The Sun.
London, England, 1837-09-22 00:00:00

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NEW WORK BY THE AUTHOR OF " RATTLIN THE

REEFER."
THE OLD COMMODORE.
By the Author of " Rattlin the Reefer," &c.
IS NOW READY.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.
*** Agents :—For Scotland, Messrs. Bell and Bradfute, Edin-
burgh ;. for Ireland, Mr. John Cumming, Dublin.

ERRATUM.—In our first leading article .of yesterday the
words " the piety of his masters" are inserted, instead
of " the piety of his ancestors."

Y'h
e publication of THE SUN NEWSPAPER commenced this day
at 10 minutes past Three o' Clock.

LONDON.
FRIDAY EVENING. SEPTEMBER 22, 1837.

The system of corrtfution which the Tory faction
have adopted and recognised as a legitimate means of
gaining political influence, leaves it no longer a doubt-
ful question whether we shall have recourse to legisla-
tive measures to provide a remedy for an evil of
anch enormity. By corruption we do not mean
bribery alone. We include under that term intimi-
dation, or coercion, the fabrication of votes by
means of simulated qualifications, and other prac-
,'ces alike inconsistent with the spirit of the Re-
furni Bill, and the principles of moral rectitude. Every
reflecting person now sees the necessity of devising
aoine means by which the representative system may
be, preserved—for it is in imminent danger—and we
believe that there is not one measure that could be
named, which would command so unanimous a support
tfrom the people of England, Scotland, and Ireland, as
that which should have for its object to secure at
elections the unchecked expression of their politi-
cal convictions by a bona fide constituency. The
Iteform of the abuses of registration, and an
alteration in the mode of taking the votes, are
the two main points to which public attention
should now be directed. To neither of these things
could the Tories object, if they had any regard to
honesty ; for it is their constant boast that their par-
tizans are far more numerous than their oppo-
nents. But the truth is, that, in making this
boast, as in most other things which they do, they
tht t were none are insincere'.
They are convinced in their own minds
but properly qualified electors ad-
tnited nn the register, and were these allowed
to vote according to their consciences, Toryism would
soon be in a sorry
_plight. They, therefore, struggle
with might and main acrainst all alterations in the
Present electoral system, which they find they can
Work
so much to their own advantage. Like other
public depredators too, they fight under' false colours.
-hey pretend that the Ballot, by introducing secrecy,
would corrupt the morals of the people. They—the
Wholesale traders in corruption—have the impudence
to put upon record this objection to the only plan
h could enable the electors of Great Britain to
discharge their duty to their country faithfully and
constitutionally.
This hypocritical objection is, however, beginning
to °e better understood by the public, and also by
many who have been disinclined, from real, though
imistaken principle, to adopt a secret mode of vot-
e • Every day is adding something to the general
?Inion in favour of the Ballot, and the question
i
now almost every day the subject of discussion in
Some shape or other. We noticed, a few days ago, a
clever Pamp
HAM
from the pen of Mr. LEWIS, pub-
iisi.ed hY EFFINGAM WILSON, on this all-impor-
tant subject; and to-day we have inserted an excellent
Pofp.,er) issued from the same quarter, under the title
811: Ten Minutes' Talk on the Ballot," by J. C.
'as, the author of an admirable pamphlet
ki_l-ourch-Rates. Our readers will find in this Ten
„erualutes Talk," a pithy refutation of the objections ge-
t, b Y
.urged against the Ballot. We recommend it
the e circulated by the friends of Reform throughout
singsccuntY• It may be had, we believe, at five shil-
a hundred.

