The Sun.
London, England, 1863-04-11 00:00:00

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Now ready, in 2 vols., 215..
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COURTIERS of the TIMES of LOUIS XVI.
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insight into the acts of France, and the causes which insti-
gated the rulers and the people of that country to take part
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cannot fail to attract notice in this work. It is well timed,
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Now ready at all the Libraries.
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In 2 vols. post Bvo., 215.,

. .
LIFE in the SOUTH from the COMMENCE-
MENT of the WAR.

By a Blockaded British Subject.
Being a S.,cial History of those who took part in the Battles,
from a personal acquaintance with them in their own
Homes.
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her work from a personal acquaintance with many of the
leading men who took part in the battles. . . . There is
much In it calculated to throw light on the social condition
and status both of the slaves and their masters in the South."
—Observer.

Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly.

In demy Bvo., 10s. 6d.,
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guide their judgment correctly."—Morning Post.

Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly.

THE FARMER'S BAROMETER, 505., a
new Instrument, by Negretti and Zambra, will cor-
rectly indicate whether the Barometer falls for Rain or for
Wind. Particulars by enclosing stamp.-1, Hatton-garden;
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LUXURIANT WHISKERS, Moustaches, and
Eyebrows produced in a few weeks by the use of
ELLIOTT'S TONIC LOTION, the stimulative properties
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vinced of its infallible power. Price 3s. 6d., is. 6d., 10s. 6d.,
and 218. Forwarded on receipt of postage stamps.—Thomas
Elliott, hairgrower (first floor), 51, Fenchurch-street. T. E.'s
Wigs, £1 lft

MOORE BROTHERS' TEAS.

Choice SOUCHONG, recommended 3s. 9d. per IL
suitable for superior purposes, full rich Souchong flavour.
Mixed ASSAM. l ighly recommended 4s. Od. per lb.
of very choice quality, and the cheapest Tea sold.
id per lb. deduction on 2016. Bags and 45Th. Chests.
Prospectus free.
MOORE BROTHERS, 35, London-bridge, City, E.C.

THE best TROUSERS for gentlemen to wear
are those made by ELSTOB, of 60, New Bond-street.
They are neither so low in price as to necessitate their being
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wealthy as purchasers. "In media via tutissimus ibis."
ELSTOB'S TROUSERS, TWENTY-ONE SHILLINGS
PER PAIR.

PARKER'S PATENT TWO-WHEELED
CARRIAGES.
The Exhibition "CAMBRIDGE CART," 45 guineas.
The Sporting " CAMBRIDGE CART," 38 guineas.
The Tradesman's " CAMBRIDGE CART," 30 guineas.
The Lady's "CAMBRIDGE CART," 25 guineas.
These vehicles, constructed on an entirely new principle,
surpass all other two-wheeled carriages, for ease and freedom
from knee motion, combined with lightness.
Prospectus, with drawings and " opinions of the pres,"
free by post, on application to the Inventor and. Patentee,
Frederick Parker, Carriage Builder, Cambridge.

R.H. THE PRINCE AND H.R.H. THE
JILL, PRINCESS OF WALES, the Nobility, and the
Gentry are respectfully recommended to use OLDRIDGE'S
BALM of COLUMBIA, established upwards of forty years.
It is acknowledged to be the best and only certain remedy
ever discovered for preserving, strengthening, beautifying,
or restoring the hair, whiskers, or moustaches, and prevent-
ing them from turning grey. Price 3s. 6d., 65., and ils. C. and
A. OLDRIDGE, 22, Wellington-street, Strand, London, W.C.,
and all chemists and perfumers. For children it is in-
valuable.

RHEUMATISM, CHILBLAINS, Sze.
COLES'S ALGA MARINA is the only really
CONCENTRATED Essence of the Sea-weed. It is daily
increasing in celebrity as a remedy for all kinds of Rheuma-
tism, whether Acute or Chronic, immediately relieving the
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sea-side is recommended, and is also AN ADMIRABLE APPLI-
CATION FOR CHILBLAINS.

The public should be careful to obtain the original prepara-
tion by asking for " COLES'S ALGA MARINA," each
bottle of which is enveloped in a Pamphlet containing nume-
rous Cases and Testimonials, without which none is genuine.
Sold in bottles, 2s. 9d., 9s. 6d., and lls. each, by T. KEATING,
79, St. Paul's Churchyard, London ; and by all Chemis s.
Observe in the GENUINE ALGA MARINA the name of
JAMES COLES " is engraven on the label.

RIIPTURES.—BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT.
WHITE'S MOO-MAIN LEVER TRUSS
(PERFECTED AND EXIIIBITED IN TFIE GREAT
FXHIIIITIONS OF 1851 AND 1862), is allowed by upwards of
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The use of a steel spring, so often hurtful in its effects,
s here avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the
tody, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the
Moe-Main Pad and Patent Lever, fittin with so much ease
and closeness that ft cannot be detected, and may be worn
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truss, which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the cir-
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sent to the manufacturer,

Mr. WHITE, 228, Piccadilly.
A Single Truss, 165., 215., 268. 6d., and 318. 6d. Postage, Is.
Double Truss, 31s. 6d., 425., and 525. 6d. Postage, is Bd.
An Umbilical Truss, 425. and 525. 6d. Postag►e, ls. 10d.
Post-office Orders to be made payable to John White, Post-
JiDee, Piccadilly.

