The Sun.
London, England, 1839-12-13 00:00:00

AIORNING EDITION.

I the loss consequent upon that damage, by having been
I run foul of by a steamer belonging to the Company on
the evening of the 13th of January last. The collision,
I it would be proved, had taken place without any rea•
sonable excuse for negligence, cod could only be ac-
' counicd for by a goad look out not having been kept.
The plaintiff's vessel, the Mary S:uart, tv,ls employed in
the coal trade, and at the time in question was on a
voyage from Newcastle to London, with a cargo of
coals. The Clarence steamer was proceeding from
London to Leith. The position of the vessels just
before the collision was off the Spurn Lights, at the
mouth of the Humber, about twelve miles from the
lights. The wind was blowing in a westerly direction
from the shore ; and the brig, which was going from
the north to the south, had a favourable wind on the
starboard quarter. The steamer was observed at a
distance of about two miles, and was seen by her light.
The master of the brig immediately gave directions to
steer her so that the light might be kept free and clear,and
as the steamer approached,the brigveered off a little to the
lift, and by this manoeuvre would become, of course.
more visible to the steamer, it being a starligbt night,
The brig, having turned out of her course, it was the
duty of those on board the steamer to take the neces-
sary steps to avoid a collision, but instead of doing so,
she continued to come towards the brig. The Captain
of the brig called out to them to put their helm on the
other side, but no attention was paid, and the steamer
came down, and struck the brig on the starboard bow
with such violence as to leave a considerable indenta-
tion, and knocking the figure head of the steamer in
pieces. Two of the sailors immediately jumped on
board the steamer, and were shortly afterwards brought
on board the brig again, accompanied by another person,
who refused to give the name of the steamer. The
Captain then collared the stranger, in order to detain
him, but he contrived to make his escape and regain
the steamer, but not without leaving some part of his
coat behind him. The steamer then left the brig in
utter ignorance of the extent of the damage which she
had sustained, her name being unknown. The painting
of the steamer, however, was observed, and she was
afterwards recognised, having on board the individual to
whom allusion had been made as having been on board
the brig, who turned out to be the second mate. Re-
paration was asked for the damage, but a threat was
held out of a cross-action, and a criminal prosecution for
piracy on the high seas, in having seized a man's gar-
ment, in which there were a considerable number of
sovereigns, and causing him to leave it behind him.
This threat, however, did not deter the plaintiff from
proceeding, and lie now brought his action to recover
the amount of damage sustained.
William Caithness, the Master of the brig, was then
called by Mr. CRESWELL, and, in answer to the first
question, replied, " Yes, my Lord."—(A laugh.)
Mr. CRESWELL—NO, that's my Lord (pointing to
the Judge).
Mr. Baron ALDERSON—He only is prophetic.—
(Loud laughter.)
The witness then detailed the circumstances of the
case, as stated by the Learned Counsel, and was corro-
borated by the Mate of the brig and some of the seamen.
Mr. THESIGER (with whom was Mr. CLEASBY) then
addressed the Jury on the part of the defendants. if it
were not for the almost proverbial difficulties which de-
fendants had to encounter in a running-down case—
difficulties which were not diminished when they hap-
pened to be the owners of steam-vessels—he should have
little doubt of obtaining a verdict for the defendants in
this case ; and although his Learned Friend had ad-

verted to the threat of a counter-action, and supposed
that to be a contrivance to reduce the plaintiff to forego
his claim, it was not a quite unprecedented thing for
parties who had suffered by accidents each to bring an
action, and each to succeed in obtaining the verdict of a
jury, and the reason was plain ; a plaintiff had the ad-
vantage of impressing the jury with his view of the case,
and supporting it by evidence ; and it being natural for
tie human mind to come to a conclusion, and not to like
to have that conclusion disturbed. they reluctantly took
an opposite view of the circumstances, and therefore if
they could not disbelieve the witnesses, they endeavoured
to reconcile their statements with those made on the
other side. With respect to the facts of the case. It
was ridiculous to suppose that any threat of proceeding
for piracy had been held out ; the individual who de-
tained the mate's property merely having been threat-
ened with a criminal proceeding if he did not restore it.
The conduct of the crew of the collier was so outrage-
ous and violent, that it quite accounted for the refusal
of the mate, if he did so refuse, to give the name of the
steamer. This he was unable to contradict on account
of the absence of the mate, who was now at sea. This
had, however, no bearing on the question, whether the
accident was attributed to the negligence of the defend-
ant's vessel. A party could only be rendered liable
where his negligence alone was the cause of the accident,
and if there was any negligence on the part of the corn-
p!aining party he could not recover ; which he submitted
was th fact in the case now before the Court. There
were two points on which both sides were agreed—first,
that the vessel of the plaintiff was turned to the east-
ward by starboarding the helm ; and secondly, that the
helm of the steamer was ported, which turned her head
to the eastward ; and the principal question would be,
at what particular period and under what circumstances
these manoeuvres were performed in the different vessels.
He should prove there was a rule that where two ves-
sels met in the direction in which these met, the vessel
on the larboard tack was expected to give way. He ad-
nutted that the early part of the night was clear and star-
light, but shortly before the accident it became hazy and
overcast, so that the brig could not be perceived at
the distance of more than half a mile ; and he would
prove that at :hat time the mate was on the look-out
on the poop ; that there was a man at the helm, that
the third mate and carpenter were on the forecastle,
and that there was a boy to communicate orders to the
engineer below. The Mary Stuart was observed by the
steamer half a mile distant, about a point and a half on
the larboard bow. The course of the steamer was
N. by W. ; the wind was W.N.W. The brig was
bound to get out of the way of a vessel meeting her on
the starboard tack. The steamer had nothing to do
but to put her helm to port to clear the sailing vessel,
arid she did so ; and if she had starboarded her helm the
probability was that she would have struck the brig in
midships, and every soul on board would have perished.
The steamer did everything to avoid the collision by
by stopping and backing the engine, but under the cir-
cumstances it was quite unavoidable. It would be
proved that if the sailing vessel had kept on her course
and not gone to the eastward, the accident would not
have happened, and under these circumstances, as she
had been guilty of negligence, the owner was not en-
titled to recover.

