The Sun.
London, England, 1801-03-23 00:00:00

NEUTRAL NATIONS.

As "the late Tfeaty of Armed Neutrality has
revived the exploded pretension,--advanced in
17go,.that . Free Ships shall make Free Goods,
and as the C.outrading, Patties have agreed. to
impose
.this principle by fame on the 'British:
Navy, as an antient and established rule of Ma-
ritime Law, it may not be indiferent to our
Readers to see what opinion was entertained
upon that subject by GROTILIS, whose Treatise
on the Law of Wae•and Peace is justly cOnsi-.
dered as the Standard Authority in all Questions
relative to the Law' of Nations.—His testimony
-is unquestionable, and his decision is conclusive.
We quote from page 732 -of the Amsterdam
Edition of 172 a.
Grotius, L. 3. c. 6. s: first lays down
the'principle, that Neutral- Property foundhn an
enemy's _town or fortress is not lawful prize.—
He then proceeds as follovv's

" Therefore wharfs Commonl' said that the goods -found
on board 'of an Encinrs Ship are to be. conskUred.as FAle-
my'i; Property, is not to be understood as if this were a
fixed rylc of the Law of Nations but only that such a
circumstance Aim's. a, certain degree of ,preSumptioni-
which may however be'repellixi by sufficient proof to the
contr:av : and in Holland, sd long ago as in the year 1333.
in tire War with the Ilaisse Tuwtta, this point was so de-
cided in full Court, and, from that judgment, has since
passed into a •Law."

To this Section Gto'rzus sobjoint the follow-
ing Note

" But, on the ptherh:md, the. Ships of -.Frier* are not
to be made prize of forcairying Enemy's Pluputty„ -unless
when it shall have Mn done luith the ccnsent of /he Owner::'
He then quotes his Authorities; and adds, • And this
rake to be the trtic Constructiotiof the LAWS OF VitANCL,
which.have subjeeleif both the Ships to be confiscated ..by
reason 'of their Carves, and the Cargoes on accuunu of the
Ships.' Such were the Laws of Francis the First, in 1;43,
ch. .tz ; of Henry the Third, in 1354, di. 69 ; and the
Law of Portugal% lib. r. tit: IS. Orber.reiii (that is, if
the o,.vncr himself pas not consented to.take.the Enemy's
property on board of his Ship), the Cerves alto:rare to he
made Prize of. Vid. Meutsilis Dzotiicorum, lib. a., .So
in the War between Venice-and Genoa, the Greek. Ships
were searched,. and. the Enemies,, if hidden there; were
taken out. Vii. Gregoras, lib: 9, Crantzius Saxon it.
and Albertius Gentitis Adv. Hisp. lib. '2,."

From this extrad it appears that GAUT! US had
not the smallest doubt that. Enemy's property
might lawfully be searched for in Neutral Ships,
arid, if found, that it became the lawful prize of
the captors. The only point which he considers
as questionable, is, .whether the Neutral Ship be
not .also subject to confiscation for. haring
Enemy's property on board : Which question he
decides by laying it down, that if the cw.T.er of
the Neutral Ship consented to receive:on board
thc:Enemv's,property, his Ship may in apt case
be lawfully confiscated ; but that otherwise the
Encliny's property alone, vAich is found on board,
SHALL DE TAKF.N AS LAWPIJI. PRIZE.

