The Sun.
London, England, 1863-03-14 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, MARCH 14, 1863.

THIRD EDITION

SUN OFFICE, SIX O'CLOCK.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE—This Day.

CITY BETTING.
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE STAKES.
9to 1 agst Knutsford (taken)
12 to 1 agst Grimstone (taken)
EARL Si ENCER'S PLATE.
15 to lon the field (offered)

TWO THOUSAND.
Sto 1 agst Hospodar (taken freely)
6to 1 agst Saccharometer (offered)
10 to 1 agst Rapid Rhone (offered)

CITY AND SUBURBAN,
15 to 1 agst Gleno(ity c (taken freely)
CHESTER CUP.
16 to 1 agst Stradella

Naval and Military Intelligence.

The Resistance iron frigate, Capt. W. Chambr-
',ain, sailed from Spithead at 3 p.m. yesterday for
Devonport.
The Warrior iron frigate, Capt. the Hon. A. A.
Cochrane, C. 8., sailed for Devonport from Spithead,
at 4 p.m. yesterday, after the return of their Royal
Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales to
Osborne in the Fairy yacht, from accompanying the
yacht Osborne out to sea with the Crown Prince and
Princess of Prussia on board for Antwerp.
Vice-Admiral Sir Michael Seymour, G.C.8., and
Staff were entertained last evening at dinner by the
ward-room dicers of his flagship, Her Majesty's
ship Victory, on entering upon his duties as naval
Commander-in-Chief of the port and district.
Twenty 110-pounder breech-loading Armstrong
guns have been delivered at Sandown, Isle of Wight,
With a corresponding supply of shot and shell, for
the armament of the Yaverland, Redeliffe, and San-
down barrack batteries, all new works, and a de-
scription of which has already appeared in the
Su*.

A notice has been affixed at the entrance gates to
Chatham dockyard announcing that on and after
the Ist of April next no volunteer will be enrolled
in the Royal Naval Reserve who is above 30 years
of age, to be ascertained by certificates of birth or
baptism.

The following appointments were made yesterday
at the Admiralty :—E. Rivers, chief engineer, to
the Asia for the Melpomene, when the latter is paid
off ; R. Allen, chief engineer, to the Asia for the
Imperieuse, when the latter is paid off; J. Crew,
W. J. Wise, T. E. Williams, T. B. Jordan, Henry
Rawlings, and Frederick Earnshaw, assistant-
engineer, to the Rattlesnake on the Coast of Africa,
as supernumeraries; the Hon. Rothwell J. B. Wil-
loughby has been nominated to a naval cadetship;
Edwin J. Jackson and William Terry, master's
assistant, to the Nile.

MARKETS—This Day

COVENT GARDEN.

To-day's market was seasonably well supplied with pro•
duce. Most kinds of fruit ruled firm as to price, but vege-
tables met a slow sale.

FRUIT.

s. d. s. d. , s. d. s d
Pine apples 8 otolo 0 . Cherries, per lb. 0 oto 0 0
Colonial do., each 0 oto 0 0I Foreign ditto, pun° oto 0 0
Grapes,per lb 10 oto 12 01 Filberts, per lb .. 1 6to 1 9
Foreign do 1 oto 2 0 I Walnuts, per 100 0 oto 0 0
Melons ...
Nectarines. per dz 0 oto 0 0 Almonds, per bus 0 oto 0 0
Apples, per hf-sv. 2 Bto 4 0 Figs, per doz. .... 0 oto 0 0
Pears, per do
Oranges, per 100 3 II to 8 0( Currants, per h.sv 0 oto 0 0
Lemons, per 120.. 3 oto 7 0 Plums, per db. .. 0 oto 0 0
Gooseberries hf eve° oto 0 0 I Greengages, pr do. 0 oto 0 0
Strawberries pr pt 0 oto 0 0 Raspberries,prpt 0 oto 0 0

VEGETABLES.
Greens, dz bunch 2 oto 2 6 Shallots, per lb .. 0 6to 0 8
Cabbages, pr doz 0 9to 1 0 Horseradish, pdu 1 oto 2 0
Red ditto 1 6So 3 0 Parsley, per ditto 0 oto 0 0
Savoy do., pr dz 0 9to 1 3 ; Celery, per ditto 1 oto 1 6
Cauliflowers, pdz 1 oto 3 0 Beet, per doz. .. 0 oto 0 0
Brocoli, per bun. 0 Bto 1 0 Parsnips, per do. 0 oto 0 0
Potatoes, per ton 100 to 150 01 Small salad, p. pn, 0 oto 0 0
New ditto, pr put 1 oto 0 0 Mushrooms,p ptl. 0 9to 1 0
Turnips, dz bunch 1 6to 2 01 Artichokes, each 0 oto 0 0
Carrots, pr do 4 6to 5 6) Cabbage lett,score 0 oto 0 0
Cucumbers 0 oto 0 0 Mint and savory.. 0 oto 0 0
Garlic, per lb
Sorrel, per sieve 0 oto 0 0 Radishes, dz hnds 0 oto 0 0
Green peas,ll.-sy. 0 oto 0 0 Tomatoes, 0 oto 0 0
Brus. sprouts,h.s. 1 6to 2 6 Chillies, per ditto 0 oto 0 0
Onions, doz. bn.. 1 6to 1 9 ) Capsicums, per do 0 oto 0 0
New Do., dz bun 0 oto 0 01 Rhubarb, per bun 0 4to 1 0
French beans, h.s. 0 oto 0 0 Asparagus, pr do. 0 oto 0 0
Leeks, per bunch 0 oto 0 0 Seakale, per bun. 0 9to 1 6
NE WGATE AND LEADENHALL.

