The Sun.
London, England, 1830-10-07 00:00:00

force the march of liberal opinions, or to take any
steps which might irritate those who have exposed
themselves to danger in the cause ; but to float
Ant; with the current, and yield compliance with
every just demand which may be made. It is thus
only that they can either avoid revolution and
bloodshed, or save themselves eventually from being
dealt with in the same way as the ex-King who is
now performing the part of penitent at Lulwortb
Castle.—Morning Advertiser.

In adverting to the numerous meetings which
have been lately held in the metropolis relative to
the new police, it may be as well, for the sake of
perspicuity and fairness, to state seriatim the grounds
of complaint which have been made against it.—
They resolve themselves into charges
Of its being more expensive than the old system.
2. Of the new policemen ►nisconducting themselves in
the discharge of their duty, and being protected by their
superiors in such misbehaviour.
S. Of its being unconstitutional and dangerous to the

liberties of the country.
These at least form the gravamen of the charges
brought against the new police system, though, we
are apt to suspect, with a more sweeping couclu•
sion against its utility than is warranted by the cir-
cumstances of the case. That the expense is univer-
sally greater than that of the old watching system,
we know not to be the case; for in one parish at
least the expense is less, while it may be very fairly
urged on those who pay more than they formerly did,
that they have the benefit of being watched during
the day as well as during the night. The second
objection admits also of considerable abatement.—
Some policemen have, no doubt, very egregiously
misconducted themselves, and it has been said,
though we think unjustly, that they have been pro-
tected in such conduct by their chiefs; but the mis-
conduct of a few is no condemnation of the many,
and still less does it form an argument against the
system itself. Policemen, like all other classes, are,
no doubt, actuated by a sort of esprit de emus,
and as their officers cannot be expected to be
wholly free from the bias, it would have been
much better had the law provided that all com-
plaints against them should be decided before the
usual authorities, instead of being placed at the
disposal of the Commissioners; but the objec-
tion which arises on this point only goes to an
alteration of the system, not to a total abolition of •
it. The third objection is of much more serious
import, and we frankly own that, dthough we fear
no invasion of our liberties from the establishment
of the New Police force, we consider its constitution
extremely repugnant to English ideas of freedom,
and perfectly capable, under a bad Minister, of being
converted into an engine of annoyance and oppres-
sion. Why should it be under the orders of the
Secretary of State for the Home Department ?
Why should it not be appointed and directed by
the different parishes of the metropolis and its neigh-
bourhood ? Why should not the complaints against
it be heard by the ordinary Magistrates, and fluidly
decided by the parish authorities ? These are ques-
tions which comprise the whole of our objections to
the new system; but the objections only go to
change, not to an overthrowing, of the system. The
New Police is a decidedly better invention than the
old system of watching, arid so far us our own-ex-
perience goes we have seen little reason to find
Guilt with the conduct of those who carry it into
effect; and we say, therefore, let it remain—but
remain, not under the direction of the Secretary of
State, but under that of the parochial authorities.
This is a change which, for obvious reasons, ought
to be made, and which, we are confident, would re-
move at once every objection of any magnitude
which really exists against the New Police.—Morn-
ing Advertiser.

REDUCTION OF TAXATION.

(Frotu the Brighton Guardian.)

We had no time last week to advert to the
letter of " Civis" on the Assessed Taxes and en-
force its recommendation. Now,—before Par-
liament meets,—is the time for the people to in-
struct their representatives what they are to tell
the Government from them, and what they are
to require that Government to do. We there-
fore join our voice to that of our correspondent,
and summon the people to petition earnestly,
seriously, and determinedly, for a reduction of
taxation. We do not recommend them to de-
mand the repeal of any particular tax ; but that
each county, each town, each village, each ham.
let, each man, should petition for the repeal of
that tax which he feels most burdensome. To
the inhabitants of towns generally, the Assessed
Taxes are the great grievance. They are odious
from their inquisitorial nature, and they are oner-
ous from the almost impossibility of avoiding
the payment of them.
'1 are other taxes, however, which, being
equally burdensome and inquisitorial as the As-
sessed Taxes, are more injurious to the national
welfine. We consider the Excise and most of
the Custom Duties of this description. The
taxes on soap, on candles, on salt, on spirits,
and on sea-borne coals, with the indiscriminat-

