The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1819-08-05 00:00:00

LONDON,
TnuRsDAY. AUGUST 5. talg.

The political character of Mr. Justice BAYLEVE
charge to the Grand Jury of Yorkshire, induces
us to lay before our readers this day a more de-
tailed, awl apparently a more accurate report of
the Learned Judge's observations, than has hitherto
appeared in any of the London Newspapers.
Whatever opinions may be entertained by any in-
dividual upon the important topics involved in this
charge, there are few to whom it will not afford
some advantage, as well as interest, to learn the
sentiments of a man so eminent for learning and
integrity of character as is Mr. Justice BAYLEY ;
we therefore need no excuse for giving them in a
more perfect shape to our readers.
There are some points iu the charge from which
we think it impossible to dissent, but there are
also some to which we find it equally impossible
to accede. There is in the country, and more
particularly in the manufacturing districts, very
great distress, which however principally, if not
altogether, is frit by the working classes; and it is
here worthy of remark, that this distress exists,
and has existed at the very moment when, by the
official returns laid upon the table of the House of
Commons, the exports of our manufacturing pro-
duce appear to be very nearly as extensive as they
were at any period during the continuance of
hostilities. This distress, however, Mr. Justice
BAYLEY thinks (for so the expression of his hope
implies) will be but temporary ; and to justify this
expectation, the Learned Judge undertakes to enu-
merate what he conceives to be the causes in which
this temporary pressure has originated.—" The
wages of the workman," be observes, •• must de-
pend upon the profits of the manufacturer, and the
of the manufacturer must depend upon the
crwsumption, which will be either a demand by
C,,►rrnmeut, or by individuals, or foreign States.
Ili time of war the former is high : in time of peace
it is low ; and in time of peace, also, the large por-
tion of the population, which was employed by
the demand occasioned by the war, and in military
amid naval services, will, in a great useusser, be
thrown upon the country, and create • surplus
quantity of labour. With respect to foreign trade,
it may be observed, that a foreign country will
uneven buy our manufactures if it can ma►►nfac-
ture for itself; because, by manufacturing for itself,
it will be supporting its own manufactures, and
utEintaining its own poor; whereas, if that country

purchased them of us it would be supporting
our manufactures. and maintaining our poor.
which we cannot expect any foreign State to (le."
The Learned Judge dries not. in this argument, if
it be correctly reported, manifest his ordinary per-
spicuity. To prove that 'distress temporary. he
ought to have shewn that the immediate causes of
it were of a nature which must of necessity yield
to the promo, of time and to the common course of
events ; hut here, on the contrary, we find the
Learned Judge attributing the calamity to circuit).
stances that cannot be altered bid by a new war;
for while the country continues in a state of repose,
the Government, to the demand and consumption
of which he attributes so large a portion of the
former prosperity of the country., cannot infuse
the ordinary portion of life and rigour into the
manufacturing branches of our system—and •" with
respect to the foreign trade," we cannot expect
any foreign country, according to the opinion of the
Learned Judge, to prefer one manufactures to
the*e which give employment to their native in-
dustry. Mr. Justice BAYLaY goes even a step
further, and by representing the home consump-
tion as having increased in proportion to the in.
crease of inhabitants, he seems to conclude that
the demand for our Manufactures is now at its
greatest height for the continuance of peace, es
well with regard to the expenditure of the Govern-
ment, the wants of foreign States, and the con•
gumption by our own population.

It is to be lamented that the Learned Judge did
not condescend to explain by what magical process I
a pressure of general distress, originating, accord-
ing to his opinions, in caUses in their nature so per-
manent and fixed, could find its termination.—
This would have been the more gratifying, as he
proceeds, in the next section of his charge, to re-
fute the vulgar notion that any portion of our
present distresses " was occasioned by excessive
taxation." The Learned Judge even asserts
(" although he might possibly be mistaken in
his opinion") that " the poor are more benefited
by the expenditure of the taxes, than distressed by
the quota they have to pay." For, says Mr. Juw.
tice BAYLEY, •• if we inquire how the money
raised by these taxes is employed, we shall find
that by far the greater part of the produce of the
taxes is applied to the payment of dividends due
to the national creditors, by whom it is expended
in their subsistence, and by whom it circulates
throughout all classes of society, and no inconsi-
derable portion of it is expended in the articles fur-
nished by the manufacturer, and of course finds
employment fur the workmen employed in the dif-
ferent manufactories." We are surprised that the
logical and reasoning mind of the Learned Judge
did not, while he was in the act of uttering such
sentiments, detect their fallacy, and indeed it
would seem from the sentence immediately fol-
lowing, that he was unwilling they should he
attributed to him as the original production of his
own understanding, for lie adds, " these are not
notions of my own; I received them in early life
by reading a work written by SOADIE JaNYNS."
It is much to be lamented that the Learned Judge
should have thought of adopting them for senti-
ments which with SOAKE JEN YNII might be
only contemptible, may be fraught with no incon-
siderable mischief if sanctioned by the authority of
, Mr. Justice BAYLEY.

