The Sun.
London, England, 1863-09-14 00:00:00

THEILNIONETER.

This morning
This day at Two o'clock 64

Barometer-30.29.
Wind—W.; moderate, and fine.

4r., A,
vjg „SUIT

LONDON, MONDAY, SEPT. 14, 1863.

In the midst of all the sanguinary horrors and
confusion of this most lamentable war in North
America, the one blessing which we have all felt so
mi„eht result from it, is already
hopeful, from the first,
apparent as a thing inevitable. It is not only
now before us all, as the spectators of the struggle,
as a matter of mere vague expectation. It is even
now partially assured—it is already in process of
realisation. The belligerents themselves have,
within this present year of grace, 1863, guaran-
teed it, so to speak, es a result that can now by no
possibility be evaded. They have, in their several
ways, rendered it an unavoidable consequence of
the fierce struggle in which they are engaged.
The one has done this, it may be said, negatively :
the other positively. Each has fully committed
himself to it. In neither instance, is there an open
left for withdrawal from the course upon which they
have both alike entered quite deliberately—the one
'with the best grace possible, the other with about
the worst. And that course, in each instance, so
dissimilar, so apparently trending in opposite direc-
tions, after that seeming divergence, end at the same
beneficent goal—Emancipation.
President LINCOLN at the commencement of the
present year, holding up the Banner of Emancipa-
tion as a. 'ehreat before the Confederates, issued a
proclamation virtually declaring the boon to be
penal in its character and in its consequence. In
the hands of that irritated ruler of the Federals—
worsted as all his plans had been then, from the very
outset of the war, by those bewildering Secessionists,
the rebels as their enemies call them, the Confede-
rates as they call themselves—in the weak but
spasmodic grasp of Mr. LINCOLN, that white and
blessed Banner of Emancipation, blackened by the
thunder of the fratricidal war in which it was
raised, and stained by the blood of the numerous
battle fields through which it had been trailed,
appeared to the recognition at once of both North
and South, and to the horror of all Europe, even
When viewing it remotely from the opposite shores
of the Atlantic, as a malignant and almost despair-
ing signal for the transformation of a Civil into a
Servile war ! Or, rather, it should be said, for the
enhancement of the atrocity of the one by the
addition to it of all the scarcely definable fero-
Cities of the other ! Several months have, since
then, elapsed, and we all know the feeble conse-
quences of that most desperate of all the many
desperate ventures of the Federal PRESIDENT.
We know, so far as Mr. LINCOLN'S proclamation
itself is concerned, that, month after month, it ap-
peared powerless in the way of giving rise to any
appreciable consequences at all, great or small,
raped or tardy, goof, bad, or indifferent.
The
Pearls chaunted by the infatuated be-
lievers M Federalism as the 70t1 0-70) of the
Abolition-
tat, month after month, here received
no kind or •
Justification whatsoever. Similarly, it
might be said,that,with the advance of time, thefears
of those who dreaded the effect of Mr. LINCOLN'S
signal for a Servile
War, faded out most happily,
first of all little by little, but afterwards rapidly
and altogether. ire
eoe one undeniable step, how-
ever, which was taken by Mr. LINCOLN, in the
very act of issuing his
historical proclamation—
(darkly or brightly historical
it matters nothing)—
was a step in advance, a ate
D that could not be re-
traced. By taking that step, .
esui
hiltay_,elt ..lng. that pro-
c!amation, he had pledged
and his Govern-
ment, he had permanently and .
uemistakeaoly
Government of the
''T'rtb, the Govern-
thenceforth, coute
pledged the
went of the Federals, to maintain,
qui coute, to the life and to the death, the • -
principles
of Aboliti on, the cause of Emancipation. No mat-
ter how mean the motive prompting him
to the
act, the act itself W3B accomplished. Mr. LINCOLN

had done for spite, had done out of despair, had
...

done in fury, had done for what you will—that

which he and his predecessors had never had the
heart to do previously in obedience to the prompt-
ings of eit,her conscience or magnanimity.

