The Sun.
London, England, 1830-10-20 00:00:00

THE SPANISH ARMY.

(From the TintesCorreopotuient.)

U RID, OCT. 4.—The decree of the King, which I
herewith send you, while it officially acknowledges the
existence of danger, and de filch) admits the jeopardy in
which the Government finds itself, may, by ha vromelga-
tion, be construed into an expression of its fears.
The truth is, the King and his Ministers are is a most
awkward dilemma. Surrounded and menaced by the
fierce and ungovernable apostolic faction on the one blind,
and almost equally fearful of the liberals on the other,
their position is one, of which the danger becomes snore
immediate from clay to day. That events aro fast ap-
proaching that will shake the nation toile centre, is too
evident to be doubted for an instant. From what occurred
in this city on the 20th ult., it seems likely that • the
Apostolicals will undertake the revolution, en attendant
tit-, completion of the plans which the Liberals are devising.
I have taken pains to obtain correct information on the
state of the army.
The Royal Guard consists of -.
Grenaderos, Cazaderes, Laczeros,
four regiments of (172 men each ... . .... 2,988
Infantry—Eight regiments of 1,000 men each 9,000
Two regiments, provincials of the Guard, each three bat
taliona of 1,000 men

111,68.4
Infantry of the Line—Sixteen regiments of 1,5410 each 24,000
Light Infantry—Four regiments of 1,500 men each
Engineers—T., o regiments of 1,500 each ; three bat-
talions 500 each
Frovinciales (a species of militia)—Forty-three battalions,
80(1 men each
Cavalry—Eight regiments light, eight regiments of the
line—sixteen regiments, 500 men each
Artillery—Four regiments, 800 men each 3,200

05,288

This in about the amount of the standing army. The
militia, which is disbanded and renewed every six years,
amounted, in March last, to 00,000 men ; at that time
their six years of service had expired. The term was then
increased to eight years, and the new levy wee commenced
—the old one still serving. This force may be reckoned
at 160,000 men.

There is another military force, calling themselves
rolunturios realistus. This is a volunteer corps, consisting
of infantry, cavalry, and artillery, to the amount of
120,000 men. They formed themselves in 1823, pro-
fessedly for the maintenance and defence of the absolute
Monarch. They are all Apostolicals, and more devoted to
the Infant Don Carlos, or the party that exists under his
name, than to the King. , had the plot succeeded last
week, they would have acted it chief part ; the massacre
of the Liberals would have been their first Act. A great
animosity exists between them and the Royal Guards, as
the latter considered them as self-elected custodians of the
Royal person, to their partial exclusion. This is a fortunate
circumstance for the Liberals, to, in the case of anyevent,
the guards will oppose them ; and it is well known, in-
deed their officers have told me so, that they (the guards)
wish for nothing more than to have the opportunity,
should such an occurrence take place, and then the rege-
neration of Spain will ensue. The regular army and the
Liberals will have is common interest, and the King will
follow the strongest. The guard is officered, in a great
measure, by foreigners---French, Italian, German, and
Irish ,• and their jealousy of the voluntarioa reulistas un-
ronsidered, they are more inclined to liberalism than toab-
solutions, as absolutism in this country is founded on epos.
tolicism. They are the only troops in the country that are
well clothed and regularly paid. Their appearance is ex.
ceedingly good. Should the King break with the Alm-
tolicals, they will support him with enthusiasm, and this
is what I expect. The troops throughout the country are
wretched is the extreme, and cannot be depended on either
way. Money will settle their allegiance or rebellion.
The priesthood, including the monks, are computed at
about 200,04)0: s.6ths of the wealth of the laud is in
their hands. The Government has shorn them in one or
two instances. This, anti the fear of farther encroach-
ment', Are, Among other reasons, the excitement they have
against the Government. A Constitution can only be
maintained by the!! subversion, and that subversion can
only be realized by the curtailment of their pecuniary re-
sources. Thus there are ikon 200,000 to 300,000 beg-
gars in Spain, and they are supported by the priesthood.
The advantage of this is understood by both parties; and
the priesthdod, by their influence, maintain this order of
things, and ensure themselves dependents, by perpetuating
the ignorance and encouraging the idleness of the lower
orders. Labour, and industry among the poor would for I
over annul the, power of the clergy, and that can certainly
„be effeeted by a wise Government. The people now have
no incitement to wink, for they cannot possess in security
she fruits of their industry.
The Aportolicale are again at work. The Abbot of San
Baaflie was this morning found murdered in his convent.
This rasa was a Bishop, and had influence with the King.
Ile was suspected of liberalism.
The Duke of Montebello had a very short interview
with the King, sad lie left Madrid the' next mornieg. It
appears this Government recognizes Ftace, in case Aus-
tria does the tame. The cordiality Cannot be very great :
e sees:pa...M. de St. Priest, the Ambaaador of Charles X.,
has ~..een made a Grandee of the first class, and has received
other honours ; and Marshal Bourmont has been offered
the command of the troops. He is at Valencia, and is ex-
peter,' here daily. D. C.

