The Sun.
London, England, 1863-08-06 00:00:00

z 3 EWSPAPER

//Z

-..4d.
STAMPED ....sd.

grazing fields by the side of the railway. There
seems to be no doubt that the bullock jumped or
climbed over this fence, as bullockswill do, espe-
cially in hot weather, and where the water supply
is scanty. The line was cleared for the usual traffi
on Tuesday, and it has not been found that the per-
manent way has been at all injured.
Mrs. Laird has revived consid?,rablv, and there
are hopes now of her recovery. It will be seen from
' the evidence of Mr. Billing how capriciously, as it
seem, death seized upon its unfortunate victims.
Mr. Billing, Mrs. Billing, and others were in the
s'ttne compartment of the same carriage in which
Mr. Laird, Miss Pilmer, and the other victims were,
and while their friends met an instantaneous death,
Mr. and Mrs. Billing and Miss Billing escaped with
scarcely a scratch. The injured persons are all
doing exceedingly well.
---------.....----.....

Proclamation by the National Government

WARSAW, August 1.
The following is the text of the proclamation. o,
the National Government to the Polish nation, which
has already been announced by telegraph :
" WARSAW, July 31.
" Six months ago the conspiracy (which was the
expression of the wishes of the whole nation), with-
out any military resources, but strong in the belief
of the holiness of its objects, and in the face of the
fresh projects which menaced the existence of
Poland, raised the banner of insurrection and forti-
fied it with noble zeal on the field already soaked
with the blood of so many generations. The insur-
rection expressed the will of the nation, and carried
out the principles which would lead Poland to vic-
tory. Thq country understood them, and, great and
powerful as it is, placed itself under the banner of
an undivided, free, and independent Poland. A
nation which began a conflict with a colossus like
Russia, and placed in the circumstances in which
Poland was placed on the 22d of January last, had
to exert itself, not only to youthful ardour and
energy, but also to manly endurance and patience,
in order that first disasters might not discourage it,
and long waiting for triumph might not throw it
back into a state of lassitude and weakness.
i‘ Whatever influence many failures and defeats
might have on us, it is certain that we could be
victorious and carry on the contest to this day only
by unbounded confidence in our own strength, by
unlimited sacrifices, by the courage and discipline
of our soldiers and the virtues of our citizens. In
this confidence lies the secret of the insurrection.
This confidence is security for Poland's certain
triumph, and shows to the nation her relation to
the Government and her position with regard to
Europe. Europe does not sufficiently understand
our sufferings, and does not know our zeal and the
inexhaustible means we have at our disposal.
" The National Government gives Europe free-
dom to take part in our cause agreeably to ruling
interests and political passions. But whilst she
stands at the rudder of the insurrection, and there-
fore at the head of the national idea, she must firmly
reject all that could dishonour the holy flag of in-
dependence. She must remain deaf to all who de-
mand the cessation of hostilities before the attain-
ment of our object, namely, the re-establishment of
Poland in the limits of 1772. To accept the inde-
pendence of one Polish province, and leave the rest
as the spoil of the enemy, would be to gainsay our
historical rights—to blot out from history an ex-
istence of one thousand years, and to deny our name
by committing fratricide. No! Poland has not
risen again to be again laid in the grave by Europe.
There can be no Poland without Lithuania and all
Reussen ;" no Poland without the kingdom of
Poland. Their history, their political and social
conditions are one—an indivisible trinity.
"To acknowledge the right of existence to but
one province, and to oppose it in the others, is to
kill Poland. Before you, people of Poland, lies the
battle. On the one side is slavery and shame, on
the other liberty and the welfare of future gene-
rations ! Can you hesitate and draw back ? No,
you must conquer; you must purchase liberty with
blood ; you must sacrifice a whole generation on
the altar of Poland ; God and arms will decide
your destiny.
" Citizens, let us hold fast to the love of our
country. Union and sacrifice! Let us hesitate
before no sacrifice; let us be ready at any moment
to give up life and property, house and family, for
our country. Let us remember that from the mo-
ment the insurrection broke out nothing that we
possessed belonged to ourselves—all belonged to
our country. ne are all servants of the nation—
servants of a great thought, of an all-powerful sen-
timent. In whatever situation we may be, placed
in the midst of the bloody work of the nation, let
one common law guide us, one dutiful sacrifice for
the common good, one universal desire to die for
our country. As we now enter upon a new period
of the conflict, the National Government will make
every effort to arm the whole land by the means
furnished by the community, and to call as many to
arms as possible. Armed Poland is triumphant
Poland.
The principles which have hitherto guided the
insurrection, and which were expressed in the mani-
festo of the 22d January, will also be the principles
of the future action of the National Government.
No violation of them will be allowed. The idea
contained in that manifesto of equality, and of re-
ligious, political, and social liberty, is maintained in
all its force and purity, and will be developed by
corresponding institutions immediately on the ex-
pulsion of foreign domination and the organisation
of the country.
In the spirit of these principles the National
Government will do all in its power, so that the
masses of the country people, awakened from their
sleep of 100 years, may find in it their guide to a
new industrial and political existence. All viola-
tion of rights will be punished by the arm of over
tice. The National Government will watcdb
the regular course of the administration, 011 o
tover
the discipline of the soldiers and their obedience
their leaders; it will punish every abuse
cellaausthaoll
rity in the civil or military service, es
w
negligence and indifference, and will restrain per-
sonal ambition. isgdorn of Poland,
" Citizens of Lithuania, the
hortly be called upon
and all Reussen,9—You
hell
as
sttle for the father-
for the general and already been se
decisive
land. The whole cousnatir
lamentation, one immense
great flame, one untivbeer
onecamp,
in which all—old
grave, now i'tdrareun—roust work for the freedom of
men and cbil fighting with arms in their
their country' ;
tributing the sinewsof
some
war. Such
hands, others con
a paiand will tremble Power on earth
Poland will before no
crush the Russian hordes!
Such
Such a Poland must and will be master "

