The Sun.
London, England, 1863-06-22 00:00:00

Polish Thanks to Lord Ellenborough,

At a public meeting of Poles, held on the 15th of June,
at No. 7, Great Newport-street, Soho, the recent important
debate in the House of Lords on the subject of Poland was
taken into consideration ; and it was unanimously resolved
(on the motion of General Zamoyski), that th• following
statement of their sentiments should be addressed in par-
ticular to the Right Hon. the Earl of Ellenborough. At
the same meeting General Zamoyski took the opportunity
of informing his countrymen that he is to be henceforth in
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
agent of the Polish Government, under Prince Czartoryski,
who has been appointed to act as Director of the Foreign
Affairs of Poland :

London, June 15, 1863.
To the Right Hon. the Earl of Ellenboruugh.
The Poles Resident in London.

My Lord,—We, the undersigned Polish refugees in Lon-
don, who have not been able yet to join our countrymen
now in arms and struggling, as we have formerly done, for
the thliverance of our country, ieel it our duty to express to
your lordship our respect and gratitude ler the manner in
which you again, on the 8:h of this month, called the atten-
tion of the House of Lords and of her Majesty's Govern-
ment to the present state of the negotiations undertaken by
Great Britain, Fiance, and Austria, with the view of re-
storing the peace and security of Europe, by giving due
satisiaction to justice and the law of nations. We rejoice
to see that, in concurrence with your lordship, nearly all
the illustrious members of the House of Lords who spoke
on that occasion, and the Secretary of State for Foreign
Affairs himself, agreed on one point—viz., that it was not
likely that mere negotiations would lead to a satisfactory
end. And we particularly wish to thank your lordship for
having so forcibly shown that the "strength" of diplomacy,
" as applied to the interest of Poland," was no other than
the strength of the insurrection.

We shall, therefore, confidentially transmit to our coun-
trymen, before we join them in the field, the words of your
lordship—" Persevere 1 Strike down your enemies wherever
you can reach them! You have embarked in a career of
honour and of patriotism, sanctioned by reason and by jus-
tice. You will have the respect of all men, Providence
will bless your efforts !" We no less thank your lordship
for proposing that Russia should " herself dissever the con-
nexion which was established atVienna between theßussian
Empire and Poland ;" and would certainly not refuse to
accept any foreign Prince to be the founder of a new
aynasty of Poland, provided it was " Poland within its
limits of 1772." But we should be failing in our duty to
our country, and trust your lordship will acknowledge that
we should be failing in respect and gratitude to yourself if,
in the very words applied by your lordship to the proposed
armistice, we hesitated to declare " utter impracticable any
arrangement tending to combine the independence of Poland
with preserving to Russia the power of entering Europe by
the Vistula."

Provided Poland is independent, she may, no less than
your lordship, be "a friend to Russia," and we conscien-
tiously believe that, for the great Russian nation, nothing
will more tend to the internal improvement she so much
needs than to have liberated herself from the crime perpe-
trated by her Sovereigns on Poland. But, among the
many traditions of her past glory, the Polish nation, above
all, regard with pride the position she occupied during her
independent existence as the protector of Europe from all
attempts at invasion from the East and North. We, there-
fore, hope that your lordship will cease to entertain any
wish to the contrary. The power of maintaining " a con-
servative policy and of preserving the balance of power in
Europe," can, we think, never come from the intervention
of Russia, whose Government has throughout its existence
permanently, though secretly, fomented internal convulsion
in every country of Europe, and aimed, With more or less
success, at the dismemberment of neighbouring empires.
The balance of power in Europe, my lord, can, we most
earnestly believe, have no safer foundation than the inde-
pendence of Poland within her ancient limits, and it is time
Europe should perceive that, as Germany has ceased to be
independent since her neighbour, Poland, has been dismem-
bered, so can Germany never be restored to independence
unless Poland resumes her place among nations. This has
ever been felt by one, at least, of the two great German
States, which consequently may safely be expected to join
in the undertaking, provided the Great Powers of Europe
show that they are in earnest, by at once coming to the
conclusion—suggested by the Earl of Harrowby is a previ-
ous debate—that, having themselves conferred upon Russia,
in 1815, her right of sovereignty over Poland upon condi-
tions, all of which have been unceasingly violated during
the space of nearly 50 years, they now feel it their duty to
declare that right forfeited and extinct.

