The Sun.
London, England, 1863-01-28 00:00:00

Deaths.

BECKETT.—On the 2Gth inst., at Brighton, Wm. Beckett,
Esq., of Kirkstall Grage, near Leeds, formerly M.P. for
Leeds and Ripon, aged 79.

DACE.—On the 24th inst., at Stratford-green, Francis
Dacre, Esq., aged 73.
FOSTER.—On the 26th inst., at Cambridge, Mary Ann, the
wife of Charles Finch Foster.
JONES.—On the 26th inst., at his residence, 10, Lower
Seymour-street, Portman-square, Dr. William Jones,
aged 52.
_

TI s.—On the 26th inst., at Watton, Herts, John Tiros,
Esq., aged 99.
'EuitlinuLL.—On the 26th inst., at 43, Upper• Albany-
street, Katharine, wiJow of John Turnbull, Esq., late
Consul at Granville, aged 67.

London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDREWS,
of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN o&ce, No.
112, Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County
of Middlesex.—Wednesday, January 28, 1563.

:y=-=--

MARIETTA nnl CINCINNATI RAILROAD
COMPANY, as Re-organised
issue of 1,500,0'0 dols. SEVEN PER cE:Nr. FIRST
MORTGAGE B9NDS, due 18)1, of which the principal and
interest are made payable in sterling money at 4s. per dollar.
Coupons payable Ist of February and Ist of August at the
London Joint-stock Bank. Length of Road in operation,
203 miles.
The total F h arc capital authorised is 12,000,00 dols. ; the
amount issued 9,172,376 dols.
Borrowing powers of the Company are limited by charter
to one-third of the amount of share capital after the English
method. The maximum amount of bonds secured by the
rnortc,rap„.tr is 3,500,000 dole. of which only 238,00 C dols. are
now issued, and the. Company has no other debt.
The amount specified above will be all laid out in produc-
tive works, as explained in the prospectus.
To meet the uncertainty of the value of the dollar caused
by the depreciation of the American paper currencyate
the inte-
rest and principal will be made payable in 4s. per
dollar.
Price of bonds at 71 per cent., 4s. (id. p rdollar being for
1,000 dols. bond £159 15s. ; 50j dots.
bond £79l
e 178.6
ford.;
£l4 , 1(10 dols.
bond £l5 19,. fd, ; h lt-yearly coup ,s attacd
and £1 Ss. respectively per annum, being rather more than 81
per cent. on the cost.
A deposit of 5 per cant., or £ll ss.
an on e'ch
LOCO dols., to be
be
paid to the banker. on application, d the balance may
either paid on allotment or be the 101:owing instalments :
Six per cent. (£l3 li s. per 1,00 dols.) on allotment, and 20
per cent. (£45 per I,eoo dols.) on each of the following dßys-
-Ist Mav, Ist August, and Ist November, with interest at 6 per
cent. from Ist February.
5 per cent. Deposit £ll 5 0
6 per cent. on Allotment 13 10 0
20 per cent. Ist May 45 0 0
20 per cent. Ist August .. 45 0 0
20 par cent. let November 45 () 0

N°. 22,022.

With Fifty beautiful Illustrations, by Wolf and Zwecker,
215., handsomely bound,
BALDWIN'S AFRICAN HUNTING AND
ADVENTURES FROM NATAL TO THE FALLS
OF ZAMBESI.

"Will be read with thrilling interest. Some of Mr. Bald-
win's escapes are so marvellous as almost to excite suspicion
did not the simplicity of his unadorned and unpremeditated
journal speak for its truthfulness. We shudder while we read
the author's desperate and appaling encounters."—Morning
Post.

Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.

In 2 vols.,
A DAUGHTER OF EVE.
A NOVEL.
By HAIN FRISWELL,
Author of "Sham," "Ghost Stories and Phantom Fancies."
Richard Bentley, New Burling-ton-street.

71 per cent. £159 15 0
Prospectuses and forms of application may be obtained of
D. Alison, Esq., Secretary, 7A, Basing,hall-street ; E. F.
Satterthwaite, Esq., No. 38, Thrwmorton -street ; and eserp.
Ileseltine and Powell, No. 2, Roya, Exchange-building s.

NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OF " THE MORALS
OF MAYFAIR."
Now ready at an the Libraries, in 2 vols., 215.,
A POINT OF HONOUR
By the Author of
"THE MORALS OF MAYFAIR," dre.
Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

THE ASIA MINOR COMPANY.
(Limited).
Capital £500,000. in 50,000 Shares of £lO each.
First Issue, 10,000 Shares.
Deposit £1 per Share on Application, and £1 on Allotment ;
the holders of such Shares to have the preference, pro rata,
in all future issues.

Now Ready, at all the Libraries, in 2 vols., with Portrait, 215.,
MEMOIRS OF C HRISTINA,
QUEEN OF SWEDEN.

Calls not to exceed £2 each Share, and Three Months'
interval between each Call.
DIRECTORS.
Thigh Mason, Esq., Ashton-under-Lyne.
James Bibby, Esq. (J. Bibby, Sons, and Co., Liverpool.
Edward Lord, Esq. (Lord Brothers), Todmorden.
Charles Joyce, Esq. (Chas. Joyce and Co.), London.
Nathaniel 'Buckley, Esq., Ashton-under-Lyne.
Patrick Proudfoot, EKL (P. Proudfoot and Co.), Manchester.
James King, Esq. (Jas. King and Sons), Rochdale and Man-

BP HENRY WOODIIEAD.
Hurst and Macke% 13, Great Marlborough-steeet.

Eighth Edition, bound, 65.,
ASCHOOL HISTORY OF ENGLAND ;
with a Copious Chronology, Tables of Contemporary
Sovereigns, and Questions for Examination. Abridged from
the " Family History of England."
London: Parker, Son, and Bourn, West Strand.

SAINT MARK'S HOSPITAL for FISTULA
and other DISEASES of the RECTUM.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That the ANNUAL
GENERAL MEETING of GOVERNORS will be he'd at
the London Tavern, Bishopsgate-street, on THURSDAY,
the 12th February next, to receive the Yearly Report of thd
Committee of Management, of the Treasurer, and of the
Medical Officers of the Charity.
To Elect Four new Members of the Committee in room of
those who retire by seniority of service.
And on other business.
The Chair will be taken by the Right Hon. the LORD
MAYOR, M.P., the President, at 3 o'clock precisely.
JAMES FULLER WHISKIN, Secretary.
City-road, London, E.C., 26th January, 1863.

