The Sun.
London, England, 1830-11-26 00:00:00

SPIRIT OP Tirg MOO lOURNALS.

bees:mei more and more alarm"rte The insurreee
, .
We are sorry to say that the state of the •country
tiouary spirit is, spreading both westward and •
ward. We were yesterday waited on by a gentle-
man front Berkshire, Who gave ue a very..clear anti
~
esniible account of some recent proceeding* in that
part of the country. On &turtle/ list, be 'l4lid, a
capture was made at Brampton, near Reading, of
ten men out of A body of ,:about 1,50, who,• were
breaking machines, On Monday Another party of
seven or eight were seized, In the yet of breaking.
machines and committing depredetions ou the estate
of ---- Gower, Esq. of Bi I•hill, near Reading.
On Tuesday ten or eleven mischief-brothels were
taken into custody, through the aid of the military
quartered in Reading; they were all lodged in the
county gaol. On Tuesday evening a fire was dile
covered on the premises of Peter Green, Esq., at
Barkbam.square, situated about heir way between
the High Bath road and the Great Western road.
ft broke out about half-past six o'clock in the even-
ing. It was stated by Mr Clive, M.P., who was
present during the exertions to extinguish the fire,
that some time before, a person was seen linking
about the neighbourhood, who had made inquiries
of the children whether Mr. Green .used a thrashing.
machine, and it was believed that this person had
been instrumental in producing the fire.. The
same person had asked the children questions re•
specting a gentleman who lived two miles off. Mr.
Clive sent a message to that gentleman, •to caution
him to be on the look out. A meeting of the,
.1441 e.
gistrates of the Forret division of. the county wee
held at Oakingliam, about seven macaroni Reitdiog.
Mr. Walter, the High Sheriff, and •Mr, I;'isher
Palmer, among others, were present. The. olliect
of the meeting was to consider what measures were
necessary in the present disturbed state of the dim.
trict. An opulent farmer, who, bolds lends under
Mr. Fisher Palmer, observed that oe,.,s'elltittstf an
the distress was the high rents, which pOveiateil '`tae,termer' from employing the labourers. On 'this''
Fisher Painter produced a rent-rail of ' tits tether's",
and showed that the farm held by that: gentleman
~ ~
tpveansc, fifteayn yaecarres
laegoos,
tlhetalf.otrhoenillyreolteinctslrteilnlltn! antnal
teihx;
observed that the taxes were then only thirteen.
millions, whereas they were now nearly sixty .
millions, and the additional taxation had proditced .
corresponding distress. In the very parish of Oak.
itigharn, it was observed by some one, that the
tithes, which belonged to the See of Selisbury,
were let a few years ago for about 4001. a year,
whereas Mr. Crabtree, Sir Francis 13urdetee stewing,
now rented theta for 1,500/. a yew. The workiree
Clergyman receives only about 1001. a year out of
all this atnocnt. On Wetineaday forenoon a meeting
was held of the Magistrates of the Reading di-
vision in that town, for the puipose of tensidering
in what manner the disturbances could be ar-
rested. All the persons of any eonsideration
in the neighbourhood had received letters front
Swing. The state of the poor its Berkshire, ac.
cording to our informant, is miserable beyomt de..
seription. The grocers and general dealers, who;
have but too many opportunities of knowing. the si-
tuation of the labouring poor, are, witnesees to dread-
ful scene,. Alt sorts of gsrbege are sold sts thee, hold
food is devoured with eagerness which no gentlemen
would allow his dogs to touch, , The Fitllo4 Merapitsgs
of Irish butter are purchased and greedily devourree.
One half of the labouring people do not touch letterset
food once a week. The distreaa of the people is.ete
much felt by tiadviimen, that they see nothing but rube
before them. Our informant was present at the fire ors
Mr. Green's premises. The lebottriog people shoWell
no want of will to extinguish it, but they were a set of
miserable-lookingcreaturee, under-fed, feeble/4%o(hour.
shoes, and altogether in a shucking plight, Mr.
