The Sun.
London, England, 1863-09-18 00:00:00

the advantage, and the whole system of New York
and Pennsylvania railway and canal companies have
of late been greatly enriched at the expen e of the
true interests no less of the West than a' the com-
merce of the whole world. It is computed that
while:the freight of a bushel of corn from Chicago to
Liverpool by the Canada line only comes to 49c.,
the freight of the same merchandise from Chicago to
Liverpool by the New York line costs no less than
540. The length of the voyage by the first line and
by sailing vessels is only 20 to 22 days ; by the
other route it is 36 to 40 days.
It is found, moreover, that both the St. Lawrence
and the Hudson River lines are sadly inadequate to
the wants of the Western trade; and I have heard
Western men, both at Cincinnati and here, com-
plain that the interruption of the Mississippi trade
consequent upon the civil war had occasioned an
obstruction in their exports that all the activity of
the Northern and Western lines could not remove.
I have been told that whole mountains of Western
corn and meat were kept waiting for weeks and
months at the wharves of the canals and at the rail-
way stations at Erie and Buffalo, waiting for an out,
let through the overtasked means of communication
on the New York lines. There is no end, also, to
the complaint of these Westerners as to the extor-
tion, ill-faith, and downright knavery of those New
York companies; and I know of one instance of a
merchant whose corn, which was valued at 75c. per
bushel at Chicago, was sold at 74c. per bushel at
New Yorli—a phenomenon for which he was at a
loss to account, until he found out by inquiry
that
the rogues at the Buffalo elevators had substituted
their own third-rate stuff instead of the prime article
which he had intrusted to their conveyance.
The imperfect, insufficient, and " over-sharp"
means of communication which were opened in
New York for the exportation of Western pro-
duce, made these Westerners not a little fretful at
the war which closed their natural outlet of
thewas
bMegisianinssinipgptio against them tphaetmien;
unthtoe
thcvl war
eisievereet
test; and had the fall of Vicksburg and Port
Hudson been put off for five or six months
longer
ti
nt
ei so ldo isffii cgu
ol tf
tt
ho e say'B tos what
sppdesperate
i might
lution
not
ha v e
driven the great West;notwithstanding the large
demands for provisions occasioned by the wasteful
war and the very brisk market opened for Western
corn and meat for home consumption. Vicksburg
and Port Hudson are fallen, and steamers are now
plying with tolerable safety along the Mississippi.
But these people enjoyed a market no less than a
way of transit for their goods in the South, and the
condition of the Southern States is still such as to
give little hope for the speedy restoration of busi-
ness in those quarters. I have a private letter from
New Orleans before me, the tone of which is any thing
but cheering for Western interests, and as it comes
from Republican sources, it is less liable to the im-
putation of unfair spirit or wilful exaggeration.
" After a voyage of discovery," it says,--
"We find all business, except Government business,
very dull. There are no strangers at the hotels, as there
used to be; there is no produce on the levee or in store ;
there is no money, and trade cannot be resumed to any
great extent for a long time. There are none left to buy.
The place now is scarce larger than Chicago. Many of the
wealthy are gone ; the poor bare been compelled to seek
bread elsewhere. There is no labour to be done, no com-
merce to employ. None of the resources of the past are
fruitful now. The system of labour heretofore used on the
plantation has been swept away and none other substituted
in its place. The rebels have taken most of the ablebodied
negro men, and we the rest; and only women are now left
to do the labour. It will take years to regulate these
matters and recover our prosperity. All things arc done,
seemingly, that can be done, to make it onerous to the citi-
zen, unpleasant to the visitor, and unprofitable to the specu-
lator—particularly is this true of all people and things that
come down the river. There has been a settled policy
against the West, though we win all the battles that are
won, supply immense material of war in men and food ;
have been robbed by our friends : still we suffer impositions
that no other people would bear. . . . There is no dis-
tinction made between the loyal and di-loyal who arrive
here by river. One party had to take the oath of allegi-
ance before they could land even."
And again, further,—
" Of business there is none, except a very small retail
trade. No cotton on he levee, no sugar or molasses, all us
clean as a parade ground. But few ships, no steamers, only
one or two men-of-war. What a change! This movement
was to enrich the South, and place her the brightest, richest
gem in the crown of nations. This is a city petrified, a
monument of fallen pride. The country around is much
of it an unfenced desert. Only a few wholesale houses are
open, and these by citizens of another State. You pass
down street after street with not a store open, nor even " to
let." The people can buy nothing, for they have no money.
It this river were opened there would not be much business,
from the fact that there is nothing to exchange for produce.
Foreign vessels do not come now to deal. They go to New
York for the things that they formerly formerly found
here. The trade with Cuba and the West Indies, with
South America and the Pacific Isles, used to be heavy. One
might see at Honololu the products of our section, shipped
from New Orleans. On the quay of Valparaisa one could
see canvassed meat from Chicago and Cincinnati, via New
Orleans. All these things have changed. Illinois and the
contiguous States aro deeply interested in this matter, and
should give some counsel and aid in bettering the condition
of things,"