It will we believe be admitted, that the prospe-
rity of a State comprises the aggregate sum of the
individual prosperity enjoyed within it, and that
whatever diminishes this individusl prosperity can-
not advance the general interests of society. Now
we think it will be very difficult to prove that by
diminishing the capital and stock of a man in trade
or commerce, his sum of comfort will be enlarged,
and that he will be thereby rendered more ca-
pable of employing labour, and of selling the
produce of his industry at • cheaper rate to his
neighbours. If there be any one, however, who
thinks differently, and imagines that his interests
will be promoted by the payment of taxes to the
Government, we should by all means recommend
him to try the experiment, provided he will be satis-
fied to let those obstinate fellows who have not the
same faith in taxation continue in the etijnyment
of their original prejudices. There is an old story
told, we believe, in Persia:, of a hu►bandman who
hoped to propitiate the gods by sacrifice, and there-
by to obtain a large increase in his Hocks and herds,
but having sacrificed hecatomb after hecatomb, he
found to his sorrow that the gods were ungrateful,
and that in the fervour of his religious zeal he had
reduced himself and family to poverty. The tale
offers a good moral to those who are impressed with
the virtues of taxation, for even should the Minis-
ters be less ungrateful than the deities to whom the
hecatombs were devoted, it will yet be found a most
unprofitable and thankless duty to employ one's
labour in the endless round of earning the rewards
of unceasing industry, for the sole pleasure and ad-
vantage of paying them again in the shape of taxes
to the Government of the country.

A brief account of the Huddersfield Reform
Meeting, held on Monday, is given in souther part
of our Paper. It was a sail business for the Trea.
cur, Journals. It went off as lowly as the most
orderly and peaceable of the preceding Meetings of
the same description. This sameness is grown tire•
some, or perhaps it is feared that these Meetings are
likely to assume • new and more formidable cha.

rider. at we land, from the foliotribleorleertionnonir.
that an attempt will be made to prerent the Mon.
charier Meeting. announced fur Monday next

New Bayley Cosrt.horsee,Sellseday,3lst July, ISIS.
When..., it appears by an advertises...at in she Manchu.
fer Iftrerrer Paper, of this daj, dint' a 'Pont.= and lit,.
tAL M CATIVO is •ppointed for Monday, she 9th of Angsel,
next, to he held un the area, nest at. Peter's Chun* in,
Maseireter;
We, the ionthivigned Magistrates, sedan for the mantles
of lisoeseter sad Chester, do berelri eantion ell persons to
abstain AT TIMM TARIM front attending such illegal Merl-
inn.

William Haltom, J. Non', John Eatoiste, W. Marriott,
Thomas William Tattoo, J. Helot, R. Marsh, 'Trafford
Trafford, R. Reicher.

The Magistrates ire upon the alert in the di,.
contented districts, and the yeomanry corps .are ■ll
under order► to assemble, in cave of disturbance.
on the shortest notice.

We hale received Paris Papers of Sunday last.
The trial of BATOVii the Professor of Law,
whose lectures had caused so much confusion and
disturbance among the Law Students of Paris, has
commenced before the Alibis, Court. The case for
the tiroserution closed on Saturday. at six o'clock,
and on the request of 14. altroux, who is
resolved to plead his own cause, the defence was
postponed until the next sitting of the Court.
These Papers contain no intelligence from Spain,
to which country the' attention of the political
world will, we think, be at no very distant period
directed with feelings of the deepest interest.
Intelligence from Constantinople states that the
representations made by the Ministers of France,
Austria, and Spain, to the Sublime Porte, in favour
of the Roman Catholics of Syria, have not been
unsuccessful. The observance of their religious
duties is now secured from interruption and insult.
The French Five perCents:are 7i f. 60c.—Back
Stock 1,440 f.

'We have received New York Papers to the 3d,
and Philadelphia to the 6th last, from one of which
we have copied a letter relating to the proceedings
of Lord COCHRANE off Lima. A report of the
death of the PRESIDENT was in circulation, but it
has proved totally destitute of foundation. The
panic with respect to the solvency of the different
Banks of the Union seems to have considerably
subeided.

