The Sun.
London, England, 1865-07-24 00:00:00

MR. GLADSTONE'S SECOND ADDRESS.

After leaving the hustings Mr. Gladstone went to the
Legh Arms Hotel, whore he was presented with an address
by the printers in the employ of Messrs. M'Corquodale and
Co.

Mr. GLADSTONE, in accepting the address, said—Mr. Ball,
Mr. Palmer, and gentlemen, I am very thankful that the
arrangements of to-day have been mdde, and likewise that
the indulgence of the great meeting out of doors was so
great as to leave me a little fragment of time and a little
fragment of voice to receive the remarkable address which
has just been presented to me. (Cheers.) I must first of
all refer to the closing words of that address, which are very
affecting words. I do not think it unseemly to introduce
them on occasions of this description. We do not meet
very often—it is not a matter of everyday occurrence. My
time and pursuits of life aro of such a nature as only on
rare occasions to permit me to come in contact with the
great bodies of my fellow-countrymen, in consequence of
the absorbing nature of the public business in the present
age, and therefore I do most cordially thank you—(cheers
—for the high source to which you have referred in this
address as the only source of good. The labours that wo
do in this life, how little they are ! How much cause we
have to be ashamed in looking back upon them that they
were not better ; and how deeply convinced we must all
feel from the marks which it has pleased Providence to
impress upon our daily experience, that this, for us all, old
and young alike, is but a school where wo are to learn our
lesson, and that there is a place beyond the grave where it
will be proved whether we have learnt it, or whether we
have not. (Hear.) Well now, gentlemen, passing from
that subject, that solemn subject, I cannot help referring
particularly to two of the phrases which I find in this ad-
dress. You kindly give me credit for "a pure and honest
wish to do good for the moral and social improvement and
elevation of the working classes in this great nation, as
well as acting justly and consistently to all those in a
higher sphere of life." (Cheers.) Now, gentlemen, I can-
not say that this sentiment, coming from you—lam now
addressing you as an assembly of working men, and I pre-
sume that most of you correspond to that .description—
(hear)—l cannot say that receiving that declaration from
you in the slightest degree surprises me. (Cheers.) On
the contrary, it is in thorough conformity with what. I hoar
from the working classes whenever 1 am placed in contact
with them in all parts of the country. (Renewed cheers.)
They are just as sensible as anyone can be, and I trust and
believe they will always remain so, that what is called
mere levelling, that is to say, pulling down what is above
us, is a mistaken and abominable doctrine—(loud cheers)—

which never really implies a genuine and earnest desire to
lift up what is below us. (No, and cheers.) But the work-
ing men of this country, the working artisans of this coun-
try, have many who are below them as well as many who
are above them. You know that society is, as you have
gone on to describe it, like a well built, well ordered fabric.
Many stones, many timbers, many doors, many windows,
many parts and portions of that fabric, all having their
separate offices, some of them larger, and some smaller,
but all built and framed by the mind of the builder to servo
one common purpose; and that if you are to suppose the
good is to be done by bestowing unjust and exceptional
favour upon some one portion of that building, or upon
some one class or clique in society, it. is the ruin of the
whole. (Cheers.) It is not to the benefit of that class. The
interest of every class is to have justice done to all. (Loud
applause.) Gentlemen, that is the test to which lam sure
you are disposed, and to which I am sure you will always
determine to bring the deeds of the public men of this
country. (Cheers.). Well, then, gentlemen, you go on to
say that the public man ought to bo regarded as an archi-
tect. That is the best answer to give to any who suppose
that the profession of popular principles makes a man liable
to be called a destructive. Certainly, gentlemen, an archi-
tect is not a destructive—(cheers)—and a destructive is not
an architect. An architect may find it his duty, as you go
on to point out, to pull down what is old—not because it is
old, not a bit. if it is the fine old architecture of the best
times, he reveres it the more because it is old; and the
good architect you will often find passionate in his admi-
ration of what is old, provided it is good as well as old.
But if it has become worthless as well as old, and if, being
worthless, it attempts to shelter itself under the pretext
of its being old, then the architect says :—" No, I can-
not listen to that. I must pull you down," and
so ho pulls down that which is old if it is worthless.
(Cheers.) But why does he pull it down? Not for
the purpose of pulling down, but for the sake of building up

