The Sun.
London, England, 1863-02-10 00:00:00

TATTERSALL'S -MONDAY.

The near approa.th of the flat-racing season caused an
increase in the strength of the muster this afternoon, and
brought several influential speculators from their retire-
ment. Contrary to general expectation, however, business
was anything but brisk; and although we were enabled to
collect a large number of quotations for our " price current,"
betting was almost devoid of any notable feature. Backers
of horses now wait to see commissions in the market before
investing„ and the absence of stable money at the present
moment causes much uncertainty and a corresponding
dulness in the market. The actual business transacted in
the course of the afternoon might be summed up in a few
words, for time was chiefly occupied in "chaffing" the
backers of the outsiders, and in " putting up" certain ani-
mals. Some attempts were made to introduce the Lincoln
Handicap, but beyond 10 to 1 being taken about Douche,
nothing was done on the first handicap of the season. The
Liverpool Grand National led to very little wagering, its
chief feature being the sudden appearance of Satellite in the
betting hemisphere. In City circles during the morning
Satellite "came" and was backed so freely that it was plain
a genuine commission was out in favour of the "American
miler." He was supported very kindly at 20 to 1 at the club,
and on assembling at the Corner the demonstration was
continued, those odds being booked frequently. 25 to 1 was
also accepted about Jealousy; but the prices of the others
returned below were merely nominal. Only two bets upon
the Northamptonshire Stakes came under our notice, 12 to
1 being taken about Mr. Tom Parr's recent purchase,
Grimston ; and 15 to 1 about Croagh Patrick. For the
City and Suburban, Queen of Spain was in the ascendant,
and decidedly first favourite at 25 to 1. 1,000 to 30 was
laid against Gardener at the commencement, but those odds
were so eagerly snapped up that the layer speedily found
he had made a slight mistake, as the current quotation
at the time was certainly not more than 25 to 1. The
remaining animals quoted for this race were supported
to small amounts only. Very little indeed was
done upon the Chester Cup, any commissions that were
out having evidently been executed in the City; 20 to 1
was still offered against Stradella, but without finding sup-
porters ; 25 to 1 was the highest offer against Anfield. God-
ding's "second string," Black Deer, was driven back to an
outside position in consequence of having been "shot at"
in the City during the morning by "the Hyde-park Ran-
ger," when 40 to 1 was laid. At the Corner his state was
scarcely improved, for the same " great gun" was charged
with offe, s of 1,000 to 30, which odds were booked once or
twice, but to insignificant sums only. 30 to 1 was taken 1
about Le Marechal, and 33 to 1 about John Scott's mare,
Amelia. The Two Thousand betting was dull in the ex-
treme, and was chiefly remarkable for the disposition
evinced to lay against Hospodar, 4 to 1 being offered by
those who had been industriously seeking to lay that figure
in the City during the morning. At one moment it seemed
as if Saccharometer would be best favourite, but one of " the
Frenchman's" supporters booking £4OO to £lOO the horse
rallied a little, but still 4 to 1 was to be had for asking up,
to the finish ; 9 to 2 was taken and offered about Saccharo-
meter. "The Scheming Wizard, Michael Scott," whose
advance has been very marked of late, was backed with
some spirit at 11 to 1 ; 100 to 7 was offered against Tom
Foul, but without a response. For the Derby Lord Clifden
remained very firm at 5 to 1, for though those odds were
offered, bookmakers would not advance even half a point to
oblige a customer. The arrival of Lord Strathmore in the
room during the afternoon caused those present to antici-
pate some fresh support to Saccharometer, which anticipa-
tions were realised. His lordship's horse was speedily "put
up," and the noble owner stood by his champion with great
spirit, accepting £4,000 to £4OO iu one bet, and completely
tiring out the layer of odds. His lordship would have
gone on at 10 to 1, but no more than 9 to 1 was offered
after this demonstration. Concerning Hospodar there were
numerous inquiries, but offers of 12 to 1 did not tempt his
friends. The remaining Derby transactions were not sug-

gestive of any comments, the list of prices being principally
made up of offers and investments to trifling amounts. The
Stock Exchange representative again brought forward his
outsiders, and was accommodated with all the long shots he
demanded about Dunsinane, Onesander, and Maccaroni.
The " Baldwin commission," too, being still unexhausted,
led to some good-humoured badinage between the custos
rotulorum of the subscription room and the layers of odds.
Closing prices :

