The Sun.
London, England, 1863-06-01 00:00:00

Births.

BENTINCK.—On the 28th ult., at Warbrook, Hants, Mrs.
Arthur Cavendish Bentinck, of a son.
CHAMBERLAIN.—On the 29th ult., at 137, Westbourne4
terrace, Hyde-park, Lady Chamberlain, of twins (sons.)
GREENE.—On the 29th ult., at Lee, Kent, the wife of W.
Greene, Esq., of a daughter.
Marriages.

NAPIER—CHAPMAN.—On the 28th ult,, at Coity Church,
Bridgend, Glamorganshire, Captain Charles FrederieX
Napier, late Rifle Brigade, to Agnes Menella, the elde4
daughter of the late Edmund Chapman, barrister..at-lsvi,
Inner Temple.

THOMAS—GODFREY.—On the 29th ult., at Kentish-town'the Rev. Robert Jermain homes, B.A ,to Caroline, the
only daughter of John Godfrey, Esq., of Tansor, net'
Oundle.

Deaths.

-----
DuroN.—On the 27th ult., at Blindley• heath, Godstonet
Surrey, Mr. Thomas Dunkin, aged 73.
GRIFFIN.—_On the 28th ult ,at Northumberland. street,
Strand, G. E. Griffin, Esq:, aged 83.
POLTIMORE.—On the 29th ult., at her residence in UPPer
Brook-street, Caroline, Dowager Lady roltimore.
RANDELL—On the 29th ult., at Hawley-hill, Hants, Ili'
Randell, Esq.
RAYMOND.—At his residence,Vale-place, Ramsgate, Cora'
wander James Grant Raymond, R.N., aged 67.
SHRAPNELL.—On the 29th ult., at Byfleet, Miss Louis.
Shrapnell, aged 76.
SKEY.—On the 29th ult., suddenly, Francis Wakefield
Skey, Esq., aged 31. the
STRATFORD.-011 the 23d ult., at 40, Wilton-crescent,
Lady Emily Stratford.

London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDREW,
of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE Suri Office, No. 112,
Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of
June 1, 1861

N°. 22,129

MRS. BROTHERTON'S NEW NOVEL.
Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
RESPECTABLE SINNERS.
By MRS. BROTHERTON,

Author of " Arthur Brandon."
Hurst and Elackett, Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough-
street.

SAWYER'S FAMOUS LONDON DINNER
FOR THIS DAY.
At 2s. 6d. each Person.
SOUPS.
Macaroni Blanc. Julienne.
FISH.
Soles, sauce Anchovy. Fried Fillets of Whitings.
ENT RE ES.
Mutton Cutlets and Mushrooms. Tete de Wall, sauce
Piquant.
JOINTS.
Roast Beef. Roast Mutton.
SWEETS.
College Puddings. Sandwich Pastry.
Cheese and Salad.
An extensive and carefully selected stock of FRENCH,
RHENISH, MOSELLE, and other WINES, imported ex-
pressly for the London. Dinner.
THE LONDON, 191, FLEET-STREET.

COLOSSEUM, Regent's Park. --GRAND
ORCHESTRAL CONCERTS, under the direction of
Mr. HOWARD.—Vocalists, Mrs. Stewart Howard, Mr. Geo.
Buckland. Solo Flute, Master Churchill Arlidge (the accom-
plished Juvenile Flautist). The Orchestra will include the
gentlemen : MM. Hermann, Liberton. Mac-
kenzie, Laurie, Gouyana, Collins. Praeger, Hermann, Horton,
Nobbs, Lafleur, White, J. Arthur ()wen. Grist, Grattan
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Saunders, Pheasant, aro. (16c. CHARACTERISTIC CHAN-
SONETTES by Mdlle. JOIIANNA CLAUSSEN. L. Kins-
bergen-Maju, Professor of Magic to the King of Holland.
Admission to the whole Exhibitions and Entertainments,
One Shilling.

COLOSSEUM. Regent's Park.—Re-embelli abed.
Under New Management.—RF-OPENED for the LA ST
SEASON of the Colossal PICTURES of LONDON and
PARIS, and Grand CYCLORAMA of LISBON. Great
success of the Grand Orchestral Concerts and Special Enter-
tainments f..ir the Whitsun Holidays, which will be continued.
All the world-famed specialities of this magnificent Institu-
tion.—Admission to the whole, One Shilling; Children and
schools, half-price.—Dilly, Twelve to Five, and Seven to
Ten.—Acting Manager, Mr. A. Nimmo.

T E oxFoR 1),
6, OXFORD STREET.
Every Evening will be performed Selections from the
following Operas :

Verdi's LA FOEZA DEL DESTINO ; and
Flotow's MARTHA.

