The Sun.
London, England, 1830-02-05 00:00:00

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1

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT

HOUSE OF LORDS—(LAST NIGHT.)
At an early hour this morning the usual pre-
paration:, for the opening of Parliament com-
menced.

A little after two o'clock Parliament was
opened by his Majesty's Commissioners. he
Lords Commissioners were the LORD CHATN-
eIzLLOR, the Duke of WELLINGTON, Earls
ROSSLYN, ABERDEEN, and MAYO.
The LORD CHANCELLOR then read the fol-
lowing Speech :
'6 Mr LORDS AND GENTLELIEN, . _

" We are commanded by his MAJESTY to inform
You, that his MAJESTY receives from all Foreign
Powers the strongest assurances of their desire to
tnaintaia and cultivate the most friendly relations of
this Country.
" His MAJESTY has seen with satisfaction that the
War between Russia and the Ottoman Porte has
been brought to a conclusion.
" The efforts of his MAJESTY to accomplish the
rn4in objects of the Treaty of the 6th July, 1827,
have been unremitted.
" Ilis NIAJEsTY having recently concerted with
ts Allies measures for the pacification and
4H4l settlement of Greece, trusts that
he shall be enabled, at an early period, to commu-
nicate to you the particulars of this arrangement,
with such information as may explain the
Course which his MAJESTY has pursued throughout
the progress of these important transactions.
" His MAJESTY laments that he is unable to an-
nounce to you the prospect of a reconciliation be-
tween the Princes of the I louse of Braganza.

" His MAJESTY has not yet deemed it expedient
tore-establish upon their ancient footing, his MA-,
Jg.sTy's diplomatic relations with the kingdom of
Portugal. But the numerous embarrassments arising
from the continued interruption of these relations
Increase his MAJESTY'S desire to effect the termi-
kittion of so serious an evil.

" GENTLEMEN OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS,
" KS MAJESTY has directed the Estimates for the
eurren
t year to be laid before you. They have
"en framed with every attention to economy,
culd it will be satisfactory to you to learn
that his MAJESTY will be enabled to make a con-
siderable Reduction in the amount of the Pub!ic
~.,,spenditure, without impairing the efficiency of our
"4'41 or Military Establishments.
" We are commanded by his MAJESTY to inform
/°", that although the National Income, during
the last year has not attained the full amount at which
it had bean estimated, the diminution is not
Cush as to cause any doubt as to the future pro-
sperity of the Revenue.

" MY LORDS ♦ND GENTL7IIIBN,
" His MAJESTY commands us to acquaint you that
'lie attention has been of late earnestly directed to
various important considerations connected with itn-
Pros'aments in the administration of the law.
1113 MAJESTY has directed that measures shall
124 submitted for your deliberation, of which some are
calculated in the opinion of His MAJESTY to facilitate
lad expedite the course of Justice in different parts of
the United Kingdom, and others appear to be rieces-
ftry preliminaries to a revision of the practice and
proceedings of the superior Courts.
" We are commanded to assure you that this MA-
' TT feels confident that you will give your best
attention and assistance to subjects of such deep
and lasting concern to the well-being of his people.
His MAJFSTY commands us to inform you
that the Export in the last year of British Produce
and Manufactures has exceeded that of any former
7114 r,

" His MAJEfiTT laments, that notwithstanding
this ►ndication of active commerce, distress should
Prevail among the Agricultural and Manufacturing
"" i" some parts of the United Kingdom.
• " It would be most gratifying to the paternal
tilelings of his AIAJESTY to be enabled to
propose for your consideration, measures calculated
remove the difficulties of any portion of his
!Subjects, and at the same time compatible with
the general and permanent interests of his people.
" It is from a deep solicitude for those interests
Out his MAJESTY is impressed with the ne-
**ashy of acting with extreme caution in reference
too this important subject.

