The Sun.
London, England, 1839-02-16 00:00:00

great in London as in New York, where a merchant,
however opulent, dare not use a carriage—because
public Opinion is against it.
Mr. BLEWITT'S motion for certain returns concern-
ing the Court of Chancery caused an exposure on the
part of Mr. PEMBERTON of the deficiencies of that
Court, which is more in arrear now with its business
than it was in Lord ELDON'S time. This is one
more proof—how proofs multiply on us—of the slovenli-
ness of our legislation. Lord JOHN RUSSELL professed
a. desire to bring in a measure of improvement
whenever the Ministers thought they could carry
it. What malevolent sprite thus makes vain their
good intentions ?

way by which this Society can regain the con-
fidence of the Abolitionists, after the exposure
which has taken place, is by taking the manage-
ment out of the hands into which it has unfortu-
nately been allowed to fall, and placing it in those
of an acting and responsible Committee.

The French Journals of Thursday have all been
received. An Address from M. THIERS to his
constituents of the town of Aix, interesting ru-
mours from Mexico, and reports of the final set-
tlement of the Belgian question, impart fresh inte-
rest and variety :o the leading columns of our Paris
Contemporaries. As M. THIERS' Address cannot
fail to create a strong sensation even on this side of
the water, we will at once submit it, slightly abridged,
to the perusal of our readers. The effect which it
must produce on the French electoral body will be
very great :
. " M. THIERS TO HIS CONSTITUENTS.

The question concerning the Royal Exchange was
postponed, as was Mr. HINDLEY'S for placing on the
Journals precedents of evidence having been beard at
the Bar against an existing law.
On Mr HUME moving for returns relative to the
revenues of Canada, and proceeding to comment on
the conduct of the late Under Secretary of the
Colonies, the House was counted out at half-past
eleven.

