The Sun.
London, England, 1863-10-03 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 3, ISM

LONDON, SATURDAY, ocr. 3, 1863.

The defeat of ROSENCRANz by the Confederates
is in some respects the most disastrous incident that
has yet befallen the Federal Government. It is
certainly the most disastrous that has happened to
them for many months past. It comes, for one
thing, at this moment, as so much of an anti-climax.
After Gettysburg, we were virtually assured by all
the braggart organs of the North that the contest
would be finished off with a rush. LEE was not
only beaten, but beaten irretrievably. his army
was not only driven back, but routed. Its flying
columns were disorganised throughout. MEADE
had only to follow up his victory with reasonable
vigour, and the Confederate Commander-in-Chief
was effectually done for, his army scattered, his re.
putation gone, the way to Richmond cleared before
the advance of the victors, President Davis re-
duced to a nonentity. Weeks rolled by, one of
the calendar months run out, another opened
up in its turn—the war was not at an end,
nor'anything like it—MEADE assumed the attitude
and occupied the position of anything bat a victo-
rious Generalisimo. LEE, it turned out, had retired
in the most deliberate and leisurely way imaginable.
His forces were in no respect disorganised, or even,
for that matter, in the smallest degree dispirited.
He simply assumed a new position, modified his
plans, altered his position again upon mature con-
sideration—his watchful opponent, it is true, moving
wherever he moved, but doing only that : respect-
fully keeping at a distance—waiting for, what has
not yet turned up, his opportunity. And now, while
this yet continues to be the situation of the war so
far as relates to the confronting Commanders-in-
Chief, MEADE for the Federals, LEE for the Con.
federates—come these tidings that the army
of General ltosENchANz, in Tennessee, has
been severely beaten in a great pitched
battle of two days' duration, has been clean
cut in two, has been mortally injured to the extent
of some twelve thousand men killed, wounded, and
captured ! ROSECRANZ having hitherto, all this
while, been, not only one of the ablest, but also one
of the most fortunate and generally successful
among the few eminent soldiers leading the forces
of Mr. LINCOLN in the field. Yet now—even from
Tennessee—como these tidings of a Fresh Victory,
another Great Victory, as it proves to be, on the
side of the Confederates! At this juncture of all
junctures, these tidings have come when the
Rowdy Government of the North, bespattered
with the mud into which it has been so often
knocked by `-e fierce blows cf its Southern an.
splashed with the mere hurry scurry of
tagonist,
so much systematic ekedaddling:(for strategic pur-
P'Es !), bleeding and almost blinded with rage and
punishment—was in the middle of sparring so defi-
antly With the most imbecile obtuseness of purpose
at the two principal onlookers amons ygethteencgraogwedd
in
observing Powers, not in any way
a
at England ! In
the war! At Prance, that is, and
the very midst of these flagrant
demonstrations of
defiance on the part of the North against France,and
against England, come
from Tennessee, tidings er
these
that the inopportunesouth tidingsn
forces
under BRGG proved shave ignally victorious, have
A
driven back, and cut in two the Federal array under
ROSENCRANZ, have put not only 110sENCR'ANZ,
himself, but BURNSIDE, who was hastening (lesilna
lank-) to the aid of that now defeated brother-in"
arms, in a position of fearful jeopardy. At this now
turn in the events of the war, we shall he cu iou
to see what will be said by that Yankee
BOANERG ES of the Northern Press, MANTlArrAN—
eccording to whose bouncing estimate of things in
general, of late, as we recently took occasion to
remark, the war was to have been regarded as
already virtually at an end. How now, we should
like to know, about that extraordinary mission to
Europe e hunt to be undertaken by Mrs.AßETeeNcous,
the President ess? MANHATTAN certainly seemed in
his very last communication, at the close of hie
loudest and most brazen boasting, to evidence by
one passing remark, a sudden presentiment of evil
—namely, whore ho spoke of the certainty of gold
running up to 200 if 'Washington should chance,
atter all, to be taken by the Confederates !
A moment previously to his blurting out
of that wild but ominous supposition, the talk

'of NIANHATTAN and his fellows having been
all on the other side, all in regard to the possible,
probable, all but certain, seizure of Richmond, and
that immediately ! As certainly, now, at this mo-
ment, at this new turn in the course of events—
just as certainly as that the tidings of the defeat of
ROSENCRANZ in Tennessee must have carried dis•
may to New York and Washington, so certainly
these same tidings will hearten on the Southern
defenders of Charleston, while strengthening the
determination of the main Southern army under
LEE upon the lino of the Rapidan.

October
The first of October is a grand day in the medico,
profession, as one of the speakers affirmed on Thurs-
day. Mr. HEATON, of Charing Cross, declared that
"any day which divided into time the brief span of
all lives must needs be a memorable and even
solemn one ever afterwards." It was so with that
day, andthestudent would either look back to it with
pride and shame as his career had been praiseworthy
or the reverse. The general tone adopted by the
gentlemen who delivered the addresses was a high
I one, and the moral they sought to inculcate an
admirable one. It is not to be expected that uni-
versal application would be accorded to these elo-
quent and stirring remarks, because in every com-
munity some cannot, and others will not, compre-
hend or care for such things. There is every reason
to believe, however, that the words then uttered in
reason to those entering on the profession sunk deep
into many minds, and may, hereafter, be productive
of good service to them in their arduous vocation.
Dr. MARKHAM, at St. Mary's Paddington, made
one of the most brilliant speeches. He adverted, in
the first place, to the two obstacles that stood in the
way of their increasing their knowledge with refer.
ence to the effect of remedies over disease. One was

