The Sun.
London, England, 1863-05-19 00:00:00

,7-

No. 22,117.

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, MAY 19, 1863.

NO. 2, EXETER HALT—CRYSTAL PALACE
SEASON TICKET 4.—The Guinea Ticket admits to
the GREAT PLOWER SHOW next SATITROAY.

Now r‘ady, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,

THE HON. MRS. NORTON'S NEW NOVEL,
"LOST AND SAVED."

and extending south to include the state of North Caro-
lina, the whole under the provision and general direction of
General R. E. Lee, will be divided into three military de-
partments as follows :—All north of the James river, for
the defence of Richmond, will constitute the Department of
Richmond, under Major-General Exey head-quarters
Richmond—all that portion of Virginia south of the James
river, and east of the county of Powhatan,
will constitute
the Department of Southern Virginia, under Major-Gen.
French, head quarters at some central point near the Rack
Water. The State of North Carolina will constitute the
Department of North Carolina, under Major-General D.
H. Htll, head-quarters, Goldsborough."
But, if the general ignorance about the South has
appeared amazing, occasionally incidents of little
significance have in the Northern journals dilated
into dimensions so stupendous that a resident here
hss asked himself whether he is not unconsciously
sleeping on a volcano which may at any moment
burst and scatter havoc and destruction around.
Such an incident, which, long before this letter
reaches England, may have been represented to
your readers by the New York press as a Lord
George Gordon riot, an upheaving of the lowest
strata of society, occurred in this city on the 2d inst.
It should be remarked that a pressure in regard to
the daily supply of the necessaries of life, under
which one half of the population of England and a
still larger proportion of the populations of France
and Belgium are contented to live year after year,
has been so unheard of and unknown upon thiscon-
tinent that it is a marvel that the poorer classes in
the Confederacy, and especially the foreigners, who
care, comparatively speaking, nothing about the
guiding princip!es of the war, should have mur-
mured so littie under a destitution which has cut
them off from all but the barest necessaries of exis-
tence. Simultaneously with much hardship and
privation, busy rumour has pointed out persons who
in various trades have amassed enormous fortunes
during the last two years. The excitability of a
naturally restless population and the unsettling of
ordinary relations of life which war invariably en-
genders have combined to make the lowest classes
uneasy and dissatisfied, because, when so many
around them were adding house to house, and lay-
ing field to field, they were not able to do more
than keep body and soul together. Therefore,
under the guise of " bread riots," there have in
many cities been enzeutes of the population, in the
form chiefly of mobs of women, who demanded
flour and cornmeal at the principal stores, and
trusted that if they were refused a riot would grow
into wehailcthhier classes at the
would place all
the an
irresistiblestores
a:
d
wthemercy of the lowest. Such emeutes have occurred
at Salisbury, in North Carolina, at Atlanta in
Georgia, at Mobile in Alabama, and at Petersburg
in Virginia. They have in no case been serious,
because everywhere ample resources for relieving
cases of unquestionable destitution have been at
hand, and such cases have been found to be very
rare, as might be expected when it is mentioned
that no man who is willing to work at any kind of
trade has difficulty in earning from 6 to 6 dols. per
diem. I have been assured, on the authority of
several of the most eminent clergymen, some of
whom have resided in Richmond for many years,
that never in their recollection was there such ab-
sence:of want and suffering among the lowest classes
in Richmond as during this winter. But it was not
to be expected, after occurrence of such outbreaks
as I have described in the smaller cities of the Con-
federacy, that Richmond should wholly escape the
contagion. There are persona who see in every
contretemps which occurs in the Confederacy indi-
cations of Yankee malignity, just as there are others
who, whenever a fire or robbery occurs, whisper
ominously the word " slaves," though, perhaps, in
the Confederate States, and certainly in the State of
South Carolina, which is the very heart or nucleus
of slavery, there are fewer fires and robberies than
anywhere else upon earth among populations of a
similar size. It is beyond a question that fire and
robbery in the northern towns are vastly more fre-
quent. It is not, therefore, wonderful that tome
Persons should have imputed to Yankee emissaries
a restlessness of the population which seems to me
explicable by many other causes. On the 2d of April
in a low quarter of this town, chiefly inhabited by
the Irish of the South and West of Ireland a mob of
unruly women, perhaps 200 in number, broke into
several stores, some of them containing flour and
provisions, but chiefly repositories of boots and cloth-
ing and cheap articles of jewelry. There were many
women among them whose husbands are earning from
6 to 8 dols. a-day. The clear object of the emeute was
to inaugurate a carnival of cupidity, which, gather.
ing strength from the explosive and dangerous popu-
lation of a city which has seen two years of un-
paralleled warfare, might place all the wealth of
Richmond at the disposal of a lawless and predatory
mob. But the outbreak in question never got
enough headway on to become alarming. President
Davis and Governor ',etcher paid the insurgents
the compliment of going among them and address.
ing them, but it seemed little less than mockery to
address the offecourings of Ireland and Germany as
" Women of Virginia." There is, however, not the
slightest occasion for fearing that the riot will be
repeated. Whatever may be Governor Letcher's
other qualifications for the office which he now
holds, there are not two opinions about his firmness ;
and it is with him more than with the President
that the repression of future and similar riots will
rest. Except upon the 2d inst., and, in a much
less degree, upon Good Friday, the 3d, all tendency
to insurrection has disappeared, nor is it likely to
be resumed. It is felt everywhere that it is im-
possible this miserable warfare can be protracted
beyond the end of 1863. The disposition of Presi-
dent Lincoln and Mr. Sumner would lead them to
fight during the remaining two years of Mr. Lin-
coln's Administration, as they have fought, though
with miserable impotency during its first two years.
But the signs of the times abundantly proclaim that
it will be impossible. How long it will be before,
in American phrase, the bottom of Yankee obstinacy
and persistency will fall out, it is difficult to say.
But it is doubtful whether the North-West, whefl it
learns that all attempts to re-open the Mississippi are
abandoned, will persevere in a war which is incon-
testably conducted in order that New York, and
Pennsylvania, and New England may grow fat upon
Government contracts. What is to be the future
destiny of those recriminating and angry and an-
tagonistic provinces, which will still find themselves
loosely hooped together by the broken bond from
which the South has torn itself free, it passes human
sagacity to divine. So far as the feeling of Southern
Confederacy can be discovered, it appears probable
that the Western States oflllinois,lndiana,and Ohio
would be welcomed into the Southern fraternity,
but that an attempt would be made to exclude
lowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. It is obvious
that there can be little feasibility in a plan which
would dissociate from Illinois and Indiana the
interests of the contiguous provinces of lowa and
Wisconsin. But, nevertheless, as a chronicler of
the sentiment of the moment, I am bound to
record that in general discussions and foreshadow-
ings of the future this plan seems to find more
favour than any other.
In the meantime, this day has
witnessed the
opening of the long delayed and formidablymenacing attack with which Charleston has so long
been threatened. It has been announced to us by
telegraph that at 3 o'clock this afternoon eight or
nine Federal iron-clads opened upon Fort Sumter
at a distance of 900 or 1,000 yards. The bombard-
ment lasted till 6 o'clock in the evening, Upon the
Confederate side the loss was two men killed and
six men wounded. Upon the Federal it is confi-
dently believed that the Keokuk was so much
damaged that she will sink in the night. An un-
expected opportunity of sending this hurried letter
to England has occurred, and it is probable that it
will reach its destination earlier than its predecessor
of March 31. I have, therefore, no opportunity of
awaiting the arrival of fuller news from Charleston,
but it mast be confessed that the opening features
of an attack which has so long been studied and so

