The Sun.
London, England, 1863-01-22 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURS9AY EVENING, JANUARY 22, 1863.

LONDON, THURSDAY, JANUARY 22, 1863.

In spite of Mr. GOLDWIN SMITH and his theories
the welfare of our colonies is always a matter of
interest to Englishmen. They are justly proud of
the extent of that magnificent empire which en-
circles alike the snows of Columbian mountains and
the rands that lie waste beneath an Austral sun ;
which stretches to both Indies, and includes under
its dominion every variety of soil and - climate
and wellnigh every race. We are proud likewise
of the special gift for colonisation that seems to be-
long to our nation ; the enterprise and perseverance
that admit no obstacle to be insuperable until they
have converted undrained swamps into fertile fields
and transformed the primeval forest into cities and
villages. In no direction is there a more promising
field for the exercise of these qualities than in that
grand new colony rescued from a long
monopoly and opened to British energy
under the auspices of the ex-Colonial Secretary Sir
E. BULWER LYTTON. A very interesting account
of the capabilities and prospects of this infant
colony will be found in the address delivered by the
Hon. Mr. CAMERON, at the London Tavern yes-
terday. Mr. CAMERON has come over in the capa-
city of delegate from British Columbia to represent
the wishes of that country on matters of import-
ance. Ho has been for 27 years a mem-
ber of the Canadian. Legislature, and is therefore
qualified to speak with confidence the sentiments of
our Canadian fellow subjects as well as those of the
country he more immediately represents. It is
highly gratifying to find that in both cases the
sentiments of the colonists towards the mother
country are most cordial and satisfactory.
" As a colonist," said Mr. CAMERON, " my greatest
pride is my allegiance to the British throne. I feel
we are regarded as one with yourselves, under a
free constitution, protected alike as citizens of one
great empire." Though the Atlantic rolled between
us he declared his conviction that the union of a

common origin, a common history, and a common I
interest in the welfare of the empire was stronger
than any intervening hurlers. He expressed very
strongly the views of our North American colonies
with regard to the annexation to the United States,
which some have talked of. ' While in British
Columbia I read that one of your statesmen, and
one I greatly respect, had in eloquent words given
expression to the hope that the day was not far
distant when the great American Republic
would stretch from the frozen regions to the Southern
Gulf. Permit me, as a British colonist, a Canadian
by birth, the son of a British soldier, and, withal, a
friend to the United States, in the name of, and for
tall, the British possessions in America, to say that
it is an aspiration that finds no echo in a single
colonial heart ; and I unhesitatingly affirm that any
attempt to accomplish it would be resisted with our
lives and fortunes to the last. I❑ the colonies we are
not Republicans; we love constitutional freedom,
we respect the rights of property, and we have
learned from experience to believe that, with
all its faults, the constitution of Great Britain
and its limited monarchy is, as affording the
largest measure of liberty and the protection of
a free press, the best in the world. We there-
fore desire never to see the British empire less."
such feelings are warmly reciprocated on this side
of the Atlantic, and from the description given of
the capacities of British Columbia, it promises to
become one of our most hopeful dependencies. Its
gold fields we have all heard of—the rush to the
Fraser River and Cariboo have made the uncouth
nomenclature of those localities familiar to English
ears. We have all heard, too, of the disappointment
and disaster of last year—a disaster attributable, in
a great degree, to exceptional and removable causes.
The true wealth of British Columbia, however—
like the fortune which the woodman, in the fable,
left his children in the field—iles rather in the soil
itself than in Any casual diacrlvery. Vegetation
alYs Mr. CAMERON, is forced as rapidly and into
as large a growth as in any other part
of the Continent. The magnificent timber of the
better known portion of the North American Con-
tinent is highly valued, but it is eclipsed by the
trees of Columbia—the height and size of the native
fir or pine tree astonishing even the Canadians.
Mr. CAMF;RON reminds the visitors to the exhibi-
tion of the splendid spar, 271 feet long, sent from
Columbia, and otatea Out he has himself seen a fir