LINCOLN HANDICAP.
10 to 1 agst Douche (taken)

LIVERPOOL STEEPLECHASE.
20 to 1 agst Satellite (taken)
25 to 1 agst Jealousy (taken)
GREAT NORTHAMPTONSIIIEE STAKES.
12 to 1 agst Grimston (taken)
16 to 1 agst Croagh Patrick (taken)

CITY AND SUBURBAN.
25 to 1 agst Gardener (taken and offered)
25 to 1 agst Queen of Spain (taken)
33 to 1 agst Misfortune (taken)
33 to 1 agst Argonaut (taken)
40 to 1 agst Colleen Rhue (taken)
40 to 1 agst Croagh Patrick (taken)
TWO THOUSAND GUINEAS.
4to 1 agst Hospodar (offered)
9to 2 agst Saecharometer (taken)
11 to 1. agst Michael Scott (taken)
100 to 7 agst Tom Fool (offered)
7 to 4 agst Hospodar and Saccharometer, coupled

CHESTER CUP.
20 to 1 agst Stradella (offered)
25 to 1 agst Anfield (offered)
30 to 1 agat Le Marechal (taken)
33 to 1 agst Zetland (taken)
33 to 1 agst Caller On (taken)
33 to 1 agat Amelia (taken)
TILE DERBY.
sto 1 agst Lord Clifden (offered)
10 to 1 agst Saceharometer (taken)
12 to 1 agst Hospodar (offered)
23 to 1 agst Tom Fool (offareJ)
25 to 1 agst Automaton (taken)
25 to 1 agst Carnival (taken and offered)
1000 to 35 agst National Guard (taken)
30 to 1 agst J arniooton (taken)
40 to 1 agst Michael Scott (taken)
40 to 1 agst Rapid Rhone (taken and offered)
40 to 1 agst Taje (offered)
50 to 1 agst Early Purl (taken)
50 to 1 agat Pratique (offered)
1000 to 15 agst Munich (taken and offered)
1000 to 10 agst Baldwin (taken)
1000 to 10 agst Maccaroni (taken)
4000 to 33 agst Dunsinane (taken)
1000 to 8 agst Onesander (taken)

CITY BETTING—THIS DAY.
LIVERPOOL STEEPLECHASE.
20 to 1 agA Satellite (taken freely)
TWO THOUSAND.
4to lon the field (offered)
11 to 1 agst Michael Scott (taken)
CHESTER 'CUP.
20 to 1 agst Stradella (offered)
25 to 1 agst Anfield (offered)
33 to 1 agst Bleck Deer (offered)

We learn by a telegraphic
o r startedoug
that Mr. Verner, the son of Sir William V
interestiliiamVerfnorerLe h
hasb
message from iublin
as a candidate on the Conservative
of Lisburn.
The Lord-Lieutenancy of Wilts is now vacant by 1
the demise of the venerable Marquis of Lansdowne. It is I
rumoured that the Marquis of Ailesbury is likely to sue •
ceeto the office.—Salesbury Journal.
d, What a time it was," says the Reader," which
in politics includes such names as Chatham and
Holland—and their greater sons,—Burke and Barre
Sheridan and Windham, Camden and Mansfield; and in,
events such momentous epochs as the first Chatham Ad-
ministration, the great constitutional struggle waged round
the ignoble person of John Wilkes, the American war, and
the dawning of the French Revolution; which in litera-
ture and political science moves round J ohnsen and Gad-
smith, Adam Smith, Burke, Robertson and Gibbon ; which
saw the old school of fiction die out with Fielding, Richard-
son, and Smollett, the new inaugurated with Sterne, Miss
Burney, and Mrs. Inchhald ; which, in the painter's art,
takes in the last decennium of Hogarth and the dawn of
Lawrence, and covers the whole career of Reynolds, Gains-
borough, and Wilson; which, in the art of the stage, is
glorified by the genius of Garrick and Henderson,
m
Pritchard, Yates, and Siddons, Kitty Clive, and e
Abington ; and, in the literature of the theatre, 9__t
ri
comedies of Goldsmith and Column, Sheridan and
Govley.",

