The Sun.
London, England, 1839-12-04 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDN SDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1839.

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LAW of MORTALITY in the INDIAN
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By W. S. B. WOOLHOUSE, F.R. A.S. &c.
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THE MEDICAL MISCELLANY,
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STRIVE AND THRIVE ; or, Heaven helps
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Just published,
THE DUBLIN REVIEW. No. XIV.
Price 6.

CONTENTS:-
1. Honinghaus and Protestant 6. Library of the Fathers—St.
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2. Medical Notices. 7. Statistics of Population.
3. Faith and Literature of the S. Poems by G. C. Fox.
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Sir THOMAS MORE: HIS LIFE AND TIMES,
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CHANGE OF AIR—INDIGESTION—HEALTH.
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DEAFNESS successfully TREATED.
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SCRAPS FROM " THE STATES."

A TWO-HEADED SNAER.—The following very extra-
ordinary
statement we find in the " Leavensworth, la.,
Arena :"—" A very singular looking snake was killed
on the farm of Mr. James Van Winkle. It was about
two feet long, uncommonly large in proportion, with a
perfect head on each end of the body. It could crawl
both ways, but it did not appear to curl, twist, and
straighten, as much as snakes are accustomed to do,
because its double head afforded an extra advantage
over all other snakes—if it wishes to go a different di-
rection it need not turn round, it only had to crawl with
the other head forward. We believe this is the only
snake of the kind ever known in America."
THE BIGGEST PUSIPILIN YET.—The down east"
folks have been exulting this season, and taking great
pride to themselves for having raised the most enormous
squashes and pumpkins. Our neighbouring state (New
Jersey), however, takes the feather from their caps in
raising pumpkins. Mr. Samuel Rainer, of Mansfield
township, Burlington county, has raised one this season
weighing 2341b5. good weight, and measuring nine feet
seven inches in circumference. On the same vine there
are six others remaining, the smallest of which weighs
over 1001hs. This monster, "we guess," is the biggest
" notion" the " down casters" ever heard of. It even
exceeds the notion of the Boston Times by half an acre.
—Phil. Ledger.
A BIG STORY, BUT A TRUE 'UN.—Mr. J. Warren
Wells, of this town, has raised, the past season, upon
one vine, the product of one seed, four squashes, the
largest of which weighs 90 pounds, and measures four
feet two inches in circumference ; the second weighs
851b5., and measures four feet five inches ; the third
weighs 54165., and measures three feet eight and a half
inches; and the fourth weighs 381b5., and measures three
feet. Weight of the four, 2601b5. ; their circumference
15 feet 3} inches ; in length they measure 19 feet 8
inches. The seed was taken from a squash exhibited at
the cattle show and fair at Northampton, last fall. Mr.
Wells is a young farmer, and if he succeeds in every
thing as well as his squashes, he will never want in the
good things of this warld.—Greenfield (Mass). Courier.
AN EDITOR ROBBED.—John N. Humes, Esq.,
Editor of the People's Friend, Abingdon (Va.) was
robbed of no less a sum than 2,000 dollars at the City
Hall, New York, on the 27th ult. " The people" seemed
to have treated their " Friend" rather scurvily.
LARGE RATS.—In Tennessee they have rats so large
that they think nothing of seizing children by the legs
and dragging them into their holes.
A NEW STATE or MIND.—The following toast given
at a dinner down east, must have been the effect ofstriped
:—" Our country is a dwelling—the East is the
kitchen—the middle States the drawing room—the
West the dining room—the South the parlour—Florida
is a detached slaughter house, and Texas aint nothing
at all !"

-- -
CHEERING INTELLIGENCE.—" Think there's any
danger, mister meanageeryman, from that Boy Con-
tractor ?"—" Oh, no," said the man, " the sarpent don't
bite, he swallows his wittals whole."
SHAKING THEM OFF.—The worst bills that we hear
of are those of the Maumee (Ohio) Insurance Com-
pany, which are so bad that an individual at Cleveland
proposes that if the physicians at Maumee will receive
them for curing the fever and ague, he will make a trip
up that way, and take a few shakes in order to get rid of
the notes.

GOOD ADVICE.—" A little more strength in your
tea and not so much in your butter," as the lady
boarder
said to her landlady.
IMPORTANT TO HABERDASHERS.--It is easier to
make a shift than a shirt.

