The Sun.
London, England, 1839-11-07 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION.

..........--.
that many more are lying in the fields, or carried over
the hills by their comrades. It appears that a
deserter from the 29th Regiment, now stationed
at Newport, had drilled and organised the rioters ;
though, judging from the mode of their con-
ducting the attack against the Westgate Hotel,
neither he, nor any of the other rioters, can
be said to have possessed any military tkill. Frost and
Waiters are committed to Monmouth goal for sedition
and treason. Many papers were found at Frost's house,
and other papers were found in the house of Partridge,
a printer, where he was arrested. Our correspondent
I says that evidence of an extensive and formidable orga-
-Inization has been obtained. Formidable it could not
well be, from the utter absence of talent indicated by
the whole proceedings. However, the plans of the par-
ties will soon be known, when we have no doubt it will
be seen that the whole has been as much characterized
by stupidity as by wickedness. Calamitous as the result
has been, it will not be without its advantage in the les-
son it will furnish to the working classes. In no part
of the country could an organization be formed, with
so little interruption, as in a district where the lower
orders speak almost universally a language unknown
to the educated crasses. In no part of the country
is there such facility for obtaining arms as in a dis-
trict of iron-works. The population are numerous,
too, and naturally brave to temerity. Yet we have
seen with how much facility a multitude of many thou-
sands, tolerably armed, have been discomfited by a
mere handful of soldiers. The working classes will see
from this, that, in trusting to numbers without 'unitary
skill, they merely involve themselves and families in
ruin. There never was in the history of the world a
successful insurrection of mere working men. There is
no part of the country in which there is so great a
demand for labour, and in which wages are so high, as
in the mining districts of South Wales. A common
labourer receives twenty-two shillings and upwards
a- week. Necessity, therefore, cannot be said to
be the cause of the disturbances. From the
advantages possessed by South Wales, in the
command of iron and coal, a large population
has grown up as it were by enchantment. Our Contem-
porary (the Courier) speaks of the population of Mer-
thyr Tydvil as being 30,000. We are assured by per-
sons, intimately acquainted with that place, that the in-
habitants within the parliamentary borough amount now
to between 60,000 and 70,000 ; but the parliamentary
borough cannot be said to comprise the whole town.
In fact, the growth of Merthyr Tydvil is more rapid
than that of any town in the United States. In con-
versing lately with a great proprietor of iron works, he
described the workmen as particularly active and natu-
rally clever, but IT the most part unacquainted with
Leglish. They were, however, exceedingly anxious to
I obtain knowledge ; and such as knew English were vain
i of the acquisition. All were desirous that their children
should be taught English. Advantage ought to have
been taken of this thirst for knowledge ; and it reflects
no great credit on the successive governments of this
country, that a large population should have been suf-
fered to accum_,ate in this mining district with no pro-
fvision for dispelling their ignorance.

(FlO3l TIE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.)
(From the Globe.)
The inhabitants of Canterbury have hastened to
vindicate themselves from the bare possibility of being
deemed sharers in, or approvers of, the sentiments
and language in which Mr. Bradshaw, one of the
Representatives of that city, indulged at a recent
meeting of the Canterbury Conservative Associa-
tion. The disloyalty and violence which pervaded
the speech of the " Protestant Member," for Canter-
bury, responded to, as they were, by his clerical and
lay supporters, have called forth a spontaneous burst
of indignation from John-o'Gront's to the Land's
End ; and Canterbury, where the vile outrage was
perpetrated, has been with propriety the first to address
the Queen ott the subject, an example which will be
promptly followed by many other parts of the empire
where the like provocation may be hazarded. The ultra-
Tories nursed the Chartist infant into strength. They
furnished the incendiary orators with matter for the
speeches with which they first inflamed the passions of the
ignorant and suffering masses of the population, and thus
prepared them for the promptings to violence which they
afterwards employed. The columns of the Tory Press
were the sources whence Oastler and Stephens derived
their alleged facts and their destructive doctrines. The
" dagger and the torch" were recommended to the masses
by these demagogues as the most direct remedies for the
evils they were taught to believe were inflicted on them
by the unequal distribution of property.
(From the Courier.)
The Chartist movement in South Wales has com-
menced with a fury which seems to have taken the Go-
vernment by surprise, and yet exhibits a degree of long pre-
vious preparation and organization which will leave their
ignorance, if ignorant they were, without excuse. From
the accounts in another part of our paper it will be seen
that this insurrection, for it cannot be softened down
=to a mere riot, has been marshalled upon a most
formidable footing, that an almost entire population has
been embarked in it, a population proverbially excite-
able, and easily rendered, by wrongs real or imaginary,
as hot as their own furnaces. In estimating the ex.
tent of the actual danger to be yet apprehended, for
we.are far from thinking this first explosion of Newport
to be the end as well as the beginning, and in estimating
also the consequences which may require measures of
foresight and prevention, we must not omit to take into
account the peculiar character and habits of the people
at large, in conjunction with the special features of the
locality. The town of Newport itself is a rising sea-
port, at the foot of that range of mountains forming the
great mineral basins of Monmouth and Glamorgan, and
from its harbour, conjointly with Cardiff, are shipped
the immense mass of iron and coal produced by the
mines, and worked up in the ironworks with
which those two counties are so numerously studded.
Large working populations are congregated about
the respective seats of these different collieries, but
more especially the ironworks, established on a scale so
vast, and involving individual properties of amounts so
1/2 enormous, as to be without parallel in the mining in-
; dustry of the whole world. The town of Merthyr alone,
about 30 miles from Newport,' comprehending Dow-
lais, with which it is incorporated, as Westminster with
London, contains a population of about 30,000, almost
all employed in the mines and ironworks, and a more
ignorant, desperate, and, we might almost add, a more
disaffected population cannot be found in the empire.
Amidst materials so combustible, Chartism could not
fail to find the widest range of fuel.
(From the Standard.)
We have collected elsewhere all the details of
theinsurrection in South Wales that have as yet
reached town. The later accounts represent the
movement as even more serious and extensive
than it appeared to be in the first accounts. It
seems to be certain that the number arrayed
against the law exceeded ten or fifteen thousand, and
that though many had been sacrificed, the insurrection
was far from being suppressed. On Tuesday morning
several towns besides Newport were at that time
threatened by armed bodies, in great forces chiefly
consisting of miners and persons engaged in the ex-
tensive iron-works of the surrounding neighbour-
hood. The present leader in this local rebellion is
Frost, one of Lord John Russell's Municipal Magis-
trates for Newport, a proof of the Noble Lord's judg-
ment in selecting guardians for the public peace, and
of the wisdom of that municipal system which pre-
sented such a person to the notice of the Executive.
Let this be remembered, when the Irish Municipal
Bill shall next engage the attention of Parliament and
of the public. As to any danger to the stability of our in-
stitutions, or to the general peace of the country, from
this insane and wicked outbreak, we dismiss all appre-
hension. Her Majesty's gallant and faithful troops,
aided by the loyalty of the higher and middle classes,
and of the agricultural population, are quite strong
enough to restore the ascendancy of law and order in a
few days. Even in the most disturbed districts, the
lesson, too,'may lead to a more permanent tranquillity.
and to repentance on the part of those who have vio7
lated the peace of the country.