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eajh. Postage 6d.

JOHN WHITE. Manufacturer. 22g. Piccadilly.

ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road,
in the immediate vicinity of the Great Northern Rail-
way Terminus, at King's-cross.

Patron—The QUEEN.
President—The Duke of BUCCLEUCII, K.G.
Treasurer—Edward Masterman, Esq.
This was the first hospital to introduce the principle of free
and instant admission to the destitute sick, without the for-
mality of governors' letters. It is entirely devoted to desti-
tution in its most pitiable form—viz., that which is accom-
panied by sickness and disease, and is now of sufficient
magnitude that, with adequate support, it may be rendered
capable of admitting into its wards a very large proportion of
the casual sick of this great metropolis. It requires but the
funds in order to have 500 beds available for the reception of
these the most wretched of our fellow-creatures. Moreover,
it gratuitously affords medical advice and medicine to more,
on the average, than 3,000 out-patients a week.
The Weekly Board feel it their imperative duty to make an
EARNEST APPEAL to the public for continued support,
to enable them to admit and relieve the distressing cases that
daily present themselves.
Contributions are received by the Treasurer, Edward
Masterman, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and
Co. ; Drummond and Co. ; Berries and Co. ; Ransom and
Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co. ; Glyn
and Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denison
and Co. ; Mims, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and
Co. ; Nisbet and Co. ; Messrs. J. Barned and Co., Liverpool
and at the Hospital. _

~~.

GC,

"i /

/-~'

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, APRIL 11, 1863

The French Emperor and the Royal
Academy.

A letter from Paris says :—lt is customary for a newly-
elected member of the French Academy to be presented
formally, soon after his reception, to the head of the State,
whether the head of the State be called King, President,
or Emperor ; and the persons who, in virtue of their offic
act as sponsors cn the occasion are the Director for the
time being and the perpetual secretary of that learned
body. The writer who has been last admitted to the fau-
teuil vacant by the death of the well-known dramatic
writer Scribe is M. Octave Feuillet, whose claim to the dis-
tinction is founded on a number of works of fiction, ro-
mances, novels, dramatic sketches, proverbs, vaudevilles,
and comedies, all which are marked less by inventive power
than refined sentiment, delicacy of structure, and grace of
style. M. Octave Feuillet was introduced to the Emperor
on Sunday last, accompanied by M. Vitel, the Director for
the month, and M. Vitlemain, the " perpetual secretary."
The new Academician, though, I believe, no courderin the
vulgar acceptation of the term, stands very well at Court,
and has been more than once a welcome guest at Com-
piegne, where he contributed to the amusements of the
company with his " Proverbs," which were acted by some
of the highest and fairest of its occupants. It is hardly
necessary to say that on the day of solemn reception by the
Academy the new member has to read a discourse, record-
ing some of the leading incidents in the life of his predeces-
sor, and in which there is usually much eulogy, with its
little as possible of criticism. It is replied to with an ad-
dress by the Director, more or less laudatory, specifying
the titles of the recipient for the honour just conferred
upon him. There was a large attendance the day M.
Feuillet went through this ordeal, and the Empress and
some other members of the Imperial family testified by
their presence the pleasure they had received from his vers
tie societe and his miniature dramas at Compiegne. In the
course of his address M. Feuillet took occasion to make
some flattering allusions to the illustrious lady who was
among the listeners, and which, doubtless, she duly appre-
ciated, and it was certain they were such as would bespeak
more than ordinary cordiality in the Emperor's reception
of the laureate.

After the first civilities were gone through the Emperor
thanked M. Octave Feuillet for the compliment he had ad-
dressed to the Empress and to himself, all the more, he said,
as it required no little courage to praise him or his in the
Academy, and the compliment was the greater from its
rarity. His Majesty went on to observe that these recep..
tions were becoming more solemn and more important,
"and," he added, "I have been for some time past trying
to make myself worthy of you some day." A thorough cour-
tier would doubtless have replied to this hint by saying that
his honoured colleagues and himself were greatly flattered
at such a hope being held out to them, and that they were
most anxiously waiting for the moment to arrive when the
superlative honour of seeing one of the 40 fauteuils filled by
so great a Sovereign should be theirs. M. Vitel did not,
however, say so ; he merely observed that he, like
every one else, had heard of the historical composition on
which his Majesty had been for some time employed—the
" Life of Julius Caesar." He trusted it was near its com-
pletion, and he had no doubt it would fulfil the expectations
raised by it. The Emperor smiled, bowed, and admitted
that a good deal of the work had been gone through, but
that a good deal remained to be done. He flattered himself
that he had succeeded in elucidating some important points
connected with Caesar's military career, and particularly
his campaigns in Gaul. There were, however, some parts
which still required a good deal of study and research; some
time would probably elapse before he succeeded to his satis-
faction. He had to ransack old battle fields, the scenes of
Caesar's victories, and it required much labour and patience
to do so.

