Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-07-08 00:00:00

THE DAY'S NEWS.

In the House of Commons, last night, Sir Wm.
Joliffe obje eted to going into committee on the
Burial Bo Iris Act, because it would authorise
Boards of Guardians to form themselves into
Burial Boar ds. The House went into committee,
and the first four clauses were agreed to. Clause
five, audio) 'ising Boards of Guardians to form
themselves into Burial Boards, was negatived
without a d ivision. Clauses up to fifteen were
hereupon aan-eed to, and clause sixteen was
modified by the insertion of words, limiting
the -powers of the Secretary of State with regard to
the unakin.a, o f regulations to control commercial
cemeteries. Mr. Locke .Xing moved, that not
more than one, body he buried in one grave. Mr
Massey for ithe Government, proposed that
the number should be six, but on the
motion of M. Milnes, it was decided by 131
to 78- votes, that not more than four bodies
should be interred in one grave in the
Metropolitan .districts. Lord Palmerston stated,
that the Government could not use their
influence with the Sultan, to induce him to give
permission for the construction of a canal across
the Isthmus of Snez, " because for the last fifteen
years the government had used all their influence
to prevent the; scheme being executed." A very
creditable admission, And . what, think our
readers, is the reason for such a proceeding ?
Lord Palmerston believes the scheme imprac-
ticable (as if he -was a judge), but " the reason
the government oppose the plan was that it
would render more easy the separation of Egypt
and Turkey." Mr.. :Roebuck then brought on his
motion to the effect that it was prudent to abolish
the office of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Ala
Roebuck- at same length stated his opinions and
and convictions on the subject. He wishe I
to see " Ireland treated as an integral part
of England, and that the Lord Lieutenancy, the
last remaining body of her subjections should
be swept away:'" He wished that every county
and parish in -Ireland sould be like the counties
and parishes. rk England, and that Ireland should
no longer be called Ireland. Whet would the
hon. gentleman -wish the island to be called ?
Perhaps he would transmogrify the name, as was
the Cove into Queenstown—hut what name would
he give it? We think he would b.e puzzled to give
-one that would .satisfy all ponies,. Heahowe,ver,
very properly, wiahed to see the distinotton of
Englishman acid Irishman abolished, and seal
that as Dublin was only eleven hours distance from
London, there could :he no difficulty in this. A
long discussion ensued, in which Mr- Torrens
M`C,ullagh, Mr. Grogan, Sir Wm Somerville, Mr.
Vance, Lord Palmerston, and others, -took .para
The motion was ultimately lost. The numbers
being 1.15 for, and 266 against ; majority, IM. The
Speaker announced the abandonment of the peti-
tions against the returns for Newport, Taunton,
and Portsmouth elections.
The local news this morning contains the details
of the capsizing of a flat in ,he river yesterday, and
the consequent loss of four iivez. The inquest on
the body of a clergyman and of a boatman, who
were drowned on Monday afternoon, resulted in a
verdict of accidental detvh.

The monthly meeting of the Birkenhea4 Com-
missioners was held last evening. Tho chairman,
Mr. Laird, explained and descanted upon the
proceedings of The Liverpooli Conse,rvancv Bills
Committee, a full report of winch is given in ano-
ther column.

In the Law 13,-ports inserted in to-day's paper
will be found the particulars of three interestirpg
cases--that of Crouch against the Great Virt:stern
Railway Company, Drown v. Stuart, and in.re C. J.
Mare, the shipbuilder.

There has just been issued a very curious return
to the order of the goose of Commons, on the
;motion of Mr. Locke King It is a list of pensions
paid' by the British Treasury to members of the
foreign corps.:which served in the war which ended
in 1815. The information furnished by this
return will be new to the present getwration ;
indeed it is doubtful whether, out of (Acid
circles, anybody was aware that even now upwards
of 45 years since the war elosed, no fewer than
236 gentlemen who had been officers in these
corps, receive pensions from the I.:n2,lish Govern-
ment averaging about 1001 a-year each These
pensions commenced, some of them as early as
1808, and none later than 1817 ; and the first
emotion is one of wonder at the extreme lon.
of the recipients Besides these pensnms, which
are simply for service, there are twenty-six which
are given for wounds, 178 to widows of offi,,ers,
averaging about £45 each, and fily-one to the
children of deceased officers, at L 9 each. The
kidgdom of Hanover seems to have the honour of
being the birthpliteo and present residence of the

great majority of these pensioners, who, we are
bound to suppose, earned their yearly stipend
most honourably.

