The Sun.
London, England, 1837-05-17 00:00:00

(11 eb :C=ZY'lrri.
1,1,, 4

LONDON,
WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 17, 1837.

The great stronghold of the Tories is now, as it un-
fortunately has too often been, in the ignorance and
national prejudices of a certain portion of the British
nation, Remove these, and they are •the most weak
and helpless part in the political c o mm unity. The
Liberal Ministryy wishes to govern the country on
sornething like rational principles, and make appeals to
the people as if they could be influenced only by rea-
son and self-interest. The Tories pursue the very
opposite course—they treat the great body of the com-
munity as knaves and fools, and finding that they can-
not secure their ends by straight forward, liberal, and
open policy, they endeavour to succeed by pandering
to the vices, and by encouraging the ignorance and
prejudices of the mass of the people. On these they
raised the " No popery" and the " Church and King"
cries some forty years ago. Unfortunately for the coun-
try, a great portion of the people responded to them,
and the consequence was, a bloody and ruinous
war for twenty-five years, and a national debt
more enormous than the imagination of any
human being ever anticipated. They pursue pre-
cisely the same course now. When the Irish ask
for civil rights—when they call upon us to fulfil the
bargain made at the Union—the Tories, dreading the
effect of that on their power, work upon the fears—
the religious fears of the people ; call upon them to
remember this is a Protestant community ; and have
recourse to every species of falsehood, deception, and
violence to excite Protestants against Catholics, and
make seven millions of the inhabitants of the United
language of the Tory Press for the last three years has
ha
this main, this infamous object in view ; and
nod
ping but the judicious conduct of the leaders of the
'Catholics--...tile wise administration of Lord MUL-
."Avit---the ardent and anxious hope of the Irish
nation for an amicable redress of grievances—and the
reason and good sense of a great portion of the
British nation, could have prevented the most fatal
esmsequences. Finding 'that scheme insufficient,
!hey have appealed to the ignorance of the people on
o other points, the Poor-laws and Church-rates, for
,_he purpose of exciting:). the constituent body against
Ministerial candidates. It is admitted by all impartial
11). en, and also by the leading men among the Tories,
that the new Poor-law is the conjoint work of both
tP.arties, and that one of its great objects is to benefit
he poor, and raise their moral character ; yet the
Tory Press, and the paid agents of Toryism assert,
lay after day, with the most unblushing effronter and
falsehood, that it is the sole work of the Whigs: and
their sole object is to oppress and grind down the poor.
With the same perseverance they work upon their i-
Porance on the question of Church-rates.
Tile
greater portion of the petitions from country dis-
Iricts in favour of cou this tax has been obtained by un-
fair means ; by ministering to the ignorance and the
religious fears of a peasant population ; by telling them
that the object of the Whigs and Catholics is to allow
the Churches to go to decay ; and that without this tax
iS kith must be the result, though the Protestant Church '
the richest in the world, and in England alone has
Yearly income of nearly six millions sterling. These
facts which with impartial men admit of no dispute.
Ile people in time will see their error, and when
v
hot day arrives, they will make the attempt to mislead
theni _recoil, as they did during the Reform crisis, with
tenfold vengeance on those whose main policy is to
p the.'ll dependent and ignorant.
Th

took reat' Meeting of the county and city of Dub-
''e
Place on Monday last at the Coburg Gar-
(tie:;* Not less +.lhin a hundred thousand persons at-
-1,,-"ed, including many of the most influential noble-
ford'nu gentlemen in ; and, among them was
CRARLE/noNT, son of that Illustrious patriot,
11.1°4e Conduct in the memorabi, year 1702, will hand
We 'do
name
down with honour to remotest generations.
our not, we conceive, exaggerate, when we empress
puble."viction that this is one of the most important
ly le Meetings that ever took place in Ireland. It
of a--°t the index of the feelings of a party merely, but
tof iinati". It bespeaks a determination on the part
42 he united sister-country, to gain her rights, at all
e, 'th4tcl3* Nevertheless we doubt not that the faction in
tk
11 er
'
House of Parliament will regard it as nothing more
antlnPty Catholic bravado, for they were equally in-
-44111 -to the signs of the times, when the discus-
froibl On
e the Reform Bill were agitating the empire
iliac, • ewe nd to the other ; but let them be wise in
hurt for `hey may rely on it, that the meeting in the Co-
l-garde,-tsis the black speck on the horizon that de-

