The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1821-01-04 00:00:00

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LONDON WO R KIRKS Et
* ret rY:
;!
jt sletlei knows on Monday that All *am:se
Nadia L sa bad been opened for the shelter
qr.- of thee, who had not the means of procuring a
lodging, few presented therneelvee for edmissiou at
• the Workhouftr. On Tuesday, however, placard.,
announciag that the Institutiors had commenced
operations, were posted up in various parts of the
metropolis, and in the evening seventy wretched
individuals, principally labouring men, who were
prevented from working during the continuance of
the frost, were admitted. Atethe sitting of the
House Committee, Mrs. Gould and Mr. Gould,
unit Mr. Aston, were appointed to join the it:tersest
committee. !Messrs. Bodkin and Hick, together
With Mr. Campbell. the Chairman, and the Gen-
tlemen on the nightly rota fur attending to the ad-
mission of the liumitelmis, were appointed to be the
managers of the internal regu'atious iti the house.
It was resolved by the Committee, that a respect-
ful application should be made to the Lord Mayor,
fur the assistance of the City Police in furtherance
of the benevolent purposes of the institution. We
ale informed that his Lordship has returned a fa-
vourable answer to the application, and has eiguitied
till detention to make some in:Mediate arrange-
merits upon lire sultjeet. .•
It was regretted that no stir bed heart yet male
at the east on,' west roils or the town for the open-
ing of places of refuge fur the 'meatless, partici:-
, laily so as the udvaidages which have barer derived
front the lesiiiutiou in the City have been so great
fuel permanent. Offers were made at the I lose of
last winter of t eteiisive premises in St. Mariires.
lane, and riutilar offers were made about the same
time by the East India Company of extensive pre-
' itt..es at the tile end of the town. These offers
have not. however, been repeated this year; but it
was hoped that when the necessity and advantage
of such places brit% opened in the east and we-t
rails of the town was made known, that the belie.
veleta in these quarters would have come forward
with equal alacrity this year.
The Ladies of the Guardian and other provi.
simnel protective societies, *tent a truder of their
services as a Ladies' Committer, to superinteed the
arroligentenn: of the female wards. The aseiritemer
rendered by ilea Committee last winter was found
to be of the highest importance, and the Improve.
item which they effected, 105 women. and 45
children being placed under their charge. The
great chasige iii the appearance and liehaviiiur
of most of the women, their stivancemret hi
chintiliness, and their diligent spplicution to em-
ployment, under the superintendence of the Lathes'
Committee, were particuletly striking and impres-
rive. Matey wretched females were reclaimed trout
the streets, sod situations provided fur them in te-
rmer:table families; aid it is particularly saii.fec-
tory to state, that the conduct
,of those iedividuals
in their new situations haw been quite unexception-
able, and that several applications have been made
this yew' to some of the Committee for hooseless
servants. As there hied yet been no (entries serionigat
those who hoer already entered the a.yloni, the
Committee did not thu: the formation of a Ladies'
Committee et present necessury.
The individuals who have •Iready been admitted
into the asylum have uudergone the most rigid ex-
emieation as to that settlements. as it is the deter-
. initiation of the Committee that all parishes shall be
made to keep their respective poor. Some regula-
tions, we ate informed, ore intended to be adopted
with respect to the poor who are kept by the Men-
elicit). Society. a 'mintier of whom. with Nlentlicity
tit kris, hair taken advantage of the asylum, and
steep thereat night, mid are kept by the Mendicity
Society during the day.
Two Members of the Committee, Mr. Gould and
Mr. Aston. perambulated the City pa Tuesday
slight, and visited the shambles of Newgine, Leaden-
,
Mail, and Fleet-markets, which are the general
retort of the wretched in the metropolis during
inelement temouvi and have our that account
been denominated. " City [hotels," which from
having coustainly swarmed with beings• of every
age, sex, aid character of poverty and crime,
were found slow almost totally deserted. The
alcoves of London-bridge were alto limed with-
out tenants. 'lime numerous gangs of wretched
girls who formerly infested Bishopagate-street, and
who, alter selling matches in the streets during the
day, made their pillows of the stones in the might,
were nut to be found. 'flee several headborneighs,
might constables, trod others, with whom the Gen-
tlemen of the Committee conversed upon the
*object. asciiheel this great improvement in the
state of the streets at night to the extraordinary
exertions of the Members of the Institution
last year in clearing the streets of all wanderers,
and by the discipline which they reacted, and
by the t fficieut relief which they afforded to those
who lied been taken ie, hid forced great num-
bers, who had long led a life of wretchedness in the
streets, lido active awl useful socieit: The Gen-
t lemen of the Committee were particularly struck
at the absence of all seafaring men, not one of
whom could tiny find, from the street.: 440 sailor,.
who had been begging in the public ways last year
in the moat deplorable condition, arid from Walt of
prober clothing were unable to obtain ships until
they were fitted out by the Institution, but for whom
they must have continued to drag oil a useless mid
wretched existence iu the streets. Yet, as liar al-
ready been stated, the average amount of the re-
lief afforded to 1,376 individuals, who had licen taken
from the streets, did not amount to more than Mee
shillings to each individual. Another cause which
has operated to improve the condition of the streets
of the City at bight, is the increased vigilance
of the Police and otner brunches of the cuirmiumiy,
which has been occasioned by the public attention
having been directed to the subject by the Press.
The parish officers are now more alert in ewe-
henditig street wanderers than before, when in per-
firming their duty with activity, ,they were often
chid for their ufficioustiess. It has been found in
some instances, that the affording lodging ist
houses indiscrimiustely to all perm's, hiss been
productive of mischief. and at many places they
bare been shut altogether to the Imo:Atm. 'Die
benefits of a general refuge far the houseless are
sirongly illustrined in • case which occurred out on-
day. night, near Loudon Bridge. A poor man. who
hail been driven to town from the country its search
of employ, had been wandering about the sireet,
and towards dusk applied for shelter and relief at
the 'watch-house, statiug, that unless it were afford-