that which is bettor in its place. (Cheers) Building up is
the business of the politician, the business of the Minister,
the business of the member of Parliament, my business as a
knight of the shire, now that I have been elected a member
for the southern division of the county of Lancaster—
(cheers)--your business as citizens, your business as elec-
tors, your business in every opinion you give on public
affairs. (Cheers.) There have been countries, unhappily,
where destruction would, from the course of affairs having
gone wrong and obstinately awry—and such perhaps was
the state of France before what was known as the Great
Revolution—where a great sweeping work of destruction
was necessary almost, perhaps absolutely necessary, before
any good could be done, where the defects and disease had
been incurable. This is not our case. Our business is chiefly
to build. I admit, it is to repair ; but, besides repairing, it
is to extend—it is to raise higher up—it is to spread wider
and wider. This is the nature of the function to which
public men in England are called. It is a happy duty,
gentlemen. They are supported in it by the indulgent
favour of their countrymen. I will say that nothing has
struck me more in the course of a long public life than the
general fairness—aye, the more than fairness, the ordinary
and usual generosity of the judgments that are passed, not
by one class or by another class, but by the whole commu-
nity, on the character and conduct of public men. lam
certain of this, that if sometimes it has happened to me to
think that in one or another particular I was unjustly con-
demned, the occasions have been ten times more numerous
when I have felt that I was unjustly and excessively
praised, and far in advance of what I deserved. Well, gen-
tlemen, this is the work that has been before us, and I
now cannot help saying one word to you upon your parti-
cular duty and business. (Hear, hear.) It is one in which
I feel a special interest. Ono of the sharpest passages in
my political life—perhaps I ought to say the sharpest of
them all—was that which was connected with the repeal of,
that paper duty in 1860-1. I know not how it was, but
that was a period when many friends seemed to become
lukewarm—many who said before, at least, that they were
friends, seemed to become lukewarm—and when opponents
seemed to become more confident ; I assure you it was com-
mon to mo to sit in the House of Commons and not only to
hear myself called rash, reckless, and profligate for sacri-
ficing uselessly the revenues of the country, but to hear it
said that the paper duty did no harm to anybody, restricted
no trade, was no burden upon commerce, that the addi-
tional dearness of paper could not have any effect of a sen-
sible description, and in fact, gentlemen, I must use a
strong word, all the trash and all the nonsense which, if it
had been good for anything, was perfectly good against the
repeal of the corn laws, against tho repeal of the naviga-
tion laws, against the repeal of the soap duties, against
every good measure which has been carried of that kind—
, the whole of this trash came out reburnished andtdone up
again against the repeal of the paper duty. (Laughter and
cheers.) And now, gentlemen, what have we seen ? Why,
we have seen, and I now acknowledge it with thankfulness
in the face of God and man, that the repeal of the paper duty
has been a greater blessing oven than lanticipated. (Hoar.)
I did gentlemen, to the best of my ability, fight a hard battle
for its repeal, (Hear, hear, and cheers.) And I find now
that not only in its repeal was there involved the liberation
of a groat branch of trade—a branch of trade which is
already great, and which, I believe will, from year to year,
become much greater; but there was involved a seed of '
social and moral good that has sprung up with rapidity,
and a harvest, such as, I confess, I had hardly been san-
guine enough to anticipate. We said to-day, on the hust-
jugs, that Liberal policy was Conservative. Look at the
daily Penny Press. What is the daily Penny Press ? The
daily Penny Press is an organ that finds its way into the
house of the working man—(hoar, hear)—keeps him faith-
fully informed without the least disparagement to other
classes—for the daily Penny Press is not destructive nor
licentious more than any other Press, if possible, it is loss
—and, keeps the working man daily informed of all the
current public transactions. (Loud cheers.) Why, what
is that, but creating a new interest in the mind of the
working man—an interest which is refreshed from day to.
day ? What is that but making him feel that he has become,
in a new sense, a citizen of his country—that his country
owns, in a new manner, his share in public affairs ? lie
feels it—his bosom enlarges with the sense of it ; and in
that bosom, so enlarged, there is a continual growth and
increase of love and attachment to his country, to the
Queen, and to the institutions of his country. (Loud
cheers.)
Naval and Military Intelligence.

The iron screw steamship Achilles, 26, Captain E.
W. Vansittart, the iron-cased screw steamship
Prince Consort, 35, Capt. George 0. Wines, C. 8.,
the screw steam frigate Constance, • 39, Captain
Edward K. Barnard, and the iron-cased cupola ship
Royal Sovereign, 5, Capt. Frederick A. Herbert,
left Plymouth Sound on Saturday evening for
Portland.
The Turkish frigate Osman Ghazy, Capt. Arib
Bey, which arrived in Plymouth Sound from
Greenock on Friday, is appointed to go into
Hamoaze to-morrow to receive her armament. One
of her Armstrong guns, sent by the South Devon
Railway, weighs 12 tons. The Turkish Ambassa-
dor, M. Musurus, is expected at Plymouth to inspect
the frigate.
The Austrian screw steam frigate Frederick, Capt.
Whiplinger, which has been at Plymouth in conse-
quence of the Exhibition of the Royal Agricultural
Society, was under orders on Saturday to leave the
Sound for Cherbourg.

