The Sun.
London, England, 1863-11-06 00:00:00

OPENING OF THE FRENCH CHAMBERS.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAM.)
THE EMPEROR'S SPEECH.
The following appeared in successive editions of The Sun
of yesterday evening :

PARIS, NOVEMBER 5,

The French Chambers were opened at one
o'clock to-day by the Emperor, who delivered the
following Speech :
MESSIEURS THE SENATORS AND MESSIEURS
THE DEPUTIES,
The annual reunion of the great bodies of the
State is always a happy occasion, which brings
together all men devoted to the public good, and
permits them to manifest the truth of their
patriotism to their country.
The freedom of our mutual intercommunications
calms disquietude and strengthens my resolutions.
The legislative corps has been just now renewed
for the third time since the foundation of the Em-
pire, and for the third time, in spite of certain local
contentions, I have had no reason to do otherwie
than congratulate myself .upon the result of the
elections. You have each of you taken the same
oath of allegiance. I rely implicitly upon your
concurrence. (Unanimous assent.) Our duty is to
conduct promptly and well the affairs of the
country, remaining faithful to the constitution
which has given us eleven years of prosperity,
and that you have sworn to maintain. (Fresh

applause.)
The exposition of the interior satiation will show
you that, in spite of the compulsory stagnation
of work in certain branches, the general progress
has not been relaxed. Our industry has contended
with success against foreign competition, and before
indisputable facts; the fears excited by the Treaty
of Commerce with England have vanished. Our
exportations in the eight first months of the year
1863, compared with those of the corresponding
months of the year 1862, have increased to the
extent of 233,000,000 f. During the same period
the development of maritime navigation has
surpassed that of the preceding epoch to the extent
of 175,000 tons, of which 136,000 are under the
banners of France. The abundant harvest of this
year is a benefaction of Divine Providence, which
ought .to give assurance of cheaper sustenance to
the population at large. It evidences also the pros-
perity of our agriculture. Public Works,
meanwhile, have been followed up with
activity. About 1,000 new kilometres of
railway have opened up communication between
our outports and interior. Our rivers, our canals,
our high ways continued to be improved.
The session now taking place a little later than
ordinary, the report of the Ministers of Finance has
not yet been published, it will be so, however,
almost immediately. You will there see that if our
hopes have not been completely realised, the re-
venues of the country have steadily continued to ad-
vance and increase, and that without our extraordi-
nary resources we have met the expenses occasioned
by the war in Mexico and in Cochin China.
. _

I ought to notify several reforms deemed

to be opportune, amongst others the de-
crees relative to the freedom of bread
making (de la Boulangerie)— ono which
reondters pop
inscription less onerous to the
as
ulation—the project which modifies
coast

the law upon coalitions, and that which suppresses
exclusive privileges of the theatres. I direct your
attention to a law destined to augment the pre-
rogativescommuual councils, and
thel aenxdcessive application of the
(Loud applause.) In effect
simplify administrative formalities, to soften the
pt ormodifyc iple:: focmt::e:gai
aiutseartai 0 n
to

applicable to the classes worthy of all
our solicitude. tude. Such will be a progress with which
you will surely rejoice to associate yourselves. You
will have also to occupy yourselves with the sugar
question now requiring to be finally solved by
more stable legislation. The projects submitted to

the Council of State, tends to accord to unworthy
produce that facility of exportation which the
sugars of better quality possess. A law will
cause the double decime to disappear and
to replace this overcharge by a more just arrange-
ment. _ _ _

In Algeria, in spite of the anomaly which places
the same population, the one under the civil power
the other under the military power, the Arabs
have understood how well the French domination
was the equitable protector and repairer, without
the Europeans having less confidence in the pro-
tection of the Government.
Our ancient colonies have seen gigantic barriers
disappear which formerly impeded their progress,
but circumstances have not been favourable to the
development of commerce. The recent establishment
of the institution of credit will tend, I hope, to
ameliorate the general condition. In the midst of
these natural cares, nothing that touches or relates
to religion, to the mind, to morality, has been
neglected. The religious works of benevolence,
the arts, the sciences, and public instruction have
received numerous encouragements.

