The Sun.
London, England, 1862-08-14 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDIY i VEXING, AUGUST 14, Mg.

the recent political changes of the policy of the late
Government, which would, he doubted not, have
received the sanction of the Canadian Legislature,
would have been to increase the duties on tea,
sugar, tobacco, and spirits. They wo I.d also have
proposed the imposition of a stamp d y. The sur-
plus revenue arising from these sources the late
Government would have applied towards the reduc-
tion of the duties on goods imported from the
mother country. The Canadians could have no de-

sire to cripple the trade of Great Britain, because
they knew that the mother country was their best
market. The Canadians had made the St. Lawrence

free, and no charge was made for goods passing

over their magnificent system of canals. The Eng-
lish merchant could thus send his goods as well and

as cheaply to the far-distant city of Chicago as to

New York. At the present moment, when the
adoption of a more stringent tariff than even the

Morrill tariff had closed the Federal States of

America against British goods, it was no slight ad-

vantage to the British merchant and manufacturer
to introduce their goods over so vast a territory as

Canada at the smallest duties consistent with the

maintenance of public credit. The import trade of

Canada with Great Britain amounted to about 30s.

per head, while the imports from the United States
from Great Britain did not exceed 10s. per head. If

Canada became annexed to the United States, the
fiscal measures of the rest of the Union would, no
doubt, be put in force in that country, and would

bring the percentage of British imports down to
the average of the rest of the States. Could it, there-
fore, be said with truth that the loss of British

North America would inflict no injury on the trade
of this country ? He maintained that the loss of

Canada would not only injure the prestige, but also
inflict a blow on the material prosperity of the
mother country. (Hear.) He believed that self-
defence ought to march pari passu with self-go-
vernment, and that the policy to be pursued with
the British North American colonies was develop-
ment, and not separation. This was scarcely the
question of the preservation of n province; but ra-
ther of an empire. (Hear, hear.) He was sure
that separation would entail disaster both on Eng-
land and her colonies. Canada was too weak to
stand alone. The Canadians could not maintain
themselves as a separate Power in the face of the
great armaments of the Northern States, and they
would therefore exchange the beneficent govern-
ment of this country for a share in the disasters that

were now overwhelming that once great and wealthy
country. The Canadians were gratified to see the
warm interest felt by the Association in the Inter-

colonial Railway. Had that railway been in exist
ence six months ago, an enormous sum would have

been saved to this country in the transport of
troops. (Hear.) The proposal of the Duke of
Newcastle was worthy of the most serious consider-
ation on the part of the local Legislatures. His

own opinion was that a confederation of the British

North American colonies would be very useful, not

only as a defenco against foreign foes, but also for

:heir own internal relations. The productions of
,he British North American colonies were almost

the same, and their interests were nearly identical.

It would, therefore, be better that they should form
one great and important confederacy than remain

five or six distinct States. The colonial policy of
the Duke of Newcastle deserved the warmest thanks
of the colonists, and the great interest his Grace had
displayed in the Intercolonial Railway also de-

manded their best acknowledgments. He moved,
" That this meeting desires to record its appre-
ciation of the statesmanlike policy of the Duke of
Newcastle as Colonial Minister, and also its thanks
for the ready assistance he has at all times afforded
to any matter in which the interests of the British
North American colonies are concerned."
Mr. DICKEY seconded the resolution on two
grounds; first, because the Duke of Newcastle
was the only Secretary of State who had ever
visited the colonies in his official capacity ; and,
secondly, because of the great interest which his
Grace had taken in the great colonial question of
the day—the Intercolonial Railway. The weak-
ness of Canada was the opportunity of another
State, and perhaps fewer threats would be heard
of the intention to possess Canada if this railway
were made. He could endorse the statement that
there was no desire in the colonies to evade the
duty of defending themselves against foreign
aggression. When Canada was assailed 25 years
ago, Nova Scotia placed a year's revenue at the dis-
posal of the authorities, and sent almost the whole
of her militia force to beat back the invasion. Nova
Scotia had also supplied in the persons of Sir F.
Williams of Kars and Sir John Inglis soldiers who
would lead the troops of Great Britain to victory.
(Hear, hear.) He thanked the Association for the
interest they had taken in the affairs of Nova
Scotia, and he was satisfied that when the Associ-
ation was properly organized, and when its claims
were submitted to the local Legislatures, it would
receive substantial aid from all the American
colonies. (Hear, hear.)