MISSION OF LUNACY.

fuesday a commission of lunacy was opened before
Mr. Phillimore, the Chief Commissioner, at the Ca-
dogan hotel, Sloane-street, Chelsea, to inquire into the
state of mind of Henrr Robert Pearce, Esq., of Car-
digan, in Bedfordshire, but late of Blacklands House,
Chelsea.
S. C. Whitbread, Esq., was first called, and depe,sed
that he had been acquainted with Mr. Pearce for a
Atatm_
ber of years, and that in 1836 he observed th
Air.
Pearce appeared stupid, and that there was an
alteration in his conduct : one day he %could join
in the sports of the field and mix with_ society, and
the next he would shut himself up and refuse to see any-
body. The first thing witness more par titularly observed
was about January, 1837, when Mr. Pearce lighted a
fire in the front of his house in the garden. From that
period it became necessary for his own safety that
he should be watched, and when he could bo in-
duced to spend his evenings with witness he would
frequently complain of seeing on his way home two kites
flying in the air with lanterns attached to them. M, Pearce continued to get worse, and on the 26th of Mar, 1837, it was deemed advisable to remote him to Dr. sa_
the.-land's asylum at Chelsea. Witness had no ia',:erest
whatever in Mr. Pearce's property. All that. he desired
property
was to serve him as a friend. A good deal e.,t' his.
might have been saved had he been restrai.ned a fewnaonthso
years
before from squandering it away. For the last tw
and three quarters there hat' been. no change for the
better in Mr. Pearce's mintl, and his delusions had in-
creased. Among the principal delusions that belaboured
under was, that all his friends were dead, and that their
houses had fallen down. He had stated that witness
was dead, and when he accosted Mr. Pearce afterwards,
the unfortunate gentleman became horror-stricken, and
appeared to fancy that a ghost was speaking to hir j.
Before he was restrained he used to squander his me' Aey
away in the collection of useless things, and he },ad a
great passion for buying fire-irons. Witness wa a quite
sure that if Mr. Pearce had twenty guineas r aaaad at
his disposal, he would expend it in the purel.,se of ar-
ticles of no use to him before he got to the top
of Sloane-street. In the month of Apa;il Mr. Pearce
was removed fr m Dr. Sutherlaa,d's, as it was
thought changed : scene might, be attended with
beneficial results. He was placed at the house
of Mr. Blood, a surgeon, in North Audley-street,
and on one occasion 'ne contrived to affect his,
escape, and he proceeded to the Annuity Office, wad
drew 37/. out of it. He also gave directions revel...jag
the powers of witness to manage his property ; 2't/. of
the money he received he presented to Mr, Bloa,d's go-
verness, and the remainder he squandered away. He
had accused witness on several oec esi.ons of having
robbed him, Lnd there was not the slightest doubt,
that he had been incapable of managing himself
or his affairs for five minutes toge,cher since the 26th of
March, 1837. At times he would converse rationally
respecting former occurrences, and particularly, /60,3.
Lady Hester Stanhope, with whom he was acquaire,ed,
and who was shipwrecked with him.
Several ether witnesses having been
same to the.
saa effect,
Dr. Sutherland stated that be first visited nr.
Pearce at No. 2, Alpha-road, on the 28th July, 1'837,
and he found him labouring undhe:rinlio)ianrtarloydtiue
aggeen, tlezasn
unsound-
ness of mind.
n yfoeratrn
examinedof upon the principalappear, appeared to be
, and
and his arismers suet, conduct ;ully confirmed
ed to the
Writes adduced
janbu oerTiv, e
the testimony that had bee.4l given.
The Learned Commist;ioner liming,. summed up, the
Jury returned a yer!det, " That Hern-y Robert Pearce
'And, and incapable of managing himself
aisndol'huisnseoff7.drs,ll and that ho Ilas been so since the 27th
of Marc,:a 1837."
CI

The Learned Gentleman then called several witnesses
in support of his statement, after which
Sir. F POLI.OOK replied.
his LORDSHIP then summed up the evidence to the
Jury. If they were satisfied that the accident arose
from the neglect or unskilfulness of the steamer, they
would find for the plaintiff. If. on the other hand,
the injury had arisen from mutual misconduct, they
would find for the defendant.

The Jury immediately found for the plaintiff—da-
mages 1651. 10s. 6d.

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, DEC. 12.
(Guildhall Sittings, before Mr. Justice MACLE and a
Special Jury.)
LIBEL.—INORAM V. LAWSON.—" THE TIMES."
Mr. KELLY (with whom were Mr CHANNELL and
Mr. HENDERSON) stated the case for the plaintiff. It
was an action against the publisher of the Times for
a libel, which had in its effects been most injurious to
his client, Captain Ingram. In 1837, the plaintiff had
become possessed by purchase, for 17,000/, of the
ship Larkins, 700 tons burthen, which he advertised in
the Times for a voyage to Calcutta, with freight and
passengers. In the same paper containing the adver-
tisement appeared a letter to the Editor, professing to
be written by a person actuated by humane motives,
and a desire to prevent the loss of life, and represent-
ing that the ship had been bought by Jews for carrying
out convicts, and had in its last voyage from the East
Indies been compelled to put in at the Cape, to take
in 20 additional hands to pump the vessel, in conse-
quence of many and dangerous leaks by which its safety
was endangered. Now this statement was absolutely,
entirely false. And the Jury might easily imagine that
the publication of such a libel in a paper with so unpa-
ralleled a circulation as the Times, must have done the
plaintiff great damage, though it would be very diffi-
cult, indeed impossible, to give specific proof of parti-
cular instances. The letter was signed by "B. T.,"
and the responsibility of the libel had been assumed by
the defendant, who had justified the truth of the state-
as mit, thereby identifying himself with it, and being the
person in law answerable for the consequences.
Several witnesses were called, who stated that the
Larkins was a well built vessel—constructed of teak—
the most durable material—that in 1837 it was perfectly
seaworthy—though there was a small hole, which could
easily have been stopped by " a tree-nail"—and by which
a little water had been previously made—but which was
effectually remedied before the vessel had been adver-
tized for the Calcutta voyage. The amount commonly
received for the passage money out was usually 3,000/.,
and home, rather more. But the voyage, following
_:harles Lamb said of a barrister's first brief—
the libel, the amount received was only 1,400/.
Mr. PLATT (with whom was Mr. HuNtpußEyEL‘) " Thell great first cause least understood."
addressed the Jury for the defence, urging that there THE WAy TO BREAK DOWN AP.
had been some grounds for the charge of unseaworthi- has been justly said that an independent press rents on
ness, and that the editor had not connected himself with a firmer basis for support than one of a contrary chi..
the letter by any remarks, so that it was not a case racter ; and it has been supposed difficult to break downcalling for heavy damages. such a press. There is a way in which it can ' doe .one„,
The LEARNED JUDGE told the Jury that upon the however. And how does the reader think this work
evidence uncontradicted by the defendant, the question can bee accomplished? By telling all sorts
earning
No.
of
lies
"'a-
wns only one of damages. The publisher of area ~? No. By
took upon himself the responsibility of false statements getting a
NhioreelinF fir i the special purr .de of writing it
which appeared in it. And it was no justification to down Liy,t iscon .act,oa unprincipled po-
allege the absence of malice. He who did, or allowed laical post.',nasters No. But tails is the secret :to be done, that which clearly must (as in this case was Let P iarge number of its subscribers conclude that
plain) injure another seriously, could neither in law nor because the business la' good the editor is not in want of
common sense, excuse himself by pretending
rather that
he tl 1 .itt.e sums the:f severally owe;let its friends habitually
did it without a motive—indeed it was
_„6-ra- delay the fuf2,ment of their promises and contracts with
vation for such a grievous injury that
the edit ,r, and the most prosperous establish(nketzanterinicatahel
recklessly commit it by the 1- a man should
thing, without i— • ..eedleSS publication of any- world mustd come down at last.—Raleigh
Slandar
—yuiry, to up his columns. Nor

I

"

could the defendant, in fact, allege negligence even as I
I a palliation, for clown to the last moment he had, by I
I
pleading the justification, asserted the libel to be true,.
.4,
The Jury retired, and, in half an hour, retur
with a verdict for 9001. _
SIIERIFF'S COURT, DEC. 12. .5
EvERARD V. LYON.
In this ease the plaintiff, Joseph Everard, is a baker,
residing in Arnwell-place, Pentonville, and the defe4ll;
ant, Wm. Lyon, is a gentleman of fortune, residing
in Claremont-3quare. The action was brought for the .11
purpose of recovering the sum of 2/. 15s. for bread'
supplied to the defendant's wife. To this the defendant
pleaded never indebted.
_ _

Mr. Macphael, for the prosecution, said, the defend-
ant was a man in good circumstances, holding several
offices, and possessing considerable property in Brighton
and elsewhere. There had arisen differences between
himself and his wife, which had ended in a separation,
although they continued to reside in the same house in
Claremont-square.

