The Sun.
London, England, 1863-04-18 00:00:00

THE SILKWORM,

-
M. Guerin-Meneville, at a late sitting of the
French Socie.e d'Acclimatation, gave an account of
the results obtained in various parts of France from
the endeavours to overcome the baneful effects of
the disease of the silkworm. It appears from this
account that all attempts to find a specific against
this disease have signally failed, but that most
practical men are now of opinion that the disorder
is owing to the blight which has attacked the mul-
berry tree in various districts. It is now certain
breeds brought from places where the disease of the
silkworm does not exist yield a goad crep the first year
in the infected districts, but cannot be propagated,
their eggs being tainted like those of the diseased
worms. Hence breeders are obliged every year to
import eggs from foreign countries, when they can
find healthy ones, which becomes daily more diffi-
cult. Nevertheless, from the experiment made with
great care, it would seem that eggs obtained from
diseased silkworms will produce a breed exempt
from the disease in a country where the latter has
not yct broken out. In order the better tocorrpare the
results obtained in different departments, M. Guerin-
Meneville has established a " central laboratory of
comparative serieicult tire," at the school of Ailanthi-
culture, which he has founded at the Emperor's
farm, near Vincennes, where all the experiments
made by the various agricultural societies of
France are repeated, compared, and centralised.
The acclimatisation of the silk worm which feeds
on the Ailanthus, or Japan varnishtree, is pro-
gressing favourably both in France and in
other parts of Europe. The Palma-Christi silk-
worm has succeeded admirably at La Plate.
That which feeds on the oak has failed in France
for the present, but it is likely to succeed this year
in Holland, eggs having been brought over from
Japan by M. Pomp, Van Meert der Woort. The
silkworm is called Ya-ma-mi by the Japanese ; it
lives in a wild state in an island called Fatsy-sio,
which is a place of exile ; the silk it yields is made
into very strong
stuff, which never changes its
colour, but which on the other hand takes no dye.
This silk is a monopoly of the Japanese Govern-
ment, and is not allowed to be an article of trade.—
Galignani,

to revolt had been able to excite. Our troops have
dispersed the bands which had shown themselves
in the Governments bordering on the Kingdom of
Poland, and their remains are pursued in the woods
in which they have sought refuge. However, in
spite of the folly of a hopeless struggle, the chiefs
continue to exercise all their efforts to mislead the
peaceable populations, and employ with that object
sometimes promises, sometimes menaces, and some-
times violence. Those inhabitants of the western
Governments who had joined the rebel bands and
have been taken by oar troops, or those whose parti-
cipation in the revolt has been proved by any other
means, are given over to justice. But we know that
all are not equally guilty, and we wish to give them
the means of profiting by our feelings of sovereign
clemency. With that view, We command that the
superior authorities shall be charged to declare
within the limits of the localities confided to them,
that We grant en entire and complete pardon to all
the inhabitants of the west implicated in those dis-
orders, who not having incurred any responsibility
for other crimes, shall return to obedience before
the 13th of May next. We maintain the hope that
this sovereign favour will be justly appreciated by
all well intentioned persons, and that, on their side,
they will continue to co-operate in the maintenance
of order End the public tranquillity, firmly convinced
that on this condition depends the realisation of the
plans which, since the commencement of our reign,
We have conceived with the idea of extending the
rights granted to Our faithful subjects and of pro-
gressively enlarging the sphere of activity traced
in the different local institutions of Oar empire.
The directing Senate is charged with the task of
taking the necessary measures for the execution of
the present ukase.

" ALEXANDER."

OVATION TO GENERAL BUTLER !

A letter dated New York, April 3, says :—Gene-
ral Butler last night addressed an audience of
about 4,000 people assembled at the Academy of
Music. He told his admiring listeners, many of
whom were ladies, that he would show no mercy.
He did not desire the restoration of the Union as it

