The Sun.
London, England, 1837-09-07 00:00:00

SPAIN.

MADRID. AUG. 28.—Affairs still continue here in a very
unsettled state. To describe them in detail would be to
describe a system deranged in all its departments. Imbe-
cility in the Government, conspiracies in the army, and the
discords of party make up the elements of the wretched
picture. Long before you receive this you will have seen
the consequences of this state of things in the (Iciest of an
important division of the Queen's troops in Arragon by
the forces of the Pretender. The intelligence of this oc-
currence was vaguely current in this city yesterday evening,
but was not believed to the extent which the official notice
in the Gazelle of this morning would seem to justify. From
the manner in which the despatch is given, the rumoured
extent of the defeat would appear not to be an exaggera-
tion. This at least is the prevailing opinion here. Letters
from Burgos, of the 2.5 th, place the Castilian factions in
the neighbourhood of Cobarrubias and Betuarta. Fears
were entertained of their attacking that town, and prepa-
irations were being made for its defence. Such is the ne-
glect of nelilrolo-catlnli between the PI4r101P(15 014 the
authorities pf Bu at the above date were ignorant of
the position ofthr t4roops which were to defend them, and
of the resignaoeq of •-iended Nrio.
Espartero has at length moved from Torrelaguna to
Jadracue, about two or three leagues south of Siguenza,
to

wait, as he states in his dispatch, t!ie course of events, and
to act accordingly. The reports of his being compelled to
keep within doors from terror of his being shot by his troops
have somewhat declined ; but there are grounds for be-
lieving that he is not in much favour with them. The fate
of the officers who mutinied is still undecided.

Olozago is said to have been offered a place in the Ca-
binet with the Presidency of the Council of Ministers, and
to have declined. This, of course, might have been fore-
seen, as Olozaga now belongs to a different party from that
at. present in power. Ail parties, both friends and enemies,
are unanimous in their condemnation of Gonzalez Alonso
for accepting office.

PORTUGAL.

MANIFESTO OP THE REBgi, REGENCY.

" It is known to the whole world ho* his most faithful
Majesty, the Senor Don Pedro I V., of Alotlotts
inheriting rroth hlx anehstors the Portnicuette Crown ets
cording to the ancient riindamental law of this itiOnalthyl
freely and tpontanc Misly abditatA the sattlisi establishing
by this tint nett/ filiidathental law and a new dynasty,
and binding together in such a manner those two conces-
sions that they beCathe inseparable froth the thotheht lti
which the nation received and swore ttdelity to both. It
was equally known to the world in what a perfidious and
treasonable manner a Prince of the Portuguese blond en-
deavoured to deprive us of both the advantages granted
to us, and, joining tyranny to rebellion, succeeded for some
time in enslaving a part of the nation. But there was also
observed the loyal manner in which a small number of
men, remaining immovable in their fidelity to their oaths,
preserved a nucleus of resistance, which combated by every
means, could never be disorganised, and which, developing
its energies subsequently under the command Of the be-
sumer of the Charter, succeeded in re-establishing the
;attic, and in confirming the throne of her most faithful
Majesty, Donna Maria 11., the origin and head of the dy-
nasty, bound up with the same charter.
" It is useless to record how many and what painful sa-
crifices of every kind that result cost to the Portuguese
nation, because all the Portuguese, of every class, more or
less felt them, and partook of them. But it is an unde-
niable tact, and which no one can contradict, that from the
moment in which the charter was re-established over all the
monarchy, in spite of the premature death of the defender
of the charter, then Regent in the name of the Queen,
in spite of the fluctuations of the civil war in the neigh-
bouring country, and of the incessant instigations of the ene-
mles of every liberal system, not one voice was lifted up in
Portugal to dispute the right of her most faithful Majesty
to her Crown, or that of her people to the liberties con-
signed in the charter, and that small bandNf highway rob-
bers, who coVered their lawless proceedings with the mask
of politics, without means, and without any recognised chiefs
.done made disturbances here and there of a momentary
e'laracter in the peace of the kingdom. Such was the state
Of this kingdom from the epoch of the restoration until the
9th of September, 1836, the day on which the populace
ti Lisbon, deceived and excited by men whose intentions we
leave the nation to judge of b) their deeds, dared to raise
a seditious cry against the institutions which protected the
throne and the country, to break and ennihilate the social
bond of the Portuguese, substituting for it an old compact
which had been abjured almost as soon as it was formed, a
vague thing of illusory promises, a tyrannical oligarchy,
founded upon a pretended democracy. From that moment
the faith of the oath appeared despised, the sceptre was
broken in the hands of the Queen, the charter which united
us was blotted out, and the bonds of society effectually dis-
solved. The dominant oligarchy disenvolved its plans,
mocked the nation in convoking a so-called national repre-
sentathin, to which it prescribed, and upon which it imposed
beforehand a forced opinion ; it mocked the throne, de-
priving it of the liberty of choosing its agents, and obliging
the Queen to sanction the acts which they dictated to her.
'Fhey even conceived the foolish expectation, that the men
whose loyalty resisted the tyranny of a usurper which had
continued for five years, was solidly established, and powei-
fully armed, would bend the neck to an ignoble yoke, with-
out sympathies, support, or consistency.

