The Sun.
London, England, 1865-01-10 00:00:00

ROYAL • CAMBRIDGE MUSIC HALL,
Commercial-street, Shoreditch.
(Close to the Great Eastern Terminus'.
Sole Proprietor, Mr. G. W. Nu G FIN T.
.sr,ppiAL ATTRACTIONS.. . .
Operatic Selections, &c. Prima Donna, Miss ELLIEON.
The Comic strength of the Col:tunny includes ANNIE
ADAMS, NE LLY POWER., J. G. leo EIDE, ♦VEST, GEO.
LEYBOURNE, Mr. HERBERT, J. F. ALEXANDER and.
Family; LES FRERES CAVA LLINI, the great Italian
Clowns and Gymnasts, from the Cirque Napoleon, Parts,
their first appearance in England.
Permanent prices—Area, 4d. ; balcony, 6d.; stalls,
Manager and Conductor, Mr. C. GAB' VILLE.

MADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION.
established 29 years at the Bazaar„Baker-street.
NEW AD DITION.—A Full-length PORTRAIT MODEL
of MULLER, taken from life, and corrected from the Cast
taken by Doctor Donovan, is now added to the Chamber of
Physiognomy.
Open, on Boxinz Day only, from 10 a.m. till 10 p.m,; other
days from 11 a.m. till 5 p.m., and from 7 All 10.
Admittance, One Shilling; extra rooms, Sixpence.

ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street,
Piccadilly.
LEVY will appear at nine, ten, and eleven o'clock during
the week and play new music nightly.
Admission, One Shilling.

Deducting from these numbers the natural average
mortality of four-years-that is to say, 200,000 men
—and we have a figure equivalent to the number of
fighting men now, remamiiir in the Confederacy,
leaving out of account the mortality attributable to
the war. The account thus far stands thus •
Number between 17 and 50 in 1864
Arrivcd at 17 since 1860 .. r,655

T,,tal
Deduct natural mortally

1,63,3.6
200,000

Aggregate reminder •1,431,35 a
To find out the number remaining within the
actual limits of the Confederacy and under the
control of our laws, we must make considerable
deductions from these figures. Our estimate of
deductions stands as follows :

Arkansas, one-half
Louisiana, one-half
Tennessee, two-thirds
Virginia, one-halt

,Between Arrived at 17
17 and 60. since.
• .. 39,500 .. 10,266
.. 43.750 .. 11,316
65,033 .. 16,890
• .. 124,050 .. 29,680
272,313 .. 68,182
68,182

Total ; 340,315
Such additions as may be made to the above by
under-estimates for the Stateo named and by omis-
sions for, others will be more than counterbalanced
by recruits from Kentucky, Maryland,a,nd Missouri,
and refugees from other portions of our territory.
We come now to another necessary computation,
for which facilities ought to exist, but for which,
unfortunately, we do not posess the requisite data.
We mean the number of men,killed in battle, or who
have died of disease, or who have been permanently
disabled by the casualties of war. It is useless to
attempt even an approximation to absolute precision
in an estimate of this kind. We can only assume
a number which, in all reasonable probability, must
include the true number. If we assume, for in-
stance, that the casualties in General Lee's army
for this campaign have amounted to 85,000, we
shall exceed what we know to be the truth. If we
suppose, of this number, 5,000 to have been killed
and 5,000 to haie been permanently disabled by
wounds, we have, for this army, a reduction of
10,000. If we assume an equal number for the
Army of Tennessee, and still another equal number
for the other armies of the Confederacy, we shall
have 30,000 as the figure within which must be
included the number of killed and permanently dis-
abled by wounds. Admitting extraordinary dis-
eases—that is to say, diseases attributable entirely
to the military service, and, therefore, not to be
estimated in the ordinary mortality—to exceed the
above
expressive by
50 per cent., and we have 45,000
as reduction from this cause. Thus
expr numberee of the
we have a total reduction during the yeair of 75,000
men. But this year has been much more fertile in
casualties than either of the former years of war.
In the first year the losses in battle were almost
nothing. In the second and third years they were,
perhaps, nearly as large as in this one.. Let us,
' therefore, adopt the following estimate of the losses
incnrred since the beginning of the war

1861 .. •.
1862 •. ••
1E63 ..
1864

30,000
60,000
60,00)
75,000

Total actual lo a .• 22vvo
From these premises we construct the following

table :
Number between 17 and 50 in 1869
Arrived at 17 since 1860

.. 1,299,730
.. 331,650

Total .. •• 1.611,163
Deduct for ordinary mortality .. .. 200,000
For population within enemy's lines .. 340,515
For losees in battle and by unusual diseases 225,00)

Remainder .. 805,81
1
Deduct 10 per cent. for exemptions for dig •
ability and other causes
Prisoners in the enemy's hands

86,584
E 0,01.0

Subject to military duty ..