ed to him, he must ,perish of hunger or cold. A
deaf tar was turned to the sepplications of the un-
fortunate mon, who declared, that unless he Gb-
wined a lodging that night, he must perish in the
streets; to prevrnt which he went and stole a piece
of beef from a shop iu Crooked-lane, and by that
meaner the Gentlemen of the Committee, to whom
the circumstances were stated, was informed the
man obtained his object.

FiFEMASONItY.
11144 a t .•.ze •

fold
Yesterday an/night being the sonireroary of Rt. Join
the Evangelist, the brethren of the " Lodge of Economy,"
Nu. 111. accompanied by Sir Wm. de Carespigity, M.P. and
Proviticlal Grand Master for the Coital, of Hants, walked in
procession from St. John's Howse to St. Laorence's Church,
Winchester, preceded by the Military Lodge in t►e 51st
regiment of foot, and the bawd playing the tune of " The
Ewer. d Apprentice;" obeli an excellent sermon, giving a
M irf history 1.11 Masonry, pointing out its moral and spiritual
duties, was preached by the Rev. J. Hopkins, Chaplain to
ledge 111. Aficr which the procession returned in good order,
amidst a great assemblage of spectators uf all ranks, to
St. John's House, whet, Sir William do Orespiguy, P.G.M.
gave a suitable and appropriate address to thy ancient craft.
The installation of of for the ensuing year then took
place: Mr. Wm. Early, High-street, was installed Worship.
ful Master; Mr. J. Tomkius, 'motor, and Mr. J. Pierer, junior
Warden. The Lodge then adjourned to their Lodge•room,
at the Marquis of Granby Ina, and partook of an excellent
dinner, provided by Brother W. Fo■ter, and the day coo-
t-lorded, afte► mocb conviviality, to the fall satisfaction of all
the brethren.
Yesterday Be'soright bring the festival of St. John the
Evangelist, the Royal Gloucester Lodge of Freemasons
met at their Lodge, Freemrsous'-hall, in East•strert, South-
ampton, to celebrate the day: the brethren sat down to
dinner at five o'clock, Sir Wm. C. de Crespigny, Bart. 51.1'.
Provincial Gram! Master for Hants, in the Chair. After the
usual ceremony, the evening was spent with the characterisi ic
harmony of this optima and honourable Society, and which
was eun•iderably heightened by the well.knoww urbanity
sit matinees mid truly masonic feelings of the distinguialied
President. Sir William had previously been to Winchester,
attended by his Secretary, Dr. Irving, to join in a masonic
procession to church. The Provincial Grand Master, tin
that occasion, wore the splendid insignia of his high office,
sod was preceded by his banter.
Yesterday seutright the Lodge of Union, No. 648, of Free
and Ai:rcpt.-it Mesons, roinniemorated the festival of St.
John, their tutele' Saint, at the Anchor and Hope Tavern,
St. George's-square, Portsea—the Provincial Senior Grand
Warden of Hants in the Chair. Upwards uf fifty brothers
partook of an excellent dinner; after the cloth was cleared,
Arm mobil, Domino was p►rformed, several ioacuoie song.,
doe's, catcher, and glees were rung, and Brother A. C.
Fisher recital .in Ode on the nature and desigis of the craft.
The greatest order and unanimity prevailed.
•
SPORTING EXTRAORDINARY.

