The Sun.
London, England, 1863-12-29 00:00:00

-.

No. 22,311.

EIURNIIIIRE, CARPETS, BEDDING, and
FLOORCLOTFI, CARRIAGE-FREE to any house in
he kingdom, regardless of amount or distance. First class
goods at second-class prices. Terms peculiarly liberal to
Clergymen and Gentlemen. An immense stock to select
from, displayed in Showrcoms occupying an acre of ground.
Every article warranted.
CLEi.GYMEN and GENTLEMEN ABOUT TO FUR-
N SII are respectfully informed that Messrs. Cobbett and
Co. are publishing an entirely New Edition of their un-
equalled HOUSE FURNISHING GUIDE, illastrated by 410
admirable engravings of every description of Furniture and
Bedsteads, with prices attached. A copy sent gt atis and
post-free on application. This costly work also contains
complete estimates for furnishing on the following revised
scale :
A Six-roomed Parsonage
An Eight-roomed ditto
A Ten-roomed ditto
A Twelve-roomed ditto l9l 11 0
Together with a ?rice List of purified Bedding, and a mass
of valnable information to all requiring househ)ld furniture,
carpets, or bedding. References kindly permitted to Clergy-
men and gentlemen in or near Great Malvern, Southampton,
Chichester, Bury, Ely, Preston, Grimsby, Ryde, Plymouth,
Wells, Oxford. Brighton, Gainsborouzli, Margate. Kidder-
minster, Wellington. Croydon. Cambridge, staines, Dorking,
St. Alban's. Worcester, Ipswich, Peterborough, St. David's,
Wrexham, and above 590 other places in all parts of Great
Britain.
COBBETT and CO., General House Furnishers, Deptford-
bridge, London, S.E,

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 29, 1863.

viTHERE CAN WE MEET AFTER THE
PANTOMIMES ? My dear Fellow, Gentlemen sup
at EVANS', CoTent-garden.

KINAHAN'S LL WHISKY v. COGNAC,
BRANDY.
This celebrated Old IRI 311 WHISKY rivals the finest
FRENCH BRANDY,
It h Pine, Mild, Mellow, Delicious, and very Wholesome.
Sold in Bottles, 3s. Bd,, at the Retail Houses in London ; by
the Agents in the principal towns in England ; or wholesale
at

8, GREAT WINDMILL-STREET, W.
Observe the Red Seal, Pink Label, and Cork branded
"Kinahan's LL Whisky."

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, that the
WELLINGTON is CLOSED for repairs, &c., and
will be RE-OPENED on THURSDAY, the 3lst December
next, at 5 o'clock p.m,

By order,
JOHN CATES, Manager.
The Wellington, fit. James's-street.
Entrance, 60, Piccadilly, W.
December 25, 1863.

THE VINTAGE WINE COMPANY
Supply the Public, at a small advance on wholesale
prices, with every description of Wines and Spirits. Terms,
Cash.
THE VINTAGE COMMA SHERRY at 118 s. per doz.
THE VINTAGE CHAMPAGNE „ 275. „
THE VINTAGE CLARET ........ „ Vs. „

THE VINTAGE PORT from 20s.
Medical and Clericil Testimonials, together with the Illus-
trated Vintage Almanac, containing full detailed Price List,
post free on application.
Four Dozen Wine sent Carriage Free.

14, Bloomsbury-street, 4 doors south of
New Oxford-street.

SHORTHAND.-PITMAN'S PHONOGRA-
PHIC TEACHER. 6d. ; free by post, 7d.

_
SHORTITAND.-PITMAN'S PHONOGRA-
PHIC MANUAL. Free by post, is. 6d.

H 0 R THAN D.-"PITMAN'S PHONO
GRAP.HY forms an exceedingly efficient—probably
the MOST efficient—system of Shorthand that exists."—Sir
Rowland HilL
London : F. Pitman, 20, Paternoster-row, E.C.

QOllO ESTATE, HOUSE, AND GENERAL
0 BUSINESS AGENCY OFFICES.—Persons requiring
Freehold or Leasehold Property, or having Business and
Houses to be disposel of, should apply to Mr. CHARLES
MURRAY, Auctioneer and Valuer, 26, Gerrard-street,
Soho, W.
Valuations for Probate Administration, Fire Claims, Rail-
way Compensations, &c. Rents Collected.

BANKRUPTCY AND COMPOSITIONS.-
Mr. WETHERFIELD, Solicitor, 35, Moorgate-street,
City, PRACTISES in COURT, and effects PRIVATE
ARRANGEMENTS with creditors, without publicity.
Charges, the lowest possible, payable by instalments. Coun-
try cases economically conducted.
N.B.—DEBTS recovered on commission, free of law costs.
Divorce and Probate business conducted at moderate ex-
pense.

RUPTURES.—BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT.
WHITE'S MOO-MAIN LEVER TRUSS
(PERFECTED AND EXHIBITED IN THE GREAT
ExHIBITIONS OF 1851 AND 1862), is allowed by upwards of
Two Hundred Medical Gentlemen to De the most effective
nvention in the curative treatment of HERN I A.
The use of a steel spring, so often hurtful in its effects,
is here avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the
body, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the
Roe-Main Pad and Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease
.ind closeness that it cannot be detected, and may be worn
during sleep. A descriptive circular may be had, and the
truss, which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the cir-
cumference of the body, two inches below the hips, being
sent to the manufacturer,
Mr. WHITE, 228, Piccadilly.
- -

A Single Truss, 165., 215., 265. 6d., and 31s. 6d. Postage, le.
A Double Truss, 318. 6d., 425., and 525. 6d. Postage, is M.
An Umbilical Truss, 425. and 525. 6d. Postage, ls. led.

