The Sun.
London, England, 1865-08-14 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, . MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 14, 1865.

ing." The commendatory remarks of the Inspector.
General are understood to have equal application to
the 3d and Bth Hussars.

'The troops at Aldershot under the command of
Lieut.-Gen. Sir John Pennefather, K.C.8., had a
field day on Wednesday. They were formed up on
Eelmoor-hill, in line of contiguous columns, at 10
o'clock, supplied with ten rounds of blank ammuni-
tion, and shortly afterwards were dispersed in order
of battle. The movements seemed to imply the
advance of an enemy from the north-west. After
preparations had been made to dispute his progress,
his threatened attack was discovered to be a feint,
and the troops were ordered to march past. This
over, the enemy was discovered strongly posted in
Bickley-copse, and a series of manoeuvres took place
to effect his dislodgment. This proved a work of
some difficulty, and for a considerable time the battle
seemed to rage with varying success. At length
the enemy, out-generalled on all sides, was thrown
into confusion, and the cavalry completed the dis-
comfiture by a succession of brilliant charges. The
troops on the field were B and F batteries 9th Bri-
gade, R.A. ; D battery R. EI.A. ; 3d, Bth, and 14th
Hussars; A and B troops Royal Engineer Train,
2d battalion Grenadier Guards, Ist battalion 13th
Regiment, Ist battalion 17th Regiment, Ist batta-
lion 21st Royal Scots Fusileers, 31st, 69th, 74th,
85th, and 92d Regiments.
The 39th (Dorsetshire) Regiment, under the com-
mand of Col. Munro, C. 8., marched from its quar-
ters at Aldershott on Thursday morning to the
North Camp station of the South-Eastern Railway,
and proceeded thence by special train to Dover.
The A battery B.Brigade Royal Horse Artillery
left Aldershott Camp on Tuesday for Dorchester.
The E battery 9th Brigade Royal Artillery left
Aldershott Camp on Thursday for Hilsea.
The prizes to the soldiers for the best kept gar-
dens around their huts have just been awarded. A
silver medal has been given to Sergeant-Major Por-
cher, F Battery 9th Brigade, R.A., for the greatest
variety of vegetables, and a bronze medal to Cor-
poral Price, 85th Regiment, for the most attractive
flower garden.

With reference to the court-martial on Lieut.
Denny, reported in The Sun of the 10th inst., we
are requested to state that Lord Frederick Kerr was
not examined, and that it was not three weeks ago
Lieut. Denny saved a man from drowning at Lul-
worth, but on the 28th of July, the day before the
offence with which he was charged was committed.
The steamer was close to the shore, and he put on
shore the man referred to.

The Double Murder at Ramsgate.

RAMSGATE, Saturday Evening.

To-day, at 11 o'clock, Stephen Forwood, who stands
charged with the wilful murder of Mary his wife, and
Emily his daughter, a child eight years old, and who is
also suspected, partly on statements of his own, to have
been concerned in the murder of the three children in
Holborn, was brought up on remand before the district
magistrates sitting at the Town-hall. The magistrates
present were Mr. Crofton (acting as chairman), General
Sir Wm. Coglan, K.C.8., the Rev. G. W. Sicklemore, Mr.
T. Whitehead, Capt. Wilkie, Mr. B. Sicklemore, and Mr.
G. E. Hannam. They were assisted in the examination
by their clerk Mr. Snowdon, and Mr. Livick, the head-
constable, rendered material aid. The prisoner had been
brought earlier in the morning from Sandwich Gaol, about
seven miles distant, in the custody of Mr. Hill, the
governor of the prison, in a close fly. Long before
the hour appointed for the examination a crowd had assem-
bled outside the Court-house, and on its being opened the
people rushed tumultuously in. Through the courtesy of
the magistrates the representatives of the press had been
previously admitted. When the prisoner appeared in dock
ho was wonderfully calm and collected. He is a tall, muscu-
lar man, about 40 years of age, and he had much improved
in appearance since his first examination on Thursday. Ho
has a pompous manner of speaking. He held in his hand
a statement in writing covering several sheets of foolscap
paper, and which he occupied himself in reading and amend-
ing in the short interval before the examination was re-
sumed. For a moment he winced and blushed as the
crowd rushed into the hall, but he never looked round,
and, recovering his composure, he resumed his writing.
On the magistrates taking their seats, the prisoner, ad-
dressing the Breach, said he had a request to make before
the examination was re-opened—namely, for legal assist-
ance, and he had to utter a protest against his having been
deprived of such assistance, by which, ho said, his power
of proving his innocence hail been greatly reduced.
The Chairman told him that was his own fault, and that
on the first examination ho had strongly urged him to ob-
tain such assistance.

The Prisoner—l ask that a gentleman who is now, pre-
sent may be allowed to act as my legal advisor. Ile has been
sent here by a poor publican, who is now the only friend I
have in the world, and who has done for me what Zaccheus,
that sublime man, did on a former occasion.

