The Sun.
London, England, 1865-09-16 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 16, 1865

GREAT ST. JAMES'S-HALL.—WORLD of
MAGIC, Second Sight, and " Begone. Dull Care,"
every evening at & A Day Performance, Saturday, at 3.
" The most varied entertainment in the metropolis."—Vide
the Press. Admission, is.

PROFESSOR and the Misses ANDERSON.—
Farewell season. —World of Magic. Second Sight, and
the original Indian Basket Trick, in conjunction with Fre-
deric (the great) Maccabe, the unrivalled ventriloquist, mimic,
and character actor.

VREDERIC MACCABE, Ventriloquist, Mimic.
&c„ in his original entertainment, "Begone, Dull Care,'
"Miss Mary May," " Early in the Morning." Balcony, 28.
reserved seats, 3s. ; stalls, ss. ; at ,Ir. Austin's office, St
James's-hall, 28, Piccadilly
• .

A. NIMSIO, Acting Manager.

HEOXF O R D.
6, OXFORD STREET, W.
The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited).
SIXTY-SIX, by J. Offenbach, performed by
Misses Russell. Barrie, Walmesley, Tyrell, Ellen Reid, Ma-
dame Maria, and Miss Fitz Henry; Messrs. A. St. Albyn,
Husk, and Ureen, with full Bandland Chorus.

Conductor, Mr. F.Jonghmans.
Ballet, Comedy, Burlesque, &c., by the celebrated D'Au-
bans, Messrs. Duriah and Davis, and the Misses TESSY
and SARA GUN.NISS.

NO ricE —The Oxford has been entirely Redecorated,
Altered, Newly Lighted, and Ventilated, and now is one of
the most agreeable places of resort in the kingdom.—OPEN
EVERY E VENING at Eight o'clock.
The Classical Ballet, entitled TH 1, BRIDAL of BEAUTY,
in which the Misses TESSY and SARA GUNNISS will
make their re appearance THIS EVENING.
Admission—Area, 6d.; stalls and baloony, Is. ; private
boxes, 108. 6d.

CANTERBURY HALL.
KO KO RI KO.
This wonderful entertainment, having proved the greatest
hitaVer made, will be repeated EVERY EVENING, in ad-
dition to the Operatic Seleations, supported by the whole
talent of the establishment.
Comedy, Burlesque, and Ballet by Mrs. and Mr. Randall,
Messrs. Duriah and Davies, the D'Aubans, and Arthur
Lloyd.

Director, Mr. F. Jongmans.
All visitors to London at this season should see the above
entertainment.

MADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION.-
Established 30 years, at the Bazaar, Baker-street.
NEW ADDITIONS.—In accordance with the season, the
Exhibition has been entirely re-embellished. The whole of
the ancient Court Dresses of the most costly description,
faithfully copied from the most minute pictures, have been
renewed. Modern Court Dresses of the most splendid de-
scription, selected from the first houses in Paris and London,
and probably never equalled or surpassed, are now on view.
Life-size Models of DOCTOR E. W. PRITCHARD and
CONSTANCE KENT are now added.
Open from 11 a.m. till 10 p.m.
Admittance, One Shilling; Extra Rooms, Sixpence,

ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street,
Piccadilly.—GßAND CASINO and MUSICAL PRO.
MENADE is N, )W OPEN for the Season.

Musical Director, M. LUIGI CURTL
_ Manager, Mons. GRENET.

The Band plays nightly Selections from the most eminent
Composers.
Doors open at half-past 8 o'clock; close five minutes to 12
o'clock.

Admission to Promenade, One Shilling.

THE WELLINGTON, ST. JAMES'S-STREET.
Set DINNERS served, at five minutes' notice, from Four to
Nine p.m., at 2e. 6d., 3s 6d., 4s. 6d., and 7s. each.

ELEGANT SALOON DINING ROOMS,
for Ladies and Families.
Prices on the "Carte" moderate.
Private Rooms for Large or Small Partier.
Reading, Smoking', and Billiard Rooms.
BREAKFASTS and LUNCHEONS.
D. CAMERON.
Entrances-160, Piccadilly, and 49, St. James's-street.

Q PANISH FLY is the acting ingredient in
ALEX. ROSS'S CANTHARIDES OIL, which speedily
produces whiskers and thickens hair. 3s. 6d. ss. 65., and Ms.
6d..; sent free for 54, 84, and 144 stamps.—ALEX, ROSS, 248,
High Holborn, London.

