The Sun.
London, England, 1839-08-30 00:00:00

THE SUNT,__LONDON, ttIDAV, AUertlsli 30, IMO

dlirig laws as this is, that it will be s2ti-"C to lead
superficial observers intci erttl.; and the growing
sobriety of the rettlVitinity will -be ascribed to the
foolish, til, in this case, unjust law, because it is
intended to put an end to drunkenness. It will re-
ceive undue credit, and the community will be en-
couraged to pass more such laws, and commit more
similar injustice. 'We doubt whether it will pre-
vent drunkenness in the smallest degree ; but we
are sure that the law itself—that the aversion of the
law-makers to drunkenness, which gives birth to
the law—is the consequence of an improvement in
the general morals of society ; but it will most un-
justly be described as the cause of improvement.
The committal of a sailor boy to prison for losing
his senses when he came ashore, is not the only injus-
tice, we find recorded in the annals of the police.
At the Thames Office, on Wednesday, some sailors
complained that they had embarked on board a ves-
sel trading to New Brunswick, one of those ships
which Sir J. R. REID seeks to keep afloat for the
merchants, by prohibiting them from stowing their
cargoes on deck ; but on finding her in a most leaky
condition, and finding that two crews had previously
left her, they refused to sail in her. The captain
was obliged, therefore, to bring the ship back into
port ; the people worked her up, and, after mooring
her, were dismissed, without wages, and with-
out the means of getting food. Because these
men used a good discretion, and would not go
to sea to be sacrificed, as so many hundred
other seamen have been on board the leaky old
vessels which are too often sent for timber, the
law holds that they have not completed their con-
tract, and the Magistrate told them he would order
no wages till they were earned.

To a contract, however, there are two parties,
and the captain or owner of the vessel was bound
to give them the means of performing their part of
the Largain ; in other words, was bound on hiring
them to provide them with a safe, sea-worthy ship.
The law, however, exonerates him from doing that,
according to Mr. BALLANTINE, and because the
seamen objected to be drowned, the law mulcts them
of their wages. The justice of the case would de-
mand that the owner of the vessel should maintain
them till his ship was made sea-worthy, or till
they procured another berth. But justice is not
law, and law is not justice, and the law says because
they acted like prudent, thoughtful, discreet,
men that they shall have no pay. The
law, under the pretence of improving the morals
of the drunken sailor, sent him to herd with
thieves ; and, under the pretext of enforcing
the rigid observance of contracts, it gives the wages
of the discreet crew to the captain or owner of the
vessel, who wanted to send them to sea in an
unseaworthy vessel. The case to which these
remarks apply will be found in another part of
The Sun.

An account of certain Church-rate transactions
which have lately taken place at Bungay, will be
found in another column. The Ecclesiastical per-
secutors in that corner of the vineyard are, it ap-
pears, pursuing their course with undiminished
zeal, although they have found it convenient to
select a different class of objects for the exer-
cise of their charitable vocation. The CHILDs
family have hitherto born the brunt of their
hostility ; but as they have been found rather
troublesome customers, persons supposed to be made
of more pliable stuff are now to be made ex-
amples of for the benefit of their " souls' health."
We are happy to see that the bigots have been de-
feated in their cowardly attempts, and we recommend
to all on whom Church-rates are imposed, to act as
the spirited parishioners of Bungay have done.
When the opponents of this atrocious impost are not
strong enough to prevent the laying of a rate, let
them resist it when laid by every means which the
law has put in their power. We believe if this were
done not one rate in twenty would stand the test of
legal examination.

