The Sun.
London, England, 1863-07-02 00:00:00

I BE It.

!This Day. 1 ROYAL HOE'

(REUTERS TELEGRAM.)
The market steady. Saks aqout b,OOO bales; im
port, 1,175; previously, 18,473.

THE CAVALRY FIGHT AT ALDIE,

The special correspondent of the New York Times
gives the following detailed account of the cavalry
fight at Aldie on the 17th ult., which is described
as one of the sharpest cavalry battles of the war :
" Aldie, Wednesday, June 17.
" The advance of General Gregg's cavalty command
reached this place about 2 o'clock this afternoon, where two
brigades of the enemy, commanded by General Stuart in
person, were found in possession. After three hours' hard
fighting they were forced to retire. The fight while it lasted
was one of the sharpest that has occurred dieting the war,
and as a consequence the loss of officers and men on both
sides is very heavy. The enemy's pickets were first en-
countered a little east of the village by companies II and M
of the 2d New York (Harris) Light Cavalry, under the
command of Lieutenant Daniel Whittaker, and were by
them driven through the town back to a ridge of hills half
a mil© to the west, extending across from the Middle-
burgh and Snicker's Gap-road, where the rebel force was in
position ready for action. The advance brigade, under Gen.
Kilpatrick, immediately moved through to the western
edge of the town. The Ist Maine (Colonel Douty) was sent
off to a point half a mi e to the left, and the 4th New York
(Colonel Cesnola) to the right, to support a section of An-
drews's battery, placed on a rise of ground north of the
Snicker's Gap-road. The enemy at this time occupied the
hill, as before stated, where they had four guns in position;
a line of their skirmishers occupied a fence on the eastern
slope, and a long ditch, just in front of which were half-a-
dozen stacks of hay, thus commanding both Middteburgh
and Snicker's Gap-road. A. stronger position could not
well have been selected. When the exect position of the
enemy had been ascertained by drawing their fire, General
Kilpatriuk rode up to the 24 New York (Harris Light),
and said then was the time for them to wipe out the
reflection cast upon them for their alleged misconduct in
the fight of last week at Brandy Station. He ordered them
to charge into the valley and secure the haystacks; the
ditch or ravine at the rear of this position had not then been
discovered. Companies H and M, accompenied by Lieuts.
Whittaker. Raymond, Martinson, Human, ana Stuart,
moved off down the Middl,burgh-road, the fence to the
right was quickly thrown down, and with a dash this for-
lorn hope rushed up to the haystacks, For the first time
their fire was opened from the ditch a little to the rear of
the haystacks. This was filled with rebel cavalry, many of
them armed with rifles. Capt. Grintar with Lieutenants
Mattison and Shafer, and Company K, dashed up imme-
diately to the support of these companies, F, I, D, and G
went to the right up the Snicker s Gap road a piece,
turned to the left, crossed the field, and reached the scene
of conflict in time to teke an active part. The contest for
20 minutes at this point was about as spirited a scene as is
often witnessed on a bettlefield. Tire 6th Ohio, Major
Steadman, was sent up the road to the left to support the
Harris Light, when the whole command, with the Major at
its head, dashed into the fight just in time to decide the
unequal contest. The rebels were forced to abandon their
position, and all who were not killed or captured fled pre-
cipitately up the hill. They made a short wand behind the
fence, when a dash from a battalion of the 4th New York,
called on from its position behind the battery, together with
the other regiments already named, drove them peli-mell
over the hill, The Ist Maine about this time was called in
from the left, and with the Ist Massachuesets, stationed
on the Snicker's Gap road, sent to a position held by the
2d battalion of the 4th New York. The rebels at this
time charged down the same road and drove before
them a squadron, when General Kilpatrick ordered
the Ist Maine (Colonel D011ty), Ist Massachusetts
(Lieutenant-Colonel Curtis, and a battalion of the 4th New
York, under Colonel Cesnola, to charge up the road. There
was a little hesitancy at first, when General Kilpatrick, ac-
companied by Colotel Douty. of the let Maine, and Captain
Costar, of General Pleasanton's Staff, went to the front and
called upon the toops to follow. Thera was no hesitancy
then. Ihe Maine bays gave three cheers for General Kil-
patrick, and the whole column made a dash up the road in the
face of a terrible fire from carbines,riflles, and cannon, sweep-
ing everything before them. This virtually ended the fight.
The rebels, after a little more skirmishing, fell back, and
our forces to-night occupy their position. Col. Cesnola was
under arrest at the commencement of the action, but set
such a gallant example ro his men, by heeding the first
eharge without his sword, that upon returning to the road
General Kilpatrick released him from arrest and placed
upon him his own sword. He immediately after partici-
pated in the charge with the Ist Maine, Ist Massachusetts,
and 4th New York, and has not been seen since. A ser-
geant of the regiment asserts that he saw the Colonel fall,
and he is sure that he was killed, and some of the rebel
prisoners confirm this report. But the report of his death
is not generally believed. In this charge Gen. Kilpatrick
had a horse shot under him, and Colonel Douty, of the Ist
Maine, was killed. When returning from the charge the
body was found by Capt. Vaughn, who had it propery cared
for. Two shots struck him, probably at about the same time.
The Ist Massachusetts captured the battle flag of the 4th Vir-
ginia Cavalry. More than 100 prisoners were captured, mem-
bers principally of the is', 3e, 4th, and sth Virginia cavalry.
They say they were under the command of General Stuart.
Among the prisoners is one colonel, three majors, and a lot
of line officers. The major and 60 men, who were stationed
behind the haystacks, were nearly all captured. The major
considered his position impregnatle, not believing that any
cavalry would dare make a charge upon the place, swept as
the whole field was by three lines of guns. The meeting of
General Gregg's command Wes entirely unexpected by the
rebels. Stuart had arrived thus far on a forced march into
Maryland, having marched 25 miles this morning, and ex-
pecting t be on the road again in the evening. Two regi-
ments had entered the town, and had pressed into their ser-
vice all the blacksmith's toools to be found ; and when our
advance guard approached they were busily engaged shoeing
horses. To-day the command of colonel Duffle passed
through Thoroughfare G ,p, after a brief fight., and to-night
occupies Middleburgb. five miles from Aldie, and in the rear
of Stuart's army. Stuart will have to fight to-morrow at a
disadvantage, or, what is more probable, sae ale off to-night
Captain Allen, of the 4th New York Cavalry, came through
the rebel lines with this news."

