The Sun.
London, England, 1865-09-21 00:00:00

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sets in, the evacuations being slimy an y / 4
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PLEURO-PNEUNONIA, OR LUNG DI-- --
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ESEASE.

The attack is mostly insidious, the animal appearing at
the outset to be but little affected. The eyes retain their
brightness often to the termination of the illness. The
appetite is generally diminished, but rarely lost, excepting
in advanced stages of the disease. A short, dry, husky
cough is ono of the earliest symptoms; it continues through-
out, and is easily excited by moving the animal, especially
if such movement is sudden. There is rarely any discharge
from either the eyes or nostrils. The breathing is greatly
increas-d, and becomes painful as the disease advances. A
dull sound is emitted on gently wrcussing, the side of the
chest over the diseased lung. Firm pressure applied to this
part will also cause the animal to shrink. There is little or
no alteration in the local evacuations, excepting in the last
stages of the malady, when a diarrhma comes on. The
warmth of the body and the extremities is often retained
to the last hours of the illness. In mulch cows the milk
is lessened ; but the animal will frequently yield a fair
quantity to the very last. The affected animal will some-
times live for weeks.

PRICE 4d.
STAMPED sd.'

`over, so that a voyage in sailing vessels is endurable, the
embarkation begins. The months in which the largest
proportion of the emigrants sail are March and April, and
the arrivals are greatest in May and June. A vessel sail-
ing before April is frequently two months on the ocean,
and nothing is therefore gained by so early a start. The
emigrant waits for genial weather and a pleasant voyage.
There is every reason to e-xpect a heavy emigration next
year—if not an amount of it unparalleled in recent years.
The unofficial advices received by the agent of the Coin-
inissioners of Emigration, Mr. Gasserly, indicate that a
vast number of emigrants expect to be on their way here
next spring."
Crimes and accidents continue to be numerous.
A case of " lynching" is reported at Knoxville,
Tennessee. The Chattanooga Gazette says a diffi-
culty occurred at Knoxville on the sth, between W.
S. Hall, a clerk of the Circuit Court at Knoxville,
and a young man named Baker, late of the rebel
army, resulting in the death of Hall. Baker was
committed to gaol, but the citizens got him from the
Sheriff and hung him.

lioen.fgthoAre
pulse,
THE MOUTH AND FOOT DISEASE.
Attack sudden. No premonitory symptoms, excepting
in very rare instances. The animal frequently smacks its
thealw existenceamy
so ulvt
hl
01
white
ea
large
indr
geeolou blistersr
lips, and shows by the movements of its tongue that the
An
pperli p. examination
T ahneodyf
aorfet thee
fne mwdoriunotphns
number,
b co
insteadwrs,
at the
mouth is the seat of suffering. The saliva flows freely from
.accumulates
T toh tnlee
taohal
or
also
tongue,nmaoas
animal
adsi
sefrldouatoihn.mbyda,
niflo.
ecfufetuieds
eon
fasoer
no
tuhtnhe food,der
nor is the temperature of the body
theitnh
ne 0
breathing
part
altered. The evacuations are also natural. In many but
swallowingrolls it aboutiL
Thereits
imouth,s little
in-
stances the feet are affected as well as the mouth, and blis-
ters will form between the toes, causing the animal to walk
tenderly, and frequently to catch up one foot after the
other and shake it, as if to dislodge something which was
producing pain. In milch cows the teats are occasionally
affected with blisters, especially at opening of the milk duct,
which lead on in this situation to sores and crusts, and pre-
vent the ready flow of the milk. The disease is of short
duration, rarely produces death, and frequently exists
simultaneously among the sheep, pigs, and poultry of the
farm, as well as among the cattle.
The preceding description of the most prominent symp-
toms of these several affections will, the committee hope,
so far guide the agriculturist that he may at once be
enabled to decide on the nature of the disease ; but in any
case in which a doubt may exist, he should lose no time in
calling to his assistance the professional aid of a veterinary
surgeon.

