The Sun.
London, England, 1839-06-03 00:00:00

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.

OXFORD, MAY 30. A congregation was this day holden
for granting degrees, &c., when the following were con-
ferred :

DOCTOR or Divisirr—Rev. H. J. B. Nicholson, nig
dalen Hall.

MASTERS OF ARTS—AIex. Broadley, Wadham College;
G. W. Braikenridge, University College ; James Fuge,
Magdalen Hall; J. B. Phillips, All Souls College; Juhn
B. Errington, Worcester College ; George F. Drummond,
Christ Church ; Rev. Alex. Bridges, Oriel College; W.
F. Braund, Magdalen Hall ; Alex. Oswald, Christ Church ;
Meyrick Holme, Brasennose College ; Rev. Charles J.
Marsden, Lincoln College.
BACHELORS or ARTS—Robt. R. Eyton, Christ Church,
grand compounder; W. C. Moreland, Christ Church;
Henry E. Butler, Worcester College ; John Cox, Wor-
cester College ; W. R. Ogle, Trinity College ; James
Meyrick, Queen's College; John Hall, Brasennose Col-
lege ; L. A. Graham Clarke, Brasennose College ; John
Jones, Jesus College ; W. Allfree, Wadham College.
On Wednesday, June 5, at two o'clock, a convocation
will be holden for the election of a professor of logic.

MANCHESTER and BIRMINGHAM

EXTENSION RAILWAY BILL.

The Committee met on Friday at the usual hour.
The whole sitting was occupied in hearing the argu-
ments of Counsel, and in the deliberation of the Com-
mittee upon the question of the Grand Junction Railway
Company's right to appear as parties opposing the Bill.
The Committee in that case, as in the cases of the
Midland Counties, and the London and Birmingham
Railway Companies, decided against the assumed right.
This decision concludes the preliminary objections to
the various petitions presented against the Bill, and affirms
a principle which will go far to put an end to the enor-
mous obstructions thrown in the way of Companies pro-
posing to effect an important public object, by declarinz
that the recently-created Railway monopolists shall be
dealt with upon the same terms as the Turnpike Road
Trustees and Canal Proprietors were at the time
Railways were first projected. The pretence put forward
on behalf of the Companies thus excluded from the Corn-
mit,ee was, that the new line will take from them traffic of
which they assumed the possession before Parliament when
they severally applied for their Acts, and that therefore
they ought to be heard, with a view to prevent their being
deprived of such traffic. Nothing can be more untenable
than this proposition. Upon such a ground the Turnpike-
road and the Canal proprietors might have waged war
—in the first place against each other, and then jointly
against the Railways. But they were not allowed to do any
such thing. Indeed they were expressly told that they had
embarked in their several speculations at their own risk,
on the faith, it is true, of an Act of Parliament, but that
Act merely authorising the levying of certain tolls in re-
spect of such traffic as might come to them, and never
guaranteeing, or being intended to guarantee, that their
road or their canal must not give place to a better road or
a better canal, if such could be made; and to a better mode
of conveyance, if the improvements of the times should pre-
sent one. Upon the like tenure do Railway Companies
hold their privileges. Whilst their respective lines of
Railway are used, they have the sanction of the Legisla-
ture to the receipt of certain remunerating rates ; bat
their Railways must be competed with if better lines be
discovered, and the public interest require their adoption.
In the same way the population of the districts whose
traffic forms part of the rent-roll of the existing
Railways, if they deem a better communication than
that which is now afforded, essential to them, and
can prove a remunerating return for this, and are will-
ing to pay for the capital expended upon it, and have no
insuperable cases of objecting landowners, are fully en-
titled to have it, without being told by a Grand Junction
Railway Company, or a London and Birmingham Railway
Company, " Oh, you shall not have this line, you belong to
us, and we will do what we like with our own. It is quite
true that our lines are not so good as that which you pro-
pose ; but we, nevertheless, took it for granted, when we
were in Parliament in 1833, that your traffic would come
to us (intact, we swore that it would I), and we cannot
suffer you now to take it away." And yet this is the logic
which these Companies have been using before a Parlia-
mentary Committee, forgetting that, if it be good at all,
it is so to the full extent; and that, as the London Com-
pany included the traffic of Leeds, York, Hull, Leicester,
and various other places as passing upon their line for its
full length, the North Midland Company, and the Mid-
land Counties Company, were not entitled, without their
consent to an Act, to construct their Railways, and yet
they obtained their Acts without any opposition from the
London Company, that Company, in fact, supplying a
portion of Directors from their own Board.
We congratulate the public, because we have through-
out regarded the question upon its broad basis, and not
with a reference to conflicting Share interests, upon the
sound and judicious decision to which the Parliamentary
Committee have come; and we have no doubt that the
moral castigation which that decision administers to these
Railway Monarchs, will induce them to consider whether
they are not putting in peril most seriously the interests of
their Proprietors, by per3isting in un opposition which can
only recoil upon their min heads. Their efforts will sig-
nally fail ; but if they succeeded for a time, the effect
might be to induce a demand for a line still more exten-
sive than that now sought, and rendering the competition
general, which is now, if it exist at all, limited to a very
small proportion of the London line, We believe that a
terminus at Rugby will be satisfactory to the great town
of Manchester, both- for the present and the future,
unless this very reasonable demand should be resisted
so far as to entitle the public to say, " We would have pro-
tected you by receiving the traffic at Rugby and firmly
fixing it there; but you choose to decline to accede to
that suggestion; we are not bound by your share arrange-
ments, or your dividends and premiums, and we will there-
fore make a new line to connect our town and neighbour-
hood with London, without reference to you."