Billingsgate Fishmarket and Trawling.

(COMMUNICATED BY MR. H. DEMPSTER.)

Two important questions is at present agitating the minds
of many persons in the North. One is, the advantages that
will arise to improve the conditions of fishing communities,
and fishery extension upon sound principles, by adopting
the wholesale fish marketing system at all considerable sea-
port towns, with rules and regulations similar to those ob-
served at Billingsgate wholesale market; the other is, the
question brought before the House of Commons latterly, to
put down trawl net fishing. With respect to the first of
these two questions, and which is unquestionably of the
greatest importance, the wholesale marketing system is
the grand desideyatuni, to work out the reform so
much required. Labour being properly divided,
namely,--producers, wholesalesmen, and retail dealers,
with a regulation that all fish captured, shellfish as
well as white fish, must be sent in the first place to
a wholesale market to be rouped off there in lots by a
licensed wholesalesman to retail dealers ; the whole question
of fishing extension and fish market improvement will then
very soon correct itself. When the wholesale fish market-
ing system is fully established by authority, there are plenty
of capitalists will build decked welled fishing cratt, hire
crews for them, and send them to sea fox' cargoes of living
fish. The owner of a fishing craft, then, stands exactly
in the position of any other ship owner. He has
nothing to do with the disposing of fish cargoes brought
to port; that is the duty of the salesman or broker, The
salesman roups off the fish to the best advantage
for the vessel's owner's interest, and sees the fish are in
sound healthy condition, before disposing of them for
public consumption. Where there is no wholesale fish-
marketing system, fishermen regulate the time of catching
fish, and the method of selling their produce, to suit their own
convenience, style of living, and notions of liberty, freedon3t
and independence. It is the open-boat-along-shore fisher-
men that are farthest behind in all their customs and modes
of operation ; and it is all in consequence of the clumsy,
slovenly, irregular, and filthy manner the fisheries are car-
ried on by open boats that few respectable capitalists care
about embarking in the trade. With a general whole-
sale fishmarketing system at all large sea-port towns,
the advantages arising would very soon be appreciated,
and like all speculations that does create emulation, we
would very soon see plenty of desired welled fishing craft
cruising about in the middle of the German Ocean, the
proper battle ground for capturing fish, when they are in a
strong, healthy, firm condition ; and the alongshore open
boat fisheries, the heroes who attack fish whilst on their
spawning beds, and destroys more spawn in one night than
all tha deep sea fishers do in a twelvemonth ; that open
boat system of fishing will diminish as it should do, and
very seen become a thing of the past. Every fish captured
inshore full of spawn, millions are killed at the same
moment of time ; and all fish •aptured immediately after
they have spawned are then in a condition unfit for human
food. As regards the question of trawl net fishing
there are various conflicting opinions on that subject. Some
fishermen affirm that in deep pits and hollows in the bottom
of the ocean where the bottom is mud, soles and other
description of ground fish do not spawn at such places ;
hey invariably resort to banks and hard bottom inshore to
perform that function. Others affirm that fish spawn any-
where all over the sea, Some fishermen say that sole fish
are only to be captured by being trawled for with nets, as
they will not rise from the bottom to bite at a baited hook.
Opposite parties say that is all a pack of nonsense, sole fish
are to be captured by line and hook, adopting a particular
description of bait, just as well as any other description of
fish are taken by similar snares and traps. The most
of fishermen say that all fish proceed to deep water when
cold and stormy weather is approaching. The captain of a
decked welled fishing smack, wnen. cruising about in the
German Ocean with a living cargo of fish on board,
looked into the vessel's well for indications of approaching
bad weather, just as others would watch the rise and fall of
mercury in a weather-glass. When the captain saw the
fish all seLking down to the bottom of the vessel's well, that
was a sufficient indication to him there was to be a change
of weather for the worse. It is only by practical experience
and deep investigation that ever any correct knowledge will
be obtained of the habits and seasons of salt water, deep-
sea fishes.

