The Sun.
London, England, 1837-08-29 00:00:00

FIRE AT SURAT.

We are indebted to Mr. Court, of the Underwriters=
room, for a copy of the Bombay Gazette of the 3d of May,
received by the Caledonia, Captain Strovan, which arrived
at this port on Saturday evening. It contains an account
of an awful and destructive fire, which had destroyed
three-fourths of Surat (comprising from 5,600 to 6,000
houses), above 500 lives, and an immense quantity of pro-
perty. The fire originated in the house of a Parsee, but
whether from accident or design had not been ascertained.
Be that as it may, the fire was at first neglected, the neigh-
bours refusing to allow water from their wells to extinguish
it. The fire spread through the best part of Surat. Tho
beat and dryness of the season aided the combustion, and
the conflagration was soon beyond the power of man to
controul. It raged, with terrific fierceness, from Monday
evening until midnight on Tuesday, when it burnt itself
out, and left Surat one vast extended heap of ruins. This
ancient city, declining as it has been for years, and now
nearly bereft of commerce, could not, it was feared, re-
corer from the effects of this awful and overwhelming ca-
lamity.
The same paper which contains the account of the firo
at Surat states, that the Atalanta had arrived at Bombay
from Mangalore, with intelligence to the 26th of April, the
substance of which was, that on the coast all was quiet,
and that Mangalore, which had been menaced by a body
of insurgents, had been left with a captain's party of the
King's 6th regiment. A private letter, however, mentioned
that a heavy cannonade, of some hours'duration, had been
heard in that direction a day or two previously. The
operations in the interior were in the direction of Bunt-
walla anil the Lower Coorg country. The passage of the
BLisley Ghent, which had been said to be stockaded by
the rebels, had been opened by a party of the Madras
cave' ry. —L iveip 00l Albion.

VICTORIA GARDENS, VAUXHALL—Yesterday a
public breakfast was given by the Lambeth Reform Asso-
ciation to celebrate the triumphant return of Messrs.
Rites, and Tennyson D'Eyncourt for the borough of Lam-
beth. A variety of amusements were given, and in the
evening the gardens were brilliantly illuminated with se-
veral thousand lamps in various devices ; dancing then
commenced to the Surrey Yeomanry band, and, after a
superb display of fire-works (one displaying the initials of
the Members," H. and 1'."), the numerous and highly re-
spectable company departed, delighted!. A polite letter
was received from Mr. Hawes, stating, that but for a prior
engagement he would have been present.—(From a cor-
respondent.)
DREADYFUL MURDER. On Saturday last a
dreadful murder was committed at Middlesbro', by a sailor
named Fowler, belonging to York, who, it seems, had re-
cently returned from a foreign voyage. According to the
evidence given at the inquest, it appeared that the unfor-
tunate deceased, Cuthbert Hutchinson, a carpenter by
trade, belonging to this town, had been working at Stock-
ton, and on Saturday, the day on which the murder was
co•nrdtted, was visited by two of his acquaintances from
Sand:rland, who prevailed on him to accompany them to
M d ilesbro', and whilst in a public-house there, they met
with Fowler. Some quarrelling ensued, and by some of
the witnesses it was stated that the deceased was, but by
others that he was nut, implicated in the quarrel. Fowler
left the public house in a highly exasperated state. After
the lapse of some time, perhaps an hour or more, he was
seen rushing out of the house with an open knife in his
hand, and swearing that he would stab the first man he met.
The deceased was sitting in the yard near the public-house.
Fowler immediately rushed upon him, and plunged the
knife into his heart, and caused almost inssant death. The
coroner's inquest sat on Monday and Tuesday last, when a
verdict of wilful murder against Fowler was recorded. The
coroner made out his warrant, and committed him to York
Castle to take his trial at the ensuing assizes. A post li10).
tent examination of the body took place before Dr. Sleigh
of Middlesbro, and Dr. Pridie, of Stockton. The heart was
found to have been pierced nearly through. The body of
the unfortunate deceased has been removed by his friends
for interment.—Sunderland Herald.

