The Sun.
London, England, 1808-07-14 00:00:00

VICTUALLING-OPTIC:If,

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This Day was published,
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DOVULtiII EVIDENCES of NATURAL RE-
X. • LiGioN and CHRISTIANITY.
By the Rev. THOMAS WATSON.
printed for Longthan, Hurst, Rees, and ()rme, Pater-
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By JOSEPH HOLDEN PUTT, A.M.
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This Day was published,
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THE HISTORY of SCOT.Li.kND ; from the
Union of the Crowns, 04 the Accession of fames VI.
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the reign of Queen Anne.
The Second Edition, corrected, with a Preliminary Disser-
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;- men, have none," &c. —See Mr. Fox's Letter to the Author,
in. his History of the Early ['art of the Keign of fames 11.
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reasonings,'" &c.—See Mr. Fox's History, chap 2.
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". After your Exellency had Made known td the
Holy Fathers that it was the decided wish of his
Majesty. the Emperor and King, that he :shook' en-
ter into an offensive and defensiveleague with the
'other Powers. of Lilly, as -.bad been declared by M.
CHAMPAGNY to .ihe Cardinal CAPItAitA, by a Hotel
of the 3d current, .t he dispatch of the said ,Csraiiial
has been received, which brought the Original. note
of the above Minister.
" The Holy Father, after having attentively r,'.ad
and.considered the said,document, has ordered Car; •
GaBRIELLI, First .Seciretary of State; to tiake
known to your Ext.;ellenek his Holiness's semi-
ments on its contents ; begnining *with that which
lams the cardinal, point among all the others. His
' Holiness has seen with pain,. that_ even the .final:
proposition therein contained, of the offensive and
defensive league, should 'be accompanied with the
threat of• depriving him of his 'temporal dominioni
in case of his non-compliance. - If worldly ennsi;
aerations had at all influenced the conduct of the
Holy_ Father, he would from the first have yielded•-
to the wishofhisMajesty, and not have expoted him-
self to suffer so many calamities.; but. the Holy Father
is regulatgd alone I:(y•the consideration due to his
duty and his conscience both have prevented him
from agreeing to the federation, and they equally hint
der him from consenting to the offensive ncl defensive.
league, which differs but in name ; its nature, how-
ever, does not except any Prince, tO'whom the Pope,
according to the circumstances Qf the times, , might
not become an enemy.
• " His Holiness feels, moreover; that this , ar--
tide, far- from improving, detraett fret-n...11'1'; Situation.
In the articles presented to Cardinal DE BAYAN the
federation wasja-opqsed n;s -alone against heretics
and the .English. , ,But this' is cOncfied in general
terms, pOintinv'' out no people as an enemy, - yet
excluding no Government, no Nation; from the
contingency -of; becoming one. • If, then, his' Holi7
nest declined, from conscientious Molives, to. be
.a
party to that federation, so is be *eqiially withheld - •
from this leaguer The Holy Father, would nut , •
merely bind Innis& to a defence, .but to an' agres-.
sion . Then would be seen 'theMinister of the God
of Peace placing himself in a state of iierpetual, war- .*
fare; then would be seen their common father in
arms against his children, and the Head of the Church
