The Sun.
London, England, 1863-10-23 00:00:00

Bank of England Return,•—Yesterday.

An Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth Vieto,ll4.
cap. 32, for the week ending on Wednesday, the 21st day
f Oct., 1863:

ISSUE DEPARTMENT.
el 1.015,100
-, cites issued .........a28,577,2i5 Government Debt --i6:34.,00
Gold Coin &Bu
Other Securities • •
pion , '
13 927 216
Silver Bullion "" ___.

£28,577,214

£28,577,215

E PARTUX74I'
Government Seed'
tio (including
" OreightAn-
Dea X 10,945,363
oultY) •
Other securities 19.986,i 56
Rojas
and6'4l'9'BB°
Silver 7i6,021
Com

oprietors' CETI-
; al £14,553,000
Rest
Public Deposits (in-
cluding Exche-
quer, Savings'
Banks, Commis-
mi ssioners of Na-

tional Debt, and

Dividend Ac-
counts) 4.437.05
Other Deposits 1b,271,282
Seven Day and 747,101
other Bills
c 33.149,723
M. 3
Oct. 22, 1863.

£38,149,M
RSIIALL, Chief Cashier,

wiIPPING—T his Day.

3a;dly,ind this day at noon—North.
tine weather.
weift 71 i°gNh't bOrecitel.72,E tE c
TRIC TELEGRAM'.
The Eaat India PLYMOUTH, Friday Morning.
anti London Shipping Company's screw
steamship Golden Fleece, Commander Bird, which left
Gravesend on Tuesday,
nesday, at 7 C. 10., at 2 p.m., passed the Nore on Wod -
and the Wight on Thursday, at 6 a.m.;
was off Plymouth at 6 the same evening in a dead calm.
under full steam, bound to Madras and Calcutta.
She has a ful general cargo, and 118 passengers, among
whom there are, for the Cape of Good Hope, Major Lord
Richard H. Browne, 96th Regiment; Sir Percy Donglas
and family, Captain Neil and family, and several other
Military officers.

(BY MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH.)
GRAVENEND, Friday Morning.
Arrived, Oct. 22—Adelaide, trom Minorca; Minstrel
Boy, from Nyland; Windermere, from Quebec; Cruiser
and Nautilus, from Cronstadt.

DEAL, Friday Morning.
Passed, Oct. 22—Gustave Wasa, screw steamer, from
west, for London.
Passed—Dublin' screw steamer, for Bordeaux; Tantiv,
for Falmouth—both from London; MelbAnne Trader, from
Shields, for Plymouth.
Anchored—Fockalin, schemer, from Shields, fur China.

THE WESTERN STATES.

;From the Special Correspondent of the Times.)
CINCINNATI, 01110, Oct. 7.

On . Saturday last I had a curiosity to see one of
the great monster meetings preliminary to the elec-
tier% o f the Governor of the State of Ohio, which is
to take place on the second Tuesday of this month,
the 13th.

I had attended not a few political reunions, in
olden times, on my first visit to the United States,
in earliest youth, especially in the New England
Stat es, where I resided. I have a distinct recollec-
tion of -caucases, conventions, and other party
e.at'aerings, where I had to force my Way through a ,
theong of closely-packed men, under the roof of
some music hall, or Dissenting meeting-house, and
where a stern, vinegar-faced stump orator was
holding forth before an audience fully as earnest, as
firm, of purpose, as business-like as himself. Those
uncouth and crabbed, but high-minded Yankees
brought into politics not a little of the religions
seriousness which characterised their old Puritan
faith. Narrow-minded and fanatic they might be,
but they went to Work with a sober determination,
with a steadiness of will which impressed the
looker-on, forcibly, and commanded respect.
It war, a very different kind of spectacle that I
was invited to witness the other day. I was driven
six railes out of town to a place named Carthage, in
the open country, the mere embryo of a straggling
oe, a spot only famed for its racecourse, and a
very stately county lunatic asylum. Few towns on
this side of the Atlantic boast a more charming
reighbourhood than Cincinnati. The wide circle of
hills which encompass the city, and which I remem-
ber seeing mantled with luxuriant green more than
a quarter of a century ago, has, indeed, been
stripped of its original beauty, quarries of good
building stone and clay for bricks have been found
.here and there, and the utilitarian people have been
utting and grubbing round the place till it looks
bare and bleak, glaring and dusty, like the most
atil district in Provence or Palestine. Beyond the
first hilly range, however, the landscape retains not
a little of its soft, verdant, original character, and
at Carthage, no less than at Clifton, Spring Grove,
and other favoured localities, nature, unscathed by
man's -work, shows forth in her loveliest apparel.
The day was bright and fresh at Carthage, as days
usr,auy are at the present season in this part of the
-cc orld, the gorgeous autumn tints peculiar to the
North American continent fLshed vividly in the
sunshine, and the purity of the air, unsurpassed by
anything that can be seen in the most gifted Me-
diterranean climates, filled the soul with irresistible
gladness.

