The Sun.
London, England, 1801-10-21 00:00:00

MANSION-HOUSE.

YESTERDAY two brothers, named ChJiles and
James Everett were brought before the Lou
MAYOR, on a charge of having .burglariOusly
broken the counting house of Mr. Maze, of Dow_
gate' Wharf, and stolen therein Bank-nutes and
cash to the amount of upwards of 6061. It ap,
peared that the premises of Mr: Maze, who is an
eminent dealer in cast iron, had been broke open
and robbed on the night of the 15th of August la,t ;
shortly after which, a young man of the 'Jain,: of
Lovell, who was a Turncock to the London Bridge
water-works, was taken up on suspicion of having
committed the robbery, on account of his having at-
tempted td pass one of the notes that were Missing.
This person afterwards turned King's, evidence
against his accomplices in the burglary, and named
the two Prisoners as being the men. From the de:.
scription, however, which he gave of them, the
City Officers could never identify the Prisoner..-
One of the Officers went to Enfield at the time whin
a boxing-match was expe6ted to take place between
Belcher and Burkes; and although he sat next the
two Prisoners in a public-house, he could 'not now
now
them to be the persons he was in pursuit of, on ac:.
count of the bad description he had had.

The following is the manner in which they were
discovered :—A Clerk belonging to Mr. Maze had
received information that on the loth instant a spl.
Bank-note, answering the description of that stolen
out of the countinghouse on the night in question,
was offered at the Bank to be changed, by a Mr;
Nailor) of Ponder's End, an eminentDistiller:_hz
made inquiry after it, and traced it to die house of
a Publican at Enfield Wash, where the two Pii-
soners lodged.

It also appeared that the accomplice Lovell, and
the two prisoners; had, shortly after the buiglary,
gone to a Publican in Fleet-street, and wanted to
get change for a zql. Bank Note, which the Publi.
can said he could not i;hanire ; they then offered
him a guinea if he would change it. This,
made him suspet that the Note was
.a bad one ;,
and in a very short time after he.went over to Drum--
mond's Lottery Office, to inquire about some tickets,
and there he saw the Prisoners and Lovell, when he
understood they had purchased some shares, and
given the Note in payment, and received the change_
out of it.

Neither the accomplice Lovell, nor the Publican
at Enfield Wash appearing, the Prisoners were re-
committed for further examination.

Two boys were charged with picking pockets ;
one of them not tz years old, had lately been found
guilty at the Old Bailey, and sent to the Philan
thropic Society, from whence he made his escape.—
This boy was sent to Bridcwell.

EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM A GENTLEMAN IN

EGYPT TO HISYRIEND IN LONDON, RECEIVPD

OCTOBER IS, 1801.

Then Standard which it is proposed to place upon.
the Monument ereeting to Sir RALPH AB ER C ROM-
Y, was a prize on the memorable zrst of March to
the Regiment of Minorca, or Stuart's, which lost
-thirteen Officers and two hundred and twenty Pri-
vates, in the equally gallant and critical support
afforded by the Foreign Brigade to the Reserve, on
that important and decisive day. Colonel DUTENS
(the Lieut. Colonel) fell bravely, after the receipt of
three wounds, under the sabres of the Cavalry, `of
which this Regiment sustained the first entire charge.
'The mention of his gallantry can be no superfluous
recordit is the just and honourable tribute to the
Soldier's memory, and the source of comfort to the
tears of surviving affedion.

TO ANTONY LUTZ, PRIVATA SOLDIER IN THE

REGIMENT OF MINORCA, OR STUART'S.

I do hereby certify, that ANTONY LuTz, Private
Soldier in the Regiment of Minorca (or Stuart's)
did, on the 2 tst of March, r kr, during the Adieu
between the English and French Armies, commanded
by Sir RALPH AB ERCROMEY, and the French Ge-
neral in Chief MENOIJ, on the above day, within
three miles of Alexandria, take from the Enemy a
Standard, which bore several marks of distinction,
such as the Passage of the Piara and Tagliamento,
when under BONAPARTE, in Italy ; and in the centre.
of which is a bugle-horn within a wreath of lattl.
I do also certify, that the said ANTONY LUTZ
brought the Standard to the• Head-quarters of His
Excellency Sir RALPH AB P CRONID y, where he
delivered, it into my hands, and when he, at the
same time, received from me, by order, -a
gratuity
of twenty dollars, for so signal an instance of good
condua ; and I do further certify, that I forwarded
the Standard thus taken by the above A`-roN Y LuTZ,
to Sir RALPH AB E RC ROMBY, then ill of his wounds
in His Majesty's Ship Fotarvant ; that His Excel-
lency received it accordingly, and that it is now
in our possession.
Given under my hand, at the Adjutant-General's
Head-quarters, in the Camp before Alexandria, this
third day of April, 1301.
(Signed)

joHN MACDoNALD,
Assistant Adjutant-Gcneral.