Dubl;

PNEUMATIC DESPATCH COMPANY.

The efforts of our engineers to make air do duty
as steam, to utilise the law by which air rushes in
with great force wherever a partial vacuum is

created, has at last in this company resulted in a
very practicable scheme by which parcels are trans-
mitted by a kind of air•post, somewhat atter the

same fashion as that by which the late Mr. Brunel
tried to propel cars on his atmospheric railway.
There is, however, this important difference be-
tween the twe plans, that, whereas Mr. Brunel's

looked very well in theory, it waa found all but

impossible its practice, while with the Pnegmatic

DespatchCompany the working, so far as it has yet
gone, is found in its cheapness and its expedition to

surpass the expectations which were formed of it.

At present only a length of about one third of a
mile has been laid from the arrival platform of
the Euston Station to the North-Western District

Post office, in versholt•street. This length, though
(pito sufficient to givo a fair sample of the speed
and power of this subterranean parcels' line, is, of
course, only the first step towards a regular series
of these " despatches," which are hereafter to

be laid so as to connect together all the great
railway stations and chief district post-offices.
Before entering further on the subject of
these future extensions we must explain what
the pneumatic despatch means, and how it is
carried into practice. The " tube," as at present
laid, is very like an elliptical gas main, 33 inches
high by 30 wide, and laid at an average depth of
, about nine feet below the road. Tne pipes of which

it is composed are made in nine feet lengths, with
socket jaints filled in with lead so as to keep them
perfectly airtight, and on the inside, at the bottom
of the tube, are cast iron rails, like miniature rail-