The Paris jonrnals of Wednesday are almost
wholly occupied with political views suggested by
late and interesting news from the East, a summary
of which will be found in another part of The Sun.
What most excites the apprehensions of the French
Press is the rumoured refusal of AIEHENIET ALI
to submit to the decision of the Five Powers ; and
if this statement be indeed correct,, nothing will
remain but to cut with the gvord the Gordian
knot which diplomacy has failed to untie. We
trust, however, that no such course will be-
come necessary ; and that the Viceroy may
be yet made to see, before it is to late, the
precipice over which Russia is secretly
hurrying him. Nor are we unacquainted with the
difficulties which England, more especially, would
experience in the employment of force to settle
this question. Were such a catastrophe to take
place, the union of the Five Powers would turn out
to ,be mere moonshine. England, Austria, and
Prussia, would only act in concert, because these
powers more immediately feel the necessity of
maintaining the integrity of the Ottoman Em-
pire. France and Russia would act for them-
selves, the latter embracing the cause of the
SULTAN, the more effectually to ruin it ; and
we have no doubt but that before the contest
would have well begun LOUIS PHILIPPE would
discover some pretext for siding with the Viceroy.
This of course would lead to some interruption of
the harmony which so happily exists between
France and England, and is on that account care-
fully to be guarded against by every true friend to
the liberties of Western Europe. It is, however,
because that by instigating MEHEMET ALI to
appeal to the sword, Russia sees a prospect of de-
taching France from the English alliance, that her
secret agents are so busy in Alexandria. Could she
only succeed by intrigues in inducing France
to take an opposite view of this question from that
entertained by England, the game which she has
been playing in Turkey since the accession of CA-
THERINE 11. would be at last in her own hands.
This is not denied by the French adherents to her
policy ; but with a laxity of principle which we trust
never to see imitated in this country, they exclaim,
" Let Russia have Constantinople, provided France,
for her compliance, be rewarded with Egypt !"---just
as if Russia would be content with less than the
whole Ottoman Empire.
There is no domestic news of any interest in the
French Journals. From the Spanish frontier the
accounts are very favourable to the success of the
Constitutionalists. The French Government is
reported to have received a telegraphic dispatch,
confirming the following news extracted from the
Courrier Francais of Wednesday :
" The Carlist party is daily losing ground in the insur-
gent provinces. Maroto, finding it impossible to defend
alone so extensive a line, has evacuated Biscay. Espartero
entered and occupied Durango on the 21st. Next day the
Carlists abandoned the fortifications of Areta, behind which
they were entrenched, and which Castaneda took possession
of without striking a blow. The Carlists are now masters of
Guipuscoa, and a portion of Navarre only. Two of the
insurgent provinces, Biscay and Alava, are at present in
the possession of the constitutional troops. 10,000 French
soldiers entering the valleys of Navarre, and taking a
position on the Bidassoa, would put an end to the war in
less than 1.5 days."
A letter from Toulon, of the 23d of August, gives us
the following information :
" It is reported in the town and in all the navy offices,
that a telegraphic despatch of the 21st, which was not
known till yesterday evening, orders the Maritime Prefect
immediately to arm the four following ships of the line :
The Souvcrain, of 120 guns, a new ship, which has never
been out of port ; the Courenne, a new ship, of 82 guns ;
the Marengo, of 82 guns ; and the Nestor, a new ship, of
82 gulls. The first of these vessels, which was to have
been armed when the Trocadero was burnt, has need of
some repairs, which may take a considerable time. The
four ships have been surveyed, and the workmen are going
on board without delay. It order to prosecute the arma-
ment with some vigour, it is in contemplation to raise an
extraordinary levy of workmen of all professions, in the
several quarters in which they are registered, and to send
them to Toulon. In a word, the greatest celerity is re-
commended.

" The Alger having had all its ballast taken out, was
brought into the basin to-day. When that ship leaves the
basin, it is supposed that that the Souverain will take its
place.

Since yesterday the greatest commotion is observed in
the port. The telegraph has been at work from merning
till night; and there is every reason to believe that the
Government is resolved to hasten these armaments in order
not to be behind the other maritime powers which have
long since been ready.
" 498 seamen have been brought from Cherbourg, but
as about 400 are wanted to complete the crews of the
Montebello and the Santi Petri, there will remain only
100 for the ships now arming at Toulon.
" Orders have been given to suspend the building of
new ships, in order that all the workmen may be employed
on the armaments which have just been ordered."—Le
Commerce.

