The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1822-03-14 00:00:00

POSTM ASTCRS-GENERA

Lord NORMANDY ruse tu fulfil Ina protnieed two-
t' . tic expressed his satisfaction at bring relieved
in the conduct of it from any. possible supprwitien ,
gF dto,i.g it from personal or snaddhoosesottees; h
4.d. ddetudted‘turrely by tier anise of She great eiri•
gede..id:s of the: prrut, which required every Mem-
her to !oast out specifically. wit he ear lil do
t, nury. d.iiiceswhich could be 'pared in old of tbet
..,(..--robich was so grisecally wanted. ills motioo
h::•1 another iiilrstaitage, the objects containing now
ti.rig of that hardship which many other reduction.
..1 very f)-ce ..posry economy had inflicted open
the holilets of the anuatious, where to/defier
sr...anis' of the public, who had spent their
yovili and health in the setwier, had been deprived
of the means of tile. Those who held the ram
to which his Motion referred, were so circutaatapeed,
both as to rank onti.cluiracter, that Use House bay.
lug once decided. that thsir services-could be dia..
penaed with, they would be prepared cheerfully so
bObotit to that decision. Nor did his tootles
isielude any suggestion of blame to Geveroageot.
The regnlstious of the P.,al-toffire were pa perfect as
any establishment could be. No. prole .could be
too high for the nitrite of the seri*, astptayea to
it, and the seal to be woeful and abialippg to all •
who had hastiness with the estikil ' t ma the '
part of the efficteni head of it (Mu readiits). was '
r
_• Qoversarent
a OW place of
it wp it
these which .
Ow mans.
iir . 111161■11 I

'that Gevernmen't 'Would volutiterily
as olletierhiesh beleaged to their peezil
sat Atli* istilijhitim Of the dm* of its.
;21114111141:g.k sod tithsf !be'
ost rk. tau .
.erotihr*
be
i lt des Joe new onettinst
Irbil* he' Mai to agitate. it had been twice
erme he 41511.11-4reeisle :Wale teed-
here referred to Mr. 13unkes's Post Office Bill ; trot
In whet usi his *Nervations applied,
.pot to be
thimeiY eiiertiiiied- ter thy gatlery.] ...He quoted in
•
tetrad .ropos are 'of the &parts' of • a Floosies
Committee, which stated it to be the opinion of the.
Committee then it was possible (with ohm degree of.
safety or detriment to she public interests was not
determined) to hire the tlutiecof the :two Vets.
nmeters.Geueral dose by one, and the glary of the
othereeved. Witold the Howie be lea iceitoreicul
new than in 1818 Of ID 1813 ? Frets the ittfOrles-
tiros which be hid *Noma with respect to this
office, it appeared, that soon titer the Union the
office of Postioaster.Clepeol, created slider the
eneetasest of Charles It., was mattiolidated: the
office •f. &etch Peetiosisim •being then elinlished :
it AIN declared, thsit the bosii•Ms df the of ce
should be conducted under one reinter, who was to
hew the besies style, and title of Postmaster.
General. He knew not by what legel subtlety
it mold be contrived' to make two Post-
masters out °filth cos 'squired by the Act.
The passages itnesediately felicitates in the Act de-
sctibed the Pootsesster as •• be," et -4, he sad his
deputies"... stsgsslar controst to the :poxes of the
modern title, " Their Lordships the Poetinasters
Picteltml," gad ea on. The tomer •badietaltbing
of Augustan propriety is. it; at hest it was good
English, which the letter was not. .The Act of
6th Arnie. arid °thereof the sequent
.periride, preyed
that the Houle had bein made sulfirieletly alive. to
make she crest ion. of 'footsie,. rely diTheelt. It was
reasoosble that the most should be then mode of the
old odes. The patronage of the Post.effee was con.
skived as quite large enough to divide among ten
person. The prolits were chiefly medic op of
pensisitet "sod frosorshich were of easy dovish*. Hut
it sppeared that the Postmasters of those times, star.
leo the swig* of 0eb..1. end gnat pert of Geo: If. sc•
tdelly did the butaness of the office. He found the
name of Cornirallis among the dignified sieves/rifts
and greed's, who butiheld the while the nerves
of Walpole and others, men of real business, mind
the Feeetengs of • their stay, proved that the
dirties of the office were not left, es at pre.
sent. to the Secretary the actual creation
of the two sinecures was not lentil long -lifter.
The ears of proof with regard to his mono. was
much lightersed by the notoriety of the fact that
the Postmaster-Getter'. did no duties whatever.
His proposition would net, therefore, go so far as
to km abolition of both places. He woo aware of
the use of 'a high name wherewith to head a depart-
ment if any importance. He ridiculed the swims
of two Postmailtere-Gentral being seremory•fer the
due toiletries' of ibis branch of the revenue, or that
they could act, as had bees suggested. in defence of
them places ma checks one upon the other. NO
man ita hit settees could credit sae:* a prow,-
sition. Some weight, it was trme lied bees
given to that opinion by the Finance Committee
of 1817, who bed reported that the dutiei of the too
places could not, without disadvantage to the pub.
tic interests. be intrusted to one individual. But
surely. if this argument were good, it would street
all the other deportment.. They must Alen have
two First Lords of the Treasery. and the same for
the Admiralty ; even the Treasurer of the Navy
neat have his double, though as far was he front
being ouly half an officer, he was actually two
whale ones. He did not ray it invidiously, being
aware that the Hon. Gentleman fulfilled one office.
of considerable duties, without salary. The ergo.
ingot had bees actually used, and failed, in saving
the office formerly of Joint Paymaster of Forces.
He explained the inconvenience which had been
experienced by Mr. Palmer in the Post-office from
the frequent changes. of the Posimasters.Gr:oeml,
on account of political causes. Thera were its Mr.
Palmer's time no less than eight of these changes
in seven year.. These cams were nof now is opera.
tion, however, and he would ask nothing for his ar.
gement ou account of them. But now as to the opi-
nion of the Pinnace Committee, which he had read.
He would oppose to it a niece of evidence quite as
respectable taken in 1797. Lord Chesteifield was
examined as to the duties of the two Pos.misters,
and being asked what would be the effect if they
should differ in opinion as to the regulation., he
replied that-such difterefice was not comm n or of
likely OCeriffetiCe ; hilt if it should happen,
supposed Chet the junior Postmaster-Geheitsl would
give way to she senior. So that the public were
called on to pay 4,600 i. to enable s Noble Lord to
give. way to a Noble Earl.—(Laughter.)—That the
duties were not very oppressive, he gathered from
the fact that during sonic time iii lele, 1813, and
1814, one of the Postroaisters was engaged in di.
phonetic business abroad. The Si otch Post-offiee
was under the same regrilstinos as that of England.
The Irish Post-office was conducted snare expo
.sively than the English. If twirPostrnair ere were too
much fur Englund, certainly that number must be too
greet for Ireland. There would hr real business for
one, bur if it would forma any inducement to one of
those •Noblemeo to reside
.et home, he would here
no objection to allowing such on inducement.
He had conducted his motion with • view to the
necessity of economy, and by no merits involving
the question of Crown influence—a question upon
..which be would give his opinion whenever it
should be • brought forward, but not now. If
his motion were resisted because of the seeming
encroachments on the patronage of the Crown, he
, should consider that he had a jest right to cram.
plain. The excessive coat-nen. of the war had
,created a great taxation, the march of events "hod
.oilestly and gradnalle increased the influeni:e'of the
Crown. Any Nervous ahrm or morbid fear *?dimi-
nishing the Salome* of the Crows mast be ridicu-
lous. The question was reduced to a :unit* corn-
. peas of argument; it sous merely u qeestiod if the
Hoses, muter the existing distreoper, was fowled. in
the framed eetnestness is effect elf possible econo-
my. Woe the vote given by them on a tosser
.aiglit to be mouldered op the hest econtimicat divi-
dend le be paid to their tarnstitseats, or was It 10
bow dbetiorge is fell of all tbeit mbfigatiese its that
hied! Medici ant wish te' bald tbeurby the rate
of the previous sight; bat the proseat ease mutt
asedribiager Mtti if thee was to ill the hello.

sr

MI

• .. • .

iiiillllll

sing Goa main °fail their prelmaione. much bet-
ter bad it *AO for them to Mee voted o simEle eye
on the Miter side, shwas* the eritroilAr"lela-
Won by •thiit preemie, of mammy which they bed
no intention to He froPeatio have the
vote of his .Honoara I Felted. the Member for
Yorkshire, who hod *glared that he mould rote
'Ter. the reduction- of triry lefeee cirnistair with
thr iliktY of the State. 4 hi* Honourable Friend
(he regretted hit absence atligginontentj should op-
pose him. it could only be is the ground that two
Paltmssters-Georral were nekeisary to the wtfrty of
the' country. He hoped, after sell that had been
said about reduction generally, that the House
would not reject a specific proposition for that pur-
prier. end agree to the tontinnance of the Office in
sfellattee of public opinion. in derision of the public
aufretings, sod in contempt of their frequent profet-
*ions of public economy. He mowed the following
Resolition :—r
" it is rim opinion of obi, Hoene that. arithent detriment
to the public terrier, the desks of Joist Postmaster Gene.
