The Sun.
London, England, 1863-08-25 00:00:00

THE SUN, _LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 25, 1861

LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 25, 1863.

The well-merited tribute bestowed upon the
veteran King of the BELGIANS by the Count DE
MONTALEMBERT in his recent discourse at Mechlin,
will meet with universal and cordial sympathy in
this country. The effect upon the vast multitude
of the Counts assembled was electric. The Hour
and the Man lent additional force to the enlogium.
The Count of MONTALEMBERT, whose eloquent
lips have been scaled for twelve long years, was na-
turally listened to with a very peculiar interest.
There was a mournful pathos in the regretful tone
in which he, a liberal and patriotic Frenchman,
spoke of his native land as of one who, " condes-
cended to be the least free of the Nations of the
Western World." Denied in his own country the
power of giving utterance to his powerful and impas-
sioned eloquence—because that eloquence is always
inspired by the freest spirit of Liberty—because
it is always devoted to the upholding of popular
rights and popular independence—the most elo-
quent because he is also the most liberal of modern
Frenchmen—is dumb in his own land. On the
more favoured soil of Belgium he, after a twelve
years' silence, spoke on Thursday last, and the most
effective portion of his speech, one that thrilled
the hearts of those who listened to him, was his
very earnest and heartfelt tribute to the Constitu-
tional Sovereign of the country in which he
spoke. As an evidence of the emotions excited
in the audience by the Count's harangue, the vene-
rable President, DE GERLACIIE, now more than
seventy years of age, hastily rose from his seat at
the conclusion of the address to embrace the orator
before the latter could descend from the Tribune!
That illustrious Orator, who, foreigner and
stranger though ha was, had so fully and so
truthfully expressed the general sentiments of the
Belgians for their KING ! The incident, no doubt,
acquired additional interest from the recent
illness of the KING, an illness which at one
time threatened to be serious. Happily the
danger has passed by, and LEoroLD is
spared in his old age to reap the reward so well
earned by his conscientious career—the best reward
a ruler can obtain—the love and gratitude of his
people. MONTALEMBERT spoke of him, the King,
as a really " honest man" (thus awarding him, in
the spirit of BURNS, the highest possible amount of
approbation), and as one who had dared to keep
faith with his people and to be true to his oath !

It was about the same period of time that two so-
called Constitutional sovereigns were placed at the
head of two neighbouring nations. The year 1830
saw LOUISPHILIPPE of Orleans chosen the Constitu-
tional King (not of France) but of the French—the
Citizen King. The same year saw LEOPOLD of
Coburg in like manner elected King (not of Bel-
gium) but of the Belgians. Both chosen by their
respective people, the depositories of a sacred trust
—sworn to uphold the Constitution. History
can relate the rest. How did they fulfil their trust ?
'Vhat is the result of those two sovereignties ? False
to his promises and his principles (or his avowed
principles), the Citizen King found even his astute-
ness, even has Machiavellian craft was insufficient
to preserve his throne, insufficient to uphold his
dynasty when unsupported by truth and faith. In
his second and utterly hopeless exile he no doubt
learned, too late, the bitter lesson. He could say
with a peculiar truth, like the ingenuous hero of
tried both t" LOUIS PHILIPPE, the faithless Sove-
reign, 15 _
dead in exile, and his family (beloved and
revered for their individual virtues) are set aside
from their
it in Bei
giuitPro.mised inheritance. Far otherwise is
Tere the constitutional Sovereign,
true to his pledges,
honoured
bby . mindful of his oath, still reigns,
beloved
neighbouring nations, and respected and
y Ili, oval
troth of 'which peop
le. In testimony of the
beautiful words of the liberal
the
and enlightened Moll
141'ziABERT
of the venerable DE Gum and the emotion
4MR may
testify.

