The Sun.
London, England, 1839-09-19 00:00:00

MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.)

HAY MARKETS.
The supply was good and the demand about on an evality
with the supply;,prices much as before. Clover 80s. to 1:205* ;
old Hay 80s. to 100 s. ; new ditto 60‘. to 7.55.

CITY FISH MARKET.
The supplies were exceedingly limited and prices higher'
Turbot Bs. to 305. ; Cod 25. tid. to 10s. ; Lobsters 15. to
3s. 6d. ; Soles Is. 6ii. to 4s. per pair; Oysters 12s. Per
bushel (common) to 50s. for natives.

COLONIAL MARKET.
The demand fir B. I'. Sugar limited, but prices firm'
lower qualities quoted 575. to 595., and yellow 60s. to 665. Per
cwt.
The Coffee market was dull, and prices of West India wroe,
supported with difficulty. Ceylon of fine ordinary 41.1,2„airj
fetched 975. per cwt. Foreign might be boueit on
terms.
East India Rice has become dull of sale, and fine vrhite
gal has been sold at 12s. 6d. to 13s. per cwt.
Fine Jamaica Rum has been sold at 4s. 7d., acid Lee"ral
3s. 4d. per gallon.
East Inda 'l'in rather lower, Ranca 755. Spelter fiat id at
Few buyers fur P. Y. C. Tallow, which has been • °
4Ss. 3d. and 475. 6i1., for the last three wreamths.

CRIMINAL CouitT.—(fillS P4tYa)

OLD COURT.
John Reilly. and May Ann Reilly, two uglY
beings, were indicted for assaulting Mr. Hardy on the 7th
present the preent month, and taking from his persona rule
and 4a., his property. 100 king

- .
From the statements of the prosecutor, who is a car'
petite!, it appeared that on the evening of the 7th of
the present month as he was going along the Shore-
ditch-road, he was accosted by the female prisoner'
who prevailed upon him to go home ,'ith her'
The prosecutor had not been with her many mi
knutes
before the female prisoner attempted to rifle his poc
a:I:4
and upon his resisting the female prisoner called out
when the male pi isoner burst into the room and flew on -he
n
prosecutor, who caught him by the neck and threw him on
the floor, the female prisoner then got up the poker, a,",s
`:
swore she would knock his b—y brains out, and rip up
guts with a knife. After a great deal of struggling be_
got out, obtained the assistance of a policeman, and Pvt.'
the prisoners into custody. Prosecutor was very Inn'
injured by the blows he had received.
Two policemen proved that the female was a common
prostitute, and the male prisoner a very bad character.
The prisoners in their defence denied the charge of rob-
bery, and the female said she was a moral character. The
attack made on the prosecutor by the male prisoner was in
defence of his wife.

Mr. Justice VanottAN summed up the case, and the Jury
returned a verdict of Guilty. _ .

Mr. Justice VAUGHAN sentenced the prisoners to ten
years' transportation.

BRUTAL ASSAULT.—Jean Jacques Courben, aged 60,
a Frenchman, war indicted for assaulting Augustus Gov
genheim, in and upon the left eye, with intent to maim, or
disfigure, or do him some grievous bodily harm.
Mr. CLARKiON conducted the proaectition, and stated
the facts of the case.

Mr. Augustus Gorgenheirn, whose evidence was ex.
plained to the prisoner through the medium of an inter;
prctcr, deposed that he was a translator of languages. and
general agent. He was acquainted with the prisoner
having been employed by him to perform some service Or,
him about seven months ago, for which the prisoner agree
u
to pay him six shillings. He, howevar, neglected to do
so, and witness on meeting him in Oxendon-street on the
17th of August, asked him when he intr.nded to pal
and he replied diet he never would pay him. \Vitro,
then told him that if he did not he showl4 summon hi
n•
The prisoner immediately replied that he would sn3a3ll":
face before be did that, and immediately stepped back and
thrust the point of his cane into his eye. The efi'vet•ro
the blow was to crush the eye, and completely deprive btu
of sight. He gave the prisoner no provocation for lje
he did. After the prisoner had committed t:he asoult
attempted to run away, but he was pursued by a rill"-
constat:le and taken into custody.
Several other witnesses corroborated the story told 11
the provieutor.
A medi:ia.l gentleman was examined, who staled
sight of the- eye was completely destroyed. The injurtal
v.as of a very severe description and was velry 11keif -
produce either eked jaw or brain fever. met
The prisoner in his defence said that the prosenutor
It
him in the street ant,' abused him, and threatened to
tnsu
him wherever he met him, and ultimately struck hit"' ao
was about to do so a second time when ha raised hl3 eeto
that•tbve
in self-defence, and the point of it went accidentally te
his eye.
Mr Justice CourstaN summed up the evidence, and the
Jury returned a verdict of Guilty of tke full charge• ed
The prisoner was called up fur judgment and se.ntenc
to be transported for filtet n years.

