The Sun.
London, England, 1808-07-27 00:00:00

No. VI.

April 7, 1808.
, " This morning, at six o'clock, a French detach-
ment appeared at the .gate of his Holiness's Palace,
and the porter on duty having intimated to the Of-
ficer who commanded it, that he could not permit
armed persons to enter, hut that if be was desirous
of comingib by himself, he would not prevent him,,
the latter appeared satisfied. He ordered the troops
to halt, and to fall back some paces. The porter
then opened the wicket, and
,allowed the Officer
to enter.

" But he was hardly on the threshold when he.
made a signal to the soldier~, who immediately rush-
ed forward and presented their bayonets to the por-,
ter's breast. • .• •

" After having gained admission by such deceit,
arid violence, the soldiers pushed forward to the
guard-room of the Militia of Campidoglio, in the
interior of the Palace, immediately broke open the
doors, and seized the muskets with which this Mi-
litia were-accustomed to mount guard in one of the
nnticliambers of his Holiness.

" With equal rioknce the French troops rushed
to the quarters of liis Holiness's . Noble 'Guard, and.
seized the carbines which they made use of when
they mounied guard in the apartment next to that of
his Holiness.

" A French Officer then addressed the Captain of
the Swiss Guards, and told him, as well as the few
soldiers there assembled; that from that day the Swiss
Guards were to receive their orders from the French
General; to which they would not consent.
"• The same order was communicated to the
Commander of the stationary guard, on duty at the
barriers, who also refused to acknowledge it,
and' was in consequence immediately sent to the
Castle.

" In the mean timedifferent French detachments-
scoured the town, and arrested and carried to the
Castle all the Noble Guards, even including their
Commander.

" The Holy Father, apprised of these horrid out-
rages, overwhelmed by the grief .which they have
produced, has expressly ordered the Undersigned to
protest strongly against them, and to declare frankly
to your illustrious Lordship,
.that each day adds to
the measure of the.- inSultsv which are pouring on his
.sacred person, and that he is every day more and
more deprived of his rights as a Sovereign.
" It was not sufficient for the French. army to
•signalize its entrance into Rome by planting cannon
ag.nti,t the Palke of his 'Holiness, :md otiering such
uov.:orthy violation to his residence, but it has added
to this violence by forcing the Swiss Guard, and en-
. tering with arms into the peaceable abode of the So-
vereign Pontiff, rudely bursting open the doors, and.
seizing the arms rather intended for the- honour
than the defence of his sacred person, arresting his
guards, and, in short, depriving him, by these vio-
lent measures, not only of his guards, but even his
honour.
" His. Holiness requires, in the first place, that
the individpals of his guard who have been
in
isoned without any reason, an.' Contrary to every
principle of right, be liberated ; and he, afterwards;
declares solemnly, that to all these outrages he - only
opposes and will Oppose patience; and during the
• titne such treatment may continue, that meekness
of which hiS Heavenly Master has left him al, ex-
ampl. His long imprisonment, and the injestice
which he has experienced, have made hint a spetta-
' cle to the world, to angels, and to men. He awaits
- with resignation, fret with an unshaken firmness in

CAPHARA.

, , . • . .
. . . . .
liis princip.res, all that vioi.nce can :dtenipt aglinsl
the head r of . the Catholic 'Church ; well assured
that any humiliation
,he may receive will turn to the
gim-y-of religion itself. •
: - ‘‘ Such,-preciselyr are the semiments which his
Holines's commands me to express to yotir illus-
trious Lordship. He renews to your Highness the
assurance,
.&c. -, ...-
, " P. Cardinal
.GABRIEI,LC
. ..
44 To -Al. Lefebvre, French Charge d'Affaires."'

