The Sun.
London, England, 1862-08-15 00:00:00

LATE

tages on the part of the North. Pecuniary ex-
haustion not hindering defensive operations in the
South ; floods of paper money hiding from view the
real pecuniary exhaustion of the North. The South
resorting, without offending its population, to con-
scription ; the North threatening conscription, in
vain, to induce its population to accept unheard-of
bounties for enlistment. Three hundred thousand
volunteers demanded by ABRAHAM LINCOLN—a
tenth of them procured ; and a second demand for
three hundred thousand more to enlist till next
spring. How the Southern Government responds
to these Northern demands we are not told. How
the people respond we see in their renewed activity
in all the Southern and Border States which are
seats of war. There seems not to be a single symptom
of either or both parties giving up—unless it be the
backwardness of the North to enlist.
The latest news seems pretty well to account for
the backwardness. It is not easy to see where a
recruit could look, and wish to join the ranks.
MCLELLAN offers him nothing but sickness, or
weary waiting with occasional skirmishes. Nothing
like marching to assured victory. His position,
indeed, seems rather to grow more perilous. His
opponents seem to be not only on each side the
James River, up which his supplies and reinforce-
ments must come, but to be threatening his fleet
itself from the city with ironsides which his tardy
movements have allowed it to build. From what
is reported, it would not be surprising if the Con-
federates should render the James River as unman-
ageable as they made the Potomac all winter.
Ii
SO, MCLELLAN, after defending himself, as we are
told the place enables him to do, would have no
e read
alternative but to follow the example of his prede-
cessor in the Peninsula, Lord CORNWALLIS. W
of MCLELLAN'S ordering his men toprepare for ac-
tion on the 29th ; but it was not to act against
Richmond, but against the formidable STONEWALL
JACKSON ; and that because he could not learn
where this übiquitous soldier actually was, or
where he was likely to strike next.
Perhaps a recruit might like the look of things
with General POPE as well as anywhere. With
him he would be allowed to quarter himself freely
on Secessionists, and to make use of such of their
prcperty as was necessary in war. A rather ample
limitation in the eyes of an Irish or German sol-
dier. But POPE has, so far as we can see, work
enough in holding the upper part of the Shenan-
doah Valley, and enabling the inhabitants of Wash-
ington to sleep in peace. He, too, is as much in
fear of finding JACKSON down upon him as MCLEL-
LAN is, and another Confederate General, EWELL,
is certainly watching him so near that only mutual
fear can long delay an engagement. Through alt
the rest of the Northern line of attack nothihg, or
worse than nothing, is doing. On the Atlantic,
Charleston and Savannah detain their portions of
the Federal army and navy before them, but they
to have no fear whatever of any serious attack.
Mobile appears to have been relieved, and on the
Mississippi the Confederates have regained much
of their strength since they drove Commanders 11
FARRAGUT and DAVIS from Vicksburg. We should
not like to be exactly in BUTLER'S position at New
Orleans, since, if the gunboats should fail to pro-
tect him, between the climate and the Federalist
troops in that quarter, he would certainly be driven
to a surrender. The Arkansas seems quite to have
infuriated the Federal naval commanders, and they
made a spirited, but unsuccessful attempt upon her
under the guns of Vicksburg. But she still lives to
run down and destroy, it may be, great numbers of
Federal transports, and possibly some gunboats.
As little can recruits look for much to stimulate
the warlike ardour in their bosoms by service
in the Border States. It seems bnt ignoble work.
Through the greater part of them, the Federals have
quite enough to do to watch for guerillas, who may
pounce upon their pickets, or any small body of
them before they are aware of it. The truth is,
the PRESIDENT and his friends to the last reso-
lutely refuse their natural allies. They justify all
that is said of their anti-negro feeling by the advo-
cates of the South here. They will continue to
prove that, in recognising the North as the United
States, we recognisea Government hostile to negroes,
hostile to their emancipation, hostile to allowing
them to fight for their own liberties and the
Union. The PRESIDENT told the Border
States that the Abolitionists pressed hard upon
him—we now have their reply, and it is "to
save the Union you must throw over the Aboli-
tionists, and give up the emancipation and confis-
cation policy," while the Governor of Kentucky
convenes his Legislature to consider the whole
"situation," and to provide for the safety of Ken-
tucky institutions. The trembling PRESIDENT re-
joins by promising once more to accept negroes
only as labourers, not as soldiers." How can
this country be justly accused by the North of
sympathising with slaveholders, when the North
itself shows a far stronger sympathy with them ?
So far as slavery is concerned we may as con-
sistently recognise the South, as we have hitherto
recognized the North.

