The Sun.
London, England, 1839-05-16 00:00:00

CRIMINAL COURT-(THIS DAY

---
John Cummins, late a letter-carrier in the Post-office,
was convicted of stealing a letter containing an order for
401. He was sentenced to 14 years' transportation.

CARLOW ELECTION COMMITTEE
(THIS DAY.)

The Committee met to-day at a quarter before eleven
o'clock, immediately upon which strangers were ordered to
withdraw, and the Committee, after consulting for upwards
of one hour and a half, decided that the question of Mr.
Thesiger, as to the value of the house occupied by Basel-
ton, might be put.
The Witness was then called in, and in answer to a
question from Mr. Thesiger, he stated that the value of
the house occupied by Haselton, distinct from Cuddles,
was 61.

The examination of witnesses for and against Haselton's
vote was then resumed, and was proceeding when our re-
porter left.

---
LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY

DEAL„\IAY 15.—Wind, W. S. W.—Arrived the Cleo-
patra, Rothwell, from Demerara; Duke of Norfolk, Goss,
from St. Kitts ; Miranda, ditto ; Elizabeth and Jane,
Westward ; Mary, ditto.
PORTSMOUTH. MAY 15.—Wind, N.W.—Off port, the
Barbara Gorston, Ritchie, from Tobago; St. Nicolas,
Messina.

PL.vmourn, MAY N. N. W.
F...z.m01t1711. MAY N. N. E. to N. W.—
Strong breezes and aquafly:•=Rtilvad' the Grace Darling,
from Gonaives.

LIVERPOOL, MAY 15. —Wind, W. to N.• Fresh breezes.—
Arrived the Mary Howland, Wear, from New Orleans.
Sailed Sarah Trotman, Brown, for Barbadoes; Henry,
Halsell, Messina ; Julia, Maroskin, Trieste ; Fenella,
Wakeham, Malaga. Off port, Intrepid, for Demerara ;
China, Charleston ; John, Toulnay, Genoa.

The first stone of the London and Brighton
Railway will be laid at the viaduct on the road leading by
the Dairy and New England Farm, on Monday.
THE QUEEN DOWAGER.—Every preparation
for the arrival of her Majesty the Queen Dowager has been
completed at Marlborough House. Her Majesty's car-
riages have left town for Portsmouth, where her Majesty is
expected to disembark to-morrow morning, or in the course
of the succeeding day.
His Excellency the Russian Ambassador will
give a sumptuous banquet on Saturday evening, at Ash.
burnham House, to his Imperial Highness the Grand
Duke Alexander. His Grace the Duke of Wellington,
Sr Robert and Lady Peel, Marquis of Salisbury, Lord
and Lady Cowley, and a distinguished party have been in-
vited to meet his Imperial Highness. The Countess
Charles Pozzo di Borgo contemplates a splendid fete in
‘le course of th ,k.

le ensuing week.
Her Grace the Duchess of Northumberland WI,
give a grand ball of extraordinary brilliancy this evening a‘
Northumberland House. Her Majesty is expected to arrive
at half-past ten.
A lady of rank has placed in the hands of the
Rev. W. W. Ellis the munificent donation of one hundred
guineas, to be applied at discretion to the cause of the sick
and persecuted Jewish converts at Jerusalem.

The Earl of Radnor has

presented to the par-
ishioners of Britford, near Salisbury, a handsome collection
of books, for the purpose of commencing the formation of
a village circulating library.
The Marquis and Marchioness of N

BIRMINGHAM.

(FROM A CORRESFONDENT.

