The Sun.
London, England, 1863-03-24 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY__EV MARCUI 24, 1863„

the unhappy Polich nation ; and he believed that, •
when the time came for publishing the communica-
tions into which they had entered, it would be found
that they had not neglected their duty. The house
soon after resolved itself into a committee of supply,
and resumed the consideration of the army estimates.

^flop, alike in the face of the up-
and the protracted
aivided members

other duty but ina,
rising cf oppressed nations._
and hopeless struggle between the
of a kindred race ?

The ruinous consequences resulting to our

Lan-

cashire people from the unhappy quarrels between
our cousins on the other side of the Atlantic had
been long foreseen by reflecting politicians, but were
little, if at all, provided for. While fortune
favoured, all promised a loeg continuance of
success with those who prospered. " Make hay
while the sun shines" was the light-hearted talk of
the day, and all went well. Employers realised, and
their workmen were cheerful in having plenty to
do. Thus neither master nor man seemed to ap-
prehend any serious change of circumstances; and
no wonder, for people naturally look on the better
side of things. But the sudden disruption between
the Americans, North and South, soon threw a
gloom over the scene. The fate of Lancashire
seemed to have been bound up with the orderly
supply of cotton from their one great customer, and
any misfortune to him was sure to communicate to
them. Then their shortsighted policy was felt in
having trusted too much to one source of supply.
India had formerly furnished cotton, but its culti-
vation was not encouraged, and people will not
grow what they cannot sell, to the exclusion of
other articles which find a ready market at a fair
remuneration. Hence the double difficulty. The
supply was daily decreasing from America, and the
prospect of getting enough from other quarters at
such short notice was hopeless. Still the necessity
urged them to exertion, and India—too long
neglected—was now looked to as the chief resource.
The climate was favourable, and labour was cheap;
so to work they went with the earnestness of
people eager to retrieve their fortune. But their
progress was interrupted by those whose duty it
was to have affsrded every assistance which a wise
Government could have done. But Governments
are not always wise nor well disposed, and unhap-
pily, in the present case, the Secretary of State for
India, Sir CHARLES WOOD, took a different view of
what was best to be done from those who had the
greatest interest in the business. His policy with
regard to India has been at variance with that of
most public men, for reasons incomprehensible to
others even if clear to himself. Witness his oppo-
sition to Lord CANNING'S administration, and to
Mr. LAING'S clear sighted views into the true
policy to be pursued in respect to India. We im-
pute no motives to Sir CHARLES WOOD, but we
cannot help lamenting his obstinate persistency in
a wrong course. Nor are we singular in that view,
as the men of Manchester can testify. But there
is another authority who brings chapter and verse
in support of his argument in a letter to Lord
STANLEY on the policy of the Secretary for India.
It is by Mr. JOHN DICKINSON, chairman of the
India Reform Society, and is published by P, S.
KING, of Parliament-street.
Mr. DICKINSON takes a masterly view of the
state of India and the natural remedy for its im•
provement. He begins by a covert hint to Sir
CHARLES WOOD, that great as his present power
may be, yet public opinion still looks with an
eye of welcome to his successor. In fact they con-
sider his great political rival as an authority next
to himself. And, no wonder, from their reliance on
the habits of business, and the independence of mind
displayed by Lord STANLEY, whether in office or
out of it. On this principle Mr. DICKINSON appeals
to his Lordship, as one to whom the public look for
keeping watch over the Indian Administration with
a sagacity to detect errors, and a courage to note
them in their true light, without shrinking from the
responsibility involved by the public confidence in
i a statesman so universally respected for his own
• previous administration of Indian affairs.