exposing himself, by his ot,vna tqa deprivation of
• his spiritual connection with the:Catbolics of those
Powers agasinst whieh.. the .leagu...w 94d .make it im+
perative,On, him to aa hostilely. HOW Then can his
Holiness shake off his power and natural character,
and:sacrifice, as must be the consequence, the- in-
terest of religion ?
‘" His Holiness, unlike other Princes, is invested
with a two-fold character, *namely,. of Sovereign
Poritiff, and of temporal Sovereign, and *has given,
repeated.evidence that he ,cannot, by virtue of this .
seeorrd qualification, enter upon engagenients. which
would lead tp results militating against his first andmost •
important office,- and injuring the religinn of
which he is the Head,
..the Propagator, and the
Avenger. • .His Holiness, therefore, cannot enter into
any offensive and
.defenSve let sue, which would, by•
a permanent and progressive System, drag *him into
hostility against all those Powert upon; which his
Majesty may think proper to make war ; since ate, .
Italian States, now dependent-upon his M.ijesty, can
never avoid taking part in such wars. His Holi- •
,aesa would consequently be obliged to become a
party in them by virtue of this league. Such an *en-
gageMent must begin tope ?*d upon by the Pope,
from this moment, and against any Catholic Pr' inCe
thus waging war against hiM without a motive.-
Farther, it must .l waged against all those Powers,.
whether, Catholic or not, whoerriay; upon whatever. ,
grounds, be the enemies of any Italian Prince. .
. Thus is the Head of the Church, accustomed as
he is to•rule his estates inpeace;driven in a moment
to a state of warfare; offensive against hostile po;.vers,
and defensive of the Others. This eiagagement'is.
too repugnant to the, sacred duties of his Holinets,
and too injurious to the interests of religiOn, to be
entered into by the plead of that religion. His
.Holiness feels that it would be a derelialion of tro-Ath-
toenter into the leagnei he would announce by
such a resolution, his refusal of.any accommodation,
any peace with the Emperor,- and would es,.ende:-*
dare hostilities against him. fitta couldit ever be.
supposed, that his Holiness slit,: capable of de-;
daring war against any Powea He has 16nOeerf
eudiaring the most hostile treatment, and is there-
fore prepared to endure the threaignerd kiss of leis
temporal dominions. .
" Heaven is witness of the parity of his Moline,ssls
intentions, and the world will judge if it was jlissi,,.
ble _to 111117.. t conceived sO extraordireary a scheme.r..
Ardently desiring to compromiSe, and to be in p'eace.,.
with-his Majesty, he manifested in his nute*Cif
Btl-1 of January last, his compliance, as far as it Was
possible to comply ; ibis Majesty, however, does not •.
practise all those condescensions, Which he might
pradise towards tlae Holy See i..he,FersistS
bly in demanding what his Hnliness'neither Can' n r
will accede to, namely,, in binding him to a war;
and to a perpettial.and aggreSsive war, under the
pretence of securing the tranquillity, _of Italy.
What canitaly. have to.fear, if iiis-101iness should
not enter into' the. proposed league ?• ,
Surrounded as the Papal Dominions are by those
of his Majesty, no rational tear could be entertained
bat-of the ports; yet Ins Holiness having 6.t.-..!.re4
shut them during the present war against' the cue
lilies of France, and to guard the coast, he thus ,JO.!
posed to contribute as tar as„,was in bp power, with,
our betraying his sacred duties, to_ the security :and.

