The Sun.
London, England, 1863-10-05 00:00:00

THE NEW FRENCH PAMPHLET.

The pamphlet, entitled " L'Empereur Napoleon
et l'Empereur Alexandre," has just been published
by M. Dentu. It is, as might be guessed from its
title, on the Polish question ; it is anonymous, and
otherwise, in form, paper, and type, resembles the
famous pamphlets which preceded the war with
Austria. The author, who applies himself to refute
the arguments of Prince Gortschakcff, commences in
these words:—
" When in private life one has in vain taken all pains to
prevent a dissension and a rupture, he is painfully effaced
by his failure. How much more is the politician sad-
dened by the inutility of his efforts after having done all
he could to prevent a crisis which the fate of many States
depends. Peace is so necessary to the world, to moral pro-
gress as well as to the development of material interests,
that those who direct the destinies of nations cannot be too
solicitous in removing everything capable of endangering so
great a blessing. It is worthy of note, and it is consoling
for humanity, that in our day the Governments the least
prompt to have recourse to arms to resolve questions of
justice are precisely those that are the most civilised and
the most powerful. They love to persuade themselves that
reason alone suffices for their solution, and that it is only at
the last extremity, and after exhausting all means of con-
ciliation, that they consent to draw the sword. Thus is ex-
plained the excessive moderation of the notes of the Powers
who, in view of the consequences which the Polish insurrec-
tion may produce, have considered it their duty to submit
certain representations to the Court of Russia. This lon-
ganimity has at least shown the value attached by them to
the maintenance of peace, and the system of Russia is com-
pletely exposed. To the reiterated but courteous prayer for
concessions the most moderate, Russia retarned a dry,
haughty, and ironical answer. She seemed to say,
.1 took part in the discussion merely to gain time.
The winter is coming on. I am protected by my snow.
For many months you can do nothing to me. I have no
further need to dissemble. I break off all negotiation, and I
will not suffer my right to torture the Poles to be called in
question. The responsibility of war would then fall on
Russia. The repeated outrages of that Court being addressed
to the other Powers as well as to France, these must be
equally affected by them ; and there is no reason to appre-
hend that we shall be left alone to defend a just cause. The
Emperor Napoleon I. never liked to disclose his plans be-
forehand, partly in order to keep up the prestige of the
unknown, and partly not to aggravate the susceptibilities or
the of those whom he was desirous of drawing over
to his side or of mastering. If during the 20 years of power
as General, Consul, and Emperor, so many projects passed
through his mind, it may be said that there was one on
which he never changed, although he did not carry it out
—that of the re-establishment of Poland in her complete
independence. The thought of this occurred at the same
time as that which he called the first spark of his great am-
bition, when his soul, soaring beyond Italy, sought for new
fields of action in Europe, and for new labours for the liberty
of peoples, the glory of France, and his own. To redress
the wrongs which the old monarchy had allowed to be com-
mitted, and which the Revolution had promised to avenge,
seemed to him to be his destiny. When I have finished
this war of Italy,' he used to say to his aide-de-camp and
friend Salkowski, I shall proceed in person at the head of
the French to liberate your country. France must not
leave unpunished the treason against a nation,' "
The pamphlet concludes thus :

" In the present state of things the Ambassadors have no-
thing
further to do at St. Petersburg. The discussion has
been closed by Russia, and it would be difficult to imagine
that the representatives of the Great Powers can remain
spectators of acts so deserving of blame without any hope
of modifying them. It is not merely the representatives of
the three Courts that are more especially engaged by their
proceedings that ought to withdraw; all the States will no
doubt consider themselves bound in honour to imitate their
example. In absolute abandonment Russia would, it is to
be hoped, be less obstinate in braving the universal opinion
of Europe. In this unanimity there would be a mute re-
proach, a great lesson—the last means perhaps of avoiding
war by an efficacious and salutary pressure. Need we re-
peat those words in which the war with Russia was an-
nounced in 1854 It may be seen by these despatches
that the Emperor has constantly urged on war. He has
been deaf to the observations of his allies, to the instances
of his friends. His haughty selfishness refuses to notice any
authority but his own, and he wants that his empire shall
be as boundless as his ambition. It is, then, the Czar; it is
he alone who, after having violated treaties, troubled vio-
lently and without avowable motives the peace of the world,
interrupts trade, and seriously injures the fortune of the
public and of individuals. Europe would deserve the eter-
nal contempt of history if she put up with pretensions
which are to-day an insult, and would be to-morrow ruin.
France has already made known that she will not suffer
them; French soldiers, the worthy sons of their glorious
fathers, will have promptly and solidly re-established peace,
which is so necessary to industry and to the well-being of
families and of nations.' In any case, France can never
permit that so many notes, negotiations, and proposals shall
end in a diplomatic retreat from Russia."

