The Sun.
London, England, 1839-09-18 00:00:00

A HINT FOR EMIGRANTS.

Mr. Forbes, in his recent work, points out the follow-
ing advantages which may be derived by emigration to
California :

" Taking every circumstance into account, perhaps
no country whatever can excel or hardly vie with Cali-
fornia in natural advantages. Its geographical situation
is such as one would point out, if he were desired to se-
lect the most favoured situation in the world. Its topo-
graphical relations are also most favourable ; it stretches
along the shores of the Pacific Ocean, without extending
much inland, and thereby enjoys all the manifold ad-
vantages of a maritime country. By its great extension
from north to south, settlers have also the option of se-
lecting a climate suited to their health or views. Other
countries there are, of course, which have the same rela-
tive situation on the globe, but I think it may safely be as-
serted that there is no other of the same extent which
possesses so many natural and local advantages. Some
countries, although they are placed in the same geogra-
phical relation, are sandy deserts cr inundated marshes ;
others are uninhabitable mountains, or impervious fo-
rests ; some are destitute of ports and rivers ; while
others are surrounded or possessed by savages, or
bordered by shoals and unapproachable shores. Cali-
fornia, on the contrary, enjoys natural and local advan-
gtacs equal to its geographical situation. Its soil is
of the most fertile description, capable of producing
the choicest fruits and grains in the greatest perfec-
tion and abundance : its coasts are bold and
free of danger, washed by the placid Pa-
cific Ocean, and possessed of ports of the first order.
It is also watered by abundant rivers ; and there is
nothing in the configuration of the surface of the coun-
try to forbid the eternal spring which its situation pro-
mises. There is found a temperature equally removed
from extreme heat or cold : and the range of hills
which bound the maritime portion of California to the
north-east shelter it from the only winds which might
be apprehended seriously to injure the fruits of its soil,
or to incommode its inhabitants.

" The situation of California for intercourse with
other countries, and its capacity for commerce—should
it ever be possessed by a numerous and industrious
population—is most favourable. Its western shores on
the Pacific possess capacious ports. The port of San
Francisco ior size and safety is hardly surpassed
by.. any in the world; it is so situated as
to •be made the centre of the commercial relations
which may take place between Asia and the
western coast of America. The route by which the
voyage from India, China, Manilla, and other Asiatic
countries is performed to the American coast, particu-
larly to that of Mexico, Guatemala, &c., obliges vessels
to pass very near the coast of California ; because, in
order to avoid the easterly trade winds, it is necessary to
stand to the northward to get into the variable and pre-
vailing westerly winds, just as vessels do when bound from
the West Indies to Europe. The vessels of the Spanish
Phillippine Company on passage fromManillata San Blas
and Acapulco generally call at Monterey for refresh-
ments and orders. Thus it appears as if California was
designed by nature to be the medium of connecting,
commercially, Asia with America, and as the depot
of the trade between those two vast continents, which
possess the elements of unbounded commercial inter-
change ; the one overflowing with all the rich and
luxurious commodities, always characteristic of the
East, the other possessing a superabundance of the
precious metals and other valuable productions to give
in exchange."

SUNSET IN EGYPT.—Poets and travellers speak
with enthusiasm of the sunsets of Italy, Switzerland, and
Greece. I have seen the sun go down in each of those
countries, but never with half the splendour which on this
day accompanied his disappearance; and could I succeed in
reflecting upon the reader's imagination half the grandeur of
this gorgeous show, he would unquestionably concur with me
in thinking, that, but for its evanescent nature, it was far
more worth a voyage to Egypt even than the pyramids. No
sooner had the sun's disk disappeared behind the Libyan
desert, than the whole western sky along the edge of the'
horizon assumed a colour which, for want of a better term,
I shall call golden ; but it was a mingling of orange,
saffron, straw-colour, dashed with red. A little higher,
these bold tints melted into a singular kind of green, like
that of a spring leaf prematurely faded ; over this, ex •
tended an arch of palish light, like that of an aurora bo-
realis, conducting the eye to a flush of deep violet colour,
which formed the ground-work of the sky, on to the
very skirts of darkness. Through all these semicircles of
different hues, super-imposed upon each other, there as-
Icended, as from a furnace, vast pyramidal irradiations of'
crimson light, most distinctly divided from each other,
and terminating in a point ; and the contrast between these
blood-red flashes and the various strata of colours which
they traversed, was so extraordinary, that, I am persuaded,
no combination of light and shade ever produced a more
wonderful or glorious effect.—St. John's Egypt.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE
FOR AFFORDING PROTECTION TO THE
HOUSELESS POOR.

