The Sun.
London, England, 1863-07-04 00:00:00

No. 22,158.

Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
rHURCH AND CHAPEL.
‘...) By the Author of " No Church," " Owen : a Waif," &e.
" This tale is well written, well constructed, and animated
by the various passions that move most powerfully the
human heart."—Daily News.
"One of the most powerful and interesting nuvels that
have come before us this season. It will be read with vivid
interest."—Sun.
Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

NEW NOVEL.
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
VICISSITUDES OF A GENTLEWOMAN :
A NOVEL.

Also now ready, Third Edition, in 3 vols.,
LIVE IT DOWN. By J. C. JEAFFRESON.
Hurst and Black ett, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

Now ready at all the Libraries, in 2 vols., 285.,

lORD WILLIAM LENNOX'S FIFTY
A YEARS' BIOGRAPHICAL REMINISCENCES.

" Lord William Lennox has given us, in these two very
charming volumes, a pleasant glimpse of society, and the
different celebrities of every kind and character who, meteor
like, have come and gone during the last half century. The
work cannot tail to amuse and interest all who read it"—
Sun.

Hurst and Blackett„ 13, Great Marlborough-street

A CRITIQUE on the NEWSPAPER PRESS,
in the
• LITERARY TIMES,
Every Week, ld.

ZADKIEL and HIS CRITICS, JUDICIAL and
LITERARY.—A SPECIAL and EARLY EDITION
of ZADIjIEL'S ALMANAC for 1864 will be Published, con-
taining a TRIUMPHANT REPLY.
G. Berger, London. Price 6d.

1411. CHURCH'S New Picture, 66 ICEBERGS,
painted from studies made in the Northern Seas in
the summer of 1859.—German Gallery, 168, Ne AT Bond-street,
W. Admission, is.

T " OXF O R D
6, OXFORD STREET.

Will be performed Selections from the following Operas :
LA CJPCASSIENNE, MARTHA, and
MASANIELLO.

Supported by Miss Russell, Miss Townley, Miss Ellison
Messrs. Albert, Green, Bernardi, Huish, Kimberley, and

W. EVans, with full band and 'chorus.
Conducted by Mr. Jonghmans.
Drew Dean's Flute Solos
Master Sanders, the Juvenile Vocalist.
UNSWORTII, the modern Demosthenes.

Eugene, W. Randall, J. Hutchenson, and the marvellous
ARTHUR and BERTRAND.

The FIALL has been newly Decorated and Ventilated, and
is now one of' the most Beautiful in the Metropolis.

CANTERBURY HALL AND
FINE ARTS GALLERY.
NOTICE.— ENTIRE CHANGE OF ENTERTAINMENT.
The Last Two Weeks of the' Marvellous ARTHUR and
BERTRANI), the Two Fren h Clowns.

ARTHUR LLOYD'S burlesque Drama, arranged expressly
for him.

SAM COLLINS, with new Songs.
UNSWORTII, the celebrated Stump Orator.
EUGENE, and TAYLOR.

GRAND SELECTIONS from OPERAS, GLEES, and

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JULY 4, 1863.

ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION
OF LIFE FROM FIRE.

Established 1843.
PATRON—The QUEEN,
•
PRESIDENT—The Eight Hon. the Lord Mayor.
The Public Presentation of the Society's Medals will take
place on TUESDAY, July 7, in the Egyptian Ball, Mansion
House, by kind permission of the Lord Mayor, who will take
the chair at Two o'clock precisely.
Ladies and Gentlemen desirous of attending are requested
to apply. for Tickets at the Society's Offices, 47, Ludgate-
hill.

SAMPSON LOW, JuN., Secretary.

THE INSURRECTION IN POLAND,

:From the Special Correspondent of the Times.)
GALICIAN-VOLRTNIAN FRONTIER, June 23.

ing mayors of villages to form bands of militia to
protect the country against the insurgents, the Na-
tional Government enjoins the mayors to form the
bands, and directs them to employ them in defending
their families and Property against " the licence and
violence of the Cossacks and Mongols."

GENERAL MOURAVIEFF'S DECREE.
BERLIN, July 1.
The Nord Deutsche Allgemezne Zeitung of to-day
publishes the following as the genuine text of the
decree issued by General Mouravieff against the
wearing of mourning by Polish women :
s' Even before political troubles broke out in this
country the larger portion of the female population
of the town of Wilna had commenced to wear dif-
ferent kinds of mourning in order to signify their
sympathy with the revolutionary movements in the
kingdom of Poland. The mourning consisted of
black dresses with or without white borders, or
black bonnets with white feathers, together with
certain tokens previously agreed upon, such as
metal bracelets with the arms of Poland and of Li-
thuania combined, broken crosses with crowns of
thorns, &c. These manifestations still continue in
greater or less degree. As, however, all sympathy
with the present insurrectionary movements, simi-
larly with rebellious acts, is forbidden by law, the
General-Commanding in the country ordered the
Governmental Chief upon the 12th of June (31st of
May) to issue the following orders, in order to sup-
press the criminal manifestations :