" But they were not long in finding out the frivolity of
their hopes, and, in spite of having driven away from pub-
lic affairs the most conspicuous defenders of the charter, in
spite of having disunited and almost annihilated the army
which restored it, the cry of Viva a Carta e a Rainha' had
scarcely resounded in one of the extremities of the kingdom,
when it found an echo in all the provinces, and the unani-
mity of thoughts and of designs united as if by enchant-
ment a nucleus of brave men, who, covered with the bless--
ings of the people, will march upon the capital, in order to
decide there the destinies of the country. Placed at this
moment at the head of the loyal Portuguese in order to
promote their liberation of the nation and of her Majesty,
the Regency temporarily established for the government of
the kingdom during the captivity of her Majesty, conceives
it to be its duty to make in her name and in that of the
loyal Portuguese engaged in the same cause a solemn de-
claration and' manifesto of their sentiments and designs, and
of their objects, setting forth consequently the causes, the
motives, and the intentions which have moved all of them
to take up arms against the Government defiteio which
since the 9th of September of the past year has enslaved
the country.
" IT THLUEFORE DRCLARZS--

" 1. That they do not recognise, that they have not
recognised, and that they never will recognise, as the fun-
41amental law of the Portuguese monarchy, regulating the
prerogatives of the Throne and the rights of the people,
any other compact than the constitutional charter of the
Portuguese monarchy, spontaneously conferred upon the
same nation by the Senor Don Pedro IV. of glorious me-
mory, and by that nation accepted, swore to, and gloriously
restored. •
" 2. That they do not recognise, have not recognised,
and never will recognise, any alterations made in the same
charter by any other means than those which are prescribed
in the same fundamental law, in order for its successive re-
farms and improvement.
" 3. That they will consider all the Acts—Executive,
Political, and Legislative, of the different Governments de
fiwto which have enslaved this kingdom since the 9th of
September last, as well as those of all the assemblies, of
whatever nature by the same Government convoked, as
null, of no effect, and obligatory upon no one Portuguese.
" 4. Th it their only object is the complete restoration of
the Throne and of the nation, to the full enjoyment of the
prerogatives, immunities, and liberties, which belong to
each of them, according to the constitutional charter of the
Monarchy.
" 5. That every question of administrative opinions, of
persons, or of parties, is entirely foreign to the ends,
designs, and projects both of the Provisional Regency and
of the Portuguese engaged in this restoration ; and that
from the moment in which the latter is effected all inter-
vention on their part in state. affairs will cease (as they will
then begin to be governed according to the rules and by the
means and organs established in the charter), their views
being solely directed to support the dignity of the throne,
the prosperity of the nation, and the good of the country.
" Thus, for itself and for all loyal Portuguese, it declares
and makes known this manifesto to all the Portuguese, as
well as to all Governments, and to all people, because this
is the cause of religion, of the throne, and of liberty.
" Villa de Torres Vedras, the 21st of August, 1837.
(Signed)

DUQUP: DE TERCEIRA,
" NIKRQUEZ DE SALDANHA,
" L. DE SA. MOUSINHO DE ALBUQUERQUE."

PRUSSIA.