THE CHARITY CHILDREN IN ST. PAUL'S

When the children rite &gain, there rises simu

•,aneously in a tall red box, like aPunch's show with the top
off, an energetic figure in a surplice, armed with a long
wick ; the organ begins to play, and, led by the man in the
surplice, the children commence the Hundredth Psalm,
which is sung in alternate verses, the children on the right
taking the first verse, and the second being taken up by
those on the left. I had heard much of this performance,

and, like, all those things of which we hear much, I was a ,
little disappointed. I had heard of people being very much ,
affected; of their bursting into tears, and showing other
signs of being overcome. I saw nothing of this. The
voices of the children were fresh, pure, and ring-
ing ; but where 1 stood at least, very close to
the choir, there was a shrillness in the tone,
which at times was discordant and almost painful.
There was also a marked peculiarity in the strong
sibillation given to the letter "S" in any words in
which it occurred. Several times during the ensuing ser-
vice the children sang much in the same manner, and I
began to think that all I had heard was overrated, when
after a Berm n during which many of them had refreshed
themselves with more than forty winks, and considerably
more than forty thousand nods, they burst into the glorious
Hallelujah chorus. The result was astonishing. I cannot
describe it. At each repetition of the word " Hallelujah,"
by the 4,000 fresh voices, you felt your eyes sparkle and
your cheeks glow. There was a sense of mental and phy-
sical exhilaration which I not only felt myself, but marked
in all around me. Now for the first time I understood how
the effect of which I had been told had been produced; now
I comprehended how the "intelligent foreigner" (who is
always brought foward as a reference) had said that such
performance could not be matched in the world.—Dickens's
" 41l the Year Round."