tree, and that not an uncommon one, which mea-
sured 327 feet.in length, and 11 feet in diameter. For
200 feet of its length there was not a single project-
ing
branch. The cedars of Columbia dwarf the far
famed cedars of Lebanon, and other woods are
equally plentiful. As the lecturer observed, a soil
which produces such trees cannot fail under cultiva-
tion to produce the lesser fruits. The two objects
which brought him over were the desire of the
Columbians to obtain a representative Government,
and the proposal to open a line of communication be-
tween the several provinces of British North Ame-
rica. There is little fear that any English Govern-
ment of the present day will follow the example
of Lord NORTH, and if it is
shown that
the colony is really sufficiently advanced
for representative government to prove advantage-
our, we cannot doubt that it will be accorded to
them. All that a single man could do has been
done, says Mr. CAMERON, by Governor DOUGLAS,
but the time has arrived when self-government
under a free constitution, is indispensable to the
prosperity of the colony. A constitution has been
accorded to Vancouver's Island, which is of so much
less extent, and one half the pozulation. it cannot
therefore be justly withheld from a people who pro-
claim so distinctly their adherence to the old coun-
try and their allegiance to the Crown. With regard
to the principal object of Mr. CAMERON'S embassy
there can be but one opinion. All must see the im-
portance of securing an unbroken line of communi-
cation between the Atlantic and Pacific oeeans
through British territories. Those best qua-
lified to judge—Governor DOUGLAS, Captain
PALLISER, and others—give their unhesitating
opinion as to the feasibility of road-making through-
out these regions. "So far as the territory of Bri-
tish Columbia is concerned," says Mr. CAMERON,
"a line of communication has been opened up
through its centre, and the Rocky Mountains pre-
sent no impediment to their being surmounted by
an ordinary road, owing to the existence of a natu-
ral pass. From the mountains to Red River and
to St. Paul's, Minnesota, or to Fort William, Lake
Superior, via Rainy Lake, though a rough country,
it presents no real obstacle to the construction of a
railway." The difficulties attending the opening
of means of communication appear to have been
very much overrated, the immense area occupied by
water saving so much expense and labour.
Canada has now nearly two hundred miles
of railway completed which will probably
be extended to Halifax, and then, "by making
available the lakes and rivers of the West, and add-
ing
cheap and easy roads, we shall be able for
eight months in the year—and soon for the whole
year round—to cross the continent in fifteen days."
The advantages which the opening of such a line
of communication would offer to British commerce
are incalculable. There is no reason, said the able
advocate, why the whole correspondence of the
great East and Europe should not pass over this
new American route, while the construction
of the electric telegraph would open the
shortest route for messages to China, Japan, and
our Southern colonies. All that is needed to
realise these splendid prospects is the application of
British enterprise and British capital to the deve-
lopment of the resources of our own possessions.
The settlers are cordial in their feelings towards the
mother country, and eager for our assistance in a
scheme that will benefit ourselves as much as them.
Nature, though wild and rough, is yet favourable,
and science, in the shape of engineering skill, is at
the highest point. The securing of a passage
through British territory, from the one great ocean
to the other, will, with the aid of our naval supre-
macy, preserve unbroken our communication with
the East in the face of every opposition, and render
us independent of one of the greatest evils of war-
fare—the interruption of our commerce.

After all the clamour we have had about garot-
ting it is surprising how small a portion of the po-
pulation came to grief in this way. Certainly
not one in a hundred. Why so much stir
about so . few persons ? Could they not take a
broken head or a sore throat quietly, and not want
to entail on the rest of the community the expense
of doubled police rates, and the cost of maintaining
idle fellows in prison for double the usual time ?
Indeed the question might well range more widely.
We may reasonably ask why, for the sake of the
small minority who suffer from punishable thefts or
frauds, we should uphold such a costly system of
administration of justice and of penal establish-
ments. There must always be a certain proportion
of the community who will suffer hardships from
the violence and roguery of their fello w•creatures,
but are we all to be saddled with, say, fully half
the amount of our present income-tax, and, all
things included, with much more, merely to protect
or indemnify, as far as we can, the very few, rela-
tively to the whole community, who would suffer
from violence and fraud ? Are we all to make sacri-
fices that here and there a man who has been robbed
may see the thief, at an enormous expense to the
country, sentenced to several years of penal servi-
tude ?

Let no one scout such questions as absurd. We
have merely applied to one kind of larceny, fraud,
or felony, the reasoning one of our principal con-
temporaries has applied to another. It has been a
favourite argument of late against the Ballot that
so few persons can be found who suffer from the
want of it. Ask your acquaintances, it is said, and
you will find that every one says that other people
need it, but he himself does not. And who do you
hear complainlng that they have been coerced or
bribed to vote against their convictions ? The man
who has been robbed of his franchise by a landlord
or creditor is, after all, a rare being. There may be
such a person, but who of us knows him ? The
inference is, why compel us all to vote secretly
in order that a very small minority of
the country may not be compelled to vote against
their will. Vote-robbery is a thing respecting
vi-ich a great deal of noise is made by the disap-
pointed party, but where are your robbed indivi-
duals ? The worth
1.
n of
regard
rargument
pies r justty
wtihne,
same as in the case
vuebrty t
lhaer
gnumbers
in ,
which we started.
who really need protection We have no do
granting them to be but few,
why should not the
rights of those few be vindicated? If we. possessed
any means of preventing
the few from being robbed
of property at all comparable with the ballot in
reference to vote-robbery, we should
assuredly at
once adopt it, and that without hesitation. We
should be thankful enough fur what would be infi-
nitely cheaper and more effectual than punitive and
deterrent systems.

