The Sun.
London, England, 1863-07-24 00:00:00

PRIVATEERING.

Mr. COBDEN called attention to the exploits of the
Oreto alias the Florida, the Alabama alias the 290, and'
the Japan alias the Virginia. The hon. gentleman hav-
ing dwelt upon the provisions of the Foreign Enlistment
Act, and to the attacks which the above-named vessels had
made upon the merchandise of a friendly power, remarked
that every vessel which was captured by them was taken
note of by the American Government. In all cases the
value of the vessels seized were taken by deposition on
oath, and in all eases a claim was made for compensation
on this country. The Government always resisted these
claims, but that was the most serious part of the matter,
and he contended that in such cases every man ought
to constitute himself a detective policeman in order
that these proceedings might be frowned down. By
every feeling of reciprocity towards the American people
we
eotight to strive to put down these illegal practices. BC
thought these was every claim upon the Government to
prevent
point he
armed vessels from leaving these shores. On
he constantly saw fallacies running through the

speeches of Earl Russell and the Solicitor-General, for they
constantly confounded two things, the evidence necessary to
detain a vessel, and the evidence necessary toconr In one
case a Confederate vessel went out with a pi ;-ric party ;
that was a most deceptive act, and the Government might
have prevented it by putting a Custom- e officer on
board. He hoped that by no technical t.v sion another
vessel for Confederate purposes would be a, wed to escape
from these shores. The terrors of the civil war in Ame-
rica were frightful, but he hoped they would not be ex-
tended by any connection with it on our part. All he asked
for was neutrality. (Cheers.) Whatever might be the
issue of this dreadful war, let England keep clear of it.
His voice:would be mute, and what he asked was that Eng-
land should be silent and sorrowful until this dreadful civil
war was over.

Mr. LAIRD denied that the Alabama went out of
Liverpool in an improper way.
Mr. COBDEN said he quoted Lord Russell.
Mr. LAIRD said he was not responsible for what Lord
Russell said. She went out of dock in the blond daylight.
Mr. COBDEN—Did she take a clearance?
Mr. LAIRD—She did not require a clearance. -
THE lONIAN ISLANDS.
Lord J. MANNERS complained of the conduct of the
Foreign Office in excluding Turkey from the proposed con-
ference to whom is to be referred the cession of the lonian
Islands to Greece. He should like to know whether Turkey
had made any demand to be admitted to the Conference.
He considered that the' cession of the lonian Islands was
the :most unpolitic, uncalled for, prejudicial Act ever com-

witted.
Mr. C. BENTINC
b e
lonian Parliament ? K i
nt
aq uk
ierne ab
we
fho reet ht
ehre mtheee ziopinion
t ef
the Conference would
Ng se ani e hea t
th adx t lir
.s t ecnoebdd
ewur
bgreat
attention Lord P tor"' M
theEl t Bhon.T°
appeared to him that he and her Majesty's Government,
and he thought the
matterthe coun tfrryomat
alardgiefiersetuarttepdoiou.
ntthe
He
(theconsi-
deration of the
noble lord) looked upon the two parties as in arms against
each other, and as such, belligerents, and therefore entitled
to all the rights and privileges of belligerents. That which
was running in the head of the hon. gentleman, and which
guided his reasoning. as well as his feeling, was that the
Union was in legal existence, that there were not two belli-
gerents, but a legitimate Government, and a rebellion
against that Government. Now, what was the duty of a
neutral with regard to two belligerents ? The American
Government had laid it down for themselves, for they had
laid it down that a neutral might supply a belligerent with
ships, arms, ammunition, or anything else, although they
might be important ingredients in naval and military
operations. The hon. gentleman complained that her
Majesty's Government had not taken proper steps in
this matter, bat had rested upon information derived
from the American Minister. He could assure the hon. gen-
tleman that that was not the case, and he believed that the
hon. gentleman and the Federal Government were not en-
titled to say that the Government had omitted to do anything
L by law they could do in reference to this matter. At the same
1 time he thought this country ought to enforce its law in these
matters as stringently as possible. With regard to the ques-
tion of the noble lord (Lord J. Manners; he said the Sultan was
not an acceding party to the protectorate. A treaty would be
signed by the Powers before the meeting of the lonian
Parliament.

