The Sun.
London, England, 1837-08-12 00:00:00

ME SUN, LONDON. SATURDAY, ATIGUST 12, 1837.

LONDON,
SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 12, 1837.

The Tory Journals are highly delighted with, what
they are pleased to call, their splendid electioneering
successes. According to their accounts, never were
such extraordinary triumphs as they have gained within
the last few weeks. They have put the Reformers to
the rout by entire platoons, and are now therefore
quite convinced that the principle of progressive, en-
lightened Reform will not outlive the Session. They
would be right in this conviction, were it possible that
their party could re-assume the reins of power, for
every one knows that Toryism is the direct an-
tagonist of anything like improvement ; but there
is not the remotest prospect of any such un-
toward contingency occurring, for Ministers are in
possession of a steady, working majority, which
will be very considerably increased when the nu-
rnereus election scrutinies are brought to a close.
The majority of the Tory returns have been gained by
dint of such barefaced bribery, and such reckless inti-
midation, earried to an extent never before attempted,
that there is scarcely one out of five in the Bo-
roughs that will be able to stand the test of a search-
ing scrutiny. None know this better than the Tories
themselves; and therefore is it that they are now so
busily endeavouring to keep up their courage,
and beguile their uneasy reflections by getting
up a stunning shout of triumph. But if—
despite their. noisy bluster—they are filled with
well-grounded alarms, how will it be with them when the
question of Vote by Ballot comes to be discussed in
Parliament, an] they see the extraordinary impetus that
they have been the means of giving to that question ?
Do they flatter themselves that it will be got rid of
as quietly next session, as it was the last ? If they
do, they will he most egregiously mistaken ; for
recent events have now convinced the country
that it is absolutely indispensable to the well-doing of
Reform ; and sure we are, that there will be no respite
from agitation till it be carried. Without the Ballot
we can never hope to subdue the anti-national preju-
dices of the House of Peers. It is indispensable to
our present political condition, being the sole means we
have left for remedying those corrupt habits by which
the Tories have been endeavouring for years past to
demoralize all the smaller colstituencies.

The Scotch elections are over, or may be so
considered., as the only one about which any doubt
retnains is that of Lanarkshire. Here the Taties
claim a majority of one vote in favour of Ivlr.Locx-
lIART, but the Sheriff had not made the return, and
it is not improbable that his calculation may not tally
with theirs to a unit. Granting, however, that it
should, there will then remain on the whole of the
Scotch elections a, gain of tWQ in favour of the Libe-
rals—the loss;:e being Haddingtonshire, Perthshire, and
the Kihnnnock burghs; and the gains, Edinburghshire,
Ilanffskre, Orkney and Shetland, Itoxburghshire,
and the Inverness burghs. Scotland has thus,
giving the Twits all they can with any show of
reason or probability claim,
19 Tories, returned 34 Liberals and
es. But this is taking the most unfavourable
view a the question; for Caithness, Peebleshire, Stir-
rngshire—and Lanarkshire (should the Sheriff sus-
tain the majority claimed by the Tories) will most un-
questionably be petitioned against, and to a cer-
tainty wrested from the anti-Reform faction. The
proceedings in Caithness have been most disgrace-
ful to the fanatical party who support the rene-
gade SINTCLAIR in that county. On the estate
of tht immaculate puritan alone from twenty to thirty
fittitious votes have been created, and some of the
underlinga in his interest have imitated the worthy ex-
ample of their superior in proportion to their ability ;
110 that when the balance of bond fide votes comes to
be struck it will be found to be in favour of Mr.
TRAIL', the able and spirited supporter of the prin-
ciples of Reform, and of the Liberal interest in the
county. The letters which we have received from
that quarter speak in the strongest terms of indigna-
tion of-the unprincipled conduct of some of the clergy

in this election. Four out of nine of the Rev. Gen-
t:emen supported Mr. TRA I LL, and this eir-
euin,tank.-..c so stung the fanatical five that tf.cy
seemed to think they were bound to do the
work of the whole. The pulpit rang with personal
invective and brutal intolerance., and every voter was
not merely canvassed, but ahso!utely perstir,:;.! in ta-
your of a candidate who had forfeited every claim to

the countenance of honourable men by his vile epos-
tacv. One Rev. Gentleman rendered himself particularly
conspicuous by the unscrupulous manner in which he
bore down every tic of honour and moral rectitude in
his eagerness to secure the return of his favourite—
threatening the reluctant voter with the wrath of man
in this world, and everlasting perdition in the next, un•

less he broke the sacred pledge he had giNen to
Mr. TaA t Lt. Yet these men think they are doing
GOD good service by thus forting their fellow-men to
break his laws I

