The Sun.
London, England, 1863-04-20 00:00:00

Commence at 7.

TtIEAT RE-ROY AL, HAY MARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buokatone.
I:HIS EVENING, STILL WATERS RUN DEEP.
Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Wigan, Mr. W. Farren, Mr. Chippen-
dale, and Miss Louisa Ange,.
After which, an apropos Dramatic Sketch, introducing a
Panorama of the Tour of the Prince of Wales in the East.
To conclude with BORROWING A HUSBAND. Pamela
Miss rdaria [lards. Commence at 7.

THEATRE-ROYAL LYCEUM OPEN, under
the Sole Management of Mr. FECHTER.
THIS EVENING, at 7, to commence with an Original
Sketch, entitled A SUDDEN ATTACK. Messrs. Shore,
Garden, H. Widdicomb, Wes Henrade, and Mrs. Lee.
After which, at a Quarter to Eight, a New Romantic
Drama, in Three Acts, and PrStools, entitled THE
MIKE'S MOTTO, by Paul Feral and John Brougham.
The principal character will be sustained by Mr. Fechter,
supported by Messrs. Shore, G. Jordan, J. Brougham,
H. ;Viddi,lombe, F. Charles, Garden, Raymond, Dawson ;
Misses Carlotta Leclercq, Kate Terry, E. Lavenue, and
Elsworthy.
Acting-Manager, Mr. H.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE
Lessees, Messrs. Lindu4 and Vining,,.
THIS EVENING the drama of AURORA FLOYD. Mips
Amy_ Sedgwick, iss endersou, and Mrs. Simpson' Messrs.
Ft
R. oxbY, G. Melville, G. Beimore, C. Seyton, Wallace, and
Cathcart.
After which. KILLING TIME. Dlr. Gcc+. Vining, Mr. C.
Seyton, and Miss Amy Sedgwick.
To conclude with a new whimsical Extravaganza, entitled
BEAUTIFUL HA IDE ;or The Sea Nymph and the Sallee
Rovers. Misses M. Oliver, Helen Howard, Hudspeth, Hen-
derson, and Murray ; Messrs. C. Seyton, G. Belmore, Fitz-
james, Moreland, and Cockerill.

NEW TfiI?ATRE-R0 YAL, ADELPHL—
souI Proprietor and MRTIAZOT. Mr. B. Webster.
THIS EVENING, DOMESTIC ECONOMY. Mr. J. L.
Toole, Miss Kate Kelly, Miss A. Seaman. and Miss Stok
After which, at Eight o'clock, AURORA FLOYD. Miss
Avonia Jones, Miss H. Simms, Mrs. Billington ; Mr. Benj.
Webster, Mr. Paul Bedford, Mr. R. Phillips, Mr. Billington,
Slr. Stuart, Mr. Sefton, Mr. Romer, Mr. C. J. Smith.
Commence at 7.

rriffE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN,"
J. Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE,
can be had Every Evening of

G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT,
No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park.

The Weather—Sun Office, April 19, 1863.

THERMOMETER.
Highest since Noon yesterday 57
Lowest during the night ......
This day at Noon ......................... 55
Wind—South •Westerly ; light, with fine weather.
APRIL 20.
THERMOMETER.

Highest since Noon yesterday..... 6O
Lowest during the night
This day at Noon
Wind—S.-Westerly ; light, fine but dull

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DA:T.—Morning, 3h. 21m.—Afternoon, 3h. 40m.
To-moußow.-Morning, 3h. 59m.—Afternoon, 4h. 16m.

743
-,4l,ll7rttpf 1/41'•
et* i) 43.
`'`

LONDON, MONDAY, APRIL 20, 1863.

tion of her kingdom, and the character of her
people. She has long cast envious glances at the
harbour of Kiel, and the Federal connection with
Holstein has encouraged her to hope for
its eventual possession. The amalgamation
of provinces into the acquisition of which
we had better rot look too curiously, makes
her continually uneasy. She would gladly
strengthen her position in the North, and compen-
sate beforehand for possible interference with the
Rhenish provinces. This question will yet come
up to disturb Europe, unless a wiser ruler will re-
model the Kingdom of Prussia, accepting com-
pensation for the surrender of untenable possessions,
and, by putting himself at the head of German
Liberalism, place Prussia in a higher rank among
European Powers than she has ever yet occupied.
As it is, the affairs of Poland have aroused the alarm
of her despotic Government. The interests of Rus-
sia and of Prussia are alike concerned in the suppres-
sion of Polish independence,and are both against the
establishment of a strong Northern Power. Russia
knows that Finland may justly be claimed
iby Sweden should hostilities once begin ; while
Sweden and Denmark both feel that they have
to protect not mere questions of privilege and unim-
portant possessions, but their independence and life
Happily both nations are possessed of able constitu-
tional Sovereigns who have won the confidence of
the people. Their views and interests are as iden-
tical as those of the two despotic rulers who,
whether as autocrat or constitutional king, sway
the destinies of the opposing nations at St.
Petersburgh and Berlin. The wishes of Eng-
land must all be on the side of the free
countries. The resuscitation of Poland, the esta-
blishment of a strong Scandinavian nation
by the addition of Finland to Sweden ; and
the presence of an independent Power in
the Baltic would remove those dangers always
threatening us from Russian ambition, and
would secure us potent allies in the North,
Our dynastic entanglements with Prussia may pos-
sibly hamper the action of our Government, but
the English people will scarcely tolerate any
Cabinet that suffers itself to be involved in the
retrogressive and arbitrary policy of Berlin. One
thing is certain, the peace of Europe will never be
secured until the independence of Denmark is ac-
complished, and the freedom of Poland is won.

