The Sun.
London, England, 1865-12-13 00:00:00

WAR OFFICE, DEC. 8.

sth Regiment of. Dragoon Guards—W. G. Balfour, Gent.,
to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Clarke, promoted ; E.
Alderley, Gent., to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Blaine,
promoted.
6th Dragoon Guards—A. Rickards, Gent., to be Cornet, by
purchase, vice Marriott, promoted.
6th Dragoons—Cornet W. J. Power to be Lieutenant, by
purchase, vice W. V. King, who retires ; G. C. Fitzroy,
Gent., to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Power.
9th Lancers —C. H. Palairet, Gent., to be Cornet, by pur-
chase, vice the Hon. E. F. J. Preston, promoted.
14th llussars Captain A. N. Bolton, from the 56th Foot,
to be Captain, vice H. Bradley, who exchanges.
17th Lancers—W. Brougham, Gent., to be Cornet, by pur-
chase, vice A. B. Donnithorne, who retires.
Royal Artillery—Staff. Assistant-Surgeon G. S. Davie,
M.D., to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice J. Michael, de-
ceased.
sth Regiment of Foot—E. Lo Marchant Trafford, Gent., to
be Ensign, by purchase, vice Booth, promoted.
14th Foct— Ensign L. K. Howat to be Lieutenant, by pur-
chase, vice S. Watson, who retires; W. K. Barrett, Gent.,
to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Howat.
15th Foot —LieutenantA. Heaton to be Captain, by pur-
chase, vice G. J. Mamisell, who retires; Ensign C. K.
Brooke to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Heaton ;
Ensign D. Broughton, from 63d Foot, to be Ensign, vice
Brooke.
16th Foot—Staff-Surgeon W. Armstrong to be Surgeon,
vice Surgeon-Major W. G. Swan, plated upon half-pay.
30th Foot—Captain Pelham, on appointment to the Army
on the 25th June,-1858, should have been described as

, .
Pelham Thursby Pelham.
38th Foot—Ensign W. Sinclair to be Lieutenant, by pur-
chase, vice D. R. Lofthouse, who retires; Ensign F. C.
Burton, from the 56th Foot, to be Ensign, vice Sinclair.
49th Foot—The surname of the Ensign transferred from
the 66th Foot, on the 10th ultimo, is Humfrey, not
" Humphrey."
52d Foot—Lieut. H. Synge to be Instructor of Musketry,
vice Lieut. Adair, appointed Adjutant.
56th Foot—Captain 11. Bradley, from the 14th Hussars, to
be Captain, vice A. N. Bolton, who exchanges J. R.
Harriman, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Buxton,

. ,
transferred to the 38th Foot.
Nth Foot—Lieut. A. F. Terry has been permitted to' re-
sign the Adjutancy in consequence of his transfer from
the 3d to the Ist Battalion.
62d Foot—Lieut, L. G. Dundas to be Captain, without
purchase, vice W. B. Davenport, deceased; Ensign J.
Boughey to be Lieutenant, without purchase, vice Dun-
das; Ensign K. R. B. Wodehouso to be Lieutenant, by
purchase. vice 13ou_ghey, wh.m.,.-promotion, by purchase,
on Nov. 10, 1865; hag been aunelled ; Gentleman cadet.
R. A. Poole, from the Royal Military College, to be En-
sign, by purchase, vice Wodehouse.
63d Foot—W. C. Harrison, Gent, to be Ensign, by pur-
chase vice Broughton, transferred to the loth Foot.

66th Foot—Captain P. W. Benwell, from the 100th Foot,
to be Captain, vice A. Trigge, who exchanges.
87th Foot—Lieut. A. R. Southey to be Captain, by pur-
chase, vice E. A. D. Widdrington, Who retires ; Ensign
11. D. Devereux to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice
Southey ; F. C. Annesloy, Gent., to be Ensign, by pur-
chase, vice Devereux.
100th Foot—Captain A. Trigge, from the 66th Foot, to be
Captain, vice F. W. Benwell, who exchanges.
Rifle Brigade—Lieut. H. S. Brownrigg to be Instructor of
Musketry, vice F. Markham, appointed Provisional
Lieutenant Instructor at the School of Musketry, Fleet-
wood.

