The Sun.
London, England, 1839-11-18 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON. MONDAY, NOVEMI3ER 18, 1 39.

IV EN IN "G EDITION.

I was not near Newport either on Sunday or Monday,
and the persons who have sworn against me have sworn
falsely, every one of them, for I am not the person they
said, for I never had a gun in my hand from the day
that I was born. I have nothing further to say."
The prisoner was then fully committed.
Jeukin Morgan, who was taken at Bristol, as men-
tioned in my letter of yesterday's date, was then brought
up on a charge of high treason ; but remanded.
The Court adjourned at six o'clock till Monday.

RIOTS AT NEWPORT.

NRWPORT, FRIDAY NIGHT.
"My report of the examinations will show that another
lq the rioters has been committed on the capital charge ;
1 but other occurrences in the Court, which I shall at
once proceed to relate, have to-day produced a much
greater sensation than the examination of that prisoner.
It will be remembered that I stated my belief, that an
understanding existed amongst the Chartists in other
parts of the kingdom, particularly in the North ; that if
the " Men of South Wales" were successful, the " Men
of the North" were immediately to rise and follow their
example ; and thus all England was to be revolutionised,
and the " Charter become the law of the land." To
say that this scheme is so mad that it could not have
been entertained by any but the inmates of St. Luke's,
is not sufficient to rebut the daily-accumulating evi-
dence, proving, beyond a doubt, that the leaders in
the Chartists' attack on Newport were not only mad
enough to anticipate success, but that they were so far
gone in madness that they never for a moment doubted
it, or thought of the consequences of defeat, until they
saw their deluded followers fall thick and fast around
them beneath the fire of a small but well disciplined
band of soldiers, there being at the very lowest com-
putation but one soldier to one hundred Chartists, and
they for the most part armed ! I repeat, that the occur-
rences in the Court to-day, and subjoined documents,
tend stroneiy to confirm this view of the Chartists' in-
surrectionary designs. There can be but little doubt
hut that the Mr. Cardo, " member and delegate of the
National Convention," was sent on a mission to endea-
vour to re-inspire and re-organise the " Men of the
bills ;" and, the letter, from which I give an extract be-
low (written by the Mayor of one of the largest towns
in the north to the Mayor of Newport) is
eraa convbu incthating
proof that the organisation is not only genl, t
it is uniform, or nearly so.
On Thursday evening a person of rather a remark-
• able appearance, as his description given below will
show, arrived at the Westgate Hotel by the Hero,
Birmingham and Worcester coach, and slept at the
Westgate Hotel, where the Magistrates hold their
sittings to examine the prisoners. In the morning he
sent for Mr. Hellen, the landlord, up into his bedcham-
ber, and stated that he had been deputed to come to
Wales to make full inquiries into this matter, and to
ascertain whether Frost was the leader and was now in
prison, as " the men of the north" did not believe it—
not believing the lying reports of the newspapers.
Cardo told the landlord that he was a Chartist, but
that he (the landlord) need not be alarmed, as he was
for " peace, law, and order." Mr. Hallen's suspicions
being excited from this conversation, he very properly
gave information to the Mayor, and the Magistrates
thought it advisable to request Mr. Cardo to attend in
the justice-room, in order that he might be questioned
as to his business and intentions in visiting South
Wales. As soon, therefore, as the Magistrates had
taken their seats, Cardo was brought in, in custody,
when the following dialogue took place :
Carolo—l wish to know by what authority, or upon
what pretence I am detained a prisoner.
1 The CHAIRMAN—Stop, Sir ; you must answer a few
questions from the Court first. What is your name ?
Cardo--William Cardo. I live at No. 11, Church
row, Pancras-road, Somers-town, and am a shoemaker
by trade.
The CHAIRMAN—Are you a member of the Na-
tional Convention, or of any political Association ?
Cardo—l was a member of the General Convention of
• the Industrious Classes, but of the National Convention
I know nothing.
1 The CHAIRMAN— When did you arrive here ? Cardo
1 —I arrived here last night by the coach from Worces-
iter, and, as I said before, I came to ascertain facts rela-
-1 tive to the proceedings which have recently taken place,
! and which I believe to be the result of Russian agency.
The CHAIRMAN—Upon what do you found that be-
lief ? Cardo—Upon facts which I do not think it
I right, under present circumstances, to mention.
I The CHAIRMAN—Do you refuse to state these facts?
Cardo—l do ; at least thus publicly.
The CHAIRMAN—Do you wish to make a communi-
cation to the Magistrates privately ? Cardo —I have
no such wish.
The CHAIRMAN—Then, Sir, state what ynu do
wish ? Cardo—lt is not my plan to do so. I want to
know why I am detained here while prosecuting a na-
tional inquiry ?
The CHAIRMAN—The national inquiry is now taking
place by us, and any information you can afford will be
received.
I Cardo—l meant by a national inquiry not only that
1 which has taken place in Newport, but likewise to as-
i certain the effects of Russian agency in the several dis-
i triets of England.
The CHAIRMAN—You came here, you said, to ascer-
tain whether Mr. Frost was in custody or not, for it
would not be believed in London. We will have no
more of this ; you must leave the town directly. Let
1 the policeman see that this man speaks to no one.
Cardo—l am much obliged to you for your courtesy
The prisoner then marched out in a swaggeringman
i tier ;but he
' Mayor received the following- letter, which caused the
Magistrates to despatch a constable to bring back the
prisoner.