A clerk from the office of Messrs. Gold and Son was then
admitted to act for the prisoner at his request ; and the
Chairman told the prisoner that if he followed the recom-
mendation of his legal adviser he would hold his tongue.
This was said in reference to a written statement the pri-
soner was about to read.

Mr. Robert Hicks was called and examined. Jle said—l
am a surgeon practising in Ramsgate. I was called to
38, King-street, on Thursday last, at 15 minutes past 9 in
the morning. I went. I first saw the child lying in a
back room, but as it had been moved I went upstairs, and
there found the body of a woman in the front sitting room
lying on the floor on her left side. There were several
people in the room. The left arm was slightly bent under
her ; the legs were also a little bent, the right arm lay on
the body, the head was bent, and the face lay in a pool of
blood. There was a wound two inches behind the right
ear, circular, and about a quarter of an inch in diameter ;
another about an inch in front of the same ear;
a third, irregular, under the right lower eyelid, the
eyelid itself being very much swollen. The prisoner was
in the room. Some one asked in my hearing and in that
of the prisoner who had done it. The prisoner made no
reply. He mentioned the name of the child. I asked gene-
rally what the pistol was loaded with, and the prisoner,
getting up from a sofa, handed me a ball cartridge, but said
nothing. The cause of death was a gunshot wound. I have
since examined the head of the woman more carefully.
The Chairman—Have you altered your opinion as to the
cause of death.?
Witness—No.

The Chairman—Then we don't want that.
Witness (resuming,)—l after Wards saw the body of the
child. Blood was issuing from the nose and mouth. On
removing the child's hat I saw a gunshot wound, which had
completely traversed the head, and I found a ball, which
had been used, close to the child.

Wm. George Tappenden, a porter at the Camden Arms
Tavern, Ramsgate, repeated the evidence he gave at the
inquest on Friday as to a man, whom he now identified as
the prisoner, having asked him to take a message to the
deceased woman on Wednesday evening about 8 o'clock that
he wanted to see her ; as to her having written her address
on a pieco of paper, and as to his having taken the address
to the prisoner, whom he found walking backward and for-
ward before the Camden Arms, and who then went away.
At this stage the prisoner, pointing to a photographer's
camera which had been put up in the court and directed
towards him, said with great solemnity of manner, address-
ing the Bench—" I have to protest against my photograph
being taken in this court. lam an innocent man."

Mr. Crofton, the chairman, said his photograph should
not be taken if he objected to it, and ordered the apparatus
to be removed.

Mr. Livick, head-constable of Ramsgate, was the next
witness. Ile said—On Thursday morning, about half-past
9, I received information that a murder had been committed
at Mr. Ellis's house in Ring-street, and I went there imme-
diately. I saw a female child lying dead in a back room.
I then went upstairs to the front sitting-room. On the
landing I saw a pool of blood, and on entering the room I
saw the prisoner' sitting on a sofa, and a woman lying dead
on the floor. The prisoner was pointed out to me, and I
asked him his name. When he spoke I recognized him by
his voice. He replied Stephen Forwood, and that he had
of late gone by the name of Walter Southey. He said it
was his own lawful married wife. I inquired her name.
Ho said Mary Ann Jemima Forwood. On my asking the
name of the child he replied Emily Sarah Frances Forwood,
and that the child was eight years old and the mother 35.
I told him I was going to charge him with the wilful mur-
der of them, and that he need not say anything unless he
pleased. Addressing me by name, he said if I knew all I
should not think him so bad as he appeared to be. I asked
if he had been searched. He then produced a razor from
his pocket, and before him on the table were lying six
pistol ball cartridges, and two pocket books. He also pro-
duced some papers and keys, half a sovereign, ss. 3d, in
silver, and 3d. in copper. I directed the constable to take
him to the police-station, and while there he asked if I had
received any information respecting the death of the
saidn
collectedtaokedoas
os.t a tie reef
tn
mbuat
three children. I said I had not, but I might. He then
hi
nwdasretnnornt
etdheinn
about-
au hour afterwards. On my return he asked for pen, ink,
and paper. I gave them to him and he wrote the statement
produced, which he wished to be sent to Sir Richard Mayne,
and which he gave to me in his cell. (Tho document
appeared at length on Saturday.) I told him ho was also
charged with the wilful murder of throe children at the
Star Coffeehouse ',Holborn, upon which he asked which
charge he would be tried upon, and whether he could make
his election. That was all that passed.

