The Sun.
London, England, 1863-01-26 00:00:00

The Manufacturing Markets.

MANCHESTER, Friday.—The dulness of our mar-
ket has become greater since Tuesday. To-day,
especially, there is a perceptible increase of indis-
position on the part of buyers to do anything in
either yarns or goods. Prices are generally without
nominal change, but practically they are rather
weaker than on Tuesday, and most so in cop twist

and weft about 32's to 40's.
BRADFORD, Thursday.—Wool : Since last Thurs
day a quieter feeling has prevailed in the wool
market, and transactions have been more limited
than of late. The rise in the Bank rate of discount
which occurred last Thursday appears to have
induced a cautious feeling in every quarter, and the
purchases of spinners today are only for the sup-
ply of their immediate nteds. The effect upon
prices, however, is not so marked. These appear to
be generally maintained with, a steady firmness,
though the tendency upwards which has recently
been noticed is not to be met with to-day.
Yarns : Tne ,tightness in money which has
induced quietness in the cotton and wool mar-
kets, has had a like effect upon yarns, and sales
to-day are very limited in extent. Another great
cause of quietness, as far as concerns the foreign
trade, is in the fact that owing to the stormy
weather, no Ostend mail has arrived for the last
three days. The consequence is that the export
houses are at a loss how to act, but feel sure it is the
safer course to hold aloof from purchasing. The
chief business of the week has been in twofolds,
which are remarkably brisk, and in which some
fair orders, both home and export, have been placed,
Pieces—The mark has been thinly attended, and
not much fresh business has been done by either
home or American merchants. The export houses
have been equally inactive, and the demand has
been confined to a few orders in mottles, 3-4
worsted lastings and serges. The stocks of the
latter have rather decreased during the week,
caused doubtless by the immediate requirements for
the Spanish trade. There is no alteration in prices
for any description of goods.
LEICESTER.--Beyond there being a few orders
given out for the assortment of stock for the im-
mediate demand, but few workmen have been set
on since Christmas. Stocks on hand are very low,
and a fair demand is looked forward to. Worsted
spinners are fully employed, and full rates for yarns
are maintained. The advance of the rate of dis-
count by the Bank of England has prevented
farther excitement or advance in the wool market ;
it still continues its firmness, though much less is
doing, and that only for present consumption.—
Leicester Journal.

-----
Importing Tea without colour on thevl_eafp_rael-
vents the Chinese passing off inferior leaves asefiere7 usual
kinds. kinds. Horniman's Tea is uncoloured, ttehe.r .
good alike. Sold in packets by
The General Council ofdtel2,
finitive examination Of
28130oaLeisletChausseb is
at present engaged in the
anal from Beaucaire to the sea,
the project for an irrigatinge
which will be one of
mist important works of the kind
in the south-east of Prancer This canal will derive its
water from the river a ardon at L
(2 aifoux, and will serve the
plain-10,
bounded 000 hectares acres each) in extent--
immensemnednesde on the east by the Rhone, on the north and west
by the navigable canal from Beaucaire to Aigues-Mortes,
and on the south by the ponds on the coast of the Medi-
terranean. The nature of the ground will not, however,
allow of more than 7,000 hectares being irrigated. The
quantity of water to be supplied by the canal is fixed at
3,000 litres per second, which can be readily furnished
by the Garden. The expense of the work is esti-
mated at 1,050,000 francs, one-fifth of which will be fur-
nished by the State, so that the capital to be supplied by
the landowners interested in the undertaking will only be
810,000 f. The additional worth of the land when thus
watered is calculated at the minimum of 2,000 f. per hec-
tare, so that taking the total increased value at five mil-
lions, it will amount to nearly six times the expanse.
The question of the concession of the railway
from Cette to Marseilles is submitted'to a commit-
tee composed of MM. Fould, Rouher, and Magne, who are
to present a report to the Emperor with a definitive solu-
tion. tion. A long conference has just taken place on thebsut jone
at the Ministry of State. MM. Pereire and Tahlae L,
jioni
representing the Southern Company, the other t
and Mediterranean, were successively heard.

