The Sun.
London, England, 1839-02-25 00:00:00

ST. MARTIN'S-IN-THE FIELDS.

(Owing to the crowded state of our columns, we have
not been able to insert the following report till now.)
A vestry meeting was held on Thursday at the Vestry
Room, of the parish of St. Martin's-in- the. Fields, which was
very numerously attended.
The object of the meeting was to take into consideration
the matters contained in the following Requisition, addressed
" To the Churchwardens and Overseers of the Parish of
St. Martin's-in. the- Fields, Westminster.

" We the undersigned request you will, as early as pos-
sible, call a Public Vestry, to take into considQration the
late extraordinary proceedings at Bow-street, particularly
relative to the Emigration or Transpoitatiun of Pauper
Children to Africa; also the sending of a man, who had
for many years been an inhabitant of this parish, together
with his wife, an Englishwoman, to Cuik, without any
means of subsistence, where they must have perished, but
for the humane interference of the Mayor of Cotk; send-
ing any Pauper under such circumstances, being particu-
larly disgraceful, and by no means calculated to place the
inhabitants of St. Martin in a respectable point of view to
the whole people of Ireland."
The requisition was signed by about forty parishioners.
At eleven o'clock the Chair was taken by the Vicar, the
Rev. Sir HENRY DUKINFIELD.

Mr. R. S. Wit.es said he was sure, after what had ap-
peared in the public papers, relative to the proceedings of
the Board of Guardians in that parish, that the meeting
would consider he had merely done his duty in calling the
attention of his fellow-parishioners to the subject. Before
he commenced his observations, he would read the resolu-
tion he intended to submit to them—" That this Vestry
view with regret the frequent collisions which the execu-
tive of the parish of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields have had
with the destitute poor before the Police Magistrates at
the public-office at Bow street." The first case to which
he would draw their attention was that of a woman named
Callagban,who was confined in their workhouse, and allowed
by her husband 18s. a month. She wanted to get out, and
was not permitted. There was also the case of Rickey,
an Irishman, whose wife was an Englishwoman, whom the
Board of Guardians thought it better to have removed to
Ireland. lie (Mr. Wilks) could not see the wisdom of
that proceeding, and when the two persons get to Cork a
great sentatise was produced ; and it appeared to him that
the affiir by no means redounded to the credit of St.
Martin's in•the-Fields. The next was the well-known
case telating to the alleged kidnapping of a child named
Croker; and he wished to know how the parishioners
would like to have a leading article in the Times com-
menting with such severity on their proceedings.—(Mr.
Wilks here read the article to which he referred, and re-
marked that such things added not to the credit of the parish )
It appeared to him that the treatment of the poor was
anything but what it ought to be. The fourth case was
that which occurred on the 2d of Februery, and was that
of a young, healthy man, who applied at Bow-street for re-
lief, and was recommended by the Magisirete to go for a
soldier, because there was no u-e in sending him to the
orersecrs of the perish of St. M After some
further observations, Mr. Wilks moved his resolution.
Mr. Eeeis seconded the motion ; observing that he
had been induced to do so in order to give the pari-h
authorities an opportunity of vindicating themselves. He
then read a statement trom the Dispatch, relative to the
case of Croker. He wished to ask who among the pi-
riabioners had been to Africa to ascertain what sort of
treatment the children had there?—( Hear, hear. A voice
in the crowd—" I have.") Mr. Ellis inquired, " Are you
a parishioner ?" Answer—" I am." Mr. Ellis—Tnen
tell us by whist authority the children are sent
there ?"—( Cries of " No, no, that's not the ques-
tion.") When such statements appeared in the papers
without contradiction , he thought it but fur to give the
parties implicated an opportunity of vindicating themselves.
Mr. SIMPSON said he thought he had a right to complain
of the course pursued by the mover an-I seconder of the
resolution, who had in the requisition stated two cases, and in
their statements had brought forward two others, without
giving the parties concerned any notice. He did not
think such a proceeding honest, fair, cr just.—( Hoar,
hear.) But he did not on that account shrink from the
question. . He was glad the name of Callaghan had been
introduced for he was satisfied he could give a triumphant
vindication of the parish authorities towards that woman.
Her conduct had been to highly immoral and improper,
that her husband had been compelled to get rid of her ; he
went to the workhouse and said he would give whatever he
could afford, to have her taken in with a view to her re-
formation. After being discharged from the workhouse,
her husband was obliged to apply to have her sent there
again under similar circumstances ; and he then left the
coaetry, having gone on board the Hastings (which took
out the Queen Dowager) as steward ; he made his wife,
however, an ample allowance, but she not being able to
get spirits in the workhouse, wanted to get out, and to
leave her children behind. This of course was refused ;
and then she committed an offence, in order to be taken to
Bow- street. The Board of Guardians then let her go, and
she procured a situation ; but she was " kicked out" of that,
and became a suppliant to be again admitted into the work-
' house. With respect to the case as to which it was stated ono
of the Bow-street Magistrates had asserted that his recom-
mendation would -not be attended to by the parish autho-
r rifles, he (Mr. Simpson) denied that to be the case, and
l challenged either Mr. Twyford or Mr. Minshull to show
any case in which it had occurred.—( Hear, hear.) The
history of the girl, Louisa Croker, was this. She was
born in the workhouse, in March, 1826, and was admitted
into the workhouse, and discharged, upwards of a dozen
I times.—( Hear, hear.) He hoped Mr. Wilks had the
mother of the girl there, that the Vestry might judge from
her appearance end demeanor. Mr. Simpson then referred
to the documents which were submitted to the Magi,-
tra; es, on which he contended that credit could not be placed.
He contended that this letter, which he held in his hand,
and from which the date had been cut with a pair of scis-
sors, was written upon paper that had not been in use at
the workhouse for twelve months. A servant (of the work-
house, as we understood), had asked Hughes if he had
written to Croker's mother, and he said he had. He had
witnesses ready to prove this. He would prove to the
meeting, that in every instance where .the address of the
relatives of the children sent to the Cape was
known, those relatives had been consulted, and in
every instance in which they manifested any objection,
the children were kept at home. ( Mr. Simpson
here read several letters corroborating the statements be
had made.) The child Croker, had given its consent ;
he believed the mother had been written to on the subject.
had her address been known, most assuredly she would
have been. Indeed, the child had stated that she did
not know her mother was alive. With regard to
the treatment the children received at the Cape, no-
thing could -be kinder; they were apprenticed until they
were twenty-one years of age, or until they were married;
they were well-fed, well-lodged, and well-clothed,—until
they were• 15 years of age they received 4d. per week,
2d. of which was deposited for them in a Savings' Bank
—at 16 they received 6d a week, 4d. of which was de-
posited in the Saving's Bank—and at 19 they received
9d. a week, 6d. of which was deposited in the Savings'
Bank. (A voice in the crowd—" Money at the Cape is much
more valuable than in this country.") There was a Committee
at the Cape, whose duty it was to look after the children, and
they were also superintended by the Clergy sent out by the
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts.
(Mr. Simpson here read a letter he had received from one
of the children who had been sent out, expressive of gra-
titude for having been sent to the Cape.) A letter had
been written by a very extensive rate-payer to Mr. Le
Breton, asking whether it was not a miserably morbid
sympathy which would prefer that the pauper children
should become prostitutes in London, rather than settlers at
the Cape, and whether it was not better they should be sent out
as paupers at ten than transported as criminals at twenty.
A person in the crowd asked why the Guardians refused
before the Magistrates to return the child from the Cape,
and instead recommend the mother should go there?
Mr. SIMPSON-The refusal did nit emanate from the
Board, but from the Directors of the Children's Friend
Society.
Mr. RICHARD CORBETT, jun., thought the Guardians
had made due exertions to find out the mother of
the child. She had not left her address with the
Guardians. or with the Governor of the Workhouse,
but with a servant of the Governor's at Norwood. It was
her duty to have come to the Board of Guardians directly
she had heard of the circumstance ; and she would, in all
probability have been in time to have prevented her child
being sent away ; but instead of doing so, she went
about from office to office in order to get
up a case against the New Poor Law. Mr.
Cobbett then proceeded to vindicate the Children's
Friend Society from the aspersions which had been at-
tempted to be cast upon it. The indentures of the chil-
dren restrained the master more than the child, and con-
tained provisions seldom found in similar documents in this
country.
Mr. Wietss wished to know what this long rigmarole
statement had to do with the case.