WEDNESDAY EVENING.
A meeting of working men took place this evening at
Holloway Head, and notwithstanding the rain and snow
descended pretty h•eoiviiy the pc.:ter part of the trine there
were upwards of 1.000 persen?. present. There was also a
pretty good muster of Delegates, and the meeting was
graced by the attendance of several females, wives and
daughters of some of the working men present. Mr.
F'weell was called to the chair, and, after a short address,
introduced
Mr. NEESOM, from Bristol, who said it was perfectly
clear now that the people would get nothing but what they
obtained for themselves. It was of no use petitioning the
House of Commons, and were they prepared to have Uni-
versal Suffrage at any risk ?—( Cries of " Yes.") The
working-men had already suffered great privations,
in consequence of the system of exclusive legislation that
had hitherto prevailed; they had it now in their power to
obtain their poli.ical rights, and if the sham radical party
attempted to frustrate them in their political movements,
his opinion was, they would come off second best.—
( Cheers.) Is was not conducive to health to stand upon
wet ground, and he would therefore conclude by say ing,
that he was confident if they united together, no power on
earth would be able to defeat them.—( Cheers.)
Mr. MansoEN, from Preston, next addressed the meet-
ing. There was a very important motion to be discussed
in the Convention to-morrow, which had for its object, the
assisting and protecting those who were or might be ar-
rested.—( Cheers.) That was an important matter, and
one to which he wished to direct the attention of the peo-
ple of Birmingham. In 1793 there was a peaceable
agitation. The men who undertook that agitation, had in
view the very object the people at present sought to effect.
They conducted themselves in such a way, that no one
could say one violent expression was used, but
notwithstanding their mild demeanour, they were banished
from the country. Was it to be supposed the present Go-
vernment were more mildly disposed ? " The spirit of the
age" deterred them from doing what they no doubt wished,
but they would suppress the agitation unless the people re-
sisted them. The Correspondence Society was next sup-
pressed. Then followed the movement of 1819. They were
told to be peaceable, and to act constitutionally. The
people met at Manchester—they had arms, pikes, and mus-
kets by thousands ; but Hunt begged thein to go to Peter.
100 without any arms, and that they should not have even a
stick in their possession. He believed the meeting called
there was itself constitutional, but the enemies of the
people fell on them, and slaughtered the unoffending mul-
titude. Prosecutions immediately commenced, and what
became of the movement? The people sank into a state
of apathy, and now, after the lapse of twenty years,
an energy had been awakened sufficient to lead the
people to something like the probability of an at-
tainment of their rights,—(Cheers.) But if these
arrests went on—if leader after leader was taken, what
would become of the people or of the movement ? If the
members of the Convention were arrestad one after an-
other, distraction would be the consequence, and no good
would result. Another period would elapse, and another
generation must arise, ere the same degree of energy would
be roused to accomplish even what had already been ac-
complished.—( Hear.) It behoved them then to adopt
some proceeding in consequence of those arrests, and those
arrests ought to be considered in the same light as if a
shot had already been fired at their leaders.—( Hear.)
What they had in view was only justice, and it was doing
an injustice to oppose them. They only asked for those
privileges which they willingly gave to others, and that
man was not doing as he would wish to be done unto, who
sought to deprive another of the privilege he him-
self enjoyed. If those in Parliament would do the
people justice—would attend to their wants—consider
the poverty of the nation, and take care that those who
had to labour for their bread were properly protected, then
they would willingly allow them the enjoyment of their
privileges. If the men of Birmingham saw the misery
that existed in Lancashire, and knew the sufferings the
hand-loom weavers laboured under, they would not hesitate
to take any steps to remove those miseries.—(Hear, hear.)
Heartrending tales might be told of the misery that ex-
isted in the north. The men of Birmingham earned more
wages, and the men of Dudley, whom he (Mr. Marsden)
addressed last night, and who earned 30s. a week, could
scarcely believe that men with their families subsisted on
65., 75., Bs., or 9s. a week.__(" Shame, shame !") He
himself had endured it, and had been a daily witness as
well as a participator of their sufferings. A small basin
of oatmeal gruel constituted their breakfast, while a
quarter of a pound of bacon had to serve for two meals for
a man with his wife and children —(Cries of " Shame 1")
Although the men of Birmingham received a little more
were they certain they would continue to receive it ? Did
they suppose those combinations that bad hitherto pro-
tected them would continue to protect them ? He feared
not.—( Hear, hear.) A few years ago the Irish came
into Lancashire. The working people there were ready to
call them by every opprobrious name, and to tell them to
be off to their own country ; but had they taken a different
course, and called on the Government to pay some atten-
tion to that unfortunate race—they would not have had the
Irish to compete with them, the consequence of which
competition had been to bring themselves down to the same
level. The men in the north might perhaps bring the
working men of Birmingham down likewise.—( Hear,
hear.) The trade and manufactures of England had been
for some time on the decrease. In 1810 Russia took more
than five millions yards of woollen cloth. Las,
year she did not take a single yard.—( Hear, hear
She had chosen to manufacture for herself.

