The Sun.
London, England, 1865-07-12 00:00:00

rim SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVEMNG, ,ULY 12, nez

THE NEW PARLIAMENT.

BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

The following is a list of the members returned
to the New Parliament up to the time we go to

press :

Places. Members. L. C.
Andover ... ... Hon D. Fortescue ... 1 0

Mr W. Humphrey ... 0 1
. Lord E. Howard ... 1 0

Arundel

Ashton-under-Lyne Mr Milner Gibson ... 1 0
Aylesbury Mr S. G. Smith ... 0 1
Beaumaris ... Mr. W. 0. Stanley ... 1 0
Bath Mr Tito
Col Hogg
Bewdley ... Sir T. E. Winnington 1 0
Birmingham ... Mr Bright
Mr Scholefield ... 1 0
Bradford Mr Wickham ... 1 0
Mr W. E. Forster ... 1 0
Brecknock Col Watkins ... 1 0

13rldpOrt ••• ••• Mr T. A. Mitchell
Buckingham ... Sir H. Verney ...
Mr Hubbard ...
Caine ... ... Mr Lowe .96

... 1 0
... 1 0
... 0 1
... 1 0

Cambridge University Mr Walpole ...
Mr Selwyn ...

... 0 1
... 0 1

Cardiff

... Col Stuart

... 1 0

Cardigan (district) ... Capt Pi se
Carmarthen (district)... Mr W. Morris
Carnarvon Mr W. B. Hughes
Chichester Lord H. Lennox
Mr J. A. Smith
Clitheroe Mr Fort •••
Cockermouth Mr Steel •••
Lord Naas •••
Dartmouth Mr J. Hardy
Denbigh Mr T. Mainwaring
Devizes Mr Darby Griffith

._ 1 0
... 1 0
... 1 0
... 0 1
... 1 0
... 1 0
.- 1 0
... 0 1
... 0 1
... 0 1
... 0 1

Droitwich
Durham

Sir J. Paington
... Mr J. Henderson

... 0 1
... 1 0

Eye ...
Exeter ...

Mr Mowbray 0 1
... Sir E. Kerrison 0 1
Mr J. Coleridge ... 1 0

Lord Courteniy 0 1
Flint Sir J. Hanmer ... 1 0
Gateshead Mr Hutt
Greenwich ... Mr Alderman Salomons... 1 0
Sir C. Bright ... 1 0
Guildford Mr G. Onslow 1 0
Mr Bovill
Halifax Mr Stansfeld ... 1 0

Mr Akroyd ... ... 1 0
Hertford ... ... Hon W. Cowper ... 1 0
Sir M. Farquhar ... 0 1
Huntingdon ... ... Gen. Peel
Mr T. Baring ... 0 1
Hythe ... ... Baron M. Rothschild ... 1 0
Kendal ... ... Mr G. C. Glyn ... ... 1 0
Lambeth ... ... Mr T. Hughes ... ... 1 0
Mr Doulton . ... 1 0
Launceston ... ... Mr A. Campbell ... 0 1
Liskeard ... ... Sir A. Buller ... ... 1 0
London ... ... Mr Crawford _. 1 0

Baron L. Rothschild ... 1 0
Mr Goschen 1 0
Mr Alderman Lawrence 1 0
Marlborough ... Lord E. Bruce ... 1 0
Malton ... ... Hon C. Fitzwilliam 1 0

Mr J. Brown .••... 1 0
zr Mr H. B. Baring 1 0
Marlow Col P. Williams 0 1

Col Knox
Marylebone Mr H. Lewis ••• 1 0
Mr T. Chambers 1 0
Merthyr Tydvil Mr H. A. Bruce 0 1
Monmouth ... Mr C. Bailey ... 0 1
Morpeth ... Sir G. Grey ... 1 0
Newcastle-under-Lyme Mr Allen 1 0
Newport, Isle of Wight Mr C. W. Martin ... 1 0
Newark Mr llodgkinson 1 0
Lord A. Clinton ... 1 0
Oxford ~. Mr Cardwell ... 1 0

