The Sun.
London, England, 1830-09-10 00:00:00

WARWICK RACES.

WEDNESDAY, Sem S.—The Two-Year-Old Stakes of

25 tors. each.
Mr. Sadler's Daylight - „,
Eight others started but were not played.
The Avon Stakes, (4'50 sous. each..
Mr. Beardtworth's Birmingham walked over
Gold Cup value 100 sous. and 80 in specie. Four miles,
Mr. Beardsworth's Independence 0 1
Mr. Sadler's Jocko 0 dr
Colonel ?Eel's Bolivar
The first wag a dead heat.

The Members' Plate of 50 sovu. was won in twOteits
by the Burgess beating three others.

The Hunters' Stakes. Mr. Itohinson's Maria beat Mr.
Lucas's Daylight and two others, and all or them were dis-
qualified.

THURSDAY, SEPT. 0..--Sweepstakes of 10 sari.
One mile.
Mr. Leigh's Say* 1
Mr. Tomes's Port

The King's Plate of 100 guineas. Heats, one %fine.
Mr. Sadler's Jocko 1 1
Lord Warwick's Merman < V g
The Town Plate of 50 soya. Heats, two tones.
Mr. Jackson's Huard
Mr. Totnes's The 0 "
Mr. Goodlske's Dandelion . 8,41 v:
Colonel Yates's Blanche
A Free Handicap Stakes of five wee, each, 'with 40,441.
Heats, two miles.. ,
Mr. West's b. a. by Rubens ..... 1
Mr. Applewhaite's Zodiac

BEDFORD RACES.
WEDNESDAY, SICPT. B.—A Sweepstakes of 6 sore cad.

Mr. Howe's Vortigern

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

It is not easy to convince a man who has got but
one idea in his head, that his single notion is a

wrong one. The difficulty is much enhanced, when
the indiVidnel or class led away by his or its '
has been forced in a manner to adopt it, as a
desperate expedient for the relief of some severe
practical suffering,—a condition of mind which
makes the error extremely pitiable, and which enti-
tles the:entertainer of it to the kindest consideration
and forbearance. The monstrous mischief which
would have been entailed upon the Parisian work-
men themselves, us well as the criminal outrage per-
petrated upon the property of their employers, and
the serious evil to society, had they succeeded in
their project of destroying all printing machinery,
and in establishing a system of manual, to the ex-
clusion of mechanical labour, have been dwelt upon
by the press both of France and Englund: nor do
we know that any thing useful can 'be added to
• what has already appeared in this journal, and
been so ably maintained by others in illustration
of the simple and almost elementary truth,
that machinery is in the long run bene-
ficial to the working manufacturers them-
selves, almost in the direct proportion in which it
supersedes--for it cannot wholly banish—manual
labour. Destroy machinery in one country, and
• what follows ? That the consumption of that
country. is forthwith supplied by foreigners, who are
wee enough to retain their engines unbroken.—
Diestroy machinery all over the world, and what
follows ? That an immense privation will be visited
• upon the great bulk of mankind,--that a vast in-
crease of labour must be employed in the produc-
tioii of every article of taste, or use, or necessity,—
that the prices of such articles must be enhanced in
all directions,—the enjoyment of them foregone by
great numbers who now possess them,—much fewer
articles of exchangeable value created,—a less gene-
ral surplus of the produce of industry, after provid-
ing for the coarsest, wants of mankind, called into
t eing„ With decreasing contlinq every where, there
must be every where a steady but rapid extension
of absolute poverty, and a corresponding relapse of
society into the rudest anti most helpless barharism.
WC have received many letters on this subject, and
we havcinserted the two which are best written.—
They are not argumentative, but vehement and de-
clamatory. The assumption which runs through
• the whole of them is perhaps the most revolting for
its Absurdity thatrould be imagined, viz. that for every
machine dest.rOyed a number of hands would be brought t
into employment capable of producing the some
amount of marketable commodity. as hind heretofore
been manufactured by the djscurded mechanism. The
.reason why no such consequences could be looked for
is, that the demand would no longer take up the same
amount of MerchanOiee at triple or quadruple the •
former price. The consumption diminishing in
proportion to the rise of price, it follows that three-
fourths or four-fifths of chin workmen would be sent
adrift because of the„sloitruction or abolition of the
obnoxious machinery.' But the sacrifice of work-
men would not stop there ; for in consequence of
the general destruction of mechanical uppuratus,
the whole community would be so much impover-
ished, that the number of consumers for any one
commodity in any branch of trade would fall far
short even of an inverse proportion to the augmented
cost. Our correspondent who talks of having
wealth more equally distributed would use a more
correct expression if he were to say that pauperism
would be distributed more extensively. Now as
for the wages given the journeymen being such that
they cannot live by their labour, the real. evil is in
the excess of the numbers who offer themselves for
work, beyond the necessities of the market. We
know no, better remedy for this mischief, than by
lowering the cost ptice of goods still further, an ob-
ject- to be directly attained by enabling the
lourneymin to exist on ditnieished wages—that
as, by giving him cheaper bread. The removal of
Porn Law' we hold to bean essential principle
le 'every project for bettering the condition
of the working classes: the introduction of a more
rigorous system of economy into all brioches of
the public ierviee, with a consequent abatemeist of
taxes, is us.second arid powerful auxiliary source of
relief. With hint who Has of "starving in the
midst of plenty " we can truly and deeply sympa-
thize; but until he can inforM us, or rather until he
can demonstrate' to himself and his brother " wolk-
men," that the market for goods will not be con-
tracted by. a prodigious increase in the cost of the
manufactured article, we must beseech him to let his
neighbour's property alone, and snot thus enhunce the.
privations against which he represents himself and
his fellow-labourers to be contending.—Thites.