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•` 'Lost and Saved' is a work of such rare excellence that
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abundnce of plot, counter-plot, and ep sode, and even a
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llurst and Blackett, i 3, Great Marlborough-street.

10TH JUNE, LIB63.—UNCOVEItING of the
MEMORIAL of the EXHIBITION of 18.51.
In the Pr, se nce of their
he PRINCE and PRINCESS of WALES.
_Cards of Admission, rice 15s. eaz,b, if obtained before the
27th of May ; 20s. up to oth of June ; and 208. on day.
A. MURRAY.

ROYAL ASYLUM OF ST. ANN'S SOCIETY.
—A SPECIAL COURT r f the GOVER ORS w ill be
held at the London Tavern, flishopsgate-street, on FRIDAY
Afternoon, •29th May inst., at Three o'clock exactly, to con-
firm the Resolutions of last General Court, granting-one Vote
for every Half Guinea, and a Li c Vote for every Five
Guineas ; approving revised Rules for that purpose ; for
more clearly defining the object of the Charity, and carryin4
forward all Votes f',.r Unsuccessful Candidates hencefbrth
during the whole period of their eligibility; to receive Re-
port of Council on Election of' Medical Attendant at the
Asylum ; to appoint an Auditor to complete the requisite
number ; and on other affairs.

By order.

2, Walbrook, 16th May, 1863.

E. F. LEEKS, Secretary.

The Gas Light and Coke Company,
Office, Horseferry-road, Westminster,
16th May, 1163.
IDO HEREBY GIVE NOTICE, That the
following Proprietors, viz.:—
Henry Deffell, Esq.,
and 1 Directors,
Mayow Wynell Adams, Esq.,
have severally given me notice in writing of their intention
to offer themselves, for re-election as Directors, at the Elec-
tion which will tike place at this Office on FRIDAY, the
29th day of May instant, at 12 o'clock precisely.
By order.
JOHN ORWELL PHILLIPS, Secretary.

WESTERN MANCHESTER and LONDON
LIFE ASSURANCE and ANNUITY SOCIETY.
Established 1842.
Chief Offices-3, Parliament-street, London, and
77, King-street, Manchester.
ACTUARY—Arthur Scratchley, Esq., MA.
SPECIMENS OF BONUS ALLOTTED. —E. G. has paid
£lB3 lls. 3d. in Premiums towards his Policy for £1,500;
£lO6 12s. id. Bonus has already (1860) been allotted to him.
R. S. has paid £7 Os in Premiums towards his Policy for
£lO
; £6 2s. lid. Bonus has already (1860) been allotted to
him.

ANNUITIES AND ENDOWMENTS GRANTED.
Full Prospectuses, Proposals, and every information may
be obtained from the Actuary in London, the Local Secretary
in Manchester, or any of the Society's Agents.

THE LONDON GENERAL DEPOSITORY
COMPANY (Limited).

Incorporated under the Companies Act, 1862.
Liability of Shareholders limited to Shares taken.
Capital £20,000, in 4,00) Shares of £5 each. ss. per share pay_
able on application, and £1 on. allotment. If no allotment
made, the deposit will be returned in full.

