The Sun.
London, England, 1863-10-08 00:00:00

The Irish and Scotch in England.

The census of 1861 found in England (with Wales)
601,634 persons who were born in Ireland, and 169,202
who were born in Scotland. This is an increase since
the census of 1851 of 81,675 Irish, or nearly 16 per
cent., and of 39,115 Scotch, or no less than 30 per
cent. But the immigration of Irish and Scotch into
England in the ten years must have been considerably
larger than this, and, probably, somewhere about
double ; for the children born in England of Irish
and Scottish parents are in the census reckoned
among the English people, and, therefore, do not
supply the loss by death of those who were returned
in 1851 as born in Ireland or Scotland. There
must, then, have arrived here not only these addi-
tional 81,675 Irish and 39,115 Scotch immigrants,
but also others to supply the vacancies created by
death. Tne Irish have come to England in greater
proportion (in relation to the population of their
country) than the Scotch, but the ratios are now
becoming more equal. With regard to the distri-
bution of these immigrants, the metropolis of course
tempts more than its share. The Irish born per-
sons enumerated in all England in 1861 were
one in every 33 of the population, the Scottish
born one in 118, but in London there were 106,879
Irish born persons (a rather smaller number than
in 1851), and 35,733 Scottish born ; so that the
Irish were one in every 26, and the Scotch
one in 78 of the people of Loudon. In
various other towns, and especially in the
manufacturing districts, the Irish settle in large
numbers. In Leeds one'in every 20 persons enume-
rated at the last census was returned as having been
born in Ireland ; in Manchester, one in 9 ; and in
Liverpool, nearly a fifth of the entire population.
In Bradford the proportion is one in every 17; in
Preston, one in 12 ; in Stockport, one in 9. The
women aro a very large proportion o f the popula-
tion in the manufacturing districts; in the districts
of Rochdale, Ashton, and Salford, and in the city of
Manchester 3 in 5 of the Irish-born inhabitants are
females.' This is accounted for by the demand for
female labour. Scotch women in England are fewer
than Seotchmen ; there are but about 4 women to 5
men. Theinference is that Scotchmeu frequently come
here singly to push their fortunes, often marrying
English wives and leaving an undue proportion of
women in Scotland. The Scotch settle largely in
the north. One in every 58 of the inhabitants of
Manchester at the census was returned as born in
Scotland, and ono in every 25 of the inhabitants of
Liverpool ; and of the 169,000 Scottish-born per-
sons in England nearly half were found in Lanca-
shire and the four counties nearest the border—
Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmoreland, and
Durham. Of the 600,000 Irish-born persons in
England more than half are in London and Lanca-
shire.

Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur-
chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s. 4d. and
4s. "High Standard" at 4s. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the
strongest and most delicious imported. .Agents in every
town supply it in packets.

STREET SWINDLERS AND THEIR DUPES.—It ap-
pears from the Surrey and Kent papers that a
gang of swindlers are reaping a rich harvest in those
counties. The Surrey Standard says:—" The sale of sove-
reigns at ss. each, though faithfully recorded in our Tues-
day's paper as having occurredat Sevenoaks, did not prevent
a precisely similar scene taking place that evening at Ashford.
The crier was first sent round the town, and ho announced
the very, very stale dodge that ' sovereigns would be sold el
ss. each in New-street for a wager.' A dense crowd el:
collected there round two stylishly-dressed iadivicis'in
with a light cart and horse, one of whom stated tritswt'sen
consequence of a dispute, the wager (which wes_llo the
two gentlemen of Brighton) would not be decided;
would
next evening; but to prevent disappointm°" the usual
silver watch
give away a little money himself.' Accord
iijogrfhless mock
game commenced of selling a few articles of er ~_
afoefod £1 12s 6d en
g me money
jewellery at extravagant prices, and then row —an
with an extra shilling. Presently
_bahaserbxnaipledaocanvderralti2guSse.aricwohiftlicoourthsee:
was offered for £2, and the 'lure
closed—the watch itself being pro
ell To.---g chains went off at half-
rewarded
the seller made a great show of
t 1 super
ni
'g
candor the , but no
watches, and passed off a number
the buyers,.
coin of greater value than
A still larger number of Otte; i.ng
with them,
f tom' the seller desiringo delusion that
a-crown each, the purchase:.
a larger sum was wrapPed 7 Two
sealed, and there Envelopes, also,
of of these were found
sealed, were sold fors .
was a rush
te
p directly
arties
to contain two-shillioslo
of the whole, and
to purchase more °-till he had disposed
each of th
not to open them
then he would gir°_
—' a present.' This prohi-
bition, however, wwaalfoununheeded probably in most cases, and
only a halfpen
tnYhad beend in the envelopes. After about
thirty or for y . sold, the worthy pair became
aware thst the lace wa,
getting too hot for them. Ono
them accordingly called out to the people to ' get
out of the way, as
he must stop the sale for a few
some goods to come up ;' and they then
drove off at
a rapid pace, pursued by the yelling crowd
for some distance down the street. They must have
reapedjv,, ~ !I rich harvest before they started." The Sussex
" ' s'er has the fallowing under the head of Hyde:—
"On VirelneAay last the town crier announced that 150
sovereigns would be given away at half-past seven o'clock,
in front of the Lion Inn. At the stated time a great num-
ber of the poorer class, who had just returned from hopping
with a little ready money, assembled. Two fellows made
their appearance in a cart, and commenced selling watch
chains at 2s. Gd. each, returning to each of the earlier pur-
chasers 3s. and 3s. Gd. each, gradually roducing the gratuity
to a few coppers ; the chains were of course worthless. They
now introduced watches, valueless, et £1 each, returning at
first, as before, more money than they received for each,
but soon reduced the gratuity. Will it be believed that
in these days, when every species of fraud finds its way
into public print, the vagabonds pocketed nearly £2O in
half an hour ? and when the poor dupes began to expose the
fraud, the rascals put whip to the horse and galloped out
of the town, leaving the simpletons poorer, but we hope
wiser men,"..

