The Sun.
London, England, 1830-12-31 00:00:00

SHIPPING INTELIAGENeg—(THIS DAY.)

FROM LLOYWI
MAL, the 80.—Wind S.E.....Arrived front the Riper
and sailed the Funchal, Dakotan, for New South e
sailed the outwaril-baund.

Vatatouvi, Die. 29.--Wind W. Fght breezes.—Ar-
rived the Columbia stestn-packtt from Corfu ; sailed the
30th ult., Malta thu 4th inst., and Gibralrar the 17th;
Magnet packet, from Lisbon, sailed the 17th inst., spoke
elf the Bar his Majesty's steamer Confiance, fur the Me.
,literraneun, going in for a supply of coals, and sailed the
I 9th inst. ; the Sandwich packet, also from Lisbon, sailed
the 19th inst.

iIor.YHEAn, DEC. 29.—Arrived off port the Jamer,
APlnvoy, from Demerara; 111 iodic, from New Orleans;
Helen, from Charleston ; and Montreal, from Quebec!.

tavenroot., Dec. 29.—Off pott the Macelerbeld,
from Jamaica; Anacreon, Leon, from Virginia; Carlton,
from St. John's, New Brunswick; H trbinger, from
Afiramichi ; and Adelina. Murray, from Bengal.
LANCASTER, Dec. 26.--Arrived the !Ark, Cannes,
from St. John's, New Brunswick.
Suptcus, Dec. 29.—Arrived the Elisabeth and
Sarah, Simpson, front Quebec.
SUNDERLAND, Dec. 29.—Arrived the Danube, Dia-
mond, from Quebec.

WEXFORD, 28.—Arrived the Wexford, Barry,
from Quebec.

The Providence, Plainer, from Falrrouth to Norway,
was wrecked near Thisted the 12th inst., and the crew

drowned.

The Ellen' Campbell, from 'Wexford to Dahlia, was
on shore on Wicklow Ear the 25th inst.

RYE COMMITTEE OF APPEAL.

In proportion as public interest was excited by
the determination of the Committee, in May last, '
respecting the right of voting in the Port of Rye,
so was the surprise felt by most persons at the re-
versul of that determination on Saturday, the 18th
instant, by the Committee of Appeal appointed to
re-hear the question ; and nothing can more strongly
prove the present defective state of the law for
determining rights of election, than the mode in n hieh
this case has been dealt with. It would naturally be
supposed that, according to all usual practice, a
Committee of Appeal, being from its very essence
a superior tribunal, would be composed of indivi-
duals possessing greater talent, or more competent
to form a judgment of the matter in dispute, than
that whose decision they are called upon to *Arm
or reverse, and more especially at their determination
(according to the GRENVILLE Act) is to settle the
right of election for ever. But how lamentably is
the fact at variance with this natural supposition ! •
Instead of any additional pains being bestowed in
forming a Committee of Appeal, the members of it
rt to
are taken at random from the general body of the
House; and, if many Committees have been pre-
viously balloted for,it may be composed of Members,
least accustomed to habits of business, and least com-
petent to determine upon the vital questions
be bought before them. At the beatc.it 1Y en •
appeal from CESAR to CESAR; but it inky be ittfis
nitely worse—for the solemn decisions of expel kneed,
highly.talented, and able individuals may be sub-
jected to the revision of others far less competent to
form a correct judgment, and rights of election esta-.
blished by County Members may be destroyed for
ever, by the partial views of those alrilittfor the
must notoriously rotten boroughs in the kiOltdoto.
It is not for us to make any invidious comparisons
between the Members which composed the Rye
Election Committee in May last, and that which
has just reverted its decision; but, in order to prove
the serious anomaly we have been etideuvourini to
point out, it will be sufficient, in the fitst place, to
state, that the former comprised the names of Lord
PALMERSTON, Sir TROAIAS ACLAND, Mr. Wit.surr
HORTON, and Mr. BItAMSTONE, the late Member
for Essex, and then to show the different reqilts
which the two Committees came to upon the same
species of evidence.

