The Sun.
London, England, 1863-06-19 00:00:00

MOORS BROTHERS, 35, London-bridge, City, E.C.

LUXURIANT WHISKERS, Moustaches, and
Eyebrows produced in a few weeks by the use of
ELLIOTT'S TONIC LOTION, the stimulative properties
of which are unfailing in their operation. Thomas Elliott
invites a trial from the most sceptical, that they may be con-
vinced of its infallible power. Price 3s. 611., ss. 6d., 10s. 6d.,
and 21s. Forwarded on receipt of postage stamps.—Thomas
Elliott, hairgrower (first floor), 51, Fenchurch-street. T. E.'s
wigs. £1 10s.

ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road
in the immediate vicinity of the Great Northern Ran.
way Terminus, at Eing's-cross.

Patron—The QUEEN.
President—The Duke of BUCCLEUCIT, K.
G.
Masterman, Esq.
G.
This was the first hospital to introduce the principle of free
and instant admission to the destitute sick, without the for-
mality of governors' letters. It is entirely devoted todesti-
tution in its most pitiable form—viz., that which is accom-
panied by sickness and disease, and is now of sufficientn
magnitude that, with adequate support, it may be rendered
capable of admitting into its wards a very large proportion of
the casual sick of this great metropolis. It requires but the
funds in order to have 500 beds available for the reception of
these the most wretched of our fellow-creatures. Moreover,
it gratuitously affords medical advice and medicine to more,
on the average, than 3,000 out-patients a week.
The Weekly Board feel it their imperative duty to make an
EARNEST APPEAL to the public for continued supper,
to enable them to admit and relieve the distressing cases that
daily present themselves.
Contributions are received by the Treasurer, Edward
Maaterman, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and
Co. ; Drummond and Co. ; Herries and Co. ; Ransom and
Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Cm. ; Giyn
andan aCtot.h;e liJonooepsitaLoL.yd and Co. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denison
and Co. ; Waliaras, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and
Co.
the
and Co ; Messrs. J. Earned and Co., Liverpool
STANFORD B. SMITE, Secretary.

The annual regatta by the officers of the Royal
Engineers, at headquarters, Chatham, took place
yesterday, in the Medway, near Rochester-bridge,
in the presence of a large number of spectators.
The following appointments were made at the Admiralty
yesterday :

Alfred G. Hill, assistant-clerk, additional, to the Edgar.
W. F. Banbury, do., do.
Russell Osborn, do., to the Fisgard.
C. K. Maloney, do., do.
Cecil Reid, do., supernumerary, to the Royal Adelaide.

Edward G. Whitemore, do., do.
H. W. Paul, do., additional to the Indus.
William H. Fox, do., to the Majestic.

THE ARMY.

The detachment of the Ist division of the Depot
Brigade, Royal Artillery, under the command of
Capt. Heatharn, having completed its course of in-
btruction at the School of Gunnery, Shoeburyness,
has rfjoined headquarters, prior to the officers and
men embarking for India.
uThe
a rte
rsElizabethd battalion
18nn e
t h BrightßoyalI
Irish
swith n the -
board,
en
route for New Zealand, which sailed from Ports-
mouth on April 1, wns spoken by a homeward
bound ship on May 2 in lat. 4.37 N. lon. 23 8 W.
All had gone on well, though the ship was much
crowded, and the heat great. The ship was a good
sailer, often making 13 knots. They expected to
reach their destination about the beginning
of July.
In consequence of the service companies of the