No. VII.,

" April il, 1.808.
q. When his Holiness perceived with no less su-r-
-priie than grief,' that his. troopS Were • forcibly in-
corporated with the French army, and that punish-
ment was inflicted on such of them as remained
faithful to their lawful Sovereign, he thought it pro-
per that his Guards, and the few Militia of canipi-
doglio and of the barriers, who were not yet incor-
porated and placed under the command :of the
French General, should wear a new coclude.
" The objeCt which his 'Holiness had in thus
changing the cockade; was to signify-publicly how
.much he disapproved the violent 'incorporation
which took place, and to manifest his firm determi-
nation to remain neutral, and to be in no ways re-
sponsible for the atlions of the incbtporated soldiers,
whom he no longer considers as belonging to him.
This reason was, by order of the Holy Father, offi-
cially notified to your illustrious Lordship, and to all
the -Diplotnatic Body, to whom, accordin4 to the
established usages, a pattern of the new cockade was

sent.
After a preliminary declaration of this frank na-
..

tore; his Holiness never could have conceived that

the purity of his intentions would becalumniatedl;y..
The circulation of a report that the new cockade was
the signal of an union against the French army, as
inserted in the Order.of the Day which was yester-,
day published and .posted in every quarter of Rome,
as well as in the ProvinceC
" The Holy Father is willing to believe that this
Order was the consequence of the false repreienta-
tions made to his Majesty the Emperor and king.
" In fact, if the real objed which his Holiness
had in changing the cockade had been communicated
to his Majesty, had'he also been acquainted that,th'e
- French , Military Commander bad ordered "it-to be
worn by all the incorporated troops, he surely would
not have designated it as a signal of union against
the French troops, since it was worn by those very
troops who composed part of the French army.
" Although the Holy Father is well persuaded
that the people of Rome, and the whole world, will
render justice to his pure aid loyal condud, and that,
he is also equally certain that do one Will adopt' the
suspicions by which the Minister at a God of Peace,
-possessing no malice, is pointed out as conceiving
projects of revolution and blood; nevertheless the
horrible colours in whiCh an at of his HolinesS, the
most innocent possible, is endeavoured to be repre-
sented, have afflicted him with such poignant grief,
that he has ordered the Pro-Secretary of State, Car-
dinal GABRIELLI, to complain to -your illustrious
Lordship, and to. request you, in the name of all
that is true, to acquaint his Majesty With the real
point of view in which 'this change of ' the cockade
`shoilld be considered.

" The Holy Father, always consistent, de2lare3-
solemnly, that the Orders of the Day, published and
posted up, are highly injurious to his charaaer, his
dignity, and his rights as Sovereign ; that, comform-
able with the right which every Prince has, of mak-
ing their troops wear whatever distingUishing marks
they think proper, he ordered the new cockade, for
the purpose of shewing the world that he no longer.
recognised as his the troops who were incorporated
with and placed under the command of the French ;
and that, without having coimnitted any crime,
`and only for having discharged their duty in obey-
ing their Sovereign, the persons who composed his
noble, Guards, and- some other.Otficers, have been
imprisoned.

To relieve the innocent, the Holy Father re-
quires and claims their liberation, which he has hi-
therto demanded to no purpose, and which at pre-
sent be claims again.
" The undersigned having faithfully performed
the orders of his Holiness, has the opportunity of
renewing to your illustrious Lordship the assur-
ance, &c.

" Cardinal GABazdu."
" M. i,efetvre; French Cha,ge d'All'aires."

No. VIII.

COPY OF A NOTE FROM HIS EXCELLENCY M. DE

CHAMPAGNY TO HIS EXCELLENCY CARDINAL

" The undersigned Minister for Foreign Affairs
of his Majesty the Emperor of the, FRENCH, King
of ITALY, 'has laid before his Alajesty the Note of
Cardinal CAPRARA, to which he is commanded to re-
turn the following answer :

" The gmperor cannot recognize the principle,
that. the Prelates are not the subje&s of the Sove-
reign under whose authority they are born.
" As to the second question, the proposal of his
Majesty is, and from which he will never depart,
that allJtaly, Rome, Naples, and Milan, shall enter
into an offensive and defensive Treaty, for the pur-
pose of. removing from the Peninsula commotions
and hostilities.

