The Sun.
London, England, 1830-02-02 00:00:00

FROST.

The names, your Grace ?—we've many more:
Of Lords I'll show, at least, two score.
And as for Soe'reigns, here are plenty,
I dare say I can shew you twenty—
And, then, for Orders,—bless my Stars!
I've more than those who've fought the wars.

DUKE.
And is that all ?—A sad account—
Twenty, you say ?—a poor amount ;
For, Frost, you surely must remember,
I gave you 1,1111 this last November.
As for your Orders, curse such trash,
I hate all paper—give me cast'

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

TATTERSALL'S.

TIM FOUR PER CENTS.

Six,.--Though I am perfectly ready to admit that GO-
verntnent has every tight to repay its debts, in the same
way that private individuals would repay theirs, whenever
those debts can be first reduced to the same class, yet I ap-
prehend that in practice those debts, when even most as-
similated, are seldom so reduced : and that were they so
still, that no private individual ever does, or could, offer to
repay debts in the way in which you would propose for
Government to pay off the Four per Cents., that is, with-
"tit either having itself the mean, or being really able to
borrow tbem.

Debts, whether private or public, are by nature equally
susceptible of two distinct forms. They might be made
payable, on demand, or they might be made expressly not
so. It is, however, this difference of form which alone
renders either liable to different claims of repayment. In
us far as private debts are, by custom, most usually made
payable on demand, they would indeed be generally under-
stood to he equally, if not rather, repayable also at the will
of the borrower. The rule only means to give a perfect
latitude, as to time, to both parties ; still this is liable to
special restriction. Private debts may be charged also
upon annuities, or in the common form, if a great capi-
ta►ist has also credit, by which he may at times influence
the public market, and can be suspected of meaning to
employ this power merely for some private purpose, then
the lender would of course have reason to restrict him.
But we know that this case can seldom occur ; and that
when it does, it may seem sufficiently guarded against by
the power expressly given to the lender to recall the loan
at any moment.
In as far as public debts arc usually made of the diffe-
rent form, they would, on the contrary, be naturally
understood to contemplate no time of repayment whatever,
such as public stocks, which profess, upon the face of
them, to be only perpetual annuities.
These, however, are rendered, in a certain degree, re-
payable, though not like the• former, on demand. But
by a special regulation, which by assuming a capital, for
them to be repaid at somewhat above the price at which
they were taken, secures that they can only be repaid at a
bonus; and we know that there are cases in which that
has been thought insufficient, when it has been further
expressly stipulated that the higher stocks should not he
repaid till after a certain proportion of other stocks, a
principle far more evident than the justice with which we
have seen it evaded by arbitrary power.
Still, I grant, that under these stipulations both kind of
debts become, in some sense, repayable; but the case of
the great capitalist again recurs, with this addition, that
in Government he is always at hand, and without the same
salutary restriction; and if you are at all right that Go-
vernment may only threaten its creditors, and thus com-
pel them to take less without borrowing at all, then the
abuse is evidently unlimited.
Whoever would seriously endeavour to borrow one hun-
dred and forty-six millions, for instance, to pay off the
Four per Cents., would only find that the interest of money
would rise in consequence, and effectually stop his process.
If he could indeed by any means succeed, he must thereby
have created a fresh market, in which the creditor could
invest.

10 THE EDITOR OF' THE SUN.

No business was done yesterday but in the Derby, which
has again undergone some important fluctuations. There
has been a report that Brunswicker had started from the
North on his road to Newmarket. This, we believe, is
not the fact, as tLe north countrymen are better judges
than to risk such a horse in such unfavourable weather..
If tie frost holds two or three weeks longer, the backers
of this fancy nag will have some cause to tremble, for
there will not be too much time for preparation. From
this reason the odds about him were taken with great ti-
midity, while Mummer advanced to even betting with the
call. Cressida was kicked freely, and left off third fa-
vourite, with a strong party. Cetus was backed to 300/.
at 14 to 1, by a gentleman who ought to know what he
can do. Some wag reported that he had been tried with
Mummer (with skates, we presume), and had got the best
of it. Of the betting generally the uninitiated should be
cautious at this period, for whenever the weather opens
the change will be rapid and important. The following
was the result of yesterday's business :