1820 there were not less than 13,000,000 yards of printed
calico sent fr-om this country to Russia. Last year it fell
short of 1,000,000. Not merely had Russia begun to ma-
nufacture into cloth yarn from this country for herself, lout
had actually erected manufactories for the purpose of
making the yarn.—(Hear, hear.) The iron trade of this
country was also on the decay. Russia obtained iron from
America; and the whole Continent would shortly be able
to manufacture for itself --(Hear. ) These statements
were enough to alarm any one, but how were they to pro-
vide against coming calamities? Brougham was a wise
man, he knew what was coming, and therefore he wanted
to thin the population. Hence the Poor-law Bill ; and
when they were unable to maintain themselves and
families, they were to be thrust into bastiles, there to
perish.—(Cries of " Shame, and put them on fire.")
Brougham had a pension of fourteen pounds a.day—
for what? because he had held a situation worth fifteen
thousand pounds a•year.—( Hear.) He ought to have saved
enough while in office to have kept him for the remainder
of his days, but when a poor man was unable to maintain
himself and was thrown out of employment he was to be
thrown into a bastile.—(Shame, shame.) Then there was
Queen Adelaide, with her 100,000/. a-year•-2791. 19s.
a-day.—( Shame, shame.) That was the way in which
the hard-earnings of the working men were squandered
away. Could they endure it?—(Cries of " No, no.")
Tell him not of reasoning with individuals who could be
guilty of such conduct. No moral force was adequate to
the accomplishment of their purpose without at the same
time showing that they had a physical force in the rear.—
( Cheers.) A poor man was quite as good as a rich man,
and he hoped that if any of their unfortunate fellow-suf-
ferers were arrested, they would exert themselves by every
means in their power to defend and support them.
Mr. HEALING, from Bath, was proud of that oppor-
tunity of addressing the men and the women of Birming-
ham, because he knew that Birmingham was the centre of
industry and mechanical talent and intellect. He was
proud to see that Birmingham was ready to strike an ef-
fectual blow at their enemies by declaring for equality of
rights, universal suffrage, and no surrender.—(Loud
cheers.) All they wished for was to have a good day's
pay for a good day's work, and it was only by unity and
assembling peaceably together, and declaring these senti-
ments, that they would obtain what they desired.—( Hear.)
Mr. FUSSELL said that if the Government arrested
any of the Delegates, it was the duty of the Convention to
protect the people by at once providing for any such con-
tingency. He trusted the Convention would handle the
matter iu such a way as to place the people in a position to
resist any Government interfering with the people in the
free exercise of their constitutional rights, and to deprive
them of their leaders.—(Cheers.) He had not the least
doubt but that the Convention would adopt such a course
as would enable them to meet any emergency, and he
would communicate the result of the deliberations of the
Convention to the people to-morrow evening in Smithfield
market.—( Cheers.)
It being now nearly dark, the meeting, after giving three
cheers for the Convention, quietly dispersed.

