The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1808-04-04 00:00:00

ROYAL EXCIIANGE AsSURANCE-OFFICII,

lios.
PERSONS whose Anneal Preatiwats fall dre at
At 'AA hoglartt are Itemhp infeemed, that Receipts ore
wow seedy te he 4,:•:,red at the el•spees's ofifon, 444, the
ROYAL EXCMAM;E end is PALL MALL, as mil es
by thew sisposewe Ascots no the woes! C.amite.s ; mad the
Pathr...loared we tria,sted to apply lee the Resemai
Poolirsel, on t rjefure the 9ti ttf .4prit watt, as the earl
F,Reeft Den alloyed fie Payment, beeped the See 1/ Ads
irsit lira ezpire
• NAMtEL PENNING, Jim Seceder',

.• Attendance is gnaw, daily, at the sUd Olktts, fur the
A. it, I ..14:0! of gutadnigs, Goods 51,tralniadare, sad in
M Melt. cu. la:Yetis& !run Line ur
by Fire and *no Le Asearaace at, and pantiss As
utt,t.k. us, Lisa.
U. Pre Pekin, w ill be breed, free at Enron W
At dusted, slbne ti.c Animal Preakmai le ea. ar
upwards
Tina g

lay a pabhdhosi, Price, boatitr, ias. at tie. a dome
those oho bay them to give away, • Now Eddins, been
the avb, of
QIN E PIOUS COUNTRY PARISHIONF.II
instrocted how to speed every day *llO the whs
&unit of his life, in a religious sad rcerraM teasisab--11"
vice how to beep the Lorirs Day hay. A Conies et red
the Holy Scriptures, whereia is abets bow math they
is elelormc, all the Roles of HIROO. AA. • AA,
of Ethic:dims The il.l.esinarquesices of withholds.
ttou from Children ; Imo to subdue their Pieria
thrm a Comfort to their Friends, sad s klessior
'I he lmeta mid lane : To which an adds,'
term tloceenoss: oho, sii)l4lCO44M censer
sable, though, in Country Pttflidate,
rereirfac the Messed &trimmest atter
in the Nature of it M deerrited ; ttv
ing it euftweed AM the caroms.
elect of k answered. The se.
mum do us sonars to be a •:
rause ell must dr• Ro!es
io the Thee of Vie-Ins-us •
prepare for a happy CP
Pruned fOr 1 al.d
yard ' • it. Etsishrsis
mid Letterman
P.S. It "
sod
ledge.

I

COUNCIL.

LONDON, UVERPOOL, AND
PrStTIQNS.

We stated, in ear Report of the proceeding's of
the House of Coinnious, itsgr Paper of Saturdnill
that Counsellor Brougham summed up the evi.
deoce, given at the Bar, in otipport of the Petitions
agpitsdrthre orders iu Count', ea Friday night, in
a.i able and eloquent speech, which occupied three
hours. Front the lateness of the hour, and the
premium. of other matter, we reserved our reitort of
the Speech for this day, and now give, it e.rclu-
siee/y. . . . .