tranquillity of Italy. if; in spite of all this, his Ma-
iea v shall Jake possession, as he has threatened, of
the Papah.Porninions, respelled by all, even the
most powerful. Monarchy, during the space of ten
centuries and upwards, and shall overturn the Go-
vernment, his Holiness will be unable. to prevent
this spoliation, and can only, in bitter affliCtion of
heart, lament (he evil which. his Majesty will com-
mit hi. the sight of.. God; trusting in whose protec-
tion, his Holiness will remain in perfect tranquilli-
enjOying the consciousness of,not.having brought
on this disaster by imprudence or by obstinacy, but
to preserve the independence of. that Sovereignty
wilcit he ought to transmit uninjured to his succes-
sors, as he received it ; and to maintain in its inte-
grify that conduit which may secure 'the universal
concurrence of all Princes, so necessary to the wel-
fare of religion. Fir this fidelity to his'sacred duties,
,his- Holiness will, receive consolation from the. words
(-,r his Divine Master, ' Blessed • are they thho are
perser'uterlior righteousness' sake.'
With rcspvec to the article relating to the Ells--
;.,issal of the Cadinals, his Holiness, in the com-
plaints alledged, had no • need of examining the
principle of their allegiance. Presuming on that
treedom.which the rights of nations allow to every
man, to live under that sky which is most congenial
to him ; piesumina° on that new allegiance acquired
by the domicile of many years, his Holiness re-
marks, that primitive allegiance cannot avail against
the sacred obligations undertaken by the Cardinals
in the Church of God, the oaths they take on re-
ceiving the purple, and their .eminent office of
Councillors to the Sovereign Pontiff in his spiritual
concerns; and that, therefore, they cannot be torn.
from hi; bosom.
With regard to the cessation of the fun&ions
of the Legate, and to his departure, his Holiness
could hardly have expelled that they would have
beethattrihuted-to the motives assigned in M. CRAM-.
PA:GNY'S note. His Holiness will repeat them once
rhore. After having tried every method to recall his
Majesty to his previous sentiments towards the Papal
See, and to concert the desirjd reparation of so
many religious innovations; after
.having endured,
for such a length of time, with unsobdued patience,
and with unalterable meekness, so many outrages
and insults ; alter having seen how fruitless. were all
the rernotistrances urged against the hostile proceed-
ings of the French ; after having peaceably: borne •
the humiliation of imprisonment ; and seeing these
insults, these contempts, these-violations, increase
Nvith.every hoor, his _Holiness found it necessary
though with the deepest regret, to determine on the
recall of his Legate, in order to overthrow, at least in
the face of the world, the false anti scandalous opi-
nion that whatever might occur, even the' most fla-
grant wrongs, would receive his tacit consent.
In this very recall, the precise period of which
could not have been anticipatea by his Holiness, he
professed, along with those constant afie&icnate re-
h oirds twhich he entertained for his Majesty; that ,
could he but consent to the demand of the evacuation
of Rome; and be satisfied with those concessions
which ale compatible with the duties of his Holi-
ness, the' Legate might continue, in conformity
'with his instruetions, to exercise his functions. But
his Majesty proved inflexible, and instead of reced-
iing a single step, preferred the discontinuance of the
Legation, and the departure of the Pontifical Res •
presen t ativ e.
,ft.iS not, therefore, hi:, Holiness who, by this
hypothetical recall of his Legate, has declared war
against the .rriperor ; it is the Emperor who chuses
to declare war against his Holiness; and•not context
With declaring it against his temporal Sovereignty,
threatens .to raise in his spiritual, a' wall of divi-
.hztv..een the Catholics. of France and the So-
vereign Pontiff, in the assurance, according to M.
CHAMPAGNY'S note, that the Cardinal Legate having
given up his funaions, the Gallican Church resumes
its dohlrine in all its integrity. •
" His Holiness has. too good an opinion of the il-
histrious Clergy of France to doubt that the. Gallican
Church, however jealous of its prerogatives, is yet
) attached to the chair of St. Peter, that it will
maintain itself unshaken in its true principles, with-
.out asserting rights which it does not and cannot
possess; nor become schismatic, by separating itself
from the catholic Unity.
" ft is not then—the repetition is important—it
is not his Holiness who seeks the rupture. A pa-
cific Prince, notwithstanding he was obNged to wit-
ness the spoliation, in defiance of all right, of his
states of Benevento and Ponte' Corvo ; notwith-
standing his enormous expe.nce of maintaining
French troops ; notwithstanding the usurpation of
Iris capital, the usurpation of almost all his sovereign
rights ; • notwithstanding the violent dismissal of so
many spiritual persons, composing his Holy Senate;