LETTER to D. O'CONNELL, EsQ, M.P.
BY SIR ARTHUR BROOKE FAULKNER.

" Police-office, Birmingham. Nov: 13, 1839

" Sir—l beg to inform you that one of the ahartist
delegates, and member of the General Convention, left
this town on his way to Newport and Monmouth. An-
nexed I send you his description, for your guidance, as
well a 3 a portion of his address to a meeting, held hen:
last night. " I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
" FRANCES 'BURGESS,
Commissioner of Police.

•' To J. Phillips, Esq.,
" Mayor of Newport.
" Description :—Name, Cardo. He stands abou
sit folt one inch high, dark hair, small whiskers, rather
broad across the shoulders, small across the lower part
of the back. Dress : black surtout coat, black hand-
kerchief and hat.
" Portion of his address at the meeting :—"The secret
is to be found out yet, and that must be left till after I
return from Newport. When I arrive there, I shat
consider it my duty to go to the hills, when I shall see
the-men of Wales; and then I shall get the whole tran-
saction and the truth about the late riots at Newport,
and I shall endeavour ,o get an interview with Mr.
Frost before I return.'"
Cardo admitted that he was the person described in
the letter, and he was therefore remanded for further
examination. On his being searched, a memorandum
was found in his pocket-book of some of the places he
was to visit, such as " Black Rock," " Blackwood,"
" Ponty-pool," and a also a large sheet of paper divided
and sub-divided in the following manner, and which was
to assist him in reorganizing the districts :

9th Division,

10th Division.

Ist District. I 2cl District. I 34-1 District. I 4th District.

Ist Sub-dis- 12d Sub-dis- 3d Sub-dis- 14th Sub-dis-
trict. Viet. trict. trict.

Ist Section. I tal Section. 3d Section. 4th Section.

