The Sun.
London, England, 1863-09-09 00:00:00

ZOOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION.

At the last sitting of the French Academy of
Sciences M. Chevreul explained his plan for a new
classification of the animal kingdom. His principle
may be briefly stated as follows ;—Under the pre-
sent system; in which the physical organisation of
the animal is taken for a guide, it often happens
that its intellectual development is often at va-
riance with its physiological state. Thus, the
Quadrumana precede the Carnivore in the pre-
sent system, the organisation of the former being
superior to that of the latter. Now if we take
the ourang-outang, chimpanzee, and goriliatioa;
types of the Quadrumana, both their organe'st,!em
and intellectual faculties will induce us top
iare
lace
immediately after man. But the makis, i
also quadrumanous, and therefore pr
carni-
vore, are far below some of then4o
such
as the dog the
which
To
and phoca, as regards their intellectual faculties.
e-
obviate the inconvenience resulting
from this diser
pancy between the physical and intellectual qualities
of animals, M. Chevreul proposes to classify them
by shelves instead of
columns, as is now the
case. Let us suppose the centre of the upper
shelf to be occupied by
e, man; then, describing a
circle from that centre, that the ourang-outang,
chimpanzee, and gorilla,
th
nd geniis, as placed at equal dis-
tepees on the circumferences, and other inferior
species of ouadrumana further off from the
centre, but on the same shelf. Now let the
lower shelf be devoted to the carnivore, and let
the centre be occupied by the best species,
viz.,
the dog, phoca, bear, and cat; then the inferior
species will be arranged further and further
from the centre according to the degree of
their intellectual faculties. The advantage of this
arrangement will be that, the dog being inferior to
the most perfect kinds of quadrumana, will stand
below them on the second shelf ; but being superior
in sagacity to the makis, this circumstance is denoted
by his being at the centre and the makis at a dis-
tance from it, though on the upper shelf. In the
same way other shelves may be arranged. for the
orders immediately inferior to the carnivora in point
of sagacity; and from this succession of shelves new
relations maybe discovered between species belong-
ing to different genera and orders.

Mr. Robert rAnson, the trainer, was riding a
yearling off Lungton Wold, on Sunday, when sud-
denly a hack horse, ridden by a gentleman a few yards
ahead, commenced to back and kick, and hit Mr, I' Anson
on the leg, inflicting very severe injuries. It is not quite
clear whether the limb is broken or not, but in any case
Mr, I'Ansoa will be disabled for 601110 weeks,

ST. PETERSBURG, SEPT. 9,
The Journal de St. Petersburg of to-day denies
the rumours published by the foreign press con-
cerning new arrangements by Russia relative to
Polish and German affairs.
Speaking of the alleged radical reforms and new
alliances, it says
" The conclusions drawn from these pretended
news are as false as their premises. In Poland
the Emperor, whose sentiments on the Polish ques-
tion have not changed, considers his first duty to be
the re-establishment of solid and material order,
founded on the ground subverted by anarchical
passions. From a diplomatic point of view, the
Government remains determined to fulfil its inter-
national obligations, and at the same time to main-
tain the rights of Russia within the limits of
treaties. As regards German affairs, Russia sym-
pathises with the union of the strength of Germany,
based on the interests of all the States of which
that country is composed. Russia has no more
reason to provide against the dangers which
might result to her from Germany, than Germany
has to put herself on her guard against dangers
corning from Russia. "

The ru•.nours which are current have, therefore,
no foundation, and evidence extreme indiscretion,
if not malicious premeditation.

HOP INTELLIGIINCE.

.DIALIDSTONE, Sept. 3.—Hop-picking is now very general
throughout the district, and they appear thus far to come
down better than was at one time anticipated. In one plan-
tation (Mr. Buck's, Loose), no less than 2,000 bushels of
fine hops were picked on the first day (Monday), the pickers
being much in advance of the dryers. The hops, where they
are good in quantity, are also of very superior quality, and
the crop will be remunerative. We are not short of hands,
as since Friday last upwards of 15,000 hoppers have arrived
by train, independent of parties travelling by road. On
Sunday four special trains were put on at very reduced fares,
and the station-masters had, in addition, to put on a num-
ber of cattle trucks, which, as well as the carriages, were
crowded to excess, leaving no sitting space. Thanks to the
excellent arrangements made by Mr. Ragget, and the good
management of his subordinates, very little interruption has
been given to the ordinary traffic on the line.
FARNHAM, Sept. 3--Picking has commenced, but not
generally. Some come down well, but they vary ; one piece,
for example, at Tongham, is not looking near so well as they
did a week ago.
TENTERDEN, Sept. 3.—The late rains and the genial
weather have improved the hops in this parish within the
last fortnight. Picking has commenced in some parts, and,
we hear, come down faster than was expected,
TUNISUIDGM WELLS, Sept. 2.—The hops in this neigh.
bourhood give promise of an average crop. In the best kinds
of grounds they are in good condition, while those in infe-
rior situations are getting on well. Picking will very soon
commence.