Preside at DAvis, after the lapse of nearly three
quarters of a year has only just now, and therefore

quite delib erately,responded to the challenge thrown
out to Malt by that proc!amation of Mr. LINCOLN

on the let of last Janulry. And how has the Con-

federate C7dvernment reiponded to that challenge of

the Feder ),1 Governtnen of the North in reference

to the futl ire treatment the black copulation of
both Nort born and Souther n S rates ? By a resolution
pledging . President Davis awl his colleagues no less
securely a ad permanently to tNe great and sacred

cause held, dm • to the heart and slonscience of every
earnest A boliti onist. The calling out by the South
of 500,000 nege nes—upon the promise of each one
amongst them r 2.ceiving, not only a plot of land at
the close of tin war, but his emancipation from
slavery at the date of his enlistment—is the vir-
tual pledging of the Confederate States to the
abolition of sla very altogether. So that, already,
this otherwise, most deplorable war is yielding
80 me happy -r :salts, even in the midst of the

anguish and desolation it is producing, and of
which it is likely, alas ! still for an indefinite period
to be prodnctivp.

The invitation which the Emperor of AUSTRIA
addressed to the King of DENMARK bidding him to
the Conference of German Potentates, recently held
at Frankfort, was, as we all know, declined, by
King FREDERICK. The terms of his refusal are
now before us, reprinted from the Europe, and they
will be studied with some interest by politicians
and statesmen. The task which his Danish
MAJESTY had before him was a delicate and diffi-
cult one. He naturally felt it to be impossible to
be present at the Congress among his enemies of
the Confederation. It was true that his arch-ad-
versary, Prussia, would not be represented, but
there were plenty of minor Powers quite ready to
fight her battles, and to make themselves disagree-
able to the ruler de facto of Schleswig. It was,
too, unfitting the dignity of an independent and
reigning Sovereign to attend personally at a Con-
gress consisting principally of the members of that
Diet who had but a short time back announced their
intention of invading his dominions. If he con-
sulted dignity, he would angrily resent their inter
ference and embroil himself still further with the
rulers of States more powerful than his own. If he
listened to prudence, and attempted conciliation, he
would be called upon to make hasty pledges to tie
himself down by restrictions and admissions which
would make his case still worse. From very dif-
ferent motives than those which actuated the Kiug
of PRUSSIA and his ill-omened advisers, King
FREDERICK of Denmark resolved to refrain from
visiting Frankfort. It was necessary, however,
that all courtesy should be observed in declining
the invitation of FRANCIS JOSEPH, and accordingly
we find that the Danish KING is profuse in his
assurances of sympathy in the cause and of favour-
able prognostications as to the result. Nothing
would be more agreeable to him, he declares, than
to take part in the proceedings, since he is "sin-
cerely interested" in the results, which, he believes,
will be " salutary to the whole of Germany." He
flatters himself that the Austrian KAISER will
appreciate the motives which guide him in his re-
fusal, and declares that he will follow the
course of events with lively solicitude, and ex-
presses his conviction that, owing to the
favourable inauguration of the meeting
under the Imperial auspices, there is good reason to
hope for a satisfactory conclusion. After this well-
turned compliment he takes the opportunity to allude
delicately to his own position, and very ingeniously
contrives to identify himself in his maintenance of
Danish rights with the Austrian EMPEROR in his
new schemes of reform. "In times past I have
already testified my desire of co-operating with re-
gard to the Dachies of Holstein and Lauenburg in
a development of the Germanic Confederation,
which should reconcile the exigencies of the day
with the imprescriptible rights of the Sovereigns,
and I am convinced that the high sagacity of your
imperial MAJESTY will succeed in attaining this
object." He goes on to say that he has grounds for
hoping for a speedy conclusion of the negotiations
now pending with the Confederation with regard
to the constitutional position of the Duchies, and he
is the more anxious for such a termination as it will
enable him to associate himself in matters concern-
ing his German territories with the new arrange-
ments. His Majesty of DENMARK thus carefully
avoids putting himself in opposition to the views of
his powerful correspondent ; and, indeed, it is pro-
bable that he is inclined to participate in them to
some degree. He is not likely to look too favour-
ably on the constitution of that Confederation
which has already cost him so much trouble ;
and under a new settlement of affairs the King
of DENMARK might obtain a more satisfactory
position, and secure a recognition of his indepen-
dent rights. If he could gain the support of the
Austrian EMPEROR, the situation of affairs would
be very much altered, and it is not impossible that,
with a view to humbling Prussian pretensions,
Vienna might give some indirect countenance to
Copenhagen. It is true that it was asserted that
Austrian troops were to put into practice the threat-
ened " Federal execution" in Schleswig ; but
Austria is not the power really concerned in the
possession of Kiel. The Danish KING must see
with some satisfaction the increasing complexity of
German affairs. Austria has undertaken the inau-
guration of this comprehensive amendment of the
Constitution. Prussia is involved in a domestic
crisis which threatens serious consequences ; while
the smaller States are divided between anxiously
debating what parts they shall play between the
two chief actors and in apprehensively regarding
the steps France takes towards the Rhine. Among
these various and conflicting interests which have
grown rapidly in importance during the past six
months, Denmark stands a better chance of being
left unmolested for the time. It is almost doubtful
whether the alliance with England can be ranked
among the deterrent agencies, seeing that Earl
RUSSELL'S erratic and inconsistent policy appears
to be influenced by no such considerations. Lord PAL.
MERSTON'S manly and straightforward exposition
of the real design and object of the Prussian policy
may possibly have had weight with the cautious
members of the Confederation, and certainly the
Danish KING will not fail to give his friends and
allies an opportunity of assisting him. The dignity
and decision with which ho has " held his own"
against the unfounded pretensions of Garman ag-
gressors have never faltered whether in addressing
a firm yet temperate remonstrance to the Diet, in
dealing with his refractory subjects of Holstein, in
rejecting the " pretended friendship" of Earl RUS-
SELL'S preposterous suggestions, or in replying to
the courtesies of the Austrian EMPEROR. By his
resolute maintenance of his unquestionable rights,

