The Sun.
London, England, 1862-08-06 00:00:00

BANK RETURNS.

The Bankers' Magazine furnishes the returns of the dr.
culation of the Private and Joint-Stock Banks in England
and Wales for the four weeks ending June 28. These
returns, combined with the circulation of the Scotch and
Irish Banks for the same period, and the average circula-
tion of the Bank of England for the four weeks ending the
25th June (the nearest date furnished by their returns),
will give the following results of the circulation of notes in
the United Kingdom, when compared with the previous
month :

May 31,
I 1862.
20,854,90
3,282,20
2,966,608
27 -
4,1604,741:4
5,740,894
37.454 Ka,

1862. Increase' Decrease.

Bank of England
Private Banks
Joint-stock Banks

20,650,932
3,111,023,
2,842,686

;i -

203,973
141,183
123,922

Total in England
Scotland
Ireland

26,634,641'
4,261,104
5,396,953'

469,078
348,850
343,941

United Kingdom.

And, as compared with the ending the 29th month .:ri i
1861, the above returns show
an incease of X 1,4 m
'unire
in the circulation of notes in England, and an tne--
of
£1,042,133 in the ciretuation of the United K
On comparing the above with the fixed
ral banks the following is the state a the CirZalaed
The English private banks are below their": .. £1,206,885
issue ................................. .......
imuinesgdotinithone:seve.
The English joint-stock banks are 1,....... £459,671
.....
fixed issue

Total below fixed issue in England.... £1,666,556
The Scotch banks
above their fixed issue £1,511,833
The Irish banks are below their fixed issue £957,541
ljanundeit,civabsotrs:l:rtni24,47enB, tteing
during the month ending the 25th
a decrease of £1,252,684 es
The averag took of bullion held by the Bank of Eng-
land
when,compareci with the same period last year.
compared with the previous month, and an increase of
£3,176,
The following are the amounts of specie held by the Scotch
and Irish banks during the month ending the 28th June—
Gold and silver held by the Scotch banks £2,649,772
Gold and silver held by the Irish bank 5....... : 2,138,387
--------

£4,788,159
Being a decrease of £44,331 as compared With the
previous return, and an increase of £57,197 when
compared
with the corresponding period of last year

LIVERPOOL COTTON MARICET, Aug. s.—The
cotton maaket has been rather dull to-day, and the sales da
not exceed 5,000 bales-3,500 on speculation and for export.
Prices are without change.
TIIE GLASGOW MURDER. --When the clothing
belonging to the murdered woman was recovered at the
Bridge-street railway station, the articles were inclosed in a
tin box. Since then the police have been endeavouring to
discover whether or not the box had been purchased in
Glasgow. On F
along Argyle-street, they observed
gshop of Mr. James Fullerton, iron-,
Friday last, while Sub-inspectors Smith and
dtwi lerewb onpfxa,gtshie resemblingn
imnotnhgeerw, Thomsonilai
clothing. They
found
thatentered
it the
containedshop,
aa and afteri va to
to one upon the box vb.'
ntly discovered that the box had been Pm"
examiningn
tar i
rwas,
containedsiur
aitslthea
rhgeeu e
was recovered.
chased in Mr. Fullerton's shop
the day on which the
murder p on Saturday the
sththajtilide
,was committed,
purchaser was the prisoner .1\ and
den iden-
tified by the sho Li Lachlan, who has
Man. After purchasing the box she put
a parcel into it, and, requested that it • should be kept for till
she :called a •
gam. The box was accordingly left in the
shop,
and •
11 she returned and
I two or three days afterwards
carried it offt—Oksgoui 4[0'44 -

~..„,
, 4 ~au,• h.,
~ ,
._._
:::-_r, -,.- . - a. •:: - •:' --- -" , y ',,,Timi
_ •
~,,- , ~r,- , , 47,1F-t...:;...„--,,,_ 64,fr, „,, 1
.
_ , „0
--.....-
-- ,-•- "•,,, . j•NI 0 ' ,
....
, ;,:u....,*, b/ Eu• ~ ,T, eSS )ne,l i
.-.
'- 1, - -4,, ----"-- ,*-t.'•'-.)."- -••••••:,--...„
...4hit\..........._..._1.

THE SUN.