We beg the attention of our readers to a state-
ment in another part of The Sun, copied from the
Morning Chronicle of this day, by which the writ:r
makes out that there will be a majority of upwards
of thirty in favour of Mini3ters, when Parliament
opens. This more than bears out the view we took
of the result of the elections yesterday. It is not a
little amusing to observe the antics of the Tory jour-
nals about the election returns. Grandmamma, with
a pair of new magnifiers clapt on her nose, declares
this morning that the elections of England and Wales
give the Tories a majority of 17 ; and the Times de-
termined to distance poor old Granny in the fibbing
race, swears the majority is 28—not one less I I I

King ERNEST AUGUSTUS of Hanover is prepar-
ing
to mount the political repentance-stool in Ger-
many. He has given the first proof of his not being
insensible to the odium attached to a bad character,
by/attempting a denial of the weightier charges pre-
ferred against him. He never intended the arbitrary
abrogation of the Constitution—not he. He never
meant to deprive Hanover of a General Assembly
of the States, nor dreamt of the " abrogation of all
the laws promulgated since the existence of the Con-
stitution." Bless us, hew prodigiously generous on
the part of his MAJESTY ! and what blockheads
must the members of the Cabinets of Berlin, Vienna,
Paris and London have been, when they inferred from
the contents of his MAJESTY'S letters patent of
the sth of July, any other than a right Royal
determination to uphold the Constitution, which
they stupidly assumed in such extreme peril. The
States of Baden, too, with the Grand Duke at
their head, fell into a similar error ; and even went
the length of authorising an appeal to the Frankfort
Diet. No wonder that habitually following in the
wake of such official interpreters of the testaments of
Kings, the public Press of Europe should fail to do
justice to his Hanoverian MAJESTY'S beneficent in-
tentions. True, the Press was at the trouble of print-
ing the letters patent, and even of calling public at-
tention to them ; but neither the Press nor the public
saw in them aught but a condemnation of the Consti-
tution. Finding, however, that the consequences of
so much dulness were about to be visited upon him-
self—and no doubt inspired with the beneficent design
of dispelling the mists of error in which his incompre-
hensible letters patent had be-clouded Western
rope—his Majesty King ERNEST AUGUSTUS has
caused the following official article to appear in the
Royal Hanoverian Gazette of the sth inst., to which
we direct the most public attention :
HANOVER, AUG. s.—We are authorized to communi-
cate the following observations with respect to the Royal
Letters Patent of the sth of July :
" The opinions published by foreign journals respecting
the Royal Letters Patent of the sth of July, which are at
variance with each other, and almost universally betray a
total ignorance of facts, have given occasion to the follow-
ing explanatory observations, which in this country may be
deemed as unnecessary. We may pass over the vehement
reproaches of an arbitrary abolition of the Constitution of
1833, as the Royal Letters Patent clearly express the con-
trary. But neither has a suspension of the Constitution with
respect to the administration taken place. All goes on as
usual. Under such circumstances, an actual suspension of the
Constitution cannot be assumed without a manifest injustice,
from the circumstance that the King has not issued on his
accession the Letters Patent required by the Constitution, and
which promises that it shall be observed. As his Majesty
does not recognise the Constitution to be binding either in
form or substance, and this very question, as well as the
utility of this Constitution, is to be made a subject of in-
quiry, it would be deciding the question at once to require
the issuing of these Letters Patent—a thing which will never
be asked on any legal process of one of the two parties. It
would be wholly groundless to affirm that what has been
done is an arbitrary attack on the Constitution ; nothing
has been done but what every body has a right to do—
namely, to put forth his claims, and it is not till they
are prosecuted in an illegal manner that the question
will be put how far there has been a violation of law.
This is neither the time nor the place to bring forward the
defects both in form and substance of the Constitution ;
there arc such, and even on its promulgation the first were
blamed by competent judges, especially that article 56 of
the concluding act of the Vienna Congress had been vio-
lated, which, out of ignorance of the facts, is now quoted
by the public journals to prove the validity of the Consti-
tution ; on which point we will only observe, that the As-
sembly of the Estates founded in 1819, by which the Con-
stitution was discussed in 1832 aid 1833, did not give its
assent to many points adopted in the Constitution ap-
proved by the King, and consequentl) the Constitution
which was then recognised and in force was not altered
in the manner prescribed in the 56th Act. For the pre-
sent we wish that no suppositions may be propagated,
which we can affirm on good authority to be wholly ground-
less. Nothing authorizes a conjecture that the Kin in-
tends to deprive Me country of a General Assembly of the
States, or that oil the laws promulgated since the existence
of the Constitution will be abrogated because they pro-
ceeded from the legislative power. The law and the ordi-
nance respecting the domains appeared, before the Consti-
tution, and consequently the Royal Letters Patent have no
reference to them. The revenues of the domains were
never at the unlimited disposal of the Sovereign ; those
ancient German and Hanoverian relations cannot be taken
away from the country, and it may doubtless be confidently
aiermed that the King never had any such intention. But
whether the country has been relieved by the financial ar-
rangements relative to the domains—whether the budget
has been diminished in consequence, is known to the whole
kingdom. Many persons, it is also said, are for a more.
suitable participation of the States in public matters, and
far contracting the length of its sittings. Unprejudiced
persons, we are certain, will await with composure and
confidence in their King. His Majesty's overtures to the
States, and all the Royal servants mindful of their duty,
will be anxious to refute erroneous notions and alarms.
The statements of a journal that ;t note from a great Court
led to the appointment of a commission to examine the
Constitution, is wholly groundless. The intention of such
an examinetion was entertained even before the publication
of tliQ Royal Letters Patent."
This defence of the KING involves several of the
most monstrous falsehoods and contradictions. " It
would he wholly groundless to affirm," impudently
assumes the writer, " that what has been done is an
arbitrary attack on the Constitution." Indeed ! What
says section 13 of the Constitution upon this head ?
We quote the words ;—" The KING will make known
his accession by the publication of a patent, where-
upon, after the communication of the corresponding
precepts to the whole kingdom, the doing of homage
will take place. In the patent, which in the original,
under the KING'S hand and seal, shall be deposited
in the archives of the States, the KING shall promise,
on his Royal word, the inviolable maintenance of the
Constitution." This is the language of the Consti-
tution itself—the language of the assembled States
and the late Sovereign of HA Nov ett, in conjunc-
tion with them. The Constitution is pronounced
sacred and inviolable, and the duty of allegiance is
made to depend upon the voluntary promise of
the SOVEREIGN to preserve it intact—subject, of
course, to the will of the nation constitutionally ex- '
pressed. But how has ERNEST AUGUSTUS of Cum-
berland re.sponded to the positive instructions—to the
necessary ordinances which this section of the Con-

