The Sun.
London, England, 1862-10-02 00:00:00

FATAL FIGHT BETWEEN 7WO BOYS.

On Monday night, a fight took place in Carlisle
between two boys, which has unfortunately termi-
nated fatally with one combatant, and the other
one is in custody awaiting the coroner's inquest.
The name of the boy who has been killed is George
Sinclair, about 17 years of age, and that of his oppo-
nent is James Callan, about 15 years of age. They
were seconded by boys of about the same age, Sin-
clair having been backed by Nichol Brown, and
Callan by John Conkeye The origin 'of the quarrel
appears to have been this—Callan met Sinclair near
the Town Hall, where he was fighting with another
boy, named William Tweddle, of Sowerby-street.
Callan accused Sinclair of striking Tweddle when
he was down. Sinclair denied this rather warmly,
and it was proposed that they should fight each
other. Sinclair suggested that they should adjourn
the fight until Monday night; and it was again
suggested that they should put it off until Satur-
days when there would be more light. They at last
determined to fight on Monday night, and appointed
to meet each other at the Town Hall at 8 o'clock.
Sinclair did not draw up at 8 o'clock, and Callan, in
company with Conkcy, Beeby, and some companions,
went through one of the lanes and found him. They
gent to the foot of the Catholic-lane, when
r again declined to fight until Saturday.
Callan agreed, agreed, and was about to return home, when
some others who were present persuaded Sinclair
to fight then, and Callan was called back. They
went further down the lane to about 10 yards from
the water side, and commenced to fight. Blows
were struck pretty freely on both sides, chiefly
about the head and face, and both fell several times.
There were about 50 persons present, and after the
two had fought about an hour and a quarter, Sin.
clair complained of being sick. A number of boys
then commenced shouting that Callan had won, and
Sinclair went to the water side. Callan walked
away for about a 100 yards, and then returned to
shake hands with Sinclair, but some of them said
he was sick,'and he need not mini shaking hands.
In ono of the rounds Callan cross-buttocked Sin-
clair, and fell upon him, but in nearly all the
other rounds they merely struggled and fell down.
Sinclair was taken to the Dispensary, where he
was examined by Mr. Jones, surgeon, but died
soon after. Callan and the two seconds were
taken into custody by the city police, and after
remaining some time, Mr Bent allowed the seconds
to go on bail, but kept Callan in custody.—Car-
lisle Journal.

We may consider the plan of the sewing-schools
one of the very best means of relief which has been carried
out in any degree. More of them are wanted ; and there
is an earnest cry for the extension of such as exist. To
these sewing-rooms we must look for the possibility of
carrying out Lord Palmerston's recommendation that the
present dreary opportunity should be used for keep-
ing the children and lads at school. If the Guar-
dians were to agree to-morrow to pay the school
pence of every boy and girl, a very large propor-
tion would be prevented from attending by the state
of their clothing. The sewing-rooms might remedy
this, if they were kept properly supplied with material.
Stout dark flannel makes good blouses for boys—remnants
of print and stuff and linseys make frocks and petticoats
for girls. Remnants of almost any fabric will make bon-
nets, and also pinafores. The same dark flannel, in
squares, bound with worsted binding, makes little shawls
for children. While making those articles, and women's
gowns and other garments, the factory girls are learning.
what has been hitherto deficient in their training—they
become more fit for domestic life ; they are in
.a
fst!dfelepnleascse:
free at once from the temptations and the e
and
that it is a
sisters at the very cheapest rate.
and they obtain clothing for themselves "crthoeiir young'
for admissien to
t frantic to get
heart
-rmoving
Tspheectaoclfe
poor girls are
almost
1 their sisters in 111'
ifeasy only, they are disposed
isters in the
Will not the women
disposed. it
restsmatter? with them to open these sewing-MOMS to as many as
The way is
,desire a peat there.--OMe IFWA.
.Eto.nseg;
aiti.hde strugglelmlops

LIVES of EMINENT
FUN ST,
every ATESMEN, by
THOS. HOOD, Esq., in week.

