The Sun.
London, England, 1808-10-11 00:00:00

<~POSITIOI'V

. . .
• , .
OF THR ',PRACTICES AND :r.i A cHINATIONS I,,TR/Cl4
LED ,io' THE OSORPATION OF 'TI-IF. CROWN 0?
SPAIN',. AND THE R2EANS ADOPTED BY''illE E7l-
- pERoR OF tHE FRENCH TO CARRY IT INTO 6:-
EcuTibil, EY DON PEbRo CEVALLoS, FIRST SE-
. oiI.ETAnY OF- STATE AND bisPATctiti To ..lith
. • , .
CATHOLIC MAJESTY FERDINAND Vit.

tconelude4 from our Paper o,l).e:ftel-:?a,:y

c‘' This irrelevant objeaion having been 'got rid
Of, M. Champagny.stated, that the Emperor could
never be,,s.ure of Spain, in case of a new war with
the Powers of the North;wliile ihe Spanish nation
continued to be governed by a dynasty who must
regret to see its elder branch expelled from the
monarchy of France.

! " I answered; that In a' regular sySterri of things,
such prepossessions never preiailed over the inter-
; ests of States, and that' the political condud of
Charles IV-. since the Treaty of Basle; afforded proof
thar,Sovetaigns paid little regard to family. intesests,
when they Were in opposition to the interests 6f their
dominions; that the -friendship' between. Spain and
France was founded ot-I'local ',and-political consider-
ations ; that the topographical.sitoation'of the two
kingdoms was of itself sufficient to demonstrate how
important it was for Spiin to preserve a good under-
.standing with France, the only State on the Coati-
, vent of .ti-:urope. with which she has dire& and very,
extensive relations,. and consequently that every rea-
son of pdlicy induced Spain to maintain a perpetual
peace with France. Besides, what ground of suspi-
"cion'had.•the Emperor with respect to a nation who,
.to considerations of interest, add the inflexible and
.
integrity with which at all pertorls, accord-
ihg to the admission of French writers themselves;
they- had, preser\Ved thiir federative system ?•
• added, that there were reasons no less import:-
ant, why France should not, endanger the con tinu-
anee• of that harmony which prevailed since. the ,1
Treaty of Basle, with equal advantage to' herself and I
to Satin; that the Spanish nation, whose generosity
and affe4.-lion for their Sovereigns were proverbial,
if from a principle of fidelity they had submitted to
the caprices of despotism, -when covered with the
veil of Majesty, would, from the operation of _the
same principle, display their well-known valour,
when they saw their independence and the security
of their beloved Sovereign violated ; that if unfor-
tunately France should commit so atrocious an insult,
that Power would lose an ally whose armies, fleets,
and treasure had in a great measure contributed to
hertriumphs ; that _England, which had in Vain at-
tempted to shake the good faith of, the Spanish Ca-
binet for the purpose of separating her from' France,
would avail herself of such a conjuneture to dimi-
nish the force of her enemy and augment her own,
by pacific relations with a Tower which she would
assist with money and forces, by land and sea, in the
glorious enterprise, of 'defending our independence,
and the securitrof our King and natural Lord.; thht
the feeble Colonies of France would not fin the
Anaritime forces of Spain employed in obstruthrig
the plans of conquest of Great Britain ; and that the-
commerce of that-Power must inevitably come int 6
competition at the Spanish market with the French,
which is now peculiarly favoured.'
" Besides these considerations, having a dire& re-
lation to the interest of both Sates, I expatiated on
others no less cogent, and connected with the cha-
ratter of the French Cabinet. • •

I reminded the Minister, That on the 27th O&.
last a Treaty was signed at Fontainbleau, wherein
the Emperor guaranteed the independence and in-'
tegrity of the Spanish nation as it then was; nothing
had since occurred which could justify its infraetion
on the contrary, that Spain had continued to add now
claims' to the confidence and gratitude of the-French
empire, as his Imperial Majesty himself had confess-
ed, by,tlic praises he bestowed on the good faith and
constant friendship of his intimate and first ally.
What confidence; I 'added, can Europe place in
her treatis with France; when she looks to the per-.
fly with which that of the 27th O&. has been vio-
lated ? And what must be leer terror when she sees
the captious means, the sedumi've artifices, and the
false promises by which his Imperial MajevYlbas
confined the King in the city of Bayonne, in order
to despoil him of the Crown to which, with the inex-
pressible joy'of his people, lie has been called, by the
fundamental laws of the kingdom; and the sponta-
neous abdication of his august father. Posterity will
• not believe that, the Emperor. could have given .so
:great a blow to his own reputation, the loss of which
will leave no other means of concluding a war with
him than,total destruation and extermination. •
• " This was the state of the discussion, when the
Emperor, who had overheard our c:niference, or- ,
dered us to enter his own Cabinet, where, to my
.great-surprize, I was insulted by his Imperial Ma-
jesty with the infamous appellation of traitor, "upon
no other ground, than that haying been Minister to
Charles IV. I continued to serve his son Ferdinand
VII. He also accused me, in an angry tone, of
having maintained, in an official conference with Ge-
neral MOntion, that my Master, in order to his be-
ing King of Spain, did not stand in need'Of•the're-
.cognitioo of the Emperor, although that might be
necessary in order to continue his relations with the
'French Government.

