The Sun.
London, England, 1837-09-07 00:00:00

TURKEY.

CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 16.—Death continues to dis-
charge, with fearful rapidity and unerring aim, his plague-
tipped darts among the Franks. In other times of pesti-
lence this class of the population has generally been spared,
but now it is,auffering more than any other. In spite of
endless purifications and precautions the malady spreads,
and of the attacked not a soul escapes. The Greek hos-
pital report of last week was 59. At the Armenian Ca-
tholic hospital there are excellent arrangements and atten-
dance, and a very large portion of the patients recover. A
priest, acting in a medical capacity, is doing wonders there
—his patients have confidence in him, and do not give way
to despair. I verily believe that more than half of the
Franks die rather of fear than of the plague.
On the 12th, the Captana Bey, now Ferik Bahriye, ar-
rived at the Black Sea with a beautiful new frigate, to add
to the already enormous fleet. Captain Kellie, who has
been lone in the Turkish service, has just been advanced to
the rank and pay of Captain of a line-of-battle ship ; and
his son, Captain Kellie, jun., to that of Captain of a
frigate. These appointments have taken place under
the especial command of the Sultan, who is really de-
sirous of introducing European officers into his navy and
army. I hear that we are very shortly to have here
for the latter two Russian Generals, accompanied by four
or six superior officers of the same nation. General 'Count
Yerinoloff arrived here on Monday front W, sel. but it
appears he is merely travelling. After the parade at Voz-
nessensk we are likely to have abundance of great folks
here. Some think that the Emperor Nieiel ,s wll came
incog., to tak.i a peep at his future capital, for which he
will be indebted to his own love of war and our attach-
ment to peace. How admirably our propensity furthers
his! Just look at struggling Circassia. It appears that
the whole line of coast is now in the hands of the
Russians, for all communication with that quarter is cut
off, and our anfiding friends arc abandoned to their fate.
There was a time when British sympathy was of some
value, but now, forsooth, it does nothing more than create
hopes for the purpose of destroying them. Mr. Knight,
a young- gentleman of property an family, has just added
to the number of bold Englishmen determined to assist
the Circassians as far as lies in their power : ho left Synope
about a fortnight ago in a small boat, and, if he succeeded
in escaping the vigilance of the Russian blockade, he must
now be high up on " frosty Caucasus." Had he taken
with him a cargo of gunpowder, he would have been very
welcome there. As it is, the Circassians must be becom-
ing excessively disgusted with every.thing English. We
shall never get over our cowardly abandonment of the
Vixen's affair as long as we exist as a nation.
The proceedings of Mehemet Ali Paella continue to ex-
cite alarm here, and I see-little chance of itn amicable ar-
rangement between him and the Sultan. In the mean
time the stain quo is weakening both as fast as possible.
It is strange that our politicians persist in perpetuating
this shocking evil, which is tantamount to constant war,
with the exception that it has none of the advantages of
war. Still, as far as the Sultan is concerned, his interests
suffer less from it than those of Mehemet Ali, who is going
downhill rapidly, and whose power must soon perish from
mere mere exhaustion. He knows this, and will seize the
first opportunity of again trying the chances of war. There
are evident preparations for this event on both sides.
Arif Pacha has been named Governor of Magnesia, in
the place of the Coraosmanoglu, who was lately displaced
for misconduct, and he starts to-morrow, with all his esta-
blishment, is one of the Smyrna commercial steamers.
Henceforward we are to have a more active communi-
cation with Odessa, steamers running every ten days, in-
stead of only once in three weeks, as hitherto.

Some persons having been doubting whether the late
measure favouring the exportation of grain from Turkey
would ever be carried 'into execution, I am happy to say
that those doubts were unfounded. An English house here
has, to my knowledge, been encouraged by the Gcvernmeut
itself to make a purchase of several cargoes of wheat,
which they are about to ship from an outpurt for a foreign
m irket. It costs about 16s. per bushel, I have heard, and
the cultivators say that at this price they are amply remu-
nerated. The quantity for exportation will be trifling this
year, as the measure is only just coming into operation ;
but it must annually increase, and in a few seasons become
very extensive, when the Government will probably leave
the trade entirely free, without thinking it necessary to re-
serve any portion of the crops for its own use, but trust to
the market for the needful supplies. Exchange this post
113 112.—Morning Herald.

EMIGRATION TO THE UNITED

STATES.

PHILADELPHIA, AUGUbir 6.—The astounding number
of ten thousand and sixty emigrants arrived at New York
and Perth Amboy, during only ten days, immediately prior
to the close of last week

6' Pauper emigrants," " the sweepings of gaols and work-
houses," " foreign beggars," &C. &C., are the terms com-
monly applied to these poor people in New York, and the
immigrants become more and more unpopular every day.
Do not attribute this to ill-nature, but to the times ; for
where thousands of American mechanics and artisans are
out of employ, how can it be expected that they should feel
otherwise than jealous of foreign dependents on the pros-
trate trade and even charity of the nation ? Those who
have money or good prospects could not emigrate at a
better time ; but those who have neither, I would conjure,
by all they hold dear to themselves and tan-lilies, to avoid
the United States until trade and manufactures improve.
'Tie number of passengers that have arrived in New
York alone Ibis year is—

January
Februnry
Marok
April
May
June ..
July, to the 27th

836
1,278
•
3,892
7,012
11,098
8,161

34,554
Add the 10,060 I have mentioned above 10,066
Add, also, arrivals at Perth Amboy, into which place
they are smuggled by captains, for the purpose of
evading the almshouse tax, &c., at New York, about 11,000

Total 55,614
Philadelphia, Boston, Baltimore, Portland, and Orleans,
also receive their thousands, besides the crowds that
throng into the country by the lakes and over the Canada
line. Many have died in the miserable, filthy, floating
lazar-houses called 'steerages, of typhus fever and other
complaints ; and the people of New York are afraid they
will bring a pestilence into the City. Groups of them ars
met is every street, in a state of squalid destitution, and
wretched, hopeless beggary ; while many who had a
and only a little money, from want of employment, bo-
come dissolute drunkards, disgracing themselves and their
Country in a foreign land. Many who can afford the
means are wise enough to return. A few days since, the
Eliza Warwick took back 250 to Liverpool, and the Or-
pheus more than a hundred ; all of them bitterly de-
nouncing the base arts of swindling captains and ship-
owners, who had induced them to leave their happy
homes, by advertising in Europe that " labourers in
America were gaining 3 and 4 dollars per day," and other
lying and delusive stotements, to tempt and betray poor
emigrants into greater miseries than any they would be
likely, in the worst of times, to encoucrer in their native
land. No punishment is too great :or such heartless spe-
culators in the agony and poverty of their fellow-men ; and
I deeply lament that the laws will not reach this new crime
..
of obtaining money and passetwers by false pretences.
Several respectable mechanics have deposed upon oath.,
before the Mayor of New York, that they were terni-,Led
to quit England solely by the base artifices 1 have t eterred
to. To all who dere to emigrate, and have not the means
of_supiarfrt, COMO N. 4 to Me United Slates W henever the
tam improvir awl there is room fur your industry, you will
iieelved with hospitality and open arm:.

When the Drench entered Vienna after the battle of
Eortg, Haydn WilS lying on his death-bed. By an express
order from tlio E op,-vor Nap&ean a doub:c s. .try %vas
placed at the door of the ve:lerable and dying inuiciah,
tay p,,t et him from the eliance of annoyance in his last mop
nlents.-3fusical