THEATRE ROYAL DRURY -LANE.
_i Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton.
THIS EVENING, TH DE
E AL BOATMAN Messrs. G.
Belmore, F. Charles ; 3Liss It. Leclercq, and Mrs. Edmund
Falconer.
To conclude with the new and original Comedy, by Ed-
mund Fadroner, entitled NATURE'S ABOVE ART : A Ro-
mance of the Nursery : Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Ryder,
Charles. Neville ; Miss Charlotte
Barrett, G. Belmore, F.
(Sauricielrs, Miss Murray, Miss R. Leclercq, Mrs. Melville, and
Mrs. Edmund Falconer.
BoY.-oilacc open from Ten till Five daily. Prices as usuaL
Comnxence at 7.

PRINCESS'S THEATRF,.—Great Success of
TIERRMANN, PR ESTIDIGITATE UR. HER R
11KRRMANN has the honour to announce that, in conse-
quence of the gre?t, success and flattering recept on he has
met with, he will continue his Performances, EVERY
NVENINkI, until further notice.
Commencing at Eight.

THEATRE

ROYAL HAY MARKET,
Open for the season.

Tins EVENING, and during the Week, to commence al
7, with AN UN LUCKY MOB, fAL : Mr. William Farren,
Miss M. Harris, &c.
Atter which, at a quarter to 8, the new Comedy of
FINESSE; or, s.,py and Counter Spy: characters by Mr.
Alfred Wigan, Mr. Chippendale, Mr. Howe, Mr. Buckitone •
Mrs. Dowton, Miss L. Angel, and Mrs. Alfred Wigan.
Concluding with TURNING THE TABLES.
On Monday, Oct. 26, Mr. and Mrs. CIAAS. MATHEWS
will return to the London stage.

NEW THEATRE-RO YAL, ADELPHL—
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
THIS EVENING, at 7, THE TRAGEDY QUEEN: Mrs.
Stirling.
At 8, the New Drama of LEAH: Miss Bateman,
supported
by Messrs. Arthur Stirling, R. Phillips, BillimStuart,
ttou, Stuar
A. Wood, Eburne, Miss H. Simms and Mrs. Billington.
Mies
To conclude with CATCHING AN HEIRESS ' m
Woolgar and Mr. A. Wood.

31-IS S BATEMAN.—LEAH.—The celebrated
X young American Actress, Miss BATEMAN, having
on her first appearance in the New Drama of LEAR ob-
tained the most triumphant and enthusiastic success that has
been wi,nessed for man years, and the profound impression
created by her impersonation of the character of LEAII upon
a crowded audience having been completely ratified by the
unanimous verdict and critical approval of the entire Daily
Press, the m
1 the NEW ADELPIII THEATRE has
the honour to announce that
31.ss BAT EMAN will appear
in the New Drama of LEAEI EVERY EVENING till further
notice.

IIOYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Manager, Mr. W. 11. Swanborough.
THIS EVENING, WHERE'S YOUR WIFE. Mr. Bel-
ford, Miss Simpson•
Followed by (70th time) THE MOTTO, " l'n ALL
THEE." Alessrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier
Clifton; Mesdames Ada S—anborcugh, F. Josephs, Maria'
bimpson, Wallace, and Jenny IVlute.
To conclude with TURN HIM OUT. Mr. Turner, Miss
Thorne.

Commence at 7.

HLE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN,'
retain
p;
the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE,
n be had Every Evening ot
C'A-- G. It. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT,

No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Ilyde-park.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tills DAY.—Morning, 10h. 59/IL—Afternoon, 11h, 35m,
TO-AORILOw.-Morning, 114. 59m.—Afternoon, h. m.

