The Sun.
London, England, 1837-06-29 00:00:00

GREECE.

FACILITY OF ESTABLISHING A N..4TIONAL
BANK IN GREECE.
Ccch

.
crane's " Wanderings in Greece" just!-'-
published.)
" My friend Bell, Luriottis, Maniachis, and myself, go. eri
round the fire at one end of the room ; the two latter ex-r 1
patiating with their usual enthusiasm on the excellence ofl
England, and our Constitution, manners, &c. We wen-
soon afterwards joined by Mr. Noel and Mr. Miller, who
immediately originated a conversation relative to a topic o-
which
which we were all, as well-wishers of Greece, deeply inte-h
rested—namely, the project of the establishment of a naig
tional bank in that country, at the suggestions of Mr.
Wright and other English capitalists, chiefly, as I under-.
stood, consisting of those individuals who had so successfully .
formed the provincial bank of Ireland, and the bank of Aus-
tralasia. It appeared that the gentleman to whom Mr.,':',
Wright had communicated his ideas on this subject, hat'
sailed that day for England; and I learned, from one of''
the Greek gentlemen of our party, that the project had
been entertained in the most eager manner by the Govern-
ent and by his Majesty, and that they were delighted'‘
m
with the prospect it presented of furthering the best inte-'
rests of Greece, at the same time that it secured a fair pro-
fit to the projectors. •„.ti
" .From the success which has attended the institutionsg,
above alluded to, and the benefits they have bestowed in -
their respective seats of operation, we inferred that nothing
could have been suggested more desirable for Greece, and
at the same time more promising and profitable for those
allied with her as friends, and commercial connexions.,
~
There are, it appears, about thirty-six millions of stremati4
of land in Greece, or eighteen millions of English acres. ,
About two thirds of these belong to the Government, and;'l,
the remainder to private individuals ; and of the latterki
about one-tenth only is cultivated—for the revenue taisint,iq
from the land-tax does not amount to more than four mil-- -
lions and a half of drachmas. The land is extremely fer-
tile, but the large landed proprietors have no pecuniary
means of bringing it fairly into cultivation ; nor can any .l)
possibility he obtained, except that all effective one, of the
advent of capital into the country.
" There are few persons in Greece who possess large
sums of money ; that is, amounting-4o 50,000/.—possibly
not more than six. The wealth of the Greeks generall
consists in large tracts of land. Before the breaking out
of the Greek revolution, the higher order of the Greeks
were in easy circumstances. But during the war their
estates were devastated, and the ready money which the 3

,corge

had amassed was expended in supporting themselves durin

the revolution, which broke out in 1821, and lasted for
seven years ; for the Greeks were not in possessien of the
Morea until the army of Ibrahim Pacha was forced to quit
the latter place in 1828. And in Attica and Continenti.j
Greece it was not till the year 1831 that the Turks were
finally expelled. At Egina and Salamine, too, during the
war, many of the above-named (once wealthy) families
were living in hovels not worth sixty drachmas a year—fa-
milies which had formerly enjoyed every comfort and dis-
tinction that wealth could give them.
" Under such a state of things it is evident that nothing
but the access into the country of new capital can remedy
the evil in question. But so soon as a national bank can be,
instituted, lending moncyat a moderate rate of interest, thi
situation of the Greek people, and the position of the Go-
vernment itself, will be greatly ameliorated, and the lands,
will immediately be brought into cultivation, to the utmost •
extent that the present diminished population will admit
the Greeks being extremely industrious, and no less frugal
in their habits of firing,.
" Another great utility and advantage arising to the;
country from the establishment of a bank would be this :
in all States, after a revolution, and particularly after one
so singularly disastrous as that brought about by the Greeks, •
it is natural to suppose that every one will endeavour to;
keep by him as much ready money as possible, fearful of
the repetition of past scenes. And although the integrity
of Greece is guaranteed to her by England and France.;
and Russia, the peasantry cannot forget their late suffer--
ings, and consequently they have not
-yet abandoned their
former universal practice, of concealing their money in the
earth. A Bavarian officer informed me, that during the
recent civil broils in Greece, he was sent with a detach-
meta to a village in Arcadia, at which place information..
had been given that there were secreted arms. They went
to a house where it was said the latter were deposited, and
in the garden attached they observed some recently turned
up earth. They instantly began to dig, when they found
several muskets and sabres, and about a thousand pounds'
worth of gold, in ail the various coins of Europe. This
was at the house of an apparently poor man, and is by no
means a solitary instance of the concealment of the preci-
ous metals, even at the present time. This arises solely
from the peasantry being afraid of leaving themselres with-
out ready money. As soon, however, as a national bank
.•
can be established, issuing money at a moderate rate of in-
terest, this will at once giro confidence to the nation as to
their actual condition and prospects ; and there is no douht

