The Sun.
London, England, 1837-05-09 00:00:00

SPA IN.

SAN SEBASTIAN, APral. 27.—This harbour and town have
been in a constant state of bustle and activity since my last.
The British man-of,Aar steamers have been aniviug full of
troop from Portugalete, anti departing for the same place iii
odor to bring more ; and even the F.-ouch armed steam-ve.ssel
the• 111e/core assiste..! in these op rations: ehc has b'scugLt
round a batt.alion.

The whole of the steamers, inclu iing his lijesty's ship
Seticutaiider, s‘hicharrived )estcrday from England, are gone
again to Purtagalete, and be here to-morrow:—weather
permitti a fe,v d it s there will Le as-ambled at San
Selpistian and its vicinity between 93,030 :mil 24 000 men, in-
eludiog the British Auxiliary Legion ; and there is every
reason to be sanguine as to the result of the military operations
they are destined to be employed A battalion or tao of
the Royal Guard are expected, and stabling is prepared for
40C1 cavalry.
Dispatcl:es have been received by special courier fiorn Ma-
cl-4 co,taining, it is sahi, a,sur •neca from Government that
eight millions of reals (80,0Otd.) are en their way in cash and
good comml-,!ial negotiable bills, to be applied to the liquidation
of the claims of the officers and men of tine British Legion.
This great effort on the part of the Spanish Government proves
both its good faith and good judgment ; and should these pro-
mised supplies shortly arrive, and be promptly and equitably
divided among the respective claimants, there is but little
doubt of the re-engagement of most of those officers and men
whom it may be desii able to retoin in the Qaeen of Spain's
service. 11 rdie d Boards have continued sitting for some days
pas!. ordci to decide on the cases of inefficient men. One
hundred and fifty have already been sent to Erigiand invalided,
and about three liaanlred more will follow. All the worthless
characters, too, will be discharged and sent away. A corns of
from tao thousand to two thousai,(l five hundred good soldiers
mat be farmed out of the reduced Legion.
General Sooane went to Socoa yesterday, accompanied by
Colonel Senhilles, the Commissioner of the French Govern-
ment. It is reported that the object of their visit to France
is to endeavour to arrange with General liarisne for the pas-
sage of a body of Spanish troops across the French territory.
This may prove a difficult matter to accomplish.
There is a report that the Condo de Luchana is coining
here, and that San Sebastian is to be the Lase where the
operations of the main army will be established. The re-
searches I have made on this subject do not enable me to
speak positively on this score. The rumour is merely stated
to you as one of the many, with or without foundation, which
are afloat.

The weather still continues rainy, with only a few gleams of
sunshine; the ground is in a very bad state; and even after
the cessation of the rain, it will take several days before the
roads will be practicable for troops or artillery.
In consequence of the arrival of the ex-Infante Don Se-
bastian at Estella from Tolosa with some battalions (it is said
eight) and the tnaterials for a floating bridge, with which
thirty-four bullock-carts wtre. laden, it appears that the Queen's
General, Buren;, has been detached with nine battalions and
700 or 800 cavalry to the Rioja, in order to watch for the Car-
list expedition. These troops occupied, on the night of the
20th, Lodosa, Mendavia, and Sesma, on the left bank of the
Ebro, and were to join the division of the Ribera, where there
are 500 or 600 cavalry. Thus this attempt to enter Castile is
foiled. Besides the forces above mentioned, the Portuguese
Auxiliary Corps, under the command of the Baron de las
Antas, is at Villtrcao ; and there are seven battalions of the
Queen's troops on the Pamplona line.
From all that precedes we are justified in concluding that a
decisive blow is on the eve of being struck at the faction.
Provisions, especially wheat, are said to be extremely scarce
in the insurgent provinces : at the last market at Tolosa wheat
rose 100 per cent.: thus, if the French frontier could be
closed, the Carlists would not have wherewithal to feed their
troops. There is every appearance that this desirable object
will speedily be accomplished by force of arms.
The troops of the Legion continue to conduct themselves
well, and to keep up their soldier-like appearance.
SAN SEBASTIAN, MA II 1.—Yesterday evening the British
man-of-war steamers Rhadamanthus and Salamander, and the
French Government steam-vessel the .Afeleore, arrived from
Portugalete with three more Spanish battalions. They will
proceed immediately to the above port for more troops. The
.Phcenis, James IVatt, and Isabel 11. went yesterday from
Portugalete to Santander with three additional Spanish bat-
talions, destined, together with some cavalry, to augment the
force acting in the Ribera and on the banks of the Ebro.
Deserters continue to come over daily. Two who arrived
Yesterday state that the Infante Don Sebastian, Villareal,
yesterday state that the Infarte Don Sebastian, Villareal,
Eguia, Moreno, and other Carlist chiefs are at Tolosa, where
a grand council was holden to fix upon the line of conduct to be
'adopted in consequence of the movements of the Queen's troops.
If those dose: ters are to be believed, the faction are really dis-
couraged, and very badly off for supplies, so much so that the
men have been for some time living on a fourth part of the usual
rations. One of the deserters yesterday is a Naverrese, and he
describes the anxiety of the soldiers belonging to .:is province
to quit the Pretender's service as being very great. The Navar-
rese and Aragonese (most of whom have been forced into the
Carlist ranks) are narrowly watched by the Chapelehouris,
who are all Guipuzcoans : as soon as the men go off guard
their arms are taken from them.