Scarcely worth a song, or a fig, or a straw—are
nearly synonymous phrases expressive of a very
small amount of value. But JENNY LIND and the
Singing Bullfinch ought certainly to go far towards
striking out of the list, the first of those three odd
little types of worthlessness. Until very recently
that wonderful automaton the Piping Bullfinch was
bringing in at the great Exhibition from £4O to
£5O a day, or between £2OO and £3OO a week to
swell the funds now collecting for the relief of the
distressed among the manufacturers of Lancashire.
There were not wanting those among the more
humane as well as among the more curious visitors
to the Swiss Department who were willing any day
out of the six to " pay the piper" for the benefit of
the poor famishing operatives. At the rate of
ss. a head, the hearers of the marvellously pretty
little acoustical phenomenon were always ready to
‘tiler around it, to listen to its performances.
A.ea as
soon as one assembly of visitors had been
granaea in this way, another was speedily collected
at the same
rateactitea of payment upon the same momen-
ot set apart for this in every way
hibition. portion of the Great International Ex-
teaxrcielyptvionai
Suddenly, howev„
'' there was a stop put to all
bullfinch vim,
Prohibited from singing. .
ee", in vain. The Funds
Zit? from the Cotton
accumulating • in aid of the a,,_ve
ptheisoi:lerroffheered their croNvii
acc
°' that daily addi-
tionof a good round half 1,,t1
to them
Famine in Lancashire, were
—..at the very least, of
tulred pounds
sterling per diem tlO or 1 000
„c was still there• '
francs. GIBSON.S Yea"- in the
ure of neighbouring Re.
man Court, " the cynOS ekes:'
Fountain still Plashed
MTNTON'S Majolica FOUTI _ Etta
sparked and glowed with prismatic gea
colourin
tam Fowlies
delightfully as ever under one of Cap
Wrestlers
gigantic bell glasses. The Bronze
o their
still struggled for life or death upo
ea out
pedestal in the nave. The Russian fruit, carved
of precious stones, made some of the thirsty az6rs'
mouths water to have a bite at them. The stu-
pendous steam hammers still alternately shook
in which
the whole of the annexe (horrid word !)
they yet carry on their Cyclopian labours-- and
then delicately cracked a nut without crushing the
kernel, The colowal organ With its forest of stop

