The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1808-05-21 00:00:00

The means were in tie power of tie Those to es,

certain that fact. The .6000 troop.., which cow-

poled the garritouof Alexandria, arrived ei Sira-
cuae on the 18th of (Y.:toiler. They sliltA under
an able and experienced officer Nluar.!

for Gibraltar, on the of Octob••r. They coiii
left that garrisna on the isth of Novetn:Jer,
arrived in 1:1,! 2Atit of I)eeeinh.2r. Dri
_ .

Alioi,tera fed :the nece..Vyor haring a great force

collected ta borne, or bad the con'utr; by elia
MMUS the pleasinx consolianta of heron; our itolle
defence tecnred 4y bud, a con3idetableacee.,i,,i,

No such tiiu4 ; for scarce eight days before tiot
arrival of the army wider General Moore, au eqq.il

. .
'lumber of troops had sailed from British ports, to-
wand., as the event proved, the neighbouriri...l of
Gibraltar. It seemed that they looked at Ceuta;
it would have beieu much preferable, if tip:), had
looked into it. Since that penod the country ha.,
not heard of any striking advantage perform-
ed by that expedition. Indeed it has scarce hard
of it, or of the correspondent division that arrived
at home. The Hi ht Honourable Member then
recapitulated his various arguments, and, with feel-
ings of self-satisfaction. reviewed the ischniutstnition
of the Admiralty during the period he was at the

head of that deiiiirtineul. Ile felt conscious that
no Act of it had a tendency either to Littlish dic
proud character, or impair the strict discipline of
the naval service ; and concluded with au eloquent

panegyric of hil colleagues at that Board, whose
zealous' and active co-operation had given strength
and vigour to the weak band of him to whom the
honourable duty of presiding over it nos cola-
witted.

Mr. Secretary CANNI no declared, that he bad
barites' with markei atte.utiou r<ud respect to the

speech of the last speaker. Still he diet not twe
that disinclination to recriminate, witk which .that

Right Honourable Gentleintit so candidly tam-
ineaccd. The division of his subject was both um-

tural andust, hut it was nut a little surprisiog to
tied defend the political part on the prece-
deuts of hi 4 predecessors' and justify the wilitam,
by the sets of those who lied succeeded hi in. The

ught and duty of trite rferrrece with the Ottoman
Porte he has grounded on the treaty of the tripie
alliance, executed in the year 179te, between tins
conatry, Russia, arid the Ottowan Porte. Thut
treaty, which nsierred to an existing ear with
Prow., and was, loon the tenor of its provisions

awl the whole context of its stipulations, alone z,p

plicable to that particular transaction. Its very
preamble unfolded that priori-rile, and that
alone. Did the llignt Honouratile Gentleman
mean toassert that such a treaty, passed with refer-
ence to au existing stat• of hostilities, which state
was afterwards followed i,y a peace, not the result
ornate united act -between the three powers who
were parties, but obtained by separate negotiations,
sorvived those sabs,••;uaut adjustments? Or did
he mean to ssle•ort th• position, that though,
by the arrival of i'mace, it lost its operative power,
still it lay dormant, liable to be called into reno-
vated action at and• future. renewal of war, in which
any of the original contractim.r parties might be
bivalved ? If, during the iatemal of peace, it WAS
to flow front out of its •rdinary course, dillused
through subternineous chismels, with the power of
re-appoating, with all its wonted violence, ou the
re-engagement in future wars,
r Doris soars seam istarrairosat Imam,"