Mr Neate
Petersfield ... Sir W. Jolliffe 0 1
Preston... ... Sir T. G. Hesketh 0 1
Hon. F. Stanley 0 1
Radnor District ... Mr R. G. Price 1 0
Reading Sir F. Goldsmid ... 1 0
Mr S. Lefevre ... 1 0
Retford, East Lord Galwey 0 1
Mr Foljambe 1 0
Richmond ... ... Sir It. Palmer ... 1 0
Rochdale ... Mr T. B. Potter ... 1 0
Salford Mr Cheatham 1 0
Shaftesbury Mr G. G. Glyn ... 1 0
Shrewsbury ... Mr Tomline 1 0
Mr Clement ... 1 0
South Shields Mr Ingham 1 0
Southwark Mr Lock
Mr Layard
Stamford ... Lord Cranbourne ... 0 1
Sir S. Northcote ... 0 1
Sir W.
lGerallwey 0 1
Tower
kr
Hamlets••• •.:•. Mr

Mr Ayrton ~,
Capt Vivian
Mr F. Williams
Mr C. Foster
• Mr Greenall
• Sir W. Ilayter
Mr. H. W. Jolliffe
• Hon. G. Forster

... 1 0
... 1 0
... 0 1
• 1 0
1 0
• 1 0
... 0 1
... 0 1

Truro .••
Walsall •••
Warrington ...
Wells ... ..•
Wenlock

Mr Gaskell
Sir M. Lopez
Capt Grosvenor
Mr J. S. Mill
... Mr G. C. Bentinok

... 0 1
... 0 1
... 1 0
... 1 0
... 0 1

Westbury ..•
Westminster
Whitebaven ...

Wigan
Wilton

... Mr Woods SAO
Gen Lindsay ...
... Mr Antrobus

.- 1 0
... 0 1
... 1 0

Wolverhampton
Wycombe ...

Mr C. P. Villiers
Mr J. R. Mills
lion C. Carrington
SCOTLAND.

... 1 0
... 1 0
... 1 0

Elgin Burghs ... Mr G. Duff
Leith Burghs ... Mr W. Miller ... ... 1 0
Perth ~. ... Mr A. Kinnaird ... 1 0
St. Andrews ... Mr Ellice ... ... 1 0

The result of the elections already completed are
the return of—
Liberals •.. ... 82

Conservatives— ". 36

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

TIMES.-If the first day of the elections be taken
to indicate the course of the contest, the Liberals
have every reason to be satisfied. The returns are
everywhere in their favour. They have kept their
own seats, and gained, we believe, three from their
opponents. Not only for those who live in London
but for the country at large, the result of the metro-
politan elections will be interesting, as showing the
opinions of large and intelligent sections of the
population. Where the House of Commons is
formed by the votes of constituencies so widely dif-
fering in numbers, wealth, enterprise, and educa-
tion, the voice of the great boroughs must have a
considerable moral effect. Although the two mem-
bers of each party may be balanced by the two
returned by some petty town, still the leaders of
party, and all who are concerned in the conduct of
political affairs, cannot forget that the decision of
such constituencies as those of the cities of London
and Westminster represent pretty accurately the
decision of the nation. In the days of real Conser-
vative reaction, in 1841, that party seated two of
their candidates for the city of London and one
for Westminster. No one in those days could
doubt that this success betokened a wonderful
a rrcountry,ed an
the
d ow
Reform
shed
that Bill
and change
tmanyheiimpetusnatnhoet which
theemrgreat
temper
had
changethe had become dor-
mant. In our day the Conservatives have attempted
the same object, but with very different success.
We have heard so long of the Conservative revival,
and of the great repugnance to Liberal innovation
which was to be everywhere manifest, that it was
natural to look with curiosity to the large constitu-
encies. The first that have pronounced their opinion
have been those of the metropolis. In three of the
metropolitan districts the Conservatives have en-
deavoured to bring in one of their party, and
in each they have signally failed. They have
nowhere run their opponents even closely. In
the city of London they made extraordinary
efforts, and spent, it is said, very large sums of
money. All the authority and influence of the
great Conservative firms were used to bring in
Messrs. Lyall and Fowler, or at least one of them.
But the result has shown that in whatever unknown
parts the Conservative reaction may prevail, there
is no trace of it in London. It is very difficult to
seat four candidates belonging to one party, for the
very number begets opposition, and there are always
those whose tempers impel them to compromise and
to give a help to an apparent minority. It is all the
more a proof of the preponderance of Liberal opinions
in the City that the party have had no difficulty in
returning all their candidates. In spite of the absence
of one of them through ill-health, in spite of a lavish
expenditure on the part of the Tories, in spite of all
the exertions of the Tory merchants and bankers,
and in spite, we may in justice say, of the personal
respectability of the Tory candidates, the four Libe-
rals have been returned by a considerable majority.
There is no better test of the opinion of the town
constituencies than the election for the City of
London. The constituency is equal, if not supe-
rior, to any borough constituency in the 'general
intelligence and wealth of its members, it is influ-
enced by a powerful corporation, by arLient and
honourable civic companies, and by the wealthiest
aristocracy of traders that exist in the world. Its
verdict may, then, be fairly taken as that of the
most
E ge
Inaenr
dg ti
andc and
thisin successful
verdiet
has
aoaf theow middleb een
given class
in favour of the Government and the policy
uannddeirl
awpphiich Englandneasdurin h
during the
theaslaastdisraixncyeedarian. plrnosperity
West-
minster the Liberal victory has been equally decided,
and by the personal eminence of one of the elected
candidatesnene.
In other
ehvarvees,ppe
eetrshathpes,
eaennteev en wider in-
to excite much general interest. Anstwaarsisntooetraotniee
Liberal has spent large sums, and a middle-class
Conservative has been still more re profuse. Only
regular party men could feel much enthusiasm for
either of these candidates. But the nomination of
Mr. Mill gave an exceptional interest to the contest.
The very circumstance that this eminent writer de-
clared his most controverted opinions in his address,
and in his subsequent speeches, makes his return
the more significant. Hundreds who voted for Mr.
Mill probably disagreed with him philosophically,
and a still greater number politically. But it is cre-
ditable to the electors, and a hopeful sign for the

