The Sun.
London, England, 1863-02-21 00:00:00

Course of the Exchange---Yesterday.

Amsterdam
Ditto
Rotterdam — 11 174
Antwerp — 25 42t
Brussels — 25 42i
Hamburgh — 13 7
Paris
Ditto
Marseilles
Frankfort on Maine -- 1194
11 80
11 80
35

Vienna
Trieste
Petersburgh

Berlin
Madrid
Cadiz

Leghorn
Milan
Genoa
Naples
Palermo
Messina
Lisbon

25 52}
25 524
25 52i
25 57*
25 60
25 60
524
52/

11 16
11 171
11 171
25 50
25 50
13 7i
25 25
25 50
25 52i
1191
li 90
11 90
351

491
40k
i 0

5 6
25 60
25 60
25 62
25 65
25 65
621
63

Oporto -
Foreign Gold in Bars (Standard), per oz £3 17 9
Mexican Dollars .......... . . 0 5 5
Silver in Bars (Standard)
South American Doubloons 0 0 (i,

RAILWAY COLLISION NEAR BRADFORD.—On
Wednesday night, as the 8.10 passenger train from
Leeds to Manchester was nearing the Bowling Station of
the Leeds, Bradford, and Halifax Junction Railway, it came
into collision with an engine which was employed in shunt-
ing some trucks on to a siding. The driver of the engine
perceived the train approaching, and reversed his engine in
order to get out of the way, but before he could do so the
train came up and caught the buffer of his engine, throw-
ing it off the rails and seriously damaging it. The passeu-
gers in the train were more or less severely shaken, but no
lives were lost or bones troken.

ATTEMPTED MURDER IN THE COUNTY OF
LIMERICK.—The Cork Examiner of Wednesday
announces that Mr. John Cussen, a gentleman residing at
Rockhill, near Bruree, county Limerick, was fired at
through his parlour window on Tuesday evening, while
sitting down to dinner with kis family. Four large slugs
lodged in his right shoulder, and one entered the right side
of his mouth, breaking one tooth and injuring others. The
wounds are not considered fatal. The police were immedi-
ately on the alert, but have obtained no clue to .the perpe-
trators of the outrage. The motive for the aot .
Tandy
unknown, as Mr. Cussen was neither an agent
our nhorno da
lord, and 17768 much respected in tke neighb ,
ARRIVAL OF THE LAD JoCELYN FROM THE
J
CAPE.--The steamer Lady Jocelyn, from the Cape
of (stood Hope on the 25th Decemper, passed Plymouth
yesterday. Her machinery being disabled she came home
under sail. She left the Cape only four days after the mail
steamer which reached Plymouth Jan. 21, and her news is
unimportant. The mails were sent ashore when off Schilly
on Monday, and one passenger was landed hero to-night.

A letter from Warsaw of the 14th inst. says
that a journal has just been issued by the Polish insurgents,
entitled News from the Theatre of War. A preliminary
announcement states that the object of the publication is to
give reliable news of the insurrection, the Russian journals
not being trustworthy. It is to be issued at irregular inter-
vals, as oecasion may arise.

NEW ZEALAND.—A letter just received by our
correspondent at Plymouth says :—" The Maoris
have consented to allow a steamer to be placed on the
Waikato. A tribe has also offered for sale to the Govern-
ment 60,000 acres of land, with five miles of the most dis-
affected district. This is an evident proof that the forbear-
ance and firmness of our Governor, Sir George Grey, is
working most powerfully. The first-named concession is
haJaye W 9 in 12 months."
considered to be a greater victory
A than 10,000 soldiers could