Before leaving Bordeaux, the Duke of Orleans pre-
sented the Mayor with a valuable gold box, bearing the
Prince's portrait, set in brilliants. The Duchess presented
four ladies, who had accompanied her Royal Highness
during her visit, with a valuable jewel each. The Bor-
deaux Papers mention numerous traits of the beneficence
of their Royal Highnesses.
The following from Constantinople of the 7th inst. is
contained in the Smyrna Journal :—" Affairs have com-

pletely changed their complexion within these few days,
in consequence of the note from the Ambassadors, an-
nouncing that the Five Powers had unanimously resolved
to act in the affairs of the East in the interest of the gene-
ral peace of Europe, and the maintenance of the Ottoman
Empire. The Prince de Joinville arrived here the day
before esterday in the Papin, and immediately went to
his abode at the French embassy. He preserves a strict
incognito. Baron Behr, the Belgian Charge d'Affaires,
Therapia. He returned yesterday to Pera, and took up
arrived on the 4th in the French packet. The English
steamer Confiance came into Therapia on Thursday, with
dispatches for Lord Ponsonby. The plague has made its
appearance at Trebisond and Samsoon, where several
deaths have taken place. The Government has established
at Suleimanieh a menagerie, similar to those of Western
Europe."
BOURSE.—PARIS, WEDNESDAY, AUG. 28.

first Highest Lowest Last
Price Price. Price. Price.
French 5 per Cents l!2 70 ... 112 70 ... 112 60 ... 1.2 e 0
4 per Cent
3 per Centss
8 0
75
Latte Bank 1.0001. Sh O6 lO :106,81 80
......m8;00 70 :109) 70
0 ffi
5,004)1'. '''l-1—• 52'20 —.5220 —.5'20 ...5220
Belgian 5 per Cents 103y.; .. 103!,; ... 1031.2 ... iO4:,
Belgian 3 per Cents 7l 75 ... 71 75 ... 71 75 ... 71 73
Bank 770 ... 775 ... 770 ... 770
C3upons
Spanish Active - ... 217,', ... 21 ... 2114
Passive ... 43(
Portuguese 3 per Cents
11% —111 s, ... 19N ... 191 A
.`:ea) olitan
Roman o'2=l/2 ... 102;4 ... 102% ... 10`44
ItAILW • -- "•- - ----

~,
AY SHARE.
St. Germain
Versailles, rt. B 577 30 ... 577 .50 ... 577 50 ... 577 50
L.B. 3::5 ... 327 50 ... 325 ... 327 59
Havre
Strasburg to Bale 3l's ... 3C5 ... 3' 5 ... 305
hfulhausen to Thann.......• 360 . 360 ... 360 ... 360
Montpellier to Cette
BELGIAN I. UNDS—Baussfas, AUGUST 2'h
Actual Debt, 2% per Cent.
Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Cent lOl%
Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent.
- 3 per Cent. 71%
Loan of City, 1832,4 per Cent —
Society of Commerce, 44 per Cent ll5
Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent 74
National Society .
—Brussels Papers, August2B.
AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—VIEMNA, AUG 20
Five per Cents. Metalliques
For per Cents.
Three per Cents . P2
Bank Shares
_Aticeriesne Zcitung. August 25.
The Allgfmeine Zeilung has no news respecting the
health of Prince Metternich.

MANCHESTER.—We have not heard who is to
be a candidate for the town of Manchester, but it
is supposed that Mr. Robert Greg, who is at
present abroad, will be put in nomination by his
townsmen. He will be an appropriate representa-
tive of the anti-Corn-law
feeling of that populous
and opulent district. Mr. Jones Lloyd, who formerly
was a candidate, has, we believe, declined to come
forward on this occasion, which is to be regretted,
as his great knowledge of the banking business, and
of the principles of the currency, would be of great
service in the debates which must ensue on that im-
portant question.