An Exciting Railway Adventure in
Switzerland.

The following communication from a Swiss tra-
veller is published in Galignani:—
Western "The
ssubjoined i l
wn aa ryr amt i
avye
toe f 0
fa ni n
tadventure
o muep oonf tmhye,
fellow-countrymen "homeward bound" from Switzerland
at the present time, and may be of use as a caution to them
to avoid travelling by this route after heavy rains. I took
tickets for my wife and myself from Lausanne to Dijon by
the 12.40 p.m. train on Friday, the 95th inst.; there had
been some heavy rain during the previous eighteen hours.
Soon after passing Renens Station we found the valley
through which the railroad passes under water for a consi-
derable extent of country on both sides of us. The line is
carried on rather a low embankment,
and in many places
the water was level with the line, while in others it was
rushing over the rails. In one place it became necessary.
to detach the engine and send it forward as a pilot to ascer-
tain whether the roads were practicable. We proceeded
slowly and cautiously as far as Chavornay, about 18 miles
from Lausanne, and six miles from Yverdun, where we were
stopped by signal in consequence of the flood being several
feet deep upon the line, and the road having given way' It
was now three o'clock and raining heavily, and the floods
increasing, The guard and engine-driver declared that it
was impossible to return to Lausanne, as the floods would
to too deep; neither could we proceed to Yverdun. The
waters appeared to extend for about two miles on one
side of us across the valley, and we had a narrow but
deep and rapid flood on the other side. We were thus en-
tirely surrounded by water, and with every prospect of being
kept in this position for some days, as the stationmaster in-
formed us he had known the floods in this spot last a week,
Fortunately, the ground
on which we had stopped was
rather higher than the other portions of the line. The first
thing to be done was to inquire for provisions; there was
happily a small inn near the station, but bread and wine
were the only articles of food to be obtained. The rain ceased
about 7 o'clock, and at nine the flood began to subside. On
walking back about a quarter of a mile along the line we had
traversed in the train, we found the embankment had been
carried away for some yards, and the rails, with their
sleepers attached to them, were suspended across the chasm,
supported by their own strength, w bile the flood roared
through the opening like a rushing river. This scene filled
us with thankfulness, as in all human probability we must
have perished had the embankment given way
a few hours
earlier, since the chasm would have been concealed by the
waters which covered the road. We spent the night in the
carriages, there being no room for us in the little inn. At
six the following morning the water had subsided suffi-
ciently to enable us to reach the shore on the east side of the
valley, and we succeeded in procuring a country cart to
convey ourselves and one other English gentleman (with-
out any of our luggage) to Yverdun in time for a train just
starting for Dijon. The carriage road from Chavornay to
Yverdun is carried along
the side of the valley, upon a
of the
higher level than the railway, but it also bore proofs
fury of the storm, as large trees, rocks, stones, and other
debris were strewed over the road and fields, Our
fellow-
with the train to risking any
passengers preferred staying
further accidents by the carriage road, and how long they
were detained in their dangerous situation I am unable to
say, but as my luggage has only reached me this morning,
I conclude that both they and the luggage were only for-
warded from Chavornay on Monday, the 28th. The rail-
way officials, who seemed quite
ready to resign themselves
as helpless and inactive norspects until the tr.ain
the.could
proceed, strongly dissuaded h 11172 nv be
tuarbuileg t ion c
Co:tritry cart, assuring us '°w 6
. rt which we all received from
the great kindness and attes.i,te-- wife
at
Chavornay, who did
the station master and his .
. ?
of
relieve the discomfort our
everything isi their power to
tiuue eat in the tram:. lomust not omit to mention
DOSiti on.' '
__s_,..----.............-......

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