Mfr. Baoreieest commenced with expressing the
thanks of the Petitioners for the attentive hearing
which they had received,' mid with vindicating the
parity of the Petitioners from the aspersions cast
urea them. and assetauge that nothiug could be
more unfounded than any imputation of their be-
ing aetnated by party, or discontented motives;
after *inch he thus proceeded Throe who best
knew the individuals, who, in London, Liverpool.
and Manchester, have promoted this appeal to the
Honourable the House of Cottonton", will be easily
satisfied, that there is no class of men iu this come-
try more averse from impeding the measures of Go-
verde/teat. more anxious to accommodate their
views ter that of the house of Commons. er
snore willing to postpone to a more quiet occasion,
tlic applicatoon they had to make against the pro-
eeediaga of His Majesty's Goveruntent. It is not
the tint time they think they have been aggrieved
by the measures of Government, but until non that
they have email the extreme weight of those press-
ing ineaseres, which have been lately adopted, they
Nee made it a rule to stiffer in rilenee. The
Order of the 7th of Jannary, tran, was no light
matter, either is its subtotal/tiel effects, or in the
alarm which It created to these Petitioners. Their
apprelienisions is( the effects of that measure were
great and indeed ; but, confident that they
could love unthing in the-estimation of their coun-
try, by delaying to state any ob;ection to it until
tilley had first tried and experWaced its operafon,
they waited until, iii emotion with others, they
found that the inefficacy of that measure sea one
of its beet recommendations. When these new
(veleta in Council were issrwd, it was their purport
to follow the same line of conduct ; and after en-
deavouring to make themselete matters of the
meeuiag or throe I)ecrees (a step which certainly
took au smell time, our trifling degree of atten-
tion`, it wee glitch their wish to bare found them as
harmless as that of the 7th of January ; but al-
though they are very ter from flattering' them-
selves that they yet understand these Orders
of Noveinber last ; and *thorough they can inure-
Iv arrive at that knowledge, they are satisfied
that they have discovered, by acme 'effects which
they elrearly had npoa their own concerns, enough
of their nature and import, to be satisfied that they
are ruinous to them ; they hove found that if thee
had delayed any longer ranking that redrew which
they new son et. they should-only have waited,
till, instead of three Petitions. • general clamour
would have been raised all over the country, vs 'aich,
iris bed succeeded, would not here been likely to
have been attended with good effects, either to.
wards foreigners 40T these trading in our own
countt)•. They have at last resolved to come be-
fore this Howie, to state their grievaucee. and
claim that rralrees which they dean themselves
lastified ;n claiming. Sir, it is very bkely(
theateh I am unwilling to anticipate any rea
for it), that these Petitioners may be seat frith
your 11, without obtaining that redress which is
',ought for. I iiheald, however. hope that it may
matt this honourable House. But I can amour, you,
that tiotwithallanding a failure, it will ever be a
satisfaction to them, that they lime been the
means of bringing before you so teeny very im-
portant tarts relating to their nitersores; that they
finer been beard patiently. at your Bar ; and that
whatever fate their Pet,tion Bray have, they have
skew their best to enter a protest upon the Journals
of .the House against measures mere dangerous to
the trade of this country than any others ever heftier!
arlopted. Measures of this sect. Sir, are not in
their nature lout lived, and whether they are to at-
tribute their inisiry to these Orders or net., they are
aetisfied they s.ih not long continue to be leaven.
but by the renseenbrence of their pernicious ef-
fect The mew of evidence that has been adduced
at your her will remain to deter adventurous
schemers from than peruiciously interfering a jib
the trade of the vutentey, and to warn the country
nesstiost listeniag to therns should any such: counsel
be offered theme Kr. in roceedititto state the im.'
port of this mass of ender/het, it is neeeseary that
I should.ge hack, in die first place. to those deerers
of the heath Government whleh are stated to
hays leiter' rise to the measures complained of, and
between which and thaw tonsures there appears
to have been souse dispute as to the omission of the
ealasseities that hare 11:1111%. Late it. the year 1806.
Bens. parte. it wrakf appear, isa moment of cla-
ims, by no inestee unnettnal in his thee situation,
thrva.;lit of t I recree which should affict the
track. amtioaseigabrissof %Malamute, as extensively
as th,tse very Deereee which he had Waned ujoin. the
Contiaent, where he had cereated them Wier many
millions of people. This Derive was net thee for
the first time in agitation. or accounted de arty thing
of it novel naturre although termed in this country
a. a new one; it bad been tried. and manifestly
failed. Not tro go beet to the war of lnyf. I may
only observe, that iu the year Erefe the pencil/le
was broadly laid down by the French Government,
that the seizure of any manufacture or produce of
the Dritiels dominions should render the vend in
which et was famed liable to confiscation.-.
Tuo ards the end of the Amer can woe,* similar
measure was intended to he prodceecl ; but of those
I nerd not say emelt, for in the begmning of the
revolution, two Decrees. similar to this one. acre h-
oned. Of these it may he nee' eau., for me to
merema the substance. The first of these De-
crees was Waved in 170 h. and after a variety
of et:ier clauses. subjected shipe with British
goods to ensure mad detention. We find not
merely the erred of the Berlin Decree, as to
the good" introduced, but ale, time provision re-
enticing a tertiLvate at origin, as it was calked.
which was deemed a are qua num, of the *hip and
cargo being safe from detention. A similar Decree
was issued in I gun, after Bonaparte's arrival in
Treace, which was afterward: premalgotrtl, rant

