The Sun.
London, England, 1863-11-16 00:00:00

THE KING OF GREECE.

Tho following is an extract from a letter dated Athens,
Nov. 6 :—I meant to write last week, but as we were in all
the excitement of the new King's arrival, I thought I
would wait until that great event was over, as it will, per-
haps, amuse you to hear how it all passed. From the mo-
ment the telegram came to say he was on board the Hellas,
and fairly sailed from Toulon, all the inhabitants of Athens
lost the little good sense nature has gifted them with, and
went stark mad. The town was full of strangers, come
from Turkey, Egypt, the lonian Islands, &c., with the usual
portion of English tourists--more than 30,000 it is said.
Of course, though ho had been expected and hoped for for
nearly a year, nothing was ready. I met the Demarque
rushing frantically through the town to find linen to make
his sheets, and mattresses for his bed, and a carriage and
horses to bring him up from the Pirmus. However, by
the time ho did at last land all was in perfect order. You
cannot think how pretty the town looked—all the balconies
and shops were decked with flags, Turkish shawls, brocades
and myrtle and laurel in profusion, with a picture of his
Majesty of some kind or other on every house, strings of
coloured Chinese lanterns all across the streets, and lots of
triumphal arches, and over all the glorious blue sky and
bright sunshine of Greece. He was received at the Pincus
by a Royal salute of 101 guns from 11 vessels of different
nations in the harbour, the usual speeches, charity school
hymns, &c., and then nearly all the inhabitants of the
Pirmus ran alongside of his carriage up to Athens,
shouting " Zeto," and tossing their fens in the air, and
looking very picturesque with all their different costumes.
He came into Athens by the new entrance, which strikes off
near the Temple of Theseus, and comes by a wide, hand-
some street to the new Place de la Condoide, opposite M.
Domando's house, which is now the bank ; thence along
the Rue d' Elole, and up the Rue d'Hermes to the new
cathedral, where there was a Te Deum sung ; from there to
the square before the Palace (where we were stationed on
a balcony), and from there up to the Palace, where he
showed himself on the balcony, good-naturedly standing on
a chair that ho might be well seen over the heads of all his
entourage. You cannot conceive the enthusiasm and ex-
citement of the people, who, after all, are just grown-up
children; but I think it is much to their credit that, in spite
of all their crowding to get a sight of him, there was not a
single accident or quarrel, and, still more wonderful, not
one gun fired, as Mr. Scarlett had told the authorities that
he was sure the young king would not relish that mode of
rejoicing. In the evening there was a general illumina-
tion, which, with the help of the gay decorations, was really
very presentable, and as it was a lovely evening the whole
world walked about half the night. To be sure, the mise en
scene is a great help to all fetes, with the Acropolis for back-
ground ; and the beautiful marble columns of the temples,
lighted tip with an illumination look grand. The next morn-
ing he was walking about seeing all the antiquities, and in
the evening there were fireworks at the Temple of Jupiter,
at which about 60,000 people attended, and which the chil-
dren, who were there too, thought the most beautiful thing
that ever was seen. The first act of authority of the new
King was to order the throne which had been erected

for him in the cathedral to be taken down, to
request the people not to shout " Zeto" in the church, and
to desire that the soldiers should never enter the church
with their arms. On the Saturday he went to the National
Assembly and took the oaths (in Greek), in the evening
there was a great dinner at the Palace, and on Sunday
morning he walked down to the Greek church, accompanied
by one aide-de-camp, and attended the service, which
raised the enthusiasm at least 100 per cent. He walks
about all over the town in the most free and easy manner,
and takes every occasion of recommending simplicity and
economy. When Haydi Petro was presented to him,
covered with gold embroidery (and coming, of course, to ask
for a place), the King asked him if there were any gold
mines in his province, and then told him that he thought
the money thrown away which was spent in adorning one's
person, &c. Of course,
we cannot judge yet of what sort of a
king he will be, but he has at least had the tact to debuter very
well, Count Sponneck seems a very clever, decided sort of
person, too, so that I really think it promises well. They
are busy now cooking a new Ministry, which is no easy
task. Charles Soutyo has been named Marechal de Palais,
and permission given to all King Otho's household, which
had been exiled, to return to Athens whenever they like, as
the King said he did not consider it at all just that any one
should be persecuted for having shown himself faithful to
his King. Next week he goes to Corfu to take possession
of the Seven Islands, and I hear there aro great prepara-
tions making there too for his reception. Among others it
was said that seven young ladies, to represent the Seven
Islands, were to row him to shore, singing the national
hymn ; but I hear he hinted that ho would greatly prefer
listening to the young ladies on dry land, and being rowed
by English sailors. We have had beautiful weather ever
since he came, and though we are nearly dying of thirst
for want of water, as it has not rained for nine months, no-
body complains."

The American Crocodile at the Zoological

Gardens.

