The Sun.
London, England, 1863-09-15 00:00:00

THE MEMORIAL TO WEDGWOOD,

The Chancellor of the Exchequer has promised, if his
engagements permit, to lay the first stone of the Wedgwood
Memorial at Burslem, on the 20th October. The Committee
of Council contribute £5OO in aid of the building. The
Potteries district has honoured itself by taking up the fame
of its great benefactor in a thorough way. The recently
placed statue of Wedgwood, by Mr. Davis, is, we are glad
to see, only an instalment of gratitude.

TIIE MEMORIAL TO THE HARTLEY SUFFERERS.

A plain but massive monument is about to be erected in
Hartley churchyard over the graves of the sufferers by the
Hartley calamity. The names of the 204 men and boys who
lost their lives so terribly will be inscribed on it, with a
suitable inscription recording their fate. The work will be
executed by Mr. Elliot, of Hartley, from a design by Mr.
A. Dunn, architect, of Newcastle,—Building News.

THE MEMORIAL TO MULREADY.
The memorial to Mr. Mulready already alluded to in our
columns is to consist of a tablet on his tomb at Kensal
Green, to be supplemented by a statue in the National

TICE MEMORIAL TO HAMPDEN.
A memoral, consisting of an obGlisk eight feet high, sur-
mounted by a Maltese Cross, is to be erected by public sub-
scription to John Hampden, in the field at Stoke Mandeville,
where the first assessment for ship-money was made. An
inscription, as follows, will be placed on the cross:—" For
these lands, in Stoke Mandeville, John Hampden was
assessed in twenty shillings, ship money, levied by com-
mand of the King without authority of law; the 4th of
August, 1635. By resisting the claim of the King in legal
strife ho upheld the rights of the people under the law, and
became entitled to grateful remembrance. ilia works on
earth ended after the conflict in Chalgrove Field, the 18th
of June, 1613, and he rests in Great Hampden Church."
We may record this as a singuiar improvement in taste
over the fact that several professed lovers of Hampden did
not scruple to dig up a body they believed to be his and
mutilate it, in order to decide how he was killed.-
41thenceunt.
THE MEMORIAL TO THE LATE LADY CANNING,
designed by Mr. 0: G. Scott, has been erected over
her grave. It is of Sicilian marble, composed of a massive
plinth supporting a coffin-shaped, horizontal slab, the top
of which is wrought with a floriated cross ; a shield of arms
is placed on either side of the stem of the cross. At the
head of the tomb a tall stone rises, wrought at the top into
a richly .carved cross, having an appropriate inscription
beneath it.

SUGAR FROM SERPENTS' SKINS.—In 1861 M. de
Luca made some experiments, from which it ap-
peared that the skins cast off by silkworms might be trans-
formed into sugar. The same chemist has sent in a paper
to the Academy of Sciences, in which he describes a similar
Process for changing serpents' skins into sugar. These
skins contain a small quantity of a substance resembling the
cellulose of plants, soluble in ammoniuret of copper, and
transformable into glucose, which reduces the tartrate of
copper and potash, awl ferments under the influence of
yeast, yielding thereby carbonic acid and alcohol. Concen-
trated sulphuric acid and a solution of potash are the best
re-agents for depriving serpents' skins of their nitrogenous
matter; the residue, although very refractory to chemical
agents, may nevertheless be transformed into fermentable
glucose, recognisable from its property of reducing the
tartrate of copper and potash. Thus, M. de Luca boiled 50
grammes of serpents' skins in a litre of water containing
40 grammes of caustic potash, the skins having been pre-
vionsly treated with concentrated sulphuric acid. The
liqaid having been allowed to cool, a great deal of water was
added, and the undissolved residue was several times washed
by decantation, and then treated with ammoniuret of
copper, whereby an alkaline Isolation was obtained which,
on being neutralised by hydrochloric acid, yielded a white
precipitate; this, heated in slightly acidulated water, re-
duced the tartrate of copper and posh, thereby showing
that it was glucose, or the base of sugar. In another some-
what similar operation, glucose was obtained which fer-
mented iu contact with yeast, producing carbonic acid and
alcohol. The former was coipletely absorbed by caustic
potash ; the alcohol extracted from the solution by distil-
lation, and insulated by means of crystallised carbonate of
potash, was nearly pure, since it would burn without leav-
ing any residue ; rubbed between the hands it evaporated,
emitting an agreeable smell, though still partaking of that
of animal matter. From all this it may he concluded that
serpents' skins contain a very small quantity of sugary
matter or glucose,— Galignani.