The CHAIRMAN thought there ought to be full investiga-
tion, and therefore Mr. Cobbett was justified in reading
these extracts. He would correct a little exaggeration
which bad been made. The Society for the Propagation
of the Gospel in Foreign Parts had not sent out a gentle-
man purposely to be a Chaplain to these children, although
the circumstance of the presence of these children in the
Colony had been certainly a great inducement to act as
they had done.
Mr. COBBETT proceeded with bis statements as to the
moral and religious instruction of the children, and said
they had constant opportunities of returning at the expira-
tion of their apprenticeship as servants to families,
but very few of them ever expressed any desire of re-
turning. He then alluded to the circumstance of Crokcr
never basing made any inquiry after her child for three
years ; and in pronf of the confidence reposed by other
parishes in the Children's Friend Society, he read a list of
the subscriptions of the different parishes to that Society.
Mr. GovErs asked hos the Guardians could justify their.
conduct in the case of the woman Callaghan? If the work-
house were to be thus made a receptacle to which
husbands might send their wives on every disagreement, he
doubted not they would lr.ve numerous applicants. As the
Guardians had discovered a meats of geitirg rid of the
children by sending them to the Cape of Good Hope, he
suggested that they should
sending them to New Zealand.rid of the old people by
Mr. Churchwarden CUFF corroborated the state-
ments of Nlr. Simpson, as to the case of Cal-
lsgliao. Ai to the case cf Rickey, although he had
resided in the parish some years, lie had never acquired
any settlement ; and although he had received occasional
relief I)(2E:re, yet when it became probable that he would

la, come a permanent burden, it was the duty of the
Guardians to cause him to be removed. With rcspect to
what occurred during the removal, for that the Guardians
were not responsible, as he was removed by the county. As
to the wife, her settlement must follow her hush and. It v:as
said to be very inhuman in the Guardians to send this man
all the way to Cork, but it was very humane in the Ma) or
of Cork to send him all the way back again instead of send-
ing him on to Limerick.

Mr. Pwamert objected - strc.ngly to tr..nsporting the
children to the Cape of Good Hope.
Mr. Churchwarden STAUNTON said, if the Guardians
had not removed Hickey they would have had the woik-
house crowded with pauprs belong- to other parishes. His
wife had never been a parishioner of St. Martin's, and within
four years after their marriage they had applied for relief
The question of settlement had been decided in a similar.
case by the Judges in the Exchequer Chamber, when it
had been determined that the English wif of a Scotch or
Irish pauper must be removed, with her husband and the
children also, unless they have subsequently gained a set-
tlement. The fact was, the Magistrates nod the Lord
Mayor were sore at their loss of that power of which
they had been most properly deprived by the New
Poor-law Act, and which they Lad always used for
the purpose of embarassing the parish nuthori;k.s, arid
therefore they took every opportunity of showing their
dislike to that measure. Why did not the Magistrates, if
they felt such an interest in the subject, get a seat at the
Board of Guardians, where they would be enabl:d
to procure accurate information. With regard to the
hardships of Hickey's case, he would a-k did
that gentleman who had employed him fir twenty-four
years come forward to assist him in his distress.—(Cries of
" Not fair.")
The CHAIRMAN.—AIthough that is a question which
will naturally suggest itself to the mind of every one, yet
I do not see what it has to do with the purpose for which
we we are here assembied.

Mr. STAUNTON went at some length into the case of
Hickey, the pauper removed to Cud: ; if he was not in a
fit state to be removed, why, he asked, did tit:, Magistrates
sign the pass?

—Mr. PRICE, a rate payer, expressed his decided opi-
nion, that the Guardians had done their duty in re-
spect to the children sent to Cape Town. He knew
that settlement well, having resid,cl there a number
of years. It was one of the most virtuous and
moral places in the whole world. He had traversed the
streets of Cape Town days and days, and nights too,
without meeting with a single prostitute, although he would
not pretend to say there wrrs none there, as they existed
in all places. The children sent there by the Society were
treated with the utmost humanity and care. As far as re-
garded the transportation of the girl, as it was called, it
would have been better, perhaps, to have sent to the
Cape to ascertain whether she were inclio d to stop or
not.

Mr. SimrsoN said that had been already done, and she
wished to stay.
Mr. PRICE was not aware of that, as it had not been o',ll-
- stated, but he was pretty certain she wou'd not ac-
cept an offer to return. He proceeded to say, the CJr of
Good Hope equalled any portion of Europe. in regard to
the salubrity of the climate ; but, as for the " cannibal"
part of the case alluded to by a preceding speaker, you
must take a journey of 8 or 900 miles before you got
amongA the Caffres, who, he supposed were the parties
alluded to, and none but the old Dutch settlirs who lived
upon the frontiers ever had any dealings with them. The
best possible care was taken of the children, many of whom
were married to respectable industrious people, as soon as
they were of befitting age. If the children were sent to
Australia, instead of the Cape, he would be far from ap-
proving of it, for the whole c :untrv, and Sidney in particu
lar, was a mere sink of immorality and vice. Hickey's
case, was, in his opinion, a most cruel one, but it was the
law, of course, and, therefore, he could say nothing against
it. He knew enough of Ireland, however, to knew that it
was an act of humanity in the Mayor of Cork to raise
subscription to send him back to England, instead•of corn-
pelli rg him and his wife to find their way through bogs and
rearetes, a distance of 76 miles, to his own parish, where in
all pr'bability not a single individual knew him, and where
not the slightest r..lief vas to be had.
Mr. BAINBRICGE, surgeon, said he thought some decep-
tion had been practised by Hickey, as at one time he sod
he was afTheted with paralysis; if so, symptoms of it would
still appear ; but there was nothing of the kind; Hickey
was now fat and well. _ _

