The Sun.
London, England, 1865-03-02 00:00:00

The Bank Returns,

The Banker's Magazine furnishes the returns of the cir-
culation of the private and joint-stock banks in England
and Wales for the four weeks ending the 4th of February.
These returns, combined with the circulation of the Scotch
and Irish banks for the same period, and the average cir-
culation of the Bank of England for the four weeks ending
the Ist of February (the nearest date furnished by their
returns), will give the following results of the circulation
of notes in the United Kingdom when compared with the
previous month :

Jan. 7, Feb, 4,
1865. 1865. Increase. Decrease.
Bank of England... 19,571,118 20,467,763 £896,615
private Banks ..... 2,959,387 3,074,159 114,792
Joint-stock Banks.. 2,737,440 2,788,089 50649
---.--
Total in England.l 25,267,925 26,330,011 1,062, 089 --
67682
£163,055
ireScoltlnandd. .......................
__1:713,7,750786

United K 541

36,201,295 ra46,7531

And as compared with the month ending the 6th of
February, 1864, the above returns show a decrease of
£381,616 in the. circulation of notes in England, and a
decrease of £261,985 in the circulation of the United
Kingdom.
On comparing the above with the fixed issues of the
several banks the following is the state of the circulation:—
The English private banks are below their
fixed issue ... • " ' £1,138,627
The English joint-stock banks are below their
- 438,268
fixed issue • ..

Total below fixed issue in England ... £1,576,895
The Scotch banks are above their fixed issue... 1,408,305
The Irish banks are below their fixed issue ~. 640,786
The average stock of bullion held by the Bank of Eng-
land
in both departments during the month ending the Ist
as compared with the provions Month, and an increase of
of February was £14,261,014, being an increase of .£144,755
£1,008,972 when compared with the same period last year.
The following are the amounts of specie held by the
Scotch and Irish banks during the month :
Gold and silver held by the Scotch banks . £2,385,119
Gold and silver held by the Irish banks 132,490

£4,517,609
Being a decrease of £76,923 as compared with the pre-
vious return, and an ncrease of £204,556 when compared
With the corresponding period last year.

The CHAIRMAN was received with loud cheers. He
said he had cheerfully responded to the invitation
to preside on the present occasion, sympathising, as
he did, with the cause of Polish independence. This
meeting had been convened by a body of Polish
gentlemen to commemorate the late glorious struggle
in Poland, none the less glorious because it was un-
successful. (Hear.) He had often publicly stated
his appreciation of the noble heroism which had
characterised the people of Poland during the late
struggle, and he regretted that the people of Eng-
land had not come forward some' time back in a
more determined manner in behalf - ef that unhappy
and long-suffering people. (Hear.) The people
of England had missed that, as they had done on
other occasions, the opportunity of rendering mate-
rial assistance to weak and oppressed nationalities.
(Hear.) It was all very well for some people to tell
the Poles to bear their sufferings with patience, but
patience under some circumstances was a crime.
(Hear.) If Englishmen had remained patient under
the oppressions from which they once suffered, and
not risen repeatedly in insurrection, where would
have been the liberties of England? (Cheers.) The
Poles were in a worse condition than the people
of any other country on the Continent. The
whole rights of men and freemen who denied to
them, and it was too much to expect them to re-
main patient under this oppression. (Hear.) He,
at least, was not one of those who would advise
them. (Hear.) Another object of the meeting
was to render sympathy and support to the Poles,
who were suffering for the part they had taken in
the struggle for the independence of their country.
He thought on that point at least there would be no
difference of opinion. (Hear.) The meeting would
be addressed by several gentlemen well acquainted
with the present condition of Poland, who would
lay before them a very different picture from the
state of that country presented by the parasites of
Russia, Prussia, and Austria, in a considerable por-
tion of the press in this and other countries.
(Hear.) In conclusion, he desired publicly to ex-
press his hearty and cordial sympathy with the cause
of Polish nationality. (Loud cheers.)
M. A. ZABICKI, secretary of the Polish National
Committee, then read a long and eloquent address
from the committee to the people of Great• Britain
and Ireland, which was received with much sym-
pathy and applause.
The CHAIRMAN announced that a deputation from
Poland were present, who had brought with them
an address to the people of England, which Mr.
Beales would read to the meeting.

