The Sun.
London, England, 1863-12-05 00:00:00

worlds.
In the provinces the arrests are even more numerous
than before, especially among the Bourbonists, but it is
only fair to add that all are taken alike, the Bourbonists,
Garibaldians, and Mazzinists. Colour no longer counts. it,
is no longer a question of political opinions, but of private.
usage, interest, and antipathies.
In the Casano Mute and Benevento districts 30 persons
have lately been arrested on a charge of connivance with
the brigands. Others, warned in time, have escaped, and
have joined the band of the Pietragallesi.
From Catanzaro, we hear that a residence in the pro-
vince, even in the principal towns, has become impossible.
If one has the goad luck to escape the brigands, it is only
to fall into the grip of the Government, Monaco has found
imitators and supporters. The bands of Strataca, of Dome-
nico, of Sacchetiello, of Palma, of Parfundi, are much
talked of, as well as several others, who have not yet had
time to become famous. The province of Terra D'Otrante
is one of the 13 which are of right in a state of siege, but
until last week few arrests were made there. Sixty-four
persons were arrested at one time in the three little towns
of Castellanetta, Martina, and Gallipoli-40 of the most not-
able inhabitants of the country were put in prison. Brigan-
dage and arrests march side by side in Foggia, Lucerne.
pTahset monthspi
ei u
30 lui
tt
et leee hadtriubme epnh he el
la r
adl
oonf
gpillage
linane:l
ernedacttonir.
excesesse.
triumphmont increases the hatred excited by everything Pied-
ml.nGuthaeließias.ilicata, and especially in Malfii, the
to
the esof the authorities know really DO bounds, thanks
Venosa,
to ruin a 'man
humanity of M. Solera, the Minister of Police. At
was not as powerful as he
mr, the Chief of the Police, had deter-
minedM. Ruggieri cleared himself, and named Ruggieri, but his adversary
cation is indispensable to wa
'
arfi:cdh
farnoind thebei
nsgeeao:dusqeudahl i
thehe
of
rmcoenndt
eon:
njeudstthi justice
public here.
became accuser. The counsel
n37fiyo
du. e
dFtthinkFrom
o such
most, to dismissal from his post I
functionary, Guglielimi, to what
Not at all, but to the
galleys for life! Nevertheless, for three years, the life and
property of the citizens had been e
and all the others are about as.worth
Sept, to the 26th Oct,, in virtue of the powers conferredmthel7th
ALtndths:
the Government on the law of brigandage they have formed
several corps in the Neapolitan provinces, to be sent in
pursuit of the brigands. Many new bands are in process of
formation, especially in the Basilicata. A correspondent
writes to me frem Gallipoli, in the province of Leece :
" Here, as throughout the whole of the provinces, secret
lists are made of the inspected persons, in pursuance of
the Pica law, familiarly known here as the " Act for tiler
negation of all liberty." Party spirit, family discords, per-
sonal vengeance, anonymous denunciations—these are the
order of the day, so that arrests are multiplied all along the
line. One town offers a melancholy spectacle, indeed. From
every point came groups of people, led in under guards of
gensd'armes, arrested under the Pica law—that is, accused
of being suspected. Everywhere the prisons are full to
overflowing. In that of Ruffen° several prisoners narrowly
escaped suffocation, owing to the immense numbers of per-
' sons crowded together having utterly vitiated the air. A
little longer perseverance in this plan, and the Piednion-
tese will have imprisoned every honest man in the two