Very few particulars of indubitable authenticity
have reached me as to the proceedings of General
Mouravieff at Wilna, but quite enough to stamp
him as one of the most savage monsters who have
appeared in Europe since the days of the French
Revolution. Of course this is not the Mouravieff
who took Kars, or he would not have allowed
Kmeti to escape, and would have murdered his
prisoners. It is well known that the Mouravieffs
in Russia are divided into the Mouravieffs who
hang and the Mouravieffs who get hanged, and the
bloodthirsty chief who is allowed by his " well-in-
tentioned" Emperor to rule at Wilna, and to execute
without even the semblance of a ;trial men who
have not so much as contravened 'ono law of the
Russ:an Empire, is base enough to have boasted
that he is not of the same breed as the unfortunate
and noble-minded Mouravieff who suffered on the
scaffold at St. Petersburg with Pestel, Ryleieff, and
Bestoujeff, after the failure of the insurrection of
1825. The Polish newspapers agree in stating that
Mouravieff has ordered all ladies who may transgress
his regulations on the subject of mourning, national
costume, &c., to be whipped, but whether he issued
the command publicly, or made the threat privately,
does not appear. It is certain that the relatives of
Lithuanian gentlemen who have joined the insur-
rection fully believe that the mothers, sisters, or
daughters of the latter are being detained as hos-
tages. I also know that until the news of Count
Plater's execution arrived in Cracow several of his
friends, who took the deepest interest in his fate, and
imagined that he had already died of the wounds in-
flicted upon him by the Prussian peasants of
Livonia, bad not heard of any accusation 'whatever
being made against him. That he intended to join
the insurrection no one will do him the injustice to
doubt. That he had committed any illegal act up
to the moment of his arrest has not, as far as I can
learn, been ever. asserted. He was killed because he
bore an illustrous name, and because the Russians
know that whenever, there is a national movement
in Poland some of the Platen are sure to be at the
head of it. " I saw," says a correspondent of the
Czar, writing from Dunaburg, "this young man of
26 walk with brow erect and with a smile on his lips
to the place of execution. He did not fear his execu-
tioner, and after the sentence of death had been
read to him he went down on his knees, prayed fer-
vently, embraced his confessor, and put on the con-
demned shirt himself. The soldiers then bandaged
his eyes and marched him forwards. A report was
heard, and the victim rendered his noble soul to his
Creator. I withdrew in silence, and passing the
pmybled, youngtheir and man. There I
found all only Catholic church in the place, entered it to offer
np
a
prayerhifsorfatmheiluy assembled,
heart-
rending sobs told what a loss they had sustained.
The mother alone was calm, and did her best to con-
sole
her poor children. "Do not weep," she said;
"you see that I am not weeping, but I should have
shed bitter tears if he had trembled at the sentence
of the Russian Government. I know that he did
not, for I saw him before he left the prison, and
prayed with him and for him."
One word more as to General Mouravieff. When,
about a year and a half ago, he was forced to resign
his post as Minister of Domains—for which, as for

' ' 1. Proclamation is to be made throughout the
town of Wilna that mourning and the wearing of
black dresses and other revolutionary symbols
cannot at present be permitted.
" ' 2. Officials are to be instantly dismissed from
their posts in all cases where females belonging to
their families have appeared publicly in black
dresses or other mourning garb.
" 3. Females, without distinction of position,
calling, and:nationality, who appear in public places
in black dresses or generally attired in mourning, or
with revolutionary accessories to the toilette, are to
be punished in the following way :—For the first
offence a fine of 25 silver roubles. Upon repetition
of the offence such women are to be arrested, in
order that they may be treated as persons who par-
ticipate in the insurrection.

ARGYLL ROOM S.-JULLIEN'S
PROMENADE CONCERTS.
NOTlCE.—During the Week the Selections will be—" Der
Frieschutz."—" !,a Forza del Destino "—" Il Trovatore "
"Don Giovanni," &o.
LEVY, the great wonder on the Cornet-a-Piston, plays
from half-past Nine to Twelve.

Admission, is.

" ' 4. In case the guilty parties do not pay the
fines imposed, a sufficient portion of their property
is to be immediately sold to defray the amount.
"5. The fines are lo be paid over to the Go-
vernmental Chief, and will be devoted to the sup-
port of families in the rural districts whose houses
have been plundered and devastated by the insur-
rectionary band.

" ' 6. Persons mourning for their nearest relatives
must produce legal proofs to the police of the actual
death of such relatives. They will only be allowed
to wear mourning for the period recognised by or-
dinary custom upon compliance with this requisi-
tion.

MR. T. CARRICK begs to announce to his
Artist Friends and the Public, that his Photographic
Establishment, 32, Regent-street, Piccadilly-circus, is now
in full operation.
Cartes de Visite, 10 for 10s. 6d; 21 for £l. Miniatures on
Ivory, Marble, and the Photographic base in his former
styles.

TEA.—MOORE BROTHERS respectfully inti-
mate that their New Prospectus is now ready. They
especially recommend their improved Family Tea, reduced
to 3s. 2d. ; Souchong, reduced to 38. 6d. ; mixed Assam, re-
duced to 3s. Bd. ; and the finest Assam, reduced from 48. 4d.
to 38. lid. per lb.
MOORE BROTHERS, 35, London-bridge, City, E.C.

THE FARMER'S BAROMETER, 505., a
new Instrument, by Negretti and Zambra, will cor
rectly indicate whether the Barometer falls for Rain or for
Wind. Particulars by enclosing stamp.-1, Hatton-garden ;
57, Cornhill ; and 122, Regent-street.

LUXURIANT WHISKERS, Moustaches, and
Eyebrows produced in a few weeks by the use of
ELLIOTT'S TONIC LOTION, the stimulative properties
of which are unfailing' in their operation. Thomas Elliott
invites a trial from the most sceptical, that they may be con-
vinced of its infallible power. Price 3s. 6d., 6s. 6d., 10s. 6d.,
and 21s. Forwarded on receipt of postage stamps.—Thomas
Elliott, hairgrower (first floor), 51, Fenchurch-street. T. E.'s
wigs. £1 10s.

factory at that place turns out, in addition, from
500 to 600 rifles a month, and means have been
adopted which will soon greatly increase the supply.
It possesses, moreover, a cannon foundry, and the

rifle ordnance which is turned out is ieported as
being of a very superior kind. The system has

"' 7. All that has been ordered in the above six
paragraphs relates equally to individuals of the male
sex found publicly wearing mourning symbols, as
also to persons"; furnished with czamarks, confede-
ratkis, long boots above their trousers, or other
tokens of the insurrectionary party.

