The Sun.
London, England, 1839-08-24 00:00:00

CONDON.. SATURDAY, AUGUST 24, 18.,9.

THE NEW NOVEL.
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.
R S. GORE'S COURTIEf
17_11. OF THE DAYS OF CHARLES 11.
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EDUCATION.
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RECENT Measures for the Promotion o
EDUCATION in ENGLAND.

Ridgway, Piccadilly.
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,
Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S SPEECH on EDUCATION
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Now ready, and to be had of all Booksellers,
DIARY of the TIMES of GEORGE IV.
Vols. 111. and IV.

Comprising new and interesting Letters of Queen:Caroline,
the Princess Charlotte, &c. _

" Truth (says Byron) is stranger than fiction, and though
there may have been some exaggeration in this singular history
of Court intrigue, there is but too much reason to believe that
the greater portion of thew revelations are based on 'facts.
Since the Spirit of the Book' no work of the kind has ever
produced a similar sensation to that before us, particularly
among the higher classes of society. Every one affects to
decry the publication, yet all read it with eager avidity ; and
notwithstanding all that has been, or may be, said in condemna-
tion of the work, it must still he admitted that it is one of the
most exciting and amusing productions that has issued from the
press for many years."—Champion.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

THE LITERARY GAZETTE of THIS
DAY, August 24, No. 1,179, Contains the first portion
of an important View of the Present State of British India,
written by Count Bjornstjerna, the Swedish Ambassador at
our Court ; and the Exposition of M. Daguerre's secret in the
explanation of his entire process of Photogenic Drawing, by M.
Arago, to the French Institute, on Monday, from our Cc's-re-
spondent in Paris.

Arrangements have been made for giving a most ample Re-
port of the Proceedings of the British Association, which is on
the eve of celebrating its Ninth Anniversary, at Birmingham.
London : W. A. Scripps, 7, Wellington-street, Strand.

THE LANCET, AUGUST 24.
Edited by Mr. WAKLEY, M.P.

CONTENTS:-

1. Tea, its pernicious and its ber eficial uses-2. The Chlorosis
of Females, not to be treated as a specific disease-3. Changes
in the Body after Death-4. Guesses at Age-5. Social Duty
of Life Assurance-6. Fatal Midwifery-7. The New Edin-
burgh Pharmacopoeia-8. Interesting Cases at the Hospitals-
9. Erroneous Views of Medical Reform—lo. The Circulation

-11. Cheap Hydriodate of Potash-12. Recent Glasgow
Jobs, &c.
Lancet Office, Essex-street, Strand; and all Booksellers and
Newsmen.

WYLD'S TRAVELLING MAPS
..:. s. d.I X. s. d.
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Railway Map of Eng- )Sweden
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Smaller Map ........ 0 2 6)
James Wyld, Geographer to the Queen, Charing-cross East.

TO THE PROPRIETORS OF EAST INDIA STOCK.
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN,
A GREEABLY to my Pledge of the 7th of
January last, I have the honour to intimate to you that
it is my intention to proceed to the BALLOT, on the
VACANCY in the DIRECTION, occasioned by the death
of Mr. Josias Du Pre Alexander.
In the event of my success, I can only repeat to you the as-
surance that my services shall be unremittingly devoted to the
promotion of your interests, and the vy ellare of our native fel-
low wibjects placed under the protection of the East India
Company.
On the day of Election being fixed I shall transmit to those
Proprietors who have kindly promised me their suffrages the
necessary Proxy-papers, and also to those who may do me the
favour to intimate their wishes to that effect.
I feel grateful for the important assurances of support I hav e
already received.
I have the honour to be, with respect,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Your obedient and obliged servant,
W. H. SYKES,
Lieut.-Col. Bombay Army.
47, Albion-street, Hyde Park, Aug. 23, 1839.
Col. Sykes's Committee sits Daily at the London Tavern
Bishopsgate-street.

DEWHURST ON THE SILK-WORM.
Second Edition, price 28. 6d.
AFAMILIAR TREATISE on the NATU-
RAL HISTORY and MANAGEMENT of the
PHALIENA BOMBYX MORI, or COMMON SILK-
WORM.

By H. W. DEWHURST, Esq., F.E. S.L.
House Surgeon of St. John's British ospital, Professor of
Zoology and Comparative Anatomy to the Eclectic Society ;
Author of the Natural History of the Arctic Seas, &c.
" The more we investigate the objects of creation, the more
are we led to contemplate the power, wisdom, beneficence, and
majesty oftheir divine Author.'
London : Bennett, No. 4, Three Tun Passage, Newgate-
st reet .

