The Sun.
London, England, 1865-03-18 00:00:00

AFFAIRS IN OIIDE.

that, and, if necessary, to make war in vindication of a
violated right. But it did not belong even to the Crown,
nor to any one Power, to disengage itself from treaty obli-
gations contracted with another power. The hon. member
proposed that, in consideration of the violation by Russia
of her treaty engagements of 1815, the payment of the
annual sum on account of the Russo-Dutch Loan, stipulated
not by the Treaty of Vienna, but by that of the May pre-
ceding, and therefore not connected with the Polish ar-
rangements, should be discontinued. That engagement
having no reference whatever to Poland, to say that, be-
cause Russia had misconducted herself in Poland and
broken her engagements under the Treaty of June, 1815,
we- were therefore to break our engagements founded on
a different treaty and relating to a different transac-
tion, was a lame and impotent conclusion. Moreover, any
such course the house and the government should be utterly
ashamed even to contemplate adopting, for it would be
equally unworthy of Parliament and unbecoming the
country.

Mr. DENMAN thought every opportunity ought to be
seized by the house for expressing its disapprobation of
the scandalous manner in which Russia had violated her
engagements with respect to Poland. He recommended,
however, the withdrawal of the motion.

Mr. B. JOHNSTONE said that now the struggle was
over, and England had refused to draw the sword in sup-
port of a gallant nation, there would be something humi-
liating if the house were to content itself with putting on
record a fruitless motion of sympathy. The diplomatic
action which the Poles had required from this country was
an endeavour to induce Austria to permit the Gallician
provinces to go free. In that case, with Gallicia. and Po-
land in revolt, it was hoped that they would be strong
enough to achieve their independence. The diplomacy of
our Government, however, had been humiliating to Eng-
land, whilst it had been useless to Poland.
Mr. GRIFFITH scouted the idea of resorting to mere
diplomatic action without backing it up with a display of
force. Such discussions as the present were not only use-
less, but calculated to aggravate the feeling of Russia
against the Poles.
The motion was withdrawn.

Mr. W. E. FOSTER inquired what steps, if any, the
Government had taken, or intended to take, to carry out
the recommendations of the committee appointed to in-
quire into the arrangement between the Foreign-office and
the Board of Trade in reference to the trade with foreign
nations. He contended that there ought to be such arrange-
ments between the two departments that the Minister at
home and his representatives abroad should be ableto seize
every opportunity of increasing the trade between the two
countries by possessing themselves of a full knowledge of
the principles of political economy on which that trade was
based, and putting themselves in communication with
various merchants and manufacturers, so as to become
acquainted with the special interests of the trade.
The question elicited a discussion of some length, in the
course of which Mr. Horsfall expressed his approval of the
manner in which the Foreign Office, without the interfe-
rence of the Board of Trade, had discharged its functions
in connection with commercial affairs; Mr. Lowe con-
demned the revival of a disposition to conclude commer-
cial treaties, and called on the President of the Board of
Trade to state what advantage he conceived the public
derived from the Government meddling in any way in
matters of commerce ; and Mr. White, who would be satis-
fied with nothing short of the abolition of the Board of
Trade.

Mr. LAYARD, as representing the Foreign Office, said
that the appointment of last year was founded on a misap-
prehension, and that the evidence taken by them com-
pletely destroyed the case of the chambers of commerce and
completely refuted the imputations directed against the
Foreign Office. It had been the practice of that depart-
ment to bring up its attaches in a knowledge of the princi-
ples of commerce; the secretaries of the legation and of em-
bassies abroad were directed to furnish reports annually of
the trade of the countries with which they were connected,
and a more valuable collection of documents than these
could not be found. Yet, strange to tell, the chambers of
commerce were utterly ignorant of their very existence.
With regard to the recommendations of the committee, the
Foreign Office had constituted a new department, under the
denomination of the commercial division, consisting of a
chief clerk and other officers, whose duty it would be to carry
on all correspondence in commercial matters with British
ministers and agents abroad, the Board of Trade, commercial
associations, and private persons both at home and abroad.
This department would be under the immediate and ex-
clusive supervision of Parliamentary Under Secretary for
Foreign Affairs.
Sir S. NORTHCOTE thought that injury was done to
the interests of British commerce by maintaining the delu-
sion that the Board of Trade could be of the slightest ser-
vice in promoting and extending trade and commerce
abroad. Ih his opinion merchants and commercial men
were much better able to advance the interests of com-
merce by their own representations and intercommunica-
tions with other countries than either the Board of Trade
or the Foreign-office, or both combined. Government in-
terference was only calculated to add to the work of the
administrative departments, and to maintain a vicious sys-
tem, without producing satisfactory results.

