The Sun.
London, England, 1863-09-22 00:00:00

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_ . .

The disorders on the borders of Kansas and Mis-
souri, consequent on the massacres perpetrated at
Lawrence by the chief of bushwackers, Quantrell,
are assuming gigantic dimensions. Jim Lane, who
is styled a General, and is a senator in Congress,
will place himself at the head of a band of " jay-
hawkers," and lay waste the four border counties of
Missouri,where Quantrell is supposed to have sought
his refuge. The deeds of murder and lawless bru-
tality of which Jim Lane boasted himself the author
at a public meeting the other day, qualify him as a
ruffian of no better stamp than the very Quantroll
against whom he is about. to march. Between Mis-
souri bushwhackers and Kansas jawhawkers, or
Red Legs,
report of Lane's intended onset has been sufficient
to spread dismay
General Seholefield, who is
there i
as
b nudt not
onlym anxious
consternationuch to ho o
tne o.
t 0
escape The
thosem un-
fortunate Missouri counties, and the whole popula-
tion is fast migrating eastward, expooed to the
sufferings,iabm in these quarters, has issued strict
oth and destruction.to the Missouri and the Kansas militia
direstin im-
pending
command
orderso
on no account to overstep the borders. His orders,however, are hardly likely to be respected by Lave,
who accused him of imbecility, and moved resoln-
tions for his removal. It seems, indeed, that there
are plans at Washington for sending General Hun-
ter into Scholefield's place. The day appointed for
Jim Lane's murderous expedition is the 9th inst.
There seems to be no little animosity among poli-
tical parties in Kentucky. " Taking the whole
eState
followstog
:e t ro, 'f'
we
eose w
are told, u
p"theyprt th e may be classed
Administra-
tion and its policy, say one-fifth; of those who are
loyal to the Union, as it was formerly, with slavery,
say three-tenths ;of those who were in favour of
hos o
secession, and are at heart with the kauth) three-
tenths. There are all shades of political intensity,
ranging from the compensatory emancipationist to
the uncompromising slave-advocating. guitter.
About equal numbers have gone to bear arms Noir
and South, perhaps 40,000 to each side. Entire
unanimity does not exist among the less passionate
and prejudiced who remain. Many private feuds,
brawls, and even open violence, are of continued
occurrence. The wealth, the breeding, and the re-
gard for reputation, keep many from open strife,
but there are many muttered threats of vengeance
dire. The presence of the national troops has the
effect of suppressing at least one portion of the mal-
contents. When the war is over and the army is
withdrawn, it will be impossible for the former
inhabitants to live peaceably together again. The
Unionists, with the bayonets at their back, have
tyrannized over their rebel neighbours, all of which
they assert is to be repaid with interest. The for-
tune of arms, however, will doubtless decide the
fate of Kentucky, as of the rest of the South. The
disloyal will have to leave the State, or be contented
to remain quiet. Very many of them have left,
placing their land and property in the hands of
women and assignees. Some of them are at the
North, in Canada, or Europe. Others at the South.
Homefarms are going to decay. Stock has been
driven off across the Ohio. Agriculture is suffering
a blight. There is a very general desire for peace."
Such are some of the results of this great civil war,
as they begin to develope themselves. No wonder
many secretly long for peace, even among those who
are most loudly clamouring for " continuation of the
war to the bitter end."

PR1CE.....—..4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

ought at least to be ready to accept peace on terms
which the South would make by no means onerous

or offensive.

