The Sun.
London, England, 1863-01-14 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 14, 1863

DR. CUM lIING'S NEW WORK.
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Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
A PRODIGAL SON
By DUTTON COOK,
J:1

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LADY MORGAN'S MEMOIRS
Autobiography, Diaries, and Correspondence.

Including Letters from

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*** The Map of Europe has been already published. Aus.
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alike, and who never had any feelings, and have
now no interests, in common. These divergencies
and differences were great in peace. War has
widened and embittered them to an extent which
the North is slow to appreciate, but which in the
South approaches to fanaticism, and renders the
conquest of the country alike a physical and a moral
impossibility.
The Northern people are not, however, quite so
obstinate as they were six months ago. The events
of this fast-fading year have taught them to re-
flect on the lust of empire and the penalties attached
to it. When they sum up what has been done and
what has been left undone within the twelvemonth
they do not, and cannot, shut their eyes and their
minds against the unpleasant truth that the pros-
pects of the war and the situation of the country at
the close of 1862 contrast unfavourably with the
state of affairs at its commencement. The restora-
tion of the Union is further off than ever. Large
armies have been raised, an immense debt has been
incurred, great battles have been fought, a stupen-
dous amount of human life has been sacrificed, the
whole framework of the law and constitution has
been stretched and shaken and dislocated ; the
germs of a social convulsion have been introduced
into the body politic, and a national bankruptcy
has been rendered sooner or later inevitable by the
financial operations of the Government,---and all
this has been done and suffered without the slightest
real result in subduing the spirit or breaking the
energies of the Southern people, or achieving for
the North such a victory as might flatter its pride
and appeal to its magnanimity to allow its wayward
sisters to depart without further bloodshed. The

South, on the other hand, has endured the greatest
privations, suffered the severest hardships, been
cruelly isolated from the commerce of the world
and all the luxuries and necessities of life that fol-
low in its wake, has resorted to an inexorable con-
scription,' has incurred a fearful debt, and poured
out the blood of its richest and proudest sons with
more reckless profusion than the North has shown
in pouring out that of its penniless foreign merce-
naries: But it has done none of these things in
vain. It has had the great advantage of a united
people, and of the ablest generals whom the age has
produced. It has had the incentives of hate and
patriotism to strengthen the arms and inflame the
hearts of its soldiers and people. It has carried on at

fearful odds, against a powerful antagonist, a
struggle which has made it the admiration of the
world, and forced even the professed philanthropists
and humanitarians of Europe to forget the blot of
slavery on its escocheon, and to accept its
cause as the representative of the hallowed
right of self-government, combating the dictatorial
insolence of an aggressive minority. The enormous
sacrifices of the South have been fruitful, while
those of the North have been barren. Every day
that passes strengthens the cause of the one and
weakens that of the other, and, worst of all for the
North, facts not to be denied or explained away
show that the longer the war lasts the greater the
corruption, the venality, the faintheartedness, and
the treason the Federal Government has to contend
against among its own people, and the greater the
present and prospective loss of Northern liberty.
Considered under any possible aspect the actual
situation of the Federal Government, army and
finance, is not encouraging to the warmest hearted
patriot. A single Confederate steamer, the Alabama,
defies the whole naval power of a nation that has
300 war ships afloat upon the rivers and seas. The
army in the South-West is in a position of extreme
danger. Generals Rosencranz and Grant are both
checkmated by the superior strategy if not by the
superior force of the Confederates. The black flag
is raised by the Southern President, and Mr. Lin-
coln is preparing a proclamation that will certainly
provoke a servile war if the Southern slaves are not
warmly attached to their masters, or held down by
so irresistible a grip as to render the slightest at-
tempt at insurrection on their part the signal of a
general massacre of their race. Mr. Chase cannot
carry on the war without paper, he cannot print his
paper fast enough to meet the demands upon the
Government, and gold, the traitor, obstinately per -
sists in valuing itself at 33 per cent. more than the
promises to pay of the liovernment of one of the
richest and most enterprising people in the world.
"Washington is in more imminent danger of capture
than ever Richmond has been at any period during
the war, and the Confederate cavalry make success-
ful irruptions within 12 miles of the capital. It is
not surprising under such circumstances the idea of
peace shou'd arise in minds that but a little time ago
repelled it, and that mediation, provided it be not
offered by England alone and unaided, should be
tacitly believed by thousands of sensible men to be
the best solution of a congeries of difficulties and
evils that might be otherwise insoluble within the
experience of the existing generation.

The President's Proclamation on Slavery will be
published the day after tomorrow. All hope that
he will abstain from a measure that is calculated to
provoke an insurrection of the negroes has been
abandoned. He will decree freedom to the slaves
of " rebels," and will support slavery as a system in
" loyal States" until such States shall themselves
see fit to abolish it. He will not be supported by
the public opinion of the North and West in any
such "bull' against a planet or comet that revolves
in the far off spaces that his armies cannot penetrate.
Even New England will declare against him for
not going far enough ; while the Democratic party
in all the States, who are proved to form the great
majority of the people, have already declared against
him for going too far, and will speedily take action
on the premises, with a view of calling a National
Convention to consider a question which it is beyond
the power of Mr. Lincoln or any other President to
decide.

How the Alabama got out of Fort de France,

Martinique.

(Translated for the New York Herald from the Diaro do
Santiago de Cuba,.Dee.lo.)
The French mail steamer Tampico, from Fort de
France, Martinique, sailed just three days after the
Alabama—the famous champion of the South—had
left the harbour, humbugging the San Jacinto,
which is cruising after her. The incidents of this
deception are curious enough, and we take them
from one of the passengers for this port, in which
we place implicit reliance. The French authorities
had to keep the excessive zeal of the Yankee sailors
within bounds, as they thought themselves sure of
this prize, which has given them so much trouble
and annoyance.
The commanders of both steamers went on shore
at Martinique, and in one of their frequent meet-
ings the captain of the Alabama said to the com-
mander of the San Jacinto :
" I have no more than 160 men and 12 guns. You
have 500 of the former and 39 of the latter. 1 will
promise you not to use our guns; I will attack you
by boarding, and take and destroy your vessel."
The captain of the San Jacinto did not wish to
accept this challenge, observing that any way he
had the Alabama secure. The captain of the Ala-
bama, without taking any notice of this bravado,
appeared to be occupied in the construction of a kind
r
of raft out of large bundles of dried grass and tar
in view of the Federal sailors. His first theideala
nost
doubt was to provoke an attack ; but a
nights of his stay were very dark, the captain of efthe
Alabama, whose vessel is a screw ntearne
goes
16 miles an hour, erected some false topmasts of
bamboo canes and cocoanut tops, hoisted his lights
to make the deception more complete, and under a
full head of steam passed out of port by the side of
the San Jacinto.
The illusion of the Federal captain, who took her
for one of the French transports that are every
moment entering and leaving the
t
that he was for four days afterwards. cwrulatissisnoggr
amusing port,
e the
ea
out-
side
pe co
tfatthi
ueuhuafr bhoi us r,
prizean g
himself d
in
came to know for a certainty that he
had
When h©
hasdeh_elith
perspective.
hum-
bugged, he heard also that the Alabama had burned
an American schooner which had sailed from St.
Pierre,

I