The Sun.
London, England, 1837-08-07 00:00:00

LONDON• MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 7, 1837.

• NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

(From the Hampshire Telegraph.)
PORTSMOUTH, AUG. Melville, 74, Captain P.
Douglas, arrived on Wednesday last, with the flag of Ad-
miral Sir Peter Halkett, Bart., G.C.11, after a short pas-
sage of only 13 days and a half from Halifax, the Gallant
Admiral having been relieved in
.the command of that
station by Vice-Admiral the lion, Sir C. Paget,
The Pique, 36, Hoh. Captain Roue, returned from an
experimental cruize on
Wednesday, having been, without
any mistake, well thrashed, in every point of sailing, and in
all weathers, by the Inconstant ; the Pique will be refitted
and turned over to the command of Captain E. Boxes.
The Castor is gone to Malta with a damaged main-mast,
the Inconstant is at P:yrnouth w:t'a a sprang t owsprit ; the
Hercules, 74, Acting Captain Sir J. J. G. Bremer, who
superintended the above trial, is at Plymouth refitting.
The Hercules, 74, acting Captain Sir J. J. G. Bremer,
Arrived this evening from a cruise ; she is to he refined,
and, it is understood, to be commanded by Captain John
Toup Nicholas, C. 8., vice Captain M. F. Berkeley, who
is appointed one of the Lord's of the Admiralty.
The Parrikelia transport sailed this afternoon for Cowes,
The Columbia steamer sailed yesterday for Greenock,
and other parts of Scotland, with discharged soldiers, lately
belonging to the British Legion in Spain.
The Malabar, for Bombay, the Windsor, Robert Small,
fiord Hungerfnrd and MQirat far I;engai # tiifi usalit with
c.onviets for an Pietnants Land, and the William Glen
Anderson, with German emigrants, for New York, sailed
from Spithead last evening ; and this morning the following
passengers went in the Windsor :—Mrs. W. Bird and
child, Mrs. Robert Bird, Mrs, L. Clarke and child, *lt e
H. S. and Mrs. Fisher, Mr. and Mrs. Moore, Miss Vane,
two Misses Leycestcrs, two Misses Whishes, Miss Graham,
Miss Lamb, Miss Bracken, Mr. Doveton, Messrs. Barnes
and Cocks, writers, Messrs. Alexander, Hicks, Clarke,
and Fanshawe. The Scsostris, Yates, for Madras and
Bengal, remains at Spithead,
At Spithead.—Melville, Hercules, Pique, Isabella (Spa-
nish steamer), and Sesostris, East lndiamen.
In Harbour.—Britannia, Victory, Edinburgh, Excellent,
Royal George, Alligator, Hyacinth, Seaflower cutter, and
Sinbad tender.

APPOINTMENTS —Captain Edward Boxer, to the Pique,
vice Hon. Captain Rous ; Lieutenant Tylden, to the
Champion ; Lieutenant St. Ledger Aldworth, to the Edin-
burgh ; Mr. Peter Halkett, Midshipman, to Hyacinth ;
Mr. R. Stewart, Second Master, to the Atholl ; Mr. John
Milner, Additional Clerk, to the Britannia ; Mr. Richard
Ratcliffe, Gunner, to the Alligator.

GARDENING OPERATIONS FOR

THE WEEK.

(From the Gardener's Gazette.)

The Greenfly- is particularly annoyint, at this season, es-
pecially in frames. Destroy them with tobacco smoke.

SOW TURNIPS at intervals till the end of the month.

Keep Borders and Beds very free fliorn weeds, and,
above all things, take care that in no portion of the pre-
mises weeds are allowed to perfect, and scatter their seeds.
Newly-budded TREES should have moss loosely tied
about the wound, during the very hot weather.
Fork between all the DAHLIAS in the plantations, but
not too close to the root. Take care that the fast growing
shoots are supported by ties to stakes, for no matter how
many stakes there are if the growth be not watched.
Plant out late 10-week Stocks for autumn bloom, also
all Annuals that will bloom till the frosts cut them off.
Turn out from American, and other blooming shrubs, all
waste growth, for it will sssist in perfecting bloom. Water
all small sized American plants, that they may have nou-
rishment to complete their growth, and set for bloom.
AURICULA, POLYANTHUS, and all seeds of which the
plants are two seasons before they bloom—shade them from
the sun, and continue well watering them. Never let them
be checked from a want of moisture.

JOURNAL OF A RIDE FROM LON-

DON TO PERTH.

(From the Gardeners' Gazette.)

JULY 10, MONDAY.—Set out at S A.M. Crops of corn
and pulse commenced about twenty miles from London,
and very wretched in appearance. At Biggleswade much
improved—several spots of barley lodged by recent
showers; further to the north, or about 100 miles from
London, still better appearance, but yet inferior—potatoes
very slender and thin in the stalk all along : all vegetables
slender in appearance. At the hundredth mile, crops sen-
sibly later than near London—the ear of the barley just
peeping out. In Yorkshire rather earlier again. On ar-
riving at liggleswade, the country more uniformly flat, and
fewer trees. Small seeds, such us onions, much cultivated
about this place, which, at this season, gives the surface a
remarkably lively appearance.

