The Sun.
London, England, 1837-08-11 00:00:00

PORTUGAL.

ADDRESS OF TIIE CORTES TO THE QUEEN.
" The Portuguese nation, in granting to us ample powers
for the revision and modification of the fundamental law of
the State, solely limited us to the following conditions (im-
posed on us by a sense of national wisdom)--that we should
secure the legal liberty of the people, the prerogatives of the
constitutional throne, and that the new social compact
should be made to harmonize with the other representa-
tive monarchies of Europe.
This mandate of the nation, which we have scrupul-
ously commenced executing, and religiously intend to com-
plete, is vilified by a set of intriguers, who, taking the name
of your Majesty in vain, and sacrilegiously invoking the ever-
beloved memory of your august father and our liberator, have
abused the good faith of inexperienced soldiers to incite
them t, rebellion. So great is the fidelity of the Portuguese
that they are only to be led on to treason under the mask
of loyalty, and well do those who have thus abused every-
thing n hich is held most sacred and holy by the people
know this ; as also that the nation at large is undeceived
with regard to them and their intentions ; for even among
the very soldiers thus deluded, many s tan saw the snare, and
turned their backs en the treason towards which they were
entered. But the real aim of the anthr;t•s of this revolt is
far different front what they process, an obj-et they are
ar.are they arc not likely to attain ; the only effect, of their
vain efforts may possibly be the provocation of the minds of
the people, and eventually I.lnoging the nation into anarchy.
This is the revenge, of a horde of barbarians against a na-
tion which seek; to repel them.
" It is our duty as Portuguese and representati% es of
Portugal to present ourstll.es b9forc the throne of your Ma-
jesty, and to declare solemnly, in the face of the nation,
that the ennstituent Cortes, faithful to their mission, and
fully confiding in the people they represent, are resolved to
defrat the machinations of their enemies, to maintain ii-
bety with order, and to preserve inviolate the :acrid depo-
sit confided to them,

We hope that your Majesty's Government, exerting
all necessary energy, will know how to temper the whole-
some rigour of the law with all necessary prudence,
" The liberty of the country can never perish—your Ma-
jesty's throne is secure in our hearts, but it behoves us to
preserve the tranquillity of the country, which is so much
wanted to retrieve the sacrifices which have been made for
the cause of your Majesty, and for which she is amply re-
paid by thus bong the means of replacing your Majesty
on the throne of your ancestors—a beloved pledge of our
librrty and independence.
" Corte4, July 28, 1837."

The Animals' Friend Society has convicted thirteen
offenders, during the last two weeks, in London and
Gravesend, for greet cruelty to their cattle, and for furious
driving ; four of them in very heavy penalties. But we
were sorry to find that Alderman Thomas Wood dismissed
the charge of cruelty against the omnibus•driver, 263, of
having violently lashed the horses whilst going full gallop,
with a full load of passengers in a crowded thoroughfare, the
Alderman observing that " he saw no cruelty in the case,"
and believed that the horses took as much delight in this
sort of thing as the drivers!" The Society spares no ex-
pense to redress these evils, but a corresponding exercise of
duty in the Magistrates, and liberality in the public, is abso-
lutely required to obtain the much needed results. In Graves-
end the Magistrates are exemplary ; and in one of the cases
last week the Mayor(— Oakes, Esq.,) conjointly with Mr.
Arnold, a member of the Committee, was the complainant,
and obtained a conviction of 40s. for cruelty to an ass.

THE SUN, LONDON., FRI DAN., AUG ITST li, 1837.

47, Paternoster-row.
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/THE SPECTATOR'S COMPLETE LISTS
JIL of the NEW HOUSE of COMMONS (with Analytical
Tables, showing the strength of Parties, the politics of individual
Members, the changes of political feeling in Constituencies since
1535, and other indicia of the 'future Policy of the Government),
will be published in THE SPECTATOR of SATURDAY, the
19th instant.

It is hoped that this work will be formed nearly as accurate as
the aim is to make it impartial. Throughout the General Elec-
tion now drawing to a close, the Spectator's Tables hare been
framed with a single eye to truth and fairness, and with a freedom
from party trammels whieh no other Newspaper has dared.

The publication of Tna Son NEWSPAPER commenced this day
at 10 minutes past Three o'Clock.

„or&—
Akt,

e

LONDON,
FRIDAY EVENING, AUGUST 11, 1837.