METROPOLITAN
SUMMARY.

ti
tc, •
7,4
f
because Ministers are less enamoured than he V-k
,S 4 4
the pleasing occupation of abolishing or suspendin„,
than they did a fortnight ago of the intervention tit
tutions, not because the negro population, stand les-sigiu
of the supreme legislative authority of the British . "9:effs.!
Parliament, but simply because the Ministerial Bill for the
extinction v.f the Jamaica Coastitution can scarcely be ad
limed to by Ministers without endanger;ng the places of
certain Ladies of the Bedchamber, between whom and
Lord Melbourne there exists a good understanding."
The Morning Chronicle, discussing Sir Robert Peel's
modest proposal to her Majesty, that she should dismiss 1 •
all the members of her Household, observes, " The prin_ •
chile involved in this question is of the utmost importance.
In a Constitutional Monarchy it is wisely provided that the
Sovereign should act only through responsible Ministers.
But the Duke of Wdlington and Sir Robert Peel would
not merely deprive the Sovereign of the power of action, but
of the liberty of thought. They would make her a mere
puppet, to receive all her impressions from her Ministers
alone. Now, this is an usurpation on the function of the
Monarch. The Sovereign, though not entitled to act ex-
cept through Ministers, is clearly entitled to the most per-
fect personal liberty, to be able to fulfil the great and im-
portant part of judging how far the Ministry may, in
the execution of their delegated powers, be entitled to pos-
sess the Royal confidence. This liberty cannot be enjoyed
so long as the Sovereign is only to be surrounded by crea-
tures of the Ministry for the time, appointed with a view to
bias the Royal mind, and aware that their tenure of place
must depend on the dexterity with which they may exer-
cise their functions. It was never intended by.the Consti-
tution that the Sovereign should be, to all intents and pur-
poses, a prisoner ; for how can that person be said to be
free, whose mind is not in her own keeping, and who is
debarred from receiving all impressions but such as are ne-
cessary for the purposes of others ? The Sovereign is as
much entitled to the uncontrolled power of forming inde-
pendent opinions, from books and from social intercourse,
as any subject in the empire."
The Morning Herold, following in the wake of the
Times, still perseveres in the assertion that Lord Mel.
bourne's resignation was a mere trick ; and speaking of the
prospects of the New Ministry, indulges in the following
grim and dismal vaticination :—" Lord Melbourne's new
Cabinet cannot stand. Let him arrange his materials as
he may, he cannot conceal the fact that those materials are
rotten. The first collision with the real business of the
country will shatter the whole concern. We have stated
that the Whigs will try to sneak through the session, with-
out attempting to grapple with any of the difficulties that
have connected themselves with our foreign and colonial
relations. Some measures there are, however, which
the Queen's favoured advisers will, undoubtedly, attempt
to carry through Parliament. They will renew the new
Poor- law Bill ; and they will, almot immediately, lay the
foundations of their favourite scheme for the establishment
of a rural police. Sir Harry Verney brought forward this
latter subject incidentally last night; and Sir Harry Ver-
ney is, in this matter, a mere index of feeling which ani-
mates the Liberal' Cabinet. The prospects connected
with the establishment of a rural police, are, undoubtedly
of a gratifying kind. It is pleasing to think that the liber-
ties and properties—and perhaps the lives—of all classes of
Englishmen may, soon, be at the mercy of a knot of Com-
missioners, who shall be responsible only to the Members
of the Cabinet for the time. It is pleasing, moreover, to
reflect that the character and constitution of every Cabinet
is likely, henceforth, to depend on the pleasure of the
Ladies of her Majesty's Bedchamber !"
The Morning Advertiser deduces the following just in.
ferences from the political explanations that have recently
been made in Parliament:." One fact, at least, is esta-
blished by the disclosures of Sir Robert Peel in his ex-
planation ; a fact that will gladden the hearts of millions,
and invest the Administration with a power and influence
for good, which will enable them to work out effectually
and decisively those wholesome reforms that have been so
long retarded by a hostile majority in one House, and a
desperate minority in the other. The fact is, that her
Majesty is cordially, heartily, and wholly with the people ;
that the Sovereign of this kingdom sympathises with pub-
lic opinion throughout all its healthy manifestations.
Whatever obstacles may now be thrown in the way of Re-
form by Peers, Bishops, or political adventurers, will be
met by the irresistible moral force arising from this union
of the Throne and the People. Before this power all fac-
tious opposition must quail, and the great social commu-
nity will be animated with that confidence in the Govern-
ment which is the best security for the national honour
and the welfare of the country. The Queen's name is a
tower of strength."

