The Sun.
London, England, 1830-10-07 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRENCH PAPERS.
(From the Messager drs Chambra of Ort. b.)
PARIS, OCT. 4.

M. Alexander Von Humboldt urriveil ut Paris
yesterday. We learn that Ikl. 41a Werther, Minister
Plenipotcatiary of his Altijesty the King of Prussia
at Paris, has received his credentials to his Majesty
Louis Philip I.
(Correepoudeoce of the Messayer des Chandires.)
MUNICH, SHPT. 27.

On the 24th, 25th, and 26th there were some
disorders here. The regiment of cavalry in garrison
refused to do duty, under pretext that it was ill paid,
and treated arbitrarily. The other troops of the
garrison were sent against that regiment. The
people took the part of the regiment of cavalry, and
some blood was spilt.
The combat was chiefly in the suburb called the
Au (the meadow). Prince Charles, the Kingla
brother, riding through the city on horseback, was
wounded in the arm by a musket-ball. The people
loudly demanded the change of the Ministry, winch
they considered as devoted to the Jesuits. •The pre-
se►tee of the king, who arrived here on the 26th,
has calmed the people's minds a little. One of his
Majesty's first measures was to change two Mini..
steed. M. J. Pfcffel, Ambassador to the Court of
France, is named Minister of Foreign Affairs, and
M. ittidhart Minister of Finances. At the moment
of my writing, numerous patrols parade the city.
The Burgher Guard does duty. The night has
been perfectly tranquil.

MADRID, littn.

Yesterday arrived here Don Jouquim Magalloo
with despatches of the highest importance, addressed
by the Emperor of Austria to our Court. Being by
chance at Vienna, his relationship with our Minister
at that Court caused him to be intrusted by the
Emperor with this mission. His Majesty has tran-
mitted to the Council of State the contents of these
despatches. Nevertheless, nothing hiss yet transpired
to satisfy the curiosity excited among the diploinstie
body, particularly at Count Brunette's.
The king and Queen of Sicily have authorized
Don Francisco and his consort to be their proxies as
sponsors for the young Prince of whom it is hoped
the Queen will be delivered.

His Majesty has just sent a decree to Don Lon►a
de Cordova, allowing him to travel in. Italy for the
recovery of his health. He retains his pout of Mi-
nister Plenipotentiary at Berlin without being pet-
mitted to come to Madrid.

(From the austitutiowsel,)
THE BELGIAN QUESTION.

PAP S, O("t'. 3.
The diplomatic negotiations relative to Belgium
cannot be dismembered of two facts—ht, the conew
plate and absolute separation of :Belgium from
Holland; 2d, the cessation of rule in the House of
Orange. Every other arrangement would be
essentially vicious, and would excite storms. We
make this remark because we understand that the
English Cubinet would proceed in its diplomatic
measures upon the assumption of an arrangement
beta can King William and the Belgians, upon the
grounds of an administrative aunt constitutioeut
separation of Belgium, but which would !entre it
still under the House of Orange, &twee the shots
have furrowed the streets of Brussels, every arrange-
, ment of-this kind has become Impossible; iiisteed
of ending the diipute, it would make it, mote bitter ;
it would be a subject of vexation and discord.. The
forfeiture•of the House at Orange is an event which
is accomplished.
The diplomatic negotiations can, therefore, only
enter upon a prospective question, upon the admit-
Ilion of Belgium, constituted a distinct nation,
amongst recognized powets. 'When once this
question is admitted, all the others will adjust them.
selves. The iudependence of Belgium gets over a
vest difficulty.
As to the form of government which Belgium
will adopt, of what consequence can this be to
Europe ? Whether a federative republic or an inde.
pendeut State, she cannot disturb Europe ; her in.,
terms are altogether distinct from those of France
Prussia, and England; the new governm
ot site may
choose will not interrupt the getieral peace.