TEMPLE BAR MAGAZINE.
In the January Number (now ready) commences a New
Novel, to be continued Monthly, entitled—.
THE DOCTOR'S WIFE.
By Author of "John Marchmont's Legacy," "Lady
Audley's Secret," &c., &c.
Office of Temple Bar, 122, Fleet-street, London.

Post-office Orders to be made payable to John White, Post-
office, Piccadilly.

NEW PATENT
ELAST IC STOCKINGS,
KNEE-CAPS, &c., for Varicose Veins and all oases of
'Weakness and Swelling of the Legs, Sprains, &a They are
porous, light in texture, and inexpensive, and are drawn on
ean ordinary stocking. Price 4s. 6d., 7s. 6d., 10s., to 168.
eadh. Postage 6d.
JOHN WHITE. Manufacturer, 228. Piccadilly.

NEW NOVEL BY AUTHOR OF " SACKVILLE CHASE."
In the January Number (now ready) of the
ST. JAMES'S MAGAZINE commences
THE MAN IN CHAINS.
By C. J. COLLINS.
London : Kent and Co., Paternoster-row.

The Seizure of the Barque Science by the

Engliuh and other neutral vessels will not go there to run
the risk or annoyances similar to what we had to ontend
with.

TH E OXFOR D,
A, OXFORD STREET, W.

THIS-EVENING, will be performed Selections from the
iollowing Operas, viz., THE SLAVE, by Sir H. Bishop;
also, from LA FORZA DEL DESTINO—Verdi ; by the fol-
lowing talented artistes,—Misses 'Russell, Townley, Fitz-
Henry, 11, .Imsley, Tyrrell, and Ellison; Messrs. Green,
Huish, Kimberley, Stuart, &c.
Solos on the Violin by VIOTTI COLLINS, the cele-
brated English Violinist.

Flute by Drew Dean. Pianoforte, Miss Bryant.
And the marvellous instrument, the ORCHESTRAL
PIANO, by Herr SCHALKENBACH, the Inventor.
Comedy, by UNSWORTH ("or any other man "), Eugene,
W. Randall,W. T. Critchfield, T. Maclagan, George Hutehen-
son, and the marvellous Gymnasts, Messrs. Berri, Leach,
and Foster.

THIS EVENING, will be produced, supported by the
entire company, a new and original Cantata, entitled "King
Christmas." written by Litchfield Moseley, Esq., and com-
posed by W. Meyer Lutz, expressly for the establshment.
Director, Mr. F. Jonghmans.

"THE GHOST CLUB" at the
CANTERBURY HALL.—New and Interesting
Spectral Tableaux.—Mr. C. MO RTON is enabled to announce
that, through the medium of Professor Pepper's World of
Shadows, a "GHOST CLUB" is nightly held at the CAN-
TERBURY HALL. The object of the Club is not the re-
peopling of the Haunted Houses of London; but, through
the agency of Phantoms, to present vivid (if transient)
pictures of the drama of real life, both in its serious
and mirthful aspects ; and, by means of spectral tableaux,
to recall, and still further impress on the mind, some
of the teachings or pleasantries of the best writers. At pre-
sent, the two orders of Slavery—the Slavery of the South,
and the " White" Slavery of a more boastful civilisation,
receive emphatic illustration ; and these life pictures will be
rapidly replace Iby others. The pages of Shakspere and the
elder Dramatists, of Scott, Hood, Ingoldsby, Dickens, &c.,
will, in turns, furnish subjects for illustration.
All the other Musical and Pictorial attractions as usual,
including, Operatic Selections, &c. ; Comedy by Unsworth
(the modern Demosthenes), Eugene, George Hodson, E.
Marshall, and George Hutchenson.

113 OYAL ALHAMBRA.—Great Treat during
ti the Christmas HoIidays.—FRANCONPS CIRQUE
IMPERIAL.—This, the only thoroughly organised Circus
Company in London, comprises the first artistes, selected
from the best known Continental Troupes, including Male
and Female Equestrians, Gymnasts, Acrobats, and Clowns.
The Stud consists of highly-trained Trick and Menage
Horses, unrivalled in any establishment in Europe. Crowded
audiences nightly attend this splendid entertainment, now
renewed with unwonted splendour. Enthusiastic reception
of M. Jules Perez, from Madrid. the greatest Bare-backed
Rider ever seen, whose wonderful performances create a pro-
found sensation. Second week of Professor Case, the Slack
Wire Performer, of World-wide Renown, Arthur and Ber-
trand, the most amusing and marvellous of Clowns, together
with a host of varied talent a'l unequalled in their respective
spheres. Morning Performances Daily, during the ensuing
Christmas Week, at Two o'Clcek ; Evening, at Half-past
Seven.

Admission—Reserved seats, Bs.; Stalls and Balcony, 2s. ;
Pit and Promenade, Is. ; Gallery, 6d. Private boxes, to hold
six persons, 21s.

We, at the time of our capture, had been at anchor
exactly twelve weeks, and had been boarded several times
by American vessels of war. On the 3d of October the
same vessel that sent us here, the Virginia, boarded us
and saw all my papers, and also the cargo fore and aft, the
hold about half discharged then; he left me on that date
apparently satisfied, and then a month after (sth Novem-
ber) he seizes us for having brought contraband of war,
which, when he could have satisfied himself of the contents,
it was not worth his while, as he expressed himself, and
appeared to be quite satisfied that we had on board nothing
but harmless and legal merchandise,
The mail closes this day and leaves weekly for New
York. I shall write you every mail, and trusting that all
will end well, I am, with best respects, yours very truly,
(Signed) JOHN READ,
Master barque Science, of Waterford.
Mr. John Angel.