729,257

Thus it will be seen that, making all allowances
for death from ordinary and extraordinary causes,
and for the diminution of the area of our
population, there must be at this momtnt
within the Confederacy and subject to the
control of our laws more than seven hun-
dred thousand arms-bearing men. We have in
our estimate made no allowance for those who
annually pass beyOnd the age of 50, because their
number is mall, and moreover they axe ea capable

three survivors of the Burnside's crew were rescued.
The ten others composing her crew were drowned,
and the three survivors experienced great hardships
while on the wreck. The City of Dublin arrived at.
New York on the 28th ult., and by that means we
have the following account of the disaster from the
official report of Captain Eynon :—Dec. 17, lat.
49.41, long. 31.14, fell in with a wreck, which on
approaching the steamer's wheels were stopped, and
one of the ship's lifeboats manned and lowered irn_
mediately, and in charge of :the second officer, Mr.
Peter Fletcher, who in the most daring manner, in
the face of a high sea, succeeded in rescuing from
the wreck three survivors, namely, George Smith,
steward, of Liverpool; Gilbert Duncan, a seaman,
of Shetland ; and John Johnston, a seaman, of
Gottenburg, Norway. The remaining ten, whose
names we have not learned, had perished. The
wreck was the British bark Burnside, of Greenock,
and when first seen had her fore lower mast stand-
ing and part of the rigging ; also the lower mizen-
mast. The extreme fore and aft part of her seemed
to be occasionally above water, but the whole main
deck was immersed and the sea making a clean
breach over her. Upon approaching her the three
men were seen standing by the rudderpost, and
occasionally immersed in the water ; their condition
was most deplorable, having scarcely any clothing
about •them except some pieces of old sail tied with
bits of spun yarn ; their fish and particularly
their arms, feet, and legs, were swollen and of a
putrid appearance, in 'some places broken out in
boils ; and they were •so weak and exhausted
that it was only with great exertion and the excite-
ment of their being rescued that enabled .them to,
stand. Having got on board the steamer in safety
they were kindly cared for by Dr. Beach, and on
their arrival at this port were convalescent and able
to walk about. From the statement of these men it
appears they left New York for Greenock, laden
with oak timber, with a crew of 13, all told, on the
Bth November. They had fine weather up to the
morning of the 7th December, when it blew a strong
gale from the south-west, with a high sea, which
washed away the galley and deckhouse forward,
where the crew were quartered ; they also lost one
of the two boats and the bulwarks, thus being left
without the means of cooking food and without
shelter. The bark was then hove to, under close
reefed maintopsail, and all hands were kept con-
stantly at the pumps, where they were lashed. She
had at this time 7ft. water in the hold, which kept
gaining on the pumps till 5 p.m. on the 11th, when
the gale seemed to abate, when the foretopsail and
foresail were set and the bark put before the wind,
when she fell over on her beam ends, bursting the
hatches and main deck, carrying away the remain-

