The Sun.
London, England, 1830-07-12 00:00:00

ships of war, and the military and naval arsenals stored
with arms and ammunition, fell into our hands on Ws
memorable day. I received these details from the

Captain of the Sphynx, who left Algiers on the evening of
the sth, and had just arrived.
Intelligence from Algiers to the 2d communicates the
following :—" We learn that on the Ist instant, Fort
Emperor was battered in and carried. On the same
day, a squadron under Reae Admiral Rosamel, composed
of frigates of the first class, laid themselves at broadsides
in the bay of Algiers, on the side of Barbazonne, and
cannonaded that fort as well as the batteries of the
suburbs, during the attack of Fort Emperor. On the
2d, operations commenced against the town, the squadron
still continuing to fire broadsides; and, it appears, that the
ramparts were completely swept by the balls from the ft igates.
It is said provisions beginning to fail, a sedition broke out
among the populace ; that the Moors and the Arabs de-
clared they would not sacrifice their lives and their pro_
perty for the Turks, and that the Turks themselves hoped
by capitulation to save their private wealth, which they
would take with them, and pass into the service of the Sul.
tan. The Dey himself was not without apprehension as to
the fate that might await him if he made a rash resistance.
These intestine divisions, the tremendous play of the
batteries, which were expected to make a breach in the
course of the first day, and the continued cannonade of
the squadron combined, sufficiently account for the prompt
submission of Algiers.
A most deplorable event was unhappily mingled with
the exultation' of victory. We learn that on the 29th
June a-whole batallion was almost entirely cut to pieces
by a horde of Bedouins, at the moment when their corn-
mender, believing himself covered by other corps, had
ordered his men to take their muskets to pieces and elm
them.

The Journal du Commerce says, " Will the occupa-
tion of one of the finest portions of the African continent,
opening immense sources of wealth, and a way for the
prcific conquests of commerce and civilization, be envied'
and despised? Can it be so with any degree of justice?
Delivered by the sole efforts of our arms from the scourge
which has been inflicted upon them for four centuries,
are not the nations of Europe bound by equity and
gratitude to leave us in the enjoyment of this reward for
so great a service?"

Extract of a letter of the 28th ult., from Sidi Ferruch :
—" The day before yesterday there was a strong breeze,
with a heavy sea, that caused great injury to the convoy.
Four brigs and several boat have been lost."

Five per Cents. 10bf. 105f.;105f. be., 10b
104,f. 80e.

Four per Cent". 99t
Three per Cents 72f., 78f. 85c, 75c., 80c. 75c. 70e.
65c. 60c. 50c. 55c.

nettles de Naples, 87f. 10e. 5e., 801. 901. 801.
Retain d'Espugne, 15f. 14i.
Royal Spanish Loan, 84g.
Remo Perpetuelle d'Eapagne, 74.1 •
Exchange on London at one month, paper, 261. 110 e. ;
money, 251. 45c. ; three months, paper, 251. Sse. ;
money, 251. SOc.

Extract of a letter of Saturday night:—." M. Monthel,
the Minister of Finance, after having wavered a good deal,
and even insisted upon a person being appointed in his
place, has at length determined upon remaining."

By the Flanders Mail, which arrived this
morning, we have received German and Brussels
Papers to the 10th inst. The Brussels Papers
contain little domestic intelligence, except long
accounts of the proceedings of the Provincial
Assemblies to elect Deputies to the Second
Chamber of the States-General.

We lately inserted in The Sun the Report
of the Metropolitan Commissioners in Lunacy,
made to the Home Secretary on the Ist July,
1829, and ordered by the House of Corn-
mons to be printed on the 15th inst., nearly a
year after its date I The Commissioners are of
great individual respectability, and we doubt not,
anxious honestly to discharge a painful duty,
which the public are their debtors for having un-
dertaken ; at the same time we freely confess the
perusal of their Report has not afforded the
satisfaction we had anticipated. The Report
seldom descends to particulars ; we learn from it,

however, that the Commissioners have licensed
thirty-eight lunatic establiihments in their dis-
trict, and that the number of patients, from the
Ist August, 1828, to the Ist May, 1829, re-
mained nearly stationary, the numbers at the
former period having been 2,047, and at the
latter 2,048. The total number of cures within
the same period is stated at only 169, a propor-
tion which argues but little in favour of the
medical treatment of this unhappy class of per-
sons, and, of course; as little in favour of that
class of 'Doctors, who modestly announce. the
treatment of insanity to be their " line of prac-
tice." The Commissioners, indeed, appear to
he very much of this opinion, since the Report
says, " The number of patients either cured or
" materially relieved is so small, compared with
,‘ the total number of those under confinement,
" as to strengthen our own Observations of the
" imperfection of the present system, so far as it
" is connected with restoration to reason, of