Tho meeting of Saturday was intended to be the
grand effort of the Republican party, the great be-
speak for Brough, Anderson, and the rest of that
" ticket:, the coup de grace for Vallandigham, Pugh,
and all the Democratic platform. It was, properly
speaking, the Cincinnati meeting, and was held out
of town, simply because it was thought that the
city could afford no space sufficient to contain so
mighty an assemblage as could not fail to answer
the momentous appeal. From early morning to late
afternoon the wards of the city kept pouring out in
long py processions through all its wide avenues.
I was on the ground between two and three, at the
very moment in which the interest of th© transac-
C,on was expected to culminate, and excitement to
rise to fever heat.

The political meeting at Carthage reminded me of
a Derby day at Epsom, only of a somewhat shabbier
character, with a dash of an Italian masquerade and
carnival frolic in it. The fair sex considerably out-
numbered the lords of creation, and Young America
mustered nearly as strong as the adult generation.
There were huge triumphal cars, heavy boats, and
pontoons on wheels, drawn by four, five, and even
ten pairs of good well-fed horses, with an endless
Hatter of flaunting flags, monstrous devices, a din
of fife, trumpet, and drum, and the endless firing of
light and heavy artillery. Pedestrians, horsemen,
hack-carriages, long teams of draught horses, wan-
dered about the trackless turf in every direct ion,
with no apparent purpose, save only the enjoyment
of the open air
,and the jolly company. It was a
fair, a picnic, with cold fowls and veal pies emerg-
ing from capacious hampers, and corks knocked off
the bottles of sparkling Catawba wine. To eat,
drink, and be merry was the great business of the
.political meeting. Here and there, indeed, in a cor-
ner, under the canopy of some huge tree, Mr. Some-
body from Indiana, or Mr. Nobody from Illinois,
eump2d away for vary life. with a cluster of listless
loafers round his extempore platform, pretending
to listen, cheering: occasionally, jeering more fre-
quently ; all this in the midst of the din of discor-
dant music, the rackling fire of great and small guns
and the shrill cries of apple women and venders of
fire-water. For the rest, there were children scjual-
ling, young people flirting, angry men swearing,
drunken men reeling,—all the varieties of a swarm-
ing, bustling crowd, looking for amusement, and
contributing more or less willingly and wittingly
to each other's amusement.

Most of the cars were decked out for show, and
relied for effect no lsehs:wonowfhiiitve,i blue, and red trap-
Pings than and fresh female
beauty. Cartloads of girls, as manyeY as 9O in a single
conveyance, were paraded round and round, to the
'
Sound of merry music • schoolgirls from 10 to 12
Years of age, young girls further advanced in their
texas, rosebuds and roses in full blossom, all gaily
dressed, their faces wreathed in smiles, beamed
upon the delighted male multitude. Attired in
motley colours, bareheaded, bare-necked, with hair
streamingof
themd iaoden their shoulders, begarlanded, some
edFelmeted ; here they were made
to personify .111.
e
white or iatt4 their respective
States, the Northern States in
respective national colours, the
Slave States in
mourning sables. In other groups we
were taught to how
t
olumbia,"
the " union," to
,c'ethe " Goddess of Liberty," to
t`
Death," and a varier to " Peace," to
Transatlantic
other deities in petticoats
only known in this soaftlantic Olympus. Mixed
with the beloved colours
among which Ithe Union were mottoes
and devices,
Relan
noticed at the tail of a
huge cart the two-headed
e the two
Eagle, the em-
blem of the new alliance betw
" Youn g
Giants" of the globe. The largest
car, with the
heaviest freight of young damsels,
sfessed to bring
to muster "soldiers' sweetheart
devices were of a more sombre and Some
of the
truculent Wes
cha-
racter. A hugo piece of ordnance paraded
through the ground with the inscription « The
Cannon our only Peacemaker;" another 1:a bore
the inscription, "Hell, hemp, or Canada for
trai-
tors;" a third bade " these who were discontentedwith Old Abe to leave their country for their c
ou
try's good." Poor Valiandigham was to be seen
here and there suspended on huge gallows in effigy;
hanging and quartering was too good treatment for
him. One car exhibited the same unlucky Demo.
critic candidate in the shape of a huge Guy, a colos-
sal man of straw with a mask, sold to be a very
excellent likeness of the illustrious exile, at which
some zealous Republicans, more than half-seas-
over, kept hacking away with their sabres and
Poking with their bayonets with fell animosity,
to the intense delight of the most clamorous
part of the assembled rabble. The zeal of those
few .fanatics strangely contrasted with the per-
fect serenity of the goodhumoure,d multitude.
The vast majority of the assemblage evidently
took advantage
a of the
a little bit I, poli‘ical occurrence for
of harmless and peaceful holiday-
making. Th
Brough. and eY apparently cared very little for
by the Anderson,marshals of
for whom they were bidden
likewise Very ntotfl the field to cheer ; and they had
ill-will against Vallandigham,
against whom they
people who lecitedyn Were ordered to groan. The
numbered
the meeting as an earnest
affair might he
nv)gnisee_d by hundreds. The tens
el thousands,
Wereulthby the newspapers into
40,000, and 50,000,
the mere purpose of rnalizie , el as it struck me, for
The Republican journals here er'cling the " fu.Q."
mightrr well, on the
following day, descant on tlea)
monstration," " The people enro;Tyrethendons de-
ceia,e;iactator, like
strengchened ree-jesty." To a neutre7l "t
in
all its
ootflikely to
rsself, the whole matter seemed
lees than an egregious, innocent farce' not
more nor
exaaaaeo much' influence on the issUrs
proaching struggle; as little calculated to riew4,r,
11"
the real interests of the befriended Brough its
a-
to
damage the position of the anathemaiizad Na-
landighatn.
With all thie, Lowever, I would rot wieh to be

