The Sun.
London, England, 1830-12-28 00:00:00

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

TATTVISALL'S.
The North.coutitry horse Rattler was bitiltal to a largo
amount ; one bet was 8008 to 200, independent oftotherbeti to a
much larger amount Lord Jersey's Blunder colt fell from 14 to
Ito2l to 1, with very few backers. It Is not unl►kely tkot tho
cobweb colt will change places with him again. lliemus, Cot.
wick, and Filagree, were backed, without making 1413)". advance.
The od, s closed thus

IttnoitawoaTiL
3 to 1 apt Lord Jersey's Filagree colt
7 to 1 agst Duke of Richmond's Elms
8 to 1 agst Sir J. Shelley's Cressida colt
TUX IML AY.
13 to 1 agst Lord Sligo'. Bras de Fer (taken)
14 to I apt Mr. Beardsworth's Co!wick
14 to 1 agst Lord Jersey's Filagree co.t
16 to 1 agst Lord Exeter's Ilientus
17 to 1 apt Mr. W. Chit)ley's Caleb
20 to 1 agst Lord Exeter's Bohemian
20 to 1 agst Lord Jersey's Blunder (taken)
25 to I apt TArd Ventilates Varennes colt
28 to 1 apt Duke of (?ration's Pastille colt
SO to 1 agst Lord Jersey's Cobweb colt
115 to 1 agst Sir J. Shelley'. Cressida cult
7to I apt tepee and Blunder (taken)
1200 to leOsigst Bohemian and Varmint.; (taken;
Oars.
11 to 1 apt Mr. liadler's Delight (taken)

SPADE CULTIVATION.

We have read with pleasure an interesting little
tract, entitled "Spade Cultivation, • tried ;for De
Years on an Estate in Wiltshire," by. a Magistrate
for the counties of Hants and Wilts. The author
details the history of un experiment, which lie begun •
ten years ago, to benefit u portion of the labouring
poor on his estate, and recommends his plan to the
imitation of others, both for the reasons which di- °
rected himself, and from the success whiCh has
crowned his efforts; but he calls for no legislative •
measure, and propounds no change in the edminis—
(-ration of the laws. His enterprise was not on a -
large scale, but the fruits othie experience are ire. •
vertheless of extensive application., We foie the
respectable Magistrate to explain. his;own plan brae
following extracts:—
" In the year 1820 I enclosed 100 acres of beethi'vety • ."
inditlerent wet land ; but capable of producing corn, by
management and some expellee: The great inducement
to break it up was, the advantage of proceringstraw in ii
pasture country. The commissioner advised me, td set
apart eight acres of this lead fur the poor of the tithing..
"Itis to the distribution of this mall piece-of gromomil
that I am particularly anxious to draw your attention.
" Several friends of mine endeavoured to dissuade me
from this application of my eight acres, stating the impos-
sibility of paupers manuring them sufficiently to render
them productive for more than three or four.years ; they
have now for 10 years, however, been most successfully
cultivated, and have proved such a source of comfort to
my village population, and happiness to myself, that I am
induced to publish the histmy of their management.
" My village is a good dead scattered ; the population,
about 160 souls ; anti the heads of the cottage families
about IS. The land wait, upon an average, about a quar-
ter of a mile from each cottage. The price of this heath,
to the farmer, was 16s. per acre, for a term of 14
a moderate rent, in consideration of its being cleansed from
the heath, furze, and briars. The cottager. had it at the
same rent, but from year to year only ; no stipulation was
made with the laver that in no event should they receive
•
parish relief, while holding the land—no threat that, if
they should accidentally require such aid, they should he
expelled from their holding—nothing, in short, to awaken,
their fears, or alarm their jealousies No cottager had
more than half an acre ; some, indeed, rather less, accord-
ing to the strength of the family : a few declined it;
send '
what they refused was given to some labourers of the iet.
joining village.
" Ira the spring, then, of 1820, these allotments were
measured, dug, and planted with potatoes. In the au-
tumn of that year, I fitted up a cottage in the village for
my own residence, during tlree months of the autumn,
which prefemnional engagements allowed to enjoy in the ,
country ; and from this time I speak of these things from
personal observation.
" 1 believe I am correct in saying Mit iu 1820 not one
of these humble tenants had either it pit;-sty or e 'pig.
The crops of potatoes for the first year, the produce of the
fresh soil, were very abundant. In the following year,
and ever since, with slight exceptions, the land has
been cropped as follows : one half of the halt' acre, viz. mine
quarter wheat, and one gutter potatoes ; about half the
latter portion hears a coarse and very prolific potato,the pig; the remainder, a better sort, for thsfun44
Protn'this one quarter of so mare of wheat, after,rsomerVing
enough to exchange with some Armes. for fisosh, aseed,),sm,
gather with the potato*, a great progress ft trieditic*OSfa
the subtenant* of the family for the whole year. fathoms
remind you, that my restricted quantity of land does not
prevent the earning of weekly wages besides."
The rent of these cottages has been regularly and
cheerfully paid, without any request for reduction.
Such is the state of the village. Now let us see the
result
When I first resided in the village, in 1820, I found
the people neglected, poor, uncivil, thieves, poacher., nits-
chievous, and idle. They are BM, I hope, attended to ;
they are certainly contented, civil, laboriout, and honest;
right years ago I suffered the usual country revenge,
for encouraging the good and punishing the dissolute--
I had my plantations twice, broken down sad destreyed.
During the late tumult. they have come forward 'a
man to protect limy property; no disturbances, however,'
have occurred."
The author of this little pamphlet is aguinst such
a large allotment of land as will enable, the cottager
to keep a cow, both because it takes up too much.of
hie attention, sod exposes him to too many .risks.
This might be obviated by the practice which pre.
wails in many parts of Scotland, of the master iiliow.
ing the labourer the use. of a cow, for the loss Of
which the latter would incur no hazard. ,'Our
author recommeodo isa allotment of half ass acre to
be cultivated by the spade, as preferable to a greater
port ion.
"Part of my heath land above-mentioned (12 item')
was let to owe of my tenante; he underlet it to some
labourers, of the next village, to clear it of the lunge anti
brambles. For three years they toiled upon it, end got
it into order ; at time end of that period the farmer gave
them notice to quit : they appealed to me, Considering
it hard, that, after the outlay of so much of their only
capital, manual lehour, they should be turned out, I pre-
vailed on my tenant to let them remain for the rest of his
term ; they have continued seven years on it, paying, as
have since heard, 80s. per acre, instead of 16s. It has
answered, however, to them all."
Care should be taken by those who intend to be-
nefit the poor by such an arrangement, to prevent
the interference of third parties, who might specultite
on the necessities of the cottagers, and raise thiiir
rent in proportion as they improved their alletment...
The author of the pamphlet found, even in the short
period of his experience, such a disposition, and
thus describes its effects;---