The Committee appointed to manage a subscription
for the purpose of affording nightly shelter to the
houseless, and temporary relief to the destitute, have
agreed to the following Report for the years 1835,
1836, 1837, and 1838-9 :
"four Committee beg to lay before the subscribers
a statement of the operations, which, under the
blessing of God, they have been able to afford for the
last tour winter seasons--viz., 1835, 1836, 1837, and
1838-9.

" During the first of these seasons the central asylum
was open from the 21st of December, 1835, to the 18th
of April, 1836, in the course of which 2,721 indivi-
duals were admitted, and had the protection of 24,352
nightly lodgings, and the support of 63,893 rations of
breed.

"'The new system of Poor-laws which had thus come
into recent operation seemed to have contributed much
to the increase of pauperism in the streets, and the
very impaired state of health in which numbers were
received into asylums rendered it imperative on the
Sub-Committee to engage a medical attendant, who, by
examining all the applicants at the evening admissions into
the asylum, might assist the number of the Committee
present in ascertaining what cases were ineligible on
account of sickness ; many were consequently sent to
St. Bartholomew's, the Fever, and the Royal Free
Hospitals, and received there the relief provided under
the regulations of those several establishments.
" A statement of the financial situation of the
Society for the year, balanced to the 30th of Decem-
ber, 1836, is subjoined, together with a list of sub-
scribers.

" During the second period referred to, the Central
Asylum was open from the 26th of December, 1836,
to the Ist of May, 1837, the very large number of
5,721 inmates were admitted, and were greatly benefited
by the food and shelter afforded by the Institution : in
this season 99,806 rations of bread were distributed to
the inmates, and an aggregate of 42,136 nightly lodg-
ings were afforded.
" The services of a regular medical attendant were
again found necessary, and with the further assistance
of Mr. Bowie (one of the members of the Committee)
no unfavourable consequences ensued. ' ~••

" The liberal support given by the public on that oc-
casion will be seen by a reference to the lists of sub-
scribers, and the animal stave of the finances shows
the general situation of the Institution up to the 30th of
September, 1837.
" Your Committee ❑ow come to the third pe-
riod upon which they have to report, a period more
painful and trying than any preceeding one to those
intrusted in relieving distress.
" It will be in the recollection of many that the
weather was unusually mild until the close of 1837 ;
but the haunts of pauperism were already visited with
a low .and dangerous fever, and in this condition of the
metropolis the frost set in with an intensity that had not
been experienced for many years.
" The Central Asylum, which was opened on the 9th
January, 1838, and closed on the 2d of April, received
under its roof during this season in all 4,905 individuals,
to whom were afforded 31,923 nights' lodgings, and who
received 81,226 rations of bread. The most vigilant
attention was required on the part of the medical
attendant (assisted by the two medical gentlemen of the
Committee, Dr. Conquest and Mr. Bowie, who gave
much valuable advice and assistance in their depart-
ment), in guarding against the spreading of the epidemic
then so prevalent.
" As the numbers were greatly increasing, it became
requisite to open another Asylum ; and premises were,
after some difficulty, obtained in Smith-square, West-
minster, which were opened on the 22d of February,
and closed on the Ist of April, a period of only tix
weeks, during which time 962 individuals were admitted,
5,443 nights' lodgings given, and 14,521 rations of
bread distributed ; making a total admitted into the two
asylums this season of 5,867, to whom 37,366 nights'
lodgings were afforded, and 95,747 rations of bread
distributed.

" From the two asylums 90 sick per Ans were sent to
the following hospitals, viz. :-
14 to St. Bartholomew's, where 4 died.
13 to the Fever Hospital, where 3 died.
63 to the Royal Free do., where 13 died.
But the hospitals themselves having become over-
crowded no more admissions could be obtained, and
some sick were of necessity allowed to remain on the
premises, although this was.at variance with one of the
fundamental rules intended to guard against the Asylum
being made an hospital.
" Your Committee had to lament the loss of three of
their servants, the sub-matron and two assistants, who
were all victims to the epidemic ; and at the close of the
season they felt it an imperative duty to consider the
privation their families had sustained in the distribution
of gratuities to their servants and officers.
" Religious service was performed twice on Sundays,
for the most part by the Riv. Dr. Vale, who has for
several years been engaged to do the duty at the Asylum
with so much satisfaction, and frequently assisted, gra-
tuitously in the evening, by the Rev. T. W. Wrench, a
member of your Committee.
• The financial statement and a list of subscribers arc
subjoined by which it will be seen how sensible the public
were that this very severe season called for more than
usual liberality.
" The fourth and last period is that relating to the
winter season last concluded, during which the Asylum
in Playhouse-yard was open from the 30th January to
the Ist of April. The total number of inmates received
was 2,993, that of nightly lodging afforded 11,955, and
rations of bread distributed 36,254.
" Your Committee consider that the number of admis-
sions has been kept down to a lower standard than upon
previous occasions, partly from the weather not having
been pirticularly s=evere, partly from the greater attention
your Committee have given to the investigation of casesby
persons specially appointed for that purpose, and your
Committee are of opinion that great good would result
therefrom, were it possible to have every case thoroughly
investigated. _

" The financial statement up to the •?4th of May
shows the amount of expenditure during the last sea-
son, and the amount of funds held for the purposes of
this charity.

