The Sun.
London, England, 1830-12-13 00:00:00

"1* 41-
Ain4

LONDON,
MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 13, 1830.

The Lords of his MAJESTY'S Most Honourable
Privy Council had another meeting this morning,
for the purpose of hearing appeals remitted from
the Colonies. The Lords present were the MASTER
It the Rou.s, !Sir C. ROBINSON, and the Right
ree. ROBERT GRANT.

Despatches have been received this morning from
Prance and Holland.

The news of the insurrection at Warsaw, which
tee give from a second edition of the Ti nes of this
Morning, will be received with universal satisfaction
by our readers. In political importance, as well as
in the result to which it is likely to lead, we look
ea this insurrection—or to give it a more appropri-
ate designation, this revolution—as second only in
importance to the one at Paris. Should Poland
Succeed in recovering her freedom, of which she was
deprived by the basest combination .ever recorded
it; the annals of despotism, she will at once bring
i_Prtlesia to her senses, bind Austria down in
oary recognizances to keep the peace, and
'46 up a barrier which will effectually
tlieve Europe from .any apprehension of aggression
" the part of Russia. For ourselves, we are con-
Liently of opinion that Poland will succeed in her
exertions to recover her independence. The Poles are
a_aturelly a proud, chivalrous, persevering people, as
%YARROW'S dear.bought victories can attest, ar-
ietttly devoted to liberty, and keeping alive its flame
111 their breasts, even in the lowest depths of their
degradation. Their determination, however, to be
fteeb may possibly precipitate a crisis which
'night have been retarded, but which never
could eventually have been prevented. It is not
Improbable that Prussia, as well as Russia, may
%he an effort to preserve her share of the plunder,
end that Austria may join the league; and, if so,
*lieu at once to all hopes of peace in Europe. Italy,
frent one extremity to the other, will rise in arms—
the Rhenish provinces will rise in arms--
kletlin will demand her long promised constitution
11°, d a hundred petty principalities in Germany wil
°e blotted out from the list of European sovereign-
tke. Even distant Finland may possibly catch the
contagion, and demand the restoration of those pri-
/ilege,
which ALEXANDER'S cunning and sagacity
deprived it. A few days will set these important
ranters in a broader and clearer light.
With regard to the French Ex-Ministers, the
Prevalent opinion at Paris seems to be, that Pot.IG-
-4C will suffer death, and that the rest will be
sentenced to perpetual banishment, or perpetual
im-
Phaonment. For the sake of justice we could have
Wished that the guiltiest by far of these poor imbecile
Creatures,
who insisted on his guards firing " in
Manes" on the people, had met with a fate better
proportioned to his deserts than his present exemp-
!lea from responsibility. It is law, not justice, that
has shielded him in this instance.

Y the Flanders mail, which arrived this morning,
We have received tie Allgemeine I-titling to the
7th •
from which we give the following :
I, ViiNNA, Nov. 29.--Five per Cents. Metalliques, 91k:
°,,," Per Cents. 81i ; Bank Sham, 1080.
p Nov. SO.—Five per Cents. Metalliques, 91 1.10 ;
tir per Cents. 81i ; Bank Shares, 1077.
„
I—Fire peents. Metalliques, 91i ; Four per
Gate,' 81 ; Bask Sha res 1085.
I/Re 2 Five per Ce, rite. Metalliques, 81/ ; Bank
81)Ire "
14 1087.

The advices from Calcutta to-day to the end of
f4ogust, mention that there was less demand there
°,t British produce. There had arrived inforsna-
tton from Rangoon to the effect that the British
V bad been pulled down on the northern frontier,
dY
order of the Burmese KING. No official state-
,4lebt on the subject had been received, however,
rom Amerapoora.
The Elitit India Company had issued a notice on
111 e Exchange at Calcutta, that they would abandon
the exclusive right of growing opium in Central
India. The abandonment of the monopoly had
Ryan great satisfaction in India.

At 4 meeting of the Printers of the Metropolis
held on Thursday las!, fur the purpose of petition-
' if %ain't the taxes on the Press, it was stated,
_ttlitt by reason of those taxes, not less than 400
:,°.llipositors are now out of employment, and that,
Ilthin the last five years, :four Daily Newspapers
"Illi been discontinued. These are facts which have
14
whstrcing claim on the attention of Ministers, in
t °se Power it is, by a well-timed reduction of the
Ilea in question, to afford the ready means of ern-
Pi °Priem to hundreds of distressed families in Lon_
t" alime, besides a large number in the provincial
w, Ils• Considering the Press solely
as a branch
2ndustry,
and without any reference to- its higher
vuarketer as the diffuser of knowledge, there are the
tllost •
II n %%eighty reams for giving it the relief which
If, demended in all quarters.
0./1 the one hand, it is right to check the igno-