As we anticipated, the Danish proclamation, wit
regard to Schleswig-Holstein, fair and temperate as
it was, has failed to satisfy the exorbitant demands
of Prussia. In the Chamber of Deputies on Fri-
i.ay the question was brought forward by HERR
voN TWESTEN, who called upon the Government
to declare the engagements entered into with Den-
mark in 1851 and 1852 to be null and void, espe-
cially that part of them which related to the succes-
sion to the Danish Crown entered into by the
protocol of London. This was certainly bad
enough, since to interfere with the settled succes-
sion to the throne would be an evil of no small
magnitude, and the jealousy with which the Danes
guard the prospects of the youthful heirs to the
kingdom is proved by their reluctance to allow
Prince WILLIAM to accept the Crown of Greece,
although he is not the only brother of the young
heir presumptive. HERR VON TWESTEN, at least,
qualified his proposal by admitting that a verbal
opposition was all that he proposed at present,
since the internal dissensions of the country ren-
dered war impossible. The house itself, he added,
amid the vehement plaudits of the assembled de-
puties, would oppose the employment of hostilities.
This decided language gays HERR VON BISMARS an

The condition of Greenwich Hospital is not at
all satisfactory. After Committees and Commis-
sions have been appointed to inquire into arrange-
ments, a Bill was introduced into both Houses in
1861, but for some trivial reason withdrawn. So

that after the Admiralty had passed resolutions to
"amend the extremely defective Government of
Greenwich Hospital," nothing whatever was done.

It is a matter of serious regret that such faulty
management should prevail in an important place

of this kind. It is at all times unsatisfactory to
learn that sums provided for necessary undertakings

are perverted from their original ends; but to know

,hat those whom we most desire to serve are being

defrauded of their just dues, is enough to raise the
strongest indignation, and make one ask what is
the use of all this paraphernalia of official routine.
In the first place, there is bad management in the

plans adapted for those who receive the "on

pension of Greenwich Hospital." They are

only in receipt of £l7 yearly, which of course
is insufficient for their individual support, with-
_ _

out taking at all into account what would be
required for their wives and families. The
printed reports contain lists of those seamen
who were receiving relief in the unions and parishes
lof England and Wales. Among those obtaining

indoor relief were some who had a right to be ad-
mitted into the hospital at Greenwich. It appears,
from these items of information, that the arrange-
ments are such that this noble institution has far
from realised its mission, and that instead of an

entrance into it being sought after, it is objected
to. It is high time that some stringent inquiry
should be made into the causes that make our
seamen regard as distasteful the spot selected for
a home for their declining years, where a grate•

opportunity of enunciating another of his peculiar
theories of constitutional government. We should
recommend this statesman to embody his doctrines
in a volume for the instruction of succeeding poli-
ticians. He might style it "The Minister" in
ifritation of MAcHiavELLl's "The Prince" and in
it he might lay down the limits of Ministerial
authority And representative submission ; that is to
say, if he thinks the qualities in question should
have any limit at all. His views are certainly too
original and striking to be lost, and the "divine
right " of Prussian kings is fully matched by the
pretensionsof the Cabinet of Berlin. The last dogma
is that " If the Government felt disposed to em•
bark in war, it would do so without the assent of
the house." So then the Prussians rejoice in a
constituent assembly which is neither to control
the expenditure, nor to be asked to give its
assent to peace or war. We should like
to know in what department of the State the in-
terference of the Legislature will be tolerated: We
have yet to learn how iar the advancing Liberal-
ism of Prussia will submit to this dictum. The
unpopularity of the Minister has already assumed
an aspect which threatens him with personal dan-
ger, but the general feeling in Germany will un-
fortunately be less opposed to an attack on the
liberties of Denmark than to any interference with
their own constitutional privileges.

country would be proud to contribute eufeicien

sums to make their existence within its precincts
not only endurable but enjoyable. As usual, in all

places where official routine is the order of the day,
all possible hindrances are put in the way of can-

didates obtaining admission. The restrictions are
not severe, but due care is not taken by the autho-
rities to make them generally known or easy of
attainment to the sailors. It is incumbent on
claimants to present themselves before the Admiralty,
and this arbitrary regulation is in itself a great
barrier to their ingress. It is the more absurd, as
for Chelsea Hospital they examine claims through-

Meanwhile Herr VON BISMARK has assumed an
attitude decidedly hostile to the Danes. The Go-
vernment, he said, would concert with its Federal
allies, especially with Austria, the steps to be take❑
with regard to the Danish proclamation ; Prussia and
Austria having already, according to his statements
forwarded separate protests. The Government of the
XING are, he said, mindful of the action due to the
national honour. This language seems to torbode
storms, while the secret treaty with Russia, so
obstinately withheld from the Chamb,r -very pro-
bably contains a clause stipulating for Russian as-
sistance in case of need. On the other hand the
Scandinavian Powers are preparing for possible
action. According to La France of Saturday the
Swedish government is hastening on the works for

out the kingdom, and the French adopt this excel-
lent means for the Hotel des Invalides. It appears
also from the report of the Royal Commission that
all ranks are confounded, and the " men who have
attained the rank of petty, and even of warrant
officer, are practically disrated and mingled
indiscriminately with the ordinary seamen, and
the refuse of the naval service. Distinguished sea-
men of many years' standing who have been
wounded, maimed in action, or other .vise disabled
on duty, are confounded with others who have
never known active service at all, and who are
rather to be regarded as labourers or as domestic
servants than as seamen." Sir CHARLES NAFIER
has spoken very much to the point on this question.
He says that " Men who have attained the rank of

the reorganisation of the fleet, and for maritime de-
fences. It is rumoured that the fortification of
Carlscona, the chief maritime fort of the country is
being actively carried on, and that the harbour Gill
be rendered capable of sheltering not only
the Swedish fleet but the squadrons of
other nations. Orders have also been given for the
immediate iron plating of four vessels of war and
three frigates. All these preparations are not made
without cause. Sweden's dangerous and aggressive
neighbour has taken offence at the bold and inde-
pendent part assumed by S weden in the Polish ques-
tion. It is rumoured that a body of men has been
moved into Finland, and that the Russian Ambas-
sador at Stockholm has received instructions to de-
mand explanations. However far these rumours
are to be trusted, the aspect of affairs in the North ot
Europe are certainly anything but peaceful. On
the one hand we have Russia bent on crushing
down a noble people, either with the swords of her
-ruthless end infuriated soldiery, or by the aid of
promises made to be.broken ; eager, too, to carry out
the legacy of her great Czar by extending her ter.
Titories in every direction, and grasping at the
Outlying Possessions of her weaker neighbours. On
the same aide is Prussia, inflated with the vain
desire to become a naval Power, a post for which
he is in every way unfitted, alike by the constitu-