This is the month for h
sure excusions of every kind; from the
ae
leastnd
to the
plea-
greatest all who can throw off for a ni
while their twins-
.
tomed harness betake themselves, on
some pretext
or another, to moor or continent, s
eks-id, or hi h
land. Our Gracious SOVEREIGN Bets
her e.,g "
pleasure in re-
the example, and finds a melancholy saujects
visiting those scenes so especially associated with
the memory of her lamented CONSORT. it is true
that more cheerful thoughts will greet her iu the
company of her fair young daughter and the royal
infant, who is honoured by bearing her grand-
motl ez's name; eed she has also been invited by
the Crown Prince and Priucees of PRUSSIA to ex-
tend her jotirney in their direction. There are
clouds in that quarter, however, which will prevent
Qneen VICTORIA from deriving unmixed satsfac-
tion from a visit to Prussian territories, although
she must be glad that her son-in-law has profited
too well by the example of her constitutional rule
in England to share the mistakes of his father.
Meanwhile the young bride and bridegroom, on
whom ail eyes are fixed, and who have filled the
foremost place in public attention during the last
busy half-year, are enjoying unwonted retirement
in the fresh breezes of the north. The sports of
the Highlands appear to delight the youthful pair,
whose sunny season of life gives zest to all enjoy-

merits. What the Danish Princess has seen of the
loyalty of her northern subjects is not likely to
WOE bken the impression made en her by the enthu-
alas tic reception given her by the denizens of the
busy metropolis. The cordial greetings of Highland
and Lowland, of Abergeldie and Edinburgh, will go
far to sustain the truth of the Laureate's assertion—
" Saxon and Norman and Dane are we—
Teuton or Celt, or whatever we be,
We are each all Dane in our welcome of thee !"
Bat whether in the far recesses of their own domi-
nions or among the varied scenes of continental life,
the members of our Royal Family carry with them
the hearty goodwill and sympathy of their people,
in their pleasures, as in their joys. They may look
with no envious eyes on the pomp of Continental
State or on the authority of Continental despotism,
feeling that they have left behind them a mightier
people held in lighter chains, yet more securely
bound. The dark memories of Holyrood can only
awaken a feeling of thankfulness for the altered
days which rulers and people now enjoy, and the
troubled state of the Vuterland at this present
juncture is not like'y to excite unfavourable
comparisons with our sturdy English loyalty
and content. Nor, when 911 r SOVEREIGN'S
thoughts turn homewards, can she fail to be
thankful for the happiness and prosperity of her
people, True, that the dark cloud of sorrow and
distress is still overshadowing Lancashire. But the
rest of the country is rejoicing in a national blessing
in which even Lancashire can in a measure partici-
pate. The prospects of the harvest are every day
increasing in bountiful promise. The harvest ope-
rations have already commenced, and one of the
most abundant wheat-harvests on record is confi-
dently anticipated, if the present weather continues.
In Scotland, after the sunshiny days, they have
had frosty nights, which have tended to preserve and
develop the gifts of Mother Earth. The absence of
the potato disease, in addition to the plentiful supply
of graic, increases the hopeful prospects of the poor.
And in spite of the American war and Lancashire
distress the million need not shrink from the coming
winter with the feeling of mournful anticipation
that too often attends the "fall of the year." The
hop plantations have also improved within the last
few days, owing to the opportune and beneficial
rain. The plants are said to have grown sur-
prisingly in that brief interval, and the busy
gardens of Kent and Sussex will, we may hope,
snare in the general jubilee. The showers which
have done so much good in one quarter do not appear
to have inflicted injury in another, for, far from
retarding the ingathering of the harvest, they have
stimulated the farmers to increased exertions in
order to secure their precious crops from further
changes as soon as possible. To make hay while
the sun shines, is a wise old saw, which may be
followed with advantage in life as well as in agri-
culture, and the farmers are probably applying its
advice to a little later season. The success of the
harvest is a matter which concerns us all very
nearly, and for which no other good fortune can
compedsate. Trade and commerce are important,
no doubt, to vast sections of the community; but
their fluctuations or reverses, however depressing,
can be, in a measure, atoned for in other quarters.
But when the "staff of life" falls short, the extremity
of the distress cannot be mitigated, because it falls
heaviest on the weakest shoulders. Let us then .
look in all thankfulness on
"The golden acres bending
In the light of harvest rays ;"

rejoicing that, in addition to oar national im-
munity from the hoirors of foreign war and internal
dissensions, we are likewise spared the calamity of
scarce, and therefore dear bread.