SWIMMING EXTRAORDINARY.—There is now
to be seen at Stourton Lodge, near Leeds, a chicken
which has abandoned the habits of its kind, and formed
such a strong attachment to a brood of ducklings, as
even to accompany them into the pond, and swim about
as if Perfectly aquatic.—Leeds Intelligences.
CRIME IN DUBLIN.—The present Commis-
sion is the first, during a period of thirty-seven years,
which has terminated without a single sentence of
transportation having been pronounced. So much for
the state of crime in the city and county of Dublin.—
Dublin Evening Post.
Twelve tin packets of preserved French beans,
3n a wooden 'box, have been brought up from the Royal
George, stamped " Conserve Articbens de Catruul
11111.3eilles. Neither vinegar nor pickle had been
used ; they had been boiled and placed in air-tight
vessels, and were as fresh and fit for use as when first
eneloseo. They have been 57 years under water.—
entish Observer.

THE EXILED BOURBONS.—The following
tois
the melancholy picture of the place of retreat allotted
the unfortunate descendants of a long line of
glt
is drawn by their pious worshipper RochefoucauslCl, .n
his " Pilgrimage to Garitz :"—A small town of about
10,000 souls, surrounded by barren hills, and looking,,
if were at the extreme corner of the earth—a population
for the most part ugly and dirty—frightful-looking
houses, and streets ill paved, and winding like so many
serpents—no communicating roads, difficult approaches,
and no resources of any kind—in a word, an ant-hill
among the mountains—such is Goritz In vain, as you
approach, do you cast your eyes about in search of a
chateau, or even a convenient dwelling :—a small house,
seated desolately on a hill, and looking at most like the
lode of some citizen's family,—such is the habitation
weich holds the Dynasty of the Bourbons !
Lord Crofton is reported a candidate for the re•
presentative peerage, vacant by the death of the Earl of
the Earl of Kingstown, Lord Lucan is another can-
didate.—Limerick Chronicle.

LONDON:
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1839.

i\iPORTANT NEWS FROM
AMERICA.

ARRIVAL OF THE LIVERPOOL.
By the arrival at Liverpool yesterday of the
above named splendid steam-ship, in seventeen
days from New York, whence she sailed on the
evening of the 19th ult., we have received highly
important intelligence from the United States, the
details of which will be found below. We
are grieved to have to announce a series
of almost unexampled calamities which have
recently befallen the people of the United States,
and which still threaten them with dange-
rous consequences. On the 9th ult. the United
States Bank of Pennsylvania suspended cash pay-
ments, and its example was instantly followed by
all the banks of Philadelphia, and the whole of the
banks south of that city to New Orleans. Im-
mense masses of property were destroyed
by conflagrations in Philadelphia and Mobile
while in the South the inhabitants were daily fall-
ing victims to the pestilence of yellow fever. Th
stoppages of the Southern and Western banks
excited great alarm among the mercantile classes;
but the banks of New York and Boston continued
firm, the Directors having resolved to discharge
their liabilities in specie so long as a dollar re-
mained in their vaults. On the part of the banks
which have suspended payments, the Philadelphia
Gazette—the organ of the monied interest of that
city—states that the suspension " was not a mea-
sure of quick and desperate immaturity, but of cool
reflection, of well weighed facts, and of well
descried results, which can scarcely fail of
affording relief where before there were
perplexities, distresses, and struggling confi-
dence." Strangely enough this Journal adds,
that while the affair of suspension was a mea-
sure of necessity not of choice, the necessity did not
arise from want of abundance of specie, but from a
conviction that it would be " drained out of the
country." But as the article from the Gazette will
be found among our extracts from the American
Papers, we shall leave to those chiefly interested in
this question the task of commenting upon it, con-
tent here with directing to it the attention of such of
our readers as make the science of political economy
a part of their study.
Canada papers to the I6th ult. have been received
by the Liverpool, but they add nothing to our pre-
vious stock of news from that part of the world.
Tranquillity prevailed on the frontier. Mr.
POULETT THONISON was daily expected, but we
have reason to infer from the tone of the journals
before us that his reception will not be over enthu-
siastic.