The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1824-05-05 00:00:00

/EU WW2* WOO.

constant grants taught the people lo rely on doe aid olt
Government, rather than on their own exertions. As to
the growth of flax, where Hs cultivation did net exist.
corn was grown in its plow, and found by the peasant
be more profitable ; otherwise the growth of flax would be
preferred and adopted, for it was mot mere expensive.
The Right Honourable Gentleman added, that he had ex-
pressed frequently and earnestly Air anxiety to co-operate
in every effort to improve the condition of the people of
Ireland; but regretted, that with sueb feelings he timid
not support the present motion, as he considered its Object
to he not only impracticable—but if practicable, miselfiev-
ous ; and a measure, that though it Might bring paining
relief tniil assistance with it, would be sure to entail ulti-
mate injury and disappointment. if the sum of a million
were to bt voted by Parliament for the relief of Ireland,
we think it !night at present be infinitely better applied
tlidn to the encouraecthent of the growth of flax, and the
fisheries on the Irish coasts. Plet, in some parts of Ire-
land, is very generally cultivated ; but the peasant who
pays a high rent for his ground will not, u the Chamonix
of the Exchequer truly remarked, grow flax, where corn
will pay him much better. Any money distributed as
Mr. Maberly proposed, should be given as a bounty to thf

NEW THEAME ROYAL. DRURY-LANE.
Thls Erman*. WY:Ws:F.:Y(IIV. May 5. will be performed
rwetor Cmitteell. Mr. Dow tow Mau- ..,.nn, Mr. 1.14t0n; Chit:l'lo(le,
Mr* W. Winw.
Mini: which, MY lilt %ND
Dleky Gaddy, Mr. Ilar:ey: Madame
T., en... Pule n lilt
: nr. TFIF: OF THE STAR.
To-morrow, The Merry Wlyee

. _
THE-4711E It(IY AL, COVKAY-GARDEAr.
This Evening, ACEUNEADAT. May S. will he Performed
PRIDE SHALL HAVE A EALI-
Count Venn's°, Mr. W. Fasten: Torrents', Mr. Jones; Lorenzo.
Mr. t7ooper ; Colonel Piston:l. Mr. Abbott; Major trsl . Mr.
Connor; Cornet Count Carmine. Mr. Yates; Spade. Mr. illaiirhard.
Countess Nentueu, Mrs. Davenport' Leonora, Mir Love; biennia,
Mhos Paton. Tu conclude with
THE SPIRITS OF THE WNW;
Or, TIIE INUNDATION OF THE NH E.
Tomsorrow, Has First Part of King Henry the Fourth.
,IDELPIII THEATRE. STRANI).
ANNIVERSARY OF SHAKSPE VIES IHRTII-DAY;
THIS EVENING being the Annirerstn. both of the Birth and Demise
of our immortal. Wainatist.
Mr. THF.LWALL will begin a COURSE of ORATORICAL and CRI-
TICAL LECTURES On the DRAMA and FoETRY of Past aad Present
Times; to commence with a Dramatic Prologue, Sketehed of Shah's-
! nemesis Character, Oe. and an extempore Oratrwival -Address. After
which, a Disquisitlmi on the higher Restntpites af Dramatie and Panne
IGenius. with Illustrative RectMeincia aN Critical Comments. To
ennelude with the Eulogies of the Bard of Atria. sad an Invocation to
the Shade of Garrick.
Rotes is. Pit :la Gallery 25.-Dours open at haltpaat seven. and
begin at eight. Tickets and Places to be had of Mr. Callan. at the
Box-ottice.

Tilt BRITISH Poses coinnieticed publidhing yesterday morning
at •ix
LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MAy 5, mi.

grower, to make tip the delcicncy to him between the pro-
duce of flax and corn, and the cultivation of the former
would again cease aisoon u the bounty was withdrawn.
Agriculture and manufactures ars very different: the lat.