I do not know how all this will strike you, but to
me it seems rather significant. The rulers at Wash-
ington seem determined to turn the South into Et
wilderness, and they do not or will not see, that by
panishing the guilty South. they no less strike the
innocent West. There is no very loud complaint in
this latter quarter at the present moment, for the
war absoi bs all its produce, and the army is its best
of markets. But the war must come to an end, and
who is to make up to the West for the loss of its
trade with the Southern States? The extermination
of those slave communities may suit the trading
cupidity, no less than the zealous humanitarianism
of New York or Philadelphia, but the West is the
arbiter of American destinies, and it will hardly
•
suit her to submit to Eastern monopoly, and to be
deprived of the best means of disposing of her corn
modities. At a moment in which the natural tide
of immigration and the tilling of new lands promise
to give a new impulse to Western produce, it is
hard to think that one of the most active channels
for its exportation, one of the most opportune mar-
kets for its consumption, has ceased to be. These
wil! be serious considerations for the West as soon
as the excitement for the war and the cry of the

" Union at any price" have time to subside. The
subjugation of the South may be a desideratum, but
its desolation and extinction is a calamity which
may have consequences upon districts in which
slavery and rebellion were never heard of.
A strange feeling it is, taken altogether, which
animates these Western people against the trading
population of the Atlantic States. Ohio, Indiana,
Illinois, and all the North West, were mainly colo-
nized by New Englanders. The Yankees here are
still very numerous, and even more
powerful.
Banking houses,
insurance companies, railways,
canals, every useful enterprise, is almost exclusively
in their hands. They have the law, the magistra-
ture under their control; they are the politicians,
the schoolmasters, the mind and heart, the salt of
the community. Their connexions with their
Eastern homes are knit with the strongest ties.
the capital in circulation in the West is mainly
Eastern capital, and the great commercial potentates
here are merely the agents and representatives of
great New York and Boston houses. Yet the «eat
is not the East; not like the East, it likes not the
East. The people here are apt to complain of that
Eastern sharpness which overt eaches them in every
bargain. They fret at the compulsion they labour
under, to buy Elstern manufactures at Eastern
prices—viz., on such terms as the East imposes.
They declare that the cost of every article at Cnicago
is double what it would be at New York. Even the
Yankee community in the West is dissatisfied with
Yankee smartness ; but there is in the West another
community ditlerent from the Yankee community,
and this consists of those millions of Irish, German,
and other immigrants wko constitute the great bulk
of the Western population. The men of the upper
classes here, the rulers of the people, are New Eng-
landers; but the people at large are that mixture of
all races which is crowding this continent with a
new nation, a new nation in which the Anglo-Saxon
blood has ceased to be the chief ingredient. With
this hard-working, stirring, aspiring mass even its
Yankee leaders are fain to sympathise. The New
Englander is shrewd and accommodating. In the
South the settler from the North east always
proved to be the most ruthless, uncompromising
slaveowner. In the West the Yankee must learn to
westernise, to adopt the views, to uphold th:. inte-