LONDON GAZETTE, OCT. TO.

47Jiteb,.11, Of). 9, iSot.

The KING has been pleased to grant unto the
Rev. JOHN CRAMER, jf Sallymount, in the County
of Kildare, 'Clerk, his Royal License and Autho.
rity that he and his issue by MARTHA his present
wife, may-assume and take the surname of RoB R TS,
and bear the coat of Arms belonging to the fimiiy
of ROBERTS, with proper distinctions (such Arms
being first duly exemplified according to the Law
of Arms, and recorded in. the Heralds Office), pur-
suant to the last will and testament of the Mot
Noble JANE, late Dutchess of ST. ALBAN'S, de-
ceased,. who was one of the daughters of Sir WA...
TER ROBERTS, of Cranbrook, in the County of
Kent, Baronet, deceai>ed.

About twelve o'clock on Friday last, as ,Mr.
Byewatcr, of King-street, Golden-square, w.. w
ing with a friend, the latter ob erved him sr
to stagger, and prevented him from falling, bu► hs
expired almost immediately.

CEYLON.

(Continued freNt cur Paper of yesterday),

Contiguous. tti Columba 'there is a botanical gar_
den, which was' established several years ago, by
the celebrated botanist JOHN GIAIoN LorEis, of
Utrecht ; and' which, I trust, will not now be,
ni''`glea.ed. The greatest disadvantage atiending
the situation of Columbo, is.its.open road, which
is only safe during the months df NoVember, De-
`cember, -January, and February ; it being too much
expoSed for ships to ride in with security, during
the changing of the monsoons, and it being altoge-
ther impraCticable for any vessel to withstand the
violence of the south-west monsoon, from its bl6w-
ing direCtly on this coast.
About fifteen miles North of Columbo, on the
sea coast, Nermbo, an inconsiderable fortress,
but the distria in' which it is situated produces the
best. cif-in:it-non in, .our posseSsions. The next place
of consequence on, the coast is Jaffhapatnam, which
is situated at the north end of the island, opposite
to the coast of Tanjore. ,It is "strongly fortified.
On the .east side of the Island, the harbour of
Trincomallee, is the- first objeCt that claims our at-
tention spacious and noble Bay, which the
whole Navy of E;lland may enter with ease, and
ride in, at all seasons, with perfeet safety.- The
Harbour is guarded by two fortifications, Trin-
comallee fort, and fort Ostenburgh, the last of
whiCh stands upon a cliff;'projeCting about i soo
paces into the sea but it does not, in Its present
state, 'sufficiently cover the shipping. It was
origiially built by the Portuguese, with the ma.
terials of an august Pagoda of exquisite workman-
ship, which stood on the same ground that this For-
tress now occupies, and which their frantic bigotry
pj;ompted them to demolish.
This noble parbour, undoubtedly, of great poli-
. tical Consequence to British India, has, however,
two material disadvantages. The tide does not
rise to a sufficient height to admit the COnstruetion
of wet docks,. except for vessels of an inconsider-
able Size ; and the harbour is situated in the only
barren part of the Island. The countryabout Trio-
comalle .has never been cultivated, and its arid
soil yields no spontaneous pro-chit-lions, not even
any pasturage for cattle: The nearest farm villages
are upwards of twelve miles distant, from which the
garrison of Trincomallee and Fort Ostenburgh are
supplied with provisions.
- - -

'''Eighteen leagues to the southward of Trinco-
mallEe, at the head of a deep say, lies Batticola,
situated in the distrid of that name. It is a small
Fortress built by the Dutch ; but of great import-
ance, on atcount of' the extreme fertility of the ad-
jacent • count ty:which during. a War, or times of
Scarcity in ti e district of Trincomallit, can amply
supply the Gairisons there: with all kinds of pro.
visions.

?unto Gallo- is situated at the southern extremity
of the Island, in the rich and beautiful province of
Mantra. This is a very small, and is far from
being a secure Harbour, and would not deserve any
notice here, but from its being the place where all
the produets of Ceylon are shipped for Europe...

