The Sun.
London, England, 1863-08-12 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON; WEDNESDAY EVUNING, AUGUST 12, 1863.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

83,290 emigrants, 86,436 (of whom at least 40,000 were
Irish) chose the United states as their destination.
The English pe pie contributed abont a fourth part of the
emigration; to all parts.

PRICES, THE 'Vc.t.ATIIER, AND PAUPERISM.
The lowest and highest prices of beef at Leadenhall and
Newgate Were 4id and 64c1 per lb, sold by the carcase. In
the prime period of last year they were 4d and Gd. During
the last 12 months the average price of the best quality has
not varied. The price of mutton fell. In the June quarter
of 1862 the worst and beet qualities were 5d and 7d per lb;
and they were near those prices in the succeeding nine
months, till last quarter, when they were 44d and 6id. The
average price of wheat fell to 46s 2d per qr ; that of the best
potatoes to 120 s per ton, against 190 s in the same quarter of
last year. Beef furnishes the only exception to the com-
parative cheapness of the principal articles of food.
Mr. Glaisher writes that the period of five months that
began with December and ended on April 30 wa:_, as warm
ns any corresponding period in meteorological annals. The
first half of the last quarter—viz., from the beginning of
April to the middle of May, with the exception of a few
days, had a mean temperature which was on an average two
degrees in excess daily. After May 17, for a period of nine
days, it was no less than six degrees under the average.
Again the temperature rose, and was 3.25 in excess till June
5, from which date till the end of the quarter the air was cold.
The mean temperature of the air in April was 49 deg.; that
of May 52 deg. ; and that of June 58 deg. The mean tem-
perature of April was higher than that of the same month
in any year since 1844. Days and nights in April were
warm; nights in May and days in June were cold.
Rain fell to the amount of 5.6 in, of which 3.9 in fell in
June, In the preceding two months of the quarter the rain-
fall was scanty. _

This account of the weather is derived from the observe
tions at Greenwich.

The pauperism of the June quarter declined, as is usual,
on that of the March quarter; but as regards the recipients
of out-door relief it was much greater than in the June
quarter of 1862. The average numbers of poor persons
relieved on the last day of each week, in three correspond-
ing quarters, were as follows

. •
In-door. Out-door,
June quarter, 1861 .... 117,802 .... 713,785
~ 1862, .... 127,863 .... 781,858
~ 1863 .... 127,852 .... 879,241

DEATHS, AND THE STATE 01' THE PUBLIC HEALTH.

After a period of two years, in which the public health
was better than usual, the mortality rose in the last three
months of 1862, was high in the first three months (the
winter quarter) of the current year, and continued above
the average in the quarter for which the returns are now
made. In this last period the death-rate was 2313 per cent.
per annum, while the average was 2.191. With the present
exception, a spring quarter has not occurred since the year
1853, in which the rate of mortality was as high as 2.3.
Both town and country testify to an increase of deaths in
their respective populations ; for the rate in the chief towns
was 2.478 (against an average of 2.336), and that which
prevailed in small towns and the country parts was 2.103
(against 2031). Summer-like weather in the early year,
and cold days or nights striking a sudden chill into the
heart of it, produce effects from which neither city nor
hamlet is exempt.
That vast town population that resides within " the bills
of mortality" suffered in common with the provincial popu-
lations, and in its due proportion; for though those com-
plaints that are more directly traceable to meteorological
causes, namely, bronchitis and pneumonia—were little, if
in any degree, more fatal in the metropolis than usual, both
smallpox and scarlatina were very prevalent, and caused
numerous deaths, Smallpox carried off 788 persons in Lon-
don, or nearly nine daily ; scarlatina and diphtheria 1,230.
Though the former disease destroyed fewer lives than the
latter, it was more powerful in inspiring the public mind
with a salutary dread. It should not be overlooked that
prophylactic measures are available against scarlatina as
well as smallpox, and both maladies are subject to modifi-
cation.