Witnesses were called to prove that though the de-
fendant had given notice to furnish no more bread, he'
had paid bills since the notice, and had also partaken of
the bread delivered by plaintiff.
The Jury, after “n absence of two hours, being un-
able to agree on their verdict, a juror, by consent of the
parties, was withdrawn.

COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, Diec. 11.
COMMISSION or INQUIRY.—The Committee sat at
the usual hour, Mr. Justice Erskine in the chair. The
Inquiry is rapidly advancing, and a variety of returns
have been ordered to be furnished from the Courts of
Bankruptcy and Insolvent Debtors, particularly relat-
ing to the number of persons applying for certificates
and discharges, the amount of debts proved, and of as-
sets divided in each case, and the expenses attending the
same. An immense variety of suggestions have come in
from several quarters, the. more prominent of which we
have every reason to believe are as follow :-1. Assum-
ing that the two Courts are to be united, they are to
be armed with all the powers of a Court of Record, and,
of course, to be enabled to compel the attendance and
production of persons, papers, and records, upon pain
of committal for contempt. 2. Of the ten Commis-
sioners of Bankruptcy and Insolvent Debtors, to keep
Westminster,
and or four constantly in London and
and locate the others in the chief commercial districts.
3. To empower the registrars in each of the respective
Courts to hear all unopposed claims and proofs of debts,
but an appeal always to lie to a Commissioner, who is to
be constantly in attendance, and in the event of an ap-
peal from his decision, then the appellant to go before
three Commissioners ; and, if still dissatisfied to de-
posit the costs of such appeal, which is to lie either
with the Vice-Chancellor or the Lord Chancellor. as
the case may be ; always, however, provided that if
the appeal be decided in favour of the appellant,
then the costs to be returned to him. 4. It is almost
an universal recommendation that the Court of Review
should be altogether abolished, with liberty to the
Judges of the Court to accept the located Commis.
sionerships, if indeed they might not think the doing 9-,
would be infra dignitateia, and then of course to r-,tire
upon a moderate pension. 5. With a view to remove
the extraordinary anomaly in the proceediegs of r
.Athe
Bankruptcy Court, where the certificate Protects all fu-
ture acquisitions of the bankrupt i P..ind of the Insolvent
Debtors' Court, where a disch?-.ge, even after the must
serious term of imprisonmeni, never does protect such
future acquisitions of property, it is proposed that the
certificate or discharge shall, with consent of credi-
tors, bar all claims upon future acquisitions of pro-
perty, and that in cases where creditors may not seem
so be satisfied with the amount of dividends or gene-
ral assets of a bankrupt or insolvent debtor, it may
nevertheless be in the power of the Commissioner wh•,
has heard the case to grant a certificate to pre•,,eet
the party who may have so satisfied him from perscnial ar-
rest, until other arrangements be provided by t):ie Legis-
lature. The obtaining signatures to certificates is now
attended with considerable expense and delay, and it is
supposed the proposition now made will greatly tend (if
adopted) to the prevention of litigation, and the harm_
sing annoyance of bankrupts and insolvents. 6. Wi.ien
a party being called upon by one or more credite,rs for
a certain amount of debt, states his inability to pay,
then the creditor or creditors to make. such state-
ments before a Commissioner, who thereupon shall issue
his summons for the attendance of the debtor before
him, and upon compliance with such summons, he is
to have his protection until the next attendance, at
which time he shall furnish a list upon oath of his
debts and credits, stock, furniture, &c., when (upon the
cessio bonorum principle) an officer of the Court is to take
possession of them ; their value to be realised as soon
as may he profitably and practically possible, and ie
such cases the bankrupt, or inso:vent, to be entitled to
his certificate, or discharge, without any further
7. No person, whose assets do not amount to 501., to
go through the process of bankruptcy or insolvency .
and, 8. The expenses to be neither 61. or 81., as in
~b:
taming a discharge in the Insolvent Debtars'Court„ nor
nearly 1001. for working a commission in the Ce,urt of
Bankruptcy, but a I-neje: ately reasonable sum only to
be allowed in both. Up to the present time the fore-
going are the suggestions which are likely to be acted
upon, and with respect to the total wa it of efficient
jurisilletion in the Court of Bankruptcy, every day's
experience furnishes some fresh example.
=11.1.=/••••••-
31

9PIItIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS

FROM THE DAILY PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.
( From the Times.)
Ti.e charge delivered by the Chief Justice Tindal
on Tuesday last to the Grand Jury of Monmouthshire,
on opening the business of the Special Commission, will
nave called up in every humane timid emotions, not only
of deep alarm for the spirit which it proves to exist
amongst such members of her Majesty's subjects, but of
extreme sorrovr and compassion for that large portion
of the labouring population which has become the dupe
and instrument of wicked men, professing at least no
object but the frightful and insane one of subverting
( the laws by open violence, and sacrificing the lives of
al their fellow-subjects who should venture to protect
I the rignts of property against their fury, and to pre-
serve the public peace. It would be presumption in
us to utter a word of commentary upon the exposition
of the law addressed by the Chief Justice to his audi-
) tors, any further than to describe it as being at once
humane and lucid. Nor can any man with a spark of
Christian charity to guide him fail to concur with the
Learned Judge in his suggestion, so far at least that one
remedy for a state of " mind and feeling so unhealthy and
1 diseased, and infecting so large a portion of the commu-
nity," as that which has displayed itself in the perpe-
tration of the late systematic and dreadful atrocities,
would be the diffusion " amongst the rising generation
of the benefits of religious instruction, and of a sound
religious education, so that as the younger part of the
community advance to manhood, they may feel the
conviction of the wholesome truth, that they are bound
to yield obedience to the laws of their country, not from
the terror only which the law inspires, but from a much
higher and more binding motive—the fear rf the Al-
mighty—and from the thorough belief that the powers
which be are ordained of God ;" meaning thereby the
great fundamental powers of law, and order, and con-
stituted authority—the bonds of peace, and guardians
of society. If ever there was a counsel offered to man-
kind which demanded their highest reverence, it was
this inculcated by the venerable judge. If ever there
was a nation, or a period in the history of that nation
which called aloud for religious instruction to all
classes, as the best and only fountain whence can be drawn
the inestimable knowledge of their social, including their
political duties, it is the British nation, and the hour at
which the Judge's charge has been delivered. We ap-
peal to any observant, reflecting, and dispassionate man,
whether he recollects a time throughout his whole ex-
perience at which it was the practice for vast bodies of
Englishmen to clamour so wildly or to strive so fiercely
for the attainment of power in one shape or other un-
der the fancied name of " right," and to be so utterly
regardless of their real duties. The war cry of the age
is, " I want more power." But " power " means
power' over some other person or class of persons.
He, therefore, who insists on acquiring any power
which the law does not at present grant him, and
insists on that power as his " right," avows, in fact,
that ire feels himself an oppressed man, because,
iviiether his name be John Frest or Daniel ()'Con-
nett, he cannot exercise over one or mare of his

