The Sun.
London, England, 1863-08-06 00:00:00

-..4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

No. 22,186.

grazing fields by the side of the railway. There
seems to be no doubt that the bullock jumped or
climbed over this fence, as bullocks will do, espe-
cially in hot weather, and where the water supply
is scanty. The line was cleared for the usual traffic
on Tuesday, and it has not been found that the per-
manent way has been at all injured.
Mrs. Laird has revived considerably, and there
are hopes now of her recovery. It will be seen from
the evidence of Mr. Billing bow capriciously, as it
seems, death seized upon its unfortunate victims.
Mr. Billing, Mr!. Billing, and others were in the
sitne compartment of the same carriage in which
and while their friends met an instantaneous death,
M
scarcely a scratch. The injured persons ped
are with
all
doing exceedingly well.
'AI:.
LairaMiss P llmer, and the other victims were,
—..---------,...............
and Mrs. Billing and Miss Billing esca

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355.,
THE WANDERER in WESTERN FRANCE.
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Now ready at all the Libraries, in 2 vols., Bvo.,
ir ORD WILLIAM LENNOX'S FIFTY
JIA YEARS' BIOGRAPHICAL REMINISCENCES.

Proclamation by the National Government

" Lord W illiam Lennox has been connected with almost
all the most noted persons of rank, fashion, and celebrity for
the last half century, and there are few men whose experience
oZ lite has given them so large and varied a store of anecdotes
as that of which Lord William gives us specimens in these
pleasant and amusing volumes, which will be welcome to
all."— Herald.

WARSAW, August 1.
The following is the text of the proclamation of
the National Government to the Polish nation, which
has already been anncunced by telegraph
" WARSAW, July 31.
" Six months ago the conspiracy (which was the
expressionn ymilitary
of the
wisheso
resources,f t
out
abut
w shtorloeung nation), with
fled the holiness of its objects, and in the face of the
fresh projects which menaced the existence of
Poland, raised the banner of insurrection and forti-
b lt ihe
it with noble zeal on the field already soaked
with the blood of so many generations. The insur-
rection expressed the will of the nation, and carried
out the principles which would lead Poland to Vic-
tßanetploononnaaoruteycol
ureakos.rgxnnidnaiyeddlerEri he country understood them, and, great and
powerful as it is, placed itself under the banner of
ttawvbothni
huadiiadatsote
shtsdapet
first
asfartof,
placed
placedr
beganineodoe of
not only
disastersl
nuaaaoanstnonsdthoilnl
yteynueifind2 nitiede2coi independent
aygpenouohe dfun
circumstances
with
endurancedt
jwnsheat
ofeannatuantulkadena
nPneoi
January
deyocrosilodssluausonurus
patience,
discourage
heai
neaAi
likehtdd
and
Whateverlong
influencefor
vaendonnaursr,yitonisfailuresmight
an d throw it
t h o certaino contest
nt thats tto
thisw cdoauyl d
onlyb e
thnuasnded confidence in our own strength, by
mightvh iyctuonr
unlimited sacrifices, by the courage and discipline
of oar soldiers and the virtues of our citizens. In
this confidence lies the secret of the insurrection.
This confidence is security for Poland's certain
triumph, and shows to the nation her relation to
the Government and her position with regard to
Europe. Europe does not sufficiently understand
our sufferings, and does not know our zeal and the
inexhaustible means we have at our disposal.
" The National Government gives Europe free-
dom to take part in our cause agreeably to ruling
interests and political passions. But whilst she
stands at the rudder of the insurrection, and there-
fore at the head of the national idea, she must firmly
reject all that could dishonour the holy flag of in-
dependence. She must remain deaf to all who de-
mand the cessation of hostilities before the attain-
ment of our object, namely, the reestablishment of
Poland in the limits of 1772. To accept the inde-
pendence of one Polish province, and leave the rest
as the spoil of the enemy, would be togainsay our
historical rights—to blot out from history an ex-
istence of one thousand years, and to deny our name
by committing fratricide. No! Poland has not
risen again to be again laid in the grave by Europe.
There can be no Poland without Lithuania and all
Rcussen ;" no Poland without the kingdom of
Poland. Their history, their political and social
conditions are one—an indivisible trinity.
"To acknowledge the right of existence to bu
one province, and to oppose it in the others, is to
kill Poland. Before you, people of Poland, lies the
battle. On the one side is slavery and shame, on
the other liberty and the welfare of future gene-
rations ! Can you hesitate and draw back? No,
you must conquer; you must purchase liberty with
blood ; you must sacrifice a whole generation on
the altar of Poland ; God and arms will decide
your destiny.
" Citizens, let us hold fast to the love of our
country. Union and sacrifice ! Let us hesitate
before no sacrifice; let us be ready at any moment
to give up life and property, house and family, for
our country. Let us remember that from the mo-
ment the insurrection broke out nothing that we
possessed belonged to ourselves—all belonged to
our country. We are all servants of the nation—
servants of a great thought, of an all-powerful sen-
timent. In whatever situation we may be placed
in the midst of the bloody work of the nation, let
one common law guide us, one dutiful sacrifice for
the common good, one universal desire to die for
our country. As we now enter upon a new period
of the conflict, the National Government will make
every effort to arm the whole land by the means
furnished by the community, and to call as many to
arms as possible. Armed Poland is triumphant