Several of the Morning and Evening Papers persist I
in reiterating the stupid charge, of the Duke of
Wellington beefy% been an adviser (or if the
eVairge does not mean this, it means nothing) of the
arbitrary measures of the Polignue Adthinistratien.
If the Duke of Wellington has indeed been guilty
of such odious folly and wickedness, he ought not
tor another day to he the Minister of a free country.
J/ut we do not believe that those who propagate
this calumny attach the slightest credit to it : they
wislt merely, for titetious purpeses, to circulate a
falsehood, with the chime of its duping the cretin-,
lout and unthinking. They rely upon the
which still exists before the meeting of Par-
liament, to give stability as well as currency' to the
scandalous areillatioll. Luckily an opportunity will
speedily occur when the liake of Wellington
autY, in the most public rammer, give a direct
sea tnetitive contradiction to . this infamous
potation, On Monday next' them will be a great
dinner at Matiebester, where the principal people of
Ito north-western counties will attend. Here his
4.lreee May, in a taw plain sentences, without reserve,
without elreumloctstion, put to silence for ever one
of -the most wilful and wicked Menders that even
party malignity ever invented.—Tbnet.
The intelligence from the Netherlands leaves xisstill le the dark respecting the determination of the
Government. Reports of -further engagements are
in eirculatioo ; but we know not what credit they
are entitled to. We are satisfied that o change, anti
so important change, must take place. The King
has himself to blame for the desire of the Belgians
to separate themselves. from, the Dutch, because,
instead of endeavouring to conciliate the two Tuitions,
lie has regularly availed himself of the, Dutch to
carry measures odious to the 'Belgians. Besides, the
Belgians are fairly entitled to know how their
affairs are • managed ; anti to prevent that petty
interference with trade which may ethi to the
wealth of the King, hut must injure the, poime,
Hos/over, it is a question for their own settlement,
It is understood that the Duke of .Wellington
thought, that as we bed been ,at the expense of
large stints its enusteucting this kingdom, eed secur-
ing it from shroud, we had a title to tee that our
work should net be rendered of no avail, but that
his Grace did not find the King divined to second
bfr viewc The King, like a sensible man, it is
said; thought we might have beats' employed our
money than in building castles in the Netherlands,
but having sto anent our money, if the people of the
Netherlands did not choose to take the benefit of
cite outlay, it would be afoolish thing in us to threw
si‘,v y Mtge money on them. The King feels as an
-:,"•li'lmuirs ought to feel respecting this absurd
I:ereinentel 'system. His Grace in hardly ant itripar.
toti judge in moans respecting the Netherlands the
settler ehis gloryo-s4liertor' tl/4ronsc• ie.
Ibll,natultvelonti,trtniitngof.tie hi extractifigrom the Comlituliennel,
a!layrand . is discussed
iltAlwseacc 11:11)4etrkl thani its the
a‘ourries' From*. It
iii
ot Lreigt n
Atrat
rattr sUustion:of. Minietet
mod or Franca ; and thate,k too of.ra
lie guarded stash tench
Maitre, when she %yea vainpiisheft.t 11't'teofr-Yttria%of
impettant part of the paragraph raitit,uo ta;INI4,t
Talleyrand is the follo*ing Thin-107er ye, 4!0
cote* (that of th 4 congress of Vienna) has, 1.11-,71-?"
less, its part in- the singular fe4onur which *attest;
to him a miesion quay important and delicate;