neigilhoui-s some greater coercion or constraint than he
ni,w can bring to bear upon those neighbours. He
cares nit one straw for the right of other men to resist
him in his attack upon their privileges or possessions.
He calls them monopolists, or oligarchs, or tyrants, be-
cause they seek to hoid what they have. But he styles
1 i,:.useit a " Reformer,' for no better reason than that
he spends his life in endeavouring to encroach upon
the lawful vested rights and possessions of his fellow-
, subjects- we Bay, therefore, that the topic and the
[ time, and the public to which he addresses himself,
have one and alt been chosen with ;admirable sense and
Ijudgment by Chief Justice Tindal, because he goes to
Lae root of the prevalent vice of this generation—a
! selfish grasping after t:i..! W powers, and a callous
biladness to those moral obligations which in-
struct us to employ the powers clready bestowed
I
i upon us tar the good of others as well as of ourselves.
Is there any one particle of conscientious integrity in
f ,:.blr. Daniel O'Connell, who has first inveigled, then
pushed
I ,:nder his dominion, to bellow and batter down all
• 1.,,„eql obstacles in the way of his and their march to
1 what lie designates as right, but which is merely
- power :" He roars out that he and his Burnish
l,ntliren are staves to England, and, when we come to

i-xaroine his reason, it is simply because they are not
tyrants, paramount over England. Could this bad man
have Fractised so successfully a fraud so monstrous over
tthe hears and understandings of his unhappy country-
tat:::), if the mind of the ignorant rabble had not been
to the full as " u:.healthy and diseased" as that of the
1 :;retch multitude of Monmouth and Glamorgan, so well
i dese,lod by the venerable Judge ? It is the want
i of inorui anti religious instruction which has subjec-
t tcd the Popi.,ll Anti-Saxons throughout England
to the discipli,,ed organization imposad upon
theta by O'Connel:, who cries for freedom, but
means ascendancy over Protestants, and the power of
coniini:ting unlimited Lirici unpunished wrong. It is
brutish ignorance of their mast sacred duties which has
enabled the leaders of the rioters to cegage in their con-
( :piracy against the state of tinglanf—tLe unfortunate
1 inhabitants of the iron mountains. When the; and their
,
victims yell for their "rghts," they expound the word
" riihts" by uniparing " confiscations." We say wit..'
Coe Chief Justice, that such a spectacle moves our deep
i compassion. We say further, that it fills us with the
most grievous apprehension, lest the spread of Chartism
should become inevitahie and uncontrollable, and the Nor-
, maaby reign be even more fatal here than in Ireland,where

the priesthood, when it suited them, could exercise a re-
straining, as well as an impelling force, which has no pa-
ntile' in this country. There are rumours much circulated
of a scheme on the partof Ministers for truckling, as is their
wont, to that authority which has defied the law, by throw-
ing upon Judges and Juries the emus of applying our cri-
minal jurisprudence to the proper ends of trial and con-
viction, while their own appetite for a base popularity,
which has been one great cause of the mischief, is to
urge itself on the exultation of their Chartist accom•
piices in sonic general gaol delivery, after the old Nor-
rmanby fashion. The Queen's marriage, it is rumoured,
is t,► be hurried on in ord, r to afford an occasion for an
amnesty. if so, the open rioters in the streets of New-
port ,ten not the only traitors to the Queen. Those of
higher rank, the whole tendency of whose administration
has been to encourage a contempt for the institutions of
the Monarchy, will then have crowned their work, and
shown a characteristic fellow feeling for their pupils.
(From the .ilforning Advertiser.)
This day live weeks Parliament will re-assemble. On
that day will commence a Session, the proceedings of
which, we verily believe, will surpass in importance
e%ery previoas Session since the Revolution of 1688.
The questions to be brought forward are not only nu-
merous, but involve matters of inconceivable magni-
tude both to this country and to Europe gene:allY•
The events of the approaching Session will, in all Ka-
man probability, decide the question—which has for
scene time past been at issue—as to whether the
Coesiitution which has existed for ages, and under
which Great Britain has risen to all her political
commercial greatness, is to be any longer the
Coustii ution of these realms, or whether our

free monarchical system of Government is to
C..? overthrown, and a pure republic created on its ruins.
'f the leaders of the Tories proceed in their present
course—if they persist in calumniating their
Sovereib'n—in assailing free institutions—in attack-
ing Liberal principles, and in goading on their bigoted
disciples to dt'eds of desperation- they shall persist
in this course, anj shall obtain a „imporary triumph
over the wiser and !-ietter portion of the nation, then
'here cannot be a doubt that that triumph will be speed-
ily followed by the subversion of the: Monarchy. Such
za result would, in the supposed case, be inevitable.
The torrent of filthy calumnies which they hare for
ewe time past been so actively employed in pouring on
to, Soverei4n and her Court, must have had the effect,
in the case of the uneducated millions, of diminishing
their respect for her Majesty, lessening their attachment
to the monaraical form of government, and preparing
them for the support of any proposal which may be
it de to introduce it republican system. And while
the ,Hinds of the more ignorant masses must thus
bo necessarily poisoned against their Sovereign, and
Prejudiced actinst the principles which have established
her on the thrond of these realms, the better•informed
classes, disheartened Ind disgusted by the mendacious
conduct of the Tories, will feel themselves enable to
preserve the existing institutions of the country. Is it
necessary we should employ yet more explicit language ?
.I'nen we say. that in the issue of the struggle now going
on between the Liberals and the Tories—the former
for the retention of power, and the latter for their re-
turn.to it—is involved the fate of the monarchy. Need
ve say one word more with the view of arousing the
friends of the Sovereign and the supporters of the Con-
stitution to a sense of the urgent necessity that exists
for their uoed, cordial, and energetic exertions to main-
tain the asceNancy of Liberal principles ? And
if an effectual stud is to be mule against the
meditated irruption of the Tories into Dozvning-street,
it can only be done by the immediate commenuTnent of
a vigorous course of opposition to the line of conduct
they are pursuing. They are organizing ; so ought th 3
friends of Liberal principles; and of free institutions.
Mc Tory leaders are carrying on
of fixing correspond-
euce together, for the purpose of fixing on the precise
tactics to be adopted in the approaching Parliamentary
campaign ; the leading men among the progressive
party ought not to lose a moment in following their
example. The Tories are merging all minor differences
in their zeal for general principles ; it is only by pursu-
ing the same course, that the Reformers can frustrate
their machinations for a return to office. "re pressed
this point with a peculiar earnestness a few days ago
it cannot be urged with too much emphasis or with suf-
ficient frequency. It is now as clear as the sun, when
no cloud, nor the shadow of a cloud, interposes between
that luminary and the human eye, that the ascendancy'
nr• Rclorin principles and the maintenance of the insti
riitions of the country are entirely dependent on the
course which the Liberals shall in these respects pursue
during the next six months.
Chief Justice Tindal's charge; on opening the Special
Commission at Monmouth, affords most favourable