Now Ready, handsomely bound in Magenta cloth, gilt, price
4s. 6d. ; post free, is., the
SECOND half-yearly VOLUME of FUN, with
►►JJ numerous Engravings by talented artists, and humor-
ous Articles by the following distinguished writers :
W. Bailey, Esq. W. S. Gilbert, Esq.
W. Barber, Esq. T. Hood, Esq.
E. L. Blanchard, Esq. T. S. Jerrold, Esq.
G. W. Bridgeman, Esq. W. J. Prowse, Esq.
F. C. Burnand. Esq. Godfrey Turner, Esq.
11. J. Byron, Esq. &c., Ste., &c.
Office, 80, Fleet-street, London.

CRYSTAL PALACE.- ARRANGEMENTS
for TO-MORROW (FRIDAY). Open at NINE.
Orchestral Band at
Great Fountains at
Great Organ Performance at
Orchestral Band at
Admission to all, One Shilling; Children, Sixpence.

r„' For full particulars of amusements see first page.
ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN,
This Evening, CROWN DIAMONDS.
Commence at 8.

THEATRE-ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.
'his Evening, THE ROUGH DIAMOND. After which.
THE RELIEF OF LUCHNOW. To conclude with THE
ARABS OF THE DESERT. A Troupe of the Bent-Zoug-
Zoug. Commence at 7.

THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
This Evening., A DAUGHTER TO MARRY. HUNTING, which
OUR AMERICAN COUSIN. With DUCIC.
And THE GALICIAN FETE
en .
Commce at 7.

NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI
r This Evening, THE GREEN BUSHES. Followed by
THE SPITALFIELDS WEAVER. To conclude with
THE SHILLING DAY.
Commence at 7.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
This Evenin.,, THE RENDEZVOUS. Alter which_jara
quarter to 8, K.U4G, HENRY VIII. with BORROWING
A HITSBAND. Commence at 7.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
This Evening PEEP O'DAY. Followed by KILLAR-
NEY'. Conclude with THE COLLEEN BAWN SETTLED
AT LAST- Commence at 7.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
This ..-gvening, MAZEPPA. Brilliant Scenes in the Circle.
Concluditig with a Comic Ballet.
Commence at 7.

MR. and MRS. CHARLES MATHEWS " AT
itOME," at Her Majesty's Concert Room, Haymarket, This
Evening. Commence at 8.

w. ,S. WOODIN'S CABINET OF CURIOSITIES,
Polygraphic Hall, Kin Comm g Willia
Commence

MR. and ims. GERMAN REED, with MR, JOHN
PARRY, Every Evening (except Saturday), at the Royal
Gallery of Illustrotion, 14, Regent-street, at 8.

ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street, Hay-
market. Open every evening for Promenade and Dancing.

CANTERBU HALL.—EVERY EVENING.—
tec3Eel, the great Trapeze performer -Grand Operatic Selec-
tion as usual -Unsworth, Eugene, anal Duley, the great comic
trio, Are.

Commence at 7.

THE
—Grand
6, OXFORD-STREET, EVERY
ENlNG.—Grand Operatic Selections, with full band and
VNchorus.—The comic performance of Miss Caroline Parkes—
Steckel on the Flying Trapeze—The Ethiopian oddities of
BUMBey, Newcomb, &c.
Commence at 7.

EXHIBITION OF THE GOLDEN EAGLE, daily,
Burltngton Gallery, 191, Piccadilly.

NOTICE.

All remittances' are, henceforth, to be made to
Mr. JOHN CI7APLIN, at The Sun office, 112,
Strand, who has been appointed, by the Lord
Chancellor, Receiver and Manager of The Sun
newspaper, and the outstanding debts due in
respect thereof.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
This DAY.—Morning, Bh. 20m.—Afternoon, 9h. 6m.
To-monnow.-Morning, 9h. 50m.—Aftornoon, 10h. 32m.