hurst. The number of candidates who are ex-
pected to present themselves to day is rather large.
The examination will occupy the entire week, the
first day being devoted to the examination as to

the health of the candidates.
During the past week the division at Aldershot
was paraded for route-marching on different days

and marched out under its brigadiers in various

directions—on Friday the cavalry brigade, under
the command of Brigadier-General Hodge ; on the

same day the field batteries of the Royal Artillery ;
on the previous day the Ist Infantry Brigade,under
the command of Major-General Brook Taylor, the
2d Infantry Brigade, under the command of Colonel
Wodehouse, and the Royal Horse Artillery. The
troops on each occasion performed a march of from
eight to ten miles, returning to their quarters

shortly after noon.
Brigadier-Gen. W. G. Brown, late in the com-
mand of the 2d brigade at Aldershott, with Lieut.
H. B. Savory, 78th Highlanders, his aide-de-camp,
will leave England by the next overland mail,Gcn.
Brown having been appointed to the command of
the troops in China, with the rank of Major-Gen.
On Thursday evening a fire was discovered in a
temporary forage barn on the South Camp, Alder-
shot. The barn was filled with straw for the use of
the troops, and was situated near the stables occu-
pied by the C battery, Royal Horse Artillery, and
forage and other stores in the immediate vicinity of
the Barrack Department, all of which were at one
peried in imminent danger. The Camp Fire Bri-
gade, under the command of ikalr.
prt.the i
Superintendentstbat-
talion
Burke, and assisted by a fire yof
sth Fusiliers, quickly brought several engines
to the spot, and an ample supply of water being ob-
I tuned, the fire was confined to the building in
which it broke out, which was, however, utterly de-
stroyed, although a great portion of the straw was
saved. Two other alarms of fire occurred during the
week—one on Monday night and the other early on
Thursday morning. In both instances, however,
they were found to be referrable to the furze on the
common surrounding the camp, which either by ac-
cident or design had been ignited in various places.
The foundation-stone of the " Aldershot Mission
Hall," or Soldier's Home, will be laid by the Earl
of Shaftesbury, on Wednesday, the 11th proximo.
The institution is intended to supply the means of
quiet recreation and instruction to the troops, in
addition to providing amusing reading, and facility.
whole
for chess, draughts, and similar games. Refresh-
mHeonmt se,
aotf
aa
moderateharmless
rate,character,
a tid
w be sold at the
the
undertak-
ing, which has been originated by a philanthropic
lady, is intended to counteract the demoralising
tendency of some of the places oftopwuhbileich
the
troops
entertain-
mentresortiinn httheX camp
The death of Lieut.-Gen. T. Burke is announced
as having taken place a few days ago at his seat in
Ireland. The gallant General was Colonel of the
10th (North Lincoln) Regiment of Foot, to which
he was appointed in April, 1860. Ho served in
Jamaica and St. Domingo in 1796 and 1797, and in
Holland in 1809. He next served in the Peninsula
during the campaigns of 1810,1811, and 1812, with
the Fifth Division of the army. He volunteered the
" forlorn hope" of Sir John Leith's division at the
taking of Badajoz, where he received several severe
wounds, which prevented his pursuing his profes-
sional career. The deceased officer's commissions
bore date as follows :—Ensign, Oct. 1, 1794; lieut.,
Oct. 25, 1799; capt., Aug. 12, 1804 ; major, July
12, 1813; lieut.-col., July 22, 1830; col., Nov. 9,
1846 ; major-gen., (Tune 20, 1854, and lieut.-gen ~
Jan. 18, 1860_
Gcncrnl Sir W. G. Power, Col. commanding the
the 10th Brigade of Royal Artillery, died on Friday
last at his residence, Shanklin, Isle of Wight. The
deceased commenced his military career at the com-
mencement of the present century, served in Spain,
Portugal,and Franca from 1808 to 1814, and was
w
wounded--at the seges of Ciudad Rodrigo
tiee weu
and Burgos. In recognition of his services General
Power had been decorated with the silver war
medal with nine clasps, and created a Knight Com-
mander of the Order of the Bath and a Knight of
the Hanoverian Guelphic Order. He was in his
82d year.

NEW TII F,ATRE-R0 YAL, ADELPHI.-
. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
TOIS EVENING, THE LI I TLE TREASURE. Mr
Bming-ton, Mr. R. Phillips, and Miss Marie Wilton.
After Which, A TICKET OF LEAVE : Messrs. J. L.Toole,
p. Bedford, and Mrs. Billington.
To conclude with " GEORGE DE BARNWELL :
or, Harlequin Folly in the Realms of Fancy." Miss Wool gar,
Miss K. Relly. Miss Seaman ; Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bed.
ford, Siephelison, C. J. Smith. Harlequin, Mr. John Lauri
Columbine, Mice Caroline Adams ; Clown, Mr. W. Hildyard ;
L'antaloon, Mr. J. Paulo. The celebrated Arthur and
Bertrand.