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 6, 1862,

Everything still—in Central Italy, in Northern
Italy, in Southern Italy—aprears to be in active
preparation. GARIBALDI'S Proclamation from Pa-
lermo, calling the youth of Italy to arms, and giving
them as a battle cry, " Rome or Death"—has not
only, as we know, been promptly answered by the
KING'S counter Proclamation from Turin, declaring
any and every such summons to arms to be trea-
sonous and insurrectionary—but this royal counter-
proclamation we now learn has been formally
placed in the hands of GARIBALDI by a deputation
from Gen. CUGEA, headed by the Duke DELAYER-
DURA ! Receiving this deputation in the midst of
his personal friends and attendants, General GARI-
BALDI is said to have at once " repelled their en•
treaties." He is described, indeed, to have evi-
denced so deep and profound a disrelish for anything
at all in the way of mere temporising, that he refused
to, receive from the hands of these same messengers a
'Setter written to him by his intimate friend General
MEDICI. The Royal Proclamation has, therefore,
manifestly failed in altering the hero's plans and
determinations. In truth, GARIBALDI had already
too far committed himself to allow of his turning
back without an appearance of humiliation. He had
drawn the sword. He has now apparently flung away
the scabbard. According to the latest advices from
Sicily, GARIBALDI—after this interview of his with
the beareraof thelioG'S Proclamation—still remains
in the interior of the island mustering his forces.
A Civil War
may there consequently be fairly con-
sidered to ,
have begun. We have no alternative
in arriving at this
conclusion. After GARIBALDI'S
written and spoken ,
da—calling the volunteers
to arminscribing
on his banners, "Rome
or Death! " After the XING'S Proclamation,
every suchcall t
pronouncingo arms traitorous
to the interests of his Crowe
°I
as SOVEREIGN !
After GARIBALDI'S rejection
R Em that rather sharp
remonstrance from VlCTOmsiltrtm
After
all this—it is surely not too much to 8, sett that
the standard of Civil as actually, „t this
as it
War is
moment, unfurled among the Italians
among is
the Americans.

RATAZZI, we observe, in the Chambers at Turin,
has the indecency and the ingratitude to depre-
ciate the services rendered to Italy by GARIBALDI .
Affecting to acknowledge all the claims of GARI-
BALDI to the public gratitude—the Prim© Minister,
nevertheless, had the flagrant hardihood to deny that
the liberation of Naples and Sicily was due to him,
that is to GARIBALDI alone ! GARIBALDI only con-
quered there, said RATAZZI, because he bore aloft
the standard of Italian Unity, and spoke in the name
of VICTOR EMMBNU'EL ! Was anything ever more
monstrous than this, or more heinously ungrateful?
Yet—italicising but one little pronoun—we would
even echo as the simple truth (with a different
emphasis, however, from that of RATAzzI) these
otherwise
,painful and cruelly ungrateful words of
the Italian Prime Minister. Yes—we repeat the
Minist"'B Own words, with this trifling difference
of emPhasie--GARIBALDI only conquered there, in
the South, in
Slelly, and in Naples, " be-
cauke he uore aloft the standard of Italian Unity,
and spoke in the name of VIcTOR EMMANUEL!"
GARIBALDI
GARIBALDI, and_
alone, could have ac-
complished it. As well a
nl.eut NAPOLEON have
performed in XBl5 his miracle
sending th:l the :atfultnrnoffrhomis
Elbe by. depr ty, by
cid auras over fro/33 eorta rayr4lo to
'4u4oNI