stitutio❑ enumerates and pronounces impcintive ?
has himself answered this question hi his lettets Patent,
of the .sth of July. Speaking of his accession to the
Throne of tlis anoosto.ts, iii ootjltllitidtt 'kith the
changes elected in the fund:intent:Al la4s cif the
dotti by his Royal brother and predecessor, ERNEST
AUGusTus goes on to observe—" B.iing resolved
shortly to make known to our faithful people
our views on this most linportrtnt enbjeCt, itie
do not hesitate to declare that we cannot
find in the ennstiution, which neither in form nor
substance is bindim,r all us, a sufficient guarantee fat
the permanent prosperty of chic faithful subjects." '' It
is our Royal to devote the most careful considers-
tithi to the question whether and how far a mod fication
of the Constitution must fake place, or whether the Con-
stitution should be brought back totvhat it waskforethe
promulgation cf the present Constitution."--" Our faith-
ful subjects formerly enjoyed happiness and satisfaction
under the ancient hereditary Constitution of the King-
dom—a bond of attachment, and loyalty and confi-
dence in their SOVEREIGN, descending from gene-
ration to generation, promoted the happiness of the
SOVEREIGN and the welfare of the subjects. We
most earnestly wish to establish such a happy
state of things." Will M. VON Sell ELE presume
so far to insult the common sense of Europe as
to repeat a second time that the above is not an " ar-
bitrary attack on the Constitution ?" Will lie dare to
add in the face of evidence such as this, that " No-
thing has been done by the KING but what
everybody has a right to do ?" But we have no
interest, and just as little inclination to enter
more minutely into the legal enormity of an of-
fence for which the perpetrator manifests some
degree of compunction. In seeking to palliate and
defend his conduct, the King of HANovER confesses
himself. vanquished; and, moreover, indirectly promises
to submit to the guidance of the States of his king-
dom. The Constitution may therefore be regarded as
safe from the fangs of a tyrant, whose hatred of it is
not so strong as his fear of the vengeance of liberal
Europe.

