The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-09-15 00:00:00

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question ; tuft:, as for theiefresoufeea, the epitit of freetloni,
when once thoroughly ioiietionflvill always find 4esotifceg
or make them. Their 'naval superiority is a tower of
strength ; their mountainous strong holds are so many
rocks of defence. Combined with all the enthusiasm of
their national character, these ere advantages incalculable;
but, incalculable as they are, a spirit of dissension among
their leaders may turn theni sU to nought. They May
display, as they have done, an intrepid patriotiernlhey
'may revive their ancient glory by their brilliant achieve-
ments in the field ; but so long as they are disunited, their
revolution canibring them no repose. Unanimity is every-
thing to the final triumph of their Cause: compared with
this, everything else is of minor consideration. The chiefs
must bring their collective energies to bear upon that one
point—whatever it be—which it may be essential to carry.
They must do this, not in one instance only, or on one
occasion, but in every instance, and on all occasions.
They must act upon it as upon a system, to which they
must count everything rte subordinate. Conflicting plans,
divided councils, the contentions of selfishness, the intrigues
of ambition—what can these bring in their train but disas-
ter and ruin? Thus acting, the 'Greeks may indeed suc-
ceed in throwing o'f the Ottoman yoke, but they will have
other masters and will wear other chains. But let them
only at UNITED, and they have resources within them-
selves fully adequate to their own rescue, and to their own
protection.

We lay before out readers this morning eforne further intel-
ligence trom India, not less important than that which we
published yesterday. Ily the arrival of the Albion we have
Calcutta papers to the 12th of April. The report which we
stated Testerday Is confirmed. On the day when the Albion
sailed, a despatch was received by Mr. ADAM, the late

Governor-General, from the Secretary to the Government,
informing him that despatches baa just arrived from the
Burmese territory, announcing the capture of Arracan,
(the chief town of the province of Arracan, in the Bur-
mese Empire,) on the 31st of March, by the division un-
der the command of General MORRISON. The details of
this success were not stated in the despatch.
All the accounts agree in representing that the war was
raging with greater violence than ever, but the skill and
intrepidity of the British forces justify the expectation
that the enemy will be compelled to sue for peace on such
terms as the conquerors may choose to dictate. It is clear
that no effectual resistance can be offered to the advance of
our troops. We do not underrate the valour or resources
of the Burmese, which it must be admitted are such as are
likely to protract the war much beyond the period origi-
nally anticipated by some; but there can be no doubt as
to the final result of the contest.
General CovroN had sustained a reverse in an attack on
some stockades at Donobew, but it appears that Sir ARCHI-
BALD Carers st.t. had subsequently inflicted a severe chas-
tisement upon the enemy in that quarter. The whole as-
pect of our military affairs in India is as favouralfie as we
could reasonably expect.

We call the attention of our readers, with great satisfac-
tion, to the proceedings of a meeting yesterday, for the
improvement of the area and avenues of St. Paul's Cathe-
dral. The object of this association is one which every
well-wisher to the architectural eminence of his country
must be desirous to promote. it has long been a subject
of regret that this splendid ediflx—which, if second to any
in the world, is certainly second to only one—should be so
completely and disgracefully buried in the midst of a mass
of surrounding buildings. We trust that, by the successful
exertions of the association in question, this reproach upon
the national taste will be soon and for ever removed.

CITY, WenwEsnAT EVENING.
Console tLis morning opened at Siq 1, but they did not
long remain at this quotation, for before twelve o'clock
they had reached f, and subsequently there were
buyers at f. The market was considered as a very un-
certain one, which caused jobbers to be careful in doing
business, which necessarily narrowed it during the morn-
ing ; but, however, the market closed to all appearance
in a very sound.itate, at I
The speculators in the Foreign Market were almost ex-
elusively engaged in the arrangement of their balances, and
yesterday's gloom, with yesterday's quotations, may be
principally noted, with the exception of Greek Scrip, that
declined to 172 I discount; and the Old Spanish Bands,
'that also declined to 211. After to-morrow's settlement
business will probably be more extensive in this market.
The Share Market was also in a very languid state, and
the principal alteration in it was in the Potosi Shares,
which again retrograded to 12 2. British Iron conti-
nued at the last price of yesterday, 2 11.
Although Exchequer Bills are gone to a discount, money
may be readily borrowed in the Stock Exchange at 3 per
cent.