The issue of the few remaining elections may now
be anticipated with sufficient accuracy to warrant the
assertion, that there will be a working majority of from
20 to 30 on the Liberal side, with which to commence
business in the New Parliament. There are not less
than a dozen returns in favour of Tory Members which

will, to a certainty, be set aside, and which, making a
difference of 24 votes, will raise the Ministerial majo-
rity to about 50. When to these are added the Wa-
verers who may be expected on this, as on all similar
occasions, to join the Ministerial ranks shortly after
the meeting of Parliament, we do not over-rate the
ultimate result when we state that it will exhibit a
preponderance of 60 votes in favour of the QUEEN'S
Government. In this calculation we have carefully
guarded ourselves against exaggeration, thinking it

safer, and, therefore, better, to err on the other side

A majority of sixty may not, perhaps, appear to
some persons so ample as might have been expected,
under all the circumstances of the case, or as might
he
,desirable to give an impulse to the tardy march of
Reform. Some may say that a Parliament, elected
under the auspices of a Liberal Government,
should have contained a greater number of Libe-
rals, and may perhaps wonder that there should
not have been a greater difference than at first
sight there appears to be, between the PEEL Parlia-
ment and the MELBOURNE one. This very super-
ficial difficulty is easily solved. When the last Par-
liament was elected the Tories were in power, and no
one need be told that they made 'a
more unscrupulous
use of that power than a Government ever did before
to influence the elections. They promised, bribed, in-
timidated, coerced in every direction, sticking at

nothing that could secure the return of their creatures.
Now these are means to which the principlei of the
NIELBOURN E Administration will not allow them to
resort. The present Government cannot avail itself
of any of those unprincipled and unconstitutional me-
thods—not even to oppose those who have used them
under their very noses—who have drawn their sup-

porters even train the offices and establishments of the
Government itself. Thus the Ministers may be said,
by their adherence to principle, and by their extreme
lenity and generosity—unworthily repaid—to have
furnished their opponents with weapons against them-
selves.

With respect to the progress of improvement under
the new state of things, it must be recollected that if
the Ministers have not an overwhelming majority in
the House of Commons, they have the Court heartily
with them, which they never had before, and this will
not be forgotten by the Obstructives in the House of
Lords. They may perhaps convince the refractory
Peers, that should they shew the same symptoms of
opposition to the will of the people As they have done
during the last two or three years, there arc ways and
means in their power of overcoming that opposition.

The official declarations of the Polls for South Lan-
cashire and North Wilts were made—for the former,
on Monday last at Manchester ; and for the latter, on
Tuesday last at Devizes. Lord FRANCIS EGERTON
was the chief speaker at the one place, and Sir
FRANCIS BURDETT at the other, and it is curious to
observe the striking similarity, in point of sentiment,
that exists between the speeches of the two successful
candidates. Both lisp the praises of " our glorious—
our unrivalled Constitution in Church and State ;"
both abound in unmeaning professions of liberality ;
and both sedulously avoid saying anything definite or
positive on the subject of Reform. The speech of Sir
FRANCIS BURDETT, in particular, is as promising a
specimen of unleavened Toryism as we ever met with ;
and convinces us that this " faded" patriot is far more at
home in advocating the wrong side of the question
than ever he was in advocating the right. There is
no impugning the sincerity of his present intolerance ;
indeed he himself takes special care to remove all
grounds for distrust, by boasting, in almost every other

