The Sun.
London, England, 1862-09-12 00:00:00

EAVS PAPER
(2.
4-,,,,- ;-,., fce4i f.z.\,-,
monarchy—so that those who wer 4imapot-i4,4t.,",:-,.-:-
Ice
the Church might ply these rates if Wei il4----4.41u44fr. I.::
~...
•\ ~ Ariz, Aal
posed. He was a Churchman, bees ktime„. 4, •°
I=3"-Z
the Church of England to be consistiri- ,
.L:.-.1-‘g•
Word of God ; but the State did not neNsarifila S
look on every Briton as a member of the Established
Church. Such a suggestion was the only true solu-
tion of a difficult question. Non exemption to these
who objected to pay, the rates was tyranny to the
Nonconformists, while the principle proposed by
Sir I. Trelawny was tyranny to the Church and to
the constitution.._ (Hear, hear.) He advocated the
encouragement of education, and economy in the
nat'anal expenditure: stated that he organised the
society for carrying out the repeal of the hop duty ;
and, while observing that the French commercial
treaty had Prodtieed. beneficial effects, he said he
considered that it might have been carried out with
a better
feeling as regarded the dignity of England.
Exhi-
bition at South
11. e then alluded to his connection with the Exhi-
ao art tsat liensington, and his efforts to foster
noidc
ed.: vpeolno_ple,rtehnet products‘vas
so ffaomr wouhsi.el; khse borough
of
liamentary Reform, no member could go to the
House of Commons next session more disposed to
consider that great question than himself. He
had refused to state distinctly the extent to which
he was in favour of reducing the franchise until
the question came forward for consideration by those
who had the courage to say they would not give
their pledge, and wished to be trusted, After briefly
referring to the Reform Bills introduced of late
years, he said he would go so far as to say that ho
was in
w"efarsiatcoydend upon the acciden-
" franchise, so as not to
allow
t h favoureelee tof the
ep
iv ep o
tal rental of houses. He alluded to the ballot ques•
tion, observing that the experience of France and
America proved that the ballot was a mockery, a
delusion, and a snare. (Loud chem.) It had
been proved in those two countries that the ballot
did not check, but that it increased intimidation ;
that it did not conceal the vote of any man whose
vote was worth knowing, and that it gave a man
whose vote might be misrepresented no means of
knowing the truth. (Hear, hear.) It was essentially
what might be termed unmanly and unEnglish.
(Loud cheers.) Therefore he opposed the ballot.
(Hear, hear.) Mr. Hope, after making a few other
observations, concluded an address which occupied
nearly two hours in delivery, amid loud applause.

7HE IWMAN COIVQUE,sT OF BRITAIN—

lIIPORTANI DISCOVERIES.

Consecutive explorations of an unusual character
have been made during the summer of the last and
present years in the Cheviot district. On these
lofty hills, sealed for so many months of the year
with snow, yet clad in summer with ferns and
mosses and short-set grass, with here and there a
purple foxglove, a mountain pink, or a scarlet-
leaved bilberry, a veritable tract of ancient Britain
has been laid bare ; a walled town, several fortlets,
scattered hut circles and tumuli have been disen-
cumbered of the earth that has been accumulating
over them for nearly 2,000 years ; and many inte-
resting facts have been thus disclosed respecting the
Celtic tribes whom Cxsar found in possession of the
land. It would appear that the Cheviot hills were
well populated in those most remote times. Huge
circles of masonry overgrown with herbage are
seen on most of them, sometimes on the slopes, some-
times on the summits, and within many of these are
smaller circles of turf •covered stones marking sites
of huts. In all these ramparts and dwellings blocks
of the porphyry of the district have been used as
the sole building material. On the southern slope
of a hill, locally distinguished as Greenlaw, great
masses of ruin promised a rich reward to the spade
of the excavator. Here three walled enclosures, con-
nected with one another by a roadway, have been
brought to light. Within these enclosures traces of
as many as 70 stone huts can be counted. Most
of the entrances into these face the east, and
the floors of those that have been dug into are
found to have been rudely flagged with flattish
porphyry stones. The largest of the enclosures
has been strengthened with two ramparts ;
against the inner of these walls is a hut which
has a flue—the earliest evidence of the use of chitn-
neys we possess. A sunken fireplace was found to
be formed about 18 inches below the flagging, from
which a funnel conducted the smoke through the
thickness of the rampart. Charred wood was
found in the conduit. In several of the huts charred
wood was found in the floors, as well as broken
pottery; in one a glass bead, in another a stone
seat, in others a fragment of a glass armlet, part of
the horn of the red deer, and three bottom stones
of hand-mills. The Celtic remains on Broughlow,
Chesters, and Ingram-hill have also been examined.
The most recent diggings have been made on Yea-
vering Bell. On the summit of the Bell, 1,500 feet
above the
inhelceivoig
level of the sea, there is a rampart of
12 acres, and within this, again,
is a sunken chamber in which sacrifices are sup-
posed to have been offered. Tho chamber was
cleared of earth, leaving its masonry well defined ;
but no arrangements of a sacrificial character could
be traced. On the slopes of the hill are several
fortlets, or ramparts, surrounding hut circles,
which have also been opened out. In one a small
guard chamber was found at the entrance recessed
into the thickness of the wall of the rampart. Flint
arrow heads, broken pottery, querns, fragments or
glass and oak were found in the soil in different
places. The discovery also of pieces of iron slag
furnishes a new view of Celtic life, as a general im-
pression prevailed among antiquarians that the
ancient Britons were unacquainted with the art of
smelting.

