The Sun.
London, England, 1830-12-16 00:00:00

had always believed that there were many valuable modes.
He himself had proposed two modes to the house of
Common*: the first was, that every householder
should have the right• of euffrage; and he had pro-
posed that because he believed that it was at that time as
much as the country had any chance of obtaining, and be-
cause he believed that it would be a sort of universal suf-
frage, for if the Lead of every family in the kingdom bad
the right of voting, the number would be so great, that it
would be impossible for the aristocracy to use the power
of intimidation. In the present case, however, he was for
waiting to see what the Ministers had to propose, for he
was now able for the first time in his life, to hope that
they had a good Government over them. The integrity of
Esti Grey was not to be doubted ; and, therefore, they
only had to consider whether his abilities were equal to
his integrity, and whether he had the means of judging
of the situation of the country.—(Hear.) With teepee,
to Lord Althorp, he thought that he was a man in every
way deserving of the 'people's confidence ; and if he had
more hair on ins head, he would say that it quite made
his hair stand on end to hear a Minister of the Crown, as
he had heard his Lordship the other night, vindicating the
late glorious efforts of the French people, and declaring
that he thought the time was come, when corruption was
to be put an end to, and that Treasury influence could no
longer carry on the Government. With respect to places
being abolished, the Ministry had shown their sincerity in
that respect ; for they had already got rid of more than
could have been expected ; and he therefore thought that he
had a right to say that they had given earnest of their good
intentions; in which case he held that nothing was so de-
structive to the good management of public affairs, as not
placing full confidence in those to whom confidence is
due. It was for this reason that he and many other
Members of the House had forborne pressing forward
questions which they considered to be of great importance,
hut which were perhaps calculated to 'minerals an Ad-
ministration only just come into Mice. There was, in
particular, one subject—he would not say so vital as Re-
form, but still very near his heart, which he had fully
determined to introduce to the notice of the House early
in the present Session—and that was the dreadful system
of flogging our soldiers.—(Hear, hear.)—He had, how-
ever, for the present avoided taking any steps on that sub-
ject, because he was unwilling to throw impediments in
the way of a Government willing to do its best towards
ameliorating the condition of the people. With respect
to distress, he did not understand how they were to talk
of its causes where the wisest writers on the subject could
not settle among themselves what these causes were.—
( Hisses.)—There only hope of arriving at that knowledge
was through the instruction of the people; but with all
former Governments it had been an object to tux know-
ledge, so that the people might continue ignorant instead
of becoming wise; it was, however, already sur-
prising how far the inhabitants of the manufactur-
ing districts were before their brethren of agriculture in
knowledge and information ; and, he would venture to
say, that there was many a mechanic in Manchester,
who would stand up at such a meeting as that, and make
it ashamed of having for a moment believed that machinery
was the cause of the distres of the country. But this
was a large subject, and he would not enter into it ; he
would content himself with saying that they had Ministers
who deserved their support, and a King who deserved
their• love ; and he, therefore, thought that they ought
now to feel a confidence, though they never had before.

Mr. MILLS moved an amendment to the resolution.
There were three estates in the kingdom, and they had
long petitioned Parliament in vain, and therefore he was
for petitioning the King, to direct his Ministers to bring
this question before Parliament. Sir F. Burdett might he
right in hie confidence in the present Ministry, hut if Earl
Grey were the Archangel Michael, he did not believe that
the Noble Lord could do any thing with the present House
of Commons. Mr. Mills finielud by reading petitions
which he proposed to be presented to the King and the
Houses of Lords and Commons.

Mr. Hosts said that he quite agreed with the petitions
of the lion. Gentleman, but he did not sea how they could
adopt them, as a petition was already prepared that fo l.
lowed up the resolutions which had already been carried,
while, on the other hand, Mr. Milla's petition did nut say
one word about ballot, a most vital point in the resolutions.
He thought that if they were now to adopt that gentle-
torn's petitions, they would be stultifying all their pre-
vious proceedings.--(Hear, hear.)