Burst and Blackett, la, Great Marlborough-street

Poland.
The principles which have hitherto guided the
insurrection, and which were expressed in the mani-
festo of the 22d January, will also be the principles
of the future action of the National Government.
No violation of them will be allowed. The idea
contained in that manifesto of equality, and of re-
ligious, political, and social liberty, is maintained in
all its force and purity, and will be developed by
corresponding institutions immediately on the ex-
pulsion of foreign domination and the organisation
of the country.
"In the spirit of these principles the National
Government will do all in its power, so that the,
masses of the country people, awakened from their
sleep of 100 years, may find in it their guide tols
new industrial and political existence. All vi.onse
..
tics. The NO'
tion of rigi2ts will be punished by the arm of
over
over
the regular course Of the administra.tioonb,ed
fence to
the discipline of the solciial and their
use of autho
their leaders; it will punish every a_ well as all
ional Government will wastned
rity in the civil or military service! r
I restrain per-
sonal ambition. heKingdom of Poland,
negligence and indifference, and vil^ -
" Citizens of Lithuania,
and all ' Reussen,/.....y0u
battle for the father-
for the general and
land. The whole do:entry has already been one
universal lamentation, one immense
great flame, one usi:
be one camp, in which al)—old
grave, now it must
—must work for the freedom of
men and children
00,, fighting with arms in their
their country ,
ontributing the sinewsof
hands, others C - war. Such
:viol' shortly be called upon
no Power on earth !
a Poland willcrush
the Russian hordes!
Such
such a Poland must and will be master !"
- -
a poland will tremble before

roeotauvir
nsta
Sands,testh aotetcha es
iroenhi
nay;
lbo es es no
fl7lisfhe
WRECKS ON THE GoODV IN SAN D s.—A P arli a.
,ipdsuwrirnesckthede
onlnenthtaerGY
last 12 years ending Dec., 1562.
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Bram, Paris, of a liver complaint, wasting away for seven
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agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord
Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years'
dyspepsia.—
No. 49,852. " Fifty years' indescribable agony
from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation,
flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly."
--Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of
thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derange-
ment, and partial deafness.—Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth
Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low
spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. Jas.
T. Campbell, Fakenbarn, Norfolk, " of indigestion and torpi';
dity or the liver, which had resisted, all medical treatment
• 51b lls • .t2lb. 225. ;
In tins, 1 lb., 2s. 9d.: 21b., 4s.
Regent London;
405.—Barry Au Barry and CO., No. 77, Rege toin
also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers and Chemists
every town of the United E..ingdOni.