It ow
will be seen by an advertisement in this day's. Sun,
that the Irish Reformers have held a meeting (on the
i?biect of the Dublin Election Petition) for the pur-
se of raising
a fund to defend the return of Messrs.
' ChoIINELE, and HUTTON. We are glad of this, for
liti B"°wß a generous and determined spirit; and will
't-iive the effect of scaring the Dublin Tories into somed-
-4 ing like common sense. Among the resolutions move
;and Passed at this important meeting is the following ;
_that consideriiig the exhortations of the Tory press,
thatterated
again and again before the elections, urging
'lir partisans to en.a.e in the most desperate and ex-
ile
til.te contests, for the mere purpose of harassing, by
th..it'lla? those whom they could not defeat upon
x-b P°11; considering that, in conformity with these
cult°tit_ati°l-13, elections were, in fact, contested with-
IN tue, possibility of success to the Tory candidates,
pre with their avowed intention of petitioning, ex-
Plerd' in some instances, in the form of exacted
the ges, before the elections began ; considering that
%ev)? have been since exhorted by their press to per-
herere i...
petitioning, in order to diminish the nuT-
teesof"
Members eligible to sit upon Election Comma-
ale ; :e:"siderio. that, in many of these instances, the
powi°r`t's of theb Popular candidates were so over-
4euetit:ing as to render any hope of a successful pro.-
ties -1). of the petitions absolutely futile—m ajotr)ie-
eity etlng, in the County of Cork 754, iii
' Cork
two to 528, in 'Westmeath of more than
and i "e, in Kildare of more than three to one,
in allb TiPperary of more than four to one—
' threatened°f whieli places petitions have been
Publie ' we put it to the plain sense of the
, .. , whether, if the
41ritiah
Public bpockets of the
appeal to the
*e have re, e not prompted by the motives to
which
to pack d'erred, it has not sprung from a conspiracy
to bear
_, ommittees of the House of Commons, and
"W N, by the mere weight of money, the free

and popular representation of Ireland." The spirit
dildayed in this tim?,ly icsolution cannot fail to be
attended with the most beneficial results, for it will
give a strong stimulus to the national feeling, and con-
vince the Tories that Ireland is not to he born down
by packed Committees of the [louse of COTT3IIO IS. If
Irish Orangemen get up subscriptions in order to
enable their partizans to engage in the most desperate
and expeusive contests, to will Irish Reformers show
equal :eal and determination in defending the returns
of those whom they have selected to represent them.
If the one party is vigorous on the wrong side, the
other will be still more energetic on the right. The
Tory tactics with regard to election petitions are now
pretty well understood, and delighted are we to per-
ceive that Ireland is taking every precaution to provide
against them.

The celebrated Dr. CIIANNING of the United
States—the WILBERFORCE of the New World—de-
livered an address on Temperance in the city of Bos-
ton, in the month of February last, which, we are
happy to see, has been reprinted in a cheap form for
circulation among the people of this country. We
have read this address with some care ; and we can
safely pronounce it the most rational exposition that
we ever met with, of the incentives to, the consequences
of, and means of preventing the spread of gross intem-
perance. What renders this address particularly va-
luable is, that it applies with as much force to the ha-
bits of the British people as to those of their Trans-
Atlantic brethren. Take the following sketch of the
present all-prevailing want of society as an example :
To be stimulated, excited, is the universal want. The
calmness, sobriety, plodding industry of our fathers have
been succeeded by a feverish restlessness. The books that
are read are not the great, standard, immortal works of ge-
nius, which require calm thought, and inspire deep feeling ;
but ephemeral works, which are run through with a rail-
road rapidity, and which give a pleasure not unlike that
produced by exhilaratinf, draughts. Business is become a
race, and is hurried on by the excitement of great risks,
and the hope of great profits. Even religion partakes the
general restlessness. In some places, extravagant measures,
which storm the nervous system, and drive the more sensi-
tive to the borders of insanity, are resorted to for its promo-
tion. Everywhere people go to church to be excited rather
than improved. This thirst for stimulants cannot be shut
up in certain spheres. It spreads through and charae•
tenses the community. It pervades those classes, who, un-
happily, can afford themselves but one strong stimulus, in-
toxicating liquor ; and among these, the spirit of the age
breaks out in intemperance. _

This must be the effect of several general and co-
operating causes. Dr. CHANNI NG reckons excessive
toil—mental and bodily—among the most urgent