" You have honoured me seven times with your confidence, and
elected me Deputy, whatever was my position, Miluister or no
Minister, the adversary or partisan of the Governmerdesind whether
favoured or attacked by it. Your confidence in me will be con-
tinued, not, I trust, from personal affection, but from approbation
of mypotitical conduct. I am now in opposition, not on account of
any solitary question, but against the general tendency of Govern-
ment abroad and at home. With me I find in opposition some men
from whom I differed long—some from whom I have differed but a
short time—some from whom I shad probably ever differ, and whom
I shall always have to combat. The government of the cider branch
of the Bourbons was always suspected, and it never could be hoped
that its Monarchs would admit the genuine pa.ticipation of
the country in its own affairs, that is, true representative govern-
ment ; nor could it be hoped that they would preserve a national
policy, instead of looking to frieign powers for support against the
sentiments of the country. For this reason the elder Bourbons were
opposed, and eves the revolution of July, with all its dangers and
disadvantages, welcomed. Ater can 1 storms and trials, I still da
sire and still demand for my country these same boons, viz., a na-
tional policy and the truth of representative government.
" It is with our Government as with all those which preceded
it—it began by being to true to its origin, but soon displayed a
tendency to strike into another path. Sprung from an insurree.
tion, insurrections were considered by parties as- legitimate modes
of making their opinions prevail. It was necessary to resist
this, and obviate anarchy. Moreover, the national sentiment
of the country exploded. Not contented with ejecting the
Bourbons, whom the Great Powers supported, it was eager to sup-
port the revolutions which menaced these Great Powers at Bologna,
at Warsaw, and elsewhere. It was necessary also to resist This. For
whatever chance of success there might be in a univers .1 war, it was
neither human, not reasonable, nor prudent, nor, above all, was li.
berty likely to come of it. My aim was to identify the Government
with this feeling only so far as it was possible, to protest for Poland,
to fake a guarantee against Austrian domination in Italy, to extend
substantial succour to Spain, and decidedly to protect Belgium.
" Such had been the system of Government during the first year
after 1830. " Had it been persevered in, I would not have re-
signed; I would have continued Minister in 1836, and would not
have refused to be Minister with Marshal Soult in 1837. I
should have been mad to have done so. I always thought that
there was a point at which a political system should stop. So
with that of resistance. When Government was in peril from
armed parties, associations of mad youth, organized publicly,
and the person of the King outraged, then was the time
, of resistance. But when seditious symptoms had disappeared, and
when the press itself was tranquil, it was folly to have brought for-
ward another repressive law, like that of disjunction. This was going
too far. At first it was necessary and generous to protect the Car-
list and the priest party; but this generosity should not have been
carried so far as the present Government had carried it, by courting
the priesthood, and producing such a scandal as that of Clermont.
Napoleon had done wrong in this respect, by surrounding himself
with courtiers and priests. But Napoleon was a great man, in the
midst of whose glory a weakness or a fault was forgotten. Not so
with our inglorious Governinent, where every fault i• a stain." .
The address then goes on to deny that the concessions made in
Spain, in Italy, and in Belgium, to the absolutist POwers, were at all
t i'her commanded byitreeties, or necessary to the preservation of peace.,
The Liberal or therevolutionary pri nciplewae not a thing t hat could be
settled for ever and have done with. It slept, to burst fortis at any mo-
ment of time, and formed a mass of interests that could not be
abandoned, or that, if abandond did not ensure peace for any
length of time. M. Thisrs and his friends were as much 'averse
to war as any set of men. Every one was afraid of war at present.
But the sure way to bring war upon France was for her to appear
to fear it more than any one else.
" And then, in order to command peace, it was necessary for
France not to be isolated. Switzerland, Belgium, France, Spain,
England, formed a union whose will no hostile union could resist.
France and England fo:med the strength of this union, and the
alliance of the two countries formed the most solid foundations of
peace. Of this alliance what remains beyond politeness ? France
abandoned England on great questions out of complaisance to the
absolutist powers; and England in a short time took the opportu.
nity of showing France that in the way of alliance with the Eastern
powers of Europe, she could much more easily consummate th is
than France.
" In proof that Government had committed these faults, I
would adduce the decisions of the Chamber of Deputies. As
proof that rigour bad been carried too far in domestic policy, I
would adduce the rejection csf the disjunction law; and as proof,
that concession had been carried too far in foreign policy, I
would point out the vote of the Chamber refusing to charac-
terise ministerial policy as representing the country with dignity,
or tnaintaining its alliances. For each of these votes a Cham-
ber of Deputies has been dissolved, one within fifteen months of
the other—which recalls the state of things in 1839—not that there
was identity in the two epochs, for the royalty of 1829 would un-
doubtedly yield, and not pass constitutional limits—but the way in
which the Governments of 1829 and 1839 commenced was precisely
similar. Charles X. wished for a host of things that the country
would not permit; he rejected a host of things that the country
wanted. He found at last a Ministry that represented his will, and
twice he dissolved the Chambers. Then it was that the loyal and
enlightened friends of the throne warned it of its madness, and fell
offfrum it. What did the Throne do? It struck those friends
blindly, as if they had been enemies and traitors. It ended by fall-
ing into the abyss, from which the present Government well know

Mr. HARVEY, last night, withdrew from the
House of Commons, in accordance with a proper
iule of the House—that Members shall not take
part in debates on subjects in which they are
personally concerned. What an admirable
regulation How properly scrupulous is the
use of Commons when its character
and the character of its Members are con-
cerned! How powerful was the appeal which the
Right Hon. Member for Tamworth made to them
in the debate on the Controverted Elections Bill,
when he read what would be a proper preamble
to Lord MAIION's proposed Bill, arid which as-
signed as a reason for giving up their juris-
diction over controverted elections, that neither
their honour nor their oaths could be confided
in. But if the House of Commons, and
particularly the Tory Members of it, the
preux chevaliers of the Legislature, are so ex-
tremely nice and so extremely chary when the
subject is a disputed election or a doubtful right
to cit in Parliament, how much more nice
how infinitely more chary and scrupulous should
they be when the question to be discussed directly
affects their own pockets and their honesty. The
landed gentlemen are boldly accused of robbing
the people by the Corn-laws. Will they also have
the impudence to sit on Tuesday as judges
of this accusation ? If there be one amongst them
who has mortgaged his acres, and fears to have the
truth exposed—if there be one who has rack-rented
his land, because he could make or maintain a law to
enable the tenant to recover it in the shape of a tax
on the- people=—if there be one who has a direct
interest in keeping up the price of grain—with what
conscience can he dare to vote on the Corn-laws ? If
he does not mistrust his own judgment, the world
will most assuredly condemn him. To save the re-
putation of the House of Commons the landowners
as a body must absent themselves on Tuesday.
They may go to speak but they ought not to vote.
To do so will vitiate whatever conclusion may be
come to, and damage irreparably the character of
the " noblest assembly of free men in the world."

