The Sun.
London, England, 1830-06-26 00:00:00

HIS LATE MAJBSTV.

The following slight bio'grapLic sketch of his lamented
• Majesty GrotroP: the Wth. is extracted from a little work,
entitled " Public Characters." At the present melancholy
'crisis it will be found interesting :
" His most gracious Mijesty George the fourth, has
lived through a series of events, as rtniarkable as the •
world ever witnessed within the same space of time ;
and whether viewed as Sovereign, as Prince BiTent,
or as Prince of Wales, he awakens greWr interest in
the bosom of every reflecting 131-iton, than any individual
born or raised to the throne since the days of tin,
illustrious Alfred. lie came into the world at a most
eventful period, when incidents were passing away, or
occurring-, or nigh at hand, of the greatest importance
the national honour and welfare. The lons abed pros-
perous reign of George the Second ha I fixed the House ol
Hanover in secure possession of the British throne : the
welcome accession of George' the Third, the first Sove-
reign of the house born in this Gauntry, had crushed every
vestige of hope in the few rema.hing friends of the exiled
' Stuarts ; the multiplied victories of war, of which the
people were, notwithstanding, beginning to complain, had
opened the way for honourable and promising neg,ociation ;
and with the prospect of peace, rendered certain scst as
the Prince was born, both the character and condition ol
the country were rapidly improving.--.-improvement which
his birth was admirably adapted to accelerate, since it gave
to people of every rank and occupation a gratifying assur-
ance that their labour would not be in vain.

" The Royal parents were remarkably domestic; in ad-
dition, therefore, to the usual solicitude about an infant
heir to the throne, their first-born became the object ot
unexampled care—care that was thought excessive if not
injurious, at that early period, and which, though the
motive of it must ever be praised, afterwards did harm to
the character of the Prince, by rendering the transition
from youth to manhood, and from restraint to indepen-
dence, much too sudden and abrupt.
" It is well known that, at three years of age, he re-
ceived and answered an address from the Society of An-
cient Britons, his own proper• subjects; and the joy
which the intelligence diffused was, if possible, greater
than that which took place at his birth. When he was
the subject or diseases incident to childhood, from which,
there is no Royal road of escape, and which then pre2
veiled with more certainty and severity than at present,
every family seemed to feel as though one of its own mein-
berg were in danger ; and the tidings of his recovery was
tirs signal for new ebullitions of delight, and more con&
'lent anticipations that his life would be long, and his
reign prosperous and happy.
"An unexpected and alarming illness of the King,
while it drew forth the sympathy of the nation for him,
fixed the attention of all classes upon the Royal heir, then
a child of only four years. The apprehension of a Re-
gency in the state, and a guardianship to the Prince, for
so long a period as fourteen years, was a feeling peculiarly
unwelcome ; but providentially it was removed almost as
soon as it arose. Still the known liability of the King to
sudden disease, tending to affect the Royal mind as well as
body, caused public attention and anxiety in no ordinary
degree to continne directed to the rising Prince, and many
a fervent wish to be cherished that his years were multi •
plied by more than their present number.
" The youth of the Prince is now before us, and we are,
to glance at his progress under some of the wisest tutors'
of the age. The education of George the Third is al-
lowed to have been defective ; it was not so defective, how-
ever, as to snake him undervalue sound learning, or ren-
der him indifferent to his children's proficiency., He in-
sisted upon a much larger portion than he had attained be-
ing offered to the Pi ince, and he rejoiced to find him both
able to appreciate it, and ready to make it his own. Per-
haps his Royal Highness did not so willingly submit to
the discipline of his noble governors and revert-end' tutors;
which in fact was strict beyond all precedent and all pro-
priety. The system derived its severer features of re-
straint and seclusion from the authority of the King, whose
firmness in other matters sometimes rose to obstinacy,
and who was often pertinacious when he only thought
himself prudent. But if the Prince was trained according
to the Royal mandate, the agents chosen to execute the
stern decree were well fitted for their work. It is suffi-
cient to remember the official characters of Dr. Markham
at Westminster, and of Dr. Jackson at Christ Church, and
to know that the Prince spent his youth chiefly under their
controul.

" This system was highly beneficial while it was in ope-
ration, and so far as sound scholarship was concerned.
Confining the Prince to his studies with almost monastic
seclusion and severity, it caused his ready mind to accu-
mulate an unusual store of valuable knowledge. Nor can
the nation now be strangers to its beneficial result. To
some of its severer features we are perhaps indebted for
the highest qualifications of the King, and the noblest em-
bellishments of the man. But no sooner did its operation
cease than it was found to produce effects which its Royal
isrfthor, and its noble and reverend agents, were the first
to discern and deplore: It had too long shtit out the
world from the view of the Prince, and, by not graduating
his advance towards the public scenes of life, rendered
those scenes, when at last he was at liberty to survey
them as he pleased, too novel and enchanting, too luxu-
riant and overpowering. He had been confined so long,
and restrained so much, that when the period of emanci-
pation somewhat suddenly arrived, he deemed it impos-
sible to enjoy too large a portion of the pleasure which
presented itself on every hand. On his release from the
controul of tutors and governors, who had scarcely loosened
the rein before they were required altogether to drop it,
numbers of a perfectly opposite character were in waiting
to celebrate his freedom, and administer to his gratificatio❑
and delight. Among them, the nation must ever lament,
were certain individuals, celebrated for the splendour of
their talents and vices, and, in their earliest intercourse
with the Prince, much more ready•to corrupt his morals
'by the one, than to enlarge and elevate his mind by the
other.