The truth is, in a question of justice, We do not and
ought not to consider the mere number of sufferers
at all; since no wrong, it is confessed, ought to be
tolerated without a remedy. Admitting, there
fore, for argument's sake, that the numbers were
few who were coerced into a vote for one clndidate
when their preference and judgment would have
given it to another, as a case of clear wrong, we
ought at any reasonable cost to see that the few
had their rights. The law of the country has created
for them the right, has made it, therefore, painful
to be robbed of it ; and, though the robbed were but
few, the State would still be bound to protect those
few from robbery. We hardly need add that, in

this case, the protection would be afforded at no
cost at all, but at a considerable saving. The ex-
pense of an election by ballot would be match less
than that of an election in the ordinary wa,37 ; much
less to both the candidate and the public. Further,
no one would he called on to suffer in any way to
protect the supposed few. It cannot be called a
hardship, by any honest man, that he should be re-
' quired to give his vote so that no one knew how he
gave it at the time of voting. If he wishes to
make it public, he is in no way restricted from doing
so. We are sometimes, indeed, told that it is unfair
to compel all to give, whether they wish it or
not, a secret vote. We reply, no man
whose word would be taken can make such a com-
plaint: The voter can always, if he wish it, tell
how he intends to vote, or how he has voted. The
liar, indeed, conscious that no one believes him, is
the only man who can complain that the ballot
enforces secrecy of the vote. It compels to secrecy,
indeed, in the actual voting ; hence it enables those
whose vote might be garotted by a landlord or a
creditor to avoid his grip, but it leaves men at
liberty to make thek -vote as public as they please.
As to those whose word would not be believed, it
is not the ballot, but their own character, which
deprives them of the publicity they covet.
We have been led to these remarks by perusing
the answers to questions sent by the Ballot Society
to Southampton and to East K'nt, after the two
recent closely contested elections there. There was
no doubt of the bribery and intimidation in the
borough, or of the intimidation in the county ; but
the cases confidentially communicated were few.
This is almost always the case. Until a commission
seizes a constituency by the throat, puts it to the
oath, and compels it to confess, we are always told
by the winning party that " there may have been
cases of corruption, but they were unauthorised,
and really few.' We are told the same respecting
the coercion of dependents. But the latter and
more cruel form of bribery—the appeal to the
voter's fears and necessities—does not permit of
verification except privately. The cases which
could be ascertained by a commission itself would
not be many. Indeed, no one would have the
cruelty to think of subjecting a body of county
voters to such a test, as asking them whether they
should have voted for the Whig or Tory member,
as the case may be, had they at the time been living
under a landlord of the same politics.

We are told, indeed, at Southampton that in the
afternoon the Tory bribery was both extensive and
direct, but that it was the coercion which was
chiefly relied on. It is notorious that the contest
lay between two great companies, and it is asserted
that all the numerous employes of the winning com-
pany voted for the Tory candidate. There is
another large company in the town, with 120 elec-
tors in their employment, all of these, it is also con-
fidently said, with a single exception, voted for the
Tory candidate. No one, with any knowledge of
Englishmen, will believe for a moment that all
these dependents of two powerful commercial com-
panies were really Tories, or could prefer a London
corporation nobody to an intelligent and well-known
Liberal. The coercion of great companies is likely
to become another of the facts which will strengthen
the demand for the ballot. The cases of landlord
coercion in Est Kent are quite of the normal type.
Of the whole it may be :safely affirmed that the
ballot would have redressed all the evils complained
of at both elections. Fifty open public-houses,
direct bribery in the afternoon, and the intimidation
by employers of labour, would have been utterly
useless at Southampton, and the usual intimations
of landlords would have been of little avail in East
Kent. The Totnes election is another case in point,
the influence of a noble Duke having twice returned
the member for that borough. We hope, therefore,
the Ballot Society will persist in its praiseworthy
efforts to keep their subject before the consti-
tuencies.

