The Sun.
London, England, 1863-06-18 00:00:00

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EARL RUSSELL TO MR, ELIOT

PkiUE
.4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

Fcreign•office, June 6.
Sir,---I enclose a correspondence which has lately passed
between the Commander Moreir a, Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary from his Majesty the Emperor of
Brazil, and me.*

Duke," and "The Sheriffs of London and Middie-
sex."

You will perceive that M. de Moreira has broken off his
diplomatic relations, not on the ground of the orders given
byherMajeF•ty 'a Government in Oct ober last to her Majesty's
Envoy and to the Admiral commanding her AI ajeF;ty's naval
forces on the Brazilian station to have recourse to reprisals
if certain demands of her Alpjesty's Government were no t
complied wish, but on account of the manner in which these
orders were executed.

Lord RUSSELL proposed in very happy terms
" The Health of the Llely Mayoress:'

The toast was drunk with enthusiasm.

The dinner and wines were supplied by Messrs.
Staples, of the Albion. The hand of the Coldstream
Guards played during dinner, and in the course of
the evening there was a selection of vocal mule,
under the direction of Mr. J. L. Hatton, assisted by
Mrs. Harriette Leo and Mr. John Morgan. Mr.
Harker officiated as toastmaster with his usual
spirit.

Put on examination Ina. Majesty's Government c uld not
find any ground for blaming either hr Mnjesty's repr,sen-
tative in Bri,zil or her Majesty's Admiral in the Brnzilian
waters for the mode in which the instructions they had re.
ceiwd were executed.

The orders for reprisals were not given till full time had
been allowed for the Brazilian Government to weigh seri-
ously the consequences of a refusal to comply with the very
moderate and reasonable demands of her Majesty's Govern-
ment ; and when those reprisals were executed care was
taken to avoid any collision and all risk of bloodshed in the
performance of a painful duty.
The sole object of her Majesty's Government bas been
to obtain some security for the lives and properties of hor
Majesty's subjects who may have the misfortune to be ship-
wrecked on the coast of Brazil, and to insure due respect to
the persons of her Majesty's naval officers on Brazilian ter-
ritory.

Correspondence on the American Question.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES.

Sir,—As part of the political history of the times,
the correspondence transmitted herewith may have
sufficient significance to call for its publication.

I submit it to you accordingly for a place in your
columns.
I am, Sir, very respectfully, your obedient ser-
vant, J. M. MASON.
24, Upper Seymour-street, Portman-square,
June 27, 1863.

If in the course of these proceedings it has been found ne-
cessary to enforce the capture of Brazilian ships in Brazilian
waters, such necessity has been the motive and limit of the
action of her Majesty's diplomatic and naval authorities.
But as the Brazilian Government has misunderstood the
motives of her Majesty's Government, and has broken off
relations, you are directed to ask for passports for yourself
and the gentlemen attached to her Majesty's Mission, and
to leave Brazil. You will place the archives in the care of
her Majesy's Consul, Mr. Westwood.
I wish that I could add that in every other respect, ex-
cept in the recent matters of dispute,her Majesty's Govern-
ment had reason to be satisfied with the friendly and cour-
teous conduct of the Brazilian Government. It is, however,
notorious that the Government of Brazil has for a long
course of time habitually disregarded the representations
made to it by her Majesty's diplomatic agents in Brazil—
and as one instance of this, among others, it may be men-
tioned that six notes addressed to the Brazilian Govern-
ment between the 19th of Decsmh-r, 1860, and the 17th of
April, 1862, have remained, if not unnoticed, at sll events
without satisfactory answers. Theie notes, written under
instructions from her Majesty's Government, asked the
Brazilian Government for returns as to the number and
explanations as to the condition of some thousands of
negroes captured in slave trading vessels, and decreed many
years ago by the Mixed Commission at Rio to be entitled to
freedom, but who, there is good reason to believe, are up
to the present time held in bondage, contrary to law and
in violation of treaty engagements.

" Aubrey-house, Notting-hill, London, W.,
June 10, 1863.
" Sir,—l have authority to make the following
proposition on behalf of the leading Anti-slavery
men of America, who have sent me to this country.
"If the States calling themselves The Confede-
rate States of America' will consent to emancipate
the negro slaves in those States, such emancipation
to be guaranteed by a liberal European commission,
the emancipation to be inaugurated at once, and
such time to be allowed for its completion as the
commission shall adjudge to be necessary and just,
and such emancipation once made to be irrevocable
—then the Abolitionists and Anti-slavery leaders
of the Northern States shall immediately oppose the
prosecution of the war on the part of the United
States' Government, and, since they hold the
balance of power, will certainly cause the war to
cease by the immediate withdrawal of every kind cf
support from it.