" Here we must look for the origin of those painful mis-
understandings which took place between the Sovereign
land the heir apparent. The early friends of the Prince
were in avowed opposition to his Majesty's Government,
and soon infused their hatred of Ministers and their
jealousy of the King into the unsuspecting mind and
susceptible heart of their illustrious protege. On po-
litical grounds alone the King had reason to be in-
censed at their influence over his son ; but when to.
this we add the moral injury they were inflicting
one, whom the pious father wished above all things'
to train for God and his country, we cannot wonder,
that, wounded by their arts in his Royal, his paternal,
and Christian feelings, Fe should have set his face as a
flint against the men, and treated with rigour the son,
who had made them his companions and friends.
The romantic epistles and adventures of Florizel and
Perdita are well known ; but all who know them do not
understand that they were as real as they appear to be!
,romantic, and that the admirer and admired were no less

than the Prince• of Wales - and Mrs. Anhinson,. the en-1
chanting authoress of the 8./,'dphicl. Presuming upon theti
reader's itagollection of the chief incidents of that affair,
only a remark or two on its distressing termination can be
introduced here. The injured . Lair one never blamed the
Prince for leaving her: His conduct appe3ted unfaithful
And brifeeting i but iiever did it appear so in her estimation.
He transferred his attention to others, grenly her inferiors
in beauty, youth, and wit; but she never could allow
that she had lost his heart. She was innocent of the.
least of those imputations, by which the envy of her fivall
- triumphed over her ; and this innocence, with the (=vie-
tion that the Prince still loved her, supported her amidst'
the OtherwiSe o'VerWheimihg trial of his early and sudden
Idesertion. We throw the veil or charity °Vet the test ofl
.this affecting story.
" The first establishment of the Prince was a wel.:orna
event to his numerous flatterers, especially to some among ,
them, whose profligacy and poverty seemed to vie with
,each other, which' should soonest complete his ruin.
I -
%Deeply Hid ever rtuf friend of bik floral 11Winels lament
•
eendancy over his ingenuous mind, anal, while they hailed
his independence With hoiloWcoitgrattilationS, they ureaded
nothitig so Much as for his spirit to itt.'drilti tj.t iniitilt!nalenri
as his circumstances, and his opipiofis to disdain the Ire-
straint which his person had shaken off. They were in
Th fact resolved that neither circumstances nor person should
ong uontiniie indepesidtw-mot thq• r;.oiltroul t hence that
!course of extravagant folly to which they urged laird, Arid
whirls very shortly compelled the King and Parliament to
i interfere for his relief, after compelling the Prince him-
r self to reduce his establishment below the level, not only
,tlf hatilorotis subjects of the State, hilt aid a sdriie of his I
own honorary servants.
" These and other early companions of the Prince,
insist have the undivided honour of creating in the Royal'
bosom the little taste he once pnsawed, but never eagerly.
,therisbed, far hid stn-6 Sit the tilrf tired HA ting,:--,
- The events which drove him, first from Newmarket,
and sometime after from DoncsSter, hive not escaped the
rea'der's recollection; And eiTc.fy hne will Ilan his own
jUdgment or their mefits. The cause of witWratsVipg his

patronage and pre.ence from the brutal scenes of pugilism
%vas in itself truly distressing ; yet, if any thing could
reconcile the mind to the fatal termination of one such
conflict, it would be the important and welcome effect 01
;determining- thee her app 'rent, for .ever to discountenance
la praCtici:io to.teily at 't'at'iaitte with the high ciNilliation
iof a land like this.

" The mind turns with pleasure from such a subject!,

the introduction of the Prince to Parliament, and the dis-
charge of his dillies as a legislative Peer of the realm
while that pleasure. is nornewlifq dintlnished Ly ona 9r two
perplexing alttirS, which appear to have tendered him less
frequent in his attendance in the HoUse, and More silent
,when he was there, theta the itatioh hid reaSon of dispo-
sition r' 'eXp6l: Of t 10.: alttirs, the known connection
loflis lioyal Highness with a celebrated Catholic lady, and
the contending opinions of the nation on the nature and
extent of that connection, were in many respects tin
most perplexing, more so than the debts, with which, both
in and out of Parliament, it was imnrorrly,and un-,
'handsomely rni*.edt All the Sophistry of Mr. Vox could
I not ton.Vinte the public that the Prince *as in no setts.
married to Mts. Fitzherbel t ; while all the wit of Mr.
Tooke Coal net persuade diem to Salute that lady as
Princess of \Vales, or anticipate her possible share in the
liritish Throne.
" The illness of the King, issuing in violent and con-
tinued insanity, brought the Prince of Wales still mon

prominently forward, and wild?. It gAvii th nation the
devest int.!re.t his 'Cltaracter, served to exhibit in that
eltarottet some new and striking features. The compa-
nions, already held responsible for many of his youthful
errors, must bear the fresh onus of an exceedingly dis
,graceful proceeding, for which he was at the time consi•
(ierably, but undeserved!), blamed. We allude to the earl.

'and eager formation of a new Cabinet of Whigs-...-so call)
Hind so eager as to deprive it of all the qiiilities of a pil-
(lent and patriotic`, foresight, and invest it from head to
tOot in the merry gaib of a party and political triumph,
rendered odious by the contrast it presented to the inclan-
eholy condition of the King, and the disconsolate feelings
!of the country.
" To the French Revohitine. May undoubtedly be traced
the welcome chang, slow in its progress, but certain is
its result, in the political sentiments and assbciations of
the Prince of Wales. He was far from being a solitary
conversion, in favour of the 13titish Government as then
administered, which that tremendous explosion effected
yet England cannot but hail it as the most important that
could have taken place for her. She did not at first per-
ceive its prudent operation, and enjoy its happy effects ,!
nor were they fully discerned and appreciated till his
Royal Highness came finally into power. Then, when
long delay would have provoked an ordinary mind to re-
solute retaliation, the Prince Regent showed his-completi
superiority to ancient prejudices, and private feelings, and
personal attachment, by voluntarily offering all remains of
them upon the altar of the nation's good. !
" This noble sacrifice arrests our attention, not only fo:
the excellent benefits which followed it through the king-
dom and the world ; but because men whom nothing good
can please, have reproached it as the first and greatest
blemish of the Regent's character. He abandoned, for.
sooth, his early friends, as though the Regency bad trans-
formed him into a private individual, and left no public
interests, no official duties, no national security and pro-
sperity, to compete in his affections with a few men who
called themselves his friends, while they were doing him
more injury than the entire host of his avowed enemies.
Many Princes, and not a few Regents, have quenched the
last spark of patriotic fire by favouritism and friendship !
but the Prince Regent of Britain reversed the scene, and
resolved that the fire of patriotism should consume what-