JOINT STOCK BANKS IN Bl4a-

LAND.
A return has been publish dt, n the subject of joint stock
yitib.neanandErkntsnui:.tga
ltrf:oe,tncrhceletinyv.iyeenadestrahtraesee extremely yn
r the naeupnnidid'iba.da ending
down
inBt3hBteo.s
eleFrom
.b
johnt
at
seiites
the
number
Ist
oot! t
IJlea
sue January
eleven
slueamnl
last
bwscsewel
ribraee(yse,
of joint
oraeinnedt
thanagttotchkienb os. f 1 January.l3BE.
lg01;—,
The whole
J 1 090
establishedioB between 1826 and
both
Therinc i
.were lus.
twenty-two established in the tie
1830 to 1834.
No less than 67 were established in 1835 and 1836' 8
in 1835(i
There were seven established in 1837. and one
The number of partners varies from 50 to 1,20°1. aios,
may, average about 300. There are half a dozen w 0"
than. fifty partners, the smallest number being seven. ale
Fifty-eight of the banks have branches, and fifty
110110.
The branches, including the parent bank, are from.t.l
years from
to sixty.seven in number. There are eight banks wnw
have more than twenty branches.
The whole number of parent banks and branches issBd
There are besides about 550 private banks in Engjciaiang
that is, banks having no more than six partners. Ayrbole
these to the joint stock banks and their branches, ac
number of banking establishments will be about 1,200.
The issues of the joint stock banks, when contrasted itb
the magnitude of the establishments, seem to us ludicroutUt
small. According to the last return, dated 2d August, tr!
notes in circulation of all the joint stock banks wnre__,l,o.,
value 4,665,1101. This, divided by the number of ban,.
(108), gives an average circulation of only 43.2001 o,`_
each; or, if we include the branches, the average for c3FB_
office or establishment is only 7,0001. Supposing 1,.n:
money to be employed in discounting at five per cent-. "1.,
annual profit on 4,665,000/. would be only 230,0001.. °'
no more than 3501. to each establishment. It is evident
that their profits must be chiefly derived from deposits.
which they can employ at five per cent., while,
we believe,
they give only two. return.
The issues of the private banks, by the same rnni
were 7,610,7001., which gives; an average of about 14,0°'
for each establishment. It appears that the joint st°l
banks, so far from superseding the private banks, have ha
but a very tdight effect in narrowing their issues. -

EV EN, NIG 1-4114M0N.