Police-constable Drayson, who on Thursday morning was
also called to the house of Mr. Ellis, gave corroborative evi-
dence as to the state in which the bodies were found. Ho
was asked by Mr. Ellis, he said, to take charge of the five-

chambered revolver produced, the pair of false whiskers and
moustache, a pair of green spectacles, with sides, and some
pieces of paper with blood on them. The pistol was then
quite warm, and there was blood on the barrel.
Adelaide Ellis was called—l am a daughter of William
Ellis, dyer at Ramsgate. On the evening before the mur-
der the prisoner and his wife called at our house. They
came together, and they had some conversation, and he
made an appointment to come next morning. He then went
away. About 20 minutes past 8 next morning he called.
His wife was then taking breakfast with us. The wife and
he sat a few minutes in the parlour. The child was there,
and I told her to ask the gentleman if he knew who she
was. He did not know her. I then said they might go
upstairs, and they went. The child, who had left, was sent
for, and it went upstairs also. In a few minutes I heard
two reports, and after the second I heard a heavy fall. I
ran upstairs to see what was the matter. I saw the child
rolling down the stairs, and the prisoner following her with
a pistol in his hand. I said, " Forwood, what are you
doing ?" and rushed downstairs and called my father. The
prisoner made no reply. My father came and ran upstairs.
I went after him, and brought the child down. It was quite
dead. I ran upstairs again, after sending for Mr. Curling,
a surgeon. On entering the sitting-room I saw Mrs. For-
wood lying dead. _

Cross-examined—When I saw the prisoner following the
child ho did not ask her to send for a policeman.
This being tho evidence for the prosecution,

Mr. Snowdon, the magistrates' clerk, addressing the pri-
soner, gave him the usual formal caution as to anything he
might say, reminding him that he was not obliged to say
anything, but that whatever he said would be taken down
in writing, and might be used against him on his trial.
The prisoner, through his adviser, said he wished to ask
for a remand.

The Chairman said the prisoner must assign some reason
to justify a remand. The prosecution had no further evi-
dence.

The adviser explained the reason to be that the prisoner
might be allowed on a future day to produce certain docu-
ments and evidence.

The Chairman refused, telling the prisoner that on the
first examination he had warned him against reading a
statement he had then prepared, thinking it was very in-
judicious for him to do so. As to documents, every docu-
ment that could bear on the inquiry had been seized by
the police when the prisoner was apprehended. Any other
document would be quite unavailing there.

The Prisoner—The documents are not understood by
you, nor their character, nor the ground of my asking for
a remand. The ground is this—that I charge the guilt of
the crime charged upon me against others, and that a per-
son brought to justice is entitled te show the truths which
conscientiously convince him that the guilt with which he
is charged devolves upon others, before being committed
for trial.

The Chairman—you are now alluding to the London
charge, with which we as magistrates have nothing to do.
Prisoner—No.

The Chairman—This Bench is going to send you to be
tried by a judge of a superior court and a jury of your
country. We peremptorily refuse to remand you. You
stand committed to Sandwich Gaol, to be tried at the next
Maidstone Assizes for tho murder of your wife and your
daughter. (Addressing the prisoner's legal adviser)—The
prisoner applied to me the other day to know whether ho
should be tried in London, alluding to the offence com-
mitted there, or at Maidstone. He had no option in tho
matter. The option lies entirely with the Government, and
if they wish to try him in London for the crime he Is
alleged to have committed there, the mode in which they
would have to proceed would be under the Habeas Corpus
Act.

The prisoner's adviser remarked that he could be tried
under Palmer's Act in London, even on the Ramsgate
charge.

The Chairman said he could, adding that the Bench had
communicated with Sir George Grey on the matter, and
that was the answer they had received.
The Prisoner—l should be glad to address the Bench
again. I must act upon my own judgment.
The Chairman—you have had the benefit of a legal
adviser.

The Prisoner—Thank you. My conscience is my own
guide. I wish to address the bench.

Mr. Snowdon, the magistrates' clerk, ordered prisoner
to bo removed, and he was removed accordingly. As ho
was leaving the dock he said he should not be doing his
duty to himself or to the cause of justice if he did not pro-
test against the committal.

Sunday.

Yesterday, after the prisoner was removed from the
Court-room he was taken to one of the cells in the base-
ment of the building, and at his own request was visited
by a person who had met him some few years back. They
had nearly half an hour's conversation, Forwood explain-
ing his views very earnestly, especially as to the reasons
why he committed the crimes for -which ho then stood
committed for trial. He said that the contumely and
frowns of the world would only have been showered upon
his wife and child for his misdeeds, and he considered the
best thing he could do was to put them out of the world
first. He also said. that he had carried the revolver about
with him for several days with the whole of the chambers
loaded,and that ho was within ayard or two of Lord —,
more than once having- made up his mind to shoot him.
lie appears fully to have made up his mind for the worst,
and expressed great anxiety to bo tried in London, as his
defence will be very long on account of the documents ho
had to bring forward, showing the acts of those who had
driven him to ruin. He wants no efforts to be made on
his behalf, as he does not wish his life to be saved. His
only desire is that•he should be set right with the public.
Fie very earnestly repudiates any notion of his madness, or
that his acts have proceeded from any other cause than the
great wrong he conceives himself to have suffered.
The following telegram was sent yesterday to a person
with whom he was•formerly acquainted:—

"Do not judge. To judge at present is to misjudge. Do
not condemn."

• The following are extracts from a long document which
Forwood has prepared, and in which ho attempts to justify
his acts :

"Is the national system of social justice in Groat Britain
a recognition of the Old and Now Testament, and of those
teachings as a Divine revelation from God to man ? and
what is justice between man and his fellow man and all
mankind ?