In the Colonial Market Coffee rather improved in price
end Sugar was steady.
Ship-letters are arrived from Pernambuco to the 27th
July, but they contain no public news.
It appears by the recent letters from India, that the
Company's agents are still taking up transports, but at a
reduced price--16 rupees per ton a month. The Exchange
with India has fallen. The Company closed their remit-
tance at It. ltd. ; it afterwards fell to Is. 101 d., and
finally to is. bud. There were no bargain done in India
'Stock.

3 ars or Sratw.—The following extract of a letter
from Madrid, dated September 1, displays, if it were want-
ing, a further proof of the - extreme imbecility of the
Spanish Government :—The disarming of the Royalist
volunteers, which was intended before the movement of
the 16th June, was considered b r the roller part of the na-1
tion as indiipensabTe ah order and tranquillity
in the Peninsula. The Ministry itself seemed to be con-
vinced of this truth, and had taken measures to re-organise
the volunteers. The movement of Bessieres occurred in
the mean time, and greatly added to the moral force of
the Government; and it wag, after that event, thought that
the Ministry certainly would profit by so favourable an op-
portunity. f o the great astonishment °revery man of sense,
the intrigues of the apostolical party have defeated this in ten-
lion ; and we have just heard that the Minister of War
has submitted a report to the King, in which his Excel-
lency gives it as his opinion, that the disarming of the
volunteers at present would be an impolitic measure; and
although he regarded the opportunity as favourable for
disarming those of Madrid, who were the most moderate,
lie does not think so with respect to the provinces, because
the tragical end of Bessieres was not yet sufficiently known,
nor the irritability of men's minds sufficiently calmed.
We havereceived the Allgetneine Zeitung to the nth inst.
It contains accounts from Trieste to the intle ult., which
give the details of the assault on Missolonghi on the lit of
August. They are merely a repetition of the news ziven in
this paper in letters from Corfu. The affidr, as our readers
know, ended its the signal defeat of the Turks. The
Turkish army appears, Indeed, to have sustained im-
mense loss. The Greeks have also gained some naval
triumphs. Altogether, these accounts furnish a strong con-
trast to the narratives lately received from other quarters,
and would lead to the expectation, that the conclusion of
the campaign will be very different from that which, a few
weekssince, was pretty generally anticipated.
On the 2d of this month the Court of Assizes at Ghent
condemned two individuals to capital punishment; the one
was convicted of having drowned his infant daughter, in
order to inherit a sum of 1,060 florins that had been be-
queathed. to her, and the other was condemned as an acces-
sary !n the cansumtnatica of the crime.—Jean:aide Nord.