Mr. F. Buckland in aletter to the Field, says :
" In the last _held I described this new arrival at the
Gardens. I have since communicated with Dr. P. L.
Sclater, secretary of the Zoological Society, on the subject,
who has been kind enough to place in my hands the follow-
ing lively account of the capture of this animal, extracted
from a letter addressed by Mr. Gray (corresponding mem-
ber of the society) to Dr. Sclater, the secretary ;—" Last
voyage I instructed a friend of mine to purchase a large
specimen of a caiman for me,
the price not to exceed 100
dols. (all charges included), Two Indians offered to get
one for me, which they cadead, consequently I ptured in the Deeke and brought
only paid the expenses, A smart
active half-bred, named by myself ' Jacare' noted caiman
hunter), agreed to procure one to supply the place of those
which were defunct. In five days on my return to Car-
thagena from Yenta Marta, I was visited by a friend, who
told me Jacare had turned a large alligator (caiman he
meant) into his court-yard that morning, and would
I make haste and have it removed, his wife being
nervous and afraid of it, After despatching my official duties
I went to view the ' beast.' It was in perfect health, and on
my approach barked like a mastiff, and, with one whisk of
his horny tail, cleared a cask of empty bottles, smashing all
and lacerating his tail thereby, but slightly.
" I ordered a cedar-wood box to be made for his enclosure
by 4 p.m. the next day (at any reasonable price). At the
appointed time for its readiness, I was shown a huge sar-
cophagus, which I at oncereduced myself, doffing my jacket
to the labour, much to the surprise of the dozen carpenters
who were too self-opinionated, even had they understood
(much more) my mongrel articulation of their language.
This done, I made them hammer it together firmly, fix
nails ready for the cover, and march off with it to the court
yard of my friend's residence.
"Nov for the scrimmage ! We discovered on opening
the gates of the cell in the court-yard, where he lurked im-
mured, that he had grown savage and surly in captivity,
and determined upon resistance. I had invited a few of my
immediate friends inside from the suff 'cation of the fancy
coloured mob outside who crowded at the street doors; but
they soon were scared with one or two exceptions,and those
elevated themselves on tubs and other conveniences out of
his reach, in case he broke from the rope which secured
him by the tail ; but seeing this pretty safe they at length
came to assist in the capture, which was not effected until
the strength and patience of all were nigh exhausted, He
couched himself open-mouthed, and floundered like a shark
in our attempts to drop the noose round his jaws, that we
might lay hold of him fearlessly, banging in the panels of
the doors with his firm tail, and again getting among the
bottles, which he whisked right and loft. Jacare, in the
most courageous and sang froid style, seated himself on the
reptile's back to bind the snout more securely, and then,
with the assistance of myself and colleagues, lifted him into
his coffin of a crib,' which I took the precaution to bed
with rushes that he might wallow on through the tropics,
and which at the same time would provide against the
colder passage of the Channel. Sliding the lid on about
three-quarters, we were enabled to relieve him of
his fetters and let his jaws at liberty ; then sliding the
cover the whole length, leaving a trap-door through which,
during the voyage, we might note the welfare of the
reptile. We proceeded with our menagerie, hoisted on a
mule cart, in triumph to the wharf, followed by a motley
mob of Hispano-Indian juveniles, and adults of both sexes,
yelling and screaming in the zenith of their glee. Here,
the crew suspecting,
on our arrival, we shipped him in a canoe hired for the oc-
casion ; the next sensation scene being the arrival alongside,
from the size and shape of the pack-
age, it was some Imperial soulless body homeward bound."
The creature is now in the gardens, and apparently in
good health; he is about eight feet long. lam glad that I
expressed my doubts in any last as to this boast being
a true alligator, for Dr. Sclater tells ree that this specimen
is the American crocodile (Croeodilus Americanus), and not
the alligator. There is a very old joke that the difference
between a crocodile and an alligator is " the same as be-
tween a solicitor and an attorney." The real zoological
difference between the alligator and the crocodile is, that in
the former the lower canine teeth fit into a hollow or pit in
the upper jaw made for its reception, whereas in the latter
these same canine teeth project on the outside, as we see
sometimes the case in bulldogs. There is also a difference in
the toes—the crocodile having webs to his toes, the alliga-
tor's toes being only partly webbed, and the outer toe being
free, like a bird's claw. In America the terms alligator and
crocodile are in ordinary parlance, I believe, applied indis-
criminately to both species.