Naval and Military Intelligence.

THE NAVY.
The orders given by the Admiralty for the Bellerophon
target, recently tested at Shoeburyness, to be repaired
under the superintendence of Mr. Buskcombe, one of the
foremen at Chatham dockyard, under whose direction it
was constructed, have been countermanded, and it will
consequently be allowed to remain in its present condition
until subsequent instructions have been received.
Arrangements have been entered into by the Lords of the
Admiralty with the proprietors of the Medway Company's
steamers for two of their vessels—the City of Rochester
and the Alma—to be employed, in conjunction with the
steam tender Adder, in conveying the mechanics and work-
people employed on the iron frigate,&hiller to and from
the dockyard at Chatham to Gillingham, where the Achilles
is being completed for sea. By this arrangement 1,340 of
the workmen can be conveyed to and from the dockyard at
the same time—namely, 560 in the Adder, 400 in the City
of Rochester, and 380 in the Alma. During the time the
Achilles is stationed at Gillingham, Assistant-Surgeon J.
A. Yule, M.D., of the Cumberland, 24, is to be in constant
attendance for the purpose of giving Immediate attention to
any of the workmen who may meet with an accident.
The screw gunboat Charger, 2, 60 horse power, attached
to the first division of the Chatham steam reserve, having
completed her experimental trials with the Curtis steering
screw with which she has been fitted, a report has been
made by the dockyard officials, under whose superintend-
ence the trials took place, an the result of the experiments.
The iron paddlewheel steam tender Locust, employed on
harbour service between Chatham and Sheerness, is ordered
to have one side of her bottoms coated with Peacock's corn •
position, by way of expel iment.
An investigation has taken place at Chatham dockyard
by order of the Lords of the Admiralty into the circum-
stances attending the accident which occurred to the iron
frigate Achilles, on the occasion of her being floated out of
dock on Wednesday night, an account of which was given
in The Sun. The decision of the Lords of the Admiralty
upon the facts laid before them is not yet known, but it is
understood in the dockyard that the official who was re-
sponsible for the proper management of the ship will be re-
moved from his appointment, and granted a superannua-
tion allowance.
Mr. Oliver W. Lang, who for upwards of five years past
has held the responsible position of master shipbuilder at
Chatham dockyard, has tendered his resignation to the
Lords of the Admiralty, and yesterday ceased to perform
the duties in connection with his office. Some three or four
months since Mr. Lang placed his resignation in the hands
of the Admiralty, and requested to be relieved of his appoint-
ment, but at the express desire of their Lordships he con-
tinued to discharge the duties connected with the office of
master shipwright at Chatham until the completion and un-
docking of the iron frigate Achilles. During the time Mr.
Lang has been at the head of the shipbuilding department
at Chatham several of our largest and best vessels of war
have been constructed, equipped, and despatched to sea
under his superintendence, including the Royal Oak and
the Achilles.

system of ventilation is in operation, all such causes of
disease must be prevented or removed. In ships destined
for tropical service it must be invaluable, both for the com-
fort and health of the crews and passengers. Dr. Edmonds,
now surgeon of the Victory flag-ship at Portsmouth, was
surgeon of the St. Jean d'Acre in the Mediterranean dur in r
her last commission, and it was probably the experience
acquired in that sickly ship which led to the discovery of
these obvious means of removing endemic causes of disease
from ships generally. In the St. Jean d'Acre malaria was
clearly traced to arise from decaying matters lodged in the
timber spaces, the injurious effects being aggravated by the
usual deficient ventilation of the sleeping deck. The result
was that a large proportion of her ship's company were
invalided for pulmonic diseases and. cachesia, with many
deaths during one short commission on a healthy station.

The Irresistible, 80, screw steam line-of-battle ship, 2,642
tons, 400 horse power, belonging to the third divisien of
the Sheerness steam reserve, was taken into dock at Sheer-
ness yesterday, to be brought forward and fitted for com-
mission as a Coastguard vessel.
The Cumberland, 24, guardship of the steam reserve
squadron at Sheerness and in the river Medway, Capt. W.
K, Hall, C. 13., commanding, is ordered to be paid off at
Sheerness on Thursday next, after having been in commis-
sion since October, 1859. She will be recommissioned on the
following day, resume her duties at Sheerness with the
same officers and crew, and be provided with an entire set

Federals.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sir,—We beg to enclose for your information
copy of a letter received by the owner of the barque
Science, from the captain, relative to the seizure of
that vessel by the Federals, at Matamoras.—Wa
are, Sir, yours respectfully,
JAMES T. BENNET and WAKE.
77, Cornhill, Dec. 28.

of new books.
Admiralty instructions have been received by the autho-
rities at Sheerness that the Rhadmanthus paddlewheel
storeship, 813 tons, 220 horse power, is to be removed from
Woolwich to that port, there to be taken to pieces and com-
pletely broken up.
The Medusa, paddlewheel vessel, 889 tons, 312 horse

New Orleans, Nov. 28, 1863.

Dear Sir,—l expect the news of our seizuro by the
Americans has arrived home before this ; but this is the
first opportunity I have to write you since our arrival here,
and in fact since I wrote you from Matamoros per the
Labuan.

