The Sun.
London, England, 1830-02-17 00:00:00

the simple question which the Noble Lord had brought
under their con,ic'e, A!iou. II :viva so: them such an ex-
ample, he could .care e:.pect that they would very
closely confine tl!einselves On a discussion so interesting
and importmt as th, present. In mak;ng one or trio ob-
servations upon 'the chara:Ar of the Treaty of London,
and the mode of its ext-eution, he would nut inquire into

the origin of the war between Russia and Turkey, neither
would he inquire into who might have been the instigators
of that war. It might be perfectly true that that war
arnse nut of aggression committed by Turkey upon the
trade of Russia, and upon its commercial rights; and he

was p..rfrctly ready to admit that the commencement of
that war took p►ace before the present Government came
into office. On one point he should be glad to see his
Majesty's Ministers acquit themselves—namely, with re-
spect to the influence which their conduct had upon the
progress, duration, and termination of that war, and the
degree i❑ which their conduct might have atf..cted the

course adopted by the Turks in rejecting those terms of
p?sce which it was the duty, as it was the interest of Eng-
land, to promote. When the papers came to be laid upon
the table of the House, many of the despatches would

prove abundantly plausible; but no despatch, however
smoothly it might read, would, by the mere force of its
diction, or the plausibility of its statements; convince him
that England hail done all that she might have done for
the purpose of putting an end to that war. It was his
earnest wish to see England, upon all such occasion'',
spe ik a straight-for ward language ; but on that he could
not help apprehending that had she taken the honourable
and upright course, hostilities would not have been con-
tinued to so recent a period. His Right Hon. Friend had
taken credit, on behalf of his Majesty's Government, fir
the great merit of hiving the Treaty of the 6th July ex-
enited according to the spirit in which it was framed, and
that its execution was attended with results even more
gratilying to the parties interested than their first expec-
tations had led them to anticipate. From that, however,
he begged to dissent, though his unwillingness on the pre-
sent occasion to enter into details would prevent his
assigning the reasons which influenced his dissent; but
the must be allowed to say, generally, that he could not
see that the spirit of the Treaty had been at all adhered
to; and to that the single remark he would add, that if
the Treaty had been more closely adhered to, the interests
of Greece and of England would lave been more effec- '
tually advanced. At length there was a prospect that
something like independence might be achieved for
Greece; but the House would judge how much more of
that was owing to the arms of Russia than any inter-
ference on the part of England to see the Treaty of the
6th of July executed in the spirit in which it had been
framed. When the papers came before the House, he
should be extremely glad to see the pr.ipositions made by
his Majesty's Government to the Allies, for settling and
securing to Greece a territory sufficient fur the purposes
of an independent State. and a frontier calculated to se-
cure the continuance of that independence. When those
papers: came before the House, they would have the plea-
sure of seeing what could not fail to be gratifying to the
national feelings and flittering to the national honour—to
collect from the lips of the English Ministers that the peo-
ple of Greece would enjoy the rights of freemen, and be
Ho longer confined in the shackles and fettersof despotism.
When it shall be shown to the House from the expected
documents that his Majesty's Government had dome all in
their power to secure the accomplishment of that object,
then would his Right Hon. Friend be entitled to the
thanks of the House and of the country. So far as the
Right Hon. Secretary went, his statement was far from
satisfactory. lie had altogether failed in showing that the
Widen of Candia to the territory of Greece was not es-
sential to the well-being and independence of the new
State. This was but small matter of surprise, for no
man who hail turned his attention to the subject could
doubt that the political existence and the military
defence of Greece would mein"), depend upon the posses-
sion of Candia. What formed a more immediate ground
of complaint—if it proved to be well founded—would be,
that this country had not fulfilled her engagements, in
seeing that Treaty executed in its true spirit ; than which
nothing was more important, as affecting the honour and
interest of England. It was in a high degree interesting
to England that the new State should have the means of
maintaining her own independence ; for, if left in a help-
less or undefended state, the filet aggression mirk upon
her woldil he the signal for calling upon the Powers who
were parties to the Treaty of the 6th of July to come for-
ward in support of the stipulations of that Treaty. Thus
would England be involved in difficulties, which a little
regard to good faith in the first inatance might easily have
averted. They might be told that the Powers had gua-
ranteed the independence of Greece. That might be per-