tentente, of the exceeding pleasure he has derived
hot-Witte tot-eviction of his full and perfect apostacy.
Ile exhibits his turned dont with an air of doating,
(76110. h-innate " Mark, !2entlerneu," be cries,
how eitieetu3lly have succeeded in turning it inside
out. Not a stitch—not a rag of its old exterior is
anywhere, visible. It is now full as good as new
gives ale gnite a respectable appearance ; and will
last me for the remainder of my life. I do
assure you, gentlemen, I feel quite vain of it.
to itv • original state it hung somewhat loosely
upon me ; but now tint this defect has been re-
medied, it is as tight a fit as ever was made.
Such is pretty nearly the stun and snbstance of the
Honourable Illrotieen speech, with the exception of
thtlt pottion of it wherein &hides to O'CoNsF.L.L.
Of Stnglernan Sir FRANCIS cannot bring himself
to speak with eVen Oftlinary courtesy. He was his fa-
vourite theme of abuse during th whole of the North
Wilts election; and even now that he lia4 secured his
return", and is recommending conciliation to the elec-
tors, he, cannot avoid giving him a parting kick.by way
Of benediction.- Alas, what a rankling churn O'CON-
NELL has been, and still is, in the side of this "foolish,
faded, :old gentleman He is a cotmtsnt, irri-
tating blister to his self-conceit, haunting his imagina•
tion with the same tenacity with which Lord
JOHN RUSSELL haunted the imagination of the
poor lunatic, as was stated the other day, in
the course of a Commission de Lunntico Inquirendo.
Sir FRANCIS BURDETT will never forgive O'CON-
NELL for hXving presumed to engross a larger share of
public attention than himself ; he will never forgive
him for his superior capacity as an orator and a states-
man ; for his having carried, almost single-handed,
Catholic Emancipation, when he (Sir FRANCIS) was
labouring in vain for years to carry Reform ; and
above all, and before all, he will never forgive him for
that unflinching steadiness and consistency of purpose,
which contrasts so remarkably with the flagrant apos-
tacy of " Westminster's Pride and England's Glory."
It is here the shoe pinches. This is the true secret of
the Hon. Baronet's humiliating conversion. He had
rather " reign in Hell, than serve in Heaven"—that
is to say, be of first-rate importance among the Ultra-
Tories, .than be less influential than O'CONNELL
among the Reformers.

Judging from the rancour with which certain un-
principled• organs of the Ultra-Tory faction assail
Ministers and their friends, whenever they have oc-
casion to allude to the Poor-law Amendment Act, a
stranger to the proceedings of Parliament upon this
measure would be led to attribute the alteration in the
old system wholly to the Whigs—to conclude, in
short, that it was not against the Reform Bill, but the
New Poor-law Act, that the Tory aristocracy of Eng-
land struggled so desperately during the memorable
period of the GREY Administration. Now, though
we are of opinion that the Poor-law Amendment Bill
is one of the best measures that human ingenuity could
have devised for promoting the social welfare of this
country, we cannot claim for the Whigs all the merit of
carrying it into a law. No equally good measure was
ever before so cordially supported by the Tories. The
Conservatives in the House of Commons congratulated
the Cabinet upon the introduction of so excellent a
measure ; and, as for the Tory Peers, they vied with
each other in accelerating its progress through the
Upper House. To attack as a purely Whig-Radical
measure a Bill supported in the Commons by Sir R.
PEEL, and in the House of Peers by Lords .LYND-
HURST and WINCHILSEA, and the Dukes of CUM-
BERLAND,WELLINGTON, and NORTHUMBERLAND,
is not however inconsistent with the dishonest tricks to
which the Tory organs have recourse when labouring
to excite a popular clamour against Ministers. The
Poor Law Amendment Act is as much a Tory as it is
a Whig measure—as much the Duke of WELLING-
TON'S concoction as Lord MELBOURNE'S. It is not
a party question, and has never been regarded in the
light of one by any journal possessing a particle of
political honesty, or the shadow of a regard for prin-
ciple. We' would not now allude to the calumnies of
the Tories on this subject, did we not learn that in
some parts of the country a ridiculous impression ex-
ists among persons hostile to the new system, that the
the return of the Tories to office would be the
signal for a repeal of the Poor Law Amendment Act.
Upon this point it may be as well to undeceive them
at once. The leaders of the Tory party are warmer
admirers of the operation of the Poor Law Amend-
ment Bill than are even those members :of her MA-
JESTY'S Government who took the most active part in
recommending it to the adoption of the Legislature.
This is a fact the correctness of which neither Sir
ROBERT PEEL, the Duke of WELLINGTON, Lord
LYNDHURST, nor any other Conservative leader in
the United Kingdom, will attempt to question.

F rt/NDS.—PA ANIL 9.
F vc per Colts., :10f. -10 e. ..5e
Four and a Half per Cents. la 1.
force per I v;lts. eq. .2 c.
Bank Actions,
haute et Naples' 97f. 5)(11 9:ic 971 10c., 25c.
Roman Five pi,Cents.„ 10114 101.
Spanish Actives, 231.4 21.
Spanish Passives,
B ian Loan. Five per Cents . 103.
Brussels Society, I,4liff.
Belgian flank, 1,43;1 1,43.? f. Are.
Porttigne, Three ner C.ent, .211.
Dutch Two and a Half per Cents., 5231.
Daytian Loan. 325 f. 320 f.
ILX en AMC K oNr ONIION.
One month, plier,.l7if„3;l4c„; money, 11:a. JS
Iliree months, pa;-er, 251 211 r.; inoncY. —l. —C.
yt

I„4.sr PRICES.
Five per Cents.' I Int: hOe.
Three per Cents. ittf. 41c.-
Batik Actions, •2,41f0.
Boman Five per Cents , 101.
Belgian Loan, 203
Belgian Bank. I,4Wf see.
Belgian Society, htir)of.
Portuguese Three per Cents., 2tig.
Hayti.in Loan,
Spanish Actives, 23.
Spanish Passives 5%.
,Spanish Differes 7.