Smallpox was not confined to London; its presence, which
assumed in some instances a character of virulence, is an-
flounced by registrars in many and distant parts of the
country. The following are the chief districts, parishes, or
townships where the attack was of sufficient importance to
,
procure a notice in the reports of the local officers
Surrey, Croydon and Godstone ; in Kent, Maidstone and
Rochester; in Berkshire, Reeding and Kintbury ; in
Bedfordshire, Wing (Leighton Buzzard) ; in Essex, West
Ham, Orsetts Rochford Manningtree, Colchester and Sible
Hedingham ; in Suffolk Cavendish; in Cornwall, Bodmin,
Truro, Redruth, and Penzance; in Warwickshire, Kilsby ;
in Lincolnshire, Grantham, Market, Rasen, and Misterton;
in Derbyshire, Derby and Glossop ; in Cheshire, Stockport ;
in Lancashire, West Derby,
Didsbury, Chorlton-
upon-Medlock, Manchester (whe,e it was very prevalent),
Ashton, and Oldham ; in Yorkshire, Barnoldswick Ripon,
Harrogate, Wetherby, Yeadon, Elland (Halifax), Shipley
(Bradford) Bramley, Leeds, Dewsbury, Barnsley, Ecclesall
Bierlow, Sheffield, Bramham (Tadcaster), York, Sculcoate,
Hull, Whitby, and Northallerton. In thenorthern counties,
Stockton, Yaom, Bishop Auckland, and Chesterle-street.
Fear of the disease, minatory notices issued by guardians,
'" 'be 4efection of example have given a useful stimulus to
vaccination in many places where it had been oppotea by
prejudice or had sunk into neglect.
Not only smallpox but also measles and scarlatina at-
tacked the industrial population both in Lancashire and
Yorkshire. OS 287 deaths in the St. Helen's sub-eistrict of
Prescot 68 were from measles, and out of 376 in Wagner 72
were from the same disease. In West Leigh a fourth part of
the total number of deaths was from measles, which was also
very fatal in Bolton. In the sub-district of Oldham-below.
Town out of 312 deaths 15 were from smallpox, and 57 from
scarlatina. In the north sub-district of Sheffield 23 cases of
smallpox and 20 of scarlatina were fatal ; and in Brig,htside
(Sheffield) 27 cases of smallpox, 25 of scarlatina, and 20 of
measles were attended with the same result.
The mortality of London in the quarter was 2•103 per
cent., that of the North-western Division 2•569, that of
Yorkshire 2.539. Cheshire and Lancashire constitute the
North-western Division; and the death-rate in the latter
county, apart from the former, was 2.592. Liverpool, Man-
chester, and other large towns have long invested this
county with an unfavourable distinction, which it is hoped
the important measure now passed by Parliament, for en-
abling the distress, d 'Unions to borrow money for works of
public utility, will be successfully employed to remove. In
in last
er on the in
mean increase
ase
in
mortality Lancashire
the present day the rate of mortality in Lancashire furnishes
•
a striking contrast to that of the south-eastern counties,
counties rose from 17,576 and 18,017
,916 to
13u
which was 1.96 S last quarter. To reduce if not to annihilate
the difference is not an impracticable task.
of
the
twoa n d
previous Cheshire
seasons
JuneTh equdeeraftehrsoif 1861-2 to 17,417 last quarter. Those n London rose from 15,230 and 16,095 in the
in the
north-western
19,467 ; thoso to
in Yorkshire from 11,600 and 11
was 9 per cent., and less than in London and Yorkshire,
where it was 13 per cent. Taking particular districts of the
cotton manufacture, there was an increase in Oldham • •n
q,a3r3t9. The Manchester and Warrington of 201
per cent.; in Chorlton
and Wigan of 25 and 34 per cent. 'Measles and other epi-
demics, as has been shown above, were spreading through
those parts. On the other hand, there was a decrease in
Ashton, Preston, and Chorley,
,amounting in the last two
districts to 20 per cent or more. It is probable that fewer
deaths have been t egistered in many districts in consequence
of the emigration or removal of the inhabitants, for doubt-
less many villages besides Belmont, which the Registrar
writes is "almost uninhabited, owing to the badness of
trade," complain of empty houses; but, reviewing the whole
facts of the present return, they will be found to support
the conclusion which former reports tended to establish,
that sickness has not been aggravated nor the morta ity il* •n-
-creased by the distress which has prevailed, and which hap-
pily to a certain extent has now been subdued. It must be
regarded as a providential interposition in favour of the
under-fed and hale clad workmen and their families that
the period embracing December and four succeeding months
was, in the words of the Meteorological Report, distin-
guished by a temperature higher than in any corresponding
period since 1771,
The leading facts in the financial history of the distress
may be stated in a few words :—The number of persons de-
pendent on the parochial rates and relief funds was 530,000
before Christmas, 1862, when the maximum was attained;
at the end of June it was reduced to 256,230. Nearly half
the burden is at the pre-ent time removed. The expendi-
ture from both sources in December was £289,225. It was
reduced in June to £102,241. The loss of factory wages
per week at the end of Jan., 1863, was £172,018 ; at the end
of June, £132,553. The decrease in weekly expenditure
from the rates and relief funds (the last week in December,
1862, being compared with the last week in June, 1863)has
been in 6 months £20,000. The total expenditure in 12
months, from the 30th June, 1862, to the same period in
1863, was about £1,676,413, of which amount £1,054,413
was derived from relief funds, and £622,000, expended on
the out-door indigent only, from parochial rases.
The improvement in the cotton districts, by which 47
local committees have been enabled to suspend operations,
has arisen from various causes—the emigration or removal
of operatives, the increase of outdoor work, the partial re-
vival of industry. The Public Works Act, if adopted and
carried into execution with earnestness and goodwill, is ex-
pected to provide the wages of labour to a fifth or sixth part
of the population, who without its aid would be in want.
But,notw ithstanding the present eneouragement,the Central
Executive Committee takes a desponding view of the coming
winter. The external conditions of the cotton trade from
which the ruin of the manufacture sprung remain unchanged
and there is little prospect of that cheapness of material on
which former prosperity was based. Present alleviations of
the distress Will, some of them, cease when summer and
autumn have passed. Private savings are spent, credit ex-
hausted, relief funds diminished. Therefore, it is not un-
reasonable to anticipate that though the distress of the ap-
proaching winter may visit fewer hearths, its severity
where it falls may be greater, because the means of reliev-
ing it may be less.