"Does the law of Great Britain justify a private citizen
in killing another citizen either in defence of himself or in
defence of law and justice?

" If a private citizen feels himself conscientiously called
upon to perform a certain act, not knowing that act to bo
*rong in the eye of the law, does the law hold it justice to
inflict punishment for such- act, in which no wrong was
knowingly done ?
" What is the exact definition of that which in the eye of
the law makes one man an accessory before the fact ?

" I ask to see the public papers, so that I may see what
false reports go to the public, and have an opportunity of
refuting, disproving them. Why should it be allowed that
any lie should be propagated and dispersed to the public,
and Ibe denied the opportunity of answering? These
same lies will reach the jury, which is to be taken from
that public, and predispose their minds. Why am I, who,
even in the eye of the law, am yet innocent, whatever my
actions may have been, deprived of all social rights and
those supports and comforts to the mind which are so ab-
solutely necessary to the retention of power to defend
4yself.

111 want nothing for myself from this world. I defy any
pain which it is in the power of man to inflict upon me ;
but, if accused, if I am to have justice do not let it be a
mockery : do not break down a mind, destroy physical
power, and so obtain a conviction, and call it justice. The
holiest, noblest of men have been accused, have perished.
It is for the sake of the thousands which our so-called civi-
lisation, our rotten laws, will yet convert into degraded,
wretched criminals that I speak for the sake of justice and
truth.

"Lord Palmerston says public opinion is often wrong in
action. Our legislators aro as supine; personal interests
engage too much of their time to study and amend this in-
justice. Where, then, is the Minister of Justice, who
ought to be to remedy such things, whose want in our
social system is a disgrace to English judicature, a shame-
ful blot to be looked on by the people of all coming ages ?
I seek to remedy this crime.
" Can I acknowledge the acts and defend myself from the
charge of guilt, imputing the guilt to those whose criminal
neglect of their duty has brought it about ?
"Is there none who can read what must be the formation
of a mind which could under its own strong sense of right
offer up for their and the public good the lives of others for
whom he had lived faithfully and struggled through many
years of the bitterest suffering—whose love and right and
deeply-tried affection for them had been the only support
which enabled him to enduro and battle for them ?

-----
"How easy, after all, to commit crimes and to evade the
hell ! Weep for the living. One poor dear soul must suffer.
Mine is past.
"What is it to die? The worthiest have died as igno-
minious a death as I shall, and have lived honoured and
beloved in the hearts and souls of men for hundreds of
years after. If I am unjustly condemned, I shall not be
the first victim of injustice.
"A jury is supposed to be selected from a man's peers—
his equals. What constitutes this equality ? The mind is
the standard of the man, the, controller and director of his
actions. The severe trials which I have passed through
in life—the out-Of-the-way course my life has taken—have
quickened me and expanded my mind far beyond what
would or could ordinarily be experienced by any one in
the usual way following such mode of life as I have—have
driven me from much of ordinary belief."
In the other parts of the document the prisoner contrasts
his position with that of Tell, Virginius, and Abraham, and
he calls on the Government to provide the means for his de-
fence, and the press (whose power for good or evil he
strongly urges) to give all his statements entire, and repair
the injustice done him in previous reports.

TEACH YOUR. GRANDMOTHER,
&C.—A specifica-
tion has recently been filed at the Patent Office
for improvements in boiling eggs. This was shortly after-
wards followed by a patent for a machine for removing
the tops from eggs previous to eating them. We hope
next week to be able to announce that a patent has been
secured by somebody's grandmother for sucking the above
delicacies.--Mechanics' Magazine.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