WONDERFUL DISCOVERY.—Corns cured
in one diy by using ALEX. ROSS'S CHIROPO.
This preparation gradually dissolves the corn in a few hours,
removing the very root. Price 4s , sent by post for 60 stamps.
—248, High Holborn, London.

HAIR-CURLING FLUID, 248, High Holborn,
London.—ALEX. ROSS'S CURLING FLUID curls
Ladies' or Gentlemen's hair immediately it is applied. Sold
at Is. 6d., 6s. 6d., and JO& 6d. ; sent free for It, 84, and 144
stamps. Ross's Toilet Magazine, ls. 6d., or 20 stamps.

REY HAIR.-248, High Holborn, London.-
1/1 ALEX. ROSS'S HAIR DYE produces a perfect colour
immediately it is used. It is permanent, and perfectly na-
tural in cffe t. Priee 3s. rd, ss. 6.•., and 10s. 6d. ; sent by
post for 51,14, and 144 stamps.

HAIR DESTROYER, 248, High Holborn,
London.—ALEX.'ROSS'S DEPILATORY removes,
without effect to the skin, superfluous hair from the face,
neck, and arms. 38. 6d., ss. 6d.. and 10s. 6d. ; sent the same
day as ordered by post for 51, 81, and 144 stamps.

Lately published, Id., sent free by post for two stamps.
AN ESSAY upon the HUMAN HAIR : Its
Close Analogy to V
Fly or antharides.—By ALEX.
ROSS, 248, High Holborn. London.

DIMPLE REMOVER. All diseases of the skin
are improved by one dose of ALEX. ROSS'S VEGE-
TABLE SKIN PILL. They remove redness, sallowness,
&a 2s. 9d. and 7e. 6d. ; or by past for 40 and 100 stamps.—
ALEX. ROSS, 248, High Holborn, London.

STARCH MANUFACTURERS
TO H. R. H. THE PRINCESS OF WALES.
GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH.
Used In the Royal Laundry,
AND AWARDED THE PRIZE MEDAL, 1862.
Sold by all Grocers, Chandlers, &c. &o.
WOTHERSPOON and CO., Glasgow and London.

