The Sun.
London, England, 1863-05-08 00:00:00

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NEW NOVEL BY THE HON. C. S. SAVILE.
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
CE CI L BEAUMONT,
By the Hon. C. S. SAVILE.
Also now ready, in 3 vols.,
TRUE AS STEEL. By WALTER THORNBURY.
Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

Naval and Military Intelligence.

Nov ready at all the Libraries, in 2 vols., 215.,
LIFE ANI ONG CONVICTS,
I y the Rev. C. B. GIBSON, M.R.1.A.,

Chapl iin in the Convict Service.
"All concerned in that momentoPs question, the treat-
ment of our convicts. may peruse with interest and benefit
the very valuable information and the very useful su,4ges-
tions laid before them by Mr. Gibson in the most pleasant
and lucid manner possible."—Sun.
Hurst and B'ackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

This day, Crown Octavo, price
THE CO VI MoN-PLACE PHILOSOPHER
IN ' TOWN AND COUN TRY: a Selection
the COntrinutions of A.K.1J.8. to Fraser's Alag“zme ; with
other Occasional Essays.
London : Parker, Son, and Bourn, West Strand.

MRS. EDWIN JAMES'S NEW WORK.
WANDERINGS OF A BEAUTY.
By Mrs. EDWIN JAMES. One Shilling.
Routledge, Wdrne, and Routledge, Farringdon-street.

This Day, crown Bro., cloth, price 65 ,
WHAT IS FAITH ? A R,piy to Di. Baylef's
Challenge to Dr Colenzo. A Letter addressed to
the Rev. Joseph Baylee, D.D., mot. Aid in's College, and to
all Theol glans and D.v.nes, Roman Catholic as weil as
Protest,int. By A. 8., a Layman.
Thi- letter raises a new and startling question, namely.
whether Revealed Truth is indeed incomprehensible, and
whether (iod ever expected men to baieye without uneer-
standing. The author maintains that it is a downright
ab,urdity to say that Truth of any kind natural or revealed,
is incomprehensible; that Truth is to the understanding
exactly what light is to the eye, :•nd that Revealed Truth in
Particular is so simple and easy that it was understood by
illiterate fishermen, and is revealed to children and babes,
and is only hidden from the wise and learned, in whom ore-
coi.c:lved ideals and prejudices hinder the perception of
truth.
London : Printed and Published tor the Author by Robert
Hard icke, 192, Yiccaddly.

AN OFFERING TO LANCASHIRE.
Jest published, price as.,
SOMETHINu NEW ; or, I ALFS FOR THE TIMES.
Edited by EUS rAcE W. JACOB, late Capt. 99(h Regt.
" A Small collection of amusibgetories."—Coibum s United
Service Gazelle.
"A charming s'ory book."—Naval and Military Gazette.
Emily Faitlifull, 83 a, Farringdon-street

IN FUN This Week—One Penny—James
Stansfeld, Esq , M.P.--The Liverpool Spies—Honest
Abe's Rudder, &c., &c.

to secure a firm footing after the leap, and fioun
dered up to their waists in the water. They, how

superintendence of Mr. Anderson. They are to be
rifled on various systems for a course of experiments
by the Ordnance Sect Committee of Woolwich

Arsenal, at Shoeburyness.