Clive ascended a ladder placed against 4 rick, end
addressed them in a tone which wetted to indicate
dissati,fectien with their elTurls ; . but our informant
conceived that their want of energy was rather the
result of feebleness then • want of good will. The
population, ha says, is everywhere redundant. The
ittelosure of Windtorsforest hiss added greatly ttith 6 '
distress* of the poet. This took» piece dirrivig: the
war, when prides were high:- . A munbistet •fitenpsese
solik capital oh thalandslit iii.ef tiiti";,'''itil. ...din.-
tinned time • cultivation Witten
~ prides fell, , eitiiiiiie'.
the unemployed poor se hurdeno6., this .tiStrs je11.....,
To show whet meet be
.the Ptivetious of the,.
labourers, he lostanced a ploughmen on the' ferns sl
is great caltivotor, who bad a wife and six chi'.drett,
and received in all tee shillings a week ; 64t of
which he had to pey his cottage rent of !11. a yeftr.r.-•
clothes and shoes of course C4ll only he, obtained.hy
begging. ethe demoralization cett,ed by this state
of things is exceusiva. Every man ploys at the
game of robbing his tteighhour, .
The smell farmer
are obliged to send their torn to market 'as soon 's.
possible, in order to pity their way. They arcades
liFs'l to etuploy labourera when wages are high.
1 he more.opulent termer defers as much of his labour.
as he ean to the
.441m1 1104 e, Who! the lebotrer4 air
only partielly empleyed ; he thin engage* them ore
the lowest terms, throwing them, for their suppose
on the "wish, by which meats* 11).1111101 fermiers. tho
village shopkeepers, the village art isans,4e. are ruined,
by the pressure of pool's rates. It is in thi4 way
that the race of smell farmers has been aim nit. 64.
tirpated, and an impassable gulph made between the
labourer and the farmer. However, like all other
evils, it will work its own cure ; but the cure is
dreadful. In the meantime the heed of every meer.
is against every other Matt. We yeeterduy v 01...
versed with a gentleman frotn Berwickshire (South
1 Scotland), who gave a most favottroble , account
of that part of thocountry. " The labouring people
were employed, hippy, anti well fed and clothed.
No abatement of rent was thought of. So far front
this, he mentioned a Fenn on an estate about four
miles from Duns:, let at 150/., for which the tenant
had himself offered art increase of 204 a year.
People imperfectly acquainted with the subject !peek
of huge farms as the ramie of the distress. `Tire
distress is reused neither by largo 'tor small &resale
Throughout Northumberland and the Struth of
Scotlattd the farms are generally very large, aretthe
labouring population are wall fed, and welt lodged
arid clad. but the labourers are not reduntlent.and
can make their own terms. The labourer* of the
South of England are in most places reduntient.
They are consequently art the mercy of their ten.
players. They calm of make their own terms. The.
poors'-rates keep them above typhus-proof, to use
the phrase of a gentleman from Wiltshire, Witt.
• out the poore'rates they would be ground down tot's.
condition of the utmost staining, amino riepectable
person would ha able to live to the muggy. It is
astoniehisig to us how, with to many cause* of .tlerntie
relizetion in commit operation in Faighttel,thiegs Ma
not worse. Thus, for instunee, In every perish the
landholder lets to the farmer, eking with the heal tee
power of cheating the Person 1 thc is, he •knows
thee the farmer, to atoll/ for the farm, takes into
account hie ability to .bring the Parson torero',
The farmer etimetimes finds himself out ire hie eel-
culatiou by a new ineuMbeut, who is Inure than a
metal for him. He, however, calculettel o his
ability to cheat the tisrsone stet naturally considers
the Parion'e &MIMI AS the cause of- hi* ruin.
Agit7n,Alic Poore Itetts enable tit* farmer* not
merely to throw the meitueuence of their labourers
on village leadesmets awl other residents. Mit else
„Age tfieni a likaut* a Melting the tithe-hdder.
Think evaly puiseit is a little hell opett teats, mode
°,itbstin- '''iorti"it'tisi°ligittt;sy'll".°P4glia:4l:rtk,e(l:l:::biliftewlyitAlt4l:::tr:4l°lt:t4e,l4:llVM4WP:l4teerileke:blicta.UehlifuCiti:l'llk::llll:ll:':)lllCl°)filgrt4lo(.:t"ll49ll:lll:::l:lW:°l44intitk::(:Yl;tillirt,ll:::::l:l4leo;l'l:llt):4Bll ill ti°,l' ):11*:juilare;tes:Iskli.
'spectacle
rtlryore do:494upreeelisdiotkok
ttav4itutehsei,....otleatp:::,t: evAndr.oyna„. tit,thoen.
ite.psiait to no for Refetressl4 400.40,4 A iSt:.. .44..
and the Borough of
.$014.04,4,. *01te.,,:tHiii,..,,:,
tented nut-Dennis, signatures, 44.4alasitilt ' 111''
town, eyeee parish, etilk, theeksre-eaig . .414,-lit 4614 t.
ntteitArk
r time itt the cause of Reforin.:-tisteSC.'..seeattege liitt
.., , .