U

VOYAGES OF THE ADVENTURE AND

_
BEAGLE.-3 Vols.
Colburn, London, 1839.
(SECOND NOTICE.)
On quitting Rio de Janeiro, where they had gone
to collect stares, and make such repairs in their
vessels as were needful, the crews of the Adventure
Ind the Beagle returned to the Straits of Magellan,
lin order to complete their surveys of the coasts in
that chilly and inhospitable quarter of South Ame-
rica. When they leached Cavetano Island, whose
inhabitants are considered by the sealers to be the
most mischievously inclined of any in the Straits,
or indeed in all Terra del Fuego, some of the ofti-
cers and men of the Beagle went ashore, when!
they were eye-witnesses of the mode in which the
natives cut up the blubber of seals and porpoises.
A piece of blubber, it seems is held in the left
band ; a corner of it is taken between the teeth.
and it is then cut by a knife, " held underhanded,"
into strips backward and forward without passing
the instrument entirely through, so that whit a tht
operation is finished, the piece draws out into a
lung hand, about an hid' thick, formed by the con-
nected strips. " The whole affair, from first to
last," saes Captain F.tztoy, " is most oEnsive to
the sight ; and the countenance of the cal vit. is
beyond description, for his eyes being directed ft,
the blubber, squint shockingly, and give his ugb,
face a most hideous appearance. The strip of
blubber is next divided among the parts', each of
whom proceeds to extract its oily juices by drawing
it through his teeth, and sucking it ; after which it
is warmed in the fire to facilitate its division into
small pieces, which are swallowed or bolted without
mastication. Morsels of this dainty food were
given, not only to the elder children, but even to
infants at the' breast." While the Beagle was
cruising about the Straits, and along the Patagonian
coasts, its crew endured a world of haitiships, par-
ticularly from that dreadful complaint, scurvy, with
which most of them were attacked, with more or
less violence. These hardships had a dreadful
effect on the mind of Captain Stokes, the Com-
' 1113n`er, as will be seen by the following extract:—
Ott
reaching Port Famine, the Captain was anxious
to pre
I to , Pare his vessel for another cruise, being very averse
Le [tinning up our plans and returning to Monte Video, since
afind thought the crews, from utter disgust at the harthhips
Privations they had endured, would not he persuaded
to
„go on another voyage, but that if they were to go to
hili or Valparaiso to refresh, they might rec,.ver their
strength and spirits, and be willing to renew the survey,
‘ll2ich. however, hehim self seemed to dread, for he never
Mentioned the subject without a shudder. He was evi-
dently
much excited, and suspicions arose in my mind that
ell was not quite right with him. I endeavoured to pre-
vail on him to give his people a linger rest, but he was the
snore anxious to make preparations. On the thirty •first of
j
duly he sent an application for provisions, and in the even-
ing I received a riote from him, which was written in his
former usual flow of spirits. The officers, however, knew
More of tho diseased state of his mind than he did ; and it
Ras owing tea hint given to me that I desired Mr. Tarnßas,° communicate with Mr. Bynal, and report to me whether
Captain Stokes's health was sufficiently restored to enable
him to commence another cruise. This was on the first of
August. The provisions had been sent, in compliance
With his application, and the surgeons were on board the
Adventure, considering upon their report, when a boat
Came from the Beagle, with the dreadful intelligence that
Captain Stokes, in a momentary fit of despondency, had
shot himself ! The surgeons instantly repaired on board,
and finding him alive, had recourse to every means in their
power, but without hope of saving his life. During the
delirium that ensued, and lasted four days, his mind wan-
dered to many of the circumstances and hair-breadth
escapes of the Beagle's cruise. The following three days
he recovered so much as to be able to see me frequently
and hopes were entertained by himself, but by no one else,
that he would recover. He then became gradually worse,
and after lingering in most ii,tense pain, expired on t'es
morning of the twelfth. Thus perished an active, intelli-
gent, and most energetic offieer.,:in the prime of life, a
victim to the severe hardships of the cruise."
Among the papers found in Captain Stokes's
cabin, after his death, was an account of his cruise

among the Guianeco Islands, on the western coast
of Patagonia, whither he went for the purposes of
survey, while the Adventure remained behind in the
stormy neighbourhood of Terra del Fuego. By the
following extract which we subjoin from this account,
it will he seen that the Ceptain had good cause for

despondency :
" Nothing could be snore dreary than the scene around
us The lofty, bleak, and barren heights that surround
the inhospitable shores, were covered, even low down their
sidei, with dense clouds, upon which the fiercf. squalls that
assailed us beat, without causing any change ; they seemed
44 immoveable as the tcountains where they rested.
Around us, and some of them distant no more than two-
thirds of a cable's length, were rocky islets lashed by a
tremendous surf; and, as if to complete the dreariness
and utter desolation of the scene, even the birds seemed
to shun its neighbourhood. The weather was that in
which the soul of man dies in him. In the course of our

service, since we left England, vve have often been corn.:

pelted to take up anchorages exposed to great risk and
danger ; but the Beagle's present situation I deemed by
far the most perilous to which she had been exposed. Her
three anchors were down in twenty.three fathoms of water,
on a bad bottom of sand, with patches of rock. The
squalls were terrifically violent, and astern of her, distant
Only half a cable's length, were rocks and low rocky islets,
" which a furious surf raged."
Shortly after Captain Stokes's death, the Ad-
venture quitted the Straits, and made sail for Sea-
Bear Bay, which is situated on the eastern coast
of Patagonia, nearly opposite the Gutanco Islands.
While staying here, Mr. Tarn, one of the officers,
In the course of an excursion into the country, ob-