A match, which stands unprecedented in the annals or
spoiling, wan decided in the High-street, Ilainmersmilh,
shout three o'clock last Monday afternoon sailister
Baker, living in the town, had belled a guinea with a neigh.
hour iltat be and his mastiff would draw his bread barrow,
with 20 quarierts loaves in it, a mile and a half, and do the
ground in less time Shan any stage.corch that passed through
the Nan (the baker to liner his choice), between one and
three o'clock, provided the bursas Oki not break into a gallop.
The baker ,tartest against the last coach (the Blue-eyed
Maul), to the infinite •mititrment of several hundrrd specta-
tors, and sinprise of Jima', who was not in site secret, and
who den-omitted not to be bratty what he called au cue and
a dug, drove on furiously, but his borers invariably
,hrulta
into a gallop, when he was requested to stop and canter, that
being the terms of the agreement. He good-humouredly
complied, hot the ground whirls hr so lust enabled the busker
in get so far a head, that enackee could not overtake him,
and he finally travelled the ground in a much shorter time,
and won his wager.

POACH ERN. -

On Thursday night last, when James Johnson, game.
keeper to Ottiwell Wood, Esq. was on duty, with assistants,
its protecting the woods at Seurehy, he fell in with • des.
perste gang of maned poachers.. After a severe contest, i■
which we are sorry to say both Johnson and his Iwother
suffered extremely, they succeeded in securing three of
them. They proved to be John G►thank anti his sun, and
Robert Bean, all of this city. On the same day, they were
committed to the Castle by the Rev. Mr. Read, to take their
trials at the Assume for the double *Aimee of night poaching
with arms, and the violent assault they committed *pun
the gamekeeper and his assistants. We are happy to learn,
that there is reason to believe the remainder of the gang.
will nut escape detection —( York Ilerald.)

CURIOUS OCCURRENCE.
•
A tradesmss of Plymouth having lately placed some opt-
tees in a cupboard, was surprised at Miaow, in the morning,
• mouse caught by the tail, by the sudden collapsing of the
shell. This incident, though curious, is not new. The oyster
his the power of closing the two parts of its shell with con-
siderable Note, by means of a strung muscle •t the binge.
This circumstance its stature! history may he illaelrated by
• singular incident which happened about forty years
since at Ashburton, at the house of Mrs. Aldridge, known
by the name of the New lan. la an underground cellar
a dish of Wembury oysters was laid, by way of coolness:
at the time the tide flow., the oysters, it is well known,
open their shells to admit the water and take their food. At
this periml, • large oyster bad expanded its shell, and at the
inotant Iwo mice searching for prey, pounced at mace upon
the victim, and seised it with their teeth; the oyster, shrink.
ing at the wound, collapsed with such force as to crush the
morandes• to death. The oyster, with two mice dangling
fruits its shell, was for • long lime exhibited as a curiosity.
Carew, in his Meter, of Cornwall, tells of an oyster that
closed It► shell an three mice. Au apposite instance is also
t pigraiumatically recorded in the Greek Anthology.