Mayor, Thomas Hawkins, Esq., —Fothergill, Esq., 1
William Brecon, Esq., Maule, Esq., solicitor to
the Treasury, Mr. Phelps, and Mr. Thomas Jones
Phillips, Crown solicitors.
George Turner alias Cole was placed at the bar,
charged with high treason and sedition.
Thomas Hopkins sworn and examined—l am the
son of the superintendent of police of this borough. I
live with my father on Stow-hill. On the morning of
Monday, the 4th of November, I was standing at the
corner of Mr. Clement's shop, nearly opposite the
Westgate. I saw the mob coming down the hill. I I
my father, who was on duty at the Westgate,
down the
Chartists were coming. When they turnedfSix,—To be justified in trespassing upon the attend
the West-
thattthe
hill they turned round to the yard gates o lion of one whose services are so precious as yours are
to every man in the kingdom who wishes his country
tonoticedone
free and happy, needs the excuse of no moderate mo-
theygate came marching
t o the he i ngoartdeesr
tnhineye or ten abreast. When W hen
person in particular when they got
tiye, and such an excuse, I trust, you will not refuse
He had on a fustian shooting jacket andtrousers, and
me on the present occasion. I shall, therefore, come
a black hat. I noticed his whiskers were dark.
to the matter with as little preface as possible.
I took him for a carpenter by his dress. I heard In an address prefixed to the Report of the Roman
him speak, but I do not know what he said ; but
Catholic meeting of July last you take occasion to say
there was a violent movement on the part of the mob that your object is to excite among Protestants a
immediately. After he spoke they immediately forced spirit of inquiry and investigation into the tenets of
a violent entrance into the Westgate. All then I saw your religion ; and, as one of those Protestants whom
d I h
When they entered the passage ear
were armed.you are anxious to proselytize, and who has not the
a firing from the mob outside, and some from the inside. slightest objection to the operation, if you can only
I believe the first gun I heard fired was in the passage. succeed in convincing his reason, I beg to submit the
I saw the person I have described, and who appeared result of a very thoughtful consideration of the subject,
to be a carpenter, walking from the mob ; he was walk- trusting you will see that it bears the impress of all
ing lame. I saw him walk over to the corner opposite the coolness and caution which you so earnestly, and so
Westgate. I heard him tell a man that he was very properly, enjoin as indispensable to so solemn a
wounded. He had a single-barrelled gun in his band. task.
I looked at him, and saw that he had a hole in his I had intended to notice your address on its first ap.
trousers, as if a ball had gone through it into his thigh. pearance, but waited for precursor opinions much more
I afterwards discovered that man to be Lovell, who competent than any I can presume to offer ; then suc-
has been committed for high treason. Immediately ceeded distractions rendering it impossible to give any
after the firing commenced, I noticed another persou, attention to the subject, and it is more than probable
who attracted my attention from his being lame, and but for Dr. Croly's sermon on the Gunpowder Plot, I
having a wooden leg. I saw him come out of the had never thought of it again.
crowd. When I first saw him I was opposite the I have looked in vain among the remarks offered by
Westgate. I saw him go towards Mr. Lloyd's door, at Journalists upon your address, for that sort of reply
the corner of Skinner-street, epposite the Westgate. He which I think it requires ; and what most of all disap-
had either a gun or a stick in his hand, I do not know A
pointeo me, none of your commentators seem to have
which. I afterwards saw the same person walk down noticed, or suspected your being a Protestant ; yet that
Commercial-street, towards the Salutation ;he then had the fact is even so, it strikes me I shall have little diffi-
the same instrument in his hand as when I saw him at culty in proving. It shows the omnipotence of truth in
Mr. Lloyd's shop. I should know him again if I were a peculiar light, when men, in their endeavours to over-
to see him. The prisoner at the bar is that person. I throw the opinions of others, succeed only in invalidating
have no doubt whatever of his being the same person. their own. Such arguers remind one of the Irishman,
By the Rev. Mr. Coles—l am aware this is a very of whom the old story goes, that in sawing off the
serious charge ; but lam certain it is the same man. branch of a tree, but, strangely unmindful of his position
By the prisoner—l can swear it was you. You had on the wrong side of the hand-saw, he came down,
light-coloured clothes on. without the smallest suspicion of such an issue, along
Daniel Evans—l reside in Newport, opposite the with the branch he had severed. There is this differ
Westgate. I stood at my own door when the mob rence, to be sure, between you and the Irishman, that
came round the corner. I saw several hundreds march he succeeded in his purpose at least ; you have had your
down Stow. hill. They were armed. When they came tumble for nothing.
to the yard-gates of the Westgate, they wheeled back You will doubtless deem this any thing but a modest
by the orders of the man who commanded them. I proceeding of mine ; for so puny an arm to enter the
believe that man was John Rees, commonly called lists with such an antagonist ! No one, be assured,
" Jack the Fifer." He had a drawn sword in can be more sensible than lam of the immeasureable
his hand. The mob appeared to obey this man. odds you have over me ; knowing, indeed, on what
The mob came to the door and fired. I did not then unequal terms almost any man, one man alone excepted,
see a man with a wooden leg in the mob, but shortly encounters your powers of reasoning and persuasion, the
afterwards, during the firing, I did see him. He was only dependence I have is on the simple unvarnished
armed with a gun. I should know him again. I truth of the matter I produce, and on this I would rely