BERLIN, AUGUST 30.—We are all on a sudden thrown
into a consternation bordering almost on stupefaction. The
cholera morbus has rushed firtvard on the population like
an invincible foe, sweeping away almost every one who had
the ill fortune to be within its reach. On its first being ru•
moored that there were some suspecious cases in town every
body smiled contemptuously ; but, alas this sphynx under-
stood but too well to put herself into respect—nobody now
ever affects to smile, nay, the most undaunted are not
ashamed to quake. Do I exaggerate ?—read the daily bul-
letins in our papers, compare the number of the attacked and
the deceased with the total of the population, and compare
it too with the bulletins issued on the first eruption of the
cholera in 1831, you then will find that it was child's
play in the latter period when contrasted with it now.
Then the intensity, too, of the evil has risen in pro-
portion ; a terribly large number of persons of all classes
is carried off within the space of two or three hours from
the first moment of the symptoms showing themselves.
No ; I do not exaggerate in assuring you that a general
gloom of the deepest hue is cast over this capital, which
manifests itself both in the sudden diminution of the small
trade, in company, in the theatres, and in the camp now
raised near Berlin. At other times a camp formed the
chief attraction for this military population ; at present the
soldiers are left to enjoy the pleasures of bivouacing quite
to themselves. It had been expected that the King, in
consideration of the danger evidently attending the fatigues
and exposure of a camp during an epidemic, in a season
which, though not inclement, would, in all. likelihood, be a
rainy one, would countermand the whole. In fact, he was
already prevailed upon to do so by the Prince Royal. But
are the pedantic, self-conceited, princely generals in the
army to be deprived of the so long wished for prospect of
parade and playing war merely on account of the paltry
chance of some hundreds of soldier; dying, or the still more
paltry chance public opinion being outraged by so little
respect being shown for the lives of the subjects ? No,
certainly ; 'twould be a shame to yield thus much to pub-
lic) Opinion it must be struck cavalierly in the face, in
order that it may be reeoznisM that men are made for
manoeuvres and camps, and not vice versa. Aeecidiugiy,
the old Kin 4 was dunned an bc4bcryc4 ickte, 4 revocatiop of

the resolution obtained by the common sense of the Crown
Prince.

The twentytwo cantons of the arondissement of Breslau
had, last year, 1,231,725 sheep, which produced 21,630
cwt. of wool, rather an unfavourable rate, as nearly the
same quantity of wool had been produced in 1835 .by 39,125
sheep less than the above number.

All the letters and papers from the Cvlholic provinces
of Hanover breathe a spirit of decided opposition to the
liberticide machinations of M. de Schcle. King Ernest
will have created to himself a little Ireland nearer home.
The faithful helpmate of all absolutist schemes, the political
weekly journal of Berlin, styles the Constitution' given to
Hanover by William IV., ‘. a Constitution in the new-phi-
losophical sense." Hic keret. This is, indeed, the real
ground of all Tory hostilities. Whatever is new is a thorn
in their eyes ; so that
.if the New Testament was to be
founded to-day, though by the same divine authority, they
would consider it as a revolution end ding in the fdds CMI.
tinning Ole*., Who, in fact, are nothing but Testes h ti
tigibus point of flew. The same may trgr • With regard
to Prr.testantism, which they tared to defend ; were Wik-
liffe, Knox, Huss, or Luthet., to preach reform of the
Chureh today tht Tories and the political weekly journai
t erno would to be consistent with their Own principles
be forced to condemn them as preaching a religion " in the
new-philosophical sense,"
Only thirty families of the Rhenish nobility have, till
non., acueedcd to the autonomic law of government which
is to re-introduce in that province the nuisance of primo-
genitures.—Morning Chronicle.

BRUSSELS AND GERMAN PAPERS.

BRUSSELS, SEPT. 4.—We are assured that there will be
a general review of the civic guard by the King during the
September fete.

An Englishman, 35 years of age, coming from Liverpool,
VV2S arrested yesterday, and sent to the Amego, for want of
a passport and of means of subsistence.

SEPT. 6.—The King and Queen of the Belgians will em-
bark at Ram32,-ate on Tuesday next for Beigiutn.
ANTWERP, SEPT. s.—The engineer of the Ciledonia
steam-boat was caught yesterday by the machinery of the
vessel and crushed to death. The corpse was conveyed to
the hospital. _

The famous General Evans, whose arrival we announced
yesterday, lodges at the Hotel St. Antoine.—Journal du
Conznte:•cc d'Anvers, Sept. 6.

MELO! AN I. UNDS—BaussELs, Sim' &
Actual Debt, 21p per Cent. ...
Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Cent.
Loan of Thirty Millions tiii
Loan of ( itv, 1832. 4 per Cent. 9934
Society of Commerce, 4'.per Cent.... .....
Bank of Belgium 5 per Cent l4O
Brussels Psspers, Sept. 6.
AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—Viaxna, tco. 28.
rive per Cents. Metalliques
Four per Cents.
Three per Cents
Bank Shares
—Allgetwine Zeitung, Sept 2.

THE CHOLERA.

