The Sun.
London, England, 1863-01-01 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 1, 1863

where. They have even ventured an attack on
Harper's Ferry, in which they were repulsed. But
all looks like fresh movements in the West. JEF-
FERSON DAVIS himself has been in Tennessee,
and avows his determination to secure that State
for the South, even the Confederates seeming to
think Kentucky and Missouri hopelessly gone to
the North, From Tennessee he has gone to Mobile,
the important remaining Confederate port on the
Gulf, of whose intended capture we have so often
heard ; thence he can go by railroad to Vicksburg,
the yet remaining Confederate port on the Missis-
sippi, to inspect the army there. In the northern
part of the same State, " fighting was going on at
Corinth," from all which we augur that the Confe-
derates are planning some warm work for their
opponents on the great river and on the Gulf. The
Federals on their part seem to be moving in the
same direction. BANKS' fleet appears to have gone
to the Gulf of Mexico, and its rendezvous is fixed
at Ship Island, an 'dead on the Gulf coast of the
State of Mississippi, about midway between New
Orleans and the bay of Mobile. The destination of
the expedition is yet secret, and can be inferred
only from its movements.
Thus, whichever way we look, we see nothing
but indications of continued activity in the war.
North and South seem to be agreed on one point
—to fight it out. The South wants nothing but
a better cause than the slavery of four millions of
men to attract the sympathy of all the world.
Were they not fighting for independence :of the
best faith of Christendom, for independence to en-
force the frightful dependence of slavery on one-
third of their population—the whole world would
be unhesitatingly with them. We could all,
heartily, sympathise with their desire to be inde-
pendent of the North, but how can Christian Eu-
rope sympathise with men who, with the "beam"
of slavery in their " own eye," want to pluck out
" the mote" of Federal Union from the Northern
eye. Let the South be " chivalrous" enongh to free,
its bondsmen, and the world will wish it free of the
North.

LATEST lITTELLIGENCE.

THE KINGDOM OF ITALY.

TURIN, JAN. 1.
At the Court levee the King spoke to the follow.

in g effect :
"He entreated the Parliament to put trust in
him, and expressed the hope that 1863 would be
a happier year than 1862. He alluded to the
folly of dreamers, who endangered public order.
When the pacification of the Southern Provinces
was achieved, the national cause would be fully
triumphant. The spirit of the army was most
excellent, and wholly Italian. With it and a con-
cordant nation the world might be defied."

FRANCE.

PARIS, JAN. 1.

The Moniteur of this morning publishes an Im-
perial decree, fixing the number of Deputies to be
elected in future at 283.

The Afoniteur also announces some nominations
to the Legion of Honour.
The body of the late Archbishop of Paris which
was embalmed yesterday morning, will lie in
state this afternoon in one of the rooms of the
Archiepiscopal Palace arranged for the purpose.
The funeral will, it is thought, take place on Mon-
day next. As Cardinals have a right to the same
civil and military honours as Marshals of France,
deputations of the great bodies of the State will
attend, and the Emperor and the Princes of
the Imperial family will be represented. The
♦arious French Cardinals will come to Paris to pay
a last mark of respect to their late venerable col-
league.

BOURSE, Dec. 31.—Speculators have been engaged
in the arrangements for the settlement to the ex-
cluaion of anything in the shape of fresh operations.
Threes opened at 70f. 53., and after receding to
69f. 90c. are now again at 70f. The Railway
Share Market has been without animation, but
previous prices up to the present time for the most
part maintained. The market became heavy to
wards the close, and left off as follows :-
4# per Cents _ .. 98

mont

• Bank Shares 3325
Credit Fancier 1395
Piedmontese Fives 72
Italian Loan 72 50
• Russian
• Austrian
• Spanhth Threes —
• Home Debt
MAYS.

3 per Cents
Do. end month 69 90

New '3 per Cents ..
Do, end month....

Oren; 1155 --
Do. end month.... --

HAIL

Cash. Account.
1070 -- .. 1071 25

Orleans

Northern
New ditto
Lyons and Mediterranean 1163 75 .. 1165
Geneva.. ..
Southern B2l 25 .. 822 50
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
LON' bard
North of Spain
Saragossa 660 .. 662 50
Ditto to Barcelona

SPAIN.

MADRID, DEC. 31, EVENING.

Three editors of the Epoca, holding Government
appointments, have, in consequence of their differ-
ing from the Government upon the Mexican ques•
tion, tendered their resignation, which has been
accepted. One of the Councillors of State has
also sent in his resignation.

Marshal O'Donnell has declared that he will ac-
cept any resignation which may be tendered.

It is stated that he approves the acts of General
Prim during his stay in Mexico, but not his lan-
guage towards France, nor his ideas relative to
Juarez. Neither does Marshal O'Donnell favour
General Prim's views in regard to the union of the
Liberal party.

RUSSIA.

ST. PETERSBURG, JAN. 1.

An Imperial ukase, published today, extends
the privilege of drawing bills of exchange to
persons not following commercial pursuits, includ-
ing those belonging to civil or military profes-
sions.

