The Sun.
London, England, 1830-01-29 00:00:00

MR. OWEN.

ADDRESS TO THE OPERATIVE MANUFACTU-
RERS AND AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS IN
' GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.

Industry, properly directed, is the foundation of
wealth in human society; or in other words, know-
ledge and industry are the sources of all wealth,
except that ►vhich the earth spontaneously produces.
You have now more persevering industry than is
to be found, probably, among any other portion of
the human race.

You obtain less wealth, and are subject to more
care and anxiety than any other class.

It follows, that you are deficient in knowledge, or
these effects could not exist. Your skill and in-
dustry, rightly directed, are sufficient to produce
more wealth than you could beneficially use, and to
enable you to have your children educated to make
them superior, physically and mentally, to any of
the present generation.
But, to direct your skill and industry aright, you
require knowledge of a superior description to any
that has, yet been given to you; and, above all
things, you should endeavour to obtain this know-
ledge, for it will enable you to discover the neces-
sity for union of mind and action to relieve you from
the difficulties by which you are surrounded. And
it will also discover to you the impossibility of
being united in mind and action, while you shall be
compelled to live under a system, the foundation of
which is an error, forced from infancy into the minds
of the whole population, in direct opposition to every
known fact.

In consequence of this error, you have been
trained in a system•of deception, and in bad or in-
ferior habits; and thus have been made the lower
class in society, although you are the actual pro-
ducers of all the wealth which is consumed in the
British empire, and much that is consumed by the
population of many other districts, in distant parts
of the world; and yet by this system you are pre-
vented from producing more than a very small part,
"probably not one- tenth of the real wealth which your
present skill and industry, rightly directed, would
enable you to bring into existence.
such, then, is the necessity for you to acquire
knowledge, to relieve you from the system which
has placed you under such unfavourable circum-
stances, and which has afflicted you with so many
calamities.

You, and the existing population of the world
hare been compelled to become irrational in your
thoughts and actions, and hence the misery and
vicious character not only of your class, but of the
human race.

This irrational character has been created, by all
receiving the impressions from infancy that they
possess the power to feel and to think as they
please, although as coon as an unprejudiced judg-
ment can be applied to the subject, it becomes evi-
dent that there never existed one single fact to
prove the supposition thus formed and steadily main-
tained in the human mind, through all ages which
have passed. . . . .

It is this error which has created universal dis-
union among the human race. It is this error which
now keeps you in bondage to your employers ; to
the non-producing classes, and to all the vicious cir-
cumstances which have necessarily arisen from the
system of society founded on this error.
Try to feel differently from what you are forced
to feel ; try to think differently from the conviction
which you are compelled to receive, and the impos-
sibility of effecting either, will break the spell pro-
duced by this most calamitous of all errors. Your
mental chains will he slur asunder; you will com-
mence a new existence, and the road to the highest
win ties and most permanent happiness will be straight
before you, and most easy of attainment.
Acquire the knowledge which this simple expe-
riment will give, and you will soon attain moral
courage sufficient to enable you to look with pity
upon those who, through the effects of this error,
have been compelled to oppress you, even upon
those who may be engaged at this moment in active
measures to endeavour to rivet more securely those
chains by which they suppose you are held in
bondage to them.
The invaluable knowledge which you 01 thus
acquire, will destroy all germs of anger and desire of
revenge, and it will fill you with compassion for
your oppressors and opponents. You will at once
perceive the cause of the malady which urges them
on to the destruction of their own happiness, and
the well-being of all their fellows ; and you will
have no other feeling but a desire to remove the
cause of their malady, and to do them all the good
in your power. But you will have no merit for
this conduct, because the knowledge which you will
acquire, by the means recommended, will compel
you thus to feel, to think, and to act.
A new day will arise upon you, in which there
will be no desire on the part of any to oppress or
to offend; and every one will be, of necessity, filled
with charity and kindness for all his race.

