The Sun.
London, England, 1837-10-06 00:00:00

EAST INDIA SHIPPING.

Arrivals, Oct. 5 -The Colombo, M'Kellar, from Bengal,
off Brighton, sailed May, from the Cape, July -, and St.
Helena, Aug. 9 ; H oratio, from the Cape of Good Hope, off
Portsmouth, sailed July 20, St. Helena, July 3, and Ascen-
sion, Aug. 11; Maria, Tnompson, from the Mauritius, in the
Downs, saied July 10; Janet, Berg, from Ceylon, off Dover,
sailed May 17.
Arrivals at S. Helena.-The Cambridge. Dofig,o?, Au-
gust, f. om Bombay, and sailed August 9, for London • Conn-
te ,s of Durham, Todd, A izust -, from Batavia, aid sailed
Aug. 9, for Cowes ; Paris, Kiog, from the Mauritius, and
sailed Auv. 9, for Ne,v York ; Fam.!, Purvis, from B ncoolen,
but did not anchcr ; Jane, Matt.iiite, Aug. 12, from Bourbon.
Arrivals at the Mauritius.-The Diadem, Walker, June-,
from Bordeaux, and sailed July 2, for Ceylon;
Duncan, from London; Lise, Deachant, June 23, f. o n Bor-
deaux ; Clarii.da, Antrim, June 25, from Bordeaux ; her Ma-
jesty's brig Pelorus, Harding, July 25, from Portsmouth, Ma-
deira, and the Cape ; Loobrow, Smith, from Calcutta ' • Sarah
Pearson, and Fortitude, Wilson, from Calcutta ; Lord do
Saumaiez, Scarboro, from Marseilles ; Fanny, Heriff, .June
26, from Calcutta ; Edward Robinson, Parsons, June 28, from
Pondicherry; Lady W. Horton, June 29, from Ceylon;
Eugenic, June 29, from Bourbon ; British Monarch, Purvis,
June 30, from Calcutta ; Lord William Bentinck, Hutchin-
son, July 2, from Calcutta, leaky in upper works, and sailed
July 2, for London ; Saucy Jack, July 3, from Tamatavo;
Piiilagtrope, July 3, from Nantes ; Maria, Paul, July 6, from
Bourbon ; Henry Tuke, Williams, July 6, from Batavia ;
British Monarch, Purvis, July 7, from Bourbon ; Lady Fitz-
berbert, Ferrier, from Calcutta for London, leaky, has been
obliged to land all her cargo, to heave down, as the leak is
still undiscovered; Palmyra, Loader, July 8, from Bombay;
Paragon, Cooke, June 21, from Bristol.
Departures from the Mauritius.-The John Bragshaw,
Blyth, and Ajax, Brenton, June 22, for Calcutta; Clarossic,
June 24, for Madras; Amelia Thompson, June 24, for Lon-
don ; Lord de Saumarez, Scarboro, June 25, for Tamatave ;
Sir Charles M'Carthy, June 26, for Sydney; Apprentice,
Cadenhead, June 26, for the Cape ; Prince Regent, Aitkin,
June 28, and Henry Turner, June 28, for Madras ; Manches-
ter, Dumas, June 28, for Tamatave : Malay, Welch, June 29,
for Ceylon; Falcon, Benin, June 29, for the Red Sea; Fran-
cois Honore, June 29, for Batavia ; Janet, Chalmers, July 1,
for Pondicherry ; Emma, King, July 1, for Algoa Bay ; Eu-
genie, July 1, for Pondicherry ; Iliclustrie, Mellon, July 2, for
Seychelles ; Paris, King, July 2, for New York; Diadem,
Walker, July 2, for Ceylon ; British Monarch, Purvis, July 3,
for Bourbon ; Susannah, Ridley, July 4, for Sydney ; Patriot,
Mullens, July 6, for Calcutta; Lord William Bentinck, Hut-
chinson, July 11, for London.

The French ship Alceon was lost on the coast of Madagascar
on the 13th of May.

