The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1821-01-12 00:00:00

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FOREIGN INTELLIGEN S.
PARIS PAPER!. -111
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'met saw
The Dolor
"festriate Observer of the 151 a 1

N.,...••••••na vvoc ary • a.,V _ 77
" The three Allied Sovereigns have opened the
conferences of Troppau with mutual explanations
on the point of view in which they regard the revo-
lution of Molars. From thence results the unani-
mous conviction that this revelation. framed by fa.
statical sects, and c•rtird into effect by soldiers
forgetting their duly. that the violent destruction
of all the legitimate relations which was the conse-
quence of this revolntiou, sod the arbitrary sad
miarchical system substituted in their place, were
not °illy in direct opposition to the principles of
justice. morality, and the real happiness of the
people, principles which the Monarchs have so
often and so loudly procleitned; but further, from
their inevitable results, incompatible with the re-
pose and tranquillity, mid coesequently with the
preservation of the 'truce of Europe.
" Penettated with these truths, the Sovereigns
have taken, with common consent,',the firm resolu-
tion to direct their united strength to overthrow
the ',resent state of things in the kingdom of
Naples, destitute of every legitimate basis, brought
about only by rebellion and violence, and to
make his Majesty also determine the future
etuistitut.on of his States, so as to place it in
liernmity with the real fled true interest of his
people, as well as with the tranquillity of neigh-
Imitritig countries. At the same time the High
Airworthy, tantioated with the liveliest desire not
to come to extreme ttieasnres unless they should
be itteltaitelssubJe, have nut wished to neglect soy
thing that could answer their pacific and concilia-
tory purpose, slid have weighed with the greatest
care all the means which have presented themselves.
After nriture deliberation they hove resolved to
'take for Naples and for the King himself • step
which appeared eminently calculated to remove
front the one side all doubt of the real senti-
ments and views of the Allied Powers, if any
-could still exist in the minds of just men ;
unit, on the other, to save, slider the media-
tion of their beneficent King, the great majority
of the Neapolitan nation, which only looks to trim-
qiiillity and order, front the oppression which
weighs upon it, and host, all the evils with which
it is still menaced, and to secure also the-repose of
the rest of Italy.
" With this intent, their Majesties the Emperor of
Austria, the Emperor of Russia. and the King of
Prussia, have written the following letter, conceived
by each of them in the same terms.—[We have
already published this letter.]
" A little before the arrival of these letters at Ns.
pies, the King received a letter on the part of the
King of France. iequesting him to accept the in-
vitation (If the Allied Sovereigns. The Pope also
titbit: sited to him u letter to the same etlirct.
" lit a new days after, the King of Naples wrote a
letter in these terms to the three Allied .Monarchs:
" Sir, my Brother—lf in the present circumstances my
heart could open melt to a sentiment of joy, it would as-
suredly user been at the moment when l received the leiter
addressed to nor by your Majesty from Truppau. 1 ant •ffeet-
ed beyoud the power of expression with the magnanimity
which directs all your mew fur the good of the nations of
Europe, sad in patient's- fur the interest several times
already experienced ninth you lake in my person, and in
the people confided by Providence to my care, whose repose
and prosperity air the constant object of all my efforts. •
" After this ti exposition of my sentiments, your
Majesty will rw•ily cone. it e the gratitude with which 1
accept the itivitatiou given to the to repair to Laybsch, to
take part in the th liberations which have only for their
object to consolidate the basis of the moat Doty Alliance.
1 see in this itivitatiust a new bles,istg of Providence,
which opt us to me • way of effectiwg with my au.
goat Allies n west• whirls will render their names dear
and sacred to the latest posterity; and to ►hare also souse
part of the glory that awaits them. Your Majesty must not.
therefore, doubt my readiness to accept your invitation.
My departoge shalt be as speedy as circumstances will per-
mit. It will be extremely agreeable to me to see soils
the Emperor of Austria, and to make a personal aciptaintance
with the Emperor of Russia and King of Prussia. It is lit
your wisdom and goodness that I owe the peace of my
Mate., and my sweetest cares shall be to inspiie all the
members of soy Fsmily with the sentiments of gratitude
with "'bleb my heart is penetrated.
(Signed) " FERDINAND.
" Naples, December 11, 1810."
" I it these circumstances the conferences at Trop-
. pau are going to be opened at Laybach."

