The Sun.
London, England, 1863-08-13 00:00:00

~~ ~

Zuz.

~~i~.

LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 13, 1863.

The more closely these more recent events of the
American war come to be looked into, the less
apparent becomes the reason for the sudden exulta-
tion of the Federal multitude headed by their
President. Vicksburg has fallen it is true.
JOHNf;TONE has retreated. LEE has withdrawn his
army from Maryland back again across the Poto-
mac. The Confederate Commander-in-Coief has
retired indeed still further southward, having
passed through one of the convenient gaps of the
Blue Ridge on his road towards Culpepper, where,
assuming a purely defensive position, he finds the
enemy confronting him, though at a respectful dis-
tance enough. MEADE'S army of the Potomac
having returned to the old position held by them
(some time before .MeeDE assumed the chief command
with such exemplary diffidence) on the line of the
Rappahannock. Granted all this, however, the
result above specified still remains behind, now
that we begin to look through all the hazy
vapouring of the Northerners, that, as Pro-
fessor LONGFELLOW has it, "things are not
what they seem," or at any rate not precisely what
they seemed only as it were but yesterday. General
JOHNSTONE has retreated, but—he has not been
routed. His forces are not victors—but at the very
least they are not dispersed, being, on the contrary,
held admirably well together. Again, General
GRANT'S successful troops—described so very
recently as outnumbering their antagonists almost
overwhelmingly—turn out, in point of numbers, to
have been very considerably exaggerated. And
since this revision of the Federal statements as to
the relative strength of the forces respectively, at
this juncture, under the banners of GRANT and of
JOHNSTONE, it has been shrewdly calculated that
the predominance numerically must before much
longer, in the regular course of events, turn rather
in favour of the Confederate Commander. The antici-
pation, here, resting princi pally, it should be remem-
bered, upon the all but certainty, as we may call it,
of JOHNSTONE'S at present inadequate force being
nearly doubled by the simple exchange of the
Vicksburg garrison, now upon parole. A judicious
correspondent of one of our contemporaries main-
taining the probability of this " doubling-up" (in a
totally different sense from that intended SO
recently by the Federals), this actual doubling-up
of the Confederate force under JOHNSTONE, by
reason simply of the circumstance of there being,
as the writer opportunely remarks, " a very large
number of prisoners dae to the South on account."
Hence, because of these arrears alone in the striking
of the balance, this same anticipated doubling-up
of the Confederates under JOHNSTONE in the
country of the Mississippi.
Westward of that river still remain fully
thirty thousand of the Confederate forces
in arms—biding their time, perpetually on the
alert for their (next opportunity, waiting
for the close of the last deleterious warmth
of the season, waiting for the recruits certain not
to be waited for in vain. Whatever yet has oc-
curred in these recent transactions disadvantage-
ously for the Confederates—Sumter has not fallen,
neither has Savannah, nor yet, again,has Charleston
Charleston was to have 'alien for a dead certainty,
and yet Charleston still obdurately holds out. Be-
sides which, turning from isolated positions to the
situation and condition of the main army of the
South under their redoubtable Chief, General LEE
—we hardly know in what terms sufficiently igno-
minious were to be described the most fitly the situa-
tion into which the Confederate Commander-in-
Chief had been driven, and the condition to which
his main army had been reduced. Both of these
gigantic advantages being due, of course,to Northern
prowess, directed by the consummate generalship of
the new Federal Commander-in-Chief, General
MEADE—ad last, as head of the Northern
army, that almost despaired-of desideratum, " the
right man in the right place." The demoralisation of
LEE'S forces, the utter discomfiture and craven flight
of that boasted Captain of the South, were words
feebly expressing the actual state of things subse-
quently to the close of the great battle of Gettysburg,
and the subsequent hasty re-crossing of the Poto-
mac by the defeated and almost routed Confede-
rates. This—according to the Northern flourish of
trumpets, audible only too plainly upon the morrow,
so to speak, of President LINCOLN'S rididiculous
serenade ! Facto, those horribly stubborn things,
however, showed soon afterwards that again the
New York narratives had been grossly, even more
grossly than ever, exaggerated. General LEE'S
defeat at Gettysburg was it appears so little of a de-
feat after all, that it turns out simply to have been
(contrary to custom with him it is true)—No Victory.
Flight there was none. Rout, as applied to any portion
of his valiant army, were a phrase simply ridiculous.
So fir from anything whatever of that kind having
occurred, in relation to the Confederate troops under
LEE, those troops, we know now for an absolute
certainty, have been withdrawn by their Com-
mander quite deliberately, quite calmly, without
haste, or opposition of any kind, taking with them
not only the whole of the very considerable sup-
plies seized by them while in Maryland, but carry-
ieg off scot-free in their train as many as fifty
pieces of the Federal artillery, captured by them
while on the other aide of the Potomac