the unreasonable opinion entertained of certain reme-
dies curing certain ills, and the other was the unrea-
sonable practice,once so prevalent,and still sometimes
extant, of employing drugs where they were not
required as remedial agents. Again, it had been
objected by some that this was a sceptical age, and
insisted on proving the truth of all systems before
placing credence therein. He contested that there
was ground for this determination. To investigate
causes, " since the birth of the present generation
of men revolutions had taken place in the sciences,
alike of mind and of matter. The world had gone
on with giant strides in the path of civilisation,
such as centuries of former times had not beheld.
Science, now subjected to her searching analysis
all the opinions and eredulities of mankind. It
was idle to expect, therefore, that medicine should
be an exception to the rule, and escape the ques-
tioning of a remodelling age." There was great
wisdom in thus treating the subject to the students,
for no mistake can be greater for them to make, at
the outset of their course, than to suppose that all
they then acquire is the nc plus ultra
of acquisitive knowledge. As men proceeded
in their course they acquired the knowledge
that is imparted to experience, whieh often fur-
nishes them with precious stores. Also others, pur-
suing the same road, are in their turn making dis-
coveries and testing experiments, so that progress is
constantly to be made by those who are willing to
do so. Dr. MARKIIA3I forcibly illustrated his argu-
ment by stating that it was too much their custom
to prescribe drugs whether they were wanted or
not. In this they were still living, as it were, in the
dark ages of medicine, and he traced the spread of
many quackeries to this unfortunate custom, and
especially that most remarkable delusion homoeo-
pathy. There is doubtless considerable truth in
this assertion, and it would bcl well alike for the
interests of society, and the fame and fortune of the
medical profession, if these strictures took effect in

many quarters. Dr. MARKHANt concluded his im.

pressive address by reminding his hearers that the
study of medicine was a stern and rugged business.
Whoever adopted it as his profession must prepare
for struggles, encounter hardships, and meet with
disappointments. They had the consolation of
knowing that men of science did not practise
quackeries. Above, all he entreated them never
to let their moral sense grow dumb.
They might have to choose hereafter between
self-interest and ill-requited honest labour, yet
let them be brave and true to their consciences,
" Their success in life might not have equalled their
hopes and their deserts, it was not in the power of
men to ensure success, they might eves fail in the
struggle ; but so long as they obeyed the voice of
conscience and of duty, they might, like that knight

of old chivalry, who lost all in the battle, still
boast that nothing was lost, because his honour
was unstained." Something of the same ele-
viited model was held out by Mr. HEATON at the
Charing-cross Hospital. He observed that every
doctor should take care in building up his character
that the foundation-stones were duty towards his

u
GOD
ODE fearhead toh student isa
neighbour.
than
No
better
durin
wishhis
cold
lifeg
he
might work hard, do his duty, and, if need be,
thatshould die bravely—
" Ia some just cause, not in thine own.
To perish, honoured, wept for, known,
And like a warrior overthrown."
Surely no better incentives could have been held ont
to youthful aspirants than those here cited. The
medical profession ought not to be chosen by those
who are callous, indifferent men, for it is one that
pre-eminently calls for feeling and demands sym-
pathy. Those who look on men as machines, and
regard all suffering as immaterial, if only it con
conduce to their discoveries and evidenca their
theories, will never be true disciples of their call-
ing. Mr. MAUNDER, of London Hospital, empha-
tically expressed his conviction of the honourable
nature of their profession, than which none could
be higher, but " that great profession whose
ministrations were not physical, and whose
influence did not cease with the term of our
brief mortality." At University College Dr. Rus-
SELL REYNOLDS addressed the students very im-
pressively. He entered at some length into the
various difficulties that beset the mind of the
studious devotees of the profession. He advised
them to appreciate and combine the two points on
which many differed, one seeking to establish the
uniformity of the processes of nature, and the
other to discover progress in those processes.
Let them look at the world, and watch the same-
races, and
and yet the change. Families,nesswhile
way
place, "and the great world is over
nations have their decay, but one sunk
a
her took its
another
Vvans,
t through the ages one increasing purpose
I I doubt no
hut the great world also grows"—

And tile thoughts of men are widened by the process of the

suns..
thus concludes his admirable ad.
Dr. BEYNall' your earnest work to
dress :—." And- , lastly, in
our hereafter dail
know the laws of life, I
y
and in y
.ts beginning, in its troubles,
contact with life—at
and at its close—do act'
in recognising the divinely
appointed order of all events, lose sight of that
great divine plan of progress Which will surely
edveoelpveesttitievihi.ighleostugood out
pose in the suffering thusoutryo—ftebnusteetriy nivaoiruaily
_p utr:,
of much that now seems
assuage; a good in the death you feebly strugglu to
postpone. Regarding disease . as fraught with
meaning and purpose other and higher than the
mere change of organ, you eau see end bundle anti
i record in your psthologiesi note-boo ; looking 0

death as the fulfilling of some greater end than can
be represented in the Registrar General's returns;
though often saddened, often baffled in your unequal
conflict with those two great foes, you may see that
they also have a work to do, perhaps, more friendly
than your own." Altogether, there seems little left
to desire in these numerous addresses, and much
has been expressed that cannot be otherwise than
beneficial to those who heard them. It will be
fortunate, alike for themselves and the coming
generation, whom they will hare to serve, if they
follow the counsels, adopt the maxims, and choose
the roads indicated to them in these lectures. If
they seek honour as their pole-star to direct their
course, if they are true and just in their dealings,
and endeavour to alleviate as much as possible the
inevitable sufferings that they must minister to,
surely they may expect, even in this sad condition
of existence, to reach a happy goal, and trust that,
thoeyf motabyerssiusi
arduous
ea:n da
od anxiousoh eer
pathway,th the hearts
itnainan
they walk in the light of Truth, which grows
bright and brighter to the perfect day.