With the exception of testing the facility with
which the machinery could be worked in answer to
the engine-room telegraph, the ship's official trials
were now concluded, and these closing tests gave
their returns as follows :—Engines stopped dead,
from time of moving telegraph hand, in 55 secs.;
engines working astern at full speed from rest, do.,
in 18 secs.; engines from full speed astern to full
speed ahead, from do., in 13 secs.
The " indicated" horse-power of the Royal Oak
on her full boiler power trial of speed at the mea-
sured mile on Monday was 3,704 horses, and on her
four boiler power trial (two-thirds of her boiler
power), 2,998 horses.
It is a remarkable fact that the Royal Oak's trial
of speed at Portsmouth, with all her guns, stores,
provisions, Sze., on board,—in fact, ready for sea,
should have exceeded in speed that obtained in her
light-draught full-power trial off the Maplin Sands;
yet such is the case. At Portsmouth she drew 23ft.
Bin. forward, and 25ft. 7in. aft. Off the Maplin
Sands she drew only 20ft. 4in. forward, and 23ft.
lin. aft. This gives a difference of about 900 tons
in the ship's displacement, and yet a greater speed
was obtained by the assistance only of a few pounds
of steam, for herein lay the secret.
The Royal Oak must be considered entirely suc-
cessful on all points of steaming and steering, and
will furnish Lord Clarence Paget with a strong
argument in his place in the House of Commons in
favour of Admiralty shipbuilding. It is an undeni-
able result of the ship's three days' trials that she
is, taking into calculation ber engine-power and
displacement, the fastest ship in the English Navy,
and in her steering capabilities cannot be approached
by any vessel the Admiralty have on their list above
the size of a gunboat. Her circles completed at full
power in 5 degs. 27 min. and 9 a
-egs. 231 min. re-
spectively show, considering the vessel's size and
length, wonderful powers of turning in obedience
to her helm. In her feats of speed the results
obtained in her "one-third" and " two-thirds"
boiler-power trials are equally satisfactory with
the results obtained with her full power of
six boilers. The vibration experienced during the
trials was more than is experienced on board
either of the four iron ships, bat it was much
—.am' much less than would have been experi-
enced on board a wooden frigate during trial.
What motion there was experienced was lateral. At
the close of the trials, on anchoring at Spithead, the
lower portsills were, amidships, Bft. 3in, from the
water-line. The guns on the main deck are dis-
tributed in the following order :-24 96 cwt. 68-
pounder solid shot guns, and eight 110-pounder
Armstrong—the latter placed on the bows and
quarters.
It is impossible to close the notice of the trials of
the Royal Oak without referring to a required

The party next visited Exeter, the College of the
Vice-Chancellor, Dr. Lightfoot, where they spent a
long time in the exquisite chapel built from the de-
signs of Mr. Scott, and much resembling in style
and proportions the Sainte Chapelle of Paris. In
this a stay of some minutes was made, and then
across the courtyard to the Bodleian Library, where
the Princess was shown the veritable lantern taken

from Guy Fawkes's hand at the time of his
capture—a large, rusty, old-fashioned piece of
ironwork, which lies side by side with the por-
traits of the chief conspirators in that most
radical attempt to reform the Constitution.
The chair made from the oaken timbers of the ship
in which Drake first circumnavigated the world
was also duly pointed out, and the visitors walked
some time in this fine old library, admiring its
curious collection of pictures and the huge piles of
volumes which almost seem to form its walls.
Perhaps, however, the most interesting visit of
the day was that which was next paid to the
.or
New, ,
as it is often called, the Acland Museum, the Regius
Professor of Medicine having by his exertions con-
tributed materially to its first establishment and sub-
sequent success. The good taste of the Gothic
style in which the structure is built has scarcely
yet ceased to be matter of controversy, but there
can be no question that it forms a picturesque
addition to the public buildings of this
monumental city. A pleasing feature of the in-
ternal decoration, which the Royal visitors did not
omit to observe, is the employment of wrought-iron
ornaments of rare artistic merit both in design and
execution. The capitals of the pillars and apandrils
of the arches which support the roof are of this

