The Sun.
London, England, 1863-08-04 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVE.NING, AUGUST 4, 1863,

SEA, First-class APPRENTICES required
in an East Indiaman.—For premium, name of ship, &c..
apply to Messrs. Laing and Co., 27, Coleman-street, Bank.
IN 0 control over or interference in the outfitting exercised

AVACANCY occurs for a Genteel Youth in a
Business in the City. Hours, 10 till 4. A Premium
required, but returned in Salary. The above offers a very
favourable opportunity for advancement.

Address, by letter only, " Delta," oare of Simmonds and
Co., 38, St. Mary-at-Hill, Eastcheap.

SECRETARYSHIP.—Any well-educated Young
Man, with £250 to £5OO at his own command, may hear
of the above in connexion with a first-class Company.
For particulars address, by letter, A.D.Z.P., 38, St. Mary-
at-liill, E.C.

THE FARMER'S BAROMETER, 505., a
new Instrument, by Negretti and Zambra, will cor
rectly indicate whether the Barometer falls for Rain or for
Wind. Particulars by enclosing stamp.-1, Hatton-garden ;
57, Cornhill ; and 122, Regent-street.

CELEBRATION of the TERCENTENARY of
the BIRTH of SHAKSPEARE, at Stratford-upon-
Avon. The Tercentenary Committee (of which Sir Robert
N. C. Hamilton, Bart., K.C.8., is Chairman) are now receiv-
ing SUBSCRIPTIONS, and they may also be paid to the
account of the Tercentenary Committee, at the Stourbridge
and Kidderminster or Warwick and Leamington Banks,
Stratford-upon-Avon; Messrs. Greenway, Smith, and
Greenway, Warwick ; or their London agents, Messrs.
Smith, Payne, and Co , Messrs. Hanburys and Co., or Messrs.
Glyn and Co , bankers, London.

SchooL

Mona-
mental
Memorial.

General Fund
for opening
gardens and
eeb-bration of
Festival.

s. d.
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plight. But let anyone go through the same amount
of exposure in England, and he will as certainly be
cut off by consumption as the bishop and Mr. Birrup
were by fever and dysentery, When I began to
travel I walked through streams, and braved rains
in the same way the bishop did; but I found that
I had fever continually, and gave up the habit,
though it was really pleasant to have the extremi-
ties cooled. You will perform a good service if you
warn all Europeans
going to the tropics to take as
good care of their health there as they do at home.
In addition to the loss of invaluable services, these
untimely deaths are a great misfortune to the cause
of African civilisation, because people immediately
ascribe them to the inevitable effects of the climate,
and with you say " it is of no use to send mission-
aries where they cannot live." In our expedition,
though we have undergone exposure to which no
missionary need subject himself, we have had but
two deaths among a large number of Europeans in
four years, and these were caused by detention
sorely against our will in most unwholesome locali-
ties.