- -
Tlll4 day the poisoners who stand committed on
charges of felony will he removed from the revere'
gaols iii the city of London and county of Middle-
sex to Newgate, preparatory to their taking their
trials at the ensuing Sessions, at Justice H.ll in
the Old Balky, which will commence 4111 Wednes-
day neat.
The Sessions of the Peace for the county of Mid-
tlles..-it will commence at the Se.sions-house, Clerk-
envrell-green, on Mondry next, when the trials of
traveirera 111111 others out on hail on matters of as-
sault, nuisance, and misdemeanors, will be pio-
ceriled nits

At Norwich Merkel, en Saturday, ‘Vheat ad-
vanced Is. per cournti, but no alteration took place
in the price of other groin.— The Cattle Market
was nui 60 lull of stuck us usual, and great purl of
the Scots were driven off unsold. The Sheep-pens
were partly tilled ; prices rather lower.
lin Tuesday uosinsg, about nine o'clock, as the
Built coach (which leaves Piccadilly at sevei) was
prucetiliiig 'dung the road to Slough, when at Coln-
brook the axle of the lure wheels broke, by which
recitirtit teal outside passengers and four inside
wrie more or less hint. The coachman was token
tip to u stale of imensibility, and tine Gentleman
inside had his face cut iu consequence of its bring
forced through the window, but nut senoualy.
Some met with bruises, and others were more
trightened than hurt; but, among rhos whole, not u
broken limb to4k ,„ ..,;

