The Sun.
London, England, 1830-04-21 00:00:00

VERY LATE FROM BOGOTA.

By the brig Athenian, Captain Chapman, we have
received Bogota papers and letters to February 11, inclu-
sive. We have also been permitted to copy from a letter
of the Colombian Secretary of State to the Consulate-Ge-
neral in this city, the following bases of a Constitution,
which have been approved by the Congress:—
" I. The integrity of the Republic of Colombia is con-
firmed, as established by the fundamental law (of 1819).
" 2. Its government shall be central, popular, represen-
tative, and elective. . _

" 3. The supreme power, in its exercise, shall always
be divided into legislative, executive, and judicial.
" 4. The legislative power shill, be vested in a Con-
gress, composed of a Senate and flange of Representatives,
whose acts shall receive the sanction of the executive.

" 5. The legislative power shall never be delegated to
any person or corporation.
" G. The executive power shall reside in the President
of the Republic, and will necessarily he exercised through
the agency of Ministers Secretaries of State.
" 7. A Council of State will aid the President in the
more important business of his Administration.
" 8. Justice will be administered by Courts and Judi-
catures, with entire independence in their exercise.
" 9. For the better government of the Republic, the
territory will he divided into departments, provinces, can-
tons, and parishes.
" 10. Chambers of Districts will he established, with
power to deliberate and decide on all municipal and local
affairs of the departments, and to represent (to the Go-
vernment) whatever may concern the general interests of
the Republic.
" Sec. 1 Each department, whose population, wealth,
and other circumstances, are sufficient to sustain such an
establishment separately, with advantage to the public,
will have a District Chamber.

" Sec. 2. Each department, which, on acconnt of the
smallness of the population or other cause's, cannot sustain
such an establishment with public advantage, will he con-
nected for this purpose with an adjoining department.
" 11. The periods of election will he prolonged, to
avoid the inconveniences which result from frequent
changes in the high functionaries, or even the repeated
election of the Sallie functionaries.

" 12. No power or magistrate shall have unlimited au-
thority, or any other authority than is given by the Con-
stitution.

" 13. No power or magistrate shall have authority to
suspend individual security, except in cases specified by the
Constitution.

" 14. Every public functionary is subject to responsi-
bility. The President is irresponsible, except in cases of
high treason specified in the Constitution.
" 15. The Catholic, apostolic, Roman religion is the
religion of the state. The Government exercising the offiee
of protectorate of the Colombian Church, no other public
worship will be permitted.
" 16. The Constitution guarantees personal security,
the right of property, equality before the law, the liberty of
the press, liberty of employment, and the right of petition."
The Editors of the Journal of Commerce have been
favoured with the following letters from an intelligent gen-
tleman residing in the Colombian capital :
" Bocora, FEB. 7.—Our relations with the Cabinets
of Great Britain and the United States remain as usual.
Relations have also been established with the Government
of France, through the agency of M. Brewton, the Ki g's
Commissioner, who has just left this capital, and M.
Martigny, the Consul-General. About the middle of the
present month we expect the arrival of Senor Souza Diaz,
Envoy Extraordinary from the Emperor of Brazil, and
Mr. William Turner, Minister Plenipotentiary from the
King of Great Britain. . .

"-Fxs. IS.—Since writing the above, the Govern-
ment has received official notice of Actas haviing beets ce-
lebrated in Merida and Maraca) bo, in which the persons
interested profess the opinions previously declared in Ca-
raccas and other towns of Old Venezuela.

" In the mean time the bases of the new constitution
have been sanctioned. (See above.) The commission
appointed to proceed to Venezuela, consisting of General
Sucre, the Bishop of Santa Martha, and Senor Garcia
del Rio, is to depart in two or three days, and there is
reason to believe that the expedition will not be in vain.
It will at least annihilate the pretext which was alleged for
the insurrection, and if afterwards the Venezuleans should
refuse obedience to the Government, the latter will have
more moral strength and more justice in proceeding to
whatever may then be deemed expedient.
(From the Nw York Journal of Commerce, March 24.)
" By a decree of the 4th of February last, the Colom-
bian Government offers for sale 4,000,000 acres of public
lands, both in the maritime and interior provinces, for
which the vales (Government securities) will be received
in payment. As most of the vales are in the hands of
f,re;gners, and as the Government is unable at present to
fulfil its engagements in any other manner, this offer is
made in the hope of inducing the holders of vales to be-
come purchasers, and thus to increase the immigration
from foreign countries, diminish the national debt, &c."