" smashing" line seems to be chiefly with bad half-crowns.
As recently as Fridayayouth was committed by the borough
magistrates for trial at the sessions for having passed three
counterfeit half-crowns—two of them to a poor widow; and
on Saturday last four men, well-known to the police, were
brought before Mr. F. I. Welch, at the public office, on a
charge of having passed three and attempting to pass one,
other base half-crown at the house of Mrs. Upton, licensed.
victualler, Bradford-street. They described themselves as.
Wm. Thornton, brass-custer, Bull-ring ; Edward Jones,,
stamper, Mass. house-lane ; David Swift, striker, Thorpe-
street , and William Jones,. stamper, Icknield-port-road.
Mr. Dickens defended Swift.' From the evidence it ap-
peared that on Friday evening,• at about seven o'clock, five
or six persons, amongst whom were the prisoners, were in
the liquor shop of the prosecutrYx . The prisoners in the
course of the evening successfully 1, assed three counterfeit
half-crowns, one for gin, another ale, and a third for
andasked Thornton, f
some sherry. They received a good thmount of change in
genuine money for their bate coins. At length one of the
half-
crown ners,
rweehabnegliee.ve,tihrrs uewdp° w avinhoot h
hader h alf
wUpton
re-
ceived the rest of the ba •
so money' ,the coin,
examined and,
discovering it to be a counterfeitn one, called out her son,
and
s
and told him that she had taken three eother cooins,
from the prisoners. He at once locked into the till and find -
ing. three bad half-crowns, went round the counterr a,-td en-
deavoured to arrest the four men. The latter, however,
made a desperate resistance, and all, with the exceP Heat of
Thornton, got away. 'The prisoner having been takenieta
adjoining room. a police-constable was sent for. Before the'
arrival of an officer, however, the three men who had escaped
returned, in company with five or six other men, and at-
tempted to rescue their captured companion—but the son of
the landlady, not willing to liberate his prisoner, seized a
good strong poker, and laid it about his assailants pretty
freely. At this point a police-officer came to the scene of
action, but no sooner did he make his appearance than all
Thornton's gallant rescuers ran away, Thornton was then.
quietly handed over to the officer, and removed to the po-
lice station, On the following morning Detective Serjeants
Mountford, Seal, and Robinson, from a description they
had received of the men who had escaped, apprehended the
two Joneses at a lodging• house in Mssshouse-lane, and
Smith at a house of ill-fame in Thorpe-street. The whole
of the prisoners were now clearly identified by the prose-
cutrix, and they were remanded for a week in order that
the depositions may be sent to the Mint authorities, who in
the meantime will consider the advisability of a prosecution
at the sessions.

Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur-
chasing Horniman's pure Tea ; very choice at 3s. 4d. and.
4s. " High Standard "at 4s. 4d. (formerly 48. Sd.), is the

strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every
town supply it in packets.

ELECTION OF LORD MAYOR.—The citizens of
London have been cited to attend at the Guildhall
on the 29th inst. for the purpose of proceeding to the election.
of a Lord Mayor for the year 1863-64, in succession to Mr
William Anderson Rose, whose term of offico will expire
on the Bth of November. The Lord Mayor, sheriffs, and
other civic officials, will attend Divine service in the parish
church of St. Lawrence Jewry, where a sermon will be
preached by the Rev. J. Lupton, M.A., minor canon of St..
Paul's, and rector of St. Michael's Queenhithe. At the
Guildhall the following gentlemen "below the chair" will
be put in nomination ; Mr. William Lawrence, alderman
of Bread-street Ward, elected 1855 ; Mr. Warren Stormes
Hale, Coleman-street, 1856; Mr. Benjamin Samuel Phillips,
Farringdon Within, 1857 ; Mr Thomas Gabriel, Vintry,
1857 ; Mr John Joseph Mechi, Lime-street, 1858 ; Mr
Edward Conder, Baasishaw, 1859 ; Mr James Abiss,
Bridge Within, 1859; Mr James Clarke Lawrence, Wal-
brook, 1860. The following aldermen, below the chair,
are ineligible, inasmuch as they have not served the office,
of sheriff:—Mr Thomas Dakin, Candlewick, 1861; Mr
Robert Bosley, A Idersgate, 1861; Mr Sells John:Gibbons,
Castle Bayard, 1862 ; Mr Sydney Waterlow, Langbourn,
1863. The livery will, no, doubt, return Mr William
Lawrence and Mr W. S. Hale, upon which tile Court of
Aldermen will select Mr Lawrence as the Lord Mayor for
the ensuing year. He carries on the business of a builder
in Lambeth.

EMIGRATION—PLYMOUTII, Sat urday.—The ship
Derwentwater, 567 tons, Capt. Thompson, belong-
ing to Messrs. Richardson Brothers, of St. Helen's-place,
arrived here this morning, the first of several ships which
have left London within the last ten days for Plymouth, but
have been detained in the channel by heavy weather. Sho
is bound to Canterbury, New Zealand, with a full general
cargo and 16 passengers, including Mr. Harper, son of tho
Bishop of Canterbury. The ship Duncan Dunbar, 1,37,1
tons, Capt. J. B. Swanson, built by the late Mr, Dunbar ex-
pressly for the trade, now the property of Messrs. Gellatiey,
Monkey, and Sewell, of Leadenhall-street, arrived in tb.e
Sound this afternoon, bound for Sydney. She has a com-
plete cargo, including 150 tons of railway iron, a large quan-
tity of Burton and other ales in cask and bottle, and an un-
usual proportion of furniture, carriages, &c., belonging to