This is the season for travel and excursion among
all classes. Every one who can leave home for a
time is glad to change the scene, whether it be for
Alpine snows or gay Parisian streets, for a day's
shooting among the Scottish heather, or a saunter
at a fashionable watering place. With the excep-
tion of a few whose occupations are of too absorbing
a nature to be even for a time abandoned, the three
autumnal months find nobody in statu quo ; and,
as every one is on the wing himself, he with sym-
pathetic curiosity regards the migrations of his
neighbours. The movements of Royalty are usually
followed with a good deal of interest, although
they may only be prompted by the desire for change
on the whim of the moment: but just at present
there are certainly reasons why we should regard
the arrivals and departures of distinguished persons
with unusual attention. 'rho young heir of Eng-
land and his charming bride have just left the
Highlands after a pleasant sojourn among the most
individually peculiar but not the least loyal of their
future subjects. The object of their journey south-
wards is especially interesting, for the young bride,
who has so suddenly stepped from comparative
retirement into so brilliant a position, wishes natu-
rally to congratulate her brother on the almost
simultaneous change in his prospects. A year ago
they were living amidst a quiet domestic circle, not
even occupying the prominent position of the
children of the ruling monarch, The magic
wheel
revolves, and brother and sister are alike filling the
thoughts and engaging the hopes and interests of halt
Europe ; the careers that open out before them are
as splendid as they are fascinating, and however
high their hopes or great their capacities, they can
scarcely eclipse the destinies which has been assigned
them. The young Prince whose chance of a throne
was a few months since so dim and distant is now
an actual reigning Monarch. One of the most an-
cient peoples in Europe is impatiently awaiting his
arrival, looking to him to reorganise a distracted
state, and to revive in some degree the memory of
former glories. 'rho fair young bride, at whose
joyous nuptials all the graces and good fairies
seemed attendant, is naturally eager to wish her
brother GOD speed on the new and adventurous
course he is undertaking. The Prince and Princess
of WALES on their journey southward met and
greeted another young royal pair who are about to
traverse the route they have just passed over, whe
are also heirs to a throne but whose position at this
moment presents a painful contrast to their own'
The Crown Prince and Princess of PetussLa hold
indeed an honourable and responsible position. They
are looked up to in their own country as the har-
bingers of better and happier times, but at the pre-
sent crisis their position is by no means an enviah'°
one. Forced to look on while the perverse and
weak-minded KING, urged by the preposterous arrogance of his incapable minister, perils their own and
their children's inheritance ; unable to interfere
without aggravating the evil divided between filial
respect and duty to the people they hope to govern,
every stop they take must cause them perplexity
and distress. The lessons of history are not written
so faintly that youthful eyes cannot read them, and
our Princess at least must be enough of a
politician
to perceive some of the dangers into which the
rash and headstrong KING is plunging himself and
his country. The general excitement in Germany
is heightened just now by the notable project of a
Federal execution in Denmark —an undertaking
which, we may Suppose, the Princess Royal
and her
husband do not look upon with very friendly eyes.
Altogether, what with Russian alliances, Danish
quarrels, French designs, and internal dissensions,
Prussia is not just now a very suitable
dwelling-
place for the Crown Prince and his English bride.
It is pleasanter to be the welcomed and honoured
guests of our gracious SOVEREIGN than to be coldly
looked upon in the Palace of Berlin, or expected to
play a part which it is impossible they
should per-
form. Their visit to this country with their chil-
dren, a visit which it is expressly stated has no
definite limits, is at this juncture a significant cir-
cumstance. It will be productive, we may hope, of
sincere gratification to our beloved QUEEN, who
has now again beside her the two daughters who
left her side, together with the children who will
hereafter be proud to trace their descent to her and
her lamented Consort. Happily, whatever troubles
threaten the land of their adoption, the old country
still remains unshaken by any commotion, and the
young Princesses may well Strive to follow in their
mother's footsteps when they see how firm is the
sea t of a constitutional monarch, compared to the
treacherous foundations of a despot's throne. This
is a lesson which wo fear the King of PRUSSIA will
be slow to learn, and his
son has done wisely to quit
for a time the strife he
Could neither assist nor
control. The contrast between Prussian misrule
and English content would forcibly impress the
mind of the young-Prince, and we may hope the
painful experience he is now acquiring may tend
hereafter to benefit himself and his aubjects. The
Royal autumnal excursionists are certainly this
year worthy of notice, as being indications of
views and sentiments, if
not events, in themselves
important.

