The Sun.
London, England, 1862-11-05 00:00:00

exciting than the military news. The North is
in the midst of a severe contest between the Re-
publicans, contending for the position they had
gained through Democratic divisions, and the De-
mocrats, now uniting again under the pressure of
political adversity. Of course, it must be an incon-
venience to Mr. LINCOLN to have the party who
opposed his election predominant in Congress. They
cannot eject him from office before the termination
of his four years; they cannot even displace his
Ministry, for the American Cabinet is not respon-
sible to Congress. But they can refuse any legis-
lation he may deem desirable. If a majority, they
could probably hinder his proclamation of Emanci-
pation on the Ist January from taking effect, since
its language seems to imply that he looks to Congress
to give him power to carry it into effect. If confi-
dent, however, of the military necessity of emanci-
pation, as he represents it through Mr. SEWARD to
be a purely military measure, he could carry it out
in virtue of his office as " Commander-in- Chief of
the United States Army." Still it would be a great
obstruction to the PRESIDENT to have to carry on
his plans in the face of a hostile majority in Con-
gress. We do not anticipate so great a change,
however, as this, but by this time the democratical
minority will have gained a large accession of
strength. In a letter received by this mail
from a gentleman, in 'whose fidelity to facts
we have great confidence, we are informed that
" elections have just been held in several States,
and the Democrats have gained largely. This
arises from the fact that in many places the Repub-
licans have abandoned their own candidates to show
their approval of Democrats who have taken a true
stand in relation to the war. The Democrats chosen
are all DOUGLAS men, and are pledged to a vigorous
prosecution of the war. However, we cannot dis-
guise the fact that the results are unfavourable to
the anti-slavery side. The Republicans have lost
several members of Congress, and at the same time
have defeated some of their worst enemies, VALLAN-
DIGHAM of Ohio among the number. Elections in
other States will soon come off, and some of the
strongest men in the land are in nomination. In
New Jersey the famous Dr. 0. A. BROWNSON, the
editor of the Review which bears his name, has been
put up. In New York Mr. BANCROFT, the his-
torian, is in nomination. As near as can be ascer-
tained now the Democrats gain two Congressmen
in Pennsylvania, six in Ohio, and two in Indiana.
In Pennsylvania the Republicans have probably
elected their State ticket, while the Democrats have
succeeded in Ohio and Indiana by heavy majorities.
In neither of these States was the chief magistrates
voted for, the election being for minor executive
officers. The vote turned in many cases on local
matters."

Ohio has always been a stronghold of Democracy. .
Pennsylvania, except when a tariff is at stake, could
never be relied on to vote for the North or liberty.
It is a border State, and the Quakers have long lost
their ascendancy there. It takes very mild views
of slavery. It looks chiefly to the profit of Southern
trade as it was; it returned BUCHANAN, under
whose Presidency the present rebellion was hatched,
and Indiana is alsJ influenced by its proximity to
Kentucky. The Derby of the Northern elections
appears, however, to be one yet to come off, that 1
for the Governorship of the State of New York.
Brooklyn, where the New York navy yard is situ-
ated, must be the very Hyde Park of the excite-
ment. We read first of large meetings held
there to endorse the PRESIDENT'S proclamation,
and' denouncing the union as it was." The next
morning's telegrams tell of a Democratic meeting
held. in the same place pledging the Democrats to
" restore the Union as it was," to maintain the
Constitution as it is, and denouncing arbitrary
arrests and interference with the freedom of the
press. The Proclamation of Emancipation is de-
clared to be " unwise in policy, and bad in prin.
ciple, securing an united South but making a dis-
united North." ,

This view of the Proclamation is undoubtedly too
true. Mr. LINCOLN hears no news in this declara-
tion. He knew that not only all the Democrats
would be against it, all of them being pledged to
the South and slavery, but that a great many of
his own Republican supporters, in their intense
aversion to negroes, would share the Democratic
feeling. All the Irish, who are the advocates of
slavery at Rome, in America, and everywhere ex-
cept in Ireland, would all be irritated by it ; they
dread, moreover, the competition of the negroes in
labour, although, with absurd inconsistency, one
great argument against emancipation is that the
negro, if free, will not work! But the great majo-
rity of the Republican party—Mr. HORACE GREELY
being their chief leader—have come to the full be-
lief that the alternative with the North now is,
emancipation, or submission to the South. They
are, doubtless, right. The only pity is that
they did not see this when Fort
Sumter fell. Mr. LINCOLN, scrupulous in
observing his constitutional oath, even towards
rebel States, began the war on the principle of
sparing the " domestic institution" of the South.
He never wished, as he told the country in his
inaugural address, to interfere with slavery where
it was already established. His party held the
same view. And, even now, they would gladly
save slavery, if they could spare it and conquer.
see to be impossible. Hence Mr.
n
T hiThis
LINCOLN'Sthe now
only alternative was to issue the procla-
mation, or to affront his own party. It is a partial
failure. It cannot satisfy the Abolitionists ; and
they denounce, reasonably enough, his making
slavery a reward in loyal States, and emancipation
a punishment for disloyal ones. As the result of
the whole, Mr. LINCOLN may find himself much
crippled in his plans when Congress re-assembles.
His own party embarrasses him as much as his
opponents; they are even now planning for the
•
Governors of the States to meet again and demand
the dismissal of M'CLELLAN. How can the North
wonder amid all this at the coldness of European
such a false
sympathy. tlf it will offer to the world
issue as the South fanatically
fighting for slavery,
and the North, at best, divided about fighting
against it—How can the latter abuse " Anti-
Slavery England" for giving its moral influence to
neither. To neither, certainly, can it give its
moral approbation.

An adventurous young lady, an Englishwoman,
by name Miss ELIZABETE GARRETT, the daughter
it appears of a gentleman in independent circum-
stances, has but very recently been endeavouring,
at the University of St. Andrews, to realise upon a
small scale, that is in her own individual instance,
the graceful day-dream dreamt a very few years
since by Mr. TENNYSON, and charmingly related
by hira in his Poetic Medley of " The Princess."
If Miss GARRETT has succeeded to no other extent
itnheth'elextmeniltttoerf oellpeenhinans
wph rOOO le e
erondoulatedly succeeded to
Female Edu gup thecation, e question
ainas a t sotf.
y resulted in the accom-
Andrews have
effectuall recent
plishment of that one
all important preliminary to
every conceivable reform
or improvement—
symbolised under the phrase of the insertion of the
small end of the wedge. The Problem, so often
an 5' shirked, or
•
before now dexterously evadedoue I -
rudely given the go-by—must now be taken as
giriouslY as 1124 Y bQ into consideration, viitb, %