Sicilies."
M. Massari, in his report upon brigandaze, exults in the'M,
fortunate results of the levy of 1862. Nevertheless, the'
Chamber was obliged to vote a law for sending to the mili-
tary tribunals not only those who resisted the levy for mili-
tary service, bnt such persons as lent any support or aid to
that resistance. The discussion took place amid great op-
position. It was contended that the offences of citizens
should only be referred to their natural judges. But all
was in vain, the law was passed, the law is in action, and
God only knows with what violence it is enforced. Never-
theless, the refractories and the brigands increase in num-
ber every day. In Sicily especially, where formerly the•
conscription did not exist, refractories and deserts may be
counted by thousands.
You already know the measures adopted to prevent the
escape of the refractories. The towns are in blockade, no
one, no matter whom, is permitted to go out, even in cases
of absolute need, to fetch food, water, or any necessary of
life. In certain places in Sicily they allowed the sulphur to
be burnt, and on a complaint being made to the military
authorities those implicated were flogged with horsewhips.
The Terrentoto has already published some documents re-
lative to a conflict of this kind in the town of Favara. At
the commencement, these measures had some success, but
now the refractories are warned, and they go off to swell the
ranks of brigandage.
At Palermo, the results are small. A proclamation by
the military Government obliges the citizens to procure a
certificate of birth, which must always be ready to be exhi-
bited on the smallest requisition, if they do not wish to ex-
pose themselves to imprisonment as refractories; and the
administration is so ignorant of facts that it is not uncom-
mon to see a man of 30 arrested and called upon to exhibit
his son of 20, a bachelor, because his son is a refractory,
aeTcomplices—
sce. The Sicilian journals state that several names of
word, the
women have been found included in the lists attached to the
official notes relative to the refractories. Such is the a
girls.
of War on
racy with which the business is done I I cell-
prisons swarm with refractories and theira a
imprisoned and condemned
the indulgence
have (said he) such a,
t;
iii
nha teh eel rrssi i
nomfi
complainedojkt mothers,
t, relatives,lB6o3f.th i,
sy
We
tooutnhge
persons deputym edfor
large number of individuals
implore resistance
th
et ot
Ministerh e co n conscription, iption
solicit, that I
prisons." But to these just r'e
for these unhappy
tine as unjust and cruel,ink it
of yt
hdutyßing
to
(Another Correspondence.)
Who are rotting in the
raonstrances the authorities
answered, " If, by using h
what would(k app:lit
if we
means which you stigma..
I We cannot obtain any just re-
sults,
surrounded Ac a i (cx:E R
showed
onden ce any indulgence?_"
lA.), 20th November, 1863.—What shall
I say to you of our
to despair. No ' POEM Country ? It is a prey to disgust,
one can any longer live in safety. We are
all sides by brigands. We cannot stir out
of our houses without being laden with arms, like walking
arsenals. Nevertheless, the Government does not display
any energy ; its torpor would lead us to suppose that it is
as destitute of material as of moral force. No expedition is
undertaken against the brigands; they do not even give
themselves the trouble to try and surprise the enemy by
ambuscades. Tho band of Pierre Monaco continue to
ravage the country. The wretched families of the persons
Whom they have captured have sent 20,000 ducats to ran-
som these unfortunate creatures, but the brigands have re-
fused to take anything less than the sum they at first de'
mantled, 50,000 ducats (213,000 francs). This band is not
the only one—new ones start up day by day. It is fright'
for wo Calabrians know too well what brigandage rawal
hero. We are none the less crushed under the berate° °..
taxes which we have no means of paying. The 011;:litpwr°,
prietors are making next to nothing out of their
:venture
cannot procure labourers, because the timid will °off to rein-
out of the limits of the towns, and the others CO -
force the brigand bands.

-"*--.-. (From the
ail's.--
fjord Chancellor has
R ofU C Tt
0I
.OdNa y 7.
—T
TH
LIE e CIE
traction of the Circuits.
cLomaliwpEleCTteOidniilh:Tiss scheme for the rearbe numerous, and will
It is said that the changes will Idiacent Circuits. York-
be limited to the Northern ted to the Middle Circuit,
shire pad Durham are to be a Lind Warwick and North-
withp Leeds as Norfolk Circuit. These
to
but we trust they will not end
are manifest imPr°"nibeeclaeue for the overburdened Home
amn are to ban e
unitedassi ze
teevilt the
hero. Is nothing
thei tiav:rof lt etwh ien obvious courts at lV est m
improvementi n
as tdeorpat
adopted,
weeks, as the
1 Circuit and for
it
despatch every 0
fs
in the City? P
six
xthe metropolitan
:17district coextensive with the Central
Criminal Gear '
Wan Cour
Metropo
pThis done, all ether difficulties \ could disappear;
of
a Nisi
pries
t 6itttfloilrig twlijeth
buaine's " changes of
this, other are comparatively small
without
worth, and cannot be permanent ; f:1. to this we must come
sooner cr later. It would be for everybody if the scheme
were so complete that theta would be no need for further
change for a century to come. Tho professional arrange.
meats necessarily consequent upon these alterations are net
yet known. It is sail that the counsel at present upon
either of the amalgamated circuits arc to be permitted to
attend all or any of the assizes on both circuits. But this
will be often impracticable and always inconvenient, so
that in practice a choice will soon be made and each circuit
will possess its own bar. It will be awkward for some of
the leaders to be put to choose between their clients ; it
will be equally awkward for others to find leaders from
other circuits stepping over their heads, and possibly
winning the business they had obtained by the process of
living into it. how 'hese difficulties will be met is a pro-
I blew. of which we have heard ho Bolutiou,