The Sun.
London, England, 1863-12-12 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, PECEIVIBER 12, 1863.

DO NOT FORGET YOUR APPOINTMENT.
—We Sup at EVANS', Covent-garden, alter Jullien's
Concert.
Fairest and most interesting of Cabbys—Drive Country
Gentlemen to the Rue de liydney, Covent-garden.

lIINAHAN'S LL WHISKY v. COGNAC
BRANDY.
This celebrated Old IRISH WHISKY rivals the finest
FRENCH BRANDY,
It i Pure, Mild, Mellow, Delicious, and very Wholesome.
Sold in Bottles, 3s. Bd., at the Retail Houses in London ; by
the Agents in the principal towns in England ; or wholesale
at

R, GREAT WINDMILL-STREET, W.
Observe the Red Seal, Pink Label, and Cork branded
"Kinahan's ILL Whisky,"

PARIS.-GRAND HOT EL DU LOUVRE.
Established in 1855.—Situated in the most Central
part of Paris, Rue de Rivoli and Place du Palais Royal—Six
hundred Bedrooms at from 3 to 20fr.-60 Sitting-rooms at
from 4 to 20fr. —a richly decorated Dining Saloon—Table
d'Hote at six o'clock—Public Coffee and Dining Rooms—
Choice Wines—Dinners served a la carte both in the dining-
rooms and the private apartments—Reading and Conversa-
tion Saloons; also Saloons for Musical, Wedding, and other
parties—all Newspaper. and Serial Publications received—
Divans, Coffee, Smoking, and Billiard Rooms- numerous
Bath-rooms—Carriages on the premises—first-class Private
Equipages at command—Omnibuses running to all the rail-
way stations —Postal Letter-box—Telegraph office day and
night—Photographic studio—a staff of Servants speaking all
Languages.

MR. REARDEN, LAND ESTATE. and
HOUSE AGENT, SU RVEYOR and VALUER, 91
and 92, PICCADILLY, near Cambridge house, opposite the
Green-park, Established 23 Years, respectfully invites the
particulars of Landed Estates, Farmi, and House Property
for Sale, to be Let, or wanted to Rent or Purchase, for which
no charge is made unless a treaty is concluded, and then
only his usual rates of charge, particulars of which will be
given on application. In all cases of his Letting Farms fur.
Peardon charges tee Tenant only, and not the Landlord.
articulars of Property for Sale and to be Let will be given
personally. or forwarded free of charge. N.B.—Several Town
and Country ResidenceS, Landed Properties, and Farms
wanted to Rent and Purchase immediately.

this time at Christchurch, except Sidney Herbert, '
who was at Oriel—Canning, Gladstone, Lord
Lincoln, Ramsey, George Cornewall Lewis, Bruce.
The latter, the subject of this notice, took a first
class in Literis liumanioribusin 1832, and was shortly
afterwards elected Fellow of Merton College, pro-
ceedin g M.A. in 1835. But a new career was soon to be
open to him. George, Lord Bruce, his half-brother,
died unmarried in 1840, and the young Fellow of
Merton became heir to the earldom. In the fol-
lowing year he stood at the general election in the
Conservative interest for Southampton ; and his
success was one of the first fruits of Sir Robert
1)