Mr. BEALES then read the address, which was
signed Louis Krolikowski, president, and Count de
Smaglowski, secretary.
Mr. EDMOND BEALES then rose to move the first
resolution as follows :—" That the deliberate de-
struction of the independence and nationality of
Poland, now being carried into effect by Russia, in
defiance of the rights of nations, the faith of trea-
ties, and the repeated official assurances given to the
Western Powers, is a danger and insult to Europe,
and abhorrent to all the principles of freedom,
humanity, and civilisation." It was in the hour of
adversity that they could best show their devotion
to the cause they all loved. After the addresses
they had heard from the Poles themselves, he
thought this meeting would heartily unite in pro-
testing against the present policy towards Poland.
(Hear.) Lord Lyndhurst, eight years ago, had
denounced in the House of Lords the conduct of
Russia and Eufope generally towards Poland.
If this conduct deserved reprobation eight
years since, how much more does it deserve condem-
nation at the present time, when our Government,
and the other Governments of Europe, had deserted
in the most shameful manner the cause of Polish na-
tionalty, and looked on coldly while the people of
Poland were being murdered and her liberty des-
troyed by Russia. The conduct of Russia towards
Poland had been one continuous course of violation
of truth, justice, and the most solemn treaties.
(Hear.) He then proceeded to recapitulate, at great
length, the conduct of Russia to Poland for a long
series of years past ; every treaty and promise had
been shamefully violated, and spoliation and con-
fiscation had been, and still was, the order of the
Not only was international law and treaties
day. -
but t...+.tempts were now being made to de-
violated,stroy the very existenae of Poland ; and yet our
to these violated
Government, who had been a ;. arty
•
treaties, were willing to remain on tZms of friend-
ship with that brutal Power who was thus outrag-
ing every principle of Christianity and humanit.Y.
(Cheers.) Poland, in her late struggle, was aban-
doned by this country, and what were the first
fruits of this policy—the attack of Prussia and Aus-
tria on Denmark; on pretence of securing the liberty
of Schleswig-Holstein, but which' appeared to be as
far off as ever. So that the two Powers who had
assisted Russia in violating her treaties on behalf of
Poland, actually attacked Denmark on the pretence
that she had violated the treaty of London. Such
consummate hypocrisy was one fruit of the wretched
policy of the English Government towards-Poland.
(Hear.) He concluded a long and eloquent speech
with a tribute to the noble chairman for occupying
his present position, and calling on the meeting to
support the Polish National Committee in their
laudable and patriotic efforts on behalf of their be-
trayed, unhappy, and heroic countrymen.
Mr. WIEASS seconded the resolution. As a work-
ing man he begged leave, on behalf of that class, to
disclaim any participation in the heartless conduct
of the English Government towards Poland. He
had a firm faith in the future of that country.
(Hear.)
The resolution was then put to the meeting, and
was carried unanimously with loud cheers.
Mr. BEALES then read an address of the founder
of an institute established at Paris for the mental
cultivation of young Polish refugees, signed " Alex-
ander Zabulike."
Mr. MoNTAGU LEVERSON moved the second reso-
lution as follows :—" That the sufferings of the
patriots of Poland, victims of an insurrection -into
which they were purposely forced by a long series of
the most intolerable tyranny and oppression, and in
which, as usual, their undaunted valour and devoted
heroism succumbed only to enormously superior
force, entitle them to our warmest and deepest sym-
pathies, and that a fund be raised and subscriptions
invited for their relief." He contended at some
length for the natural capacity of the Poles for self-
government, a more striking instance of which could
not be given than the manner in which the orders
of the late National Government were obeyed by
the whole Polish people, although they had only
moral power to induce obedience. He believed there
was an indomitable determination on the part of the
people of Poland to obtain, at all risks and all
hazards, their independence of the brutal Muscovite.
He was ashamed to say that England, who had ex-
pended her blood and treasure in behalf of legiti-
macy and tyranny, had stood aloof from one of the
most glorious struggles that had taken place in
• modern times. (Cheers.)
1
' • NICHOLAY seconded the resolution. Poland
Ntr. _ , b„„A down by brute force, but the
was at present, -_ -1-. A win agaiii apand'ars a na-
time must come when sw, ..._

The. Delhi left Alexandra on the 15th ult., Malta
the 18th, Gibraltar the 23d, and Vigo (having had
to put in for coals) on the 26th. Between Alexan-
dria and Malta she had fine weather and light north-
westerly winds ; thence to Gibraltar strong gales,
decreasing to light winds ; along the coast of Spain
and across the Bay of Biscay fresh northerly to
north-westerly winds, and in the Channel strong
north-westerly breeze and squally.
On the 20th the Delhi passed the Peninsular and
Oriental Company's steamer Massilia, with the out-
ward Bombay mails of the 12th, standing to the
eastward ; and on the 28th the Nyanza, with the
outward Bombay mails of the 27th, standing to the
southward. On the 22d she passed her Majesty's
ship Enchantress, standing to the eastward.
Her Majesty's ships Resistance, Royal Oak, Vic-
toria, Orlando, Firefly, Hydra, and Psyche were at
Malta on the 18th ; and the Liffey, Racoon, Red-
pole, and Procris at Gibraltar on the 23d. The
storeship Supply, Staff-Commander Bawden, nine
days from Malta, arrived at Gibraltar on the 18th,
and left for the westward at 6.30 a.m. on the 21st.
The Admiralty steam yacht Enchantress, Staff-
Commander Petley, four and a half days from
Portsmouth, arrived at Gibraltar on the 20th, and
left on the morning of the 22d for Marseilles, to em-
bark his Royal Highness Prince Arthur, who is
about to take a cruise in the Mediterranean.

