The Sun.
London, England, 1839-08-22 00:00:00

DIVISION OF THE OTTOMAN

EMPIRE.

(From Captain Slade's pamphlet, entitled " The Sultan

and Meheinet Ali.)

" The extent of the nominal Turkish empire, and
the diversity of nations which inhabit it, have always
precluded the exercise of a firm government, and the
Egyptian ruler could not expect to he more successful
in controlling it permanently than the Solimans or the
Selims renowned i❑ history were. lie would do so for
a while, as they did, but the original source of weak-
ness would remain in over-extention and in the totally
opposite character of the Mussulmans north and south
of the Taurus, differing as much as the French and
Spaniards. The distant provinces have ever been as
gangrenes to the Ottoman Porte. The Hungarix)
provinces were the cause of a century of destructive
wars with Austria. Egypt and Bagdasl have been
ceaseless fountains of civil war and anarchy, and Syria
has been the same in a less degree : they offered too
strong an inducement for ambition to resist. There is
ample space for two splendid empires, separated by
Mount Taurus, and abutting in the valley of Ararat,
each of which would become stronger than the whole has
ever been, from the effects of concentration : each of
which has all the materials for becoming great and
prosperous. By cutting off Syria, Egypt, and 13,1gdad
from the empire, would nothing worth having remain to
the Porte ? Could Roumelia and Anatolia be par.ll-
- as a kingdom, for extent and beauty and natural
wealth ? Asia Minor alone is an unrivalled spot on the
globe : in form and extent like Spain, bounded on three
sides by the sea, on the fourth side by a lofty chain of
mountains ; with similar productions and a finer climate.
A►► imposing and a worthy object here offers itself to
civilised Europe, to effect the tranquillity and well-being
of the East on broad and rational principles. Consent to
the division of one empire into two : out of a huge dis-
jointed mass of separate interests make two States, and
the prosperity of all will be placed on a sure basis. The
moment is favourable : the great obstacle to any practi-
cal arrangement, Sultan Mahmoud, is no more."
The advantages which Turkey herself, together with
England, would derive from the partition of the Otto-
man empire are thus insisted on :
" For the sake of Turkey, for the sake of Western
Europe, for the sake of humanity, the question between
the Porte and Egypt should be settled at once, and that
can only be accomplished by Europe not withholding
from Mehemet Ali what never, in the history of the
world, has been withheld from any man in his position.
Can Europe annihilate his power? If so, let her do it
at once ; but unfortunately for Russia she cannot. Union
is wanted. France and England will not join in a cru-
sade, and, even were they to think of such a thing,
where are their forces to attack a man who has a hun-
dred thousand men flushed with victory—with deserts,
and a cause—the cause of the Mussulman against the
Christian—in his favour? Russia has plenty of troops,
I believe ; but if she were to send any in defence of the
Sultan's cause in the valley of the Euphrates, not ten
men in a hundred would return. She would find
some difference between Diebitch's opponents and
the Egyptian troops, and she probably has not
got a better General than Ibrahim Pacha.
Those among the Russians whom sickness and want
spared, the Kurds and Bedouins would dispose of.
Hopes were entertained from a revolt of the Syrians,
but they will be disposed to remain quiet after the late
battle. Calculations have been hazarded on the ephe-
meral nature of Mehemet Ali's power, but even those
most opposed to him begin to think that it is fair to ad-
mit of some duration to a State raised by wisdom and
fortified by victory. It is ridiculous to suppose that
Turkey will be in a condition to resume hostilities, even
were it possible to imagine a warlike disposition at Con-
stantinople ; her recently-routed troops were brought
to their ranks, for the most part, in fetters, and will not
be caught again. Some thousands of the prisoners have
entered the Egyptian service. The Albanians and Bos-
nians have refused conscripts all along ; and the Kurds
are not likely to submit to the new regulation, now that
the army is dispersed which has kept them somewhat
in check the last four years. Some persons talk of our
destroying Mehemet Ali's fleet, as if that were as easily
done as said, and is scarcely possible if it remains in
Alexandria, although, as that would not materially
affect his position now, the act would be rather gratui-
tous, as well as be attended by some cost to ourselves.
The destruction of the Egyptian fleet, could it be con-
templated, would be a second edition of Navarin.
" A fow words will show the advantages which all
the world, except Russia, will derive from the Arabian
Monarchy recognised by Europe. It will exist in one
form or another, although Europe should not recognise
it ; but in the latter case Turkey and England will be '
less benefited. I couple Turkey and England, because
whatever is advantageous to the one is so to the other.
England and Turkey have two objects in common. One
is the increase of commerce between the two countries,
which is only to be effected by ensuring repose to the
latter ; the other is to exempt Turkey from the ne-
cessity of Russian protection, and this can only be ac-
complished by removing all subjects of discord between
her and Syria. It is not enough that Mehemet Ali be
virtually independent, that the Divan express itself
ready to listen to his counsels—not a vestige of supe-
riority ought to be left to the Porte. There must be
a total separation of name and title, or the remedy is
incomplete.