Last night Mr. GIBSON addressed his constituents
at Ashford. The right hen, gentleman's speech
was received with many demonstrations of applause,
but on critically examining it, it does not appear to
contain much. He said that it was his duty and
privilege to appear before the electors and render
an account of his doings in Parliament. He said,
truly enough, that of late men's minds had been
diverted from what he might term domestic poli-
tics by the unfavourable state of the times at home
and abroad. With watching the civil war in
America, and regarding the distress in the cotton
districts, they had not bad sufficient leisure to
dwell upon those minor points which, in quieter
and happier times, would have assumed an import-
ance and significance, Mr. GIBSON paid a just tri- '
I
bute to the admirable conduct of the distressed
population of Lancashire ; but the following pas-
sage comes rather strangely from so influential a
personage. It seems to presage an amount of in-
difference or else few resources on the part of the
Government that is incredible to conceive or else
strange to contemplate: " Toey have acted
throughout like men knowing that the cause of suf-
fering was beyond the control of their own country,
their own Legislature, and their Government, and
these distresses had arisen from circumstances for
which no one here could be blamed." This sounds
rather hopeless, but when Mr. GIBSON tries to be
encouraging the result is not much more satisfac-
tory. He holds out, as a panacea for the dreadful
ills that these men are undergoing, the prospect of
their conduct now coming under consideration
should the question of Reform come under the notice
of the Legislature. Really, this seems like a
mockery of woe, in every view of the case, when
we reflect on the very slight chance there exists of
the question being taken up by Ministers, those
who have had the promise will most probably have
to wait long for the performance. Again, this is not
the sort of thing to suggest in connection with the
subject of a great calamity, the good mentioned
does not partake of the nature of the evil. Mr. Gin-
SON'S ideas on this subject remind one of a facetious
speech made SOIIIC time ago by a gentleman who
was satirizing Mr. BRIGHT. He said that the lat-
ter gentleman always considered public questions
to the total ignoring of the private burdens of the
11
community. If any complained of poverty he
I would tell them of the franchise, and to those who
wanted the necessaries of life he dilated on the ad-
vantages of political existence. Another thing that
I is noticeable in this portion of Mr. GIBSON'S speech
is the style in which he talks about Reform.
Really the assurance with which some public men
can talk of their own misdoings is quite surprising.
If the Ministers had not the honesty to keep their
promises they might at least have the grace not to
charge others with their own shortcomings. When a
0 's
Cabinet Minister has the effrontery to speak like this
to his constit ) it isenough to make men despair
of political honesty
The Government did not
t
receive, I am here to
much encouragement from the country when they
offered a measure of parliamentary Reform." If a
sense of propriety did not keep the members of the
Govern :---a"sser most conscientiotbly,
Government silent
on this point,expediency
might make them abstain from these absurd and un
founded statements. If what they persist in saying
is true, for it is only ,
the
d.
7Daherery dapmue thatsurely
t h
:S
same—whyi r CHARLES
did they assume the serious responsibility
WooD, at Halifax, said
completing what they
responsibility of pre-
Tenting their opponents from

had undertaken. The only charitable solution that
can be found for these extravagant asseverations,
is that that they feel their case is bad and are
trying a desperate mode of disarming criticism
by sounding their own praises, or at all events
screening their own culpabilities at the expense of
others, and also at the cost of a little veracity of
statement. Mr. GIBSON glorified himself and the
ministry for the repeal of the paper duty, and con-
tended that all he had prophesied of good had come
to pass, and many additional advantages had like-
wise accrued from this measure to the community.
It is one chief characteristic of those who have a
particular plan of their own that they can never be
moderate in their views, and in speaking of the ad-
vantages of cheap newspapers, Mr. GIBSON exag-
gerates so greatly that he does not do himself or his
cause any service. Those who most appreciate the
cheap press will not believe overdrawn accounts of
their achievements, and it is no want of respect
to them that forbids us to credit what their advo-
cate so unhesitatingly affirms. Exaggerated lan-
guage makes one doubtful of sincerity, and the
opening sentence of Mr. Ginsoat'a remarks on this
point seems to hint that there is a suspicious secret
of personal pique in the background of this excited
eulogy. Ho states with some warmth that when
the Government repealed the Paper Duty they
were told that "it was a reckless sacrifice of re-
venue,hada ot
with
h the
Perhaps it was the wrongs of that
nameless martyr who goes by the name of some-
body view
of
pleasing somebody who
body that fired the speaker with so much zeal and
energy. The right hon. gentleman concluded his
speech with some remarks on America, stating that
so deeply had we studied the case, that we had
almost made the American question an English
one. Mr. GIBSON denied the assertion that had
been made that slavery had nothing to do with the
war, and observed that in his opinion it was the
primary cause of it :—" Secession had taken place,
and the consequent war for the purpose of per-
petuating, e
, and extending slavery. I
don't believe
empire
having
slavery as its
basis can be a prosperous, happy, and enduring
i
empire; and, therefore, I cannot desire to see such
a one established in any part of the world." Mr.
GIBSON'S views on this case certainly do not repre-
sent the general feeling of the country. It is not
understood that slavery is the foundation of the
quarrel, nor the cause which is perpetuating the
war. Slavery may be " hateful, infidel, and pesti-
lent," as Mr. GIBSON asserts it to be, but it will
not be put down by the mode which the North are
adopting. Altogether, if this speech is the earnest
and forerunner of the policy about to be adopted
by Government next session, the augury is any-
thing but a happy one. Time must prove the
efficiency or non-efficiency of Ministerial measures,
but we are free to speculate, and the result of this
venture cannot be otherwise than doubtful as regards
the strength and stability of men who can say no-
thing better for themselves than is met with in these
wordy speeches which, after all, only come to very
lame and impotent conclusions.

UNSTAMPED AGREEMENTS.—A question arose on
two different cases in the Bail Court yesterday
illustrating the working of the stamp laws. In both the
point in the argument turned upon the form of agreements,
which, not being stamped, could not be produced in evi-
dence, and could not be stamped except on payment of a
fine of £lO. In the one case the action was compromised ;
in the other the fine was paid and the document produced
in court. Mr. Justice Blackburn observed that it would be
well if the Chancellor of the Exchequer could be persuaded
to alter this part of the law, as the injury often fell on the
wrong party.

