The Sun.
London, England, 1839-09-21 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDEN IS.

" Pubflus," " E. blark lion," and several other communica-
tions, will be inserted when we can find room.
'Talc Bank at Hamburg is not similar to the Bank of
England ; it does not take in gold as a deposit, and there
arc consequently no circumstances there like those which
(ir Correspondent supposes.

,
jo•
O'C't jj,k9ofo'N '4

TI)-g nxt.

L OND ON :
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 21. 1839.

Some further correspondence has been published
between the Rev. H. J. D uucompx, who acted for
the Ofigy c(Tbirsk, in presenting their late remon-

•-strance to the Mantis of LONDONDERRY, touching
she duel his Lordship fought with Mr. GRATTAN.
The Rev. Gentleman now. acknowledges, " with
gra,;eful sorrow," the receipt of his Lordship's let-
, ter, and proceeds to argue with his Noble Corre-
;x&Rodent on the propriety of the Clergy sounding
. .

.•'the oracles of God" into the ears of sinful

leaders of armies, and qii2 the propriety of listening
to them before any other oracles. The Marquis,
kowerer, continues obstinate in his heresy, and
ill hare none of the Priest's counsel. He would
do battle to uphold the glorious Protestant political
Church in Ireland ; he would hew down the Char-
tilts and Dissenters in England who would upset
it ; but as for its precuts the Clergy may teach
ahem, for the Noble Marquis, to the paupers and
bw,gars. He declares his disobedience to the
Church in the following letter:—
" Eglinton Castle, Sept. 2, 1839.
" Sir,—l have the honour to acknowlei,'e the receipt
of your te:ond letter,. I feel it would ill become me to
Aar: Ave the discussion. I close it, therefore, with the
regret that I cannot surrender the decision upon a point
my personal professional honour to the opinions
of a body of clergymen however respectable; and the same
(rase occurring must be met in the same manner by ire,
and I am perfectly confident would be equally so dealt
with by ali British soldiers.

•• I hays, the honour to be,
" Yoefery obedient servant,
"VANE LONDONDERRY."
The Marquis answers for the whole armv as
welt as him ietf, and solemnly assures the lector of
Tipton, that 014 indifferent matters they may
perhaps hearken to the priesthood, but that on mat-
ters which interest the Marquis, or touch his pro-
fressiona! honour, he and all British soldiers
will mock at their precepts. Professional honour
is a phrase of wide meaning, and embraces all the
actions of a soldier. His honour equally requires
Oat h? should be properly dressed on pa-
rad.:, obedient to his Commanders, whatever they
Ir,ay order, courageous in the field, and ready to
filth; if insulted. Such a declaration really removes
ail the military from under the Church, and in their
name the Marquis sets, what the Rector calls, the
oracles of God" at defiance.

But tile Marquis is a senator as well as a soldier,
and many of his brother soldiers are also senators.
In this cipacity he and they make laws to uphold
the Church ; why is this when they despise and
disregard its doctrines for themselves ? Let us
explain this apparently strange circumstance. How-
ever inuqi any man may suppose the restraints of
unnecessary for himself, conceiving his
own inclinations to be all on the side of virtue, or
that the laws cf honour are a more suitable code
1.,,>r him than the laws of the Gospel, there is
seaiTelv any man rho does not think the restraints
-,.f religion necessary for his neighbour. He never
(i_iredid3 his own desires or his own passions, but he
Trisi4t ths.tsNires and passions cf others may
j*!tr,u'r")t. them to perform.. and he is therefore anxious
!tie their clesites and passions placed under
' ro ° r ieligion. Hence the Marquis and hisfellows endow a State Church, give large reve-
l. !Ales to the el„
gy, and get up-religious ceremonies
some Pomptoot and show, that the clergy may
.bv
curb tight, by the combines:lin-
&knee of wealth, rank
and ikaetion of the State
true
origin
an4azduspiiri.tual terror. That
Cturch. It is sot up,
expense of much oppression,
that
aeotr
it a f
Tt the
misery, blood-
shell, by those who, like theprntiSiiluearsi:Yoq:
other men,mayd
—ON-
DONDARRY, despise its precepts,
to train the desires and passions 'of
enable those who, uphold it to have more of theiran
own way uncontrolled.
This is, in ,a great mr.jority of cases, as true of
as of the Legislature which State-paid Clergy
maintains them in the possession of their revenues.
They think -the rest`raints of religion necessary for
thi great bulk of L'ocietY ; but that they do not
think them necessary for themselves is plain,
frOm the fact that their continually disregard the
doetrino.s they Peach. The Gospel enjoins charity,
love, 'rind disinterestedness. If any part of it can be
said to be terrible, it is the den,'inciations against the
possessors of wealth ; and the clergy, who teach
those doctrines, pass their lives reviling men who
profe4o a different faith from their own, m keeping
alive political and religious strife, in nourishing
hatred omongst rival sectarians, and in the gran-
sost foul greediness. Ti'iey must have
is of poun6 a year, sumptuous palaces,
ages ; and they even rob the poor, as
tly proved by several examples, to