" But though I could, in a smell district like mine,
take these matters into toy (MI hands, I cm awore.thet
this is an evil not easily subdued in extensive parishea,
where these houses belong often to ohl vomit*, onions,
carpenters, and other cluwidatore, who eke out their only
itiooine from these wonreea; it is difficult, I confess, to
propose * remedy here. 'tut I would beg leave to inigge*t
to large landowners to be very careful, at the ilvailition
even of their own agents and stewards, how they grant
portions of the waste to such speculators-41)0re iv no
greeter cause of the increase of population, and souse.
quest pauperism."

In no "case should a middleman be surered to in.
terme between the propriStOr and the cottager—in
no Cale should there be any condition aiteched to
the tenure et the cottage to void possession if. the
occupant should be obliged to apply for pariah
though the probability of such a necessity is re-
dueed by the industrious and sober habits ranch
the plan tends to produce. The cottage system,
, with small pardons of land and garden ground
at-
tuehed-..say half an acre or an iscre-the land being
contiguous to the cottage,—appears to offer many
ad voltages, unequivocal, important, and CertaiO. It
itecares molly comforts to a poor femily;,. it On.
couragea industry end promotes sobriety.: By en-
dowing the labourer with the semblance of property,
nod teaching him the blessings of a home unvisited
by the overseer, ht encourages the honest pride of
independence, owl offers the bust:;, chance of oltt.
mately subduing or reducing some of the worst evils
of the pauper system...4lmm

Qp
Weilnestlay evening a sharp frost sot
since which tune it has continued with onabArd intensify.
Friday was the coldest day we have had this *room In
the morning thu thertnoirietee on Garnet Hill etand It 15
degrees-. 17 degrees below the fretting pint—while in
town it indicated 40 degrees, lit several parse the Forth
and Clyde caul was on Friday firmly (rote moss to a,
cot tidetable thickness.-y. Glavow Cw4rier.