The Sun.
London, England, 1837-09-30 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

The Message of the American President has not
disappointed us. He enters largely into the causes of
the late crisis, and distinguishes between legitimate
credit and the artificial stimulus given to speculation
by excessive issues of paper money, delivers his views
as to the probable duration of the present commercial
embarrassment, and announces what steps ought, in
his opinion, to be pursued by the Government. He
attributes the over-trading chiefly to over-issues of
bank paper. At the commencement of 1834 the bank
notes in circulation amounted to about 95,000,000
dollars, and the loans and discounts of the banks to
324,000,000 dollars. Between that time and the Ist
of January, 1836, the paper circulation had increased
to more than 140,000,000 dollars, and the loans and
discounts to more than 457,000,000 dollars. To this in-
crease is to be added the credit acquired by means of
foreign loans contracted by the States and State insti-
tutions, and, above all, by the lavish accommodations
extended by foreign dealers to American merchants.
The President is at some pains in showing
that the credit so profusely given by foreign
dealers to American merchants has been injurious to
America. It, led to excessive investments in unpro-
ductive public lands, to all manner of wild, unprofita-
ble speculations, and to an extension of credits to
traders in the interior of the country for supplies greatly
beyond the wants of the people. The consequences
were equally ruinous to both countries :—" The com-
mercial community of Great Britain were subjected to
the greatest difficulties ; and their debtors in this
country (he says) were not only suddenly deprived of
accustomed and expected credits, but called upon for
payments which, in the actual posture of things, could
only be made through a general pressure and at the
most ruinous sacrifices." This brings the President na-
turally to the consideration of the state of banking in
England and America. The President seems to be of
the opinion of many enlightened men in this country,
that bodies of men or individuals deriving profits
from loans ought not to he entrusted with the
issue of paper. He is of opinion that the aug-
mentation of paper currency in England has been as
excessive as in the United States—" Proneness to ex-
cessive issues has ever been (he observes) the vice of
the banking system—a vice as prominent in national
as in state institutions. This propensity is as subser-
vient to the advancement of private interests in the
one as in the other ; and those who direct them both,
being principally guided by the same views, and influ-
enced by the same motives, will be equally ready to
stimulate extravagance of enterprise by improvidence
of credit. How strikini.,,,ly is this conclusion sustained
by experience ! The Bank of the United States,
with the vast powers conferred on it by Congress,
did not, cr could not, prevent former and similar em-
barrassments ; nor has the still greater strength it has
been said to possess by its present Charter en-
abled it, in the exstinfe emergency, to check
other institutions, or even to save itself. In
G.eat Britain, where it has been seen the same
causes have been attended with the same effects,
a national bank, pos,essing powers far greater than are
asked for by the warmest ailvoca:e of such an institu-
tion hire, has also proved unable to prevent an undue
expansion of credit, and the evils that flow from it."
There is a wide difference between banking and coin-
in:e. That men of capital should, either singly or
associated in companies, afford accommodation to
tr..