It is with deep and sincere regret that we announce
the death of Joslth Proud Hodgson, Esq., of N. 13,
Castle-street, Finsbury, the Founder of the Licensed Vic-
tuallers' Asylum, which melancholy event took place on
Friday last, in the 55th year of his age, after a few days'
suffering from quinsey. To those who knew hint intimately,
any eulogium on his character would be superfluous. The
valuable and extensive Institution which owed its origin to
his active and persevering benevolence, will remain fur ages
yet to come as the most distinguished memorial of his
merits, although his bounty was also extended to the S,hool
as a Life Governor. His port-ait was placed some years
since in the Board-room of the Asylum, as a well-deserved
tribute to his talents and exertions, and future visitors,
while they contemplate the futures now sleeping in death,
may, with strict propriety, apply to him the well-known
epitnph on:Sir Christopher Wren, " Si monumentrinz quccris,
circumspice !"—Morning Advertiser.

RAILROAD Exc URSION.—On Thursday last the
Qu:.cn, the Duke and Duchess of Orleans, the Princesses,
the Dukes d'Aumele and de Montpensicr, Count Flahault,
the Minister of Commerce, the Russian Ambassador, Count
Medem, and several distinguished personages, made an ex-
cursion on the St. Germain railroad, from Paris. The party
were received by the directors and engineers of the rail-
road, and the principal Administrators, amongst whom
were Baron James de Rothschild, and at half-past two the
Queen, the Duchess of Orleans, the young Princess and
Princesses, took their seats in one of the carriages, the
Duke d'Orleans and the Duke d'Auinale being stationed
on the imperial. The closed and open bcrlines, diligences,
and waggons were occupied by the rest of the party, con-
sisting of upwards of 150 persons. On a signal from the
Queen the train took its departure, and arrived in twenty-
five minutes at Pecq, a distance of four and a half leagues.
At the root point, where the railroad stops, Baron Roths-
child had prepared a sumptuous collation for the Royal
and distinguished travellers, who were, at the same time,
received by the authorities, national guards, end population
of St. Germain. The national guards vi ere then reviewed
by the Duke of Orleans, and after the lapse of half an hour
the train set out on its return, which was accomplished in
twenty-seven minutes.—Galignani.
An inquest was held yesterday on the body of Sal-
vator Bore, a native of Malta, who lost his life by the re-
cent explosion of gunpowder in the skiff in the Thames.
Several witnesses were examined, but nothing whatever
was elicited calculated to show in what way the accident
originated.

A few days since a poor lad of the name of Nash,
a nephew of the carrier of that name at Great Mil.genden,
met with a dreadful death. The waggon was just entering
Amersham from the London Road, when the boy got up in
front to reach some hay for the horse, he foot slipped, he
fell to the ground, and the wheels passed over his head. In-
stant death ensued.—Not thampton Mercury.
A man named Morgan applied to the rector of Ti-
verton to put up the bans for himself to be married to a
young woman of that town. The worthy clergyman, recol-
lecting that he had married the man within two years to
another woman whom he believed to be then living, charged
Morgan with the fact, when he readily confessed it and said
—" But that marriage was'nt good, sir, 'cause I had then
a first wife living, and she be since dead." The fellow's law
was good, and he was yesterday married to his new bride,
after forsaking the second wife.—North Dcvon Journal.