His IMperial Majesty manifested' still greater
irritation on account of my having said to. a tbreign
Minister, accredited to the Court of Spain, that if
the French army offered any violation to the :into-
grity and independence of -the Spanish Sovereignly,
300,000 men would convince them that abrave.and
generous, •nation was not to be insulted with itn
punity...

°After-this ill treatment which I hie with, which
,was as satisfactory to my own feelings, on -account.of
the-real causes of it, as it was.painfill on account of
the Royal Personage tin
whose. interests were in es-
tion, his Imperial Majesty, with his natural aspe-
tityi' entered ii/W a /conversatioa upon the points
which had alreadrbeeti discussed. He was not in-
sensible of the strength of my reasons, and the soli.;
dhy. of the arguments by which I supported the
rights of the king, hiS dynasty, and_the'whule na-
tion; • but his Majesty concluded by telling;,: me, I
•have a system of poltepor my own; You ought to
adopt more liberal ideas ; to be less susceptible on
the pdint of honour, and iaot,sacritice. the prosperity.
of Spain to the interest of the Bourbon family.'
His Majesty, distrusting • the 'apparent -coirt-
placelley with which I received • the attention
which he was Eleaied to show me; as- I was

to ring Mare of trim, sent
that upon the. F.ntsjec.'l under disCmsion a—rllo-1,4
itegoCia'(Or be necessary: irbilst
his Maje Sty was- considering Whom he should
point tosueceed ine in this'negotiatinn, one of the
many puppetS.,:td),),.:playd their parts in this intrigue.,
introdußgil.hitnsetfit;) tile Archoleacon D. Juan Da
Espoiguiz,:an.l persuaded, himto pay a visit to the
Minister,tetarapigny. He accordingly- went, Undet
the impulse of a Most zealciu regard
.for the in-
terests df.his :Majesty; and, prevailed on the Minlstei
of •Foreign. Affairs to communicate to him the
. .

most recent prdpositions of the Emperor, which t!;e
said Seignorls,scoiquiz.iinmedintely put
and a literal 'copy of them will be found in No. 4.
of the annexed documentS.

In this state of things; his Majesty imprci:sect
with the which adorn the most extellent.
Seignor Don Pedro 13:1•Labrador, formerly Minister.
to the CouyiltOlYiorence, and Honorary CdUnsPl=
for of aiikaitigGititated him with full powers and
klitabibik*lmalortsi which may be it-eri in N6.A.;
or,deringillint toillreent thein to the Minister of
Foreign Allifirs,rand to demand his full patvers in
return, and:that.the proposals of hi 4 linrieii.:ll Ma-
jesty should be communicated in an authentic rilan7
ner. Both those demands were rejeticl by the
Minister Champagny, tinder-the frivolous pretext
that they 'were rneie matters of forth, beiP)g whwly
uncofinecied with the essential object • 6,,f the nego:qa-
•tion.t

" Seignor Labrador insisted oil the iMportahce of
'both the one and the other requisites, especially ut
matters of such great consequence, a !ding, that w ith-
out them he could discusS rid subject, and that the
King his master required them to viny the -instruc-
tions, if necessary; that had been giVen him ; but
always in vain. Notwithstanding. this, - Seignor
,Champagny 'talked of the last propo'sitiens pt the,
Emperor, which were somewhat ' different from
those presented by Gen.-Savary, but' not less • irri-
tating and violent ; and he conoludeci.-with
Seignor Labrador that the prosperity of Spain ant,
hiSsown were at that moment within his power.
" This. MiniSteranswered that he woulticomnitt-
nicate td'theltitt.his Master these new 'propris:al:4,
He made those reflections upon them which his
talents, for the service of- his Sovereika, and
for the'godd' of his country, naturally stigc?,eited
and he 'stated that the welfare of his SoVereign, and
that of the nation, were. inseparably united. HL
added, that to these two objects he had directed all
his attention in. various Situe.ons.; and lastly, he
said, that he readily. admitted
.that his own.prosperity
depended nn the issue, ,because his fidelity to the
King of Spain, and to his native country, as welt
as the reputation he 1,:.a 'acqUir:ed by the faithful 'dis-
charge Of his duty, were connected-with it. Seig-
nor Laligiclor, before he terrnined the c;aiversalion.
Mcicl.,anpagay if the King was in a,mote of
.libertyst, .tp,,,wbicti the '.French Minister replied
that there,c6ulci be no doubt of 'it. On this La-
brador rejoined,, Then he should be restored to his
kingdom.' T 6 this the Frenchman replied, '..that;
in respect to his return to,Spait.!, it 'was ntteSsary
that his Majesty. should have a right underscr;kding
with his Imperial Majesty, either personally or by
letter.'

