The Sun.
London, England, 1865-08-30 00:00:00

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Sun.

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 30, 1865.

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It is satisfactory to notice that the ceremony of the
inauguration of the memorial to the late PRINCE
CONSORT has been successfully got through, and that
nothing was wanting to conduce to the prosperity
of the undertaking. This has been, in truth, a sad
and solemn task, but its pomp and grandeur are
outweighed in most minds by the peculiarly impres-
sive and interesting attributes of the scene. Domestic
life, in its sorrows and sympathies, was shadowed
forth in that pageant no less than the mighty mean-
ing of the outward and visible wish of doing honour
to an illustrious Prince, who was the pride of Ger-
many and the worthy consort of the Queen of
ENGLAND. For the first time for many years all
the children of the QUEEN met on this occasion.
It certainly was an appropriate one, and well
calculated to bring painful and pleasant recollec-
tions to their minds. It is no exaggeration to
say that the children of Queen VICTORIA have
had the wisest training that has ever fallen to
the lot of the young scions of a Royal house.
They have been instructed as members of the j
great human family ; and while they have been
carefully taught what pertained to their position,
they have seen the world to a greater extent
than many might have deemed practicable. Prince
ALBERT could have wished for no more graceful
tribute to his memory than this celebration at
Coburg. It was, in every sense of the word,
a fitting offering. The statue is in itself a work of
art that commands attention, and all its surround-
ings are calculated to impress the beholder. Mr.
TREED, the sculptor, has fulfilled the task intrusted

to him in an appropriate manner, and it must have
been very gratifying to the members of the Royal
Family to see the work so admirably performed. On
part of the pedestal there is an inscription of the
names and titles of the Prince, and at the back the
date of the erection of the monument, with these
German -words of the Psalm—" The righteous shall
live in everlasting remembrance." Such is an ap-
propriate motto for the monument. All must feel
for the QUEEN and her family, and rejoice that they
were thus enabled to fulfil their desires, and to
witness the Inauguration of this Statue to the me-
mory of the loved and lost. At the same time, the
people of this country cannot but think that it is
one of the drawbacks to a higher rank of life that
sorrow may become too prolonged. In humbler
spheres important duties must in time take the place
of sad reveries and mournful tributes. It is truly
said in the beautiful lines on the burial of the dead,
" Then cheerily to your work again." It cannot be
said that anything has been left undone that could
do honour to the memory of the late Prince ;
and is now remains that the strict seclusion
in which the SOVEREIGN has remained should
be exchanged at all events for a partial resumption
of the duties of her high office. It is unfortunate
that, in losing the lamented Prince, her MAJESTY
was deprived of the only one 'who had a right to
advise her ; but it is still to be trusted that she will
listen to those counsels which assure her of the
claims which still call her back to the land of the
living. The example of her lamented husband is
before her, for he never failed in his appropriate
work, and she will find in fulfilling her public
duties the best consolation that can be hers, until
in fulness of time " GOD'S love shall set her at his
side again" whom she so deeply mourns.

Republican America appears to be divided into
as many factions and parties as any of the older
states who have the problems of centuries to settle.
The cessation of the war which has for the last four

years given incessant occupation to the tongues and
pens of rival politicians has now developed fresh
difficulties and given rise to fresh discussions and
dissensions. The PRESIDENT has an awkward posi-
tion, and the honours which have been so suddenly
and unexpectedly thrust on him have hitherto proved
very thorny. He is apparently a man of much de-
termination and perseverance, and he certainly
needs those qualities in his Presidential capacity
more than he required them in fighting his way up
from the lower ranks of the people. There is un-
fortunately a party in the North to whom the
termination of the war means nothing more or less
than the political extermination of the South. They