WRECKS ON THE GOODWIN SANDS.—A Parlia-
mentary return states that there have been 17 ships wrecked
-on the Goodwin Sands, occasioning loss of life, during the
last 12 years ending Dec., 1562.
AnvEtrmsEmENT.l—Avoid medicines: they always aggra-
vate chronic complaints, but Du Barry's Delicious Health
Restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, which saves fifty times
its cost in other remedies, invariably cures them, restoring
perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver,
pure blood, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, and energy
to the most disordered or enfeebled. We extract a few out
of 60,000 Cures :—Cure No. 58,216 of the Marchioness de
Brehan, Paris, of a liver complaint, wasting away for seven
years, debility, with a nervous palpitation all over, bad
digestion, constant sleeplessness, the most intolerable nervous
agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord
Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years'
dyspepsia.—No. 49,832. "Fifty years' indescribable atlony
from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation,
flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria
--Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of
thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver
6 derange-
ment, and partial deafness.--Cure No. 47,121.
Missth Elizabeth
Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion,
ga
The Rev.erings Jas.
, low
spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure No. 54,81.dT. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, "of indigestion an torpi-
dity of the liver, which had resisted all medical treatment.'
In tins, 1 lb., 2s. 9d.: 21b., 48. 6d ; 51b., lie. ; 121 b., 112 s. ; 241 b.
40e.—Barry Du Barry and Co., No. 77,Regent-street, London :
is
also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers and Chemists
every town of the United Kingdom.