MAGAZINES-CONTINUED.

THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF AGRI-

CULTURE.

About ten years ago a Society was formed in Scot-
land for improving the condition of the working
classes, which we are happy to find, from a Report
published in this Number, has had the best re-
sults. Their object is to encourage useful educa-
tion, both mental and manual, among the chil-
dren of the lower classes, to improve their
habitations, and hold out encouragement to
industry, sobriety, and cleanly habits—objects
of the first importance, and which the vast change
produced in Scotland within three quarters of a
century, proves what may be accomplished. Much
has been done by agricultural societies in Scot-
land, and the English are now laudably following
the example. They would do well to follow the
example of the Glenkens Society also. It is almost
an universal complaint that the backwardness of
agriculture in many parts of England arises not so
much from the apathy of the landlord or the tenant
as from the ignorance of the peasant, and that great
bar to all improvement, a disposition " not given
to change." Were they to begin with reforming
the tools, they would find the remainder a compa-
ratively easy task. The Scotch peasants were
,at
no very early period as awkward and indolent, and
as averse to improvement in agriculture as any
people on the face of the earth. As farm-labourers
they are now unequalled, and for this they are
in a great measure indebted to the education
instilled into them by these useful Societies. Up to
the middle of last century, farm-servants, even in the
crack farming county of East Lothian, were " poorly
paid and scantily fed, and, with the feeble cattle
and ineffectual implements of husbandry, were ill
fitted in any portion of time to perform a reasonable
portio►, of labour." The cow, owing to poverty,
was often scarcely worth milking ; potatoes were
hardly known ; and in every hamlet and village, in
the spring, the ague made its appearance in almost
every family. Panniers were the only means of
carriage in all parts of the country. Even in the
memory of one of the Wigtonshire reporters, manure
carried in creels in that county, and " the people
sometimes carried the creels on their own backs."
" Fifty years ago, one-half of the road between
Dirleton and North Berwick was repaired every
spring by the very primitive method of ploughing,
rolling, and harrowing." In Fife, "70 years have
not elapsed since the best farmers had but a thin
partition between their bed-roo:ns and bestial."
And, ir: the southern part of Dumfriesshire, at the
date of the former statistical report, " most of the
farm-houses were built with low mud walls, covered
with straw, which had scarcely a frame of glass in
their windows." 'What is the case now ? Since

1791 the wages of agricultural labour has under-
gone a rise from 50 to 100 per cent ; the whole of
the industrious classes are receiving much greater
wages than their predecessors in 1791 ; the land
rentals have in many cases tripled and quadrupled ;
the population has increased nearly one million ;
and Scotland, in the words of the Report, " stands
at this moment without a single parallel in Europe."
By these arts, agriculture and commerce are alike
promoted, and to these, as the Marquis of Tweedale
justly said, the landed interest should look, and not
to the desperate expedient of Corn-laws. There
are several other useful articles in the Number,
which our agricultural readers might consult with
advantage.

THE CHRISTIAN REFORMER.
Smagfield and Son, Newgate street.
" Beddgelert and its neighbourhood," the arti-
cle with which the Number before us commences,
is an interesting description of a very romantic dis-
trict in Wales, in which both the lover of the pic-
turesque and the antiquary will find gratification for
their tastes. In the " Lines occasioned by the
receipt of a munificent gift from an unknown Ame-
rican friend," there is a good deal of true poetic
feeling expressed in correct and pleasing versifica-
tiun. The Author has been more fortunate than
his tuneful brethren generally are. For many years
he has furnished " The Christian Refoimer" with
a monthly contribution in the shape of a copy of
verses on some subject of a moral and serious kind.
These verses have, it seems, made so favourable an
imrression on an American reader, that a " muni
ficent gift" has been the result. We quote the fol-
lowing lines as a specimen of this grateful effusion
" Does this sound like presumption ? 'Tis not meant
Or felt presumptuously. I slid but mean
To say that by-past times seem to myself
Dark scrolls writ o'er with glory ; for that still,
When human aids were farthest, bureau hopes
Least hopeful, and the visioned future press'd
Hard on the prophet-present—evermore,
Light sprang for me from darkness, and young joy
Murmur'd from de,olotion, like the stream
From the cleft rock in Sinai's waste forlorn.
Often I think, with dear astonishment,
On providences past—nor least of such
I deem this Voice o'er the broad waters sent
To glad my home, to smooth my children's way,
And, it may be, to pass a breeze of youth
O'er heart and harp, the poet and the song."
" The Present State of Psalmody in England"
deserves the attention of all who regard music as a
useful accessory to public worship. " Ecclesiasti-
cal Forgeries, No. VIII.," treats of the career of
Scripture, and discusses the authenticity of the cele-
brated passage in Josephus supposed to relate to
Jesus Christ. This paper displays no inconsider-
able degree of learning and research. Our limits
do not allow us to notice any of the other articles,
of which, however, we may remark that they will
well repay perusal.

