The Sun.
London, England, 1837-08-10 00:00:00

the inference is, that they would be visited with
ejectment, and every species of persecution at which
the faction are such adepts. And these are the
doings of a party that complain of intimidation on
the part of Ministers !—that have gained their every
election triumph by the most unconstitutional means,
yet stand up for the free privileges of the subject. Can
cant, impudence, or brazen falsehood, go further than
this ? Fortunately, however, many of the Tory returns
will be protested against, and within a month from
the time when Parliament meets, the opposition bench
will be sadly thinned in numbers. SHAKSPEARE'S
lean apothecary will furnish a very apt personification
of the faction, such as it will appear when the scruti-
nies of the different Election Committees shall have
been brought to a conclusion.

We yesterday reported the proceedings at the public
meeting held in the City for the purpose of relieving
the serious destitution at present existing amongst the
ingenious fancy-weavers of Paisley. We learn that
the unexampled suffering to which the inhabitants of
Paisley have been reduced has attracted the serious
attention of her MAJESTY, and of the Government.
The deputation at present in London from Paisley have
already had three audiences of Members of the Ca-
binet. At their last interview, which took place yes-
terday, they were accompanied by Messrs. JOHNSON,
LOWNDES, and WALKINS HA w, members of the Lon-
don Committee for the relief of the Paisley operatives.
The deputation was received by Lord MELBOURNE and
the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, who both
expressed their deep sympathy for the sufferings of the
tradesmen of Paisley, and their willingness to afford
them every aid in the power of the Government.
Lord MELBOURNE intimated to the Deputation
that he had her MAJESTY'S gracious commands
to place her name at the head of the subscription for
2001., and his Lordship nobly imitated the QUEEN'S
example by setting down 100/. for himself. This is
no case of party, or of politics. The inhabitants of
Paisley have long been alike famous for their intelli-
gence, their public spirit, and the unrivalled skill
evinced in their manufactures ; and at the present
time when political animosity runs so high in other
parts of the country, it must be gratifying to know
that in Paisley every vestige of political difference has
been suppressed, and all parties, Conservatives, Whigs,
and Radicals, Churchmen and Voluntaries, have united
heart and hand in their laudable endeavours to miti-
gate the distress of heart-broken fathers, widows,
and orphans, have for the last four months been beg-
ging in vain for " leave to toil."
Wc think the Paisley Committee have done well in
sending to London as their representatives, gentlemen
who hold widely different sentiments on the public
questions which at present agitate the country. Dr.
BURNS has long been famous as a leading mini6tet of
the Church of Scotland, exerting himself to the utmost
to extend her usefulness and to maintain her connec-
tion with the State. The other gentlemen have taken
an active part on the opposite side of this question—
circumstances which should insure them a favourable
reception with all classes of the British public.
Our young SOVEREIGN has shed a lustre on the
commencement of her reign by this act of munifi-
cence, and by her Royal anxiety. for the welfare of
her subjects ; which, taken in conjunction with the
other acts of her MAJESTY, must go far to impress
on the minds of her people that her's will be a reign
of beneficence. We sincerely hope that so excellent
an example will have such an influence, not only
on the nobility and gentry within the immediate circle
of the Court, hut in all parts of the country, as will at
an early period put the means fully within the power
of the Paisley Relief Committee, both to prevent the
inhabitants of that town from sunring from want, and
to ensure the peace of the country.