Mr. GOSOHEN said there warn bc-rcial titwativuo con
nected with commerce, as, for example,-trade marks, with
which the Foreign-office could not deal. If such matters
were undertaken by the Board of Trade, and the Foreign-
office would look to the commercial interests of the coun-
try as well as its diplomatic relations, the result could not
fail to be satisfactory.
Sir M. FARQUHAR was opposed to the principle of
having two departments with divided responsibility.
Mr. BAINES considered that great practical results
would flow from the labours of the committee, and thanked
Mr. Forster for bringing before the house a subject in
which the different associated chambers of commerce felt
so deep an interest.
Mr. GIBSON remarked that the changes effected by the
Government were very much those which had been re-
commended by the committee. The Foreign-office did not
consult the Board of Trade upon mere abstract principles,
but in reference to such matters of detail as that depart-
ment was peculiarly acquainted with. There was as little
difference in the relations between the Foreign-office and
the Board of Trade as in those between the Home-office,
the Admiralty, and other branches of the Government. He
contended that all communications with ambassadors and
consuls abroad should be conducted by the Foreign-office,
and there could be no reasonable objection to the Foreign
Minister consulting the Board of Trade or any other de-
partment from which he could derive the knowledge he
required.
Mr. FITZGERALD believed that so far as the just com-
plaints of the mercantile body were concerned, the measures
taken by the Foreign Office were a mere sham. The com-
plaint was that a great deal of delay and inconvenience
arose from the communications between the Foreign Office
and the Board of Trade, and nothing had been done to
remedy it, but the evil still continued. The real practical
solution of the matter was to strengthen the Board of Trade
and establish a communication between it and the commer-
cial world. That department should communicate directly
with our agents abroad on questions of trade, and when
once a negociation was initiated he would leave them to
carry out the details. And he saw no reason why any con-
flict of jurisdiction should arise.

In reply to a question from Lord STANLEY relative to the
production of certain papers in connection with this
matter,

Sir C. WOOD said he would give the information when
he made his financial statement on Indian affairs.
BANK NOTES ISSUE BILL.

Mr. CRAWFORD asked the Chancellor of the Exchequer
what course he intended to pursue with respect to this bill ?
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said he
proposed to pass the bill through committee pro for ma, in
order that he might make certain alterations. The bill
would then be reprinted, and he did not intend to proceed
with it until the bill in its amended form, was in the hands
of hon. members.

UNION RATING BILL.

Sir M. RIDLEY asked when it was likely this billwould

be proceeded with.
Mr. VILLIERS said if they made progress with the
army estimates that evening, he hoped to be enabled to
proceed with the bill on Monday next.

SUPPLY-POLAND.

On the motion for going into committee of supply,

Mr. P. HENNESSY rose to move the following resolu-
tion :—" Whereas the Russian Government shows its de-
termination to set at nought the engagements it contracted
in 1815 respecting Poland ; whereas the respect of those

engagements was the condition on which the Powers of
Europe consented to recognise as lawful the possession by
the Russian Czar of the greatest part of ancient
Poland, this house cannot any longer abstain from pro-
claiming that the violation of these engagements implies
the forfeiture of the Czar of all right to such dominion,
and also of all right to any further payment by this
country of the annual sum conceded to Russia under the
name of Russo-Dutch Loan, that payment having been in
1815 undertaken to be paid during the space of 100 years
in consideration of Russia faithfully co-operating in thn
maintenance of the stipulations of the same treaty of 1815."
Sir H. VERNEY, in seconding the motion, characterised
the conduct of the European powers on this question as
culpable in the highest; degree, and he • was firmly of
opinion that until justice was done to Poland, there
would be no permanent_ peace or tranquillity throughout
Europe.
Mr. CAVE hoped that the latter part of the motion,
especially that which referred to the remission of the
money-payment to Russia, would not be acceded to, be-
cause it would not only be taking a low view of the ques-
tion, but would preclude this country from interfering in
any way on behalf of Poland.
Lord PALMERSTON regretted that the subject of