A very important and interesting question was
last night brought under the notice of the Upper
House by Lord STRATREDEN. The noble lord, in

moving for the production of the despatches of Mr.
MASON, took the opportunity of speaking at some
length on our relations with the rival American
powers. He remarked that it was generally un-
derstood that at the close of last session the English
and French Governments were acting in unison,
but that since that time their views were no longer
in perfect accordance. lie considered himself that
all hopes of a successful mediation were barred by
Mr. SEWARD'S reply to the French Minister, and he
therefore proceeded to consider the expediency of re-
cognising the South. The recognition he proposed
implied the sending of diplomatic representatives.
In support of his views he cited several instances
where recognition had preceded the termination
of war. So far from finding that the acknowledg-
ment of insurgents had followed the cessation of
hostilities, the cessation of hostilities had followed
the acknowledgment by neutrals. " The United
States acknowledged Nicaragua under General
WALKER before hostilities had ceased. The United
States acknowledged the revolted colonies of Spain
before the efforts of the mother country to re-
duce them to subjection were extinguished. The
Ameriean Government sent out a distinguished
person in 1848 or 1849, with large discre-
tionary powers, to Hungary, but conquest prevented
him from recognising the independence of that
country. Passing to the old world, he found that
France acknowledged the British North American
possessions rebelling against Britain long before the
efforts of this country to suppress the rebellion
were exhausted. And, although the acknowledg-
ment by Great Britain of the Spanish republics was
somewhat tardy, it must be remembered that she had
to avoid giving umbrage to the three Powers with
whom she had acted up to and beyond 1815. The
last example he should give was one which made
him independent of all the rest, and which tallied
nearly in every point with the question now before
the world, and which surpassed all the others in
magnitude ; it was that of Portugal, acknowledged
as it was in 1611, by France, Great Britain, Hol-
land, and Sweden, within 12 months after the Duke
and Duchess of BRAGANZA declared Portugal an in-
dependent State, and a quarter of a century before
Spain itself acknowledged that conclusion; and the
importance of this ease was that it was the voice of
Europe, and not of one State, on the question of
precedent."

Lord RUSSELL, however, met all these precedents
with objection, disapproval, or explanation. His
lordship spoke at some length in reply to Lord
STRATIIEDEN, and maintained that it was the un-
questionable duty of the Government to preserve an
attitude of strict neutrality between the belligerents,
and wait until mutual exhaustion and the convic-
tion of the hopelessness of the struggle had
ended this miserable and fruitless war. "Depend
upon it," said the noble lord, " it will be far better
that the war should cease by the conviction of
bath North and South that they can never
again live happily as one community and one
republic, than that the termination of hostilities
should be brought about either by the advice, or
the mediation, or the interfererence of any Euro-
pean Power." With all respect to the wis-
dom of our Foreign Secretary, we consider
that this point has been reached long since
—that the conviction he speaks of has
been present to the minds of both parties for
many sad and weary months, The tyranny of
General BUTLER, the cruelties that produced cruel
reprisals, the bloodshed on both sides, the loss, the
imprisonment, the confiscation, and, above all, the
celebrated Emancipation Proclamation, which gave
the signal for murder and revolt throughout the
Southern States—these things will stand as barriers
between re-union and reconciliation, which neither
conquest nor conciliation can overcome. The ques-
tion, therefore, remains whether in preserving its
present attitude our Government is doing real service
to the Federal cause. The European Governments,
by persisting in the non-recognition of the Scuthern
Confederacy, encourage the North to prolong a
struggle which is evidently hopeless, but which
their pride will not suffer them to abandon without
a reason. There are, probably, many, even in the
Cabinet of lr. LINCOLN himself, who would be
glad of an excuse to commence negotiation, and
suspend for a time at least this exhausting and
ruinous war. As Lord STRATIIEDEN forcibly
asked, " How is re-conquest to be effected ? It
would require a General of the genius of