New Zealand's Antipode'an Gaspe Forest-law Chief, in
MALTA-ALLIANCE A g GREEK-PALATINE OF CHESTER
on, JTILIAN O.S. 1{5.1 4` 4] v. Grett'riEn v N.style
meansun Calender of Papal-palmer-ST-one,—cancelled.
TAX INCH-FULCRUM' OF ARCHIMEI)ES,
ON ASIA'S AMERIC' CARIB IND'N § BALTIMOR' RATE.
Marlbro'-st. Crt. Coal-hole Dog-set'ng Case,
with Inchkeith Fort Garray Gladiator-staff Toga'ry.

The Telegraph of Ctmas-day states that Capt. Ackerley
claimed £5 fine and costs, from defendants (Dalton, Tur-
ner, and wife, agents of George Harrow), on their being
bound over to keep the peace six months, under £lO
penalty, for misdemeanour, and wilful dog offence with a
"Le micmac"-p/ot intent to do injury by canine agency,
on Sundays below stairs and week-nights above.

This sinister Bowyer-u.c. z police report—unveils the old
Atkins tablets, 52 yrs hid under Clapham Kirk—Cubit'd on
¶ark-harass of 13 Car. is., against plaintiff (the executor and
state supporter of Anglo-America's unpaid Income tax Chief,
Peter Basquet, 114 yrs)—for holding under his Coal Hole
County court Final judgment on 1842-B's double-rent
lease, now 20-yrs title. So forecloses the Woods & Forest-
law Works' -1582 N. s•• Chili archer Cowper of St. Mic. Corn-
hill's gold-key lessees' wish, by Ouster le main to regain a
Primer Seisin by getting the Captain to recognize an in-
verted tenantcy by their lessee Batchelor building-in his
Coal .hole basis without Party-wall, with intent at steam-
engine boiler HEAT—to effect cold-draft ejection.—to

chester.
Joseph Firth, Esq. (Firth and Howarth), Todmorden.

MANAGERS IN SYRIA.
George William Benwell, Esq. Thomas Bowen Recs, Esq.

BANKERS.
Bank of London, Threadneedle-street, London.
Manchester and Liverpool District Bank, lianahaster.- •
BROKERS.
London—Messrs. Philip Cazenove, and Co., 52, Threadneedle-
street, E.C.
Manchester—Henry Rawson, Esq , Exchange-arcade.

SOLICITOR.
William Slater, Esq , 66, Fountain-street, Manchester.
SECRETARY (pro tem).—G. R. Haywood, Esq., Manchester.
Temporary Offices—No. 3, Arcade, Manchester.
PROSPECTUS.

To have relied upon one source of supply for the raw ma-
terial of the great cotton industry of this country is now
proved to have been an almost fatal policy. Whatever, there-
fore, be the result of the conflict now raging in America, it is
clear that, for the future security of our manufacturing inte-
rests, fresh ground will have to be brought under cultivation
in other parts of the world.
1 his Company is formed for the purpose of encouraging
the growth of Cotton in Asia Minor—a c untry v4ith soil,
climate, and geographical position peculiarly adapted to the
production of our invaluable textile, abundance of free labour
accustomed to agriculture, natural means of irrigation, and
ready channels of transit by railway and otherwise to the
p rt of Smyrna, which is within 15 days' steam communica-
tion with Liverpool, and placed in immediate contact with
the manufacturing districts by the electric telegraph. It thus
possesses all the advantages fitted to render it immediately
available for the object in view.
The promoters of the Company have already proved, by
satisfactory test, the capabilities of the country, and the
desire of the cultivators to improve the quality of their crops.
In the spring of last year, by an arrangement with the Cot-
ton Supply Association, they procured a large quantity of
Egyptian and New Orleans seed, which was eagerly received
and planted, with most gratifying results. The following is
the report of the samples produced from this seed :
" Cotton Supply Association, 1, Newall's-buildings,
Dec. 10,1862.

" Sir,—Your favour of the 9th inst. has been duly submitted
to the consideration of the executive committee of this Asso-
ciation.
" I am desired to inform you that the samples you have
submitted, grown from American and Egyptian seed, are of
a very superior description, especially the American, and in
every way suited to the wants of the trade.
" The committee consider your exertions have demon-
strated that Asia Minor is capable, with proper encourage-
ment, of rapidly supplying Cotton, of a very superior quality,
and they hignly approve of your efforts for the formation of
a Cotton Company to achieve this result. They are prepared
to render you every assistance and encouragement that fhe
Association can afford.
" It is desirable that the efforts of the Turkish Govern-
ment to stimulate the growth of Cotton in Asia Minor should
be actively followed up by such enterprises as that which
you are setting on foot, in order that the quality may be
improved. and that machinery of the best description for
cleaning and packing may be introduced.
" I am, Sir, yours obediently,
. G. N. HAYWOOD, Secretary.
" Geo. Wm. Benwell, Esq., Asia Minor Cotton Company."
The Company will especially endeavour to stimulate a
largely increased production of improved Cotton by the
introduction of superior kinds of seeds, the best agricultural
implements, and the most improved machinery for cleaning
and baling the materiaL
It is not the intention of the Company to engage directly
in the cultivation of Cotton on their own account, but by
means of agencies in the interior to stimulate and offer every
assistance to those who are prepared to extend the cultiva-
tion.
Through dealing directly with the producers the Company
will, whilst reaping its own advantage, confer great benefit
upon the growers, by freeing them from the oppression of the
native money lenders, who make them such advances as they
require at exorbitant rates of interest, thus keeping them in
a state of poverty, which is a serious hindrance to energy
and enterprise.
The rates of interest charged by these money lenders vary
from 20 to 50 per cent. per annum ; yet the sums advanced are
always paid in full by the peasant-exact payment to a day
is certainly not to be counted uenkiltwaret-id; am e
realising produce, but care is us art
vitleueato meet all contingencies ; andbesides the deposit of
f ee's title-deeds the chiefs or communitys of the vil-
lages frequently become, collectively or severally, substan-
tial guarantees for the loans.
The Company will proceed upon broad and sound commer-
cial principles, and w 11 make its staff mainly dependent for
remuneration upon the profitable results of their respective
labours. It will lock up as little as possible of its capital in
unrealisable property, and make advances on none but good
and sufficient security.
The Ottoman Government will protect and give every
assistance in furtherance of the objects the Company have in
view. His Imperial Majesty the Sultan, desirous of encourag-
ing the culture of cotton in his empire, and of restoring to it
the importance it had in former times, has recently issued an
ordinance. By the principal clause therein it has been de-
creed that "whoever shall clear uncultivated and neglected
lands, and convert them into cultivated fields, shall receive
such lands gratuitously and without charge, and title-deeds
shall be delivered to him on the sole condition that he will
pay three piastres (sixpence, by way of stamp duty. Further,
the produce of these lands shall be exempt from the payment
of tithes for one year, or, should the land be stony, for two
years. If amongst the lands thus cultivated any should be
found in whit h the cessionaire cultivates cotton the exemp-
tion of the tithe, or any payment in lieu of tithe, shall be ex-
tended to five years." By a subsequent article it is also de-
creed that, "In order that the cotton produced may be con-
veyed with facility to the seaports the roads in the districts
where cotton is grown shall, if necessary, be repaired and put
into good order. The instruments and machinery imported
from Europe, and which may be required in the cultivation of
cotton, as welt as in the cleaning of it and separating the
seed, shall 1)f exempt from all customs dues, etc."
Within the space of two years the exports of the raw ma-
terial from Smyrna have multiplied nearly tenfold. In if 60
they were but 6,000 bales. Last year's crop, already coming
forward, is estimated at about 60,900 bales. Large additional
tracts of land are now being prepared for cotton cultivation,
and the British Consul of Smyrna, in a recent despatch to
Earl Russell, says :—" It is the general expectation that the
rend of 1863 will be at least 200,000 bales, or 72,003,000 pounds."
No other part of the world can furnish a parallel to this in-
creased ratio of production.
These extraordinary results are due to the almost unas-
sisted efforts of the native cultivators. With the aid of capi-
tal promptly and judiciously applied, the <rop of 1863
might probably be considerably increased, and a corres ond-
ing progress in cultivation secured in future years, PThis
Company has therefore a most important and promising field
for its operations.
The sources from whence the Company confidently look for
profit may be briefly enumerated t hus :
let. From advances made to cultivators against the crops.
2d, From the purchase of Cotton on their own account and
on commission.