DIRECTORS,

Wm. Berkeley Beatty, Esq., 21, Argyll-road, Kensington.
G. W. Brown, Esq., 2, St. Michael's House, Cornhitt
Chartcs Horsley, Esq., 2, Staple Inn, Director of the Crystal
Palace Company.
B. T. Strangman, Esq , 12, Billiter-square.
With po. er to add to their number.

BANKERS—The English and Irish Bank, 25, Poultry.
SOLICITORS—Messrs. Monckton and Monekton, 1, Raymond-
buildings, Gray's•lnn.
PROFESSIONAL AUDITOR—G. A. Cape, Esq., F.S.S., Profes-
sional Accountant, 3, Adelaide-olace. London-bridge.
SECRETARY (pro tem.) —A. Beeston, E. q.
Temporary Offices—No. 2, St. Michael's House, Cornhill.

ABRIDGED PROSPECTUS.
The object of this Company is to purchase the lease and
goodwill, together with the existing. badness, plant, and
fixtures of the North London Depository, Gray's inn-road,
wh ch for the last 26 years has been used for the deposit and
warehousing of Household Furniture and other goods,
The premises cover a space of 27,00) superficial feet ; and a
comparatively small outlay will place them among the most
complete and commodious of their class in London, increas-
ing the present available warehousing space to ov,r 60J,000
cubic feet.
At the usual warehousing charges the present space is
capable of producing an annual income of £4,320 ; but with
the intended increased space this income may b 3 nearly
doubled. The Company will be prepared to make cash ad-
vances on goods at a rate to be arranged with each depositor,
but in no case exceeding 10 p r cent. per annum.
The position of th premises in close proximity to four
railway stations, namely, the Great Northern, the Metropoli-'
tan, the North Western, and the proposed Midland stations,
renders them most eligible as the depository of property
belonging to parties residing in the vicinity of those I nes,
while they are sufficiently central for depositors from all parts
of the metropolis.
Goods of all kinds will be sold on commission, and the
Company undertake the removal of all kinds of proi.erty.
It must not be forgotten that this Company does not seek
to create a new business, but merely to improve and extend
one already established, highly remunerative, and wituout
risk, but lacking the necessary capital to develop it to its
ful est extent,
The Directors feel assured that a handsome dividend will
result to shareholders.
In consequence of the concentration of the railway systems
in the immediate neighbourhood, the value of all property in
the locality is rapidly rising; and should the Company's
premises be hereafter required, the compensation to the
shareholders must be considerable.
Prospectuses, Corms of appl cation for shares, and all other
information, with c irds to view the premises, may be ob-
tained of the Secretary, No. 2, St. Michael's House, Cornhill.
A sufficient number of shares has already been subscribed
for to justify the Directors in announcing that the business
will be carried on under the Company's management from
the 25th of May, 1863.

SAWYER'S FAMOUS LONDON DINNER
FOR THIS DAY.
At 2e. 6d. each Person.
SOUPS.
Asparagus. Vermicelli.
Turbot and Lobster Sauce. Fried Soles.
Tete de Veau en Tortue.E NTREES.
Mutton Cutlets a la Poivrade.
Boiled BeeJOINTS.f. Roast Mutton.
SWEETS.
Puddings ala Royal. Cheese Cakes.
Cheese and Salad.
An extensive and carefully selected stock of FRENCH,
RHENISH, MOSELLE, and other WINES, imported ex-
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THE LONDON, 191, FLEET-STREET.

CANTERBURY HALL AND
FINE ARTS GALLERY.
NOTICE.— ENTIRE CHANGE OF ENTERTAINMENT
LES FRERES ATIIOS.
From the Carignan Theatre, Turin.
Master EDWIN SAUNDERS, the Child of Song.
THE NEAPOLITAN MINSTRELS.

GRAND SELECTIONS from OPERAS, GLEES, and
CANTATAS.
Principal Artistes—Miss Russell, Miss Townley ; Mr. Green,
and Signor Tivoli.
Conductor, Mr. Jonghmans.
The celebrated UNSWOR rirs NEW SI UMP SPEECH,
The only Negro Orator of the day.
EUGENE and DULEY, with new Eccentricities.
ARTHUR LLOYD, Miss SAUNDERS, and Mr. HILTON,
the Comic Ventriloquist and Modern Magician,
EVERY EVENING.
Admission—Hall, ed. ; stalls and balcony, is.

TH E
0 X F OR D,
13, OXFORD STREET.
following popular Operas :
Auber's MASANIELLO.
GOVNOD'S FAUST.
New Cantata, MAY DAY, by Mr. Sterndale Bennett.
Supported by Miss Russell, Miss Townley, &c. ;
Messrs. Albert, Green, Bernardi, Huish, Kimberley, &c.
with full band and chorus.
Conducted by Mr. Jonghmsns.
Drew Dean's Flute Solos
UNSWORTII, the modern Demosthenes.
Eugene, W. Randall, J. Hutchenson, and the mat venous
A !ITT' R and BERTRAND.
" These two Parisian clowns have carried the art of
tumbling to apparently the highest pitch of perfection, and it
is impossible even for the most staid of visitors to avoid
being amused by their origin-I gambols. They elicit shouts
of laughter and applause."—Times, April 7, 1863.

