The Sun.
London, England, 1863-06-17 00:00:00

FOWKE.

Mr. B. COCHRANE asked whether any arrangement
had been entered into by the Government with Captain
Fowke whereby he was to be paid for the designs exhibited
by him of the suggested improvements in the Exhibition
building.

Mr. COWPER said that, as far as his department was
concerned, he certainly was not aware of any such arrange-
ment. He had been all through under the impression that,
in respect of the designs referred to by the hon. member,
Captain Fowke had acted as a volunteer.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES STANDARDS.

Mr. DOULTON asked the Secretary to the Treasury
whether any steps had been taken to test the accuracy of
the standard weights and measures deposited in the Exche-
quer in the year 1825.

Mr. F. PEEL said the existing standards had been in
use, the one since 1834, the other since 1835 ; but there
was no reason to suppose they were not perfectly accurate.
At the same time, there was no means of re-verifying
them, and no doubt their occasional re-verification was ne-
cessary. The matter was under consideration.
OBSTRUCTIONS IN IRISH RIVERS.'

Mr. BLAKE called attention to the reports of the
officers of the Admiralty and Board of Public Works in
Ireland regarding the serious obstruction caused to navi-
gation in the rivers Bride and Blackwater, in the county
of Waterford, by stake and head weirs; and moved that,
_ .

in the opinion of the house, it was the duty of the Govern-
caent to carry the law into effect by immediately removing
the same.
Mr. M'MAHON moved to add—" And all other en-
croachments on the property of the Crown and the rights
of the public in the tidal waters and shores of Ireland."
However, after a short discussion, in which Mr. F. Peel,
the Attorney-General for Ireland, Col. French, and Mr.
Longfield took part, the motion and amendment were both
withdrawn.

THE BALLOT.

sir, have got a- nose like a reaping-hoek. (Renewed
laughter.) In future I intend to ho;ve nothing but snub.
nose tenants; go batk to those who sent you, and tell
them what I told yoti." (Laughter.):The man went back to
his lawyer and told him what had been said, upon which
the lawyer observed, "No redress; you must consider you
have been turned out on account of your nose." , (Laughter.)
Since he has had the honour of addressing them on this
subject, the ballot had been bearing excellent fruit in every
part of the world—even in America—(hear, hear)—it was
looked upon as the support of respectability against an over-
weening democracy. What did the correspondent of the
limes say of the ballot ? He always found that the faithful
correspondents and reporters of that paper were constantly
in opposition to the gentlemen who wrote the leading articles.
The leading article came out one day ferocious against the
ballot, but the next day the correspondent wrote, "that the
ballot was the only hope of upsetting Abraham Lincoln and
his crew." The correspondent did not say the ballot was
perfect in America, but it was the best institution they had
got in America. (Laughter.) The hon. member then referred
to the recent French elections in proof of the good working
of the ballot in that country, and quoted some remarks
which were made by one of the Opposition candidates in
answer to a series of questions which had been addressed to
him by the Ballot Society. The remarks were to the effect
that the present system of voting in France was the shield of
public liberty in that country, and that the Opposition can-
didates would not have been returned by open voting. The
hon. member next referred to the working of the ballot in
Australia, and said it was not owing to the existence of the
ballot that the electoral system had broken down in the
colony, but because a residence of three months was made
necessary for the possession of a vote, and also the qualifi-
cation of reading and writing (which last he thought very
proper) ; but when the electoral constitution came to be re-
vised, not a man appeared who said the ballot was at fault.
He begged to place the motion in the hands of the Speaker,
and though he had no hope it would be agreed to, yet he
sat down convinced that the foundation of the ballot was
laid in that house. (Cheers.)
Mr. AYRTON seconded the motion, observing that it
was only the noble lord at the head of the Government who
answered the arguments of his hon. friend ; that he did so
with great spirit, and to the satisfaction of hon. members
opposite; but for his own part he believed the arguments of
his hon. friend were unanswerable.