f>r We are assured Mat a new European Congress
is contemplated." There was a time when the an-
nouncement of an European Congress filled the na-
tions with dread. However, that time is gone by.
In the centre of Europe there is now a nation of
thirty-two millions, who have burst the fetters of the
Holy Alliance. There can be no longer any secret
conspiracies of despots against the liberties and inde-
pendence of the people of Europe; because theCe
can be no Cabinet Secrets where the principal na-
tion of Europe, without whose concurrence not
cannon dare be fired, must be consulted. The French
are men and not base serfs, who can only fight under
the fear of the Knout, the Cudgel, or the Cat-ol-
nine-tails; and the Despots of Europe know this
right well. It has been often observed, that men
are never so ready to hazard their lives, as at that
period when life has most attraction. Of all nations
the French seem to have the most enjoyment of
life ; and yet, without detracting from the merit of
any other nation, it may be safely said, that the
French are the readiest to rush on death. We haVe
always admired the fervour with which Dr. Adam
Smith, both in his Theory of Moral Sentiments and
in his Wealth of Nations, inculcates the importance
of cherishing in a nation the readiness to meet death
at the call. of honour.

" That in the progress of improvement," he observes,
" the practice of military exercises, unless Government
takes proper pains to support it, goes gradually to decay,
and together with it, the martial spirit of the great body
of the people, the example of modern Europe sufficiently
demonstrates. But the security of every society must
always depend, more or less, upon the. martial spirit of
the great body of the people A coward,
a man incapable either of defending or of revenging him-
self, evidently wants one of the most essential parts of the
character of a man. He is as much mutilated and de-
formed in his mind as another in his body, who is either
deprived of some of its most essential members, or has lost
the use of them. He is evidently the more wretched and
miserable of the two ; because happiness and misery, which
reside altogether in the mind, must necessarily depend more
upon the lit althful or unhealthful, the mutilated or entire
state of the mind, than upon that of the body. Even
though the martial spirit of the people were of no use to..
scuds the defence of the society, yet, to prevent that sort
of mental mutilation, deformity, and wretchedness, which
cowardice necessarily involves in it, from spreading them-
selves through the great body of the people, would still
deserve the most serious attention of Government ; in the
same manner as it would deserve its most serious attention
to prevent a leprosy, or any other loathsome and offensive
disease, though neither mortal nor dangerous, from spread-
ing itself among them ; though, perhaps, no other public
good might result from each attention, besides the pre-
vention of so great a public evil."
. . . _ .

The events of the Revolution have been of inesti-
mable value to France, in communicating to indi-
viduals that promptitude to risk life, which they so
eminently display. In a very interesting book, in
two volumes, published some time before the lure
French revelution, under the title of " The English
Army in France, being the Personal Narrative of an
Officer," the writer, who was at the Battle of
Waterloo, and entered Paris with the victorious
army, observes
" I WV Louis XVIII. once inure on the day of opening
the Chambers ; and I saw, whet was a far more interest-
ing sight, about ten thousand citizens (National Guards)
attending him. The equipment of these men, all at their
own expence, rather astonished me, I had never played
at soldiers mrelf, and had always, from the time I held a
commission, been employed in the serious business of mili-
tary life; but I must acknowledge that the aspect of the
army which marched over the Pont des Tuilleries sur-
prised me. lam confident that they would have met the
same number of regular troops, upon almost equal terms."