When the curtain falls upon a public career, and
another is added to the list o; those who are re-
posing in the shade of the venerable abbey, it is in-
teresting to take a glance at their career, and in
some measure to sum up an epitome of their lives.
The celebrated man, who on Saturday last was con-
signed to his honoured resting-place, certainly well
won that glorious guerdon, for his career was a most
arduous one. Lord CLYDE found no royal road to
fame, but fought for the place that he gained; and
thus, in looking back on his past life, we may re-
cognise in him one of those earnest workers on life's
highway, who achieve much themselves and lead
others on to greatness also. His career is most in-
teresting to trace, for he began humbly, and
worked his way up solely by his own exertions.
He rendered services to his country for more than
half a century, through the wide-spread confines of
that empire on which the sun never sets. It carries
the mind back to a remote period, as it were, to
think that ha served under Sir JoitN MooRE at
Corinna. At the storming of St. Sebastian he
particularly distinguished himself, and obtained
great praise. From the scenes of strife in Spain he
was sent to America, and in the New World re-
newed the struggles of the Old. After being pre-
sent at the capture of Washington he was sent to
the West Indies. It is curious to think how this
gallant soldier's life was spared until the Continent
of the Western Hemisphere was again rife with
discord, and its inhabitants distracted with turmoil.
Lord CLYDE then remained for some time near the
Equator. In 1842 he went to China, and remained
in the Celestial Empire during the first war.
Thence he proceeded to India. For a considerable
period he remained in the east, and took part in
many great battles.

The Crimean War was the
next stage
on which this long-tried soldier appeared.
At the Alma, he was distinguished for the place he
took among those chosen ones of England who
went up its heights to glory. He was to have com-
manded a second attack on the Redan, and it is
only a pity that he did not superintend the first.
He was ready to undertake the duty; but he made
the following wise remark upon the work in ques-
tion :—" In such cases you must not only order the
column to advance to the assault, but you must lead
them in person, and they will surely follow !" The
greatest mismanagement was exhibited by the horns
authorities in not giving Lord CLYDE the chief
command on the death of Lord RAGLAN. But, some-
times, those wise and learned individuals seem to
lose their judgment, and purposely substitute in
different and inexperienced men for those who
have been trained by the lessons of experience, and
proved their mettle on many a hard-fought plain.
The next phase in the career of the hero was the
most glorious of them all. At one day's notice he
started for India at the time of the mutiny. He
might well have taken for his motto that of the NA-
management in
aye ready I" line result of his
managementin that most arduous undertaking
is recorded o
of tho
n the
Pagewhere history tells of his
triumph. When many, doubtless, thought
nthcountry's'e
e missionintrepid warrior was com-
pleted, and the soldier
was
nriks lv
to
n:tiroes
Store for
mission
wax
his warfare
o'er," fate had great things
best and highest of his w
alasimov.er.Thlet
as to come when
others deemed that his public
is a proud satisfaction to any man to •
of rescuing back from destruction „itt:e
ortant the means
p pos-
session of his country; and to have succeeded as
Lord CLYDE did, was an achievement only to be
won by the foremost in the ranks of military re.
nown. It is said that during his last illness he was
haunted by the manory of the horrors of the siege
of Luckuow, and that he exclaimed, See that the

women and children are safe." This was, indeed,
the ruling spirit strong in death. It is a sad and
solemn sight to behold the interment of one who
has played so busy a part on the great stage of
life; but when death has summoned to the night,
where no man can work, as the valiant warrior is
lowered to his rest, the assistants, recalling his
heroism in a hundred battles, must feel that—
" The dawn of his,awakening
Will hear no foeman's drum I"

A great country like England, hallowed with
past associations, rich in present possessions, and
bright with future promise, can own no more
glorious memorial than the receptacle of her
most honoured dead. It is a great thing for a
nation to show respect and reverence for those
whose lives have been passed in patriotic services,
and whose deaths awaken the regret of all who
have appreciated their career. "To live in hearts
we leave behind is not to die," is a true axiom,
and surely the mau who was laid to. rest in West-
minster Abbey on Saturday can lay claim to that
proud distinction. By his long life of toil, by his
self-made position, by his devotion to duty and his
energetic efforts to serve his country—whether in
India, in America, in the Crimea, or wherever danger
sounded the signal and difficulty marshalled the way
—he has gained a prize only accorded to merit, and
has won a wreath of undying fame. The Govern.
ment have acted wisely and well in resolving that
Lord CLYDE should be interred in Westminster
Abbey, It was the right place for so distin-
gp ished a hero, and the fitting close to a career
that had been often toilsome and sometimes de-
pressed, but that, followed in faith and inspired by
courage, gained at last the victory.

The Modern Arming of Achilles.

As WONDERFULLY DESCRIBED BY CHARLES
DICKENS.

(In to•day's number of "All the Year .Round," but ileS,

published.)

