The Sun.
London, England, 1865-09-13 00:00:00

its interests and the promotion of its objects. I speak
only the general sentiment when I say that the hon-
our of the presidency is a fitting reward for Mr.
Phillips's services as assistant secretary, and had it
been possible earlier to have spared him from the
latter post he would long since have received the
distinction of the former.
The toast was received with great cordiality.
Professor PHILLIPS, after returning thanks for the
great kindness shown to the Association in that
town, said—Gratitude has, I believe, been defined
by some ingenious inquirer into the mysteries of
human nature as being a strong expression in anti-
cipation of benefits to come. (Laughter.) Well, if
in that sense I use the phrase, it is because, though
this is the third meeting of the British Association
in Birmingham, you may take my word for it —and
I am not loth to say it—this will not be the last.
(Cheers.) Where is there a public object greater or
more useful than the advancement of science ?
Where could we hear and see such a thing better
than in this town of Birmingham ? Why, only put
back the clock 1,000 years, which for a geologist is
nothing. (Laughter.) What do you see then in Bir-
mingham ? Science ? No. Practice ? Yes ; but of
what nature was the practical ? What was the use
of those fellows then coming down from the moun-
tains of Wales and joining with the mighty chiefs of
the kingdom of Mercia to harass the people of Wes-
sex and the people of Northumbria ? You would
have had more trouble in entertaining those people
than even,the trouble you have had in entertaining
the 'Association—(laughter)—but you would not
have had the same reward. (Hear, hear, and
laughter.) What was the reward? Smoking villages,
ruined towns, burned abbeys, and, I am afraid, burnt
ecclesiastics ; while, at the very worst, we only
startle you with the declarations of the immensity,
of the glory of creation, and of the magnificence of
the works of the great God we worship. (Cheers.)
The learned Professor again rose, and proposed
" The Mayor and Corporation of Birmingham,"
warmly acknowledging their kindness and hospi-
tality towards the Association.
The MAYOR having returned thanks,
Mr. ADDERLEY, M.P., gave the next toast, " The
Royal Society," which was cordially received.
Professor MILLER responded.

choleraic diarrhoea."

Sir W. G. ARMSTRONG, in proposing " The
Founders of the British Association," said that that
institution had done much for science ; it had given
to science a social position it did not previously.
possess ; it had bound scientific men in a brother-
hood having a weight, an influence, a power which
combination always conferred. It had given a
force to scientific inquiry, and. had assisted every
scientific investigation requiring pecuniary aid.
They might congratulate, therefore, the surviving
founders of that institution ; he was obliged to
use the word " surviving," he was sorry to
say. He saw many of the original founders in the
room ; but, without further mentioning names, he
would propose " the health of thosefathers of science
to whom they were indebted for founding the insti-
tution under which they were assembled that day."
(Cheers.)
Sir R. MuncarsoN, in responding, said a few of

the founders of the association were still left. He
was one of them, and he thought he had still a little
work left in him. (Cheers.) Afterrecapitulating the
services rendered to the association by many distin-

guished men since its establishment, Sir Roderick
observed in conclusion that it warmed the hearts of

old fellows like himself, whom they might describe
as one of the palozoic order—(laughter)—to have
such a reception as they had met with in the town
of Birmingham. (Cheers.)

Lord HOUGHTON proposed " Our Foreigd Visi-
tors." Ile thought some recognition was due to the
visitors who had come from different parts of the
world to meet at those hospitable tables. He hoped
tLuit those present-woum, ab rutore mem-

again, and at some other tables renew their ac

quaintance, (Cheers.)
Mr. Von DECKEN, of Bohn, responded.
The Rev. C. EVANS proposed the next teas
"The Presidents of Sections."

Mr. SPOTTISWOODE responded, expressing his
pleasure at the excellent arrangement for the recep-
tion of the Association.

Sir J. LUBBOCK proposed " The Local Secretaries
and Treasurer."

Professor CHAMBERLAIN returned thanks, and
said the labours of himself and colleagues had been
much lightened by the cordial and hearty co-opera-
tion of the great mass of the inhabitants of Birming-
ham.

Lord MILTON proposed The Ladies," and the
company broke up.