#tt lied be does by one isilivWoik sod Mot the salary of
flee other might be thereby idoette the public."

Mr. F. lioattmoN could not agree to confine
the view of this question to the. mere princiole of
economy ; the proposition of his Noble Friend
was sceotnpenied with si suggestion that the same
course should be taken iu respect to other esteblish-
mints. The question of the influence of the Crown,
and proper Imitation of it, became necessarily in-
volved. The safety of the State might be in no
danger from the reduction of this or any other
office; but it might be essentially endangeted if
this proposition were to be followed up in regard
to all the otletireetabhshments. It was an argu-
ment which subjected those who held it to some
derision, to merutaio that from the experience of
all mankind in 'all history and all times, some in-
fluence most be kdged with the power of the State
to emery -on its operation* for the public good.
If it were. argued that more ahem existed than
heretofore. he imintained that they were necessary
to meet the counteracting circumstances which now
opposed an irresistible barrier to the undue increase
of the influence of the Crown. He contended that
that influence, both direct and indirect, was much
less than ever were conferred with the direct and in-
direct influence of public opinioo. There was an
extension of political information going on in the
eoustry which he rejoiced at, but which certainly
tended to evoke the operationsofClovernment mote
difficult. The responsibility of a Minister was
said to be less than formerly; it •war ter, thou-
sand times greater. There might not be the same
hazard of life unit fortune, bat at every turn of
the streets you might hear the most Inquisitive and
active scrutiny into the acts sod general character
of the rulers. Thii, Which he was ready to hail. as
• great blessing, incresied the securities fur good
behailour and office, and caused infinitely lets gel-
&knew in them Wren ever. He objected to the
motion, because it did not involve the question of
the influence of the Crown, as the 'Dolton of the
Member for Shrewsbury, for expelling pl.cemen
from the HOW, bad dour. They might be derided
for opposing specific redaction, when they prefessed
their willingness to reduce generally. He must
oppose the reduction of any expense necessary for
the-due aseinteoacce of the State, and therefore he
gave the motion hie negative.
far. GUltalle thought that the House wonld
eternally disgrace itself, if, after dismissing such
a number ol° petty clerks and useful indium),
servants, they continued this job of 2,500/. a year
to make one Noble Lord concur with another No-
ble Lard on the deities of a sinecure office.

A Member on the Ministerial side under the gal-
lery said, that he would 'vote against the motion.

Sir J. S.EBRIGHT had received much personal
kindness (min our of the noble persons in this
oHlcr. He had acted with him in several ca.
oscines iu the county of which he was Lord
Lieutenant, and had held the office fur nearly half
cetitury with the greatest honour to himself. But
he was there not as an individual, but to vote in
trust for the best interests of the Sate and his con-
stituent.. He admitted the excellent management
of the Post-office, and the well-known merits of
Mr. Freeling; hut none of these consideration.,
nor even the gratitude he owed to the noble person
to whom he had alluded, could prevent him for
voting for the reduction of an office proved to be
so useless.

Mr. 11. Semmes PO. that at a late meeting in
' his county. the distresses of the country had
been ascribed to taxstion, nod • deinaiiii was
expressed •in the course of the proceedings for
unsparing retrenchment. If he had consented
to receive instructions as to !heir views, lie most
have voted to bring nitio-ures of reduction into
operation, which would bring about great evil. He
did not know whether two persons were necessary or
not ; but Sale motion were acceded to, it wmild be
applied to all the departments of the State,—
(Cheers from the Oeproatiuti.)---%Vhs, would
Gentlemen really wish to do that ?—(Cheers.)—
Was that rashly their interitionl—(Clit ers.)— f so,
he would not girstoSig with them pod degrade him-
self by endeavouring to reduce the inflti, rice of the
Crowe, which was alleatly too low. Ile would op-
pose the motion on that general principle.
Sir J. Yoace hoped that be was not more sub-
ject te the excitement of popular opinion than tile
Hon. Member ; but after the part he had taken
with regard to the two Lords of the Admiralty,
and considering the office of a steno(' Postmaster.
General was *Airless, lie must vote for the motion.
As to the effect of the reduction oil the influence
of the Crown, he thought that it was but a pour
plea to bolster up the power of the Crown by
half • dozen useless places. He thought Ministers
should have given way on this ma well as 011 the
question for reducing the Admiralty Lords, the
suggestions of the Honourable Baronet, who had
according to hits own statement filled one of those
situations so eminently, notwithstanding. There
Could be no moon for having two Postmasters
General.any metre than for having two first Lords of
the Treasury and of the Admiralty. Ihe multiple
was of Most unfortunate application. if they could
agree to keep mocha three =oath. and three months,
they night be allowed to take one salary and divide
ft betweio diem. He might be wrong in his view of
the question. bat !primal(' support the motion.
Me. MP mai ',lliad not Woe spoke. bet that
ike mode "wed by hill Hootroruble Colleagoo
were used by hi. et' the Sur County kleirbreg,
Mu "'eat Dot lay oat it Par !brit adO4

-

IN

~~~

. •

he dyed act to say in it. ryebeggea ICst>ae to
repeat his assert ;on, that the distresses ot the'cOof try
retried the most ',unsparing retrenchment. His
opinion was that the infineoce of the crown. had
greatly increased, especially silk* the public dis-
tresses had made the upper classes so dependeut on
Gtutavonstiat for theattpply of their luxuries. The
Red Book and the state of the revenue were proofs
how gr►stly the influence of the Crown had been
increased. Hi objection to The inotisin, if any,
would be. that it did out go far. enough. He
thought that both °Sees might be done ewev,ittid
the business could dove by the Secretary. having
placed she Pied -oillett rode, the TreAsury. He
again repeated his assertion, that unsparing ►e-
iveochttteut was necessary in every department of
the State.

Mt. FREMANTLE wee decidedly hostile to the
motion. It was admitted that no office couW be
better managed. The Noble Lord did not 'soh to
involve the question of influence. The questioJ
then was. narrowed to the mere awing of 2,5001. a
year. He thought the safety aril honour of the
country concerned. The Flon.e ought to consider
the general operation of the office altogether on the
country ; ancient institutions, licit bail existed ler
centuries, sod were needful f • the interests of l'he
State, ought .not to be ahrogit d. It coolaletiot he
pretended that the saving wo Id give relief in the
amount of a f4ribing. The hie Lord ought to
have shewn mismanagement, or improper influence
in ihe management or the appoit ttttt rot. The in-
fluence of the Crown was No far from bring increas-
ed, that it was ',owned to that degree that it wus
stow almost impossible to covey on the business of
Government.

Mr. S. WORTLEY having been referred to in his
absence, took the opportunity of expressing his
opinion on the subject. He had certainly said that
he would vote fur the reduction of an otriecessary
offices. He might vole for the question; bot how
was he to ascertain, after the cieclardtioos of the
Hon. Gentlemen, how far these reductions were to
go? A week ago there were two places reduced—
here was another to-alight, and to-morrow the whole
office was to be subjected to discussion. Unless
they were inclined to adopt those unsound views of
reform which were now ao generilly proclaimed—
unless they were of opinion that they ought to
make the Coustitutims approach nearer to • re-
publican form, they ought not to make such an
attack on the sources of Crown influence. He had
voted fur the reduction of the Lords of the Admi-
ralty, because it had been recommended by the
Cotnmitt•e of Finance, and he was anxious to snake
• sacrifice to appease the irritation of public (mi-
nims. But if he was to be led on step by step,
from one such vote to another, he must make his
stand somewhere, and he would do it ow this
motion. So long as establishments and influence
were necessary to the Crown, he would not
consent to have them beat down. If his con-
stituents required a Member to do that for them,
he was not the man ; he came forward to do his
duty secording is hts best ability, and he must
think as meanit• of himself if he were to give up the
interest of the State to the demands of popula► opi-
nion, as he should do if he were to sacrifice the
liberties of the country to the corruptions of the
State.

Mr. BANIES had heard the practice justified of
upholding useless offices that night on principles
winch he hail never beard uttered in Parliament
with as much daring bcf.ore. Useless places to he
be kept up for the influence of the Crowu ! He
liud learnt to suppose from the best authorities he
had..ever known in that House, that the Crown was
entitled to a large and legitimate influence wising
out of suffices essentially connected with and neces-
sary to the existence of Government. That influence
in 14 monarchy ought to he con.iderable, cud should
be more at the dorm), it of the Crown than it was
at present. Toe Bill which had been mentioned
by the Noble Mover, and which he had brought in
two yesrs ago, bud the eoneurrence of his Hon.
Friends opposite, and particularly of his Hon.
Friend on the second bench (Mr. Fremantle)
(" Hear, hear !" from the Oppositiou.)—He was
not a litile surprised at the time of that Hon. Gen-
tleman on the present question. He was of opi-
nion, that so far from the influence of the Crown be-
ing strengthened, it was much weakened by alleles.
places. All offices were ins certain degree grievance:,
and the least apology fur them ought to be their
necessity and list fulness. He was astonished that
his Hon. Friend who spoke last (with whom he
generudly had concurred and acted) should think it
necessary to deniand from Members OJ' that
House how far they meant to go, before he
could bring himself to vole for the redos-
tion of • oat less place. It was a very strange
question to put to a Member of Parliament.