ARGYLL RO OM S.-JULLIEN'S
PROMENADE CONCERTS.
NOTICE.—Duri"g the Week the Selections will be—"
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&c., at Eleven o'clock.
Jullien's Grand Descriptive Galop,
THE DERBY. Owner of the Winning Horse.
from half- past
LEVY, the great wonder on the Cornet-a-Piston, plays
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Aclinie—sion, ls.

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London, W.
Address
t 1 Illustratedl‘S Explanationse cret ay , as above.Catalogue,throughout
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by
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THE FARMER'S BAROMETER, 609 a
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OS TE O EID ON:
Patent, March 1, 1862, No. 560.
GABRIEL'S Self-adhesive Patent Indestructible MINE-
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Immedibtely, fcap. Bvo., with an Nustration,
AN ERRAND TO THE SOUTH IN THE
SUMMER OF 1862.

By the Rev. W. W. ➢iALET.
Richard Bentley, Publisher in Ordinary to Her Majesty.

MRS. FANNY KEMBLE'S AMERICAN JOURNAL.
Just published, in 1 vol. post Bvo., price 108. 6d.,
TOURNAL of a RESIDENCE on a GEORGIAN
ePLANTATION in 1838 and 1839. By FRANCES ANNE
KEMBLE.
London: Longman,Green, and Co., 14, Ludgate-hill.

BY THE AUTHOR OF " FRIENDS IN COUNCIL."
Second Edition. This day, post Svo., 5e.,
ORGANIZATION IN DAILY LIFE : An
ESSAY.
London : Parker, Son, and Bourn, West Strand.

This day is pub,ished, price One Shilling,
THE WAR IN POLAND, 1830-31.
By Sir ARCHIBALD ALISON, Bart., D.C.L.
A Chapter from his " History of Europe from the Battle of
Waterloo to the Accession of Louis N,poleon."
William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh aid London.

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his
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Cartes de Visite, 10 for 10s. 6d ; 21 for £l. Miniatures on
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TEA.—MOORE BROTHERS respectfully inti-
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naerston in Favour of Poland.

2,100 RE BROTHERS, 35, London-bridge, City, E.C.

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elaborately prepared do not loom so formidably upon
our notice as had generally been anticipated. It is
by some apprehended and imagined that the Federal
policy will consist in desultory attacks, protracted
for many
weeks, and conducted from such distance
as 1,000 yards, and utilized through the convenient
journals of New York, which represent daily Federal
successes against Charleston as occurring,with a view
to stimulating the soldiers under Generals Hooker
Rosecranz. But, it is said, "If the Yankees do
nothiog more than play at long bowls all the world
will laugh at them." Alas! if the ridicule of the
entire eiviiiz el world could have influenced Wash-
ington and New York, this war would have been
over long ago. LA us hope that the attack against
Charleston will, as I fully anticipate, be conducted
with a little more desperation, and that some justi-
fication for protracting a war which no impartial
man upon earth pronounces otherwise than hope •
less may be found in the spirit with which it is con-
ducted. It is painful and heart-rending that streams
of blood should again flow in a contest which, even
before the battle of Fredericksburg, struck me as
the most aimless and purposeless of any that was
ever attempted by an aggressive nation. We are as-
sured that Gen. Hooker's orders from Washington
are " Failure is better than inaction. We will take
all the consequences. Only attack." What can be
the fate and prospects of an army thus goaded into
the field P Before the coming shock of arms which
is spoken of in the Northern journals as likely to
reverberate through the continent, let me hazard
the prediction that Gen. Lee will be found to be
"master of the situation" in Virginia, and that by
the time when the junction of the forces under Gen.
Grant and those under Gen. Rosecrans has been
effected—for such is the apparent intention of the
Federals since the abandonment of the attack on
Vicksburg—General Johnston will have been so
strengthened at Tullahoma as to make the great
battle in the West nothing more than what all its
predecessors in the West have been—a fearfully
bloodly, but level and indecisive passage of arms.