The Channel Fleet, under the command of Rear
Admiral Sir S. Colpoys Dacres, K.C.8., consisting
of the Edgar (flagship), Capt. Brandreth ; Hector,
Capt. Preedy, C.B. ; Defence, Capt. Phillimore ;
Black Prince, Capt. Lord F. Kerr ; Achilles, Capt.
Vansittart ; and Prince Consort, Capt. Willes, C. 8.,
sailed from Spithead at 4 p.m. yesterday for Bantry
Bay and other ports in Ireland. The fleet left Spit-
head by the east or Nablight channel, all under re-
duced boiler power. The Edgar led with the others
following at equidistant intervals, and in order as
they are named, the Price Consort closing up the
line. Wind, E.S.E., light, with thick banks of fog
setting in on the land from the Channel.

The Research, Capt. Wilmshurst, and the Terrible,
Capt. Napier, remain at Spithead.
Her Majesty's screw-frigate Bristol, 39, 600-horse
power (nominal), fitted for the first division of the
steam reserve in the Medway, is, according to orders
received at Chatham, to be finished with all possible
despatch.

The paddlewheel steamer Virago, 6, 300-horse
power, belonging to the Chatham Steam Reserve,
is to be taken in hand and brought forward for a

four years' commission at sea.

The iron paddlewheel steamer Recruit, 6, 160-
horse power, upon which so many experiments were
recently tried at Chatham with the various descrip-
tions of anti-fouling compositions, all of which were,
more or less, found to be failures, is ordered to be
docked and coated with a covering of the Hay com-
position.

The Prince of Wales's yacht Osborne, Staff Com-
mander D'Arcy, sailed from Woolwich dockyard
yesterday morning, and proceeded to her moorings
at Spithead to await orders.
The sailing transport Barlow, Capt. Bulmer,
chartered by the War Department, was yesterday
made fast inside the Royal Arsenal pier at Wool-
wich, in readiness to ship 700
_tons of stores for
Bermuda, to consist of hutting materials, naval
stores, and provisions.
Commodore Hugh Dunlop, C. 8., superintendent
of Woolwich dockyard, hauled down his flag on
Monday at sunset, and left Woolwich yesterday on
leave of absence for six weeks. The duties of the
yard will be conducted in the interim by Com-

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the senior officers in succession. An additional
number of shipwrights were yesterday ordered to
be taken on to complete the ships under construe-
tion and repair for commission. Notwithstanding
that the batch required was only 30, the number, it
is stated, could not be made up, on acccount of the
briskness of work and the preference for private
yards.

Garrison orders were yesterday issued at Wool-
wich notifying " a march out" to-day, the whole of
the available troops to assemble for that purpose in
command of their respective officers, and to march
by different routes (to be pointed out by the De-
puty Assist.-Quartermaster Gen., Capt. Nangle) to
Dartford-heath. The march to commence at seven
o'clock a.m. and to terminate at 11, when tents will
be pitched, and, after a short interval for rest and

occurred to adults. In Russell-street, Sydenham,
a jobbing gardener, aged 67 years, died of " chole-
raic diarrhoea" after 48 hours' illness. At 2, Col-
ton's-cottages,Neate-street,Camberwell, on the Bth

inst., a gardener's labourer, aged 48 years, died of
" cholera" after 11 hours' illness. At Oxford-
place, New Hatcham, Peckham, a widow died of

The following five fatal accidents were caused by
carriages :---On Sept. 5, a labourer, aged 25, run
over by a waggon ; died in Poplar Hospital. At 1,
Mockford-buildings, Bethnal-green, on August 11,
a cowkeeper, aged 40 years, fell from a waggon.
In Bouverie-street, Paddington, on August 31, the
son of an omnibus driver, aged 8 years, run over by
a van. In Church-street, Deptford, on August 22,
the son of a labourer, aged 2 years, run over by a
cart. On Sept. 5, a labourer, aged 17 years, jammed
by a timber carriage ; died in Guy's Hospital.
A lieutenant in the army died from chloroform,
administered with a view to an operation. A child,
aged one year, died on the 3d inst. from sunstroke.
A horsekeeper died from glanders caught from a
diseased horse.