The ukase further states that the law on bills of
exchange will, in future, be applicable to military
officers and public functionaries.

is indisputable, as is shown by the fearful losses
they sustained. General Meagher's Irish Bri-
gade went into action 1,200 strong ; 250 alone
survived.

General Butterfield was engaged but half an hour,
and lost nearly 3,000 men.
General Hancock had 40 officers killed and 160
wounded, his total loss being one halt of his divi-

mon.
Burnside is receiving reinforcements, but is in no
condition to renew the contest. He is expected to
visit Washington, to consult personally with the
Government.
General Banks' expedition has proceeded to the
Gulf, but it is not yet known whether its destination
is Mobile or Texas. Five of his vessels have put
into Philadelphia and Port Royal leaky or disabled,
and a sixth has been wrecked on the Crays Fort
Reef, on the coast of Florida.
The late news from the armies of the West indi-
cate that no more forward movements are to be
expected for the present. The M'Clernand
dition against Vicksburg, and to open up the Mis-
sissippi River, is believed to be indefinitely post-
poned.
There is much apprehension of further trouble
with the Indians in the north-west, and a general
massacre of the whites in Minnesota is threatened.
The disaster at Fredericksburg has sent gold
up to 321.
An engagement has taken place at Kingston,
North Carolina, between the Federal General
Foster, with 15,000 men and nine gunboats, and
the Confederate General Evans, at the head of a
larger force.
The latest accounts represent that the Federals
gained the victory, which had previously been
claimed by the other side.
A party of 180 Confederates succeeded in destroy-
ing the town of Plymouth, North Carolina, by sur-
prising and routing the Federal garrison there.
They captured several prisoners and severely
damaged the United States gunboat Southfield,
which lay in the river.
On the 12th inst., the United States gunboat
Cairo ran upon a torpedo sunk in the ZAZOO river,
which exploded under her bows, shattering the hull
so badly that she sank in 15 minutes afterwards,
and will prove a total loss.
The House of Representatives has passed, on
the Army Appropriation Bill, 731,000,000 dols. for
maintenance of the army for the year ending June
1864, by a vote of 107 to 3.
The International Relief Committee has received
118,439 dole., and the Produce Exchange Commit-
tee 24,090 dols., contributed by merchants and
others for the Lancashire operatives.
The ship George Griswold is now loading for
Liverpool, with supplies for the same, under the
direction of the former.
It is stated that Mrs. Beauregard is lying dan-
gerously ill at her residence in New Orleans, and
that General Butler has sent General Beauregard
an invitation to visit his wife, assuring him of every
protection and courtesy.
Postscript.—General M'Clellan has not yet been
sent for by the President.
Mr. Secretary Seward is reported in the Wash-
ington papers to have resigned office.
It is also reported that General Burnside has
asked to be relieved of his command.

THE BANK OF DEPOSIT.—With a view to put
an end to all litigation on the question of liability,
the Marquis of Aberoorn has proposed to pay to the funds
of the association the sum of £lO,OOO, in satisfaction of the
claims against him as one of the directors of the defunct
bank. After carefully considering the proposition, the
representatives of the creditors, in conjunction with the
committee of depositors, have unanimously resolved to ac-
cept it as a satisfactory settlement.
MOVEMENTS OF THE ALABAMA.—Tha schooner
J. W. Congdon, Captain Simmons, from Point
Petro, Gaudaloupe, West Indies, which arrived at New
York on the 17th ult., has reported that the Confederate
cruiser Alabama had been at Dominica, whether she had
gone in pursuit of a vessel that had taken refuge in the
harbour of that port. The Federal steamer San Jacinto
had been at Point Petro only a few days before, and had
sailed for St. Thomas,

The Toulonnais states that the tempestuous wea-
ther which has lately prevailed in that neighbour-
hood has been also felt on all the coasts of the Mediter-
ranean. The last accounts from the Levant mention that
the regular service of the packets has teen very much im-
peded. The Archipelago has been visited by a series of
storms, accompanied by bail and snow.
THE MONKLAND IRON AND STEEL COMPANY.—
There is now, according to a report that gains uni-
versal credence in this quarter (says the Airdrie correspon-
dent of the Scotsman). every prospect of the long-idle mal-
leable-iron works belonging to this company, at Calderbank,
being put into activity in the course of a few days. A large
order for the supply of a quantity of iron plate for Govern-
ment ship-building purposes is said to have been accepted
by the company, and the fulfilment of so extensive an un-
dertaking will necessitate the employment of the large roll-
ing-mills at their disposal. Work will thus be found for at
least 500 men, not to speak of the increased impetus given
to their coal and ironstone mining traffic, in furnishing raw
material for the manufacture. The intelligence brightens
very considerably the prospects of the Airdrie traders,
which have been somewhat gloomy for a length of time.
A NOVELTY.—The South-Eastern Gazette states
that in the town of Deal, one day during the late gale, the
novel sight was seen of a small punt paddling up Alfred-
row, to afford assistance to the folks in flooded cottages, or,
as was the case in one instance, to convey a dinner from a
neighbouring bakehouse no longer accessible.

LONDON GENERAL OMNIBUS COMPANY (Limited.)
--Traffic receipts for the week ending December 23, 1862,
V. 1,368 17s. 7d.