believe the prisoner to be that man. He had a kind of against a legion of Goliahs.
fustian or flannel jacket or coat on. He was charging " What I wish," you say, "is calm, cool, deliberate
deliberately. I saw him firing. He fired into the West- investigation into the nature of the tenets in which the
gate window. He fired into the upper window first, and Catholic believes, and into the arguments and autho-
then into the lower one. I mean by the upper window rity upon which those tenets are required by us as of
the room abode where the soldiers were stationed. The faith," and you moreover enjoin " caution " as "of
soldierslhad shown themselves when I first saw him fire. the most vital importance." Now, if these sentences
I saw him load his gun again after he had fired the first be not couched in the very spirit of Protestantism, lam
time. I then saw him fire again into the windows where yet to learn what the term means. Contrary to a vital
the soldiers were. The charge took the side wall, and tenet of your Church, you are deliberately pressing—are
the marks where the bullet struck it are there now. He you not ?—that very exercise of private judgment on
then ran down the pavement of Commercial-street, with the Scriptures which has reared the adamantine wall
the gun in his hand while he was running. There were that separates us. For, I assume that in speaking of
two or three lying dead before I saw him running. That an appeal to authority, you cannot possibly intend to
man was of about the same height and appearance as the disparage or overlook that first of all authorities—that
prisoner at the bar. I believe the prisoner is the same authority to which the Fathers of the primitive Church
man ; but I should be more positive if I saw him in the and the Apostles, constantly and exclusively appealed
same dress (the prisoner was now dressed in a dark suit to prove their doctrines, nay, to which our blessed Sa-
of clothes). I saw but one man with a wooden leg in the viour himself referred as constantly for the proofs of his
crowd. (After looking at the prisoner)—from his features divine mission. And was it not for vindicating their right
I have no doubt of his being the man. He had a round to regulate their faith by such authority that Protestants
crowned black hat, commonly called a " Jim Crow were denounced by your Church ? and what is more
hat." especially to our present purpose, was it not after such
Samuel Williams sworn—l live at Pillgwently, in an investigation of authority as you propose that they
the borough of Newport. On the morning of Monday arrived at the conclusion from which no farther investi-
the 4th of November, I was in the front of the West- gation ever tempted them to swerve—namely, that most,
gate. I staid there until I heard a noise and hurraing, if not all, the tenets which you hold at variance with
and then I went up into the Westgate Hotel stables, Protestantism, are either absolutely absurd, or untenable
which look on Stow-hill. I broke two panes of glass in by any, even the slightest semblance of sane reasoning?
the window, for the purpose of seeing the mob come That the sentiments of your Church are diametri-
down the hill. They were armed. I staid there till tally opposed to any inquiry into the authority of the
500 or 600 went by, and they reached to the front of Scriptures by the people at large, is known to the very
the Westgate. I saw a man with a wooden leg in the barber who shaves you. Nay, I had no idea that
mob, after about sixty had passed, I saw that man, Catholics carried their aversion to the use of reason so
and " Jack the Fifer" was by his side. The man with far as they do, until about four years since, when an
the wooden leg was armed with a gun. " Jack the accident threw me in the way of the Vicar-
Fifer" had a pistol and a pike. They both staid back General of Dublin. While I was submitting to his
till mc,st of the mob came to the front of the hotel. I Reverence on that occasion some remarks on the
came round to the front, and heard a man in the mob pastoral duty of educating the people to fit them for
say " Fire 1" When I heard the firing I got over the proving the authority of the Scriptures and the ortho-
wall into the garden, and got out by where Dr. Reilly dozy of their tenets, I was stopped short, and told that
lives, and came out into Commercial-street. That man the moment a man sets about such inquiries he has al-
had a gun in his hand. That was after the firing, and ready incurred the penalty of unbelief.
when the mob were retreating—some one way and some With what colour of pretence, then, can you call
the other. The wooden-legged man had on a round yourse:f a Cathol;c while you propound a course of in-
jacket and a " Jim Crow" hat. I cannot describe his quiry so opposite to your Church ? How can you pos-
jacket, es I was so frightened that I did not take parti- sibly hope to escape being turned over to the goats whilst
cular notice. I think it was a dark jacket. When I you stand forth a Protestant in all but the name, at
saw the prisoner come into the room last night, I didn't least in all that is most essential. I pass on to other
know he was a prisoner ; but I then knew him, and matters.
told a special constable that was the man. Ido be- Even admitting your tenets could be proved by " au-
lieve this is the man, but I won't swear that he is. thority and argument" the most ineontestible, there,
When I saw him in nommercial-street, he was making is still a little affair, I think, to be settled before you
his way back to Risca and the hills. can claim superior respect for your Church as an
Moses Scard sworn and examined.—l am a police instrument of diffusing a rational faith ; I say
officer. I remember the mob coming down armed to rational, for with your sentiments I cannot suppose
attack the Westgate on Monday, the 4th of November. you object to a man's faith being rational. Of
I saw a man with a wooden leg in the mob. I what use is it that your tenets were as true as truth