" So long as the Porte may entertain a hope, no
matter how nourished, or at whatsoever distant period
to be realised, of re-acquiring dominion over Syria, so
long must a feeling of hostility exist in the bosom of the
Arabian Potentate, and consequently the pretext for
the treaty of Hunkiar Skellesi will remain. The ob-
ject of that treaty was to protect the Porte from the
Paella of Egypt, but, deprive Mehmet Ali of any mo-
tive for injuring the Sultan, and the necessity ceases.
As long as Europe regards Mehemet Ali as a vassal in
any way, so long will he be the enemy of Turkey, but
from the moment he is recognised as a Sovereign he
becomes her ally, and will prove the firmest bulwark
for Constantinople. A moment's reflection on the sub-
ject will convince anybody that the Mussulman ruler of
Syria, whoever he may be, must infinitely prefer to see
the Turks masters of Constantinople than the Russians :
because Russia is ambitious, and of an aggrandizing
mood, while Turkey is supine in temper, and sinking.
" The treaty of Hunkiar Skellesi between Russia and
the Porte, by which all ships of war, save Russian and
Turkish, are excluded from the Euxine, and in virtue of
which Russia may be said to be the exclusive pro-
tectress of the Porte, expires in June, 1841. If the
in,lependent position of Mehemet Ali is not settled
by Europe before that time, the obnoxious treaty will be
renewed. If, on the contrary, Europe wisely acknow-
ledges him, there will be no occasion to renew the treaty.
The paramount influence of Russia at Constanti-
nople owed its completion to the anomalous position of
Mehemet Ali, which enabled her to flatter the Sultan's
hopes of recovering dominion, at the same time to prac-
tise on his fears by pointing out the consequences olano-
ther victory by the Egyptians. By altering the name of
that position, and rendering it analogous with reality,
the Porte, not caring for Russian assistance, would
no longer behold 3 friend in her deadliest foe. By recog-
nising Egyptian independence the tables would be turned.
Egypt would become at once the ally of Turkey, and
Turkey cease to require Russian protection, since that
was only asked for and continued on account of Mehe-
met Ali."

POST-MERIDIAN HOURS.—" It being found
by woful experience that many ordinances in Parliament
had passed. in a most indirect manner, at unseasonable
hours and thinne houses, the shame and dishonour of that
royall councell, and ruine of the kingdome, Sir Benjamin
Ruddier, (a grave, wise, and witty man), stoode up and
made this motion, that nothing should be putt to a final
vote upon a thinne house (under a certain number), or
after twelve of the clocke; for, Mr. Speaker,' says he,
e plainly find that post-meridian votes are as dangerous
and pernicious es nocturnal lucubrations,' reflecting upon
their night workes and hellish designs hatched at such un-
seasonable houres."

NORTH AND SOUTII WALES BANK.—At the
annual meeting of this bank, on Friday, in the Clarendon.
rooms, a very numerous and respectable body of the pro-
prietors attended, and the report of the directors, as to the
state of the bank, was most flattering. After deducting
100001., set aside for a reserved fund, they were enabled
to declare a dividend of 7 per cent. per annum for the half
year ending 30th June, and stated that every branch of the
bank was paying a handsome profit. The expense of the
new building in Brunswick-street would not exceed
12,0001., including cost of land ; and the directors, from
the numerous applications which had been already made
for offices, had every right to expect that when completed
they would sit rent free. Itiwas stated by the manager,
that the bank had not, and never had any transaction with
the Phomix Bank, and that, owing to the arrangement of
its management, it was almost impossible that any defalca-
tion could take place in any of its offices, without instan-
taneous detection, and that every officer had given heavy
security to the bank. The directors had personallyt had
and the accounts, and had actually counted h
and bills in possession of the
• Cy the proprietors
found all correct. This they did to satisfy
The two re-
of the correctness of the bank's proceedintr.se-eted,
several branches, and had
and the
tiring directors were unanimously r.er
meeting dissolved.—Liverpool Chronicle.
1:1'; magistrates is t Irvaot ensi an o
was
on ao
Union
begged of the
as it would
Flail for stealing a mutton chop,
SUMMARY
Tuesday committed j
U n
fori s p i
trialc T
byr
value threepence. The
bit
t inconvenience to prosecute. The ;hisetrraftreosmtowdhiosmposteheofar!rhtieclecawseasssutmolmenaribly,
put him to great inconvenience
with
'd they could not. the request. A
Magis-
tratesela
use said
id been introduced into the new Police Bill recom-
mending a summary jurisdiction in cases of this descrip-
tion, but the Legislature had thought fit to strike it out,
and therefore parties charged with petty thefts, as well as
with more serious offences, must, as heretofore, be com-
mitted for trial.
PRIZE FIGHTING.--This sport was ever a
favourite amusement with our aristocracy, and judging
from the pertinacity with which certain "arguments" in
favour of it are daily put forth in a fashionable paper, we
should infer that this brutal and
degrading exhibition has
lost none of its attractions in their eyes. A patrician in
the Post protests that "by prize-fighting the chivalrous
sentiment cf fair play has been inspired into the lower
orders; and it is an enlarged philosophy to encourage
this feeling 1'

