The Sun.
London, England, 1865-09-20 00:00:00

WIIITECHAPEL,

Very moderato supplies of meat are on sale at these
markets. The trade is firm, as follows :-
-Beef, from 2s 10d. to 4s 8d ; mutton, 4s Od to 5s 8d ;
veal, 3s 10i to 48 10d ; and pork, 3s 8d to 5s Oil per 81bs by
the carcase.

Irish tradition says that the Fenians were an
ancient militia or standing army employed only on
home service for protecting the coasts from invasion.
Each of the four provinces, says the tradition, had
its band ; that of Leinster, to which Fionn and his
family belonged, being called the Clanna Baoisgne.
This militia is said to have been paid by the King,
billeted on the people in the winter, but to have
lived in summer by the chase. And these are ima-
gined to have been the qualifications of a Fenian—
" Every soldier was required to swear, that without
regard to her fortune, he would choose a wife for
her virtue; her courtesy, and her good manners ;
that he would never offer violence to a woman
that as far as he could he would -relieve the poor,
and that lie would not refuse to fight nine men of
any other nation. No person could be received into
the service unless his father and mother, and all his
relatives, gave security_ that none of them should
revenge his death upon the person who might slay
him, but that they would leave the matter to his
fellow soldiers. The youth himself must be well
acquainted with the 12 books of poetry, and be
able to compose verses. He must be a perfect
master of defence ; to prove this he was placed in
a field of sedge reaching up to his knees, having in
his hands a target and a hazel stick as long as a
man's arm, Nine experienced soldiers, from a dis-
tance of nine ridges of land, were to hurl their spears
at him at once ; if lie was unhurt he was admitted,
but if wounded he was sent off with a reproach. He
must also run well and defend himself when in fight ;
to try his activity he was made to run through a
wood, having a start of a tree's breadth, the Fenians
pursuing him ; if he was overtaken or wounded in
the wood he was refused, as too sluggish and unskil-
ful to fight with honour among such valiant troops.
Also, he must have_a strong arm and be able to hold
his weapon steadily. Also, when he ran through a
a wood in chase his hair should not come untied ; if
it did he was rejected. Ile Must be so swift and
light of foot as not to break a rotten stick by stand-
ing on it: able also to leap over a tree as high as his
forehead, and to stoop under a tree that was lower
than his knees. Without stooping or lessening his
speed, he must be able to draw a thorn out of his
foot. Finally, he must take an oath of fidelity." The
Rev. G. Keating, who wrote a History of Erin in the
year 1630, gravely says, " So long as these terms of
admission were exactly insisted upon, the militia of
Ireland were an invincible defence to their country,
and a terror to rebels at home and enemies abroad."
Goll M'Morna had slain Fionn's father, Cumhaill,
in battle, and was Fionn's mortal enemy in early life.
Afterwards he made a peace with him, and fought
under him as chieftain of the Connaught Fenians.
But the supremacy of the Clanna Baoisgne led to
feuds,. pnd at last Fionn and his clan, defying the
throne itself, were attacked by all the forces of Erin
except those of the King of Munster, who took part
with him, and suffered carnage in that battle of
Gabhra, wherein Oisin's son Oscar and the King
Cairbre fell by each other's hands. Fionn, who was
absent,. arrived only in time to• close his grandson's
eyes, and after this defeat peace had no sweets for
him and war no triumphs. Fionn died at last, it is
said, by the lance of an assassin. It •is noticeable,
however, that the Fenians were not confined to Erin.
[n the ancient poem on the battle of Gabhra we read
of " the bands of the Finns of Alban" (Alban being

