The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-04-13 00:00:00

THE .BAITISII. PRESS.

•
in times, of contention for principle, was bestowed only upon those
who bore the badge of party communion.
The collisions of party spirit, which originate in speculative
opinions, or in different views of administrative policy, are in their
nature transitory. Those which are founded on geographical di.
visions, adverse interests of soil, climate, and modes of domestic
life, are more permanent, and therefore perhaps more dangerous.
It la this which gives inestimable value to the character of our Go-
vernment, at once federal and national. It holds out to us a perpe.
teal admonition to preserve alike, and with equal anxiety, the tights
of each individual State in its own government, and the rights of
the whole nation in that of the Union. %Vhatsoever is of domestic
concernment, unconnected with the other members of the Union,
or with foreign lands, belongs exclusively to the administration of
the State Governments. ll'hatsoever directly involves the right,'
and interest,' of the federative fraternity, or of Foreign Powers, is
of the resort of this General Government. The duties of both are
(*virtue in the general principle, though sometimes perplexed with
difficulties in the detail. To respect the rights of the State Govern.
merits is the inviolable duty of that of the Union; the Government
of every State will feel its own obligation to respect and preserve the
tights of the whole. The prejudices, every-there too commonly en.
tertained against distant strangers, are wionawar, and the jealousies
of jarring interests are allayed, by the composition and tonctions of
the grant National Councils, annually assembled from all quarters
of the Union, at this place. Here the distinguislie;l men from every
section of our country, while meeting to deliberate upon the great
interests of thole by whom they are deputed, learn to estimate the
talents, and do justice to the virtues, of each other. The harmony
of the nation is motored, and the whole Union is knit together, by
the sentiments of mutual respect, the habits of social intercourse,
and the ties of personal friendship, fornted between the Repreasn.
tatives of its several parts in the performance of their service at this
metropolis.
Passing from this general review of the purposes and injunc-
tions of the Federal Constitution, and their results, as indicating the
first traces in the path of &fey in the discharge of my public trust, I
turn to the administration of my immediate predecessor. It has
passel away in a period of profound peace ; how touch to the saute-
faction of our country, and to the honour of our country's name, is
known to you all. The great features of his policy, ingenuous ton•
currence with the will of the Legislature, have been—to cherish
peace, while preparing for defensive war; to yield exact justice to
other nations, and maintain the rights of our own ; to cherish the
principles of freedom and of equal rights, wherever they were pro-
dangled; to discharge, with all possible pinneptiewsks 4,e national
debt ; to reduce, within the narrowest limits of efficiency, the
military force ; to improve the organisation and discipline of
' the army ; to provide and sustain a school of military sci-
ence ; to extend equal protection In all the great interests of the
nation; to promote the civilization of the Indian tribes; and to
proceed in the great system of internal improvements within the
' limits of the constitutional power of the Union. Under the pledge
' of these promises, made by that eminent citizen, at the time of his
first induction to this office, in hi. career of eight years, the in- '
ternal taxes have been repealed; sixty millions of the public debt '
have been discharged ; provision has been made for the comfort
and relief of the aged and indigent among the surviving warriors
of the Revolution ; the regular armed force has been raluced, and
its constitution revised and perfected ; the accountability fur the
expenditure of public moneys has been made more effective ; the
Florida* have been peaceably acquired, and our boundary has been