rests, of the people among whom his lot is cast.
The time was, perhaps, not far distant when the
West, by accumulating a capital of its own, would
have shaken off the trammels of the Eastern specu-
lators, and pursued a social and commercial policy
of its own. The great civil war has put a
momentary stop to this movement by making a
loud appeal to the patriotism of Union, and rousing
its passions against the S9uthern rebellion. Al-
ready, however, the West thinks it has given
sufficient proofs of its unbounded devotion. It
thinks that the war has lasted long enough, and the
victory been carried already beyond those limits
which by causing it to weigh heavily on the South
make it tell with no less fatal effects against the
West. There are not many who speak in this strain
among the educated people—nay, the talk is all the
other way. I hear nothing but stubborn determi-
nation to crush, to lay waste, to annihilate the
South. The West, however, must sooner or later
perceive that cutting off one's nose to spite one's
face is an improvident course. Up to this time
there is a perfect war drunkenness in the West no
less than in the East. But the moment of sober-
ness is no less sure to come. The Democrats are
biding their own turn. We have rather disquieting
news concerning the weather and the crops in these
Western districts. A very sharp frost spread over
all the State of Illinois and the adjoining North-
Western districts on the 29th last. According to
the particulars that come in from all quarters, it
seems that the damage occasioned to the corn, the
vines, the gardens and orchards, has been both very
extensive and serious.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

DONCASTER RACES-THURSDAY.

The features of " off" days at great meetings, be they
Epsom, Goodwood, or Doncaster, are very similar. A com-
parative quiet and repose pervade the locale. The excite-
ment of the day before begets the reaction of to-day, and
we enjoy a calmer spirit, and (losses taken into considera-
tion) a more philosophical frame of mind.
The moor to-day presented a marked contrast, in the very
small attendance of the masses, to the vast crowds that
thronged it yesterday. The weather continued fine, and the
disagreeable dust which the day before made seeing clearly
a difficulty was now absent.

The Zetland Stakes were an easy victory for Onesander,
who had the best of the race all the way; and the 10 sous.
Sweepstakes proved a discomfiture for the winner of the
Champagne, as Coast Guard won by four lengths, and Ely
was not placed. The Portland Handicap brought the large
field of 30 together, a hazardous number for so short a dis-
tance to select a winner from. The Ring made Poland,
however, the favourite, but the top weight gave the fielders
an agreeable surprise, Welland winning, after an excellent
race, in the last stride by a neck. Usher, in the Juvenile,
rewarded the backers by landing them safely, and was
bought in by his noble owner for 260 guineas.
Only Carnival and Vanessa put in an appearance for the
Eglinton Stakes, which Mr. Naylor's colt carried off cleverly •
A splendid race between Johnny Armstrong and Poly
nesia, for the Cleveland Handicap, was a bonne boracite re-
served for the finale of the day's sport, Newmarket walking
over for the Scarborough Stakes.

The Zetland Stakes of 50 sovs each, for 3 yr-olds ; colts;
Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst 31b. Winners extra. One mile and

a half. 8 subs.
Lord Stamford's Onesander, Bst 71b (A. Edwards) 1
Mr. Bowes's Sauterelle, Bat 31b ..... (Fordham) 2
Count F. de Lagrange's Jarnicoton, Bst 71b.. (Watkins) 3
Betting—Even on Onesander, 5 to 2 agst, Jarnicoton,
and 4 to 1 agst Sauterelle.
Jarnicoton made play to the foot of the hill, where he
was headed by the favourite, who came on with a clear lead
to the Stand, where Sauterelle obtained the second place,
but without having a chance of reaching Lord Stamford's
colt, who won easily by three parts of a length, two lengths
separating the second and third.
A Sweepstakes of 10 sous each, with 100 added, for 2-yr-
olds ; colts, Bst 101 b ; fillies, Bst 71b. The owner of the