'eet's tactics—the votes being for Lord Bruce (Tory)
648, for Mr. C. C. Marty n (Tory) 645, for Captain
Mangles (Liberal) 554, for Mr. E. J. Hutchins
(Liberal) 552. Ile was early called upon to prove
his mettle in the House. Lord Melbourne's
Ministry, long moribund, had thought fit to appeal
to the country for a verdict in their favour, which
had been denied them by the House of Commons,
with universal approbation. Sir Robert Peet had
now a chance of his revenge, and of realising the
results of his memorable cry, " Register ! register !
register !" Oa the address Mr. Stuart Wortley
moved, and Lord Bruce seconded, the famous
amendment which brought the Viscount to the mis-
hap which even his friends had long foreseen. Lord
Bruce said that, as representing an important com-
mercial town, he would not be silent at such a crisis.
eHe attacked the Ministry for retaining office, and,
while it was notorious that they did not possess the
confidence of the country, for allowing the stream
of dignities and emoluments still continually to
well forth, and to well forth, as copioasly as, if not
more profusely than, before. Did Lord John Russell
say a word about surrendering his trust, having lost
the reality of power ? In reference to an indignant
remark of some Whig member about public honesty
and candour, Lord Bruce replied with spirit and
force, "In a day when all monopolies are denounced,
I must be permitted to say that to my mind the
monopoly which is most intolerable and odious is
the pretension to a monopoly of public virtue." This
remark was a home thrust. In the Lords the verdict
had long gone against the Ministry by a majority
0f72; in the Commons the division showed a
majority of 91.
Lord Bruce did not retain his seat in the House
of Commons long, as his father's death and his suc-
cession to the title took him from the House. In
1842 he became Governor of Jamaica—a trouble-
some office—on the nomination of the present Earl
of Derby. His predecessor in this office was Sir
Charles Metcalfe, whose popularity had been so
great that a new parish in the island was named
after him. During the four years that he held office
he carried out a conciliatory policy, such as had
endeared his predecessor to the people, and showed
both judgment and good feeling as well as sagacity
in developing the resources of the island.
Though a Conservative, he was appointed by Earl
Grey, Colonial Secretary in Lord John Russell's
Ministry, Governor-General of Canada in 1846, in
succession to Lord Cathcart. His chief troubles in
Canada arose from his unflinching impartiality, and
his determination to deal with both the vexatiously
hostile sections of the Queen's subjects—the Upper
and the Lower Canadians—on a footing of equality.
After the rebellion of 1837-8 the Upper Canadians,
who were loyalists, demanded and obtained com-
pensation for their losses; the Lower Canadians were
refused, as the rebellion was chiefly fomented and
notoriously supported by them. When Lord Elgin
was compelled by an adverse ote of the Assembly on
his Ministers to form an administration from the
French section of the community, the Lower
Canadians determined to take their revenge,
and accordingly they brought in their bill of
indemnity. Great excitement prevailed in Mon-
treal. When the Governor-General gave his
assent to the bill the loyalists showed their
loyalty by huoting the Queen's representative, by
burning down the Parliament house, by setting
some valuable libraries on fire, and by summoning
an inflammatory meeting for the purpose of procur-
ing the recall of Lord Elgin, as having "seriously
impaired her Majesty's royal authority, and endan-
gered the peace and tranquillity of the province."
Her Majesty's Government replied to this demon-
atration by creating (1849) the obnoxious Governor-
General a peer of the United Kingdom, as Baron
Elgin of Elgin. The Governor-General soon entirely
reversed, by his sound wisdom and calm judgment,
the unfavourable opinions of the Canadians; and
he left his high office with universaleateem, having
also acquired the respect and approbation of the
Home Government, and of six successive colonial
secretaries, for his unrivalled administrative capa-
city. He had promoted the best interests of Canada,
he had developed its commercial and agricultural
resources, and he was the author of the famous