SPANISH PAPERS AND DUTCH MAIL.

MADRID. DECEMBER .27.
This night many of the inhabitants ur Ir.is city
were assembled in the Fund* de la Cruz de
Ita, where a patriotic club doily meets, and
great discontent was observed to consequence of
their being desired In quit the galleries by order of
the 11agistrates. The fermentation continued to
increase, when, at six.o'clock, sortie notices of the
following tenor were fixed up to the pillars of the
Ball :

a The Marquis of Cerrabo and Almaria, Superior
Political Chief of the Province of :
" I do hereby give orifice, that by Article 11. of the law
of Sth November last, respecting Patriotic Societies, it is
enacted, i That those individuals who desire to hold perio-
dical meetings in any public place, to discuss political sub-
jects, and fur the purpose of mutual inform/man, may do
so, with the previous knowledge of the Superior La-
gal Authority, which is responsible fur all uhuses, taking
for the purpose the measure* attach it way deem proper, out
excepting the suppression of the nieettug.'—Those of this
kind which have subsisted in this capital have not confined
themselves to a strict observance of the law, nor have they
taken care to avoid the disorders which base taLea place is
theta. I ilwrefore order, that after ibis date, Ow put):ic meet-
ings whirls exist without my knowledge, shalt cease: which
is hereby announced to the public or its information, and
that no one may plead ignorance.
(Signed)
" The Political Chief of the Province of Madrid,
The Mairris de CEIIKABO.
By his Excellency's Order,
" The Secretary of the Political Government,
MARIANE VALERO Y AKTETA.
" Madrid, December 27, 1820."

'fhe reading of this raised the irritation of she
persons prtsriit to its height, an, in consequettre it
was resolved to repair to the Political Chief cud re-
quest his permissson to assemble. While malty
citizens were gone for this purpose, others got ittion
the table and endeavoured to gestrani the pub-
lic effervescence. Alter sonic time had elapsed.
those who had beau to wait on the Political
Chief returned. and stated, that the order was
founded on their hiving neglected the forma-