' " If the Holy. Father accede to this propels:*
every thing. is settled.: If he refuse it, he announces
by such a determination that he wishes for no al-,
• rangetnent, no peace with the Emperor, and that he
is at war with him. The titst consequence of war
is conquest, and the result of conquest is change of
Government : for if the Emperor: is under the ne-
cessity of going to war with Rothe, is •he not also
under the necessity of conquering it, of changing
the Government, of establishing another which shall
make common cause against the common enemy
with the Kingdoms of Italy and Naples ? What
other
,guarantee could he-have for the tranquillity
and security of Italy, it these two Kingdoms were
fl,lparated by a State in which their enemies Vvould
be certain of meeting a cordial reception.
"These Al t era t ions, become necessary if the Holy
Father persists in his refusal, will take away from
him none of his spiritual rights.- wilt continue
Bishop of Motive, as his .predeCessorS Were during,
the eight first ages and under eIIARLEdAdNE. It
willi however; be a subjeta, of. grief to his Majesty,
to see the workS of genius; of pbritical wisdom, and
of understanding, destroyed by imprudence, obsti-'
tracy, awl Undn?ss. •

" At the very moment that the Undersigned rc,
ceived orders to return this answer to Cardinal CAP..
hereceiVed:the note of the joth of March,
which, his EminenCe did him the honour of writin,g
to him. this note has two objects .in view the
first to announce the 'cessation of the Owe's of the
Legate of tho Holy Chrlir, to notify it .against the
ordinary forms and usages at the eve of Holy Week;
at a time when the Court of Rome, if it were still
•animated by a true evangelical spirit; would feel it
its duty to multiply spiritual succours, and to preach,.
k'jts example, nylon amongst the faithful. But be
this as it may, the Holy Father having withdrawn
his powers from his Eniinence, the 'Emperor
longer acknowledges him as a Legate. :file French
Church re.asSurnesthe•ffill.integrity of its do rive.
Its knowledge, its piety Will. continue- to preserve
in France dieCatholiC Religion, which the Emperor
tivilt alwayi con Sider 'it his 4,tlOry to defend, atid cause
to be respeaed.:__

" The second obJea of the Note Of his Ficel.-
lency Cardinal CAPEARA, is to demand his' passports,
as' Ambassador.. The Undersigned 11A the honour
to enclose them': laic Al.ijesty sees with regret this
formal demand of passports, which the pradico of
rnodetn times regards.as a real declaration of %1
Rome is then at war with France, and in this state
Of affairs Iris Miijesty is obliged to
,issue the or-
ders which the tranquillity of Italy rendered ne-
cessary.

"'Tye resoltiiion to produce this rupttire has been
chnsenbv the Court of Rome at a tirfie when it be;
lieves that its arms are powerful enough to show that
it may have recourse to other eactiemities., but their
effeas'will be Checked by the illumination of rbe
age. Temporal and spiritual authority are no longer
'confounded. The royal dignity consecrated by God
himself is above any altacit. •
" The Undersigned that the observai ions
which he is ordere.d to transmit to Cardin, r
may induce his Holihess to accede to the proposii of
his Majesly. lie has the honour to renew to his
Excellence" the assuralices of his highest cori.
sideration," " CitaMkAGNy."