The Weather—Sun Office, Oct. 8, 1863.

THERMOMETER.

This day at Two o'clock
Barotneter-29.61.
Wind—E.-North-East; fresh, and fine.

4'17
,
„, 43.414

LONDON, THURSDAY, OCf. 8, 1863.

While one of the most venerable and gifted of
our ex-Chancellors is—we very much fear it—fast
drawing to the close of his long and illustrious life,
another in the full vigour of his great intellect is
Presiding over the proceedings of the Social Science
Association in his native place—now in the eighty-
sixth year since he first drew breath there—in the
city of Edinburgh. When he had attained the great
age of eighty Lord BROUGHAM delivered one of the
most remarkable orations that had ever fallen from
his lips, namely, upon the occasion of the inaugura-
tion of the monumental statue raised to the memory
of Sir ISAAC NEWTON in his native place, that is to
say at Grantham. Now, when the learned and
rarely-endowed ex-Chancellor has passed his eighty-
fifth year, he is presiding, as we have said, over the
proceedings of the great Social Science Association,
at its annual meeting : a meeting holden this year,
by a happy coincidence (we are fain to enforce the
recognition of the fact by repetition), in that birth-
place of HENRY Lord BROUGHAM, the eminently
beautiful and picturesque old city of Edinburgh.
Evidence will be found in another and a very con-
siderable portion of our impression of this even-
ing, magnificent evidence that in this, the
eighty-sixth year of the ex-Chancellor's memor-
able career, all his great oratorical powers are
as fresh and as vigorous as at any previous
period. Here and there, too, it may be
seen by those who scan the report of
this noble oration of Lord BROUGHAM'S
as it deserves to be scanned, that the
orator is as boldly outspoken as, while yet un-
adorned by the scarlet and ermine, when he wore
professionally merely the stuff gown of a barrister.
Or as when in the old Rouse of Commons (ages
back it almost seems in the retrospect) he sat as
HARRY BROUGUAM, the ultra-liberal MP. for the
West Riding, the terror of all noodles, placehunters
and partizans, whether on the front bench or on'
the back benches, alike of Government or of Oppo-
sition. For vigorous outspeaking on a matter of no
small delicacy, more especially at this moment, com-
mand us to that portion of the great oration delivered
yesterday by Lord BROUGHAM to the vast assembly
of educated people who hung upon his words while
he addressed them, up in the north, there, at Edin-
burgh. Portions of the ex-Chancellor's address, un-
necessary, at this moment, here to be particularised,
we differ from tote ealo. That part of it, however,
relating expressly to the bitter feelings cherished
towards England in the Northern States of the
American Republic, in the States peopled by the
Federalists, we assent to, in every syllable of it, con
amore. As-who wilt not, far and wide, through
all the three Kingdoms? However briefly, time
enables us to say this now, we would here say it
nevertheless, and that, moreover, with all the em-
phasis of our admiration.

The position of England in respect to the Fine
Arts has long been felt to he unworthy of her
national dignity. In music, in design, in archi-
teetare, in all matters of taste and adornment,
Englishmen and women were, until very lately,
confessedly inferior to foreigners. They were so
much in thehabit of hearing this assertion made
that it
Was generally taken for granted, and it
would have --
- been a bold attempt if any one had
maintained that the deficiency was one arising from
want of culture
rather than lack of ability. Some
musicians, and other artists were re-
markable for th •
their
body of the people
we
achievements; but the great
regarded by mans, and Italian,, witrhe French, Ger-
matterd
in all artistic a degree of lofty contempt
ledged to be well el ~ that Was humbly acknow-
erited. -,
changed, or cha ' .I"'iv, however, all is
existed
the
Iging• The .
of JULLIEN long ago dereens Praiseworthy exertions
strong taste for music fact that a
lion, which only needed colti,ll the English mil'
I°` and opportunity
to show itself very decidedly Since h•
of choristers taste has exhibited itself in a thoese, la time that
every village has its band ways, until
d a
musicians, and our musical associationssan naateur
' assemblies
and entertainments are truly
legion.
The sister:
grt, less social as it is, and more rare as is
the talent
for it, has recently shown evidence of l a most equal
progress. The establishment of artistic training
schools throughout the country has been a remark-
able feature of the present age, and supplies a long
felt want. They offer to poor and friendless talent
a helping hand over those first difficulties which
appear well nigh insuperable to the lonely young
student. They assist his progress, and give him' a