The Berlin Gazette of the 29th ult. announces that,
since the preceding day, there had been 90 new cases of
cholera, and 36 deaths, in that city.
We have received the following from Rome of the f.23d
ult. :—" The cholera is proceeding with rapid strides, and
the general terror is daily increasing. The disease has at-
tacked with marked virulence the Carbineers and the regi-
ments of the line, and has raged with peculiar violence in
the Rivere de Borgo in Transtavere, and I Monti, on the
Quirinal. From the commencement of the disease there
have been nocturnal processions with illuminations, and
even macoktti, as during the last days of the carnival, and
which must give to the resident foreigners an idea of
the ancient Bacchanalia. In these processions very few
men appear, but great numbers of women follow barefooted.
It is remarked that, after these processions began, the pro-
portions of deaths were two-thirds women to one-third men.
All is anarchy and confusion ; it has been said that the Pope
has removed to Assisi ; but I have been assured that he is
still in Rome, although he keeps himself still shut up. The
surrounding country has been rendered almost impassable
for travellers, and even for couriers. There have been dis-
turbances at Viterbo and Civita Castellana. The populace
of the latter town has obliged the Governor to send back
the courier from Rome, and the letters for the provinces
aro sent on by fresh ones. We are expecting a reinforce-
ment of national and Swiss troops from the Legations, and
from Ancona, who will, it is said, be replaced by a regiment
of Croats from Milan. and a battalion of French troops des-
tined for Ancona. The state of the public mind is no less
alarming in the Marches and in Umbria."
A letter from Bologna of the 27th ult. has the following:

The cholera has not yet made its appearance amongst
us, but we are afflicted with an infinity of other evils, of which
the most severe is incendiarism. 'We have had five fires
within a fortnight, the three last being on as many suc-
cessive days—the 24th, 25th, and, 26th. These catas-
trophes haVe caused the Government great alarm, inas-
much as they are considered to be the results of a con-
spiracy to excite disturbance, and create a necessity for
an augmentation of the Austrian troops. It is said that
if there should be another fire to-night, the Austrian
General will proclaim martial law. We are consequently
in a state of anxiety and agitation. In Romagna, and par-
ticularly at Faenza and Ravenna, murders have been com-
mitted which have thrown the inhabitants into the utmost
state of terror. An Austrian officer has been assassinated
at Forli."
The latest accounts of the cholera at Leghorn coma
down to the 20th ult., on which day only seven cases and.
four deaths had occurred. The malady was on the decline.
We take the following from a Genoa letter, Aug. 27 :
" The cholera, which appeared to be on the point of leav-
ing us, has renewed its ravages with extreme violence.
The wealthy inhabitants are flying, and Savona. is crowded
with emigrants. This small town, although only a short
distance from Genoa, has hitherto remained untainted ;
and yet the disease makes great progress along the Riviera.
Other parts of the kingdom are also suffering from this
terrible scourge. A thousand sinister reports circulate in
every direction ; the places of public amusement, however,
are frequented as before. The cholera is said to have made
its appearance at Menton, a town situated only two leagues
from Monaco."

The Servian Gazelle of July 30 contains the following
article

" The sanitary state of all Runiclia is at this moment
extremely bad. The plague is every where spread, and rages
in a dreadful manner at Sophia, which has a population of
46,000. There are nearly 200 deaths daily of this disorder.
It has also appeared in Bitoglia, and visits not only the

towns, but the villages. In Perot it has abated, and recant
accounts say that a great number of patients suffering under
the plague have recovered—that the mortality is diminished
by one-half; and by the latest reports even more. The
disorder has, however, spread in the villages about Perot, and
its ravages are frightful. The plague has spread in like manner
along the whole of the right bank of the Danube, which
has induced the Turkish authorities to establish a partial
quarantine, by which the communications between one
place and another are interrupted. With respect to Bos-
nia and Ilergogowina, the accounts are satisfactory. In
Servia, Heaven be praised, the pull c health is as good
as can be wished. Our august Prince has happily pre-
vented the introduction of the disorder into our country.
Besides Lazarettos and Cordons, on the frontier, which
latter have been doubled since the disorder has spread in

Rumelia approached the Servian frontier ; a later ordi-
nance of the Prince has directed the whole land frontier
next to Turkey to be covered by a fence either
a strong Abattis Where the frontier is wooded, or by palis-
sades where the country is bare of wood. On the Servian
side of this fence there is a clear road, so that the troop 3
composing the Cordon can patrol without impediment, and
easily perceive any attempt to break through the fence
the guards posted at short intervals being on the alert both
night and day to prevent, not only men, but animals, from
passing the frontier. These energetic measures ordered by
our Prince hive happily kept the plague which has not
passed the frontier of our couutry, and, please God, never
will, and Servia has reason to congratulate itself on being
preserved from this pestilence by the Providence of God
and the vigilance and energy of its Prince. The ex-
pense of these preventive measures, which is certainly consi-
derable, does not deserve to be regarded in comparison with
the lucky event.