Poland had been again brought under discussion
in that house. The matter had already been frequently
discussed, and as far as eliciting an opinion from the
house with respect to Russia, it had somewhat weakened
the effect of former discussions then strengthened it.
Re had far better, at all events for the present,
to haven let matters rest. The hon. gentleman's recom-
mendations da tions had all failed, but nothing daunted, he had
come forward with a third motion,and that was that
that house should make a declaration in favour of Poland,
and a withholding of certain money payments from Russia,
but no good could come out of suc a proceeding. With
regard to the second point, there were two ways in which
the Government, acting upon the promptings of the house,
might have interfered in the affairsth of Poland : the one
was diplomatically, the other
of° employment of force.
But, as to the latter, the moverthe resolution himself
disclaimed any wish to go to war, and had always recom-
rhsesrible diplomatic
mended the Government to use every
Governmentshe
action in behalf of Poland, and induce other
rhatdreaty
to join them in persuading Russia to execute her
engagements faithfully. Well, the Government
re-
sorted to negotiation, and negotiation had failed, not Simply
when exerted by the British Government, but when it had
been supported by the representations of almost all the
non-Polish powers of Europe. Not deterred by his own
disclaimer and the failure of what the lon. member had
recommended, he now proposed, as a third measure, that
the house should make a declaration of forfeiture, and with-
hold a paynient which had been expressly stipulated by
treaty with Russia. What would be the value of a decla-
ration of that sort ? The House of Commons was not a
treaty-making power. And if any treaty which the Crown
had contracted had been broken by the Power with which
it was concluded it rested with the Crown to represent

Mr. CHEETILIM was glad to find that that was the
view of the hon. gentleman.

After a few words from Mr. BAZLEY the subject dropped.
- -

Mr. COX drew attention to the large increase in the
amount now paid by the metropolis for police rate, and put
a question to the Home Secretary on the subject.
Sir G. GREY admitted that there had been a large in-
crease, and it had arisen from two causes, namely, the
growth in the number of houses within the metropolitan
district and the new assessment which had recently come
into operation.

The hone° then went into committee pro forma.
The Union Officers (Ireland) Superannuation Bill was
read a second time.

The Consolidated Fund (0175,650) Bill went through
committee.

The Colonial Naval Defence Bill and the Metropolitan
Main Drainage Bill were read a third time and passed.
Leave was given to Sir C. WOOD to bring in the follow-
ing bills :—Bill to enlarge the powers in certain matters of
the Governor-General of India in Council at meetings for
making laws and regulation; and to amend the law re-
specting the territorial limits of the several presidencies and
lieutenant governorships in India; and bill to extend the
for granting fresh letters patent for the high courts in
and to make further provision respecting the terri-
torial jurisdiction of the said courts.
itenrdin,m
The house then adjourned.

LrADVERTISEMENT.3—HoIIoway's Pills and Ointment.—
Diseases of %Vomen.—Medical science in all ages has been
directed to alleviating the many maladies incidental
to
females, but Professor Holloway, by dilligent study and
attentive observation, was induced to believe that nature
had provided a remedy for those special diseases, and after
vast research succeeded in compounding his celebrated
ointment and pills, which embody the principle naturally
designed for the relief and cure of disorders peculiar to
women of all ages and constitutions, whether residing in
warm or Cold climates. They have repeatedly corrected
disordered functions which had defied the usual drugs pre-
scribed by medical men, and still more satisfactory is it
that the malady is relieved completely and permanently.
BREAKFAST B EVERAGE.—H OM ea vathic practitioners,
and the medical profession generally, recommend cocoa
as being the most healthful of all beverages. When the doc-
trine of homceopathy was firs; introduced into this country
there were to be obt :fined no preparations of cocoa either at.
tractive to the taste or acceptable to the stomach ; the nut
was either supplied is the crude state, or so unskilfully
manufactured as to obtain little notice. J. Epps, of London,
Homoeopathic Chemist, was induced in the year 1839 to turn
his attention to this subject, and at lenAth succeeded, with
the assistance of elaborate machinery, in being the first
to produce an article pure in its composition, and so refined
grateful u
breakfast Epp s'
by the perfect ti iteration it receives in the process it passes
r a tri n general
t
pre. sigh, as to be moat acceptable to the delicate stomach.
o
sC ocoais distinguished as an invigo-
rating,
beverage, possessing a most deli-
cious aroma. Dr.
Adult eratm • * Ilassall, in his work, "Food and its
s," says -"cocoa
contains a great variety of
. and with im-
portant nutritive
the growth and principles—every ingredient necessary to
sustenance of the body." &gain: "As a
nutritive, cocoa standsmavery much higher than either coffee
or tea." Di
breakfast cup, tined —
Two teaspoonfuls of the powder in a
la tin-lined alb., up4.lb. boiling water or milk. Secured
llb. labelled packets, and sold by
till grocers, confectioners, and chemists.-
[A nrr.]

