The Sun.
London, England, 1863-12-16 00:00:00

" PERU.

" From this part of the coast there is quite a lack
of anything in the shape of news to communicate.
" It is of little moment to be told that Peru and
Bolivia have concluded a treaty of ' peace and com-
merce,' and that the Governments of Peru and
Chili have agreed to receive into their countries the
mails of each other without postage. Yet beyond
this there is nothing of interest to write.
" Exchange on London, 361 d. to 361 d. per do)

ECUADOR,

" We have received papers from Guayquil up to

November 14. Congress, after having authorised
the President to declare war against General Mos-
quera, closed its sessions on October 24. There
are recorded many instances of patriotism and en-
thusiasm among communities and private indivi-
duals, consisting in gratuitous donations for carry-
ing on the war. The papers also publish a letter
of Commander Guerrero, who was sent with
letter from General Flores to Mosquera. ie
de-
scribes his reception, and the insults offered to him
and the Ecuatorian Government by Mosquera.
C
Mosquera had left Pasto for Bogota,
to call
gress together and to get the authorisation for
.an troops
declaring war against Ecuador•
lie left behind
about 1,600 men. The Ecuatorian
were concentrating in largo numbers on the
frontier. The letters between Antonio Flores,
dated from Ipiales and
Mosuera, and Quijin°,
Tulcaqn, Oct. 14 and 15, and the order of Carvajal,
the Ecuatorian Minister of Foreign Relations, to
Castro, the New Granaditin Minister, to leave the
R public, have also been published, mid so likewise
have the answers of the United States, French and
Spanish Ministers in Quito to the circular of Car-
vajal, published in the papers. They all declare the
right and justice to be on the part of the Ecuatorian
Government, but express a hope that a peaceful so-
lotion of the question is not yet impossible. Ad-
vices from Quito of Nov. 4 say that Mosquera, on
his way from Pasto to Popayan, received a protest
from the officers of the force he left behind, stating
that as their number was so small, and the enemy's

PRICE...--..4d.
SWIPED ....sd.

so much superior, they could not answer for an effec-
tive defence. He then returned to Tuquerres, and
wrote to Gen. Flores an insulting and threatening
letter, but expressing at the same time his desire to
have a❑ interview with the latter at Carlossama on
the 2d inst. Gen. Flores left ibaria immediately
for Tulcan, and some say the interview has taken
place, whilst others affirm the contrary. Flores
having come back to Tusa,
" Gen. Mosquera has published two decrees in
Tuquerres, Oct. 14, one raising /be Colombian Guard
to 16,465 men and 1,100 officers Avd ordering the
prefects to organiFe the national to the
number of 27,000 men, to be ready at the fret call;
and another for the issue of new treasury rotes to
the amount of 50,000 dols., the sum fixed b 3• the
Convention of Rionegro, as an annual Convention
to the State of Panama:

"In accordance with the first of the above de-
crees, the Prefect of Panama issued two proclama-

tions on Nov. 16, calling to arms a company of the
militia, to do duty instead of the battalion Cahn°,
sent southward.

"Previous to reaching Payta, the Bogota passed
the royal mail steamship Pern, bound for Callao and
Valparaiso with the Southampton mails of Oct. 17."

CENTRAL AMERICA.
Dates from San Salvador are to the 9th Novem•
ber. The principal occurrences are as follows:
" On Oct. 13 there was another ineffectual inter-
view arranged for the United States Minister be-
tween General Zavala on the part of Carrera, and
General Cabana on the part of Berrios. The bom-
bardment continued with short intervals until Oct.
26, when Barrios suddenly, and without notice
abandoned the capital at 4 o'clock in the morning,
accompanied by about 1,500 men, a large number
of women and children, and took the road to Apopa
(north-west), whence he went towards the depart-
ment of San Miguel. In the last days of his hold-
ing of his capital, Barrios had made still heavier
forced loans of goods and liquors, in which he paid
his officers and soldiers a portion of their pay, and
which they again sold to procure their daily rations.
On the same day,and some five hours after Barrios's
departure (during which intervals many houses
were robbed by the populace and troops who went
with Barrios), Carrera occupied the capital with his
army, marching in from all points where he had
erected barricades or forts. The foreign officers
who had been in the service of Barrios,and to whom
he did not notify his intention to leave, were taken
prisoners and were about to be shot by the cap-
turing party, when General Zivala and others hap-
pened to arrive and prevented the crime. They are
still in prison, and will be taken to Guatemala and
there delivered to the Ministers of Foreign Powers.
These officers are Colonels Galidier, o:lafan (lather
and son), Penoud, and Cousin (a Belgian), v‘ho was
director of the band or chief musician. Mr. Megin-
nis, a British subject, was surrendered to H.B.M.'s
Vice-Consul, and went on board the Bacchante,lying
at Liberiad. at the moment. Yrungary, Oyarzan,
Abelar, and Luna (the first late Minister of
Relations under Barrios), were taken in their
flight towards Santa Ana, and then shot. There
was, of course, much disorder and a good deal of
robbery in San Salvador at the moment of abandon-
ment, in the interval, and at the time of occupation;
but Carrera took measures for the protection of pro-
perty, and especially of foreign property ; and, ex-
cept in one or two isolated cases, there was no
pillage of that kind except of Cauty's Hotel, which
was sacked. Parties of troops were sent out by
Carrera to intercept Barrios and take him if pos-
sible. Steps were immediately taken to organise a
Provisional Government under Dan Francisco
Ducnas, who has been President before. General
Santiago Gonzalez had gone to the department of
San Miguel in pursuit of Barrios, whose companies,
aides, and suite had been all taken cr presented
themselves at La Union, and were then marched to
Spin Miguel.
As the steamer Salvador was lying in the harbour
of La Union, on the night of the 3d November, the
captain's gig was fired into about seven o'clock in
he evening as the captain was going off to his ship.

The shot was fired from a guard-boat placed near
the ship by the authorities on shore for fear of
Barrios's attempt to get on board. The ball passed
within three feet of the captain's head, who, on
getting on board his ship, fired his gun at the guard-
boat, the men on board of which had previously
paddled to the shore. Afterwards, in the night,
they came off and attempted to carry the guard-
boat to shore, but were hailed from on board the
steamer, made to come on board, detained till morn-
ing, and sent on shore. The Commandant at first
refused to allow any communication with the
steamer, but, on the decided interference of the
United States Minister, aided by the presence of
her Britannic Majesty's ship Bacchante, which
offered her assistance, he yielded to right. On the
complaint of Mr. Partridge, at San Salvador, to the
new authorities, they admitted the impropriety of
the behaviour of Castro, and displaced him by nomi-
nating a new commandante (Molino) for La Union.