The Sun.
London, England, 1863-04-06 00:00:00

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THE POLISH QITEST =•-: 'l-."%, -;
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The Courier du Limanche publishes ""triitfdai. '
lowing documents. the first is a circular atdresaelt S
by Lord Russell to Lord Nepier, dated the 2d of
March; the second is a circular addressed on the 4th
of the same month to the representatives of England
abroad.
We translate them from the French translation
of the originals.
" LORD RUSSELL TO LORD NAPIER, AMBASSADOR OF

-t ' <.

ENGLAND AT ST. PETERSBURG.
" Foreign-offiee, March 2, 1863.
" NY Lord,—Tho Government of her Majesty is much
concerned at the state of things in the kingdom of Poland.
It sees, on the one hand, a great portion of the people in
open insurrection against the Government; a considerable
military force occupied in putting down that insurrection.
The natural and probable re suit of such a struggle will be,
it may be supposed, the triumph of the military forces; but
this triumph, if it is obtained by a series of combats, will
necessari y be aecompeni, d by a lantentab:e effueion of
blood, by a considerable eacrifiee of human life, and by ma-
terial calamities of every descriwioe, the effect of which.
will be felt for many years to con.e. On the other hand,
the acts of reciprocal violence and cestructioe, inseparable)
from a struggle of this nature, will fo> eibi y engender hatreds
which will envenom in future the relations of the Ruesian
Government with the Polish. nation.
"Nevertheless, while regretting the existence of this sad
state of things in a foreign country, the Government of the
Queen would not deem it advisable to express its sentiments
ect in an official manner, if special circumstances
on the subj
did not place it, as regards the act al conditolion
and was of Poland,
in a peculiar position. The kingdom of P con-
stituted and bound to they ussian empire by the treaties of
1815, to which the Engh Government is a contracting
party. The present unhappy state of affairs must be attri-
buted to the fact that Poland is not in the position laid down
by treaties. Poland, moreover, in no longer in the position in
which it was placed by the Emperor Alexander I. Under
his reign a national Diet sat at Warsaw, and the Poles of
the kingdom enjoyed the necessary privileges to insure their
public welfare.
"Since the year 1832 symptoms of discotent n and agita-
tion commenced to evince themselves, which were followed
from time to time by revolts and useless bloodshed. The
Government of the Queen is aware that the immediate cause
of the present insurrection was the conscription recently im-
posed upon the Polish nation ; but that measure itself was
only adopted in consequence of the discontent which the
Poles felt at the political condition of their country. The
landed proprietors and the middle classes could not put up
with it, and if the peasantry did not show themselves so
hostilely disposed, at least they did not support the Russian
Government.
" Great Britain, as one of the Powers that signed the
Treaties of 1815,and deeply interestedin the peace of Europe,
feels itself consequently authorized to express its opinion
upon the events of which Poland is the theatre, audit is de-
sirous of doing so in the most courteous manner towards
Russia, with the sincere wish of contributing to the we
of all parties interested. Why should not his Imperial
Majesty, whose benevolent sentiments are universally re-
cognized, put an end, once for all, to this sanguinary
struggle by generously proclaiming an immediate and com-
plete amnesty for all his revolted subjects, and by announc
ing at the same time his intention of restoring without de-
lay to the kingdom of Poland its enjoyment of the civil and
political rights granted to it by the Emperor Alexander 1.,
conformably to the stipulations of 1815 ? If his Majesty
did this, a National Diet and Parliament would most pro-
bably content the Poles, and give satisfaction to public,
opinion in Europe.
"I request you, my Lord, to read this despatch to Prilloo
Gortschakoff, and to leave him a copy of it."
RUSSELL."
The Courrier du Dimasehe also give the follow-
ing as the material passage of an English diplomatic
circular of March 4, to which a copy of the above
despatch was annexed. Earl Russell begins by in-
forming the diplomatic agents of Great Britain of the
step which he had taken at St.-Petersburg, and begs
them to communicate the despatch of March 2 to
the cabinets to which they are accredited
EXTRACT.
" Foreign-office, March 4.
" In the opinion of her Majesty's Government the trans-
mission of analogous views on the part of the representatives
of the Powers who signed the treaties of 1815 to St. Peters-
burg might tend to put a atop to the effusion of blood and
to re-establish the Polish people in the enjoyment of rights
promised to it at Vienna, and of which they have so long
been deprived. Her Majesty's Government fancies that
the best means of assuring the peace of Europe would be to
restore to the Poles the privilege of a Diet and of a national
Government. "RUSSELL."