Commence at 7.

.......
The WEATIEEIL—Sun Office, Jan. 25, 1863.

THERMOMETER.
Highest since Noon yesterday
Lowest during the night
This day at N00n.....
Barometer-30.28.
Wind—W.N.W ; fresh and cold.

JANUARY 26.
THERMOMETER,
Highest since Noon yesterday 45
Lowest during the night .. 37
This day at Noon
Barometer-30.25.
Wind--Westerly; fresh, and variable, with fine weather.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
T fits DAY.—.Morning, 6h. 40m.—Afternoon, 6h. 59m.
To-molutow.-Morning, 7h. 21m.—Afternoon, 7h. 47m.

Tom.
.......'. .5.,../.. ' 4,
''. 44:i'1r=51115.
41."44411611:.-_,P
~.. • 11.
.....

LONDON, MONDAY, JANUARY 26, 1863.

The converse of the Apostle's dictum may, we
presume, as a matter of course, be taken for granted :
the familiar dictum about " evil communications."
The influence of mere companionehip, in truth,
whether for good or for evil, ages since found utter-
ance in one of those old time-honoured proverbs—
happily defined once upon a time by Earl RUSSELL
(the noble lord speaking of them at the moment
generically) as "the Wisdom of Many and the Wit
of One"—Noseitur a sociis ! And, in point of fact,
the predominant influence exercised socially by good
as compared with the influence elercised by evil, is
fact tolerably plain and undeniable. Apply this
truth politically—and the result is yet found, even
there, w be one of a kindred character. Associate
together a Despotism and a Democracy—ally inti-
mately any Grtzat Military Autocracy with a purely
Constitutional Gov°rnment—an d so far from the evil
communications of the one corrupting the other,
the ulterior consequence will inevitably and infal-
libly be, in the long run at least, exactly the reverse.
It may be a slow process—it is a slow process—not
a doubt of it. But, work its way it will for a dead,
or, we would rather say, for a living certainty.
There are these two grand and dominant allies in
Western Europe—allies, intimate and cordial allies,
during these last ten years especially, in peace and
in war France under NAPOLEON, England
under VICTORIA. Their soldiers have fought and
bled, side by side, durirg these last ten
years, in more than one remote quarter of the
globe. Now in the Crimea, now in far off China.
The two peoples during these last ten years have
been also more or less frequently associate together
in intimate personal relationship. Each odf them has
held in turn high holiday--France in the Champs
Elysees, England alternately in Hyde-park and
at South Kensington. Last year the bonds of
this alliance were knit yet more closely together,
by the negotiation of a Commercial Treaty, bridging
over the Channel more effectually even, one might
say, than it had already been bridged over by steam
power. A couple of years back the French EM-
PEROR, with a single sweep of his autocratic hand,
had cleared away for once and for all the vexatious
Passport System, hitherto impeding the intercourse
between the inhabitants of the two countries. As
• a gracious and enlightened response from England,
in return for this ingenious and magnanimous
act on the pia of the French Sovereign, the
Apostle of Free Trade went forth from this
island to Frei-ice—formally delegated by his
Government to indoctrinate with those Commercial
principles his eloquence had been so mainly
instrumental in winning the triumph for amongst
ourselves, to indoctrinate with those wise and bene-
ficent principles the haughty and eminently protec-
tive system iu vogue there (until his coming) in
imperial France. The good work done by Mr. COB-
DEN in Paris was done, it is true, as we felt very
painfully at the time, in a bungling and left-handed
way as it happened. Still—however done—it was
done. Reciprocity Treaty or not—(and as a recip-
rocity treaty it was necessarily and essentially a
retrogressive treaty)--the Coro •
menial Treaty was
negotiated, signed, sealed, and delivered. When
scauned in retrospect, it almost seems to us now that
~ad, consequently, as but just
in its reciprocative,
now remarked in parenthesis, in its retrogressive
character, the Treaty, we will acknowledge, may
accepted at length as having been inge:
.tt,susly so designed by its principal nega_
tiater. Me. COBDEN probably taking as his
guiding axiom at the outset reculer pour
mieux saucer. Howefer done, we repeat, there
it unquestionably is done : the validity Commercial
Treaty between France and England being a fact
as incontrovertible, in ifs way, as the abolition
(already alluded to) of the aid-fashioned and wholly
intolerable system of Passports.
As to Freedom of Speech having again been
restored to the French Legislature—well, to a cer-
tain extent that, too,
is
ain
a measure beyond the
reach of contradiction,
Not
very much Freedom,
it is true, has been restored to the Parliamentary