second horse to receive 20 scvs out of the stakes, T.Y.C.
31 subs.
Mr.,Rudson's Coast Guard, gat llb (inc. 51b extra)
(Cnalloner) 1
Mr. J. Osborne's Prince Arthur, 9st llb (inc. 51b extra)
(J. Osborne) 2
Count F. Lagrange's Fills de I'Air, Ost (inc. 71b extra)
(A. Watkins) 3
Black Fawn, Ely, and Dr. Rooko also ran.

Betting-5 to 2 agst Ely, 3to 1 agat Fillo de I'Air, 3to
1 agst Prince Arthur, and 5 to 1 agst Coast Guard.

Prince Arthur made play on the inside, closely attended
by Ely, Fille do l'Air, and Black Fawn, Coast Guard fol-
lowing next. They ran in these positions to the bend,
where the latter, who was repeatedly disappointed in get-
ting through, joined the leader, the pair running together
to the distance, where Challoner brought his horse to the
front and won in a canter by four length 9, a like distance
separating the second and third, a bad fourth. Dr. Itooke
trotted in last, but did not pass the post.

Match for 300 sovs. h ft, Bst 91b each; both 2-yr-olds,
Red house in.

Lord Glasgow's Miss Whip filly (Aldcroft) 1
Sir J. Hawley's Mrs. Quickly filly (Wells) 2
Betting-5 to 4on the Mrs. Quickly filly, who made
play at a wretched pace to the enclosure, where the non-
favourite reached her, and in a few strides from home
headed her and won easily by a neck.
The Portland Plate of 200 soya in specie, added to a Handi-
cap Stakes of 5 sovs each, for all ages. 'Winners extra.
The owner of the second horse to receive 25 soya out of
the stakes. Red House in.
Mr, G. Bryan's Welland, 4 yrs, 9st 41b (Fordham) 1
Lord Strathmore's Bohemia, 3 yrs, Est 11Ib (Jebb) 2
Mr. R Ten Broeck's Peignoir, 4 yrs, 7st
Mr. H. Goater's Creole, 3 yrs, Est 131 b (inclu. 41b extra)
(Mordan) 4
The following also ran :—Queen of Trumps, Fravola,
Gemma, Black Lily, Biondella, Jackal, Leontes, Lady
Abbess, Miss Armstrong, Grisette, Queen Elizabeth,
Amazonian, Airedale, Liston, Poland, Calliope colt, Fianc6e,
Stampede, Marmion, Coeur de Lion, Michael Scott, Syren,
Lyra, Rosebud, Ess Bouquet, and Wild Thyme.
Betting— 100 to 30 agst Poland ; 8 to 1 agst Gemma;
100 to 8 each agst Queen of Trumps, Lady Abbess, and
Miss Armstrong; 100 to 6 each agst Bohemia and Wel-
lanct; 20 to 1 agst Fravola; 25 to 1 each agst Biondella,
Jackal, Peignoir, and Queen Elizabeth ; 100 to 3 each agst
Fianeee, Syren, and Rosebud, and 100 to 10 agst Michael
Scott.