served a sail in the offing, which he thought was a
whale boat, and supposing it might be in distress,
he kindled a fire to attract attention. As the grass
was very dry, the fire blazed furiously and spread
rapid), around ; yet without exciting fear that it
would do any injury. The next morning, however,
flames being observed on the crest of the hills,
behind the valley in which the men had erected
their tent, a boat was sent to save it and remove
the instruments. The boat had just left the ship,
when, fanned by a land breeze which rose with the
sun, the flames flew on with rapidity, descended the
valley, and before the boat reached the shore, had
consumed every vestige of the tent, and several
articles of minor consequence. Before the fire
burned itself out, the whole country, for fifteen or
twenty miles round, was completely overrun. This
sudden, extensive, and destructive conflagration,
will remind the reader of a sornewhat similar catas-
trophe - in the " Pioneers," where the author
describes the burning, by the casual droppinc
of a spark from a pipe, of a considerable
portion of an American prairie. The next
Place at which the Adventure touched was the
island of Chiloe, which forms part of the Chilian
Republic, and which we are told, is not so well
known ns it should be. Captain Fitzroy calls it
the " Key of the Pacific," and thinks that it. will
ere long he a place of first-rate importance. Ile
gives us a minute and curious account of its chief
town, from which we gather that it is an improving
Place, abounding in mos; of the necessaries of lite.
The seacoast provides the natives with air inex-
haustible store of shell-fish ; and the woods with
Plenty of timber, particularly the aler,e tree, the
I extraordinary straightness of whose grain enables the
People to split it, so as to make it appear as if it
had been dressed with an adze, or even with a plane.
In this comparatively unknown island is found a
large species of shell-fish called the " piure," which
is, in all respects, a most remarkable animal. Thp
body is about the size and shape of a small pear,
an inch in diameter; or it may be described as a
stnalj, conical, fleshy bag, of a red colour, filled with
saline liquor, which is smooth without, and spongt
Within. This curious production of nature is shut
up in a firm but glutinous case ; is attached usually
to rocks or stones under water ; and is
eaten with much relish by the natives, boiled
i or roasted in its shell. Its flavour is considered
I equal to that of the lobster. " At Chiloe," ob-
i serves Captain Fitzroy, " the piure is said to be
1 a remedy for barrenness, and to such an extent has
this idea prevailed, that a Chilote woman eating
- this shell-fish, literally says, if asked what she isi
doing, ' I am making children I' " Having finished
their survey of the coasts in the neighbourhood of
Patagonia and Terra del Fuego, which occu-
pied them upwards of two years, during which
Period they encountered prodigious hardships,
and on more than one occasion had serious
quarrels with the savages, the Expedition returned
to England ; and soon afterwards set out again for
the Southern shores of America. On their voyage
there, they anchored off the island of Mocha on the
the coast of Chili, where they arrived about the
time of the
1835,great earthquake, which, in the year
nearly destroyed the city of Concepcion,
which is also on the Chilian coast, and committed
a world of devastation. The following is an ani-
mated account of this appalling catastrophe,
which, as the deicription of
an eye-witness, is full
i of the deepest interest
I " At ten in the morning of the twentieth of February,
Very_ large tights of gea-fossl were d
eedpassing over the
)
City of Concepcion from Ie
old
h sea-coast, D°coast, war
inte-
rior ; and in e minds
oftowards the
ted
with the climate of Cdi
inhabitants, well.acquain.
t oneepcion, some surprize was excited

by so unusual and simultaneous a change in the habits of
those birds, no signs of an approaching storm being visible,
Hor any expected at that season. About eleven, the
qn-itherlv breeze freshened up es usual; the sky was clear
and almost cloudless. At forty minutes after eleven, a
s of an earthquake was felt, slightly at fist, but
increasing rapidly. During the first half minute many
persons remained in their houscs ; but then the con-
vulsive movements were so strong that the alarm be-
came general, and they all rushed into open spaces for
at~ty. The horrid motion increased; people could hardly
stand ; buildings waved and tottered. Suddenly an awful,
~verpo,sering shock caused universal destruction ; and in

less than six minutes the city was in ruins. The
'twining noise of falling houses—the horrible cracking
f the earth, which opened and shut repeatedly in
numerous places—the heart-rending cries of the people
—the stifling heat—the blinding, smothering clouds of dust
—the utter helpleasness and confusion—and the extreme
horror and alarm—can neither be deserib,cl nor fully iina-
Ltined. This fatal convulsion took place about. two minutes
After the first shock, and it lasted for the same time with

