The Sun.
London, England, 1863-08-20 00:00:00

till Gen. 'Schenck, poking him between the ribs,
calls his rattention to two roses in his button-hole.
It was a red and a yellow rcse ; but in the dusk the
latter lo eked white, and the "disloyalty" was thus
manifest. The political General then asks his pri-
soner where be got the flowers. " They were put
into his button hole by a lady." Just so," says
Scher.ck, " that is another of your d-- Secesh
women." " The lady is my niece, sir," the prisoner
answers with some warmth. "She is a lady, a
young lady of 14, and no Secesh woman." "Per-
haps you would have no objection to take an oath
of allegiance to the best of Governments,” says the
General, by way of closing the conversation. The
gentleman sees no reason why he should take an
oath on compulsion, and is walked away to the
Prevost-Marshal's, the obnoxious flowers being left
in the hands of his captors.
Then are merely the comical episodes of a stiffi-
' ciently mournful play. Now for some of the pathetic
touches. I was yesterday in a house to which a lady
had just in that moment been brought back from
one of the hospitals near Gettysburg. Mier eon, who,
like so many of the Maryland youths, was in the
Confederate army, was slightly wounded in one of
the great battles its the early days of July, and she
had gone to tend him. Most of the surgeous of Bal-
timore and many ladies have been going upon that
same humane errand, and they have been backwards
and forwards all this last month. The Federals at
the camps, I believe, harbour no against
their rebel prisoners, but the distress of so many
wounded is great and the disorder in the hospitals
appalling. For miles round Gettysburg, as 1 heard
from eyewitnesses, the air is tainted with the stench
of ill-buried human bodies and the remnants of
carcasses of horses. The youth I speak of died, not
of his wound, but of hospital fever, in his mother's
arms, and the mother brought back to her home the
same fever,of which she is dying. The reader may
judge -whether this is likely to be a solitary cose.
llese are the inevitable horrors of war, and it is only
a pity that nations unused to such things should
aggravate its evils by reckless improvidence and
mismanagement. Another case, however, is less
excusable :—A Confederate officer, who had fallen
gloriously at Gettysburg, was conveyed, a corpse, to
his Maryland home, where he was embalmed, and
intended for the honour if a solemn burial. All
this had been done with trie full permission of the
military authorities at Gettysburg. The father of
the deceased, his kinsfolk, and a great number of
his friends attended the ceremony, which was per-
formed by a Methodist Minister at the Greenmount
Cemetery. The funeral rite was
,just performed,
when the attendants-19 in number (for the
greater number of them were able to effect an
escape)—were arrested and conveyed to the Provost-
Marshal's, at Gilmore-house. The offence, it ap-
pears, consisted in this,--that the body had been
given to the earth in the Confederate uniform the
hero had on when he fell. Some of the prisoners,
as well-known Union men, were released on the
following day; but the greater number were only
discharged the day before yesterday, after vain
efforts on the part of the authorities to extort from
them an oath of allegiance.
Acts of more arbitrary severity remain to be re-
corded. Two barns were burnt to the ground in
this vicinity, probably by incendiaries. An assess-
ment was made on the inhabitants of the neigh-
bourhood to make good the damages. The assess-
ment fell unequally on different individuals, accord-
ing to the reputation they had for disloyalty. I
could name one gentleman who had to pay for his
own share no less than 472 dots. For another house
that was burnt the tax extended over all the people
for six miles round the spot, but the fire in this se-
cond instance fell with a weight proportionate to
the proximity of the inhabitants to the scene of the
offence.

A certain amount of awkward harshness and
bluntness will always end everywhere be observed
wherever the administration of justice falls into
military hands. Civilians at Fort 'Warren were
confined an the company of Confederate prisoners
taken in battle. But, by a strange professional par-
tiality it may be supposed, these latter were allowed
the free run of the tort on parole, while the civilians
members of the State Legislature of Maryland, and
other persons of high respeetability,vvhose alleged of
fence was at the utmost that of s 3 mpathising with the
cause of the South—an offence, be it remembered,
which was never proved, so that they had in the
end to be discharged, without even obtaining from
them the oath of allegiance—these gentlemen were
kept in duta%ce vile in their cells, and subjected to
a harsher treatment than those who had stood up
for that same cause sword in hand. I say nothing
of the filthy state of those State prisons—the ver-
min, the odour, the horrors of the want of bed, food,
and other accommodation, for this was probably
owing rather to want of experience and proper pre-
paration than to mere fiendish malice, though it is
not easy to bring the poor victims and their friends
to view the matter in that light. Bat what are we
to think of the puerile precaution of Gen. Schenck
(who, by the way, was neither born nor bred a sol-
dier, but who is a mere " political General "), who
allows his convalescent prisoners only the most in-
dispensable underclothing, that in the event of their
meditating their fight they should not be able to
accomplish it otherwise than in the scantiest dis-
habille. No hats, jackets, shoes, or trousers allowed
to any of them !