THE " SATURDAY REVIEW" ON THE ATLANTIC
CABLE.—Before these lines are read all uncertainty
as to the accident which has befallen the Atlantic
cable will probably be ended by the arrival of the
Great Eastern or one of her consorts. But it
scarcely needs this final evidence to enable us to-
say that the cable is broken, and that about two-
thirds of the way across to Newfoundland the
severed end lies, with or without a buoy attached,
2,000 fathoms deep at the bottom of the ocean.
The scientific methods for determining the position
of a fault are thoroughly reliable within a small
percentage of the whole distance ; the operators
can discriminate between the signs of a total rup-
ture and a partial loss of insulation, and the tele-
graphs from Valentia leave little room to hope for
any but the worst news. It is no wonder that this
report has been received as the announcement of a
national calamity. While the Great Eastern was
staggering round on her stormy passage to Valentia
she was followed by the hopes and fears of thou-
sands who had no interest in the adventure beyond
that which every one must feel for a magnificent
effort of courage and science in what is pre-emi-
nently the cause of civilisation. The shock of the
first temporary failure added to the anxiety with
which the further progress of the Great Eastern
was watched from day to day. Each successive
telegram helped to revive the confidence of all,
until, just before the final accident, the belief that
the voyage would end in a prosperous issue became
almog universal. If 1,200 miles of the rope that
was to bind together the Old and the New Worlds
could be laid in safety at the 'bottom of the At-
lantic without a defect that the most delicate in-
struments could detect, it seemed unreasonable to
doubt that the remaining third of the work would
be completed with equal success. The course of
the adventure had been watched with the same
anxious interest with which a nation awaits the
reports of a pending battle, or the bulletins from
the sick bed of a man whom the public cannot
spare. The worst news has come at last, but the
course already taken by the Telegraph Company is
a guarantee that the enterprise will not be given
up, and that this fresh failure will serve only as a
stimulus to renewed exertion. That sooner or later
the Atlantic cable will be successfully laid is almost
a matter of certainty, and our regrets at this unex-
pected mishap need not be mingled with anything
that savours of despair. It would be a rather doubt-
ful consolation to those who have had the conduct of
the enterprise to be able to say that no default of
theirs had contributed to the disaster. If the cable
was lost from an error of judgment, or from the
neglect of any possible precaution, the misfortune
will bear good fruit in the warning which it will
supply for future guidance. If, on the other hand,
the failure resulted from what in the old legal
phraseology is styled the act of God, the complacency
of directors and engineers might be less disturbed,
but the danger of a repetition of the same disaster
would remain inevitable and unmitigated when the
next attempt was made. There is no doubt that at
nearly every stage of the undertaking all the safe-
guards which science and experience could suggest
were employed to secure a prosperous issue. Not a
yard of the cable was accepted without the most
searching examination, and not a day passed with-
out repeated tests to assure the continued soundness
of the core. The very material of which the wire
was composed was required to come up to a standard
of conductivity which had never before been ap-
proached. Scarcely anything that vigilance and
skill could do had been neglected to insure the abso-
lute perfection of the cable. The singular accident
by which the first defect was occasioned—the drop-
ping of a fragment of wire into the cable-tank--
shows, it is true, that vigilance may sometimes fail,
but at the same time it indicates a risk which, now
that it is known, is certain never to be incurred
again. But for this fault—repaired as it was almost
as soon as discovered—the cable may be said to
have been shipped in absolutely perfect condition,
or as nearly so as human care could secure. The
same anxiety to guard against every imaginable
danger was displayed in the choice of the pattern
for the rope. The core was increased in diameter
as far as was feasible under the conditions of the
' undertaking, and the rate of signalling attained was
sufficient proof of the wisdom of this departure from
the former model. The most serious danger of all,
that of rapid deterioration from the rusting and
weakening of the iron coating, was met by coverirfg
the metal strands with an impervious casing which
probably more than doubled their prospect of longe-
vity. The chance of such a mishap as that which
has probably occurred—the fracture of the cable in
the process of paying out—was counteracted by in-
creasing the strength and consequent weight of the
rope to the utmost point which the carrying capacity of
the Great Eastern allowed, while at the same time
the strain was diminished by reducing the specific
gravity so much • that a mile of the cable, though
twice as heavy in air, scarcely weighed more in
water than the same length of the former cable. A
rope which would bear eleven miles of its own
weight in water was not unreasonably thought to
be tolerably safe against accidental fracture ; and,
but for one peculiarity, the risk of this kind would
probably not have been one-tenth as great as in the
case of the cable of 1857, which, whatever its other
faults, proved at any rate strong enough to be suc-
cessfully laid across the Atlantic. The one difference
to which we have referred was worthy perhaps of
more consideration than it received. The exterior
coating of this last cable was comparatively rough
hemp, while that of the old one was smooth iron.
The increased friction against the water may have
been no disadvantage while the paying out went on
without a hitch ; but it must have enormously in-
creased the strain when the cable was subjected to
anything like a jerk, as it could not but be when-
ever it became necessary to stop the paying out in
a rough sea, or to attempt the still more difficult
task of hauling in, to recover and repair a fault. It
was in this process that the final accident will pro-
bably be found to have occurred. Every pull upon
the rope caused by the pitching of the ship or the
winding in of the cable was resisted by the friction
of two miles of rough rope in addition to the weight
of the cable itself. Nothing but the most elastic
play in the machinery could neutralise the danger
of an irregular strain, which might at any moment
reach the breaking point ; and the want of any pro-
vision .of this kind in the paying-out apparatus had
been long since pointed out as the one defect in the
arrangements for the enterprise. It was from a
sudden jerk, caused perhaps by injudicious handling
of the'breaks, that the failure of the first cable of
all arose. When the second attempt was about to
be made, a proposal to introduce an elastic break
into the machinery, so as to give a free play of 40
or 50 feet, was considered, and ultimately re-
hected; on the assumption that with proper
andling the ordinary breaks • would supersede
the necessity for any such contrivance. The suc-
cess, such as it was, of that cable was thought to
confirm this opinion ; and on the present occasion
the paying-out. ship was fitted with the same ma-
chinery that had sufficed before, and the notion of
guarding by elastic action against the chance of a
jerking strain was abandoned as a wholly uncalled
for precaution. When the full details of the acci-
dent are known, it will probably be traceable to this
unfortunate determination, and should this prove to
be the case, the cost of the late expedition (not
much more after all, it is said, than £200,000) will
not have been wholly thrown away. Each succes-
sive failure has taught its lesson, and taught it so
effectually that on this last trial all the defects
which rendered the former cable useless were com-
pletely excluded. If our judgment as to the cause
of the recent accident should prove correct, this
danger too may be stopped out with equal certainty
on the next experiment, and, costly as the lessons
of experience may be, the enormous income which
long lines of telegraph invariably earn would suffice
to pay a good percentage on •the expense of half a
score of failures.