promise of the proceedings, unfortunately made neces-
sary by the riots at Newport, being conducted in a
manner calculated to produce a most salutary effect
upon the country. Impressive and impartial, luminous,
temperate, and marked with mild dignity, holding with
firmness the balance between the law and those
charged with its transgression, accurately defining the
limits which mark the confines of treason, the evidence
necessary to establish a verdict of their violation, and
the circumstances which may extenuate the offence—
the charge presents as admirable an example of all
those high attributes which should characterise the
judgment seat as ever came under our consideration,
The spirit pervading the whole charge, in perfect har-
mony with the solemnity of the time, is in itself suffi-
cient to produce on all capable of the slightest degree of
reflection more respect for the law than scores of capital
punishments. With the policy of the law its adminis-
trator has nothing whatever to do. It is not for him
to exercise an individual discretion where a statute pre-
sumed to be sanctioned by the combined wisdom of the
nation marks the line of action. The office of the
Judge is to adminster the law, not to argue its expe-
diency, and by the total absence of all political allusion,
unless as the question of law was immediately involved
in the cases about to come under consideration, the
Chief Justice has evinced a correct appreciation of the
limits to which his high functions should be confined.
It is not the extent of punishment inflicted on the
offender, but the exposure of the atrocity of the
offence, which, in civilized communities, operates most
effectively in the suppression of crime. With this
truth the Chief Justice, in his allusions to the in-
fluence of education in suppressing crime, appeared to
be fully impressed ; for it is only by affording a more
thorough appreciation of the enormity of crime, that edu-
cation can exercise any influence in its prevention. The
extent or severity of punishment has little or no effect
in deterring from the transgression of the law, so long
as public sympathy exists in favour of that transgres-
sion. While public opinion hails with applauso the
commission of an act, however criminal in itself, or
however great the penalty awarded to it by the law,
there will never be a dearth of parties ready for its com-
mission. If the penalty of death were effective in pre-
venting crime, and the proximity of the penalty to the
offence increased its efficacy, the death of the sixteen
individuals who fell in the riots at Newport should
necessarily produce a more salutary effect than any
subsequent executions. But the fall of these deluded
men, like all slain in similar cases, unless public
sympathy be detached from their offence, would pro-
duce but little effect in deterring others from its repeti-
tion, nor would public executions have a better effect.
We make not these observations with a view of mitigat-
ing the character of the crime charged against those
accused of being concerned in the Newport riots,
which is of as grave a nature as any which could
possibly be perpetrated against society : nor, so far as
concerns the individuals implicated, do we offer any plea
on their behalf. The severest penalty of the law attaches
with as much justice to their transgression, as to any
in the whole catalogue of crime. But it is solely from
the inadequacy of capital punishment to protect society
from the recurrence of crime, that we app=al against
its infliction. If the death of any, er of the whole of
those who may be capitally convicted by the present
Commission, would prevent such dangers to society as
occurred at Newport, we would say without hesitation,
" Let them die ;" but it is in the full conviction that
capital punishments fall completely short of their object,
and not unfrequently aggravate the evil they are in-
tended to remove, that we thus curly call for the adop-
tion of some more effective example to be made in
regard to the Newport rioters. We are comparatively
indifferent as to the mode in which they atone for their
crime, provided only that their punishment be so regu-
lated as to afford to society the most beneficial effects
of its infliction.

(From the Morning Port.)
Day after day we find the Ministerial Newspapers
employed in the most rancorous, and yet, we must add,
ridiculous abuse of Sir Robert Peel. There is some-

thing peculiar in the yell of fear and hatred with which
their mention of the Right Hon. Baronet's name is now,
on all occasions, accompanied. We attribute this to an
instinct of impending destruction, like that which
prompts some of the lower animals of the forest to
shriek when they hear the lion's approaching tramp.
The Ministerialists are evidently in an agony of ter-
ror, from haying heard that Sir Robert Peel means to
spare them no longer, but to be down upon them, with
the honest indignation of all England at his back, as
soon as Parliament meets. Most fervently do we
hope and trust that Sir Robert will in no degree dis-
appoint either their fears or the hopes of his loyal Pro-
testant fellow-countrymen. The time has come to
crush these minions of Romanisrn—these paltry depen-
dents upon a❑ Irish conspiracy against the British Pro-
testant Constitution. We hope, and we believe, that
a blow will be struck, and that immediately, upon the
meeting of Parliament.

(From the Herald.)
The attempt lately made to impose what is called a
rural police, but which is, in reality, a Home-office gen-
darmerie, upon the county of Hertford, was not, as our
readers may recollect, successful there any more than in
Buckinghamshire. That the attempt will be renewed,
however, is very probable, for, independently of the lore
of tyrannical rule and hatred of constitutional govern-
ment which animates the Whigs, the extension of the
con,!inental police system throughout the country would
afford ti,em such an immense accession of patronage
and influence; as the " no-patronage" and " purity of
principle Government must have a passionate avidity to
clutch. In contemplation of the probability of a re-
newed effort on the cart of the Whig-Radical members
of the Magisterial bench to saddle the county with this
costly and unconstitutional police system, the rate-paying
inhabitants of the parish of Watford have recently held
a meeting to take into consideration a subject in which
their interests are so deeply involved. The result of
that meeting was a resolution to address a petition to
the Magistrates of the county of Hertford, in Quarter
Sessions assembled, deprecating the Government
scheme, and praying that it may not receive the sanction
of magisterial recommendation. The additional bur-
dens in the way of increased taxation, which such a
system must necessarily inflict on the country, is one of
the grounds of objection to the measure ; but im-
portant as that ground of objection is, there is a still
more important one, of which the inhabitants of' the
parish of Watford have not been unmindful. They say,
" We would also beg to state our decided opinion that
the principle of the Rural Police Act is highly ob-
jectionable, inasmuch as it places in the hands of the
Government that powcr which ought to rest with the
local authorities." In other words, it goes to sub-
vert the principle of our native and constitutional
constabulary force, in order to substitute for it
one of foreign and tyrannical extraction. The
rate-payers of the parish of Watford also observe,
" that the want of any police is confined to
certain localities, and that sufficient powers are given to
such localities by the Act of the 3d and 4th William
I V,, cap. 90, which Act enables the rate-payers of any
town or parish to appoint police whenever they may
think it necessary to do so." Aye, but that Act did
not adopt the principle of centralisation ; and the Act
of the 2d and 3d Victoria, cap. 93, does. Therefore
the Whigs, by their underlings, ate strain;ng every
nerve to impose the latter upon the country. The
question is not (though the Ministerial Papers put it so,
for the purpose of deluding the public), between an
inecient and an efficient constabulary force. Whatever
reformation of the system of watch and ward may be re-
quired from the particular circumstances of any locality
can be effected under the powers given by the Act of
the 3d and 4th William IV. But the fact is, the
Government, being more anxious to grasp additional
patronage for itself than to see the constabulary force
rendered more efficient for the service of the public, re-
solves all reform into centralisation, and, under pretence
of rendering property more secure, prepares to strike a
deadly blow at public liberty. Nor are such Ministers
as England is now inflicted with the less disposed to
strike that blow, because, along with breaking down that
admirable combination of liberty and order which grew
out of our Anglo-Saxon institutions, it will inevitably
contribute to the humiliation of the landed aristocracy.
Let this tyrannical scheme of Gallican despotism once
overspread the laud of ancient and regulated freedom,
and the impartial and upright administration of
rural justice by benches of independent Magistrates,
constituted from the nobility and gentry of each
county, will be supplanted by Home-office kadiism,
A vast brood of Whig dependents will be fixed upon all
the rural districts, in the shape of stipendiary justices—
the more servile and obsequious vassals of the Secretary
for the Home Department—persons fit to be ordered
either to commit or discharge persons accused of crime
as it might please the despotic 'caprice of the great
central Mogul of the British empire. As to the Act
of the 3d and 4th William IV., cap. 90, it was but
an extension of a very excellent Act passed for the
improvement of the constabulary force in the previous
reign—we mean the Act of the 11th Geo. IV., cap.
27, intituled An Act to make Provision for the Light-
ing and Watching of Parishes in England and Wales.
By that Act the Churchwardens of the parish were di-
rected to convene a meeting of vestry, on the requisition
of three rated inhabitants, to determine whether the pro.
visions of the Act should be adopted. It at such meet-
ing it was resolved to adopt the provisions of the Act,
by a majority consisting of three-fourths of the votes,
three inspectors were to be elected by the rate payers, to
be renewed by triennial election ; and among other
powers which the Act vested in the inspectors so chosen,
was the following :
" That the said inspectors shall from time to time ap-
point and employ such number of able-bodied watch house
keepers, servanta of the night, watchmen, patroles, street-
keepers, and other persons, as they shall think sufficient
for the proper protection of the inhabitants, houses, and
property, ;
and
perty.attroeeta and other places within the limits of this
provide all such watchmen, watch house-
keepers, sergeants of the night, patrol, and persons as
awicoar
pe sa3anisd., a wishnd
shall such
as s cloth,ig n
t:
theru suPb g
i arms, ammunition, and
heats and rounds,
and duties, and appoint such hours for th2ra to be on
duty, and also such wages, rewards, and gratuities or re-
munerations for their cervices, ar,d also make such rules
orders, and regulations relative to the watch.bens i
keepers, sergeants of the night, watchmen, patrol, strce I