Trades Unionist Deputation to Lord Pal-

The deputation appointed at the trades unionist
meeting in favour of Poland, held at St. James's-
hall, on the 28th of April last, met Lord Palmerston
last evening, by appointment, in the library of the
House of Commons. The deputation was introduced
by Mr. Stansfeld, M.P., and consisted of Professor
Beesly, of University College, the chairman of the
meeting; Mr. G. Potter, the secretary; Mr. Coulson
(bricklayer), the preSident, with Mr. Odger (shoe-
maker), the secretary of the London Trades Council,
and the following officers and members of the trades
societies :—Messrs. Graham, Hamlyn, Appiegarth,
Merrifield, Harry, Smith, Eglinton, Cremer,
Garland, Tremlett, Dormer, Mildred, Evans, Lle-
wellyn, Burgess, Peterbridge (carpenters' societies),
Facey, Vise, Vickers, Lambelle (painters), S atinsby
(tailor), Grey, Connolly, Cruse, Pearson, Gibbon
(mason), Butler, Jones (tinplate-workers), Miles
(cabman), Nash (wire-worker), Wigmore (brick-
layer), Fast (zinc-worker), Shave (plumber), Dod-
son, Murray, Bassett (boot and shoe makers), Os-
borne, and Nilass (plasterers).
Professor BEESLY explained to his lordship the
constitution of the society as one consisting entirely
of trades unionists, of which the deputation now
present were representatives. The trades unionists
might claim to speak in the name of the large body
of the labouring classes, It had been determined
that a deputation should seek an interview with his
lordship, because, working men not being repre-
sented in the House of Commons, t hey were obliged
on any matter which was particularly interesting
to them to address themselves directly to the Go-
vernment. Their desire was to see France and
England co-operating cordially in the cause of Po-
land. They were not jea ions of the influence of France
in Europe. That feeling might be entertained, and
expressed in other quarters, but among working
men it did Lot exist. The resolutions agreed to at
the meeting would be read, and when he assured his
lordship that they were carried with the heartiest
unanimity and enthusiasm he would understand
what the temper of the meeting was.
Mr. G. POTTER then read the resolutions agreed
to at tha meeting, three in number, denouncing the
conduct of Russia, expressing sympathy with the
Poles in the insurrection, and calling upon the Go-
vernment to interfere by force, if necessary, to se-
cure the independence of Poland. He considered
England had a right to speak plainly on this mat-
ter, inasmuch as she was a party to the Treaty of
Vienna, and assisted in placing a portion of Poland
in subjection to Russia under certain conditions,
one being that the constitution of Poland should be
preserved. His lordship must be aware tbat this
stipulation had been wilfully, grossly, and inso-
lently violated. The constitution of Poland
has been entirely abrogated by the Emperor Nicho-
las, and had never been restored. So far from Russia
upholding the nationality of Poland, she had used
her every effort to destroy it ; she had abolished
thePollsh colours, closed the universities, introduced
the Russian language into all public acts, confis-
cated the property of the Polish nobility, and sent
thousands of her people into exile. The present
policy of Russia seemed to be the total annihilation
of Poland as a country, and to blot her out of the
map of Europe. The deputation now before his
lordship considered Russia had forfeited all claims
to Poland under the Treaty of Vienna, and believed
it to be the duty of her Majesty's Goy ernment to
use every means within their power to free Poland
from the brutalising grasp of Russia, and to restore
its ancient nationality. They were of opinion that if
diplomacy could not accomplish this object the Go-
vernment should not hesitate to take other means, and
he could assure his lordship, however strong the mea-
sures it might be necessary to adopt, the Govern-
ment would be warmly supported by the millions
of the industrious classes. (Hear.)
Mr. CONNOLLY, mason, said the deputation were
there to tell his lordship the feeling of the working
men of England on the Polish question. They con-
sidered it necessary for the peace of Europe that
Poland should be again a nation, and they thought
that the present afforded a favourable opportunity
for her Majesty's Government to insure that result.
The working classes were not insensible to the evils
of war, but they were prepared to encounter these
evils, to bear suffering and increased taxation, if by
so doing Poland would be made free. (Hear.)
Mr. CREMER, joiner, wished his lordship distinctly
to understand what the deputation wished. They
desired the Government to take immediate action, to
tell Russia to relinquish her hold on Poland, and if
she would not do that, to compel her by force of
arms. (Cheers.) These were the sentiments of the
great bulk of the working men of this country.
Mr. MURRAY (bootmaker) said they were no ad-
mirers of his lordship's domestic policy ; he refused
workmen the right of representation ; but they ad-
mired his general foreign policy, and trusted he
would act on this question with his usual vigour.
The English Government not long since suspended
diplomatic relations with Naples on account of the
barbarous conduct of that Government; and let
them now, if Russia persisted in her present diabo-
lical conduct, withdraw the English ambassador
from St. Petersburg, and send the Russian ambas-
sador home with a message to his master that an
English fleet and army would follow him if neces-
sary. His lordship had often expressed his sym.
pathy for Poland, let him now, other means failing,
take more decided means.
Mr. PETHERBRIDGE (joiner) thought the time
had passed for expressions of barren sympathy for
the gallant Poles. The working men of this coun-
try desired to see a speedy termination to the savage
atrocities of Russia in Poland, and thought that
could only be accomplished by the determination of
the English Government to proceed to the extremity
of war if necessary.
Mr. NILAss (plasterer) thought the question was,

PRICE..... -..4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

should barbarism or civilisation be allowed to
triumph ?. To preserve the balance of power in
Europe it was the duty of the English Government
to restrain the growing power of Russia, whose
ambition, if not kept within proper limits, would
always be detrimental to the peace of Europe. The
conduct of Prussia at this moment with respect to
the Polish question was disgraceful to her as a
civilised nation.

Mr. Applegarth (joiner), Mr. Wigmora (brick-
layer), Mr.Facey (paint er),and Mr. Eg.intqn (joiner),
reiterated the opinions of previous speakers. Tbey
contended that if a war with Russia became neces-
sary to set Poland free, it would be one of the most
popular were ever entered into by England, and the
Government might depend on the supp rt of the
country at large. (Cheers.)