Supported by Miss Russell. Miss Townley, Sie.;
Messrs. Albert, Green, Bernardi, Finish, Kimberley, and
W. Evans, with full band and chorus.
Conducted by Mr. Jonghmans.
Drew Dean's Flute Solos
UNSWORTH, the modern Demosthenes.
Eugene, W. Randall, J. Hutchenson, and the marvellous

ARTHUR and BERTRAND.
"These two Parisian clowns have carried the art of
tumbling to apparently the highest pitch of perfection, and it
is impossible even for the most staid of visitors to avoid
being amused by their origin 'tl gambols. They elicit shouts
of laughter and applause."—Times, April 7, 1863.

CANTERBURY HALL AND
FINE ARTS GALLERY.
NOTICE.— ENTIRE CHANGE OF ENTERTAINMENT.
This Evening the Marvellous ARTHUR and BERTRAND,
the Two Fren h Clowns.

ARTHUR LLOYD'S buries hesquim. e Drama, arranged expressly
f
A. B. lIOLLINGSWORTH with his new ComicaMies, &c.
SAM COLLINS with his Songs.
17NSWORTIT, the celebrated Stump Orator.
EUGENE, DULEY, and G. MITCHINSON.

GRAND SELECTIONS from OPERAS, GLEES, and
CANTATAS.

Principal Artistes—Miss Russell, Miss Townley ; Mr. Green,
and Signor Tivoli.
Conductor, Mr. Jonghmans.
Admission--Hall, 6d. ; stalls and balcony, is.

ROYAL ALHAMBRA PALACE. The
RISARELIS, in addition to their other performances,
will give during the week a NEW ENTERTAINNIENT,
entitled LA. MAR ABELLOS A PERCHA SELLAS.

ROYAL ALHAMBRA PALACE.—The great
Spanish Gymnasts, RISARELIS and BALAGER, in
Three separate Entertainments.

ROYAL ALHAMBRA PALACE.—The grace-
ful Madame ADAMS and the amusing CONRADE
Clowns.

ROYAL ALHAMBRA PALACE.—Varied
MUSICAL ENTERTAINMENT, by Messrs. Parkin-
son, Vernon, Riaby, Bartleman ; Misses M'Gregor, Mrs.
Brian ; Messrs. Brian and Cunley, Weiland, &a.

ARGYLL ROOM S.-JULLIEN'S
PROMENADE CONCERTS.
NOTICE.—Dori' g the Week the Selections will be—"
Trovatore "—" La Huguenots "—" Forza del Destino,"
dm, at Eleven o'clock.
Jullien's Grand Descriptive Galop,
THE DERBY,
To be dedicated to the Owuer of the Winning Horse.
LEVY, the great wonder on the Cornet-a-Piston, plays
from half-past Nine to Twelve.
Admission, is.

29, GEORGE-STREET, HANOVER-SQUARE.
SHE LONDON ANATOMICAL MUSEUM,
(Private Entrance, 44A, Maddox-street, Rezent-street),
containing upwards of 1,200 Models, Natural Preparations,
Monstrosities, ,tc., illustrating every part of the Human
Frame ; also the Moving Anatomical Dying Zouavc, Julia
Pastrana, and other life-size figures. Admission, One
ihilling (for Gentlemen only), from 11 till 10. Lecture at
Four.

RO lAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT
INSTITUTION

(Incorporated by Royal Ch atter).
I'ATROFESS-Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen.
FRE SIDENT —Vice-Admiral the Duke of Northumberland,

KG., F.R.S.
CHAIRMAN—Thos. Raring, Fsq., V.P.
DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN—Thomas Chapman, Esq., F.R.S., V.P.

THE CONFEDERATE STATES.

