The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-02-09 00:00:00

THE BRITISH PRESS.

last seventeen years." He remarks, in conclusion, "we
said that peace would not lye interrntited, and the Speech
from the English throne confirms what we announced."
The Etude states, however, that FEIiDIN•ND has pro-
tested against our acknowledgment of the independence of
his colonies. The 111inister whom, by some extraonlinary
effort of finance, he hu lately despatched to this country,
Senor De Los Rios, is, we believe, specially commissioned
to remonstrate with Mr. CANNING, against the conclusion
of any treaty with the revolted subjects of the King of
SPAIN. But surely never was there a Sovereign,—if he can
be called one, whose authority depends immediately on the
military support of an adjoining State,—sunk so low, and
deservedly so low, in the contempt of the world. The very
same Papers which announce his anger, add also as a cer-
tain fact, that nothing is likely to occur to disturb the ge-
neral tranquillity. If the Powers of Europe would not in-
terfere, any one of the new States,—Colombia, Mexico, or
Buenos Ayres,—would overthrow his government at home
with more ease, than he could fit out an expedition
for the re-establishment of his dominion in any colony that
has separated itself from his weak and odious tyranny.

In the German Papers received last night, we have in-
telligence of the further progress of the Greek cause.
Gotta VRIONE, the Turkish Commander is Albania, ap-
prehensi►c of the treachery of the Divan, who, under :he
pretext of promoting him, are endeavouring to get him
into their power, has opened negociations with Prince
MAVROCORDATO j an armistice had been agreed to, and
it was expected that the Paces would declare himself in-
dependent. The instant he does so, a signal will be given
for the dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire. Every
Pacha remote from Constantinople, will, at once, raise
himself from subjection to sovereignty. The wily Vice-
roy of EGYPT will be among the foremost to seize the
golden opportunity for rfirich he has so long been watch-
ing and dissembling. The internal dissensions of the
Greeks are completely suppressed, and the blockade of
Patras is resumed. The Austrian Observer, the consistent
and persevering friend of the Mahouretans, asserts, that
they are resolved upon making their next campaign with
more vigour than ever. Their resolution may be ♦ery
good, but we suspect their power will begin not a little to
fail them. Their resources are every day shrinking to ■
smaller amount, and they seek in vain to conceal their dis-
tress by the ruinous expedient of tampering with the cur-
rency. The Greeks have credit because they are free, and
have a regular government ; but any man of sound mind
would think just as soon of trusting FERDINAND of SPAIN,
as of relying on the public faith of the GRAND Se t.raN.
Every effort, it seems, however, will be made to call into
the field a great levy of the Turkish forces. The SULTAN,
with his own hand-writing, has summoned the Pachas of
Widden and Belgrade. Alarm has penetrated the Divan,
and not without reason, for never was the empire of Con-
stantinople in a more critical state. It is fighting now,
nor fur victory, but for life.
The Marquis of LaNsnoww, pursuant to the notice he
gave on Monday evening, moved, last night, for the pro-
duction of " Copies of all despatches sent by the Loan
LIEUTENANT of Ire/and, relative to the origin, progress,
and nature of the religious and political Societies of that
country, and their consequences." The Noble Lord
founded his motion on the argument, that as Parliament is
to be called upon to provide against the danger that exists
in Ireland, it ought to be put into possession of all
the official information that Government can furnish.
This proposition was, we need hardly say, ingeniously il-
lustrated and ably supported by the Noble Marquis, whose
great talents amply qualify him to do justice to every sub-
ject on which he addresses his Peers. But, ingenious and
able as was the speech by which the motion was intro-
duced, the clear and impressive reply of the Earl of
Liverieoor. carried conviction to all who heard lnim, as we
have no doubt the Report of his speech will, to all who
reed it, that the required information could not be pro-
perly submitted to Parliament on the question it would
have to consider. Where a measure is rendered necessary
by particular facts, an inquiry must take place to satisfy
the conscience of the Legislature ; but where a Bill is
founded on general principles, it would be idle and ridi-
culous to go into an investigation of every circum-
' stance that may be affected by it, connected with the pro-
posed change. In such a case Parliament must act
upon its own knowledge. This was what it did with
respect to the Orange Associations two years ago, and
what it will now be called upon to do with respect to
the Catholic Association. Lord LIVERPOOL said truly,
that "if the measure to be proposed rested on official

