The Sun.
London, England, 1808-09-23 00:00:00

SPAIN.

"THE REFLECTIONS OF A TRUE SPANIARD ON, TFIS
MANIFESTO OF THE JUNTA OF SEVILLE, PUBLiso'
ED ON THE 3D OF AUGUST, RELATIVE TO TLI
ORGANIZING OF THE SUPREME POWER OF TITS
NATION."

A Paper, under the above 'title; and signed M.
was published at Madrid on the igth of AugustT
The writer agrees with the Junta of Seville, as to
the expediency of waiving, for the present, all cow'
sideration of the succession to the throne, and as to
the necessity 'of establishing a Supreme Government
ad interim. But his answer to the question
shall create this Supreme Civil Government?' is,
" The Nation, and not 'the ProvinCial Juntas ; for
the latter would not think it just- that the greater
part of the nation .should be. deprived of the right of
participating in an election so important and invoD;
in; the fate of.the country, merely because, from tat:
want of troops of the line to repel the French vati!
dais, and from the presence of 100,000 hostile told:
onets, it has hitherto been prevented from appolat:
Mg Juntas." This election, he says, will not be '
t‘ivloerk juotiftams übc difficulty
wholly
tr eoer
frirrotnine,ainfytittien
cptautrrei °Oil
of per'
f
per.
sonal or party interest. But previous to an explicit
statement of his opinion on this point, he briefly ad.
,verts to the conclud of the_Couocil of Castile, in the
following terms:—
" Let us not, at present, stop to examine the coo'
duet of the Council of Ca%tile, which is as little
.known in the provinces as is the extent of its func#
tions, though these cannot be overlooked without the,
nio's-t culpable ignorance, nor called in question with-
out a degree of temerity that would expose the nation
to the most lamentable anarchy—an event which
must be deprecated by all good Spaniards, anti 311
real friends to the King. Ido not mean to b tae
apologist of the Council. They had not the valouf,
uselessly, to lay bare thiry throats to the swore'
which which the tyrants held suspended over` them for
time, rather than Subscribe Certain formulas for the
purpose of eluding the ferocity of those monsters,
and preventing the fatal consequences which well
threatened, with respe& to' the Royal Vamils, aiV
the capital, containing so large a population. But it
most certain, that the conduct of the Council WO
not such as has been described in the Provincial Pa'
pers, written from the glosking zeal of patriotisiti,
upon remarking the general results of the measures
proinulgated at Madrid, and witheui any knowlcde
of the details of the gloriotis resistance made by the
Council and its illustrious Dean; in circutustan;
ces dangerous and critical beyond any to whte.,
the inhabitants ofthe provinces or the civil chiefs
of the nation were exposed, without 'any 011),er
iv/Ord to Maintain the sacred cause of truth than too
tongues, or any other defence than their thin gown"!
in the presence of the barbarous and insolent Mura_ft,
and, his rude' and ferocious, satellites. Enquire °)
them what was the ConduCt of Doti Arias 11
the. Council in general. ' But suspend your oPil"°;
for a little;. wait; and you will have authentic pro°t4
that if_the Council have net 41 your judgment _'