orperl violence. Daring this period no one could rand
unsupported. People clung to each other, to trees, or to
posts. Sonic threw the on the ground ; but there
the motion was so violent, that they were obliged to
stretch out their arms on each side, to prevent being
tossed over and over. The poultry t w ahout screaming
wildly. Hors:s and other animals were greatly frightened,
standing with their legs spread out and their heads down.
tremblingly excessively. Ater the most violent shock
ceased, the clouds of dust which had been raised by fallilL4
buildings began to disperse; people breathed more freely
•tid t•- Ran to look shot rtoini. Ghastly and sepulchral
the sight. • Had the graves opened and given up their
,ead, their appearance could scarcely have been more
shocking I Pale and trembling, they r•.n from place to
aid many sernihd to be quite bereft of reason.
Considerable shocks continued to harass and alarm at
.hart intervals. Many of these, but not all, were
preceded by a rumbling, subterratwan noi,e, like dis-
ant thunder. Some compared thir sound to the distant
inicharge of many pieces of artillery. The cathedral,
►hose wales were four feet in thick•iess, supported by great
buttresses, and built of good brick and mortar, suffered
snore than other buildings. Women -.oohing in the river,
near Concepcion, were startled by the sudden rise of the
water from their ankles to their knees, and at the same
moment felt the beginning of the convulsion. It was
said that the dogs avoided the ruin by running away before
it occurred. Of nine men who were r -pliring the inside
of a church, seven were killed. One of hose poor fellows
was half buried in the ruins during five days, with
a dead body lying across him, through which it was
necessary to cut, for his release. A mother, escaping with
her children, saw one fall into a hole ; a wall close to her
was tvttering ; she pushed a piece of wood across the hole
and ran on ; the wall fell, covering the hole with masses of
brick- work ; but next day the child was taken out unhurt.
Another woman missed a child. She saw that a high wall
was tottering, hut ran for her son. and brought him out.
As she crossed the st-cot, the wall fell, but they were safe.
When the tremendous crash came, the whole street, which
she had just crossed, was filled up with part of the ruins of
the cathedral I