- ever came in its way, not sparing the friends of his youth.
This, considering Ate usual blindness of Princes, and the
usual power of favourites, is surprising enough ; but not
so surprising as the fact that enlightened Britain in the
nineteenth century, contained writers who censured hi,
conduct, and readers who could purchase and praise 66
wretched effusions.
" We have passed by the period when the matrimonia!
troubles of his Royal Highness commenced ; but the)
form too prominent a feature in his life, and enter too
deeply into the question of character, to be omitted in
the briefest sketch. In circumstances the most favour-
able, the marriage of Princes excites some apprehension,
for their honour or their peace : but never could circum-
stances be more unfavourable than those which induced
the Sovereign and his Ministers to ally the Princess of
Brunswick to the heir apparent of Great Britain. His
Royal Highness was known to be averse to matriage, and
candour will attribute his aversion to the impossibility of
choosing his own wife. The Princess chosen for him was
extravagantly praised, beyond all precedent and propriety
—an act of as great injustice to her as to him. The po-
licy began its operation on his ingenuous mind, when deep
and desperate embarrassments had unfitted him to examine
its tendency, or question its truth. And, to crown the
calamitous enterprise, his complete emancipation from debt
was offered as the reward of his compliance, leaving him
of course to apprehend a continuance of the thraldom a-
the consequence and punishment of his refusal. Who
could anticipate a course of matrimonial tranquillity, or
mutual toleration, from such an inauspicious comtnence-
'ment ?

" For the subordinate actors in this national tragedy, we
have not a line to spare; and of the principal characters
we wish not to write a word beyond some fair apology for
their offences and errors. Were there strong appearances
of guilt in the conduct of the Princess? Let her separa-
tion, her exposure, her enemies, and especially some of her
friend., be considered ; let her origin, her education, her,
prospects, her disappointments, her provocations, he taken,
into the account. On the other hand, did the Prince, the
Regent, the King, appear stern and harsh in his treat-
ment of one whose guilt could not be substantiated ?,
Let his exalted yet secluded situation, his numerous
and often interested advisers, his solicitude joined with'
his Ministers' responsibility for a pure succession, his
provocations from some of the most paltry intermeddlers
of the day, his obligation to proceed in an inquiry which
they had compelled him to commence, be remembered.
In fact, these considerations, with many others to which
they conduct the candid mind, have been entertained to a
most happy effect. The cloud has passed away, and
posterity is already beginning to do justice to both parties
" The accession, and particularly the coronation of the
'King, was too closely allied to the most painful part of
the proceedings against the Queen, to produce so joyous
an effect as might have been anticipated. But, if his
'Majesty did not receive his crown amidst perfectly una-
uimous congratulations he has worn it with advancing
honour and applause, until the nation now scarcely con-
tains a single instance of disaffection to his person or his
Government. If a portion of his subjects apprehended
,that the severity of the husband would cleave to the cove-
reign, their fears have long since fled ; nay, those who
'cherished
them, have wondered that severity in any re-
lation of life could belong„ to an individual, who has never
cherished a wish to abuse:4le highest authority to that un
welcome effect.

" The Administration of George the Fourth has, in
lfact, been almost an uninterrupted course of popularity
and prosperity, as well as peace.

" Our narrow limits will not allow us to expatiate, to
half the extent of our feelings, on the regal excellencies to
which, under God, we owe the realisation of these delightful

HAY MARKETS.—(At per Load of 35 Taunts.)
ST. JAMES'S.

Coarse heavy Lowland Meadow Ray ....... £2 5 to £2 15
New Meadow Hay 0 0 0 u
Useful Old Ditto .. .. .... ........ ... ........ . ~.
Fine Upland Meadow and .......... ..... .....
Clover Hay 3 10 5 5
Oat Straw £2 6to £2 10 1 Wheat Straw... 2 10 2 14
SMITHFIELD,
Coarse heavy Lowland Meadow Hay .C 2 0 to £2 10
New Meadow Hay 0 0 0 0
Useful Old Ditto, 3 3 3 10
Fine Upland Meadow and Rye-gwiss Hay 3 10 4 15
Clover Hay (extra fine)...Xs 10... Generally
Oat Straw £2 oto £2 4 1 Wheat Straw 9 4 2 8

SINGULAR FISH I—A short time since a
celebrated Journal stated, that in dragging a sertain poad
in Warwickshire, a turnpike was taught weighing 221bs.
—Cheltenham Chronic's.

The run upon the banks here for gold has
'been much more serious than we were led to suppose
wen writing the first paragraph an this subject which
appettrs in the Chronicle. It has continued nearly the
entire of yesterday without intermission, and is likely to
continue until all the bank-notes shall be seat into the
banking-houses.— Waterford Chrenicl..

THE COMMONS IN TERxon.—The people
were cast into political delasions, and self tormented by
imaginary horrors. A luslierons but authentic incident
of the times is scarcely credible. So suiceptible was this
diseased state of the public mind, that Sir 'WALTER
EARLE, one of the zealous but weakest adversaries of
STRAFFORD, and a creature of Pria's—rose to make a
report of a design to blow up the House of Commons !
The news acted as if the explosion had taken effect. lii
the pressure some alarmed listeners suddenly leaning for-
ward, part of the flooring in the gallery gave way—at the
cracking many hurried out—Sir JO.N WRAY, an honest
Lincolnshire patriot, exclaiming that "he smelt gunpow-
der," and another leaving the House, saying, " There
was hot work, and a great fire within"—the simple words
of the panic-struck knight, and the metaphorical orator.
were to, literally caught up by the persons in the lobby,
who sent them to the people on the river. Before car-
riages were in general use.the river was a great thorough-
fare; boats .were used ere hackney-coaches were projected ;
a considerable portion of the busy popalace were always
an the Thames—these re-echoed the report to the city—
the drums beat, the train-bands marched, "a world of
people in antis" flew to Westminster, and this ridiculous
incident satisfactorily confirmed to the Commons their own
absolute power over the people."—Commentarits on the
Life and Reign of Charlet I.