understood to disparage the strength of the Repub-
lican party, or to question the earnestness of their
zeal in the cause. The meeting of Saterdsy was
merely intended for a fete, or, as they c t it, "gala
day." I have no doubt some of their popular con-
ventions held in other places wer • much more to
the purpose. That the Republicans have the vast
majority of their countrymen with them, and that
they will have a crushing success at the poll on
Tuesday next, I have little reason to question.
There are 500 membsrs at the Cincinnati Stock-
Exchange, and 10 to 1 of them are stanch friends
of the Government and Republicans to the back-
bone. The Enquirer is the only Democratic paper
doing battle against the Gazette, the Commercial,
and the limes all Cincinnati journals, wedded to
the Republican interest, and the proporton of two
to one is observable in all the press of the
State (80) Democratic against 180 or 200 Republican
papers.) Wherever wealth, or even to a great extent
intelligence, is prevalent there you have the strong-
hold of the Government party. Rich people here
have been fattened by the war, and are for war a
l'outrance. Most of the gaudy:cars that were driven
to the show of Saturday were got up at the expense
of contractors, railway companies, &c., to whom this
civil dissension has been for the last three years a
godsend. Over more disinterested and honourable
citizens the idea of the Union exercises a tyrannical
sway, and scarcely allows them the use of their rea-
soning faculties. They are all ready to sacrifice the
last drop of blood and the last dollar for the Union,
and they flatter themselves that they may best ob-
tain
their end by upholding the Government, and
by crushing the South under the weight of an im-
mediate, general, and violent abolition of slavery. It
is of no use to represent to them the utter impracti-
cability, the dire ruthlessless, of so sweeping a
scheme. " Let the Union stand and let the world fall"
is their motto. Perhaps this determination to follow
the war to " the bitter end," to drive the South to
despair, to reject all compromise, may be more fatal
to any chance of the restoration of the Union than a
more humane and conciliatory course might be. But
they will listen to no argument. They must have
Union and emancipation, and the mere suggestion
of a different policy, the mere exposition of demo-
cratic views, is stigmatised as arrant treason.
"We shall go through with it" is the clinching
sentence of the fairest and most sincere Republicans
when they are driven to their wits' end in the dis-
cussion. They do nit dissemble to themselves the
enormous cost, but they have unlimited faith in the
resources of their young community ; but, " when
we have brought back the fourteen Southern States
to their allegiance," they say, " when we have
triumphed over this secession of so vast a division
of the republic, what State or combination of States,
will have a chance of again attempting a dissolution
of partnership ? What fraction will ever rise in re-
bellion against the whole, and run the chances of
so severe a punishment as we are now inflicting on
the Southern traitors ?" And, warming with the
subject, they glory with the assurance that 20 years'
peace will be more than sufficient, not only to heal
the wounds but to efface the very scars of the pre-
sent contest," when the Union," they say, "cemented
by the blood we are now shedding, will acquire so
much consistence at home and so great an ascend-
ancy abroad that not a cannon will be fired in the
Old World without our goodwill and pleasure."
It is to this strange ambition, to this vain lust of
power, that the Union owes its main charm in Ame-
rican eyes. It is this longing to go forth as rulers
that makes these strange people so readily amenable
to the despotic rule that now weighs upon them. It
is this same vague love of empire and dominion that
makes them so tender of the alliance of the Russian
autocrat, and so eager to press the hand which is
stained with the blood of a generous nation
struggling for existence.