what would lie think of the new stipulation of
that treaty, which refered to the integrity of the
Ottoman tinpire Could he think that such a
treaty, with such a atipulation, gave a right, by
any. public law or usage of 'taboos, to au armed
interference, entlin at an attack on the very inte-
grity of that empire which it welt to guarantee ?
tie was far from asserting, that in the progress of
public con:"erns, 'melt a state of things might not
arise, as would justify a nation, upon principles of
great policy, to interfere with a neutral state, mid
to demand from that state assurances of its friend-
ship and strict neutrality ; or that it had not the
right to advance the just claims of its allies, mid
nrotect the neutral from the grasp and dominion of
an enemy riangerousto all. But at least it should
interfere in a manlier suited to produce the object
which it sought, and not, by a seeming attention
to -separate interests, disgust the very ally
for whom St pretended to interfere. at the same
time that it alienated and rendered hostile
the neutral upon whom it made the aggression.
Such, at leant, eras the 'principle of the expedition
to Copenhagen; it (littered from that of the Darda-
nelles, by being more undisguiscii iu its object,
and successful in its eifects. The lion. Secretary
argued in a most ingenious method on the compa-
rative me:its of the t.vo measures, and [[ i tt iad-
verted on the policy of his opponents, which, when
it. wanted to diameinber an ensiiire, made a treaty
of integrity the ground for its hostile interference.
The very passage of the Darden...llcl was an art
of lio-tility, and it was for the retrograde mammy
of the late Government to comiaenee its paeihe
inquiry by a direct act of co.item,,htte
There were two points that might have bee., oh-
tamed ; the fortresses of fiestas and hyolo% on the
opposite sides of tile Dardanelles; the former. on
the European side, it would have been desirable to
take and destroy ; the hatter. oil the: Asiatic side.
it would have been advisable to take ke. n
The letter of Sir Thomas Duckworth repsiscist,d
these two fortresses were in a formidable state. lad
that if he was to delay only a short tine u, tit.• sea
of Marmara, his return throtigh the Streights. be-
tween these two fortresses, would hr imoracii..able.
It surely then would have been a great ultject to
take the one, and to destroy the other. It was 'cud,
that tlwre were 200,000 oleo in Constantinople.—
That might he very Mae ; but then they could not
act on the Asiatic side, where the foiaresa a 7,, mite,
which it was desirable to keep. It sale only
nc-
ceasary to destoy the tower on the European
where this immense force a as, and that might 'o:ivy
been elfeeted by a de maim. In to
this, it was said, that t ore acre no troops to spare
for this porprise : but he contended that the troops
sent to Alexandria me. Ott hive been so employed,
and even if Alexandria were an itisli.aiensiable ob-
joet, they might have been employed in the Dar-
danelles, 111 the tirst instance, mid it would have
been time enoierh sifter having perforated the
service. tier to --weed to their ulterior ob,"iiet in
revp:• A force of 5.0110 mon might have beeo
sufficient to take one of the*, fortrrsses, awl even
that much achieved would have preventel the

vations of my Right Hon. Frieud, they must ac-
count for it upon this ground, that the debate has
not turned upon papers in that Right Honourable
Gentleman's possession, mod that he cannot dole
thetas out, mutilated and perverted, iu bits and
scraps, and any mode he likes. lie is not, how-
ever, without other resources to supply this defi-
ciency, and compensate for this disadvantage. To
make assumptions without proofs, to put words
in men's mouths that they never used, to advance
assertions unsupported by facts, to impute 'dean
that hare been disclaimed, and of this rare combi-
nation to make a flourish to his friends, without
making any impression upon the He/Illie, is u re-
source of winch be can still avail iiituss.:l; mat in
which he has itidulgs-cl not a little this night. On
the eoutrary, I de..l its hard and stubborn facts,
from which I canaot be debarred ; and ir, applying
them to she wild and extravagant reasoning
that !louse has just heard, I find any dif-
ficulty, it is merely because it is difficult to
auswer where it is difficult to comprehend. Of
this description 1 consider the reasoning of the
Right Honourable Gentkman respecting the
Treaty. And first, as to the right to enfss re its
stipulations : The Right Honourable Gentle Man
step, it woes made in time of war, and with reference
to a state of things existing at the time of its execu-
tion. Why, Sir, I beliese that most treaties are
made under Bnelcircumstances ; hut the duration
of the treaty is generally marked out, 1111t1 IS Lot to
determine with the war. The continuance cf a
treiey is either contingent, or for a certain tiine.
A treaty for eight years is good for that period, and
neither subsequent peace or war canaltet it. If it
Ise a general treat), it applies to all subsequent
treaties within its purview, said if there be new pro-
visions upon the subject, the old treaty will apply
to them alike, and there may be also subsequent
treaties,witli which, ascent:Mos% matter totally dif-
Iciest, tl:se old has nothing to do. The Right Huu.
Gentleman, pursuing Isis wild career, uegt
whether it was in virtue of that old treaty we claim-
ed a right to interfere with Turkey ? I say the
violation of that treaty constituted a right which we
should not have had in the case of a merely neutral
or friendly autism, not bound by any engagement ;
for by the violation df that engagement a friend
may become an enemy ; whereas, in the case of a
merely neutral, there being in, bond to break, there
exists no cause of offence. The complaint arises
from the violation of the treat!. , and the breath
constitutes our right to interfere. This much may
be sufficient for this part of the subject. I Aorta
have thought that tins style of declamation would
not have been resorted to, when it is considered
how mach the mind of the Right Honouryhic
Gentleman enlist be haunted by what pas ed
at Copenhagen. After the miserable attempt in
throw upon Denmark the blame of that proceed-
ing, it was not for men who had acted such a part
to have recourse to such a topic. 1 admit mare
may be eiretunstaseces of imminent danger and hos-
titty, when vou would be justified ill taking front a
neutral or friendly power the means of offence.—
The principle is not disputed. The slidere.,ce
arises only sot of the application ; and with reaps ct
to oat, every case stands upon its own legs. I cies-
tea.% therefore, that we had a right to enforce the
treytv Isetween the Porte and Russia, and that tee
re.: at of interference did not cease to exist, although
tie, Right Honourable Gentleman anieds, with his
angel extravagance, that by our forbearance we
have suffered a hschrs, Isy which we have f silents'
oar right. Having how dismissed the right, I come
to the poliey 4,;* t itC inen.yire. It is said that it was
not good polie" t" draw Turkey into a war. That,
I say, WA* sot our lineation. The object of one in-
terpositrui, nu the contrary, was to prevent war;
lint is it to lie supposed, that after France had we-
quirs.d, unfortunately for this country, such an in-
fluence with the Porte, that after ticbastictii's in-
tri:,sues had been so successful its Coisstautitiople ;
that things were in such a state, we could, pur-
suing any other course, be at this day, by any
possibility, at peace with Tits key ? No man
of common sense will suppose that Turkey,
left to herself, must not have fallen under the
influence and dominion of Frans It. We new
come to the means which we used, whieft the
Right lionourible Gentleman describes as tse
cominencement of war, in a pelagic negocietiois.
But who says it was a pacific neveiatioss ? It was
an mined mediation, to be enforced by menace, 1
admit, disguised, isut operatitor. The.
was the character of air nate:ie. ent-e, and of the

