The Sun.
London, England, 1862-06-07 00:00:00

-

PRICE .4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

—Season tickets, 6,599; on payment, 21,044; total,
27,643.

Amongst those present were—Prince Arthur,
Prince Leopold, Princess Helene, Princess Louisa,
Lady C. Barrington, Miss Bauer, Colonel de nous,
Colonel Kingscote, the ex-Queen of France, the
Japanese Ambassadors, &c.—Daily News.

71IIIE LANCASHIRE AND CHESIHRE
OPERATIVES RELIEF FUND.

The committee of the above fund met at the
Mahsion House yesterday morning. Mr. F. Lycett
took the chair, and the following gentlemen were
likewise present :—Messrs. C. Barber, W. Morley,
I. Armitage. and S. Dilberoglue.
Mr. GIBBS, the acting secretary, submitted the
financial sheet, showing that the total amount re-
ceived up to Thursday evening was £5,502, of
which amount the sum of £3,650 t ad been already
forwarded to different towns. Letters were read
from the rectors and incumbents of different dis-
tricts applying for aid, from which it appeared that
the distress in all the operative districts round Man-
chester, &c., is very great. The incumbent of
Blackley, in asking for assistance for that town,
said that not only were the indolent and improvi-
dent in want, but families who had hitherto been
well to do were now starving. He mentioned one
family in particular which he had visited. There
were five children, and the parents, who had -for-
merly been in tolerably good circumstances, were
completely destitute, everything having been dis-
posed of even to the bed and bedding. One of the
little children was lying dead, and the parents had
no means whatever of burying it. Last week one
man driven by want hung himself within a few
yards of the writer's own door, and he himself had
taken one poor girl into the rectory to save her
from perishing. The applications having been
considered by the committee, it was finally resolved
that the following sums should be sent forthwith :

—To Tintwistle, £5O; Middleton, £100; Failsworth,
£lOO ; St. Philip's Parish, Manchester, £5O ; Tonge,
£5O; Blackley, £100; St. Catherine's, Newtown,
£5O. The committee, also taking into consideration
the increasing and continuing distress in certain
towns, to which sums of money had already been
forwarded, and the additional fact that next week
being Whitsun-week, the usual three days' holiday
will, in consequence of the stoppages of the mills, be
extended to the whole week, resolved that the fol-
lowing additional sums should be forwarded :—To
Stockport, £150; Blackburn, £100; Wigan,
£100; Staleybridge, £100; and Ashton-under-
Lyne, £lOO. An application was received from
the chairman of a local committee of All Souls
parish, Manchester, asking for some assist-
ance, as their own fund was entirely expended.
The secretary was directed to write for inquiries,
and in the event of receiving a satisfactory reply,
to forward a cheque for the sum of £25, which
would make a total of £1,075. Mr. Gibbs also read
letters acknowledging the receipts of the several
amounts forwarded last week to several districts,
and containing the grateful thanks of the recipients.
The following additional donations were received
yesterday—Mr. W. B. Storr, £2O ; J. Sleaines and
Co., £2O ; M. A. W., per Messrs. Child and Co.,
£5O ; Mr. G. Hilbert, £2l; Mr. J. Hopgood, £10;
Mr. S. Turner, £lO 105. ; Mr. C. Bloomfield, £5 ;
Mr. A. Atkinson, £5 ; the Rev. H. Rish, £2 ; Mrs.
Reniord, H. A. Martin, per Messrs. Martin, £2 ;
Mrs. F. Robinson, £2 ; Rev. A. G. Townsend, £2
25.; T. A. H., £2 2s.

