The Sun.
London, England, 1862-02-10 00:00:00

THE DESPATCH OF TROOPS AND

STORES TO CANADA.

The promptitude and success with which a com-
plete corps &armee of 12,000 men was equipped and
sent out to Canada, on the first danger of hostilities
occurring, was so creditable to our military admi-
nistration as to deserve publicity. Canada during
the winter is, in point of time, almost as inacces-
sible for reinforcements as New Zealand or Aus-
tralia. The public only heard that so many regi-
ments and so many batteries had been embarked and
landed. They knew nothing of the enormous quan-
tities of military, hospital, commissariat, and gar-
rison stores required for each battalion, the quota
of different reserve stores necessary for every branch
of the service, and, above all, of the extra stores and
preparations necessary to provide for the comfort
and health of men passing at once from a tempe-
rate to an almost Arctic winter. Perhaps our readers
will be better able to understand these things when
they see in the estimates what the outrage of Com-
mander Wilkes has cost us. It will unquestionably
be a very respectable item even in an English
budget of expenditure.
When the news of the Trent affair reached Eng-
land, Canada, though it had been reinforced by two
regiments of infantry last summer, had only a gar-
rison throughout the entire colony of less than
5000 men of all arms and ranks. While the Prince
of Wales was there there were only 3000. In simple
,txuth, the garrison before Christmas only amounted
to one naa bnttpry, two batteries of garrt....,in-
lery, six officers of engineers, four regiments of in-
fantry, an armyhospital corps of 12 men, a commis-
sariat staff of one rank and file (!), and the Royal
Canadian Rifles, 1,050 strong. In Nova Scotia the
force was equally low, for, though divided between
Halifax and New Brunswick, the total strength was
only 2,000 men--a garrison of, in all, only 7,000
troops to defend the exposed frontier of a country
as large as Europe. With the first news of the
Trent outrage t
every effort was made by the War
Department strengthen the colony with men
and munitions of war ; but the attempt had to be
made at the worst possible time of the year, and,
though the Government took up at once and in rapid
succession the finest and best found steamers in our
merchant navy, only one—the Persia--succeeded in
getting up the St. Lawrence as far as Bic, and hfr
able commander could only manage to land the
troops, and was obliged, after losing his boats among
the ice and leaving part of his crew on shore, to
return with the military stores to Halifax. In all

18 powerful steamers were despatched—the Mel-
bourne, Australasian, Persia, Niagara, Adriatic,
Parana, Delta, Magdalena, Asia, Canada, Calcutta,
Cleopatra, Mauritius, Hibernia, Arabia, Adelaide,
Victoria, and St. Andrew. The united freights of
these vessels enabled the War-office to send away a
perfect corps d'arnzee of 12,000 men, complete in
all save cavalry, even to the most minute working
details of commissariat, staff corps, military train,
army hospital corps, military store department, and
engineers, with garrison and field artillery. By
these reinforcements the garrisons of Canada has
been raised from 5,000 to 13,000 men ; that of Hali-
fax to 3,000, New Brunswick to 2,500, and New-
foundland has 200 additional artillerymen to man
the guns in the batteries at the mouth of the har-
bour of St. John. In all therefore there is now a
total force in Canada and the provinces of 18,000,
exclusive of the militia and volunteers. But to
march down regiments to certain ports and embark
them on board steamers is a comparatively easy
business. It is the enormous quantities of stores
that accompany each department that have given
all the trouble, and what is only trouble here be-
comes a formidable difficulty in Canada and Nova
Scotia, where everything has to be forwarded in
sledges over the snow to Riviere du Loup.
It will give our readers a gsod idea of the cost
and trouble of campaigning if we detail the prin-
cipal impedimenta which this little army required
to fit it for the field. As we have said, we do
not estimate the cost, but if we recapitulate
some of the items a shrewd guess may be made at
the amount the British public will have to pay be-
cause Commander Wilkes could not understand
Vattel. Thus, before the Trent mischief there were
in the military stores in Canada 15,000 rifles,
10,000 smooth bore muskets, 20,000 sets of infantry
accoutrements, 4,000,000 rounds of small-arm am-
munition, 18,000 thick greatcoats, and
15,000
blankets. In Halifax there were 2,000 rifles, 5,500
muskets, 6,000 sets of accoutrements, 1,000,000
rounds of ammunition, 4,000 greatcoats, and 4,000
blankets. In New Brunswick there were 1,000
rifles, 2,000 muskets, 7,000 sets of accoutrements,
150,000 rounds of ammunition, and 3,000 blankets.
These, of course, were considered as mere peace
stores, and therefore, in case of the necessity for
war arising, they had to be largely increased; so
with the troops for Canada were sent out 31,000
rifles, 31,000 sets of accoutrements, 3,0.001000
while
blanketsro u nd s o f.
To
Halifax
egnr e as
et enot
)000 : rifles,
a tand 12,0'00
.
10,000 muskets, 20,000 sets of accoutrOments,.
7,000,000 rounds of
f blankets ammunition,
with: 8,000
greatcoats and 8 ;Nevi Bruns-
wick, has received an addition of 20,000 rifles,
20,000 accoutrements,
5,000,000 rounds of am-
munition, 16,000 greatcoats, and 16,000 blan-
kets. These, however, though large amounts,
are only among the items of the stores that have
been despatched--such
as two complete 12-pounder
batteries, one 9.pounder battery, 30 sledges, with
harness complete ; forge and hand carts,
spareturn-.
brils and amb 1 u anc3 waggons, scaling-ladders, in-
trenching tools, tools for sappers, immense quanti-
ties of hospital stores and bedding for the pur-