TIMES.—It is singularly difficult to speculate on.
American politics or to forecast events from reports
of American opiuion, but there is a certain character
about the recent proceedings at New York which
induces us to attach unusual importance to them.
It is not now for the first time that mention is made
of peace, or that a peace party has raised its voice
in the North-Eastern States. We recollect how the
Democrats commenced a manifestation of this kind
some few months ago, and how abortively it termi-
nated. We have been repeatedly assured that the
North-West was seething with disaffection, and
that it might be expected at any moment to make
peace on its own account, but all its agitations have
hitherto ended in quiescence. It is possible enough,
therefore, that the "Peace Convention" at New York
may prove as unproductive as the various movements
which have preceded it in the same direction ; but it
cannot be denied that the proceedings have an un-
wonted aspect, and that the whole report is full of
significance. Omitting, for the moment, the purport
and language of the resolutions adopted, and the
extraordinary boldness of the speakers, we observe
numerous incidents which express the confidence of
the meeting and the deference of the Government. It
was fully expected that military force would be em-
ployed, as on several recent occasions, to intimidate or
disperse the assembly ; but no such interference was
hazarded. The journals most active in the support
of the Government speak with tolerance, and even
approval, of this uncompromising demonstration.
They admit that " the people" may have peace if
they will, and that a peace party is just as lawful
a faction, and just as privileged a league, as a war
party. They still stigmatise the policy as " re-
creant and ruinous ;" but they no longer deny that
it may be constitutionally advocated by those who
believe in it. Finally, we find that Mr. Fernando
Wood, the boldest speaker and the guiding spirit of
the whole assembly, instead of being sent to Fort
Warren, or escorted to the Confederate lines, is
quietly closeted with the President two days after
the meeting, and is allowcil to reiterate in _private
discourse his arguments against the continuance of
the war. When we remember that such opinions
would have been prosecuted as treasonable a few
weeks ago, we may well conclude that a change is
at last coming over the opinions of the American
people. Nothing except speeches of the Southerners
themselves could be mere opposed to Northern
policy than the speeches at this Northern meeting,
The war was denounced with all the particularity
of a solemn excommunication. It was cursed in
its origin, its principles, its conduct, and its end.
It was execrated in its design, its progress, its pros-
pects, and its fruits. It was condemned as a crime,
a folly, and a failure. There were no words too
hard tor it; and one of the resolutions demanded
that "an end should be put to it," as "repugnant
to the law, abhorrent to the humanity and civilisa-
tion of this enlightened era, and inconsistent with
the benignant spirit of morality and religion." But
then arose the question of the alternative. Grant
the condition of Union, and all Americans would be
peacemakers together; it is when the independence
of the South is contemplated that the test of peace
politics come. Mr. Seward said with perfect truth,
when the Emperor of the French suggested media-
tion, that mediation could never mean anything but
the recognition of the Confederate States. It was
evident then, and has become still more so since,
that the Southern people would listen to no terms
but such as included their own independence, and
that there was no chance of coercing them. With
the North, to parley is to surrender, and those
who sincerely advocate peace must necessarily
be prepared for disunion ? Did the Con-
vention go as far as this ? The reader shall
judge for himself. Mr. Fernando Wood, the chief
of the party, did retain the decorous veil with
which the Democrats have hitherto disguised their
speculations, and spoke of peace" as the only pos-
sible hope of the restoration of the American Union ;"
but the resolution formallyproposed,and deliberately
adopted by the aasembly, was in the following
words :—" We recommend, in the name of the
people, that there be a suspension of hostilities be.
tween the contending armies of the divided sections
of our country, and that a Convention of the States
composing the Confederate States, and a sepa-
rate Convention of the States still adhering
to the Union be held, to finally eettle and de-
termine in what manner and by what mode
the contending sections shall be reconciled." Short
of immediate recognition of Southern independence
we hardly see how language could go further than
this in the interests of the South. There is no talk
of rebellion or insurrection ; none of that pretence
by which Mr. Seward affects to be blind to a rival
Government and a nation conterminous with his
own. The separation is acknowledged, and the co•
equality of the two divisions admitted ; and though
it is just possible to argue that the projected Con-
ventions might advise a restoration of the Union, it
is perfectly obvious that a treaty of peace between
two independent Powers is the result really antici•
pated. When we reflect that this resolution, with
others of a similar character, was enthusiastically
adopted by a meeting of some 30,000 citizens in the
powerful but hitherto quiescent city of New York,
we shall surely find reason for thinking that the
Civil War may be touching its close. Yoga"seinse
doubtful question. All this boldness andl g
-ve things
may evaporate in another week, and
ea
just where they were. It remains to be seen whether
and enabled by the
Mr. Wood will be supported,
Government.
We know that the
ofsy sympathies
es
eoefl
ah,ias countrymen
nt.t o
Tmheriey fah e
spt or
el inc yg
ground for such
erful, and there is an ante-
Pxth6weestatement that large classes
eDeedmenotcprarteibeapbaurittyyaniisn!
eleirarme desirous. of peace, if they
"'flap ds. War visits them
daredof the Northernbut
speak p.
with heavy taxation, and with the loss of all those
liberties of which they were so justly proud. It
does not bring them in return even the excitement
of victory or the intoxication of military suc-
cess. It has not provided them with a single
hero, or a soldier whom they could idolize tor
an hour. Their greatest achievement has been
to save their own capital from capture, au exploit
which they may, perchance, be unable to repeat. It
good,
od,wbeuret
tthoewyicoananobtatotblet,iiint
ewveounldthdiso tt he
teelittlepor ar
y
gratification. Of all the hard words used at. the
New York meeting, the hardest
of all must have
been those which stigmatised the war as a dead
failure. From that truth there was no escaping.
Whatever might be said for the struggle in other
respects—whether it was constitutional or unlawful,
patriotic or factious, necessary or gratuitous—this,
at least, could not be denied, that up to the present
moment it had proved utterly hopeless. While
our men," said Mr. Wood, " have fought as men
never fought before, yet we have only gained defeat,
humiliating to our sectional pride, destructive to all
our material interests, and annihilating to every
spirit of liberty. Candour should compel us to ad-
mit before the civilised world that we have been