The LORD MAYOR (who rose amid loud cries of

" Divide") said he rose with reluctance, but he felt that
the arguments brought forward by the hon. member for
Bristol were of that nature that it was well they should be
protested against. The hon. member's arguments in sup-
port of this measure were mere fallacies. Amongst other
things he alluded to the United States, France, and Aus-
tralia; but if the house wanted the strangest arguments
against the unconstitutional and un-English form of secret
voting they could not have three more convincing illus-
trations against the system. What was the secret of the
United States difficulties ? It was that there were no lead•
ing public men in the country to lead the public mind and
keep them out of their difficulties. (Laughter.) They had
got the ballot, but they had no public-spirited men. (In-
creased laughter.) The United States was a standing
warning to this country. He believed what was going on
in the United States had created a reaction in the public
mind which saved this country from the downward tendency
towards this motion. (Much laughter.) The existence of the
French Government in its present form was due to the ballot
box. And as to Australia, it was a warning to the world to
avoid and eschew the ballot-box. (Laughter.) He thought
the house and the country would say that the ballot-box
was a thing not to be tolerated in this country. They had
publicity. Thank God they had that array of reporters—.
(laughter)—and so long as they had publicity they would re-
tain their position ; but when they lost that publicity they
would sink to the dead level of the "United States, The hon.
member for Bristol had referred to Southampton. That
was one of the greatest election struggles that had occurred
for a long time. They did not want the ballot-box there,
nor did they care for it. More than that, they did not care
for their masters, but were prepared to vote against their
masters. (Great laughter.)
Viscount PALMERSTON said he would not detain
them more than a few minutes, but he was unwilling that
his hon. friend should go to a division under the impression
that he had convinced him by the mere assertions, which
were frequently made, that all the arguments used in favour
of the motion had been unanswered. His hon. friend had
given his explanation, and, like other great performers, had
had his annual benefit, but he did not think it would draw
much to his side. (A laugh.) But his• hon. friend, with
great simplicity and frankness, said that he Lad tried all
over the house to find somebody who would undertake to
moot this question, and he could find nobody. So much
for his conviction as to the value of the question in the esti-
mation of members in general. Well, then, his hon. friend
said that; although he had a great number of amateur sup-
porters, still every Government responsible for the admini-
stration of affairs was opposed to his motion. That showed,
prima facie, that there must be some value in the objections
that were urged against the motion. (Hear.) But his
hon. friend seemed to him to place the whole thing upon a
wrong foundation ; and in his arguments for the ballot he
seemed to forget that which was the vital principle, the
breath of life of the British constitution, namely, public
opinion and public responsibility. (Cheers.) His hon. friend
quoted the opinions of a number of private societies that sat
in buildings for the election of private members. Such
opinions had nothing to do with this matter, and were fo-
reign to the purpose of the argument. Those were private
societies, who had no public responsibility, and who were not
responsible for the election of members. They had merely
to consider who were likely to be pleasant or unpleasant to
have in the club-room. The argument was devoid of any
applicability whetever. If the hon. member had gone
further and said there were always reporters present to
detail what happened to the newspapers, he might have ad-
vanced something to hie purpose. But what was the effect
of the ballot-box upon public opinion ? What was public
opinion ? It was the avowed opinion of the aggregate
members of a community. Well, according to the ballot,
an elector was not to avow his opinion. His opinion was
to be kept secret, not only on the day of the election, but
all through his life, because, if a man expressed his opinion
to his friends and neighbours, everybody would know when
he went to the ballot-box for whom he voted. The voter
would be obliged to conceal his opinions from his wife ; and
that was a position to put an Englishman in ? (Laughter.)
It was clear that sneaking up to the pall with a bit of paper
and putting it into a hole was not secret voting, unless it
was accompanied all the time by an entire suppression of a
man's opinions. Well then, he said, if they were to divest
a man of the responsibility which belonged to him, and
which he owed to the rest of his countrymen, they would
extinguish the great principle of the British constitution,
and it was therefore unconstitutional and un-English to
vote for the motion of his hon. friend. The hon. member
had spoken of America, but everybody knew that what
was called the ballot in America was not secret voting. The
elector put the paper in his hat, and with the exception, he
believed, of one State, it was no more secret voting than in
this country. The hon. member had also spoken of making
converts ; but he could evidence conversions the other
way. There was a society in this town which adopted the
name of the Reform Club, the members of which were sup-
posed to hold advanced opinions. (A laugh.) It was reported
that this society had become a convert to the opinion of his
hon. friend; but, from information he had received, while
up to a recent time:the election of members was upon the
mode similar in other clubs, they had lately, after dis-
cussion, and upon the advice of the hon. member for
Birmingham—(a laugh)—decided that election by ballot
was not a proper mode of election, and they went further
and invested a select committee with the choice of the
members. (Laughter and cheers.) What were called the
" unanswerable arguments" of his hon. friend had had no
effect upon him, and he trusted the decision of the house
would be what it had been on former occasions. (Cheers.)
Mr. COX (amidst loud cries of " Divide") said the Liberal
party looked upon this question as one of the cardinal points
of their creed, and he asked the house to consider the ques-
tion with that calmness and deliberation to which it was
entitled. (Hear, hear, and Divide, and other manifestations
of impatience.) The principle of voting by voting papers
had for many years been adopted satisfactorily. (Divide,
divide.) When an election took place by ballot the tempta-
tion to bribery was less than by- the open system, as the
progress of the election and the state of the poll was kept
longer a secret. (Divide, divide.) Believing that the
ballot was a cure for the evils that at present existed, he
should vote for the motion. (Divide, divide.)
Mr. H. BERKELEY, in reply, combated the opinions
expressed by the noble lord at the head of the Govern-
ment, urging that public opinion would be more influ-
enced by secret than by public voting. He defended the
wives of electors from the imputation that they would
disclose their husbands' secrets in election matters, and
thereby inflict great oppression on them and their fami-
lies. He had a higher opinion of them than some hon.
members appeared to possess. (Hear, hear, and Divide.)
The arguments used by the noble lord had failed to convince
him that the ballot was not wanted.
The house then divided. The numbers were—
For the motion
Against it
Majority —2o
(Cheers.) The motion was consequently lost