Tribune there. But Freedom of some sort there is,
beyond moment's question—otherwise the Senate
wouldtver have listened, as it did, not so very long
ago, to the bold and outspoken harangue delivered
there by an Imperial Highness, who for once could
apparently think and talk for himself! Prinee
NAPOLEON doing so, there, it may be remembered,
in direct antagonism to the policy of the Imperial
Government ! Discussions there are even now, ses-
sion after session, among the Deputies and among
the Senators—speeches very courtly no doubt for the
part, and pronounced as one might say, in the main,
" with 'bated breath" or, at any rate, sotto voce.
Nevertheless discussions there are_(they will become
louder aid bolder by usage)—discussions both
spoken from the Tribune and reported in the
Newspapers.
As to the restoration of anything like Freedom
to the Newspaper Press—though that too has been
talked of in the precincts of the Tuileries, though
its coming was, a while since, trumpeted
sonorously enough by the Minister of State,
the Count DR PERSIGNY, at the moment
of his returning from being Ambassador
in England to resume the administrative portfolio
of the Interior in Imperial France—so small, so in-
finitessimal is that to our Brobdignagian habits in
the way of Free Writing and Free Printing over
here in England, that it is all but absolutely invi-
sible and unrecognisable, upon the most careful
scrutiny, by the eyes of Englishmen. There it is
we are told, notwithstanding—though we cannot
see it. There it is we are still confidently assured;
and there, too, we are assured, it will gradually
grow up, imperceptibly expand, and eventually
flourish. Heaven grants it, is our one prayer of
sympathy and good fellowship : and the sooner the
better, say we, under the circumstances.
However, all this may be, nevertheless, here, as
among the most significant signs of the times that
could possibly be brought to as from France, comes
the Speech delivered by the EMPEROR yesterday in
the Palace of the Louvre,upon the occasion of his MA-
JESTY'S distribution of the Prizes recently awarded
in London to the pick of the French Exhibitors in
the Industrial and Art Palace of 1862, at South
Kensington. For once in a Speech from those
usually grave and taciturn lips—for once there
comes audibly to us a sentence that has about
it a taste or flavour of the Humorous. A
strange blending there seems to us in the
particular words we are now alluding to, a strange
blending of the genial and ironical: but out
of the blending of those apparently incongruous
ingredients there comes as the result—this same
indication of the humorous. " That redoubtable
invasion of the British soil," says his MAJESTY,
" has, then, been realised." He is alluding to the
Exhibition—he is addressing himself to he French
Exhibitors. "I am happy," he adds, "to have to
reward the bravest of the brave, In fact, we
have crossed the Channel and invaded English soil,
not with the arms which carry ruin, but with those
which confer prosperity and comfort." Later
on in the Imperial discourse, NAPOLEON 111.
observes in words that befit less the lips
of a military despot than those of an
autocratic ruler aspiring to assume his place
among the ranks of the Constitutional Sovereigns :
—" If foreigners have to envy us many useful
things, France must have seen that she can borrow
many moral conquests from England. We have, in
fact, borrowed from England that spirit of liberty
which, being extended to all opinions, insures the
development of all interests." It is something,
surely, "to the good" that France should become
accustomed to hear language of this kind uttered by
her Imperial ruler. With the Passport System broken
down, with an intimate commercial intercourse
established by 'treaty between the two countries
with voices again audible in the French Tribunes,
with reports of discussions again appearing in the
French newspapers, with words coming to us like
thoseyesterday pronounced by the Emperor NAPO-
LEON, in reference to the Free Institutions of
England, and in reference to the hopes inspired by
them among educated Frenchmen, it is impossible
not to cherish a belief that, with the advance of
time, the Napoleonian Empire may yet develop
into a Constitutional Government.