obtain that wealth which :the Gospel denounces.
They, therefore, like the lay legislators, prescribe
the restraints of religion for other men, and wholly
disregardthem for themselves. Theirespecial enforce-
ment of obedience under the hardships of poverty,
and their continual grasping at wealth, gives rise to
the suspicion that they emphatically recommend
this particular restraint to others, in order more se-
curely to gratify their own greediness.
When the Clergy have formed an alliance with
the State, it has been to make the State subser-
rien: to their purposes, and when that has failed,
they have claimed for themselves a superior mis-
sion, 'and have endeavoured to trample the State
under their feet. At the dinner at Collurapton, on
Wednesday, the most honoured toast was the
Church and State, placing the Church first. The
Clergyman who spoke to the toast quite agreed in
the sentiment that it was the duty of the Clergy to
" make the State religious," or prescribe its duties.
Because Lord MELBOURNE'S Ministry has not
been the mere tool of the Clergy, they have fallen
back on the spiritual source of their power, and
have played off the Church against the Govern-
ment. The Rector of Tic,uston's letter to Lord
LONDONDERRY, and the former address of the
Clergy of Thirsk to the Noble Marquis, proceed
on an assumption of superiority to the law-maker.
" Your Lordship asks," says the Rector, " did the
clergy of any part of the empire remonstrate with the hero
of a hundred fights, when he met Lord Winchilsea in a
duel ; and from whence arises the extreme anxiety at this
moment, upon a far humbler and less important matter?
To the former question, as far as my own knowledge ex-
tends, I must reply, alas ! in the negative. But the Church
(clergy and laity), on that sad occasion, was not wholly
wanting in her duty. Those who were members of the
British Society for Promoting the Principles of the Re-
formation, did not only (as I have been informed) remon-
strate with the Earl of Winchilsea, but felt themselves
constrained, through their Committee, to require his
Lordship to retire from that position which he held in that
society, in consequence of his violation of those principles
—the ascendancy of the Word of God."
The Clergy then of the BritishiSociety, which
we did not before know, exconnnunicate,:, as it
were, the Earl of WINcIIILSEA for not obeying
their directions, and if the Marquis of LONDON-
DERRY holds any office in the Church, his neigh-
bours at Thirsk will take care that he shall retire
from it. Now that they are awakened to a true
sense of their spiritual dignity, we shall see them
refusing a living from the hands of such a despiser
of the Church as the Marquis. He must be worse
than a Catholic.

The Rector of Tigston grounds his and his
brethren's summons to the Marquis on the fact that
" his anxiety to be faithful to CHRIST has in-
creased." The same may be said of the priesthood
generally. They do not give up an atom of their
wealth—they grasp after more, and endeavour to
extend their control over the community, as a
means of increasing their opulence and pout er. In
season and out of season, however, they are zealous
in their endeavours to fanaticise the nation. It,
Scotland we are told,
" Revivalism is becoming epidemical, and will, probably,
sprea3 with a greater or less degree of celerity, into every
part in Scotland. A portion of Clergy, both Established
and assenting, are doing everything in their power to pro-
duce this result."

In England they aim at revivals too ; they have
attacked the Marquis of LONDONDERRY, and will
soon make our Tories sensible that they cannot con-
trol the zeal they have kindled. How Sir ROBERT
PEEL will deal with his fanatical allies when he
returns to office we know not ; but he will find them
a greater obstacle to his success than the Ladies of
the Palace, or than Ireland itself. They will be his
master, or they will rend him. Success, then, to the
fanaticism the Tories have evoked.