ETIRIT Or• THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

evening by his honourable and Learned Friend,'
iwhom he might now call his successor for Win-
chehea,and whose celerity in running :after and de--
tecting abuses on former occasions.was only to be
equalled by the speed with which he seemed anxious!
• to run-away from them now. His Honourable and
Learned Friend, who, from long experience, per-,
fectly understood both sides of the question, told thel,
House that they ought not to burden judicial'
officers with business, any more than other persons,)
to a degree beyond their powers. This course;
of argument was very new to his Learned Friend,
who now, for the first time, discovered that the;
Chancery Judges were worked too severely !" A:1
he period when Mr. Williams - thought the Chand
ccry Judges, like schoolboys in holiday time, had!
" all play and no work," Lord Eldon was in office.;
~. Cenettre was then unsparingly heaped both on thel
P Lord Chancellor and the system of the Courts over!
:which he presided; yet it is admitted that there
never sat in the High Court of Chancery an able,
Judge, and one more profoundly acquainted with
the principles of Equity, than Lord Eldon—an'
'since his time the system has undergone no reforma-
tion. What is there to excite the praise of those
who never before - alluded to the department of
Westminster Hall but in tones of the bitterest con-
demnation ? We believe the present Lord Chan-
, eellor to be as just and impartial a Judge as any ee
his great predecessors, but he has certainly disite-
. pointed those who were sincerely enxious for are-
form of the Chancery system by not redeeming the
pledge which he gave, soon after his nomination t(
the Great Seal, to submit himself a plan o_
effectual reform to Parliament. " In 1827,"
said Mr. Brougham, " the Lord Chancellor,
shortly alter his accessisn to office,' pledge,
himself to effect reform, and seemed only de
.irons to obtain time for the purpose. ' Give
,ne.,' said he, ' but a little time, but one season, ant
f pledge toy reputation—l pledge myself on tin
faith of Parliament, on the faith of the Court of
Chancery, and of the practitioners in that Court
'that 1 will mature a plan for securing the discharge
of all the business expeditiously and accurately."—
Such was the pledge of the Lord Chancellor.—
Well : they gave him not one year, but three; and.
during the lapse of that time, no change Win -,
,thought of, no reform agitated by him. To us ii •
sppears very unaccountable that the Lord Chan-,
cellor, even supposing he were not bound by any ;
promise, should not undertake or encourage ;
thorough reform of the Chancery system, as all tb
delay and vexation which the unreformed systen
occasions are sure to be visited on himself it
public opinion, us was the case with Lore
Eldon. It is the interest of a Judge that the
machinery of his Court should work well, and te
the public satisfaction, otherwise it is impossible tt
prevent' it having an injurious effect on his judicia
reputation. We perfectly ses-ce with Mr. Harvey
;het all the defects of the Court of Chancery, nume-
rous and appalling as they were, were attributable
not to the Lotd Chancellor, but to thersystemove,
which he presides; and we also agree with him tha:
Lord Lyndhurst has been guilty of a strange incon
sistency in abandoning, as Lord Chancellor, those :,
propositions for the reform of the Court of Chaucer'
which he advocated as Master of the _Rolls. Th,
ruinous delay and expellee which suitors have to en-
counter in the Court, as at present constituted, is
cause of complaint which every body has either felt
or heard. As. to serious questions of real property
we admit that some part of the delay may be at-
tributable to subtle refinements and m taphysica
di-sinctions, connected with the doctrines of contin-
gent remainders, executory devises, &c.; and also t.
the modern absurd mode of conveyancing, which i•
its intricate and voluminous as it was formerly
dear, concise, and simple; but such defects ii
the law cannot account for a Chancery suit beirn
carried on, as it sometimes is, for two or three sue.
cessive generations. Mr. Cooper, in his treatise oi
the Court of Chancery, sta'es that if a legatee en.
titled to 10,0001. tinder a will, have the misfortune
to have the testamentary disposition questioned, an(
that lie get au adjudication in his case in eight years
he may consider himself a fortunate man ! A delay
of so many years in a case like this can only ads(
from the system of the Court being so constructer
as necessarily to produce delay, and make suitor-
feel that " sickness of the heart which ariseti
from hope deferred." This de lay in many cases.
operates to the suitor as a denial of justice—deatl
or ruin may overtake him before the decree
is pronounced, and, as far as he is concerned, th•
fullest vindication of his right in the end canno
repair the mischief already suffered from the law' -
delay. The present Bill, it is said, will give relief
to the Chancellor; but Mr. Brougham asked" Why
should they now give relic f to the Chancellor, whet
they ought to beeia with giving relief to the suitors I
Let the relief to the Chancellor at least go pars
passu with that to the unhappy victims of his juris-
:fiction." One cause of the delay in this Court i,
the payment of fees for judicial services propor
donate to the prolixity of the proceedings, whist.
Mr. Brougham rightly describes as a a defeat ti,
justice—a bribe to delay." Much of the procrasti
nation also arises from the manner in which the
Master's office is executed, who, as the same Learn-
ed and lion. Gentleman observed, has all the chte s
racteristics of a Judge except his responsibility
Certainly, without.a cons sponding responsibility, re
such power powek as a Master in Chancery exercises ought ti
to be intrusted to any man—" sitting in silence ale
the dark—seeing no one but the suitors who appeares
before him—with no public to watch him—ne
newspaper to report his proceedings—solving the ~
problem, not how he could expedite justice to the
suitor, but how he could get his own salary."—
These things, and others justly complained of in the .
Chancery system, must be remedied by a very
different sort of Bill than that at press nt before the
House of Commons.—Morning Herald.
Mr. Brougham's Bill for the establishment of
local Jurisdictions is one of the most important
measures ever submitted to tile Legislature of this
country. A person little accustomed to look be.:
neath the surface of things might suppose that, in
a country.cailing itself enlightened, a measure of I
this kind would encounter slight opposition. Thu
man must have a large stock of assurance, indeed,
who would dare to contend that there are any
considerations sufficient to outweigh the benefit of
bringing justice to the door of every man in. thet
community. But every man who knows the world
is aware that the most extensive beneficial measures,
are precisely those which are most strongly opposed.
They who profit by a system of abuse are compare-
rively few and deeply interested, while,in a benefi
to all, the share accruing to cinch is comparatively
small. They who profit by abuses exert themselves
with energy to thwart the measure of reform, while
no one considers himself bound to make any grea
exertion in support of him who merely labours fot
the public good. It will be singular, indeed, if Mr.
Brougham disarms the opposition of those tt ho may
tre apprehensive of a diminution of profits from the
success of his measure. We make these observa-
: dons, as it is but too general an error to suppose,
;hat because a measure is entitled to support, it will
therefore be supported; and that because there
ought to be no opposition, there will therefore be
none. Every man who profits by an abuse fights
for it in good earnest, while he who puts himself
forts and as a reformer will have seldom more du n
wishes for success. In the eleventh number of the
Foreign Quarterly Review, just publiShed, there i,
a curious illustration of the power of sinister inte-
rest to extend, in a fearful manner, horrors at whicli
human nature revolts. The first great blow struck
at prosecutions for witchcraft was the lowering the
°fees of official personages :
.. " The Notaries Clerks And officials labouring in their
vocation (says the writer of an excellent article on De-'
monology and Witchcraft) grew rich front the enormous;
fees attendant on these trials ; the executioner became a
personage of first-rate consequence : ' generoso - equo in-
star aulici nobilisferebatur, aura argento que reititvs.
Usor dus unarms luau certabat• cum nobilioribus !
Some diminution of this persecuting zeal took place in'
consequence of a Rescript of John VII. (18th December,'
1591), addressed to the Commission, by which the fe.s'
of the Court were restricted within mere moderate;