THE NEW GAME ACT.—The Court of Common
Pleas delivered judgment on an appeal case yester-
day, which is of considerable importance in the constructiou
of the new Game Act. The magistrates of Essex convicted
several persons of an offence under the new act whom a
policeman found walking along a high road, one of them
having rabbits in his possession and the others bearing
evidence on their persons that they had been engaged in
rabbit-poaching. The prisoners appealed on the ground
that they were not seen trespassing on any land. Chief
Justice Erie delivered the judgment of the Court that it
was not necessary prisoners Should be seen in the act of
trespass; it was enough if, as in this case, there was evi-
dence from which the trespass could be reasonably inferred.
The sentence was therefore confirmed.

PROFITABLE PREACHING.--0a the first Sunday
of the new year the Rev. Remy Ward Beecher
announced to his congregation (Brooklyn, New York) that
the pew-rents for last year amounted to 18,549 dols. Notico
was given that the sittings for the present year would be
let at public auction that evening,

THE ACTON MURDER.—The inquest on the police-
man Davey, who was so barbarously shot at his own
door in the village of Acton, was begun yesterday after-
noon, when the widow of the deceased man and the surgeon
who made a post-mortenz examination gave their evidence.
The poor woman, who went to the door to answer the knock,
said that when she opened it there was no one in front, but
a man's voicefrom behind a pillar asked if her husband was
at home. She had heard the voice once before, when her
husband, with whom the man was then speaking, told her
it was young Brooks. She thought she could identify the
voice if she heard it again, and the inquest was adjourned
till she should have an opportunity of doing so.

SINGULAR OCCURRENCE.—PeopIe in the neigh-
bourhood of Ottawa, Canada, have been startled
lately to find that soon after dark, at intervals of about half
an hour, the ground beneath them has been felt perceptibly
to shake, accompanied with a rumbling sound somewhat
resembling that of an earthquake. Nervous persons were
naturally somewhat alarmed, and many were under the
teory advanced by
im-
pression that the phenomenon was the effect of an earth-
quake.mrdrsre Itsonfce a longt
intelligentshort
pe continuance,intervals,rs)n sa nfhowever,odrbthidand its
suchrepeated
an idea in the
eh
them is that the very severe frost which has prevailed has
so far penetrated the earth, owing to the absence of snow,
that it hascaused the ground to move. In support of this
view large cracks appear in the ground, extending to the
length of nearly a quarter of a mile. They have been ob-
served to extend even under the houses.—Quebec Mercury.

TIIE COTTON SUPPLY ASSOCIATION.—At the
weekly meeting of the executive committee of this
association, held on Tuesday last, grants of cotton seed
were made to cultivators in Brazil, Costa Rica, and New
South Wales. A cotton gin was also granted to an appli-
cant in Queensland. A letter was read advising the pur-
chase of a quantity of New Orleans and Sea Islands cotton
seed in New York on account of the association, the
bulk of the New Orleans seed being intended for
distribution by the Turkish Government in its do-
minions. A letter was also read from a gentleman in
Tobago, suggesting that cotton cultivation should be car-
ried on there on a large scale by the aid of freed negroes
from the United States, and giving an estimate of the cost
of cultivation, showing a handsome profit to those en-
gaging in the proposed undertaking.
ONE GAMEKEEPER SHOT BY ANOTHER.—A
shocking aff.ir took place on Saturday last, on the
estate of Sir Thomas Whichcote, Bart,, at Aswarby, near
Sleaford. The head gamekeeper and the under gamekeeper
were out shooting rabbits, the former taking the line of the
hedge, and the latter occupying a position in the field some
distance away. Suddenly a rabbit started from the hedge
bottom, and the head keeper fired, killing the rabbit. Some
of the shot struck the root of a tree, and one glancing off at
an obtuse angle, entered the eye of the under keeper, pene-
trating to the bra'n, and killing hint on the spot. -
,i, lAS H
c 0
rPoSw
dAeNaD
mTHEi
gSUNDAY
dEXCURSION
TB.AINS.—A crowded meeting was held last even-
inglast at Cambridge.hall, Newman-street, Oxford-street, Mr.
Leaden in the chair, for the purpose of publicly protesting
against the recent attempt of the episcopal bench to induce
Directors of railways to
dtscontinue the running of excursion
trains on the Sunday. The Chairman having 'oriel!), opened
the proceedings, the meeting
was addressed by Dr. Refill,
Messrs. Medland, Slack, Bonny, Morrell, and other gen-
tlemen, and a resolution was adopted, with three dissen-
tients, cmdenmatorY of the proceedings of the bishops.
A memorial to rail way
directors was also adopted, pray-
ing them to continue the Sunday excursion trains during
the ensuing excursion season. A vote of thanks was passed
to the committee of the Sunday League for convening the
meeting, and to the chairman for presiding.
Tile long-announced " Muotto de I'ortici was re-
vived at the Grand Opera, Paris, on Monday even-
ing. The housewas crowded,and the rept esentation of Auber's
‘vork was, it is stated, in the hi hest
duet Amour sacre de la
hest degree successful. The
Temps 81/3'B : The celebrate
Patric produced as usual an immense effect : it aroused the
enthusiasm of the entire house, and the patriotic emotion
Which filled the audience was a long time in subsiding."
The scenery and dresses, it is reported, are very splendid.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

FRANCE.