We are glad to learn, by the Sliffidk Chronicle,
that Colonel THOMPSON has begun a course of
lectures at Bumpy, in the agricultural districts,
with a view of enlightening the farmers as to their
own interest and'their present degradation. What a
calamity for this brave and useful class of citizens to
incur the , contempt of society as a body of tax-
gatherers for the idle landowners.

We direct the attention of our readers to a series
of resulutions in our advertising columns, passed
on Monday lest, at a public meeting of the Leices-
ter Voluntary Church Society. The Ecclesiastical
authorities have been of late carrying it with a high
hand at Leicester., as in other places, and have
roused a spirit among the Dissenters and the
other friends of religious liberty in that quarter.
which we trust will soon become general. It will
be seen that the meeting pledged itself to raise the
necessary funds and adopt every other measure re-
quired to oppose and put down the tyrannical en-
croachments of the Ecclesiastical Power upon their
rights as citizens and Christians. A memorial is
to be presented to Lord BROUGHAM, requesting
hini to ;briug the' cases of the Churchwarden -of
Llanon-, and of Mr. THOROGOOD, of Chelmsford,
both imprisoned for Church-rates, before the House
of Lords.

how and when But up to this it follows the same path as

The feelings with which Lord BROUGHAM on
Thursday evening adverted to the course taken by
the Government for the extension of education, will
be fully appreciated by all who know (and who de
I not ?) the great interest he has taken in this im-
portant subject. For nearly a quarter of a century
he has been, in season and out of season, directing
the public attention to the crimes and sufferings of
the lower classes produced by ignorance, exposing
the sloth of the paid teachers of the poor, and the
robberies committed by the Guardians of education
charities ; he has introduced three Bills on the
subject, and at one time had the full concurrence of
the present Government in the great principles
of the measure, yet, notwithstanding all these
merits, coupled with the discourtesy of not consult-
ing him on the proposed plan, he is ready and
anxious to give even to a hostile Government all
the benefit of his experience, and the assistance of
his zeal. Perhaps no man in the United Kingdom
is so well versed on the subject, and certainly none
has such claims to the honour of introducing and
carrying through a great measure of this description;
but all these he is willing to forego, careles :
whom the honour id given, provided the great object
of his life is accomplished. The " little plan,"
however, of Lord JOHN RUSSELL proves the error
they have committed in not consulting one so able
and so willing to give information and assistance.
The very smallness of the measure will only the more
embolden their enemies, and cool the ardour of their
friends. It is like the East Retford business in the his-
tory of Parliamentary Reform. This country, said
the Duke of WELLINGTON, could not have a little
war, and the friends of education say it cannot
have a little reform. There are evils of long stand-
ing and great magnitude which require a general,
comprehensive, and thorough change. Nothing
but a change of this sort will rouse the people to
support it. It should haVe included a proposition
for overhauling all those funds left for education
purposes—funds, notwithstanding what Lord
BROUGHAM has done, still so grossly misapplied,
yet large enough to provide the ground-work, agree-
ably to the intentions of the donors, for establish-
ing a general system of education for all England.
These are the Old Sarums and East Retfords of the
system, and against these the first great attack should
have been made. In this attack the public would
have joined, but this embryo measure they disre-
gard. The Clergy and the Tories will fight against
it on principle, and urge the small benefit it would
confer as the strongest reason for resisting the
change. Lord BROUGHAM'S words on this point,
we fear, are prophetic :-
4, lle would remind their Lordships of that which those
who, like himself, had taken an active interest, and acquired
some great experience in Parliamentary proceedings and
Legislative changes, well knew, viz., that it was often very
injudicious to attempt what was termed ' a little plan,' be-
cause thereby there was a great danger of disappointing their
supporters, and at the same time exciting as much ani-
mosity as could possibly be created by a plan, which,
although more extensive, would be more satisfactory, and
therefore would gain more support; and this consideration
he thought should be kept in view by Ministers now."