Mr. H. BERKELEY then rose to bring forward his
annual motion, to introduce a bill to cause votes at the
elections of members of Parliament to be taken by bal-
lot. The hon. gentleman said that, from the state of
the house just before, he had expected there would have
been no opposition to his motion, but he now saw that
the noble lord at the head of the Government and the
right hon. gentleman the Secretary of State for the Home
Department had arrived; nevertheless, he would venture
to lay the question once more before the house. It would
be remembered that after the Reform Bill passed there
were many eminent men who considered the bill defective.
Amongst others were Lord Macaulay, Mr. Brooke, Lord
Durham, Sir C. Burrell, and others, who complained, first,
that many of the English boroughs were left in a state which
was a positive disgrace to English institutions; and secondly,
that electors had not proper protection at the polling booth.
Mr. Brooke urged the latter view before Parliament for some
years in a series of moat logical and argumentative speeches,
that had never yet been answered. The subject was sub,
quently taken up by Sir Henry Ward, who afterwards
requested him (Mr. Berkeley) to be his successor ; and, feel-
ing convinced that the question must some day be settled,
he recommended that it should be brought forward every
year. For that reason he had annually, for the last 15 years,
brought the question before the house. There was no ques-
tion as to the existence of a great grievance, and to that mo-
ment the arguments for its abolition were founded upon rea-
soning, which was like an impregnable fortress. It had been
assailed from time to time in that house, no matter which
party were in power, but the attacks had always been unsuc-
cessful. He should not then bring forward any new argu-
ments, but simply throw himself on the defensive. (Hear,
and divide.) The old objection was that the ballot was un-
English and unmanly. He wished therefore to show that a
number of very large establishments conducted their busi-
ness upon the principle of the ballot. Amongst others he
might mention the London Institution, the Royal Astrono-
mical Society, the Society of Antiquaries, the Royal So-
ciety, the London: Linnman Society, Christ's Hospital (elec-
tion for Governor), Dulwich College (election of master of
grammar school), the Bank of England, the Charterhouse,
and the clubs known as the Carlton, Senior and Junior
United Service, Travellers', Oxford and Cambridge Uni-
versity, Brookes's, White's, Boodle's, the Wyndham, and
the Un'on. He believed also that the Manchester Unity
and the Freemasons elected their masters and treasurers by
the ballot, together withabont 20 friendly societies-.(divide)
—the Church Missionary Society, the Wesleyan Metho-
dists, the United Methodists, tho Free Church, and some
of the Baptists. Finally, in Canada the bishops were
elected by ballot. That was curious evidence of the prac-
tice being un-English and unmanly. (Hear, hear.) An-
other point he wished to refer to was, that the right to vote
was a responsibility which no elector ought to try to (wade.
The honourable gentleman then quoted same extracts from
speeches of Earl Russell and Edmund Burke in support
of his views upon the ballot question, and cited some in-
stances of hardship to tenants and electors in consequence
of the ballot not being in operation. At a Cork election
some time back, when Mr. Murphy, Mr. Fagan, and Mr.
Chatterton were candidates, there had been a great struggle,
and a number of men were stationed by the priests to watch
the booth, with the instructions, " We do not want any vio-
lence, but we think that whoever votes for Fagan and
Murphy is a good man, and whoever votes for Chatterton
is a bad man." The next day the principal inn in the town
was more like an hospital than a place of entertainment ; yet
the noble lord had a notion about these electors being the
trustees
for the non-voters. He believed however that the
ballot was founded on abstract truth and justice, and must
The hon. gentleman then referred to the disturb-
, Parcesali- T
at the recent elections at Southampton, East Kent,
\
Totnes, Liakeeed,
described in todix::
and Devonport.
‘o7'tahreliamen Parliamentary Guide" as tasterbepilnacg eunwdaser
tdhuek leo,
dukes
t candidate
singular that when he Dukes
of Somerset. It was very
state of an English borough ea:
the allegation, but
aritnidgidate got ecair_fiitthhis
of
tdheMyro.teDs.enTt
hpauttwnapa the
oritdgdhtbetoulezcdiu'eds because
11*3
mean to say that there was anyentrunothw: (Hear.) He did not
if there were the noanblde
hdt:ltle
was a non-elector,
tenantry. (Hear.) Was he not to do as heth elikeccot:rrute'pt:l,l2isragacotiwn7e:ta
In Bent amen had notice to quit for voting forDwierintlighia °
Knatchbull ; but the landlord, having
Bill before his eyes, afterwards went to the tenant, and said,
" Sir, mind I do not turn you out from any political motive."
And AO that wonderful Act of Parliament was put aside in a
moment. Another man who was turned out in the same way,
asked the landlord the reason. The latter said it had nothing
to do with his vote; "but, sir," said he, "I have a
great objection to Rowan noses, (Laughter.) You,