One cause of the commoness of intemperance in the pre-
sent state of things, is the heavy burden of care and toil
which is laid on a large multitude of men. Multitudes,
to earn subsistence for themselves and their faMilies, are
often compelled to undergo a degree of labour exhausting
to the spirits and injurious to health. Of consequence, re-
lief is sought in stimulants. We do not find that civilisa-
tion lightens men's toils ; as yet it has increased them ; and
in this effect, I see the sign of a deep defect in what we
call the progress of society. It cannot be the design of the
Creator, that the whole of life should be spent in drudgery
for the supply of animal wants. That civilisation is very
imperfect, in which the mass of men can redeem no time
from bodily labour, forintePectual, moral and social culture.
It is melancholy to witness the degradation of multitudes
to the condition of beasts of burden. Exhausting toils un-
fit the mind to resist temptation. The man, spent with
labour, and cut off by his condition from higher pleasures,
is impelled to seek a deceitful solace in sensual excess. How
the condition of society shall be so changed as to prevent
excessive pressure on any class, is undoubtedly a hard ques-
tion. One thing seems plain, that there is no tendency in
our present institutions and habits to bring relief. On the
contrary, rich and poor seem to be more and more op-
pressed with incessant toil, exhausting forethought, anxious
struggles, feverish competitions.
The second cause assigned by Dr. CHANNING
claims the especial consideration of the purse-proud
Aristoeracy of England. It is indeed the prolific pa-
rent of most of the vices that disgrace British society
Another cause of intemperance, is the want of self-re-
spect which the present state of society induces among the
poor and laborious. Just as far as wealth is the object of
worship, the measure of men's importance, the badge of
distinction, so far there will be a tendency to self-contempt
and self-abandonment among those whose lot gives them no
chance of its acquisition. Such naturally feel as if the great
good of life were denied them. They see themselves ne-
glected. Their condition cuts them off from communication
with the improved. They think they have little stake in the
general weal. They do not feel, as if they had a character
to lose. Nothing reminds them of the greatness of their
nature. Nothing teaches them, that in their obscure lot they
may secure the highest good on earth. Catching from the
general tone of society the ruinous notion, that wealth is
honour as well as happiness, they see in their narrow lot no-
thing to inspire self-respect, In this delusion, they are not
more degraded than the prosperous ; they but echo the
voice of society ; but to them the delusion brings a deeper,
immediate ruin. By sinking them in their own eyes, it
robs them of a powerful protection against lce.v vices. It
prepares them for coarse menners, for gross pleasures, for
descent to brutal degradation. Of all classes of society, the
poor should be treated with peculiar deference, as the means
of counteraoting their chief peril.; I mean, the loss of self-
respect. But to ell their other evil is added peculiar neg-
lect. Can we then wonder that they fall ?
Now comes the question. How are these causes of
intemperance to be removed ? We answer with the
American philanthrophist :—by extending education
among the people—by lightening the pecuniary bur-
dens that now weigh them down—by securing to
them a fair proportion of the benefits accruing from
discoveries in practical science—and by encouraging
every innocent amusement that has a tendency to
make them more cheerful and contented with their
condition. Dr. CHANNING recommends no gloomy
Sabbath Bills—no AGNEWITE system of social mo-
rality. To make men temperate and religious, he con-
tends that we must begin with making them cheerful :
In these remarks 1 have insisted on the importance of
increasing innocent gratifications in a community. Let us
become a more cheerful, and we shall become a more tem-
perate people. To increase our susceptibility of innocent
pleasure, and to remove many of the sufferings which tempt
to evil habits, it would be well if physical, as well as moral
education, were to receive greater attention. There is a
puny, half-healthy, half-diseased state of the body, too
common among us, which, by producing melancholy and
restlessness, and by weakening the enerio, of the will, is a
strong incitement to the use of hurtful stimulants. Many
a ease of intemperance has had its origin in bodily infirmity.
Physical vigour is not only valuable for its own sake, but it
favours temperance, by opening the mind to cheerful im-
pression!, and by removing those indescribable feelings of
sinking, disquiet, depression, which experience alone can
enable you to understand. I have pleaded for mental cul-
ture ; but nothing is gained by sacrificing the body to the
mind. Our whole nature must be cared for. We must
become a more cheerful, animated people ; and for this
end we must propose, in our systems of education, the in-
vigoration of both body and mind.
I have said, a people should be guarded against tempta-
tion to unlawful pleasures by furnishing the means of in-
nocent ones. By innocent pleasures I mean such as excite
moderately ; such as produce a cheerful frame of mind, not
boisterous mirth ; such as refresh, instead of exhausting the
system ; such as occur frequently, rather than continue
long ; such as send us back to our daily duties invigorated
in body and in spirit ; such as we can partake in the pre-
sence and society of respectable friends ; such as consist
with and are favourable to a grateful piety ; such as are
chastened by self-respect, and are accompanied with the
consciousness, that life has a higher end than to be amused.
In every community there must be pleasures, relaxations,
and means of agreeable excitement ; and if innocent ones
are not furnished, resort will be had to criminal. Man was
mach to enjoy, as well as to labour ; and the state of so-
ciety should 10 adapted to this principle of human nature.
Fraxce, especially i;efore the revolution, has been repre-
sented as a singularly tempevate ppuntry ; a fact to be ex-
plained,peaotple, and b
least in p) he
a, rtt, by the constitutioPai P}4 ee rfulness
of that
prevalenceltei of simple and innocent
gratifications, especially among
peasantry. Men drink
to excess very often to shake off depression, or to satisfy
the rilitl.els thirst for agreeable excitement, and these mu-
tires are excluded in n cheerful community. A gloomy
state of society, in which there ac© few innocent recreations,
relsq be expectedi, to abound in drunkenness, if oppo-stunities
are alto: d; Time savage drinks to excess, because his
hours of sobriety lieu deli and unvaried,.l;ecaUse, in losing
the consciousness of his coneitiet; ca ol his existence, he
loges little which he wishes to retain.. `the labouring
efeepweeoetdherto
plianatesomrpizeori,ancoex,
have
classes
at
atrep r ae ose snt t
citieemetunstes.theAy
I man, who, after toil, has resources of blameless recreation,