The news from Poland proves that the greatest
confusion reigns there, and many accounts of suffer-
ing and violence may be expected shortly to follow.
The result is only what might have been expectedfrom
the long endurance of that oppressed nation, and the
cruel tyranny of its oppressors. It needed but a
slight impetus to turn the murmurs of discontent
into the outbreaks of open warfare. There is no
doubt that the immediate cause which led to this
sad state of things was the cruel conscription that
has of late so irritated and distressed the Poles. The
inhuman mode in which that procedure has been
carried on has increased tenfold the original horror
of its decree. A greater scandal to a civilised com-
munity can hardly be imagined than the records
which reach us of the doings at Warsaw. It is not
to be supposed that any material benefit will
result to Poland from this insurrection ; indeed, it
is only too probable that by the active and
stringent measures adopted by the Russians, the
chains of that unhappy country will be more firmly
riveted than ever for the time, and that the suffer-
ings of her unhappy people will furnish another
long list to add to that catalogue of wrongs which
awakens the pity and arouses the indignation of all
independent men. The accounts furnished reveal
a concerted character that is rather surprising,
unless we consider it as the simultaneous expression
of an injured people, whose wrongs are beyond
endurance. There have been several encounters
between the troops and the insurgents. These latter
had effected a junction of their several bands on the
I right bank of the Vistula. On the night of the 22d,
there were attacks made everywhere on the troops
that were detached, they killed all the soldiers they
found billeted in various houses. Of course this suc-
cess was but of a partial nature. The troops, in their
turn, united and repulsed the insurgents, not, how-
ever, without loss on their own side. A general
was wounded and a colonel killed, thirty Russians I
were killed,and three times that number wounded in
the combat. It is a warning to the authorities of the
mistake that they have made in their recent arrange.
ments, by their over haste and harshness in plan-
ning and pursuing their operations, that the two
thousand conscripts lately enrolled have deserted
and assembled at different points. These men must
have been wound up by dreadful persecutions and
fired by the recollection of most maddening out-
rages to have taken so decisive a step, and dared
the dangers of so imminent a fate as that which
hangs over them now after that desertion. They
have been supplied by hostages seized in their
place. The
thateJotirna/hoafve taken
St. Petersburg statesatPiock,
that
the conflicts
Plonsk, Radzyn, and Siedlee'
that were otfhaem
insurgentsos t serious
character. It also states
had intended to enact a second massacre of St. Bar-
tholomew,
and at midnight of the 22dthey seized the
soldiers that were scattered about, not only in
Warsaw, but ail the towns throughout the pro-
vince, some of whom were strangled in their beds.
They also burnt several villages, but the soldiers
defended these vigorously, and finally repulsed the
insurgents everywhere with great loss. The Rus-

sians, on their side, seem to have adopted every
means of defiance and precaution. A general con-
centration of troops has taken place, and Poland is
declared in a state of siege. A band of insurgents
have been surrounded by a military cordon which
has cut off their supplies, and domiciliary visits and
arrests have been made at Kalisch. All these strenu-
ous efforts will doubtless gain their immediate
end of putting down the insurrection, and quelling
the national outbreak. When this has been done
we shall be tempted to exclaim, in the words of
Mr. COBDEN on some public question of the day,
" What nest, and next ?" Is the same system of
tyranny carried to so crushing an extent that
human nature must revolt at it, however useless or
unavailing the outbreak may be, to be the ground,
work of the future policy of tke Russians ? Must
the generation that now exclaims against such bar-
barity, together with those that exercise it, alike
pass away to give place to others who will play the
same part on the stage of the world's history ?
The CZAR may exult in the triumph of
his arms in putting down rebellion and anarchy,
but he had better call to mind tke remark of
PYRRHUS, " Another such victoryand I am undone."
The bright promise which ALEXANDER 11. gave at
the outset of his reign has already been overclouded,
and appears likely soon to give place to the
gloomiest forebodings. If he sanction and encourage
the repetition of such transactions as are recorded
in the resent telegram, he will undo all the good he
has already done, and cover himself with disgrace
in the eyes of the civilised world. Those who may
not be willing from political motives, or able from
intrinsic strength, to aid the oppressed nation by
force of arms, will yet raise an indignant outcry
against such barbarity that may startle the proud
EMPEROR, and call down disgrace on his
doings. To find a parallel to the scenes
in Poland we must look at the blackest pages in the
world's history. The anomaly is that while many
nations have been under such strict surveillance for
a time, that Poland seems destined never to emerge
from a state of moral siege, to a brighter or happier
day. The very means which the usurpers adopt
to crush the incipient attempts of the trampled
down people to free themselves are of such a nature
that after a time these suppressing severities in
themselves occasion renewed outbreaks. It is high
time that this dark tragedy was played out,
and that reason and remonstrance should induce
the Emperor of RUSSIA and his chief counsellors
to moderate their cruel conduct. If they persist much
longer they may create confusions that even their
armies can not quell, or if they do put down the
insurrection openly there will be a smouldering rage
within the heart of the country that will continu-
ally cause them annoyance and harass. It would be
worth their while for an experiment to adopt milder
measures towards Poland, since this constantly re-
curring violence cannot be very pleasant or profita-
ble even to them. One thing is certain, while human
nature is constituted as it is and men's passions are
aroused by fits of treachery and deeds of violence, so
long will the Pol.s rise up against their hard task-
masters who seem to have taken PHAROAH of old as
their model of a ruler, and to harden their
hearts alike against the commandments of their
Maker, and the rights of their fellow creatures.
It is to be trusted that something is yet in store for
Poland that may allow that outraged land, at least,
a little breathing space, and that some check may
be given to her ruthless persecutors, who seem bent
upon scattering and devastating the population of a
country that they have done their utmost to blot
out from the nations of the world.