As we led our readers to anticipate, Major-
General George Bell, C. 8., has succeeded to the re-
giment vacant by the decease of General Roderick Macneil.
The transfer of Sir Patrick Grant from the 104th to the
78th Highlanders, furnishes the first instance of as Indian
officer becoming colonel of an old Lino regiment. Some
financial details in connection with the transfer have been
arranged, but beyond this there is nothing in the change
which does not follow as a natural consequence of the
amalgamation of the Indian with the Imperial forces. The
old Line officers have nothing to complain of, inasmuch as
one of their own body is provided for in the person of
General Bell; and the 78th will not feel otherwise than
pleased at having a a new chief who is so closely identified
with the nationality whose fame they so admirably ms-
taim—Army and' .Navy Gazette;

SPIRIT OP THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

SATURDAY REVlEW.—Englishmen have no right
to censure thus far the policy of the Emperor of the
French with respect to Poland. It is not altogether
improbable that he may be more willing than his
allies to engage in the dangerous enterprise of a
Russian war. It may also be assumed that, in a
general readjustment of Europe, he would desire to
gratify his own ambition and the vanity of his sub-
jects by annexing to France the portion of Germany
which lies on the left bank of the Rhine; and the
territorial aggrandisement of a great military Power
and the dismemberment of an inoffensive-Federa-

tion are projects which English politicians justly
regard as iniquitous and inadmissible. But a de-
sign which is not avowed, and possibly not con-
templated, can furnish no ground of remonstrance.
The disposition to make sacrifices for the benefit of
Poland would be generous and laudable; and if the
Emperor Napoleon shrinks from the risk of a general
war, a nation which shares the sympathies of France,
while it nevertheless declines to act on the impulse
of mere feeling, is not in a position to upbraid a
more excitable neighbour with the charge of either
turbulence or timidity. It must be confessed that
Lord Russell's Russian correspondence and its re-
sults are not gratifying to national pride. A great
preponderance of opinion sanctions the inaction of
the Government, but prudent acquiescence in wrong
is rather excusable than glorious. It will, on the
whole, b 3 satisfactory to find that France is checked
either by the same obstacles which prevent English
interference, or by the refusal of her allies to pledge
themselves to a joint course of proceeding. The
Governments which look passively on the extermi-
nation of the Poles perform the mutual service of
keeping each other in countenance; and if
England has been baffled and defied by
Russia, it is something that France and
Austria have been similarly affronted. There
must be strong reasons for the general suppression
of resentment, and if the attempt at negotiation was
a mistake, the blunder is common to the three
Powers. It is true that France was ready for war,
if England and Austria would have shared the un-
dertaking ; but Lord Russell had, from the com-
mencement of the negotiation, repeatedly disclaimed
all intention of appealing to arms. Any implied
menace which was conditional on the co-operation
of England was nugatory and abortive. It is not
yet certain whether France may determine on se-
parate interference. The Emperor probably con-
structed the ambiguous portion of his speech for the
express purpose of retaining to himself liberty of
decision. He propounds the alternatives of war and
silence only to reject their. in favour of his own
proposal of a Congress; and it might be reasonably
inferred that, if Europe declines to enter on a peace-
able discussion, it only remains for France to fall
back on her military resources. It is argued with
much force that Russia will refuse to discuss the
question of Poland, and that Austria will be equally
unwilling to submit her Italian title to controversy.
A Congress is, in truth, only a contrivance for
ascertaining in a more formal manner the conse-
quences either of a war or of measures which have
been previously determined. Nothing can be more
dissimilar than a representative Assembly, which is
supposed to have common interests, and a confer-
ence of Plenipotentiaries engaged in defending the
conflicting claims of their respective Courts. At
present, the Congress, if it meets, will be ham-
pered by peremptory instructions, framed for the
express object of limiting its competence to se-
condary arrangements. In general, it may be
assumed that no Power is prepared to surrender
any portion of its territory for the sake of pro-
viding► compensation to its neighbours. The map
of Europe will only be altered by war ; and if the
treaties of Vienna are obsolete, the various Sove-
reigns must rely, not on any new system of conven-
tions, but on simple possession. Lord Russell has
confi ied himself, in his last Russian despatch, to a
hint that the Crown and Constitution of Poland were
created by the same instrument. It would have been
inexpedient to dispute more explicitly the legitimacy
of a tenure which is at present only disturbed by the
insurgents. On the whole, a Congress seems to be
almost useless, but until the answers of the Govern-
ments to the French invitation are published, and
some faint notion can be formed of the subjects to be
discussed, it is impossible to say whether the scheme
offers aso ution of existing difficulties. Some de-
voted partisans in France assert that the proposal of
a Congress is an illustration of the axiom in which
the Empire was once identified with. peace. But
the most insatiate conqueror might be satisfied to
attain his objects without the risk and anxiety of
war. Even the first Napoleon seldom invaded a
neighbouring country until its Government had re-
fused compliance with some extravagant demand.
His successor is more prudent and moderate, nor ca❑
it be doubted that he would prefer the peaceful
triumph of his policy.
Sr ECTATOR.—On the brightest of autumn days

the King of Prussia met his'new Parliament in the
White Hall of the Royal Palace, and addressed it in
words which Europe weighs and scrutinises in vain.
The art of composing a King's speech, the art of
. . .