. .
information—if it rested only on the confidence that ought
to be reposed in the Government—if it rested solely upon
the responsibility of his MAJESTY'S Ministers, it might be
a fair case for asking information." But the discussion
will turn less on what the Catholic Association has actually
done,—though all that is perhaps as well known to the
Opposition as to his MAJESTY'S Ministers themselves,—
than on the effects calculated to result in the present state
of Ireland from associations so constructed. This was
what Parliament considered when it legislated to put down
the Orange Societies as they were then constituted; and
the same rule will now be in justice applied to the Catholic
Association.—On the division of the House the motion
was negatived by a majority of 42 not-contents against a
minority of 20 contents.
In the House of Commons, Mr. Sergeant ONsLow
again brought forward the question of the Usury Laws, and
after a few observations in opposition to his motion by Mr.
DAVENPORT and Mr. Ct ;max, and in aprirobation of it
by Mr. Jour: SMITH, the Hon. and Learned Gentleman
obtained leave to bring in a Bill for the repeal of all the
existing laws by which the rate of interest is limited.
Though no argument was, or indeed could be, used to jus-
tify the mischievous restrictions imposed on the trade in
money, we !egret to state that on the division there was
only a majority of seven in favour of the proposed repeal of
enactments contrary to every sound principle of political
economy, and like all legiscation of that kind, especially
injurious to those whose interests it undertakes to protect.
It seems, however, as if the country gentlemen were all
agreed in their abhorrence of the accursed science of poli-
tical economy. They degrade themselves to the level
of the silk-manufacturers of tapitalfields, and insist
with singular vehemence that they arc so destitute
of all ability to take care of themselves, that, if Parliament
should withdraw its guardianship over them, they would
infallibly be ruined ! Mr. asiwen is so passionately
enamoured of the Usury Laws, that he protests if there
were none in existence, he would vote for instituting them,
because,—notable reason !—there arc speculations afloat to
to the amount of 166 millions, as he has learned from
somebody. We know not whether we ought not to suspect
that the Honourable Member for Cumberland was play-
ing the wag, and, under pretence of upholding the
Usury Laws, proving how absurd and useless they
really arc; for. supposing (which we deny) his data
to be correct, it is clearly warr the system he pane-
Fyrises, that the very evils occur he wishes to prevent.
I he fact is, that the Usury Laws in a great measure tend
directly to produce the state of things he deprecates, and
yet be defends them with all his strength, and insinuates
that those who differ from him want " common sense !"

We cordially join with Nlr. JOHN SMITH, Those know-
ledge and experience on this subject are testily worthy of.
the attention of Parliament, in recommencing gr. Ser
geant ONsLow to persevere in carrying his Bill through,
the House, without again exposing himself to the risk Of
defeat by his excessive courtesy to those who are not com-
petent to be trusted fully with the management of their
own affairs.
The Lords Commissioners' speech bad not reached
Dublin on Saturday evening. The most intense anxiety
prevailed as to its contents. The boisterous weather had
kept the people of Dublin three days without an arrival
from Holyhead. They complain strongly and justly of
the general inefficiency of the post-office steam vessels
plying between Dublin and Holyhead. The Liverpool
steam traders b;d not missed a single day.

The Constitutionne I, in its remarks on the Lords Com-
missioners' Speech, ascribes the agitation of the Catholics
of Ireland to an " occult influence," of which, however,
it observes, "it might not be difficult to point out the
origin." " We know," It adds, " that the Jesuits are at
work actively in Ireland. On this subject we possess some
important information, of which we intend to make use?'
This information will be interesting on this side of the
Channel. We hope, therefore, that the Constiltitionnel
will redeem its pledge.

