The Sun.
London, England, 1830-12-18 00:00:00

POLAND.

(Flom the Morning Chronicle.)
We have received from Warsaw, via Paris, the
following letter from a Palish gentleman, who is
more than a spectator of what is going on in that

'tmerAactellealtln
call
severeiaeo b
itnr
justmh truth.d Undoubtedly,
u id w iwill'
i
aso IcocnasPuptefituAd—rstawl►iconfes—opt"Thll ye::
f 4q.t
)1:1 e talroldafoyPu arooloanwf youth--of gi
arse: :teen:: wahntilchthhiasvessjseuirStiohnePP:u"::
tsithearinniala:Clie%
conopired—our youth is ardent--and the Freesia Revell.
cryi
a et obuhferaristii
ib;6:;rraat liberty
warmed
sa;v teawhmfaltounengoda whichasup:i "the:alecamong.
sowedtihde
pi° much
at
it
hearts.
lbsoasc:irothethgs:.fftu
alisl IWsat
shb e
market,
geen
Is
at 11 ahoossiout:y,
tyranny which has caused that ; the Revolution and the
orforrof tyranny which has inspired our minds with the love
conspiratorste as there are families ; each house contains
rhies
leoaaegmaaftaonveitareynbnbeditltei vso.oced;udrysuheswreleiiedoveowcprootpahnrrindesuesPrewf:rwholl:morii:heuthilislteedr77rtiirisampay
011107::::1°
~,,
cwsetpcuohirerushes us. Thus on the day of our*
evenre
lwattli hiiv:al4 rootamuurnaygt.ani:salYtWithati wpheaetpechhclehehiecacruolnuehwirrsc eo f the
.ours our Revolution was, so to speak, completed; 1114
fighting—it was rather the execution of criminals--of. ,dt°
agents of a foreign power, which public execration 11.4.
previously sentenced to death. In the twinkling of a*
eye the army united itself to the youth, sad the wbele of
the_e present kingdom of Poland, from the Proust to 1111
Niemen, has already taken the oath of fidelity to the
oi toonal Government. I shall not enter into any
fur glorious Revolution. Already since 141011
hundred coursers have carried the news to all the poiat,o of
lag,coo
wwaaenrvdde
iry, not
lwo
yeaeesre seek
offo
Crinaaitnshytearkit
the globe. 1 will endeavour only to explsia 001011 Int
which you will not be able to comprehend, o•ler0 kr
assistance'---
of some person on the spot.
" On the slay after the Revolution, the 0•1111111.1/1
being still in the hands of the old lifinistlnh 4 wila°l4lll4,ehro.s.
that the should act in the name of the Entre" hello,
that
the grievances which the Poles might bare to otooPoift ..4
in consequence of the violation of the Cliarter. nil
The Deputies collected at %maw immediately,
sad alit
a pacification of the Provisional Governments *0"„_'"
following persons have been dismissed t--Prince Loll
attached all his life to Russia, end formerly en Am/ •
Suvaroff's army ; Count Grabowslci, s natural eoo of the
towski); and Generals Koweeki and Bsutenstrauelts lo•
tellites of the Grand Duke. Their places have been tilltd
eohintg(hesinaolareitir,the susoAuf tagustibleillirauveoll.:4):-liiinig.;(
with popular men. Thus the GOTefillatat, 01050 ii r
placed by its first acts in a false position, 11011,0 senill
caatobhnfeeil:l:.Ficu:iding those who formerly
a deputation to the Emperor, immediate!?
panes dire
was formed by the new member% look mui., 1
and meaning measures. All the male
Poland between the ages of nineteen sad forty-014116T:
empire, have been summoned to take •Plrlaks: Litbflusaiss
verarnent, therefore, expects to be suppottounnA;-Nos
Before this letter reaches you, the Grand ma'-' of ticen
(Prussian Poland) will also have risen in imago is
And if the Prussian army should succeed in l'itii/Sa
down, the whole of its population will emigrate totw.„.
insurrection in Austrian Gallicia cannot fail teoole,11:::
aid. We shall, therefore, . have a change, if not 0;0
quishing, of Maintaining a war, till Europe 'hal a" or
population of
come to our assistance. We are in want of stro.l. so
oppressors have never allowed any manufactory of oTis a
he established among us. and our magssines 005,"..1.6.
small quantity ; but the enthusiasm and courage fint,..
will supply us with means. We shall fight with tasit7p.
in front and with the scaffold in our rear. F•t'slEtarriere
port will not fail us. Our cause ie the esulti, of
_, _ $
and of England. Poland re-established, she will -f00•0,
barrier with Turkey and Persia, which will prodri of
Englawd her possessions in India, sad her inflow* 10
Mediterranean." • h 0101
So far our correspondent. The wis es lie
honest man throughout Europe must be for,:ii.
Poles ; but wishes alone will not lave them. .1::,
question is, can they succeed by their own noir
efforts ?--and if not, whether it is probable tniegt
will receive that aid from other nations r
they require t
place, the population of Russia Proper is 05:
than the official statements make. it,
greaterublished in Leic
hate before us a small volume p. ,
Is himself E. P5,,11
this year (1830), by one who cal
What is the condition of Russia ? In the tit!,
