The Sun.
London, England, 1863-09-01 00:00:00

THE CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS,

SOUTHAMPTON, SEPT. 1.
The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Poonah, with the heavy portion of the above mails,
has arrived here.

She brings 54 passengers, pearls and precious
stones value 76,000 rupees, and a general cargo, in-
cluding 2,675 bales of raw silk, value £26,000
sterling.

In the Mediterranean the Poonah experienced
fine weather, but in the Bay of Biscay strong
westerly winds and a heavy swell.
O❑ the 26th ult. she spoke the Pera with the
outward mails of the 20th.
Gibraltar, Aug. 27.—Exchange on London 90
days, 49i to 50. Pads, 528. Madrid, par.
Freights unaltered.

DENMARK AND GERMANY.

The following is the declaration made by the
Danish Envoy at the sitting of the Diet, Aug. 27, in
reply to the resolution of the Diet of July 9:—
"When, during the negotiations of 1851-52, his Majesty's
Government declared it to be their intention to unite in an
equal manner all parts of the Danish monarchy, so as to
form one collective constitutional State, this was done on
the necessary, and on both sides expressly admitted, suppo-
sition that the relation of the duchies of Holstein and Lauen-
burg to the Germanic Confederation would not be incompa-
tible with the independent position of a Danish collective
monarchy in the European system of States, and that the
participation of those duchies in a common constitutional
representation with the other parts of the State would be in
harmony with the sights and laws of the Confederation,
and this was moreover confirmed by a formal decree of the
Diet.
" His Majesty's Government do net intend to go into a
detailed expression of all the measures that were undertaken
for the purpose of carrying out the intentions of his Ma-
jesty, or of all the difficulties encountered. All these cir-
cumstances are well known to the Confederation, and have
too often already been the source of a difference of opinion.
His Majesty's Government do not wish to renew a discussion
in this respect. There cannot, however, be any difference
of opinion as to the essential change having since taken
place in the views entertained of the position and object of
the Germanic Confederation, and consequently also of its
rights over the Fecteral territories belonging to the Danish
Monarchy. His Majesty's Government believe, therefore,
that they state only a fact when they declare that the sup-
positions entertained in 1851-52 have not been realised, and
that his Majesty's Government have consequently been
gradually placed before the alternative of giving up either
the independence of the entire Danish monarchy, or the
closer union of the federal territories with the other parts of
the monarchy—an alternative which left no choice.
" What the Duchy of Lauenburg has possessed in an un-
interrupted and undisturbed manner ever since it came
under the Crown of Denmark Holstein obtained by the
Constitutional Law of 1854—viz., a constitutional guaran-
tee for its independence as to all its own affairs, in the
widest sense of the term. His Majesty's Government have
besides declared themselves ready to give this special Con-
stitution a more free development in unison with the libe-
ral principles of the Danish political system.
" On the other hand, the position which has assigned the
federal territories in the monarchy in respect to the common
affairs of the whole country would in nowise have hindered
his Majesty in the conscientious accomplishment of all the
federal obligations assumed by him, nor would the participa-
tion of the duchies in a common Constitution have im-
perilled their own individual development of their financial
interests.
" When, under these circumstances, his Majesty's
Government have conceded a political individuality and
a constitutional independence, in respect to the common
affairs of the State to a territory, which before only
possessed a provincial existence and only the right to be
treated as a pi, vince of the monarchy, his Majesty's
Government have made this sacrifice only for the sake
of satisfying, on the one side, the wishes of the
people of Holstein, whose representatives have these
many years and under every form opposed a common con,
stitutional representation embracing Holstein, and of com.
plying, on the other side, with the requisitions of the Ger-
manic Confederation, which,in order to protect the indepen-
dence and equal rights of Holstein and Lauenburg, de-
manded by the decrees of March 8, 1860, and Feb. 7, 1861,
`that no law in common affairs, especially in matters of
finance, should be enacted for the duchies which had not
been sanctioned by the estates.'
"It is this which, almost in the same words, has been
established by the proclamation of March 30.
" The principle which has been carried out in this
arrangement cannot well be disputed by the Germanic Con-
federation, for it is a principle which it has itself advanced.
The independence and equality of rights claimed for the
Federal territories could certainly not be more fully conceded
or secured than by the course now taken by his Majesty's
Government, and all doubts as to whether the union of
Holstein with the Danish monarch would interfere with
the accomplishment of the Federal obligations of his Ma-
jesty must completely disappear with the concession of a
general independence to the Federal territories. His Majesty
the King has already declared his readiness to make his
subjects in Holstein partakers of whatever free development
the future may held in reserve for Germany and the Ger-
manic Confederation. As the realization of this intention
would require such a position of Holstein as that assigned
it by the proclamation of March SO, there would also in this
respect be cause for his Majesty's Confederates, and espe-
cially in view of the recent events in Germany, to give to
this bearing of the arrangement a due consideration.
His Majesty's Government are animated by the sincere
desire of removing every cause of dispute which has already
for too long a period disturbed the peaceful relations of
closely-connected neighbouring lands. His Majesty's Go-
vernment being, for the reasons before stated, unable to re-
peal the proclamation of March 30, they have instructed
His Majesty's Envoy to furnish the Confederation with such
explanations as it may desire as to particular points. His
Majesty's Government venture to hope that such a discussion
would induce the Confederation to change its opinion. They
moreover, do not hesitate to declare that not only would any
propositions concerning the duchies of Holstein and Lauen-
burg be taken into the most serious consideration, but also
all decrees of the Confederation be executed, in the said
duchies, provided only they respected the inalienable sove-
reignty of his Majesty over his federal dominions, and did
not thwart a free exercise of the legislative power in those
other parts of the monarchy which do not belong to the
Confederation.
" When, finally, the resolution of the Diet points to the
possibility of a federal execution being near at hand his
Majesty's Government can only refer to their declaration. of
the oth ult. Whatever be the manner in which the Diet
judges of the extent of its competency under the acts of
federation, there can be no doubt that after his Majesty's
Government have recognised the political independence of
the federal duchies, and declared themselves ready, if re-
quired, to negotiate concerning the realisation of that inde-
pendence, such an eventuality could only be judged of from
an international point of view."