The LORD CHANCELLOR took an oppertunity'on Mon-
day evening, while speaking on the Scotch Judicature
Bill, to state more explicitly the object of the measure he
intended to propose relative to JOINT STOCK COIEPANIES
which was, to make the sale of any shares is any such
Company illegal, until it was incorporated by Royal
Charter, and to punish all persons disposing of any such
shares. Now it appears to us thit there can be but two
evils to be provided against, or to be remedied, with regard
to any Joint Stock Company, be its object what it tray;
the one is, fraud on the port of tbe pnilectors—the other,
as Tect arising from it injurioUs to Mr public. If fraud
ie practised, the common law of the land may be at any
time applied to punish and cuppreas it. If a public injury
is produced, that may effectively be put down as the law
now stands; for it would be too much to say, that, at this
time of day, a new law was necessary for this purpose,
since that would be to admit that we have lived for 500
years inadequately protectAl by the old. But, even if •
public injury of a peculiar kind were to arise, the measure
of remedy should be confined to the specific injury. To
illustrate our meaning—for on this important subject we
would wish to make ourselves distinctly understood—we
will take the objections which were at first made to the
Gas-light Companies; that the liability of the pipes to
explosion rendered their introduction into private houses
dangerous—that the pestiferous exhalations arising from
them was injurious to the health of the inhabitants—that
the conducting the refuse gas into the Thames impreg-
nated the water, and not only destroyed the fish in those
parts of the river, but put the health and salubrity of the
whole metropolis to the hazard.—Here are objections, all
of them very formidable ; but would Parliament have
done wisely, had it refused to charter a Gas-light Com-
pany? We now know, by experience, the prodigious ad..
vantage which the public derive, in every way, from the
introduction of this valuable discovery, which throws *
flood of splendor into every shop, which rentlete our
streets light as day, and which gives a security to our
dwellings greater than could be obtained by the vigilance
of the most vigilant police: as for the objections, they
have been gradually remedied ; the liability of the pipes
and works to accident has been removed by the improved
skill applied to the machinery; the offensive effluvia
arising from any defect in their...construction was got rid of,
as that construction became more perfect ; and the Conser-
vators pf the Thames and the Commissioners of Sewers
have taken due care to preserve the purity of the Thames
and the healthfulness of its waters. The immense capital
required to bring the gas-light discovery first to perfection,
and next into public use—the magnitude of the under-
taking—the expense of management—and the greatness of
the risk, put its establishment infinitely beyond the at-
tempt of any individual ; it could only be conducted, carried
on, and supported by forming a Joint Stock Cumpany,—no
individual funds were at all equal to it ; and yet this in-
calculable benefit to the community wouhl, in all like-
lihood, never have been obtained, had it had to contend
with statutory enactments—with restrictive clauses—and
with all the penalties and provisions which might have met
Its progress in the projected Act of Parliament. There are
so many scarcely discernible boundaries between the wise
and the unwise in monied speculations, that they never
can be the proper or legitimate objects of Parliamentary
interference. They are matters of calculation and discus-
sion in the counting-house, and on the Stock Exchange,
but they are wholly out of the scope of legislative juris-
prudence. You may always safely leave men to the