General D'EvEasta's Legion, consisting of ten
regiments, sailed from Dublin on Saturday last.
The Foreign Enlistment Prevention Bill came into
operation ou the following day.

Yesterday the Duke of Wact.tworou had an
audience of the Patriot REGENT at Carlton House.

His Excellency the Earl of DALHoUSIE. Lieu-
tenant-Governor of Nova &tint, and his suite,
arrived at Quebec on 30th June, in his Majestfs
ship Mersey, Captain Cowie, from Halifax. It
was expected his Excellency intended to visit Upper
Canada.

There was a numerous assemblage of persons
last morning at the end of Downing-street, appli-
cants to Earl BATHURST, as Secretary of State for
Colonial Affairs, to go out at Government expense,
as settlers, to the Cape of Good Hope.

WILT/MIRE ELECTIOS.—CIose of the Four-
teenth Day's Poll :
Dais Pal. Taut
Mr. Benett
Mr. Amity

—.,
Majority io favour of Mr. Remit.. 148
The poll cloned yesterday (Wedoesda3), at three
o'clock.

Friday last the gth Lancers marched into the
King's Barracks, Ipswich.
James Parr, a pensioner, has been committed to
our County Gaol for sedition, fur which he was
indicted at the last Aesizes.—(Giesler Paper.)
The returns from the different Assizes certainly
do not exhibit any atrocious offences; it is, there-
fore, the more remarkable, that the crime of assa,si-
nation, such as has lately been committed at Stock-
port, should now appear staining the English clia.
racier, which before was always distinguished for
open manly dealing, and reels for a resentment
which met the object of it on fair and equal terms.
Advice. from the Cape of Good Hope, dated
May 10, communicate information of soother irrup.
tion of the Calms, who, by the last accounts, were
supposed to be completely repul.rd, to the number
of 30,000 men. They had crossed the river which
divides their territory from that of the Cape, and
were committing the most extensive depredations.
Orders hail bees' issued to compel the 'unitary ser-
vice of the isrhabitauts of the adjo• • g district,
and all the horses had been put in requisition, in
order to equip a portion of them as cavalry, the
species of force best calculated to repel the attacks
of these dastardly but mischievous invaders.
In Baden a dispute has arisen between the Go.
vernment and the Chamber of Deputies, on the
mime point that caused so much dissection in Ba-
varia, between the Lower Chamber and the Court—_
the reduction of the military expenditure. The
sum demanded by the Baden Minister of War for
the army rxlienet* was 1,700,000 florins, the
Chamber of Deputies by their vote reduced this
amount to 1,411.052. The GRAND Duke, it ap-
pear,, took in high dudgeon this economical dis-
position of the Chamber, and as a puui.hmrnt for
so heinous an offence, he sent a niesvoge to them on
the 24th ult. as also to the other Chamber, to
finish their business by the 29t14 as on that Joy,
whether they had finished or not, be should pro-
rogue them.

The number of deaths from small-pox in this
city, last week, though diminished, is still very con-
siderable, being eg. The total number of deaths
is now 386. Is is, however
that there appears to
dreadful malady in those .
nation has most prevailed,—(

. Aat
41'4 :3 •
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19r . '•••••••ni,

ORIGINAL POSTRY.

MINISTORIAL RDUCATI9N.

Yon ask me, my friend, as a man of discereing,
Where have Ministers pitied op their vast more of Moraine
I scarcely tan tell 50a...-`tenseld jettle the elves
To answer the gayeties', if pot to themselves.
Their progress, scholastic, *bee striving to trate,
Conjetters Moat era 111 .p Certainty's place.
Lord C—N meats to have (mimed the Itoossiod.
Which astounds his oppoileats, at ftrasaa-wersllspe
When be tell, us %is Maw he prises, not pima—
What a brass. sffalpeace illasnines his face !

As to C—n—era, that co posed of verjoiee sod pH,
No doubt be was ealeAl it Nag.dsoths
Poor wan! he has resod that his leaf will sot please,
When he lambs at adhesion, sad sports with disease '
The cfseeed by the Heise, front as, Lord down to BROODER,
He trembles, if rattan' bat &sees at 00DRS !

