The Sun.
London, England, 1839-02-13 00:00:00

ST. JAMES'S-PALACE

'The Queen has been pleased, on the nomination of Lord ho.
lay, to appoint Alfred Perkins, Esq., one of her 'Majesty's Ho•
nourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms, vice Blackmore, retired,

DOWNING-STREET,
_Fr a 7 2.

The Queen has been pleased to appoint Colonel Sir Fr,nry
George Macleod to be Lieutenant-Governor of the Island of
Trinidad.

-- OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, FEB. 9.
Ordnance Medical Department—Temporary Assistant-Sur-
geon J. Bent to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Chisholm, pro-
moted, Sept. 11.

Comminions signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of

Kent.

West Kent Regiment of Militia—W, P. Croughton, Esq.,
to be Captain ; It. T. G. G. Monypenny, Gent., to be Ensign,
Jan. 26.

Commission signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of

Carnarvon.

Royal Carnarvonshire E. Lloyd, Gent., to be
Lieutenant, vice Roberts, promoted, Feb. 4.

BANKRUPTS. ,

CHARLES GELL, zinc-manufacturer, New road, Mid-
dlesex, to surrender Feb. 19, and March 26, at one, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Phillips, Clement's-lane ; Abbott, offi-
cial assignee.
HENRY CHARLES FROST, oilman, Oxford-street, Feb.
22, at twelve, and March 26, at eleven, at the Court of Bank.
ruptcy. Aldridge, Great Russell-street, Bloomsbury ; Groom,
Abchurch-lane, official assignee.
CHARLES SA \TILL, grocer, Romford, Feb. 19, at two,
and March 26, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Hind-
marsh and Son, Crescent, Jewin-street; Gibbon, Basinghall-
street, official assignee.

BENJAMIN PARNHAM, slopseller, High Holborn, Feb.
19, at one, and March 26, at twelve, at the Court of Bank-
ruptcy. Whitelock, Aldermanbury ; Gibbon, Basinghall-
street,"official assignee.
ZACHARIAH PARKES, builder, Stanhope-street, Clare-
market, Feb. 20, at twelve, and Mardi 26, at eleven, at the
Court of Bankruptcy: Hooker, Bartlett's-buildings, Holborn ;
Johnson, Basinghall-street, official assignee.
GAWEN HOLLOWAY, merchant, Emsworth, South-
ampton, Feb. 21, and March 6, at twelve, at the Red Lion
Inn, Farekam, Southampton. Smart, Elmsvrorth ; Messrs.
Dyne, Lincoln's-inn-fields.
JANE GOODALL, innkeeper, Newcastle-under-Lyne,
Staffordshire, Feb. 26, and March 26, at twelve, at the Castle
Hotel, Newcastle-under-Lyne. Messrs. Fenton, Newcastle-
under-Lvne ; Gough, East-street, Red Lion-square.
FRANCIS PHILIP WINGATE, scrivener, East Stone-
house, Devonshire, Feb. 23, and March 26, at ten, at the oal
Hotel, Plymouth. Messrs. Smith, Devonport ; Keddellß and
Baker, Fenchurch-street.
AMROSE ROBERTSHAW, surgeon, Ripponden, York-
shire, Feb. 27, at ten, and March 26, at nine, at the Magis-
trates' office, Halifax. Holroyd, Halifax; Hawkins, Bloxara,
and Stocker, New Boswell-court.
DIVIDENDS.
At the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-street.
E. Holgate, carpenter, Mitchell-street, St. Luke's, March
7, at twelve—C. Baker miller, Wimbledon, Surrey, March 7,
at two—J. Thwaites, commission agent, Austin-friars, March
7, at one—G. M. Von Dadelszen and W. Preller, mer-
chants, Mincing-lane. March 7, at twelve—J. W. A. Par-
sons, glover. Wigmore-street, Cavendish-square, March 6, at
two—W. Sweet, carver and guilder, Chancery-lane--J. H.
Arthur, stationer, Garlick-hill.
In the Country.

W. Milnes, woolstapler, Leeds, -March 5, at twelve, at
the Court House, Leeds—J. Wylie, wine and spirit merchant,
March 6, at one, at the Castle Hotel, Nowcastle-under-Lyne—
J. Frances, innkeeper, Leeds, March 9, at eleven, at the Court
House, Leeds—J. Wild, Sen., ivory dealer, Sheffield, March
6, at one, at the Town Hall, Sheffield—W. 13. Reeve, vic-
tualler, Brighton, April 26, at twelve, at the Town Hall,
Brighton—W. Booty, seedsman, March 6, at twelve, at the
Angel Inn—J. T. Thring, scrivener, Warminster, Wiltshire,
March 5, at twelve, at the Bath Arms, Warminster—R. W.
Holt, calico printer, Manchester, March 11, at eleven, at the
Commissioners' Rooms, Manchester—F. Hinder, butcher,
Kirkstall, Yorkshire, March 9, at one, at the Court House,
Leeds.