Mr. Poutsca.v, in a speech evincing much ability, said he
had been one of the very first to express dissatisfaction,
and therefore he considered it his duty now to say he
thought the Guardians completely justified. Ile thought
it, however, a very cruel thing that Scotch and
Irish paupers were allowed to work here tdl completely
worn out, and then were sent home to their OWn
country, where there was no provision for them, Ile had
a strong feeling that a remedy should be applied to this
state of things. In regard to the child Croker, in his opi-
nion the Guardians acted in the best possible way ; but
they ought to have searched out the parent, and had her
acquitscence. Mr. Pounce), concluded by moving the fol.
lowing amendment to the original motion :—" That this
Vestry having heard very fully a statement of all the cir-
cumstances attending the two cases referred to in the re-
quisition by which this meeting was called, are bound to
say the thanks of the parish and of the public generally
are due to the Beard of Guardians, Er the manly way in
which they have fulfilled their duty, by braving the abuse
thrown upon them on ex parte statements, by a part of the
public press, and for the humane and benevolent attention
they have shown to the pauper children entrusted to their
charge."
Mr. PHILLIPS, in seconding the amendment, said it was
a pity the Vestry had been called together on some vague
newspaper report, which, if inquired into, would have
been found as easily disposed of as it had now been. tic
much approved of a notice recently made by the Board to
the rate-payers, informing them that •tickets for food were
to be had on application to the Board. Ile thought it a
very humane proceeding.
The CHAIRMAN expressed his satisfaction at the courteous
way in which the business of the meeting had proceded.
Mr. HUBBARD, one of the rcquisionists, said the amend-
ment was satisfactory in every respect.
Mr. fluDsoN, one of the Guardians, gave some further
explanations, in regard to the cases which had been the
subjects of discussion; and said that every facility
had since been given to all parties concerned. The
Guardians were anxious at all times to befrie,;(l the poor,
whom they felt to be in most cases utterly destitute. and
that the only friends they had was the Board of Guardians.
Mr. Wit.as, in reply, defended the language of the re-
quisition. fie recommended Mr. Pounce)' to withdraw
his amendment, with which request that gentleman refused
to comply.

The amendment was then put and carried by a large
majority.
The CHAIRSIAN said he had not wished to express
any opinion respecting the Board of Gu•irdians before
the motion bad passed ; but be had ale aye found
they had conducted the affairs of the parish in the
most judicious way. It was to be rememberei that
they did not make the laws, and were not responsible
for them ; their only duty was to administer the laws.
lie considered it his duty to make this statement.
Mr. SiursoN then moved, and Mr. IlvosoN seconded,
a vote of thanks to the Vicar, for his able and impartial
conduct in the Chair; which was passed unanimously.
The Vestry then adjourned, at half-past one o'clock.

rim SUN, LONDON, MONDAY,-EVENING EDITI

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

ROLL'S II I? 7, 1711 i. 2.3.
The M.,ster of the Roils, af:er diTosiiig of the ren-n,in-
i.i.r petitions, proceeded with motions.

CIIAUTErc V. BUTTON.
The object of the motion in this case was to restrain the
de'endant from wing or working a furnace or gas appa-
ratus erected by him on the plan or principle of an inven-
tion, for which letters patert had been granted on the 26th
of June, 1823, to a Mr. Whiny. The phlitHas were the
assignees of the :avower, and the defendant was a cloth
dresser, carrying on business at Leeds. The plaintiff;
alleged that the defendant (fur whose trade it was neces-
sary that he should have rooms heated at a very high tem-
perature) had been accus:ormte to heat those rooms by
stoves of the old fashion until very recently, is the year
1335 or l t 37, wt.ca he fitted up an apparatus which
the plaintiff; coneetved was an imitation, and a piracy of
their invention. 'lnc great principle of the invention was
to burn coal, or coke,and the gas at the same time, so that no
gaseous ntatzer night escape in smoke.

Mr. l'EnnEsToN on behalf of the plaintiffs was proceed-
ing to opeo the case, vihen he was interrupted by
Mr. KINDERSLEY, a ho, Who Me. Koc, appeared for the
d. famdant. Th.,' Learned Gentleman said there were two
questions rai,cd, fist, as to the validity of the patent itself,
and, secondly whether the defendant had infringed it ; and
submitted whether it would rot be better that the case
should at once stand over, in order that the plaicailis might
bring an action at law. There were conflicting
alli-
davits, and his LO:alship would not be able to come to a
decision without some filthier inquiry. The defendant was
using two furnaces only, of the value of 171. each, and if he
was now prevented using them, the whole of his works
would be put a stop to.

Mr. l'imnEnToN observed that if the defendant was
allowed quietly to fro on with his two stoves, there were
hundreds, and perhapsr thousands of persons ;n Leeds
who would fullow his example, and thus the
plaintiffs would become great sufferers.
Lord LAsonALE-L-But probably they will not go on in
the face of an action.

Aster some further discussion the suggestion of Mr.
Kindersley was agreed to, and it was airanged that the
action should be tried at the neat Liverpool AgAizs.
ATTORNEY•GENERAL U. TILE CORPORATION OF COLCIIE9TER.

Mr. BLUNT moved that certain books, doctunents, &c.,
admitted by the defendants in their ansvter to be in their
possession, m'ght be left in the hands of the Clerk in
Court.

Mr. SPENCE opposed the motion. By the 65th sec-
tion of the Municipal Corp )ration Act, the Town-clerk
was made responsible for all the deeds, charters, books,
&c., belonging to the Corporation, and it would be most
inconvenient if the possession of them were parted with.
The plaintiffs, if they really wished the inspection, might
have it to the fullest extent, and fur all use!Ill purposes,
in Colchester. The affidavit of the Town-cle!k. Etstcd
that references were constantly being made to the books,
and that a great many parties would be put to inconve-
nience if they were brought up to Lontlitn.
Mr. BLUNT said—lnformations had been filed against a
great number of Corporations, and that it every corpora-
tion were to be allowed the indulgence asked for in this
case, the Attorney-General would have to employ clerks
to run about in almost every town in the kingdom.—(A.
laugh.)
Lord LANGDALE did not think the Municipal Act gave
Corporations that prr:tectiun against dt poFiting books, &c.
its the hands of the Clerk in Court which Mr. Spencer
contended for, but the party had sworn that the booka
were constantly wanted for the transaction of ordinary bu-
siness. If the Attorney- General found it necessary to file
so very many informations in relation to charity it atters
that he might have occasion to send parti, s to every town
in the king darn, he must take measures to meet any diffi
culties or inconveniences that mh;ht result therefrom.

IN SOLVENT COURT, FEB. 23.
BARON DR ARABIT'S CASE

This care, the hearing of which excited much interest,
came before the Court on Friday, and stood adjourned
Over till Saturday, fin• Mr. Bullock, the auctioneer; on
which Mr. Nicholls an I Mr. Douse appeared for the oppos-
ing creditors, viz., Mr. 13urnand, Mr. Holherton, Mr.
Paige, and Mr. Probytt, Manager of tire Provincial Branch
Bank of England at Exeter. The Baron's d,bts were
stated at between 4 0001. and 5,000/. Mr. Burnand, the
coachmaker, claimed 3001. ; Messrs. flolberton and Paige,
2001. and upwards for meat, &c. ; and the Branch Bank of
England, soul. Mr. Cooke appeared for the insolvent,
•:a ho underwent a long cross-ex Imina,tion by Mr. Nicholls.
The COMMISSIONER adjourned the case to the 15th if
March.

Mr. G. Probyn, of the Branch Bank, and Mr. Holben
ton, were app&nted assignees.

MIDDLESEX AD JOURNED SES
SIGNS.-(SATURDAY.)