I will now endeavour to give you some idea of our pre-
sent situation. We did not complete the discharge of out-
ward cargo until the 23d of October, and on the sth Novem-
ber we had on board 344 bales of cotton and about 30 cwt.
of copper, and had been three days on demurrage. We
wanted about 200 bales more of cotton, and should in all
probability have sailed for Liverpool in about a fortnight
or so. The weather was sometimes such that lighters did
not pass the bar for ten days at a time, and as the season
advanced it would have been worse. _

On the sth Nov., at 10 a.m., the captain of the United
States gunboat Virginia came on board and demanded to see
my papers, log-books, cargo-books, and in feu every docu-
ment that was on board the ship. After examining them he
told me he should detain the Science for having brought con-
traband of war ; he retained my papers, but gave me a re-
ceipt for them. I then told him we had brought no contra-
band of war ; that the whole of our cargo was landed in a
Mexican port, and that I protested against his detaining the
ship, and should hold him, together with his government,
responsible for all losses that might arise through his de-
tention of my ship. He then returned to his ship, leaving
an officer in charge, and about noon, same day, he sent
on board four armed men, and removed six of the crew of
the Science to the Virginia, leaving me, the mate, cook, and
one o. s. The next day, the bar being passable, I asked him
to allow me to go on shore, which he granted, and I went.
On getting on shore I found that the communication to
Matamoras was interrupted, the governor that morning had
been shot, and the city had changed their rulers, so that I
could not see the consul. However, I saw my consignee,
who gave me a letter for Captain Brown, of the Virginia, in
which he stated that he was the consignee of the Science,
and the sole owner of her outward cargo; that he had
brought no contraband, and what she had brought, as could
be proved by the Mexican authorities, was still in store at
Matamoras, and that the United States consul at Matamo-
ras, or any person appointed by him were quite at liberty to
inspect the cargo of the Science at any time they wished,
and satisfy themselves that it was nothing but what was
represented. He also stated that the cotton on board the
Science was the property of Mexican merchants, and had
passed through the Mexican Custom-house, pa 3 ing the usual
export dues; that the United States consul at Matamoras
had granted certificates bearing the consular seal to that
effect, and in fact that Captain Brown, of the Virginia, had
no right to detain the Science, and that he should hold him,
together with his Government, responsible for all losses that
might arise through the detention of the ship.
He, after reading this letter, and hearing all I had to say,

ROYAL • ALHAMBRA. - JULES PEREZ
EVERY EVENING at the ALHAMBRA.

OYAL ALHAMBRA.-MORNING PER.
1_1.) FORMANCES EVERY DAY at Two, at the ALHAM
BRA, during the CHRISTMAS WEEK.

ARGYLL ROOMS, Windmill-street, Hay-
market.
NOTICE. —M. JULLIEN'S PROMENADE CONCERTS
will be continued nightly at the above elegant rooms.
Admission ls.
Conductor—M. JULLIEN.
Solo Performers—Messrs. Mosca, Tyler, King, M'Kenney,
Sloman, Progratski, Baker, &c.
Manager, M. GRENET.

power, Master Commanding John H. Allard, sailed from

. . -
Sheerness yesterday, in accordance with Admiralty orders,
for the mouth of the Texel, to relieve the Lively gunboat,

said to be on shore at that place.
Vice-Admiral of the Red Sir G. R. Lambert, K.C.B„
Commander-in-Chief at the Nore, received his promotion to
the rank of Admiral on Monday, when he hoisted his flag,
blue at the main, on board her Majesty's ship Formidable,
stationed at Sheerness. Admiral Lambert obtained the
rank of Captain on the Bth Aug., 1825 ; of Rear-Admiral
on the 21st Jan., 1854; and of Vice-Admiral on the 18th
Dec,, 1858. It is reported that he will leave Sheerness at
the end of February next, and that he will be succeeded by
Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Talbot,

The Alberta, new paddlewheel steam yacht, built for the
use of her Majesty, went out of Portsmouth harbour yes-
terday morning for a trial of her speed at the measured
mile in Stokes Bay, under the superintendence of Capt. H.
Broadhead, of her Majesty's ship Asia, and commanding
the Steam Reserve at Portsmouth, and other officials of the
Steam Reserve and dockyard. On arriving at the measured
mile the yacht was turned to an even keel at seven feet
draught of water, and made two circles—first, with helm at
starboard, in 2 min 44 sec ; the other, with helm at port,
in 2 min 54 sec. She proceeded to run the measured mile
and made two runs, realizing an average speed of 15.24 knots
when her port paddlewheel became defective, and she was
obliged to return into harbour. The damage appears to be
considerable, and it will take same time before it can be
made good. The engines of the Alberta, 160-horse power
nominal, are from Messrs. Penn and Sons, who were repre-
sented at the trial by Mr. Matthews. There was also on
board the yacht during the trial Captain the Prince of
Leiningen, of the Royal yacht Victoria and Albert.
The Octavia, screw steam frigate, was placed in No. 5
dock yesterday afternoon, to be brought forward for com-
mission.

replied that he was determined on sending the Science to
New Orleans, together with the brigs Volant and Dashing
Wave, and schooner Matamoras, all British, captured and
detained on the same day. Nothing further occurred until
the 11th, when he sent the remainder of his prize crew on
board, and on the 12th we sailed for this place, where we
arrived on the 25th, having been detained several days in
the river for steam. Immediately on our arrival here I
was allowed to go and see the consul, and brought before
the prize commissioner, who put to me on oath
43 questions. I thoaght it best to answer them, and did so
to the extent of my knowledge, when I was told I could go
where I liked, and that 1, together with the remainder of
the crew, which were still on board, must quit the ship--
where we went was no business of theirs, we might starve
if we liked.
I, together with the crew, then went to the consul, who
sent the crew to a place (boarding house), and I, with the
captain of the Volant, of Jersey, are staying in the house of
a widow woman, with whose family we take our meals.
Yesterday I saw the consul, who recommended me to go
and engage Mr. Briggs, an English lawyer here, a very
able man (so he says), to take up our case, and defend it in
the Prize Court. I did so, und noted my protest, which will
be forwarded to Lord Lyons at Washington.
I do not think there is a chance of their being able to
condemn the ship, and the greatest difficulty will be to be
able to make them pay damages ; it will, I expect, become
another affair for the Government to take up. The expenses
here will be heavy, without possibility of avoiding them,
and I hope I shall be considered by the owners of the
Science to have done right in anything I may have to do.
To await instructions from you from England would not
answer, as the case may be finished before they could arrive
here. _ _ _

