The Sun.
London, England, 1863-08-12 00:00:00

THE SUN, LO DON. WEDNESDAY EVENING. AITOTTST 12, 18G3

dooming them to that second state of guilt which
is worse than the first; they are-injuring society at
home, and endangering the safety and risking the
property of many. They are also inflicting losses on
their sister colony by depriviig them of useful
labour, and throwing away the chance of conferring
a double boon on those who employ and those who
serve. It is to be hoped that a better understand.
ing will be come to on this point, and that no stop-
page will be put to a system which has been seen
to possess so many and such vast advantages to all
classes.

We are not surprripisceuuhe the
ca dbbsnyrl o l that the verdict of the jury
at the inquest held on the victims to the late rail-
way accident is severe and uncompromising in its
character. The experience of the last few years has
been so disastrous with respect to excursion trains
t
that there is some dangeraie ot
tl
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puromepp sl
pt breezes.
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oe
gheerf
aassfbyrirruderessseati
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ngegobser
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i
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retno to
been dwellersadvantageous
the receipts of the shareholders, A series of start-
ling catastrophes have somewhat diminished its
popularity, but it seems that with due care and
precaution excursion trains might be even safer than
those ordinarily running from the lesser speed re-
quired. We all remember the terrible disaster which
two years ago threw a gloom over one of the most
popular and busy of the excursion lines. There
were not wanting moralists who pointed to it as
a warning against Sunday travelling. But
before many days had passed, while every incident
of the first tragedy was fresh in our minds, came a
second shock, this time occurring on a week day.
The moralists were silenced, but the general feelings
of alarm, sorrow, and indignation were very loudly
expressed. All sorts of improvements and cautions
were suggested, apparently with good effect, for
the various companies, who no doubt shared fully
in the general regret and consternation, have
guarded against a repetition of such catastrophes
This season, however, has not been brought to a
close without disaster. An accident has converted
a pleasure expedition into a journey to death and
suffering; and although it might have occurred to
any ordinary passenger train, there are some points
about it which reflect upon the management of
excursion trains. The accident foretold so long
ago by a sceptical inquirer to the great founder of
our railway system, and treated by him with quiet
contempt, has verified the justice of the objection
in a manner that no one in this generation antici-
pated. A bullock straying on the line was the cause
of the disaster by which four persons have lost their
lives, and eleven have been seriously injured. The
engine, though thrown into the air by the shock,
again alighted on the rails, followed by the three
next carriages. The fourth carriage, as is not sur-
prising, got off the line, taking with it the two
third-class carriages immediately behind it.
These carriages, inferior in price, were also, it
seems, inferior in quality, and the shock, which did
not materially affect the one, dashed the other to
pieces. This is a point which the directors of every
line would do well to look to. People expect less
accommodation when paying a less fare, but they
do not expect increased risk to life and limb. The
second and third-class carriages should be made as
secure from accident as the first, and the public are
not prepared to admit that one man's life is worth
less than another because his purse is lighter. The
jury alluded to the state of the carriages
in strong terms, and it is certainly much to
be regretted that such weak and fragile
constructions should have been put upon an
excursion line. Another serious mistake was the
one so very frequently committed by the arrangers
of the time tables, although it is a mistake to whist
the greater part of our excursion accidents are due
The trains followed each other in such quick suc-
cession that, although the danger was detected be-
fore the shock came, the driver could not stop, the

next train being close behind him. A quarter of an
hour's difference between two heavily laden trains
subject to fluctuations of sped from various causes,

AMERICA.

RErTER'S TELEGRAM.

LIVERPOOL, AITG. 12.

The Liverpool and Manchester papers publish a
despatch, to the effect that a private telegram put
on board the City of London at the last moment,
says it was currently reported and generally be-
lieved at New York that the Federals had captured

Fort Wagner.
The City of London has reached Liverpool, bui
brings nothing in confirmation of this despatch.

(REUTER'S EXPRESS.)

NEW YORK, AUG 1.
The following is the " situation," as describ.d by
the New York Herald of to-day :
" Information received at Washington yesterday
from the army of the Potomac states that Lee
massed his forces at Culpepper on Wednesday, and
made other preparations to give us battle on the
Rappahannock. His first advance, south of Cul-
pepper, was to foil us in taking the Fredericksburg
route ; but finding we did not advance, he concen-
trated his army at Culpepper. The Rappahannock
is guarded from Fredericksburg to Ely's Ford on
the Rapidan by one rebel regiment. The Rapidan
is fortified south of Culpepper.