John King was indicted, charged with having wilfully
sailed away and left bAind, on an Island in the Southern
Ocean, William Spratley, one of the crew belonging to a
certain ship, called the Kitty, of which the said John King
was master, on the Ist of July, 1837.
Mr. PRENDERGA ST stated the case, and said that the de-
fendant was the master of a ship called the Kitty, which
was engaged in the whale-fis"iery. The prosecutor was
one of those who had gone out on board, under the usual
arrangement for remuneration. The vessel went out in
performare of her avocation, to the Southern Ocran, and,
after having been absent from England two years, was
obliged to put in at the Island of Celebes for water.
Whilst off that Island, amongst the diffo-ent parts of it et
which the ship touchtd, was Amooran, a place distinguished
for the beauty and extent of the bay by which it is ap-
proached. Off that town the ship remained for some weeks
and took in water. Whilst there, the defendant had given the
crew leave to go ashore ; and upon one occasion had sent
the prosecutor offfor:,ome milk, with whicl he was to return.
The prosecutor, had not returned with the milk, but had
sent it by one of the crew. There being no other boat scat
rshore that afternotn, the prosecutor was unable to return
to the ship ; but on the following morning, when a por-
tion of the crew came for more water, he had offered to
assist in the operations, but the tender of his services had
been refused by the man who had the command of the
boat. He afterwards asked to be taken on board the ship,
but the same man had also declined to do that even. At
length the ship sat sail ; and, notwithstanding the prose-
cutor had gone off in a canoe fur the purpose of joining
her, the Captain had, although he had seen him with the
assistance of his glass, given orders for more sail to he
set, so as to get away the more quickly. The prosecutor
ultimately reached his native land in any way he could:
The Learned Counsel then called
The Prosecutor, who went into a long detail of the cir-
cumstances connected with the voyage, sail—l then
asked to b' taken on board the ship, but the steerer ra-
sused to let me go on board the boat. I subsequently saw
the Clotain on shore, but I did not speak to him or ask
him to take me on beard the vessel. On the succeeding
day I went up the country to procure ebony, and on
my return was taken prisoner and stripped by the
Malays. As it was getting dark when I was baing
stripped, I escaped amongst the branches. Eventually
I succeeded in making my way to the house of
the Commandant, where I was taken into custody and put
into the fort. I afterwards saw the Captain, who charged
me as being a deserter ; I said, on hearing the charge, that
I had not deserted, and demanded on what ground it was
that I hail been refused permission to return on board the
boat. The Captain, in reply, said, "Tut, tut, come on
board." I said, as I was a prisoner at that moment, the
Captain could do what he pleased with me : upon which the
latter added—'• You may go back to the fort and consider
of the matter." I was then conveyed back to the fort by
the Corporal; I did not go on board the vessel in the first
instance, because my feelings were so much exasperated
and outraged at the course of treatment I had received
from the Captain.
The Jury, after hearing further evidence, returned a
verdict of Not Guilty.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

/, A iIIBETILSTREET.,

Timothy Cotter and John Donavan, two young men,
were charged by Mary Anderson, a good-looking mar-
ried female, about forty years of age, with knocking her
down, and attempting to commit a capital offence. The
prosecutrix said that her husband had gone to the theatre
on Monday night with her children, and that she went
to the Gl.)be public-house to borrow a newspaper. and
there saw a workmate of her husband's named Ken-
nedy, with whom she took something to drink. On going
home the prisoners stopped her, and after knocking her
down, assailed her in the manner complained of. In their
defence the prisoners solemnly denied the charge imputed
to them ; they said, that seeing very improper conduct on
the part of the prosecutrix and Kennedy, who left the pub
lie-house with her, they threatened to tell her husband.
The prosecutrix no 1 Kennedy seemed much agitated at
this assertion on the part of the young men, and the pro-
secutrix pressed hard for the Magistrates to convict them
summarily, but the Bench committed them for trial.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.

(LLOYD'S.)

CUSTONI.HOUSE, Fee. 23.
HAVRE, FEB. 21.—1 t blew a gale last night, during
which the Waverly, from Mobile, 'arrived off here yester-
day, unshipped her rudder, and was obliged to cut away all
her masts.
I'ENsAeoLA, FEB. 15.—The M'Lellan, Ryan, from La-
guna to Cowes,
has put in here leaky.
- ZOLTKAMP, FEB. 16.—The Vrow Engclina, Vlas-
kamp, from
here with loss of mizenmast.
London to Bridle for Groningen, has put in

VESSELS SPOKEN ‘Vail.--The Calecionia, of and from
Stockholm, 14th inst by the George and Mary, Go.
l'ghtly, arrived at Portsmouth.

GRAVESEND, FEE. 22. Arrived the Swan, from
Kertch ; Magora, Odessa; Dove, Hendretta, and Joanna,
Gily.:•rdina, Rotterdam ; Wanev, Dnb!in. Feb. 21.—.
Sailed the Glasgow, for the Cape of Good Hope ;
Minn, Bahia ; Henry Tanner and John,Ccesar,
Barbadoes. Feb. 20.—Vibelia, Hobart Tow" ; Andrew
Demerara ; Tagm steamer, Lishnn, &c. ; Aide, Gresen,
RJtterdam; Eclipse, I, Ostend ; Sally, Boulogne.
Jamaica; Hebe,

ray, from Havre ; Dove, Galloway,
VESSELS ENTERED INWARDS. The John wood, fur-
ray,
Odessa; Swan, Carrington, Kertch ; Blen-
heim, Spine, Rotterdam.
ENTERED OUTWARDS. The Aimwell, Hesse, for the
Cape of Good Hope ; Sophie Le Maire, Calais; Bruges,
Woodruff, Antvverp;y of Amsterdam ; Nutgara,
~ou,ogne, Time, Boulogne;
Wm. Jolliffe. Pashley, Calais ; Britannia, Cheeseman,
Hamhurgh ; Victoria, Brudon .oitend.
CLEARED OUT, WITH CARGO. The Bruges, Woodruff,
for Antwerp ; City of Boutorfne, Time, Boulogne ; Vim.
Jolliffe, P,shly, Calais • SOphie. Maire, Calais ;
Pekoe, Cant"; Earl of Clor.eurry,
Rotterdam; Jonft,e Joanna,, Bergman. Antwerp ; Victoria,
Biudon, Ostsud; James Caskie, Young, Bost:m ; Clifton,

ON, FEBRUARY 25, k 39

Wenharn, St. Kitt's; Hope, Rains, South Whale Fishery
and Timor; Neptune, Bcre, Ostend; Marquis Cam-
den, Read; Madras, Calcutta, d China,
IN BALLAST. —The Iduria, Grmwold, for Danizlc;
Ellen, Putter. St. Michael's; Jonge Harm, Schrce'.er,
Rotterdam ; Onderocrp, Ki.nigsburg,

A HINT TO LANDHOLDERS AND

FARMERS.