reciprocity treaty with the United States of June
5, 1854. He returned from Canada June 9, 1855,
was appointed Lord-Lieutenant of Fifeshire, and
was entertained at a splendid banquet, attended by
men of all parties in the State.
His lordship was at home but for a few years. Troubles
arose in China towards the end of 1856, which caused a
second war with that country, besides convulsing parties
at home, and plunging the nation into the muddy whirl-
pool of a general election—all on account of the lorcha
Arrow, which the Chinese boarded as a vessel under
native register, and the British, impersonated by Sir
John Bowring, a distinguished member of the Peace
Society, claimed as bearing the British flag. It is
little use telling once more the disagreeable tale of the kid-
nappings and assassinations by the Chinese, and the hunt-
ing down of the Chinese in their creeks by the British.
Lord Elgin, a man of singularly impartial and judicial mind,
was sent out as special Ambassador in 1857. At Galle he
met General Ashburnham, who startled the party with an
alarming story of the disaffection of the North-Western
Provinces of India. At Singapore he took it on himself to
divert British troops on their way to China, and sent them
on to India, while he himself resolved not to leave Singa-
pore till ample and complete arrangements had been made
for the transmission of this force to the scene of mutiny.
Vessels also were specially sent by his lordship's orders to
the Straits of Anjier to divert the transports of the 90th and
82d Regiments, so as to avoid the detour through the
was not
h Hong likely
wKong,
ere three courses open
o
Straits of Malacca. After providing completely against
the contingency of a rebel attack at Calcutta, Lord Elgin
went on to China, and arrived at Hong Kong on the 6th
of July. The resistance of Delhi was prolonged, and the
t
rebellion rapidly spread throughout India.
joißanrohnisGEgrons,ltihshe
atoo
LlFrencheoargduPlenipotentiary,
forElgin—to
to take Canton,
or to render an important service to Lord Canning at Cal-
cutta. Ile chose the third course. Within 36 hours after the
disastrous intelligence from India had been received Lord
some
remain months.
at There
Elgin was on his way to India, on board the Shannon, com-
manded by the noble and still lamented Captain William
Peel. Arrived at Singapore, his lordship was encouraged
in his resolves by a flattering adds ess from 28 leading
English merchants at that place, cordially concurring in
the steps he had taken to divert the expeditionary army.
Here he heard the awful details of the massacre at Cawn-
pore. Within 21 hours 400 tons of coal were taken in, 300
men of the troops wrecked in the ill-fated Transit were
picked up, and his lordship telegraphed to Lord Canning his
imminent arrival with 1,700 men, including the blue-jackets,
for the defence of Calcutta. Lord Elgin was received en-
thusiastically at Calcutta, and he remained there till his
Chinese force was replaced by 1,600 marinas. He arrived
at Hong Kong again, after a voyage of 17 days, on the
20th of September ; on the 16th of October his colleague,
Baron Gros, also arrived. All the world knothi the story
of Chinese treachery, and the consequent bombardment of
Canton. The Chinese accounts of Lord Elgin, and their
treatment of him and Baron Gros, are characteristic. A
spy was placed on his movements, to record the daily exer •
cise of the troops, to watch his lordship's countenance, to
mark the number of the British ships, and so on. Yeh
told Lord Elgin once that Canton was not to be opened by
treaty, and advised him to " adopt the policy of Bonham,"
so that, like that worthy but not astonishingly great Go-
vernor of Hong Kong, he might " get the Bath." Lord
.Elgin's life was only saved at Mang-ga-ta by French men-
of. war ; his lordship was " grateful to Go-loso-lun (Baron
Gros) and merrily feasted him, praying him to drink wine
with him." " Elgin passed day after day at Hong Kong,
stamping and sighing." That must have be an uncommonly
peculiar scene in which his lordship took the chief part on
the 4th June, 1858. Kweiliang and Rwa.Shama, two pleni-
potentiaries of high rank, arrived at Tien-thin to confer with
the two foreign 6' barbarians." Lord Elgin met the; two
celestials in a joss-house. Lord Elgin's powers were first
read out to the Chinese, Who eagerly listened while the