IMPERI AL PARLIAMENT.

HO USE OF COMMONS, AUGUST 23.

Mr. HUME gave notice that he should next
Ses.Fion submit to the House whether Acts of Parliament
should, in future, be written in modern characters, in-
stead of black letter, as heretofore. Also, that he should
move for a Committee to inquire whether, under the exist-
ing monopoly, sufficient facilities were afforded for the
printing and circulating Acts of Parliament.
BANK OF ENGLAND.

Also for a Select Committee to inquire into the pecu
niary transactions of the Bank of England since the pass►ng
of the Bill of 1819, and particularly to ascertain how far
these transactions produced the alarming crisis in the
mercantile, manufacturing, and commercial affairs of the
country in 1825, 1826, 1827, 1836, 1837, and 1839; and
also to inquire whether, as the Bank of England was at
present constituted, there could be any stability in the cur-
rency, or that confidence which was necessary to ensure
the prosperity of the country.

would be entitled to have the Is. 6d. duty taken off hi.
pension.
Mr. WAK LE Y said if such were the case, why
did no
the Duke of Marlborough apply to the law, instead o,
coming for this Act. If a poor person had applied to th.
House under similar circumstances, no relief would hay
been afforded to him. The only way of judging of tb•
Intentions of a party was by the acts of a party. When
.ver he saw the Hon. Baronet opposite supporting th
Government, he was always certain the Government wa
-wrong. The Hon. Baronet was most consistent in thi:
respect. When he saw two lawyers supporting thi,
Bill, he thought that was also a good ground
;ris offering his opposition. When the poor complainec
that the intentions of Parliament in passing the 43d of
Elizabeth were frustrated by the new Poor law Act, the.%
could obtain no redress; but the instant a rich man lik.
:he Duke of Marlborough complained, a Bill was brough
'n for his relief. He should not move an amendment, bu•
ta any lion. Member would divide with him he shout,
certainly divide against the Bill.
Mr. FINCH opposed the 13111.
Mr. HUME regretted to see his Hon. and Learner
Friend the Member for Dublin supporting this Bill. 1
such a measure had been brought forward by any other
Member he would have been at once referred to a Court of
Justice.

Mr. HARCOUT defended the Bill.
theßMr.
posed of.
iliFulNntCdHthethugootherhtoirtdewrsa3oirteigieulvarsytohpardoebeeeedn wdiitsh.

The HOUSI

Strangers were then ordered to withdraw.
divided, when there appeared--
For the motion
Agaimt it
Majority .... —44
BANK OF IRELAND ACT CONTINUANCE