rnE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, MARCH 18, 186 L

measured mile off Maplin Sands on her final trial
previous to leaving for ier destination.
The Terrible, 21, paddlewheel frigate, 1,850 tons,
800-horse power, Master-in-charge F. Townsend,
was swung for the adjustment of her compasses
yesterday. She will be shortly commissioned and
made ready to accomlany the Great Eastern in
laying down the Atlantic telegraph cable in July
next.

The Phaeton, 39, screwsteam frigate, 2,396 tons,
400-horse power, Capt. G. Le. G. Bowyear, recently
returned from the North American and West Indies
station to be paid out of commission, was taken into
Sheerness dockyard on Tlursday to be dismantled.
She will be paid off on the 24th inst., and placed in
the third division of the Sherness Steam Reserve.

A general order has been received at Chatham
garrison from the Horse Guards, announcing that
by an Act passed by the Legislature of Queensland
the privilege hitherto granted to military and naval
settlers in that colony is abolished.
The route for the departire of the depot of the
81st Regiment from Chatham has arrived at that
garrison from the War De?artment, and the two
companies will forthwith move to Gosport, where
they will await the arrival of the head-quarters from
India. The 81st Regiment embarked for the East
Indies on the Ist of July, 1853, and was one of the
corps which served with the Eusufyzie expedition
under Sir Sydney Cotton in 1858. From the time
the regiment has been in India the strength of the
service companies has been greatly reduced, but they
will be raised to their full complement by the depot
companies and recruits.

The Lock-ont in the Iron Trade.

NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE, Friday.

In this district all persons interested in the iron
trade are extremely anxious with regard to the in-
terview between the representatives of the masters
and men which will take place at York this after-
noon. A meeting of delegates from the Gateshead
Union of Ironworkers, in anticipation of the inter-
view with the masters to-day, was held at York last
night. From Middlesborough it was reported that a
vote of approval had been passed to the executive
for their conduct in respect to the North Stafford-
shire strike, and for the policy adopted by them at
the delegate meeting on Tuesday. The men were
prepared to withhold all support to the North Staf-
fordshire men, but were totally opposed to sign-
ing any document, as suggested by the masters at
the conference. From Jarrow, Darlington, Black-
hill, Wittonpark, and Spennymoor, the reports were
substantially the same as that passed at Middles-
borough, and at each place the men were opposed
to signing any document. From Walker it was re-
ported that the men were fully satisfied with the pro-
ceedings of the council relative to North Stafford-
shire, were pleased with the spirit of the delegate
meeting, and were determined to withhold all support
from the North Staffordshire men until they came
within the pale of the association. They were al so
against signing any document. From Consett Mr.
M'lver reported that the men had proposed a reso-
lution to withhold all supportfrom the men of North
and South Staffordshire, providing the masters of
the north of England would terminate their connec-
tion with the masters of North and South Stafford-
shire. He said that the men were desirous that the
ironworkers of the north of England should have a
union and executive of their own, and have no con-
nection with the southern ironworkers ; and they
wished the northern masters also to discontinue their
connection with the south, so that each district
might settle its own differences, as they felt confi-
dent that if the northern executive had had no con-
nection with the south the north would not have
been brought into the present difficulty. As the
Staffordshire delegates had not arrived, the meeting
was adjourned until this morning. A telegram was
received from Sheffield stating that two delegates
from the iron-workers of that district would be in
York to-day. They would have been there yester-
day, but they had to attend a meeting of the trades
union of that town last night, called for the pur-
pose of making arrangements for a levy on their
members in support of the persons locked out.
There are 5,600 men out of work at Middlesborough,
and it the lock-out is protracted in: that town for
any length of time there will soon be great distress,
and as there are a great number of Irishmen in this
population it is feared that mischief will arise. At
a meeting of the Labourers' Union held at Middles-
borough the night before last the following resolu-
tions were adopted. It was proposed by J. MALO-
NEY and seconded by J. BRANNEN :
" As we, the Labourers' Union, are the only organization
through which the thoeuasaanopdst oft h e interestslabourers inof
boththis districtunn
can give expression to their thoughts or invoke the sym-
pathy of the public, w
and Non-Union labourers, and pledge ourselves to obtain
work or aid for them, if possible."