The King of HANOVER is in a sad pickle. The
Commission appointed by himself to inquire whether
he possessed the power of abrogating or modifying the
Constitution, has dccde,cl against him. It was com-
posed of four Members, and M. Von ScrIELE, who
acted as President-111 persons selected for their de-
pendence upon the Crown, and their known attach-
ment to arbitrary principles. But with the exception
of the President—a man in ail respects as tyrannical,
cruel, and unprincipled as his Royal Master—the
Members of the Commission shrunk from recognising
in ERNEST AUGUSTUS of Cumberland any right to
dispose of the liberties of Hanover. A second ques-
tion was then submitted to the Commission—namely,
whether the KING was justified in issuing the Letters
Patent of the .sth of July, declaring that he consi-
dered the Constitution objcctionable, and not binding
upon him, when two of the Members voted in favour
of the Royal justification and two against it, leaving
the casting vote to the President, who, as a matter
of course, decided for the KING. • Here, again,
was a narrow escape. The President informed
his MAJESTY of what had occurred, when orders
were given not to suffer the Commission to
make any Report ; but at the same time to
assure the Members that his MAJESTY would not
proceed in his determination to make any immediate
change ‘vhatever in the Constitution granted by his
Royal Brother. This intimation was made at the
suggestion of the King of PRUSSIA, who addressed
an official note to the King of HANOVER, disapprov-
ing of the course be had adOpted since his accession
to the Crown. In a letter from Frankfort of the sth
instant, we are informed that Austria and Prussia will
not, however, permit the question to rest here. The
King of HANOVER may retract all that he has said
and written, and undo all that he has done ; but he
has rendered himself amenable to the jurisdiction of
the Diet, and before it these Powers have resolved to
drag him as an example to other petty sovereigns.
Baden has already instructed her Representative at the
Diet to bring the question formally before it ; and we
are given to understand that the Ministers of the two
great Powers above referred to, are authorized by their
respective Courts to support the main proposition,
with a view to establish the supreme power of the
Diet, as well as to ascertain the extent to which it may
take cognizance of the acts of Constitutional Sovereigns.
A precedent, it appears, is wanted, and the Grand
Master of the Orange Lodges is to be made the
laughing-stock of Europe in order to establish one !
How humiliating is the position of this bold, bad
man—of this all but legally convicted traitor—both in
England and on the Continent. The Parliamentary
Chief of the Tory faction, Sir ROBERT PEEL, seizes
the moment of his humiliation in Germany, to tell his
countrymen that his MAJESTY is little better than a
compound of knavery, villainy, and folly, upon whom he
would think it beneath him to waste good advice
—or even advice of any kind. Sir ROBERT PEEL
is too shrewd not to perceive that the " game is up"
with CUMBERLAND in this country ; and that his Ma-
jesty is not destined to exercise any influence in the
councils of Continental Cabinets. He therefore
seizes the earliest opportunity not only of renouncing,
in the name of the Tories, all political allegiance to the
King of HANOVER, but likewise of spurning with
contempt any alliance with such a despotical block-
head. This is true Tory gratitude. Had ERNEST
AUGUSTUS succeeded in abolishing the Honoverian
Constitution, without drawing down upon himself the
displeasure of Austria and Prussia, the English
Tories would have lauded him to the skies as a pattern
of Royal wisdom and energy ; but now that he has
manifested the will of a tyrant, only to be taunted by
all Europe with his presumptuous imbecility, the

Tories try who shall be the first to denounce him as a
fool and a madman.

We direct the attention of our readers to important
intelligence from Lisbon, for which we are indebted
to two of our Morning Contemporaries, and which
will be found in another part of The Sun. We are
grieved to find that Portugal is again threatened with
all the horrors of a civil war.

Madrid papers to the Ist inst have been received'
this morning. They confirm the accounts received
yesterday of the appointment of ESPARTERO to the
War Department. The choice of a General (noto-
rious for his procrastinating habits) to the direction of
a department which, at the present moment, requires
the greatest possible activity in all connected with it, is
particularly unfortunate. On the evening of the 30th ult.
the QUEEN reviewed 10,000 troops on the Prado by
whom her MAJESTY was most enthusiastically re-
ceived. The capital was tranquil ; and Ministers be-
gan to flatter themselves that they would he able to
dispense with the vote of the Cortes empowering them
to raise a forced loan. To give our readers a more
correct idea of the state of the civil war in the Penin-
sula, we annex at length the Report of the War
Committee :

" The Committee of war has examined with the greatest
attention the proposition of Messrs. Falero and Fontan,
which is thus conceived :—‘ The cortes are requested to fix
their attention upon the state of the civil war, the progress
which it may make, and the means which the urgency of
the case renders it necessary to adopt to save the country,
giving this affair the preference which it merits on account
of its importance, and which the security of the State
demands.

" If the Committee had kept strictly to the letter of the
proposition, it would have confined itself to calling the at-
tention of the Cortes to the state of the war and the means
of saving the country ; but such mensures would not have
satisfied either the zeal of the honourable subscribers of
the proposition or the patriotism of the assembly.
" Now that the war, less to be feared in the provinces
where it first commenced, has gradually extended further
in the others, and towns and villages are abandoned
without defence to the rage of th• rebels ; when every
instant scenes of horror, as foreign from the spirit of
the ae as the humane and generous spirit of the
nation, are daily renewed ; when upon the most fre-
quented roads of the capital, and points not far distant
from it, travelers are stopped, and obliged to purchase
their lives at the price of a ransom, extorted by the most
scandalous means, every means must be sought out, and
energetically employed, to bring the civil war to a speedy
and rapid termination. It is in this sense that the Com-
mittee has undertaken its labours, supported by its zeal,
forgetful of the feebleness of its resources, and confiding
upon the ameliorations which its Report would receive from
the hands of the Cortes.

" Before, however, forming any opinion upon the subject,
it was necessary to receive communications fiom the Go-
vernment, who alone could know the actual urgency of the
moment, the means of satisfying it, and, consequently, those
which would be able to obtain more advantageous results
than those which had as yet been obtained. Neither the
Committee nor the Assembly was able to decide, without
such communications, whether it would be advisable to
augment our military forces, and in what manner. It
could not calculate the fresh sacrifices which it world
he necessary to impose upon the Spanish people, render-
ing them, at the same time, as little onerous as po,sible ;
and upon other points, of equal importance, it would
have heen not only difficult, but rash is the extreme, to
attempt any innovation, without Laving before its eyes the
data which the Government alone possesses. Ti e Committee,
in consequence, thought it its duty to have recourse to
the ministry, and the ministers who were present at one of
it,.; sittings have furnished it with details of the state of
the war in the different provinces, and I have laid before it
a list of our military forces and those of the rebels, by
which it appears that the army of the nation is composed
of 816 officers, 7,464 subaltern officers, 190,699 men, and
11,411 horse. The rebel forces consist of the following
troops :—ln Navarre and the Basque Provinces, 18,152
foot and :;00 horse, 441 artillery, and 56 engineers ; in the
principality of Catalonia, 19,260 foot and 300 horse ; in
Aragon and Valencia 16,300 foot and 1,100 horse ; in New
Castille, 1,073 foot and 228 horse. The details have no
other purpose than that of clearly pointing out our situation,
and thus enabling us to examine more surely into the
means of ameliorating it ; and
.upon this point the Com-
mittee had especially called for the explanations of the