29, GEORGE-STREET, HANOVER-SQUARE.
THE LONDON ANATOMICAL MUSEUM.
Open daily from 10 till 10. Lectures at 4 and 7
o'clock. Where may be seen the Astecs ; Bushman and
Wife ; Julia Pastrana and Infant ; Eng and Shane-, the
Siamese Twins ; and upwards of 3,000 Models, Natural Pre-
parations, &c. Egyptian Mummies, unwrapped, 4,000 years
old. Admission, One Shilling (tor Gentlemen only).

BEAUTIFUL WOMEN.—Alabaster Powder,
and the Magnetic Rock Dew Water from Sahara. Cir-
cassian Bloom. Arabian Soaps, and Alabaster Liquid. These
costly and inimitable toilet preparations render the hair,
teeth, and complexion beautiful beyond comparison.—Can be
had only at hladame RACHEL'S, 47A, New Bond-street,
where she can be consulted daily. All communications are
strictly confidential.

Her Majesty's steam sloop Mutine (Capt. Graham, pro.
meted yesterday to post rank) was taken into basin a
Woolwich to commence stripping. The whole of the ship's
company on leave of absence yesterday returned to their
duties. Capt. Graham has been promoted in testimony of
ventilation Sovereign
much valuable service over. a period of 22 years.
The steam store ship
Supply, Master-Commander
Bowden, yesterday went to Deptford, from Woolwich, to
load with victualling stores for the Mediterranean.
existing in every large ship
An important part of Dr. Edmonds's ventilating appa-
ratustdteumrtrhaianaldto a long air shaft on each side of the ship,
cupola-ship
ship'sat
channels
timberh aavnani
lealsbspl actually
c for the
t This is done by connecting
Portsmouth, in which, by a simple arrangement, from 300
has been fitted to the aoyhael
havetbt°hi e3ggse:e beenananat
l
through which a draught is created by communicating it
by a cross shaft into the funnel. The efficacy of this plan
has been already tested in the Royal Sovereign, a very
slight increase of temperature in the funnel sufficing to
draw a current of air through the air shafts, and necessarily
through the whole framework of the ship from the bilges,
which, passing into the funnel, is carried high into the open
air. Shipowners view this mode of ventilation with great
favour, as it promises to prevent dry rot by the free c ircu-
lation of air which it creates over the interior timber
surfaces, a desideratum which has hitherto baffled the skill
of scientific men to accomplish. Even those who advocate
the substitution of iron for timber in their construction of
;hips must admit that while we have timber ships it is not
wise to neglect taking the best means to preserve them—
but another part of the invention included in the patent is
peculiarly adapted even to iron steam-ships, and consists of
air channels which are made to form part of the deck itself
and act immediately below it. These are either united with
the previously described air shafts or ventilated separately—
both alike by exhaustion of foul air—but in wooden ships
these maybe dispensed with, although highly useful. Those
who have been a voyage to India or the colonies have un-
pleasant recollections of the foulness of the air and close-
ness between the decks and in the cabins, from bilge effluvia
being vented into them through the open timber spaces,
there can be no excuse. for this nuisance continuing,
as the means for preventing it are, by means of this inven-
tion, made easy of ado p` ion, and applicable to all ships, as
any of the ordinary methods of ventilation can be used in
connection with it where the funnel draught is not available.
Those destructive fevers which frequently occur and cause
such ravages
in our ships of war serving in the tropics, if
they are not caused, are often, doubtless, aggravated by
malarious influences arising within the ship, fomented into
fatal activity by a high temperature, and the more insidious
but equally inveterate forms of disease, such as occurred in
the St. J can d'Acre and Cressy, described in Dr. 13ryson's
statistical report on the health of the navy just published,
were, in the opinion of the medical officers of these ships,
• to be attributed tooirailar agencies, When pr, Ethuondeo

____
NO CUREn.ltitohePuAseY.oTTKhLPLei-AeimrisnenvtosLuTeAcelscs
FLEXIBLERUen BdinYlLT, novel in principle and action, in the
cure 01 nervous and muscular affections, admits of its sale
being made dependent upon verified efficacy. A new Belt can
be bad on trial for a month, tree of charge, for rheumatism,
neuralgia, sciatica, epilepsy, nervous debility, paralysis,
sprain-0, tic doloureux, bronchial cough, asthma, spasms,
11, Cr
Crooked-lane,
e a _
size indigestion, inactive liver, &c. By the mild continu-
ousu electrictcedurrent evolved, exhausted vital energy is edec-
accordinn- to • Prices, is. 'to 15s. each ; for extreme cases,
',me Kinand ower. Testimonials sent free. —Depot,
' William-street, City.