withinit purchase, vice COx.
24th Foot—Ensign Charles James Bromhead to be Lieute-
nant, without purchase, vice John Cusack, promoted to
an Unattached Company, without purchase.
29th Foot—Captain Hales Wilkie to be Major, by purchase,
vice John Mackenzie Lyle, who retires ; Lieutenant Fre-
derick Charles Ruston, to be Captain, by purchase, vice
Wilkie; Ensign Charles Edward Pinckney Simpson to
be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Ruston ; Douglas'Alex-
ander Graham Cunningham Graham, Gent,, to be En-
sign, by purchase, vice Simpson.
35th Foot—Lieutenant Thomas Lloyd to be Captain,_ by
purchase, vice Ranulph Charles Lee, who retires; En-
sign Wilfrid Tolson, to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice
Lloyd ;• Ensign Henry Mackenzie Macdonald Wood, from
38th Foot, to be Ensign, vice Tolson.
37th Foot—Graham Bowles Dobson, Gent., to be Ensign,
by purchase, vice Horace Musgrave, transferred to 72d
Foot.
55th Foot—Ensign William King to be Lieutenant, by
purchase, vice Francis Holt Tate, who retires ; Cecil
William Betham, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice
King.
69th Foot—Captain James Octavius Machell, from 14th
Foot, to be Captain, vice Morgan, who exchanges.
62d Foot—Lieutenant William Montagu Tharp-Gent to be
Captain, by put chase, vice Thomas Milsom, who re-
tires; Ensign Eugene Charles Pollexfen to be Lieu-
tenant, by purchase, vice Tharp-Gent; Mathias Robert
Seppings Laws, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice
Pollexfen.
63d Foot—Staff Assistant-Surgeon James Arthur Han-
bury, M. 8., to be Surgeon, vice Henry Crisp, M. 8., ap-
pointed to the Staff.
72d Foot—Captain and Brevet-Major Cecil Rice to be
Major, by purchase' vice Thomas Charles Hardinge
Best, who retires; Lieutenant Robert St. John to be
Captain, by purchase, vice Brevet Major Rice; Ensign
Douglas James Broadley Hebden to be Lieutenant, by
purchase, vice St. John; Ensign Horace Musgrave,
from 37th Foot, to be Ensign, vice Hebden.
75th Foot—Oscar Vernede, Gent,, to be Ensign, by pur-
chase, vice William Wolfe Rynd, transferred to the 71st
Foot.
86th Foot—Major and Brevet-Colonel Richard Mordesley
Best, to be Lieutenant-Colonel, without purchase, vice
William Kier Stuart, C,8., who retires upon full-pay;
Captain and Brevet-Major Charles Osborne Creagh to be
• Ytajor, without purchase, vice Brevet-Colonel Best;
Lieutenant John William Fry to be Captain, without
purchase, vice Brevet-Major Creagh; Ensign Charles
Henry Jackson to be Lieutenant, without purchase, vice
Fry.
88th Foot—Captain John Edwin Dickson Hill, from half-
pay, late 97th Foot, to be Captain, vice Brevet-Major
Joshua Grant Crosse, seconded on being appointed Dia-
trict Inspector of Musketry.
94th Foot—Captain Frederick Edward Medhurst, from
half-pay, late 43d Foot, to be Captain, vice John North
Crealock, seconded on being appointed District Inspector
of Musketry.
100th Foot—Lieutenant Vincent Upton Langworthy, from
7th Foot, to be Lieutenant, vice Dooley, who exchanges,
3d West India Regiment—John Benet Thornton New-
bury, Gent., to be Ensign without purchase, vice Shiel,
transferred to the 4th West India Regiment.
4th West India Regiment—Ensign Robert Moore Pilcher
to be Lieutenant, without purchase, vice Ambrose Mad-
den, deceased ; Ensign John Shiel, from 3d West India
Regiment, to be Ensign, vice Pilcher.
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT,—Staff-Surgeon William Wal-
ter Weld having completed a period of 20 years' full pay
service, to be Surgeon-Major under the provisions of the
Royal Warrant of the let October, 1858; Surgeon Henry
Crisp, M. 8., from 63d Foot, to be Staff-Surgeon, vice
' Thomas Knox Birnie appointed to the 12th Foot; Assist.-
Surgeon Charles Henry Lest, from sth Foot, to be Staff
Assistant-Surgeon, vice Peter Davidson, M.D., who
exchanges.