EVENINt; ED rl-1(

SUPPRESSION OF THE INSUR-
RECTION IN PARIS.

(From Galignani's Messenger.)
We arc glad to be able to announce that the distur-
bances to n 'deb the capital was exposed on Sunday even-
ing were effectually repressed during the night, and that,
as will be seen by the following details, they were not only
not renewed to any effect yesterday, but that by the even-
ing they may be considered to have been completely got
under. We trust that from the very vigorous measures
which have been adopted, we shall have no more repeti-
tions of these disgraceful occurrences.
Yesterday, in several houses from which shots had been
fired by the insurgents, strict search was made, and several
individuals were arrested, and their arms discovered. In the
course of the day attempts were made to form some barricades
near the Marche des Innocent, and also in the Rue Neuve
St. Mery. The troops fired repeatedly upon the insurgents,
and two or three men were killed in the Rue Plahche
Mibray. Another barricade at the corner of the Rue
Briscmiche was very warmly defended, and was ultimately
carried by the Municipal Guard. Several persons were
instantly arrested behind it, and among then' two men in
livery, who ere said to be servants of the Marquis de
Dreux Breze. Le.aehments of cavalry several times
moved upon and dispersed the crowds that filled the
streets near the Mrre,he des Innocens, and several pieces
of artillery were brought from the Ecole Militaire into
that part of the town, as well as to the Place de Carrou-
sel. Subsequent to these occurrences nothing serious
took place in the centre of Paris.
Yesterday afternoon, at five o'clock, the King, accom-
panied by the Dukes of Orleans and Nemours, reviewed
2,000 National Guards and the troops of the line on the
Place du Carrousel, where they had been stationed
throughout the day.
The Dukes of Orleans and Nemours, and the Prince de
Joinville, accompanied by Generals Marbot, Flahault, and
Boyer, left the Tuileries at half-past six yesterday morning,
rode along the Rue de Rivoli, the Rue de Castiglione, the
Place Vendome, and the Rue de la Paix, to the Boule-
vards, which they followed to the Place de la Bastille, and
then returned to the Quays. Their Royal Highnesses
reviewed all the troops they met with on their way, as
well as the 9th Legion of the National Guard, which was
assembled at the mayory of its arrondissement, and the 4th,
stationed in the quadrangle of the Louvre.
At four o'clock yesterday afternoon a band of rioters
went to the Ecole Polytechnique with the dead body of a
man, killed at one of the barricades, calling on the pupils
to fraternise with them. The pupils, however, at once re-
fused. The insurgents then tried to make an assault on
the school, but were repelled by the young men. A de-
tachment of the Municipal Guards came up and dispel sed
the assailants by a charge, in which three of them wore
killed.

About eleven o'clock yesterday morning some gamins de
Paris had overturned an omnibus in the Rue de Grenelle
St. Honore, near the office of the messagerics Laffitte,
Caillard and Co., and tried to stop a diligence coming
into the yard, in order to form a barricade. A posse of
the conductors and porters, however, sallied forth, gave
them a sound thrashing with their fists, and drove them
home.

Fourteen dead bodies were taken yesterday to the
Morgue.