was. He desired to punish the rebels, to hang them,
to reduce them to beggary, to confiscate their pro-
perty, and to parcel out their plantations among the
Northern soldiers. He advocated the arming of the
slaves against their masters and mistresses as a war
measure amply justified by necessity, and the re-
duction of the whole South to the condition of a
conquered territory, having no rights bat such as
the gracious conquerors should choose to bestow
upon it as an incentive to future good conduct.
As regards foreign nations, and especially Great
Britain—which he seems to hate with an earnest-
ness of hatred, such as General Haynan in all pro.
bability felt for the draymen of Messrs. Barclay and
t
Perkins—he was equally truculent and arrogant.
" It may not have been wise," he said, "at the
time of the affair of the Trent to provoke England ;
but, thank God, we were getting into a position to
remember that case ;" and at this amiable suggestion
the war fanatics burst into a wild fit of enthusiasm.
" From pit to ceiling," saye a delighted reporter,
" the little perfumed squares of cambric waved
like so many miniature flags," while the men
sprang to their feet and cheered lustily. " What
was the remedy," he asked as the cheers sub-
sided, " For English sympathy with the South,
and for the fitting out of Alabamas and Floridas
in English ports to prey upon the commerce of
the North ? The remedy was non-intercourse.
They should proclaim non-intercourse, so that no
ounce of American food should by any accident get
into an Englishman's mouth until these piracies
were stopped. He would also stop the exportation
of gold, so that Western products would have to be
shipped to France, instead of to England, to be ex-
charged for silks and laces." These sentiments
were enthusiastically cheered ; and the great Butler,
blushing at his own glory, and for the time being
the happiest and best appreciated public man in
America, retired from public gaze amid a group of
hero worshippers, all anxious to shake hands with
him. Mr. Lincoln and all the ambitious Generals
and financiers who have an eye to the Presidency
must look to themselves. The strong man who is
to sit in his chair, dispense his patronage, wield
his power, and direct the destinies of the North
promises to be Benjamin Franklin Butler.

DISCOVERY OF ROMAN REMAINS AT THE TOWER.
For some time past a number of men have been employed
at the Tower in making some necessary alterations for the
improvement of the citadel. A few days ago, in the course
of the excavations which were being carried out for that
purpose, near the ticket office the navies came against a
wall whiPhwas soon found to be of Romar construction, and
which was at a depth of above 12 feet from the surface. I
Upon further removing the soil the wall was discovered to
be about ten feet in thickness and of a semicircular forma-
tion, in an excellent state•of preservation, being composed
of ch ,lk and Kentish rag. It is situated at a distance of
about sixty feet to the west of the first stone entrance to
the Tower. It has been visited by some eminent antiqua-
rians, who are of opinion that at the original construction
of the Tower it formed a barrier to the tidal influence of
the Thames.

LARGE ARRIVALOF EMIGRANTS IN BIRMING
HAM.—
Miss Burdett Coutte, who takes a lively
interest in
the suc'ess of the emigration movement, has
lately sent out at her own cost several hundred emigrants
to the Australian colonies. Last night, at nine o'clock,
about one hundred emigrants, with their wives and chil-
dren. arrived at the New-street Railway Station, en route
for Liverpool, where they will embark for Australia this
day (Friday), leaving Birmingham by an early train. The
party of emigrants was accommodated with lodgings in the
town last night, Chief Superintendent Glossop giving the
party the assistance of detective-sergeant Clarke to procure
them respectable lodgings. Miss Burdett Coutts defrays
the costs of the outfit of the emigrants to Australia,—Bir-
mingliant gazette.

In addition to the manifesto relative to an amnesty,
the following ukase was addressed by the Emperor
of Russia to the Senate, bearing tho same date, the
12th April :

" The rebellion which had been a long time pre-
pared in secret, and which has at last broken out in
the kingdom of Poland, has also led to disorders in
some pat to of the weeteru provinces of the Empire.
The unseen authors of the movement against our
Government, obstinately opposing the realisation of
our kind intentions for the organisation of the affairs
of the kingdom, have endeavoured to increase the
difficulties which we were encountering in that task
by enlarging the circle of their criminal undertak-
ings and of their pernicious influence. With those
views they had for a long time past been seeking to
shake the feelings of devotedness to waids us of our
faithful subjects of the western governments. With
that object they have employed the same means which
within the limits of the Polish kingdom have had
such deplorable though incomplete results. Lastly,
armed bands have crossed the frontier of the Em-
pire, in order to spi ead in the western countries the
disorders which neither the attempts of the revolu-
tionary emissaries nor their clandestine invitations