The Sun.
London, England, 1865-10-20 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FIiIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 20, 1865.

" It is truly marvellous?'—Times.
ipHAROAH'S
SERPENTS."
Post free 13 stamps.
STEREOSCOPIC COMPANY,
54, Cheapside, and 110, Regent-street,.

EVE RYB 0 D Y'S BUSINESS,

LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN
RAIL WAY.
The Special General Meeting of this Company which now
stands adjourned to Saturday, the 21st day of October. at ,2
o'clock at noon, wil necessarily be held only for the purpose
of being FURTHER ADJOURNED to SATURDAY, the
18th November next, at noon, at this place.
By order.
CHAS. E. STEWART, Secretary.
Euston Station, London, Oct. 19, 1865.

GREAT ST. JAMES'S-HALL—WORLD of
MAGIC, Second Sight, and " Begone, Dull Care,"
every evening at 8. A Day Performance, Saturday, at 3.
" The most varied entertainment in the metropolis."—Vide
the Press. Admission, ls.

PROFESSOR and the Misses ANDERSON.—
Farewell season. —World of Magic. Second Sight, and
the original Indian Basket Trick, in conjunction with Fre-
deric (the great) Maccabe, the unrivalled ventriloquist, mimic,
and character actor.

VREDERIC MACCABE, Ventriloquist, Mimic,
&a., in his original entertainment, "Begone, Dull Care,"
"Miss Mary May," "Early in the Horning." Balcony, 2s. ;
reserved seats, 3s. ; stalls, ss. ; at Mr. Austin's office, St.
James's-hall, 23, Piccadilly.

A. NIMMO, Acting Manager.

STODARE.-205TH REPRESENTATION.-
THEA VRE OF MYSTERY, EGYPTIAN HALL.
MARVELS in MAGIC and VENTRILOQUISM; the
SPHYNX : a Myst,,ry ; the INSTANTANEOUS GRO vf TH
of FLOWER TREES, and the real INDIAN BASHE'T
TRICK, as only performed by Colonel STODARE, and in-
troduced by him for the first time in this country, April 17,
1865.

Every evening at 8 ; Wednesday and Saturday at 3. Stalls
at Mitchell's. Old Bond-street, and Box-office, Egyptian
Hall. Admission, Is., 2e.; stalls, 3s.

"Almost miraoulons."—Vide Times, April 18, 1865.

GOURLAY'S SCOTIISH CURIOSITIES,
received with shouts of laughter and applause.—
Genuine Suocces.—Crowded Houses. —Everybody going to
MRS.-M`GREGOR'S LEVEE. Mrs. Gourlay, in addition to
many other Ballads, will sing "Janet's Choice," nightly re-
demanded. Little Johnny a decided hit. POLYGRAPHIC
HALL, Charing-cross. Evening at Eight. Saturdays at
Three and Eight.

CHRISTY MINSTRELS, St. James's Hall,
Piccadilly.—The only original and veritable legitimate
CHRISTY MINSTRELS Every Night at 8, Saturdays at 3
and 8, retaining all the specialties and old favourites who
originally created the reputation of the Company. rant, uils,
55.; stalls, as ; unreserved seats, 25.; gallery. Is. Tickets at
Austin's, 28, Piccadilly.—Manager, Mr. Frederick Burgess.

Manchester Chamber of Commerce.