(From the Special Correspondent of the Times.)
RICHMOND, April 18.
If, in the discharge of my office, I am continually
impressed by the inability of all contemporary
writers adequately to seize the lessons and under- i
stand the moral of this war, there is one point which
stands so boldly and prominently out that he who
runs may read. It is that Federal success is every-
where in the inverse ratio to Federal incubation ;
that where month after month is given to elaborate
preparation, and the soaring genius of the New
York press essays its loftiest flights of vaticination,
the mountains in labour never fail to produce the
proverbial mouse. If at any time success has at-
tended Yankee enterprise it has been where in some
exceptional instance vigorous and energetic men
have struck boldly in without counting the cost, or
waiting to call all the world to witness the throes
and convulsions of the labouring mountain, What
would have been the result if, in the first instance,
without waiting for turreted monsters and all the
Behemoths of the New York, Herald, the Federals
had attacked every Southern harbour with wooden
vessels and launches, and had made up by rapidity,
übiquity, and pertinacity of attack for scantiness of
preparation, is now beyond a peradventure. At no
Southern ports for the first six, months of the war
was there enough gunpowder to keep up a bom-
bardment of six hours; the teeth of Charleston, Mo-
bile, Savannah, and Wilmington might have been
drawn,snd the cities captured more easily than New
Orleans; the vast supplies which have been sucked
in through the blockade would never have greased
the wheels of the rebellion; the Confederate army
would long ago have been standing savagely at bay
in the mountains of North Carolina or in the inte-
rior of Texas. Not such was the Yankee conception
of the war. Colossal contracts had to be issued, full
flight given to the costly researches of empirical
ingenuity, a vast continent, cradled in the lap of 50
years of peace and unprecedented material pros-
perity had to don its armour, and transfer its alle-
giance from Minerva to Bellona, and the precious
time lost in this change of service has never been
recovered. If, as I have often previously remarked,
the power of Northern offence increased one hun-
dredfold, the energy and resource of Southern resis-
tance increased pan posu a thousandfold. And
now, on the threshold of the third year of the war,
the disparity between the land forces of the two
sections scarcely amounts to more than that infini-
tesimal proportions described by chemists as " a
trace;" so that it needs no prophet to foretell that
in a few weeks the Federals may find themselves at
bay and on the defensive, while the Confederates,
leaving behind them the desolate wilderness of hap-
less Virginia, may be advancing into a country which
lies like the garden of Eden at their feet.
It will have been known to your readers, long be-
fore the arrival of this letter, that the attack on
Charleston, which commenced on the 7th inst., and
was on that day kept up with vigour for nearly three
hours by nine Federal iron-plated vessels, was aban-
doned, finally as some think, upon the afternoon of
the 12th. Of these vessels, the " new Ironsides," a
80i-distant seaworthy frigate, nominally the rival
of the Warrior and La Gloire, and mounting 16
heavy guns, two of them rifled 100-pounders, was
reputed by far the most formidable. Built somewhat
like the iron-clad gunboats of the Mississippi, though
with less shelving sides, looming up the harbour
large and low, like an immense house with a roof
flat at the ridge, and then sloping steeply both ways
—the house itself submerged in water up to the
rain pipes under the eaves—the Ironsides slowly
and majestically advanced in the van of the attack-
ing squadron, carrying the flag of Admiral Dupont,
and impressing all spectators with the conviction
that, if the success of this day's attack upon Charles-
ton were commensurate with the anticipations of
some of the assailants, the advance of Admiral
Dupont's frigate into action was likely to be cele-
brated in song and story when Collingwood's bold
onslaught at Trafalgar had been forgotten. Be-
hind the Ironsides advanced in two lines her lesser
sisters of the deep—seven of the Ericsson Monitors,
each with one revolving turret and two guns, built
upon a design and in a fashion with which your
readers have long been familiar, and one new aspi-
rant to the honours of invulnerability in the shape
of the double turreted Keokuk, called also the
Whitney battery. The turrets of the Keokuk do
not revolve, but in each a heavy gun is fixed, one of
them throwing, I believe, an 11-inch, the other a
15-inch shut or shell. The solemnity of the scene,
as these mailed pioneers of a new system of nautical
warfare wore slowly in towards Fort Sumter, their
pests closed, their exterior presenting no sign of life
or action, their propelling power unseen, their tre-
mendous guns withdrawn from view, forced the
I blood through the heart of the spectators in long
and quickening pulsations. Suddenly " the long
roll" beat to arms in Fort Sumter, the crescent and
palmetto tree of the sovereign State of South Caro-
lina rose side by aide with the stars and bars of the
infant Confederacy, and as the twin flags flung
themselves out upon the breeze the well-known na-
tional air of Dixie rang out its defiance, and the pain-
ful silence was broken by a salute of 13 guns from
the fort. Everywhere along the wharves of Char-
leston, upon the sea-wall of the battery, on the
tops of every house commanding the harbour,
spectators of both sexes stood eagerly observant;
while the student of history, had be possessed calm-
ness enough at such a moment, might have recalled
Thucydides' thrilling description of the Pirseus when
the ill-omened Sicilian expedition went forth
freighted with the prayers and aspirations of the
entire population of Athens, impotent though they
were to avert its inexorable doom.
Northwards, in the direction of Sullivan's Island,
the Ironsides continues the even tenor of her way,

target of 256 yards, sent a wrought•irou bolt weigh-
ing 1201 b., proTecfed by: 201 b. of powder, clean
through Bin. of iron strapped upon 22in. of oak.
The rifling of the gun is very slow and gradual, there
being but one complete turn in a length of 33ft.; so
that in each gun, assuming an average length of
about 10ft., the rifling reaches but one-third of a
turn. The efficacy of the-wrought iron bolt, smooth

and polished as a knife blade, is very highly com-
mended.