But I feel humbled in my own eyes in coming be-
fore the reader as the mere. earonicler of such small
I
matters. These mere
fp s
bitter of
o ry f
rlYithe
ineedle, with
which the endurance o
tahned; a
mn sa
yi s shoacroans
s-
stantly tested, however thcl
and aggravate them, aro not so subversive of their
social order as the lance thrusts which are aimed at
the very life of all the Southern States.
It is now more than 16 months since General
Foster, on his way
taunted the Baltiroormiankse with to his Southern command,
st. theD em i tohgr
ee a
oft t
th
ha
et
"they were going
South, and that ththe IN, arylandians might then
join the niggers if they hod
a
at Washington talk as if they mind,"
The rulers
meant to carry
that threat into immediate
execution.
them
thel
already told you how in the South-west I have
con-
querors settle on the lands of the
manumit the slaves, and hiring thm asfree
vanquished,
labourers compel them to cultivate the and for
their own—tae conquerors'—bentfit. A
the
first
high in the Government at Washington told
with great glee, how a Northern soldier of fort:'
e
took possession
of a deserted plantation,
found
crops standing unreaped on the ground, with the
negroes lying idle in their huts enjoyingthe
fruits of their blessed emancipation, how the 'cute
Yankee bade them be up and doing, promised to
feed and pay them, and so plied them with gentle
and strong measures that he induced them to bring
the harvest home—a harvest which he conveyed to
and sold in New Orleans, realising for himself the
net sum of 17,000 dots. Now, most of the land of
the Southern States occupied by the Federals lies in
a more or less helpless condition. Fields, houses,
and live stock of all kinds are at the discretion et
any man who may have a wish for them, and there
is no lack of adventurers in the Northern army ready
to help themselves to any.hing that may fall in
their way. There is hardly an efficer, hardly a
Soldier.r.n on his way back to the North, who does not
Wherever°: si
teigoe:h, i home
tzo
evidently
ieial
es.ovictoriousmanumittedu
legions‘. ‘ c ent r a
appear
pa
pn
ed
a"r withr.,
~,
rhim.., i
emancipation but confiscation ensues, and nothing
dissolution
oYft,t,is contereplatul than the downright
object, the ewh hole social order, the re-coioni-
presertt ern land. This is the avowed
of the Washington
of the cut and out Aboli-
tioniststhe undertaking be" iington Gaverurnant. Should
moreu practicable, less desperate
than it appears, the
these frontier States tgobeestdi" would arise, how ere
pcci,ilievalt with ?—these States
—this Maryland E.E'
open war with the ceutral Ciro'r:hniti wes never at
hicaht they should be
and that
lwithout .
I the best assurances were ai.: 131"It'and to which
I respected in all their rights of pr
they should be submitted to no emancipation
adequate compensation ! The answer is re:-
At the time of Lee's late invasion, when Maryland
was
supposed to bo in danger, and the alarm
wes given in Baltimore of the approach of the rebel
cavalry, a „great number of negroes were pressed to
worla in the, trenches to pl,,,cc tili- city in a atte of
deLnce. Nre,iroes were, p.cssEd in town and ccuu-
uy, viaX.la cff.',:! 7.;;r1 or $1:-..,vc.,F, Lll-:r,--ArAds tar

domestic servants. When their labours were ended,
al; efforts were made to induce these blacks to en-
list; not a few accepted the proffered bounty, and
are off to the various coloured regiments now in the
field ; some came back either dressed in the United
States uniform, or waving the star spangled banner

in their masters' faces, and are now idling about
town and country, daring their former owners to
claim them if they can. Any slave running for
refuge here at the Provost Marshal's, or at any of
the military stations scattered all over the State,
may consider himself as safe as a malefactor used to
be in a sanctuary of the good olden times; and the
slave owner who might be ilt advised enough to
lodge a complaint for the recovery of his property,
would sooner incur the risk of losing his own liberty
than be allowed to dispute that of his former bonds-
man. A cry would be raised against him ea a
disloyal citizen, an anti-Abolitionist, a man of
Southern " proctivitie9," and he could hardly get
himself out of trouble by submitting to the indignity
of that eternal oath of allegiance.
It is thus that emancipation has been cartied on
in the State of Maryland. In the city of Baltimore
you would look in vain for a single male slave. In
the country, only those for whom freedom had no

attraction abide with their owners, or those who,
after a first expe:itnent in the bush, have found
their cage more to their taste, and have voluntarily
gone back to their thraldom. No man need be a
slave here who has no fancy to be, and the negroes
as property are utterly valueless.