"Mosby's gang made an extensive haul of
antlers on Thursday night at Fairfax Court-house.
'There is no Union force stationed immediately in
the Courthouse. The sutlers of the army of the
Potomac have been generally advised of the fact,
but it is a convenient resting-place at the end of
,he first day's journey, and some six or seven
sutlers, with their trains, wares, and chattels,
bivouacked there, and were all made prisoners.
" Gen. Gillmore's despatches to Gen. Halleck
state that his total loss in killed, wounded, and
missing during the three days' action on Morris
Island was only 985, of whom 350 are missing.
" The news from Kentucky and Tennessee con-
tinues most discouraging for the rebel cause. On
Thursday, near Paris, the rebels, 375 strong, drove
in our pickets and unsuccessfully attempted to flank
our troops and burn the bridge. They were
dEven back two miles, when the 45th Ohio came
on their rear, captured 15, and drove the rest
towards Mmint Sterling.
" Col. Sanders attacked their main force, about
2,000 strong, at Winchester, with 8 pieces of artil-
lery. The rebels retreated tcwarda Irvine, Colonel
Sanders pursuing them.
"A despatch from Memphis, of the 28th ult.,
says that the forces sent on under Colonel Hatcb, to
look after the rebel troops enforcing the conscrip-
tion in Weat Tennessee, had a fight at Lexington,
routing the rebels and capturing Colonel Campbell,
of the 23d Tennessee, 2 lieutenants, 25 Frivates, and
2 cannon. Colonel Campbell was en route from
Chattawooza to join General Pillow, who is under-
stood to be near Paris, Ky.
"A despatch from Cincinnati reports that the
rebels were attacked yesterday at Lancaster by
our troops, and hud 20 killed and 100 captured.
The enemy got possession of Stanford Keys at
noon, but our cavalry soon drove them out, with
great loss, and at last accounts they were making
for the Cumberland River.

" We learn from Vicksburg that General Herron
has gone to Mobile with his division. Our army at
Vicksburg has fallen back to the Big Black River.
It Was reported that Joe Johnston was retreating to
Mobile.

"By the arrival of the Morning Star from New
Orleans, with dates to the 25th, we learn that the
Mississippi is fully open to navigation. Several
steamers had arrived at New Orleans from St.

Louis, within a few days. General Franklin had
reached Baton Rouge.
" Our war vessels are committing some havoc on
the enemy. The United States steam•sloop Ossipee,
captured on the 20th ult. the James Battle and
m. Bagle, loaded with cotton, blockade runners
from Mobile.

" The United States steamer Sciota, off the coast
of Texas, on the 7th ult., chased two small vessels
laden with cotton, both of which ran ashore and
were burned by our men, there being no means of
saving them. Oa the Thursday following, while
pat,sing Corpus Christie, two vessels were discovered
at anchor behind Mustang bland, apparently loaded
with cotton and awaiting an opportunity to escape
the blockade. A rifled 20 pounder was fired at,
them, when both got under weigh and stood up the
bay about 6 miles, where they grounded and were
then burned.

" On the 22d ult. the privateer Florida was still
1 at Bermuda, her departure having been delayed by
the rEfusal of the naval authorities to furnish her
with fuel ; but she was then getting a supply from
the rebel steamer Harriet Pinckney, and would sail
in a day or two on her voyage of destination.
" Our advices from Nassau, NP.., are to 26th ult.
The Federal gunboat Tioga arrived at Nassau on
the 24th ult. from Key West, and left shortly
afterwards. The Governor of Bahamas had re-
ceived an intimation from Lord Lyons that his
lordship's efforts to induce the Washington Cabinet
to withdraw its prohibition of exportation of live
stock to Nassau have been wholly fruitless. Ad-
vices report that several blockade runners had
returned, unable to enter the rebel ports.

The following additional particulars appear in
the New York journals :
General Jonn Morgan and Colonel Cluke and
staff arrived at Cincinnati, July 27, shortly after
ten o'clock, over the Little Maine Railroad, guarded

by troops under General Sehackelford, the captor
of Morgan. It consisted of Morgan and Cluke, with

. -
their staff and orderlies, amounting in all to 31 per.
sons. On disembarking from the train they Were
taken in charge by a detachment of the 111th Ohio.
A large crowd assembled at the depot, and as
the prisoners moved immense numbers were added
to it. Wnen they marched down 9th-street not less
than 5,000 persons surrounded the famous guerilla
and his aides. Many of these lookers-on seemed
excited, and cried, " Ring the cut-throats."
" Bully for the horse thieves." Several of the
spectators were flourishing pistols, but the guard
quickly drove them away.