Turkeys, 4. Od to 10s Od ; geese, Os Od to Os Od each ;
goslings, 5s Od to 8s Od ; ducks, is tid to 3s lid ; ducklings,
3s 6d to 5s Od ; rabbits, is 3d to 2s each ; wild do., 10d
to is 2d ; pigeons, Os 10d to is Od each; Surrey fowls,
Ss Od to 12s Od ; chickens, 6s Od to 8s Od; barn-door fowls,
4s Od to 7s Od ; capons, Os Od • hares, 3s 6d to 4s Od ;
ptarmigan, is 6d to Os each ; Pheasants, Os Od to Os Od ;
partridges,Os Od to Os Od ; woodcocks, 3s 6cl to 4s ; snipes, Os
to Os Od; teal, Os Od to Os Od • wild ducks, Os Od to Os Od ;
widgeons, is Gd to Os Od ; plovers, Os Od to Os Od each ;
guinea fowls, Os Od to Os Od ; roasting pigs, 4s Od to 7s Od
each; Ostend fresh butter, Ild to is Id • English, is ld
to is 5d per lb ; English eggs, 9e Od to Os Od ; French do.,
6s 6d to 7s 6d per 120 ; leverets, 3s Od to Os Od each.

RICAN DESPATCHES.

Subjoined are some of the most interesting of the
recently printed despatches on American affairs.
The following contains Earl Russell's views on the
famous proclamation

EARL RUSSELL TO LORD LYONS.

Foreign-office, Jan. 17, 1863.

My Lord,—The proclamation of the President of
the United States, enclosed in your lordship's de-
spatch of the 2d inst., appears to be of a very strange

nature.

It professes to emancipate all slaves in places
where the United States authorities cannot exercise
any jurisdiction, nor make emancipation a reality;
but it does not decree emancipatio❑ of slaves in any
States or parts of States occupied by Federal troops,
and subject to United States jurisdiction, and where
therefore emancipation, if decreed, might have been
carried into effect.

It would seem to follow that in the Border States,
and also in New Orleans, a slavcowner may recover
his fugitive slave by the ordinary process of law,
but that in the ten States in which the prociama-

lion decrees emancipation a fugitive slave arrested
by legal warrant may resi,,,t, and his resistance, if
successful, is to be upheld and aided by the United
States authorities and the United States armed
forces.

The proclamation, therefore, makes slavery at
once legal and illegal, and makes slaves either
punishable for running away from their masters
or entitled to be supported and encouraged in so
doing, according to the locality of the plantation
to which they belong and the loyalty of the State
in which they may happen to be.
There seems to be no declaration of a principle
adverse to slavery in this proclamation. It is a
measure of war, and a measure of war of a very
questionable kind.

As President Lincoln has twice appealed to the
judgment of mankind in his proclamation, I ven-
ture to say I do not think it can or ought to satisfy
the friends of abolition, who look for total and im-
partial freedom for the slave, and not for vengeance
on the slaveowner.—l am, &c.,
(Signed) RUSSELL.
_ _

The second series of despatches contains the cor-
respondence between Mr. Mason and Lord Russell,
in which the former is constant in his endeavour
to induce the British Government to break the
blockade, and recognise the Confederacy. Earl
Russell's replies are most cautious, and chiefly
confined to the acknowledgments of the receipt of
the letters addressed to him. With regard to the
remarks that notwithstanding the determination of
the South to maintain the independence they have
offensive in an offer
gßritish Government,
o f achieved,
mediation the they wouldh
the part
no of t
the
n
with a view to terminate the war now hopelessly
carried on against them. On another occasion Mr.
Mason sums up forcibly the claims of the Confe-
deracy to recognition by the European Powers
and proposes an interview with the Eng-
lish Foreign Secretary, which was declined.
In January of this year, Mr. Mason remonstrates
respecting their
blockade. We sub-
join Lord Russell's answer.
viletwh s tohne tEh
en gq
lui es sht i o Governmentn

EARL RUSSELL TO MR, MASON.
Foreign-office, Feb. 10, 1863.
Sir,—l have the honour to acknowledge the re-
ceipt of the letter of the January, referring to
the letter which you addressed to rue on the 7th of
July last, respecting the interpretation placed by
her Mjesty's Government on the declaration with
regard to blockades appended to the treaty of
Paris.

