The Sun.
London, England, 1863-12-21 00:00:00

TURKEY,

Constantinople letters and journals to the 10th
have arrived, but their contents are not very im.
portant. The Levant Herald publishes the follow..
ing in its money article :
"The project of a Credit Foncier which Messrs.
Oppenheim and Cremieux have been bringing so
earnestly of late under the attention of the Govern-
ment, appears to have floated over all the prelimi •
nary difficulties which beset its path, and to have
now fairly obtained that sanction of the authorities
which is requisite to launch it before the public.
The distinguished French advocate and ex .member
of the Provisional Government of stormy '4B, has
taken his departure from Constantinople, with the in-
tention
countrymen
of returning, if rumour speaks cor-
rectly, in some months. M. Cremieux seems to have
participated in the change which has passed over
ento so great an extent during the
last few
a years,d lucrative and to havefield o f
industrial abandoned thsep thanklessemla t
and often thorny paths of politics for the more
material n
affectindgaquestions relating OD.
Rumour also says
her the benefit of hitabianfi
substantial reasons fort he
kingcarriesl away with him
a specialuent influential
cuaordkinveot
nye
scsayinoadan
tdo giving
gporocd.
pwaorred ,a hnanvdien g
ofw
receivedla s
g to
the tenure of property, an
gentehrealpcoormtem.,,issiort
to act as occasional law adviser to

Foreign Mail Packet List.

MAILS DUE.

A.ustralia and Mauritius, via Southampton....... Dec In
via Marseilles ......... T •
" an. 12.
razil and Cape Verds, by British packet. ....... Jan. 4.
Cape of Good Hope, ASCellSioll, and St. Helena.. Dee. 29.
China, Penang., and Singapore, via Southampton. Dee. 19.
via Marseilles ...Dec. 27.

Falkland Islands ........
Gibraltar, via Southampton Dec. 19.
via Southampton Dec. 19.
India (Calcutta), and Ceylon,
via Marseilles Dec. 27,
India (Bombay), via Southampton .. Dec. 27.
via Marseilles ........ Dcc. 21.
Portugal.... .................... Jan 4,
Malta; Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Dec 19.
-- via Marseilles .. Dec. 21.
Newfoundland ...............................Dec. 23.
Oporto and Vigo .............................
U. S. and British N. America, ty Br it. packet.... Dec. 23,
by U.S. packet....
by Canadian packet. Dec. 18.
W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Tencritie .......... Jan. 10.
Bahamas, via New York .... Jan. 14,
Mexico
All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, 1 Dec. 29.
California, and British Columbia..

MEDICAL EDUCATION.