management of their own capital ; they want no code or
digest to guide or to govern them as to its investment ;
to subject them in such concerns to the operation of a
statute law, is to beget infinite injustice, and to throw the
interests of commerce into confusion.
We have heard it said by some, who ought to think with
more precision, that they perfectly agree with us in repro-
bating all undue restriction • but that they still think, con-
sidering the evil that may be produced by this mad spirit
of speculation, that l'arliament ought to introduce some re-
gulations on the subject, by which the evils arising out of
it may be remedied.—This sounds well. It is just that sort
of reasoning which deludes those who readily yield assent
to others, because they either cannot or will not think for
themselves. There is a fallacy in the word regulations, as
lime used. The great error all along has been in imposing
rettrirtions upon trade and commerce, under the imposing
Sum of regulations. Many years ago, for example, parti-
cular Statutes were enacted, imposing certain regulations,
ea they were called, on the silk trade. Fifty years' expe-
rience has proved their pernicious effect on the trade, and
to the individnals employed in it; and the more liberal and
enlightened views of our present Ministers have led to the
removing these ruinous regulations, and leaving the trade
free.
To restrain the free currency of capital is not merely in-
judicious--that is too mild a term : it is to encroach on
one of the most important of those rights which belong to
every individual, whether in trade or out of it,--that is--
the right to do as he pleases with his own property, pro-
sided he does not employ it to the injury of his neighbour,
or of the community to which lie belongs. '1 here is no
principle of reason, of justice, or of utility, that eau war-
rant the exercising any legislative control over this right..
The low rate of interest necessarily throws a vast mass of
redundant capital into the market of commercial specula-
tion. The Loan CHANCELLOR cannot possibly superin-
tend the investments and transfers of this fickle and fluc-
tuating market to advantage. He may do infinite mischief
with the best intentions, but as to any solid good to be
produced by the intervention of his proposed Ball, it is not
to be looked for. The most enlightened rot is here out
of his r lement. We trust, however, that the discussion
which skis proposed Bill will excite, and the strong share,
both of pule:ic and parliamentary attention, that will be
drawn to it, will end in keeping the money market free,
and in excluding the sovereignty of the Cu AINCEI Loa from
all dominion over Canals, Rail-roads, and Joint Stock
Corornies.

TILE GREEKS.

Estract of a letter from 4, Freud) officer returning Israt4
Greece, and- now perfortni4g quarantine at Toulon; Vi
friend at Marseilles, dated .An.
I left Greece 011 the 10th inst. Since my.arrival hero. L
been asked for infornsation.conVytiin the last '4"; enlVtileiriuns* and the recent diaseniiims which blare taken place among th e
And I embrace the opportunity of s friend's leaving here to. rine
these inquiries. I hive no dotibr yog will. thank DJ r for gtveng
news on which eau can depend: t• a /
" Hydra aneNat oli di Roffiania are encumbered with triatrueol.;,.
and horses. The disciplined troops of Mehemet Ali areempleyetC.
in cleaning the streets and. gutters. I had some to do the innsre,
difficult and -hard work about the artillery ; and, in scel7g thenks
draw the Greek cannons, I reOrcted on the change of tithes; whitvw.
my eanneneers exclaimed, with a look of pity, which was cerrainlg
unaffected, 'Poor fellow/ !•Mehtunet Ali must be devoid olhums.-
Mity to take on his conscience the fate of so many unfortgaste per-
sons,' for only a Turk could imagine that slaves coal 4 succeed: •
against freemen. ' • •
•"fhere is as much difference between.an Egyptian and a Greek
Palikar, as between a Neapolitan and one of the ancient guard or
France. At the time that the newspapers said so much about the
renowned expedition of the Viteroy of .Egypt, our men only spoke • •
about the Egyptian sabres and the Arab horses, which were on the •
point of falling into their hands.- Ibrahim Pacha hawing suffered:, ••••
immense losses, is now at Suds; he spoke of an attalt hn that;
Mona; I wish it may take pla:e, though I believe nothing of it;
he is, doubtless, waiting for the spring, if the Greeks do not is •
thy avian time drive him front there ; they were preparing for that. As
stroke, and did not doubt of success. , r
" As to the dissensions in Gteece, you must not be uneasy abouirer
them. It was a necessary evil. The tire was smothering under •t•
ashes, and burst out at a fortunate. moment. It eras even very fur.,. • -
tunate that the civil war assumed so decided an aspect, as to force. 1.
the Government, notwithstanding its Ciesienry, to pet down some,
turbulent I:hiet's. It is most true that Panos Colocotron! has been . •
killed. Theodore Negri; died of the typhus. I trope soon to etn-
brace you, and to tell you more. lie however assurmi, that in
rural the prospect of eflain is most favourable, ctbeigise I woad
not leave Greece."