. 49

•ectly that the rate of interest was higher in England than
t was on the Continent. That he admitted, but the mere
rate of interest on temporary accommodation must
tot be taken as the actual rate of interest in
the money market of this country. The rate of
mterest on mortgages had not risen at all in proportion
.o the rate of interest that was represented by the money
Advances on Stock Exchequer Bills ; on the contrary,
'here was a facility of obtaining money on good mortgages
it as reasonable a rate as before the Bank of England
raised its interest.—(Hear, hear, hear.) Even the
'unding of the four millions had been completed (for he had
'mow the honour of announcing it was completed, that op.:
ration having taken place at one o'clock this day) at 31 63.
per cent.—( Hear)—that being the amount of interest which
he country would have to pay; therefore it was an error
to conclude that there was at this moment a general rate
of interest so different between England and the Continent.
The Hon. Member for Kilkenny attributed the high rate
)f interest altogether to the Bank. But the present state
the Corn-laws was at the root of the question.—( Hear,
hear.) It could not be expected that the country should
make payment for five millions of foreign corn, and that
•hat should not create an exchange against the country.
Whatever banks existed in this country the necessary con-
sequence of that altered balance must be the production of
ill the phenomena which the Hon. Member attributed to
.he existence of the Bank of England. He thought the
course pursued by the Hon. Member was very unjust. It
diverted the attention of the people of`England, and of the
public from the real cause of the whole matter. If we had
► more free trade in foreign corn, and it was paid for by
the manufactures of this country, we should not be
subject to casualties so great, nor dangers so pressing. He
would not now go into the general question of banking in
his country. It was sufficient for him to say that he ad-
hered to the school of economy which he had been ac-
customed to consider as a sound one—a school supported
by the practical opinions of some of the most intelligent
men in any country, such men as Mr. Lloyd, Mr.
Norman, Mr. Horsley Palmer, whose scientific know-
ledge was brought to bear on the subject, supported by
the weight of their practical experience. The Ho-
nourable Member for Kilkenny had talked of accuracy,
but he should be careful how he mentioned that; for, just
to show how correct the Hon. Member was sometimes, a
recent French author of eminence on finance, had stated
that there was an error of 36,000,000/. in the public
accounts of this country.—(A laugh.) But, on in-
quiry, he found that the French author's mistake arose
from his having taken as his authority a resolution
moved in that House by the Hon. Member—( Hear,
hear, and laughter)—which, however, was negatived
without a division—( Mr. Hume, " No such thing.") He had
.he work—( Mr. Hume, "So have I")—(Laughter)—why,
to this, he the Chancellor of the Exchequer could hini§elf
bear testimony,-that the Hon. Member had made an error
of 3,000,000/. in the accounts of one year—( Laughter)—
thus confounding the net and the gross revenue.—( Laugh-
ter.) Before he sat down he would venture to remind the
House of the triumphant success of his funding operation—
( Hear)—not that he claimed any merit to the Government
for it—beyond their having adopted a right principle--
a principle, by means of which, the transaction had been
completed on lower terms than had ever been known before.
He thanked the Hon. Member for calling for the returns,
and he only hoped that he would give them his best con-
sideration when they were before the House. He felt glad
that he (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) bad perse-
vered in his determination to make the competition open,
as it had had the effect of giving a great benefit to the
public. He had been attacked for this in the press
and had been called a bungler, but he would leave it to the
public to say whether he was worthy of that designation,
after the successful result that had taken place.
Mr. O'CONNEL L said, in explanation, that the only
arguments which had been used by the Hon. Member for
Chichester, were with reference to the cautiousness of the
Scotch in money matters, as compared with the English.
Mr. HUM E also, in explanation, begged to observe,
that he had never said the Usury-laws made money dear.
He contended that the thirty-six millions to which he had
alluded, were never brought into the Exchequer account
until he had detected it.
Mr. ELLIS thought every credit was due to the Right
Hon. Gentleman for the manner in which he had nego-
tiated the present loan —( Hear, hear.)
Mr. VILLIERS rose to make a few observations on
the declaration of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, which,
considering the state of the country, and the present period
of the Session, he considered to be a declaration well
worthy the most serious attention. He had stated that in
his opinion the confusion in our monetary system, and the
state of apprehension which existed throughout the
country, were entirely attributable to the existing Corn-
laws—(Cheers)—and this he stated as the result of his
experience as a public man, and of the knowledge he had
acquired as a Cabinet Minister and as Chancellor of the
Exchequer, and this was stated at the close of the Session
when they were about to retire for the purpose of reviewing
the past and reflecting on the prospects of the coming Ses-
sion. He hoped the attention of the country would be
drawn to this most important statement.—(Cheers.) It
might be now literally said that the security of this country
depended entirely on the state of the atmosphere.—(
hear.) The Chancellor of the Exchequer agreed in opi-
nion with a large minority of that House on this subject,
and yet when they looked at the constitution of that House
what chance did they imagine there was of any change
being made in those laws, which, according to that declara-
tion, were the cause of all these disasters. This was a most
serious matter. Here was the -cause of all the
confusion pointed out, and yet no one could believe
that any remedy would be applied. Did they really believe
that things could be sail:red to go on in this manner?
withCA Cou
ldmaking
any
easkeinntgttheheGovernment
their
Corn-lawo
nl
choicebe
escontent,twioans merely
between
after y
e tw
eea aothisopen
e statement,n question
?
Government
opposed to any change in the Corn-laws, or one which left
these laws an open question ; but he thought that after the
declaration of the Chancellor of the Exchequer it was the
duty of the Cabinet to stake their existence on the ques-
tion, and make it a Government measure. He considered
the declaration of the Chancellor of the Exchequer as one
of the most important ever made, and the country
ought to know what was to be done in consequence.
The Corn-laws were not more to be blamed than the Bank
monopoly, and the improper mode in which the Rank acted
when they found that their bullion was leaving them.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER ex-
plained.

Mr. WA RB LI RTO N did not agree in all that had fallen
from his friends on the present occasion—he did not think
that the variations would ever cease so long as the
power of regulating the currency was lodged in
the hands of merchants or their connections, whose inte-
rests were concerned in obtaining a rise of prices. Neither
did he think that the matter would be mended by transfer-
ring that power from the Bank to the Directors of Joint-
stock Banks —(Hear, hear.)
Mr. FINCH agreed in all that had fallen from the
Hon. Member for Wolverhampton respecting the Corn-
laws. His opinion was, that so long as the Government
had the capital of the Banks of England and Ireland bor-
rowed, the banking system‘vould not be put on a good and
safe footing.

