The Sun.
London, England, 1863-07-08 00:00:00

lIIE'StiN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 8, 1863

of the efforts which had been made during the past
year on behalf of the distressed districts was hardly
known, and said that, including a sum of £150,000
employed in the prehase of food and clothing, the
total amount subscribed last year was no less than
remem-
L 1,900,000. This large sum, it must be
bered, is entirely exclusive of the efforts of private
bene-
volence will never be fully known. There still re-
mains,charity, whose extended and unostentatious
or in prospect of receipt, exclusive
iuut s
it06000f,00:7700
0 hand,
in
t
says Lord DEBBY,
the possession of the Mansion House Committee.
The amount given monthly in relief by the com
m
OO 0 t o
that
thiso .
But itt e
h s
enoblebeeearl warned
lordships
n reduced
tfromtheir
eir 9 Ecomparatively favourable state of things cannot be
the
has
hoped to continue through the coming winter,
allowing things to remain unchanged. A very able
and moderate letter of Sir J. KAY SHUTTLEWORTH,
-recently published, expresses simply and clearly the
grounds that the executive committee have for an-
ticipating a favourable conclusion to the present
difficulties, while they prepare at the same time for
a sharp struggle next winter. The inclement
season will drive home those operatives who have
been finding casual outdoor work in other districts,
while the numerous branches of employment opened
by the genial harvest season will of course be closed.
Yet the future of Lancashire is hopeful notwith-
standing. As Sir J. KAY SHUTTLEWORTH reminds
the public, the supply of cotton, if America does
not furnish it, will ultimately come from other
parts of the globe. The uncertainty of the war has
been a great drawback to change or improvement ;
but it will not block the way for ever, and however
severe the temporary pressure may be, we cannot
doubt that not only will our Lancashire cotton
trade revive with all its old spirit, but that it will,
as Sir J. K. SHUTTLEWORTH observes, be re-esta-
blished on a firmer basis than ever, because it will
no longer bo suffered to depend exclusively on one
source of supply. India, Africa, Queensland,
Jamaica, will be our safeguards against another
such emergency, if our manufacturers have learned
anything from the lessons of the past. We cannot
hope for any very great improvement in the state of
employment, says Mr. FARNALL, before this time
next year, and the necessity and utility of a bill
like that of Mr. VILLIERS' is manifest. It is most
gratifying to learn that no less than 47 local com-
mittees have been able to suspend their operations
for the present, both as the evident proof of the
diminished distress and the consequent saving of
the means in hand for the coming autumnal season.

Are the Southern States Rebels or not I

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sir,—The United States, unlike the United Kingdom,
are composed of several sovereign States, equal in honour
and dignity, which, by the will of the people of each State,
can adhere to, or separate from, the Federal Government,
by the Constitution, This was called by the late Dr. Chan-
ning "a league of sovereignties," and is admitted by the
letter of General Scott to the President, when advising him
to let the wayward sisters go in peace.

The Foreign-office is aware of this from the Federal
Government being unable to carry out international laws
in the case of South Carolina, the laws of that sovereign
State being paramount to those of the United States.
The Ashburton Treaty could not be signed by the Go-
vernment of Washington without the consent of the sove-
reign State of Maine being obtained.

Mr. Horace Greely says " the Southern States have every
right to secede, and to deny them that right would be
against all ideas of liberty and freedom." Now the
Southern States are not rebels bat Sovereign States con-
federated together for the public weal, and as such ought to
be recognised by the Great Powers of Europe, differing in
this respect from colonies or subject states.
The speech of the Chancellor of the Exchequer must
have a telling effect on the debate. He stated boldly that
reunion was impossible ; that the North was fighting for
au object unattainable; that to do so was criminal.
Now, if such be the case, as 99 out of 100 Englishmen
admit, why not recognise the South, and thus prevent in
1864 the repetition of the years 1861, 1862, and 1863, with
all their carnage—desolation and but ning of cities and
towns, and wasting of whole districts of country. With-
out recognition, the war will last for years—with recogni-
tion, the verdict of the public opinion of Europe, the war
would be brought to an immediate close.
We all say recognition must take place. If it does at
once it will benefit North and South.

Humanity, justice, international law, and self-interest
call on the House of Commons to support Mr, Roebuck's
motion--the power of slavery will be reduced, and the North
become a free State indeed.

X. Y. Z.

Hudson's Bay Company versus the Crown

and Canada.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.

REVOLUTION IN GEORGIA.

VIENNA, JULY 8.

The Vienna papers of to-day publish a telegram
from Constantinople confirming the news of the
outbreak of a revolution iu Georgia (the Russian

province in Asia).

Prince Cholakoff, with 200 soldiers, had been
wounded near the citadel of Zalatai.

The Tartars had joined the insurgents.

EGYPT.

The Nord states that the correspondence between
the French Government and that of Turkey relative
to the Suez Canal is still actively carried on. It is
believed that only one of the several conditions laid
down in the circular of the Turkish Government is
now maintained. Ismael Pasha demands that the
clause conceding the lands bordering the fresh-
water canal to the company shall be annulled.

The Nord asserts that the French Governmeni
will not annul any of the existing conditions.

FRANCE,

BOURSE, July 7.—The market continues firm, but
without, up to this hoar, any further advance,
Threes, for the Account, being unvaried at 68f. 75c.
Railway Share Market quiet, and without much
change. The market closed as follows :
lt per Cents. 96 85 Italian Loan 72
Do. end month.... '— Do. end month 72
3 per Cents
Do. end month.... 68 60 Do, end month 72
Credit Mobilier.... 1197 50 Russian
Do, end m0nth....1192 50 Austrian .. —
Bank Shares 3405 Spanish Threes.,, .. 53
Credit Fancier 1332 50 Rome Debt .. 5l

_ CrP
6rirt

HER, MAJESTY,

OSBORNE, July 7.

The Queen, accompanied by the Princess Louise
and Princess Leiningen, drove out in a carriage and
four yesterday afternoon.
Lord Alfred Paget attended on horseback.