THE Dear. or Tons 's Lavaa.—Yesterday afternoon,
at half-past tour o'clrek, the Duke of 1•ork arrived at hie •
Office in the Horse-Guards, and soon after proceeded to .
hold a Levee as-Commander-in-Chief, which occupied the
Royal Duke till six o'clock ; among those pfeient were •
Cotint Munster, the Hanoverian Minister ; Viscount,
Gott ; Generals Hart and Honourable Edward Phipps • •
Lieutenant Generals Sir Mlies Nightingall and Cameron,' •
Major General Mannets Kerr; and about thirty others' $
The Princ.-rs Sophia visited His Maj.sty yesterday: !•/,-/-
Mr. Secretary Peel is attended by Doctor 111'Gregor;
consequence of his severe cold.
The Money Markets were on the advance again yeafeek- • .
day. Consols for Money were at 9313, and at one tithe •..
the Account prim reached 94. They left off at 931 i for
the Account. The Foreign Market was eqoally light :„„
Austrian Bonds were at 973 ; Buenos Ayres 91f ; Comm..o
bian 6 per Cents. 924 ; Mexican 81; ; Saanish 221 i ; and
Greek Bonds were done as high as .59. Indeed no tins
weitna to have a serious doubt as to Vie 'ultimate success of.
the Greeks, and the new loan was in consequeneesub-
scribed for with avidity.
We understand that the New Mexican Loan. lelli'axotne •
out at 891. ' • -
New Garza Loari.-TMeiers. J. and Weide and
Co. have contracted hi a Greek Lvan, ;.to die amount of •
two millions, and are now ready so receive tenders front
such persons a: wish to become subscribers. The terms. •
are not yet known, but it is supposed that they *ill be ad.. • !
vantageous for the subscribers.
It is asserted in the diplomatic circles at Vienna, that .„,,,
the mission of Mr. Stratford Canning has not had the suc-
cess that was expected from it at London ; and that Prince .
Metternich pertinaciously adheres to his system, relative .
to the stab' quo in the affairs of Turkey, at least provi-
sionally, and till the Court of Russia shall have positively"...
explained itself on the proposals of England with respect: .
to the Greeks. • ,
According to the letters received at Glasgow by the IREEf :7
Jamaica Mail, we learn with regret that considerable alartn-- • •
prevailed in Jamaica, under the fear of another attempt at- • •
revolt by the slaves, last Christmas holidays. A principal
ringleader in the late revolt had been apprehended, and
given important information regarding the future views or
the discontented blacks, which were to effect another rising
at Christmas. The militia were called out and tranquillitr
lead been preserved, 'but much discontent continued in the
minds of tli2 more daring and turbulent slaves, and the
conviction in their mind was deeply rooted, that the Pro-
clamation issued by the King was a forgery. The signal
for hostilities was to be—setting fire to the trash-houses on
different estates. Much apprehension was entertained for
the future, particularly for the discussions expected to take
place in the British Parliament. The weather to wind--
ward continues exceedingly dry, estates burnt up, ant
croi a very short. Commercial effairs were rather dull.
Extract of a letter from Baize (Honduras), dated De.
amber 13 :—" An insurrection of the blacks
taken place at Truxillo, and all the respectable people that
could have escaped ; the principal merchant there, a thirty
years resident, was lucky enough to get away about fourteen
days ago, and two or three have come to-day, who got see
the coast without a change of clothes. A new Comman-
dant, from Guatimala for Trukillo, is at ()turn, for his
destination ; his presence, it is thought, will restore tran-
quillity."
Extract of a private letter, dated Lima, Sept. 18:—" On
the 12th (Sept.) the Spanish 61, the Asia, and the brig
Achilles, entered Callao Bay; and, although they were im-
mediately joined by three Spanish vessels of war, then in