The French ship of war Magenta, Capt.. Lebris,
the frigate La Flandre, Capt. Bachine, and the gun-
boat Ariel, Commander Poirier d'llauterive, which
have also been at Plymouth during the last week in
consequence of the Exhibition, left the Sound 'by
the Eastern Channel on Saturday evening for
Cherbourg.
The Octavia, 35, screw frigate, Capt. Charles F.
Hillyar, received orders early on Saturday morning,
to sail from Spithead, in company with the screw
frigate Liverpool, 35, Capt. Rowley Lambert, for
Torbay, the rendezvous of the experimental squad-
ron of frigates ordered to assemble there, and after-
wards proceed on a trial of their machinery, under
the command of Captain Hillyar. Previous to
leaving Spithead, however, the officials at Portsmouth
were directed to take the Octavia over the measured
mile in;Stokes Bay, with half boiler-power, and add
the results to their report on the ship's trial with full
boiler-power made on the previous day, a report of
which was given in The Sun of Saturday. The ship
was accordingly, as early as the tide served, taken
from Spithead and given four runs over the mile,
the mean of the four runs giving the ship a speeci•of
7.754 knots; maximum revolutions of the engines,
41; minimum revolutions, 40. Immediately after
the trial was concluded, and the officials had
been disembarked, the Octavia steamed out to the
southward on her way to Torbay, the Liverpool at
the same time beating out under all plain sail, with
the wind moderately light from S.S.W. South of
the Isle of Wight the Octavia lifted her screw, and,
setting her canvas, joined the Liverpoolin a friendly
trial of sailing qualities down Channel. The Oc-
tavia's. indicated horse-power on her full-boiler
power trial of Friday, as worked out from her in-
dicator diagrams, was 2363-76, or nearly five times

_ ~--c_.c::: i• . ,--s;')---,
the nominal power of the enginesX°:,The Mgrdee'ot
expansion as shown on the same dihka*--was car- ,L,
tied out to a very unusual extent. At the. greatest -J3
amount of steam on the full boiler-power trials
steam was cut off at one-third stroke. In the half
boiler-power trial on SaturClay steam was cut off
between one-fifth and one-eighth stroke. The ge-
neral working of the ship's machinery was in the
highest degree satisfactory. It was the general opi-
nion of the officers conducting and witnessing the
trial that no two-cylinder engines in any of her Ma-
jesty's ships ever passed the centre so noiselessly
and uniformly as the three-throw cylinders of the
Octavia have done throughout their trial. if any
fault can be found with the boilers, it is that they
are rather too small for the engines. The addition
of another furnace on each side of the stoke-hole
would have been ample for all emergencies, and if
the Messrs. Maudslay were now to build a similar
set of engines and boilers they would no doubt give
this additional space. In fact, in their endeavours
to meet one of the requirements sought for with the
new engines—a reduction of boiler space—the boun-
dary line appears to have been just, yet only just,
stepped over, and rather too little has been given, as
we have already said, for the engines' wants under
ftcoreuiarrlt-foot
ufa
ionosteirsceumstances. 'While speaking of the speed
of the ship and the performance of her machinery it
is necessary, perhaps, also to observe that the coals
supplied to the ship for her trial were of the com-
monest description. • It is usual on all similar trials
ofany
importance to send on board specially for the
sufficient n_t
but
in quantitythe ofea
sthe o
fcoal
the
Octavia known as
thisth e
Royal
was not
theis, theheipixeponeed's Aberdare
seam
)nlniaesasannuroyteddomnilee,
thismo fstacptroobfatbhleyeofrmmomonsoemstedoevscerrsipitighotn.
of fuel being burnt in t - in lieu of the best
kind, as is the rule, sh overlooked. The
machinery of the Octavia, thusa, and Constance
now about to enter upon their competitive trial, was
designed and supplied by the firms of Maudslay and
If.
Co., Penn and Sons, and Randolph and Elder, and,
being built for special purposes, the engines have in
all three instances special appliances. One remark,
therefore, will apply in a degree to all, and in its
truth possibly all three firms will concur. Marine
engines cannot be too simple in all their parts, and
the fewer the details the better for their efficiency.
By a typographical error, the time occupied by the
Octavia in steaming over the measured mile in her
full boiler-power trial was given in the report of the
trial in The Sun of Saturday in hours and minutes.
It should have been given in minutes and seconds.
On Saturday the chartered East Indiaman Mala-
bar, which has been taken by the Indian Council for
the conveyance of detachments of various cavalry
and infantry corps to India, embarked the following
troops from Government quay, Gravesend, for Kitt.-
rachee, under the direction of Brigade Major W.
Congreve and the officers of the staff from Chatham
garrison, viz., one staff-sergeant, three men, two
women, and one child of the 7th Queen's Own
Hussars, from the cavalry depot, Canterbury ; and
bandmaster and wife and one musician of the 7th
Fusiliers, from Kneller-hall ; 54 non-commissioned
officers and men, five women, and four children of
the Ist Battalion 7th Royal Fusiliers, from the 6th
depot battalion, Walmer ; one bandmaster of the
12th Regiment, from Kneller-hall ; 111 non-com-
missioned officers and men, seven women, and four
children of the Ist Battalion 19th Regiment, from