EVEN ING EDIT

I THE CORN-LAWS AND SH
! It is calculated that --*

-474 vcr

millionst
of specie have
b,,,,o,coneinotohtisoflastthisye
ea
or oen i
tgr
yh
olely owing to the Corn-laws. Pad our trade been
fit eight
emiinilipelia'sce
o f worth
gold,of goods
ando
ur wouldi have
beet,
,ex
in-
stead
.sf lying idle, at an immense loss to the
ma-
nufacture.", would have been employed much tohi
that of the rest of the community,
profit, and
while the weaYers would all have been earning
good wages, insteat2 of flying to Chartism as the
only relief to their &toss% For these eight mil-
lions of gold we have received in exchange four
millions of quarters of wheat, anaTit may be fairly
estimated that, as not more than a thousand quarters
were brought on an average in one ship', 4,000 ves-
sels have been engaged in completing the irliportaCon.
We believe we are within the mark when we sayth et
notone-fifth part'of the grain was brought to this coun--
try in British ships,and that, consequently, nearly
the whole of the wheat came here in foreign bot-
toms. What is the reason ? British ships are so
much preferred that the corn merchant has often
been known to pay cheerfully three shillings per
quarter more to have his grain carried in native
vessels than in foreign, the security of the goods,
the excellence of the hold, and the honesty of the
Cap'ains are so much greater. If, therefore, the '
corn dealer can at all get English vessels, he won t
take any other. But the Corn-laws force him to
employ foreign shipping almost exclusively. The rea-
son is this. Could grain be always imported at the
same duty, or at no duty at all, the corn merchant
would be able at any time to calculate upor. the price he
would get on his purchases. But, as the duty fluctu-
ates in the ratio of the amount imported, and of the
home produce, it may to-day be one shilling,
and In
a week ten shillings per quarter. Each dcaler istherefore compelled to run a race with his L'elgh-
bour, who shall first get his grain home and piL'hed
into the market at the lowest duty. By the de.laY
of a for,tnight a merchant may find that the quantit.v
of grain )relieved from bond is so great in the inte-
rim, that his cargo can only be sold at a duty which
makes his purch.ases a total loss. What is the conse-
quence ? He has no! time to look about for a ship,
and charter her at a moment's notice. Above all, he
cannot suffer the delay which the provision for an
outward freight would produce. The post that
is just going to start to fifty corn port,s, affords at
once the speediest method of transacting his busi-
ness, and if one correspondent fails in securing a
vessel, there are twenty more that may succeed.
In the meantime, he has leisure to cast about for a
return cargo, or the foreign shipowner may write to
his English correspondent to secure a freight, and
so all parties are accommodated. If the duty on
grain were always the same, or if the price of wheat
were steady, which would be the case under a free
trade, the profit upon importation would not de-
pend upon dealers running a race with each othev.,
and British vessels, which our Dorn-merchants much
prefer to any other, would command the whole car-
rying trade. At present Our merchants are mere
gamblers ; their success depends altogether upon
the rapidity with v6hieb their imports are made7.and.
consequently foreign shipping gets all the beneffrof
the competition, while our own lies rotting in trni
harbours. The port of London is not at present
.ti such a flourishing condition, that it is a mat
ter of indifference to her shipowners whether she
should keep to herself or give to foreigners, a trade
that affords freight to three or four thousand vessels.
—Anti-Corn-law Circular.

TAMPERING WITH THE NULL

TARY.