The first and great question which is now agitating
the manufacturing,— mechanics, shopkeepers, and labour-
in e poor, is, how are they to procure bread for them-
Selves and their famdies ; and next, the exorbitant de-
mands that are now made upon them ? Wieit has
brought this immense population to the hour of want
and misery? is the next question. This is caused, first,
by the tithe, which increases with the improvement of the
country, as no one can improve waste land without
the Tithe Proctor pocketing the whole profits arising
from it, thus keeping up a constant bickering between
the parson and tenants. The second cause is the
cruel policy of laying down the land in permanent pas-
tures, and allowing it to remain until the whole of the
salts and alkalies are extracted from the soil and the
surface overrun with poisonous plants and insects,
diseasing the stock by bloating them up with actil fat.
I have constantly observed that fat animals perish in
the extremes of heat and cold. Heat melts the oil, and
their bodies run off in a state of fusion. In cold weather
the internal heat is not sufficient to prevent the conden-
sation of the fat, and consumption of the lungs is sure
to follow ; and what is worse, the disease is communi-
cated to the inhabitants. In order to demonstrate the
propriety of ploughing up the old grass land and routine
cropping the soil, I will point out some remarks from the
Agricultural Report for the year 1834, which states that
there were 32,000,000 acres of hind under cultivation
or capable of being cultivated, 3,250,000 acres were
employed in the growth of wheat, the remainder for
other crops, 6,000,000 acres of waste land ; but it
was stated that it was not advisable to bring the waste
lands into a state of cultivation, because it was neces-
sary to keep up the price of corn. There are 17,000,000
acres of the amount in pasture land. To convince
the landholders of the practicability and neces-
sity of adopting the routine cropping and soil-
ing or feed.ng the stock with mowing grass, I
will point out the various experiments mad in the
county of East Lothian under the auspices of Sir John
Sinclair, Sir Arthur Young, Mr. Rainey, Dr. Anderson,
and others, for the purpose of ascertaining the compa-
rative merits of routine cropping, soiling, and pasturing
husbandry. Ten acres were pastured ; the animals were
weiehed before being put in the pasture ; they
gained 1921b5. avoirdupois weight per acre per annum
of beef and mutton. Upon the supposition that, a
healthy person requires one pound and a-half per day to
support him, this would be consumed in 128 days.
Cattle and sheep soiled in the produce of an acre of
ground yield 400Ibs. of beef and mutton, which
would maintain double the number of men that pas-
turing would ; and soiling is a more cleanly way of
feeding stock. In Belgium the process of soiling is gene-
rally adopted, and their butcher-meat and butter is
infinitely superior to ours, and more than double the
quantity raised from the same surface of land ; if this land
were converted into tillage, three or four times the num-
ber might be fed on its produce, as will appear from the
following calculation then made by three different farm-
ers. The corn raised on such land was 48 Winchester
bushels per acre, which was considered a low estimate.
When we deduct four bushels for seed, six bushels for
labour and horse feed, allowing the average weight to
be 4001bs. per quarter, it gives 19,000 lbs. weight of bread
corn for the use of the people. When we estimate that
one-fourth of.the quantity goes for bran, pollard, and
waste in the manufactory, the remainder amounts to
1,4251b5. weight of flour or meal, to be used as bread
and other purposes, which, at z lbs. per bead, will sup-
ply food for 475 people for one day, instead of 128.
The comparison would he more striking were it ex-
tended to potatoes and other esculents, which of course
would form a part of every rotation; were convertible hus-
bandry introduced. None but those who have tried it
can be sensible of the vast improvement made by
routine cropping. If two millions of acres of old til-
lage land were sown down, and the like extent of old
pasture land broken up, an additional supply of not less
than four million stones of beef and mutton would
thereby be thrown into the market ; in short, were al-
ternate husbandry generally exercised in Britain, two
millions of people might be advantageously employed
iu bringing the soil to a proper state of cultivation,
and have the resources of the country calle I into
acC.on, that are scattered over the kingdoms of England
and Scotland, and particularly Ireland, so admi-
rably calculated to rectify the worn out soil. Provi-
sions might be obtained to supply our hundreds of tail-
lions of people, however chimerical it may appear to the
eyes of landlords and farmers. I will appeal to the
Jews while under the Theocracy, the Romans while
under the Commonwealth, and to the county of East
Lothian in Scotland, as a proof of the view

NEW YORK, JAN. 30.—A gale of win?, acccmpani, d
with wind from the south, eastward, of ahnost unprece-
dented severity, was experienced here on the 26th inst.
The Boradino, Chase, from St Marks, at anchor near
the Hoop, was compelled to cut away both masts to pre-
vent he, running on shore, and has since been towed off
by the Fulton steamer.
The Susquehannah, Bright, from Bordeaux, which ar-
rived here on the 26th instant, dragged her anchors and
drove against the pier, No. 4, in the East River, and re-
ceived some damage in her stern and bulwarks.
The Phillip the First, Kellengton, from Canton, at this
port, was struck by a field of ice on the 24th instant, and
driven from her fastenings against the Spanish brig,
Normen ; carried away_ the bowsprit of the latter, and
injured her own quarters.
The Laurel, Lunt, from Teneriffe, was obliged to cut
away her foremast, to avoid going on shore.
The Union, frcm New Orleans to Havre, put back to
the former port on the 13th instant, with loss of jib-boom,
having been in contact in the Atssissipi with the Olive and
Eliza, hence to New Orleans. The latter received no
serious injury.

The P;udent, Richter, from Elsinore to this port, put
into St. Thomas's about the IGth instant, in distress.
_ _

The Daniel, M. Smith, from Savannah fur this port,
was on shore at Squam Beach, vessel and cargo expected
to b.! saved, but considerably damaged.
A large hermaphrodill brig went on shore on Great
Kiln Flats, Staten Island.

The William Cullerton, from St. John's, Newfoundland
to Halifax, put into Liverpool, N. S., on the sth instant'
leaky and rang discharge.
GLASGOW, FEB. 23.—The Larclash, Nicholson, from
hence to Londonderry to the Orkneys, was totally lest on the
6th instant at Ardberg, Island of Islay. Crew saved.
ABERDEEN, FEB. 19.—The Caroline, from Petershcad
to Carron, which was on shore at Donmouth on the 13th
instant, was got off on the 17th, after discharging her cargo,
and towed into this harbour with trifling damage.
SHIELDS, Feb. 20.—Four handspikes, marked Nautilius,
of Newcastle, have been washed on shore at rerschelling.
LEITH ROADS, FEB. 20.—1 t blew a heavy gale yesterday
from E. to E. N. E.
The Thomas Rising, Purdy, from Taragona and Malaga,
to this port, in taking the harbour, tailed on a bank,
knocked off her rudder, and is now on the mud in the outer
harbour.

WATERFORD, Fan. I9.—The Blenheim, B.,yden, from
Bristol to Newfoundland, has put in here leaky, and with
lost of topmasts, bulwarks, &c. put back in lat. 49, lon. 29.

THE IRISH.

John Flynn, a sturdy and ferocious-looking Irish pisdnt,
living is Robert's-court, Charles-street, Hampstead-road,
was charged at Marylebone police-cffice with having
threatened the life of another fine pisant, named Patrick
Nl‘Kenny, of the same place.
The complainant stated that the prisoner burst into his
room on Suaday night in a desperate rage, and swore be
would slay him on the spot, without giving him the least
time to prepare.
Mr. ItawLlNsoN—Slay you on the spot; that is sharp
practice.
Complainuit—Be the powers and he meant it too, for he
crassed himself, and took his solid oath to it.
By what miracle then did you escape ?—Bekase his con-
science pricked him.

I-low was that?—My wife, seeing I was going to he so
soon kilt, says to the prisoner, "Jack Flynn, is it yourself
thdt manes all this ; you've bate one man to death already,
and can't you be after being satisfied without murthering
me husband, and leaving me a widdy in the wide world,
with a lot of childer for yourself to keep, bad luck to you
now ?" And with that he wint away as mild as buttermilk ;
hut I'm still afraid of him, your Honour, he's such *despe-
rate one.

Mr. RAWLINSON (to the prisoner)—What have you to
say? Prisoner (holding out a piece of paper) —Read my
karacter, your Honour, my five year karacter.
Is it from the Coroner who sat on the body of the man
you murdered ?—Just read it, your Honour.
Mr. RAWLINSON (reading)—Why, it was written by a
man you worked for five years ago, and this is what you call
a five years' character, is it? You might have had a very
good one then, and a very bad one now. Really you Irish
are the queerest, and at the same time the most violent
men in.the creation.—( Laughter.)