For their own part, the Democrats rely on the
support of the lower classes, the mechanics in the
cities, and farm labourers in the country, by whom
the enlistment in the army has been most heavily
felt, and among whom weariness of the unprofitab'e
struggle begins to creep in. At some of the Demo-
cratic meetings held in the rural districts of this
State, the assembled multitude often broke out into
impatient cries of " Peace! Peace before they
were even addressed by the Peace party orator.
'The partisans of Mr. Vallandigham are especially
numerous in the southern counties of this State,
which were originally settled by emigrants from
Virginia, while the northern districts were over-
run by New Englanders. Throughout the whole
range of these Western States—Ohio, Indi,na, Illi-
nois, &c.—the same distincti in between North and
South is equally observable. In the North the
Yankee element prevails and with it Yankee notions,
customs, and principles; the southern zone along the
Ohio river is held by a population sprung from the
adjoining slave States, and is remarkable for its
Southern associations, usages, and predilections.
What most forcibly strikes me, in the meanwhile,

in the midst of this turmoil of party agitation, is the
almost unanimous disgust which seems to prevail
among the wealthy and cultivated classes (irrespec-
tive of their democratic or republican tendencies) of
the popular institutions under which they are living,
and especially of the principle of universal suffrage.
NV all the exception of a few fanatics (to be met with
in a proportion of less than 1 in 100), the most re•
spectable persons are convinced that the pacifica-
tion of the country, if ever and however it may be
achieved, must be followed by a revision of the con-
stitution, and especially by a limitation ofthe right
of vote. The Americans, I may say most conscien-
tiously, are sick of mob rule. They begin to fiet
against an order of things which scared the most
worthy citizens from public life, and gave the man-
agement of State affairs into the hands of the popu-
lace, and of the unprincipled demagogues who minis-
tered to their vilest passions. I found the same feel-
ing equally widespread in the East as in the West,
equally rife in the North and South. The well-to-
do people, the men of cultivation and character, the
inextinguishable aristocracy of the country long for
an opportunity to regain the place they are entitled
to in the community, a place from which their own
remissness and pusillanimity, no less than the sense-
less and brutal principle of absolute equality, had
hurled them. They want the best men to stand fore-
most, and they hope to put an end to a system iu
wnich the highest recommendation for a candidate
is the fact that he is a perfectly obscure individual,
a man against whom no antecedents, good, bad, or
indifferent, can be quoted, a man furnishing no hold
to the unsparing malevolence of partisan warfare.
They wish for an electoral law, based upon the
"sense" of the nation, and long to do away with
that plebiscite, which can centre the vote of millions
u2e°ll_,Et " half-witted fellow" (the expression is of
thWhether the -A ew York Herald—not mine), who comes into
the supreme
are likely to b 0 votes.
ish
999
out
o 10p0ower perfectly unknown to at least
it w.es of those well-meaning patriots
Inn
be
eearried into effect, and to what ex-
tentquestion but that
populace a found practicable to wrench from the
• right of which they
generations, may be a different
session for several have been in posy
widely spread and wishes exist, and that they
ness. Among the lee deeplyutli. rooted, I can bear wit-
indeed, much further, and whom
neian fashion—would
indeed, who would icans there are not a few
iterun3rn.ent"—ie, an irre-
sponsible but a " strop
sponsible despotism iu the
satisfy; but, at all events, thewincensity for a change
preeent civil
is everywhere felt, and this
for future dissensions, should give
opportunities
struggle be satisfactorily terminated.
It is not easy to got at any reliable information
to the position of the armies of the Cumberland as
the Government not only wite holds ell informet'ioas
but strains every nerve to hoodwink and mislead
nublic opinion by all manner of oracular hints and
barefaced false reports. As far as I can make out,
it would seem that General Rosencranz is cut, oft
:torn eerneeunication with hie base of operation at
Nashville, and that Beraside has fencn back from
East Tennessee, and withdrawn as far as Lebanon,
in Kentucky, where a traveller asserts having seen
the bulk of that General's store and ammunition
waggons.
Three more steamers have been consumed by in-
cendiaries at St. Lonis, and one at Milliken's-bent.
The destruction of the latter was attended with
grievous loss of life.
The dissensions in the Cabinet at Washington
lave attained a very eerloas character. The Hon.