Now this may seem a great gain for the cause of
humanity; and, for what concerns Maryland itself,
it may imply no irreparable evil. But some justice
ought to be done to the slave-owner no less than to
the slave; and in more Southern States this sudden
breach in all domestic relations, this wholesale, all-
sweeping spoliation and confiscation, will prove
equally ruinous to master and servant. The most
ruthless Uuion men have no compunction about it,
and theydweil wit h complacency on littleless than the
extirpation of the whole Southern race, and the sub-
aitution of Northern colonists in their stead. The
scheme would be ico monstrous if it were practicable.
When the Franks took two-thirds of the lands of
the vanquished Gauls, or the Lombards shared the

land, slaves, and cattle of the prostrate Latins, they
did nothing so barbaric as the cold-blooded politi-
cians of the Northern Republic now contemplate.
Granted that slavery was a great evil—the greatest
of evils—it may be questioned whether the remedy
is not a thousand times more grievous and iniquitous
than the evil itself; it may be questioned whether
the remedy will cure, er only a thousand times ag-
gravate the evil. Granted that the Southern peo-
were " rebels and traitors," it may be questioned
whether they were all equally guilty, or whether
many of them were guilty at all ; yet the punish-
ment must needs falls indiscriminately on the whole
race; granted even that they all deserve the same
punishment, was there ever a case of mutiny by
land or by sea in which a whole regiment was shot
or a whole crew hanged ? Surely it was always
considered an ect of utmost severity to decimate the
offenders. It is only your frantic and savage abo-
litionist that puts no limits to his bigotry, and ap-
plies his theory without reserve or exception.
Meanwhile, strange to say, in the midst of their
grievous afflictions, nothing can have power to
subdue the spirit of these Marylandians, or bring
them to despair of their sinking cause. "Lee is
still unbroken," they say ; " he may yet come forth
and smite the Northerners a third time. No doubt
the contest has been unequal from the beginning,
and the South begins to feel the exhaustion of its
own efforts. But no one can foresee what the chap-
ter of accidents may bring forth. Come what may,
the restoration of the Union is an impossibility.
The South may be overrun, prostrated, annihilated,
but not reconciled to its destroyer."
It is not difficult to find men equally confident,
equally determined, on the other side. The re-
establishment of the Union is matter of unshaken

faith with the Republicans, and they are ready to
sacrifice to this their idol, not only the whole
Southern race, white and coloured, but themselves,
their prosperity, and, what is more, their liberty—
that liberty which, it might seem, gave that Union
al; its value. The tendency in the North is towards
a concentration of all powers in the hands of the
Washington Government, with an utter disregard
of the independent life of the States as sanctioned
by the Constitution. It is on that account that
General Schenck and other military rulers are so
anxious to wrench from their prisoners an "oath of
allegiance." The oath administered to public
functionaries in this state, for instance, was the
following—" I, A B, do swear, or affirm, that I
will support the Constitution of the United States,
and that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance
to the State of Maryland, and support the Consti-
tution and laws thereof." By the transfer of this
allegiance from the individual State to the Federal
Government, a reform is contemplated in the whole
Union, the tendency of which will be the extinction
of all local freedom. May be, this 'encroachment of
the Central Power may sooner or later raise strong
opposition in the North no less than in the South;
but, in the meanwhile, the basis of strong military
government is everywhere laid, and the President,
at the head of a million of combatants, will not be
visited with impunity, particularly if, after the ex-
piration of the present administration, Mr. Lincoln
were superseded by such a lawyer-soldier as Gene-
Butler, General Schenck, or any of his present
champions and instruments. No doubt the day
will ccme when the Republicans themselves will
fret at the yoke they have so eagerly taken on their
neck ; but will they be able to shake it off ?

- -- -
Yesterday was Thanksgiving-day here by order.
The Marylanders were bidden to give praise for the
victories which have coat them so much of their
best blood, which have damaged a CallSO to which
two-thirds of their population are so strongly at.
tached. Most of the shops were shut, and a very
few of the churches were opened. A. very scanty
display of flags was made from the top windows
but the town was quite empty, most of the citizens
having disappeared for the day. The whole of the
Catholic and most of the Episcopal clergy, with the
exception of the Yankee Bishop, are Secessionists
at heart, and they refused to officiate. Decidedly
had a stranger heard nothing of the festivity, he
would have been struck with nothing besides the
utter desolation and silence of the holiday-making
city.

