The Sun.
London, England, 1865-01-09 00:00:00

The Loss of the Jura.

The.inquiry was resumed and concluded on Sa-
turday, before Mr. T. S. Raffles, legal assessor, and
Captains Baker and Harris, nautical assessors.
Mr Henry Bremner, solicitor, addressed the court
on behalf of the pilot, Mr. Win. Parry. He said
that although the court did not possess any direct
jurisdiction over the pilot, yet the decision of the
pilotage committee would be materially affected by
the report the court might think it right to make.
On behalf of the pilot he adopted the full responsi-
bility of being in charge of the vessel from the time
she passed the Calf of Man ; and he would not in
any way attempt to throw blame upon the captain.
Still he would not pretend to say that the fact of

- -
,he pilot being in charge would exonerate the cap•

taro, if he saw the pilot doing anything wrong
and neglected to interfere. After reviewing the
evidence given before the court, he submitted
that no neglect of duty, bad seamanship, or care-
lessness on the part of the pilot had been shown,

and that the accident had resulted from an error of

judgment, aggravated by the circumstance that the
ship was at the time going slowly, and therefore did
not answer her helm so rapidly as if her speed had
been greater. He showed that during a long life
Mr. Parry's conduct hid been uniformly commend-
able, and urged that such a man should not be
harshly dealt with for an error of judgment. In
conclusion, he laid before the court a large number
of testimonials from captains of steam and sailing
ships, including one from Admiral Dacres, the ad-
miral of the Channel Fleet (which fleet Mr. Parry
piloted out of the River Mersey), testifying to the
care and skill which his client had exhibited as a
pilot during many years, often under difficult cir-
cumstances.
Mr. Squarey declined to address the court in
reply.
After an adjournment for three hours the court
re-assembled, and the assessors delivered the fol-
lowing judgment :—" In this case, the Jura having
been in charge of a duly licensed pilot, and the
master having been at his post, and having had all
hands on deck and every man at his station, he
must be relieved from all responsibility for the loss
of leis ship. The court has, therefore, great satis-
faction in restoring his certificate. The court has no
jmisdiction over the pilot ; but it may be satisfac-
tory to him to know that, after mature considera-
tion, the court has arrived at the conclusion thatthee
the
loss of the ship resulted, upon the whole,
r
ae
from an error of judgment thanfromwillnfeuiglliy-
gence. The grounds of this conclusion
appear in the report which will be made immediately
to the Board of Trade."
acipvioslbsatnYdofl ak
Barbourng
to the 3.fierstsern
the channel.
as no mark until the Rock
a representation Squarey
ards ut
og gt
hes: el:1g the,
Board in reg
The pilot said there w

Light. that after passing the Crosby
no light on the east side of the
lightshipc h irn.
eIS.
tnhaerie.
ey aai
sd
mr. Rages said the Dock Board would no doubt
take this into consideration if a report was made to
them.
It was afterwards stated that it was no unfrequent
thing for ships to get on the sand at the point where
the Jura was wrecked, and
Captain Baker said there ought to a floating
light there.

On Saturday Dr. Frankland concluded his short
course of lectures "On the Chemistry of Coal." Hay-
ing in the preceding lectures considered the origin
and elementary constituents of coal, how coal was
put together by nature, and how it is taken asunder
for the production of heat and light, the concluding
lecture was devoted to the explanation of the manner
in which the products of combustion are converted
into valuable materials for brilliant illumination and
for dyeing. In the first place, however, Dr. Frank.
land exhibited the action of Lerroir's gas engine, the
principle of which he explained in a previous lecture.
The gas that supplies the institution Aas conveyed
to the engine by an elastic tube, and after the fly-
wheel had been started, the engine, which was equal
to 1 horse-power, continued working with greater or
less speed, according to the quantity of gas supplied.
The engine is entirely self-acting, for the mechanism
openr the valves to admit the gas and air into the
cylinder, and makes connection with the electrical
apparatus that explodes the mixture. Having
shown this novel practical application of the explo-
sive force of coal gas, Dr. Frankland proceeded
to explain the manner in which paraffin oil and
paraffin candles are extracted from coal tar, and the
beautiful colours called magenta and mauve are pro-
duced from that disagreeable-looking and offensively
odorous substance. The accumulation of the tar in
gasworks was formerly a great nuisance, as there
was no known available mode of making use of it,
but it is now considered so valuable that coal is often
distilled at a low heat for the purpose of producing
it, the gas being thrown away. From coal tar che-