" DINNA FORGET."-FRIDAY NEXT.-
ST. JAMES'S HALL.
Grand Attraction.—Sig. Giuglini, Miss Banks, Mr. Lawler,
Mr. Fielding, a band of twenty harps, and the "National
Melodies Choir" (400 voices). —The best seats can be secured
at Mr. Austin's ticket office. 28, Piccadilly, W.—Admission Is.
Sofa stalls (numbered) ss. each.

CANTERBURY HALL.—LAST WEEK of the
LANCASHIRE CHAMPION PRIZE HAND-BELL
RINGERS, at half-past Nine o'clock.
Immense

Tomb.). 'Think I—every day to be one's last, .4 Chandos.
- For when night-sleep comes—Life is past.'

The papal 1829 Metropolis police act, 3 Wm. 4, c 19,
§ 15, 39, 44—gives £5 fine, and is repeated in 1861 Act, on
"Offences against the person, &c, 24-25 Vict., cap. 100, sec.
4, 42, 67, 77---tarot. Chloraformists, and Chester police soc:
fire-raisers," by £5 fine or certificate from stipendiary.
Whence for 'the King's f wan Ge-a-herding rights,' we
refer to this Clapham Atkins case (of City Beam Cygnorum
nostr'm Swan-mote River bailiff's seaman of peaceful lake
in God's pen'umbrO. Game amphibious to Forest common
law—in upper X 0 eygni-nota C night, for lower spirit-level
oath Kt. mark (Scot & Stafford)—Rich. 2 and 3 H. 8, c 18
—2 Nic'---St. Ana'rou Sheriff, Glqsgo City arms—Swan's
. .

G/

Mr. Taylor, M.P., and his Constituents.

LEICESTER, TUESDAY.
Last night Mr. Taylor, M.P., addressed a crowded meet-
ing of his constituents at the Temperance Hall, about 3,000

of the supporters of liberal politics in that town being pre-
sent; Mr. Jos. Whetstone occupied the chair.

Mr. TAYLOR on coming forward was loudly cheered. After
a few introductory remarks he said—ln the first place I must
touch on the question of reform, Last session both parties
in the house agreed to shelve reform, and so gratified were

they at having got rid of the, question for the present. that
they loudly cheered the flippant reply of Lord Palmerston to
_ _

Mr. Cox, when he asked what the intention of Government

was upon that question, that reply being that tho people

did not seem to care about it. It is true that the .attitude

of people out of doors gave the House of Commons a good
deal of pound for avoiding discussion upon the point than
they have been on former occasions. There are, however,

times for all things, and at that time they did not feel
inclined to force on the question. The reason of this is,

no doubt, that they were .thoroughly disgusted with the
treatment which the last reform bill received at the

hands of the house, and wore hopeless of any beneficial

result attending its discussion while this House of Com-

mons exists. Besides this, there can be no doubt that the
attention of the country has been very much diverted to
things which were occurring in other countries. This is not
to be regretted, because I think we shall get none the

worse reform by waiting for it. A faction or a party may
lose an opportunity, and be overwhelmed if they have not

solely su-siaineci-gy L. Marshall.
The Comic by Unsworth, Eugene, Arthur Lloyd, Frank
Hall, and Miss Georgina Smithson.
GRAND OPERATIC SELECTIONS, as usual, conducted
by Mr. Jonghmans,

IIHE 0 X F ORD,
6. OXFORD STREET.
THE LANCASHIRE CHAMPION PRIZE HAND-
BELL RINGERS,
Twelve Performers on Sixty-six Bells.
Conductor, Mr. E. BENSON.
Drew Dean's Flute Solos. lees, four-part Sonis, Choruses,
&c., and other musical attracts ns, including a Grand Selec-
tion from GLucTE's opera " ALCESTE," now produced for
the first time in this country, and supported by the entire
company, full band and chorus. Conductor, Mr. F. Jongh-
mans.