the 3d depot battalion, Chatham ; 49 men of all
ranks, four women, and five children of the 35th
Regiment, and 31 non-commissioned officers and
privates, two women, and four children of the 94th
Regiment, from the Ist depot battalion, Chatham ;
54 non-commissioned officers and men, five women,
and one child of the 38th Regiment, from the Bth
depot battalion, Colchester ; 35 men, three women,
and five children of the 82d Prince of Wales's
Volunteers, from the 4th depot battalion, Colches-
ter; and 103 non-commissioned officers and privates,
one officer's wife and servant, 10 women, and six
children of the 93d Sutherland llighlanders, from
Stirling ; with one subaltern of the Rifle Brigade,
from Winchester. The following officers embarked
with the detachments :—Captain Edward Tedlie,
35th Regiment ; Capt. J. Murray, 94th Regiment ;
Lieut. Ogden,, 55th Regiment, in charge of the
draught of the 38th Regiment, from Preston; Ensign
F. W. Douglass, Ist Battalion 7th Royal Fusiliers ;
Ensign J. Jameson, Ist Battalion 19th Regiment ;
Ensign L. J. Cann], 82d Regiment ; Ensign W.
B. M'Kechnie, 93d Highlanders ; Ensign 11. St.
Paul, 3d Battalion Rifle Brigade ; and Assist. Staff-
Surg. Smith, from Netley Hospital, in medical
charge. The Malabar, which was inspected prior
to the embarcation of the troops by Major-General
Sir Robert Walpole, K.C.8., and staff, is fitted up
with every requisite for the convenience and comfort
of the officers and troops during the voyage. -She
left the Thames yesterday.
The Ist Royal Dragoons, now stationed at Alder-
shot, are under orders to hold themselves in readi-
ness to move from that station early in the ensuing
month, when the head-quarters and four troops will
proceed to Brighton, and four troops to Shorncliff.
The Ist battalion Grenadier Guards will leave Alder-
shot for London on the 31st inst. The regiment
willamove by route march, encamping on the 31st at