mists have separated no fewer than 50 compounds,
of which 3 have been rendered principally useful for
dyeing, viz., benzole, phenylic alcohol, and analine.
For the production of colours benzole must be con-
verted into analine, which change is effected by heating

it first with nitric acid, and then with acetic acid and
scraps of iron. The colour mauve is produced by
heating analine with bichromate of potass and sulphu-
ric acid ; and magenta is obtained by heating analine
with arsenic acid ; blue and violet are produced by
heating magenta with analine.l Dr. Frankland pro-
duced a trayful of glasses, in which were placed
small invisible particles of differently prepared sub-
stances from coal tar, and on pouring into the dif-
ferent glasses phenylic alcohol they were filled with
fluids of various colours, all poured from the same
bottle. The following was given as a brief statistical
statement of the quantity of dye obtainable from
coal—Thirty hundredweights of coal yield 3601 b. of
tar, which furnish 181 b. of naphtha, containing 61b.
of benzole, and the latter yields 51b. of analine,
which produce lib. of magenta. One pound of ma-
genta will dye 6501 b. of silk, or 9001 b. of wool, the
latter quantity being the average produce of 160
sheep. Dr. Frankland showed the process of dyeing
cotton, silk, and wool different colour* and he ex-
hibited several other experiments to illustrate the
remarkable properties of the substances extracted
from what had, until recently, been considered
waste products in the manufacture of gas. At the
conclusion of the lecture he was loudly applauded.
The attendance during every lecture of the course
was more numerous than usual, and, though the
lectures were professedly addressed to a juvenile
audience, the majority of those present were well
advanced in life.

EXTRAORDINARY AFFAlR.—Captain Thomas S.
Bunker, of the 88th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, last
September, through the Rev. J. W. Bushing, who, by the
way, received pay for the part he took in the transaction,
managed to have his son, who had died' in the service, cre-
dited on the quota of Darke county, as a substitute for a.
drafted man, named Calvin Moore. It appears that ther
son, Charles Bunker, had entered the service as a substi-
tute early;in the war, and by good conduct had been
i,
pro-
moted to the rank of second lieutenant, which position
_.ste,
held until his death, which took place last July. Ili
father then, only two months late; through the
tod dead
pay AWeinnati Gazelle.
osofnthaesrea,gsimmbezttutotew, hreiccheihvio:lbgetlhoneged, re-endnlisloool his
bounty,
part of which he gave his aecompliee.—
will of Count do
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
t tenorP
of the will, being his
executrix,
tVeignstate:rthaofvFinragndiceed
according to
he
so Laehand, wife of M. Chas.
esteemed friend Madame Loui. . h
with directions to carry out his
e'lis left his lands, capital,and all
hpaossoejsusestd—beofeTin
rileoup•oosrt,oyd
in
ELnhognlclaonn,d,
the
ans, w om e has ap-
toulbeP
id personal estate.
poAwilisiesnoixitstaeaesndlieirToifLovmhiasnal
enllad,eGdgyirara eteisiuoi ddi ni.
sg:
His literary property and
his real and
works will revert,. and are bequeathed, from father to son ;
divided between her sea
(lithe testator's godson) and her daughter. The will of ,the
Hon.
.theiiThomasi Hants,ni go an obtiotn. Erskine,
la
Tt late
Court e o
repthrlieo
cvUtednianitend the eldest son, Mr. Henry Trail Erskine. The
personaltyintSusses,e
the
warsi
in
testator, has bequeathed to his wife the whole of his per-
Eitgehrstlen;fPLittle.underC.executors formerly2 Gs,reeoapooponi.of Fir Grove,
sonal estate. He was formerly chief judge of the Court
of Review, and was afterwards transferred to the Court

