The Sun.
London, England, 1863-03-02 00:00:00

FREE NEGROES IN NORTH AMERICA-

The city of Philadelphia contains the largest of
free negro populations, and the statistical literature
of pro-slavery abounds with allusions to the ignor-
ance, beggary, and vice of its coloured classes. In
1848 some street rioting occurred in a quarter of
the city called Moyamensing, between the lower
grade of whites and the depraved blacks. The latter
were beaten, their houses burned, and their leaders
slain. This is the only event in the history of the
municipality which has called for the interposition
of the law in favour of the negroes, and the whole
affray resulted less from their lawlessness than the
envy of the white rabble, who feared their aug-
menting numbers and influence. Two cases of
turbulence, on the remanding of coloured citizens,
under the Fugitive Slave Law, have since been
chronicled, and it is an evidence of the prosperity
of the coloured element that they subscribed three
thousand dollars to " bail" and defend their breth-
ren, arrested while attempting rescues. In 186'2,
the Press newspaper, Philadelphia, published some
observations made by its city editor upon the
negro population. Twenty thousand of the seventy
thousand blacks resident in Pennsylvania were
located in the city, and these owned property to
the amount of four millions of dollars; three
churches and schools were valued at four hundred
thousand dollars ; they had twenty beneficial associ-
ations and four literary societies, while physicians
of their own race engrossed the larger share of
medical practice among them. The transcript of
these statistics admitted also that the negroes of
Philadelphiathose
o of
w
other
Ne roe
~ t
hleersns favourably
cities.
T
hesyithuaadtedgretahtaenr
social disadvantages, because the city had been in
great part peopled from the South, and avenues to
employment were in the main closed against them.
Public conveyances were not allowed to carry them
the streets, and on the rural railways
tthhgheryouwere partitioned off to a foul apartment of the
smoking car; at theatres, concerts, lectures, and
churches, they were restricted to remote galleries.
If a master mechanic employed them his white
employes threw up their tools and refused to work.
The trade unions forbade capitalists to receive
them upon indenture; the professions
would
admit them even to the outer courts. In
a notword,
they were ostracised from all those pursuits and
places which are necessary to develope the facul-
ties and energies of the individual, and yet they
have been law-abiding, have increased in wealth,
and have made no appeals save through their good
actions for the charity or forbearance of their paler
fellow -men ,—Social Science Review.

Importing Tea without colour on the leaf pre-
vents the Chinese passing off inferior leaves as in the usual
kinds. Horniman's Tea is uncoloured, therefore, always
good taike. Sold in packets by 2,280 agents
TIIE CONSUMPTION OF MALT.—From two returns
just published we are enabled to state the quantity
of malt made and used last year—between Oct. 1, 1861, and
Oct. 1, 1862—in Great Britain and Ireland. The total
made was 5,662,802 quarters, of which 5,139,771 were
charged with duty, and 523,031 were free of duty for dis-
tilling purposes and exportation. The quantity used was
4,943,934, as follows, by brewers, 3,647,034 , by victuallers,
906,537; and by retail brewers, 390,363. The proportions
made by the different countries were—England, 4,741,071;
Scotland, 607,472 ; and Ireland, 304,559. But, on the
other hand, while Ireland used nearly all her manufacture,
or 301,559 qrs., Scotland only used about a third or 199,907.
England used 4,439,468. During the same year there was
made in bond for distillation 3,984,002 bushels; for expor-
tation, 200,2:50; and allowed a drawback of duty for expor-
tation, 201,743,