S to 1 agst Sir Mark Wood's The Mummer
8 to 1 agst Mr. Petre's Brunswieker
10 to 1 agst Mr. Chifney's Cressida colt
10i to 1 agst Lord Cavendish's Mouse colt
13 to 1 agst Lord Cleveland's Wat Tyler (taken)
14 to 1 agst Sir M. Wood's Cetus (taken) •
17 to 1 agst Lord Exeter's Mahmoud
25 to 1 agst Lord Sefton's Sal colt
28 to 1 agst Mr. Ramsbottom's Zucharelli
30 to 1 agst Lord Sefton's Captain Arthur
35 to 1 agst Duke of Grafton's Rupert
35 to 1 agst Mr. Petre's The Major (taken)
1000 to 10 agst Sir M. Wood's Zoraida colt (taken)

Could he even do this fairly by degrees, the effect would
be the same, though perhaps somewhat disguised by being
slower.

Your other proposal, that of partially selecting a few of
the more refractory, to intimidate all the rest, might in-
deed succeed, to avoid paying at all, but it would be alto-
gether an act of mere arbitrary power and flagrant injus-
tice. We know, that wherever any such partial tem-
ment has i❑ practice been tolerated, it has been stipulated
that the selection should he by open ballot, purposely to
exclude the possibility of such an abuse.
I have only to add, that even though I admit the right,
yet then there is a question as to the policy. Go-
vernment must of course look forward to the borrowing
again, when it will have to pay dearly for having yielded
itself to any such delusive subterfuges.
I am, Sir, one who really never was, nor is likely to be,
a holder of Four per Cents., but am

Your humble servant,

-- -
ETON EDUCATION.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

A. C.

SIR,—I was very glad to see in your Paper of Friday
last a letter to the Rev. Dr. Keate, bead master of Eton
College, upon the subject of " Neglect of Eton Boys," as
the article was headed. It is a very good thing that the
defects in the system of any public establishment should be
exposed to the public, but more especially those of such
an establishment as Eton, where the flower of our aristo-
cracy are principally educated, and are supposed to receive
those fundamental instructions which are to be their guides
in after life. Your correspondent Philo argues with "great
justice, that the system of Eton should keep pace with the
times; and that an establishment, remaining in the same
state as it was a century back, must be considered rather as
preventing than forwarding the good of society. That the
system of Eton has been fundamentally the same as it was
one hundred years back, till within the last two years, is a
fact which can be denied by no one, not even the masters
themselves; and that this sy stem is itself on some points
grossly reproachable is u fact equally undeniable. To
prove to you, and the public, that I do not make an un-
founded assertion, I will, if you please, commence by at-
tacking the defects in the literary part of the system. I
was myself at Eton for ten years, and during a part of that
time on the foundation. I may the►efore be allowed to
know as much of Eton from personal experience, as will
be quite sufficient to warrant me in finding fault with its
defects, and praising what good points 1 know to exist in
the system. In the first place then it may be expedient to
corroborate in the most unqualified manner the statement
of Philo respecting his son's education. It is perfectly
true that a boy, so inclined, may go from one school-
time's end to another, without getting up in a proper
manner one third of the lessons which are for the form to
which he belongs ; and the reason is plain: There are as
many as seventy boys go in a division to construe their
lessons to a master ; out of these seventy he selects any boy
he pleases to examine the lesson. There are generally not
above three of the boys examined in a school-time, which
lasts from three quarters of an hour to an hour ; so that
in each division, of which there are about twelve in the
upper school, at least sixty-seven of the boys, upon an
average, are unexamined in every lesson. This statement
clearly shows the scope that is given to an idle boy for the
indulgence of his idle propensities. A master of Eton
may say in answer to this, " yes ! but then the boys con-
strue their lessons to their tutors before each school-time."