The Paris Papers of Thursday have been accom-
panied with advices from Madrid to the 3d instant.
Both are unimportant. The French Papers repeat
the statement which appeared yesterday of the cer-
tain dissolution of the Chambers. From the
Spanish frontier no intelligence of any moment
has been received. Madrid was tranquil on the
2d. It is reported that ESPARTERO has written to
the Government, apprising Ministers that he will not
enter upon the discharge of the functions of War Mi-
nister, before he has put an extinguisher upon the
Carlist rebellion. The following extracts are from the
French Papers :
An entirely new situation is crested in Catalonia by the
organization and assembling of a Supreme Junta at Barce-
lona, for the defence of the country. A telegraphic des-
patch from Narbonne made us acquainted with the import-
ant fact the day before yesterday. To-day a letter from
Barcelona brings us details, which we hasten to lay before
our readers :

BARCELONA, AuG. 4.—The progress of the Catalo-
nian faction, the increase of the different bands in the prin-
cipality, and the disregard of the Government at Madrid
to the affairs of the country, have caused the civil and
military authorities of the four provinces of Barcelona,
Lerida, Tarragona, and Girona, to think of means for effec-
tually remedying all these evils. Representatives of these
provinces met two days ago, General Pastor presiding, and
unanimously decided to establish a Supreme Junta of Cata-
lonia, to complete the free battalion, to form new ones, and
to nominate a Special Commission, which shall reorganize
the whole of the national militia of Catalonia, and put it on a
respectable footing. Gen. Pastor has issued a proclamation to
announce the extraordinary measures which have just been
adopted, for a general arming, and for providing means to
beat the factionat every point. Catalonians (say the pro-
clamations), at the imperative voice of necessity, the laws
themselves are silent, and in the hard alternative either of
making extraordinay efforts, or of ruining our country, the
choice cannot be doubtful. The energetic and only effi-
cacious measures which I hare just adopted to put an end
to the innumerable calamities that affect our principality are
founded on these principles. To remedy those evils, to
give vigour to the military operations, to employ the na-
tional militia in a useful manner, to re-animate the country
which is in danger, to destroy a devastating enemy, to pre-
serve our families and fortunes, to regulate the contribu-
tions, and render them more—in a word, to save the
country and the Throne of the Innocent Isabella, recourse
must be had to the means which, under difficult, yet less
dangerous circumstances, the principality of Catalonia
adopted in the war of independence, and on more recent
occasions.

These are the measures, extraordinary, it is true, but
legal, which I have judged it useful to adopt, for the safety
of the people is the supreme law. (Here the measures
which are already known are enumerated.)
General Pastor says in this proclamation that he will give
an account of these measures to her Majesty, in order to
obtain her approbation. But meantime they are already
carried into effect, and even should the Queen's Government
not approve them, they will be continued notwithstanding,
for the Catalonians are resolved to manage their affairs
themselves.

The Garde National of yesterday says, " We have been
undeceived, and see how little we can depend on curtain men
who figure in the Government at Madrid ; this kind of
illiiindonment obliges us to have recourse to our own re-
sources to save the country and ourselves."

The Moniteur had no official article.—Le Commerce.
FRENCH FUNDS.—Pants, Anti. 10.
Ere per Cents., 110 f. 3 e. 40c. 45c stc.
Four per Cents., 10If. 10‘.
Three per rents. 7yf. 15e. 2-c.
Bank Actions, 2,4•20 f
Runte ne Yapics' 97f. 23c.
Roman Five par Cents , 101 101%.
Spanish Actives, 21 2.1% 21.
Spanish Passives, 51,i
Brussels Society, I.' sf.
Belgian Bank, 1,130 f. 1032 f. 1,410 f.
Portuguese Three per Cents. 26%54.
Haytian Loan, 320 f. 325 f.
EXCHANGE ON LONDON.
One month, paper, ‘..,5f. 3;%c.; money, 25f.35,
Three months, paper, 25f. 22%c.; money. sf. 20c
Authentsgue.
LAST PRICES.
Five per Cents.' 110 f. 65c.
Three per Cents. 7i/f. 3 lc.
Bank Actions. 2,420 f.
Roman Five per cents., 101%.
Belgian Bank, 1,441'f
Belgian Society, 1,655 f.
Portuguese Three per Cents., 264.
Haytian Loan, 325 f.
Spanish Actives, 23.
Spanish Passives 5%.

