The Sun.
London, England, 1865-12-16 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 16, 180.

Destructive Fire this Day.

This morning, about four o'clock, a fire broke out
in the premises in the occupation of Messrs. King
and Co., printers, Savoy-street, Strand. The print-
ing-offices were of a very extensive description, and
filled with a valuable stock and machines of a very
superior description.
,The alarm was raised by
Henry Stacey, who saw the fire first making its
appearance beneath the front entrance. In a mo-
ment or two after the 'alarm was given two of the
men, who were then engaged at work on the upper
floor, made their appearance at the windows, im-
ploring help. A man named Mahony had the pre-
sence of mind to run to the fire-escape station on
the outbreak of the fire, and by the fortunate arrival
of the machine the lives of the two men were saved.
The stock of printing'materials, &c., were entirely
destroyed.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.—This Day.

MARLBOROUGH-STREET.

A WIFE CHARGED WITH STABBING HER HUSBAND
—Ellen Bennett was charged before Mr. Knox
with the following assault on her husband, Thomas
Bennett, a tailor, living at 7, Tower-street, Seven
Dials.
The prosecutor said that about 11 o'clock the
previous night his wife came home, and a few words
took place between th,em,•and she seized a poker
with the intention of striking him. The poker was
taken from her, and she then seized the tongs, and
on them being taken from her, she stabbed him in
the face, near the eye, either with a key or a pair of
scissors. To escape from any further violence at her
hands, he jumped out of the window. A constable
came up and he told him what had occurred, and
afterwards gave his wife into custody.
Police-constable Stiles, 168 C, said the prosecutor
came up to him in Tower-street last night, and
told him that he• had been stabbed in the eye by a
woman. He went to No. 7, Tower-street, but
the room door was refused to be opened by the
persons inside, and he had therefore to break it
open. He took the prisoner into custody and all
the persons in the room—the persons the prose-
cutor stated to have taken the poker and tongs
from the prisoner, who said they knew nothing about
the matter.
The prisoner said she went home and her husband
abused her, and she struck him with a key which
she had in her hand at the time.
Mr. Knox remanded the prisoner, and ordered
summonses to be issued for the attendance of the
persons who were in the room at the time the
assault took place ; consenting, however, to take
bail for the prisoner.

The Insurrection in Jamaica•

The Debt of the United States.

The following statement pertaining to the debt and re-
sources of the United States of America was prepared and
read at a large and influential meeting of bankers and
others at Frankfort-on-the-Maine, on the 14th September
last, by J. F. D. LANIER, of New York, a banker of great
experience in the finances of America, and in the confidence
of the Treasury Department at Washington. Although
the statement of American finance made by Mr. LANIER
extends only to the end of August last, his exhibit is so
plainly and intelligibly written, and presents so clear a view
of the financial condition of the United States, that we
cannot resist the inclination to publish it in our columns:—
The amount of the public debt of the United States of
America on the Ist day of August last was about two
thousand seven hundred and twenty millions of dollars, of
which $1,108,000,000 is payable in gold, $1,053,000,000 in
the legal currency of the country.
Tho most careful and liberal estimate of the Fiscal
Department of the Government fixes the ultimate war debt
at three thousand millions of dollars. •
The immediate resources of the Government for the year
dosing the 30th of June last were from customs, internal
revenue, &e., $318,251,589 10c., of which $82,000,000 was
in gold from customs.
The estimated receipts for the fiscal year ending the
30th of June, 1866, is :

Dols.
From customs, in coin

.
Internal revenue 300,000,000
Lands and miscellaneous

Making a total of 396,000,000

The annual charge of this fund, estimating the interest
on $3,000.000,000 of debt, cannot exceed $165,000,000,
leaving an excess of revenue for other purposes of
$231,000,000.
The above estimate was made in June last. Since that
period, such has been the rapid increase of customs that
receipts from that source are more likely to reach
$130,000,000 instead of $80,000,000.
This is accounted for iu pan from the fact that the South
was swept bare of every sort of goods during the war
—its working machines, its railroads and their rolling
stock, its steamboat; &c., were all in good part destroyed,
all that was left to it were its staple crops. But as it is
now proved to possess these in heavy quantities they will
enable it to supply itself with everything else.
The imports of cotton to New York from the South
prior to the 28th of August last averaged twenty thousand
bales a week.

It follows that there must be a corresponding export of
goods and machinery to the South. Business at New
York and throughout the great West, at last date, was
active beyond precedent.
There is little doubt but the exports of the staples of all
sections of the country during the same time will more
than equal in value the imports.
The Debt of Great Britain at the close of the French
war in 1816 was $4,205,000,000, and has only since that
time been reduced $250,000,000, and was a charge of $2lB
20c. per head on her total population, and an encumbrance
on the total wealth of the nation of 40 4-10ths per
cent.