The following are extracts from Brazilian
Papers received this morning :
(From the Diario Flupsinense.)
MO DE JANIKIIO, JAR. 26,

The Mario gives a long account of a splendid ball
given by the Great Officers of the Household of her Ma-
jesty the Ecopuss, on occasion of the marriage of the
Emperor. This ball was given at the Palace of the Senate,
which not being spacious enough for the occasion, was
extended by the addition of a temporary saloon, capable
of containing 500 persons. Their Imperial Majesties,
with the Queen of Portugal and her sisters, and the
Prince of Leuchtenhurg, honoured this ball with their
presence.
FEBRUARY s.—There having been frequent instances
of individuals being brought to Rio as prisoners,
front the provinces of the empire, on board the ships of
his Majesty's navy, without any communication stating
the nature of their crimes, or even the authority by which
they have been arrested, his Majesty has been pleased to
order that no prisoner whatever shall be sent or received
on hoard the said ships from the provinces to this capital,
unless he is accompanied with the statement chewing the
grounds of his arrest, and delivered on board the ship; the
authority which shall disregard this order shall be re-
sponsible for any such omission.
Fan. 6.—The Board of Commerce has received a
despatch from the Consul General of Brazil, at
Buenos Ayres, with the copy of a Decree, dated
29th December, 1929, by which all ships sailing from
the ports of Brazil for those of the Republic, must have
these papers signed by their respective Consuls or Vice-
Consuls ; permission to enter or discharge their cargocrs
will be refused to all ships which shall arrive in the ports
of the Republic after the Ist of July, Is3o, without bar-
n complied with the above regulations.

We have accounts from Nassau this morning
to the 30th February, from which we take the
following Speech of the Governor at the close
of the Session :
" Gentlemen of the Council, Mr. Speaker, and
Gentlemen of the House of Assembly,
" In performing for the first time the important duty of
publicly addressing you as his Majesty's representative, it
affords me great pleasure to be able to state that in all the
business I have had as yet to transact since my arrival in
the Colony, I have received from both branches of the
Legislature that cordial wad frank assistance I had anti-
cipated: Whatever measures I may feel it my duty to
propose for your consideration on the ensuing Session, I
am confident you will receive and discuss in the same
spirit of candour and good feeling you hare hitherto
shown. In fact, where men have the welfare of the com-
munity sincerely at
.heart, and are convinced of the recti-
tude of each other's intentions (as is, I trust, the case with
as), although they may differ in opinion in some little
matters of detail, it is impossible they should not agree as
to the leading and general principles which ought to re'u-
late their conduct.

" The Consolidated Slave Law, to which I have just given
my assent, is the principal cause which has occasioned my
intruding upon you the foregoing regulations. You have
done a great deal in this important business, and have gone
beyond the Legislatures of all the other Colonies. Three
remain but a few points (and those of a comparatively
trifling nature, and which in no way affect either the pro-
perty or the interest of the master) to be attended to. By
conceding these, you will satisfy his Majesty's Government,
and calm that agitation to which the constant and renewed
discussions of the anbject have given rise. I shall draw your

attention to these matters early in the ensuing session. In
the meanwhile I thank you for what you have done, and
as there remains so little to do to perfect your work, I hope
that in another session you will enable me to send home a
Bill, with such additional enactments, as will put the ques-
tion finally at rest.

Mr. Speaker, and Gentlemrp, of the Haase of
Assembly,

" I thank you for the supplies you have granted for the
service of the current year, and which are as liberal as the
state of our financial resources wi►l allow.

" Gentlemen of the Council, Mr. Speaker, and
Gentlemen of the liouxe of .4ssembly,

" The business of the session being now closed, I hereby
prorogue the General Assembly until the 25th day of Feb-
ruary next.
" J. CARMICHAEL SMYTH."
" Council Chamber, Jan. 11, 1830."

It is with regret that we hear the London
University has been compelled, from prudential
considerations, to reduce the salaries guaranteed
to its Professors in several instances, on account
of the small number of students which has
hitherto attended the Lectures in question.—
Although the Medical Classes, that of Natural
Philosophy, of English Law, and others, are
very flourishing, the Professors of English,
German, and Oriental Literature, and of Juris-
prudence, have been among those whose Lec-
ture•-rooms have been almost neglected. The
Council have, therefore, deemed it expedient to
make deductions from the salaries of 2001. per
annum, originally agreed to be made up to all
the Professors of the establishment.