This answer, acided to the other.circumstancts;
left no doubt in the mind of the Kit 42, that lie%vva.
actually at Bayonne in a state.ot arrest ; 1,0‘.1 ever, to
give more ostensibility to this- violence extended to-
wards his Majesty, I sent a mite (No. 5,) by his
royal order, to the Minister for Fotetgn Atfairs, tell-
ing him that the King was, determtned •to return
to Madrid, to 'tranquillize the agita6oll. of his
beloved subjects, and to provide for the trans-
action of the important busineis of his kingdom ;
assuring M. chanpagny at the same thne, that
would L'Ontilitie to.freat with his imperial Majesty,
on 41f1144 Yecipiii&arly- -advantageous. NO:answer
was gide tbAtlt4l cc:mmuuication,',nor hd:d .it any
()tiler effeYiqhali' to increase the Oution and Vigi•
lance beforeapplied for the 'detention - of ins
jesty.•
Seignor Labrador was cc tainiy not a fit person for
their puri.o4eS, f it he was immediately got rid of under
the pretence of his not -holding a rank correspetiding
to that of the-Minister Cliampagny,.and that his na-
tnral_diBpwiition was too, inflexible. •

" Tile tricks of diploMacy could wit preVail 'aver
'the firmness of the King, or the 2eal of his repre-
sentativ'es, and the individuals of his Royal house-
-1') hol'who'deliberated at a Council (his Majesty
• •
• being present), open the interests of the King aril
the iNation; so that the Emperor saw hirriseil un-
der the necessity ut changing hiS plan, iu order ro
accomplish his purpose, -and he wished that the
Royal Parents should depart for Bayonne, in order
to, make them the instruments of the oppressiOn.nnd
disgrace of their son. For this ptirpose he ordered
the Grand Duke of Berg to employ all his arts to
accelerate their journey to Bayonne.
.* The Royal Parents required that the Favourite
should precede them in their journey, and the Grand
Duke made iario,us•applications to the Junta of Go-
vernment to obtain his liberty. The Junta
anthority•to liberate himiltaving in this point ben
laid tinder positive restraint by his Majesty's orders
from Vittoria, as has, been already mentioned, ; btt
the Council,•misled by the suggestions of his ltri»
perial 'Majesty, and intimidated by the threat
the Grand Duke would obtain ))/ irresistible fir co
what would not be, conceded as a favour, the Juatti
ordered the release of Don Manuel
,GOdni; who-wad
immediately conveyed to •Bay9nne„ under 'an. ade-
quate; et.aort4 decree No. q, in the. hand-
writing Bf,
ithe an authentic, p.r.9cf t dc-1
terMinanian o his Majesty as t;.r,this'pi:irticular.
'i" TiieLliforirParents undertook their jour-
ney, and proceeded in it with too much rapidity for
the unhappy state.of health of Charles IV. but tha
inexorable will oldie Emperor had c:letefinind that
.
it shOuld be so. * ' ••

" What his: Imperial Majesly- undertOok was a
most itrdu,,us task. It was neceary to his'purpOse's
to de.4deli the Sen,iibility of the KHg ; to destroy his_
riateion fOr his"tirst-bOrn,- which the most infamous
Court intrigue ever,contrived-had ~ot yet wholly ex_
tinguished. Further, it was nec,:4,i;try, thg.irliese
IM,ink, parents, ati'eationate to sorrie.of their children,
•Withi+evel to him; sub titute kir their
natural tenderneqt, ;the most frigid ,and 'cruel 1 indif-
ference. To ftAlthe purposes intended by Napo-
leon, in'the end 7 with respell to the. Royal Parents,
they Must beco'irie the instruments of misery, cork
reCtion, and imprisonment.; .they were to become
the jailors of .their, children. His power, „by tri.