rant clamour against- machinery by every argu►ner.t
that persuasion can suggest, or authority enforce, is
it consistent, on the other hand, to check the use or
machinery by the clog of oppressive taxation ? And
is it politic, in the disturbed temper of so many of
the lower orders of this metropolis, to disregard the
undeniable assertion now so frequently heard, that
the taxes keep them out of the work they would
otherwise get ? Surely it is time for Ministers to
interfere in good earnest ; and placing, as we do,
the fullest reliitoco on their acting, in office, up to
the principles they have professed out of office, we
have a right to expect that the Press will be one of
the first brunches of industry that will receive re-
lief at their hands.

We are enabled to state that the Government
have determined on modifying the Forgery Bill' of
last Session, and that capital punishment for any
offences against property will not much longer dis-
grace our Statute Book. The Attorney-General is
said to be one of the most zealous advocates of this
merciure.

We observe that the Courier des Pays Bas has
taken umbrage at a hasty expression of ours, com-
paring the Belgians to the flock of a pig driver,
which no &int of their conductor has been able to
guide to his desired point. We trust that the in•
telligent Editors of the Courier des Pays Bar have
sufficient confidence in our frequently expressed
warm wishes for the liberties and happittes of the
Belgians, to suppose us incapable of any expression
designed to prejudice them in the eyes of England.
The KING of Holland may indeed be fitly compared
to a pig-driver, but we did -rot intend our joke to
go any farther.

We direct attention to the petition from Rye,
which is important, and will no doubt be read with
interest.

We were glad to see that Mr. LONG WEL.
LESLEY, on Friday night, moved for a number of
returns relative to the Clergy ; for if there is one
institution which requires Reform more than another,
it is the Church of England; and we call attention
to this important subject, not because we are ene-
mies of that Church, hut because we wish to see it
placed on a footing which may render it respected
by the people, and beneficial to the interests of
society. The return, however, is in one instance
incomplete—as regards pluralities. That is a point
of no minor consideration, and we trust the defect
will be remedied. The chief defects of the present
system may be classed under four heads—tithes'
absenteeism, pluralities, and unequal distribution of
Church property, and these have reached such a
height, and excited in many quarters such loud com-
plaints, as to call imperiously on every friend of the
Church—every individual who wishes to see her
placed on a sure foundation—to come forward and
lend his assistance in renovating the fabric.

In making these remarks, we have no wish to
eavocate any change which shall deprive the Church
of her income, or introduce a levelling system. The
great complaint is, that while a certain class receive
enormous incomes, the hard-working and only use-
ful Clergy have barely the means of subsistence.
Out of the whole Church of England, nearly 3,000
of the officiating Clergy have incomes of less than
100/. a-year, and one half these have not more
than 45/. ii-year, while others have thousands and
tens of thousands for performing less duty, and not
unfrequently no duty at all ; this however is not the
only evil as regards the Clergy themselves, for it ap-
pears from documents that cannot be doubted, that
a very large proportion of the incumbents do not
even reside in their parishes, and it is well known
that many who hold several livings at the came
time do not visit their parishes fiom one end of the
year to the other.
By a return made to the Privy Council for the
year 1827, it appears that there are no less than
2,496 livings under 3001. a year, and 1,223 above
3001., where the incumbents are non-resident—mak-
ing a total of 3,719 non-resident Clergy. It is easy
to conceive what a prejudice must be raised against
this class in the minds of the tithe-payers, when
they find that the duty is performed fur 40/., 501,
or 601, while nearly the whole of the tithes go to
those who perform no duty at all. We have not
seen any direct return of the number of pluralities ;
but it is reasonable to infer, from the number of non-
residents, that it must be very considerable. The
great bane, however, of the English Church is,
the mode of paying the Clergy—a mode we say
without hesitation the most effectual that ever was
devised for alienating the flocks from their pastors,
increasing dissention, and sapping the foundation of
the Church. It is quite impossible for a clergyman
of the established Church to come in competition
with a dissenting minister while such a system lasts,
because the mode of collecting the tithes naturally
renders him rather an object of dislike than of love
and esteem, and the dislike is still farther increased
by the recollection that though the tithes are set
apart as a remuneration for his services, he still has
the power of demanding additional pay for certain
duties which by the law of the land he alone can