royal reporters crowded Sound the distinguished group to
catch the words. When the Chinese powers were read in
turn, "every mandarin's eye," says Mr, Oliphant, "kept
slily turning towards Lord Elgin as his look grew more and
more severe" when he heard that the commissioners were
empowered to do anything which might not infringe on the
dignity of the Celestial Empire, When this document had
been read, Lord Elgin sternly ordered his chair, and told the
astonished Chinese that their commission was unsatisfac-
tory. His lordship was again besieged by Keyin_,
is but in
vain, inasmuch as among the papers of the captive Yeh
had been found a letter from this worthy to the Emperor,
advising him not to bind himself to the treaty of Nankin of
1843. So vigorous and so firm was Lord Elgin that Key-
ing was at once disavowed and recalled, better counsels
prevailed with the Emperor, and on the 26,h of June—the
15th anniversary of the exchange of the ratifications of the
treaty of Nankin between Sir Henry Pottinger and Keying
—the treaty was at last signed.
up the odious monopoly which had excluded all foreigners
except the Dutch from commerce or intercouree with that
From China Lord Elgin went to Japan, hoping to break
unknown land. His excuse for entering Japanese waters
was the presentation of a steam yacht to the Emperor Of
Japan. He reached Nagasaki on the 3d of August, and
was joined the day following by Admiral Sir Michael
Seymour with two men-of-war. He went up the gulf of
Jeddo to Jeddo in the new yacht. Beyond Kanagawa,
however, no foreign vessel was allowed to pass, and here he
found at anchor the Russian squadron which had preceded
him from the Chinese waters. Still Lord Elgin's little
fleet went on till it came to a line of forts erected for the
seaward defences of Jeddo, and anchored a mile and a half
from the city. The Japanese were thunderstruck at the
apparition. Boats were sent off begging Lord Elgin to re-
turn at once to Kanagawa; but there was no help for it, so
the Japanese ceased to interfere. The flotilla passed up to
Jeddo in royal state, four paddle-box boats, each with a -
pound howitzer in her bows, enclosing the Ambassador's
barge—the officers all in full dress, the band playing God
Save the Queen. The Treaty of Jeddo was signed on the
26th of August, 1858. How it was kept on the side of the
Japanese recent events have shown only too plainly.
Lord Elgin, having returned home, took his seat in the
House of Lords on the first day of the session of 1859. He
had been made a G.C.B. in 1858, and a D.C.L. of Oxford
two years previously, at the Grand Commemoration. Lord
Derby was now Prime Minister, and highly complimented
him on "the zeal, (kill, and ability" with which he had
fulfilled his functions, adding, that he congratulated him-
self on having introduced Lord Elgin to public life. Lord
Grey said that he had appointed him to Canada, imagining
that this was the office to which Lord Derby alluded ; but
Lord Derby, undoubtedly, when Sir R. Peel's Colonial
Secretary, took Lord Elgin from private life, and sent him
to Jamaica.
When Lord Palmerston came into office Lord Elgin ac.,
cepted the office o Postmaster. General. In 1860 it was
again necessary that the Emperor of China should be
compelled to fulfil the engagements into which he had en-
tered with the British, but which he was determined, if
gitnillwsenept
September, errtlaBinwin. g theon
er•ljoGernderEali
his voyage he was shipwrecked at Ceylon, and had a nar-
poffioscseibloef,
rtoosetvmaadset.
row escape from death, but was put on board another
vessel, and proceeded to Hong Kong, and then to Shanghai.
The Taku forts were taken, the Chinese submitted them-
selves, and in November, 1860, the allied forces left Pekin.
In January, 1862, Lord Elgin was selected with uni-
versal approbation to succeed Lord Canning, his friend and
schoolfellow, as Governor-General of India. How he has
pacified angry feelings, established loyalty among doubt-
ful chiefs, promoted education, furthered religion without
offending the faith of the natives-111 these things are
matters of recent history. Though his viceroyalty has
been short, it will have left its mark for good in Indian
history, and few Governor-Generals will have earned a
higher character for hearty zeal and warm liberality, as
well as for consummate administrative ability, than the
Earl of Elgin.
Lord E 'gin could hardly be called a great orator. In
truth he had little opportunity of either showing himself or
making himself an orator, since his services were chiefly
administrative and in distantcountries, while,when in Eng-
land, he rarely spoke in the House of Lords, in which he
had a seat for 14 years. One speech of his, however, must
be noticed, in which he displayed that entire freedom
from partisanship and that true patriotism which distin-
guished his whole career. When Lord Ellenborcugh
moved his famous "grandiloquent" resolutions of the 14th
of May, 1855, in favour of a more vigorous prosecution of
the Crimean war than he thought the Liberal Ministry of
Lord Palmerston had urged on, Lord Elgin, then, as ever,
a moderate, but independent Conservative, felt himself
bound to interpose in favour of the Government. He made
the best speech of the day by far, at times rising even to
eloquence. Beginning with the admission that, from
having been so many years absent in the foreign service of