veyors, 400 cases of medical co;
pairs of litters, 150 p!
hospital waggons, tr large number of 100-pounder
Armstrongs, with carriages and platforms complete,
and stores of shell ; engineers' tools, an electric
telegraph, with wires, batteries, and instruments ;
1,000 solid shot for the ,North American squadron,
5,000 32-pounder naval shells, 5,000.10-inch naval
shells, more than. 1,000 tone- of gunpowder, and
15,000 suits of warm clothing for the troops re-
cently sent. This warm clothing, indeed, is in
truth very warm clothing, inasmuch, as it consists,
in addition to the soldier's ordinary dress, of one
pair of knee boots, one fur cap, one pair of fur
mitts, two flannel jerseys, two pair of flannel
drawers, one chamois jacket, two pair of flannel
stockings, and one sheepskin coat. All these, how-
ever, with the exception of the warm clothing,
may be considered as reserve stores, inasmuch
as every--regiment and battalion took with
them, one marquee, two hospital tents, 130 circular
tents, 1,800 blankets. 900 canteens, 180 camp ket-
tles, two medicine chests, 900 surgical bandages,
900 cholera belts, 70 hatchets, two pack saddles, 10
spades, 10 . shovels, 16 pick-axes, 20 felling axes,
six saws, six files, 12 whetstones, 10 hammers, and
20 wedges.
;

All these troops and stores were collected and
shipped for Canada in little more than 30 days,
and too much praise cannot be given to the energy
and forethought of Lord de Grey, on whom fell the
great brunt of all this business of preparation and
despatch. But, as we have said, if there was trouble
on this side of the water, the difficulties of forward-
ing the men and.stores over the snow from Halifax
to Canada seethed at first almost insurmountable,
and Quartermaster-General Doyle had to meet them
all. The news that the troops and stores were
coming only reached Colonel Doyle five days before
the first ship came, and at that time his staff con-
sisted of an assistant-quartermaster-general, a bri-
gade and town majors, all with a peace establish-
ment of clerks. The two barracks in Halifax were
quite full,but accommodation had to be found sortie-
how. Every one, of course, had to work day anal
night in fitting up the temporary huts, and Lok:,.
Mulgrave and the civil authorities gave every assistt,..
ante. - But still there were the greatest diffic
for the merchants, though willing enangh,4o
their stores as stores, coultrisiet, of oeuvre,' "convert
them into barracks. Still, in five days all wan ready
at Halifax. But those not acquainted with the
rigours of a Canadian winter, and the mass of
details necessary to be attended to when the first
troops came, with their Engineer, Medical, Store,
Commissariat, Barrack, and Purveyors' Depart-
ments all claiming, all requiring, and all receiving
attention at the same time, can have no idea of
the mass of duties which were suddenly thrown
on Colonel Doyle to discharge. He had to pro-
vide accommodation for the men almost as fast
as each regiment came in, to manage the dis-
embarkation of stores when ropes were frozen
and snow storms incessant, to chalk out the
line of march along the frontier by the Madawaska
road at a time when war was imminent, and it was
necessary to make a route that would give protection
to the left flank against the " scouters" and Fili-
busters that would certainly have been on the
watch. At New Brims wick the personal exertions of
the Governor, Mr. Gordon, and of General Rumley,
:Illbuhtisfrottnir.
the snow to
forward the
men in batches of from 200 to 150, partly by snow
Rrtphari
niovagv
epe
rdmaeei
edndntutsColoneltfoorutph.e accommodationwis
nywtlwinter
sf
mhodraeader theie
tdhoe tdomrvoateokorp
sledges and partly by marching, from St. John's to
Woodstock, and so on, by Tobiquc, Grand Falls',
Little Fall, Florenceville, Fort Ingall, &e., to Ri-
viere du Loup. In the first place, measures were
taken to insure telegraphic communication at all
points of arrival and departure in case of such un-
foreseen accidents as snowdrifts blocking the roads,
while at the midday halting places Indian runners
were kept to forewarn the night stations in advance.
Hospital accommodation was erected at all the halts
with purveyors' and medical stores, while the Com-
missariat Department provided each detachment
with means to clear the, roads, and a contract was
made with the lumberers in the woods to keep the
.31 clear as they possibly could. Billeting was
avoided in nearly all came by the erection of log
huts. Before starting, each Man received an extra
ration of hot coffee, and all the men took cooked
provisions with them for use at the midday halting
place, where an allowance of rum was served out.
A hot meal was ordered to be ready on the arrival
at the night station, and at these points the com-
missariat had extra comforts for all men fatigued cr
suffering much from cold. Three officers and one or
more medical officers went with each detachment,
and extra medical officers were stationed at all the
r a
uTthe e
ab et sot
bcommentary
tohne
ftah
halting places.
i
cet
f6.atcuillities of this
e first on-
ward movement along it was ordered on tht; 7th of
January, with a detachment of the 62d Regime Lit,
and on this day a snowstorm set in, which rendered
the track impassable till the 11th. On the 11th, how-
ever, the first division was able to move, and since
then a constant succession of from 200 to 150 men
has been kept up from stage to stage, and in spite
of snow the passage of each has kept the route open
for those which had to follow, and by this time, no
doubt, all the reinforcements of men and stores that
were necessary have been safely passed into Canada.
Had anything failed, of course Col. Doyle would
have been held answerable, with all the Lieute-
nant-Governors and Gen. Rumley. As it is every-
thing, both on this and the other side of the Atlan-
-11 tic, appears to have been admirably managed, and,
as illustrating the good which our departments
have reaped from the evils of the Crimean disasters,
this short but most energetic and complete prepara-
tion for war well deserves recording.