1
___.-- -----YPT. iii7'-Pz.ttL4)=kT..."
"i-------.4-4.---- .••-.4.-- -_ A; -;
!Wit 4r.,,,,r,
ALEXANDRIA, J , .(::%,iO.; ,v".-4 ~ 0,,e,
i
- -Ssme decrees lately issued by this Govern lff:o4Zi_ ~:55.):.,-1
I...:?Nive tot ndustry and trade have caused nee .eftZll-55.71--- ii^:.4
'.44..7-filtNY ''..
alarm among Europeans. One ordains that hen 'Ct. ---,-/-:- .
forward no one shall erect steam factories without 14 11 s
first obtaining the permission of the Government
engineers, in order to guard against the danger of
fire or inconvenience or ann:lyance to the public.
We have an instance here of a tannery established
within the walls of Alexandria, and of a bone boil-
ing-house jus'i, beyond the gates, which prove the
necessity of some control in such matters.
Another edict forbids the erection of steam pumps
on the:canals. It is evident that were every one l:er-
mitted to erect pumps at pleasure, it would deprive
the neighbouring proprietors of the water necessary
for their land, to which they have an undisputed
right. The distribution of the water is allotted by
a special section of the Government engineers, who
i--.llow it to fl,m into the rn,:in canals ard their
to•anches, according to the Quantity of land entitled
good receivepolici; to Npeervoicrittlitetlieesse'reict I
itlonolfdstpeartrah7sw be,
under
proper regulations. A third cells I tPI6
whetter upon le
Governors of districts to furnish
dmaiciriertduronr ofy allvag-
rant. .
artisans and workmen,
rant. The proprietors of industrial factories fear
that this is a preliminary to some
tLe hands in their y.
Whereas, in
in truth, the
interference with
employ,
pleraevseente
Viceroythirvi
nag e
shas n
cip
teonnaditotpetdnethe.s predecessors
peasantry
id e n e e s—a
t o
step always strictly prohibited by
under severe penalties, even to th hwl re
se
entire e
confisca-
tion
of their property. The question of ther
claner)tds
assumed by his Highness, as mentioned in a
letter, appears to be justly open to objection, and I
hear that much dissatisfaction exists among the
Fellah.population, both upon this point and also as
to the proportion of forced labour they have to
contribute for the cultivation of these and other
properties of his Highness. Much is attributed to
the over zeal of the Viceroy's stewards, who tax the
forces of the peasantry severely to obtain large re-
sults, and
the ghen ain credit frombecome known their lord, butto Ismael
I have
no doubt w
Pasha that this grievance will be remedied.
His Highness has just returned to Cairo, after a
visit of inspection to his sugar estates and refine-
ries at Roda and Minie in Upper Egypt. His at-
tention, I understand, is much engaged with plans
for the extension of railway and telegraph lines,
and I think we shall before long see Egypt
doubly linked to Europe, by branches of wire to.
wards Bengazi and the Malta line
on n
the one side, and
through Syria to Constantinople other.
Typhus has much diminished in the Upper
Country, but it has made serious havoc. The cattle
disease, on the contrary, is increasing, and will,l
fear, gradually overrun the whole country.
Egypt is nearly abandoned by its European in-
habitants : few even of the Consuls-General remain.
They are either gone or going, and so it is with
the rest of the colony. All who can avail them-
selves of the great facilities afforded by the numer-
ous line of steamers pass the hot months in Europe,
to escape from the debilitating effects of the cli-
mate, which seems to increase with the annual
growth of this city.

The French Press on the Russian Note.

The new note sent by Prince Gortschakoff in reply to the
last despatch of Count de Rechberg betrays, the France is

of opinion, much irritation and discontent. Referring ono
by one to the three points challenged by the Count, the
Russian Minister affirms that they were quite understood