His Majesty chanced to look at M. Villomain at the mo-
ment, as if he directed this part of his observation to him.
" Very true, sire," said the witty and caustic secretary,
it is no doubt a laborious undertaking ; but, Sire, it is a
more pleasing task to search out old battle fields than
to open new ones." The august interlocutor stroked
his moustache with his thumb and forefinger, and again
smiled, as one fancies the Protector may have smiled when
replying to Dr. Holdenough's lecture at Woodstock.
" Lack-a-day I Tho good man speaks truth, according to
his knowledge and his lights—ay, bitter truths, and hard
to be digested."

The Emperor assured M. Villemain that he fully agreed
with him ; he felt the force of his observations during his
campaign in Italy, which made an impression on him which
he never could forget.

Naval and Military Intelligence.

THE NAYY.

In accordance with orders received last week
from the Admiralty, a searching inspection has been
made by the dockyard officials of each vessel com-
posing the squadron of gunboats attached to the
three divisions of the steam reserve in the Medway,
at Chatham, previous to the sale of those vessels
which the board may not be desirous of retaining
in the service. The result of the inspection has
terminated in an order from the Admiralty for the
following gunboats to be sold—viz., the Spey, the
Manly, the P-4ter, the Dwarf, the Fidget, the
Tickler, the Thistle, and the Mastiff. Each gunboat
is about 250 tons burden, and of 60-horse power.
The whole were built for the Government at private
dockyards during the Russian war, and most of them
are in tolerably good condition. A rumour was
yesterday current at Chatham that it was probable
the gunboats would be purchased by the Chinese
Government, to form part of the Anglo-Chinese
squadron under the command of Captain Sherard
Osborne, C.B.

Every exertion is now being used to hasten the
completion of the mahogany diagonal-built paddle-
wheel Admiralty despatch steamer Salamis, 4,
building at Chatham in readiness'for her launching,
which is fixed to take place on the 19th of May.
Her principal dimensions sre,—lecgth between per-
pendiculars, 220 feet; breadth, 28 feet 2 inches ;
depth of hold, 14 feet 6 inches; burden, 835 tons;
horse-power, 250. The next ship to be built on the
Salamis' slip has not been named, but, as the fol-
lowing vessels have been ordered to be constructed
at Chatham doekyard, it is probable that one of the
number will be laid down on the vacant slip—viz I
the Pitt, 91 guns ; the Boadicea, 51; the Pomona'
51; the Ganymede, 28; the Falmouth, 22 ; the
Tees, 19 ; the Diligence, 17 ; and the Albatross, 4.
The Admiralty have entered into a contract with
the firm of Messrs. Cambpell and Johnston for the
erection of a new caisson at the entrance to the
second dock at Chatham, in which the iron frigate
Achilles is under construction. The cost of the new
caisson is estimated at £3,500. Directions have
likewise been received at Chatham for the erection
of a new boiler-house at the Achilles' workshop for
the reception of the new machinery which is
ordered to be purchased and erected during the
present year. Among the sums voted for the ex-
penses at Chatham dockyard during the current
year is one of £16,480 for wages for 480 additional
hired mechanics and artisans to complete the work
already in progress at that establishment.

The conversation then took a desultory turn, and was
soon bm ught to a close. The Emperor was gracious to the
last, and the three Academicians took leave and retired.

The Lords of the Admiralty at Sheffield.

An official notice has been received at Chatham
dockyard that the boilers for the iron frigate Achilles,
50, have been completed by Messrs. Penn and Sons,
at their works, Deptford, and that they are ready
for shipment. Owing to every foot in Chatham
dockyard being now filled, and there being no un-
occupied shed at that establishment sufficiently
capacious to receive the large boilers for the Achilles,
it is probable that they will be landed at Sheerness
dockyard, and placed in store until they are ready
to be shipped on board the iron frigate.
Admiralty orders have been received at Chatham
for the merchant schooner Southland Head, which
came into collision in the Thames, with her Ma-
jesty's paddlewheel steamer Medusa, Master Com-
mander J. Loane, and received some injuries, to have
her defects made good at Sheerness.
The Jaseur, 5, 80-horse power, attached to the
first-class steam reserve at Chatham, is ordered to be
brought for immediate commission, with a comple-
ment of 65 officers and men. She is intended for
service on the West Coast of Africa. The Jsseur
has been taken into dock to undergo the customary
overhaul.

The Pandora, 4, screw, Commander Buxton, sailed
from Spithead on Thursday evening, taking mails
for Sierra Leone.