No great work can be accomplished without pain
and suffering, and even death. Those who, with
you, " would not say a word to damp the energies
of missionaries and of those that send them," must
expect to hear cases like that of the noble-minded
Indian officer who lately fell a victim to gigantic
labours
and during the Indian famine, or that of Lord
Canning,try to place a slight drag on the ima-
gination. Horror seems to lay hold on you at the
bare mention of " Elephant Swamp." I am actually
to pass through it to-morrow, and am only sorry
that the enormous herds of elephants—we have seen
800 in at once--have become so knowing that we
have no chance of getting a steak or a foot. But
see the effects of bad example ; my imagination, do
as I will to prevent it, obstinately pictures you
sitting on that wildernes3 of 800 cesspools, which
the commissioners only the other day swept away,and
drinking water mixed, according to Dr. Acland,
with ail the abominations and unutterable filthiness
which are poured out of Oxford, Reading, &c., into
your cup. Oh, you filter your water through a few
inches of sand, do you? I would not trust it (unless
I were in London) though filtered through the
Great Sahara. The delicious unconsciousness with
which you exclaim " Elephant Marsh ; good
heavens ! what a vista of deep swamp, rotting vege-
tation, flies, vermin, stinks, agues, and dysentery do
the words call up;" only excite a merry laugh, which
I beg you to believe has not one particle of ill-
nature in it, and the quotation—.
cc oh, wad some power the giftie gie us,
To see oursels as others see us."
You have actually a larger area of cesspool and
marsh around and above London than exists in the
Elephant Swamp, and to the aireful effects let typhus,
typhoid, diphtheria, cholera, consumption, scorfula,
&c., testify. Here they are absolutely unknown.
But our fever, if ill-treated, as by bleedings, or not
treated, as it was in the case of missionaries at
Linyanti, who took only a little Dover's powder, is
as fatal as any two in your catalogue. And while
it would 1)e " penny wise and pound foolish" to
make missionaries of inferior men, good men ought
invariably to be accompanied by a thoroughly edu-
cated and well paid medical officer:—l am, &c.,
DAVID LIVINGsTONE.
River Shire, Jan. 26.

'houses, no pillage, no indiscriminate outbreak of
riot or hostility, bat will simply defend themselves
in their homes and call their neighbours to the
rescue, as they would in the case of attack upon
their lives and property by a gang of burglars and
assassins. This is understood to be the programme,
and, if rigidly carried out, it is one that cannot
fail to produce a very serious state of affairs, So
sensible are the commercial and moneyed classes of
the danger that every possible effort will be made,
by offers of bounty money, to get together a new
army of 40,000 or 50,000 men, or whatever num-
ber the Government may consider to be the full
quota of this State, towards the 300,000 that are
considered necessary to carry on the war, in addi-
tion to the armies already in the field. The Courts
of Aldermen and Common Council have already
voted 2,500,000 dole. for the purpose, to be raised by
taxation on city property—a measure of very doubt-
ful legality, but the mere proposal of which shows
the great unpopularity of the draught, and the ex-
treme lengths to which many people are willing to
go in their efforts to render it unnecessary.
But amid all this perplexity and peril the doctri-
naires and philosophers, who wish to make Federal
America a nation instead of a congeries of States,
and to cement the discordant materials by the esta-
blishment of a stringent military despotism, con-
tinue to urge upon the President the duty of
quenching attempted insurrection in seas of blood,
if it cannot be quenched at a cheaper rate ; to en-
force the conscription coute que coute ; to take ad-
vantage of the first outbreak to supersede Governor
Seymour or hurry him off to Fort Lafayette, and to
invest General Butler with supreme dictatorial
power over the three States of New York, New
Jersey, and Pennsylvania. It is understood that
Mr. Seward is the sole great obstacle in the way of
this dangerous experiment ; that Messrs. Chase,
Stanton, Halleck, and Welles are in its favour ; and
that the President hesitates to take so serious a step
in opposition to the solemn warning of the most
conservative as well as most sagacious member of
his Cabinet. The people who recommend this des-
perate strategy have lost all hope, however promis-
ing the present appearances of victory may be, of
the final subjugation of the South; and look to the
utter abrogation and annulment of State rights in
the North, to be effected at all hazards, as the
only possible means by which the North can be
kept together. Their model Government is not
that for which their Anglo-Saxon progenitors
shed their blood, or which offers itself for example
to the world in the mild constitutional monarchy
of Great Britain, but the autocratic and military
despotism of France. They admit, when closely
pressed, that the Republicanism of Washing-
ton and Jefferson is a proved failure, and that
the future Republic of the North must be one, in-
divisible and homogeneous, with a strong and irre-
sistible central Government in the hands of the first
man of indomitable will and high military genius
who shall succeed in grasping the reins of power.
They shut their eyes to the consequences. They do
not value liberty a straw. They are ripe for despot-
ism. They court it, they pray for it, and all present
indications seem to prefigure that they will inevit-
ably attain it—though not by so short a process as
they fondly imagine, and not perhaps until these
degenerate Americans shall have offered for the
wonder and instruction of all time a more unhappy
spectacle than has ever yet been offered by a civi-
lised nation.
A little incident in the history of the late cruel
onslaught upon the coloured people which has fallen
within my personal notice deserves to be recorded.
A negro in one of the pleasant transmarine suburbs
of this city, of which it is not necessary to mention
the name, became on the second day of the riots ob •
noxious to a crowd of Irish and other " rowdies"
bent not only on resistance to the draught, but on
any mischief that might offer itself to their idle
hands. The negro kept an ice cream saloon and
restaurant, was au excellent cook and waiter, and
employed several coloured people in his business, was
very useful to the richer inhabitants whenever they
had dinner or evening parties which required extra
assistance, was a prosperous tradesman, as he de-
served to be, and was, moreover, very much re-
spected by all who knew or had occasion to employ
him. Envious of his prosperity, and indignant that
a " nigger" should be better provided with worldly
goods than themselves, a crowd of men and boys of
the labouring class, reinforced by a mob of thieves
and plunderers, gathered round his house towards
unhappy
nightfall, threatening to burn it down and hang the
whole of the occupants. The shutters and doors
fewwerehastily
om en ts
a s closedifi
tawn do
uid secured,fare l andwi
with
the seemed
tfora
'amily, consisting of husband, wife, and two chil-

