The Sun.
London, England, 1830-11-27 00:00:00

far as the public taste is concerned; but the latter
are much wanted, and our author will satisfy the
most inquisitive on every topic of which he trtatt.
As a sample of the ptteiiphiet we give his obser,
%•attohb un

RELIEF FROM TAXATION.,
" If persons were not in debtor if the Stet ittelf were
not in debt, a rise in the ital 6 'ti;" money would produce
comparatively rule pressure. But the money-price of the
tkxed becoming every day less, while the money
amount of the tax remains the same, the latter presses
every day more heavily upon industry. To a person in
trade, however, a rise in the value Of &one)/ Makei
future returns unequal tts his present engagements, unless
he tan matte Op I),y increase in quantity for deficiency, in
price of the irtieles in ivhich he ,dealt. !tee we find
that our exports have nearly doubled wince tie year 1810.
But though 'etipnriers may be V,lio; relPtet: by getting back
upon tile 'ek!sorrealon the tax paid upon the article ex-
porter!, the producer for home consumption, and the home
consumer, are not so relieved. Either, therefore, so much
less must be consumed, and, by necessary consequence, so
much less must be produced, or the taxes must be dimi-
nished in proportioo to the rise in ,tll.. value of money.
By such tliiti4aOtN, the iivehtie will be a gainer ; for ss
peatltieire, in the case of exported articles, seek to matte
up by increase of quantity for decrease of prices, tin will
the producers for home consumption ; find in Proportion
as industry is relieved, the ineatin of eitiployment will be
increased, WA ietians of employment will furnish the
invians of additional consumption ; so that in place of fall.
ing off, the public revenue will be increased by the in-
creased amount of the smaller tix paid upon the increased
consumption.
" The administration which preceded the preterit Were
not_inattelatiVe Consequence,. Taxes producing
19s. Id. in 1820, were repealed in, and sub-
sequent to, 1822, before 1827. But the bite Ministry
outstripped their predecessors in this respect. By the
repeal of the leather and beer duties last session, relief has
been given to industry to an extent infinitely beyond the
amount of these taxes; tholigh these amounted to more
thah bile-half of the former sum. Much, however, yet
remains to he done. To give full effect to the repeal of the
beer doles in the making of a wholesome beverage, and
also for the improvement of the distillation of malt spirits,
the malt duty should be modified. The duties on glass,
soap, and candles should lie !evened ; and the duties on
brieka and tiles, and on printed cottons, should be alto.
gether repealed. When the taxes of excise shall be so mo-
dified as not to press upon inCustry, then the dutu s of
customs should be revised, Ito as to minister to the
comforts of the people, and to increase the etchatage
of the products of their industry spina articles im-
Ortrl ; but it is first of all necessary, by giving theft
additional employment, to give them the means of pur-
chasing comforts. The subject is of great importance,
and requires much consideration. We raise every year
between fifty and sixty millions in the shape of taxes. This
is a sum spared from the general returns of our industry,
tt hich, perhaps, cannot be less than at the rate of he or
six hundred millions per annum. But our debt is under
eight hundred millions ; and large as it is, it need to give
us no little concern, if industry were nut pressed upon in a
manner which, it is consoling to know, may be removed.
A landed proprietor *mild not think himself heavily bur-
thened, if his debt were less than the amount of two years'
rental of his ester. It is not, therefore, the want of
means, but the mal-conformation of them, that occasions
pressure; and this real-conformation consisfs chiefly in
vicious legislation, which deranges the application of
capital and the operation of industry, by the effects of our
corn and poor laws, and by levying taxes in a manner
which represses or limits industry."
The " Corn Laws," which form the next article
of discussion,. Will require it separate notice—the
subject being by far too involved for a summary like
the present—and we therefore pass on, for the pre-
sent, to the author's concluding observations, in
which we cordially join t—
" 1 have thus given a rapid outline of some of the lead-
ing topics which will come before the present Parliament,
for the purpose of showing that the question now is not,
who is for or against the Ministry ? but who is for or
against the best interests of the country ? The power of
prerogative was succeeded by the influence of patronage.
The efficacy of the latter has p issed away. What talent
can now attain for itself in this country is so much beyond
any thing in the gift of a Minister to bestow, that those
despise the gift who are most capable of rendering him
service. Ile must now look to the sound opinion of the
thinking part of the community. He may always rrly
upon it. But to possess it he must also deserve its sup-
port. Let the Members of the present Administration
take 'warning by what has befallen the Administration
they bane succeeded. If they take the course, and pursue
the measures necessary for the well being of the country,
they may retain their places, but if they do otherwise than
promote the interests of the country at Imge, without re-
gard to any other interest whatever, they will ere king
share the fate of their immediate predecessors."---Ahrning
Advertiser.