combining words into vague sentences which leave
the speaker's purpose in aeso:ute doubt, seems to be
the only art of constitutional government which
German Ministers are capable of learning or willing
to adopt. Even the hasty summons which called the
Crown Prince from England to Berlin, in order that
he might stand at his father's right hand while tne
cabalistic words were spoken, is susceptible of a
double interpretation. Well-wishers of the Prus-
sian Monarchy will hope that it is a proof that the
King has so altered his policy as to conciliate that
one of his subjects who has most to fear from the
vagaries of Herr von Bismark; while they who put
not trust in princes will see in it only an unscru-
pulous attempt to make the King's eldest son seem
to approve what he most condemns, and involve him
in the consequences of a policy of which he is not
the accomplice. Amid such uncertainties, even the
utterance of the royal orator has been carefully
noted, and we learn that the speech was delivered
" without much emphasis," except that he raised his
voice "considerably" in reading the paragraphs
which related to the re-organisation of the army.
This incident, trifling as it may seem, is so entirely
in harmony with the character and opinions of King
William, that it may be taken as conclusive upon
one point. He is determined to have his own way
about the number of his soldiers. If the Lower
House cannot make up its mind to give way upon
this, no reconciliation between the King and his
faithful Commons is possible. Without expressing
any very firm belief in the conciliatory intentions
of the King, or at least in his being willing to
make such concessions as could alone be considered
satisfactory by the nation, we confess to being very
much less sanguine as to the manageableness of the
Chamber. The Government has used its utmost
influence, and it has achieved the return of twenty-
six additional supporters. It has now a party of
thirty-seven, and the most despised of all the Minis-
ters, Von Roon, the chief of the War Department,
has a seat in the Chamber. But this splendid vic-
tory has been gained at the expense of the moderate
section of the Deputies. This party has well nigh
disappeared, and the extreme Radicals have gained
far more of the seats which it has left vacant than
the Crown. A clear majority of 260 stands face
to face with M. Von Bismark, and the larger
number of these gentlemen may not improbably
consider themselves pledged to take up an attitude
of firm resistance. If so, the King'a pride will be
very likely to take fire, and then all hopes of a
compromise are at an end. Another dissolution,
more royal ordinances must inevitably follow, and
though, we think, there is no immediate prospect of
absolute resistance to the power of the Crown, the
whole mass of the middle classes will be silently
leavened by that distrust of the royal family, the
first mutterings of which may already be heard in
private society. Even the sincerity of the Crown
Prince is suspected. "The Hohenzollerns," people
are beginning to say, "are always liberal till they
mount the throne. We shall never have constitua
tional government till we make a clean sweep of
the reigning dynasty, as they did in England and
in France." if this feeling once becomes general,
revolution, sooner or later, is inevitable. That it
may be averted is our earnest wish, if only because
the Prussian royal family is so closely allied to our
own. But it cannot be denied that, when the hopes
of those who desire peace rest principally on the
chance that, on the one hand, an obstinate
monarch in the hands of a Minister with whom
arrogance is a disease, and, on the other, a Chamber
exasperated by the denial of their rights, may re-
spectively obey the voice of reason rather than of
passion, and be guided by a calm consideration of
their own interests and that of the country, the
prospect is at best but a gloomy one; and one hopes
rather than expects that they may be spared those
calamities which have ordinarily been the result of
such a situation of affairs.
LONDON REVIEW.—The selection of Dr. Trench
to fill the archiepiscopal throne of Dublin is an
event which seems to give unfeigned satisfaction to
the clergy of the Church in Ireland. It has rescued
them from the alarm into which they were thrown
by the rumoured nomination of Canon Stanley;
and the present jubilation may no doubt in a
thede
gree be owing to a relief felt at the escape_ of
Irish Church from the sway of a possible.eo
logi-
cal metropolitan. It is true that theysh Uw_niversity,9_uDj 16
base
preferred that an alumnus of the
and clergyaian of their own branch of the
pointed
Esta-
blished Church should have been
vacant post , but, the fates bein
they
being
will accepthatt
Pa to the
dverse to
contingency, it is probab_lreithatsharan
as a very good
orthodoxy plus half an 1
archbishop. But DeanulLrhen ch is re
the really ional blo tha
n
half a Hibernian.
his veins has not been
though
elaborated from Irish

beef and potatciesi or oxodised by an Irish atmo-
sphere, he is by extraction, both on his father's
and his mother's side, descended from some of the
oldest and most respectable famiiies in Ireland,
being first cousin and brother-in-law of Lord Ash-
town, and connected with Lords Clancarty, Drog-
heda, and Bloomfield, the Whites of Woodlands,
and several Trench families in that country. And,
wiaat is even more to the point in the sister isle, he
is an Irish landlord, possessing considerable pro-
perty there bequeathed to him by his father. His
father, who was a scion of the Trench stock of the
county of Galway, settled in England about sixty
years ago, at Botley, in Hants, where he rendered
most valuable services in 1835 to Lord Palmerston,