THE 44 LONDON REVIEW " .ON CLUB TYRANNY.—
The morals of club government require to be re-
duced to something like definite form and legality.
Scandals are constantly arising, which show how
loose and vague are the relations existing between
clubs collective and their members individually. A
few months ago the Garrick Club lost some of its
most distinguished members, owing to a very ques-
tionable exhibition of temper on the part of that
body ; and since the Conservative Club has got
itself into hot-water by an act which can only be
described as one of would-be despotism, combined
with contemptible weakness. On the 13th of July,
Mr. Charles Hopkinson, one of the members of the
club, received a letter from the secretary, setting
forth that, " it having been reported to the com-
mittee " that he, Mr. Hopkinson, had given his
pledge " to vote for the three Liberal candidates for
Berkshire, Messrs. Walter, Bouverie, and Cramer,"
the secretary was instructed to inquire if such was
the fact, and to request the favour of an early
reply. The committee seem to have been very much
in the dark with regard to the whole proceeding.
In the first place, there was no such candidate as Mr.
Cramer, the third candidate being Lord Uffington;
in the second place, Mr. Hopkinson had not
formed the intention imputed to him. The latter
gentlemen, however, did not choose to deny at the
moment the allegation that he was going to vote for
the Liberals at the coming election, because to have
made such denial would have been an admission of
the committee's right to ask the question. He there-
fore took high ground, and requested that the com-
mittee would give him the name and address of the
person who had " reported" the alleged intention,
the precise words used, when and where they were
used, the words in which the resolution stood on the
minute-book of the committee when the secretary
wrote on the subject, where and when the minute

instructing him to write was made, where and when
it was confirmed, and " the names of the members
of the committee who voted the resolution embodied
in the minute." To this the secretary replied that
the letter thus addressed by Mr. Hopkinson to the
committee should be laid before that body at their
next meeting on Thursday, the 20th of July (the
letter was dated on the 14th). It was on the 20th
that the election for Berkshire took place ; so that,
as Mr. Hopkinsion remarked in a subsequent letter
of the 17th, he was to be kept under the influence
of a species of intimidation until after the election
was over, since any further resolution to which the
committee might come could not be communicated
to him until the evening of the 20th at the very
earliest, or more probably, the morning of the 21st.
" You have, then," continues Mr. Hopkinson, ad-
dressing the committee, " assumed powers, and held
yourselves out to me as possessing powers, which
you knew you did not possess, in causing to be
written to me an inquisitorial letter on the subject
of the exercise of suffrage for Berkshire, founded on
an anonymous malignant falsehood, the author of
which you knew, but dared not avow. In directing
this letter to be written, you have been guilty of a
flagrant abuse of your office of committee-men, and
of a serious offence against me and all the members
of the Coilser Dative Club." Furthermore, Mr.
Hopkinson stated that, up to the 13th of July,
on the evening of which day he received the
first letter of the secretary, he was uncertain whe-
ther he should vote at the Berkshire election at
at all, or, if he did so, in what direction he should
vote ; but that the attempt which had been made to
intimidate him left him no alternative but to vote
for one or more of the three Liberal candidates,
thus vindicating his electoral independence, and
challenging the committee to establish the powers
which they claimed to possess. The response to this
bugle-note of defiance is sufficiently meek. The
committee " express their pleasure" at the denial of
the original report, and hope that that report has
not been the means of inducing Mr. Hopkinson to
vote for the Liberal candidates. The hope, how-
ever, came too late. Two days after the deed was
done—viz., on the 22d of July—Mr. Hopkinson
again wrote to the committee, and thus vigorously
took them to task for their ineffectual attempt at
tyranny:—" Rebuked, discredited, humiliated, you
have not the manliness, or good sense, to offer one
word of regret, of apology, or of reparation. Having
used a falsehood for your own purpose (and in this
case the immediate purpose was electoral intimida-
tion), you have indorsed it, made it your own, and
incurred all the liabilities of it. I require of you—
a public acknowledgment of the falsity of the ' re-
port '—a public apology to myself and the members
of the Conservative Club—a public disclaimer of
the power of electoral intimidation. I shall be
obliged by your informing me at your early conve-
nience whether you will comply with these reason-
able and moderate demands." We can well under-
stand that the poor committee must have thought
the demands anything but " reasonable and mode-
rate," as they involved the swallowing of some bitter
words, and the performance of a public act of hu-
miliation. Mr. Hopkinson was, perhaps, a little
cruel in that last remark. The schoolmaster, after
administering a severe flogging to an offending
pupil, might as well require him to admit that the
punishment has been mild in its nature and just in
its object. The secretary of the Conservative Club,
however, merely acknowledges the receipt of Mr.
Hopkinson's letter, and informs the writer that it
shall be laid before the general committee at their
next meeting. 'What the general committee will
do in the matter we do not know ; but, if they ac-
cept Mr. Hopkinson's reproaches meekly or in
silence, their credit for the possession of spirit and
self-respect will not stand very high with the out-
side public.