GARIBALDI is always greater with the sword in
his hand than with the pen. His capacities are
not orbicular. Ile is essentially a man of action.
He is in no way whatever a man of words—whether
it be words spoken or words written. All he can ac-
complish in that way creditably to his reputation is
to raise a battle cry. In th'.s way, at once as a speaker
and as a writer, he must take rank among the epi-
grammatists. His latest war cry after this fashion
was effective and comprehensible. " Rome or
Death ! "—it was a trumpet note in its instant
eloquence as telling as the most elaborate oration
ever delivered against CATALINE by CICERO, as the
most impassioned Philippic ever pronounced by
DEMOSTHENES. It only proved a futile summons
to the Italian people because it was uttered at the
wrong time. Even then, under those evil auspices,
ill-timed though it was to the last degree, it was
beginning to echo and re-echo among the Calabrian
mountains rather formidably, when by a sudden
blending of audacity and treachery en the part of
the RATTAZZI Cabinet--
" The Eagle, in its pride of place,
Was by a mousing owl hawked at and killed"—
or, at any rate, cruelly wounded ! GARIBALDI,
deceived by a flag of truce, surrounded by a band
of Bersaglieri, was shot down by the soldiers of
PALLAVICINI, and borne awaybleeding, in great
bodily suffering (a prisoner charged with treason),
upon the litter hastily constructed at Aspromonte.
Hardly any document that ever emanated from
GARIBALDI, searcely any speech that ever fell
from the hero's lips before this calamitous enter-
prise of his which has terminated so very lamen-
tably, has been worthy of him, of his fame, of his
magnanimity, of his disinterestedness. We have
hardly ever read a speech of his without disappoint-
ment. We have certainly never yet perused a letter
or a proclamation of his that has appeared to us in
any way worthy of the great and heroic name
subscribed to it. Almost invariably we have turned
from the record of the speech, or of the document,
with a secret wish at heart that it had never been
'Token, that it had never been written. The grasp
of the Great Condotiere is more suited to the bend
of the sword-hilt, than to the delicate tube of (that
often yet more potent weapon) the pen, or to the
rail of the tribune. As no exception to this rule of
disappointment, in regard to the spoken and writ-
ten words of GARIBALDI, we have occasion to direct
attention, with no more pleasure than we have
hitherto been able to
ierive from the articulate
effusions of General QA-RizALDI'B thoughts and
emot ions, to his remarkable ti Address to the Eng-
lish Nation," published by uan thistensoon.
t i
is even-
leg
a in another part of
impexresai
document written quite obviously
from the
depths of the heart, and under in
t.helt
linen ce of very profound sentiments is I
fa .r from being perfectly satisfactory, even under l
to aese circumstances. It is scarcely a just and accu-
rate expression, after all—we are qaite satisfied of
this--of the feelings with which GARIBALDI turns
his glance now towards England. It is occasionally
bombastic. It is here and there as vague as vague
c?.n be. It is absurdly contrary to fact—where it
speaks of the Great American Republic as "now
struggling for the abolition of Slavery !"—when
the Great American Republic is doing absolutely
nothing whatever of the kind! There is a
'touch of rhocionacntade about that applica-
tion to VICTOR. HUGO of the title of the
"High Priest of Hu man Brotherhood." And
again, in that pretty little fanciful designation ap-
ilied to the Swiss, viz.,--" The Vestals of the Sacred
I qre of Liberty on the Continent of Europe !" If
I .he Address had been as brief as the Hero's
battle cries, it would have been immeasurably
better for
convine,ed.
his reputation. Of this we are abso-
•lutelyls ; there no judicious friend,
louder by the
enerare pallet, who will snatch the

pen from his hand in future when he is about to ad-
dress himself in any deliberate and formal manner to
his contemporaries;? He is a man of such importance,
by reason of his burning patriotism, of his astonish-
ing audacity, of his extraordinary achievements,
and of his sublime disinterestedness, that whatever
he addresses thus formally to his contempora-
ries has a very considerable prospect of
long surviving to the remembrance of after
times. We begrudge whatever is calculated to
mar his conspicuous reputation. And the distaff
is not more out of place in the hand of the ideal
HERCULES, than the pen is, to our thinking, in the
hand of GARIBALDI. Let the Hero content himself
in future with putting as few words as may be
upon paper. Enough for him to keep the edge
still keen upon his stainless sword.