In accordance with the recent determined spirit
evinced by the Lords of the Admiralty to make
themselves as useful as possible, by seeing with
their own eyes all that rela! es to armour-plating,
from the first rolling of the mass of iish to their
final destruction in the form of targets at Shoebury-
ness, their lordships paid a long visit on Thursday
to the ereat Armour-plate Works recently erected
by Mr. Brown, the Mayor of Sheffield, and on that
day opened and worked for the first time in the pre-
sence of a number cf distinguished visitors. The
manufacture of armour-plates, we may premise, has
withir the last few months been in as fluctuating and
uncertain a state as that of either the guns or pro-
jectiles to be used in destroying them. The experi-
ments at Shoeburyness at first gave very varied re-
sults, and it was not until after some time that they
at last pointed almost decisively in favour of rolled
plates instead of hammered. The fibre in the for-
mer was found to be stronger, the texture of the
metal in every part more even, and the average of
perfect soundness throughout altogether of a higher
standard than could be relied on from the work of
the steam hammer. Still, even with these data
from which to start, there seemed a great difficulty
in obtaining any large supply of really good plates,
even when made of what is now thought to be the
minimum thickness of 41 inches. We hear con-
stantly of the Armourclads on the other side of the
Atlantic being coated with 12 and even 15 inch
plates of iron ; but, in plain truth, these plates are
mere shams, being built up by bolting together one
inch or two inch plates till whatever thickness is
required by the Government is attained, and by
this manufacturing ruse the Federal authorities get
a built-up plate of 12 inches with scarcely the re-
sistance that belongs to a solid one of four. But
what the Yankee Navy-yard has to endure from its
contractors is not tolerated for an instant in the
supplies required for Chatham or Portsmouth,
where the standard of excellence is so high
that even very recently one eminent firm has
had as much as £15,000 worth of its finished
plates returned upon their hands for defects that
were little more than trifling. In fact, every day
has shown for some time past that the manufacture
of plates on a remunerative scale is only to be
secured by those who embark their capital and en-
terprise in it as a business of its own, and put up
the extensive and very costly plant which is re-
quired to bring the manufacture of these gigantic
slabs of armour to perfection: It was exactly these
conditions which large manufacturers, as a body,
did not care to fulfil, fearing that by the time their
capital was sank a gun might be invented which
could sink armour-ships too, and so render the pro-
duction of plates a worthless and no longer needed
process. Fortunately, all manufacturers were not
to be deterred by these remote evils or the near ap-
proach of Mr. Bright's millennium from throwing
themselves heart and soul into the new business, and
especially have the chief firms of Sheffield come for-
ward with a zeal in the cause which is likely to
secure for their town a long monopoly in the lucra-
tive manufacture of ship's armour. Assuredly it
has not been before it was sorely needed that the
trade of the town has received their additional
stimulus. The 150 tons of crinoline steel made
almost weekly at Sheffield, and the quantities of
"hardware" ordered by the Federal Government,
have poorly compensated for the general stagnation
of trade, and, above all, for the steady decline and
departure from Sheffield of the trade in very cheap
cutlery, which seems to be fast leaving the country.
Accordingly, the winter, in spite of its mildness, has
been one of unusual distress around Sheffield, and
it will prove a perfect godsend to the town if more
mills for making armour-plates are opened in Shef-
field on the same extensive scale as that opened at
the Atlas Works by the visit of the Lords of the
Admiralty on Thursday. Making crinolines for
frigates will be found a much more lucrative em-
ployment than making it for ladies, and the
fashion is now more likely to be permanent at
sea than on land. Most of our readers will recol-
lect an armour-plate from the Atlas Works shown
in the eastern annexe of the Exhibition last year,
which was 22ft. long and 4ft. wide, and the pro-
duction of which was regarded as a perfect marvel,
even by our own manufacturers. It serves well to illus-
trate the giant strides with which the new manu-
facture has advanced since then, when we state that
on Thursday last a plate of upwards of 40ft. long,
4ft. wide, and 41in. thick, was rolled with the most
perfect ease and success in the presence of the visi-
tors. It is only a few months since some Thin, plates
from the Atlas Works were tried at Shoeburyness,
and proved that plates even of this great thickness
could be made with the most perfect certainty. Yet
on Thursday a glowing mass of almost molten iron,
weighing more than 20 tons, was rolled into an
armour-plate 19ft. long, 3ft. 9in. broad, and 12in.
in thickness.

From what his Majesty said about his literary studies, it
is clear that he seriously entertains the idea of offering him-
self, either beford or after the completion of his work on
Ca3sar, as candidate to the Academy. In this, as in so
many other things, he takes the first Napoleon as his model.
During the period that elapsed after his return from Italy
and the expedition to Egypt, Gen. Bonaparte lived in Paris
in the most retired manner; seldom appeared in public ; re-
ceived only a few persons, mostly sevens, in his modest
mansion in the Rue Chantereine (now Rue de la Victoire) ;
avoided military society ; claimed and obtained, on the
ground of his scientific acquirements, a seat in the Institute
(of which the Academie Francaise is now one of the five
branches), won the esteem of that body, associated con-
stantly with its leading members, such as Lagrange, La-
place, 'gouge, &c., and relieved the severity of his studies
with his favourite, Ossian.

