The Sun.
London, England, 1839-10-29 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1839.

tion in preferring a protestant door-keeper to one
professing the Catholic faith, much less which
would justify excluding one-third of the popula-
tion from all civil employments, and rendering them
aliens to the State. On no more substantial
ground—on no wiser arguments than the puffed-
up self-praise of the Anglican Churchmen—arc
the Whigs derided and abused, their Administra-
tion threatened, and eight millions of our fellow-
subjects placed under the ban of exclusion. What
a motive is this for destroying a Government, and
perilling the peace of an empire ? When the
Whigs instituted the penal laws against the Catho-
lics, there was an immense Catholic power or-
ganized in Europe attacking civil liberty through
religion. Now there is no such thing as a Catholic
power in Europe, and yet the Tories call on us
to act still on the policy which its existence
alone justified. At the close of the 17th, and
beginning of the 18th century, the Church of Eng-
land, the daughter of Rome, was necessary in its
new alliance with the State to counterbalance the
power of her parent ; and the Tories require us still
to foster the child which has all the faults and vices
that have doomed the parent to slow but certain
decay.

The Tory Journals do not think it necessary to
remind us every morning and evening of the advan-
tage of day light, and contrast it with the night, in
which, when it cometh, no man can work. They
do not daily hymn the praises of sunshine or mourn
over storms and floods. They do not morning and
evening remind their readers of the immense advan-
tages conferred on the community by industry,
enterprise, and frugality, and of the injury caused
by idleness aid dissipation. They need not hold
up to admiration the occupation of the farmer and
the merchant, and pour out their diatribes against
the swindler and the charlatan. Almost everything
—as well as wine— which is intrinsically good re-
luires no puffing, and any thing which is inherently
njurious it is not necessary every day to condemn.
We cannot avoid concluding therefore that the
hymns of praise which the Tory Journals chaunt
daily to the Church, and the foul-mouthed abuse
with which they bespatter the Catholics, are begotten
by a conviction of the badness of their cause, and are
intended to conceal gross defects which they can hope
neither to palliate nor defend. For a Church, how-
ever, which cannot rely on its own merits, the Go-
vernment is required by the Tories continually to
commit a gross injustice on a part of the people,
and make them discontented subjects.
The reader must be reminded that the Anglican
Church takes an unfair advantage of the lateness of
her birth. She came into existence when civiliza-
tion had made great progress, and she charges her
parent with all the vices and crimes of the dark ages
through which she flourished. Much of the merit
of the Church of England is due to the age of her
birth ; and as she surpasses Rome because she was
born later, so the advancing civilization of modern
times makes the errors of her parent, to which she
adheres, more than ever distasteful to the opinions
and manners of the age.

We borrow from the Spectator an article on
Local Courts, which is every way worthy of public
attention. Happily for the country the distin-
guished man who has long made the establishment
of Local Courts'a prime object of his political exer-
tions is yet spared, and he will no doubt find his
zeal quickened, and his energies increased by the
demands which the exposure of the Spectator will
induce the public to make for a reform in the pre-
sent jumble of Courts and jurisdictions which is
miscalled a system. The article is an amazingly
strong testimony to the wisdom of LordattouGHA s
views, and the utility of his plans. He has, per-
haps, of late rather suffered himself to be diverted
by party politics from his own profound schemes of
legal improvement, and we hope to see him in the en-
suing Session returning to them, and pressing them
on the Legislature with that earnestness which their
importance and the manifold injustice done to the
lower classes by the present bungling contrivances
deserve. By achieving improvement more will be
done, we believe, to rouse the public from its pre-
sent apathy than by any other circumstance. The
numberless disappointments which have resulted
from schemes of reform—the anomalies and injus-
Lice which still exist, for example, after Courts of
Request and County Courts have occupied the at
tention of Parliament year after year for many years,
should put an end to surprise at the people being
indifferent or apathetic on the common topics of
political reform. All the promises made to rouse
them to exertion seem by some fatality or other to
have been falsified. We doubt neither the good
will nor the sincerity of reformers ; but, somehow
or other, legislation has failed to give that relief
and procure that justice for the people which they
expected. Local Courts, formed on a uniform sys-
tem, would not, according to the statement in the
Spectator, be much more expensive than are the
Revising Barristers, and they might carry justice
to every man's door. We agree with Sir JOHN
CAMPBELL, that new laws are of less conse

(pence than a proper administration of the laws we
h a v e.