he third quarterly general meeting of the members of
this chamber was held on Wednesday.
TRIBUNALS OF COMMERCE.
On this question Mr. BAZLE3, M.P., said that nothing
more important could engage theattention of that chamber
than the question as to the estallishment of tribunals of
commerce, and in his opinion it would require to be ap-
proached with very great caution. The subject had been
under his consideration for a great number of years. In
the year 1851, and in part of 1E52, he had the honour of
serving upon a mercantile c mission which was appointed
by the Government to inqu e into the commercial laws of
fa
the United Kingdom. Being. hen the president of the Cham-
ber of Commerce, he was selected to represent on that com-
mission the interests of the cottcn trade. The discrepancies
which existed in the commercial laws were very great. The
laws of Scotland differed very importantly from the laws of
England ; the laws of Ireland and England were in greater
harmony than the laws of the north and the south of Great
Britain. That commission reported to the Government,
and their report was well received; but, like a great num-
ber of reports, though acceptable, it had not been acted
upon. (Hear, hear.) That opportunity which was afforded
to him of entering into tie inquiry convinced him of the
necessity of a great and comprehensive reform in the
commercial legislation •,)f the country. He did not think
so much of the administration of the laws as of reducing
them to a state of perfect harmony. He was glad their at-
tention had been drawn to the question of frauds, in refer-
ence to that old statute which required every contract to
be embodied in a written document and did not permit, on
questions of purchase or sale, the testimony of gentlemen
of the highest charneter. bus of importance were put
out of courts of law because written contracts had not been
entered into, and evidence which would be received in cases
of life and death, was not received in actions arising out of
commercial matters. They wore aware that the chief part of
the transactions on the Manchester Exchange were illegal,
because formal contracts were not entered into. Such a
state of things ought to be remedied. Touching the ques-
tion of tribunals of commerce, if he might venture to offer
a suggestion, it would be that that question should be ap-
proached very carefully and very cautiously ; and he would
venture to submit whether they could not with propriety
appoint a deputation to confer with eminent merchants in
London, Liverpool, Glasgow, Bradford, and other great
towns in the kingdom, with the view of ascertaining how
far it might be either desirable or practicable to ask from
the Legislature an enactment that would give to commer-
cial communities tribunals of commerce. He was quite sure
that a solitary application to Parliament, either on the
part of Manchester or Liverpool, London or Glasgow,
would not have much weight or receive much considera-
tion; but, if those great commercial communities could be
united upon a policy, there was little doubt but that the
Government and the law officers of the Crown would feel
bound in honour to pursue the recommendations of such a
body. He thought it would be a great invasion to precipi-
tately change the system which now existed. In his opi-
nion they required a correction of the law rather than an
alteration of administration. If they considered for a mo-
ment what wculd be the effect of establishing tribunals of
commerce, they would find that they were opening new
courts of commercial justice, and the old judges of the land
would perhaps be superseded by commercial gentlemen of 1
eminence ; they would ham commercial juries and com-
mercial advocates, and the system would resolve itself into
one of advocacy just as much as that which at present ex-
isted in our law courts. It would require a teaching and
training on the part of the public mind to accept a new sys-
tem. If such new course was adopted, he thought it would
only be in the course of time, and after some experience,
that it could be practically applied. In common arbitra-
tions, gentlemen who represented the various interests had
become the advocates of those whose interests they had
been appointed to promote. It was not now in arbitrations
as it was a quarter of a century or more ago, when gen-
tlemen were assembled upon a principle of abstract right
to pronounce an opinion upon a commercial difficulty ;
but the arbitrator of one interest now entered into the in-
quiry, with a determination to promote at all hazards, and
to the utmost of his power, the interest of the gentleman
who had named him. His opponent pursued the same
course, and some one had to be called in to give an opinion
between the two contending advocates. It might be that
the gentleman called in was one of sound judgment, or it
might be otherwise ; but our system of arbitration had not
been so universally beneficial as was anticipated when
courts of arbitration were sanctioned by law. All these
facts showed him the necessity of proceeding with very
great caution on such questions. He did not oppose their I
inquiring into this sub let-4kt -on the contrary, it was duo to

the Lout interests of the empire that commerce should have
full speedy and ample justice done to it whenever it was

placed in jeopardy, and he hoped that the course which he
had indicated, and which he should like to see pursued,
might be acceptable to the Chamber, and that a conference
with gentlemen of eminence in the commercial world, from