I answer, " very true ! but then it is only ralucing the
scale of seventy to twenty, and it is the some thing again ;
so that take the thing in whatever way you please, there
are at least two-thirds of the school never examined in any
lesson. I fear I have extende.i my letter to an unwar-
rantable length. But, if yon please, as I have begun I
will continue, and point out ever and anon in a letter to
you the abuses and defects of Eton. Not, however, ne-
lecting to praise where praise is due, I pledge myself to
" Nothing extenuate, nor aught set down in malice."
ETONENSIS ALUMNUS.
-- College, Cambridge, Feb. I, 1830.

2000 to 400—aget Mouse and \Vat Tyler (taken)

Mr. PEEL is already in possession of all the
portraits of his colleagues in office, painted by Sir THOMAS
LAWRENCE, with the solitary exception of the Loan
CHANCELLOR, who had agreed to sit a few days before his
fatal illness.

Early in the week all the pictures painted by
Sir THOMAS LAWRENCE for the KIND, and which are
intended to decorate the Waterloo Gallery, when it is
finished, were removed from the late President's house, in
Russell-square, to Windsor Castle, by the special com-
mand of his MAJESTY. They are 33 to 34 in number.—
Sir WM. KNIGHTON cage to town for the express pur-
pose of arranging the removal of this series of portraits.
Sir THOMAS LAWRENCE'S Will is not yet
proved ; but an abstract of it has been given by the
executor to a few individuals. The invaluable collection
of drawings by MICHAEL ANGELO, RAIMAXL, RUBENS,
REMBRANDT, LEONARDO DA VINCI, Guano, and the
other old masters, which coat the President upwards of
37,000/., are to be offered to the KIND for 18,000/. ; and,
in case of refusal, to Mr. PEEL, Lord DUDLEY, the Royal
Academy, and some others, at 20,000/. If they should all
refuse to purchase, they are to be sold by auction at the
end of one year.
THE FOREIGN LITERARY GAZETTE)
No. 5, will be published to-morrow, and contain, among
other articles, the Russian Byron's Don Juan—An inte-
resting Review cf the Present State of Egypt—Arcana of
the Bull's Eye at Versailles—View of the Population,
Finances, Trade, &c., of the United States, 1829—Poems
on the late Nuptials of FERDINAND Vll.—Expose of the
Actual State of II mover—Original Correspondence from
Paris, Rome, Berlin, Leyden, &c.--,The Island of Java,
its People, Manners, Scc.-Reviews—Literary Notices—
Memoranda in Science, the Fine Arts; &c.—Published
every Wednesday, by W. A. SCRIPPS, 7. Wellington-
street, Strand ; and to he had of all Th.oksellers, News-
vender., Scc., price Trnpence ; or One Shilling, stamped.

MR. OWEN.

TO THE POLITICAL ECONOMISTS AND
UTILITARIANS.

FELLOW•LABOURERS IN THE CAUSE OF HUMAN
IMPROVEMENT,—You have long occupied yourselves
in attempts, to elicit the principles on the practice
of which society is to be rendered wealthy and happy.
Upon these points, however, you have not yet
satisfied yourselves or others ; but your search for
truth on these important sub,;ects is, nevertheless
cominucd, with unabated energy and interest.
That your pursuits are highly important and praise-
worthy, all must readily acknowledge; yet, from
causes which may now be rendered obvious, you
have hitherto laboured in vain; for with much learn-

ing, great ingenuity, and extraordinary acuteness of
certain intellectual faculties, you have, through many
words, made that which is plain and simple in itself
a most involved and perplexed theory, unintelligible
to those who desire to obtain knowledge from facts,
and to apply that knowledge to practice for the ge-
neral benefit of society. .