The few Paris journals which were published on
Monday hare been received. In the afternoon of that
day the Government received the following important
despatch from Bayonne :
_

'• BAYONNE, MAY 14.—The direction taken by the
Infante is unknown. He left behind him 14 battalions at
St. Sebastian commanded by Giubelalde. Espartero at-
tacked them to-day, the 14th, and repulsed them to Ar-
douin. He entered Hernani after some resistance, taking
300 prisoners and five cannons.

" The Viceroy of Navarre was warned at Puente la Reyna
of the movement of the Infante. He collected 8,000 men,
and marched to the Ebro in a day. The Christine General
Buren occupies Logrono with 10,000 men."
The war, then, has recommenced in good earnest,
and with some prospect of a speedy termination. By
making himself master of Hernani, ESPARTEItO
has deprived the Carlists of their strong-hold in the
Basques. The capture of Fontarabia will soon follow as
a matter of course. Advices from Don CARLOS' head-
quarters represent the leaders of the faction as greatly
divided in opinion respecting the course which it be-
hoves the Pretender to adopt. Some are for attempting
the passage of the Ebro and making a dash upon
Madrid, alleging that in the event of defeat the bands
would find shelter in Catalonia. Others, and among
them is the ex-Infante Hon SEBASTIAN, are for re-
maining in Biscay, convinced that of their present force
few would follow them in an expedition for the seizure
of the capital. The affairs of the Pretender are in-
deed growing desperate. The Biscayans, who com-
prise the main strength of his army, will not follow
him across the Ebro ; and without an army—and a
strong one too—he cannot hope to reach Madrid. This
is the first grand obstacle to his success. In the next
place, were he to succeed in passing the Ebro, he
would be thrown upon his own resources, as all com-
munication with France would be cut off; and as the
inhabitants of the right bank of the Eblo have
no local fueros to fight for, he could only re-
cruit his army by conscription, and subsist it by
pillage. Nor would the possession of Madrid
avail him in the least, beyond what sums lie might
acquire by the plunder. of it. He could not retain
possession of it for a week. To seize Paris would be
to seize France, and to take London would be to con-
quer England ; but to capture Madrid would be to
seize the least important of twenty cities regarded as

notes the coming hurricane. Men like Lord CHA R-
LEMONT, who have hitherto pursued a tranquil, pri-
vate course of life, and never meddled with politics,
do not emerge from their retirement for nothing.
It is stern necessity alone that brings them for-
ward ; a conviction, that the time is come when
each good citizen must play his part to the best
of his ability, or consent to see his country
trampled beneath the feet of a triumphant faction.
What was his Lordship's language at this great Meet-
ing ? " The nation," said he, " must speak out, and
declare that they will have their rights." Such were
the terse, emphatic sentiments expressed by Lord
CHArtLENIoNT's father, when with the aid of GRA T-
TAN and the brave Irish Volunteers, he struggled for,
and secured, his country's independence. Mr. FLET-
CHER, in a brief but able speech, said, " I need not
tell you that the Act of Emancipation was carried under
a military Government. It was merely granted from
the fear of agitation, that would cause the destruction
of that Government. You are not to thank it for that
act of grace ; you are to thank yourselves ; you are to
thank your own indomitable energy." This is pre-
cisely the fact. The Catholic Relief Bill was carried
" from the fear of agitation" entertained by the Tories;

and it is this same fear that must carry Municipal Re-
form. Forbearance will do nothing. The faction must
be intimidated into concession. Ireland must show
that she is in earnest in her determination to have
equal justice" with England ; that she will be put
off no longer ; allow of no compromises ; but be paid
in full, and without delay. Already, as we perceive by
the Provincial Journals, she is stirring in all directions :
and this agitation she must keep up with unabating
vigour. But no more petitions to the House of Lords.,
This is only so much waste of time, for the very first
petition that was presented this Session to their
Lordships by Lord CLONCURRY, served no other
purpose than to furnish food for aristocratic merri-