spending weeks (viz., the 32d week in each of the years
1853-62), with the omission of deaths from cholera in 1854,
and with a correction for increase of population, is 1,252.
The actual number in last week therefore exceeds the esti-
mated number by 150.
The deaths from smallpox in the last three weeks were
successively 34, 43, and 49. Of these 49 cases 13 are stated
to have occurred to persons on whom vaccination had been
performed. The Registrar of Haggerston East e'urned 5
deaths from smallpox in the week, which is more than was
returned by any other sub-district of London, except Isling-
ton West, in wnich the Smallpox Hospital is situate.
Scarlatina was fatal in 115 cases, and diptheria in 15.
F?om the former disease there were 5 deaths in the St. John,
Westminster, sub-district, 14 in the district of Pancras, 9
in Islington, 5 in the sub-district of Hackney-road, 4 in that
of Artillery, Whitechapel ; 4 in Limehouse, 7 in Alile-end
Old-town, 8 in Bow.
The most fatal of all the epidemics was diarrhoea, which
always predominates at this season, and which last week
caused 184 deaths, From the mortality of this complaint
in Islington it appears to prevail much in that district.
But the deaths from diarrhoea in London have not increased
within the last fortnight. In the last three weeks the
numbers were 233, 201, and 184,

There were 15 deaths from cholera, chiefly among infants.
The wife of a labourer is reported to have died, on the 3d
of August, at 1, High-street, Bromley, of Asiatic cholera.
A boy aged three years died of coup-de-soleil ; and the
wife of a butcher of "malignant pustules," after seven
days' illness.
A Greenwich pensioner died at the advanced age of 99
years.