Meantime, there is one circumstance related about
the Federals, in regard to their most recent pro-
ceedinga in the conduct of this deplorable war,
there is one circumstance Bo novel and so
cruel of its kind, as to be (we cannot but call it)
nothing less than a most dastardly innovation. A
circumstance, it is, moreover, that has already
twice of late called for words of the sternest re-
probation. These mrnarks having reference to the
continent poeiticn in w hick the negto regiments j

were placed in the assaults made respectively by the
Fedi forces, now upon Fort Wagner, now upon
Port Hudson. The unfortunate blacks being obvi-
ously placed in that conspicuous position, in both those
assaults, simply for the purpose, it would seem, of
distr acting the attention of the foe from the advanc-
ing troops of the North, and of concentrating upon
the not appy negroes the fire of the beleagured
garrisons! As the correspondent already alluded to,
signing himself S. in the columns of our principal
contemporary, scornfully remarks, " It is something
new, in an age like this, to drive white American
conscripts at the bayonet's point to the work of
invading and destroying their fellow-countrymen ;
but, beyond this, it will remain an indelible brand
on the future history of the Northerners that they
could not fight a people of less than a fourth of
of their own numbers without getting negroes to
help them." Remembering what the apologists of
the North affect to regard as the origin of this
miserable war, the course thus pursued by the
North in these two most disgraceful incidents, is
one not an iota lees contemptible of its kind than if
the Yankee warriors were upon each occasion
fighting behind the shelter of so many petticoats.