Be not afraid that this change in human affairs
will not be now accomplished; for there are none to
oppose its progress, except fora little time, because
it vill be discoNered to be for the interest of all
that it should be now effected. It will benefit
every one from the highest to the lowest; nor is
there now any power in mat►, whatever inclination
may exist, to stay its course, except for a short
period.
Truth will henceforward take the place which
error has occupied in directing the transactions of
the world : sincerity will supersede deception, virtue
rice, and happiness misery.
Acquire this knowledge of the laws of yotir
nature; spread it widely among your class; teach it
to your children; wait calmly and patiently; but
be of good courage,, and you will see what great
things will be accomplished without force or vio-
lence, for you and all mankind.

ROBERT OWEN.
49, Bedford-equare, January, 1830.

EMIGRATION.

We have been favoured with a series of papers
from the capital of Nova Scotia, which contain
a variety of interesting intelligence relative to
emigration. The following are extracts
" We hope shortly to be able to lay before
the public a statement of what has been done
during the past season, towards the emigratin
population from the Mother Country. This
t
statement, should we have it in our power to
complete it, will, we are inclined to believe,
prove highly satisfactory. The number of Emi-
grants who have landed at this port during the
summer has been unusually great, and may be
fairly estimated at 17,000 or 18,000, includings
children, not always returned among the pas-
sengers. Of these there were 10,000 and. up-
wards from Ireland, 3,300 from England, and
2,500 from Scotland, including children. Of
those persons, the total settled in this province
is 3,500 ;in Upper Canada, 8,000. The re-
mainder are supposed to be scattered through
the United States, and many, as; experience
has shown,may,,be: ex.peeted batik agaiii tirbe-
come, hereafter, profitable settlers in the Canadas.
It may be remarked, in this place, that the
greater number of those who have passed through
the provinces to settle in the United States are
Englishmen ; and we should deeply regret the
truth of this fact, were it not easy to account
for it, by the success with which the efforts of
American speculators have been seconded by
their agents in the country parts of England, and
by the little information as yet disseminated there
respecting the advantages and capabilities of these
provinces. It appears certain that the Canadas -
stand at present in much !lighter estimation with
our Scottish and Irish brethren than with
Englishmen, who, however, emigrate in fewer
numbers than either of the former. With re-
spect to actual settlement near Quebec, we are
happy to state that in various situations in the
vicinity of Craig's-road, and in other parts of
this district, there have been located (to use
a word generally adopted) three hundred and
fifty families, of whom seventy-five have settled
in the township of Inverness. The capital
Possessed by these settlers is fairly estimated at
25,0001. Notwithstanding the unusual influx
of strangers (luring the stunner, it is worthy
-
of remark that the number of unemployed
poor is by no means proportionably in-
creased. On the contrery, we have good reason
to believe that Quebec and its neighbourhood
were never more free from this burthen than at
the present moment. The facility with which
locations are now obtained is one cause, and
amply sufficient, alone, to account for it. There
has been a pretty general. error in imagining
that the settlers who arrive from Europe are al-
most universally paupers. Hence has arisen
the coldness with which the mere influx of
numbers, without capital, has been viewed by
persens who otherwise had the welfare of these
provinces much at heart. During the late
season, our inquiries have led us to a perfectly
different conclusion. It is a bold thing to say,
but strong ground exists fbr believing that the
amount of capital brought into the province by
the settlers of the season will not fall short of
150,0001. Various instances have come to our
knowledge where emigrants have possessed in
cash from one hundred to one hundred and
twenty pounds. The party headed by a Mr.
Jones, and who arc now settled in Upper Canada,
brought with them 20,0001. in cash. Two in
had, the one fourteen, and the other,
whose name we have forgotten, and echo arrived
in the ship Clarkson, dabs. weight of sovereigns.
Many officers on the half-pay of the army and
navy, brought with them considerable sums.
The benefit to the provinces by the progress of
emigration and new settlements, without any
visionary idea, must be considered of vast import-
ance. When we regard the increased number
of persons arriving, aid remaining as settlers in
the province—the money expended by them,
and the capital they possess ; the favourable con-
dition of the working proportion ; the few un-
employed and unproductive poor, notwithstand-
ing so large an influx of emigra nta; and the
great extent of settlement, even in this district
it is impossible to deny that the prospect is
cheering, and the consequences to be anticipated
highly interesting and satisfactory. In every
part of the province, opinion seems to have
changed to a decidedly favourable direction, and
emigration and new settlements, forte-telly viewed
with suspicion or indifference, now excite feel-
ings the most liberal and inspiriting. Land has
advanced in value, in various proportions, but
still has advanced. In the line of the Craig's
Road, it has increased 50 per cent., and in Sio-
ncram and Tewsbury more than double. Look-
ing at the operations of the summer, it would be
an act of injustice to pass over the indefatigable
exertions of the gentleman appointed by the Itn-
perial Government to reside here as agent for
settlers and emigrants. We are far from saying
that his labours, which are known to have been
freely bestowed, have alone produced the effects
we have above alluded to ; but we may say,
without any
.fear of contradiction, that they have
materially promoted the present state of things,
as restards emigration and new settlements in
the Canadas.