An economical and easy method of sinking Arte-
sian Wells, and boring for coal, &c., has recently been
practised near Saarbruck, by Mr. Sellow. Instead of the
tardy and costly process of boring with a number of iron
rods screwed to each other, one heavy bar of cast iron,
about six feet long and four inches in diameter, armed at
the lower end with a cutting chisel, and surrounded by a
hollow chamber, to receive through valves, and bring up
the detrilus of the perforated stratum, is suspended from
the end of a strong rope, which passes over a wheel or
pulley fixed above the spot in which the hole is made. As
this rope is raised up and down over the Ivheel, its tortiou
gives to the bar of iron a circular motion, sufficient to vary
the place of the cutting chisel at each descent. When the
chamber is full, the whole apparatus is raised quickly to
the surface to be unloaded, and is again let down by the
action of the same wheel. This process has been long
practised in China, from whence the report of its use has
been brought to Europe. The Chinese are said to have
bored in this manner to the depth of 1,000 feet. Mr. Sel-
low has, with this instrument, lately made perforations 18
inches in diameter, and several hundred feet deep, for the
purpose of ventilating coal mines at Saarbruck. The gene-
ral substitution of this method for the costly process of
boring with rods of iron may be of much pnblic impor-
tance, especially where water can only be obtained from
great depths.

About ten days ago, a man who was at Norland
feast, having gambled away all his money, accosted some
of his comrades with a request that they would furnish him
with more, as he had only had two sovereigns as his share
of the money produced by the Brighouse Bank robbery.
He was observed to do this ; and information was given to
the Huddersfield police, who apprehended the man soon
afterwards, and being kept in custody at Huddersfield, he
gave such information as led to the apprehension of Joseph
Dodson and John Johnson, of Moldgreen, near Hudders-
field, George Atkinson, of Leeds, and John Haley, of
Halifax, with several others, who have been concerned in
various robberies in Huddersfield and the neighbourhood,
during the last six or eight months. The four persons above
namei, after undergoing several private examinations before
the Magistrates, were on Tuesday committed to York
Castle to take their trials for the robbery of the Brighouse
Bank. Several other persons are in custody, and will be
brought before the 10 agistrates at Huddersfield to-day.—
Balgiu Express.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

Lord Palmerston in his address to the electors of the
borough of Tiverton, which we have transferred to our
columns from a provincial paper, makes some observa-
tions on the result of the general election which, as af-
_ . _ _. .

fording a view of the opinions of a Cabinet Minister as
to the course which the Government intend to pursue,

will probably be deemed better authority than Tory
newspapers, or journals playing into Tory hands.
His Lordship states what cannot be now contested,
that " the result of the general election has been to

give to the Reformers a decided and sure majority in
the House of Commons, fully sufficient to secure the
ascendancy of those principles of government which
the Reformers profess, and according to which they
desire to see the affairs of the country administered."
But then it is equally certain " that it will be ne-
cessary for the Reformers to remain united ; for by
union among themselves, by perseverance against dif-
ficulties, and by patience under temporary delays, the
Reformers of the three united kingdoms will ensure
the steady progress of Legislative improvement."
His Lordship in a manly manner meets the ob-
jection to the disproportion between the returns from
Ireland and from England and Scotland. " Ireland

is the part of the empire where the greatest abuses
prevail, and where remedies are most urgently required
for existing evils ; and the people of Ireland have un-
equivocally demonstrated, by their present choice of re-
presentatives, what their opinion is of the relative
merits of the two opposite systems of Government
upon which opposing candidates have recently taken
their stand." But, then, says the Times of yester-
day, " the band of between twenty and thirty Irish
Members, relied on by Ministers as their majority,
and drawn up in that character to arbitrate the desti-
nies of this empire in the House of Commons, are the
nominees of one man, and that man Mr. O'Connell."

