The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1819-12-30 00:00:00

THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPS.

(From " The Quarterly Reriew.l

" Englishmen may fairly be allowed to feel an
objection to the present government and taws of the
colooy. AVe are all of us more or lets the creatures
of prejudice, and au Englishman, perhaps, feels
norm so strongly as that in favour of trial by jury;
he ha% been in the habit, from infancy, of bearing
so much of its blessing., tlost he thinks it outset...a.
sari to inquire into its merits, and sets down
that as a lutist unhappy country to which it is
denied.—We granted to the Dutch the exercise of
their laws and their religion by capitulation; we
have continued them this indulgence to the present
day ; and we are not aware that any Englishman
lias yet had just cease to complain of the op-
;recession or itquetice of the one, or the intolerance
of the other. If any such complaint occur, we
doubt not it will be heard and redressed : its the
mean time it must be satisfactory to the hew corners
to know, that the Chief Magistrate of the district in
which they are to be settled is as Eoglislimao. The
fir.t step to the general iistroduct 00000 of our laws
and manners will he that of introducing the Eng-
lirh IVe cannot help regretting that
this ittwortaiit point is most unwisely save' lon ked in
all our conquests; yet it might easily be effected,
and without any violence to the feelings of the con-
quered : let but all official documents. all registers,
title deeds, instruments for conveying and securing
property, be mode in the English language, and
the next generation will become Englishmen.
" Torre are, however, two evils in the colony,
which are not merely ideal—the monopoly of the
East India Company, and the depreciation of the
paper currency.
.6 The East India Company have, from the first,
:hewn themselves unfriendly towards this settle-
merit, because (as it is in pooled) the Governoient
refused to transfer the eovereiguty of it to them ;
jet it has been of infinite importance to their bound-
less pos,essulsas in India, and may ultimately he the
safety of them. The Company have the exclusive
privilege of supplying the colony with India and
Citing goods, which are doled out in monthly sales
by au agent staitutied at Cape Town, who takes
especnrl care Lot to glut the market. The removal
of thus restriction. and placing the Cape ou a foot-
ing with the British plantations in North America,
would materially tend to raise it to an .►pulrut co.
lossy, and to one of the first commercial statiwas in
the universe.
" The depreciated paper currency of the Cape is
a very serious wild, which presses hard son all the
colonials, but more especially on those in public
situations with fixed salaries; and is deeply felt by
all who are concerned in trade and mercantile
tramcar-lions. Fllr some years past it has fluctuated
[ruin 80 to 190 per Celt,. dist:omit. so that HO
one tan be certain. for six months together,
of the teal state of hie property. As the greater
pars of ills. piper was Issued by the British Go-
see 00000 rut, it 'seems but reasonable that every possi-
ble mean. shouhl be taken, isi order to bring it
back to intend voluerof five 6x-dollars to the
pound surfing. Toils sill 110 doubt happen when-
ever the value of the exports shall exceed that of
the imp .ff.; but Mole the merchant lies under
the sserea.ity t,l* puidiamig bills fur ressintahcro.
the evil will condone to tie felt. It might tend ire
some degree to misrelate the evil, if the looney to
be frond to the emigrants by the Goinftlittictit were
issued w bills on sus Majesty's tmeasur).
" I loving thus noticed the principal olijecii 0000
real 'Emil uu .gissary. In thee.' :unto' of the Cape.
It truly rensaliss fur us to debt:tiler briefly the illy..
trict iu o hitch it a proposed to ',Net tile emigrants.;
mid to illtititre 10 whit talent the colotiy es capable
of receiving au 4141111111111 A populations.
The spot totriallril lor them, in the first inst4sice.
is called by the Dutch, the ZuNreseld, ur *our.