The proceedings against the • Society of the
Friends of the People, of whielt we gave en account
in yesterday's Paper, is a new and u hundred-times
repeated proof of the enormous error committed in
retaining the magistracy of Charles X. It is a great
evil ut all times, and especially ut the cos meirco.
anent of u political regeneration, and the outset of a
new government, not to yield to the vaiee of piddle
opinion. In unch u ruse, the nationuf sent un tat list!
surest WO best Ruts reason. A virvlttrivintsee rrttt
leis unfortatitite is the prosecution itself. ,Ntres tht:re

such an urgent necessity as to render it a duty to
risk the moral authority of justice ? If a political
jury is to be applied to, upon plausible grounds, to
demand judicial explanations from men who boldly
proclaim the rights of the Duke of Bordeaux, and to
inquire whether this boldness of speech is connected
with any crime, would it not also be tolerated for
the purpose of criminating the theories and acts of
a popular assembly ? Is it very certain that the dan-
ger is greater, the suppression more urgent, when
the question relates to such a meeting held with
open doors, than when it respects congregated
agencies, which not long ago had power, and domi.
veered over the Throne and the Ministry, Paris and
the departments-which :night, at the present mo-
ment, with perfect ease, take up their scarcely broken
threads, reorganize their intrigues, and resume their
correspondence with foreigners ?
Whatever be the fact, the scene which took place
yesterday in the Correctional Police is most dis-
tressing. It was not the accused who were upon
trial; the Judges, with their President, M. Dufour,
could not conceal their perplexity, to say no more;
and were compelled to confess their obligations to the
defendants for restricting themselves to generalities.
raetacts ratans.--PAuts, OCT. 4.-Five per Cents,,
951. 211 c. 40e. 70c. 65c. 70e. Boc, 85c. 90c. 961. 951
90e. 85c. 75c. '7oc. 50c. 65c. 45e. 40r. 35c. ; Three per
Cents, 65f. 15c, 65f, 65f. sc. 65f. 651. sc. 15c. 20c.
25c. 65f. 200. 25c. 30c. 10c. 651. ; 'tellies de Naples
651. bk. 65c. 60c. 65c. 25c. ; Rentes d'Espagne, 19
ltif 19; Royal Spanish Loan, .50i 50; Rentes per.
petuelht d'Espagne, 38i /$S BS/ ; Ilaytian Loan,
870. Exchimge on London, one month, 251. 30c. ;
three months 251. 15e.- Caere Authentigue.

DISCUSSION on the PROJECT of LAW to SUBMIT
OFFENCES of the PRESS to a JURY.
CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES, Om 4.

The President took the chair at twelve o'clock.
M. de la Ponsonniere made a motion—l. Pot ex-
tending the jurisdiction of the Juges tie Paix to
causes in which the interest at stake does not exceed
200 f. ; 2. To 0811411 to them the rectification of
acts of the civil state; 3. To give to the Juges de
Nix two Councillors without salary. Ordered to
be taken into consideration after the elections.