VESSELS SPOKEN WITH.

The Duke of Roxburgh, Dessington, from Madras to Lon-
don, July 12, lat, 36. S. ; Scotia, Randolph, from Balangin
to Cowes, July 19, lat. 31. S., long. 24. E., crew sickly, and
lose main-topmast; Hindu, Locostiau, from Liverpool to Sin-
gapore, per Falcon, arrived in the Downs; Gentoo, Black,
from Bengal to London, Sept. 14, lat. 33. 22. N., long. 3E.
22. N., long. 38. 27. W. ; Kilmaurs, Thompson, from Cal-
cutta to London, Sept. 16, lat. 36. 13. N., long. 35. 51. W. ;
Thalia, Graham, from Bengal to Liverpool, Sept. 17, lat. 38.
4. N., long. 33. 30. W., per Colombo.

At the last sitting of the Academy of Sciences at
the Institute a highly-interesting note was communicated by
M. Poisson on the calculus of probabilities applied to the
decisions of juries, both in France and England ; on which,
as is well-known, he has published a work of first-rate
im-
portance. It appears that in England the number of indi-
viduals annually brought before juries have been gradually
increasing. From 1805 to 1812 the annual number for
England and Wales was nearly 5,000 ; from 1812 to 1819,
6,000 ; from 1819 to 1826, 9,000 ; and from 1826 to 1833,
43,000, During 1832 alone the number amounted to nearly
21,000. The number of condemnations has also increased,
but in a more rapid ratio than of the accusations, the
mean ratio of the former to the latter during each of
the four periods above specified being expressed by
the decimals .60, .63, .68, and .70 respectively. Since
1832 it appears that this ratio has remained nearly
constant ; the numbers of accusations being 22,451
in 1834 ; 20,942 in 1835 ; and 20,713 in 1836;
and the ratios of condemnations being expressed by the
decimals .712, .703, .711, .718. In France, for each of the
years 1832, 1833, 1834, during which the Legislation has
tot been changed, the ratio of condemnations to accusa-
tions has also remained unvaried, but has amounted to only
.59, which gives a difference of nearly .1 in favour of
France.. If, however, the number of prisoners sentenced
only to imprisonment be subtracted from the total number
of condemnations—of which they form about two-thirds in
England and one-half in France—ii will be found that the
ratios of heavy punishments differ very slightly between the
two countries, and that their value is very nearly one-
fourth of the total number of accusations. Before 1831
the ratio mentioned above was .61 for France ; out of
which .7 expressed the proportion of persons con-
demned by seven votes out of twelve in the jury ;
and, therefore, if this latter decimal be subtracted
from the former we shall find that the number of con-
demnations pronounced by a majority of at least eight to
four in the jury was about as 54 to 100, or 54 of the whole
number of accusations ; a proportion that was found to exist
exactly in the year 1831, when the law of juries fixed that
majority as the minimum on which a sentence could be
pronounced. In Belgium, where the majority of seven to
five only is required, the ratio of 61 also exists. Similar
proportions prevail in civil causes in France, where the
annual number brought before the Courts of Premiere In-
stance and the Cours Itoyales amounts to an average of
8,000, and the ratio of verdicts for plaintiffs to the whole
number of accusations, in 1832, 1833, and 1834, were re-
presented by the decimals .61, .67, and .69, respectively.
—Galignani's Messenger.

A Busy-BODY.—A Down-East editor says—" I
have to edit my paper, keep my books for the paper and
other business, do all my out-door business, put up all orders
for goods, do all my correspondence, generally direct my
papers, wait upon my customers, have the care of my print.
ing•oflice, saw and split my wood, ►nake my fires, feed my
hens, instruct my children, tend babies, besides other plans
and other business. With all this and rigid economy, I
hope to gain something when I get a good start !".—American
paper.

The Railway Advocate speaking of the unprece-
dented speed of the locomotive on the New Jersey Railway
on a recent occasion, says—" Two inches more of steam,
Mr. Smith, and the trip through would not have been ob-
served at all r