Ding, Clash, Dong, BANG, Boom, Rattle, Clash,
BANG, Clink, BANG, Dong, BANG, Clatter, BANG
BANG BANG ! What on earth is this ! This is,
or soon will be, the Achilles, iron armour-plated
ship. Twelve hundred men are working at her
now ; twelve hundred men working on stages over
her sides, over her bows, over her stern, under her
keel, between her decks, down in her hold, within
her and without, crawling and creeping into the
finest curves of her lines wherever it is possible for
men to twist. Twelve hundred hammerere, mea-
surers, caulkers, armourers, forgers, smiths, ship-
wrights ; twelve hundred dingers, slashers,
dbaonnggeerras,l
yraetttlnerlis,
thicalianktueprosn,
dobuannguperrs bangers
oararound
the rising Achilles is as nothing to the re-
verberations with which the perfected Achilles
shall resound upon the dreadful day when the full
work is in hand for which this is but note of pre-
paration—the day when the scuppers that are now
fitting like great dry thirsty conduit-pipes shall run
red. All these busy figures between decks, dimly
seen bending at their work in smoke and fire, are
as nothing to the figures that shall do work here of
another kind in smoke and fire, that day. These
steam-worked engines alongside, helping the ship
by travelling to and fro, and wafting tons of
iron plates about, as though they were so many
leaves of trees, would be rent limb from limb it
they stood by her for a minute then. To think
that this Achilles, monstrous compound of iron tank
and oaken chest, can ever swim or roll ! To think
that any force of wind and wave could ever break
her ! To think that wherever I see a glowing
red-hot iron point thrust out of her side from
within —as I do now, there, and there, and there !
—and two watching men or a stage without, with
bared arms and sledge-hammers, strike at it fiercely,
and repeat their blows until it is black and fiat, I
see a rivet being driven home of which there are
many in every iron plate, and thousand upon thou
sands in the ship ! To think that the difficulty I
experience in appreciating the ship's size when I
am on board arises from her being a series of iron
tanks and oaken chests, so that internally she is
ever finishing and ever beginning, and halt of her
might be smashed and yet the remaining half suffice
and be sound. Then, to go over the side again and
down among the ooze and wet to the bottom of the
dock, in the depths of the subterranean forest of
dog-shores and stays that hold her up, and to see
the immense mass bulging out against the upper
light, and tapering down towards me, is, with
great pains and much clambering, to arrive at
an impossibility of realising that this is a ship
at all, and to become possessed by the fancy
that it is an enormous immovable edifice set
up in an ancient amphitheatre (say, that at Verona)
and almost filling it ! Yet what would even these
things be, without the tributary workshops and
mechanical powers for piercing the iron plates—
four inches and a half thick—for rivets, shaping
them under hydraulic pressure to the finest taper-
ing turns of the ship's lines, and paring them away,
with knives shaped like the beaks of strong and
cruel birds, to the nicest requirements of the design!
These machines of tremendous force, so easily
directed by one attentive face and presiding hand,
seem to me to have in them something of the retir-
ing character of the Yard. " Obedient monster,
please to bite this mass of iron through and through,
at equal distances, where these regular chalk-
marks are, all round." Monster looks at its
work, and lifting its ponderous head, replies,
I don't particularly want to do it ; hut
if it must be done —I " The solid metal
wriggles out, hot from the monster's crunching
tooth, and it is done. "Dutiful monster, observe
this other mass of iron. It is required to be pared
away, according to this delicately lessening and
arbitrary line, which please to look at." Monster
(who has been in a reverie) brings down its blunt
head, and much in the manner of Doctor Johnson,
closely looks along the line—very closely, being
somewhat nearsighted. "I don't particularly
want to do it ; but if it must be done --- !"
Monster takes another near-sighted look, takes aim,
and the tortured piece writhes off, and falls, a hot
tight-twisted snake, among the ashes. The making
of the rivets is merely a pretty round game, played
by a man and a boy, who put red hot barley-sugar
in a Pope Joan board, and immediately rivets fall
out of a window ; but the tone of the great machines
is the tone of the great Yard and the great country :
‘ We don't particularly want to do it ; but if it
must be done -- !"