Since the battle of Waterloo her wealth has grown at a
slow but steadily-increasing rate, from 20 per cent. in the
first to 41 per cent. in the last ten years, thereby reducing
the burden of the debt from 40 4-10ths per cent. on the
national wealth to but 12 per cent. now.
The census of 1860 shows the wealth of the loyal
States at $10,766,000,000, and the products of the
year at $2,780,000,000, or 26 1-Bth per cent. of the
capital. ,
The wealth of the loyal States increased in ten years
from 1850 to 1860 at the rate of 126 per cent., or 8i- per cent
per annum. _ .

Assuming these amounts and rates as a basis we have
in June, 1865, a wealth of $16,112,000,000, and an annual
product of $4,318,000,000. The increase of the wealth
and production of the States which have been in rebellion
for the same period was even greater than this.
These rates of production and accumulation will perhaps
astound European statisticians, and may challenge the
wonder of those among us who borrow their economic
doctrines and ideas from Trasatlantic authorities, but we
can speak with absolute assurance from our census, and
are fully warranted in taking them as a basis of estimate
of the immediate future.

In 1833 the wealth of Great Britain was estimated at
$17,200,000,000. But our own figures depend in no degree
or respect upon the estimate of exports.
A decennial appraisement of the property and products
of the nation by the Census Bureau give us the facts of
our situation and rate of progress to be relied on.

Taking the results of the Census Bureau for the last
decade the following will be the results as the national
wealth and resources :

In 1870 the wealth will be .
In 1880 48,236,000,000

In 1881 51;5100000
reducing the rate of interest on the $3,000,000,000 to 1
27-100ths per cent. on the national wealth.
The burden of interest upon the public debt is here cal-
culated down to the rate of the increase of wealth in the
last decade immediately before the rebellion commenced.
Is this the measure of advancement for the next 16 years ?
Let us see.

In the last decade nine of our North Western States and

Territories grew upon the valuations of 1850 fully 4111 per
cent. from $452,500,000 to $1,862,000,000. Four new
territories which had not been reported in 1850 were valued
in 1860 at $98,000,000, and the still newer ones, Dakota,
Novado., Colorado, Arizonia, and Idaho, are not valued at
all.

These last are among the richest in the precious meths,
and are rapidly rising into equality of product with Cali-
fornia itself, but have no report in our estimates.
The Government still holds in the Great West and North
West 950,000,000 of• acres of land undisposed of, which
are now, at the conclusion of the war, to come rapidly into
market, and what is much more to the purpose, though
worth a thousand millions to the Treasury in purchase
money, will, after the example of those settled and improved
since 1850, rise in taxable value at an average rate of 455
per cent., and in twenty years' increase about thirty times
the cash value of the property of their occupants ; and if
every dollar received from the sales of the public domain
shall be bestowed on these new States by the Federal
Government, in donations to their internal improvements
and educational purposes, the taxable wealth and the result-
ing resources in these new States will be only thereby in-
creased in manifold proportion to the investment.
The United States Government owns an area of about
ono million of square miles of territory, literally stocked
with gold, silver, precious stones, marble, gypsum, salt,
iron, quicksilver, asphaltum, coal, copper, and lead, asking
only an amount of labor relatively equal to that expended
on California to yield $400,000,000 per annum in gold and
silver alone, and in other minerals, which will be mined as
soon as transportation is provided, at least half that sum,
and these things are not merely in the possibility of the
future. They are near enough to answer the exigencies of
our condition. A population now of 30 millions which,
during the last half-century has doubled its numbers every
twenty-three and a-half years with all the industrial
energies and apparatus of the age at command, animated
by the spirit of adventure and spurred on by the faith and
hope which works wonders, will be found sufficient for
the achievement of greater things than we shall need or
dare predict.
But, great as the promise is in those exhaustless sources
of natural wealth, our reliance is not alone or even chiefly
in the wilderness of the new world.
The States called the older of the sisterhood did in the
last census decade increase their wealth vastly more in
amount, and but little less in percentage than the compara-
tively new ones. . . . .