Amirro not mem
[from a Blackworar's Rdinburph 11401111.9.1
On my passing through the Harm, sw the ass•
tumor of last year, I took occasion to pay a visit In
the famous Professor Heidelbergus, in order to pre-
sent him with an account of the observations made
in the late voyage to the Arctic regions. I found
him mighty busily employed in his study. arrang-
ing a huge pile of papers, 'naps, and instruments,
from which he seemed very unwilling to he disturb.
ed. Pretty discoveries, indeed, mid the Doctor, for
ate inhabitant of this globe; but had they possessed
the advantage of a lunar view of these Continents,
we should see a very different account of them.
scarcely knew which way to look, at this observa-
tion, when the Doctor, perceiving ray confusion,
desired me to listen to him without scepticism, and
he would communicate a portion of the wonders
which he had seen in that delightful planet ; with
a full relation of which he proposed shortly to favour
the world.
In Isis last aeronautic excursion he inadvertently
set off with too much inflammable air, and was
carried to a prodigious height, before he could
possibly throw a single N ber of your Magazine
out ; where, meeting with a vacuum. occasioned
by the tail of air Aurora Borealis, and a pressure
front the surronndisio element, the Doctor was
whisked completely out of the atmosphere. Here
he Witi taken in -the eddy of a furious vortert:
and whirled with inconceivable swiftness in a
spiral direction. towards the lunar regions. He
laments extremely, that front the informal manner
in which be was tost about, being sometimes him-
self uppermost, and onntraintes his balloon, he was
precluded from making any observations in his
fight ; hut he consoles himself by supposing that,
as the moon was then at the full, these amino were
proceeding outwards to form some ilea, planet,
which lie will have the satisfaction to give the first
notice of.
Here 1 requested to know how he came to sustain
respiration in such dreary parts, which we are taught
to believe are quite a void. Heidelberg said that, PO
far from there being a void outside our atmosphere,
he was almost clinked with the pressure mid commo-
tion of the circutuar»bient eletuent ; but he begged
me not to interrupt his relation ally more, where
the accidents seemed to me unaccourituble, -as he
would explain them in such a manner, in his pub-
lication, as should satisfy scepticism itself. liVheir
lie hod arrived at that point, where the attractions of
the moon and of our orb balance each other, his
balloon was a considerable time in doubt what course
to purser ; and would certainly have remained
there in jeopardy to all eternity, had not • lucky
impulse Irons one of the beforesmcntioueil
inclined it some fractions of an 'rich (the exact
quantity he intesic!, computing) towards the forr.ser
of these globes. It now assumed a rapid inure-
ment onwards, when the Doctor suddenly experi:s
owed a violent cuncussints on the head, which feu-
dered him senseless. This was no other than a
shower of meteoric statues, that was proceeding on a
visit to our earth, and was attracted by a sympathy
•or particles, to that uncivitinvasion of the Doctor's
person.
When Heidelberg recovered, he found himself
landed near a large pit, that appears from our globe
like a dimple 011 the ninon'. chin ; and his balloon,
at a little distance, entangled amongst the bushes.
Nothing could he more enchantiog than the 10110
rounding scenery. Rows of poplar. and of elms
here presented u grateful shelter from the solar
brains, and there the majestic oak and cedar a
secure refuge to the eagle and the vulture. Fields
of waving cunt and of smiling meadows occupied
the plains. bounded by groves of evergreens,
where the birds, its ceaseless carols, filled the air
with their melody; Here and there, too, on the
plain, wits seen a flock of sheep, and several
grotesque figures. that looked like the Sylvan
deities of the planet. 'fliere wanted only the
meonderings of souse rivulet, or the plashing of
a waterfall, to constitute; the place rosnantic
ground. Without in the least minding this
charmitsg prospect, Heidelberg had no sooner shook
his limbs, and found theta not materially bruised.
than he set himself to measure a degree of the me-
ridian with the almost alacrity. Fur this purpose
lie seized the branch of a tree, and was proceeding
to the measurement of a base line, when he recol-
lected that lie must have some standard length
to measure with. Why, take a foot to be sine,
thought lie—But how much is a foot ?—Twelse
inches, certainly.—And how much is an inch ?
The twelfth part of a foot. With that ready inge-
nuity which adapts itself to every emergency. the
Doctor took up a large round stone. and, draw-
ing several threads out of his handkerchief, which
lie fastened to each other, and round the stone, lit
suspeuded the apparatus to the branch of** tree,
which projected laterally. Then looking around.
and making an allowurece for time buoyancy rod
temperature of the atmosphere, as well as lOr the
attraction of a ruurniteio, which lie observed peep-
ing above the horizon, he took out his watch:,
and set his pesidulutn a swinging, to (hid what
length would vibrate seconds at that latitude. After
swinging it with great patience for two hoots, the
thread gave way, owing to the Doctor's jerking it
rather too suddenly ; but this he quickly replaced,
and continued the experiment, computing the
movements lost from the doctrine of chances ; as he
considered that, in observations amuck delicacy, the
'ricketier they were repeated the better. Then shift-
jug his point of vibration for a centre of suspension,
be set the other end of his pendulous iu motion.
.to verify the experiment. After watching the
irbread,.sitaking about in the wind, for a time cor-
responding to the first, betook the means of all the
«observation.; ; awl having now obtained !I deternie-
!wale measure, he took down the apparatus. But
'be was ugaiii at a stand for want of aomethitig to
'compute angles with. 'While is this perplexity lie
perceived a atraisge figure, mounted upon an
&Mind, somewhat resembling the fabled being
.of a griffin, emerge Gout the woods, and ad-
•vaiscie swiftly towards bins, with a kind of move-
ment between boundusg and flying. Ile was
above the size of a man, but resembled I •
its other respects, except that lit. feet were part-
)td. like a goat's. A single garment was passed
mith numerous folds mound Iris body, and came
spoil his shoulder in a knot, that added a dignity
'to his bertign aspect and silvery lucks. The only
%Splice that Heidelberg' took of this grotesque ap-