If a too active and officious Government has i
ot to b
evils, as we are all ready to isadmit, itdrawbackse
n
questioned that there are very s
active
enough. an Administration that h
enough. It is very annoying ttoahave
tradeet ct
de
manufacture harassed by constant inspection, and
d
laws ; to be unable to
passrestricted i
fromc onetown meddlesome
t o
another without wasting
rte b y
precious hours at the bureaus of indifferent officials ;
and we in England are so much in the habit of
trusting to private enterprise, and of watching with
a iealous eye any new assumption of Government
authority, that we seldom complain that our con-
stitutional authorities are doing too little; or, if we
do, we are very ready to accept the usual stereotyped
reply that it is not desirable for Government to
interfere. But there are cases in which King LOG
is nearly as bad as King STORK, especially if King
LOG refuses to let other people do his work. India
may place defective legislation in the very first rank
of her national drawbacks, and the hopeless view
which so many of her statesmen persist in taking
of her capabilities and prospects has helped much to
retard their development. It is better to be too
sanguine of the fortunes of a nation than not san-
guine enough. In the one case every chance will
be given to the national fortunes, in the other the
gifts of nature are neglected and left unused. The
recent Address,:delivered by Sir ARTHUR COTTON
to the Cslcutta Chamber, shows very clearly how
much this been the case in our vast East Indian pos-
sessions. The subject of the eminent engineer's
discourse was the connection of irrigation and
navigation with the finances of India, and his re-
velations of the perverse indifference of the Govern-
ment to so wonderful a source of health, plenty,
and capital is really marvellous. The facts he
states are nncontroverted ; the arguments he draws
from them are clear and logical; the evidence
which supports his views is open to any one's in-
spection, yet year after year the land is left waste,
alternately parched with drought and submerged
by floods, while fever, sickness, and famine prey
upon a population who might be living in health
and plenty on the produce of the land were it once
properly drained and irrigated. Some years ago
Sir AtTHUR COTTON was despatched to visit the
provinces of Cuttace and Pooree, that were endan-
gered. by the changes taking place in the great
rivers ; and having seen in Madras how cheaply
and easily districts liable to the double catastrophes
of flood and drought can be raised to proportionate
prosperity and comfort, be drew up a comparison
between Cuttack and Tanjore, showing, he says,
the comparative results of grievous neglect and
moderate care." His report was of course tossed
aside, disregarded, or, as he says, with well-merited
satire, " The report of a man who was writing the
results of nearly forty years' practical experience,
and who supported his propositions by confirmed
results over a vast extent of country, was submitted
for the decision of a gentleman not quite oldenough
to be his son, who had never seen a weir or an im-
proved delta." Another report on the state of
the country between the Hooghly and the
Ganges was treated in a similar manner,
and the City of Palaces has been left to
suffer the ills of bad water, delayed communication,
and a fever-stricken neighbourhood. The scheme
which Sir ARTHUR COTTON
proposes by which to
regulate the flow of the mighty Indian rivers is a
very simple and comparatively inexpensive one ; it
is, too, one which Nature herself is the first to faci-
litate. He proposes to construct large tanks in tha
upper basins of several rivers in which he has
reason to believe he can store any quantity of water
at a very trifling cost ; and it is important to re-
member that such tanks answer a double purpose by
supplying water in time of need and in diminishing
the floods in the country below. Those unfamiliar
with the subject are apt, says the engineer, to
suppose that works of great extent are needed to
control floods. But it is generally only the last pool
or two that does the mischief, and a flood seldom
lasts more than a few hours at its height ; so that
a comparatively small body of water detained for a
time will divest it of its dangers. The materials for
the works are ready to our hand. The Soane alone
has water enough for a million acres in the
dry season, besides supplies from other rivers.
The money that is laid out in providing
for the passage of heavy floods through bridges in
the low country, might, says Sir ARTHUR COTTON
very justly, have been more effectually and satisfac-
torily spent in preventing the floods by storing the
water in the upper country, so that India at this mo-
ment might have had large stores of water in the upper
basins of every great river, while in the dry season
a fresh and plentiful supply of one of the first ne-
cessaries of life would have been flowing through
the plains now parched and arid, while the demon
of fever would no longer find a potent agent in the
stagnant pools, from which the people are compelled
to drink, and all this without any additional out-
lay ! The greater part of India affords remarkable
facilities for such a scheme in the natural basins
which only require small gorges to be closed to con-
nect them into vast water tanks. As a proof of the
comparative expense of the method proposed and
that now followed, we are told that water can be
thus stored at the rate of about half a rupee
for one thousand cubic yards ; while at
present it is raised from wells in the dry
season, at a cost of from two to five rupees per
I,eoo cubic yards. The difference between the fer-
tilising properties of fresh water, and that which has
already percolated the earth must be well known
to every agriculturist. In the plains south of the
Ganges, it is found that from a dam thrown across
the Soane a line canal can be led on a dead level to
Allahabad, a distance of 170 miles, thus providing
for the supply of water to the whole plain west of
the mouth of the Soane and south of the Ganges.
The profits resulting from such a change are almost
incredible, but can be essay believed by those who
have witnessed the disastrous effects of a " dry sea-
son." As a proof of the value of water in India,
we learn that a gentleman had a piece of land which
he let at sie annas an care; he dug a well thirty
feet'dcep, when he let the stale land at six rupees
an acre, The Scone projea i 5 iL:endcd to irrigate

two millions and a quarter of awes, mod to
bring a plentiful supply of water to Ca►cutta,
which by the provision of the necessary water power
will be raised to tha highest biddings. This will
add but little to the expense as a supplement to the
original scheme, while its advantages to Calcutta
will be incalculable. The Oude project is still
larger and less expensive from the nature of the
country. The engineers calculate that they can
readily supply eight millions of acres in this pro-
vince, so that the whole area from Itohilcund to
the Ganges and the North-Western districts of
Bengal can be irrigated and their produce brought
down to Calcutta for export to the foreign markets
—a result equally encouraging to British enterprise
and native industry. We are not surprised from
Sir CDARLES WOOD'S general policy that while the
local authorities encourage the scheme, the Govern-
ment have as yet done absolutely nothing with these
startling facts before their eyes. The accoucts
leave the subject out altogether, though their reve-
lations might convince the most sceptical. Such
perversity and inaction have been the bane of India.
Why should one of the largest and most important
of our possessions be governed according to preju-
dice ? No colony peopled by Ecglishmen would
have submitted to such a rule, but advantage is
taken of native ignorance and indolence. Such con-
duct is the more extraordinary from its financial
effects. Sir ARTHUR COTTON, in his able and in-
teresting address, to which we shall return at an
early oppportunity, gives what may be called a
Budget of the irrigation expenditure and profit,
whose "unanswerable logic of facts" does not reflect
very creditably on the India office or the Calcutta
authorities.