GENERAL MOURAVIEFF.-6
las Mouravieff,Cl773r. to
He
servingtaoromkypart in eneralPrince Nicho-
who bee been commissioned by the
pacify Poland, d
hwia s born in Moscow in the year
itnhethwearC
patched on a mission to the Court alter which he was des-
soon after received his of the Shah of Persia. He
military career in 1810, in the
commission as major-general, and
aed by.t
altssia in 1828 and 1829
against this Asiatic Power. later period, in 1831, he
was actively engaged in the Polish
campaign, and was ap-
pointed lieut.-general after the battle of Krazmi . erz. At the
taking of Warsaw ho commanded the rig ht wing of the
Russian forces. In 1832 the Emperor Nicholas
commis-
sioned him to conclude an agreement with Meheet
Ali,
and entrusted him with the command of the Russian arm
of the Bosphorus, and afterward, in 1835, with that of they
sth army corps of infantry. But a short time after ho bad
assumed the command a want of discipline among the troops
was soon manifest, much carelessness and disorder were
also displayed it 4 the army of Sebastopol, a duty which also
devolved upon Prince Mouravieff; for these and other rea-
sons he fell into disgrace wi,h the Emperor, and retired to
Moscow, where ho came forward and remained for a long
time as one of the most extreme members of the old Rus-
sian party. In 1843 he, however, again entered the service
of the State, became a member of the highest war council,
and was afterwards appointed to the command of the Gre
nadier Guards. In 1855, at the head of the Circassian
army, he took the city of Katz, and when relieved from
his command, in 1856, by Prince Bariatinski, he retired
from the service and lived as a private individual on his
estates, there au Imperial order reached him giving him
the command of the army in Poland to suppress the irt-
surreetion.

The comic actor Lissagne, formerly of the
Theatre des Var&es., and who bad been fcr the last three
years is a reaison de sante, has just died at the age of 41.
The Gazette des Ltrangers states that M. de
Lantartine has been authorised to establish another lottery
of 4,000,000 of tickets At each.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE POLISH INSURRECTION.
CRACOW, AUG. 25, 11.45 a.m.
Railway and telegraphic communication between
this city and Warsaw have been interrupted.
A rising of the peasantry has taken place in the
palatinate of Sandomir. The first engagement
between them and the Russian forces is said to
have already taken place at Jedlna, in the vicinity
of Radom.

Insurgent detachments, under Eminowicz and
Cwick, are hastening with reinforcements from
the Government of Lublin.

SPAIN.
THE SPANISH ELECTIONS.

MADRID, AUG. 24, Evening.
The Progressistas and Democrats have refused to
submit to the conditions imposed by the. Govern-
ment, and have decided not to meet upon the 30th
inst.

THE CONGRESS AT MALINES.
(FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.)
MALINES, Aug. 22.
On arriving at the hall of the Congress yester-
day morning, I found that a general meeting was
being held, having begun at eleven, and that Pro-
fessor Perrin, of Louvain, had already spoken on
the social mission of charity. M. Cochin, late can-
didate for the representation of one of the Paris
arrondissements, was then addressing the meeting,
and his address seems, in the opinion of all, to have
been one of the most remarkable, if not the most
remarkable, of the whole Congress. He observed
that, while other assemblies of the kiud were
satisfied with deliberating, this one should adopt
resolutions ; and he proposed to turn their attention
to four special works. The first he mentioned was
that of the Propagation of the Faith among infidel
nations, which made known the Gospel by martyr-
dom. He had lately read again the annals of the As-
sociation for the Propagation of the Faith, and had
found in it a most remarkable contrast with the
writings of a man, whose recent publication had
saddened at once the learned and the religious
world. He (M. Cochin) had been led by it to
compare two letters written to a sister on
the brink of the grave ; the first was
dated from Syria, and congratulated the
dying woman upon her scepticism, and spoke
a good deal of the mysteries of Adonis and Byblos.
The other was addressed to Madlle. Amelia Ver-
nant, at her father's, and was dated but two years
back, "from my cage at Tonking." The writer re-
called to his sister their last interview, on the 26th
of February, when they parted with all fraternal
love, like St. Benedict and his sister; and therefore
he deemed that his last letter was due to her. He
described his position, shut up in a wooden cage,
hedged in by the lances and swords of his keepers;
surrounded by groups of soldiers, playing at cards
a and dice,
lwhp,ile he penned those lines by the light
of
awaiting his sentence to die on the
morrow. "I am to have my head cut off,"says the
intrepid martyr. Weep with joy; thy brother is
to be crowned with the nimbus of martyrdom, and
the palm branch is to flourish eternally in his right
hand. My soul is to ascend to Heaven to behold
eternal beauty.
But before this, it is needed that
the wheat be grown and the grape pressed out, that
I may become a bread and wine acceptable to the
Father of our family. I trust to be found worthy,
by the merits and kind love of Christ, and the
prayers of his Immaculate Mother, and begin
already the song of triumph, as if I had already
conquered." The second resolution he would pro-
pose would be in favour of the abolitiotnheof sla-very. He described to the assembly
suf-
ferings and degradation of seven millions of
baptised children of God, and called attention to
the fact that they were in the presence of one of the
sons ( kir. Henry Wilberforce) of the illustrious man
who had been the means of emancipating all tin=
slaves in the British dominions. He attributed to
this the great grace w
which had brought three out
and related an anecdote of t
Wilberforce, who, wishing to make the poor rejoice
of his four sons into the pale of
he
ee
ICaatethoAlircehCdhenarecehe;
Southwark to ask him to d
had said for him, The
which, he said, was due by him for all the prayers
with him at his conversion,iawtreinbtetteo
atheeerßtaisiehospemot:
it was true he had prayed'
for him ;but that he
haniedhempaasseeeswtehreedghooimd
attributed his having obtained
angels of the many slaves liberated by his father's
the grace of faith to the prayers of the guardian
well
were
alr-seb ett ihonegt
supporthae n
md
ei
nn soit
fnr uf
act n
eoi
lnfi
euosl
.if
to express a
exertions. He Con-
gresscolneceliutdeeedymbypaptrhoypofesirntghetotwtheevierkebthifahtop
which relate to
not
call attention so much to
cwhoirldkrmenelhandlioelddidm
sHtreeenegdthedohf
ylife,
repeating Professor Perrin's words—
" Let us organise society anew with the virtues of
old."

