The Sun.
London, England, 1863-10-19 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 19, 1863.

but that of Europe also with tea:' A plantation in
s acreslloef
it sold,
north-western
oee
a ltohnoeu shaanvde
3p875n6d
taenddfrifoemacthheachrielloaf
ofth et
hteear-nbne
jaaroinhgttertahcet
pwlearnetoa
at ilot ni
vs ,a
seeynieldisedfarlohOelelbws..wpheatt
baoorred, which er Nepaul,eand
whave
may be expected, the total produce would be
according to Dr. JAMESON'S estimate, 930,000,000
lbs. annually, or as much as the export of all China.
The facilities for the tea culture are even greater on
the eastern slopes of the Himalayas, where the in-
digenous plant grows abundantly. Darjeeling,
which has been known as a tea-bearing district for
the last two years, lies almost directly north of
Calcutta, and only needs the further extension of
the railway to develope its trade still more fully.
Cachar, in the same direction, produced 500,0001b5.
of tea from 31 plantations in one year, according to
the official report two years ago. We may, there-
fore, conclude that that amount has very consider-
ably increased since then. In the matter of export
to England, Assam is the most favoured, having a
direct water communication with Calcutta by means
of the Brahmapootra. With such facts before them,
however, we can hardly doubt that even the Indian
Government will press forward the extension of the
means of internal communication. With the excep-
tion of Sir CHARLES WOOD'S obstinate adhesion to
the old system of land tax and waste land regula-
tions, the authorities have hitherto shown every
desire to encourage the cultivation of tea. The
surprising success which has attended all such enter-
prises must serve to encourage the most hesitating
and dubious observer, although it is true the success
of the Godavery water works has not been able to
stimulate the ruling powers to further action. It
is difficult to overrate the value to India in every
way of such an important addition to her exports,
and we can only hope that every possible facility
and encouragement will be given to the cultivator
and the merchant.