the result of thirty years'
work), which states that Russia contains a.. ~..'"
greater number of inhabitants than is generol_ol.l.7;
['eyed, at least one-fifth, and the ground.f jar
statement is this :--" All the peasants and.ihttofflownd
class of citizens must pay yearly II fou „owed
observation (a 01:01
some other duties to the Government ~01,..F., a
according to the number of males. This Alla/ the
door to frauds. The Isprawnik, the hes". ~, tha
number of his boors too low, for s good 11:,,,,taee."
ing with him is indispensable toy ie oWn 0"." 00,
If we may credit this author, discontent in
..ed.
Circle, shuts his eyes, when a landholder glaitt'on.
Speaking of the guards, he says-- Cabinetßoole-
" They never forget that all preceding
~,,r, too,
tions have been effected by them. There at ,t: Oa
sin itself is much greater than is generalli uPPw'
in the Guards, a number of officers descended 17000111
sprung from the old Russian Dynssty, and Dr Or this
attached to the present new Holstein Di": 10;001firr
account both sides observe each oilier with 'nee
the p 13-
lance. The ruling House Ober.o coasts:l4 n,,, 0 the
ciple of surrounding itself with foreign offiett,ol..°7o v/it:
Military and Civil Services. Thus we Ili u'it'skerjortts
Paulani, Liefen, Sievirs, and numberlets etntr"
, It
important civil and military situanoo* • eI,
• I • it • ~i ft trat 'il:
FigreineditreieinitteiSaNckeiednh'srpdtie,boitrdheloPpaf,hl.ll7o'ttwie:T:'lls-Itgilltiiiteirs
tinetly seen that Napoleon counted
" From many papers that were intercePr. 0 ?pow
aa a Russian party. But the Russian ?fold:Pt; tio, in
the army and the whole people, Wes Ila,,teitiett freln _.,..tili
a state of preparation for the results exp., 100 OW'
The development of a more powerful arra
Prussia
euuia army.
w ithThtehear
for a succeeding period. I and other
" The great number of French prisoftelli s ciecided
to the O. , 00 as
foreigners who remained behind in RussiasA )""inisils, o°B
influence on the inclinations, the views lia",,coPledialet3o.
merely of the people, but also a tbe 0000.,,,, „rassioot°
But events produced a peeuliuly sttooll ',roes 01111
the most liberal proclamations inspired t,•..: The
, thostsb-• ,orso-
long stay in Germany and France cbsof•- to► in °l
long
ter of the whole army. Offietrs sad Is 410'
contact with all classes of the inbabitsollo. WO:
cauntries, learned to see, hear, and oodi,.r.:b the ir,d,
the Russian soldier saw the Way in WPI 000° a;bo
sisna and French lived, and lode the ellsrle bea° 'or
his own condition at home, what mot,. , a Wog, b,
1 impression on him ! Is was impossible that Ate '
feott r lot
hinigybtres:llisegferersligol3r .°0011:_jilrii:::„Pliim:
honour and freedom should not have hes° ; tlielltithe
the example, as well as the wish to 12°11(dtecf!d-er
in his own country. The three yew' ,rl7, pro.'llse
Army of Occupation in France, under w-i, AO bid,
General Count Woroneow, predneed • Orr ce"niset:ders,
numerous scientific and political paints, °_,,iiitsry _,„rod,
this army found, the institution or ,". it thht rarar
and many other circumstance. eonnecWd Wisos ?kir re
produced a particular spirit in this arlol. i soil r' '
L too,
Alex ander was fully acquainted with
{algidp4ot, the ocip
and with the spirit of these troops. lO 14000
deem it prudent, on the return of this areal Toy 0.
in IBIS, to allow them to remain Wear bit
rtl„l°,.&s.
broke on the frontiers, and distribute° ~,,,;$ ofr-n .
among other corps. This measure wee • '''oe witssooA.
guide; for the views and spirit of thes.,tP";o 01 i• „got
turally communicated exteusively. Th• u the ri•eiich
wand, Count Woronsow, was received bl_.seeet•tur„,
with great coldness, and instead of the edesTie Oa ,F;.,-1 y,
he expected, received only a new crag&
..itha beef,,isiii.
wards named Commander of the Sd Core:44oe
but lived on his estates, on the pretest ot "Bow. or
He is now General-Governor of rii_eif the foll/Ploell
Manifeetos and l'roclamstions ethic° eop, 0 Pre_
addressed to the Polish 01;1 to iti
redto,.
as the Constitution which he grata oill,
for
, . DR° 01
duced the greatest sensation througnoos • obit „,,,,,.
cited in its inhabitants a wish to eschinge *Dr buett•l)iet
a Constitutional Government`
The EluPe...,„r% 0 Os tive
tided the nation in this wish. In his ar:elool 111:Pt a
at Warsaw, be *aid expressly, that he wo' 1' pat * „,,o-
a similar Constitution to his other Stateta la thii ren.,
contrast the subsequent treasures presews-tieo Oil but
mists. The increase of the police, the f0t.,113501004:4 to.
tirely new secret police, not only in Sts rid' 000wZ.00
in the whole army ; theme unheard-of oevu'libiast ol"" '
wards both privates a officers on the OS
were
incYashi_auild:onifdikyinet
ithoe,rgijilnu.o.7,l7.4