rs for a suitable consideretion is all very proper,
and this accommodation will always be afforded. Bet
it is one thing to deal in money and another to make
it. When the same individual is allowed to deal in
mo:rey and to make it, he will be irresistibly' led to
make as much as he can keep in circulation, in order
that his profits may be as large as poseibie. With
respect to the Joint-Stock Banks no one pretends to
justify them. But the Bank of England, it has
been proved, also abused its power of issuing
notes, by acting on principles different from those
which a Board having no other duty than
to attend to the Exchanges would have observed.
The key to this departure fram sound principles
will be found in the pursuits of the directors, mer-
chants having often an interest in keeping up prices,
and in the temptation to make large profits to afford
dividends to the proprietors. To render the existence
of a bank compatible with the public safety, the power
of controlling tire issues should be withdrawn from the
functionaries who manage the banking department.
With the details of banking the public have no con-
cern ; but they have a deep interest in seeing that the
body intrusted with the issues should be so constituted
as to have no temptation to abuse their power.
The President of the United States proposes
to strike a blow at the paper-money 'system. He
says he does not see why the Treasury should re-
quire the aid of banks in collecting or keeping the
public money. " The collection, safe keeping, trans-
fer, and disbursement of the public money can," he
says, " it is believed, he well managed by officers of
the Government. Its collection, and, to a great ex-
tent, its disbursement also, have indeed been hitherto
conducted solely by them, neither national nor state
banks, when employed, being required to do more than
keep it safely while in their custody, and transfer and
pay it in such portions and at such times as the Trea-
sury shall direct. Surely banks are not more able than
the Government to secure the money in their posses-
sion against accident, violence or fraud. The asser-
tion that they are so, must assume that a vault in a
bank is stronger than a vault in the Treasury, and that
directors, cashiers, and clerks, not selected by the Go-
vernment, nor under its control, are more worthy of con-
fidence than officers selected from the people and respon-
sible to the Government—officers bound by official oaths
and bonds for a faithful performance of their duties, and
constantly subject to the supervision of Congress." The
additional expense would not, he thinks, exceed 60,000
dollars a-year. There can be no doubt, if these views
of the President be sanctioned by Congress, that the
circulation must become in a great measure specie.
The constant necessity of having gold and silver to
satisfy the demands of Government will compel all
dealers in notes to be prepared with specie for those
who want it, and will, in fact, throw notes more or less
into discredit. " It may, indeed, be questioned," ob-
serves the President, " whether it is not for the interest
of the banks themselves that the Government should
not receive their paper. They would be conducted
with more caution and on sounder principles. 13y
using specie only in its transactions, tile Govern-
ment would create a demand for it, which would,
to a great extent, prevent its exportation, and,
by keeping it in circulation, maintain a broader
and safer basis for the paper currency. That
the banks would thus be rendered more sound
and the community more safe cannot admit of a
doubt." He thinks the addition to the present em-
barrassment which the determination to receive no
paper will create, must be far more than balanced by
its tendency to prevent a recurrence of the evil. " If
at a moment of simultaneous and unexpected suspen-
sion of the banks it adds something to the many em-
barassments of that proceeding, yet these are far over-
balanced by its direct tendency to produce a wider
circulation of gold and silver, to increase the safety of
bank paper, to improve the general currency, and thus
to prevent altogether such occurrences, and the other
and far greater evils that attend them." While it is
impossible to deny the soundness of this opinion of the
President, on the supposition that Congress acts on his
views, the immediate consequence will, DO doubt, be
much additional embarrassment. It will bring the paper
aystem abruptly to a close. Englishmen will, no doubt,
be materially affected by the result, not merely wi•h
rererence to debts already owing, but with reference to
future transactions. It is quite obvious, that, till the
purification be completed, to give credit to American
traders must be an affair of considerable hazard. In
the mean time the Bank of England, which had been
for some time tolerably liberal in its accommodations,
will be obliged to draw in its horns, till the monetary
reaolution in America he completed. We shall pro-
bably, therefore, hear of a rise in the rate of interest
ere long. The policy recommended by time President
will, however, meet with great opposition. The num-
ber of public bodies and influential individuals whom
it will affect is very great, and they will struggle against
the ruin with which they are threatened. The Presi-
dent has, no doubt, the law on his side ; but a rigorous
enforcement of it will involve the commercial world in
gre,at confusion. In fact, every debtor will find him- I

self burdened with a heavy addition to hi
incuni-
brances, and all property will fall in nominal value. It
is to be hoped the lesson will not be lost-on the people
of this country. There are many persons among us
interested in tampering with the currency, and the
public are but too much disposed to indifference when
the embarrassment caused by over-issues of paper is at
en end. It should, however, be constantly borne in
mind that no man has any security for his property
while that by which all property is measured is liable
to violent fluctuations. The approaches of depre-
ciation are delightful, but the pleasure is always fol-
lowed by an agonizing re-action.—Morning Chronicle.
The Message of the President of the United
States, on the opening of Congress, will be read with
much interest. It is in every respect an important do-
cument. It is only on one topic, namely, the mo-
netary system of the country ; but that topic is,
under the existing circumstances of the United States,
one of incalculable moment. Mr. Van Burcn as-
clibes the late destruction of credit among the mer-
chants to over-speculation ; and this excess of specu-
lation he attributes, in a considerable degree, to the
withdrawal of the Treasury deposits from the United
States Bank, by President Jackson, and placing them
in deposit banks in all parts of the country. The
President dwells in his Message on the unimpaired re-
sources of the country, and assures the foreign cre-
ditors of the merchants, that the ultimate payment of
their claims may be regarded as certain. This is gra-
tifying information, and will go far to restore a good
understanding between this country and the United
States. Mr. Van Buren declares in the most decided
manner against the establishment of a national bank.
His opinions on the subject of a paper currency are
unchanged. There can, however, be little doubt that
the Congress will interpose, to prevent his carrying,
his ultra-metallic views into effect.—Morning Ad-
vertiser.