Tiie number of wounded which, up to five o'clock yes-
erday, had been carried to the hospitals, is stated by the
Messager to have amounted to 190. Several amputations,
it adds, had been made, and many patients are lying with-
out hope of recovery. At the Hotel Dieu were were 69,
of whom 20 were soldiers; about half these patients are
since dead. At Saint Louis 38, at Saint Antoine 14, at
La Charite 2, at the Maison Royale de Sante 2. At the
Val de Grace eighteen soldiers. The number of killed
among the National Guards and troops the same journal
states to be forty-seven.
The following is a copy of a proclamation found in the
shop of Messrs. Lepage, the gunsmiths, which was pil-
laged by the insurgents :
"To arms, citizens! The hour fatal to our oppressors
has struck. The cowardly tyrant of the Tuileries laughs
at the hunger which tears the bowels of the people; but
the measure of his crimes is full—they are about to receive
their chastisement. France betrayed and the blood of our
murdered brothers cry aloud to you for vengeance. Let it
be terrible, kr it has been too long delayed I Perish at
last all advantage taken of the people, and let Legality be
seated triumphant over the fallen ruins of the monarchy
and aristocracy. A provisional government has appointed
military chiefs to lead you to combat; follow them, they
will guide you to victory. People, arise ! your enemies
will fly before Sou like the dust before the whirlwind.
Strike and exterminate without pity the vile satellites and
voluntary accomplices of tyranny; hold out the hand to
the soldiers who have sprung from among you, and who
will never turn against you any parricidal arms I—En
avant ! Vire la _Republique I"
The Debuts says that several Deputies, who had never
appeared at the Tuileries since the Revolution of July,
and amongst them Messrs. Dugabe, Chabrol de Volvic,
Arthur de la Bourdonnaye, Blin de Bourdon, Gras Pre.
ville, and Dc Lespinasse, were present at the interview
between the National Representatives and the King yester-
day afternoon. M. Thiers, M. Odillon Barrot, and M.
De Lamartine, were also among the Deputies.
TUESDAY, ONE o'CLoce.—The capital has this morning
re-assumed its usual appearance ; the central quarters
have been evacuated by the principal part of the troops,
the shops have been re-opened, and though numbers of
people are circulating in the streets to visit the scenes of
the disturbances, every thing is perfectly tranquil, and no
symptoms of insurrection remain. It is reported that the
Chamber of Peers will be entrusted with the judicial cog-
nizance of proceedings resulting from this affair.
Several individuals who had been concerned in former
emuetes have been arrested with arms in their hands; and
one, a notorious character nicknamed Le ltfanchot, was
shot dead while trying: to disarm a Municipal Guard
on Sunday evening. It was rumoured yesterday that
Colonel Vaudrey and Commandant Parquin, who were
concerned in the affair of Prince Louis Napoleon at Stras. •
burgh, had been arrested yesterday in Paris, but one of
our Contemporaries mentions that the Colonel is at pre-
sent at Dijon, from which place a letter has beets received
from him addressed to M. F. Barrot. The Wounds of
Colonel Pelion, whe was attacked by the insurgents on,
the Place des Italiens, appear to be serious.

The Tories talk a great deal
of the Whig
on sufferance, and consider it a most
existence. Yet their pet Sir Robert acknow-
ledged in the House, that he would gladly have existed in
dMisignrisatereyfu el listig
the same way, if he could, not only with a petty majority
of twenty, but even in that minority !!! He would actually,
he says, have attempted to have carried on the business of
the country with a majority of twenty against him.ol4
the love of place I