f

the persecutions of all kinds, the arrests, and banishments
to Siberia, all increased in the ratio with the increased
suspicion of the Emperor. The second army was more
particularly an object of great attention."
Speaking of the last revolution attempted upon
the death of Alexander, the writer says it was a po-
pular revolution, in which all the intellectual part of
the nation was implicated.
" The Official Report name. as participator. in thegreat
conspiracy, landholders of the richest families of the
country, who enjoyed the love and respect of their peasants
and their neighbours. It names officers. and those of the
distinguished and Learned Corps, of its Guards, the
Artillery, the General Staff, and the Engineers. We find
in this report, the names of Juris-conselts and Func-
tionaries, in all branches of the Administration. Nay,
the names of the greatest Poets and Literati are in the
lists of criminals. Besides many peasants rose at the same
time, in different parts of the empire, and sent Deputies to
the Government to request a change in their political
situation. From this report it appears that the partici-
pator' in the insurrection were dispersed throughout the
whole empire. If we add that all the persons who were
romlemned enjoyed the good opinion if their fellow-citizens
....that none of them bad ever been accused of any crime,
*e conceive we have shown that the Revolution originated
with the people in the noble sense of the word."
The writer, is afraid that a Revolution will take
place in Russia sooner than, for the sakeof humanity,
is to be wished.
"In a country (he observes) where the proportion
which the people bear to the populace is small—where
mlllione of the populace are aroused at once, poor and
wretched, and eagerly desirous of war and plunder, every
revolutionary out-breaking must be attended with the
Most disastrous consequences, both to Russia and neigh-
bouring lands."
With respect to the Russian Nobility in general,
he says-
-" We can most conscientiously say that they have at-
tained to a degree of scientific, moral, and political culti-
Satin., which warrants us in entertaining the most san-
guine hopes for the future. Notwithstanding the reproach
Whisk is often heard, the Russian Nobility are by no
mesas so aristocratically disposed as the Nobles in the moat
civilized and highly praised countries, as, for instance, in
England. There are, no doubt, exceptions ; but we are
Speaking of their general character."
It would appear, then, that the dread of revolu-
tionary movements of the Russian Emperor is not
altogethei an idle bugbear. But our reason for ex-
tracting these notices respecting Russia, is to show,
that as the Russians and Poles have in some sort
the same grievances, it is not impossible that the
Russian Gentry and Army may avail themselves of
the transactions in Poland to forward their own
Views of independence. On the other hand, how-
ever, it is to be feared that the national ambition
and vanity will be hurt at the idea of losing Poland.
We know that many well-informed persons in this
country build a good deal on the disaffection of the
Russian Army.
We regret to perceive, from the communication
of our correspondent, that the Arsenal was but
poorly furnished with arms. Means, however, will
soon be fallen on to procure arms from other
countries.

rkICIIS OT "Mins THis
lAnk Stock ...., ' 196
5 per Cent. Ned.
Sic Cent. Cons. shut
5 ' per
DO Reed.. 90 Cent. 9O 1,4
Ditto RIA
New 6% per cent. ....
4 Per nt. 1096 98Y414
Sank I. Ann. ~....... 17N 1-16
Ditto Xi rears ••••••••••••.• ........
Ditto 80 Teets
India Stock .• • shut
Dittc, Bonds ....... ........ 10 9 pm.
...

DAT AT ON! O'CLOCK.

South Sea Stock shut
Old AnntuUes ....... -
New Ditw............
Bills, .Cl,OOO 9d. 19 20 pm.
Ditto lid. 19 20 pm.
9d. 19 20 pm.
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Ditto Small 9l. 19 20 pm.
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Bank the Account. ..... 198
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Cons. for Jan 90 82 1% 2% 1%

TRICKS Or FOREIGN TUNDS TISIS DAT AT *NE O'CLOCK.
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Ditto, 11424
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I DAY. AT ONX O'CLOCK.
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hap. ?Mi. Cc (Isi. at 5!.
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"Silk Stork 220
tonaols, 3 per cent.
Gov. Stack, 3)4 per cent 9O
thtto, New ...., Gin
4 Per Cent. -
lior, Deb. ale per cent &t
Royal Cal SIMI
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11, ly Dcb. 4 per tent
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.5, DUSLIN, DEC. IL

St: Patrick incur. (per sh.)
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Babson/1 Ditto.. .......... 2514
Patriotic Ditto • —
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COURSE OF ILICIIA
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I)itto, at sight 11 16
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Ditto 2 11.25 85
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hankfort on Maine, Ex, M. 151
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tAdts
bubo* 364
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Gibraltar_