M. Boucher de Perthes has recently discovered

n the flint implement bearing beds of Abbeville a

human jaw, indicating a race of small stature, as the coeval

inhabitants of Europe with the mammoth and extinct great

beasts. This discovery has been narrated by M. Boucher
de Perthes himself in a French local newspaper, the account

stating that in a deposit known as the Moulin Quignonlez
Abbeville was a flint implement, accompanied by a human
jaw, both of the same colour, and; as he believes, undoubt-
edly fossil. The objects were deposited about 13 feet below
the surface, and close to the chalk rock which underlies the
tertiary deposits at Abbeville,
INSTITUTE OF PAINTERS IN WATER COLOURS.—
On Friday the Princesses Helena and Louise, attended by
Lady Barrington, Miss Hildeyard, and Capt. Sir W. Hoste,
R.N., honoured the Institute of Painters in Water Colours,
53, Pall-Mall, with their presence to inspect the collection
previously to the Exhibition being opened to the public,

-
MAJOR-GENERAL LINDSAY, M.P.—On Saturday
a dinner was given at Willie's Rooms by the mem-
bers of the United Service Institution to Major-Gon. the
Hon. James Lindsay, M.P. for Oxfordshire, previous to his
departure for Canada, where he is about to take the com-
mand of a brigade of the Guards. General Lindsay has for
a long time held the position of President of the Council of
that institution, and been mainly instrumental in resusci-
tating it and extending its usefulness. Sir John Pakington,
M.P„ occupied the chair, and was supported by Lieut.-
General P. S. Stanhope, Col. North, M.P,, Col. Dunne,
M.P., Admiral Sir G. Back, Colonel the Hon. C. H. Lind-
say, and Col. Sir Thomas Trowbridge. The rest of the com-
pany, which was very numerous, consisted almost entirely
of members of the naval and military profession. After the
customary loyal and constitutional toasts, the chairman, in
proposing " The Health of the Guest of the Evening," said,
the members of the institution could not allow Gen. Lind-
say to proceed on his honourable mission to a distant land
without giving him some further assurance of their respect
and goodwill, and expressing a hope that health and good
fortune might await him there. He then referred to the
invaluable services he had rendered to the institution, and
concluded by asking the company to drink the toast in a
bumper. General Lindsay replied in an appropriate speech,
in the course of which he said his object had been to render

ha institution practically useful to the army and navy, and

to convert its museum into an entirely professional one.
Other toasts followed, including "The Chairman," and
" The Institution," and the company separated at a rather
late hour. The band of the Guards, under the direction of
Mr. Godfrey, played in the vestibule during the evening.
BRITISH MUSEUM.—The number of visitors to
the British Museum in 1862 amounted to 895,077,
an increase of 253,191 over the number in 1861. But in
1851, the first Exhibition year, there were above 2,500,000.
The number of persons attending the reading room was not
quite so large in 1862 as in 1851. It averaged 419 a day,
and each reader consulted on an average ten volumes in the
day. The total number of articles received for the library in
1862, including broadsides and ballads, was 73,929. The
acquisitions in all departments of the museum were numer-
ous and important, The department of antiquities re-
ceived, besides many other things, some valuable objects
discovered in the excavations at Camirus, in the island of
Rhodes. 1,858 coins and medals were procured in the
course of the year. Rare and acceptable additions have
accrued to all the departments of natural history through
the International Exhibition ; the total number of speci-
mens acquired in the year was 28,873; but the cry for more
space continues. About 13,000 specimens were added to
the zoological collection. The sum of £22,536 was ex-
pended on purchase and acquisitions, but every department
was also enriched by gifts. _ _

A ROYAL SIAMESE NOTICE OF DEATH.—The fol.

lowing circular has been prepared azd addressed
by the King of Siam to his friends, on the bereavement ex-
perienced by tho royal family of Siam through the death
of Prince Brom Mu'n Visnunath':—" The sad and mourn-

ful circular from His Gracious Majesty Somdetch Phra
Paramendr Maha Mongkut, the reigning supreme King of
Siam, intimating the death of His Majesty's most affec

tionate, well-beloved, and lamented royal second son, His
Royal Highness Prince Krom Mu'n Visnunarth', whose
loss is now mournfully sustained by His Majesty and the
royal family, and the principal members of the govern-
ment of Siam. * This Prince Supratith, the head
of the household and treasurer of his royal father,
for his goodness, honesty, and faithfulness in the ful-
filment of his duties, &c. because more affectionate and well-
beloved to his royal father, and the royal family; and for
his courtesy, circumspection, &c., he was pleased and be-
loved by every member of the Siamese Government and