mesas wilith we resorted Oh The sufficiency of
these meow a next objected to. %°c are told, that
• natal force was net adequate to the purpose, a..d
that nothiu t could have been done without a cum-
biased nasal and military force. New,:eve.y i offieer
*insulted or engaged in the servile did not ilauk
troops necessary. 'I ;Ile *as the opinibit of Admiral
Louis, of Aduiiral Daticwunh, and of Mi. 4. both-
not. Admire; Louis; it is tree, LI the 1400-6 of.
the beau: et, says, he wants iti. ith;,is of the hue
asid tratips ; lett on tlBo47ril-Of the precedieg month
he says,' 3 ships of the Ilse, width,* creeps, *VIM
be sulfa: 4o*. this piogl tsii re *tee of *hangs 'hews
that tiibe was more valnable,iiiiiirtiiilitaty force.--
No truups were tie:eatery et 0 time of the sei.•
vice ordered.; and it is au rerereece to net time,
and riot to stilenpittest eteets, the merit of
our conduct is to bejtaLlged. that it has teen saw,
we might ease used, in the Dardanelles, the troo:at
that went to A!exa:ldrie. 1 lore already ..tat_ i •
that the difficulties, increased so fest with the pio-1..31
greed of thiligs, we coal,' not nweis for thew fbe
time was so pressing, Admirel. boats could . nit
even wait for the limistants who were it hands A
stitrwient number of troops, 1 mean enough to line
the *bore, could not be 604,64 to wait ter a woe*
number, would only by tier eta had to a greater
degree of mischief and (Amiga, than the ationnea
of tills smut force could overbalance. All, how-
ever, that has been tet(tal on the oppwite aide,
can wo little tend to est:abbot, the charge, is oepe-.
*thou to the opinion of the Officers whose initueS I
Lev aneutiutied, Ido not think it necessary to a.:d
'toy thing snore to the very able statement of my
lti.ht donna able Friend (Mr. tireaville) upon
tLie ?art of the subject. Now as to cri-
inii,sttuie—iti the first place, so lac as respects
the gm-sties et; policy, it was not for eh cutniug
into office, to change the course of poncy esta-
blished witb the Coutiuent. We were onliged to
take it as we found it, amid acted upon it accord-
ingly. As to Alexandria, we do not claim to tiske
the future situation of the troops sent there, and
found our justification upon it. If a eemmun.ca-
thin with Rosette was indiapesnable, it would, per-
haps, be a presumptive proof of impropriety ; but
it was not necessary, and there * deemve evideuce
that the troops could maintain tieniveliea without
it. There *iota force efAlestancitia sufficient ''' to
laugh to aeons" any that could be brought against
it, and *is not preteided that tlict were diiven
away by •,.,..:.,i pIOVIIMOSh6 'I here are clouds of
fete.: -. to tile coutralndeed, the situation of
t!.: I reach, when inapt, is a strong }netnews
tiro that such meld not have beeu the fact • but it
is not necessary toeely on presumption. We hate
the fact itself in our justification. I therefore
charge, that the. tinges were utineceioserily with-
drawn from Alesaiidrta; that the conduct of 1i...e
late Ministers, in the affair of the Dardanelles,
was guided by juAtice end sound policy, ; and that
it failed ant from any fault eft those wit,. seat net
the'ci.pildition, but merely /hn the accuteiite of
• n
rounifee."
C.ithnat Worth argued tkit Resin and Turkey
were ueresaary to prevent the desire of Boenparte
RgAittv't Sim passeVaiintS id India, but tint Alex:l:J-
-(111a *went* any object to him, and that, therefore
the expedition to it was 'unwise. The tionbuothle
Geneemaa enlarged open sacral other topics, but
the Rinse became-impstient for the % ninitsoh, and
itteecbecame impossib:e to bear hiss Illistinctly.
Mr. TAY I..UR replied in aspset of rat length,
The questiou vets then put en Mr. CASPIINO'II
metion.that the et her orders of the daylbe now mod,
and wasearried without a division.
M....ftpasosine stated, that he weold wish his
lions Rsiend, Mr. Lushington, to put off his so-
tice,,en,the business of the LI Etrusre, for hlon-
theft to make sow for the discussion on the ques-
tion of the datilleriee, it being a busluess of a
public nature, which occupied the attention of the
whole of the landholders of this country.
Mr. Luxo said, hie *at afraid that the postpone.
merit woidd affect the feelings of the Hoe. Baronet,
whom it principelly concerned.
After a ceilversation . between Mr. Pantheist,
Sir HENRY MILIMAY, Mr. l'iltrßY it, Admiral
HARVEY. and lar,:testunexow, it was postponed'
to Tuesday.
Mr. Ltiel.v.ion gave notice, that he would,
on Nlisiiday st:uitight, mice fur leave to bring is a
bill to assimilate the pence:thugs ea Courts Mar-
tial to the Courts of LUw.
The second relent of the DeWitt Police Bill
was eosteoned to MAiday.
The /louse then disposed of the several orchne
or the day, and adjeumed at 581.1 POW TaRRS
O'CI.00E• i