PARIS, JAN. 22.

The Illonzteur of this morning publishes a report,
signed by MM. Persigny and Rouher, which is fol.
lowed by a decree of the Emperor opening credits
of 5,000,0001. for the Ministries of the interior and
Public Works.
These credits are destined for the subvention of
works of communal utility, for the assistance of
benevolent institutions, and for the execution of
works of an industrial character.

The IPar's papers of this tanning publish tele-
grams from Lisbon, dated January the 21st, assert-
ting that the Duke de Saldanah wiil take the
Presidency of the Council, and that he will be re-
placed at Rome by the Marquis de Loule.
The Pays adverts to the rumours prevalent with
regard to the French successes in Puebla. It states
that the accounts are satisfactory, inasmuch as
they come from a quarter which would not will-
ingly give credit to any news at all advantageous to
France. It expresses a hope that General Forey
has purposely delayed the departure of the expected
steam vessel, in order that on its arrival it might
convey the decisive intelligence of success to the
French arms.

The same journal announces the death of Madame
Cardinal, who had for forty years held an academy
for young persons. The highest testimony is ac-
corded to her merits, and the zeal with which she
aided the cause of Literature.

The Constituttonnel mentions the marriage of
the Marshal Canrobert to Miss Macdonald, who
counts among her ancestors the celebrated Flora
Macdonald, who was of so much service to Charles
Edward. It also mentions that the Princess Me-
thilde has arranged to give a grand entertainment
in the artistic style for which she is renowned.

L' Opinion Nationale, of this morning, discusses
the effects of the possible election of the Duke of
Saxe Coburg to the throne of Greece. Prince
Alfred, it remarks, would then become a member of
the Germanic Confederation, with a voice in the
Diet, and, being supported by British influence,
would greatly increase the influence of his small
principality. Prussia and Austria, who perform
alternately the parts of Jean qui pleure et Jean qui
rit, will take opposite sides in this matter. Prussia
will rejoice, inasmuch as the family ties and the
common religion will favour them, while the late
despatch of Earl Russell will render Denmark
very reluctant to see such an arrangement. Austria
will look with a suspicious eye on the change, and
would much prefer the accession of Prince Augus-
tus of Saxe-Coburg. This, however, is impossible,
as the constitution does not allow a Catholic prince.
France herself would not view with satisiaction
any increase of English influence on the banks of
the Rhine, which might arise in the uncertain times
in which we live. The Grecian question is thus
complicated in the extreme, but it appears impos-
sible to rely on the protocols of 1829 to exclude
from the throne of Greece the Duke of Saxe-Coburg
Gotha.

BOURSE, Jan. 21.—The market has not been
animated. Threes (for the Account) were at 69f
95c. The Railway Share market has been heavy.
Towards the close the market became very buoy-
ant, Stock was :n demand, and business left off as
follows :

It per Cents ..
Do. end month....
3 per Cents
Do. end month 7O 05
Mew 3 per Cents -
Do. end month —
Credit Mobilier 1167 50
Do. end month 1168 75
RAIL'

Bank Shares 3400
Credit Fonder l4BO
Piedmontese Fives
Italian Loan 7O 70
Russian - -
Austrian
Spanish Threes 53
Homo Debt

'AIM.

Cash. Account.
Orleans
Northern
New, ditto
Lyons and Mediterranean 1170 .. 1165
Geneva 4lB 75 .. 415
Southern B3l 25 .. 835
Western
Eastern ... .
Sardinian
Austrian
Lorpbard
North of Spain
Saragossa 662 50 .. 660
Ditto to Barcelona

MADRID, JAN. 21.

It is stated that Marshal Serrano is desirous of
re-establishing a good understanding between
France and Spain.

EGYPT.

ALEXANDRIA, JAN. 21.