Mr. B. ROBINSON supported the resolution. He
was not there, he said, to uphold the conduct of the
Legislature of Canada in throwing out the Militia
Bill, because he was one of the sufferers by that
vote. He had supported the Militia Bill because
he had felt that Canada ought to take stronger
measures to protect itself against this American in-
vasion. But those who voted against this measure
were as desirous as those who supported it to
maintain the connexion with the mother coun-

try. The Bill was thrown out because the measure
was too costly, and because it was thought by
the majority that the same result could be attained
with a smaller outlay. It was also argued that the
Northern States were suffering so severely from
their unjust invasion of the South that they were
not at present in the best position to invade Canada.
Another reason given was that the States had al-
ready more territory than they could occupy in
lowa and,Wisconsin, and that it would not pay them
to invade Canada when they could not settle and
occupy their own country. For these and other
considerations the Militia Bill was thrown out, and
not upon any question of loyalty or disloyalty to
the British Crown. Those who voted against the
bill were equally loyal with those who supported it.
He entirely approved of the completion of the Hali-
fax and Quebec Railway. He resided 700 miles
from the line, and therefore was not personally in-
terested in the matter ; but he saw very clearly that
it might be the means of curtailing the military
expenditure of the colony and of saving the expense
of sending out a large body of troops from England.
If in 1776, and again in 1812, the United States in
vain endeavoured to take Canada, the knowledge
that England, by means of the Intercolonial Rail-
way, could pour a large military force into the
colony would still further deter the States from a
similar attempt, and would put a stop to all panics
about American invasion. It was said that the
Canadians_ were too apt to boast of their loyalty to
the Crown and people. They had a right,
seit:vev, to indulge occasionally in the language of
t/sAulation. In 1770 there was a bitter feeling
among the
yet Mr. vr Canadians against the King of England,
Sec retar
Zlik_
0 lin, Mr. Chase (father of the present
Carrollton, e.,,11:
Treasury), and Mr. Carroll, of
their allegiance.B.
`Fred in vain to draw them from
Canadians then were few in
number, yet they
ed a siege of three weeks
in Quebec, recaptured
outral, and beat back the
Americans. In the war ~r
1812-14 the Americans
• led the Canadian
again Inv
we:etZ forsake the English
-iver, again beaten
banner. The Americana
"it, in 1814, they
back, and at the Treaty of
.
of soil in
were unable to keep or maintain a t,
tilrs had
Canada. What their grandfathers, '4
tai fa:.
done the present generation of Cansdia
• crowed
their willingness to do when the affair of th,
met 'ren't
occurred het winter. Rich and poor and,to
shoulder to shoulder in the common determination
to maintain the connection with the Crown and
people of Great Britain. (Applause.) It English
statesmen and the English press would recollect
these events they would not feel disposed to use
harsh words to the people of Canada. (Hear, hear.)
A great future lay Open before Canada. The taxes
which the American Government were forced to
levy in carrying out the insane ides of subduing the
South would have the effect of diverting the tide
Of emigration from the United States to Canada.
European emigrants would see that the Canadians
enjoyed English institutions, and had tried to base

their laws and liberties on those of the mother
country. (Hear.) Among other great works of
improvement he expected to see an overland route
through Canada to the East, and a continuous
stream of British subjects passing from the Atlantic
to the Pacific, and populating the whole territory.
The Duke of Newcastle had always advocated this
scheme which had been foreshadowed by her Ma-
jesty in her Speech two or three Sessions ago. He
thanked the Association in the name of the people
of Canada for advocating and promoting their in-
terests in the present and on other occasions.