are eager to confiscate all property, to deprive the
whites on one pretext or another of all political
rights and to hand them over to the negro, to whom
a vote at present can have very few attractions.
If this extreme section had their way they would
soon either kindle a fresh war by driving the
Southern people to extremities or they would
crush them down under a martial law which
could not possibly be maintained over such
immense territories, and so vast a popula-
tion. Happily the PRESIDENT refuses to be dic-
tated to by these extreme Radicals, as they are
called iu the States, and has hitherto, with one
or two exceptions, shown more moderation than
could have been expected of him, and he has
reaped the reward by rapidly rising in European
reputation. At first his antecedents, and his un-
fortunate display at his inauguration as Vice-
President, combined with his repeated diatribes
about the guilt of treason, excited considerable
uneasiness among the English well-wishers of
America and the Americans. Lookers -on see
most of the game, and Englishmen wbo have
watched the fluctuations of the war with the in-
tensest interest, are perfectly convinced that the
life and vigour of the Southern States cannot
have been so suddenly trodden out, and that the
policy which would seek to impoverish and de-
grade the people will only serve to keep alive
the smouldering fire. The accession of the Vice-
President to the supreme power was therefore
looked upon with some misgivings, and the arbi-
trary proceedings at Richmond, coupled with the
cruel severity with which the ex-President of the
Southern States was treated, tended to increase
the feeling. Whether the responsibilities of power
brought calmer reflection and more enlarged views,
or whether the opinion of Europe has weighed with
President JOHNSON, it is certain that he has discou-
raged the extreme views of the Radicals, and has
preferred to ally himself and his party rather with
the Democrats than with the rival section. The
power of the Republicans and Democrats has con-
siderably strengthened Mr. JOHNSON'S position, and
will leave him free to carry out his own notions of
Southern policy. The task of reconstruction is
difficult enough in any shape, without the added
perplexity of the weakness occasioned by divisions
in the North itself. The South, exhausted by the
natural reaction after its prolonged struggle, is just
now in a condition. favourable to pacific efforts,
and it will be a thousand pities if the fanaticism of
the Radicals puts unnecessary obstacles in the way.
Mr. JOHNSON'S scheme is as fair as could be ex-
pected, with one or two exceptions. He has ap-
pointed a Provincial Governor in every Southern
State, with the duty of assembling a State Conven-
tion to recognise the State, and to make such
alterations in its constitution as will bring it in
harmony with the existing laws of Washington.
The abolition of slavery and the re-entrance into the
Union are the two great points insisted upon, and
these no one can quarrel with. The great drawback
is the confiscation clause, which virtually takes
all Southern property over the value of $20,000 out
of the hands of it owners. It has not as yet been
pushed forward with any great rapidity, but it has
gicen rise to a feeling of great insecurity among the
Southern owners of property, and it has done much
to increase the unpopularity of the central authority.
It is most unwise and impolitic, as well as a harsh
and unjust clause, since it is absurd to measure a
man's loyalty in inverse ratio to his property. Be-
cause he has lands or factories above a certain
value he is disloyal, but if his goods do not
quite come up to the specified amount he
may be trusted to keep what belongs to him. The
feeling against this confiscation system is so strong
that Mr. SLlDELL'S.property in Louisiana was sold
at an eighth of its value, from the unwillingness of
people to buy confiscated estates. Two of the Pro-
visional Governors have recently addressed the
people of the States under their charge, Florida and
Texas. Governor MARVIN of Florida spoke frankly
and boldly. He reminded the people of Florida
that on the outbreak of the war the Confederates
had confiscated the property of Union men, and
showed that the reverse of fortune had now con-
fiscated the property of the Southerners. They
were, he said, a conquered people, and at the mercy
of Government, but he assured them of its clemency.
The black man could never, he said, be enslaved
again, and he exhorted them to give him a fair
chance, to teach and encourage him. Governor
MARVIN was no stranger to his hearers, being one
of the oldest citizens of Florida, and deeply interested
in the welfare of his State. His words are, there-
fore, likely to weigh with the people. Governor
lIA3tH,ToN, of Texas, was more downright and less
conciliatory in tone, but still he boldly urged the
duty of the white man towards the negro. Unfor-
tunately the Northerners have nearly as much to
learn as the Southerners in this respect. We can only
hope that both sides may profit by the mistakes and
misfortunes of the past in their conduct for the
future.

The Exhibition of Working Men are among the
most prominent features of our present time, and it
is, indeed, difficult to overrate their importance, or
magnify their influence. At Birmingham, on last
Monday, the Industrial Exhibition of Working
Men for Birmingham and the Midland Counties
was inaugurated. The scene at Bingley Hall was
a very impressive one, and general satisfaction
appeared .to prevail. Lord LYTTELTON delivered
the inaugural address, and he did so very successfully.
The noble lord rightly appreciated the real use of
such undertaking as the one before them, by de-
claring that they purported to increase the
voluntary and intelligent intercourse between the
different classes of society. This is, in fact, why
these affairs ought to be encouraged, and why con-
stant support should be afforded to them by all who
are of ability and influence. Lord LYrrEvroN also
adverted to the great change for the better which
had taken place of late in the intercourse between
classes. DANIEL DEFOE wrote, one hundred
and fifty years ago, concerning this matter, and
said that although the rich knew something of the
doings of the poor, still, on the whole, their suf-
ferings and their views were, so to speak, carried on
by themselves. In recent times a remarkable book
was published, entitled " The Two Nations," and in
this the author showed that the rich and poor were
as little known to each other as if they were a
separate and distinct nation, though living within
the borders of England. The noble lord observed, in
respect to these writings, that they would not be
found so appropriate and characteristic as descrip-
tions of these days. It may be questioned, indeed,
if the twenty years that have elapsed since Mr.
DISRAELI penned his work have not wrought greater
chancres than the long period which passed between
the sayings of DEFOE and the publication of "Sybil."
Doubtless, the spread of education has had a great
deal to do with the happy results of which these
exhibitions are a striking proof and a worthy testi-
monial.