MARKETS—This Day.

HAY MARKETS.

SMITHFIELD. Old Meadow hay, £3 10s to £4 lfis •
new do., £3 to £4; old clover, £4 lOs to £6 Os; new do.'
£4 Os to £5 Os; and straw, £1 Bs to £1 16s per load.
Trade firm,
CUMBERLAND.—OId Meadow hay, £3 lOs to £4 10a •
new do., £3 Os to £4 ; old clover, £4103 to £6 ; new do"
£4 Os to .£5 Os; and straw, £1 8$ to £1 16s per load.
A. steady demand.

WHITECHAPEL —Old Meadow hay, £3 108 to £4 10s,
new do , Os to £4 Os; old clover, £4 lOs to £6 Os; new
do ,£4Osto ib Os; and straw, 83 to £1 ]6s per load.
'trade steady.

COLONIAL.
TEA.—There has been very little business transacted, as
operations have been deferred until the public sales, which
commence to-day.

SUGAR —A fair amount of business has been entered into
in West India, chiefly for home consumption, and prices
aro well sustained. In the refined market also there has
been more animation, and full prices are current for dried
goods.

COFFEE.—The dealings have been to a fair extent, and
good and fino qualities of colonial fully support previous
quotations.

RICE.—No operations of importance have been recorded,
and there is little alteration of importance to record in prices.
TALLOW.--The market has continued vary quiet, and
prices have 'generally shown a downward movement.
P.Y.C, on the spot is quoted 4283 d ; and last three months'
delivery, 445 per cwt.

ST. CLEMENT DANES REGATTA.—First heat :
Sidney Murray, 1 ; William King, 2; won by three
lengths. Second heat : Henry King, 1; Henry Dyer, 2;
won by four lengths. Final heat : Sidney Murray, 1;
William King, 2; this was a very finely contested race,
won by two or three lengths. The race was among appren-
tices, for a coat and badge and various prizes, the second
being zet 4s. and the freedom of the Thames, presented by
the gentlemen of the Admiralty at Somerset-house,