Our paper of this day contains the message delivered
by the new President of the United States to the Le-
gislature on the 4th inst. The message, which was
brought to this country by, the Roscoe, fell into the
hands of one of our Contemporaries in a manner which
calls for notice, as it will show that we were antici-
pated not through any defect in our arrangements, but
by a circumstance over which we could not exercise
any control. It appears that before the vessel arrived
in port three of the passengers were landed at the Old
Head of Kinsale, on Monday. One of these passen-
gers (a hairdresser, we understand) was intrusted by
the captain with a letter for the consignees, and a par-
cel. containing the President's message, to he delivered
with the letter. This person arrived in Liverpool on
Thursday morning, but, instead of delivering the letter,
he sent it by post, and, instead of delivering the parcel,
he yielded to the soft persuasion of one of the agents
of a Morning Contemporary, and gave the parcel to his;.
Rumour states that the hairdresser had no less than 50
weighty reasons for this preference of the newspaper
agent to the captain's consignee. Great inconvenience
was experienced by the commercial people of Liverpool
from the delay which took place, ia consequence of the
above transaetion in placing such an important docu-
ment before the pithlic. But the hairdresser was too
much of a diplomatist to be over-communicative, and
his honour being satisfied, he left matters to take
came of themselves. The new President's speech-is,
like those of his predecessors in the chair, a long
and laboured production. It is limited to one topic,
the late commercial distress ; but, though the topic
is single, it is beaten out to the leav,th and breadth
of a whole newspaper page, so that, however the
President may have dealt with the commercial in-
terests of his country, he has been, like Sir Peter
Teazle, no niggard of his advice. The epeech, we
understand, has afforded but little satisfaction to
the commercial body. Their expectation of some sub-
stantial measure, or at least of some practical suages-
tion for the relief of their debtors in the United States,
has been answered by vague theories, and, what is
still worse, by an avowed devotion on the part of the
first executive officer to the principle of a metallic cur-
rency in all its rigour. To enter into anything like a
review of this speech would enp,age us in all the diffi-
culties and perplexities of the moire tart' question. To
give au abstract of its opinions and arguments would be
a useless task, for those who feel an interest in the
subject will he satisfied with nothing short of the ori-
ginal, and those who do not feel such interest can
never be inveigled into the labyrinth under the pre-
tence of a short walk or an early extivation. The Pre-
sident aseures the creditors of his countrymen that
their demands trill be liquidated in time. This may
be satisfactory to some of the parties ; it may he, and
no doubt it is, to a certain extent, true. But the same
parties would much rather see their way to some dis-
tinct arrangement for the purpose, than depend upon
such general assurances as the purity of American
honour, and the extent of American resources. Ogre
of the curious facts communicated in the speech is the
disappearance of the surplus revenue. All the diffi-
culties about its disposal are, therefore, at an end. So,
we suppose, will be the boastings to which its exist-
ence gave rise upon both sides of the Atlantic. On
their first trial of strength, the appointment of a
speaker, the Van Buren party had a majority of 16.
We conclude by referring to the speech itself for those
particulars which commercial men will read with no
small portion of anxiety at the present time, and under
the peculiar circumstances which operate upon time two
countries at the present moment.—Morning Herald.
The Speech of the American President • on the
opening of an Extraordinary Session of Congress,
convened expressly to consider the pecuniary embar-
rassments in which the mercantile interests of the
United States have been involved, has been expected
in this country with an anxiety proportioned to the
degree in which the commercial and pecuniary affairs
of Great Britain are blended with those of the Ameri-
can Union. This document has at length arrived, and
we submit it without abridgment to the perusal of our
commercial readers. The first observation which we
are tempted to make upon this addresa is one in which
the great majority of its readers, we apprehend, will
concur, viz., that we wish it had been shorter. It is
very long indeed, and, what is a still greater fault, it
contains very little that anybody, in this country at
least, wanted to hear. Nor do we think that it
can have been either agreeable or useful to the people
•f the United States, at a season of extraordinary
emergency, requiring, as was supposed, extraordi-
nary remedies, that tile Chief Magistrate should
hare opened a Session of Congress, held for the
exclusive purpose of adopting such measures as
the immediate crisis might seem to demand, with a
Message consisting of little else than an awful array
of common-place arguments, in support of propositions
so fla' liable to dispute as the following. viz.,—That
the excessive issue of paper-money has been one of
the main causes of the late derangement in the com-
mercial affairs of America ; that the Government of a
commercial country should not encourage such exces-
sive issues ; and that justice and policy equally forbid
the Government of the United States to assist the cir-
culation among its subjects of a paper currency not
convertible into specie at the will of the holder. If,
however, the elaborate arguments by which Mr. Van
Buren has thought it necessary to establish these seve-
ral propositions were expunged, it is quite certain that
his lengthy Message would be brought within a com-
pass not much exceeding the ordinary dimensions of a
King's Speech. The single practical suggestion
adapted to the actual emergency to be found in
this voluminous document is that, with the
authority of Congress, the indulgence already
°ranted by the Executive, as to the payment of
bonds for duties, may be advantageously extended.
The single suggestion of ulterior and permanent
policy to which, so far as we can collect from this
Message, the recent crisis has given rise in the mind of
the American President is, that the Government of
the United States shall renounce, henceforth and for
ever, all connection with banks of any description,
whether general or local—receive its. revenue and dis-
burse its expenditure throuah the hands of its oaai offi-
cers, without any in'erinediate agency—and become,
in a word, its own banker. It may naturally excite
some surprise that the narrative which the President
gives of the circumstances which preceded the late
crisis, and contributed to its production, should not
have suggested to his rdnd considerable doubts as to
the expediency or even the practicability of the finan-
cial system which lie so strenuously recommends.
When we are told of the accumulation of a surplus

