The Sun.
London, England, 1830-03-09 00:00:00

of England were, too good, and, he wcithl say, too prowl
to submit to such a state of things any longer. Imps-
sib'e ! What, Ertl rod, who hrd set the exam pit to all
Europe of having a limited in narchy. submit to the prevent
state of Government C mrtiets, it was true, sometinies
appeared ,o be strong as well as proud ; but they were
weakness itself when uppesed. That great Charter which
was their just boast was obtained by the Nobility, aided
by the Bishops—and hr wished they It id a few Bishops
to co operate with thew just 110 W. —( A laugh.)—That
great Charter wars not only obtained by the Barons and
Bolt ps furring it from the Mona-ch and the timid
c.nn•tiers. Err nal justice sanctioned the deed ; the hand
of Heaven sinetioned it, tin uvll many were not able to
sanction it by their hand-writing. At, that period, in
1215, the people were supported by the Nobility, and the
N ibility sided with the peop'e. He would give honour
where honour lea, rltre. Tie Nohility aided the people/
and ide Great Charter was obtained without the spilling
of blood. Ile had always thou4lit that no good was
to be obtained where they were oldiged to resort to the
shedding of blood. It only tendril to strengthen power----
to call forth some military chieftain, and rn die him toaster
who bad in fore been the people's champion. Regal ty-
r unity and !loyal despotism hail been successfully resisted,
and a guard est.lblisheil in safe prerogative—well-defined
prerogative, giving a principle of " fixity" to the Con-
stitution, and securing the people, if they had an honest
House of Commons. But what (lid those Barons—what
did the Nobility, when the contest was over ? Why
they turned iif the people with whose aid they had suc-
ceeded ; they left the people, nod began to share the profits
amongst themselv s. They took the prerogatives to
themselves—the II rasa of Lords to themselves; and they
usurped the House of Commons. Thus an odious Oli-
gayclay have taken from the people their just rights, and
those advantages secured under the Great Charter. That
Oligarchy now nominated a majority of the Commons ; and
it was against the odious monopoly of power that he
warred and would war. It seemed as if the Hon. Hours
were disposed to laugh at themselves. At the beginning
of the Session they paused what they called one of their
Sessional Standing Orders, declaring that it was a high
breach of privilege for any Peer to interfere in or influence
the return of Members to the House of Commons. About
half an hour afterwards one Member was evolving that he
had purchased a sear from a Peer ; and soon afterwards
another Member, the son of a Peer, was spoken of as
having walked across the House, followed by eight or nine
Peers, all of whom were returned by one and the same in-
fluence, and that influence said to be a Peer.—(Hear,
hear.)—What then became of the Standing Order
about the breach of privilege ? Ile was for restoring
the House of Commons—for having it whit it was
intended to be ; he desired that the House of Commons
should be no longer a dead letter. And he would have those
punish, d even worse than sheep-stealers, who should de-
prive the people of their inalienable rights. Only think of
the modesty of the 2 000 people who returned so mini
Members to the House of Commons ! They were more
e upmlule of choosing proper Representatives fur the twenty
millions ; they had more good sense, more discrimination !
yes, virtual representation was better than real representa-
tion. Insolent proposition ! Bnt the people, to use a
f,miliar adage, knew where the shoe pinched. How were
those occupied who returned, or were returned by such
me ms ? How did they think they were occupied? Why, in
getting one brother made a Bishop ; the wife of so and so'e
cousin made a General—others made Lords of the Bed-
chamber, or " Groorna of the Stole !"—(Laugh and cheers.)
All places were occupied, no matter what they were, so
long as salaries were attached to them ; nothing appeared
too degrading for Noblemen, as they were called, and their
nominees and dependents to accept, so that salary was at-
tached ; the cash was accepted, the degradation was un-
noticed. Alt ! but the system " worked well." So said
Canning and whir humbugs of that drier iption.—(Lnud
cheers and a laugh.)—But how did it work well ? Why,
as the Gravedigger in Hamlet said by the gallows, "0
did well for those who did ill."—(Cheers and laughter.)
But how had the Parliament worked for the people ? Why.
it had loaded the country with a debt of 800,000,000/. !
Who before had ever {yen thought of such a debt !---4
debt of 500,000,0001. !—(Hear)--a debt so enormous
that it would take a man fifty-two years to count out the
money to pay it : a debt larger than all the money that was
ever coined in the world. He would turn to the Oligarchy
or any body who said the system worked well, and hold up
before them eight hundred millions of debt!"—(Hear.)