The rate of mortality last week was 29 per 1,000
in London, 24 in Edinburgh, and 23 in Dublin ; 29
in Liverpool, 31 in Manchester, 35 in Salford, 21
in Birmingham, 32 in Leeds, 20 in Bristol, 26-in
Hull, and 24 in Glasgow.
In Liverpool the births were 407, the deaths 263 ;
in Manchester the births 244, the deaths 211; in
Salford the births 95, the deaths 74 ; in Birming-
ham the births 178, the deaths 135 ; in Leeds the
births 241, the deaths 136 ; in Bristol the births
106, the deaths 62 ; in Hull the births 84, the
deaths 51; in Edinburgh the births 102, the deaths
79 ; in Glasgow the births 273, the deaths 196 ;
and in Dublin the births 152, the deaths 142.
At the Royal Observatory, Gnenwich, the mean
height of the barometer in the week was 29.945 in.
The barometrical pressure rose to 30-07 in. on Sun-
day, and fell to 29.76 in. on Friday. The mean tem-
_neratare of_ the nirmr.asS7A deg.,_ which is no less
than 9.4 deg. above the average of the sam -week in
50 years (as determined by Mr. Glaisher). It was
above the average on every day, and on Friday this
excess was 14.3 deg. The mean temperature on
Friday (72.1) was higher than the mean tempera-
ture of any day as far back as Aug. 12, 1861, when
it was 72.9 deg. ; and the maximum temperature
(86.0 deg.) was higher than the maximum tempera-
ture of any day in the month of Sept. so far back

as authentic records extend, with the sole exception

of Sept. 6, 1846, when the recorded value was 66.4

deg. The difference between the mean dew-point
temperature. and mean air temperature was 7.8 deg.

in tie week ; it was 13.3 on Friday. The mean
degree of humidity of the air was 76, complete sa-

;uration being represented by 100. The general
direction of the wind was south-westerly. No rain
was measured. There was a storm of thunder and
lightning early on Saturday morning, but accom-
Naval and Military Intelligence. parried with little rain.

Sanitary Condition of the. City of London.

Yesterday at the meeting of the City commis-
sioners of sewers, held at Guildhall, Mr. Deputy Do
Jersey in the chair, Dr. Letheby, the medical officer
of health for the City, reported on the state of 529
houses, and of all the lodging-houses in the City,
and he submitted a list of 188 places for sanitary
improvement. He also submitted certificates of the
indecent and unwholesome over-crowding of se-
veral houses, and of the filthy and neglected condi-
tion of the graveyard of St. Mary Mounthaw,
on old Fish-street-hill. He likewise reported that
the houses in Thompson's-court and
Thompson's-
rents were not in a fit state for human occupation.
The houses had become the property of the North
London Railway Company, and pending the time
of their demolition the company bad permitted them
to become a dangerous nuisance. The water butts
were broken, the closets overflowing with filth, the
dust bins out of order, and indeed the whole place
was becoming so unwholesome that fever had begun
to appear in it with unusual severity. Dr. Letheby
therefore urged the necessity for immediate reme-
dies.

Dr. Letheby also reported on the state of the
slaughter-houses and cowsheds of the City. He
stated that in the course of the last seven weeks
there had been a large quantity of diseased and
otherwise unwholesome meat condemned in the
Altogether as much as 89,
City markets.B2llbs.,
or upwards of fprty tons, had been destroyed.
It consisted of 148 sheep, 12 calves, 40 pigs, 849
quarters of beef, and 1,488 joints and pieces of meat,
250 rabbits, 25 hares, and 65 head of game. A large
proportion of this meat was from animals affected
with the prevailing epidemic of contagious typhoid
fever ; and he stated that he should take an early
opportunity of bring before the commission the lead-
ing facts connected with the outbreak and spread of
the disease. He said, however, that the manifesta-
tions of its action within the City of London had
not been severe ; for at the very first appearance of
it in the dairies of London prompt measures were
taken within the City for the exclusion of it from
the cowsheds, the inspectors paid daily visits to them,
and enforced great cleanliness and constant use of
chloride of lime. The result had been that until the
end of last week there had not been a single case of
the disease in any of the 19 cowhouses of the City.
And with the view of carrying out, in the fullest
manner, the Order in Council, Dr. Letheby obtained
from the Lord Mayor the appointment of the two
City inspectors in accordance with the provision of
the last Order. This had given them power of deal-
ing with diseased animals in a summary manner,
and of otherwise acting in checking the spread of
the disease; and he reported that in the exercise of
this power one of the inspectors seized on Thesday
last, the sth inst., at a slaughter-house in Aldgate,
the carcase of a cow which had just been slaughtered
whilst suffering from the prevailing disease. He dis-
infected the hide and destroyed the flesh, and on in-
quiry it appeared the cow had been brought in a
cattle conveyance from a shed in Spitalfields, where
there had been many deaths from the disease, so that
the owner had violated the 3d section of the Order in