Our readers on referring to our Hatton-garden
report will see that an honest way of getting a living
may be very unlawful. A woman was carried be-
fore the Magistrate for selling fruit on the Sabbath ;
she pleaded that she could get .no work, and that
she had a husband sick in bed ; she was told that it
was unlawful to support her husband, unlawful to
maintain herself, and that if she persisted in such
unlawful, however kindly, affectionate, and honest
labours, the Magistrate would enforce against her
the strict letter of the law by way of example. Ike
means by punishing MARY MULLOONEY, to Warn
all wives that it is unlawful to support themselves and
their sick husbands. If such be the mode in which
:he law encourages the domestic virtues—in Greece
MARY would have had her name engraver), as an
honour, on a tablet, by the city authorities—we
need not be surprised to find amongst our wives a
want of affection and a disregard of the duties they
swear at the altar to perform.
In defence of MARY, let us remind the reader,
that the Sabbath, when alone the mass of the
work people get abroad, is the only day when she
can gain much. That is the day when the
customers of stalls in the streets most need such re-
freshments as MARY sold. Let us observe too,
in justification of MARY, that there is not one
merchant in the whole metropolis, not one man of
business, whether attorney or solicitor, who would
hesitate to follow his worldly calling on that day,
not merely if he could get, like MARY, a meal's
victuals for a sick and starving partner, but if he
could only add some particular sum to his store, or
make an advantageous bargain on that day and not
on another. Poor MARY ! What the great may
do with impunity thou art stricken for by the law;
and all affection, all duty, all respect for thy
sacred marriage vows must be driven out of thy
heart, lest the sanctified, the uncharitable, holier-
than-thou women and men, should be of.
Ifended by the exercise of thy mild and wife-
like virtues. Lest it should be possible that
the so-called saints have no feeling on this subject,
no respect for a wife's duties, let us remind them,
as we know they are alive to the value of money,
that if they will not allow MARY to earn her bread
in her own way, they must at least support her,
They will not be so cruel as to make a pauper of
her and degrade her to be the inmate of a work-
house ;
no,it they will give her a suitable pension; they
givewill
ll similar persons suitable pensions, and
their traffic and raise them to
tthhee then
etvheelyofm Aalyrss.t.A." and Lady E-----, who,
living on pensions, can afford to be idle on the

Sabbath, thoug.h report says that th(.Nv do not devote
the day to the dutics of religion, or to smoothing the
pillow of a sick husband.

!'a7 C itot 4 doubt, and we do not despair of sceing
the agriculturists themselves amongst the foremost
in demanding the repeal. The first good harvest
will make them sensible of the beauty of justice.
Whatever plan the Ministers may adopt, we be-
lieve they begin to be sensible that the country
cannot go on with the present system, and the
bulk of the population will, notwithstanding some
present coolness, enthusiastically support them in
any attempt to improve and gradually to abo-
lish it.

Sir JOHN CAMPBELL was entertained by a
I large party of his constituents at a public break-
fast on Thursday last. The Learned Gentleman's
visit to the Scottish capital was, it appears, too
short to admit of the preparations necessary for the
more elaborate affair of a dinner, otherwise that
compliment, we are assurcd, would have been paid to
him. A Scotch breakfast, however, is no bad
substitute, quoad substantials, for a dinner, and
in the present case seems to have gone off with much
eclat. Sir JOHN was received with great cor-
diality, and, if we may take the company assem-
bled on this occasion to do him honour as a fair
specimen of the Edinburgh electors in general, he
stands as high as ever—higher he could not
stand—in the good opinion and confidence of his
A report of the speeches will be

We have great pleasure in referring our readers
to a Church-rate Report, inserted in another part
of The- Sun. A signal victory has been gained by
the opponents of the " nefarious exaction" at
Alargate, after a severe and protracted contest, in
which the raters were led on by a person of the
name of COBB, an influential, and, as this struggle
has proved, not remarkably scrupulous Tory, exer-
cising the functions of brewer, banker, &c., &c„ in
that town. Let the Anti-Church-rate party in
other places take example from the honourable and
high-spirited conduct of the inhabitants of 'Margate.