metropolitan boroughs, that the Westminster people
will rather have a man who thinks for himself, even
though his conclusions may be different from their
own, than one who merely adopts the common-
places of a party either through personal ambition
or the uninquiring inertness of mediocrity. Whatever
may be Mr. Mill's position in the new Parliament,
the electors of Westminster will have done themselves
credit by electing him, since they will have shown
that a large constituency can appreciate the claims of
intellectual eminence. The return of Mr. Mill, and of
Mr. Hughes at Lambeth, not only gives to the
metropolis two representatives of distinction in
literature, but it acts as an encouragement to
those who may be hereafter disposed to seek
a seat in Parliament. It can no longer be said that
the Metropolitan Boroughs are blind to the higher
qualities of candidates ; and if men who hlive pre-
viously distinguished themselves neglect to come
forward it must be held to be their own fault. Large
constituencies, indeed, have always been unfairly
treated in this respect. Men whose talents might
have insured their return have hung back and left
the field to a commoner and bolder class of men ; and
then, the constituencies who have had really little
choice in the matter, have been ridiculed for the me-
diocrity of those whom they have unavoidably chosen.
In Greenwich we rejoice to see that Alderman Salo-
mons and Sir C. Bright have been returned, and
that the frivolous discontents of the Dockyard have
not availed to seat a gentleman who might repre-
sent them, but would certainly not represent the pre-
vailing opinion of the borough. In Southwark Messrs.
Layard and Locke will probably be returned with-
out opposition to-day. The result of the Metropoli-
tan elections is that the Liberals have not lost a single
seat. In the country the elections are also going
well. The Secretary for the Colonies, the President
and Vice-President of the Board of Trade, the At-
torney-General, and the Ministers of Public Works
and of Education have all been returned without
opposition. At Exeter also the unopposed return of
Mr. Coleridge gives the Liberal party in the house
an able speaker and lawyer, who will probably rise
to the highest place in his profession. Nowhere have
they any serious loss to deplore, and they may well
hail the returns of the first day's polling as indicative
of a general success. The probability now is that the
Government will be_ considerably reinforced, and that
the Opposition will have to confess that all its energy
and its elaborate organisation have been unable to
bring round the people of the United Kingdom to
its side.