extend.. to the Pacific Ocean ; the independence of the southern
nations Y this hemisphere has been recognised and recommended
by example and by counsel to the potentates of Europe; progress
has been made in the defence of the country by fortifications and
the increase of the navy—towards the effectual suppression of the
African traffic in slaves—in alluring the aboriginal hunters of our
land to the cultivation of the soil and of the mind—in exploring
the interior regions of the Union, and in preparing, by scientific
researches and surveys, fur the further application of our national
resources to the internal improvement of our country.
In this brief outline of the promise and performance of my im-
, mediate predecessor, the line of duty, for his successor, is clearly
delineated. To pursue, to their consummation, those purposes of
limprovement in our common condi:ion, instituted or recommended
by him, will embrace the whole sphere of my obligations. To the
tooic of internal improvement, emphatically urged by him at his
inatuguration, I recur with peculiar satisfaction. It is :hat from
which I am convinced that the unborn millions of our posterity,
who are in future ages to people this continent, will derive their
most fervent gratitude to the founders of the Union ; that, in which
the beneficent action of its government will be most deeply felt and
acknowledged. The magnificence and splendor of their public
works are among the imperishable glories of the ancient Republics.
The roads and aqueducts of Rome have been the admiration of all
after ages, and have survived thousands of years after all her con-
quests hare been swallowed up in despotism, or become the spoil of
Barbarians. Some diversity of opinion has prevailed with regard
to the powers of Congress for legislation upon objects of this nature.
The most respectful deference is due to doubts, originating in pure
patriotism, and sustained by venerated authority. But nearly
twenty years have passed since the construction of the first National
Road was commenced. The authority for its construction was then
unquestioned. To how many thousands of our countrymen has it
proved a benefit ? To what single individual has it ever proved an
injury ? Repeated liberal and candid discuasions in the Lesidature
have conciliated the sentiments, and approximated the opinions of
enlightened minds upon the question of constitutional power. I
cannot but hope that, by the same process of friendly, patient, and
persevering deliberation, all constitutional objections will ultimately
be removed. The extent and limitation of the power of the Gene-
ral Government, in relation to this transcendently important interest,
will be settled and acknowledged, to the common satisfaction of all ;
and every speculative temple will be solved by a practical public
blessing.
Fellow-Citizens, you are acquainted kith the peculiar clreum.
stances of the recent election, winch have reaul,ed in affording me
the opportunity of addressing you at this time. You have heard
the exposition of the principles whieli will direct me in the ful-
filment of the high and solemn trust imposed upon me in this sta-
tion. Less possessed of your confidence, in advance,than any of my
predecessors, I am deeply conscious of the prospect that I shall
stand, more and oftener, in need of your indulgence. Intentions,
upright and pure, a heart devoted to the welfare of our country,
and the unceasing application of all the faculties allotted to me
to tier service, are all the pledges that I can give, for the faithful
performance of the arduous duties I am to undertake. To the
I, guidance of the Legislative Councils ; to the assistance of the Ex-
ecutive and Subordinate Departments ; to the friendly co-operation
of the respective State Governments ; to the candid and liberal sup-
port of the people, so far as it may be deserved by honest industry
and zeal, I shall look for whatever success may attend my public
service; and knowing that, except the Lord keep the City, the watch.
man waketb but in vain, with ferret supplications for his favour,
to his overruling Providence I commit. with humble but fearless
confidence, any own fate, and the future destinies of my country.