people in general, both native and foreign, so in the year
1856 he was required unanimously by council of govern-
ment to be appointed superintendent of the great govern-
ment treasury entitled with the dignified title of his Royal
Highness Prince Krom Mu'n Visnunarth Nibhadhorn,
He, with funds being his own property, entered into some.:
trading business, and being much represented by merch-
ants in general, both native and foreign, almost every
one of the farmers of the government duties in various
things and the collectors of revenue, have made over some
private portions to him more than to other princes of Siam,
consequently he became fortunately the richest prince in
Siam, and the most prosperous. * * Whilst he was
on board his steamer anchored on the lake or inundation
before the city of Lavo, on the night of the 3d November,
he was attacked with strong bodily affliction, which com.
penal him to return home before his royal father, who,
after hearing of the sickness of his son, followed him
to Bangkok the next day. During the month of Nevem•
her the Prince was very ill and daily growing worse.
The Prince, knowing of his approaching and inevitable
death, called a writer to make out his last will, assigning
certain portions of his property to be distributed among
his eleven children and wives, and one of the nephews,
being his elder brother's son, who had been long under his
care, and a certain portion to be consecrated to the rnonas-
t ry belonging to himself, now remaining in progress of
building for the Buddhist religious service, and the remain-
der, being the greatest part of his property, was offered and
delivered to his esteemed royal father, the supreme King
of Siam, as he trusted that the King would attend well to
his funeral setvice, and subsequently favour his family
and kindred. The Prince then requested his father to sit
at the side of his head, and his elder brother at the left
side, and talked with them distinctly and intelligibly
until the last minutes of his life, saying that he was
not sorry, because he knew that this path must be fol-
lowed by every human being, and that his life was ren-
dered short from the sickness to which his body had been
subject since his youth, &c. ; and solicited pardon from his
father and elder brother for his certain mistake during his
life, and took leave of his father, brothers, and sisters, and
his own family, in respectful and regardful tone until his
last word. At eight o'clock p.m. en Thursday, December
4, 1862, his eyes became turned up, his speech was gone,
and only a slight breathing continued. Eight or ten
minutesme ni
IcaAyef
t,teopvrr
heaionheemi
dneg
present days
ioeaguyhlrose'
gtfcphtel
priest
moat
Prince's
rsr
iotpont
mournful
the Prince expired,
elder
ownd.ePr r
family,
brother,sSrsusi
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nemamf
and
remains
and
si
sister,
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and
eefpnattt
lamenting.
gri
as,.
royal urn at his residence, according to the Siamese royal
custom,w l al waitinge
placethe preparations foonr
month
funeralsofApi
il coerr eAmiao nyo;
which
the ensuing year, * * His Majesty trusts that ythis
news will produce great emotion in the breasts of those who
are under good religious feelings, teaching them that there
is an eternal life, as they may see that death comes to every
etrhya that age,
region,friend woril Iplbaeceglaandd tote-
of His Majesty's true friendship
one of mankind i,pnarnoeodsf-
swt
irwAtvhaeocr Itch; epte exception,
113Tkft jooooosnr. "
THE NORTH-EASTERN RAILWAY.
—On Thursday night the passengers by the last
train from York to Scarborough were very greatly alarmed
by a succession of heavy thumps given by the train when
at full speed near Killington. It seems the men in tilt
service of Mr. George Tindall, a farmer at Marr-house,
were driving several horses across the line after dark, three
of which broke away and took down the line for a long dis-
tance. The night was thick, and the driver did not see these
horsesthem
werei l l uokopfmnioto,
hnhicekest
horses
lopdoeat morsdsse.e
wsnlokngAoiell,rlleas clearthe
of horsesthe
rails,w e
and killed,th et two
ird
was cut in pieces. Fortunately
d,noa,tahttshehaeeo,
,ttt,rharaaleiuirnllas didnr notegbv or brought
hunter,tuehave the
rbiaesiolws Omr to Onehref. r
were much alarmed, as the Whitby train was folglohaawbtidiu°nuptgol,
close behind and the night was foggy and dark,

petty officers on board ship should have some rank
analogous to the same rank reserved to them when
admitted ; once being made a petty officer, he
should be always a petty officer unless he should
be tried by court-martial and broken. He ought not
to be disrated by the circumstance of being in
Greenwich Hospital, any more than a lieutenant
should be disrated and made a midshipman. This
system is rife with annoyance, and productive of the
tfha
er
pa se
erhelgi
aarr ds
feelingsm e eti nogt
most
yideewpaloaranbdlegrreastuiflytsinsgo
the
the class for whose benefit the institution was
designed. The men who are called boatswains of
the hospital, and
whose duty it is to maintain
order, are selected because they can read and
write and bear a good character, and not at all
for their rank in the service.
Sir J. GRAHAM, with his usual acumenand
thein
telli
Bence, thus described the influence that
various grades of distinction exercise over seamen
"The naval profession is remarkable for the de-
ference shown even in civil and social life by
junior officers to senior officers, and it is wil-
lingly paid by the junior officers, and I think
it is almost exacted by the senior officers."
It may wall be asked, then, why impose rules and
regulations that are known to be in direct opposi-
tion to the innate ideas of all in the service, and the
carrying out of which is sure to militate against the
harmony and good feeling that should always
reign paramount in such places.
It would almost appear as if the ruling motive of
all who have had any voice in the arrangements
had been to deter as many as possible from entering
into Greenwich Hospital and to retain as few pen-
sioners in doors as they can. Another crying evil
is the increase in the salaries of the officers. W ithin
the last hundred years the cost of the military and
medical officers has risen threefold, while that of the
pensioner has remained unchanged. The best satire

on these proceedings is contained in this fact, that LATEST INTELLIGENCE,
"between the years 1805 and 1859 the number of
pensioners in the hospital fell from 2,410 to (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)
1,676, while the cost of the establishment
was much more than doubled, relatively to the
number of pensioners it was more than
trebled during the above period. Let us trust that
due attention will be paid to this question, and that
no inertness on the part of the Government, and no
indifference on the part of the Houses of Parliament,
will prevent the most searching inquiries being
made and the right of the matter being summarily
established. It is too much to be endured that sums
should be squandered on overpaid officials, while
those whom the institution was founded to support
are neglected, and their wives and children, to
benefit whom was another object of its creation, are
left totally unprovided for. It may be too late in
many cases to repair the errors committed, but for
the honour of our country, let there be no more,
and let the defenders of our most sacred rights not
be overlooked. These men have braved the perils
of battles and storms ; they have endured hardships
in every climate to protect our hearths and altars;
and it is not the demand of charity but the voice of
justice that calls aloud for the vindication of their
rights and the due consideration of their claims.

PRUSSIA.

BERLIN, APRIL 18.

The commercial treaty between Prussia and Bel-
gium was adopted to-day in the Chamber of De-
puties. Only two members of the Catholic party
voted against it.
The next sitting of the Chamber will take place
on Wednesday next, when the discussion will com-
mence on the Ministerial Responsibility Bill.
The Nord Deuteh Zeitung of to-day says:—°' As
the Czar's amnesty doubtless applies also to the
insurgents who have crossed over into Prussian
territory, it may be expected that arrangements
will be made for their release.

THE BRAZIL MAILS.
BORDEAUX, APRIL 19.
The Messageries Imperilles steamer, with 'the
Brazil mails has arrived here.

ettr,'At,"
Ar) 44 4
st.p, EN
it
itritigar
-

HER MAJESTY.

WINDSOR CASTLE, April 18.