is less tempted than ether men to seek self-obiision. tic
has too many of the pleasures of a man, to take up wit!,
those of a brute. 'Fiis the encouragement of simple, inno-
cent enjoyments is an important means of temperance.
In this language we recognise the true spirit of the
Gospel. Were all the Ministers of the Christian re-
huion to take this beautiful view of the moral Govern-
meta of the world, what a Paradise would not Europe
become in a few years, notwithstanding the depth of
misery in which the great bulk of its inhabitants are
now steeped But a reform so extensive must be the
work of time. The seeds now sown will fall into a
soil prepared for them, and soo,:er or later will produce
an abundant harvest.

The following telegraphic despatch, which was pub-
lished in Wednesday's Monileur, conveys the most
recent intelli•,;ence on the subject of Affairs in Spain
:---
BAYONNE, SEPT. 19, HALF-PAST 6, A.M.—According
to accounts from Madrid of the 14th, in the evening, Don
Carlos was on the 13th at Fuentiducna, marching towards
Chincon on the left. He was supposed to intend to move
upon Andalusia. In the evening of the same day Espar-
tero entered Madrid, and his army Alcala. The Queen
was received with great enthusiasm when, on the 12th, she
reviewed the troops and the militia."
A letter from Bona of the Gth, says—" All the steam-
Lo its from Toulon and Algiers land detachments of troops.
The whole remanets of troops now in this province may
be estimated at 11,000 men, of whom nearly 1,500 are
sick or convalescent ; so that we want 5,000 more : 2,000
will be sufficient to guard our several ports, and 12,000
will be necessary for the expedition. Achmet has taken
all possible measures to defend himself, and to take advan-
tage of the slightest misfortunes that may occur to our
army. The accounts from the camps do not agree to-
gether. A treaty of peace is again spoken of, hot the
army reckons on having to fight. General Damre-
mont is strongly fortified at Medgez el Ilamar ;
lie is on good terms with the neighbouring tribes,
which supply our troops with provisions ; he has hired
beasts of burden to complete-the convoy which is to carry
the provisions, and nobody doubts that the expedition will
take place.
The accounts from the interior say that the appearance
of the squ dron of Admiral Gallois at Tunis has caused
much con=ternation in the army of Achmet Bey. The
Arabs, who exaverate everything, have reported that an
immense fleet b;id anchored off Tunis, that the French
were going to t 3 :ke possession of that Regency, and then
march to Constantine by the road between the two ca-
pitals. This news has caused a general alarm, and we
shall doubtless profit by the effect produced by the ap-
pearance of the squadron of Admiral Gallois, the object of
whose mission is, however, quite unknown to us.—Lc Con-
-3004012ne1, Sept. 20.