GALLANT RESCUE.—During the outward voyage
of her Majesty's troopship Adventure to Samaica
she was, on Nov.l9th, overtaken by a severe:thunderstorm.
When it was at its height a lad fell overboard from the fera-
-1 topmast crosstrees. A seaman, Henry Widge, seeing the
lad was unable to help himself, jumped overboard from the
poop to his assistance, and supported him above water until
a boat was lowered and rescued them both. The arrival of
the boat was not a moment too soon, as the strength of
Widge was all but gone. The military officers on board
were so pleased with the spirit and promptitude displayed
by Widge that they subscribed £l2 at once among them-
selves, which they presented to him as some reward for his
courage.

DISCOVERY OF GOLD AT THE CAPE OF GOOD
HOPE. Gold has been found upon the farm of
Mr. Mostert. The gold has been analyzed by Mr. Schtnie•
terloew, ch, mist, and the Argus is assured by the" Cali-
fornian Golddigger" who dug it up that Mr. Schmieter-
loew had pronounced it to be " quite pure."—Cap# and
Natal News.

It is stated in an American paper that General
M'Clellan is preparing a history of military affairs while he
was in command.

FORDA TO THE LADIES OF ENGLAND.—In my
kitchen no hoop or crinoline is permitted; and this
is easy to enforce, because in the parlour nobody desires to
wear either. The servants must do as they choose out of
doors ; and if they annoy fellow-worshippers at church I
cannot help it butdinnefswoiololknoo have
ommaynfasomdilryesfisree madeds
as
sto
invite destruction my family
by burning. What I want to know is
whether the responsible women of this country ever think
of this class of their sisters; whether they are unaware that
the same feelings which make them imitate empresses and
princesses in style make our servant-maids imitate ladies ?
I want to know whether the slavery is more degrading and
absurd in one rank than in another; and whether the
sense which should despise it ought to be expected among
maid-servants while ladies are incapable of it ? I want to
know whether any lady in England really expects the cot-
tager's wife to go buying patent starches, used in royal
laundries, in order to render safe her child's cotton frock
for school, or Molly's calico petticoats, when she goes to be
scullion ac the Squire's ? If ladies are still burnt by the
dozen in muslins and gauzes, are housemaids and cooks to
be scolded for being burnt in calico and print ?-0 nee a
Week.

In the palmy days of the Edinburgh _Review,
Sydney Smith happened to call on a colleague, whom
he found to his surprise actually reading a book for the
purpose of reviewing it. Having expressed his astonishment
in the strongest terms, his friend inquired how he managed
when performing the critical office. "Oh 1" said Smith,
"I never read a book before reviewing it; it prejudices a
man so."

Importing tea without colour on the leaf prevents
the,Chinese passing off inferior brown leaves as in the usual
Horniman•s tea is uncoloured, therefore always
good alike, Sold in packets by 2,280 agents,

MAGAZINE-DAY.

Blackwood's Magazine.
"A Month's Visit to the Confederate Headquar-
ters" is the first article met with, and it is one of con-
siderable interest. A great deal of varied informa-
tion is afforded by this stirring sketch of personal
observation, in a quarter to which the world has
so lately turned with wonder and attention. Many
little anecdotes testify to the superior skill and
prowess of the troops of the South. When visit-
ing General Randolph, the Secretary of War, the
travellers were surprised to see the numbers of
Yankee regimental colours that were heaped in
corners, and piled up in bunches. The infantry
accoutrements had generally been taken from the
Northerners, and the following passage still more
forcibly illustrates the idea

It was amusing to see "U.S." marked upon every wag-
gon and upon almost all ambulance-carts which we passed.
The North have not only clothed and equipped the millions
of men whom they boast of having had at various times en-
rolled, but they have also similarly supplied the Southern
armies. Into whatever camp you go, you are sure to see
tents, carts, horses, and guns all marked with the " -U.S."
Officers have declared to me, that they have seen whole re-
giments go into action with smooth-bore muskets and with-
out greatcoats, and known them in the evening to be well
provided with everything—having changed their old mus-
kets for rifles 1 The Northern troops have been so libe-
rally supplied with all, and, indeed, I may say, more than
a soldier wants in the field, that they do not value their
knapsacks or blankets, and in action invariably throw them
away before they "skedaddle ;" knowing that if they suc-
ceed by their swiftness in living to "fight another day,"
their Government will provide them with a new kit, rifle,
and all.