From the various bsttle•fields there is no news.
From the Rappahannock nothing but unmeaning
skirmishes. At Charleston no progress. In the
south-west no important movement. The heat
everywhere overpowering, yet with less fatal re-
sults to the belligerent parties than might have
been anticipated.

A FRENCTI MURDERER.—A man named Lefevre
at Compiegne, undergoneferh the extreme
at Armancourt
has just
accompanied him
(Oise),
murdered a farmer named Vilcoq,
penalty of the law
under
in his cellar, where Lefevra had
w;he. The
murderer the pretence of purchasing some
houseexpbetietted to find a Burn of from 1,2011,
beio,e placed it imnontheey,the farmer bad only a few days
to 1,400 f. is the
er hands of a lawyer at Compeigne.
LonguLeii.evre took a razor, which he
man's
led to his arrest and
Not finding any
osfname was scratched on
Hold to a barber at
conviction, as the murdered
execution; being
ascended the
the handle. On the morning
brought from Beauvais to Comple the
Health
scaffold with great calmness, and at Ognn:e' he
to the executioners. The next moment gave himself up
all was over,—
GarlynCni.
ADVERTISEMENT.] —Avoid medicines: they alw tv
rate chronic complaints, but Du Barry's Delicicye: aig:gra-
Restorin,g Revalenta Arabica Food, which saves flit
its cost in other remedies, invariably cures them, reYetorran7
perfect digestion. strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy live;
pare blood, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, and energy
t , the most disordered or enfeebled. We extract a few out
of 60,0t,0 Cures :—Cure No. 58,216 o: the Marchioness de
Brehan, Paris, of a Aver complaint, wasting away for seven
years, debility, with a be/YOUS palpitation all over, bad
digestion, constant sleeplessness, the most intolerable nervous
agitation, sad dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lora
Stuart de Decies, Lord L'i ut. of IVatei ford, of many years'
dyspepsia.—No. 40,812. "Fifty years' indescribable twony
from dyspepsia,
nervousness, asthma, cough, coostiPstion,
flatulency, spasms, sickness, end vomiting.—Maria Jolly."
—Cure No. -16,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of
thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derange-
m_ eat, and partial deafness.—Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth
T Cam' Ptll7 Pravl°-car3ihf„ame
,c I c s.
Norfolk,-- Cui e, ,
oNo.t indigestions4,le. T h The spirits,
of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low •
torpi-
dity of the lives which -
In tins. lb., fi.:,9 had m s,ste ,all medical treatment."
108.—Barry t u. 1...: ' 211)"
4'.
rndev Jas.
64 ; Mb., 11 s. ; 121 b., -,25.; 41b
also Portman anela'
tarry and Co., No. 77, Rege at-atreet, London;
,yeri tom
01
the
vaia;%,(llali..l3l; ando a a‘lGroctro anti Citemiats in
OM.

ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE.