" ' The Governmental tribunal has communicated
this present order by special circular to all district
police-courts, for the general guidance.' "

_ .
been— adopted by the Prince of placing whole dis-

...
every other occupation except that of executioner,
he is by natura and education quite unfitted—every
respectable Russian congratulated himself on his
country being at length freed from such an incubus.
Yet, at the present moment, Mouravieff is thought

ricts under martial law. This is accounted for

(IRNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library,
Lnd Dining-room, consisting of a new and e,egant assort-
ment of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Ink-
stands, beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, &a, in Italian,
Alabas er, Parian, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, Am
Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mine-
ralogist to her gajesty, 149, Stand, W.C., Lonaon.

Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS,
MINERALS, ROCKS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly
facilitate he interesting study of MINERALOGY, CON-
CHOLOGY, Ind GEOLOGY, at 2, 5,10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas
each.

PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE.
RALOGY is given by Mr. TENNANT, at 149, Strand, W.C.

HOME and FOREIGN INQUIRY OFFICE.—
Confidential inquiries and legal investigations pri-
vately instituted with the utmost fidelity and despatch. in
England and all parts on the Continent, by Mr. POLLAKY,
14, George-street, Mansion-house, E.C.

under.a pretext of putting down brigandage, but it

seems that there is no ground for this statement,
and travellers recently arrived declare that they
have traversed the whole Principality without see-
ing any indication of it. The obvious object, no

doubt, is to place the country under his complete
control, and he has recently declared that he will

by the Government to be " just the man for
Poland," and the Polish papers even assert that he
is soon to replace the too gentle Berg at Warsaw.
General Berg, by the way, is said to be on the
worst possible terms with the Marquis Wielopolski,
and to have become at length fully persuaded that
he is the chief director of the Polish National
Government. I do not think I have mentioned that
the Marquis's steward at Chroberz (in the King-
dom, near the Galician frontier) was compelled last
month to pay 17,000 Polish florins (£425) as the 10
per cent. contribution from the estate to the ex-
penses of the war. The steward did not positively
refuse to pay, but made excuses, saying that he had
not enough money in the house, should like the
collector to call again after the wool fair, and so on.
Ultimately, however, the sum demanded was handed
over.

ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road,
in the immediate vicinity of the Great Northern Rail-
way Terminus at King's-cross.
The Committee earnestly solicit the ASSISTANCE of the
benevolent, as the premises of this Hospital are capable of
containing several hundred more beds, had the Committee
the requisite funds to maintain them.

extend the system as circumstances may require.
As to the feeling of nationality which is supposed

to unite this population with that of adjoining pro-
vinces, it would seem to find no echo among the
Servian people, between whom and the Bulgarians,

Contributions are received by the Treasurer, Edward Mas-
terman, Esq., Nicholas-lane ; and at the Hospital, fromlo till
5. STANFORD S. SMITH, Secretary.

or instance, there is no bond of sympathy or cora-

munity of interests. The dialect spoken by each
differs so greatly as to afford scarcely any means of
mutual comprehension ; and this assertion may be
taken as a popular delusion which has been im-

ported into the question with the view of enlisting
the sympathies of those indiscriminate supporters

The following official justification of the late
transfer of money from the Exchequer of the Con-
gress-Kingdom to the treasury of the National Go-
vernment has just been published :
" The object of the National Government is not only to
employ all the resources of the country in the insurrection,
but also to deprive the enemy of the means of repressing it,
by keeping from him all means of continuing the war. The
money of the country must be employed in working out its
liberation ; accordingly, Stanislas Janowski and Stanislas
Hebda have, on the order of the National Government, car-
ried over the sum of 24,012,992 Polish florins 'end 20 grossy
(£600,000) from the treasury of the `Kingdom' to that of
the National Government. The National Government, in
making this fact public, declares that the officials Janowski
and Hebda have rendered a service to their country, and
that, by the order of the National Government, they have
been sent abroad on a special mission."
One of the two chief cashiers left a letter for the
Marquis Wielopolski, saying that he had served the
Government for 38 years, but that he could no longer
bear to see the public money spent in paying spies
and sbirri, and had therefore made over the sums
intrusted to him to the Government recognised by
the Polish nation. One might imagine from this
letter that during the last 38 years, and until the
present insurrection, such things as spies and sbirri
had never been heard of in Poland.
All the officials of the Treasury are said to have
escaped except one, named Koltanowski, who, fail-
ing to get away, committed suicide, fearing (as the
Gazeta Narodowa states) that he would be tortured,
and in his agony might say something to compro-
mise his associates.
Letters from Warsaw say that the rage of the
Grand Duke on hearing of the transfer of the
24,000,000 Polish sixpences was unbounded, and
the execution of Abicht, the official, and Konarski,
the Capuchin monk, on the following day is said
to have been one of its results. Konarski was
formerly one of the chaplains of Langiewicz's army.
He afterwards joined a small detachment, which
soon after its formation was dispersed. He then
attached himself to the corps commanded by Kona.
wiez, and was taken prisoner when Konowicz him-
self was killed. It must be understood that Konarski
was never a combatant, but occupied himself in the
insurgent camp with tending the sick, and giving
religious consolation to the dying.
The (National) Governor of Warsaw has issued a
proclamation in which he complains that some of
the inhabitants have been base enough to pay their
taxes to the Russian Government, and warns them
against any repetition of the offence. It appears,
too, that some of the contractors who have been in
the habit of supplying the Russian army with corn
have written to the National Government to ask
permission to dispose of their present stock. The
Government replies once for all that it has issued its
orders, can make no exceptions, and will answer no
more letters on the subject.
As to the officials dismissed from their posts for
aiding the national cause, the Government engages
to provide for them, and to reinstate them in due
time, and in the meanwhile cautions all Poles against
replacing them.
Finally, in reply to the Russian order command-

of the cause of nationalities who make no distinc-
tin between well-founded claims and those of ficti•

ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT
INSTITUTION
(Incorporated by Royal Charter).
PATitoNEss—Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen.
PRESIDENT—Vice-Admiral the Duke of Northumberland,
K.G., F.R.S.
CHAIRMAN—Thos. Baring, Esq., M.P., F.R.S., V.P.
DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN—Thomas Chapman, Esq., F.R.S., V.P.
APPEAL.
The Committee of Management have to state that, since
he beginning of the year 1860, the Royai National Lifeboat
Institution has expended £32,000 on various Lifeboat Estab-
lishments on the Coasts of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
The number of lives saved by the Life-boats of the
Society, cud other means, since its formation, is 12,800;
tor' which services 82 Gold Medals, 718 Silver Medals, and
£16,480 in cash have been paid in rewards. The Institu-
tion has also expended £67,( 00 on Life-boats, Life-boat
Transporting-carriages, and Boat-houses.
The Committee desire to express their grateful sense of
the generous support which they have received from the
British public during the past few years, a support which
has enabled them to establish their present magnificent fleet
of 123 Lifeboats on the shores of the United Kingdom.
Deeply sensible, however, of the great responsibility that
rests on them to maintain their fleet in a thoroughly efficient
state, and its Crews practised in the management of their
boats, which can only be effected by a large and permanent
annual income, they earnestly appeal to all classes of their
countrymen to aid them in upholding and perpetuating so
great and truly national a work.
The Committee gratefully acknowledge the following con-
tributions:—

£ a. d
Her Majesty the Queen .
annual 5 0 0
. annual 50 C 0
Campbell, the Hon. Mrs. G, ..
Clerk, Colonel, B.A.
.. • .. annual 1 1 0
Coutts and Co., Messrs., Bankers .. annual 10 0 0
Currie, Wm., Esq., 4th don.lo 0
rule, Lord Chief Justice• • • •: ▪ •don. 10 10 0
Fanshawe, Vice-Admiral Sir A. K:C.B. .. 2d don. 25 0 0
Fenwick, G. J., Esq., cost of a Lifeboat and Tran-
sporting Carriage 250 0 0
• •
Harvey, Rev. G. G. and. Mrs.. • • don. 30 0
Martin, Sir Henry, Bart. .. :. 7th don. 10 0 0
Moore, Rev. G. B.
.. don. 15 15 0
Smith, Mrs. George, Greenwich .• .. 30 0
Stirling, Col. Sir Anthony, 1.C.8. annual 2 0 0
Lady
Thom 5, Lady, Weston-super-Mare, collected by her
Ladyship
Willoughby d'Eresby, Lord ••.. 16 16 0•
. annual 5 0 0
Donations and Annual •Subscriptions will be thankfully re-
eived by the Bankers of the Institution, Messrs. Willis,
Percival, and Co., 76, Lombard-street; Messrs. Coutts and
Co., 59, Strand ; Messrs. Berries, Farquhar. and Co., 16, St-
James's-street, London ; by a 1 the Collectors of Customs
and Bankers in the Unitedliingdom; and by the Secretary
Richard Lewis. Esq., at the Office of the Institution, 14,
Johzt-gitreet, Adolph], London,

ions origin.

In order to convince the world that a material
and important improvement has been attained in
this country in regard to its prosperity, and to show

THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE,

(From the Times' Correspondent.)
CONSTANTINOPE, June 25.

.hat the various reforms which have been intro-

diced from time to time have not been barren of

which become manifest, on its perusal, to the most
superficial observer. There is, undoubtedly, a grew