A London cotemporary-, of yesterday, states
that it is glad to perceive that the Hudson's Bay
question has come under the consideration of the
Liverpool Financial Reform Association, and that
that active and intelligent body are prepared to
take the field against the fur monopolists of Fen-
church-street. " It is true that their pretensions
are the subject of Parliamentary inquiry ; but we
fear there is reason to believe that an unsatisfac
tory compromise will be agreed to. There is
therefore great need that the Liverpool Reformers
should enlighten the public up 3n the question."
We continue to supply our readers with a very
full report of the trial of Miss Smith, at Edinburgh.
Certainly the case presented would appear greatly
to diminish the suspicion against the unfortunate
young lady, and it is not now hazarling much to
anticipate her acquittal.
A grand review took place yesterday at Worm-
wood Scrubs, at which Mince Albert, accompanied
by the distinguished visitors of the Queen, was
present.
The Prince of Wales has gone to the Continent.
The French illoniteur officially confirms the an-
nouncement of an approaching private visit of the
French Imperial pair to her Majesty.
The information respecting affairs in India, in
the possession of the Government, is probably of
a more serious nature than was at first supposed,
judging from the excessive urgency and extent or
the prearations on foot in the arsenals to despatch
treons.

The revela'_ions of Mr. Bertolacci respecting the
management of the affairs of the Duchy of Lan-
caster have Lot yet terminated.
There is no news of importance from the Con-
tinent this morning.

Our Paris intelligence .shows that the success of
the three Opposition candidates in the Paris sup-
plementary elections has exercised an unfavourable
influence on the Bourse. The leading securities
suftifed a eonsiderable decline.

No later news has been received from Italy,
except that at Leghorn tranquillity had been
restored. Among those arrested in Genoa is Savi,
the editor of the republican Italia del popolo.
There is news by telegraph of the occurrence of
fanatical outrages at Tunis, in which a Jew has
been slaughtered for blaspheming Mahomme-
clan i s m .

A letter from Copenhagen informs us that the
change effected in the Danish ultimatum before it
was sent off is due to the interference of Prussia
and France.

The intentions of the French government to
introduce ten thousand free blacks into Martinique
will net in all probability, be carried out, in con
sequence of that colony having opposed the project
T,ilth much warmth The Council General of
Martinique has consented to admit the. 880 free
blacks contracted for by the French government
with Messieurs Rejus and Co,, of Marseilles, but
it protests against being swamped by ten thousand
" uncultivated savages." That body has at the
same tinac, expressed a dssire that the premium
paid to a French company for the introduction of
Indian labourers—Coolies, may be extended to
shipowners of all countries.

THE termination of the Paris elections has
reached us, and they show that three of the
opposition candidates have defeated the Govern-
ment nominees. General CAVAIGNAC has been
elected by 10,950 votes, against 9,952 given to
M. THIBAULT. M. OLLIVIER, the opposition
candidate, has beaten M. VARIN, who was
supported by the Government. The votes in
this contest were 11,005 against 10,006; and
M. DARIAION, the well-known publicist, who
at this election represented the opposition,
obtained 12,078, whereas his opponent, M.
LANGUELIN, had only 11,038. These results
must certainly be most distasteful to the French
Government, for it is, without doubt, the, most
significant check which the authority of his
Imperial Majesty, the Emperor, has received
since he became President of the French
Republic. Nevertheless, we cannot regard it
as a very significant evidence of the desire of
the people of France to change their present
system of Government, control, and authority ;
for there is but too much reason to believe that
they are at length weary with revolutions, and
constitutional changes. There is also little
doubt that if the electors who voted for, and
returned the opposition candidates, had been
convinced that their support of the anti-govern-
ment party would be to re-enact the scenes of
1848, they would have paused before they took
the step which they did. They may be dis-
satisfied with the conduct of the Government;
at the same time it is no less true that they
are by no means disposed to countenance th e
erection of barricades, and the slaughter of
thousands of innocent victims, to bring about a
change of national rule which, after all, would
not alter the position of the French people one
iota for the better.