Your readers will long, ago have learnt that on
the morning of the Bth, the Keokuk sunk not far
from Morris Island, that the same day one of the
Ericesson Monitors was towed off to Port Royal in
an obviously crippled condition, and that the pumps
of the Ironsides after the action were at work night
and day. The presumption is that Admiral Dupont
sent off a vessel to Washington to announce the re-
sults of his attack on the 7th, and that he lay in the
harbour, out of range of Fort Sumter and the other
batteries, until orders from Washington reached him.
No one who is acquainted with Admiral Dupont
entertains the slightest doubt that he offered, if it
pleased the attorney-statesmen of Washington to
give such orders, to renew the attack on Fort Sumter,
although it may have been the Admiral's opinion
that in that case all his other ironclads would be
sunk. Upon the 12th thelmessenger from Washing.
ton is believed to have returned, and the rest of the ,
squadron was withdrawn from Charleston harbour.
It should be stated that, with the exception of the
Ironsides, which lay at anchor during the whole
engagement of the 7th, the remaining vessels kept
circling round in a kind of war dance, and deliver-
ing their fire against Fort Sumter with such rapi-
dity as they could attain. But the disparity of
force wielded by the attack and the defence cannot
better be shown than by stating that in less than
three hours the Canfederates fired altogether more
than 2,000 shots, of which at least 600 are believed
to have struck the Federal vessels, whereas it is not
believed that an aggregate of 200 shots was de-
livered by the attacking squadron. So true was
the remark long ago made by Admiral Dupont that
the Federal Government, having built all these new-
fangled iron vessels, had nothing else to do but to
build iron men to man them. The evidence is abun-
dant that each shot fired from the Monitors is in-
finitely more damaging to the projectors than to the
recipients. The stunning, deafening shock of an
enormous gun discharged within so small a space as
a confined turret, the concussion imparted to the
g among the men on
which make it bveo vessel, , a aresie
kdneesscsr i
and
asfaintness
im-
possible to fire another gun for 20 minutes. In
addition, the hammering of the exterior coat of these
vessels by vertical, glancing, and pointblank bolts
and projectiles of every variety is described as in-
effably distressing, and that no man who has once
been exposed to it retains the least taste for a repe-
tition of his experiences. In conclusion, it is safe
to assert that the rash empiricism which is so emi-
nently characteristic of the Anglo-American has
resulted, as regards his iron-clad vessels, in such a
failure as calm and sagacious and experienced men
had never ceased to presage. There are naval men
by dozens who openly proclaim that old-fashioned
wooden ships-of-war would have done more damage
to Fort Sumter, and received less injury themselves,
than the iron prodigies of the Yankees. How many
of these vessels are still sea-worthy and capable of
another fight remains to be seen ; bat it is certain
that the accommodation and resources for repairing
iron vessels at Port Royal must be limited in the
extreme. My belief is that not more than one-half
of the iron-clad vessels which attacked Charleston
will be again available for aggressive purposes until
they have returned to Philadelphia and New York,
and that the vulnerability of all- those mailed
monsters, out of which has been made a rod where-
with to scourge and terrify all foreign nations, is
incontrovertibly established. If, at 900 yards the
Keokuk could be sunk, at 1,200 the Ironsides so
crippled that she never threw more than a single
broadside, that the Monitors damaged to an extent
that will not, perhaps, be known to the public for
many months to come, but which must have been
considerable, what would be the fate of such vessels
at There is evidence that if the
vessels
P
silenced Fort Sumter and got by
the point-blank
otherd h
cou
batteriesl rangeave
the intention of the Federals was

topoint at the mouth of the Cooper and
wnd occupyo a
rivers, called llobcaw Point, from which
a
Charleston itself could be shelled, and to which
Federal troops could be brought by the road lead-
ing down from Bull's Bay to the north edge of
Charleston harbour. It seems to have been thought
that the Confederates could not have thrown troops
from the south to the north of Charleston harbour
if the harbour itself was held by the Federal gun-
boats, and that the marshes to the north and east
of the Cooper would have averted an attack on
Hobeaw Point by land. It is hardly worth speculat
ing upon "ifs," but it is abundantly evident that

APPEAL.

The Committee of Management have to state that, since
'he beginning of the year 1860, the Royal National Lifeboat
Institution has expended £32,000 on various Lifeboat Estab-
lishments on the Coasts of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
The number of lives saved by the Life-boats of the
Society, and other means, since its formation, is 12,800;
for which services 82 Gold Medals, 718 Silver Medals, and
£16,480 in cash have been paid in rewards. The Institu-
tion has also expended .£67,P00 on Life-boats, Life-boat
Transporting-carriages, and Boat-houses.
The Committee desire to express their grateful sense of
the generous support which they have received from the
British public during the past few years, a support which
has enabled them to establish their present magnificent fleet
of 123 Lifeboats on the shores of the United Kingdom.
Deeply sensible, however, of the great responsibility that
rests on them to maintain their fleet in a thoroughly efficient
state, and its Crews practised in the management of their
boats, whili can only be effected by a large and permanent
annual income, they earnestly appeal to all classes of their
countrymen to aid them in upholding and perpetuating so
great and truly national a work.
The Committee gratefully acknowledge the following con-
tributions :