An interesting account is given of an interview
with the Southern Generals, and after describing
some of their chief attributes, a comparison is insti-
tuted between them. We are told that the sol-
diers' feeling for General Lee is like what the
troops of Wellington entertained for him, but that
Jackson, like Napoleon, is idolised by his men. The
writer of this sketch is of opinion that our policy
has been a mistaken one in regard to America.
Thucydides affirmed that he who declares for no
party is not esteemed by any, and it le said that
our timid policy has made no friends for
us in the Northern States. This brilliant sketch is
thus concluded,
It seems to be the unanimous opinion of all in the South
that nothing but foreign mediation in the form of a deter-
mined intervention by the great European Powers can ever
end the war ; and it is evident, although they may not
like to confess it, that the eyes of every Southerner are still
turned to England. The next meeting of Parliament, how-
ever' will show what the feelings of our people are with re-
gard to the matter, and whether those who hold the reins
of Government will consider that the time has come for
putting an end to the most inhuman struggle that ever dis-
graced
a great nation, such as the Republic of the United
States once was, though now it is merely the military des •
potism of a portion of the States striving under the dictator-
ship of an insignificant lawyer to crush out the freedom of
tho rest.
In the " Chronicles of Carlingford," Salem Chapel
reaches its conclusion this month. The last portion
of this story is very powerfully described, and par-
ticularly the scene at the meeting in which Vincent
resigns his appointment, and to the regret and
amazement of friends and foes flings back the olive
branch so tardily held out to him, and tells his
enemies to do their worst since he has forestalled
their direst intention and resigned the post from
which they purposed to dismiss him summarily.
Some of the latter incidents are rather improba-
ble, but the tale is a success as being an exciting
one, and in some parts it is rife with the sensation
element now so prevalent. Perhaps the per-
sonage most pleasing to the reader is honest old
Tozer. His genuine nature and straightforward
independent conduct are a relief after the cunning
of some, the mysteries of others, and the general
confusion that reigned paramount in the circle that
clustered in that perplexed little town of Carling-
ford. "Caxtoniana," contains a chapter on "Motive
Power." Some of the thoughts are strikingly ex-
pressed, and we meet occasionally with a graceful
passage that arrests notice, as for instance when a
" garden" is described as a " poem and a picture,
forming as it were the decorated border-land,
between Man's house, and Nature's measureless
domains." "Mr. Thomas Trollope'sltalian Novels,"
criticis"s, in a vigorous style, some of the chief
points in these noticeable works. The striking
characters of La Beata and the Artist Pippo are
duly descanted upon, and some exaggerations of
the author's, regarding Pippo's superstitions, are
well exemplified. The story of Marietta is also
shown to contain inconsistencies, while, at the
same time, a just tribute is paid to Mr. Trol-
lope's merits, and to the skill with which he
delineates the characters of the South. In his
novels, it is said, we have the Italian sky always
about us. " A Sketch from Babylon," is a lively
end smartly-written sketch of fashionable life
and the modes to which some resort, and the
contrivances others adopt in order to gain their
various desires, and further their several plans.
In the last paper, entitled " Belligerent Rights
at Sea," and the changes proposed in them,
great doubt is expressed as to the soundness of
the new plans, and it is most truely argued that
at such a time as the present it behoves us to
keep intact, in all its vigour, that naval power
which is the sheet-anchor of our safety. There
is an article on 4‘ Progress in China," which pre-
sents discursive questions to our consideration,
and earnestly hopes that England will not pre-
judice a promising future, by leaving the Empire
without assistance in its time of need. Altogether
this New Year's number of Maga contains much
desirable reading of a varied sort, and thus in-
augurates the season with an auspicious opening.

Dublin Magazine.

" A Souvenir of Chapelizod" is continued at some
length, and the complicated narrative approaches
its conclusion. This tale of Irish life has been a
most successful one throughout, and mingled touches
' of feeling and pathos with ludicrous adventures
and smart repartees. The illustrations of character
have throughout been admirable, and the extraor-
dinary incidents recorded make the tale appear in
parts like one of the old romances. " Shakspeare,
his Biographers and Critics," is an elaborate article
that will repay perusal. After descanting upon
the rival merits of the numerous commentators, this
wise advice is giyen to youth—" Young readers
should read Dr. Johnson's preface once and again,
and they will not only become familiar with one
of the most masterly pieces of composition in
our language, but they will know more of the great
bard, and will glean a more distinct image of his
character and genius, of the scope of his mind, and
the depth of his knowledge than they will sub-
sequently extract from a whole library of misty
conjecture and tiresome speculation." In conclu-
sion, it is asked, how will Shakespeare fare in his
lawful home on the metropolitan stage in these
days of sensation everything. It is most desirable
ever and anon to turn aside from the host of novel-
ties that surround us and cast a backward glance at
some old landmark of sterling excellence, or lasting
renown. In studying the Bard of Avon, however,
' it is not altogether retrospective contemplation,
since h© who lived not for an age but for all time
' belongs to us now, as he will do to posterity here-
' after. The lines which are prefixed to these re-
' marks are worthy of their subject :
"Each change of many-coloured life he drew,
Exhausted worlds, and then imagined new,
Existence saw him spurn her bounded reign,
And panting time toiled after him in vain."
Another studious paper is "Voltaire his Life, and
his Genius." It is asserted that, did anyone' ask
who was the most brilliant and powerful being of
the eighteenth century, the universal reply would
be "Voltaire." His life of eighty-four years
is rife with material for comment, and it is truly
said that his works resemble a gigantic tree, but it
is a tree of good and evil with a harvest of healthy
fruit, it has also cast a upaa shadow. After an
elaborate analysis, perhaps we could hardly find a
better summing up of this strange man's works than
is given as follows The hundred Voltarian
volumes wi,l always be attractive to mature minds,
literary or other. Of the books of Voltaire, the
Benefactor, their work is done, as far as they are
concerned, or is perpetnited in other minds. The
stimulus they have given to the world is progressive.
As to the books of Monsieur de Voltaire, the De-
stoyer, their work is also partly achieved, and
whatever evil they contain may in this happier and
brighter century be safely permitted to remain
unOisturbed in the dust of libraries." " The Eng-
lish Penal System—its Failures and its Vices," is a
very sensible article on the important domestic
question of the day. It begins by eulogising Baron
Bramwell for the masterly manner in which he
vindicated the outraged majesty of the law, but it
gees on to inquire " How, if the good work thus
promisingly begun by a bold English judge were
to be hindered, if not undone, by the crotchets of a
prison director or the indifference of a
Secretary of State. The argument against
the existing statutes of convict laws is
clinched by the suggestion that in all probability
some of those sentenced to life imprisonment will,
be again allowed to molest our
ravage the public, who so lately rejoiced
a
prospect of not seeing their faces again. It
streets in
athe
and y ee.s
is truly said that the attempt to coddle convicts has
signally broken down, and in future English rulers
must be just before they are merciful. Let them
remember that the first principle of penal discipline
is to protect society by making an example of the
wrong-doer throughout the whole of his imprison-
ment, the sense of penal suffering, however light-
ened by good behaviour, should never be allowed to
lose all trace of its first bitterness. If these maxims
are acted upon in high
Plilf•lesi it ,a ill be conducive
of good and great results, and the sooner the better,
since innocent lives are being sacrificed in order that
the guilty may go free i and after a few years of)
'uxorious idleness in gaol pass on pith renewed