ing boat, and the deck cabin with all the stores, and ,
as every one was on deck at the time every one was
washed overboard. Six managed to get on board
again, the remaining seven were seen no more. The
captain got into the main rigging with his head just
above water, the second mate got into the fore rig,
ging, and the three survivors, with a boy, were
enabled to get into the mizen rigging, the ship re-
maining on her beam ends, with her masts and loose
sails in the water, for about an hour and a half,
when the foretopmast, mainmast, and mizentopmast
gave way, carrying the captain with them. She thus
became relieved, and righted her decks amidships
under water, and the two ends about 2ft. above the
sea,which went clean over her the whole time. When
daylight appeared on the 12th, the second mate was
seen lashed in the fore rigging, and apparently
dead, and not being able to get near him, he
remained there until Wednesday, the 14th, with
his head down and his feet up ; eventually the sea
washed him to pieces, a part of his body remaining
in the rigging when the others were rescued. The
boy, who got into the mizen rigging with the sur-
vivors, perished from cold.and,fatigue on _the morn-
ing of the 12th, and was washed away from them
soon after they observed he was dead. Thesurvivors,
soon after the vessel righted, gained the monkey poop,
a small space aft, about 4ft. by 10ft., and raised
above the main deck about 2ft., upon which for-
merly stood the wheel. Here they lashed themselves
to the rudderpost, but the sea, which was constantly
breaking over them for six days and nights, would
occasionally carry one of them adrift, who, with the
assistance of his fellow-sufferers, would regain his
position. It was from here the boy.was Washed away
when dead, and whence they were rescued by the men
from the City of Dublin. For the six days they
were on the wreck they were without food, -except a
few pieces of biscuits which floated near them, which
were saturated with salt water. Fresh water they had
not a drop of, and were without clothing except the
wet pieces of canvas which the man Johnston
' managed at great risk to cut from the mizen-mast,
where it hung the first day.—Liverpool Courier.

BREAKFAST BEVERAGE.—Tioniceopathio practitioners,
and the medical profession generally, recommend cocoa
as being the most healthful of all beverages. When the doc-
trine of homocopathy was first introduced into this country,
there were to be obt fined no preparations of cocoa either at-
tractive to the taste or acceptable to the stomach ; the nut
was either supplied in the crude state, or eo unskilfully
manufactured as to obtain little notice. J. Epps, of London,
Uomecopathic Chemist, was induced in the ye tr.18.33.t0 turn
his attention to this subject, and at length succeeded, with
the assistance of elaborate machinery, in being the first
to produce an article pure in its composition, and so refined
by the perfect trituration it receives in the process it passes
through, as to be most acceptable to the delicate stomach.
For general use Epps's Cocoa is distinguished as an invigo-
rating, grateful breakfast beverage, possessing a most deli-
cious aroma. Dr. Hassall, in his work, "Food and its
Adulterations," says —" Cocoa contains a great variety of im-
portant nutritive principles—every ingredient necessary to
the growth and sustenance of the body." &gain, "11_84,a_
nutritive, cocoa stands very much higher than either co.o
or tea." Directions—Two teaspoonfuls of the powd:.cut
rn ':
e
y
breakfast cup, filled up with boiling water or milk
and so.
bd
in tin-lined Vb., alb., and 11b. labelled packets, ld
AoaTT.]
all grocers, tontectionere, aud chemists.—[

" Upon the other hand, it is indisputable, according to
article 11 of the Federal Act, that the Federal Governments,
among themselves, have upon no assumption the right of in-
dependent action, but are bound to bring all their disputes
into the Federal Assembly for reconciliation. Even with
the best desire possible we are therefore unable to see, in
the determination of the Prussian Government to await the
resolution of the Federal Diet, anything further than the
simple fulfilment of the first and most indispensable Federal
duty, equally as in the opposite case we should have been
compelled to recognise an open breach of the Confederation
in, any active proceedings against the Saxon Government.
" The question of occupation is in other respects now
settled ; but the Prussian Minister of State at the same
time considers it not superfluous to leave us no doubt as to
the determination of the Prussian Government, in face of
every wrongly-passed resolution of the Diet, to make full
use of the liberty of action for the preservation of its rights
accruing to it from the violation of treaties. We are there-
fore almoit forced to 'believe that the real object of Herr
vun Bismark's despatch is to deter the King's Government
front every further vote in the Federal Assembly to which
-tire Prussian Government doeg not acknowledge its right.
Should this be so, we must equally leave no doubt to the
Prussian Government that it is our firm determination, as
hitherto so also in future, to base our votes solely on our
own convictions, and only to permit the fundamental laws
and resolutions of the Federal Assembly to decide upon its
competence, and not the will of an individual Government.

•
We attach value to the continuance of the Confedera-

tion, not indeed because it affords us greater advantages or
security than any other members of the Diet, but, because,
as we have already stated, we consider it a duty to uphold
the political bond of the entire German nation. But it is
not our intention to allow the character of the Confedera-

tion, as an association of States having equal rights, to be
shackled in such a manner that a single member should be
able to prescribe the measure of its action.