THE HOP CROP ox THE CONTINENT.—The Cologne
Gazette of Saturday se'nnig-ht contains a letter from Nu-
remberg, dated August 21, which gives the folloming de-
scription of the condition of the hop crop in Bavaria ::
" The warm rains during the last eight days have lit:dons,
most beneficial operation on the Bavarian hop
estimate of the crop can now be given.
and have promoted the growth so much that:vaela:totglanerratebnle,
Moosbach, and Stirn look well, and only
and can
are some places found which have partly:vs:
growth is also good
scarcely now recover. The Hallertdanan
tgcrop. The Dollen.
inPtahifiet:Srepda,l t district
on the whole, and promises an abundant
there,on
and now begin. to
which
locdhaenpr
and
at
techleyos
have for the most paprltanstpartoinououte:v
ripen. The Aisch
well a fortnight since, has
had a particularly beneficial influence.
the warm rain has .
good quality. The Dollen
e Bavaria will have a good half crop, and
On the average same , may b. ei
csoaiind ohfoiplg rogfb 'I
will also re.lo
growth will in no instance be heavy. The stock of 1862
is very low, and are sold at 50 to 60 florins per cwt.
es of 1861 hops have been be made at from 25 to 30
f iphoourpirase
sh.a
5,
The sameiournal also contains the following from Prague,
dated Aug. 22 :—" The business in hops of the 1862 has not been so active this week. The reports as to
growth of
the new crops are favourable, as rain has fallen in several
places. Although picking has begun in some plantations,
a continuous rain may yet greatly increase the growth.
Saazer-Stadtgut are quoted at 130 to 140 florins ; ditto
Landgut, 110 to 115 florins. Auschau red hops are 60 to
Ger-
man florin is
70 dorms ; ditto green hops, 50 to 60 florins."—[The
generally estimated at ls. Bd., a pound sterling
being usually received at 12 florins.]
S ecranmduAchltd improved
o r f,

-PACE ! LIGHT ! COLOUR !—All modern physical
investigation goes to prove that space is filled by a medium,
almost infinitely elastic, and of all but infinite attenuation
--that light is produced by minute waves propagated
through this medium, and impinging finally upon the optio
nerve—and that different impressions as to colour are pro-
duced by waves of different lengths.
DUEL IN MILAN.—The Pungolo of Milan states
that a duel took place on the Ist inst. between M.
Filippo Filippi and M. Matchovich, editor of the Circalct
Politica, the motive being an article published in that jour-
nal insulting M. Filippi. M. Matchovieh declared that the
article was not from his pen, but that he took on himself
the tesponsibility of it, and a hostile meeting Was accord-
ingly arranged. Atter an exchange of shots at 15 paces,
which led to no result, swords were resorted to, when M.
Filippi received a gash in the face extending from the ear
to the nose. M. Matchovich received two slight wounds in
the arm. A reconciliation took place on the ground, the
editor declaring his regret at the article having appeared.
THE TRIAL OF COLONEL CRAWLEY. —The
charges on which Colonel Crawley is to be tried
are, we learn, as follows :—" 1, For having caused
orders under which Sergeant-Major Lilley was placed a
arrest in May, 1862, to be carried into effect with unneces-
sary and undue severity, whereby the sergeant-major and
his wife were subjected to great and grievous hardships
and sufferings. 2. For having stated in his reply
to Mr.
Smales's defence beforo the court-martial, that it was Mr
Fitz-Simons's fault if the sergeant's wife was inconvenienced
by having the sentries placed near her bed, whereas he
knew well that Mr. FitzSimons had acted in the matter by
his express orders and direction."—Thnes of India.
A GOOD ANECDOTE is told of one of the little
kings at Frankfort. He wanted his army instructed in the
use of the Armstrong gun, so got one, but was obliged to ask
leave of the next king to have the target put up in /6i.v king-
dom, his own not being big enough for the Armstrong
range!