'l' THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAy -EVENING, JUNE 17,. 1863.

THE CONFEDERATE STATES.

(From the Special Correspondent of the limes.)
GUINEY'S STATION, VIRGINIA, May 7.
Of all the strange bights which within these last
few days have met my eyes nothing stranger than
the small country station from which this letter is
dated has as yet fallen under my observation.
Situated on the Fredericksburg and Richmond rail-
road, 12 miles from the former town, Guiney's
depot has for many months been an important en•
trepot for commissary and ammunition and ord-
nance stores, and is the furthest point to which
during squally seasons in and about Fredericks-
burg, the trains from Richmond advance. Conceive
this spot as I see it this morning, with 12,000 or
14,000 men encamped about it, swimming in mud,
ghastly from the multitude of its sick and wounded
men, a Babel of confusion, voices, and tongues.
Here, too, are at least 6,000 Federal prisoners, look-
ing in their blue uniform like a crop of indigo rising
from the low, swampy soil, and refusing until this
morning to be paroled, because they professed to
believe that Stoneman, or Sedgwick, or Hooker
would rescue them. " John Sedgwick is not a man
to be stopped." " You haven't done with Joe
Hooker yet." " Wait till something is heard from
Stoneman." Such are some of the phrases which
salute your ears as you wander among them, com-
puting whether the proportion of Irish and German
faces amounts to two-thirds or four-fifths, Turn to
the wooden storehouse adjoining the station and
marvel at the immense piles of captured muskets
which have already come in, and which would fill
Exeter-hall from floor to roof. These muskets have
been lost in the attempt to execute Exeter-hall's ab-
horred, but possibly well-intentioned behests;
stronger hands and stouter hearts are wanted before
those behests shall prevail.
A few hundred yards from Guiney's lies a com-
fortable Virginian farmhouse belonging to a Mr.
Chandler. In it " Stonewall" Jackson is understood
to be lying wounded. With a beating heart I rode
up to ask after him, for rumour had stated that his
condition was not favourable. Dr. Maguire, his
staff surgeon, met me outside the house. He stated
that until two this morning nothing could be more
favourable than his patient's progress towards re-
covery, that he had ceased to entertain any fears
about the wounded right hand, and that it had been
his intention to convey the General to Richmond
to-day. But at two this morning the General woke
with an acute pain in his side, and, although Dr.
Maguire hoped that it might proceed from neuralgia,
he had the greatest apprehensions in regard to
pneumonia. The General was asleep while I was
talking with the doctor. Shortly after he awoke,
and upon examination it was pronounced -that the
symptoms were decidedly those of pneumonia.
The doctor proceeded to cup and leech him; from
that moment I gave up all hope of his recovery.
General Jackson's physique was far from being
robust. It is an unerring indication of the fiery
earnestness with which he entered into this war that
from the time the first musket was fired he forgot his
feebleness, and exposed himself to hardships, pri-
vations, destitution of food, exposure by night and
day, such as I verily believe have never been sub-
mitted to by any General, whether modern or an
cient, since first war desolated the earth. The
famous description of Hannibal recurs to the mind as
you think of him,—" Caloris ac frigoris patientza
par ; nullo labore aut 'corpus fatigari nut animus
vinct poterat." There was in his endurance of
hardship, in his indifference about food or shelter,
in his unsparing and undemonstrative self-sacrifice
something that was positively sublime. All have
felt that in military.genius, in strategical ability,
Jackson may have had many superiors ; but the
sight of him, and of him alone, stirred the blood
like a trumpet, and the words " Stonewall Jackson
is coming" carried confidence to his friends and
terror to his foes, such as of yore the word "Marl-
brook" inspired when whispered into the ear of
French children.
I retired a few hundred yards from the house ; the
train from Richmond came in, bringing with it his
wife and only child—a daughter born less than six
months ago. It was impossible to look at the house
whereahe lay, and to think of the meeting between
himself and his wife, from whom he had for two