NORTHERN CIRCUIT.—LIVERPOOL, AUG. 19.
CROWN COURT.
(Before Mr. Justice Blackburn.)
Benjamin Thomas, aged 24, a powerful, sullen-looking
Welshman, was indicted for the wilful murder of Mary
Rowlands, at Liverpool, on the Bth of May last.
Mr. Bolton and Mr. Littler appeared for the prosecution ;
Mr. Pope defended the prisoner.
During the trial the conduct of the prisoner in the dock
was so extremely violent that his Lordship was obliged to
order him to be pinioned, and on two or three occasions it
took all the strength of several police-officers to overpaiver
him and to place him under restraint. When he was hand-
cuffed and guarded, so as to make any further outbreak
almost impossible, he hung down his head and appeared to
pay little or no attention to what was going on. His Lord-
ship deemed it nectaaary, along with the question of the
prisoner's guilt or innocence, to leave to the jury the ques-
tion whether the prisoner was insane, or only simulating
madness. It was prayed upon the part of the prosecution
that the deceased Mrs. Rowlands, wife of a master in the
mercantile marine, kept a seaman's boarding-house in
Brook-street, Liverpool, The prisoner lodged with her for
Bor 10 days, and was to some extent in her debt. lie en-
gaged to go to sea in a ship for which a man named Cross-
thwaite was acting as shipping-master, and in consequence
of that engagement received an advance note, which he
lodged with the deceased as a security for the money he
owed her. He afterwards expressed an unwillingness to go
to sea in the ship, and Mrs. Rowlands, who was aware that
in the event of his failure to go on board at the appointed
time the advance note would become worthless, made re-
• peated attempts to overecme this unwillingness, and told him
distinctly that if he did not join the ship he would be sent to
prison for 3 months. On the 12th of May she was reason-
ing with him in the Welsh language, when the prisoner
suddenly rose,went into the cellar,and called to the deceased
to come after him. She followed him immediately, and there
is no doubt that while she was in the cellar with him he
attacked her with a heavy wooden instrument, called a
" potato masher," and beat leer about the head until she was
dead. No struggle was heard, but when the prisoner came
upstairs again he had the potato-masher in his hand. With-
out saying a word, tut grinding his teeth in a wild and
savage manner, he made a ferocious attack with the formid-
able weapon on a Yonng woman named Elizabeth Benbow,
who was sitting quietly
ire the parlour. When he had given
her half a dozen biers., an old woman named Evans ap-
peared, and then the prisoner lett Benbow and assaulted
Evans. He followed her into the cou.t and beat her very
severely, and when the neighbours came upon the spot he
threw the potato-masher over the wall and went away laugh-
ing. He was followed and given into custody.
The evidence of the surgeon and one of the warders of
the gaol was put forward by the prosecution in support of
the theory of the prisoner's sanity.
It was now urged in his behalf, by Mr. Pope, that when
he committed all these outrages he was so far mentally de-
ranged as not to be morally responsible for his acts. The
learned counsel relied on the absence of all reasonable mo-
tive, on the hideous ferocity of the murder, and of the
savage and unprovoked assault by which it was immediately
followed; on the untimely mirth which the prisoner had
displayed in laughing as he lest the place; on the "grin-
ning" which had been spoken of by Benbow, and on the ad-
mission of one of the witnesses that the prisoner had ap-
peared before the day of the murder despondent, moody, and
out of spirits—as ',lacing the insanity of the prisoner beyond
all reasonable doubt.

The jury found that the prisoner was sane, and on the
facts found him Guilty of murder.
His Lordship, having assumed the black cap, then in a
most impressive manner passed upon the prisoner the awful
sentence of death in the usual form.
The prisoner was then removed,
job." saying it was "a good

John Hughes was indicted for the wilful murder of Mary
Ann Hughes, his wife, at Liverpool, on. the 28th April last.
Mr. Si
the prisoner.
'301:1 appeared for the prosecution ; Mr. Littler de-
fended

It appeared that the prisoner was a shoemaker by trade,
but addicted to habits of intemperance, during which he
hal been accustomed to ill-use, abuse, and threaten the de-
ceased, who was a sober, industrious woman, and conducted
hus-
band and herself.
sively for several days
a small greengrocery business for the support of her lons-
. He struck
his wife refused to give him any snore money. He then
struck her, and raid he would be hanged for her yet Lie
The
priorp prisoner ot n;
trh he a2d6
tbeen
o f
April drinking
last, ewx cheesn-
continued his course of intemperance and ill-usage to de-
ceased daily up to the morning of April 28, when he struck
her on the back of her neck while she was asleep
her a second blow, -which threw her off the bed on to the
floor. He then jontped upon her and kicked her several
times severely. Aid was called in, and deceased was found
lying on the spot where the blow had felled her, completely
paralysed. She lingered until April 30th, when she died.
Upon a post mortem examination it was found that the fifth
cervical vertebras had been dislocated and fractured, caus-
ing pressure upon the spinal cord, from which paralysis en-
sued. There were contusions and other marks of injury on
the deceased from the prisoner's violence.
Mr. Littler, for the defence, contended that the prisoner,
having been thinking for some time, was in such a state of
excitement that he had no deliberate intention to inflict the
injuries he bad done; and that the evidence of the manner
of his violence was not satisfactorily established.
Mr. Justice Blackburn having summed up, the jury, after
a short deliberation, returned a verdict of guilty, upon
which the prisoner fainted. Sentence of death was passed
upon him in the usual form.
Mr. Price, Q.C., has been sitting trying prisoners as a
Commissioner all day, in aid of the judges.

LOSS OF TIM STEAMER PARIS.

OFFICIAL ILE PORT.