MR. COBDEN ON THE ANTWERP
FORTIFICATIONS

-4.---

The following letter was written, it is said, in
consequence of its having been stated by M. Van
ltyswyck, at one of the late public meetings at Ant-
werp, that it was the English Government who were
urging that of Belgium to proceed, at all hazards,
with the expensive works around that city, and of
an inquiry having been made ofMr. Cobden as to the
truth of what had thus been so openly asserted :
" Midhurst, Sussex, April 24.
" Sir,—l do not know to what extent you may be
justified in accusing Lord Palmerston of being the
author of that ill advised project, the fortifications
of Antwerp. You say that such an accusation was
made against his lordship at a public meeting ; but
there are many assertions made at public meetings
in England for which it would not be easy to find
any proofs. Until, therefore, some better evidence
can be adduced, you must permit me to believe that
the affair is at least doubtful. I care little, however,
about knowing who is the originator of the project,
though I cannot help thinking that in every point
of view it is one in which little good sense is disco
covered. Belgium owes its existence to moral influ-
ence, to the consent of the great Powers, not to any
strength of its own. The only risk it runs of losing
its nationality is that of being annexed to France, but
at the present day it is no longer the custom to annex
provinces without the consent of their population ;
so long, therefore, as you shall be lightly taxed,
you will enjoy greater liberty and greater pros-
perity than if you were annexed to France, and
for that reason you will most certainly prefer to
remain independent. Now, the best way to secure
these benefits is to avoid the burden of great arma-
ments, which would be of little avail against the
only enemy that can absorb you, and of which the
only result will be to impose heavy charges on the
people, and thus make them reconciled to the idea
of annexation, Such is my programme of your
policy, and I cannot conceive how any statesman
can act otherwise. If I were the king of the Bel-
gians, and wished to preserve the crown to mewy
descendants, I should only maintain some
iff
thousands of men. I should consider myse as
king by moral influence only, and I should say to my
powerful neighbours, "You have
benefit
proclaimed my neu-
trality, and I intend to give to my people the
of that situation in making them the most lightly
taxed and the most prosperous in Europe ; " and
that, believe me, will be the most certain method of
making the Belgians attached to their indepen-
dence. But to construct fortifications at Antwerp,
fort\v nerap,
with the idea of making it the rallying point
army in the event of war, and of thus inviting all
Europe to make it their battle-field, is to place the
people in so frightful a position that they would of
course prefer annexation to such a destiny. I shall
only add, that if you are in possession of any evi-
dence that shows that such an insane policy has had
its origin in England, I shall be delighted if you
will furnish me with the requisite proof, and I have
the honour, &c.,
" RICHARD COBDEN."

PRESS PROSECUTION IN GERMANY.—The Stutt-
gartn Bcobachter having published several outspoken articles
—one
of them
rao
f an
the extract from a pamphlet by Karl Blind—
on the question of electoral Hesse, the police effected a
confiscation
instituted against paper, and a prosecution is now being
that organ of advanced liberalism.
APOTHECARIES' HALL.—The following gentle-
meno_passed their examination in the science and practice
medicine, and received certificates to practice, on Thurs-
day, Juno 5, 1862 :—Chas. Augustus Prater, 15, Thomas-
street, Woolwich; Richard Sweoting, Nassau, New Pro-
vidence, Bahamas ; Francis Edwin M acaulay, Sheffield ;
Charles Taylor, 19, Shrubland •Grove, Dalston ; Samuel
M. Bradley, Victoria-park, Manchester; George Herring,
University of Edinburgh ; John Oliver Taylor, Ceylon ;
Athenodore de Negri, 9, Camden-street South ; Samuel
Ruthrford, P tilborough, Sussex; Edmund Venning, Gene-
ral Hospital, Bristol; Vim. James Le Tall, Sheffield. The
following gentleman also on the same day passed his first
examination :—Charles Holman Parks, Stevens's Hospital,
Dublin.
SIN GULAR ACCID EN TS.—Last evening an accident
of a singular character occurred at a baker's shop in the
Borough-road, near the Surrey Theatre. A strong north-
west wind had set in during the afternoon, and about five
o'clock a sudden gust carried away the shop front, the
facia, and the whole of the wood work. Some children
who were playing just opposite the shop were struck by the
pieces of wood and severely injured. Another accident of a
more serious nature occurred about the same time to a
painter at work on the front of a house in the Borough,
The wind blew him completely
.off the ladder, and he fell
heavily to the ground, being seriously injured by the fall.
Ho was taken to St. Thomas's Hospital.