fectly true, and at the same time it might be true that the
relations of those Powers towards Greece and towards
each other would, in a eery short time, undergo such
changes, as should leave little chance of their being in a si-
tuat;on to redeem those pledges which they had given for
the maintenance of that country in a separate and suhstan-
twe form. The only effectual security which Greece and
England could have would be to give .to the former such a
territory and such boundaries as would render any aggree-
sion very unpromising. To leave Greece in a situation
incapable of self-e.efence is to do England one of the most
serious injuries which she could sustain in her relations
with the East of Europe; it would open at once a door for
the exercise of foreign influence, and render the new State
of Greece an arena for the struggles of foreign influ-
ence, and, perhaps, for the contests of armed
men. The Gulfs of Vole and Arta, at opposite
sides, ought to form two of the boundaries of the new
State ; that, he thought, could be very easily established ;
but those who wished to circumscribe Greece within the
narrowest possible limits would confine it by the Mores.
Austria, and those who with Austria desired to fix the
minimum of territory, called out for the Mores. When
the official papers, however, came to be seen, it would
then be aeparent that the English Governtnent had either
supported the true interests of Greece, or had sacrificed
them to the wishes of Austria. It would then be seen
whether proper means had been taken for securing These
saly and Epirus, and whether Ahe Gulf of Volo on the
East, and the Gulf of Arta on the West, were or were
not to form the boundaries of Greece. These he certainly
considered as limits essentiel to the military defence of
Greece, as was the natural boundary formed by the range
of mountains at the North, running like a back-bone be-
hind Greece—that was a barrier which nature pointed
out, and one which the habits of the people, and the
physical circumstances of the country, rendered obvious
and convenient. On the South, it was of importance
that Greece should be in possession of a territory which
would afford her a good military defence, for there it was
of peculiar importance that she should be preserved from
collision with her neighbours. It seemed to him one of
the strongest assertions which had ever been made, that
Greece ought to be made to pay a price in territory for the
political independence conferred upon her—she was given
a nominal independence, but a real dependence, with such
a tea ritory as that given to her, destitute as it was of the
means of military defence. The natural defence of Greece on
the South would he Candia; for with that island left in the
possession of the Turks, the means of aggression would be
continually in their hands. The ports of Turkey were
too distant to admit of frequent or formidable attacks upon
the Greeks; but with Candia in their possession, under-
takings of that natule became comparatively easy. If,
then, any thing had been done which tended to compro-
mise the independence of the new State in the manner to
which he alluded, he entreated his Majesty's Ministers to
reconsider the steps they bad taken, and shut the door
against future contention in the East, by providing for the
political security and military defence of Greece, thus
really executing the Treaty of London in spirit, satisfying
the just expectations of Greece, and doing credit to them-
selves and their allies. He professed to know nothing
upon those topics except what any man might learn at the
corners of the streets in common conversation, or from the
newsp tpers ; but he believed he should be borne cut in
this as:ertion, that if the wishes of England were deci-
sively made known upon the subject, the Allies would ac-
cede to them, and that it tested with the Cabinet of Eng-
land to decide whether or not the new State was to be
rendered secure or insecure. It hail been said that to
give Candia to the Greeks it must be conquered from
Turkey. What made that necessary?—what, but the
wavering and undecided conduct of the Cabinet of Eng-
land? It was also alleged that Candia had taken no part
in the insurrection against the Turkish power in Greece :
that could scarcely be the fact ; for early in the year 1827
the President of the Greek Legislative Assembly was
known to he in that island, and it was not at all likely
I that he would have been there, if there had not subsisted
a community of feeling between the Greek inhabitants of
that island and their brethren elsewhere. It was also to
be remembered that .Candia was one of the latest acqui-
sitions of Turkey—it had not been conquered by the
I Turks until the year 1679 ; and it was likewise an
important fact, that out of the 240,000 souls forming
the population of that island, the greater part were
Greeks. The Turks, however, were now in possession of
Candia, and that he believed was mainly owing to the in-
terference of our non-interfering Government. It was
one of the thousand and one instances in which our Go-
verntnent professed not to intermeddle, yet did so, c
trary to its professions. The Turks had wrongfully pre-
served possession of Cindia, anil now it was contended
that they should be allowed to profit by that wtoog—it
was a principle of law that no man ahould profit by bis