Lord MONTFORD—ft is impossible to match them any-
where.—( More laughter.)
After some further botheration, the Bench decided upon
binding both parties over to keep the peace, and snaking
them divide the expenses between them.
Yesterday /Vary Fitzgibbon, a bouncing, fiery-faced
nymph of the " first ge:n of the sea," residing with her
husband, a fine pisant, in that hot-bed of botheration and
riot, the renowned Calmell- buildings, Oxford street, was
charged with having cracked the sconce of Michael Am-
brose, purveyor of butter, herrings, eggs, bacon, &c. to the
fine pisantry. No. 17, in the above buildings.
The complainant, on being sworn, stated in a rich br,s,gue,
that soon after he had retired to rest on Sunday night, he
heard a " slapping," against the shop shutters. He called
out " Who's there ?" and a voice auswerei " It's me, get
up; I wants a three-farthing red herring and a loaf of
bread, and I can't wait a minute." He accordingly lost
no time in proceeding down stairs with his red night cap
on, just as he was, and having unlocked the door he looked
out to see who was there, and received an ugly wipe over
the head from the soft end of a broomstick, wielded by the
prisoner, who exclaimed, " Take that, you old rascal "
The prisoner then ran away, and he pursued her as daceatly
as possible, and being without the incumbrance of his
clothes he soon overtook her, and gave her in charge.
Mr. RawuNsos—Did she owe you any grudge? Com-
plainant-7-1 carn't say, your amour ; but I've been a rale
good friend to her.
Prisoner (in a voice of thunder)—And I'll be as good a
friend to you. Oh 1 I'll largo you to have the law on me
and my babbles, bekase I owed you the likes of a few pal-
try shillings for dirthy butter and bread.
Mr. RAWLINSON (to complainant)—Hovv came you to
open the door to her, when you knew you were upon had
terms? Complainant—Be St. Patrick, bekase she imi-
tated the voice of another lady, one of my best cust.mers,
so well, that I thought it saust be her and no one else, at
all,; at all.
Mr. RAWLINSON inquired fpr the constable.
Pollard, 125 D, then stood forward.

I have taken of the subject. Three-fourths of the
soil is worn out, and the exclusive system generally fol-
lowed is attended with the most pernicious effects to the
public health, and most destructive to the public inte-
rests. One million of our youths ought to be at once
drawn from the over populous cities, towns, and vil-
lages, and planted on the soil as apprentices, to be
tiaight the art of farming, and the mechanical arts neces-
sary to a proper system of rural economy. They
would then make fine settlers to send as emigrants. I
cannot close this subject without strongly urging the
advantages of conjoining live stock and corn, and
making them subservient to each other. Were the old
pasture lands converted into tillage, an immense
quantity of manure would thereby be furnished, for
enriching the poorer soils and for ameliorating the old
tillage fields before they are laid down with grass seeds,
particularly when composted with lime, salt, and new
earth. Every three acres of old grass land broken
up would furnish dung for one acre a-year, consequent-
ly the plotighing up of a million acres would
return dung for 330,000 acres of barren or un-
productive land per annum for three years.
Afterwards, by means of composting the whole of the
manure that is laid on, an additional increase of two
quarters of grain per acre, and more of green crop;,
might reasonably be expected from the manure thus
afforded, while the original stock of compost, like
money vested at compound interest, would accumulate
and increase from year to year, till the country was im-
proved in the greatest degree which physical circum-
stances would permit.
Last summer I paid considerable attention to the
cultivation of the soil, and the crops in the county of
Kent, and found the land, with but few exceptions, very
foul, and in many situations the grain choked with
weeds, with from five to eight blasted grains in each ear.
In September, travelling through Middlesex and Hamp-
shire, I found it in a worse condition: Indeed, the beau-
tiful county of Hampshire, the yearly rental of which is
only twelve shillings an acre, in the lower parts
very much resembles the 'soil of Holland, and wants
only the perseverance and industry of Dutchmen,
to make it superior. The county possesses more
materials for its own rectification than Holland ; and I
have no doubt but that Holland raises more produce
than the four counties round London. _ For besides pro-

Mr. RAWLINSON—You had the bad luck to be on duty
in Calmell-buildings that night. What did you sce ?
Pollard—l saw the complainant pop his red night-cap out,
and draw it in pretty quick, on receiving the blow.
What sort of a character does the prisoner bear ?—The
worst-in all the buildings.
If the Lest is bad, why the worst must deserve hanging?
—They are a shocking set, indeed, your Worship.
The prisoner, who slid that the complainant first called
her an excommunicated lady of easy virtue, was fined 103. ;
and she left the office swearing vengeance.

SOCIETY FOR RELIEF OF MARI-
NERS AND FISHERMEN, OR THEIR
WIDOWS AND ORPHANS.

Thursday last a public meeting was held at the Lon-
don Tavern, to form a Society for the relief of ship-
wrecked mariners and fishermen, their widows and
orphans. The Right Honourable Sir G. Cockburn,
G.C.8., in the chair. Admirals Hawker, Oliver, Sir
E. Parry, and Maitland ; Colonels bolt and Robinson ;
Captains Smith and Brenton ; Sir Francis Ommanney,
Messrs. J. Ebenezer, Saunders, jun., Wilson, and se-
veral other influential individuals were present. The
gallant Chairman briefly stated the objects of the so-
ciety, which are to giant shelter and assistance to sh;p-
wrecked mariners and fishermen, and, in case of their
deaths,.to extend the same assistance to their widows
arid orphans. In order that all classes may join the
Society, subscriptions of two shillings and sixpence will
be- accepted. The Chairman made a strong and effect-
ive appeal on behalf of the poor fellows for whose be-
nefit the Society is intended.
Admiral Oliver, Captain Brenton, Colonel Rolt,
Captain Sir E. Parry, Admiral Hawker, and Drs.
Domville and Carpue, insisted with great earnestness
on the many claims which mariners have on British
sympathy, and moved a series of resolutions to that
effect.

Sir G. Cockburn was elected President, John Deacon,
Esq., Treasurer, and Mr. Webb, Secretary._

the following gentlemen were nominated the Ma-
naging Committee :—Colonel Ro;t, Sir F. Om:nannev,
Admiral Sir I. Brenton, Captains Sir E. Parry, E. I'.
Brenton, Hope, M. Smith, Jenkins Jones, S. W.
Roberts, and Hon. F. Maude, J. E. Saunder 3, Jun.,
D. Rye, and J. Deacon, Esq.
Mr. SAUNDERS, Jun., on mosing a vote of thanks
to the Chairman, stated that since August last upwards
of 140 seamen had been picked up at sea by
smacks from Barking, Greenwich, and Gravesend,
and that on a very recent occasion 4 men went out in a
boat to relieve a vessel in distress, when the latter
swamped, and three out of the four men sunk to rise no
more. The Committee will meet this day (Monday) to
adopt measures for the formation of a fund that will en-
able them to grant immediate assistance if circumstances
should require it.

---- -
Alarming reports prevailed yesterday afternoon
respecting the health of the Dukc of Wellington. It was
cottlidently stated that his Grace bad bee❑ seized with a
sudden attack, and that no less than three physicians had been
summoned to attend him. Upon inquiry at Apsley-house
we ascertained with more than ordinary pleasure, that there
sacs no foundation for the reports in question. We under-
stand, however, from other sources, that the Duke is suf-
fering from an attack of lumbago, and that, although he
yesterday transacted business as usual, he occasionally
complained of pain in the back, and of stiffness in one of
his knees.—Observer.
We learn from the Flemingsburgh Kentuckian,
that a few days ago, a Mr. Hampion, of Mason county,
an habitual drunkard, hung his own son, a boy about I 2
years old, for accidentally breaking a jug of rum.—Ante-
rican Paper.