Lord PALMERSTON said—l have felt considerable
pleasure in listening to the members o the depu-
tation, who have spoken in such clear and unmis-
takeable terms, and which do much credit to their
intelligence and good feeling. I think it is al ways
useful that a person occupying the position I do in
her Majesty's Government should clearly under-
stand the opinions and feelings of that numerous
and important class represented by this deputation.
I think the generous sympathy you have displayed
for Poland highly creditable; indeed, the sympathy
of Englishmen for the victims of wrong and bad go-
vernment is so general as to have become almost a pro-
verb. No nation has been so long the victims of
wrong as the Polish people. By the Treaty of Vienna
a constitution was guaranteed to Poland by Russia,
and the Emperor of Russia of that day gave a con-
stitution, but it was soon put to sleep, and never
yet tried. Russia never did, nor does she to this
day, fulfil the compact she entered into. (Hear,
hear.) I entirely share in the general feeling ex-
pressed towards Poland, but peace or war is a grave
question, requiring much deliberation, and one that
I would not enter upon without consulting my col-
leagues in the Government. Be assured, however,
gentlemen, that I will represent the opinions you
have so ably laid before me to nay colleagues, and
that we shall do our best for the cause of Poland.
Mr. CREmER—We are men of action, my lord,
and have come to the conclusion that the only way
to aid the Poles is to call on Russia to desist from
her present conduct, and, if she will not attend to
that call, thrash her into compliance. (Cheers.)
Lord PALMERSTON (laughing) said—l cannot
pledge myself as to the course her Majesty's Govern-
ment will ultimately take on this question. You
must be aware, gentlemen, that the duty of a man
in office is to give his opinion on the past, to speak
of the present, but not to talk about the future. I
can only say that I will faithfully convey the
opinions of this important deputation, whom I have
been very glad to have met, to my colleagues in the
Government, and that they will secure every con-
sideration.

The deputation then retired, thanking his lord-
ship for the courtesy with which they had been
received. The interview lasted nearly an hour.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

TIMES.—It can now hardly be doubted that an-
other great disaster has befallen the Federal arms.
The army which was led so confidently across the
Rappahannock in the last days of April had, accord-
ing to the last advices, been repulsed by the Con-
federates after three days of fighting ; the division
of General Sedgwick had been cut to pieces and
forced to recross the river; and the main body,
under General Hooker himself, had fallen back, and
was " intrenching itself" in the presence of a power-
ul and victorious enemy. The course of events,
though known to us only from a hasty despatch, is
sufficiently clear to enable us to judge of the great-
ness of the Confederate success and the peril in which
the whole army of the Potomac stands. It has
already been told that the result of the desperate
fighting on Sunday, the 3d of May, was to cause the
main army of General Hooker to fall back about a
mile nearer the Rappahannock and to abandon its
headquarters of Cnancellorsville. On the evening
of Sunday the bead-qu rters of General Hooker were
between that place and United States Ford, on the
Rappahannock. Tee fierce attack of General Jack-
son—if he it was who assailed the Federal right—
had totally disconcerted all the plans of Hooker. In-
stead of being able to march round to the rear of the
Confederates and cut off their communications, while
General Sedgwick attacked them in front, the main
Federal army was thrown back on the river, so that
it must either recommence the conflict by a direct
attack on its victorious enemy, or defend itself in
its dangerous l osition ; or retreat across the river,
as the army of General Burnside did in December
last. But on the Sunday night the worst had not
come. The corps of General Sedgwick was still
opposed to the enemy lower down the river, and
had, as it was said, carried Fredericksburg heights
with brilliant success. Here, then, there was hope
of retrieving the fortunes of the campaigns. The
plans of the Federal commander had miscarried,
and the Confederate army could not be taken
in the rear, but, if Sedgwick was able to keep
possession of Fredericksburg heights, he might
hold the Confederate Generals in check long
enough to allow the main Federal army to be rein-
forced and placed in a condition to make a new ad-
vance. Gen. Lee, however, and his brother com-
manders appear to have struck blow after blow with
a promptness fatal to the Federal hopes. When Gen.
Hooker first determined on his plan of operations
he no doubt:considered that the corps of a. n. Sedg-
wick crossing below Fredericksburg, near the spot
made memorable by the former battle, would en-
gage all the attention of the Confederate generals,
and allow him, with the main body of his army, to
make an unmolested march to the enemy's rear. It
is probable that with this view he gave Gen. Sedg-
wick a much larger force than the 15,000 n.entioned
in the latest despatches as having been defeated on
Monday. But, whatever the numbers thus de-
tached from the main army, they did not succeed
in drawing off the Confederates. Gen. Lee seems
even to have allowed them to gain some advan-
tages at Fredericksburg while the main strength
of the Confederates was directed against General
Hooker in person. The Federal general had crossed
12 miles higher up, but only to find that the ene-
my had made a corresponding movement, and was
ready to assail him on the right wing, instead of
allowing his own left to be turned. Hence the bat-
tles of Saturday and Sunday, which not all the in-
genious colouring of the Federal correspondents
can prevent us from regarding as defeats. By thus
divining the intentions of Hooker, and directing
their principal attack against him, the Confederate
leaders frustrated his whole plan of the campaign,
but as soon es Hooker was sufficiently repulsed the
Southern commander turned upon the corps of
Sedgwick, which, by Hooker's failure, was expo
as:4
to his full force. Monday, the 4th of May,fi passed
quietly for the main Federal army.
Division to
took place, we are told, till late in the afternoon,
when Gen. Hooker having advanced a
ensued, lasting
feel" the enemy, a brisk action ftegrnoon,
the general was left
for half an hour, and
thenß t while the corn-
feeling the enemy "
birswheilafnsgs'atleeu,s his unfortunate subordi-
nate"
annudsielry.iwienhtriee
by the
Hooker's
o Confederatesoker,B
armywith
ikst being
g
received
Sedgwicka
e,
described as a slaughter unparalleled in the
h
completely
wtveashbaeing destroyed
itselfmwwa nuandrsat
fmwhavemaking
Bbhecenwsdishatred that it was obliged to busy
offm.uchThdoe pended ,
accounts
short but decisive. General Long t v
aonfewwhmic
miles esso
to have arrived with fresh troopssreet is supposed
Large masses o f Confederates a frcm Suffolk,
to the east of Fredericksburg,ppearcd on the, heights
to join the force which threatened and thence moved up
General was fiercely attacked, Sedgwick. This
numbers, and forced to probably by superior
a shattered
f(
fee,
the
retreat across the river with
bridges over enemy's artillery raking the
which e
at B ink's Fort, he fie d. The battle took place
burg and fhol
.t midway between Fredericks-
point where the Rapiden joins the
Rwaliannock.
all fear of an attackt relieves the Confederates froio
on their right, and allows them
to use all their Hoed
strength against General Hooker,
face the whole Confederate army.
It is, indeed, difficult to imagine a more unfortu-
nate position. It would be a relief to the Federal
Government if in such a case it could pronounce its
army to be" safe." As for an advance through that
difficult country in the face of a powerful enemy
elated by victory, the idea must be abandoned.
A fter three days of unsuccessful fighting the utmost
Hooker can hope for is to be able to repel the
attacks on his position, and retire after a time with
safety and credit across the river. But will he be
considers
able to accomplish this? Every one who