at a Then celebrated county election. It is sup-
posed that to a gratitude for these services, as well
as to the patronage of the Bishop of Oxford, who
has always entertained the highest opinion of
Dr. Trench, the latter is indebted both for his pre-
sent promotion and for that to the Deanery of West-
minster. Dr. Trench's mother, an interesting vo-
lume of whose " Remains" was, it will be remem-
bered, published by her son last year, was grand-
daughter to the celebrated Dr. Chenevix, Bishop
of Waterford, and intimate friend of Lord Shaftes-
bury, of whom the story is told that, on King
George objecting to his appointment to an Irish
bishopric, as recommended by his friend, then
L ord-Lieutenant of Ireland, when " the King
wished he would look out for another Bishop," Lord
Shaftesbury somewhat tartly replied, " that he
wished the King would look out for another Lord-
Lieutenant." Such is the extraction of the man who
has been nominated Archbishop of Dublin—a cir-
cumstance which will no doubt help to allay the
fellings of disappointment of such Irishmen as may
still look unfavourably on the metropolitan see of
Dublin being twice in succession conferred on an
English clergyman. But whatever may be the
value of Irish extraction, the Dean of Westminster's
character as a scholar, philologist, and divine of
pious and exemplary life, as well as of kind and
gracious manners, is the qualification which will
most recommend him to the affection of the Irish
people ; and probably very few men could be found
better fitted to be placed at the head of the Irish
Church in the metropolis of Ireland at the present
conjuncture. The mantle of Archbishop Whately
has indeed fallen on him, and it will be no easy task
in some respects to fill the place of one who was a
very giant in intellectual strength and activity ;
but the circumstances of the country, political par-
ties, prejudices, the very aspect of things have
changed there since the day that Dr. Whately first
seized the helm to guide the Irish Church through
the greatest perils to which it was ever, or probably
ever will be, exposed. At that time, when the war-
fare of party strife caged with its deadliest animo-
sity, a man was wanted of determined purpose, in-
domitable resolution, comprehensive grasp of intel
lect, and overwhelming power of argument, to take
the lead—a man so devoted to truth and to the wel-
fare of humanity, that no amount of obloquy or de-
traction could turn him from his purpose. Such a
man was found in Dr. Whately, raised up as it were
specially for the occasion, whose praises future ge-
nerations will record, on account of the success with
which he preached religious toleration, promoted
the education of the people, and raised the Irish
Church in the estimation of the world. But those
days are now gone by ; the lesson of toleration has
been learned, the bitterness of controversy is fast
passing away, and the man that is wanted now is
one who can rather throw oil on the troubled
waters, assuage the angry spirit of controversy,
compose differences, draw opposing parties together
by the links of common agreement, and promote the
unity of the spirit in the bond of peace. Such a man
it is to be hoped—it is to be presumed—has been
found, and that Lord Palmerston has in his days
shown as wise a discrimination in choosing the pre-
sent Archbishop of Dublin, as Earl Grey, more than
30 years ago, did in selecting his predecessor. It is
to be hoped that his archiepiscopate, among other
good works, may be distingu:shed by the termina-
tion of this unhappy but protracted religious war-
fare, with all its distrust, bitterness, and vitupera-
tion ? The promotion of Dr. Trench to Dublin has
been followed by that of Canon Stanley to the dean-
ery of Westminster. The rejected, or perhaps more
truly the rejector, of Dublin, becomes the accepted
in a position of scarcely less importance and influ-
ence than that of a bishopric, affording at the same
time a learned leisure which few bishops enjoy. The
associations of Westminster, its antiquity, its gran-
deur, its metropolitan connection, and social advan-
tages thence arising, offer inducements to a man of
Dr. Stanley's cast of mind which no Irish archbi-
shopric can possess. In such a field an ample scope
is afforded for the exercise of the ability, scholar-
ship, and refined tastes for which the name of the
Oxford Regius Professor is so widely celebrated.
EXAIAIINER.—If any future measure of electoral
reform could give us all over the country constitu-
encies and members in such frank and cordial rela-
tions to each other as Mr. Henry Berkeley and the
electors of Bristol, that is a point at which we could
be very well content to say, Rest and be Thankful.
Nobody can read Mr. Berkeley's speech at the Bris
tol meeting this week without liking the wholesome
English ring of the frank cordiality to which an
audience that crammed the Broad Mead Rooms re-
sponded with true heartiness. Such interchange of
good will between member and constituency has lasted
now for the lifetime of a generation, during all which
time M r. Berkeley has fought the battle of the bal-
lot in the interests not of the mean, but of the poor,
to the end that every constituency in the land may
have, as Bristol has, a representative after its own
heart, who has not bought it, and who can keep its
suffrages only by a frank and faithful independent
service. The Liberals often hurt their cause in local
contests by carrying their principle of independence
into a needless division about trifles ; and in larger
fields of discussion Liberals are often spoilt as party
men, and become hindrances to the due rate of
political growth by a philosophical indifferentism
based on the too quiet certainty that the right ad-
vance in the right time is inevitable_ We are rather
apt, therefore, to go on wearing an out-grown poli-
tical garment till we split it, and so come at the
final argument for renovation. But on the whole
that which is thought the source of weakness in the
Liberal party belongs to its life and strength.
Its battle is for the utmost exercise of ra-
tional liberty, its aim is to encourage everywhere
the exercise of independent thought. But the
mainspring of Toryism is a high regard for autho-
rity. It is a sort of political Catholicism, and its
necessary result is to maintain unity by many
sacrifices of individual doubts to the faith taug it
by its high priests. Such unity shows a broad
front, but is in England weaker than it looks; as
weak as we, in fact, know it to be. For the pre-
dominant temper of the nation is on the side of
independence, which breeds individuality, and
therefore diversity of judgment. The Liberal party
mirrors back even in its faults the national charac-
ter, its weakness is the weakness and its strength
the strength of England. There will always be a
sound body of Englishmen who lay chief stress on
respect for authority of dignitaries, great names,
precedents ; and it is well for us that their common
principle of thought is one that enables them always
to work together as " a compact body of men." If
it did not, they would be a rope of sand where they
are now a not unserviceable holdfast. But on the
other side every man who vigorously acts on his
fresh, independent impalse, and labours forward,
caring less to reverence what has been settled than
to strive towards the highest right, is a power in
the country speaking the true mind of an active
section of the English people. It is this that pro-
duces the apparent anomaly in England of a Liberal
party strong though it seems loosely formed of dis-
united parts, facing a Tory party numerically
strong in a Parliament of its own calling and per-
fectly compact, while yet really so weak that it
has been able to profit nothing by the arguments
and counter-arguments dividing its opponents.
Nevertheless we must desire to see among Liberal
statesmen and politicians perhaps some occasional
sacrifice of opinion on trifles, and certainly a more
active determination to make the adaptation of laws
to the people advance at a pace fairly proportioned
to the progress of society.
COURT JOURNAL.—The Emperor has followed
up the idea which he so ably expressed in his speech
by issuing a letter to each of the European
Sovereigns asking them in courteous and
on
elo-
quent terms to form part of a general Euro
apsat
Congress to meet at Paris, and to discuss,
sio
seems, all the much-vexed questions which
tent States
long agitated the larger and moreFim
pnocre this Con-
of Europe. That., on the part of
fully u
gress will not be made to serve any
constitutional principles is
by providence
these words: " Called to the thronele,
p but trained in
and the will of the French rselfiers'ehnotreeadn tbiy-
Pla"rhaps less allowable
the school of adversity, the
f rightspepl
pef
ople."
Sovereigns and the legitimatebserves—" If I take the
for me than any other to
And again his Majnest
oyveurture I do iaot yield to an
osae ignorepir a t ions
initiative in such.
mbitious projects, I have it at
most credited with a
impulse of vanity, but, as I am a Sovereign the
-
object is to arrive without a shock at the pecifi.
heart to prove by a. frank and loyal step that my
sole
cation of Europe." So that not only is his purpose
to bring about a well-regulated and legitimate as
well as popular state of things, but he also ex•
pressly declares that he wishes to arrive at a
isthis speech,
wthioh
" pacification of Europe," and that, too, " without a
shock " of preliminary war or contention. The only
ptoarwthoifctahewEe
emaptieirnora'snlyetwteary, as well
as ofhs ht
he epeaks of the treaties of Vienna as things
pest,and not to be observed by the Powers ()° Europe,the
Tl:is is somewhat locse political morality ; lor
although it is true that men like Victor Emmanuel
(and we hear some readers -whisper, like Napoleon