For some time past the French Government ha,
been taming its attention, With apparent, te4il. and
to titiry, to subjects of manufacturing and commer-
ci.,l interest, without being able to rise above tin
ureic bees, " or to dispel the ignorance, by,
\ Inch they are surrounded. Hence, while They
have schools of arts and trades—while they havcj
estAlished lectures on chemistry, mechanics, and.
poi Beal economy, for the benefit of the industrion,
c!asses—while premiums are offered for improve-
mews - in almost every branch of manufactures—
while exhibitions take place in one of the Royal r-1
ilces of the products of industry, as a national apecH
tilde, we find industry shackled with multiplied use!e6sj
regulations, and a foreign trade almost extinguished'
by impolitic restrictions. Hence, while they endea-,
vour to encourage one kind of industry by bountieS,j
they 4introy another by prohibitions, and, desirous
!o enjoy incompatible advantages, repel from then
ports those foreign products, without the admission,
of which they cannot find a market for their own.
Hence it haliperis, that two of the greatest tradincp
nations in the world, within a few leagues of each
other, whose intercourse might be so advantageous,
from their proximity' and from the variety of ex
changes to which their reciprocal wants and peculia
pr?ductioni might give rise, appear to have esta.
A:shed a kind of -cOmmercial quarantine against
each other.. - Hence, though it was proved,
almost to -demonstration, during the suffering
of the French wine trade since 1827, that
France would derive incalculable btnefit Iron,

relaxing her prohibitive system, and admit-
ting iron and colonial goods to exchange
for the produce of her vineyards, the Govern-
ment still persists in maintain;ng expensive fours.
denies at the public expense, in forcing the tnanufae-
..iire of sugar from beet•root, and allowing several
vintages to sour in the cellars of the wine-grower.
That this conduct proceeds from antiquated preju-
• dice and imperfect information, rather than fron,
any lack of activity on the part of the Govern-
ment, 'is evident, among other things, from th
`bustling attempts of almost every successive A ('.-
ministration to do something striking in favour ef
trade. M, tie Peyronnct, whose life has hitherto been
almost exclusively devoted to the studies and dutie47
of the legal profession, no sooner enters the hotel,
of the Home Department than he is inspired Witl.
the wish of improving the efficiency of those
Boards with which his functions require him tr,,
consult on affairs of trade and manufactures. Ac-
cordingly, we have in the Monitcur. . of Tuesday, a
long repot by this Minister respecting these court-
cilK, followed by a Royal decree for remodelling
them... Since the institution of Councils-General of
Commerce and Manufactures, the delegates of those
national interests have composed two bodies. The
Council of Commerce at present consists of 551

members, and that of Manufactures of 60.

The Minister of .the Interior has the power ofi
presiding at their general meetings. They are
isu Illy consulted on any great measure affect-
ing the classes which they represent, sinl
by whidi they are partially elected. In addition
to the duty thus imposed upon them of giving,
their opinion when asked, they sometimes venturel
to make representations and remonstrances when the;
Government would wish them to be. silent. This'
was the case, as some of our readers ivi l recollect,
at the commencement of the Spanish. inva-
sion, when both Councils concurred in peti-
tioning for a continuance of peace. Whether
he Minister finds it inconvenient to .preside over
two separate bodies whose interests are so int;-
mately connected, or thinks that their ditties would,
be more successfully •-performed by a union oil
their counsels and a reduction of their merr-,1
her-4, it is difficult to say ; but in his report
he has given some plausible reasons for forming
the two commissions into one, and reducing their
meinbers from 115 to 72. According to-the exist-1
ing system, the members of the Councils of Trade)
and Manufactures were chosen partly by the classes
which they represented, and partly by the Minister
of the Interior. This mode of election is still to
continue for the formation of the united board. I:
France there are thirty-tour Chambers of Commerce
established in the different great cities of the king-.

dom. These Chambers are-to elect 30 merchants

to represent trade; the Chambers of ManufacH
tures are to elect 18 chiefs of Manufacturing
establishments to represent their interest, and the
Government retains the power of nominating 18.
Besides, several of the larger towns are empow-
ed •to nominate two members, Paris itselfj
returning eight. The list thus formed must be sub-
mitted to the King for his approbation before thej
Council can begin to act. Though the two Coun-
cils which formerly existed separately are thus to
be consolidated into one, the Board is still, for the
purposes of convenient consultation, to be divides'
in.o two sections, with appropriate duties, and act-
ing under Vice-Presidents of their own choice.
Tois latter regulation, (which in effect reconverts
the Council into separate boards), taken in cornice-
with the diminution of the numbers, and thy'
j necessity of submitting the lists to the Royal ap-1
jprobation, is sufficient to beget a 'suspieionj
thlt M. de Peyronnet has invented this plausiblej
measure of consolidation to get rid of two inconvc-j