This was in Jane ; but July followed, and with it
an almost complete reverse of fortune. Lee drew
back in confusion ; Grant broke through the Mis-
sissippi barriers ; the South-West was reconquered ;
the siege of Charleston progressed favourably. It
was now for the Republicans to hold their con-
vention, and the mob cheered them as loudly as it
had hailed the peace men of the previous month.
War is drawing to a speedy and happy conclusion,
why should it break short now ? Why should it
not be pushed on to the thorough restoration of the
Union, and the complete emancipation of the slaves ?
In the abstract, no doubt, every American of the
North harbours very strong feelings for the union
of his big country, and for those Abolition prin-
ciples which aim at the removal of the darkest of
stain from its fair banner. Impress them with the
possibility of reconquering all the Southern terri-
tory and of enfranchising the whole negro race, ani,
the mass will follow you, no doubt, unwearied in its
exertions, and regardless of sacrifices. But can the
conviction of the feasibility of that great scheme of
restoration and emancipation really strike deep root?
Behold ! the Government was in some measure com-
mitted to it. The President's proclamation, his de-
cree of emancipation, confiscation, &e., have laid the
views and plans of the Government very openly
before the public. The " rebel" land was to be mili-
tarily occupied—subjected to martial rule, doing
away with the right of property of the present
owners, manumitting slave labour, and reorganising
free labour under Government superintendence.
Specious as the scheme seemed to many of the
sanguine Republicans, it, however, struck many as
not only monstrously inhuman and barbarous, but
also most supremely chimerical and impracticable.
laoAtnfiawentmhayseppteople were disposed to look upon that procla-
mation of the President's as a mere brutum fulmen—
nwe
ht
oa
let hhdv
erei
nesr
tagnrtmtu,
Washington,
destructive
hvtvnaeeotrp
several
mat
eeorsvetsebayitse:hucl
rawamenr
.erermi
members
odbssoeti
tprnrosptofooon
tfseghext
opposed
remon-
strances leaders
clot
di a ootebnhuri
se.
understoodstrancseWaslyGeaanostd point-blank questions were addressed

to the President on the subject. Hence his letter
dated " Executive Mansion, Aug. 26," in which,
although he shifts his ground and wriggles about
with a lawyer's dexterity, he gives us, nevertheless,
clearly to understand that the war is to be followed
up to the bitter end.
Notwithstanding all the President's letters, and
notwithstanding the shouts and cheers with which
the wild effusions of Republican orators were re-
ceived at Springfield the other day, we must not
believe that the war party is very strong in these
Western States, or that the notion of "exhausting
the North to lay waste the South" finds many
hearty supporters here. So long as success crowns
the efforts of the Federal armies, so long as hopes
can be entertained that three, six months at the
utmost, may bring about the termination of the
strife, the people here endure and wait. But let us
only hear, for instance, that the siege of Charleston
has to be raised, or that Lee has been successful in
a new raid across the Potomac, and you will soon
hear the cry of the Springfield Democratic Conven-
tion of last June set up again. The common mass
follows here the impulse of every breeze, and its
leaders, when they are not ambitious adventurers
without principles, are empty-pated fanatics whose
principles are as unsteady as those of the multitude
they presume to control.
I hope you will not charge me with exceeding
conceit if I declare to you my conviction that there
is very little political sense among party leaders
in this mighty Republic. The question of negro
slavery in the South was a very serious and painful
one at all times ; but that any one should propose
to solve it by the extermination of the whole of the
white, and the no less unavoidable extinction of the
whole of the black race is something that baffles all
the comprehensive powers of an nn-American mind.
Yet that is what many repeat here daily with un-
abashed asseverance, and it must be hard but some
of them do really mean what they say.
The work of extermination, to whatever extent
it may ultimately be carried, is, while we are here
