The Sun.
London, England, 1863-09-17 00:00:00

THE SIMI, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING,, SEPTEMBER, 17, 186.

in establishing respect for authority than material I
force." This is the secret of all the failures the
Cabinet of St. Petersburg is so continually making,
and if it took this precept to heart there would
be a better chance of a final arrangement than any
force of arms can effect. The despatch goes on to
say that it would be a lamentable error to seek to
put down the rebellion solely by force of arms. '
The three Powers suggested a mode of conciliation
which it has pleased the Cabinet of St. Petersburg
not to adopt. Here, Earl RUSSELL touches more
strongly on the vexed question of " assistance from
without." He says plainly that being compelled by
the constant iteration of this theme to speak out,
he has no hesitation on the part of her MAJESTY'S
Government in saying, "that the principal obstacle
to the re-establishment of order in Poland is, not the
assistance obtained by the insurgents from abroad,
but the conduct of the Russian Government
itself." It cannot be hoped that any argu-
ments and entreaties will incline the Russian
Government to justice, or move them to mercy, but
at the same time it is satisfactory to know that our
Foreign Secretary has spoken out strongly, and
told them in plain terms what is the head and
front of their offending. Most truly does the des-
patch go on to state that the promises made by the
Empress CATHERINE have not been kept, and that
it was the sudden invasion of the homes of Warsaw,
on a night in January last, which was the cause of
the present insurrection. This fact is patent to
the world, but it is sometimes very convenient to
declare that certain effects are produced by causes
that are in reality quite remote from being influ-
ential. There is a satire in this sentence which it
is not likely the haughty Prince will have relished,
"Unless the general feeling in Poland had been
estranged from Russia, the moral and material
assistance afforded from abroad would have availed
the insurgents little." This is the secret of the pro-
longed struggle, and the sting of the reproach will
be in its veracity. There must have been some
deeply-rooted sentiment in the people for a contest
to continue so long. Excitement might have lent it
vigour at first. False expectations might have fanned
the flame a little longer, but nothing could have
sustained the spirit of the nation except the innate
hatred against tyranny which is one of the
strongest and most indomitable feelings that take
root in the human mind. Truly does Earl RUSSELL
say that Russia ought to take into account the sym-
pathies universally expressed by all States where
there is a national representation, and to profit by

the lesson that they teach. Nine nations are men-
tioned as participating in this feeling of interest in
in Poland. A very important point is also mentioned
in the despatch, namely,that it a mistake in talk-

ing of the demands of the insurgents to speak as if
here were only two parties, the Government and

the leaders of the revolt. Ther© is always a large
class who would be satisfied to find things safe
under a just administration, but, it is added signifi-
cantly, the confidence of this result has not been
obtained, and they can hardly be expected to
continue inactive. This is one of the most

fatal blunders made by Russia in this war.
She has persisted in trusting all to force, and
has laid sown one infallible rule for all parties,
without care or consideration as to those more or
1335 disaffected. There has been no conciliatory
policy from the beginning; all has been at the
point of the sword. In contradiction to Prince
GORTSCHAKOFF'S assertion respecting the treaty,
a passage is quoted that refers to the terms upon
which the Kingdom of Poland is to be held by the
Emperor of all the RUSSIAS, his heirs and succes-
sors, in perpetuity. It is said that " the Duchy of
Warsaw is united to the Russian empire, to which
it is irrevocably attached by its constitution." It
is thus shown that the constitution is the link by
which Poland is connected with Russia. It was
through this that the allied Powers proposed na-
tional representation with the Powers similar to

those which are fixed by the Charter of 1815.
Finally, Earl RUSSELL condemns, in toto, the sug-
gestion that Austria, Russia, and Prussia should
deliberate, and inform England and France of
the result of their conferences. Either of these two
reasons, it is said, are sufficient to prove the inad-
visability of the plan proposed. One is, that it
would place Austria in a false position, and be in-
consistent with her relations to England and France.
The other is, that the separate treaties which were
made by the Powers referred to had reference only
to material objects, and did not interfere with poli-
tical details and developments. Lord RUSSELL
winds up his admirable despatch by impressing
upon Prince GORISCHAKOFF the responsibility that
rests upon Russia, and " the gravity cf the situa-
tion." No right judging observer will deny that
Russia makes herself responsible for all the conse-
sequences which the prolongation of the troubles
of Poland may produce. It would seem, from this
despatch, that Earl RUSSELL has done all he could
in the way of remonstrance and treaty ; and as at
present it is not expedient to retort to arms, it
would be difficult to say how or in what manner be
could have acquitted himself better.

THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON lII'S. IMPERIAL
GUARD AND ATTENDANTS.—The commander of the
Imperial Guard is Marshal Regnaud de St. Jean d'Angely.
Irrespective of the Imperial Guard, there is what is called
the Maison Militaire de l'Empereur, the head of which is
Marshal Valliant, Grand Marshal of the Palace. Second
to this functionary is the Adjutant-General of the Palace,
General Rolla. Ihe Emperor has 16 aides de camps, eight
of whom are generals of division, two of whom are generals
of brigade, five of whom are colonels on the staff, and one
of whom is a colonel of artillery. The head of the Em-
peror's topographical cabinet is Baron de Bailie. He has
also seven olilciers d'ordonnance.

WATER-LILIES—to the largest of which Sir R.
Schomburgk has happily given the name of Victoria
rtegia. Like the sacred lotus of the Nile, the flowers of
the white water-lily rise and expand as the day advances
and the sun gains strength, closing again at evening,
sleeping, as it were, through the hours of darkness until
awoke by the first rays of the morning sun. The yellow
waterAily is almost as attractive, in its golden radiance, as
its more modestly-attired and charming sister. "in golden
armour glorious to behold," the blossom has a somewhat
powerful smell, resembling ardent spirits; hence the not
very poetical epithet of " brandy-bottle" is sometimes given
to it.

MACE, THE PUGILIST, is thus described by a cor-
respondent of one of the Scotch papers—" The
width of the creature's shoulders is marvellous, and his fists
made me shudder. He was not a bad-looking animal by
any means, but dressed in a style such as I never saw out
of a theatre, one ring in particular, with a stone in it nearly
as largo as a halfpenny, gracing his knuckles, and looking
for all the world like a small tombstone in memory of some
luckless wretch whose skull he had cracked."
ANOTHER MARVELLOUS FEAT OF A CHESS •
PLAYER I—At the late congress of the Rhenish
chess clubs Herr Paulson played ten games at a time,
fighting 20 opponents at every board, and continuing for
15 hours unremittingly. At the end of this extraordinary
effort, rendered more difficult by turning his back to the
boards, and opposing players of tried mettle, he had lost
three games, won three, and came to a draw in the case of
the four others. The monster contest lasted from half-past
two till half-past five in the morning. While it was going
on Herr Paulsen never left the chair, placed at some dis •
tance from the boards, and at the further end of the plat.
form erected at one side of the hall. The boards were
watched in his interest by Herr Wilfred Paulsen, his bro-
ther, and also a phenomenon in his way, who moved the
figures, announcing in a loud voice his opponent's moves.
He exhibited a power of memory nearly similar to that of
his brother's, for while the latter was playing with one of
the ten he allowed the nine others to displace the figures
and try all sorts of moves, showing the position of the board
when he left it whenever their turn came round. He, as
well as his brother, kept in mind dark g the game an aggre-
gate amount of 610 squares with 320 figures distributed
over them,

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

[REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.]

CHINA AND JAPAN.
SHANUHAI, AUG 4.

Major Gordon was victorious on the 27th ult.,
and captured Vaking (Nanking ?). Burgevine,
with 500 rowdies, has joined the rebels.

Intelligence received from Japan otates that
the Japanese princes were giving trouble. The
Semiramis had landed a force at Negate (?) and
engaged and defeated the Japanese troops.

the Germanic Confederation with regard to Poland
are equally undeserving of notice. The GermP.nie
Confederation entertains no aggressive designs
against her neighbours."