I have, in the first place, to assure you that her
Majesty's Government would much regret if you
should feel that any want of respect was intended
by the circumstance of a mere acknowledgment of
your letter having hitherto been addressed to you.
With regard to the question contained in it, I
have to say that her Majesty's Government see no
reason to qualify the language employed in my
despatch to Lord Lyons of the 15th of February
last. It appears to her Majesty's Government
to be sufficiently clear that the declaration of Par;s
could not be intended to mean that a port must be
so blockaded as rc ally to prevent access in all winds,
and independently of whether the communication
might be carried on in a dark night, or by means of
small low steamers or coasting craft creeping along
the shore ; in short, that it was necessary that com-
munication with a port under blockade should be
utterly and absolutely impossible under any circum-
stances.

In further illustration of this remark, I may say
there is no doubt that a blockade would be in legal
existence, although a sudden storm or change of
wind occasionally blew off the blockading squadron.
This is a change to which, in the nature of things,
every blockade is liable. Such an accident does not
suspend, much less break, a blockade. Whereas, on
the contrary, the driving off a blockading force by
a superior force does break a blockade, which must
be renewed de novo , in the usual form, to be bind-
ing upon neutrals,

The Declaration of Paris was in truth directed
against what were once termed paper blockades—

that is, blockades not sustained by any actual
force, or sustained by a notoriously inadequate
naval force, such as the occasional appearance of a
man-of-war in the offing, or the like.
The adequacy of the force to maintain the blockade
must indeed always to a certain extent be one of
fact and evidence, but it does not appear that in
any of the numerous cases brought before the prize
courts in America the inadequacy of the force has
been urged by those who would have been most in-
terested in urging it against the legality of the
seizure. The interpretation, therefore, placed by
her Majesty's Government on the D-Iclaration of
Paris was that a blockade, in order to be re-
spected by neutrals, must be practically Effec-
tive. At the time I wrote my despatch to Lord Lyons
her Majesty's Government were of opinion that the
blockade of the Southern ports could not be other-
wise than so regarded ; and certainly the manner in
which it has since been enforced gives to neutral
Governments no excuse for asserting that the block-
ade has not been efficiently maintained.

It is proper to add that the same view of the
meaning and effect of the article of the declaration
of Paris on the subject of blockades which is above
explained was taken by the representatives of the
United States at the Cow. t of St. James's (Mr.
Dallas), during the communications which passed
between the two Governments some years before
the present war, with a view to the accession of the
United States to that declaration.—l am, &c.
(Signed) RUSSELL.
The recent affair at Charleston has given rise to
the two following despatches:—.

same month ; a principle clearly stated in a letter
I have had the honour to receive from your lord-
ship, dated on the 10th instant, in the following
words :—" The driving off a blockading force, by a
superior force, does break a blockade, which must
be renewed de novo, in the usual form, to be bind-
ing upon neutrals ;" a principle uniformly ad-
mitted by all text-writers on public law, and estab•
lished by decisions of Courts of Admiralty.
I am aware that official information of either of
these events may not yet have reached the Govern-
ment of her Majesty, but the consequences attend-
ing the removal of the blockade (whether to be re-
newed or not) are so important to the commercial
interests involved, that I could lose no time in ask-
ing that such measures may be taken by her Ma-
jesty's Government, in relation thereto, as will best
tend to the resumption of a commercial intercourse
so long placed under restraint.
I avail myself on this occasion to acknowledge
receipt of your lordship's letter of the 10th of Feb-
ruary instant, to which I shall have the honour of
sending a reply iu the course of a day or two.—l
am, &e., (Signed) J. M. MASON.
EARL RUSSELL TO MR. MASON.
Foreign-office, Feb. 19, 1563.
Sir,—With reference to my letter of the 16th inst.
acknowledging the receipt of your letter of that day,
calling attention to the accounts which had reached
this country tending to show that the blockade of
the ports of Galveston and Charleston had been put
an end to by the action of the Confederate naval
forces, I have the honour now to state to you that
the information which her Majesty's Government
have derived from your letter and from the public
journals on this subject is not sufficiently accurate
to admit of their forming an opinion, and they will
accordingly by the first opportunity instruct Lord
Lyons to report fully on the matter.
W hen his lordship's report has been received and
considered, I shall have the honour of making a
further communication to you on the subject.—l
am, &c., (Signed) RUSSELL,