The Sun.
London, England, 1830-08-10 00:00:00

SPIRIT OP TIM PUBLIC JOURNALS,

The affairs; nl France progress, as the American*
call it, tranqoilly, and, as far as we can judge,
happilyitoitar'da a re-establishment. We have seen
*tubing hitherto of the. Chamber of Peers. Their
meetings, it is known, are not open : hut the French
Papers mention, that they are occupied in preparing
an address to the Duke of Orleans. Two of the Ex.
Ministers, as we stated yesterday, are taken. This
being the case, and it being now certain that they
will be brought to trial, we shall abstain from press.
ng their conduct against them. We are not
strangers, neither is France a stranger, to the fact,
that the party most dreaded in its councils by all
just, humane, and honourable men, i the repub-
lican party. That it exists cannot be denied ; but
that it is small and odious, is, we think, proved by
the circumstance that it has no organ of its wishes.
Among the numerous newspapers now published
every day in Paris, not one of them is republican, or
our puts forth a principle but in support of a mode-
rate free, constitutional Monarchy, is best adapted
t* the present situation of France, and the general
repose of Europe. In the provinces it appears that
a paper which took a republican tone has been
publicly burnt. The public choice has lighted on
the Duke of Orleans as the person fittest to mount,
the vacant throne. Some mention has certainly been
made, though in one only of the journals, of the
Duke of Bordeaux; and the Ex-King Charles,
with his son, the Duke of Angouleme, honours that
young personage with the Royal title and address
now when they are all running away together. This
is is the usual infatuation of that wretched family.
It was certainly free to the French people to choose
the Duke of Bordeaux for their Sovereign ; but
they have not done so; and it is surely not compe-
tent to a King who his quitted his throne, and be-
taken himself to sight from a justly enraged nation,
to invest another with that authority which has been
already torn from himself. We hear that the Duke
of Buckingham has offered Hartwell as an asylum
to the miserable and guilty fugitives.—Times.
The King has expressed himself in respect of the
late proceedings in France, as a constitutional mo-
*arch ought, and is a way which cannot fail to gratify
the people of this country :—" Charles the Tenth
said he, " was my friend, and I pity him; but he
has been misled. His Majesty also added the word
"priest-ridden," as applicable to the Ex-King.—
Morning Chronicle.

The Chamber of Deputies has chosen the Duke
*f Orleans King of the French, subject to the con-
ditions expressed in • modified Charter. The Crown
Is to be settled on him and " his descendants in
perpetuity, according to the order of primegeniture,
and to the exclusion of females and their descen-
dents." We refer our readers to the letter of our
Correspondent for information respecting the modi-
fications of the Charter. The translation of the old
Charter, which he has added, will enable them to
understand the extent of the alterations. There is,
Itowever, a material difference bet Ween the inference
which our Correspondent draws from the suppres-
Ilion of the State religion, and the report of the
epeech of M. Du in, sem, as given by the Mearoger
des Chamber% We are inclined to think our Car-
respondent mistaken. He says—
" The sixth, which established a National or State Re.
Moles, is to be suppressed !! 1 Let Mr. Hume take
swage! Let the moderate Reformers and Dissenters per.
severe ! Let them remember that we have thousands of
Priests who exercise the roost fearful influence over the
consciences of men; and yet they are all deprived of State
pay, and the nation is relieved from religious taxation !
What will be the effect of this ? I will tell you: people
will go to church who never went before. The Curates
and Priests, who are humble, active, and useful, will he
well psid by the Voluntary offerings of those who attend
the churches ; the insolent Bishops and Archbishops will
be compelled to follow the example of the poorer Clergy.
sod In leer than one year there will be not only more of
pesaticel religiou, but even more of going to church than
has been known in this country for the last thirty years."
The account given in the Report which we have
adopted,
" We propose to you to suppress the oth Article. This
is the Article which has been ro much abused ; but to take
sway every pretext for malevolence, we would not have it
thoeght that It intends the slightest violation of the Ca.
tholte Religion. The llth Article says every one professes
freely his religion. The 7th Article, speaking of the cup.
pert of the several modes of worship, will say, that the
cnihelie religion it that of the majority of the Fr: rich,
sad that the Ministers of that religion shall be paid by the
Government."
There is a material difference between having no
State religion, and leaving the Clergy to be paid
by the people. The truth is, that in many districts
of Prance ibis people arc SO poor, that neither
Catholic nor Protestant Clergymen would be paid
tit alt, if they were not paint by the Treasury. To
leave the people to pay their own Clergy would,
therefore, give rise to much discontent. But we
question the policy of leaving the Priests to tax the
people themselves for their support, as the Dissent-
ing Clergy do in America and England. The
Priests theMselves may gain by this, but we are
afraid tire people will not be gainers. In Germany,
where the State pays the Clergy of the different
denominations, they discharge their duty in a quiet
unostentatious manner. But to say *lathing of Lag-
land, what is the result of the system of America
Professor Cooper, who being a warm admirer of his
adopted country, may be safely tuken as an evidence
respecting the United Stites, says:—
" In no other country, is the wise toleration established
by law so eomplete as in this. list in no country what.
ever, is a spirit of persecution fur memo ()pinhole so priori.
lent as in the United States of America. It is a country
most tolerant in theory, and most bigotted ito practice.
'lke laws controul tto moist opinions ; they coutroul hie
militia only. They guarantee freedom of conscience, of
profession, red of discussion, to every creed and form of
warship, the framers of them well knowing that the result
sK witsflisties opinion and open discussion can only be
wptk; stud that so opinion deserves to he protected which
sumo, protect itself. Rut the Clergy of this country—
lhope, nos of all sects—the Calvautstio Clergy chiefly,
are united in persecuting every roan who calls in question
any of their metaphysical opinions, or who Mots at their
!views of ambition and aggrandizement."
When the Clergy are paid by the State, they
have a less powerful motive for the rancorous
bigotry of which the Professor complaint. Were
the people previously educuted, the danger from the
eltelilea zeal of a Clergy paid by their flocks
would not he so great. And, perhaps, in France,
where Citivinitm never appeared in the repulsive
puritanical form it assumed in England and America,
the danger from the zeal of the Clergy might trot
be so great as in some Other countries, But still it
is as well not to make rash experiments..Mortang
Chronicle.