They might have grown rick a hile that debt was contract-
ing,—they might have raised fine Palaces, and had rare
merry nights and 11.1)s while they were fastening that mill-
stone around the neck of old England. That debt might
h rve worked well for them, but at last what had it done
fur the people ; to what state had it reduced them? Go
from Land's End to John o'Great's Tavern, as far as the
Giant's Causeway ; go from one end of the country to the
other, and they would find that time people were plunged
into deep, dire, crushing, afflicting, universal distress.--
(Hear, hear.)—Who imposed that distress on the country,
or the indu•trions people of England? Was it the fault
of Englishmen that they were in distress?—(Cries of
" No, no.") Were they not as industrious as ever?--
(Hear.)---Were they not as intelligent as ever?—(Hear,
hear.)—Had they not continued to make vast improvement
in manufactures and machinery?—(Hear, hear, with some
noise at the gates leading into the grounds, owing to the
people pressing forward to get in.)
Mr. HuNr stepped forward and begged to state that lie
haul just received a letter stating that there were upward.
o!' fire thousand persons on the outside, wine, though
anx'ons, were unable to get into the grounds ; be begged
those present to move a little to the right and that would
afford some relief.—[They did so, and in the move broke
down some of the b lrriers in front of the gallery, which
afforded some additional space, enabling many- to get un-
der or nearer to the gallery. Many contrived to get on
the roof of the gal cry, which for a time created some
alarm among the ladies lest the roof should give way.
However all remained tolerably safe, and order was soon
restord.]
Mr. O'CoNwELL resumed. He would take up his ad'
dress where he had left off. Ho was telling them—indeed
he was " thinking aloud," that the industry and the abi'
lity of Englishmen had remained the same; they were as
economical and intelligent as ever, and there were masses of
capital in the country if they could only be used. All the
mischief was attributable to tine people not having proper
organs in the House to represent their interests and feel-
ings. He would have that defect corrected; be would cut
down the sinecures and useless places, and he would have
those reduced who reduced unjustly sixpence too much,
and not only make them return the sixpence, but a half..
penny for the interest thereof.— (A laugh.)—This country
would never have known its present distress if there had
been fair play between man end man ; nil had arisen because
the people were subjected to the lifflicting scourge of a^
Oligarchy. He would say, and he would say it openly,
though Inc hated regel tyranny with all a freeman's hate, he
would prefer it to the rule of an odious Oligarchy. Such
tyranny would be easier to be borne than time grinding rule
of an Oligarchy that fattened on the miseries of a people.
The Oligarchy met them at every turn. Whatever they
ea v, tasted, or touched, was poisoned by taxation.--'
In time shoe% that they wore they trampled on it ;
and time hat that surmounted them was likewise the
subject of tax. During their lives they were taxed
in every way, and in every direction ; and when thef
died they could not go to their graves without being
taxed. Would any body tell him that if the representation
were in the state in which it ought to be—that if they had
an adequate House of Commons, the people ever could
have been brought into such a etate? Hough a House had
done such things, he thought they would pretty soon have
been kicked our.—(A laugh.)—But the oligarchy` taxed
them and fleeced them ; they had realized the fable of the
dogs and the wolves ; they had destroyed the people's
guardians, so that the " wolves" had been able to do what
they pleased. They were in the situation of hungry wolves
descending from the Appennincs, when the dogs were
gone, and the watchmen asleep. If the food of the people
were taxed, why was it ? To pint money into the pocket'
of the rich. He hated the cant about free trade : it gave,
cheap milks to the higher ot dere, while another law existed
taxing food. Ile hated cant of every sort; but the teat
about free trade was to him peculiarly disgusting —a free
trade for time luxuries of the rich, and secure tax on the
necessities of the poor. Then, what was the remedy furf
all this mass of mischief and evil ? He thought there
was too much good sense in the country to put up with
such evils much longer : he would repeat, the English
were too proud to endure them. What ! had the iron s°
entered their souls that they would permit themselves t°
be branded as slaves ?—(Cries of " No, no.")—Thee,
what was the remedy ? Parliamentary Reforin—Badiegi
Refomin.—(Loud cheers.)—What he meant by Radical
Reform was, that terry man sluimild vote for his Represen'
native, and that no man shoell be deprived of his vote bee
by the verdict of a Jury, on being proved to be a innatiet
at somewhat less expence, too, than 30,060/.—(A laughs
and he ir.)--He had ever insisted, and would ever insitt
against the principle of property deciding the Repre
sentation ; and yet they who talked about property
being represented, maintained the rights of the borough'
where there was no property.—(llear, bear.)—Was this
not an insult to their common sense? The property in the
borough was a fiction—in plain English, a lie.—(A laugh.)
It was a lie that was pmit upon two legs and made to wall°
He maintained that it was not property but men that were
to Ee represented;—not cheep, bollocks, Ece., bat rhea;--4