discussing, being hurried on with mad fury in the
South-West. I gave you in my last letter an extract
describing the deplorable condition to which New
Orleans and Louisiana have been reduced since
they fell into Yankee hands ; I have to-day to add
the following few lines:—
At this season of the year the population of New Or-
leans is ordinarily 150,000 souls. In winter, during the
busy season, it reaches near 250,000. It is now but little
one. It is true
over 60,000, if the soldiers are left out of.ptahsetco. uunte.r
tWraitehinin
the past few days there has been an apparent revival of
business, owing to the arrival of the I:alkkionfg.GdueneearlalolwOarndc'es
command, the 13th army corps. But,
for the season, and other present circumstances, there are
evidences on every hand that the great commercial im.,
p theo r t
greatan ce of
staples, th e i T
cottonis a
nthingud souf g a
rt
that some apparently successful experiments in sugar
culture have been made, and at the proper time some sugar
may be looked for; but the area devoted to these expe-
riments is comparatively very small. Both sugar and cot-
ton will for a year or two come to Now Orleans in drib-
lets, where they formerly came in floods. Then, again, the
e trade
e may b
buyers
expected'
has
be en
trade with the West Indies is gone, and cannot be recovered
for a long time. This is one of the calamities which was in-
flicted on the West and South West by the closing of the
Mississippi river navigation. Now that the river is again
open,th a
is resumption
eemployed.of
Tthhee
at wholen attention of but it must be a work of time. The shipping necessary is
erw
turned elsewhere, and will not immediately revert to former
channels. Trade restrictions, moreover, must be removed
before receiving and forwarding can be conducted in a legi-
timate and prosperous way.
o
We may see by this that the evil wind of the war,
which has blown so much good to New York, has
done no such good turn for New Orleans ; and the
calamity was inflicted on the West no less than on
the South West. Push on the war to the bitter end ;
crush the white race in, the slave-holding States,
and set the negro free. We shall see how long a
time it will take before the recolonization of those
desolate territories, and the reorganisation of the
labour of " freed men working on compulsion," make
up for he losses and calamities inflicted not less
upon e North-Westerners who fought so stoutly
for the Union as upon the South-Westerners who
were bent upon its dissolution.
There are not a few persons about me who take
this view of public affairs. The solid well-being of
the country is to be sacrificed in pursuit of an ab-
stract notion of philanthropy'. The happiness of the
whites must succumb, not only with no hope of im-
proving, but with the certainty of impairing the
condition of the blacks. The slaveowners, whatever
may be said, were not the bitterest enemies of the
negro. The prejudices of the Northerners against
the African race were far more fatal to the few free
blacks that lived among them than even the over-
seer's whip whichkept them to their task in the
South. This Western State of Illinois is in such
matters no better than it should be. It is perfectly
amazing to road among its statutes, statutes which
cannot be older than 40 or 50 years, such barbarous
enactments as the following—" No person of colour,
negro or mulatto, of either sex, shall be joined iu
marriage with any white person male or female, in
this State ; and all marriage or marriage contracts
entered into between such coloured person and white
person, shall be null and void iu law; and any per-
son marrying or contracting to marry shall be liable
to pay a fine, he whipped in not exceeding thirty-
nine lashes, and he imprisoned DO less th,:n one
year." This perfect gem of mediaeval jurisprie"
dente, especially if we take into consideration the
corporal punishment, bears no earlier date than that
of the constitution of Illinois, in 1810. It was
brought forward for discussion before both houses
of the State Legislature as late as 1847 by men who
wished to wash the statute book of such illiberal
provisions, but the wise majority of Illinois free
citizens ruled that the law was very well es it was,
and should suffer no change. Surely a man need
not be a anxious for the amalgamation of races as