. . ..,
ie•,,
—•- • , _

•be tlfeif eat advantage' lit:. reatilo rispeets. It atm not
be too often repeated
.that the instrument by which
the reform is to be iffected, is the Parliament
Ministers can only carry
to
a Reform as Podia-
Mint 'may be eon Cede. The greutev,
therefore, the impression made on Parliament, the
greater the ability of Ministers to meet the wishes
of the nation. Distressing as are 'the scenes which
are now witnessed throughout the agricultural
dis-
tricts, it cannot be denied that they have added to
the number otreformers, and mitigated the hostility
of the opponents of Reforme A conviction has
gained ground with many mireonst who used to be
staunch Church and King men—that is, enemies to
Reform and Retrenchment of all kinds—that abuses
have been carried so far as to endanger the safety of
the Government, and that Reform alone cau save us
from revolution. We heard an old Pittite say he hoped
the present Ministers would .be Ode to remain in.
power; for he was convinced that were they to goons,
the consequence would infallibly be a revolution. lint
while these circumstances, in one tense, favour
Ministers (for a Ministry formed on a principle of
opposition to reform would unquestionably be a
dangerous experiment), it cannot be denied that the
difficulties with which they have to struggle in
attempting reform, from the composition of the
House of Commons, are most fermidahle. We
have heard that these difficulties are so serious it has
been in agitation to dissolve Parliament. At present
the Government is without its fair strength. The
Treasury Boroughs will to a-man oppose Ministers,
and the places of the present z Scotch Members
would be well supplied by other,Memberemore de-
voted to the admmistiation, to sisy nothing of the
accession of strength. from popular places. The
people, now that they have a, Ministry ready to
grapple with Reform, ought to be true to themselves.
Lett them now come fore and in. force. Never was
the time so favourable. Let the .demonstration be
such as to strike terror into the enemies of Reform.
.111erning Chronide. •
We understand that the Duke of Wellington,
notwithstanding his extravagant testimony to the
merits of the English Parliament as at present cone
saluted, and his declaration of uncompromising hos-
tility to Retort* actually entertained a project of
Parliamentary Reform, which he'communicated
to
the great borouglimotigere, to whom he looked'for
support. Finding them determined against Reform
in any shape, and that if he attempted it they would
withdraw from him their support, he had then to
choose bettveen Reform with the support of the
Whigs and Radicals, and hostility to Reform with
the.support of the party hostile to Reform. Ex-
pedisney being his princtple, he chose the latter al-
ternative, conceiving that , the
,violence of his de-
rnenstrations against Reform would gain for him "
the hearts of the Ultra Tories. Reform or no
Reform were indifferent to him; his object was a '
majority, Rio matter how obtained. We all know
the result. If he could have anticipated such a
result, he would no doubt haye guarded against, it
•
by a plan of Reform.--Meriting Chronie/e.
Loll King made an excellent speech feet night, 1
on presenting a Reform Petition from the Corpo-
ration of London. •
" The declaration made by his Noble Friend at the
headof the .Government die other evening was," he :
said,'" satisfactory to him, and he trusted it would he
estissfactmy to all reasonable men. It was a declaration
shat. a OM of Reform would be submitted by the
Government which should give satisfaction to the 1
enmity, iool rel.nire the confidence of the people in the
Cannttionit' lliiaisq of Parliament. , This, he &night, was
ter rinicit;aa could he expected in a deeleration of general
prieelplet ; Sod be no doubt his ?tidal! Friend would
Sidle* it tip in the root proper and ativentageoue manner. ,
It,was lissom jumoliat there were defects and blots in the
louse a,( Com tunas, .The, -defects were thetre
Erect lowlts whicb. had sprung up within the last two
""t"ri"-.4e iodred say, the list century-s-Were
hot lepsehcnied. Elie tdOta were what use called the No.,
tonistuat florsioglia up whit,; it ;ryas well known * scanda
lous ttufne ictia 'lnward ele Vette fair Patronage,—
Those wiaom Grattan bed
,well &set Nal les the Pro-
pr titers f Patlienuirif,ltittl ton 'hang enjoyed's rooftop* of
itatrOnefte ; antfhiconsidereil that onplan could be of ow
white these Notelatition Boroughs were not re.modelletl, iris
much Lad theybrien applied to the detriment of the country;
fur it is by the influenceof these Propristors of Parliament
that the country her se long had the most expositive, the
meet extravagant, mot tJet meet profinie Government in
the world. As to the other object ptbis Noble„Friend, he
did not believe that a cheap Government FOlO lre,secured
liit4OUt $ RefOrtil io Parliatmast."