the Government of the Restoration. The liberty which we demand
is the liberty taken by the true friends of the Throne—that of warn-
ing it, of telling it, its wrongs aid its errors. This liberty we cora-
quered in 1830, at the peril of our heads—the liberty of denouncing
the faults of the Government, without being accused of attacking
the throne.

reasoning, had Holland employed it seven years
ago. It is now too late.
DUTCH FUNDS.—AnnEkbag, Fsii, 13.
Money. BIN.
Actual Debt, 2% pet CObt
Ditto, ditto 5 per cent.
A mort Syndic, 4% per cent. 94% 93
Ditto, ditto, 3% per cent 79 yi 133
Commercial Company, 4.:, per cent. 175 175%
Ditto (1822 and 1833) 5 per cent.
Loan 1836, 4 per cent
Ditto 1937, 5 per cent. oi%
Exchange on London, One month l2 014
Two mon be ......
PRUSSIAN FUNDS.— BauLiN, 'FEE. 9.
Ls.
St. Schuld. Sch., 4 per cent lo
111, M 11,2 om).
%
Prussian English Loan, 1830, 4 per cent 10214 101 N
Exchange on Landon, three montlut 626
—Prussian State Gazette. Feb. 10.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.

CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK.
Buenos Ayres Papers were received late yesterday af-
to the 7th December, twelve days 'aftr than the last ac-
count. The Government Journal of the sth December
announces the assassination of General Hereeia, Governor
of the province of Tuenman and Commander of the iro9ps
lately sent against Santa Cruz, by whose forces, under
General Braun, they were routed with great loss in the
province of Salta. The blockade of the port of Buenos
t with little probability of its
e Government scent-re
7 mere
'yield to the demands of the
deFterytmereneirnesnighi.
n speedilye d continues,
than t aos
ever
am
heretofore, roet
etnodtfoo:

The Government have sent to the House of Represen-
tatives a project for the emission of 12 millions of dollars
in Bank paper in the period of eight months, should the
blockade continue thus long ; the emission to Cease, should
it be raised. Four millions of the above sum are to be
emitted in the month of December, and 1,200,000 ddiars
per month afterwards. Means are to be provided for the
emission,
is thought
oetfigtihl
te miiliors
i inl
eis project
ore
tisourable than otherwise.
spied} i
t<a• elsty
yreealrc. m pTt_i ne
aobf_ot by

" It is reproached to the Coalition, that the old friends and sup.
porters of Government have gone ever to it, and commenced opposi.
Lion. The same thing and the same reproach arose in 1829. Then,

From the Buenos Ayres papers we hare received news
from Chili of the 30th October, and from Peru to the Ist
November. A reinforcement of 700 men and 200 horses
for the expeditionary army had sailed from Valparaiso on
the 9th. General Orb:Toso, vvich two regiments of infan-
try, 100 a-tillery, and 200 seamen, still remained slnit up
io the fortress of Callao, refusing all terms of accommo-
dation. According to the Peruvian papers, Bo:ivia, was
in a most distracted state, and General Santa Cruz, ie
private correspondence, which had been intercepted,
frankly avowed the straits be was in, in order to procure
money to meet the numerous claims upon him. The
Tribuno, a Lima journal, publishes a list of the Pcruvi in
offices who have been imprisoned, banished, shot, or other-
wise made away with by General Santa Cruz. It com-
prises 13 generals, 4 colonels, 76 lieutenards, 68 majors.
The Penguin packet arrived last night from Mexico,
twenty-six days from the liavannah, with about one hundr, d
thousand dollars on merchants' account. The report is
here that when the packet left Vera Crux the French Ad-
miral was firing at a small fort that the Mexicans were
repairing, and that our Commodore hove down on them
and made them desist ; but how far it is true we cannot
say, as they me not very particular in giving news on board
the packet.
LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, V En. 15.—We have had
a fiat market throughout the week, with the exception of
Slturday and Monday, when the bulk of the purchasing
by speculation was made, the Mauritius have been very
moderate, in some instances under that of last week,
for American, particularly of the c. mmon qualities, to 4 ;
from Brazilian -1 to per lb. ; for Egyptian, the sales
to-day have been from 2,000 to 2,500 bales.
Cape of Good Hope papers received to the 20th Dec,