The reception which Colonel LAMAR met with at
the Chertsey Agricultural Society goes far to con-
tradict the assertions made by some relative to the
state of feeling in this country on American
affairs. Almost the whole company rose to drink
the toast, which included the Colonel's name among
the visitors present at the entertainment. Through-
out the course of his remarks he was loudly cheered,
and altogether his reception was a most enthusiastic
one. Some points referred to in this discourse are
worthy of notice, and it is especially satisfactory to
meet with some authentic representation of events,
after the confused and conflicting statements
which
have appeared from those who are only half-
informed of the facts they attempt to explain. The
Colonel commenced by appropriately alluding to
the cordial reception he had met with, and declared
that it was the more gratifying to him because it
had been awarded by farmers. The reason for this
he explained, by stating that ho came from a
country of farmers. A man never speaks to
greater
advantage than when he is defending his country
from attack, or celebrating its merits, as the case
may be. Thus these earnest words seem a fitting
introduction to a speech which was
designed
expressly to set forward the rights of the Seces-
sionists and expose the frauds and fallacies of their
opponents. " His country was not,
as they had
been told, one of indolent, dissolute, and wealthy
planters; but of independent, intelligent freemen,
nearly one-half of them owning the land
which they cultivated, and nearly all
of them seeing in each up-turned sod of their
fallow-ground, that which was more precious to
them than the gold of California, the sparkle of in-
There is
dependenee, and of personal liberty."
much truth in this asseveration, whatever aspersions
may be cast upon its veracity by indignant dis-
claimers. It is the spirit of self-reliance and the
real love of independence which have sustained the
Confederates in their unequal struggle, and im-
parted to their thinned ranks and decaying
strength
au ever-springing endurance, and a vitality that
gave courage to meet the emergency. Had the in-
habitants of the South been such recreants, or such
tame-spirited and ruthless tyrants as they had been
described to us in many places, as they
figured in
historical sketches, and gloomed darkly in the
pages of narratives, they never could have achieved
half of their heroic efforts, or any of their hard-
fought encounters. It is somewhat curious to
notice that in exact proportion as the Southerners
have gained upon general attention and admiration
their adversaries have deteriorated. The fact is,
that the Northerners were taken upon trust, as it
were, before the outbreak of this trying and exposi-
tory conflict. Without too closely scanning, or too
minutely particularising the shades of character
and distinctions of feeling, people in general seemed
to fancy that their boastful assertions and bragging
professions were connected in
soma way with the
will to do,
and the power to bear, when
it came to the point. Experience has shown
far otherwise, and many of the skirmishes,
engagements, and rencontres that have been
chronicled in the annals of the war, have robbed
self-complacency of its triumph, and exposed the
deceptive character of vaunted freemen. Colonel
LAMAR very forcibly pourtrayed the glaring incon-
sistencies that were apparent in the Government of
Washington. He said that none of the great bul-
warks of English liberty were to be found in the
Northern States. Certainly there are good grounds
for this remark, when we note the instances brought
forward of some official arrangements, which are
more closely assimilated with despotic sway and
tyrannical interference than with any attempt at
freedom, however insufficient may be its outline
and limited its scope. The Secretary of State had
boasted that he was able, by touching a bell on his
right hand, to imprison a citizen in the distant
State of Michigan, and also, that by touching
another bell on his left hand, he could imprison a
citizen in New Hampshire or Maine. Well might
the speaker exclaim, after recapitulating these
anomalies, that freedom was not the object sought
after by the United States Government. " A grim
despotism glared over the land, liberty stood naked
and defenceless, cowering before it. Spies, police
officers, and provost-marshals were the ministers of
the Government." This is a stern and sombre pic-
ture to draw of the model Republic of the Western
world. We wonder what Mr. BRIGEIT would pay
to such a treasonable declaration concerning his
idolised States, which were to have furnished us with
a copy of social advantages a few years back, and of
whose virtues and merits he seemed ready to
discourse the livelong day. Putting aside
the vexed question of the right of seces-
sion and the advantages of abolition, and
judging the Federals by themselves, taking a review
or
(:,heir proceedings in the civil war, it is an
undisputed fact that they have proved faithless
to their professions of freedom, and that their
whole
conduct,
of the name of that liberty which, as a people, and career as a State,
have been a
n
gross violation of the principles, and
a prostitution
it was once their proudest boast that they main-
tained immaculate and
unstained
g given
beforeen o
the
ee
statenations
o;
of the world. The glimpse
things across the Potomac certainly redounded to
the credit of the people there.
The general feel-
ing of spontaneity that prevailed, the perfect order
that reigned in the internal arrangements, coupled ,

with the uniformity of action and concert of move-
ment in external action, all presented a strong con-
trast to the former representaticn. The advocate
of the Confederate States might with just pride
compare the sketches he had given, and assert
that he wished Englishmen "to decide which
were the representatives of American or Anglican
liberty and constitutionality," In conclusion Col.
LAMAR referred to the question of slavery, and
said that if ever the time came when the negroes
required and deserved freedom, the South would
he ready to confer it on them. In this he was
touching upon a subject that involves the most
important considerations, and in which lies the
true source of strength for the future, if it is
but rightly comprehended. The time that sees the
" day-star of liberty rise" will ba a benign and
blessed epoch. The South will acquire new vigour
and win respect for her magnanimity, as she has
acquired admiration for her bravery, from those who
watch the issue of this fitful strife. At all events,
it seems a significant fact that one of the Confede-
rate army should have been accorded that welcome
which England only awards to the brave who have
been true in the trying time of defeat, and stood
the searching test of victory. It is well known
that no such a climax as Bull's Run ever deterio-
rated from the military reputation of the Confede-
rates ; but the sympathy of this country is awakened
by the thought that victory did not convert their
legions into ruffians, and no orders unbecoming
Christian and civilised States ever emanated from
the generals or were obeyed by the rants of those
whose foes call them cruel and callous, but who
have taught their enemies a lesson that their best
friends might pray and beseech them to follow with
advantage to their reputation and credit to their
cause.