AUSTRIA'S FINE ART EXHIBITION will take
place on the 15th April, 1864, at Vienna.
,
ACIDS IN MAN,—Staphunc acid scarcely exists
in the animal economy, and not at all in the bones
of men in their normal state; but the fact should not be
lust sight of that the bones of rickety individuals contain up
to 4 per cent. of sulphate of lime. -11' itt iv acid, too, forms no
portion of any organic tissue ; it enters exceptionally into
seine human calculi. _Hydrochloric acid enters into the
composition of the gastric juice in the free state ; its phy-
siological function is to dissolve the albuminous substances
and the tissues yielding gelatine, and to transform them
into liquids which can be easily absorbed. .Phosphoric acid
enters into the composition of the bones, the muscles, and
nearly all the organic liquids associated with lime and mag-
nesia and alkaline bases. Carbonic acid and silica are the
only acids that Ordinarily exist in a free state in water.
Tha first forms ince,eantly in our tissues, and exists in
largo proportions in our blood. The volume, however, of
this acid contained in water (on the average 30 cubic cent.
Per litre), is so small that one cannot think it plays any
appreciable part. Vanguelin and Chevreul have found a
very small quantity of silica in the hair and beard, and in
wool. Fluorine makes a portion of the osseous tissue and
the enamel of the teeth. _lodine and bromine especially,
have ,been the subjects of much discussion, for they are
powerful modificators of the animal organisation, and act
in extremely minute doses, as has been shown:by the nu-
merous researches of past years upon the existence of these
bodies in the waters and air,

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

[REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.]

FRANCE.

PARIS, OCT. 3.

The Courrier du Dimanche of to-day, in an
article on the Polish question, says :—" The nego-
tiations between Paris and London have not yet
terminated, and we can state that the essential
bases of the preliminary negotiations entered into
do not sensibly differ from the conclusions drawn
by Earl Russell in his speech at Blairgowrie re-
specting the consequences of the non-execution of
the treaties of 1815 by Russia."
The Courrier du Dimanclie adds if, as is
probable, the negotiations have a favourable result,
it would not necessarily follow that France and
England would recognise the Poles as belligerents."
The article cohcludes by asserting " that the
French Government, always desirous of preserving
n
European character to the Polish question,
would not wish, by separating herself from Austria,
to break the concord between the Powers."
a

The Courrier du Dimanclie also publishes an
account of the negotiations and incidents connected
with the scheme of sending Count Walewaki, as
French Ambassador to London, and adds
,s This scheme is at present abandoned, but it is
believed that it will shortly be again taken up."

The illoniteur of to-day says :—" The illness of
Billault is nothing but a passing indisposition,
which has never given the least Cause for uneasi-

ness•

J3oURSE, Oct. 2.—The operations of the fettle-
went have been carried on without difficulty, and
the business done shows a slight improvement,
Threes, for the Account, being now at 68f. sc.
gobilier has undergone but trifling variation up to
the present time. Railway Share Market quiet,
but pretty firm. Prices again receded towards the
close, and left off as follows :-
41 per Cents .. 95 90
(331CBDIel.e.Iddrekeii:ttCsdlls eehinoar notnrbseoli ietterhl
311
331 6:685
057;75 905
Do, end m0nth....1193
s

Italian Loan 73 85
Do. end month 73 90
tie Nv ditto
Do. end month —
Russian
Austrian .. —
Spanish Threes 5l 75
Home Debt
iWANS.

RAIL'

Orleans
Northern

Cash. Account.
1025 .. 1027 50
992 50

- - -
Neer ditto
Lyons and Mediterranean 1030 .. 1005
Geneva..
Southern ...... 722 50
Western
eastern
Sardinian 423 75
Austrian
Lowbard
North of Spain
Saragossa 655 652 50
Ditto to Barcelona 360

FRANCE AND POLAND.

VIENNA, SEPT. 30.

The latest intelligence asserts that the Emperor
Napoleon made the following statement to certain
persons "That, on receipt of the news of a larger
insurrectionary corps having taken possession of
a fortified place, and the commander of that corps
possessing the talents required of a militarily
educated general, he would not delay the recog-
nition of the Poles as belligerents for an instant."

THE POLISH INSURRECTION.

THORN, OCT. 3.

An order of the day of the Revolutionary Town
Captain of Wbrsaw, dated Ist inst., announces that
the attempt upon the life of General Berg, took
place by order of the National Government. This
measure was adopted with the view of compelling
General Berg to declare his policy of extermina-
tion, which he would otherwise have carried cut
gradually and imperceptibly.

THE BOMBAY ANI) MAURITIUS MAILS.
The Vectis, with the above mails, arrived at six
o'clock this morning.
The mails were to leave for London at 10.30 a.m.

CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN

MAILS.

The Poonab, with the above mails, arrived at
Malta at 9 p.m. yesterday, and sailed for Alex-
andria at midnight.

right, brought his division into position for indepen-
. .

_ .
dent fighting, his line assuming the form of a horse
shoe along the crest of a wooded ridge. He was

soon joined by Granger, from Roseville, with a
division of Gen. M'Cook and Gen. Steadman's

division, and with these forces firmly maintained
the fight until after dark.
Our troops were as immovable as the rocks they
stood on. The enemy repeatedly hurled against

them the dense columns which had routed Davis

and Sheridan in the morning; but every onset was
repulsed with dreadful slaughter. Falling on one
and then on the other point of our lines, the rebels
for hours vainly sought to break them. General

Thomas seemed to have filled every soldier with his

own unconquerable firmness; and General Gran-

ger, his hat torn by bullets, rode like a lion where-

ever the combat was thickest. Every division com-
mander bore himself gloriously, and among them
Generals Turchen, Hazen, and Parker especially
distinguished themselves. Turchen charged through
the rebel lines with the bayonet, and being sur-
rounded, forced his way beck again. Parker, who
had two horses shot under him on Saturday,
forming his men in one line, made them
lie down until the enemy was close upon
them, when suddenly they rose and de-
livered their fire with such effect that the

assaulting columns fell back in confusion, leaving the

ground covered with killed. When night fell, this
body of heroes stood on the same ground oocupied

by them in the morning, their spirits being un-
broken. Their losses are not yet estimated.
General Thomas telegraphs (Monday forenoon)
that the troops are in high spirits. He brought off
all his wounded. Of the sick and wounded at
Craw fish Spring, including our main hospital, nearly
ail had been brought away.
The number of passengers taken by the enemy
will hardly surpass two thousand, besides the
wounded, of whom not more than one thousand
could have fallen into their hands. Of rebel pri-
soners we have sent thirteen hundred to Nashville.

