The Sun.
London, England, 1863-07-07 00:00:00

CATHOLICISM IN AMERICA.

(From the lass letter of mAy,zocrTAx.)
The e atho
ii;: 5 of this city, under the s-uidance of
Archbishop Hughes, are constantly proposall, ". and
increasing not only in churches but in congregations.
No church occupied or owned by another denomi-
nation but is carefully watched, and the moment it
is offered for sale is eagerly bought by the Catho-
lics. I know of 20 churches so bought and conse-
crated to the Catholic worship within a few years.
The last happened last week, when the old school
Presbyterian Church, corner of Henry and Rutgers-
streets, was bought and occupied by the Catholics,
under the name of St. Teresa. The old archbishop
dedicated the new church and preached the sermon.
As his political views are those of a million of Ca-
tholics they are important. He said:---'` A legiti-
mate prayer now would be to stop the effusion of
blood ; to pray for mercy for both sides of the
line, and God, in His bountiful providence,
might bring this unhappy state of affairs
to a glorious conclusion. To pray for peace
at this moment would be impossible and ridi-
culous, since there was only one party to make
peace. It took but one party to make war, but it
took two to make peace, and as there was but one
party to make peace, he saw no prospect of it at
present. Unconscious of it as we were, we were
drifting like the tide to the eternal ocean." The
archbishop is the shrewdest head of a Church on
this continent. If he were to live 50 years more
there would be but one Church in this country,
and that would be Catholic. He is a far-seeing
man is Archbishop Hughes, who ought to have
been made a cardinal long ago ; and if the Pope
of Rome expects to go to heaven when he dies,
he ought to send a cardinal's red hat to the
venerable head on this continent that has done
more to spread the Catholic religion among our
millions than 10,000 of the cardinals of the
European school ever could or would do. A great
man and a mighty priest is Archbishop Hughes.
History will class him with Richelieu and Wolsey,
only our man is greater than either, because more
humble. He and his Church started poor in this
city, when it had but 100,000. He has financiered
it into vast wealth, in a city of 1,200,000. Trinity, or
the Church of England, had 30 millions of dollars of
property, and four magnificent chapels. It has not
increased. Its rectors are fat and lazy, take the pick
of the markets every day, and have choice wine
cellars. Though seats are free in the great church
and its chapels, nobody goes. The property
is increasing. It is now possessed of 100
millions. In less than 30 years the executive,
legislative, and judicial state powers will be Roman
Catholic. They will confiscate this Episcopal
Church property ; it will be sold nominally by the
state, but really for the benefit of the Catholics,
and the New York correspondent of your journal,
30 years hence, will see Trinity Church and its
chapels—St. Paul's, St. John's, Trinity Chapel, and
St. George's, all in the hands of the Catholics. The
archbishop is now negociatirg for the purchase of
St. George's, through a secular person, nominally
for building lots, but really for the Catholic Church
of St. George, the Dragon Slayer.

A Fresh Order by General Monravieff.

WILNA, June 25.

General Mouravieff has issued the following
order to the Presidents of Wilna, Kcrwno, Groddo,
and Midsk, as to the collection of the 10 per cent.
tax imposed upon Polish landholders :
" Considering that my proposals to lay upon the
real estates of the nobility a temporary impost of
10 per cent., to 'be deducted from the income re-
ceivable by the holders' pwn estimate from arable
land in their possession, have been approved by
authority, I hereby instruct your Excellency, for
the better collection of this ground tax within your
government, to issue directions based upon the fol-
lowing principles
it

The tax is to be collected in every district
by the war-circle commissioners and subordinate
rural police.

" 2, A period of a week shall in every case be
appointed. If any landowner fail in paying hi,
estimated quotunt of the tax within that time, the
circle prefects shall be empowered. immediately and
without reserve, to sell all furniture, cattle, horses,
and grain to be found within the house and its
appurtenances.
" 3. The names of all landowners from whose
families any member shall have departed without
notifying the place of his destination are to be at
once reported to me, that I may take measures for
increasing their tax, because such persons are doubly
guilty in comparison with others.
"4. All funds collected in this manner are to be
paid in by the war-circle prefects to the provincial
treasury. In order to maintain a strict account of
these amounts, the treasuries, as well as the prefects,
are to keep special books, and to deliver receipts to
the payers in proof of their having paid the tax.
" 5. The governmental presidents are empowered
to call my attention to such landowners as may
have shown themselves devoted to the Government
and faithful to their oath of allegiance, that I may
grant these individuals such relief as I may con-
sider advisable.
"6. The war circle prefects are to furnish the
governmental president with a list of such estates
as may have been accidentally omitted from the
operation of the tax, that their owners may be im-
mediately made liable.
"Your Excellency will be pleased to watch that
the taxes generally be collected with all possible
speed in your Excellency's government, and that
the 10 per cent. addition to income tax imposed
upon landowners, in especial, be paid in with the
utmost despatch.
" General of Infantry, MOURAVIEFF II."

