The Sun.
London, England, 1863-07-01 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 1, 1863.

An adjournment of the debate upon Mr. ROE-
BUCK'S motion was a matter of course. That ad-
journment, it will be seen, has been set apart for
Thursday. Yesterday's discussion, however, of the
important problem now submitted to the House of
Commons for solution (thanks to the impetuosity,
or the indiscretion, or whatever else may be the
motive power actuating the hon. and learned mem-
ber for Sheffield)—last evening's discussion, we
say, was sufficiently protracted not merely to admit
of Mr. ROEBUCK himself relieving his mind of the
whole argument prepared by him upon either side
of the Channel in favour of the recognition of the
Southern States of America, but to allow of that
argument being followed up by the more or less re-
markable speeches, delivered, among others, by
the hon., right bore, and noble representatives
respectively of Birmingham, of Oxford University,
of Stamford, and of Huntingdonshire. Mr. ROE
MUCK—all things conskered—perhaps never before
addressed the House of Commons at such enormous
disadvantage to himself. Every one who listened
to him last evening must have bad almost pain-
fully in remembrance the thought that Tear'em
had been over very recently, at his own free will
and pleasure, to Fontainbleau, there to be very de-
licately and adroitly muzzled by the astute ruler of
the French nation. 'fast very potentate, at " the
bright particular star" of whose good fortune, this
same Tear'em has hitherto been baying as the mad
dog bays the moon. Hearkening to Mr. ROE-
BUCK', speech last evening, the effect of
his words at times was almost ridiculous.
" I know certain things about the state of mind of
the Great French Ruler which I am authorised (by
his MAJESTY) to lay before this House." Toe
House being--the British House of Commons !
The speaker of these courtly words about, and at
the instance of, the Great French Ruler being
—sat all men in the three kingdoms--Mr. ROEBUCK !
Again Mr. COBDEN might have asked, as he once
asked on the title page of a famous pamphlet,
‘; What next —and next." Perhaps Next we
shall be having a panegyric pronounced by Mr.
KIN GLARE upon the valour of NAPOLEON III.! (Jr by
Mr. WHALLEY upon the system of education carried
out at the College of Maynooth. Or of open voting
in contradistinction to the ballot by Mr. BERKELEY!
At any rate here was the member for Sheffield, the
synical, stiffaseked, cantankerous member for
Sheffield, talking by the hour, in words the most
honeyed, in phrases the most courteous, with
epithets the most courtier-like and complimentary,
about that same identical man of men, the Emperor
of FRANCE, against whom he has heretofore alone
employed language of the utmost possible scurri-
lity. No wonder the opportunity, presented
to him by the recognition of this astound-
ing transformation, was altogether irresisti-
ble when contemplated by the member for
Birmingham ! N Acme of the foul terms flung forth,
in the most reckless of his vituperations of the Em-
peror NAPOLEON M., by the hon. and learned mem•
ber for Sheffield, but what Mr. BRIGLIT found them
clinging tenaciously to his own remembrance—
thereupon following up the immediate instinct of bib
constitutional pugnacity by hurling them back upon
—the Reviler turned Panegyrist! "I have no faith
in the Emperor of the FRENCH !"—"Nothing but
enmity and bad faith can be looked for from the
French ENTERoIt ! "_" His perjured lips touching
that hallowed cheek!"—every scurrilous phrase of
Mr. ROEBUCK'S was faithfully echoed back to him
last night by Mr. BRIGHT. Ail those brutal vitu •
perations indulged in by the member for Sheffield,
whenever he had occasion to make any reference
directly to the potentate whom he now mentions,
forsooth, only with such overwhelmingly profour4cl
respect, all those rhetorical bludgeonings, as we may
mill them, ware yesterday showeaed dowu upon the
bludo.Poner hirceelf vicariously, by the uncompro-
mising and pitiless member for Birmingham.
Amidst the loud laughter of the House of Commons
Mr, ROEBUCK not only had, as patiently as might
be, to hear himself denounced by Mr. BRIGHT as a
" co-conspirator" with the Emperor NAPOLEON 111.,
but, worse than that, as a touch of poignant ridicule,
to hear himself and his associate, Mr. LINDSAY,
spoken of by the member for Birmingham still
more sneeringly as the envoy Extraordinary from
7cataiabloau,zal,thcciwcy3"tcost extraordinary
Viewing the whi.-la athe •
taliy •
irapurtant questioz

in dispute as to the recognition or nonrecognition
of the Southern States of America—apart from this
puraly personal matter affecting the dignity and
independence of a popular member of the. English
Parliament—it is impossible not to recognise
already, through the haze of the first night's discus-
sion of that oue paramount question in dispute, that
the Muse of Commons has the opportunity now
clearly before it of guiding to the one only wise
and humane course of a temporising, a hesitating,
and, an all but bewildered Cabinat.