.~_~

pnrition, was that of making him a lip .oat What
he wanted. .
The Lunarian pulled out a small theodolite,
which he offered to our philosopher, who intone-
dilater), flung the instrument, with all his might,
into the moon's dimple, and naked him, in a
passion, if he dill not know that the three
angles of it triangle had been discovered to be
greater ilum two right angles? The Lunarian,
sending, asked him its Latin, whether, since the
moon was 111 motion through absolute space. at the
same rate, and in precisely the contrary direction to
that in which he had projected the itistrisinent,
it could be positively stud to have moved or
not ? Certainly, amid the I)octor, it has never
stirred, but the moon rail swum it ; likewise, he
observed, the gravity of the madamc is iticre.l-eel,
since it has approached the eetitre of the planet.
‘l'ell then, returned the Lunarian, whose neerie
was Zoloc, since my theodolite his not stirred from
this, I will thank you to hand it me, as it wits the
best I had. But come. added lie, do soot troiae
yourself any further shout this matter, for we have
already aacertmined the exact drove of curvature
to every point, not only on our planet, hut too yowl'
alm, even to the ten atillioneth part of an itch.
If you will mount behind we I will take you to ms
obaervatnry„ anti also chew you a few odic:. things
worthy of your notice.
They secorilingly journeyed onward.; and in the
way the Doctor ontimie.l mooch curious information :
but it is much to he regretted that his intelligence
is very scanty, except in what relater to his favourite
pursuits. Zutoc had heard nothing either of this
knight Acolyte's. or of Father litrelitr; but the
three ancient philosophers who were tratisnorted to
the Limier liegions to examine their tooeural
productions, lbewi . who .„*qiceittlereil their time
in sioging and dancitig, left belund them some
Latta inamiscripts, which easbled the learned
men to acquire fitat. language. The inhabitailia
are divided into two classew; the Satyrs or learn-
ed men, and (he Shepherds ; and they reside almost
wholly upon `lilts side "of the moon ; 'the other
being Cousidared. from the absence of the Earth's
light, us' a kind of purgatory. They do not ex-
ceed nine or teeilhousand altogether; but they live
to a . eery lodes:iced age, souselients five hundred
yens. The sh'enlierels live in the most charming
slate of primeval iimplecity, tending their flocks?
end dancing to the melody of lutes and Puri-
pipes. 'Alrricot all the philosophers have oh.
tones and apparatus of their own, which
they Were brought to midi perfectiou as to hive
made the moat •
surprising discoveries. Their
teleicopes' bring • the tight within
.a very few
Miles Of .the terrestrial globe, so that they
easily di/Jingoish our towns and rivers, fleets
and arrieiek. Heidelberg has procured the moat
accurate male of she regions Wallin our pular
circles, together with tables of the curvature of the
earth, to the hundredth Part of an inch ; front
which there appears to .be a difference Of some
inches between oar two hemispheres, that will occa-
sion is alteration of our geological systems. But
thew most profound discovery-4'l6M of Perpetual
motidn; *hich -they ' have applied. to almost every
subject ;.and which has enabled them to erect woo ka
i ,
n a very short space of time, which it would