at the same tima that he has studiously avoided

giving his adversaries any just ground of offence,

he has secured the sympathies of all right thinking

and independent men. He may rest assured that
whatever the sentiments of the English Govern-
ment, the English nation will not suffer him to
rest unaided should foreign aid be called for, s;nce

the independence of Denmark is to them a ques-
tion 01 the first importance, whether as regards
ing the political adjustment of Europe, or as a mat-
ter of equity
and right.

,ord STANLrE:
p ied on Thursday at the res-ddis-
tribution of pi
by the Preston School referringA
He commenced by
o
at the Preston School of Art.
to the progress made
rftotrdmu
aritnt
ogn iotfs
wfihv fire
which
years'this
existence. He then went
lordship . considero
of how
h themade
an e larger
some
subject of" that art for the
how far it Preston School exists." His
far arc
interesting remarks on the question
detail,
and ought
the origin and
is cultivi.ted in this country, and
He went into this matter in
pre.
to be.
sonic(' his hearers with a resume of
progress of art in various phases of society. In
early and rude states there was little leisure for
any wants to be attended to. but those Which
rslatoi to " safety and subsistence. While nations
were struggling for their existence they had no time
to tldnk of anything beyond actual necessities; they
hail no more refined wants than those of the animal
na tore. They built only for shelter and defence,
an d if they adorned anything it was their persons
att 1 weapons. But when they aimed at a higher

THE; SON, LONDON,

state there arose that discontent of their position
which in some degree is the cause of progress. The

reason and tho imagination exercised themselves,

and they began to desire, not only to live securely,
but to understand what was about them, and to