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To the debate on Tuesday, which ended in so
signal a triumph for Lord Palmerston 9s Government,
Mr. Horsman conAlbuted an able and interesting
speech. In a revww-, of the foreign policy of the
country from a period at.terior to the Russian war
up to the present time, he pointed out, with clear-
ness and consistency, the evil results which had
from time to time arisen from neglect of our arma-
ments, and from the consciousness of our physical
.weakness. "There were three great occasions," he
said,, "on which the .apprehensions of England
had been excited, and the experience of insuffi-
cient preparation had been deeply felt. These viere
the Crimean war, the Conspiracy Bill, and, third fy,
the seizure of Savoy, under the aecommedatiTig
cloak of a commercial treaty." Each of these events
ot
hn e ,
he represented: in he light of a foreign aggression,
encouraged, if not directly produced, by England's
supposed deficiency in military power. Oa the first
and second occasions, the nation rose with indig-
nation, i
aarnmdadmreoevtee tehfeFMraieneisetrayndfrornmuspe(oiwheyra.
freshO
proof of her ambition; On
the third, we acted differently. Wearied with watch-
ing
plwa9eeeg ea:vres,epiveer
shaipn a positions,tooready
credence to the threats of her colonels, and deter-
mined once for all to
which, would render us free from, future panics and
no longer dependent on the forbearance of a power-
ful neighbour. If Mr. Horsman 'bad said no more
than this, his speech -would have commanded our
entire approbation. But his account of the origin
of the volunteer army differs materially from the
above view. The panic, or "something approaching
to a panic which existed at the time of its founda-
tion, was, according to him, "not fear of what might
be done by English enemies abroad—it was fear of
what might be done by foreign auxiliaries at home."
,! The volunteer movement," he 2ontinued, " which
'was one of the imost remarkable events of our time,
was nothing but a great national vote of distrust in
the executive. It was aloud, general, and solemn pro.

test against the ascendency of the Peace party in our
councils. It was a rebuke to the Cabinet. It was an
unmistakeablefeeli
ng inE
owarningglan wt to
it
hadchief
atlhreaatdty onher e
twasw o
a
occasions called two Ministers to account,and which
would possibly make a more serious example of a
third, if the safety ancrihe honour of England
should again be made suhservient to -the exigencies
of party politics." Surely, these are words which
call aloud to us for an immediate and earnest ex-
pression of disapproval. Scarcely can we think
that Mr. Horsman is serious in representing the
Volunteer movement as a new power in the State,
instituted for the purpose of rebuking the Cabinet,
making an example of the Ministry, and entering
an armed protest against the apostles of peace. If
such were the meaning and intention of the citi-
zen army, they would, instead of a blessing, be as
great a curse as we could well inflict upon society.
But a very little reflection, and a very cursory ex-
amination of the composition of the force, will show
that no such design as that imputed to us by Mr.
Horsman could ever have existed. The Volunteer
movement was dictated by anything rather than
the spirit of party. The men in our ranks belong
to all parties, the only common opinion which binds
them together being the love of that freedom under
which they may agree to differ. There is nothing
whatever to prevent even the members of the Peace
party from occupying a place among us. So far
from true is it that our object has beet( to coerce
the Government into more extensive armaments,

that a cry was raised last year, not without some
foundation, that the existence of the Volunteer force
was to be brought forward, by the very party

against whose ascendancy. we are said to be a pro-
test, as an argument for the reduction of the regu-
lar army. We are not even clear that Mr. Cobden
himself is opposed to the Volunteer movement. He
has never, as we are awiste,'-distinctly recorded him-
self as our enemy, and as—long as we adhere to the

motto "Defence, not defiance," we can see no
reason why we should not regard him as a
friend. True it is that we differ from the mem-

bers of the Peace party in our estimate of the dan-
ger we should run by remaining unprepared for
war; but we also hold that we should be false to
our calling as British Volunteers did we not agree
with them in thinking that the sole object of our
armaments should be to secure us independence of
action, not to place in our hands the argument of
force. It is not a little curious that the fancied rise
of a power which some of the most intelligent of
its Opponents regarded as a serious danger incident
to the Volunteer movement should have struck Mr.
Horsman as thus worthy of commendation. The
experience of foreign countries, where the arming
of the people had led to coercive measures against
their Government, was regarded by some among us
as a warning of the danger of raising up a force in
this country which might at some future time be
employed as an internal menace, or possibly as an
instrument of rebellion. We trust that these fears
have before now been dissipated. But the opinion
now advanced by Mr. Horsman, that the Volunteer
army is to be considered in the nature of a political
faction, which sprang into existance as an opponent
of another, of whose constitutional acts it disap-
proved, gives us occasion to impress once more upon
our readers the vast importance of confining the
Volunteer Volunteer army to its legitimate sphere
action.
duties s m
not be confounded with those of the regalara
as armed men, it is no less importantthat_we shout
d
keep clear
Glearazoefttte.he influence of party.—
,;yvic volunteer