remains in force. In 1797. those Decrees proximal-
ed from the c'arg to affect the ship, awl 1 hold in
my baud a Decree isseml by the Council of
Fire Hundred, enacting, that the characters
of vessels shall be determined by their car-
goes. In consequeoce of one, every yawl.
loaded in whole, or in part, with English cargoes,
ball be declared lawful prize. The second article
smith, every foreign vessel which. in the course of
her rovige, shall have entered into an English
n• shall nut be permitted alt!, any port of the
otititioeut. m
It is surely rieedlers fir sue to prove,
that although these Deerees were so promulgated,
they never were attempted to be executed after
they war* issued; the progress of our exports pro-
ceeded not •merely to increase, but, in short, to
double the amount of our imports. It is, tiere-
fore, plain. that France has, since the issuing of
these Decrees:, been cousutning much of the pro-
duce of this country, down to the period of the
Berlin Decree. flowerer inelEcaciotts these boasts
may have proved, the enemy determined once
more to try the effect of another Decree. and ac-
cordingly, iu the month of November, hilt;, he
issued that one which forms the foundation
of our Orders in Conned. This Decreo con-
sists of three branches. It condemns all car.
goes of British produce or manufacture ; it
threatens the seizure of all vessels going to
or from England ; and it shuts the parts of
the eut my aigaiust alt such vessels as have last
Cleared out Irvin the British ports. It may be
asked, what chance was there that such a Decree us
this should succeed? Was it that France should
assem:iile stsdiletily a fleet, and venture to put to
sea, am, she had not dared to do before? Was
she toatrack our fleet, which she had net formerly
dour. alai to enforce this Decree in spite of our
maritime superiority ? Or was it that, without these
preliminary steps, she was, by her mere infroetice
and great seine upon the Cootraent of Europe. to
stop all vessels sailing to or from England, or any
that contained our produce upon thy seas, and to
do that wh'ch wa. evert with'oar naval superiority.
are not able to effect 3 Safely .France bad not the
power to execute her throat ; it ought to have been
looked upon in 'metier light than a Isere menace,
which it might really have been
_hoped would not
again have taken-in those who had been so often
formerly deceived. Nevertheless, it should seem
that the eleiny calculated better than we did, for
we no sooner heard of it than we fell into eon old
error of supposing, that because it was a Flout+
Manifesto, evincing Bousparte's power on shore,
and might there have some effect,, that it was also
to have similar effects at MM. Sit," oriel ow (O-
des* in -Cwed, it appears elearly that there was
no probolslity whatever of Bcomparte's potting his
anti-threats non Execution. In order to thew this
more evidently than could be possibly effected by
any arguments, we hare brought Witnesses before
your Bar, Merchants engaged in trade with the
Continent, who have been able to state distinctly,
by dates, names, and circumstances, the means
by which thews Deere's operate. Tow much at-
tention woe bearowril upon this evidence to reader
it nircisary fur me to recapitulate it. I AMU
merely refer shortly to those parts of it
where those points are clearly ;mole outa—
la page 35 of the printed eeideuee.. Mr. ‘Vhite,
au losawaace rkiker. of the City orLoodon, in
answer to a question, whether he had oecas;on to
altimeter soy vessels d;re.:t to the Continent in the
'months of January and March last, states to this