The Swiss scientific meeting assembled fur this
year, on the 23d ult., at Neufchatel, under the presidency
of Professor Agassiz, the Cuvier of Switzerland. • The
assembly consisted of 160 members, including several fo-
reigners. Next year the meeting will take place at Basle.
James Knowles, of Point Judith, in the last war,
fired in an exposed situation near the ocean, and never went
to bed without having his gun well charged by his side.
One night there was a violent thunder gust, which shook
the house to its foundation. " Husband, husband,"
screamed the wife, " get up, the British have landed, or
the day of judgment has come, and I don't know which."
" By gosh," said Knowles, springing up and seizing the
musket, " ready for either."—New York Paper.
Died at Sibsey, on Friday last, aged 27, after a
fortnight':., illness, John Ward, a native of Huttoft, near
Alford, an excavator on the works now going on iu Hohhole'
Drain. His funeral on Sunday (being the feast) was at-
tended by 150 of his fellow workmen, in their holyday
clothes, wearing on their hats white cockades, following the
corpse three abreast. The body was enclosed in a hand-
some wainscot coffin, covered with a pall supported by six
women ; it was conjectured that more than 1,500 spec-
tators were present, the turnpike-road being thronged from
the place where he died to the churchyard, which is about
a quarter of a wile distent. The church was crowded to
excess, as also the grave sides, yet the greatest decorum
prevailed on the solemn occasion. There had not been
such an occurrence at that place since 1801, when the
great work of drains was first making.

SCOTCH ALE.—I would also say a few words on
the method of brewing beer, lately introduced from Scot-
land, which English farmers may find it convenient to
adopt. The wort is made and also boiled with the hops,
in the usual manner, adding three-fourths of an ounce of
!sing-glass to every hogshead of wort ; but instead of cool-
ing it, and adding the yeast to produce fermentation, the
hot liquor is put immediately into the cask, and in some
days it cools, and then ferments in a peculiar manner,
without the addition of any ferment, and in the usual time
is found to be converted into an excellent liquor, quite fine
and mellow. lam told it generally turns out to be supe-
rior to beer brewed in the usual way, at the same time
there is a saving of one-fourth part of the malt, three
bushels producing as good a cask of beer as four by the old
method.—Correspondent of. the Buck's Gazette.

SIIIPPING.---(THIS DAY.)

I)EAL, Aco. Mud W2-,no rtriltalt sailed the
Ilathemy, front Batavia frfffti
Barbaoes Cofnwalt, Helt.from Calcutta ; itortianoft,
frotti krirnichl; tEirops, from Quebec.
P; W:..Atrivect the
Liam, lirrdson, from Sierra Leon d, 7: •
FALMOUTH, AUG. 10.—Wind tht
--, for Lisbon, scr.
Auo. IL—Arrived the St. Mary, Tucker, Quebec.
Atoi. 11.=---Arrived the Drydens, Hart, and
?then, Reed, from Quehee Vint, from Dantzig.
iltmtLANti At d. I.—Artitect the flalegott,
and Itobely, from Quebec ; James mid Thomas Cdf-
Usk; i from Mirarnichi.
ft,pttai-ioNht., Agri. Arrived Triumphi, —, Riga.
Betsiot, Aco. H.—Arrived the Portland, White, from
Tinte ; Orlando, ----; from Petersburgii.
PENZANCE, Ana. 10 —Arrived the Coburn-, Green, from
Liverpool, leaky, having struck a shoal, bound to London.
DUBLIN, Ace,. 10.—Arrived the City of Limerick, London.
WATERFORD, AUG. 10.—Arrived the Sir John Newport,
Nichol, from London.
Y,,coner.., Ave. 10.—Arrived the Lyons, M'Cartby, frocil
London.
LIVERPOOL, Atm. 10.—Arrived the William, Clark, from
Bombay. The Octavia, from Valparaiso, is supposed to be
arrived at Liverpool.
NIARGATE, Auo. 11.—Part of the broadside of a vessel of
about 60 tons, fir built, with a white streak, has been picked
up off the North Foreland, and towed in here.

The Quntre Freres, from Rouen to Newport, struck a shoal
within the Rundleston the Stia intent, and sunk ; crew saved.
The Mary and Betsy, from Neath to Truro, sprung a leak
off Penzance the 7th instant, and foundered; crew saved.

c..„, .0.

Zbt unv