Miss Caroline Parkes' Pantomimic Sketch, "Little Red
Riding Hood."
George Hodson's Irish, Miscellaneous, and Ventriloquial
Entertainment.
Unsworth's great Stump Speech, "Or any other man."
Eugene's burlesque Scenas and Dances.
W. Randall's New Comicalities, &c., every evening.
The provincial Engagements of the Bell-Ringers compell-
ing them to leave London, their Last Appearance, on
SATURDAY, 31st instant, is reluctantly announced.

seized it at the time, but the cause of truth and justice

THE LONDON PAVILION.-
_L Messrs. LOIBL and SONNHAMMER beg respectfully
to announce that their ANNUAL BENEFIT will take place
on THURSDAY EVENING next, the 29th inst. They
acknowledge with thanks the very liberal support hitherto
awarded them, and trust their future endeavours to please
and entertain will prove sufficiently meritorious to meet with
a response equally gratifying. On the occasion of their
Benefit a special programme will be arranged representing
such a galaxy of talent as was never presented to the public.
The LONDON PAVILION, Tichborne-street.

marches on through all delays and obstacles. When we de-
sire extended suffrage, it is not as an end in itself, but as a
means to an end. The progress of liberalism affects all na•
tions. If Italy gains its liberty, there is a gain for the liberty
of Englishmen. (Hear,) If I am asked who have been your
lecturers lately on reformj would.lay wo-havo had one of
the most eloquent lecturers ever known. His name is Cot-
ton Famine, his pulpit Lancashire, and his audience the
civilised world. (Cheers.) The course pursued by the Lan-
cashire operatives in their distress has manifested their abso-
lute fitness for political freedom and the rights of self-go-
vernment. They have, indeed, shown a power of self-
government far beyond that required for the election of a
member of Parliament ; they have justified the notion Of
philosophers whe argue that the world's progress is taking
a newer and higher plane of action than the world has wit-
nessed before. Hitherto we have known the rise, culmina-
tion, and fall of empires; but the world has never before
witnessed such a scene as Lancashire has presented for the
last few months. Twenty-five or thirty years ago, instead
of the patience and the manly demeanour displayed by the
people, there would have been disturbances little short of
insurrection, and instead of sending them loaves and bene-
factions, we should have been sending them troops and
ammunition, What now must be the feeling of those who
in times past have uttered predictions and expressed appre-
hensions of the effect of giving political power to those who
might be swayed by passion or poverty ? Of poverty and
destitution God knows there has been plenty—of passion
none—unless the patience of the people has been sublimated
into the elevation of passion. Turning to the question of
church rates, I for one say that I am of opinion that there
ought to be no compromise. It is not a question that admits
of compromise. On the contrary, it is a question of civil and
secular honesty, for you ought not to tax one man for the bene-
fit of another. What is it that has given renewed energy to
the Conservatives on the question of church rates ? Depend
upon it that the cry "the church is in danger," which has
been raised by Mr. Disraeli, is intended to be one of the
stock cries at the hustings on the next dissolution of Par-
liament, which is said to be fast approaching. The cry of
"the church in danger" always reminds me of th, cry one
commonly hears at the crowded door of a theatre, namely,
" take care of your pockets." The real danger to the
church consists not in assaults from without, but in insur-
rections within. In the first place, there are the honest,
sincere, and intelligent men, who spurn the chains which
bind them to the chariot wheels of the State; while on the
other hand there are the mere politicians, who look upon
those shackles as convenient things to keep down the
people. After church rates, probably the question of eco-
nomy will be raised by the Tories; but before we come to
any practical conclusion on that point, it is desirable that
we should understand what we want and what we do not.
We cannot afford to have the money of the country wasted,
jobbed, or trifled with, to see millions spent in building
useless wooden fleets, or fortifications so vast that in the
event of a war we should be obliged to blow them up to pre-
vent them becoming a refuge for the enemy; but we can
afford every expenditure that may be required for the honour
and defence of England. I for one am not going to vote for
economy if it is to be an excuse for regarding the Emperor
of the French as a lion of such a description as the lamb
could lie down with him. I regard him as a dangerous
~.ment in Europe. He has to govern by the force of a
predominant army, and to flatter his subjects, who are a

good deal more possessed of the mania of seeking for glory
than we are. My views have always been that England

must, not only for her honour, but her safety and economy
be strong enough to stand against the worst that can be
done. (Cheers.) We must remember that half a year's
war—nay, a single year's threat of war—would cost more
to this country than a good many millions spent upon pur-
poses of legitimate defence. I have always thought that
England ought to mainta'n a predominant navy and a popu-
lation that should know how to use the rifle. (Hear.) I

THE GALE.

120 PERFORMERS will appear at the
LONDON PAVILION on THURSDAY NEXT,
the PROP vIETOR'S BENEFIT. Novelties in abundance
will be produced ; all the favourites in London will be there ;
the bill of fare will be prolific in sensation and artists of ex •
traordinary skill ; in fact, the entertainment will be one of
astonishing. magnitude—brimful of talent, and calculated to
please everybody.

3d. From gins belonging to the Company established
throughout the country, which will clean the Cotton at a cer-
tain rate per lb.
4th. From the hydraulic presses belonging to the Company
engaged in packing the Cotton for shipment.
(This form must be delivered entire to the Bankers of the
Company, who will tsar off and retain the Form of Applica-
tion for Shares.)
FORM OF APPLICATION FOR SHARES.
To the Directors of the Asia Minor Company, Limited.
Gentlemen,—Having paid to your bankers the sum of £
I hereby request that you will allot me Shares of £lO
ch in the Asia Minor Company, Limited, and I. hereby
agree to accept such Shares, or any smaller number that may
be allotted to me, ant pay the depos t and calls thereon, and
to sign the articles of association of the Company at such
time and in such manner as yoa may appoint.
I am, gentlemen,
Name in full
Profession or Occupation
Address in full
Date....

A RGYLL ROOMS, Windmill-street, Piccadilly.
CIL Open nightly for Promenade. There is added to the
above elegant Establishment a Grand Conversation Saloon,
Reading Room, and Smokinm Lounge. French, German, and
English papers taken in. The musical arrangements under
the direction of Mons. Jullien.
- • -

The Band is composed of the best Musicians in the metro-
polis. Admission ls.—Manager, M. Grenet.

SHIELDS, Monday Night.

•
The weather all day has been squally, but, as the wind
has been WSW., the sea has been smooth on the bar, and
some laden ships have sailed to-day. There has been a con-
siderable arrival of light colliers. Freights to London range
from 6s 6d to 6s 9d, with a good deal of tonnage in the port.
The brig John and Isabella, which has arrived here light,
from Dieppe, reports that, when off Filey, that vessel came
in contact with the laden brig Gloriana, from Amble for
Rouen, coal laden. The John and Isabella's larboard bow
is stove in, and stanchions and bulwark carried away to mid-
ship. Four of the crew of the Gloriana got on board the
John and Isabella, and stated to the master of that vessel
that their ship was in a sinking state. Mr. Rowell, the
master, reports that he requested the master and crew of
the Gloriana to get on board his vessel, but the portion left
behind refused to do so.

ARGYLL ROOMS.-JULLIEN'S PROME-
NADE CONCERTS will take place Every Evening
at the above Rooms. The Programme will include Selec-
tions and Arrangements from the Works of the following
Masters :
----•— • • • •

......_____
Mozart—Rossini—Meyerbeer—Donizetti.
The Dance Music from the repertoire of the late M. Jullien.
Admission, Is.