Mr. NEIN-MARCH did not rise to oppose the reso-
lution, but thought it would be desirable that the
gentlemen from Canada should tell their country-
men on their return that a painful feeling had been
created in this country by some recent events which
Englishmen found it hard to understand. The In-
tercolonial Railway was, he believed, a necessity,
but there was nothing more certain than that the
Legislative bodies had before them the ultzinatunt
of the English Government as to the amount of as •
sistance which would be given them. That railway
would confer great advantages on both countries,
but, under present circumstances, no body of Eng-
lish capitalists would take the entire burden of
making the line upon themselves. (Hear, hear.)
The resolution was then put and agreed to.
h e Mr.be elvVeidE Rt
h, inat pur
no pd oe
rs i
theng the
newn
tariff
ff
o f resolution,the u n taei
dd
States, a considerable quantity of goods for the
States would pass through Canada—an advantage
which the British merchant would not be slow to
Perceive. If the money required for the proposed
railway wereraisendot obybtthaeinNoit underrthAm 6 o American
6 perpro-
vincesan
n
withthey could a
British guarantee, however, they
cceoutici obtain it at 31 per cent. The North Ame-
rican colonies would never have a better oppor-
tunity of obtaining this railway than that now
held out to them, and he trusted they would
avail themselves of it. He regretted to hear it said
that England would not defend Canada if the latter
were attacked, because that was an encouragement
to certain parties in the United States to endeavour
to annex Canada. (Hear.) He moved—
" That the gentlemen now present have pleasure
in recording their appreciation of the valuable ser-
vices which have been already rendered to their
interests by this Association, and they ple lge them-
selves to promote in their several provinces the
objects contemplated by its operations."
Mr. BOYD, in seconding the resolution, said that
the citizens of St. John's had expended £2,000 in
providing barracks for the 6,000 British troops
which arrived there in the winter, and in giving
them a series of receptions and military entertain-
ments which were unparalleled in the history of
the British army. (Hear, hear.) The Legislature
of New Brunswick had passed a Militia Bill, but
had still more amply provided by a Volunteer force
for the defence of the colony.

The resolution was carried.
Mr. G. F. YOUNG said that the individual senti-
ments of the speakers had been expressed in regard
to the feeling between the mother country and the
colonies, but that a collective expression of opinion
on the part of the meeting seemed desirable. He
therefore moved—

" That this meeting is firmly convinced that the
almost universal desire of the British public is
to strengthen the bonds which unite the
British empire with its North American
colonies : and that, relying with confidence on
the reciprocal disposition of the inhabitants of
of these colonies to cultivate the most friendly re-
lations with the mother country, it is of opinion
that, while it is equally the duty and the interests
of the colonies to devote their utmost energies to
the maintenance of their independence from all
foreign interference, it is equally incumbent on
Great Britain to render every reasonable assistance
in furtherance of their patriotic efforts."
Mr. H. SEYMOUR, M.P., seconded the resolution,
which was carried unanimously after a few words
from Mr. J. CHAI'MAN.

The proceedings terminated with the usual vote
of thanks to the chair, which was proposed by Mr.
SCHOLEFIELD7 M.P., seconded by Mr. E. WATKIN,
and carried by acclamation.

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.

LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN.

The report of the directors, to be submitted to I
the half-yearly meeting, on the 22d inst., states that
the continued depression of trade in the manufac-
turing districts of Lancashire and Staffordshire,
consequent upon the civil war in America, has af-
fected, in a marked degree, the traffic of this com-
pany in those districts. In addition, also, to the
direct loss, arising from diminished importation of
cotton and export of manufactured articles, the re-
ceipts have suffered from the reduction of expendi-
ture generally on the part of the people which ine-
vitably accompanies continued restriction of trade.
The receipts from the merchandise traffic of Man-
chester alone with Liverpool and London, are
£16,000 less than during the corresponding period
of 1861. In the districts not so immediately de-
pendent upon the state of trade with America, the
traffic continues to show satisfactory results. The
directors have used their best efforts to conduct the
traffic under its varying conditions, in the most
economical manner. Considerable saving has been
effected under various heads of working expenses,
and the train mileage run during the halcycar,
compared with the corresponding period of last
year, has been reduced 560,371 miles. The direc-
tors hope to obtain increased despatch in the collec-
tion and forwarding of parcels and goods traffic,
through the means of the Pneumatic Despatch
Company, which proposes to lay tubes from the
Camden and Euston Stations to several points in
London. The number of passengers, and tons of
goods carried, and of train miles run, during the
half-year, and the increase or decrease as compared
with the corresponding period of 1861, is as fol-
lows :—Passengers, 6,636,525, increase 24,677 ;
goods and minerals, 3,984,240 tons, decrease 250,757
tons ; mileage of passenger trains, 3,798,183 miles,
decrease 137,014 miles; mileage of goods and mi-
neral trains, 3,506,872 miles, decrease 423,357 miles.
The Sutton Coldfield Branch, five miles, was opened
for public traffic on the 2d of June. The line
' from Bedford to Cambridge, 30 miles, was
opened for passenger traffic on the 7th of July,
and for merchandise traffic on the Ist of August.
The line from Denbigh to Ruthin, GI miles, was
opened for public traffic on the Ist March, 1862.
The West London Railway, hitherto used only for
mineral traffic, has been completed as a double line,
and was opened on the 2d June for passenger traffic
from Willesden to the new station at Kensington,
where extensive accommodation has been provided.
It has already been used with advantage by large
numbers visiting the International Exhibition ; and
your directors anticipate that, when the through
communication is opened by the West London Ex-
tension over the Thames, the Kensington station
will become one of great importance. The directors
request votes of the proprietors for the following
new works :—lmprovement at Victoria Station,
Manchester,Llo,ooo ; engine watering apparatus at
Roade, £2,750; telegraph—Bedford and Bletchlcy,
and:Crewe and Wolverton, £1,600; additional ac-
commodation at Coalport, Camden, Crewe, Huyton,
Stockport, Wigan, and Tamworth, £3,045; addi-