Ths attempt to oust Lord Palmerston from the
representation of the University of Cambridge,
which we noticed at the time when the agents of I
Govannuent were busy obout it, proved, as it is '
known, abortive; but Oxford adheres, with true
Tory pertinacity, to the worthies by whom that se-
minary of toilful learning is so appropriately rove-
mated. The University of Dublin, however, hav-
ing the illustrious Duke of Cumberland for its Chan-
seller, Car, on the occasion of the present election,
by far the sorriest figure. The franchise of the Irish
University belongs not, as in the English, to the
14,1wtttre of Arts , but to the Fellows and Scholars,
Who do not, in the whole, exceed one hundred per-
sons.
Yet did this small body of electors
create,
whim convened for the exercise of their "11l
t"'
a
KAI)* of tiOt violifse, and contusion unparalleled in
tits conduet 'of
40)1404 the, most popular constituency
to„tersd<triu ilia favours
altationa. The pre..
voters ware moo ot: 'of this choice body of
se,juot /.060 ut, *Y worthy of themo—
awl Mr. 3, .1-1, `,l„,:"l'ker. of the Admiralty,
was the successful candidate, tr°11114:1 named peteon
gentlemen in private toe, but o t"Pvet4l/6
a ell art religion-..having talent: _titer utum "
tier
strength to the party he esvolii,s, with:4a i/4141`i
with all its fury, has a dash iu it of tr"ta: 11'41
te..,crot
which, as in the case of Sir Chitties weits,„•,:ti';',
Apt to make men laugh when the lodic' is him' SVE
pi9St in earnest. Serie:on Lefroy will add in item to