THE CATHOLIC MAGAZINE.
Simphin and Marshall.
Periodicals addressing themselves to particular
religious sects are not, properly speaking, fit objects
of newspaper criticism, so long as they confine their
remarks to religious subjects. We have nothing
to do with the religion of our neighbours
if they be honest, and temperate, and unob-
trusive in the expression of their religious
convictions. We therefore pass over a multi-
plicity of articles upon doctrinal points in the Ca-
tholic Magazine, and content ourselves with quoting
the following very sensible remarks upon the recent
Catholic appointments in the State, which have raised
such a clamour among the anti-Papist bigots
THE RECENT CATHOLIC APPOINTMENTS.
For the last three months the anti-Catholic press
has teemed with the most dreadful anticipations—the
face of ultra-Protestantism has been overcast with a
pale and deadly hue, and, in the opinion of the Duke
of Newcastle, and Lord Winchelsea, that par nobile
fratrum, the sun of Protestantism is about to set for
ever ! And why ? Because Richard Lalor Shiel, ex-
Commissioner of Greenwich Hospital, has been ap-
pointed Vice-President of the Board of Trade, and a
Privy-Councillor ; Thomas Wyse, the indefatigable
promoter of public education, a Lord of the Treasury ;
and Richard More O'Ferral, formerly', a Lord of the
Treasury, Secretary to the Admiralty ! ! Really, doings
like these are quite intolerable in this Protestant land.
What! to appoint three Papists to offices of trust,
under our Most Gracious Queen, and such Papists.
Here we have Mr. Stile], who has rendered himself
quite unworthy of office from the share which he took
in obtaining Catholic emancipation, and from the inte-
rest which he still takes in the land of his birth
there is Mr. Wyse, a repealer too (by the way, Mr.
Wyse never was a repealer, and even lost his seat, oa
one occasion, for refusing to take the Ropeal pledge) ;
a man, who has done everything in his power to pro-
mote the education of the people ; and lastly, we have
Mr. OTerral—the big 0 in whose name at once de-
notes his Milesiao origin, and identifies him with all the
sayings and doings of the Great Agitator, Daniel
O'Connell.
Such is the sum and substance of the tirades which
have appeared in the columns of the Times, Morning He_
rald, ilfornaig Post, et id genus mane, for the last three
months, and such is the theme, which, for the same
period, has furnished food for many a frantic harangue
at Conservative dinners. As long as Catholic eman-
cipation remained a dead letter all was very well,_
but no sooner is a Catholic promoted to a subordi-
nate situation in the State, than a mighty shout is
raised, to frighten all true Protestants from their pro-
priety, as if the very existence of Protestantism, said.
by its supporters, to be founded on the Bible, was in
danger ! Really, if such absurdities are persevered in,
we shall, instead of being as we are told, the envy of sur-
rounding nations, and the admiratiNl of the world, be-
come the laughing stock of eve,i,y- civilized nation. The
pretence set up by t
dines, that it does not object to
the appointiAlevtis in question, on religious grounds—
that is not because Messrs. Shed, Wyse, and O'Ferral,
are Catholics, but because theyare political partisans—agi-
tators—that they sbould 1:),e excluded from office, is too

PRICE sd.