One party desires that wealth may superabound;
and the other that the greatest amount of happiness
shall be secured to the greatest number. The latter
includes the former; but the former does nut ne-
cessarily include the latter; for there may be, and
often is, a superfluity of riches which tends to pro-
duce partial happiness only for the few, and misery
for the many.

The Utilitarians, therefore, aim at the highest ob-
ject, and at that which most deserves the attention
of rational beings ; for the investigation of the
means by which to produce the greatest amount of
happiness for the greatest number, is a subject which
must ever deeply interest the best and most intelli-
gent of the human race.
By taking a somewhat different view to that
which you have hitherto done, of the means by
which wealth and happiness are to be produced, it
will now, perhaps, be possible for you to discover
how these may be obtained and permanently secured
to all; for until all shall be made to possess them, it
will be impracticable for the few permanently to
enjoy either.
The direct road to the attainment of wealth and

happiness is only to be found through a correct
knowledge of the fundamental laws of human nature ;
of the conditions which are necessary for its happi-
ness, of the best means by which those conditions
can be obtained, and permanently secured to all.
The most important fundamental laws of human
nature and the conditions essential to its happiness,
are annexed.

From a consideration of these laws and conditions

in connexion with each other, it is evident that there
is but one mode by which mankind can secure for
themselves a permanent sulfide icy of wealth and a

full enjoyment of happiness. It consists in creating
a new arrangement of circumstances, which shall
form for each individual a character so superior, phy-
sically, mentally, and morally, that a due exercise of
all his faculties alone, will be sufficient to obtain for
him, in'a rational state of existence, a full supply of
those things which are essential to the happiness of
human nature. In a developement of the means by

which this new arrangement of circumstances can
be formed, a knowledge of the science of the influ-
ence of circumstances will be found indispensable ;
for this science it is which explains the origin of
good and evil, and which exhibits the means by
which evil may henceforward be extracted from
human society, and good alone retained.
For as the circumstances in which human nature
is placed are of a vicious, or virtuous, or of a rational
or irrational character, so will be the general charac-
ter of all the populrvion placed within those circum-
stances, varied only in the character of each indi-
vidual by the difference at birth in the organization
of each, united to the difference of time and place
when and where the impressions of those eireum-

stanced are received, and the order and strength by
which they are made to act upon the individual.
A first Essay to direct the application of these
principles to practice has been made in an exposé,
which has been submitted to the consideration of
the British Cabinet ; but perhaps your learning, in-
genuity, acuteness, and practical knowledge, may
enable you to suggest a better mode of applying these
principles to practice, than the outlines proposed in
that expose. In this case you cannot perform a
greater service to your fellow beings, than by giving
the result of that knowledge to the public; and, if
it shall appear to be founded on reason, arid of a
practical nature, no one will more sincerely rejoice
or be more willing to aid, to the full extent of his
abilities, in its reduction to practice, than
Your friend and servant,
ROBERT OWEN.
49, Bedford-square, Jan. 29, IS O.

FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF HUMAN NATURE.
Ist. That human nature, in the aggregate, is a
compound consisting of animal propensities, intellec-
tual faculties, and moral qualities.
2d. That these propensities, faculties, and quali-
ties, are united in different proportions in each indi-
vidual.
3d. That this difference in the proportion of the
same general propensities, faculties, and qualities,
constitutes the original difference between one indi-
vidual and another.
4th. That this difference in each, is made by a
power unknown to the individual, and, therefore,
without his knowledge or consent.
5,h. That each individual comes into existence,
within certain external circumstances, and that these,
acting upon his peculiary original organizat ion, during
the early period of his life, impress their general
character upon him ; and that thus the local and
national character of each individual is formed in-
dependently of himself.
Gth. That the influence of these general external
circumstances, is modified in a particular manner, by
the peculiar organization of each individual; and
that thus, the distinctive character of each is formed
and maintained through life.
7th. That no infant has the power of deciding at
what period of time, or in what part of the world, he
shall come into existence; of what parents he shall
be born, in what particular religion he shall be
trained ; or by what other external circumstances
he shall be surrounded, from birth to death.
LITERATURE.—The following New `'corks i Bth. That each individual is so organised, that,
are just ready for publication by Messrs. COLBIIIIN and when young, he may be made to receive ; either
BENTLEY, New Buriington-street :-1. The Adventures true ideas derived from a knowledge of facts; or
of an Irish Gentleman, written by himself, 3 vols.-2, to receive false notions, derived from the imagine-
The Life of Major-General Sir THOMAS Muerte., Bart., I tion, unsupported by, or in opposition to fuels.
K.C.8., late Governor of Madras, with Extracts from 9th. That each individual is so organised, that he
his Correspondence and Private Papers ; by the Rev. Mr. must, necessariy become irrational, when he is made
from infancy to receive, as truths, false notions; and
GLEIO ; with fine portrait-3. Darnley, or, " The Field
can only become rational, when he shall be made,
of the Cloth of Gold,'' a Tale, by the Author of " Riche- ' front infancy, to receive• true ideas, unaccompanied
lieu"-4. Lord GLxxcALL's Comedy of The Follies of by any of an opposite character.
Fashion-5. Memoirs and Correspondence of Thomas I 10th. That each individual is so organised, that,
JEFFERSON, late President of the United States; the third
i when young, he may be trained to acquire injurious
and concluding volume—and 6. Tales of the Classics, a
habits only, or beneficial habits only ; or that he
new delineation of the most popular Fables, Legends, and ,
e made to acquire a mixture of both.
Allegories, commemorated in the works of Poets, Painters, n may
and Sculptors; selected and written by a Lady, for the 11th. That each individual is so organised, that
amusement and instruction of her own daughters ; 3 vols. he must believe, according to the strongest convic-
-245. neatly bound. Idon that is made upon his mind ; and that this eon-
SIR THOMAS MuNno.—The Life of Sir ViCti" cannot be given to him by his will ; but,
that the will is generally formed by the conviction
Tuomas Murz AO, late Governor of Madras, just published,
by the Rev. G. R. GLEIG, under the sanction of the family, which he is compelled to receive.
comprises an immense number of letters Is his relations 12th. That each individual is so organised, that
and friends. The Editor observes in his preface that " the he must like that which is pleasant to him, or in
many striking and important transactions in which he other words, that which produces upon him agree-
eganised, that
agree-
bore a part ; the high and responsible offices which he able sensations; and dislike that which is unpleasant
filled; the friendships which he contracted with most of to him, or in other wordQ, that which ro4accs in
the distinguished characters of the age; and the estimation him disagreeable sensations and that 4 cannot
is which he was held by them,—these circumstances have know, previous to eepe;ience, vdiat particular sef,teae
all contributed to draw hint more generally into notice,
than almost any Indian functionary of modern times; lions
whilst the attention thus excited, has rarely failed to be his will is forined for hi;;-,, by the effect, either lin-
kept alive, by an examination, however superficial, into
Mediate or more remote, ullich circumstances pro-
th.
sh
hat deiavci ,alit)iitstlatiino organised, that
his own merits and gervices. No apology, therefore, seems :rohhojttec
eachts
idi%llill.,:llid(poiiir:lo,g,iidotti;ca
necessary for the attempt now made, to make his country-
men in general better acquainted than they are with the
ntjoutele4Otrotilliy,' will, his feelinos and Id, are
history of a man of whom Mr. CANNING, with no less ,
truth than elegance, has declare 1, that "Europe never formed fin' him by the effect of the impressions
producedfectaein haat:
eosr?
s accomplished
more
sk i
iskilful
soldier."
;. nor India, so which circumstances produce upon his individual On•
ganisation;
.hut that his whole character, physical,

mental, and moral, is also thus formed, independently
qf himself.
15th. That each indi anal is so organised; that
impressions which, at their commencement, and for
a limited time, produce agreeable sensations, will, if
continued without intermission, beyond a certain
period, become, first, indifferent, then disagreeable,
and ultimately painful.
16th. That each individual is so organised, that
when, beyond a certain degree of rapidity, impres-
sions succeed each other, the effect produced is to
dissipate, weaken, and otherwise injure his physical,
mental, or moral powers, and to diminish his enjoy-
ment.