. .
~ .
11 al<tembly of Cato s, yet that, considering the ha-
z.n-Aotis circtiritstances of their situation, they have
,:sor'eed much of their country. It is very easy to
commit an error of judgment, with regard to the
conduct of persons, at such a crisis." •
lUverting to the subjett of the Supreme Council
of Regency, he remarks, that if such men only are
nominated as are already known to the public as en-
lightened and practical Statesmen, there will be no
dispute as to the validity of their appointments ; on
the contrary, the Council of Castile, the cities hay-
bg votes in the Cortes, the provinces, and the whole
would approve and confirm the generous,
Patriotic, and impartial nomination. Foremost,
aniongst these, he mentions Florida Blanca, Saave-
dra, and Juyehanos; " the two former, besides their
Other recommendations, being actually Presidents of
t wo of the Supreme Juntas, and the third having, by
`any years' sufferings, proved the inflexible integri-
ty of his charatier, triumphing against the dangers of
the iniqoitous Godoy ; and having from Jadraque,
Xl5 leagues of Madrid, treated with contempt
'4) offer 1 tire offe and invitations made to him by the in-
latrines Ministers of Joseph ?" To these toe writer
Pi.op!iises to add Don Pedro,Cevallos, Seignior Valdes,
tlie Bishops of Santanderonand Orense, Admiral Ala-
va or EsCado, or whoever is at the head of the navy,
and Castanb br Cuesta, or whoever shall be Gene-
r olissimo of the Spanish army. In order to prevent
ail jealousies, lie thinks the Presidency should be
vested hi the ArchbiShop of Toledo, and that all
acts of Government shOdld be signed by him-and the
three seoior Membets. This plan is incompatible
with the principle of adhering exclusively to the
111 tubers of the Supreme Junta in the election of
the Conticil of Regency.
Upon the question of the Seat of Government,
lie strongly asserts the claim. of the city of Ma-
drid to a preference in that respect, not only as be-
ing more central than any of the places mentioned
by the Junta of Seville, but also ge 'already Von,
taining all the various establishmentl connected
with the different departments of Government.
To the question—' What shall be Elie atitiiority of
the Supreme Civil Government ?' he .answers--
" Undoubtedly the same that the fundamental
of Spain confer upon its legitimate Sovereigns ; that
of a King just and beneficent, and anxious to con-
Elie his powers within the limits of the Constitution.
If it is to be the real representative of the King, it is
necessary it should possess all the authority of the
king."
He declares himself hostile to the d
propose per-
manence of the Supreme Junta, as being equally in-
consistent with sound policy and the fundamental
laws of Spain. The authority, he thinks, ouht to
terminate with the cessation of the necessity g
which
created them. If the Council of Regency does not,
from the moment of its formation, enter into full
possession of the Supreme power, the Government
of Spain will become a many-headed monster.
" The Constitution," he says, " recoguizeg only the
superior Tribunals and inferior Magistracies as the
''vans of good Government ; and foi- the pur-
Pose of maintaining the rights of the people, it ad-
mits, besides the on!inary delegates elected by them-
selves, deputies especially appointed, with corre-
sponding instruaions, to deliberate upon the most
-weighty and interesting affairs. The regular order
proceeding, and what seems to be essential to the
union of the provinces, the general welfare of the
kingdom, and the cause of our beloved and unfor-
tunate Ferdinand, is to appoint representatives of his
Person to exercise his authority for the benefit of all
subjects; to adhere to the primitive Constitution
Without innovation to leave to time, experience,
and prudence, the consideration of such changes in
the general system as may perhaps be requisite to
promote the happiness of the nation ; and to a period
of greater tran9odlity, in which Ferdinand VII.
may personally Ccupribute to those happy reforms,
unless their previensaccumplishment should appear
to be a matter of extreme urgency and indispensible
necessity."