years almost entirely torn himself away to render
service—and such service—to his country, without
a mist coming over the eyes and a choking sense of
suffocation rising in the throat. I turned to look at
the wounded—the unknown and unrecorded heroes
of this war, with love for whom, unsparingly as be
called upon them to exert themselves, Jackson's
whole heart was instinct. It was a sad and piteous
sight. In no previous battle has the suffering been so
great. The tangled, intricate, and difficult country
in which the battle was fought, the threatening de-
monstrations of the Federals at several points, made
it dangerous to expose waggons and ambulances to
the possibility of capture, and almost all the wounded
who were able to walk had walked, some 12 and 14
and some between 20 and 25 miles, from the field of
battle to Guiney's Station. Amputations on the field,
instant attention t 3 wounds, now known to surgeons
as being vitally necessary, were in few cases possi-
ble. More than one case of limbs badly shattered and
untouched far four or five days, and in which mor-
tification had ensued and death was inevitable, came
under my notice. Many other cases were noticeable
in which, though life was likely to be spared,
health and vigour were manifestly gone for
ever. The want of prompt surgical assistance to
men wounded in battle involves not merely the
alternative of death or life, but of enjoyable, elastic,
vigorous, sparkling life, and the innumerable forms
of death in life, or living death. There was a com-
mittee of worthy and excellent citizens from Rich-
mond dispensing soup and medicines, but their
efforts were like a drop in the ocean.
I went down to Richmond by one of the trains
which conveyed the wounded. It was, indeed, tra-
velling through the Valley of the Shadow of Death.
Such sights and scenes—how many of them have I
now seen !—are not to be detailed to your readers.
They sink deep into the heart of him whowitnesses
them, as the wild screams of the delirious live and
are impressed upon the tympanum of his ear. My
thoughts were with Jackson ; the shadow of the
coming event strode forth and cast a chill over the
heart. But it was encouraging even in such a mo-
ment to note the energy of the Confederates, which
in one day had repaired the damage done by Stone-
man's cavalry to the Fredericksburg and Richmond
Railroad, and in two days had got the Virginia
Central Railroad again in working gear.
Let it now be understood, in answer to the cuckoo
cry always raised by the North of overwhelming
numbers concentrated by the rebels, that the late
series of battles was fought by General Lee without
the addition to his numbers of one man from Rich-
mond. When first General Hooker's menacing
attitude was assumed, General Longstreet was called
for by General L9e. But Longstreet replied that
waggons, which were deep in the recesses of
he could not leave Suffolk without losing many of
his ggons•
before Suffolk, and opened the
North Carolina, and wz,uld be seized by the enemy
if he retired from
country to *
:00 unchecked ravages of the enemy.
General, -Lee immediately telegraphed to him not
to kicur, a certain loss for the sake of a pro
laiematical gain, and seriously inclined to make
the best possible preparation for the reception of
Hooker. It is not necessary that I should state
how small General Lee's army actually was. No
statement of mine, made when the echoes of the
cannon have scarcely died away,
would command
credence in the North or in England, any more than
the unquestionable fact that General Lee fought the
battle of Sharpsbnrg with 35,000 against consider-
ably more than 100,000 men. But it will be be-
lieved when I state that not one man left Richmond
to assist General Lee, except some small bodies
which went to guard the large stores at Hanover
Junction and Gordonsville, and to prevent the de-
struction of the railroad bridge over the South
Anne River.
It is too early at present to enter into an examina-
tion of the strategical merits of General Lee's
operations. The impression of all who are best
qualified to judge is that hereafter they will be re-
garded by competent military critics as exhibiting
ability of the very highest order. Threatened at
many points by an immensely superior foe, he did
not scruple to divide his little army into three por-
tions, one of which he left under General Early to
guard the heights of Fredericksburg, one of which