17th. That each individual is so organised, that

his highest health, his greatest progressive improve-
ment, and his perma►►ent happiness, depend upon
the due cultivation of all his physical, intellect uhl, and
moral faculties and powers; upon all these constitu-
ent parts of his nature being called into action at a
proper period of life; and upon their being afro.-
wards temperately exercised, according to the
strength and capacity of the individual.
18th. That each individual is so organised, that
he is made to receive a vicious, unhappy, or what
is commonly called the bad character, when he has
been created at birth with a►► unfavourable propor-
tion of the general propensities, [acuities, and
qualities, of our common nature; and, that, when
so unfortunately organisedi lie has been placed,
from birth, amidst the most unfavourable circum-
s!ances.

19th. That each individual is so organised that

he is made to receive what is called a Medium cha-
racter, when he has been created at birth, with a
favourable proportion of the general propensities,
faculties, and qualities of our common nature, and
when the external circumstances which surround
him from birth, are such as to produce continued
vicious or unfavourable impressions.
Or, when he has been created with an unfavour-
able proportion► of these propensities, faculties, and
qualities, and when the external circumstances in
which he is placed, are of a character to impress
him with favourable sensations only :
Or, when he has been created with a favourable
proportion of some of these propensities, faculties,
and qualities, and an unfavourable proportion of
others; and when the individual has been placed,

through life, in varied external circumstances which
mike on him impressions, which produce some good
and some evil sensations.

This last compound has hitherto been the general

lot of mankind.

VOth. That each individual is so organised, that
he is made to receive a superior character, when his
original organisation is such as to contain the hest
proportion of the propensities, faculties, and quali-
ties of which human nature is formed,and when the
circumstances which surround the individual from
birth, are of a character to make impressions upon
him, which produce superior sensations only ; or,
in other words, when the circumstances or laws, in-
stitutions, and customs, under which he lives, are all
in unison with the laws of his nature.

CONDITIONS ESSENTIAL TO HUMAN HAP•
PINESS

Ist. The possession of a good organisation, phy-
sical, mental, and moral.
2d. 'l':►e power of procuring►, at pleasure, what-
ever is necessary to keep the organisation in the
best state of health.

3d. That an education shall be given to the whole
population, which shall cultivate in the best manner,
from infancy to maturity, their physical, intellectual,
and moral powers.
4th. The inclination and the means of promoting
the happiness of our fellow beings.
sth. The inclination and the means of conti-
nually increasing our stock of knowledge.
6th. The means of enjoying a superior society ;
and more especially, the power of associating, at
pleasure, with those, for whom we cannot avoid
feeling the most regard, and the greatest affection.
7th. The means of travelling at pleasure.
Bth. A release from superstition, from superna-
tural fears, and from the dread of death.

9th. That the origin of evil shall be removed
from society ; that is, the supposition that man has
been so constituted, us to have the power of feeling
and thinking as he pleases, and that in consequence
of the removal of this erroneous supposition, that
all shall be enabled to speak only what they fell
and think.

10th. That all the laws, institutions, and arrange-
ments of society, shall be in accordance with the
laws of human nature.

