The Sun.
London, England, 1806-02-28 00:00:00

ENT. .iSr:(4-7:1,4', OF E o.l'g.

THE DANGERS AND ADVANTAGES OF THE P4ESENT
STATE OF EUROPE, 'IMPARTIALLY CONSIDERED :
BY FRED. GENTZ, KNIGHT OF THE. ORDER OF THE
SOLAR STAR, &C. &C. . .
. .

(Continued from our Paper @Ayes44.day.)

A new order of things speedily began to unfold
itself. England became cloSely(conneefed.with Rus7-
sia, by a treaty founded much less upon the particu-
lar interest of either Power, than on.the pure prin-
ciples, the nobler proje& of a general, equilibrium,
a general conservation and prosperity. Through the
medium of this treaty, England also linked her Self
in a,community of with- Austria, who .had
acceded to the treaty) and we should have seen her
likewise united with Prussia, hadnot thefatal events
of the month of December blasted
.for the moment
our fairest hopes, The Emperor of Russia was long
before convinced, that the condua of the French
Government, that the- monstrous preponderance it
had acquired, that the efforts it was incessantly
.'e'xerting to increase that preponderance, to the utter
extinction of every other Power, were the sole cause
and source of all the disturbances: and of all the suf-
ferings of Europe. , He. therefore conceived the
_magnanimous design Of first eniploying his interven-
tion, and next the greater part of his forces, in sup-
port of the common interest of the different Powers,
mid of seeking- greatness and glory not in unavail-
. ..ing conquests, .but in. the - confirmation •of social
order, and the gratitude of his cotetnporaries.
AuStria longer finding herself ahine, and de-
serted on all ""sides, emerged from her profbutid
lethargy concerted with Russia, and. through Rus-
sia w ith- Euglzuld, the means of producing an essen-
. -fiat change in the' affairs , oflicurop e =lt'ddisplayed
for some months a resOlution vigorously announced,
and energetically fbiloWed. up by, the most respea-
able mea4tres. PEnssill herself "cit is rio longer pos-
sible- to shut our eyes to that 'fatl, in spite of the fatal
thiS-girm&confederacy); e-'etisPrussia hid
abjured her distressing 'neutrality, and' was most
-cordially preparing to co-operate with the efforts of
theConfQderate Courts. It already bespoke a
lution, but little -expected in his p(ilitical system, to..
see the King of prussia induced to Offer up the most
• ardent vows for the success of their arms and Their
views;_ but what indisputably •proved the secret
change which- had taken -place in his mode of think'-.
ing and feeling, and carried him much further, was
. the e-,trume tscility with which the Emperor of
Russia had prevailed upon him to embark in the
• commonenterpriie by a moSt soleMn treaty. By a
strange concurrence of fatal circumstances, seconded
perhaps by the perfidy of the instruments. that. were
employed in the execution of the diplomatic part of
the treaty,. this engagement proVeti, abortive. It is.
not to be wondered at, if the Public, who are always
upon such matters, .or if some persons
who know better, but who listen only to their. Ma-
• . lice and their resentment, endeavour at present to
excite suspicions respeCting the reality or theasin-
cerity of that memorable negotiation. It is, how-
ever, a thing beyond the•reach °fall doubt—a fa& _
that can never be rescued from the page of historp--
. that if the Confederate Armies could but have made
head to Bonaparte until the 20th of December, War
would have been declared by Prussia against France,
and an army of 100,000 men would have advanced
into Bohemia, while another of equal forCe would
have marched from the Ma-,711 to the Danube. Every
. tbirtg had,:therefore, been alysolutely changed around
us ; and to ustate of things in which a complete dis-
union of the greater Powers, in which, desertion or
apathy on the part olsome, false policy and suspi-
cious designs on the part of others, were hurrying us
on with giant strides towards the. last extreme ,of
servitude and nothingness, we saw succeed air un-

expeeled concert that :would have extricated us, for
a length of time, .froth our embarrassments, our tri7
,•bulations, and our fears, had not some leading de-
leas in its primitive composition, and the .over-
whelming disasters which marked its outset, •struck
'it with itwotence at the very moment we imagined
- we were about to'gnjoy the rewinds of such glorious
.achievements. • •
. - When I assert that the advantages of our present
situation preponderate, and powerially-preponderate
over the real losses -.we have sustained, I make ' the

assertion in the convietion, _that this happy concert
- still exists, and in the supposition that it• will conti-
nue to-exist