every great city in the empire, should be con••ened. They
should obtain an assembly of gentlemen and discuss this
question in the fullest manner. If a number of gentlemen
should be appointed on the part of that Chamber to pro-
ceed to such a conference in different parts of the kingdom,
and if his services would be of the least use he would, at
whatever personal sacrifice, go to Glasgow, Liverpool,
Dublin, or wherever the deputation might have occasion
to go. (Hear.) But under all circumstances he did venture
to submit the necessity of cautious deliberation on this
great question. He knew that justice would be obtained in
this country. It was very frequently obtained at great cost,
and sometimes it was much delayed ; but when they saw
they could have justice, it was very desirable that they
should take time to consider how they could supplant a
prevailing system by another which should rival it and be

more acceptable to the country at large. The adjudication
upon all matters of commerce and all monetary questions
would be centred in one great commercial tribunal if the
country was to be placed under a new system. It was of
vital importance that the whole question should receive
the fullest possible consideration, and he wound advise the
Chamber not to commit itself precipitately, either that day
or at any short time hence, to any course whatever. He
would rather recommend that ample information should be
obtained upon the subject, and action taken upon it, in
harmony with other great cities of the empire. (Applause.)
Mr. LEPPOC read a portion of his paper, and said that
having given considerable attention to this subject for
many years, he had come to the conclusion that the plan
which he proposed would be a proper one. He was, how-
ever, open to hear any objections to it, and to give way to
any other arrangements which might be proposed. If
when a tribunal was formed alterations were required in
its working, he should be glad to associate himself with
any committee with the view of making his scheme useful
to a great community.
Mr. CASSELS said he had not been converted by Mr.
Leppoc, to whose assumption that the decisions in English
courts of law were unsatisfactory, he was altogether op-
posed. There were cases in which, at first sight, the deci-
sions did not appear to be based on equity, yet upon a clearer
and deeper insight into the matter it would be found that
those decisions rested upon principles that could not be set
aside without injury to the interests of the community at
large. He objected to Mr. Leppoc's scheme, first, because a
case might be oommenced before one judge and concluded
before another, owing to the rotation of judges; secondly,
because the decisions of such judges would constantly be
conflicting, would settle nothing, have no weight, and form
no precedent ; thirdly, because it would bo very difficult to
find men who were willing to burden themselves with thn
nuiuu Jur. .beppoe would Impose upon them, and I
because it would be impossible to select from their own
body men who would be entirely tree from any charge of
impartiality.

On the motion of Mr. Rusden, seconded by Mr. M'Ker-
row, the debate was adjourned, and Mr. Leppoc's paper was
ordered to be printed and circulated.

COLLISION IN THE CHANNEL.—The Fairlina, of
Jersey, 190 tonsburden, laden with iron, bound from
Stockholm to Liverpool, was towed into Weymouth har-
bour on Wednesday morning last, totally dismantled by
the steamer Newton Colville, having been in collision off
Portland with the bark Hermann, of Bremen, bound from
Havre, for New York. When brought into Weymouth
harbour the Fairlina had four feet of water in her hold, and
her appearance at once showed that the collision must have
been very severe. It is, hoßever, gratifying to state that
no lives were lost on either tassel. The weather is very
unsettled, and a gale is at present blowing from the N.E.,
with rain, and from the preset low state of the barometer
there is every probability of lad weather continuing.

. . _
BREAKFAST BEVE RAGE. --lAmozopathic practitioners, and
es. When the doctrine of
tthhee
mmeesdtichaelaptrtohtfeestseiotnaglel nbeeryaeltbet recommend cocoa as being
g,
hwoemrecetoepbaetheyb
twatcl
was
le fist
no roea
iartr:rd 1 into this country, there
ttions of cocoa either attrac-
tive to the taste or acceptable t,
the stomach ; the nut was
either supplied in the crude slate, or so unskilfully manu-
factured as to obtain little notice. J. Epps, of London,
homoeopathic chemist, was indleed in the year 1839 to turn
his attention to this subje t, ant at length succeeded, with
the assistance of elaborate maednery, in being the first to
produce an article pure In its coti_
position, and so refined by
the perttet trituration it re:..eivk3 in
the process it panes
ibrough, as to be most acceptabt
n to the delicate stomach.
For general use Epps' cocoa is (istinguished as an invigo-
rating, grateful breakfast beve, rate, with a delicious aroma
Dr. Hassall in his work, ""th and Its Adulterations,"
says—" Cocoa contains a great vaiety of important nutritive
principles; every ingredient net:ssary to the growth and
sustenance of the body." Aga "As a nutritive, cocoa
stands very much higher than elf
ler coffee or tea." Direc
tions : —Two teaspoonfuls of the )owder in a breakfast CUD,
filled up with boiling water or Wilk. Secured in tin-lined
1-Ib., Fib , and lib. labelled putt, and sold at ls. 6d. per
lb. by grocers, confectioners, and hemists.