HERALD.—From time to time the public have
been tantalised by statements that some hitherto
unknown personage—some " officer in the Prussian
service," or other equally mythical individual—has
actually succeeded in preparing a species of gun-
powder which shall only explode when required to
do so, and which will, therefore, be free from the
vice of blowing-up tho magazine. The world has
heard many rumours of this sort ; but until very
lately the tale never seems to have been verified.
To the present hour all London is at the mercy of
a stray spark at Purfleet, and some of our most
important towns are in peril from a similar contin-
gency. Artificial Etnas are dotted over the country
only awaiting a flash of lightning or a little rough
friction to set them off in a roar. What powder
can do was indicated last October by the concussion
which had its centre at Erith, when little more than
50 tons of the nitrous material served to inflict
damage to a distance of 10 miles, and sent the
sound and shock of its explosion as far as the shores
of the British Channel. The impression may have
faded somewhat from the public mind ; but danger
of this description still continues. The mere intro-
duction of improved regulations does not do away
with the fact that the smutty grains, cold to the
touch and quiescent to the eye, are capable of im-
mediate transformation into a body of fire, raging
with the fury of an infernal whirlwind, and perpe-
trating most astounding havoc. Military exigencies
require that we should keep our powder dry. We
cannot preserve it moist in the store to be dried
when wanted. Hence it is our practice to concen-
trate in certain places whole masses of this explosive
material, which in itself is just as susceptible of
ignition while stowed away in the magazine as
when rammed home down the muzzle of a cannon
or a rifle. In this respect the visa viva of our artil-
lery differs essentially from the motive power of the
steam-engine. The vaporised fluid which propels
the pistons of the locomotive is only brought into
existence when actually required. Neither coke
nor water will burst a boiler—both remain passive
and inert until the furnace is lit and the water boils.
Gunpowder, on the contrary, is always ready to
burst its bones ; no prolonged heating process is
required ; there needs but a spark, and the full force
of the imprisoned gases at once come into play.
No lightning slays quicker or is more easily pro-
voked. To alter this state of things—to give us a
material suited for explosive purposes, and yet of
such a nature as not to explode until we wish it to
do so—is a requirement which model-21 science would
do well to meet. Terrible accounts reach us from
time to time of exploding magazines on the Conti-
nent, in Asia, and in America. In a moment—
without a note of warning—men, animals, build-
ings, and fortresses, are tossed into the air, and
the most substantial constructive works are at
once reduced to a chaotic jumble of stones and
timber, split, riven, and scorched, mingled with
shivering limbs and blackened corpses. There is
also the tragedy of the ship on fire, with the
flames darting towards the fatal casks. Skill and
courage are baffled, and a sudden explosion, as
of a mine beneath their feet, sends captain and
crew into eternity. In war the more direct
casualties of the fight are often aggravated by a
stray shell which plunges into the ammunition
stores. In regard to the future tactics of naval en-
gagements, we ask the reader to imagine what will
be the effect when the magazine of an ironclad ex-
plodes ? A spark in the war magazine of the Gloire,
the Warrior, the Bellerophon, or the future Her-
cules, would convert the whole ship into a gigantic
bombshell. The massive armour and the closely-
packed beams of teak would offer a resistance only
overcome by a terrific exercise of force; and while
the unhappy crew were blown to atoms the flying
fragments of the iron-bound ship, impelled by the
fiery blast of the ignited powder, would almost
serve to sweep an entire squadron from the seas.
At all events, if
we mean to blow up the enemy's
ironclads, we must pitch our shells from a distance,
or the same shot which sends our antagonist into
the air, may plunge our own ship into the depths
beneath. But the great motor of war is about to
be chained. Lucifer is to be bound. We have now a
" Safety Powder Company," and for the satisfaction
of the public the company have had their works on
fire. Imagine a conflagration at the Government
depot at Purfleet ! The brigade galloping with its
engines to such a scene would be veritably a " for-
lornwouldbemouth, hope." It might be wise to gallop the other
hegileui
way. To plant the hose while the flames were
roasting some hundreds of tons of gunpowder,
tvhael equivalent
gunner'sto looking
fuse
wasila lurkingate
cannon's
at the touch-hole. .Picking up a hissing bombshell
would be child'the "Safety s play in comparison. But when
Powder" works were on fire at Ply-
mouth a few mornings ago there was no more dan-
ger to the persons on the spot than
in the case of
an ordinary conflagration.
The powder might burn,
but it could not possibly explode. A large quantity
of it was, in fact, consumed, but there was no ex-
plosion, and while the actual works were burnt down
the magazine was saved. If the same security cha-
racterised all places where gunpowder is manufac-
tured or stored what calamities might be averted,
and how many distressing fears would he allayed !
Nor is this remarkable fire the only proof which has
been given of the virtues attaching to the new de-
scription of gunpowder. Mr. Gale, the discoverer
of the new process, exhibited the powder some few
days ago to Viscount Terupletown, and a number
of military and naval officers, who had assembled
for the purpose at Government House, Plymouth.
Ordinary gunpowder was taken in hand and im-
mediately rendered " non-explosive." Fire was ap-
plied, but only a few sparks responded to the flame.
The experiment was then reversed, and in less than
two minutes the powder was restored to its usual
explosive condition. The result was equally satis-
factory, however strong might be the nature of the
powder operated upon. A certain mixture being
blended with the dangerous article the latter
became harmless, refusing to ignite even though
a red-hot poker were thrust into it. In every
instance the restoration of the powder to its
natural state was effected without diffi-
culty, and with a facility which was practically
instantaneous. We need scarcely enlarge any fur-
ther on the importance of such a discovery. We
are quite prepared to admit, wiih the philosophers,
that the invention of gunpowder has rendered the
practice of war less fatal to human life. Battles—
though vastly more noisy and picturesque—are less
murderous now than in the days of clubs and
arrows. But we never could see the virtue of being
blown to atoms in time of peace. This cardinal
defect of gunpowder is henceforth to be cured—if
we are rightly informed as to the merits of Mr.
Gale's invention. The public, however, will have
a further opportunity of forming a judgment on
this point. We understand that the characteristics
of the safety powder are to be demonstrated at the
present Wimbledon gathering, Next to seeing
Blondin on the high rope will be the sensation of
beholding Mr. Gale on a barrel of gunpowder,
while some equally daring individual thrusts a red-
hot poker into the keg. Powder made harmless
will be something quite as astounding as the taming
of a tiger, or the cooking of an omelette over the
Falls—with the additional advantage of decided
utility, even to the saving of many lives and the
preservation of property. It is quite possible that,
by rendering gunpowder thus practically safe, a way