DESCRIPTIOY
Or' TliZ
o RAND lIIST,ORIC:AL PICTURE,

It'EFRt4tIiTINC THE GLORIOUS VICTORY Di,

LORD NELSON,
T L P CH :LBET, Of F THE 1/01.7T1t Of Tilt
NILE, AUGUST Ip 179 g. •

Ar•TE it the many illustrious Triumphs of tri-
tish Valour and Conduct,. recordod in the Naval
Atinalsof this Country,- and especially those of
the present War, • allot he r Viaory could scarcely
-have been expecicd, the .sple,ridSr of which should
so artraa the public admira.tiOli," as for a time to
eclipse in some measure all that preceded it. Yet,
ifwe consider the. important objeds of Lord Nel-
son's Expedition, the arduousness bf his under-
taking, the consummate ability With which his
attack was planned, and the undaTited intrepidity
with which that plan was carrit*Pinto execution,
together with the .unprecedented success which
eto-Wmed the undertalcing; with all its important
consequences, it must be allowed to equal, if not
t..xceed, whatei•er stands recorded in History, of "
British Valour and Condu& in Naval *Engage-
ments. The powerful Fleet of the Enemy almost
entirely destroyed, in such critical circumstances,
without the loss of a. single Ship on our part,
doubtless demands every 'consistent ••tribate of
gratitude and applauSe. which Britons arc capable
affoiding.% And it is humbly'hoped that the
Artist's efibrts to celebrate and perpetuate the
Honour of the Heroes of the Nile, will meet. with
(he liberal encOurag,emenr of the Public.
It refleets additional honour to the noble dia.
ratter in queStion, that in the moment of vidory,
when soll.complacenev is so apt to predominate,
he forgot' not 'to ascribe his success to that God
from whom alone valour, wisdom, and' prosperity
are derived, as public Letter sufficiently
lees.

The point of time .1\Ir: Orme has selelied, is
that in which the charsderr of thel-xave Admiral
shines vyith peculiar lustre. Hi& Lordship, in.
stigatea by that generous sentiinent Which has
ever been the peculiar charaaeristic of the British
Nation, Humanity for a vpquistred Foe, appears
'in the centre of th:. Picture (after having received
the wound over his right eye), in the attitude of
ordering- out the 'only boat condition ..
,for ser
trice, to the assistance of the espy belonging to
the French Aihniral's Ship,,L'Orient, which blew
-up about ten o'creek at night. Capt. Sir Edward
Berry, on one of.ril qtritrter-deck gims, it vs-.
pealing 'his I,..)rdhhip's orders at his right hand
is seen Lieut. Adye, whci
•wps woon,led; bei•ohd
him •Sitlicbliipman Ives ; and at the,..left of Capt.,
Berry, a Son of the late !•::r George Cultier.
Gilway,• the First.Lieuten:int; is .seed
assemblinz,some of the br VC• to acc'oinp.to.y
him in order to take pot,.,cksion -of one -ot the
French 74 gim Strips, the ,pitrtiatei 110
struck her flarto the Vanguard : betweinshm
and the Admiral is Lieut.. Compton,--abd at ti p
right h3nd Gjrret Grenion, the hO assisted
Lord Nclsgt in accenetiog from the -Coek.pit,
(whither he lxisbee'n.carriett to have his wound
dressea) to sce the explosion of the French Ad.

•
ruirai's Ship, wiiiclt tie had been iiiforea
Ca t: Berry was about to take place:
Nut fat of, Oii one.of the guns, is the
Midshipman Proby, a sons of Lord Carysfpit ;
and at a remote distance to.the right, is seen the
Battery ; as Oki a French Fripte, (wh:ch had
been sunk by our Men.of. War, In rassinglo their
Line) surrounded by several Gun-boats, and na:.
tiye Vessels:

In the centre of the' Pi are are 'represented
many of our.o.wn Shipsrparticularry the Zealous,.
Audacious, MinoUur, Leander, Swiftsure, and
Alekander; on the main-royal.of which last Ship,
fell a pone-light 4 that was thrown up-in the
,ex-
plosion of the L'Orient. •

'to tkieft of the.Pifture, some of Seamen
11AI...stripped, are emplOyed in hoistina out the
boat, and at the foot of the main:mast, othe,rs
are hauling up the toplifts, atld performing Ar' ari-
ous necessary duties of the Ship. Near the -star_
board gangway, are the BOatsvain; •Marines, and
other Seamen ; and. ;ft the end of tht . waste ap-,
pears part of the foremast fished with a jury -mast,
its the Vanguard had, previous to the Auiou, lost
her top.mitsts, and fore-Masts, in a gale-of wind,
the mainsail was cut in pieces by the Enemy's
shot, and during the night the main-yard gave
Way, and came upon deck. -

The utmost etilirrs have been made-tn do jus-
tice 'to this tremendous scene, and the Artist
been much assisted, in his endeavours by the per-
sonal:communications .of Sic•Edward.lierry, and
other -Officers of the Vanguard, who have, as also
his Lordship,. since their arrival in England, ex-
pressly sat to the Artist. .for this. magnificent
Work. The Pielure is of very considerable di-
mensions, as all the Portraits are the size-of life,
and is now exhibiting at No. 118, New Bond_
street. .