And indeed it appears to me a thing so difficult to
presume, that with the experience they have now
before,them, those -Powers who ._had composed the
Confederacy will plunge headlong • again into - their
fortner-errors, and into a degree of'infatuation now
a • thousand times more inconceivable than ever it
was before, that one is in a manner coMpelled to-
believe, that' they-will remain. united. One
,may
- venture a step farther,• and boldly assert, that at the
. crisis in which we are now placed; those Powers are.
no longer at liberty to run counter to their interests,
. and that the Confederacy Must continue to exist;
from the nature and force of things, if it ceases to
be supported by the'Avill- and wisdom of men. If
we refiea upon- the-position. of each of the four
'Pusvers, Whose urrltcd efforts should stop the pro-
, press of the univefkrl deluge that is coming upon us,
. we must soon perceive, that notwithstanding some
occasional anomalies iu their movements, their po-
litiCal system is'from this, =pleat irresistibly linked
with the supreme necessity. of an .indissoluble co-
hesion. • .

England is,; too, deeply interested in the assertion

'of the Independence, and in the maintenance of'the
equilibrium of the Continent, to allow calamities of
any size to indnce her to abandon it to its fate; and
when it is recolleded that one of the first ads of
• Mr. Pitt's present Administration was to renew the
former conSexion of England with Russia, and that
he thereby (I dOnot mean to say that he founded
the Coalition, the Coalition - bad absolutely fi)Unded
itself) proved at least that he acknowledged the ne,
cessity of it ; ,and therefore it is most likely, he will
omit nothing that can tend to re-animate and up-
hold it.

Austria, thoroughly convinced as she was of the
impossibility of existing under the conditions of the
'Treaty of Luneville, will not be deceived,respeaing
those which the Treaty of Vresburgh woulld impose;
if' indeed die could look for a moment ujkiu that

i*' S.

Treaty is 'dm, basis of a lasting sliperstiiiaere. The
closest union, the most perfeet understanding with
her Allies, is "no longer for Austria a: mere matter
of choice, but a reqnisite of the first necessity. She-
must either anxiously cultivate that understanding,
or perish without delay.—Such, is _the only alterna-
tive now 'left her.
The Emperor of Russia Will continue to cherish
the principles he has hitherto professed, not only,
from the impulse of the same motives which sug-
gested the adoption of them, but moreover from the
high interest he must feel in the honour of his
Crown and- the glory of his Reign. He has enter-
ed into an engagement with Europe—a free one, I
confess, but still not the less sacred: His first essay,
has not been SuccesSful. Surely we are not then to
suppose that he would desert a cause which the very
reverses attending it must have constituted his- own !
And as for Prussia, her situation is at this moment
:so critical, that feeble or faithless councils would in
vain attempt to bring her back to that anti-social,
'systeinwhich she has too long pursued—Bonaparte
would even' take upon himself the task of admonish-
ing het, that she can no longer return to the point
• from which she started. He can never forgive the
steps she has taken, the engagements she has sign-.
ecl, the uneasiness she has caused him for three
whole months No ; the confidence with which
she once had inspired him is vanished for ever; and
for the future, unless Prussia be resolved to await
with the most inexpugnable resignation, the mo-
ment when she must one be attacked by the whole
united force of France and of her satraps, she can no
longer cease to regard the interests of Austria as her,
own, and to feel that the amity of England and. of
Russia forms the corner-stone of her political sys,.
tem.
In the eyes of him-whose-mind can trace effeas
to their Causes, the misfortunes, which this first
- Coalition has experienced (tbr those which preceded
• it.do not deserve that name) are whoh7 the result
• of our long disunion, of our long inertness, of our
long infatuation and stupidity, by which we had so
di4raeted the objea, and palsied the energy of -our
foi`c,les, that when -we were desirous to as in-concert,
; nothing was to be-found in.its place, and the Com-
-1.4-non Enemy prevailed, very. where over . us by the
. ,
promptitude ofliis measures. Let us avail ourselves
—Of these lessons, inculcated by hard experience ;
let us retrieve our-losses ; let us repair our resources;
let us re-animate our drooping spirits ; and instead
.of again bewildering ourselves in the calamitods ca-
reer in which-we have already dissipated so consi-
' detable a-portion of every thing that was dear to us,- ,
let us endeavour to secure what remains, by clinging
to our sheet-anchor, our-last plank, a serious, a faith-
lid, an indissoluble union ! Should that union stir-,
vive the shipwreck we have suffered, we have gain:-
ed more than we have lost ; and in spite of every •
sinister svmptOm, the general situation. of Europe
is, .vitliont comparison less. dispiriting than it has
been since the. year 1800, and perhaps even during
the whole course of the weirs produced by the Re-
volution: • .•
But if after these recent reverses, and the new
I adyantages 'which the Enemy has unquestionably
derived from them, we return again to our old sys-
• tern of insulation and indolence : if Russia with-
, draws from 'the great cause in which she had em-
barked ; if a close alliance between Austria and
Prussia, the chief requisite qf all the common ne-
cessities, the indispensible condition, 'without the
accomplishment of which it were useless farther to
attempt_any thing for the salvation of Europe, be
.not immediately established upon a basis large and
lasting: if England should shift herself out from the
Continent ; or if the Continent, again delivered up
to the instigations of France and to the credulity and
ignorance of those who administer its affairs, con-'
tildes to look on the prosperity of England, not as a
source of its own happiness, and sure pledge of inde-
pendence, but as hostile to its interests and incompati-
ble with its welfare : In a word, if the losses we
have sustained press upon us with their accumulated
weight; and if the advantages held out by our pre-
" sent situation, vanish like adream,--then indeed we
must perish. And Omnipotence itself will not rescue
us from the fate we have incurred.
Far be from- us at a moment of such awful con-
sideration, every thing that can wear the 'face of
mutual charges orrecriminations, than which nothing
'can be more disgraceful. History will assert bet
-fights: It will be her province to unveil the pro-,_
gress of things ; and she will allot to each actor his
share of responsibility-in the tragedy at which we are
assisting. But all the errorts we now 'exert to-scru-
tinize into the past, can only plunge t into mutual
ditrnsts and animosities, without opening any one.
source from-which we can expect to 'derive-any satii-
laCtion or instruaion. As to "myself, placed.in very
particular situations, which have afforded nie an op-
pertunity of seeing more clearly than any Of any.
contemporaries, into the secret movements .of the
din rent political:springs, J here make this declara-
tion, as unprompted by. vanity as it, is unchecked by-.
any sort, of condescension that lias' -hitherto
been written respeeting the war just-Closed, so soon,
and perhaps before-it had really commenced, and all
that I have -read in the best-informed 'English Jour,
nals (without exception),-has not even
-skink the
surface of truth, and to me is an irreffagible proof that
the true causes of our disasters are ors het"a~.iknouit.
Of what avail then'wOuld it be tO indulge in-Mutuar
reproaches that can' in noway pronitjtp of g.4matoll.
interestb: ? Let us rally,•andre-unite:tegetkr, that
•we may acqUire an' ascendant over future Ozents.—
Such is the task Wehave to undertake' ;
..A; great and •
awful task ;' a task Such as: callsfor..the exertion: of
all the faculties we retain,, and in pursuance of the,
advice of the only political-Writer of OurtinieS whose .
conceptions embraced the past, the present, and the
future : "Let us-look -our for the means' Of our:.
safety, and if we do not find them around. w, let
us unremittinglyendeaVour to .male" them."