CONSOLIDATED FUND (APPROPRIATION)
BILL.
This bill was read a third time and passed.
AUGMENTATION OF BENEFICES BILL.
This bill, with some modifications, passed through C3M.
mittee.
The Rum Duty, the Clergyman (Colonies), the Super.
annuation (Union Officers), and the Alterations in Judges
Circuits Bills passed through committee.
The Colonial Acts Confirmation Bill was read a third
time and passed.
The sitting was then suspended.
At six o'clock the house resumed.
BANKRUPTCY FEES.
In reply to three questions from Mr. COX, relative to
the remuneration to the Crown Solicitor in the Court of
Bankruptcy, and the terms of the order under which such
remuneration was made,
The SOLICITOR-GENERAL said that the gross sum
he had mentioned on a former occasion as having been
paid to Mr. Aldridge, was only the sum paid from the
account standing in the name of the Accountant-General
in Bankruptcy, and would not include sums paid to him
in respect to other branches of his employment, and
which were paid in the ordinary manner. The gross sum
received by Mr. Aldridge from all sources, during the first
year of his appointment, was £3,565 Bs. sd. s and deducting
the disbursements, the net sum received was £1,519 7s, 10d.,
and the gross receipts during the third half-year from all
sources was £1,689 Bs. Bd. ; and deducting the disburse-
ments, the net receipts for the third half-year was £663 Is.
11d. With regard to the second question, the facts were
these : The Lord Chancellor had originally made arrange-
ments for a single year's remuneration, but subject to revi-
sion after the working of that year. On looking at the ac-
count of the laat half-year of the first year, the Lord Chan-
cellor said that a larger sum had been received than he had
anticipated would be the case, and therefore in December,
1862, he directed Mt Aldridge to be told that his remunera-
tion for the future should not exceed two-thirds of the for-
mer amount received under the original arrangement. The
future remuneration of Mr. Aldridge would not exceed
£1,200 a year, including everything.
NEW ZEALAND.
In reply to Mr. W. FORSTER,
Mr. FORTESCUE said no application had been made
by the Governor of New Zealand to the Governor-General
of India. But the facts were these : The Governor of New
Zealand, Sir G. Grey, had by the last mail written home to
the effect that he had great reason to apprehend that the
murder of the officers and soldiers of one of her Majesty's
regiments would be the signal for a renewal of the war, and
a formidable attack by the natives upon the European set-
tlers ; and he made an urgent application to her Majesty's
Ministers to increase the force in New Zealand by the ad-
dition of one European regiment and of two regiments of
Sikh troops from India; it being the opinion of military
men in New Zealand who had served in India that those
troops would be well adapted for New Zealand warfare.
Her Majesty's Government had had that application under
consideration; and, in consequence of the critical condition
of the colony, they had come to the decision that it ought
to be complied with.
COURT-MARTIAL AT MHOW.
In reply to two questions from Mr. CONINGHAM,
The Marquis of HARTINGTON said there was no ob-
jection to lay upon the table a copy of the warrant granted
to the Commander-in-Chief in India, confirming the sen-
tence on general courts-martial on officers. Lieut. Fitzsi-
rnon had not yet been removed from the adjutancy of the
Enniskillen Dragoons, and if the hon. member referred to
Army List, he would see his name still appeared there as
adjutant of the regiment. It was true, however, that Lieut.
Fitzsimon had been suspended by Col. Crawley, subject to
the sanction of the Commander in-Chief, who declined to
take any further action in the matter until the conclusion of
the court-martial on Col. Crawley, which was to take place
in this country. One of the most important points the court-
martial would have to decide would be the difference be-
tween the statements of Col. Crawley and Lieut. Fitzsimon.
He thought, therefore, the Commander-in-Chief was per-
fectly right in not sanctioning, in the meantime, the sus-
pension of Lieut. Fitzsimon.
Mr. BOUVERIE said that two memorandums had al-
ready been laid before the house. Now, the second of those
memorandums had been produced at his (Mr. Bouverie's)
request. That memorandum was marked " Private," and
was not the document which he desired to obtain. Indeed
he did not think it ought ever to have been published. 114
now wished to know whether there was another document,
signed by the Adjutant-General ; and, if so, whether there
would be any objection to its production ?
The Marquis of HARTINGTON said that a consider-
able amount of correspondence had passed upon the sub-
ject. He did not think it woald
.be fair or convenient that
he should produce one'out of a series of documents. (Hear.)
If the hon. member wished to move for the production of
the whole of the papers, the Secretary of State would con-
.sider whether the request could be complied with, butunder
the circumstances, he thought it would be an unfair pro-
ceeding to produce one document out of the entire series.
THE MURDEROUS ASSAULT IN A RAILWAY
CARRIAGE.
Mr. BLAKE asked the President of the Board of Trade
whether his attention had been called to a late murderous
attack by a maniac on two fellow-passengers in a railway
carriage on the North-Western line, between Liverpool and
London, whereby they received wounds seriously endan-
gering their lives; and whether the Government intended
taking any and what steps to compel railway companies to
Pwvide means to enable passengers to obtain assistance in
the event of outrage or accident ?
Mr. M. GIBSON said—We have frequently sent circu-
lars to the companies, calling their attention to the neces-
sitcof haying communication between the guards and the
drivers, Ido not know that we have ever suggested
tila_t there should be communication between the passengers
theaniii:.guads.. Whether that is right or not it is not for
to say, but is a subject well worthy of consideration.
Mr. LIDDELL asked the
d Se JAPAN.
of State for India
y
whether an application had been made to the Governor-
General of India for troops to
whether the G- be
lrae
troops for foreiognvernor service Genera
with had
ployed in Japan, and
the power of ordering
the
previous sanction of
Pasrliiracm.enlvt?OoD
-4 am not aware that any application has
been made to the Governor-General of India for troops
Tfo. r
re
Japan.
THE SEAT OF THE INDIAN
On the motion that the Speaker leave the h
purpose of going into committee on the East Indaiiar, ea
foxy the
accounts,