" His MAJESTY feels assured, that you will con-
ear with him in assigning due weight to
the effect of unfavourable seasons, and to the opera-
tion of other causes, which are beyond the reach of
Legislative control or remedy.
" Above all, his MAJESTY is convinced that no
pressure of temporary difficulty will induce you to
relax the determination which you have uni-
formly manifested, to maintain inviolate the
Public Credit, and thus to uphold the hiv,h Charac-
ter, and the permanent Welfare of the Country."
The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the
woolsack at about ten minutes to Five o'clock.
Mr. Daws said an account was received of the pro-
windings of the election of a Peer, in the place of the
Marquis of Headfort, deceased.
The Earl of GLENCALL we understood to have been
nominated in his stead.
t'ille Duke of WELLINGTON entered the House at
eL rainus past five o'clock, and soon after moved the
trot reading of the Vestry Bill.

No. 11,668.

tisne when people should be discouraged, or yield to
fears at the distress, but they should combine for fresh
exertion. He trusted that the distress under which the
country suffers should not induce them to ru❑ any risk
in the public credit. He, however, purposely abstained
from entering any further into the details of this dis-
tress, as this was not the time when such a topic should
be discussed. He hoped it would be. He hoped,
however, that he would be allowed to express his opinion
on it, which war, that they should pay it their whole ex-
elusive and undivided attention, and not make it a topic of
conversation which could not produce any beneficial re-
salts; but, on the contrary, would increase the ruling evil.
The Noble Lord concluded by moving, that the Address
should be presented to his Majesty.

Lord SALIf OUN rose to second the Address. Ile en- I
tirely agreed with the Noble Duke who had proposed the
Address, in all the arguments he had used. It was
most gratifying to find, after a peace of fifteen years I
(a thing almost unparralleled in the annals of Eng-
land) that our foreign relations were upon so good
a footin( with us. As to the termination of the war
in the East of Europe that he considered was not a matter
of much interest to this country. With respect to the
Treaty of the sth of July, 1E27, and the settlement of
the affairs of Greece, of course this was not the time
to discuss them. It must be matter of great regret to all
that the diplomatic relations between Portugal and
this country had been suspended, the commercial ones how-
ever he (the Noble Lord) was glad to say were in force,
but doubtless cramped considerably; but in the
state in which that county at present was, it eou4l not
be said how they were to be avoided. In law
there could be no doubt that the elder branch of
the House of Brsgsnas were the rightful heirs to the
throne ; the Portuguese nation had, however, adopted
the younger. He had no doubt, however, that shortly
the diplomatic relations would be restored to their
proper state. The next subject was the Massage to the
House of Commons, which must of course be satisfactory
to every body. Doubtless the diminution of the expen-
diture would enable the country to meet some of the defi-
ciencies which had taken place in the revenue. It ws. also
gratifying to observe that his Majesty recommended
several alterations relative to the administration of the
law. He (the Noble Lord) was by no means competent
to enter into the subject, but he must state that if any
measure could be adopted whereby the laws of the
country he represented could be made more expedi
tious, he was sure it would deserve and receive the best
thanks of that country and himself. There could be no
doubt great distress was now and had been for a long
time felt by the Manufacturing and Agricultural interests
of the country ; and, notwithstanding the gracious an-
nouncements made to-day, that the commercial
interests were proceeding rapidly, still distress
continued, which had been ascribed to several causes; some
thought it proceeded from an over production, others from
a change in the currency, and some imagined it to
proceed from other sources. Taking all these things
into consideration, he could not ascribe it to
either of these causes; he therefore apprehended
it to proceed from the change existing in the value of ma-
nufactured articles, or, in other words, that the event of
the late war made us not only the carriers, manufacturer.,
and sellers, but enabled us to name our price for the articles
we manufactured. When peace took place, our machinery
was adopted by other nations ; they manufactured their
own articles, and even glutted our markets with them;
our manufacturer was therefore obliged to reduce his price,
and it would follow, as a matter of course, if a manufac-
turer was obliged to make 100 balers of goods to get the
saute profit he originally got on 60, he would be unable
to give his workmen what he had originally done. As to
the changes in the currency, the distress began to be felt
in 1819, 1820, and 1821, before any change tobk place,
and therefore it could not he attributable to that. He (the
Noble Lord) regretted the distress in common with all,
but could not attribute it to the source from whence
it was sopposei to spring. The Noble Lnrd sat down
with seconding the Address that had been proposed by
the Duke of Buccleugh.