Everything depends on the meaning attached to a
word. The nominees of Mr. O'Connell ! Nominee is

a very offensive word to Englishmen, because they asso-
ciate with it the idea of borough-mongering, the agency
of a fraudulent usurpation of a right of property in the
people themselves, an usurpation the most offensive, be-
cause it wore the guise of liberty. But say that Mr.
O'Connell possesses influence with several of the con-
stituencies of Ireland, what is there in common be-

tween the deference which is paid to the man to whose
extraordinary exertions and consummate talents the
great body of the people of that country owe, under
the favour of Providence, their emancipation from

a worse than Egyptian bondage, and a restoration to
all the privileges of Englishmen ? When the con-
.

mere feeler. The Grunticle, the organ of Govern-

test is between those who wished to retain the Irish
people in fetters, who opposed to the last their eman-
cipation, and -.vho, regretting that great healing measure,
cling with obstinacy to every fragment of the old pe-
nal system which still remains to keep alive the me-
mory of what ought to be now buried in oblivion,
end Mr. O'Connell, who stood by them through good
and through bad report for the third of a cenntry, and
those gentlemen who, satisfied with equal laws, op-
pose themselves to the absurd claims of a formerly
dominant faction, is there anything wonderful in the
people of Ireland preferring as their Representatives
their tried friends to their bitter enemies ? No
eforin Act can destroy the influence of a repu-

Cation founded on continued benefit,l ; and were the
Irizrh people to pay no more attention to the ad-

meat, put forth on Friday last the complete, mature,
scheme of its purity in broad, bold, direct words. I
would have a Reform Union established," says the

writer, " in every city and borough in the United
Kingdom, admitting non-electors as well as electors.
Let them hare the poll-book published after each
. .

election, and let one of their leading features be the

especial support of those shopkeepers, mechanics,
and others, who have voted in their favour." So

far we have but little to say. We incline, indeed,
to think that the encouragement of workmen and
tradespeople by their co-partisans should be rather the
private care of individuals than the official business of a
society. But we pass over this, that we may come to
the other branch of the scheme propounded by this
leader of liberality. "Or I would have a resolution
eren more severe than this, which should be to the

effect of pledging each individual member not to ex-
pend a shilling with any one who had recorded his
vote against the cause advocated by the union !"
We have here a clue to the motives of all the well-