Ilancetam.s, OCT. B.—The. review which I told you
it was probable would take. place in Perpignan, 9f the
Spanish forces, has not been passed ;, it is to be postponed
Until the moment of their entering Spain has been finally
;ea on.
I determined on entering Spain, iu ordeo to he able to
give, previous to the struggle, which cannot now be long
retarded, having uommeneed, a correct idea of the state of
publit: feeling in this country, and of the measures the
vanish Government have of late adopted, Ere you re.
edve :Isis you will doubtless have read the proclamation
by ;Indinand, which exceeds in atrocity any Set of
tyrant)), I „0„1„,' have formed an idea of from its great
severity it cannot bts` have the effect of defeating its own
ends.
to the refugees,—
All those who afford any as.
such such as procuring them arms, atli„,:cing them money, or
in any way promoting the cause of k n they have eens::
em-
barked in,—are to be condemned to death. Information
of their movements is to bo communicated front "
cable" to Alcalde at the rate of a league each hour and a
half, in the event of an invasion ; whoever conceals an
enemy in Isis house, or facilitates his escape, is to be con-
demned for four years to hard labour. A list of the alai-
grants is to ha procured and transmitted to the Chiefs
along the frontier, in order, should any one of them have
the misfortune to fall into their hands, to be able to know
with whom they had to deal.
The troops in the town amount to from 4,,000 to 6,000
men : those sent to the frontiers, at the head of whom,
as I told you before, is El Conde de Espana, do not exceed
3,000. Tll e officers are men of very short standing, and
the men are more than suspected of harbouring opinions
tuvourable to the establishment .of a new order of things.

To give you an idea of the rod of iron with which the
people are governed would be impossible ;a It mis-
trusts his friend ; uud the inhabitants of this town are in
A state of total ignorance with regard to passing events in
Europe, as all foreign papers are stopped at the frontiers.
I brought Moores Melodies here with me ; they were
taken front me on my entering Barcelona, and their ten,
dent" declared by A Junta of cerleaharties not only to be
revolutionary but immoral. A gentleman who was in the
fame diligence with me was wit WO prlion, because
amongst his papers was found a copy of the "'Nouvelle
Charte Conatitutimmelle des 'Francais." Many think it
not improbable he will be shot for this very heinous
An expression of suppressed indignation is perceptible
iu the countenance of all the inhabitant.. I hope, when
atm hour of trial comes, they will not prove themselves
Asia( to the call of liberty. . .

I lope to have tome cominunication of importance to
make to you in a poet or two. M. N.

His MAJESTY'S INTENDED VISIT.-4t is
now' beyond all doubt that his iklejeaty -intends to visit
.
Scotland orly in the ensuing summer, and the " note of
preparation
is already sounded in various quarters. Lord
.
•wit.tooulise has ;snit orders to Drummond Castle, in
Perthshire, for the imam:hate construction of from 150 to
dOO tergets, end for the maiOlf4etere of as much of the
teal Gordon tartan as will clothi:tie above a tanber of men.
It is further .544 that the Duke of GOKDON has ordered
the selection of 200 Perthshire men' exclusively "11fAce."
to be clothed and equipped in the enciolt cotiturrie.nta i arms.
of the county, to be shown to his liAll`iiTY. 110MIER
bewailed the diminution in the stature of Ow warriors that
lived in his "degenerate days," and a poet who pakeS some
pretensions to antiquity ha* prosed about the Psicins of
hula into," but with all due defereiiim to dem JAigh au-
thorities, it may be hoped that Ow 4414,4Vc5," wheri as-,
isistrilded ell's and Alannail in.th'eir tartan array,"
Will be 4 pretty fair speelnien of this-e'ancient heroes who
opposed, b Oie,l, aunt in,st twit thitiltopht legions of itn.
perial now, and me:wised the liberty "sod Independencei
of Caledonia. KOe far a
Sys ref-o, eonntry
proverb, and 'there can he no doubt, that not oldit(yfe
.and Perthshire, hut every dietriet iai .Scotionil, satin turn
kilt its men in a proper manner, meet }dell...3E4l'v the
itearty 44 Ifigliland welcome' be so much deserver
Sooteraan.