Co as ages to Girls. By this they have construct-
ed time-keepers, which will shear the longitude to
'the thousandth pert :of • second, for such as have
occasion to 'Wit the treater side of the Lunar
Sphere, where they have not the advantage of ob-
serving.this great dial of the earth.
As our travelle.s were parsing a pool of water, the
first which Heidelberg had seen in the moon, he
was isteuished to observe it boiling and bubbling
tip, u if it had beets in a cauldron. Zuloc ac-
quainted him that this was occassontel by the ex-
time livity of the Lunar atmosphere ; amid were it
not for the pneuMatic apparatus for condensing
fluids, which the philosophers have placed over
certain wells, and wield, are kept convtuntly
going, by their admirable invelitioo of perpetual
motion, all the waters of the omen would sows eva-
porate. Blot the philosophers themselves will sel-
dom be at the trouble of resorting to these wells;
for, by the mixture of several kinds of air in •
gloss, and the mere . compression of it fillip,
they can °kiln ai much water PS they please.
Indeed,- this is one of the means they have in
eontensplatieen for replenishing. the octets, which,
iii the iufsucy of the moon, wus very con-
siderable, but which has gradually vanished
from the preceding cause. To illustrate this
great tendency of the air to ignition, our Lo-
itering' gently struck one of the trees with his
-cudgel, sod immediately the whole forest sus in
flames. Zuloc has computed the Lunar atm.-
Sphere to be *even furlongs, two metres, and one
inch, in height ; its weight, one million and six
-ton% three entice', and teen grains, troy ; and that
it would fill a globe, of the deusity of our earth,
of one mile, nine inches, mod three teutha, in dia-
meter. Throe results Heidelberg has tendered ac-
cording to the English inellienl of computation ; us
all measures sod weights,o'periods sod quantities
whatever, whether natural or attilicial, are aunt-
soled into decimal parts, for the cotiveuteoce of Md-
iliemmticians.—This conveoittion brought them to
the uh-ervatory of Zeilirci which is situated in the
prioctpal town, near the left earner of the moon's
mouth. It consisted ' i
mmp immense concave of
I entire glass, with nit u. doors noel sky-
t
loghts, which could be iTspied or closed at pleasure.
by mechanical .iiiepeeiteages. The first objects
that struck Heidelberg were a outaber of prodi-
gious prisms, suspended to the ceiling. These
oere for separating aid conducting the rays of the
soli into dilferent places. Zuloc placed the Doctor
beneath one of them. and dectled the several rays
of light into ditierreit bottles, an that Heidel-
berg was left perfectly in the dark, innwitli-
standing that the sun •ppeered to be al' ' g fall
upon him: but he still eitperidoced the tune.
ence of its heat. Our LUlldriell now attracted
away the beating Isain, and Heidelberg was
obliged speedily to decamp. or he would soon
I Lave been frozen to death. The first of these pile-
emineue is employed for producing artificial night,
*lieu the oestionomers wish to sleep; since the
natural night, and days are too long fur the coma
mon purposes of life ; and the.mcond is made
use of in the torture of crimilials. This experi-
ment convinced Heidelberg of the finitustic
,existence of colours ; and he row thinks that
the diepote cooeenaiug the refute of sub-
. stances is for ever laid at rest.