r

The. following-is an Extra6t of a Letter from a , t
young Naval Officer, to. hii Friend; dated cortinna,
t
July 8 :—;"rhe Spaniards appear firmly united and
wound up to the highest pitch of enthost:lsiu. BY
the Brig-from England we have an interchange of
Messengers ; the dispatches which conic; horn thence i
are, so pleasing and gratifying to the Spaniartis, that- • . , •
they have been tiring salutes- the whole afternoon;
The intelligene6lby their courier trom the interior i§ _
still more gratifying to an _Englishman ; it ini ly, the
defeat of 18,000 French, being a detacittnent of
MIYAAT's army ; the action took place ne ir Sara-
gossa ; . they were endeavouring •to force their way • •
to the Frontiers, and gain-one of the liassts of the
Pyrennees ; 15,000 were killed, the remainder &A; • z i
and the next day threw down their arms and surren-
dered
at discretion ; among them are the Generals . I.
MOUTRAYE• and LEFEBVRE. The Spanish force -
a.i
Consisted of 24,000, the greater part armed with : *
swords, and• daggers only. We are received on ' i
shore by the Spaniards (whom we were blockading S
!
a few months singe with tbegreatest strictn.-s), and %
treated with the greatest attention amid cordiality.—. . I
Corunna is strongly fortified, but I cannot say much • i
for the beauty of the place." ,
On Saturday last Louis XVIII. with, the Ptince .:
-of CONDE, the Duke DE 9RAMMON'T, the Comfit i'
GRIMALDI, and others of his suite,. visited •
the East •
and West India Docks, concluded by G. MILL Er:,
_. _
. -.
Esq. one of the Dire&ors of the East India CoMpany.
HIS MAJESTY, and the Noble Personto.s attending
him, appeared most anxious to inspect thos6 India- ,
'men who had encountered 1...6,T0t5, and latterly Ley
Piedrizontaise Frigate. Of the latter, lie went on
board theilion.Company's Ship Scaleki Castle, which.
bore evident- andt deep, marks on her 'sides of the
aced of the Frenchman's. shot.' He wa'i here re- . 1
ceived byMr; •Nictibia.s, Chief, and the other Otli- , 7
cers of the' Ship; Who entertaihed his Majesty vvith
a ccl.d collation, previously prepared: His Majesty
expressed•himself highly gratified at this Mail of at!" ~'
tention, and, after remaining on . board about an.
..
hour, departed apparently much'pleaSed, to inspect'. •
in like manner the West India Docks. His MA-
JESTY is very corpulent, but his' countenance is pat--;
ticularly open and engaging, and beaming intel-
ligence : he spoke but little English, but what he
did speak' was very distinEt, and delivered in a pecu-
liarly impressive manner. 0
Monday evening, about five O'clock, a young Wo-
man of genteel appearance threw herself into the *
Serpentine River. Two Gentlemen passing by at
the time jumped in after her, and brought her to•the
green bank alive. She refused 'telling her name, or
assigning any reason for attempting to 'commit the
rash ad. She was taken to Mount-street Work-
. house. ; . ,

As the coach which runs from Tunbridge to Lon-
don was oh its journey, on Friday last, with a great
many passengers, the leaders took fright at a dog
which- jumped' over a hedge at the moment they
were passing. The animals immediately set off at
full speed ;- and 'the coachman, who was also the
proprietor, and had driven the. stage for 15 years,
broke the reins in endeavourihg to yestrain.the im-
petuosity of his horses;• they ran at random for. a
considerable distance, when the coach, Overturned,
with violence, and was dashed to pieces. Many of
the pasSengers.were very much injured, several
fraautedlimbs and the coachman, in endeavour-
ing to extricate the horses from their harnes.s, re-
ceived a violent kick from one of them, which killed
him on the spot. The rest of the persons who were
injured, are in a fair way of doing well. .
On Monday night a Coroner's Ihquest sat upon
the body of Mrs. ROCHE, milliner, Bruton-street,
Bond-Street, who, on crossing the coach-way, Swal-
low-street, near Warwick-street, at ten o'clock, was
run over by a coach, and killed•on the spot. Verdi&
.--Accidental Death. It is something singular, about
a year and a, half ago her husband was killed near the
same spot by a horse running over him, and carried
home dead.

Saturday morning, soon after the first division of
the North York Militia left Cranbrook, Lieutenant
Clarkson, of that regiment, mounted• his horse for
the purpose of proceeding to Maidpone, but had not
rode far when the animal took fright, and set off at,
full speed: Lieutenant Clarkson soon lost his
and his foot unfortunately hanging in the stirrup, he
was .draLged nearly three miles along the road, and
was so miserably mangled, that there is coot the least
hop;s eh r;:covery•