The Queen, accompanied by their Royal High-
nesses Princess Hslena and Princess Louise, drove
out yesterday afternoon, attended by the Equerry
in Waiting. _ _

Their Royal Highnesses Prince Leopold and
Princess Beatrice took a carriage airing.

Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cam-
bridge and Princess Mary visited her Majesty this
morning.
Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess
of Wales, attended by the Hon. Mrs. Bruce, the
Hon. Mrs. Stonor, Lieut.-Gen. Knollys, and Capt.
Grey, arrived at the Castle in the afternoon.
The Hon. Caroline Cavendish and the Hon. Flora
Macdonald have succeeded the Hon. Horatia Stop-
ford and the Hon. Harriet Phipps as Maids of
Honour to the Queen. _ _ _

Her Majesty, accompanied by their Royal High-
nesses the Princess of Wales and Princess Helena,
drove out in a carriage and four in the afternoon,
attended by Col. the Hon. A. Hardinge on horse-
back.

His Serene Highness Prince Leiningen, the Arch-
bishop of York, the Right Hon. W. and Mrs. Glad-
stone, and Dr, Armstrong, R.N., arrived at the
Castle.

Mr, Gladstone had an audience of the Queen.

April 19.

The Queen, the Prince and Princess of Wales,
Prince Alfred, Princess Helena, Princess Louise,
Prince Leopold, Prince Louis of Hesse, Prince
Leiningen, and the Ladies and Gentlemen in Wait-
ing, attended Divine service this morning in the
private chapel.
The Archbishop of York preached the sermon.

FASHIONABLE ARRANGEMENTS.
To-Monnow —The Countess Apponyi's dance.
WEDNESDAY.—Mrs. Gladstone's assembly; Levee by
the Feld Marshal Commanding in Chief.
THURsDAY.—Lady Chelmsford's assembly; Lady liar-
Het Seymour's second assembly.
FRIDAY.—The Narchioness Townshend's first dance.

FURTHER ARRANGEMENTS.
APRI 27.—Lady Harry Vane's first dancing party.
APRIL 29.—Lady de Rothschild's dance.
MAY I.—Lady Egerton of Tatton's ball.
MAY 2.—The President of the Royal Society's conver
sazione.

MAY 4.—Lady Chelmsford's second assembly; Lady
Harry Vane's second dancing party.
MAY 11.—Mrs. Washington Hibbert's first ball, Dover-
street.

MAY 13.—Levee by the Prince of Wales on behalf of the
Queen.

MAY 16.—Drawing-room by the Princess of Wales on
behalf of the Queen.
MAY 20.—The Derby day.
MAY 22.—The Oaks day.
JUNE 2.—Aecot races commence.
JUNE 4.—The Cup day.
JuxE 6.—Celebration of her Majesty's birthday.
JUNE 22 —Mr. Benedict's annual grand morning con-
cert at St. James's Hall—to commence at two o'clock.


It is currently reported in Court circles that the
Prince and Princess of Wales will, ere long, re-
move from Marlborough House to Kensington Palace, and
there can be no doubt that, with a judicious outlay of
money, which might be carried on annually, Kensington
could be made one of the finest Royal domains in the
United Kingdom. It is quiet ; in a good air ; and, though
it is a palace, no tragical history is connected with it—all
of which considerations give it a sort of homely-fireside
character, which seem to represent the domestic side of
Royalty itself, and thus render an interesting service to
what is not always so well recommended by cost and splen-
dour.—Court Journal.

His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge
honoured the Earl and Countess of Malmesbury by his com-
pany at dinner on Saturday last, at their mansion in Strat-
ford-place. Thare were present to meet the royal duke
the Princess of Obrenovich of Servia, Maria Marchioness
of Ailesbury, the Marquis and Marchioness de Cadore, the
Earl and Countess Vane, the Earl of Coventry, the Coun-
tess of Tankerville, Viscount and Viscountess Royston,
General and Lady Alice Peel, Mr. and Mrs. H. B Baring,
and Colonel Tyrwhitt (in attendance on the Duke of Cam-
bridge).

His Royal Highness the Field Marshal Com•
manding in-Chief will hold a leveo at 1 o'clock on Wed
nesday next.

LITERATURE,

Lzfe anzong Convicts. By Charles B. Gibson,
M.R.1.A., Chaplain in the Convict Service. 2
vole. Hurst and Blackett.
This work appears at a very opportune moment.
The treatment of our convicts now occupies a large
share of the public attention, and all concerned in
that momentous question may peruse with interest
and ponder over with benefit the very valuable in-
formation and the very useful suggestions laid
before them by Mr. Gibson. Many will differ from
the author's opinions. For that he is of course pre
pared. The convict system is one of the " open
questions" of the day, but all his readers, or we are
very much mistaken, will be delighted with the
book and with its author. Throughout we feel that
we are listening to a philanthropist and to a gentle-
man, and when we differ from him we do so with
respect. A store of information of most varied cha-
racter is collected in these two volumts, and this
information is conveyed in the most pleasant and
lucid manner possible, mingled with sketches, anec-
dotes, and descriptions of men and manners. For
this style of narrative Mr. Gibson is happily quali-
fied. He is gifted with keen powers of perception
and with a quiet appreciation of the humorous. In
proof of which we may adduce the following de-
scription—a description which affords a brief sum-
mary of the peculiarities of the Irish system:—
" Whose farm is that, sir " inquired a poor hind, as he
looked on a number of convicts at work on Lusk Com-
mon.
"That farm belongs to the Queen," was the reply.
" Blood-a-nagers, de ye tell me so—though I thought it
something uncommon. The men looked so well-dressed. I
wonder is these their Sunday clothes ?"
.6 N o, they wear these clothes every day."
"They must get good wages."
"Board, lodging, and clothes, and half-a-crown a week
for pocket money."
" Very good, upon my conscience. Now would it be hard
to get a week's work there ?"
" Not without qualifying."
" What's that ?"
" Did you ever steal a sheep ?"
" God forbid 1"
" Nor a cow, nor a horse
"Neither one nor the other."
"Nor rob a gentleman's house at night ?"
" Do you take me for a thief or robber ?"
"For neither; but you must do something of that kind
be`ore you can get emuloyment on that farm."
"You are a quare gentleman," said the hind, scratching
his head.
" But lam in earnest, man. The well-dressed labourers
you see on that common are thieves, housebreakers, and
pickpockets "
" Are you in earnest, sir ? Sure if that was known,
they'd be put in prison."
" That's a prison."
"Is it the open common ? Ayeh, don't be making a
fool of me."
" I give you my honour that these men are prisoners—
not yet discharged, though near it."
" Then, be japers, there is sense in what you say about
staling a sheep"—walking off with a new idea in his
head.
" Come back here, my good fellow."
"Well, sir ?"
" I told you you would have to qualify to get in
there."