TILE HARTLEY COLLIERY ACCIDENT•

NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE, SATURDAY.

A very interesting meeting of delegates, repre-
senting collieries in Northumberland and Durham,
has been held in the Lecture-room in this town to-
Afeedlii
day, to devise plans for a change from the present
system of mining operations, and for the better
preservation of the lives of the mining community.
feeling
gusswioans touonkapnliameoeuosnlyvaargioauinsstporhtes,
bbruatutte
shaft system being continued, the men in verye
forcible language pointing out the dangers inci-
dent to the system. The following resolutions
were unanimously agreed to That, in the
opinion of this meeting the present system of
into effect the present resolution, an ex-
committee and secretary be appointed." A
petition was at once adopted.
reoiebenfbeegodguods etc sa
l ofoPf ar
discussioni amen t ; andto
ok that
p la feoer
r theeg abr eatitne
gr
system, petitions, pointing out the remedies of such
working coaulpaansdspireoendsiltyonaes
pmosisniebsleis,adnaangerousto
the lives and injurious to the health of the miners,
and that for the purpose of effecting a change in the
presented
resent system of mines' inspection, and the
tfecethocoavretiAritnirlgeneral feeling of the meeting seemed to be, that
under the present system no inspector, with the
number of pits at present under his charge,' could
visit one-half of them, and it was unanimously re-
solved—" That the present system was inadequate
to its requirements, and that 10 sub-inspectors, hav-
ing charge of 20 collieries each, should be appointed
by the Government."
Next Saturday another delegate meeting will
be held, with a view to adopt measures to establish
a permanent miners' relief fund, and to make an
appeal to the public of the United Kingdom to
assist in establishing it.
It is computed that down to this evening close
upon £30,000 has been subscribed for the widows
and orphans, and it is thought that before the lists
are closed the fund will considerably exceed that
amount.

THE HARTLEY COLLIERY RELIEF FUND.
During Saturday £5OO were received at the Mansion•house
bicehenit wa
in aid of the funds for the relief of the widows And orphans
of the sufferers by the above calamity. The total amount
now received by the Lord Mayor is over £14,000.
sinhawdh
At the annual meeting of the Southampton
Sailors' Home last
9w2e9etkeasa :canpoditow9assurpopader,
reading•
stated that since the opening of the home on the 9th of
August last, 1,043 beds had been occupied, and 940 break-
fasts, 913 dinners,
con-
sumed. The expenses of the home up to the present, ime
room, and religious instruction are provided for the sailors
amounted to about £634. Amusement, a library,
The crew of the ship Harvey Birch, which was burnt in the.
Channel by the Confederate war steamer Null '
vale, were
lodged and fed at the home,

.