. Nat a single argument having Inset) urged in defelice
of this office on the grounds of its usefulness, but
the resistance to the motion being founded solely
oti the general principle of its necessity, as a sup-
port to the influence of the Crown—feeling, as he
did, that the duties of the suffice could he fully dis-
charged by one Postmaster only, and than the retitle.
Lion of the other could in no way affect the tialur-I
and just influence of the Crown, ari•tmg out of its
legal authority to appeint persons to till the nume-
rous efficient offices (Attie Suste—lie thought it was •
duty imposed on all, but ninre purlieu 111 If on him-
self, as this office was one of those ineutioned in the
schedule •ooexeel to the Hill brought w by him in
1813, to support this innnom, and he could nut an-
ticipate that the decision of the I louse could be
otherwise thou in favour of this reform.—(Loud
cheering.)
Mr. Pxot. said, his Noble Friend who opened
this proceetitog had argued it exilusively as a ques-
tion of usefulness and economy, and en. followed
by his flight Honourable Friend (.Jr. F. Rubin-
son), who argued it as a question of principle, set-
tail( aside the considerattou of the efficiency or in-
efficiency of the office, and coutendifig that
it was necessary to the influence of the Crown.
But the Hon. Member who had just spoken was
mistaken if he supposed it to have been for omit
moment conceded that the office was inefficient; be
(Mr. Peel) did not understand his Right Hen.
Friend as admitting that the office was an useless
ewe, but as arguing it on the general ground of the
effect of its abolition on the Influence of the
Crown, and saving the other question. in the sib,
servatious ishieb• be was *boot to rebook SO the
House, he sboeld !Ureas himself Rest to the
question of the usefulness of the aim, stud secescify

Mini

tothe•Consiaeritidn of how
airtnn) ;dui tteitts.leckii
sonnfiegt necessary
Crown.
rroyor rosert.,
tolliThsle'eemed,aaiiiiteooliklidniutir:etteointflt,ttihwtienotjuiedtdint not alonewfaciromp
out
btu,:
tieseot argistr iet chit it should not be re-
duced if the circumstance* which rendered
memory iu the .outset had ceased to eStit;
but be thought they /would be &mid of some
weight in the consideration of the usefulness of tl:•
office. If it were one which had sio
the corcitosstirneei of a sear, or of any otistuuhnter,ohitiouic:trhed.i
easy oe,..,,frebre, who was there that would say that it
ought to he tniiintanied after the necessity by whici%
it had been created should have ceased ? rut
downs* l of any proposition of reduction of
office., they were constantly referred to the year
1794, us the petind the scale of which *pre.
rented
eitiltiecopumstpeanrilystaun.eddardwo.f, reit
as had brew created since that period ought to
abolished, and that all salaries ought to be lowered
to the rate of the establishments at that
witting therefore, by necessary inference, the
• priety of keeping up such as were then in
Now he bad referred not (silly to the period
1794, lout he had gone us far back in his refrrrrc,
as 1692, and found these officoi existing in their
present roux and number, so long ago les that
date. It might he said that perhaps the du-
ties of the office since then were so Mild.
changed, and had been an much diminished, se to
render one of them no longer necessary; but
at all event', it was natural that that fact should be
ascertained before the House was called upon to
vote for the reduction. He would ask the House
then to look at the iodine of the duties, as Affected
by the unioinit of the revenue which the office Ws,
duced, and of the litter were found to have tzritit-
ally increased, he would maintain that to be a
strong argument in favour of the efficiency and 11.-
r:essay of the office. The Right Hon. Geoolermui
then rend a itatetnent of the amount of the vr .r:v
revenue of the runt Office from the year rtti,
when it was only 430,000/. ; in 1783 it ns.
434,0001.; in 1793, 627,0001.; to 179.5, 705,00/.;
tit 1815, and mitre, it was upwards 01 2 000.00 w.
As for, therefore, as the duties of the office dein:tot.
ed on the amount of the revenue, which aa,
to pled since 1764, they must have been very vein..
ly increased. Ha admitted that Ors was a dul:
Slew of the question, but he was arguing it nit tie
basis on ethics, his lionoursble Friend (%I r. flankr.)
wished it to be maintained, namely, whether it
was a beneficial office; and even on that lee
maintained that it ought not to he oboli•lied. But
he would refer the House on this part of the (po-
tion to an authority which he conceived to be tame
all dospute—that of the Coqumittee of 179:f,
which he had never heard spoken of in that Howe
but in terms of the highest encomium, %Aleut e,.
ference to party feeling of any kind. What pod
the Report of that Committee ? " That the
duties of the office were of a most finite:often.,
kind, that it would acquire importance with
the increase of commerce, and that it would be .
worthy of emisidelation whether the establish-
ment of a Board of Commissioners on the plan of
the other departments of the revenue would not teed
to the improvement of the mode of and
conducting the business." The Cio 11111 l otter of
1797 suggested, it was true, a modification of the
office ; but what was the plan which they recom-
mended ? A measure which would have reatir
increased the patronage and influence of the Crowt.:
for if five Commissioner* were appointed, at i,ooni.
a-year each, the expense to the country would re
no greater than at present. But even on that narrow
ground the patronage would have been more ri.
trotted. If therefore any base considelatiou ars.
tronage had actuated the Crown, it would lido:
adopted that recommendation rather than has,
kept op the old establishment of two Pot.
masters at a salary of 4,300/. each. Tde
office. of Postma.ter-Generel was comodered ss
one of great patronage from the number of ap-
pointments within their gift. But what was the prop"
which bad been hrougbt forward by one Hon Geidlent,,
Thal the whole of the duties of the office should he trait.
(erred to Mr. Freeling.l-(Hese, hear;—aid that the pahno•
age should be exercised by she Tteatury km
He had no wish to min:ems...rut what the Hun. Geuilmose
had stated, ur to pi e clude him from the opportunity of ox.
ploioina his measiuz; bulobeis the Hua. Gentleman pens
pined to traveler the office altogether to Mr. Freeing sod to
the Treasury, he could come to no other conclesion than
that he intruded to vest is one or the other all the palmist.
at present is the heeds of the Postmasters-General. He in.uld
ask whether any fault could be found with she admittiorz-
ti of the business of the office in say one of Its brioche,'
Ii had been admitted es all bands that it was coeditor!
most advantageously to the public; sod was it then Gu to
transfer all the merit of its regularity, COOVl'llifilfe, and di.-
patch, to an inferior officer of the Board. and to deorritoe
the beads of the department se tueffitirnt ; He roits,der,d
the (hate, of the office to be of a most importdot allure, ois
connected with the amount of the expvtoninre fur tbeesto-
blioloment. The reveane culls eied iu the h hole deportment
was little more Hem 5,000,0001.; but the expenehi!uie
amounted to ao less a mem than 500,(00/. every pa,ntrat
of which was made by the express authority of the Just
Postmasters-General, Mr„ Burke bad never supposed the
duly of these officere to he so great as evirely ti weary
the tone of Ilse iudividuils who held them ; sod eat
he said there were only two officers ..f Stile which
would touch, asmely, the thirst Secretary of State.+, red
the Board of Control, and made nn mown.' I.!.,tlever.o:
niite:vecProuncessiimiriaaresattaeriogasiGt:On the e.uunJs whirl he had a 1r 1. :
He mow approached the other branch of the (pie.lent, which
ha touched with great diffilenre, from his cuu.i tom of
importance, sad because he reit that she bare dioritssoun of
nithentate.bjiteelltilainuvgolve she
drogue
the in a
time country.
p trypivieot;
cliffic•lt was it to describe the just Waimea of the Cross.
But if he found an office established at the period of she
*evolution, and rensai&ite untouched by the wisest m's,
and the greatest economists the country loos known, that
he should my was one which it WWI lint adVh.i'le
to touch. He had heard doctrines broached in tin:
House daring the present 84.11161011, such as had rover been
beard before. He had braid from the Honorable Member.
for Sandwich (Mr. Marryait) as argument, that so be latd
fused it amatory, from the diminution or trade, to downs
four clerks from his own private establishment. therefore it
was necessary to dismiss a considerable number of the per. •
sons holding sintatioes is the public offices, where the int,4•
mess was sot snlitelrat to give ober full occupation. Bet be
(Mr. P.) Dever mold admit that the same principle of RP'•
lanes amid apply to the vast sad complicated usasagemest
of public "Aces as governed any private establishment.