under the command of some favourite aide-de-camp,
as GARIBALDI'S wondrous achievements in Southern
Italy, in conquering the Kingdom of the Two
Sicilies, and then handing it over to King VICTOR
EMMANUEL, could have been accomplished by any
other than GARIBALDI! It is to the shame of
RAYAZZI, as Prime Minister of the KING, that he
could utter, as he actually did utter on the 3d
inst., in tl,e Chamber of Deputies at Turin,
these very words " General GARIBALDI
has not given the Kingdom of Italy to the House
of Savoy ; he does not represent Italy ; he has only
powerfully contributed towards its formation, and
he has done so by his programme "Italy and
VICTOR EMMANUEL." Was not the Minister
ashamed to utter that old dynastic phrase now no-
thing more than a discreditable misnomer—" the
House of Savoy ?" Did he not blush to depreciate
thus the name,. and the glory, and the services of
GARIBALDI ? Talk—as the Ministers of Italy
have done more than once of late—talk
thus ungratefully of GARIBALDI !! and gratefully
of NAPOLEON !! ! Why—if the " King. of ITALY"
and his Ministers will thus flagrantly pervert the
truth let us have the truth fairly " out" in this
matter. King VICTOR EMMANUEL owes one half
of his kingdom (the Northern half) to the assas-
sin-hand of ORsim ! And the other half (the
Southern half) he owes to the matchless heroism
of GARIBALDI! This is a simple truth that we are
enunciating. The signal for the war of indepen-
dendence in Italy was fired by the hand of ORSINI
in the Rue Lepelletier ! Let there be no more
of this babble about Italy's gratitude to
NAPOLEON 111. The French EMPEROR has been
paid for what he has done. That disinterested and
magnanimous potentate, not satisfied with winning
military glory in the field as Generalissimo in the
campaign of Magenta and Solferino, must needs
receive, after all was apparently accomplished in
the matter, a substantial quid pro quo in the shape
of Savoy and Nice, with so many hundreds of
thousands of certain human live-stock called
Nizzards and Savoyards! Whereas in the instance
of GARIBALDI it has been quite otherwise. He
handed men to the King—the whole of the King-
dom of the Two Sicilies. For the which he is now
denied even the recompense of a bare ac-
knowledgment. "Alone at Corioli, like an
eagle in a dovecot," he had "flattered" those
Volscians, the royal army of the Bourbon
Sovereign of the Two Sicilies—and now, forsooth
(to the cry of " Gratitude to our august ally the
Emperor NAPOLEON !"), GARIBALDI is ungratefully
declared by the Italian Premier never to have done
of himself what he himself and no other could by
possibility have ever accomplished !
Wider and wider apparently at least
looking at the mere surface of events, wider
snd wider grows the division that has sud-
denly yawned between GARIBALDI and the
Government. GARIBALDI being still the fore-
most man of all those 25,000,000 Italians! The
Government at Turin having still at its head, in the
person of BATAZZI, the Prime Minister—how
shall we describe him ? Well, we will write
of him in so many words—as not so much the
patriotic adviser of the King of ITALY as the
creature of the Emperor of FRANCE! No wonder
with men like RATAzzi at the head of affairs, that
GARIBALDI should at length, in very disgust have
boldly broken away. Yet must all the well-
wishers of the popular cause in Italy grieve at heart
over the fatality of a conjuncture which has
driven thus asunder from each other the Hero
of Italy and the Italian Government. If
only—this is the last shadow of a hope to
which they are driven—if only it might even now,
at this apparently alarming and disastrous crisis
in the Italian movement—if only it could all
be proved to be some deep-laid scheme, or plot, or
ruse in which Hero, King, and Minister might turn
out to have been secretly all this while in collusion!
That is the last faint glimmering hope to which the
"Friends of Italy" cling—as straws are clutched
at in a shipwreck—now that GARIBALDI and the
Government are to all appearance drifting further
and fatally apart !

lEven the most deliberate murders have different
degrees of guilt. Probably the revolting one at
Fordingbridge, that of Mr. BRADDELL in the room
of a public hotel, in the presence of two other per-
sons, and the one at Brighton by the soldier on
guard, were each of them as deliberate as any com-
mitted by violence could be. The most disgusting
of the three might indeed be the least so, for the
most probable supposition has always appeared to
us to be, the very commonplace one, of a mind be-
wildered with fear of a criminal assault being
brought home to him if the witness lived. The
horrible brutality of the Fordingbridge murder,
however, compels us to assign to it the highest
degree of guilt. No " extenuating circum-
stances" could have been thought of even by
a French jury —no "recommendation to
mercy" by an English jury, for a ruffian who un-
provoked, prompted only by worse than brutal
passion, commenced his attaLks on the honour and
life of b, perfectly innocent girl.
The Irish agrarian murders, of which that of Mr.
BRADDELL was one, are one degree less guilty.
There is the mitigation, such as it is, of a large class
of a man's peers sympathising with the crime. Of
course we denounce this very sympathy as a
savageism not to be tolerated in civilised life, and
itself, when it shows itself in shielding and pro-
tecting the murderer, deserving a punishment
only second to death. Still we are all
liable to the influence of the sentiments
of those who form our circle. The late Lord
CAMPBELL, when Attorney - General, defending
Lord CARDIGAN for shooting Captain TUCKETT,
appealed to the sympathy of noble lords with the
noble duellist, because they might any of them be
in the position of a man committing what none now
deny to be murder. Sympathy with duel-murder-
ing shielded Lord CARDIGAN, and the Attorney-
General " failed to identify his man!" Happily
that murderous sympathy with duellists is now
held to be criminal by the class which once cherished
is almost in all respects parallel with the
who
erns
Order
of Irishmen with their fellows
hardsh re,re.lfor agrarian wrongs. A wrong or
i
wronged tnamaginary, is brooded over till the
4
raven e as honors
trevenge. He thinks such
ever thought to be g,,ots
tod him as a challenge was
their list, and horridly bad as
mallowreally
f and the ugraria t oil the minds both
4tdhearn
in
murderer.
When
we come to the military mur
Brighton, the guilt seems to us clearly less
any of the other cases.
The jury, indeed, made no
recommendation to mercy,
and the lab'
"age
fearfully
of
that excellent judge, Baron MARTIN, was
explicit;--" He 'felt it right to say that he could
not hold out to him the slightest hope that mercy
would be extended to him, and he should be leading
him astray
if he were to do so. When one man
shot another in
the manner he did, if ever the
punishment of death was to be inflicted, it appeared
to him it was impossible to ovoid it in such a case,
and he therefore exhorted himself to prepare to
undergo the great change
that inevitably awaited
him."

We du 4ot
_tad f6ult VitA the Dgou'll mauls ;