that the peasantry will be induced to bring forward their
money and employ it either in commerce or agriculture.'
Moreover, when money gets more plentiful, the extravagant'
rate of interest now paid for the loan of it will cease.
" I may here mention a fact that came within my own
knowledge, as to the market value of money in Greece
A poor man came to my house, and offered me 40 per cent.,l
with ample security ; and I have been informed, that the
Jews and other wealthy capitalists never demand less than
30 per cent., the validity of the security being unexcep-'

tionable. 11
" The charter of the contemplated bank, I have subse-._‘%.*
quently learned, was for thirty years, and the proposed.`.
capital was to amount to 1,000,0001. sterling, in cash, and:
the bank was empowered to issue notes to an equal amount.,':‘
The immense impetus that would be given to commerce byr:--.
the confidence excited by these notes being issued and re-k'"
ceived, would soon cause the establishment to rival similart
ones in England and America, and perhaps to exceed them;
for Greece is in an equally, and perhaps more favourable' .
situation than either of the above-named countries, as to't4t.
resources yet undevc!oped.
" On enquiring why the affair had been so long in agita-?.:7;
tion and concoction before its completion, I found that ite'.,
had met with the most strenuous opposition from two•7"=.
powerful parties :—first, France and Russia, whom it was,
rumoured were both afraid that England would obtain an`-:
undue influence in Greece ; secondly, from a few rich and',-;::
influential Greek capitalists, foreigners, and Jews, who re-
side in Greece, and are at present enabled to lend out their"
money at the rate of 25 and 30 per cent., but who, on theit.'
establishment of an equitable system cf money transactiono;
would no longer be enabled to reap such exorbitant profits.L
There are also certain dealers in the pi °duce of the land,
who purchase it of the indigent Greeks whilst still green
•
in the field, and make immense profits by it. Some a 150.:.„.
build houses, by which they obtain at least 30 per cent. for,'
their capital. Other speculators, of a still lower grade, :.
who possess small portions of land in the city, are induced,ti, .
by the high rent given for houses there, to borrow money to ...'
build, for which they pay the above exorbitant rate 0f..:.
interest. V
" These considerations are, I conceive, quite sufficient to
remove all surprise at the fact, of much opposition, even
from influential quarters, having been made to the establishs:
meat of a bank at Athens. And to the disinterested :-,
reader, I need not remark, that the very fact, therefore, of``
such opposition, on such grounds, is demonstrable proof of S.-.
the, eligibility of the undertaking—no less as regards the'`;
projecto,-5 themselves than the country in favour of which";
they are Lou: to act : as it is obvious that the rate of in-
terest would fall in ;iroportion to the confidence with whicht.
the notes of the Natiotsil Bank were received, and to the
extent of their circulation." t