the harbour, no attack was made on Admiral Guise, who
was then cruising in the bay. On the cont:ery, after firing
a gun and holstinr the Peruvian flag, he was allowed to
slip quietly out. Ile returns inside of San Lorenzo every
night, and seems to bid them defiance. Great importance
can hardly be given to the addition of these vessels to the'
Spanish inaritie force, as Guise will shortly.be joined by,
the Colombian, and, we hope, by a part of the Chant
squadron, and he again able to blockade Callao. We learn
that the Asia brought a few arms, but no troops, front
Chilee, where she has 1-e:n for the last four months. A
British man of war mils in three or four days front Quika,
and takes a British Vice-Consul, who will remain there.'
The Gazette Pienzont(se of January 25th contains ae
great length the official documents relative to the treaty
concluded by the King of Sardinia with the Sublime Porte,
which was negocilted by Lord Strangford. The treaty is
in fifteen articles. The preamble states that his Majesty
Chirles Felix, King of Sardinia, &c. &c. and his Imperial
Majesty Sultan Mahomeci Han 11. the greatest of Sultans.
most illustrious of the Ottomans, &c. &c., equally desirous
of establishing durable friendship and peace between their
respective States, have resolved to conclude a commercial
treaty on Me model of those already existing with other
powers, have appointed—the King of Sardinia Lord Strang-
ford, and the Sultan three Plenipotentiaries, to notociate
the same. By this treaty, ships bearing theSardinian flag
were admitted to the navigation el the Black S.2a. s The
Sanlinian Consuls are to enjoy the same privileges ands:,
' emptions from various duties as the Consuls of other Bu-
ropean Powers ; and the most perfect security is promised
to the merchants and the subjects of the two Powers rein-
.
precally in each other's dominions.
Mr. Vaughan, the British Minister to the Swim Capita
deration, arrived at Paris on Friday last.
Sir William Curtis has been confined to his bed for se-
veral days past, with a severe tit of the gout ; but we 'are
happy to hear that the excellent Baronet is fast recovering.
Mathews will commence a new entertainment at the
English Opera the latter end of this month or the be-
ginning of. March. Mr. Mathews is now studying the
entertainment.
Mr. Bartley will resume his Lectures on Astronomy at
the English Opera during the ensuing Lent.
Mr. Walker has comnieneed his usual Astrororoical `es-
turn at the Paul's Head Assembly Rooms, Ca ea•on-street.
DREADFUL CI ECU MST A Scr.--Yestcrilay me-ming, at Mk
early hour, the attention of the passengers in Duke-street,
Bloomsbury, was attracted by a mall in his shirt traver.ine-
the parapet of No. 22, in that street. They instantly, in p
state of great alarm, called out and kin-eked at the door,
. • ~ _ • • -
and this had r' _
tunate nl2-
the persons
from a winds
stop him,
tumbled
to pieces.
to the Mi
certained
in his sleep,
ball bout

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chief and this lid the effict, it seemed, of quickening the unfor-
-0 be innate nian's pace, but he did not appear to regard any df
s not the persons in the street ; at length some person havht,
c out from a window, touched him with a brootu, ii) mier.'.4)
ssion stop him, as is supposed, he started, and uttering a Orrick
hare, tumbled headlong into the street, and was literally
ll be to pieces. His body was tskeo up,, and he was cou
free, to the Middlesex Hospital. His name, on inittiry. i
from certained to be Rhodes. He had been itubj kW
Stock in his sleep, and hi vac lad early lets,hija t
p half an butte baits Ihisabill!ssirmos -II ~w t-•,‘ 41 bn:m4
..
o . ' JlWJetz ant% .J..Unr
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