All English mammas and papas, all at least
whose children are of schoolgoing age, have an in-
terest in the question mooted at Birmingham by Sir
I. PAKINGTON, one which has been indeed so often
discussed, but which will continue to be discussed,
for many generations to come. Nothing can appear
more unreasonable, at first sight, than that the study
of dead languages should form the chief subject of
the education of the living. What good can Eng-
lish boys and lads expect from giving the best of
their educational years to pouring over the gram-
mars, the lexicons, and the graduses of the languages
of Greece and Rome. The youth of those two great
peoples of antiquity did not teach their lads foreign
languages. The Greeks gave them the name of
"barbarous," and have furnished us with that word
as one of supreme contempt—a contempt
not greater than that with which it was usually
uttered by them. If Greeks did not teach their
boys Egyptian or Persian, why should we teach
our boys Greek ? Perhaps it will be answered be-
cause the Romans, after all, did teach their children
Greek ; and if the old republicans did not know
much at first of that language, it is certain that
the later republicans, and one of the sternest of
them, too, learned to prize it, even in old age.
We may say, indeed, that Greece is at the bot-
tom of this devotion to the ancient language, and
all this discussion about it. Greece was the school-
master of Rome if Rome was the conqueror of
Greece, and Rome's best known poet has frankly
confessed the literary triumph of the conquered
nation. Roman literature would not have existed
had not that of Greece existed before it. The
rude and fierce masters of the world were
constrained to bow to the intellectual and
artistic superiority of the people whom their
legions could overpower, and the chief
title, to perpetuity, of Roman authorship is, that it
had thoroughly studied in the schools of Greece.
The marvellous superiority of that wonderful people,
and chiefly of those who dwelt in the little domain
of Attica, is apparent by one parallel—that of
France and England. The French are confessed to
be in a sense the modern Athenians—yet with what
a vast difference ! We, like the Romans, a less
polished and more practical nation, never think of
admitting the French as our teachers in matters of
literature and taste : we deem their influence in this
department enfeebling if not corrupting. But the
sturdy Romans did not hesitate to borrow from
Athens, and to urge the daily and nightly study of
the models she furnished. Rome was not indeed a
mere imitator, or her literature would have perished
long ago ; on the other hand, Roman thought
would never have attained a lasting form had it not
been moulded by the taste and thought of Greece.
What Hebrew thought has been to the morality
and religion of Chrieteudom,Urecian thought has
Ithus become to tho literature of European civilisa-
tion.

And here is the solution of the question—Why
can we not educate without going to Rome and
Greece? The reason is twofold; first, we cannot,
if we would, detach ourselves from all that has
gone before. We can no more dispense with an
educational conformity, to a large extent, with the
past, than we can dispense with a considerable con-
formity to the dress which a long tradition has
given us. We may vary, add, modify, in the one
as in the other, but no one save a Duke of ATHOL,
and a few other lightminded fops, can appear
among his fellow civilians in either a literal or an
intellectual garb, wholly diverse from theirs. But
the other, and the weighter reason is, that Greece
has given us, partly directly, in her own works,
and partly indirectly, through those of Rome,
models of literary beauty, and of thought, which
can never henceforth be neglected. No man who
has fairly studied them in his youth, even though
he may have used them but little since, can tolerate
well the idea of being denuded of what they have
given him. Ho knows that his own language,
and all its literature, is a different thing to him
from what it would otherwise have been. Its very
words, or half of them, would not have half the
meaning they now have, and as to speaking and
writing, he is constantly reminded by the trips of
intelligent, but half educated men, of the advantage
which he possesses. It would, too, be no difficult
thing to show that the most English of our writers
.—SHAICESPEARE, SWIFT, BUNYAN even—would not
have been what they are, had not Greek and Latin