gratify the love of beauty, which seems nziversal.
There is a bad and barbarous art, the same as there
exists a rude and primitive literature; but there is
no nation that has long existed securely that has
not had something it meant for literature,
and also something which it meant for
art." This is a very true definition of
the rise and progress of art in the infancy of nations,
and serves to typify its necessity to every state that
atall
progress in its existence,
or that o
enough to carry on indepen-
dentlyni
st a
powerfuli n s the germs e rm so f
of others. Lord STANLEY then went on to
c
explain the first appearance of artistic creations.
They were always distinguished for vastness, but
gradually came the higher development of taste
and when the feeling for art reached this
stage it
became popular, !and was the " property and spo -
session of an entire nation." As an illustration of
this, he went on to show how things that were
sumptuous and splendid might yet not show to ad-
vantage beside articles which, inferior in intrinsic
value, were to the eye of taste more characteristic
of beauty. As for architecture, you might look, un-
fortunately, in many English towns at some building
of cote, to raise which estates have been sold, and
yet some simpler edifice at not a hundredth part of
the cost may strike " the eye as conforming to those
rules of beauty from which the more sumptuous
edifice departs." This is the right way to impress
upon the minds of others the inherent principles of
art, that its triumphs do not depend upon the dis-
play of money or the lavishness of the style em-
ployed, but that humble efforts may in their way
be more successful. Lord F. —TANLEY forcibly
brought out his meaning in these words:—

" What is the result of all this ? why that
art ought not to be, cannot be, the mere
plaything of luxury or the slave of wealth."
He then expatiated on the universality of the prin-
ciples of art, which were unlimited in extent, and
not confined to narrow bcundaries, or influenced by
sordid motives. "I hardly understand a man of
sense and feeling," he said, " setting great store on
pleasures which cannot be shared by the great
bulk—at least, of educated men. We value art,
we honour it, we seek to promote it, be-

cause it is in its nature universal—popular
in the true sense—bQcause, like all sources
of enjoyment, which are intellectual, not material,
it belongs to all those, and to those only,
who have within themselves the power to appreciate
it—who arc students and scholars, not merely pur-
chasers and patrons." His lordship next commented
on the necessity of art, especially in the present
day, to counteract the growing tendencies of the age
to monetary considerations alone. From the lawyer,
with his briefs, to the operative who tends the loom
and those who labour, all take to one serious pur-
suit, and keep to it during the greater part of their
lives. However good for society this may be, it
is injurious to the individual, for the absorption
begets a narrowness, and also produces a craving
for excitement and pleasure. To gratify these
feelings is a difficult thing, and well it is that art
can do so much. His lordship remarked on th©
great improvements that had been made by Eng-
lish manufacturers of late years. I\l. CHEVALIER,
in his report on the late Exhibition, had mentioned
this striking and satisfactory movement. kle even
dreaded lest the pre-eminence of France, in the
regions of taste, might be injured by the progress
and skill exhibited by English workmen. Some
, other French gentlemen have expressed themselves
to this effect, and attributed the success
to the Schools of Design. Finally, Lord
STANLEY made some admirable remarks on the
absurd notions that prevail in some quarters regard-
ing the impossibility of English taste being culti-
vated. There is no want of a love of beauty in the
English mind, remarked his lordship. No people
in Europe, except the Dutch, were so sensitive to
dirt and disorder, negligence and slovenliness, as
the English. If it is too early to boast, it is also too
early to give up. At one time a gentleman im-
ported his pictures as he imported his wine, from
necessity, for no English school of painting existed.
It was therefore patent to observation that England
had during the present generation made great and
rapid progress. "In promoting theseschools of design
intended for the better culture of art, we are sup-
plying a real want, and representing the real ten-
dency of our time." It is satisfactory when those
in a high position come forward like Lord STANLEY
to afford their assistance towards carrying out those
interesting and important objects. It is to be
hopad that his earnest and impressive words will
not be thrown away upon those to whom they were
addressed, but that they will persevere in their
efforts, and by their success inspire others to follow
their example. The benefits that accrue to a country
from the right understanding and true ap

preciation of art are incalculable, and no efforts
should be spared to encourage its progress.

