The Sun.
London, England, 1839-09-27 00:00:00

LONDON :
FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1839.

The Tory papers attack Lord MELBOURNE
with vehemence for appointing " Mr. MACAULAY
to the office of a Cabinet Minister, and for annex-
ing Mr. CLAY to the machine of Go'.ernment."
They say that "this is a decided plunge on the part of
the Ministry into the bottomless depths of Radical
Reform, and is generally considered as one of its
last acts of desperation." On the assurance of
the Tories we are willing to form renewed hopes,
and place renewed faith in the Ministry. Though
our estimate of Mr. MACAULAY'S deserts is not
equal to his own, we are still of opinion, his talents
are so great and his acquirements so extensive,
that he might be looked on as an acquisition by
any Ministry that ever held office in Great Britain.
The Radical Representative of the Radical Tower
Hamlets, has generally stuck to his principles,
and if Mr. CLAY give up Radicalism, his consti-
tuents will request him to retire. We agree, there-
fore, with our Tory Contemporaries, that these
appointments, supposing that of Mr. 'MACAULAY
to be made, of which we have no assurance, may
be assumed as evidence of an inclination on the
part of the Ministers to accelerate the cause of
Reform. At least we are disposed less to doubt
their inclination than their power. We recognize
their good will with pleasure, but they have not the
means to give effect to their own intentions.
The Ministry can do nothing without the sup-
port of the nation. The Lords are against them,
the priesthood is against them, and such a large
minority of the Commons is against them that no
union of talents in office will enable them to carry
anything approximating to Radical Reform. Were
they able last Session to secure the success of such
poor measures as the Irish Corporation Act, and
the Removal of Electors Bill ?

The Tyne
Mercury says, in a paragraph which
we copied yesterday, " It is time the Government
mean to effect for the country
were making some announceme,n,tthoefy %Ivuluiastt
exert
themselves to procure a repeal of theCoriri h:
sie.,,
" they must increase the Parliamentary fa
They repeal the Corn-laws r why, if they were to
declare as a Cabinet in favour of such a repeal,
unless under the pressure of an overwhelming ne-
cessity, at least fifty of their followers in the Com-
mons would forsake them, and they must instantly
give up the Government. A still larger number
would leave them were they to propose to extend the
franchise. Last Session they could not have carried
the Ballot if they had tried. The fragment of a
national system of education, which th
establish, had the sanction of a b may sought to
majority of the
House ofCommons ; the vast mare
ajority of the Lords ;'

The experience of France, according to Lord
JOHN RUSSELL, is quite coincident on this point
with the experience of England. That country
has long been celebrated for its police ; and its
penal system has been considered one of the best
in Europe. We believe its prison regulations are
still very imperfect, but, taking them altogether,
they' are above the average. Yet this is what Lord
JOHN RUSSELL says ot France;--
France is at present suffering from the mass of re-
leased convicts, who, after having been confined in the
galleys, join the criminal part of the community, perfect
adepts in forgery and housebreakimg, and connected by
acqulinlance and sympathy with all the thieves and
swindlers of the country. This must be the case in any
opulent and populous community, %here crime has every
temptation, and industry is not abundantly empb4yed.
We shall not now pursue this topic, conceiving

ttiat enough has at present been said to Convince
cur readers, and to convince Lord JOHN
SELL, that this very important subject of the em-
ployment of punishment to repress or prevent
crime requires a more profound and patient inves-
tigation than he has vouchsafed to give it, though
we admit that he has gone far beyond former Se-
cretaries of State in sounding it and ascertaining
its bearings.

We regret to see from ft petit ion to the Com-
mon Council that the funds of the Humane So-
ciety are nearly exhausted, and that unless speedy
relief be afforded, the establishment will be broken
up. It would be a disgrace to the country that
an institution which has been the means of saving
the lives of several thousands since its commence-
ment, and has at its head one of the wealthiest
Peers in the kingdom, should be suffered to fall
to pieces from want of support. The people
of Great Britain subscribe annually 72,0001. in aid
of the Church Missionary Society, many thousands
in the vain hope of converting the Jews, and alto-
gether nearly a million every year for objects some
of which are purely visionary, yet neglect a Society
that spends all its funds in doing real good---in
tae sntyate of existence.
rescuing from self-destruction the broken-hearted,
impenitent sinners time to
aprepared in
affording
radni n° many
oh

We invite attention to a. letter in another column,
well
from a Correspondent at Constantinople, which will
the trouble of a careful perusal. Our
pay
Correspondent takes the same view of the Oriental
questionre that we hare been endeavouring to incul-
cate since the death of the SULTAN MAIIMOUD.