of Common Pleas, which he resigned in 1845, and died, in
November last, at the- age of seventy-six. The will of
Thomas Rammell, of Sturry-court, near Canterbury,
was proved in London under 25,0001. personalty, the
executors being the relict, George Rammell, the son, and
Robert Lake, the brother-in-law. The testator has left to
his wife his real estate, lands, farms, and personal estate,
which at her decease is to be divided amongst their chil-
dren as she by will may appoint. The late Mrs. Hodgson,
wife of the Rev. T. D. Hodgson, M.A., of East Woodhay,
Hants, has bequeathed legacies of 5001. to the Societies for
Promoting Christian Knowledge, and the Propagation of
the Gospel in Foreign Parts. The late Mr. Ambrose Lan-
fear, of Hungerford, Berks, has bequeathed to the Religious
Tract Society, the London City Missions, the British and
Foreign Bible Society, and the London Missionary Society,
501. each ; and to the Sunday School Society, Dublin, and
the Ragged School Union, 251. each.—lllustrated Londe"
News.

LIFEBO /VT SERVICES. During the storms
of the p. sA I year 1864 the boats of the National Lifeboat
Institution ha xie saved 432 persons from different wrecks on
our coasts, ' the, Institution also expended £19,531 14s. sd.
in the same p ex/wd on lifeboat establishments, in addition to
granting £1,5 a as rewards for saving 693 shipwrecked per-
ms by its ll' iebouts, and other means.
The Corm nittee of the Institution earnest'y A ?PEAL to
the public for ASSISTANCE to enable them to meet the
continued he.avy demands on the Institution's 110 lifeboat
establish!' owits.
Contri.bu'tions are received by Messrs Willis and Co.,
Mendes wad Co., Coutts and Co., Lnd by all the Landon and
country bankers ; and by the Secretary, Richard Lewis, E8C1.9
at the Institution, 14, John-street, Adelphi.

ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT-
GARDEN.
(Opera Company. Limited.)
711 1 r,s• EVENING THE BRIDE OF SONG. Renee,
Miss ,wail ; Bealrix, Madame Fanny Huddart ; Adel-
bert, Mr. henry Haigh ; and Hannib i, Mr. A. Laurence.
Conductor, Mr Alfred Mellon.
To conclude with the Grand Comic Christmas Pantomime,
entitled CINDERELLA • or, Harlequin and the Magic
l'umPkin, and the Great Fairy of the Little Glass Slipper,
in which the celebrated Donato will appear.
Commenze at Seven.
A MORNING rEEFORDIANCE of CINDERELLA next
MONDAY, Jan. 16, at Two o'cice..k, and every Mondayatill
urther notice.

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.
TILLS EV.ENING, the new Operetta, in one act, en-
titled F'UNCHINELLO.
Followed by the new Grand Christmas Pan!bmime,:THE
I.ION AND THE UNICORN FIGHTING FOR THE
CROWN.

TUE ATR E-R OYA L, DRURY-LANE,
Managers. Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton.
THIS EVENING, and during the week, A YOUNG
I,AD FROM THE COUNTRY.
Atter which, the Grand Christmas Pantomime, HOP O'MY
THUMB AND HIS ELEVEN BROTHERS; or, Harlequin.
and the Ogre of the Seven-League Boots : Messrs. G. Eel-
more, Tom Matthews, G. Weston, Master Perey.Roselle, &c.
plisses Lydia Thompson. R. Lcclercq, etc. ; Messrs. Boleno,
c. Laud, W. A. Barnes, T. Morris, Cormack, Saville ; Mdme.
Doleno, the Misses Gunnies, and Signor Tescano.

THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
j. Lessee, Mr. Buckstone,
THIS EVENING, Jan. 9, DAVID GARRICK. Messrs.
Chippendale, Sothern, Buckstone, Rogers, Clark, Coe, Wea-
thersby, &e. ; Mesdames Moore, Snowdon, Fitzwilliam, &c.
After which, LORD DUNDREARY MARRIED AND
DONE FOR Messrs. Sothern, Buckstone, Braid, Gordon,
(lark, White, Coe, Weathersby, &c. ; Mesdames Snowdon,
Bill, ,Sze
With PRINCESS SPRINGTIME. Mr. Compton, Miss L.
Keeley.
And MRS. WHITE.