Nor is Mr. DICKINSON unknown to fame from
his long experience of India, and his unabated
efforts for its amelioration. He says that the most
urgent question of the day, considered either with
regard to the material and moral progress of
India, or the pressure of a cotton famine in Eng-
land, is the question of " Public Works," and he
proceeds to state the objections made to the
administration of Sir CHARLES WOOD in this
department of the Government. That opposition
to his system of Public Works is based on these

arguments :-
Ist. That it has not provided the country with
those works of internal improvement which it

most wants:
2d. That it gives no security for doing so in
the future.
3d. That it involves a frightful outlay of money,
and
4th. That it drains the resources of the people
unfairly and improvidently to supply its wasteful
expenditure.
Now, these are grave charges, and Mr. DICKIN-
SON proceeds to explain them, by saying that, in
the first place, the Government did not provide
the country with those improvements which it
most wants, because the fact was admitted by
the Government's suddenly changing from a
grudging to a lavish disbursement on such " Works
of internal improvement ;" Sir CHARLES WOOD
even instructing the local authorities to spend
three millions more on such works this financial
year out of the surplus balances than they had
contemplated spending, which, they replied,
they were unable to do, for want of the requisite
establishments.
Now this is a very grave charge against Sir
CHARLES WOOD'S competency for administering
the affairs of India. _He first starves the people,
and then suddenly overwhelms them with far more
than can do them any good, from the fact
of their utter inability to take advan-
tage of a benefit which, if administered in time,
would have been a boon and relieved their neces-
sities. Nor is the Secretary of State for India
alone in his manifest incapacity for conducting the
affairs of such a vastness of public concerns. His
precious Council are equally at fault with their chief
and either blindly submit to his orders or, if the)
dissent from his views, the public are none the wises
for any suggestions they may have made to hi
absolute dictatorship. Surely many of these gentle.
men, having spent a long time in the East, must
have been familiar with the necessities of the
natives, and ought to have pointed out to the Secre-
tary the error of his ways. Else why have consti-
tuted a public board of gentlemen, supposed, and
indeed presumed, from long residence and local
knowledge, to be conversant with the wants and
natural habits of the people, if they would not era
ploy such knowledge in the management of their
trust ? Sir CHARLES WOOD quarrelled with Mr
LAING for having proved his knowledge of India tc
be superior to his own, and accordingly dismisses
a most useful public servant, or made him resigl
from the harsh treatment he received at the hand;
of one to whom ho had rendered the greatest public
service, for which not only India, but England ale(
cannot be too grateful. Mr. LAING during his brie!
time in India restored public credit and effected an
eluilibrium of the finances by his wise and resolute
administration. This was too much for Sir CHARLES
WOOD, who had the temerity to assert in the House
of Commons that Mr. LAING'S figures were all
wrong ! The House half believed him in theil
0 ignorance, but have since repented of their acquies-

a CESAR, a CHARLEMAGNE, Or NAPOLEON,
and would such a man be likely to give up
his power to Mr. LINCOLN P" But even CESAR
and NAPOLEON required men and money to sup-
port:their genius ; they needed, too, the obedience
of a nation accustomed to a firm and united rule; not
the hesitating support of a people long accustomed
to dictate the policy of their administrators. In
Lord RUSSELL'S speech he endeavoured to show
that the fortunes of war were about fairly balanced,
since Louisiana and New Orleans were occupied by
Federal forces, and Federal fleets menaced Charles-
ton and Savannah. Does the noble lord seri-
ously consider the chances to be even equal ?
With regard to the formidable fleet menacing the
Confederate coasts, it does not seem at any rate to
be very impatient for the glory of reducing

Charleston. Its situation reminds us in some mea-
sure of the famous old story shout JAcm.'s triumph-
ant capture of a Tartar, which he could neither