Such are the situations of the different places in
Ceylon, now flourishing under the British Flag ;
and which, if governed by that enlightened policy,
which has for a considerable period guided., the Ad-
ministration of our Indian affairs, will be produc-
di-R. of many political, if not commercial advantages.
The whole of the interior of Ceylon, excepting
the small province of Coylot, or the country of the
Wanees, in the northern part of the Island, is
peopled by the Cingalese, . the aboriginal inhabit-
ants, and under the government of the King of
Candy. 'His dominions are said to be regulariy
divided into provinces and districts ; but as. neither
'their number nor size, has been accurately ascertain-
ed,l shall not run the risk _of misleading the Reader,
by adopting the division of Mr. KNox, as it ap-
pears to me to be extremely fanciful, and as I am
not sufficiently informed on the subject, either to
decide where it is accurate, or to corred its mis-
takes. It should seem, however, that the Kingdom
of Candy is divided into about thirty districts, of
which the principal -is Candy Uda, a name signi-
fying the " top of the hills," and appropriate to
that part of the country. These districts are en.
closed by lofty and almost impenetrable woods,
which are preserved by the King, and reverenced
by the 'People, as the natural bulwarks of their
country, and, which, therefore, it would be account-
ed sacrilege to .fell. There are Guards regularly
stationed at all the different passages throughout
the woods.

The general aspen of the interior of the Island,
as has been already described of its shores, is ex-
tremely plitturesque. High mountains; covered
with old w• od, and wide vales fertilized by innu-
merable rivulets every where cultivated, and divid-
ed by thick rows of fruit-trees, that intersen, and
thereby secure the beautiful little hamlets that lie
scattered around, from the ferocious inhabitants of
the forest, presents on all. sides the most diversi.
fled scenery and enchanting prospeas ; while they
fill the mind With' a long train of the most pleasing
refieniuns.
The most considerable mountain in the Island is
called Hatnalell, or Adam's Peak. It is si.tuated
in the south-east side of Candy-Uda, and is of, a
pyramidical form. On its top there is a large flat
stone, with. an impression on it, something in the
shape of a man's foot, but considerably longer, being
about two feet long. There is a tradition among
the Cingiiese thit Budha, the great author of their
religion, left the print of his foot on this stone,
when he ascended to Heaven ! on which account,
it is deemed sacred, and people of all ranks and
ages perform anintal pilgrimages to it.
Most of the. rivers in the Island take their rise
in. this mountain, the largest of which is MaVa-
lagonga, that .falls into the sea at Trincomallee.
It is..ab Alt a, gun shot in b: :kith, and is cllicfly
from. ten to twelve feet deep, for several miles
up
,from its mouth ; but the numerous rocks which
intercept its course, render it altogether unnavi-

gable for vessels• that are constructed for a- sea
voyage, though the Cingalese have boats upon
and it might in many places, be . made service=
able to the piirposes of trade. Of this river Mr.
Krrox gives the ,following account.—" It is so
deep," says he, " that unless it be very dry wear
tiler, a man cannotwade over it, except towards
the bead of it. They use canoes to pass over
it ; for there art no bridges built over it, being
so broad, arid the stream in the time of the rains
(which in this country are very great.) runs so high
that they cannot. make then', neither if they could
would ,it be permitted ; for the King careth not to
make his country easy ,to travel, bin desires to keep
it intricate. This river runs within a mile or less
of the cite-of Candy.' In some places of it, full of
rocks, in others clear for three or four miles."
The seasons in Ceylon, as at Cape Comorin, are
entirely under the influence of the monsoon winds.
The:south-west monsoon bringing constant rain to
the'western, and dry weather and ,a serene sky to
the eastern -parts' of the island. The south-east
monsoon, on the contrary, producing the opposite
effeas. " The'rains and dry weather," says,Mf.
Knox, " part themsetves about the middle of the
island, as often times I have seen, being on the one
side of a Mountain,. called Cauras-King„ rainy wea-
ther, and as soon aS I got on' the other,,dry, and
so exceeding hot, that I- could scarcely walk on
the ground, being, as the manner there is, bare-
foot." • *

The-island produces some useful. minerals, .and a
variety of
.gems: Iron, copper, and black-lead,
are found in great abundince : and one oftheinoun-
tains.in candy-Uda is'said to contain a gold mine,
the working of,whia is prohibited, by the prudent
policy of the King. All the precious stones in
Hindustin, are to be met with in Ceylon.