ANOTHER COLONELCY VACANT !—The colonelcy
of the 2d Life Guards is again vacant by the death
of Earl Beauchamp, who enjoyed the honour only for a few
months. Ws believe it is the rule, that none but peers
shall have the colonelcies of the Household Cavalry, and the
accompanying Court office of Gold Stick in Waiting. It
may be fairly presumed then, that the Marquis of Tweed-
dale is not unlikely to be the new colonel, as he is the only
peer who is a full general. Ile was never a cavalry officer,
but neither were Lord Gough, nor Lord Seaton, nor other
possessors of these posts. Long and distinguished service
has been generally held to furnish a c!aim, irrespectively
of ,the arm of the service in which it was rendered, and
these qualifications Lord Tweeddale very well fulfils—
Army and .Nary Gazette.

CAMPDEN HOUSE—we have from the Court
Journal—Somewhere about the middle of the last
century, became a fashionable ladies' boarding school.
Here George Selwyn visited a protegee of his, Mdlle.
Fagniani, who married the late Marquis of Hertford.
Campden House, which had fallen into the hands of a Mr.
Pitt, continued to be a boarding-school up to a considerable
period of the present century. Mr. Wolley's residence
there has lately been made known to the public. Offering
no comment upon the trial, we content ourselves with con•
gratulating Mr. Wolley on the result, which we consider
was a moat just one. When leaving Croydon, Mr. Wolley
and Miss Coape were loudly cheered by the populace. The
bells at Kensington rang when the news reached there of
the verdict ; and the neighbourhood of Notting-hill seemed
delighted at the result of this protracted trial. And last,
though not least, nearly all the numerous friends and tic.
quaintances who partook of the hospitality of Campden
warmly expressed their sympathy at the
H result.ouee have

TIIE RUSSIAN ANSWER AND COMING REFORMS.
—lf we are well informed (says the Independance),
and we believe we are, the _Russian answer which is ex•
pected in London, Paris, and Vienna, whilst maintaining
the principles already laid down by ItusE la in previous
despatches, and reiterated in the last article of the iSt..
_Petersburg Journal, will likewise contain an indication of
the reforms projected by the Government of the Cz tr.
These reforms will consist of the introduction of the prin-
ciple of decentralisation, on representative bases, into the
administration of the empire. Provincial institu-
tions, similar to those of the arrondissement and
departmental councils of France will be established. The
members will be chosen by election. The functions of these
councils will be more extensive than the similar ones in
France, and will more resemble iu character those of the
provincial councils in Belgium. With respect to Poland
theinstitutions indicated in the treaties of 1815, with per-
' haps some extension, will be granted, but only alter its
St. part of
Petersburg, foreigners,
but
its
pacification, and whhout the least mixture of interference
on theThecon t
eanutsswaerre will
already s ooknnboew
known
sent
from
the:Governments of France, England, and Austria, and have
given entire satisfaction to two of them, the meaning of
which ie that the third will also have to accept them.

CANADA.

MO-NDAY EVENING Le,'"l4l PTEMPEP 14 1,;(1`1 .3

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

DRURY LANE THEATRE,

MONTREAL, SEPT, 3.
Mr. Sicotte'd motion of want of confidence in the
Ministry has been defeated in the Assembly by a
majority of 63 against GO votes.

THE CHANNEL FLEET.
LIVERPOOL, SEPT, 14.
The Channel fleet arrived at the bar at three
o'clock this morning, and will come up the Mersey
at noon.