GERMAN and DUTCH PAPERS. N-

FRANKFORT, MAY 26.—1 t is observed, that largo pur-
chases have lately been made on our Exchange, at 4j- and
3.4 per cent. Dutch. We learn from good authority that
these purchases are made here, and at Amsterdam, by the
house of Rothschild, and by order of the Elector of Hesse
Cassel, who is considered to be one of the richest capitalists
in Europe : on the other hand, it is said, that this princely
financier is disposing of his 3i per cent. Austrian Me-
talliques. It seem to be expected, not without good
reason, that when the affairs of Holland and Belgium are
definitely settled (which will be very shortly), the
Dutch funds, the credit of which is high, on account
of the severe trial to which it has been put in the last
eight years, will rise to the prices at which they stood
before the unhappy year 1830. It is said that several
German Goverments have already intimated their willing-
ness to join that country in energetic measurers, to resist
the Court of Rome, if it should attempt to give effect to the
inconceivable doctrines lately brought forward relative to
the populace and the imperial authority.
P. S. The Austrian Observer says that the news of
hostilities between the Sultan and Mehemet Ali is of no
importance and that the Sultan had only caused the po-
sition of the latter to be reconnoitered. On the appearance
of the Egyptian troops the Turkish army is said to have
immediately rcrossed the Euphrates.
AMSTERDAM, MAY 27.—A1l that the French and Bel-
gian Papers say of the refusal of Austria and Prussia to
ratify the Treaty of the 19th of April is mere fiction, for
which there is not the slighest foundation.
THE HAGUE.-The Prince of Orange and his eldest
son arrived here ft om Tilburg.
The Duchess of Saxe Weimer with her children
has arrived from Nimeguen. The Princess of Orange and
others members of the Royal Family immediately visited
her Royal Highness, and testified the sorrow of all the
Royal family for the loss of the promising young Prince.
AMSTERDAM, MAY 30.—The ratification of the treaties
were sent to London the day before yesterday, by the Ba-
tavier, to be exchanged on Friday between the high con-
tracting parties. Letters that have been received here
direct from Pedang, say that the chief towns of the native
chief Samboesy had been taken by storm. The power of
this, the last of the hostile chiefs of the Padries, may be
considered as destroyed.
FRANKFORT, MAY 28.—The latest letters from St.
Petersburgh, say that the Emperor and Empress had been
obliged to quit the new Winter Palace, by a very laughable
and unexpected circumstance. This splendid edifice,
which is fitted up with the utmost magnificence, is filled
with countless swarms of noxious insects; the origin and
rapid propagation of which is ascribed to the palace having
been built in a hurry, while every thing was wet, and then
over-heated, that it might be occupied without delay.
FROM GALICIA, MAY 22.—" The account lately given
in your Berlin correspondence, that Mr. Von Haller, Pre-
sident of the Senate of Cracow, has been removed from
his post by the three protecting Powers, is not quite cor-
rect. He had tendered his resignation above a year ago,
and it has now been accepted. There being reason to pre-
sume that he was in some degree dependent on the revo•
lutionary party, his removal from the administration of the
Republic was very desirable. M. Van Haller is a very
rich man, to whom his lucrative post is of little conse-
quence. On the contrary, he has long since expressed his
wish to seturn to the rank of a mere senator, and has taken
means to obtain it, probably in order to defend his political
opinions.