We hitve no doubt that the RefOrM will be at
least its extesisive us has been stated by his Lords
Ship. This we I<nnw, that if Parliament is to afford
I:tiotttetiott to, property, tne post/ odors of property
might' to Lave, through thud COmMons' House, a •
etintroul' over ;lie tutiiimil expenditure. If the re-
form give the pre;tonderattce to the people, the ear
Burt will be e ()omitted , abut if the rioininotien bo- •
roughs ehould he !rift, the intekeste hostile to the
Ise ople would contrive to render the reform nuga-
tory. Yea do not city that any thing in the, way, ,of
reform is not an tolvistitege ; for as its antelioratien •
east only be effected through Parliament itself, what-
ever improvee Perliameat, though the degree be
'ever tin insignificant, pro tonic an advantage.
13t1t the demand 'for Reform would still be as loud
az over; and is, besides,- this danger--that
events may force on the consideration of the ques-
tion at a time when it cannot •be entered on with
advantage. The 'country looks with confidence to
the Hew Ministry that theßeform will be efficacious.
And it'is for the people' themselves to do their pert,
by throwing their vaight;- et this trying commie.
lure, into the scale of Ministers. They require solo
port, for they have much to contend agaiost.—e,
Morning Chronicle,
The French Papers of 'Tuesday, which we re-
etived'yesterday, contain king &tells of the proceed-
nig.* before the Chamber or Peers reolinet Count de
Kergorley, for writing, and sigairtet the editors of the.
Quoliditene and_ Gateifr de France for pubththing,,
a letter,addreesed to the Proideot 9( the Chamber.
of whiCh the Count was a member, declining to
titke the oath to the, new King, and coniequenay
abdicating his rights ss a Peer of France. We pub-
fished this letter on the gal of October, with the
remark, that if such doctrines as the exePeer avowed
#ere geneeally held by the party to which be be-
longs, r to eafety of the new Goveretnent must de-
pend more ppeo their weakness's then their acquiee
eisoce. Though sent to the President, tide WWII.
*story production was not rend to the Chamber,
and might for aver have passed unnoticed had it not
been inserted in the jourtials, .. it then because on
offence ; and after being denotteseed to one of the
tribusink, which declined to act, hat been brought
before the Peers, sitting es te court of justice. The
trial, from the high rank of the party, from the der-
lug lenguage of the libel,. and from the novelty of
the taboos!, has excited whet iv called by ceir neigh.
beim a " SCIIS101011." It is One great evidence of
die pereonal security enjoyed ia Mane* by the elm-
quipited party, that they eon, without any persoted
risk, except (mei legit! process!, not only deny the
legitimacy of the proem Government, taut hietilt
both the reason .east the prejudices of the notion.
'The revolutionisteof a farmer epm it would not have
permitted such freedoms with their oast week. M.
de Kergorluy not only -queetioni the right of the
people to mote a charter, anti to eket a King, or,
the right of the King to reig!t, but forMalltreeerves
his. allegiance to another sovereign then the present
occupant of the throne, Lind expresses the hope Of
oteeing this exiled image of royalty expel ustupe.r.
!leery'., the ynung, Duke 'Bordeaux, will live,
tar: hopes, " far the happiness of France," and
" will miss day be restored, The legitimse, of the •
duce ef Chitties X., and the inviolability of that
• oyeirign, eppear so clear its his egos, Litt those I
who Is taken the tititk to the ertwit King are
considered by him as traitors. The throne ;at Pro-
Seet, probably, incurs little danger from the propagap
tinn of such &tunics; but the feebleness of their
supporters is nu jriatifleation of their Unlawful and
seditious violence. The public proseetitor, there-
, fort.„..preitorierl to the Court •to 'ions:sett the ex, Peer
eo t tyro yeUrti' jrripri.onttirnt nod a Sine of 4404 The
Peers wYtll •ptebably hersitewsevere upon their
01d ,voliougue, ~especially its menrof the lettere de-