More than half an hour was eonsumed at the post through
the repeated refusals of Black Lily and Queen of Trumps
to face their horses. At last the signal flag was lowered
to an admirable start, the lot leaving the post nearly in a
n
mpsin company with Lady Abbess and
Leontes,• advanceß for the first hundred yards,
when • the running, with Leontes in at-
tendance, the pair having a
decided lead to the bend, where
they were joined by Peignoir in the centre,whose immediate
le.Queen
B
followers were Jackal, Bohemia, Creole, 'Welland, Grisette,
and Gemma, the latter having been sadly knocked about in
her attempt to get through. They ran thus to the Stand en-
closure, when Fordham brought up Mr. Bryan's colt and
joined issue with Peignoir, the pair being joined by Bohemia
and Creole, the quartet finishing a fine race home, Welland
winning in the last stride by a neck, a head only separating
the second and third, and a length botween the third and
fourth ; Wild Thyme, Liston, Jackal, and Queen Eliza-
beth finishing next, nearly abreast. To these succeeded the
Calliope colt, Marmion, and Poland, the last lot being Queen
of Trumps, Lady Abbess, and Fravola, the positive last
being Cceur de Lion.
The Juvenile Selling Stakes of 5 soya each, with 50 added,
for 2-yr-old colts 9st, fillies and geldings Bst 101 b; with
selling allowances. Half a mile. 9 subs.
Lord Westmoreland's Usher, Bst (£4O) ...... (Cha 'loner) 1
Mr. Jackson's Prescription, 7st 101 b (£4O) (Doyle) 2
Count Lagrange's Daniel, Bst (£10) ........ (Watkins) 3
Brother Jonathan, Contractor, Salvioni, and Saunterer
colt also ran.

Betting-6 to 5 agst Usher, 6to 1 each agst Daniel and
the Saunterer colt.

however,
Daniel and Brother to Jonathan took a slight lead, Mr.
Ton Broeck's gelding and the Saunterer colt lying next.
At the turn Usher came up to his horses and took the lead
,wanitdh Contractor
last. at the distance, followed by Prescription, who,
failed to reach him, and Lord Westmoreland's colt won
easily by a length and a half, a neck separating the second
nssntosieelarsosnendaae3h-h extra, with -
Yrse to receive 25 sovs
and third.
The
winnerT he Saunterergchotl ti
nw afosrf 02:56 r.oofttlhst
guineas.fi
Hies and
C. Naylor's Carnival,,,3 yr2s, 9st ....
Mr. R. (Challon er) 1
Mr. H. F. Beaumont's Vanessa, yrs, Est Illb (Carroll) 2
the distance, when he went up and won easily
The
oaf oun r
et
Ee
of 1 geldingsYti. nht T-tea:hl stakes.'ldeosSwotweat do: ce3csr
1 abToor f;
rf.
Yyw the.7i C . 2 9 subs.
Betting-100 to 6on Carnival, who waited upon Vanessa
of 20 sous The Cleveland handicap , s each, 10 ft, and 5 only
if declared, with 100 added. lno owner of the second
bt to half
two NiVeaLygtihns. .
horse to save his stake. One mile, AR
" 'subs, 37 of whom

declared, &c.
Mr. Gordo Johnny Armstrong, 4 yrs, Bst 131 b

41b ex)
Polynesia, 4 yrs, 78t (Doyle) 1
Entremet, llubert,
71b
Lord Chesterfield's
(R. Grimshaw) 2
Mr. C. Snewing's Barter, 3 yrs, sst 121 b One
(j. Grimehaw) 3
and 5 to 1 agst
AcTtl:orif,eanllodwrrinhge
Serf.also ran :—Bertha,
Bettina--2 to 1 agst Johnny Armstrong, 3to 1
agst The
Barter.
Serf, 4 to 1 agst Polynesia,
Barter, with her usual impetuosity, jumped away in front
and came on with a decided lead, followed by Entremet,
Hubert, and the Middleh m horse to the Red House, when
Hubert gave way and Polynesia joined the favourite, the
pair finishing a close race home ; Johnny Armstrong, run-
ning the longest, winning by a neck, a bad third. The Serf
was fourth, and Entremet fifth. _

The Scarborough Stakes of 20 sovs each, 10ft, for 3-yr• old
colts Bst 101 b, and fillies Sst 61b, maiden horses allowance

Olb. One mile. 7 subs.
Mr, Watt's Newmarket, Bst la., • ► ► ► (J, Snowden) w,o,