keepers, and other persons, and their duties, as to the said
inspectors shall seem meet ; and also shall and may offer
and give, as well to the said persons as to any other not
specially employed by them, such gra.nities and rewards
for apprehending felons and others, offenders within the
limits of this Act, as to them may seem proper ; and shall
and may defray the expenses of prosecuting any such fe-
lons or offenders, for the protection of the inhabit.-nfs
adopting the provisions of this Act, or in defending any of
the said persons or other officers of the said inspectors in
the execution of their duty, as they shall think proper."
Another section described most fully the duties of
watchmen, sergeants of the night, patrols, and other
members of the constabulary force, appointed under the
provisions of the Act—an Act in which that outlandish
word " police"—a word hateful to English ears as
being associated with notions of continental espionage
and tyranny—is not to be found. But this Act, passed
by a Conservative Administration for the reform of the
old watch and ward system in the parishes of England
and Wales, met with no favour from the " liberty-
loving" Whigs, because it adopted not the principle of
despotic centralisation, under which France, with " char-
tered rights," knows nothing of constitutional liberty.
France, whose Government police system, instead of
offording a better protection to life and property and
the public peace than we have, or lately had, in Eng-
land, fills the nation with swarms of political spies,
under whose demoralizing auspices popular entente: and
insurrections are of frequent occurrence, regicide plots
ripen with a rapidity that makes them familiar events,
and the country continually struggles in the grasp of
tyranny or the throes of revolution.
(From the Globe.)

We have sometimes been accused of being over-
candid, and of putting too mild a construction on
the words of " wine-warmed" churchmen militant.
We may perhaps incur similar reproof from some
zealous friends for saying we do not think Mr.
M'Neile can have meant Jezebel for her Majesty !
There is no pronouncing with absolute certainty what
he did mean ; there are sacred haranguers, who
seem to think they cannot cram in too many texts,
whether with or without rational application to their
subject of discoursing. It is true, as a Tory Contempo-
rary justly observes, that " the character of the execrable
wife of Ahab is the most detestable female character
to be found in sacred history—the most unlike in
position, circumstance, attributes." . . . . She
was besides Queen Consort, not Queen Regnant ; and
it was only in the former capacity that any Jew jour-
nalist (if such existed in those days, possessed of the
loyal qualities of the Times) can possibly have be-
thought himself of exclaiming, when Ahab went
astray,—" The Queen has done it all !" It must,
owever, be acknowledged, that the Tories have odd

says of quoting Scripture. " We have a peace within,"
said the Rev. Hugh M'Neile, in the oration referred to,
" but as to our Ministry, it is a sword, and not peace. It
cannot be peace while the world is under the power of the
Devil, who is the enemy of all righteousness. What peace
so long as that woman Jezebel lives ?—(Loud cheers.) It
cannot be possible till peace comes in its proper Scriptural
place : The wisdom that cometh from above is first
pure, then peaceable.'—(Cheers.) When the world
shall be pure, then the ministers of the Church will be
men of peace. But while the world is corrupt, I say,
my Lord, we are men of war."—(Great applause.)
" The wisdom that cornett' from above is first pure, then
peaceable." The purity and peace then, it seems, arc
to be successive, not synchronous. Now th;s is what
we should call garbling and perverting Scripture for
a bad purpose. This is the way in which
politico-religionists use their " whole Bible." How

is it that the Rev. Hugh APNeile did not quote
the whole verse F Because it would have conveyed a
rebuke, and not an encouragement ; because it would
not have admitted his contentious construction. " The
wisdom that cornett' from above is first pure, then peace-
able, gentle, and easy to be entreated ; full of mercy and
good truits, without partia/ity,and wit bout hypocrisy." It
is tolerably easy to see why this beautiful description was
garbled. And thereat amount of respect for Scripture en-
tertained, whether by the speaker or his hearers, per-
haps might be pretty accurately inferred from this treat-
ment of its language. It is an old practice of Tory
quacks in religion and politics—and that mongrel mix-
ture of both which is the disgrace of the present age
—to cut and carve at the Scriptures just as suits
their convenience.