the old name of Scotland north of theFrith of Forth
and Clyde), " and the Supreme King of Breatan
(Breatan being southern Scotland, of which Dun-
breaton, now Dunbarton, was the chief seat), be-
longing to the Order of the Foinne of Alban ;" and
also that " the Fians of Lochlan were powerful."
Now, Lochlan was an ancient name for Germany
north of the Rhine ; but when the. Norwegians and
Danish pirates appeared in the ninth century,
they were called Lochlanaels, and the name of
Lochlan was transferred to Norway and Denmark.
It has been argued from this that the Fenians were
not a militia of Gaels, but that they were a distinct
Celtic race, connected with the only two races who
are spoken of as having come in oldest time from
Lochlan, namely, the Tuatha do Danann and the
Cruithne. These are thought to have been some of
the Celts who preceded the Germanic people now
occupying the North German shore and Scandinavia.
Morley's Writers before - Chaucer.

he Total Loss of the Fusilier—Shocking
Mortality.

_...ga-

,The following official communication has been
received at the Board of Trade from his Excellency
the Lieutenant-Governor of Natal on the shocking
mortality on board the British ship Fusilier (one of
the Liverpool Black Ball line of packets), and her
subsequent total loss on the Bluff Rocks :
The ship Fusilier, 1,088 tons register, commanded by
Capt. Carvosso, left Calcutta on the 15th March, 1865, with
coolies, for Demerara. She had 491 souls on board. The
surgeon superintendent reports that cholera broke out among
the coolies at starting, and 15 deaths occurred within the
first fortnight, after which the disease disappeared. Fever
also appeared at starting of a mild intermittent type. This,
after about a fortnight assumed the bilious remittent type.
About the fifth week the disease had become more severe.
It kept gradually increasing until shortly before arriving
at this port there were over 90 cases under daily treatment,
chiefly fever. The deaths appear to have increased from
one during the second week from fever to 31 during
the t..nth week from all causes. When in the latitude of
Natal the captain decided to stand in for this port. At that
time he had lost 130 coolies, and had over 100 sick. He
himself, his chief officer, and two of the crew were also laid
up. Finding the medicines and medical comforts short the
doctor advised the captain to come to this port for supplies.
The Fusilier came to anchor in the outer roadstead of Port
Natal on May 23. On the 25th she parted her cable. The
effort to bring up with the second anchor and to put to sea
failed, and she became a total wreck on the rocks of this

bluff.
It appears from the evidence generally that the ship was
brought up in a seamanlike manner, anchored in a proper
berth, well out in 11 fathoms water, with 90 fathoms of
the port chain out, which is considered a good scope of
chain. The second or starboard anchor was clear, the
cable on deck and ready to let go, the topgallant and royal
yards were sent down, and the ship made snug The
circumstances attendant on the wreck appear briefly to
have been these :—The port chain parted about half-past
six on the evening of the 25th of May. It was dark at the
time. The starboard anchor was let go, but, after six
or eight fathoms of chain had run out, the bight of the
chain flew over the normal' (this is an iron bar that goes
through the windlass to keep the chain clear when run
ring out), . which jammed the chain. The captain
immediately saw that it would take too 1 ong to clear it,
set sail more round, and endeavoured to clear the bluff.
The ship then headed two points clear of the bluff, which
was visible ; but when abreast of the bluff the water
shoaled, and the anchor took the &amid. This
brought the ship's head to thewind. Moro chain ran out,
for by this time the chain was clear. After the anchor
took the ground they began to clew up sails. However,
the ship dragged inshore, and in a few minutes was on
the rocks broadside on, with her head to the north, rolling
and striking heavily. The masts were cut away, which
eased her considerably ; but it was soon found that she
had bilged, that the lower hold was full of water, and the
leeside between decks. The coolies were got on deck,
were placed on the weather side and on the poop, covered
with sails. Iu the morning at first daylight aid was
given from the shore, and the coolies were rescued by
the ship's boats, boats sent from the shipping in the har-
bour, a shore boat in charge of one of the pilots, and the
port steam-tug, which brought in the greater number,
together with the crow. They were placed in the
lazaretto on the bluff side of the harbour, and
quarantine regulations established. With two excep-
tions, the utmost readiness and promptitude were shown in
rendering assistance, and the exertions of all concerned in
this work were worthy of much praise. The crew were
throughout attentive and obedient. There were three on
the sick list, but they worked as well as they were able.
With regard to the causes of the wreck of the Fusilier, the
Court were of opinion that the loss was accidental, not wil-
ful. That it was not caused by stress of weather. That
the loss of the vessel was owing to thennfortunate accident
of the fouling of the starboard chain on the windlass,
thereby preventing the bringing up of the vessel with the
second anchor, and rendering unsuccessful the attempt to
put to sea. That the loss did not result from neglect of
the usual precautions in anchorage off this port. That the
master and mates of the ship Fusilier have not been guilty
of misconduct, and that the loss of the ship has not been
caused by their wrongful act or default.

