The Sun.
London, England, 1863-10-20 00:00:00

almost come to an end, owing to the Inland Revenue
tax, which was put upon it on the Ist of October of
last year. The exportation of alcohol, which had
reached 59,071 barrels in 1858, has sunk to 15,973
in the present year; and whisky, which was im-
ported at the rate of 531,873 barrels, and exported
to the extent of 361,889 barrels in 1857, has fallen
to 160,858 barrels impert and 162,007 export in
1863. A great depression, it seems, is also notice-
able in the manufacture of steam engines of every
description—a branch of industry for which Cin-
cinnati had risen to high fame, and by which she
attained considerable wealth, especially by furnish-
ing the locomotive power for the river steamers
plying on the Mississippi and tributarystre
thamse.
The scarcity of labour has, however, sharpened
et
innate ingenuity of this 'people, who hvoar have
y of turned
their steam engines to almost every
com-
mon mechanical labour, so that in Cincinnati alone
there is said to be no less than 1,500 steam engines,
large and small, at work. The manufacture of fur-
niture is, on the contrary, in more flourishing con-
dition than ever, in spite of the closing of the
Southern markets, which were chiefly supplied from
this place. Cincinnati chairs, carpets, and other
household furniture have found their way to the far
West, which had previously bought at the eastern
cities, and this, with a demand for "fashionable "
furniture front the thousands who were put in sud-
den possession of wealth by the war, created a brisk
and active market, so that the business is again as
profitable as it was before the secession. " The
demand for jewelry and dress has exceeded any-
thing before thought of," we are informed ; " large
amounts of money have been placed in possession of
masses of people before unaccustomed to it, who, in
common with uneducated men in all ages, imagine
that to adorn themselves or their houses with rich,
costly, and gaudy trappings places them among the
great and noble of the race."
The civil war, in short, has been for Ohio, no
less than for the whole west and east of these
Federal States, the lance of Achilles, healing by its
touch the Wounds it inflioted. To root out of the
dull minds of the ignorant classes the notion that
all this prosperity is hollow, ephemeral, and
artificial, that the crash, however long delayed, is
sure to come, will be the work of long time and sor-
rowful experience. Even those who see matters
clearly and have gloomy forebodings of the future
shrug their shoulders, and console themselves with
the thought that " Americans are wont to live by
the day and to take no heed of the future; " that the
resources of the country are inexhaustible, and that
so long as a community has the produce of a rich soil
to fall back upon, ruin can never either be universal
or irreparable, but after a few years' stagnation and
distress trade and industry are sure to make new
outlets for themselves, and business to resume its
course with redoubled energy.
":Long live the war I" is meanwhile the cry of
the many thousands who have been enriched by the
war, and most of the Republicans I have occasion to
consult have no hesitation in assuring me that the
defeat of Vallandigham is not only certain, but that
there will be a majority of at least 25,000 out of
about 2C0,000 voters who are likely to he polled on
the Monday after next.
I find, indeed, even among the most firm and
earnest Republicans, sober, thinking men, wholook
with dismay and misgiving on this reckless prose-
cution of the war, and think that if not actual ruin,
at least a serious cheek to the prosperity of the
country must be its necessary, however remote, con-
sequence. But upon a fall admission of all their
doubts and fears, they always come back to the con-
elusion that they must have the Union at any price,
that " they must go through the work,,' that, no
matter after how long a time, no matter at how
great an expenditure of blood and gold, " the work
must be gone through.