CERTIFICATES—MARCH 5.
T. Rimer, provision merchant, Southampton—G. Wild,
cotton-spinner, Roworth, Derbyshhire—J. Absolon, tailor,
Jermyn-street—O. T. J, Stocken, brewer, Walham-green—
T. Andrew, victualler, Moor-street, Soho—J. Wild, Sen.,
ivory dealer, Sheffield.
PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.
W. Mackie and W. N. Cox, Baldwin's-gardens, Leather-
lane, Holborn—W. Humble and 4. Lamb, surgeons, Newbury,
Berkshire--W. Nesham and W Morrison, apothecaries, New-
castle-upon-Lyne—J. Knowles, Jun., J. Leckett, and D. S.
Leather, wine and spirit merchants, Liverpool—D. Ross and
W. Flaharty, brewers, Liverpool—W. F. Holroyde and G.
Sutcliffe, attorneys, Sewerby-bridge, Halifax—T. Bulcock and
H. Bollard, commission agents, Mosley-street, Mancheste
T. Swarbrick and T. G. Bennett, coal merchants Wigan,
Lancashire—A. Holt and G. Bedford, dyers, Leeds—T. Daft,
T. B. Daft, and J. M'Creight, iron founders, Birminghamß.
W. G. W. Freeman and H. Dayrell, chyrnists, Clifton—
Bryar and J. Turner, porter merchants, Halifax—J. Makinson
and A. Krauss, manufacturers, Manchester—J. Sewell, E.
Daun, W. Kent, and G. Sewell, distillers, Upper Thames-
street—M. and J. and H. Tylor, braziers, Warwick lane—
T. M. King and W. Hardman, booksellers, Stockport,
Cheshire—C. Perry and D. Edwards,timber merchants, Pem-
broke—J. Taylor, W. Taylor, and L. Gibson, manufacturers,
Leeds—B. Corcoran, W. 'fait, and P. Richardson, stationers,
Mark-lane, so far as regards P. Richardson.

STARVING—THE FA RME ns.--The farmers
say that if Corn-laws are repealed they cannot possibly pay the ratc
and taxes which more particularly press upon thorn, includiug the
great Church-tax of Tithes, augmented as that heavy burden has
been by the Tithe Commutation Act. Well, then, suppose they can-
not endure such a weight of taxation ? Is that a reason for the rest
of the country quietly to submit to pay a double price for bread or
starve ? Is that a reason why the commerce which has gives) the
means of living to millions in these Islands should be suffered to pe-
rish ?—Devonport Independent.
The great festival to be given to the Corn-law
Delegates will, we understand, be most magnificent, Lord Durham
will preside on the occasion, and a considerable number of leading
Liberals have already enro'led themselves as stewards There is
every probability that the festival will be worthy of the excellent
Cause it is got up to strengthen and commemorate.

All the readers of newspapers must have seen
a somewhat celebrated letter of Mr. HUSKI:;SON,
written about 24 years ago, and recently quoted,
ad nauseam, by the impious advocates of starva-
tion laws and of casting wheat into the Thames
while the people are dying of hunger, in order to
prove that Corn-laws are beneficial to the com-
munity. So much is this letter relied on that an
ignorant dunce, who signs himself J. D. C. has
just employed Mr. RIDGWAY to print a pam-
phlet for him, with the view apparently to - re-
publish the celebrated letter. We mean now to
show its value and the sort of authority on villich
the starvation gentry like a whole brood of cack-
ling geese follow one old gander, that cackles
more loudly and hoarsely than the rest. That
widely celebrated letter contains the following pas-
sage, as set forth in large type and emphatic
italics by the gosling J. D. C.:—
Mr. Huskisson goes on to say, " The history of the
country for the last 170 years clearly proves on the one hand
that cheapness produced by foreign import is the sure fore_
runner (yr scarcity, and on the other, that a steady home
supply is the only safe foundation of steady and moderate
prices. During upwards of 100 years—up to the year
1765, the import of corn was restrained by very high
duties. What was the state of the country during those
100 years? In ordinary seasons our own growth supplied
a stock of corn fully ample for our own consump-
tion; in abundant seasons we had some to spare which we
exported ; in bad seasons we felt no want, and were un-
der no apprehension ; the price seldom varied more than e
few shillings per quarter ; that we had no years of inordi-
nate gain to the farmer, and of starvation to the consumer;
that prices instead of rising from year to year, were gra-
dually diminishing; so Mat at the end of this lon;t- period
of a century, during which we never imported foreign
corn, they were actually one-fifth lower than at the be-
ginning of it—would to God that we had continued
in this salutary system ! but in 1765 it was unfortu-
nately abandoned. What has been the result? Pre-
cisely the reverse of the former system. Instead of a
steady supply atThrded at steady and moderate p
we have witnessed frequent and alarming scarcities.
Evety year our dependence on foreign supplies was
increasing till the war carne, and I. interrupting that sup-
ply greatly exaggerated all our evils ; for a country which
depends upon its enemies or its rivals fbr Me food of its
people, is never safe."