Manager, M. GRENET.

JULLIEN'S PROMENADE CONCERTS.

TUESDAY, Noon.

After the despatch was sent off last night a storm warning
came from Admiral Fitzroy, and the night signals were
instantly hoisted. By 8 o'clock the squalls of wind from
W.S.W., which had been blowing all day, had increased
into a gale, and from half-past 10 it blew aperfect hurricane
which raged until nearly midnight. As stated in the des-
patch of last night, several ships put to sea yesterday
morning; one of them, a schooner, put back last night
being unable to contend with the gale. She was brought
into harbour by a powerful tug, and moored at the new quay,
but when the gale came away with such fury at about 10
o'clock she dragged hor two anchors and the powerful tug
hauling at her over a quarter of a mile towards the harbour's
mouth, and it was feared she would have drifted to sea, had
not two boats full of company boatmen put off to her assist-
ance and brought her into the Lowlights. A light vessel,
which was towing into the Tyne by two steamers, was car-
ried by the force of the gale on to the Sand Point, where
she remained until this morning. The wind being off shore,
we have no disasters to record at sea, but the vessels which
put to sea yesterday in the face of the gale will probably
drive a couple of hundred miles out of their course, for there
is no chance of their getting hold of the land this morning,
as the wind is squally and wild in the tre
exme.
CIIA.THAM, Tuesday.
The wind, which for the last two days had been blowing
a moderate gale from the south-west, increased to a hurri-
cane last night. Its violence continued from about 9 o'clock
last night till 2 this morning, when it moderated, and to-
day has been calm, with the barometer at 30.15 and still
rising. A fleet of about 100 sail, which had brought up at
the. entrance to the river, took their departure this morn-
ihnagd,
been
eo
emu e o f he m having sustained more or less damage
from having broken their moorings. A large fleet of colliers
aarnedekno
fown thisto despatch,be on their
h o,
wwe
vaeyr
,t on this irse
ppoorrttoffrom the north, .
tur great anxie is felt for their safety. Up to the depar-
ebaromtheeteer is s any casualty
tdunrr during gl
p rtohpeerptays,treceived.
week
kThe high tides which have prevailed
from
near
lowlandslimava beenMaidstone
tont:
oevr e t
or
my
tlhe destructiveoe
Nn obreo, t
hbto e aindgger
sub-
merged. -e-
-merged. The wind this is shifting to the north,
Medway,d, a st
an
bility of a frost setting in., there is every proba-
bility

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Copy of a letter from the late Colonel Hawker (the well-
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Longparish House, near Whitchurch, Hants.
Sir,—l cannot resist informing you of the extraordinary
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MONS. JULLIEN hag the honour to announce
that his PROMENADE CONCERTS will take place
Every Evening at the ARGYLL ROOMS.
The Programme will include selections and arrangements
from the works of the following masters :
MOZART, I ROSSINI, I MEYERBEER, I DONIZETTI.
A Grand Quadrille from Howard Glover's Opera, " Once
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Admission—One Shilling.
Manager, M. GRENET.

THE LONDON ANATOMICAL MUSEUM ;
innumerablecontaininga- suptehr be IWy `Ponders
executed
Naturemode Models,
and
illustratingA rt, sn
everyby
part of the Human Frame, together with a variety of highly
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it_ Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER FILLS, pre-
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The Hants Independent states that the remains
of an ancient ship are visible at low water in the river
Humble, near the village of Swan wick, and are supposed
wrecked at OW spat in Rog Alfred's time,'.
/7 records was
to be " one of a Danish fleet, which history

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THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING. JANUARY 28, 1863.

these circumstances, then, I say that the North are fighting
against slavery. It has been said, like many other calumnies,
that the North would submit to the South again to-morrow,
and that if the South would only come back they would
consent to restore the Union as it was. No party and no
man in the North has ever uttered such a sentiment as that
he would restore theUnien with the powers the slaveholders
demanded. The President would restore the Union with

limited slave power, well knowing that under such circum-
stances the scorpion slavery would shortly sting itself to
death. What they are really now fighting for is, that
slavery shall be for ever abolished in the United States.
The American Government, free from the stain of slavery,
have for the first time strung up at the yard-arm as a pirate
the captain of a slave ship, and last and greatest of all, has
come the proclamation of President Lincoln (which makes
us feel thankful to God that we live in 163), that new de-
claration of independence and the rights of men, greater, in
some respects, than that which inaugurated the republic in
1777. Look at it side by side with the proclamation which it
called forth from the Southern chivalry and Jefferson Davis.
It would seem as if the spear of Ithuriel had touched at the
same moment the two Presidents ; and they came out in
their true colours—President Lincoln with a proclamation
for the emancipation of 3,000,000 slaves, and Jefferson
Davis by hoisting the black flag, directing that all slaves
shall be relegated to their mastrs, and that the officers of
the United States' army shall be murdered. How can we
account for the phenomenon that in freedom-loving England
public opinion in certain classes should have gone so widely
astray upon this question? It must be confessed, I think,
that it is largely in consequence of the want of knowledge
natural in regard to everything which takes place 3,000 miles
off, and also to the fact that within the last 20 years we
have been placed to some extent in antagonism with Ame-
rica; but who was it that has been constantly urging on.
the people to go to war with England, to punish her in the
first place, and to divert attention from slavery at home?
Southern chivalry. Who proposed to seize Texas and bribe
the North by a seizure of Canada as a makeweight ?
Southern chivalry. Who seized negroes out of our vessels
at Charleston, and put them in prison? The Southern
chivalry. Who laid the basis of that antagonism which has
grown up between these nations ? Not the people of the
North, but Southern filibusters. Our press never pretends
to be fair in the discussion of these questions, but according
as they go in for the North or South do they villify those
they are determined to write down. Only the other day the
Times declared that there was not one word in the Bible
which could be wrested into an objection against negro
slavery. There is, indeed, a change in England from the
time when the Ironsides of England went forth to fight for
liberty with the sword in one hand, the Bible in the other.
I am happy to find that sounder opinions are gradually
making their way, and I am satisfied that better feelings
will be aroused when the question becomes to be better un-
derstood. lam not about to prophesy, but I firmly be-
lieve that success will inevitably attend the North, if it has
the courage to stand by its principles. At the same time
there must be no more Alabamas, if we wish to maintain
our self-respect or to cultivate the good feelings of the
American people. If the Alabama had been paid for by
Mexican money in order to prey upon French principals, is
there one among us who can believe that its character would
not have been detected by the British Government, and
that it would not have been stopped in its career before
many weeks had elapsed?
The hon. gentleman resumed his seat amid loud cheers,
and a vote of confidence was unanimously accorded him,
tegether with thanks for his past services in Parliament.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