Most of our losses in artillery were occasioned by
the killing of all the horses.

General Thomas retired to Rossville on Sunday
after the battle had closed.
General Rosencranz had issued orders for all his
troupe to be concentrated with the forces at
Chattanooga.
In the last two assaults our troops fought with
bayonets, their ammunition being exhausted.
The latest information that has reached this city
is from Chattanooga last evening, and was to the
effect that General Rosencranz would concentrate
on Chattanooga last night.
General Thomas had been engaged with the
enemy prior to five p.m. yesterday, and it was there-
fore questionable whether he would be able to reach
Chattanooga last night.
There were indications that the enemy were con-
templating a demonstration on another part of our
line last evening.
A rebel despatch has been intercepted on the
extreme front of the army of the Potomac, wherein
the rebel commander of the army of Northern Vir-
ginia is informed from Richrocind that Bragg en-
gaged Rosencranz on Saturday and Sunday, cap-
turing twenty pieces of artillery and five hundred
prisoners.

A prisoner taken from Bragg's army says that
Mobile has been stripped of troops for Bragg's
army, and that some troops have been sent to him
from Charleston. Also that troops from Lee's army
were in the late fight; in fact, that the whole Con-
federacy seemed concentrated there for the attack
on Roseneranz.

The following are tb9 particulars of the battle
in Tennessee on the 19th :

CINCINNATI, Sept. 21.
The Commercial of this city gives the folio wing
account of the great battle near Chattanooga on Sa-
turday :—" The battle opened at 11 o'clock, in the
vicinity of Widow Glens, on the road leading from
M'Lamore's Cave to Chattanooga. The fighting
soon became general, the rebels manoeuvring their
troops finely. Eatly in the action the rebels made
an impetuous charge on the famous Loomis Battery,
and captured five out of six guns belonging to it.
Captain Van Pelt, commanding the battery, was
taken prisoner. At 2 o'clock the contest was
perfectly terrific, the roll of musketry being far
more continuous and deafening than at Stones River.
At 2 40 p.m. our division centre was pushed,
broken, and retreated in disorder. Colonel Barnett
planted a battery and soon checked the pursuing
enemy, who, in turn, were driven over the same
ground. The division of General Davis was then
driven back by the rebels with heavy loss, and
every gin of the Eighth Indiana Regiment was
captured ; when General Davis rallied Ms forces,
and pushed the enemy back, and retook his gune.
Reynolds lost heavily, but stubbornly held his posi-
tion, driving the enemy, but never losing his line.
Palmer who was overwhelmed, tailed to get ofl
his whole battery, and two guns were lost. Van
Clere, although fighting gallantly, lost ground, and
being overpowered, failed to regain his position.
Our line was pressed severely and wavered. The
rebels exulting over their apparent success, made

he air resound with cheers. They advanced along

the whole line, and when within fire the musketry
rolled from right to left, and till 6 o'clock the
fighting was terrific. General Rosencranz grew
anxious,the wounded came pouring in,and the rebels
kept steadily moving up to his headquarters. New
forces were opposed to the enemy, and from this time
till dark the battle raged with destructive fury.
the action again became general until long after
dark, and raged with the greatest fury. The battle
thus far has been a bloody one, and our loss is heavy.
Rebel prisoners say that some of their regiments
are almost annihilated. Both armies occupy the
same ground us when the fight began. We have
captured several hundred prisoners, many of whom
are from the East. We took ten guns, lost seven.''
LOUISVILLE, Sept. 21, 12.45 P.M.

Oar army, under General Rosencranz, has been
badly beaten, and compelled to retreat to Chatta-
nooga, by Bragg, with heavy reinforcements from
Lee, Beauregard, and Joe Johnston.

The New Orleans correspondent of the World
gives the following particulars of the Federal
disaster at Sabine Pass :

" The expedition from this city, under Generals I
Franklin, Weitzel, and Emory, consisting of some
3,000 men, 13 transports, and two gunboats (the
Auzona and Crescent City, not Quaker City, as I
wrote you), arrived off Sabine Pass last Tuesday.
The gunboats Clifton and Sachem, which joined the
expedition at the mouth of Berwick (Atcherfalga)
Bay, crossed the bar first and engaged the Confe-
derate battery on the point. The movement was
not conceived, I am told, in this department. From
various sources information, supposed to be trust-
worthy, was obtained with regard to the armament
of the Confederate battery. It was supposed
to consist of two 24-pounders and two. 32-
pounders, with perhaps two or three field-
pieces, and the work was represented to be
contemptible. In fact, however, there was a very
fine field work, mounting seven first-class siege-
guns. It is not known who was in command of the
work, but he understood his business. He allowed
the Sachem and Clifton to give him a number of
shots, as they approached, and did not fire a gun
till they were in a position, when the fire would be
effective. It was terribly effective. The fourth
shot from the battery went through the Sachem
steam drum, and to complete the disaster she
grounded. The Clifton was riddled with shot
before she grounded, and Captain Crocker fired one
of his guns through her machinery,as I wrote you last
night. There were on board the Clifton 130 sharp-
shooters, selected from the 75th and 161st Regiments.
After she grounded seven of the men jumped
overboard and swam to the beach. Weitzel sent a
neat from the banes and took them. They reported
that about 30 men on board the Clifton were killed
and wounded. There are no iv no means of know-
ing the extent of the losses of the Sachem. These
two gunboats were the only ones in action. The
entire affair did not last more than fifteen minutes,
and the action was witneF sed by the whole fleet.
The General Banks, with 500 men on board, under
command of Weitzel, followed the Clifton 100 yards
in the rear, and was the only transport under fire.
She was uninjured. -Weitzel intended to land
his men and s carry the works by land, but
the tide was still falling, And the signal