the Crown, he was nearly a stranger to the proceedings of
Parliament, his lordship mentioned his present relations to
the Ministry. Not very long back, he said, he had thought
it his duty to state to Lord Palmerston that he was resolved
to maintain an independent position in Parliament, and yet
his desire and intention, subject to that qualification and
reserve, were to support the Premier, not only because on
questions of public policy his sentiments coincided with his
lordship's, but because he owed to Lord Palmerston and
his colleagues a debt of obligation for the support they had
uniformly given him at critical periods in his foreign career.
It was true, he must owr, that the successes of the Minis-
try, whether in the Crimea or elsewhere, had been few ; and
the germ of his hope in Lord Palmerston had not yet ripened
into public confidence. The resolutions spoke of "firm
alliances of brotherhood in arms of a sympathetic and
enthusiastic people." Was there no word of regret " for
national friendships of old standing broken, for desolation
carried into thousands of happy homes, for Europe in arms,
Asia agitated and febrile, America sullenly expectant ?"
The grandest sentence was that in which Lord Elgin, in
earnest tones, contrasted the devotion of our soldiers and
sisters of charity with the unpatriotic conduct of certain
people who sat at home at ease," not far, perhaps, from
their lordships' house. After speaking of the gallantry of
the soldiers of all ranks, he said:—" To look to another
quarter, to contemplate another class of virtues which are
not less essential than those to which I have referred, to
the happiness and glory of nations, I have heard from en-
thusiastic, even bigoted, votaries of that branch of the
Christrian Church which sometimes prides itself on having
alone retained in its system room for the exercise of the
heroic virtues of Christianity—l say I have frequently heard
from the frank admission that the hospitals at Scutari have
proved that the fairest and choicest flowers of Christian
charity and devotion may come to perfection even in what
they are pleased to call the arid soil of Protestantism.
People at home should show the same indifference to small
and personal motives, the same generous patriotism, the
same disinterested devotion to duty which have charac-
terised our soldiers in the field, and the women of Eng-
land at the sick bed." The following year, about the
same time (May 27) his lordship spoke somewhat em-
phatically in deprecation of the despatch of 10,000
troops to Canada, and the general increase of the mili-
tary establishments in British North America, as if is
anticipation of a war with the United States, which
had just voted a million with apparently warlike de-
signs. Re said he had seen a great deal of the people of
the United States during his administration of Canada,
and lie spoke in the interest of the North American colo-
nies, which would be the first to suffer from war. He
deeply regretted the unfriendly feeling which existed be-
tween the two nations—but he insisted that only the
governing classes of America, chiefly foreigners or of
foreign extraction, and of no very reputable character, were
our enemies; whereas the better classes, who abnegated
their duties as citizens, and allowed Irish rowdies to govern
them, were anxious to continue on friendly relations with
us. Beyond a short explanation of his treaty with China
after this, we do not find that Lord Elgin took part in the
proceedings of the Upper House.
We have already mentioned his lordship's first marriage.
He married secondly, Nov, 7, 1846, on the eve of his journey
to Canada, Lady Mary Louisa Lambton, eldest daughter of
one of the most eminent and most unfortunate GOVerIIOIII-
- of that Province—John George, first Earl of
Durham, G.C.8., previously Ambassador at St. Peter
burg, and Lord Privy Seal in the first Reform GovEeruarl
ment, at the head of which was his father-in-law, an _ a
Grey. By her he has had issue, with two other son:aradat
daughter, an heir, Victor Alexander, Lord
Brueman'd estates
Montreal in 1849, who succeeds him in the title a
grap.
Most Londoners are familiar with the pleaosiltanta 4
bend-
in many shop windows of the venerable-1 arepntly, in his
ing over a little boy, and helping
biullt:starious Viceroy and
studies. It is a photograph of the
hil
e to his liberality,
of the successor to his title—let us
selofifeacrificing devotion
his unsullied character, his noble se
Elgin has as much died
to the welfare of his country.
soldier who has fallen on a
for his country as any brave
consolation that his country
field of battle, with the only
life in administering her great
will honour him who lost his life
arms
preserved it—
empire equally with
Kalovthose
rrpoprixourt rem;
" TEOvclpavat 7AP , ircirptBt papvci EVOI ""a
ilyaßov irePtg
fight for England,
Lord Elgin fought the good and he has
fallen among the foremost of the great champions of her
sovereignty.

THE "c"
ot hf etrht
the Duke
r obu been NUT TREE IN ENGLAND.--This
b
Europe, has at length been enabled to yield its
land's garden at Sion House there is a beautiful specimen of
this graceful palm, with a nut securely set, and advancing
elvhcoie nhserhvaatsoryhi
steadily to maturity. It has been obtained from a flower
i lief N universallyo
Northumber-
land's tl aum br
barren n -
which opened last July, and it nuw measures 101 inches in
CireUrafereWes
fruit.
tlrneet,h