Me had heard from the. Homserahle Member for Applrb,
(111r.Creesry), that me prorate/a shootd be mode for public
servants so their retirement from office; he bad herd
demands of every kiad for the redaction of every aver.Pll"
at Mere, bet made la seek • amoaor as totally to overlook
twee, Wag that had hems does in art way of economy tied
retrewelsaienr, sod supported by argameals which led
.le
Ibis remlt, that the poloist Alm ef the Stale should le
gins be I hose who Were Willie' to Iddlderbill all others la Oil

e
I he
Lrr
I 1( f
4.4114

uots
the•

to pi
Stab
glad
SPrvj
1.4 k

re•a vs • .rw w.m• m“ 11,01• .4. Is VMS/ if
knolea. Ile had ho biome for G
oh oceouut of she tontinuAnce of I've
:unit Pingonaolier-Geuer4l; job on it
n.d been rounnued uu through dm
alight be coiled pool times to tb
It, woe rather too much to expect
• ?•4
1,11401,,
• 4

_~

hick 1 refaireA or
goosed of aalarY "a" .1161111=d . • he,-
others me drat they shatald IP* in the Imscla of ewer
c, G. *taby us to be itswated to bold them, grarldi-
*ho e •njoon sod such arminieuts wise ke.
twsiefrsl Medi i bat
view". of wise and practical Well.
." sowht rot to steep". the
tlf,l3arke maistaired that theapublic
°ull
These yrere nut the only
yistaltoes enviers et say .h.
cossidtrations which affected t se Oration, bet there were
isasy others of intone iimpertascie which ought
halsai to
s it.
ioukrd at. It should he absented. 11411 ai ad the
establishment had always existed without any ificiemse, yet
the telecom of the appointmest bad it fact been greatly
decreased by the ;Named basilicas sad respousibibty of the
office. That was in feel the rase is tear* department of the
t
bre we. The business of the Treasury had merea set
eightfold lase the year 1703; the influence, therefore, newt
lure decreased Is the same proportion ; and be would ask
•:irther it would be edvjeable fur the inflame object of dm
Nm 11 _
prettistary sari's; which the abolition of were of ?ono
effices might effect, to risk, be vroteld liot say the safe y of
the Craws, for Ilse was out the location, hut lb* valid and
sehstardSl altercate of the consul ?—(Heer.)—lf in this
Maumee they determined to reduce the faineant of the
Crown, by ceiling down this office, biome it did not fully
occupy the time of the individual, the mute principle
lead theta to decrease list indite/me in other eases, audit
woo impossible to draw the lice by which their peoceedisage.
is tbin direction would be bounded. He concluded by ;wing
his decided negative to the mutton.
SW J. MACKINTOSH said, he haul heard noyeitie• in
constitutional doctrine ad el that night which Sad never
bees so dishartly avowed before ; novelties which eissed at
the root of the eolllliiilltintl of the country; novelties which,
if acted uplift, would go farther towards metiers's' the
established cooditmioa of the nation, than any which he
had overheard is that House. Principles such as these, of
the neresoity ref keeping op useless offices of State for the
sake of preserving the influence of the Crows, wee* never
roosted in say ouc of the debates in Mr. Berke's ties. That
authority only excepted the great (Agee of the State from ;
the operation of his measure., because Is conceived them
iseessareiss affurdieet the mesas of for persona
in the higher departeents of office retiring from the politic
service foe whom no other provii.iori at thert ties existed.—
But a Neale of pensioas having bees adopted fur the
purpose of prosidiug fur persons of that de.criptioa, the
Right Honourable Gentleman (11r. Peel) now cam-
teuded that the sinecures also eucht to be kept up fur
the purpose of upholding ese itinerate of the Crown.—
The Right Lion. Gentleman hail ingeoriottsly attempted to
divert the alteration of Gootlemesi from the real question
octet_ the House, which was, not whether thee defies of
both the Poslasseters-Gesseral were to be iranefeeted to
Frieling, but whether the seemed was nr was sal
necessary ; said it was said that both ought so be kept
op, because it was the ancient form of the establish-
ment. Bret 'hit was surely a attune argument to address
to the Huu.e of Common., who, b within the last ten yeses
bail abolished some of the most ancient offices in the km*
doe, some of which were coeval with the Planner:tete. As.
other argument for Malaise both the officers was, that Wry
niated in 1792; bat the Tetlersbipa of the Exchequer, and
the Justicesbips is Ere also existed at that period, and yet
they bad been abolished since !hell, because they were
to be useless oaten. They were also told that
the revenue had iocreassd fivefold since 1761, and, there.
fore, they were now more necessary than at that period.
Bat they were out told that the two Postninotersbips were
Oct no. sufficient; use one had restored to say they were
too few, surd yet if they were enough to discharge the duties
of the (rifler at the present slay, really the appointment of
one at least must have been a gross job at the former pe-
riod, and the existence of both then was no argument for
row eoutinuaece slow. The Richt lion. fie nilerami Said it
nodal be a dreadful step to give the patronage of the
effice to the Treasury; but a report was wee y prevalent,
that the transfer had already lit en wade.—(Hear, bear.)—
The, however, was not the proposal of leis Noble Friend,
lust that ern of the °Seen should be retained with an in.
roue sufficient to make it worthy the acceptance of persons
the highest rank. The referewee of the Itieht Hornier-
able Gelat:no to opinioe• which had be ti maintained,
sad argenreirts which bad been arteaneed in former dr bates,
•ar wither regular nor eatioresiont io parliamentary
rractree. as lesiloig to diaceissinem wholly apart film
the que-tion lief... the Hoes. Ile would take the li-
berty of rensund,oz those liononrable Members who had
declared their deternerteition lie vale fur measures of
erononty and ref reaelienent, of the (misrule use winch slit. ergs.
ment was placed by the Right Hun. Gentleman. They
were toll that the iiifluenre of the Crown could only be sup-
looted by keeping up the us. less office* now emoting. A
pr.nriple was thereby set up which would he a bar to any
furore redoctioo, and to any future investigation so to the
pricticability of farther redrecirins. It the adopted
that principle it wristlet make it inctus-istent in them to
examine into any other office, sad vote fir its relui
b./Welter isiefficient it might be proved. The way in which
the Honourable Member for Curfe Cantle (UV. Haute.) had
treated the general question of the ietterire of the Crown,
was ealeedated to carry conviction along with it. The only
constitutional influence of the Crown was that which nate.
"4 ',mem* of its legal authority to nominate the persons
who were to 611 the efficient offices of the Sale, those fur
tl e colleetio• of the revenue, and in the army, the navy,
the law, ad the church, which had hitherto been held by
tie highest antlimilirs to he sufficient fur every conetitutional
repose When it was pn,pessed to reduce any one useful
office in order to diminish the infloeuee of the Crown ; when
it was proposed to give up a colony, or any other valuable
public possession foe Hint pnrpose, then, indeed, it
might with iodise be arid, that the attempt by such
weans to diminish the Mfluence of the Crown was preg-
nant with danger to the Conaiitutiou of the eumitry.
The, hail tern uwp,ii log in their dismissal of clerks from
the public officers, who fealty had strong claims on the
equity, not to say the compassion of the House; and it
6'64 be a (11.'1 neeu-ssity that drove Minister+, to isPheld,
rue the bare Keene, of the influence of the Crows, sn sullies
which he woold undertake to say wee shrilly aradrea.--.
note Oho voted for the inotioa, plaited themselves to
welder hot the opinion, that an actually useless Ake
ought .not le be maintained ; those who voted against it,
pledged themselves against the reductims of any office which
sleeted the Marlene. of the Crown. The Honourable
Member (Mr. S. Wortley) alto was willing to make a stead
here, Pledged himself nut reduce soy office, however useless
It night be fooled, fur so *Are could be more useless than
the un- ;n inert•
Mr. C. W. WYNN opposed she motion. We enelerstond
list to 4,1 that the Buis of 1812 sail 1813 bail proceeded
epee very different greened He bad srippos lel them,
Gat suit as mere measures of economy; fur he should
have opposed them had they not been accompanied by
measures esealelishimg a provision of snit her kind for per-
wnt from the !Millie feeele • in the higher rillir es of
the State. But the noise whirl) p•evailed its the Hone. f
blenelien leaving their sets, and urinated cries of "Order!
eviler! lisr.harr and cuotinned cougbmg. prevented Um
Honourable Member'. argem-tits from reaching Ike Finery.
The Marquis of LONDONDERRY defended 11w priori.
pe of stresigthening the influesee of the CBO.ll by mesas of
the en or 50 offices of this kind within its tuft, as the uuly
rapine by which the machine of the GOVlrtinient could he
k." 14 ti•mg. He thought if his Honourable Friend (Mr.
Renter; had been aware of the efforts which Mitesters
Cl,. saOttae for farther reduction by the extinction
of some office', and the seaulatiew sad reiresichiag of others
in every department, be weight have been the last
man ho ebaree them with birdie closed the chapter of
r 1111 l nehmen!. He cootended that this leestion wart sot 'to
he waked of is a !Paltry, mean, mad preimiary view, hat that
it ought 'it be looliml at is the light in which it had hies
'1.1.7rd by thou new *bow ern were 'oohed to as lb*
,:;14" oolhoritin cowetitutional questions, namely,
maehlree of Geserinseent vroald be effected by the
slleration of *we offices. He contended that it
inecoded that the ialuerece of the Crows should
appointment, to mach offices as taken per se
r.onopy the whole time uf the persons who !idled
l that ens, if any temporary cause should operate
perenn at the head of any one department of the
Ateediag for • time to the debits of bra office,
Penes eyelid be loved in any ether eiewation in the
11. the Crown, the doilies of which left some possum
• unaccepted, se as to enable bias to steppe, the

v-

absent, of that period, if .WOilltipossillie Ilia( the *heirs
Of Goverumesit should go round, and that a stoppage
of the *bole machine shonfil sot take place. Ho protested
agaiiiit the doctrine of the Hun. Member for Guth Cast lc(Hr.