C. W. HICK,
4. JAMES CAZENOVE,
4. WILLIAM EDWARDS."

We shall on a future day give a brief statement of
the receipts, expenditure, and assets of the Society for.
Relieving the Houseless Poor. The stock in the funds
is very considerable.

The Portafoglio Maltese of the 2d inst. states
that the city of Messina, in Sicily, has been visited by
shocks of earthquakes on the 27th, 28th, 29th, and 31st
ult. During the night of the 28th five shocks, three of
which were rather strong, and accompanied by a loud
noise, were felt in the course of three hours. The whole
population remained out of doors during two successive
nights, and many even sought refuge in the neighbouring
plain.
The Autumnal quarter commences on Monday
next, after a summer of very variable weather, in which
there was a deficiency of seasonable heat, and much more
than the usual quantity of rain.
EXTRAORDINARY DRAUGHT OF FISH.—
On the morning of the 27th ult., a most extraordinary take
of pilchards was drawn ashore by a net on the strand at
Fethard, county Waterford. It is no exaggeration to say
that there were about 200,000 • they were sold at 6d. for
every five hundred. —Belfast News-Idle;.
On the 10th of September Mr. Jos. Bowman,
the master of a ship in the River, left his vessel and went
ashore to transact some business, and has not been heard of
since. He had in his possession 96 sovereigns. Mr. Bow.
man is de.cribed as 28 years of age, five feet eight inches
high, slender made, dark complexion, and a ring formed of
Indian ink on one finger.
INSTRUCTION AND AMUSEMENT OF THE
WORKING CLASSES.—TWO respectable gentlemen con-
nected with a Society under the patronage of Lord
Brougham, stated to the Magistrate at Worship-street
yesterday, that they were forming in different parts of the
town, places for the instruction and amusement of the
Working Classes, at a low charge of 2d. per week, so as
to fall within the means of the humble mechanic, who
would there find reading-rooms, coffee-rooms, lectures,
with musical and other recreations calculated to draw
them away from the contaminating effects of public-
houses and places of low amusement ; they stated that
they intended to establish one of those institutions in Pro-
vidence-row, and wished to know whether they could give
musical entertainments without a licence. Mr. Grove
said that their object was a praiseworthy one, but thought
they could not introduce music without a licence, and
there:ore would recommend them to apply to the Magi-
a:rates at the Sessions.
the French in
SPRING
Ireland took place in 1798, there happened to live the
town vasioinn
hoef
session o f,
bDingle e mini he
aonnse sot
rcnotuhpelre,, wfh
eb
aaidt
hcoammeo intontn pot.
5an01.11.
h-
bTeihnegsefilramrglye feuonndvsintheeeyd bad
tcarefullye
aoblyf
otthhh
jeeenieri
timno
fog
notelhdye
possession ,
French invasion was to gain -ssegsn
of the enemy on the
they no sooner heard of the
landing
.
lodge cost, than they
security. took coil3nasnkels,tog;eutbhleicr
fhuOnwdst, nhaeyd
should
sne
dliakyes itnovetshtme
respectable
tehyat in
nust the
ehe
ents'were utterly unknown in those
people of Dingle. "Pat,"ppolatcaeto
says 3
place,
‘s'aildlidepatt,he„
aminotn
a
now, that
„180
that the French would go to to find it?"
laohn
then, go out in the dark, and dig a hole in the bog." "In
the dark ?" exclaimed Pat ; " whv, that's just the time when
the thieves might be at my elbow, and I see nothing of
them at all 1" What was to be done? " I've got it," said
Pat ; " there is an old tomb of the Rices in the cathedral,
where the wall is so broken you can see the coffins. I'll
just open one of the coffin lids, and drop the money there.
Thou it will be quite safe, and sure no one will steal it."
So thought the couple of Dingle when they went to bed
that evening—but Mrs. Molony suddenly remembered some
matter in the night-season that quite changed her opinion
of this security. " Pat !" she exclaimed, as she seized her
mate by the arm nith a grasp tkat roused him at once from
his slumber—" go out and get the money again—it aint
safe at all in the coffin—dead or alive, there is no trusting
a Rice !"—Gateshead Observer.