The late Railway Accident at Three

Bridges.

LEWES, Thursday.
The court; of quarter sessions for East Sussex, Mr.
G. Darby, deputy chairman, presiding over a full
bench, was occupied during the greater part of the
day in the trial of an indictment charging Stephen
Johnson and Thomas White, the engineer and fire-
man of one of the powerful new engines of the Lon-
don and Brighton Railway Company, with having,
on the Bth September, disobeyed several bye-laws
with regard to signals, whereby the lives of certain
of her Majesty's subjects had been endangered.
Mr. Beasley (instructed by Messrs. Faithfull, Son,
and Coode) conducted the prosecution ; Mr. Mar-
shall Griffith (instructed by Mr. rook, of Gresham-
street and Greenwich) for the defendants.
The opening of the case by Mr. Besley was very
brief. On the night of the Bth of September the
defendants had to take the mail train from Brighton
to the Bricklayers' Arms Station, leaving at 12.30,
and reaching the Three Bridges at 1.30 a.m., and
the distance being about twenty miles the regulated
pace was of course twenty miles an hour. The
train, however, was ten minutes late at starting,
notwithstanding which it arrived at Three Bridges
four minutes before its time ; and, consequently,
the pace must have been much greater. There
were no less than three danger signals on
the main line visible, two miles --eff, indicating
that the Brighton train was not to enter the`
station at Three Bridges till signalled to
do so ; but, disregarding them all, the driver
drove on, dashed into a train which had just arrived
at the junction from Portsmouth, by the Mid Sussex
short cut, injuring the guard, destroying a number of
trucks, upsetting the engine, and causing altogether
a pecuniary loss to the company stated in the news-
papers at the time to be between £2,000 and £3,000.
The theory of the prosecution was that the accident
arose from the driver of the engine having gone to
sleep.

The principal bye-laws which the defendants were
charged with infringing were as follow :
" Drivers and guards are requested to pull up
their trains at the distant signals when at ' stop ;'
having done so they must, without a moment's
delay, move gently forward as far as the road may
be clear, to await a signal from the semaphore to
proceed, and to be within the distant signal as far
as possible for protection against the following
trains.

" The driver must on no account run before the
time specified in the time table.
" Every servant is responsible for supplying him-
self with the time tables.

" The engines must approach all stations cau.

tiously, so as to be able to stop before reaching
them, if required, without the violent application of
the brakes.

"No engine driver is to pass a caution signal at
a speed greater than 15 miles an hour. This of

course applies to all junctions and places where
caution-signals are habitually displayed, as they will
only be thus used at places where caution is con-

stantly necessary."
To prove the facts mentioned in the opening, and

the particular infraction of these bye-laws, Mr.
Besley called Mr. John White, of Whitehall-gardens,
Westminster, managing clerk to the company's
solicitor ; Mr. John Woodhead, clerk in the com-

pang's locomotive dapartment ; G. Wenham, guard
of the train (who saw the danger signal a mile off,

applied his brake, and who was so much shaken by
the collision as to be obliged to lay up fora fortnight)
William Fowler, under guard of the train (who also

saw the danger signal, and applied his brake) ;
Rober Edwards, signal man at Three Bridges (who
showed that the train ran the distance from Bal-

combe Tunnel to Three Bridges, 21 miles, in four
minutes) ; reter Mousey, an attendant on the

trains at Three Bridges ; and Mr. Joseph Craven,
the superintendent of the locomotive department of
the railway.