force to their old haunts and resume their ancient
offences. This paper is well calculated to impress
one forcibly with its arguments and explanations.
There are amusing little Sketches met with, which
come in agreeably to relieve the monotony of the
heavier eubjects to this serial.

Fraser's Magazine.

"Fraser" does not begin the year in holiday
guise, for the number is somewhat heavy. It
opens with an article of formidable dimensions on
the sale of waste lands and redemption of the land
tax in India. Without entering at length into the
merits of this weighty question, we may r(-matk
that while the writer is no doubt correct in depre-
cating hasty and conclusive legislation on a matter
of such vital importance, he does not, we think,
attach due value to tho immense advantage
India herself will derive from improved cultivation
and enlarged commerce, nor does he sufficiently
consider that the ignorant and prejudiced natives
may not be the.best judges of their own interests.
An article from the pen of Miss Carpenter on any
subject connected with the reformation of the fallen
cannot fail to have weight and interest. The topic
she selects is the present system of treating our
female convicts, and the conclusion at which she
arrives is very similar to the pubic opinion respect-
the male convict prisons, namely, that there is need
of a sterner discipline. Many of the statistics which
she gives are startling in their evidence that the
prison system which taxes us so heavily is, at the
the best, a dead letter, so far as reformation of the
offender is concerned. If such a reflection is pain-
ful and alarming, when the offenders are men,
what must it be when they are females, whose in-
fluence over their families is so dis astrously power-
ful. Miss Carpenter says emphatically, and cone
can question her experience, that among the lower
classes a family may be brought up well by a good
mother, even if the father is worthless, but that she
has never heard of any instance of children grow-
ing up well under a bad mother, however excellent
may have been the influence of the father. She
cites two instances. In one of them a widow was left
with three sons and three daughters. The career
of these unhappy children, as briefly stated by Miss
Carpenter, affords forcible evidence of the interest
which society has in the reformation of its female
criminals. On one occasion the three girls were seen
in gaol together—it being their eighth conviction, and
the youngest of them being only fifteen. They had
lived together in London by picking pockets, in
which respectable profession they were adepts.
They were once got into a refuge, but the mother
soon removed them. The sons ran a similar race
of crime, and the eldest is now under sentence of
fourteen years' penal servitude. " How much,"
says the writer justly, " that one woman has cost
to the Government and to society through her chil-
dren." The other case is even more painful, from
the repeated frustration of benevolent efforts to re-
claim the girls by the evil influence of their wicked
mother. This woman had not only brought her
children up to theft, but, as she herself proudly
stated, she had trained fifty young girls to the same
trade. The reverse of the picture we have most of
us seen in the influence of a good mother, under
whatever disadvantages she may be placed, but it
is for the reprobates that society has to answer, and
through them it has to suffer, should the proposed
system of punishment and reformation prove to be
merely a suspension of opportunity and a
transformation of the weak and inexpe-
rienced dupe into the hardened and shame-
less offender. Following this article is one
of the most interesting papers in the number,
a brief sketch of the career of Maurice de Guerin,
one of those highly gifted and sensitive beings
to whom, as to our own Keats and Chatterton, For-
tune and Nature have alike denied the full dew- lop-
ment of their rare faculties. He was a French.
man, who died at the early age of 28, without
having published any work. Yet that there was
material enough in him to have raised him to a
high position in the literature of his country, no
one who reads the fragments ably translated by Mr.
Matthew Arnold can hesitate to believe. He was
a worshipper of Nature, one of those to whom the
great mother possesses a charm and a fascination
nothing else can supply. He possessed in a rare
degree that sympathy with her spirit which puts
us in harmony with the outer world. Of this
quality Mr. Arnold says:—
The interpretations of science do not give us this inti-
mate sense of objects as the interpretations of poetry give
it ; they appeal to a limited faculty, and not to the whole
man. It is not Linnaeus, or Cavendish, or Cuvier who
gives us the true sense of animals, or water, or plants, who
seizes their secret for us, who makes us participate in their
life; it is Shakapeare, with his

