The Sun.
London, England, 1862-09-30 00:00:00

SEPTEMBER 30.

The Chapel Royal, St. James's, will be reopened for
divine service on Sunday next, October sth.
FRANCIS GARDEN, Sub-Dean.
BREVET.

The undermentioned Officers having, under the provi_
sion of the Royal Warrant of 14th October, 1856, co• tn-
pleted five years qualifying service in the rank of Lieut,27l-
- to be Colonels in the Army.
Lieutenant-Colonel Matthew Charles Dixon, Rcrial
Artillery.
Lieutenant-Colonel Allan Hamilton Graham, Royal
Artillery.
Lieutenant-Colonel Edmund Ogle, Royal Engineexs,
Lieutenant-Colonel Frederick Alexander Campbell, Royal
Artillery.
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Philip Goodenough, Royal
Artillery.

BANKRUPTS.
The following are the only bankrupts of any commercial
importance which appear in the " Gazette" :
Wm. G. Cooper, innkeeper, Reading •,
Wm. K. Brown, butcher, South Shields
Frank Holloway, engineer, Paul-street, Finsbury
Alexander Noble, sawyer, Sutton-street, Lambeth
William Carrington, tailor, Luton, Bedfordshire
Frank Bottom, lace dealer, Noble-street, City
Thomas Binks, tea merchant, Fenchurch-street, City
Henry Williams, timber merchant, Bristol
John Tate, tailor, Darlington
George Fathers, baker, Marcham, Be rks
Thomas Rowson, eating-house keeper, Hull

SCOTCH BANKRUPTS.
John Macdonald, clothier, Dundee
Thomas Stewart, grain merchant, Glasgow
John Faulds, coalmaster, Stevenstone, Ayrshire
Robert Walker, coach proprietor, Hamilton
William Gillespie, lathaplitter, oatbridge
Andrew Dunlop, grain miller, Renfrewshire

COURSE OF, EXCHANGE.—This DAT.
Ainsterdam
Ditto ... 3 Months. 11 17 1 11 18
Rotterdam
Antwerp — 25 42f 25 45
Brussels — 25 42 i 25 45
Hamburgh — 13 7i 13 8
Paris .. Short. 25 15 25 20
Ditto
Fittycillrc on maine.. --9% = 411 2=s__ 5
Vienna
Trieste
Petersburgh
Berlin —
Madrid
49*
Cadia
Leghorn 49 f
25 52* 25 7
Milan — 25 50 2.5 571
Genoa '-25 60 25 571
Naples
Palermo — 119 119 f
Messina ..
•.. —119 f
Lisbon — 521
Oporto — 524 534
Foreign Gold in Bars (Standard), per oz .. £3 17 9
Mexican Dollars
Silver in Bars (Standard)
South American Doubloons

SOCIAL PROSPECTS OF AMERICAN

SL.6IVERY,

From the social prospects of Jamaica we as 'e tempted, not
irrelevantly, to glance awhile at the slavehol&ing States of
the late American Union. There, if Ameri,'%an writers
may be trusted, the white population would gra,lually die
out, but for the steady influx of fresh immigrants from the
North; while the blacks are already about half as nume-
rous, in spite of the great social and legal barriers to their
growth, and the proverbially wasteful tendencies of slave
life in the cotton fields under a tropical sun. It is a common
assertion, too often, Indeed, put forth in defence of negro
slavery, that white men of British blood cannot in thoseg
low latitudes bear the hard work, by dint of which the
markets of the world are supplied with cotton and tobacco.
If the African were not there to help them, they would soon
be driven either to import field labourers wholesale from
other lands, or too flee a country all to hot for their northern.
temperaments. As it it, two centuries of hard slavery have
stocked the Southern States with almost the only peasantry
which they seem fitted to grow ; with a race of men capable
of working hard in a climate unfriendly to most nations, of
men easy to govern, not slow to learn from their civilised.
neighbours, and peculiarly prone to increase and multiply
under circumstances the least encouraging. How much
mere numerous that peasantry might now have bee.`l,
but
for the life they are too often compelled to lead, and
the
efforts of their masters to keep up their market value by
discountenancing the slave trade with Africa, we need no t
care to consider here. The fact remains that the numbers
haveincreased under every drawback at a rate proportionally
greater than the white people of their own neighbourhood.
If this be anywhere near the truth, we may
expect to
see that sable peasantry ere long outnumbering She white
population. But even if the truth were very far off from
this, if a race of white men could ever show itself eVal to
the negro in the power of working hard for any length of
time under a scorching sun, and defying the baleful
effects of a fever-laden atmosphere, there would still be so
many millions of black men living in tho same country and
obstinately declining to take themselves out of the way.
to
fudmceouatult
ocwnhiatftht e
st h icsoan
unhouogtceobu
country
mass
notsof-
fbi raorcwekdahr ual
atkhea eni.mtwyehiet e bTmahl eee ssne
another. You may talk of shipping from
oem off in a body to
Liberia, or driving them off across the Rocky Mountains
into a country set apart for themselves ' but \will they go of
their OVn freewill, and failing that, how are the Americans
to force them away ? Harsh laws have hithorto failed to
stop the influx of Chinese settlers into Auetralia. An
armed rising would be a dangerous remedy, and even if it
succeeded, the expulsion of the Moors from Spain. brought
any thing but good to those they left behind. The wisest
policy is the only one which a Christian nation, if Chris-
tianity with most nations were more than an empty name,
should feel bound to pursue. Let these black millions
who now sit in chains and darkness beside a race of men
bred up in the light of freedom and the Christian's gospel,
be first taught to cultivate what mental powers they have,
and then be gradually delivered from a state of social
thraldom as debasing as it is unwarrantable.—. Dublin
alfagazine.

The Illovimento publishes the following letter
from Garibaldi, the original of which it declares it possesses
in the general's own handwriting --" 1 have read in No
1,027 of the Persetwanza a letter quoted from the Esprit
Z'tiblic, which is said to have been written to me by an
agent of Mazzini's on August 12, and to have been found
upon me by the royal troops at Aspromonte. These two
bits of news form one lie. Another journal, the Patric,
has got somebody to write to it from Spezzia that the!
English surgeon put into my hands a sum of;
0£_5,0941°
njno3vAeLnlt)ito.l2,.
on the part of Lord Palmerston, as a testiroorteiantortprithlse
sympathy of the English people with
against Rome. It is sad to see Guttenbouthi:
turned to such vile and abject purp
-foo imported in.
°.placed en the near•
by the mail
t 1,000 packages have been rea-
therrFhieerfiyi3Cerocs°sllangduFslfyrionnig SFP:-;:elisre:'
get this morning, and sfberan 3cl tore
c2esilvOedd.
lised at prices ranging
India Journals.
The West
rix,animous in opposing the suggestion
yesterday are that
Vest India mail contracts
the future Wes from
2
should be stir NOW
York.