,kiipliing over all the feelings of nature, aceopaplish-'
ed his purposes. •
"-I have proved•that the abdication of the Royal.
Father at. Aranjuez was a spontaneous. aa, and that
the motive to it was the partiality of his Majesty
towards his disgraced favourite. In Bayonne, he.
told the King, his son, that he did not wish to re-
turn to the throne of Spain ; notwithstanding that;.,
he desired his Majesty should renounce the Crown,
to make a present of it to the Emperor; that is, to
present it to a Sovereign, who, in part at least, has
been the origin of the difficulties of Spain, the only
cause of the loss of our squadrons, the mover of the
disturbances at Court, and in the Nation, and of
she intended journey of the Royal ?at-nil), to Seville;
and from thence to America, prevented by the ex-
plosion of the 17th of March.
I-leave" to the wisdom of the Sovereigns of Eu-'
rope to judge whether it be possible that a Monarch,
affeciionate to his children, highly enlightened, pe-'
netrated deeply by the, principles, of religion, and
pious without superstition, could, without violence,
forget for a moment all his duties to his family, and
-proscribe his whole dynasty, to call another to the
Throne, for whom he has no esteem, and, on the
contrary,, detests, as the plunderer of those Thrones
Which have come within the-reach of his ambition.
If such be the change, it is the most extraordinary
revolution that history has presented to the world.
" Ferdinand VII. over-awed, a prisoner, and
controuled by circumstances, on the Ist of May 4
made a conditional renunciation of his crown, in
favour of his august Father. (No. 7.) To this fol.,
lowed the letter of the Royal Father to his Son
(N 0.4), and the very discreet answer of the Royal
Son to the Father, . (No. g).
" On the sth of the same month of May, at four
in the _afternoon, the Emperor went to visit the
Royal Parents, and continued in conference until
five o'clock, when King Ferdinand was called in by
his august Father to hear, in the presence of the
Queen and the Emperor, expressions so disgusting
and humiliating, that-I do not dare to record them.
All the party were seated except King Ferdinand,
whom the Father ordered to make an absolute.re-
nunciation of the Crown, under pain of being treated,
with all his, household, as an usurper of the Throne,
and a conspirator against the life of his parents.
" His Majesty would have preferred death ; but
desirous not to involve 'in his misfortunes the num-
ber of persons comprised in the threat of Charles
IV. he assented to another. renunciation, .(No. to),
which bears on itsfront all the indications of con-
straint and violence, and 'which 'in no. respe& an-
swers its purpose; to colour over the intended usur-
pation of the .Emperor.
" These are the only instances of renunciation in
which I have interfered as Ministgr and Secretary of
State. That which is spoken of at Bourdeaux, I
have not_,lhe least knowledge of ; but I know the
Emperor, in the last conference with King Ferdi,
nand VII. said to his Majesty, " Prince, ilfata opier
entre la cession et la mort."—" Prince, you have only
to choose between cession and death." _ _ _

" With respe& to the rest, the whole, world is
apprized that Charles IV. renounced the- Crown to
the Emperor at the time that the Prince of Asturias,
his brother the Infant Don Carlos; and his uncle the
Want Don Antonio, were forced to surrender their
rights. The Emperor, now believing himself pro-
prietor of the Crown of Spain, placed it on the head
of his brother Joseph Napoleon, King of Naples.
" It has already been explained, that although the
King left his Court for a few days, he thought fit.to
landion a Junta, of which the Infant Don Antonio
was to be President, with 'full powers to determine
for him, and in his Royal name, all subjects that
would not permit of delay. Every night I sent a
courier to this Junta, communicating whatappeared
necessary for its information and dire6tion;
" When the King arrived ai.Bay—finne:(and on
the day of his arrival the ambitious .and'' violent in-
tentions of the- Emperor were communicated 'to
him), I began to fear that the extraordinary couriers
would be intercepted, as was found" to be the fao.----
Arriong the various disputes that I. had with the Mi-
nister, Champagny, on the dillerent accidents that
occasioned the detention of the Cabinet couriers, the
answer that he gave me to a remonstrance of mine is
sufficiently remarkable. It is to be seen among the
documents in justification (No. t I). In this situa-
tion of things, I took "the precaution of sending du-
-plicates by different conveyances. By such, means,
I succeeded so far as to give information to the Junta
of Government of the arrest and oppression to which
the King had been exposed.
" It was easy to foresee that the freedom of the
Junta would not be respeded, since, notwithstand-
ing all the oilers and assurances of the Emperor, the
liberty of the Sovereign was violated at Bayonne;
-and that the noble designs of,sonie Members of the
same Assembly would be obstructed (although bold-
ly declared) by the irresistible power of the repre-
sentative of the Emperor. •To t his, no doubt, i- to
be'attributed their .not having consulted upon the
awful condition 01 the Kingdom, and the remedy for
such a calamity, as well as not having appointed a
Junta to assume the Regency, in a place where the
bayonets of the enemy could not penetrate.
" The' King was surprised that the Junta had not
written ; and the following post, when his Majesty
bad.come to a determination in.consequence, with-
out losihg a moment, I sent a Royal order to the
Junta, . that they should execute ,whatever was
e:tpedient for the service of the King and, the King-
dom,- and that for that purposo they should vmploy
4-111 the Powers which his Mliesty.would possess if he
were himself resident in the Kingdoin;(6)

" Nothing could be written. that could, be more
intelligible. The security of the means of com-
munication diminished every moment; for I could
not wiped .that the Emperor would regard the
'sacredness or a correspondence, since he paid no
respeet to the person of the Sovereign to whom it
was subservient.