Most of the old line-of-battle sailing ships, fri•
gates, and other vessels which have for years past
ben lying in what is termed the ordinary, in Chat.
ham harbour and various parts of the river, are gra.
dually disappearing, the Lords of the Admiralty
having wisely determined, instead of allowing them
to encumber the harbour and river (necessitating
the keeping np an extensive staff to guard them), to
sell those which are too rotten and unserviceable to
allow of their being again commissioned; while
those which are in a sound condition will be con-
verted into training ships for boys and lads at the
various ports, or handed over for the service of the
Coastguard. Already several of the largest and best
of the sailing ships have been sent from Chatham
to the Thames, Liverpool, Bristol, Newcastle, Hull,
and some others of our large ports, where they are
doing good service as receiving and training ships
for the volunteers connected with the naval reserve.
Yesterday the sailing frigate Active, one of the old
class of 40-gun frigates, was brought up from the
ordinary to Chatham dockyard, where she is to be
completed in her fittings by the hired shipwrights
and mechanics, and sent to Hartlepool as a training
ship. In addition to the numerous old sailing ships
which have been sold out of the service during the
past year there are several which have been sur-
veyed and are only waiting their Lordships' order
for their names to disappear from the Navy List.
Yesterday an order was received at the dockyard
directing the Terpsichore, 18-gun sloop, to be sold,
a confidential report of her value having been made
to the Admiralty. Several vessels have also been
selected from those in the Medway for the service
of the Coastguard.
Yesterday the paddlewheel steamer Adder, Mr.
Blakey, Master Commander, left Chatham, for
Shoeburyness, conveying the remaining portion of
the target prepared at Chatham Dockyard to be used
in the approaching trials of the 120-pounder Whit-
worth rifled gun against 7i-inch, 61-inch, and 51-
inch armour plates. The Adder attempted to make
the passage to Shoeburyness the previous day, but
soon after leaving harbour encountered a severe
gale, which rendered it unsafe for her to proceed,
from fear of an accident occurring to the target.
The Rhadamanthus, paddle store steamer, Master
Commander Raymond, which arrived at S pithead at
10 o'clock on Saturday evening, from Woolwich,
with a large cargo of machinery, including a heavy
deck load of boilers, experienced terrific weather on
the voyage round. Since arriving at Portsmouth
she has discharged the machinery from her hold and
her deck cargo, and has taken on board machinery
and boilers for Devonport, including two boilers on
deck for the Ocean, iron-plated frigate, each boiler
weighing 582 cwt. 2qrs. 191 b.
The Urgent, iron screw troopship, lately paid out
of commission at Portsmouth, on her return from
service in China, has been placed in dock at Ports-
mouth and her bottom found to be covered with
barnacles and other marine adhesions. The Urgent
had been previously, during the term of her com-
mission, carefully coated over her bottom with va-
rious so-called patent preservative compositions.
The result has only been to coat her bottom with
shell matter and weeds more plentifully than could
possibly have been the case without them. We have
before had occasion to remark on the apparent use-
lessness of these anti-fouling preparations, as illus-
trated by vessels docked at Portsmouth.
The Tyrian, screw gunboat, fitted with machinery
by Messrs. Maudslay, Son, and Field, commenced
her official teal of speed at Portsmouth yesterday,
and will bring them to a conclusion to-day, it being
our intention to give a report of the whole to-morrow.
The Esk, 17, screw corvette, and the Curacoa, 21,
screw frgiate, continue to absorb the entire energies
of the master-shipwright's department at Ports-
mouth yard. The first named has between 300 and
400 shipwrights employed upon her, exclusive of
other trades and labourers; and the latter is simi-
larly crowded with men. In the meantime the
Royal Sovereign and Royal Alfred, iron-cased ships,
continue in the deserted state to which we have of
late so often referred. It is understood that as soon
as the Esk and Curacoa have had their repairs and
outfit completed the Royal Sovereign and Royal
Alfred will be taken up in earnest, unless some
other exigency should arise.
The Columbine, 4, screw steam
horse power, which was taken out of
gtunvhesesefil,tt2inogo
Mc
Capt.
i n c Sandsharle s
basin at Sheerness on Wednesday last,
ra being fi
nttoed
with Lumley's patent steering apparatus, was
Friday taken to the measured mile off
for trial'. The vessel was in charge of
Wise, A.D.C., Capt. Superintendent of Sheerness
Dockyard.
As previously reported in The Sun,
the Columbine was fitted withtheordinaryreumdbdeerr
and taken out on trial on the 16th of Dec
last. The trial made on Friday was with a view to
compare the results. At the first trial with the old
rudder, at full speed, helm starboard, at an angle of
23 deg., the circle was made in 4 min. 26 sec. ; with
the new rudder, helm starboard, at an angle of 17
deg,, the circle was made in 4 rain. 10 sec. At the