The weather has again become fine; the troops arc in ex-
cellent spirits, and we are looking forward to a speedy com-
mencement of successful operations. The enemy are said
to still have 2•t battalions between Tolosa and Irun ; and re-
port says that they are placing eighteen heavy pieces of artil
lery on the road to those places. This is doubtful ; however,
should it be the case, most likely they will be taken by the
Queen's forces.

The general report here is, that the Conde de Luchana will
come to San Sebastian previously to the approaching opei a-
dons ; so large a portion of the force under his commend
being destined to be assembled at this point—say 24, or 25,000
men. I believe there is some warrant for giving credence to
this rumour; and I have good grounds for assuring you again
that the very best and most cordial understanding exists, as
it over has done, between General Evans and the General-in-
Chief

From Bilboa there is nothing new : the works for the pro-
tection of that city are progressing rapidly: it is :aid thin
11,000 men will be left as a garrison, and in order to man
the different posts in the neighbourhood and on the banks c,f
the river.—Currespoirdent of a Morning Paper.

BRUSSELS, GERMAN, AND LISBON

PAPERS.

BfirSSELS, MAY G. ---,After about twelve sittings more the
Session will be closed, add the Deputies, fatigued by the long
and sterile discussion of the project of law on the Tariff of
Customs, will go to the country for recreation.
The sufferers by acts of pillage in vain present petitions b
the Municipality and to the Chambers to obtain at leas:
some advance of money to relieve their distress. No decision
has yet been made in their favour. The city of Brussels,
burdened with debt in consequence of a rather injudicious
management of its revenues and of certain expenses for object-,
rathor ostentatious than useful, has applied to the King, wh,
has made promises which only the Chambers can keep, it
the Ministers think fit to present a law to them ; but as we
are persuaded of the ill-will of tht. present Ministry, we fee'
obliged to advise the unhappy sufferers to have a little pa-
tience ; the next Session, and a new Ministry alone, can
assist them.

The seizure made by the Minister of Justice of the pro-
perty of two foreigners, who died lately in Belgium, has
alarmed several F-0141m, n, who have purchased landed pro-
perty in our neighbourhood. Min,t of them are preparing to
sell it. and to leave the country. It is time that M. d'ileiart
should give an explanation in the Moniteur respecting this im-
politic measere, which may do much injury to the city of
Brussels.—P. S. Just as we are going to press, we learn that
on the motion of the Minister of Justice, the Chamber has
resolved that a project of law on international reciprocity on
this subject, shall be dis.oissed on Monday or Tuesday.
ATHENS, APRIL 6.—The merchants and trades-peoplt. of
Ratras refused to pay the tax on licenses. The occasion was
F given by M ait iri, a wholesale dealer in that town, when the
Governor of Patras sent for on the 24th March, and required
him to pay 600 drachms, which Fakiri refused to do. The
Governor sent a detachment of Gendarmes, who forcibly en-
tered Fakiri's warehouse and seized goods to the amount of
2,000. In consequence of this all the trades-people shut air
their shops. The Governor, acting with energy, now sum-
moned the bakers to open the it shops, and on their refusal or-
dered them to be taken to prison, but the people rescued them
from the hands of the armed force. The Government has or-
dered troo,)s to be sent to P“tras. M. Valkius, Counsellor of
State, is gone thither as Royal Commissioner. According to
the latest accounts order was restored, and the shops again
opened.