" The planes of Albany are interspersed with
film lumps of vigorous brushwood, inixeil with
trees of a considerable size, having all the appear-
ance of a gentleman's pal k in England ; and the
deep ravines near the sea-coast are choked up with
forests of a superior growth. The whole district is
intersected by several streams, of water flowing from
uurth to youth, besides a number of str.rouleis mod
springs which have never been opened, or prevesited
from tanning to waste.
" The nearest bay to the settlement is that of
Zwart-Kops. or Algoa, which though open to tits
south-rant or summer winds, affords good and Life
anchorage; the only inconvenience being thr almost
perpetual surf which rolls upon the t,e ch during
their continuance. The bar of Zorn-Koos is al-
ternately open amid closed, but the river, within. the
bank, is navigable for small vetorla tut several
miles. Near its bank has recently beet, established
• new town, called Unetiliage, which is also the
name of the whole district, formerly a part of Graaf
Reynet. Here is the residence of the local Nlalio.
irate or I.milfrost. Fur the present, therefore. this
place will be the general mart fur the new settlers;
but as population multiplies, and the surplus pro-
duct increaser, some of the rivers will nu doubt lie
made accessible, amid fishing towns or village* be
established along the shore of Albany. The cozens
of the colony every where al/timid with a variety of
good esculent fish, which, except in the ha). near
the Cape, have never been MUltStrll. S i little it,.
deed do either the Hotteutots or the CelFrrr know
.64 Lure about fish, tlabLireesi ihirePON• • 41•14;le •••'
bat kati tttt of any kiud, not even I canoe, frnin the
Cape Maim to Del ago. Bay. The boor sometimes.
but very rarely, makes a party of pleasure to
'rear the moods of the rivers, and ill fusiiislied as
he is with fishing tackle, lie is always successful.
It is to be hoped, therefore, that g the fanli-
ke, about to proceed. will be found a few fishermen
by profession. Besides the certainty of at, abund-
ant supply, they will have the advantage of obtain-
ing salt in any quantity from the raft-pas of
Uitenbage, or indeed with. great facility by the
were evaporation of sea-water.
"The rivers that flow through Albany into the sea
are the Sunday, the Rosjeinan, the Knreeka, the
liasoo km, the Kowie. and the Great Fifth River, or
Rio trlitfaiste of the Portuguese. The last is per.
limps the only one that will admit vessels of hordes).
Width' it is of sufficient depth mid capacity fur the
I irgr•t ships of war ; but, like all the risers on
this coast, its mouth is crossed by a bar of sand.
We doubt, however, whether a has been exastinted
since the colony cause iota our hoods: she presump-
tion is. that vessels of considerable burden only
pass, otherwise the Puituguttse would scam, ly have
record a fort at it. entrance for their protection.
Should this prove to be the caw. it will be of infi-
nite advantage to the settler* of Alhiliy, VP a liar.
bout from winch they will at all tames he able to
export their produce, aire. pa open • irr,le with
Mozambique. the Isle of France, and Madagascar.
whetter cattle may be imported iu any quantity at
a very trifling expense.
these rivers tool their several branches,
numerous *strings of water are met with io all the
liorly wooded della, which still rem:tails, as the boors
found them, lit a stale of nature. Within land. un
the northward, Albany is skirted by thickets of
lusurideit growth, abounding with aloes, ellpilui.
bias, 410 other succulent plants, lord extruiliii4,
with few imerrisptions. thirty or forty miles
depth, nut Mir foot oh whielo fins ever been clear,(l._..
breast..., as the boors alleged, the milky etaphorbi is
put out the lire whenever they attempted to horn the
thirketr°. The few elephants that yet rionato take
blinker it, slwsr coppice., in which are also found
the various beasts of prey peculiar to this part Of
Africa. Not moil veal. ago the ;ileitis of
literally swarmed with game of all kinds; blot the
number of troops which have of late been stationed
thew, the norms of the Catlrrs, and above all,
the Hottentots collected as a missionary rioahli.ll.
meld on the lower port of the Kasuwk have very
comialetahly thinned thew.
" he general view *hidh we have taken,
it is rvi.lesit that the colony offal& ample mope use
all extended cultivation. Inciudiog itiete
are not leas than severs millions of acres of IlikUeell.
pied rod cultivable kook besides three 11111.5 that
amount of all inferior **Melt( of territory
capable of affording an istliorist provision for
70,000 iodustrious rod agricultural families. The
lonsisfarms, its g•rpotent oecapation, aruount to meat-
ber to neatly 4,300 ; in quantity to eleven millions
of acres. If, wader a betwr apnea. these tarsus
were paicelled out. and each made to aupporl but
one-troth part of the number of persons remilis.g at
Guarletithal, itself mace r Itato-laress, they would
give employment and maintenance to a looptil.itiou
of 470.000 souls, isistead of qo.ooa. the utinuat

• Bue•r's Travels i• &tethers Africa.

lowing naiitiona as inust likely to meet their per.
pn.e. To the northward, Zwartland. Twenty.fosir
Rivers, and Picquetberg, all excellent for the col.
titration of corn and wine, and in the neighbourhood
of Saint Helena and Svldanha Bays—to the east.
ward, the banks of the Breede River, and the plain.

through which it flows from Wastrels to the sea-
coast, birth well adapted for the culture of grain,
which can be transported to tit. Sebastian's Buy, by
the said river, jaut Now, for the first time, disco.
erred to be navigable by vessels of considerable
burden, thirty or forty miles into the interior ! On
the same cono, in the neighbourhood of Moose',
PlettenheN, and Algoa Bays, where the soil is fit