" At Talcahuano, the great earthquake was felt as se-
verely as in the city of Concepcion. It took place at the
same time, and in precisely a similar manner. Nearly all
the inhabitants escaped uninjured, but they had scarcely
recovered from the sensations of the ruinous shocks, wht n
an alarm was given that the sea was retiring I About half
an hour after the shock, when the greater part of the popu-
lation had reached the heights,—the sea having retired so
much that all the vessels at anchor were aground, and
every rock and shoal in the bay was visible—an enor-
mous wave seen forcing its way through the western
passage which separates Quiriquina island from the main-
land. This terrific swell passed rapidly along the western
side of the Bay of Concepcion. It broke over—lashed
along—and whirled about the sleppieg, as if they had been
light boats—overflawed the greater part of the town—and
then rushed back with such a torrent, that every moveable
which the earthquake had not buried under ruins, was
carried out to sea. In a few minutes the vessels were
again aground, and a second great wave was seen ap-
proaching with more noise and impetuosity than the
first. After some minutes of awful suspense, a third
enormous swell was seen, apparently larger than either of t he
two former. Roaring, as it dashed against ev ry °Wracle with
irresistible force, it rushed, destroying and overwhelming,
along the shore E trth and water trembled; and exhaus-
tion appeared to follow thase mighty efforts. Divine the
remainder of the day and the fellow ing night, the earth
was no! quiet many minutes at a time. It %vita lid, wet
generally considered cerain, that every dog at Talcalin no
had left the town before the shock which ruined the
hiiiidings was Pit. The Captain of the Part, Don Pablo
Delano, was on board one of. the whale ships near the
town at the time of the ea-V- quite, with the hatches
battened dawn. and dead-l.ghts shipped. All hands
took to the rigging for safety. The first great wave
came in un unbroken swell to the stern of the vessel,
bra•ke over, and lifted her along without doing any material
harm, more than sae...ping her decks. Whirling her
round, the water rushed out to ,eawaid again, leaving the
vessel nearly in her former position, The twa next waves
approached. end affected the shipping similarly to the for-
mer; all vrithstoed their force, though the light anchers
were dragged. Many boats put off from shore before
the sea retired. The fate of one little b was ex-
traordinary. A servant veninan had taken refuge with
him in a boat. The boat was dashed against an an-
chor lying on the shore, and divided. The woman
was drowned, but the half of the boat containing
the child, was carried out into the bay It floated, and
the boy held firmly. He was picked up afterwards, sitting
upright, holding steadily with both hands, wet and cold,
but unhurt I The boy's name is Hodges. His father is an
Englishman, well known at Talcahuano, and was an officer
in the British Navy. Two explosions or irruptions were
witnessed while the waves were coming in. One in the
offing, beyond the island of Quiriquina, was seen by Mr.
Henry Burdon, and his family, who were then embarked
in a large boat, near Tome. It appeared to be a dark
column of smoke, in shape like a tower. Another rose in
the middle of the bay of San Vincente, like the blowing
of an immense whale. Its disappearance was followed by
a whirlpool which lasted some minutes ; it was hollow, and
tended to a point in the middle, as if the sea was pouring
into a cavity of the earth. At the time of the ruin, and until
after the great waves, the water in the Bay appeared to be
everywhere boiling; bubbles of air or gas were rapidly
escaping ; the water also became blank, and exhaled a most
disagreeable, sulphureous smell. Di.ad fish were thrown
ashore in quantities. They seemed to have been poisoned
or suffecated. Black stinking water burst up from the
earth in several places. Tho,o who watched the waves
coming in, considered them, while beyond the shipping,
about as high as the upper part of the hull of a frigate.
or from sixteen to twenty feet above the level of the
rest of the water in the Bay. Only those parts of
the wave which encountered opposition broke, until
within half a mile of the beach, when the roar became
appalling I Strange extremes of injury and harmlessness
were among the effects of these overwhelming waves.
Buildings were levelled, heavy twenty-four pound guns
were moved some yards, and upset ; yet a chili was carried
to sea uninjured; and window-frames, with the glass in them,
were thrown ashore upon the island of Quiriquina without a
pane being broken 1 Besides suffering from the eff' eta of
the earthquake and three invading waves, the island of
Santa Maria was upheaved nine feet. It appeared that its
southern extremity was raised eight feet, the middle nine,
and the northern end upwards of ten feet. At Tubul, to
the tooth-east of Santa Merin, the land was raised six feet.
At the island of Mocha the shock of the earthquake was
so strong that people could not stand ; indeed this great
convulsion was felt at all places between Chiloe and Co-
piapo ; between Juan Fernandez and Mendoza."

To those among our readers who are p irtial to de-
tails of " hair-breadth escapes" by sea and land, in
desolate, far-off climes, and among savage tribes, some
of whose extraordinary habits and customs are now
for the first time made known to us, these volumes
will offer great attractions. They teem with wild,
romantic incidents, penned in an easy, un
exa.,,gerated, picturesque style ; are emb?llished
with a prAusion of clever etn,ravinys ; and illus-
trated with maps of the whole remarkable tract
of coast that stretches along southern America from
Patagonia down to the wind-swept Cape Horn,
which breasts the waves of the mi,hty Pacific that
ro,l in unbroken from the. Pole. But, afk r all, the

izrcat recommendation of the volumes is. that they.
constitute an authentic record of the indomitable
coinage and ners,verance of the British seaman.
Here, we find in almost every chapter, sttAing
proofs of that spit it which no dangers can affright,
and of tLat dog ed resolution which no obstacles can
divert from its course.

VICTORIES OF THE BRITISH ARMIES,
2 Vors.

Bentley, London, 1839.

These volumes are lightly and pleasantly writt,o,
by one who shows in every page that he is quite
at home on military matters ; but they add little
or nothing to our stock of knowledge on the sub-
ject of the late war in the Peninsula, and the
crowning victory of IN aterloo, for Southey, Napier,
Londonderry, Gleig, Hamilton, Scott, and a host
of other writers have already exhausted the theme.
Still the work before us will amuse the lovers of
light literature, for it abounds in gossip, and
anecdote, and slight pen-and-ink sketches of some
of the most distinguished soldiers of the
last thirty years ; and ocensionally displays
much graphic power of description. The
best portion of it or that, at least, which
will be the most popular—is that wherein the
author describes the state of Brussels just previous
to the bloody day of Waterloo ; the hurrying of
the different regiments to the fatal field ; the pre-
liminarydfence of, llonti
attackalyt?mnorit ;
uatre Bras ; the assault on, and
and the last grand deci-
sive charge of the Guards and Highlanders on the
Imperial Guard of France. All this is described
withinfinite spirit and minuteness. The details of
the principal battles in the Peninsula, previous to
Napoleons defeat at Leipsic, are copious, and to
all appearances, rigidly accurate ; but we scarcely
nNeaell.eiedr.theTm after
hevo the masterlylutnesareembenlalirsrialetic‘i•ewoitfhCsoelvoeirieall
passable Plates.