OFFICIAL ACCOUNT OF THE BATTLE OF
BAYLEN.
Notwithstanding the high importance of the vic-
tory of Ilaylen, it was not until within these few
titlya that the
fisheds under date cif the
OfFßial Account was received, pub-
thet. Supreme Junta 7th ult. by the authority of
of Seville. This narrative con-
ger not only
the particulars we detailed in our Pa-
per of the 2tith of last month, but the following ad-
_dbonal circumsta
-hces, authenticated by General
hedtng and the Marquis De Compigni, who distin-
guished themselves on that occasion :
J.,` After the attack on the night of the 18th of
tiZY the Spanish troops formed into columns; and
the left,
PVIS regiment of Reding, the regiments of
ugelanc, Ciudad Real, Truxillo, Cuenca, of Sap-
Pers, and the regituent of Spanish cavalry, advanced
to attack the heights on the flank of the enemy.—
After a brave 'resistance, he was dislodged, with the
loss of two pieces of artillery, and the enemy having
again rallied and formed into a square, was again at-
tacked with -great - order by the Swiss regiment of
Reding, supported by that of the Royal Walloon
Guards, l'he consequence was, that he was corn-
Pletely routed, was forced to retire to the bridge,
011(1 to make a retrograde movement of the centre of
'11(Ire than half a league, where, being reinforced by
a corps de reserve from Andujar, he twice renewed
the attack, being disappointed in the first by the re-
"lance of our infantry and cavalry, and after the
second, only retaining possession of the bridge, from
winch position General Dupont adopted his plan of
.4.11•Ict& ',lzainst our centre and right wing.
[Then follow the 'particulars we have already de-
' t"lled in our account before referred to, aftcrwhich
the official narrative thus
proceeds
" Field-Marshal the Marquis Compigni, Corn-
tnander of the second division, in concurrence with
General Reding, under whose Orders was the first,
fastened
with his forces to those points where the
taree general attacks were condu6ted with the great-
est vi.,;our, and, by his' nowledge of his profession
'lnd animating example, he essentially contributed to
saccossful result of-the engagement.
if the gallantry of Generals Reding and Corn-
Pigni be worthy of distinguished praise, less applause
tint due to General Don Manuel de la Pena, who,
with the reserve of the third division, commanded
by Field-Mars:int Don F fix Jonei, took possession,
the morning of the 15th, of the neighbourhood
Ui Azi(Nar ; who, from that elevated situation, SO
i;1 ly annoyed the enemy as to kill a large propor-
,

tion, and to dismount two pieces of artillery; lii
owl; loss, under these circumstances, being very
trifling. The consternation into which Dupont was
thrown by the advantageous position Of these two
divisions, and the spirit with which he was thus at..
tacked on the bridge and in the adjacent country, no
doubt, occasioned him to entertain the project of
abandoning the city, which he thought fit to do on
the night of the 18th, by the road of Baylcn. Ge-
neral Pena, apprized of this movement on the morn-,
ing of the ipth, gave the necessary orders; and
marched towards Andujar, to harass the eneniy in.,
his retreat. The vanguard, on this occasion, was
composed of the battalions of Campo Mayer and
Valencia) of the Riflemen of Africa, of 40 Royal
Carbineers of the Prince's Regiment of Cavalry, and
of four pieces of flying artillery, the whole under
the command of Field-Marshal Don Rafael Maria-.
clic); while the reserve was separated into two divi-
sions, the first under Field-Marshal Don Naraiso De
Pedro, composed of the regiment of Dragoons of
Pavia, and of those of Provincial Grenadier Infantry,
and the Infantry of Africa and Saragossa. The se-
cond- was co: I,nanded by the Marquis De Gelo, and
consisted of the regiment of Dragoons of Sagunto, a
squadron of Carmona, the Infantry of Burgos and
Cantalrea, the Militia of Lorca, one company of
Sappers, and 150 Swiss of the Regiment of Reding,
each regiment being provided with four pieces of
artillery.
[To 6e concluded to-morrow.]

FROM THE FRENCH AND DUTCH PAPERS.

PARIS, SEPT. 12.—Yesterday, the 11th, his EX-
cellency the Duke Monteleone, Ambassador trorn
his Majesty the King of Naples, presented his cre-
dentials. His .Excellency Baron Brockhausen was
afterwards introduced in the usual form, and pre-
sented his credentials as Minister Plenipotentiary
from his Majesty the King of Prussia. After, these
audiences, his Majesty received the Diplomatic
Body, who were conduced, introduced, and pre-
kfiCed in the usual manner.