A very excited state of feeling exists between the
whites and blacks in Chattanooga.
Among the most conspicuous of the accidents was
the blowing up of a train by an ammunition car. It
occurred on the North-Western railroad of Tennessee.
The train consisted of eight cars and passenger
coaches, and there were nearly 200 persons on board.
The two foremost cars contained powder, shot, and
shell, and, it was supposed, sparks from the loco-
motive communicated with the powder through
cracks in the car, causing the explosion. Seven
persons were killed outright, and nearly all received
more or less injury. The fireman was killed, the
engineer badly injured, and the conductor slightly.
Among the slightly injured was Mr. Van Valken-
burg, Assistant-Superintendent of Telegraphs. All
the cars were blown to pieces except the two in rear.
The engine was badly wrecked. The concussion
was terrific, and shook the buildings in town like
an earthquake.
The telegraph to California is once more in work-
ing order ; there are no Indians on the route, and
no further troublei from that source are anticipated.
News is expected of a battle between General Con-
nor's forces and the Indians, in or near Big Horn
River, a branch of the Yellowstone.

The committee would further observe that they have wit-
nessoc
o erad p
evr int
sha
ts
nt
gi s fs
oa cetiieotni
etsh
ino f os
on nm ae t
oi of nt
ho fe me
ouut
nu
tail p r()
si
no t
we cht oe
hn
the disease has broken out. Such societies must prove im-
portant auxiliaries to the means employed for suppressing
the disease by inducing persons to give immediate notice of
its appearance, and by doing all they can to carry out the
rules and regulations herein named, as well as the several
Orders in Council which have been issued by the Govern-
ment.

The Cattle Disease.

The following paper has just been issued by the
Royal Agricultural Society of England in relation
to the Cattle Plague

In conclusion, the committee have to state that although
strongly believing that it is to preventive, and not curative
means the country must look for the extermination of the
cattle plague, they have not neglected the important subject
of combating the disease by medical treatment. In con-
junction with the Royal Veterinary College measures have
been adopted by which diseased cattle are admitted into
the infirmary of that institution for treatment. Hitherto,
the results of medical treatment have nowhere been so Mt_
tisfactory as could be wished ; but should a successful mode
of treatment be discovered, the same will immediately be
made public. Another and a very great advantage arising
out of diseased cattle being brought to the college is, that
means are afforded to veterinary surgeons—who arrive in
London from all parts of the country, and even from foreign
States—of seeing the disease in its several stages, and also
of being present at post-mortem examinations,and learning
from the professors the whole of the details of the treat-
ment which had been adopted.

The gradual extension of the Cattle Plague in different
parts of the country, together with its appearance in locali-
ties hitherto exempt from it, induces the Veterinary Com-
mittee of the Royal Agricultural Society to call upon its
members to co-operate with the Government, and with other
agricultural societies, in the efforts which are being made
for suppressing the disease.

The existence of this disease being regarded as a national
calamity, it was right that the Government should take the
initiative in adopting means for its suppression ; and their
having done so leaves little for the Royal, or any other agri-
cultural Society to do, except to second the efforts of the
Government.

The several Orders in Council which have been put forth,
well calculated as they are to arrest the progress of the
malady, will, nevertheless, prove non-effective to a conside-
able extent unless they are backed by individual exertion.
One of the chief, and in many instances the only cause of
the extension of the disease into several fresh districts has
been the reckless manner that many persons have dealt
with infected cattle. Not only have these been driven from
place to place, and turned into fields separated only from
large herds of healthy animals by an ordinary fence, but
many have been sent to fairs and markets ; and thus, by
commingling with othors, have spread the disease far and
wide. All preventive measures aro thus rendered of little
avail, and unless practices of this kind are prevented by the
vigilance of agriculturists and others, thousands of cattle
will be lost to the country, in addition to those which have !
already perished. Everyone should be impressed with the

fact that the disease is the most infectious as well as the
most fatal which is known to affect cattle, akin in its deadly
effects to the smallpox of sheep, but not giving warning to