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41
beaten, and cannot succeed in what we have . '7b.t,'V '.'
taken." Every man in the assembly must half 'sits' eea ...' ,Fl,-%*,
that these words admitted of no contradict ion‘,i_..-41V, agelier
further, that the resources of the North, which., Watit*tr4;e..%,..
proved thus insufficient, were now far less seuffiCleni;'-' ' 't.....4,-*
than at first. Never was logic pressed with mores a ~---
..
inexorable facts. If this meeting should prove in-
fluential enough to liberate opinion and open men's
mouths,
where the strength of the war party could ever heve
we may, perhaps, wonder six weelts Ire.nco
lain, just as in France, after the fall of Robespierre ,
people asked each other who could have been the
Jacobins. There is everything, except the uncer-
tainty of American politics, to make us regard such
an event as probable. It would also seem, from the
report of the interview between Mr. Wood and Mr.
Lincoln, that the President himself would have no
objection to peace if he knew how to reach it. Poi-
haps this meeting may show him the way. It an
armistice were proclaimed, we believe that neither
party would be in a hurry to renew the war, and
the desire of peace would suelay the two Govereie
meats with the strongest motive for corning to reit--
onable terms of separation.
HERALD.—Lord Russell is making the best of a
very bad case. Conscious of the enormity of the
proceedings of Mr. Christie, no is furbishing up all
sorts of weapons of defence, from the pigeon-hole; of
the Foreign-effice, end ignoring the question of the
Prince of Wale.s and of the officers of the Forte,
he brings a general elm ge of bad faith and lea-
bitual disregard of our representations against the
Brazilian Governrcent. It will be recollected, that
in accordance with treaties and in deference to our
expressed desire, the Brazilian Government years
ago abolished the slave trade. So effectually was
this done, that for many years past not one slave
has been landed on the coast of Brazil. But out of
the arrangements between the two Governments
grew all sorts of claims and new engagements,
which have from time to time given rise to an ani-
mated correspondence. Lord Russell alludes to
two distinct grievances—the failure to account for
the emancipados, or Africans liberated by the
mixed commission and the claims' convention of
1882. On the 12th of February Mr. Christie
claimed for all the negroes who had beca libaated
by the Mixed Commission Court unqualified free-
dom. On the 28th M. D'Abrantes replied " that
the Brazilian Government were studying with
earnestness and solicitude the question as to the
free Africans, in order to proceed with such dis-
cretion and prudence as the case required." The
truth is it is now 20 years ago since any negroes
were so emancipated, and in 1852 the Brazilian Go-
vernment put an end to the slave trade. It is
plain that to institute a rigid search for the sur-
vivors under the conditions of the arrangement.
would produce a great dislocation of Brazilian so-
ciety—and knowing that, Brazil will not at once
and without consideration accede to it. Then as to
the claims' convention of 1862, that was really ter-
minated by our own Foreign Office directing its
commissioner to stop work, because the Brazilian
Government would not accept its interpretation of
the word " claims," which both Governments con-
sidered to be unsettled, and which was introduced
for the express purpore of including Brazilian
claims, which are now rejected. The truth is, the
Aberdeen Act of 1845 is the real cause of the pre-
sent state of things. Lord Aberdeen undertook to
repeal it when the slave trade was at an end. The
slave trade in Brazil has ended, but the act is not
repealed, and its maintenance is a palpable breach
of good faith. Until it is repealed we understand
that Brazil will do nothing. Lord Malmesbury was
willing, on the ground of suppression of the slave
trade, to repeal it. Lord Palmerston positively re-
fuses. And now Lord Russell, in his last despatch,
positively indicates that further outrages are pro-
bable. The policy of the present Administration
towards Brazil has uniformly been unfriendly. It
has culminated in Mr. Christie's outrage upon her
flag. So far as our Minister is concerned the affair
is over. Mr. Christie will not return to Brazil. He
is virtually withdrawn in compliance with M.
Moreira's request. It is left to a charge d'ajfaircs
to gather up the threads of this troublesome diffi-
culty, and to retire, with the best grace he can
assume, from a quarrel in which the fault is deci-
dedly ours, and ours alone,
PosT.—The Emperor of Austria has a right to
felicitate himself both on his foreign and domestic
policy. In either respect he stands forward in an
equally marked contrast to the King of Prussia,
whose dynasty was hitherto wont to parade itself
as the distinctive champion of German liberty and
progress. The Emperor's speech to the Reichsrath
is highly satisfactory, whether we regard it in rela-
tion to the maintenance of thepeace of Europe or to
the internal reformations which are taking place in
the Austrian dominions. He expresses his trust that
nothing will occur to disturb the general tranquil-
lily much in the language used by Lord Palmer-
ston at the Mansion House on Wednesday night,