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS FOR THE YEAR 1862-
1863.-Ihe total amount of these receipts is
£2,753,560 for the year. The fees received at the public
(Zees in England placed to this account were £128,865.
The same in Scotland amounted to £43,909, and in Ireland
to £15,935. Theso are divided into separate items, among
which the fines for specialties received at the police-courts
in England figure at £11,724. Among other items aro
£4,614 balance of fees received in the Jewel House at the
Tower of London, £1,038, the procee..lB of condemned
slaves captured off the Gold Coast, &c., and of certain
piratical vessels and goads condemned in the Vice-Admi •
g Kong ; £19,1A gross revenue of the
rttlty Court at Hon
and
London Gazette, £3,571 for the Edinburgh. Gazette,
£1,301 for the Dublin Gazette. •
The official Annuario of Public ru
Instction, number
published at Turin for the current year, states the number
of universities in Italy at 19. The total number of lyceums
3,846 pupils ;
throughout the kingdom of Italy is 87, with
the number of grammar schools or gymnasia is 230, with
who escaped some
from a
14,251 pupils. The number of pupils in the elementary
schools is 801,202, viz., 459,272 boys and 311,929 girls.
A convict, coined
Lhll3)sat:eat'in Ellecteded in making
railway
a yeg
carriageo fro m tbwotow!enndsaarumineusrbyauldeupin4
Orleans, but
was soon after re-captured and lodged ; ,
in prison at
locked
et-Loire),
his escape. Though
Chinon (Indre.et-
up in the strongest cell
of the new prison, lie managed to remove one of the
bars across the window, and to get
through
thus made. He next forced the door of the inner wall with
the window bar, and then broke a hole through the outer
wall and got clear off. All this was done in less than an
hour, for he was safe in his cell
at two in the morning and
was not to be found at three. As an additional security
'it
against escape, the convict's cl
taken from him over lalgh•- hes and shoes had been
him in his flight but a so that he had nothing to cover
shirt
and
trace of him has yet been found.the prison blanket. No

Decidedly the most successful fete this society has given
since its removal to the gardens at South Kensington was
the grand summer show of fruit and flowers held yesterday.
The weather was " bright and glorious summer" in every
sense of the term. There was a clear sky and a bright sun,
with the heat tempered by a cooling western
.breeze. The
entries were unpreeedenteCay numerous; the specimens
presented at the altars of Pomona and ,Flora were of unusual
excellence, and the company was highly distinggished. In
the floral part of the exhihition the roves, which as ttsrio at
this season form the great attraction, were for
the most part of wondrous perfection, and in
almost endless variety. Ferns and foreign plants of
the variegated-leaved species were also numerous,
the caladias, bigonias, and other kindred species being
largely in the ascendant, and ell first class. In the fruit
department the grapes were conspicuous, both for size
and form, and the peaches, nectarines, strawberries, and
cherries were marvels of gardening skill. Amongst the
company present we observed tee Queen of Prussia at-
tended by the Countess Schulenbourg, the Countess
Schwerin, Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, and Count
Boos ; their Royal Highnesses the Princess Helena and
the Princess Louisa, attended by Lady Caroline Barring-
ton and the Honourable Mr. West ; the L uchess of St.
Albans, Duchess of Sutherland, his Excellency the Russian
Ambassador, Baroness de Rothschild, Lord H. Lennox,
Duchess of Montrose, Lord and Lady Powlert, Marquis o;
Bristol, Lady Granville, Earl of Orkney, Lady Farnham,
Lord and Lady Claude Hamilton, Lady Lismore, the Earl
and Countess Manvers, Sir Charles Knig,htley, Sir William
Clay, Bart., Lord Clitden, the Dowager Countess Ashbrook,
Lady Doughty, Earl Howe, Lord Dynevor, Lady Foley,
Lady Briciport, the Countess Albemarle, Lord Otho Fits-
gerald, Lady Keating, Lord Robert Clinton, Lord Charles
Fitzroy, Lord Harris, Lady Byles, Sir Watkm and Lady
Wynn, Lady Baily, and Lady Lucie. The bands of the
Grenadier and Fusilier Guards were in attendance, and per-
' formed various popular pieces during the morning. Adis
play of white china, Celadon and Majolica, flora Minton 's
china and glass depot, South Audrey-street, attracted con •
' siderable and deserved attention.

SUN OFFICE, HALF-PAST 4 O'CLOCK.

THE POLISH INSURRECTION.

CRACOW, Sulat 2.
The insurgent leader Suzin defeated the Russians
in the government of Angustowo on the 24th rat
SPzin, however, was killed.
Two engagements took place in the government
of Pluck on the 22d and 27th nit. Numbers of
wounded Russians have been conveyed to Prage.
Three hundred landed propri,;tors have been ar-
rested in the government of 111ohilew, and their
lands confiscated.
The reports of numerous engagements having
taken place in Lithuania have been confirmed by
Russian accounts. The Russians sustained con-
siderable losses in an engagement near Leuratyn.
BRODY, JULY 2.