The Marquis of Hastings has arrived at 25, St.
James's-place, for the season,
The Marquis of Bath has taken the Countess of
Caledon's mansion on Carleton-house-terrace for the sea-
son. The noble marquis takes posPession on the Ist prox
The Countess of Suffolk and Lady Isabella
Howard have left Farrance's Hotel for Charlton Park, near
Malmesbury. .

The Earl and Countess of Erne and Lady Louisa
Crichton have arrived in Town from their seat in Ireland.

The DArl and Countess of Longford have arrived
at Piercy's Hotel, 31, Dover-street.
Viscount and Viscountess Stratford de Redcliffe
and the Misses Canning are expected to arrive in Grosve-
nor-square at the close of this or early in the ensuing
month, from Nice. We learn that the health of the noble
viscount is quite restored.
Lord Stanley, 114. P., leaves town this morning
for Knowsley-park, near Liverpool, to attend to his duties
as chairman of the local sessions. _ _ .

"Yes, be staling a sheep, or a cow, or a horse, or break-
ing into a gintleman's house."
" Yes, but there is another qualification."
" What's that ?''
"You must first b 3 confined in a solitary cell, for nine
months, in a prison they call Mountjoy."
Itlountjoy! Ayeh."
"And then sent to Spike."
" Spike ! What's that ?"
" You would not like to be spiked. Eli ?
" What is it, sir ?"
" A desolate i-land, near Cork, where you will work under
a truck like a jackass. So if you should ever think of steal-
ing, you must not say that 1 deceived you."
" I'm obleged to you, sir," said the poor hind, touching his
old caubeen, and walking off muttering, " Honesty is best
after all."
But he did not learn this lesson at Lusk, but from the
bird's-eye view he got of the prisons of Mountjoy and
Spike Island.
When alluding to the comparative number of
convicts in England and Ireland, Mr. Gibson re-
marks that "England is half a century before Ire-
land in the social development of many of the arts
and sciences. My modesty, as an Irishman, induces
me to concede her the palm in highway robbery,
burglary, and even in the minor department of
picking pockets." But then he ingenuously adds
that " Ireland is a poor country, and does not pre-
sent to thieves and pickpockets the same scope for
the exercise of their profession." In Eng-
land there are ten Convict Prisons, male
and female, including the juvenile prison of
Parkhurst. In Ireland there are four male
Convict Prisons and one female. In both systems the
prisoners begin with eight or nine months' cellular
and separate confinement, in England, at Penton-
ville or Millbank ; in Ireland, at Mountjoy, on the
Circular Road, Dublin. They are then sent to the
Public Works' Prisons, at Chatham or Portland in
England, or at Spike Island in Ireland. In Eng-
land, when the term of sentence has expired, or
been diminished by a ticket of leave, the convict is
set at liberty. In Ireland, he goes to the interme-
diate prison of Lusk. Here the prisoners work on
the common, like agriculturists on a farm, as de-
scribed above, and are under police surveillance.
This intermediate prison constitutes the main diffe-
rence between the English and Irish systems, and
" is just now," says Mr. Gibson, " in high feather
with the public." Although connected with the
Irish system himself, the rev. gentleman does not
approve of the intermediate prison. " We do not ad-
mire these appendages to the English system," he
says; "we prefer the simpler machinery of Sir
Joshua Jebb ; but as Sir Walter Crofton asserts he
can produce a finer article by the operation of his
intermediate prison and police surveillance, the
public will judge of the merits of the systems by
their results." To police surveillance Mr. Gibson
objects that it is " un-English," and quotes from a
writer in Blackwood, who exclaims, "Let the thing
called police surveillance continue to be so strange
to us that we use a foreign word when we speak of
it." In discussing weighty matters of this kind, it
does not do to be alarmed by epithets, however
opprobrius. Do we not all of us live under the pro-
tecting influence c.f police surveillance ? Should we
any of us, even including the writer in .Blackwood,
sleep more soundly in our beds if the surveillance
of the police were abolished for a single hour? In
like manner we have been told that the Ballot is
un-English, to which we inquire, by way of reply,
if corruption and bribery are English P
Let it be asserted that police surveil
lance is un-English, what then is garotting ? A
French lady hearing au English friend lament that
the word ennui did not occur in the national
vocabulary, exclaimed, with a commiserating shrug
—" What does that signity, as you have the thing!"
" Puisque vous avez la chose !" The English or
un-English signification of mere words is imma-
terial. We must look to facts, and only expo
rience can enable us to arrive at a wise decision.
The case is one of great difficulty. Mr. Gibson
reminds us that intermediate prisons and the colo
nial arrangement of police supervision have not
answered. Ho recommends as the happiest solution
tor the difficulty the emigration of the liberated
convict. In a new world, With his former tempta-
tions removed, and free from the stigma which at
home would for ever clieg to him, the chanc.ls are
certainly in favour of the redemption of the crimina,.
As a free emigrant, he is in a very different posi-
tion to that of a transported felon, and if it is
" never 103 late to mend," in a new country he
may become a new man again. If it be a risk,
even there, what must it be in the old worlo P
The interests of the individual criminal are of
tittle importance, as compared to the interests of
society, but in this ease those interests are iden-
tical—the reformation of the one and the pre
servation of the many may be thus simultaneously
ensured. In alluding to the recent panic in the
public mind in consequence of the garotters, Mr.
Gibson wisely remarks—" It is not necessary, for
the safety of the ship, to throw John Howard
overboard ; and I venture to predict that the Bog-
tish nation will never do it." Among the miscel-
laneous matters of interest introduced in the
course of these volumes is an account of the
trial of Kirwan for the murder of his wife, and
*a very interesting extract from the prison jour-

The Dowager Lady Clinton arrived at her house
in St. Jamee's-place on Saturday from Torquay, where hor
ladyship has been passing the winter.
The Marquis and Marchioness de Gibacon and
family have taken their departure from the Brunswick,
Jermyn-street, for Paris, on their way to Spain.
The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Mrs.
Gladstone left town on Saturday for Windsor Castle, on a
visit to the Queen.