Flre-NcH FUNDS —PARIP, Sept *V.
t lye per Cents.. InSf. 3,c. 35c.
Four and a Half tier Cents. I,i2f.
Four per tents., Ioof.
'lace per Cents., 7011 4 c. 45c. 50c.
Bank Actions, 2,135 f.
&elite de Naples, 9Sf.
Roman Five per Cents., 101.
Spanish Actives, 20.0i3t,',NA.
Spanish Passives, 4 %.
Belgian Limn, Five per Cents, 101.
Belgian Bank, 1,4551.
Portuguese. Three per Cents, 251,4.
I4,ytian Loan, 370 f.
Excliallos. nn Loisnois.
OGe inontli, paper, 25f. 47 c.; money, 251. 41c.
rev mouths, paper, 251.45 c. ; money, 251. 27!X.
—Court, Authentic:me.
. LAST PRICES.
Five per Cents., lOC 45c.
Three per Cents. 79f. 55c.
Bank Actions, 2,435 f.
Ftionan Five per Cents., 101.
Belgian Loan, 104.
Belgian Bank, 1,4551:
Ilaytian Loan, 570 f.
Spanish Actives, 20%,
Spanish Passives 4%.

Claremont abounds in game, which has been well
preserved. King Leopold has had several good days'
shooting there since his arrival from Belgium.
Last night a meeting of the Bloomsbury and St.
Giles Reform Registry Association was held at the Angel
Inn, High-street, for the transaction of business.. For some
time back the affairs of the Society have been rather de-
ranged, in consequence of some trivial dispute, which was
likely to have led to a considerable breach in the Reform
ranks in that district. This, we believe, however, has been
wisely accommodated, and from the great accession of
strength which the Society continues to receive, it will be
enabled, not only to extend its usefulness, but be a source
of infinite annoyance to the Tory party in Finsbury.
On Thursday night, near ten o'clock, Mr. James
Mallinson, pawnbroker, Cross-keys, Little Bolton, having
just taken supper, was seized with a violent pain in his
chest and back. He had been subject to attacks of this
kind, and walked backwards and forwards across the room
floor. Mrs. Mallinson asked him if she could render him
any assistance ; and he replied, " It is the worst attack I
ever had, but perhaps it will go off shortly." Mr. Mal-
linson then sat down on a couch-chair ; but almost instantly
fell upon his face on the fl .or. Assistance was immediately
called in, and Mr. Pendlebury, surgeon, sent for, who
arrived in about ten minutes ; but Mr. Mallinson was dead.
D,‘ceased was sixty-five years of age, and a remarkably ab-
stemious and steady man. The surgeon was of opinion
that the dece;sed had died of apoplexy ; and the Jury re-
turned a verdict, " Died by the visitation of God,"

We learn with the ►leepest regret that the venerable
Mr. Bell, of' Rammerscales, lost his life on the 12th inst.,
under the fallowing circumstances. Mr. Bell was seated in
his gig, along with his nephew, Mr. M'Donald, and a young
lad, the servant, when, from some cause which we have not
heard explained, the horse took fright, careered at full
speed down the steep brae, upon the road leading from
Rammerscales to Lochtnaben, and the vehicle upsetting,
all were dashed to the ground with considerable violence.
Mr. Bell was so severely injured that he only survived three
hours, and we understand that Mr. M'Donald is also hurt
severely, and the boy :lightly. The deceased was a highly
respectable country gentleman, and had reached niarly
fourscore years.—Duinfries Courier.