• •
With regard- to the vegetable kingdom, this
island may very truly-be denominated the garden
of Asia; _for, excepting the-tea-plant, and the man-
gusteen of the Maiay islands, ail the trees, plants,
and flowers, of that great and fertile region of the
globe, seem collected here :—besides the celebrated
plant peculiar to itself. -On this last only, it were
necessary to give any descriptiin in this place.
But as the far-famed Bread-fruit, is generally sup.'
posed to belong exclusively to Otaheite, and the
neighbotiring islands in the Pacific Ocean, it.is es-
sentialto inform the reader, that it has grown in
Ceylon from time out of memory, where it is cer-
tainly indigenous, as has. been very satisfaaorily
proved, twenty years ago, by Dr. Thunberg ; a
fact with which our Government .appear to .have
been unacquainted, by having sent Capt. "Bligh
twice to Otaheite, for that which might so
easily have been pro Cured in Ceylon. Of this plant
there are two ,species; one •the Integrifolia, the
other. the Incitus of Linnaeus. Mr. Knox mentions
both of them. He calls the IntegrifOlia by the
Ceylonese name, Warragah. The other, kind he
calls'Vellas. This.species, is called Jacca by the
Portugueze. It is found in Sumatra, as well as in
some parts of Tanjore, and the Carnatic. Dr.
-Thunberg's account of these fruits, is to be found
in Vol: lxix. of the Transactions of the Royal So.
ciety, under the general name of Tsidadium. He
brought with him, from Ceylon, some hundred
shrubs of both species; with the intention-of trans.;
planting them in Holland ; but he unfortunately
lost them all, in .a severe gale of wind, when he
was within a few days sail of 'his destined:, ort.—
The-Cingalese use the Vellas as bread, and in times
of scarcity instead of rice. • '
The Laurus Cinnamomum, or Cinnamon, which
'is a species of Laurel that grows to the height of
twenty-feet, and which, ,notwithstanding the opi-
nion of Mr. Taylor White, Mr. Combes, and even
Mr. Pennant himself, I am inclined to think, . is

peculiar to Ceylon, and a species of the Laurus,
totally distinCt from the Cassia.. And were this a
fit place to discuss the question, I could support
my opinion on the authority of a Botanist of great
talents and research, who is at present employed in
exploring the interior of Sumatra: The ardent and
adventurous philosophy df. this Gentleman, not con-
tent to pursue fame in cultivated regions, and
through beaten ways, has led him to forego the
comforts of society, to encounter the most imminent
perils, penetrate into an unknown country, and
to mix with man in his rudest state ;—and thus by
laying open new sources of information, to widen
the sphere of useful knowledge, and to promote the
interests of his country.
The Cinnamon tree grows spontaneously all over
Ceylon, excepting the distria.of jaffpapatnam. In
the distrias of Columbo, and Matura, the Dutch
have improved the bark by \cultivation.' " The
,superfine Cinnamon," says Dr. Thunberg, " is
known by the following properties, viz. In the first
place it is thin, and rather pliable ; it ought com-
monly to be about the substance of royal paper, or
somewhat thicker; secondly, it is of a light colour,
and rather inclinable to yellow, bordering but little
upon brown. Thirdly, it possesses a sweetish taste,
and at the same time is not stronger than may be
borne without pain, and is not succeeded by any
after-taste. Cinnamon is barked in the woods at
two different seasons of the year. The first is
termed the grand harvest, and lasts from April to
August : the second is the small harvest, and lasts
from November to the month of January." This
being the staple commodity of the Country, the
culture of it is attended to with peculiar care.
The.state of agriculture in Ceylon appears to be
as far advanced as that of the neighbouring Conti-
nent ; and the Island produces all the different
grains that are to be found there,—though not in
such abundance as the benignity of the climate, and
fertility of
,the soil, would lead us to expet. For
it seldom yields a. larger crop of rice, than its in-
habitants, in the course of the year, can consume.
This is to. be attributed to a want of industry
among the Cingalese ; who,
_though in many re_
specs, as highly civilized; as any other race of
Hindus, do in this instance, from their insular
situation, and 'their living in a mountainous coun-
try, still, retain that distinguishing charaderistic of
a pastoral people.

be iontinued.)

SHIP NEWS.

GRAY ESIND, OCT. 19.

Passed by-the Rambler, • " from Stockholm -; New.-
castle
.Tradef, Cocken, from Guernsey ; Florentia,. Law-
son, from Morlaix ;. Neptunus, —, from Oporto ; and
Onion,' —, from BaicelOna.
Sailed—the Nautilus, Findlay, for Jamaica ; Ann,
Dashill, for New Providence; Mary, Palmer, for Savan-
na; and Traveller, for Guernsey.