RIO DE LA PLATA AGRICULTURAL
ASSOCIATION.

A numerous Meeting of the subscribers to this Association was
convened yeaterdny at the Crown and Anchor Tavern.
Sir J. HARRINGTON took the chair a little afterone o'clock, and
11 Mr. BARBER BEAUMONT opened the business of the Meeting.
He wouli. u briefly as possible inform them of those particulars
which it was necessary for them to knew. The Deed of Associa-
tion, the principal object of the Meeting, would then be read. He
wisaed it in the first place to be distinctly understood, that the
Association did rot owe its rise to the present mania for Joint Stock
Companies, for it had been in contemplation for eight years past.
He would in the next place satisfy them that it was advantageous
Ito the country, and then that the objects of the Association could
not be effected by other means than a Joint Stock Company. Ile
apprehended, therefore, that it did not come within the Act of 6th
Geo. I. so injurious to commercial speeulatiar.s, nor indeed could
it be censured by any individual. In 1817 a proposition was
made to the Government of Buenos Ayres for the establishment of
• Company of this kind. This proposal originated in the purest
motives, tor at that time, as many of them might remember, the
greatest distress prevailed in this country. That proposal was not,
however, then acted upon. Again, in the beginsing of 1819, a
tai nilar vapor's! woe made, and was taken into the consideration of
Congress. Since that period his proposal had been more favour.
ably received, and he had, in consequence, sent out s hundred fami.
lies, as an experimental colony, to an estate he had there purchased.
In what they were about to do they were morally and politically
right. When the population pressed upon the means of subsist-
trace, as was the case in many parts of this country, nothing better
could be done than to carry off the surplus to countries where they
might reap the reward of their labour. They would be removed
from a country where they were nearly in a mate of starvation, to a
land abounding in all the necessaries of life, where the fruits of the I
earth actually rotted for want of mouths to eat them, and where
they themselves might live in plenty, and then( posterity for
generations after them. The country itself to which they
went would be equally benefited by the acceerion.of an indus-
trious population. It was also no little pride to an English-
man to reflect that he was spreading the fame, muse, and race of
his country. With regard to the means of convey:pee. they must
be aware that emigration could not be conducted without extensive
eo-operations ; it required in consequence infinitely more funds
the. could be furnished by a private individual. The question
then was, whether Government could do it ? Government had not
shown any backwardness in advancing the necesuey funds for the
late plans of colonisation ; but that was to our own colonies, and it
could not thus act in the present case. It could, denture, only be
done by a Joint Stock Company. It could net be deemed a
nuisance, for he had already shown that it would be of the greatest
benefit. About five weeks ago he had entered into • very ad-
vantageous contract, by which he had bought nearly a million of
acres of the beat land in South America. There y ere many gentle.
nun present who hail visited that country, and elm could testify
that the province of Entre Rios, in which these mates were situated,
was the most fertile of that fertile country. The principal estates
were on the rivers Uruguay and Paraguay, with in 129 Wiles of Buenos
Ayres. There was already on the land a million head of cattle.
Maps of the country and plans of the estates erre handed round.
In answer to a question made by a Gentleman, whose name we
could not learn,
Mr. B. BEAUMONT informed the Meeting diet all religions were
tqlcrated in that country.
The deed was then read, and among other previsions was one, Ire
which Mr. Beaumont was at the dissolotion of the Company to
have one hundredth part of all the land belonging to the Company.
After the deed had been read, the opinion of an eminent
Barrister was put in, purporting, that in his (Onion the Company
was not illegal.
A Resolution was then passed, that &deed similat to that which
bad been read should be prepared for signatute.
The Melting :hen brAt up at a little before four o'elo:k.

, - .

_ .

COAL, TRADE.

COLLIER DOCKS, IN THE ISLE OP DO(ki.