for any sprCle4 of culture—eind lastly, the shores of
the Knysus Iferboisr, Situate about twenty miles on
the Cape side of I'lettenliesg's Bay, in the nnmediate
vie' • y of the only forests of timber in the whole co-
lusty. The eteratice into thissecure harbour is about
280 yode in width, the elrpth of water it feet, and
it deepens and *islet's withief. to a spacious lake,
communicating by is river with the beat part of the
forest, *nil surrounded by a beautiful anal fertile
country, occupied at present by two persons, one
of wh ttttt is au Englishmau, who, in possession of
another Marna Edgcuntlie, with his black wife,
and thus or four dingy elauglite:rs, has adopted all
the slosesaly hubits of a Dutch hone. A place so
situated, and so admirably adapted for a dock-
yard, or ship.builshaig establishment, fur the'cuast
and, aliolfe all, us a central mart for the
case:ling trade, cannot lung remain iu its present
•• We sltall'yweiatiaia hot one spot more, and
chirk site a view to she* how much this neglected
colony is upon to improvement, and how little its
advantages appear to be understood. On the
coast of the Cape peninsula, within ten miles
of the c.spital, is an excellent harbour, completely
lamd.locksd, and perfectly secure at all seasons of
the year ( he butt sandy, with good acchorage),
and capable of holallie.; at least 10 sail of the line.
Such is Hoist Bay ! It abounds with a great va-
riety of good fish, said numerous rills from the
wooded ravines on tither side uniting iu the middle,
Bow in o clear and copious stream down a beautiful
valley, containing at the least 3,000 acres ; the
whole of which is iu the pOSSItSsIOII of one man,
whose house, situated near tlw margin of the bay,
is surrounded by a few roods of corn land and vitae-
yards; the rest being a complete wilderness, over-
grown with what in Ladle' would be called jangle.
Thirty industrious English families, with a hun-
dred acres apportioned to each, would, in the course
of a very few years, convert this unprofitable des
stet into a perfect paradise.
" It would be a wa.te or words to dwell on the
political anal commercial importance of a colony so
happily situated us th et of the Copt, commanding.
by its position, 0 retely communicatithi with every
part of the Pivilized world, and which, if deemed
advisable, snighi be made the west entrepot of the
eastern anal etcetera' loesnisplarter. But we cannot
pass lit silence one of the beneficial result. which
we anticipate Ruin the extended colunizatiou of the
Capr, it sanely. that of the improved condition of the
bordering Caffrey. The rz ample of au industrious
populutiou of Europeans will not, we are person&
ed, he thrown away on this well-disposed said fine
race of men ; ou the contrary, we augur that. when
they shall have adjusted their disputes among them-
selves, thry will cheerfully set about the cultivation
4111 f a grateful soil, not with coarse millet and bitter
gourds, as heretofore. but with productions of
inure inlaid and salutary nature. These people being
entirely flee from idulstrous prejudices, would be
ready to edibieVe the benevolent dot:tresses of ChM..
howdy ; sisal this lirld will perhaps be occupied by
the Alarmism's• though we much fear that Me-
thodists sal* less useful character have already got
the start of them. These etethusiostic ranters have
spread themselves over the colony and gone beyond
its limits, elocusaragnag idleness by instructing the
'anises iu their own peculiar doctrines. and im un-
thing el.e. as is hut too •pisarent in their filthy
and wretched estaldeshmenis, own, ggg tt g with flot.
tentuts still in a state sal nakedness, or in shear au-
clean slieep••kin cluthinz. Instead of ezpressiog
their grails ode to their Clymer in lay a and wogs.
the Methodist Hottentots do 'whim; but whimper.
and groan. which, one of their teacher* told
Mr. Latrolw. • was COosidetril as a vigil of MlMlC-
floc' by the power of the woral,•—• it gh I don't
think,' Paid a Ilaltentat In th s that
there is any great penal sia our grutisong SO
ea Should the Cie es !lowa ver, coin tory to iise
rtt-
Isee•tativai, i• 1111 l tinge to rumuili de neilstivaason She
IWO Settle ras, dour tesiaio expolson fouls the plata*
sal the co st and brims.' the useminains will mimosa.
ray lor the consequence. Thr poowsmon of this
comitty interteninebetweris thee Great Fish River
mot U logos Hat . Anted by a sea•elsast of about
sin hundred miles, has showy* tempted the cupidity
of the Mulch bou.s. A party of these people, who

to give the appearance of a turban. Their Euro-
pean and Hindoo features made it picilsable that
they were the mixed descendant+ of wine unfortu-
nate people who had•beeu wrecked on the coast
which seemed afterwards to be put out of douht by
the appearance of three old white Women, who, Imre-
ever, could give no account of themselves, havoig
in all probability been children *hen wrecked.
The noinher consisted of 'West four hundred ; they
hsd extensive gardens of millet, leisife, sugar-caue
plantations, sweet potatoes, and other fruits and be-
getable', with some cattle, and *mitered to he liv-
ing in quiet and comfort ; which furnidies uu sli4lit
proof of the inoffensive conduct and character of
the eaffres.

" The Dutch pretend (but we are sure the Eng-
lish will set up no such clam►) that this lwautifial
country belongs. by purchase. to the colony. Their
historian. Kolbe. we recollect, swamis the same
thing. and says, that their High Nligl ' .ises rave
30,000 guilders (1,0000 worth of toys for the
whole country, from Mussel lLiy to Mozlisthique.
that is to say, about 300,000 square miles ! Ther
might, just as well, hare extended their purchase
to the Straits of Bahelmandel.

" But it is not the Dutch only who hare coveted
the CalTre country. The same lied.meile Stow,
whom we mentioned before°, strongly recommend-
ed to Mr. President Adams the formation of a set.
tletuent in • country which, lie lays, • abounds ne
timber or the best quality ; poos.esses many excetl.
lent harbours; is blessed aids the richest pastur-
age, that feeds innumerable herds of the finest
cattle ; whose lanai, during the season favourable
to vegetation, are carpetted with nowt,. that per-
rouse the sarrountlisag atmosphere ; and %V i)0.4.
shores are frequented by fish of every quality and
o!escriptiosu' At that tune, however, the Amesicasa
Government had Hut extended its ambisious views
=trf • its sawn Matinee* ; tut new, Mlien die"
to he isrowling shoot in ear's of forei,res
establishments, in the West Indies, the Aletliter-
rnesean, the Pacific, and on the western coast of
Africa, we should not be greatly surprised if they
discovered the Portuguese settlement of Delagun
Boy to be convenient for their commercial eater.
course with India and Chins. Di int/ions !--
, Though we du not much admire the Portuguese
syst.m of colonization, we yet prefer it to that of
America, as exemplified by t David Porter, E.q '
(the only specimen with which we are acquaint.c)
at Nomaliervale, where that redoubled commander
pest to death one part of the inhabitants iu order to
obtain a plea for plundering the rest."
• See p. 230.—Beajawsia has bee, rather searsily de.i;t
with by oar critics—Not saddled wish prusiouocisic h.•
Narrative a mere fable, they have eves deaird she txis.-
ewe of the poor ono, as well as of the rued ship lb--
cafes. Now we how somirthieg of Captais Stout. lie war.
so lee sure, very illiterate, out to say ignownit, and MUCh-
derfully apt to wander into those • beautiful obliquities' is
point of fact, for which the mercantile marine of his may.
try is so justly celebrated; but be certainly did out demise
to be altogether sanihilated. We ens assure oar sceptical
brethren, that we not owly whammed the appearance of
Captain Stout sad some of his crew at the Cape, hot that
we saw, with oar 01V4 eyes, the wreck of di • lien-saes 0.4
sheerest of Oared% and no the precise sent indicat.d ly
the Captain : his testimony, thrieffsre, to the general a pia a..
sacra the euratry, sad hr the humanity of the CatLcs. is
bey'./ the possibility of gaged's.