Passed the 11th at York, in the cathedral of which di-
vine service was performed daily, since the death of the
King.

JULY 12.—Left York at 8 A.m. Crops gradually be-
coming worse in appearance as we proceeded, and on leav-
ing Northallerton beggar description—the oats in particular
being of a stunted, and of a sickly yellow colour, and not
above three or four inches long in the majority of cases—
barley but in ear—wheat the same—hay crops indifferent—
proem of haymaking later as compared with the neigh-
bourhood of London—never saw such an unpromising crop
of corn, peas, &c. The same appearance continued to the
borders of the vale of Tweed. Arrived at Newcastle Gi
F.M. Very small portion of peas and beans in this day's
ride. Rains commenced in the north this day.

JULY 13.—Set out from Newcastle by 8 A.M. Crops
continued of the same miserable appearance to near Mor-
peth, about which there were some fields of tolerable pro-
mise, and shooting the ear : rest of the way equally back-
ward, as before stated, but improving in colour. At twelve
miles N.W. of Morpeth, began to climb the Cheviot hills,
and was soon among them. For more than twenty miles
these tracts resemble the distant Scottish hills, but more
generally green or grassy, and the hills more ounded. De-
scending the vale of Tweed, the crops greatly improved,
and ma, be described us rich—the agriculture of the very
best—not a weed to be seen ; whereas in England, very fre-
quently, the weeds were almost the only objects visible in
the fields. The crops in the vale of Tweed all in ear, and
peas and beans rich in blossom : potatoes and turnips
much superior ; multitudes employed in their cultivation.
The general condition of the crops, however, may be termed
late. In ascending the higher grounds of Lammermuir, the
colour of the crops good ; but of course the vegetation later
than below. [N.B. The people of Newcastle seemed quite
satisfied with the condition of their crops—alleging, " that
a month before they did no expect to hazy any crops in the
present year !•'j The turnip husbandry on the Lammermuir
hills superior to any observed elsewhere. The passage over
these hills is no ordinary treat : the view from the summit,
both forwards and backwards, being scarcely equalled for
extent and beauty in the British Islands. Arrived at Edin-
burgh, at 10 P.M.
JULY 14.—At Edinburgh, nothing new or strange—
heavy rain, thunder, and lightning during the greater part of
the day.
JULY 15.—Left for Perth at 8 A.M., crops luxuriant,
and about Perth wonderfully so. On the Muirtown farm,
north of the town, the wheat near six feet long, and yet
not fully shot out : it is proportionably strong ; but much
of it lodged by the heavy rains of yesterday and this day.
Peas and beans breast high and strong ; oats extraordi-
narily heavy, and barley excellent. In short, in th! hun-
dred miles travelled last through Scotland, the promise of
a rich crop is surpassing, and of all kinds.
N.B.—From London to Newcastle, the hedges fringing
the roads consisted of wild roses, hawthorns, and honey•
suckles, all in bloom. To the north of Newcastle, how-
ever, the hedges are composed of thorns, thistles, nettles,
and occasionally hemlock. Scotland should begin at New-
castle, where the English character begins to disappear in
every respect ; at Morpeth the change is most striking, the
hilly aspect becoming more and more prevalent.

MODERN AUTIIOItS.-The advancement of the
people and the lowering of the aristocracy have both been
effected through the medium of the press. The position of
authors has been much altered ; formerly we behold such men
as Dryden, Otway, and many others (giants in their days),
humbling themselves for bread. Now we have seldom a dedi-
cation, and of those few we have, the flattery is delicate.
The authors look to the public as their patrons, and the aris-
tocracy are considered but as a part and portion of it. These
remarks equally hold good with respect to the Government.
Authors are not to be so easily purchased as formerly ; they
prefer writing in conformity with public opinion to writing for
Government, because they are better remunerated. if
it will be recalled to mind that in the rapid march of the
people, in their assertion of their right to a greater share in
the government of the country, in the pointing out and cor-
recting of abuses, and in the breaking down of all the de-
gradually yielded in
fence* which have SA many years, it is
the the press who have led the van, and that in
h
inrords the ariGtooracy have been the party
t e u a
continualthos rattacked—itallis no wonder that there has arisen, unwittingly
perhaps on their parts, a feeling against the press and against
author, in general.—New Monthly Afagazina for August.

SPAIN.