•J •
No one has ever questioned the merits of the
English as disciplined soldiers; but our insular posies
lion, along with its many good effects, has bud one
injurious effect—that of leaving the people helpless,
except pains are taken to organize them. The idea
of a mob defeating a regular army would never have
been entertained in this country from any thing
within the range of our insular experience. Within
almost the memory of man, the Pretender marched
with two thousand ragged and ill-armed High-
landers:to within !kW more than a hundred miles of
London, and if he had ventured to the metropolis,
the odds were that we should have had a revolution:
The people on the way hated the Highlanders,. but
they never thought of lighting them. , king
William was three days in England before a soul
joined him; and Sir John Dalrymple shows that
the Revolution was nearly defeated by the
departure of three regiments of Scotch Guards for
their own country, who, from ignorance of their route,
got entangled in the fens of Cambridgeshire and
Lincolnshire, and thus were unable to execute their
purpose. It is well known that we never durst
hazard a descent on any part of France during the
last war, for fear of the National Guards, who would
instantly have rushed to the coast, and prevented
the re-embarkation of the troops. The Game Laws
of England have, no daubt, been productive of
much evil; but iey have certainly served much to
communicate to the peasantry, of late years, a brave
and adventurous disposition. Throughout almost
every parish of England the sposchers may now be
considered as so many guerillas, and they display no
small share of military knowledge in the manner in
which they move on the points to be attacked. Of
this we are certain, that so much more military is
the character of the population now, than it was
11 or 12 years ago, that such an attack as that made
on the multitude at Peterstield by a handful of
men would not noW.he hazarded. The example of
Frunce will serve farther to impress the,people,with
thaparamount importance of cherishing those dis-
pest tons which lead men to hazard life with readi-
ness at, the call of duty. As for France, with its
high-minded population, and its million of National
Guards, the European despots will be cautious how
fur they provoke it. They have tin longer the mil-
lions of volunteers, smarting under the wrongs suf-
fered from France, to embolden theM. Nol every•
where the population are watching the Freed]. A
Congress, indeed Say rather is French army at
Vienna or Berlin, before the Monarchs have ex-
changed their letters on the subject. The French
are not a people to be taken by surprise, or to re-
main on the defensive.. The days of the Holy Alli-
ance are gone, we trust, for ever. Thirty-two mil-
lions of brave men, with arms in their hands, cannot
be betrayed.—Noreing Chronicle.
The appointment of Prince Talleyrand as Am-
bassedor to Great Britain, cannot fail to be gratify-
ing to those who look forward to an enduring good
undeistanding between the two countries,. on the
basis of a common interest in the support of the
principles of the British Revolution. In the first
place, it cannot be considered as other then compli-
mentary, that -the French should play their great
curd (for so he trimly is) to England, when there
%veto so merry other pruners where diplomatic rek.
Ilona were much less clear and assured. Secondly, the
fact itself is no mean confirmation of the strength of
the existing Government in France. Every body
knows that the Napoleonists declared to the his;,
04 they should have infallibly succeeded, f only
Trillesmsto,if-hod,joined. Thirdly, though there may
tre individuels to glogland bitterly hostile to the
establishment of French ledepeederice, who could
ride Prince Telleyrand down at the head of a regi-
ment of heavy.horse, these same individuals are very
likely to he kept in cheek by the' acknowledged
metel soperiority, of the veteran of continental)
diplomacy, yoeithly and lastly, the Ahsolutistwin
Liltingd have gi,ven tokens, that either for these
reasons, or some others, they very tnuch dislike the
appointment. After which, it may almost be per.
!nutted to wind up, like Euclid, with fg Which was
to be demonstrated."—Marning Chronicle..

tritO Ennn.4, Cilpt. MiDoNALD, from 'Val-
paraiso, (elided May II), brings 11 cargo of upwards of
SOO,OOO Collars in *petits and bullion, and 4,00() hides, all
a merchant' account. The revolution 14 not subsided,
but was. carried on with great enthusiasm, sometimes
dividing=fannl

INC:air:ST ON TUE BODY op Mo. SIUcKEY,
19' CIL% am.—On Wednesday morning last Mir. CAPIRS
(rorooer), of Lengport, held an inquest on the body of
Stuexcor. Verdict—wilful murder *Oust some
Pomun:or liersons unhioArn.