•
-By a statement laid before the House of Assembly,
Jamaica, in the middle. of December, it appears that
the expeuces of Martial -Law in the montbs of April,
May, and June preceding, as far. as•thcr could be
ascertained to the. 1.1 th inst. amounted to 22.8,9251.
sd. besides some demands which had 'not then
been investigated : out of this sum • the Receiver-
General gave credit for deduCtions 'on._acctint of
sales of public stores to the amount of 0.,4:i71.0i. Bd,

V4CCIA-ATION.

✓ T'

VIE .FOLiCAVING' RtP6ltr OF THE MEDI.CAT., CSIUN-
" CAL, 9,N-THE- SUBJECT -OF VACCINE . INOCULA-

HAS BEEN LAID BEFORE THE BOARD OF
DIRECTORS .OF THE ROYAL JENNERIAN SOCIETY.

The Medical Council of the Royal Jennerian o-
ciety having, been .informed that various cases had-
occurred which excited prejudices against Vaccine
Inoculation, and tended to check the progrep. of
thatiimportant.discovery in this Kingdom, appointed
a Committee of twenty-five of their Members to in-
quire, not only into the nature and truth of such
cases, but also into the. evidence respeeling instances..
of Small-pox alledged to have occurred twice in the
same person. . _ _

In consequence of this reference, the Com-
mittee made diligent inquiry into the _history of a
number of cases, in .which it was supposed that Vac-
cination had failed to prevent the Sthall-pox, and'
also of such cases of Small-pox as were stated to
have happened Subsequently to the natural or in-
oculated. Small7pox.
In the course of their examinatio4 the, Committee
learned; that opinions and assertions, had been ad-
vanced and-circulated, which charged the Cow-pox
with rendering patients liable to partieblardiseases,
frightful in their appeaeance, andhithertoMiknown;
and judging such opinions to be connected. with the
question as to the etlicaCy of the pradice, -they
thought. it. incumbent upon. them to examine also
intothe validity of these injurious statements resped-
ing Vaccination. .
After -a very minute investigation of these sub-
jeEts, the result of their inquiries has been submitted
to the Medical Council and from the Report of the
Committee it appears : ,