_

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Manager---Mr. Edmund Falconer.
THIS EVENING, Feb. 10, the new and orig,in3l
M Drama,
entitled PEEP O'DAY ; or, Savourneen Deelish. essrs.
Walter Lacy, Hermann Vezin, Charles Selby, Edmund. Fal-
coner ; Mrs. D. P. Bowers, Miss Clara Weston.
After which, a new and original Burlesque Extravaganza
the
entitled LITTLE RED RIDING HOOD ; or, The Fairies 0
Rose, the Thistle, and the Shamrcck. Principal Chara -
-1
ters by Mr. Chas. Selby, Mr. Warlow, Miss Cicely Nott, and
Miss Lydia Thompson.
Acting Manager—Mr. F. B. Chatterton.
Plces as usual. Doors open at half -past 6, to commence at
7. Box-office open daily from 11 tills.

`,4;.? 0 YAL PRINCES S'S
Lessee, Mr A. Harris.
THIS EVENING, AS YOU LIKE T.
Mr. Ryssder, MMaria
r.
Widdicomb, Mr. Jordan, Miss Carlotta Leclercq, Mi
Harris, ftc.
After which a Comic Christmas Pantomime, WITITTINI,?-
TON AND HIS CAT ; or, Harlequin King Kollywobbol
and the Genius of Good Humour. The grotesque openin,
invented and written by Henry J. Byron, Esq., author of the
Princesss Pantomim " Jack the Giant Killer. ' The
Scenery by Mr. James Gates, Mr. H. Cuthbert, and numerous
assistants. Good Humour, Miss Helen Howard ; Princess
POpaiWopal, Miss Rose Leclercq; Alice, Miss Pauline Le-
clercq Messrs. Garden,
Cathcart, Morland, Collett, Hast-
ings.; Raymond; Pick Whittington, Miss Maria Harris;
Robin Goodfellow and the Cat, Master John Haslem. (pupil
of the celebrated Gabriel Ravel ; Clown, Mr. Hildyard ;
Harlequin, Mr. John Lauri ; Pantaloon, 31r. Paulo; Colum-
bine, Miss Caroline Adams. Morning Performances will
take place at Two o'clock every Monday till further notice.

NEW THI ATRE-R0 YAL, ADELPHI.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
348th Night of the Engagement
ICAULT.M of r. and Mrs. DION
BOUC
THIS EVENING, the great American Drama of THE
OCTOROON. Messrs. Dion Bone!milli, S. Emery, Billington,
Jamison, P. Bedford. Stephenson. Eburne, Powell, Romer,
11. Lewis Mrs. Billing ton, Mrs. H. Marston. Miss Latimer,
Miss Denvil. After which (first time), THE DUBLIN BOY.
Andy, Mrs. Boucicanit. To conclude with MARGERY
DAW. Messrs. D. Fisher, Billingto
at 7.u, W. Smith, Miss Wool-
gar, and Miss K. Kelly. Commence

NEW ROYALTY THEATRE,
Dean-street, Oxford-street.
THIS EVENING, A CHINESE ROMANCE.
After which Offenbach's Opera Buffo, entitled LE MARI-
AGE AUX LANTERNES. Mr. John Morgan, Mesdames
Stanley, Payne, and Mason.
To conclude with a new and original Farce, by
Messrs. Ben Barnett and George Webster, entitled CARNA-
TION OF CARNA. lON COTTAGE.
Commence at half-past 7.

ASTLEY'S -ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.-
Last 4 Nights of the Pantomime. —Last 6 Nights of
The Colleen Bawn.
EVERY EVENING THE COLLEEN HAWN.
To be followed with the wondrous feats of the greatest
Equestrians in the World, Young Gunerius, Madlle. Halvor-
sen, and Mons. Goldkette.
Concluding* with the Grand Comic Pantomime of
JOHNNY GILPIN'S RIDE TO EDMONTON.
In preparation, a gorgeous Eastern Spectacle, fr :roducing
Two of the finest Performing Elephants ever seen in this
country.

Stage Manager, Mr. W. Searle.

CANTERBURY HALL
ARTS GALLERY.
"THE ENCHANTED HASH " (SECOND EDITION)
(v Mr. E. Marshall with Eleven Wonderful Transformations
((the most talented, performance ever attempted by a single
person), at a quarter-past ten. Also the following extraor-
dinary combination of Comic talent, viz.: Mr. Randall Mr.
Frederick French, Mr. J. G. Forde, Miss Harriet Coveney,
and Miss Greene.
Grand Selections from LA TRAVIATA, by Millie. Negri,
Mr. Herbert, Signor Tivoli, and a powerful Chorus, at Ten
o'clock.