now come to by far the most important question that Eng
lishmen can discuss at the present moment—one that in
eludes within itself the questions of democracy and aristo
cracy, of freedom and slavery, of retrogression (I progress
the question of the great war which is now desolating
the United States of America. The first thing at occurs
to us in discussing this great question is—what a frightful
war this is, how awful in its results, how destructive and
demoralising in its tendency. That has been said so much,
that I will not repeat it now. This, however, I will say,
that dreadful as is war, there are things more dreadful than
war, things more immoral, more terrible, and more degrad-
ing.
i
The war in the United States, dreadful as t is,is, in
my opinion, a light infliction compared with the alternative
that the free North should join in subjecting themselves
openly to the coercion of the South in regard to slavery.
(Hear.) I may compare the present position of the North
to that of a territory visited by a tornado. The hurricane
levels the works of man, and spreads waste where there has
been fertility before, but when it is all over the air is
fresher, and sweeter, and purer—(cheers)—and we shall
see, I hope, that when the tornado of war shall have passed
away from America, the accursed barque of slavery has
sunk for ever beneath it. (Hear, hear.) The first thing I
have to show is that this war is not a chance occurrence.
It was in the nature of things inevitable and unavoidable.
It might havo been postponed for a year, or it might have
been antedated by a year, but it would have come at last
as surely as slavery and freedom cannot co-exist within the
same bounds. When the fathers of the United States
separated themselves from England, slavery, our bequest
to them, I am sorry to say, existed in North America ; it
is a great mistake to say that they upheld or defended it.
The great men of that period, Washington, Jefferson,
Maddison, and others, regarded it as an enormous evil, and
though they hardly foresaw how to cut it off, they pro-
bably foresaw that as the country rose in power and popu-
lation it would cease to be economical to use slave labour,
and that so the thing might die out. They thought they
had only a tumour, which in the course of time would be
absorbed in the system ; they did not know that planted
there was a fearful cancer, which must either destroy their
life or be extirpated. (Hear, hear.) But in calculating on
economical reasons for the destruction of slavery they forgot
the moral element that slavery produces. Slavery in the
Southern States has produced an oligarchy such as we in
this country have no idea of. Yon may call it a republic if
you will, but it is an oligarchy of the very worst description,
an oligarchy of 30,000 or 40,000 of slaveholders, or 4,000,000
of slaves compelled to toil for their livelihood,and of 6,000,000
or 6,000,000 of what are called mean whites, who are brought
up by the condition of things, and taught by the very neces-
sities of the case, that labour is a degradation. They there-
fore cannot labour, and they lead the life of wild, roving,
reckless filibusters. (Hear, hear.) That is the condition of
things which has grown up and which maintains itself after
the economical question passed away, and it is that which has
brought the free men of the North face to face with slavery
now. The South wishes to cling to that which gave it
territorial possession and dignity. You must remember that
the slavery of America is of all slaveries which have disgraced
the world the vilest and the worst. The old slavery of
classic times was nothing to it—the slavery of the serf of
Russia was nothing to it. In the Southern States of America
the slaves would be an element of continual danger and in-
surrection if they were not, like the beasts of the field, de-
prived of all the means of education, and crushed down to
the lowest type humanity would admit of, in order that they
should not rebel successfully. (Cheers.) But slavery must
extend itself or die. The uneducated masses of slaves can-
not be employed in any kind of labour that requires intel-
lect or education—they cannot be made to work at all ex-
cept under the supervision of the overseer or under the lash
of the whip. It is only the rudest and most elementary
s 3 stem of agriculture that can flourish at their hands.
They rapidly, by the rough process they follow, exhaust the
soil, and they are carried cff to other tracts farther to
the west and south to follow the same course.
(Hear, hear.) The North made itself a shameful partner
in the guilt of slavery for the sake of preserving the Union
by allowing the infamous Fugitive Slave Bill to pass, by
which masters in one state have power to claim by law the
redemption of slaves in another. What is it the North is
fighting for? It is that slavery shall not extend itself. No
sooner was President Lincoln elected than the slaveholding
South, finding itself no longer predominant in the Union,
and that slavery was destined to ultimate destruction, rose
in. Amu aptast the government of the United States. Under

///~ ~ .I ~ /~ / r
/ r~

&/.

€.I
4.--:----; -----"7' e'::2- _ ;---e__ -'''L..7i
- I

PRICE..... —..4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

regard to the cooking arraugeinenta. The vsay sa
which this is proposed to be accomplished is to
erect an oven about four feet forward of the ship's
coppers, the oven to be, for a crew of 300 men,
five feet high and wide, and two feet in depth.
This oven will contain four shelves of wire
trays, so as to equalise the heat from top to
bottom, which would receive the men's mess-dishes
containiug their fresh meat and potatoes. A jacket,
or flue, encircles the oven from a small fire under-
neath, the smoke being carried off by a funnel com-
municating with the larger funnel of the galley.
This oven would bake dinners for the whole crew of
300 men. Again, take the instance of a ship on a
foreign station, say the Pacific, in which the hiseuit
runs short. Barrels of American flour, the best
bread making flour in the world, can always be ob-
tained in any quantity and at moderate cost. The
supplementary oven would, therefore, under such
circumstances, afford a means of giving a ship's com-
pany good, wholesome, fresh bread every day, in
lieu of the unwholesome biscuit to be allow( don the
spot, on which they must be otherwise fed. The
exact difference between soft, fresh bread and rotten
or flinty biscuit on a distant station like the Pacific
can only be realised by those who have served in
such latitudes. In addition, however, to providing
our ships' crews with the means of baking as well
as boiling their fresh beef; and with fresh, soft
bread, when necessary, on a foreign station, the pro-
posed scheme goes still further. It is proposed that
the men shall be allowed not the 11b, of potatoes of
the convict, weighed after boiling, but half a pound
I of potatoes with his fresh meat, in addition to his
half pound of shreds of vegetables for soup, and that
mutton should be supplied on certain days in har-
bour in lieu of beef. It is estimated that the cost
of this additional allowance of potatoes, and the oc-
casional substitution of mutton for beef, would in-
crease the cost of victualling our seamen and marines
about Bs. per head per annum—a mere bagatelle, if
we even put the question of the men's comfort and
enjoyment aside, and look upon it from a merely
sanitary point of view. The cost of a supplemen-
tary oven which would bake sufficient bread and
the dinners daily for 300 men would not exceed
£35. If, however, the present Board carries out the
proposed plan for improving the supply and cook-
ing of provisions for the crews of her Majesty's
ships, they will do more to render the Royal Naval
service popular with seaman than has been done by
any previous measure.