Klatch), or say other perils• is the Howie befog pledged ItY
eiappwt she reduction of this ofice, because is was pet into
the scheasle of she Bill broarght is by him in 1813; fur they
Would Sod tint it was excluded front the Bill which pawed
both gasses. He leek therefore, the delrherairly-formed
isdipihost parliu.ent spinet the opinion of the Hon. Meta-
her, which by that derision hat, declared 11,is not to be an ow-
The rusimittee of 1797, which he had always heard
received in •• •Imost infallible authority in thni House, was
of opinion, not ibet she office was useless, but that •
greater cumber of C isnrisisainners was necessary. And he
would say, that if a Board of Itevelyar. wOialt this was, were
to be reduced to • single Commoononer, it would IJO she
most singular resuletion tbat. was ever introduced into that
brallseh of the Government of the country. He conteuded
that it was ant a wise or • sound principle to intrust to say
single Individual the estate direction of a Board of Revenue.
The Noble Lord owes proceeded to advert in the pare which
the Honourable Member for Yorkshire (Mr. S. Wortley) had
Rhea on this questionond to the Maw!, Avowal he bad made
of his opinions, noiwithabindisg the unpopelarity ill oh cb
they slight probably isyolve him. He warmly citlitgased the
conduct of the Hottoitrahle Member, snit held it up as en
example for the imitation of the goutivuse,, of ENais,,,i,
whom be called upon not to truckle to the spirit that was
abroad—(Loud cheers from both sides)—for in so doing they
would betray the dailies of their siteattoos—(Lousl
ins)—nay wow, they world betray the people of England,—
(Loud cisters)--lbey would he:ray the lie•A interests of the
cunotry—( Land cheers troiii all ?wog or Iho House.)
Sir J. NEWPORT said, lw heist is right for the represen-
tatives of the people to give some weight to Inc decided and
greens' esperusion of the public opinion on questions of
1 general "silk interest; and is the present ro`e 10 decide, eta

the peieple of the country generally would, acconling to the
degree of tioeielloros of the Dery in welkin. The Noble
Lord &hued the existing state of these offices. out os the
principle of the influence of the Crown fur that pentrip!st
he expressly disclaimed, but on that of dim usefulness
end efficiency; and he fortified himself by the opinion
of the Committee of lir. But that Committee ex-
pressly stated the inefcreary of the office in the
hands which usually held it, and on that ground 'gruel-
mended that it sinisld be regulated in a dilierent man-
ner. He insylorid of the Howse to give due weight
to theopinion of the people, and to support the just influence
of the Crown, which would be much better maintained by
the abolition than by the keeping up of enlarge offices.
S•r ISAAC COFFIN was convinced both the ufficcs were
useless, and wished them both to be abolished.
Lord WORMA NSF replied. When hr recollected
the terms of his Majesty's gracious Message, sursoune-
jog his intention, io consideration of the Thomases of
his people, to give up a portion of hie private income
towards their relief, he did think it either eatrawedosary
that his Ministers should take this oppiirtunity to make the
Crown the medium of defending a piece of mere ministerial
management.—(Lund cheers.)
The House then divided, the numbers being—
Ayes
Noes

Majority aping the Reaolutiou
ORDNANCE RETURNS.

On our readmission to the gallery we found Mr.
Hume on his legs, moving fur sundry ordnance re-
turns, He said, though the ordnance estimates were
more particularly made out this rear thou the last,
there were still several large stuns whit li required
explanation. The Hun. Member then detailed the
s I returns which he desired to have, namely.
return or the summer in which 15,0001. in the ord-
nance estimates for 18121, fur beds and bedsteads,'
had beet► expended ; a enflame return for the stein of
40,000/. for stores; a similar return for 14,0001. an-
tler the head of clerks of works. There was one item
in the estimates of the present year which he was
partieularly anxious to have explained. fie meant
the item of 10.000/. fur works to be perforustil at
Demerara. lie was quite satietie7l tite House
ought not to vote this money without having the
report which was made to Government before
the work was undertaken. Fie refetred to the Ft.
nonce Committee of 1817, which complained of
works being undertaken without due check, tint
that he meant to bay in the present case the
Govevnment had not the report Nod estimate
made out before the works were tuideitttkeit, hut
what he contended for was, that the Douse might
to have those documents before it. When they
were on the table, Ise thought he could phew that
Great Britain ought not to expend one penny
upon the works in question. He had received •
letter from Demerara, its which she writer express.
eil his surprise at the expensive staff kept up there.
The details of that fetter might or might not he
correct ; but he thought if the Colony' could
afford to keep up such a staff, they ougln rather to
apply the money to throe works. if they were regally
necessary. Ile alto wished for a return of the
houses occupied by officers of the ordnance depart.
merit ; he understood there were vast numbers of
houses not occupied by setvants of that devout.
went, hot let to individuals. fie ►hould he pre.
pared to move, as a measure of 'economy. that •
great number of these houses should now be die.
posed of, as being no longer necessary.
Mr. WARD said, that with respect to the item of 10.000 f.
for work, at Demerara, included ia the Ordnance Estimates
of the present year, he sows' refer the Host. Walk r to his
Han. Friend (Mr. Wilmot). The 14,0001. tinder the bead
of Clerks of the Wuett, was for renal service, and not
expewded is brick and mortar. As t►e sem related to works
to be dose at various places, and was kept as a sort of more.
abbe corm Ise therefore trusted the Hon. Geatlennan would
becontent wide She nowthers nuly. These mentions fur de.
Sails, he begged to say. would be attended wish ■ coasider•.
Ids degree of expense, and as the establishment wair *am re-
dared so low, the conical basiaei• of the offire could not be
dune without petiole or new atreugth, sad few. ealintaico
aunt contain an article for extra labour for foruisborg re.
tarns to that House. As to the bosses belonging to the it.
d..partrnent, there ass a standing order that no officer should
let the honer attached to his suffice, but there were n weal
nether ..f houses let by the department fur 1110 broent or
the public, sad that circumstance might have misled the
Hon. Member. De1...1 ISO Ohitetioll so the utltt-r returns
being fornished, so far as they could be mad: out.
Mr. WI LMO r said, the item for works at Demerara he
considered as sit item on 'moot only, and that the expert. e
would be defrayed ultiatately oat of the colonist revenues.
The reason it stood is the Ordnaece Estimates was on ac-
count of aldifferenee between the colony of Demerara and
ibe Board of Orikaanee--the colony considering the works sir
■ part of the milutary protection of she with merit, fur which
they unght mot la be called upon for any payaneot.
Mr. HUME mid, had there been a note Moulted to the
estimate', slating the 10,0001. to he on oreount, it would
have conveyed the necosaary information, at very little N 0...
bin. Ude works were necessary for the pe.det I.ou et the
property of the colony, let theta bear the expense of protect.
tag their man sugar and cotton plantations.
Mr. GO V LBURN 'aid, this work was to protect the chief
town and barrack at Demerara. .

Mr. BERN Fri' snitl the real fact was, that it Wall the
dot, of tie colony to magmata the barrack, as it was for
It eir own •drfenre ; and he was quite sure that if the coin.
n es were fuse. tied as they ought to be, they would lie able
to defend themselves, av they would be if the circular letter
had been attended to.
Mr. WILMOT said, the circular was glom tl e Leeward
bloods only.
After a few word.; from Mr. WARD and Mr. 11VME,,bs
motions for the several return, were agr.iti

•

On the Odic sesiiiiiliWiaripriaiirg up the Report on the
Mutiny hell-se Nl,.
'Mr. HOHR eons and sail, he wished to ask the Nobly
Lord (Palaserstmk). who nomadism' the Artifice of Wm to be
part of the law Of the land, if the Jedg• a hid not reirere.l
that °pintos ! la the rose lit Uorkley died Ward, hie !Mire
allanslield declared tkm he hoe* no Arlitlee of War—he
knew nothing hut the Monty hill.
Lord PALM Ova° N said he had tio ni•illehtion of the
ease alluded to, but by the 30th section of the Money Am,
the King was empowered formate articles isC war, sod it was
chreried that all Judges is courts of law should take omits
of them.
Mr. HUME laid the rue he alluded to was the one
where the soldier was poatshed for not wbsertbiug to a
school.
The SOLICITOR-CRNERAL mid. If tbe Host. Member
had read the nine. he had totally misunderstood it. The
amides of war had atahhir ,halevu So do with
The Report 11.14 theo brought up.
Os the Order of tlisi Day being read roe the House foist
into a Committee on the Smuggles Comthitinent Bill, tome
ronve.tatioi *roar, ie which NT. Lamhtoit, the Volicitiir
General, 51r. Wetherell, •sli Mr. Bright look part. The
Bill was then ordered to be coommitted to sorrow.