" I request your Excellency to communicate this despatch

to the Minister of State at the Court to which you are ac-
credited, and to leave with him a copy of the same ; and I
embrace this opportunity to renew the assurance of my
most distinguished consideration.

" VON DER PFORDTEN.
"To his Excellency Ambassador Count Montgelas,
at Berlin."

HIGHWAY ROBBERY IN SALFORD.--John Smith,
a well-Ithown thief living in Portland-street, was charged
at the Salford Town Hall, on Saturday, with assaulting
Samuel Bradbury, Commercial Inn, Stockport, and stealing
from his person a £5 note and watch. On Thursday, about
noon, the prosecutor was in the Sun Inn, Gartside-street,
and happened to offer the note for change, which could not
be had. He replaced the note in his pocket-book, and in
a few minutes left the vaults. He was followed by the
prisoner and two other men, who dogged him until he
reached Gore-street, New Bailey-street. He was near the
Cotton Tree Inn, when the prisoner and another man came
up to him. Each took hold of one of the prosecutor's hands,
and the prisoner inquired how he was. The prosecutor
had no sooner replied that he was not very well than the
prisoner took the book containing the note out of the pro-
secutor's pocket, while the second man snatched his watch
with the guard, struck him, and put his hand over his mouth
to prevent an alarm. The prosecutor seized the prisoner,
who, after struggling about a minute, made his escape with
the other man. Blood flowed freely from the prosecutor's_
mouth and nose, from the effect of the blow he had re-
ceived. Sergeantllick, of the Salford detective police ap-
prehended the prisoner on Friday morning.—He denied the
charges, and was committed for trial at the assizes.
EGYPTIAN BEES.—In Lower Egypt, where the
blowing of flowers is considerably later than in the
upper districts, the practice of transporting beehives is much
followed. The hives are collected from different villages
along the banks, each being marked and numbered by the
proprietors to prevent future mistakes. They are then
arranged in pyramidical piles upon the boats prepared to
receive them, which,. floating gradually down the river,
and stopping at certain stages of their passage, remain there
a longer or shorter time, according to the produce afforded
by the surrounding country. In this manner the bee-boats
sail for three months. The bees having culled the honey
of the orange flowers in the Said, and of the Arabian jessa-
mine and other flowers in the more northern parts, are
brought lfck to the places from which they had been car,-
ried. Tins procures for the Egyptians delicious honey and
abundance of beeswax. The proprietors, in return, pay
the boatman a recompense proportioned to the number of
hives which have been thus carried about from one ex-
tremity of Egypt to the other. The celebrated traveller
Niebuhr saw upon the Nile between Cairo-and Damietta a
convoy of 4,000 hives in their transit from Upper Egypt to
the coast of the Delta.
CANADIAN MILITIA.—The ballot for the service
militia takes'place on the 30th of December, 18a6dt.
Sixty-one battalions are to be draughted in Uppe
795 men, it follows that if the law is fully
and 51 in Lower Canada. As each battalion
.isdtoor:natis%
d 40,5e45 in Lower
will be draughted in Upper Canada,
th the officers to more
therefore amount to 89,040 men,
enrtinue organized for three
Canada. The force, exclusive of
ithaeu Volunteers, would
than 100,000. The battalions ,<?.,„ a
new ballot. The Act
years, and are then succeeded
provides that the Comm.
qnder-in-Cief may call out the
also'call it out forsix A
for service, and that be may
militia so draughted, at any time, in order to organise it
when each non-commissionedsoct officer and
year,
at the rate of
Qenuesenacsdary:guanladtiofnsor
and
be well, in order to prevent
m drill
nhl bye
r m y subject.„ Ittomtahye
misconception, to state that the Commander-in-Chief's
order to organize these service battalions was not called for
toirmadeersbefoinrgthb;A
by the recent complications, but is simply a carrying out of
that portion of the Act which provides, " that at some
period of the year 1864, to be fixed by the Commander-in-
Chief, and in each third succeeding year," the registrars
shall proceed to ballot as above stated for candidates. The
ballot was put off to the very last moment.—Morttrea/
Gazette.