The Sun.
London, England, 1862-01-31 00:00:00

ing United States citizens, and, as usual, with the
want of political freedom there was a want of com-
mercial enterprise. All that has new, however,
completely passed away. An Englishman is freer
in Canada and the rest of the North American
British States than he would be in the
United States ; he has the privilege of not being
muzzled and gagged by despotic majorities. He
can be in a minority, and find himself only the
more respected for his firmness in having and
uttering an opinion of his own. He finds himself
also under a Government where lynch law is
unknown, where not passion or caprice, but law, is
supreme. There can be, we imagine, no question
now of the vastly superior political condition of
every citizen of Canada to that of his New York
neighbour just across the line.
With greater liberty the spirit of enterprise
seems to have been awakened. A long and noble
railroad connects the St. Lawrence and the har-
bour of Portland with the remotest West to which
civilisation has yet extended. The dwellers on
Lakes Erie and Michigan itself are no longer cut
off from rapid communication with the Old World,
while a sea-going vessel can leave the Lakes
themselves for Liverpool. Canada is now
the country in which the emigrant's improvements
are sure to increase in value every year, and to
enjoy the protection of a strong Government. The
other colonies also appear to be takiiig a start and
increasing their trade—Nova Scotia is even to
have the attraction of respectable gold fields—
while the New Brunswick timber trade, and the
Newfoundland fisheries, will have their at-
tractions for different classes. There is, in-
deed, hardly any class of industrious emi-
grant who may not find a field open for him in
the free extensions of his native empire in Northern
America.

If an association of the kind projected acts vigo-
rously under present circumstances, it may do much
indeed for British North America. Information
brought home to the emigrant class is the most im-
portant object, nor will its action on the Govern-
ment, if well backed up in the colony, be much
less important. May it succeed in directing
thither the stream which ought to have
flowed thither long ago. Indeed, emigration to
Canada has doubled already since the American
war. We hope it will soon become the chief
stream. As relatives follow those who have pre-
ceded them, the grand thing wanted is some-
thing to give Canada the start. American war,
to be followed by vast taxation, is just what was
wanted ; and the Association will have but
promptly to make use' of the opening already
provided for them.

The Prince and Princess Leiningen arrived at Os-
borne yesterday. Tho Princess Hohenlohe remains on a
visit to her Majesty.

BERLIN, Jan. 28.--At the palace of the Crown
Prince yesterday the birthday of the young Prince Frede-
rick William Victoria Albert (born Jan. 27, 1559) was
duly honoured. The King and Queen paid a visit to their
grandchild, and Lord and Lady A. Loftus presented their
congratulations in the name of Queen Victoria.
His Majesty the King of the Belgians visited
his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge at Gloucester
House yesterday.
His Excellency the French Ambassador and the
Countess de Flahault returned to Coventry House yester-
day evening from Broadlands.
His Excellency M. Tricoupi and family arrived
at the Pavilion Hotel, Folkestone, on Wednesday.

The Duke of Wellington returned to Apsley
House yesterday from Strathfieldsaye.

The Earl and Countess Stanhope come to town
on Monday next from Chevening Park, Kent, for the

season.

The Earl of Brownlow and Lady Marian Alford
are passing the season at the Isle of Wight. His lordship
is recovering from his reuent indisposition.

Lord and Lady 0 verstene have arrived at their
residence in Carlton-gardens from Overstone Park.

Lord and Lady Harry Vane are expected in town
early next week from their seat in Sussex.

Sir Harry and Lady Verney have arrived at their
residence in South• street for the season.

Sir F. Graham and Lady Moon have arrived in
Portman-square from Brighton.

Sir Willoughby and Lady Jones and Miss Jones
have arrived at Thomas's Hotel, Berkeley-square, from
Cranmer Hall.

Sir John Pakington, Bart., M.P., has been ap-
pointed president of the Birmingham and Midland Insti-
tute. The right hon. baronet is, we (Worcestershire
Chroniele).are glad to say, quite recovered from the effects
of his late accident.