The meeting was then adjourned at about one
o'clock.
At three o'clock the proceedings were opened by
a report on the lace schools of Belgium, by the
Canon de Hearne, member of the Belgian Parlia-
ment. M. de Monge also presented a report of the
deliberations and the conclusions of the fourth sec-
tion, on Fine Arts, which opined that no exclusion
of any style should be made in Ecclesiastical Art.
Reports in the same sense were made by the Rev.
Mr. Braccsse, of Amsterdam, and the Rev. M. de
Proy ; the former, on Historical Literature and
Works of Fiction, and the latter on Music. M. de
Smet made a report, on behalf of the fifth section,
against the present state of the law in Belgium,
which forbids soldiers who have received their fur-
lough to marry until the expiration of their time of
service. M. Porseyn reported on the question of
clubs for Catholic young men, and proposed that
their members should be admitted into any similar
club whenever they left their own town.
At the conclusion of these reports M. Armand
Neut, editor of the Presse of Bruges, delivered the
long-threatened Flemish address, of which, I under-
stand, the drift to have been the beauties and
national importance of that delightful language.
His Eminence, CARDINAL WISEMAN, then went
up to the President's table, on the platform, and,
during an address of considerable length [it
occupied two hours in its delivery], gave to
the assembly an historical and statistical account of
the progress and state of the Catholic Church in
England. It was, of course, still a great contrast
to what existed in Belgium, the greatness of which
was best evinced by such an assembly. However,
in England the progress of Catholicity was admitted
both by friends and foes ; and he gave an account
of it, dividing its history into the three periods
elapsing between the creation of the four Apostolic
Vicariates of England by Benedict XIV., and
Catholic Emancipation in 1829 ; between that and
the doubling of the number of vicariates by Gre-
gory XVI. in 1840; and between that date and the
revival of the Catholic hierarchy by Pius IX., in
1850. He spoke of the providential gradations
through which the Church had passed in England,
which by multiplying the centres of Episcopal
authority brought many localities more directly
under the attention of their bishop, and led to the
development of religious resources. He gave the
statistics of the increase of the Catholic clergy in
proportion to the increase of the general population,
as given by the census of 1831, 1841,1851, and 1861,
which showed in the last instance that, while the
population increased 12 per cent., the Catholic
nlergv had increased 36 per cent. In 1830 the
number of priests in En gland was but 434,
whereas it is now 1,242. In London the Church
had to encounter all the obstacles of the anti-
Catholic societies, and to struggle with very small
means against the wealthy proselytising organisa-
tion brought to bear against the children of the
Catholic poor. Moreover, land was excessively char
in London, and this was a serious difficulty in the
way of multiplying the number of churches re-
quired. So that Catholic churches which might be
considered as worthy to rauX among the rac,avalez,f3