(Fro-m
the above Papers.)
EMIGRANT FARMERS.--It appears that a considerable
number of the emigrant farmers have returned, or are
about to return, to the Colony. No further intelligence
Las been received frank the main body of these unfortunate
people in the Zoola country.
The day of emancipation, we find, has been distinguished
throughout the Colony, 03 well as at Cape Town, by per-
fect peace, and a display of the best feeling on the part of
the late apprentices.
Rio Janeiro Papers received four or five days later, of
the 20th December; they do not bring any news of im-
portance; Exchange, 28,1 291; Stocks, 753- 76.
Arrivals this morning, French and Mexican mails, the
former brings Continental news of little importance ; by
the latter, which sailed from Vera Cruz, 6th January, and
from the Havannah 18th Jan., we learn that General Santa
Anna was fecoveringfrom his wounds,and repaired to his seat,
but his resuming the command again appeared doubtful,
owing to the loss of his leg on the 28th December. Her
Majesty's ship Pique arrived at Vera Cruz with Mr.
Pakenham on board, who immediately opened a corre-
spondence with the Mexican and French authorities, for a
settlement of the affairs. It is stated that the French
officers and sailors of the fleet are heartily tired of the
business, and a great number of them are afflicted with the
ague. The above packet only brings 100,000 dollars.
The arrivals from the Cape of Good Hope and Rio
Janeiro are unimportant. _ _

We learn with pleasure from our report of the
meeting of the Corn-law Delegates, that petitions,
numerously signed, continue to pour in from all parts
of the town, and more Delegates to arrive. There
ought to be no relaxation in the exertions of the
friends of the Abolition, for its opponents are active.
The poor serfs who till the ground arc so dependent
on the landowners and titheowners, that they obey
their orders as regiments obey their Colonels. It
may be assumed, from the number of petitions
sent from parishes in favour of the Corn-laws, with-
out the liability to mistake, that the Clergy gene-
rally are exerting themselves to get up petitions in
favour of the Devil's laws. What a sad condition
of society is ours, in which those who should be
the guides and instructors of the people have a
strong pecuniary interest, or suppose they have, in
impeding the supply of food, and in leading the
people astray. Muftis and Paellas, according to
the statement yesterday made by Dr. Bowring con-
cerning Egypt, are more enlightened and humane
than Christian Priests and British Legislators.

Messrs. Royer Collard, Pasquier, Hyde de'Neuville, Chateaubriand,
went into opposition, and the outcry of defection, of treason, was
raised against them. Let people. at this distance of time, look back
on their conduct, and judge it. Were they right to warn the Bour-
bons that they were running to destruction ? Were they or Prince
Polignac the true friends of royalty ? The present Government has
united against it M. Barrot, M. Thiers, M. Guizot, M. de Broglie,
Marshal Soult, and the very brothers of Casimir Perier. And it is
because Government has committed such a series of faults as to
unite all those men against it—this is to be the reason that Govern-
ment is right, and all these eminent men wrong. Why, this is the
acme of absurdity in argument•"
M. Thiers then reverts to his personal feelings, and position, and
ends by declaring "that however attached to the Government, he
had rather displease it than betray it by complaisance."
The implied contrast in one passage of the above
between Louis PHILIPPE'S Government and that
of NAPOLEON, so manifestly to the advantage of
the latter, will give mortal offence at the Tuileries.
Still the Address is more moderate in its tone, and
more within the strict compass. of constitutional
forms than we were prepared to expect from a man
of M. THIERS' temperament, at the head of a coa-
lition of French Deputies.
M. MARTIN DU NORD, French Minister of
Public Works has addressed the following official
letter to the several Chambers of Commerce
Paris, Feb. 11.