STANFORD S. SMITH, Secretary.

The following appointments and promotions have
been made at the Admiralty :—Commander Henry
Phelps to the Victory ; Commander W. H. Anderson
to the Foxhound, vice Commander the Hon. A. C.
Hobart, promoted; Commander Charles T. Curme
to the Hannibal; Lieut. Albert L. Nugent, flag lieut.
to Rear-Admiral Austin, Admiral Superintendent of
Malta Dockyard ; Sub-Lieut. C. W. Beaumont to the
Magicienne ; Wm. C. P. Grant, Paymaster, to be
secretary to Rear-Admiral Austin ; James J. Rutter,
paymaster, to the Ajax; John G. Clarke, acting
assist.- surg., to the Valorous; John Robarts (a),
acting chief engineer, to the Indus, for the Orontes;
Thomas Parker, engineer, J. D. Lamont and F. E.
Shean, assist.-engineers, to the Jaseur ; Andrew
Watt, of the Hastings, for the Griper; John C.
Williams, of the Black Prince, Robert W. Jones
of the Asia, lent to the Warrior ; George L.
Thomson, of the Spider, George Thompson, of the
Fisgard, Thomas Hall, of the Leven, and Frederick
Wheeler, of the Rattlesnake, promoted to engineer;
Simeon Lawton, of the Sparrow, John Pearce, of the
Malacca, David P. Steddy, of the Immortalite, Na-
thaniel Farrant, of the Wranglers and G. H. Lox-
dale, of the Topaze, promoted to be acting engineers.

BERWICKSHIRE STEEPLE CHASES, at
Kimmerghame-Mains, within three miles of Dunse and
twelve of Berwick, on Wednesday, April 29th, 1863.
I. THE SCOTTISH GRAND NATIONAL STEEPLE CHASE
o! 100 sovs, added to a Free Handicap of 5 sovs each (in case
0? accentance) • the winner of any handicap steeple chase of
the value of 50 sovs after the weights are published to carry
tnobtoht
ebr
larke g: e nt
anmnb oafetenwt l!ehe.e,
it) extra; the winner to pay 20 sovs towards expense, and
-I,lo:nstroy
winduto save his stake ; five horses to start, or the added
InllB and a half over a good hunting country; 2
twhiout, the consent of the Stewards ;
the ntrian°e't° to beyd which must be remitted with
rielzlziarly
0 f 1 1 a r
0,, ,
eyi 8 gi.Ne
sTT:oii
::ot riciptithhext
Course,lll 121 rso r f
et
7tni,bbDeo. ruf e citHsseoli
,vnsoedod .ni
ve
sao.
p, Tr
poae
reex
beforeisder.
t 3. a nol 1
ts dat
.
Jolhin.loTnh,
unbthextrall 71
horsesSweepstakeshave o f
hunttto the fund, open to all
in
istend,in Scotland, and with
4,
iri
sinrberland econd
the Earl of Wemyss's
witnne_b,.fi. vesleeywir onldnserl2tsot
hor•e to save his stakes ,
steeple
21b, six and ;wed I.2st 71b nrre:r.oo,ll.
expenses alli!:
chase or hurdle race value 50
pay 3 sovs towards ex
gentlemen riders : professionals, tratin—ree
e r s ,
~ at
andoytti ae
iouhalfvii ;d ,
who has ridden for pay 71b extra.grooms, or any one
lll.—The TALLYHO HUNT STEEPLE c
1 wided to a Sweepstakes of 2 soya each, i CHASE 01 25 s ,
for horses that have never won any steeple
race, nor paid race horse duty previous to IFIZe or handle
horses that have been regularly hunted in Scotlaaen to aii
the Earl of Wemyss's Hounds in Northumberland'; °: with
horse to save his stake; about three miles arid ~,-Tond
- halt;
weights and riders same No. 2.
IV.—The HUNTERS' SELLING STEEPLE CHASE Of 2 go."
each, 1 forfeit to the fund, with 20 sovs added ; the second to
save his stake ; four year olds, list lib ; five year olds, 12st
21b ; six and aged, 12st 71b ; the winner to be sold for 60 sovs:
it entered t ) be sold for 50 soya allowed 71b, if for 40 sovsl4lb,
if for 30 sovs 211 b, and if for 20 sovs 281 b ; the winner to be
sold immediately after the race, and the surplus to go to the
race fund ; three horses to start, or the added money will not
be given : about three miles and a half.
Nos. 2 and 3 being intended for bona fide hunters only, cer-
tificates from the respective masters of hounds must be pro-
duced before starting, if required, that tney have not only
been regularly hunted, but ridden to hounds, and must not
have been in a public training stable in 163.
Entries for Nos. 2 and 3 to be made to the Clerk of the
Course, Dunse, on or before the 21st April, and objections to
qualifi'ation o , f hor es to be made to him in writing not later
than Monday 27th April. Colours to be declared at time of
entry for each race.
Sir G. 11. BOSWALL, Bart,
Sir DAVID BAIRD, Bart, Stewards,
Major INNES,
Major L'AMY,
J. B. KE,LLIE, Clerk of the Course.