at Vienna ; Russia, in addressing Austria, had been actu-
ated solely by considerations of common interest necessi-
tated by the conjoint responsibility by co-dividing Powers,
and she naturally felt grieved that a proposition conceived
in so friendly a feeling should not have found at the court
of Vienna the reception it was entitled to expect. The
Fiance affirms that there must be some want of understand-
ing between the two Courts, and proceeds to enquire how
such men as Prince Gortschakoff and the Count de Rech-
berg can accuse each other of assigning to declarations,
the clearest and most explicit in appearance, a meaning
which they cannot support. Our contemporary explains
the anomaly in these terms :—" The reason of this under-
standing lies together in the transformation which has
taken place in Austria, and which reacts on questions
of foreign policy. Austria has become a Liberal Power, and
Prince Gortschakoff has spoken to her as if she was Abso-
lutist ; he thought that he had before him the. Austria of
1831, of 1846, or even of 1855, whereas he had 16.e1p with
that of 1863, living under a constitutional regime, ancl'illak-
ing public opinion and liberty the principal bases and the"
surest support of her domestic and foreign policy. Prince
Gortschakoff did not take that transformation into account ;
astonished at the attitude which he saw the Court of
Vienna assume, he thought that an appeal to historical pre-
cedents and an invocation of the past would be sufficient to
again place Austria in what he considered her traditional
path, and that the declarations of Count de Rechberg, who
appeared to have departed from the former language of
Austria, ought to be interpreted in that manner. In a word,
Prince Gortschakoff mistook dates, and wrote on the 14th
July a despatch which was quite an anachronism. The
precise and categorical reply of the Count de Rechberg sud-
denly convinced him of his error, and the fresh note of the
Prince is nothing more than on avowal of the diplomatic
check which he has just met with at Vienna. Prince Gort-
schakoff must therefore make up his mind to one fact—
that Austria is no longer with Russia and Prussia in the
affairs of Poland—but with France and England. The axis
of diplomacy has been displaced ; its basis of operation is
now in the very heart of Europe. Before that union of the
three great Northern Courts, closely bound together by
their complicity in the act of 1872, diplomacy was in a mi-
nority ; now it is in a majority. What before made its weak
of
-
ness now constitutes its strength. This private quarrel
Austria and Russia has just been added to the common ne-
gotiations of the three Powers, determines their beari!ig,
and marks their first effect. The result, which is
belongvtery
portant in itself, is a prestige of others which cann9 f
delayed. How, presence of the recent proceedings o
d and that
that times and situations are materially change ,
y, but forms a
Austria, can those at St. Petersburg fail to comprehend,
twhato prevail was tolerated
01831 and 1846 has completely ceased
The Debate also nothtiecessubect,
on Bering the change •
ry
IsPoition
different opinion on
language as indicative of a sn,o,rloie onciliato d' in
on
thjell
the part of Russia. It says—proposal
made with a friendly feeling, in conformity with the
was
c declares that hiss
and common interests of Russia and Austria.' It
relations
is evident that ther© is a wide interval between this new
language, this earnest and humble apology, this disavowal
more or less sincere, and the disdainful insinuations and the
haughty and trenchant language of the replies
to the three
Cabinets. If we might draw any certain
t and formal con-
clusion from this document, as transmitted o us in the tele-
graphic version, we should be inclined to
think that Russia,
according to her usual practice, has found time for reelec-
tion since the 14th July, and has deemed
it expedient to
change her sentiments, tone, and attitude. Ihe first step
backwards may be followed by others more
decisive, and the
Morning Post will perhaps find in this apology of Prince
Gortschakoff a new and powerful T
,' argument The
in support of its
programme, Union is peace Vienna Gazette takes
this same
view of the preseyit situation, b • eing convinced that
the interests of Russia must impel her to follow the three
Powers in the path of i
conciliar on, and to make the conces-
sions demanded of her for the maintenance of peace in
• I Europe,"

CURIOUS DISCOVERY.--The Journa: de Saone-et-
.Loire publishes a letter from the Abbe Cueherat
giving a detailed account of a discovery recently made about
half a league from Paray (Saone-et-Loire). A workman
who was digging a field, which only last year formed part
of the neighbouring forest, and was then broken up for the
first time, struck his spade against a large Roman tile about
a foot below the surface, and under it were found seven
metal dies, such as were used by the Romans for coining.
The abbe says that these dies are made of a mixed metal,
hard and brittle, but that he has not yet been able to ascer-
tain its precise composition. Some of them arc in the form
of truncated cones, 1.77 in. in height, 1.38 in. in diameter at
the large end, and 0 79in. at the other, on which the im-
pression is engraved. The smaller dies are of nearly equal
size at the two ends, and thickest in the middle. They
Wong to the reigns of Tiberius, Caligula, and Claudit,
and bear respectively the following inscriptions'
C2ESA.R DIV. AUG F. AUGUSTUS (Tiberius Caesar,divi
Augusti filius, Augustus) ; C. CIESAR AUG. G. Fan....
(Caius Caesar Augustus, Germanicus fra ...... );
II .T.
.C.
CIRSAR AUG. ROMA; TR, POT. 111. Cos. I. (TIbeTILLS
Claudius Cte stir Augustus,Romse tribunitia potestate.functus
tertio; consul tertio). There are twentiesies of Tibearrius, but
one of them is broken. The three pri all be laurels
over their diadems. The three princes all bear laurels over
their diadems. The fifth die represents a goddess seated,
with the inscription Aix° placed vertically on the
right side. "Two of the dies,' „says the abbe, " aro in the
possession of an amateur who forestalled toe, but I have
impressions of them. They appear never to have had any
inscription, but I believe the head to be that of Augustus.
The Emperor is not
not crowned with laurels, but has the ra-
diated five
points preserved for emperors after
their apotheosis. The die for the reverse presents a ram,
wn
with
the emblem of the sacrifices offered to the deified emperor.
r°
From the place n which they were found these seems little
reason to doubt their authenticity.