An intelligent English officer, who for the last six
months has devoted his time to the study of the
Servian question, in connection with the difficulties
which had arisen between the Porte and that de-
pendency, has just returned from that country, and
the information which in that space of time he has
acquired on the subject of the Servian Government
and the Servian people affords an instructive lesson
with reference to the irresponsible statements which
go abroad, and which, for want of accurate know-
ledge on the subject, remain uncontradicted, and
from the mere force of persistence and repetition
gradually creep into our political creed as articles of
faith. It is not likely that we shall see the end of
the Servian question for some time. It is one
which diplomacy will never settle, and which can
only find a solution in an armed struggle, and this
will eventually decide whether the Turks are able to
maintain their present position in regard to their
semi-dependent provinces, and to strengthen their
hold on them by crushing the turbulent and ambi-
tious aspirations which are daily gaining ground ;
or whether the elements of opposition, becoming too
strong to be subdued, will open up a new phase in
connection with the great Eastern question, by re-
ducing it to a trial of strength between the Suze-
rain Power and its vassal. For this reason it is not
inopportune to avail oneself of the new lights which
are brought to bear on Servian affairs by an eye-
witness who has had every opportunity of arriving
at a correct estimate of the state of things in that
province, and whose authority is the more trust-
worthy because it is not vitiated by any precon
ceived ideas or prejudices, or any partiality on the
one side or the other. It is represented by my in-
formant that the greatest difficulty which attended
his investigation, and which it would seem is often
experienced in Servia by any travellers whose state-
ments are likely to influence public opinion abroad,
arose from the impediments which were constantly
opposed by the official class against any indepen-
dent and free intercourse with the people them-
selves. So long therefore as his observations were
made under the intimidating influence which the
Court and Government exercise over the popula-
tion, he was met by a certain amount of unanimity
in opinion hostile to the Turks. In time, however,
his suspicions were aroused, and he determined to
rid himself of the surveillance which dogged his
movements, and to endeavour by constant and fami-
liar intercourse with the people themselves to ascer-
tain what their real feeling was. It was not with-
out much difficulty that he contrived from time to
time to escape from the official restraint which
was put upon him; and he declares that in excur-
sions in the very heart of the country, and in a
close and minute survey of public opinion during
his wanderings, extending from one extremity of
Servia to the other, he found) with very few excep-
tions, the whole population more opposed to the
revolutionary and encroaching policy of the Go-
vernment than to the nominal protectorate of Tur-
key. Nor can this be wondered at when it is con-
sidered that Servia, although comparatively rich in
the resources which nature affords, is poor as regards
the development of those resources. When, out of a
population of one million of inhabitants, not less
than 105,000 men are employed in the service of the
Militia, the consequences to the country as regards
the interests of agriculture and industry must be
disastrous ; and such it would seem is the real state
of the case. Under the influence of the ambitious
projects of the Prince the province has assumed
lately all the terrors of a military despotism. The
general expression of the people when they can
give vent to their feelings unrestrained is to this
effect:—`` Our independence is guaranteed by the
protecting Powers ; the Turks do not interfere with
us. We are in no fear of aggression from other
quarters ; we require all our availablebands for the
extension of agricultural pursuits, Why should we
be forced into the adoption of a military system
which is utterly incompatible with our require-
ments, and be ground down with intolerable bur-
dens in the interest of an ambitious policy, from
which we can reap no advantage ?"
With the critical eye of a military man nryin
in-
formant watched the progress of the large6aor
ments which are made. The 50,000 or .'oao_oe
muskets which Russia supplied some time ag(;_ri
rva.
all been rifled. The central military depot a i&.
by
gujewatz seems to possess all the appliancesmall arms
be effected, The /3
which such changes can

. .
;i-f114,-.?....'*--T-'l-,..` • ".4t4i- 4.
..
. ......„ .
. - .
~.1 ,
tt;( - ~,....
*.*., / \ ..
‘ N......., , ...10.,,FC.,-,'*,1,./., r-fr
\ (400 ' ..iy: AI
_, .
~
...
...
.......1111‘
,
...` ..*-- '''' s,kt -'l4 .: -,----- _1 ;,3 461411k1- '
........- 4, Ci...:.0., .
- ~.. • -, , \,.. ••,ita . ,
4-....''M *A 1. 1414 , -aLi• ~,,;-,,,,, , ... -. 'c -
:, , ,
_____.,.. , 44--,4., , ~,,, • ~,,,,
...s. ..fiteiNlet: is &Co/3 -..-ILIPIIIIIIIIIIO','AL* ....41. k ,
7Mir" ~ C.4' DIE I '.• ' ‘ll4 ' .16.0.5 '' ti% Alm. ,‘'' * 1 4-". '4,- ,
1. t
.. ' ' /k, ttill '''' e"e„..... i -DRorr. 0 \ lis--,--4'ir— '
4.
• ...., ..111,1.11.,

results, the Turkish Government has been preparing
for some time past a statement of the present posi-
tion of the country as compared to its condition
several years back. It is not unlikely that they may
publish this statement in the form of a pamphlet, and
if they do so it is to be hoped that, in their own in-
terest, they will carefully exclude exaggerations

deal in it which is true, and which bears testimony

:hat some improvement has taken place since the

promulgation of the Hatti-Sherif of Gulhane,which

is taken in this exposition as the point of departure,

There are other points, however, which, although
they are dealt with in a very plausible manner, do

not bear the test of close investigation, and dimi-
nish, therefore, its weight and trustworthiness. As
regards the commercial prosperity of the country,
they have been obliged to obtain their materials
from sources other than their own, for it will hardly
be believed there is no means at present in their
own departments, of obtaining statistical informa-
tion of any description. In dealing with the export
and import trade they have to pass over the former,