(From the Courier.)
The Times of this morning has approached one of the
questions which now agitate and deeply concern the
future welfare of our West India colonies, in a manner
to command the public attention which it deserves and
must ultimately receive. The deficiency in the quantity
of colonial products since the period of full emancipa-
tion is already sufficiently striking, and must increase
yearly without the application of some remedial mea-
sure for counteracting this downward tendency.
The population of the colonies remains the same,
or is on the increase, but labour, as shown by its fruits,
is on the decline. Compulsion can no more be tolerated
where the rights of freedom have been established, and
are now as inalienable as by constitutional law in the
metropolitan state itself. The indolence almost invin-
cible in the negro character forbids the hope of any
greater application of industry than what may be indis-
pensable for the supply of animal wants, which resolve
themselves into the simplest and least expensive of all
food, a little salt fish or jerked beef with plantains and
fresh water ; the two former entering indeed into the
category of luxuries, the enjoyment of which will often
be foregone when attainable only at the cost of more
bodily exertion. Sir Edward Oust, who has recently
visited the Colonies, and, what is more, with an ob-
servant eye, and has recorded the results of his obser-
vations in a sensible pamphlet, remarks that " a gene-
ration must pass away before the negro, in a state of
freedom, will attain to any thing approaching the
civilisation of the European peasant, or will work with
any thing like the steadiness that is essential to the
profitable culture of the land." In our opinion, founded
upon some opportunies, and not without due considera-

tion, we are inclined to doubt whether one generation
alone will suffice for a revolution of habits and character
so decided in the negro race, if indeed ever at all, so
long as distinctly they remain a race apart.
(From the Standard.)

It is a mistake to suppose that religious instruction is
necessary only to the vulgar ; and that men of some de-
gree of education and placed in comparatively easy cir-
cumstances can with safety dispense with religious
ordinances. Nothing can compensate to any man
—whatever his attainments or his rank—the want
of the means of 'Divine Worship—the stated calls
to religious duty the blessed contagion of
collective prayer and praise the example of
neighbouring piety—an example always more power-
ful in its efficacy in proportion to the humble position in
society of him by whom it is afforded. There is no
man whose misfortune it has been to live for any time
among a people destitute of the means of religious
worship who has not felt the withering effect of
such a situation upon his own spirit. Every man, in
whatever rank, or whatever the degree of his know-
ledge, stands in need of the society of religion, and
has reason to complain if the State does not afford
him the opportuning of enjoying that society in
public worship. It' social worship wore not necessary
for man, the almighty would not have appointed
it—the earlier Clir..7tions would not, as they didw
seek it through chains, and sipes, and death. What we
said
yeterday on this subject has drawn upon us the re-
buke of
a C,,i,ntemporary. We cannot help it. We try to
restrain our feelini;q. n_ to moderate our language ; but
when we find men under :.I`c influence .of tniserable seeta-
rian spirit, or of a more miserauTe par:it-Dopy, ,catering for
t:ii(
the gibbet—would that the consequenci O tiirgi9bet
ended with the gibbet—we confess ourselve: "at" tf
keep terms. Why should we dare to soften the denun::

tions pronounced by Him whose word was truth :
" Woe unto you, hypocrites, for you shut up the
kingdom of heaven against men ; for you neither go in,
neither suffer ye them that are entering to go in." And
do not they who conspire to prevent the extension of
the Gospel in the only way in which it can be extend-
ed universally, do not they who thus conspire, " shut
up the kingdom of heaven against men," as far as it is
in their power to do so

SUPPLY OF CoAL.—The enormous consump-
tion of coals produced by the application of the steam-
engine in the arts and manufactures, as well as to rail.
ways and navigation, has of late years excited the fears
of many as to the possibility of the exhaustion of our
coal mines. Such apprehensions are, however, altogether
groundless. If the present consumption of coal be
estimated at sixteen millions of tons annually, it is de-
monstrable that the coal fields of this country would
not be exhausted for many centuries. But, in specula-
tions like these, the probable if not certain progress of
improvement and discovery ought not to be overlooked ;
and we may safely pronounce, that long before such a
period of time shall have rolled away, other and more
powerful mechanical agents will supersede the use of
coal. Philosophy already directs her finger at sources
of inexhaustible power in the phenomena of electricity
and magnetism. The alternated decomposition, and re-
composition of water, by magnetism and electricity, has
too close an analogy to the alternate processes of vapori-
zation and condensation, not to occur at once to every
mind : the development of the gases from solid matter
by the operation of the chemical affinities, and their
subsequent condensation into the liquid form, has al-
ready been essayed as a source of power. In a word,
the general state of physical science at the present mo-
ment, the vigour, activity, and sagacity with which re-
searches in it are prosecuted in every civilized country,
the increasing consideration in which scientific men arc
and the personal honours and rewards which begin
to be conferred upon them, all justify the expectation
that we are on the eve of mechanical d:scoveries still
greater than any which have yet appeared: and that the
steam engine itself, with the gigantic powers conferred
nl \ate
with‘r the energies of nature
, will dwindle into insig-
ne.;
and that the day will
wuiptfi,oiecnahni
eta
rbeyiitl
stillh ec immortal
pnbat
eor
irsrt
oea
veal
ed
come when that machine which is now extending the
blessings of civilization to the most remote skirts of the
globe will cease to have existence, except in the page of
history.—The Steam Engine, by Dr. Lardner.

40..

MONEY MA.RK ET and CITY NEWS.

(WEDNESDAY EVENING.)
TIMES.—The city rwrehhis, it no* the public
generally, will readily call to mind the disputed point on
the arrival of the September mail from Bombay, whe-
ther Culanel Campbell or Mr. Waghorn had the greater
share in forwarding it, together with the July and
August mails, so promptly from Alexandria to Malta,
as to insure their reaching England in time to be
answered by the Indian mail of November from
England, which was, in fact, most successfully accom-
plished. As connected with mercantile affairs alone,
these mails were probably the most important that
were ever forwarded to this country, and they
brought intelligence besides of a great victory by
our troops in Northern India, the influence of which,
politically, could not but be very great and ex-
tend over the whole of our eastern empire. Had
a delay of these mails, for a few days only, oe.,
curred on their arrival in Alexandria, so as to pre-
vent their reaching England before the 4th of Novem•
ber, a month would have been lost both to the Govern-
ment and the merchants, and all their arrangements
consequent on that great event, in all probability frus-
trated. If any praise or blame, therefore, with respect
to them is attributable on any part of the route, they
should tall where due, and the merit, if any. be made
known to the public. The following account of Mr.
Waghorne's share in it is given by himself in a letter
addressed to Mr. Larpent, the Chairman of the East
India and China Association, and must be left to make
its own impression :
_