vice of Mr. O'Connell than to the dictates of their
old opponents the Orangemen, this would furnish
the Tories with a better argument for oppressing
them than any they have yet urged. Were they so
ungrateful and so stupid as to be unable to distinguish
between their friends and their enemies, they would
thereby prove themselves so sunk and degraded that
even the hopes of raising them in the social scale
most be renounced. If the influence employed by
Mr. O'Connell in procuring the returns of Members
partook of the nature of that which was possessed by
many individuals prior to the Reform Act, the reason-
ing in the article in the Times might be worth some-
thing ; but there is really not the slightest similarity
between the means by which those individuals nomi-
nated the Members of their choice to the abolished
boroughs, and the means employed by Mr. O'Con-
nell, whatever its amount tiny be. The objection
in the former case was, that the power of nomination
was i:ot derived fr um popular influence, whether well
or ill deserved, but was an incident of property,
and transferable with the property by descent
or sale from one holder to another. Now no one can
doubt for a moment that Mr. O'Connell's influence is
wholly popular, whatever its amount or however ob-
tained ; and if any ultra-Tory shall, by the mere force
of his personal popularity, become enabled success-
fully to propose candidates to a considerable number of
constituencies, we will venture to say that the adoption
of those candidates will never be referred to by any
Whig or Radical as evidence that the object of the
Reform Bill was frustrated. The attempt to confound
popular influence with a power incident to property,
such as existed in the nomination boroughs under the
old state of the representation, could only have been
made by a very weak or a very dishonest writer.
Having dismissed the charge of nomination, we may
make short work of the rest of the article. The Times
excepts to the presence of Catholics in the Legisla-
ture, an exception somewhat out of date, we concei,.e.
" We do say," quoth our morning contemporary, " that
vrth the opinions which the Protestants entertain of the
views of t.ie Catholics upon our Chtuch and its endow-
ments, we have a right to challenge such jurors as they
are, not because we hold them incapable of forming an ho-
nest judgment, but because we feel that on these premises
their honest judgment is, and must be, against the Protestant
Constitution of our Crown, country, and Church. If after
pairing off the 317 Ministerial against the 317 Conserva-
tive Members, the 24 who remain are Catholics, or even
Protestants who go all lengths rith Catholics, the result
to this Protestant nation is practically very much the same
as it would be if the 317 on each side had never been
elected at all, and the whole House of Commons consisted
of the 24."
The Tories have no right to challenge any one
Member of the House of Commons, whether English,
Scotch, or Irish—whether Episcopalian, Presby-
terian, Dissenter, or Catholic—from taking a part in
and voting on all questions that come before the Legis-
lature. If the English were to protest against the Irish
taking part in one class of questions, the Scotch in
another, the Irish and Scotch and the Dissenters
would in their turn be for debarring the English
Episcopalians from taking part in another. The
towns would object to the Members for counties
deciding on commercial subjects, and the coun-
tias would object to the Members for boroughs inter-
fering with country affairs. In short, were the excep-
tions of the Times to be followed out, the Parliament
of the United Kingdom would become something like
a Polish Diet, in which nothing could be concluded
on account of the claims of opposing
.sections to a
liberurn veto. But the whole assumption is a tissue
of absurdity. What right have the Tories to claim
for the 317 Conservatives a stronger regard for the in-
terests of the Establishment and the Protestant reli-
gion than the Ministerial Members entertain ? Who
supposes that if Ministers entertained any designs
hostile to this country, or injurious to the Protestant
religion, their numerous adherents would not fall off
and swell the 317 Conservatives ? Union can only be
maintained in the Ministerial ranks by the wisdom,
the justice, and the moderation of the course pursued
by
in the
It is obvious to us that this
writer the "'plies could himself have had no faith in
his own arguments. But be that as it may, it is highly
gratifying to find that the Tories are fairly puzzled for
arguments against Ministers, when their journalists
are forced to have recourse to such twaddle. The
Tories have spent their money very liberally ; but they
might as well have kept it in their purses, for Minis-
ters have a sufficient majority to conduct the Govern-
ment in spite of them.—Morning Chronicle.
A paper in the interest of the present Ministers has
the following notice, which its confederate journals
have been careful to copy, as a caution to Conserva-
tives how they vote hereafter for their honest opinions :
-"
So great is the popular indignation in Ireland
against Messrs. Guinness, the Dublin brewers, for
having voted at the late election for the Orange candi-
dates, that no carman dare carry their porter through
the country." On this extensive conspiracy against
Messrs. Guinness, if indeed it exist at all, not one
word of reprobation or regret is bestowed by the Libe-
rals. But this is only a preparatory movement—a

• _
precise steps your wholesome rigour will conduct yoi
to the desired consummation. He proceeds thus :—" I

contrived indignation poured forth in the case of the
Chelsea greengrocer upon one or two ladies and gen-
tlemen who paid off and quitted that Destructive cab-
bage-dealer, deeming (and as we humbly conceive with
great reason), that however fit and fair it be for a
tradesman to vote according to his own opinions rather
than those of his customers, yet it is not quite so
fair or fit, that having promised his vote on one side,
e.g., for Sir George Murray, he should poll it on
the other, e.g., for Mr. Leader. Promise as you
will, but poll as you promise. However, it was
made a great crime in two or three customers of that
versatile cauli-florist, that they took this view of the
subject ; and they were singled out for some of the
choicest abuse of that week in which they began to
buy their parsley at anothar shop. The object of all
that invective is now apparent—it was to vamp an ex-
cuse for doing something on the Radical side, under
the pretext of self-defence, which should go twenty
times further than any Conservative ever went, or than
any Conservative, we hope and believe, would ever
condescend to go. For the suggestion now propounded
is not merely that a customer may and ought to with-
draw his favours from a dishonest, promise-breaking

neighbuur—it is not merely that a customer may with--
out impropriety decline to deal with a tradesman who
opposes his political views—but it is a distinct,