MADRID, JULY 27.
The declaration of the Spanish Government and the mea-
sures of retaliation taken by them against the unjustifiable
conduct of the King of Sardinia, has been the subject of
much interest here. It is but right that Europe should be
made acquainted with the bigoted and unprecedented pro-
ceedings of the potty and powerless cabinet of Turin against
the people of Spain, and with the polluted source of all
this hostility to the attainment of their liberties. It is pro-
bable you are already acquainted with many of theibe piarretinocut;-
lire of this affair through an article, apparently authorised.
which has appeared on this subject in one
journals. I have reason to believe that all the facts stated
in that article are strictly correct ; but all the facts of the
case arc not given. Strongly as that article brings into
relief the efforts of Sardinia to embarrass the constitutional
struggles of Spain to regain her freedom, it does not expose
to light, as should be done, the full injustice of the case, or
the stupid malignity of the adviser of these injuries. Nothing,
in fact, was left undone by the Liberal cabinet of Madrid to
fellisien which they have been at length
l°easme with Sardinia. While their consuls in
avoidthcPetltheild countryotpeo.l were refused an exequatrtr, or recognition
of their official authority, they permitted the Sardinian
consuls to exercise their functieria in Spain for months with-
out 111114reneei of llefV4Sll-4W to confirm the validity of the offi-
-011 duties performed by them. They even changed their
consuls at Genoa, appealed to the friendly adjudication of a
third power, but all to no purpose. In return they only
received promises of giving official recognition to the Spa-
nish consuls if Lhasa Of Sardinia were permitted to continue
the discharge of their duties in Spain. This was done for a
length of time by the Spanish Government, and 41 a last
resource, to bring the matter to an amicable termination,
the Spanish premier, Calatrava, drew up and had presented a
statement in which 1 understand the case was explained
in a most able and triumphant form. This, like every
other remonstrance, failed, and only produced the retire-
ment of the Spanish consuls and ministers from the Sar-
dinian states, and the closing of the ports against Spanish
vessels. The real author of this hostility Is not the
King of Sardinia ; but his Minister for Foreign Affairs,
Saler de Margarita. This stupid and bigoted old man,
it appears, has - risen from low life to be a Cabinet Mi-
nister, without even the qualities which usually render the
vices of royal favourites necessary or formidable. What-
ever mischievous qualities the meanness of his education
and corruption of the Court of Turin failed to endow
him with, were amply supplied by an apprenticeship as
Minister for Sardinia in the Court of Madrid and La
Granja during the last years of the late Ferdinand's life.
In this school of despotic policy he took an active part in
all the intrigues and conspiracies for which it became cele-
brated immediately before the death of Ferdinand. A
bigoted religionist, and the chosen friend of Don Carlos,
he imagined that the population of Spain were deeply in
love with despotism and the inquisition, and that he himself
was ordained by Providence to gratify their wishes by plac-
ing his patron on the throne. Disappointed in his schemes,
and compelled to retire from Madrid on the accession of
the Liberal party to power, he brought back with him to his
own country a mortal hatred to all liberal institutions ;
and, as first Minister to Sardinia, has devoted himself to
their persecution in every manner in his power. In this
capacity lie has .been the acting agent of the European
Courts for the transmission of their alms to the miscreant
pauper wandering through Spain under the name of the
Pretender. To Spain, however, he cannot do the slightest
injury by his recent attacks on its shipping and commerce.
The injury intended for that country will fall exclusively on
his own, as Spain is quite independent of any advantages
to be derived from commercial intercourse with Sardinia.
JULY 29.—The intelligence received within the last few
days has been more voluminous than important. From all
the principal points of military interest, generals, governors,
and alcaldes have deluged us with official communications
which contain little more than new moves on the chess-
board of war, but without either battles or victories. From
the provinces south of Madrid there is no intelligence of
any importance. A new loan, in which M. Aguado is a
principal, is again spoken of here. This report, together
with the general conviction that the cause of the Pretender
is gone, has had a slight effect on the funds to-day, the Five
per Cents. modern quoting from 23 to 24.
The Cortes are at present chiefly occupied in the discus-
sion of a project of law for the reform of the Church Estab-
lishment of Spain. The debates have been sufficiently
numerous and animated, but present nothing of foreign in-
terest. Some of the zealous and no doubt pious Members
of the Opposition are of opinion that if this corrupt and
overgrown establishment be at all touched it will bring
ruin on the heads of its sacraligeous assailants. The
individuals who make use of this argument commit the
great and unaccountable error of forgetting that no fur-
ther provocation can add to the hatred and enmity which
the Spanish Clergy entertain for the Cortes, and every
other liberal institution. A decree abolishing the whole
order could scarcely give one crozier or seapulor more to
the Pretender, or enlist the feelings of the church party
more ardently in his cause. The attempt at reform will
at least be made, whatever the consequences may be, all
the articles of the project yet discussed having been adopted.
You will have seen that reports have been circulated in
the French journals of an attempt having been made on
the life of the Queen. There is no truth whatever in the
statement. After the most diligent inquiry it has been as•
certained that the piece of metal which fell into the Queen's
carriage was thrown out of a window by accident.