noticed him particularly. He was nearly in the front itself, while your flock are only passive recipients ?
of the mob. He was armed with a gun. He was march- What possible difference can it make whether what a
ing with the rest, and appeared to be very active. He man is told to believe be false, or does not know that it
went towards the yard gate. He had on, I believe, a is true ? and yet your Church exacts faith in her tenets
flannel jacket, and a round black hat. I should know from the most crassid ignorance with as unsparing a
him again. The prisoner is the man. I would swear denunciation against unbelief, as if every such believer
to him amongst a thousand, I took so much notice of were qualified to examine the grounds of belief
him at the time. At that time I was not more than for himself. If the investigation which you propose
twelve yards from him. I was in front of the door be necessary to make you and me believers, it must be
when the mob came round. I watched him for about no less so in every instance, and yet you treat the great
a minute, and made observations to people in the crowd multitude of mankind as if they had nothing to do with
about him. The passage was full. creeds but to swallow them, as our Tories think they
William Johns, sworn and examined—l live at Mr. have nothicg to do with taxes but to pay them. I beg
William Brewer's surgeon. I saw the attack on the you will consider the col de sac your Church has got
Westgate on the morning of Monday, the 4th of No- into by exacting creeds of the multitude, while men of
vember. I observed a one-legged man in the mob. He education are urged, as you press me now, to settle their
had a gun in one hand and a stick in the other. There faith by acautious investigation of authority and argument.
was a man with a sword, but he was not near the But you will perhaps tell us that your Church has
wooden-legged man. The man with the sword told us found your tenets so absolutely true and undeniable
boys at the end of the Westgate to go go away. The that no man, ignorant or educated, refuses them but at
mob afterwards came in front of the Westgate. The his peril. Still I want to know by what talisman an
mob began to fire. I did not see the man with the unlettered clown is to know, because his pastor is
Extract from a letter received by the Mayor of woolen-leg do anything with his gun. But I afterwards knowing. The clown can surely have no property in
Newport from the Chief Magistrate of one of the saw him ram down his gun as if he was loading. I an opinion more than you or I can, which is not born
largest towns in the northern part of England : was only a yard from him. I think he had a fustian of his own understanding. Is it in fact less absurd
" From what lam able to ascertain, it appears very coat on, and a " Jim Crow" hat. lam not quite cer- to hold that he can be saved from perdition by
evident that there is a secret correspondence and organs- tain it was fustian. I should know him again. I he- his pastor's skill in orthodoxy than from drowning by
cation in all parts of the country. We have here, as have the prisoner to be the man. He was about the his skill in swimming, or fed by his science and excel-
the party at Newport, secret signs and watchwords, same height and appearance, but he has not now got lent skill in eating and drinking. You have to show,
captains, &c., and some arms. From the accounts 1 on the same dress. I have not seen him since until to- in short, how his soul can be nourished any more than
read in the papers, I find a very striking connection be- day. I know him by his features and his looks. his body by proxy. Yet you hold up your Church as
tween the system adopted with you, and the one now in Henry Bear sworn and examined—l live near the the only one fitted to make people orthodox, or give
progress here." Salutation Inn, in Commercial-street, Newport. I saw them any sure hope of salvation. Do, pray consider
The other occurrence which created great interest in a great many people go down the street out of the town this balderdash a little seriously, and let us have your
the court was the appearance of Samuel Shell, the on the day of the riot. They were mostly armed. I honest Protestant opinion about it.
father of George Shell, a young man of nineteen years saw amongst them a man with a wooden leg. He had You tell us to our beards that " Protestan-
of age, who was killed on the morning of the riots. He a gun in one hand and, I believe, a stick in the other. tism cannot be true, unless God left miserable
was a cabinet-maker, of Pont-y-pool, and was a young He had on a dirty coloured flannel or fustian, I cannot man to guess, to alter, and to remodel articles
man of good character and moral habits. He seems tell which, and a round crowned hat, I think it is what of belief, without any authority to decide controversies,
to have had some presentiment of his end ; for, in ad- the boys call a " Jim Crow" hat. He came down to reject guesses and imaginary interpretations ;" and
dition to the following letter, written on the very night commercial-street towards the Cardiff-road, from the in another place you say it is "a species of law that has
of the commencement of the riots, he had in the course direction of Westgate Hotel. That road leads to Risca no living justiciary to expound its meaning or define its
of the week made several trifling presents to his most and the hills. I think I should know him again if I limits." Be so good as to bear with me while I endeae
intimate friends. The father appears to have suffered saw him in the same dress. He was a man of about your to meet these grave charges.
greatly ;he says that a more dutiful child never lived ; forty years of age, dirty looking, and about five feet If you mean by Protestantism that form of religion,
that it is only within the last twelve months that his son high. The prisoner is like him, but I should not like to the vital and characteristic principle of which, as the fact
has resided in Pont.y.pool from under his care ; and he swear to him positively ; but I have no doubt he is the is, resides in the free unfettered use of private judgment