lof the country should not be sought for in London
so much as in other dioceses. Yet the character of
the new churches did not disconnect them with the
ancient ones for all attentive observers. He had
heard since he was in Malines of a fact which illus-
trated this in a marked manner. At York, in the
very shade of the glorious old Minster which had
been raised of old by English Catholic hands, the
Catholics of the town had built a fine church with
the money given by the town as a price for their old
chapel whose site was needed, and with such sub-
scriptions as were added to that sum. At the
Assizes lately held there, the judge, who sat in the
court near it wished to see the church, and having
examined it, he said that it seemed to him as if the
old Minster had struck its roots underground and
then sprung up again from it to shoot into the new
church ; a fit emblem of what is taking place in Eng-
land with regard to the Catholic church in general.
But the weak point of its position at present was
the want of education of the children of the poor,
which, from the extraordinary proportion of poor
which Ireland contributed to the Catholic popu-
lation of England, it was impossible far the latter
to supply unassisted. Already a community of
Belgian nuns, under the direction of a Belgian
priest; had devoted itself to this work in, one of the
poorest and most miserable districts of London, i e.,
Charles-street, Drury-lane. Every year, he was
happy to say, school accommodation for a thousand
children was added in his diocese ; but still it was
calculated that 17,000 Catholic children, at least,
never attended any school, or, if any, only now and
then some Protestant school. In France a society
was being formed for the support of Catholic schools
in London ; and, really, if foreigners did not assist
them for a time, he could not see how such a task
was to be adequately fulfilled. A large number of
Catholic foreigners were found in London, which
was not the case with other dioceses. Since No-
vember, 1862, a large church had been opened for
the Germans in Whitechapel; while during the
last spring, a large church, or basilica, had been
opened for the Italians in Hatton-wall; and its
underground crypt, which formed a chapel,
was used by a Polish priest from Posen
as a place of worship for his countrymen.
For the French-speaking Catholics, there was but
a small chapel in a quarter of the town which was
rather remote from the main group of French
settlers; but ground had fortunately and providen-
tially been procured and bought in the neighbour-
hood of Leicester-square, where and near which,
foreigners, and especially the French, mostly con-
gregate, and he hoped that, with the assistance of
benefactors a church would soon rise there, to be
served by French priests of the Marist order, among
whom a Flemish priest would always be found.
The surest sign of progress for Catholicity was, how-
ever, the conversions which had taken place and
were still going on. Not so much publicity was
given to them as at first, as it had been found to
result in bringing on social persecution, but the
current of conversion had anything but stopped,
and now extended very much to the middle classes
and among professional men. He spoke of the many
good works of these converts, more than 42 new
churches having been built exclusively by them.
At the time of the restoration of the hierarchy,
although it brought no temporal advantage to Catho-
lics, the whole nation had been roused against them,
and had inflicted on them much pain and terror.
He was now happy to report that the good sense
and fair play of Englishmen, had, with time, made
them make ample amends to their Catholic country-
men for such a want of justice. His Eminence
then described how the various grievances of
Catholics were being or had been already done
away with; and he paid a special compliment to
the venerable president of the Catholic poor school
committee, the Hon. Charles Langdale, whom he
compared to the President of the Congress, the
Baron de Gerlache. He alluded also to the founda-
tion and progress of reformatory and industrial
schools, and to the institution of chaplains in the
army and navy : beyond this, speaking more par-
ticularly of the Prison Ministers Act, as the last
instalment of justice and equality given to Catholics
in England. He expressed, moreover, the hopes
which the committee of inquiry held in 1861 on
the state of Catholics in workhouse has given of an
early provision being made for them.

At the close of this speech of the Cardinal's,
which etas listened to from first to last with marked
attention, being repeatedly interrupted with ap-
plause, and greeted at its close with a burst of accla-
mations, M. ECHOLVERT, a member of the Belgian
parliament, concluded the proceedings by a most
animated:speech, on religious liberty, or rather on the
wonderful effect of uniting religion and liberty, in
which he mentioned and quoted the Count de Mon-
talembert not less than six times, coram Pontifice.
And ended by instancing the United States of
America as a specimen of the thoroughly religious
national character produced by political liberty.
At seven o'c:cck.in the evening, the Count de Mon-
talembert delivered another address on religious
liberty as existing in Belgium, and showing that
Catholicity had never been so cruelly persecuted as
by. Protestant England and Revolutionary France.
He stigmatised Renan as " Ce protégé do Czeiar,"
giving the true key to the importance attached to
that writer's recent work against our blessed
Saviour.