second trial, with the old rudder, from dead stop,
helm starboard, at an angle of 351 deg., the circle
was made in 4 min. 30 sec.; with the new rudder,
at an angle of 30 deg., the circle was made in 4
min. 15 see. At the third trial with the old rud-
der, at full speed, helm port, at an angle of 18'
deg., the circle was made in 5 min. 5 sec. ; with
the new rudder at an angle of 18 deg. the circle
was made in 4 min. 10 sec. At the fourth trial with
the old rudder, from dead stop, helm port, at an
angle of 32 deg., which fell off to 27 deg., the circle
was made in 4 min. 28 sec.; with the new rudder,
at an angle of 30 deg., which fell off to 26 deg., the
circle was turned in 4 min. 20 see. At the fifth
trial, with the old rudder, at full speed, helm star-
board, at an angle of 11 deg., the circle was made in
7 min. 48 sec. ; with the new rudder, at an angle
of 10 deg., the circle was made in 5 min. 40 sec. At
a similar trial with the old rudder, with the helm
to port, the circle was made in 7 min. 20 sec., and
with the new rudder in 6 min. 40 sec. The com-
parative diameters of circles were—Second trial,
with old rudder, 818 ft. ; new rudder, 625 ft. Third
trial, old rudder, 1,450 ft. ; new rudder, 782 ft.
Fourth trial, old rudder, 551 ft. ; new rudder, 291 ft.
Fifth trial, old rudder, 673 ft. ; new rudder, 468 ft.
When testing the power of the old rudder the trial
was made on a calm day, and with little or no
wind. The trial of Lumley's rudder on Friday was
made in a heavy sea, with a heavy gale of wind
blowing from S.S.W., the force of wind being from
7 to 8. Capt. Wise, with a wish to test the strength
of the new rudder in the most efficient manner pos-
sible, turned the Columbine's stern up to the wind
in the teeth of the gale then blowing and against
the heavy sea, and directed the ship to be steamed
astern full speed, which the rudder answered in a
most admirable manner, proving the strength and
efficiency of the invention when applied to heavy
and powerful vessels, and under the most unfavour'
able circumstances. The most marked improvement
was evident when the small helm was given, such
as 11 to 12 deg., the Lumley rudder then gaining
as much as two minutes in describing the circle
over the old rudder. The diameters of the circles—
the true test of the efficiency of a rudder—were
found to be in some cases as much as 50 per cent, in
favour of the Lumley invention. The trial was
considered most satisfactory.
The whole of the joiners and smiths ordered to be
entered at Chatham dockyard have been obtained,
but shipwrights are still required.
The following appointments have been made at
the Admiralty :—Augustus W. Benvon, Charles P.
G. Hicks, Alric F. Grant, Godfrey W. M. Eliot,
William F. E. Freeland, Cecil G. Horne, George R.
C. Eyres, Robert H. Ramsden, and George S. Dea-
con, midshipmen, to the Revenge ; George March,
master, to the Edgar ; John P. P. Warren, master,
to the Marlborough; Dr. Edward Heath, surgeon,
to the Dauntless ; the Rev. Edward Pemberton,
chaplain, has been selected to perform the duties of
chaplain of the Asia, temporarily, until another
chaplain is appointed; George Woodridge, assist.-
' paymaster, to the Colossus ; Richard H. Byron,
midshipman, to the Narcissus; Stuart Banks Ru-
pell has been nominated to a naval cadetship ; E.
R. Brown, Harry H. S. Andrews, Edw. F. Dixon,
and K. M'Kenzie, assist-clerks, to the Marlborough.

Cooking for the Navy.

RAILWAYS AND OTHER COMPANIES.

While everything connected with the construe-

NORTH STAFFORDSHIRE.

It appears that, subject to the audit now in pro-
gress, the dividend for the half-year ending the 31st
of December will be at the rate of 31 per cent.,
carrying over a balance of £3,500.

tion, rig, and ornament of our ships of war is in a
state of revision, it is but just to the crews of those
ships that the system of victualling should also be
revised, old rules swept away, and the whole sys-
tem based on-principles in accordance with modern
ideas. We are much pleased to find that a step in

this direction is about to be taken by the Admiralty
with reference to victualling the seamen and ma-
rines of our fleets, and to which we are about to re-

fer. Before doing so we must call attention to the
present system, so far as relates to meat and vege-
tables, and contrast it with that carried out with
regard to prisoners undergoing penal servitude. In
drawing the contrast there is not the slightest in-
tention to throw blame on the present or late Boards
of Admiralty ; on the contrary, great praise is due
to the present Board for the steps they have already
taken to do away with this reproach, and still
greater praise will be accorded them if they carry
out the proposed scheme. Our seamen and marines
are now fed exclusively upon beef and pork—
that is, they can have boiled salt beef, boiled
fresh beef, and bailed salt pork, but all must be
boiled in the ship's coppers. From the date of a
ship's commission to her paying off there is there-
fore nothing but " boil." There is a chance,
certainly, of a mess obtaining a baked dinner of
fresh meat when in harbour about once a fortnight,
but from the small amount of oven accommodation
in the cooking galleys fitted on board our ships this
treat cannot be obtained oftener than the time stated,
as the use of the existing ovens is chiefly monopo-
lised for the messes of the ship's officers. Taking
the average of ships in commission, it will be found
that nine out of the twelve months of the year are
passed in harbour, and during this harbour period
fresh beef is served out to the crews five days out of
seven. The meat is weighed out and cut up into
junks under proper supervision, and handed over to
the ship's cook, who bundles it, according to old
usage, into the ship's coppers with a small quantity
of vegetables, and boils the whole until reduced to
a kind of soup that would be uneatable were it not
for the few vegetables in it. The meat is at the
same time transformed into a pulpy, stringy sub-
stance which is no longer nutritious. Fresh beef
soup, with a few shreds of vegetables, is a capital
thing in its way, but if people on shore were com-
pelled to live on it, with nothing for a change but
boiled salt beef or boiled salt pork, the chances are
that they would soon pray heartily for a changes of
diet. The allowance by Admiralty regulation of
vegetables on fresh-beef days to seamen and marines
is half a pound of mixed vegetables per man. In tak-
ing up these vegetables potatoes are generally re-
fused, for two reasons—first, that a good sized
potato would weigh the half pound; and, secondly,
that a handkerchief full of biscuit can always be
exchanged for a net of potatoes in some boat along-
side. Now, prisoners undergoing penal servitude,
say for six years, in one of our outport prisons, for
the first four years of their servitude are fed on
boiled meats and soups. As their constitutions, how-
ever, might be possibly injured if such a course of
treatment were long persisted in, they, during the
last two years, get baked beef or mutton two days'
in the week. They are allowed the same quantity
of vegetables for soup that seamen and marinesddiroen-
ceive—viz., half a pound per day ; huta, in
addition
to this, and, therefore, in excess of w
h a
co is
allowed
nvict also
to the crews of her Majesty's ships,
receives daily 11b. of potatoes, weighed after they
have been boiled. Such are contrasted parts of the
existing systems of victualling, the men trained and
trusted to fight their country s battles and the
of things,
Con-
victed felon. To remedy this state and
give a greater variety to the seaman's dinner, a plan
has been submitted for the consideration of the
Lords of the Admiralty by an officer of considerable
standing in the Victualling
Department, which has
Lordships,
been most favourably received by their
who have, we believe, issued orders for its imme-
diate trial on board one of the ships in the home
ports; and most probably the Hannibal, screw
liner
at Portsmouth, selected as a depot ship for the
reception of seamen returning to the port from
leave, will be fitted on the proposed plan, in order
that it may be fully tested and reported upon by the
Staff of the Port Admiral. The cost of the existing
cooking galleys on board a first-class ship is to the
Admiralty about £l,OOO each. It is, therefore,
evident that an immense plant of such material is
on hand, which can only at enormous expense be
superseded by any other form of galley. If the
present galley can have its oven accommodation in-
creased, it being efficient in all other respects, this
supplementary aid is all that is required with