Ohio first settled 77 years ago, appreciated in ten years
136 per cent., but New Jersey and Connecticut, both for
two centuries under culture, enhanced their wealth in as
great proportion for the same time, and Pennsylvania made
an increase of 96 per cent. upon her large capital of
$722,000,000.
The rebellion being now suppressed it is proper to include
the wealth and income of the States which were in rebel-
lion as a part of the resources of the Union.
Their wealth in 1860, as shown ;)y the Census Bureau,
was $3,467,000,000.
In the five years from 1855 to 1860 they doubled their
products.
Those States can be restored now in less time, and then
advanced upon at the like rate, for they are soon to set
forward in a career of prosperity, unparalleled in past ex-
perience.
The rebellion has disencumbered them of an incubus.
They have at command all that the temperate climate
affords with the semi-tropical added.
They lack nothing but the population, enterprise, and
diversified industry of free institutions, and these are
brought to them by the new order of things.
We say again give us but twenty years to realize the
promise of our money and conditions, and the United
States will stand ready with a population of 60 millions,
and a wealth of not less than 60,000 millions of dollars to
meet the current burden and discharge the total debt of
the nation.
England with half this amount of wealth now feels that
her still larger debt has dwindled from 40 to 15 per
cent. of her property. Ours then would stand at but 5 per
cent. of our capital though undiminished in amount in all
that period.
An additional source of revenue will probably be
created by Congress in. the shape of an export duty on
cotton, tobacco, and other staples of the reconstructed
WIMP; for which we have the command of the world's
market, and can be made to pay from 60 millions dollars
to 100 millions dollars per year, without detriment to our
public interest.
The public debt of the States is held almost entirely
by its own citizens, not over 300 millions being held
abroad.
It is held by all classes, rich and poor, for investment,
by Banks, Life and Fire Insurance Companies, Orphan
Courts, &c., tradesmen, small farmers, mechanics and
laborers, in sums as low as 50 dollars. It is preferred to
any other security. No loan of any other Government is
so universally diffused among its own citizens.

This is an important fact, and would of itself insure its
payment.
It is the purpose bf the present Secretary- of the
Treasury to bring about specie payment at the earliest
practical day consistent with the condition of the coun-
try.

It is quite probable that early in the coming year there
will be a considerable reduction in the amount of irre-
deemable paper in circulation, which will go on until the
country will gradually fall back into the good old way of
paying in coin.

- - It is a mistake to suppose that the Northern States
have been exhausted or impoverished by the four years of
war.

The most convincing proof of the contrary is that they
have been able to supply to their Government the proceeds
of industry represented by a present debt of 52,700,000,000,
and that the whole of this debt thus far has been taken up
at home. ,

The Government of tho United States has not sold or
negotiated directly or indirectly a dollar of its securities in
Europe, and of the whole amount now outstanding not
over 6300,000,000 has found its way to foreign countries
through the ordinary channels of trade.
The condition of all classes in the loyal States had sen-
sibly improved since the war begun.

The causes are obvious. The Government demand has
given a prodigious impulse to manufactures in the North,
and to agriculture in the West, so that at the end of the
war the North finds itself with strength undiminished, re-
sources increased, prepared to grapple with the burden of
taxation.

Large as the debt is growing out of the rebellion good
results will more than compensate.

We are more united, more prosperous and stronger than
wo were or should have been. We have abolished the
curse of human slavery.
The faith of the nation is pledged for the discharge of
all its obligations. Its people have passed through a
wonderful experience of their financial ability, from hope
to confidence, and the cautious moderation of our calcula-
tions shows that early and easily the national debt can be
paid.

RACING FIXT
JAN

Manchester
FEBR
Lincolu

MAI
Derby Spring 1
Liverpool Spring
Warwick Spring
Doncaster
Lewes Spring
AP]
Newmarket Craven 2
Durham
Catterick Bridge
Abergavenny 5
Chelmsford Spring
IL
Ascot Spring 1
Salisbury
Bath 8
Harpenden lO
York Spring

TRES FOR 1866.
GARY.

JUT
Windsor Summer 5
Newton
Hampton 7
Odiham
Bibury l3
Stockbridge
Chelmsford l9 I
Jul
Carlisle
Newmarket July
Pontefract
Abingdon t
Reading
AUG

Brighton , 7
Brighton Club
Lewes lO
Egham 14
Wolverhampton l4
Stockton l5
Oxford l6
Hastings 2l

SEPT]
Warwick September 4
Curragh
Leicester 6
Doncaster
Canterbvry lB

'ARY.

OCTI
Northampton 2
Newmarket 2d October 8
Curmgh

Nottingham Spring 2;
C H.

Croxton Park l6
Northampton 2O
Windsor Spring
Newcastle Spring 2B

,IL.
T hirsk lO
Epsom Spring
Newmarket Ist Spring l6
Chester
Curragh 24
.Y.
Epsom Summer l5
Uxbridge 2l
Manchester
Ascot Summer 29

Liverpool
Beverley 2O
Ipswich
Huugerford
Newcastle on-Tyno 26
Curragh 26
Worcester
LY.
Down Royal Corp lB
Stamford l9
Winchester 24
Southampton 25
Huntingdon
UST."