Economy is dvirtne which no public body can
practice too rigorously, and the blame on this
occasion can by no means fall on the managers
of the University, but must rest with that por-
tion of the public who are intelligent enough to
perceive the advantages of the Institution, and
wealthy enough to support it, for the faint assist-
ance they have hitherto afforded to it at the cri-
tical period of its outset. There are, moreover,
faults in the original plan, which cannot but re-
tard the success of the University ; and, among
these, the want of preparatory schools is a defect
which ought in some measure to have been
provided against. The public schools may be
said to be in league against the London Univer-
sity; and although the introduction of more en-
lightened and less prejudiced masters, such as
Dr. ARNOLD, of Rugby, and Dr. LONGLEY,
of Harrow, may tend in some degree to remove
the unfavourable impression existing against it
in these quarters, yet the time is very far distant
when the education of the public schools will be
considered as a preparation for the lectures in
Gower-street. The Council should therefore
have done what the late Lord GUILFORD did in
Corfu, who founded schools in all directions,
from which his College or University might be
constantly fed and nourished. There ought, in
particular, to be one or two high-schools in
London, on the plan of that of Edinburgh, for
the education of the sons of the inhabitants of
the metropolis, for all the London schools are
at present either more or less connected with
Oxford and Cambridge, or are so regulated as
to promise no supplies of students to the new
University.
A University being designed to perfect, and
finish a man's education, it is perhaps a true
charge against the London Council that they
have been premature in their good work. Now,
can this charge be answered by saying the esta-
blishment in Gower-street is a mere association
of lectures, like the Royal or London Institu-
tions ? for if its design be nothing more than
to afford to people at leisure an opportunity of
hearing lectures on such subjects as strike their
fancy, it is not worthy of so much support as it
has already received. Education is only a public
concern in so far as it tends to make men good
and virtuous citizens, which cannot be done by
mere professional acquirements, such as the Me-
dicine, or English Law, taught at the London
University. MILTON, in his celebrated letter
to Mr. HARTLIB, says, " I call a complete and
" generous education that which fits a man to
" perform justly, skilfully, and magnanimously,
" all the offices, both private and public, of
" peace and war." There arc ample means within
the London University of giving such an edu-
cation to students entering it in a proper
state of preparation, and, that many should so
enter, is an object of the highest national im-
portance ; but, we repeat, it is indispensably
necessary they should be educated systematically,
and not attend lectures as if they were concerts,
or conjurers' exhibitions. The high churchmen
would be snore correct than the liberals in their
notions of the use of Universities, if they did
not confuse the subject by the intervention of
their religious opinions which they lay down as
the foundation of all learning, whilst they are, in
fact, in general, the grand obstacle to the pursuit
of the truth. The London Council have acted
perfectly right in observing a strict impartiality
in this respect, and not bowing to the esta-
blished church any more than to other sects.
The ancient Universities were founded in re-
ligion, because in the middle ages all men were
unanimous in this respect, and the Church was
then the depository of all the learning and philo-
sophy of the times. But, be the change for
better or worse, things are now on a different
footing ; the Reformation has split Christianity
into forty or fifty different sects in this country
alone ; and, therefore, to have made an adhe-
rence to one of those sects a necessary condition
of an admission to a University founded in the
nineteenth century, would have been inconsistent
with, and unworthy of, the spirit which dictated
its institution.

THE FUNDS.-(THIS DAY.)

CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK

Accounts from Bogota bring the following letter from
Bolivar to his Excellency the Pre►ident of the Constituent
Congress :
" Exczt.Lxwr Ste.,—The occurrences which hare
lately taken pine in the province of Venezuela have in-
duced me to believe that it would be advisable for me to
proceed to that part of the Republic, for the purpose of en-
deavouring to settle some differences which unfortunately
disturb the order and tranquillity of the nation ; to this end
I have already invited the Chief Superior of 'Venezuela to
an interview, but have not thought proper to make any
further advances in so important a matter without fret
submitting it to the consideration of Congress, not only
that I may proceed in accordance with the will of the
representatives of the people, but also that if Congress
accedes to the proposal I may receive the sanction of that
body, which wilt tend to the greater success of this con-
ciliatory enterprise.
(Signed)

" SIMON BOLIVAR."

Quebec Papers to March 14, Montreal to March 11,
and Mauritius to Jana 3, have been received at the North
and South American Coffee-house from Upper Canada.
The Report of the Committee of Finance to the Assembly
shows an increase of revenue of 2,2951. for the year 1829 ;
in consegaence of the expiration of the law which im-
posed provincial duties on shop and innkeepers' licences,
the revenue in 1830 will be found to have decreased
1,7001. The Report complains of the berthen of having
two Chief Justices and one Puisne Judge on the Pension
List, and recommends the curtailment of the Judges.

NEW Yoas, FEE. 27.—The rumoured intention of the
free black population from the State of Ohio, to pass into
the province re..d form a settlement, has created much
alarm among the inhabitants of that part of the country.
The Kingston Bank Bill has been thrown out of the
C.nncil, who have passed one for authorising a loan in
England to pay off the provincial debt.
The Mauritius Papers da not contain any news.

LivEmpoot, APRIL 19.—Thedemand for. Cotton through
the week has been steady, and previous prices for most
kinds have been supported. Brazil Cotton may be quoted
id. per lb. higher. We continue to experience indica-
tions of improvement in our Timber Market, the country
demand is very good, and apparently on the increase. The
stock is decreasing very fast, so that it is probable there will
be a scarcity of Pine timber of the best quality before any
of the new import can arrive. Our quotations are fully
supported.