GEM. D'EVIREUX'S ICAPEDITION.

[From the" Belfast Chromicle."]

MILPAST. Dec. 22.—0 n Sunday, the Nicholai
Pu&frisch arrived in the Belfast Lough, from
Dublin, bound for South America', and landed
about one hundred men on the Bangor sod
Cult'', shores. The account there men give is,
that, after sailing from 'Dublin, they were put
on short allowance, and were so emu tied in the
vessel, that they could not exist; that they -
guested of Colonel Power. either that
should get better treatment, or be sent
The latter was complied with, the Colonel
drring them to be stripped of their j4c!
Their story, however, is very improbable,
in many instances, totally false, as we 114'
tained front various sources. Yesterday,
Lyster waited on us with a letter lie had
from Colonel Power, which is annexed,
accouitt of the occurrence, and
of the provisluos un board ; this he is read;
to any person who will calf Oso
The following is the letter of Colontl
" Oa beard Ike Nieholai. Belfast
December 20, 1819.
" My Dams CoLosst.--ne disaireraide
which have l6ken place sines we left Ihstr:in,
SO mod ;ow this held hat tree alsteasesit of it'. in.
ea freak Deakin" au Friday niche last, *Suitt 04.1fr0
The asea appeared happy awl co...ruled wait
Meg evening, 'Ara nemly of Mese (about sir .
eetack) rashed ep front halves% den kit, and ci
he pet on shore. I histaelly Jeatao.ir.l their
Coglidile id highly improper sad eulreronime
ply was, that the ship as. leaky awl u
awl meat to keep at 6.6: Sissy I
permitted Sr giving me how I. evasion nigh 11`
they bed their informatioa front all the stators;
haematite,. they said, um., he trav, as the 'saws
KIM hell declared they Wlll4lll out rename are board
tee week she obi. farther those the Nearest port. '
three for the night. by ;musing them. Old
as Wilbed to leave the abtj shawls. have 'deity,

N

TION.
t Nicho!ai
gh, froth
id landed
rigor mid
give 114
wt rt pet
ed or the
L they re-
tit .
alaipry or
Oil bilOffr•
lel first Of.
Acts,. B.T.
le, cod OA,
14V! eICM.
V, CoSoiled
received
giving an
11.4 a I St
dy to biauw
Power :
+at Ilubuer.
•
occurrence%
iwiti
la. We sari.
eves reeler b.
the follow-
Mour of .ix
t••
r reasons fir
Ipt
t Thou re-
bate imjerr.l.
Mom. bring I ".
1 '
tbesi, diet
!camel which
radon thew-
board Writer.
t. I pacariad
74`,
at •• sway
Ay, si a •