though he speaks as a Sovereign on whose frontiers a
desperate revolution is now ragiug. When we place
these calm words beside the programme of domestic
improvements which he submits to the Reichsrath,
we see fair evidence of the Emperor having as-
sumed a policy of moderation and progress as dis-
tinct as possible from that both of Russia ana Prus-
sia. This is certainly the manner in which the Aus-
trian Government should net in its present position.
It has still enemies to conciliate, it has but an im-
perfect constitution, and it seeks to consolidate its
empire by pointing out the community of all inte-
rests in that result, and by evincing a disposition
to rely upon its own intelligence, and upon the
affection of its subjects, rather than upon force.
The Reichsrath is a great experiment, and it is still
upon its trial. The object for which it was devised
was to establish a system which we may describe as
representative centralisation. Between the Crown
and several parts of the empire—such as the Hun-
garian and Venetian kingdoms—two classes of con-
tests had been maintained. The earlier advisers of
Francis Joseph had endeavoured to make the go-
vernment both homogeneous and despotic. The
Hungarians and Venetians, on the other hand, de-
manded both political liberty and also distinct go-
vernment. Neither party has been able to carry its
point. The Reichsrath is in itself the offer of a
compromise on the part of the Crown. By it the
Crown abandons its pretensions to despotic govern-
ment, but still clings to the principle of centralisa-
tion. On this basis the Emperor of Austria offers
political liberty to his whole empire indifferently.
IN e all know that this proposal has at present been
very imperfectly accepted. The Hungarians have
been reluctant to merge their peculiar legislative
rights in a general parliament of the empire. This
is but natural. They have been deceived more than
once, and theyare slow to trust those in whom their
former confidence was misplaced. On the other
hand it is natural also that the Emperor of Austria
should wish to assimilate his own government to
the conditions which render France so powerful a
State. In these days it is almost as hard to rule
without centralisation as without political liberty:.
The genius of the age is opposed to medixval tra-
ditions end to complicated administrative machi-
nery. We think, therefore, that the Emperor of
Austria and his present advisers have a claim to
the moral support of Europe in their endeavour to
redeem the past errors of the State, and to ask per-
sistently for moderate centralisation while they
yield the principle of representative government.
Unless we are greatly mistaken, the Austrian
monarchy is now assuming a strength, and settling
itself on a broad basis, such as it has not for a long
time experienced. The reforms which are proposed
for the new session evince that the Government are
prepared to pursue their advantage. The altera-
tions they now propose in the administration of jus-
tice strike at once to the root of very much of the
prejudice—or, rather, in many cases, the well-
grounded.fAustria
Confederation,dnisotwr aapsgtra—oi
pnt.shstaett
their
eioai
irs
nbi
t.
rulers.
been
ues
.en
eTt eot
irretaGali
onpver
cdo
re by
ydmutehrnee
whole German people, in almost every State of the
t,
trial by jury, and publicity. These three condi-
tions of satisfactory ]ustioehavelongbeen demanded
in vain. In our own opinion, the latter is the most
ennradtn:leyntanoaflytsheed tthhreeiell.
has actuated the Germans towards th
Tehi
ro spe 1 iwn
cheos
importanthave
m os t
aacmc
feeling which
have commonly agreed in ascribing it toe belief
that judicial tribunals were closed to the public in
order to shelter their malversat ions of justice. Nor
is it surprising that such a belief should have
thrown a general odium over all the political insti-
tutions of the country.
The judicial procedure,
though rarely,
we incline to think, corrupt, has
hitherto been greatly in fault ; and we believe that,
Austria in German at all events, the general
intelligence is fully . equal to the satisfactory work-
ing of a trial by Jury. 'We see no reason why
Austria should not become a prosperous, and in
time a more or less united, nation. If Transylvania
should now give in her adhesion to the Reichsrath,
as the Emperor announces that his Government
expects, a greatstep in this direction will be gained.
It will he the more important, as Transylvania is
a province hitherto possessing a Diet of its own,
and touching the Russian frontier. Nor can Francis
Joseph's moderation in his conduct towards the
Gaiiciens be without its influtnce on the re solution
both of the Transylvani.ns and of other nationali-
ties of the empire, whenever they also may consent
lrlargis l
to take part in the Reichsrath. With increasing
public confidence, an amended currency, and a coin-
merce
developing ylikyeelyarthhyoryoueagrh,lytltleo
v
tradingr e
c o r
from the discredit to which alternate con-
vulsion,
n of A itself
stria
war, and misgovernment have reduced it ;
e
and, if the Reichsrath will legislate justly in the
interest of all, we see no reason why the most fas-
tidious referenceto local privileges and traditionary
right should interfere with a readiness the '- on part
of all to meet together and legislate in common on
all matters of imperial concern.