TESTIMONIAL TO SIR R. G. COLQUIIOUN, K.C.B.
—The Scotsman states that at a meeting of the
British residents at Alexandria, Egypt, it was resolved
that an address and a pieee'of plate should be presented to
Sir Robert Gihnour Colquhouu, K.C.8., as a token of re-
spect and esteem towards ons who has for a period of
years actel as her 11.0,i,estys agent aadconsul-generaa in
Egypt, and who, aft-it-z serving 11-:a country :.broad fctrat,
wards of 1,0 years, has received the well-merited honour el
being nominated by her Majesty a 4night
tie 4Q4 ,104,0 u Oidix of tLo Dth•

AMERICA.

ARRIVAL .011 THE CITY Or WASHINGTON.

The Inman steamer City of Washington, from
New York on the 9th inst., arrived at Queenstown
to-day (Sept. 19), with 203 passengers and 216,600
dols. in specie...

She landed 31 passengers and 10 sacks of mails,
and proceeded for Liverpool at 1.20 p.m.

LONDON GAZET EE—Last Evening.

-.0-- - -

FOREIGN-OFFICE, SEPT. 4.

The Queen tins been graciously pleased to appoint the
Hon.-Thomas Gore GrosvVuor, now Attache to her Ma-
jesty's Legation' at-Wviltington, to be a Third Seervtary
in her Afajesty's Diplomatic 6ervice.

• WHITEHALL, SEPT. 18.
The Queen has been pleased to grant unto the Rev.
Robert Payne Smith, M.A., the office and place of Regius
Professor of Divinity in the University of Oxford, toge-
ther with the place and dignity of a Canon of the Cathe-
dral Church of Christ, in the said University, properly be-
longing to the Regius Professor of Divinity in the said
University, void by the promotion of Dr. Wm. Jacobson to
the see of Chester.

WAR-OFFICE, PALL-MALL, SEPT. 19.
32d Regiment of Foot—Major-General William. George
Gold to be Colonel, vice General the Right Hon. Sir
George Brown, G.C.8., deceased.
42d Regiment of Foot— General Sir James Frederick Love,
G.C.8., from the 57th Foot, to be Colonel,-vice General
Sir James Pergussou, G.C.8., deceased.
57th Regiment of Foot—General Charles Richard Fox to
be Colonel, vice General Sir James Frederick Love,
G.C.8., transferred to the 4jd Feot.
Rile Brigade—Field-Marshal the Right Honourable Sir
Edward Blakeney, G.C.8., to be C016.11,01-hi-Chief, vice
General the Right Honourable • Sir, George Brown,
G.C.13, deceased. ,
BREVET.—Captaill Edmund henry Lotion, G7th Foot, to
be Major. ; • - • , . • .
COMMISSARIAT DEPART MENT.—.I ,lelltenaut Francis Wil-
liam Braithwaite Gattey, from 9th Foot, .Acting Deputy-
Lientenant George Morris Street
A.ssistaut Cominissary-General, to be Deputy-As
Deputy-A.ssistani CommissaiT_
•
be lleput~ -Assistant ComMissary;-Geueral.•
fCciinjtiflt,sh" at rinot, Actin