LAmBERrs
EFFECTUAL itI'HMATIC BALSAIII.—AN
or affecting the head trulyllEDY, without confining the bowels
mitted to be the beat medicineill cacious and pleasant, is ad
coughs, colds, confirmed cases asthma, and incipient con-
sumption. It frequently cures ra
yi ms mtpheaedr it ait
cit
uceskli immediately
irn.r
geal
,and
dvhiaincsghk
pronounce incurable, admirablyPf persons whom the faculty
provokes frequent coughing. In
approachingr t ve dconsumption
r
its effects are truly beneficial. Persoiisp
depend on relief
even lying down for fear of suffocation
and
,13(
llda„r solda and
by in a few minutes after taking it. PreParZ
W. LAMBERT, Chemist. 8, Kin, William-street
cross, London, and by all drugg,sts, in bottles,
three quantities in one, 2s. 9d. each. Be
for Lambert's Asthmatic Balsam, The name and aurae are
i engraved on the atattp,

To obtain money I shall require a letter of credit, I ex-
pect. If you think it well to send me one you will no doubt
do so.
I need not say how sorry lam this affair should have
taken place; but the absence of an English man of war
enables the Yankees to annoy the English or other neutral
vessels as much as they please, as the trade to Matamoras
is an eyesore to thorn, and they want to_ make it se that

•
•
. 4
..tooo.co
..1:17. • -
471,-i4At7
.176,13410 6.% gaiw„,
• - • ..1„` , • %.
."--Ng„ • ,
ON-9V
DIE 140 t, -DRorr•
4, •

der_

PRICE..... -...4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

connected with the establishment. The loss of eggs while
the operations connected with distribution of the fera was
being conducted was only 22,000—a mere trifle in such a
large quantity. The total number of eggs provided for the
season 1860-61 was 14,726,1G0, of which 131 per cent. were
lost, 591 per cent. distributed, and 27 per cent, retained at
head-quarters. When we consider the enormous repro-
ductive power of all kinds of fish we have no cause to think
this distribution of ova large. A female salmon yields her
eggs by the thousand for every pound of her weight. The
carp, the trout, the perch, and all other kinds are equally
prolific, and give their eggs in tens of thousands.

Twenty-fourth Annual Report of Births,
Deaths, and Marriages in England.

The annual budget of the Chancellor of the Ex..
chequer is of very inferior interest to the annual
report of the Registrar-General, though the former
is looked forward to with much livelier expectation

than the latter, for the popular mind attaches itself
more earnestly to pounds, shillings, and pence than
to the health and strength of those by whom the

tions, addressed to the Registrar-General by Dr.
Arland, the Regius Professor of Medicine in the

revenue is contributed. We never hear any gene-

University of Oxford, in reference to the fever in
that city, and in the region extending over the
Thames Basin. It appears that there were two cases
of typhoid fever in Worcester College which were

ral complaint of too much money, bat there are
constant regrets at an imputed excess of popula-
tion. A deficiency of coin is regarded as a national
calamity, but a decline in the numbers of the

registered. The site of the college is low and not
well-drained, but these defects apply to the whole

city. There is no systematic drainage, and the whole
subsoil is infiltrated with filth from cesspools and

other reservoirs of putrescent matter.

people is considered a blessing by a certain school
of political philosophers. There are financiers
who think that machinery, which neither eats nor
drinks, and never rebels, is a more favourable in-
strument to civilised society than labour, which re-
grow sedi
quires food and clothing, and is apt to
tious. These condemn earlyiturriages,and-preanh
up the doctrine of moral restraint; and some of the
more heartless among them have not hesitated to
include epidemics and other causes of early mortality
among the list of desirable agencies rather to be
allowed free scope than to be prevented. However,
this class is happily becoming extinct, and public
opinion has most strongly decided in favour of sani-
tary reform. Men have learned the obvious truth,
for a long time concealed, that if every mouth is a
consumer every hand is a producer, and that of all
taxes the fever tax is the more severe. Free trade,
though still a doctrine to be realised—for it only yet
exists in a narrowly exceptional form—has taught

that the whole human race, however scattered on
the surface of the globe, form one co-operative
society, and this truth will be universally recog-
nised when each nation can get rid of its local
prejudices and jealousies. Then it will be acknow-
ledged that the health of the people is ,as worthy
of the solicitude of Government as the cultivation
of the soil and the improvement of machinery.
The Anglo-Saxon family have proved themselves
vigorously prolific in offspring, for while we have
populated distant regions, and thus founded future
empires, we have been adding a million souls to
the mother country in each quinquennial period.

The evil ;s

We read in the report that "in 1836-40 the popu-
lation was rising through its 16th million; in
1841-45, through its 17th; in 1846-50, through
its 18th ; in 1851-55, through its 19th ; and in
1856-60, through its 20th million. In the middle
of 1861 it is estimated to have reached 20,110,496.
The English registration now comprehends within
its scope a population greater by the present popu-
lations of London and the three Ridings of York-

too great and ran-lit-lad to be carea by local improve-

meut, and Dr. Acland assigns this as a reason wily
the inhabitants are apparently so indifferent, they
deeming it useless to engage in minor plans which
would fail through inkdequacv. therefore,
advisca, that the drainage of the whole Thames
valley above Teddington leek ought to be in gm
hands of a Government commission." This is even

ahire combined than it was when the ''nations.

a gaander scheme than the metropolian drainage
now being effected, though it really forms a part of
it, for unless the upper Thames be conserved in

purity the lower Thames must be foul with const int
descending filth. Under proper regulations each
town on its banks would divert its sewage from the
river. It is true that some drainage works have
been during many years in progress on the upper
Thames and its tributaries, but they have not been

prosecuted on any concerted plan. There can be no
doubt that the gigantic works superintended by Mr.
Bazalgette will conduce most powerfully to the
health of London, but his labours cannot be cum•,
plete if, from the higher grounds, the Thames be-
tween the. bridges is liable to daily invasion by
corrupt waters., which poison the supplies of the
water companies. Dr. Acland insists that the ele-

system was established in 1837." After such a
statement we cease to wonder at the enormous
extensim of the builded area of the metropolis
and the enlargement of the principal provincial
towns. It is very certain that we have not become
poorer by the process, nor has our self-sustaining
power shown any sign of diminution. Where it
will end is one of those speculative theories into
which we are not called upon to enter, and it
would be a mere waste of time to indulge in barren
conjectures. We can trace back the querulous tone
of over-population, over-production, and over-trad-
ing, and the lachrymose whine over colossal cities,
to the reign of Elizabeth, and we may safely leave
1, the future to provide for itself.