" I know that the ultimate decision upon so grave
a proposition may require some time; but mean-
while 1 beg to be informed at your early convenience
whether you will personally lend your influence in
favour of a restoration of peace and the independ-
ence of the South upon the simple basis of the
emancipation of the slaves.

may also refer to Mr. Christie's note to M. d'Abrantes
of the 12th of February last, in which, in obedience to in-
structions from her Majesty's Government, he called the
attention of the Brazilian Government to the various com-
munications which he had addressed to the Brazilian Go-
vernment, and which remained unanswered, and claimed for
all the Africans who had been liberated by the late Mixed
Commission Court unconditional freedom.

" Any guarantee of my own responsibility and
my right to make this offer shall be forthcoming.
I am, Sir, yours, &c.,
Ii MON CUBE D. CONWAY."
" J. M. Mason, Esq."

To this note, it is true, a reply was returned by the Bra-
zilian Government, but M. d'Abrantes' note of the 28th of
February cannot, under the circumstances, and taking into
account previous delays, be considered as satisfactory. In
this note M. d'Abrantes states that the Brazilian Govern-
ment were studying with earnestness and solicitude the
question as to the free Africans, in order to proceed with
such discretion and prudence as the case required. But the
result is that her Majesty's Government are as far as ever
from receiving the information repeatedly asked for, and
which their treaty engagements in favour of the liberated
Africans justify them in demanding.
It is, moreover, not out of place on the present occasion
to refer to the position of the claims which it was originally
proposed should be referred for settlement to the late Mixed
Commission.

" 24, Upper Seymour-street, Portman-square,
June 11, 1863.
" Sir,--I have your note of yesterday. The
proposition it contains is certainly worthy of the
gravest consideration, provided it is made under a
proper responsibility. Yet you must be aware that,
while you know folly the representative position I
occupy, I have not the like assurance as regards
yourself.

" If you think proper, therefore, to communicate
to me who those are on whose behalf and authority
you make the proposition referred to, with the evi-
dence of your right to make this offer,' I will at
once give you my reply, the character of which,
however, must depend on what I may learn of your
authority in the premises.
" I am Sir, your obedient servant,

That commission was appointed with a view to withdraw
from diplomatic negotiation the private claims of the sub-
jects of either Government as against the other. The ad-
vantage of such a tribunal was manifest, and the appoint-
ment of a Mixed Commission appeared the best means of
relieving the two Governments from prolonged and embar-
rassing discussion. It was therefore with great regret that
her Majesty's Government found that a conflicting inter-
pretation of the terms of the convention by which the com-
mission was constituted became an insuperable bar to the
further labours of the commission, which subsequently
lapsed according to the terms of the convention.
Her Majesty's Government could but regret this un-
expected result. But the interpretation which the Bra-
zilian Government attached to the convention was
wholly inconsistent with the well-known policy of Great
Britain, and was one which could not have been admitted
by her Majesty's Government without a practical reversal
of decisions already made known by them to the Brazilian
Government.

" J. M. MASON.

'' Moncure D. Conway, Esq."

" Aubrey-house, Notting-hill, W., June 16.

" Sir,—Your note of the 11th has been received

" I could easily give you the evidence that I re-
present the views of the leading Abolitionists of
America, but with regard to the special offer which
I have made I have concluded that it was best to
write out to America and obtain the evidence of my
right to make it in a form which will preclude any
doubt es to its sufficiency.
"I shall then address you again on the subject.
" I am, &c.,
" MONCURE D. CONWAY.
" J. M. Mason, Esq."

But what course was adopted by her Majesty's Govern-
ment under these circumstances ? In Mr. Christie's note of
the 14th April, 1862, the Brazilian Government were in-
formed that her Majesty's Government were willing to con-
clude a convention for the establishment of a new commis-
sion empowered to discuss all claims except those which
occasioned the difficulties which proved fatal to the late
commission; and the proposal thus made by her Majesty's
Gevernment was in strict conformity with the line which,
both with a view to mutual advantage and to the preserva-
tion of friendly relations, they had hitherto pursued in this
matter.

" 24, Upper Seymour-street, Portman-square,

June 17, 1863.

" Sir,—l have received your note of yesterday.