M. Etienne brought up the report of the Petition
Committee. The Hon. Reporter said—M. Gallery,
an elector at Laval, has petitioned for the suppres-
sion of every establishment of the Jesuits, and the
final and irrevocable expulsion of the Jesuits them-
selves from every part of the French territory. This
petition was sent to the Chamber anterior to our
glorious Revolution. Before that broke out, M.
Gallery called the attention of the Chamber to the
sinister influence of this society, which had wearied
mankind by its intrigues and pernicious attempts.
The ordinances of July, and the bloody consequences
by which they were followed, attest that the peti-
tioner was not deceived in the melancholy forebod-
info which induced him to denounce those ambitious
priests as plotting the ruin of our institutions, and
the debasement of our country. The great national
victory has dissolved this sacrilegious league, which,
under the mask of religion, spread throughout
France principles of disorganization and moral cor-
ruption. It was the natural ally of an hypocritical
and crafty Government, which speculated upon the
degradation of the people to delude and enslave
them. Invading the schools in order to deteriorate
the instruction of the public, the Jesuits founded
those secondary ecclesiastical seminaries by which,
not content with forming in them a clergy sub-
servient to their commands, they allured, with easy
terms and hopes of future rewards, the younger
branches of the lairs to become their creatures and
their slaves. By degrees they obtained the distribu-
tion of every favour and every office, and, infusing
their poison into the Royal cradle, and down to the
lowly crib of the cottage, it may be truly said that
they had obtained universal influence till the 25111 of
July came, to prove that they had attained absolute
power. The terrible full they then experienced
ought not to caotio the Government to be supine as
to their projects, which, it is well known, are never
relinquished. They ever tend to re-unite their seats
tered remnants, even when apparently annihilated.
'tire society resumes its form and consistence by de-
grees it continues to watch every weak point—
discovers, excites, and foments every discord, and
where it cannot dominate, conspires secretly. The
fallen Government fostered it with every care, be-
cause it wait a fellow-conspirator. It bends itself
with wonderful ability, and exercises its delusions
equally on both Kings and people. In proportion
as k wits the accomplice of the fallen Government,
which it had entirely subjugated, and with which it
marched to the violent destruction of our liberties, so
will it be the more inveterate enemy of an authority
founded upon rights that are most hateful in its
sight. its whole tactics must henceforth be eat.
played upon the mass of the people, and by them to
raise against an order of things it detests all the ob-
stacles and all the dangers its restless anti crafty po-
bey is so capable of multiplying with an infernal art.
The new Government, therefore, cannot fix its eyes
too attentively on this dangerous association, whose
doctrine has always taught that oaths may be falsi
hed, and whose statutes are a complete code of per-
fidy, immorality, and revolt. By its numerous elli-
liations, it has constantly formed the ptioriple that
has wrought the dissolution of States, oven when
best organised. Though received into the bosom of
the nation, it takes a pride in disowning its laws,
and acknowledging only those of a foreign chief. In
short, it levies imposts by its miesione—eorrupts the
schools by its doctrines—divides families by its in-
trigues, and disturbs tire kingdom by its treacheries.
A Government that has any sense of its duties can
never tolerate a society which establishes it-
self as an arbitrary power over the legal and
regular authorities of the State. Under these
considerations, the Committee are of opinion that
the observations of M. Gallery. are just and
patriotic, and entitled to the anxious attention of the
Government. However, that part of the petition
which requires the expulsion of the Jesuits from
France, individually appears to the committee to be
entirely at variance with the principle of personal
liberty, which happily is not more conformable to
the national character than to the !awe under which
we have the happiness to live. Proseriptione in the
mass belong to other epochs, and are repelled by the
generous sentiments that presided at 'the revolution
of 18130. The opinions and modes of faith of hob-
viduele are sacred rights; but the Nieto can, and in-
deed ought tt, discard from all participation in the
management of public, attire those whose professions
are at variance with our social institutions; but here
the rights awl duties of the State ore bounded. Opi-
piens cannot be subject to punishment, tintless they
lead to reprehensibie acts or deeds. Tyranny begins
to reign whenever power attempte to prescribe menbs
droughts' or regulate their consciences. The ex-
pulsion of arty &Warhol whatever would be the Inflic-
tion of the penalty of bertishment, which cannot be
pronounced but upon criminals judicially proved,
Let 110 hasten to proclaim, there principles of uni-
versal toleration, which are invoked by all modern
societies, and prove to the undoes who have Hot the
happiness of enjoying liberty, dint it is the prOteetOr
even of those who despise its benefits, so long us
they do not transgress the lows of the land over
which it presides. It is only no far, therefore, as re-
hates to the establishments under the direction of a
society at open war with our imtitutioni, that the
committee proposes to refer the petition of M. Gal-
lery to tire Minister of Public Inattention ; but us
to the second pert, it proposes to pass to the Order
of the Day.,
The reeemmendatione of the committee were
adopted.
Several other petitions were reported, mid dis-
posed,of, but none of them presented any points of
PO,llO interest.

The President announced that u great number of
Depot" bad applied for pasepotts to go to the elec-
tient. ii 4 therefore proposed that the Chamber
should assemble At noon every day this Week, in
order to dispose of the important, measures sub..
tnitted to their deliberations. The Chamber could
then adjourn on the lOth of Oct. to the tOth of Nov.
M. &nerd objected to the adjournment until the

law for attributing offences by the press to the jury
should have been adopted. What took place on
Saturday before the Tribune of Correctional Police
demonstrated the necessity of this demand. Such
a scandal ought to be avoided in future.
The President replied, that this law was on the
order. of the day, and would already have been un-
der discussion, if the number of Deputies present
had been sufficient to constitute a Chamber.
After some further observations from several
Honourable Members, it was decided that on the
10th instant, the Chamber should adjourn until the
President should summon the Members at their own
houses.

The order of the day was the discussion of the
law project for the application of trial by jury to
off,,ncea by the press and political offences.

The President read the first article as follows:

" Art. 1. The cognizance of all offences committed
either by means of the press, or by any other of the means
of publication set forth in Art. 1, of the law of May 17,
1819, is attributed to the Courts of Assize."

M. de Schonen proposed to substitute for the
above article the following :

" The law of March 25,-1822, is repealed. Conse-
quently the provisions of the laws of May 17 and 26,
and June 9, 1619, repealed by it, shall resume their force
and effect."