will be opened for its utilisation in ways which
have not hitherto been attempted. heartily do
we hope that the prospect of a powdo r magazine
which cannot possibly explode will be si ‘eechly and
completelyyerified.

THIRD EDITION.

SUN OFFICE, 7 o'CLocK.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE—This Day.

BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.
ABINGDON RACES.—Tms DAY.

ABINGDON STAKES.

Tina
Katie
Stilton
Statesman
Four ran. Won by a head
SCURRY STAKES.

Bishopton

Five ran.
NURSERY HANDICAP.

Miss Harriette
Indian Star 2
Life Guardsman 3

Sixteen ran.

The above are the only telegrams received up to the
hour of going to press. We shall give a complete list in a
later edition.

FOURTH EDITION

SUN OFFICE, HALF-PAST 7 o'CLocK.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE—This Day.

ABINGDON RACES-THIS DAT.
HANDICAP SWEEPSTAKES.

Duenna
Tomfoolery
Fravolina
Five ran.
STAND PLATE.

Concordia
Alberta
Jane Shore

Nino ran.
CULHAM STAKES.

Lucky Star 1
Pelios
Morris Dancer
Six ran.

THE GENERAL ELECTION.

-

POLLING THIS DAY.
The following is a list of the returns we have re-
ceived up to three o'clock :

Samuelson .
Douglas .
Bell .

BANBURY.

206
465
154

Cave
Hawkins
Stucley
Gwynn

BARNSTAPLE.

BEDFORD.

Whitbread .
Lewis .
Chambers .

BERWICK.

Alarjoribanks
Mitchell ...
Cargill •••
Hubback ...

BEVERLEY.

Edwards ...
Sykes .••
Keane ...

BIRKENHEAD.

Laird
Jackson

BLACKBURN.'

262
228
288
281

250
439
372

202
276
214
212

826
468
495

... 1,944
... 1,033

Horuby •
Fielden
Pilkington .
Potter

981
881
685
519

BOLTON.

Barnes

Popo
Gray
Gibb

865
790
i7B
669

BRIDGWATER.

Westropp
Kin glake
Shelley

362
245
228

BRIGHTON

White
Fawcett

2305
1992

Moor

1772

BRIDGNOIITII.

Pritchard
Whitmore
Acton

240
229
224

BRISTOL.

Berkeley ...
• •• ...
Peto... ••• ... •••
Freemantlo... ... ...
BURY, LANCASHIRE
... Phillips ... ...
••• Peel ... ... ...

4299
4207
3471
557
538