revenue at the disposal of the Federal Government,
of the distribution of this fund among ♦arious local
banks in different sections of the Union, and of its
having become the basis of numerous and excessive
issues of paper-money, the question naturally occurs
what could Government have done with this accu-
mulation had it been at that period its own banker?
Could it with any regard to the prosperity of the
country have been kept locked up in the cellars of
the State in the useless form of gold and silver ? IVIr.
Van Buren in various passages of his essay seems to
sanction this notion, although we can hardly bring
ourselves to believe that he seriously entertains it. It
is certain, however, whatever may be the opinion of
Mr. Van Buren, that no commercial community would
willingly permit its Government to act permanently
upon the system of hoarding up the precious metals
in a manner and to an extent calculated, as it would
recently have been in America, to restrict antl impo-
verish the currency of the country, to check its in-
dustry, and to paralyze its energies. A State might,
without much injury or inconvenience, be its own
banker, if its receipts and disbursements could be so
nicely adjusted that from day to day, or from. week to
week, they should constantly balance each other.
But this constant equality in the influx and efflux of
public money is attainable nowhere, and least of all
is it attainable in the United States, as Mr. Van
Buren's own statement conclusively proves. All the
argument of the President upon this part of the
subject applies to a state of things which may exist at
the present moment, the receipts of the Government
being barely sufficient to meet its expenditure from day
to day. But this it is quite plain cannot be regarded
as the natural or permanent state of affairs in the
United States. The President seems to be terrified
beyond measure at the idea of a national bank. He
holds that such an institution must, if it exist at all,
overrule every other power in the State. " The re-
establishment of such a bank in any form, whilst it
would not accomplish the benefit. ial purpose promised
by its advocates, would impair the rightful supremacy
of the popular will, injure the character and diminish
the influence of our political system, and bring once
more into existence a concentrated monied power hos-
tile to the spirit and threatening the permanency of
our republican institutions." If this be not an exag-
gerated picture of the danger to which the Republi-
can institutions of America would be exposed by' a na-
tional bank, all we can say is, that these institutions
must possesi much less inh,2rent strength than the sub-
jects of the European monarchies have hitherto been
permitted to believe.—Morning Post.