dlicct proposal, for organizing a conspiracy among
the whole or a great body of that tradesman's
customers to be enrolled in an association, and

pledged by a resolution for the purpose of ruining
him, unless he bow to their combined dictation.
The, thought was worthy of the men who now
aspire to lead the liberties of their country. The
loss of a single customer, or of three or four, act-
ing on separate feelings of dissatisfaction, was too
light a punishment for voting against the Liberal
cause ; to make a lash that should cut deep enough,
the thongs should be spliced and twisted into knots,
and therefore all liberal men must band together, and
pledge themselves (with some solemn adjuration, by
all means) to exterminate the wretch who has dared
to exercise his franchise according to a conscience of
his own. The law, indeed, in its present imperfect

toms "forced upon them by foreign intervention, and
not growing out of the gradual and natural progress of
the human mind and advancement of society, is the

liberty of obeying the commands or being butchered bY
the bayonets of military factions, whose chiefs, like
the feudal brigands of the middle ages, keep society in
a state of perpetual alarm and disturbance by their
selfish and incessant struggles for power and plunder.
But in some countries in Europe in the middle ages
the oppressed mass of the nation had a resource and
protection against feudal tyranny. The power of the
crown was a check upon the rapacity and violence of
the chiefs of castellated banditti. From the dangerous

vicinity of the embattled towers and donjon keep,
which threw their gloomy shadows over their fields, the
peaceful and industrious population could appeal to the
beneficent protection of the kingly power, and " fly
from petty tyrants to the throne." But it is not so in
Spain and Portugal in the nineteenth century. There
the royal power has been beaten down and enslaved by
each succeeding faction. There the throne has been
rendered powerless, and the regal office only retained to
adorn the triumph of those who trample on its authority,
and grace with the symbols of legitimate power the acts
of successful rebellion. This is what native liberalism

and foreign intervention have done for Spain and Por-
tugal. Unfortunate royalty, which has for its protec-
tors our own liberal ministers ! Held captive amidst
the bayonets of military " reformers," the Queens of
Spain and Portugal look in vain for the promised deli-
verance which was expected to come. from foreign in-
tervention. Every step which Lord Palmerston takes
to extricate his ill-fated pair of Queens from their awk-
ward and disagreeable position only plunges them in
fresh difficulties, and covers them with new humilie-

tion. It is only about a twelvemonth ago that the
military revolution of La Granja was accomplished,
the principal object of which seems to have been to
restore to power the especial protege of our Foreign
Secretzry, the too well-known Mendizabal, who had
made himself hated and despised by the Spanish
people, when he was formerly the Queen's Minister,
by his boastful promises and miserable performances,
and his incapacity for everything but financial juggles
and political intrigue. The democratic Constitution of
1812 was made the pretext for that military revolution;
but it is clear that it was only a pretext, seeing that
the men who obtained power under a pretended vene-
ration for that Constitution, which they swore to keep
inviolate, no sooner thought themselves securely fixed
in office than they began to cut, carve, and mutilate it
n such a manner that its own parents would not know
it. The Regent Queen was compelled to accdpt
that Constitution, under threats of death, by the
armed ruffians who broke with fixed bayonets into her

state, may possibly subject the associated patriots to
an indictment for a conspiracy ; but the good times
arc fast approaching when public virtue may defy the
law, or, better still, may brandish it. Therefore, com-
bine, withcut fear or remorse, and crush the caitiff
who presumes to he Conservative. Do you dou!.)t the

efficacy of your efforts ? Only listen to the same in•
structor, and he will show you practically by ,Yha