himself !) have not always acted in good faith whew
they first obtained possession of their present
dominions, it is none the less imperative on great
nations like England, Austria, and France, to ob-
serve treaties and stipulations to which they are
pledged by the acts of their former reprementatives.
The Emperor, under the guise of a compliment
(which carried under it a sting of some aharpness),
brought forward the example of England herself
as having violated previous parts by her cession
ri of
the lonian Islands against the wishes of
Austa
and the other protecting Powers, whom she was
bound to consult on the question. It wak; very
" generous," doubtless, to give away that hick
never belonged to us. But though this country 0t!
this occasion certainly betrayed the trust confide
a
to it by the Great Powers, the treaties of Vienna,
Westphalia, and many others, are none the lesst
binding upon good faith and honesty, in spite of
the contrary assertions of the Bonapartes, who have
e
little reason to look back with satisfaction to hem
year 1815. It remains for Napoleon to render them
null by obtaining the consent of the contracting
parties to their revocation ; and if this can be done
with safety and advantage to Europe, by all means
let the counsels of the Emperor and M. Drouye de
Lhuys prevail in the Congress which is shortly
self
te,
assemble at Paris. The Emperor announces hims
t°
" ready without preconceived system to brieg
an International Congress the spirit of roo,-leratioe
and justice, ordinarily the portion of those whe
have endured so many various trials." But w;l1 th°
other potentates of Europe be equally inclined to
I follow his commendable example ?