The field baud of the 111th discoursed " Yankee
Doodle" on the march, which the prisoners endured
with complete sung froid. Morgan on the way in-
terrogated the captain commanding the guard con-
cerning the whey, abouts of his brother. His ques-
tion on that point being answered, he turned and
said, "Puss up that whisky." Tbe whisky was
pissed forward in a canteen, which the General
proffered to the captain, who
politely refused. The
General then took a long pull.

They were ensconced in the city prison shortly
before eleven o'clock. Before locking them up they
were deprived of a large number of pistols, which
they stated they had been permitted to retain by

the terms of surrender. There was a bushel of
pistols, all loaded, stowed away in the office of the
city prison last night, all of them revolvers, many
of the officers carrying a brace.

Morgan is fully six feet high, and of preposses-
sing, though not imposing presence. He wet,
attired in a coat, black pants, white shirt, and

light felt hat. No decorations were visible. He
has rather a mild face, there being certainly nothing

in it to indicate the possession of unusual intellec-

tual qualities.

Colonel Cluke is very tall, rising probably two
inches over six feet. He was attired much after
the manner of his chief. He is slender, has sandy
hair, and looks like a man of invincible determina-
tion. His countenance is not devoid of certain
savage lines, which correspond well with his bar-
barities as a leader,

The whole lot is a counter part of the squads we
have heretofore seen of the same command. The
same motley dress and the same decorous behaviour
(no great merit in the last trait) distinguish them.
Our advices from Nassau, N. 8., are to the 26th
ul t.

The Union gunboat Tioga arrived at Nassau on
the 24th ult. from Key West, and having communi-
cated with W. C. Thompson, Esq., United States
Vice-Consul, left shortly afterwards,
The steamer Arabian, from Wilmington, N.C.,
arrived at Nassau on the 24th ult. The Arabian
had been detained by the rebel authorities at Wil-
mington on suspicion of her being owned in New
York ; but proof of British ownership having been
established she was allowed to proceed.
WASHINGTON, JULY 31.
The following was received to-day at the head-
quarters of the army :
"Department of the South, in the field,
Morris Island, S.C., J uly 23.
" Major General H. W, Halleck, General-in-Chief,
United States Army, Washington, D.C.

" Sir,—My medical director in the field reports
an aggregate loss in killed and wounded in our
hands of 635. I judge there are 350 missing. The
losses cover the three actions of the 10th, 11th, and
16th inst. Many of the wounded will return to
duty in a week or ten days. The health of the
command is improving.

"Respectfully your obedient servant,
" Q. A. GILMORE,
"Brigadier• General Commanding.'

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW ILRK, July 31, 6 p.m.
The money market continues as easy as could be
desired. Money is offered in large amounts to the
leading brokers at 5 per cent., and at 6 the specu-
lators in light fabrics find no difficulty in getting
supplied. There is less caution than there was
some time ago in scrutinising margins; railway
stocks are improving in the opinion of bankers
as a collateral, and those which pay regular divi-
dends stand as high as any other class of securities.
Debt certificates are steady. Mercantile paper
continues to be quoted at 5 per cent. for strictly
prime names, and 5-} to 64 for good mercantile
paper.

Gold advanced to-Jay to 129 k, cosing at 5 p.m.
at 129. Exchange sold at 1411 to 142 for bankers
bills. No special cause is assigned tor the adviuc,
in gold and bills, but it was evident some days
since, that unless we heard of the fall of Charleston
the tendency of the market would rather be toward
reaction after the recent heavy decline. There will
be a heavy specie export to-morrow.
The stock market opened weak this morning, and
there was rather a disposition to improve the reac-
tion by putting out some sellers' options. But at
the close of the first board the decline brought in
flesh buyers, and the market soon recovered
strength. At the first board Cumberland fell oft
k per cen►.; Quicksilver, 1; New York Central,

