The Sun.
London, England, 1839-10-10 00:00:00

AFFAIRS OF THE EAST.

Extract of a letter from Alexandria, 16th ult. :
e following occurrence will give an idea of the
distinction with which the Viceroy treats the Capitan
Pacha. Sitine the opening of the Nile, Mehemet Ali
goes frequently to take his coffee at a coffee-house on
the left bank of the canal, and to enjoy the prospect
of the rising raters rushing through the sluices. He
generally goes on horseback, and returns to his
pal ice is a carriage. His suite follow him mounted,
and all the apparatus for his taking his coffee is
carried on a camel. As soon as he arrives, a rich
crimson velvet carpet with cushions to support him
are disposed on a wooden platform on which he seats him-
self. lie has his pipe presented to him and smokes,
while his attendants keep the flies from him with fans.
A lex days ago the Capitan Paeha, having been to
visit his fleet, landed near the coffee-house, and ap-
peared before the Viceroy in the Egyptian uniform.
Mehemet Ali, having no seat to offer to the Capitan
Paella, rose at his entrance, and remained standing
ilurintr the whole visit, which lasted upwards of an hour.
The Viceroy, besides his ordinary dress, wore a wide
cloak with sleeves, and a hood over his head, similar
to that of our monks, to protect him from the northern
b•r•eze, which blows here every afternoon about three
o'clock. He has the air of a man not more than fifty
y ars old, with all the vivacity of a Frenchman, and the
eye of a hawk."—Galignani.
A Malta paper, II Meditcrraneo, of the 26th ult.,
itifoi ins us that the English squadron at Besika Bay
had been joined by the war-steamer Gorgon, the Hazard
ervi.tte, and Lord Exmouth's yacht, the Flower of
Yarrow. The greatest harmony existed between the
English and French officers and crews. The contractor
for the squadron bad received orders for the supply of
fresh meat up to the 15th of October, which did not in-
dicate an early breaking up of the anchorage. The
hydra had left for Constantinople.
The following, from Bengazi, appears under the head
of " Tripoli" in the Porlafoglio Maltese :--'6 Affairs are
in a sad state here ; it may be said that we are in a state
of revolution. The bad faith of the Arabs towards the
eGovernment is such that the latter has been corn-
piuled to act with a severity which has fallen entirely
upon the inhabitants of the town. A rich caravan ar-
rived recently at Angela (eight days' distance) with
iixry cameli, laden with elephant's teeth and other
objects of value. It sent a courier to our Pacha
to desire that he would guaraptee the safety of the
road. The Pacha has offered troops to serve as
all escort, but he cannot carry this offer into exe-
cution if the western tribes do not make their submis-
sion. In this state of things affairs are at a stand. We
have not even meat for our daily use." " Other letters
from Tripoli," says the same paper, " confirm the ac-
codas of the disturbed state of the country. All com
inercial operations were impracticable. The At abs
positively refused to pay tribute, and did not allow
provisions to enter the town. They stole cattle with
impunity from under the walls of Tripoli. A courier
1,2 d arrived with a circular to the Bey from the Viceroy
of Z.gypt, to whom all the troubles of the Regency were
Lttribu'ted. The Bey had not. received this courier at
the date of the last accounts."

REPRESENTATION OF MARYLEBONE._OII
Wednesday the members of the. St. Pancras Committee
and the Marylebome Reform Association met at Lawson's
Rooms, Gower-streot North, for the purpose of naming
several candidates, out of whom one should be selected
by ballot, who, being suptiorted by the united strength
or both, might supersede Lol-11 Teignmouth at the next
election. The meeting was nurNrously attended. Mr.
Vigors. M.P., was moved to the Chh.;r. The candidates
proposed last night were Mr. Howard Enhinstone, late
M.P. for Hastings, and Mr. Young, well i;:lown as a
vestr, men, and active Reformer of the borough. Some
altercation arose on the proposition whether Sir Bsn-
jatnin Hall, the sitting Liberal Member for the borough,
should be nominated as a candidate. After a little
confusion the name was withdrawn for the present. The
c indidates having been called upon to speak for them-
selves—Mr. Howard Elph:nstone delivered a vigorous
speech. Mr. Young was not less earnest than Mr.
E pilinstone. A volley of questions was put to the can-
&dates, who answered them to the satisfaction of every
o,x except Mr. Taylor, who said that neither had gone
f.r enough in the extension of the suffrage question to
satisfy him. lie would have nothint, less than an out-
and-out liadleal. It was agreed that' Messrs. Elphin-
ston..3 and Yolng, should be candidates, but the Mary-
lei coo men will hold their arms open for other soli-
citors.