CONVERSIONS TO THE CATIIOLIC FAITH.
—James Wheble, of Wood!ey Lodge, late High Sheriff of
Berkshire, in a letter to the editor of the Reading Mercury, reckons
the slumber of conversions to the Catho'ic faith in England, to be
about 2,000 annually. Within the last few months, Dr. Walsh,
Bishop of the Mid!and District, has confirmed 692 converts in the
Eastern Counties. Among other converts, Frederick Lucas, Esq.,
of the Middle Temple, barister.at-law, has abjured the tenets the
Society of Friends, and embraced the Catholic Faith.— Cathuiic Ma.
gazine.

The Duke of Leeds, on Tuesday, sat for the
first time in Parflarnont after th 2 death of his father, and took the
oaths and his seat in the House of Lords.

clueing food for nearly three millions of people they ex.
port from three to three and a-half millions sterling a
year of butter and cheese, besides flax and garden seeds,
and other productions of the soil to a great amount.
Let our landlords do likewise, there would then be no
cause of complaint, but abundance for man and beast.
I also went through the shires of Surrey, Bucking-
ham, Northampton, Rutland, and Lincoln, in the
fall, when they were ploughing the fields, which
were in general fiiled with couch-grass and all man-
ner of weeds, and the few old pasture fields that were
ploughed exceeded all description—the soil was so matted
together, that you might lift tne furrow and hang it up
by the yard. I often wished to have some good agri-
culturist with me to enjoy a laugh, and yet at every
town I came to, there were strong, able-bodied men by
the score doing nothing. In order to give the nation
some idea of the destructive policy pursued, with but
few exceptions, as regards the 17,000,000 acres of grass
pasture, I will subjoin a few remarks. A large portion
of dung is spread over the land every spring in addition
to the dung which is dropped over the fields by the
large coarse grass grained animals. It was plain to be seen,
that their food was in a half digested state, as half the
sugar and gluten might be found in the dung.
Tne animals are thus bloated up with literally eating
their own dung, and if they were not killed to prevent
them dying a natural death, they would in a few months
die of the rot. The fat animals are enough to turn the
stomach of the strongest man. Three times the weight
orbeef and mutton might he fed with animals one-half
the size which they were 50 years ago, when the supe-
rior beef of old England was unequalled in any country.
But one of the greatest evils arising from this mode of
farming is, that the soil becomes so caked by the ani-
mals treading over it, that the surface is like brick, and so
hardened, that the roots of good grass cannot expand ;
the sun shining on the hardened surface, like a mirror,
at once burns the grass, and leaves nothing but moss to
shelter the strong-rooted, poisonous, useless plants, such
as buttercups, docks, thistles, plantain, yarrow, broom,
and every species of sour grass, bloating the ani-
mals with the most noxious oils, so destructive to the
health of the inhabitants. Nothing better proves the bad
agricultural policy generally pursued in this kingdom
than the multiplying of the doctors. The Jews under
the Theocracy, and for some time under their Kings,
had no doctors : when Moses delivered the laws of agri-
culture he told them, as long as they obeyed they would
have perfect health ; he made no provision for a doctor.
The Romans, under the Commonwealth, had not a doctor,
as they banished disease and doctors at the same time ; and
so long as they pursued a sound agricultural policy, they
kept themselves free from the assaults of disease.
Having observed the various opinions on both sides of
the momentous question, the Corn-laws, I have not
seen one who has pointed out the chief source from
whence the national calamity springs, either physi-
cally, morally, or politically, and therefore I have endea-
voured to point it out, being sure that if acted upon
happy results are certain to follow. One of the great
motives to induce landlords to follow my advice is the
bad policy of sending out.ernigrants, who can do no: hint;
to make themselves comfortable in any country, and
are a dead weight in society ; whereas, had they been
trained up to the above professsions, they would have
been settled in the most easy circumstances in two or
three veers, with their comforts yearly iecreasing. I i„0„.0
seen thousands who came as settlers to the United •

v°
States and Canada, with considerable sums of moll°
spend the whole in a few years by being impose dui
by servants and speculators for want of theabovelco.°"ea
ledp. When I went to America in 1794, i°lll,oo,
the St. Andrew and Caledonian Societies, and ble::01
of an inquiring tniz:el, and from the earnest el dn,
wall I received from Mr. Roscoe of Liverpool, to tyd
the rite and progress of the Republic, pb)s'clib,
megally, and politically, and more particularY "
character and conduct of the emigrants, I found tew'__
the great bulk of both societies had raised th.ar_n
serves by their own industry to the high rank they i°llB.
and now hold in t,ociety. I found them risen of the big
to
est moral integrity ; they then thought honesty was„!,,
best policy, and most rigidly adhered to her dictates- 11:_a
impulse they gave to trade, commerce, agriculture, 8.°,1
horticulture was rapid beyond anything known io,t_a
history of man. I was solicited by Mr. Madde-tbe
t PtesAent) and Do Witt, Clinton, Governor °f !!.
State of New York, to give lectures on botany' l'nrrh
culture, and agriculture, which I did for three Yea.;
from 1815 to 1819, to the farmers' sons and daughtr
teaching them the three above branches, which im,ce
vernor Clinton declared had given the greatest imPii;
to agriculture that had hitherto taken place lo is
,t
United States ; that the State of New Yora."
particular had more than doubled its Pr°"lo,
in less than seven years, and was more _
debted to Scotchmen for her greatness than to all °ther e
nations put together. The active life I led 53'4
me every opportunity of investigating the charactere
the emigrants ; the whole of us were of Pi
working classes, our prosperity soon spread abroad'
and we were soon inundated with College-bred lan
stock-jobbers, lawyers, doctors, and all manner °
thieves and infidels from every country in
which had nearly laid the whole virtuous superstrr
ture we had raised in ruins. I am happy to hear that tlian
virtuous seed that was first sown is now bearing d°w.,
the torrent of vice that for fifteen years had scourr.
that fine country. I hope 'the landlords will act on scourge
advice I have given, and send out intelligent, virtuouser
settlers to New South Wales, as well as to all our oth
colonies ; they will contribute largely to the comfort
all classes in the parent country. Had agriculture PI
gressed in proportion to the commerce, mechanics, on.,
manufacturing arts, we should have been the roO"
happy and independent nation on earth. I never con:
sidered the corn-protecting duties in any other light thau
Europe,
as a pension fund to support a bad system of agriculture;
If the Corn-laws were repealed, we might be enable'
to export, after supplying the home consumPti°l4
home produce in the manufactured state, such abutter'r'
meal, pearl barley, garden grain, and grass seeds ;
cheese, beef, and pork ; ale, porter, and spirits, fron3 te.P
to fourteen millions sterling a year. When the soil,L
sufficiently rectified to produce the above articles of trt
best quality, in seasons of great plenty there ourer
to be stores all over the kingdom to lay it up up
the lock and key of Government, and never trust to
the chapter of accidents with the immense Pnr.
lotion we now posssess, and which is still increasing
t
The Queen ought to take for taxes to the amouo at
of at least 150 million bushels of grain, the old WI
mightbe sold out yearly to a profit, and an equal quantitY °I)
new might be laid up, which would benefit the public healt is
i
and contribute to reduce the National Debt. It T
from :he purest motives I have taken up my Pen Op
from
occasion, the object being for the public ea
Since writing the above I was requested to give°''
opinion as to the best mode of raising the 150,000'
bushels of grain. For instance, suppose one millio!!
the youths taken from the cottages and surplus poP.'";
tion of the country : let them be bound as apprentice-
to the farmers, from the age of sixteen to twentr
one, to be taught reading and writing at even
il
schools, the theory and practice of horticulture and a°‘
riculture, and the rural mechanical art in all its branches'
The young women to be taught the dairy and farm'
on the most improved principles, the art of cookery'
all manner of housekeeping, so as to make good Berl/Silt°
and housewives ; and the most strict attention to 15,e,
paid to their general and moral education ; to be
bound under the authority of the Queen ; for whieb the
farmers would contract to deliver into her Mlkiest_ii
stores in each county, a quarter of wheat for each as
e
apprentice per annum, and four bushels for each fernain
until they arrive at the age of 21, when they svowil
make robust settlers to send abroad ; the (Pe!!
would be constantly selling to the public old gra"
at a profit, and laying in an equal. quantity of oe`g
every year, except in years of scarcity, when the whole;
1'
or such a part as the public might require, might be 50
at a fixed price, and by that means considerably reduce tbe
National Debt. Every person is fully worth a quarter
of wheat yearly ; and, under this system, they would sOOO
convert the kingdom into a field which the Lord would
bless. Is it is now, for the must part, under the &ine
displeasure, and if something be not resorted to to reellifil
the soil, the whole kingdom will soon be involved r
one fatal physical calamity, which may God, in lin
mercy, prevent.