, assist have imbibed his Chartist principles very recently, man. He is not in the same dress now. in the interpretation of the Scriptures, then I affirm,
from the delusive representations of some of the By the Rev. Mr. Coles—He appeared about five feet with a boldness equal to your own, that so far from de-
leaders, high. He was walking stooping with his gun in his serving your censure, it must clearly be the only true
-Samuel Shell was sworn, N
and deposed to the letter's hands. I was about two or three yards from him. It religion, the only true law of interpretation, as embracing
being in the handwriting of his son, and that he had;re- was opposite the New Church. I took more particular the only principle by which a man can possibly know what
ceived it at Bristol, through the post-office, though it notice of him than of any other person. I saw him he can conscientously profess as his belief. It is the
was evident that it had been opened before it reached rimming away, from his having a wooden leg. He was only true religion, precisely for the reasons which you
his bands tit had two wafers, and bore the Monmouth in my sight for a minute or a minute and a half ;he assign for denouncing it as false, namely, be-
post mark, and did not reach him in B 'awl till the made a stand, and stooped down as if to pick up some- cause " God has left man (in many cases) to
Thursday atter it • Bristol
was written. The wretched man thing. He was then not more than three or four yards conjecture, to alter, and to remodel," as I shall
also deposed to his having. written a few lines, as follows, from me, and from again looking at him now, indeed, I presently show by a memorable and most damnatory
te, his sop very recently,
have no doubt but he is the man. example culled from your own Church. Why he has
Copy of a letter from the father of Shell to his son.
Herbert Williams sworn and examined—l am a been pleased to leave so much to conjecture, so much
" Oh! George, my son, it ~.
ever you listened to the
voice of your father, listen to me now. Don't let your
as mine have been." chemist and druggist, ru gist residing in Commercial-street. I the limits of which cannot be defined—why so muck
hinelslietO his father and moth er : was standing, ong the' morning of the riots, about fifty where we feel it necessary to guess and remodel, is quite
youthful days be spents
Copy of a letter from yards from the Westgate, on the opposite side of the another question, of which it were presumptuous to at.
4t p ont-y-pool, Sunday Night, Nov. 3 way. After the attack on the Westgate, and the mob tempt the solution. But as many portions of the Scrip.
engaged in
I shall this nig t be
" Dear Parents—l hope this will find you well, as I had dispersed about five minutes, I saw a man with a tore are confessed on all hands to be mysterious, flue-
am myself at present. wooden leg ;he had a gun in his hand. I did not see tuition of opinion becomes a necessity. To suppose
fas.a—sPliaarerrll him. do. anything with his gun at that time. I saw him men doomed, as your Church holds, for not being able
a struggle for freedom ; and, should
on butit' please God to
spare my life, I shall see you. so ; i not, grieve not again in
fabout tenhminutes ; I was then standing at the irrevocably to settle their opinions on mysterious Scrip-
for me—l shall have fallen in a noble cause. My tools corner omy own ouse.
_He came down Commercial- tures, were blasphemy against heaven ;it were to apply
are at Mr. Cecil's, and likewise naT,
GcloEtohße , Street from the front of the. Westgate ; hHe
He
tande
na
hguadn tdoevaougrraeedioaulsl Pwrhoovidaetnteeme
pthteedfatbole
eoxfptiahien Shp.ihsycenxo,jgwmhaos
" Yours, truly, . in his hand then. He was going quietly.
without success, and to suppose that he deli his in the
still continue
Accounts from the iron districts favour. destruction of his creatures—the Bible, in place of the
able, except in the neighbourhood of Pont-y-pool, and dirty. I noticedthe more than his dress. I did
a light fustian coloured dress on, which was a little
notyn.oti hi hat. Imeans of salvation, being only a snare to entrap into
the Varteg and British Iron Company's works, where
only douebet Ishad f bissawb 'nnithe same man arose from
eism in your professing
the meshes of its fatal web. There is a palpable sole-
some considerable uneasiness still prevails., according to
being the same man.
his Navin a different dress el
g I have now looked at
manhi
mysteries, but intelligible truths about which
the repost of a gentleman whom I have just seen from t!____ damn
the .
i."4llclosely, and have no doubt
in
yt os t i
fied, expound
they mysteries.would
h e
no
f
that neighbourhood. could be no plea for any diversity of opinion.
isoner,having been duly cautioned, was asked '
ttlßorhueneetgrhieed,res, we are expressly told by the unerring word of
Extract of a letter from Mr. Homfray, a large iron The
Pr_
what he had to say in his defence, and made the follow-
that we see here as through a. glass darkly, and
master, of Bedweltry-house, near Merthyr :
" All is quiet here, and not a word mentioned about
ing statement • I am quite innocent of this crime ; I
Merthyr being was in bed on the Sunday gby eight o'clock. otherwise. lam going to Pennydarran absurd to expect all men should see alike
evening
to-morrow to dinner, and if there is anything worth, I I rose about where none can see clearly.
seven on the Monday morning. I have
I will let you know per post." witnesses, if I could send to Blackwood to fetch them But you urge unity of faith on the plea that " truth
it were
THE EXAMINATION.—FainaIr. I down, who would clear me. The constables who took is one, and cannot be divided," and that "nothing can
Magistrates and professional gentlemen present : :me beard several say that they would swear that I was be of more importance than the true faith." Who will
The Rev. J. Coles, Octavius Morgan, Egg., the lat home that morning between seven and eight o'clock. doubt such truisms? of what use are they, since they
1
•