The Earl of ELLENBOROUGH—My lords, I rise to
ask whether the Government will lay upon the table any
despatch from the Consul-General at Warsaw in as tar as it
relates to the immediate origin of the present insurrection
in Poland ; also to ask whether any communication has
been made by the Russian Government with respect to the
origin of the insurrection, or by the Prussian Government
with respect to any engagement it may have entered into
with a view to aiding the Russian Government in its sup-
pression. Your lord; hips will observe that I only ask for
information as to communications which may have been re-
ceived from other Governments. I ask no question as to any
communication which may have proceeded from her Ma-
jeaty's Government. If, however, they should wish to make
any statement on the latter point, I have no doubt it will
be received with satisfaction by your lordships ; but I am
not asking for information with respect to their own pro-
ceedings, because there might be some inconvenience in
affording it on this occasion. But, ray lords, lam sure of
this, that whatever her Majesty's Ministers may have said or
done, the feelings excited in their breasts by the recent conduct
of the Russians in Poland must be similar to those which
have been excited in the breastof every English gentleman. I
feel that I should be guilty of an offence against the members
of the Cabinet if I expressed the slightest doubt of that.
(Hear, hear.) M y lords, the news of this insurrection in
Poland was to all of us a subject of the most painful sur-
prise. No doubt, nothing had occurred to lead us to expect
such an ebullition of public feeling on the part of the Pules,
On the contrary, the course of events during the last 18
months had been such as rather to lead us to hope that, on
the whole, things were in a somewhat better state. Towards
the end of 1861 communications of a most conciliatory
character were made by the Russian Government to the
Polish nation. At a somewhat later period the Emperor
sent the Grand Duke Constantine to Poland,and his Impe-
rial Highness, accompanied by his family, went there in all
probability with instructions in the same spirit. From these
occurrences it was hoped that some arrangement would be
come to whereby something like constitutional government
would be established in Poland: I believe the advice given
by the friends of Poland was that the Poles should take the
right hand' of friendship held out to them, show their wil-
lingness to co-operate with the Government, and accept all
they could get. But it seems that while all this was going
on the police, under the Russian Government, were collect-
ing information,or what they term information, of the poli-
tical opinions of every one in Poland capable of having an
opinion ; and in the middle of the night of the 21st of
January,without warning,by virtue of an order signed only
at 10 o'clock that night, Russian soldiers surrounded the
domiciles and families of persons residing in Warsaw and
forcibly took them from the midst of their families, without
affording them any time to make preparations for a separa-
tion, perhaps for life,from all that belonged to them. (Hear,
hear.) It is to be observed,my lords,that the men seized under
that conscription were not those who were fittest fur military
service, but those who from their political opinions seemed
to the Russian police fittest to be consigned to the Russian
army for life. The feeling of the people of Warsaw and of
the people of Poland was one of utter despair. Those who
could escape betook themselves to the woods, and a feeling
of despair led them at once to resist the armed force of
Russia. My lords, they had not time for reflection ; but,
had that been afforded to them, they could have come to no
other resolution than that which uncalculating despair sug-
gested. (Hear.) There was no longer security for any man in
the midst of his family. In many cases men were selected as
soldiers for the purpose of gratifying private animosity, as
might have been done in former times in the State of Venice.
That was a blow at the nation, and the nation has risen to