7.- I* 7: Jai Jrll4/1 Y.
-7' v=l:
moilliiiatitieh was Wooed by Noma in the winter
milatier, wpOldhe•icil to Janus by the Rumaus.
Tlataeglail,cods of this mouth, like the first days of
the Mber wire loader else itrotectitua of Juno, the
first of January was more particularly soder the care of
Janus, to whom, nit New Year's day, was offered a cake
called Janus', nail likewise honey, figs, and dates, fruit. from
the sweetness of whirls happy omens were drawn for the
course of the year. The Jaimel was nide orates &wooer
salt, incense, and wine.
This day also, all th• artists sail artisans sketched nut
their week, under the persuasion, that to procure a favour-
able ye3r, it was necessary to begin by labour. Ovid tells
us that this was preseribeet by the gild Janus. This idea
was "inch more rational than float of the early Claroduiso,
who fasted to distinguish themselves from the -
cause the letter legated themselves in the evening, i 3 .00‘r
of J.lllll.

Oa this day the Consuls Ore t (oubat Tinley to tl:c r.•,,
Isle of Q F. N.•bilior •oil T. A. I.4eactia, in the year of
601) took p tarn-min.'s of their dignity. Tlo y •-cc,,!..1 !..
the Capitol, arettniunnied by a great cooed of n• opts,
ii new cloth, ; and th►re, amidst perfume., th,or immortal( f
to Jupiter Capitolinna two white hulls which bid n. Tyr b.s-,
yoked.
During this sacrifice, and afire haying taken tbe oat! t
of fidelity, the neatens put up their prayers for the pros-
Pcrity ...the empire, and the health of the Emperor. Tle
same was dour by all the other Magistrates. Tacit.. tells
us that it was imputed ■s a crime to Threats Ord be ha•t
neglected in be relent alien she oath was taken and the
pr ayes, offered for the Emperor. Ovid give' un •rcusol of
the ceremooiet of this dry.
On the same day the Romans swished each other a happy
year, and took min nal care um to let fall any words of bad
umets. Fritinle reciprocally made presorts, called 'teener,
like our new yest'a gifts.
Tha tither days of the month were thus characterieett
and occupied The second era reckoned unlucky fur war,
and was, therefore, called dies ales, an 'retort mutate, or black
day. The third and fourth were comitial drat. The filth
was a day fur. fitness''s causes. The loath was considered an
unlucky. Os the at-remit, the coming of Isis! to Rome was
celebrated. Tie. eighth was a day of assembly. The ninth
tiny held the festive' called Agonalia, in honour ofiaross, or
a swat contend, of the god Agonies, whom the Romans
ieaulted„ wises they nusle.tuek arty affair of importance.
The tenth sae half • working and half a holiday. t)• the
eleventh were the C•reseutaha, its honour of the Goddess
Canasta, the mother of Evander. The dedication of the
temple of Juturtia, in the Campos Manion, was alai, cele-
brated on this day. The twelfth was a day of assembly, ;
and musellieets the festival of the Conspitalis was hytil on
it. The thirteenth day, consterated 10 Jupiter, was marked
le the calendar by these two letters, N. P. It'efastiss prime
parte diet, to alp lry that the ft attest was tor,y is the moist.
tog part. A .1(vell called eels idrfia .t* sacrificed to the so-
vereign of tl.t. gods. The fourteenth, like the tenth, wus
partly • wos king and partly ■ holiday. The fiftecuil., the
Carusentalia were • sceo•d bore solemn and; and wire
therefore loran tl earwentalia secuuda. (ii the sanctions
was the dedication of the an perh temple of COIMCOtti , which
was first dedicated hey Camillus, nia which Irvin Drasilla
decorated with several statues and • magnificent altar.
From the !sixteenth to the first of February were essential
days, or days of asoaernbly, with the exec pun of the arena-
(tenth, un which were given the palatine games ; the tangy.
fourth, on a Ilith was held the feria semen:ins the twenty-
seventh, when as. celebrated eke dedication of the ample
of Castor and Pollux, at the lake of Juno na ,• the tank),
ninth, un which were given Ilse equine, ur hurarractria
the Campus Marlins; and lastly, the ilairlinlx which was
the festival of peace, uu which a %bile victim was sacrifired,
and a profusion of incense burued. lu this mouth the sou
niters Aspirins.

IVAV4L INTIILLirik;NCE.

HARWICH, JANUARY 2.
Sailed the !And Duncan and Lord iNielinin whet. for
Cuxhaven, Alliance and Jane packets fur Goitenbarg—all
with wails.

esLitotrrw, nacelles* 31.

Sailed the Miry, Wilson, 1.. r Bilime; Cegeste:lVebeter,
fur Charente; and 'rbree Bruttvre,ll. Cur Lisbon.

Lars-as-tory, JANUARY 2.
The cow of the Saxony, Johnson, Las beru Kot
past ur which is damaged; die vessel may yet Ist repsirtd.
mown, INIRLDII, JANUARY I.
. Ph. Verwagtiag, Miss!, from Guitenbarg (Jr Amster..
Afiriab bas piti in here with her cargu shifted, part of which
lablatist 1158(133w.
DEAL, JAiNVART 4.
. . . . . .

. Came down frum the River last night, and sailed, the On.
iseetoed, Retaliation, fur Demeraua ; and Jon.., Lott, (or,
Miami. Several brig. and coastei. (maul. s unitise* it) are
pillegeng through the Due u• to the westeara. Of the cargo
noted (rum the Duke of Cambridge VA Itbdo. of sloe, 1401
1111 hap of seed are in store at SAudwuch, and 79 hbds.
mime slid warm bags of seed ale in stele here.

CORN EXCHANGE, JANUARY 3.

The navigation of 11w River being now completely
slopped,all business 113 our Market is stopendeil, on sccuout
of the impossibility of getting any turn worked from on
shipboard, and consequently the prices of all Grain sue
•ominal.

COAL MARKET, havARY 3.
Skip, at Market. Mips weld. Price.
40 Newcastle) li
3; Sunderland..." . i
i Stone Coal ....