dren, besides the black servants and waiters. For-
tunately a mechanic of a superior grade, and himself
an employer of labour, was on the spot, and had
courage enough to attempt to stem the tide of popu-
lar passion and influence enough to be successful.
He addressed the crowd in a few energetic sentences,
imploring them to go peaceably home and reserve
their displeasure for the officers of the draught. He
finally prevailed on them to desist from their pur-
pose of arson, and to content themselves with break-
ing the black man's windows. But during the
greater part of the night a few of the rioters lin-
gered around the place, determined to hang the
negro if he ventured abroad. Ultimately, however,
either from the exhaustion of their patience, or the
rumoured arrival of the military and police, they
withdrew, but not before they had threatened him

with instant death if he dared to open his shop on
the morrow. As soon as all was quiet the negro and
his family took the opportunity to escape. Clamber-
ing over the wall at the rear of their premises, their
first intention was to make their way to the open
country and encamp in the woods. Remembering,
however, that there was one gentleman who had
been kinder to them than others, they determined
to go to his house and solicit his protection. They
went and were hospitably admitted, the gentleman
and his family, the females as well as the males, de-
claring that they would protect the lives of the
hapless fugitives at the hazard of their own. Here
they have been hiding for seven days, and still
remain in close confinement. And who, it will be
asked, was this good Samaritan? Was he a friend
of Emancipation ? No. Was he a professed
humanitarian ? No. Was he a Minister of the
Gospel ? No. Had he ever, like Messrs. Cheever,
Beecher, Phillips, and Greely, proclaimed himself
to be the especial friend of the negro race? No.
Had he ever advocated their social and political
equality with white men, or made himself con-
spicuous in any way as their advocate ? No. Was
he known to be more benevolent and charitable than
his neighbours ? No. What, then, was the secret
impulse that drew the negroes towards him in their
hour of peril ? Nothing but the fact that hebwoa.
had
Virginian. He was a man from the South, w
his ountrymen,
been a slaveowner, and who, like
thoroughly understood the negro chaort
an abolition-
ing all about him, and that he was not
singled him
ist, a preacher, or a philosupher,
world in which
out from all the men of the littlefrom
aceter. Know-
the fury of a
they moved to be their protcc.tnyr
for their blood. It
white multitude that was ratgei
demand, but it wa.4
was a dangerous servic
rendered.
Let those: who will
generously and freely
In. America it will ex-
perhaps
• e•ln England it may help
cite no surpris •
• t the m
tender mercies of those who would
that the
to prove moral of theta:.e.
consent to mai, a slave of
under no circutustanct,s
tut nevertheless, be very cruel, and that,
• ' enegro may,
whatever the deficiencies of the negro intellect may
be, the black man knows his friends from his foes
--by instinct, if not by reason—and would rather
trust his life to the honour of a Southern gentleman
than to the kindly charity of allorthern Abolitionist.
The animosity of the crowd against the uegroes
was so great during the culmination of the riots
that it even went the length of threatening to set
afire to two British vessels in the North river, both
of them rosamanded by negro captains, and manned