PARLIAMENTARY DINNER.—The Right Hon. B.
Disraeli gave a parliamentary dinner on Saturday,
at his residence, Grosvenor-gate. There were present--The
Earl of Tankerville, the Earl Stanhope, the Earl of Hard-
wicke, Lord George Gordon Lennox, Lord Henry Thynne
Lord Colville, the Hon. W. Addington, Mr. Selwyn, Mr.
Cumming Bruce, Mr. Gathorne Hardy, Major Edwards,
Mr. Hubbard, Mr. W. Ormsby Gore, Mr. Kekewich, Mr.
Perry Watlington, Mr. Mitford, and Mr. Powell, The Earl
of Verulam was prevented from dining with the right lion,
gentleman by a domestic affliction.
The funeral of the Countess dowager of Vernlam
takes place on Wednesday, when her body will be de-
posited in the family vault in St. Michael's Church, St.
Alban's.

FUNERAL OF SIR GEORGE CORNEIVALL LEWIS.—
The remains of the lamented statesman were on
Saturday consigned to their final resting-place among the
tombs of his fathers at Old Radnor. The funeral was as
unostentatious in character as was the public and private
life of the deceased s atesman, and had this peculiarity, that
all who attended appeared as mourners. Among them were
the Earl of Clarendon, Earl Russell, Earl de Grey and
Ripon, the Right Hon. C. Pelham Villiers, Mr. Vernon
Harcourt, Mr. Lister, Sir Velters Cornewall, Sir Gilbert
Lewis, and Mr. Herbert Lewis. About 100 horsemen pre-
ceded the hearse containing the body of the deceased, fol-
lowed by his carriage and those of the distinguished
moutners and the gentry of the neighbourhood. The coffin
was of massive oak, enclosing a shell, and covered with
black cloth, having a brass plate thereon with the follow-
ing inscription :—" The Right Hon, Sir George C. Lewis,
Bart., died April 13, 1863, aged 57 years." The deceased
baronet was, however, eight days under that age. The im-
menso concourse of people present testified by their de-
meanour that their regret for the loss of this estimable

statesman was universal and sincere. No landlord was
ever more liberal to his tenants than Sir George, and his
benefactions to the neighbourhood were something fabulous,
considering his means. Business was suspended in Here-
ford, Kington, Knighton, Presteign, Radnor, and other
towns during the early part of Saturday.

DEATH OF MR. APSLEY PELLATT.—Mr. Apsley
Pellatt died at the residence of his brother-in-law,
Mr. Field, at Balham-hill, near Croydon, at a late hour on
Friday night. The deceased was for several years the mem-
ber for the borough of Southwark in the House of Com
mons as the colleague of the late Admiral Sir Chas. Napier.
He was defeated by Mr. Locke, Q.C., the present member.
During the period that Mr. Apsley Pellatt represented the
borough he was a staunch supporter of the Liberal party.
He was in his 72d year.
THE THRONE OF GREECE.—A letter from the
Piraeus of the 11th inst. states that the commission-
ers appointed to proceed to Copenhagen to offer the crown
of Greece to the Danish Prince are—Admiral Canaria, De-
metrius Grivas, the hero of the insurrection at Nauplia, and
Zainio, son of a celebrated statesman, President of the Pro-
visional Government in 1826, and possessing great influence
in the Peloponessus. The commissioners left that day for
Trieste. The writer adds that the entire produce of the
customs, since the departure of the King, has been absorbed
by the army, and that if the new King does not bring with
him an auxiliary force of 2,500 men, he cannot depend on
the existing army to obey him any more than they obeyed
020 Proyibional (ioyerurneut.

nal of John Mitchell, the Irish rebel, describing
his arrival at Bermuda and subsequent adventures.