Now what are the facts as to the prices of corn
during the 100 years ending with 1765 ? we
are about to quote from a table, placed at the end
of Vol. 11. of Mr. TooKE's book, of the price of
wheat per quarter, from the records kept at Eton
College. We will first deal with the last asser-
tion of Mr. HusicissoN, that prices were gra-
dually diminishing during this long period, and
were actually one-fifth lower at the end than at the
beginning. In 1665 the mean price for the year was
435. 101 d. ; in 66, 325.; in 67, 325., and in
1765 it was 485.; in 64, 41s. ; in 63, 365., thus
instead of having gradually diminished one-ph
between the beginning and the end of the ch'osen
cewury it had risen on a comparison of the
three first and three last years one-seventh. Error
first of Mr. HusKissoN, repeated scores of times
by all the Corn-law cacklers of the country.
The second assertion we shall notice is that
the price seldom varied more than a few shillings,
and the whole picture Mr. HUSKISSON draws is
one of gradual unvarying improvement, and of
steady but diminishing prices. In the chosen cen-
tury, wheat was down at Michaelmas 1743 to
20s. 9d., and up at Lady-day 1710 to 81s. 9id.,'
or it was five times as dear within 33 years at one
time as another. Yet, according to Mr. 1-lus-
KISSON and the lying advocates of the starva-
tion laws in that century of restrictions, we had.
nothing but equality of prices and neither famine to
the consumer, nor considerable gains to the
farmer. How the poor labourer fared when wheat
was at 81s. in 1710, and how the farmer fared
when it was down to 20s. in 1743, Mr. Rus_
KISSON did •not look into history to tell us.

But the variation from year to year was -ts
gnat in proportion as these extreme variatietis.
Thus between 1673 and 1674 the mean price: of
the year varied 19s. Gad., or from 4I s. 54d. to
61s. 0 d. ; between 1691 and 1692 it varied from
09s. 11d. to 41s. c 9 d., and the next year it was
up to 60s. lid. In 1707 it was 255., in 1709
695. It was 4Ss. IM.. in 1740, and 225. 41. in
1743. Here we have the price varying 40 per
cent. from year to year in a period of restriction,
when according to Mr. 1-lusxtssoN it seldom
varied more than a few shillings. Taking the chosen
century by periods of ten years we find in the first
that the mean price of the years varied from 325. in
in the second, from 83s.
1667, to 61s. in 1674;
in 1676, to 525. in 1678 ;in the third, from 235.
in 1688, to 60s. in 1693 ; in the fourth, from 265.
in 1702, to 60s. in 1698 ; in the fifth, from 235.
in 1706, to 695. in 1709 ; in the sixth, from
345. in 1719, to 425. in 1716 ; in the seventh,
from 235. in 1732, to 435. in 1728 ; in the eighth,
from 225. 1743, to 48s. in 1740 ; in the ninth,
from 28s. in 1750, to 40s. in 1752 ; and in the
tenth from 275. in 1761, to 535. in 1757. Error
the second, therefore, which the starvation Tories
have repeated over and over again, because Mr.
HusKissoN committed it, is that the prices seldom
varied more than a few shillings during the period
o frestriction.