anti pniaibl'i" °Po°"°•ilY to a° " onthe following any, serious doubts npnn the !advantages of facilitating Bills will be equally applicable to such a propo-
ISII"4""'""t" they renewed theirapplidliuu; suit "6 to the labouring cleses of the people the meting sitino. We shall to told that prevention is far
mule a promise that inch men as wished it should Ise sent 1.1 . n think it advisable
~ruv,•ore , be did
. shoe, ass made fur !Heal,row,. muully
aria, a p o lust better than pwresslittient, and that such a measure
put" into wbirb Irrlwrrofifiy sud sia+ythat they ehould have. pulsiiciaos at the loon., or
would affect only the blasphemer and the traitor;
men got and put off. There Were a great many of them statesmen It the spinning-jenny. It could-have ue
miserably unsound, tires nonviable wretches, who smuggled other effect than to make men whit might fsory that beiii•htnent was found only to acerbate the
tbrumelves into 11w hosts Al Donn e ary, by taking advantage themselves formed 'solder destinies iliteetis- feelings of the sufferer, and give greater virulence
of the wetness of she bout and ilarkorsa of the iambi, aod fled with t•n rtr
humble employment, and per- and effect to her writings ; tied that able literary
*rho were never seen or inspected by any medical Gentle-
red sonic good workmen into had sole
man. I must here inform you, that just at the period , men exiled from England, mid removed as well
those fallow. were about b..inv sent on shore here, the adore His Noble Frieuil near I (Lord Erskine), who genre the control a. the irrotectiort of their native
-4411°0 to •-dbro)glotke al 10. Yostß 10•Ist411.01"titi lbw, thee ' was in their Lordships' House the great patron of
would not remain in the ship any longer, in consequence of Gower 1111 l tut, were found to beemne Instruments
the public press, might perhaps object, that • free
which, instead of standing out to sea, we were obliged 10 press had in itself • principle of correctio“; sad li dangerous to this country in the hands of our
eosin to anchor here. l send he? with n list of provisions
of alt deSCripliond on tOlftl, whirls l sun confident is that the only means of ineveniiiig its ahuses, OF of enemies and rivals; sisal filially, 3liisisters will once
more limn suffiennH for three hundred mew fur Arse . homily destroying the mischievous portimi of it, was
mine declare with all the energy of sincerity, that
months, in order that, should any of the infamous idle to undersell it, or to write against it. Tills grit- , ,
characters whom I have sent on shore, be base eoinigh to po,,tio„ aught • the hest friends to the liberty of the
be true in ordinary crises. butt tier
tHeY °in"- are
endeavour to sported reports anjori, us we, it treatment
of them (ref the contrary of which I haven many vouchers .
presetst instance the great cherpossa of these pub. Frees, and that they desire the custody of it only
to produce). dist you nosy be able to, mvignsineb you licnttons prevented the possibility of their being to save it from destruction, as in the old Rotiusis
will, publicly contsadict them--1 am, ate." undersulti; amid the mischief had been tareray too Ina, a 1111 l orious spendthrift WAS Cointuitted to the
estemovely dieseniinateill to admit a hope of their
custody of Isis friends to save him from ruining his
being now enabled to correct it by the lair keret of
property. %%Pe know from Lord Surmount. that
argument. He conceived the B:11 abiedistsly ne-
cessary, and he therefore should give it his support, the propriety of establishittg a ceii•orship was a
The Bill was then read, passed, and a Ines- rpiestioso iti the Cstioet, and although the pre-
sage was ordered to lee sent to the Commons tio trot moment 'night not have been exactly suited
annuitant them with their Lordships' resolsition.
fur provosts% such a in e•stu e to liar! in turo t,
The Bakers' Regulation Bill was read a third
time, and passed.—Adjourned. yet the enactment of the prevent Bulls, and the
subtle hint that such a prjeet was in content..
plot' 1111 l will so far have temoved the difficulties
ril.it now Stein lo oppose the adoption of the
measure, that when it shall he next proposed
it will not he sit likely to shock our prejudices
and irAhtisies as if at .were now abruptly thrust
upon the country. If the abuse of n noble and
valuable privilege be sin argument for its aboli-
tion, no privilege cats be safe. Its u het country,
and among a Ing I nee, people pmuii of their
rights, and perhaps sometimes too ready to exert
them, sse may expect to find popular meetings oc-
casionally' tumultuous, and as the human mind
cannot be supposed to be always exempt from the
infleence garbed passions, libels may be expected
to issue bairn a fret- press; but the law has wisely
providell for the puoishinent of these °cessions!
offence* and those who most lament them, feel
th it they ore the necessary tax which society must
pay for the frijoyinelsr of librrly, •Sill console
the Wickes by reflecting that the good derived
from the privilege fir outweighs the evil. An
its tividts..l may assault a ',sliceable mail, yet this
could be sin reason for ituposilig handcuffs and
fellers upon every man its the kingdom. If we
a err to ;:rgite from the abuse to the abolition of a
110 Inuit could be Ida, eri in such reasoning,
nuts! every privilege was gradually destroyed, and
Om once boasted Constitution of England reduced
to tore simple machinery of a despotic 'Monarchy.

INPARIAL -PA ICLIAMEAT.

VOUSE OF LORDS, WenitsoAr, DscruausL 29.

NEWSPAPER AT A Ml' DUTIES.
On the Mullin of thee Eat of Liteatrooa. the
:Order of the Diy was raid .fiir !-!ie third 'tailing of
the Newspoper Stamp Duties Bal.
The Bill was read a third time, arid the quer:ion
being put for paseing the
Lord ERVI(INIi entered the Elouse, and requested
'permission to say a few words two,' the proiciple
on which the measure was founded. The Noble
Lo►d spoke in a tone of voice 60 extreme!). low, that
it was quite impossible to bear distinctly below the
tar the purport of his. observirrions, but from the
few words which we occosieriorlly heard, we could
Collect genet-ails that he objected to the Bill as an
annecessary and mischievous infringement upon the
liberty of the press, and even upon the freedom of
trade. It was unjust, he.said, to require an iirdivi.
dual, •trout to embark w a particular occupa-
tion, to find securities for his good behavamr,
and tort lie should not fall too au offence. which it
might be as impossible to avoid, as it avowedly was
to defioe. lira were thus punished, not merely while
they were innocents but even 'before they could
possibly commit any offence. There was no an-
alogy in oar laws to justify such a proceeding; the
principle was as unique as it was notoriously un-
just. The effect of the Bill was to destroy alto-
gether the small bookstiling brides fur that clues of
persons to whom this pottwo of the trade afforded
a livelihood, could riot be supposed capable of
flying the securities whiCh the Bill required. But
whatever individual hardships may be itifl.cted by
the Bill, lie dirt not think it would produce the
effect which their Lordships contemplated. lie did
not dent• th it circumstances may arise in the coun-
try which would justify such a measure, but a hat
be had principally to complain of mats, that no suf-
ficient et•ideuee was laid before the Mouse in war-
rant thee•.: in inflicting so violent a blow ups,. the
liberty of r:te press.
The Eitl of LIVERPoot., in reply to the Noble
tool who had just spoken, said, that the inertia
Eill did riot affect the respectable port of the press,
but inertly went to ai ice males regulation the cor.
rapt pares, which had sprung up aches a frt..
yiars, and which had already dude incalculable rni•-
chitf. It tiffected only such pun ICSI-lUI.II KS were
sold wider sixpence, and consisted of Las than two
sheets. The Bill did not comprise the usual doily
newspapers, nor the periodical monthly publica.
timer, nor ►hose small works wh.cli sere bona fide
rlioeiiiivatrd fur the promotion of useful know.
ledge. ‘Vith respect to an observation made by
the Noble Lord, that tio analogy existed in our
laws to warrant the enactinelit of this measure,
he believed that lie was correct in stating that
a very importaut class of persons, the publicans,
were required, previous to their undertaking their
business, to find securiiiewto u considerable amount
for their good behaviour ; could ISO 11611.111 complain-
ed of ibis regulations which was moldered easel!.
tial for the advantage of the community. is fad,
re principle could be more just Clan that all indi-
siduals embarking in any triple or to:copilots
which might prove pernicious to society, ►boulil
fiod securities to the public, that they:would de-
Mean themselves properly, sod not abase abets pri-
vileges. The Noble Lord too must be-aware that
at this moment even the respectable part of the
periodical press was compelled to find securities ton
.large remount, fur a different purpose inderalsaialie
payment of stanipsbut the effect mast heakesause
to the individuals concerned. The Noble. Earl
expressed his coovictiois that there was un elms, of
[tenons. generally speaking. more entitled to
esteem t'•iau !how alto were connected with the re-
"'redone port of the public press, and upon ihrno
the present Hill could produce no injurious rtiver.
Lend ELLENBOROUGH agreed with his Noble
Friend, that the present Bill could have los injurious
eillect 'Ton the respectable part of the public press.
such that its object was to destroy a pauper press of
receut growth, formed for the use of a reading mob.
For that portion of the press lie could entertain no
sympathy, and he hoped that the Bill would have
the effect which their Lordships eoitemplated.
That press was conducted upon no principle but
that of destruction—it pandered to the basest
Wishes of the mob—addressed itself not to the
judgment but to the pussions—did not affect to
lead, but was ever ready to follow the worst tune
and temper of the worst classes of society, and
*trove only to acerbate the public mind, and sti-
mulate it to the most vicious actions. From the
acquittal of Hone to the conviction of Coble this
press was under no coutrul, and felt no oppreberi-
pion of lamishinesit ; and to this circurostarice did
lie attribute lie pernicious activity by which it was
ifortiognisked. If the present Bill were not passed,
ell their former measures would he of no avail.
"Iltose mossiares were of effect to oreyeot the acts
of sedition, hut this assailed seditittu is .its very
liatlgiVe. If this Kill were sot passed, Pashament