" .The- -Junta, notwithstanding, thought it was
necessary to consult his Majesty, and to obtain
his orders as to various measures which appeared
.to-thetil necessary for the salvation of the country;
and for this 'purpose they sent to Bayonne a con-
ildential person of known zeal in the Royal service,

, (6) The Cabinet Courier conveying this Roy.al Onier was
itdercepted, on which account I scut a duplicate, which was
receivcci by the Junta, the.memoranclum of which '1 have not
been able to preserve.

LONDON: Printeci by
tit-the Soli-O

totransmit verballc to the King the following pro-'
positions _ ;,-
1. Whether his Majesty thought fit to au-
Ahorize the. Junta to substitute, in case of need,
some person or per.,ons of their own body, or
otherwise, to hold a. Council in a secure situation,
where. it could freely aai and 4 hey entreated his
Majesty to signify who should compose the Coun-
cil for that purpOse, should ,he think the measure
expedietat.
• 2. Whether is was the wish of his Majesty that
-hostilities should be commenced against the French
army ; , and in that case, when and how the purpose.
should 'be -executed.
3. Whether it were likewise the wish of the
King that we should endeavour to p'revent the en-
trance of more French troops into Spain, by guard-
ing the passes- on the frontier.
4. Whether his Majesty,thought it.would be
right to convoke the-Cortes, for which purpose a de-
cree of his Majesty would be necessary, addressed to.
trie Royal Conned. It being possible that at the ar-
rival of the answer of the King, the Junta would,
not be at liberty to act, they asked whether any
Chancery of Audience of the Kingdom should be
empowered, which was not within the reach of the
French troops. Further,, if the Cortes should be
assembled, on what subjects of discussion it should
prcseed.'
" The person charged ,/,ith these propositions,
art ived at Bayonne on the 4th of May, at night : he
came to me iMmediately, and having disclosed to me
his business, I introduced him to his Majesty with-
out losing a moment.
" The King having taken into consideration the
four propositions subtnitted to
.his attention by the
Junta, ..,?sent in answer tWo Royal decrees in the
morning of the following day, ;he one written by
his Majesty with his own hand, direCted to the
Junta of Government ; the other signed by his
Majesty ( " ,Yo el Rey" ) addressed in the first
instance to the Council, and .next to any Chancery
or Audience of the Kingdom *hid) should not be
under restraint. _

These original decrees, dispatched by me With
all care, and under secure conduit, it is well known,
arrived to the bands of one of the Members of the
Junta, who is now absent, and whose name was first
mentioned ; but the Junta is apprized that he made
no use of it, nor did he ever send to the Council the
decree which was addressed to it.(7)
" The minutes of these two decrees are not in
my possession, because the critical situation of the
King at Bayonne, and the necessity of avoiding the
exposition of his views, obliged me to destroy them.
Notwithstanding this, I preserved them in my me-
mory, and they are testified and certified by the
three Secretaries of. his M'ajesty, D. Eusebio
Bardaxi y Azara, D. Luis De Onis, and D. Evaristo
Perez De Castro, who were with me at Bayonne,
and saw and read the two .original decrees, the sub-
stance of which is as follows :