THE NAVY.

he threw under Jackson upon his enemy's rear, and
with the third he opposed the great Federal host
in front. Higher audacity was, I believe, never
manifested by mortal General than when General
Lee, about 4 on Saturday afternoon, opened fire
along his whole line against his gigantic foe, In
order to distract his attention from Jackson, who
General Lee knew must then be approaching
Hooker's rear. Again, I am reluctant, by reason
of its incredible smallness, to disclose the number
of men by whcm fire was opened that afternoon
upon the intrenched and multitudinous masses of
the Federals. History will do justice to the
sagacity which led General Lee to divine that his
enemy, having fallen back many miles to get
into his intrenchments, would be little likely to
leave those intrenchments and take the initiative.
But it will be difficult to do justice to the composure
with which General Lee sent back men to meet
Sedgwick, without for a moment relaxing his gripe
upon Hooker; with what astonishing prescience he
read and frustrated the design and purpose of his
foe. General Hooker has shown ability, daring,
and energy; but in striving to outmar oeuvre Gen.
Lee it was the urchin boy conjuring with the wand
of Michael Scott. _ _ _

RICHMOND, May 10.

Consummatunt est. One of the purest, most
guileless, most unselfish spirits ever lent to earth has
been taken to his rest, and " Stonewall" Jackson is
no more. From the violent bleeding of Thursday
last he never rallied, and with circulation so re-
duced that the pulse was hardly perceptible he in-
sisted, contrary to the entreaties of his doctors, in
having cloths dipped in iced water and laid upon
his chest. From the first he seems to have had a
strange presentiment of his approaching dissolution.
At a time when nothing but the most favourable
auguries were entertained as to his recovery, he ex-
claimed, with strange emphasis, "If I live it will be
for the best, and it I die it will be for the best ; God
knows, and directs all things always for the best."
There was about him a living consciousness that he
was an instrument sent by God for a special purpose,
and left on earth so long as he was competent to
achieve that purpose. With the strong faith of a pre-
destinarian, he soaredabove allsensations of physical
fear, such as accompany ordinary mortals when artil-
lery is roaring and musketry flashing around them.
He was not a great strategist, a finessing tactician—
but he was the most downright sledgehammer of
war, triumphing over difficulties which stood in his
way with a facility unknown to any other General.
In only one quality of mind did his powers ascend
to the region of genius—in the most remarkable
geographical or topographical accuracy of percep-

tion which led him to march to his destination with
the unerring instinct of the Red Indian. He knew
the northern half of Virginia as the prisoner of
Chillon knew his dungeon.
He has gone at a moment when nothing can be
added to his earthly fame. In not one of his flank
movements, his fiery onslaughts upon his enemy's
rear, was he ever baffled or thwarted or disconcerted
by any opposing general. But never was surprise so
complete as that of Saturday, May 2, never were the
consequences of any of his movements so momen-
tously eventful. It is his own belief that if he
had had one hour more daylight, a large portion of
Gen. Hooker's army would have laid down their
arms. These words will be probably received in the
North with a howl of derision. Tb.ey only who
witnessed the unmistakable evidences of Federal
demoralisation will recognise and admit the reason-
ableness of Gen. Jackson's impression. But one
thing is beyond a peradventure. If he had not been
wounded at the most critical moment of the battle,
he would undoubtedly have cut Gen. Hooker off
from the United States Ford, and it may be left to
your readers and to the whole world to surmise
whether the Federals would have been able to cut
their way out through strong lines of ictrenchment
thrown around them, when they could not keep
their enemy out of still stronger lines of intrench-
ment on the perilous ridge and in the memorable
oak thicket of Chancellorsville.