tional lands at Crewe, Alderley, and Stockport,
£5,145. Chester and Holyhead Line ;—lmprove-
ment of North Wall Station, Dublin, £5,000 ; ad-
ditional goods berths at Holyhead, &c., £3,760.
Lancaster and Carlisle Line :—Sidings at Preston
Cattle Market, 11,000; total, £32,150 Os. 3d. A
statement of the half-year's accounts shows that the
net proceeds (inclueing the balance carried from
last account) amount to £485,067125. 4d. as against
1.374e9a1r,5a11 12s. 2d. ; dividend recommended,
t"1,009 Os. 4d. as against £479,614 14s. 4d. ;
as against
to be carried to next account, £4,058 12s.
recom-
mend 111,898 17s. 10d. The directors recom-
:
flicrent of a dividend for the past half-
carryingthe rate of 31 per cent. per annum,
-ward a balance of £4,058125.

N 011 TR EASTERN.
The directors
stlttßiltahteir report that the traffic
of this company, like
been considerably affecteVb;ther the companies'
has
in trade 'RI ht,,, continued de.
Preo.oll
Prevaiiero. in the

manufacturing distrits generally, and especially
in Lancashire. Conpared with the corresponding
period of last year, tie decrease in the goods and
mineral department amounts to £72,117. In the
passenger departmeit the diminution is only
£3,158, which is les than might have been ex-
pected. The workig expenses show a decrease
of £26,378, which hs been principally in the loco-
motive and engineerog departments, and is owing
to the reduced train mileage run. The gross re-
ceipts for the half yar ending June 30 amounted
to £915,276, and foithe corresponding half of 1861
to £990,372, showig a decrease of £75,096 ; the
working expenses; (!e., amounted for the past half
year to £411,937 aginst £438,315, showing a de-
crease of £26,378. Ile net receipts, including the
Alalton lines, amounted to £503,339 for the past
half year, and to J 552,057 for the corresponding
period, showing a d crease of £48,718. The balance
available for dividend on the Berwick section is
£157,386, and on tle Thirsk and Malton account,
£1,670; on the YOK section, £49,888, and on the
Leeds section £13,81. The directors recommend
that out of these altos a dividend on the Berwick
ordinary stock be declared at the rate of 4 per
cent. per annum, leiving £2,702, on the Thirsk and
Malton stock at the rate of 4 per cent. per annum,
leaving £670 ; on the York ordinary stock at the
rate of 3 per cent. )er annum, leaving £1,603 ; and
on the Leeds ordinary stock at the rate of £1 17s. 6d.
per cent. per annum, leaving £ll4 for the next
account. The directors congratulate the proprie-
tors on the passing of the act for amalgamating the
Newcastle and Carlisle Company with this com-
pany. The separate account of the Carlisle Com-
pany shows a disposable balance of £38,800, out
of which the direcbrs recommend a dividend at the
rate of 6 per cent. per annum, leaving, after other
deductions, a balance of £2,650. The act for amal-
gamating the Hull and Holderness Company with
this company has also received the royal assent, and
the Holderness shares are to be converted into
North-Eastern 4 per cent. stock. The directors re-
commend the proprietors to create 11,000,000 of
stock for new works by the issue of 4.-!-;, per cent.
preference shares, redeemable any time after the
expiration of five years from the date of issue, on
six months' notice being given to the holders.

aged man, having the appearance of a fisherman,
quickly made his appearance in the witness-box,
amid a roar of laughter from the persons in the
court.
Mr. Hawkins then put in a certificate, from which
it appeared that Mary Ann Procter, spinster, was
married to Richard Rolling at the parish church of
St. Margaret, King's Lynn, Norfolk, on the 17th
December, 1835.
Mr. Hawkins then addressed the witness—l be-
lieve your name is Richard Rolling, and that you
were married in the year 1835 at King's Lynn to a
person named Mary Ann Procter ?
Witness—Yes.