" those who may be justly considered capable of
4( recovery ;" and then proceeds to account for,
or excuse, the melancholy fact, on grounds that

hardly warrant their conclusions.
The Report speaks in favourable terms of the
conduct of the proprietors and managers of
Lunatic Asylums, and their disposition " to
place them on a better system," but we are not
told by whom they are kept, what were the abuses,
or how they have been remedied. The Commis-
sioners state that they have found it necessary to
obtain the sanction of the Secretary of State to
the revocation of one licence and the discontinu-
ance of another, "after having strongly intimated
" the necessity of correcting great irregularitiesl
" in the management, and of improving Me
g, condition of the patients;" and seem to admit
that the disposition "to place them on a better
" system" proceeds rather from a dread of their
authority, than any disposition of tie parties
themselves, since the Commissioners say, cg tee
" have good grounds for believing Mat these
i 4 instances of ''severity have excited sufficient
(1 attention to justify our opinion of their im-
" portance in creating in all those connected
with, or interested in, these establishments,
" the greatest desire to conduct them in the best
" manner."

After the exposures of the various enormities
practised in Lunatic Receptacles, the tone and
meagreness of the Report certainly excites some
feeling of surprise,—the Commisbioners, how-
ever, gentlemen in station, feelings, and habits, may
be naturally averse to employ terms of harshness,
even when merited ; and the same feeling, with-
out . .
any imputation on their mtegruy or talents,
may subject them to imposition by the generality
of keepers, whose establishments they visit.; since
they who can brutally tyrannize over the afflicted
when placed in their power, will seldom scruple
to cringe to, or, if practicable, deceive those to
whose authority they feel themselves subjected.
As the Commissioners enter into no detail of the
present conduct pursued in Lunatic Receptacicg,
we shall adduce some instances of what has
taken place, from authorities as little to

be questioned as their own, and if, in the short
space between the passing of the Act of 9th
GEO. IV., and making their Report, they have
really brought the conduct of Lunatic Asylums
to the state which the generality of readers will be
likely to conclude.from its perusal, we think the
public will agree with us, that they have per-
formed little less than a miracle.
The atrocities committed in the York Lu-
natic Asylum, brought before the public
by the intervention of the late Archbishop
and some of the county Magistrates, was one
, ar •
of tne first, steps towards exposing the' prac-
tices pursued in these dens of misery. To
bring the .subject;" however, iiearer home to a
large proportion of our readers, we shall turn to
Bedlam Hospital, and cite some of the many in-
stances of abuse committed in that establishment.
One of the witnesses examined before the
Committee of the House of Commons in 1815,
after explaining the impediments interposed to
gaining admittance to the Hospital, (for which
there seem to have been very cogent reasons,)
states, that on the 2d May he was introduced
by ROBERT CALVERT, Esq., accompanied by
C. C. WESTERN, M.P. for Essex, and few
other Gentlemen, and then proceeds with the
following painful details:—
" At this visit, attended by the steward of the hospital
and likewise by a female keeper, we first proceeded to visit
the women's galleries : one of the side rooms contained
about ten patients, each chained by one arm or leg to, the
wall ; the chain allowing them merely to stand up by the
bench or form fixed to the wall, or to sit down on it. The
nakedness of each patient was covered by a blanket-gown
only; the blanket-gown is a blanket firmed something
like a dressing-gown, with nothing to fasten it with in
front; this constitutes the whole covering; the feet even
were naked. One female in this side room, thus chained,
was an object remarkably striking ; she mentioned her
maiden and married names, and stated that she had been
a teacher of languages ; the keepers described her as a very
accomplished lady, mistress of many languages, anti cor-
roborated her account of herself. The Committee can
hardly imagine a human being in a more degraded and
brutalizing situation than that in which I found this le-
male, who held a coherent conversation with us, anti was
of course fully sensible of the mental and bodily condition
of those wretched beings, who, equally without clothing,
were closely chained to the same wall with herself, una •
ware of the necessities of nature, some of them, though
they contained life, appeared totally inanimate and uncon-
scious of existence."--" Many of these unfortunate women
were locked up in their cells, naked and chained on straw,
with only one blanket for a covering."
Again :