_ ~.;...,:4\-
a.
~,,,
NE IS'S PA. P F.:/i
his situation must agree that it is very , bt ...,-,..4. „..; r
is twelve miles above Fredericksburg, 04 , q.;11-_ A\. \*e..7:•
tion of the Itippahannock and the Rap 414-A-F4 ~.,,c ifj,
~.4.,
river below him is in the power of the ipii<,--T-tileff-' )",,t4i
t
stated that at daybreak on the sth the niederat :i ;:zf.f44,
had obtained a position on the hills on Itii,fou
Si
bank of the Rappahannock, scarcely two mires bet
low United States' Ford, and had begun to shell the
Federal trains lying on the north side of the river.
A reference to the map shows how completely the
Confederates are on the line of General Hooker's
communications with the Potomac. Not only is
he on the wrong side of a deep and rapid river, to
cross which in the presence of a pursuing enemy
must be almost ruin, but it is quite possible that he
may be hemmed in, his communications interrupted,
and the whole supplies of his army cut off. Under
these circumstances he will do well if he succeed in
rescuing his army as well as Burnside, of whom he
was a few weeks ago so contemptuous. There can
be little presumption in saying that this new inva-
sion has proved a failure as well as those which pre-
ceded it. A General who is driven into intre•;ch-
Inents in the first week of the campaign is little
conquest of the Confederate
likely to corop_lete the