I. That must of the cases which have been.
brought forward as. instances of the failure:of-Vac-
cination to prevent the Small-pox, and which have
been the subject of public attention and Con-
versation, are either wholly unfounded, or grossly
Misrepresented.
IL That some of the cases are now allowed, by
the very persons who first related them, to have.
been erroneously stated.
111. That the statement of such of those cases as.
are published;'have,- for the most part, been care-
fully investigated, ably discussed; and fully refuted,
by different writers on the subjea.
. IV. That nots.vithstanding the most incontestible
proofs of 'such. misr4teserifationa few medical
men Wye persisted in rep,Otedly britiging the same:
unfounded and refuted- reports . and Misrepresenta,
ticions i)efore the Public, thus p‘r.lversely and dis-
ingenuously' labouring to' excite .prejudices -apinst
Vaccination. • . .

V. That in some printed acconnt&of adyerseArac-
einatioU, in which the writers had 'no authenticated
faas to support the opinions they:advanced, nor
any reasonablcarguments,to maintain them, the sub--
'•jea has been treated with indecent lind,disgustinql
levity ; as if the good or evil of s6clety were tit bb!:
je64s for sarcasm and ridicule.
VI. That when the pratice of Vaccjnation W•as-
first introduced and recommended..by Dr. Jenner,
many persons, who had never seen the efte&s of the
vaccine fluid on the human system, • who were, al-
most wholly unacquainted with the history of Vac-
eina..ioir, the characteristic marks of the genuine
vesicle, and the cautions necessary to be observed in
the management of it, and were therefore incompe-
tent to decide whether patients were properly vac-
cinated 'or not, nevertheless ventured to _ inoculate
for the. Cow-pox.
VII. That many persons have been declared duly
vaccinated, when the operatien Was performed iii a
very negligent and unskilful manner, and when the.
inoculator did not afterwards see the patients, and
therefore could not ascertain whether infection had
taken plqce or not ; and that to this cause are cer-
tainly to be attributed many of the cases adduced in
proof of the inefficacy of Cow-pox.
VIII: That some /Cases have been brought, before
the Committee, on which they could form no de-
cisive opinion, from the want of -necessary inforrna- •
tion as to the .regularity of the preceding VaCcina-
tion, or the reality of the subsequent appearance of
• the Small-pox. • -
IX.. That it is admitted, by the Committee, that
a few cases have been brought before them; of per-
sons halting the. Small-pox who had apparently
passed through the Cow-poX in a regular way. • •
..X. That: cases, supported by evidence equally
strong,-
,have been also brought before them, of per-
sons who, after having once regularly passed through
the Small-pox, either by inoculation or natural in-
. featon, have had that disease a second time.
XI, That in many cases-', in.which the Small-pox
fias occurred a second time, after inoculation or the
'natural disease,' such recurrence has been particu-
ilarly severe,- and often fatal ; whereas, when it has
appeared to occur after Vaccination, the disease. has
generally
_been so mild, as tolose some of its Cha- •
ratleristie marks, and even sometimes to render its
existence.doubtful.

XII. That it is a faa well ascertained, that, in
sotne particular states of certain constitutions, whe-
ther vaccine or variolous matter be employed, a local
disease only will be excited by Inoculation, the con-.
sti/ution remaining unatleCted yet that matter-
, taken from such local Vaccine or variolous 'pustule-
i of producing a general and perfett dis-

XIII. That if a person, bearing the strongest and
most indubitable marks of having had the Small,:
pox, be repeatedly inoculated for that disease, a pus-
May be produced, the matter of which will
communicate the di4ease to those who have not been
previously infeeted.
....XIV. That, although it is difficult to determine
'preeiiely the number of exceptions to the practice,
the Nledical.Council are fully convinced that the
failure of Vaccination, as a preventive of the Small-
pox, is a very rare occurrence.
XV. That of the immense number who have
been :accinated.in the army and navy, in dilferentparts
oldie' United Kingdom, and in every quarter of the
globe,. scarcely any instances of such faildre have
been reported to the Comtn*:e, but those which
are "said to have occurred in the MetropoliS, or its

, XVl.That the Medical Council are fully assured,
that. in. very many places, in which the Small-pox
raged with ;rat viiylence, the disease has been