The other °Arm of the DI were afterwards disposed of,
sod the Holm soijouraed at &nee o'Cratic.

COMPARATIIIIS arry ATM(
or rout
GREEK A.VD THE IRISH CATHOLIC.

(Extrieted from " Lefters.frow a,. EafpflokdantkawM Is
Paris," yeblts‘ed y Runway

The dawn Of a brighter day appears at leatik to hare
opened upon belittled; the landing in that islpwt of the first
British Ring who ever appeared on her shores with the where
branch of peace, has honker, we must hope, the deadly
apes) by which she Ism been bound fur ages, and a Vousreb,
the most accomplished, and the most estoinnistsei
in liu-
rope, will live is the elitist record of British history, as the
restorer of the rights and liberties of one-third of his ash-
jects. But the hydra of Orsogism must perviously he do-
stro)ed., sad, although the monster will become desperate,
as it. dowafall approaches, the hiamslakes of behind will
be gin itkly reduced to their Last stand in the busum of the
Corporatism and Guild of Dnblin, where the concentrated
tenons of titje* seems collected mid personified is the person
of their worthy Representative in the Hones of Cavasmutie.
But, is it rnelanclicelt to reflset.on the feelings of bitter
hostility whirls bare so long actnated the flgefilled
commn-
niona (divide el as they are, be WP-11 themselves on the gravest
points of faith, as well as of discipline) against n ',hutch,
from whirls-they have necessarily derived their Christimeity ?

IPilodates' is supposed to have seadund so powiefolly In the
i increase of isalbleiity, as the scandal of *doming partial and
I aeparate Candies] societies assuming to themselves all the
high pretensions of an universal chnrch, and condemning a
tdotators five-sixths of the Chrieflan world of the present
day, and the whole body of Christendom, previous to Ike
quarrel in the sixteenth century,between Martin Luther and
Ilbe Dominican finis.
. "la continuing the disgualifieatinn (says Grattan) of the
Catholic, we tint only &pine them of the reffialltli• law fights
of eligibility, but we tiff...et the foundation of our own
faith, and disobey the prone order of Infant and sweated
religion : when we may the Catholic a effected wish eifeeill•
emotes idulairune, Sall incapable of moral obligation or po-
litical allegiaace, we say the Catholic 'cliches' is tint divine;
saying that, we affirm that Christianity doe* sot extend 10
France, to Italy, to Spain, Ate. the.; saying that, we say that
Chrstianity hit made no way, and of course deprive it of
sine great pen( of its divinity ; saying that, we say that
the Pope has foiled hislikker, that a man proves WO strong
fir Alimirldf power, save where a few nation* have reread
the wrecks of his omnipotence from general discomfiture.
'I he atheist hears all this—gars along with each sees, while
it minas the wars, and instead of stopping short at Pro-
testament'', penned. to infidelity."
If poleentrut dissestioti had been she only evil produced,.
the philosopher and Ilse statesman at least, would have had
less 1.. lament ; but unfortunately, no roamer had King
Hairy VIII. in our own country, emanripsti d his sithjecti
i from the drawled tyranny of the Pope, hut he bream. Line-
! melt ebe greatest tyrant in spirituals, as well as In temporal.,
Shut ewer nation was cursed with; and nu sooner had the
Church of Eastland in the smeceeding reign, separated her-
self Cram that of Rome, 111411 she commenced a sanguienty,
war lewdest the Catholic, for refining to itecompsoy her so
, far, add against the Puritan, fur insisting upon her Ping
I forth's.. !sciatic', from that-lisnr, became the theatre of re-
! beta's persecution and political oppression, and English-
mew were Imaged sod embonetleil alive fur professing the
used of. the Batons of :lingua Chsrta:
Far all..reset was the ration 4.f she Roman people:-
114 am was to grant to conquered statiolis all the rights and
privileges of Roam citizens, and to 'hms the deities, even
or their enemy, to the himour of the pantheon. By this
wise and equitable compact, the right of etniquest was
waived ; no lengthened period of lime was reiptiret to esti.
bind', what, in leen language, is termed a legitineste
guererionsent ; and rebellion, or a oraumplion of arms, on the
pin of the vanquished people, met with the punishment it
deserved
Euelohmen end Turks have neefortnnalely palmed a dif-
ferent policy, and Greece and Ireland have bias hound by
no other ties than those of she sword; hat it is a melon-
' chuly last (however humbling to an Englishman the too-
CM of it may be) that the constant,' of the Greek antler'
the Oilman yoke, Isis beeu inflater!, superior to that of
she Irish I uttiolue, tinder the dominion of England; the for-
met has beeu seldom sir ever debarred from the public ex-
ercise of his n ',emu, and situations in the civil and mili-
tary departments of the Turkish -empire, hive been ore..
atonally open 1.. him; Governors awl, even Princes of pa-
ragon have be. ii appointed of the Greek faith, and Greek
Christians have kern almost exclusively employed its all ai-
piessalie and Commercial negoeiations, in whirlt the in-
mate s.f the Porte have hero concerned; and yet (ab-
stractly speaking). Is there a teste.oen mind that does not
fault a the struggle now making by that people to shake
Jam 'rakish yoke, mod to recover an Independence which,
aernahly la the rubs laud down by every writer on the law
r of nations., has nail- been legitimately suiondered '—Re.
halloo, mailer such cireurnidanei is, is universally acknow.
ktlnd to be little more thou a qtgestiow of expediency.
'• The people,' says Locke on Civil Governinst, "who
are the dareariards of, or claim *wife those who are forced
to anima to the yoke of the Government by constraint, have
always a right 111 shake it tiff, and free themo Ives fiii.ii the
meepatime or tytaisny which the sword bath brought iu upon
them, till the rulers put them tinder gruel§ a Game Of t,. earn.
anent, art dory willingly, misi of choice coosent to; and alio
doubts bat the Grecian Clinatimo descendants of Ilse Retiree
pansessors of that country may justly east off the Turkish
1 coke which they have so long !ionised under, whenever they
hare AU OppOrl{lo.ll to do it ?"
What these moat be said of ;relent, and of shove penal
Inns wheels, during upwards of two eeolorier, mellowed, sal
a Stet or a pasty, hut a tealiost t—s code, unexampled for its
strut ity to the annals or mankind, and to which the Inqui-
sition of Spain, execrable es ii Wag, would blush to be is-
@imitated
A sophist might urge with some skew of plausibility, that
the Inquisition was Instituted for the purpose of peevessiloc
the horrors of civil oaf, misfit; out of religion* CollitaiieUi
by shutting at once the door to the introductioo of a new
creed, subversive, it most Ise confessed, in its early progress,
like modern jacubinism, of every existing instiiiitioa,
amt marking its rotor.* through each couestsy bidet
which it had gamed (Mane by insurrection and denies*.
goon: witness, Ike vautialtassi of Kitties reform iii Scot-
land ; of Cal•iii'a in France; and of the Analuipeists in
Germany : that even in Foglaii.l, the comparatively moiler.
ate change in flee faith and disclaims, of the church, covered
the whole kingdom with ruins, involving in one waive...al
wreck, entry religious, clinr.tsble, and literary institution,
roundest since the eistablishniesit of Christianity is site
island; and yet was, nevertheless, complikd, in its turn, to
yield tu'a eel of radical or ultra re-roomers, who, In the fol-
lowing century luiriell the monarchy, and the reformed
clowrb itself, in one COMMON grave.
, The pldusibleutss of some such sophistry in f of the

~.>

1

*plash ingilsitios still, I apprehend, be ;
bat whet septilittry can diagutats the inigssiti of Ow penal
erode of teetotal? a code directed arsiust so *assesses or
outried ouselly; intruded for so pompoms of preverstiow or
priest ration ; hot, no she eontrail, tbefelsedly filmed with
view to ele•treiy, sod irwrinedistely directed ea the etch fa_
lion Of an cracient wition•l church, adhered to by au retire
lit...ate with sick tenacious sad &Operate steeds*, that
at the close of the fitsu reatbty of perateution; i 1 Sal cos-
Pnsed by the Chief Governor of lirtlessd, hat be did not bet
lieVe one Winfred converts had bees made (rum onieuest lha
native Rids to the religion of Eaglatid—asiii to thigh hoer, to
identified is the Irish same with the faith a their forefathers,
that the Frtworlling Hospital bf Dublin (ike other institu-
tions supported on similar principles In Ireland), is order to
secure the seduction of the urphau clithlren from the religion
of tlwir country, lies ref outer to a measure of demaitialiaist-
lion, of shish the merit of originality probably belesllll we
the rebgious persecutes. of Irelawili the change of sew,
however, from O'Domosephoe to nosapsow, bas proved by
experience, to be but a fallacious 'wearily ; and in wise Is.