THE BRITISH PRESS.

LONDON,
THURSDAY, Dacamesa 30, 1919.

The Newspaper Stamp Duty Bill was yesterday
evening read the third time in the Douse of L-rtl.,
and passed, and will probably this day, with the
Libel Bill, receive the Royal Assent. If the only
effect of this measure were to prevent the publira-
non of those cheap vehicles of sedition and blas-
phemy which have for some time sought to pollute
the public mind, and hate disgraced the country,
we certainly should lie among the first to applaud
so salutary a provision ; but the cheapness of •
publicatioii does nos necessarily imply that it is of
a mischievous tendency, and this Bill itidivernit,-
nstelY assails the loyal with the disloyal, and with
the same strong arm belts down the Christian and
the Infidel. This 133 U, hossever, can have no oilier
operation than to raise the price of political writ-
ings; for it cannot prevent those among the la-
bouring classes of Society, who have hitherto in-
dulged iii political read tug, from still pursuing
their favourite enjoyment—nor will it purify the
minds of thus.: alio have found it to be their itilr.
rest to cater for the depraved taste of their readers.
Great and nolde esteriioi:s kite been nude to eat
fuse aiming the lower (inlets of the people the
means of acqiiirilig kiintaleilze; the great mass of
the people Can read, 111111 111 I hi. IC WWII, Whiell is
still Colnparaiively free, they are perinit^ed to
think ; the state of public affairs must naturally
engross their thoughts, and consequently much of
their reading; must be pointed!. By ',lawgiving the
'mental capacities of the people, ea ariticial want
has been credtstl, which situ.t he satisfied; a de-
mood has sprung up for political infirinati ~,,, anti
as in every other ciicurtishiiire of life, persons will
be found to supply this demand, who, in providing
the article, will lashirm it to the taste of the coo.
sowers. Their taste is, at the present crisis, from
various circumstances, unfortunately vicious, and
so long as it continues m this state, writes. will he
found to pamper it. measure now proposed
may indeed destroy a host of small traders, but it
will affect only those alio are of little weight or
consideration; the great traders will still remain,
and though compelled lo change the character of
their speculation., the poisons they vend will not
be the less pernich•us.

Hut we think we OM see the ministerial selibes
chuckling in triumph ut tile ref ection that the tn.
rors of the Libel Hill will effectually prevent soy
individual from nriling such sentiments as were
coutaiurd in tile lis Opt tiny " Good
Geittlenito, y,uu le.ve a while," you must not
hove the orpiment both way.. If the terrors of
the Libel Hill isi:l hive the ttLet, vs the Alinisters
say they sill, of lin venting the dissemination of se-
ditious and blasphemous sentiments, then the cheap.
orbs of u publication could be of no importance, and
a twopemay pamphlet sobld wove as innocuous in
the hands of a cotton.spunier as if it were trans.
formed by parliamentary magic into a formidable
Morning Paper, " Nice seven-pence." But tin
Act of Parliament, bristling with what horrors it
may, has not %%Ulna itself a principle of action;
the powers created by the Legislature will be of
no more value than the paper that contains them,
unless the servants of the public give them life and
animation, wild not even the Lilac: Hill will be
found sufficient to save the country from the corrup-
tion of a licentious press, if the provision, of it
he not enforced with greater cum gy than was mani-
fested by the Law, Officers of the Crown during the
whole of the last, year, and the first six mouths of
the present.