The Consular Body was received by the new
Viceroy yesterday, and presented the following
address :

" The Consular Body has the honour to present to your
Highness its sincere felicitations upon your happy accession
to the Viceroyalty. Each of us has had the honaur to know
your Highness in private life, and on more than one occa-
sion to appreciate the eminent qualities which led your
Highness to avoid, with a reserve as dignified as it was wise,
taking any part in public business during the late Govern-
ment. Your Highness knew how to obtain respect
by respecting the rights of others. By devoting all
your activity to improve the condition of your
vast estates, your Highness afforded a model of
good Government. During the Regency which your
Highness was called upon to assume you were able, despite
the difficulties of tho position, to secure the earnest sympa-
thies of the people whose de: tiny was committed to your
charge, and in dealing with the foreign representatives your
Highness gave proofs of firmness and justice that inspired
the profound respect of the whole colony. Such ante-
cedents offer the best guarantee for the future of Egypt.
The European Powers all have the same interest in the
progress of a country, as important by its geographical
position as by its fertility and wealth, and in the develop-
ment o: its commerce, the source of prosperity as much for
the different nationalities which we represent as for the
inhabitants of the country which your Highness is called
upon to govern. That this common interest cannot be
more surely attained than by the serious and enlightened
mind of your Highness, the Consular Body is deeply con-
vinced, and, therefore, unites in one and the same wish that
Heaven may preserve your Highness during many long
years for the well-being and prosperity of Egypt."

After having thanked the Consular Body for the
good wishes expressed in the above address, the
Viceroy said :
" I am deeply impressed with the task which God has
imposed upon me by recalling my uncle, and placing me at
the head of the Government of Egypt. and I hope, under the
auspices of his Imperial Majesty, my august Sovereign, to
be able to worthily fulfil it.
" I am firmly resolved, gentlemen, to devote to the pros-
perity of the country which I am called upon to govern all
the perseverance and energy whereof lam capable. The
base of all good administration is order and economy in the
finances. This order and economy I shall follow by every
possible means, and, in order to give an example to all, as
well as a proof of my firm intention, I have resolved upon
abandoning the tystem of my predecessors, by fixing for
myself a civil list, which I shall never exceed.
" This measure will enabl.: me to devote to the develop-
ment of agriculture all the resources of the country. I shall
thus also bo able to abolish the fatal system of forced labour
(corvees) hitherto followed by the Egyptian Government in
its works, and which is the principal, and I may say, the
only
cause which has prevented, and still prevents, the
country from takieg all the development of which it is
susceptible. Due consideration shall also be paid to the
system of free trade in Governmental measures, which will
cause comfort to be diffused among all classes of the popu-
lation. As regards moral questions, public instructions,
which is the basis of all progress, and a good administra-
tion of justice, which is the basis of public security, Rill
have all my s: licitude, and from order in the finances
and the public administration and the good administration
of justice will result greater facility and security in the
relations of Egypt with European Powers. I hope, gentle-
men, that, convinced of the sentiments by which I am
animated, you will always afford me your loyal and en-
lighted support."

M. 13eauvil, the French representative, then
spoke, and said that the French Government had
alway& recommended that tLe system of forced

abour should not be applied in the works of the
Suez Canal.

The Viceroy replied that he had never thought
that France was ready to favour such a system, and
that he had no intention of alluding to the works
of the Suez Canal in his remarks.

The Viceroy's speech has produced a great effect.
CAIRO, JAN. 21.

An envoy of Ismail Pasha will leave for Con-
stantinople to notify his Highness's accession to the
Viceroyalty,

LITERATURE.

Kinglake's Invasion of the Crimea.

The Invasion of the Crimea ; its Origin and an
Account of its Progress down to the Death of
Lord. Raglan. By Alexander William Kinglake.

Vols. I. and 11. William Blackwood and Sons.
One of the most remarkable historical works of
this century has here, at length, made its appear-
ance. Long and eagerly as it has been expected,
it will be none the less cordially welcomed because
of the protracted delay of its publication. That
delay has rather whetted curiosity than blunted the
edge of it. Civilian though the author is, and there-
fore disqualified, to a certain extent, from assuming
any very conspicuously recognisable place as a dis-
tinctly military historian, he, nevertheless, is known
far and wide to have been so lavishly endowed with
many rare ana exceptional qualifications of another
kind—qualifications peculiarly fitting aim for the
very task he has here undertaken, that of penning
this elaborate record of the Invasion of the Crimea,
that soldiers even have not disdained to look forward
with solicitude to the appearance of Mr. Kinglake's
ennals of the Great Warlike Enterprise of our gene-
ration. As those of a Master of mere Style, our
author's abilities were known to be consummate.
And as according to Buffon's terse and truthful
axiom, le style c'est Thomme—the writer of
" Eothen" may well be considered to have long
since assumed high rank among his contemporaries.
By this second aad grander contribution to our
national literature, that position, won for himself
at a single bound, as it were, upon the apparition of
" Eothen," has been not simply confirmed, but in-
contestibly advanced and elevated. The exquisite
finish of "the Style" (here, in very deed, "the
Man") has, moreover, been wrought out during nine
years of deliberate study by this pen of power and
fascination. Mr. Kinglake thus consuming precisely
the mystic number of years recommended by
Horace under the symbol of the wine cups—