The Minister of the Interior said that he should
be the last to disavow the law of May, 1819, which
was the most effectual measure, arid the most con-
formable to the constitutional regime of any law upon
the freedom of the press that had ever been enacted
in any country. It was impossible, however, to
sweep away by a simple amendment a whole law
which regulated the liberty of the press. The
measure now- under discussion was not one fur a
ge►►eral legislation of the press, but merely for a
change of jurisdiction. There were certainly pro.
visions in the law of 1822, which it was necessary
to change, such as that which punishes an attack
upon the rights which the King derives from his
birth. A law for making this change would be pre-
sented to-morrow to the Chamber of Peers. It
was requisite that the principles of the revolution
which bad changed the right of the Crown, by de-
claring that they emanate from the people, should
pass into the legislation on the press. There were,
however, other articles in the law which it was ne-
cessary to retain, such as that which punishes bad
faith in the reports of the sittings of the Chambers
and the Tribunals. The right of the Chamber to
summon to the bar those who insult it, and the
power of the ttibunal►i to protect themselves against
insult, must also be maintained. It was lawful to
blame the, entire magistracy, or a part of it, but it
Could not be permitted that a whole tribunal should
be insulted. Magistrates exercised functions for the
protection of society, and by protecting themselves
they protected society.—(Bravos.) The Minister
concluded by proposing the rejection of the amend-
ment.

M. de Schoen was glad to learn that it was in-
tended to change some of the articles of the law of
March 25. In proposing his amendment he had no
intention of sweeping away the whole legislation.
As to insults offered to the Chambers, it was his
opinion that they should be left to die away at the
foot of the tribune.

M. Pelet de la Lox,:re considered it urgent to
adopt the law under discussion without amendment,
because, if un amendment were introduced, it would
have to be sent back to the Peers, and then it could
not be posed before the adjouinment.
M. Valentin proposed an amendment, which
was objected to by M. de Martignac, on the ground
that the present was not a law for regulating the
press, but merely for fixing the jurisdiction by which
offences were to be tried.

At the suggestion of M. de &honer), M. Ville-
main carried forward his amendment to article 5.
The first article was then put and adopted.
" Art. 2. The cases provided fear• by article 11 of the
law of May 26, 1819, are excepted."
M. Vatismenil proposed the following amend-
ment :

" All offences of verl.►ul defamation and slander are ex-
cepted."

The Honourable Deputy conceived that defAtna.
tion committed by means of the public journals, or
other branches of the press, ought to be submitted
to a jury; but that veibal slander should remain
under the jurisdiction of the Correctional Tribunals.
_ _

M. Armin supported, and M. Bavoux opposed,
he amendment.

M. de Martignac could not deny the advantage of
the proposition, but conceived that, with the present
forms of process, it went against the end proposed.
The person defamed was the only judge as to the
prosecution, and the action could only tie brought
with his consent, without the intervention of the
Attorney-General. He admitted that there was
room for useful reforms, but was of opinion that they
could be brought about by an amendment.
M. Benjamin Constant said that the amendment
was good in itself, and he concurred in the senti-
ments by which it was dictated. Ile was fully dis-
posed to support the principle, and recommended
it to the attention of the Government; but was con.
vineed that the moment had not yet come to intro.
duce into the legislation all the ameliorations which
he was among the first to desire. Defamation, in
the opinion of the lion. Deputy, was one of the
great&st offences against, and ono of the most painful
afflictions of, society, and the public would find
the beat guarantee against it by applying the trial by
jury to actions for defamation. • This new benefit
of legislation ought not to be allowed to escape, and
it had bis best wishes for its speedy introduction.
M. Berryer did not see why the proceedings
might not be brought before the Court of Assize,
by following the forms adopted for the correctional
tribunate, and therefore voted for the amendment.
After several observations on both sides of the
question, by NI. lticard and M..lacipinot de Pam.
pelune, M. Vatismenil withdrew his amendment.
Art. 2 was adopted.

" Art. 3. All citifies in which the Chambers, courts,
and trikinsh shall think proper to exercise the rights
granted to them by articirs Ili and 16 of the law of the
25th March, I 822, arc also excepted."