constituents. _
found elsewhere.
The LORD PROVOST, who presided at the
meeting, it will be seen, alluded to the events which
would, in all probability, have taken place, had the
Tories been in office, during the period of the
Chartist agitation. In Ireland, he remarked, the
scenes of 1798 would have been re-acted ; and in
this country the same measures would have been re-
sorted to as Mr. PITT adopted in 1794—the scaf-
fold would have reeked with the blood of the vic-
tims of a faction, whose -acknowledged system of
rule is founded on the terror inspired by the exer-
cise of arbitrary power, not on the affections of the
people. We entirely agree with his Lordship in
this opinion.
In replying to this part of the LORD PROVOST'S
address, Sir JOHN CAMPBELL entered into an
explanation of the views and conduct of the Go-
vernment with respect to the Chartists. He it was,
in fact, who advised the proceedings, in the execu-
tion of which it fell to his lot to take, officially, so
prominent a part. This portion of the Learned Gen-
tleman's admirable speech deserves particular notice.
" That," he remarks, " was a period of great alarm.
The doctrines which they (the Chartists) dissemi-
nated were certainly destructive to the rights of
property and to social order. Their meetings as-
sumed a formidable aspect. The question was,
How shall peace be preserved and the law enforced ?
An awful responsibility was cast upon me, for it
was by my advice on this subject that the councils
of the Government were to be regulated.—(Cheers.)
For a time great reproach was cast upon me.
Some said we must have new laws of a coercive
nature ; a new system had sprung up in the country
for which the old laws were utterly inadequate.
Others said, we must call in force to put down
their meetings—we must call in the assist-
ance of the military, and crush those who seek to
disturb the public tranquillity. I thought it
would be wiser to pursue a different course—to
trust to the good sense of the people of Great Bri-
tain, and to the old common law of the land.—
(Cheers.) I introduced no new coercive measure
into Parliament—l gave no countenance to the em-
ployment of military force. Prosecutions were in-
stituted according to the established course of legal
proceeding ; and I may state that, without a single
exception, these prosecutions, wherever they were here is no political news in the Frence Jour
instituted, have, by the verdicts of juries, succeeded, nals of Sunday, the whole of which we have re-
-(Cheers.) Juries have done their duty, as they cciied. Notwithstanding the denial of the Moni-
always will do when confidence is reposed in them, teur, that passports were either promised or granted
and the consequence has been that, without a single to Don CAatos, the Commerce re-asserts that the
drop of blood being spilt, tranquillity has been re. resolution was actually taken to liberate the Pre-
stored.—(Cheers.)" tender, and that M. DE TINANT, one of SOULT'S
We think it fortunate for the Government and Aides-de-Camp, had officially notified to the Prince
the country that the office of Attorney-General was that his passports would be forwarded to him before
filled, at such a crisis, by a man of Sir Joule the expiration of the present month. Ii would ap-
CAMPBELL'S judgment, moderation, and consti- pear that this curious resolution was taken by the
tutional principles. The result has proved that French Court previous to any definite arrangement
the wisest policy in the long run is that with either England or Spain on the subject.
which is dictated by humanity and justice. The When matters were in this state, the President of
Chartists were encouraged in their tumultuous pro- the Council informed are Spanish Ambassador,
ceedings by the Tories, who thought Chartism a and our Charge d'Affaire s at Paris, that the war
capital instrument for pushing the Government into being virtually at an end in Spain, and Don
measures of severity against the poor deluded vi- CARLOS being but a mere cipher, the Go-
sionaries. Such measures, they foresaw, would he vernment would get rid of him by allowing
unpopular, more especially if adopted under the him to retire to Salzburg. The cool in-
sanction of laws made for the purpose, and encroach- difference with which so important a communica-
ing upon the liberties of the people. The villanous tion was made not a little astonished the Spanish
plot was, happily, seen through and defeated. Minister, who lost not an instant in preparing a
Sir JOHN CAMPBELL next referred to the out- formal protest against it, which was at once comm.
cry made against the Government, by the Tories, nicated to the French Mini ster. Our Government
for the small amount of legislation which the last united cordially with that ,of Spain in protesting
Session of Parliament afforded, and enumerated against the liberation of CARLOS, and thus the
several highly important measures, out of a great KING found himself placed in a very embarassing
many, which had been thrown out by the Tory ma- position. But a blunder of the Pretender's served
jority of the House of Lords. "To murder our to enable the French Government to concede with
children," said he, "and then to abuse us for being tolerable grace to the derna nds of England and
childless is rather hard." So we think, and so Spain. It appears that before taking refuge in
France he had written with 1 Us own hand letters to
must every one think whose heart is in the right
place. But what is to be expected from a party the Count IVESPAGNE trod CABRERA, in-
whose very name condemns them of murder and forming them of his being compelled to
rapine ?
fly into Franc ie, and imp; oring them to con-
On the following day, Friday, Sir JOHN was a tinue the war, as lie proposed to join them in a
guest of the High Constables at their annual dinner, few months with reinforcements, of men, and plenty
After adverting to some of the topics he had men- of money, in , A rragon. D'Es PAGNE fearing that
tioned at the Breakfast, and which we will not re- his troops tnig7nt he led to think the war at end,
peat, he made the following remarks on the Corn- published CAI Lims's letter in aes Order of the Day,
law. We quote from the Edinburgh Courant:— and thus in 'the nick of time, the circumstance