The winter season of this national establishment
commenced on Saturday evening, under the
management of Messrs, Falconer and Cnatterton.
Although in the company the names of many of the
favourites of last season are not to be found, yet
amongst those already engaged by the combined
management we have Messrs. Walter Lacy, Ryder,
Addison, G. Belmore, Charles, Barrett, and Neville,
Misses C. Saunders, Murray, Rose Leclerq, Mrs.
Melville, and Mrs. Edmund Falconer. Mr. Phelps
is also under en gogement to Messrs. Falconer end
Chatterton, and the piece in preparation for this
gentleman is Lord Byron's tragedy of Manfred,
which is to be produced with extraordinary splen-
dour. The opening piece on Saturday was a three-
act comedy frcw the pen of Mr. Falconer, entitled
entitled " Nature's above Art," the plot of which
is certainly neither brief nor simple. On the
contrary, it is difficult, nay almost impossible, to see
the intention of the author, yet as nearly as we
could make it out it is as follows. An elderly
country gentleman, one Mr. Mordaunt, residing in
Warwickshire, is awaiting the return of his son
Edgar from his travels, when, through the mysteri-
ous hints of a certain romantic chambermaid, one
Sally Stiggins, we begin to imagine the above men-
tioned Edgar is not that personage. This impres-
sion is strengthened when we find that Mr. Edgar,
instead of applying the proceeds of the large cheques
he has been in the habit of receiving from Mr.
Mordaunt in improving his intellectual capacities,
has been squandering t hem in low life and dissipation
with a member of the P.R., one Bill Puddick, and
another individual, a little more polished but not
less unscrupulous, a Mr. Meander Wilderspoon.
Before the conclusion of the first act the doubt re-
lative to Edgar being Mordaunt's son becomes a
certainty, and then arrives an interesting young
lady, Miss Ellen Lacy, with a companion and
schoolfellow, Blanche Maydew,at the Squire's home.
Blanche is a foundling, and when the old man en•
deavours to recollect where he has seen ber before,
we begin to suspect that she is the personage whose
arrival is so anxiously lcoked for. In the second
act we expect to find the identity of Blanche
Msydew established, but it is not so, and again we
are left to puzzle ourselves who the " real Simon
Pure" is. We now learn that just at the time
Squire Mordaunt's lady became a mother, Mrs.
Stiggins, a domestic in the service, also gave birth
to a daughter, and both infants being females, we
are informed by the housekeeper that a change of
babies took place, and that the romantic and heroic
Sally Stiggins is no other than the daughter of
Squire Mordaunt. Sally now assumes high impor-
tance, and
,the once wealthy Edgar now sinks into
comparative poverty, at the same time his name, of
course, changes from that of highsoundingMordaunt
to that of vulgar Stiggins. Sally, now a lady, finds
she cannot stoop to marry Edgar Stiggins, and not-
withstanding the appeals of her or adored lover,
she gives him the cold shoulder. All seems going
on satisfactorily when a Mr. Oldacre arrives at the
hall, and he creates the utmost consternation by his
informing them that the child, imagined to be a
girl, was in fact ale ; then the fortunes of Sally
begin to decline, and Edgar thinks there's yet a
chance left for him. The complicated matter, how-
ever, is taken in hand in the third act by the house-
keeper, and she calls in an aged nurse who
declares that a mistake has been made about
the change, that the son of Squire Mordaunt is n
other than Meander Wilderspoon, who, during the
action of the piece, has become a penitent and re-
formed gentleman, and whose identity can be esta-
blished by the mark of a pickled walnut (!)on his left
arm. Blanche Maydew turns out to be the lost
daughter of Mr. Oldacre, and everything ends to the
satisfaction of all parties engaged in the play, if not
to those who have been witnessing its representa-
tion "before the curtain." We must say that great
perplexity evidently prevailed amongst the
audience, and they seemed inclined to agree in the
opinion expressed byßillPuddick,when he exclaimed
"I'm blessed if I know who's who, or what's what."
Mr. Lacy, Mr. Addison, Mr. Ryder, and Mr. G.
Bohnore sustained capitally the respective parts of
Meander Wilderspoon, Bill Puddick, Squire Mor-
daunt, and Edgar; whilst Miss Charlotte Saunders
IS Sally Stiggins, and Mrs. Falconer as the house-
keeper, acted with their accustomed spirit and
effect. The great fault of the piece is over-elabo-
ration, but when the play has undergone the com-
pression that usually takes place after a first repre-
sentation there seems to be no reason why
"Nature's above Art" should not become attrac-
tive, notwithstanding its peculiar construction.
The good old Lyceum farce, " A Day Well Spent,"
in which in for mer days poor Wiench and Oxbcrry
used inthe old time todelight the public, brought the
entertainments to a very satisfe.ctory conclusion.
Mr. Falconer received a very hearty and enthu-
siastic welcome on his appeariez before the curtain
to acknowledge the honour of " a call," and every
person present seemed to be animated with the wish
and desire that his present season may result in a
solid and substantial success.