" The King said to the Junta of Government,
that he was not in a .state of freedom, and conse-
quently
incapable of taking any measures, for the
preservation of the Royal person and the Monarchy.
On that account'the Junta was entrusted with most
ample powers to repair to any place that should be
'deemed most convenient; that in the name of his Ma-
jesty, and representing his own person, they might ex-
ercise all the funelions of sovereignty ; that hostilities
should commence the moment when his Majesty
should proceed to the interior of France, which he
would not do, unless obliged by violence. Lastly,
that in such a case, the Junta should prevent, in the
best manner they could, the introduction of more
troops into the Peninsula (8).
In the Decree directed to. the Royal Gamlen,
and next to any Chancery or Audience, his Majesty
said, that, in the situation in which he found him-
self, deprived of his liberty, it was his Royal Will,
that the Cortes should be assembled in such plaCe as
should appear most convenient; that at. first they
should occupy themselves exclusively in attending
to the levies and subsidies necessary for the defence
of the kingdom, and that their sittings should be
permanept, to determine what shoUld be done on
future events (9).
" The 'disgraceful means, of which the Emperor
availed himself to obtain the renunciation of the
Crown of Spain in his favour, have already been
known ; but the violence of Buonaparte to accom-
plish his purposes did not terminate there. Blinded
as he was by the extravaganc,e of his ambition, lie
could yet discern how easily these aEts of renuncia-
• tion would be disposed of ; and therefore be.endea-
voured to confirm the. by the means of a Council,
which he called a National Assembly, and which
• was to be convoked at Bayonne (10).
" He named about 150 Spaniards, of different
classes, conditions, and corporations, to constitute
this Assembly, but onlcr. about 90 were convened.
A part of these, representing some cities, tribunalS,
or public bodies, brought with them instructions, in.
the nature of powers given them by those whom
they represented, but wholly insufficient to answer
the purpose intended. The Ministere of the Coun-
cil were without any powers or instructions what-
ever, n precaution adopted by this tribunal in, con-
(7) When these two Royal Decrees came to the hands of
the junta, the Grand Duke of Berg had been to some-days
President; and the affair of the 2cl of May had taken place.
The President, after the departure of the Royal Parents, pre-.
cipitately and ifidecently forced from the Capital all the
Members of the Royal Family, and sent them to Bayonne.—
But yet he had to talfe the important step of taking complete
possession of the Government, in order to which the bloody
'scene cif the ad of May was exhibited : a scene of horror
and iniquity similar to what the modern French have exer
cuted in other countries with similar designs.
_ 48.) ". The perfect agreement between the recommenda-
tibn of the. King given to the lunta, in his Royal Decree of
the stli of May, and the determination of his faithful vassals,
is very retharkable. We have seen that all the provinces of
the Monar,..by
,rose .spontaneously to resist the oppressor,
without having any knowledge of the-will of.their Sovereign.
(g.) " We, the three Secretaries of the King, for Decrees,
cc, tity,
,that we have seen and read in Bayonne, the two oh--
ginal Decrees sent by his Majesty Ferdinan i VII. On the sth •
of May, in this year, which are mentioned above; ancl:the
substance of the contents of them, as tar as we can recoiled,
is the same as is here stated.
" EUSEBIO DE BARDAXTY AZAEA.
" Luis DE ON to.
" EVARISTO PEREZ DE CASTRO."
•" Madrid, Sept. t,-1808." .1
( 1.04.1 t is will known that this-Junta was assembled at
Bayonne, according to printed notice given on the nth of
to treat, as it was said, of the means of securing the
happiness of Spain, but in fax, to pfopose the continuance
of ail the evils of the former 5) stein; '..rnd such' c:i,r;ns and.
alterations as were most likely to destroy the v, hole Louiltryt.
and every province belonging to it.

fortuit to 111( c•pul on of itstorninissioners, oriler
y
to avoid all itwciuntary compromises.
,Most of the
1‘ Deputies bad no otAler pol.vvrs.than merely airrder
to take their dcrarthre, and many of. theca. did hoc
j•-belong to any public body or acknowledgt•d' clas,
of the community. . •

Emperor . fully expe&ed, fr.our 1!•:

escence of these individuals, a tuask under ti 11:ch`
• • •
to conCe:.:l ttis usurpation ; . but he was utterly de-
ceived. Insteacrof finding •weak men;wonvenient'
io the desgus of his mercenary ambition, he a wet ,
by Ministers incorruptible, Grandees worthy of their
rank,.and Representatives ‘,.ho were taithlufdriend-
ers of the interest and of the honottrof their coun-

try. They all, with one aceprd, int,time.t,l,ltitn, that
they held powers much rewic-,ted, thAt.they were
not the legitimate Representatives of Spain, and that
they'codd Out compromise her rights. .

"TheSe, and other similar reflections; were treated
with insolence in the tribunal of the Usurper, who,
far from being discomfited, put into activity all the
means of oppression, flattering himself that, by vic-
tories on the one hand, and corruption on the other,
he should so colour over injustice, that he would
not be considered by the woad 'as the subverter of
general tranquillity.
• . •

" I-do not enter into the particulars that occurred
,in this Congress; but one of the Ministers of the
Council of Castile, who does so much honour to his
robe, will satisfy the curiosity of the public as to
this particular.
I ought not to speak of what I have suffered
for my King and country : the truth is, I, have not
suffered, for all I have done has been required by
my Most sacred duties. It was to me the highest
Satisfaction id see my lodging in Bayonne surrounded
by the satellites of Government : to..these- spies,suc-
ceeded, who abound always where those are in au-
thority who in history usurp the chuacters of heroes.
My steps were, reckoned—my visits obsery ed.—
Espionage, under the mask of compassion, ap-
proached to examine the secrets of my soul ; but
nothing disturbed the tranquillity of my mind.—
What I could not behold with patience, was to see
myself- condemned to a confinement within the fron-
tier of France, until the Emperor should consider
that my narration of the scandalous proceedings
could not destroy the lofty fabric of the new Spanish
Monarchy. In vain, for two months, I applied to
the Minister for Foreign Affairs, with the utmost
importunity, to be permitted to return to my_ beloved
country; the determined resistance I made to the
attempt of usurpation made the Frenth.Government
deaf to my entreaties, believing, not without good
reason, that I should endeavour to inflame heroism
in my country, denominated insurrection in. the
Journals of Bayonne. •
" In such unfavourable circumstances,. a mode
presented itself-to me of avoiding a state of indefinite
banishment. Such were the repeated entreaties of
Joseph Napoleon that I should continue with him in
the situation of Minister, to which I acceded
with-
repugnance and from constraint, but without pre,
judice of my right to abandon it at a convenient
opportunity.
"This opportunity occurred the moment I set
foot in Madrid. From that instant I -only thought
of availing myself of the most early -means of-re-
signing my new eharaEter, which did in the man-
ner shwn in document No. l 2. I