MA NCHES TER, A UG. 20.—The following pa-
per, copies of which had been distributed amongst
the soldiers, was found in the lodgings of Timothy
Booth, who has been lately arrested :
" Soldiers—Read this (alluding to some other
paper), and after you have done so, ask yourselves
the following questions :—Must I at the word of
command fire upon and destroy my fellow-creatures,
more especially when policemen have aggravated them
almost to madness, hired ruffians at 3s. Gd. per day,
who enjoy all the pleasures of life, and I as a sol-
dier at 13d. per day, exposed to all kinds of wea-
ther, horrified almost to death in protecting those
very policemen who have been the aggressors ?
Forbid it humanity ! Forbid it justice ! Forbid
it God ! We have seldom heard of a grosser act
of injustice than has been practised upon Anne
Peacock, a soldier's widow, of Morpeth, by this
notable Board. She is a widow nearly blind, af-
flicted with rheumatism, which renders her unable
to make any endeavour. She was formerly in the
receipt of is. Gd. per week, which was reduced to
ls., and finally taken off altogether. She had been
two journeys to Alnwick, personally waiting upon
the Board, where she received the most harsh and
unfeeling treatment from the Churchwardens and
others, and was told that she would get 21s. 6d. to
take her home, but nothing more ; and that if she
could not support herself she must come into the
vvorkhouse. Therefore, if this poor widow does not
choose to sell her furniture and become degraded to
a workhouse pauper, she may starve. He had bee'
in twenty-six general engagements, besides skir-
mishes; was at Egypt with Abercromby, and at
Waterloo ; received some dangerous wounds,
and returned home with a broken constitution,
where he soon died, and this is the treatment his
widow receives under the provisions of that most
accursed Poor-law Bill ! Read ye this, ye soldiers,
whom the enemies of the people are so anxious to
let loose upon them, to silence their just demands
by the bayonets ; and learn what afterwards are in
store for your widows, after you have spent your
days in defending your country, or more ingloriously
repressing the demands of justice of a great but
horribly oppressed people."
In this prisoner's house were also found one
musket and a bayonet, a fowling-piece, a pistol, a
dagger, 24 ball-cartridges, 102 leaden bullets for
pistols, and 262 bullets for guns. There were
also found in his cupboard 70 leaden bullets
and half a pound of powder. The Magistracy and
military are on the alert to meet any emergency.

LOSS OF A VESSEL AND ALL HER.

C R E W.

It becomes our painful duty to notice the loss of
the schooner Dispatch, belonging to Salcombe, and
all her crew. The Dispatch was a fine schooner,
the property of Messrs. Diddon, Pearce, and others,
of Salcombe and its neighbourhood, being built in
that harbour, by Mr. Vivian, a short time since,
and was fitted out by her spirited owners in the first
style. She had taken on board a cargo of coal, for
Denia, in the Mediterranean, and on her way down
Channel, put into Salcombe, from which port she
again sailed on Monday, 29th ult. It came on
to blow very heavily shortly after she sailed, and
continued bad weather on that and the following
day, though no fears were entertained for her safety ;
but on Thursday, her boat with its fastenings was
picked up by the Mothecombe coast guard. This
led to a belief that all was not right, and on the fol-
lowing day the worst fears were realised, the
vessel having been discovered sunk about
three miles off Stoke Church Point. On
Thursday Mr. Bothway,
of Devon-
port, on the part of the owners, proceeded
to the spot to survey, in order to determine whe-
ther it was practicable to weigh her. He reports
that it is practicable should the weather be fine -
and we understand the owners intend to make ap-
plicationtardthfeo r e assistance.ast
o of
theMery
Thei
vessel
is about
a tobo
ut thesi
xllmo Dock-yard
miles
Stone, and about three miles off the shore, nearly
abreast of Stoke Church—her head lying in the
N.N.W. direction. Mr. Bothway is of opinion that
she must have been run down. From what he
could see of the wreck at low water it appears that
her main-boom has been carried away ; it shows
about 8 or 10 feet above water, hanging to the
wreck either by the sheet or the mainsail ; the fore-
topmast is seen about eight feet down at low water;
the yards and sails appear in a very deranged state ;
the foremast and part of the topmast are also
clearly visible.—Devoupo7( Paper.

_______-----=-------_
• 1
EFFICACY OF BLEEDING.—At an inquest
held on Tuesday before Mr.
wCaasrtegru,itoen .citehaed.bodjyutoorf_a
man who died suddenly, a juror asked the surgeon in
attendance if he had attempted to bleed the man ? The
bheeetrniedno.twoorbsleee;d him ; if yOu
surgeonfßa
ill to si utrheesl surely day
soheuewdoi
would
you could not
hur,i the man if he was dead. Witness—Certainly not
but it would have been useless, as the deceased was dead
fu II ten minutes before I saw him. Juror—Why, Sir, I
was dead, meat least to all appearance, for a full hour , but
mightld not,
leave
the surgeon who was called in tried to bleed me, and
succeeded, and here I am a living proof of the benefit of
using the lancet. I wish surgeons would use it more
frequently in such cases.

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