.J

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• •

ALEXANDRI
See decrees lately issued by this G,
-relative to industry and trade have cause(
alarm among Europeans. One ordains the,
forward no one shall erect steam factories wit.
first obtaining the permission of the Government
engineers, in order to guard against the danger
blic. of
fire or inconvenience or annoyance to tpu
We have an instance here of a tannery establishil-
d
within the walls of Alexandrates, which prove the
ia, and of a bone bo
ing-house juei beyond the g
necessity of some control in such matters.
Another edict forbids the erection of steam pumps
on the:canals. It is evident that were every one per-
mitted to erect pumps at pleasure, it would deprive
dpolicy
cto • (Iln
permitt
the neighbouring proprietors of the water necessary
o
for their land, to which they have an undisputed
right. The distribution of the water is allotted by
a special section of the Government engineers, who
allow it to flow into the main canals erd their
branches,
oott
hhee
erection
ei t:
eaff
steam pniimt ed
to receive it. Nevertheless, it would pethaps be
under r p ()epr regulations. A third calls upon the
Goveruors of districts to furnish a return of ail
artisans
and workmen, whether domiciled or vag-
rant. The proprietors of - industrial factories fear
that this is a preliminary to
some interference with
the hands in their . employ Whereas,
present Viceroy has permitted
itted ths, in truth, tho
the peasantry to
leave their villages and to adopth
new. residences—a
step always strictly prohibited by predecessors
under severe penalties, even to the entire confisca-
tion
lands
of their property. The question of the
assumed by his Highness, as mentioned in a recent
letter, appears to be justly open to b' o jection, and I
hear that much dissatisfaction i e 'Lsts among the
Fellah population, both upon this point and also as
to the pruportion of forced labour they have to
contribute for the cultivation of these and other
properties of his Highness. Much is attributed to
the over zeal of the Viceroy's stewards, who tax the
forces of the peasantry severely to obtain largo re-
sults, and gain credit from their lord, but I have
no doubt when the facts become known to Ismael
Pasha that this grievance will be remedied.
His Highness has just returned to Cairo, after a
visit of inspection to his sugar estates ands efine-
ries at Roda and Minis in Upper Egypt. is at-
tention, I understand, is much engaged with plans
for the extension of railway and telegraph lines,
and I think we shall before long see Egypt
doubly linked to Europe, by branches of wire to -
wards Bengazi and the Malta line on one side, and
through Syria to Constantinople on the other.
Typhus has much diminished in the Upper
Country, but it has made serious havoc. The cattle
disease, on the contrary, is increasing, and will,l
fear, gradually overrun the whole country.
Egypt is nearly abandoned by its European in-
habitants : few even of the Consuls-General remain.
They are either gone or going, and so it is with
the rest of the colony. All who can avail them-
selves of the great facilities afforded by the numer-
ous line of steamers pass the hot months in Europe,
to escape from the debilitating effects of the cli-
mate, which seems to increase with the annual
growth of this city.

The French Press on the Russian Note.

the
part of Russia'i
wein
The new note sent by Prince Gortschakoff in reply to the
last despatch of Count de Rechberg betrays, the France is
of opinion, much irritation and discontent. Referring one
by one to the three points challenged by the Count, the
Russian Minister affirms that they were quite understood
at Vienna ; Russia, in addressing Austria, had been actu-
ated solely by considerations of common interest necessi-
tated by the conjoint responsibility by co-dividing Powers,
and she naturally felt grieved that a proposition conceived
in so friendly a feeling should not have found at the court
of Vienna the reception it was entitled to expect. The
France affirms that there must be some want of understand-
ing between the two Courts, and proceeds to enquire how
such men as Prince Gortschakoff and the Count de Rech-
berg can accuse each other of assigning to declarations,
the clearest and most explicit in appearance, a meaning
which they cannot support. Our contemporary explains
the anomaly in these terms :—" The reason of this under-
standing lies together in the transformation which has
tsken place in Austria, and which reacts on questions
of foreign policy. Austria has become a Liberal Power, and
Prince Gortschakoff has spoken to her as if she was Abso-
lutist; he thought that he had before him the Austria of
1831, of 1846, or even of 1855, whereas he had to do with
that of 1863, living under a constitutional regime, and mak-
ing public opinion and liberty the principd bases and the
surest support of her domestic and foreign policy. Prince
Gortschakoff did not take that transformation into account ;
astonished at the attitude which he saw the Court of
Vienna assume, he thought that an appeal to historical pre-
cedents and an invocation of the past would be sufficient to
again place Austria in what he considered her traditional
path, and that the declarations of Count de Rechberg, who
appeared to have departed from the former language of
Austria, ought to be interpreted in that manner. In a word,
Prince Gortschakoff mistook dates, and wrote on the 14th
July a despatch which was quite an anachronism. The
precise and categorical reply of the Count de Rechberg sud-
denly convinced him of his error, and the fresh note of the
Prince is nothing more than on avowal of the diplomatic
check which he has just met with at Vienna. Prince Gort-
p o
language
delayed.rta n tinaßtisii
it sionesief,i'aoarnti
schakoff must therefore make up his mind to one fact—
that Austria is no longer with Russia and Prussia in the
affairs of Poland—but with France and England. The axis
of diplomacy has been displaced ; its basis of operation ia
now in the very heart of Europe. Before that union of the
three great Northern Courts, closely bound together by
their complicity in the act of 1872, diplomacy was in a mi-
nority ; now it is in a majority. What before made its weak
ness now constitutes its strength. This private quarrel of
Austria and Russia has just been added to the common
ne-
gotiationsn°st
etl It i prestige
efoss
da t hnie
humbleorfl
ißeanect sahydsneei
certain
ncasielpl whichraietra'rale eewiosnrtlyhyia,c,nadh tdi
thisbs 1 h puns
formal
otoossrt eim brt
disavowal
lo formsloneoia proposalun
i.
of the three Powers, determines th!ir bearimg,
and marks their first effect. The result
in conformity with the
to comprehend,
Austria, can those at St. Petersburg f
changed, and that
that times and situations are materiallyh
as completely ceased
what was tolerated in 1831 and 1846
to prevail at present."
übject, considering the change
different opinion otn
hijtaYdaaw"
presence of therecrit proceedings of
witahiladonfiaeillycituenmenYt, as transmittedg, to us in the tele-
Dimon interests of Russia and .A
' '
relations and co . .
Austria.' It
the replies to the three
t that there is a wide interval
is evident between this new
language,and the
or less sincere, disdainful insinuations and the
more
owluaTssihonieaffrom
oe Debate
`with
haughty dllangufeealigne
of•
graphics version, we should be inclined to think that Russia,
according to her msual practice, has found time for
tion since the 14th July, and has deemed it
lekxepedient to
change her sentiments, tone, and attitude. first step
backwards may be followed by others more decisive, and. the
Morning Post will perhaps find in this apology
Gortschakoff a new and -f 1
Prince
and trenchant
powe, u argument in support of its
programme, ' Union is peace,' The Vienna Gazette takes
this same view of the present situation, being convinced that
the interests of Russia must impel her ,!ct follow the three
Powers. in the path of conciliation, and to n;ake the conces-
sions demanded of her for the maintenance f •
maintenance 0 peace in
Europe,"
Cabinets.