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lily of asking" his consent. Ta conselluence the
fir Tribune , ordered to beplairttd, which we
done in t tioance of the (Institutional Alcade,
who had ar ed int heintereal. One of the orators had
before readen. Address made by the Common Coun-
cil of London to his Britannic Majesty, soliciting the
removal of the Ministers, and which he compared to
another-whiChliiii been read on iiTsreeiiiiing night
in the snine, 4111. b, solieiting the retisoial
,of our
Ministers. Many of the persons present desired to
add their sign/tared' to the great number already
annexed 'to this address, a desire whit!' all repotted
with an enthusiasm dilkelt to he described, urging
the orator to prtcsett, it. At eight o'clock the
meeting still
.continued, the final result of which
we shall give to-morrow.—(Miscellanea, Decem-
ber Si B, being the latest date received.)
It appears that General Alava is hindered by his
infirm state of health from accepting the oil ce of
Spanish Minister Plenipotentiary to the French
Court. It is said that the General is disposed to
go to Malaga, the mild air of which will be more
favourable to him titan the severe climate of
Vittoria.
VALLADOLID, DECEMBER 24
The late unpleasant emus at Zunora, have had
no further consequence, bi the vit4ilinice of the
Political Chief, who,e admirable dispositions sit Ifices
to disconcert all criminal moment/rev,
. ORENSE, DECEMBER 21.
A few days since the subaltern Political Chief
was informed pf suaalarm towards the frontiers of
Portugal, 1-49 r whirls reason troops went from this
place to reconnoitre the whole neighbourhood ; they
returned yesterday with fourteen prisoners, among
whom are one or two ecclrsiaitica, whose declara-
tions do not throw any light ou the affair. To-
night it is affirmed that advice has been receives' of
the arrest of the chief leader of the commotion,
which it is hoped will be of little importance.
This leader, it teems, calls himself Baron de S in-
tiyonme, who, it is said, imad formed the project
of snaking Itiinself master of this city with some peo-
ple whom he hal is his pay, and to fall upon all
the respectable people. The arrest of this robber,
who figured likewise in the affairs at Tuy, has tran-
quillized the inhabitants, the best-informed among
whom appear to attach some importance to these
events.
CADIZ, DECEMBER 18.
We learn by letters from Mogadore that the
Emperor has permitted the exportation of wool and
oil, and much diminished the expOrt ditties on other
articles.—( Miscellanea, 261/, to 2811 i December)
AMSTERDAM, JANUARY 6.
By accounts front Arithetin, of the 4th, we find
that the rivers in all that province are hard frozen,
so that the !thine is passable in some places by
heavily loaded waggons. The accounts from other
places state either that the rivers are hard frozen,
as as to be passed in safety, or full of fluatiug ice.—
(Amsterdam Courout,Jassayry 6.)

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wholly destroyed by the unlimited liberty give to
foreign vessels in the posts of Brasil ; by the diss
serous Treaty of 18101 by the consequent decline
of the national manufactures; by the almost total
destruction of the mercantile marine and naval
force ; by the absolute want of all care to protect
and encourage these two most important branches
aTtioblic preolterit;::: _
• Agiiculture, the basis of the rides and strength
of nations, deprived of the arms which the army or
death took from it ; destitute of the capitals which
supported it, and which had been sonittiincs em-
ployed on objects of the more urgent necessity ;
deprived of the vital strength which it used in
receive from the national industryoull fram the ac-
tive circulation of commerce, bath domestic and
foreign, lay in a fatal lethargy, and presented-to the
astonished spectator only the melancholy picture of
famine and misery.
The sensible dirniuution of the public reveum.,
caused by the ruin of the popil'ation, of commerce,
and of industry ; by the irrevocable loss of the great
sums which the enemy violently extorted from the
bands of the Portuguese; and by the excts,ive ex-
pe,tives of the war, obliging the nation to contract
new and cumulous debts. for the payment of which
its resources were engaged, gave the final blow to
public credit, which wars already shaken by tLc
scandalous Linalversations of the fiscal. agents, as
well as by the most erromous system of admit&
stratiott.
If the Portuguese did not love and respect their
Prince and his august dynasty with it knid of lore
and 'duration almost religious, if they did not wish
to receive from his justice HMI kindness alone the
reltitlDS and puldle which such a
at ate thingt imperiously dein:tools, it %ould
be very easy tat that Mae to fiN. h1:11111 to power,
or dictate conditions suitable to aucli urgent
circumstances. They were not ignorant of their
rights : the general tendency of opiciun, guided
by the light of the age, and openT installs eil
among the must civil:zed nations cf
invited them In such use of three tights which their
ancestors lied rtrognazed and exercised 04 if Ti
pressing occasimis, the victorious and tiitimpliatit
army would hare supported such just
and the nation would he now free ur ccrtaiuly less
troforttniair.