leave nor bring away. A:renunciation of the
attempt would be a virtual defeat, which Federal
credit is in no cr)ndition to stand; an attack, in spite
of the loftiness ofNorthern pretensions,might produce
very awk ward results. Lord RUSSELL says that, look-
ing at the present state of affairs and our obligations
towards a great country with which we have long
maintained amicable relations, it would not be a
friendly act towards the United States if at
this moment of contest we were to in-
terfere and recognise the Southern States.
In other words, out of regard for the duties of
friendship our two friends are to fight to the death
unaided or unchecked. When the conflict has
been decided by that military and financial exhaus-
tion of the North which, in spite of their confident
assertions, must shortly settle the matter, we are
to step in and claim credit for our forbearance. It
the people of the North were to see that their pre-
tensions no longer deceived Europe, but that the
subjection of the South was considered hopeless, it
might induce them to cause. In the sufferings of
for this phantom
operatives we have paid a dear price
phantom of neutrality—a neutrality which
has brought us suchwarm acknowledgments from the
other side of the Atlantic, in the stopping of a British
mail steamer by the Federals, and the accusation of
wishing to see America ruined for our own ends by
the Confederates. There is one question which
WO should like our Foreign Secretary to put to
himself and to the Cabin_etasbaefor
Has before he
andagain free
no
o
dilates on our political duty.
nation, foremost among the European Powers, great

LATEST INTELLIGENCE
cence, for scarcely had they done so when Sir C.
WooD stultified their decision, by ordering the local •
Government to spend three millions extra out of
the Cash Balances on Public Work:. ? And this,
too, when he had made no preparation for the
mensety-Ln
ing or devising creased scale of expenditure by provid-
nEw niachinery to adapt the old to
th
ge of circumstances. He
n
:'ail
t the local authorities were
must
the new
h a
vaen d k
n completeow known
t hkt
already suffering from an insufficiency of engineers
and skilled labour to meet the demand, while the
Audit and Account Branch of the Public Works
Department was defective ! But it is all of a piece.
Sir CHARLES IV OOD is as positive as he is ignorant,
and India will never prosper as it ought while he
continues to misconduct its affairs. Indeed, so con-
fident was Lord PALMERSTON of the great good
Lord STANLEY had conferred on India during his
father's brief Government, that the Secretaryship
of State for India:was offered to Lord STANLEY by
Lord DERBY'S rival and successor in office—a fact
that does honour to the chivalry of Lord PALMER-
STON, while it redounds to the honour of the worthy
son of a worthy and patriotic:sire.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

AMERICA.

(Per City of New York.)

NEW YORK, MARcH 12 (Evening).

Reports have reached Memphis that an engage-
ment was progressing at Port Hudson, but this is
considered doubtful.
General Hooker has held a conference with the
Cabinet at Washington, and afterwards returned
to the army of the Potomac.
Expeditions from this army have visited all the
ferries on the Rappahannock, 80 miles below the
Federal lines, broken up numerous smuggling nests,
and captured a quantity of contraband stores.
It is again asserted that large numbers of Confe-
derate troops are being withdrawn from Frede-
ricksburg.

Two hundred Federals, with two pieces of artil-
lery, have been captured by the Confederates in
Tennessee. General Van Dorn has succeeded in
getting away to Shelleyville with the provisions he
lately captured.
No attack on Charleston had occurred up to the
Bth inst., but Gen. Hunter had issued preliminary
orders, showing that an attack would soon com-

Arrangements for the Funeral of Sir James
Outrain.