Daffodils
That come before the swallow dares, and take
The winds of March of beauty;
it is Wordsworth, with his

voice . . . heard
In spring-time from the cuckoo-bird,
Breaking the silence of the seas
Among the farthest Hebrides ;
it is Keats, with his

moving waters at their priestlikc task
Of cold ablution round Earth's human shores;
it is Chateaubriand, with his "time iudeterminee des
forts ;" it is Senaucour, with his mountain birch-tree.
Guerin's career was brief and comparatively un-
eventful. The most remarkable event of his life
was his sojourn at the retreat of La Chenaie, among
the followers of the Abbe Lamennais. In that
circle he met congenial spirits, and in the woods of
Brittany the child of sunny Languedoc found new
phases of the nature which was his idol. His life,
after leaving this retreat, was less congenial. He
passed a few happy months with a friend, and
then he entered the whirl of Paris life. A literary
career was open to him, but though his first at-
tempts met ready encouragement, his temperament
was too fastidious, too uncertain, to accept such a
profession. He took refuge in teaching, and for
four years the worshipper of nature, gifted with
rare powers of expression, passed his time in labo-
rious and unprofitable duties. In the autumn of
1838 he married a lady of some fortune, and the
necessity for drudgery was over, but too late. He
died of consumption the following summer. Promi-
nent among the remaining articles are a sketch of
Edward Irving and a paper on Naval Architecture.
We have also instalments of two tales, and several
poetical contributions, none of which are above
mediocrity.

Bentley's Miscellany.
First and foremost in the attractions of Bentley
comes the continuation of Cardinal Pole, from the
facile pen of its able editor. The scene lies, of
course, in the days of Philip and Mary, and this
instalment describes the arrival of the haughty
Spaniard at Southampton. After an interesting
account of the town as it was in 1554, we follow the
fortunes of the Prince, who takes a ramble with
one solitary attendant incognito in his new king-
dom. His introduction to it is by no means
pleasant, according to Mr. Ainsworth, for he first
overhears many discourteous remarks about his
own unpopular self; next some disparaging com-
ments on his Royal bride; and, lastly, becomes
involved in a serious affray, and narrowly escapes
With his life. The particulars of this last adven-
ture we will give in the author's own words :
Scarcely were the words uttered, when the clashing of
steel was heard without, accompanied by other sounds,
proving that a desperate conflict was going on.
" I must leave you, Constance, and fly to his assistance,"
cried the Prince,
.plucking his rapier from its sheath.
" No," she rejoined, holding him. "Your life is too
precious to be thus sacrificed—too precious to the Queen."
" I will strike down these assassins in her name," re-
joined Philip. " I am proof against their blades. The
son of Charles V. is not destined to perish thus obscurely."
" 'Twere far better you sought an asylum here; but, if
go you will, may heaven and all good saints guard you 1"
And as she relinquished her hold of him, and sought to
enter the hospital, she found this door was fastened.
Perceiving this, old Dorcas knocked against it, calling
out lustily " Within 1 I say, within !" But there being
no answer to the summons, she added despairingly, "Deaf
old Absalom, the porter must have gone to bed. What will
become of us 1"

Meanwhile; the Prince had quickly divested himself of
his cloak, and, wrapping part of it round his left arm,
leaving the other half hanging down, he flew to the passage,
rapier in hand. On reaching it, he found it oc3upied by
Osbert and his assailants. The young man was defending
himself like a lion against his opponents, one of whom he
had already disabled, but he was compelled to retreat; his
position being such, that for the moment the Prince could
render him no assistance. But the foremost of the assis-
sin band caught sight of Philip, and shouting out to his
comrades,
"There stands the accursed Spanish Prince who would
enslave us ! We have him now—we have him I" Where.
upon, incited by the words, they attacked Osbert so furi-
ously that they drove him down the passage.
" Ah I why do I find your Highness here ?" cried young
Clinton, despairingly, as the Prince joined him, and helped
him to keep off his assailants.
" You hear what he says, comrades," cried the leader of
the band, a formidable •looking ruffian in a buff jerkin and
and steel cap, who looked like a disbanded soldier. "I was
not mistaken, you see. 'Tis the Prince in person. 'Tis
the bloodthirsty tyrant who would rob us of our liberties,
and place us under a foreign yoke; who would force us by
fagot and fire and other severities, conceived in hell, to re-
turn to the newish idolatries we have abjured. But he has
been delivered into our hands ere the wicked devices of his
heart can be accomplished. It is Heaven's will that he
should die, and in putting him to death we shall earn the
gratitude of our country."
" Besides the hundred rose-nobles each that we are to
have for the deed," cries one of his comrades.
" I would do the deed for nothing," shouted another of
the band, " for it will redound to our credit. So have at
him 1" _ _

Harkye, young sir," cried the leader of the band, ad-
dressing Osbert, •‘ We do not desire your life—nay, we
would willingly spare you. Our sole object is to crush this
spawn of hell. Retire, and leave him to our justice."
" Think you I will stand tamely by and see you execute
your ruthless purposd villain ?" cried young Clinton. "No,
I will defend the Prince to the last gasp."
" Your blood be upon your own heal, then," rejoined
the
"ruillan. " Upon them, comrades I Strike, and spare
not,

" Thou, at least, will never bo my executioner," cried
the Prince.