General Mouravieff's previous order against the
wearing of mourning by Polish women is being
carried out with merciless severity. Ladies thus
attired are constantly stopped in the streets by the
Russian soldiery, who assail them with whip-strokes
and blows from their fists.
These outrages brought about a gathering of the
people, who rushed upon the troops and rescued a
lady who had been taken prisoner. The soldiers
immediately charged the unarmed crowd with the
bayonet, killing forty persons.
The citadel of Wilna is crowded with prisoners,
each of whom, without distinction of age, sex, or
health, is allowed 21bs of bread and a pint of water
daily to support life.
Another account from Vilna says:
" The Russian police agents arrest all women
wearing mourning whom they find in the streets,
toss them into carriages, and convey them to the
police office, where they are threatened and bru-
tally insulted. The rich pay the fine, but about a
score of women of the humbler class, who had not
the means of paying, have been flogged. Some of
these poor creatures received 100 blows of the knout
—were punished in fact until they fainted.
" Numbers of women are shut up in the citadel
for offences of this nature. Many (among whom I
can specially mention Mdlle. Marie Lapasnik, be-
longing to a well-known family in the district of
Leda), have been found suffocated in their cells.
Several others have died in prison from the mortal
effects of terror, despair, or ill-treatment.
"During religious services the churches are en-
tered and surrounded by the police and the mili-
tary, who watch with jealous eyes for the slightest
sign of mourning dress among the women. Its
discovery is instantly followed by fresh acts of vio-
lence and not unfrequently desecration of the sacred
building."

VIENNA, July 3.

The semi-official Vienna Evening Post publishes
the following authentic dccument, bearing upon
the violations of the Austro-Polish frontier by
Russian troops :
"ORDER OF THE DAY TO THE TROOPS IN THE
KINGDOM OF POLAND.
WARSAW, May 12, 1863.

"At the very commencement of the disorders
which have broken out in the kingdom of Poland,
it was impressed upon the respective commanders
of any corps, by repeated warnings and orders,
that in engagements with and pursuit of the rebels
in the vicinity of a frontier line the utmost cau-
tion against violation of such frontier was to be ob-
served. Subaltern officers commanding detach-
ments were strictly forbidden to permit this
species of transgression upon any pretence what-

ever.
"Di spite of my clear and distinct instructions,
the Austrian Government has justly complained of
numerous cases of violations of the boundary sepa-
rating the kingdom of Poland from Gallicia.
" These cases are the following :
[Three instances arc then enumerated, and the
document proceeds,]
" All these cases were investigated upon by my
order by confidential persons upon the spot. The
statements of the offending persons, that
beetthy had
not observed the boundary line, cannot ken
into consideration. It appears evident, upon the
contrary, from the reports of the inspectors, that
the troops which violated the frontier must have
been clearly aware that they were upon foreign
territory.
0
"The chief blame attaches to the leaders wll.
have permitted these violations by their subordi-
nates. I therefore most emphatically repeat raj
positive order, that no offences of this charter e
committed in future, adding that every instance
will be punished with the utmost severity of. the law.
" Certain officers named are then reprimanded,
according to the degree of their culpabiity. 2
" The Commander-in-Chief, CONSTANTINE.

GFORGE L'

..,...—,_
T. of Greece,
of Xing George I.
Letter
____----*----,„ ; 1 text of a letter ad-
The* the official
G
is .
. ing Georg I. to the
following
dressed on the llthouflt byteG :
National Assembly
obedient to the dictates of my
by the personal tes-
" Gentlemen,
'message by which the
heart, I whaled troitiatoccoonintsp, atnhye
timony
conf pluaY sentiments,
accepts for me the crown which
King °I '''-',- n3,,tion calls me to wear. I shall pro.
the Hellenic 13-
v Cow country with transport in order to
pronecee to
t:1ou that, from the present moment, I know
- than to live and '
If;other duty die as a good Greek,
the happiness and independence of the nation ;
and I am convinced, gentlemen, that with your aid,
by the friendship of the Powers, and above all, by
the assistance of God, the interests of the country,
henceforth my own, will prosper to its advantage.
" I am happy and proud, gentlemen, to be able to
salute you by the voice of those good and noble
patriots who, named by your confidence, have come
here, far from their country, to salute me as your
King. 'they will tell you that they have found me
full of sympathy for my new country, and that 1
ardently desire to be able soon to find myself in the
midst of you. Accept me, gentlemen, with the same
confidence that actuates my heart for you, and teach
me to labour with you for the happiness of my fine
country, which may God protect.

This letter was conveyed to Athens by Admiral
Canaris, M. Zaimies, and M. Grivas, members of the
commission sent to Copenhagen to offer the crown
to the prince.—Ga/ignani.

TIT FOR TAT, OR A ROWLAND FOR AN OLIVER.
—" The Devil's Dead, minister," said two fellows
scoffingly to an old Scotch clergyman. "Aye, so I heard,"
replied the assailed, "and I'm was for se, PO
fatherless bairns."

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT

HOUSE OP COMMONS.---This Day.
The SPEAKER took the chair at a quarter past 12 o'clock.

FORTIFICATIONS.
Mr. MASSEY brought up the report of the commtttee
empowering the bringing in of this bill.
FISHERIES (IRELAND) BILL.
The house went into committee on this bill.
The consideration of the clauses occupied the remainder
of the sitting.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.---This Day,

BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

NEWMARKET RACES.—THIS DAY.
NATen.—Unvire beat Wingrave.

BETTING ON THE COURSE.
JULY STAKES.
11 to 10 on Scottish Chief (taken)

GOODWOOD STAKES.
9to 1 agst Bellman (taken)
14 to 1 agst Knutsford (taken)•
GOODWOOD CUP.
3to 1 agst Buckstone (offered)