ments of disease are conveyed in water, though the
distance may not be accurately known. He also
thinks that " the soil modifies in a high degree the
effects of the surface waters." There are other evils
. . _

impure water which cannot be expressed in
power,
incalculable." Of
course
tardy conval—
c wer,
fmtrhoedeath rate, because they do not actually extin-
guish 1ife34115,,1,3aF9 ‘!gable
..!
isttrheitl' anediscomlort
are fatal to labour as a productive
ecstis:C:ll.l,
power, be it physical or intellectual, and therefore
fatal to national wealth.

On the
the 8t
op
1861, when the census was
taken, of London was 2,803,989.
ph April,ulati on
If we take the difference between the two last
censuses as the guide to calculation, it would

appear that the daily increase to the population of
London is 121 souls; bat its natural increase, that
is the excess of births over deaths, was about 72
only; thus it received daily an immigrant population
of 50 who settled permanently. Here is a fertile
text for those speculative and ingenious statisti-
cians who anticipate the future, and extend or
lmimuciththdeepbenudilsdeodn atrheea of
fancy, their hopes, and
sanitary state of localities;
t hcietiires
feaacreso:dinisf tocotuhresire
fever, the offspring of overcrowding and imperfect
numbers,
aa
nn
dd
tcehnosl e rao f
rapidlyamite their thousands
thins
vat
hne ondnt isilananfit idnosen.n, But,influenza
le earns
linfeinwthirche
to come, that increased regard for h a
attends civilisation is not likely to fail, and there-
fore it may be presumed that population will con-
tinue to increase. But much yet remains to be done
in the direction of preventive measures. The streets
must be widened and better cleansed, the rivers
purified, and the dwellings of the poorer classes ire
proved in accommodation ; though the greatest of
all reforms must be effected by individuals them-
selves, in strictly adhering to habits of temperance,
the great conservator of life and health.

An appendix to the report of Dr. F&rr is most

valuable in a medical point of view. It refers to
the public health in 1861. He shows that since
1832 there has been an unusual prevalence of diarr-

hces, passing into cholera or dysentery, and in 1861,
these diseases killed more than 20,000 persona,

while fever immolated more than 15,440 victims.
Dr. Farr confirms the views of Dr. Acland as to
water, soiled by impure admixtures, being one of
the vehicles of disease. He says :—" The ova of
worms and the seeds of various diseases are thus
diffused among children ; while great numbers of
men and women in the prime of life also suffer, and
often die of the maladies which are the inevitable
consequences of violations of natural laws." Dr.
Farr also refers incidentally but significantly to the
sewage of towns, and shows it to be a part of the
economy of nature to restore to the land, the source
of food, the refuse arising from it after consumption.
In common with all other natural laws its viola.-

The present report refers to the year 1861, and
is confined to England, in which there were

163,706 marriages. Of these 130,699 were solem
nised according to the rites of the Church of Eng-
land; and for one married after licence five were
married after banns. There were only 16 cases of
special licence. A fact well worthy of notice is that,
" although the eleventh division (Monmouthshire
and Wales) does not contain half the population
of London, there are 710 religious buildings regis-
tered for marriages in that division, while in Lon-
don there are but 309. Cheshire and Lancashire
have little more than the population of London,
but the registered buildings in these counties are
twice as numerous as those of the metropolis." It
may be interesting to our fair readers to know that
there were more than twice as many marriages
between widowers and spinsters as between bache-
lors and widows ; the respective numbers were
15,067 and 7,034. There were, however, more
widows married by widowers than by bachelors.
In the marriages of minors the softer sex predo-
minated in the ratio of three to one. The exact
numbers were 31,927 to 10,415. These early
espousals largely predominated in the country, for
in London the proportion was small. This has
been referred to the mode of living in the metro-
polis; but others attribute it to the dearness of house
accommodation, which is adverse to matrimony.
The marriage register becomes a test of elemen-
tary education, from which it appears that 26,333
men and women were unable to attest their signa-
tures in writing. However, there has been an im-
provement in the last 20 years, since the mark sig-
natures have fallen from 41 per cent. in marriages,
at which they stood in 1841, to 30 per cent.hllB6l
of 100 men and 100 women, 75 of the former and 65
of the latter wrote their names in the registers. In
this educational test London is superior to all other
parts of England in regard to both sexes. Of those
who marry in London, 89 men in 100 and 82 women
can sign their names. In several English counties the
proportion of men similarly qualified sinksto7mn.
70
oper
cent. In the Welsh division, which includes
mouthshire, it falls to
60 and 65 per cent. As a
tet
general rule, the north is better educated than the
south, and it may be mentioned as a fact, perhaps
unexpectedaaeashire
areby ma
not better en in
L
in North Wales. If we take
i the marriage signa-
ture ny readers,
educa d that
thanhe
the women
women
ffo ,and
as the test, the women n Sussex, Berkshire.
Hertfordshire, Essex, Sulk
Norfolk, and a
few other counties not specified, are better educated
than the men. W the hen we consider indefatigable
industry now manifested in the Sunday schools we
may confidently expect that in the next twenty
Years and even in less titne'there 'will be few
.
mar-
riages without written signatures.
In 1861 the births 69
13 f 6 406 children were
registered. The birth rate was 3.461 per cent.
.
of
one birth to 29 persons
ng.
The males were to the proportion of
females in the
104.6 to 100. This as an average,
must be taken
for there werefrom the rule.
local divergences
This in was 110 to
utlandshire the rate of boys
100 girls • 99 9 to 100. It
, In Somersetshire it fell •
is a curious f
fact that more children are always born
in the first six than in the last six months of the
Year. Of those born out of wedlock the average is
6,3 per cent. In London the proportion of the ille-
gitimate is lowest, being only 4.4 per cent.; inCum-
or per cent. The pro-
berland it was highest,
portion of boys burn
out of wedlock compared to those
born in wedlock is higher in relation to girls.
Speaking generally, and without reference to the
distinction between legitimate and illegitimate, the
birth rate is below the average in districts adjoining
the metropolis. It is lowest in North Wales, or
2.953; and highest in Warwickshire, 3.69 ; in
Lancashire, 3.77 ; but reaches its maximum in Staf-
fordshire and Durham, where it is 4.02 and 4.03.
The death rate was 435,114. Of the male popu-
lation the rate was 2.268, of the female 2.063. In
1861 England was generally healthy, and mortality
below the average in each quarter.
Annexed to the report are some valuable cbservas

