The Sun.
London, England, 1863-06-23 00:00:00

feet above the level of th.., sea, he at once felt cer-
tain that it could only be the source of some vast
river like the Nile. 'Lae traditions of the natives,
too, confirmed this conjecture, by their account
of the great extent of the lakel while the
Arab merchants, who had visited those districts in
search of ivory, asserted boldly that it was the
source of a great river. Captain SPEKE tells us
that he would have settled the question in 1859,
but the chief of the party he was accompanying
having fallen ill, he was compelled to return. Sir
RODERICK MURCHISON, however, was deeply im-
pressed with the necessity of further researches, and
accordingly Captains SPEKE and GRANT started on
their last and conclusive expedition. On reaching
Unyanyembi, 5 deg. south of the lake, they fol-
lowed a near route, which they conjectured from the
accounts of the ivory merchants would lead to the
creek on the Western side of the lake, but owing to
some confusion between the terms river and lake,
they found that the path led them to another lake,
the Luero-lo•Urigi, which was once of great extent,

but is now drying up. The travellers thus made an

accidental discovery, which though not of much
profit familiarised them still more with the nature

of the country. The Luero-10-Urigi and other
neighbouring lakes are drained by the river
Kitaugule, which Captain SPEKE describes as a
noble stream, 80 yards wide, and sunk low in the
earth like a huge canal. This river flows into

the Victoria Nyanza, bringing it its larges

supply of terrestrial water. All these lakes are
supplied from the Mountains of the Moon, where
more than two-thirds of the year are wet and
rainy. Among the many errors and misstatements
current respecting the African interior, there is
none greater than the commonly received notion of
the scarcity of water. The abundant means of irri-
gation and water works supplied to the settler
encourages the sanguine view now beginning to be
taken of the future rise and progress of these long
neglected wilds. The population, according to
Captain SPEKE, are for the most part courteous and
intelligent. Making due allowance for his grate-
ful feelings towards the people of Karaguve and
their King, his account of them is most promising.
They present, however, a singular anomaly in the
human race, if the travellers' account be true, that
they have no religion, and do not believe in a soul.
We should incline to think that this can hardly be
entirely correct—that some dim superstition or lin-
gering tradition must prevent the natives of Kara-
guve from forming so remarkable an exception
to the belief in another life, which has
been the universal idea of all races and
generations. The difficulties and dangers,
the labours and disappointments which fell to the
lot of these enterprising travellers heightened the
triumph of their success, but did not serve to abate
their energies. The public will no doubt receive
before long a fuller account of their wanderings,
and of the gradual progress of their scientific dis-
coveries. Englishmen may well be proud of
adding such an achievement to the list of their
daring feats, and the boastful nineteenth century
has another cause for triumph. It may serve, how-
ever, to temper the self-conceit of modern science,
to learn that the great lake which has proved to be
the source of the grand old river, was clearly
marked in an Arabian map more than 1,000 years
old, while PTOLEMY was the first to give an ac-
count of the sub-equatorial lakes of Africa.
Captains SPEKE and GRANT have not met the
usual reward of public benefactors, for kings and
philosophers have combined to do them honour,
while the enthusiastic reception they met with last
night at Burlington House must have served to
convince them of the honour and admiration which
their countrymen have bestowed on their labours.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE,

(REUTER'S TRLEGRAMS.)

AMERICA.

PER THE JURA.

NEW YORK, JUNE 13, MORNING

There is nothing decisive from Vicksburg. An
early attack upon General Grant's rear is considered
probable.

Southern advices are very hopeful. They state
that General Pemberton has reported he could hold
Vicksburg, and that General Johnstone was to take
his time to organize his forces. They also assert
that Kirby Smith, with 10,000 men, has occupied
Milliken's Bend, 20 miles above Vicksburg, cutting
cif General Grant's supplies.

Northern accounts state that there was fighting
along the river from Lake Providence to within
sight of Vicksburg, and that a severe fight occurred
at Milliken's Bend upon the 6th inst., the Federal
forces consisting mostly of negro regiments, being
driven to the bank of the river under cover of the
gunboats.

Advices from New Orleans to the sth inst. state
that batteries were constructed along the entire
Federal line at Port Hudson and would open
against the enemy on the 6th inst.

General Lee is said to be heavily reinforced upon
the Rappahannock, and to have nearly double the
number of troops he had at Chancellorsville. He
is daily expected to assume the offensive.
A small Confederate cavalry force advanced to
within three miles of Poolesville, Maryland, driving
a company of Michigan cavalry into the town and
burning their camp. They afterwards re-crossed
the Potomac.