After M. de Alontalembert's long and interesting
discourse, Poland had again the misfortune of being
inopportunely put forth for commiseration to a
wearied audience, by the Rev. P. Lesccour, of the
Paris Oratorians, and so ended our day's work.

L'Opinion Nationale of to-day remarks in re-
gard to the speech of his Eminence—briefly referred
to above by our correspondent—" Cardinal Wiseman
in his address on Friday at Malines gave a sharp
lesson to the ultramontane clergy in general. He
showed that he himself was in no way disposed to
condemn or to reprobate, in the presence and hear-
ing of foreigners, either the men or the institutions
of his own country. He would in no way consent
to hurl anathemas against the Protestants or Pro-
testantism of England. He could in rio respect
treat them as enemies; but, on the contrary, he
rendered justice to their loyalty and to their gene-
rosity." "In England," he said, " the heart of the
people is full of prejudices in regard to the Catholic
religion ; but while we have confidence in the jus-
tice of our cause, we have also full confidence in the
justice of our fellow-citizens." " Behold !" ex-
claims L'Opinion .21'ationale, " noble language, in-
deed! And language that contrasts strongly with
those words of anathema and with those cries of
fury with which some of the high ultramontane
prelates of Rome, of Italy, or of France deafen the
ears of modern society, at the very time when they
are babbling the most noisily about their rights,
their liberties, and their progress."

Galignani of to-day observes upon these same
The most interesting incident in
proceedings :—"
the sitting of the Catholic Congress at Malines was
an address by Cardinal Wiseman on the civil and
religious position of Catholics in England. His
Eminence rendered justice to the uprightness and
generosity of the English people, and spoke in
warm terms of the conduct of 'the Govern-
ment. He remarked on the prejudices existing in
England egaiust the Roman Catholic religion, but
recognised the desire to act equitably towards that
form of worship, and mentioned the conduct of the
English Parliament in ordering an inquiry into the
claims of the Catholics, and the latter obtaining
justice from even the ultra-Protestant members of
the Parliamentary committee. A long address was
again delivered by Count do Montalembert on
liberty of conscience and its practical form and
liberty of worship. A proposal to found a Roman
Catholic academy was voted, and the creation of a
fund for carrying out the resolutions of the Con-
gress was decided on. The establishment of a
society of the former members of the University
of Louvain was determined on, the seat of which is
to be at Brussels. A proposal to invite the Catholic
press to abstain from giving reports of executions
was brought forward, but rejected, and a motion
for the better observance of the Eabbath was
adopted.

THE PRANKFORT CONGRESS.
FRANKFORT, Aug. 23, 3 p.m.

The Congress of Princes has held no regular
Sitting to-d y,u,d there. is bat little politic4LeYSti

of moment. The current report that three of the
German Sovereigns have rejected the Austrian pro-
ject of reform is unfounded ; but the Grand Duke
of Baden, the Duke of Saxe-Weimar, and the
Grand Duke of Oldenburg yesterday asked their
Federal allies whether they, by having affixed their
signatures to the letter of invitation to the King of
Prussia, had pledged themselves, or were believed
to have pledged themselves, to accept all the Aus-
trian propositions. As a matter of course, a nega-
tive reply was given to the question, and the illus-
trious personages who put it were reminded that in
the document in question it was simply said that
the Congress had accepted the Austrian proposi-
tions as a fitting basis for its deliberations.
The news of the day is, that the Bavarian
Chamber of Deputies has unanimously expressed
approval of the Austrian project of reform. The
Frankfort Abgeordnetentag (Congress of Deputies)
yesterday unanimously accepted the five proposi-
tions made by the managing committee, an analysis
of which was given yesterday.
Baroness von Bethmann'a rout came off with
great eclat. NOON:
One after another, without pomp or ceremony of
any kind, the German Sovereigns (with the excep-
tion of the Emperor of Austria) have " dropped"
into the Hotel de Russie, and they are now holding
a conference in the apartments of the King of
Hanover, who, half an hour ago, was smoking a
long German pipe in the courtyard.