perform.
Some years ago a law was passed for the composi-
tion of tithes in Ireland, and the Archbishop of
CANTERDURY last Session obtained leave to bring
in a Bill for the same purpose in England, but this
does not go at all to the root of the evil. The de-
fect is, that the composition is to be made with the
tenant of any property—the small farmer, and often
the half-starved peasant, while it ought to be made
with the landlord himself; and as the payment of
tithes must eventually fall on the landlord, it is only
agreeable to common sense and common justice that
they should be paid by him in the first instance with-
out subjecting those under him to endliss annoyance
or unceasing warfare with the clergymen. A clergy-
man, to be useful, must have the esteem and love
of his parishioners—affections which are as incom-
patible with tithes and proctors, and first fruits, and
Easter offerings, as light is incompatible with dark-
ness, or righteousness with iniquity. The first and
paramount object oft he friends of the Church in Parlia-
ment is to abolish the system of tithes by introducing
a Composition Act, which shall compel the land-
lord, and not the tenants, to pay the stipends of the
Clergy. There are, no doubt, numerous difficulties
to be overcome, and probably, in some cases, the
incumbents might be losers in the first instance;
but for what they might lose in money they would
be imply repaid by the regard and love of their
parishioners, and by the satisfaction of having re-
stored between pastors and people that harmony and
mutual good feeling which are not only necessary
for their own interests, but for the safety of the
Church, and the well-being of the community.
Let an experiment be made, for instance, in some
of the maritime counties, where the averages have
been struck for many years—let returns be made
out for each parish, of the quantity of all kind of
grain which has been the portion of the clergyman
for a certain period, and let that be the amount to
be paid to him in future: this amount to be paid

by the landowner, not in kind, b►tt in money,'
varying each year, according to the fluctuation
of the averages. All claims for tithes from
land that has never been in cultivation, ought
at once to be abolished, unless an understanding is
come to that the clergyman is to share the expense,
and ►un the risic,of loss as well as the tenant. We
have not leisure at present to enter more into detail,
but shall lose no opportunity in future of reverting
to the subject, because the defrets of the system arc
so dangerous, and the excitement which it produces
in agricultural counties against the Church is so
ardent, that we regard it as the i►sperative duty of
Parliament to lose no time in taking the subject into
their most serious cons;deration. The Clergy would
he the first to feel the benefit of a change, and for
their own sakes, therefore, we should be glad to
hear of petitions from every diocese in England
calling. on Parliament to remove this cause of dis-
sension, and that odium and reproach which it has
so long entailed on the Church. Were such a
change effected—were the smaller livings increased,
and the Clergy more punctual in performing the
duties themselves, they might yet defy the power
of the Dissenters, and silence those enemies who
call them, " dumb dogs that cannot bark—greedy
dogs that never can have enough—shepherds that
cannot understand—all looking to their own way,
and every one for his gain from his quarter."

THE FUNDS.-(THIS DAY.)

CITY, TWELVI O'CLOCK.

We have a great number of ship letters this morning ;
al.° a Jamaica mail, which sailed on the 4th November.
(From the Baltimore Papers, received this morning, to the

17th Norember.)

The New Orleans Bee mentions the receipt of Vera
Cruz Papers to the 12th October. Guerrero has been
summoned by the Attorney-General of Morelia to appear
within thirty days, to take his trial on an accusation of
resistance to the supreme authority, under penalty of be-
ing condemned as a rebel by a Court-martial. Tranquillity
is not yet re-established, and bands continue to infest the
country. It is supposed that Guerrero is with them. A
conspiracy has been discovered at Puebla. The two
chief conspirators have been arrested. Victoria, who was
condemned to death, has escaped.
They write from Brussels that Mr. Cartwright is going
to the German Diet, where the Belgian affairs are to be
discussed.

From the French array in Africa, bivouac on the Atlas,
Nov. 23:--" We have entered Mediah since yesterday
evening, and were well received ; the civil and religious
authorities came to meet the General-in• Chief; a garrison
is to be left in Medial], also at Blida. The ancient Bey
has decided to give himself up to the Commander-in-
Chief, and he is expected to arrive this evening."
Ltvxitroot, Dec. 11.—The import of cotton this week
is 2,078 bags, and the sales are 9,740 bags, at a decline
of id. per lb. In sugar 850 hhds. British plantation
have been sold this week at rather lower rates.

(From the Jamaica Courant of the 3d November.)
By the packet from Carthagena we learn that matters
were assuming a settled aspect in Colombia. Bolivar had
not been appointed to any civil authority, but it seemed
to be the universal feeling that no time should be lost in
re-investing him with aupteme command. Much anxiety
was felt at Carthagena for intelligence from Bin !facile, as
900 troupe had left Santa Martha on the 14th instant for
that place. The head-quarters of General Bolivar were at
Solidad, near Baranguella. We have not been able to
ascertain whether General Paez and the Venexuleans are
disposed to join in the general federation or not. At
Bogota an order had been issued to go into mourning for
his late Ikitajesty George IV.