It will certainly be a curious sight that of the Emperor's
reception, but the most curious of all will be the manner of
his getting over the preliminary steps. It is a settled rule
that the aspirant for academical honours shall pay a vist in
person to all and each of the members of the Academy at
their own residences, state in precise terms the nature of his
claim to be admitted as their colleague, give all the expla-
nations demanded of him, answer all the queries put to him,
and when all are satisfied, solicit respectfully the honour of
their support. This custom is never departed from, no
matter how high the literary standing of the applicant, and
it cannot, if the Academy is to be considered worthy of
having an Emperor for one of its members, be dispensed
with in his case. But fancy for a moment Napoleon 111.
waiting on M. Montalembert, or on the Duke de Broglie,
or on M. Thiers, or on M. Guizot, or on M. Villemain, at
the Institute, and, hat in hand, deferentially praying for
their vote ; or, still stranger, applying by letter to Victor
Hugo for permission to call him "confrere." Then the
Imperial Academician must pronounce a panegyric on his
predecessor, whoever he may be; he must go through the
reception scene, when his literary and political merits are
described by the Director of the day. But the most diffi-
cult is to ascertain to whom he shall be presented after his
reception. It must be to himself as Head of the State;
and he must make a speech to himself, and answer himself.
This part of the ceremonial may, however, take place in the
Salle des Marechaux, where there is, or was, a marble bust
of himself, to which he may be presented. It is a difficult
question, and I cannot suggest any satisfactory answer.
It will, no doubt, occupy the serious attention of the Aca-
demy between this and the period fixed upon for receiving
so formidable an honour. In the meantime it may be well
to offer a prize for the best essay on the solution of the
problem.

Extensive Banking Embezzlements at Hull.

The Atlas Works are situated on the outskirts of
the town, where a good deal of interest was evinced
in the visit of their lordships ; most of the people
appeared to keep high holiday on the occasion, and
all the streets had more or less of flags, which, when
they could be seen, contrasted favourably with the
thick atmosphere of murky smoke in which they
floated. At 10 o'clock Mr. Brown was at the old
mills to receive his visitors. Among them were
the Duke of Newcastle, the Duke of Somerset, the
Duke of Devonshire, the Marquis of Hartington,
Viscount Galway, Earl Fitz william, Earl de Grey,
Lord Wharncliffe, Lord Clarence Paget, Lord Alfred
Paget, Mr. Roebuck, M.P., Mr. Grenfell, M.P.,
Mr. Robertson, M.P., Hon. J. Stuart Wortley,
Hon. Col. Monckton, Capt. the Hon. J. Drummond,
R.N., Sir J. D. Hay, M.P., Admiral Robinson,
Admiral Spencer, Col. Boxer, R.A., Capt. Blake-
ley, Capt. Harrison, Mr. Pole, C.E,, Mr. W. Fair-
bairn, Mr. Whitworth, Mr. Bessemer, Mr. W.
Fowler, Capt. Maury, Mr. Clay, Mr. James Luke,
Inspector for the Admiralty, &e.
Before proceeding over the works the members of
the corporation of Sheffield were introduced to
their lordships, and presented them with an ad-
dress, to which the Duke of Somerset briefly re-
plied, pointing out how at the present time the
navy of England was in a transition state, and
that it was the intention of the Government to
persevere, not impatiently, but steadily, in ex-
perimenting and improving the naval arma-
ments of the country, ready for the occasion, if ever
the unfortunate occasion should arise, to be used
efficiently in its defence. The visitors were then
conducted through the extensive new and old mills
and workshops, where some 3,000 hands were busily
engaged in melting, bending, hammering, and
twisting great masses of seething iron into every
conceivable form its stubborn nature could be made
to take. It was really a wonderful sight. On
every side, amid thick smoke and deafening cla-
mour, the blazing rites of Moloch—the furnace God
of old—were being celebrated. Great furnaces blar-
ing in the fierce white glare which shone from their
crevices were stuffed to the mouth with monstrous
cranks and shafts, and uncouth bosses of red-hot
metal. Every now and then some one of th
eamtm os-
opened, with a flash that filled the aid °a k Haase of
phere with a glare as from sir wa
,
blaze
'aof s arks
metal, seething and sputtering in
was dragged off and moulded, like so much wax,
under the blows of steam hammers that made the
earth tremble and the whole building to jump and
chatter under the stroke as if from the shock of a little
earthquake. It was wonderful to see the skill with
which the groups of workmen,uniting all t heir indivi-
dual exertions in a series of violent efforts like a weird
species of dance, contrived to hedge and move about
the great masses on the anvils, so that the hammer
struck only where and how they chose. While the
heat lasted in the mass, and that was for a long
time, they never paused or slackened in their work,
and though literally almost scorched by their proxi-
mity to red heaps they kept on toiling till the work
was done, and the lump that a quarter of an hour