COUNTRY MARHETS•

__-.1-------

YORK—SATURDAY.
We were supplied with barely an average lot of whe4t3
to-day. • Buyers operated more freely, and preview; ta''
were a shade better. Selected samples of barley made lasi,
week's currencies; grinding sorts slow. Oats met with e
healthy demand, at former rates. Beans in favour of the
seller.
Wheat, red
38s to 41s Oats.... lBs to 20;
White do .40s to 458 Beans
Barley .30s to 32s Peas
Malt, 62s to 64s per qr.; rye, 30s per qr -;..—f1400-ts'uttio°
to 32s per sack.

NORWICH—SATURDAY.
There was rather a limited supply of wheat to-day, 131/
a full attendance of buyers. The sales made were elfeotea
at fully is advance upon last week's rates for all sarapes'
A .good show of barley, and late prices were maintaui. 64'
Flour and other articles as before.
White wheat. 44s to 45, I Red wheat ........ 36s to 375
Malting barley ...36s to 38s I Chevalier barley...34s to 355,
Distilling
toto 35s I Oats. ...... 21s to 0'
Flour, 31s Od —s Od per sack from the miller.

GRANTHAM—SArunDAY.
Old white wheat, 43s to 4es ; red, 40s to 43sper 363 t•
new white, 40s to 435; red, 38s to 408. Malting bold
*2 t;
34s to 38s per qr ; grinding, 28s to 30s • oats, old, ,S
30s; new, 20s to24s ; beans, 40s to 425; Peas, 34s to 400.

NORTHAMPTON—SATURDAY. t
There was about an average show of wheat -°
—White wheat, 40s to 44s ; red, 35s to 42s ; fltletqos,
to —s pet qr. Barley, 35s to 39grinding, '2Bs to ;co;
Oats, 28s to 328 per 24 stone. Beans, 38s to 425. .1
34s to 40s per qr.

NOTTINGHAM—SATURDAY.
A rather limited supply of wheat at market to-daY, lass
the usual attendance of farmers. A firm trade, and red•
prices maintained. Barley and other articles unalte,v.
—White wheat, from 43s to 455; red wheat, 35s to
' Data
Barley—malting, 33s to 40s ; grinding, 28s to 31s. ,534
old, at 24s to 31s Od; new, 22s to 268. Beans sold at
to 43s per qr. ; new, 388 to 425.

LICESTER—.
There was a fair show of wheat to-day,SATITRDA with a readY bUie
at a slight advance on last week's prices. Barley in toler.6oo.
show at fully late rates. Oats held at about late Per 36
—New white wheat, 41s to 445; red, 39s to 41s
P Wig,
stone. Old red, 39s to 41s per 36 stone. Barley, Trot*
new, 34s to 38s per qr.; grinding, 29s to 32e; (",,,coit
25s to 30s; new oats, 22s to 25s per 24 stone. .
old, 38s to 428 per 38 stone ; flour, 30s to 35s per 20 PO- e

Foreign Mail Packet List.

MAILS DUE.

1 . v. IS.
Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton........o°"v 1.,!.
via Marseilles . .. Nov. 4.
Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. ....... Dec' 0,
Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Hele.titt• • 14°°' IS•
China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton.N°v• el' i.,.
via Marseilles . • •N

.....
Falkland Islands
Gibraltar, via Southampton .............. I\'°," iS.
India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton..N"). • 0.
via Marseilles....No ' • 26,
India (Bombay), via Southampton ...... NoV, Qa,
via Marseilles
Portugal
Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton...... .................. PNNeo°e:: ,-1.1.
via Marseilles ........ Nov. ;1,
Newfoundland
Oporto and Vigo .... l9,
U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet Nov
by U.S. packet 13.
by Canadian packet Nov. i,
W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe Nov. lu.
Bahamas, via Now York Nov. ,-,
,°'
Mexico Nov. :`"
All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, J Nov. 13,
California. and British Columbia..