The Pebreena, Captain E; IS-arrived in the
Do‘ins from Smyrna, from whence she sailed the.
29th of January.. By the last accounts at-that place
from Macri, opposite Rhodes,. Lord K E 1111 and the
Troops under Generil ABERCROMBY -were to
sail- for Alexandria the twenty-eighth of Ja-
nuary ; the force consisted of about i 7,000. men,
all in good health and spirits. Lord Kim
had Seven Sail of the Line, besides Frigates.'
firsedivigion of Transports, consisting of about
20 sail, left,Smyrna on. the zSth January, under
•convoy of the V idoriequ- Brig: . It is supposed
they • rit into Misurnise, near Mek;tyn, as the
wind continued for three or fbur days to 1 the
Southward. The Transports left at Smyrna
were expelled to be ready the first week in Fe-.
bruary, and then to sail under convoy of tlie•Grey.
/mod Fitigate 1 they were part loaded with
foraoe and the rt, t fitted up as Horse :Ind Mule
Ships.

- On the rsth of February, Minorca bearing
West leagues,- saw .three. Frigates to wind..
ward,. who male sail after. the Priacessa, the wind
then at West, though nearly calm. They proved
to be the Mitierve, the Pearl,
_and SafttaTereta,
bound off Toulon. They told Captain. LEE ,to
look out for the Frbnch'Fleet arrived in the -Me-,
diterranean: :The Primceita arrived on the 18th at
Port Maiton..Afew hours after, J. B. WA it 12 Ey,
in the Renotun,, with 'the Gibraltar,. Di-iigon and
Pclzcnara arriyed from the West. The next morn.
lug Capt.LE'r was informed, that an embargo
Was laid on all vessels, upon which he applied ,to
Sir J. 13. WARR E and was permitted to-sail.,-1 be
Gentieux was manned by the People of the. Trans.
port, 'awl Crew.of the Santa Dorothea, acid formed.
one of Sir joH Nis Squadrqn— Capt. Lit
in the evening, and just. as he'.passed•Fort Sr.
Philip, the Llnifoifi Capt.'Sifetw, from S:tnyinai
anchored, .having 'Corne from Malta with .the
Haarlem. Captain Sit 'A w told him, that on the
18th, lie was on board the'S.).belle Transport,
Captain GREY' froth' Malta' to nihon. She
was captured on the tali, 'the French Fleet
of Eight Sail of the Line, two-deckers, two Fri-
gates, the Success Frigate; anti a Cutter, captured
trout.the English; but finding. the Syb.cile.had only
women on board they released her. The Fleet after.
wards stetted N.N.E.. At eight P. M. of the
ltst, fell in with a Fleet, apparently : ten or
twelve sail, tintrerbOnvoy of two Frigates, tt:lto*
-made !many signals, and blire -lights and
rockets,. but -did notespiak,thein,- h4ving afresh.
gale at West, they steering N.E. by N.• sup-.
posed for Mahon.

On the 28th of February, in lat. 37:53. king.
z. E. saw two-slips, one a Frigate; the-other a
two-decker; -the latter hoisted French col Ours,
and had the appearance of a French ship, but the
Frigate, which made private signals, was cer.
minty" English) Capt. Leis heard a report' at
Gibraltar, of three Spanish Lind of Battle Ships
being cruizing off Cape St. Vincent's.