GREENWICII POLICE•COIaT, Aug. 15, 1863.
My Lords,—ln compliance with your lordships' direc-
tions, and with the assistance of Capts. Harris and Baker,
appointed to act as nautical assessors, I have made inquiry
regarding the loss of the paddle steamship Paris, of the port
of Newhaven, on the morning of the 28th of July last, on
iron vessel of 132 14-100 tons burthen, built at Port Gies-
her passage from St. Mato to Jersey. The Paris was an
gow in 1852, and owned by Henry P. Maples, of Arthur-
street East, in the city of London, and employed on the
Channel island station, running between 'Newhaven in the
county of Sussex, and St. Male in France, and commanded
by Henry Hemmings, who holds a Board of Trade certifi-
cate of competency as master, bearing date the 31st March,
1853. An inquiry has already taken place before the Com-
mittee of Piers and Harbours of the Slates of the Island of
Jersey, in reference to the conduct of Peter John De la
Court, who held.a pilot's certificate, granted by the com-
mittee, and was considered to be in charge of the ship at
the time of her loss. His concoct has been censured by
that committee, and his pilot's certificate cancelled. She
had on board at the time of her loss a crew of 23 persons,
all told, 50 passengers, and a quantity of cargo. The pilot
peculiarab ov e named
cir c u wasin n sta ene g ged to act in that capacity under the
es
hereinafter mentioned. The Paris
left St. Maio for Jersey at 6.30 a.m, of Tuesday, the 28th of
July last, and a short time after another steamer, callei the
Wonder, followed her, also bound for Jersey, and there ap-
pears to have been a competition betweenthe two ships. At
8.30 a.m. the Paris was about midway between the Min-
quier Rocks and Jersey, about seven or eight miles fr )n3 the
latter place; the weather was calm and clear, and the speed
of the vessel about 12 knots an hour. In approaching Jersey
from St. Mato there are two channels that may be taken,
the Middle Channel and the Sellotte Passage, of which
the former is the more ditect, wider, and in every respect
preferable, and generally used. Between these two channels
lies a cluster of rugged rocks, called Le Grunot, partially
exposed at low water spring tide, but passable by vessels of
light burthen at certain times of tide and in calm weather.
In making for Middle Channel a N.E. # N. course would
clear the Grunot and open the Mid Channel. The same
course would suit for the gallette Passage up to a point dis-
tant; about three-quarters of a mile from the Grunot, when,
in order to keep to the westward of these rocks, the course
would require to be altered more to the northward. The
marks for the Middle Channel are St. Saviour's Church a
sail's breadth open to the S E. of St. Helier's Church, and
for the Sallette Gros Roque, on with the western Martello
Tower. These marks are clearly discernible in daylight
and fair weather, and with a proper lookout, at sufficient
distance to prevent damage from the Grnnot. At 8.30,
when, as before stated, the Paris was about seven or eight
miles from Jersey, the master gave directions to steer a
N.E. N. course, which would serve for either channel.
He then went below for a short time, leaving the pilot upon
the bridge, and in charge (as he considered) as pilot of the
ship. In about. 13 minutes be again came on deck, and he
and the pilot both remained on the bridge till the ship
struck on the Grunot, about 9 15 a.m., and after grating
heavily over the rock, sunk in about seven minutes' time
in five fathoms water. That some one was grossly in fault
for this result there can be no doubt ; and the question is,
upon which of the two, the pilot or master, or whether
partly upon both, the blame ought to rest. To determine
this question we must first look to their respective state-
ments, sod see how far they are supported by the circum-
stances or by the statements of the other witnessed. To
begin with the master's statement, which is in substance to
the effect following :—lls says that when he had given the
order to steer a N.E. LN. course at 8.30 ho considered he
had no further charge of the ship, which was from that
time under charge of the pilot; that he himself gave no
farther orders, for aid he interfere in any way, except that
when the pilot raked him which channel he should take, he
replied he nicl not care which so that it was for the beet,
meaning thereby that he wished to keep ahead of the
other steamer. He says further that the pilot told him he
should take the Sellette Passage, to which ho (the master)
:—That
made no objection, and that he had no idea but that,the.pilot
as an
lenetasathw,tilesetsohitphec:loiosed_,tto;oweGinr:ot just
before she struck. On the other band,
,tha iil4's statement
twakasendobienfgorseo
though he considered the shipevaerittil'Aio4 charge his orders
were not attended to ; that,hit‘eir,sidel he intended to take
when the master said he wished to do what was best,
otrho oSse: bl,-ett
expresses
Pxpareesssaegse,ith)oe intend but on the con-
trary,.,edd'
cut it short," he told him that it
tad all aloe Dec tie intention to take that channel, and a 9