The question of medical education was discussed at a
Conversazone of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edin-
burgh on Thursday. It was opened by a paper of Professor
Syme, who had carried a motion at the last meeting of the
1 hiu es
.% ev r hatitt theyen
Medical Council, to the effect that the council would, at
their next meeting, consider the propriety of recommending
a reduction of the number of obligatory courses of lectures'.
It was only necessary, he said, to compare any department
of the curriculum as it was 30 or 40 years ago with what it
was now to perceive the enormously increased burden im-
posed upon the memory of a candidate for a medical degree
When he was a student less knowledge was required of
chemistry, botany, practical anatomy, and the other funda-
mental studies. The practical studies had also become
more extensive. While the student had formerly found
difficulty with three, his colleague, the Professor of the
Practice of Medicine, had this year placed in the hands of
his pupils a printed list of 800 fevers. It was now impos-
sible for any one mind to comprehend all the subjects
brought under the notice of the students, and no tiwe being
left for observation or reflection, their professional education
had become an effort of memory rather than a process of
mental training. There were only two sources from which
relfef could be obtained, the regulations of licensing bodies,
and the conduct of courses by teachers. The branches
which surpassed all others in importance were practical
anatomy and hoipital instruction, but at presents,ywstiaethnth3oed
multiplicity of classes and the frequency of examinations,
there was neither time nor freedom of mind allowed for
thkenowprleedsegnet.
practical study. After 30 years' experience as an exa-
miner he felt sati.fied that examinations afforded no
no
ouchtwesoirttahtiyon criintert3ioanyiogof
examinations should be entirely abandoned i
that the
acquisition professed poutryroesael ; 2(1, be e
abandoned,— because
knowledge;
interferedin e
becauseffiei e ntth with
ytshtthtiierar of class examinations throuagB
questions and answers would afford far better
professional attainments than the pre evidence of
pro sent plan. As
remedy, he would first make it imperative
exa-
mination for preliminary qualificatie eto pass the exa-
n before beginning the
strictly professional course; second, he would prohioit the a
c
commencement of the course before
would require four years' practicalertain age ; third, ho
sessing a large hospital and study in a school pos-
ample means of anatomical
o
study ; fourth, ho would c
that seemed to be really n compel attendance on all classes
ecessary ; fifth, he would demand
from every candidate for
proficiency from his a diploma or degree a certificate of
the teacher to teachersproduce; and, lastly, he would require
should thence appear a syllabus of his course, and
oi
jeist
with undigested or
ri that he loaded his pupil rnef un-
rulyr
hobby to carry nlidimigestible allowedfdetailst,heorneid
of "'-‘
practical
utility into regions of unprofitableaw
y ro
speculation, or, still
worse, "tight doctrines not conducive to sound practice, ho
would endeavour to correct the evil by remonstrance, by
censure, or, if necessary, by deposition. Professor Chrisrofession
son believed believtd there was a distrust throughout the p
generally of the present system' lie thought too many ex-
aruinations were opposed w calm study and reflection, and
were, alter all, a feeble test of a man's ability as a practi•
tioner. In the practical departments ho did not think a can-
didate could be too well examined, but it was a great hard-
ship to subject students throughout the practical course to
examinations which rendered it necessary for them to keep
up the mere details of theirfand
Dr. Ad
fundamental studies. Professor
Lyon Playfair, Professor
Balfour, Andrew Wood, Dr,
Sanders,
Professor Bennett, Dr. Burt, President of the
f physicians, and Mr. Benjamin Bell, President
College o
of the College of Surgeons, ook parthe present uns atit in the discussion,stac and
various remedies were prop
for -
de of conducting the examination of candidates fee
try mode
medical degrees, The proceedings terminated with a vote
of thanks to Professor Syme. _
n

g OR
critDiclSißnAEtLiate
,__--
NIEL says an am"
ordinaryc
l,h(pirarn:pc:r
eet
urs
ssioo, nut
oauft,
""It.
TENuriou: compound of NAPOLEON,
fidelity to nature,
feature in his character supposed to be
n for example, is always a good physical like-
, ~
and__
prominent
raa ne l idealized
eu
under
dM e Er
RsgivenT.ei lom
circumstances. representation
to
h the popular ‘
et .. r. 1 enuier s—what Lord
nhEt Spectator,
erii4sr eepec i a
liati;liessisniviaeolwsr:iLthae :I '-pi
wouldtetclany,eillif"bo -
cisoy to the popular impression of the astute, cool, confi-
dent, jaunty " Pant," and it his appearance
corresponded
ex4cily with his character. To place this dual personage
under every variety of eircutustance, and yet to preserve
both likenesses—the real and the ideal—must be no easY
task, and yet, whether Mr. 'rennivq's Palmerston is play"
ing at " Beggar my neighbour" with Napoleon, bringing
up a bottle of " fine 01(1 ..woke" for a royal speech, whilst"
ling for a breezy on board a becalmed yacht, or tastingmll:,.!
water from the Punch fountain, he is still the saininesvery
taphysicians tell us we are FUR the same, th"
no,in.
particle of our bodies may change over and overaax
Napoleon, another frequent actor in Mr. Te"n'neer. Ho has
is of course not so easy to handle in thist.
th the appearedpast tican t3oteoa :s manyier
URAPE-VINES may be protected
hold
by placing a pound of sea.salt illbcar.
each vine, in November or Decelll
of M, Druelle of Niuct.
a n y violently
sueh
consistencyn trs lTatan-
near the foot of
This is the discovery
from ° fleihgt
ahhrteascodtdeuriru'i 7.n: