The Sun.
London, England, 1863-07-06 00:00:00

Tt4E,' SUN, LONJJON, MONDAY EVENING, JULY e, 1863

sible, by means of a private interview with the
EMPEROR, clear up a mtsunderstanding as to the
exact views of his MAJESTY in relation to
the recognition of the South. The EMPEROR
himself, however, through the official state-
ment just put forth authoritatively in the columns
of the Moniteur, now gives an entirely different
account of the purpose of that strange mission of
theirs ! " Messrs. ROEBUCK and LINDSAY says the
lioniteur," visited Fontainebleau to engage the _Em-
peror to take o facial steps at London for the recog-
nition of the Southern States," and so on. Here
are the ipsissima verbu : MM. ROEBUCK et LIND-
SAY sont venue a Fontainebleau afin d'engager
l'Empereur u faire une demarche officielle aLondres
pour la reconnaisance des Etats du Suds dans leur

opinion, cette reconnaisance mettrait un terms
la lutte qui ensanglante les Etats-Ur.is." Not,
observe, to elear up any misunderstanding as to
what might be the EMPEROR'S views, but actually
tourge his Majesty—to "engage" him "to take steps
at Lo2zdon"—in other words to induce a foreign ruler
to move—to a certain policy atLondon,thecouncils of
her Britannic MAJESTY'S Government 1 Hardly the
kind of work, this, we
under-
taken by any two members of the British House of
submit, to have been
Commons I A kind
Member of Parliament at of work, indeed, wholly unbe-
fitting any English
all—
however eccentric, or however independent.
Agair, it should be particularly borne in recol-
lection that in bringing forward his motion, in mak-
ing his original statement to the House of Commons,
the member for Sheffield (TEAR'Em, with his teeth
drawn, and yet for still greater security talking
as one may say through the elegant French
muzzle strapped on him by imperial hands at
Fontainebleau)—spoke of himself very grandly as
one authorised and empowered to address the
British House of Commons, on the part, and in
the name, of his Majesty the Emperor of the
FRENCH. Recall to mind Mr. ROEBUCK'S very
words—" I know certain things about the state of
the mind of the great French ruler, which I am
authorised to lay before this House." Again—" The
Emperor of the FRENCH said, and he gave me au-
thority to repeat it here"—this, that, and the other.
And speaking then in the House, as though it were
the EMPEROR himself who was talking, he added—
" I give you full liberty to state this my wish to the
British House of Commons, and to say to them that
I have determined," so and so ! What says the
EMPEROR himself, however, now, in the official
statement his Majesty has just put forth autho-
ritatively in the columns of the Moniteur ?
Why, words could not be more explicit in
the way of contradiction to all this astounding
fanfarocade. The imperial statement closing
with the very emphatic declaration that "Every
impartial person will see by this simple explanation
that the Emperor has not attempted, as certain
papers pretend, to influence the British Parliament
through two of its members, &c." Here again, how-
ever, we give the very words themselves :—" Tout
homme impartial verra, par ce simple expose, que
l'Empereur n'a pas cherchd, comma le pretendent
certaines feuilies, u influencer le Parlement britun-
nique par l'entremise de deux de sesmembres, et que
tout s'est bone a de franches explications Ming ees
dans tine entrevue a laquelle Sa Majesty n'avait
aucune raison de se refuser." Another time, we
conjecture, his Imperial Majesty will hardly feel
disposed to prove himself so over-courteously
accessible to travelling English gentlemen, even
be they eminent members of Parliament. For,
out of his latest over•courtesy in this way—

surely an over-courtesy in Ilr. ROEBUCK'S in-
stance, remembering all that hon. member's re-
cent raiilngs and personalities in regard to the
personage he now speaks of with 'bated breath,
as the great ruler of France—out of the Em-
peror NAPOLEON'S latest over-courtesy, in this
way, has sprung this vexatious and almcst
alarming imbroglio between the English and French
Governments. Remembering Mr. ROEBUCK'S esca-
pade in Austria, and now again more recently,
and far more flagrantly, in France—TEAß'EM runs
the hazard of being better known in future, or
we are very much mistaken, as the MARPLOT of
Imperialism.

The approaching interview between the Emperor
of AUSTRIA and the King of PRUSSIA may well give
rise to speculation concerning the result of the con-
ference. It is not too much to expect that some
good may accrue from it, and notwithstanding the
many and lamentable failures that have been made
is the endeavours to bring King WILLIAM to a
more genial frame of mind, and thus to effect a hap-
pier policy, this event referred to may not be with-
out its significance. The Emperor of AUSTRIA has
a grand opportunity before him if he will but avail
himself of it, and he will merit the thanks of many
if he do so. Ile can speak with experience, and he
can iVeistrate by example. One personal argument
geee.es so much farther and carries tenfold more weight
than a large string of platitudes and a solemn array
of isolated facts. Thus the EMPEROR may cite for
the benefit of the KING the vast importance of the
reforms that have taken place in Austria, and the
necessity that he has recognised of conforming in
some measure to the popular desire. Also he may
bear testimony to the good results that have ensued
therefrom, and the better understanding that pre-
vails in
consequence between his people and him-
self. He can urge his cause with so much better
effect, because he can speak with authority, and thus
escape the disadvantage which the most skilled ad-
vocate must labour under when he addresses a supe-
rior. From the peculiar bent of the King of P RUSSIA'S
mind it must be apparent to all who consider the
point, that those who give him advice or even
offer suggestions have the difficulty of their task
thus increased twofold, and their chance of ulti-
mate success rendered more than,doubtful. Let us
hope, then, that one who has more advantages on his
side will reap more than common good, and that
the unfortunate ration of Prussia may find in
the AUTOCRAT who is to meet their SOVEREIGN
an able and efficient ally. If be only acts up at
all to the spirit that animates him when at home,
he must make some good impression on the mind
of one so misguided
and mistaken as the Monarch
he visits. The Count DE BISMARK'S visit was
most inopportune and ill-timed; but however
rooted may be the prejudices with which the
KING set out on his journey, however strengthened
they
may have been through untoward circum-
stances, still many will expect great things from
this meeting, and many will be grievously disap -
pointed if the result should be an unsatisfactory
one. It seems quite a fortuitous chance, and a
lucky coincidence that it should take place at this
particular juncture. Perhaps for no one more
fortunate than King WILLIAM himself. If he
trifles much longer with the feelings of the people,
and seems determined only to be informed
or guided by those decidedly inimical
to popular sentiments, affairs may become
too serious to allow of any retrogade movement
being made at all, and the fall of his dynasty even
may tremble in the balance. It is not unreasonable,
then, to expect that, considering the vital interests
at stake, and the importance of the vexed questions
now disputed being speedily settled, both
Sovereigns will be impressed with a due sense of
the significance of their meeting. It may be that
nothing positive is the result, They may meet, con.

fer, and separate without any auspicious result being
the token of their interviews, but if they are in-
fluenced by an earnest desire to improve the oppor-
tunity such an unsatisfactory denouement can hardly
take place. If the EMPEROR be sincere in his wisb,
and strenuous in his endeavour to persuade the
KING to adopt a happier course and rule with a
more benignant sway, there is the possibility of a
new and better era springing up.
cf
ae er dt h a or
inn g his
the
aoauar
aneey
he
the
to remove the feelings that now unhappily bar its
o f constitutionalism, animatedl3landnoedswirPer eager°o;
cperrotgari eastsy,
.h e may
Venz, evtiudri,n
vwtcitt.,h
mh oapye ebxec h
eaxnagelad fo i
medr
when he re-enters his palace, and he will have
achieved a better conquest than one who taketh a
city. On the other hand, if King WILLIAM will
accede to such reasonable requests be may return
with satisfaction to the capital he quitted in doubts
and distraction. Angry recriminations will sub-
side, and be converted into eager acclamations of
welcome, and he will be more than ever sensible
of the faulty and mistaken course his steps are now
treading, when he realises the security of the throne
that has its foundations in equity and moderation,
and recognises the real and right influence that is
wielded over the destinies of a State by that Sove-
reign who respects the rights of his subjects before
he considers the claims of his own prerogative, and
thus may rest in safety, secure that his bulwark of
defence in the day of trouble will be found in the
earnest reliance and deep devotion of his people's
hearts.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs at Paris has
forwarded a communication to the French Ambas-
sadors at London and Vienna, concerning the
Polish question. From despatches of the Prince
GORTSCHAKOFF it would appear that Russia now
entertains a more favourable view of the adjustment
of this vexed question. The Court of St. Peters-
burg admits the right of neighbouring states to
make representations in favour of Poland, and to
take an interest in its welfare, and also allows that
it would be very desirable to come to an under-
standing as to the selection of the means best cal-
culated to bring about this fortunate result. There-
upon M. DROUYN DE LHUYS very appropriately
observes that the Cabinet of the Tuileries is willing
to follow Russia in the view indicated. It seeks to
ascertain the form in which deliberations should
be carried on, and desires to be informed of the
maw= in which Great Britain and Austria regard
the affair. The Government of the EMFEROR, he
observes, do not agree to the objections put forward
by Prince GORTSCHAROFF. He truly and em-
phatically declares that " the troubles of Poland
are less the result of revolutionary excitations and
propagandism than of the situation created for the
country. He thinks it the duty of an enlightened
Government to remove every aliment to subversive
passions, and the best means to accomplish this is
to satisfy legitimate aspirations." This is as good
an opinion as can be given regarding the position
in which Poland is placed, and the advice tendered
to Russia is sound, and if only acted upon would
speedily terminate all these unhappy contentions.
Also, the French Minister pays a just tribute to
the chiefs of the insurrection, and asserts that they
preserved to their movement a national character.
It is always the fashion in these struggles for the
tyrannical portion in the affray to seek to blacken
the reputation of their opponents by every
means in their power. In this instance, how-
ever, it will not avail, for it is an acknow-
ledged fact that the sinister designs and visionary
schemes that are undertaken by those men who
seek to spread disorganisation had nothing to do
with this outburst of popular indignation. As M.
DROUYN DE LHUYS justly affirms, in conclusion, it
is not revolution that has created the sit aation of
Poland, but it is the situation of Poland that appeals
to revolution. This is the reason, he says, why the
European Cabinets have the right to take up the
question. It is not unreasonable to expect that
something may yet be effected by this junction of
the Three Powers, and their continued efforts and
reiterated remonstrances and representations must
in the end produce some impression even on those
impassable and imperious rulers at St. Petersburg.
Fear of offending important States may operate
successfully, and the dread of converting a puissant
ally into a dangerous foe may work wonders in
moulding the mind to listen to arguments and to
recognise claims that would otherwise be thrust
aside in contempt and scorn. If any advantage
accrue to Poland from these deliberations, great
credit will be due to all those who have taken a
conspicuous part in them.

It was not to be expected that the debate on Mr.
CAIRD'S motion on Friday evening should lead to
any practical result. It was, in fact, brought for-
ward rather as a vehicle for discussion than with a
view of attaining any direct object. Still the de-
bate on the subject of our Indian cotton supply was
not without profit. The oftener Indian questions
are discussed in the English Parliament the better
it will be for India. The general want of know-

ledge produces a corresponding want of interest,
and the consequence is that affairs are left almost
exclusively in the hands of officials without the
wholesome check of Parliamentary criticism. The
all-important question of cotton is likely, however,
to do India good service in more ways than one, by
turning public attention to the resources of her soil
and climate, and to the obstructive and inefficient
system of government that has so long interfered
with the full development of her capacities. Mr.
COBDEN'S able and forcible speech the other even-
ing was a severe reproof to the Indian Secretary for
the narrow and prejudiced spirit in which he
has legislated for our great Eastern Empire.
Mr. COBDEN very justly censured the Go-
vernment for not having stimulated the
growth of cotton by every means in their power two
years ago. As sole proprietor of the land, said the
hon. gentleman, the Government should through
their collectors, even through native collectors,
endeavour to reach the poor ryots, inform them of
what is going on in Europe, offer them prizes and
seed, and, in short, do all that is constantly done by
English landowners to encourage their tenants to
improve their stock and implements. " The Eng-
lish Government of India," continued the member for
Rochdale, " is the most gigantic absentee landlord in
the world, and the head of the Indian department is
the agent or trustee for this gigantic Indian farm."
We venture to say that no intelligent private pro-
prietor would retain such an agent in his service !
The one idea which seems to govern all Sir C.
WOOD'S policy is obtaining money from the land
tax. Mr. COBDEN cited a very striking case in
point, exhibiting the extraordinary reluctance of
the Indian Secretary to make the smallest
remission of this cherished source of re-
venue, and giving a sufficient answer to his
protestations of readiness to as3ist the cotton
trade. It seems that the Governor of Madras
aathorised the collectors in the districts to exempt
30 acres of land from the land-tax for the purpose
of trying experiments in the cultivation of cotton.
The remission was only to be for five years even
for this petty surface of
Sir CHARLES WOOD --a, Minister, as Mr. COBDEN
reminded the House, governing a territory of 70,000

square miles ! Writing to the Governor of Madras
on the 9th of July, 1862, he says I observe
that you have authorised the offer to a few intel-
ligent natives, to be selected by the collectors, of
a remission of assessment for five years on such
spots of land (not exceeding 30 acres in each case)
as they may be willing to devote to the improve-
ment of native cotton, due care being, of course,
taken to ascertain that the terms of the ageement
are satisfactorily fulfilled. . . . I cannot ap-
prove your having given to the collectors generally
a discretion to remit the permanent revenue upon
land to the extent of 30 acres in favour of any
persons who may display a willingness to devote
the land to the improvement of native cotton."
This is the spirit that has actuated all our recent
Indian policy—a petty, narrow-minded, and restric-
tive spirit unable to sacrifice a trifling present gain
for a large future good, and quite unequal to the
exigencies of the time. Of course Sir CHARLES
WOOD denies all injurious interference, and declares
that, though the Government would not interfere
with private enterprise, by buying or growin g cotton
themselves, they have always been ready to give
every assistance to those persons who wished to
embark in the trade. The way in which this assis-
tance is given is by putting every possible restric-
tion on the purchase of land, though thousands of
acres suitable for cotton cultivation are lying waste
under the Indian sun. Well might the member
for Rochdale, after quoting some of the existing
regulations, say that they read as if they were
written in jest. It is time, however, that our Indian
system of government were reformed in earnest.

We would here particularly direct attention to a
letter addressed to us by Mr. Sergeant SHEE--a let-
ter which will be found in another part of our im-
pression of this evening. After an examination of
the passage quoted by the learned Sergeant from a
work of his published now about ten years ago, a
passage he has here taken occasion to quote at
length immediately at the close of his communica-
tion—no one can possibly have any further misap-
prehension as to what was the precise scale of income
priposed by Sergeant SHEE for the Beneficed
Clergy of the Established Church in Ireland. No
one but will then recognise how erroneous was the
deduction drawn from that very passage by more
than one member taking part in the recent debate
upon the subject, to the effect that Sergeant SHEE'S
proposition would cetually involve, what it would
certainly not involve, nor anything like it—an ad-
dition of £78,000 to the net revenues of the Irish
Church Establishment.

Marvellous Evidences of Poetic Sympathy.

POPE ON THE SPIDER.

"The spider's touch—how exquisitely fine I
Feels at each thread, and lives along the line I"
SH AMPERE ON THE SNAIL.
" The Snail, whose tender horns being hit,
- - •

Shrinks backward in his shelly cave with pain,
And there, all smother'd up in shade, do&b. sit,
Long after fearing to creep forth again."

M. RENAN'S DEDICATION OF HIS " VIE DE
JEsurs."—L-To the pure spirit of my sister Henrietta,
who died at Byblus, 24th September, 1861. "Do you re-
member, from your rest in the bosom of God, those long
days at Ghazir, where, alone with you, I wrote these pages,
inspired by the scene we had just traversed ? Silent at my
side, you read every leaf, and copied it out as soon as writ-
ten, while the sea, the villages, the ravine, the mountains,
unrolled themselves at our feet. When the overwhelming
light of the sun had given place to the innumerable army
of stars, your fine and delicate questions, yi.ur discreet
doubts, brought me back to the sublime object of our com-
mon thoughts. One day you said that you should love
this book—first, because it had been written with you, and
also because it pleased you. If sometimes you feared for
it the narrow judgments of the frivolous man, you were
always persuaded that spirits truly religious would in the
end be pleased with it. In the midst of these sweet medita-
tions death struck us both with his wing; the sleep of fever
seized us both in the same hour ; I awoke alenel You
sleep now in the land of Adonis, near the holy Byblus and
the sacred waters where the women of the ancient mysteries
came to mingle their tears. Reveal to me, my good genius,
to me whom you loved, these truths which master death,
prevent us from fearing, and make us almost love it
MARSHAL FOREY, the conqueror of Puebla, was
born in Paris on the 10th of January, 1804. He
entered the military school of St. Cyr in 1822. He took
part in the expedition to Algiers, and served with distince
tion in Africa until Nov. 4, 1844, when he returned to
France with the rank of colonel. He was made general of
brigade 4n 1848, and general of division on the 22d Dec ,
1852. Having been appointed to the command of there-
serve of the army of the East, he was charged with the
direction of the attacks of the left, before Sebastopol, until
April, 1855, when he quitted the Crimea to return to
France. Being afterwards appointed to the command of a
division of the army of Italy, he gained the battle of
Montebello on the 20th May, 1859, and greatly distin-
guished himself throughout the campaign, The Emperor,
as a reward for hie gallant conduct during the campaign ot
Italy, named him a senator by decree of the 16th August,
1559. The capture of Puebla raised Gen. Forey's renown
to the highest point, as the world now very well knows, the
Emperor Napoleon having just placed within the grasp ot
the Conqueror the highest reward of all in the eyes of a
French soldier, the baton of a Marshal of the Empire.;
THE TINWORKS OF SOUTH WALES.—From the
commencement of the American war up to within
six months ago, the tin trade of South Wales suffered so
severely from the depreeeion that many works had to be com-
pletely stopped. Not a few of the works were entirely de-
pendent on the American demand, and when the effects of
the civil war virtually closed that market, some of the pro-
prietors bad to bring their works to a standstill, and the
more fortunate were able to keep their establishments going
only from two to four days a week. While the Wide was
going through this trying ordeal it is satisfactory and credit-
able to state that not a single failure took place among the
tinwork proprietors of this district. A few months since a
slight reaction for the better was manifested in the trade, '
and it is gratifying to report that the improvement is fully
sustained, and future prospects are encouraging. The re-
sult of this improvement has been increased employment at
the works, and several of the establishments that were
stopped are now going on again. New works are in course
of erection near Swansea and Neath ; Melingriffith has
same re-
commencedviewat working ; preparations are being made with the
Llanelly,
Breconshire, and two or three other
works are likely soon to be started again. These facts
clearly show that the trade is in a better state at the present
time than has been the case for the last two years, and judg-
pinrgopfrietors show decided confidence in the rom the extensions and preparations going on, tinwork
future of the
trade.
A NEW RAILWAY SlGlCAL.—Travellers on the
Midland Railway, passing Kegworth, may have ob
served at that place a new signal, which is likely to cause a
revolution in railway signals. It consists of a clock, with a
face 4ft. in diameter, placed on the top of a column 15ft.
high. Only a quarter of the clock is shown, which is
formed of ground glass, with red figures 0.5.10.15., and has
only one hand. Attached to the clock is a long rod connected
with a treadle about 16ft. long, which lies along the inside of
one of the rails. On the train
passing over the treadle it is
depressed slightly by the wheel flange, and the clock hand
is set at liberty and is so adjusted by a counterpoise that it
turns
to the figure 0. Immediately the train has passed
over the hand begins again to mark the time up to 15
minutes, when it is stopped, thus indicating to the next
train exactly how long up to 15 minutes the preceding train
has passed the signal. The same clock works two faces,
one for the up and one for the down line. The signal is illu-
minated at night. The simplicity of this signal is suchthat
it is almost an impossibility for it to get out of order, and it
is so arranged that a passing train takes off all pressure from
the clock, so that the great difficulty hitherto experienced in
self-working signals is successfully overcome. The Midland
Railway Company, who have erected the one above de-
scribed, have every reason to be satisfied with the result of
the experiment. It is calculated that when adopted double
the number of night trains may be safely passed over the
line that can be passed over now. There can be little doubt
that it will prevent a great number of accidents from trains
running into each other, and placed at mouths of tunnels
will be of great service. Tho inventor of this ingenious con-
trivance is Mr. John King, lace manufacturer, Heanor.—
Mechanics' Magazine.
TAGLIONI'S HUSEAND,A French Peer under
Louis Philippe, Count Gilbert des Voisins, has just died,
Consul for the French empire, in the small Spanish port of
Figueras.
THE REVOLUTION IN MADAGASCAR.—The! Mont
teur of yesterday says We are assured that the Queen
in spite of circumstances, intends to uphold the treaties
with European Powers, and to maintain liberty of worship
and of commerce."