The latter witness admitted that, contrary to the
regulations of the company, drivers of trains some-
times ran at excessive speed in order to make up
lost time.

Mr. Darby said the practice was one to be depre-
cated, and which the superior officials of the com-
pany ought to put a stop to. Of what use were
regulations as to speed if they were habitually in-
fringed ?

Mr. Griffith made a powerful appeal to the jury,
and urged that the accident arose from the com-
pany's servants being fatigued by over work.
After a careful summing up by the Chairman, the
jury found Johnson, the driver, who was first tried,
guilty.
Mr. Besley said the defendant had been in the
company's service 13 years and bore a good cha-
racter.

White, the fireman, then withdrew his plea of
not guilty and pleaded guilty., whereupon he was
discharged on his own recognisance to appear and
receive judgment if called on. Johnson, after a
reminder of the serious responsibility attaching to
the occupation of a railway driver, was (good cha-
racter considered to the fullest extent by way of
extenuation) sentenced to four months' imprisonment
without hard labour.

Shocking Suicide at Southwark.

- -

Yesterday afternoon, Mr. W. Carter, the coroner for East
Surrey, held an inquiry at the Duke of Clarence Tavern
Penton-place, Kennington-road, respecting the suicide of
Mary Brown, aged 74.

Elizabeth Samsone, the wife of a painter, living at 5,
Lanton-street, London-road, said she know the deceased
by living with witness. She passed by the name of Brown.
On Monday last, about half-past five in the afternoon, she
was in her room having tea, when she heard a noise as if
something had fallen over head. She knew the deceased
was at home. She went upstairs and called the deceased
by her name, and getting no answer she opened the room
door, and discovered her lying on the floor with her clothes
covered with blood. Witness said to the deceased, " What
have you done ?" and the deceased said, " I have cut my
throat with a razor ?" She went for her husband to go for
a medical man, who attended and strapped up the wound.
She was then conveyed by the police to St. Thomas's Hos-
pital.

Police-c0n.61,1. 4RO A said that about c o'olocK on awn-
day evening last he was called to the house in question. Ho
therdsaw a woman wfth her throat cut in a frightful man-
ner, and he asked who did it, and the deceased said, "I
did it myself with my brother's razor." Medical aid was
immediately sent for, and the deceased was ordered to be
taken to the hospital.
Mr. Frederick Henry Ward, the resident surgeon of St.
Thomas's Hospital, said on the evening of last Monday ho
received the deceased, and it was found that she had sus-
tained a shocking cut wound on the throat extending from
lift to right. She died on Tuesday last from the effects
of the wound.

Several other witnesses were examined, who gave similar
testimony.

The Jury returned a verdict of " Temporary derange-
ment."

The inquiry then terminated.

Guri ACCIDENT.—A very melancholy accident
occurred at Munstead-heath, near Godalming, Sur-
rey, on Wednesday afternoon. A shooting party, who had
been enjoying the hospitality of Mr. Murray Marshall,
were on the heath looking for pheasants, and among them
was Julius Coast-Ir, the celebrated Surrey cricketer. A man
named Foster, a servant of Mr. Marshall, was "beating'.
the heath. Julius ecasar had, like the rest of the party, his
gun loaded, and while Foster was crossing the field in front
of him, from some accidental circumstance, it exploded,
and the entire charge of shot lodged in Foster's spine.
Medical aid was procured as quickly as possible, but there
is not the slightest hope of the sufferer's recovery.
AN AFFECTIONATE WIFE.—In several of the vil-
lages of the Pyrenees the mountaineers are in the
habit of training nnimals for the purpose of exhibition.
The prefect of Perpignan passed through one of them in
company with an officer of gendarmes. The latter pointed
out to the magistrate a woman whose husband, a bear
trainer, had been devoured by his pupil at a moment when
instinct got the better of education. have nothing left,"
said the woman ; "I am absolutely without a roof to shel-
ter me and the poor animal." " Animal !" exclaimed the
astonished prefect; you don't mean to say that you keep
the bear that devoured your husband!" "Alas!" she re-
plied, " it is all that is left to me of the poor dear man."