THE PRUSSIAN SING'S FAUX PAS— and the noblest aspirations. Every author and
The Right Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole, 3l.P.—The authoress (and their number in this day is legion)
song of the Polish Scythe, Arc. in FUN THIS WEEK.
One Penny.. who reads Mrs. NORTON'S protest and ponders over

THEATRE-R.Ol A L., HAY MARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING, a new Farce, entitled AN UNLUCKY
MORTAL.
After which,2Bth time, a new and original comedy, entitled
FINESSE; or, Spy and Counter-Spy : Mr. Buckstone, Mr.
Howe, Mr. Chippendale, Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Wigan, and
Miss Louisa Ange 1.
Followed by (4th time), a new Farce, EASY SHAVING:
)lessrs. Compton, W. Gordon, Rogers ; Miss Louise Seeley,
Miss Fanny W right.
To conclude with MY HUSBAND'S GHOST.
Commence at 7.

THE DUKE'S MOTTO.
HUNDRE' ANI) THIRTY-FIRST NIGHT.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.-
Under the Sole Management of Mr. FECHTER.
•

THIS EVENING, to commence with an Orio-inal Sketch,
entitled A SUDDEN ATTACK. Messrs. Shore, Garden,
H. Widdicomb, Mee Henrade, and Mrs. Lee.