can only apply to truths which are intelligibly revealed ?
You deprecate hypocrisy as one of the attributes of
our religion, but to stickle for unity of faith on de-
bateable matter is clearly to make the very hypo-1
crates you denounce. Very justly you tell us
"if a man be not sincere in the belief of
that faith which he outwardly professes, his condition
must be dangerous." But bow can he possibly be sin-
cere if tied down to one opinion on questions that
necessarily admit of a variety ? The plain fact is that it
is not the profession of a truth that renders a man's
condition secure any more than the profession of what
is not true makes it dangerous. His condition in pro-
fessing anything true or false can clearly only be dan-
gerous when his profession is at variance with his
belief. On the Protestant principle of private judg-
ment a man's condition can never be dangerous but by
his own fault, as that principle never requires him to
profess what his judgment does not perfectly sanction.
Nay, on such questions it is not only absurd and irra-
tional to require a man to coincide with creeds dictated by
others, but no less so that he should agree unchangeably
with himself, his conclusions being uncontrollably
liable to alter with the variations of the data and the
modes of reasoning he employs ; and therefore I repeat,
that to avoid hypocrisy he must do the very thing you
condemn—he must alter and remodel. Galileo, whose
case is hinted at above, had been no less a hypocrite
for professing that the earth went round the sun, when
his opinion might have been that the sun went round
the earth, than if, through a pious scruple to remodel
his opinion, he had persisted, like the Pope, doggedly,
though orthodoxly, in the latter notion after facts showed
him his error.
But to smooth all these difficulties, you present your
Church as an "authority to decide," " a living justiciary,"
ever at hand to clear up and to remove obscurities.
The Church, you will allow, was rather unfortunate
in the affair of poor Galileo ! at least that infallible
living justiciary the Pope was out for once in his
life, insisting as he did, and for a series of years
too, on the sun going round this " sin-worn" globe
of ours with all the laudable pertinacity of
an article of faith ; and on the plea of Unity he certainly
had as good a right to compel assent to this error as to
any other tenet of Catholic belief. We are to hope, how-
ever, that he saw some reason at last to alter and remodel
his creed, and if he did, what becomes of your grand
objection to Protestantism, that it alters and remodels,
when it can quote the practice of the Pope? To be sure
it was a case where his Holiness's infallibility could be
demonstrated to have made a slip (aliquando bonus dor-
mitat Homeras) as clearly as two and two make four,
but had the point been of a less demonstrable nature,
would his bigotry in insisting upon an unhesitating assent
to his opinion have been one whit less? We know what
the fate of the unhappy philosopher was for refusing to
be bound to the rule of Unity.
Again, let me ask when your Church acts the justi-
ciary in some abstruse cases, are her decisions much
less perplexing than the Scriptures they were intended
to clear up ? If not, what do we gain, seeing the explana-
tion needs a justiciary quite as much as the thing to be
explained. Transubstantiation, e. g., is repugnant to
all human experience, and to all the ordinary laws of
reasoning ; and can we suppose, without sinning against
the mercy of God, that he should require us to abuse
his best gift of reason in believing—and on pain of
damnation, too—any dogma of man's, which is repug-
nant to his reason ? I am surely rather justified to doubt
your living justiciary on a perplexed and controverted
passage, than the evidence of my senses, and the con-
clusions of my understanding. You may tell me that
a wafer is God, just as the Pope told Galileo that the
sun went round the earth, on the credit of your infal-
libility ; but if I am not convinced of your infallibility
by a better reason than that which leads me to be-
lieve the wafer only a wafer still, I shall not only
be justified in doubting the fact, but be a rank hypo-
crite to profess any beiief in it at all. Indeed, such
belief is plainly impossible, though we sought it
with no matter what earnestness, unless you can show
that we have the power to believe what we like, which
every man knows to be as impossible as " to change the
hue of his skin or the height of his stature."
If your Church be so infallible a justiciary as you
represent it, how will you account for the swarm of what
you call heresies which infested it from the very begin.
ning. History acquaints us that men, not only ordinary
men, but Popes themselves, often took the liberty of
differing upon articles of faith. Widely, and most stoutly
too, did they dispute, anathematizing one another without
mercy, (one Pope was actually dug up to have con-
dign punishment dealt on his dissentient head by flinging
it into the Tiber), nor were the councils of Popes less
bitterly and obstinately at variance. But I have heard
that our Church, altering and remodelling her creed,
has come of late to disclaim infallibility, a fact which,
if true, rather impairs than improves her credit, for if
guilty of misleading at any one time, how can she ever
be trusted again ? The Vicar-General of Dublin may
perhaps expound this mystery.
Upon the whole,then, have I:not some right to retort
that in place of our religion not being true, it is yours