"LONDON SOCIETY" ON FIVE O'CLOCK TEAS.—
There are indeed some men who are said to object
to five o'clock teas, as robbing them of just that
portion of the day which was erst particularly their
own ; in which they either attended to their " busi-
ness" (vague and unintelligible word), or rode, or
played racquets, or what not. With such I cannot
sympathize ; and the more moderate of men, who
are neither intensely commercial nor rabidly muscu-
lar (or what not), find in the afternoon hour of
ladies' society a peculiar charm, characterized as it
is by far less restraint and ceremony, and far more
familiarity than the evening ever knows (not to
mention the increased facility for tete-a-tetes in con-
servatories and balconies), and gain from it an an-
tidote to the dulness of the morning which is so in-
evitable a result of last night's four o'clock cotillon,
and a gentle stimulant enabling them to work up to
the point of brilliancy for the conversation of the
evening's dinner. And so I protest that I am de-
lighted with tea, and not only on general principles,
but also for my own special reasons. In the first
place, it dispenses me from a great deal of journey-
ing about to produce the illusion that I have per-
sonally " been and appeared" by delivering two
pieces of representative pasteboard to a footman
who probably loses them before his mistress comes
home. This is one of society's duties which I have
always held in abhorrence, as being a shade more
foolish than any emanation from the brain of the
wildest Bedlamite. It is intelligible to leave a card
upon new acquaintances, because it teaches them
one's address and how to spell one's name, which
they would never learn from a footman's announc-
ing. But it seems to me to be the height of human
extravagance to suppose that my friends who know
both my name and address should be gratified by
not seeing me, but by inspecting the result of Mr.
Ortner's skill in line-engraving on a card. And so
as tea takes the place of pasteboard I honour it.
Then, too, it enables me to wear my lavender kid
gloves a second, or even (with care) a third time ;
and besides that, the most regular attendants among
the ladies at Lady Mena Maltyre's Thursdays,
whose afternoons I most affect, are, as I notice,
those whose complexions look as well in the
cold daylight as in the warm flood of brilliancy
shed by wax tapers. Indeed the only members of
the sex who have a second opinion on the subject are
those who labour under an imputation (unjust
of course) of importing into their charms either as
to their cheeks a loan from the rose, or as to their
eyes " a touch of the hair-pin," and who, if they are
to show at all in the day, prefer to do it in a barouche
in the Park under the cover of a distance, a spotted
veil and a pink parasol. Then what can be more de-
licious than the making of the tea ? Miss Maud
Maltyre and I have been practising it ever since the
" Thursdays" began, and though we have studied
hard, we have not yet quite learnt how many spoon-
fuls are necessary, or the exact quantity of green
required to make a perfect mixture. Many consul-
tations we hold too over cream and sugar, and who
takes either or both, and I live in the hope of im-
proving under her tuition. What a delicious soft-
stealing charm I find, too, in the music which is
always so good (for Lady Mena is a great musician
herself), and which we sit and listen to in a quiet
corner and admire so much, and always manage to
applaud at the wrong time I do not know much
about music myself, but somehow I love to sit and
listen :to it by the side of Miss Mena's tea-table.
Yes, those Thursdays are very charming, and would
be more so, if it were not for that great clanking
plunger Adolphus Bridoon, who hangs about like a
heavy, stupid giant as he is, and will talk to Maud.
His regiment is quartered in Ireland, where, if the
military affairs of the country were properly attended
to, he ought to be made to remain. I wish I were
his colonel, wouldn't I refuse him leave ! Perhaps
the suburban tea is the nicest form of the thing
altogether, and it furnishes a sufficient reason for
the original invention of Richmond and Hampton-
court. Croquet there takes the place of music, not
without occasional advantages either, for there is
such an esprit de corps in each of the opposing sides,
such a delightful clinging together of "friends,"
such intense, uncompromising hatred of " enemies,"
such consultations, and such glimpses of tiny feet,
and withal, such immense fun in cheating, that the
London afternoon, with so much more people and
music crowded into small rooms than they were
ever intended to hold, pales before it. Miss Maud
always looks lovely, playing at croquet, even if she
plays it badly—and we do both of us somehow
manage to get croqueted a long way off from the
game, and generally in the same direction—but to
my eyes she, does not look nearly so lovely playing
the piano, even if she plays it well, which she does,
for she gets surrounded by a pertinacious crowd of
admirers, who engross all her attention, and whose
one idea of pleasing her is to make her play a second
time, which leaves me raging on a remote sofa.
ABD-EL-KADER IS THUS DESCRIBED BY
rese A Cnce ORRE-f
SPONDENT OF " THE READER :"—The p
Abd-el-Kader in London recalls to me his passage
through the south of France. I believe that it will
not be without interest to your readers to know the
details. One morning—it was in 1848—I was_ on
my way to Spain; and in passing through Bor-
denaouwxs
thatl
chancednomore
meet to eet A
dreamtb d -
oe lf - ande et
meeting
g He a e
k
Abd-el-
Kader than the Grand Turk himself ! I was going
out of my hotel when I saw a great number of
people standing before a house watching it atten-
tively. The Emir had arrived but five minutes be-
fore. Some Arab heads presented themselves from
time to time at the windows ; one especially, a
negress, who nad thrown back the curtains of a
window on the first floor that she might the better
see the crowd below, drew their attention, who, on
catching sight of her, began to cheerand_hipsis.oaltteemr-.
alter-
nately. She was Abd-el-Kader's wife
Bordeaux, the city of the South, where they manu-
facture enthusiasm the most, hastened to do homage
to Abd-el-Kader with a fervour not to be surpassed.
The windows of the houses which looked upon the
hotel ceased not to display beautiful pictufes of the
most beautiful faces that a man could ever wish to
see. The exhibition lasted three days. I say no-