ment. Speaking of Ministers, the Earl of MILLTOWN
observed, " I will not go the length of saying that
they are the best of all possible Ministers, but this I
conscientiously believe, that they are the best we ever
had, or are ever likely to have. They see the folly of
endeavouring to conciliate or gain over a party who are
determined to resist all overtures of concession, and
rush blMdly on in their mad and wicked career. They
have no other dependence than on the people. Let

them boldly rely on the people, and by the people they
will be supported. But if they falter for a moment,

like a woman who hesitates and is lost, their fall will
be as certain, as it will be merited and unregretted."
These are words not to be lost sight of by those to
whose conduct they refer. Events must long since
have convinced Ministers that they have no hope but

FRENCH FUNDS.—PARia, MAY 15.
Five per Cents., 017 f. 90c. :Mr. 85c.
Four and a Half Der Cents. 10011 60c,
Four per Cents., 91f. 90c. 90f.
['here per Cent.. 79f. sc. 10c. sc.
Bank Actions, 2,430 f. 2,435 f. 2,440 f.
Rente oe Naples' 201 60c 511 e. 55c.
Roman Five per Cents. 102.
Spanish Actives, 25% 2"6 25% 1(3,;
Spanish Passives, 53„
Belgian Loan, Five per Cents, 101.
Belgian Society, 1,540 f.
Portuguese Three per Cents. 30U %M.
EXCIIANO6 ON ILONDoN.
One month, paper, 25f. 35c.; money, 25f. 32
Three months, paper, 25f. 15c. ; money. 251. 12,;,c.
—cours A thent
LAST PRICES,
Floe per Cents., 1:18C
Three per Cents. 79f. 15c.
Bank Actions, 2,440 f.
11,nte de Naples, WC 75e.
Homin Five per Cents., 102.
Belgian Loan, 101.
Brussels Bank, 1,422 f. 75c.
Portuguese 'three per Cents., SOW,
Span.,sh Actives, 2..%.
Spanish Passives 514.
Differes, 7.
United Belgian Society, 1,540 f.

in the people ; that Court influence is against them ;
and that if they desire to be of service to the country,
to that country they must make their broad, direct

appeal. On the question of Irish Municipal Reform,
we know they will be firm ; and hope they will be
equally so, on all those other great measures which are
now pending in Parliament.

The Tory candidate has succeeded at Bridgewater,
and this event is, according to the established rule of
Tory tactics, hailed as a glorious triumph, and indis-
putable evidence of re-action. Mr. BrtoADvvoon's
unstinted gold, and BILLY HOLMES'S electioneering
tricks, have proved too much for the honesty and inde-
pendence of the Bridgewater electors—that is the
short and the long of the matter—but it is exceedingly
convenient, at the present moment, that the real cause
of Mr. SHERIDLN'S failure should be kept out of
view, and re-action substituted in its place. By this
bit of hocus-pocus it is intended to deceive the igno-
rant and unthinking into a belief that the provincial
constituencies are all eager to follow the example of
Westminster, where the Tories gained the victory
principally, if the truth were told, by the very same
corrupt means which they have so unscrupulously em-
ployed at Bridgewater. Not that we mean to palliate the
indifference to the principles of liberty and the cause of
Reform, which, to their everlasting disgrace, many of
the Westminster electors exhibited, either by not voting
at all, or by voting for a heartless apostate, from a silly
prejudice in favour of his name—the only thing about
him that remains unchanged. Far from it, these,
traitors to liberty—for we can call them nothing else—
assisted by an inundatioH of Tory voters and of Tory
influence, in all its various forms, turned the scale
against the Liberal candidate, and have now the con-
solation of contemplating the mischief they haves
wrought to a cause of which they have hitherto pro-
fessed
themselves the advocates. But to return to the
Bridgewater election. It will be seen by reference
to the letters of our correspondents in that town, that
the bribery practised during this election was of a
character, and to an extent unexampled, even in the
palmiest days of boroughmongering. There was no
concealment—no pretence of concealment—votes were
unblushingly bought and sold in open market. The
price of a vote was ten pounds down upon the nail,
and a promise of twenty pounds more in three months—
that is to say, if the Tory candidate be returned at the
(supposed) ensuing General Election I So much for
the working of the Reform Bill. As- long as that Act
remains in its present state, such men as BILLY
HOLMES will never want congenial employment.