that incurs the full weight of this censure, as standing
on the assumption of an authority which I. have shown
historically to be without foundation, whose decisions,
even if Late, are useless, as being incomprehensible, and
if even understood by learned justiciaries, leave the
unlettered multitude, will we hope have souls to be
saved as well as the Pope, just where they were—com-
pletely in the dark.
I hope you will do me the justice to believe that I
am speaking without one spice of unfriendly or bigotted
feeling. What I say of-your Church in prescribing
cut-and-dry articles of faith I say of my own—the
Church of England and her creeds as by law esta-
blished. It is clearly guilty no less of an intolerant
spirit than yours if it did nothing worse than wield
the thunders of St. Athanasius. It is immea-
surably more culpable than yours, inasmuch as,
professing to leave us freely to our private
judgment, it unblushingly abandons the principle
by which it exists, and the very climax of criminality
has been reached by her using thy mendacious pro-
fession of this principle, as the means for supplanting
your establishment, and pillaging its revenues, thus
making merchandise of a hollow profession, and adding
to robbery the crime of the hypocrite and the traitor.
If you can pardon what may appear a piece of imper-
tinence, but which never can deserve to be so called
while I hold the high respect I do for your character
and illustrious services to our common country, I would
beg to ask is there not some slight smack of the intole-
rant old Church in your so sturdily claiming for it a
superiority over all others ? I am the more puzzled to
understand this, as, in seculars I believe there exists not
a sturdier foe to every species of monopoly than your-
self. Do you believe, when we shallall, of every sect
and denomination, stand waiting for our turn at the
bar of final judgment, we should then be in a temper to
indulge this exclusive spirit, and to impugn the tenets
of our fellow-sinners? Rather should we not be more
likely to distrust being right ourselves, tremulously sus-
picious of our own condition, apt, indeed, to believe
all others more right than ourselves than prone to de-
nounce. And that charitable misgiving which you then
would feel, ought it not to govern our dispositions to-
wards each other now P We are told by the common
authority to which we all bow, that charity is the whole
end of religion. We have the same unerring authority
for believing that the time approaches when there will
be but one fold and one shepherd, and then will all
sectarian differences merge in the one simple de-
nomination of Christians, all united in one com-
mon bond of charity and fellowship. The conscien-
tious worshipper, whatever be his speculative er-
rors, is still a conscientious worshipper, and, we
are to hope, an object of God's mercy. These at least
are my notions of tolerance ; yes, and I can practice
them too ; I can and have. joined in worship with my
fellow Christians in churches of all denominations,
with the same feelings of fellowship and devotion as
ever I knelt at the altar of my own.
As I have professed myself ready and willing to be-
come your convert, provided my objections are
removed ; it will not be asking too much of zeal
like yours, zeal so fearfully anxious for the salvation
of poor heretics, if I look for some reply to
deliver me from my difficulties, more particularly
as they are the difficulties of every denomination of re-
ligionists to which you affix the brand of Protestantism.
Convinced as I am of the absolute liberality of your
nature, I am quite at a loss to know why you have entered
the field of religious agitation. Had you come to the
tournament with any new weapon besides assertion, there
might be some excuse for your taking a tilt at our Mother
Church, for she certainly is fair game enough. But it is
surely a little supererogatory your appealing at this time
of day to any fresh investigation of your tenets by Pro-
testants, which has already made its report more than
300 years since.
So much for the religious view of this subject—the
political I leave untouched, merely observing that the
present seems hardly the best chosen time for such ex-
periments, while High Church rancour is straining its
last nerve to influence the prejudices of the bigot-mob
of her retainers, and your address can only furnish a
text for the fresh agitations of the O'Sullivans and
Magees._
But your patience must be exhausted ;
I know mine
is, and yet many things are left o
unsaid. Lee only
hope you will take the freedom in god part, wt m
ith which
I have responded to your call. Right or wrong you
have my honest sentiments, and I would not compro-
mise them to her Majesty, much as I like her. Should
you think me intrusive, recollect you invited the in
quill'. I have the honour to remain, with great respect
Your sincere servant,
ARTHUR BROOKE FAULKNER,

The carpet trade at Kidderminster is now, it is
reported, very brisk.— Worcester Journal.
HOW TO ENFORCE SILENCE.—The officers
of the Scotch Criminal Courts create disturbance by
calling " Silence" to the auditory. In Cork they ma-
nage the matter better ; they write."
Silence" in large
-
letters on a piece of pasteboard, stick it into the cleft
end of a long white rod, and wave it in the face of any
oseavopicroediuseeheciauridesreinscine!
the admonition is en
forced above a whisper. If
oneth whose
s do
es n
by
a rap on the nead with the rod.—Phrenolo-
gical Magazine.