Last week the births of 919 boys and 853 girls, in all
1,772 children, were registered in London. In the corre-
sponding weeks of the years 1853-62 the average number
(corrected) was 1,797.
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean height
of the barometer in the week was 29.837 in. The reacting
decreased to 29.71 in. on Wednesday, and it rose to 29.98 in.
on Saturday. The mean temperature of the air in the week
was 65 deg., which is 2.9 deg. above the average of the
same week in 43 years (as determined by Mr. Glaisher).. The
mean daily temperature was above the average throughout
the week, though the excess was small during the greater
part of it. The lowest night reading of the thermometer
was 54 1 deg., and occurred on ts,unday. The highest day
reading was 82'9 deg., aril occurred on the following day,
The range of the thermometer in the week was, therefore,
28.8 deg. The mean daily range was 20 6 deg. The differ-
ence between the mean dew point temperature and air tem-
perature was 6.2 cleg. The mean degree of humidity of the
air was 81 (complete saturation being represented by 100).
The wind was daily in the south-west. Nearly 2-10ths of
an inch of rain fell, chiefly on Thursday. There was thun-
der on the morning of Sunday.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

TIMES.—When the unexpected news of Sir Cress-
well Cresswell's sudden death burst upon the
town every man asked his neighbour, in a tone of
hopeless speculation, "Whom can they appoint to
succeed him ?" Sir Cresswell had made his own
Court ; he had arranged his own practice; he had
disciplined his own Bar; he had acquired an abso-
lute dominion over his own suitors. No one had
ever thought of any other Judge of the Divorce
Court than the man who filled the place with such
all•sufficiency. He was so strong in mind and so
unfailing in body that we had not considered that
he was treading upon the verge of the working
existence of ordinary men. He had made no men-
tion of retiring. He was altogether unconscious
of the disease which had so fatally sapped his
life. However well he had earned a right to pass
his latter years in a learned leisure, the public
would
Perhaps hive murmured a little if he had
left a post
where he was so indispensable. ' The
sudden summons, however, came, and be died in
harness. We had nct been prepared for so
quick a necessity to answer the question
—Who among our judges is fit to be the successor
to Sir Creswell Cress well ? It is now announced
that Sir James Wilde, one of the barons of the Ex-
chequer, is to be removed to the Probate and Divorce
Court. We cannot say that either the profession or
the public have received this intelligence with un-
qualified content. We will not inquire whe-
ther Mr. Baron Wilde combines in himself
all the qualities necessary to the highest
point of efficiency in the Judge of Matrimonial
Causes; and Mr. Baron Wilde is so fully entitled to
our respect that we would not willingly put any
question which might seem to imply a slight. It is,
however, no disparagement to him to say that,
whatever may be his qualities as a lawyer and a
man of the world, he is not physically a strong
man capable of hard work. As an amiable lawyer
of respectable abilities, he will no doubt do all that
can be reasonably expected of a judge who to this
intellectual calibre adds the misfortune of a delicate
physique, and it certainly will not be his fault if
the profession shall see a difference between the
Divorce Court as it was and as it will be. The Di-
vorce Court, however, is not in its nature a sanato-
rium; it is much more of a gymnasium. We want
strength,and power, and sinew there, both physical
and intellectual, and there is at least a very general
impression that by this appointment we are not
likely to gain all these. We admit the great diffi-
culty of the choice. When the public looked around
they could not recollect among their eligibles Chief
Justice Erie or Sir Rounds!! Palmer, because unfor-
tunately the place to be filled is not one of the great
prizes of the profession, and when these names have
been spoken it would be difficult to name another
of lower rank which would carry with it universal
conviction that every condition had been fulfilled.
It is not therefore in any spirit of captious criticism
that we remark upon this appointment; but simply
to point out the necessity that when you appoint
an ailing man to a place of great importance you
must make his labour light. It is ph3 sically im-
possible that Sir James Wilde can do the work that
Sir Cress well Cressweli did, and it will not be fair
either to him or to the public to put him to do it.
Even Sir Cresswell was pumping in a well with the
water always up to his lips. We cannot afford to
have this court discredited by delays and choked by
arrears. It has a number of natural enemies through-
out the country, and any shortcomings in its work
will be made use of for superstitious and sectarian
objections to the system of law it administers. It
would be a great pity to deprive it of all the ad van
tage which a full judicial staff might give it. The
at nexation of the Probate jurisdiction to the Matri-
monial jurisdiction was at first a ridicu. lou_s. e
.
to an absurd association of ideas ; Str James
Wilde is to go to the Divorce Court, it will, we
fear soon become necessary to hand over the Pro-
bate business to another judge.
POST.—To-day is the day with which, in the esti-
mation of a very considerablein reality begins.
and influential section
of her Majesty's subjects,
Not the autumn of the peopleautumn woodlands, chilly
which is associated
with falling leaves, reddening
nights and mornings, and roast goose at Michaelmas
but the autumn of patrician and opulent sportsmen,
the autumn of sultry days upon the hills, an autumn
which is still summer ere a single hectic hue is per-
ceptible in the deep green copses. It is the 12th of
August
losi lietitia voces ad sidera jactant,

