The Sun.
London, England, 1863-04-29 00:00:00

" IV.

And though the legend itself is dark it speaks to us
nevertheless of Albion, and tells how daylight shall
first break upon us from her cliffs, and then the Turk
shall water his horses under the walls of Cracow.
Lo I beneath the funeral pall the heart of Poland beats
once more. Guest, thou art surely the wished-for herald
of the joyful Wings."

Allusion is made in the last two stanzas to a
popular legend, written by a Polish Cossack named
Wernyhora in 1768, when the confederates of Bar
rose against the Russian invasion which preceded
the first partition. The prediction is to the effect
that the first signs of the restoration of Polish inde-
pendence will come from England, and that then
the Turks will water their horses before the church
of St. Mary at Cracow. At present, if the Russians
are not actually at the foot of this church, they can
be seen nevertheless from the highest of its two lofty
towers. The sky is now beautifully (dear, and from
the belfry of St. Mary's any one, with a tolerably
good glass, can see the Cossack patrons keeping
guard outside the ruins of Miechow.
During the dinner an immense crowd had assem-
bled in the market-place, which the wineows of the
Ressource overlook, and the soldiers were called out
to watch the proceedings. An enthusiastic cheer
was raised for Mr. Hennessy, which was repeated
with increased vigour when he appeared to acknow-
ledge it. Not only did the troops not interfere, but
many of them—probably the Poles and Bohemians
of the regiment—raised their hats and waved them
in the air. The crowd was composed of persons of
all classes, and, for the most part, of tradespeople,
workmen, and peasants.

April 21.
The following order, addressed by the Governor
of Galicia, Count Mensdorff, to all the principal
functionaries or the province, has just been commu-
nicated to me:—

" IMPERIAL LIETJTENANCY, LEMBERG—No. 662.
" As the passage of men and transport of arms into the
Kingdom of Poland, with the view of aiding the insurreo-
tigll; Rtill coutilawo, I cauot noonamend 7O f3tr9 agl9

enough to use all means in your power to put an end to this
troublesome agitation.

" For this purpose local guards must be established every-
where, and orders are to be given to the authorities in
every village to inform the chiefs of distracts, without de-
lay, of every passage or assemblage of strangers, wherever
it may take place. The chiefs of districts will then, without
delay, arrest all such persons, either on their passage or at
their place of meeting.
" In places where the authorities have no other aid at
their service the peasants, under intelligent direction, may
be employed.

" The authorities must proceed to execute the presen
order with energy and zeal, and all attempts to assist the in•
surrection will prove ineffectual.
" Lemberg, April 6."

" MENSDORFF,

We have beard to-day of one effect of this order.
A number of pe,sants, under what Count Mensdorff
would perhaps call " intelligent direction," stopped
a lady travelling in Galicia, and searched her, for
the purpose of ascertaining whether she was a
woman or a man in woman's clothes. Galicia is now
under the absolute, irresponsible government of the
peasants, and the educated classes will have to thank
them, and not Count Mensdorff, if outrages in the
style of the massacres of 1846 are not committed.
No head money, it is true, has yet been formally
offered, but the peasants have not forgotten how
liberally they were rewarded for the murders com-
mitted under the " intelligent direction" of the Go-
vernment now 16 years ago.

Domiciliary visits continue to be made every
night in Cracow. At all well-regulated hotels the
proprietor knows beforehand at what time the
police may be expected, and the waiters go round
to the various rooms whispering in a mysterious
voice, " Revision ! Take care of your papers." I
leave the only paper the police have any right to
trouble themselves about on the table, and go to bed.
Between six and seven o'clock in the morning—as
soon as the outer door of the hotel is open, so that
people can get in without knocking—a party of
Austrian police make their appearance, and demand
admission into each room in succession. After seiz-
ing my passpoi t and examining the lithographed
signature of the Foreign Minister in the right hand
corner with great care, they exclaim, " Ail right,
Sir Russell," and go away. So few English travel-
lers come to Galicia, and during the last two years
such perfect liberty of locomation has been allowed,
that none of the newly appointed local officials
know what to make of an English passport now
that the Government has once more returned to its
ancient habit of regarding all strangers with sus-
picion. It is said that when Mr. Finkenstein passed
the Galician frontier both the Austrian and Russian
functionaries insisted for some time that he must be
" John, Earl Russell, Viscount Amberley, a Peer of
the United Kingdom," &c. Had they continued
under this delusion it would not have saved him any
the more from the ferocity of the Russian soldiers.
The Marquis de Montbel, late an officer in the
Zouaves of the Papal army, had some trouble with
his passport yesterday, which led to the police hav-
ing some trouble with the Marquis de Montbel. M.
de Montbel is a young man not yet of age, and I be-
lieve his father has requested that he might not be
allowed to carry out his intention of joining the
Polish insurgents. However that may have been,
the police deprived him of his passport, sur-
rounded him, struck him, and endeavoured to
arrest him. 40n receiving a blow, however, the
young Zouave wrested a sabre from the hand of the
nearest gendarme, and annoutsced his determina-
tion to perforate the first person who approached
him too closely. The Commissary of Police now
altered his tone, and promised to allow the French
officer to depart in peace, if he would first of all
lay down the sabre. " Pas si bete Vous me
prenez petit etre pour un Allemand," was the reply;
and M. de Menthe! kept his adversaries at
bay until he reached the street, where he was re-
ceived by the Polish public with loud applause. The
passport, however, was not returned, and M. de
Montbel, who is naturally rather indignant at the
manner in which be has been treated by t he Aust
police, went this afternoon to Vienna, intending, it
is said, to lay his case before M. de Gramont.
The Hungarians have collected a considerable sum
of money for the Poles, a portion of which has been
spent on linen, lint, and arms. Inquiries instituted
by the military authorities of Hungary led to no-
thing, as the arms, &c., had already been forwarded
to Cracow. A letter from the other side of the
mountains informs me that in the formerly Polish,
now Hungarian comitat of Zips, three proprietors
of Polish origin, Prokopovics by name, whose family
was established in the province before the first par-
tition, have just been arrested for issuing an address
calling upon the Hungarians to take up arms on
behalf of Poland. There is an immense deal of
sympathy, and even enthusiasm, for the Polish cause
in Hungary ; but I am told that there is no orga-
nised plan for gathering subscriptions; that there
is some doubt as to what ought to be done with the
money when it is collected, and that numbers of
persons who are anxious to join the ranks of the in-
surgents do not know where to get information as
to the means of doing so. The Poles, as I have al-
ready remarked, are in no want of men—unless, in-
deed, they come ready armed, as the majority of the
Hungarian volunteers doubtless would. But they
stand greatly in need of rifles and ammunition, and,
therefore, of money, for 'which—if enough be only
forthcoming—rifles and ammunition can be bought
anywhere, under all circumstances.