The body of insurgents commanded by Wysocki
has been defeated by the Russians. About 300
Poles, with arms and ammunition, and 70 wounded
have been brought here.
The Russians have reoccupied Radziwiiow.

liCPZRIAL PARLIAMENT

HOUSE OF COMMONS—Last Evening.
The SPEAKER took the chair at quarter past 12.
LONDON, CHATHAM, AND DOVER RAILWAY
(No. 1) BILL.
Sir MORTON PETO moved " that the order for the
second reading on Monday next be read and discharged,
and that the bill be read a second time to-morrow." He
complained that the hon. member for Stafford (Alderman
Sydney) yesterday, acting for the City of London, took a
step with respect to this bill without communicating with
the agents, utterly opposed to the ordinary practise of the
house, and which he was quite justified in stigmatising as
more tike the practises of sharp barristers at the Old
Bailey than worthy of a member of that house, to which. he
apprehended, an apology was due. The course he had
adopted in no way affected the viaduct over Ludgate-hill.
Mr. Alderman SIDNEY said he took the step he did as
en independent member. Re desired to prevent the dis-
figuration of the town. If, however, the parties
b ill woul per-
mit tue city authorities to appear against the in coin.
, mittee, he would support the rescinding
of his motion of
yesterday.
Mr. MASSEY intimated that on Monday e would
propose the standing orders be suspended, so that the bill
could be proceeded with in the ordinary way, and without
classification.
After some discussion the motion wasiwithdrawn on this
understanding.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES BILL.
Mr. EWART, in moving the second reading of this
bill, entered at some length into its purpose. The object
sought to be attained by the bill was the intros
into this country of the decimal and metrical system of
weights and measures, which had long worked vary sue-
cessiully in France and several of the continental countries.
The system would facilitate trade, and be tound moat use-
Jul in keeping the national accounts and in the collection of
the revenue. The plan, if adopted, would have to be ac-
companied by a decimal system of coinage.
Mr. BAINES seconded the motion.
Mr. HENLEY opposed the bill, because its inconveni-
ences would far outweigh its conveniences.
Mr. LOCKE dwelt upon the anomalies in the present
system ot weights and measures, especially upon the absurd
difference between troy and avoirdupois weight, and the
wine bottles of the continent, especially of Germany. He
should vote for the second reading, because it would be a
step in the right direction, but should be glad to see the
subject referred to a select committee so that it might be
thoroughly investigated.
Mr. P. URQUHART supported the bill. The various
weights and measures throughout the country were very
confusing, and to bring them all into uniformity was im-
peratively demanded. ale introduction of the new system
into the Government establishments would save £500,000
a year, which would enable the Government to reduce the
income tax a halfpenny in the pound.
Mr. ADDERLEY supported the bill. The time had
arrived when a new and common sense system ought to be
adopted, which would lead to an enormous augmentation of
the wealth of the country .
Mr. BAINES strongly supported the bill, and quoted
the opinions of the various Chambers of Commerce inte-
rested in the home and foreign trade in its favour. He
held that it would not be difficult to introduce the system
into our schools.
Sir M. FAttQUHAR considered that this bill would
work well, if endowed with a permissive character, so that
the people might become gradually used to it. He appre-
hended that there was no hope ot the bill being passed in
the present session ; he trusted, however, his hon. friend
av,aeld re introduce it next year, and he was satisfied that so
excellent a measure would meet with very liberal sup.
port.
Mr. HUBBARD denied that the manifold benefits indi-
cated had sprung out of the decimal system, and neither
would its adoption in the future. He was in favour of
leaving things as they were.
Mr. COBDEN was in layour of the decimal system. All
enlightened turn, except perhaps Lord Overetone, ware in
tavour ot the change. '1 he witnesses examined before the
committee last y ear, of which he was a member, were over-
whelming in its layout —some of them, Professor de M.organ
among the number, testifying that its adoption would twee
halt' the time of boys at school, as far as arithmetic was
concerned. When engaged in Paris during a period of
six months on the international treaty his time
was greatly occupied in changing the description cC
prices from one language to the other, and he confessed.
that he felt humiliated at the dislocated, incoherent, and
inconsistent nature of the English syst.m as contrasted with
the logical, symmetrical, and consistent plan adopted in
France. They were all agreed that the system ot weights and
measures ought to be altered, and as it was full of absurd
anomalies and illogical disagreements, no time should be
lost in introducing an amended system like the one
proposed. A new system must however, include
a decimal system of coinage. There were difficulties in the•
transition of course, but the Huard of Trade could easily'
overcome that difficulty. A facile list of equivalents would
easily be understood. He appealed to his right hon. friend
the President of the Board of Trade (Mr. M. Gibson) to re-
solutely take the matter in hand.
Mr. FERRAND held that if the measure eras to be com-
pulsory, it ought to be compensatory also. Small shop
keepers and others ought to be reimbursed the value of their
weights.
Mr. M. GIBSON had not a word to fitly against the me-
eoaftnehaderresd the public
trical system, but he feared that:
caomeomroitptueelsoNrvyhimeheassautroen,
with a combination of new names for old ones, would not
at once be very acceptable. Th
the subject reported to
twheersetailnledgaarld.
was not prepared for eo sweeping ad change as the one
suggested. The alevpoirldwu
yard were the only
and penalties could be recovered by a common iniormer.
Peatrpesou;
this effect.
and
He could not consent to a compulsory measure, and advised
the hon, member to withdraw it and introduce a permissive
al
tten years to pioneer the system,
bill. It took Portug
and now they were &bolt to make it compulsory, but if we
were expeotsd to act differently in this Country, all he could
say was that he feared it would be requisite to call out the
force it
volunteers to en_
BAzLEY supported the bill. He said the decimal
systera wss then used in the customs and excise so as to
_iv se general quantities.
8" ROE B
eer. IRK hoped the Government would consent
to the second reading.
The CHANCELLOR of the EI.CHEQUER said the
Gor.onnment would only delude the house it they ventured
to give t any encouragement
J.O a compulsory measure.
B SMITH supported the bill, as also did Colonel
STYES.
Mr. EWART would withdraw the bill, if the Govern-
ment would facilitate it in the schools and elsewhere.
Mr, M. GIBSON could not, off hand, give any pledge of
the kind.
The SOLICITOR-GENERAL said it was a mistake to
speak of a compulsory clause—the bill was compulsory
throughout.
The house divided, when there appeared—
For the second reading llO
Against it 735
Majority
—35
The result elicited much cheering from the supporters of
the bill.
The bill was then read a second time.
SHEEP, &c., CONTAGIOUS DISEASES PRE-
VENTION BILL.
Mr. HOLLAND withdrew this bill.
The other orders of the day were then disposed of, end
the house rose a few minutes before six o'clock.
the