- --
niell deliberative bodies, and to secure the no-E
A tr6.rition of councillors less powerful and more trac-4,
!table. The grounds of this suspicion will appear
".. strengthened, when it is considered that the great
iimass of the industrious classes in France belong
-'" to the Liberal side,—that the opposition to the
P rxisring Cabinet is composed chiefly of the tea-
• nufactitring and mercantile .interests,—that at
'--
the electoral colleges nearly all the voters whose
qinditication depends cn the tax derived from pa-:
x, icutes, or licences to trade, are hostile to the Ali-:
niaterp,—and, that the monied interests, which the
it. reformed councils represent, will form the strung
.'- array against them in the nett Chamber. We shad
s-; see by the next arrival, what interpretation the
Liberal Press puts upon the ordinance which we
t,
r have above described.—Times.
▪ Instead of . a reform in the practice of the Court .
,' of Chancery, which the public want, it is intended
k• , ,
to burden tue country with the expense of a new .
Judge in Equity, whom the public do not want. It
:" was well observed by Mr. BrOughem; in the debate
.„ on the Bill relative to this subject on Thursdal ,
night, that the motion submitted to the House by
Sir C. Wetherell put to the test all those persons
who had hitherto professed themselves anxious for
-,.: a reform in the Court of Chancery; It has done so,
-- t. and Mr. J. Williams, who first made himself known
-:: in the House of Commons by an elaborate speech.
..-- containing a volume of facts to prove the imperative .
'ti necessity of Chancery reform, has. not stood that
','; test. He now supports a Bill, which, to use a fami-
liar phrase, " giies the go-by" to the question 01
.....s reform, and appoints art additional Judge to admi-..:.
'i., nister that very, system which he formerly reprc-
-6 seated as being_ inadequate, under any Judge ot
.1 number of Judges, fo'serve the purposes of justice,
and give satisfaction to the country. Since tin
:- delivery of the speech in question Mr. William
/ was out of Parliament for a time, and one wool('
• think he had taken advantage of his interval of po-
litical leisure to dip in that" Bethesda" which cures]
. patriotic lawyers of the fever of reform, and:
_4; makes them treat their own former statements oil
intolerable abuses as the wild fictions of a clis-
eased imagination ! In allusion to the miraculous
h. 4 r. ange which has been wrought in the opinions of
'''- the Learned Gentleman, Mr. R. Grant rather sar-
:-.. cisticolly remarked that " the memory of the Learned
A., and Honourable Member bad slumbered while he
.li.- had been absent from the House, and that he had
taken no note of the progress of time while he had I
T.-
been away. The House, however, was not equally I
'. oblivious of him,-and he miga be assured no one
t^ was forgetful ofii thilewhc; had so ably and so fear-
lessly done so much for the cause of legahreform."
fil The change, or conversion, or cure, or whatever it is
c ''' to be called, Of the Chancery reformer, excited no
• ley:3 astonishment in Mr. Brougham, who said " 1-le
W 43 not It little surpri*.ed at the course taken thitt
_.- _

bounds ; but still the profits arising from this trade in amount we are unable to ascertain; but from the Conduit-1
Ihuman victims were sufficient to induce the members aedgmead estate alone they receive upwards Of 6,0001. every!
dependents of Court, like the Bramins in India, to support' 14 years, and taking •that estate to contain about 600,1
with all their might-thiksystem of purification by fire. . hensesfit forms only about one-tenth of the whole numbed
"At last, however, the horrors of Wurtxburg and -of houses belonging to the city. Most of t'lese officersl
Treares began to open the eyes even of the dullest to the and clerks receive large salaries and other fees and allow-
progress of the danger which, commencing like Elijah's axes besides. This charge being considerably more than
cloud, had gradually overshadowed the land. While the is commonly paid, it is unjust towards the tenants parti-
executions were confined to the loeVer classes, to crazed
~ eossiy, as the only difference between the new and the
;old women, or unhappy foreigners, even those rhos: more old leases, in many instmeee, is merely inserting a dif-
Ivigorous intellect enabled them to resist the popular con- 'erent name and year. We also think it a great hardship
Itagion, chose rather to sit by, spectators of these horrors,Oepon tradesmen and labourers, who, in order to obtain the
Itban to expose themselves to the fate of Edelin or Fleet, means of subsistence within the city, are compelled to take
by attacking the madness in which they originated. Pail :'tut their freedon;s, to be obliged to pay as fees to officers
s
inow, when the pestilence, spreading on and on, three- s,,:nd clerks of the corporation 3/. 19s. 4d., which, upon
tened the lives of more exalted victims; when Noblemen .§356 freedoms sold this year, produced the sum of 1,412/.
and Abbots, Presidents of Courts and Professors, began -b 2s. 4d.
to swell the catalogue ; and when no man felt secure that .4. It appears that on the 31st of December, 1228, the Chamberlain;
he might not suddenly be compelled by torture to beat i; IsVhaeb:o
balanceoltnotht ian
r tg,orfsromamvoarion'otyos futnods u£l42 laco; t rt,ll
witness against his own innocent wife or children, selfish. *-, from which deduct the amount of monies paid in ' 1
nese began to co-operate with truth and reason. So in th. ' advance on account of other funds ..... 28,769 0 lk
same way, in the case of our own New England witch- " . Balance £114,c00 8 lit
crafts, the first effectual check which they received was tt Of which balance about 40,0001. was expected to bet
from the accusation of Mrs. Hale, the clergyman's wife ; `.: called for in a few days.
her husband, who till then had been most active in the ; We find the city is in debt to the amount of 256,544/.
persecution, immediately received a new light with regard !ir,.., ins. 5.1 d. ; and it has come to our knowledge that the
to the transaction, and exerted his whole influence for th. 'g sum of 431,000/. has keen borrowed upon- the Bridge-1
suppression of the trials." It house estate for building the new London-bridge, besides
We may observe, by the by, that it is well for tr, *3000,000/. sterling to make the approaches thereto, onl
in this country, that among the other difficulties 1 slse security arf the Orphans' fund.
with whiCh those who laboured to render our laws ; In the prosecution of our office, we find the following
less sanguinary had to contend,' we had not hang.:, :urns have l•een paid into the Chamberlain's hands, of
.4 which no particulars of any kind have been submitted to
men powerfully connected, with handsome wive,
.ur inspection and examination
Yanking in point of splendour with the wives of tht i.
1, Tolls, &c., collected for improving the navigation
first Nobility of the land, to oppose by their vested ' of the river Thames westward of London-bridge .#',16,201 12 5
interests the claims of humanity. The hangman', - ;
Consolidated rate
o..ingseatii,deatgyrate for paving, cleansing, and light-
53,000 2 0
vested interests in this country were forgotten be- .
The Orphans' fund, being a duty of 10d. per chal-
I
cause the hang dron on coals man is poor; otherwise blood woulti ••••62,582 13 211
no doubt have continued to flow for the sake of the , iluty on wine
respectable personages whose interests were s( --: To this fund every apprentice on being bound pays 25.,
deeply. concerned. However, the personages likely TM., and every freeman taking out his freedom pays ss.
to be affected by Mr. Brougham's Bill are rich, urn i,.. We further report, that the Chamberlain paid away in
hetefore respectable, and are, we hear, be.stirrini t be -year 1325, 12,758/. 2s. 7d., without having received
themselves. In this corntry there is too much tole- f sarticulars cf disbursements—namely,
To the Keeper of New ate
ation for the exhibition of barefaced selfishness. Ditto. Whftecross-street Prison. £1,600 oei
1,200 0 0
We very much question whether it might r.oi bi 1,9.00 0
dlowable to supply the want of individual interest r;blesß,irsZeC°r :Merl:Z*l7;Z: 3,42 1? ?
f„. To Frederick Temple; hall-keeper, by order of the
n a great national benefit, by directing public iii-
. Committees of City Lands
iignation strongly against all who set themselVe, 4: ro the City Lands Committee
soother
.gainst it. However, we take leave of the subject .i'.
ro
~,IrDpoiiettottoons Giltapur-street
2,250 0 0
is Co Deputy Daw, for a summer's excursion for the
:or the present.—Morning Chronicle. • % commissioners of Sewers
-, To the Library Committee ....