Mr. G. DUFF called attention to the expediency
transferring the seat of the Indian Government to some.
point more eligible than Calcutta.
Sir C. WOOD said he thought it would be unwise to re.
move the seat of Government from Calcutta until a more
desirable place was fixed upon, and that Mr, Duff had not
thrown any additional light on this subject.
After a conversation on the subject of the employment of
Indian troops out of India, the house went into committee,

THE INDIAN BUDGET.
Sir C. WOOD rose, and laid us the table the following
resolutions
1. That the_ total net revenues of the territories and de-
partment under the imniediate control of the Government
of India for the year ending April 30, 1862, amounted to
£3,098,196 sterling, and the charges thereof for the same
period, other than military charges, amounted to £2,857,876

sterling.
2. That the total net revenues of the Bengal Presidency,
for the•year ended April 30, 1862, amounted to £11,066,513
sterling, and the charges thereof, for the same period, other
than military charges, amounted to £2,140,555 sterling.
3. That the total net revenues of the North-Western
Provinces, for the year ended April 30, 1862, amounted to
£6,026,080 sterling, and the charges thereof, for the same
period, other than military charges, amounted to £1,845,487

sterling.
4. That the total net revenues of the Punjaub, for the

year ended April 30, 1862, amounted to £2,673,785 sterling,
and the charges thereof, for the same period, other than
military charges, amounted to £1,257,805 sterling.
5. That the net revenues of the territories and depart-
ments under the immediate control of the Government of
India of the Bengal Presidency, of the North-Western Pro .

vines, and of the Punjaub together, for the year ended
April 30, 1862, amounted to £22,864,574 sterling, and the
charges thereupon, including the military charges, amounted
to £15,469,629 sterling, leaving a surplus available for the
general charges of India, of £7,394,945 sterling.
6. That the total net revenues of the Madras Presidency
(Fort St. George), for the year ended April 30, 1862,
amounted to £5,925,140 sterling, and the net charges thereof,
for the same period, amounted to £5,605,809 sterling, leaving
a surplus available in the above Presidency, for the general
charges of India, of £19,331 sterling.
7. That the total net revenues of the Bombay Presidency,
for the year ending April the 30th, 1862, amounted to
£6,931,348 sterling, and the net charges thereof, for the
same period, amounted to £4,627,011 sterling leaving a sur-
plus available in the above presidency, for the general
charges of India, of £2,304,337 sterling.
8. That the total net revenues of the several Presidencies,
for the year ending April 30, 1862, amounted to £35,721,062
sterling, and the charges thereof amounted to £26,002,449
ster.ing, leaving a surplus revenue of £9,718,613 sterling.
.9. That the interest on the registered debt of India, paid
for the year ending April 30, 1862, amounted to £3,134,897