Bagshot-heath, and at Hounslow on the following
day. The Ist battalion will be replaced at Aldershot
by the 3d battation of the same regiment from the
Tower, proceeding to its destination by route march,
and taking over the camp equipage from the Ist
battalion on its way. The Ist battalion 14th Regi-
ment
-f qmiunoaur
tthe r, s readinessannddolnt
o
afils u
rlioemsndAwelirdlloorsrpdirleoorste.e
etaorr hhtoooldhrietoasrdetla
any to Tipner. The regiment will move by
e
company
ppe
route march, encamping the first night at Woolmer.
squadron of the S
held in readiness to move from Aldershot
Greysto Aia
oi
chester, and will probably proceed to its destination
th-day. The 62d Regiment is under orders to move
from Aldershot to Devonport and Pembroke. The
detachment for the latter place is likely to move to-
day, to furnish a guard of honour at Tenby on the
2d of August. The remainder of the regiment will
proceed to their destination at 7 a.m. on Thursday.
On the termination of the Aldershot Camp Races on
Thursday a grand ball took place at the Club-house.
The whole of the troops at Aldershot, under the
command of Lieut.-Gen. Sir John Pennefather,
K.C.8., turned out for a field-day shortly after 8
o'clock on Wednesday morning. Field-Marshal
the Duke of Cambridge arrived soon after the
troops were in position, and put them through a
variety of manoeuvres, which were performed with
the utmost regularity, steadiness, and precision. The
troops afterwards marched past, the infantry in
quarter-distance column in quick time, the Royal
Horse Artillery and cavalry in open column of bat-
teries and squadrons at a trot, and the Royal En-
gineer Train in column of sections at a walk, As the
regiments successively passed the saluting base the
Duke called the commanding officers to his side and
complimented them upon the satisfactory appearance
and efficient condition of their respective commands.
On Tuesday morning the 3d Infantry Brigade, at
Aldershot, was formed into three sides of a square
on C parade, and the following non-commissioned
officers and privates of the 85th Regiment were pre-
sented with medals and gratuities for long service
and good conduct :—Colour-Sergeant W. Hall, Ser-
geant R. Taylor, Sergeant P. Kiwis Corporal G.
Whitrow, and Private M. llenderson.
Tlle following
in appointments:—utavebeenthmeaLdievear..
at
the Admiralty
; Lieut. Albert Whish to the St. George ; Lieut.
ge E h. Kay to
Clavell W. S. Blount to the Pembroke, for service in
idn Albert
the Coastguard ; Lieut. Edward hicks to the Black
Prince ; John N. Stone, acting assist-surg., and
Donald M'lver, assist.-sure., to the Victory, for
Ilaslar Hospital ; T. 11. Gribbell, assist-paymaster
in charge, to the Jackal ; W. A. Dungerfield, assist.
paymaster, to the Constance; George G. 11P wen,
Charles W. Johnstone, and 0. J. Menzie, masters'
assistants, to the Arethusa ; Andrew J. de Visme,
Ben. J. Sims, and John W. Brown, masters' as-
sistants, to the Constance ; Gabriel Swainson, A.
E. Tregashis and Francis A. Symes, masters'assist-
ants, to the Octavia ; John B. James, engineer, to
the Cumberland for the Griffin ; Walter Thomas
Fry, engineer, to the Asia, for the Cruiser; James
B. Scarletts, Ist class assist.-engineer, to the Gannet.

HOUSES.—Messrs. TOPLIS and ROBERTS
hive numerous furnished and unfurnished TOWN,
Suburban, and Country RESIDENCES to LET or SELL.
Pardcuiars forwarded for three stamps, upon stating exact
requirements and rental. Offices, 0, Conduit-street, Regent-
street, and South Kensington, facing the Museum.

SOUTII KENSINGTON, HYDE-PARK,
Queen's, and Rutland Gates, Queen's-gate and Peters-
ham Terraces, Queen's-gate, Cornwall, and Ptinces Gardens,
Elv tston- place, Cromwell-road, Onslow and Thurloe Squares,
Bolt' ns. &c. rtle,firs TOPLI i and ROBE ItTS have
ENCES to SELL and LET in these and surrounding
localities. Offices, 2, Conduit-street, Regent-street, and
South Kensington, facing the Museum.

NE w THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.-
Proprie or and Manager. Mr. B. Webster.
THIS EVENING, '1 II itOUG II FII:E AND WATER.
Muss; a J L. Toole, R. Phillips, Rillington, Ash ey ; 3lrs. A.
Mclon (Miss Woolgar;, and Miss H. 511111113.
Ater wpieh, at O. SOLON SHINGLE Solon, 37r. John
E. Or, ei.s ; supp,rted by M. sax's. R. i 11 1 iPg. Billington,
Steph,nson, Ashley. Eburne ; bars. 11. Lewis, &c.
'Jo conclude with A PAS DE FASCINA NON. Miss
Furtado, her first appearance ; and Mr. J. L. T 001...
Commence at 7.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining.
THIS EVENING. a new Farce, by Mr. David Fisher,
entitled HEART-STRINGS AND FIDDLE-STRINGS.
After which, ARRATI NA VOGUE Messrs. Dion Bonet-
eault, J. Brougham, 11. Vandephoff. 1). Fisher, I). Murray;
Mrs. Boucicault and Miss oL Oliver.
To conclude with AN AMPLE APOLOGY.
Commence at 7.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manageress. Mrs. Swanborough.

THIS EVENING, at 7, THE BE VTEIL HALF. Mr.
Porselie; ➢Liss Johnstone.

Alter which, WINDSOR CASTLE. Messrs. Stoyle
Thorne, James, Panto,. ; Mesdames Swanborough, Itayn-
ham, Simpson, Ho t, Hughes, Weston, aad the Misses
(iunniss.

To be followed by SAM'S ARRIVAL. Mr. Belford; Miss
Thorns.

THE LAST EDITION OF ,4 THE SUN,"
Containing the Latest SPOILTII.II4 INTEL.L.WEL,C
On be had Every Evening of

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Na 4. Connaught-terracr, Hyde-park.

11E LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN "
supplied, as soon as published every Evening by
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Old Cavendish-greet, Oxford-street.