_..4d.
STAMPED

by negro crews; the one from Belize, and the other
from Jamaica. Some of the crew were violently
assaulted in the streets, and fled for protection to
office the of Mr. Archibald, the British Consul.
That gentleman, having no adequate me
.
i-
nset his
disposal, telegraphed to Lord Lyons 'or a ship of
morning her
war, and yesterday Majesty's ship
Challenger arrived and dropped anchor at the en-
trance of the Hudson. In the meantime the negroes,'
all of whom were British subjects, found refuge to
the number of 75 on board the French manor-war
the Cardenas, hearing the flag of Admiral Rey nand,
who kindly volunteered to give the men shelit r until
they could be transferrAl to tivi more legitimate
safeguard of the ship of their own Sovereign. It is
calculated that nearly 600 persons were either killed
or wounded in the riots. Coroners' inquests have
been held upon 76, the great majority of whom were
Irish. The number of negroes hanged, beaten to
death, or thrown into the river is estimated at about
20 ; but the bodies of five only h
and accounted for. The negro fugitives who en-
camped on Long Island have for the most part re-
turned ; and as many of these unhappy persons have
been reduced to destitution by the destruction of
their homes and furniture, and the enforced cessa-
tion of their usual labours, a subscription bas been
commenced in their behalf, which already amounts
. to a very considerable sum. Many of the principal
banks and insurance companies have contributed
largely, and leading members of both political par-
ties have aided the cause with their names and their
money.

THE PRINCE OF WALES AT HALIFAX.

HALIFAX, August 3.
In the midst of the festivity and rejoicing at the
near advent of the long expected, long prepared for
visit of the Prince and Princess of Wales, the good
people of Halifax have been smitten with a disap-
pointment more irremediable than bad weather—a

disappointment which came on the town yesterday
afternoon like a heavy misfortune—in the official

announcement that the Princess of Wales was no

well enough to undertake the journey, and that con.

sequently the Prince would visit the town alone. I

is difficult to describe the effect which this commu

nication produced; it was more than a disappoint-
ment—the depressing influence amounted almost

to a gloom. It was true that the Prince was coming,
but, without disparaging his Royal Highness's
known popularity, it was felt that on this occasion
the Prince was only a bridegroom without his bride,

and, above all, the bride whom all in and near
Halifax for miles around had for mouths made up
their minds to welcome and behold. The official
communication which the Mayor, Mr. John Cross-
ley, received yesterday afternoon simply stated that
her Royal Highness was not well enough to travel,
that the Prince therefore would visit Halifax and
open the fine town-hall alone, and that on to-morrow
(Tuesday) he would return from Halifax to Osborne.
Our readers will recollect that up to Saturday the
programme arranged for the progress of their Royal
Highnesses was that, after visiting this picturesque
and buy town, they would proceed to the seat of
Earl de Grey and Ripon, and remain the guests of
the Earl and Countess till Thursday, when they
were to journey to Edinburgh. remaining at Holy-
rood till Saturday morning, when they were again
to continue their progress to Abergeldie Castle, near
Balmoral, there to remain for the shooting season
in Scotland. As, therefore, the whole of this pro-

