The Sun.
London, England, 1830-01-08 00:00:00

ever, forego the gratification of mentioning that
none of the present men remain ; and that all who
come in, with one exception (and he the first diplo-
matist of the day), are Protestants."
Any body but the writer of this paragraph
must have felt that the only ground of belief in
such a story was its utter impossibility. The
Duke of Richmond Prime Minister! That
worthy and modest nobleman will himself feel
too strongly the ridiculous nature of such a
supposition to make it worth our while to point
the jest. And the Ministry (God wot 1) to be
all Protestants This childish application of
the term Protestant means (among the party to
which our egregious contemporary belongs),that
the Ministry would consist of men who would re-
peal the Catholic Relief Act, and would raise a
rebellion in Ireland to exhibit their skill in quell-
ing it. They would " steer among the sands
to show their wit." But the writer does not
tell us who these sages are. This is tantalizing.
We are really anxious to see a list of the persons
whom our contemporary thinks fit to govern the
State :it must be an amusing catalogue,—a col-
lection of real zoological curiosities. Then, the
exception made in favour of the first diplomatist
of the age I This concession is liberal, but does
it not a little compromise the pure high-flying
principles of the great Protestant party ? We
really think the exception is precipitate; and,
for the sake of their own dignity and consistency
(we can have no other motive), we recommend
them to reconsider this point. By the way, the
new Cabinet has been more than usually re-
served, and even discourteous, in their suppres-
sion of all previous mention of this important
change. Their own friends, for want of the ne-
cessary information, have been daily deserting
them ; while the Duke of Wellington and his
Cabinet, being dismissed without notice, have
no time to make even a decent retreat, much less
to prepare their minds for so sad a reverse of for.
tune. Perhaps no:courtesy was owing to the Duke,
who has himself, it must be confessed, a somewhat
rapid and abrupt way of getting rid of opponents;
but surely, it was cruel not to give their own
friends notice, in time to save them from the
awkwardness of a double apostacY. But we feel
that it would be tiring our readers to go on
with the dissection of this prodigious narrative :
they will pronounce it at once—what we our-
selves know it to be pure absolute fudge.—lbid.
The Message of the President of the United
States to Congress will be found in another cu..
lumn. Its main feature is the extensive reforms,
both cGnstitutional and administrative, which
are recommended. The object of these reforms
is to purge the institutions of the ccuntry from
all impediments to the constant action of the
will,of the people on those who govern. Dur-
ing the course of the year 1829, no less than
12,405,005 dollars has been paid towards the
reduction of the Debt, which, on the 1t of
January, 1830, amounted to 48,565,406 dol-
lars, including 7,000,000 dollars of 5 pr Cent.
Stock subscribed to the Bank of the United
States. The balance in the Treasury on the
Ist of January, 1829, was 5,972,435 dollars.
The receipts of the year 1829 are estimated at
_ _

24,602,230 dolhp,•,-„nom-tiirexpenditure for the
same time at 26,164,595 dollars, leaving a ha-
lance in the Treasury, on the Ist of January,
1830, of 4,410,070 dollars. The whole of the
Debt of the United States amounts, therefore,
to about two years' income of the Government.
In a short time it will cease to exist. Towards
this country the language is most friendly.
With Great Britain (he says), alike distin-
guished in peace or war, we may look forward
w years of peaceful, honourable, and elevated
competition. Every thing in the condition and
history of the two nations is calculated to in-
spire sentiments of mutual respect, and to carry
conviction to the minds of both that it is their
policy to preserve the most cordial relations.
Sueh are my own views, and it is not to be
doubted that such are also the prevailing senti-
ments of our constituents." Curiosity has been
~,powerfully directed to the subject of the tariff ;
a - .
4,:se tun. and ,•nrnnulce tent io the zenexA..exneetatinn
and it will be seen tom, to I
of a change is not belied.
" The operation of the Tariff (says the President)
has not proved so injurious to the two former (agri-
culture and commerce,) nor as beneficial to the latter
(manufactures) as was anticipated. Importations of
fore;gn goods have not been sensibly diminished;
while domestic competition, under an illusive excite-
ment, has increased the production much beyond the
demand for home consumption. The consequences
have been low prices, temporary embarrassment,
and partial lose, Thst such of our manufacturing
establishments as are based upon capital, and are
prudently managed, will survive the shock, and be
ultimately profitable, there is no reason to doubt.
To regulate its conduct; so as to promote
equally the prosperity of these three cardinal inter-
ests, is one of the most difficult tasks of Govern-
ment; and it may be regretted that the complicated
restrictions which now embarrass the intercourse of
nations could not, by common consent, be abolished,
and commerce allowed to flow in those channels to
which individual enterprise—always its surest guide
—might direct it. But we must ever expect selfish
legislation in other nations; and are, therefore, com-
pelled to adapt our own to their regulations, in the
manner best calculated to avoid serious injury, and
to harmonize the conflicting interests of our agricul-
ture, our commerce, and our manufactures. Under
these impressions, I invite your attention to the ex-
isting Tariff, believing that some of its provisions
require modification.
" The general rule to be applied in graduating the
duties upon articles o f foreign growth or manufac-
ture, is that which plate our own in fair competition
with those of other countries ; and the inducements
to advance even a step beyond this point are con-
trolling in regard to those articles which are of pri-
mary necessity in time of war. When we reflect
upon the difficulty and delicacy of this operation, it
is important that it should never be attempted but
with the utmost caution. Frequent legislation in
regard to any branch of industry, affecting its value,
and by which its capital may be transferred to new
channels, must always be productive of hazardous
speculation and loss,"
One of the consequences of the attempts to
bolster up any commodity by high duties on im-
portation is an increase of smuggling ; and we
find from the Message that the Tariff' has pro-
duced in this respect, in the United States, what
all men expected from it :
" It is worthy of notice (says the President),
that the laws for the collection and security of the
Revenue, arising from imposts, were chiefly framed
when the rates of duties on imported goods pre.ent-
ed much less temptation for illicit trade than at pre-
Dent exists. There is reason to belies(' that these
laws are, in some respects, quite insufficient for the
proper security of the Revenue, and the protection
of the interests of those who are disposed to observe
them. The injurious and demoralizing tendency of
a successful system of smuggling is so obvious as
not to require a comment, and cannot be too care-.
fully guarded against . I therefore suggest to on-
greas the propriety of adopting efficient measures
to prevent this evil; avoiding, however, as much as
possible, every unnecessary infringement of indivi-
dual liberty, and embarrassment of fair and lawful
business."

The domestic ref arms recommended are com-
pletely in accordance with the views of the De-
mocrats or Republicans. It is hardly necessary