" Joseph Napoleon could not be grieved at the dis-
appearance of a Minister who .so frequently oppos-
ed his wishes (11), and who, in the opinion of some
of thOse who immediately surrounded him, was a
Quixote in his maxims,''who could not comprehend
the sulliine intentions of the greatest -of heroes in fa-
.your of the regeneration of Spain.
" I have shewn in this narrative • with clearness
and fidelity, the series of the principal events in this
important epoch, carefully avoiding to enter • into '
'
minute particulars foreign to my object,
,or which
Should make this exposition too prolix; atici I have
enr:,nvoured to place _before my readers, in its true
point of view, ail the injustice and violence with ;
Which the French GoVernment has concluded itself .
towards our beloved Sovereign, and the whole na- '
tion.

u It has already been proved, that the renuncia-
tion of Charles .IV. in favour of,his son Ferdinand
VII. is vitiated in no respea. In the slight sketch
which we have drawn ofthe perfidious and \de-
ceitful arts with which the Emperor has, made the
progress we have seen, the series of atrociious in-
sults offered to Spain, and to the unfortunate King
Ferdinand VII. remains depided in indelible Co-
lours.

" The Emperor alarms Charles IV.- in order that
he may induce him to take flight for America, with
all the Royal Family, and abandon the Peninsula to
the former•: :he lights up the flame of discord be-
tween the Royal Parents and their child, in order
to debilitate Spain, dividing it into parties, after hav-
ing disgraced the' Royal persons ; he 'draws- Ferdi-
nand VII. from his Court by false promises ; he
makes him captive in Bayonne ; and when lie saw
that the virtue of the young King knew how M re-
sist his designs, and that Ferdinand could not be in-
.duced to renounce his Crown, he 'occasioned him to
be brought to Bayonne,. with all the other person-
ages of . the Royal Family, as if to present them
bound before the Imperial Tribunal, which was both-
judge and party in the same Cause.' He endeavours
to deprive the'parents of the sensibilities of nature,
and forces them to become the instrument, of the
oppression of their child. From the latter he ex-
torts a renunciation,' the most irregular and illicit
.transaction amongst the affairs of men ; and by a
series of abdications exaaed -by the same illegal
and violent'expedients, he believes that he 'has be
come the prOprietor of the Crown of Spain ; he
transfers it to his brother, without considering the
infamy 'to which he would be exposed in the Cabi-
nets of Europe, by the usurpation of the throne of
a 'Monarch, his fidend and 'ally.
is Who can doubt, from this clear evidence, that
the renunciation executed by Ferdinand VII. in fa-
vour of his august father, and that which succeeded
in favour of the Emperor, are absolute' nullities ?
Who will doubt but that if the last shOuld have
emanated froth' a 'free exercise of the will, thetights
•of the dynasty of Bourbon are:not prejudiced by a ?

f's may particularly instance the affair of 'the oaths,
when..joscpli Boonaparte"_arriving at !Vlach-id, wanted to com-
pel evcry body to swear alle6imc6 to hint ; and that of- the
ban's: I,:ent, of the Council of Castile' to BayOune,•for its rio-
s Lance. • "

rne-msfic oy nt ILIA A M ARMI GER SCR IPPS,South Mn!to
RICH &RD Ha Rit IS, of No. 4, MArtlett-court. Bow-street; and
'll!Cit No. 112 Strand where Advo tisenten ts , Orders tor the Ptiper, 'let/en fOr tile Editor, &c, (trot-paid ;

Who does not know, that in case of the extitaion
of such &family, and by the very eitablishinent of
the SplOish Monarchy, the nation alone can invite
another.dyna.;ty., -or Cita introduce such a form of
f.o-.e!-ontertt as it shall most appt`ove ?
lit itnpther part of this narrative,' I have shewn
tlytt li'-v!tnut•ll VII. was too honourable to suppose
th:ti the Enver, r could entertain such atrocious de-
The King desired to free Spain from the op-
pression of the Frvecb troops.; it "as prdmiSed him,
.that this and all other matters should be regulated
with the Emperor, and that be should return.to his '
kingdom with tie fruit of iris exertions for the good
of his vassals; and no hour Of his life Was unseaionf-
able to Itiin to exert himself for their happiness.
"This I saw, and can. testify. During, his confine-
♦ m,tit, nothing allliCied his generous heart so much
as the sufferincrs of his people ; and w 66 his liberiy
began to 'be doubtful; he adopted the means the mhst
to his paternal solicitnde: such was the
order which he gave for the regency, naturally.
sought, .when his freedom was interrupted ; and:
such was the command that the Cortes should be as--
sdmbled to determine those questions which in their
properylacalrave been noticed. , . .