We have now before us, en extenso, the address
which the majority of the Prussian Chambers have
decided upon presenting to the Throne. It is yet
to be seen whether, should it be presented, his MA-
JESTY will receive it, since his evil genius, Herr
VON BISMARIt, has already informed the Opposi-
tion that " there are limits to what the King of
PRUSSIA can listen to," and that he cannot advise
his MAJESTY to accept the address in question. Herr 1
VON BISMARK is, probably, indignant at the inge-
nious and strictly constitutional distinction which
is drawn in the address between the KING and his
Ministers. He is very unwilling to accept the blame
which under a constitutional Monarchy attaches to
the Minister for his Sovereign's acts, and which in
1 this ease at least it is very fair that the Minister
should be made to participate in. He is too ob-
stinate or too shortsighted to persuade WILLIAM
I. to abate his pretensions and govern on moderate
and equitable principles, and consequently he per-
sists in the course which is leading both himself
and his master into very serious difficulties. The
Chamber, on the other hand, after distinctly stat-
ing their grievances and the support given them
by the country at large, throw the onus of the late
unconstitutional proceedings directly upon the Mi-
nisters, thereby giving the King, if he choose to
avail himself of it, an easy and dignified mode of
concession by the dismissal of his present unpopu-
lar administration. Notwithstanding the loyal ex-
pressions of the address, it is evident that the
Opposition is assuming a more decided attitude.
Their language is firmer, their statement of
grievances mote plain and uncompromising than
of old. They commence by reminding the King
that the last session was closed prior to the com-
pletion of the Budget Law for 1862 ; the budget
drafts for 1863, which according to the charter
should have been agreed upon the previous year,
were withdrawn, and notwithstanding the re-
quest of the Chambers that the Govern-
ment would re submit them in time, the Cham-
bers were closed without receiving them. " Since
then," says the Address, "the Ministers appointed
by your Majesty have, contrary to law and the
charter, carried on the public administration with-
out a budget voted by the House, Defying an ex-
press resolution of the House of Deputies, they have
even gone so far as to authorise suck expenditures as
had been definitively refused by the decisions of the
House." What would be the feeling in England if
such proceedings were adopted ? We are not sur-
prised to find the next paragraph asserting, in in-
dignant terms, that the supreme right of the Legis-
lature has been invadel—a right which forms the
very basis of constitutional government, and the full
concession of which to the Prussian Parliament
has never been hitherto so much as doubted.
It is this right that has always proved the great
check upon Monarchs and Ministers inclined to
overstep due bounds. It is a right which all parties
must admit is incontestably one of the first privi-
leges of a Legislature; and if the Chambers take
their stand upon it, we do not see how the KING
can silence them, unless he resorts to the expedient
of CHARLES 1., and endeavours to rule without them.
The Address then proceeds to denounce in strong
terms the presentation of the addresses by the
reactionary party, which, it states, consists
only of a "small minority estranged to
the nation, but supported by your MAJESTY'S
Ministers ;" and goes on to compare the present
abuses of power towards civil officials, the press,
and the non-embodied militia,tothe oppression prac-
ticed years in the preceding
the Regency. The new
Session, it is said, has opened without any real over-
tures being made by the Government, and, in truth,
the tone of the Speech was anything but concilia-
tory, The RING is reminded of the daily loss of i