" In the men's wing in the side room six patients were
chained close to the wall, five handcuffed, and one locked
to the wall by the right arm as well as by the right leg ;
he was very noisy; all were naked, except as to the
blanket-gown or a small rugon the shoulders, and without
shoes; one complained much of the coldness of his feet;
one of us felt them, they were very cold. The patients in
this room, except the noisy one, and the poor lad with cold
feet; who was lucid when we saw him, were dreadful
idiots; their nakedness and their mode of confinement,
gave this room the complete appearance of a dog-kennel."
Whilst looking at some of the bed-lying patients, a
man arose naked from his bed, and had deliberately and
quietly walked a few paces from his cell door along the
gallery; he was instantly seized by the keepers, thrown
into his bed, and leg-locked, without enquiry or observa-
tion : chains are universally substituted for the strait-
waistcoat. In the men's wing. were about
.75 or 76
patients, with two keepers and aneassistant, and about the
same number of patients on the women's side; the patients
were- in no way distinguished from each other as to
disease, than as those who were not walking about or
chained in the side rooms, were lying stark naked upon
straw on their bedsteads, each in a separate cell, with a
single blanket or rug, in which the patient usually lay
huddled up, as if impatient of cold, and generally chained
to the bed place in the shape of a trough; about one-fifth
were in this state, or chained in the side rooms."
The case of the unfortunate NORRIS is not

likely to be soon forgotten, and has already ap-
peared in our columns, but believing that the
prisons of the Inquikition or of DON MIGUEL
were never disgraced by any thing more atrocious,
we again quote it :
" stout iron ring was rivetted round his neck, from
which a short chain passed to a ringmade to slide upwards
or downwards on an upright massive iron bar, more than
six feet high, inserted into the well. Round his bady it
strong iron bar about two inches wide was rivetted; on
each side the bar was a circular projection, which being
fastened to and enclosing each of his arms, pinioned them
close to his sides. This waist bar was secured by two
similer bars, which passing over his shoulders, were
rivetted to
,the waist bar both before and behind. The
iron ring round his neck was connected to the bars on his
shoulders by a double link. From each of these bars
mother short chain passed to the nog on the upright iron
bar. We were informed he was enabled to false himself,
so as to stand against the wall, on the pillow of his bed,
in the trough bed in•which he lay ; but it was impossible
for him to advance from the wall in which the iron bar is
soldered, on account of the shortness of his chain., which
were only twelve inches long. It was, I conceive, equally
out of his power to repose in any other position than on
his back, the projections which on each side of the waist
bar inclosed his arms, rendering it impassible fur him to
lie on his side, even if the length of the chains from his
neck and shoulders would permit it ; his right leg was
chained to the trough, in which he had remained thus en-
caged and chained more than twelve years. To prove the
unnecessary restraint inflicted on this unfortunate man, he
informed us that lie had fur some years been able to with-
draw his arms from the manacles which encompassed
them. He then withdrew one of them, and observing an
expression of surprise, he said, that when his arms were
withdrawn he was compelled to rest them on the edges of
the circular projections, which was more painful than
keeping them within. His position, we were informed.
was mostly lying clown, and that us it Was inconvenient
to raise himself and stand upright, he very seldom did so ;
that he read a great deal of books of all kinds, history,
lives, or any thing that the keepers could get him ; the
newspaper every day, anti conversed perfectly coherent on
the passing topics and the events of the war, in which
be felt particular interest. On each day that we saw him
he discoursed coolly, and gave rational and deliberate
answers to the different questions put to him. The whole
of this statement relative to William Norris was confirmed
by the keepers. On Wednesday, the '7th June, when we
again visited Betblem, we discovered that all the male
patients who were then naked and chained to their beds
in their cells, were in that situation by way of punish-
went for misbehaviour, and not from disease."

The above are mere extracts from the minutes
of evidence as to the treatment of lunatic pa.
dents at the old Bedlam Hospital (New Bedlam
we have the satisfaction of believing is at pre-
sent under better regulations, thanks to these
exposures); but it is always to be remembered,
that Bedlam was, and is, under the superin-
tendence of Governors little inferior in character
or station to the Commissioners whose report is
now before us, and individually as little to be
suspected of wilfully sanctioning abuse ; and if
'under such circumstances such disgraceful atro•
cities could be committed, how little real and

permanent benefit can be relied upon from the
labours of a set of gentlemen, however respec-
table, who have thirty-eight establishments un-
der their visitation,—more particularly if they
should hereafter be succeeded by persons less zea-
lous in the cause of humanity ; or that the public
mind, and consequently theirs, should become
less alive to the abuses committed by those who
undertake the charge of the insane, in which
case the professional members of the comtnission
would soon become the only acting visitors, and
the public well know the little benefit derived
from mere medical visitation. Until some means

_ -
shall be afforded by law for subjecting lunatic re-
ceptacles to a more severe and public visitation,
and some means provided by which persons im-
properly confined may bring their cases before a
public court of justice, no permanent and effec-
tual security against abuse can be obtained. The
instances of abuse in private receptacles are not
less flagrant than those we have instanced in old
Bedlam ; but we have neither time nor space at
present to detail them.