*scald not merit the confidence which the great body
of the peeple reposed in its energy and wisdom. fur
it was felt that the ihstressor which now beset the
country bed their passer in %Anew.. and that this
tuna-stile of evil was is its taus desired from the
impure portion of the public loess.
_ admitted. *Mild effectually
moss of t4,peopl! of u
diservv ;t, mummer ~rearciesm
wosltl..to ilse.abstmcs.. be
13 part be eillete•Med very
•

We should not indeed be very muds surprised
were the Minibteis of the Crown, at no distant
period, to apply again 14 Parliament, rind to insure
it that even these einipmres were found to he iner..
Orations—that sedition still raised its voice, and
that blasphemy stahlted as large fhtwagh the People,
and that nothing could wive the country from the
estarnitows constquesiwes of Otis double visitation,
but !lie establishment of a previous cen►ai.hp.
The asigameute moat adduced iu summit of AiUlf

•

We find from a commuMeatiou from Manches-
ter, from which the loilooing is au ettraet, that
the ixr.ans recently urreslt I.in that town us deli.-
Kates from dalcrent It4dicAl bodits, have been
cut:ll'6lml to prison :
" NO,/ Balky Court-House, Salford, December 27.
" The 'Aloe per alto were apprebruticd on Thursday
last, at the Sir Splney Smith public.hause, in Port-street.
Itlasichest.r, nod iet• are delegates from the various
ficted ilistiicts in this neigh. aurlitiod, together with the
two persons spoteltenilett on Friday Isla in the New Bailey
Count-llouse, hare wittlerviie a Imitg private examination
lit fore a lit nch of Magistrates this day. Teti of them have
bre., committed to Lancaster Castle, for want of bail,
charged with having conspired to alter the existing foetus
of Goverinueut."

The Std of the PRESIDENT of the United
Slates on the opening of Courts* is looked for-
ward to with commies-able inteieat in the City. The
6th natant was the thy on which it would be de-
liver.d. It way be therefore expectel to arrive in
this country in thecourite of next week:

Yesterday LAMA CATIICART had • long audience
of the l'lttscE Recant at Carlton House, upon
Ins return from has EustlArsy to Russia.

The Duke of YORK came to town on Nlntulay
evemog from Owllunch.. On Tto-,(lny hi% Itoyol
fleglniews held ■ Ltvee ■t his office ni the Florae-
(l

Yesterday Lard IllEtimm,6 held a Levee et the
Ad Ity, to receive Naval Officers, &c.
There has been on arrival of Paris Papers since
Tuesday. untie being published on Christmas day.
The following is an extract from a private letter :

" PARIS, DIiCENSIR
" In the course of the following week the French
flabeas Corpus Law is to be proposed. In the
early days of ',bowery the important modifications
of the Election Law, and revision of one of the
clauses of the Charter, wall be submitted to the
Chamber. The health of 111. DE SLIME, Keeper
of the Seals, is so impaired, dna his physician as.
swell him yesterday that he would out answer far
his life, if he did not renounce lair parlimeistary
duties fur the preterit Session. But so prufoutidly
is this 3lagistrate penetrated with the urgent
city of the projected alterations, that he exclsimed,
Je us roes demeude pus de repondre de rues jours,
je rows demotside s'il ext possible qee je me reiide ri
tribuse ou non.' The public and private pry-
party of Prince PAUL of Wirtemberg has been
for a long period sequestrated by order of the
:NG, his brother. His Royal Highness yesterday
eveuing received intelligence that this measure hail
been reversed. He has likewise received a letter of
convocation to attend the openiog of she States iti
his quality of heir presumptive to the Crown on
the 1.506 of January, 1E00."
AsauLaat, DEA:snails 4. —Abat: half en hour
past seven o'clock this evening, there was felt hem
a smart shock of an earthquake, similar to that Nit
at Connie. a few days ago: it lasted two or three
seconds: its direction was by the Grampian hills
eastward. The houses sad funnier, shook; and
the whole went awn/ with a noise like the slow pass-
of carte.


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TillidTßES.

Th• Siege of Belg►wde attracted
audience lart night. This piece inch
constellation of vocalists. IF,rst there .
sax. the rents Apollo of the art. whose
non and modulation of tours, so simple
so complex in the conception, expressly
description of—

WIN DSO H.

On Friday the -Duke of You arrived at the
Cook Bern Louth'''. In the afternoons his Royal

Ilighoes• went to 0 itlaterk. to dinner.
l'he Marquis of CAMDEN wetot tout of waiting on
the KING. on Fri(ev, mill WI for Londott. The
Eni of WlNcitit.suA :it-roved to relieve the Noble
11 .•ritn-. and 14 now in waiting on the KING.
Prineeo.toe. AUGUSTA rod SOPHIA take
daily airing., riding or w .1 king.
Oil Sunday Peltier LEOPOLD arrived at the 0.110
Ile. from if r inniit, un is visit to the PRINCESSES.
D:11 Royal Higher.las teat .toed till Monday.
L.dr CAROLINE DAMER his been on a visit to
the PRINCESSE,, and 1.-ft Oil Swittlay for Loudon.