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THE BUIW ESE EMIT"IIE.
—rr
k
[From the Calcutta Gotitenrtrut 'Cattle' of .►r.petl
.1.4 is painful (says one ofthe lettbrs) to'obServe this rich
and highly favoured country, one of nature's Wrist gifts
to man, lying a barren waste, and producing only noxious
luxuriant weeds, where the golden harvest ought to glad-
den the heart and reward the toil of the industrious hus-
bandman, and shower down plenty and prosperity on a
happy race. The Causes of this sad truth are numerous,
and "May be traced in the turbulent and warlike spirit of I
'the nation, and an extremely scanty population, 'probably
',resulting from it ; in the want of just and fixed laws, and
consequent uncertainty of troperty ; in the indolent and
abject condition of the poor, and in the avarice arictCrUEl
tyranny of the Government.
The cultivation of the soil appears to have been ever an
ortte:t of minor importance in the eye of the Burmese Go-
vernMent, and In this Egypt, or granary of the empire,'
left, almost exclusively, in the hands of the Carian tribes,[
who are exempt ftom military service, ptg enormous taxes,
and, untaught, untutored, as these poor people are, the
land amply enables them not only to keep up the consump-
tion of their own respective districts, but ;9 Contribute
largely, some years wholly, to the supply of the upper
and less fertile provinces. Nothing can present a pieture
of greater misery than the appearance of a Carian village :
their houses are scarcely so good as dove-rots, perched
upon bamboos, many feet from the earth, with a notched
I stick raised almost perpendicularly from the earth, as the
sole means of egress and ingress to their dwellings, which,
generally speaking, are a mere shed, and the picturesque
I group within exposed to the gaze of the passer-by. The
Cariaus are a stout and hardy race ; dressed in a long che-
mise, close up to the neck in front, and open halfway
down the back, with a broad worked border at the bottom ;
cut this off, and you have the regular smock-frock worn in
Kent. In all the women I observed the traces of prema-
ture old age, brought on, no doubt, by the hard labour'
they daily undergo.
The province of Sarrawaddy, as well as many other parts
of Ava, abounds in perhaps the finest and most valuable
timber in the world ; mines of various metals, exclusively
the property of the Crown, are also found in various parts
of the empire; and to these prolific sources of wealth the
Court of Ava has long devoted its attention, to the utter
neglect-of the more certain produce of the soil, and as, in
the end, has generally been found, the most certain source
of national prosperity. Our line of march has merely
skirted Sarrawaddv, but it has exposed to us an inexhaust-
ible mine of wealth in the noble and magnificent forests
through which we have passed. Here are trees of no
stunted growth, but each of its class towering up to the
full bulk and stature assigned it by the laws of nature.
We know of other countries perhaps rivalling Pegu in her
forests, but I know of none where similar advantages are
enjoyed with equal facility of transporting their produce to
any quarter of the globe. Here there is scarcely a square
mile that does not possess its nullah or channel for carrying
down whaCtood may have been prepared in the dry season
to the different sea-ports ; from this rafts might be sent
down to Rangoon and Bassein, almost With equal case.
At Bassein a feet of three-deckers could lie in safety; and
vessels of any burden might proceed to that port to receive
a cargo. The arrival of the Tallian Chiefs at Rangoon,
and their pointed avowal of their sentiments, -and the as-
sumption of a legal claim to the Crow of Pegu on the
part of one of the deputies, naturally *II for every infor-
mation connected with the fiches and resources of Pegu,
and the advantages which the GoverMnent of India, as
allies or protectors, might derive.

ARHACAN.—Tbis city, the capture of which is an-
nounced in another part of our Paper, is the chief town of
Arracan, a province of the Burmese empire. It is situated
in lat. 20. 40. N. and long. 93. 5. E. " This town and
fort," says Symes, " were taken by the Burmans in 1783,
after a feeble resistance. They found a considerable booty,
hut on nothing was a higher value placed than an image of
Gaudma (the Gautama of the Hindoos, a name of
Buddha), made of brass, and highly burnished. The
figure is about ten feet high, and in the customary sitting
posture, with the legs crowd and lfriterted, the left hand
resting on the lap, the right pendent. This image is be-
lieved to be the original resemblance of the Iteeshe (saint)
taken Tlom life, and it is so highly venerated, that pilgrims
have for centuries been accustomed to come from the re-
motest countries, where the supremacy of Gaudma is ac-
knowledged, to pay their devotions at the feet of his brazen
representative. There were also five images of Raeshyas,
the demons of the Hindoos, of the same metal, and of
gigantic stature, the guardians of the sanctuary. A sin-
gular piece of ordnance, of most +enormous dimensions,
was also found, composed of huge bars of iron, beaten
into form. This ponderous cannon measured thirty feet in
length, two and a half in diameter at the mouth, and ten
inches in the calibre. It was transported by the Burmalts
to Umtnerapoora by water, as a military trophy, and
Gaudma, with his infernal guards, were, in like manner,
Ilconveyed to the capital, with touch pomp and superstitious
parade."