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ball last night in the commodious mess-room at the
Marine Barracks, which was very handsomely de.
corated for the occasion. The band of the division
led by Herr Kappy, the conductor, was in atten-
dance. Among the company was Major-Genera]
Stransham, the Inspector-Gan. of Royal Marines,
together with the principal naval and military offi•
cers of the port and garrison.
The 7th brigade of Royal Garrison Artillery, sta-
tioned at Gosport, were officially inspected yester
day, on Haslar-common, by Major-Gen. Lord W.
Paulett, U. 8., the general officer in command of the
south-west district. His lordship was attended
during his inspection by Col. Warde, C. 8., com-
manding the Royal Artillery in the south-west dis •
trio; Col. E. Somerset, C.B„ Deputy-Assistant
Quartermaster-General; Col. Thackvvell, Deputy-
Assist.-Adjutant- Gen. ; and Town-major E. Breton.
The annual fete at the Royal Military Academy
at Woolwich came off yesterday in the grounds
fronting the Academy. It was calculated that no
fewer than 6,000 or 8,000 persons attended. The
weather was exceedingly favourable for outdoor
amusements, and the select party admitted within
the private enclosure completely filled the portion of
the grounds allotted for the visitors. The sports
commenced at half-past 10, and continued, with an
interval of about an hour for dinner, until half-past
six. Hurdles had been planted, ditches dug, em
bankments raised, and furze bushes stuck in the
ground to represent a rugged piece of country. The
sports in the early part of the day consisted of
throwing the cricket-ball, foot-racing in couples,
running on three legs, jumping, throwing a half
wfencing,single-stick playing, &c. After dinner
there was running wide jump, hurdle racing, sack
racing, leaping with poles, and finally the steeple-
chase, which commenced at 5 o'clock. The course
was 600 yards in length, over a five-foot hedge and
a brook filled with four feet of water. There were
30 competitors in this race, each distinguished by a
oarty-coloured sash and cap, and lightly dressed.
Prince Arthur, accompanied by Major Eiphinstone,
having previously inspected the Royal Marine
Barracks and Infirmary, was present at the steeple-
chase. The spectators appeared to be highly

amused as some of the less fortunate runners failed

ever, soon recovered themselves and joined their

companions in terminating the chose, at which they
were loudly cheered. The sports concluded with a
consolation race.

Yesterday, for the first time, there was put in
operation at the Royal gun factories at Woolwich a
new description of apparatus for tempering steel
tubes to form the inside of rifled cannon. From
the strain and friction in the guns iron is found
to fail rapidly, and hitherto it has only been em-
ployed on account of its non-liabilty to burst when
fired. Recent improvements in the manufacture
will now permit steel to be substituted. Experi-
ments are now being carried out to ascertain whe-
(her that material possesses the necessary toughness
to prevent it from breaking.
A number of experimental guns are now being
constructed in the Royal gun factories, under the