w With mutates heed, tad (idly maniac
The aseltusg voice, t►ruu,Th mimes
Unravels ell the dogma Met tie
The hictileu soul of harmony:*
fie displayed, with his unfailing success,
sical ideals of love and war, tenderness
tim,, to the Seraskier. Min BYRN'
CAREW tracked hint close ill the
lence. We should .lu neither of than
to aver, that .they kept perfect pace,
is likely that, for the tittle, they Kas
whole, equal gratihcatitm. It will be
to them, however. to poiut out ii/
they differ front that great model.
perfect in the formatiou of tours, but
of 6101(1111KWM, in the applicariou
emphasis, and is tile general expression.
CAREW.* intonation is, though exert&
aril brilliant, too sullstalitial 111 lie ea•V
and way be compared. without much •
a siring of cry►tals of great value dud
too *suddenly ro led in produce en
live beauty. Miss lilrarta, though
inferior power, is rather snore successful
The fault of he► tones is au opposi
above. too suddenly from our to the
tl sufficient imprennon. She has ►pleb.
however, and if her expreriiiiir to not
sparkling and gladsome. mush lier vo►er
mud decidedly pleasing flow, which Miss CAitt.w.,
wants. The faults of either ii:e riot worth
except in a strict camp:mew' of high'y emulc4,
and nearly perfect efforts. We can say 11-..41111.,;
of Messrs. 11)11ARMAIM and COOKE, as their oppoi.
(unities in the piece ere such as to keep them fru
any iiiteresting display. Our thing we must lamest
though the subject of complaint is truss becoming
ernetaldr--we allude to the toppings and interim.,
latititis of the music. It is lit fur us to say to wituu:
this defect is to be attributed; 'rut tenant it is
that uuthisig trolls to keep the English without
compleie school of music and vocalists, like tic.
habit of unsettling the early luunklations of rue
art. More then half of the music peifurauesa
in last aught'. &peva sirs introduced, aid of
course so equal portion of the original left usu.
producing upon the whole a succession of moots
cal themes. as usawairmitable and uircouuecteti,
as if it were • miserliony taken without choice
or accommodation from a music-441.0% shop-row-
dow. IVtien we praise 'lie performance ul the
ladies and geidlersien before itiviatumeti, which we
do must warmly, it must not be taken to respect
to the music of the opera—of that they sing very
little indeed.

FASHIONABLE ARRIVALS and DEPARTURES.

COVENT•G/ADQN.

Lost night the new historical tragedy of Mary
Stuart, Queen of Scotland, was. reproduced at tun
theatre. A variety of ciicumatai.cea, to which it is
quite usitirceniary to advert snore particularly, Lul
excited u considerable degree of interest in the (ba-
thetic world concerning the bUCervil of dila play.
In the interim, since its first representation, it has
uoilergone rrrrr al judicious alterations and curtail-
mews, and its fate was by far more favourable than
that which it then experteoced. The part of the no-
fortunate /fiery, winch had been sustained ou akar
prec,ditig night by i 111.4 NIACAULLY. Was test
Light assigned to Me* FOOTE. In toobequeuer,
we tuirinw, of this altered arrangement, on the
ra.ing of the teirlalii a rather faint coy was raised
from different parts of the futile fur Miss 10•cou-
LEA, and Ilse prefarthera were obliged to retire.—
Its a few iiiiii news, however, the ch vulleidoeg,
they re-appealed, and sill) the eXerpliois of a NAO.,
liiiuliltUOUS sally from the tipper gallery,
tit the brgitiiiisig of the fourth act, the performance
proceeded, not wily without interrupt i but even
wi!li profound attrillinis on the part of the audience,
and tepeated bursts of applause, till the t losiiig
aa-
lastroplar. Ilan iiiheleetlog figure arid appearance,
arid exterior charm., were the only qualities iequailte
for the representation of Nary Stuart, lie would
a fasistlinos critic who ;hued.' heattair to admit the
just.ce of Mast FOOTEN pretrnriona to that
charac-
ter. But qualifies. of a diGitot ducnptiuu ate
essential to the adequate ieprevesiiiiilto. of
the most an phslied. as well a. the rhos' beau-
Idol of female., wliove sy is dignified wish a
place in blowy. In vinions detached passiigx,.,
particularly in the interview wills Elizabeth, at
Fotheringity Castle, and in the last berm-, Masa
FOOTE, however, ouliewled great Slreogtli of p•seoii
and depth of frrluag, and elicited ai
masks of uppioliatioti. Mrs. Bus \'B Queen Ll:ca-
bals was a riariled, Itatible„ ausi arise piece of
acting. Tire Sir Ildward llluetAHur ul Mr. C.
IiEIIBLE was marked I.y such al Irabh and altonaL
unto:tried twit of eXcelltlice, ttsaa io mICt ly any
praise could exceed its tlei.eits. Mr. ALACREADV
was nu is very great iu Leicester; and Mr. Auisour,
in the Earl tf Shrterabeery, urearauraeloy enaia.
tested powers which would reflect liiiiiwar ',in
airy performer. The pasts were in geoetal airy
effectively austaintd, and the drama undoubt-
edly owes much of its auspicious reception to tl..e
exertion of the players. The plUetsslUill 1111 Qreta
Elizabeth to Kenilworth Cantle is au extremely
splendid and imposing pageant; it excited • strong
feeling of admiration through the liut.• The
curtain was dropt and the tragedy goieift.:Z.. fur
repetition amid a pretty general inahilea‘tatift• of
setisfacii iiii and applause. The new paututourie
aucceeded, and pained off brilliantly.

DUEL PREVENTED,---A Meeting between
P—w—y dud medium! G-ll:Li-
man, was pieveuteil taking place on Wurinwotit
Scrub+ yesterday tinniiitig by the officers of justice.
.1 be Captain was taken after the ground was GAL.
sured, mid he was liberated upon pledging Itt
i
but our to enter into bail.
A warm contest has taken place for the vacant
Recordership of Colchester, between Mr. ewe-
WOOD slid Mr. KELr.y. The poll was opeuedote
Monday, and was act expected to close Wen
Tuesday sewing._

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