persons Dy an eruption upon the -body.—Like smallpox of
sheep, also, the poison lie,: latent in the system for several
days after being inhaled, :and during this time the animal
gives no indication of being affected, so that the most cau-
tious persons may be deceived in the making of purchases.
Another fact of equal importance, but not generally known,
is that the special poisonous material, or infectious matter,
on which the disease depends for its existence, is multi--
plied to an extent scarcely to be estimated in the system
of every fresh victim, so that it is quite possible for one
diseased animal to be ultimately the cause of tho death of

thousands. The Veterinary Committee conceive, there-
fore, that the precautions which have been put forth by the
Society's Veterinary Inspector will not be inaptly repeated
here, although they have been previougy brought to the
notice of the members of the society through the ordinary
channels of publication.
These precautions are _

1. That all persons should abstain as much as possible

from the purchase of " store stock" in fairs andmarkets, and
should not purchase from cattle dealers withoutawarranty
against the disease.

2. That all newly-purchased cattle of every kind bekept
apart from others for a period of not less than twelve to
fourteen days. .
3. That cattle, the subjects of this disease, should notbe
allowed to remain in any meadow or pasture field, unless
they can be perfectly isolated from all other animals, as
well as kept at a distance of not less than a hundred yards
from all roads along which sound cattle may be driven.
4. That every animal which is violently attacked with
the disease be killed and buried without delay, and that
the skin be placed in some disinfecting fluid before being
sent off the premises.

5. That no animals be allowed to go near to the burial-
places until several weeks have elapsed.
6. That no person who has the charge of the sick cattle
be allowed to go near the healthy ones, and that all in-
direct communication by dogs, or other animals, between
the infected and the healthy cattle be strictly prevented.
7. That all healthy cattle, after removal from the dis-
eased, be well washed and cleansed.
8. That no fodder or straw which has been used about in-
fected cattle be taken to other animals, orevon thrown into
the fold-yard, or upon the manure heap, until it has been
first well incorporated with chloride of limo, or some other
disinfecting powder. When practicable, it is desirable that
all such fodder and straw should be burnt.

9. That all manure in the sheds or stables, occupied by
diseased cattle, be daily sprinkled with some disinfecting
powder, and that no evacuations of the deceased be re-
moved without being first disinfected.
10. That all sheds and stables in which diseased cattle
have been located be thoroughly washed, cleansed, and ven-

tilated, and likewise disinfected by white washings with
quick lime, before any other cattle are placed therein.

11. That all railway cattle-trucks, station-pounds, ships
used in the cattle trade, wharves, and other places where
cattle are brought together, be kept as clear as possible by
frequent washings ; and that disinfectants be used when-
ever there is reason to believe that they have been occu-
pied by diseased animals.

12. That no store-stock, milking cows, or cattle of any
kind which have been exposed to the influence of the infec-
tion, by being located with the diseased, be sent to any fair,
or market, in less than a month after such exposure.
13. That in all cases in which it is determined to slaugh-
ter animals which have been on a farm-or promises where
the disease has broken out, but which animals aro believed
at the time to be healthy andfit for humau food, they be
sent with all due care and caution direct to the nearest
slaughter-house, if not killed on tho premises, and as a
further precaution, their skins be placed to some disinfect--

aollracnoinmaailtsioonf,
ing fluid.
the ox tribe, whatever mayl)e
r ibeen te eh
e hi
ra s
age,sh o sex,w n
14. That, although e
to be susceptible of the action of the infection, it is never-
theless essentially necessary that every cause which tends
to weaken the constitution should bo carefully avoided.
Protection from inclement weather, supplying animals with
nutritious food such as cake or corn, and especially with
pure water, are imperatively demanded at a juncture like
the present.

In addition to a strict observance of those precautions the
committee would remind the members of the necessity of
recognising the early symptoms of the disease, and not con-
founding them with those belonging to other maladies
common to cattle. Foe this purpose they here insert the
loading symptoms of the Cattle Plague, and of the two other
epidemic affections to which cattle are subject:—