Lord STANHOPE rose, but his Lordship spoke in so
low a ton• for some time that we found it impossible to
catch distinctly what he said. Wr, however, under-
stood him to say, that he should consider himself
as totally negligent of his duty, if he did not take the
earliest opportunity of making a few observations.-
I.le would ask any rational man, who had heard the
speech read, to-day, whether it could he considered
as affording a real and true representation of the state of
the country. A more ineffective speech or one inure full
of misrepresentation never was made.—(Hear, hear.)--.
After congratulating their Lordships on the state
of the country, it mentioned that notwithstanding
those circumstances, distress still existed in some of
the manufacturing classea —( Hear, hear)—Would it not
be much more correct, continued the Nolile Lord. if it
had stated that distress existed in every class? He had
no doubt the suffering people would be much obliged
to the Noble Duke if he would hear them ;
where was the place that distress did not exist ?
The real English and sum and substance of the Speech
was this—" You are in great distress, but take care you
don't get out of it—(Laughter)—you are fallen into a river
where you are likely to he drowned, but for God's sake
take care you don't get into something worse." We have
no consolation of even a temporary relief from the Noble
Duke. We have been told that the distress was like a slight
cloud which would soon pass away. We have seen those
clouds gather till they portend an approaching storm.
The Noble Duke who had moved the Address
had told their Lordships that they were not
to encourage the feelings of despondency. Now lie (the
Noble Lord) was not apt to despond—it was not in his
nature ; but despondency must come on this country if
something was not administered in time. The observa-
tions in the Speech were not excusable, because the
Noble Duke at the head of his Majesty's Government must
know of the distress under which the country laboured.
He must certainly know of the universality of those
distresses from the county meetings that had been held in
various parts of the country : and though the Noble Duke
was pleased the other day to call a county 'sleeting a
farce, yet he (Lord Stanhope) would ask if there
was not a meeting not far from that place, whose pro-
ceedings might equally deserve that name. The Noble
Duke must also know of the distress front the lemon-
stranees that were poured in upon loin front
every part of the country. No hope whatever was held out
in the Speech for the alleviation of those distresses. lie (Lord
S.) regretted this very much for the sake of this unhappy and
ill governed country, and also for the sake of the Noble Duke
himself. As far as regarded the former career of that
noble individual lie entertained no other sentiments than
those of gratitude and admiration. That noble individual
had been placed upon a pinnacle of marble such as no man
had ever attained since the days of the Duke of Marl.
borough, but every glory was tarnished when that Noble
Duke became the first Minister of this country. He found
the vessel of the State erurrounded with quicksands, and he
followed the same course and doctrines which had given
such general dissatisfaction. \i'hat laurels had he gained
by the passing the Catholic Bill? It was not a
measure which the Noble Duke coincided with, but it was
extorted from him by the threats and menaces of the Ca-
tholic Association. Whatever might be said of exprts,
the commerce of this country was never at so low an ebb.
Circumstances like these demanded the most serious