I have lately made a tour in France, where I had the reached the ear of the French Government.
opportunity of conversing with all ranks; and conditions of' Instead, thee` efore, of the promised passports,
persons, from King Louis Pbillippe, who graciously ac-
corded me an interview, to the drivers of the cabriolets in the President of the Council forwarded D'Es-
the streets of Paris—(A laugh)—and I was anxious to con- PAGNE'S Oil lei of the Day to the Pretender,
verse 'with all parties on international topics, and among •
othderßS, °nth° subject of mutual intercourse between France with an intim mkt) that he heal not kept faith with
gland. These are the two greatest countries in his friends at -the Tuileries, and that while he thus
Europe—the richest, the most commercial, the most in-
openly count( rnanced the continuance of the civil
' dustrious, the most intelligent; and yet there is less inter-
chanee of commodities between Great Britain and France war, the Kr IqG could not, without a breach of
treaty allow 1 rim to quit Bour ges. The Commerce,
than there is between Great Britain and sonic of the islands
in Australia.—(Hear.) When I reproached them with
their restrictive laws regarding British manufactures, the however, inti mates, that as ,the Pretender eluded
answer they returned was, what do you say to your Corn- the vigilance of the Police o nee before, it is not laws ? You will not allow a bushel of wheat to be brought .
into the country till corn has reached a famine price; impossible I) ut that he may (Po so again, without
till there be a scarcity in all parts of the world, and noreater incoA venience. We are ourselves of a simi-
m
provisidn is made to supply the general deficiency.
gJar opin ion.
There is no answer to this as an argumentum ad persona. We have had frequent occasion to
We have lately had a melancholy exemplification, of the remark, tha! t while the French, Police never mis-
mischiefs of the Corn laws, because not only was the take the idr
artily
of beggarly
tots aitors and conspira-
price of bread unnecessarily high, but the whole system of commerce was deranged.—( Hear.) There was no pre- tors, they s arely contrive to restrain the il'egal
paration made to take iu return far corn any of the COM- movements of ruffians of' a more exalted rank. Let
modities which we produce: the corn, therefore. was paid
t
For with the precious metals; and the drain of the pre the traitor lee some obscure poverty-stricken artizan,
cious metals on that particular occasion, has deranged all and we wee. ild defy all the Rewabli.cans in 'France to
of
the d
eve
n tthes world.
altogether
above hasthe
ir been
control,
haveparalysed ;
smuggle 11' i; m a league out of Paris without detection ;
been involved in inevitable ruin. The last words of the but let h; ren be some Prince, Courrt, or even Ge-
late Chancellor of the Exchequer in the House of Corn- neral, wit 1 a dashing exterie,r, in a land where
mons imputed all the commercial and financial difficultiestteral,
in which the country is involved to the present system of every foul eth man styles hims elf Colonel, and he
Corn-laws.—( Cheers.) I don't say that you ought at ma tray erse France without exciting a suspicion
once to admit corn into the country without a duty ; but y
of his lo salty. The fact, we believe to be, that
by a moderate and graduated scale, reduced from time to
time, you may at last come to a wholesome system, which treason in
_Paris manifests its elf more in the garb
shall end in the advantage of the landed interest, as well
and %he )ocket than in the countenance, the
as of the manufacturing and every other interest in the . . 1
heig,ht, and the' colour of Che hair—matters essen-
eon3munity.
Now all these observations are excellent, and it tie ily of no imps Irtance, tho ugh made to cut such a
delights us to find the highest law officer of Lord figure on the face of a passport.
MELBOURNE'S Administration speaking out in that' A French Jo! urnal slat es that a treaty will
bold and distinct manner. Mr. TUFFNEL) the, shortly be conclud 'ed betweeii the city of Hamburg
newly appointed Lord of the Treasury, and who is and the German ( 3ommercie Lea, This treaty
now canvassing Devonport, for which we have no is to be similar
doubt he will be elected, also declared himself fa- Hamburg and H Tolland.
' i 0 that rect
.!ntly ratified between
vourable to an alteration of the Corn-laws. From The French ( "onsul at Barcelona addressed a
these gentlemen prominently putting forward these letter dated the 1 i—itli inst. to the Chamber of Corn-
sentiments, we infer that the Ministers, taught by fierce, at Mar se illes, com) )laining of an act of
Corn-
the events of the last few months, by that derange- piracy commit met by the C arlists, on the 15th, at
merit of th® currency and inevitable ruin of the mouth or, the Ebro, on a Spanish vessel, partly
individuals caused by the Corn-laws—will next belonging ',O a French i nercheent. The San Anto•
Session propose a modification of these laws, re- nio, the • teasel in question, wa.3 attacked by a Car-
ducing the duty from time to time, till the trade is list ba,,ed, c omrnanded by
set free. Most heartily should we congratulate in-la' s
them and the country should they have come to any i AtuatomEo, the father-
them CAB'RERA. For
.unately the captain had a
P:.ece of artiller
such decision, and e on board , and the first shot hap-
most earnestly should we deem • poring to kill CO CO of thtt pirates, the
it our duty—unflinching advocates as we 1 '
are and their heels in Ca, slist fash ion. This is the second
shall remain of the total abolition of the Devil's act of piracy • .
comm fitted by the Car lists
li ts within a few
Laws—to give them our best support .gradually rest took to
in months on French 1 eroperty, •
bringing about, if such should be their plan, so de- The Bishop of C
HARM,
sirable a consummation. That the Corn-lawsand should
of Paris, ,
must coadjutor to the An thbishop Es is to be appointed
be sooner or later abolished, totally abolished, we I the health of the le tier be re
stored, it is proposed
......................................................1.=0..011..............111•/..1