Salmon was seldom known so cheap and plentiful in
th. 2 Limerick market as at ti,:s season, where that splendid fish,.!
may be had from 31. to 4d. per ti.;. [4
On Tuesday last, Thomas Post,,'?s and Joseph Dar it
bishire (the former a married man), both icsiding at Knuts. N.
ford, were brought up before Trafford Traffortl, Esq , High
Legh, near Knutsford. It appeared from the stztement of
the complainant (who is rather a good looking young woman,q
of about 17, and whose name is Atkinson), that her parent'6
reside at Aston, by Budworth, in this county, but she. herselfiji,
lives in service at Dunham Massey, a distance of about sever:
miles miles from her parents' house, and that on Sunday last..
she had permission to go and visit her parents. On her re-f.
turn back, about seven o'clock in the evening, she met with,:
Postles and Darbishire in a bye lane leading to the park of G.':.
C. Legh, Esq., of High Legh, across which park her nearest,.
way to her situation at Dunham lay. Postles walked before
her and Darbishire behind, until she had got over a stile lead-i
ing out of the Knutsford and Warrington turnpike road, into
the light hand side of the park which is close by a small plan- :',,
tation. Darbishire then called out to Postles to stop corn-'.w
plainant, which le did, and threw her down into a dry ditch,
,;•
ald proceeded to effect his purpose, in which he succeeded„
Darbishire having in the meantime come up end prevented .:
the complainant from alarming any one, by holding his 'nanci4*
over her mouth. Pestles afterwards did the same, whilst Dar-1
bishire effected his purpose. They then let her go; and on ,
her beginning to scream, threatened to murder her. Corn-t:
plainant stated that she then returned home as quick as .51. e
could, and immediately informed her parents of the circum '
stance, in which particular her father corroborated her. The
complainant, however, on being asked by Postles what dress "1:
he had on at the time, replied a brown coat and black hat. sl
Postles then said that although be co.tainiy was at High Legh -- 1
'all that day, on a visit to his father-i 0 law, with Darbishire,
yet they were both entirely innocent of the charge, and, in
proof of his assertion, said he could prove that all that day he
wore a white hat and a very light-colour,d coat. Under thcse'.
circumstances the case was remanded until the next day, when 'g
Postles proved by several nitnesses that he had the dress on
he stated. Under these circumstances Mr. Trafford sand 1:e.
should discharge tl,em on finding bail in 401. each, to a:,ie ur
to answer the. charge if called upon; wh'elt they inl:rediatt.lv
:.4 and were discharged acccrdill .-. 4,
...5•.!Mbimmi....a.0410911/RIMN•ww.•

MAILS.
trrived. Due Arrived. Due.
0 America Il 1 France 0 I
0 Mull.— 0 0 Guern. &Jersey 0
0 Tt.ierios A yrer 0 0 lia:nburg ..• .... 0
0 C irt'P a4ena 0 I Holland .... a
1 D 11,1 in... ....., 0 0 Jamai,,
1 Flanders ...... ... 0 (i Le _Ward islands io

Arrived. Due
0 Lisbon 1
0 3Salta 0
Mmen (1
0 Ostend 0
0 Sweden .. 11
1 Waterford 0

HIGH WATER LONDON MUDGE TO-NIORROW.
Aforning........ I' miP.atea after 0 I Erening......ll minutes after 0,

13, Great Marlborough-street.
TILE LANDED GENTRY.
rirliE SUBSCRIBERS TO MR. BURKE'S
HISTORY of the LANDED GENTRY are respectfully
'nformed that the 14th PART will be ready for delivery with the
Magazines, on the Ist of July.
" Two more Parts will complete the Work.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

THE NEW COMIC P:

EDITED B
&ND ILLUSTRATED BY GI
Co-morrow will be published, wit
George Cruik.hank, No. VII. (f
BENTLEY'S
Among the Content
Song of the Month, by " Father
Prout."
Oliver Twist, No. V., by Boz,
with an Illustration by George
Cruikshank.

fhe Butterfly Bishop, by Delta.
A. New Song to Kati. Kearney.
What Torn Binks did when he
didn't km,w what to do with
himself.
A Gentleman Quite.

The Foster-Child.

The White Man's Devil-horse,
by F. Harrison Rankin.
A Lyric for Lovers.
T..e Monk of itavenne.

Richard Bentley, Nc
*a* Orders rceeirci

ERIODICAL WORK,

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Baba's Last Visit to Eng.
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Shakspeare Papers ( No. 111. )
Romeo, by Dr. Maginn.
Adventures of Darby the Swift,
by J. A. Wade.
The Duel, by Captain Medwin.
The Piper's Progress, by Father
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A Marine's Courtship, by M.
Burke Henan, with an Illus-
tration by George Cruiksbank.
The Leech of Folkestone, by
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TO THE WORTHY AND INDEPENDENT ELECTORS

GE STLE3IEN,

OF LUDLOW.

EN consequence of the near approach of a G ENE-
RAL ELECTION, I feel it my duty to declare myself a
'ANDIDATE for your BOROUGH.

