The Sun.
London, England, 1801-08-03 00:00:00

ftsterkls 'also the.Pdver turtle atingivith the Salnierl,
and even to a very great distance from the sea. In
Prussia, it has. been seen, in the .Oder, in the en-
virons, of Stetten, at the distance of more than
ninety -miles from the mouth of that river ; and I
have been -often told by the fishers of Mark arid
..Etickhuysen, that the Herring is found in the-River
Voilenhoven on the other side of the Zuvder Ze4
especially towards the end of the fishing season.
" There is no doubt, then, that these different
salt water fish might be easily natiiralized in fresh.
Water ; and that the case would be the same in re-
gard to many other species, if proper care were
taken, after their, removal, to bestow on them that
attention necessary to ensure success to- the experi-
ment. We have a proof of this in the ponds of
East Friesland.- - The large Plaice, transported thi-
ther from the NortlkSea, have muitiPlied by my„
riads ; and they now:'-people those pieces of water
which before were totally unprOdnaive. While
encouraged by those examples, 'is there any reason
to doubt of success ? "Has not the industry of Man;
seconded by perseverance, obtained resultS far more
"astonishing • than those which might be exPetsed
' front' such experiments ? By care and at tentiorOie has
heen able to naturalize birds of passage, produced in
distant latitudes, 'and which are now .dornestieated.
Divesting. tlietnselveS-of their savage.'and free state,
the Stork, the Goose," the Duck,, and the Sheldiake
(anal tadarila.), have ,increased,_ in the course of
time, the number of our poultry, and the inhabirL
ants of our farm-yards, The. Rabbit, has forgot. its
paternal burrows, the Pigeon and.the•Turtle:dove
have deserted the hospitable hollows of 'the oak to
inhabit among, us ;
.and from this amiable bird, to that
superb. animal which shares in the labours of man;
how many living beings .have exchanged iheir man_
ners for habits and wants which we have forced
theth to adoot-'? Man, the sollereign-of Nature, has
'nor cdnfined hiSdomirdorr: to that which he exer_
cised over animals ; and though the domain of the
yegetable kingdom seems placed beyond the
of his power, trees and vegetableS of every kind
have been subjeacd to' trials and experiments, the
success of which seems almost miraculous. Guided
by,the spirit,of invention, and enlightened by ge_
nius, art has every where triumphed. What has
beendOne, therefore, for the surface of the earth,
by colletting in different points vegetables brought
from every: part of the globe, and astonished at
living together, let us do also for the population of
our internal waters.

" In the year i 799, I had the lionour of
;teaciing,
in one of the Sittings of the National:
Institute, a Memoir on the means and advantages of
naturalizing the Herring, a salt water fish, in the wa...
ters of the. Seine, near its mouth, &c. The account
of the processes for accomplishing this end, which
I there pointed out, Are not susceptible of analysis,
and thereforeovannot be intro&acedinto.this essay ;
it will be ,sufficient for me to -say, that the report
of Lacepede,-- Cuvier, and tessieri' W.§ entirely in
their -favour. At present, I am still,triore con-
vinced of the .efficacy of the means which I then
proposed; and- I have no doubt that, if artificial
ponds were formed on the_ edges of Rivers, the ex-
periment would be attended with complete success.
Every man who catches a fish, says Jr. Franklin,
draws from the
.water a piece of money.' , Let not
the maxims and example of this Philosopher be' lost
to posterity ; let them' rather produce frait, like
strong and v;gorous seed. sown in a fertile
Having _observed in -New England, that the Her.
rings ascended from the sea into one river of that.
Country, while a single individual was never seen
in another river, separated, fr_orn tl-.e former by a
narrow tongue of land, and which communicated
also with the sea, this Philosopher took the leaves
of some plants on which the Herrings had dep-osiied
their ova, already fecundated, and conveyed them
to the river which was deprived of the annual visit
9f these fish. The success of this experiment sur-
passed his. expectation ; theova were completely
productive, and .the following year the river was
peopled with a numerous shoal of Herrings, which
since that time have continued to frequent it.
46 This fish is not the only, one a hich I wish to
see natura4ed in fresh water; to the Herring I
should add -Several species of the pluroneaes, such
as the Brill, - the .Barbue, and other flat-fisli, which,
possesiing traits of the family of the Flounder, have
siznitar wants and. habits ; I should add also the
Mullet, the Gobyi. the Whiting, the Garfish, and
perhaps one or,:two- species of the Qurnet. I ~:vould'
pay the_ greatest attention possible-to the nature of
water proper -for each species. This happy choice
is • the principal condition, and that which cotilden-
sure success ; but I would select in partiCtifir for
this colonization the 'fish found. in lakes, which,
;though little. known, 'are more numerous than is
commonly supposed, and ought to be so.
• - ..•
At the epoch of the grand kevoiutions of the
Globe, when a part-oflhe primitive earth emerged
from the middle ofthe ocean, and pieces of water were
formed without any current, the species of itslies.
were variously dispersed. Every lake in Switzer.
land and Bavaria, possesses. some species so peed.
liar-to it, as not to be found. in any neighbouring
lake. Confined within their narrow basins, these
insulated species lead a melancholy vegetati've wort
Of life, almost exiled from the world. It is there;
fore, through a very ,just predilcaion for :these
fish, prisoners ,in their lakes, that they should be
the first,einployedfor the execution of_my plan. •
" This plan; indeed, would he attended with,
two advantages,- besides' the increase of provisions,
-which Would at length be' the result of
The increase in individuals, as in species, would
necessarily introduce ceConernical ways of prepara--,
don, to render the use of these fish more general
and more extensive. Many of those consumed,
fresh, would be salted, pickled, or dried, withsuc.l,
cess. The Scots Grilse is exported to distant !'
Countries. Salmon, smoaked after the manner or

the Livonians, is in great request at Haniburgh,
though there are fat Salmon in the Elbe. 'The.
Gudgeon would be dried, as is,praaised in the isle_
of Oesel ; the Plake, the 'Brill, and the Sole, a-c-
.cording to the Dutch' method of Katwyk, imitated
on the Batiks .of the Volga in drying the. Bream,
&c. The Boudelle would be pickled along with '