The petition prepared by the Committee was then read ;
it was as follows
To THE COMMONS OF' THE UNITED KINGDOM OF
GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, IN PARLIA-
MENT ASSEMBLED,
"THE HUMBLE PETITION OF THE FREEHOLDERS
OF THE COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, AT A MEET-
I NO DULY CONVENED BY THE SHERIFFS, AND
HELD AT THE MERMAID TAVERN, HACKNEY,
THE FIFTEENTH DAY OF DECEMBER, MR

Showeth,—That your petitioners are deeply and anxiously
impressed with alarm at the present unparalleled distressed con.
dittos of the people of this once happy, prosperous, and flourishing
country.
" That they have seen that commerce has long beets carried on
upon an Insecure basis—that distrust has for many years past per.
'elided all ranks of tradesmen, andlthat the productive classes have
been year after year, sinking into deep misery and misfortune, and
that at last unable any longer to bear up under their numberless
oppressions and privations, and stimulated. by hunger and resent.
meat, the poor have become the reckless destroyers of that food
and property which they heretotbre industriously laboured to
produce and protect.
That, in the opinion of your humble petitioners, these evils,
and many others which have long afflicted the country, have
been produced by wasteful expenditure of money, which has
been extracted under the sanction of oppressive laws from the
labours of our industrious people : by the enormous expenses
incurred for wars, carried on against the rights and liberties of
mankind ; by the ruinous transition in the nominal value of
property, consequent upon unreasonable changes in the cur.
rency ; by the transition from a restrictive system of commerce
to one of comparative freedom, t nacc.mpan ed by a reservation
for cheap bread; by the cruelly oppressive character of the Corn
Laws, through which the landlord was enabled to extract high
rents front the farmer •; and hence the farmers were compelled
to reduce the wages of the labourers almost to starvation • by
the pernicious tithe system under the operation of which the
cultivators of the land had been reduced to look upon those who
should lie their best friends as their bitterest enemies; by a sys.
tern which has in many instances prevented the cultivation of
land—thereby lessened the quantity of the labourer,' food; by
the cruel and sanguinary Came Laws, from the ellbets of which
the labourers have been converted into poachers, and the
poachers into nocturnal thieves ; by the mai.administration of
the just and humane Poor Laws, which, in thousands of in.
stances, have caused the labourer to be deprived of his wages,
and his half-starved family to be deprived of that relief to which
they were justly entitled by law; by the expellee of supporting
unnecessarily a large standing army during fifteen years of un.
disturbed peace; by the extravagant and unmerited salaries,
sinecures, arid pensions, paid to public men, their wives and
their daughters.
" That these and many other abuses exist, which your peti.
tioners will nut occupy your time by describing, because your
humble petitioners have already repeatedly laid them before
your Honourable House.
a Your bumble petitioners, therefore, earnestly pray that they
may be spared the further misery of such buses and protected
against similar inflictions for the future, by such Reform in your
lion. House as shall give to the people their due influence in
framing every measure of Parliament; which Reform, in the
opinion of your petitioners, can neither be useful nor satisfsc.
tory to the people, if it do not secure to theta such Parliaments,
the right of voting to every man who contributes to the taxes
and parochial rates,and that only security for pure and Incorrup.
tilde elections—vote by ballot ; and it is the firm opinion of your
humble petitioners that if Rennin to this extent be not speedily
adopted, thepeople of this country will become the victims of
11.11 the calamities and horrors of a civil war."
This petition was tulopted by the meeting ;`and a similar
one to the King was carried, Mr. Mills withdrawing his
amendment.

Mr. BYNG next addressed the meeting. Ile said that
the two greatest evils in the institutions of the country
were the eineeure offices and the defective representation of
the people. The sinecures were of little use to any Mi-
nistry, as every Minister invariably made the best use of
his time while he held office, and gave away, in perpe-
tuity, as many sinecures to his friends as he could. Thus
it hal happened that a new Ministry was often in danger
of a defeat by a majority composed principally of sine-
cur:tuts in the party of their predeceesora. The defects in
the Representation were chiefly occasioned by the decay
of towns, which ultimately became private property, so
that one individual frequently sent us many Members into
Parliament as did three whole counties. It was a great
evil, also, that the great towns which had grown up since
the llevolutinn were unrepresented. Anxious as he was for
Reform, he would never give hie consent to the adoption
of the ii411a,...-(Biasses and cries of " off, off !" were
continued for seve.ral .7ninatoi, the lien. Gentleman vainly
endeavouring to obtain a bearing.
The uproar subsided
only upon his withdrawing from the front of the platform.
Ilia retreat was famed by immense cheering.)
carte forward, and was greeted with
lo
endeavoured to obtain a
hearing;
ctlinl
rilirca'aifaum
otriAEillnln.es. uynio
ow inly
crowd
exclaiming,
Ilyng
is
t()lls;tan4theme"ti"Ft of his name by Mr.
receivedljproe rues ' by persevering hirees and uproar.
Mr. flow at length proceeded to state, that as that
was the first opportunity which he had had of addressing
the freeholders of Middlesex, he would avail hirmeif or it
to return them his earnest thanks for the a highly nattering
manner in which they had conferred on him the distin-
guished honour of representing them in Parliament. They
the pledge of his future cmluet, on which he would rely
had placed their confidence in him, taking
for the retention of that .con his former a*
confidence, He did not think,
with the Hon. Member for 7Westtninstsr, that the± present
meeting wee inconsistent with a due confidence in the new
Administration. For his part, he (Mr. Ilume) did hope
that they would act on the principles which they had pro-
hosed—retrenchnient— Reform, and annfirsterference with
the affiiire of other nations. Ile haul a right to confide in
men with whiny he bad so long acted, unless they fur.
feited that confidence. lint he considered that the meet-
ing, far from opposing them, was really strengthening
their heeds. Its believed that he showing himself the beet

