The Sun.
London, England, 1862-10-11 00:00:00

BA ILWAYS.

Cash. Account.
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Geneva
Southern BB2 50 .. 883 75

Western
Eastern

Sardinian 372 50 .. 373 75

Austrian
T,nrobard
North of Spain
Saragossa 620 .. 621 25
Ditto to Barcelona 342 50 .. 343 75

POLAND.

FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.
WARSAW, OCT. 5.

Scarcely had the intelligence of the Warsaw
address, through Count Andrew Zamoyski, to the
Grand Duke Constane.ne, reached the extreme parts
of Poland, than the nobles of Podolia assembled at
Kamiensic at once, determined to express the wishes
of their province in a similar manner. They
drew up a petition embodying the wants and wishes
of the people, and begged of the Emperor to unite
Podolia, Lithuania, and other ancient, and now se-
vered portions, to the kingdom, and rule them all
as a King of Poland ought to do. In vain the Rus-
sian Governor of Podolia, General Braunschweig,
endeavoured to thwart the harmonious deliberations
of this assembly, and even threatened to disperse
it with bayonets. The address was unanimously
agreed to, and forwarded to the Emperor. What
is to be the fate of this document, and whether the
authors of it, or at least the president of the assem-
bly, will not have to follow Count Andrew ZAmoy-
ski into exile, we shall soon learn. It is, however,
beyond a doubt that the recognition of Polish na-
tionality is the paramount condition of any reform
that the Russian Government may grant to the
Poles ; without the fulfilment of this condition no-
thing can be effected. The national requirements
of the Polish people in all the provinces belonging
to Russia are so forcible, the knowledge of
their rights so profound, that if this expres-
sion of theirs become suppressed, either by
imprisonment or banishment in one place, it is
sure to reappear again in another with redoubled
vigour and solemnity. Should this calm and dig-
nified appeal to justice meet at the hands of the
Emperor with a sentence to Siberia, or any severe
punishment, the nation will endure it, but it will
never give up the strongholds of its moral position;
it will not deviate from the path of legality, or
forget its duties and rights, and in the midst of this
passive resistance will not cease to impede every
Russian movement.

The importance of this, as well as of the Warsaw
address, cannot be too much overrated. All the
Polish hearts pant for the union of the provinces
taken by Russia under one Polish Government,
surrounded by national and liberal institutions;
and indeed there is nothing in that request which
the most solemn Treaty of Vienna, in 1815, gua-
ranteed by England and France, does not provide.
It is this treaty that gives to the kingdom of
Poland a Polish Government, national institutions,
and a constitution, which forms the sole link be-
tween Poland and Russia. To this reasonable
Polish demand it would not be out of place for the
Governments of France and England to offer their
cordial assistance, in so far as to represent to the
Emperor Alexander not only the policy and the
advantage, but also the security of his throne,
of fu filling his engagements towards Poland.
Such a friendly remonstrance may open the eyes
of the Czar at this critical moment of his colossal,
but rather shaky, empire.
The ukase, signed at Novgorod, for the fresh levy
of recruits, is not to be:wholly carried out, the Go-
vernnient being afraid of aVenaelli vvrPliicb, in the ab-
we . ui uu
Bence of those whose moderation hos been so shame-
fully disregarded, seems almost inevitable. It
is certain that the violent party has raised its head
Count Andrew Ztunoys,v,
since the deportation

pre-eminently a man of order, and whose influence
with his countrymen often made him the mediator
between them and the Government. The Grand
Duke Constantine acted imprudently in dispatch-
ing the Count to St. Petersburg, but the Emperor
displayed great weakness of mind in not availing
himself of Count Zamoyski's candid and honest re-
presentation of the state of the Polish feelings and
wants, and by a stroke of policy which would have
redounded to his credit, and proved a real benefit
to the Poles, reconciled all the parties, and showed
himself a wise and benevolent Monarch. Whereas,
by banishing the Count, the Emperor has rendered
himself liable to public opinion for such an act,
which will brand him with unnecessary severity
and wanton provocation of his best Polish subjects.
Another session of the Council of State was opened
in person, by the Grand Duke Constantine, on the
Ist inst., with a speech, in the Polish language,
deploring the inability of exercising, as he would
wish, the prerogative of mercy towards the political
prisoners. That is exactly what one would expect
from a Russian Prince. Ido not believe him a bad
man, but he is surrounded by certain persons, whose
influence he cannot resist without offending his
brother—the Emperor. Arrests continue. The
citadel is crowded with the prisoners, and several
public trials are to be held soon.

General Luders, late Governor of Poland, who, it
will be remembered, had been shot at, and severely
wounded in the jaw, has just returned from Ger-
many, where he effected his cure. His face is dis-
figured, and there is an impediment in his speech,
two lasting mementos of his Governorship in War-
saw. He has hardly shown himself in the streets,
and proceeds in a day or two to St. Petersburg.