educated the country in which they wrote.
But, on the other hand, it is reasonable to con-
demn
the mediaeval foppery of making Latin and
through
Greek everything. If the men of Birmingham had
the sense to find out that they wanted Latin in
their institution, and to ask for it, it would be 1
equally creditableourgreat to the
schools, fatherswho whosee
have
whatpassed
the
world is around
them, to ask that modern science
languages
and
shall not be excluded from them.
Their sons
ought to know French or German, or
both, as well as their daughters; and they ought
not, in discussions, and on occasions of public life
which require acquaintance with modern science,
to be ignorant of its very elements. We have
seen it ably argued, that science is the one thing
needful, the Alpha and the Omega in English edu-
cation ; that it alone qualifies a man to extract the
greatest amount of comfort from the world around
him. This is true if we mean the physical world
merely. But since human beings are of far more
importance to his comfort than all the material
creation, an education which places him in the bt at
possiblenotinic
position in regard to them is in truth of
the very highest importance.
We know of
h
that can so fit a youth for the moral
struggles of life as the Bible for his religious teacher,
'andthe
of modernolassics for his secular models. The Bible
\
and the classics have formed the minds of the
greatest
nations.

It is really frightfUl to read of the miseries in-
flicted on an innocent country by the Emperor of
the FRENCH through the 110IY -Father. Though the
larger bands of brigands have been put down, smaller
companies of them still murder and pillage, shel-
tered from danger by their easy retreat to the skirts
of the papal vestments. We have not heard so
much of them, since the larger bands were broken
up and their leaders shot, but in the districts %dia.
cent to the remaining States of Church, they are „al
active as ever. The leaders are well known by
name, and the numbers of men with them which
range from twenty to eighty. A letter in a con-
temporary yesterday enumerated nine of these

leaders, and:described their followers. The writer

says—
There is this difference between the organisation of this
and the last year, that the bands are smaller, more übiqui-
tous, and more destructive, while almost all are mounted.
Of the enormities they commit I have given you an instance
already ; take two or three others. It is not long since 12
girls were carried off from Rotondella into the wood, and
because they would not submit to the brutal passions of the
band were all murdered, one being literally hacked in
pieces. In another place after a brigand had been shot his
confederates a few days after set fire to a tract of country
several miles in circuit. Their parents are walking outside
a city in the same province with two children, when one is
suddenly seized, and a ransom of 12,000 ducats demanded
and received. Do not hesitate to receive my statements;
they can all be confirmed, and even worse ; and the con-
sequences ate that fear and discouragement prevail every-
where in the outlying provinces. Thousands of acres will
lie this year uncultivated. There are many whom I could
name who have lost their 30,000 or 40,000 ducats from in-
cendiary fires and wholesale robberies."
Take another individual case, for in the general
term brigandage we are apt to forget what savages
these men are—how utterly indifferent to human
life, and wasteful destruction of property they
cannot carry away. Dates and places are given ;
the victims were the bride and bridegroom in a
bridal party :

" As a bridal party, consisting of a lovely young per-
son of the Cinelli family, 16 years of age, of her bride-
groom, her mother, and one of their domestics, were the
day after the wedding travelling from Campobasso by a
public conveyance, they were fallen upon by a party of
thirty mounted bandits. The attempt of these latter
to force the bride along with them was resisted by the
bridegroom, who was consequently killed on the spot. The
young wife, roused into fury by the fall of her husband,
broke out into such curses and invectives against the mur-
derers that these could only silence her by laying her down
dead by the side of the dead. The villains then compelled
the old servant to strip the bodies of the unhappy couple of
all their ornaments and clothes before the eyes of the dis-
tracted mother, and, after also robbing all the other travel-
lers of all they had about them, they made off with perfect
impunity.

There is no reason for thinking these tales
of horror worse than scores which which might be
told. And then, as bad as all these atrocities, is
the seduction of the poor ignorant peasantry to
join the standard of these robbers, through the no-
torious favour accorded to them by the POPE, and
through representations that it is all in the name
of their late monarch, whose cause the Holy Father
espouses. Thus these districts are not only kept in
continual alarm, and rendered the scenes of the
most barbarous atrocities, but the peasantry
themselves are demoralised in the name of

religion and of loyalty. The cause of plunder
and even murder is the cause of Pope Pius and
FRANCIS II ! Yet this is but too true. It is their
mode of avenging themselves on the people who, as
a whole, have thrown off their yoke. The KING
and the Arch-Priest can little hope to regain posses-
sion of the territories they so misgoverned, but they
can hope to lead many of the inhabitants such a

wretched life as to make them dissatisfied with
their present Government, and to create the opinion
that Italy cannot be governed as a whole kingdom.
What the inhabitants ought to know, however,

and what the better portion of them well know, is
that the POPE and the KING are but the tools, the
willing tools, it is true, of a mightier monarch.
The POPE and his Minister, ANTONELLI, well
understand that they are protected against their

own subjects for this very purpose. They are quite
aware that the more they can disturb Italy, the
longer they will enjoythe protection of French troops.

