The Sun.
London, England, 1863-10-31 00:00:00

unbroken. This struggle was to end in the com:
plete supremacy of free labour, and of the institu-
tion founded upon it, in a general policy Via should
be so shaped as to secure to that labour s just re.
ward." The same ideas were develops lat greater
length in the speech delivered by . Chase at
Mozart Hall in this city. I can hardly say, how-
ever, that his words carry conviction into the mind
of many of his hearers. The unlimited issue of
paper money is a financial operation scarcely re-
quiring any transcendent genius on the Fart of its
author. Admiration would rather be due to the
people which puts so boundless a confidence in it.
For the rest, the appalling scarcity of labour, the
doubled and trebled price of provisions and of all
the necessaries of life, the mad extravagance of the
classes enriched by the war, with gold at 1561-,
cause no trifling uneasiness to thinking people
throughout America, and chiefly in the West, and
shake their trust in an apparent prosperity arising
from the artificial demand created by the war, and
met by an artificial supply, defrayed by a paper
currency. The whole system is hollow at the core,
these people thank, and any rise in the price of gold
seems to the Western merchants the harbingers of
the " grand crash that is to come."

OCTOBER 14.
The election is over, and the public peace has
not been for one moment disturbed. I walked from
one polling shop to the other yesterday morning and
evening, visiting all the 17 wards of the city. A
posse of from a dozen to a score of policemen were
stationed at the door of each of these places ; but
they sat down idle and listless, and all their task
was limited to a little lazy chat and harmless chaff
with some of the bystanders. I saw no crowd any-
where; voters dropped in one by one, and interested
persons on both sides took care that the operations
should be conducted in all fairness and legality.
The public authorities nowhere interfered. I saw
soldiers nowhere ; nowhere Irish bullies armed
with formidable shillelaghs ; nowhere any attempt,
I will not say to force, but even to solicit a vote.
The positive result is, of course, not yet wholly
known at this early hour. But there was, even
yesterday, not the slightest doubt as to the issue of
the contest. The most sanguine Democrats avowed
their expectation that the voters for Vallandigham
would not exceed 190,000 ; while the Republicans
would poll 220,000. The organs of this latter party
contend this morning that their majority in the
home vote alone will exceed 50,000, and by adding
the suffrages of the army it will give them a balance
of no less than 100,000.

Unless I am greatly mistaken, however, the Re-
publican party and the Government have little
cause to congratulate themselves on their too easy
victory, even though it is simultaneous with their
success in Pennsylvania, and follows close upon that
of Maine, lowa, &c. So far as my most careful and
unprejudiced observations can enable me to form a
judgment of men and things in this Western part
of the Union, the better class of citizens, no less
than many of the lower orders, are weary of the
war. They are unwilling, as I said, to proceed to
any extremity of opposition which may seem like
rebellion against the Government ; they think it a
matter of duty and honour to uphold the Adminis-
tration such as it is, because the country, in their
opinion, requires united and untrammeled action;
but, for the rest, they are weary of the war, they
are dissatisfied with the manner in which it has been
managed, they are indignant against the tendency
which has been given to it ; they wish for a com-
promise with the South ; they wish for peace, with
Union and Abolition, if it can be contrived, but, if
it turn out impossible, without either,

Mr. Lincoln and his friends have a whole year
before them. If they can keep up the game for the
whole period, If they can carry the war to a happy
termination, or bring it at least to the verge of a
happy solution before their time is up, the people
will be with them, They will thank them for the
preservation of their blessed Union; they will not
upbraid them with the desolation of the South ;
they will strive to repair damwe, to heal financial
and social wounds with that confidence and alacrity
which characterise these happy tillers of a virgin
soil. But should a year do nothing or too little
for the close of these civil hostilities, should Octo=•
ber, 1864, find the country more or less in the same
position as it is in October, 1863, the Repub-
licans and the Abolitionists would be at a fearful
discount, and the people would vote for a "peace
man," were his name Mtelellan, or Buell, or Sey-
mour, or even the "traitor," Vallandigham. fhat
the present position of the Federal armies is not
the most enviable we may easily infer, in spite of
the unwearied efforts of the Washington press to
throw dust in their readers' eyes. The Southermers
under Bragg are encompassing Rosencranz in front
and rear, and straining every nerve to cut off his
communications. Nothing is said of the movements
of Burnside, who has put himself into contact with
his colleague, without apparently being able to
bring him relief. Meanwhile Lee, who was to be
driven to Richmond and there compelled to sur-
render, is beating,the Federals to the very shores of
the Potomac. At Charleston Gilmore and Dahl-
gren are amusing themselves with Greek fire; and,
in the West, General Blunt's Staff of 80 persons
fell into the hands of the rebels, who cut them to
pieces ; and the mere brigand bands of Quantrell
and Co. suddenly muster up intt an army, to the
terror and desolation of Missouri. Is it any wonder
in such a state of things if gold rises to 1561 ?