ing ditties on East and West India sugar, on
Baltic and Canada timber, on Portuguese and
French wines, &c., all press heavily on different
classes of the people ; but they have, in addi-
tion, the injurious effects of hampering the gene-
ral industry, and diverting it from the snort pro-
fitable channels. Science can make no improve-
ment in the arts of distillation, of making malt,
and of manufacturing soap and candles, because
the process in each of these arts is prescribed by
law. If the same sort of Excise laws had ex-
tended to the manufacture of cottons, instead of
now buying that necessary article of clothing at
6d. or Is. a yard, we should have been obliged,
like our ancestors before the modern improve-
ments in spinning, weaving, bleaching and dye-
ing, to pay for it 5a., 65., or 7s. a-yard. In all
arts there is a constant and natural tendency to
improvement ; and Excise laws, which prescribe
the process of any manufacturer,—which prevent
him from waking experiments and applying the
discoveries of science to his daily operations, are
not less absurd and injurious than laws directly
prohibiting the progress of knowledge.
The tax on coals has ruined the manufactures

of the South of England and d impoverishe all
this part of the country. The discriminating
duties on timber, sugar; wine, &c., compel us to
use inferior articles. They not only tax the
people for the support of the Government,—but
for the benefit of some classes of men, such as
the West India Proprietors, the Ship Owners,
or the Oporto Company ; which latter, being a
monopoly of the Portuguese Government, the
people of England are actually taxed by the dis-
criminating duty on Po.,,rtugal.
_wines, to pay for
, the extravavagance van well as
the expences of their own Government.
The double injury inflicted by this class of
taxes is well illustrated by the late debates on the
reduction of the duties on beer. it was then
stated in Parliament over and over again by the
Chancellor of the Exchequer, and not contra.
dieted, that the repeal of those duties would be a
benefit to the country equivalent to reducing
taxation to the amount of 4,500,000/. The
actual redOction oftaxation was only 3,000,0001.
and he estimated the restraints which the Excise
duties on beer imposed on industry as equal to
one half of the whole amount of the tax. We
remember that it was stated by. Mr. C. Ferguson
in the debates on the subject of the duties on can.
dies, that if a shepherd on the hills of Scotland
Made a candle or a pound of soap out of the fat

of his owa sheep, unless he went through all the
formalities required by a licensed soap-maker, he
was liable to most ruinous penalties. We have
no doubt that the same penalties are a great in-
jury to all the farmers and all the peasantry of
this part of the island. Throughout Germany,
where there are no such Excise taxes on these
articles, soap and candles are made in the houses
of the farmers. They are a species of domestic
manufacture ; and nothing prevents our own
farmers and peasantry from making candles and
soap for themselves,—for which they have
plenty of time in winter and many advantages in
the fat of the animals they slaughter,--just as
they brew their own beer and make their own
bread,—nothing prevents them, we say, being to
a certain extent manufacturers of soap and
candles, but the necessity of taking out a license
and of calling in the inspection of an excise
officer. Looking then at the restrictions which
Excise duties lay on the industry and ingenuity
of the people, we should prefer the repeal of
them to the assessed taxes. Still, we are not
fastidious, and we will cordially lend our aid to
the inhabitants of towns in demanding the abo-
lition of the assessed taxes, or to the inhabitants
of the country in requiring that the duties on
malt, on soap, and on candles, shall be given tip.
We are indeed extremely glad to see that the in-
habitants of Reading and other places have
already had meetings to petition Parliament
against the assessed taxes, being convinced, to
use the language of Mr. Hume at Glasgow on a
late occasion, " that no reduction will ever be
effected unless it be loudly demanded." Let the
people have no fear of demanding too much.—
fhe Government will take care to give up
nothing which it can help, and it will stop re-
duction far within the bounds of necessity. To
keep faith with the public creditor does not
imply pensioning the sons of the aristocracy by
commissions in the Army and Nary ; it does
not imply expending 650,0001. a year on the
Privy Council ; it does not imply disbursing
300,0001. a year for diplomatic expenses, be-
sides half as much for Consuls ; it does not
imply expenditure for the Colonies, the amount
of which nobody knows ; and though the de-
mantling an immense annual revenue therefore
may be clothed the pretext of preserving public
faith, that we believe is the last consideration
which disturbs the repose of those who devise
schemes of taxation, without any risk to the
public creditor. We would have the people not
be checked in their demands of relief by any
consideration of the wants of the Government;
as they 'nay be thoroughly assured that the Go-
vernment will get all which it possibly can, and
will willingly receive anti use whatever the people
may leave in its possession. It is not the busi-
ness of the people to be careful that the wants of
the Government, real and imaginary, are amply
supplied ; but it is their business to shut up their
pockets and keep them as close as possible against
the hands of the Aristocracy ; whose ingenuity
in getting at the contents of them, though the
means it employs may Le different, is quite equal
to that displayed by the celebrated Barrington.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

MANSION.HOUSE.