1; Erie, 11 ; Hsrlan, 2; Erie Preferred, 1 ; Hud-
son, 227 Reading, 1; Michigan Central, ; Southern
Old, 11; Illinois Central, 11 ; Cleveland and Pitts
burg, 1; Galena, 1 ; Terre Haute, :; Toledo, a ;
Rock Island, -1 ; Fort Wagner, 1, &0.., &c. State
Stocks were steady. Missouris a better. Govern-
ments were steady, without activity. After the
board there was a rally in the whole
market; and at the 1 p.m. call the transactions show
an advance on the active shares of 4 to 1 per cent.
all round. Erie sold at 103, against 1012 at the
first board. People who sold two mornings since
at 104, appear to be quite eager to get in again at
the decline; no one seems to look for a reaction of
Ito 2 per cent. At the second board the upward
movement was continued, and the market be-
came very buoyant. The advance was re-
sisted by the regular bear operators, who
tried to hammer some of the leading fancies ;
but their efforts appeared to have no Effect in check
ing the advance. While the existence of obear
interest will naturally impart strength to the next
upward surge, Erie rose I ; Central, ; Southern,t ;
Fort Wagner, 1 ; Rock Island 2, &c. Central was
especially strong, selling dividend off at 1251. It is
understood that a new party, with head-
quarters at Albany and Soratoga, has been
t'ormed to put up the price of Central, and
operators, who are supposed to be in their
secrets, talk of an extra dividend, and 150 for the
stock. It ought to sell as high as Hudso❑ River.
At the 4 p.m. call the market was very strong in..
deed. Fe%v stocks were offered for sale, and every
one wanted to buy.
Cotton was in good demand, and 2,300 bales were
reported sold at 61c. and 63c. for middlings.

PENSIONS FOR DISTINCTION IN LITERATURE
AND SCIENCE.—Her Majesty has been graciously pleased
to grant a pension of £7O a-year to Mr. Joshua Alder.
" ATHENS ON THE SPREE," as the Prussians like
to call Berlin, has about a dozen daily papers, with from
6,000 to 20,000 subscribers. There are in Germany, ac-
c,irding to a recent return, 1,221 newspapers, of which no
less than 249 are dailies.
WHAT NEXT ? Not satisfied, apparently, in the
" Show" Way, with going to "the detnnition bow-
Wows," as Mr. Mantalini has it, nor with the announcement
of a coming " cat show," Londoners have it now actually
announced to them that at an early date a prize show 01
London costermongers' donkeys will be held, with a view
to the encouragement of humane owners among the poor
and the well-being of that useful and too often misused
animal.

CHARLES DICKENS'S ACCOUNT OF A FOUR
PENNY HALFPENNY DINNER.—It had just struck
twelve, and a qui& succession of faces had already begun
to appear at a little window in the wall of the partitioned
space where I sat looking over the books. Within this little
window, like a pay•box at a theatre, a neat and brisk young
woman presided to take money and issue tickets. Every one
coming in must take a ticket. Either the four fence-halt
penny ticket for the upper room (the most popular ticket, I
think), or a penny ticket for a bowl of soup, or as many
penny tickets as he or she chose to buy. For three penny
tickets one had quite a wide range of choice. A plate of
cold beef and potatoes; or a plate of cold nam and pota-
toes; or a plate of hot minced beef and potatoes; or a
bowl of soup, bread and cheese, and a plate of plum
pudding. Touching what they should have, some customers
on taking their seats fell into a reverie—became mildly dis.
tracted—postponed decision, and said in bewilderment, they
would think of it. One old man I noticed when I eat
among the tables in the lower room who was startled by the
bill of fare, and sat contemplating it as if it were something
of a ghostly nature, The decision of the boys was as rapid
as their execution, and always included pudding. There
were several women among the diners, and several clerks
and shopmen. There were ( arpenters and painters from
neighbouring buildings under T epair, and there were nautical
men, and there were, as one diner observed to me, " some of
most sorts." Some were solitary, some came two together,
sum dined in parties of three or four, or six. The latter
talked togefltei, but assuredly no one was louder than et
my club in Pail-Mall. One young fellow whistled in rather
a shrill manner while he waited Tor his dinner, but I was
gratified to observe that he did so in evident defiance of my-
uncommercial individu:klity. Quite agreeing
with him,
onsideration, that I had vo business to be there, unless,.
dined like the rest, I i
wont in," as the phrase is, for
h fourpence-halfpenny. '1 ho rapidity with
wlldiceheevrietry withyw
01E2
corner got served, was remarkable; and the dexterity
month before)
discharged their duty, was as agreeable o art
see,
a .
which the waitresses (quite new to the
as the neat
smartness with which they wore their dress and had dressed
their hair. If I seldom saw better waiting, so I certainly
t
never it'e better meat, potatoes, or pudding. And the 8014.
was an honest and stout soup, with rice and barley in it,
and "little matters for the teeth to touch," as had been ob-
served to me by my friend below stairs already quoted.
The dinner-service, too, was neither conspicuously hideous
for high art nor for low art, but was of it pleasant and pule
appearance. Concerning the viands and their cookery, one
last remark. I dined at my club in Pall-Mall aforesaid, a
few days afterwards, for exactly twelve times the money
oa,ncdlonckotsthraulefk,asanwd changed pretty
company thickened er one
pretty quickly _,From the new
paper of " The Uncommercial Traveller" in this day's No.
of" 411 the Year Bound,"