Intonsi montes.
Ere these lines can greet the reader's eye a thousand
keen marksmen will be awakening the echoes of the
Highlands, and as many head of grouse have flut-
tered bleeding into the heather. Shooting in all its
branches is by far the most exclusive of field sports.
It is only a rich man who can preserve game, and
it is only those who find it worth while to pay three
guineas for the privilege who are allowed to shoot it.
The preservation of foxes costs, on the other hand, a
mere trifle, and any man who has only a donkey
to bestride may join in the pursuit if he chooses.
Angling, too, has always been to some extent a sport
open to the poor. No license is required for it, and
the expense of preservation, though often consider..
able, is as nothing compared to hares and pheasants.
With grouse of course the great expense is the hire
of the moor; but even on the mcor a considerable
staff of keepers and watchers has to be kept up.
And the sport itself being conducted on a larger.
scale, and the game more remote and inaccessible,
becomes of necessity the privilege of still fewer
than partridge or even pneasants. Yet grouse
shooting, though more exclusive and aristocratic,
is, for obvious reasons, less unpopular than at ooting
of any other kind. In the first place, people who
cannot shoot grouse do not asa
rule see grouse.
And thus one source of irritation is removed. In
the second place, as they cannot be preserved in
exactly the same style as more domestic game, they
e d
do not involve those desperate conflicts with the
poachers which bringo so much odium on
.preservers.
Thirdly, they do
c
farmers' crops, comparatively little injury to the
and hence another topic of invective
familiar to a certain
class of malcontents is not
suggested by "The Twelfth." For all these rea-
sons a , • pt cultar superiority attaches to this noble
sport, independently of those attractions which are
almost universally acknowledged. The change of
scenery, the beauty of the bird himself, the com-
plete freedom of the hillside, and the bracing air
which is Waal -d delightandexhilarate the shooter
• ,
more than it is possible that the finest southern
shooting ground should do, But over and above
all this there must, in the minds of many great men
at least, be the agreeable consciousness that, in
turning oat this morning, they leave behind all
grumbling jealousies and heartburnings. Of course,
among the very great magnates of the land the dis.
content produced by game-preserving is hardly, if
at all, felt ; and in a great many districts we must
remember it does not exist. By proper manage-
ment and liberality the most populous preserves
may be kept up without creating a spark of
ill-fe l-
ing in the neighbourhood. But it is notorious that
they often do create it ; and then, unless the estate
is eery large and the tenantry particularly cuutinuF,