A manifesto has been issued by the Polish chiefs,
dated from their camp at Bialowicza, March 24,
appealing to Europe, and ( specially to England and
France, for sympathy and assistance in their
struggle. They ask that a contingent of 30,000
troops ehonld be sent to Poland, bringing with
them 100,000 rifles, and they promise with this aid
to make short work of the Russians. The docu-
ment thus concludes :
" We have said that we have confidence in the success of
our holy cause, relying, in the first place, on our own
strength, then on the support of all civilised nations, and
even partially on the Russians themselves. If, abandoned by
all, we succumb, it will be a woe for Europe an for Rus-
sia, which is fighting for the maintenance of slavery. As
for us, we shall be free in the tomb ; but no, this catastrophe
will not take place. We have an invincible ally in eternal
justice—in Providence, which bids us march and fight to
death. We repeat then, as the Crusaders of old, God
wills it.
" Brethren in civilisation, French, English, Italians,
Hungarians, Swedes, Belgians, Tcheques, Sclaves, Rou-
manians, Greeks, Portuguese, Spaniards, and Germans,
accept our warm thanks fer the sympathy which )ou have
manifested up to the present for our success. Cease not to
labour for the triumph of enlightened public opinion, and
in return, when Poland shall be free and independent, we
promise you that you will never see the forms of Musco-
vites, of Cossacks, of Tschoudes, of Mordonans, of Carbar-
of Per-
diens, of Tschermeeses, of Kirginaes, of Kalmucks,
miens, of Baskirs, of Pegonlitsches, of Ostaks, of all those
instruments of that moral and material pest which is now
actually making war upon us with the tactics of Tamer-
lane and of Gengis Khan to perfection brought by the
Court of St. Petersburg."

(From the 2 intes' Special Correspondent.)
BRESLAU, APRIL 1.
The Provisional Government have resolved to lay
down arms. The bands are to disperse and the
people to throw themselves upon the mercy of the
Czar. So runs the latest Warsaw intelligence. I
have sufficient reason to doubt the credibility of the
statement. Not that I am going to aver the re-
solve has not been taken by the parties concerned;
this, of course, is a question we shall not be
able to answer before the lapse of a few days;
;
but there is abundant evidence to prove,eve
now, that, if actually adopted, the measure oughtnd
to be regarded as a stratagem and pert
a
of
parcel only of a plan, the ulterior development
which is left to no distant time. Never have ems-
engaged in fanning the
fie aarmi ees beenf
v
Never, indeed, has revolution been more powerful
all over the north and east than at this time of al-
leged s urbem iosmlsuioot rine°. n titcht
Neverne ldy during
have gthe last few days.
the bands been
equally numerous and well armed in Lithuania, Pod-
, Ischia, and Flock; never have armed succours been
never,
more r lavishly
pointish lyGalicia, and
fromofacti: ohsaesn'one half of the
country been equally deserted
by the troops, and
left to the unimpeded operationsh of the insurgent
Poles. Add to this,that
la,ffhoorrdne;d
of the national Governmeentpapers in the confidence
have never ceased to
preach the'holy war, and to this
very day continue
their
endeavours to represent the rising as a feeble
beginning only of what is coming ; and you will
have no • difficulty in realising the motives
of those
doubting the pacific intentions, and shaking their
heads
in wonder at the sudden discouragement of
the directing boards. A telling proof in this latter
respect is furnished by yesterday's article in tee
Czas, rejecting the offer even of independence un-
less couplal with the restoration to Poland of Lithua-
nia and the provinces. No period, moreover, would
be less likely to induce surrender than that inaugu-
rated by the installation of General Berg, the ter-
rible vindicator of Russian supremacy in 1831. I
am therefore inclincd to believe that the mot d'ordre
has not been given at Warsaw, but somewhere else.
and that a suspension of hostilities, if resolved upon,
ought to be regarded ss no guarantee for the paci-
fication of the country or the disappearance of tho
question.

OAT-SOWING EITRAORDINARY.—Mr. I). Ander-
son, in the employ of Sir Gore Booth, of Lissadell,
accomplished, on Monday last, the extraordinary task of
sowing 24 stones of oats on one acre and ten perches in the
abort space of fourteen and a half minutes. Mr. Anderson
used both his hands on the occasion, and, judging
frt‘m what
we have been told, the work appears to have boon done
without much apparent effort. The time was kept by Mr,
Martin, the steward, and can therefore be relied „I with
certainty.--. Sago Independent.