tion is attended with heavy and certain penalties,
for not only does subsistence frequently fail in con-
sequence, but putrid dirt, through its accumulation,
generates pestilence.
Dr. Farr refers to Dr. Murchison's book on the
" Fevers of Great Britain," and divides those
which are well known, and capable of exact defini-
tion, into the three distinct heads of typhus,

typhinia, and typhoid, or typhia. These are
chiefly generated by overcrowding, and are often
diffused by infection. Of typhus, 21 in 100 cases
die in :the London Fever Hospital, but second at.
tacks are very rare. Typhinia is a form of relaps-
ing fever. The patient attacked by it, after being
apparently recovered at the end of seven days, is
again prostrated on the fourteenth day; the fever,
epidemic, and infectious, prevails in time of famine.
It is generally fatal in the ratio of one case out of
49. Typhoid, or typhia, is endemic in character,
and its presence may be known by the eruption of
rose spots on the skin. Ia the London Fever Hos-
pital 19 cases in 100 terminate fatally, It ,
attacks
the young, but rarely recurs a second time. Filth
and the exhalations arising from it generate this
disease. The prevalence of this scourge, greatly
preventible by cleanliness in dwellin ...houses, has
induced us to enter on these details as warnings to
the working classes, who cannot be too much on
their guard against its insidious approaches in close
and unventilated neighbourhoods. In 1861
there
1
died in London of fever ,- ave-
rage of deaths from this cause is larger in the whole
The kingdom.
metropolitan fever fields cover
Shoreditch, Whitech i Mile-end, Pop-
lar,ap_e ? Stepney,
and Bermon6sis Islington,
in
where the deaths Y' The hospital
registered—but they are not
due to Islington are
being
sent to it from
all parts of ' the patients
London,Quittin • and entering the pro-
stokes the metropolis
vin es •
e--- in quest of fever, Portsea Island and Alver-
stoke, Portsmouth and GOSpOrt, the great seats of
military and naval power, are described as fatal
fever districts; nor was the Isle of Wight, which
en.,
ever travelled enjoys a popularreputation for healthiness, exempt.
rup the lichen Valley to Winches-
ter. Abingdon was another centre, from which it
r and Eton. It was typhoid which
spread to Win-8°
ofthe lamented P • Albert.
The mortalitythecounLry Prince
in
lbert.
The range of
1861, from fever, was from 6.63 to 10.41 in 10,000
persons. .
Diphtheria 's a comparatively new form of dis-
ease, and on its first appearance its true: character
was only recognised by the ablest medical practi-
' tioners, it being generally confounded with putrid
sore throat and scarlatina. This epidemic was at
its height in 1859, and has since slowly subsided.
It is chiefly fatal to the young. "In seven years
1553 adults died of the disease at 25 and upwards;
under that age 28,216 died." The ravages of scar-
latina are chiefly felt in the coal districts of the
north of England, and it is recommended that the
Icause should be investigated. Small-pox is said
now to exist "by sufferance." The legislature has
provided for the protection of helpless children by
vaccination, which is either neglected or inefficie tf,...
performed, 'but where the blame lies it seems h be-J
impossible to determine. Another fatal disease:
which entirely depends on individual free isease
alcoholism, described as " slow •
will, is,
spirits." It not only kills, but those polsoniag by
sur-
vive its insidious attacks are c who
en-
feebled in body and mind. sure to become
The annual mortality from de
respiratory organs is peculiarly ttalrangement of the
most dangerous are bronchi.is„aA. Of these the
pneumonia.
appeals that the latter has not much varied in cnia.
It
the
last ten years, but Within the same period
the
former has increased from 1- 0.3 to 09
86
Thou-
chitis is chiefly fatal to the io,l(14 3,
pneumonia to the
young. From both these inflammations inations girls are
is Tern
more free than boys. It remarkable how many
meet their deaths from burns and scalds, and burns
have increased in recent nears. Even superficial
skin injuries from these causes, followed by sick-
ness, are frequently fatal after many weeks.
These are Popularly ascribed, in the majority of
cases, to accidents, but the more correct term would
be carelessness. It is advised that all open fires,
lizhts, and kettles of hot water, should be sur-
rounded by good guards, and that dresses should
be starched with such chemical materials as render
• them incombustible.