Lord STEwAnT, the eldest son of the Earl
Of CASTLE-STEWART, Will shortly be married to idles
Rurnuasr, a grand-daughter of the Bishop of NORWICH.
Soule circumstances in the lady's family are sad and sin-
gular. Her father, who went abroad some years ago on
a Continental excursion, has never since been heard of ;
he was traced as far as Florence, where all clue to inquiry
ceased, and his fate has never been even suspected. The
melancholy death of her sister is bettor known, in the tra-
gical end she came to while riding out at Rome, where she
fell from her horse, and was precipitated into the Tiber
and drowne 1. Another of this fancily is married to ➢lr.
HETON DE CRESPIGNY. The young lady in question is
very I retty, and highly accomplished.

. .
ILFORD, FF.B. 2.—PROVINCIAL DISTIIES3,
Nowhere has distress been deeper felt by the labouring
class of society than at the small village of Ilford in Essex,
during the late inclement season ; indeed so great has been
the poor man's suffering that most of their families have
hul neither food nor fire to comfort them, which would
have continued had not the laudable exertions of the
surrounding gentlemen aided their distressed situation by
affording them coals. 11. DARE, Esq. a magistrate, as—
sisted by Mr. THOMPSON, have forwarded a donation of
coals, Bce. ; and the proprietors of the different villages
have also exerted themselves in a similar way, particularly
a Mr. Wool), residing at Ilford, The example set by the
above gentleman will it is hoped be followed by others
equally capable of relieving the distress of their suffering
fellow-creatures.

The Literary Union Club has almost reached
500 members, and the entrance fee is already doubled on
new candidates. Many such advances are likely to take
place before they number 1,000 members. It is said that
this Club will occupy the present University house in
Suffolk.street, as soon as the latter have built their in-
tended magnificent establishment, which is to surpass even,
the Atheuxuna. The University have now, we hear,
1,100 candidates waiting for admission, and unless they
make more baste, a junior club will be formed from
these eager expectants. It is hoped that the Literary
Union will steer clear of the errors of most other clubs,
and have acting and efficient men on their Committee.
The Union Club can furnish them with wale useful re-
gulations.

ROYAL SOCIETY.--SAFETY AGAINST
FlRE.—On Thursday evening the Royal Society held their
periodical meeting. The President, D. GILBERT, Esq.
in the Chair. The attendance was numerous, probably
to w:tness the experiments of the Chevalier ALDINI, of
Bologna, " for preserving human life from fire." The
Chevalier handled red-hot pokers as freely as he would
walking-sticks, imd also supplied " ashes s' gloves, by
which those ot the company who chose to make the tlial
were euabled to do the same. He informed the company
that lie had succeeded in constructing an apparatus, or
lather clothing, to preserve persons from injury whet aro
exposed to flames, the efficacy of which had bee;, proved
at Geneva, where he showed the firemen thatlB Aliger, en-
veloped first in asbestos, and then in a da,,k4te.caw of .wire-
gauze, might be held in the flame wi A spirit-lamp, or
candle, for a long tune before inkoavenient heat was felt
and then clothing them gr4.,,tilly, accustomed them to the
fi,rcest flames. A f4::eman having his hawd its a double
asbestos glove, ',s,ud guarded in the pt.IM by a piece of as-
-1 esteq cioth, laid hold of 4 large piece Of red-hot iron,
c.,:;red it slowly to tkle distance of one hundred and, ,illy
feet, then set t.ti‘aw on fire by it, and immediately locougl;it
it It ell the furnace, the hand not being at all'injured in
Si'ct experiment. Another 'experiment tok..ied to the de-
fooce of the head, the eyes, and tho Luigi. The fireman
put on only an asbestos and wire,gauze cap, and a cuirass,
and held a shield befttae his breast. A fire of shavings
was then lighted in a chafing-dish, and the fireman plunged
head ink) the middle of the flames, with his face tas.
wards tin' fuel, and in that way went several times revoul
the chafing-dish fur a period :hove a niMute in duration.
The Chevalier stated that he had an application &fere his
tl tjesty's Ministeis for a space of ground, and adequate
opportunities, to exhibit his experiments, lie r,t red
from the room amid the plaudits of the company.