Stand forward, 014 .Vick, of Amender' the m srrow—
Fame reports you rattled ell your breediug at Harrow
I believe 'tis the fad, when I thiatime ymir dealings,
With we Wei too ohms yea burros our feelings.
Where Et.—t was sehoord I Meg studied la vale...-
Twos at Doubffute Academy, Chdateerp-lase.
Whoe'd travels that lane will have deep canoe to unmeillo
'Tie in truth the long line that has serer 11 tern!
Grave H—lts—s's • history's well blows to all,
Owe a Mixer of simpler at 'lloth'caries-ball.
How strange are the terns or of rodeo* or fate,
He now bleeds, aye, and blisters, and physics the State.
But still by the change hes by no moue asofoisaded,
Sian he finds himself daily by awoke esemseded!
Can any one doubt, who has braless in his head,
That sprightly B—aos B—ilt—n at Del 'rich was bred?
The man has ambition—it sticks in his gissard
To God he's Not thought—a political wizard.
Sly 111—ta...TT (in telling the truth no man sins)
Sack'd in learning and liquor at one of the taws!
His ability's such, a free redening to mar,
By Jove! 'twas a pity be e'er left the bar!
W—xt,..-•••••1' P—t.a, who neer used limeade or hint,
Bat speaks coarse things boldly, was retied is the Mlat!
.12 the Hint ! you exclaim, with iscredulotss
annu—
-1 repeat it—where else could be form such a style!

• This Genttestae was once an livable ismnsber of di*
gendspins Corps.
t Thu isidividost's tidier was for missy yews ali tmel•
keeper, is Coniberisad.

j The Mint, a sort of sanctuary for &kb" in flestimeek
adjoining the king's Bench Prison. The inhabitants are
remarkable for their contempt of polite forms.

His Royal Highness the Panics REGENT, ac-
companied by the Duke of WatAtirwroG, left
Carlton House on horseback, about five o'clock
yesterday, for ■ ride in the Parks. They pro.
cerded at a rapid rate up the Mall in St. Jamey's
Park. His Royal Highness appeared iu high health
and spirits.
Lord and Lady TeuaLow and family, the Earl
of GLASGOW, the Countess of ORMOND, Lady
Limns, Sir JAMES and Lady LAKR, Sir W. E.
WELBT, Bart. &c. are among the recent arrivals
at Ramsgate.

Broadstairs boasts many fashionable arrivals,
including General Su. W. COCKBURN, Lady Amu
BECIIhTT, Dowager Lady Mottowm, &c. &c.
CHARM FORBES, Esq. M.P. kit his house in
Fitzroy-square on Tuesday, for his seat in Aber-
deenshire.

The gallant Sir GEolltag Coos, K.C.B. who
lost his arm at the head of the Guards, at Waterloo.
i* now at Castle Dillon. in the county of Armagh,
the line seat of his cuuiin Sir CAPILL MOLTPIEUX,
Bart.: he intends proceeding to the Giant's Cause.
way.

The Duchess of Yoitc, who was so delighted
with seeing the great snake swallow • fowl, might
have been more surprised still had she offered one
of her pug dogs, as the snakes are uncommonly
fond of the canine specie,.
It has often been said that • large book was a great
evil : but we apprehend • very large picture is a
greeter evil still, as there ran only he large halls,
stair-cases, or churches, which can receive such or.
Dements, however admirably they may he executed.
Mr. ELLISTOM, in renting Drury-lane theatre,
will give one advantage to the concern—he will re.
store to the public his own admirable acting, in
which, in the line of genteel comedy, he has no
superior.

At one of the watering-places the Churchwardens
are advertising fnr a Curate, " where the duty is
not heavy"—at the same time adding, that the
office of s' Master of the Ceremonies" is vacant,
should the gentleman be able to officiate in that
department.
A London correspondent of a Perim Journal an-
nounces that this country is on the very verge of
revolution, because he has seen pictured of the trial
of CHARLES 1. and Louts XVI. and a caricature
of the Cabinet in a printseller's window !
On Friday week, Captain Gipson, Commander
of the A!baw schooner, gave an elegant entertain-
ment, on board, to the Ladies and Gentlemen if
Holyhead and its vicinity. Dancing was kept up
with great spirit, and the company parted at a
lute hour, highly pleased with their liberal enter-
tainment.

A Scotch gentleman. who is remarkably ad.
dicted to his pipe and hi. "sneezing mull." is now
trying the experiment. whether he cannot contrive
to take snuff by straw. and thus consume his owu
smoke.

After the abdicating of Boa APART; in 1814, it
woo obrerved. at a fashiosoble party in Paris, that
things erre to ho ranted to the state which
_ _