the passengers, one of wbous has 150 measurement tons.
On deck there are three choice bulls, seven cows, 12 merino
sheep, &c. The Duncan Dunbar has, as usual, many pas-
sengers, there being no less than GO in the chief cabin, be-
sides those in the steerage. Among the former are several
old colonists, Mr. Land and family, Mr. George Thorneand
family, Mrs. Carr and Son, and Mrs. Henderson, who has
been here several days. It is intended that the Derwent-
water and the Duncan Dunbar shall sail for their destina-

lion this evening. The Dover Castle, Capt. J. M. Ayles,
belonging to Messrs. Green, of Blackwell, bound to Mel-
bourne, received Mr. Glum, her pilot, off Exmouth yester-
day. She is expected every hour. The Ida, Capt. Laws,
with Government emigrants for Sydney, is due here on the
14th, and the Northumberland, Capt. Hawkings, for South
Australia on the 21st. All these ships are despatched hence
by Mr. Wilcocks. The total number of passengers and
emigrants who have left this port during the quarter ended
Juno 30 is 2,090, being 995 more than in the parallel quar-
ter of 1562. Of these 107 went to Canada, 833 to New South
Wales, 250 to Victoria, 389 to Queensland, 19 to South
Australia, and 467 to New Zealand.
SHOOTING DESERTING SUBSTITUTES.—The exe-

cution of the five deserting substitutes from the
118th Pennsylvania—Charles Walter, Emile Lai, John
Reannese, G. Kuhn, and John Folany —took place yester-
day afternoon, at 20 minutes to 4 o'clock, within the lines
of Col.Sweitzer's brigade, before the'Fifth Army Corps. The
condemned were paraded, with hands manacled behind,
accompanied by their priests, beforo each regiment in turn,
preceded by their coffins and by a band playing a dirge.
Tho different regimental bands either joined in as they
passed or the drum corps beat a muffled roll. On reaching
their graves each man was seated on his coffin, and Captain
Orme, Provost-Marshal of the First Division, read the
several sentences, preceded by long and tedious charges
and specifications. Through this trial of patience the
agonised men appeared resigned. Their eyes were vacant
and glazed, with a general idea that a marshalled host of
men was before them, and that a few stood near by. They
fixed their vision on no one person or thing, they were ab-
sorbed in their fate. Walter was a Jew, and was attended
by the Rev. Mr. Szold, Rabbi of the Gnebshalon Congrega.
tion in Baltimore. Lai and Reannese wen Catholics, and
attended by the Rev. C. L. Egan, of St. Dominick's,Wash-.
ington, in lace canonicals. Kuhn and Folany wee e Gor-
man Protestants, and were administered to by the Rev. W.
O'Neill, chaplain of the 118th Pennsylvania. Walter,
much agitated, stood up and recited in Hebrew after the
Rabbi the Penitential Psalms and Voices of the Penta-
teuch, swinging his body rapidly backward and forward.
The rest knelt, while their priests knelt and prayed. At
the close the Rabbi kissed Walter, Walter kissed him in
return, and crossing over to Folany, with whom he had
been intimate; also kissed him. The men again sat on their
coffins. Their eyes were bandaged with white cloth. Fifty
men, in two ranks, stood before them. A rapid "Ready,
aim, fire I " was given, and they simultaneously foil back-
ward on the coffins, placid lumps of clay. Reannese, Kuhn,
and Folany ran off and fell upon their faces. The two
former bi eathed for a few moments, though insensible. Ten
men fired at each, one of the ten muskets being unloaded,
as is customary. An argument for precedence in the proces-
sion took place between the Rabbi and the Catholic priest.
The latter claimed the first rank as representing what he
considered the first of churches. The former asserted his
right as acting for the eldest of faiths. The provost-marshal
decided in favour of the Rabbi. Another argument took
place between Gens. Sykes and Griffin. Tho court-martial
ordered the execution between the hours of 2 and 4. The
troops of the sth corps had not all arrived till long after 3.
Griffin, in whose division the transaction was to occur, said
if 4 o'clock struck before their arrival he would feel himself
to be murdering them to allow their death. Sykes, com-
manding the corps, did not see the point in the same light.
The tarrying regiments, however, came up before the time
had elapsed. Four of the culprits weremarried. Folany was
single. Walter's wife lives in New York, and interceded
with the President, but. to no purpeee. The families of the
rest live in Europe. They had all hopes of pardon till the
procession commenced.—New York, 2ribune.
SUICIDE THROUGH DlSTRESS.—Yesterdey Mr.
John II nmphrrys, the coroner, held an impiest at the Bell
Tavern, Chureb-lene, Whitechapel, respecting the death.
of James Ilartley, aged C 6, a coachman. The deceased
lodged at No. 42, Church-lane, Whiteehapel, and had
been out of employment for a considerable period, which
fact preyed on his mind. The deceased was a widower,
and went to bed about eleven o'clock on Thursday night.
Oa the following morning the deceased did not make
his appearance as usual, when the landlady opened
his room door, and found him in a sitting position
on the floor with a rope round his neck. When medical
assistance was procured life had gone. After some further
evidence, showing that deceased had been desponding and
had threatened his life, the jury returned a verdict of
" Suicide while of unsound Ada."