The mortal remains of the late Sir James Outram
were conveyed on Saturday last from the London
terminus of the South-Eastern station—whither the
coffin containing the body of the deceased general
had been transmitted from Pau, in France—to the
private residence, 10, Queen's Gate-gardens. In
accordance with the arrangements already made, the
funeral procession will start from Queen's Gate-
gardens at 11 o'clock to-morrow. The procession
will consist of a hearse containing the body of the
deceased officer, inclosed in an inner leaden shell,
the outer coffin being of oak covered with black
cloth, and ornamented with ormolu fittings. The
plate on this coffin bears the following inscription :
" Lieut.-General Sir James Outram, Bart., G.C.B.
Died 11th March, 18C3, aged 60 years." The rest
of the funeral cortege will consist of eight or ten
mourning coaches, provided specially for tho near
relatives and most intimate friends of the deceased.
The list of mourners comprise the names of many
veteran officers and military associates of the de-
ceased General, including Lord Clyde, Commander-
in-Chief of the Indian Army; General Sir George
Pollock, G.C.8., Sir John Lawrence, G.C.8., Lord
Keane, Sir 11. Havelock, Sir J. Lowe, C. 8., Colonel
Holland, Colonel Sykes, General Hancock, General
Malcolm, Sir G. B. Clerk, R.C.8., Sir H. Rawlin-
son, General Farquharson., Colonel Mowatt, Colonel
Whitelock, R. Mangles, Esq., W. J. Eastwick,
Esq., &c. The procession will reach Westminster
Abbey shortly before one o'clock, the time appointed
for the performance of the mournful ceremony. The
stone slab adjoining the burial-place of Wilberforce,
and near that of Lard Canning, was removed yester-
day, and the ground examined ; but on inspection
it was found that there was no room at this spot for
another interment. A further examination will
take place this day, when a suitable resting-place
for the remains of the gallant deceased will doubt-
less be selected. The applications for places to view
the funeral have been extremely numerous.

nience.

Three Federal Monitors have bombarded Fort
Macallister during 20 hours. They were struck
several times, but not injured. They could not get
near enough to the fort to dismantle it, on account
of the obstructions in the river. The attack will
not be renewed.

A Confederate lieutenant captured near Charles-
ton states that peace negotiations have been pro-
gressing at Richmond for three week,, but the
papers there are not allowed to allude to them.
The difficulties between General Hunter and the
officers of General Foster's command at Port Royal
are unsettled. The chief of General Foster's Staff
has been ordered North. Beforo leaving he issued a
farewell address, saying that truth was mighty and
would prevail.
It is again asserted that the Confederates have
several rams at Mobile preparing for attack on the
blockading squadron.
The reported appointment of General Butler as
Provost Marshal is denied.

The Government is said to be opposed to appoint-
ing military men as Provost Marshals under the
Conscription Act.
The Federal Government is advised of move-
ments by the Confederates for placing privateers on
the Pacific.
The wreck seen off Havana was not that of the
Florida as supposed.
The steamer Douro, with 400 bales of cotton from
Wilmington, has been captured off Cape Fear.

The British steamer Quean of the Wave has run
ashore at Charleston. Admiral Dupont was making
efforts to save her.

The steamer Peterhoff, from London for Mata-
moras, has been captured off St. Thomas, and sent
to Key West.

President Lincoln is expected to call for more
troops within 10 days.
A large meeting will be hold at New York next
Saturday to inaugurate the Union League.

NEW YORK, MARCH 14, Morning.
(Per CITY OF NEW YORK.)

Mr. Seymour, the Democratic candidate for the
Governorship of Connecticut, has made a speech in
which he said peace would restore the Union, but
war never would. The contest could only end in
despotism. The Union must be restored by force
of reason, not by force of arms.
Richmond despatches speak discouragingly of
the prospect of supplies of food, and says the im-
pressment of grain by the Government discourages
production.
Senator Sumner strongly urges the President not
to issue letters of marque.

(Per City of New York.)

NEW YORK, MARCH 13, Evening.

Despatches received from the Rappahannock as-
sert that the Confederates have armed and uni.
formed negroes doing picket duty on the Rappa-
hannock.

The Provost Marshal of Baltimore has forbidden
the sale of photographic portraits of distinguished
Confederates and of secession music, and has ordered
their seizure wherever found.

The Federal debt, up to March 1, 1863, is esti
mated at 868,000,000 dole. This estimate is con
sidered accurate.

The City of Baltimore, Australasian, Kangaroo,
and Anglo Saxon have arrived out. The City of
Baltimore experienced a terrific storm when four
days out. The first mate was lost overboard, and
the second mate severely injured. The steamer
Kedar sailed to-day for Liverpool with 275,000 in
specie.