But the character of the Portuguese could not
bely itself. They chose rather to Snipe every thing
Isom their Prince than to give to Europe, silierify
filic:ed by the late misfortune', the sight of a tur-
buletat and impatient yahoo, or to appear to abuse
the facility afforded by circumstances to !dim a sprit
of revolt and want of 'submission. The silent and
peaceful elitism:llnm of their evils was the bisis of
their proceettitigs—conlideece in the acknowledged
virtues of the niece, the foundation of itself
hopes.
Bust (it is hard to sly it !) these hopes were wholly
deceived, and .this •utfermig was carried to the
utmost extent to which it seems possible for the
patience of a high-spislluil sadism, full of the feel-
ing of i:s misfortunes, ■nd not ignorant of the
means of vemetliog them."
After this introduction, the Manifesto proceeds
to observe, that it is unnecessary to paint in detail
the metrocholy picture of the progress:ye drchise of
Portugal in the last six year', as be.ng notoi Sous to
all Europe. Referring to the proceeding, it states,
as additional muses of min, the rending so minx
thous:tad troops to Brazil to carry on a war of
which Portugal bore the buiden, aiul which ex-
posed it to the attacks of a powerful sseighhour,
always its rival, and new offended mod provoked.
Commerce was wittiout encouragement, sod every
regulation tended only to the advantage of fn.
tripe's. Malturgettlrer4 were equally discouraged,
snit while Voir tie's messufactuies were going to
decay, and innumerable workmen reduced to idle-
nese stud waist, the moat ►iirigguihrtut articles of
filename or niers wart: imported frotu other coats-
! tries. Portuguese vessels were taken by friends
wad essesniee, tusulte•d and captured by pirates, in
sight of our own fortresses. The Portuguese saw
and suffered. But why renew these prohnind sor-
rows? Eves' plungers, who profited by the dread-
rut indifreienee or coldness of the Portuguese Go-
velment, often said. with Isnionutalf!e frankness—
" Thin fine reunify was worthy of a better fate."
Blessed as rostogol is wish a must fruitful sod,
overflowing with agricultural richer, eugme•atert in
quantity by the improvident permission of excessive
'importation, yet the general distress was so extreme
that the poor wee perishing with famine its the
midst of ',kitty, and the bounty of [leaven was
blasted by.else lolly of moo.
The Nlassilesto thin 'thews how this iliitress w►ss
still further aggravated by COll,llll/111e 5111 immetme
expenditure, as if the Court were still sit Listens,
while the revenue was sensibly diminishing by the
shove causes, ••rig well as by the negligence and pe-
culation of the officers. The sums sent to Bs tail for
the war In America, &r. lucre-ailed the distress, and
caused the salaries of the pa hhe tits iu every
tirpati.nrilt, as well as the interest of the public
debt, to be dreadfully in arrear ; and finally (with
shame he it spoken !), it was nut pneoble to com-
plete a Ivan of only four indlions of t rusattoce.

The Portuguese knowing die heart of their So-
vereign, hoped he would prepare the necessary re-
forms, a hope winch his Majesty sometimes rucuu•
raged ; but the hope vanished, and the Ministers at
Rio Jasiciro tinned aside the King's mind front i.,
and were displeased obeli tiny pati tot aired to pub-
lish his GI/1111011S 01l this important subject, nod
sliewtd the necessity of restoring the seat of Go-
vernment to Portugal.
flence ►he Portuguese began to lose their confi-
dence in the sole remedy which remained ; the idea
of tieing 'educed to a colony affected them; and all
saw it was impns•ible fur the affairs of n monarchy
lii go on regularly at such a distance from the
crate of its action, frequently impeded by the ma-
lignity of well, the vioiern:e of passim% and even
the (fleets of the elements.

Winn could the Portuguese tuition do in such a
situation ? Suffer slid hope. It did stiffer and hope
in vain fur many y Carr. Sigh, remonstrate, tutu-
plain ? It did sigh, hut its sighs wire not listened
to. Not listened to ? • They were repressed,
cruelly stifled. It remonstrated and complaia-
, cd. but its remonstrances and complaints never
reached the Throne. The King Wes tuld that
his people were contented and faithful, and the
Manifesto protests, in the face of Europe, the un-
alterable horsily of the nation, but observes that
content is incompatible with a situation like theirs