" Alexandria, Nov. 24.
" With regard to a report that Colonel Campbell was
the prime mover in getting the mails of July, August, and
13th of September last sent by the Paella steamer to
Malta, that be applied to the Pacha for the steamer, and
that it was he who availed himself of my services to take
charge of the Government mails by that opportunity, the
simple facts are these, and let them speak for themselves.
" When the mails got to Alexandria, Colonel Camp-
bell took no steps for twenty-hours to get them sent
on to Malta, until I waited on him to hire a merchant
steamer, the United Kingdom, then in this port, to
which he agreed after my having told him, that if he did
not hire her for the Government, I would on account of
the merchants ; on this Colonel Campbell consented to
hire her ; but after application was made to the captain
and the mercantile house here, to whom she was con-
signed, it was found that her insurance did not war-
rant either the captain or the consignees to permit her to
go to Malta, although 5001. was offered. 1 next pressed
the Colonel warmly to ask for the Pacha steamer Geno-
; roso, and that I would go as messenger and navigator
of her to Malta and back, which, after another twelve
hours' delay, he at last consented to do ; he did it;
but when the Pacha's permission arrived from Cairo, which
took two days more, the Colonel then declined taking
her. On the Colonel's refusing to accept the steamer he
had before asked for, Mr. Briggs and myself took up the
matter with double zeal and interesi. ; for we both
felt that a great victory in India had been achieved by
British valour, and that the sooner it was known in Eu.
rope, Jac., the better; besides there were three months'
mails from the East in Egypt, and the sooner they could
be got to England the better. Mr. 13riggs theu drew up
a circular, to which my name was attached, with other
firms here, addressed to Mr. Larkin the Consul, which
circular you may readily forsee was totally uncalled for, if
jolonel Campbell had been prime looser. Mr. Briggs
and myself then went to the Paella's Minister privately ;
we dwelt on the urgency of these mails, and how noble-
minded it would appear in England among the merchants
that Mehemet All's Government gladly put a steamer at
their use for their India letters after the official of their
Government in Egypt had refused the acceptance of such
favour on political grounds.
" This argument had its full force with his Excel-
lency Boghos Bey, the Minister in question. I next
morning started with the mails for Malta. I should
mention that the engineer for the vessel when she
was wanted for the service in question absolutely
refused to go to sea in her unless his wages were
augmented. However, I prevailed on hint by promises of
money, and by using my influence on his behalf on our re
turn, and thus that difficulty was got over, and then another
presented itself, as follows. When Colonel Campbell
found out that the steamer was permitted by the Minister
to start with the private letters from India to my care,'
as well as the letters from the Alexandrian merchants, the
Colonel then appointed Lieutenant Daniel, of the Indian
Navy, to take the Government despatches as messenger,
and not me. This appointment to Lieutenant Daniel was
refused by hire on the plea, that, as Mr. Waghorn had
jointly with Mr. Briggs had all the trouble of getting the
steamer, it was unjust to deny him the credit of taking the
Government despatches, as well as his own. Colonel
Campbell, on hearing this from Lieutenant Daniel per
tonally, was obliged to order a new passport as messenger
to be made in my name, and the one before signed for
Lieutenant Daniel to be destroyed. This officer is now
in England, and I am sure, if called on, will bear testi-
mony to these facts."

The funds have not been quite so firm to-day.

POST.—There was but little passing to attract at
tendon in this part. of the town to-day. The funds
were flat in the English market, a circumstance that
seems to have arisen rather from the less favourabli•
state of the foreign exchange, than from a diminution
in the supply of money or any other intelligible cause ;
but, as we intimated yesterday, the Bank of England is
now in a position of comparative security, so that there
is not the same necessity for the interference of the
Directors in the operations of the bill market that
there was some iaouths ago. A great quantity of silver
has been transmitted to the Continent on 134iik ac-
count, the effect of which has been, and will continue
to be, to send back gold coin ; and, although the rates
of exchange have given way in some degree, they are
still considered too high to offer any temptation for a re-
newed exportation of sovereigns. The value given yes-
terday for the pound sterling, at three months' elate,
was as follows :—Paris 25 60 to 571 ; Hamburg 13 0.
to Y ; Amsterdam 12 3 to i ; Antwerp 12 31- ; and
Frankfort 1508.
The Madrid intelligence contained in the Journals of
this day goes still further to develop to the world the
existence of that total want of principle on the part of •
the Spanish Government which we have taken so much
pains to expose and to guard the public against. The
letter addressed by the Chairman of the Spanish bond
holders at Paris to the Marquis of Miraflores, the
Spanish Ambassador there, a translation of which we
inserted yesterday under this head, alludes to a new loan
which the Finance Minister proposed issuing as a means
of meeting certain local engagements. We now learn that
this new fraud upon the foreign creditors of Spain is in the
course of execution. Forty millions of the fresh creation
have already been put out, and as they will beyond al,
doubt come into competition with the bonds heretofore in
circulation, the capitalists of Madrid who are holders o!
the old securities are naturally in dismay upon tip
subject, and the funds generally were tumbling in conse-
quence. The Minister was endeavouring, through tin
medium of the press, to pacify the public, but to little
purpose ; and it is well remarked by the Madrid corre-
spondent of the ..14orning Chronicle, the organ, be it
remembered, of Lords Palmerston and Clarendon, both
supporters of the Queen-Regent and her advisers
It is surely unreasonable in the members of the Spanish
Government to expect that the public, to whom the)
address themselves, would take their word far this o;
any other statement they might think proper to put
forward ? Do they so soon forget the effects produced
on the publie mind by the veracity of Perez de Castru
in le Zea Bermudez and Senor iNlarlani ?--of Senor
Arazola on the morning of the 7th of October, in tit,
Congress ?—of Narvaez, Minister of War, on the morn-
ing of the ' suspension,' when he promised there would be
no dissolution' ?—of' San Millen, who makes contracts and
allows them to be sold over again at large profits ?—ar
short, of the whole batch who have given the most in-
controvertible proofs that their word is not worth the paper
it is written upon? Loose, however, as they are in paints
of exact statement, they say nothing in explanation which
if; any way affects the question at issue. They acknow
ledgw.gliii.t they have created 200 millions of bonds; that
;bii; sum arc already disposed of as guaran-
atraelado remainder are to be giver
--a: and eGthAti4c a hops that, th,
a negotiated 'het. iipme•
' - bonds already it,

tees to cu..

away for like purpoe
new bonds thus created at

..~11.

diately come into competition with tn,
the market. For this the public require some outer
rity than the word of Ministers."
It will now, at all events, be seen that it is indeed
upon a very pretty set the British people have for years
past been bestowing their patronage and wasting their
blood and treasure. What can Lords Clarendon and Pal-
merston say in future for a Government that will act
as here described by their favoured organ ? We shah!
no doubt before many months have elapsed have an op-
portunity of knowing.

HERALD.--Amongst the best-informed circles oi
the city, it is pretty well understand that the Bank of
England Direction feel that their present position is
very secure, particularly as regards any comparison with
the state of foreign and domestic commercial affairs se-
veral months ago. The Bank, in consequence, has ceased
to supply Messrs. Baring with hills against the =porta.
tion of bullion, which is one of the causes of the decline
in the Continental Exchanges for the two last post days.
The cessation of any speculation in foreign corn for the
present, without taking into consideration theimpedi-
ments that winter places in the way of imports to this
country from the corn-growing countries of the north of
Europe for a season, coupled with the known fact that
bullion is tolerably plentiful on the European continent,
,
prove that, for some time, there is not likely to be any
ante of trade has beensudden demand for specie. At the same time, the late
continued decline in the exchanges proves that the ha-
and is yet against this country,
and that the late quotations have been maintained by
the transactions of the Bank of England.
In the British Stock Market there have been some
extensive sales of the Three-and-a-Half per Cent. Re-
duced Annuities and of the New Three-and-a-Half per
Cent. Annuities for the opening. These transactions,
coupled with the very rotten appearance of the Foreign
Market, and the reciuction of the exchanges, base
caused Consols to fall 9l a a i for the opening, which is
a decline of 1 per cent.
It has been generally 8
understood that during the last
two or three accounts of the Foreign Stock Market,
there has been what is termed a pretty general clean
out amongst those deluded parties who followed their
insideand dabbled in Spanish Bonds, in pre-
ference patrons,wing their usual trades. The Colon)_
to following
bian job is expected to add considerably to the number