The news received by the Hamburg Mail last
night confirms the accounts which we have heard
from different quarters of the emigration of the no-
bility and gentry of Hanover from the blessed do-
minion of King ERNEST. It appears that the
unconstitutional, tyranrical, and obstinate conduct
of the heir presumptive to the British Crown is so
insufferable that even the patient and loyal Ger-
mans, attached as they are to their native country.
are obliged to flee for relief to foreign lands. He
began first by attacking the Constitution granted to
them by his excellent and lamented brother.
King WILLIAM, and then vented his rage
on Professors, Corporators, Legislators, and on all
who did not concur with him in his bigoted claims
to what he calls his rights of prerogative. When
he has by these means banished all those who will
not lend themselves to arbitrary power, he may
boast that he has given peace to the country, as the
Romans gave peace, by causing universal desolation.
It is fortunate for this arbitrary Prince that he does
not rule over islanders who, rather than submit to
the influence and coercion of the Continental Powers
who secretly support him in this attack upon the
freedom and independence of his subjects, would
treat him as they treated the predecessors of the
House of Brunswick.

Madrid papers of the 20th inst., have been re-
ceived. The debate on the fiteros Was still going
on in the Senate. On the 19th a Cabinet Council
was held, when the question of a dissolution of the
Cortes, or of the Ministry, was strenuously argued
in presence of the Regent. General ALAIX spoke
in favour of the Exaltaclo policy, and evidently wishes
to take OLOZAGA and SANCHO into the Cabinet.
No definite measure was resolved upon, as nothing
could be done without the previous consent of Es-
PARTERO, who has not yet declared himself as the
adherent or leader of any party.
CABRERA has issued an Order of the Day to
his troops, dated tho... 11th instant, in which he
states that ESPARTERO, instead of victory, w
find a grave in Arragon.

Earl and Countess Craven have a select party at
Coogibe Abney, their seat near Coventry.
MADRID, OCT. 18.—Yesterday their Majes-
ties the Queen and Queen Regent, and the Infanta
Dona Luisa Fernanda, proceeded to the Convent
or Nunnery of the Delcalzas Reales, where they
stopped a good long hour to hear a grand mass
read and chaunted to our Lady del Milagro,
whose image is revered in that sanctuary of Charity
and Brides of the Saviour, in fulfilment of a vow made
on some pinching emergency of the late struggle. It
may be proper to observe, that the Pretender, when
fancying himself ascending the throne of Spain, had de-
clared it to be his sovereign will to shut the widow of
Ferdinand, as he used to call the Queen Regent, for
the rest of her natural life in this very same Nunnery
of Descalzas Reales, and that it is therefore natural to
conjecture that her Majesty may have made a vow vo.
butterfly to do homage at this wonder-working shrine,
del Milagro, if it should please Providence, at t_treein7
te..cclion of the Holy Virgin, to spare her this f
adoration for the remainder of her days.