governmvnt.

" The Ministry has, however, declared that it will not
answer categorically upon any question as to whether it
'possessed the necessary means for saving the country. It
has, moreover, added that it would propose to the Cortes
such measures as did not come within its own functions,
according to the circumstances of the case. The Commit-
tee has every respect for the motives which have determined
the reply of the Government ; but it declares that the re-
fusal of the Ministry to give any explanation, places it in
a situation of absolute impossibility to present a report such
as the Cortes had a right to expect from them. It is far,
however, from supposing that the Government refused to
reply categorically upon the means of saving the country,
because it does not possess the means, No ; such is not
its meaning, when all enlightened men, Khatever may be
the extent of their liberal opinions, know that their very
existence is incompatible with the triumph of the traitor
Don Carlos.

" When proprietors and men of fortune see only in Don
Carlos the chief and instrument of an anti-social and anar-
chical faction, working to effect a revolution by all the
horrors of a barbarous and fanatic spirit ; when the weakest
populations, far from allowing themselves to be dazzled by
the Edge glitter of a pretended King, resist him with vigour ;
when his best soldiers commence to abandon him on seeing
the rest of the nation protest so energetically against him ;
when, in fact, the great constitutional army, combating so
gloriously for liberty and the legitimate throne, has just
gained so grand a victory on the plains of Chive, no one
can say tint means are wanting to save the country.
" The country is saved if we proceed with activity, firm-
ness, and energy ; but at t} a same time it is of the greatest
importance that we should know with exactitude the means
of which we can dispose ; and it is for this reason that the
Committee proposes to the Cortes to inform the Govern-
ment in public sitting that it judges fit that the assembly,
after having discussed and heard the explanations of th
Government, should declare whether it approvfa of th
means adopted by the Government to save the 'country'
The Committee acknowledge the irregularity of its report,.
but counts upon the indulgence of the Assembly in consi-
deration of the singular position in which it is placed.
" The Palace of the Cortes, July 28."

The whole of the Paris Papers of Tuesday have
been received. We are surprised to find the Journal
des Debats again agitating the question of the dis-
solution of the Chambers. We had imagined that
the question of the dissolution was sufficiently an-
swered in the negative by the declaration of the Royal
will and decision of the Members in the negative ; hut
influence appears to have been at work, which has
greatly modified the KING'S private opinions. Should
such an event take place, we may calculate upon
another dissolution and re-modification of the Cabinet.

The same journal publishes the following cor-
respondence from Spain, which sufficiently exposes
the wretched plight of the Carlist expedition. Nothing
can be more evident than if there be any truth in it,
the Pretender cannot much longer maintain himself
in the Peninsula. No discipline can keep up the
physical and moral courage of a force so weak in num-
bers, and so deficient of all the necessaries for carrying
on an extensive system of civil warfare :
PiIiPIGNAN, AUG. 2.—1 forward you some curious in-
formation, on the accuracy of which you may rely,
respecting
the expedition of Don Carlos. I obtained it from a traveller
just arrived from Valencia, who was in a situation to be
well informed :

When the expedition of Don Carlos quitted Navarre, it
consisted of upwards of 18,000 men. But at the passage of
the Cinca, near Barbastro, and in the affairs of Huesca and
Guisona, it suffered considerable losses, and most of its bat-
talions were reduced to one-half their effective force when
it entered the kingdom of Valencia, after crossing the Ebro.
Thus, the 4th of Castile, 900 strong, was nearly annihilated at
the passage of the Cinca ; 40 men alone saved themselves by
swimming accross the river ; the remainder were either
drowned or taken prisoners. The battalions who suf-
fered least in the early part of the expedition were
the 9th and 12th of Navarre, the 3d of Aliva, and the
2d of Castile. The cavalry, amounnting at the be-
ginning to 2,800 men, was reduced to 1,050, before the
affair of Chiva. Desertion, scarcity of provisions, and
want of clothes, contributed mainly to thin the ranks
of Don Carlos. The sufferings and privations commenced
for the soldiers before they left Lower Navarre, and conti-
nued increasing ever since. The expedition found the
houses deserted by their inhabitants, who had carried away
into the mountains every thing they contained, leaving only
in them the old and infirm. At Huesca, even, the men re-
ceived but half rations of bread. A. strict discipline is ob-