According to all accounts affairs are progressing
most satisfactotily regarding the Congress at Frank-
fort, which is fixed to take place on the 16th of
this month. The Emperor of AUSTRIA has worked
wonders so far, and it is to be hoped that he will
go on prospering in his good work, and by uniting
divers interests and joining severed links in unity,
be may succeed in his grand design and realise his
noble project of rehabilitating the state of Germeny.
Of course there have been some contretemps to en-
counter, and some difficulties that would not be
surmounted, but that is to be expected in the
natural order of things when an important national
undertaking is set on foot, and where so many
rivalries and jealousies are perforce awakened. The
King of PRUSSIA has evidently aspired to the
honour of becoming the Marplot on this grand
decisi In, and is determined that if any progress is
made no one shall say that it is his fault, or that he
had any share in the plot or plan. The interview
between the Sovereigns at Gastein, from which
event so much was expected to accrue, and of
which so many beneficial results were predicted,
seems to have been a failure. Count BISMARK is
certainly King WILLIAM'S evil genius, he haunts
him like a shadow, and is ever on the spot to do
away with any good impressions made by others
and to insinuate his own views in contradistinction
to the opinions of new and better advisers. The
EMPEROR, it i 3 said, invited the KING personally
to attend the Congress. This circumstance
certainly renders th© refusal the more
ungracious, and gives a more marked charac-
ter to the already too significant denial. Of course
in a verbal explanation so much mare could be said
and treated of than in a stiff and formal dispatch, and
therefore it can be from no lack of comprehension
regarding the object and intentions of the EMPEROR
that the unwise and unexpected denial was uttered.
The excuse given for the KING'S absence is most
absurd, and of course M. BISMARK figures promi-
nently as the cause. He, it is said, desires the Mi-
nisters to have a conference before the Sovereigns
do so. H the object of this unexpected alteration in
the programme be to preclude the Prussian Minister
from using any power or exercising any influence
in the deliberations that take place, and the plans
that are resolved upon, certainly the resolution to
decline the invitation is a wise one, and likely to
prove conducive to happy results. It is to be pre-
sumed that the enlightened statesman whom tome
doubtlessararbiter
consider as a heaven-born minister pri-
vilegedich has toe rof tu
his r
maker u
le or
themar
destiniesth e fortunes
o fprinces,
o f
is States,
highlyan d
the
indignant at the want of respect and reverence
wh
asbeenshoewciuestntohy otherhisde Powers. A
mands,andthue
ignoring t
Ccesar acct Nail is his motto, and since he may not
bring his skill to their counsels, and exercise his
eloquence to rule their actions, he will have nothing
to do with the affair, and uses his potent in-
fluenceatnod bringthus his a
da master e toc 0
aursewroandgoptd:d-.
It is very an m
shortsighted, too, on the part of the KING
and his Minister not to see the grand chance trey
are throwing away so recklessly, and the glorious
opportunity that may not occur again speedily, and
perhaps never in their lifetime. If Prussia now
draws back from this conference of nations she
will lose a place she may never afterwards regain,
and forfeit the chance of giving advice and imparts
in influence on momentous occasions. It is stated
:kitting that they are in a position
haderieneae
eb
se dinget na
"the
fordge ry tenhcsi
sedß
p:
ful. ovrfGsp
purpose
1 teemnl
oaNnfncd
pEarrt i o n the
rstboueypmotmrdh teeocirculate
dat ast iht leyai tn
It is most probable that
abne ahemldissai
be feared
the denial is true, for it is to that the
tonFtroauthkefo(.:to2n,
King of PRUSSIA is not likely to chcose his son as
his representative after the serious differences that
have taken place between them on the subject of
the changes that have been made in the constitution
of Prussia. In reality there could not be a better
envoy than the PRINCE, who bppears duly impressed
with the importance of free institutions, and, so far
as can be gathered from his remarks on various
occasions, to entertain very correct notions re-
garding the maintenance of popular rights.
However, it is not very likely, for that
very reason, that the CROWN PRR:CE
will be selected as the representative of his country,
which had better not be represented at all if the
same misguided views and mischievous policy are
to rule and actuate her Statesmen and be firmly
upheld by her King. It is said that the Emperor
of AUSTRIA is not influenced by personal desires of
ambition, but is solely actuated by the desire to
benefit Germany. It is to be hoped that this is the
case; and certainly, so far, he has shown a
spirit
of firmness and an enlightened policy that do hint
infinite credit. His desire to improve the condition
of Germany is the more remarkable when so much
confusion reigns in the councils of the surrounding
states, and in some places there are raging such
strife and anarchy. In Prussia, for instance, there
is an universal feeling of discontent now rife among
the people, and liable at any fresh provocation to
entail serious consequences. Poland is in a de-
plorable state ; and the present condition of Rus-
sian affairs is rife with discord, engaged as is the
Court of St. Petersburg in disputes with nearly al'
the kingdoms of Europe. It is at this critical
juncture that the Emperor of AUSTRIA seeks to
restore Germany to her pristine power. The
grandson of FRANCIS the Second endeavours to
renew some of the advantages and to revive the
greatness that has been decaying since his grand-
father resigned the Imperial crown of Rome. It is
eNttd that the objets Frepeeed by the CoEferetee