DEPOT BATTALION.—Capt. H. Kelsall, 16th Foot, to be
Instructor of Musketry, vice Captain Tarte, appointed Ad-
jutant. _

MEDICAL DEPARTMENT.—Assistant Surgeon G. N. Irvine,
M.D., from the Royal Artillery, to be Staff Assistant Sur-
geon, vice J. G. S. Mathison, deceased; Staff Assistant
Surgeon M. S. Grace, M.D., has been permitted to resign
his commission ; Staff Assistant Surgeon J. J. Verdon has
been permitted to resign his commission.
CHAPLAIN'S DEPARTMENT.—Tho Rev. F. F. Thomson,
8.A., Chaplain of the Fourth Class, to be Chaplain of the
Third Class; the Rev. C. Moore, 8.A., Chaplain of the
Fourth Class, to bo Chaplain of the Third Class.
MEMORANDUM.--Major and Brevet Lieut.-Col. H. D.
Fanshawo, half-pay Unattached, has been permitted to
retire from the service by the sale of his commission, in
accordance with the Horse Guards Circular Memorandum
of Feb. 15, 1861.
ADMIRALTY, DEC. 11.
The following Flag promotions, dated the 2d inst. have
been made in consequence of the removal of the name of
Admiral H. Smith, C. 8., from the Active to the Reserved
Flag List, on his being granted a Service Pension : —Vice-
Admiral Sir S. Lushington, K.C.8., on the Reserved List,
to be Admiral on the same List ; Vice-Admiral J. A. Duntze
to be Admiral in her Majesty's Fleet. Rear-Admirals F.
D. Hastings and G. Hathorn, on the Reserved List, to be
Vice-Admirals on the same List. Rear-Admiral Sir L. T.
Jones, K.C.8., to be Vice-Admiral in her Majesty's Fleet.
Captains J. C. Caffin, C. 8., and R. Tryon, to be Rear-Ad-
mirals on the Reserved List. Captain T. Harvey to be
Rear-Admiral in her Majesty's Fleet ; Retired Rear-Ad-
miral W. Shepheard to be Retired Vice-Admiral. Retired
Captains W. Clark, T. L Gooch, G. A. Halsted, and R.
Sharpe, to be Retired Rear-Admirals, under the provisions
of her Majesty's Order in Council of 1851.

THE AMERICAN DEBT AND RESOURCES.
While in numerous instances, no doubt, the public taxes
press heavily, and for persons of fixed and limited in-
comes the times are hard, yet it will be readily conceded
that no national expenditure ever created less dismay, and
no taxation was ever more cheerfully borne. Reasons
for this feeling aro founded on something better than vain
confidence. They grow out of an intelligent comprehen-
sion of the necessity that existed for the creation of such
a debt, and a knowledge of the resources that may be relied
upon for its payment. The tax-gatherer, in most coun-
tries of the old world, is looked upon as an unmitigated
evil or a public highwayman, who takes your money to
pay the armies that restrain your liberty. The English-
man, indeed, perceives that the income of his Consols de-
pends very much on the state of the Exchequer, but in
nearly every other country of Europe the expenditure of
the year exceeds the income, and the great problem is
how and where to borrow. In the year 1793 the debt of
Great Britain was $1,205,413,372. In 1816 it had increased
to $4,205,621,530. In 1862 it was $3,690,075,357. That
of the United States, on the 30th of September, was
$2,744,947,726 17. The revenue of England in 1862 was
$322184,000. The revenue of the United States, judg-
ing from the returns for the three months ending Sep-
tember 30, is at the rate of $560,000,000 per annum ; or, in
other terms, our debt is one-third less and our revenue
more than two-thirds greater than that of Great
Britain. The debt of France in 1863 was $1,902,238,400,
while her expenditure exceeded her income by $67,127,972.
Austria owes a public debt of $1,108,267,239, while the
annual expenses exceeded the income in 1862 by
$35,087,462. In fact there are but few European States
whose income exceeded their expenses by a small sum,
while many of them aro plunging into the abyss of debt at
front $200,000 to over $60,000,000 annually. When we
reflect on those things and remember that the American
war debt has already been reduced nearly $16,000,000, and
that the annual revenues are not only sufficient to pay the
interest., but at present rates will soon swallow up the
principal, there is reason for faith in U.S. bonds and for a
fearless confidence in the community generally. All this is
not after years of peace and commercial prosperity, but at
a time when, if ever, the credit of the country might well
be supposed to have received a shock. It may indeed sur-
prise the future student of political economy to learn that
the contest which carried distress and calamity into the
manufacturing districts of Groat Britain produced no such
' results in those Northern States which were actually wag-
ing war. If this was in the green tree what shall be in the
dry ? When the activity repressed, or turned into warlike
channels, turns to the courses of civil industry with the
force of a rebound, the effect must be still more sriking.
The people may well appreciate and confide in, as they do,
that statesmanship which achieved so much, and rode out
the storm AO 41°Urna/'