Malice. out of len, the &fetish appellation bag Wes lb.
die:mostly ROME Sir id• at the earliest ItEMllee I Of eMlniellnilithe
from the thraldom :cud persecution of goveruftent prittee-
woo,
not to return to she comparative condition of the native!
of Greece mud Ireland' oily it not be asked, if at this day
Vtere be so many as one Irish Catholie in soy public
pltsynieril, *briber iwilninriAl, f 11.116111, Mwsierlal,
ramie, musiiripal egret', ur c 11111 l uncial ? And it this; tilt.;
that Parlicipatioti in est il rights awl p. iv and flat
ideolity of prt'itical lettersets twiwixt the roliqUerore and UV
rnimeiered, declared by every writer ass the lasi of italicise,
as overstay tb wins e r leffittmate inserting's! WI list
use head, wad a rorrespondime wlegorace on she other ?
The .litoinestoo was cleatly sekrawa !edged, ever. by Ala
terns, of the T'teaty of Limerick, aril fur upwards of a CVO-•
vary the molts of furtive armies were Shed wish Irish ufie
errs, raised to the bighed honours of their profestios Is
every cuieutry sit Europe but their wens, whilst Great Britain
dosed rot claim either their persons or their se:vim* as web.
keit.
The °wrests Cower. Its a late nada, ante, has serving
the Greek. of ingewitude, and hot reworded them of lb. cote
ii has frritiewily sakes to rebst.l.l their churches, and to sbew
publie honour so their Patriarch; bus of what 1111E1211JY*,
GM all.. in on any other bead, eau Kurland accuse behind
Mt the former (with she single exception of the very mealy
and inadegiuste endowiriessi of Mayaooth), ever so taiseh ss
repaired a tousle Catholic chapel, or shelve/I pub:it hawse
to any Catholic Prelate au Ireland? On she coutrary„ is
there not seeu in almost every psii.h throw/howl slot heat.
llir nirlanehnly r Word r•t&r., of • Catholic Aare/, ere.
holintint a sprctahle that ...aid make the nnoprurentd squa-
re, 60'lleve, thou lit-land ha I been cougriereit, soul devastate I
by mime watiaehritriow power ?at-sricl have trot the wretched
s.f Ireland heels, even recenllr. coellytetlrd to'
erect, out of mock. rya. is were, eight besotted awe church'', :
for she use of a hierstrhy, to whirls, ia shier parts of !team',
out after, they are uth r strangers! Fabe-ce,fsir the pester
pert, as absolutely eseless as if a like number of Hutu-leis
fir the use of the Gitek rite; were teamed by Purlieus, 01 to
be built is Yorkthire, and she tithe of every potato-garden
raw-till to ensiutain Ihe illCUMbenl.
To place ourself in the situation of where, is the only
way to judge *ills f4lllleS*; and if us tuber iFdection it be
thought that she You Whirr cos 1111 l -ymasa would cheer fa)*
pay his lithe of potato, a ton Grin Ii papa residing at Att. ut,
it mwit be conceded that the peasant of Ireland, after sitar.:
jag +tilt the instructor of his children, sod the nave abseil/
consoler of hia mitcry, the wretched profits of bit little
farm, is w 1111 l notable to his diuhihe to pay a second tithe of
his ierleistry to s stranger. It wowed be difficult, however,
In point out a more remarkable idostrstion of the abase le-

MMAe•nt to all Inimn institution', then the spectacle of au
alistotre rt. r c malt of the tatabliahment in Ireland, diced*
in the ball room of Bath or Cheltenham,,—possessed or
wither church, parson:tee. or congregation, and (lunch%
therefore, at the rule charge and expense of his wretched
Catholic parnhiutierr, with whom he raw !sold no intcreousse,
beyoud the rtortwoua!xaction of their tithes, and for the cell
. . .

I.roioil even a. which he is indebted to the exhortation sf
the Oohslie pivot, and 1110 ezirtiusa of a Catholic tithe
piiictor!!.

. -
No real Mead to any chart+ establishment can possibly
wish to ore metals syafeasewasimme•llo644l•4llol% beymadalsa
life mime. of the Retrial holders. All sinecures amk before
it, and the borough of Old Sarum becomes *he model of re-
pre...mintier government, if compared whit it. A member,
indeed, for the later may be considered, when in the lipase
of Coutasuar, as forming part of the general representaiitio
of the country, but it would be rather too boW a fiction to
see in She Italian tourist, or tu the rkgant frreoenter of our
Eughalt sairrnig-p'accs, the spiritual sliepbetd of a flock iu
Cettuangtit!

AMERICAN PAPLUS.

NEW YORK, FEBRUARY 11.

The achonnt.r Tremolos, a•rirrrl at Stitnuore from
torinv an amount that the Conaituli,•o of co-
holey' at Caf•Ceall on the 1.1 of Jaeger,
and at Lavo.ra oh the 12.1.. with great rejoicings, bril-
liant Sm. The Roy.bste hall it'll pooart,slCiti
of Poi to Cabello, and were arodiug cap (Intone oat thing
the coast.

FEbRUARY 'l2.

Velevlse% linVenal intelliffewter we had i private
letter ou the fall of (:.Pair, from which we extract the fol-
lowing passage %%lieu the report reaehed Luna itfCsote-
rites approach, fonds to the amount of S or 600.000 dollars
were ?intim ked on hosed the shipping at I:Ancon. Lord
Cochrane hail for some time been matint every rarefies la
endeavour to proenre money fur portent or the eviterr, with-
out avail. Upon Iteariog this moon, Wee Oe hoard the dif-
ferent transport., be went to L'Ascon in the O'Higgins and
F.amerahla, and forcibly took pomession of the whole sow,
weisrithstanding strong repremoiatiisais from the General.
He insmedtotely esinnitmeeil pnyini off all the ships. Re-
port i.aya he hae.aot dared fowl bin foot on shore sinee."

FEBRUARY 19.

The Savannah niymblirerte, of the fith instant, roetains
mime intelligence (ruin St. Domingo, but it Is no later than
has lova received and published in this city. The move-
ment of the irnoun of Boyer towards the Spaniah pa.t of lb.
is confirmed ; and there is also a General Order of
that Chieft.dit, ...js.inttrz peeler upon them, and foibnklieir
plunder on pans of dealt). Tbla urder is dated January tb.
Faoit H•vaattait.—Fly the schooner Saedford.Williaas,
arrived this morning from Havaunah, we leers that a fleet
sailed from the Havartnah on the eflth of Jannary, etoi•ting
ea • 14 tun ship, basing or, hoard, Ita repOtte,l, sesen tral-
lions of apreiv, with a utimiter of smelter vesinls armed, and
it number of merchant vessels in company, !mend to Spate.
'there were several warlike seseela 1)toll off the More wham
the fleet nailed. There were two Ve••••etian prawn 1. era seen
from She Muro, to windward, at the time the fle-t sailed.
Report say., that ihr igland of Porto Rio.. had de,terra it-
self independent i also the Spanish pert ef St. nominee. It
wasprettg healthy whets the Sandfuld.Willtaas sailed from.
H b.

----- .
Fiore AT. Doettnoo —We were yesterday moratuit
feweaeol with late Pert.•u-Prince Papers, and put them lei.
methately into the Maeda of* tratmlanw ; hot ....cannot And
rubes for their coutents at leogib, now the, their are .• dome
lulu English." It has before been men:jun.ll ifiat the Spa.
• with put of the Islatiti of St. boatinge had thrown Dei ibe
government of the mother coodiry ; end a ransom hn also
bee* pabliahrst. Aid !hey had united lbjemsultrs a with the
Heath's Republic. This mass in confirm ell ; and the l'oef-
an.Peinen Telegraph. Nam, of the ldrh January, commies
the official documents relating to the onion.
It seeing that the destrue•ion or the Snanielt nothmity tin
that island bas been some tiene to contemplation. At first
• (7onsmodore Awn. (the hero of Amelia Island), who had a
flotilla of small armed ream's, wished to mahe an stied& sho
the Spanish coast, in eider to induce the lultehitants t 411410..
Of their yoke, mud declare themselves inilepeutlent.
as Art* unplowed of his -propositions, mode in the WO*
the President of Hayti ; but, havieg afterwards direePate4
that it was hie inietutims to establish a serimla guverradateus
they rejected thew, sad twat en sttelrese "Weil
they declared their istentimi to piece theMselves trother the
prutecting law; of the Slate, A mission was then seat by

,r•~...Ma~i,.,.,,,


~~■

.
B•
oyer, compeer.' of .okiee Anis ei eh. isimp; 10 hie AS:
berms' of the ell of St Bowies% Ott OW, arrival: ilw)
foood that tbe Govestarer bad hecellppil of; the Colos.
boas Bag 'misled, and • Provisional (bola lovebird. The miry
barn theta...re Ili reed Ir Port-so-Printer, *kb dispatch.,
from Jove Newt de Careen, litho had hoes appointed by the
Junta Priondeast end Pot ttirel Ontenebr. to whieh he sullllllllC.
eil their de trtaninatins to detach themselves from Spun. aud
join She Republic nlenleobta.