gramme has been abandoned, and the Prince returns
to-morrow to Osborne, some uneasiness is felt here
lest the indisposition of the Princess should be more
severe than the mere wording of the letter of apology
expresses. No other ground, however, exists for this
feeling beyond that the visit to Earl de Grey and
journey to Scotland has been suddenly postponed
sine die. Between the announcement, therefore, of
the indisposition of the Princess, and the consequent
knowledge that her appearance in Halifax on this
occasion is not to be hoped, the whole of the in-
tended festivities are likely to be of the tamest and
most routine character. As far as Halifax is con-
cerned, and the warm, enthusiastic feeling of loyal
gladness with which its people looked forward to this
event, the partial disappointment is much to be re-
gretted. Halifax is just now at its heat and busiest,
and, apart from the magnificent scenery around the
town, which makes its situation second to none
other in the kingdom, save Edinburgh, while it is
second to no other town at all in the magnificence
of the public gifts with which the munificence of its
great manufacturers—Crossleys and Ackroyds—
have adorned it,—all these the Prince and Princess,
were to be shown, and all these the Prince will have)
to visit, the programme offered to Royalty being, as
usual on these occasions, a long and rather fatiguing
one. His Royal Highness is not expected to arrive
till half past three this afternoon,—too late an hour,
according to the time fixed for the departure of
parcels, to attempt even an outline of his reception
here. That it will, however, be one of the most en-
thusiastic welcomes he has ever got, everything
seems to promise. Trains from all parts of the coun-
try have been arranged to arrive here every five
minutes, and, as the performance has kept tolerably
well near the promise, the result has been a dense
crowded stream of country people into the town
since as early as five o'clock this morning. The
problem offered for solution to the police and the
railway authorities is how to get these people back
to-night with as little discomfort and even as little
injury as possible, and every hour adds to what will
evidently be the greatest difficulty of the task. For-
tunately all connected with the police arrangements
is under the sole control of Mr. Superintendent
Walker, who has more experience in these Royal
d
progresses than any other man in the kingdomm nanof
who has brought with him from London admene of
his best inspectors and a picked body of
.dnee
the
the A division. Under such efficient gu
most rigid: precautions have been taken
pi
dance
the
against danger from overcrowding. /1
whole line of the procession, on either side, powerful
timber barriers have been erected so as to confine
the concourse on both sides within the com-
paratively harmless limits of some seven or eight
d
fen eet deep. At all the cross
fsterteentpsh,rtto,ot,nbreake
aanry-
riers have been erected, t e
d, above all, the members of
some 7,000 or 8,000,
wave of the crowd,
the trades' unions, badges and
nrmbering
the front line within
with distinguishing
have been provided
yet, in of all precautions, it is
their services secured spikeep
the barriers.
even the skill of the London
easy to foresee that
police will be tasked to prevent overcrowding on
many points. Halifax is scarcely adapted to such
great porilar displays, being deficient, as a general
rule, in what Londoners would call streets. Houses
there are plenty and to spare, and there is no lack
of what the Scotch very properly call wynds—nar-
except in Halifax row tortuous passages, which, or
Quebec, no one would think of calling streets.
These are already pretty densely filled; hut not so
the miles of raised benches which have been more
extensively erected here than in any town we ever
saw. They rise in all sorts of situ xtions, and some
near the town-hall are carried to a height that
makes one tremble at the thought of any accident
occurring. Since the announcement that the Prin-
cess was not coming the spirited erectors of these
have been plunged in a despondency which is likely
to be justified
to-morrow.
The programme which is offered to the Prince tc-
day is not for royalty on these occasions unusually
fatiguing, though quite enough for any one who has
been dazed and worried by a nearly seven hours'
railway journey. On his arrival he will drive at
once to Manor-heath, the mayor's residence, which,
always a costly and magnificently decorated villa,
has for this occasion been in most parts re-embel-
lished in the most exquisite style. It would be
difficult to overpraise the richness and good taste
of the splendid suite of rooms which were here ptrhee-
pared for the Princess, and which throw into
shade even those fairylike structures of lace and gold