The third assertion is, that in 1765 the re-
strictive system was altered, and then the re-
verse of all the beautiful characteristics Mr.
HUSKISSON chose falsely to ascribe to his
century of restrictions came, as he said, into ex-
istence. But we stated in our Journal of the 30th
ult., that the free system which came into existence
partially in 1765, and completely in 1773, and was
only allowed to continue to 1791, was attended
with those effects which Mr. HUSKISSON ascribed
to the restrictive system, and either he or we must
be in error. What then are the facts ? The ave-
rage prices of 1773, 1774, and 1775, the three
first years of frle7e9doo,ma,ndwals7Bs9s,sw.alsOsd3.,s.anloddt.l
diminution in the period of freedom which
show-
ingra g ea oc
tf ula 719 d ilm,
Mr. HUSKISSON falsely ascribed to a period, of
restriction. In truth, about the year 1790, th
landowners then thought the people were so happy
P
they could bear a little plundering, and they set
about taxing their bread. Again, in the cicihteen
years of freedom, the price as we before stated'' was
remarkably steady. The extreme variation in the
whole time was only 205., the lowest price having
been, not 20s. the quarter, as in 1743, but 365. in
1779, and the highest price, not 81s. 9d. as in
1710, but only 565. in 1790. We boldly affirm
then, that Mr. HUSKISSON was wrong, and that
c
all the Tories who stupidly, ignorantly, and with-
out scrutiny repeat his errors, are equally wrong
and that
we are right ,•-that the period of
free trade, was the period of gradually declinings
,
and equable prices, and the period of restrictive
trade was the period of rising and varying prices,
ie
when they sometimes were up to the starvation
point for the consumer, and sometimes down to
the point of ruin for the farmer. On these broad,
glaring, and palpable errors of Mr. IlusixiststshoNeir
rests the case of such scribblers as J. D. C. and
of
satlaer vrae tsito roi f,
ty,l.ihei c impious p
i o us advocates of
the
Ysteul of
preventingvattbe o
es
bounties
makes them
souls with misery and c 1 Lspair, and
Divine Being from reaching his creatures, fill;
ready to blaspheme.

leading
• • —___-
art''l: thees
—Golno
eb e
oonf
r%laisrt. eFvoexni ni‘giacuoknisairnnsolitzo
for
leave
1 near the metropolis ; and the other
of the police in and last night to
.bring in a Bill for the further improvement
which appeared i 77
last night,respecting the charge brought against
of
t him
on Lord
he had reviewed his own works in the llionthi„
that Chronicle, Our Contemporary alludes in a very (I**7
paraging manner to Lord Brougham ; but, as if is"
.F.:.va miner. t
janw
the
that he could not hit hard enough himself, calls
Examiner to his assistance, and puts him in the
van,
while he himself quietly slips into the rear, so that his
Lordship condescend if—which is not very likei
3'--ro re_
Contustria and
turn blow for blow, the first, and of course the heavies
_ ourwit with Austria
of his blows, may alight on the head of the
The principal leading article in the Courier is on the
subject of some remarks made by Lord Palmerston last
night in the House of' Commons respecting the emu_
merciil treaties lately
' While we applaud the policy of Austria in eon,
Turkey ; in the course
says,---, concludedo whichf
senting to place her tariff on a more liberal footinz, we
must avail ourselves of the opportunity to express n ho,„e
that our own tariff may,.before long, undergo a similar
• •and we have joined most zealousl , --
revision : '3 lu the
efforts of our manufacturers to obtain an entire. ern
from the existing Corn-laws, which aremelon an
-
under-
mining our commercial prosperity with fearful rapidity:,
The Standard, in an earnest manner, directs attention
to a letter which appears in its columns of this evening
,randis et verbosaepistola—on the subject of
, theCorn-
laws, and which, says our jocose Contemporary, clearly
establishes the fact that " the Corn-laws protect. eve; '
interest in the community, the tnanufacturing interest
more than any other l" This is the neatest and most
finished bit of irony that ever yet appeared iii the
Standard.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TOMORROW.
Morning

IN NEXT SPECTATOR, AND A
STAMPED SUPPLEMENT OF EQUAL SIZE.
LORD DURHAM'S REPORT on CANADA, at full
length, in the more important parts, and the rest epitomized;
and the cream of his Lordship's CORRESPONDENCE with
Lord GLENELG, late Secretary of State for the Colonies.
Office, 9, Wellington-street, Strand.

TO THE PEOPLE OF GREAT BRITAIN.
IHE GENERAL CONVENTION OF
THE INDUSTRIOUS CLASSES now assembled in
London, have appointed Members of their body to visit the
following places in the ensuing fortnight, to explain the prin-
ciples of THE PEOPLE'S CHARTER and NATIONAL
PETITION :
Messrs. R. Lowrey and A. Duncan—Devon and Cornwall.
Messrs. H. Vincent and W. G. Burns—Gloucester, Somerset,

and Hereford.
Messrs. J. Collins and J. Cleave—Hampshire, South Wilts, and

Isle of Ai ight.
Messrs. J. Pearse and W. Cardo—Bucks and Berks.
Messrs. L. Pikethly and J. B. O'Brien—Kent, Sussex, and
Surrey.
Persons in the above districts are requested to co-operate in
the getting up of Public Meetings.
By order of the General Convention,
WILLIAM LOVETT, Secretary, (pro. tem.)

Great Marlborough-street, Feb. 13.
THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON'S
LIFE.
Edited by Captain C. R. SCOTT.
To be published in Twelve Monthly Parts, with numerous
Illustrations, at 2s. 6d. each.
The First Part of this Work will appear with the Magazines,
en the Ist of March.

*.* Orders received by all Booksellers.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.