A coal-meter, named Facey, was charged before
the LORD MAYOR with having violated the confi-
dence reposed in him, by signing a meter's ticket
for one chaldron (12 sacks) of coals, which proved
to be three bushels and a half deficient.

Mr. Staunton stated that the coals were sold by
Samuel Johnson, of Rutland-place wharf, and that
witness desired the carman to measure a certain
sack which he pointed out. There was a demur
about measuring that particular sack, but the wit-
ness insisted upon it ; and in consequence of the
remarkable deficiency, he sent for a coat-meter to
the coal-meters' office, and had the whole chuldron
measured. The deficiency proved to be three bushels
and a half.
Mr. Staunton said that another coal-meter en-
deavoured to screen the defendant, and offered to
send a sack of coals to him (witness) if he would
forego the remeasurement. _ _

The LORD MAYOR considered the interposition of
the second coal-meter a proof of conspiracy, and
ordered the defendant to be suspended for one month.
Edward Edwards, a coal-meter, was then charged
by Mr. Reeve and Mr. Bumstead, the principal
coal-meters, with having improperly interfered to
prevent the remeasurement of the above-mentioned
coals, by offerint,T a sack of coals as a recompense.
The LORD MAYOR suspended him for a month.
Soon after the parties left the room, Mr. Strum-
ton returned, and informed the Lord Mayor that
Edwards had just shook his fist in his face, and
called him a " perjured villain."
A warrant was issued for the apprehension of Ed-
wards, who, upon being taken, was so penitent that
the Lord Mayor, at the request of Mr. Staunton,
discharged him.
A great quantity of unwholesome salmon bus been
lately imported. The exposure which the practice
of selling unwholesome salmon got a few years
ago, for a considerable time checked it. The fact
is, that the public were so much shocked at the
hazard they ran by eating kipper and shedder salmon,
that they would not touch any, anti an enormous
loss was sustained by the importers of good salmon.
This result was a caution to the salesmen, who suf-
fered severely, and the market remained clear of the
offensive article. _ _

Robert Wilson, a fish salesman, was summoned by
Mr. Goldharn, the clerk of the market, to whose un-
ceasing exertions the public are indebted for protec-
tion from this dangerous food, for having exposed
some of it for sale.
Mr. Goldbam produced a sample of the fish, with
a prodigious roe in it, and which, he said, would, if
allowed to remain in its proper element, have Rm.
&iced 1,000 young in the course of the year. The
fish was speckled on the back with red spots, and
was what the salesmen called a " harlequin." It
was extremely injurious to the constitution. It was
also what the judges culled " a hook-nose " a com-
mon deformity with fish out of season. The tavern
keepers in some instances played tricks with the roe
of the unwholesome fish. They frequently served
them up as lobster sauce, and those who ate this
nice substitute for that delicious sauce, did not know
what to ascribe the belly-ache to after having in-
dulged themselves. In the city the deception could
not be easily practised, but at the west-end of the
was quite common. Ile had destroyed
of these fish alreadT, arid the loss to the public
8t1::0iwg:hn0 t b
it
eonD MAYORveryweil ordered
inlagined.
he L that the fish produced
should be destroyed, and that the defendant should
pay the expenses.
W. Beeeroft, a bummaree, or retailer of salmon
inuiiiingsgate-market, was next charged with having
exposed unwholesome salmon for sale.
The LORD MAYOR asked what could be the mo.
Live' of the defendant for selling fish of the kind lc—
mr. (3oldham said, they.got it for 3d. or 4d. a
pound, and could not resist the temptation of the
great profit.
The LORD lvlaTott ordered the fish to be destroyed,
and assured the bummaree that he should, if again
round exposing such an article for sale,deprived
nd.
; of
Thibsonstmal-1 Gilson was charged with a similar offence.
be d
The fish s ordered to be destroyed, and the de-
fendant was told that if he repeated the tactics he
should be deprived of his stand.

LAMBETILBTREET.
Peter Saunders, a man having the appearance of
a naval officer, but who has for a long time been
4, upon the town," and has figured M the bars of the