•
.
A meeting ofillt large consumers of coals, the buyers, factors,
ship-owners, end others interested in the coal trade of the port of
Eiontldn, vas held yesterday at the City of London Tavern,
IlishopsgSte-street, for the purpose of taking into considetation the
most effectiie means of opposing the prohibitory clause in the Bill
now before Petliament to compel the collier■ to deliver In dock..
The meeting was vet, numerously and resrectably attended. At
one o'clock l'stant.ES BARCLAY. Es 9. was called to the chair.
The Ctrantitaw) after having briefly stated the objets of the
meeting, said, that in taking the chair he had obeyed the sum.
mons of several nits* respectable gentlemen; anti he had done so,
because he was well aware of the importance of the subject. not
only to all who were in any way interested in the coal tra.le but to
the metropolis at large. It was a Matter of surprise, that rotwith-
standing the project of forming docks in the Isle of Dogs, and of
obliging all colliers to discharge their cargoes in those docks, no
complaint had erg been made by the City of London, from whom
a complaint, if there had been cause for it, would have properly
come; but it was left to a few individual:. to find out that the
River of the metropolis was blocked up by the colliers • and
that, for the Wet& and the comfort of that metrupolin, it became
necessary to bind docks for the purpose of rqiving them; and ,
moreover. that thorwdocks should be built in thsle of Dogs. He '
' had found but one feeling on this subject In the publi: mind, and
that feeling was most decidedly against them ; Eft he wax sure
that none would oppose thin), if they thought that on principles
of free trade those docks could answer the purpose for which they
ought, in common justice, to be intended. Those who agitated the
plan say that there is no compulsion to coal vessels to enter those
docks, but they knew that sash vessels could enter no other docks,
as their expenses, although Very great, would be less than those of
others, and they knew that in the West India Docks, which were
' always full, a much greater inconvenience would attend them ; so
that, in reality, their plan would compel the coal vessels to enter
those docks, and to enter no others. He should have thought it
unnecessary to argue at all the question of expediency, but that it
had been asserted those proposed docks would be a public benefit.
He resided in a part of the country (the neighbourhood of Pal-
mouth) where he had frequent opportunities of noticing the effects
of contrary winds in obliging the coil vessels to remain off, until
two or three hundred of them were forced to enter the Channel to.
etcher. What than would be the consequence if all those colliers
were forced at once to enter the docks ? . He knew also that we in
this country sometimes experienced a continuance of frost for six
months in the year, and in such a case the consequences would be •
far more injurious than under the present arrangements. Aoother
powerful objection was, that • considerable additional epense
would necessarily be entailed on the country. He did not find in I
the Bill any calculation of this expense; but the Bermondsey I
Docks were referred to in that Bill ; and it wan stated that the ex-
pense on coals in those docks was 24. per choldron ; but would not
the sum in the proposed docks be far greater, and would they not
be attended with increased inconvenience as well as experrie ?
Even according to the calcala:ion of ffs. per chaldron, the annual
sum amounted to no less than 10,0001. The next objection was
as to the obstructions in the river ; but it• there must be an obstruc-
tion, would the obstruction in the Isle of Dogs be less inconvenient
than the obstruction in the Pool? The West India Company
had already taken the alarm, and had petitioned, on the ground ,
that if a number of barges were kept waiting, it would materially I
annoy their trade. He wished the Parliament and the people to I
consider the situation of this great metropolln—the emporium of '
the world—the chief city of &great manufacturing country—and to
consider that if companies were allowed to aggrandize themselves
at the expense of the public trade, what the result would naturally
be—what but that of enhancing the expense of every thing, neces-
sary as well as luxury ? The consequence already was, that a great
portion of the trade of London had been carried to Liverpool,
and that city had thriven because of the restriction* on the trade
of the former. It was the duty, therefore, or all the metropoli-
tan mercantile classes to unite, in order that no additional charge
might be put on, but that as many as possible might be taken off.
He had heard men of rank and influence in the other end of the
town complaining of the obstructions in the river; but they looked
upon them with a jaundiced eye ; they should behold them only
as so many proofs of the prosperity of the country. If Parliament
permitted this Bill to pass, the public would next year bear of bills
to form docks for borne vessels and for coasting vessels, which
might be very handsome and very agreeable to those who occa-
sionally went down the river to eat white bait at Greenwich. but
which would be highly detrimental to the best interests of the
country.
Mr. GILLESPIE said, that as the oldest member in the coal
market, he felt it his duty, in proposing the first Resolution, to
accompany it with a few observations, and to state what had taken
place relative to the C.immittee, which the meeting was aware was
at present sitting. The coal trade, being naturally jealous of any
attempts that :night be made to infringe upon their rights and
customs, had appointed this Committee to watch over the progress
of Parliament, and if any penal enactments should be meditated
against them, to take every constitutional step to oppose them. It
was first proposed in 1791 to form docks in the Isle of Dogs ; but
when the matter was referred to a Committee of the House of
Commons, it was found that they would be very inconvenient, and
the idea wart abandoned. The subject wan again agitated in 1812,
and it was then decided against the pmject ; the difficulty of going
into those docks being always a sufficient argument against them.
There were then four projectors of those docks, but they had now
merged into one; and of all the companies that bad ever been
formed for this plan, he never knew one which had a higher or more'
respectable Pet of directors. The public might hence *appals that..l
they were in aide hands, but however eminent those gendemen ,
might be for worth and talents, they were perfatly ignorant of the
coal trade, and it was impossible :hat they could give tbewsatter
their proper attention, as they had sufficient to do in attending to
the business at the India House, or at the House of Commons,
without troubling themselves about collier docks. The coal trade
felt, that although they would not be the sufferers, as, of course,
if they bought high they must sell high, it became their duty to
call together those who would chiefly suffer. And notwithstanding
the coal dealers would be greatly inconvenienced, tneir loss's would
not be great ; he hoped the odium of the measure would not lie
upon them. One circumstance it was important to consider, that
the coal trade were unanimous in their sentiments concerning the
Bill. He would conclude by moving the following Resolution :
" That in the Isle of Dog's Collier Dock Bill, now before the
House of Commons, n penal clangs is introduced for removing Col-
liers from the stream of the River.