The Proclamation of Sir Archibahl Campbell, addressed
to the inhabitants of the Burman Empire, which appeared
in a Morning Paper of yesterday, w•as published on the
I lth of last Month in the British Press, from which it was
copied into the evening papers of that day.
A letter, dated Bauleah, March 26, has been received
by Mr. G. Gouger, of Stamford, Lincolnshire, anuotincing
the safety of that gentleman's son, Mr. Gouger, jun
having been carried off a prisoner by the Burmese, after
the capture of Rangoon. It was feared that he had fallen a
sacrifice to the barbarous and vindictive feeling of that fe-
rocious people. It appears, however, that he was at Urn-
merapoora, and his numerous friends in this country will
learn with satisfaction, that no doubt is entertained of his
ultimate release. The following is an extract from the
letter:—

' " I hasten to communicate the glad tidings of the confirmation
of the hopes held out in my letter of the 4th of September. Let-
ters received by the Eliza state that your son, Mr. Gouger, who
was the only remaining prisoner in the power of the Burmese at
the time of the capture of Rangoon, is still in existence. The pro
demotion of the Burmese Government prohibiting violence or ill.
usage to any European that may fall into their hands. is a suffi-
cient assurance of his safety and ultimate release, of which no doubt
is now entertained."

It is believed that Mr. Gouger, jun. is the only European
at Ummerapoora, with the exception of Mr. Rogers, who
has been attached to the Burmese Court, and resident
there nearly 29 years. The residence of Mr. Rogers at
the Burmese capital is a most fortunate circumstance for
Mr. Gouger, who happened to be not only personally
known to Mr. Rogers, but on terms of intimacy with that
gentleman.

Mr. Adam, who was coming passenger in the Albion,
from India, we regret to stale, died on board that vessel two
months after she left Calcutta. He had resided in India,'
we believe, more than thirty years, having filled the im-
portant office of Governor-General from the period of
the Marquis of Hastings's depaiture to the arrival of Lord
Amherst.

The following is a list of the passengers by the Albion,
Captain Swainson, from Calcutta, arrived at Liverpool :
Hon. John Adam, late Governor General of India (died
4th June); Rev. T. IV. Nortlunore, Mr. Northmore. Mr.
T. W. Northmore, Mr. Loch and family, Captain W. D.
Dalsell, 16th Madras Native Infantry, C. F. Thompson,
Esq. James IValkinshaw, Esq. Miss M. N. Paton, and a
number of servants.

Recent accounts from Madrid state, that a fresh con-
spiracy of the ultra royalist party has been discovered, and
that amongst tile number of persons arrested are several
officers of distinction, and two of the King's Chaplains.
THE UNITED STATES AND GEORGIA.--Governor Troup
of Georgia continues his hostile language against the Go-
vernment of the United States. He winds up a very an-
gry answer to a message from the President in this man-
ner :—" The President of the United States may rest con-
tent, that the Government of Georgia cares for no respon-
sibilities in the exercise of right, and the execution of its
trust, but those which belong to conscience and to God,
which, thanks to him, is equally our God as the God of
the United States." He seems to contemplate strong mea-
4ures, for in another letter be says—" I'he Government
of Getyr,l'a will not retire from the position it occupies to
gratify the Agent of the hostile Indians ; 'nor will it do so,
I trust, because it knows, that in consequence of disobe-
dience to an unlawful mandate, it may be very soon re-
'corded tint • Georgia was 1' "

The refreshing rains which have fallen at intervals,
since the close• of harvest, and which still continue to
full; have had the most benvficiallnfluence ou vegetation. •