is the union of the several princes, that every State
should heep its sovereignty intact, but that there
should be complete unity amorg their several rulers.
If this result is achieved, the Congress now about
to take place will have effected more good than
generally ensues from such meetings, that too
often begin and end in wordy warfare, and have
nothing stable or lasting to chow for the result of
their vaunted intentions.
FRANCIS JOSEPH has
come forward in an unexpected manner at this
time, and it is to be trusted that he will redeem
the Fledges he h-,s given of good will to the true
interests of all States, whether they be Em-
pires Kingdoms, or Confederations. He has
evinced a desire to be ruled by the
principles of truth and justice in contra-
distinction to the arbitrary laws of despotic
councils, and in doing so he has conferred signal
benefits on his own dominions. If he now seek to
impart the same influence elsewhere, and show to
those who are perplexed by distracting and diverse
opinions that union is strength, and that the brtsts
of all strong constitutions it the recognition of po-
pular rights, he will be dcing the greatest service
in his generation, and earn for himself a place in
history that is only accorded to the benefactors of
their kind, whether they be crowned heads or
obscure individuals. When a powerful Monarch
joins the march of progress and follows enlightened
views, the best results are sure to ensue, and the
most propitious events may be confidently es-
pected, without any undue hopes being indulged
in, or the beholders foretelling a too flattering
augury.

Mr. Coxwell's Description of a Balloon Sur-
vey of Portsmouth, &c.

As my recent aerial reconnaissance at Aldershot
had been witnessed by Mr. Brown, the proprietor
of the Portsmouth Recreation Grounds, I was ap_
plied to by that gentleman to ascertain whether I
would attempt any experiment of a similar charac-
ter at this famous seaport. Having explained the
nature of my engagement at Aldershot, and that it
was in compiiance with Government orders, Mr.
Brown decided to have a public ascent. I agreed
to make one or two conditions—Firstly, that it
should take place if the wind was fair for the Isle of
Wight;secondly, that I would offer no objection
if I could even skirt the coast or proceed somewhat

the inflition of my
Mr. Douglas, the engineer of the gasworks, in-
tended to make very considerable preparations for
mammoth balloon, but time
would not permit him to do so by the 10th, on
which day Mr. Brown had promised to have an
ascent.

It was doubtful cven whether my balloon—the
Evening Star--could be filed, so that I borrowed
a small one from Mr. Gouens, and it was well filled
by the appointed hour-7 o'clock—the wind at that
timo being fresh from the westward, which occa-
sioned much doubt as to whether I would make the
ascent or not.
Relying upon the careful observations I had pre-
viously made with chart, compass, and pilot bal•
loons, and allowing for local variations. I left the
North-end Gardens at 7.15, with full confidence as
to my probable course. The scene which opened
out in the space of five minutes was altogether
novel. Instead of the widespread landscape, so
familiar to aerial voyagers, with its variegated sur-
face of green and brown fields, I now had a com-
manding view of a beautiful island and of a town
and harbour so surrounded by water, with the
Channel beyond,
that
re-
liance I had in the dire, had it not been for the
c,ion of the wind, appearances
would seem to indicate that I was likely to be blown
away due south, and to drift out to sea. Although
I was provided with an excellent barometer, ther-
mometer, &c., by Negretti and Z imbra, and pre-
sented to me by Mr. Glaisher, I had very little op-
portunity of using them frequently, and I felt how
valuable Mr. Glaisher's presence would have been