Be this as it may. there is noluestion but
the result of the Paris elections must exercise a
most important influence in the destiny of this
hitherto distracted land, The return of General
CAVAIGNAC to the French Assembly will, no
doubt, thwart, in more respects than one, the
designs of the Empror; and the antecedents
of his Majesty too clearly prove that he is
such a personage as cannot brook to be marred
in any of his political projects. Should the
opposition party now formed, and returned to
.the Assembly, become sufficiently united, and
animated by singleness of purpose, NAPOLEON
will only tolerate its existence as long as it does
not interfere with his popularity and power.
He has done much good for France ; but his
financial schemes, and constant endeavours to
gag the press, and prevent the free expression
of public opinion on his conduct, and that of
his Government, are political sins which no
nation will Permanently endure. If, therefore,
he seeks to lay an enduring foundation for his
dynasty as the ruler of France, he must, adopt
less of the martial power, and become more of
the people's sovereign—wielding the sceptre of
his einpire by virtue of a truly loyal population,
and. not from fear of the discharge of artillery
and musketry, or the glittering of sabres.
There has been too much of this kind of rule,
not only in France, but in the European con-
tinent generally. We daily witness its results.
A frenzied population rise in rebellion, and seek
to dispute the power and legitimacy of the
throne; troops are called out, and the work of
military butchery-begins. Old and young are

mowed down, to maintain the kingly power ;
although, if we minutely investigated the moving
causes to these uprisings, we should invariable
find that monarchical tyranny, and want of
sympathy with their subjects, were among the
chief incitements. True it is that, generally
speaking, when such scenes occur, there is but
little chance for the victory of the populace.
Italy, at the present moment, is in a most
agitated state. A portion of her people have
political grievances which they cannot endure.
They have risen to throw off their yoke; but,
from what has taken place, their movements
will lead to no good or immediate results
beyond strengthening the power of the King
in his policy of tyranny, and stimulating
the people to foster and encourage a still
deeper hatred of his person and his throne.
At Genoa, too, an emeute, senseless and uncalled
for, has taken place. It was different with the
natives of the Two Sicilies, for the originators
there were goaded on by the cruel and unrelenting
persecutions of the Government, whilst no excuse
can be put forward for the rashness and the
illegitimacy of the movements at Genoa. The
cases, however, suggest to thoughtful minds the
policy of all Kings and Queens ruling In concert
with the wishes, and for the best interests of
their subjects. NAPOLEON sees that his reign
does nbt meet with universal approval—that his
conduct, as Emperor of France has aroused
opposition from very significant quarters ; and
that the consolidation of that opposition may yet
cost him his throne, seeing that it saps the very
foundation of his unquestionable supremacy.
The leading journal is correct when it declares
that " his tenure of power would not be worth
six months' purchase, in the face of a real Parlia-
mentary opposition which could challenge, and
with reason, his financial arrangements, and
which could make constant appeals to the preju-
dices and passions of his people. He sees in
the Paris elections the first symptom of dissatis-
faction with his rule and authority. He also
perceives that the continental states and king-
doms of Europe are just now in a state of
political uneasiness and convulsion. It becomes
him, then, to be wise in his day and generation.
If he desires to be the Emperor of the people, he
must rule through love—not by military fear.
A people so governed are truly political bondsmen,
who daily seek an opportunity to throw off the
yoke, and plunge their degraded country into
the fearful abyss of revolution and bloodshed.
Whilst this is going on, how happy should the
subjects of the British throne feel at the idea
that they are not subjected to these political
irruptions, and that they are governed by a
monarch whoss chief study is to promote the
social interests, and the civil and religious
liberties of all classes of her people.

WHEN any movement is made, from no matter

what quarter, having for its aim the instruction
or amelioration of the position, and, therefore,
the happiness of the working classes, it will
always meet with whatever support it is in the
power of this journal to give it.