cour:3e of instruction which would otherwise be en-
tirely above his means. Since their first establish-
ment, in 1837, the Schools of Design have been
enla:Ted, improved, and extended in various ways,
until they now adapt themselves to the means,
capacities, and convenience of a very wide range
of pupils. The result of this is to be seen in
the rapid development of the national taste,
and the progress conspicuously made in English
handicrafts and manufactures—a progress so
great
as to have already startled our continental neigh-
bours into the conviction that the despised islanders
will henceforth prove dangerous rivals. There is
no reason why it should not be so. There is nothing
in the English character to hinder the possession
artistic taste and skill, and assuredly there is nothing
of
fields and woodlands to prevent t
in the fresh and verdant lovelinhees of the
ms
from forming
ownrming
just ideas of beauty.
The plan now adopted tends
especially to raise
the whole tone of taste among
the people, by cultivating the artistic faculty in
those classes who will influence the thousand manu-
factured articles in daily use. The constant sight
of beautiful objects is as gratifying to the eye and
refiining to the mind as the ugly or dingy associa-
tions are depressing and deteriorating. There is no
reason why the designs and colours in our house-
hold goods should not exhibit as much taste and
harmony as more costly articles, although neces-
sarily with more simplicity. A common pitcher
may have as much symmetry of form as an Etruscan-
vase; a cotton or chintz may be as graceful and har-
monious in its colours as the most expensive fabric;
but until we have cultivated the eye of the masses,
so as to induce them to select the good and tasteful
instead of the really ugly and faulty article, we have
still much to do. There is no reason why the gene-
ral public should not be as well informed, and show
as cultivated a taste upon questions of colour and
form ae upon matters of time and tune; yet almost
every one thinks himself qualified to give an opi-
nion, or to have a strong liking or disliking for a
new ballad or popular air, while if consulted on
a point of taste in the sister art, he will at
once say —" As I know nothing of drawing,
I am not qualified to give an opinion."
The object of the National Schools is in a
great measure to correct this evil by diffusing sound
principles of taste throughout the community at
large, and by teaching the teachers the seal nature of
their art. The courses of instruction are, it is said, in-
tended to give a systematic training to teachers,
male and female, in the practice of art, and in the
acquirement of its scientific principles, for the pur-
pose of qualifying them to impart the knowledge so
attained to others, to develop its application to the
common uses of life, and to employ its advantages
in the requirements of trade and manufactures.
Special courses of instruction are arranged to qualify
masters of parochial and other schools for the teach-
ing of drawing, concurrently with writing, as a
part of education. A class is also to be formed
adapted for the use of artisans, at the low charge
of 10s. per session. Lectures on botany, as con-
nected with art, and other subjects will be given
during the session which has just commenced, and
every facility is offered to meet the taste and con-
venience of the public. A very important addi-
tion has recently been made to the schools, in
which all these plans will be carried out to the
full extent. The newly constructed schools, in
connection with the National Science and Art
Departments, at Kensington, have just been opened
under the inspection of the Committee of Counc

on Education. They are the first permanent build-
ings provided for the National Art Training Schools,
and every accommodation, in the way of light, ven-
tilation, heating, &c., is provided. One very notice-
able feature in these schools is the encouragement
which they give to female talent, and the opportunity
they afford for its cultivation and development. In
the last generation the proposal to establish Female
Schools of Art would have been deemed prepos-

terous, yet the attempt has been most suc-
cessful, and the result most flattering
to the abilities and taste of our fair
countrymen. The little gallery of the works of
female artists showed no unworthy specimens,

and we are glad to find every encouragement is
being afforded to those who wish to study this
beautiful and elevating art. Females are espe-

cially in need.of some such sphere of instruction,
since the teaching they receive privately is likely
to be of the most superficial kind. Our gracious
SOVEREIGN in this, as in so many other respects,

has set an excellent example to her Eubjects, her
taste and skill as an artist being well known. We
are very glad to learn that the Committee of Coun-

cil on Education are about to offer a premium to
feminine ability and industry, by the establish-

ment of two scholarships to be held by the most

eminent students of the Schools of Art throughout
the country. The means by which the endowment
of these scholarships is provided are especially in-
teresting. They have been supplied by the fees
taken for inspecting the wedding presents of the
Prince and Princess of IVALES, at the South Ken-

sington Museum, in May last. The money obtained
on that interesting occasion could not have been
put to a more worthy purpose, and the Committee
deserve the highest credit for having originated
the idea. Such a recognition of their claims and
powerful stimulus to
capacities will give a the
d
students of the female classes, and will prove, we
trust, the forerunner of similar guerdons of merit
throughout the country. The strongest opponent
of" woman's rights" can hardly dispute her claim
to use her fingers, and there are numerous
branches of useful employment open to female
artists, which may help a little to solve the diffi-
culty at present existing as to the occupation of
women. In this department of art there is little
left to be desired by the most critical in the way of
opportunity and instruction, and it only remains
for students of both sexes
to take advantage of the
facilities now offered to them.

DRETRY-Lin

_n consequence of the extensive
are made for the revival of preparations that
Lord 13yron's "Manfred"
y
on Saturda next, this house
morrow. Will be closed to.