of those islands with the king-
dom of Greece. It is the old story. Mr.
GLADSTONE'S Mission Extraordinary, has been
altogether without effect. That ripe Homeric
Scholar, Financier, Statesman, and Rhetorician,
might have succeeded to admiration in his enter-
prise had he but had reasonable men to deal with.
But there is that homely motto which tells us of
the utter impossibility of contriving by any (the
wildest) stretch of ingenuity to make a silk purse
out of a sow's ear. The right hon. gentleman,
now her Majesty's Chancellor of the Exchequer—
some time, as history will not fail to relate, as a blue
book of portentous magnitude, has already related
—Lord High Commissioner Extraordinary to the
lonian Islands, in the name of her Majesty, might
admirably well, as he did, argue with the leading
men at Corfu upon the disloyal impropriety of their
all but insurrectionary proceedings. But—demon-
strate this though he could, and did, as clearly as
those, his words of witchery could demonstrate any.
thing—he could not with all his rare abilities, aided
by his exquisite adroitness both in diplomacy and in
statecraft, he absolutely could not go in violation of
that wholsome truth expressed in that old, old adage.
And to this day the miracle of transformation remains
unaccomplished. " Convince"—every one knows
who!—" against his will," et cetera. And so the
lonian Parliament reverts to its old rebellious no-
tion—by now respectfully approaching Mr. GLAD-
STONE'S Soldier-Successor with the assurance (in
reply to his late address to them) that it is all
idle to talk about a reconciliation with the English
Government. That the British Protectorate must
come to an end. That the lonian Islands—what-
ever the councils of St. James's may say to the con-
trary—must be united sooner or later to the
kingdom of Greece. Well, and the result of this ?
Is it not a delightful and even perfect justification
of Sir HENRY STORKS' selection to the office of
Lord High Commissioner ? While even the mas-
ter-hand of Mr. GLADSTONE fails, after long fum-
bling over the Gordian knot of that lonian
difficulty, in any way at all to untie it, or even
partially to disentangle it—Sir HENRY STORKS
makes no more ado whatever about the matter,
but coolly whips out his sword, and, in a twinkling,
the Knotty Question is unloosed. "I cannot pass
over," he says, "in silence the allusion made in
this address to the question of the Union of these
States to that sectionlof the Greek race which con-
stitutes the present kingdom of Greece. The Legis-
lative Assembly declares that it will employ all
legal means to give effect to this unchangeable
desire of the people. The only legal and consti-
tutional course to adopt, if indeed such a term can
be applied to the proceeding, would be that of a
petition to the Protecting Sovereign. Such a peti-
tion was addressed by the Legislative Assembly of
the 11th Parliament to her Majesty the QUEEN,
when a solemn and conclusive answer in the nega-
tive was given by her MAJESTY. To the declara-
tion contained in that answer I refer you. In
accepting the Protectorate of the lonian States
England has undertaken duties and acquired rights.
It only remains for me to intimate to you, that
while she will discharge the first with scrupulous
fidelity she will maintain the last inviolate. It
would be well, therefore, for the Legislative As-
sembly to apply itself to its true functions of useful
legislation and to abstain from the further agita-
tion of a question which must be looked upon as
having been settled by the sole authority which is
competent to entertain it."
Now really, than this, we take it, nothing could
very well he more simple, in the way of a response,
or more perfectly conclusive. The still irritated, and
unconvinced, and almost revolutionary Parliament
of the lonian Islands, is reminded that already all
it could do towards carrying out its wishes for a
Union with Greece, it has done. It is agreeably
called to its remembrance how the petition articu-
lating its sentiments had been sometime back trans-
mitted to the Protecting SOVEREIGN, and how by
her MAJESTY it had been returned in due course
with an explicit Negative. Sir HENRY, with grave
irony, after having thus acted in a sort of unoffi-
cial capacity, as Remembrancer to the lonian Le-
gislature, as well as in his official character as Lord
High Commissioner of the lonian Islands—quietly
recommends the representatives of the lonian
people " to abstain from the further agitation of a
question" already so thoroughly well discussed
And, in lieu of that, so to shape their future course
that, under the guidance of a calmer judgment, the
Legislative Assembly may henceforth apply itself
to its more legitimate functions of useful legislation.
The advice is sound. Let us even yet hope that
the lonian representatives may, upon reflection,
take it in good part, and, what is more, act upon it.

llt could hardly fail to strike every reader of the
Premier's speech last Friday, in reply to Sir G.
(
BOWYER, that he spoke on the French occupation
of Rome, though with perfect friendliness to the
French EMPEROR and Government in language very
full of meaning. It seemed as if he could hardly
have gone so far, without being aware that he
bhoold not be saying what was unpleasant to a
neighbouring Government. His arguments from
the really best policy for France, from the incon-
sistency of the Roman occupation with the pro-
gramme of the French war of liberation, and with
the principle of non-intervention, proclaimed by
France as well as by England, all appeared so co-
gent and earnest, as to point to the supposition that
the EMPEROR was not unwilling that the world
should be told by a venerable personal friend, and
by an allied Government that his position was no
longer politically tenable.
The French press has received the speech in the
same light. The Moniteur is silent on it, and does
not even give the speech of Lord PALMERSTON him-
self, though it furnishes Mr, LAYARD'S. But the
other French papers, and even those of Belgium,
speak of the importance of the debate, and openly
commend the views of our Premier. The Lebats
analyses the speech, and says—" His lordship for-
mally declared against the occupation of Rome,
which he considers as contrary, if not to interna-
tional law, at least to the principle of non-inter-
vention proclaimed by France. The noble speaker
even endeavoured to prove that French policy, by
impeding by such occupation the work of
Italian regeneration, is contrary to the well-
understood interests of France herself."
But it goes on to show that, while the sympathy of
England with Italy is so apparent, " whatever may
be the .
Opitnon passed on the present policy of
France and on the presenceatior of her army at Rome,
history will judge of the difference of the services
which France
the ltalian
and England will have rendered to
ic feeling ltihneg
Italy;freed and regenerated,
wilt one day know holy , .
to give to each her part,
and to distinguish between the active sympathy of
nOofble lord's observe-
En gland. Still,
Fran
we think it right to declare that we fully approve
'of the general tendency

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