situate on an irregular ledge, and into it at distant intervals
a stray beam of sunlight struggles for admittance through
the cloister-like openings or shafts connecting it with the
third or uppermost gallery, which has been excavated down-
wards from thee surface of the hill, and is not therefore,
strictly speaking, a cavern at all. The whole series of gal-
leries, with their endless succession of massive pillars, but-
tresses, and arches, have been hewn out of the solid lime-
stone rock in the course of many ages by the hand of the
sturdy miner, who now, finding this vast subterranean
quarry pretty nigh exhausted, has sought more productive
fields hard by for his adventurous labours. The caverns are
nearly a mile in extent, but the excursionists contented
themselves with penetrating scarcelyone half this distance.
A halt having been made in a spacious chamber—where
the- lofty rock showed the peculiar slab-like stratification
of the supdrincumbent rock to groat advantage.
Professor PHILLIPS took up his position on a jutting
ledge overhanging the dark canal, where a temporary ros-
trum had been placed, and addressed a few words to the
assemblage. Ho .said that the hill in the interior of the
rocky base of which they were standing was not always the
property of the Dudley family. It belonged in former times
to an ancient, numerous, and distinguished family, from
which it had descended lineally to a gentleman now by his
side, who had of right taken possession of the old "King-
dom of Siluria." (Cheers and laughter.) " Therefore," ex-
claimed the President, "0! chief of Siluria, 'rightful de-
scendant of the trilobites, deign to tell us something of
your ancestral domain." (Cheers and laughter.)
Sir RODERICK MURCHISON, thus invoked, said it was 16
years since he had last .addressed an assemblage in those
caverns, when he had on his right M. Drouyn de Lhuys,
then the first Ambassador of lhb second French Republic,
and now Prime Minister of the second French Empire.
That distinguished statesman on that memorable occasion
made his first speech to the English people in their own
tongue through the same speaking trumpet which he now
held in his own hand, and which he would now use him-
self if his hearers thought he could not otherwise make
himself audible. (No, no, and laughter, amid which Sir
Roderick laid aside the instrument.) M. Drouyn de Lhuys
told his audience that he had then seen both the inside and
the outside of England, and that he really could not say
with which of the two he was most gratified. (Cheers and
laughter.) Sir Roderick then proceeded to relate how he
had discovered "the Kingdom of Siluria" in the strata
lying under Montgomery, Radnor, and Salop ; how he had
verified it in Germany, Norway, Sweden, and beyond the
Ural Mountains; how, in admiration of the gallant Carac-
tacus, the ancient King of the Silurian race, he had
adopted the name of Siluria for his geological discoveries
in their district ; and how in Dudley the strata, upheaved
as it was among the coal-measures, was broken and dislo-
cated, probably by volcanic action, being made up of com-
plete disjecta ntembra. Yet it was, nevertheless, surpass-
ingly rich in the fossils of Siluria—perhaps presenting to
the geologists more perfect specimens than ;.the rocks of
any other region. He then explained the " dipping" of
the rocks on either side of the caverns, observing that
through their being " tilted up" man was enabled to
delve among them almost without cost or trouble, and
to obtain a supply of limestone that was practically
inexhaustible. Sir Roderick next referred to the proba-
bility of fresh coal-measures existing in that neighbour-
hood. There was, he said, no natural connexion between
the Dudley limestone and coal. The Dudley limestone was
part of his Silurian kingdom, and in no part of that king-
dom was there or could there be any coal which was formed
from decayed vegetation. The Silurian rocks were far be-
neath the coal-measures. The Old Red Sandstone or Permian
of South Staffordshire had been confused with the New
Red Sandstone, whereas the two were perfectly distinct and
greatly separated. As to their future supplies of coal, his
firm belief was that under all the rocks mapped as Permian
around that coalfield they would find thickeror thinner coal.
Twenty years ago he came to the conclusion, not upon mere
theory, but after observation, that there was coal under the
Permian, and that it could be found at a depth of 600 or
700 feet at the most. Not only so, but he had induced Lord
Dartmouth to sink for it, and that nobleman found it two
miles away from the edge of what was called the coalfield,
and two miles nearer to Birmingham than any existing
coalpit. The coal found there was not a thin, worthless
seam, but the 10-yard coal; and although Lord Dartmouth
was obliged to cease working it because the people of West-
bromwich did not like to find their houses sinking beneath
them (a laugh), the fact remained that there was an untold
store of coal lying under the Old Red Sandstone.
Three cheers having been given for the King of Siluria,
the visitors threaded their way out of the caverns, and
ascended the Castle-hill. While toiling under a blazing sun
up this acclivity they,could not help contrasting regretfully
the cool'atmosphere of the grottoes they had just left with
that of the sultry upper air. Most of the party, however,
climbed the narrow winding staircase leading to the parapet
of the keep, of which only two turreted round towers and
the connecting wall between them now remain to tell the
tale of its ancient grandeur. From the parapet what once
must have been a splendid prospect is commanded; but no
landscape can retain more than half its natural charms that
is encroached upon by the "black country," of which this
is the very centre.
The excursionists now divided off into several separate
sections, one of which went to inspect the ironworks and
collieries at Tipton ; another to visit Cannock Chase ; an-
other to be conducted over the Bessemer steel works of
Messrs. Lloyd, Foster, and Co., and other establishments at
Wednesbury ; another to Stourbridge, to see the glassworks
at Amblecote, and the ironworks of Mr. W. 0. Foster,
; another to Round Oak, to visit the ironworks of
Lord Dudley ; and another to Oldbury and Westbromwich,
to witness certain specialities in " puddling" at the works
of the Eagle Company.
The section led by the President and Sir Roderick Mur-
chison adhered throughout the day to a geological pro-
gramme. From the Castle-yard they bent their steps towards
the Wren's-nest, a hill about a mile and a half from Dudley,
which derives its name from its peculiar conformation,
having a curious nest-like hollow on its summit. Taking a
hurried glance at the Priory ruins on their way, they speedily
reached the hill, which is chiefly remarkable for its lime-
stone caverns. Picturesque and scientifically interesting
as these are, however, they are but secondary to those under
Dudley-castle, already described. They have been dug
downwards from the surface, and vast openings, clad with
verdure towards their summit, admit the broad daylight
into their rocky recesses. Under one of their finest arches
the President's party mustered to hear a brief lecture on
the geology of the district, illustrated with diagrams, deli-
vered by the Mayor of Dudley. This discourse concluded,
some of the savans went in search of fossils, and considered
themselves particularly fortunate if they found a tiny tri-
lobite the size of a pea. The good folks of Dudley know
the value of these primreval relics, and have by this time
tolerably well denuded their rocks of their best and most
accessible specimens, so that many a zealous geologist
whose hammering yielded but small results was fain to buy
with money what he could not win by labour if he desired
to carry away some trophy of his visit to these regions.
The party then returned to Dudley and inspected a rich
mineralogical and geologic.al collection displayed in the
local museum.