" You need not write to America to ' obtain the
evidenee' of your right to treat on the matter it
imports. Our correspondence closes with this
reply. It was your pleasure to commence it, it is
rr ine to terminate it.

Her Majesty's Government under these circumstances
are fully justified in complaining that up to this time they
are still left without a reply to the proposals conveyed in
Mr. Christie's note of the 14th April, 1862, and that no
steps appear to have been taken for the just settlement of
various British claims, some of them of long standing and
of very considerable amount.
Her Majesty's Government therefore hope that the Go-
♦ernment of Brazil will in its future intercourse with Great
Britain, through whatever channel that intercourse may be
carried on, act with that courtesy which is usual between
Governments ; and also that the Brazilian Government will
without further delay frankly enter into the communication
of their views as to the means by which a settlement of the
long-pending claims may best be arrived at.
You will send a copy of this despatch to the Marquis
d'Abrantes, at the same time that you demand your pass-
ports, expressing the regret of her Majesty's Government at
this temporary suspension of diplomatic intercourse.—l
am, &c.,
RUSSELL,

" I desired to know who they were who were re
sponsible for your mission to England, as you
present it ; and who were to confirm the treaty you
proposed to make for arresting the war in Ame-
rica, on the basis of a separation of the States,
with or without the sanction of their Government.
But such information is of the less value now, as
I find from an advertisement in the journals of
the day that you have brought to England
letters of sufficient credit from those who sent you
to invite a public meeting in London, under the
sanction of a member of Parliament, who was
to preside, to hear an address from you on the sub-
ject of your mission, with the promise of a like ad-
dress from him.

" This correspondence shall go to the public, and
will find its way to the country, a class of the citi-
zens of which you claim to represent. It will, per-
haps, interest the Government and the troi-disant
loyal men' there to know, under the sanction of
your name, that the leading Anti-slavery men in
America' are prepared to negotiate with the autho-
rities of the Confederate States for a restoration
of peace and the independence of the South on a
pledge that the Abolitionists and Anti-slavery
leaders of the Northern States shall immediately
oppose the further prosecution of the war on the
part of the United States Government, and since
they hold the balance of power will certainly cause
the war to cease by the immediate withdrawal of
every kind of support from it.'
" As some reward, however, for this interesting
disclosure, your inquiry whether the Confederate
States will consent to emancipation on the terms
stated shall not go wholly unanswered. You may
be assured, then, and perhaps it may be of value to
your constituents to assure them, that the Northern
States will never be in relations to put this question b
to the South, nor will the Southern States ever e
in a position requiring them to
"iI am, Sir, your obedena
J servan ,
. M. MASON.
" Moncure D. Conway, Esq. give an answer.

* M. Moreira, May 5; to M. Moreira, May 19; M. Moreira,
May 25 ; to M. Moreira, May 28. See " Correspondence
with the Minister of Brazil regarding the satisfaction de-
manded by the Brazilian Government for the late reprisals,"
recently laid before Parliament.

.—Observations taken at
LARGE FALL OF
he total amount for the 10 days is
since the 4th June, and t
3.366 inches. This fall
Clifton show that rain has there on every day
will be better understoodingno bleyssththe onsideracnation that iis at
quite unusual, be
the rate of about 123 inches in a year, our average fall
being 31 inches.
Is,oN SHIPBUILDING ON THE THAMES. —The
launch of the London and South-Western Railway
company's new iron paddlewheel steamship Normandy took
place yesterday at Messrs. James Ash and Co.'s yard, in the
Isle of Dogs. The ceremony of christening was pert' ruled
by Miss Amy Dutton, daughter of the Hon. Ralph Dutton,
chairman of the company. The launch was highly success-
ful. When it was over the vessel was taken in tow, and
brought round into Mr. J. Stewart's yard, to be fitted
with her machinery of 225-horse power. The engines
will be supplied with improved surface condensers, ar-
ranged with separate cylinders, so that a vacuum can
be maintained without the assistance of the main
engines, which are solely employed to propel the vessel.
The boilers are of large size, fitted with brass tubes, the
whole of which are of the feathering description, fitted
with wood bushes, and also with the peculiar link motion
applied to work the slide valves, so as to enable one man
to start or stop the engines without difficulty. The principal
dimensions of the Normandy are :—Length between per-
pendiculars, 2101 t. ; breadth for tonnage, 24ft. ; depth in
hold, 14ft. The Normandy is the third iron vessel launched
within a few months from the same yard.

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