The attention of our commercial readers is directed
,o important extracts from New York papers received

. .
o the 26th ult., inclusive. It will be seen from them

that though the intelligence conveyed to the merchants
of New York by the George Washington, which sailed
from Liverpool on the 24th of March, and arrived at
New York on the 24th of April, was of the most
cheering character ; yet, that there appeared no imme-
diate prospect of an arrangement of the financial diffi-
culties, without some intervention on the part of the
Supreme Government. The American money mar-
ket was still in a most deranged state, owing to
the slovenly manner in which the various Bank-
ing institutions had managed their affairs for the
last four years. The mania of speculation has
at last produced the wretched consequences which
every sane man anticipated it would. Instead of 21e.
pressing this system, it has been the study of Bankers

,o encourage it. Those of the South-west have been

for years in the habit of buying the cotton crops,
and paying for them in bills drawn at a long date,
sometimes one, and often from two to three years be-
fore the crops were grown by the planters. The

holders of such paper did not, of course, lock it up i❑
their cash-boxes ; but on the contrary, sold it. for
what it would bring, and speculated with the produce
in the purchase of waste lands, and canal and railroad
shares. Extravagance in every shape was the result of
such a disordered state of the public finances. Specu-
lators lost sight of theiractual means in the extent oftheir
credit and fanciful resources, and as a matter of course
balanced all their accounts accordingly. In the mean

me two powerful engines were at work, accelerating in
nearly an equal ratio the ruin which the merchants
were drawing do wn upon their own heads—namely,
the balance of Foreign trade and the Treasury Minute
for the abstraction of the precious metals. It is esti-
mated that from 1831 to 1837, the imports of the
United States exceeded the exports on an average of
about twenty per cent.; that many of the Banks doubled
their issues within the same period ; that the sale of
public lands was nearly trebled ; railroads and canals
were progressing at a rate seemingly miraculous ; when,
as if to put a finishing stroke to the phantom fabric
of boasted inexhaustible wealth, General JACKSON
issued the Treasury Minute, commanding the pay-
ment of all taxes, and the purchase of all public
lands to be made in specie. To meet the difficulties
arising from the adverse state of the exchanges, the
American merchants drew largely on their correspondents
in Europe, and for a time all was well. But ere long
British merchants naturally demanded a redemption of
the paper in their hands—a scramble to obtain specie to
meet the exigency ensued—and a complete dispersion
of the financial mist that had enveloped the United
States was the inevitable consequence.
But we sincerely hope the worst is past, and indeed
nothing is wanted but the co-operation of the
United • States' Government with the Bank of
England, to put an end to the panic. What
measures were in contemplation to produce such
a result, will be seen by a reference to our extracts
from the New York Journals. In the mean time mea-
sures ought to be taken by Congress for restraining
the mania of speculation which has seized upon the
public mind throughout the Union. A communica-
tion on this head ought to be made forthwith to the
Legislature of every State in the Union, with a
view to bring the question fairly before the
persons chiefly interested in it, and who must
eventually determine its necessity. This will be
no interference with trade, in the legitimate ac-
ceptation of the word. It need place no restriction
whatever upon the exchange of wealth, or the bona
:fide representatives of wealth. All that is wanted is
to put an end to the bubble system so destructive of
the wealth, so ruinous to the sober industry, and so
fatal to the public and private morals of individuals
and nations. The right to trade freely includes no
right to plunder with impunity.