At this audience were presented, by his Excellency
M. le Cotint de Tolstoy, Ambassador from the Em-
iierdr of Itutia, the Prince Wolkausky, Major-Gen.
3iM Aide-de-Camp General to the Emperor of Rus-
sia; M. de Saracinsky, Officer of his Guards; and
M. de plaiviiroff, Lieut. Cot. By his Excellency the
Duke of NOnteleone.; Ambassador from the King
of the two 'L'Atliies; M. Questiaux, Secretary of the
Embassy ; If. Y3CheValier Cataneo ; the Duke of
Montedragone, PlinbasSador from his Majesty the
King of the two Sicifies to the Emperor of Russia.
By his Excellency the Count Metternich, Ambassa-
dor from the Emperor of Austria; M. le Chevalier
de Wacquaint Major-Gehf.til M. Vincent Gretzel
de GI aenzensteiti ; M. Tobie gretiel de Graenzen;-
stein. By his Excellency Baron Dreyer, Mini-
ster Plenipotentiary from the King of Denmark, M.
le Couut de Holk, Officer of the Guatzit
jesty the King of Denmark.—(lllonileur, 12.)
PARIS, SEPT. 13.—There was a Grand Cat-o'4solin
the Great Square,. when the troops marched hegr6.
his Majesty ; afterwards be gave audience at the
Thuilleries to the Minister of the King of Naples,
the Duke of Monteleone. The sahie was likewise
done by Baron Brockhausen, as Minister Plenipoten-
tiary. to the King of Naples.
T 3 Rotterdam Courant of the 17th of September
contains an alike, which is a mere ecuo of the Re-
port lately made on the affairs of Spain by the French
Minister of War to Buouaparte. It is observed, that
if a sufficient force be maintained, nothing need be
feared either from England or her Allies.

On the sth instant the Senate met, when the
Prince Arch-Chancellor delivered a speech descriptive
of the preselit political state of France, and the other
European Powers; after which he laid before them the
reports of the Minister of the Interior and fi)r,Fo-
reign Affairs (which we have already given), and
the projed of a Senatus Consultum, relative to the
necessity of increasing the French Army, by adding
to their numbers the conscripts, not yet called upon
to serve their country, of the four classes, which, ac-
cording to the original plan, should already have done
duty some years ago, and calling out 80,000 of the
conscription *of 1 g 10. These tw,ooo conscripts are,
however, not to be called out before the month of
January, 1809, and they are merely to be employ-
ed in the defence of the coasts.

The Projea of the Senatus Consultum concludes
with stating, that although the proposed means of
securing the safety and prosperity of France may at
the same time tend to increase her military glory,
yet the Emperor, far from being anxious to reap
fresh laurels, merely intends to promote the welfare
of his people by the above impot taut measure.

. .
On the loth of September Count Lacepede made
a report on the project of the Senatus Constiltum,
and the reports above mentioned, advising the Senate
to adopt the above projeti without any alteration,
and to communicate this Resolution to the Emperor
by an Address, which he read, and was approved by
the Senate.—(Rotterdam sazette, of Sept. 17.)

Several fire-ships, we understand, have been pre-
pared in the Baltic, for the purpose of an attempt to
Uuru the Russian Fleet in Rogerswick Bay.
It is certain that Dispatches were sent off by a
Messenger for Portugal, within four hours atter the
receipt of Sir HEW DALRYMPLE'S notable tale.

SMITHFIELD MARKET, SEPT. 23.
This day's market was tolerably well supplied
with different kinds of Cattle; Beef is dearer than
our last report; Lamb, Veal, and Pork are cheaper;
Mutton supports last price, and the trade for the
most part was but indifferent. The sales in the
Haymarket were not lively ; Straw and Clover have
got up in price since Monday's market; Hay fetched
last price.--The` following prices and numbers are
an accurate statement :

Beef 4s. od. to Ss. 6d.—Mutton 4s. od. to Ss. 6d.—Vcal
6s. od. to 7s. od.—Lamb 4s. od. to 6s. od.—Pork 55. od. to
6s. 6d.

Beasts, Soo.—Sheep and Lambs, 9,ooo.—Calves, 300.
Pigs, 330.
Hay 51. os. ed. to 61. tos. ed.—Clover 61. us. od. to 71.
od.—Straw 11. tzs. od. to 11. tBs. od.

CORN-EXCHANGE.—The arrivals of Wheat this
day make a tolerable supply ; but expeCting large
arrivals, the buyers make very few purchases, and
those at less prices, considered almost nominal ; in
Barley, and Malt little variation ; White Pease, none;
Beans of the two kinds are dearer ; Oats are in
supply, and fully support last prices; Fine
Flour 80, €5 ; seconds, 75, 80.