£ a. d
Her Majesty the Queen • • • • • • annual 50 0 0
Campbell, the Hon. Mrs. G. .. .. annual 5 0 0
Clerk, Colonel, R.A. .• • • .. annual 11 0
Coutts and Co., Messrs., Bankers .. annual 10 0 0
Currie, Wm., Esq., 4th don.lo 0 0
Erle, Lord Chief Justice .. don. 10 10 0
Fanshawe, Vice-Admiral Sir A., K.C.B. 2d don. 25 0 0
Fenwick, G. J., Esq , cost of a Lifeboat and Tran-
sporting Carriage .. .. 250 0 0
Harvey, Rev. G. G. and Mrs. .. don. 30 0
Martin, Sir Henry, Bart. .. 7th don. 10 0 0
Moore, Rev. G. B. • • • • .. • . (lon. 15 15 0
Smith, Mrs. George, Greenwich .. 3 0 0
Stirling, Col. Sir Anthony, K.C.B. .. annual 2 0 0
Thomas, Lady, Weston-super-Mare, collected by her
Ladyship 16 16 0
Willoughby d'Eresby, Lord .. .. annual 5 0 0
Donations and Annual Subscriptions will be thankfully re-
-eived by the Bankers of the Institution, Messrs. Willis,
Percival, and Co., 76, Lombard-street; Messrs. Coutts and
Co., 59, Strand; Messrs. Berries, Farquhar, and Co., 16, St.
James's-street, London; by all the Collectors of Customs
and Bankers in the UnitedlUngdom ; and by the Secretary
Richard Lewis, Esq., at the Office of the Institution, 14,
John-street, Adelphi, London, W.C.

until at a distance of not much more than 1,000
yards from the island she curves slightly inwards
towards Fort Sumter and lets fall her anchor, being
afraid, from her large draught of water, to advance
further. Almost simultaneously the first flash from
the Sullivan's Island batteries launches iron messen-
gers against the tough ribs of the frigate, and is fol-
lowed speedily by the louder report of the barbette
guns of fort Sumter. To the latter, from a distance
of about 1,200 yards, the Ironsides responds with
her broadside of seven guns. The iron hail crasher=
against the sea face of the fort, the bricks crumble
and fly from the parapet into the air ; one shell

strikes a bricked-up port-hole and tears through a
weak spot into the interior, but it is at once seen

ANEVER FAILING REMEDY.-
Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre-
pared without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr.
,t,cott, of Bromley, Kent, will be found invaluable to all who
Puffer from bilious and Aver complaints, indigestion, wind,
'Palms, giddiness, 6 izziness of the eyes, &o. For habitual
costiveness, as a family aperient medicine, and as a purifier
of the blood, they are truly excellent; mild in their opera-
tion and grateful to the stomach, they create appe• ite, pro-
mote digestion and strengthen the whole nervous system.
LondoYnW. Lambert, 8, King William-street, Charing-cross.
thrice tfiand
nudity in one.
by most druggists, in boxes,ls. lid., and three
Scott's ••-q 29 9d. Be sure to ask for Dr.
Bilious and I I p •genuine are a square
green paoi",,.. . . ver ills. The
stamp. ''''' 'lab " William Lambert," engraved on the

that the boasted efficacy of the enormous globes of
iron has been greatly exaggerated, and that they
are vastly less formidable than was imagined. I am
assured that in no instance was the penetration of
the shot upon the face of the fort deeper than 20
inches, or the surface of brickwork displaced larger
than could be spanned by a circle with a diame-
ter of less than five feet. As the Ironsides pauses
in her course, her lighter companies stand boldly
in closer to the fort, against which, in despnir of in-

OYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn'road,
LI) in the immediate vicinity t
Northern Rail-
way
Terminus, at
King's
-CTOSS.
Patron—The QUEEN.
President—The Duke of DUCCLEUCH,
Treasurer—Edward Alasterman, Esq.
This was the first hospital to introduce the principle of free
and instant admission to the destitute sick, without the for-
mality of governors' letters. It is entirely devoted to desti-
tution in its most pitiable form—viz., that which is accom-
pcnied by sickness and disease, and is now of sufficient
magnitude that, with adequate support, it may be rendered
capable of admitting into its wards a very large proportion of
the casual sick of this great metropolis. It
_requires but the
funds in order to have 500 beds available for the reception of
these the most wretched of our fellow-creatures. Moreover,
it (rratuitously affords medical advice and medicine to more,
on the average, than 3,000 out-patients a week.
The Weekly Board feel it their Imperative duty to make an
EARNEST APPEAL to the public for continued suppqrt,
to enable them to vdmit and relieve the distressing- cases that
daily present themselves.
Contributions are received by the Treasurer, Edward
Mas,erman, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and
Co. ; Drummond and Co. ; }Terries and Co. ; Ransom and
Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co. ; Glyn
and Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denison
and Co. ; W lliams, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and
Co.; Nisbet and Co. ; Messrs. J. Barned and Co., Liverpool
and at the Hospital.