NEW -YORK, MARCH 14, Morning.

A report has reached Memphis that a battle has
occurred o❑ the Yazoo river, in which the Federals
captured 7,000 Confederates and eight transports.
The New York press generally credit this report,
as it was known that the Federal gunboats were
prepand to ascend the Yazoo River.
Rumours are current in Cairo, but not generally
credited here, that the Confederates have captured
Forts henry and Donelson.
Large Confederate forces are said to be massed
in Tennessee. Ono to hold General Roscncranz in
check, while the others flank him, and enter Ken-
tucky, moving direct on Louisvitle and Cincinatti.
General Longstreet did not go to Tennessee as re-
ported, but has his head quarters at Petersburg,
Virgini9, and has 18,000 men below that city.
An early movement of the army of the Potomac
is again expected.

General Beauregard has revoked all furloughs,
and recalled all absentees to Charleston.

Col. Richardson with 400 guerillas has been cap-
tured by the Federals at Corington, Tennessee.

The Mobile papers state that the Confederates
have much trouble with the Union men in Northern
Alabama. One county is said to be fuli of them,
and deserters are joining them.

The Chicago Tribune says there are 500 clubs of
the Union League in the West, and the organisa-
tion is rapidly extending.
The Senate has confirmed the appointment of Mr.
Cassius M. Clay, es Minister to Russia. This con-
firmation was specially pressed by Mr. Seward and
the President.

The New York Times considers Mr. Clay's ap-
pointment as a blunder, and urges him not to
accept it.'

The Secretary of the Treasury has arrived at New
York. It is reported that he will endeavour to raise
a loan of 100,000,000 dole., i.e. 50,000,000 doll. on
20 years' bonds, and 50,000,000 in short bonds.

The bill to regulate transactions in gold has been
favourably reported in the New York Legislature.
Brigham Young has been arrested in Utah under
the Polygamy Act, He was released on giving
bonds to appear for trial.

Two Republican and one Democratic member

have been elected to Congress in New Hampshire.
No Governor has yet been chosen.

The Senate at Washington will adjourn to-day.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

NEW YORK, MARCH 13 (Evening).
Money easy. Gold, 591 per cent. premium.
Exchange on London, Bankers' Bills, 1771. Stocks
quiet. New York Centrals, 1171. Illinois, 92.
Erie, 771.

Cotton dull. Middling Upland, 851 e. Flour
steady. Wheat and corn improving. Provisions
dull. Coffee quiet. Sugar steady. Molasses
good inquiry.

THE POLISH INSURRECTION.
CRACOW, MARCH 23, Evening.
Since this morning there have been indecisive
engagements between the Russian troops and the
insurgents near Lazy, Micchow, and Igolomia.
The chiefs Wisocki, Bentkowski, Schmiechowski,
and Rochebrune are in the insurgent camp.
The Cossacks have stopped and plundered an
Austrian patrol, killing one of the soldiers.

ITALY.
RESIGNATION OF SIGNOR FARINI.
TURIN, MARCH 24.

Signor Farini has tendered his resignation, and
has left Turin for his country seat.
Signor Minghetti assumes the Presidency of the
Council, and retains the portfolio of Finance.
A report is current that the Minister of Marine
will be replaced by Signor Sella, the former
Minister.

Signor Pasolini is said to have again tendered

his resignation.

DENMARK.

COPENHAGEN, MARCH 24.

Fifty-five of the principal inhabitants of this city,
belonging to all classes of society, have invited the
inhabitants to a public meeting, to be held on Satur-
day next, at the Casino, in order to discuss the po-
litical affairs of the country, and to adopt resolu-
tions.

In the course of an hour after this invitation had
been published, the whole of the 2,200 seats in the
hall where the meeting is to be held were engaged.

BRESLAU, MARCH 24.

The Schlestsche Zeitung of to-day publishes a
telegram from Cracow, stating that Langiewiez is
not treated as a prisoner in the citadel of that town.