THANKSGIVING FOR THE HARVEST.

The Bishop of Rochester has addressed the fol-
lowing letter to the Archdeacons of Essex, Colches-
ter, and Rochester with St. Albans, is his
lordship's diocese ;—.

" Danbury Palace, Sept. 19, 1863.
"My dear Archdeacon,—lt has been generally expected
that the great and good harvest which have been permitted
to gather in would have been followed by a Royal command
for the use of an appropriate form of thanksgiving through-
out the churches. The adverse weather which has embar-
rassed our agriculturists in many places has, I presume,
rendered such a general procedure unsuitable. If it be so,
a deeper gratitude becomes us, because we have been more
favoured than our fellow-countrymen in other parts. I ant
unwilling to pass by the special mercy we have received,
teheoiunggha
that a
tphpee avlo rcoem. fmt
hk on tghi ev
isubjectas
beenis scarcelyheai heard
nalreadys
in so many churches of the diocese. A local paper, now be-
fore me, has a whole page full of these proceedings. In such
reports I witness with unfeigned pleasure the result of the
conferences between the laity and clergy of 1861, when har-
vest-homes were considered (amongst other matters), and it
was agreed to promote them to the extent of our power. The
kindly spirit which is generated by these gatherings, and the
cordial sympathy which is stirred up afresh between all
classes by the parish harvest-home, is very cheering. I de-
sire to express, through you, my thanks to the laity and
clergy for what has been done in this way ; and I would ask
you to invite any one who have not yet adopted a similar
course to make some public acknowledgment forthwith in
their churches of the mercy of God, to preach on the occa-
sion (whether on the Lord's day or a week day they will
decide best), and to command a thank offering in testimony
of what is felt. I do not desire to specify any particular
appropriation of the collection or effertory. Already with
the concurrence of the clergy, and partly at their oan sug-
gestion, I have asked them, as you know, to promote an-
nually in their churches a spring and an autumn collection
for a home and a foreign object. The result of that measure
has been very gratifying. lam very sensible of the kind
exertions which have given much success to the scheme.
Moreover, the diocesan societies and the parent societies in
London have acknowledged these services on the part of the
clergy in most marked and cordial terms. I leave it then to
my brethren individually to determine with their parishion-
gceosmamteßndocthheesmtesre,lvCehsasthfroanmg,lyChtoelmmysforde.
the gaol), and similar institutions in our
parishion-
ers how the gatherings shall be appropriated, and will only
add (as a suggestion) that-1. The public hospital in each
of the three counties of the diocese ; 2. The Eastern Conn.
ties Asylum for Idiots and Imbeciles at Colchester ; and 2.
e receptacles for the charity of the diocese
time, Beseeching Beseeching Almighty God, for His Son's
abroad amongst us a lively spirit of thankful-
ness°el:l:forbearance and love, and to awaken all to live
for His glory while their day yet last, I remain,
J. C. ROCTIESTER%"
Archdeacon, your affectionate brother and friend,
sitaagmoT(
ntitankhhytrdhedeec
o:erwfFapetoril
osaoareirrremakesglisp:aeoplinie.

mhemsaadyes
MR. KINoLAIE'S ADMISSION OF HIS OWN
but what impres-
upon the rest of the book ?
ERRORS I—ln a preface to the 4th edition of his " History
What (properly) historical errors have owed their correc-
tion to the vigilance of the periodical press? They are as
follows Garan' should be ' Gagarin ;' Captain Schanz'
should be Captain Schaw ;" Luxmore' should be 'Lux-
moore ;' Bisset' should bo Bissett ;" Woolcombe' should
oeifetehehasCrpimubeanue
cWriatirc,i's'
be Woolocombe ;" Montagu' should be Montague.' "
INJURIOUS ACTION OF LEAD PIPES ON WATER,
The importance of discovering a really efficient
means of preventing the injurious action of lead pipes on
water is universally acknowledged, and the experiments of
of Dr. Crace-Calvert have proved beyond question that no
proposition hitherto brought forward has been calculated to
remedy the evil complained of. A discovery, however, has
now been made, through which the water supplied by leaden
pipes may be obtained by the consumer as pure as from the
original source. Dr. H. Schwartz, of Breslau, has disco-
vered a means by which the portion of the lead forming the
interior surface of the pipe may be converted into an in-
soluble sulphide ; the natural consequence being that the
water passing through will be as free from contamination
as if glass were used. The means by which Dr. Schwartz
effects this conversion are extremely simple. He simply
passes a strong solution of the sulphide of an alkali through
the pipe to be acted upon, and the process is completed.
This solution, which is either a sulphide of potassium or of
sodium, is used at a temperature of about 212 deg. Fah.,
and is allowed to act upon the metal for from 10 to 15
minutes. It is stated that, in practice, the boiling solution
of caustic soda and sulphur is found to answer every pur-
pose.—Mining Journal.
Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur-
chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s. 4d. and
4s. "High Standard" 48. 4d. (formerly 4s. Sd.), is the
strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every
town supply it in rackets.
[ADVERTISEMENT]. - Holloway's Fills. Vigorous
Health.—All diseases affecting the nervous system arise
from impurities of the blood or vitiated secretions. Hollo-
way
• • cilia are invaluable for removing all poisonous ele-
ments froi the body, and aro famed for curing indigestion,
flatulency anci costiveness, as well as palpitation, pain in
the side, and other morbid feelings. The neuralgic pains at-
tendant on the nervous class of diseases soon yield to these
purifying pills; the sensations of anxiety and alarm daily
diminish under calmsue ; riound sleep sup
hi ersedes nights
and repose displace s deous dreagms.
of watching,
Holloway's pills are the best correctives of tainted breath
and disagreeable tastes in the mouth, theysoo.n clean the
turred tongue, augment the appetite, and invigorate both
body and mind,