Yesterday afternoon the following dreadful accident
occurred to a workman of the name of John Norton, in the
employ of Messrs. Bloomfield and Co., wholes de cutlers,
Charles-street, Drury-lane. The unfortunate min was en-
gaged grinding some cutlery on an immense grindstone,
which revolved with great velocity (being worked by a steam
engine), when by some accident it broke, and the poor fellow
was thrown on it. His face and head were dreadfully in-
jured, nearly every tooth in his mouth dashed out, and his
bend tr_letured. He was conveyed to Bartholomew's Hos-
pital in a deplorable condition.

The Rev. Dr. Warneford has presented to the
School of Medicine and Surgery of this town the magnifi-
cent donation of 1,000/., the interest or dividends of which
to be awarded annually to the best essay, by a medical or
surgical pupil of the Institution, " On the attributes of
God, as revealed in the Holy Scriptures, and manifested
in the structure of man, from demonstrations of surgical
and medical science, and on religion being the best founda-
tion of medical and J rgieal practice, and affording the best
prospects of professional success." To be d.:cided by the
Rev. Chancellor Law.—Birmingham Advertiser.

The third anniversary of the supporters of the
" Animala' Friend Society" (not the Society usually called
the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals),
took place at the Old Town•liall, Dover, last Friday, which
was well attended ; Edward Knocker, Esq , in the Chair,
who ably advocated the cause. He regarded this society
as one of those tributary streams which flow into the great
ocean of philanthrophy. James Yewen, the Agent, de-
scribed the good the society had effected, which gate great
satisfaction to the meeting. The itev. Mr. Cresswell also
eloquently addressed it. He adverted to the numerous
branches of the Society, and forcibly appealed to thu libe-
rality of the public fur pecuniary support.
The late Dowager Countess of Guildford, who ex-
pired at Hi;liciere House, the seat of the Earl of Car
narvon, on Monday last, was the daughter of the late Mr.
Cnutts, the banker, and step-daughter of the late Duchess
of St. Albans. Her Ladyship was married to George
Augustus, third Earl of Guildford, Feb. 3, 1796, and had
issue Lady Susan North, married to Capt. John Sidney
Doyle, Lady Georgiana North, who died in 1835, in her
36th year, end Frederick Lord North, who died an infant.

. •
A vacancy in the number of her Majesty's Lords in
Waiting has occurred by the demise of Lord Templemore.
The deceased Nobleman, at tho time of his elevation to
the Peerage, was Military Secretary to Sir Hussey Vivian,
at that time Commander of the Forces in Ireland. The
present Lord, late the Hon. Henry Spencer Chichester,
is in his 17th year.

About half-past twelve vesterdav morning a fire
broke out in the upper part of Mr. Benjamin Jones's
grocery shop, 97, Gos►vell-street. It was discovered by one
of the inmates, who instantly gave the alarm ; but notwith-
standing the speedy arrival of the engines from Whitccross-
street station, and an abundant supply of water, before the
flames were got under the building was greatly damaged,
and property to a considerable amount consumed. Mr.
Jones, in endeavouring to stop the progress of the fire, was
severely burnt about the face and arms.

The Temps, a Ministerial journal, contains some
explanations on the subject of Count Gonfalonieri. It
states that this nobleman owed the commutation of his
sentence of death into imprisonment, only to the exceed-
ingly pressing entreaties of the present King and Queen
of the French, at that time Duke and Duchess of Or-
leans. On the accession of the present Emperor of Aus-
tria to the throne, King Kouis Philip renewed his entrea-
ties, and obtained the entire liberation of the Count, on
a promise that he should never reside in France. The
day of his departure from France has been left to the Count
himself to fix ; and, hard as his destiny is, he ought to
remember that not only his own, but the King's word, is
engaged, and that the paint of honour must be satisfied.
This journal adds, that it is greatly to be hoped that the
Emperor of Austria will relax his rigorous system of exclu-
sion, but that the permission to reside in France or in Eu-
rope can proceed from him alone.
The Gazette de Basle of the 21st inst. states that
the Government of Hanover has sent a despatch to the
Swiss Directory, announcing that incendiary proclamations
have been sent to a great many of the people of Hanover,
from Switzerland, accompanied by anonymous letters,
bearing the Swiss post-marks, of dates between the 3d and
Bth of August. Of these eleven have the stamp of the
post-dice at Basle, five of that of Lucerne, one from
Zurich, and another partially effaced, but believed to be that
of Berne. There are said to be two others from Lorraeh,
in the Duchy of Baden. The Hanoverian Government
calls upon that of Switzerland to use its utmost endeavours
to discover the authors of these proclamations and letters.
In the Swiss Diet, on the 18th instant, a vote was passed
inviting the canton of Argau to withdraw its decree placing
the administration of conventual property under the direc-
tion of the state.