CHARLES WHITLAVV.
80, Argyll street, Regent-street.

PITY THE POOR FARMERS AND

OPPRESSED LANDLORDS!

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR.—So much is every thy said and written by
our Tory landlords and their tools of the "poor fir'
mers," that I fear some of them begin actually t°
believe some of their own stories. I happen to knout
some little of the bad crops and bid times in this part
of the country, and allow that upon the whole, the
wheat crop was not quite an average one, but the
oat and barley far exceeded one ; such crops had not
been known before for fifty years, all the other crops
were good, and it is notorious that some farmers will'
after paing all expenses, make a clear profit this yearequal to five times the amount of their rent •
and this not from their rents, being low, for
they are quite the contrary, but from the ex-
cessive high price at which all their produce sells.
And how is it with their men ? Are they equally bene-
fited ? Far from it, they can scarcely obtain cortmon,
necessaries—poor wretches with 9s. only per week, and
bread at famine price. Our shops are never visited by,
them now—manufactured articles of all sorts are out of
their reach. The labourer and the manufacturer suffer
together, not from a high price occasioned by a scarcity,
but a monopoly protected by the Devil's laws, and to
which we shall always be subject while they exist, for
our rick-yards are full of ricks of corn. Potatoes were
bought up or kept back in the same way as the corn, to
increase the price, and a great cry made of the shortness
of the crop ; but the murder is out, their time is come,
and they must soon be sold at what they will fetch.
There is no keeping them till another year, and the
price comes down accordingly.
I am, Sir, yours very truly,
Newport, Feb. 22. A PRODUCER.

Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle,
of Sunday, March 3, will contain ample details of the Grand
National Steeple Chase at Liverpool, and full and correct
particulars of the Great Waterloo Coursing Meeting:
al.o, the Bath Steeple Chase of Friday March 1 ; all of
which will be written exclusively by the gentlemen en"
gaged on the establishment of this Journal. The price of
Bell's Life in London is sd. Published regularly in time
to sen-loff by the two o'clock Saturday afternoon Birming-
ham R rilway. The sale of Bell's Life in London exceeds
tnenty thousand copies, and is the most desirable channel
for advertisements relative to sporting matters.
At Covent-garden a new play (said to be E. L.
Bulwer's Richelieu); a new grand. opera, by Rooke ;
new dramatic romance ; and a revived historical play, by
Shakspeare, are advertised, and may be said to be in active
preparation. Jerrold has also a c.,medy, called the Spend-
thrift, in readiness, whenever it is wanted.

=mom r .-"'''
- -----------
LADIES' BEST GOLD CHAINS,
The weight is given by comparison with the weight of Sove-
reigns, being more easily referred to than if stated in ounces
and dwts The quality of the gold is warranted equal to any
that is worked into articles of this description.
Price of the Cable Pattern, or Matted Ring Pattern.
Es. d. Xs. d•
Same weight as 3 sovs.. 4 4 0 Same weight as 6 soya.. 7 7 "
Ditto as 4 sows.. 5 1 0 Ditto as 7 sows.. 8 8 (1‘
Ditto as 5 sows.. 6 6 0 Ditto as 8 sovs.. 9 9 t'
The following Patterns are One Guinea dearer than the
above, lout cannot be made lighter than the weight of Sil
Sovereigns :
The Cage Pattern. The Chinese Pattern.
I The Ring and Bar Pattern. The Victoria Pattern.
THE NEW FLAT GOLD WATCHES.
The price in gold cases, with vertical movements £7 7 0
Ditto, with well-finished horizontal movement, in
double-bottomed engine-turned case, jewelled,
silver dial, warranted 9 9 0

'l'. COX SAVORY'S,
Watchmaker, Silversmith, and Jeweller, 47, Cornhill, London

(Seven Doors from Gracechurch-street.)
N.B. The Horizontal Construction is particularly recom

mended for its superior accuracy.

LHU:IIS.

At Penzance; on Wednesday,tilelady, of John T. Millett,
Esq„ surgeon, of a son.
On the 10th inst.. at Antony Vicarage, the lady of the Rev.
Edward Fursdon, of a daughter.
- - - -

y On
the 2lst inst., at Blackheath-park, the lady of the Res.•
S. Prosser, of a daughter.
On the 23d inst., in Hans-place, Sloane•street, the lady of
J. Wakeman Long, Esq., of a daughter.
On th^ 23d inst., at Campsbourne-lodge, Hornsey, the lady
of Benjamin Laurence, Esq., of a son.

MARRIED.
On the 21st inst., at St. Lawrence's Church, Mr. George
Ball, of Reading, to Miss Bulley, of the same place.

DIED

On Friday. the 22d inst., to the great grief of his numerous
family and friends, aged 62, William Baron, for thirty-one
years the respected host of the I3lack Iloy Inn, Chelmsford,
Essex, and a liveryman of the Vintner,' Company. Ide was
an affectionate husband,
au indulgent and liberal father, and
an hones': man.

On the 22(1 inst., at Hosinau,
Ratchet, the residence of her
son, Mrs. Elizalictli Jarm an, relict of the late Mr. Chaxl"
Jarman, of Winds'n.,.aged 78. • t of
-On die 7th inst., at Newcastle-upon 'Tyne, Ellen, T.( hi,
Captain Hemming, late of her Majesty's 4th Regiment.
On the 23(1 inst., at his house in the Camberwell New-road,
Mary, the wife of Mr. R. Smith assessor of stare-coach duties.
On the 22d inst., Mrs. J. P. Larrodcr, of Daston-rise

'Ander: ! Printed and PubliThed by N11.7111)0 YOU'S (19
No. 112, strand, at The ;No. 112, Strand, in
the eounty of Nliddltegel.—Monday, February 25. 1639.