The Sun.
London, England, 1839-09-25 00:00:00

PROGRESS OF THE COTTON TRADE IN THE UNITED

STATES OF NORTH AMERICA.

We have not the returns of imports of Indigo from
the East Indies before us, but the enormous increase I
which took place in the import of that article into Gre.;:t I
Britain has been looked to as the most extraordinary
increase of any one article on record in the annals of oui
commerce ; but we would call the attention of the public
to the increase of growth and of exports of cotton in the
United States as something still more remarkable, and,
in some of the results, calculated to make the reflecting
Englishman consider how the millions depending on the
cotton trade in England are to be provided for, if, by
our Corn-laws, we force that country to continue tin
tariff against England, and thereby foster the cotton
manufacture to become not only sufficient for the supply
of all the States of the Union, but also to become the
manufacturers for South America, now our best cus-
tomers. It requires the serious consideration of tho
statesman who wishes to preserve the commerce 0:
Great Britain, to remove as speedily as he can all plea
from the United States to continue their heavy duties
against English manufactures. The tariff, which begat;
in 1822, will expire in 1844, and we have it in our power
to abolish all those Customs' duties in these State::,
which have injured our trade, and forced into existence
a very profitable trade in New England in cotton ar.d
other articles. We have the Southern States of Nortl
America with us, demandine, a free import of Britist,
manufactures ; and if we abolish our Corn-laws, we may
besatisfied that the general Congress, having no longer any
plea or pretence for continuing the tariff, would be unable
to renew the present heavy tax on British manufactures,
The benefits would be mutual to all the Southern anti
Western States of the Union, and to the people
this country, and therefore most desirable. The cot-
ton trade had no existence in the United States until
the tariff was established, and we know from o.oe
statement of our Ambassador at Washington at that time,
that it was the continuance of our Corn-laws whieb
induced them to lay on the heavy duties on our cot-
tons and• woollens, which have forced into existence
the flourishing manufactures of New England, and dt-
prived England of the means of employing many thou-
sands of workmen, and.the manufacturers of millions of
profit.
The people of Great Britain are ignorant of the deep
root which the manufactures have taken in the United
States since the tariff was imposed, and we will state as
an example, Lowell, only one manufacturing village,
where in this year, in July last, there were upwards of
nine millions of dollars invested in 28 mills in acti%e
operation, exclusive of print works, 163,404 spindles,
and 5,094 looms, requiring 890 bales of cotton weekly,
or 46,280 bales in the year, manufacturing 1,061,230
yards of various descriptions, of which 255,000 yards
are printed, giving employment to 2,077 males, and
6,470 females.
When we consider that those extensive and flouri.A-
ing works were all commenced in 1822, after the passing
of the tariff, we may easily guess the extent of the
manufacture in the Union.
We think the state of the Cotton produce, consump-
tion, and export will in figures tell better than we eZ.I3
by words the great increase, yearly augmenting :
In 1798, the export of Cotton from the United States
was 1,900,0001b5. ; in 1819 it was 87,997,0451b5. In
1830 it was 298,459,1021b5. and in value was 30 millions
of dollars. The amount exported in the year ending with
Sept., 1838, was 639,000,0001b5., being 98,000,000115.
for home consumption ; the year's crop may be stated
at 720,000,000 lbs. So that, from 1798 to 1838, a
period of forty years, the increase has been from less
than 2,000,000 to 720,000,000 of pounds of produc- ;
evd the machinery and manufactures have increased ill
the same extraordinary degree, since 1822. We think,
when large portions of our workmen are out of
work, and famine, from the mismanagement of our
currency .and from the weather, threatens the worst re-
sults, that it behoves the Ministers to look out in time,
and by the repeal of the Corn-laws, and all other laws
which interfere with the commerce of the country, and
foster and encourage the manufactures of other countries,
to provide employment for the millions, who will other-
wise suffer all the horrors of want and misery. Nt'e
ask the capitalists and men of property, whether they
can see all this go on quietly, and not join the Govern-
ment in their attempts, as we hope, to remove all these
impediments?
We say again, that the soundest policy, and the dic-
tates of humanity, call on every Englishman to demand
the repeal of the Corn-laws, if it were only to promote
our commercial intercourse with the United Stat_`s.
We may here notice, that a new species of cotton has
been discovered in Alabama. The Southern Ari-
culturist says that it grows much taller than the corm; 00
plant, and bears a number of short lateral branches nn Y
four or five inches in length, and bearing twin pods or ciw-
ters of 312 or seven pods on each branch. The cotton is
finer than any other kind of short staple, commands four or
five cents more, and the product is very much more abot,d-
ant. The plant, with leaves like other cotton, resembles
the okra in other respects, and in rich land will react a
height of eight or nine feet. The seed is not yet in general
use, and the small quantity to be had sells at very
prices. It ripens earlier than the other cotton, and stands
a bettAr chance, therefore, of escaping the worm, which is
veryl Istructive to late crops in the south-west.

GOLD AND SILVER COINAGE IN THE UNITED STATES

OF NORTH AMERICA.

Whilst we hear so much of currency in England and
in the United States, it may be matter of curiosity to
our readers in England to know what has been doin:.: in
coinage in the United States, and what supplies of the
precious metals they have had from the mines in ti:eir
own States. We are enabled to afford that information
by the following extract from the Merchant s
for July, published at New York :
UNITED STATES MINT—COINAGE FOR 1835.—The Di•
rector of the Mint, Dr. Patterson, has made his annual
report of the operations of the Mint and its branches for the
year 1838, from which we extract the following particul,trg,
viz.:-1. Whole amount of Mold coinage is 1,809,595 dol-
lars. Of the above quantity 7,200 pieces were in eag ies
286,588 pieces were in half eagioti; and 47,030 pieces :ere
iu quarter eagles. Total native builion deposited, 4;.;5 100
dollars.

2. The whole amount of silver coined is 2,333,2.13 &l-
iars, of which the whole was coined at Philadelphia, ,x-
-eept 40,243 dollars in dimes, at New Orleans, the ollier
branch mints being not yet authorised to coin silver, tir,!
Bi;1 which passed the Senate to authorise them to coin
silver change not haying passed the House of Representa-
tive, and being now in the Senate.
From this it will he seen that the total coinage of the
Mint and branches, in gold and silver, is 4,142,838 dollars.
Besides this, the copper coinage amounted to 63,702 dol-
lars ; making a totality of 4,206,540 dollars.

Statement of the annual amounts of deposits of gold, for
coinage, at the Mint of the United States, Philadelphia,
from the mines of the United States
4,9 Dollars.
Virginia
82
North Carolina ................. 2,4648,050000
South Carolina .............. .... 340,500
Georgia 1,799,900

Total 5,298,200
Of the 6,298,200 dollars, the sum of 13,900 dollars was
from Tennessee since 1831, and the sum of 13,400 dollars
from other sources since 1831.

Statement exhibiting the value of bullion and specie im-
ported and exported from the Ist of July, 1834, to the 30th
of Sept., 1838:—Gold imported, Bullion, 3,483,019 dol-
lars ; Specie, 23,101,355 dollars. Gold exported, Bul-
lion, 127,350 dollars; Specie, 3,530,894 dollars.