The Committee which sat in May last determined
the right of toting for the Port to be in the Mayor,
Jtirats, and freemen, such freemen being duly ad-
mitted and sworn as Barons and freemen of the
town, according to ancient usage and to the privi-
leges granted to the town by Royal Charter.
The Committee of Appeal has virtually, as we
shell presently observe, determined the right to he
only in members of the Corporation.

The former declared that according to ancient
usage all the inhabitants, being tax and rate payers,
were entitled to be admitted and sworn as hhirons
and freemen, and consequently to vote.
The latter has declared that only the eldest sons
of freemen, born after their fathers are made free,
have such right.
Upon what grounds the Committee formed their
resolution it is difficult to imagine, for none of the
entries read from the town records support the ex-
clusive right of eldest eons; and not a tittle of evi-
dence was given on either side in any way relating
to the last custom which they found.
The effect, however, of this final decision will be
to perpetuate that odious monopoly which has for
years past enabled a Clergyman of the Church ol"
England to return the Members for Rye; and, if
the other towns of the Cinque Ports, which have
so long been deprived of their elective franchise, are
to consider that their claims will meet with similar
returns, the Government will iota: in vain for that
slate of quiet and contentment which once dietin•
guished the Kent and Sussex coast from most other
parts of the kingdom.

BORNS' JUSTIC CORRECT.--On the trial
of ABRAHAM Conn and others, at Wiacheater. Dr.
dorm, the Alagirtrate, is reported hare stated that he
the proclamation which he read fun* BuaNa' Jus-
tice. This is not correct; for, on a reference to the last
edition of that work by Mr. MAJMICITT, at page 94, voL
5, the words which he omitted, " Goo SAVX TUX KlNOs's
will be found in proper place.

Things have passed off quietly at Manchester
and through Lancashire, as tha greater part of the work.
men refused to obey the WI of the Union for a general
strike on Monday lasi. Private letters, which however
are not confirmed by the journals yet received from the
spat, state that there has been boffin disturbsnee at Ghee.
tor. On Tuesday night there were two firos......ne near
Brimpton, and the other on the borders of flaws.

The weather, during the last few days, has
been extreauely severe throughout the south and west of
England. Considerable quantities of snow have Mien, of
which Bath and its vicinity lows had their full share.
The streets of our city Word but very inditDovet comfort
to the pedestrian, and the hills mound us wear a truly
winter-like appearance. Beechen Cbff in particular looks
griody down upon us, like a from monarch of the. Alps,
....Bath Chi-ankh:

'rhe religious ceremonies at the Catholic
Chapel, in Edinburgh, were conducted with unusual
splendour and solemnity on Christmas day, mill a large
congregation were present. High mass was celebrated in
the morning, and vespers commenced at lialf.past two
o'clock in the afternoon, the Archbishop of ItilklMS (Car.
dinal Lavresiding. This is the first lustence. Sinner
the days of Cardinal BLATOW, of such a high dignitary of
the Runtish Chttrokotlieialing et public worship in Scot-
land. What rendered the service* still more interesting,
teas the presence of CliAllitleS the Tenth, the Duke and
Duchess d'Atraont.este, Duchess de Benet, Ihke °I
Bottuskux, and hie sister, and the different noble and
distinguished personages composing their suites, who oe.
copied, for the first time, the teats lately prepartit for
then on Epistle aide of the altar. On ei,f, patty
leaving the chapel an immense crowd itoen,bied, that
treater part of whom uncovered as his rA4tikiesty ettw
tired his carriage.