master must have known that was so; that when he found
he was opening out the marks for the Middle Channel, and
too far to the northward, he gave the order to keep more to
the south; that the master did not comply with that order,
but ordered the ship to be steered in the direction of the Ro-
mandiere, and by so doing brought her on the Grunot Rock;
and that if the order to go to the southward had been obeyed,
even to half the ship's length, she would have gone clear.
Between these statements, so contradictory, and with little
confirmation of the one more than the other, it would
perhaps be hard wholly to deny the master the benefit of his
plea, that the ship was under the charge of the pilot and not
under his charge, so as to make him responsible for the lass.
At the same time, supposing this plea to be admitted, his
inattention to the dangerous course of the ship can scarcely
admit of an excuse. He was on the bridge for acme time
before she struck, but he does not appear to have ob.
served the proper marks of either channel, and yet he suf-
fered the ship to proceed at the rate of 12 knots, when he
ought to have known of the near approach to dang-r. All
things considered, it seems not unreasonable to conjecture
that the maetet's desire to "cut it short" had male him
inattentive to the caution that was necessary, if it did not
(as the pilot alleges) actually make him countermand the
order given by the pilot, to keep the ship more to the south-
ward just before she struck. I have been thus particular on
this part of the cat() because it is with much hesitation that
we have brought ourselves to a conclusion so favourable to
the master. But, in coming to this conclusion, we must
not omit to notice the manner in which the pilot laws have
been evaded in this case, It appears that the pilot, De la
Cour, was hired at 3.55. per week on board the Paris.
The object of this is alleged to be to save time in looking
out for pilots in coming into and going out of Jersey: But
it appears that it has been the practice of Captain Hem-
mings, for the last five months at least, if not much longer,
never• to take a Jersey pilot, but to pilot his ship himself,
although he has no licence for that purpose, and could not
obtain one, not being a native of Jersey. Even so little did
he look upon De la Cour in the character of a pilot, that he
did not avail himself of his services, though he was on
board on the passage from Jersey to St. Maio. The em-
ployment of De la Cour is clearly an evasion of the pilot
regulations of Jersey. But there is a worse mischief still,
as would appear in this case, viz., that by thus employing
a man who, as is admitted, was intended to be entered on
the ship's articles as second mate, it is quite clear that,
when the occasion occurs for his acting as pilot, Ise cannot
have properly the authority nor feel the responsibility of
that office; and at the same time, white it does not prevent
the master from exercising his natural authority as master
over his subordinate officer, it leaves him the opportunity of
screening himself for his own neglect or default under the
plea that the second mate has charge of the ship as pilot,
and that the master and owners are not responsible for loss
or damage. There is little doubt that the master looked on
De la Cour, and treated him, as one of his crew, and merely
a substitute for a pilot, in order to save expense, and that,
therefore, ho was bound to see to the navigation of his ship
just as much as if there was no pilot on board. Though, for
the reasons stated, we have felt bound to allow of the master's
defence and have returned his certificate—more, it is true,
upon techu cal than substantial grounds—we have thought
it our duty to express our strong disapproval of this mode
of employing a pilot, as highly irregular, and likely to lead
to vet y serious and dangerous consequences. I beg to for-
ward with this report the depositions of the several witnesses
taken before me during this inquiry,—l have, Sc.,

JAMES MAUL.

We concur in the above report,
lIENRY HARRIS, l Nautical Assessors.
It. BAKER,
The Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for Trade.