There was also considerable force in what Lord
LYTTELTON said regarding the mingling of classes,
and especially that the working classes themselves
desired it. The desire which each evince to know
something of each other is shown by the literature
of the day. The works of fiction most prized by
the lower classes are those which d.tail the doings

of the aristocracy ; and, likewise, it is well known
that accounts of the existence led by the lower and
humbler ranks are welcomed by the upper ten
thousand. This is as it should be, for it is a great
mistake to suppose that a community can really
flourish and attain to the standard of effi-
ciency if its several component parts are not
on terms of amity and intimacy. Lord LYTTEL-
TON quoted those words of Scripture eminently
suited for the occasion, "To every man
his work;" and such exhibitions as this at Birming-.
ham is peculiarly calculated to encourage this feel-
ing, and promote the object which divine precept
and human experience declared the wisest and best,
the most likely training for here and hereafter. As
Lord LYTTELTON said, " Why should it not be en-
couraging to the artisan to see his works admired ?"
on the same principle that men of the better classes
appreciated the National Gallery and collections of
sculpture, and as Mr. DICKENS might feel when the
" labouring people of this country literally devour
his writings." It is a great point gained for mutual
appreciation of each other's excellencies to prevail
among separate classes. Jealousies and prejudices
are sure to predominate to a certain extent and a
great degree, but these may be counteracted by
judicious efforts. Birmingham, as the noble lord
said, is a very appropriate place for such an exhibi-
tion, on account of its great variety of " trades."
There seems no reason to fear that these exhibitions
should not proceed and prosper, and that they may
do so will be the earnest aspiration and heartfelt
wish of all who appreciate their importance, as pro-
moting intercourse between classes, and furthering
the general advance of intelligence and enterprise
among the community.

Loss OF THE SCREW STEAMER GLASGOW.—The
Board of Trade inquiry into the loss of the Glasgow
was resumed yesterday, when the statement of Captain
Manning was taken. Ho said that he had been in the
Inman service about three years, and had been appointed
master in July, 1864. The cargo was stowed by stevedores,
under the superintendence of the officers of the ship. The
ship was well found and in good condition. Witness had
inspected the cotton in the steerage after the ship sailed.
It was built up with rolls of leather, outside which were
tires of boxes._ From the outside of the boxes to the cotton
the distance was about six feet. He described the means
adopted for extinguishing the fire, and said that everything
that it was possible to do had been done to save the ship.
With reference to the saving of the passengers, ho spoke
very highly of the conduct of the captain of the Resolute,
who, he said, threw overboard 50 or 60 tons of coal to ac-
commodate the people from the Glasgow. There was
plenty of hose on board. Captain Harris observed that
there was no doubt that the loss of the ship had been caused
by an accident, but the result showed that it was very in-
judicious to carry cotton in the steerage. In this case it
had no doubt led to the destruction of the vessel. Lights
had been taken amongst the cotton contrary to the com-
pany's regulations. It was stated by Mr. Bardswell, solicitor
for the owners, that the vessel was insured for £15,000,
but that the freight and passage menoy were uninsured.
He believed the vessel was worth about £25,000. The
Glasgow was, ho believed, the fourth ocean-going iron
screw steamer ever built, and one of the oldest in exist-
ence. The assessors stated that they would forward their
report to the Board of Trade. The captain's certificate
was then returned to him.

GENERAL STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY.—The
81st half yearly meeting of the shareholders in the
General Steam Navigation Company was held yesterday at
their offices, 71, Lombard-street—Mr. John Wilkin in the
chair. The report of the directors and a statement of the
accounts for the half-year to the3OthJune last were read to
the meeting and unanimously adopted. The customary
dividend of 14s. per share, being at the rate of 10 per cent.
per annum, was declared ; and the cordial thanks of the
proprietors were voted to the chairman and directors for
their continued exertions in the management of the com-
pany's affairs.
MR. POTTER AND TRADES' DELEGATES. Mr.
Potter has been censured by his fellow-workmen.
The report presented at the annual delegate meeting of the
trades of London on Monday night contained a passage in
which the council said they could not refrain from stating
their conviction that the terms for arbitration in the Staf-
fordshire strike offered by the Earl of Lichfield and ac-
cepted by the masters had been rejected by the men in
consequence of the 'glowing promises of support held out
to them night after night at the irresponsible meetings
convened by Mr. Potter. An amendment was moved and
seconded that this portion of the report should be struck
out, and a noisy discussion took place, but in the end the
report was adopted entire.