It is circulated at the clubs that Baron Brunow
and Count Nesselrode have arrived in this country on a
Imission relative to the affairs of the East.

NAiioIsALLoAN FUND SuCIET Y.

(From the Hull Observer).
On Tuesday evening last, the Rev. W. J. But-
ler, M.A., Rector of St. Nicholas, Nottingham,
delivered the first of two lectures announced to he
given by him, in the school-room, Salthouse-lane,
on the principles and benefits of this philanthropic
Society. The Rev. J. Scott presided ; and after a
few words from him on taking the chair, Mr. But-
ler came forward and delivered a very interesting
lecture of nearly two hours' duration. He prefaced
his remarks by saying that he was not in any way
connected with the Society, the knowledge of the
principles of which he was endeavouring to disse-
minate ; his lectures were quite gratuitous ; and he
lectured solely from a belief of the great benefit
which the Society would confer on the poor and in-
dustrious classes, if its plan was fully carried out.
Mr. 13. said there appeared to him to be three great
branches of public benevolence ; first, a poor-law,
founded on merciful and just principles ; second, a
national system of education, having religion for its
basis ; and, thirdly, a good system of public invest-
ment. He then said, that savings' banks, though of
treat benefit as places for depositing money, were not
places of investment, on account of the small per
eentnee given, and the limited sum allowed to be
deposited. He ,lso advised the working classes
not to join small sick•clubs, and other similar bene-
volent societies, for it often happened, that a person
who had all his lifetime pa►d money to one of
these societies, was, when in need of relief, obliged,
by the scantiness of the funds, to have but a very
inalequate sum to his wants ; or, which bad oc-
curred in many instances, the society had become
insolvent, and the distressed member was left with-
out a farthing. Mr. 13. then showed the advan-
tages of the system of the National Loan Fund
Society, and by various arithmetical computations,
exhibited on what scale the annuities were granted.
A man who, at twenty years of age, deposited ls.
a-week, would, at fifty, be entitled to 201. a-year ;
and, at fifty-five, to an additional 201. per annum.
The depositors could, at any time, close their
accounts with the Society, and withdraw two-thirds
of their deposits. The lecture was not so nume-
rously attended as we had anticipated, there not
being above one hundred persons present at the
commencement ; during the lecture, however, the
room became more crowded.

THE PORTUGUESE SLAVE

TRADE.