avenge it. I recollect that when the revolution broke out
in France, a Minister of great candour and straightforward-
ness, and who knew the circumstances which had led to it,
expressed his opinion in this house that the revolution was
provoked. I trust there is a similar spirit and candour in
her Majesty's present Government. If they really believe
the circumstances occurred in Warsaw whichwe are told led
to the insurrection, I do hope they will come forward and
declare the Government think the insurrection was pro-
voked, and thus place themselves where the government of
a country ought to be—at the head of public opinion.
(Cheers.) My lords, let us observe what has occurred in
consequence of the insurrection provoked by the conduct of
the Russians. At the present moment Russia cannot be
considered in Europe. A few years ago England, France,
and Piedmont combined together to bar the passage of
Russia out of the Bosphorus. They succeeded in that ob-
ject, and Russia has now been barred on the north-east. It
would be impossible for her to lead her troops through Po-
land ; and, owing to the condition of that country, it is al-
most certain that such a state of things must continue for a
considerable time. She has not only to reconcile to herself
the Poles, but she must also reconcile to herself the public
opinion of all Europe. Depend upon it, my lolls, that the
sullen murmurs or the public reprobation of all the nations
of Europe must have made themselves heard. (Bear,
hear.) Look around and see in what quarter we have rea-
son to apprehend the consequences. We can look back and
recollect during how many years the Poles fought gallantly
in the ranks of the French army. As long as there exists
in France a sense of military honour—as long as there re-
mains the memory of the brilliant deeds of the Poles,of the
courage and daring of that noble brotherhood in arms
which led them to the last, under the most untoward and
disastrous circumstances, to advance in unbroken ranks—
as long as this remains, Franco must be in heart with Po-
land. And the Emperor of the French, who is most sensi-
tive to observe every change in public opinion, it is impos-
sible for him not to observe what are the sentiments of
the French people and the French army ; and these must
soon become the sentiments of the Emperor. Austria
bas throughout acted loyally, according to the principles of
international law, and neither Russia nor any other Power,
as_ far as I ara7aware, can by possibility attach blame to her
for her conduct. But what are we to say of Prussia ? It is
but a few weeks ago that the King of Prussia summoned
his army and his people to celebrate the 50th anniversary of
s
the call of their King to the field, when in 1813, the whole
nation Prang to arms, and Prussia marched by the side of
the allies to Paristhe King alone W.hichMy lords, it was not the summons of
led them to take that course, for it
had already been adopted
la portion of the army. That
movement arose from a feeling of resentment which it was
impossible to control when they looked back at the indig-
nity and suffering to which thePr
French had subjected them.
They rose then to redeem the honour of their country : they
rose to demand for themselves the position and rights of an
independent people. And can it be expected by anyso e
reign, however media-wel his notions of government v
maya;
be, that those who now represent the Prussian army will
allow themselves to be moved to the Polish frontier for the
purpose of repressing every principle and every feeling
which they had at heart in 1813, and the assertion of which
has obtained for them the higher rank which they have
since maintained in Europe ? (Hear, hear.) Prussia owes
that she is a nation, that her army is respected among those
of Europe—she owes everything she has of honour and in-
dependence to her having acted upon the very principles
and Leen incited by the very feelings which she is now, 1
fear, called upon to attack on the Polish frontier. (Hear.)
My lords, that cannot be. It is contrary to nature, it is con-
trary to the feelings of nations and of armies; and if the
King of Prussia should add to all the various acts which
have so incensed his people and his army an attempt to
trample through the army upon the very principles to which
he owes the independence and the honour of his country,
there will arise a crisis in that kingdom which may extend
yet lurther, and way again disorganise all the States of