CITY AUDITORS' REPORT.

The following report was presented by Mr. 'Williams,
a the Common Hall, on Thursday :

THE AUDITORS' REPORT.

TI at the city account laid before us to audit was tilt
31st account of Richard Chrk, Esq., Chamberlain of thi.
'ity, from the Ist day of January to the 31st day of De-
•ember, 1828, both inclusive, which we have accurately
:xarnined, and find
That the balance in the hands of the Chamberlain, on
he Slat of December, 1827, was 5491. 10s. Sid. -
That the receipts of the year ending the 31st of Dc-
;ember, 1828, consist -(1 of—

•
.Z. I. d.
Rents and quit-rents 46,853 19 1, 4
Nfarkets' tolls, offices, and bequests 62,301 7 4
3rok e r 3 ' rents and admissions
,ale of freedoms 6,91119 0 0

sees on freedoms, enrolments, &c.
.7asual .receipts
Rents, &c., navigation of the River Thames 1,272 11 6
'ales and alienations of offices
Fines for leases
, nsurances of officers' lives 304 16 9.

Interest on Government securities 1,055 1 fig
',ales of premises B2 10 0
Money borrowed for the eomplcbon of the ne*
Fleet•market

Making together 171,412 17 3i

Which with the aforesaid balance in hand of
549/. 10s. 8 d., is 171,,,42 9 o

[hat the payments of the said year consist of
the following items of disbursements :
Payment to the Orphans' Fund
Rents, quit rents, taxes, &c 2,359 15 1;
11ansion-house expences 2,964 5 0
Expences of magistracy and police
Expences of the several prisons, &c.
Expenses of the conservancy of the river Thames 4;4'81 13 9
Artificers' and tradesmen's bills
Market charges
f.aw and parliamentary expellees
Return of duty of corn imported 559 3 3
Charitable donations, pensions, &c 1,157 2 5
Salaries and allowances
Sundries, disbursements per order of the Court of
Aldermen 395 19 101

Sundry disbursements per order of Court of
Cummon Council, including—
Allowances to Committees, printing, &c
Purchase of the right of alienation of the officers
of the Lord Mayor's household 7,719 f 10
Bequests
Innuities, and interest on money borrowed 13,626 19 2
Purchase of securities
Debts discharged
Transferred to the new Fleet-market fund, for
completing the said market 31,000 0 0

Amounting together to 173,976 17 6

Leaving a balance in the hands of the Chamber-
lain on the 31st of December, 1828, of PB3 10 0,
The Bridge-house account laid before us to audit was
the account of Lewis Lewis and William Gillman, the
Bridge-masters or Wardens, from the Ist of January tt
are 31st day of December, IS2S, both inclusive, whirl;
a'e have accurately examined, and find—
hat the balance of cash in hand on the 31st of s. d.
December, 1827, was 2,024 14 3
That the rents and other receipts of the year end-
ing the 31st of December, 1828, were 32,231 8 3

Making together £34,256 2
That the diAnirsements of the said year, including
the sum of 22,2871. 7s. 6%d. transferred to the
account for rebuilding London bridge, pursuant
to the Act of 4 Geo.' 1 V., are 30,936 4 7;
And the remainder will be the balance in hand on
the 31st day of December, 1824
• :

_,
We find 6501. was paid to the Bridge-house Committee.
or which no particulars of disbursements were produced.
In the course of our examination we found the follow .
ing sums were paid as salary and allowances to the Lord
Mayor
£ a. e.
His regular salary 5,8 8. 4
From the Bridge-house estate
For breakfasts and dinners in attending Courts of
Conservancy on the 'river Thames 3OO 0 ( '
Sundry expense's at the Mansion-house 2,964 5 (
Fitting up Guildhall on Lord Mayor's day . .... - 410 16 ll
For sundry sums paid in lieu of table at the Man-
sion-house ... 1,025 19 V'
Repairing his stables 169 3
Votes of thanks on vellum 3B 17 C