Lord Lauderdale brought in a Bill last night to remove all
restrictions on the silk trade immediately. The Noble Lord
stated that, his season for doing so was to prevent the two
Bills—that which related to the resuictions, and that which
permits the introduction of French silk goods—from coming
into operation at the same time. Lord Lauderdale said,
he wished the restrictions to be removed Immediately, that
a full year might be afforded to see the progress made in
the machinery previous to the introduction of French silks.
We have no doubt that all the apprehensions entertained
respecting this interesting branch of our manufactures will
prove unfounded, and that in a very few years our ma-
chinery will be so improved, as to have nothing to
fear from French competition, or the most unlin.ited
freedom of foreign importation, in that manufacture.
The silk manufacture in France was originally introduced
from Italy. The fabric of silks, velvets, and brocades,
flourished at Lucca during the 13th century : they were
driven from thence by the tyranny of one of Machiavers
heroes, Castrucci° Castracani. In 1310, 900 families were
driven out of Lucca, of whom upwards of 30 retired to
Venice, and there offered to introduce the silk manufacture.
Their offer was accepted, many privileges were conferred
upon them, and they began the manufacture with 300
workmen. In this way the silk trade was also intro-
duced at Lyons. When the manufacture was first esta-
blished at Venice the materials were all brought from
Sicily and the Levant; the more ancient fabric of silks
at Lucca was likewise carried on with foreign mate-
rials. The cultivation of mulberry-trees, and the
breeding of silk worms, seem not to have been common
in the northern parts of Italy, before the 16th century.
They were not introduced into France till the reign of
Charles IX., and more than half the materials of the Lyons
manufacture are still foreign silk. The manufacture of
hosiery, which now stands so high in this country, little
more than two centuries ago was unknown. The first
person that wore stockings in England is said to have
been Queen Elizabeth, who received them as a present
from the Spanish Ambassador. Till then the hose
were made of common cloth. In the same way the manu-
facture of fine cloths was long unknown in England,
and imported here from the rich and commode' country
of Flanders, and even then the machinery employed was
much more imperfect than it is at present. The woollen
manufacture is now the great staple of this country. In
the same way, we have no doubt, the silk manufacture
will increase, and that the gradual improvement of British
skill and machinery will, in a few years, extend our sale
beyond the home market, and find considerable vent
abroad, where French silks are now taken ; and the silk'
node be yet one of the most flourishing manufactures of
this Empire.
The Bill for the relief of Unitarian Dissenters, we regret
to state, was thrown out last night in the Upper House, by
a majority of thirty-nine; the numbers being 66 for, and
103 against it. It was warmly opposed by the Lord
Chancellor, who said he thought the measure proposed most
pernicious to the Church Establishment. Unitarians, Lord
Eldon asserted, were not Dissenters, and could not claim
the benefit of the Toleration Act, from which they were
particularly excluded. Lord Liverpool, highly to his
credit, supported this enlightened measure of toleration,
in which the Minister stated he could see nothing injurious
to the interests of the Established Church. The Bill received
the support also of the Archbishop of Canterbury and the
Bishop of Exeter; the former said that the law, as it now
stood, caused persons to simulate assent, which was moat
mischievous: repeating the marriage ceremony in one sense
and receiving it in another, was a system of prevarication
forced upon the Unitarians, which his Grace said he wished
to see changed. The Bishops of Chester and St. David's
as strongly opposed the Bill. Lord Lansdown contended
that the arguments of the former Prelate were calculated
rather to stifle the consciences of the Unitarians, than to
promote the interests of the Established Church. Thus
this measure of toleration for the present has failed, and we
regret it sincerely. We wish to see the rights of conscience
respected. Religious belief should be a question solely be-
tween man and his Maker, and no temporal power ought
to interfere. The Unitarians are a most respectable body,
and they should not be subject to ceremonies from which
they conscientiously and from religious principles dissent.
Captain Nlaberly brought forward his motion last night,
for employing the poor of Ireland. The great evil of that
country, the Hon. Gentleman expressed his opinion, con-
sisted in a redundant population, produced by small free-
boids, and the dependence of the Catholic clergy on the
peasantry, which led to their encouraging early and un-
provided marriages. Mr. Moberly wished a grant to be
allotted by Parliament for the increase of the fisheries, and ,
the cultivation of flax. '11,; latter, he said, might be
grown in a manner much superior in Ireland to almost any;
other country, and far exceed the produce of Holland, or
any other place where it was cultivated in Europe. The
lion. Gentleman proposed that the sum of a million ster-
ling should be voted by Parliament for these purposes, to
bo repaid by those to whom advances might be made, and
security given for the discharge : a Commission to be ap-
pointed who should control the advances, and consider to
what purposes most useful such a sum could be devoted,
with the aid of inspectors, who should see that security
was given. The Chancellor of the Exchequer stated that a
sum of from fire to six thousand pounds bad been