AMERICAN STEAMERS DUE AT LIVERPOOL THIS
WEEK.—There are three steamers due at Liverpool
this week with the mails from America. The Edinburgh,
which would leave New York on the 13th inst., and the
Jura, on the same day from Quebec, may be looked for; the
former vessel at Queenstown on -Wednesday, and the latter
at Londonderry to-morrow evening, The next Cunard
steamer due is the Persia, which will no doubt reach Queens-
town on the evening of Friday next. She will bring ad'
vices from New York to the 17th instant.
POISONING BY A DAUGHTER.—Iu March last a
t
widow, named Mary Bailey, aged 51, died at Stock-
port, and, being a member of the General Wesleyan Life
Assurance Society, her daughter also a widow, named Alice
Holt, obtained the sum of £46 from the secretary as burial
money.
hadr been It turned
unedbeout however, that the certificate of
membership
'obtained by Holt having Passed
another woman before the doctor in the name of her mother,
who was sick at the time, and confined to bed. Holt is nosy
awaiting her trial for this fraud. Since her committal dark
rumours have prevailed in the neighbourhood respecting.
Mrs.-Bailey's death, and the body of the deceased was ex'
burned on Thursday week, and subjected to a post-mortem
ex ;urination. An inquest was held on Saturday, when Pr;
Rayner said that arsenic had been found in every form, al'
in quantities larger than could be accounted for naturally:
The body wos literally saturated with that poison. Ayer
diet of wilful murder was returned. -

NONE Y MARKET

AND
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK.

The general money market still presents a very
settled appearance, and the quotations are expected
to continue firm until the middle of next month,
When the dividends in Consols and other stocks
augment the available balance.

The Dover Castle has arrived with £108,268,
the Sunflower with £53,176 from Melbourne, and
the Sidon with £l,OOO from New York.
The accounts from the manufacturing districts for
the past week have generally been more satisfac-
tory. At Manchester, however, there has only been
a limited business transacted in cloths and yarns.
The woollen trade of Leeds, Bradford, and Hud-
dersfield has been more active, while symptoms
Of improvement have been apparent in the hosiery
and lace departments at Leicester and Notting-
ham. Business in the hardware districts—viz., at
Birmingham, Sheffield, and Wolverhampton, has
remained without any material alteration as regards
prices.

The directors of the International Financial So-
ciety have made a call of £2 106., payable on the
13th
pros.

The total number of shares applied for in the
Egyptian
Commercial and Trading Company is
270,000, while there are only 25,000 to allot.
The Indian Tramway Company have held a
Meeting to-day for the purpose of recommending
the payment of interest for the past half-year, and
to obtain the sanction of the shareholders to com-
mence operations at once, by constructing the short
line, of about 17 miles, connecting theimportant town
Of Conjeveram, in the Madras Presidency, with
the Arconum junction of the Madras Railway.
The shareholders at their last meeting approved the
Policy of making a short line, and the directors now
"IY require leave to apply it to the Arcanum in
Preference to the Palej line, on which it was at
t rat contemplated to commence, both lines having
been selected as eligible, but from more recent
information, the advantages appearing to be in
favour of the former. The Madras Government
have already conceded the terms which the Board
consider sufficient for this experimental line, which
Can be completed within from twelve to eighteen
Months, and will in no way interfere with the ar-
rangements in progress for the more extended
operations of the company, respecting which the
Board are in correspondence with the Government,
upon the basis of Sir J. Login's negotiations in
India.

Two O'CLOCK.

At Paris this morning, according to Mr. Renter's
telegram, the French 3 per Cent. Rentea were
inanimate at 68f.42c.