It will be seen, from what took place in the House
of Lords last night, that Elul Grosvenor conferred
a great benefit, not on the Lord Chancellor only,
but on the public generally, by putting a question,
in a friendly manner, to his Lordship, respecting the
-upposed change in his opinions, in consequence of
his elevation to the Woolsack. The Noble Baron
(Brougham) replied in a calm and dignified manner
which leaves nothing to be desired by his friends,
either on the score of discretion or of principle,
With respect to the former it will be observed in
proof, that he stated nothing as to the intentions of
the Government of which he is now a member;
while, with regard to the latter, nothing can be more
explicit, satisfactory, or characteristic. We refer our
readers, however,tot he speech of the Lord Chancellor,
as infinitely more satisfactory than any thing which we
could say on the subject.--Morning Advertiser.
When an inquiry into the state of the country
relative to the existing distresses were prayed for, in
numerous petitions to both Houses of Parliament,
last year, we supported the prayer of those petitions,
because we were of opinion that things could not
go on much longer as they had done for some time
without being productive of some great na-
tional calamity. We had seen accumulating eVi•
deuce, from day to day, of the increasing wretched-
ness and misery of the rural population. We had
seen that, whatever occasional and temporary gleams
of prosperity inspired with transient hopes the ma-
nufacturing .classes, the labourers in husbandry were
continually and progressively getting into a worse
condition. We entreated the Government over
tuid over again to inquire into the causes of the mi-
sery and privation which so severely tried the loyalty
and patience of vast masses of the people. We
strengthened our appeal by giving publicity to the
facts which, collected as they were from various
quarters, made it clear to all who were not incurably
infatuated, or wilfully blind, that poverty and de-
basement were extending their pestilent ravagea to
all parts of the kingdoM ; and that not only the com-
fort and iridepentleoce of the industrious classes had
perished from the land, but that the mnr.Xlity-s4e.
simple virtues—the sobriety and love of order which
had distinguished them, were rapidly disappearing
under the withering iofinerce of hopelessriegradat
Our arguments had no effect on politicians of narrow
minds and callous hearts ; and even almost all the
newspapers that had at first gained popularity by af-
fecting a zeal for the interests-and rightsof the public,
applauded the Government for their reckless disdain
of the petitions and sufferings. of the people ! Nay,
they went so far in their servile adoration of power
as to prostitute its smiles by flinging ridicule, or
pouring out abuse upon all Members of both Houses
of Peri:einem, :who performed the honest duty of
warning the Government of the danger of the
country, and advising them to take steps to avert it
before it was too late. Their prophecies, like those
of Cassandra, were equally remarkable for the
incredulity with which they were received, and the
accuracy with which they have been verified, The
Duke of Wellington and- Sir-Hobert Peel did not
think it necessary that Government should take any
step which would have the effect of showing the
people that Government felt-sympathy for their dis-
tress, although they could Hot afford them any
immediate relief. The men to whose- wisdom
the destinies of • the :ration were intrusted had
time enough to write volames of diplomatic
absurdity upon the affairs of Greece or Portu-
gal, or to regulate the little manontvres of official
intrigue, but they had no leisure to devote to an in-
vestigation of the causes of popular diatreis.
''
that subject they were stern,- cold, inexorable, and
the petitions of the people were eontumeliously
spurned. The conduct of the last Parliament may
be said to harp lode the people desperate although