M. F. T. Texugo, formerly Governor of Mozam-
bique, has addressed a letter to Mr. Fowell Bux-
ton, on this nefarious trade, which is still carried
on by the Portuguese on the Eastern Coast of
Africa. His objects are very commendable—to
point out to Portugal the small importance of Mo-
zambque in a commercial point of view, and sug-
gest improvements. He imputes the coat nuance of
the trade not to the Government, nor, indeed,
to the Governor of these possessions, but to the
inhabitant's and the official crew with which he is
surrounded. In 1837 the Marquis d'Aracaty, a
nobleman of excellent character, was sent to super-
sede Antonio de Mello, whose administration was
so severely censured by Lord Brougham in the
House of Lords, and he went out, says the writer,
with the intention to carry into effect all the orders
of the Government, and among the rest to put a
stop to the slave trade, but he soon found himself
in embarassments which he did not anticipate.
" The leeches in office finding they could not pursue
their old system, combined among themselves, and
resolved to throw every obstacle in his way." And
they were successful, He was obliged to yield,
and allow the trade to go on, and about the
beTinnitnz of the following year he died poor
and broken-hearted. This respectable individual
was an exception to the general run of Governors,
who are generally persons in favour at Court, and
are sent out with the avowed intention of making
moue), regardless of the means. It would appear,
from the sweinents of M. Texugo, that the Go•
vernment at Lisbon and the Governor at Mozam-
bique have little or no power whatever, and that
justice, or rather injustice, is administered accord-
ing to the pleasure of the magistrates and their
friends, and that nothing can put down the slave
trade in that quarter except a total emnge of the
system. How that change is to be affected, the
ex-Governor does not exactly point out, but he inti-
mates, in sufficiently intelligible language, that if
the Lisbon Government do not look with a vigilant
eye to Mozambique, it will not be long in their
possession. Who would regret the loss, when we
are informed that the system is promoted by the
existing Government ; at all events, that they have
an interest in it ; inasmuch, as on the arrival of
d'Aracaty, in 1837, ten or twelve vessels sailed
with full cargoes of slaves, after paying the duty of
seven and a half Spanish dollars per head to the
Crown, and three for the Governor's private purse ?
These vessels carried from Mozambique inure than
six thousand slaves. The following account of the
treatment of these unhappy victims, drawn up
by an ex-Governor, leaves no doubt as to the
encouragement given by the Government to this in-
human trade, which is carried on there by all ranks
and classes. " The slavers," says the writer, " take
a house as near the sea as possible, roomy and se-
cure, which is called " feitoria," in order that they
may smuggle on shore the most merchandizc they
possibly can. It is requisite that the house should
have a large yard, walled round, furnished with
tanks, well supplied with rain water, Mozambique
having no springs.
" After these preparations are completed, they
begin buying, when the inhabitants, for every body
there deals in slaves, flock to the feitoria,' ac-
companied by parties of those miserable and un-
happy beings, of both sexes, naked, or almost
naked. An examination now takes place, in the
course of which the poor objects ate minutely
scrutinized and obliged to undergo various trials to
judge of their health and strength. Other prac-
tices, too revolting to humanity, are besides resorted
to for the same purpose.
If the dealers agree in price, which is from
twenty to thirty Spanish dollars for a negro nearly
six feet high, without defects and without beard,
he is branded with a hot iron and sent to the yard.
Here there are men with drawn swords, keeping
watch in order to prevent escape. When a suffi-
cient number is colleted, another method is ob-
served to keep them in
good humour. Naturally
the negioes look doll and depressed, and in order Co
amuse them and made them take exercise, a drum,
or some other rough instrument is procured, when
they are obliged to dance and sing round the
player. Of these ill-use,l beings those who are
particularly strong men, or when the number is
great, are kept with chains round their necks, fast-
ened to each other, which horrible mode of secur-
ing them is sometimes extended to their feet.
" The supercargoes and dealers divide the negroes
into classes, viz., Brutos and Ladinos. The first
are those just brought down from the interior, who
unfortunately are nearly in a savage state ; the se-
cond, those who can speak a littlePortugue‘e, and
know how to do something, and who are of course
more valuable. The latter have always passed
some time as slaves in Mozambique, or sonic other
settlement, their owners only disposing of them in
case of being well paid, or when the slaves are. as
their masters term it, vicious or ungovernable. Fur
the last mentioned class I have seen as many as
sixty Spanish dollore, or about thirteen pounds
sterling paid.
" To complete a cargo it generally takes a month,
as the purchasers have first to sell the goodi they
brought with them. so as to have money to buy the
slaves, excepting when they bring specie, which
enables them to finish the investment in a much
shorter time. They then clear their cargoes at the
custom-house, for which they employ a broker, and
from the Government obtain all the requisite pass-
ports and papers."

It is expected that a review and presentation of
colours by the Duke of Wellington to the 45qi Regiment
will take place at Windsra. on Wednesday morning next ;
and as the grand Horticultural Exhibition will take place
in the Royal gr unds at Frogmore in the afternoon of that
day, when the Court will be present, we anticipate, should
the weather prove favourable, ore of the gayest days
Windsor has ever boasted of. —Berks Chronicle.

WITTICISMS OF SIR HERCULES LANGRISIIE.
.—Like the poetry of ancient heroes, the witticisms of Sir
Hercules La,grishe have met with oral tradition. Some
of them were strongly expressive of his national feeling.
On one occasion, when riding with the Lord Lieutenant in
the Phoenix Park, his Excellency complained of his pre-
dc
te
r s Langrishe replied, " they were too
much occupied in draining the rest of the kingdom." On
another occasion, be,ng asked where could be found the
ee andsso,
best history of Ireland, he answered, " in the continuation
of Rapin."—Lifa and Times of Henry
end
swampyasked state;
wwhy they had left the place in such a
Grattan.