Rather more business has been transacted to-day
in the English Funds, but some sales of stock having
been pressed owing to the aspect of the Polish ques-
tion, and the additional complications to which it
may give rise, a decline of per cent. took place
Consols being 91992 for transfer, and 928 for the
amount. The New Three per Cents. have been
94 ; Reduced Annuities, 91,1 ; and Bank Stock,
232 2331. India 5 per Cents. 1081, and the March
Exchequer Bills 3s. and 2s. die. _

A decided decline has taken place in nearly all
the speculative Foreign Stocks recently so buoyant,
and the transactions reported record a superabun-
dance of sales. Turkish 6 per Cents., 1862, are
714 4 ; ditto Consolides, 505 ; Mexican, 37-1 ;
Greek, 365 e ; ditto Coupons, 172 ; Spanish Pas-
-34-1 ; ditto Certificates, 1211; Portuguese,
491 ; Italian, 72k a ; the Confederate Loan, 14 to
1 die. ; and the New Venezuelan Loan, 11 to 1 die.
In the Railway Share Market the dealings have
been been rather limited, and prices have shown
less firmness. Great Western, North Western, and
South Western have each declined about ss.

The Foreign and Colonial undertakings have re-
rained inactive at about previous rates.
Joint Stock Bank and Miscellaneous Shares
are dealt in to a fair extent without any material
variation in prices. Landon and County realised
45; Chartered of India, Australia, and China, 29;
Crystal Palace Stock, 366 International Finan-
cial Shares are quoted 51 5,T, prem. ; London
Financial, 2 to 24 prem. ; General I,3redit, 1 18
prem.; and Egyptian Trading Company, lf to
la prem.

BRITISH FUNDS—ONE O'CLOCK.
Bank Stock 233/ 2
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities
3 per Cent. Consols Annuities
New 3 per Cent. Annuities
Annuities, 30 yrs, expire sth Jan., 1880 —
Ditto for 30 yrs, expire sth April, 1885 l5 141
India Stock
Ditto 5 per Cent lOB/ 8
Ditto Debentures, 4 per Ct., Oct., 1863
Ditto ditto April, 1864 100/
Ditto Bonds £l,OOO —
Ditto under £l,OOO .............
Consols for Account, July 9
March
Exchequer Bills, £l.OOO 2/ per Cent... 2 3 dis
Ditto £5OO
Ditto Small
FOREIGN FUNDS—ONE O'CLOCK.
Eraxilii to an 4
5 per Cent
D 1 per Cent., 1852-58-60
Buenos Ayres 6 per Cent —
Ditto Account
S'Yptian 7 per Cent lOOl I 1
Greek 5 per Cent., 1824-5, ex-Conpuns —
Ditto Account 37/ 1 6a
Italian
Coupons lB 17/ it
'ltalian 5 per Cent. (garemmana Railway)
Mexican 3 per Cent
New
Account 371 i i 7
~., Granada l5/
Peruvian 41 per Cent. ' —
Ditto 41 per Cent, 1862 —
Ditto Ac fount
Portuguese 3 per Cent., 1853
Ditto 3 per Cent., 1856, '7, '9, '6O, 62 —
...Ditto Account 491 a
xtussian 5 per Cent., 1822, £ St —
Ditto 5 per Cent., 1862
Spanish 3 per Cent
Ditto Passive
Ditto Account
Spanish Cert. of Coup not funded
Ditto Account..
Turkish 6 per Cet. 1854 —
Ditto Account 92/
Ditto 6 per Cent. 1858
Ditto Account 7l 70i I
Ditto 6 per Cent. 1862
Ditto Account
Ditto 6 per Cent. 1863, £l9 16s 8d pd. Ipm
Ditto Guaranteed, 4 per Cent
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Italian, 6 per Cent., 1861, Ex. 25 francs —
Ditto Account 721
Ditto Scrip, 1863, £l44s. paid 2/ pm
THREE O'CLOCK.
Console, Money
Ditto Account

June

7 6t
16/