and notwithstanding all the other ads by which his
dignity has been degraded, all that his Holiness did
Was to command his people, when the French army
entered Lorne, to skew it respea ; all that his Ho-
liness di'd was to receive it in the most hospitable
manner, and implore of his Majesty, in the mean
time, relief from so many aggravated evils; and all
that 'his Holiness n9w does in this extremity is, to
rilourn: bet ‘A eeu the vestibule and the altar, invoking
tlt.e pity of Heaven upou biz. people, and that -by a
recut to better co-nci,els, the most potent. Emperor
1\ ApoLgot4 will not suffer the inheritance of the Ro-
n-tan See, given by Providence to the Head of the
Catholic church in full enjoyment, td be lost and
# •
.fpoted out.'
Thus has 1,1,1 Holiness made war Thus has he
condndul himself to the present hour towards his

4ajeiiy, hywerFr distressing and unfoitunate has
4'eeii the result. Still his Holiness will cherish-the
tope that hip Majesty, rejetiing the Counsels of the
Enemies of the Holy See, who have had recourse

to every art to change his disposition, will revert to
their tormor friendly correspohdence, and be satis-
fied with the concessions made in the Note Of 2}3th
Janua`y. It, by the hidden purposes of the Most
Pigh, this should not ,t4e'place, and his Majesty,
regal Mess of his own glory., and deaf to the calls of
justice, shcutd pat his threats in execution, and
!Ate po;session of the States of the Church by right

of conquest, overturning the GovernMent in conse7
quence, his fioliness will be unable to remedy such
tatal occurrences; but be solemnly declares; that the
first will not be a conquest, as his Holinessli in

peace with all the world, but Will be an-usurpation
mire violent than history can furnish ; and, tlie'se-
Cond -sill not be the result of conquest, but Qf that
usurpation. He declares, at thc same, time, that it
-rill not be the work of poir ical genius and

nation, hilt an awful visitation of that God from
whom all Sovereignty is derived, and especially that
givea to the Head of the Church.
" Bowing, in that resent, with profound adura-;
Lion to the decrees of. Heaven, his Holiness will find
consolation in refleaing, that the Creator and 'Be-
deemer willed these things, and that all concurs to
accomplish. his purposes when his appointed time
arrives.

This_ is the answer which the Undersigned is
commanded by his Holiness to give to the Note of
M. CHAMPAGNY, and to communicate to your Ex-
cellency.,
Cardinal

MAILS.
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THE SUN.

SOLEM QUIS DICIRI, VALIUM AVDZAT?

L 0 ND 0 N,

THURSDAY; JULY 14, 1808.

:."..".

The Salcettc Frigate has had an aetion with ::..large
Russian Frigate, in the upper part of the Baltic,
when the latter struck her colours, after a short
but severe engagement : the particulars have not
yet been received.

According to some accounts from Holland, which
arrived in town, and which we
,understand reach to
the gth inst. the French troops stationed in Germany
have shewn a strong tendency towards an insurrec-
tion. These dispositions to revolt, it is said, have
been more particularly manifested by those French
troops which occupy ? station at Dusseldorff, and
which chiefly consist of the later Conscripts.

Wt have this day given the Official. Reply of the
POPE to the menaces of BUONAPARTE to deprive
him of all his Temporal Possessions. It is a most
eloquent and able State Paper: •

A very heavy firing W 23 hurd at Dove:. yesterday :
it was supposed that some of our Cruizers had got
too close to the French batteries.

WE this morning received some Gibraltar Chro-
nicles, from which we have exitaeled the fcilloWing
articles, relative to the check experienced by the
Patriots, in the,attack 'upon General DuroNT,-- near
COrdova

NOTICE TO THE PUBLI.C.

For the .satisfaCtion of the public, that all may.
know- the real extent of the kind of misfortune
which has befallen our troops. at Cordova, anti that
it entirely arises from this circumstance, that the
troops composed of inhabitants did not 'fight so
brave as :,hey ought to have done, since, had they
acquitted themselves properly, the French Army
would have been completely destroyed ; and that
the People may thereby be excited to Wipe' off
this trifling blot from their scutcheon, by their
ardour and steadiness in the field, the supreme
. ,
Board of Government orders the publication of the
two following Letters, one of which is from the
Officer commanding the Van, confiBently'expeeting
and enjoining every one, for the saft , v of tae
Coun-
try, to display, in such a&ions as may be fought for
the future, the discipline, vigour, and steadiness,,
which have ever been charaderistic of true Spa-
niards, and which are so necessary, under the exist-
ing critical circumstances, when they become an
imperious duty.

" MOST SERENE SIR,

ce The Rev. ANTHONY CEBnP.ROS, a Clergyman,
who had at Cordova the management of the tele-,
graph which had just been destroyed, presents him-.
self before the' Board, at three in the morning, and
relates,, that at two in the afternoon, the French be-
gan to batter and force the new gate of the said
town, and that the action commenced about four
in the morning. All the Otij.cers agree that
if. the armed inhabitants had kept their ground,
though ever so short a time, no. ,trace would have
been left of the 'reach. The troops of the line have
distinguished themselves, and more especially the
PrOvincial Grenadieis, and their Commander, Don.
JVAN MARIA DE MORCLES. The Staff, with a
considerable part of the army under ECHAVARRI,
remained, at three, in Mango Negro, with a great
quantity of ammunition and ordnance, one piece of
cannon excepted, which is said to be left behind in
consequence or the carriage having been broken--.
which 'account; signed by the said . Clergyman, is
thus laid before your Highness for,the correspond-
ing purpolses.
. ,

gay God, &c. •
(Signed) e.f ANTIIONY CErREROS, nnd
" JOSEPH MARIA. ROI4EitA, See."
" Carrn2na, Iv.nc 3, (attnit hail-past three o'clock
11191111 HO, IBA."