MR. LOVETT.—We regret to learn that Mr.
LovETT is dangerously ill in Warwick gaol. Con-
sidering the high character he enjoys, and that his
death in prison will make him be regarded as a
martyr, and not serve to make the Ministry popu-
lar, we should much rejoice to see the most blessed
Prerogative of the Crown exerted to relieve him
from his punishment. It was never yet exercised,
we believe, on a more deserving, though we rea-
dily admit, and have always said, a mistaken man.

ASSIZE IN TELittANCE.

(RECEIVED THIS DAY.)
NORTHERN CIRCUIT.—LivEnroor„ AuG. 29.
CONCLUSION OF THE CHARTIST TRIALS.
The trials of the Chartist prisoners, charged with
having in the most absurd manner attempted to enforce
the sacred month, concluded this day at noon, before
Mr. Justice Coltman, when the following prisoners, who
had been convicted thereof, and also a few convicted on
the charge of drilling and training, were sentenced to
the following terms of imprisonment, with the addition
of hard labour :

Richard Eastwood, John Pilling, and Thomas Hey-
wood, for rioting at Bolton, were sentenced to one.year's
imprisonment and hard labour at Kirkdale House of
Correction, and at the expiration of that term to find
bail, themselves in 50/. each, and two sureties in 25/.
each, to keep the peace and be of good behaviour for
two years longer.
Solomon Greenhalgh, a respectable-looking lad, with-
out parents, was merely ordered to find two sureties in
25/. each, to appear and receive judgment when called
upon, and in the meantime to keep the peace.
Robert Gillibrand and Andrew Morgan, also found
guilty of a riot at. Bolton, received the same sentence
as Eastwood, Pilling, and Heywood ; and the same
punishment was awarded to Thomas Farrell, Jonathan
Merle, John Gill, and Joseph Bostock, also found
guilty of having been concerned in the Bolton riots,
were sentenced to the same term of imprisonment, and
ordered to find sureties to the same amount. Two
boys, named Pilling and Parkinson, who had also been
taken amongst the rioters, were ordered to find bail to
appear when called upon, and to keep the peace in the
mean time.

Four men, named Heywood, Wille, Morris, and
Glennon, received the same sentence as Gillibrand and
others, John Wightman being sentenced to six months'
imprisonment and hard labour, and to find sureties for
a similar term as the others.

Charles M'Mullen, John Leatchford, Adam Dond-
son, John Smith, John Green, and a man named Rat-
cliffe were next brought up, having been convicted of
going along with others to several mills, in the township
of Leigh, in order to force the mill owners to close their
mills for the purposes of the sacred month. They were
each sentenced to six months' imprisonment, and were
ordered to find bail to keep the peace for two years
from the expiration of their term of imprisonment.
Joseph Booth and John Holme, for a similar offence
in Manchester, received similar sentences.
James Kelly and William Coupe, convicted of having
trained and drilled a number of young men at Newton,
near Manchester, were sentenced to eighteen months'
imprisonment and hard labour in Kirkdale House of
Correction.

Four young men,named James and William Bardsley,
Cox, and Warden, who had pleaded guilty to a charge
of drilling at Ashton-under-Lyne, were sentenced to
six months' imprisonment and hard labour, and to find
sureties for two years horn the expiration of their term
of imprisonment.

Six young men named Naylor, Hodges, Wright,
Darren, Stansfield, and Ward, for having been drilled
at Newton, were sentenced to four months' imprison-
ment and to find sureties for their good behaviour for
two years longer.
In addition to the above, true bills have been found
against Mr. Fearg us O'Connor, Mr. J. B. O'Brien, to-
gether with several other Members of the National
Convention, and about forty other Chartists, some of
whom have been taken into custody and have traversed
until the next assizes. The sentencing of the above-
named persons concluded the business in the Criminal
Court ; after which the Learned Judge proceeded to
assist Mr. Baron Maule in the trial of such causes as
were ready for being heard.