"In all these passages death is mentioned only
in immediate apposition to, and connexion with,
the remedy provided for it by the sacrifice of Christ ;
and the context shows that ne other part of the
creation is alluded to except that highly favoured
race, who are taught to hope for a recovery horn
death by the resurrection, and for pardon of their
sins, through the gift of grace, which is by Jesus
Christ." . • • . " Whence,
then,", he asks, " can have originated the idea, which
more or less prevails inmost men's minds, that the brute
creation also suffered a change in their nature and be-
came subject to death, in consequenceof Adam's fall. I
am not aware thet-Seripture.affords authority for such an
opinion, or that it is affirmed or alluded to by any one
jof the inspired writers, but it crowds the pages of poets
and the tablets of painters, and through them has been
from infancy so deeply imprinted on most men's minds,
that maturer judgment rarely stops ta inquire precisely
as to the source of each notion upon these matters, unless
some special occasion calls for its investigation." ,
Dr. Buckland concludes, therefore, on apparently in-
controvertible evidence, that death, so far as animals are
concerned, was not the consequence of sin. Animals
svere created subject to death, before any traces of man's
existence are to be found, and they died, leaving to our
times, in their fossil bones, the memorials of the pre-
Adamite antiquity of death.
This leads, however, to a more important investigation
than Dr. Buckland has ventured to hang on it. It the
i death of animals be not the consequence of sin, what
ireason is there to suppose that the death of man it. If,
i as Dr. Buckland proves, animals were not subject to
death as a consequence of man's sin--. 6 if," as he ob-
serves, " the physical conditions of the human fi-ante,
no less than those if the world itself, and of the whole
animal. and vegetable creation, are all in harmonic) s,
adaptation to the temporary uses of a fleeting and
transitory state ," " if no kied of change o? deterioration
of the nature or condition of irrational animals is either
directly stated, or can be inferred from any passages of
IGenesis ;" and "if death is and always has been the
'condition on which life was given to every hll-
sidual amongst the countless myriads of beings in-
ferior to ourselves, whom it has pleased God to call
into existence—if all these propositions of Dr. Buck-
land be true, as who can deny them, surely we may
without presumption venture to doubt whether the sub-
jugation of man to the same universal law, however ter-
rible death may be to his imagination, were inflicted as a
punishment at all, and particularly whether it. were ever
inflicted as a punishment for such a venial offence as
strivin,g after knowledge, and becoming to know good
from evil. Not merely the crust of the globe, as geo-
logy demonstrates—not merely all the living beings
on its surface, whether they- inhabit the water, the
air, or walk erect on the earth, are subject to
change and death, but all creation seems submitted
to the same law. Our records have not yet positively
convinced U 3 that any planets, comets, suns, and stars
have passed away, but they have satisfied us that
amongst these mighty bodies there are changes, and
since we see some even now called and calling into
existence, there is reason to believe that sonic have
passed away. Is it to be supposed that this universal
law of creation was introduced in consequence of the
infirmities of man, inhabiting a small part cnly of one
of the smallest and meatiest of the secondary stars, and
I,: at all nature was subjected to death because he was
sinful ? Or is it to be supposed that all the planets,
stars, and firmaments, all vegetables anti animals, all
the wide universe, which daily hymns the praises
of- . its Maker, have all committed sin like
man, and been made like him therefore sub-
jest .to change and death ? If we must
a yet that supposition, must we not then be driven to
the other, that for man to be subject to change and
death, like the rest of creation, is net a punishment, but
the consequence. of a general or universal law, however
inscrutable that, like ail ultimate facts, may appear at
pr, sent to our limited cepscity ?
.1f man were created tl,ff,2rent from what he is, and
were subj,cted to death as a punishment, his whale-
t •ii.g,-, and 'all the laws ofcreation, must also.have been
altered at the Cal!. Male and female were all. ;animals
create;?, and always therefore subj cted to the law of
precreation.Nor was men created differently. Adam
lid his Eve, and those who fr.,t gave him 'a
wife, an I stely afterwards sui)jeceel Lien to death.
as a punishment, must have been wholly unaware
of the law of popia!at:on. To have been created
male and female, and not to have been subject to death,
involves a physical impossibility. According to Mr.
Malthus, if population had increased to time full measure
of its power from the creeti.,n, we should now ha% a
living six persons to a square yard ; but what would
that be to the crowd on the surface of the glove if death
had never thinised our ranks? Either the whole constitu-
tion of the human race was cimati•-;ed after being created
male and female, When, man was punished by death, or
the whole laws of the earth were cimanged,—which the
authors of the received history of the creation do not
assert,—or the very creation of male and female implied
death from the beginning that the aged might make room
for the young, before man could possibly have sinned.
As Dr. Buckland observes, ell the physical conditions
of the human frame, all those of the mind and of the
whole animal and vegetable creation, area harmonious
adaptation to the temporary uses of a fleeting and
transitory state. No part of our constitution is more
a proof of this than the fact that vivid pleasure is the
let of the young, and that in the aged all the senses
'become gradually dull, the limbs stiffen, the vigour
passes away. There were to have been young in the
garden of Eden ; it was not, according to the Mosaic
account, to have remained tenantless, except by Adam
and Eve ; they were to have had children before they
tinned, and must have grown old as their children
and children's children came into existence. Not
merely, then, would they have lived for ever had they
not sinned ; they must have been endowed, to answer the
purposes of the first theoretical and philosophicalhis-
torian, with perpetual youth and susceptible of perpetual
pleasure, while, being male and female, they were to
have offspring. Such incongruous circumstances with
&limited world seem, with all submission, less wise and
leis worthy of the great Creator than the perpetual re-
newel of the race and the perpetual renewal of the plea-
sures of youth, gradually removing the aged from the
seeue; /tad at the same time providing for the continual
ismlrraaeraent of man, which is now our fate, and which
Is ciiramonly, but we are afraid foolishly, ascribed to the
wrath of the Creator for the sin of our first progenitor.
Into all the Inane
by this view considerations which are suggested
the limits of a newspaper forbid us to
enter. We- should-not, indeed have ventured on the
subject bad not the opposite view been put forth by
political journals, with the r • intention
a scientific gentleman, and with the mischievous design
in stopping', the progress of science and sustaining
of vigour sometime longer the priestcraft which is at