bayrCe:it!AniConaTnldi
present and ndseitcoththede
by
yIHt wENasßyprwopomsLediAms
:
311a"yTorh,arteqwueesgteitngultm to convene a public meeting at his
earliest convenience to take into consideration the best
means of supporting the 5,600 men who are locked out at
present ; and that this association pledges itself to refuse
any aid to any person or persons who, by any riotous con-
duct, shall place person or property in danger, or otherwise
commit a breach of the peace ; and the like person or per-
sons shall be liable to forfeit azy benefit from the associa-
tion hereafter."

The following is a copy of the memorial men.
tioned in the foregoing resolution

" To the Worshipful the Mayor of Middlesborough.
"We, the undersigned burgesses and ratepayers of Mid-
dlesborough, taking into consideration the hardships likely
to be endured by the great body of the labouring classes,
with their helpless wives and families, by the present lock-
out, a cause for which they are not directly or indirectly
responsible—and which, if protracted, will inevitably drive
the smaller tradesmen into the Bankruptcy Court, and en-
tail an amount of evilstehxaptrysn of opinion years of
Opprospz h conduce
to will
ofnadiltoe
might c
erase—we, thinking an es
to an early settlement of the dispute, or, if not, to arrange
some means by which the large numbers of the labouring
classes now out might be. employed, earnestly request you
to convene a public meeting to take the subject into consi-
deration."

At Witton-park and Spennymoor many of the
workmen occupy houses belonging to the masters. At
Spennymoor there is some prospect that the men
and their families will be evicted unless the lock-out
is speedily terminated. At Witton-park the agents
of Messrs. Bolckow and Vaughan refuse to pay the i
men their " baff-money" until they quit the cottages
and give up the keys. The Jarrow workmen have
come to a resolution that after Messrs. Palmer's
works are reopened they will not lay their hands
upon a tool until every man in the works becomes
a member of the union. In consequence of this step
Mr. C. Bladen, head manager of the ironworks, met
a deputation from the men yesterday morning, and
expressed his great regret that a meeting of the
workmen should, after laving thanked Mr. Palmer
for his kindness and courtesy at the Newcastle
meeting, in the very next breath threaten to keep
the works closed unless every man joined the union.
After the conference with the deputation from the
union, Mr. Bladen proceeded to Newcastle and had
an interview with Mr. Palmer upon the action taken
by the union men, the result of which was that Mr.
Palmer immediately telegraphed to Jarrow an order
that all the labourers and men engaged in extend-
ing the ironworks should at once be paid off. In the
afternoon a meeting of the Jarrow Lodge was held,
when the following resolution was put and carried :
That this meeting, having reflected upon the motion
passed at a meeting of this lodge yesterday about the men
not commencing work till all had joined the union, now
withdraws that motion in its entirety, feeling that it is
unjust and most unreasonable ; at the same time it wishes
the fact to be known that the chairman, Mr. Leech, dis-
sented from the motion, and that when the motion was
proposed and put to the meeting it was partly broken up."
After this meeting had been held, Mr. Leech, the
chairman of the lodge, waited upon Mr. Bladen, and
explained that the resolution of Wednesday was
passed at the end of the meeting, and after a portion
of the men had left, and though no hands were held
up against the motion, many of the members of the
union were decidedly opposed to its spirit, and, as
the resolution above states, that he as chairman, did
not agree to it. Mr. Bladen again waited upon
Mr. Palmer and gave the above explanation. Mr.
Palmer expressed his deep regret that the men had
evinced such a spirit of opposition, and said that he
could not go to the York conference with the same
hopes of a speedy settlement as he otherwise would
have done.
Yesterday the mill men were solicited to go in