way metals, two feet apart. The car to run on

these is made of wrought iron, weighs nearly Bewt.,

is about eight feet long, and runs upon four wheels,

29 inches in diameter. In this short enumeration

we have described almost the whole of the plant

and rolling stock required for a pneumatic despatch
railway. The car we have spoken of, when placed
in the tube on the rails, is blown from end to end,
backwards or forwards, as it is wished. The way
in which this is accomplished is as simple as it is
ingenious. Air, like all other substances in nature,
has a weight of its own, which, though very light
—only 1/ oz. to the cubic foot—is nevertheless
enough to bring it under the influence of the laws
of centrifugal force, which give it a tendency to
fly off with more or less pressure, accord-
ing to the velocity with which it is whirled
round from a centre. This inevitable law is turned
to good account in working the parcels' despatch.
At each end of the tube we have described a hollow
iron wheel is erected, working in an airtight box.
This wheel is 21 feet in diameter, with a thickness
of about two feet at the nave or centre—a thickness
which gradually diminishes towards its outer cir-
cumference, so as to give it the same cubical con-
tents at the rim as at the middle. This wheel is con-
nected with a steam-engine of about 17-horse power,
which turns it at a velocity of from 70 to 90 miles
an hour, when the air which is drawn in through its
hollow centre is thrown off from its periphery with
a force which gives a pressure of from five to seven
ounces on the square inch, very nearly the pressure
of a hurricane, and all of which, by opening a valve
at the end of the tube, is driven through it with
almost irresistible velocity. The cars we have
already spoken of, when on the rails in the tube, fill
it almost completely, and expose a surface of nearly
five square feet to the blast. They are therefore
driven along it at the rate of nearly 30 miles an
hour. In literal fact the cars are either drawn or
driven along by what is virtually a chain of air
which costs nothing and of which the weight and
friction are almost nil. Nothing, in fact, can well
be simpler, cheaper, or mora effective than the
whole apparatus, and the ease and certainty with
which the wheel does its duty and sends one or
more cars, heavily laden, flying before it is asto-
nishing. At present, as we have said, the line is
only laid for a short length, but already by this
route the mail bags for the North-Western district
are despatched on the instant of their arrival at
Euston-Square, and though for this small distance
the saving of time effected amounts to only a few
minutes, yet such a saving promises to become im-
portant in proportion as the line is ex-
tended. It is intended to lay down forthwith
a line of 48-inch tubes to form pneumatic stations
in connexion with the Camden-town station of
the London and North-Western Railway ; a cen-
tral site in High Holborn ; the Smithfield Nev
Market ; in Gresham-street, in connection with the
large carrying firms for goods and parcels; the
General Post-office, Covent-garden market, and the
new terminus of the South-Eastern Railway at
Charing-cross. Tnie entire line, with its branches,
will be about five miles in length. Its cost, laid
complete, including stations, machinery, compensa-
tions, and purchase of sites, is estimated at
£131,000, and the whole, it is said, may be com-
pleted and brought into practical use within a year
from the commencement of the works. On this
outlay the directors calculate upon giving a net divi-
dend of not less than 10 per cent. per annum, but
on this point we can say nothing. It is stated
that Messrs. Pickford alone convey 400 tons of par-
cels a day through London at a cost of 9d. per ton
per mile, whereas the Pneumatic Company could
afford to do the same work quicker at a penny a ton
a mile, and yet be large gainers by the transaction.
But, paying or not paying, the public are sure to
gain from the labours of the new company by get-
ting their parcels transmitted throughout London
in a tenth of the time and for a tenth of the cost
now expended in sending them from one district to
another. Between the pneumatic despatch and the
subterranean railway thedayso
gugohotdts nsovbaefaswthnieph-
preaching when the ponderous
now ply between station and station shall disappear
for ever from the streets of London. If only this
result is brought about, the promoters of the two
schemes may be considered in the light of public
benefactors, and from this point of view alone we
are inclined to wish success to the exertions of the
Pneumatic Despatch Company. The engineers of
the undertaking are Mr. Rammel and Mr. Latimer
Clark.—Tines.

MARKETS—This Day.

HAY ➢iARKETS.

SMITHFIELD.—Meadow hay, £2 10s to £4 4s Od ; clover,
do., £3 lOs to £5 15s; and straw, £1 lOs to £1 18s per load.
Trade firm for good and prime qualities. Supply only mode
rate.
CUMBERLAND.—Meadow hay, £2 5s to £4 4s ; clover,
£3 10s to £5 15s Od ; and straw, £1 lOs to £1 18s per load.
A steady trade.
WHITCHAPEL.—Meadow hay, £2 6s to £4 4s ; clover
do., £3 108 to £5 15s ; and straw, £1 10s to £1 18a per load.
A moderate demand.

COLONIAL.
,i,„..—Thera has been a limited business transacted, and
' .es
a,,,, The market have remaine without material alteration.
PrA'v has been rather dull, but full prices
are current for good. grocery descriptions. Refined descrip-
tions have been in fair request at about previous quotations.
COFFEE.--A limited amount of business has been trans-
acted, and there is little variation to notice
RICE.—For the better cpalities of East India there has
been a fair demand, and prices are generally well main-
tained.

SALTPETRE.—Business has been dull, and prices have in
some instances tended downwards.
TALLOW.—The market has been unsettled, and prices
have shown some slight fluctuations. P.Y.C. on the spot,
however, is now quoted 44s 9d; and for last three months'
delivery, 46s 9d per cwt.