a knot of politicians from whore nothing is to he
feared; and regarding his election, therefore, as a
mere innocuous effort of Orange zeal. we are fr 4
to rejoice in the disappointment of both his rivalS,
Mr. Croker nod Mr. Norththe first, a person with
less character than any living public man of a moiety
of his talents; and the latter, a mere popiejay rhe-
torician, to whose small traffic in tropes and meta-
phors all men of principle and good sense mutt-de-
sire a termination.—liforning Chronicle.
We can no longer complain of the want of public
meetings to enable the inhabitants of the metropolis
to give expression to their admiration of the conduct
of the brave Parisians. A meeting of the inhabi-
tant householders of the Ward of Cripplegate
Without is appointed to take place this day, at two
o'clock in the afternoon, at the City Pantheon Stub-
scription
Theatre, Milton-street. The chair will be
taken at three o'clock precisely, by Mr. Alderman
Wood. The inhabitants of the great and populous
parish of Mary-le-bonne have called a meeting for
to-morrow (Wednesday) at twelve o'clock, in the
great room of Messrs. Marks and Co., of Lang-
ham-place, Portland+ place. A requisition, too,
we learn, is in the course of signature, for
a meeting in the city, and it is hoped that
the Lord Mayor will grant the Egyptian Hall.—
We cannot quit the subject, without calling the at-
tention of our readers to a paragraph under the
head, " Tribute to the French," containing a speci-
men of the wisdom of that city oracle, Sir Peter
Laurie, one of the churchwardens of Mary-la-bonne.
Sir Peter could find no precedent for a meeting to
express the sympathy of the people with the brave
Parisians. Well done, Justice Shallow. The in-
terest taken by the great body of the people in the
proceedings at Paris is remarkable. We have al-
ready noticed a collection sent to us from one
public-house. We this day have to announce another,
with an accompanying letter, in few words, but those
few energetic in the extreme.—Morning Chronicle.
Our readers saw from the contents of our Paris
express of yesterday that the Chamber of Deputies,
after some discussion respecting the act of abdica-
tion of Charles X., resolved to deposit it in the
archives of the Chamber, contrary to the opinion of
some, who would have passed to the order of the
day, considering that act as in itself a nullity. We
consider it a weak proceeding for the Chamber to
have taken any notice whatever of the act of abdi-
cation. They, to be constant with their own prin-
ciples, should have regarded it as a piece of waste
paper, and regarding it in that light they surely
would not have deposited it among the archives of
the empire. The language of the Committee, as
conveyed by their report to the ChaMber, is ex-
plicit, and such as the occasion demands—what is
that language? " The Committee has unanimously
recognised the vacancy of the throne, but at the
same time that it recognises it as a fact, it has
thought it its duty to declare it as a right emanating
from the legitimate resistance of the people to the
violation of its rights." If then the vacancy of the
throne be created by the right which the people have
to resist the violation of their own rights, that va-
cancy cannot be the result of the act of abdication.
The act must, therefore, be a nullity, and ought
not to have been deposited like a valid in-
tartnent in the archives of the Chamber.—
The King had not only absolved his sub-
jects from their allegiance by changing the form
of Government under which he came to the throne,
but he had, ie support of his tyrannical measures,
etude the appeal to force. The decision of force
was against him. All the rights of conquest passed
to the conquerors—the sovereign power became the
property of the victorious people—and they have a
right to bestow it on whom they please. This is
the plain and simple state of the question. If the
King had the power to abdicate—that is, if his act
of Abdicat ion wet e meessary to create a Vite;iney of
the throne—he had a right to wales conditions to
that abdication. But the fart wit,, the throne was
vacant before that act received the Royal signature.
The people had already acquired the best title to a
new settlement of the Crown. The King's acknow-
ledgment of his own regal deprivation could not
make that title better. Besides, if his act of abdi-
cation were necessary, it would be null and void, as
being compulsory and made undei duress.-IVhy,
then, should it be taken into consideration at all ?
Supposittg the King had abdicated in favour of the
Duke of Orleans, would that make the Duke's title
to the Crown better ? Certainly not. If ke re-
ceives it in conformity with the report of the Com-
mittee, he will hold it by the title of original com-
pact between him and the nation. So that whether
the act of abdication be in favour of that Prince, (a
of any other, it is but a piece of waste paper as
regards the new settlement of the Crown.—MOrn-
lag Herald.
Though there is no occasion on which a difference
of opinion cannot display itself, yet there are some
on which it could hardly be expected to appear. Of
these the amelioration and freedom of the human
race might be expected to be one : but no; even
that is a subject on which mankind are not agreed,
and so innate in some few minds, and so irradicable
is the hatred of public freedom, that, the overthrow
of despotism in any State is too sore a subject of
mortification not to show itself through the medium
of the very few organs which, happily, such princi-
ples posießs ie a free Suite. Ott the subject of the
late event* in France it so happens that " the
powers which were" contrived to put themselves so
entirely in the wrong, that we were scarcely pre-
priced to find that there was any part of the Press
of England, however so inclined, which could find
a peg to hang its note of vituperation upon. In
this, however, we were mistaken • and we are
doomed to see, in the native land freedom, the
laudable efforts of it whole people against the wanton
unprovoked attacks of their oppressors, stigmatised
as rebellion and treason. This is hither too much.
Of what strange materials must the mind be corn-
posed which can calmly look on upon a people ass
sailed by the most violent aggression, and can deem
resistance to it reprehensible, and the aggressors the
objects of sympathy arid applause I According to
this rule in morals, the thief is to be pitied, and
the party robbed the object of vengeance and
condemnation. Never, perhaps, was there an in-
stance upon record where the people have been so
decidedly in the right, and the Government so un-
questioeubly in the wrong, as in the circumstances
which led to the lute events in France. But take
t otherwise. 'For argument sake, let its admit that
the people were pressiag upon their rulers, and were
threatening the overthrow of the Charter. Could
insanity itself have contrived arty nines to put the
latter more in the wrong than the steps which they
themselves had taken ? If there has been any trea-
son it has been altogether the treason of the Go-
vetmneet against the governed. But we readily
admit that the writers its question, who happily re-
present but n very small party in this country, May
well feel sure upon the events in question. They
have put, we apprehend, a final extinguisher upon
the last [tepee which they could entertain of ever
seeing the spirit of despotism re-established among
the natives of Europe. That any British heart
mold have such a wish seems almost incredible.
But let that pass. Sufficient for them that it can-
not be. In this country, at least, it could never
have been, 1111(1 events in France been what they
might. But there are other countries differently
situated; and in Spain and Navel, fur instance,
to say nothing of other States, the star of freedom
in France is, and must tw, a beacon to light them
to a regeneration of their political rights.---Morning
Herald.