The New York Herald thinks General Lee's
plan is to envelope Harper's Ferry, another to move
General Stuart's cavalry across Maryland into
Pennsylvania upon a destructive raid, which would
cause General Hooker's army to be broken up, to
go in pursuit of General Stuart, and General Lee
would then crush Hooker's remaining forces upon
the Rappahannock and push on to Washington.
The Governor of Illinois has prorogued the State
Legislature till the 18th inst. Sixty-fire Republi-
cans left the Legislature, thereby preventing a
quorum, but the Democrats refused to recognise
the prorogation, end entered a protest against the
Governor for unconstitutional usurpation and the
revolutionary breaking-up of the Legislature. The
Governor's pretext for his actio❑ was that there
was disagreement between both Houses on the sub-
ject of adjournment. Great indignation was mani-
fested among the Democrats.

General Hascall has been superseded by Genera.

Wilcox.

Southern despatches from Mobile to the 4th
inst. state that the Federals had been repulsed
at Port Hudson, and that Gen. Banks had lost

an arm.
The Provost Marshal, his assistant, and the en-
rolling officer were fired upon near Manville, Indi-
ana, whilst making an enrolment. The two for-
mer were killed, and the latter escaped.
Two military companies were sent from Indiano-
polls to the scene of the murder.
Two new military departments have been created
in Pennsylvania under Generals Couch and Brooks,
who have summoned all citizens between 18 and 60
years of age to organise- for defence, subject to the
call of the commanding General. The Governor of
Pennsylvania has issued a proclamation, urging
the people to respond promptly.
The Enrolment Commissioners have been driven
out of some counties in Indiana, where excitement

continues to prevail.
The Governor has solemnly warned the people
against resisting the Government.
The Sou,hern conscription is being resisted in
North Carolina.
The corps of General Hooker's army still remains
on the South side of the Rappahannock below
Fredericksburg.
Official advices from Vicksburg to the Bth inst.
state that the siege was progressing satisfactorily.
Three divisions from General Bragg's army were
reported to be marching to join General Johnstone.
Breckenridge had already joined him. Grant Ras
being reinforced. Grant's total loss since crossing
the Mississippi is estimated at 7,000 men.
Advices from General Banks to the 4th instant
have been received at General Grant's headquarters,
announcing that the siege of Port Hudson was pro-
gressing favourably.
The Democratic State Convention of Ohio, after
having unanimously nominated Mr. Vallandigham
for the Governorship,
appointed a committee to
demand his release of the President. Resolutions
were passed declaring that the Democracy would
hail with delight the expression of a desire on the
part of the seceded States to return to their alle-
giance, and would co-operate with the citizens of
those States to restore peace.
Mr. Vallandigham is said to have reached a
Southern port, intending to sail for Nassau.
A Democratic meeting has been held at Brook-
13'n, at which resolutions were passed denouncing
interference with the liberty of speech.
A meeting has been held to raise 10,000 negroes
for General Fremont. It was announced that Pre.
sident Lincoln had consented to give Fremont a
department if negroes were raised.
The New York _Herald urges the nomination of
President Lincoln for the nest Presidency, in order
to prevent a reign of terror and a revolutionary
election campaign in 1864.
The commissioners who superintended the dis-
charge of the Peterhoff's cargo have presented their
report. The case will be argued on the 15th inst.
The privateer brig Croquette has burned the
barque Whistling 'Wind in lat. 38, long. 71. The
Nassau Guardian states that the Federal steamer
Rhode Island chased and fired at the steamer Mar-
garet and Jessie within 250 yards of the shore off
James Point. Several shots from the Rhode Island
reached the shore, alarming the inhabitants. The
Margaret and Jessie escaped.

DETAILS OF THE CAVALRY RAID AT
BEVERLEY FORD.
NEW YORK, JUNE 12 (Evening).
(Per the Jura.)
_

In consequence of a belief which is said to be con-
firmed that Gen. Lee had assembled a large cavalry
force between Culpepper Court-house and Beverley
Ford to make a raid into Maryland, Gen. Hooker
ordered three brigades of cavalry, and 2,000 infan-
try, with two batteries, all under the command of
Gen. Pleasanton, to cross the Rappahannock to
counteract Gun. Lee's movement.

Gen. Pleasanton's force crossed early on the morn•
ing of the 9th the right under Bufford at Beverley's
Ford, and the left under Gregg at Kelly's Ford, the
two being Six miles apart—they both moved to
Culpepper, on the roads converging at Brandy,
where a junction was to be made. Bufford crossed
without opposition, and the Bth Cavalry advanced
to the woods, where they were met by the Confe-
derate cavalry and driven back with heavy loss.
The Federal cavalry then charged the Confederates,
driving them back to their main body, which was
forming in the rear of the woods. General Plea-
santon then directed Bufford to charge the Confe•