EVENING EDITION.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.

(TUESDAY EVENING.)
TIMES.—By the advices from Hamburgh of the
10th inst., the price of gold is 4301 per mark, which
at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 10.4 d. the ounce
for standard gold, gives an exchange of 13 7,41. and the
exchange at Hamburg on London at short being 13.51,
it follows that gold is 1. 07 per cent. dearer at Ham-
burg than in London.
The premium on gold at Paris is 81 per mille, which.
at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 100. per ounce for
standard gold, gives an exchange of 25. 364, and the
exchange at Paris on London at short being 9.5. 30, it
follows that gold is 0.9.6 per cent. dearer at Paris than
in London.

The course of exchange at New York on London
is 1084 per cent., and the par of exchange between
England and America being 109 9.3-40ths per cent'
,
it follows that the exchange is 1.07 per cent. against
England.
By the usual official return, published by the Cus-
toms, the exportation of the precious metals from the
port of London to foreign and colonial ports, for the
week ending September 14, is as under :
Ounces.
Silver coin to Hamburg . 2,000
Silver coin to Gibralter
Gold coin to Hamburg
Geld bars :o Hamburg
A considerable degree of pressure for money has been
exrerienced to- 'a at the S :sock Exchange, and as much
as 7 per cent. has, been submitted to for loan accommo-
dation on Exchequer bills. The distrust occasioned by
the protest of the bills of the United States Bank in
France, together with the unfavourable state of the
weather for the operations of the harvest, have no doubt
contributed to render the moneyed interests more cau-
tious in the employment of their surplus capital, but
there can be no question also that the reckless specula-
tions now and of late carrying on in Spanish and the
foreign securities have not been viewed without uneasi-
ness and a resolution in high quarters to interpose a
check upon them. The English Funds were affected by
this state of things, and depressed in prices.

CHRONICLE.—Nothing ftmther,„ of s.nurse, trans.
. pired to-day reference to Aiiti:;,affadirf.Wssrs. Hot-
,.t.aaitior and Co., and the tall"-gfiltilretnited States ;
but the particulars trill, in all probability, be made
known te-morrow, which will put an end to all doubts
upon the subject.

An uneasy feeling was apparent to-day in the Eng-
lish Stock Market, and a decline of O per cent. took
place in Consols, which was occasioned chiefly by the
gloomy stave of the weather, and the quantity of rain
which has fallen curing the last few days, fears being
entertained respecting the completion of the harvest,
especially in the north, where it has been more than
usually delayed. The Money Market has also been
affected in the same manner, and the comparative ease
which, until yesterday, has been experienced lately was
totally changed, and a disagreeable tightness was ap-
parent throughout the whole of the day ; but this state
of things has been partly brought on by the wild specu-
lations which have been carried on in the Foreign
Market, and the settlement of the account, which took
place yesterday.
POST.—Every tVnghas teen dull to-day in this part
of the metropolis. Money was less plentiful than it has
been, and the state of the weather is such as to have
excited an apprehension in the mincls of many that the
harvest may once more fall considerably short of the
quantity necessary for the consumption of the kingdom.
The news received yesterday from Havre and Paris re-
specting the protested drafts of the United States Back
had also still a depressing influence, though no fresh
circumstance connected with that business has trans-
pired. Consols have declined little short of per cent.
on yesterday's closing quotations. They left off this
evening a 90'; to -O Moaey, and 90',- to 1 for Account.
Exchequer bills were done at Is. to 3s. prem.
The intelligence of Don Carlos having crossed the
frontier into France produced some fresh speculation in
Spanish Bonds this morning, and there was, in conse-
quence, an advance of 1,1- per cent. on the opening
price. This, however, was not maintained to the close
of business. The holders seem disposed to come more
freely to market, in order to realise at the current rates.
Tae price last quoted for the Actives was 324 to
Time and Money. Five per cent. Portuguese were
marked 36 to ?it ; Colombian, 831 to 4 ; Mexican,
"81• to 9 ; and Five per Cent. Dutch, 104 to.
The exchaerges on the Continent are flatter than they
were last week. The intervention of a Hebrew,holiday
may have had it; influence on the bill market, the quan-
tity of paper offering being less than it would otherwise
have been ; but the depression is to be ascribed, we
fear, in a much greater degree to the unpleasant augu-
ries indulged in respecting the harvest. Paris (three
months' bills) 25f. 60e. to tide., Hamburg 13 101 to
Amsterdam 12 CI to I, Frankfort 150;3 to and Ant-
werp 12 An influential house (that of Baring
Brothers and Co.) came into the market with bills late
in the day, or some further reduction in the rates
would, it was thought, have occurred.