And as the rurfiah made A desperate lounge at him, he

dexterously caught his sword in the hanging part of
cloak, and returning with a full thrust, transfixed his anta-
gonist with his rapier.
" This conies of Spanish practices," groaned the wretch,
as he fell to the ground. "Had he fought like an Eng-
lishman, without the cloak, I had killed him. Revenge me,
comrades," he added, with his last breath.
" 1 have done thee too much honour in killing thee, vile
caitiff," cried Philip, spurning the body with his foot.
The death of their leader caused a momentary pause in
the assault. But determined to make sure of their prey,
three of the ruffians now attacked the Prince, leaving the
fourth engaged with Osbert. But for his activity and ad-
dress it might now have fared ill with Philip. His cloak
saved him from many a deadly thrust aimed at his breast,
and distracted his assailants. Strange to say, he was en-
tirely untouched, though all three of his opponents had felt
the point of his weapon. He tried to separate them, but
without success. They were too wary to be caught by the
stratagem.
In this way he was driven back towards the door of the
hospital, before which stood Constance and old Dorcas, un-
able to gain admittance, and filling the court with cries for
help. Precisely at this juncture, and as if to afford him a
means of retreat, the door of the hospital was thrown open
by old Absalom, the porter, who held a lamp in his hand,
and was shaking with terror. While stepping nimbly back-
wards in the hope of stepping through the doorway, Philip
encountered some obstacle, and fell, thus lying at the mercy
of his opponents.
In another moment all had been over with him, if Con-
stance had not heroically thrown herself before him, and
the ruffians, having some touch of manhood in their breasts,
forbore to strike. With terrible oaths, however, they
ordered her to stand aside, but, with unshaken resolution,
she maintained her place, and they were preparing to exe-
cute their fell purpose in spite of her, when a loud clatter
in the passage leading to the street warned them that suc-
cour was at hand, and made them pause. The next mo-
ment, Rodomont Bittern and his friends, shouting and
flourishing their swords, and accompanied by two or three
torch-bearers, rushed into the court.

The continuation of a " Summer in America" de-
scribes a Canadian settler's home and the way he
became possessed of it, fighting through all the
difficulties of uncleared land. A traveller in Rus-
sia gives us his impressions of the empire of the
Czar pleasantly enough, while the narrative of
two Dutchmen describing a visit to Paris in the
days of the Grand Monarque is full of quaint and
entertaining comment on the events of those days.
An imaginary colloquy between John Dryden and
Samuel Pepys certainly goes far to confirm the as-
sertion that the conversation of wits is seldom
witty. A full account of horses and studs in
France will interest the sportsman.

United Service Magazine.
Notwithstanding that America takes precedence
as far as space is concerned, there is room left for
one or two other subjects; and the first that meets
the eye in this number is a paper on the applica-
bility of iron plates to the defence of forts. We
are sorry that the writer, having evidently taken
much pains with his subject, started upon such
false bases. To a military or naval reader his re-
marks about guns will be taken for their worth,
but to the general reader it is not fair to describe
one class of gun, and endeavour to persuade credu-
lous mortals that all guns are made alike. There
is a want of good faith throughout the article
which carries its own condemnation. "The United
States, Canada, and England," contains an elabo-
rate dissertation on the respective positions of Ca-
nada and the United States. The writer, notwith-
standing that he upholds the American Republic,
sees that the annexation of Canada is about as re-
mote as the reconstruction of the Union, from the
antipathy which Canadians entertain for Yankees
and all their institutions. It is not likely that the
heavy taxes which Mr. Bright's 'vaunted re-
public has imposed upon itself will induce free
colonists to give up constitutional rights for demo-
cratic despotism ; and whatever her aspirations once
might have been, the annexation of Canada is more
impossible to the United States than the conquest of
' the South. Under the head of "Arms and Armies,"
a clever sketch of the armies of Europe is given,
but the article speaks for itself :
The French army of to-day is the creation of the First
Napoleon. The saying of that Great Captain, that; " every
French soldier carries his marshal's staff in his knapsack,"
has never been forgotten. Every soldier knows the history
of the men who entered the army in blouses, and died in a
marshal's uniform. They do not doubt that there are Murata
and Neys now carrying a musket, and that they only want a
great war to develope these characters.
The character of the British army has been earned in
battle and attested by victory. Whenever it has been even
tolerably led, it has been victorious, nor is there any army
in the world which has sustained so few serious reverses.
They are the only troops in the world who look with
indifference on cold points, and who are constantly im-
pelled by a powerful Instinct to close with their enemies.
Their fire is close, steady, and destructive, and their charge
irresistible.
Fault has been found with the English soldiers for not
having the same intelligence as the Frenoh, that they do
not understand the principles of war. The French soldiers
at Quatre-Bras blamed our men for not knowing when
they were beaten. Long may they continue in this state
of ignorance.
We give the above as samples of the author's
analysis of European soldiers. His criticisms of
other nations are equally to the point, but not al-
ways so flattering. " The Royal and Indian Me-
dical Services" contains little of interest to
others than those who are professionally
interested, but the baneful influence of red
tape in the proper organisation of medical staffs
is well pourtrayed. " Greenwich Characters" is
an amusing sketch of old salts, and what they say
of the good old days of Howe, Jervis, and Nelson.
A paper on " The United States and British Co-
lumbia" requires no comment. The pro-American feeling being strong, although the statistics are
carefully collected, the inferences are wrong, and. the conclusions incorrect.