complaints will reach the owner's ears, or oftener
we should say his eyes, which must"detract more or
less from the pleasure of knocking down his birds.
To see a farmer look on unsympathisingly at a
neat "right and left," and thee walk moodily
away, evidently occupied in calculating the
damage which he undergoes that another may enjoy
the fun, is disturbing to the best balanced minds.
The farmer may be quite in the wrong. His com-
pensation may be ample. But still clearly he is out
of humour. Now, from all this kind of petty annoy-
ance grouse shooting is quite free. That is a great
point. It is also, as far as regular shooting goes,
like the first plunge into the sea to the overworked
barrister or doctor—and the difference between that
plunge and what you get on the Ist of September
is as great, if experts aro to be trusted, as the diffe-
rence between bathers from a machine and jumping
out of a boat into clear water a good mile or two
from land. These may be but travellers' tales, and
we do not believe in the whole of this alleged supe-
riority. But some of it is evidently true. One of
the great and growing advantages of all field sports
at the present day is in the healthy tone which they
impart to the members of fashionable society. There
has been a time in England when fox-hunting and
partridge shooting were looked on as the amuse-
ments of boors. The consequence was that the
sportsman was deficient in refinement, and the fine
gentleman in manliness. The two were seldom found
united. The season was in those days in the winter,
and when that was over, instead of the healthy
alternations of rural life, the exquisite of the period
sought only to make a mimic London of Bath or
Tunbridge Wells. A fine gentleman, as we learn
from the Spectator, paid a flying visit to his estate
once in three. years, "to raise his rents and de-
bauch a milkmaid," and this was all his tenants
ever saw of him. Nothing but evil could spring
from such a system as this; and the modern
method of passing the opening or early summer in
town, and the autumn and winter in the country,
is the only possible way of averting it. some of
the most polished gentleman in England constitute
the Melton Club. Some of the most manly and
athletic congregate at White's and Brookes's. If
Chesterfield had lived in the the present day he
would have been " a first flyer," in Leicestershire,
as well es the first wit at St. James's; and it is in
the union of these characters, scarcely, we think, to
be met with out of this country, that the peculiar
excellence of the English gentleman consists. Long
life, therefore, to the 12th of August, and let us
add, by anticipation, to the Ist of September also.
Both are red-letter days in the calendar of English
sports; and in the calendar of English sports we
shall not seek in vain for the elements of English
greatness.