ic . . . tribus ant novem,
Miscentur cyathis pocula commodis,
Qui Musas amat impares,
Ternos ter cyathos attonitus petet
Yates."
Sentence after sentence has thus been touched into
beauty, and tempered to a marvellous flexibility and
keenness—each, as it were, as one of those ribbon-
like blades, from the City of the Rose and the Aloe,
glittering, incisive, and damascened. In the mere
manner of it, the work here submitted to us is, in
fact, as near perfection as could well be. The writer
has not alone, always completely at his command a
most copious and ornate vocabulary—he evidences
perpetually, in prose, that rarest gift of the
lyrist, the curiosa felicitas verborurn. His nar-
rative is ever pre-eminently picturesque. Mr.
Kinglake's version of History never reads
like an old Almanack. It has the
charm of romance and the passion of oratory.
One of the distinctive marvels of the work is this,
that a result so symmetric—(we speak here of the
mere arrangement of the narrative)—should have
been evolved, apparently with the utmost facility,
from a mass of evidence, both oral and written, in
itself, one might have supposed, as bewilderingly
chaotic as it is voluminous. State papers, public
and private correspondence among administrators,
and warriors, and diplomatists, and sovereigns,
military despatches, ministerial documents, the
blue-books of England and the livres jaunes of
France, these, and multitudes of other printed mat-
ters, have been pouring in, all the while he has been
preparing this History of the Crimea, upon Mr.
Kinglake—pouring in upon him singly or in
showers—always bringing, to his serene and medi-
tative intellect, help, and not (as another might
have dreaded) embarrassment. The Raglan papers
alone might, from their very abundance and diver-
sity, have confused a less sagacious or a lees con-
templative intelligence. With masterly discrimi-
nation, however, Mr. Kinglake has extracted from
these multifarious sources of information only what
was really of worth to himself as a narrator. And
with the facts thus collected he has tessellated his his-
tory. Now that that history is finished, or at least
that one part of it lies before us completed, we can
recognise in it the minute elaboration, the perma-
nence, and the splendour of a masterpiece of
enamelling. Slowly, as the work has been growing
up, under the careful hands of this great artist-
craftsman—the Ministers, the Admirals, and
the Generals of England, knowing all the while
what work it was that was in course of fabrica-,
tion—" I declare," he exclaims, looking back down
the perspective of his silent labours during these last
nine years,." I declare I do not remember that any
one of these public men has ever said to me that
there was anything which, for the honour of our
arms, or for the credit of the nation, it would be
well to keep concealed. Every man has taken it
for granted," he adds, " that what is best for the
repute of England is the truth." The circumstance
is one not unworthy, indeed, of being thus noted
down, for while it will not, as the writer observes,
in any way surprise his own countrymen, it can
hardly fail, we should imagine with him, to appear
"passing strange" iu the eyes of foreigners. The
History of the Crimean War, as here related by
Mr. Kinglake in these two opening volumes,
carries the reader on through more than 1,000
pages from the Origin of the War itself to the
close of the Battle of the Alma. When the
Second book is shut, it leaves the banners of
the Allies fluttering in triumph, bullet .riddled
and blackened with gunpowder, upon that blood-
stained plateau of Crim Tartary, thenceforth famous
in the annals of France and England. It is not
in his description of a military exploit, however, in
his delineation of the vicissitudes of a battle-field,
or in his enumeration of the intricate movements of
armies confronting each other in deadly strife,
that Mr. Kinglake's chief excellence can be said,
to our thinking, in any way to consist. There he is
beyond all doubt of it, immeasurably surpassed, not
only by the great military annalists of our own and
of other literatures, from Zenophon to Jomini and
Napier, but by such luminous narrators among civi-
lians as M. Thiers and Lord Macaulay. It is in his
limning of men rather than of events, in his por-
traiture of the actors rather than in his representa-
tion of the scenes themselves, that the author of this
extraordinary work may be said in some respects to
surpass almost all the historical contributors either
to ancient or to modern literature. Dead and
gone :navy of the personages here depicted are long
since—the Emperor Nicholas, Lord Raglan, Mar-
shal St. Arnaud, Admiral Jyo ns, the Earl of
Aberdeen yet one after another they are
awgai cti
dmoi
of
rtohri
se fmt ha
ge i
ciaasitl
brought before us on p
otentthism
by a touch from the p
of the pen. A sentence often, a single phrase
sometimes, depicts the individual referred to, not
partially or faintly, but vividly and com-
pletely and instantaneously as in a photograph.
Now it is Admiral Lyons, with that "anxious,
craving expression of features," having about it
something that reminded men of a greater name !
Now it is that other gallant Sea-Captain of ours,
Admiral Du a das, with his "square Scottish head and
his rough, shrewd, good-humoured eyebrows, grown
grey in the service of a political party !" 14iying

and dead, the chief characters in the history of the
time here flit across the disc of our vision. Sir Strat-
ford Canning rivets our attention one while, upon
a mere passing glance at those "thin, tight, merci-
less lips" of his, or at another charms us with "the
sea blue depth of the eyes that lighten upon us from
under the shadow of that Canning brow." Here,
however, is Mr. Kinglake's more careful pencilling
of—