VIENNA, APRIL 24. —Acc.)unts have just been received from
Hermanstadt, of the 18 is ins'., announcing the opening of the
Diet of Tramllvania, and the hi:rnage of the EstateE, with gin:
onp on the ith.

. .
LISBON, APRIL 2G. —The o:der of the Day in the National
Congress was the continuation of the general debate on the
proposed Constitution. In this debate, as in those which pre-
ceded, the greatest regularity. order, and dignity prevailed.
The debate on the Constitution still continues.
APRIL 30.—A desp•ttcli from the Commander of the Stl,
Militant Division, to the Alioi;ter of War, dated Tavera, the
24th inst., gives an account of the submission of several indi-
vidual: belonging to the Guerillas, Vt ho had accepted the par-
don offered, and of a curious occurrence ia pursuit of the
marauders, in which nothing of importance occurred.—Na-
cional,• May I.

Oa ThurAay a corn nission of lunacy was held at
the Horns, Kennington, to inquire into the state of mind of
Mrs. Elizabeth Cobh:•tr, a wi:low lady. an inmate of a private•
lunatic asylum at Peckham Rise. Mrs. Catherine Storer
stated that s!te had known Mrs. Cobhett for 30 years. and
within the last seven she had betrayed great weakness and im-
becility of mind. She laboured under the delusion that she
had never been married ; and although she, had several chil-
dren she denied ever having had any otTspring. She was very
partial to reading, but after poring over books for hours she
would not know anything of their contents. She would o❑
some occasions spend hours in reading Virgil, although she
knew nothing of the language in which it was written. It was
also stated that she attempted self-destruction. In 1816 she
manifested such a want of maternal feeling that her infant was
obliged to be taken away from her. Dr. Burnett was of opi-
nion that she had been of unsound mind since 1822. The
unfortunate lady was brought into the room, and questioned by
the Commissioner. Her answers but too plainly indicated her
insanity. The jury returned a verdict " That Mrs. Cobbctt
had been of unsound mind since October 22, 1822."
A person yesterday on his way from Bishop's Castle
to this town observed a cow milking herself. She was after.
wards observed sucking several other cows. —Shrewsbuu
Chronicle.

POOR LAWS.

RESOLUTIONS TO BE MOVED BY MR. WARD,
1:',; COM AITTEE ON THE IRISH POOR-LAW
BILL.

1. Thr.t, with a view to the beneficial operation of a Poor-
ia,,v for Ireland, and in pursuance of the recommendations of
the Commission for inquiring into the state of the poor in that
part of the Unitcd Kingdom, it is expedient to adopt the auxi-
liary measure of systematic emigration.
2. That, in order to provide funds without any addition to
:he taxation of the country, for defraying the cost of emigra-
tion from Ireland to the Colonies, it is expedient to give im-
mediate effect t ) the following Resolutions, which were re-
ported to the !Luise at the close of last Session, by the Select
Committee appointed to inquire into the disposal of Colonial
Waste Lands.
" 1. That it appears to this Committee that, since the year
1706, the sales of waste hind in the United States have produced
a sum of 39.707,439 or £l2 439,049 sterling, without
inc;uding the first quarter of the present year (1836), during
a hich the land sale!; amounted to 4,439,650 dollars ; and that
the revenue derived annually from this source, has advanced
progressively from 4,836 dollars (which was the amount re-
ceived in 1796) to 11.000,000 dollars (which was the amount
received in 1835), with every prospect of a further increase, the
estimate for the present year being 20,009,000 of dorari, and
the receipt for the quarter ending March 31, 4,439,650 dol-
lars 4.