Mr. O'CONNELL'S letter, which appears in
another part of The Sun, has at least the semblance
of truth. If the English do not hate the Irish
more intensely at this moment than ever before, it
is not the fault of the Tory journals and the
English Clergy. These true patriots—for a patriot
is always known by abusing other nations, and
these true Christians—for Christianity is solely and
exclusively possessed by the few millions of persons
who compose the Anglican Church, have done all in
their power, for the last six years, to make the Eng-
lish hate the Irish. Mr. O'CONNELL says truly,
that the strength of the Tories consists in the culti-
vation of national prejudice against the Irish, and
a malignant enmity to.their religion. We trust he
overrates their strength and their success, but such
has been the lanprage continually used by the
Clergy of the Anglican Church, and by the Tory
Journals, and such has been the conduct
of the Tories in Parliament, that he has
a warrant for telling his countrymen that
a spirit of hatred to Ireland has been nou-
rished in England. At any rate he telN them that ;
and the scandalous abuse of the " surpliced ruffians"
of Ireland by the Tory Journals, the unceasing
hostility which they display to every thing Irish
and, Catholic, afford him the rnear_s of justifying
his assertion. The Tories have put into his hands
the stick with which he will continue to thrash them
out of office. Their pleasant vices carry their own
punishment speedily in their train.

Another veteran has paid the debt of nature.
The gallant Sir THOMAS HARDY, for many years
Lord NELSON'S friend and Lord NELSON'S right
hand, died yesterday. He passed the few last
years of his life at Greenwich Hospital, of which
he was Governor, an appropriate abode for so dis-
tinguished a naval hero. But it was not for him a
place of idleness ; he had many duties, which he
performed till within a few days of his death. The
early part of his life was one of incessant activity ;
and he acquired all his honours by the most meri-
torious exertions. Equally brave and generous, ht
was the model of a true-hearted English sailor, kind
to his men, and terrible only to the enemies of his
country.

A cquad of Tories, we perceive, assembled the
other day at Collumpton in Devonshire, to celebrate
the triumphs of the party in that county. S;r
Somebody KENNAWAY occupied the chair, the
Member; for the different divisions of the Cou►►ty
were present, and there was as much nonsense
spoken as is usual on such occasions. The Tories
are not very particular, when they congregate to•
(Tether for a jollification, as to what they do or say,
and therefore we are not surprised to find, in the
mass of twaddle uttered at the Collumpton guzzle,
a very fair sprinkling of falsehood.
When the Chairman came to the toast of

" Church and State" he tried to explain the sense

in which he proposed that it should be drunk,
adopting the language of a "distinguished charac-
ter,' who had said that it was " not that thfy
wished to make the Church political, but that they
desired to make the State religious." If this then
he the object of connecting the Church with the
State, may we not ask the advocates of the union
how it happens that they persist in upholding a system
which has worked so ill even according to their own
admission ? Has not the Church become polij
tical ? Has the State become religious ? The
very end and aim of the ill-sorted alliance having
avowedly failed—the Church having become cor-
iupted, having sacrificed the simplicity, the purity,
the holiness, the spirituality of the Christian reli-
gion at the shrine of worldly ambition, has not only
not communicated any of its lost virtue to the
State, but has actually prevented the State from
being so religious as it would, if left to itself,
have been ; and made it, on too many occa-
sions, the instrument of the greatest atro-
• cities that ever were perpetrated by man. What
were the massacre of St. Bartholomew, the
revocation of the Edict of Nantz, the persecu-
tion of Catholics by Protestants, of Protestants by
Catholics, and—let Protestantism blush—of Protes-
tauts by Protestants, which has alternately taken
place in this country, as each sect acquired political
supremacy—what were all these, and multitudes of
other instances that might be mentioned, but the
truits--the genuine and natural fruits—of the
union of Church and State ? To what
are we to ascribe the gross ignorance, the
degrading vice, and the consequent misery which
so extensively prevail in our land, but to that lazi-
ness and negligence, that pride and selfishness, in
short, to that secular spirit and worldly character,
which distinguish the clergy of the richest Church
in the world, and which that clergy owe to State-
patronage
I t was
their glorious privilege,
Chairman, that they did said this sapient
not live under a voluntary
system, but in a land
"wheret every parish had its
minister, where everyetr was paid by the
Stamtei,gahntdtehrm it, the rent-charge of his performingeld his endowment at the price, or as
he
j certain duties, which were those most calculated to
preserve peace, harmony, and unity, among their
fellow-subjects.' Now, if the duties of clergymen