We need, therefore, make no excuse for again
returning to the " Liverpool Recreative Society,"
for its aim combines the instruction with the
happiness, and in so far as it is carried out,
insures the amelioration of the position of the
working classes ; and the movement emanates
from themselves, which is at once a proof of the
necessity existing for it, and a pledge of its
probable success.

The want of a safe and agreeable way of
spending the short evening after the long day
of toil, has long been felt by those of our
labouring classes who dwell in large cities, while

the abundance or dangerous and immoral ways
of spending that time, has long been looked
upon with terror by all those to whom the
moral and physical state of their poorer fellow-
citizens is of any interest.
The country beerhouse, with its sanded

parlour, and its benches before the honeysuckle
porch, supplies our agricultural neighbours with
the comfortable club, the political chat and the
pleasant evening they require; but our flaming
gin palaces, and glittering taverns in town,
neither afford the quiet rest after the day's work,
nor supply the want felt by every human being,
of some intellectual communication with his
fellows.

The hard-worked dock labourer does not
wish, even could he do so, to leave his wife. and
family, and walk off into the country a distance
of four or six miles from his lodgings ; but he
does wish to go for an hour or two in the evening
to some clean and airy room, where he can read
the papers now brought pecuniarily within his
reach, and enjoy some conversation, while his
children are put to bed, his house set straight,
and his supper prepared.

This want is now met by the public-bouse—
hence its great success—but met on one condi-

tion : that of paying from 2d. to 2s. per night
for beer or spirits ; and the labourer can only
gratify, his very laudable desire to meet his
species, and to improve his mind at a cost which,
putting intemperance aside, he can but ill afford.
We are not arguing this question of recreation
for the people in the narrow spirit of teetotalism,
or with any hostile feeling to the licensed victual-
ler; we have never seen any reason why the
vast body of our fellow-countrymen who know
how to rule their appetites, should be restrained
for the sake of a very small minority of drunk-
ards; Why laws should be enacted in favour of
crime alone, nor do 'we sympathise with those
who brand the trade in beer and spirits as

iniquitous, because a few gin-palaces are badly
conducted. But, at the same time, we hold that
there is in this town a great want of places of
cheap and innocent amusement, without tempta-
tion to intemperance; and of places where the
industrious workmen can meet together, without
being compelled to pay for drink which they do
not require, and which they cannot afford.
This want the "Liverpool Recreative Society"
are about to attempt to meet. Its objects we
take to be to open a room or rooms where news-
papers, music, songs, in-door games, and cheap
refreshments will be supplied ; attached to
which will be a piece of ground, in which
gymnastic exercises and out-door games can
take place. The admittance will be Id., and
coffee, and bread and butter, ld. or 2d. more.
Thus, the working man will have his club and
refreshment for body and mind at ls. to ls. 6d.
per week, and no doubt the annual subscription
will be even less.

The time has long gone by when these clubs
would have given rise to feelings of political
distrust on the part of the richer classes. We
have learnt that the chief supporters of the
"parti de l'ordre" are ever found among the
honest, intelligent, temperate mechanics, and
that the more the working classes are educated,
the more they appreciate the form of government
under which we all live so happily.
The constitution of the Society inspires the
hope that it will be equal to its work, if it enters
into it with firmness and moderation. The
directors are all chosen from among the labouring
classes, and well understand its requirements ;
but we should rather have seen a larger
sprinkling of men among them who did not
advocate the Maine Liquor Law. The Con-
sulting Committee contains names of large
employers of labour, who inspire much confidence
as having always had their workmen's happiness
and welfare at heart; but they must remember
that they are a consulting committee, and not the
governing body, or the movement will lose its
greatest merit in degenerating into a Charitable
Institution for the Suppression of Drunkenness.

With these few hints, we wish it cordial
success. That veteran philanthropist, Mr.
WILLIAM RATFIBONE, never spoke more truly
than when he cautioned the meeting in the
Concert-hall, on Monday last, that those who
originated a good movement in favour of the
lower class, and then allowed it to fail from
incompetency, or want of courage, did more
injury to the cause of progress than if they had
never thought of it, A great responsibility, then,
rests on the Board of Directors of the " Liverpool
Recreative Society." They are about to organise
a movement to supply an acknowledged want.
They do so under very auspicious circumstances.
They are assisted by an earnest and able con-
sulting committee ; and, in common with all
practical philanthropists, we watch their progress
with the greatest interest.

