The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1824-10-01 00:00:00

8k.1Z11..

This bruriant and producnve country, where every grain yields
eighty-641, has been, Inc the Iwo two year*. the theatre of a revolts-
don tintorndelled in the history of mankind. It began on the 9,h
of Jaruary, 1812, awl is now terminated wi:b the loss of but few
liven.
The history of tide wail planned and excreted revolution has
been misrepresented In foreign papers; thow from the linvernment
have not been mid, but private letters hire been attended to, which
are commonly written by Nevins disposed to communicate, not
what they see, but what they think of what they wish.
Tu eviiiitit the truth of so mild and so just a revolution Is the
only design this troche. and true mutative.
Brazil was a colony of Portugal until the '.llth of January, 111011.
On thi. day, John VI. now King of Portugal and Alearvra, and
at that time Prince Regent, being at Belli,' or St. Salvador, on his
passage to ltio etc Jancim, by a law, declared Brazilian porta free
and open to DU nations. lin this very happy day the Brazilian
colimial stigma was for ever wiped sway.
As soon ea the Court eatebli had itself at Rio de Janeiro, all the
departments neeeseery for a monarchical government were crested ;
and, 'fin the 11th of Deccnilwr, 1015, was openly advitneed to the
rank of a kin:akin, and the King received the title of King of Por-
tugal, Brazil, aril Algarves. 1a truth be received Ministers mat
rations, and, among other+. from the United States.
ilrazil was then constinded a kingdom front that period till the
26th of April, 11U2, when the King end his Court went to Lisbon,
being influenced by aro of political and commercial monopolists.
The Portuguese Nobility, rand upon the rock of Cintra. sighed
fur the Colnattrallal and distinctions which had been heretofore ac-
quired with no othet trouble than ibtitof merely going twice a week
to Qurli or Mars at the distarrece of three and nine miles. But
as now a forty days sea voyage was necessary before :hey could
attain gent . sly the sante riches and &weather, they were
weird with drawl. Such powerfid allurements were not attille:eat
to your their debased spirits. llama, Almeida, Cunha, Castro,
ant', Albuquerque were names by nature familiar to them, but tlw
spirit and inielloctual qualities to be acquired front the writings and
journals of those heroes were buried wish these volumes under three
inches of duet. mom the shelves of ',foie libraries, from which they
were neer removed by the fawning bends of a far an retrupt, ser-
vile. and contemptible.
The merchants at Lisbon and !)paten, no longer realising twenty
per centum as their emus:wilt:l upon the purchase mill Sale of pro.
shirts, which merely pared through their Lends from Brazil to
Eamye and Alai a; ti, what is will n.ore shameful, to
cried out against the law of the 9.6.1 i of January, and condemned
the treaty between the English and Portuguese tiovernnwnts, signed
at Rio Janeiro, in February, 1610, considering it a. the death blow
to their triollapoly.
Free front a Napolenn invaaion, these two short-Melded holies
began to undermine the writ:meld of the Portuguese Court in
Brazil. And althouith to the Nobility that pees: noel theruselves at
Rio de Janeiro pen.iuns and honours were not bruin*
bated, and, in regard to the merchant* it was proved that, in 1619,
Portugal imported as much as in 1004 what 1S azil ear a colony,
yet they avariciously dared to monopolize the rapidly-increasing
wealth of Marl. With this stew they planned nod executed, an
the gt.b of Atteied. Minh the revolution. called the rmeneratimi of
the kingdont. This revolution, headed by military men, canard
away the King to Portugal. so that the eteroachottenta meditated
by its promoters against Brazil, might receive his unction. The
King left his eldest aru, Peter, at Kin de Janeiro, as Prince Itege.it
of Itrazil.
As soon as they received the King they decreed that the decisions
of the Congress were laws foe all sections of the mottarchy 4 al-
though the third part of the Brazilian deputi,s had not yet arrived.
This was in carer violation of the tweitty-liras Reacha of the law,
which was but a few days bef..re sworn to, called the basis of the
Constitution, in which it had been decreed, that no law eitould be
considered obligatory to Brazil till its deputies shoislo have arrived,
and de-laved the will of the Brazilien people. But that law was
enacted before the arrival Or the King at Liable,.
They also decreed, that every province of Brae.' was a province
of the Portuguese monarchy, and that each one should have a se-
parate administration upon newly invented nrincipica. By that
dearee, every head art' department was alone responsible to the go.
verntnent at Lisbon ; or cause, every person sc..hing Milan WAS
Otaigtai to s..ek it at the dietence, of 2,014 leagues& and the overplue
of the trcarry of every 'emitter was obliged to be item to Lisbon
to pi!: their rayeeial debt. Thus they supposed, when a CWOIIII6-
. kali Evian the Brazilian Bank at Itisbnn entreated every deputy
from Brazil. in the Curio, to myrtle a petition from this hunk,
lir tying relief fur a debt of twelve. milltons of dollars contracted by
the turner govcrnownt, and for the liqui dat inn of which the King
had applied the tasty.. overplits. But the Portugal party in the
fortes was so opp.weth and ermtincted themselves in me 'Transact+,
a Tanner, that ever) Brazilian deputy watt literally afraid of the

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stiletto.
They ordered the produc! of the sale of Brazilian diamonds to be
remitted to the treasury at Lisbon, as also that of other property.
in charge of the agmits of the Brazilian bank In Euvaipe. They
enewerbil forty-six tlionsand ytw.rd. soiling, in Eitgbah stork, he.
longin4 to Brazilian merchants. They decreed the remits of the
Prince Regent, still at liio dc Janeiro, and the abolishment of all
ittmarnitems which had been cteatial ; ultimo th these had existed
a! I,tsboti while the Court w is in the Comer city.
In the appointment of instill:: agerds to foreign Courts. of Srere.
farina and Conncillors of State. and what is still more to be nun.
demised, of military Governors for Brasil, to,t one native Ilrastlian
was regarded.
Whilst they were thorn, in the Lisbon Cortes, disposing of Bra-
zil, as it she were a Portuguese farm, the Broadtails began to think
upon their Phu tett'. They had embraerd the so-called constitu.
timid government, with open hearts, sod had sent their deputies to
Lisboa.
The administration had been ton twrupt. and they anticitrated
reformation. They began to in revive, that l'ortazal some viol