Valour and patriotism 'ha‘;e suCcesSfully.arMed
the whole nation in its own defence, and for the pro-
tection of their legitimate Sovereign, although the
people -had no knowledge of the will of 'their be-
loved Ferdinand as to this movement. That patrioto
-ism, united to wisdom, will now impel then] irre-
sistibly to perform with proinp.titude the mostiii"
portant work of the Central Government or Re"
gency, which may administer the I-Affairs of this
kingdom in the name of his Majesty.
[bus will be completed, for the advantage Of
all, thelia expression of the will of the Kmg;whiell
he condescended to use the moment before he was
foiced to renounce the Crown ; thus will the nation
be preserved from this dreadful tempest ; it will have.:
.exhibited befOre Europe an example of loyalty, ho'
nour, and generous energy, which will .be :the sub"
jean of admiration in every age and in every country.:
" PEDRO CEVALLOS.,,
Madrid, -Sept. 1, 1.808."

MA NSION• HOUSE, OCT. 10.- Launcelot Eveso•
a drover, was charged with cruel treatment of a Wl'
lock, and also for working without- his badge.
Mr. Nalder, the City Marshal, stated, that thi.
morning he saw the Prisoner in Smithfield, most bar..
barously heating a bullock with a large bludgeon.
The animal seemed to be perfeetly quiet: and "
could have no other'reason for doing it, than to
tisfy his cruel disposition; he was also without 11h7
badge.

The Prisoner made no defence, and the Sitting
Magistrate ordered him to pay the mitigated fine of.
fen.,3hillings for each offence. Not being able to
pay the flue, he was committed to the Compter..

, -
GUlLDHALL.—Yesterday a person, of the nan?
of Wilkes, was charged by Mr. Grove, Watch";
maker, Wo9cl-street, Cheapside, under suspicion 01
stealing a parcetwhich Mr. Grove held in his hand-
He stated, that while hit servant was occupied in
his back yard., on Saturday night last, she received 4
blow from a parcel which had been thrown over• the'
wall, which separated the back of his premises frog
the street or passage. The girl immediately'
to the 'Witness and he being of opinion that it
been thrown thither by some person..who- hid stolen
it, and was in dread of-pursuit, desiredsit to be'kePt
ill the state in which it was, till it should be seen
it shciald be claimed, and by whom. One person
was, Shortly afterwards, observed to look earnestly'
into the Witness's window, and, in a little 6[116_,
after, a person came to the door, who, in a whininiS.
tone, requested that a parcel which had been snatch'
ed from him, arid thrown into the area, • might V
restored to. him. Some circumstances of suspicioa..
.arising, the Witnesi took this person into custod)r.-.
Thep 'arcel was addressed—" Messrs. Simpson and
Picktield, Aldermanbury." , To these Gentle/mei).
the Witness had applied, but they could not say 11'031
whom it had come; and the Witness thought it ira"
proper, though it might contain a bill or parcels, thilt:
it should be opened,but in presence of the MV;
strate. The parcel was then opeiaed. It cOritaine‘i•
several pieces of Chambray' --and-on Mr. SicnPs°el
being sent for, and the invoice shewn him, he staato
that the parcel contained goods returned. to lzis
by g'correspondent in Shoreham, in Norfol"1 had
he could not say by what conveyance the Psrc
come..,
:i • T Witnesses Prisoner adduced several tneeSes to cha
raaer, particularly some persons. with whom be 17
worked at his trade of a tanner. Be said that
now worked for a Mr. Cook, and for Messrs. Allen
f
and Chesney.-,.-That he had a wife and lour sma
children, and entreated, if he were to be re-e%3'
mined, that he might he.admitted to bail,
The Worthy Alderman ordered the .correspond"
eats of Messrs. Simpson and Pickman to be writiefl
to, and the -Prisoner to be remanded till Thursday'
not thinking himself entitled to 'consent to his
ration, in the mean time, on bail. •

IIIRTHS. Lady' 4if
On Friday the 7th inst. in Grosvenor-place, the
Augustus 1-I.unilton • Esq: of a Soh. e Hake-
On Sunday last, the Lady of JohnTrower, Esq-
ley-square, of a Daughter. , Bedford'
Yesterday, the Lady of Walter Shairp, Esq. 0.
square, of a Son.. •
The wine day., Mrs. John Armitage Brown; of a 500 •

'MARR,ED ,IP
•
On Saturday last, Mr. Earle, to Miss Bateman, of .-
gate. kill.
the attie'day, at St: George's, Blootnsbury, C3{43,„ Far
seph rhortfaS jolinSOn, of the Bth Madras Native Begin',
: t9,Miss Katherine Page, only dau,-,liter,of the late John 1-
!rkplA Page,. Esq. of Woburo,place.
__----"

1), Samuel