The Italian sailing frigate Eurydice, Captain P.
Caselli, and corvette Valoroso, Captain Chappeline,
five days from Algiers, arrived at Gibraltar on the
21st, and on the following morning the Eurydice
saluted the garrison with 21 guns at eight o'clock,
which. compliment was immediately returned from
the saluting battery. _
The following British merchant' steamers had
arrived out at Gibraltar :—February 18, the Dom
Pedro, Captain T. Greig, nine days from Glasgow
and two from Lisbon, for Malaga ; the Cognac,
Captain W. Suttin, six days from Cardiff ; the
Calpe, Captain W. Bain, six and three-quarter days
from Liverpool, for Palermo ; and the Hellenis,
Captain T. Amlot, seven days from London, for
Malta, &c. The brigantine Lady Matheson, Cap-
tain T. Perriman, four months from London, and 32
days from Plymouth, with gingela seed for Marseilles,
arrived at Gibraltar on the 21st. The following
sailing vessels, all laden with coals for Gibraltar,
had also arrived out :—The brigs Mary Ann and
Globe and the bark Palestine, from Cardiff ; the
brigantine Emily Anne, from Swansea ; and the
bark Stafford, from Sunderland.

The Spanish sailing brig-of-war Alcedo, 8 guns,
Lieut. Alexander Arias, from Carthagena, arrived
at Cadiz on the 13th ult. During the night of the
14th the Spanish schooner Oriente, 49 tons, R.
Seudon master, from Almeria, laden with lead and
bass-rope, struck on the rock off the entrance of the
harbour of Cadiz, and at high tide became a total
wreck.

Latest quotations of exchange at Gibraltar were
as follows :—London, 90 days' date, 491 to a ; Paris,
8 days' sight, sf. 12c. to 13c. ; Marseilles, ditto sf.
13c. ; Madrid, ditto, 11 din. ; Cadiz, ditto, 31 dis. ;
Seville, ditto, 1 dis. ; Malaga, ditto, 1 to 4 dis.
Premium on 5-franc pieces, 11 to n per cent.
The Conde de Torres Novas, a Lieut.-General in
the service of the King of Portugal, and late Gover-
nor of the Portuguese Indian settlement of Goa,
had been staying in Gibraltar for ten days while on
I:js way from Alexandria to Lisbon. The Condo
de Tor; ea Novas has held the government of Goa
for the last nine years, and during the Indian mutiny,
when it was of great consequence that a British
column should arrive with the utmost despatch at
one of the points where the Sepoys were in revolt,
he earned the warmest thanks of the British Govern-
ment.h by permitting, in the emergency, thf? English
thereby ePl7syt(s)hopar :en tthrheoirugmharrcho,rtuguese territory an

MAKING A FALSE MARRIAGE ENTRY.—At the
Warwick Assizes yesterday, before Mr. Baron Mar-
tin, Benjamin Bennett was placed in the prisoner's dock
charged with having made a false marriage entry at Aston,
Birmingham, Mr. Kennedy appearing for the prosecution,
and Mr. Fitz James Stephen for the defence. It appeared
that the proceedings were taken under a statute passed in
the reign of King William IV., c. 86, s. 41, which enacts
that every person who shall wilfully make, or cause to be
made, for the purpose of being inserted in any registry of
marriage, any false statement touching any of the parti-
culars
required for such registry, shall be subject to the
same pains and penalties as if they were guilty of the
crime of perjury. The prisoner was a butcher, in a large
way of business at Stourbridge, in the county of Worces-
ter, and in November, 1862, he contracted marriage
with Phoebe Frances Priest, the daughter of a re-
tired South American planter. The ceremony was
performed at Aston, and it was intended to obtain a licence,
which the bridegroom had not the money to procure ;
his
I intended wife advanced the money, and he then conceived
the idea of procuring a publication of the banns—a much
cheaper process—and pocketing the difference. The banns
were duly published, and it became necessary tohfatßir-
should state that he belonged to the same parish
lie
mingham in which the marriage had taken
plaheeen the
accordingly stated that he belonged to it,
the Nrve sidence
entereehdamt let of parties proceeded proceeded to the vestry he
both of himself and wife as being in
Aston,th B.
ingham,
tend, which was part of the parish
with
it.
The jury were
whereas he had no connection wit
the judge said
deliberating upon their verdict, when.
pri-
soner was undoilitedly guilty,d
but as the accused did not
the law should be supported ,
fraudulent intention, the require-
mentsappear to have had any
and it was highly necessary.
bound over
then entered into his
not to offend again. TheArtit.n.
of justice would be sati.sstioednerby his being
recognisance not to off AVNA
s Pills and Ointment.
OYf the throat and chest, so
prevalent in this country, nothing so speedily relieves or Se
AueD:relSOEknin—dlifseoasl I 0:
certainly cures as these inestimable remedies. These dis-
orders are too often neglected at the commencement, or are
injudiciously treated, resulting in either case in disastrous
•
consequences. Whatever the condition of the patient
Holloway's medicines will restore, if recovery be
possible
consummatessatnrednngathtuarendvital
nervous
the
power.cu cure, they will retard the alarming symptoms till the blood is
Bgyrgraeualvlyerig
re-
storingnurifi e din the use of Holloway's preparations tone is conferred on
P
the stomach and frame generally ; the fluids are regene-
rated, morbific matter is expelled,
and
a happy revolution
occurs throughout the system.