is pretty well known that the extension of creel:
generally taken by those aristocratic families presum•
ing such dictation is such as to prevent any man o
business from undertaking their favours unless backer
by great capital, or having what is called a good
ready-money trade, which is almost entirely derived
from the middling and productive classes of society,
of which, including non electors, nineteen-twentieths
are Reformers. Deprive him of his ready-money
trade, and his aristocratic patron is obliged to hawk
his favours to some other market. This acted upon,
my humble o:)inion is, you would find the Tory electors
joining us in petitioning for the Ballot." "In all
large towns, particularly in the manufacturing dis-
tricts, the Tories would soon cease to exist."—Q. E. D.
It is superfluous to recommend these sentiments to the
execration of every honest man.— Times.
For some time the Tories have been endeavouring
to persuade the public not only of their willingness,
but their anxiety, to promote all necessary reforms--
and have made occasional allusions to the nature of
the changes which, in their opinion, are essential to
the improvement of our institutions. Amongst these
propositions there is one lately put forward by the
great organ of the corruptionists, which, from its being
peculiarly illustrative of the tactics of the faction, from
its affording astriking specimen of the kind of reform
they would propose, and of the specious manner in
which they would keep the promise to the car and
break it to the sense, is deserving of a passing com-
mentary. The proposition referred to is nothing less
than the extension of the suffrage. " What !" our
readers will no doubt exclaim, " the Tories propose to
extend the suffrage ?" Yes, they are most desirous
for its extension ; for, strange as it may at
first appear, the extension of the suffrage which
they contemplate would afford the most certain
means of nullifying the Reform Act. It is to property,
and not to persons, that they propose to extend the
elective franchise. The proposition is to inerease the
number of votes in proportion to the amount of pro-
perty possessed by the individual : that is, if 51. con-
stitutes the qualification for one vote, 101. should en-
title the possessor to two votes, 151. to three, and so
on in arithmetical progression. We do not suppose
that the Tories would have the daring to attempt, nor
would it be. necessary for their purpose to carry out the
principle to its utmost extent ; but even if adopted in
a limited degree, it would vest the representation more
thoroughly and completely in the hands of the Aris-
tocracy. than it was under the old borough nomination
system. A few extensive landed or other proprietors
would be sufficient to carry any election against the
opinion of the whole individual constituents. There
were not many contests in the last election wherein a
few electors possessing each some fifty or hundred
votes on the franchise extension system proposed by
the Tories, might not have decided the victory as they
pleased. And all this would have been defended on the
pretext of giving what is called property its due influ-
ence. To hear these sticklers for the rights of property
propound their nostrums, one might be led to suppose
that the rights of persons were to be held utterly in-
significant as compared with those of worldly posses-
sions. It would seem as if the man who lived by his
daily labour had no stake in the welfare of the coun-
try, that they whose industry most contributes to the
national wealth and prosperity should be rejected from
a voice in the election of its representatives, and that
the whole legislative power should be vested in those
who seemed destined to enjoy the fruits of the earth
without in any manner contributing to their produc-
tion, to revel in the good things of life without mak-
ing any return to the society from whence they are
derived. It must be obvious that it is the industrial
classes who stand most in need of legislative protection.
The lords of the soil are in the very nature of their pos-
sessions comparatively protected from any danger of
their property ; but in all the several relations of society
the individual living by his industry is exposed to ag-
gressions unless protected by the laws ; and these are
the persons whom the Tories would place at the mercy
of their hereditary persecutors. Such is one specimen
of Tory Reform I—Morning Advertiser.
The revolution which overthrew the Ministry of
Isturiz and set up that of Calatrava in Spain was a mi-
litary one. The revolution which has overthrown the
Ministry of Calatrava and set up that of Espartero, is
also a military one. By a military revolution a former
ministry in Portugal was turned out, and along with
it the " charter of Don Pedro," which it has cost
much English blood and gold to establish. In that
country another military revolution is now in progress
to put down the present ministry of the Queen, and
restore the Pedroite Charter and Administration.
Thus in the two kingdoms of the Spanish peninsula,
the only liberty which the great mass of the inhabit-
ants have obtained through the instrumentality of
" charters," " constitutions, and " representative sys.

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 29, 1837•