N

OSP= OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS,

Sir Edward Sugden enjoys a high and, we be-
live., not ill-founded reputation as a Chancery Bar-
rister; but be has on all occasions, when appearing
in the character of a constitutional lawyer, cut a
very sorry figure, 'lt will be remembered how
confidently he pronounced against the capacity of
Mr, O'Connell to he electethi Member of the
Muse of Commons when that qeestion (not his
right to sit and vote without taking the oaths) was
agitated, which capacity was afterwards affirmed by
a Committee of the House of Commons. Again,
on the momentous subject of the devolution of the
Crown in the event of the last reigning Monarch
dying without male issue, leaving his consort preg-
nant, Sir Edward Sugden was heard to enunciate
the preposterous doctrine that allegiance would in
the proposed case be due to the foetus in venire xa
mere, instead, of to the heir.presumptive, a doe-
trine utterly at variance pith the plain principles of
the commonlaw, and deserving rather to be classed
with the theological phantasy of baptism by injec-
tion, than .regarded as the sober opinion of a jurist.
This error, in like manner, met its proper condem-
nation from the late Regency Act. The late So-
lieltoe.General made a further display of his pro-
found constitutional knowledge on the eve of the
adjournment last week, when he flippantly declared
that there was not the least ground for the question
made by Mr. Rothvere, as • to the comparability
of an Irish Peerage with the place of an Eng-
lish Master in Chancery. which singular con-
junction of dignities is now to be found in the
person of Lord Henley. It remains to be seen
how the House of Peers• will judge bf the mat-
ter. , We can hardly imagine that the place of an
" attendant" on their Lordships—sech being the
Parliamentary-phrase descriptive of the capacity in
whiCh a Master in Chancery is attached to the
Houle of Lords--will be deemed reconcileitble with
the dignity of the Peerage, now possessed by Lord
Henley in his character of an Irish Peer, not less
amply than :by any Lord sitting within the walls of
Parliament. By the 4th Article of the Act of
Union it is provided, that " the Peerages of Ireland,
shall be considered as Peerages of the United King-
dom, and that the Peers of Ireland shall, as Peers
of the United Kingdom, be sued and tried as Peers,
and enjoy all privileges of Peers as fully as the
Peers of Great Britain, the right and privilege of
sitting in the House of Lords, and the right of
sitting on the Trial of Peers, only excepted.'. To
those excepted rights, and to take his seat in the
House of Lords,'Lord Henley may become one day
entitled by being elected one of the Representative
Peers; or, what is the same thing, he may now by
virtue of his Peerage vote at the election of a Re-
presentative Peer. To all intents and purposes he
is the Peer of the Lords of Parliament. With what
propriety, then, ran he continue to occupy the situa-
tion of an attendant upon those Lords ? There is
indeed one statutory mode by which an Irish Peer
may ,degrade, and for a time denude himself, of his
Peerage, That is, by procuring himself to be
elected ,serve, and by serving for any county,
city, or; gh of Great Britain, in the House
of Commons ;list so long as Such Peer shall so
serve as a %frillier of the House of Commons,
" He shall not (says the Act of Union) be en-
titled to the privilege of Peerage; nor capable
of being elected to serve as a Peer on the part of
Ireland; or of voting at any such election ; and
shall be liablgto be sued, indicted, proceeded against,
and tried IS '4-cominoner." Had Lord Henley
availed hi jt'bf this—the pole 'constitutional
means by which lie can divest himself of his privi-
lege of a Peer—the objection to his retaining the
place of is Master in Chancery would be removed.
Ilut he has not so dotie, am! no renunciation of his
right to vote for the election of a Peer on the part
of Ireland, nor of his eligibility to be elected such
representative Peer, Would be of the least avail.
His Ma is therefore precisely the same as that of
any other Peer of England, or of the United King-
NM ; and unless it ,hall be held that the door of
the House of Lords may be kept by a Peer, or Sir
T. Tyrwhit yield his post of Usher to one of their
Lordships, we do not see how Lord Henley can
attend on them, and bear their messages to the