was made for the transports to return
over the bar into the Gulf. On their way out four
of the transports and the gunboat Arizona grounded
on the bar. Fortunately for them the Arizona
grounded above the transports, broadside on, thus
presenting to the Confederate gunboats, four of
which were in the -lake,. the appearance of being
purposely in position to cover the retreat of the
transports. The following morns.ng she got under
way, and the whole fleet, excepting the lost Clifton
and Sachem, left Sabine Pass. On their way
through the Gulf the steamboat Laurel Hill was
disabled and was towed to this city by the General
Banks. Part of the transports carried their men
to Baashear city, and the rest came back to New
Orleans.

General Gilmore has issued the following general

order :--

"Department of the South,
Head-quarters in the field, Morris Island, S.C.,
September 15.

" It is with no ordinary feeling of gratification
and pride that the Brigadier-General commanding
is enabled to congratulate this army upon the signal
success which has crowned the enterprise in which
it has been engaged. Fort Sumter is destroyed.
The scene where our country's flag suffered its first
dishonour you have made the theatre of one of its
proudest triumphs.
" The fort has been in possession of the enemy for
more than two years—has been his pride and boast
—has been strengthened by every appliance known
to military science, and has defied the assaults sf
the most powerful and gallant fleet the world ever
saw. But it has yielded to our courage and patient
labour. Its walls are now crumbled to ruins, its
formidable batteries are silenced, and, though a
though a hostile flag still flout, over it, the fort is a
harmless and helpless wreck.
Forts Wagner and Gregg, works rendered me•
morable by their protracted resistance and the sac-
rifice of life they have cost, have also been wrested
from the enemy by your persevering courage and
skill, and the graves of your fallen comrades rescued
from contumely. You now hold in undisputed
possession the whole of Morris Island, and the city
and harbour of Charleston lie at the mercy of your
artillery, from the very spot where the first shot
was fired at your country's flag, and the rebellion
itself was inaugurated.
"To you, the officers and soldiers of this com-
mand, and to the gallant navy which has co-operated
with you, are due the thanks of your commander and
your country. You were balled upon to encounter un-
told privation and dangers, to undergo unremitting
and exhausting labours, to sustain severe and dis-
heartening reverses. How nobly your patriotism and
zeal have responded to the call the result of the
campaign will show, and your commanding gene-
ral gratefully bears witness.

" Q. A. GILMORE,
Brigadier-General, Commanding."

Celebrities of the American War—
Photographed.

We have before us, in a single portrait-carte, says
a writer in the Spectator, 52 photographic heads of
modern American generals and civilians, some
Northern some Southern, with Washington's. calm
old-fashioned face looking gravely out of the 18th
century at us in the centre. Here, within the space
of an ordinary carte, are congregated the head that
have brewed this storm, so that, sitting quietly at
home, we can pierce at 52 distinct points the white
mist or words and names which hangs over that
American chaos, It is often exceedingly question-
able whether the mere vision of a public man's face,
not previously or otherwise known to us, is likely
to add to our positive knowledge of him, or rather
to give us a false impression about him. Here, for
example, is a photograph of a three-quarter face,
contemplative, serene, Shakesperian, with the
collars turned back, with moustache but no
beard, exceedingly like the better likenesses of
Shakespeare in its upper portion, showing a placid
brow and heavy brooding eyelids, only a thinner
and, perhaps, ungenial month. To which of the
American Generals do our readers suppose that it
belongs? To General Lee or General M'Clellen ?
No; but to General Butler. Here is a civilian face
—solemn, didactic, important, still young, bat
going in for "judiciousness," the kind of face which
one is accustomed to see in men who deprecate in-
discreet theories, and school those still younger,
telling them that they will learn by sad experience
to take wiser views in time. Do our readers sup-
pose it must be Mr. Chase or Mr. Memminger, big
with financial caution ? No ; but Mr. James Gor-
don Bennett, the editor of the most discreditable
paper in the world, and who is commonly said to
have compensated himself once for a severe chas-
tisement by telegraphing to his own journal a frank
" sensation" heading as to the stripes he had
received, which sold the edition. Then there
is an amiable, weak, confused, woolly-headed look-
ing military bust, with fat cheeks and head narrow-
ing towards the top, eminently a " worthy" young
officer not likely to distinguish himself. it is
" Stonewall" Jackson. Hera, again, is a grave,
square, open countenance, speaking a frank heart,
an earnest devotion to freedom, and the compressed
resolve to maintain it at the sacrifice of life. This,
surely, must belong to a Northerner of the squarest
Republican type. It is the face of John C. Breck-
inridge, the last Southern candidate for the Presi-
dency. Certainly, in none of these cases does the
picture of the countenance and bearing suggest any
addition of value to one's knowledge, though it may
perhaps break the chain of former associations. On
the other hand, there are some heads, generally
either the most powerful or the reverse, which it
is a permanent satisfaction to have identified in
one's mind with the career which has expressed
it. Here is the head of Mr. Jefferson Davis, with
an imperial eye that seems to see the future and
control it, and a mouth strong, thin, com-
pressed, half-ascetic, like Father Newman's, speak-
ing of vast power of self-denial for distant ends,
but with a shadow of cynicism and intrigue just
hanging about it, that tells a nature not incapable
of breaking faith. Here is Mr. Lincoln, honest
above all things, not keen, but shrewd, logical as a
Scot, anxious as a Yankee, with a sad humour, and
a strong touch of coarseness,—not a fine face, not
a face at its ease, but trustworthy in the highest
degree, and, for the rest, something between a
farmer's and an artizan's (too shrewd for the one,
too safe for the other) after be has cleaned himself on
Sunday morning. Again there is a satisfaction in
connecting this clear-eyed courtly Vandyck-face
with General Lee ; this very industrious, painstak-
ing face which suddenly falls away to
nothing, with the Confederate General John-
stone who has always been going to relieve
every place of importance and has never
relieved any ; in learning that this sweet and poe-
tical profile belongs to the Federal Lieut. Mulligan,
whose noble defence of Lexington, in Missouri,
against overwhelming Southern forces, was one of
the greatest exploits of the war; in knowing that
refined and manly head to be Governor Sprague's,
of Rhode Island, who fitted out a regiment at the
commencement of the war at his own sole expense.
Mr. Slidell and Mr. Mason, too, look quite as dis-
agreeable as one could wish. Mr. Slidell is the
ideal of a man who would think it a privilege to get
into a scrape himself if he could only iuvo ye his
host and patron too ; Mr., Mason, more of the bull-
dog, ready to fasten on friends and foes alike. The
most peculiar intellectual satisfaction, however,
arises from knowing that this would-be strong,
essentially weak, conceited, face run to seed, with
hair a little bristled and the whole attitude breath-
ing " Our War Correspondent, Mr. Jefferson
Brick" as an adult, belongs to Mr, Secretary Seward