Fatal Accident on the Greenock Railway,

A melancholy and fatal accident took place at the
railway station at Greencck on Monday morning,
arising out of the prohibited and yet common prac-
tice of leaping on to a train when in motion, by
which Capt. Francis Harvey, shipmaster, aged abcut
50 years, residing at 20, West Stewart-street,
Greenock, and connected with the well-known
shipping firm of Messrs. Handyside and Henderson,
Glasgow, lost his life in a very shocking manner.
The 8 45 express up train is always heavy on Monday
mornings at this part of the season, and on Monday
it was unusually so. It was several minutes behind
time in starting, and Captain Harvey had arrived
among the last comers to go by it, and having a
return first-class ticket. The train was quite full,
and Capt. Harvey being anxious to go by it made
several ineffectual attempts to get a seat, and it is
said that he was twice told to desist by an official.
The train started, and the deceased, who was a stout
heavy man, made the last attempt to get in, and
while on the footboard and endeavouring to get
into a compartment, he was struck against one of
the pillars which supports the roof of the station,
iusing him to lose his balance. He was thrown
down, his legs going in between the edge of the
platform and the footboard, and thus he was dragged
a dozen yards, his legs and the lower part of his
body being crushed, twisted, and mangled in a
shocking manner, part of the intestines and the
broken bones of the legs being exposed to view.
The body in fragments was gathered up and con-
veyed into the waiting room, and the melancholy
news was conveyed to the wife and family of the
lamented deceased, whom he had quitted half an
hour before full of health and hope. Capt. Harvey,
who thus lost his life, was master of the steamship
Dam Pedro, which only arrived here on Friday last
from Palermo. He was a member of George-square
United Presbyterian Church (Rev. 41r. Sinclair's),
and was in church at both diets on Sabbath. He
was hurrying to his vessel, which was lying at
Glasgow, when cut short in his career, leaving a
widow and five of a family to mourn his lamented
and premature death. It is rather a remarkable
coincidence that Capt. Harvey's father-in-law, Mr.
VVatson, accountant, lost his life nearly 20 years ago
by a fall down the stairs issuing from the railway
platform, and that father and son-in-law are the
only two passengers who have accidentally lost their
lives at the railway station here, so far as we can
remember. Deceased was a native of Alloa, in
which place his father was long known as a most
respectable shipowner and shipmaster. His brother,
who only arrived from America on. Friday, and had
passed the Sunday with him after a separation,
parted with him on the street at the Greenock sta-
tion immediately prior to the occurrence, intending
to meet him in Glasgow in the course of the day.—
North British Mail.

PARISIAN VIEW OF AN ENGLISH SENSATION
DRAMA.—A recent communication from the able
Paris correspondent of our leading morning contemporary
contains the following amusing description of a sensation
drama now performing every night at the Theatre
Chatelet :—" It is founded on the novel of Aurora Floyd,'
and is called Le Secret de Miss Aurora.' For obvious
reasons, our sensation novels, however meanly they may
be thought of by persons of any refinement of taste, were
likely to be highly relished by a large class of French
readers. Miss Aurora s Secret,' as put upon the Paris
stage, seems locked upon as a very serious and pathetic
play, but I suspect that its effect upon English spectators
wilt be to provoke hearty laughter. They can hardly be
othet wise than immensely deverted at the French concep-
tion of an English country gentleman eating and drinking
as hard and as fast as he can put fork and glass to his
mouth, with his face within six inches of his plate, and,
while thus devouring, Incessantly and unintelligibly talk-
ing. He occasionally makes a very short break in his epi-
curean pleasures to address a turst of sentiment to his wife,
and, when trouble comes upon him, ho sits and whimpers
helplessly. Buletrode, the dashing cavalry officer, is got up
to resemble as nearly as possible a distressed tailor, but, as
ho wears moustachios and a bit of variegated riband in the
button-hole of his black coat, it is of course impossible not
to recognise his profession. The coroner, a very bald gen-
tleman, with a wonderfully pink scalp, and a tippet to his
coat, comes in, attended by two policemen, to take Aurora
to prison, but he allows himself to be mollified and
calla in a witness, who takes upon himself the office
of counsel for the defence, reasons with the coroner,
and convinces him that Aurora is innocent and
Hargrave guilty. Whereupon Hargrave, who isrepresented
by a bandy leggeTd giant. with a diseased physiognomy, in-
timidates the policemen by the display of a carving-knife,
and escapes to the woods, but only to be there tormented
by the ghost of dame" Conyers and other apparitions, got
up upon the Pepper principle, and which are the most effec-
tive things in the play. Much stress is laid in the bills
upon what is celled a hop-picking festival, which takes
place in a sort of forest, amid huge trees, whereon the hops
may be supposed to have grown, but, having been gathered,
they are of course no longer seen. The festival consists of
a series of do aces performed by young ladies in Scotch cos-
tume, most of the men present also having more or lees of
tartan in their attire—it being apparently the conviction of
French playwrights that ' le Highlander' is the chief and
predominating ingredient in the population of Great Bri-
tain."

[ADvEnrisEmENT.J-,lion]way's Ointment and Pills
It'l4n3l aggrayating soreti..itand ready to pounce upon the
aged when aaaccident.weakens any part. The Ointment
is most potent in'curing all cases of ulceration, abscess,
after every other means had failed, and'tbe hufforings ex-
perienced from them were utterly unendurable. Snon
after the,applicattori of the Ointment coolness and comfort
aratibtained in tho affected part the patient finds himself
more at ease and daily becomes more hopeful es, with de-
ovting pains, a visible growth of granulation comes forth.
It is well, while adopting this treat,netit, to regulate the
"roi ,nsi of the body by moderate doses of Holloway's
Pills, which act in unison with hiJ Ointment, anq facilitu.to
recovery,