We hare received the whole of the Paris Journals
of Wednesday. Their contents are, of no political
importance. The KING and Royal Family are pass-
ing their time very agreeably in Normandy, and the
country is more tranquil than jt has been at any period
within the last quarter of a century. -From Spain the
following intelligence had been communicated by tele-
graph to the Government :
TELEGRAPHIC DESPATCHES.
" BORDEAUX, AUG. 7, 6 P.M.—The Governor. of Sl-
ragossa announces on the 3d that the Pretender was on the
Ist at Villarluengo, Lacanado, and Tronchon ; and that
Espartero arrived on the 31st at Iglesuela. The Carlist
expedition, which has passed the Ebro and entered Cas-
tile, was on the 29th between Cobarrubias and ArandA.
Its ulterior direction was not known. Since the 27th of
July, on which day Acalla arrived at Lerma, nothing has
been known as to his movements, nor as to those of Es-
calera."

" BAYONNF AUG. 7 8 P.m.—According to accounts

from Saragossa of the 4th, am Carlos and the Infante
were still at Iglesuela del Cid, and the main body of his,
army at Cantavieja, cutting off the roads and preparing a
vigorous resistance. Tristan• had drawn to the Ebro, near
(luta. It is not believed to be his intention to favour the
return of Don Carlos into Catalonia. Guergue has re-en-
tered Navarre, leaving on the 30th, at Lerma, Z triategui
with 10,000 men. It is believed that Guergue is gone to
prepare a new expedition."

_
The private correspondence of the most influential
of the Paris papers represents the condition of Don
CARLOS as desperate. His ambition is now confined
to the effecting a retreat into the Basques. This he
cannot accomplish, if the QUEEN'S Generals do their
duty. He is now virtually at their mercy.
(From the French Papers.)
It is now evident that the expedition of Don Carlos has
failed ; it is no longer in force to march against Madrid, or
to take Valencia, or to form a solid establishment in the
mountains of Catalonia, where it was predicted that the
Pretender would fix so many resources for his army, and
so much sympathy for his cause. Don Carlos would now
be happy to maintain his ground for some time in the moun-
tains of Cantavieja. This.position is difficult of access ; it
commands the basins of the Ebro, the Tagus, and the GUa.
dalquiver. If he could fortify himself there, he might be
able to undertake some enterprise which would raise a little
the spirits of the partisans of absolute power ; but if the
mountains of Cantavieja are easily to be defended, they
afford scarcely any resource for the subsistence of the
troops. The Pretender can find in this place, therefore,
only a means to halt, to wait for the partial expeditions
which have orders to join the principal expedition. The
military ascendancy is now with the Constitutionalists.
Orders have been given to the Carlist General Uranga
and the juntas of Navarre, Biscay, Guipuscoa and Alava,
to enroll all the young men who are of age to bear arms.
The Christino troops now in Navarre are preparing
to
attack the several points fortified by the Carlists.
The junta of Castile has ordered two squadrons ofcavalry
They are too
to be formed at Algua (Guipuscoa.) consist f
200 men destined for Castile. An agent is sent to pur-
chase horses.

On the 31st the Carlists captured a great number of
loaded mules on the line cf Zubiri.
Two mere battalions embarked on the 31st at St. Se-

bastian for Santander. The political chief of Sounder
writes t) at the Cg list chief expedition under Guergue and
Elio had advanced to Brimlir. between Briviesca and Bur-
gos ; but burl been forced hy want of provisions to put hack
to the mountains of Santander. Great alarm seems to
have been felt whit., waiting the to-rival of the troops that
were tole:lye St. Schastio.ri on the Ist .kug.—Le. Commerce.

Brussels and German Papers have been received
with advices from Constantinople to the 20th ult., ex-
tracts from which will be found in another part of The
Sun.