THE FUNDS.-(THIS DAY.)

CITY, TWELVff 0' CL 0 CK.
A French Paper, received by the mail this morning,
has the following second edition :
" The siege of the Emperor's Castle has been pursued
since the 27th with much activity: the arrangements of
the Commander-in-Chief are such as will have ultimate
success beyond doubt. The Algerines defend themselves
like men in despair; and the atrocious conduct of the
Dey, in causing all the members of the Divan to be de-
capitated, has only inspired momentary terror. The
greatrst confusion prevails in the city every day; a new
insurrection will break out ere long, and Algiers will be
taken."

Letters from Spain state that an insurrection has broken
' out in several parts of the country, in the mountains of
Ronda: a band of 300 men has declared for Don Carlos.
The Governor of Gibraltar, informed of these movements,
has formed a military cordon in the neighbourhood of
San floche. This and the new conscriptions have thrown
Madrid into the greatest uneasiness.
Jamaica Papers to the 2d June have been received at
the North and South American Coffee-house. The fol-
lowing is from the paper of the Ist of June :—" It was
reported in town yesterday, on the authority of letters re-
ceived by his Majesty's ship Victor, from Santa-Martha,
that General Bolivar had actually embarked on board
the Marmon frigate, with the intention of taking a pas.
sage to this island. We took some pain, to ascertain the
correctness of this report, hut could only learn that the
Liberator was met at Barauguilla, on his way to earths-
gene, supposed with the intention of embarking in the
first British vessel of war for Jamaica, which we sincerely
trust he will reach with safety, as we do not consider his
life secure for an hour among an ungrateful people, in
whose cause he has sacrificed every thing."
Liveitroor., JULY 10.—The imports of Cotton this
week are again large, being 32,554 bags ; and the sales
are also extensive, reaching 26,036 bags, including 5,000
American and 1,000 Pernams, taken on speculation at an
advance of fully I. per lb. In consequence of the duty
on Sugar being reduced 3 per cent. a good deal of
busi-
ness has been done this week in British Plantation Sugar
—upwards of 1,000 Wills. have been sold at a decline on
our lust quotations of Is. to Is. 6d. per cwt. ; the planter
thus nearly dividing the reduction with the grocer. In
Indigo there is little doing, but the prices are steady.
THE FUNIMi.
There are still some doubts in the city of the surrender
of Algiers to the French, owing to no further particulars
haviag arrived, but we have seen a gentleman arrived yes-
terday from Boulogne, who states that the telegraphic de-
spatch was received there from Paris previous to his de-
parture, and preparations were making there to announce
the ab,,ve event through the town ; therefore there can be
no doubt of its surrender, and the second edition of the
Paris Paper prepares the public for that event.
The estefette kern Paris this mot ning brings the Rentes
Three per Cents. 79e. Sof. ; Console opened at the same
price they left off on Saturday 94 for the Account, since
which they have lowered to 9Si sellers, and 94 fol. the
next Account.