The Pope refuses to preconise the Abbe Momique,
just appointed Bishop of Martinique by Napoleon 111., and
will not condescend to give any reasons.
It' will be satisfactory to the commercial public
to hear that all the telegrams forwarded to Alexandria to
catch the mails for India, China, Australia, &c., between
the dates of the 18th and 25th, arrived in time. Telegrams
generally continue to come from Alexandria with greater
regularity and despatch.
The amount of Australian gold known to be now

at sea is £407,000. The Indemnity with £50,000, and the
Monarch with £170,000, havo each been out 77 days ; and
the Clutha, with £91,000, and the Lightning, with £96,000,
72 and 68 days respectively.
HARTLEY COLLIERY CATASTROPHE.—The COM-
mitteo for managing the Liverpool subscription for the sur-
vivors and relatives of those who suffered by this frightful
calamity, through his worship the Mayor (Mr. Robert
Hutchison), yesterday transmitted the sum of £1,500, the

, .
first instalment of tho subscription, to the local committee.
HARTLEY COLLIERY RELIEF FUND.—During
the whole of yesterday, as on the three previous days, the

contributions in aid of the fund for the relief of the sufferers
by the accident at the Hartley Colliery continued to pour
in, and the amount received during the day, including £204
from Messrs. Roberts, Lubbock, and Co., was £1,197 7s 4d,
making a total of £4,267 in four days. The subscriptions
were so numerous that it is utterly impossible to give them
in detail. It is, however, understood that they will be ad-
vertised.

The dreadful catastrophe at Hartley Colliery has
excited scarcely less sympathy in Paris than in England.
We (Galignani) have received applications inquiring how

contributions can be transmitted for the relief of the fam

lies left unprovided for by the victims. Any sums that
may be sent to us we shall take care to forward to the

proper quarter, and we have also to state that subscriptions
for the same benevolent purpose have been opened at the
banking-houses of Messrs. E. Blount and MM. Charles
Laffitte.

COAL MINE CATASTROPHES ABROAD.—A fearful
event took place on the morning of the 24th inst. at Leoben,
in Styria, when, from some unexplained cause, the wood-
work supports of a coal-wine caught fire, and of 100 men at
work 24 were suffocated by the smoke and gas before they
could make their escape. Fifteen bodies were brought up,
but the others could not be reached by the exploring parties.
The fire did not extend to the coal in the mine. A second
casualty is reported from Brux, in Bohemia, near which
town a coal mine was in flames on the 20th inst., and a fear-
ful body of flame was roaring up the shaft and far above it,
so that at night the spectacle was truly terrific, and could
bo seen at a long distance. On the 22d flames broke through
the earth around the mine in many places.
EXTRAORDINARY SHOOTING.—Two sweepstakes
came off at the butts of the Bristol Rifle Volunteers on
Tuesday. There were ten competitors in the first, and nine
in the second. The ranges in the first sweepstakes were
200, 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700 yards each. The highest
number of points made was 43, and the lowest 29 ; the
total number of points was 345, or an average of 34.50. In
the second sweepstakes the ranges were 150, 200, 250, and
300 yards, five shots each. The highest score was 35, and
the lowest 29 ; total number of points, 287 ; average, 31.88,
or within one point of 32.00.
THE RIVAL AMERICAN WAR VESSELS AT SOUTH-
AMTON.—SOUTHAMPTON, JAN. 30.—There is now little
doubt that the Government has put some limit to the stay
of the Tuscarora and the Nashville in this port. It is not
thought likely that the Tuscarora will return to Southamp-
ton 'Water. All expenses incurred by her have been de-
frayed, and the Nashville will doubtless soon leave the
port. The Tuscarora is saw in the Yarmouth-roads, not
far from the Needles. It is probable that she will be
allowed to remain filer° to watch the Nashville. This will
give the latter a chance for her life, as it were, because she
can get out through Spithead, and may possibly escape in
the Chvonel during a dark night. The Tuscarora may,
however, run out through the Needles in an hour and cut
'der off. When the Nashville gets outside neutral ground
at the east end of the Isle of Wight, she has sea-room of
about 30 miles long and upwards of 100 miles broad, in
which she can try to avoid her formidable antagonist. Both
ships have friends in Southampton who can give intelli-
gence of the movements of the ships to their cemmanders,
for there is a telegraph station at llurst, close by where the
Tuscarora is lying.