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supplied as soon as Published, containing all the
LA PEST' NEWS awl SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, by
J. W. HARRIS, Newspaper Agent, 4, Blacktriars-road,
London, S.

THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN."
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generally that he supplies the LATEST EIIITIoN of
" THE SUN " as soon as published —No. 16, Hampstead-
road, N.W.

TEETH AND PAINLESS DENTISTRY.-
Messrs. LEWIN and SIMEON MOSELY and EONS,
30, Berners-street, Oxford-street, and 418, Strand, opposite
(;haring-cross Railway Station. Established 1830. Artificial
Teeth made with their patented advantages are fitted with-
cut the least inconvenience, however tender the mouth, sup-
porting and strengthening loose and sensitive teeth until
they become useful in mastication. Their resemblance to
nature is perfect and undetectable, and they are guaranteed
for all purposes of mastication and articulation. Operations
of every kind being unnecessary, the most nervous patient
can be supplied wi'hout fear of pain or inconvenience. Con-
sultation iree. Teeth from sa, Sets, 15, 7, 10, and 15
Zuineas, warranted. For the Efficacy, utility, and success
of thin system, vide " Lancet.' '

Daily 'attendance at 15, Whitefriargate, Hull ; 10, Norfolk-
street, Sheffield; 4, East-parade, Leeds ; and 14, St. Nicholas-
street, Soarbro'.

***No connection with any one of the same name.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.

THIS DAT.—Morning, 3h. sm.—Afternoon, 3h. 25m
TO-Mounow.-Morning, 3h. 45m.—Afternoon, 4h. Om.

4, $
tjjt te":0-12"%:!lakeve ;Nt:
44,34,4

LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 24, 1865.

If the electors of South Lancashire have had
some reason to complain that the shortness of the
time which elapsed between Mr. GLADSTONE'S being
put in nomination and the actual day of election
deprived them of the opportunities of hearing him
which they might reasonably have expected, the
right hon. gentleman seems anxious to do his best
to make them honourable amends. At the declara-
tion of the poll on Saturday Mr. GLADSTONE,
although suffering from his recent exertions, made
a speech of some length, and subsequently, at the
Legh Arms, again addressed his constituents. In
these speeches the Chancellor of the Exchequer
naturally dealt chiefly in generalities, being less
restrained to the particular expression of his political
views than a mere candidate for the suffrages of a
constituency. In fact, it was hardly to be expected
that Mr. GLADSTONE would think it necessary to
deliver his opinions on the particular measures of
the occasion, past or future ; that he would indicate
the course which he considered the Government
should follow in certain contingencies, or that he
should betray any of the secrets of the Ministerial
prison-house to uninitiated ears. Even the great
question of Reform, which has supplied one of the
primary elements of his popularity in South Lan-
cashire, was scarcely referred to, except in general
terms. 'The whole tone and tenour of the addresses,
howeverovere consistent with Mr GLADSTONE'S newly
acquired reputation as a Reformer, although he gave
no actual pledges, which his official position might
render it difficult to fulfil, and descended to no par-
ticulars of the reforms which he thought necessary.
In his address at the hustings Mr. GLADSTONE was
careful to avoid any points of political difference or
contention, since, in that lull after the storm of the
election, there is generally an avoidance of discord
and interchange of compliments and congratula-
tions. Mr. GLADSTONE expressed himself very cor-
dially towards those gentlemen who had exerted
themselves on his behalf, and to those electors who
had given him their votes, frankly admitting that
many of his political adversaries had come to his
assistance on this momentous occasion. The Con-
servatives of South Lancashire have done them-
selves honour by their conduct on this occasion, and
they have certainly shown political wisdom in re-
turning one who, however advanced in his doc-
trines as a Reformer, is yet a genuine Conservative,
since he seeks to uphold, not to destroy, to amend
rather, than overthrow. He would endeavour to
repair the inevitable decay of ages, without altering
the structure or removing any considerable portion
of it. He is not the true Conservative who shrinks
from those necessary touches which preserve the
fabric from ruin. The archaeological or antiquarian
who cherishes some ancient tower or wall does not
hesitate to add or alter when the hand of Time is
making visible inroads. He knows that rigidly to
insist on the structure remaining untouched, is, in
fact, to ensure its demolition, and thus he who re-
fuses to add to our political constitution those
touches rendered necessary by the progress of intel-
lect, the course of events, the changes of time
and circumstance, is in reality the destroyer
of what he seeks to preserve. No human insti-
tution, however admirable, can be absolutely
perfect, neither can it adapt itself without altera-
tion to altered conditions. It has been cited as an

sanctions such a wrong.
The King of PRUSSIA has for a long space of time
been active in his efforts to put down freedom of
action, independent exhibitions, and all liberal ten-
dencies. Aided and abetted by his active allies,
Herr BISMARK and his coadjutors, he has been
sapping the foundations of the Constitution, and
altering everything to suit his views. If it had not
been for the interlude of the Danish war, we should
before this time have heard of some strange doings
in Berlin ; but the work of internal controversy was
of necessity stayed while the external altercations
took place. Now that the glorious war has been
crowned by an honourable peace, the KING and his
Ministers have returned to their former labours, and
with unabated zeal have resolved to carry out their
Perhaps they have hailed this

primary purpose.