The Post of this morning announces, with an air
of triumph, the rebels' CABRERA and D'ESPAGNE'S
rejection of the Bergara Convent on. "As we
anticipated," observes our second-sighted Tory
Contemporary, " the Count of MORELLA (the
intrepid CABRERA) and the Count D'ESPAGNE
have rejected the infamous Bergara Convention,
and the still more infamous concoctet, the monster
M A noTo, the ally of Lord PALMERSTON." The
Post confirms the fulfilment of its anticipations by
quoting proclamations from CABRERA and
D'ESPAGNE, the former to his troops, and the
latter to the inhabitants of Catalonia, copies of
which will be found in another part of Ihe Sun.
Now, we cannot withhold the expression of our de-
testation of the inhumanity of thus fostering the
continuance of a murderous struggle after every
chance of success has disappeared. It is at once
base and cowardly to encourage Spaniards to per-
sist in cutting one another 's throats, after it
has become known to all the world that the
question about which they are fighting is de-
cided. The Post knows right well that Don
CARLOS' brows will never be encircled with
the Spanish diadem, and yet it persists in lauding
the determination of his deluded followers to con
tinue to embrue their hands in the blood of their
innocent fellow-countrymen. With his sword
dripping with the blood of innocent children, the
wretch CABRERA raises the impious shout of
" Religion for ever !" and the Popery-hating To-
ries of England re-echo it ! In the words of
COLERIDGE, they—
" O'er the ravaged earth_
As at an altar wet with human blood,
And flaming with the fire of cities burnt,
Sing their mad hymns of triumph—hymns to God
O'er the destruction of his gracious works,
Hymns to the father o'er his slaugbter'd son!"
But CARLos himself will soon put an end to the
exultation of the Tories. Before another week
elapses he will have formally renounced all preten-
sions to the Throne of Spain, and, unless prompted
by France, without so much as stipulating for pro-
tection for either of the two Chiefs who refuse to
furl the standard and sheathe the sword of Rebel-
lion. CABRERA may continue for a time to de-
light his admirers by murdering unwary travellers,
robbing mails, and burning obscure villages, but
military operations on a regular scale are out of the
question. The war is ended.

Letters and papers from Madrid of the 18th
instant have been received. During the Sitting of
the Deputies on that day a dispatch was read from
the Spanish Consul at Bayonne, announcing the
entry of Don CARLOS into France. The Minis-
ter of War proposed that national property of the
value oflo,oool, a-year should be settled by the
Cortes on General ESPA RTERO. All was joy and
congratulation in the Spanish capital. Five per
Cents. Active rose to 35 for cash.

The Paris Journals are exceedingly barren of
political news of the slightest interest. According
to the Courrier.Francats, the most frightful distress
prevails among the labouring classes. Bread is at
a famine price, and there is no employment for the
able-bodied who are willing to work. This comes
of the system of protecting duties, which, by shut-
ting out foreign corn, closes foreign markets
against French manufactures, and thus starves the
artisan under the pretence of benefiting the
farmer. Besides the riots in the department
of the Sarthe, another took place at Bellesme,
in the department of the Arne, on the 23d
instant, in which more than six hundred pea-
sants were implicated. Several waggons of grain
being about to leave the district, the people assem-
bled, and rescued them, threw up barricades, and
were only dispersed by the presence of a strong
division of cavalry, who levelled the barricades, and
conducted the waggons away in triumph. This
miserable state of things is becoming general
throughout France.
(From the French Journals.)

