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London, England, 1826-04-19 00:00:00

possible, but at the same time he contended that the great beneit COURSE OP EMI
of society was where a met produce could he obtained by the labour A'n•teribin E./. 12 9
and exertions of a very few persons. Many persons whom he saw ttterers:la"
2U l2 10
about Lim seeped to plink that it was rather a discredit to the sari- 333,t,,,rpm
imiturni part of the country, that they were mimetically fewer than i -tristhisurgh • l4 to
23 U. *7 10
the other productive portioned' the Empire. Ile, however, thought attune 2a U. 117 11
it was rather the re'erne, and that it reflected great merit on the Patjth 2 days' Wild 25 75
agriculturists to find that in so small a hotly such skill and such 12114°. 2U. 26 0
industry were combined, the their productions were autlicient to
,c_,____l7--- .. ~.... ~ .26 0'
maintain all the teat of the community iii that state of wealth and
prosperity in which it mimed, excepting the W eeping Ytankfuri e'n•lilshie Ifs. II . 156
clams, Piterabtfrik :tile ' 2 V*. el
*whose condition et this moment wits peculiar. bat which did henna, aSective t1...5.„2 M. 10 26
not contradict his general position. (Hear. hear.) lie thought Trl6el9 .'....dd lO 2tl
this presented an *object of ontleropistion to the mind esceesting all „li_adrid. •• •• • ........ • •:• • :04
the rest of Eumpe; nay. he would say. all the countries that ever rir„:l ....... • ••••."••• al
sa
minted in the world before. And this wan the result of the ' 17.7,1 •••••-•?
e aea ............ .... . as
welhspplied labour of a very small part of the community, 5„,313.
...
..• 34
taking it at a third only; for, according to the Population He. tithrelipz•.•.::•.::::: ••
••
SI
turns, it militarist that therelearsooly four millions employed . . „
PSICEs OP SHA
in agyieultural labour. while there were six millions employed in 'III
171111naSetares, and two millions in the learned ipratemionti. It
wan this subdivision of labour, and the great excess of productive
morlormenta which gave this country such advantage's over all
other tuitions of Europe. hook. for instance, at the kingdom of
' France ; there it would he found that upwards of fotir.fitths of the
community were employed in agricultural pursuits, and the re-
maining one fifth in manufactures and the learned profemions ;
and what (said the Honourable lientleman) was ,he cause of that
state of things ? It was Immune the property was so sub-
divided that the egricaltural part of the people became so nits
merous that they consumed as boo as they produced, and no sue-
pits urnritice was left for any manufacturing classes. The great
principle of a country's prosperity was the exchange of agricultu-
ral for manufacturing produce : but there being no surplus produce
of the agriculturist in France. it wan ridiculous to suppose the
people of that country could be rich. The manufacturer could nut
be rich, because it was only the agriculturist "rho, with a surplus
of fond,could purchase his goods and having no su Thee he could not
purchase, and then it followdtbat the manufacturer, not having
any mode of einoming of his Wards, cuuld not, un the other hand,
purchase of the agriculturist • MI thus both dame.. must remain
poor. This seemed to him toile the siniple and oily view which
it wan necessary for the fftetageoetabg of the question* Putting
aside all Hoot *worry tinE.KiElauTiyaphich attended questions of
currency and other abstruse subjects. he would ask what it was thin'
Haase had to consider ? It wssobrie, that the agricultural produce i
was given in exchange for manniscturing produce. But some Hon.
Members had naid—tilve us cheep manufactures, and we will give
you cheap corn. But this wins slimly impossilile. Cheap was a con-
vertible term. To say fiat corn was cheap was to say that manu-
factures were deer. They could not be both deer or both cheap.
It was the due propor•ion between the two that wan to be ef-
Peeled; anti according as this proportion was preserved would
both aviculturist and maitdacuirce flourish : both would be
rich together. It wan not correct to suppose that there could be
any separation of interests ; or that one could prosper while the
other was depremed ; the fairidatinn of all matperity was the agri-
cultural interest of the country—(hear, hear) for without that there
could he no menufarturing eroded", the consumption of the latter
nem Rarity depending on the capacity of tile former to consumeit :
nor. let him tell men of genius stadof science, would there be any
funds out of which thy could be paid. If they doubted
the fact let them look abroad and see how men, whom talents
and genius were an ornament to the age in which
lived, were remunerated and contrast the rewsrds such men received
with what was paid to the learned and talented of this country.
The !Amos of the agriculiurint wan the eouace of all them benefits.
He would not pretend In say that iseMould merge all consideration
of interest connected with himself had these were dear to him, on
lookine at thin question ; but without laying claim to any particu-
lar purity of any description, he would say that the motion now
before the House involved as well the interests of the clans to which
he belonged RR to any other class ofthe community.( Hear. )The Hon.
Baronet then adverted to the argument that had been adduced in
favour of Cultivating more soil, and particularly to the observation
of an Hon. Member, that Snowden niighsbe subjected to tillage,
and stated that it would be a great .nhiforture to do so, because it
would be a misapplication both of labour and capital, and would
bring a disproportionate number of persons into agricultural em-
ployment. The wealth of a country was in the proportion between
itn population and its produce. The Honourable Baronet again
alluded to France, and consideted the laws of th.:t country to
be the principle cause of her comparative poverty. In consequence
of thine laws, every generation becamepoortr than the one preceeding
it. It was certain the country would be from day to day grow-
ing poorer and poorer anti more sod more improvident. (Hear.)