dignity and power suffered by his Government in i
the eyes of foreign nations, and is entreated to dis-
tinguish "between the honest voice of the legal
representatives" of his people, and the advice of
those who endeavour to shelter their arbitrary pro-
ceedings by his name. Certainly, after perusing
this document King WILLIAM I. will not be
able to complain that he has not heard the truth,
yet, notwithstanding its plain speaking it is charac-
terised by justice and moderation. The Chambers
have undoubted the right on their side in insisting
upon the legislative control of the finances, and we
trust that the members of the Opposition will re-
concile all other differences, and concentrate their
forces on this point. They will undoubtedly receive
the support of the nation at large, who have wit-
nessed with alarm and misgiving this invasion of
t heir rights, and their demands will be endorsed by the
public opinion of Europe and the invariable practice
of all constitutional kingdoms. On the other hand,
we sincerely hope, although appearances are at pre-
sent unpromising, that the KING will reconsider his
position, and avail himself of the opportunity
offered him to effect a reconciliation with his
Chambers. Let him replace Herr VON BISMARK
and his associates by a constitutional Ministry, let
the Budget be submitted to the Chambers in regular
form, and let the further consideration of the ill-
starred measure of military re-organisation be de-
ferred for the present. The Chambers speak
truly when they state that the prolonga-
tion of the dispute is weakening the
authority of Prussia at home and abroad,
and it is undoubtedly to the interest of both par-
ties to come to a settlement. We cannot hope
that the Deputies will renounce their rights, but
we hope that the King may learn wisdom from
experience, aided by the present state of affairs
in a neighbouring country, and availing himself
of the constitutional axiom that " the King can
do no wrong," meet the loyal professions of the
Address by the dismissal of his obnoxious Minister.

The Reforms of the Pontifical Government.

The following details respecting the proposed
reforms of the Pontifical government are translated
from the official report recently forwarded by the
Papal Nuncio at Paris to the French Minister of
Foreign Affairs. The entire report is of consider-
able length, and is principally occupied with an
account of the organisition of the Papal States :

At the approaching renewal of the communal councils,
the law of 24th November, 1850, will be carried into execu-
tion in the enactments not yet enforced relative to the elec-
tion of the councillors by means of a college of electors in-
stituted to that effect in every commune.
The Holy Father also intends to increase the number of
Councillors of State, and of members of the Consulta of
State for the Finances, by granting to these last a deliberative
vote, But will lie be able to do this with a good grace (con
decoro) now that his States are reduced to so small a frac-
tion, and the treasury and its resources in a manner ex-
hausted ? Still, his holiness does not cease to occupy him-
self with all the improvements possible in the administration
of the State. With that view, a commission composed of
competent persons will undertake the necessary studies as
soon as the preparatory measures (the execution of which
has already commenced) shall have been completed.
The administration of justice does n')t differ from that
existing in the most civilised States of Europe. There is a
code of procedure, and in each chief provincial town a tri-
bunal for important causes, while for matters of minor
importance there are inferior judges who fulfil the same
functions as the juges de pair in France. There are three
courts of appeal,
one at Rome, one at Bologna, and one at
Macerata. Criminal causes are tried by the collegiate tri-
bunals in public sitting, and the witnesses are confronted
with the accused. A code of procedure determines the
forms to be followed in criminal causes, and a penal code
fixes the punishment to be inflicted on persons found guilty
of misdemeanours or crimes.
If in civil affairs there is no code properly so called, still
the laws in vigour are of a nature to induce the most ardent
enemies of the Holy Father to confess, even in the parlia-
ment of Turin, that the Pontifical government is the most
paternal and at the same time the best adapted to the wants
of the population. With some trifling exceptions, the poli-
tical and civil jurisprudence of the Roman States has no
other bases than Justinian law. Nevertheless, in accord-
ance with a petition addressed to him, the Holy Father has
named a commission charged to embody all these laws into
a kind of code. Thus, with regard to the existing penal
node the means of effecting certain ameliorations are already
under consideration, whilst the Council of State is engaged
in introducing into the commercial code certain modifica-
tions which have been recognised as useful and necessary.
Public works and charitable institutions will always be
favoured by the Holy Father, and ever find support and
assistance in his inexhaustible charity. An article in the
Osservettors Romakzo notices these dispositions, and although
that journal is not official, the information it gives is gene-
rally very accurate. Neither the miserable condition to
which foreign rapacity and violence have now reduced the
Pontifical finances, nor the other difficulties of the present
time, prevent the Holy Father from providing for the wants
of the populations, or from doing whatever may promote
their welfare. For instance, his holiness has just ordered the
making of a road to place Sermoneta in communication with
the neighbouring localities, a road which was much wanted.
He has also given an active impulse to the work for making
a new wet dock at Civita Vecchia, by adapting that already
existing to the requirements of commerce. It is also well
nigh decided to giant the demand of a company which pro-
poses to connect tie Civita Vecchi Railway with Orbitello,
by means of a new branch line ; likewise, for the greater
advantage and corsenienoe of his subjects, the Holy Father
has been pleased to abolish the use of passports for free cir-
culation in the interior, and has declared that any paper
proving identity should suffice to authorise the bearer to
gt
o the
those permis-
sion m i
whos-
travel wherever he may please.
Father's
Pontifical
clemency
States ey is g
also
reonre
d n
sioThotothreetHuronlytothe
had left them to fight under the Piedmontese flag, provided
they were not charged with crimes of misdemeanours.
An amelioration of the postal service is now under con-
sideration, and efforts are making to introduce into the other
branches of the administration all improvements which may
be advantageous to citizens, and tend to promote the public
service. In a word, the Holy Father's attention is constantly
directed to whatever can contribute to the moral and mate-
rial welfare of his subjects, and to the means of realising
improvements so far as circumstances and the penury of his
finances permit.