A dreadful fire broke out at Nantes in the night of the
21st instant, in the cavalry barrack of the entrepot. The
men and horses were fortunately saved ; but the flames
extended so rapidly that all the military effects contained
in the building were consumed. No less than nine per-
sons lost their lives in endeavouring to put out the fire.
Amongst the victims were four firemen, a sergeant of in-
fantry, and a sergeant-major of the National Guard. Up-
wards of 40 persons were wounded.
Don Carlos arrived at Bourges on Sunday. A great
crowd assembled to see him, but were much disappointed
at finding the blinds of the carriage drawn up, while the
horses were going at a sharp trot, with a piquet of artillery
in front and gendarmes in the rear, who had been waiting
for Don Carlos at the entrance of the town. " The
Prince of the Asturias," writes our correspondent, " is of
a weak and delicate figure of feminine beauty, and from
his appearance the most calculated of the family to inspire
interest."

On Tuesday a Commissary of Police and a peace officer
arrested in Paris a Spanish General, who had just alighted
from the diligence of Bordeaux, and conducted him to the
Prefecture of Police. This arrest gave rise to a report
that Don Carlos had succeeded in evading the vigilance of
Colonel de Tinant, and had arrived in Paris.

Ht'NGARIAN DIET.—A letter from Presburg, of the
12th inst. states: that] all hope of conciliation in the Diet
is at an end, the Magnates having by a large majority re.
plied negatively to the last message of the Second Cham-
ber of the States.

Beigean
ae MARRIAGE, as
n ody sP thatri
Prince
c e 1 T)
Albert,rili
nee KINI. ,
rhGee
dro e OF
ui I les
Frederick
aL
andnLdA are Dt .h—em Tuperh
hi en
on Cpe
pso :0 i
smi
en
dea Tr
tei o
-e
the project of marriage of the King of the Netherlands to the
Countess d'Outrcmont, but that the Prince of Orange pre-
serves the strictest neutrality on the subject. The King,
says the Commerce Beige, is well known
whose tenacity, '
persists in his resolution, and declares to his children that the
marriage shall take place. The following are stated by this
paper to be the grounds of the opposition to the marriage of-
fered by a portion of the family i—lst, that the Countess does
not belong to a Sovereign family, and that the marriage would
be an insult to the reigning house of Prussia; 2d, that
she was born a Belgian, and occupied a secondary place
(that of First Lady of Honour to the late Queen) at
Court ; 3d, that she professes the Catholic religion, whilst
the Dutch nation and the Royal family are strong Protes-
tants. " All this," says the Commerce Beige." does not
shake the determination of the King. who says be would
rather abdicate in favour of his eldest son, than renounce
a union which he considers essential to the serenity of his
latter days." It adds that the Countess is expected daily
at the Hague on her return from a journey to Rome, for
the purpose
of obtaining a dispensation from the Pope,
authorizing her marriage with a Protestant. She is forty-
two years ~f age.
Notice has been given of the passage of 600 Spanish
officers and soldiers through Bordeaux : they arc on their
way from the frontier to Limoges, which is fixed upon as
the depot for part of the remnant of the army of the
Pretender.
0 i the 20q) ult., the mothers, fathers, children, Sgc. of
the fugitive soldiers at St. Jean de Luz came to that place,
to solicit tnem to return to their own country, assuring them
that they would find safotY and protection. The conse-
quence was, that the depot lwas soon reduced to one-half
by desertion, notxithstandiwo the efforts of the French au_
thorities to prevent it.
perwer
were
leagueto rn a.rehevery Tl, e remainder of the four batta-
lions was marched on the 21sit inst., in the morning to the
department of the Landes.
Every day two detachments, each consisting of 100 offi-
cers, set out for the interior, wit
h an allowance of 25 cen-
times
.e
.by
inth the morning 1,000
troops two roads of
theday ".)
Bor-
deaux and Pau; they will be piaeod in depots in the de-
partments of the Landes, Gers, Gironde, and Lot-et-
Gerunne.
In the interim, at Saragossa, idi ,as of pacification have
so gained ground, that when they Learnt what had passed
at. Bergara, the people went to best ege the houses belong-
ing
to the principal Carlists, but tl ie siege was carried on
this time with all sorts of bon.boni., and they even obiiged