DIOCESS OF LINCOLN.—The Bishop of Lincoln
has offered the vicarage of Ilolbeach, vacant by the
death of the Rev. Prebendary Morton, to the Rev. George
Beatson Blenkin, M.A., of Corpus Christi College, vicar of
Boston. His lordship has instituted the Rev. J. H. Cheales,
M.A., of Brasenose College, Oxford, to the vicarage of
Skendleby, near Spilsby, Lincolnshire, on the nomination
of Lord Willoughby D'Eresby ; the Rev. Wm. H. Cantrell,
M.A., of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, vicar of Atten-
borough with Bramcote, Nottinghamshire, to the rectory
of Bulwell, in the rot-,m of the Rev. John W. Armitage,
M.A., and has licensed the Rev. J. L. Gurney, M.A., to the
curacy of Riseholme, on the nomination of the Yen. Arch-
deacon Kaye.

RUSSIAN TRADE WITH EUROPE.—Some interest-
ing particulars have just been published at St.
Petersburg respecting the trade of Russia with Europe in
1864. According to these data exports in that year ex-
ceeded those in 1863 by over 30 millions, amounting to 171
against 140. Of these 164 millions were sent to Europe,
and 6 millions to Finland. The exports of grain (54 mil-
lions) showed an increase of 10 millions ; wool (19 mil-
lions) exceeded the previous year by 4 millions, and lin-
seed by G millions (18 against 11). The exports of flax
and tallow, on the other hand, each diminished by 700,000
roubles, the former, in 1864, being 15 millions, the latter 9•
The chief remaining articles of export were hemp and
wood (5 millions each), bristles and tow (2 millions each),
cattle, potashes, various unworked metals, hempen thread,
oil, seeds, rope, butter, and undressed leather, 1 million
each ; hemp and flax fabrics, raw silk, linseed and hemp
seed, oil, furs, gallants, fish oil, horses, rags, candles, and
caviare, half a million each. In the total exports raw pro-
duce is represented by upwards of 150 million roubles, and
from 15 to 20 millions only remain for manufactured goods.
In 1863 the export of bullion amounted to 59 millions, in
1864 to 21 millions. It will bo remembered that in 1863
the Bank of Russia exchanged its notes for coin up to the
sth November. Imports in 1864 showed an increase of
17 millions over the previous year, amounting altogether
to 144 millions, 3 millions of which were derived from Fin-
land. Goods not subject to duty imported by Government
and companies from abroad are not included in these
figures, but will be comprised in future accounts, as it is
evident no proper commercial balance can otherwise be
struck. The chief place among articles of import is occu-
pied by cotton, in value 22 millions against 9 millions in
the preceding year ; tea follows with 8 millions against
previous 10 millions. This latter reduction is due to the
increase of duty upon imports taking place across the
European land frontier. A diminution was also observed
in sugars (8 millions against 10 millions), wine (7 mil-
lions against 8 millions), metals, fish, silks, and drugs.
Increase, after cotton, was perceptible, in the import of
machinery and models (7 millions to 5 millions), coals (in-
crease, 1 \million), wool (1 million), chemical products
(1 million), salt (2 millions), worked linens
.(1 million),
woollen and hempen fabrics, &c.
GLENFIELD STARCII.—As an article of domestic
use starch is of great importance, because by its
aid the beauties of the female costume can only be tho-
roughly developed. Foremost among the producers of
that necessary and all-important article stand the Messrs.
Wotherspoon ; because, not content with manufacturing
it in the old conventional manner, they have devoted
both time and money to the improvement and production
of an article of commerce which has secured to them the
patronage of royalty, and which has become one, we
might almost say, of universal use. From the Royal
laundry down to the humblest establishment of the same
description Glenfield Starch is in daily use, and, did
space permit us to give the statistics of the amount pro-
duced, consumed, and exported, the figures would asto-
nish the most careless observer. That the article is one
of superior quality the shirt front and turn-down collar
of every man of taste bears unmistakeable evidence, be-
cause none but an article of first-rate quality would im-
part that unimpeachable gloss and smoothness which now
so greatly distinguishes the linen of " young England."
The manufacturing establishment of the Messrs. Wother-
spoon must be one of great extent, because not only do
they produce starch in enormous quantities, but they pro-
vide the public with confections and biscuit to an extent
almost incalculable. The purity of the articles is un-
doubted, because in each of the Great Exhibitions of Eng-
land, France, and America, in 1851-3-5, and '65, they
received prize medals for their contributions.