It would require double the tun• '1*;411-111:7-4.
already lasted, and double the measure' of calainities
it has already entailed, to reduce the Confederacy
to such a condition that it must take counsel of
despair. If the whole seaboard were abandoned,
including Richmond, and the war transferred into
the interior of its immense territory, the situation
would still be no worse than what some of the
wisest men of the South, not only fearlessly but
hopefully, contemplated as the probable result
of the first six months of hostilities. The
cities of the coast are useless except for
foreign commerce, and four years of un-
remitting industry have enabled the South to
develop a sell-supplying power which renders it
practically independent of foreign commerce.
Hitherto the war has been fought on the frontiers,
simultaneously at several points of a circumference
of many thousand miles, and therefore from a
strategical point of view under serious disadvan-
tages. But no Confederate army has yet been
destroyed, no decisive defeat sustained in a pitched
battle : and with the concentration of all its strength,
the Confederacy enters upon a new phase of the
every
of evil portents to the presumptuous
invader.
Congress was a townn m
lennntrpohefirstt Ai
had
war of indepen-
dence
iiBTadatobe:yn
body,lost,
before
dthe
colonial
the tide commenced to turn steadily in favour of
the colonists, and revolutionary France began her
career of military triumphs when all her ports
were blockaded, a
the hands of the grit
portion
ora opf hreyer terrtooivitilory in
war,
nearlylatb
the
all
mec
Europearmed
litigationinof coalitionnations, strategyagaiat
n
her.and
and the fortune of war may decide the point o f pride
, r lwes which is at issue ; but a whole people in
arms tAx ca—„l.l its all has its destinies, God willing,
in its own hands, and the Confederate people show
no signs of faltering or of hesitation.
Neither do we yet despair, without, however,
wishing to encourage premature hopes, of the jus-
tice, or rather the statesmanship of Europe. we
have reason to believe that deliberations are now
taking place in the Cabinets of Europe, which,
whatever delays may still be incurred or obstacles
interpose, have a far more practical bearing
upon. American events than the so-called peace
conference at Hampton Roads. And we may add,
that if, what we have always doubted, the hateful
name of the relations between the two races inha-
biting the southern country is the sole serious stum-
bling-block in the path of a just and wise European
policy, it has a fair prospect of being definitely re-
moved. The arming of the negroes is the shortest, as
it is during war the only practicable step towards
emancipation. The doubts and scruples and hesitation
which have hitherto withdrawn from the recruiting
ground of the Confederacy more than 600,000 able-
bodied men because of their civil status are rapidly
disappearing. Congress, it is true, has not yet suc-
ceeded in devising the form to be given to this
momentous measure ; but Congress has only a
limited and strictly supplementary jurisdiction over
it, the initiative belonging to the separate States. It is
to the States, therefore, that the Confederate Go-
vernment appeals, and the very latest New York
papers contains the report of a speech by Mr. Ben-
jamin, the chief of President Davis's Cabinet, to the
assembled population of Richmond, urging Virginia
to set the example. It is worthy of note that the
Confederate Secretary of State does not favour the
forcible arming or conscription of slaves, but the
permission and facility accorded them of earning
freedom by voluntarily taking up arms. This is at
the same time inviting the negro to the highest
exercise of judgment and will, and ensuring the be-
stowal of freedom first upon the most deserving,
and, therefore, the best able to use it.—The Index.