that he iiid himself charter two
awls for Atusterdom ; the one in the mouth df
• nary. and the other in March. I.;o7. From
. is it appears, therefore, that four months after
the Berlin Decree, ten relabels were chartered to
the Continent, and lauded and soM their carries
iu safety at Amsterdam. IL says that these ves-
sels were chiefly laden with cotton, produced by
America 111114 the West Indies; be knew of their
being dischargeskaio I that the shims. ere paiilfor tissir
labour ; nod adds. that he was paid his commis-
sion as Ship and Insurance Brober ; and that this
voyage was performed safely from ~nod to the
other. In next pogo (56) the same; witness men-
tions*. first, that American ressels. prier to List
used to clear out regularly from this
mulatto, to the Coatinent, and there land their
cargoes ; And, secondly, that a considerable quan-
tity of West InUia produce had lwen taken in
American tassels, suboequeut to the Berlin Decree
in November, !eon. The same witness (in page
57) mentions other instances of voyages having
been p. formed since that Decree, and *omen'
which the cargoes of the vessels had gone to the
ports at' Spain. iu spite of that Decree, and with
cargoes of British and West India produce on
board. On King asked whether any corsid,rahle
branch of trick was carried our in this wry ? he dis-
tinctly adds, that other brokers besides howself
bad transacted similar business; speaking from
his own belief. The evidence of Mr. Bell. whose
distinct and full testimony must be in the recollec-
tion of this llonse, wits very strong. I shall only
refer to page o 2 and st, iu whir+ Mr. Bell gives
us two extracts from letters, which* lie had re-
nowt faint his correeptiedevit w ilinCentineste.
to being asked if he hail lately letters from his
correspondents in Holland, touchiag the execution
or die French ec.minereial Decrees in that erniutryt
hr *Wed, that lie had received a letter (mos his
friends iii Rotterdam. nma the 17th of September.
raying, e We are able to assure you. the late. De-
cree does not affect Americium that may have called
in Eisglead, provided they have not landed
in England. and declare the last pert that they
came from." The Decree of I P 97 w as a sub-
; mouent one to the firsts and was for the purpose
of effecting a snore vigorous execution of it. He
was risked, have you received oily letter subsequent
to that from I loilaud ? To this be answers, that on
the am of September he had one from the seine
Home, wiying, N We rep-at, shim touching in
England are rece.r.ed here as before." Saloe,iotiot
even to this date it appear. that he reiviyed one
upon the 2pth of October, brines pl ...chaos to nur
umbers in Council, and containing information
thereof. It coma-boles by sating. Prices, mean
time. seem at th, 'r level, without -A.,ne new dif-
fi,:uity or broil." 31eaning, as mlr. MAE said.
nothii,g slew /IA fly f'roui this it is ob-
vious thet prices nouiel have risen if an. new exe-
cution of that Deere had taken place. ale. Greu-
nie that he knew of tits one e
alurein tie Decree had lissis carried lute