7wo Months in the Confederate States. By an
English Merchant. pp. 299. Richard Bentley.
Another moat opportune peep into the Confede-
rate States is here afforded to all of us stay-at-
homes, through the keen eyes of this observant
Englishman. The work, it will be seen by its
very title, appears annnymously. Whoever the
merchant may be, we know not. That he is a travel-
ler without prejudice the volume before us attests.
When, however, we have said that he is throughout
consistently and quite unmistakeably an English-
man, we have virtually hinted that his " pro-
clivities" trend towards the South, rather
than towards the North ; that the Federals are akin
to him in all except their antagonism to slavery ;
and that even in regard to that reputed antagonism
to slavery he can find nothing to awaken his
sympathies in the manner of its manifestation. It
would be hardly extravagant to assert, indeed, that
if any one thing has tended, more directly than
another, to alienate England from the Government
at Washington, it has been the incident for ever
painfully associated with the Ist of January:
that namely by which Mr. Lincoln, almost
one might say infamously, certainly very
meanly pronounced in favour of Emancipation
as to render that movement very like a direct signal
for a servile war. The manner, the purport, the
drift of that Proclamation of the President's upon
New Year's Day, can never be remembered without
a feeling very nearly akin to that of scorn, by all
except those who are fairly infatuated in regard to
the North and everything relating to the Nor-
thern Government. Mr. Bright, Mr. Thomas
Hughes, and a few others who think with
them, have stood all (along as they stand
at this moment) isolated among the mass of their
fellow-countrymen--the latter looking with disdain
upon the anti-slavery policy, tardily revealed by the
Cabinet at Washington, and with abhorrence upon
the more conspicuous creatures put forth as the
champions of that degraded cause since the out-
break of this dreadful civil war : men like General
Butler and the Rev. Mr. Beecher, and persons of
that ruthless and fanatical stamp. Setting forth upon
his travels early in last October, the writer left Now
York for New Orleans on board the Marion, and, in
point of fact, his book will be found to consist chiefly
of a record of his notes while sojourning at New
Orleans during its ruthless and execrable domination
under Gen. Butler aforesaid. Scarcely has the steam
ship drawn alongside the Quay at New Orleans,
when the English Merchant who is aboard of her,
" taking notes," finds himself jostled in the crowd
hurrying from shore along the gangway, by a Fede-
ral officer in undress. " This Federal officer," he
adds, " I found, was no less a personage than
General Butler himself, who had come from his
office (where be was usually to be found as soon as
day dawned, and often sooner) to meet his wife,
Rho, it seemed, had been our fellow-passenger,
though very few of us knew it. He seemed a spare
man, of middle height, quick and nervous in his
movements, and, at a glance, very much more like
a lawyer than a soldier. His face is distinguished
by nothing more unusual than what the boys called
a 'cock' eye ; and with its thin compressed lips,
livid complexion, almost, if not entire, absence of
beard, moustache, or whisker, and thin grey
hair thrown back over his ears, impressed
me simply as the face of a restless, earnest,
decided, and possibly abrupt man; but with no
special bias towards, nor familiarity with, evil,
rather than as that of the cruel, cunning, unprin-
cipled scoundrel which, by common consent, so
many millions of people believe him to be. I
could not help looking almost with pity on that
one unarmed man, for whose blood a whole nation
was thirsting; who is never spoken of by half his
own countrymen but as ' the beast ;' who is pro-
bably hated more intensely than any other living
man, and by more people; and against who
dying quietly in his own bed there are so many
toid chances." Later on, he says, very forcibly,
and we believt, quite accurately, that he himself is
perfectly well satisfied " that General Butler's
conduct has by intensifying the feeling of
the Confederates, been as good as 60,000 addi-
tional troops arrayed against the Union cause."
When he has advanced as far as Richmond, in his
travels southward, the writer, having occasion to
speak of a very different personage indeed, to wit,
President Jefferson Davis, opens his remarks
upon that eminent personage in the manner fol-
lowing :—" Beyond any doubt," he says, "President
Davis sways at this moment a more unquestioned
and absolute power than any other ruler in the
civilized world; and it is to his honour, that no
publ;c act can thus far be pointed at, which has
had any other than a national object, to be gained
at the least possible cast of liberty, treasure, and
blood. Whatever the enemies of the leaders Of
this rebellion can say against their acts up to
the time when Secession occurred, it is unde-
niable that since that time their conduct has
been disinterested, pure, and self-devoted."
Other notabilities 3f the South are sketched in, with
a ready and facile pencil, by the English Merchant
out on his travels, note-book in hand—General Lee
amongst the number, and, as a pure matter of
course, almost we might say of necessity, General
" Stonewall" Jackson, the religious-hearted and
the beloved ! Glimpses alone though they
are that W 3 have yet been enabled to
obtain of the men and the doings, there, in the
Confederate States of North America, there is one
peculiarity among them all that clearly enough de'
monstrates their general accuracy and truthfulness*
They all harmonise the one with the other. The/
are all "in keeping," They are all perfectly consist-
ent. Insomuch that, perceiving them as we here dof
and have done all along, only by fits and starts, a°
it were, and at most uncertain intervals, we have
nevertheless come already to be familiar wits
the chief personages in that Southern drama'
Who amongst us, is there, who has not already rev
lined to himself quite clearly, and as if throagS
a binocular stereoscope, the individuality of Men
of Mark there amongst that throng of Confede
rate Heroee—Men of Mark like Lee, and Davis, and
Jackson ? As helping us to a glance through a YeV
clearer lens than any furnished us by the NertS
as a medium through which to examine the!
people, that is,the Chiefs of the,Federals—th& Eng iisP
Merchant has done us all good service by penning
and publishing his present lively and graphic re;
collections of what he saw and heard there in 03
more southwardly parts of the Seat of War. M
truthful record of an honest man's observations 0
men and things as they are, or at any rats as Ode
appeared to him to be, these pages are worthy
being read, and read, too, confidingly.

The Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian of Austril
is preparing for publication a description of his Weil(
journey to Brazil, undertaken chiefly for the studY °
natural history.
A Life of the poet land, with numerous 0;
published works and letters, is preparing for the press
Dr. Fr. N otter, of Stuttgart.
ABBATE JACOBO BE
RNARDI, of Florence, is 9bo
0$
giving to the world a number of unpublished lotted
be"
Alfieri, discovered in family archives. The work will of
dedicated to the city of Asti, in Piedmont, the b. thplacc
rr

the great poet,
LEVIATHAN.—The Record once gravely vitli;
tamed that the description of the Leviathan in ";11,
was a prophecy of ths Great Eastern. It might, with Will; •
more plausibility, refer it to the iron-plated steam vest e
" His scales are his pride, shut up together as with a c•-,80
seal—one is so near to another that nu air can come 1)00°4;
them. When he raiseth himself up the mighty are 011111
by reason of breakings they purify themselves ; he esteel/3-0$
iron as straw, and brass as rotten wood. The arrow CaptCP
make him flee; strong stones are turned with hi°' kletl)-
stubble. He maketh the deep to boil like a pot, he 033i110
the sea like a pot of ointment; he maketh a path to 6'
alter him ; he maketh the deep to be nuary."
the tIV
SUDDEN DEATH.—Another instanc9 oftif
certainty of life occured last evening to au eltleibe
man named Edwards, hackney carriage attendant ftteer
Horns, Kennington, who fill down dead whilst ale ;134
formance of his duty. The deceased had been in the 9-
and the police force, and unfortunately leaves a wife„:ant
six children. He was a very steady and industrious the
THE LATE FATAL ACCIDENT.--The body °,ffp,
I young man Abraham Abrahams was yesterday foal" live
ing in the river off Lambeth-pier. The deceased, it v41,00$
recollected, was one of the unfortunate persons in Ole pip%
which was sunk by coming in contact last Sunday
with the 'Victoria steamer off Hungerford-pier.