AND FINE

Musical Director, Mr. Jonahmans.
Admission—Hall, 6d. ; Stalls and Balcony, le.

vicToß JULIEN, " THE FLYING MAN."
at CANTERBURY HALL, Every Evening at half-
past Nine o'clock.

.11 H 0 X F OR D,
6, OXFORD-STREET,
Two Selections Every Evening alternately from" Ernani,"
" Lucrezia Borgia," "La Traviata," "Simon Boccanegra,"
"La Circassienne," &c., by the entire Company, Full Band
and Chorus.—Conductor, Mr. F. Jongtmans. Solos by Mr.
Viotti Collins (the great English violinist). And other at-
tractive Entertainments, the Comic portion by Miss Harriet
Covene', Messrs. Sam Collins, Wood and Son, E. Marshall,
M. P. Foster, and W. Randall.
Hall, 6d.; Stalls and Balcony, Is. ; Private Boxes, 10s. 6d.

THE OXFORD, 6, OXFORD-STREET.-
" LES MERVEILLES GYMNASTIQUES"
By Masters HENRI and PFAU
(aged Nine and Eleven years),
Froto the "Cirque Napoleon," Paris, at which place they
performed for Three Hundred Consecutive Nights, creating
the utmost enthusiasm and excitement.
The Double Feats on the Flying; Trapeze of these Youthful
Artistes are Unsurpassed for daring, skill, and grace.
They make their First Aprearance in En,t-land at this
Establishment on MONDAY next, the 17th of February.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tins DA.Y.—Morning, 10h. 26m.—Afternoon, llh. 2m.
TO-11.0RILOW. -Morning, llh. 50m.—Afternoon, —h. —m.

TiiE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, FEBRUARY 9, 1862.
THERMOMETER., IN THE SHADE.
30—highest since noon yesterday.
23—lowest this morning and during the night.
35—this day at BAROMETER-30.60.
WIND—Northerly ; light, with fine frosty weather.
FEB. 10.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHIM
36 —7: ighest since noon yesterday.
31—lowest this morning and during the night.
36 —this day at:noon.
BAROMETER-30.56.
WIND—Northerly—light ; morning dull ; afternoon fine,

".%
,I,
.50.
~
,--.
~,,..';':';i7:!,'l., = '.;,6r.a.";;?,`" i ,- j--‘.4, -'- .•-•.•
~i.., ..,,k,.7„,,,, g. ...,,,3
__ , ~..:::, ' , ~i..e.,..1 . . _ -,,,,›
.44,.. „f, ~. , ~
,2.,,,..,1;.____,21.•:,•;....5- '•,i " . ,
~ _
-: :• --0 ....7-;,,;,....,"4. ''':k1.,'...'.7*,+:17:::, ." , "4 ,

Ifl E SUN,
LONDON, MONDAY, FEB. 10, 1862.

Never was there a finer field for political conjec-
ture than is now offered in America. Political
sagacity may calculate and weigh with its utmost
skill, but the margin for conjecture will still re-
main very large. One fact, which cannot be over-
looked, may baffle the best calculations—we refer
to the impulsively capricious temper of the North.
It is to a great extent no peculiar reproach to them.
The mass of the population in every State, ancient
and modern, has always been liable to sudden
changes, according to the character of the
last events, and America is no exception to the
Two houses have always been provided by
constitutional legislators, the second to balance the
more impulsive movements of the first. A Senate
has been provided for America itself, and is far
more respected than the Lower House. Still, even
their Senate is so near to popular election that it
feels more than our House of -Lords can
do the changes of popular temper. Hence,
as we
cannot predict how the people will feel under a
great victory, or a great defeat, under a monetary
pressure, or heavy taxation, so we cannot foretell
how the Government and Legislature, so much
under their influence, will act.
At this moment they are all exulting in a glo-
rious victory. We confess to sharing their pleasure.
Ext,,Gpt that the lccality is not the same, and that
it was not a battle between the NAPOLEON and
WELLINGTON of their war, the triumph in Ken-
tucky may be fairly set against tnat of Bull's Bun.
The rout of the Confederates was as complete as
that of the Federals in the former case,
the property captured, relatively, was in all
probability more important. Ten field pieces,
ammunition, waggons, arms, flint muskets, and
stores of all kinds. The loss was 39 killed, 127
wounded on the Federal side, and 114 killed,
116 wounded, 45 prisoners on the side of the Con-

rule.