sterling, and the charges defrayed in England on account of
the Indian territory, in the same period, including guaran-
teed interest on the capital of railway and other companies,

after deducting et traffic receipts ofrailways, amounted to

£6,634,344 sterling, leaving a deficiemy of Indian income

for the year ended as aforesaid, to defray the above interest

and charges, of £00,628 sterling.
He was happy to say that on the present occasion he had a

satisfactory statement to make, namely, to state the progress
of the Indian revenue and expenditure for the last two years.
The accounts with which they had to deal were those of
1861-1862, and the estimates for 1862-1863 With regard to
the years 1861-1862, he was happy to say the accounts
showed a steady increase of Indian revenue, and that in-
stead of there being a deficiency of £600,000, the actual de-
ficiency was only £56,000. (Hear.) The actual revenue was
£43,829,000, and the actual expenditure was £42,911,000,
showing an increase of £918,000. The estimated expenditure
was £43,800,000; the actual expenditure was £t3,906,000,
showing an increase of £374,000. There had been consider-
able increase in the land revenue, and a decrease in the salt
revenue, for English salt had been substituted for the salt
manufactured by natives. There was a considerable increase
in the army expenditure, owing to the payment of some
arrears ; and a decrease in the duty on opium. But he
thought he might congratulate the house that at so early a

period after the Indian mutiny the Indian finances were in
so favourable a condition. He had sometimes been accused of
taking too sanguine and sometimes too desponding a view of
Indian finance. His object, however, was to take a fair view,
and it was satisfactory to find that his anticipations had been
carried out. He now came to the regular estimates for 1862-
3 of the probable expenditure. His budget estimate of 1862
showed a probable surplus of £900,000 and a probable defi-
cit of £BOO,OOO. In 1861-2 the estimated expenditure of re-
venue would be beneath the mark, and it appeared that the
revenue was increasing more rapidly than it was expected it
would be in April last ; and although the expenditure was
increasing, it had not increased to the same extent. About
December last a despatch was received that the revenue was

£920,000 higher than it was estimated by the council in
April, and that the expenditure might be about £600,000,
reducing the anticipated deficiency by £320,000. But when
lie came to the regular estimate, he was glad to say that
while the increase of revenue was greater, the increase of