•• It is expedient, therefore, that the sentiments of the Consumers
of Coals in general should be expressed (with those of the Coll
Trade), on so great a &cage in the manner of carrying on the
same."

Mr J. HENLEY seconded the Resolution.

Mr. DAVEY said, that the coal trade had been carried on in the
stream from time immemorial, and that it was impossible to carry
it on in any other way with so many advantages to the metropolis.
All who knew any thing of that trade, knew how many expebses
would be incurred if the colliers were obliged to enter the docks.
This expense rook! not be paid by the coal dealers, but by the coal
consumers; and it hpd, therefore, been a duty in those coal dealers
to call the public together, in order that they might not be blamed if
the injurious plan were carried into effect. The expense would not
only consist in the lighters having to proceed farther down the
river, but a different kind of craft would be necessary, and a larger
capital must be therefore employed. If the vessels were compelled
to enter • dock, whether they would or not, it would be a great
shackle on the free trade. The better way would be to let the spe-
culator build those docks, and allow the vessels to go in or not as
they pleased. Mr. Davey then moved the second Resolution--
" That the Coal Trade of this Port is one of the greatest magni-
tude, in an article of the most indispensable nature, and has been
carried on in the stream of the River from time immemorial."
Mr. DADICII•RD said, that it was impossible that bent tidal re-
sults could follow the building of the pmposed Collier Docks. A
vessel now frequently discharged no chaidron of coals in three
days, and the duck% could never increase this quantity in so small a
apace of time. The supply of coals to the metropolis WAS always
equal to the demand ; it certainly did happen last year that the want
was greater than the supply, but this was the fault of the harbour
muter, Who might have elented away the vessels that others might
enter. The coal trade only required two hundred vessels, and there
was room in the Pool for two hundred and eighty. It would be im-
portant to consider what the consequences must be in those docks,
if a fire were to take place, and such an event would not be impro-
bable, as the colliers were not like the West India vessels, in which
the men did not reside—the colliers were the sailors' dwellings. All
vessels coming into the Pool were now cleared out much sooner
than the law obliged them to be. but this would not be the case if
160 or 200 vessels entered the Pool at once, and such certainly could
not be the case if they were obliged to discharge their cargoes in
docks. It was said that a railway was to be built from the -Isle of
Dogs to il'hitechapel Church ; but this would be of very little
use to the inhabitants at the west end of the town. In conclusion
he would move-7

"That experience has proved the convenience. despa,ch, and
economy' with which the trade has been hitherto conducted."
111 r. Haw ES observed that the plan, if carried into effect, would
greatly injure the poor, who were already paying highly for their
coals in consequence of the port charges. He was glad to see the
Chair surrounded by coal.dealem, who, although they would not be
the prhicipal sUffevers, had discharged their duty in giring this
public warning. He then moved the fourth Resoulutlon—
" That if the statements of the Projectors of the coma Docks.
averred in the preamble of their Bill, be correct, of affording
' better accommodation for ship! and ves.els laden with Coals;
they ought to make the Dock% at their own risk, and on tie prin-
ciple of free competition in trade, and to exclude all penal enact-
ments."

Mt. BMICTIAIin then read the following petition:—
•` To the Hop. the Commons of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, in Parliament assembled,
" The humble petition of the several persons whose names are
hereunto suberibeil, being manufacturers ernplowiag steam entine‘,
and being all of them foasumers of Coals in the part of Lindon,
showetb,
" That your petitioners observe that by a Bill now before your
Honourable House. for making and constructing Wet Docks and
other work 4 in the Isle of Hogs, it is proposed to make it pens' for
colliers and vessels laden with Coals to deliver their cargoes in the
stream of the River.

" That experience has proved the convenience, despatch, mid
economy, with which the trade has been Oitherto conducted.
`•That the projectors of those Docks aver, in the preamble or
their Dill. their intention of affirrding ' better acrommodatisn'
foe ships and weasels laden with Coals, and to act on the • priociple
of free competition in trade,' and • without any exclusive psi.
vilrpe or immuoivles.'
That your pet:troners, being well aware of the additional es-

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