The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1819-06-15 00:00:00

douse to be appri.ed, that cotton was spun from •
one to 300,50 that when speaking of persons spinning
any number, for instance 20. it was meant that a
'pound of cotton was spun into 20 hanks, of 840 yarils
each. The floe +spooning bore to the coarse sin-rimer-
lion of about 6 to 100. slid so at was in she very line
spinning only that it was necessary to maintain a
high temperature in the factories, it was esideidly
the master's interest not to waste los Intl in titaiik
tinting
_an unusual degree of warmth an those
places. '.'dyed, by the evidence, it appeared,
that • beat beyond 76 degrees. 'was 'tousle
dered injurious to the manufacture, so that •if
any beat were created beyond that degree; it
must he doee at the desire of the work-people
themselves. But in what respect could the pre.
sent Bill correct this evil ? Was it propused to
establish a graduated scale of heat, and to say to the
maritificturrrs, a %Vino you spin such a number
your thermometer shall stand at such a height, end
when you Minn another number, a different degree
~f heat must be produced." The House ought
to he cautious how it interfered with the ni.inufac-
titres of the country. Would they restore to India
its exclusive muslin munufecture ; snit inzeirtipt
the trade of the British nianufactiirero' who exported
bile muslin from this country. intil actually tinder.
'old the Nihau in has own market ? With respect,
tewsever, to the reputed heat of those.facterier. it
should be remembered that the degrees of heat were
uriceitairied to summer. when no artificial heat was
required to raise the temperature of any place to
a erinaiderable height. If it was intended by any
legislative provision to correct the heat of a ciow.l.
ed ltsembly, in such eircuinshinces, he trusted,
that a clause welsh, be inserted to extend the effects
of so gratifying a measore to their Lordships'
House, and to correct the divires.ang heat they
weir reduces' rams times to exeerietice. It was,
however, stated to evidence by medical
gentlemen. that heat alone was lint irjurious to
thra human frame. It was not Mitred as-erted shut
tie head of these places had produced Mites., but
that the sudden change from great heat to cold was
likely to bring on keen., egues, catarrh.; but this
liability to these diseases was nut to any degree tn.;
tnioishrrl by reducteg, by nee hour, the length of
work. The surlily.' change of temperature must be
as severe after elesen hones work ea after thirteen.
Some complaint, it appeared. hail Levu made at the
freritieney with wleeli children had heel) ...impelled
to latish themselves; but this cetteinly Amsted no
proef that little attention had been paid to thew.
Yet it was principally urged by the sup-
porter% of this Bill, that empl(t)intlit in three cot.
too mills was it jterions to the lwaitts of the work-
people. Evidence was brought forward to alma,
that there were no persons in these mills who had
ettaitied the age of forty yea's, end that tittre was
UO mie new engaged in them ono had been t
plojerl thirty years ago. But it must hare been
well known to those witnesses, that these mills were
not iii exi•tence 30 years ego.—(llenr,
It was will known that it wets in 1736 Sir Richard
Ai kvoight invented tile tittle, the name given to a
machine for spinning flue cotton. At tint time
tee invention made so great a sensation as to musics
his Majesty's Minis:ere to eider into an inquiry re-
specting it, mid it was only in 181:2 I hat Nrliainent
granted 5,0001. in conipeirsaticir io the inventor of
the machine, he having forgotten to take out a
potent ; constquently these mills, so destructive to
lily and health, were not in existruce 30 years ago.
fie then entered into a review of evidence taken
before the Committee, to sinew that the proportion
of ilea' h. in the cotton factories was not more than
1 to ir,o, or I to 160 in a year, and by a variety of
val. Wei ions to prove that work in the factories was
as healthy as any other species of employment.
lie didt.not menu to insinuate that constant em-
ployment in a cotton mill was conducive to the
health of addict), or tha it was such an occupies
flout as lie could wish to see his own eliiidreti en-
'g.igerl an ; taut wits it nut better for those children
lain were engaged in it to suffer the evil., such
us they were, which were attendant on such em-
ployment, thaii be deprived of font end c halting ?
It find been asserted, that cobtinentent in facto-
ties stunted the growth of the work-people, but
ageinst this assertion strong presumptive evidence
was afforded, by comparieg the militia regiments
oil the manufacturiog Catinneg buts those of the
agricultural counties, and it would be found un
an average that the militias of Lancashire, of the
Weet Riding of Yorkshire, of Lanarkshire, and
cohere, which it was unnecessary to name, mea-
sured two inchex higher than the regiments of Dor.
setshire, Norfolksture, and others, where agricul-
ture is more particularly the employment of the
ireople. He trusted the House would nut he led
sissy hy false fe.oings •of humanity to °veils-ion the
mail important political considerations which were
instil...Al in this question. The measure, he feared,
originated is enthusiastic feelings. which, however
estimable they might he in the abetract, were but ill
calculated to form correct notions of practical mea-
sures. Such feeliogs were, no doubt, calculated to
heighten the charms of social life, but if freed front
she restraiitt of a tumid discretion, they became dia.
treesilig to the possessor and itsjurious mike public.
Wheat was considered that by rejecting Oats Bill,
the I loom would secure to many thousands of chit-
dean the teems of comfortable support, who hy the
adoption of such a measure would must proba-
bly he deprived of employment, he had no doubt
that he, end those who thought with him, would be
considered the real advocates of humanity. The
Noble Earl concluded• by movittg that the Bill be
read a send time this day three mouths. The
question being put, strangers were ordered to with.
draw, anti the House divided.. •
F.,r the Second Nadia'
Agaiass it
Majority 2l
On our ressilm• isnot) below the bar, we found
the House in Committee on the Bill. Some 'mead..
mints were made, and the Report was ordered to
be brought op on Wednesday next.
The House then adjourned.