" 2. That the land sales in the United States appear to be
conducted upon an uniform and well-organized system, which
is applied to the whole Federation ; there I.);..ing a general
land office established at Washington, under separate and re-
sponsible officers, who have no political dutiei whatsoever,
with 40 subordinate district land offices in other party of the
Un'on ; that these land offices are connected with a
surveying department, upon so extensive a scale, that
the land actually surveyed amounts to 110,000,000 of acres,
over and above the 40,000,000 of acres already disposed
of; that all land is offered fur sale by auction, at an upset
price, fixed by the Legislature ; and that purchasers have the
seen: ity of an Act of Congress bath for the performance of con-
ditions upon which they buy the land, and for the permanence
of the system under which they acquire it.
" 3. That it does not appear to the Committee, that, in the
British Colonies included within the reference to this Com-
mittee, any regular or uniform system of sale was adopted up
to the year 1831, although certain conditions were attached
to the occupation of land, under the name of quit rents, money
payments, or cultivation of the soil, which it was found impos-
sible to enforce effectually. These conditions, moreover,
were exceedingly various and fluctuating, productive of little
advantage to the State, and often injurious to the colo-
nists themselves, by allowing vast tracts of waste land, either
as grants to individuals, or as reserves for various public pur-
poses, to interpose between the settled districts, and thus to
interrupt the progress of cultivation and improvement.
" 4. That, in the year 1831, the principle of uniformly
affixing a price to land was introduced by Lord Ripon's Re.
gulations, which required that all land should be disposed of
by auction, at a minimum upset price, and for ready money
only, by the colonial authorities, the sale being declared
void, and the deposit of 10 per cent, forfeited, if the purchase
were not completed within a month. But it is the opinion of
the Committee, that the new system, although its effects are
shown to have been highly beneficial already, has not yet
been productive of all the good which may be expected to
flow from it, when brought into more extended operation,
under a system of superintendence similar to that of the
United States, and with the guarantee of an Act of Par-
liament. fi
"5. That the Committee, therefore, recommend that the
principle established by Lord Ripon's regulations should be
affirmed by an Act of the Legislature, in order to give this
principle a character of permanency and stability which it
does not possess at present.
" 6. With regard to the minimum price, which ought to be
affixed to land in the first instance, the Committee pronounces
no opinion, conceiving that the whole tenor of the evidence
goes to prove that it must vary according to the circumstances
of each colon), and can only be determined, in any one, by the
test of experience.
" But it appears to the Committee that the whole of the ar-
rangements connected with the sale of land, including both the
price and the precise mode of sale, should be placed under the
charge of a Central Land Board, resident in London, and
made responsible either to some existing department in the
Government, or to Parliament directly, as may be deemed ex-
pedient. That this Board, acting through Local Boards esta-
blished in the Colonies, should be charged as well with the
surveying department, as with the care of so directing the
stream of emigration, which may be expected to flow into the
Colonies from the mother country, as to proportion in each
the supply of labour to the demand.
" 7. That, with a view to this latter duty, in the opinion of
the Committee, it is most expedient that, with the exception
of the West Indies, to which it will appear by the evidence
that a different system of colonization might be more suitable,
but where the application of the same principle appears to be
equally desirable, the net proceeds of the land sales in those
Colonies, .the climate of which is not unfavourable to the
European frame, should be employed as an Emigration
Fund ; each Colony being furnished with emigrant labour in
exact proportion to the amount of its own land sales.
" 8. That the Committee sees reason to believe that, by a
judicious selection of the emigrants, and by airing a preference
to young couples recently married, a great effect' might be pro-
duced, in opposite senses, upon the state of the population
here and in the Colonies, by the removal of a much smaller
number of persons than might at first be thought necessary.
The Committee la:•g- to refer to certain Tables prepared under
their direction by Mr. Lewis, and annexed to the Report, to
exemplify their meaning.
" 9. The Committee conceive that it would be perfectly
practicable to raise, upon the security of the future land sales,
the funds necessary to set on foot a plan of systema! ic emigra-
tion, upon a scale sufficiently large to meet the exigencies of
the Colonies, and of the Mother Country.
" 10. That in this, as in all in their other recommendations, the
Committee have looked with quite as lively an anxiety to the
welfare of the Colonies as to that of the Mother Country ; that,
in all matters connected with emigration, they conceive
the interest of the two to be inseparable ; the one thing
wanting in the Colonies being precisely that free or
hired labour, a superabundant supply of which is
occasioning great local suffering in other parts of the Empire ;
while the transfer of this labour to the Colonies, by enabling
them to turn to the best account the advantages of soil, cli-

mate, and great natural fertility, which they possess already,
cannot fail to open new channels of industry and commerce.
both to them and to the Mother Country, and thus to enhance
incalculably the prosperity of the United Kingdom."
* The fund arising from the sale of waste land in the United
States, for the year 1836, considerably exceeded the oflie:al
estimate, having been rather more than 2.4,000,000 dollars.
This plan of selling, although not guaranteed by any Act
of the Legislature, and although it not been in operation
for more than six yea .s, yet alrealy proluces about 200,000/.
per annum in the settlum:!nts of 1\1,:,v S ,uth Wiles and Van
Diemea's Lind, of which the population is not more than
abut 100,000 souls.