,-.--..........----_
--the grand piano with all the latest improvements
—every musical instrument that yields melody to
the performer's breath or to the touch of his hands,
could be seen—and heard too, in many instances—at
pleasure, in various parts of the great ugly build-
ing. But the little Bullfinch, the " noe bright
particular star" among the performers—literally the
bijou among them all—was silenced. His song was
abruptly and peremptorily hushed—that song that
was really " worth" something! That carried not
only its charm of wonder to the ears of the de-
lighted listeners, but bore comfort also far away to
the north, to the poor starving operatives out of
work and out at elbows here and there all over
Lancashire. It was a most arbitrary interruption.
It was vexatious to the visitors daily crowding
the halls and galleries of the Exhibition. It was
especially cruel to the famishing manufacturers
who were deriving from it substantial aid. Who
was the authority, whose whim or peevishness—in
everyputa
stop way
to
i na coo
muchm p r e he n s i b
harmlessle— ph
iseda 8 tuhr ue s, a snudd
at
the
same time to so much practical benevolence ?
A letter of a rather curious kind, in every point
of view, to-day makes its appearance from this
offending official. ~ C. HERMANN "it 18 signed,
Secretary to the Chief Commissioner for Switzer-
land. And, certainly, of all the odd explanations
ever given by mortal man for an eccentric act this
is about the very oddest. According to M. HER-
MANN'S own acknowledgment, he appears, from first
to last, in this matter, to have acted entirely upon
his own responsibility. His principal, i.e., M.
VOGH, the Chief Swiss Commissioner, he
(the Secretary) tells as is away. And it is during
A VoGH's absence from London, that M. HER-
MANN, his Secretary, has very cleverly contrived
to bring this unnecessary discredit upon the Swiss
Department. And that, too, at the very time
when everybody's attentionVvas directed towards it !
After volunteering the remark," I beg to state that
I should deeply regret any step by which the Lan-
cashire operatives should be deprived of a source so
beneficial to their interests"—M. HERMANN adds
(with quite a Lord DUNDREARY non sequitur)—
" I, nevertheless, cannot deny that it was I who
requested Mr. LINTON to stop his bullfinch till
further orders would be given to him, with the
true intention not to stop, but to transfer it to
some more convenient and more spacious place
outside of the Swiss Department, and to
apply to the Royal Commissioners for this
purpose." Of course it never occurred to
him that the cart might, perhaps, more reason-
ably follow than precede the horse—that it
might have been perhaps just as well if another
locality had been found before this peremptory
mandate was issued : stopping the mimic carol of
the Bullfinch, and stopping at the same time, con-
sequently, the dropping in of the £4O odd a-day, or
£250 a week into the ciborium for the Lancashire
manufacturers. Not for the world would he do
anything so harsh—and yet he did it ! And now
having done it, he actually attempts to throw the
blame or a considerable part of it at least upon—
I Mr. LINTON ! So that (almost we had called him)
the Victim—is pointed at as the arch-Offender !" I
regret," says the Secretary, whose own order
(he has himself acknowledged it) hushed the song
of the Bullfinch," I regret that Mr. LINTON did
not apply to me, after having received my
orders. becaure things would have been
settled amicably, and acted according to his first
impressions." The cap is there quite evident, is in
a manner tangibly and visibly before us. But—
placed on Mr. LINTON'S. head—it don't fit. Sup-
pose Mr. HERMANN tries It on his own !
But the Secretary to the Swiss Commissioners,
in this dilemma into which he has unwittingly
blundered, adduces—just, as the late Sir ROBERT
PEEL used to do upon any emergency, with his
three coirsen—three reasons("very valid reasons" M.
HERMANN here calls them) by way of explanation.
The first is one that has never been heard of be-
fore, namely, that several of the articles in the Swiss
department, in the immediate neighbourhood of the
automaton singing bird, have been exposed to seri-
ous damage—nay, the Secretary goes so far to add,
several " had already been partially damaged"—by
the crowd attracted to listen to the little toy song-
ster. Hearing which reason one can only wonder
at the excellence of the arrangements made there
from the first, in the Swiss department !
Reason number two is to the effect that Mr. LIN-
TON is not (any more than is his partner M. AUBERT)
a Swiss Exhibitor at all ! h.l ale quo diable allait it
faire dans cette galere ? Upon whose responsibility,
by whose permission, at whose instance—comes
Mr. LINTON, and with him his partner (joint
owners of the Singing Bullfinch) among the real
bona fide Exhibitors there in the Swiss Depart-
ment ? Reason number three is so particularly
curious in its way, that we give it as it is ex-
pressed in the Secretary's own words—namely,
" That the taking of money' for the show of articles
inside the building, for however laudable an ob-
ject it may be, it appeared to me, and indeed was
hinted at [sensitive Mr. HERMANN] by several
[not a name is mentioned !] as' a departure from
the rules and regulations of the Interna-
tional Exhibition. If," the Swiss Secre-