He has gone, but will not his memory be 3, pillar
of fire, leading, kindling, vivifying, aud inspiring
his men, and from the tomb calling them to deeds
of more than mortal valour ? In one great respect
his mission has been fulfilled, Ile has roused a
heart and kindled an enthusiasm in his countrymen
which will but be intensified by the thought that he
is gone. While he lived it was not unusual to
hear disparagements of his ability, damaging com-
parisons between him and other Generals, asser-
tions that his successes in the Valley and elsewhere
were attributable to the advice and inspiration of
this General or that. But, now that he is gone,
the true instinct of his country's outspoken heart
proclaims that his loss is irreparable.
The battles of last week are unquestionably the
bloodiest of the war. After careful inquiries about
the Confederate loss, I find that it amounts to, but
as is thought does not exceed, 10,000 killed,
wounded, and missing, The computation of the
Federal loss I feel little disposed to enter upon, as
it must necessarily be of the nature of an estimate.
But, judging from the immense amount of pri-
soners now being marched to Richmond, amounting
to between 8,000 and 9,000, and also from the dead
bodies at Chancellorsville and Salem Church, it is a
moderate figure to estimate the dead, wounded, and
missing of the Fedex als at 25 000. It is, I think,
impossible that the number of Confederate pri-
soners captured and sent across the river can reach
2,000. Rumour puts them at 1,500.

Naval and Military Intelligence.

The Orlando, screw frigate, 1,000 horse power,
Capt. G. G. Randolph, arrived at Spithead yester-
day morning from the Nore.
The Channel fleet at Portland is under orders on
Monday evening to proceed on a few days' cruise in
the Channel, and to exercise the crews in gunnery.
The iion-cased frigate Royal Oak, Capt. F. A.
Campbell, will sail from Spithead to join the fleet
on the conclusion of her trials.

The royal yachts Victoria and Albert, Fairy, and
Elfin, have each received a thorough renovation
and embellishment at Portsmouth, in readiness for
the service of her Majesty and the royal family
during the remainder of the summer.
The Cossack, 20 gun screw steam corvette, 1,296
tons, 250 horse power, Capt. IV. R. Rolland, made
her official trial of speed at the measured mile off
Maplin Sands on Saturday last, under the superin-
tendence of Capt.W. K. Hall, C. 8., of her Majesty's
ship Cumberland, guardship of Steam Reserve at
Sheerness, prior to leaving for the Mediterranean.
Six runs at full speed, with full boiler power, were
made on the mile, which gave an average of 9.055
knots per hour, the pressure of steam being 201 b. ;
vacuum, 25 ; revolutions of engines at full boiler
power, 80; at half power, 56. Two runs were made
at half boiler power, giving an average of 5.945
knots per hour. The circle was turned with helm
to port in 5 min. 29 sec., and with helm to starboard
in 6 min. 12 sec. The Cossack is fitted with Smith's
propeller ; diameter, 12ft. lin. ; pitch, 16in., and the
immersion of screw was 2ft. Din. At the time of the
trial the draught of water was 17ft. Tin. forward,
and 17ft. Bin. aft. The engines are from the
eminent firm of Maudslay, Son, and Field. On
Tuesday the Commander-in• Chief at Sheerness,
Vice-Admiral Sir W. J. Hope Johnstone, K.C.8.,
attended by his staff, inspected the Cossack, and
expressed his gratification at the condition of the
vessel. Immediately after the inspection she pro-
ceeded to Portsmouth, air oute to the Mediterranean.
The Vivid, tender to the flagship Fisgard, at
Woolwich, got up steam yesterday morning at an
early hour, and sailed from Woolwich at daybreak
for Ostend, to embark the Queen of Prussia for
England on a visit to her Majesty.

The hired steam transport Samson, having shipped
80 guns of various calibres and a mixed cargo of war
stores from Woolwich pier, yesterday went down to
the red buoy off the Arsenal to embark 100 tons of
powder. She will proceed to the following stations
on the West Coast of Africa :—Cape Coast Castle,
Anamaboe, Dix Cove, Accra, Whydah, Lagos, and
Badagry.

The following appointments were made at the Admiralty
yesterday :

. Edward M, Roe, assistant paymast6r, to the Firefly, in
charge.

Allred G. Roberts, clerk, to the Hibernia.
Joseph G. W. Hoare, assistant paymaster, to the Victoria
and Albert.