The Sun.
London, England, 1830-12-03 00:00:00

will lend no help to such an additional charge upon
;tii, farmer, but stitl.insists on having the same rent.
Thai farmers understand ibis, and so do the la-
pouters.' We roe happy to find, also, that a gentl4-
, loft of the high rank and.vost possessions of Mr.
. ,Par matt has set a just example on the subject.
1
iWII le he requires of the farmers on his estates that
thsti «hall-one and all raise the labourer's wages, he
iltitnielf, as is stated in the local newspapers, has de-
- terttiineil to redoes his rents to the level of 1795
Such measures, m
it extended,' must force a cor-
,
sponding reduction'of taxes, and we like them none
. ,
toe worse for that:— . . ,
~The period (viz, peace) was now arrived for returning
to a more moderate system ; and for : things to resume
theit more natural standard. Accordingly, the price of
labour was reduced ; the exorbitant interest, or rent of
money, which hid been received during the war, could be
, no kinger obtained ; the sources of employment for capital
were!,, coon-acted ; the productions of our manufactories,
of commerce, and of aericuliure, were diminiehed hi
I value; the merchant, the manufacturer, the ship-owner,
the tradesman.--dealers and Speculators—all hail to sus.
tain fleavy losses upon their stores and investments. The
eactit
.. of the, depreciation reached, likewise, the West
India planter, and the English cultivator--corn, cattle,
end :wool—rum, sugar, and cotton, were among the
articles subjected to the general reduction.
!! The price of land was also about to take its level in
the Market, by falling in a due proportion with the agri-
eulttiral productions. This alone was reifuired to restore
the equipoise. ; the reduction of taxes, tithes, and poor-
fotesi must of necessity have followed, to complete the
regcrierated system; sod thus the common evil would
haie been only tranaitery—its universality would hsve
been: its remedy—it would have been subdued by mutual
interchange and mutual interest.—things would have soon
lound their natural level—and the nation would again have
become prosperous in peacti, as it had been glorious in war.
44 But instead of yielding to the current of events—.
inst,id of submitting to the altered circumstances which
the return to a state of peace dernantled—,instead of pru-
dently : lowering their rents in proportion to the reduced
price, of produce,- the- land-owners sought to elude the
geneeal depreciation, by appealing to Parliament for an
exclusive protection. .
. .

" At the risk of reducing London to ashes, and causing
a revolt throughout the nation, they obtained the Corn Bill;
Whetiby they hoped to restore the priceof wheat to 80e. per
quarter, and to perpetuate, in time of peace, the extravagant
rate to which their rents had been raised during the war.
This unwise enactment of the-Parliament—this futile at-
tempt to shield the land-owners from the common effect of
the times—this fatal Corn Bill, has been the sad cause of
the agricultural distress, which has brought ruin upon
theirtenantry, and now threatens to overwhelm the mis-
calculating proprietors themselves. Never, perbrps, was
a more glaring example of short-sighted policy ; whether
successful, or unsuctesaful, its effect
,could only be mis.
chievous

Ii it had been succisaful in establishing a high price
of provisions, it must have depressed many of the labourers
and mechanics (whose wages had been recently reduced)
into paupers, and caused them to be supported by the con-
tributions of the mistaken landowners, for whose benefit
the high rents were to he continued. It must also have
placed multitudes of the lower arid working classes of the
people in the situation of non.emesumers, or non-contri-
butora to the taxes, by disabling them from purchasing
vat ious articles of common use, upon which those taxes
al'e collected ; or, eventually, it meet have preduced a
conviderable increase in the Wages of labour, and, by aug-
menting the price of our manufactures, have prevented the
Ronda of this country from being brought into competition,
in foreign markets, with the goods of other nations.
" In its Allure it has been the cause of ruin to the
flrrmirs. It has exposed them a second time to the evils
of depreciation, and has greatly multiplied the agricultural
grievances, Its enactment deluded the cultivators; for a
short time with the'hope of improved prices, while it
afforded a pretence to their landlords fur demanding the
high and disproportionate rents through several years
longer than the stole of the country and the circumstances
of the times warranted. These payments being made
from their stock, or private property, and not from the
produce of their farms: the cultivators have now to Sustain
their renewed losses under the aggravated severity of ex-
hausted capitals.
If the depreciation of the early days of the peace had
not been dierried 4,41 its natural tendency by the delu-
sory Corn Bilk—if the land-owners, instead of calling for
an exemption from the common evil of the times, had
prudently diminished their rents in proportion to the re.
diced price of farming productions, agriculture, litre com-
merce and roennfactpres, would, long ere this, have been
reviving itoin ha dOectrelailaa, 4nd he country would not
have had to deplore the renewed and multiplied distresses
of 1822.