The Bill was then ordered to be engrossed, and read a
third time to-morrow.

The House then resolved itself into Committee on the
Bank of Ireland Bill, certain amendments were introduced,
and the Bill ordered to be printed, and to be further con-
sidered this day three months.
FUNDING OF EXCHEQUER BILLS.
On the motion of the CHANCELLOR of the EX-
CHEQUER, the repeal on the Exchequer Bills Funding
Bill was received, and the Bill ordered to be engrossed.
SALE OF SPIRITS (IRELAND) BILL.
Lord MORPETH, on moving the consideration
of the Lords' amendments to this Bill, stated
that the Lords had struck out a clause which
on the motion of an Hon. and Learned- Member, was
added by way of rider to the Bill on the third reading,
enabling grocers to sell spirits. He (Lord Morpeth) had
given his most willing acquiescence to the insertion of
that clause, and would have been happy if it had been
`: could not pretend
-part of the Bill, he did not
real the House to disagree to
taßkoutivib,-e-,ijidni%e•tiuirs;
allowed to remain as part of the Bill.
theed re
-aitnsneortimor osturtehsetheelaufsieo,usaendcZl
tthhaintkthhecci4la.aussecal.laesdanonintteog
the amendments the Lords had made.
Mr. O'CONNLLL was exceedingly sorry to hear the
Noble Lord assent to that which was called an " amend-
ment," but which certainly was no improvement at all to
gPiavpeenrseistielawthetrhee,
the Bill. It would inflict a most grievous injury on a very
fmorosrte
jescatinageiotuhse a
en
Ida satisfactoryuse,
w as t h a
tr ei at sioi
and,
large class of the community. He had seen by the Daily
been introduced by him (Mr. O'Connell), and it was added
he had had some political motive in introducing it. Now the
clause was supported by the Hon. and Gallant Member for
Armagh (Col. Verner) and the Hon. Member for Belfast
(Mr. Tennent) as well as himself, and it was rather hard
to say what political motive they could have had for jDining
in the struggle to procure the insertion of the clause. He
hoped the Noble Lord would hold out some expectation
of bringing the subject before Parliament early next Ses-
sion, with the authority of Government, for it was a
great grievance that the grocers of Ireland should be de-
prived of that which the grocers of England could enjoy,
and which the grocers of Scotland did enjoy.
Lord MORPETH was not willing to give any assu-
rance which he did not feelhehad a prospect of realising.

FISHERIES.
Lord PAILMERSTON obtained leave and brought in a
Bill for the purpose of carrying into effect the Convention
between her Mi.jesty and the King of the French relative
to fisheries on the coasts of the British islands and France.
Captain PECHELL having taken a great interest in
this subject, begged to say that the Noble Lord ought to
think it the proudest era of his political life in having been
able to influence the Government of France to interfere in a
question which had been 150 years in dispute, and which
interference he believed would lead to an amicable and
satisfactory result between the fishermen of the two coun•
tries. Were it the last act of the Noble Lord's political
life, he (Captain Pechell) would say that the Noble
Lord bad immortalised himself.—(Dear, and laughter.)
The Convention would be found satisfactory to the fisher.
men on the ecn:it of Great Britain. It would prevent the
collisions which bad taken place, and he trusted the Noble
Lord would succeed in suspending the gttincling Orders, its
no time ought to be lost i t ofrylnc,
ell 00 out
which would teA4 f 4 ShH proolosino
relations
^ ..• of amicable
4tYitAlllltry
P "T.-. :tee measure,

I, ranee.
_ ~LAERSTON said this was really an impor-
tant Convention, w‘lich he trusted would bo effectual in
preventing the recurrence of those differences which had
on many occasions threatened to create very serious diffi-

PRICE sd.

culties. It was founded on principles of perfect equality.
Neither country conceded more than it would obtain, at,d
iherefore he trusted it would prove entirely satisfactory to
the people of the two countries.
The Bill was then read a first and second time, aid
committed. The report was then received, and the Bill
ordered to be read a third time to morrow.
TREATMENT OF PRISONERS.