RRESTS 07 CHARTISTS AT BURY.—On
Thursday last Mr. Andrews, deputy-constable of Bury,
received bench warrants for the apprehension of several
of tha late Chartist leaders of that town ; and, amongst
crhers, of Thomas Bird, a cotton-spinner (and one of
t e most industrious, if not talented, agitators of the
district), and of Richard Walker, a schoolmaster, re-
biding at Radcliffe Bridge. Bird is, it would seem, an
agent for the sale of O'Connor's paper, the Northern
Star. Mr. Matthew Fletcher, surgeon, and Mr. James
goworth, butcher, became bail for him in 501. each,
himself beit:g bound in 1001. An intimation having been
conveyed to Mr. Walker that a similar warrant had been
issued against him he surrendered, and put in bail to
the same amount as Bird.—Manchester Guardian.
ARREST OF SEVERAL CIIARTJSTS.—A man
named William Peattield, who is a weaver at Pilkington
and against whom a bill for attending seditious meetings
was found at the late Liverpool Assizes, was brought
up
at the Borough Court yesterday, having been ap-
prehended the preceding day by Mr. Hughes, the con-
stable of Pitkington, under a bench warrant. The _
Ma-
gistrates on the bench at the time were the Mayor and
Daniel Maude,Mayor said that the amount
of bail they Esq. The
shouldrequire to ensure
m the prisoner's ap-
pearance at the assizes was, hilool., and two sure-
ties in 501. each. The prisoner said he was a poor man,
and 101. bail would be sufficient ttey
o bring him into any
h
Court. The Mayor then said would take two
sureties in 301. each, and the prison
been was then
on
prisoner himself in 601.
As no bail was forthcoming, the
prisoner
cttvheyed to
re-
moved, and has since, we believe,
Kirkdale house of correction, for trial at
e
spring assizes. William Simpson, a Rochdale next
dele-
gate, has been apprehended for a similar offence ; and
we are told that he was required to enter into his own
recognizances in 1001., and two sureties in 501., for his
appearances at the next assizes at Liverpool to take his
trial. Another Chartist, named Joshua Stowell, was ap-
prehended at Haslington, on Thursday evening, by the
constable of that place, on a bench warrant ; and in
default of sureties he was yesterday conveyed to
Kirkdale, there to await his trial at the next assizes.—
Manchester Guardian.
ACCIDENT ON THE RIVER.—A bout half-past
eight o'clock on Wednesday morning, James Purdy, a
bargeman, employed at Messrs. Poole's wharf; White-
friars, coal-merchants, was assisting in loading a barge
with straw, when a truss that was being lowered from
the second floor wareroom slipped from the suspending
tackle, and falling on the unfortunate man as he was in
a stooping position, forced him against an upright
pointed stone, which entered his bowels to the extent of
three inches. He was removed in a dreadful state of
suffering to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, and is not ex-
pected to survive.

LONDON :
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 10, MO.

The returns of the Revenue made up this even-
ing, will show, we believe, notwithstanding the
pressure in the Money Market, and the slackness
of trade, a slight increase on the whole, as compared
to the corresponding quarter of last year.

(We have adverted elsewhere to the meetings of
the agriculturists, now holding more frequently than
we ever before recollect, for the improvement of agri-
culture. Generally political topics are carefully
avoided, which cannot be too much praised ; never-
theless they have and will have a political tendency.
It is that in the present article to which we shall
briefly direct attention.
One distinguishing peculiarity of our community
is the great increase of the town population. The
political effects of that in its progress were not ob-
served. Silently, and we may say stealthily,
it has sufficed to change the political relations
of the different classes, and to render changes in the
Constitution unavoidable. Politicians, too, gene-
rally overlook the physical changes which are in
progress, such as the multiplication of machinery,
amd the social changes consequent on them. Too ge-
nerally they confine their attention to the dead letter
of the Constitution, till the material and social
changes, have become so vast as completely to be a
law for themselves, leaving the wisest statesman no
alternative but to follow them with:wonder and terror,
knowing neither whither they will lead nor where
they will end. Under this aspect let us consider
the probable political effects of these agricultural
meetings.

The great end and object of them all is to in-
crease the produce of agriculture. They are to
enable the farmers to grow more corn and feed more
cattle. They will therefore tend to increase the po-
pulation, or they will contribute to hasten that pro-
gress of which the Tory landlords complain. The
increased quantity of food produced will no more be
consumed in the country than the cottons of Man-
chester are consumed in that town. It will be
created in order to exchange for other things, and
will go, like nearly every addition to the food of so-
ciety in modern times, to increase the town popula-
tion. Agricultural improvements raise more food
by less labour, increase the town and decrease the
rural population. Thus the exertions of the agri-
culturists and the landowners, will tend to defeat
their own wishes, or at least the wishes of those
who would again make England more of an agri-
cultural than a manufacturing nation. To realise
their object, they must reverse their present pro-
ceedings, and return to the ancient methods of cul-
tivation, which required more manual labour, and
yielded much less crops. Pine or sigh as they may,
the landlords are destined by the instinctive pur-
suit of their own interests to hasten forward that
progress which their scribes and retainers so bitterly
impugn.
_ _ _

We are continually told that most of the country
gentlemen are Conservatives; they wish that things
should remain as they are. Let them give up, then,
improving agriculture. They are not, however, on
that point Conservatives. They wish to get rid of
slovenly methods of farming, wish to have the land
drained and sheltered, wish to improve the breed of
cattle, and to plough at less expense ; they are even
scornful and angry with those who will not im-
prove ; they make leases to compel improvement,
and are animated with as Radical a spirit on that
point as the most ultra-Chartists. They are both
the children and the parent of the social movement,
which, in their sphere, they impel forward with
vigour.

vati‘vveepmrieasythosaoyd.thensame (A)fLt3,hreE
RSO;CaanidledtheCAo,nrsceirl:
bishop of CANTERBURY, Mr. BURNES and Mor.t-
TIMER O'SULLIVAN, are not real stand-still
Conservatives. They want more churches, more
parsons, more prayers, and more pelf for their order.
Both the improving landlords and the Church-
extension clergy really aim, while they give them-
selves the name of Conservatives, to increase their
own wealth, to enlarge their power, and confirm
their dominion. They are no more contented with
things as they are, than the Corn-law abolitionists
or the hand-loom weavers.

Let us draw a moral from this. If they who