proposition to entertain the Liberal Deputies as a fair

opportunity for making their determination known,
and thus throwing down the guantlet to their
enemies, but they may perchance find that they
have reckoned without their host, and that they
have provoked a power too mighty for them to
resist, and too indignant to compromise with them

when once its anger has been raised and its prowess
felt. It would seem as if this affair at Cologne
was prophetic of some future and more important
event, it may be as the cloud which at first is no
bigger than a man's hand, but soon overshadows
the place. From first to last the proceedings in this
affair have been significant, the Provincial Court of

Justice in the city cancelled the decision of the
police authorities which dissolved the committee

that had been appointed to arrange the banquet on
the plea of its being organised for political purposes.
The Crown counsel upon this protested against
the decision, and the matter will be carried to a
higher tribunal. Thus dissension is rife in many
quarters through the ill-judged and ill-advised
attempts of the authorities, and it is difficult to pre-
dict where the end will • be. Whichever way the
Court looks upon the affair, irritation will be sure
to ensue in some direction or other. Either
the authorities will be enraged and proceed to
further persecutions, or else they will be incited
;cs go on and prosper in their vehement endeavours

instance of the Divine origin of Christianity that it,

alone of all creeds or systems has been able to adapt

itself to every possible variety of race, of civilisation, 01

climate, of character, leasing always room for meilta

and moral as well as material progress, and however

high a man may- set his standard, advancing stil.

beyond it. No scheme or system of man's creatior.

can share this characteristic, and history shows no

one form of Government after another playing its

partbreakingup and disappearing. The real secret of
the fall of dynasties, and failure of constitutions, has
always been that their leaders would not recognise
the features of the times. They thought they could
bend men to their model, instead of altering the
model when it no longer represented the wants and
the wishes of men. Our English people have been
wiser. They have shown the true Conservative spirit
by avoiding a Procrustean system in politics ; and,
recognising how much there is in their ancient con-

,o stifle our expression of popular sentiments, and

put down representative institutions with a high

hand and a determined spirit.

The proceedings that took place at Cologne on
22d inst. are just what might have been expected.
The police gave orders to close the approaches to
the " Gurgenich Halt," where the entertainment

stitution that is admirable and enduring, they have
refused to sacrifice the substantial blessings which

should have taken place, after all the preparations
had been completed. The guests, in consequence,
repaired to the Metz Hotel, and 60 or 70 deputies

CS TAL PALACE. TO-MORROW it has conferred upon them by insisting upon
RY
im-
AFTERNOON at Four a special display of all the
material details.
GREAT FOUNTAINS.—ONE StiILLING.
As Mr. GLADSTONE justly observed on Saturday
there is much upon which Englishmen of all parties
are agreed. There is, as he phrased it, " a large
inheritance of political belief" common to us all as
Britons, and men of opposite parties unite in with-
holding those great principles of liberty, " liberty of
person, of property, of belief, of speech, of assem-
blage, of petition, which are better understood
mong us than in any country in Europe." But, as
the Chancellor of the Exchequer very justly added,
"In all human institutions there is a principle of
taint and corruption, a principle of lapse and decay
continually at work, and not only the popular
doctrine of politics, •but the truest and
soundest philosophy of human nature teaches
that it is the duty of public men to make it their
care and study to apply to those dangerous prin-
ciples a corrective in the shape of vigilant attempts
to amend and anxious desire to advance."
That Mr. GLADSTONE knew the importance of
caution and the danger of reckless or sweeping in-
novations was amply proved in his words to the
working men who presented him with an address.
The words of that address afforded the best answer
to the charge of Democracy and Chartism sometimes
recklessly advanced against the great body of work-
ing men. The framers of it gave their new member
credit for a sincere desire to elevate and
improve the working classes, "as well as
acting justly and consistently to those in a higher
station of life." They went on to compare the
social fabric to a well-built structure, wherein each
part depended on the other, and in which the real
architect, while seeking to improve, would be
always slow to destroy. As Mr. GLADSTONE happily
said on the hustings, it is the fashion for the Liberals
of the day to maintain that they are the better
Conservatives, and for the Conservatives to declare
that they are the truer Liberals. Such unity in
division at least proves that all public men set
much the same objects before them whatever route
they may select, and though absolute unanimity is
alike impossible and undesirable, it is at least well
for us that we have reached a stage where the wel-
fare and happiness of all classes of the community
are the recognised objects for which our public men
should strive.
The election for South Lancashire has passed off
with singular moderation and good feeling, and Mr.
GLADSTONE at least has no reason to complain of
the reception accorded to the two days' candidate.
Politicians of all parties united in paying tribute to
his ability and his public spirit, while the people
generally gave him a genuine English welcome,
which must have gone far to console him for the
rejection of Oxford. The right hon. gentleman
himself showed great tact and good feeling under
somewhat trying circumstances, and partisans of all
grades and colours will rejoice at his speedy and
triumphant return to the House, of which he is a
brilliant a member.