juring the sand batteries of Sullivan's and Morris
Islands, their principal onslaught is directed.
Boldest of all, as drawing least water, the Keokuk
advances within 900 yards of the fort. Upon her at
one e time the concentrated fire of Fort Sumter and
the Brooke u
tnarnthe works on the two islands played simul-
and the product o
1, "°.Y, but it is believed that the shot from
which she received her from
Tredegar f earn
Confederates coups de e grace emanated
foundry—the
Works
rnk,s tahte
Richmond. invention
cer,iiaslong been favourably known to nautical men as the
inventor of the Brooke's deep
tus. In a future letter I will endeavour
sounding appara-
efir
to give y pur
readers fuller particulars of the Brooke
ebullitionst
gun, suffice
it for the present to say that in th
of Confederate exultation in regard to
fo 0 Charlestonk e ui t
is claimed that against iron mailing the B
n
has not its equal upon earth. At an experimentg
conducted four days ago in the neighbourhood of
this city, one or these guns, at a distance from the

STANFORD S. SMITH, Secretary.

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„.„1,:, _ . t

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 1, 1863,

while looking another in the face. In Kentucky
those who wish to arrest the gravitation of that
State towards the Confederacy openly employ the
argument that, whereas there is no doubt that the
Federal debt will be repudiated, there is a reasonable
probability the Confederate debt will be grappled
with and the interest paid. There is no clearer
indication that the end is not yet than the price of
gold. It is idle to pretend that out of the 20,000,000
in the North there are 1,000,000 believers in the
subjugation of the South, nor can disingenuous
sophistry any longer pretend to maintain that any
other expedient than subjugation can bring the
South back. What will be the price of gold when
les chases touchent a la fin your readers can guess as
well as I. But it is obvious that if gold can be
kept down long enough to permit Yankee merchants
to run more goods into Charleston, what the Federals
have lost in meal by their repulse before that city
they will gain in malt by the maintenance of illicit
trade therewith.

Meanwhile, over the vast surface of this conti-
nent the war goes fiercely forward. A few weeks
since, when General Grant's baffled army was re-
moved from before Vicksburg, and the various col-
lateral approaches through the Yazoo Pass and Lake
Providence and elsewhere had been found impracti-
cable, it was believed that General Grant's army
would be added to General Rosecrans's, and that
together they would strive to bear down General
Johnston by weight of numbers. New counsels ap-
'7ear to have prevailed since that time at Memphis.
Time is precious; yet a few weeks and the swamps
of the Mississippi will throw Walcheren into the
shade. If any fresh attempt upon Vicksburg is
to be made before next Christmas, it must be made
in the next 60 days. Accordingly, it is believed
that a considerable force of Federal troops have
been marched from Milliken's-bend op the right
bank of the Mississippi to New Carthage, 120 miles
below. New Carthage, on the right bank, is situate
between Warrenton and Grand Gulf on the left, at
both which places the Confederates have heavy
batteries. In order to support and assist these land
forces, the Hartford and Albatross have come up,
running past the batteries at Port Hudson, and five
Federal vessels out of eight which undertook the
enterprise have run down, passing the batteries at
Vicksburg. The probability seems that this flotilla
of seven vessels, assisted by land batteries from the
right bank, will endeavour to silence the Confederate
s
actrbsi
nhinaamsadrteLitnelteynothrout:i
wlhiemyssaahi
aatuceanrartctaneahhW,
et
ettbht
ioaheevbr
yewerlmmeo
which
utnrceoepdhs nbhod,
noedie
stunsehtviltprdeepi
aenl
rrdlfkei
at tgpsmlobbleayenuarl
ntraet
ttgndl
Th. dGefioc
et
rkNcnr
officer,soioeobtonrt upahf
resl
iagdnAnK:tgihgr
aeararbtrbi
ap-
parently
y
s
righthand man, Prince Polignac, now a Brigadier
General, have recently been consigned, there is
activity, anticipative of the great heats of summer,
among the Federals. The scene of action is along
a river called the Bayou Teche, and a heavy force
of Federal troops has driven General Taylor (the
son of President Zachary Taylor, and brother to the
first wife of President Davis) back to New Iberia,
and a junction between the Federal forces in ques-
tion and other under General Banks on the Missis-
sippi, is thought likely to be effected through the
Plaquemin Pass. Possibly an attempt to march
these troops above Port Hudson and then to carry
them up by boat to take part on the onslaught upon
Vicksburg may be made. Another theory is that
it is designed to march troops from Southern
Lousiana up to Alexandria on the Red River
(about 100 miles by water and 60 miles by land
from its mouth) and to destroy the gunboats which
it is suspected that the Confederates are building
upon that stream. The head-quarters of General
Kirby Smith are at Alexandria, and it has been for
some time the principal Confederate depot in that
region. Be this as it may, there is but one feeling
here with regard to all these moves in the neigh-
bourhood of the Mississippi,—lt is that " le jeu ne
vaut pas la chandelle." No possible success of the
Federals in that quarter would change the ineradi-
cable sentiment of the rebel heart and make com-
merce with the Yankees a possibility. So long as
the war lasts, and the Confederates are driven by
pressure of want to buy goods anywhere that they
are obtainable in Secessia, smuggled Yankee com-
modities may command purchasers ; when the war
ceases it is hardly necessary to say that with it
ceases also the market in the South for Yankee
manufactures. The great products of the West—
its pork and bacon, its Indian corn and wheat and
flour—will continue to find their way to Southern
. markets, but, putting sectional animosities aside,
how will the cutlery, the cotton manufactures, and
the woollen fabrics of New England bear the corn
petition of Europe ?