HERALD —ln the vote of £956 878 for the packet
service of the present year, prevision, as will have
b. en seen from what took place last evening in the
Howe of Commons, was made for papa ants to Mr.
J. G. Churchward for the conveyance of mails be-
tween Dover and Calais, and Dover and Ostend, up
to the 20th of June, and no longer. This limitation,
and the reasons assigned for it, are now familiar
public matters; but Mr. Churchward has stated his
own case so very fairly and without imputation, that
our readers must excuse us if we present it as
derived solely from his own clear and temperate
statement. From the year 1846 Mr. Churchward
took up and pressed the question of a more efficient
and certain transit of the continental mails, and in
interviews with the civil Lord of the Admiralty
and the Post-office Secretary of that period ex-
plained that the service was capable of consider-
able improvement, if the conveyance of the mails
were undertaken by contract. In November,
1849, and in September, 1852, the subject was
again and again renewed with the Admiralty,
until at last, towards the end of the year 1853,
a Parliamentary Committee reported that Mr.
Churchward's views were correct, and that it
was expedient that these mails should be carried
by contract. In 1854 tenders were publicly
invited by the Lords of tho Admiralty, and Mr.
Churchward's tender, being £1,520 less than
chat of one of his competitors, and £4,750 lower
than that of the other applicant, was accepted and
entered upon in the April of that year. At the
same time it was distinctly acknowledged by official
authorities that this agreement was the means of
effecting a saving of public money of £lO,OOO per
annum. Moreover, the Hamburgh mails, pre-
viously carried by a separate route, at an expense
of£loBf 1:
year,,oolos7oooa y
wereear sub-
sidyienhctlauidneeddihnythliisr.vcerhyureh
Church-
ward. The first contract of four-and-a-half years,
daring which Mr. Churchward was testing the suc-
cess of his arrangements under the eyes of his dis-
appointed rivals, the South-Eastern Railway Com-
pany and the North of Europe Steam Navigation
Company, were so disastrous that Mr. Churchward
clearly saw he could only hope to indemnify him-
self for his losses by obtaining a renewal of his con-
tract. The Government evidently allowed that he
proved his claim for consideration, and extended his
contract to an additional four years beyond the
term of the first arrangement. He was thus se-
cured up to June, 1863, in his conveyance of these
special mails. Up to the year 1858 it was always
allowed that the efficiency of the service under Mr.
Churchward was increased and maintained, but
meanwhile, by a second total wreck, the contractor
was exposed to very trying losses. Accordingly,
Mr. Churchward again sought to fortify his posi-
tion, and to overcome these unforeseen depreciation s
to his bargain, by applying to the Government for
a further extension of his contract. He had proved
the worth of his services to the public, and thought
that he was entitled to such a consideration. In
April, 1859, he accordingly received the result of
his applications, and a new contract was made with
the Admiralty, constituting Mr. Churchward the
contractor for carrying these continental mails till
April, 1870, with an increased subsidy bringiug his
allowance up to £lB,OOO a year, from the addition
of a commuted sum of £2,500 for special and extra
services, harbour and tonnage dues, and particu-
larly those incurred for the India mails, &c.
This contract Mr. Churchward has invariably
claimed and now claims as his right—a right of
which he has been deprived by a mere political
intrigue. In his own words, Mr. Churchward has
asked that the question should be determined upon
strictly legal and commercial principles, and has
appealed to the Postmaster-General not to "suffer a
public servant," and a good one, we may add, "to
be sacrificed to any political cry, from whatever
quarter it may come." It may be just as well to
remark that Sir F. Kelly, Mr. Bovill, Sir Hugh
Cairns, and Mr. Hannen, in the clearest possible
language, affirm that the contract "is a good and
valid contract," and that Mr. Churchward can pro-
ceed, by petition of right, to recover compensation
for the dismissal of it it' necessary. But the present
Government have admitted the existence of the con-
t. act by instructing, on the retirement of Lord
Derby's Administration, the Admiralty superin-
tendent at Dover, " to see to the proper performance
of the contract of April, 1859 ; and both the Ad-
miralty and the Accountant General of the Navy
in certain subsequent correspondence, specify the
existence and liabilities of this very contract which
it is now sought to repudiate. The Government
prem'ses at Dover, moreover, leased by Mr. Church-
ward from the present Government, are held up to
April, 1870, and the lease, duly executed by two of
the present Lords of the Admiralty, fully recites
this contract of 1859. Lord Clarence Paget has
not, with his usual hardihood, cared for all these im-
plied recognitions. The Board of Admiralty and he
have repudiated the contract, and have determined
to treat it as " non-existent," The First Lord and
the Secretary of the Admiralty, for their disdain of
aught but their own absolute inclination, may rank
with Minister President Von Bismark Schonhausen,
and Mr. Churchward is thrown over. Mr.
Frederick Peel asserted last night that the Bel-
gian government had undertaken a portion of
Mr. Churchward's contract, and a Mr. Her-
rington had tendered for the carrying of the
mails between Dover and Calais at a considerably
reduced rate. The House of Commons, almost
proverbial for its rigorous sense of justice when
individuals are concerned, in a spirit of true eco-
nomy endorsed Mr. Frederick Peel's proposition by
a majority of eight. So Mr. Churchward loses his
contract and the foreigner gets it, and a service cre-
ditably and even admirably performed is sacrificed
to a paltry political intrigue. It remains for Mr.
Churchward to seek in the law courts of the coun-
try the justice which party spirit denies to him in
the House of Commons. Notwithstanding the
strong belief of the Solicitor-General and the rest
of her Majesty's Government in the soundinesdsin ogf
their case, there can be little doubt bow
h
will
willbe when
judgehen the
it n
e t matterina
is a
pt
rki et no
I. before
factio tna:t
but
the a
thatl
law of evidence. It must be remembered
the
which contract
moat
inevitably has not been well and efficiently per
thate thleiree
is not the shadow of imputat_i
notup one
to more ore
sanctiont a n £a 1
grosso a
atrhriashnpgaelmtryenstu,
niShitrhSe tHaffooursde
ynefwor
saving
yuentdoesrteutbsiebl
oyNfeoacrrot.hmerno tuen tell lwl
act of oppression and injustice
as"°cwalileildlaw courts,
and which inflicts a permanent blow
on the credit
of the country.
inevitably bring it into collisionownailitthhaatetfhtrm

The Attempted Murder and Suicide at
Woolwich.

Last evening, at six o'clock, Mr. C. J. Carttar,
coroner for West Kent, resurntd
Britannia Tavern, an inquiry at the
Henry-street, Woolwich, into
the circumstances attend g the death of Mr. George
Richard Roberts;
street
against
ngaitnhsatt
Thursday last, own,
a master baker, residing at King-
mraaxdeton,who committed suicide on.
shortlyhim
mb after an accusation had been
to the Effect by
at the instigation of the
his servant, a girl named
deceased she had attempted to poison his wife.
Mr. Farnfield, solicitor, attended to watch the pro-
ceedings on b‘half of the relatives of the deceased;
and the room was densely crowded. Mrs. Eliza
Roberts, widow of the deceased, who appeared
deeply
affected, stated that on Thursday last Police-
Inspector Lin well came to her residence and saw
witness and the deceased, whom he informed as to
th t accusation made by the girl Paxton.
that the
afternoon, and remarked to the inspectoryr
pereon,B
de-
ceased promised to attend the police-court on
girl was a wretch who would
swear
Bed her entire
life away ; and witness also etx:nred
agreed to
disbelief in in the girl's statevahoen
Police-court. After
company the deceased
to
odtccoased went upstairs,
the inspector left the
arolcy
1 with the intention
brushed his clothes PP that
—6
aourt—but he afterwards went
of proceeding
d The deceased had been much
lot med of the Hu 1
in • iicte since the death of his two chil-
depressed sup::
:nvitdoetnheee,
last. The witness gave further
dren in Aug
from which it appeared that she entirely
and witness was subsequently in-
statement made against the deceased
discredited the
the girl Paxton.
by - father of deceased, and Linother
witnesses, Roberts,o
gave evidence to prove that sine the
death g .
e
of his children the deceased had 43
peared
very strange in his manner, and was much d
gadetnot
depressed
in spirits.
After some remarks from the coroner, •th
e jury
returned a verdict of " Temporary insanity."

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