The immemorial connection which has subsisted between the
independent Burgesses of Ludlow and my family, encourages me
o hope that I shall be considered no intruder on this occasion.

My political opinions, to a certain extent, agree with those of the
resent Administration, end it is my firm conviction that, in the ex-
Ling state of parties, ANY GOVERNMENT WHICH UNITES THE
:ODY OF lIEFO::3IERS IS ENTITLED TO SUPPORT. I may, how-
vcr, be permitted to say, that occasional differences are by nrimeans
aconsistent with an adherence to general principles. Amongst other
aeasures 1 am particularly desirous for TRIENNIAL PARLIA-
'LENTS and VOTE by BALLOT, which cannot but tend to
'nprove the relations between Representative and Constituent.
To these sentiments, Gentlemen, 1 shall strictly adhere, and
hould you consider me worthy of the distinguished station which I
eel:, no effort shall be wanting on my part to justify your choice.
need not add that I shall be at my post on the day of Election,
..evious to which, I shall have the honour of waiting upon you in
,erson.

I have the honour to be Gentlemen,
Your most obedient and faithful servant,
HENRY SALWEY.

Egham Park, June 24, 1837.

-he publication of THE Sus NEWSPAPER commenced this day
at 10 minutes past Three o' Chick.

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LONDON,
THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 29, 1837.

In the House of Lords yesterday, the business was u-
nited to the p-eseranticn of some petitions and the for-
vardiag of several Bills. The Post Office Acts Repet.l
Bill aad four other Bills relating to the Post Office svete
sassed.

In the House of Commons, the proceedings possessed
')ut little interest, the business there also being chiefly con-
qned to the advancing' some Bills a stage.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL gave notice, that he would
proceed with the Imprisonment for Debt Bill this day.
Mr. Sergeant TALFOURD'S Copyright Bill was read a
;econd time, and on the Learned Gentleman's motion,
(greed that it be committed that (lay three months.
The Bonded Corn Manufacture Bill was, on the me-
io of Lord CIIANDOS, after some discussion, rejected by
a m 'jority of 35.

We have received within the last few days numerous
:ommunications on the subject of the approaching
Elections, as also many Addresses of Liberal candidates
o their constituents. Among the latter we may men-
''lon the Address of Mr. SALWEY to the electors of
„.. Ludlow, which appears in The Sun of to-day, and
which is penned in a frank, strait-forward spirit
:qr. SALWEY is evidently no half-and-half Reformer.
• He does not mystify, or deal in ambiguous phrase_
.: )logy ; or leave himself a convenient loop-b:oie out of
which to escape, when the business of liis election is
fiver. He is too manly and candid for any Tory
5 ricl;ery of this fort. He comes boldly before the
-!lectors of Ludlow, and tells them in the plainest and
concisest terms, " I am for Triennial Parliaments"—
:-‘ I am for Vote by Ballot ".—." I am for Union among
,i. Reformers." Now thi; is the language we rejoice to see;
this the spirit which shall ever find—as it has ever
found—ir, The Sun, hearty, unqualified support. We
are not for half-and-half candidates—for men who
hold one language on ;lie hustings, and another in the
OF-louse cf Comm.'ons ; who are neither " fish, flesh, nor
good r,:.).1 herring," but mere waiters on the chapter of
accidents. We are for Reformers who know their own
minds ; who think rationally, and decide promptly ;
who tell us, without circumlocution or disguise, what
we are, and what we are not, to expect from them ;
who, in fact, will go the whole hog in Constitutional
Reform. Mr. SALWEY is a candidate of this nature ;
wherefore he may rely on whatever support it may be
in the power of The Sun to afford him.
And here we may observe by the way, that we shall
make a point of watching narrowly, and scanning
critically, every address put forth by Liberal candidates
'o their constituents. There was so much humbug
!ast election in these matters ; so much specious sophis-
try, and doubtful expression ; so much promise, and so
little performance ; that we feel it would be a gross
dereliction of duty, were we ever again to say a word
in favour of the address of any one candidate, which
can bear more than one interpretation. 'We are sick
,f the cuckoo cry, " I am a Reformer." We require
something more definite and explicit. Wc require toknow ;
to what degree the candidate is a Reformer ; whether he
1