TO HIS MOST SERF-NE HIGHNESS THE.PRrSI-T
DENT ALIWSIII)IEME BOARD 01 SEVILLE.

" Y.OOT SZTIENE SIB,

" in conformity to the instructions which I re,
the moment I Via leaving Cord‘va,-

INljor ALVEAR brought me from ;cur Highnes.',
and colleBing all the Troops which I found dis-
persed in my way, I came hack to this town at half-
past eleven at night to wait for your further orders..
The action which had been doubtful for two hours
.Was decided in favour of the Enetny, by the precipi-
tate flight of the armed inhabitants, whom found
it impossible to keep in their ranks.
" Thc,pass of the bridge of Alcolen was glorious•
ly defended, both by our artillery and the brave LA-
soLA, who had under his orders iop Volunteers of
Carupo Mayor, and Provincial Grenadiers.

I can assure your Highness that the pass cost
the enemy upwards of 200 men killed and wounded,
and that they lost as many more in the rencontre
with our cavalry.' For our part, I will send posi-
tive inteiligencely your ifightess as soon as I re-
ceive the returns from. the respeCtive Commandants
of Corps. In the mean while, from those in my
hands, and' from what I have seen, I am convinced
that the nL,mber of both will not amount to thirty.

" May God," etc.
" Zcija, tune s, !got"
[Hem Mims several Signatures,2

SEVILLF, :JusE B.—The milikary ardour dig--
played in this Capital and the neighbouring Town is
incredible. The latter havoc.; to send money and
men, who, under their respective Officers and Co-
lours, fly to tender their services to this Supreme
Board.

Every day fresh troops are arriving from the
Camps of Roth and Cadiz, which are immediately
ordered to the several points of the Frontier, and to
reinforce the van. Not only are the old Corps com-
pleting with valiant men, but hue new Regiments
of Infantry have been formed, the Colonels of which
are D. JOAQUIN CLAREHOUT, Don JOSIF 3,12T1NA
Y. CARBANAS, D. J. MARIA MAESTRE, Knights of
the Royal Maestranza of this City; D. GONZALO
RAMOREZ DELOR, Intendant Commissary; and D.
PRI3RO PEDROSA, Marquis of Dashermanas.
They are also well provided with arms, quantities
of which, as well as ammunition and warlike in-
struments, are continually sending to every point.
Notwithstanding the great consumption of these
articles, there is a sufficiency in our Maestranza,
armories and stores to supply anothe' r army, Qurs
consisting at present of 6'0,000 men.
In the , very short time that, the Soldiers of the
new :levy have been exercising, they have made
such progress as to raise the surprise of the 'Vete-
rans, and to be scarcely credited by those who are
strangers to the wonderful effects of Patriotism, and
it is to be hoped our Forces increase every day,
so as to insure the fulfilment of the wishes of the
Country.

Report. was yesterday, in. circulation, founded
upon some pric-a:c Letters from the Continent,
that a very serious spirit cf dissatisfa6tion had began
to manifest itself at Paris, in consequence of the re-
cent conduct of BuogAPAtrrn towards the Spaniards.
We think it right to mention this Report, as it has
been repeated with some degree of confidence; hut
judging from the probability of the case, we are not
disposed to give it much credit.

S:n THOMAS DYER and Major. Rocnt, who were
lately sent from this Country to Spain, were receiv-
ed
,not only with every possible mark of attention
and respel, but with the most erthnsiaStic arie6tion.
They were lodged in the Palace of the. Prince of
. ,
Asturias, at Oviedo, and the great Square in the
front of the Palace was constantly crowded with
the inhabitants, exclaiming, " Long.live England—
Long live Spain—Long live GEORGE 111.--Long
live FERDINAND VII.--Perdition to France and Buo-