in the car.
What most engaged my own attention was a gene-
ral survey of the town, fortifications, and shipping,
with a view of military applications for war pur-
poses. I was agreeably surprised, the atmosphere
being clear, bow well I could perceive and count the
cannon mounted on the ramparts, the ships in ordi-
nary, and, by their white streaks and portholes,
their relative
sizes, whether corvettes, cdo rmvieltitteasry ,stronghold
frigates,
o
or
lof p
ine-oofr-tbsccatcttlie,hsbeis a ps. The bold and 'ending features
might have been canvassed in an interesting man-
ner had I bad companions, instead of being alone.
I very soon satisfied myself most thoroughly as
to the extent of objects visible to the naked eye
and tot n ordinary vision assisted by a common
opera-glass. At 7.3 s—barometer 26.6, thermome-
ter 46—1 saw through a glass the visitors on
Ryde. pier promenading. The distance could not
have been less thi n seven or eight miles. I observed
also marines or soldiers of the line in front of a
guard house, and several steamers between Gosport
and Southaea Castle. Being soon over the water, I
had to withdraw y atteation and look Aheadna . The
course of the balloon was direct to Chichester,
a more sell' herly breeze began to alter my bat
o
urse,
and I hoped to reach Goodwood, where we so lately
descended after a scientific voyage from the Crystal
Palace. As the shades of evening came I fo'ind I
was making for several extensive woods on hi
ground between Singleton and Arundel.
As I
crossed the first wood a large meteor shot .or shot towards
but over the balloon from an easterly direction
another quickly following ; and although ,
upon their sup Posed altitude, and felt I relied
personal
security, Yet I could not but compare my situa-
tion to that of a ship whiii
re
two across her bows, or perhaps
a 241b"Ivesashot orrocket,
as a warning to haul to or alte
course in obedi-
to the dictates of an enemy.
The late hour of the night,
and the high
upon which Nora Wood is s ground
situated, compelled me to
cast anchor aODg several
high
beech trees. Indeed,
na
I had to let off gas end leave the ballo
all night before I secured and packed i
suspended
it up. Several
gentlemen volunteered to assist me at day light, and
we proceeded at 5 o'clock to the
with ropes, ladders, and hat place of descent
hatchets, ready to lop off
boughs or fell a tree, if necessary, rather than in-
jure the saloon.
, was obliged to return to
tree at least 60 feet from terra firma down a
0e ground. In the morn-
ing the balloon had quietly slid down through the
boughs, and was not in nay
way damaged.
The magnificent and complete bird's-eye view I
had of the Isle of Wight
would occupy too much
space and time to describelVlooday was most .
Altogether, my voyage
on•
exciting, and in many respects
Peculiar, differing, as it did,'
beg therefore to furnish you with from
my own account
previous trips. I
of it, trusting that some few of your readers may
fiud it interesting.

CULTIVATION OF PEACHES AND NECTARINES.--
Peach and nectarine trees thrive well in the same
kind of border that is made for vines; and it is requisite to
lay a quantity of hard rubble or strong gravel beneath the
border to prevent their roots running down. In a
span-
roof orchard-house plant the trees on each side of the centretbe
walk, at a sufficient distance from the walk, that
be
branches will not obstruct the pathway, but they
.w.". y,
allowed to extend over the pathway at seven feet hil:riamtl.h•
both sides of the house are planted in this man: with
peach, nectarine, and plum trees alternately,
effect.
a perfect grove, which will have a most enchantingthe ill be
hibberd's Gardener's Magazine.
THE COMMISSION ON THE Hp,—A LTrx OF OUR
her all the
INDIAN TROOPS.—After getting g
evidence they could think of or deg
miss Nightingale,
cm/ wieners put it into the hand.slo
ret,itheetinvestigating
inqui, y is in great
to whom the institution of th
measure due—requesting her f;e,
c°naltely chose to print her
.wlio :lent on it for their
guidance. They wisely
convey some very
commentary with their r:Plodrtf.°l:tu:n:
natoaybe hoped that it will
also be published separately, that
important knowledge to thousands
of
ff
=persons who never
enormous Blue-
dream of sitting down to the study
book.—Once a Week.
A YANKEE BULL.--'A Massachusetts judge has
decided that a husband may
open his wife's letters, on the
ground—so often and so tersely stated by Mr. Theophilus
. t. the. husband and wire are
Parsons, of Cambridge—the— ,
that one i
011 e, and OW ale ttilb Ar4d is

1 LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

HER MAJESTY'S JOURNEY.