as it would have been next to impossible to arrive
at any accurate calculation on the subject. In regard
to the latter, they have evidently obtained their
figures from English and French sources, as it is
with those two countries that they deal in pointing
to the gradual increase of trade ; and, so far, their
statements may be taken as correct. It is thus that
they show that the importations from England alone,
which in 1831 stood only at £BBB,OOO, have gradually
and in increasing proportion reached in the present
day the considerable amount of £5,600,000 ; while
those of France show for the corresponding period
an increase from 16,700,000 f. to 91,800,000 f. They
then point to the great augmentation of the public
revenue in the same period, which it is unnecessary
I should develop here, as I have pointed it out in
other letters. They endeavour to establish a parallel
between their own position and that of England and
France, in regard to the gradual and necessary in-
crease of expenditure and the corresponding aug-
mentation of revenue ; and they draw an argument
from this comparison favourable to the march of pro-
gress and improvement in their own country. They
take credit to themselves for the abolition of ob-
noxious taxes ; such as, for instance, as the
" haratch" or capitation tax, and for the reforms
in regard to the better collection of the revenue,
which have yielded such unexpected advantages.
They dilate on the benefits resniting from the
adoption of a free-trade policy ; aud, after entering
into other details, too minute to be transcribed
here, they point out triumphantly that there is no
country in which the people are so little taxed.
This may be true in theory, but is not borne out by
practice ; for, although the amount of taxation is
not very large, the irresponsible manner in which
it is collected by rapacious administrators, and also
by the farmers of the revenue (dinners), renders the
system of taxation, as now practised, the most
grinding and oppressive of the many abuses of
which the provincial Governors are guilty.
The weakest point in this paper, and one which
the Turks had better have left alone, is the bold
statement that there has been a considerable in-
crease in the population. Strictly speaking, this
assertion is correct, but it is unwise that they should
bring forward in vindication of themselves, an ar-
gument which is certainly a strong one against
them. It is hardly necessary to say that, while the
Christian population has increased, the Mussulman
element has considerably diminished. It is need-
less to enter into the various causes which contri-
bute to this diminution, the principal one of which
is to be found in the system of conscription. This
gradual decline of the Turkish race is a question
which the most sanguine partisans of Turkish rule
cannot answer satisfactorily.
In Committee of the Civil Service Estimates in
the House of Commons a discussion arose on the
Estimates for repairs and improvements of the Em-
bassy-houses at Constantinople, which afforded an
instance of the irresponsible manner in which every-
thing regarding tjais country seems to be dealt with.
One member boldly stated that Therapia being three
miles from Pera there was no use in keeping up
two houses so near each other. Lord Palmerston,
with equal correctness, said that the distance was
six miles, and that, as all Turkish Ministers go to
Therapia in the summer, it is necessary that our
Embassy should follow them there. Now, it so
happens that Therapia is 12 miles from Pera, and
that there is not one Turkish Minister residing
there. Another member stated, from his own
knowledge, that the Embassy in Pera commanded a
view of the Sea of Marmora on one side and of the
Black Sea on the other. It is generally known, but
seems to have been forgotten on this occasion, that
the two seas are separated by a channel 22 miles in
length called the Bosphorus. The fact is that at
the commencement of the hot season Pera becomes
uninhabitable. Every one, therefore, who possesses
£lOO or £2OO, or, not possessing it, is in a
position
to borrow that sum, immediately invests it in rent-
ing a house on the cool shores of the Bosphorus. It
would be unreasonable, therefore, that the Arobassa-
dorshould be an exception to this very general 1:2
and, although Turkish Ministers do not reside
the Asiatic
on w
Therapia, they take up their residence in the rash;
bouring villages, principally
living on the Bosphorus in the sum, t
discussion,
and it is easier to keep up intercour:er ithhatnhbemy
rbey..
to this
comparatively unimportant maining in solitary state in
aPEeirtaw.
hing re
asi, hi:illustrative
biting
of the manner in which everyt
It way be taken as the
- with the maximum
Eastern questiov,
epitome of the f fact.
country is diseu3sed.
0
of opinion and the minimum

minnsf:rraThse
Bazaar has been suggested,
ewd,hietries
the bazaar are to be delliras:
idea is not
in possession of books may exchange them for
s The expenses o
otner • on all transact.
said, by a percentage
::Asonji3::_e_l:a._?E;C7h://132egSfe 0 f to-day
but properly worked out might
a new 000, become a great
nce to biblioposts and
eonvent• li
e literary men,
RAILWAY ACCIDENT.--.NEwp„„, ,
uur, duty 3,—A
frightful accident occurred to-da frig Y On the West Midland
Railway, at Cwmbran, near Newport,
carriages of the down express ran The engine and
off the rails from some
unknown cause. The engineer
Quo
passenger
severely r was killed, the stoker and
injured, and several others hurt,

