The Sun.
London, England, 1863-05-02 00:00:00

BIRTHS, DEATHS, AND MARRIAGES.

There were 48;659 marriages in the last quarto:
of 1862; a number nearly the same as that of the
corresponding period of 1861, but less than in that
of 1860, when it was 50,688. The circumstances
that have operated to depress marriages in England
have not prevented an increase of them in certain
parts. In the three March quarters of 1860-62 the
marriages in London were respectively 7,265, 7,333,
and 7,821. A few districts in the south-eastern
division that furnish examples of increase may be
noted—viz., Thanet, Faversham, Eastbourne, Hail-
sham, Ticehurst, Li-Afield, and East Grinstead.
There is in England as much diversity in the social
condition of the populations of different localities as
in the nature of their respective soils ; they have
their various times and opportunities to win or lose,
to marry or abstain from marriage. Circumstances
of an exceptional nature are also constantly at work
to cause fluctuations in the marriage lists; as, for
example, the attraction of labourers to a spot for
the construction of a new line of railway, or the
partial interruption of operations in an iron mine.
In five of the eleven divisions an increase of mar-
riages is found in comparing those of the December
quarter of 1862 with the mean of the two corres-
ponding quarters. Those five divisions are Lon-
don, north-midland counties, Wales, south-eastern
counties, and northern counties. The increase in
the northern counties is hardly appreciable, In the
remaining six divisions there is a decrease which
varies from about 1 per cent. in the south-midland
and eastern counties to 4 and 5 per cent. in the
west midland counties and Yorkshire, and to no
less than 15 per cent. in the north-western division,
in which the cotton manufacturing industry has
been so long in a state of prostration.
The annual marriage-rate in England (persons
married to the population) in the quarter was 1.890
per cent., against an average of 1 975. In London
it was 2.15 ; and in Lancashire it was 1.70 per cent.
BIRTHS.
The number of births in the quarter that ended
31st March was 186,653. In the same period of
1861 it was about 173,000; in that of last year it
was 182,000. The annual birth-rate to the quarter
(births to population) was 3.698 per cent., being
higher: than the average, which is 3.594. It was
higher than it had been in any quarter during the
course of ten years, 1853-62, except the spring
quarter of 1854 and the winter quarter of 1860.
If the last two winter quarters are compared in
respect to births, it will be found that those of 1863
were more numerous than those of 1862 in all the
eleven divisions, except that which is the seat of
the cotton manufacture; unless the northern coun-
ties, where there was a trifling decrease, constitute
another exception. Not only have the marriages
been comparatively few in Lancashire, but the re-
moval of families from that county in quest of em-
ployment has been of sufficient importance to
reduce the registration of births in the parts which
they have forsaken. The births of last quarter
were in excess of the deaths in the same time by
58,129.
The number of English emigrants to all parts
was about 10,075.
DEATHS, AND THE STATE OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH.
A winter remarkably " mild" has also been re-
markably unhealthy. The deaths in England in
the three months ended 31st of March were 128,534,
against 122,192 in the same period of last year,
which supplies an example of average health in
winter, and may be taken as a means of comparison.
It will be an approximation to the truth to state
that people died in the quarter at the rate of 20,000
in a year, whose lives would have been saved if
epidemics or atmospheric causes of a nature unfavour-
able to health had not been in greater force than
usual. The rate of mortality was 2.546 per cent.,
the average being 2-498. The mortality of small
towns and rural districts was 2.343 per cent.
(against an average of 2287). That of the chief
towns was 2.705 per cent. (against an average of
2.688). The country appears to have suffered from
the effects of the winter more than the town. In
London a sudden interruption of early spring
weather, by a fall of the temperature, occurred in
March, and was followed by an extraordinaryin-
crease of mortality, which continued many weeks
after the apparent cause had ceased, and warm
weather had resumed its sway.

, one of the
ALLEGED OUTRAGE BY A FEDERAL OFFICER.--
ShouiPr firemen° to
Mr. Patamor, second officer of the steamer Nicolad
I. writes to a Liverpool contemporary :—" Will you kindly
insert the following statement of the conduct of Lieut.Ever-
proescisnesessitoend
son, of the U.S. gunboat Victoria --The Nicolai I. was
captured off: ittle River, N.C., on the 21st of March
onfnethoef
show him where the coals were, as the bunkers
they
Victoriatook
The fireman told him they Were '
engineers
r:fot
ferthtehe
offered to show them to him,
that purpose, and while standin were empty.
On in. the forehold, and
going into the hold for
which was off at the time, Lieut.nder the fore hatch,
the deck, the ball taking effect ' Eversonv fired at him from
he (O'Niel) is likely to r in the thigh, Fortunately,
wound, on
my
being
arecover from the effects of the
scantly went aft to LieutPP
apprised of the circumstance, I in-
him, and also said I Everson and remonstrated with
sense of the word, andconsidered him to be a coward in every
that I should take care that it was
noticed, Lieut, Evers
on replied that his reason for shooting
e
O'Niel was that h 1
h thought O'Niel intended blowing the
ship up, for Which
Shortly after, Commanderere wilasonookterthoefsltiflehtvesitetfonundacatimone.
on board the Nicholai I. when I was called and accused of
threatening to shoot the man who shot O'Niel. Com-
mander Hooker instantly ordered some of his men to tie me
up, My arms were lashed firmly behind me, and then
fastened to a ring bolt. Commander Hooker then said he
gave Lieutenant Everson authority to either hang or
shoot me, or all of us, if he thought proper ; also, if any-
one showed the slightest signs of insubordination, to blowo
our brains out on the spot. I was kept tied up f_?!ab„u
one hour, and then taken on board the Victoria. The fire-
man, O'Niel, was sent on shore at Fort Monr. ~ This Tby
several
ex-
traordinary statement is said to be corroborated
of the crew of the Nicolai I. who are at present in Liver-

pool.
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of all kinds met with a brisk sale at good prices. Cows
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same department, business was
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(Fiona tAe Regestrar-General's Quarterly Return)
This re, urn comprises the births and deaths regis-
tered by 2,201 registrars in all the districts of Eng-
land during the winter quarter that ended March
31, 1863; end the marriages in 1°,620 churches or
chapels, about 4,754 registered places of worship
unconnected with the Established Church, and 640
Superintendent Registrars' offices, in the quarter
that ended Dec. 31, 1862.
The birth rate was unusually well maintained
last quarter, and it has been high during eight suc-
cessive uuarters. In respt.ct to marriages the gene-
ral result is unfavourable; the returns now extend
' to the end of last year, and it is ascertained that
during the whole of two years, 1561-2, the mar-
riage rate has been low. la the last quarterly re-
port it was shown that the mortality was high,
and the returns since obtained furnish equal
evidence that in the first quarter of the present
year the public health has not improved. The cold
weather of November was fatal to many persons,
and the effects of that month were probably not
unfelt after the year had closed, and also causes
that were proper to last quarter rendered it more
unfavourable to health than many seasons that were
less remarkable for their mildness.
MARRIAGES.