BRUSSELS, AUG. 13 (Noon).

Her Mcjesty Queen Victoria and the Royal
chi:dren arrived yesterday evening at the palace of

Lacken.

The King of the Belgians and the Duke and
Duchess of Brabant received the Royal party at

,he private railway station.
The Queen's suite were conducted to the palace

at Brussels.

A grand dinner was given at Lacken in honour
of her INl6je,ty.

DENMARK.

REFUSAL OF THE KING TO ATTEND THE
FRANKFORT CONFERENCE.
COPENHAGEN, AUG. 13.

The King of Denmark has declined to be present
at the conference of the sovereign members of the
German Confederacy, to woich his ?Majesty was
invited by the Emperor of Austria.
A grand military camp will be established and a
review held at the end of this month near Danne
kirke, in Schleswig, The King will visit the
camp.

aERM A N Y .

VIENNA, AUG. 13.

Very animated conferences took place yesterday
at Gastain between the King of Prussia, the Crown
Prince, and Herr von Bibmark.

It is asserted that Prussia intends to secede from
he German Confederation.
The Crown Prince left Gastein yesterday.

SPAIN,

MADRID, AUG. 12.

It is reported that the Council of Ministers has
approved of the new situation that has arisen in
Mexico, and will despatch a special envoy to Paris.
Senor Pacheco is spoken of as likely to be sent to
Paris, Senor Bravo Gonzales going to London.

AUSTRIA AND MEXICO.

VIENNA, AIM. 13.

The Oesterreichische Zeitung, in an article on the
election of the Archduke Maximilian to the throne
of Me4ino, says The acceptance or refusal of
the throne is, up to the present time, a personal
affair with the Archduke. The Austrian Govern-
ment has in no way interfered in the question, and
taken no part in the negotiations relative thereto.
The Emperor Napoleon, in communicating direct
with the Archduke, has also perfectly maintained
this point of view. Negotiations have been opened
solely between the two high personages, and not
between France and Austria. The conduct of the
Emperor has thus been marked both by courtesy
and loyalty.

" The situation of Mexico might lead, at a later
period, to differences with America_ But all this is
irrevelant so long as the matter has a personal cha-
racter, apart from politics. It is for the Archduke
in his wisdom and in consulting his own tastes to
see whether ho will enter into this affair, and what
guarantees he can obtain. The Archduke is too
experienced a man to accept the offer of the Mexi-
cans before their country be entirely submitted, and
before it has expressed itself tht ()ugh the medium of
freely-elected representatives.
The Oesterreichische Zeitung concludes :—" Tho
whole subject is one of a very delicate and difficult
nature, and must be treated with prudence and
ability."

WEST INDIA AND PACIFIC MAILS.
60U IHAANIP TON, AUG. 13.

The Royal Mail steamer Seine, with the above
mails, arrived off the Needles at 1.10 p.m. to-day.

FRANCE.

PARIS, AUG. 13.

The Moniteur of this morning publishes a letter
from Pekin, dated the 13th June, stating that the
insurrectionary movements in the southern pro-
vinces are creating serious embarassments to the
Government.

BOURSE, Aug. 12.—Business continues I:mited in
amount, speculators keeping away as much as they
can in contequence of the heat of the weather.
Threes, for the Account, are unvaried at 67f. 45c.
The Railway Share Market quiet, but prices were
pretty well maintained. The market closed as
follows :

it per Cents . . 96 50
Do. end month....
3 per Cents
Do. end month 67 40
Credit Mobilie- lOB2 50
On, end mnnth 1077 50
Bank Shares 1365
Credit r oncier 1250

Italian Loan —
Do. end month —
New ditto —
Do. end month —
Russian
Austrian
Spanish Threes.,,
florae Debt -

RAILWA.YB.

Cash. Account.
Orleans lO2O .. 1017 50
Northern
New ditto -
Lyons and Medi tGrran can 1026 25 .. 1027 50
Geneva..
Southern 7OO .. 698 75
Western ........ 525 .. 525
Eastern ....
Sardinian .......... • • -- --
Austrian
Lombard
North of Spain
• •
Saragossa
• •
352 50 .. 348 76
Ditto to Barcelona