By the liberality of the Mayor and a committee of his
townsmen, who seemed bent on giving the savans a perfect
ovation, an excellent dinner was provided for them in the
large hall of the Mechanics' Institute. His worship pre-
sided, and, after the usual introductory toasts, proposed
" the Health of the President of the British Association,"
expressing the delight which the people of that district felt
in entertaining such distinguished men of science.
The toast was drunk with enthusiasm.
Professor PHILLIPS returned thanks and warmly ac-
knowledged the kindness which he and his fellow excur-
sionists had received from the peeple of Dudley.
Alderman COCHRANE gave "the Health of Sir R. Mur-
chison," and expressed the satisfaction with which, after
the rather desponding tone adopted by Mr. Jukes on the
subject, of their future supplies of coal in the Midland
Counties, he had listened to the reassuring language held to
them that day by so pre-eminent a geologist as " the King
of Siluria."

Sir. R. MURCHISON, in acknowledging the compliment,
spoke very feelingly of his respect and affection for the Pre-
sident of the British Association. He and Professor Phillips,
he said, were joint founders of that association, which had
now attained such influence and popularity, and he might,
he thought, look upon himself and his friend Professor
Phillips as a sort of Siamese twins. (Cheers and laughter.)
Reverting to a subject which lay near to the heart of the
Dudley folks—viz., their future coal supply—he said that
some persons had gone away from Mr. Juke's lecture with
the impression—an erroneous one, he thought—that Mr.
Jukes wished to dissuade them from boring through the red
sandstone in search of coal. They might rely upon it that
immediately under the great mass of red sandstone—the
lower or old red sandstone of his own Silurian system, and
called Permian—and particularly under the old red sand-
stone which surrounded the immediate Dudley district,
they would in future find great and productive coal-fields.
(Cheers.) Sir Roderick spoke of the pleasure with which he
had listened to the lecture delivered by his worship—the
first chief magistrate chosen by Dudley since its recent in-
corporation as a municipality—observing that at Bath last
year the Association found a model Mayor, at Birmingham
this year it found a perfect Mayor,and that day it had found
themost perfect Mayor of all—viz., one who was himself a
geologist. (Cheers and laughter.)
The health of the Mayor was drunk with the greatest
cordiality, and, in returning thanks, his Worship remarked
that he did not see why Mayors, who had some reputation
for turtle, should not have a reputation for trilobites as well.
(Laughter and cheers.)

" The Health of the Foreign Visitors," proposed by the
Bev. C. Evans, of Birmingham, and responded to by Signor

de Negri, wound up the list of toasts, and the excursionists
shortly afterwards returned to Birmingham.

The arrangements for the day, which' to all parties passed
off most pleasantly, were made by the South Staffordshire
Local Committee of the Association, and reflected the
greatest credit on their management and liberality.

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.

EAST SOMERSET.

The report states that the traffic returns for the
half-year ending June 30 last shows a very slight
increase over the amount received in the correspond-
ing half of last year. The gross earnings amounted
to £3,153, which, after deducting the fixed sum of
£1,032 applicable for interest on debenture debtand
rent charges, leaves £1,272, or 60 per cent. of the
balance to the Great Western Ca,mpany, and £B4B
or 40 per cent., to this company. Out of this sum
the directors advise that a dividend be declared on
the preference shares at the rate of 3 per cent. per
annum, free of income tax, leaving the remainder to
go towards the liquidation of the balance due to the
bankers on income accounts. They propose the con-
tinued application of such dividend towards the
liquidation of the liabilities on capital account, and
to credit the account to each preference shareholder
with the amount of his dividend, for which a prefe-
rence share shall be issued in his name when the sum
so credited shall amount to £lO. The capitalaccount
shows a total receipt of £156,104, and a total ex-
penditure of £148,263, leaving a balance of £2,159
due to bankers.