On Thursday the Hull Borough Sessions were opened
before Mr. Recorder Warren. The calendar contained 36
cases, being a large increase over that of several years past.
Amongst the earliest cases disposed of was that of John
Henry North, 42 years of age, late assistant cashier at the
offices of the Hull Banking Company, who was charged
with stealing £3,163 15s. 3d., the property of his employers.
Mr. Gresham appeared for the prosecution, and Mr. Thomp-
son for the prisoner. It appeared that the prisoner had been
in the employ of the Hull Banking Company for a period
of 20 years, first as a ledger clerk, and for the last 14 years
as assistant cashier. Prior to that time he had been em-
ployed in the banking .house of Messrs, Smith Brothers and
Co. The treasurer had an excellent character, and was
trusted by his employers without the slightest suspicion,
but it appears that during a series of years he has been in
the habit of abstracting sums of from £2O to £5O at diffe-
rent times, unil a discovery took place, when he acknow-
ledged that he had abstracted altogether the sum of £3,163
15s. 3d. The mode by which this series of embezzlements
was effected was as follows :—The bank being one of
issue its notes were liable to be cut and damaged in the
course of business. As these cut and damaged notes
came into the bank it was necessary that they should
be repaired before they were re-issued. The notes re-
mained in the cashier's hands until they underwent the
necessary repairs, so that each cashier had often in his pos-
session a number of notes, amounting to several hundred
t
pounds. The notes were put into a parcel and taken into the
cashier's account when his cash was balanced, as damaged
eneonteesr
freamounting to such a sum. When, therefore, the pH-
themoneby; theh cparcel
added the o
amount m
abstractedtime
e to time
the abstracted
eum represented
f
damaged notes. With the exception of this parcel of damaged
notes the cash. of
day, ja,. 37
last the prisoner would be correct. On Satur-
Lambert, had
occasion
e chief cashier at the bank, Mr. W. A.
otntto check the cash in the hands of the
prisoner, and found
that
prisoner, who had been itwas not correct. He sent for the
Bess, and after raakiug absentsome from the bank through
ill-
teheexadmination the prisoner con-
fessed that he had taken
from £3O to £5O, and that he hadefieianay, in
sums
varying
applied
it to the education
of his children, and to cover losses
in
culations. He also wrote a letter inwchui
incurred by railway spe-
ched
he acknowledged
having taken the money, and com letely P exonerated eve
other person in the establishment from blame 17
p-
er's salary was £220 a year. The Re • The ri
son
corder sentenced
1 d
him to five years' pena Beryl u o,—Leeds Mercury.