APRIL 22.

the landing of Federal troops in Bull's Bay and their
descent upon Charleston harbour from the north
would be a most perilous venture. The more the
approaches to and defences of Charleston are
studied, the more defensible does it appear. The

long delay in the Federal preparations, their reli.
ance upon mechanical ingenuity, rather than upon
bulldog courage, have given their opponents time
to turn Charleston, Savannah, Mobile, Wilmington,
Vicksburg, Port Hudson, and Richmond into
almost impregnable fortresses, which could not be
carried by any soldiers upon earth without fearful
loss, and which are little likely to be attacked by
men fighting with so little heart as is every where
exhibited by the mercenaries of Mr. Lincoln,
APRIL 19.

A delay in the expedition of this letter enables
rue to add a postscript. In many other quarters as
well as in Louisiana there is activity of operations.
In North Carolina the Confederate General D. H.
Hill has been for many days besieging a town
called Washington, situate on the Tar River, and
held by a body of Federals under General Foster.
The exact purpose of General Hill's operations has
been, I believe, to hold the Federals within their
intrenchments while foraging parties of Confede-
rates scoured the adjoining counties of North Caro-
lina and carried off large amounts of bacon and
it is announced that General
corn. This morning
Hill has reised the siege of Washington and fallen
back, so that either his purpose has been gained
and his forage secured, or he has received tidings of
the approach of Federal reinforcements, and has
fallen back to his own selected ground to await
them ; the former supposition being, I believe, the
truth. Simultaneously, a considerable enterprise
has been undertaken by General Longstreet, at the
head of a large body of Confederate troops,of which
the main object also is to secure the large stores of
bacon and corn which are to be found in the coun-
ties of North Carolina which are adjacent to the
Chowan river. Gen. Longstreet has advanced on
the Federal intrenchments which stretch in front of
the town of Suffolk from Nasemond river on the
right to the Dismal Swamp or the left, and is 'ee-
-1 lieved to have got sonic troops in between the right
flank of the Federals and the Nansemond. Exagge-
rated reports of Gen. Longstreet's purposes and of
his numbers have appeared in the Northern press,
and Gen. Hooker has thrown heavy reinforcements
into Norfolk and Yorktown. It is understood the
purpose of Gen. Longstreet is to hold the Federals
within their lines while forage and railroad iron is
secured throughout North Carolina, and not to fight
unless the Federals come out to meet him. It is
very possible, now that large reinforcements have
swelled the Federal numbers, that there may be a
fight. Among Gen. Longstreet's troops are two of
the best divisions in the army, Gen. Hood's and
Gera Pickett's, and also a new division, at the head
of which has been placed Gen. Jenkins, of South
Carolina. I have perfect faith that Gen. Longstreet,
backed and supported by such subordinates, will
give a good account of his opponents. Lastleainth
vicinity of 'Williamsburg Gen. Wise, formerlyfe
Go-
vernor of Virginia, but who has now trarnvsiceriendthhies
eager and impulsive energy to e,ctiKdseral forces in
field, has made a descent up
that neighbourhood, and has°llcotiseiderably fluttered
Everywhere in the
the doves in Yorktown.
proximity of Richmond the Confederates have
taken the initiative, except in the case of General
Lee, who still lies with his fine army at Frederick-
burg, heartily hoping that General Hooker, stimu•
lated by ceaseless messages from Washington, will
respond to the call for an encore at Fredericksburg,
as General Pope responded at Bull Run.
belief is that it will be in
But my the West be-
tween the two large and growing armies of Gene-
ral Johnston and General Rosecrans, that the
mightiest struggle will take place, Great have been
the efforts to reinforce both armies, and, unless some
strange infatuation prevails, a large portion of the
immense army now obeying General Beauregard's