friend of the Ministry, by not turning round with them, 1
but remaining in his place, and keeping them to their
pledges. He was a friend to the Monarchy, as recog- '
nixed by the Constitution ; he wished to maintain
King, Lords, and Commons, and to preserve to the
King his authority—to the Lords their privileges—and
to the Commons the controul of the public purse.—
(Cheers.) The country possessed sufficient capabilities to
enable it to recover from the evils brought on by misrule.
The Government bad no need of a military establishment
consisting of eighty thousand men, either to act against
foreign nations, to maintain peace at home, or to be em-
ployed in the colonies. He had on a former occasion,
when supported by very few Members of the House of
Commons, opposed the sending of five thousand men to
Portugal on the authority of a letter. He did not think
it right that this nation should interfere in the domestic
concerns of another; but least of all did he think it right
that any Minister should have a large number of armed
men at his dispoial.—(Cheers.) Those persons who were
so ready on the least pretence to send off armies to inter-
fere with other nations, did so with a desire not to sup.
port freedom, but to suppress it.—(Cheers.) He had a
few evenings ago opposed the application for an addition
of 6,000 men to the army, to keep order in the disturbed
districts. On that occasion he had said that the discon-
tent would be more certainly allayed by deducting 20,000
men from the present force, than by increasing it. If he
had the right to advise the King, he would recommend
him to trust to the affections of the people, rather than to
a host of officers and men, who took from the people what
would be sufficient to maintain them in competence.—
(Cheers.) Was it the part of a paternal Government, when
discontent raged through the country in consequence of
distress, to keep up this expenditure to fifty-five mil-
lions, when that of all other men had been diminished
one-half? The majorities by which he had been so often
defeated on those subjects proved that Government could
not be honestly carried on without a reformed Parliament.
His Hon. Friend the Member for Middlesex seemed not to
be aware that times were altered, since he (Mr. Byng)
belonged to the city of the friends of the people. At that
time the reformers would have been satisfied without the
ballot ; but the continued denial of their more nieoderate
claims hail driven them to demand tse whole of their
rights, of which, in the beginning, they would have con-
tented to compromise a part. He would now turn to the
Church.—(Cheers and laughter.)—No man had more
than lie a respect for religion. He had had the good for-
tune to he brought up in a country where the Ministers
of religion are really the instructors and the friends of
the people, and where they are found touch oftener in the
cottage of the labourer than at the table of the Lord. In
asking for the Reform of the House of Commons lie did so
because he thought that that would lead to all other Reform
—(Cheers)—and that when the Houneof Commons was the
House of the people they would no longer hear of those
abominations which were at present a disgrace to England
and the name of the country.—(Applause.)—He had
no objection to look with a favourable eye on the measures
of the present Ministry; and with respect to the Noble
Lord who was Chancellor of the Exchequer, he believed
him to be a most honest and single-minded man. lie
could not, however, help objecting to the constitution of
the Cabinet which for two Commoners contained eight
Lords—a preponderance that to him did net appear to be
in accordance with the temper of the times.—(Applause.)
—Let who would be Minister he could at all events assure
them that grateful for the high honour which they had
conferred on him by making him their representative, be
should continue those exertions which had received their
sanction, and endeavour by making himself useful to his
constituents—the freeholders of Middlesex—to make him-
self useful to the country at large.—(Cheers.)
Mr. WAKLIY said, that before he made a proposition to
them he would take the liberty of expressing his regret
that they had not listened to Mr. Byng's reasons why he
would not vote in favour of the ballot. They were strong
in the righteousness of their cause, and need not be afraid
to hear all that could be said on the other side ; besides
which they hail enemies abroad, who would be glad of this
opportunity for saying that when an opponent of the ballot
presented himself he was not allowed to give his reasons
for that opposition. He therefore hoped that they would
give Mr. Byng an opportunity of stating what his reasons
were for not voting for the ballot.
Cries of " Byng, Byng !" and 4. Hear him, hear him !"
arose in different parts of the room ; but the lion. Member
for Middlesex declined again presenting himself to the meet-
big, and shortly after quitted the assembly.
Mr. WAKIAY said that as the Hon. Gentleman declined
stating his reasons when he hail an opportunity of doing so,
he should take it for granted that be had no reasons to
state. One thing, at all events, was evident—that while
Mr. Hume was giving his vote in favour of the ballot, Mr.
Ilyng would be voting against it, and thus the county of
Middlesex would be neutralized in the House. It was
likewise metes* requesting Mr. Byng to support their pe-
tition in the House, and lie should, therefore, move, that
Mr. Warburton be requested to support it.
This motion being seconded, was carried unanimously.
The usual votes of thanks were then passed, after which
the meeting separated.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRENCH PAPERS.
(From the Journal de Paris of Sunday.)
REVOLUTION IN POLAND.