York August 2l
Plymouth
Lichfield
Devon and Exeter .....
Tunbridge 2B
Derby Summer 28
Weymouth 3O

NOVE:

MBER.
Richmond
Monmouth
Manchester Autumn 24
Newmarket Ist October 26
Walsall
BER.

Newmarket Houghton 22
Worcester

E,BER.

Linenln
Liverpool

BANK OF FRANCE.
PARIS, DEC. 14.

The following is the return of the Bank of France
for the week ending to-day, together with the cor-
responding figures of the previous account :

DEBTOR.

Dec. 14. Dec. 7.
fr. c. fr. c.
Capital of the Bank 182,500,000 182,500,000
Profits in addition to
capital (Art. 8, Law,
June 9, 1857) 7,044,776 02 7,044,776 02
Reserve of the Bank
and its branches 22,105,750 14 22,105,750 14
Reserve in landed pro-
perty 4,000,000 4,000,000
Notes in circulation .. 875,567,525 864,683,325
Banknotes to order and
receipts payable at
sight 6,754,362 74 7,519,014 44
Treasury account cur-
rent creditor
Current accounts, Paris 155,570,908 19 161,917,580 55
Do. branch banks
Dividends payable 832,271 75 856,864 75
Discounts and sundry
interests
Rediscounted the last
six months 1,427,623 17- 1,427,623 17
surplus of receipts not
distributed
Sundries

Total

Dec. 14. Der. 7.
Cash in hand and in fr. c. fr. c
Branch banks
Commercial bills over-
due
Commercial bills dis-

counted, not yet due 329,435,280 81 '323,350,554 36
Do. branch banks 321,073,185 315,254,796
Advances on deposit of
bullion 13,684,300 13,990,100
Do. branch banks 8,494,700 9,375,300
Do. on French Public
Securities 13,143,400 13,308,000
Do. by branch banks 7,505,300 7,998,400
Do. on railway shares
and debentures
1). branch.banks 19,526,780 19,396,780
Do. on Credit Foncier
Bonds
Do. branches
Do. to the State (Con-
vention, June 10,
1857) 60,000,000 60,000,000
Government Stock re-
serve 12,980,750 14 12,980,750 14
Do. disposable
Rentes Immobalisees
(Law, June 9i 1857) 100,000,000 100,000,000
Hotel and furniture of
the Bank and landed
property branches
Expenses of manage-
ment 2,410,262 86 2,393,453 21
Sundries

Total 1,410,426,870 80 1,402,684,09 06
Certified by the Senator-Governor of the Bank of France.
(Signed) RoULAND.

ENGLISH CONSISTENCY.—The New York Herald
says :—English journalists are proverbially unable to see
any injustice or any shadow of wrong in the acts
of England toward other countries ; but the same
worthy persons have microscopic eyes for the acts of
other nations that seem in the remotest degree to trench
on the interests of John Bull. This blindness on the
one hand and wonderful keensightedness on the other
have never been so forcibly illustrated as by the comments
of the London press on two recent occurrences. The re-
lease of John Mitchell by President Johnson was declared
by part of that press to be an unfriendly act toward Groat
Britain. And why ? Mitchell was a Fenian ; the Fenians
demanded his release, and it was given. His release was
the recognition of an organisation whose object is to pro-
mote hostilities against England, and even an encourage-
ment of those disturbers. Thus the release of this poor
devil from prison was scarcely less than an act of hostility,
and no "thoroughly friendly government would thus run
the risk of offending a great nation by consorting on terms
of amity with its bitterest enemies." Ho ! ho ! John, are
you there ? Who consorted on terms of amity with our
bitter enemies the other day ? Who managed their cotton
loans and came down with his cash? Who built, manned,
and equipped their pirate cruisers? You did it all, John,
and are not you thoroughly friendly toward us ? Do you
not even consider your generous natures wronged
if we hint some little doubts now and then
your friendliness. Thus we see how the English regard
the release from prison of a single Irishman, who, per-
haps, belongs to the organisation that probably will some
day make an attempt against English rule in Ireland.
This is one side of the ease. A few days ago the English
authorities had in custody the officers and crew of a pirate
ship that had for six months burned American vessels on
the high seas. There was no contingency, no doubt, of
the hostility of these men to us. It was not probable that
they might attempt an injury ; they had already done their
utmost. But the English authorities set them all free at
once, and John Bull raises his eyebrows at us and wonders
that we should think he could do otherwise—wonders if
we supposed he was to play policeman on our account.
Chappuis' registered whist-marker, for long or
short, is now ready. Fancy card, is. the pair ; leather,
3s. 6d.; fancy wood, ss. 6d. Wholesale and retail of P.
E. Chappuis, the registree, 69, Fleet-street, and of all
wholesale and retail booksellers, stationers, and fancy
dealers. N.B.—lt is pronounced the best marker out.