-

-..4d.
STAMPED

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

VV.- Z

rki ENV S PA:1)1 Ia

~~~~.~~

2,,,. • ..,V,. ..1 4,t,
(lei
corporation to the Royal hospitals, from t icit `)11,-"t-
sli ~z
I,
i,)
downwards. The Lord Mayor handed in t fit WI, , 4,*7.1
from ill-health and advanced age, by Mr. .'! -OA ,ert5..,..4•,.";42,2
office of Remembrance'', and, in doing so, his V, stlY4nl--4 ";'
~./
pressed his regret, amid strong manifestations of sylliathil S
by the whole Court, at losing the services of so old and
valuable an officer, Mr. Tyrrell, he said, having succeeded
his father in the office of Remembrancer, and served the
corporation for the long period of more than half a century.
On the motion of Captain Parker, the resignation was ac-
cepted, and a reference was made to a committee to inquire
into the nature, duties, and emoluments of the office, audio
consider the expediency of amalgamating it partly with the
office of town-clerk and parly with that of city solicitor. A
communication was laid before the Court from Mr. Deputy
Harrison, resigning his seat as a representative of the corpo-
ration at the Metropolitan Board of Works,for the reason that
the part he had felt it to be his duty to take in opposing the
construction by the corporation of the proposed new street
from Blackfriars to the Mansion-house had subjected him
to censure from some members of the Court. The letter gave
rise to a long and occasionally angry and personal discus-
sion, but which had little or no public interest, and a resolu-

WORCESTER SUMMER MEETING.—FRIDAY.
The West Midland Railway Stakes of 5 sous each, with 25
added; two-yr-olds, 7st:7lb ; three, 9st 31b ; four, 10A
31b; five and upwards, lOst 91b; mares and geldings
allowed 31b; selling- allowances. T.Y.C,, straight half-
inile.

Mr. Devereux's Highland Mary, 2 yrs, sst 61b (i2O)
(Kenyon) 1
Mr. Waller's Woman in Black colt, 2 yrs, sst 1i)lb (£36)

(J. Grimshaw) 2
Betting—G to 4on Woman in Black colt.
Won by half a length.
The Bentinck Benevolent Fund Stakes (Handicap) of 3
soya each, with 30 added ; the winner to give 5 soya to
the Fund for the Relief of Decayed Jockeys ; winners
ex. 1 mile and a quarter. 10 subs.
Mr. Rochester's Anaticulus, 3 yrs, ist 51b (inc, Sib ex.)
(T. French) 1
Mr. Adams's Ledbury, 4 yrs, 7st 101 b (J. Holman) 2
Gen. Shirley's Misfire, 4 yrs, Bst 21b ........
G(J. Mashnwn) :3
Mr.lFitzhugh's Gasconade, 3 yrs, Gst Sib (J . rima) 4
Mr. Sly ns. Everlasting, 5 yrs, 7st 131 b ....(Pritchard) 5
Betting-7 to 4 agst Gasconade, sto 2 agst Anaticulus,
7 to 2 agst Ledbury, 5 to 1 each agst Misfire and Ever-
lasting.
Won by a length, a neck between second and third.
The Flying Stakes (Handicap) of 5 soya each, with 40
added ; the second to save his stake , winners extra.
T.Y.C., straight half mile. 30 subs.
Lord Stamford's Little Lady, 5 yrs, Bst 21b .. (Edwards) 1
Mr. R. C. Naylor's Fravola, 6 yrs, Bst 101 b (Challoner) 2
Lord Coventry's Zara, 3 yrs, 6st l lib
Lord Coventry's Cosette, 2 yrs, sst 71b (J. Grimshaw) 4
Capt. Christie's Miss Julia, aged, fist 91b ....(Custance) 5
Mr. H. Madelaine's Duchess of Kent, 2 yrs, sst 71b
(Ward) 6
Betting-7 to 4 agst Little Lady, 2to 1 agst Fravola, 5
to 1 agst Miss Julia, 3 to 1 agst Zara and Cosette, coupled.
Won by a short neck ; three lengths between the second
and third ; two lengths between the third and fourth.
The Worcester Cup (Handicap) of 100 sovs, by subscrip-
tion of 10 soya each, h ft (the surplus in specie), for
3-yr-olds and upwards; gentlemen riders; jockeys 71b
extra; winners extra, One mile and three furlongs. 15
subs.
Lord Coventry's Umpire, 6 yrs, list 131 b (inc 51b extra)
(Mr. G. S. Thompson) 1
Mr. T, Golby's Church Militant, 4 yrs, 9st 121 b (in 71b ex)
(Nightingall) 2
Mr. E. Herbert's Whitehall, 3 yrs, 9st (Mr. Bevil') 3
Mr. W. Hart's Middlewatch, 3 yrs, fist 11b (inc 71b ex)
(Clement) 4
Betting-3 to lon Umpire, sto 1 agst any other,
Won by six lengths; four lengths between second and
third.

tion was passed expressive of theregret of the Court, enter-
taining, as they did, a high appreciation of the long and
valuable services of Mr. Deputy Harrison, that any circura-
stanca should have occurred to induce him to tender his re-
signation as a member of the Metropolitan Board. It was
then left to the Lord Mayor to fix an early day for the elec-
tion. On the motion of Mr. Rudkin, the Markets Improve-
ment Committee were instructed to obtain by public com-
petition designs, plans, and estimates for the proposed
Metropolitan Meat and Poultry Market ; premiums of £3OO
and £2OO being afterwards awarded by the Court for the two
most approved designs, which were then to become the pro-
perty of the corporation.

The Coventry Stakes of 10 sovs each, with 100 added, for
2,yr-olds ; colts Bst 101 b, fillies Bst 71b; winners extra;
allowances ; second to save his stake. Straight five fur-
longs course. 29 subs.
Mr. W. Craven's Practitioner, Oat 111 b (inc 71b extra)
(J. Goater) 1
Mr. R. Sutton's Vacuna, Bst 71b (Custance) 2
Lord. Stamford's Alpheus, Bst 71b (A. Edwards) 3
Mr. Rochester's Lady Fanny Cavendish, Bst 41b
(T. French) 4
General Shirley's Chip of the Old Block, Bst 71b
(J. Mann) 5
Mr. H. Owen's The Doctor, 9st llb (Challoner) 6
Mr. J. Osborne's Greenland, Bst 71b (J. Osborne) 7
Betting-7 to 4 agst Alpheus, sto 2 agst Vacuna, sto 1
agst The Doctor, 7 to 1 agst Greenland, 15 to 1 agst Prac-
titi, ner.
Won by two lengths ; a length between second and third;
two lengths between third and fourth.
The Ladies' Plate of 25 soya, added to a sweepstakes of 3
soya each; 2-yr•olds sst 121 b, three, 7st 101 b, four Bst
Gib, five and upwards Bst 121 b, mares and geldings al-
lowed 31b ; the winner to be sold for £5O, second to save
his stake, Five furlongs.
Mr. F. Jacobs's Lufra, 3 yrs, 7at 71b
Mr. E. Brayley's Surbiton Hill, 4 yrs, Sst 61b (Cowley) 2
Lord Coventry's Bo3otian, 4 yrs, Sat 121 b (J. Grimshaw) 3