After which, at a Quarter-past Eight, the Romantic
Drama, in Three Acts, and Pralozue, entitled THE
DUKE'S MOTTO, by Paul Feval and John Brouiham.
The principal character will be sustained by Mr. Pechter,
imported by Messrs. J. G. Shore, G. Jordan, J. Brougham,
H. vilddhombe, F. Charles, Garden, Raymond, Dawson;
Misses Sophy Henrade, Kate Terry, E. (Avenue, and
Elsworthy. Doors open at 7, commence at half-past.

her opinion as to the power of all individual voice,
" the small hinge" on which so much may be made
to turn, will do well to take the lesson to heart.
" And I, too, am a Painter ! (ed io anche son pittore)
was the ambitious exclamation of the Italian
student, enraptured by the work of some great
master. Would that a kindred spirit might animate
our " sensation" writers, and, looking at the reforms
brought about ere now by their brethren of the
pen, they might emulate their ambition, even if de-
void of their great gifts. Inasmuch as such was
her desire, we honour Mrs. NORTON'S undertaking;
but, as we have said, we cannot consider that she
has been successful in her attempt.

The motion of Sir S. HAY, on Wednesday last,
attempted to introduce a very necessary and long-
called for reform in the distribution of our naval
prize money. At present the grievance is of a very
serious character, and one likely to receive very
little attention at the hands of the Admiralty, who
seem to consider abuses of the kind as venerable
from their antiquity. The hon. baronet, in moving
the second reading of his bill, said that its main
object was to enable the captors to appoint an
agent to protect their interests and to secure their
rights, and to provide that he should be paid at the
rate of 2 per cent. out of the money he received.
It would seem that little objection could be taken
to such a measure ; but, however, we are told that
the Admiralty intend bringing in a bill of their
own on the subject, probably next session, and
therefore Sir J. HAY was advised by Lord CLARENCE
PAGET to withdraw his own measure, and to lend
his energies to the support of the Admiralty bill.
But the facts which were adduced did not exactly
tend to show the readiness of the Admiralty to
mend matters. The liertch prize money, due for
six years, has only recently been tendered, while
the amount due for the agent's services is not
allowed. Colonel DUNNE remarked that a
similar delay had taken place in the army,
and mentioned the case of a man who
was now in a state bordering on starvation,
though, money had been due to him by the Govern-
ment ever since the Xertch and Yenikala expe-
dition. Sir JOHN ELPHINSTONE referred to a
similar incident. A midshipman of the James
Watt brought home a prize and found himself and
his crew of 15 without any means of livelihood.
He applied to the Admiralty, and received the
gratifying intelligence that he and his party would
receive the necessary means when the proceeds of
the prize had been realized. An exactly similar
case, he added, had occurred to an officer and crew
belonging to the Euryalus. Under the old law the
officer in charge would have been consigned to an
agent who would have made the necessary advances.
This is certainly not the way to incite our seamen
to extra exertion, or to reward them for acts of
bravery. It is more likely to disgust them with
the service than to stimulate their efforts, and
really it would seem as if such were the object of
our Admiralty, who deserve the severe rebuke of
Sir JOHN ELPHINSTONE, who declared that our
naval administration had done more harm to the
English navy than had ever been done by the
French. Sir JOHN ELPHINSTONE pointed out
further differences between the new act and the old
one, showing the inferiority of the former. He said
that Lord BROUGHAM had expressed apprehensions
at the time of the change as to its possible result, and
those fears had been only too well founded. It is a
shameful fact, that the system cf distributing, or
rather of not distributing, our prize money is alike
discreditable to the nation and irritating and inju-
rious to the men. Every obstacle and delay possible
is put in the way, until, perhaps, the brave men
who have justly earned their reward, die off one by
one, and considerably reduce the number of appli-
cants. Such a result may be satisfactory to the
Admiralty, but it is certainly most unsatisfactory
to the public, as Col. DUNNE indignantly said in
reference to the military side of the grievance.
" Burmab, Lucknow, Delhi, the Deccan—not one
of these names can be mentioned without recalling
scandals of the worst kind." Before the decided
tone adopted by the numerous and influential sup-
porters of the bill the Government opposition was
compelled to withdraw—Lord CLARENCE PAGET
giving the House a solemn warning that it was
assuming a responsibility properly belonging to the
Government. The First Lord did not apparently
see that his reproach was in reality directed against
himself, or rather against his office—that it is the
incapacity or unwillingness of our naval adminis-
tration to fulfil its responsibilities that has trans-
ferred the duty to independent members. It is
time that some one undertook to fight the cause of
the men who have been so long kept out of their
rights ; and we trust that hon. members will not
relax their efforts until a thorough change is made
in the system of distributing both naval and mili-
tary prize money, and the cruel injustice that has
so long disappointed and disheartened our best men
shall be rendered a future impossibility.