I INQUEST EXTRAORDINARY.—An inquest was
held last week at the house of Mr. Thomas Price, Castle-
street, Ruthen, upon what was supposed to be the bones of
a child, which a man bad found in digging a garden. After
a grave deliberation it was at length discovered by the me-
dical gentleman present that the bones were those of .1 cat.
How the poor animal had come by its death was not elicited.

The present Earl of Essex is said to have Oh.
tairit'd an accession of fortune to the amount of 8,0001 eer
annum by the death of the late Earl. The jointure of the
Dowager Countess is 3,000/. per annum, charged on the
family estates. Her Ladyship has taken one of her
nieces, Miss Johnstone, to reside with her.
FIRES IN THE METROPOLIS.—Since the com-
mencement of the present week no fewer than 12 fires lime
occurred in the metropolis, and the dt struction of property
has been very exti.nsive.
KENT HOPS.—MAIDSTONE.—The bines have
made little progress during the last week in the strong
grounds, but the cold winds have very materially ckecked
them in the weak grounds, which are much infested by the
flea. Tying has commenced in most places. A few warm
days may make great improvement in all the grounds At
Ticehurst the puling is now nearly brought to a close, an,
tying is in operation. The cold winds had kept the bine
in a backward state, some warm days succeeding had made
considerable progress; but they are again choked and
much battered by the present cold and winds, so that in
many grounds they have the appearance of bc,i,,g struck
by the frost, and many bines must I), pulled up. There is
not much appearance of flea.—ilinidstone Gazette
EXPRESS FROM LIVERPOOL—LIVERPOOL.
SUNDAY EVENING, SIX O'CLOCK.—CIIINA.—By the John
O'Gaunt, Captain Robertson, we have received advlces
from Canton, of the date of the 26th of January. After
an inconvenient suspension of two months, the Chinese
authorities allowed the foreign merchants to renew their
operations, and Mr. Innis, whose conduct had occasioned
the cessation of traffic, and who is known among the resi-
dents for the eccentricity of his conduct and the obstinacy
with which he has repeatedly defied the law, has at lungth
condescended to retire to Macao. Exchange on London
and Liverpool is quoted, private bills for six months, 4s. 8d
to 4s. 9d. ; Government bills, 10 to 30 days, 4s. 6d.
For manufactured cottons the demand is slack. ln
woollens—'.ong ells are depressed, and no sales quoted;
bar iron bad obtained a slight advance, as but a limited
quantity of it was in the market ; rice had advanced five
cents; a few fine chests of tea remained, and the prices
were generally higher than buyers were disposed to allow.