150 0 0
327 11 6

9 (
A damesk entertaining gown 3 4
Gold lace for ditto

In lieu of providing furniture at theMantion-house 100 0

£11,942 18
The purchase of the right of alienation of the
officers of the Lord Mayor's hcusehold 7,719 9 lc
To which add a very considerable sum for the expense,
of the Lord Mayor's or city barge.
We find there area very great number of offic?rs, clerks,
land servants of the corporation, many of whom are re-
,7eiving very large salaries, besides numerous fees and al-
lowances of various kinds, amounting, together with the
above, to upwards of 60,000/. a year. There are also'
numerous other sal 'ries fees, and allowances, amounting to.
a large sum, which do not appear in those accounts.
We find the ((Mowing amougit many othir tradesmcp's
bills :

. W a. d.
George Colebatch, carpenter 3,800 0 1
Samuel Elliott, painter
Arthur Taylor, printer
Jonathan Ede, tallith l,lld
.6 C

£12,756 2 7

1n their report, the auditors of last year noticed that it
itad come to their knowledge that a large sum was receis•cti,
yearly from persons holding property on the banks of the
Thames, for fines and other payments for permission t,
:nake encroachments on the river, we find under this head
credit given in the Chamberlain's account for 1,272/
ils 6d., and upon inquiry, are informed this is the first
,ime this item has appeared in those accounts, but we are,
totlit has in former years been appropriated in aid of an,
Act of Pat liament fund for keeping up the navigation of
the Thames,
We finally report that the account laid Lefore us t,,1
audit, is the account of the year 1828, which was laid be
are the Common Council, and ordered to be printed nint
noialts before it was submitted for our inspection, although,
he Common Hall passed a resolution last Midsummer-day
requesting the Cham'.erlain to have his account in readi•
!VSS to be submitted to the, examination of the auditors al,
east one year earlier.
(Signed) W. WILLIAMS,
D. BARRETT, Auditors
•
J. HAGGITT,

POI.ICE INTELLIGENCE.

PRICE OF RAW FAT, per stone et 81L.--June 25,
erica of Tallow (as stated by the Tallow Mellen)

B 1 11T H S.

On the 24th inst.. in treat Runell-street, the lady of
Seejeant Jones, of a soli.

On the 23d inst.' tl,e lady of E. G. Walrnisley, Esq., or
Abingdon-street, Westminster, of a ,on.

On the 24th inst. at Knelier-hall, Whitton, the lady
of C. Calvert, E•q. M.P., of a son.

On the 25th inSt. in Tavistock-square, the lady of W.
Cowburn, Esq., of a daughter.

MA R RIED.

On the 24th inst. at Boidre, by the Rev. George fur-
-1
rard, Chaplain in Ordinary to his Majesty, Capt. Leonard
Charles Ilioke, R.N., youngest son of the late Hon. Mr.
justice Rooke, to Elizfbeth, youngest. daughter of the late
Lieut.--3olonel William Home, of the Isle of Wight.
On the 24th inst. S. A. Severne, Esq., of the Royal
Artillery, second son of S. A. Severne, of Thenford,
INorthamptonshire, to Jran, only &fighter of the late It.
Dixon, Esq., of Upprr Harley-street.
On:the 24th inst at Worth, &nisei, J. M. Norman,
Esq., of the Middle Temple, barrister-at-law, to Cathe-
rine Eliza, eldest daughter of the Rev.., G M. Bethune,
I LL.D., of Worth Rectory.

On the 22d inst. at Arlington, H. A. S. Willett, E.g.
of Tapeley-house, county of Devon;to Margaret Caroline,
daughter of the late Col. Chichester, of Arlington-court,
ia-a the same county, and grand-daughter of the late J.
farniltoo; of Bangour, Mid-Lothian.

DIA RRIED.
On the sth inst. at'l3albrigigin Church, Ireland, Anna,
;niece of A. Flume, Esq. Teller of the Exchequer, and
Igrand niece to the Lite Earl of Macartney, to F. L. Dames,
Esq.
_of Greenhill, Queen's County.
On the 24th inst. at St. Marylebone, E. Wilson, Esq.,
eldest son of C. Wilson, Esq., of Regmaden-park, in the
county of Westmoreland, to Anne Clementine, only daugh-
ter of Lient.-General Sir T. S. Beckwith, K.C.8., Corn-
I n ander-in- Chief at Bombay.
On the 24th inst. at West Hans, Captain A. M'Neill,,
leldest son of J. Al'Neill, Esq., of Collonsay, Argyllshire,
tti Anne Elizabeth, fourth daughter. of.J. Carstairs, Esq
of Stratford •green, Essex. .
On the 24th inst. at St. Mary's, Lambeth, the Rev. J.
G. Donling, M.A., Master of Crypt Grammasusetioul,
Gloucester, to Mary, second daughter of C. Field, Esq.,
of Laml eth.
DIED.

On the 24th inst. Hannah., the wife of Mr. CradOck,
Carcy.street, Lincoln's Inn, aged 46. • • 1
1 On the 23d inst. at Kempsey, near Worcester, Lieut.-
!Cd. Ludovick Grant, late of the East India Company's
;service, in his 81st year.
On the 25th inst. in City terrace, City-road, Mary.
!Ann, the beloved wife of Mr. George Cox, of
_
. _

On the 234 inst. at the house of Lord Lilford, in Charles-
street, Berkeley-square, Hest, r, wife of the Rev. J. J.
Ilornby, Rector of Winwick, Lancashire.
On the 23d inst. Edward James, the beloved son of
Mr. Mivarr, of Lower Brook-Street, in his 13th year.
On the 21st inst. in Cole-Arbour-lane, Emily Sophia,
second daughter of Mr. W. Bridges.
On the 23d inst. at Alfred- place, Camberwell, Miss S.
Bond, in her 45th year.

On the 20th inst. George Tripp, Esq., of Staverly,
Yorkshire, third on of the late John Tripp, El. bar-
'rister-at-law.