Since 1848 the multitude of young students have
increased by one-fourth. To-day nearly 5,000,000
children (a third of them gratuitously) have been
received into the primary schools, but our efforts
should not be relaxed, seeing that 600,000 yet re-
main deprived of instruction. The higher studies
have been reanimated in the secondary school to
the end of a more especial re-organisation.
Such measures is an outline of what we have
already done, and of what we still wish to do.
Certainly, the prosperity of our country will
take a still more rapid flight if political
preoccupations should trouble them less. But in
the life of nations unforeseen and inevitable
events arise that one ought to look in
the face without fear, and to sustain with-
out yielding. Of this number are the war in
America, the unavoidable occupation of Mexico and
Cochin China, the Polish insurrection, and neigh-
bouring expeditions which have been the object
of so much criticism have not been the execu-

--
tion of a pre-meditated plan—the force of
events having necessitated them, and so far they
are not to be regretted.
In Mexico, after an unexpected resistance, sur-
mounted by the courage of our soldiers and Bailors,
we have seen the population receive us as liberators ;
our efforts will not have been vain, and we shall
be largely reimbursed for our sacrifices when the
destinies of that country, which will owe us her
regeneration, shall have been entrusted to a Prince
whose talents and qualifications render him worthy
of so noble a mission. Let us, therefore, have
faith in our enterprises beyond the seas.
Com-
menced to vindicate our honour, they will termi-
nate by the triumph of our interests ; and if pre-
judicel minds cannot divine the fecundity presented
by the germs laid down for the future, let us not
allow them to calumniate the glory acquired, so
to speak, at the two extremities of the world—at
Pekin and at Mexico.
The Polish question requires to be treated at
o
greater length. When the insurrection
te
tio,npssibe
broke out
in Poland, the Russian Government and the Go-
vernment of France were upon the
terms. Since the conclusion of peace,
provinces Euro-
pean questions have found them agreed ; and I do
great
not hesitate to declare that clueing fi
ee'es
*wo'fa rNi ni
Nice
a Italy,nd
as in the annexation of the p
of Savoy, the Emperor has
afforded me the
sincerest and most cordial
teluiredcircumspection, and
assistance. This
good understanding
I must therefor, have
believed the Polish question
very popular in France, not to hesitate in compro-

mising one of the first alliances of the Continent,
and to raise my voice in favour of a nation rebel-
lious in the eyes of Russia, but in ours the inheritor
of a right written in history and in treaties. (Ap-
plause.) Nevertheless, this question touches upon the
grayest European interests. It could not be treated
solely by France. An insult to our honour or a
threat against our frontiers, alone impose upon us
the duty of acting without previous concert. It,
therefore, became necessary, as at the time of the
events in the East and i❑ Syria, to come to an
understanding with the Powers, who had to pro-
nom, ce themselves upon reasons and rights simi.►lar
to cm's. (Hear, hear.)
The Polish insurrection, to which its duration
imparted a national character, aroused sympathies
in all quarLers, and the object of diplomacy was to
attract to this cause as many adhesions as possible,
in order to bring the whole weight of the opinion
of Europe to bear upon Russia. This almost unani-
mous agreement of wishes appeared to us the fittest
method of bringing persuasion to operate upon the
Cabinet of St. Petersburg. Unfortunately our dis-
interested counsels have been interpreted as an in-
timidation, and the steps of England, of Austria,
and France, in place of arresting the struggle, have
only envenomed it. Excesses are committed upon
both sides, equally to be deplored, in the name of hu-
manity. (Sensation.) What remains, therefore, to be
done ? Are we reduced to the only alternative of war
or silence ? No ! 'Without resorting to arms, and
without being silenced, one resource is open to us.
This is to submit the Polish cause to an European
tribunal. Russia has already declared that confe-
rences in which all other questions which agitate
Europe should be debated, would in no degree
wound her dignity. Let us take note of this decla-
ration. May it serve to extinguish once for all
the ferment of disorders ready to burst forth
upon all sides, and from the uneasiness
in which Europe is in all directions tra-
versed by the elements of dissolution, may a new
era of order and peace spring forth. Is not the
time come to reconstruct, upon fresh bases, the
edifice undermined by time, and destroyed piece-
meal by revolution ? Is it not urgent to recog-
nise, by new conventions, that which has been
irrevocably accomplished, and t 9 carry out by
common agreement what the peace of the world
required. The treaties of 1815 have ceased to
ust. (Bravo! Bravo! The force of events has
overthrown, or tends to overthrow, them almost
everywhere. They have been broken in Greece, in
Belgium, in France, in Italy, as upon the Danube.
Germany is agitating to alter them ; England
has generously modified them, by the cession of
the lonian Islands ; and Russia treads them
under foot at Warsaw. (Movement.) In the
midst of this successive alteration of the fundamental
European fact, ardent passions become over excited,
powerful interests demand solution in the South as
well as i❑ the North. What, then, can be more legi