Letters have been received from Dongola, in Nubia,
announcing the arrival there in the month of May last, of
Prince Puckler Muskau, in perfect health. After a stay
of eight days he had proceeded to Cartun, which is go-
verned by an independent Pacha. A party of Austrian
mineralogists were travelling through the same country, at
the expense of tbo Viceroy of Egypt, in search of gold
mines. Dongola is a city of 8,000 inhabitants, and at pre-
sent under the authority of the Viceroy, who keeps a regi-
ment of infantry there, the staff of a regiment of cavalry,
and a hospital, to which are attached a German physician
and a French apothecary. These two gentlemen are the
only resident Europeans in this remote part of the world,
and their sole amusement appears to be to go out in an
evening, crocodile shooting with the Turkish officers. The
inhabitants are described to be wretchedly poor, and the
country, except in the immediate vicinity of the Nil?, bar-
ren and unproductive. The climate is healthy, tliongh the
theimoineter in the shade stands frequently at 34 degree:
Re itunur. Rain never falls dui n; the whole s.uaamer.

On Wednesday morning, &mut half-past one, the
inhabitants of Bradford were again alarmed by the cry of
" Fire," when a number of persons hastening to the mill
occupied by Mr. Andrews discovered that the old farm-
house near the mill had taken fire, and was burdng with
uncontrollable fury ; and we are sorry to add, that, not-
withstanding every possible exertion was made to arrest the
progress of the flame:, the entire building was destroyed.
The lire having originated in the stable, there seems to be
little doubt that this is a repetition of the fearful system
which for a long time has been carried on in Bradford.

Early in the present month the Rev. Mr. Musters
shot in Annesley Park, near Nottingham, a hare which was
entirely black. This is considered a remarkable sporting
incident. Black hares arc nearly as scarce as black swans.
The prz: of the Rev. G,2ntleinan has been carefully stuffed,
and it now adorns Cohvick Hall.

FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE.

WHITEHALL, SKr?. 25.
The Queen has been pleased to direct lett..rs patent to be
!mused under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, granting to Sir John D• Vealle, the office
of Bailiff of the Island of Jersey.

WAR-OFFICE, SEPT. 29.

11 Regiment of Dragoon Guards—Cornet and Adjutant F.
Haviland to have the rank of Lieutenant, Sept. 29.
13th Regiment of Light Dragoons—Lieut. W. Cathrey, from
the I Ith Light Dragoons, to be Lieutenant, without purchase,
vice Ridge, promoted, Sept. 29.
34th Foot—Lieut. J. S. Norris to be Captain, by purchase, vice
Brevet Major Fraser, who retires; Ensign F. Duff to be Lieute-
nant, by purchase, vice Norris ; Gentleman Cadet F. C. Harvey,
from the Royal Military College, to be Ensign, by purchase, vice
Duff, Sept. 29.
61st Foot—Ensign F. J. Stephens to be Lieutenant, without pur-
chase, vice Harkness, deceased, May 24 ; Gentleman Cadet W. R.
Browne, from the Royal Military College, to be Ensign, vice Ste-
phens, Sept. 29.
63d Foot—Captain H. Croly, from the half-pay Unattached, to
be Captain, vice Lane, appointed Paymaster ; Captain R. Lane, to
be Paymaster, vice Foster, appointed Paymaster of a Recruiting
District, Sept. 29.
93d Foot—Lieutenant W. B. Ainslie to bo Captain, by purchase,
vice Blaehford, who retires; Ensign A. Agnew to be Lieutenant,
by purchase, vice Ainslie ; Edward H. Blair, Gent., to be Ensign,
by purchase, vice Agnew, Sept. 29.
99th Foot.—Lieut. J. Fowle, from the half-pay of the York
Rangers, to be Lieutenant, repaying the difference he received,
vice Armstrong, promoted, Sept. 29.
UNATTACHED.

To be Captains, without pnrchase.—Lieut. J. Armstrong, from
the 99th Regiment of Foot; Lieut. R. S. Ridge, from the 13th
Light Dragoons, Sept. 29.