gross to deceive any one. Would the writers in the
Times exclude Protestant statesmen from office on such
a ground ? We think not ; and we can tell the Times,
that there would be strong and cogent reasons for keep-
ing such men as Lord Roden and Messrs. Jackson,
Shaw, and Percival, out of office, which do not exist in
the case of Mr. Sheil, for the charge does not apply to
the two other gentlemen, who we think have been too
abstinent, of late years, in the stirring politics of the
times. Mr. Sheil only echoes the voice of a nation, still
struggling against the injustice of a domineering faction ;
and the appointment of such a man to office, holds out
a promise to the people that every just grievance of
which they complain, will be redressed—at least,
that the Government, with tvhichrehe is connected, will
do every thing in its power to do justice to Ireland.
But the calling of such men as the Lefroys, the Jack-
sons, and Shays to power, would be a recognition of the
faction which they represent, and would be an insult to
the overwhelming majority of the Irish nation.
From the representations made by the anti-Catholic
press, a stranger would imagine that not only many im-
portant offices of the State were held by Catholics, but
that numerous minor situations were monopolised by
them. But how stands the case ? Nearly eleven years
have elapsed since the Emancipation Act was passed,
and how many appointments of Catholics, to places of
honour, profit, or trust, have taken place ? Few indeed.
We were about to draw up some details on the
subject, but we have been saved this trouble by J. A.
Cooke, Esq. Barrister at Law, who, at a meeting of the
Branch of the Catholic Institute for Lincoln's-Inn-
Fields, held on 4th Nov. last, thus expressed himself :
He said that, for the last three months, the walls of
this metropolis had clearly shown that bigotry was still
alive and active—for those walls had been placarded in
all directions with inflammatory notices about what their
opponents were pleased to call The late Popish Ap-
pointments'.—(Hear.) This had taken place, though
emancipation had been carried for ten years, and though
her Majesty found her Catholic subjects as loyal and as
peaceable as any other portion of her people. To show
the absurdity of much that has been recently said about
Popish ascendancy in places of trust and emolument in
England, Mr. Cooke made the following statement --
The 6 Ministers' of the Crown are all Protestants ex-
cept the three minor appointments.
The Privy Council' consists of 217 members ; the
Protestants are 214, and the Catholics are 3, one of
whom (the Duke of Norfolk ) holds his office in virtue
of his hereditary right, as Earl Marshal of England.
The House of Peers' consists of 450 members,
about 438 of whom are Protestants, and 12 Catholics.
The Catholic proportion, consisting of about twelve, is
composed of Peers of ancient creations, or of those
whose titles under old creations have been restored.

In the House of Commons' there are 658 members ;
103 of whom are returned from Ireland, a Catholic
country, and yet of the entire 630 members, not more
than 50 are Catholics.

Amongst the 18 Judges' in the superior courts of
Law and Equity, there is not one Catholic.
The Law Offices' of the Crown, such as the At-
torney-Generalship, &c., are filled exclusively by Pro-
testants.

The number of ' Queen's Counsel' is GO, and there
is not one Catholic amongst them.
The Serjeants at Law,' 20 in number, are all Pro-
testants.

Amongst the 120 ‘Benchers' of the four Inns of
Court, there is not one Catholic.

The Masters in Channery,' to the number of 11,
including the Accomptant- General, are all Protestants
except (at last) one, who is a Catholic, A. H. Lynch,
Esq., M.P. for Galway.
Out of about lOU Colonial Judges and Law Officers,
Mr. Cooke said, he scarcely knew one Catholic.
The various appointments in the Public Boards, the
almost innumerable Commissioners, Registrars, and
other functionaries connected with the various depart-
ments of the State, and the Courts of Judicature, are,
I believe, said the Learned Gentleman, exclusively
filled by Protestants.
There are about 38 Police Magistrates' in the
Metropolis, and Mr. Cooke said he was not aware of a
single Catholic holding any of those appointments.
There are Coroners,' and Clerks of the Peace who
receive their appointments, mostly through the country
gentry, and I believe, said Mr. Cooke, that those offices
also, are exclusively filled by Protestants.
To the information communicated by Mr. Cooke, we
may add that we are not aware that a single appoint-
ment of a Catholic to office has taken place in Scotland.
But we do not complain of this. No Catholic can, or
ought to expect any appointment from the mere cir-
cumstance of his being a Catholic ; but on the other
hand, he should not be excluded on the ground of his
religion, if duly qualified to discharge the duties of any
office, to which, i❑ common with his Protestant fellow-
citizens, he aspires.