execution upon 'Remand vessels% France. It_ap-
pear. that this Gentleman had various correspond-
ents at different places upon the Conthsent, who
wrote him, not merely touching his own commer-
cial concerns, but also upon various matters
iu which be was: indirectly concerned. They
gave him the political news of the day, so far as
they rneiuselves were in possession of it; and not-
aithstanding this, he never hal received au) such
notice for the whole year that had elapsed. From
Mr. Grenuit's evidence, then, it appears, that there
was no inteution iu France to execute those or-
ders. A Decree had been issued in Holland,
closing the Dutch ports, and laying an einleirgo
on their own trade, for the better carrying those
measures into execution. In allusion to this Do.
cree, the sorreepondeut mentions, on the -..16t1t of
February, 1:108. " the sole object of this letter is
to inform you, that all vessels arrived since the
promulgation of the Decrees mentioned in our
tUregrong, are now relearned, and even several
which have teen for many months detained iu
Flushing on their way to Antwerp, have also got per-
mission to proceed thither and discharge their car-
goes." There is another extract of a letter bearing
more directly on the point, and Mr. Grannie states,
that his information lied been confirmed by letters
on the 43th and etith of February. The whole of
these witnesses were cross-examined, and in regard
to Mr; Griamie, in particular, although it might
have appeared at first that he was wavering from
his lint position, vet defy any man to slisenver
one single atom of omtrudiction to the broad gene-
ral as.ertion on which he set out. He no less than
four times read his extract from that letter. which
states that all the vessel, arrived since the promul-
gation end. the Decrees bud been released, and he
rigidly adhered to his first hnerpretation of it, that
it meant that many vessels that had been detained
at Flusning were allowed to proceed on their voy-
age previous to the Orders in Council ; but long
subsequent to the Berlin Decree. The evidsuce
of Mr. 141ittlett and Mr. Miuiu strongly confirms
that of Mr. Bell and Mr. Grennie:. pages fits and
!es containing, with a few alterations, merely a
repetition of what had been formerly stud ultra
that points It thus appearl, Sir, by the evidence
of some of the utast respectable brokers and mer-
chants of dad country, we have a right to conclude
that time Berlin Decree was so little executed, that
vessels under American colours cleared out to ports
of the enemy's country, in spite of that and other
Decrees ; bit there is other evidence of a more
direct nature substantiating this. I should men-
tion first a. to the indirect evidence of the known
execution .4 the Berlin Decree. that remit-
tances tome over from the Continent to mer-
chants w this couutrv, and even in this House,
a year after that decree, in the wow meaner, and
in as great abundance, as at any former period..-.-
Mr. Grenniesaid, that be was accustomed to Re-
ceive in fanner years half a million in remittances
from the Continent ; and being asked if he had
experieuced a defalcation, subsequent tothat Berlin
decree ? answered distinctly, on the contrary, that
he haul 'weer before received so much, by a hundred
thousand pounds. as after the Berlin decree. The
other witnesses state the same thing, as will lie
found in pages tl3 and 65, viz. that us near as
they can Teen li•et, the remittances in the months
of January and February, limn, exceeded these in
the same months in int*, by one hundred thousand
pounds. Mr. Grelanie, in the coarse of his extensive
&mimeo as a merchant. stated to you, in detail, the
amount of the sums he paid is different years
for postage*, In page 63, yea have it in evidence,
that in the year lens, his whole postage account
amounted to 4331. In the yenr 1 (being the year
before the Berlin Decree) it amounted to 3151.;
and iu the year 1 sO7 to 6401. Now, as the Berlin
Decree was supposed to put a • stop to all neutral
commerce coming to tagland, and as this Geo-
tleitunis postage is mostly created by receiving
those remittance, fur goods arriv iag in hostile
countries, it was expected, that in consequence of
that Berlin ()error being executed. Mr. Grennie's
' postage account st have suffered a aerikation.
In leo7, the year after, it Intpcars, on the con-
trary, to have paid six hundred and furry pounds,
being 151. mare than he hail paid the year before
its issuing. Those merchants act as it were as
bankers, on account of American concerns, answer-
ing &efts made on them hi favour of manufactu-
rers. Whoa Cie.c is no interruption in the trade
with the Conti.ient, of course Mr. Grennie and
others do net Imotioar the draft on American ac-
count, unless they be tacit' doing so, by having
goods in their own hands. It is therefore a test of
those decrees, to sec how these Gentlemen answer
the drafts presented theta. Mr. Oreunie males,
that subsequent to the execution of the Berlin de-
cree, he continued to answer drafts on American
account, elf/sough be had not the sums in his
bands. trusting not as a speculative man, but
with that sort of coufidence belouging to a practi-
cal merchant. tint the Berlin decree was of no
avail ohateyer. Had it been otherwise, he would
have altered his lice of conduct it the same mat-
nen which he afterwards did, when you issued your
Orders in Ceuta-it: The only other symptoM of
the known execution of this Berlin decree, is de-
tired from the ereterios of ix:aroma., and it is the
more necessary to call your attention to this sub-
ject, as in no tete ',much of the whole circum-
stances counected with these transactions, is the
foul and gross misrepresentation to which I have
alluded so eminently conspicuous, and in no one of this subject has there been more fallacy ob-
servable. than in the construction of the evidence
as 'to the rates of insurance. Mr. Martin, page
45, Mr. Mullett. page 91. Mr. Hinckley,
page i 3. and Mr. White, page 55 of the printed
ststenteat, by their evidence, chew that on neither
branch of the Berlin decree 'did any rise take place
in the rate of insurance. It will be sufficient for
me, in order to correct those inisnewesentations to
which I have alluded, to *all your attention to the
testimmy of any one of these gentlemen. In
page 43 of the printed evidence, the House will
pereeive that tillet.4l4 .4 were put to Mr. Martin,
with a view to Lring to a determination this point,
as to the rate of insitnince. lie was asked who.
thee, in his knowledge, and in the course of his
practices, a mcrchnin, shitaing to America aid
eliarterinr and insuring it-.. is, he hal found that
the rate of insurance ro-e uft,r the Berlin decree,
upon voyage... in American ships from this cosintry
to America and back again ? and this question was