There is a great number of pheasants in the grounds
attached to the Palace at K.w, where much buck-wheat
has been sown to prevent the birds front seeking it elsewhere,
Mr. Cockerton, the partner of MN. Honey in the
management of the City of London Theatre, is a dealer in
1,4i/eve.
Two men have been apprehended and lodged in gaol
for the murder of a man named . Ryan, so far back as the
year 1823.—Cia.-e Jun gal.
A dreadful accident occurred at Procne on Tuesday
last, to a young man, a s.?rvant of A. Whitaker, Esq., who,
in endeavouring to jump over some iron fencing on his
master's premis •s, became transfixed on the top thereof,
three of the spikes having entered the abdomen, and in.
flitted severe wounds. It was some time before the poor
fellow could be removed ; he has since received the Lest
surgical assistance, and hopes are entertained of his icco-
very.—Sherborhe Journal.
A curious specimen of antiquity was found on
Wednesday, near Newry. It is a small brazen statue, clad
in complete armour, holding in the right hand a large
hall. There is every reason to believe it to be a represen-
tation of the Danish Mars, Wodenne or Odenne, who was
imagined to have presided over victories. The workman-
ship of this beautiful figure is most perfect, giving abundant
evidence of the perfection which the arts had been brought
to, even in remote ages.
PUBLIC DlNNERS.—Political symposia are the
order of the day. M. P.'s and " their independent elec-
tors" have either dined, are dining, or are going to dine, in
almost every place throughout the united kng lam. The
frequency of these feasts, the celerity with wh ch one suc-
ceeds the other defies anything like a record of these im-
portant events ! When we read the speeches made on oc-
casions like t.lese by the Tory Members, we are irresistibly
impressed with the conviction that the Conservative: swallow
must be most extensive if they digest only one thous indth
part of the large supply of flummery which their members
bring forward, glorifying themselves, and gulliag the consti-
tuencies to whom they address their specious speeches.

Two men, part of a gang of robbers, h lye been ap-
prehended and lodged in goof; they are charted with sheep
and cow stealing.—Clare Journal.
A citizen dying greatly in debt, it coming to his
creditors' ears—Farewell, said one, th re is so much of
mine gone with him. And he carried so much of mine,
said another. One hearing them mak their several com-
plaints, saki—Well, I see now, that though a man can
carry nothing of his own out of the worl, yet he may carry
a deal of other men's.

DISGRACEFUL.—Our newsm in in the Chard
district informs us that several of his subscribers, who are
farmers, renting under Tory landlords have been compelled
decline taking this journal ; we have two hist:loo i
s n
which th© unfortunate individuals sta eii.‘ that they excee`l-
ingly regretted giving up the paper, but that they did not
dare to take it," and were absolutely ,tfraid to see the net”-
mat} pqrnp to their houses. Good God! where will this
end ?--4401torpc jquritig?,
04 Wednesday last, a man o° the name of John
Keys, while working in a quarry in the n.ighbourbood of
Mullinahone, unfortunately lost his life in consequence of a
largo bank of clay falling. on him. His aged father was
dear the spot at the time and with others made every
• -.1
in their power to save hint by removing the heavy load that
covered him as quickly as. possib:e, b.lt in vain ; life was
extinct. He has left a wife and foar young children to la-
ment his loss.—Tipperara Free Press.
man Nattie.o- who came to town in search
if his cow, Ibund-pii roatru bt44ed to death by
accident,—Clare Journal, effort

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