ter May thrive under legithitise protection, and at length
arrive at that improved stile in which they may be left to
themselves. lint the tillage of land is wholly different ;
settee was more ghnerally grown, its produce in the market
would be lower, and would never pay the cultivator rain)
the tithes, and taxes of his land, beside the cost °fired and la-
bour. As to the fisheries, considerable protection has of late
years been extended to them, and they are ineresang in con-
sequence all round the coast. There is a Board in Ireland
for the purpose, and Inspectors-General, Who are con:
,tautly and actively employed. We are no friends to the
distribution of large sums as proposed by Mr. Maberly,
and have seldom known theta to produce any good. The
distfibution in the first place is neverahnottimpartially made,
and those who are selected oh the occasion, generally employ
the loan as if it were a gift, and look on it hardship when
subsequently called on for repayment. Any amelioration
that takes place in Ireland, must be accomplished by other
mean,. We are gradually withdratving the Union boun-
ties from the manufactures of the sitter country, and
cannot vote much longer, sums for new bounties on agrictd4 .
tune. It will be seen that Colonel Talbot, the highly re-
spectable Member for the county of Dublin, presented a
petition last night from the fishermen of that coast; it
was simple in its purport, and merely requested that those
bounties under whfth the Irish fisheries have hitherto
been encouraged add advanced, might be continued. The
petitioners expressed their opinion that any sudden aboli-
tion of them would be destructive of their growing pro-
sperity. The subject is equally important and interesting,
and Colonel Talbot discharged a serviceable duty in call-
ing the attention of the House to it. Wherever the flaw
ties are productive, comfort, and in general abundance,
prevail among the inhabitants engaged in them ; the eery
appearance of the peasantry is different; they ate well fed
and clothed from the produce of their labouf, and forms
a fine and hardy race of men, fitted to be the best
defence of the country in its day of' peril. Every
practical encouragement therefore ought to be giwea
to the Irish fisheries; and we stow that they bairn
increased and prospered of late years considerably,
under the fostering protection that has been extended
to them. In fact, we know tint the entire state of Ice.
land is sensibly improving of late. Its redundant popula-
tion is unquestionably a great misfbrtune, and the great
object should he to find them employment. If capital
, from this country once found its way largely into 'friend,
it would do much for the amelioration of the people, by
affording them and their families that employment, and
bring comfort, content, and tranquillity in its train.
' The Duke of Clarence, the Duchess of Gloucester,
and the Princess Sophia, visited the Princess Augusta
yesterday.
The Duke of Clarence dined with the mess of the
Officers of the King's and other Guards on Monday.
The Duchess of Clarence dined with the Duchess of
Kent on Monday, at her apartments at the King's Paine,
Kensington.
Yesterday the Michels of Gloucester, the Princes An.
gust', and the Princess Sophia, visited the Duke of Sus-
sex, at his residence at the King's Palace, Kensington,
who still continues indisposed.
, Yesterday morning, about twelve o'clock, Priam
Leopold, attended by Baron Stoekmar, left town fee
, ' Claremont.
I Yesterday mrrning the Chancellor of the Exchequer bad
, a long interview with the Earl of Liverpool.
Yesterday, at t wo o'clock, a Cabinet Council was held at
the Foreign Offitv, in Downing-street, which was attended
by all the Cabinet Ministers except the Lord Chancellor.—
The Cabinet sat till a quarter before four o'clock.