shares with the native of Huadosten and Persia.
But even among the fugitive slaves at the North
there is such a general consciousness of the aversion
in which they are held by the white man, such suf-
fering from the Arctic cold of northern winters, that
it is universally believed 90 per cent. of the pure
unadulterated Africans in the North and Canada
would transfer themselves again to the sunny South
if free transportation and liberty to avail themselves
of it were extended to them to-morrow. There is
something saddening, I might almost say appalling,
in the thought that in the British Parliament, and
upon every public platform in England, a speaker
has only to express gratification that, es one result
of this afflicting war, 100,000 negroes have burst
their bonds, in order to insure from his audience
rapturous applause. If it were intimated in this
country that the 900 violent deaths which annually
occur in the collieries of England were at one jump
increased to 90,000, and if this intimation were here
received with satisfaction and applause, there would
be some analogy between the two cases. It is in
vain for me to seek, by the use of any language at
my command, to convey to these English enthusi-
asts a true description of the condition of those ran-
somed Africans, for whom, in English eyes, the
possession of freedom is meat, drink, clothing, shel
ter, life, and happiness. It is to be hoped that from
some impartial spectator of their condition, writing
from the North, the truth, neither extenuated nor
set down in malice, may reach the eye of England.
Meanwhile, from hundreds of similar reports, many
of them far more nervous and graphic in language,
I cull the following description, emanating from a
gentleman of high character and position, who has
contributed it to the columns of the Rwhinond
Examiner :
" The destitution and suffering of the contrabands
at Washington exceed belief. They are huddled
together in Swampoodle,' a low and marshy situa-
tion off the city, and are in the most abject and
squalid poverty. They are kept apart by themselves,
and no one takes the least interest in them—a cha-
racteristic commentary on the hypocrisy of the
Harriet Beecher school. There is the greatest des-
titution among them ; many of them are half-naked,
and the poor creatures are being swept off by disease
and sickness, dying at the rate of 20 or 30 a-day.
Their condition is truly pitiable; hundreds of them
pine to come back to their old masters. If an op-
portunity were offered, gladly would they return to
servitude in a body, so thoroughly disgusted are
they with the taste of Northern freedom. No one
will give them work; all they do is to bask in the
sun or loiter along the streets, their clothes in tat-
ters, their persons more ragged than any cornfield
negro in Virginia. Their forlorn and destitute con-
dition is in striking contrast with their blithe and
happy faces when here in their comfortable cabins,
and their sorrow-stricken countenances strike pity
to the stoutest heart, not warped by the prejuaice
and madness of abolition."
And it is into such a galere as this that England
pants to see, not 100,000, but 4,000,000 helpless,
dependent beings forced to enter. If to the above
description I were to add the narratives which have
reached me of scenes at Craney Island and Cairo—far
too revolting to be printed anywhere, unless as a sup-
plement to Dante's Inferno"—some conception of
the emancipated negro, as found at present in the
Northern States, might be conveyed to England.
But if it is imagined in England that the loudest of
Exeter-hall utterances—that the universal diatribes
of Europe against African slavery, will induce six
million intelligent, and, upon the whole, humane
Caucasians to turn four million canaries out of their
cages, and set tnem adrift in such woods as Wash-
ington and Craney Island, then it is high time that
England should be undeceived. What has England
recently done to abate this sum of all villanies—
, negro slavery ? This answer is Lord Mecaulaye,
"She has brayed." What has she done to encourage
it ? For years and years she has imported not less
than £50,000,000 worth of slave.grown raw material.