THE FUNERAL OF THE LATE MR. RICHARD
GREEN.—On Saturday morning the funeral of the
late Mr, Green, the eminent shipowner,took place in Poplar
with every mark of public respect and regret. An im-
posing processi•rn was formed soon after 11 o'clock, but long
before that hour the streets near the railway station, in
front of the lamented gentleman's late residence, and the
East India-road as far as Trinity Chapel, were thronged
by dense crowds, numbering from 15,000 to 20,000 persons
of all ages and conditions. The shops were generally
closed, and the flags of all the shipping in the East and
West India Docks were hoisted half-mast high. The pro-
cession was headed by 100 men of the Royal Naval Re-
serve, followed by 40 cadets of the training-ship Worcester.
The hearse was followed by several mourning coaches and
Mr. Green's private carriage, to which succeeded the cap-
tains and officers of deceased's ships, the foremen and
clerks of the establishment, a large number of the gentle-
men of the district, and the carpenters and others employed
in the yards. The cortege was closed by a number of boys
from the Merchant Sailors' Orphan Asylum at Snaresbrook,
and from the local schools, of which Mr. Green was so
munficent a patron. The body was interred in Trinity
Chapel, Poplar, by the side of the coffin of deceased's
father, Mr. George Green.

THE BUDGET.—Rumour, however, says that our
gross military expenditure for next year will be
diminished by more than ten times the sum we have men-
tioned £200,000, and that on the army estimates alone the
Chancellor of the Exchequer will be enabled to remit two-
pence of the income tax, thus bringing it down to its ori-
ginal, and we may say normal 7d. We believe that, in
this instance, rumour is guilty of no undue exaggeration.
The principal head under which this enormous reduction
is effected is that of " Warlike stores for land and sea
service," for which £2,200,000 was voted last year.
With the facility of manufacture which we now enjoy, we
may, with all safety, allow a diminution of the immense
quantities of stores accumulated at all our military stations
over the world; and we believe that the great reductions
under this head will still leave our establishments fairly
supplied. The cost of barracks this year was £690,000,
and in this department we may expect a considerable re-
duction of expense, attributable, we may presume, to a de-
termination to erect no more new buildings while there are
many barracks in excellent condition unoccupied through-
out the United Kingdom, Upon other items of supply no
doubt reductions can bo effected, and we cannot but express
great satisfaction that the expectations of the country as
regards a diminution of expenditure are likely to be ac-
complishel without any very serious redaction of the nu-
merical strength of the army, or a material interference
with the organisation which of late years has tended so
much to its eMoiency.—..Artny and Navy Gazette.
A nephew of Abd-el-Kader, married to a Chris-
tian wife, is about to be baptised in Paris, and intends to
proceed to the Sahara as a missionary.,