Our intelligence from the North, discarding all
the
mention of a " reconnoissance," and admitting an
undeniable failure and repulse before Charleston,
and the abandonment of any intention to renew the
op inis
attack "at
whichis beginning
present"
to b
but to strengthen
very generally
held in the South, that the Federals are continuing
this war, not with the faintest hope or expectation
of triumph, but to gain some unseen and collateral
advantages.Somete people imagine that their object
is indulgence of vindictive revenge
nothing
but h
and baffled spite. But there is more reason for
thinking that the chief aim and purpose of the war
is the maintenance of the very extensive, indirect,
and surreptitious trade which has everywhere
sprung up between Secessia and Yankeedom. Facts
have been mentioned to me, and proofs amounting
forthcoming,abo pregnant with
die about "permits," and
the obstructiveness
almostsecoldo es sut or
eodemonstrationsf
aebigo
nn
tatbibb lwo
nhke
raedbey,
thereof may be removed, and the old commercial de-
pendence of Richmond and the South upon New
pthhsi.a, It is clearly seen that
and Cincinnati pro-
logiY otrghkeedbßyl oeoctsktfoaondr ea Pi
fsehlwii lfan lifted and the war stops, English
and French goods will flood Secessia, to the exclu-
sion of Yankee merchandise, which is at once costly
and execrable. Here will be the knotty point for
some new Congress of Paris to settle. It is a blockade
which can notoriously be evaded by bribery admi-
nistered by the citizens of the Power which main-
tain it to be recognised by foreign nations P Is the
legal maxim that no party is to be permitted to de-
rive benefit from his own wrong to be enforced in
regard to individuals and waived in regard to na-
tions? Fancy the indignation of the rest of the
world, and notably of the Mr. Seward and Mr.
Adams of the hour, if France was blockaded by
England, and it was notorious that citizens of
London could purchase permits from the Admiralty
to run vessels through the blockade, while
vessels of all other foreign nations were, as far as
possible, excluded from French ports ! There is
another great reason for prolonging the war. The
c,,ssation of the war and the worthlessness of " green-
bac)." 8"
are convertible terms. It is scarcely possible
that ar:vwhere in the North one man should be able
to mainia:
n to another that anything but repudiation
awaits the .1-Torthern debt with more gravity than,
according to Gt:b°l3' .
t
oue soothsayer exhibit exh

PRICK.... -..4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

orders at Charleston will be transferred to the corn- '
mend of General Johnston at Tullahoma. I am still
apprehensive that at best the Confeeerates will not
be able to fight more than a level battle at Tulla-
homa; but, after all, such a battle is all that they
want. What will be the Effect upon the tactics of
the North when during the month of May 200,000
of their best men go out of service it is hard to say ;
but curious specalations are indulged on this sub
ject here. IF the war advances with anything like
equality of success, there will, before three months
have passed, be imported into the strife new de-
ments, with respect to which it is not necessary to
say more than that they will incline !the balance
more than ever to the Confederate side. I have
never thought it necessary to enlarge upon the topic
of the lifting of the blockade of Charleston, of Gal-
veston, and of Sabine Pass by superior force of the
Confederates. It is apparent to everybody that
such questions will be judged, not in accordance
with broad and guiding principles of such an zgnis
fatuus as international law, but in accordance with
the inclination of the nation sitting in judgment.
Whatever may have been the case at Charleston, it
would be idle for Mr, Seward to deny that the
blockade at Galveston was lifted for many days,
and it was renewed in a fashion not not pre-
scribed by Vattel and Hautefeuillo. Still few
persons on this continent believe that Eng-
land or any other European Power would
undertake war with a moribund and irritated Power
because the blockade of an obscure and remote port
was broken and then unorthodoxly renewed. But,
none the less, the time is not far distant when ana-
logous questions will exact the judgment of the
British Cabinet, under circumstances more peremp-
tory and instant, and in reference to more important
places than Galveston. It has been seen that the
despised Confederates have produced a gun which
is vastly superior to the product of the blatant and
self-confident mechanics of the North. It has been
seen that the iron-plated vessels, the growth of two
years of boastful efforts, are a delusion and a snare.
A few months more will show whether on their own
element the Yankees are such autocrats as they
imagine.
Considerable uneasiness was last week felt in
well-informed quarters in regard to the health of
President Davis. The President has had a very
severe bronchial affection, and his cough has been
exhaustive and distressing. He is, happily, con-
siderably better, and those who know him best say
that he is vastly stronger than he appears, and that be
is immeasurably better than when he was elected to
the post which he has so ably filled. It is impossible
that a man of strong character and prejudices should
escape unpopularity or give universal satisfaction ;
but increasing knowledge of the President and of
the difficulties he has had to contend with fills
me daily with more admiration of his calmness,
sagacity, patience, and indomitable moral courage.
There is no calculable sum at which the value
of his life at this moment to the landed Confederacy
could be adequately estimated. Unlike most of his
countrymen, the President's habits are healthy, and
his practice is to ride about 20 miles on horseback
almost daily. The extreme lateness and coldness of
the spring have had an unfavourable influence upon
the President's bronchitis, and have arrested the
early growth of spring grass, which is so much
needed for the half-starved horses of the army at
Frederickburg.