LORD LYNDHURST.—We are sorry to learn that
Lord Lyndhurst, who arrived at his house in George-street
from 'Tunbridge-wells, in the early part of the week, has,
since his arrival, been in a weak state of health, but at pre-
sent no danger is apprehended..
" GOD BLESS .TIIE PRINCE OF WALES" has now
taken the position of a national song. It was sung
recently by 5,000 children at the Crystal Palace. But Mr.
Sims Reeves' energetic delivery has been alone worth all
the choruses in making the song popular, and touching the
loyal and sympathetic feeling of the people. Mr. Sims
Reeves has had a royalty of sixpence on each song sold,
besides the handsome bonus of 2..:100 from Messrs. Cocks,
the publishers of the song.

SIR JAMSETJEE JEEJEEBHOY, Bart., has handcd
to Government the sum of 100,003 rupees (L 10,000), for
building a new college at Poona.

Taint• tralbro
imapt,„
414

BER MAJESTY.

BALMORAL, Oct. 1.

The Queen, accompanied by Prince Louis of
Hesse, drove out yesterday moruing, and her Ma-
jesty again drove in the afternoon to the Balloch-
buie. accompanied by Princess Helena, and attended
by Lady Churchill.
The Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse rode on
horseback.

The Prince and Princess of Wales dined with her
Majesty.
The Judge Advocate. General, ths Right Hon. T.
E. Headlam, arrived at the Castle yesterday, and
had an audience of her Majesty.

His Imperial Highness Prince Napoleon and
suite left the Clarendcn Hotel last night, and proceeded
to Paris via Dover.

PRINCE NAPOLEON and suite yesterday visited
the establishment of Mr, D. Brucciani (Formatoro to tho
British Museum), Great Russell-street, Covent-garden,
and expressed great satisfaction at viewing his extensive
collection of works of art.

The Earl of Lincoln arrived in town yesterday
evening from Newmarket.

The Earl and Countess Russell, Viscount Am-
berley, and Ladies Russell arrived yesterday at Minto
House, near Hawick, on a visit to the Earl and Countess of
Minto. On leaving Mint° House the noble earl and countess
will continue their journey southward.
The Earl and Countess of Erroll are expected to
arrive at their residence in Gratton-street to-day from
Slaines Castle, Aberdeenshire.

The Lord Bishop of London and Mrs. Tait were
last week the guests of the Lord Bishop of Bangor, at tho
Palace, Bangor. They have since been staying with Colonel
and Lady M. L. Douglas Pennant, at Penrhyn Castle, near
Bangor, and are now the guests of the Hon. W. 0. Stanley,
at Penrhos, Holyhead.

THE INDIAN PRINCE, lATYENDRA NATII JAGORE,
has recently ascended Mont Blanc.

MR. JOHN LEECH, the popular artist, has gone
or a holiday to Homburg.

MGR. DEBELAY, ARCHBISHOP OF AVIGNON,
expired on Sunday evening, in the 64th year of his age.
The deceased retained all his faculties to the last, and died
so tranquilly that those present were not aware when ho
breathed his last.

Why has Mr Sergeant Shee been. Passed

Over 3

[We would particularly direct attention to the
subjoined remarks which appear in to-day's number
of the Law Times. Coming, as they do, from a
professional organ of so much ability and of such
well-known independence, they will be regarded,we
doubt not, by Mr. Sergeant Shee himself as a tri-
bute not unworthy of his acceptance. Beyond what
has here been said, so very sensibly and so very rea-
sonably, by our legal contemporary, we ourselves are
perfectly well satisfied that the surprise, and regret,
and even chagrin, caused by this discourteous pass-
ing over of a man as distinguished and popular as
Mr. Sergeant Shee, whose claims to a seat on the
bench have been so long and generally reeognised,
will not be confined to the profession alone, but
will extend beyond the profession to men of all
creeds and all parties.—En. Sun.]