How will our record read when it is set down that,
having introduced upon this continent the African
slave, and having largely profited by him, we regis-
tered undying hatred against slavery when this con-
tinent had passed from our possession, but illus
trated that hatred by subsidising the slave-owner
at the rate of £50,000,000 a year ?
It is a solemn thing to cry aloud for Abolition
and spare not; for, disguise it as you may, the
abolition of slavery means the extermination of the
black race on the continent of North America. I
pass from the contemplation of such a possibility as
the deportation of the blacks to Africa, or else-
where, by reason of its manifest impossibiiity. Be-
tween 1820 and 1856 the American Colonisation
Society sent to Liberia 9,502 persons ; in the same
period the increase in the slave population of the
old Union was 1,999,527 souls. In the words of
Professor Cairres, " The deportation of slaves would
require a new Moses and new miracles." To
emancipate the negroes without deportation has
always, to the must fanatical Abolitionist, ap-
peered such extravagance of cruelty that never,
until it pleased President Lincoln to put forth his
recent proclamation as a war necessity, was such
an atrocity contemplated. The result of such a
proclamation, could effect be universally given to
it, may be studied at Cairo and Craney Island.
That such results should enlist the sympathies of
England, that they should be demanded in tem-
pestuous accents by great concourses of people,
proves little else than that the English people, justly
detesting the abstraction of slavery, know nothing
of the disposition, temperament, or circumstances
of the African slave as seen on the continent of
North America. For years, and decades of years,
a solution of the difficulties of this mighty question
has been sought by the whole civilised world.
Has any approximation to a solution been hitherto
found Will any solution arise from the stormy
addresses of Exeter-hall orators ? It is worse than
childishness to strive to beat down by clamour
what we are unable to abate by reason, judgment,
or philosophy.
Ought England, in her detestation of slavery, to
desire the restoration of the Union or not ? Ought
she to side with President Lincoln or President
Davis ? Do those who so vituperate and clamour
against Mr. Davis heartily desire that slavery
should be abolished; r is it their wish, because
Boston and New York have flattered their literary
vanity, that the Union should arise from its ashes'
to please Boston and New York? It seemstiotons
is
that the answer to the former of the3sfer
very clear; to the latter I leave:-cillue"
n d does any
reply. If by any conceivable possibilityottipsse
resur-
rection of the Union could be C
prop-
be eagerly
of the South
theghestoand security
one doubt that every
in
at
et t
ra ch and
nsp
ncflaooannnhaegetouzd. imaginablepcaeaegd.l s forwiwa vtoehu-iad driverviewb
Emancipationists t making
i n
impregnable against all fuetruerebet
could describe
Uidotbnhlic beleinegighint
,srwlhehevirecerhye enthusiasticallytmh ns,t
ft
rhoem t restorationhe establishment
lUnoe
of
oan
Re
foelripset
and based upon slavery ? Such is my hone
d
slaveholding States through which 1 havhitherto
viction and belief. o
f t
oh st
con
ihn
thetheaxtistthinerosayrse.
passed has it ever been
blemishestge rmi e grievous
l as
vpbeoert
been
h. and
E ve blemishesryw Everywhere
•
thesegrow eposth of andth e
excused aseretheallo'eut
defensive attitude the South which New England has forced
to assume. Leave these States face to
f
ace. with their own
to peculiar institution ; aid them
modify and abate it where modification and abate-
meet are possible;
jeers ; let there be no more taunts and
let it be ascertained whether the alleged
practice of breeding slaves in Virginia and else-
where and selling them in the South be true or
false, and if true let it be frowned down by the
moral sense of the world ; let the hand extended to
help them in wrestling with slavery be the hand
neither of Puritan nor Pharisee but of an equal and
a brother, and trust the rest to Providence.
In Lily recent letter of the 17th, when describing