Cornhill Magazine.
" The Small House at Arlington" is now be-
coming more exciting as it proceeds. Lily Dale
evinces great spirit and determination, but the
reader regrets that she should be engaged to so
cold and selfish a man as Adolphus Crosbie. The
proceedings at Burton-cresce-et are ludicrous
enough, and Johnny Eames is getting into an
awful difficulty with Miss Roper. This writer
possesses, in a great degree, the talent of descrip-
tion as regards mr.n and manners, and his efforts
have the happ;.est results, inasmuch as they are
not labourer, but his style is flowing, and his
conversations easy and natural. A paper sure to
attrP.ct considerable notice is that entitled, " The
S:olence of Garotting and Housebreaking." Here
we find a full account of the whole nefarious
system of crime which has so appalled the com-
munity, and stalked abroad in our streets as the
pestilence that destroyeth at noonday. The writer
prefaces his remarks by observing that it is wise
to be informed fully of such doings, since "To
fear the plague is to be half dead of it, and by
the time a gang of desperadoes have intimidated
a whole city, they have become to other rogues
so glorious that they are sure to be imitated, and
imitated by bungling ruffians, more dangerous
even than the original practitioners." He goes on
to explain that, at first, " garotting " was not so
fatal, but ignorant wretches rushed in to emulate
the success, and share the spoils of their friends, and
hence the loss of life, and the other aggravated
evils that have so rapidly ensued. Further on
minute details are given of the system, which are
really useful to know, and all who acknowledge
that " forewarned is forearmed" will do well care-
fully to peruse these pages. Also about house-
breaking, the reader may improve this opportunity
of instruction, and while we read of the adroit cun-
ning and skilled manoeuvres of the thieves, NS e can-
not but regret that the emissaries of the law should
be so far behind them. For instance, the practice
of a policeman taking regular rounds is not calcu-
lated to detect burglaries, since the thieves, know-
ing exactly the time of his arrival at various places,
act accordingly. To confront such sharpers care
and caution are most needful, and it is earnestly to
be hoped that all in authority, from the highest to
the lowest, will make strenuous exertions to grapple
with this difficulty, which is not only a great social
danger, but a slur on their foresight and means of
resistance. A very interesting paper on "Indian
Cossacks" is written by one who is evidently master
of his subject, and to whom the wild Mooltanees
and their daring exploits are familiar. He begins
by remarking that the commonly received opinion
among us is, that the Indian irregular horseman is
a sort of mounted bandit, ready to serve us if it be
made worth his while, so long as he is permitted to
do so in his own way. This impression he shows
to be altogether unfounded, and pourtrays them as
brave, devoted soldiers, whose daring carries all
before them, and whose fidelity to their chief is un-
surpassed. The corps which he selects for example
is Cureton's regiment of Mooltanee cavalry, Of
this tribe he gives an especially high character.
The Mooltanee, he says, is remarkable for gallantry,
truthfulness, love of home, and a chivalrous sense
of honour—qualities that we have certainly not
been accustomed to associate with Asiatics.
Splendid swordsmen, horsemen whom no exertion
can weary, soldiers whom no odds can appal, sub-
jects whom no temptation can withdraw from their
allegiance ; unsurpassed either in the charge, the
pursuit, or the scouting party, and hating the
Sikhs most intensely—the value of the Mooltanees
to the Punjtiub government is great. Unfortunately
the tribe is a small one, numbering no more than
2,500 fighting men." During the Sikh rebellion
they formed part of the force under the command
of Major,Edwardes. In the year of the Indian
mutiny their former chief, then Lieut. Colonel
Edwardes, was commissioner of Peshawur, and in a
critical position. Remembering the courage and
fidelity of his Mooltanee allies, he sent to invoke
their aid. The appeal was promptly answered, and
the station was saved. When no longer needed on
the northern frontier they asked permission to form
a regiment for service in Hindoostan. The request
was granted, the appointment of commandant be-
stowed on Captain Cureton, an irregular officer of
considerable experience, and the results were such
as to surprise the most sanguine, Their leaders