CURIOUS DISCOVERY.—The Journal de Saone•et-
Loire publishes a letter from the Abbe Cucherat
giving a detailed account of a discovery recently made about
half a league from Paray (Saone-et-Loire). A workman
who was digging a field, which only last year formed part
of the neighbouring forest, and was then broken up for the
first time, struck his spade against a large Roman tile about
a foot below the surface, and under it were found seven
metal dies, such as were used by the Romans for coining.
The abbe says that these dies are made of a mixed metal,
hard and brittle, but that he has not yet been able to ascer-
tain its precise composition. Some of them are in the form
of truncated cones, 1.17 in. in height, 1.38 in. in diameter at
the large end, and 0 79in. at the other, on which the im-
pression is engraved. The smaller dies are of nearly equal
size at the two ends, and thickest in the middle. They
belong to the reigns of Tiberius, Caligula, and Claudius,
and bear respectively the following inscriptions:Ti.
C.2l,,sAu Div. AUG F. AUGUSTUS (Tiberius C
.I ees
.:S ar, di
vi
Augusti iilius, Augustus) ; C. CAR AUG. O. FRA....
(Coins Cmsar Augustus, Germanicus fra ...... ) ;
.T. C.
CiESAR AUG. ROMJE TR, POT. M. COS. 111. (TlbEriUS
Ono of them is broken. The three princes all bLar laurels
a
e
tClaudiuspieiTumrohtsspicseorre
impressions
inscription,
netioiioooCpunnue' es,sour
osbfoiraufratitstehrlnuteabion
uguet)ul.si.
cstetervauuoTe, sw,hßne
crowned
dem
are
eittri bwuondi
overtwhict their
tir dhiae d diadems.
eminscription
s.
h jfiTut htsherhotedtwhhjyi
eher.
aeoh.
re
.p
ceipp.p:errraaieenprsst
inaaensicetbievseadel boar
ot
itlaurelslsyhtlenaht over
tehde:
right side. "Two of the dies,":says the abbe," are in the
thatb but
tf
hasAu gthuestruas:
dieted crown with five points preserved for emperors after
their apotheosis. The die for the reverse presents a ram,
the emblem of the sactifices offered to the deified emperor.
From the place in which they were found these seems little
reason to doubt their authenticity. le:ars
laurels,Pt °oft eTs
haveti ha teer iihuuasi c
bt
auuntsy