" No similar means were taken to protect the manufac•
Wrath Merphantst ship-owners, tradesmen, or West India
planters, ageinbt the Oieetti of passing n'om a state of war
to a state of peace. In all that concerned them, thirge
were left to resume their usual and equitable level; nor
will it be my to prove how the country could be benefited.
by grantirig an exclusive:exemption to the landed propri-
etors. The character of soch n meetiare will be weft by
the following 'supposed case, whirl' Is in strict unithrutity
with innumerable examples which actually oCcorred
" Vour capitalists made purchases shortly before the war
coneloded, reel' to the amoent of 100,01V1. The. first
invested his money in Watt India produee; the spend, in
timber for building; the third, in shipping ; mad the
fourth, in lend. On the change to a Male of peace, a
general depreciation took please:and each of the three for-
owe epeculaters was expooeil to a loss. of 401. or 501. per
colt. on his porehese, 4. similar yedgetiort oppuering in
the price of agricultural prpiluce, laps i tvas diminished in
yelue, in the same degree as West India gorilla, timber, and
shipping ; pr, I the lose of the fourth pOrehaser would ne
Cainarily lie preportignitte, ~'4gaipst this eotninon
time neither of the cepttalists could eompialn-reepii had
ebusen,hie venture ,the timep were adverse tp eaeh—and
06 hod f 8 Lade the consequeocee of his own specula-
tion. The CAM Dill ead only have givep relief to one
of the fuer capitelists ; and with equ l Justice might it
lava been a Sugar Bid, or p Paco )3ill, fur the protec-
tino of the West India planter—ram; cotton, end sugar,
being as much minced in value, as corn, wopl, anti cattle
" But:it proves that flies illtdeed enactment of the
l'arthm
ient has entirely failed n its result; for, in tie
spite of this onwitie attempt to keep up the high deice of
agrioultural produce, end, consequently, the high war.
ratite, every article of farming prodection is again reduced
per 44EJ% giOrle, below the etipulated remunerat-
ing price. Yet, in the face of this glaring feet, and in
defiance of the-titter failure of legislative interference, the
I.4olholders again beset the Parliament with loud importo-
oidist for wine new legislative enactment to keep tip the
high price of 'tort; pr, in 'ether words, to effect an
poywibility,in order that they Foil continue to receive,
(hiring., peace, the extravagant rents which they levied Ip
tips a
tips of : a new Corn new inetl4l of strik
,
it% the average-pelt tax on foreign grain—a, reduction of
the emoted taxes, eiteh, fn its torn is called for—any
thing, In ilhort, hat the., very plain ar.pi elipppriate re.
aunty ef,e-redueing the rents.
" It has been assert II that the Corn Bill was calculated
to benefit the tenant equally as the landlord ; but this is
alert illusion ; .for it eau make no.diffennee to the farmer
whether prices ho high or low, provided the rent awl other
out .goings be proportionute; all be requires ie, Matrices
Mould be steady, and afford:i 'enumerating profit for his
hihouv arid the employment of his capital if his takes-
eery espouses he moderate, and the price of his produce
inoderete, he is not in a worse condition than if the price
of firming productions lie high, and !lie outgoing. high
Proportam. The great evil at present Is, that the due
Gamow its fog, produce being extremely low, 'while the
rent and all expenses of production are excessively
high ; and this is, in tiutb, the inunediate or direct cause
of the severe agrieultut al distress,"e!..l7e,es,
The nsw Lord Chancellor luta intimated to the
Archbishop of Cwiterbury his intention to be di-
rected by the recommendefjens of the Bishops, in
the distribution .or alt preferments faliing under his
gift in respectiVe dioeetee under two hundred
pounds per annum, .- This reltnqulshment of pa-
tronage on the' 'part of Lord Brougham bears, no
doubt, an air of 'great magnanimity and disintereet•
editete; hut it it a measure which we shall bovery
slow to applaud, however disposed we may be to.
vonstrue favourably the Merlts'Of -tha'eminent pet-
,on from Whom' it emanates. What, we demand,
hove the Bishops done to entitle them at Lord
Brutigham's hands to this boon.? Does he indelge
the fund hope that any latgeos j i his power to bee
stow could conciliate for him the roeuthers of that
ellueek, whom the whole previous tenor of his
copilupt. b3s and revolted ?
the Llishops ever forting; Op intrepid ReplesentatiVe
of the People who exposed dim 40400 Wisappro:
priations, for most part made with their .pght Ater
verendconnivano or acquiescence,of the various funds
destined throughout thecuuntry to education and other
eharitahle use.; or is it on the individuals so deeply int-
plirated as a holy in those fraudful epecUlntions,