tary goes on to say, "an exception is to
be made in favour of so excellent a charity as
that of the Lancashire Relief Fund, and if the
Royal Commissioners are agreed to it, I for one
shall applaud it as much as any person—[stopping
it all the while, observe !]—but, as far as I am aware
of, no permission to that effect has either been asked
by or granted to Mr. LINTON, and I confess that if
a rule is to be infringed upon, and that by an
exhibitor who does not even belong to my
deparment, I would rather it be done outside
than inside the Swiss Court." So actually,
by way of mending the matter, the Secretary
to the Swiss Commissioner concludes his explana-
tion thus with a very grand air and tone
of—virtuous indignation ! Quite unconscious, while
indulging in this little flourish, that grand though
the air and tone may be they are also excessively
ridiculous. However—all said and done—the
Automaton Bullfinch is again singing for the
benefit of the distressed operatives in Lancashire.
But certainly no thanks to the Secretary to the
Swiss Commissioner.

COMMUTATION OF THE SENTENCE UPON WAI.
HERDMAN.—The Crown have commuted the sentence upon
Wm. Herdman to penal servitude for life, on the ground of
his eccentricities, and the fact that the memorial in hiss
favour has been signed by the bishop of the diocese, by the
Roman Catholic bishop, and by 4,000 of the most influen-
tial inhabitants of Belfast.—Dublin Evening Mail.
As to the question how eel-breeding would pay
as a commercial speculation, we can present a few figures
by way of data for calculations on that part of the case. The
quantity of eel fry which ascend from the sea into the
lagoon is positively enormous : they proceed in such
for about thb:
myriads as quite to defy enumeration. What is called
ILse seeding (that is, the filling with fish) of the lagoon
ofCommences early in February, when column upon column
canal, rung eels may be found pr.ceeding up the
are 0 f cod also up the two rivers. The sluices
sluices are ehtite
supposed to ltll,,
all opened wide, and they remain open
onths, till the whole of the young fish are
dascended. About the end of April the
and the fish are then securely in-
closed, and they ::1,,,, )
moves them toz. seek to leave till their breeding in-
stinctattained to a considerable
het sea, at which time they have
weight. The eel seem, t.:124
(7-from four to five pounds
weight in each yea,..6Vt,.at the rate of about one
par mnadul as ,
1 800 to the pound,
, a7....,`..t thet frnyumwbilelr,niunmtbheer
course of a year or two, will be worth 41
0.---Once 4 Peek.

Sr NEWS.

INDIA.

From Telegraph to...lndia, Company's Station,

Jubal.)
BOMBAY, JULY 27.

An enormous rise has taken place in the price of
cotton. Shirtings and twist in active demand.
Copper advancing. Opium, Malwa, 1,610 r.
Exchange on London, first-class credits. 2s. Old.
Government securities, Four per Cents., 941.
Freight, 675. 6d.
(By Telegraph to Bombay.)

CALCUTTA, JULY 27.
Shirtings in demand. Mule twist decidedly ina•
proved. Copper higher. Indigo quiet.
Exchange on London, 2s. Oid.
Government securities—Four per Cents., 94
Five per Cents., 1041; Five-and-a-Half per Cents.,
1126.
Ft eight, 755.

THE BANK OF FRANCE.

PARIS, AUG. 15 (Morning).

The Moniteur of this morning publishes the usual
monthly return of the Bank of France, which
shows the following results, as compared with the

July account

DECREASE.

Cash in hand
Bills discounted, not yet due....
Advances

Francs.
7y millionb,
44 millions,
3,1, millions

Bank-notes.. ll 1-3 millions.
Treasury balance
Current accounts ....
The Moniteur contains, also, several nominations
to the Legion of Honour.

GARIBALDI'S MOVEMEN TS.

TURIN, AUG, 15.

The official Gazette of to-day denies a report cur-
rent here that a demonstration had been made by
the Italian squadron off Palermo, by means of
placards bearing the words, "Rome or death !"
The authorities have taken measures to prevent
a great demonstration which is being prepared in
Messina.