THE NATIONAL RIFLE
A
competition for the prizes given by herSMS°aCjleAtrN.
styi,°the7T.inbcee
of Wales, and by the Council of the Association commenced
to-day at Wimbledon. The firing for the Queen's prize
will commence on Wednesday end occupy two days.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE POLISH INSUIZRECTION.
COLOGNE, JULY 5.

The Cologne Gazette of to-day says: "The re
ports of the execution of Countess Plater and Fran
line Terlerzka at Wilna, are not confirmed.

A communication published by the Augsburger
.Allgemeine Zeitung, from Cracow, according to
which two Central Committees were simultaneously
in existence in that city, appears equally devoid of
foundation. Many Polish landowners have recently
arrived at Vienna from Volhynia, to await the
progress of events. Among them is Count Plater,
the only member of the family still at large."

CRACOW, JULY 5.
The Czas of to-day publishes an article which

says :--

"Poland is compelled to continue the struggle
for independence. The six points proposed in the
Notes of the Three Powers cannot be accepted by
the country."

The Czas considers that those who have destroyed
liberty at home will give no help to Poland, but
that the friends of liberty cannot remain indifferent,
for the subjugation of Poland would be the defeat
of liberty.
A detachment of 500 insurgents engaged the
enemy upon the Ist inst. at Kleczew, near Orzyee.
Count Mycielski defeated a Cossack detachment
on the 4th.

The Russians have pillaged the town of Radz,

wilow.

BRESLAU, JULY 4,

Intelligence received here states that numerous
detachments of Polish cavalry are hovering about
the environs of Olkusz,

Omilinski has cut to pieces a company of Russian
troops in the vicinity of the town.
LEMBERG, JULY 4.

The number of wounded insurgents brought to
Brody after the recent battle was so large that
many of them had to be taken to Zioczow.

All is quiet in the Government of Volh;nia.

EVENING.
M. de Rochebrun, the French commander of a
band of insurgents, appeared on the 28th ult., with
600 well-armed men, upon the Russian side of the
Pruth, opposite Lepczan.

Pysocki is advancing into the interior of Volby
nia, in the direction of Kremiemce.

GREECE.
VIENNA, JULY 5.
Telegrams received here from Athens to the 3d
inst. confirm the outbreak of a military revolution
in Greece.

A portion of the army, with the National Guard,
has remained faithful to the Government.
Riots have also taken place in parts of the pro

yin ces.

The English, French, and Russian Ambassadors
have succeeded in obtaining an armistice for two
days between the insurgents and the troops of the
Government in Athens.

A portion of the English fleet has been summoned
from Malta.

TURIN, JTJLT 4, EVENING.
The Italia of this evecing asserts that three
brigand chiefs recently arrested by French gen-
darmes in Rome will be transported to France.

FRANCE.

PARIS, JULY, 6.

The Paris papers of to•day publish a telegram
from Constantinople, dated sth inst., stating that
the insurrection which had broken out in Dag,,hes-
tan was spreading. The Circassians had taken
Zakatal, a fortified village.
Two Generals, one of whom was General Citianeff,
and 920 soldiers, were killed.

Mr, Roebuck and the French Emperor.

The Moniteur of to-day contains the following :
"Explanations have been rendered necessary by
an occurrence which recently took place in the
House of Commons. Messrs. Roebuck and Lind-
say visited Fontainebleau to engage the Emperor
to take official steps at London for the recognition
of the Southern States. Tne Emperor expressed
his desire see peace re-established in America,
but observed that, England having declined his
proposal of mediation the previous October, he did
not think he could submit a new proposition with-
out the certainty of its acceptance. His Majesty
stated further that his ambassador should never-
theless receive instructions to sound the English
Cabinet upon the subject, giving it to understand
that if England thought the recognition of the
South likely to put an end to tile war the Emperor
was disposed to follow her in that course. These
explanations will demonstrate that the Emperor has
not attempted, as certain publications pretend, to
influence the British Parliament by the medium of
two of its members. All that took place was a
frank interchange of opinions, in an interview which
the Emperor saw no reason to refuse."