Nothing doing as yet in the Foreign Market.
ENGLISH FUNDS
Bank Stock, 217% 1534 35 per Cent. 100% % '
India Stock, 241% 3% 3% per Cent. new, 101 %
3 per Cent. Cons. 921 i% 4 per Cent. 1929, 105% %
Do. for Accot.nt, 93 h India Bonds 86 1.17
Ditto Reduced, W 2% Exchequer Bills. SI 61 .
' FOREIGN FUNDS.
Greek, 39 %
Mexican, 31 34
Peruvian, 23% 4
Portuguese, 60% 61%
Prussian,
Russian 11034 11
Spanish, 18% %
TWO O'CLOCX.
(From the Jamaica Papers received this morning.)
EXTRAOIWINARY NM:SIMMS AT THE BAHAMAS...—.
The proceedings of the Governor of the Bahama islands, in
relation to some recent slave trials, are of a nature to interest
vitally all the colonies, if this precedent be recognised by
any other West Indian Governor. Nassau, the capital of the
Bahamas, 'is divided into two parties, the office holders
and the office planters, and the country is very poor.
Lord Rolle is proprietor of some three hundred to
400 slaves. Ilia Lordship's agent is Mr. Lees, one of
the Legislative Council. These slaves have long been in a
dissatisfied state. A short time ago they resisted the Pro-
vost Marshal-General, and the Government were com-
pelled to enforce the law by a detachment from the army.
Forty-four of these glares embarked in a boat belonging to
their master; they said they were on their way to Nassau
when they were chased into that port, and were going to
make complaints to the Governor. These slaves were then
committed to gaol, and Mr. Lee waited on the Governor,
stating that these slaves had no cause of complaint, and
their . offence was submitted to the Magistrates, who
considering it a misdemeanour, tried them and sen-
tenced them to be whipped. The Governor, however,
thought it expedient to remove Mr. Lee from the Council,
and to supersede the Magistrates who tried the slaves.
The private letters to-day by the estafette confirm the
surrender of Algiers, but the particulars cannot be re-
ceived until Wednesday or Thursday from Toulon, except
detached details by the telegraph; there cannot be the least
doubt of the information.

-
Brazilian, 74 54
Buenos Ayres, 33 35
% 30
Colombian, 25
Danish, 74 54
French 5 per Cent. 105 6
Ditto 3 per Cent. 79 80

Consols have continued most part of the morning 4t
stsi for the Account, and 94} for next time.
n the Foreign Market litt'e or nothing doing, the
Share Market is also dull ; South Metropolitan Gas
premium.
Consols, 931 I.

T RRE/1 0' CL 0 CK.

ROUSE of LORDS.—Their Lordships met
at ten o'clock this morning:and were occupied till one in
hearing Counsel in the East Retford case. The further
consideration of the matter was then postponed ,until
Monday next, and the House adjourned during pleasure.
Either the Marquis of HERTFORD or the
Earl of CHESTERFIELD will succeed the Duke of Mow-
moss as Lord Chamberlain to his MAJESTY. The ancestors
of both these Noblemen held high official places about Court.
The Oxford and Cambridge University Club
is now open in St. James's-square.
The Hon. RICE TREVOR, the Member for
Carrnarthenehire, has addressed the freeholders of the
county, announcing his intention of again soliciting their
support at the ensuing election, and it is confidently
affirmed will be returned without oppoeition. Ills address
appears in another column.— Cambrian.
A meeting of the friends of Mr. JONES, the
Member for the borough of Carmarthen, took place on
Wednesday se'nnight, when they unanimously determined
to enable the Hon. Member to resume his seat in the
British Senate free of all expense.--Cambrian.
It has been stated that the Pavilion at Brighton,
together with the remainder of his late MainTe's pri•
vats property, has been left to the present KINO. It
would, perhaps, have been more correct to say, that it bad
been left to the Crown. The property in question is no
longer considered private property.—liforning Paper .
O'CONNELL.—CLA.B.E.--We have just re-
ceived a communieation from a person likely to be accu-
rately informed. He states th It the difference betwie,s
O'CONNELL and Major MACNAMARA, as to a pledge, was
arranged, and that it was not unlikely O'Costwer.t. tvight
address the electors of Clare in a day or two.--14,, AI&
Morning Register. sn'it
COLLEGE ELECTION.—Mr. CROKER wait
expected to arrive in town this morning, for the purpoi,
of prosecuting his canvas fur the College. It is said the
Right Hon. Gentleman has the entire wishes and support
of Government with him.-14blin Morning Register.
The celebrated chapel of the Rev. ROWLAND
ilir.r.•is in a dreadfulitate of insecurity and dilapidation;
but it is now undergoing a thorough repair, and, of course',
closed against divine worship, and it wi I be some time
before public service can be resumed.
MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT.—About nine
o'clock on Saturday evening, as a number of young chit
dren were amusing themselves sliding down the broken
surface of the Brae, an excavated part of the top sudden!)
fell down, and Buried in its bosom two fine girls of the
ages of X hand 13. Their companions immediately gave
the alarm. An immense crowd coon collected at ar
spot, but death bad come before them all. The bodi.
of the little innocents were quickly extricated front theit
premature entombment, but it was all in vain. Eve?)
spark of vitality bad flown. The grief of their parents
was of the most agonising and heart-rending description.
—Dundee Advertiser.