Mr. Sergeant Pigott has received the office that
was, by the whole profession, desired for Mr. Ser-
geant Shee. Except that he was M.P. for Read-
ing, the new Baron of the Exchequer had no claim
not enjoyed by the man to whom all fingers pointed,
as the man having the best title. We have no ob-
jection to make to the new Judge ; on the contrary,
be is quite competent, and must have attained the
honour in due time, but it was not his turn now ;
Mr. Sergeant Shee had a better title, and should
have been preferred. It is said that his religion
stood in his way; that he is ostracised because he
is a Roman Catholic. For the credit of a Govern-
ment calling itself Liberal, we hope it was not thus.
If so it was, what becomes of our boasted tolera-
tion ? Religious liberty is based upon the principle
that a man's religion is solely a question between
himself and his God, and that no other man has a
right to question it in any way, or directly or in-
directly to subject him to any disability or annoy-
ance on account of it. If Mr. Sergeant Shee, having
every professional title to a jugeship, is thrust
aside because he is a Roman Catholic, inasmuch as
no other is likely ever to have a better claim, his
rejection is, in fact, a proclamation by the Govern-
ment that Roman Catholic lawyers shall in Eng-
land be excluded from the Bench. Most deeply is
such a decision to be lamented, not merely for the
present loss of an ornament to the judgment-seat
which it entails upon us, but for the indignity to
which it subjects a numerous section of our brother
lawyers.

MOLDO-WALLACHIA.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SIR,—Having in your impression of the 28th ult. in-
serted a letter concerning the Greek monasteries of Moldo-
Wallachia, you will perhaps kindly allow me to add some
details upon a subject which has already called for the in-
terference of English diplomatists.
At the close of the year 1859 Prince Couza became Hospo-
dar of Moldo-Wallachia, and early in the following year we
find him with apparent goodwill proeeeding to carry into
effect the regulations laid down by the 13th protocol of the
Paris Conference for the regulation of the differences exist-
ing with regard to the Greek monasteries. On the 22d of
January, 1660, the Minister of Public Worship of Jassy
addressed a note to the Representatives of the Holy Places,
requesting them to inform the Greek communities which
they represented that the respective Governments of Jassy
and Bucharest had decided that "all the Greek communi-
ties to which any of the Roumain monasteries of the Princi-
palities are dedicated shall be invited to send delegates to
represent them to the Government of the United Principali-
ties. These delegates are to come provided with the acts
of the founders upon which the claims of the Greek com-
munities are based, and must be empowered to treat of
everything that concerns the regulation of the dedicated
monasteries."

As the term of a year prescribed by the 13th protocol for
the arrangement by a commission of arbitrators, would ex
pire in the following September, the Minister of Public
Worship requested the heads of the convents to hasten the
departure of the delegates. On the same day a similar note
was despatched by the Minister of Public Worship at
Bucharest to the representatives of the Holy Places. On.
the 25th of January, M. Negry, agent of the Principaliti©a
at Constantinople, addressed a note to the Patriarchs and
the Greek communities, praying them to hasten the de-
parture of the delegates, On the 10th of March, 1860, the
Greek communities informed M. Negry that their deputies
were ready to set out for Bucharest. On the 20th of June,
Prince Couza published an ordinance, naming three com-
missioners on the part of the Principalities to treat with
the deputies of the Holy Places. On the 23d of June, the
Minister of Public Worship addressed a note to the depu-
ties of the Holy Places, appointing the 3d of July for the.
first meeting of the commissioners.
So far everything seemedvery straightforward. But on
of July,
july,we'the representatives of the guaranteeing
Constantinople, addressing a note to the Sublime
pho
in which after reciting the paragraph of the 13thptproe:re
protocol,
oe cr,os
at
bearing reference to the Greek monasteries, they
add

ter
4, It appears from what we have learned that the Go-
vernments of the two Principalities, without awaiting a,
solution of the question in dispute after the manner laid
down in the protocol, have taken resolutions that falsify
the spirit of the arrangement agreed upon by the great
Powers. It is on that account that the undersigned pray
the Ottoman Government to please remind the Govern-
ments of the Principalities, after whatever manner seems
fitting, of their proper duty concerning this question, and
let them know the unanimous opinion of the representa-
tives; of the five Powers at Constantinople in this regard."
There can be no stronger condemnation of;Prince Couza's
conduct than this immediate interference on the part of the
representatives of the great Powers.—l remain, sir, your
obedient servant,

A LOVER OF FREEDOM.

TIIE LORD CHANCELLOR is said to be employed
on a grand scheme for consolidating and amending bank-
ruptcy law.

SIR E. B. LYTTON ON FORMS OF GOVERNMENT.—
If I were an American, 1 should regard as the worst
affliction that could befall my country the substitution for
democracy, with all its faults, of a constitutional monarchy,
with all its merits ; because my countrymen would have
been accustomed to associate their elementary ideas of
liberty with republican institutions. So, being an English-
man, I should regard it as the worst affliction that could
befall my countrymen, to substitute for constitutional
monarchy a democratic republic , because all their habits
of mind are formed on the notion that liberty, on the whole,
is safer, and the dignity of We is higher, where the institu-
tions essential to the duration of constitutional monarchy
make the representatives of the public interests other than
the paid servants of a class that must of necessity be the
least educated and the meat exciteable,--.Blacku•ood's
Jilagqzine,