/

Advices were-ryesterciay received in Town.,
from Falmouth, U,hich:mention the arrival there
of the /60t, a Southern Whale Ship. She left
St, Helena on the zstlrofjanuary. The W;ndror
Castle, Cufnell4 Royal.Cbarlotte, Clatton,
,two,
extra India Ships, and the Aurora Whaler, were
there When she sailed.
,The -Portland, THOMAS; 11 -also aqived at
FilMouth, from St. Helena ; on the 26th ult. she
spoke flic elaiTt-btritalt,•'PAßK:Elt, from Ports,-
mouth, •fnriTarbadoes,- in late zs. 0. long. 31.
30. NV. under eenviv of the Prcrel)te Frigate,' all
well. • .• •: •

, .
Tile gf,ifrily Castle, GA R. D.lti! from Bombay;
Atzng C I ..\tlx',-* hinx ,13t.AN rz, and He ro [WI
frqlp Bengal, are arfiveti at St: Helena
Some ~tpprehe:i ions.are entertaintd for
'Cainat;i• East Indj icnan, ,outward-bound, which
parted from her Couvoyio a gale of 'who. • .

Ite:4.:Aittuiral4iNtvrrY hai left Town for
moath, to be present at a Colirt.Martial to he
held upon ttis condtial rcspeailig the..lass of the
-•• , • • .

Captain totDAR, wto belongs to 'the Baltic
, t , d f-a
assenger on bQtrd the Invin-
i.6l,chpprit4,3. the First Lieutenant, some minutes
1.)2t0%-.. .truck, that the Pilot' ins
ad .17,i;; I 14C Ship on a •ridgt .of Sandy-which he

pciinted out; -brit thePitot4efeised to listen to atik
adnionition:. .The Sands were very distinetly
poinfed out in several chartidn board: _

Thirteen sail of Indiamen, with some Ships
for the Cape of Good Hope, SOudi Seas, &c: are,
wind-bourid at Portsniouth. The Mediterranean
Fleet, under charge of the Si: Fiorivzo and Santa
,Afargaretta Frigates, it similarly circumstan.:eci
at Plymouth: - .

Between Christmas 17A)5 And the t6itt
.of June fnlidwing, 36 English, Is American, 8
Danes, ± liorttiguise, and one 'S'wedish Vessel;
arrived at the Cape of Good Elope,

HtsllA)Rsyr_walked out on Saturday, in the
Gardens of-13uckin4ham House.
On Fridv-mornang His Royal Highness the
DUKE 0/YOkK arrived. at 13.1 th, .where he had ,
the happiness of-Anding atn bk I)uthets hi
an iznproved.state of heath. On'S.lairday night
late, he-again set Off for London.
A Council of His MAJESTY'S Ministers. was.
yesterday Ire.l ac Lord' E,BJJ R Y's•
in wuing-strect. - • ,
Mr. PITT, we belicne, finished all his businest
at the
...Treasury, bn on Out d,ty,
removra to his own hotie. iii Park" Iclace. •

"Ilse Charrcelior of iite-Excl.?equei is-,exi;eae&-t
;0 take his Sat in. the liduse Of Coir.:non this
day:- • • • •

We ire authOrized to contr'aditc.i, itr.the riiost
positive terms, a s.taiement has • a f,ra rtAi •
in mu t of the Papers, 74' of a Friend. of :Me} •
.CAN SI NG having been appoiotO to the.rtiertitiv.
Office,of C011e&or Of the customs- in jattla.k.a,''''.
no such appo?nttri-nr haVing taken place;'
Or.lers Wkre -issued .brt' Wednesday, hy
Commander in Chief of the Western ttistrid, to
the Colonels of such tegitnents,as are in garrison at_
PlymOuth, to se'reet 40 stout,Men, with Non-eoth-.
misiioned Officers in proportion, to:be -attached_
to the field pieces, and instructed in Thy. field
,piece and great: gun exercises • Six-ts' hum Inch.
of the detachments of differ6lc Regiments in Mill •
Frankfort Barradit ate to iiealsu,seledted-fot the

above purpose. • The Non-commi.ssioned Officers,
-and Privates ,of the Lyt,R,egiment. of Dragoons,
'dismounted, are not' to be included in— these 4
'orders. As soon as the Commanding Officer or
the Royal Artillery has reported these men per:
feff in the field 'piece al.O great gun ex•;reise,
similar detachments from the'. Garrison and front
the Mak& Heights 13arrneks are to follow in•sue..l
cession, till the, whole of the troops are apotied
fit for this very important service.
The "WeitmOreland Militia on' Thtutd,ty,ar..l*
rived at Yarmouth.