-- ,
We are authorised to contradict the statement
which appeared relative to the indisposition of his Royal
Highness the Duke of Sussxx. We are assured by the
hest authority that the intiispositi,in has been of the
slightest nature, and that no apprehension whatever for
the safety: of lint Royal Ilighneo has been experienced by
itW ird tnytherl rUtittithints, Dr. MATON Mid Mr. PIGTTIGRIZW.
IHighness, we are most happy to see, is entirely
Pratti frtint Attliti)4.....Aturning Herald.

FRENCH REVOLUTION.

SPIRIT OF TUE PROVINCIAL JOURNALS.

(From the Manchester Times.)

A glorious Revolution has taken place in France! If
our hearts did not bound with exultation in making the
announcement, we should be unworthy of the freedom we
enjoy, and of our descent from the men who shed their
blood in achieving it. But the present is not a time for
declamation on the noble contest. Two important ques-
tions press themselves on our consideration. What will
the Government of England do ? What ought the people
of England to do ? Two months ago, the Quarterly
Review, supposed, in France, to be on this occasion the
organ of our Government, recommended the very met•
sures the French ministry have adopted ! It said "we
hope and trust that the King and his present Ministry
may succeed, Usual be their object, in establishing a cen-
sorship of the press, and likewise in acquiring so decided a
preponderance in the Chamber of Deputies that its
existence as an independent body capable of beard-
ing the monarchy, as it has recently done, shall be
no longer recognized." We need not stop to en-
quire how far the suspicions in France as to these
being the real sentiments of the English Ministry
are true. We need not remind our readers of the
Whig Attorney-General's simultaneous attack on the
liberty of the press. We need not speak of the delay
of operations in France till the dissolution of the English
Parliament. We need not detail the past struggles, un-
fortunately successful, of the English Government, in op-
position to the principles established by our own revoht-
tion, to place upon the throne of France a family which
France had repudiated. The question, what will the Go-
vernment of England do, may be answered by asking
another. Would Polignae have dared to do what he has
done without assurance of support from Wellington ?
Would Charles, after be bad recovered from his first alarm
at the burst of patriotism, have retracted his offer of abdi-
cation, if he had not calculated on aid from England ?
What ought the people of England to do?--Instantly to
declare that they see in the contest with the Bourbons a
repetition of their own contest with the Stuarts, and that
they will be no party to any design that may be entertained
of forcing upon a brave and noble people a tyrant whom
they have most justly dethroned, or of interfering in any
way with their internal arrangements. We have already
told our readers it was " high time to be up and
doing." We earnestly recommend to their notice a warn-
ing, drawn up, as events have proved, with prophetic
accuracy.