Tuna ENITGRATION.—The following is Mr. Donnelly's
report to the Lord Lieutenant on the subject of emigra-
tion Your Excelency is aware that returns, showing
the sex, age, and county of every person in Ire'and
have been furnished to this office since the Ist of May,
1851, distinguishing those who leave the country for a
merely temporary purpose from those who depart no'.
intending to return. Ths tables compiled from these
documents for the period from the first of May, 1851, to
the 31st of December. 1855, were published in the General
Report of the Census Commissioners, by which it appeers
that the population, amounting to 6,552.385 persons on the
30th of March, 18:51, was reduced by emigration to 6,077,283
on the Ist of January, 1856, allwvarte,e; bell; made for the
usual increase caused by the exe_ss of births over death=,
calculated on the averge of these events in England
and Wales during sixteen years. In the year ending
31st December, 1856, the returns show that 90,781
individuals, of whom 47,570 were melee, and
43,211 females, emigrated from the ports of Ireland.
This amount, after deducting the estimated excess of births
over deaths, makes the probable number of inhabitants in
Ireland on the Ist of January, 1857, to have been 6,047.492
persons. Munster, it appears from the tables, contributed
the largest number or emigrants during the period from
Ist May, 1851, to Ist January, 1857, 39,47 per cent. of th.
entire number having left that province. Ulster gave 24.68
per cent; Leiuster, 21.99 per cent ; and Connaught, 12.59
per cent. Nearly 13 per cent. (12.80) of the entire popu-
lation have left Ireland since the Ist of May, 1851, to the
let of last January. Observing the interest taken in the
subject by the public press, and also in Parliament, I have
had the returns made up to the end of April last, from
which it appears that during the months, January, Feb.,
:tlarch, and April this year, the emigrants were more nu-
merous than in the same months of 1836. The actual
numbers, were as under :

J<+nuary February Marco April
Persons Persons Persons Persons
3,550 4.521 6.799 11,796
4,414 6,251 9,344 13,043

1856

Increase in the fi-st

four months of 1857, 864 1,730 2,515 1,247
It will be seen that Irish emigration has continued
almost equal in amount in 1855 and 1856. and that during
the first four months of 1857, 6,386 persons more have 141
the country than during the corresponding period of 1856.
The emigrants from the province of Munster for the period
from Ist May, 1851, to the Ist January last, were in th-
proportion of 17.82 per cent. to the population by
the census of 1851 ; those from Leinster amounted to
11.03 per cant. ; from Connauqht, to 1 .46 per
cent..; and from Ulster, 10.29 per ceat. Tippe-
rary contributed the largest proportion of emi-
grants. 19 35 , per cent. having stated themselves to
.have come from that county. The least emigration was
from the -county and city of Dublin, only 3.96 per
cent.; having left it; this is the more remarkable, as Dnblin
is the port at which the greatest number of emigrants em-
barked. It will be found from the tables that during the
entire period embraced by the returns, the sexes emigrated
in the proportion of 101 males to 100 females, whilst in
1856 the proportion was 110 males to 100 females ; 68 7
per cent, of the emigrants in 1856 were between the ages
of fifteen and thirty-five years; and 13.7 per ce"t. were
thirty-five years old and upwards, showing that the
majerity of those who left Ireland last year was from
among the young and vigorous portion of its inhabi-
tants.- The detailed tables for 1856, showing the
classification of holdings by baronies and poor-law unions,
the extent of tillage, and quantity of live stock belonging
to each class; also returns relating to mills for scutching
flax are in course of printing, and will, I trust, soon be
submitted to your Excellency. I feel it to be my duty
again to exprcss my obligations to those who have so
readily afforded to the enumerators the information relative
to the average produce of the country ; to the several ex
officio and elected guardians who revised the returns; and

lastly, to the public press, which, on all occasions, has
lent its valuable aid in removing the prejudices formerly
existing against the collection of agricultural statistics of
Ireland."