Two days later the advance, which was suffi-
ciently difficult upon the 17th inst., would have been
'otally impracticable. Early on the morning of the
19th snow began steadily to descend, and before
night the heaviest layer of snow which I have vet
seen in the South had carpeted the ground. Since
then we have had warm weather and rain, and the
consequent condition of the Virginian roads may
be easily conceived. Operations on a large scale for
either General Lee or General Hooker are simply
impossible for at least three weeks, or, more pro-
bably, for a month to come. What are the indica-
tions of the movements intended when locomotion
of large bodies of men in Virginia is possible ? Of
course, the answer can on:y be guesswork. I do not
believe that Gen. Hooker has much n ore, if any
more, than 100,000 men. Of Gen. Lee's strength
it is not necessary that I should say more than that
ne and his army are in my opinion very formidable.
A great deal is said about Hooker's intentions of
advancing by Kelly's Ford, or Port Royal, or over
the ground which Gen. Burnsidt's army soaked
with rivers of blood little more than three months
ago. My own opinion inclines to the belief that,
if by constantly threatening to advance, Hooker
could hold in check and neutralise for some months
Gee. Lee and his fine army, the authorities at
Washington would be abundantly satisfied.
Passing from General Hooker's army to General
Jchnston's, we have cheering reports of the health,
vigour, and confidence of the army of the latter.
But just as our hopes of a battleon that line (which
I have described as stretching from Shelbyville to
Manchester, along what are called the Normandy
Hills) were becoming confident, expectation is
baffled by the retreat of General Rosecrans and his
army. What may be the explanation of this move
—whether it is merely a feint to draw General
Johnston away from his strong line; whether it
indicates unexpected and unhoped-for demoralisa-
tion of the Yankee troops; or whether, as seems
generally imagined, it points to a junction between
the forces of Rosecrans and those in front of Vicks-
burg, it seems idle to speculate. From Vicks-
burg and Port Hudson the reports are still most
encouraging. In the Yazoo PASS, after two
y: Lnieasttvnreeol felt 17°1
feeble attacks upon Fort Pemberton, the whole
Yankee squadron has been compelled to put about
and make the best of its way to the rear. Some hopes
are entertained of damaging the expedition by ob-
structions to be placed in the Coldwater or 'Talla-
hatchie, but I have little faith in their success.
Vicksburg still stands defiantly over the river ; the
canal is daily less believed in, the flooded and
swollen river is wreaking its vengeance upon the
trespassers on its banks; the prospects of Vicks-
burg's invaders, especially as the hot weather ap-
proaches, grow less and less encouraging. Port
Hudson has already once been attacked; it is
known that a large Federal frigate, the Mississippi,
was sunk in the muddy waters of the river from
which it takes its name; that the most glaring dis-
affection exists among the land forces of General
Banks ; that a confidence springing out of the
recent repulse of Flag-officer Farragut's attack has
taken possession of Port Hudson's defenders, and
taught them, if possible, to surpass the fame of
Vicksburg.
If the eye is lifted from the opposing hosts at
Fredericksburg and carried westward along the line
of the Confederate defence—a line that stretches
thousands of miles over mountain, river, lake,
swamp, bayou, forest, prairie, and heath, till, start-
ing from the pinewoods of the Rappahannock, it
lands us among the palms and magnolias of Galves-
ton, there is no point where a firmer attitude of de-
fence, a more solid state of preparation, is not worn
and evinced by the Confederate hosts of 1863 than
t
was ever by them exhibited since the first drarntness,
to arms. Still, there is a seriousness and earnestness,
as to be
as we tremble upon the brink of what
when, in
that
the bloodiest campaign of the bledeaiebsltePirtmotif
history, which is
t'hietire is a
w and wamisioibde modern
hrennl
The subjugation
throughout the
of tte South was never a probability .
they
ye
betokenne ver befweraenotgboesfneer
confidence.rvael dl
manifested by 23 months of bitterest strife to be the
length and breadth of the land there is s
/cry for rivers of fresh blood—when
house where there is not one deLd wh
of itltdieesht 6oc
af chimeras.tom bv of dead e ad But
whoit
lives which can never be replaced spite
scarcely a
en valuable
every hamlet, city, and State_ , have fallen in
like Major Pelham, but also wuen not only men
and studious, such as Professormature men, learned
Arnold, as he was Coleman (the Dr.
have yielded their reputed, of this continent),
that this is nos by hundreds—it is felt
moment for thoughtlessness and
levity. Another thought is continually finding
expression—it is that the two sections do not
fight on level ground. The North is flooding her
armies with recruits who are three-fourths of them
foreigners, many of them taken from the emigrant
ships at Castle Garden ; the South is sending into
the field the very lifeblood of her body politic. It
may be that the civilised Powers of Europe, stand-
ing as they do upon a higher level than it is possible
that I can occupy, may see no hope of successful
moral interference. But if they could only witness
the misery which is, from every acre of this"tonld
favoured continent, crying aloud to Heaven,c,llan ce of
scarcely be but that they would risk
tine,
b outraged
failure rather than permit humanity
anguish He has
by a continuance of such excess of
first
leaped from
visited no nation since the sword
its scabbard, and the human heart was first sown
with the bitter seed of vindictiveness and hate.

[ADvEnTisEmENT.J—Hollowny's Ointment and IPills.
Indisputable remedies for old wopnds. dozes anelnlcers,--If
used according to directions given with them, there is no
wound or ulcerous-sore, however obstinate or long stand_
ing, but will yield to their healing and curative properties.
Numbers of persons who have been patients in several of
For glundular
the largo hospitals, and under the care of eminent Burgeons,
without deriving. the slightest benefit, have been thorough
cured by Holloway's ointment .ind pills.
swellines, tumours, scurvy, and diseases of al
is no medicine that can be used with 80 good an siiil3 there
seare iriatib—lee , ere
tact, in the worst forms a disea:ea. in
dition of the blood these medicines dependent• upon the con=