Vienna, in framing which the Emperor took so large a part,
and over which he exercised so considerable an influence.
When, however, this address, signed by more than 200 of
the chief landed proprietors in Poland, was presented, the
persons who so presented it were told they had committed a
grave offence against the State, and Count Zamoyski, who
had been the medium of its presentation, was told that he
had taken a step which was inconsistent with the law and
with the policy of the Emperor, and that it was requisite
for the internal peace of Poland that he should quit the
country. Accordingly he quitted Russia and came to Eng-
land. While here he was informed that his wife, whom he
had left behind him, was at the point of death. Upon this
he applied for permission to visit his dying wife, but owing,
I am bound to say, to some mistake, the telegraphic des-
patch never reached him, and he received no answer to his
application. It had always been attempted on the part of
the aristocracy of Poland to obtain a representative Consti-
tution and to establish a liberal Government which would
be entirely consistent with loyalty towards the Emperor of
Russia; but in this instance the attempt came to an end in
the manner I have described. I now come to the second
portion of the Polish population, consisting of the middle
classes. They were in despair at finding no improvement
in the administration of the country resulted from the
efforts of those who were sent to improve it ; and they
into
secret formed themselves, in Warsaw especially,
secret societies, among whose numbers were persons enter-
taining the most extreme views on social and political ques-
tions, partaking to some extent, I believe, of the opinions
held by M. Mazzini. My lords, it was open to the Russian
Government, of course, to have used their utmost vigilance in
repressing those secret societies, giving to the members of
them a fair trial, and if necessary severe punishment; but at
the same time the Emperor might have continued and en-
larged his plans for the improvement of his administration
in Poland, and might thus have showed that under the
Russian Government happiness was still within the reach
of the Polish people. Unfortunately this was not the course
' taken by the Government of Russia, and the Emperor, under
the advice—this at least is the general belief—of a very dis-
tinguished Pole, Count Wielopolski, who had been placed
under the Grand Duke at Warsaw, came to a different con-
clusion. I will not attempt to repeat the account of that
which the noble earl described in his own graphic and
impressive manner as the effect of the conscription. Certain
it is that the measure of conscription which was carried
through by the Government of Poland was of the most
severe character, and such as to excite the unhappy popula-
tion to despair. A conscription is of itself a measure of
great severity upon the population. It condemns a man
who has no wish to embark in a military profession to
banishment from home, and to all the privations of a
military life, if the lot should fall upon him. Seeing that
the measure itself is one of such severity, the Sovereigns of
those countries where it is in force have introduced such
modifications of the law as make it tolerable to the popula-
tion and modify its severity beyond what the necessity of
the case might require. And the Russian Government
itself, by the laws of 1859, had introduced a system by which
it was provided that so many should be chosen out of every
100, or out of every 1,000, such choice being made justly
and fairly, and substitutes allowed for those who had fair
ground for exemption. Instead of taking the legal
course, the Government of Poland ordered in
the first instance that the whole conscriptions
should be levied upon the towns, in which they
considered the spirit of insurrection chiefly to prevail, and
that it should not be levied in the country parts, where the
peasantry were supposed to be less disaffected. That of it-
self was a great injustice. But they went beyond this, and
not only ordered that the whole number of conscripts should
be taken from the towns, but also that from certain lists of
names which, as the noble earl has stated, were supplied by
1 the police, those persons contained in those lists, without
trial or examination, vhro to bo presumed to be guilty of
disloyalty, and were to be seized and carried away to serve
as soldiers, although they were not fairly liable to bo placed
upon the lists of conscripts. The feeling produced by such
a measure may be imagined. The persons who were en-
gaged in secret societies, who meant to rise in insurrection
at some time, although probably they would never have
carried out that intention, were driven to despair, and they i
thought that if they must serve as soldiers they would rather
shed the last drop of their blood upon their native land of
Poland than waste their lives in distant lands in the service
of Russia. Those who were not engaged hi conspiracies
were struck with alarm lest they might be suspected, and
thus they at once fled from the towns and determined to
risk their lives in insurrection. Well, my lords, this mea.
sure, although it was not a measure taken with a po-
pulation that was perfectly tranquil and well affected,
yet it was a measure which I think no British Mi▪
nister
would venture to justify. (Hear.) In conversation wi▪ th the
Russian Minister, and in writing to her Majesty's Am. bas-
sador, I could not forbear to express my opinion that it was
the most imprudent and unjust step the Russian Govern-
ment could take. (Cheers.) With regard to the sec,nd part
of the noble earl's question, which relates to the communi-
cations with respect to the engagements by which the Fru s-
sian Government has bound itself to lend its assistancein
certain events to the Russian Government to repress the
insurrection, I have had conversations both with the Rus-
sian and the Prussian Ambassadors upon the subject, but
they have not furnished me with a copy of the convention
—indeed, they informed me they had no such copy. But
they have informed me
generally of the nature of that con-
vention. The Russian Ambassador told me to• day that it
sn Ambassador
t
was not a convention, on the part of Prussia, for the pur-
pdoersest oo
fo
dsufPropraresha
ii nn
a andg the
insurrectionfrrat the prtiata in Poland;
haa butaad I r una that
the purport of the convention was, that instead of Prussia
remaining perfectly neutral—in w, hich case Russian sol-
diers either taking refuge from insurgents or being inpur-
suit of insurgents, if they should touch upon Prussian ter-
ritory, would be disarmed and kept disarmed as long as
they remained upon Prussian territory—they have agreed
that Russian soldiers, when taking refuge upon Prussian
soil, should retain their arms, and if pursuing Polish insur-
gents they should be permitted to pursue them, and take