A correspondent furnishes us with the following.
slip from a genealogical tree, which, according to his state-
ment, appears to have flourished in this country. A widow
married a young man, and her daughter-in-law married his
fattier. By the widow's marriage with the son she became
her husband's grandmother, consequently, great-grandmother
to a son, the fruits of this marriage. Now, as the son of a
great-grandmother must be a grandfather or great uncle, this
boy mn.t TT I_l

the keys of the Pcninsula. This is so w"11 known
to all who know any thing of the history of Spain
during the late war, that it is quite unnecessary to do
more than barely state, and call attention to the fact.
It is, therefore, of very little consequence what plan
the Pretender adopts, provided ESPARTERO carry on
the war, now so happily begun, with vigour.
The following Proclamation was addressed to the
army by General ESPARTERO previous to the capture
of Hernani. The omission of all reference to General
EVANS and the British Legion is striking
" Soldiers—The day is at length arrived when you will
be covered with glory, fighting against the enemies of our
institutions. lam at your head, and have suffered with
yourselves the same outrages which you have to revenge.
Remember that the eyes of all Europe arc upon you, that
the nation waits deliverance at your hands, nor will we lay
down our arms until we have driven from the Spanish ter-
ritory the Vandals whose crimes make the blood thrill with
horror. I rely upon returning to this place in the midst of
public rejoicings, celebrating the triumph your bravery leads
me to anticipate. The rigours of the season have hitherto
prevented our military operations, though each of you would
willingly have made his way through the snow to combat
the self-styled Kinr, of Spain, even in his own camp. The

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(TIIIS DAY.)

moment is now conic. I will conduct you, soldiers ; follow
me with confidence. You will always find me at the post
of danger, and in a few days our brows will be crowned
with the laurels of victory. A cross of honour is destined
for each of you, on which will be inscribed—Liberador de
la P atria. Let us, then, march, and dignify ourselves by
gaining it.
(Signed) " B ALDOMERO ESPARTERO.
" St. Sebastian, May 7."
This includes the only important intelligence received
this morning from the north of Spain.
The KING of the FRENCH already begins to reap
the rich fruits of the Amnesty. On Sunday last, his
Majesty, unaccompanied by his usual military escort,
visited the Jardin des Plantes, and both in leaving
and returning to the Tuileries, passed through the
most public streets among crowds of people, who
cheered and blessed him as he passed. Not a tongue
wagged against him—not a look was disrespectfully
directed towards him, during the whole course of his
drive. This must convince him that a system of con-
ciliation is the only safe one—that his best defence
against conspiracies will be found in the justice and
humanity of his administration. "Be just and fear
not," would we say to him. In open attempts to
coerce an intelligent people, the odds are fearfully
against him ; and Louts PHILIPPE Ought always to
have present to his mind the political maxim, that " a
people may let a King fall, yet still remain a people ;
but if a King let his people slip from him, he is no
longer a King."

The Swallow, from Liverpool to Newfoundland, is believed
to be lost on that island, the long boat and crew having been
washed on shore.
The Hope, from Liverpool to Newfoundland, was lost in the
ice—crew saved, after being five days in an open boat.

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MAY 17, 1837.

DEAL, MAY 16.—Wind NTE.—Arrivcd the Havre, —,
from Charente ; and Sylph, Barton, from Havre.
PORTSMOUTH, MAY 16.—Wind E.N.E.—Arrived the
Sandwich, —, from St. Lucia.
DOVER, MAY 16.—Off port the Briton, Warning, from the
Cape of Good Hope ; William Burton, Dempster, from To-
bago ; Anna, —, from Berbico ; Rapid, —, from Turk's
Island; Johanna Elizabeth, —, from Marseilles ; and Earl
of Errol, —, from Westport.
HASTINGS, MAY 16.—Off port the Pottscottie, Ogilvie,
from Mauritius.
SWANSEA, MAY 15.—Arrived the Brigand, Carman, from
Valparaiso; and Delhi, Herbert, from Valparaiso.
LIVERPOOL, MAY 15.—Moderate and breezes.—Ar-
rived the Emanuel, Dearness, from New York ; Greenhow,
—, from New Orleans; and Virginian, —, from New Yolk,
on the 24th ult.
LEITH ROADS, MAY 16.—Arrived the William and James,
—, from Lisbon.
HULL, MAY 15.—Arrived the Blume, Arsten, from Lisbon.
PLYMOUTH, MAY 16.—Wind N. N. W.—No arrivals.
FALMOUTH/MAY 15.--Wind N. W., fresh.—No arrivals.