WILLS AND BEQUESTS.—The will of the Valer,
'
Thos. Kaye Bonney, M.A., archdeacon of Leicest
prebendary of Lincoln, rector of Coningsby and of I`lof-
manton, was administered to in the London Court bytes'
sister, Mrs. Nevinson, as his only next of kin. The Le'
the
nJames
sltvaweitylool, sworn,
whoddiuei denddaebr zachelor ; and his sister, Miss Henrietta .130°-
was
priorthue
,tooeoxoet.ch_u_eterr andihse.
wil
testator.o
01 of
TheleGg
General
at eepereli n
rirosill t
l
Lillyman Caldwell, G.C.8., of Beachlands,lsle O-f 11Vigtiithf;
and of Portland-place, was proved in Loudon c
at
Or "e
th
executors and trustees—namely, Mrs. Sullivan,
tor's daughter ; Mr. Edward Cockburn KinderleYi Ge/I.LeT
Duncan Smith, E.1.C., and Mr. Charles Baker, 0'
coln's-inn ; the personalty being sworn under •412,;,a
This gallant military officer was a general in the, 111"'";130
army, served under Lord Cornwallis, was present at
two sieges of Seringapatam, and commanded the Bnginc:
0
at the capture of Mauritius. Sir James attained
151'
of 93. His will bears date ISSS, with two codicils ;
After making a few bequests to relatives and Bonitohter °'
sonal friends, the testator leaves to his daugef
executrix, Mrs. Sullivan, a life interest in the 0,1131 a
£50,000, and upon her decease bequeaths L 20,000 to 11
daughter (the testator's granddaughter), Lady Lees;',Aarti
£30,000 amongst his great grandchildren, the six. (311—nelli
of Sir John and Lady Lees, being £5,000 to each ;,
appoints his said daughter, Mrs. Sullivan, residuary
tee.—The will of Mr. James William Gilbart, of BroLoPtA).i:
crescent, late general manager of the London and `yes
minister Bank, was proved in the London Court
.•
his executors, Mr. I. W. Weldon, manager of tifr
Westminster branch of the London and Westrairist
Bank ; Mr. Thomas Hewart, secretary of the l'l'vi°l;
cial Bank of Ireland ; and the Rev. Joseph litb9o,lll
Smith (husband of the testator's niece, Mrs. Sarah'
was worn under
Figgis Smith)•
The personal propertY
£35,000. The. testator died on the Sth of August last, hav:.
ing executed his will in 1857, and two codicils in 1861-.1
He has made a liberal provision for the children of hi niece,
Mrs. Smith, appointinc, her son, James WilliamsGilber
Smith, residuary legatee. There are numerous legae.ie!,
specific and pecuniary, left to personal friends, °Moo!
of banking. houses, and to his executors. There
1117.
a special direction in his will that his shares
I
the Bank of Australia shall be sold, aTndd© the Pr();
ceeds held in trust, and designated " The GO°
Memorial and Publication Fund, to be applied to the
undermentioned purposes—namely, the erection of a mono"
ment, or some other memorial, of him in commemoration
of the interest he took in banking operations, and 06
the first manager of the first joint-stock bank in London;
the distribution of copies of his works on banking business,
bound, and, together with an engraving
fficials, of himself
and other;
presented to the directors, managers, o
with whom ho had been connected in banking transactions
in England, Ireland, and other parts.—lllustrated Londot
News.

Births•
ALEXANDER.—On the 13th inst., at Windsor, the wife of
Lieut.. Colonel Alexander, Grenadier Guards, preoitv
turely, of a daughter, stillborn.
HAMMOND--On the 13th inst., at StrathedenVillas, Starch'
green, Ddrs• F• W. Hammond, of a son.
IturroN.--On the 12th inst., at Ardee House, A d Ire;
land, the wife of William Ruston, E r ee' 1,1,0 L.
sq., of a sou

heir.
.•—On the 11th inst., at 11, Queen's-terrace, Se'
gent's ark Mrs. Augustus Wildy, of a daughter.
-P
Marriages.
pettP'
BULMER—PRITCHARD.—On the 10th inst., at St. r d, to
Notting-hill, John Whitfeld Bulmer, Esq. Ilerel°lforcl
Emily second daughter of Thomas Pritchard, Beck'
House, Devon,
GILMOUR—FOSSITT.—On the 10th inst., at Parsontolreland, George George Gilmour, Esq., 21st Fusiliers,tO 1:116
becca, fourth daughter of John Fossitt. EBq9 °
Island, King's County. ,

BOWDEN.—On the 12th inst., at No. 14,
Deaths.
street, Exeter sudden] of apoplexy, Dlr. 1 it).
Bowden, an old and respectedy' inhabitant of that c
Deeply regretted by his family and friends. „„oet
BROW NE.—On the 12th i t Lee,Kent, IV. P.
ns ~ at
Esq., aged 70.
; brotil
COTTON —On the 13th inst., at the house of h'sni i'LP''
ParkfiAd, Kenilworth, Edward Cotton, Esq'' -
mall, London, aged 74. coast,. 4
ee.f
GREENWOOD.—On the filth inst.,at
2, Manor, d 57,
Upper Holloway, Michael Greenwood, Esq., ar,e oral'
i.,,attle,v, 0'
SRUTTLEWORTH.—On the 12th inst., W. 5..--- 34, f:c
Esq., of Plaistow Hall, Bromley, Kent, and
11311",
church-street, city, aged 61.
' hurcb)
THOMPSON,— On the 13th inst., at Christchurch,
Bartholotoirp;
d,stre,„
Jonathan Thompson, Esq , aged 90.
mon oe-
IVITHERS.—On the 13th inst., at Great 0,
~f
Queen-square, John Alexander Withers, }-,Sq't v
borne,Dorset, aged 76.
age .
)0 lir
SUN Offiee 1-‘‘nitY ‘t
n the C°ll-
-
Strand, :n the Precinct of the 3a7y._.
LonodfenN:o.Prnlzescitarannddl,;2?riinstheerd, ta), \TVIIIELLIAMAr, ,o, 1
Ididdicifex.—MonclAY, DTQVcW)". 16' 16‘id

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