Lower House. But such anomalies are the natural
result of an impoverished Peerage; and after all by
no means so disparaging to' the " Order," as the
figure which some of its members cut in the Pen-
sion List, where, as in the case of the Countess of
Mornington, we find the mother of four Peers, a
Duke, a Marquis, and two Barons, subsisting on the
eleemosynary henevoleece of the Crown; and where,
also it is seen, that until ashamed by the recent wt.-
posure of the fact, the mother of the Duke who in-
sisted on his right to do what he would with his own,
was a dependent on this fund for the relief of titled
nsvrrdicity.---Morning Chronicle.
Among the publications to which the disputes in
the .Netherlands have gived rise, one has been sent
to tie, distinguished by great good sense—a
pamphlet by Count Vail Hogentlorp, well known its
a Minister of the late kingdom of the Netherlands,
and highly esteemed as an able and informed writer
throughout Europe. This pamphlet of which we
possess the second edition, wits first published the
7t2d October, 1830; but matters bad proceeded too
fair for the voice of reason to have any influence.
Count Hogendorp states, with great truth, that
" National Debts and Standing Armies" are the
causes of revolutions throughout Europe. " We
live (he says) in the midst of frequent revolutions
We seek the causes of them, we lose ourselves in
long reasonings, and we shut our eyes on the only
alfitialg cause which explains them all
Let int free the people, anti especially the laborious
classes, from the burdens of taxes, no longer sup-
portable; this is the only means of restoring order,
securing the public tranquillity, and preventing re-
volutions." The publication of Mr. Barber Beau-
mont„ to which we yesterday alluded, forms a
valuable commentary on the above positions of
Count Hogendorre Mr. Beautnont thews the deep
interest the poor have in the protection of property,
and the deep iatereat which the possessors of pro-
perty have that the poor shall be in a situation that
will lead them to respect property. The •work-
ing man, unassisted by capital, would frequently
starve; and the mats at property, not having his
capital required for the uses end profits of iiidustry,
would soon consume it, and sink to the condition of
poverty. Thus reciprocally serviceable are the poor
arid the rich one to the other---one cannot flourish,
without the other, nor scarcely subsist,"---lie points
out the persons who, without being capitalists or
labourers, are also entitled to their share of the
produce to which they contribute to give effect.
" Bat when, in addition to these, the producers have
so support, in almost equal splendour, the fianilies gl a
host of lioresigh-owners, who commanding a majority in
the House of Commons, wieldpower which is superior
la the Sovereiyn's, end by which they compel him to
employ such Ministers and adopt such measures as they
desire; anti when the preducers have to provide expensive
gentility for poor relation*, and followers and supputers
at the Borough owners, by shoals, it may be conceived
that the biarthen of taxation may be extended beyond the
power of human patience to bear. Thus we have seen,
that to propitiate the Bornugh-owners, our army and
navy establishments have been kept up in the midst of
profound peace with all the world, at an expense which
exceeds that when we were at war with Fiance, Spain,
Holland, and Aunties; and with so little regard to con-
sistency, that it has been remarhsel we have throe Gene-
rals fur every tegintent of soldiers, two Admirals for
every ship of the line;. arid, taking both services together,
one Commissioned Officer for every five private men.—
That to gratify this interest still further, diplomatic
sproitittnerits abroad have been unnecessatily made,
and unproductive colonies have beers endowed with ex-
tensive, Staff: appointments ; that military and cutest
schools and asylums hate been 41104461nd fur the edu-
cation of sbildren rooettonended by the influential class ;
that Paulatahav! Wen Wooed out of the gaols to
snake way fears tsaYerners, will tire salaries of Liens
aroult*Cnionehtl sod that clisplaincies base been soul.
onC nuts r;, 'that high Waits are Jsaid
no Istl**Pate services sea mitered, and sinecures
ti t email - pratileieehave hseit laYisbatf where rasa service it
pokaci. if s consequence .of this system
• ow the condition of the pa uldes the moiety rates fur