Prussian affairs again claim attention, and from
all the accounts received the authorities appear to
be acting in the most unwise and arbitrary manner.
It, indeed, seems as if the crisis so long expected in
the affairs of this country was fast approaching, for
the signs are ominous and the indications peculiar.
The subject of dispute is concerning a banquet
to the Liberal Deputies, which has given great
umbrage to the powers that be, and the most active
measures have been taken to prevent its celebration.
The chief of the police at Cologne sent notice to the
committee that as the proposed assembly had all the
appearance of a " political association" it was
summoned to dissolve itself. It was most tin-
necessary to proceed to such extremities when
nothing really indicated danger ; but it
appears as if the authorities at Prussia were re-
solved to provoke opposition in order to have an
excuse for proving their strength and putting down
those who offend them. Judging by their conduct
on several occasions this would appear to be their
object ; and if the efforts of overbearing officials
could produce an emeute, certainly every chance was
afforded by the proceedings at Cologne. The mem-
bers of the committee, as might have been expected
by the harsh and unfair intimation they received,
" protested" against this decision, while they refused
to suspend the preparations for the fête. The jour-
nals that published the protest have been seized. It
has come to something when a people that re-
joiced at its progress in popular rights and
its constitutional privileges are to
esubmit
to these encroachments on their rights, and these
insults to their understandings. A " gagged press"
is always the last resort of tyranny, and speaks
volumes as to the character of the government that

signe d an address to the members of the
Bane inet Committee, in which they expressed
their opinion as to the matter prettly plainly. They
declared that they joyfully accepted the invitation
ti iey had received, and considered it an expression
ca the " confidence of the people in their chosen
re presentatives." They also considered that the
Fa therland could only prosper if the principles of
Constitutional right that the majority of the Cham-
ber of Deputies advocated were carried out, and
therefore they deeply regretted the prohibition of
the banquet. They did not content themselves,
however, with this intimation, but went to say that
they considered the occupation and closing of the
places appointed by the police after it had been
legely hired was an act contrary to the constitution.
Doubtless, throughout the length and breadth
of the land all true-hearted Prussians have by this
time ratified their decision, and recognised a most
unwarrantable piece of interference with the rights
and privileges of constitutional subjects. The con-
cluding paragraph of this address is very significant,
and the Ministers will do well to consider it well
before they proceed in their mischievous career, for
it speaks the conviction of those who are well quali-
fied to represent the feelings of the community,
and whose prognostications may probably turn out
only too true to bo agreeable. After declaring that
the future of Prussia is independent of such re-
gulations they affirm that " So long as the people
assert their constitutional rights, hone should
allow their hopes to sink, for the people will finally i
I
decide their own fate."

it seemed as if it was resolved to push military
interference to the extreme limits, for after the
company had repaired to the Zoological Gardens
and assembled in the refreshment rooms, the Mayor
insisted upon their separating, and a squadron of
cavalry took possession of the entrance to the
garden ; another banquet at Veichy was also
stopped by the Mayor of that place, and the
steamer which conveyed the company is occupied
by the troops. At Bremen a similar entertain-
ment is proposed, and doubtless this will renew the
confusion. It is certain that these proceedings
will open the eyes of the people as to the nature
and character of the Government policy ; they must
see and recognise the extent of the evils with which
they are threatened. It is not likely that the
designs of the Berlin Cabinet will be allowed to reach
fruition, for the Prussian people, if they are not
stupid, have tasted long enough the privileges of
constitutional freedom to make them appreciate
their inestimable advantages. They are not likely
to yield their rights tamely and without a struggle;
and in that struggle who can say what will arise
and what pretentious designs may be overthrown,
for those who are slow to be roused are more de-
termined when they offer resistance.