be .such as are here described, it is very clear that
they have not performed them, and that, therefore,
they have forfeited, according to this Chairman's
doctrine, the endowments, by not paying the rent-
charge. But the real truth is, that the ministers of
a State-patronised sect, so far from being properly
qualified for preserving " peace, harmony, and
unity," are, from the very circumstance of their
position, the necessary promoters of war, discord,
and disunion among their fellow-citizens.
Intolerance is the natural and necessary attribute •
of a State Church. The ministers of such a
Church regard all who are not within its pale as
aliens and enemies. Their unceasing object is to
set forth the high pretensions, the unrivalled
excellence, the apostolic lineage of their hierarchy,
while they denounce other sects as idolaters, or hold
them up to contempt as vulgar and ignorant follow-
ers of uncommissioned men calling themselves mi-
nisters of the Gospel, as vulgar and ignorant as
themselves. To liberty of conscience—to freedom
of thought in religious matters; the minister of an
Established Church never can be reconciled. He
cannot be made to understand the right of private
judgment—you cannot hammer it into him, do what
you will. Although it is the professed principle, and
the chief corner-stone, as it is the only rational jus-
tification, of the so-called Reformation. No Pro-
testant State-Church acts upon it. All practically
renounce it, and claim the same implicit obedience
to their articles of faith as if they held the " infal.
lible" doctrine of the more consistent Church
of Rome. When it is kept in mind that to
these disqualifications, for a general peace-
maker, the clergyman joins those which arise
out of his claims on the pockets of the com-
munity—comprehending the legal and the ille-
gal—the tithes, the Church-rates, i.:le Easter offer-,..
ings.; and when it is also considered that he seldom
scruples to show what spirit he is of in the measures
which he adopts to enforce these claims, we cannot
agree with the Chairman of this Tory meeting, that
such a person is pre-eminently calculated to " pre-
serve peace, harmony, and union among his fellow-
subjects."

We stated in our Evening Edition of yesterday
that the Second Chamber of the Spanish Cortes
was declared duly constituted on the 10th Inst.
SENOR CALATRAVA, ex-President of the Coun-
cil, was elected President, and Senors ZIJMALA-
CARREGUY, LABORDA, JOACIIINI, LOPEZ, and
CORTENA, were chosch Vice-Presidents. Senors
CABALLERO, RODA, MOZA, and FELICE, were
appointed Secretaries, which concluded the preli-
minary business
.of the ,Chamber. The President
on taking the chair to declare the Chamber consti-
tuted thanked the Deputies 'for the honour they
had done him, and after moving a vote of thanks
to the Provisional President and Secretaries, offered
for the adoption of the Chamber the following ad-
dress to the QUEEN-REGENT, signed by no fewer
than eighty-five Deputies :
" Madam—The Congress of Deputies, which has just
solemnly constituted itself, hastens to congratulate your
Majesty on the happy and extraordinary event of Bergara,
an event which, whilst it strengthens the legitimate throne,
promises to the Spanish nation a glorious and stable peace, and
the complete triumph of the institutions which it has given it-
self. AR the provinces have received, with unexampled' rap.
tore, the news of the submission of the rebels who had hitherto
warred in the Basque Provinces against your Government,
which they have just acknowledged. From r.II parts a just
gratitude is felt for the illustrious General Espartero, who
has so skilfully concluded such diffieuit negotiations. The
Congress does not only admire his valour, his military qua.
lities, and the fortunate prestige to which the country owes,
in great part, her days of glory, derived from her valiant
army, but admires still more the skill and prudence that ho
has displayed on such important occasions, as well as the de-
cision and resolution of which he has given proofs in so many
difficult circumstances, and, above all, that in such solemn and
decisive moments he has displayed for the Constitution
and the powers of the State a sentiment so essentially
Spanish of love for the independence of his country, and
the sincere and profound respect for her institutions he has
evinced increases the value of the engagement he made.
This word of a Spanish soldier, which has sufficed for two
opposing armies to embrace each other, following the exam-
ple of their Generals with mutual and absolute confidence, the
Congress regards as a national debt, and is resolved to
acquit it, on its part, not only with the fidelity that it merits,
but also with all the generosity which its powers permit it
to grant. Thus not only the Congress will ratify, if it be
necessary, the ranks and employs acknowledged by virtue of
the Bergara Convention, but, in preference to every other
urgent question, it will occupy itself to examine the pro-
ject of law, which your Majesty's Government has an-
nounced, respecting the fueros of the Basque provinces,
disposed as it is to grant to these provinces all that, with-
out being contrary to the Constitution which governs us,
can contribute to their proSperity. The Congress, in the
meanwhile, has the honour to assure 3 our Majesty before-
' hand that the objects of its deliberations will be the gene..
rat pacification, which cannot be considered as complete
and durable but when it will conciliate at much as possible
the interests of Spain."