The Germans here are numbered among the most
uncompromising Republicans. Not all of them,
truly, because the old settlers, and many of the
Catholics, evince Southern predilections, notwith-
standing the influence of their Bishop, Rosencranz,
brother to the General, who is an exception to the
general rule of the Catholic clergy, and is a fiery
Abolitionist. But the Radical Germans are the
so-called " Forty-eighters," mea who flocked in
upon these Western districts after the German dis-
turbances of the year 1848, and who are the object
of the general dislike of the Americans, by whom
they are called Red Republicans and infidels. How
ever red their republicanism may be, these German
revolutionists have certainly repudiated their corn-•
munistic doctrines,which were rife among them when
in their own country. Many of them, chiefly German
Jews, have made immense fortunes in the clothing
department. A vast mass of the Germans, how-
ever, are doomed to hard work and poverty, and
most of these crowd together in a suburb beyond the
Miami canal, to which they have given the appella-
tion " Über den Rhein." D welling side by side with
the Irish, who hate and are hated by them, the Ger-
mans of this lower class are a quiet, thrifty, and or-
derly set, addicted to beer and smoke, fond of flowers,
music, and the drama, and rejoicing in such a won-
drously numerous progeny that a walk through their
quarter of a Sunday afternoon puts one in mind of
" limbo" as it ought to be agreeably to the notions
of the Roman Catholic Church. It is chiefly out of
this prolific race that the regiments of Ohio have
been recruited, and it is difficult to say how far
heavy bounties may not continue to draw "food for
powder" out of that great German hive. Their
well-to-do countrymen show an exceedingly great
zeal in the cause of negro emancipation, and go to it
with the ardour of men of one idea. The leaders
of the Republican party, who, like all Americans,
as I said, have no high opinion of the German brains,
set, however, great store by German votes, and
make much of their Teutonic fellow-citizens. It is
astonishing to see, however, with all the wealth that
some of the Germans have accumulated, how seldom
it is that any of them attain either social standing
or political influence. It is hardly possible to fall
in with German names either among the members
of Congress or of the State authorities, except in
a subordinate capacity. Neither do such names
shine conspicuous among the commanding officers
in the army those of Schenck, Rosen-
cranz, and others scarcely forming exceptions,
as these Generals are native Americans, and forget,
or even flatly deny, their German extraction.
Heavily as the burdens of the war fall upon them,
and little as is their share in its profits, the Ger-
mans, especially of the non-combative class, are all
mad for the war, and will vote in a body against the
Vallandigham ticket.

No news from the Army of the Cumberland! No
news •
15 considered good news for the Federals, as, if
Braßo. -D was unable to follow up his first advantage
after the battles of
eraln across Chicamauga, and to drive Rosen-
the Tee
reinforcements, ts
when, he !lessee river before he received
will hardly be able to achieve his
purpose
sent to swell the
Federal
least 25,000 men have been
very
ranks. On the other hand,
Rosencranziseems v
sufficient pluck to act as yet from mustering up
likely that the two armil.the offensive, and it is very
will
time in their present inactive continue for some
position. Some of our
strategic
politicians here attribute des
plans to the
Cabinet at Washington •
nlis til ICI that
att a
, they t • .
monstration will be made ago,a
with
di
tei;
a view to draw to that Chattanooga, oggr ae
spot the best divisions
Lee's army, so as suddenly to gather of
Federal force in Virginia and mmakea sufficient
on Lee and Richmond. a definite onset
Melancholy news incessantly come t
Missouri. The exodus of the inoffensiv: ut,ll,,of,,rolin
tion of the western provinces bordering "''-''
Kansas
continues daily, and such property as the fugitives
have left behind them becomes the easy prey of the
various bands of robbers overrunning the country,
either as Southern " bushwhackers" or Northern
"jayhawkers." General Ewing, the man who by his
order of the day compelled those Western Missou-
rians to migrate en masse, has been removed from
his command, and Kansas is to be erected into
a new military department apart from that of
the Missouri. The deputation of 100 ranting
Radicals, who have been at Washington solicit-
ing the recall of General Schofield's, are not likely
to attain the object of their mission, and on their
return they are likely enough to add fuel to the
fiery passions which already set the hearts of their
partisans in a blaze. The incendiaries who burnt
four steamers off
the St. Louis pier a fortnight ago,
and who are supposed to act in the Confederat