711 E D K
CONDEONED PRISONERS AT
IaRALE.

to last evening has been received
[
think
there was
nasn
ad
ethhaeneoeffincfianlns
eabteitnhge
sent.gaol
r d arethey naturally
sseni convinced
nnn none
waibl
lobu
et
saßd for
ei Burke
tcli‘ir rtek, not
Pea respiteoi at Burkeenth eaWard
thoughduap
judge held out so little hopes of mercy
in posing the sentence of death upon them. They
are most penitent, and their demeanour is every-
thing which their spiritual advisers could desire.
Taylor, the Manchester murderer, is still as re-
served as he was a few days after his trial; and the
chaplain of the gaol, the Rev. Mr. Appleton, can-
not, up to the present time, give a very favourable
report of him. Finding that his attempts to for-
ward a petition to the authorities in London were
unsuccessful, he became indifferent to his condition,
and has since paid little attention to anybody about
him. The high sheriff of the county visited the
prisoners on Tuesday, but nothing remarkable took
place at the interview. On Wednesday a pistol,
which it was supposed was used by Burke or Ward
in shooting at the policeman, was found by James
Whidham, a platelayer on the Manchester and
Yorkshire Railway, about 50 yards from where a
pistol was found after the marder, and where the
murderers passed in running away. The pistol
Was in one of the " grips" belonging to the rail-
way company, and when found was wrapped round
on each side the lock with a wax band. The pis-
tol was not loaded, and the hammer was down on
an exploded cap. Very little sympathy is mani-
fested either for Burke or Ward in Ashton-undcr-
expressing themselves more will-
LinYgnteci theo sign eonpappelteition for the men to be hanged than
spared.

TUE MISSING STEAMER FACIFIC.—The Quebec
Morning Chronicle of August 30, publishes a document,
purported to have been written on board the Collins steamer
Pacific, and dated April 12, 1856, lat. 48 deg. 22 min N. ;
long. 35 deg. 42 min. W. The note states that the vessel
was sinking with all on board, having sprung a leak in a
severe gale on April 9, and is signed "R. Johnston." The
Chronicle remarks that it is of course impossible to pro-
nounce with any degree of certainty as to whether the letter
is genuine. The paper--a sheet of small-sized note—on
which it is written bears traces of water, and the writing is
considerably blurred. A portion of the ink appears quite
fresh and distinct. This, however, would be easily ac-
counted for by its having been placed is an air-tight vessel.
The writing, although irregular and having the appearance
of having been written under intense nervous excitement,
is nevertheless the writing of a person of education. The
name of "R. Johnston" does not appear among the list 0€
.uoennestmly.metictuicer the pas_
passengers or crew. This circumstance, however, is not
sufficient to condemn the
it is well known that omoiessof::anfr:
sen ger lists of oce-ansteamers_aar w.lareh claitly come
doeburuleaentirtasteare:a; inasmuch-
as
of the roll
ot of light wheno
board
becomes e t 0