expenditure less. The revenue in 1861-2 wa5£43,829,000,
while that of 1862-3 was £45,105,000, showing an increase
of £2,134,000, Of that sum an increase of no less than
£1,552,000 was received from opium, making £7,886,000.
The increase on salt was £284,000, and on the other articles
of necessary consumption also an increase, which made the
entire about two millions. The expenditure was higher by
about £440,000 than had been calculated, but the reduction
as regarded England was £395,000. There was a charge for
the construction of the India House, for guarantees to rail-
ways, and other matters, but the result was that the increase
would be about £440,000. The case would then stand thus:
Taking England and India together, and deducting the re-
venue from the expenditure, a clear surplus would remain
of £1,287,000. (Hear, hear.) He believed that that was
rather below than above the mark. The committee would
also be glad to hear that in India they were in the habit of
under-stating the revenue, and Mr. Laing, calculating for
1861-62, did so to an amount of over £200,000; but compar-
ing the revenue of 1862-63, which was £45,105,000, with that
of 1861-62 as £43,289,000 there was a net increase in the re-
venue of £2,134,000. Of that sum the increase inopium was
£1,500,000, and in salt of £770,000. The expenditure for
1861-62 was £37,245,000, in 1862-63, £37,228,000, being only
a reduction of £17,000, but that was owing in a great degree
to the necessity of keeping up the army in a state of effi-
ciency, and the construction of public works of great utility.
He might add that, taking England and India together, the
increase was about £46,000. The committee would see it
was satisfactory to find that, while a decrease in the con-
sumption of a great many articles had taken place, the re-
venue still kept increasing. (Hear, hear.) He would come
now to what the probable revenue and expenditure would
be in 1863.64. The revenue was estimated at £45,376,000,
the expenditure £44,490,000, so that there would be a pro-
bable surplus of £816,000. In that prospective state of
revenue the Government of India felt themselves justified
in reducing taxation to a certain extent, and to give a pledge
that the income tax, which caused so much dissatisfaction,
should be taken off altogether. (Hear, hear.) In the mean-
time it was intended to take off a penny in the pound, and
take oft 10 per cent duty on raw materials and other articles.
These reductions on Customs duties, and the income tax
would amount to £335,000, leaving a surplus of £418,000.
In this estimate of the reNenue, as in 1862-63, opium figures
—for it was calculated to produce eight millions; and the
principal cause of the increased expenditure was the con-
struction of public works, which increased from £400,000 to
£500,000 ; the establishment of a system of police to pre-
serve order and the tranquillity of the country, and other
improvements found to be absolutely necessary. (Hear.)
So far as the revenue went then, the committee would per-
ceive that it evinced a very general improvement in the
material condition of the country, and he was bound to say
that the reduction of the expenditure was mainly due to the
exertions made by the Indian Government. Within the
last three or four years that reduction had gone on steadily.
In 1859-60 the revenue was £50,470,000, but in 1860-61 it
was reduced by £3,475,000; in 1862-63, £3,044,000, and
the reductions had gone on increasing up to last April ;
but there would be an increase in the next year of £625,000,
having a surplus of £418,000. The main reduction arose
from a diminution of the military force, the cost of which,
in 1858-9, was 25f millions, while in the present year it
would be only 14f millions. It was still higher than before
the mutiny occurred, but that was owing to the substitution
of European troops, and the diminution of the native force.
They had also abolished the Indian navy after a careful con-
sideration, but he was bound to say that during its existence
it rendered most distinguished service, and performed all the
duties assigned to it in an admirable manner. So that taking
altogether the highest charge, which was in 1859-60,
£50,475,000, and the lowest in 1862-3, as £12,825,000, they
had effected a reduction of £6,665,000. He did not suppose
they could effect much reduction in the civil service in con-
sequence of the improvements which took place in the judi-
cial establishments, and the large number of civil servants
who proce-eded to India every year. There would be some
reduction in the guarantees of interest to rail ways, by ex-
changes, and in other ways ; but the item for public works
would largely increase. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the
rate of mortality in India, great misapprehensions existed
on the subject. The rate of mortality in Bengal in 1861
was 34 in a thousand, nearly half of which were cholera
cases. In Madras it was only 12, and in Bombay 20, while
in many of their colonies it was much higher. In Ceylon
it was 38, in the Bermudas 48, and in the Mauritius 24,
which, considering these temperate climates, ranged much
higher. It was no doubt the duty of the Government to
improve the sanatory condition of the army, not only as
a measure of humanity, but on the score of economy.
(Hear.) That, he assured the committee, would be attended
to. Then as to reproductive works, Sir Charles Tre-
velyan had drawn up a very able minute on the subject.
The total mileage of railways now opened was 2,500. 647
miles were opened last year and 759 miles in 1871; and he
was happy to say that the Great East Indian Railway was
now all but complete. The estimated expenditure on all the
great lines of railways was £60,000,000. Of that sum
£56,000,000 had been sanctioned, £48,000,000 raised and
£46,000,000 expended. The railway traffic had increased
from £390,000 in 1861-62 to the estimated receipts of
£868,000 in 1863-64. With regard to the statement that the
demand for the purchase of waste lands had entirely ceased
since his administration of the affairs of India, he gave it
the most unqualified denial. The charge originated iu the
fact of the Government not being able to supply maps of
the lands to intending purchasers ; but they had offered no
obstacle whatever to the purchase of waste lands. In the
North-Western province, for example, the governor re-
Ported that almost all the available land had been purchased.
In the next place, he was happy to be able to state that the
by the a
cultivation of cinchona bark and quinine was on an exten-
lics:,,a_!l and was likely to prove very successful, especially
the measures taken
la Madras presidency. lj formero ov
Government
occasion
shtei
mhad
explained .