Mr. T. Cliffs Queen of Clubs, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (Williamson) 4
Mr. E. Buckley's Sir Watkin, 2 yrs, sst 121 b (Kenyon) 5
Mr. Adams's Ledbury, 4 yrs, Bst 61b
Mr. Meredith's Abernethy, 3 yrs, 7st 101 b.... (Pearson) 7
Betting-2 to 1 agst Boeotian, sto 2 agst Lufra, sto
1 agst Queen of Clubs, 6 to 1 agst Surbiton
Won by a length, a head between second and third, bad
fourth.
The winner was bought in for 131 guineas.
The Consolation Plate (Handicap) of 30 sovs, for all ages,

winners extra. About one mile.

Mr. Noble's Teddy, 5 yrs, Oat 21b (Speight) 1
Mr. Etche's Fluke, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (Clement) 2
Mr. Eyke's Gordian Knot, 2 yrs, sst 71b.... (Jamieson) 3
Mr. F. Jacobs's Lufra, 3 yrs, 7st 61b (T. French) 4
Overton, Wildman, and Madame Walton also ran.
Betting-5 to 2 agst Fluke, 3to 1 agst Overton, 4to 1
agst Lufra, 5 to 1 agst Teddy.
Won by a length, a bad third.
The winner was objected to by Clement on the ground of
foul riding; but on the matter being investigated by the
Stewards, it was overruled.

BETTING AT MANCHESTER-YESTERDAY,

LIVERPOOL CUP.
7to 1 agst Joey Jones (offered)
9to 1 agst Carisbrook (taken)
10 to 1 agat Imperatrice (taken)
11 to 1 agst Oakapple (taken)
14 to 1 agst Fantail (taken)
16 to 1 agat Erin-go-Bragh (taken)
GOODWOOD STAKES.
7to 1 agst Knutsford (offered)
14 to 1 agst Balham (taken)
14 to 1 agst Bellman (taken)
14 to 1 agst Canzonette (taken)
THE DERBY.
16 to 1 agst Cambusean (taken)

COMMON COUNCIL.

_warransi
~,,ien
defencejusey
On Thursday at a meeting of the Common Council, held
at Guildhall, the Lord Mayor presiding, the subject of the
election of Mr. Cubitt, the late Lord Mayor, as President
of St. Bartholomew's Hospital,was brought under considera-
tion. At present, as for some time past, a fierce quarrel exists
between the members of the corporation who are governors
of the hospital on the one hand, and the donation governors
on the other, as to the class to which the governing body
at large shall elect their president, and the more interest
attaches to the question from the belief that it affects all
the Royal Hospitals of the city of London, richly en-
dowed as they are, and not that of St. Bartholomew
alone. The custom has been to elect an alderman, and
often the Lord Mayor for the time being, when a vacancy
has occurred ; but to this there have been exceptions, as
when a few years ago the Duke of Cambridge was chosen to
be President of Christ's Hospital over the head of Alderman
Sidney, the then chief magistrate of the city, and again
quite recently, when the governors of St. Bartholomew
elected Mr. Cubitt to be their chief, in his capacity of a do-
nation governor, and after he had ceased to be an aldermoaio.
the
i‘salird‘wNhi
seodrtohmo
The vacancy in the office of President of St. B veins
mew's was created in rather a peculiar way.
_ho bad
the first year of his mayoralty, Mn Cubit!, wor, was
previously been, and still is, a donation golf:Gorge
elected President on the death of AlderinoTtlice'' until a
Carroll, and continued to beam the f the Court of
Aldermen he voluntarily relinquished tias.% by a majority
short time ago. On ceasing to
obe_or :0 of president
of the hospital, and the governors have. na,,
The Court of Al.have laid a case be-
ar. Bovill, and
Al-
re-elected eecnt ed h
feelingim
fore Sir Fitzroy Kelly, Sir lingeanct, who have given it as
aagsgaridevoendataiotnthigosvureerns_u:irtirn,
8,
the Recorder and Common Ser(ff
mr.
Cubitt as a donation
their opinion that the electionadviso
the corporation to raise
at the relation either of the
anibilYraised—whether by the wholem
as a
b.uctoiorna,ree part ofimite.,
the queStion by 414
_4 au, Common Council, or of some
Court of Aldermen "
interesto in the subject. Yesterday, it be-
, person having an
governor is invalid,°
onsideration with the Court by who
came a matter for c
he
u...ll,gatmthone same f
the legal questionoedy
thought
tth ea
of papers on the subject,ris, M.P.,
and es-
peciallyP r°,3uuraitte. by the solicitor
unexceptionableexpending
president could for the opinion
the easbeting
doubting
of counsel,
di electedHenoatdaheadvethbaetenhecould
of a privilege of
mcoorfeodraftoironti2o a . , A
snore
tqoutettxntaeibalet aim unuperpeucetydeTlnt-
than a man who had been twice Lord Mayor
of London, and
who enjoyed the respect and affection of the citizens at large
not understand the alarm and se
corporat ion
sensitiveness of the Court of
Aldermen on this occasion,
to vindicate what the seeing that they took no steps
y now
conceived to be their rights
when they elected, in a spirit of obsequious toadyism, a
Royal Duke to be th
President of Christ's Hospital. The
Lord Mayor said he °
P
for by the corporation understood the right now contended
n was brought under the consideration
of the Common Council when the vacancy at Christ's Hos-
pital arose, but the opinion of the Court was so undecided
no
that '
action was taken in the matter. Alderman
and Sheriff Lawrence said the question had now been
forced upon the corporation governors of the hospital by the
donation governors having at the recent election openly de-
clared their determination to put one of their own class into
office. As advantage, he said, was taken on that occasion
by some of the governors to deride the notion that the cor-
poration had ever given any substantial aid to the funds of
the hospital, he was now enabled to state that the corpora-
tion had contributed from £lOO,OOO to 1200,000 to its sup-
port, and with that fact before them, ,and the opinion of
counsel as to the invalidity of the recent election, the Court
of Aldermen, feeling that the honour and dignity of the cor-
poration were concerned in the matter, had :submitted it
for consideration to the Common Council. On the motion
of Mr. Norris, it was referred to the General Purposes
Committee to consider what steps should be taken, and to
report what contributions in money had been made by the