timata and more sensible than to convoke the
Powers of Europe to a Congress in which self-love
and resistance would disappear in face of a supreme
arbitrage ? (Vehement marks of approbation.)
What can be more in conformity with the ideas of
the age, with the wishes of the greatest number,
than to address ourselves to the conscience—to the
reason of statesmen in all countries, and to say :
—Have not the prejudices and rancour which
divide us already lasted long enough ? Is the jea-
lous rivalry of the Great Powers incessantly to
obstruct the progress of civilization ? Shall we
be constantly casting defiance at each other by
exaggerated armaments (Emphatic applause.)
Are our most precious resources to be indefinitely
exhausted in vain ostentation of our strength ?
Shall we eternally preserve a position which
is neither peace with its security, nor
war with its chances of success ? Let
us no longer give factitious importance to
the subversive spirit of extreme parties by op-
posing ourselves with narrow calculations to the
legitimate aspirations of peoples. Let us have the
courage to substitute a regular and stable situation
for an unhealthy and precarious condition, even if

it should cost sacrifices. Let us meet without a
preconceived system, without exclusive ambition,
animated by the sole thought of establishing an
order of things based henceforth upon the well-
understood interests of the sovereign and of the
peoples.

I cannot but believe that this appeal
would be listened to by all. A refusal
would lead to the supposition of secret
projects which fear the light of day, but
even if the proposal should not be unanimously
adopted, it would have the immense advantage of
having shown Europe where lies danger and where
safety. Two ways are open. The one leads to pro-
gress through conciliation and peace, the other,
sooner or later, conducts to war by the obstinacy of
maintaining a past which is rolling away.
You know now, gentlemen, the tone which I pro-
pose to adopt towards Europe. Approved by you,
sanctioned by the public assent, it cannot fail to be
listened to, for I speak in the name of Francc.
(Loud and prolonged applause.)

The above telegram was transmitted by the Sub
marine Telegraph Company in the short space of
one hour.

INDIA,

By the arrival of the Bombay mail we have re-
ceived intelligence from Bombay to October 14.
The limes of India of that date contains the fol-

lowing :
The Peninsular and Oriental steamer Orissa, with
the English mails of September 10 and 18, arrived
in Bombay harbour on the morning of the 11th inst
The Act for taking a census of the Bombay Pre-
sidency has received the assent of the Governor-
General.
Mr. Ayrton, M.P. for the Tower Hamlets, and a
director of the O. I. P. Railway Company, is here,
overhauling the working of the railway.
Dr. Duff, the well-known Presbyterian mission-
ary, has arrived in Bombay, and leaves by this mail
for Scotland.
An atrocious murder of a native female has been
committed in Bombay. The perpetrator is still at

large.
The foundation stone of the David Sassoon Hos-
pital to be erected at Poona was laid on the Bth inst.
by Sir Bartle Frere.
The Governor of Bombay is at present in the
Deccan.
The success of the Bengalee native in the civil
service examination has created great sensation in

native circles.
Her Majesty's 43d Light Infantry have left Cal-
cutta for New Zealand, per Lady Jocelyn ; in all
about 700, officers, non-commissioned, and rank and
file.

It is authoritatively stated that Sir Robert
Afontgomery retains the Government of the Pan-
jaub till 24th February, 1865.
Sir R. Montgomery leaves Murree for Lahore on
the 19th October.

The Viceroy is on his way to Peshawur.
It is stated that the expedition against the
Sitanees on the Punjab frontiers occupies the whole
attention of Sir Hugh Hese. The expedition will
be 5,000 strong, and consist of the 51st, 71st, and
101st Regiments, a mountain train and some Pun-
jab corps, and will be commanded by
Brigadier-
General Chamberlain.
The 71st Highlanders, at Nowshers, have been
North-West ; enemy is
demonstration.
ordered up to the frontier, where the
damage
stated to be making a threateningto
Locusts have been causing
ire eh
the crops in the Puujaub
and the
taking a south-
westerly advises show that werethey
the Central Provinces
westerly direction through_nmbay
presidency.
and were likely to visit the li
Rebeke has been de-
The Hamburg ship Elisel The captain and the
stroyed by fire off Y ri_ggers, and
1 crew were picked hpCe by° the Sydney
landed at Calcutta.
The Alabama cruising
in the Bay of Bengal.
The French ship is
pNuovel Alfred has run ashore at
CalingaPatar°' ad become a total wreck.
The health of the island is improving and the a
wEather has become warm.
The fall of rain during the season has C7rCeeded
eighty inchea at Bombay.