He could not agree with his Honourable Friend (Mr. Whitmore)
in attributing to the Corn Laws the effect of keeping up the price
of provisions. lie thought they had quite a contrary effect and
did much injury to the landed interest. With regard to the
labouring part of the community, the money price of thing* was to
them a matter of utter indifference. It might be of import-
ance to the manufacturer who was always anxious to get high
prices for his goods and labour at the cheapest rate. Such
men did not come with a vety good grace to this House to ask for
corn; and to attribute the 'Keened', of trade to that NOUNe was
an error which. supposing the people in the country were not ca.
pable of reflecting for themnelyea, would be extremely mis-
chievous. If the surplus produce of capital gave the labourer a
proportionate rate of wages, prices would not affect him. Gen-
tlemen -might talk of !theta' Mem, • bet there eewld be no
such thing. Wages must be rgrulated by the demand. If
a man were to give what was celled liberal wages, and that
system were to go through all CLISSea who employed labour,
there could be nothing more pernicious to the country._
This question must be relieved of all those topics respect-
ing the labouring classes. They, were affected in a very dif-
heent way , stet they seemed to be tolerably aware of that ; for
in the petition from Blackburn, although allusion was made to the
price of corn, yet the grave:men of their complaint was, the use of
' the rower-loom. That undoubtedly was to those unfortunate
Persons an uneenileble hardship, but it was one which the
necessary progress of society led to. Machinery was what had
brought this country to its proem height; and had created the
enormous wealth which this «now possessed. Although, there-
forein individual canes of hardship groduced by the use of machinery
he would give temporary relief. yet to legislate upon such reasoning
as wax adopted by the petitioners, would put an end to all the prin.
ciples upon which the interest of the country depended. The Hon.
Baronet then recapitulated his argements that the Corn Laws did
not make cora dear; anti said, that the fact of great dinttess
minting among the people of those countries where corn was
cheap, was against that propositioo. Again, during all the
time this country was in a state of prosperity, particularly
the agriculturalists, there was an annual importation of corn.
Let corn be imported, and the manufacturers of the country
would amply remunerate the agriculturists by their increment pro.
duce. It was not any sacrifice on his part to support the motion,
but from a thorough conviction that the landed interests were in
complete mistake in their opposition to it. and that a more eaten-
sive range of mischief could hardly be devised than the stopping of
all importation of emit. After a few observations as to the inconsis-
tency of the President of the Bout of Trade in opposing this mo-
tion, the Honourable Baronet sat down amid loud cries of question.
Mr. BROUGH A3l said he was deterred by the lateness of the
evening, and by the eloquence which had been displayed in the
discussion, from trespassing at any length upon the patience of the
House ; but he wished shortly to state his remelts for supporting
the motion of his Hon. Friend, the Member for Bridgnorth. He
voted for the motion, for the purple of settling the question, and
he thought it a minor consideration that such a course would
prolong the duration of the Session, compared to the ad-
vantage of setting the- question arrest. It would be most desi-
rable that it should be disposed of in one way or the other. But it
was said that the measure might be better discussed after the next
election. For his part he did not consider that Members need
have any apprehension. There had not been any statement of what
was intended to be done by his Majesty's Ministers. The
manufacturing and agricultural interests would each put their
own construction upon the silence which had been observed.
He could net but admit that there were some difficulties inlthe way
of coming to a right understanding of the subject at the present mo-
ment. The inquiry into the state of the currency presented a great
inconvenience, and that was the principal reason which weighed
with him ; but why it should be put off until the next Session he
could not see. The delay wield create an uncertainty in the
minds of buyers and sellers. This present system was never
intended as a permanent tole' ' and he thought the time was
come when some measure of a permanent nature should
be adopted. It would be treating the landed interests with unfair.
ness it' he were to my that the adoption of the present resolution
would not tend to lower prices, and it must necessarily lower rents
also. And then there was another department in which he Mailed
to see prices lowered, he meant the wages of public function-
aries, those he wished to see reduced, anti he wished also
to see the, public burthens lessened. For his part he preferred to
have fair protecting duties rather than that system of exclusion
which had been maintained at so great an inconvenience to the
Country.
Mr. WHITMORE wished to make an observation before
the House divided tenon the 'evolution which be had the honour
of submitting to their consideration. Ile had been charged with
affecting the price of produce by the agitation of flue question ;
but If he had brought on his motion three weeks sooner he
might have complained, with greater appearance of justice, for pre-
viously to th.t period the prices of provisions had fallen, and it
had so happened that that since that time the prices had risen con.
miderably. Ile did not wish to trespass on the House at that late
hour, but he could not regret having called the attention of the
House to a subject which involved the interest of the wattle cont.
manity.
The House then divided, Mtge there appeared—
For the motion, 81—Against it, 250—Majority, M.
The other orders orate day were then disposed of, and the House
then adjourned, at s QUARTER PAST ONE O'CLOCK.
PRICES OP BRITISH STOCKS YESTERDAY,
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_
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• I)RUEYJLANIC THEATRE. •
This veolsig, Aoril 111 will be pErreppisdkiefefik
N.' TM PE WINTBIO YALE,
Leone"... Ilr. lesefiluSWlFLothel,ilit,Wallack ; Autolycley, Mr. Raney;
Hermlone, Mrs. nurrn , Pauline, eire.W.Weq Perditu, Miss I . Palos.

After which the new (island Itoinantic Fairy Tele of
011BROM ; nr, THE CHAHMF.O HOB:it.
The principal Character. hy Messrs, 0. Smith. Bennett, Browne. T.
Blanchard, P.ipr, Howell, Mercer Vintage, W. Bennett. and G. Smith;
Mlilit3 Smithson, Vincent. and Macdonald; and Mrs. Harlowe.