To them all the sham proposals and arrangements
which can come from the Tuileries are quite intel-
ligible—they mean, "Let us go on for ever disputing
provided you keep up the blister, and I enable
you to do it." In the recently published corre-
spondence between the EMPEROR and his HoLI-

NESS, some of our contemporaries see an indica

tion of the approaching withdrawal of the French
troops from Rome; we see nothing of the kind.
Of course, it is possible—any surprise is possible
in such a quarter—but the natural interpretation
is, that it is just another display to serve the
purpose of a little discussion for a while, without
the slightest intention of any corresponding ac-
tion. The EMPEROR relies on brute force alone.
All that is noble in France dislikes the dirty
business of Rome ; all that is liberal and enlight-
ened in her has, ever since the Revolution, amongst
the men at least, refused faith in a Vicar of
CHRIST ; but to uphold him as a political device,
when all religious faith in him has wholly departed,
is still a popular device with the governing classes.
The illiterate, including the army, arc best man-
aged, as in all countries, by the help of a priesthood,
whom the educated despise ; and hence the latter,
even those who thoroughly understand the insin-
cerity of the whole policy, are not eager to throw
it aside.

We only hope that the Emperor, Pope, Cardinal,
and all, may at last overreach themselves. They
may throw the Italians into more active reliance
on England. The latter know that England is their
hearty friend, and that the goodwill of PALMER-
STON, RUSSELL, and GLADSTONE towards Italy,
'has done much to keep them in office, and their
opponents out ; they will hardly ask us to inter-
vene by force ; but, if after vainly appealing to the
man who makes Rome the ulcer instead of the liv-
ing head of Italy, they should turn to us, we must
take some action. Already some views of this kind
have been uttered in Italy ; and if the EMPEROR
persists in his military intervention where he con-
fesses he has no international right to be, he may
find that English influence will become in Italy
more potent than that of France. The end might
then be near.

Yesterday the thirty-second annual meeting of
the British Association, for the advancement of
Science, was formally and brilliantly inaugurated
at Cambridge. The proceedings were as satisfac-
tory, as the arena this year selected for them was,
in every essential particular, suitable. It is not,
of course, the first occasion upon which Cambridge,
that ancient seat of learning, has been selected as
the rendezvous of tho gifted and laborious promo-
ters of the British Association. In two previ-
ous years, as now, in 1862, it has been to the
men of science of England, of Europe, of
ibnl under
the wide world, the appointed place of assem-
y Then,namanowo,f
Britishthi
sscAiesnstoicfiicatiogna,thwears-
g
recognised as having a two-fold attraction about it.
An attraction to the place and to the occasion—to
Cambridge and to the British Association.
Occurring as these same scientific congresses
annually do, in the leisure time of the year,
they have always found many of the leading
intellects of this land enabled by reason of that very
leisure to takepartinmtheesan exception.
proceedings
incident T
raeeting t o
The
assembly is
the The present
year is sof the Association.
not by any an
numerous and distinguishtd. And
presiding over the doings of the Association in 1862
is a man of science not unworthy to take his place
men who
have occupied it as his predecessors. " I need not
in the chair after the many illustrious
refer," said Mr. FAIRBAIR
N on yielding up his
post yesterday as the last year's President of the
Association, " I need not refer to the services
Which Professor WILLis has rendered to science"—
adding, amidst the cheers of an audience peen-
imon
liarly competent to pronounce a formal op'

, ~.,...- / • ''''' ~ -, 4c
44
k 51433 •-, .:--', =.-?)--,. A .- ~
'DEOII _
... -f•:, 'e I , 1,0,•,.,_ •1 I 0
3‘
7,--, Da7 .' l__ ,:. 0.- ' -.X••• '
. r...

THE SUN.
LONDON, THURSDAY, OCT. 2, 1862.