We have this morning received a Dutch paper of the
14th, by an extra boat. The above paper brings the in-
telligence that the Dutch Government has given orders
for two brigs, and three large vends, to proceed from
Helvoet Sluys immediately to the Scheldt; also orders
have been given to the Commander of the Scheldt, to get
ready a number of gun-boats, to keep open the communica-
tion between the Dutch forts along the Scheldt; after a
Council was held at the Hague, the Prince of Orange
immediately returned to the army. Dutch Funds come
lower ; Two-and-a-Half per Cents. l 41i; Five per
Cents. 100.1.

We publish in another column a letter from a
late member of the Church-rate Abolition Society,
which, corning from one who has been behind the
curtain, is entitled to the consideration of all who feel
an interest in the proceedings of the Society. We
shall only remark, that we entirely concur with
Mr. BESLEY in thinking that the only possible

" Gentlemen,—l have to inform you that it appears, from a
dispatch of Admiral Baudin, which has been forwarded to me to-
day, that the Mexican Government is fitting privateers against our
commerce. It is of importance for French merchants to be ap-
prised of this
fact, in order that they guard against its consequences.

"The Minis
~er of M r ne informs me that Le is a loptinglm:asures
to protect as effl caciously as possible, French vessels from the attack
of Mexican privateers, and to capture or destroy the latter where-
ever they are to be met.
" Convoys will, if necessary, be organised to protect the trade
between France and America, but for that purpose it will be indis-
pensible that the:department of the-Navy be acquainted with the
projected expeditions, and on that account I invite you to devise
means to supply me regularly with the necessary indications.
" MARTIN DU NORD."

The Commerce states that whole parcels of
letters of marque, printed in Mexico, and ordered
by the Mexican 'Government, have been sent to
England and the United States. They require
only to be addressed, and for this purpose the
Mexican Consuls have all received the necessary
powers. It is even added, that some of them have
been already sold in Liverpool, by the Mexican
Consul there, to the highest bidder. The necessary
number of Mexican subjects, which each privateer
must have onboard to escape a charge of piracy, mav,
taken on board at certain indicated stations in the
United States, where depots of Mexican adventurers
will be formed. The Commerce recommends, in
the event of these letters being used, that the laws
against piracy shall be strictly executed in the case
of every privateer captured without the strict letter
of that article in the law of nations, which entitles
privateers to the courtesies of an open enemy.
As regards Belgium, the French Papers state,
on the authority of letters from Brussels, that
LEoPoLD will have actually accepted the Ultimatum
of the London Conference on his own responsibility
before the meeting of the Chambers convoked for
Tuesday next. This is confirmed by a statement
in the Belgian papers received to-day, that the
KING has sent orders to M. VAN DE WEYER,

his Minister in London, to sign the treaty forth-
with, in order that it might arrive in time to be
communicated to the Chambers at their first

meeting.
There is no domestic news of any interest in the
French journals. The Debals has an article
preaching moderation to all parties. This is equally
rich and amusing.

-
Dutch and Brussels papers have been received
this morning, but the subject of which they prin-
cipally treat—the final settlement of the Belgian
question—will be found discussed M a paragraph
of our French leader. A note addressed by the
London Conference to Holland and Belgium, di-
recting a retrogade movement of their respective
troops on the frontier, appears to have wounded
the pride of Holland, by the authoritative tone in
which it was conceived. That Power having
anticipated the wish of the Conference, Claims the

distinction of being addressed in language more
courteous than a Government but for whose obsti-
nacy the whole question might be at any moment
settled. We would have admitted the force of this

Tin: SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY,-EVENING EDITION,-FEBRUARY IG, 1839