M. Minh Salverte was of opinion that the
penalty comprised in this article would not attain i
the end proposed. Representative assemblies, he
said, were protected by their own acts and the pub-
lie esteem. 'What Chamber, was ever more subject
to such attacks than the National Assembly, and yet
it never prosecuted its slanderers ? Recently a cer-
tain Chamber called the editor of a journal to its
bar, but it was very questionable whether by this
proceeding it raised itself in the public opinion.
The Hon. Member voted against the. article.
M. Lameth conceived that the Chamber ought to
preserve the right of summoning. to its bar such
,persons as commuted outrages against it. He said
that each Peptity might personally despise such
attacks; but in their collective capacity they could
not do so. Would the Chamber suffer to be printed
and published with impunity journals which defamed
it, and encourage the public to massacre its Mem-
bers? In one of these journals it was said—" The
Chamber of Peers is despised. Tho Chamber of
Deputies is beneath contempt." Could such out-
rages be supported, when all France was testifying
to the King and the Chamber confidence and attach-
ment ? Another journal said—" 'I he present
Chamber is afraid of the elections. The elections
are to the Chamber what the rope is to the culprit."
..-(Expressions of indignation.)7-Such outrages
certainly made no impression upon enlightened
minds, but these, Unhappily, did not form the ma-
jority of the community. The Hon. Deputy con-
cluded by declaring. his opinion that the Chamber
ought to maintain its privilege of citing before it
those who insult it—not for its own sake, but for
the good of the country.
M. de Tracy thought the question had been de-
cided by a formal provision in the new charter,which
declares that all offences by the press shall be sub-
mitted to the jury. The Chamber, by bringing the
author of scandal to its bar, would but give oppor-
tunny for its diffusion. The calumniator would
thrill, unti in the very face of the Chamber, repeat
his outrageous language, which probably few, if any

one, had previously read; and at the same time the
Chamber would at once be judge and party.
The article was then put and adopted.
" Art. 4. Prosecutions for offences mentioned in Art.
I of the present law shall be ex-officio, at the suit of the
Public Minister, who shall conform to the provisions of
the laws of the 26th of May and the 9th of June, 1819."
—Adopted.
" Art. b. Consequently Art. 17 and 18 of the law of
March 25, 1822, are repealed."
M. Villemain proposed an amendment extending
the repeal to Art. 12 of the law of 1822.
M. iticard opposed the amendment.
M. de Schonen proposed leaving article 5 as it
stood, and adding to the other articles repealed that
of article 12 of the law of March 2.5, 1822.—(This
article relates to the censorship upon engravings.)
These propositions gave rise to a discussion, in
which Messrs. Guizot and Dupin, sen., supported
the repeal of article 12, in order that the word
" censorship" might entirely disappear.
M. de Martignac, though concurring in the senti-
ments of the above Hon. Deputies, conceived that
the repeal could not be introduced into a law which
was merely a law of jurisdiction.
The article was adopted.
" Art. 6. The cognizance of political offences is like-
wise attributed to the Courts of Maize."

The committee proposed the following amend
ment

" All political offences attributed by the existing legis-
lation to the Tribunals of Correctional Police shall in
future be judged by the Court of Assize."
M. Ricard proposed that functionaries and magis-
trates guilty of political offences should be sent be-
fore the Courts of Assize, instead of the Royal
Courts, as before.

The Reporter stated that the committee had not
thought proper to meddle with so important a
question, or change the existing laws.
M. Dupin, senior, would vote for the article, be-
cause the amendment contained numerous excep-
tions. It could not he proclaimed too loudly that
there were no longer privileges for magistrates or
ecclesiastics. They should all be taught that if they
disturbed public order they would be tried by com-
mon law.

The amendment was rejected, and Art. 6 adopted.
"Art. 7. Are reputed political offences-4. All the
offences provided for by chapters 1 and 2 of the 3d book
of the Penal Code, and by the ►9th article of the law of
March 25, 1822 ; 2. All other offences committed upon
the occa►►ion of public meetings, speeches, writings, acts,
or deeds."

After a brief discussion, Art. 7. was adopted.
Art. 8. The offences specified in the present law, which
are still pending, shall he judged according to the forms
therein prescribed."—Adopted.
Podenas proposed the following additional
article :

Two-thirds of the jury, at least, ehail be necessary to
return a verdict of Guilty."

M. de Martignac observed that there was a law
on the jury, and it could not be changed by a simple
amendment.

11, Podenas replied that it was in this way that
good propositions were always got rid of.
The additional article was put and rejected.
The Chamber then voted upon the whole of the
law, which was adopted by a majority of 191 against
l.s.—Adjourned.