The Budgets of the current year have been espe-
cially fortunate for India. Sir CHARLES TRETE•
LYAN'S able statement met;as it deserved to do, un-
qualified approval in Calcutta, and has given every
encouragement to the well-wishers of India. Our
English financier has, however, been equally for-
tunate or praiseworthy in affording a stimulus to
the energies alike of capitalists, settlers, and natives.
The cultivation of tea promises to open a new field
in which success is not even doubtful. Attention
has recently been especially turned in this direction,
and by a fortunate coincidence at the very time
when 1,500 miles at the foot of the Himalayas are
being covered with the tea plant, the joyful news
arrives that the English Chancellor of the Exche-
quer has greatly reduced the ti ity on tea. This
has of course redoubled the energies of the specula-
tors, and the prospect of profiting by the increased
home consumption has raised their hopes and ex-
peltations to the highest pitch. Tea has, of course,
been long cultivated in India, and the Assam tea
plant in that country is well known among
us. It is the spirit and extent of the present culti-
vation that renders it remarkable, and wee n we
learn that the resources of neglected and misgo-
verned India are expected to excel Japan and com-
pete with China, so long the undisputed sovereign
of the tea trade, we may reasonably hope that
better days have dawned for our Eastern Empire.
The usual export of tea from India has been about
two million pounds and a half, while Japan has
doubled the amount. The resources of Japan are
not yet half developed, notwithstanding the indus-
try and sagacity ot the people, and possibly the
rapid advance of her competitor in the tea market
may arouse her energies to make further progress.
But even then there are n 3 fears for India, where
European capital and intelligence take the lead, and
where such a vast expanse of land lies waiting for
cultivation. The home trade and the protection of
England give also immense advantages to the
Indian cultivators, which the peculiarities of the
Japanese will prevent them from sharing. So little
doubt is entertained of the rapid development of
the trade that there seems to be an absolute tea
mania ; and certainly there is some excuse for the
most prosaic mortal being carried away by excite.
meat when he sees comparatively new and unre-
markable companies declaring dividends of four,
six, and even ten per cent. The great point on
which the success or failure of the company chiefly
depends is the possession of an able, experienced,
and thoroughly trustworthy manager, who is on
the scene of action. It is to be hoped that as soon
as this want is more widely known there will be no
lack of intelligent and capable Europeans to supply
such offices. The tea districts and many other parts
of India open a field to a class of men for whom
there is not too much room at home, men who are no
longer young enough for a subordinate position, but
who, from various causes, are compelled to seek a
new employment in middle life. The management
cf the tea districts would, of course, require some
experience in that special line; but there are other
branches of trade and commerce now opening in the
country in which ready employment might be found
for capable, honest, and intelligent Englishmen.
Tne lessons taught by the indigo and silk trades
which languished under native control,hut flourished
with sudden energy under the management ot Euro-
peans, are not forgotten, though, thanks to the re-
strictive wi-dom of our legislators, they have not
hitherto been profited by to their full extent. Ten
years sufficed to render the drooping Indian indigo
a dangerous rival for the African market. Ten
years from this time, if Providence spares us wars.
n d disasters, will probably see India transformed.
The one condition is that she should have enlight-
ened and liberal government, and not be ruled in
that perverse and prejudiced fashion which refuses
to learn from the positive facts before its eyes. Atter
all the experience of the past the Madras Presi-
dency still clings to the old restrictions. One would
think the effects produced by the nine months of
Lord CANNING's regulations would have convinced
the most prejudiced of the mischievous course they
were pursuing. During those few months aonsands
of acres of land were purchased, which are now
being cleared for tea cultivation. But if those rules
had not been in force the land would still be lying
waste, and we should hear no more of the promising
trade. Assam, in which the plant is indigenous, is
for the most part uncultivated, though larger than
the little kingdom that rules the vast domains of
India. We may fancy what the trade will be when
' tea drinking is as popular throughout Asia as it is
in Europe, and it is a beverage peculiarly suited to
the temperate Hindoo. It has hitherto been an
,;most unattainable luxury for the lower classes,
but the day is fast approaching when they may
drink their own native produce at trifling cost The
admixture of Europeans, who, -NO may hope, will
remeni be r the moral responsibility attaching to them,
must have a beneficial effect on the nations,while the
pecific employment is already, we learn,
regular and
transforming rude and bloodthirsty tribes into
orderly and quiet labourers. A better future is
dawning for India, and we trust that our statesmen
and legislators will feel it their duty to encourage
it by every means in their power. The redaction
of the tea duties has been a most welcome boon, and
the sooner the sugar duties follow their example
the better for India, as well as for England. Public
works are greatly needed, but the regligt ace
of
years is not atoned for in a day,
and the large sums
set aside for roads, canals, &c., by our able Indian
financier, ought to produce great results by next
year.

Lord SHAFTESBURY is not a man to let a
subject
drop. It once he has ascertained its importance to
the welfare of auy class of the community, he is
sure to use unremitting efforts towards accomplish-
ing the desired end. Last night, in the House of
Lords, he rose to move an address to her MAJESTY,
" praying that an inquiry into the physical and
moral condition of the dressmakers and milliners
be made by the Royal Commission now sitting, and
the state of children and young persons in trades
and manufactures not regulated by law." His lord.
ship added that he had no doubt that the commission
would find means to arrange some system that would
lead to a discontinuance of the abominations of
which they had lately heard so much. Earl
GRA:tiTILLE said that the Government had already
referred the subject to this Commission, and that,
therefore, there was no necessity for the address.
It is to be trusted that no efforts will bo spared to
make this inquiry as full and fair as possible, and
t hat if the reports communicated are unsatisfactory,
as they are sure to be, some alterations will be
speedily devised to check the deleteri us influences
of the unhappy piers rnory being employed, wbicb
all sides arc so caatlEmned as a,..ke militating
against the health and often tha rarzais of this