On Friday an Order arrived at Canterlinry "for_
the i7th Regiment of Light Dragoons to march
to _Rea:fing, and a division was to set out orP
Saturday morning.

About 7000 Cwt. Offlour .were imported from :
-America,ouring the last week..
lis the prices of wheat, rye, flour, be rl pgase,
bea,nu are sei-erallyBeaperi In the coantry
the
,prices have been sUbje4,•taunuyaal fluautr-
tioiis.. At Blandford wheat has fai;t:n. in pt ke -
lc:A. per load ; at Lynn n'earlj, as mtich'; ilt•Stant-
ford (on the avertige)• 9d, per. quarter;: at
Louth abeiur 8s and t Worcester, W'arminster,-)
and many other places the rtces 'have declinM.:
SUR consequence' of, the Civil'
.
.litany. Or/eminent Province-
ha:+tit;g:be ti isamlut:red- to -tiie Prebiku6y.-orl
Madras;- and_ the intorictr.,,cninist ration of the
`City of :Ririe, arid' its 150e.ntlesnt les, 'ha v tig 664
vested, .by Treaty, ,i4l.thc,;East..india Companr,
the .ilsblishmonr of -Chief atid.Cooncil has beet
':abolished, and the following al-tingemetit-sub:-,
•stituted :
DAN.' EX, Stir to be LiCUterialit:Go-
- of Sufat Casde.-
A LEXAND4 RAMSEY,' Eq. to. beipdge add ,
Magistrate.
littwAlto GAo,Ev,..F.sq..:to be CollciEto.r.
i:L /um ERI • 4tq! ro tie CO Oin -
• Jbau elmite,H.,—Esq. to be Mitit-Mas;er.
Prov Lion hap Jitcewrse. been made•tiy the fti"..•
s:itutioi3 -of; Qtiiirtetly cciar.t4, , .:
footing similar-to ;hose 6tablihhed at. Sake tte -and •
Catania. • • ; .
The average Price• of ,Sugar, coMitiir,l. from
the Returris madofor 'tbe ending dr.! r 8 t h
of March,, iGG Sel,ent"-eight Si; ohd Ezi hr.
'lace Fartibing per clv ..;. ,
A carpenter at ,Andayer, discriver.,•:
ed a cup buried -in his'. gaiden, about- eighteci
inches below the..,ktirface, which contained
wardsof , fifty; pieces of 4nrietir silver Coin.

;', :

Yeiterriay so/nnight the temporary brii!ge
erzetcd across the Avon; between. the oic3 :.in
new town of Bath, was opened. Its spati is 146
eat,, and it was finished in three months.

In consequence of the heavy 'fall of rain on
Saturday se'nnight, in the neighbourhood of
Loughborough, the . waters 'rose so rapidly,
that Mr. Draper had° a; sheep drowned in his
meadows below Any'
,assistance could be. giv en
them. Several other Gentlemen • had sheep
droWned at the same time. •

A man pretending to be deaf and dumb, and to-,
tell fortunes, was publicly `v. hipped through
Mali-Chester, on I:bursclay.. lie hid received a.
considerable sum of money from the credulous
yotmpvomen of the neighbourhood' before they
discovered him to bean impostor.
At Maidstone Assizes, R. 11,,Zoklg, 7, Sea.
`mond!, and, J. Sh,bpherd, were conyia,ed of rob,.
Bing Messrs. Wood and Stow, and received sen-
' tence to be hung near Shooters-hill, where they
'committed the crime. Several. other ind;ichnents
were found against them for similar offcnces.

On Wednestlay, at the Assi-zes of Maitisrone,
Mr. Waddington was
.nonsuited in an A&ion he'
btpught against the Eiecutors. of Mr. H. Sim.
moods,' respefting a forehand bargain on 1-11-ys.
The Ziblicatian anti:lca to in tittell terms of
approbation by the Marquis of LANSDOWNE,
in 'the Debate or. "Priddy lat,t, in the House 'of
Loith, is Mr.._ GQ-I.DSNtli'll'S Translation of the
46 State of the Fc'eneh Republic at the end of the
year 8 the-Author•of ‘vh.icl,l is Citizen,HAy-
TE RIVE,- the Under Secretary for Foreign Aft