Mr. HUME called the attention of the House to the
petition which he had presented yesterday, from Henry
Vincent, and others, confiner'. is Monmouth Gaol, relatiVe
to the treatment which they had experienced since the
time of their committal. It was impottant that the rule
with respect to persons committed for political offences
should be properly understood. It appeared that these
persons, after a trial of ten hours on ten counts, had
been convicted on one count, end a question was put to
the Judge as to the manner in which they should be
imprisoned. The Learned Judge said that no severity
would be used except what was necessary to secure their
persons. But it now turned out that they were deprived of
the ule of fire, of pens, ink, and paper, and of the use of
books. There ought to be some understood rules for the
regulation of prisons, and he wished to hear what remedy
was likely to be applied under the circumstances.
The ATTORNEY.GENERAL said his own feeling
was that no unnecessary severity would be applied in any
such cases, and he believed he expressed the feel-
ings of the Government when he said so.--( Hear,
hear.) An application had been made by Mr. Stephtns
for the use of pen, ink, and paper, and he (the Attorney.
General) had requested that no unnecessary severity should
be used, and that he should not be subject to such priva-
tions. He believed, in the present instance, there was not
the smallest pretence for saying that anything had been
done contrary to the sentence.

Mr. O'CONNEL L protested against the doctrine, that
because a man was imprisoned, he was to be subject to
particular regulations. Imprisonment meant nothing more
than the restraining a man from going abroad. It did not
mean any species of torture. It was torture to keep a li-
terary person from the use of pens, ink, and paper
—it was torture to keep him from books. When-
ever a wealthy man was committed to prison, every
luxury was afforded him. There ought to be some legal
defin'tion of what should amount to imprisonment, and it
ought not to be left to the caprice or mistake of Magis-
trates to say how much it should be heightened. Ile hoped
the Attorney-General and the Government would trice the
subject into consideration, and do something definite upon
it. If no one else did he (Mr. O'Connell) would endea-
vour to do so next Session, but in the mean time these
peons were suffering this infliction superadded to the
imprisonment.

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said
that he was quite certain the Noble Lord, the Secretary
for the Home Department, would give relief in all cases
in which it could properly be called for. He knew that
in the case of Vincent, an appeal had been made to
the Noble Lord to allow the free use of books, ani
the order had been made, provided the books were
not of an objectionable ebaracter.—( Hear, hear.) In
any case properly made out his Noble Friend would
doubtless grant all the relief consistent with the due ad.
ministration of the law, and the effectual enforcement of
the sentences awarded by Courts of Justice.

Mr. SA NFO RD thought that these cases ought to be
always left to special applications. He certainly admitted
that the discipline of a prison should not be solely at the
option of any Magistrates. Nor was it. For the prisons
were under the control of Visiting Magistrates, who were
entirely guided by the regulations agreed on, firstly the
Magistrates in quarter sessions, and afterwards sanctioned
by the Judges of Assize.
Mr. \VARBURTON said he was glad it would be un.
derstood that the Home-office would grant relief in all
proper cases. That these prisoners should be without fire
in winter was monstrous; indeed, it was enough to kill
persons who had been accustomed to comfortable living.
Besides, this unjust severity had the effect of exciting the
sympathy of the public in the prisoners' favour--( Hear,
hear)—instead of, as would otherwise be perhaps the case,
creating public concurrence in the justice of the sentence.
Mr. HUME expressed his readiness to leave the case
in the hands of the Sr2cretary for the Home Department.
Sir F. BURDETT considered it quite unconstitutional
that men should be subjected to greater inflictions than the
sentence of the law specified. —( Hear, hear.) It was no
justification in such, a case to say that the regulations
had been made by Magistrates.—( Hear, hear.) This
injustice, like many others in this country had arisen
out of a departure from the old constitutional
practice of leaving the regulation of prison discipline
to the Sheriffs, who were generally gentlemen of distinction,
thoroughly responsible, and very exact in conforming to
their rules. He thought that wherever it was found that
there had been such a departure from the terms of the
Judge's sentence, it should be interfered in, and the in-
justice prevented, for a monstrous thing it was that it
should depend solely on the circumstance of a man's being
sant to this or to that prison, with what severity, or with
what mildness he should be treated.

The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said the Judges were
in the habit of inquiring what was the discipline of
the prison—and in the case of the Reverend Mr.
Stephens, the Learned Judge, Mr. Justice Patteson
a most humane and excellent Judge, having found that
the prison to which he bad first sent Mr. Stephens had
regulations too harsh for a gentleman of education, altered
his direction, and sent Mr. Stephens to the gaol of
Chester, where he would be allowed the use of pens,
pap ,r, books, and other conveniences.—( Hear, hear.)
The motion was then withdrawn.