The arrival of the explorers of the Nile is a very
interesting event. It is always gratifying to wel-
come home the successful explorer, and the wonder-
ful discoverer, but it is rendered doubly so by the
fact that so many valuable lives have been lost in the
cause of these arduous undertakings in distant lands.
As soon as it was known that the Pera had arrived
at Southampton, the Mayor, accompanied by the
town clerk and several gentlemen, waited on the two
Captains, and presented them with an address. In
the course of that brief address, a very apt allusion
was made to the great achievements of the tra-
vellers, and the object of their presentation could
not have been more forcibly explained than as fol-
lows:—" It would ill beseem the representatives of
an ancient seaport, whose history is connected
more or less with every period of the annals of Eng-
land, to neglect an opportunity of most respectfully
greeting travellers whose recent discoveries have
solved the perplexing problem of all ages, by ascer-
taining the true source of one of the most wonder-
ful rivers on the face of the earth." It must be a
source of satisfaction to the inhabitants of South-
ampton that they should have been the first to
hail the presence of these illustrious men, who
have earned a place in history side by side with
those who in all ages have striven to improve the
knowledge and extend the experience of their fel-
low men. There is no royal road to such attain-
ments ; it must be won by individual exertion, and
gained by personal sacrifice. As the services are
arduous, so should their recognition be com-
plete; and it is therefore direction a step in the right
that the officials or local authorities
should have hastened to do them honour upon
the t
or con threshold of their native land. When the
Maygratulated them ou that "Divine pro-
tection which carried them unharmed through re-
many noble votaries of science
re-
have eiinthewrhficahllesuo victims to pestiferous climates,
or have perished by the hands of their savage in-'
ateful that
habitants," they must have felt deeply gr
they had been permitted to return to their country,
and there to enjoy the fruit of their labours in the ap-
preciation of their fellow-countrymen. After a short

time there is no doubt that these explorers will
publish an account of their wanderings, which
will be certain to prove most attractive

and interesting. It is said that they
have already testified to the fertility of
the regions through which they have passed. Cotton
and every tropical product was seen by them grow-
ing in lavish abundance, and vast accumulations of
ivory strewed their route for many leagues. This
will be deeply interesting information for those who
study such subjects, in reference to their social
advantages and political importance. The ex-
plorers appear to have met with great difficulties
and dangers in the course of their wanderings. They
went on undaunted, however, and made their way
where even their guides shrank from proceeding;
on their journey to Lake Wyanza being, however,
robbed of everything by the barbarous tribes they
encountered. Only a portion of their followers
remained with them to the end. Nevertheless, they
have brought home with them many trophies of
their expedition. The skull and bones of a gigantic
buffalo, which was shot near the Equator, and the
photographs of some huge savages of various
tribes, are among the collection. It seems almost
impossible to overestimate the importance of the
services that have been rendered to science by the
successful result of this arduous expedition ;
and it is to be trusted that the ever•
getic explorers will long be spared to witness
the satisfactory consequences that ensue from their
toil. Their exertions and endurance have not been
thrown away. They have triumphed in the good
and great cause they had undertaken ; but because
they have met with no serious casualties, and not
fallen by the wayside, in their arduous pilgrimage,
their perils on the road to fame must not be for-
gotten, nor their services thought less of. They
have a right to that eminent position and distin-
guished consideration which England has ever
awarded to those enterprising sons who have carried
her fame to the uttermost ends of the world, and
rendered the name of Englishmen as celebrated for
discoveries and as renowned for explorations as they
have ever been for gallant and glorious services in
the field.