MADAME TUSSAUD'S.—We have much pleasure
in calling the special attention of visitors to the metro-
polis to Madame Tussaud's instructive and highly-interest]
ing exhibition in Baker-street, where innumerable relics;
once the property of the Great Napoleon and other dis-
tinguished personages, everywhere meet the eye. Life-
size models of the monarchs of England, from William the
Conqueror to that of her present Majesty, all being attired
in the gorgeous costumes of the respective periods, may
likewise be seen ; and in the chamber of physiognomy are
effigies of the late Jlotorious criminals.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE WEST INDIA AND PACIFIC MAIL.
SOUTHAMPTON, AUG. 30.

The Royal Mail Company's steamer Seine, with
the above mails, has arrived here. She brings 165
passengers, including the Hon. Mr. Jermyn from
Lima, Generals Preston and Walker, and Mr. Ben-
jamin, Secretary of State of the Confederate States,
also $1,686,853 in specie, £2,566 worth of jewellery,
£6,700 worth of precious stones, and a general
cargo.

The Tasmanian, with the mails of the 2d inst.,
arrived at St. Thomas's on the 16th inst.
The revolution in Peru was gaining ground.

The Presidential Government in Lower Peru was
gradually becoming confined to a narrower circle.
The new ship of war Union, on arriving at Val-
paraiso from England, went over to the revolu-
tionary party, and the Peruvian Minister for Chili
left his place, and proceeded in the Union to take
command with the rest of the revolutionary fleet.
The revolutionists were making a combined move-
ment, and had arrived at nuacho, near Lima.
Business throughout the entire country was unsatis-
factory, and the prospects of the President, Pizet,
were gloomy. Exchange, 37d.

The Seine left St. Thomas on the afternoon of
the 13th, shortly after 10 o'clock, when about 50
miles from land the vessel was discovered to be on
fire in the forehold. Most strenuous exertions were
immediately taken by Captain Revett to confine
the fire and prevent all access of air, and the ship
was immediately turned with all speed for St.
Thomas, arriving there , about four o'clock
on the morning of the 14th inst., when,
with the combined assistance of the crews of
the company's vessels in the harbour, the fire was
ultimately extinguished without recourse to scut-
tling the vessel, which at one time was feared.
Holes were cut through the ship's deck and water
poured in, which moderately subdued the fire, but
not until the forehold was nearly gutted and a
great deal of cargo destroyed, mostly cigars. The
passengers, in appreciation of Captain Revett's
active and prompt exertions and discipline of the
crew, presented him with a piece of plate and a
testimonial.

The religious bills under discussion in Chili had
been passed by the Chamber of Deputies. Those
not professing the Roman Catholic religion are
now allowed to worship under other edifices, and
Dissenters are allowed to establish private schools
for the instruction of their children in their own

re!igion.
There was no business news. Exchange 46id.
to 47d.

In Guayaquil everything was quiet. After the
revolution trade steadily improved. The lands be-
longing to the revolutionists were confiscated and
sold.

The tobacco season had commenced in Esmeralda.
The crops were unusually large and fine.

The town of Buenaventura was full of armed
men, who called themselves the Panama expedition.
They stated that they were awaiting the arrival of
another force, and that they would then march for
Panama, their object being the overthrow of that
Government.

The revolution in Ecuador was at an end, and
everything was quiet.

The &overnment of Nicaragua bad delivered up
General Barrios to the Government of Salvador on
a contract being signed that his life should be
spared.

At Trinidad the weather was fine, and the crops
were locking well.

At Barbadoes planting was going on rapidly, and
provisions were cheaper. The town was busy.
The weather was fine at Demerara, and the ma-
nufacturing operations were progressing. Coals
were scarce, and but little produce offering. Freights
unchanged.
At Jamaica the drought was over. The island
had been visited with rains. Business was im-

proving.

The crop of sugar exceeds that of last year by
2,000 hogsheads. The crop of pimento was small,
but the coffee crop was expected to be good. Ordi-
nary sells from 565. to 605., and sugar from 14s. to
18s. Exchange on London, 1/ prem.

BOMBAY AND MAURITIUS MAILS.
ALEXANDRIA, AUG. 28.

The Massilia and Delta left here with the above
mails at 10.20 a.m. to-day for Marseilles and
Southampton respectively.
The former has 795 and the latter 2,459 pack-
ages of cargo.