Loud acclamations followed the reading of this
address, which was at once voted without discus-
sion, and a deputation appointed to present it to
the QUEEN. The following is her :vIAJESTY9S
answer:—

" I receive with infinite pleasure the message and the
felicitations of Congress at a moment when my heart is
filled with joy and hope. I have always relied upon the
friendly feelings of the Cortes for everything which miet
contribute to the grand object, already commenced, of the
general pacification."-

In the sitting -of- the 11th the War Minis-
ter, General ALAIX, presented to the Chamber
a project of law, -or .rather, 'according to British
lorms of legislation, moved a resolution of the
Chambers, declaring the
.fiteros of the Basques for
the present confirmed. This resolution encountered
no more opposition than the address to theQuErol,
from whence we infer that the. Cortes are not dis-
posed to set aside any of the conditions of the
treaty of Bergara, and that no: pretext will be
allowed the disaffected on the score of political
rights and privileges to remain another day in arms
against the Conititntional authorities.. This affords
us very sincere pleasure, as such moderation and
good faith on the part of the Cortes will extinguish
ever); ember of insurrection in the Peninsula, and
restore the utmost confidence to all classes of the
people. Now is the time to display. a generous
policy towards the revolted provinces.

The Pretender, it appears, was seated comfort-
ably at dinner at Urday., when his affrighted atten-
dants informed him that ESIPA LITER° was coming
to make one of the party. This unpleasant intelli-
gence was hardly communiicated to the terror-
stricken CARLOS, before the firing of shots was dis-
tinctly heard, and he started from the table in an agony
of fear and perplexity. The :Princess of BEIRA dis-
played somewhat more presence of mind. She
gave orders for the destruction of various letters and
papers, and seizing the consi-:.:.rated standard of the
Virgin of Seven Sorrows, whom six years ago the.
Pretender appointed Generalissima of his
forces ; she, with Don CARLOS, Don SEBASTIAN,
and their attendants, scampered off in the direction
of the French frontier. Beim an hour had elapsed,
the Christinos were in possession of the Pre-
tender's dining apartment, ;Oil expressed them-
selves by • no means ungritefv.ll for his attention to
their comforts.

A correspondent of Galignrtni's Messenger, 'in a
letter from Bayonne, states that; the Navarrese batta-
lions, which accompanied CA:itrms to Urdax, had
no idea up to the latest moment that the Pretender
intended himself to take refuge in France. They
imagined that they were on!y moving on the frontier
in order to protect the departure of the Princess DE
BEIRA and the rest of the Royal family, and that
Don CARLOS would remain at their head, and
either be victorious or die in battle, as he had so-
lemnly pledged himself to do on first assuming arms
in 1834. The indignation of these troops was ex-
treme, and those who did not utke refuge in France
immediately dispersed themselves among the moun-
tains.

The French Government takes great credit to
itself for the share it has had iu bringing the civil
war in Spain to a happy termination. The follow-
ing are the terms in which this event is described in
the M.niteur of Wednesday
" Pressed on all aides by the troops of Espartero, Don
Carlos has just sought a refuge in France. The remainder
of the Cdrlist bands, actively pursued, separated from each
other, demoralised by the retreat cf the Pretender, divided
by internal dissensions, dissolved in fact by their want of
discipline, and all the excesses which accompany it, cannot
'oe long in making their submission to the Queen's troops.
The moment then approaches, it may now be hoped, when
the civil war which desolates Spain and afflicts humanity,
will be at last terminated to recommence no more.
There is no illusion, nor is it contrary to truth to
attribute a portion of this happy result to the po-
hiey pursued by the Cabinet of the 12th of May.
The attitude which this Ministry assumed towards
Spain, its declaration in the Chamber of Deputies, the
orders which it caused to be executed on the frontiers, the
instructions which it gave to the French naval forces
on the coast of the Peninsula, the negociations which
it has carried on in concert with England, our ally, have
without doubt contributed to bring about a denouement
hitherto unhoped for some months since, and yet already
almost entirely accomplished, Spain bas not been de-
ceived as to the efficacy of the new testimonies ofsympathy which the present Cabinet
a
as soon as it came into power, to thessist-
waralcseanaxndiouosf tolivgeilvye,

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