! The Rev. C. Sumner, one of the Prebends of Woreemer
Cathedral, is engaged in the translation of Milton's Latin
Work, recently discovered among some State Papers, and
which will be published as soon as the requisite arrango-
ments are completed. •
I Colonel Talbot presented a petition in the House of
Commons last evening, from the fishermen of the county of
Dublin. The subject is one of the highest impatiens@ in belied s
I and the present petition simply contains a reco2r eskims-
i snot of those bounties under which which the Irish Mama have
been greatly encouraged and sdvanced. The midden abeillehm al
them, in the opinion of the petitioners, wear be dostmedve at &dr
growing prosperity. In the debate which subsensontly mak pine.
on the employment of the !people. of Ireland, it was umimaini
that this employment might mainly be pemostial Weigh Oa
fisheries. Colonel Talbot, therefore, disobeyed a serviconhis
duty In calling the attention of the Noose 1 the 'object= Mess-
. penence and knowledge of the mat of Ireland wiser die lobe*,
are principally cultivated, and his political conoistancy, mast
fail in giving due weight and effect to be recommendation of Ws
important hawk of Irish industry and wealth, n the anostlea,
consideration of Parliament.
CHANGE IN THE ADAIINISTRATIOIfe—II was eurteady
reported in the first political circles of Dublin yeah:day, that sous
change in Administration was contemplated. We should acid, that
this report was prevalent long before the arrival of the packet. Its
arrival was looked for, therefore with some anxiety; but the London
Prints were silent on the subject. Sonia leitera,however,bore
received in town, which serve in &great degree totem don the tunny.'
We believe that Mr. Canning Roth himself as strong hi the ego .
dowse of his Sovereign as he does in the public confidence, and Nest
he has been pressing upon his colleagues the Irish Question. rime
is no hostility in the lejal mind on this question—alt the contsory,
it is universally understood that his Meyers, io more than faun).
ably inclined to his Catholic subjects of Ireland—Dublin Emilia'
Past.
We still remain without any decisive information re-
specting the disastrous events which it is to be feared have es.
curved in Africa. But we have been favoured with the perusals(
letters, written by most respectable individuals, and dated Rom
Sierra Leone, on the fish and 13th of March, which make net the
slightest allusion to those events. This circumstance forodaboo
at least a hope that the alleged defeat of Sir Madam DUCarthy
may be unfounded, or at all events exaggerstoL—lfweofieg Pape.
Yesterday morning, before the Lord Chancellor POW
into Court, he was detained in his ;wives( room fee soon tuns, ad-
ministering the oaths to Mr. Littltdale. mi a Sergesitt-sulaw. n. •
patent was then sealed, and the Learned Sergeant wan iomediaWy
swore to be one of the Judges of the Court of King's Ranh.
Lord Chief Justice Abbott was present dining the cetsmany.
The Anniversary Festiva/ of the Poplar Calbolio Cba-
pel and Charity School was celebessod on Monday mooing, at the
Landon Tavetw, Ilishopsgate-street. A nuinerma asompany as-
sembled; and in the absence oldie Hon. Mr. Petry (who (orniadod
I • donation of ten guineas to the Charity), the Rev. Mr. Morrisamek

already placed in the hands of the Lord Lieutenant the Chair. - _.,
of Ireland, for the erection of piers along the Irish Letters
}yertehe from
eep
.Larist: of the 23d oh. mention, that s
Mree Cam
Sums devoted to purposes of this mort, the 1 This elaterasmem had mused nor memo= in wised thee withc"liAtwilies t bet Mks
Right Honourable Gentleman stated, shculd be lie- jute they8:i......i."..1 Is.wadasig "wive ill ito 1,"411.
their yso bases—tbe of she
eduarily limited, and granted with a great reserve; service in Spam being expired.