KING'S SPEECH.The LORD CHANCELLOR then read his Majesty's
&pees:lt front the Woolsack, at 20 minutes past five o'clock.
The Speech, having been afterwards read by the Clerk,
The Duke of BUCCLEUGH said he bad been intrusted
with the high honour of moving the Address to his Ma-
i'MY, he was not unmindfal of the difficulties of the task,
and he regretted extremely that he was so unable to do
tl" In it, it would indeed be presumptuous is one
i'y?ung end inexperienced as he was, to venture to give
p monsat length on such very important subjects, he
would Confine himself to such few retnirks and oh-
tatinhe al were absolutely necessary. The strong as-
"'trance svhich his Majesty gave them relative to the dif-
ferent States of Europe, which maintained and culti-
Zted peace towards each other must be a subject of cougratu-
tion of them all. Peace has at length been concluded be-
kico Russia and the Ottoman empire, the scene of war-
, between those two different States has at length
lstied, which, if prolonged, must have involved the rest of
,Pc in the quarrel. They must all view with great ea_
""11=tion his Majesty's unremitting attention to carry the
main object of the treaty of June, 1827. Ile trusted that
they would all join with him in rejoicing at the measures
which his Majesty has thought fit to establish for the set-
tlement of Greece. Those signs of such importance have
It length stopped those scenes of bloodshed and warfare.
With regard to Portugal, is it pc esible that we can
refer to such a subject without regretting that there
Were friends and relatives in that country which was so
long our own most particular ally ? Ile trusted that his
Abljesty's efforts to remove such enmity had been happily
nneeces.ful, and has estacluded by a reconciliation between
the two houses of Braganza. One of the most important
Parts of his Alajesty's Speech was that which referred to
the,i contemplated improvements in the administration of
the law every one was aware that some alteration was
3:6"beey for the purpose of facilitating the course of
Setiee. It was therefore satisfactory that a revision of
14e practice in the law courts was about to take
Pl,Lett,—that shop parts which were unsuitable to the
Preetut state or the cptAntry should be removed,
4441 the course of its operat;an_shortened. He had
a° doubt their Lordships mild be ready to pay the
ttteetion to these matters which his Majesty expected.
44 very one must deplore the distress under which the agri-
tecittiral and manufacturing climes laboured throughout the
litdetn, be, buseever, was not disposed to think it was
Qt so nniversal as many would wish to have it be-
7txls It was a subject that could only be considered
WWI regret, and that would require their utmost con-
sideration. It was only a temporary distress, and they
might with a little exertion be able to alleviate, if
not remove it entirely ; it must be attributed to the
late uufavout able seasons, when the agriculturist had
e• many difficulties to contend with. It was a subject of
too great importance to be discussed then, bat although
they had Lad such distress and opprersi, n throughout the
kingdom, had they not a subject of great congratelation
in the exports of British produce, which have exceeded
more than any former year ; it ought to give us indeed much
Pleasure to see by such increase that tl.e evil is not
li"lt tooted. 'This was not the only nation then which
eased their own manufactories, for every nation was
Kee taming its attention to them. This was pot a

consideration of their Lordships, and if he did not mi-
nutely detail the sources from which these distresses were
said to arise, it was because he felt confident that some
Noble Lord, or he himself, would submit a motion to
the House to resolve itself into a Committee, to inquire
into the state of the nation. The speech does not allude
to the causes of the present distress, and he should there-
fore move, that this House views with the deepest anxiety
the cause of the distress that now exists in the country,

and that it is necessary that a Committee be immediately
formed to inquire into the same. lie should move
the House that a resolution to this effect be inserted in

the address to the throne. He was of opinion every
means ought to be immediately instituted, and what
would the country think if inquiry was refused'—(Hear,
hear.)—lf the Noble Duke opposed it he woull
be unworthy of the high office he filled.—(Hear, hear.)—
He would not at the present time go into a ♦iew of all
the causes of distress, but conclude by moving, that tqe
resolution he had read be inserted in the address.
The Amendment having been put from the Woolsack,
Viscount GODERICH begged leave to assure their
Lordships that no person felt more deeply than himself for
the distress which he knew to prevail to so great an extent
in the country, &offerings in which he, as an individual,
along with many Noble Lords, to a certain extent, partici-

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