" INDIANA.—The emigration to Indiana
during the present fall has been unparalleled.
Notwithstanding the unfavourable weather for
some time past, and the extreme badness of the
roads,- moving families are yet seen in consider-
able numbers, all bound fbr the Wabash. The
principal part of those who have passed through
this place are settling in the district around La
Fayette. A person in Centreville, Indiana, has
counted 700 moving waggons, passing through
one street in that place within little more than
two months, and it is supposed that 300 more
passed through in the same time by another
road. Upwards of 18,000 dollars was received
at the ,Land-office at Indianopolis, during the
month of October, and it is stated that the
amount received at Crawfordsville within the
same time is still greater."

The passage through:the Regent's Canal has
been kept open during the frost by means of ice-boakso the
sharp prows of which have been propell,d with such force
as to break through every obstacle.
INDEPENDENCE OF THE PRESS.-111
Ohio editor declines publishing an obituary notice of two
columns, on the death of an infant three months old !
deeming it rather too long ; and for which refueal the
writer stopped his paper,...../yew y0,.4 Paper.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

BOW-STREET.

Yesturdly a private in the Coldstream Guirdi,
named Curry, was. placed at the bar, charged with
baying stolen a quantity of straw plat, the property
of a publican in Chandos-street, named Austin.
The prisoner, who denied the charge, was com-
mitted for further examination.

Last night Elizabeth Spinks was charged by Mr.
Rhodes, proprietor of the Coal-hole Tavern, in the
Strand, with having stolen a twenty-pound note, the
property of a gentleman who slept a few nights ago
in that house.

The prisoner, it appeared, has been occiasionany
employed by Mr. Rhodes as a charwoman. On
'Tuesday night a gentleman, who had drank rather
net ly in the house, was prevailed upon by the pro-
prietor to take a bed up stairs. The prisoner and
one of the waiters assisted him to the bed-room.
The next morning he missed the note in question,
but the prisoner denied all knowledge of it. It was
discovered,- however, in the course of yesterday,
that 3116 had been making inquiries at her lodgings
in Bull Inn-court, respecting a bank note for 201.
which she alleged she had lost.- A servant girl in
the houtei—named Eliza Cleeson, wa.; seen by the
landlord early yesterday morning to pick up a piece
of paper on the stairs, which, he said, had all the
appearance of a bank-note. The girl, however,
when brought forward last night, denied all know-
ledge of the circumstance; and the prisoner re-as-
serted her entire innocence of the robbery. tier
room, however, had been searched in the course of
the slay, and, although no trace could he discovered
of the bank-note, a decanter belonging to Mr.
Rhodes was found in the prisoner's box.
Sir R. BIRNIE observed, it was more dial; pro-
bable that the prisoner had either stolen the note
or picked it up in the gentleman's bed-room, and
afterwards dropped it in her own lodging, where the
girl Cleeson found it.
The prisoner was then remanded, and Elizabeth
Cleeson was also committed to prison for further
examination.