The Journal des Landes states that a fatal acci-
dent occurred a few days back, during a bull fight,
at the fete of Grenade, in that department. A man, named
Palocque, entered the arena to fight a bull well known for
its fierceness, t.nd was instantly so fearfully gored in the
left side by the animal that he died ten minutes afterwards.
How LADY MARY " FOUND OUT" INOCULA-
TION.—At a time when small-pox was as destruc-
tive as the plague itself, Lady Mary Wortley gontagtz
happening to be at Adrianople, was struck with the fact
that the Turks were in the habit of making terms with the
1 disease, by receiving it into their system by
way of the
skin, instead of by the lungs, as in the natural mode of in-
fection. Possibly the lively nature of the lady's trs had
more to do with the sensation this new practice Menacreated in
England than the magnitude of the truth she made
and to this day we believe that the public have some idea
that it was a discovery made by her ladyship, and which
on
she had the boldness to put in practice up her own son.
Yet no fact is more certain than that throughout Asia the
practice of inoculation had obtained for ages—aud that the
Chinese—the inevitable nation to which we have always to
go tuck for the birth of any great discover
cally employed inoculation as early as the goLth ceanrufuerTc.)
Yet strange to say, in Asia this precious knowledge
y—syetemati
a dead stand still—and had it not been for the livieliyntEocnEgnligsh.
lady, inoculation might not have been introd
land for another half century, That inocula-
would even now be in the womb of
practiceuine* of vaccination
and p.ossiblayce vaccination
us that the dis.
tion was a grand step towildhsoutghtel
scence did not at the
there can be little doubt,
fact.
the skin was infinitel
same time appreciate .
ease received into thecae
disease
" caught" by inhal •'y
less dangerous than the
which medic. inhalation
h the lungs, a circumstance
the
ulationTlt)3traught
medicine cannot
throag The deaths from smallpot during;'
in this day.
exP"`",.;it°savers eoidemics of the last century
s<nne —: the third of those attacked, but-
were not
than a
t inoculation reduced these deetta to on ' prac •
. tics 0
1 dred.—Owe a week. __e lu t\,,,,, 1..
Yv Lam-