•.• Ent Misealsusenas I nttlLa( ace, see the last pase

THE BRITISH PRESS.

LONDON,
SATURDAY, MAT in.

The Gottenburgh Mail, which snived no Thurs-
day brought no public accounts of the operations of
Ur-Swedes in Norway ; but private letters have been
received, which state, that they have been entirely
defeated, and driven back to their two' froutie,--
The accounts by the preceding Gottetiburgh Mail
bad prepared the, public mind fur this ungrateful
intelligence. Tbeiliisidish Commander in Chief
I
stated in his ofEctral Report that the Norwegians
had recovered from their panic, and berm to attack
the invaders wherever they made their appearance.
The squadron under the command of Captain
RA1.1.0%41514 consisting of the Tigre. of ge guns,
Edgar, 4r7t, Triounpl, of 74, pn4Mioutattr. of 74,
was at analog off, the Isle of Widelveven, on the Lath
hesitant, watFltiug the motions sof the enemy. The
Dutch line of .6attle s;tips which bad been at Flush-
irig, were, it W11.41.1l11!trstood, removed up to Ant-
werp. and thea. i'.l-isilnitled. In the Roads thee,
were only two frigatit and three Vito.
We have received tfutch Paper to the I3th. awl
French to Ow Nth' instant. The affairs of Spiti.,
• .Wholly eteAroso the attention of the writers in Parti,
anti fat ulsti the wail, topics of newt Rom that cat}.
The oreannt of u probable rupture Ix:tweet,
"'lance and Turt:ev. which .%er cove yesootaisy, is
co.volwated by thc at-r:val of a crime; from Palermo.,