HERALD.—The American war has already lost
much of its interest to many persons. They assume,
somewhat hastily, that the North from henceforth
is to have it all its own way, and the conquest of
the Southern republic is now only a question of
time. The South, they say, is now on its last legs;
it has earned a title to the admiration of the world
by having fought so long, and with such success,
against a nation of vastly superior resources and of
similar pertinacity. And so, men who look on upon
such things as a sort of drama played for their edi-
fication, but in which they feel no very particular
interest, go on to speculate on the probable results
of it all, to calculate the combinations that will en-
sue, the regime that may be looked for when the
spirit of the Southern people is finally crushed,
their aspirations for freedom are trodden out. The
men and women of England are not E 0 sentimental
as they were. Time was when a hundred bards
would have wailed in a hundred dirges, a hundred
orators thundered from a hundred platforms, at
the mere suggestion that such a catastrophe was
impending. Time was when Hope was repre-
sented by the poet as raising her pinions and
taking her leave of a miserable world, because the
promise of a resuscitated Poland turned out to be
a dream, when the Goddess of Liberty shrieked
at the failure of the adventurer who was the fore
most to espouse her cause. Is it possible that we
cannot spare for men of our own race and blood one
tithe of the sympathy which we accord to Poles and
Hungarians, to Greeks and Italians, to men of alien
race and foreign creed ? In what respect was Kos-
suth superior to Davis, or why should Kosciusko
take precedence of Lee and Jackson P To enlist our
sympathy in his cause a man must speak an out-
landish tongue, be dressed in a picturesque costume.
The heart does not beat quicker at the heroism of a
man with a common English name; his death is no
occasion for tears, but much a question of interest
to the Stock Exchange, because it may cause cer-
tain shares or funds to fall in value. The possible
subjugation of the dauntless Southern people, their
ruin, extermination, or slavery, are matters that are
calmly debated and reckoned up as so much profit
and loss by a considerable portion of the reading
and writing public. But the fervid anticipations
of their enemies in North America, and the conclu
• sions of their lukewarm friends in this country seem
to us to be equally unwarrantable. Threatened
men, we are told, live long. The South is able to
maintain the struggle for twenty years to come. It
is not impossible at before this campaign is con-
cluded some battle may be fought which will turn
the tide of victory, and again plunge the North into
the depths of despair. It is but, a short time since
we were told from New York that the return of
Lee's army to Fredericksburg or Richmond was
rendered impossible by the attitude of Gen. Meade.
Lee had crossed the Potomac with the plunder of
Pennsylvania, and lay in the Shenandoah Valley.
It was said that the passes of the Blue Ridge
were guarded ; but it appears that he crossed
those mountains without opposition. We next
hear of him in the plain of Virginia, assuming a
defensive attitude, between Culpepper and Gor-
donsville. After that he massed his forces at the
former place, reaely to give battle, the front of his
army extending from Fredericksburg to the
Rapidan. One account represents General Meade
as taking up the old Federal position at Falmouth,
north of the Rappahannock. Another asserts that
he is prepared to dispute with Lee the position of
Fredericksburg, and has even attempted to occupy
the heights to the rear of that important place. If
this be true, there will probably be another battle.
ere the close of the campaign; and this time General
Lee, fighting in the Southern country, and secure
of his communications, will take care that he is not
taken at a disadvantage. A defeat which would
repeat the terrible lesson of Chance lorsville would
in a day the mushroom reputation of the
sh r
generalshrivelup
svhom fortune has so singaiarly favoured
that his friends proclaim him the superior of sucti
soldiers as Lee and Longstreet, Ewell and Hill,
men accustomed to victory and unwilling to accept
a reverse. In comparison with the chance of a
battle on the Rappahannock the movements of the
other armies possess but little interest. Its w
is curiouserere-
presented
that Johnstone and Bragg, whosearnie
but the other day as utterly crushed and
dispersed, seem able still to present a bold front to
the enemy on the line of the Mobile and Ohio Rail-
road. The war in Kentucky is going on with alter-
nate advantage to each of the combatants. The
siege of Charleston is still vigorously prosecuted ;
but since their repulse from Fort Wagner and re-
treat from James Island, the Federals have gained
nothing in this quarter. The Confederates may
meet with aid in more than one quarter. We do not
at present attach much importance to the rumours
of a coming alliance between France and the South ;
and, though the Northerners are pleased to con
sider it an encroachment on their rights, we suppose
that their Government will be forced by its neces-
sities to swallow the bitter pill of the Austro-
French empire in Mexico, which should be a subject
for congratulation everywhere, as promising the
restoration of order in that distracted country.
The mob of the North, and the negroes of the South
—very antagonistic agencies as they may seem—
may yet work together for the confusion of the
Washington Government. Oa the third of this
month the conscription was to be carried out under
the protection of the army at New York. The
people, as far as we can learn, were determined to
resist it, and the next riot, better organised than the
last, may end in the subversion of the Government
of Mr. Lincoln. Meanwhile we understand that
it has been urgently represented to that Government
that if it perseveres in arming negro troops for the
war, the South, on its part, will arm its negro slaves,
and send them out to fight under the masters whom
they are accustomed to obey, and for whom they
feel an affection and reverence far different from the
feeling which they have for those would-be friends,
who, in tl:eir cities, beat and persecute them, and
in the battle-field drive them on like cattle, to be
slaughtered in the front. In a very short time the
, South can send into the War a disciplined army of
750,000 blacks. To the civil struggle between the
whites we shall then have added a civil war between
the negroes. The massacres of St. Domingo will
he repeated, the savage achievements of Dahoinan
warriors outdone. If the North should persevere
in its inhuman policy of arming runaway,in ts
.against their late masters, the "South,
dthaermkeaittspicm, servants
indig-
nation and despair, will retaliate by hurling against
wanadr
willthe
be outdone tbuyyrreiaayddeseteoppfae painted
let eot rfiOnirt. tbhf
is hideous
DAILY NEwe.—lf heroism and martyrdonawenrde
sufficient title-deeds to national existence, P, la
would not now be fighting for the right to live,
Tried in the furnace of affliction, sharpened by de-
spair, andof that
strengthnebl peoplened
eendurance,nasto aeriuire a finer
and firmer temper from the co
daytoofdaaarevolt,
and wearing
out the
h-
carry carrying
weight of an immense army by desultory contests
over an ever expanding area
.
their resolve unsleekeo through loss
and slaughter.
Borne dovm at one point by overwhelming
force,
the insurgents rise in another, like a rsountain tor-
rent that, fed by bubterrauean 4reaale, swells un.