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before was almost melted iron was picked up by
some huge crane that came travelling along the
smoky walls, and carried off, glowing through the 1
gloom, a finished piece of work. At other places
there were tilt and lever hammers, wearying the
very air with the clattering din of their tremen-
dous strokes. At others great ingots of steel were
cast by the Bessemer process, small plates were
rolled and roughly cast aside in great red slabs to
cool, or hurried backwards and forwards in iron
Tracks, scorching even the hardened workmen out
of their tracks as they came burning 'past. On
every side there were furnaces and smoke and ed-
hot metals, while in out-of-the-way nooks men in
steel caps and wire vizors, and cased below in rough
steel leggings, like jack-boots of iron, fought in
a crowd like so many salamanders round some
rough mass that was dangerous in its fierce heat,
and which sent back aggressive spurts of red-
hot metal in return for every blow- Such fiery
combats as these were going on in all directions;
the "Sheffield carpet" of the factory—iron plates—
was hot and painful to the feet ; the air was arid
with a sulphury warmth that was like the glow of an
overheated stove. When we have said thus much,
and added that there were roaring pipes of steam
mounting into the air side by side with great iron
trumpet-shaped piles of chimneys, out of which jets
of red flame roared and flapped into the smoke
above like gigantic flambeaux ; that lower down
long lines of lathe bands flew noiselessly in all direc-
tions, and that the background was filled in with
glimpses of ponderous fly-wheels whirling their
arms through the smoke and turning rolling mills
or lapping hammers, or shearing down with noise-
less might the great lumps of iron that were brought
in to be cut up—we have said enough to indicate the
view which met visitors on their first introduc-
tion to this glowing scene of industry, Though
not the first, yet by far the most important process
which their lordships were shown was the opera-
tion of rolling the great plate—by far the largest
single plate that has ever yet been rolled in the
world. This took place in what are called the New
Mills of the Atlas Works, which were used on
Thursday for the first time, and where great ranges
of furnaces have been erected, with their mouths
opening on the iron tramway which leads direct to
the &able rollers through which the plate passes.
One may guess at the solidity required for mills of
this kind when it is stated that some of the rolls
used at this mill on Thursday have a first founda-
tion of no less than 60 tons of solid iron, resting on
masonry carried far below the earth. The rolls
themselves are 32in. in diameter and Bft. wide, and
are turned by an engine of 400 horse power, putting
in motion a fly wheel large enough apparently to
make a world rotate, if only well balanced on its
axis. A powerful screw, applying its force through
compound levers, allows the distance between the
rollers to be adjusted to the fraction of an inch, so
that the plate which on its first rolling is forced
through an interval of, for instance, 12in. apart, is
on its next wound through one of 10, next through
one of 8, and so on till the required thickness has
been carefully and equally attained by tremendous
compression through every part of the metal. There
were a great many visitors to see the rolling of this
formidable mass, which was fortunate, as one would
certainly be frightened to witness the terrible pro-
cess alone. After some delay and quick glimpses
made by the most hardened workmen, who,
rushing up to the door of the' furnace, got a
half-blinded glance into its white interior, it was
decided that the mass was ready, for, strange as it
may seem, an armour-plate requires more than mere
heating, and has to be cooked and watched in its
cooking with as much care as if it was an omelette,
and the plate that is drawn before it is " done to a
turn," generally remains a permanent ornament of
the unlucky manufacturer's workshop, which no
one will have at any price. When at last this
eventful moment had arrived on Thursday the door
of the furnace was slowly raised and a colossal
pair of pincers, with very long handles fastened to
a chain drawn by machinery, was swung in. For
an instant some men rushed forward, and, shield-
ing their faces from the deadly heat that shot from
the furnace, adjusted the bite of these forceps on
the plate, and then ran back as the chain began to
tauten, and the great inmate of the blazing den
was slowly dragged forth on to the long iron trucks
in front of the door, and there lay in its huge
length and thickness a mass of living fire, which
none could approach, or scarcely even look at, so
fierce was its glow and terrific heat. The chains
that should have pulled it forthwith to the rollers
were too slack, and then arose shouts, and cries,
and commands, as the men did battle with this
mass of fire, coming so near it in their attempts
to gather up the slackened chains that one
literally almost expected to see them fall scorched
and shrivelled on the ground. In its great glare
they fought and struggled with the chains till at
last all was adjusted, and the great pile of angry
fire began to move slowly downwards towards the
mills, the men following it with hoarse shouts and
directions, now hid in steam, as buckets of water
were dashed over the mass, and the next moment
standing in an atmosphere of white light, to which
the light of the day around was mere dusk. The
rollers did not bite directly the mass came to them,
and when they did the engine was almost brought
to a standstill by the tremendous strain upon it ; but
at last the soft plate yielded and the rollers seemed
to swallow it as they wound it slowly in, squeezing
out jets of melted iron like squirts of fire that shot
about dangerously as the pile was compressed from
19 inches to 17 inches thick by the irresistible force
of the rollers. Ce n'est quo le premier pas qui eoute ,
and the victory was certain when the mass had
once passed through the mill, and both visitors and
workmen gave a tremendous cheer at the success.
From this time it was kept rolling backwards and
forwards, the workmen sweeping from its face the
scales of oxide that gathered fast upon it with long-
handled besoms that, though soaked in water,
caught fire and blazed up as fast as they were
used. With every time it was passed
through the rollers were screwed closer
and closer together as we have already mentioned,
till at the end of about a quarter of an hour after
leaving the furnace an almost melted mass it was
passed through for the last time and came out oppo-
site the furnace door it had so lately left,
no longer
shooting forth spiteful sparks, but shorn of half its
heat, subdued. and moulded to its
properreft. form
long,
finished armour-plate, weighing 20 tons,
h
ick through-
nearly 4ft. wide, and exactly 1022ionst signal triumph
out from end to end. This is the.
_shieved.
that any rolling mills have yr
ee 5
then rolled with a
Other smaller plates we
nty that proved the skill already
important
Oneandmost
plate was 17ft. long by 4ft. broad
branch of
gquaiinckedneisas andth is
4:
)c
ner
manufacture.
•ck • one 19ft. long by 41ft •
. wide and
. thick; one we have already alluded to, 41ft.
4pn.
by 3ft. 10in. broad and 41in, tas ais o 181 t. long, wlietshs ear
long
otfht.icwilleA,
thickness of Gin. on one edge and 3. in. on the other.
The method of converting t
palnadteslv
cast iron by the Bessemer
process into the tough soft Bessemer metal, a combi-
nation of the qualities between soft steel and tough
wrought iron, was next shown. It is needless now
to enter on a description of the very beautiful and
very terrible process, to witness which the metal goes
through in the converter as it is stimulated to
a white heat by the passage of the air blown
by force-pumps upwards through the mass. No
fireworks can surpass the brilliancy of the display
this process affords as it approaches its completion,
and the stream of violet flame and clouds of burn-
ing sparks pour from the mouth of the converter as
from a gigantic squib. Nor is it necessary here
to enter into a detail of the now well-known pro-
cess, which was a subject of such controversy a few
years since, but which is now being so generally and
advantageously adopted throughout England and
the continent. Suffice it to say that in 20 minutes
from the time of putting in the charge of cast
iron,

J