Garibaldi is still at Castrogiovanni, where volun-
teers are continually arriving. Their number is
variously stated to be between 3,000 and 4,000.
The Roy al troops continue their movements.
The Procurator of the King at Palermo has been
dismissed for having quitted his post.
The Monarchia Nazionale of to day says :
" Rumours are afloat that a demonstration is be-
ing organised in this city, and will take place to-
morrow."

There is no truth in the statement, made by a
Turin paper, that a portion of the Garibaldians had
attempted to cross the Straits of Messina, but had
been prevented by cruisers.

THE BOMBAY MAIL.
ALEXANDRIA, AUG. 14.
The Euxine and Ellora, with the above mail, left
here this day at 10 a.m. for Marseilles and South-
ampton respectively. (The Ellora may be expected
at Southampton about the 27th inst.)
The Malta brought the mails to Suez, arriving

there yesterday.
The Northman, with the London mail of the 20•
26th June, left Galle for Australia on the 23d July

BERLIN, AUG. 14, EVENING.

The semi-official Allgetneine Preussische (Stern)
Zeitung of to-day contains a leading article on the
apprehension of a pretended impending change in
the Constitution on the occasion of the discussion of
the Military Budget- It considers the difficulty
exists in the fact that no provision is made by the
Constitution for the possibility of the Supplies not
being voted by the time they are required.

The writer proceeds :
" It cannot be expected that the Government w
consent to the diminution of the general budget, by
which the progress already made in re-organising
the army would be destroyed. The Government of
the King would violate its most sacred duty if it did
not make use to the fullest extent of its constitutional
position for carrying out the reform which is con-
sidered indispensable to the welfare of the State.
If, unfortunately, an understanding should not be
attained, the Government will undoubtedly re-
gulate the further steps it may consider it its
duty to adopt by the rights conferred upon it by
the Constitution, and we are enabled most dis-
tinctly to repel the odious suspicion of any coup
d'etat or breach of that constitution being intended.
The course which the Government may think
proper, in accordance with the Constitution, to
adopt, depends wholly upon the nature of the reso-
lutions arrived at by the opposite party, and can-
not be previously determined."
A telegram from Berlin states that the Military
Commission of the Prussian Chamber, in its sitting
cf yesterday (12th), rejected the vote for the ex-
penses of the reorganization of the army, amount-
ing to 2,138,000 thalers. Only four members of
the Commission supported the vote.

DRESDEN, AUG. 14.
The Official ,Tournal of to-day contains the follow-
ing telegram from Frankfort-on-the-Main :
"In the sitting of the Federal Diet to-day, the
project for the reform of the Federal Constitution,
which has been introduced, was referred to a special
;committee.

" The representative of Prussia opposed and pro-
tested against the project. He considered una-
nimity upon the question of reform essential, and
did not believe the proposed arrangement would
prove satisfactory. The nation required more.
These were national representation and increased
means of defence.

" The representative of Saxony offered some re-
marks in explanation of the project.
"The Federal Diet then adjourned until the 9th
of Oct2ber."

VIENNA, AUG. 14.

The city is to be illuminated this evening in
honour of the return of the Empress, whose health
is entirely re-established.

BELGRADE, AUG. 14.

A telegram received here to-day states that in
the conference upon the Servian question held yes-
tei day,
, at Constantinople, no result was attained.
The representatives of the different Powers were
unable to agree as to the guarantees to be given by
Turkey to the Servian Government respecting the
fortress of Belgrade.

THE ROYDON HALL IVIuRDER.—The six men in
custody, viz., Joseph Obey, Thomas Stevens, George All-
chin, John Clapson (alias ig Happy Jack, of Sussex") John
Hawker, and Stephen Burgess, were brought up on Wed-
nesday for final examination beforge 3. Savage, Esq., at
the magistrates' office, Town Mailing, charged with night
poaching and the wilful murder of James Gray, head
gamekeeper in the service of Major Cooke, of Roydon
Ilan, East Peckham. There are still two parties concerned
in the affray at large,
but there is little doubt of their
speedy apprehension. All the prisoners admitted having
been present at the affray, but denied having fired the gun,
The prisoners were fully committed on the charge of night
poaching and the manslaughter of James Gray.