Mr. Hawkins—ln a blue coat ? (Laughter.)
Witness—Yes.
Mr. Hawkins said this was all he proposed to
prove with regard to the first marriage.
Mr. Denman submitted that it was not sufficient,
and that the identity of the parties was not esta-
blished. It was a most shabby defence, and he felt
it his duty to defeat it if it was possible.
Baron Bramwell said he agreed with the learned
counsel that the defence was a shabby one, but at
the same time he thought there could not be any
doubt that the plaintiff was married in 1835 to the
man who had that day made his appearance.

_
Rolling was then cross-examined by Mr. Denman.
He said thet the person to whom he was married did
not go away from him on the day of the ceremony,
but lived with him four or five days. He also said
that Roiling and Procter were both common names
at King's Lynn, and there were a good many of
them still living there. His wife went away from
him shortly after the marriage, and he never made
any inquiry after her, or endeavoured to ascertain
what had become of her. (A laugh.)
Baron Bramwell—Well, you have seen the per-
son who has been examined to-day. Is she your
wife, to whom you ware married in 1835 ?
Witness—l caught a glimpse of her, and lam
pretty sure she is my wife. (Laughter.)
Mr. Denman—Will you swear positively that
she is the woman to whom you were married ?
Witness—No, I will not ; but I believe she is

(Renewed laughter.)
Mr. Denman then addressed the jury for the plain-
tiff, and said that, notwithstanding the evidence,
he should ask them to say that the marriage of
1835 had not been proved, or that, at all events, it
was not established beyond the possibility of doubt
that the man Rolling and the plaintiff were the
persons who were so married. It was proved that
there was a number of persons of the same name at
King's Lynn, and with regard to one portion of
the evidence given by Rolling, that the person to
whom he was married lived with him several days
after the marriage, whereas the plaintiff swore that
she left her husband the same night, it was an im-
portant contradiction ; and he submitted that,
under all the circumstances, the jury would be
justified in coming to the conclusion that it had not
been established that the plaintiff was married to
Rolling in the year 1835. He then observed that
this man was sprung upon.them at the last moment,
and they had not had the least opportunity of
making any inquiries about him, and he urged that
a person who could put forward such a shabby de-
fence as this was very likely to produce the certifi-
cate of marriage of other persons in order to sup-
port it.
Mr. Baron Bramwell, in summing up, said that
Mr. Denman had done quite right in pressing his
view of the case upon the jury; but after all the
only question for them to consider was whether
the plaintiff was married in the year 1835 to the
man who had that day come forward and claimed
her for his wife. The defence was undoubtedly a
shabby one, but, shabby as it was, that was no
ground, and it would be a very lamentable thing if
it were allowed to be so, to justify them in return-
ing a verdict contrary to the evidence and to the
dictates of their own conscience.
The Jury, after deliberating a short time, said
they were of opinion that the marriage had been
proved, and they then returned a verdict for the
defendant upon the plea of overture.
VERNON V. RHYS. _ _

Sergeant Ballantine and Mr. Laxton were for the
plaintiff; and Mr. G. Francis and Mr. Hugh
Williams for the defendant.
The plaintiff in this action sought to recover from
the defendant, Captain Horton Rhys, the manager
or lessee of Sadler's Wells Theatre, damages for the
breach of an engagement that he had entered into
with him for his professional services at that theatre
during the present season. It appeared that in the
month of April the plaintiff had an interview with
Miss Catherine Lucette, the directress of the
theatre, at the office of Mr. Dudley, who acted as
the agent of Captain Rhys, in Agar-street, and that
an engagement was entered into with him for six
months as " first walking gentleman," and he was
to receive a salary of £2 per week, the agreement
stating that the engagement was to be subject to
the rules and regulations of the theatre. The plain-
tiff, it appeared, was never called upon to perform,
but at the end of a fortnight he received a fort-
night's notice that his services would not be required
at the expiration of that period, and the present
action was brought to recover the residue of the
engagement.
For the defendant it was contended that accord-
ing to "the rules and regulations of the theatre, it
was customary, although an engagement might be
made for the period of six months, still it was usual
to terminate it by giving a fortnight's notice, but
there was no evidence that, any such rule had ever
been brought to the notice of the plaintiff, or, in-
deed, that such a rule was in existence at the time
the engagement was entered into with defendant.
The jury found a verdict for the plaintiff—da-
mages £4B.
_ _ _