It was in the evening of the 29th November that the in-
surrection was first commenced by the under Ensigns. It
was excited by the abhorrence which they had to witness
the ignominious deaths of twelve students, who bad been
sentenced by a Court-martial to be shot, for having sung
the " Marseillois Hymn." The first point to which the
Ensigns directed their course was to the arsenal; they took
possession of that post, which contained 70,000 guns, and
100 pieces of cannon. The Grand Duke Constantine
was then at Belveder, about three miles from Warsaw.
The fighting continued during the whole of the night, and
on the following morning the people remained masters of
the city. The regiment of Engineers was the first to
revolt. The French tri•coloured cockade was instantly
adopted with mice of " Vire Lafayette, the friend of
Koseitteko, for ever !" They went to the house of the
French Consul in search of the tri-coloured flag ; and
having found it, although the Consul (M. Durand)
was suspected of being a Congregationist, and attached to
the fallen dynasty, they joiued the Polish white flag and
the tri-coloured one together, and hoisted them in that
state. The National Guard is being raised.
Prince Adam Czartorisky, who, no doubt, will be called
to the throne of Poland, was born January 14, 1770,
and is the son of Prince Adam Casimir Czartorisky, and
is descended in a direct line from the Jagelloas, Grand
Dukes of Lithuania, who reigned over Poland for so !nag
a period. He was educated in England. On returning to
his native country, in 179.5, he was sent to Russia as a
hostage, along with his brother Prince Constantine. At
Petersburgh he located a particular friendship with
Alexander 1., and became Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Prince Adam withdrew from public affairs after the peace
of Tilsit. It was only the character of Alexander which
he admired; end, out of all the decorations which the
Emperor offered him, the oily one he accepted was that of
the White Eagle of Poland. He strenuously opposed the
rigorous measures which Russia wished to adopt when
Napoleon offered the Poles a chance of independence. Prince
Czartorisky accompanied him to France in 1814. He was
appointed Curator of the University of Willie, but, having
espoused the side of the students accused of seditious plots,
he was replaced by N. Novossiltzeff. An impeachment,
drawn up by the latter, furnished grounds for the greatest
cutugium on Prince Czartorisky ; M. Novossiltzoff accused
hint of having prevented the union of the Russian and
Polish students. Prince Adam haleiv;liiiegeninleagdrienagt,ruetiicett:
the
pntTehnellttaie' a
smalarvgeeryanidlusieptlenilifleid, library, to which any
one could obtain admittance who chose.

Chlopieki, who is at the headniTtil the Polish troops,
was born in Poland, and went through his first campaigns
+luring the war of independence, and fought unremittingly
under Dombrowski in Italy. lie commended the first
regiment of infantry of the Vistula in the campaign of Po-
land, in 1807. Ile cortunanded the four regiments of the
Vistula in Spain in 1808 ; he aided at the siege of Sara.
gow, and he contribined to the success of the battle of
B,gunto. Ile was General in a Brigade in the Imperial
Guard in 1812, and teas afterwards wounded at Smolensk°.
When the army returned to Poland, the Grand
Duke Constantine took the liberty of criticising the ap-
pearance of the division under Chlopieki. The review
took place in the Court-yard of the Pilaco of Sur, The
indignant at those remarks, said to the Prince, ?enitesrvalei: not in this place that I obtained my rank and
order*, and it is not here that I will allow my honour to
be sullied." On that very day be retired from the eervice.

Eight o'clock at Night.
The news which we announced yesterday is confirmed.
Two Generals of the Polish army, Maurice flauke (a
o,pnan by birth) and Vincent Krasinski, tools of Russia,
have been banged, besides wrens! Colonels. It is said
dust (1 neral Its soicoki has shared a similar fate. The
Polish regiment which crossed the Vistula with the Grand
Duke Constantine is the regiment of Chasseurs, cam.
mended by General Eornatowski. It is rather strange
that this regiment was full of conspirators in 1826, and
that most of the officers are patriots. The two Russian