thing of those who crowded the streets, in carriage
or on foot. Many of the fair sex had given much
for their places—many would have given more to
be allowed to kiss the naked feet of the Emir, which
are, they say, of great beauty. I saw Abd-el-Fader.
In London, probably, I should not have regarded
him any more than if he had been Mr. Tupper:
perhaps not so much. But here I had nothing bet-
ter to do. The Emir is short of stature and slightly
built, with a white face of a pleasing expression,
and has the appearance of having been delicately
reared, rather than brought up in the cavernous re-
treat of Arabia. He inclines his head a little, and his
eyes, which are of a bluish grey, have a pleasant
smiling aspect. I admired his teeth especially,
which were of a whiteness and transparency sufficient
to drive a nun of twenty-eight to despair. Only one
pearl makes a spot, as it were on this marvellous
string : it is the tooth of Mahomet, perfectly yellow,
but a golden yellow, and which they say with reve-
rence is his, because Abd-el-Kader is the only one
since the Prophet with whom this significant phe-
nomenon has been produced. The Emir lives with
his mother and his wives, who are 40 in number.
As to his father, lie has been dead now a long while.
The next day I saw Abd-el-Kader again—it was at
the " Grand Theatre," where they played two acts
of the " Muette de Portici," and a Spanish ballet.
All Bordeaux had secured places. Such a tumult I
such an excitement ! such a crushing of toilettes !
It recalled to my mind the most brilliant of Covent
Garden evenings. The first act was gone through
without the least attention from the audience. All
eyes were turned towards the Mayor's box, which
had been reserved for the Emir ; and, as it was
facing the stage, everybody listened to the opera
with the back towards it. The interlude passed in
the same manner, with unanimous disappointment.
However, as the curtain was about to rise an at-
torney entered the box, which had remained empty
up to that moment, and seated himself in the corner
at the right, in an arm-chair of red velvet. The
public, being in a laughing mood, received him with
a volley of ironical bravo. The attorney, who was
the Mayor's assistant, bit his lips, assumed an air of
disdain, and appeared absorbed in hearing Auber's
masterpiece. A little while after the Emir entered.
He saluted the audience with his little hand, and
smiled with somewhat of an air of sadness. This
was the first time he had ever been in a theatre ;
however, he appeared neither too dazzled nor too
much astonished. Quite the contrary the Arab
who accompanied him, who bore on his burnt
physiognomy the ingenuous expression of his ad-
miration, and even laughed at the lustre which
hung-over him. Abd-el-Kader seated himself in
the fore part of the box, at the side of the attorney,
who forth with began to do the agreeable, and look
at the audience with an air of triurph. This at-
torney wore a coat of black cloth, which glistened
in the rays of the lustre, and gloves of such a rich
depth of the same colour, that I unconsciously
began to dream of mortgages and bequests. I was
indeed distressed as I viewed and thought over the
picture before my eyes.—Abd-el-Kader and an At-
torney at the I. /ay.

COUNTRY MARKETS.

NOTTINGHAM-SATURDAY.

The weather has been more favourable for harvest work
during the past week, and wheat promises to be about an
average. Barley abundant. At our corn exchange to-day
the show of wheat was limited, and firm at 2s to 8s per qr.
advance. Little barley showing, and prices same as last
week. Oats scanty, and demand ruled healthy at fully late
prices. Beans commanded the full rates of last week.
Old white wheat, 44s to 50s ; old red, 42s to 48s ; new
white, 45s to 52s ; new red,, 41s to 48s per 36 stone. Bar-
ley, new malting, 27s to 355 per qr ; old grinding, 26s to
28s ; new, —s to —s per 30 stone. Oats, old, 25s to 30s ;
new, 21s to 25s ; old foreign, 22s to 26s per stone. Beans,
old, 42s to 45s ; new, 40s to 43s per 88 stone.