Boyer oseile • boilable reply to gums intwatelies. •o •t 1
•rt.r.ra4d4 a ronainuoicatius was received from tier Coolont
Juot• of St. Jag.. to PreMdent Boyer, dieted the 19th or
December, in wit" h th.ytliOrtft their disapprolesiiiio of tie
peoreciltucs at St. Douiherto, and swear allesimice to the
Repunae of Hayti. To this Boyer 'bade • suitable ier•v, ni
shirk be Biller, them op about Ilbeir wisdom and love f
liberty, stud ale., tat; condith a with thew. fur their foi
millesisge; and peoinsvea us behalf of Memel/ and
Shat they will *element Ile to Ilia" anima oC ihr Rept.' -I c 1.104
brothics. The communications" *Welt follow are, n less
from the military e.....eminsister 1u lb, at,,
Junta of Se. Jags,; 01141 nee frees the Municipal C. one il, re
Presides,. 110yer, al kruirladrbeg their submission to stab
Coins; Ont. of she Republic—both daie.l the 31st of Denete •
her. Other Inners to she Spanish' section of the Mead h to
'More arlinueeleds.il lA. Sr .olimiseion tU the Repoli! c. I Tee,
Icy. the sable Editor, "the city tef St. Domingo hire Inn in
error, and Previte°. Bober, wishing to aside all in one nt-
jvct, has resolved to co theta in in rieun.•witli a powerful
army. to taisitsli•li that order which t trews t f "di to.ig.4-
lurk have not brill Able to pr.servv." This stride ti ae arrests
So St. Donlinrll, to C 1401411 lab. re), aiming a p.i.foe who bad
troaigi.h.4l it thernaeltro a, ewe° before Bober's Sidi as. uts
had v!siied them, is rasher a queer answerer.. hoot never
mind; we let it

A letter reretoeil at Philadelphia from Poo-as-Priem%
dated Jaituaty 20, say'. tt this place has hero is a bustle
fmrs several date, by the manrhtog and cuoutermarctimo
troops de,dlinid to occupy the east end of able totem'. olioh
from all its prottipal torus has sent is it.. 'Wheeler+ In slyi
government. The molly of ocospstivist will he fie.oo4 so m.o,
accompantasi• toy the lessohletet in person, us which ateotil•t
the Chamber of CY.11.11.1•1141 ha. had its Se:Gio.ll eforVeMe4l
f. the Ist proximo to throat elf Ansest. The niuti:tras
di•osiust of the a may. 4,000 'troop somehed hroce two dais
• steer for Mute el. si It will forts • junction wa It
*at form the 'tenth, and 'skew she route of Peelle Plate
mid S imeituo issill tonot upon the city of et. lhostistßee•
a military point or view, tl e occupant's of the east wall I.
otiesportame to 0111 GOlrel lament, but it wall drain the tens_
surf uf a tittle of its auperileops nyaith. ThesSimoish p et
is ors,aerahly poor, sod its whole population takeout exersit
411,0,6114.111.."
This letter also mentions the arrival of the French vlos;is
of war Sappho, o Islets bed reteke• from e pirate the Flototoo
ship, as stioution. d some dots scam in this paper. The Satptas
oat the Dist Flinch vessel settee 1616 that has pot In et
Peot•ee Prier,; hut she gas not allowed to communicate
with any but the Osmium. et—the stature of bee mission
could toil be ascestioned.—((loo. Adv. Pebreary 14.)
[Pr in the Arlev.seu Gazettit.]
Tait Isniao etso.,--We'learn from the Lodlikeetnefly
th the Cberolti ea and Osage' have lately h.aw. died.
WC' in witith the h rmei have been completely rggettsafte'.
The awoke. • were divided ban parties, owe of *bikes
amounting to SO or 611, fell in with • pa.t'y of Oaame(proi-
•"eipolly esonpoorel of old men, woman,. mid children), aid
killtil nod took ncsrly the whole, and have brcoshl in about
63 scalps and primmer*. One Osage grannie., refusiecto
follow the Chrrokeet, was set on a liaise and shot, sad 1,,r
body efternardi ildowtt on a fire sod cou'oblei el. Another
i•any of the Cherokees, consisting at about 200 awe, boa
not relented at towboat orocuots, but we learn that thgy
had fell is with. the. Ovores, sad killed and took • much
greater number. Thcoe *treetops had nerasioned moat es-
joisioss •in the' Cherokee nation, sod the Inlet; mats great
moldier of thir defeorel. se prisoners hid been sacrificed, 1n
• most 114rberuns tuoutter, by their savage emotion/tel.
The Cherokees Stink a large queasily of aloes,
!furor aril
other peg-peels, foils the ()saps, a considerable portion cif
which w•otiont, they being notable to brims it with them
Autoos the sitojes brought :in .wine tat limit, clothes. Ile.
knees In hatietelbliged le este or two white uteu, alto are
luppeiird hattelsons murdeied.
The Cb. niters were se slated with them sercretee, that ,t
was thought soother war party wash) soon be Pint out.
[Plum the Nati:inef lolettgeter,r of Monday.)
OFFICIAL LECT.ER.
ctio4,l States itchoesser •Porpoliv, off the North
CAM of Gabe, loth J y, 1822.
!‘ Sit —Having completed the toresaary cgeipihents mf
this vcssel, at New Orlon., ois the 7111 instated, mid presa-
°May Vern [Millie notice that I shook, sail front the Bah sc
nn the 10111, with convoy, I have now the homier to infnrdt
• you, that I proceeded la eta ere the day armoured, With five
Gail wider my protection. On the lbals, having wen the yes.
sets bound to Havannah and Slataosas safe to their destined
ports, I made all sail to the westward, and on the following.
day boarded the brag Boliva, of Benton, Gotham, master,
from whom I received the fallowing information t—That u.,
she cow Forums hi: vessel was captured by pirates, mot
rubbed of evrty materiel they could ratty aisay with them,
at the same lime treating the crew and himself with
man cruelty. After aopplOng him from this I *oh
what a. ies 1 e reepaired, 1 Maee sail for the lood, and
reify the following moiling (Saddler H.ll, on the north coast
of Cola,, then tom tog S. by E.) I dispatched our boats will,
forty men, under cutrimand of Lien'. Curtis, is woods of
these enemies of the human race. The boats hiving (trowel
the reef, which here extends a conaderabler distance from
the shore, very soon discovered, chased, sad captitred,
piratical ochooter, the crew of which made their escape to
the wood,. lieutenant Curtis very Judiciously manned the,
pole from our boats, and piroteeeded about ten miles to lee-
ward, where, it wag underetood, the principal depot of these
marauder,: was conhisibed. This he fortunately sliwosered
and attacked. A olielit olinnish herr took place, but ageism
'firer advanced the opposing party precipitately reiterate&
• We thee took p ion, and burnt and destroyed these
.fietets consistiug of 6 o vessels, one of them a 6eautiflil new
schooner, of about sixty tuna, ready for am, with elor ma-
caption of our sole. • We also took three prise/errs ; trio
others fled to the woods.

" In the affair jest mentioned the (dike.. of the etrpeei.
ties &tate the enemy, low to, be severe. dolt one man aril
airmailed its tint bows; rad it is worthy of remark, that
In.lll can one ref their own gang, thin s priauner is our poe.
Ilf.lloll, mud %om misled by our pi optic.
"The ireetniction of tide place will, I trait, be of some
service. Ff 0111 lattraailOtt baf me received it wive their-prin.
e,pal depot, from whence they dispatched squadrons t.,
Cape Antonio. Them. fel urnins, leaded with &wider, it wan
tessatippvd to Flartunali in vessel's nest from there r tbet
purpose. Stores and material* wets collected
'salt truly far repairing, hot building frealiela..

Theprissoicrs /lOW on hosed are mengssised by t •Jessnais
In my possession, rho w.. one of the
„rew of the tustiso
Ship Ale:lamb r, of Grevouth, late!, beret is, these prier- ;
sod, not confetti with ite,troijinit Ili* vessel, tlpy iel•nmsolz,
bets Leiesi her onfortionnie rominsetter. The marnais
qui .dose 1 i•iii on evidence in the rave.
o 1 Mist. mewled our of the schooners taken, a ire" so,
ton wiling res.cl, snit kern ber witch me. She will rose of
great sr ,ice in my ferihee npermions on this rus.,t, •
" I cannot dose Ibis let lei; sir, wikont naming to 'tin
Li...lroom Colt's, 1111/41“ conduct. not only in the present
inoimer, hot ill
here muter lily commatea.lll, turritiej my warm sad decided
•prioheilioi.--1 have Hie W.avnr in be, .le.
" J Atli& Virnai,
'` How stunk Theetimee, *artery .( the Nary:* •

ISANI S PAPSNS.

:r: r.

?MIN tßcit 10.
fe4erilay the king tr•n-acted Lwow, Nt with lUclotral
Idintsielorlhe
totwisomr iv-nearly rreS.vt red frorn his insl,opooltiAn, Hi'
4•7111 Illsr Muir', who howl not left his apartments for 0r0.%

• efaillydrard with his itareare laat leeway.
MINIS"! RI OF %VA it
'lt**
te..aat accusals (rum Auteio, Sauoitir, an I Toms are
as 'verlafactury at cbuhl It eapeetra. Tr, hew, been
dielletaert a} sass as they appeared; a el,s•derable ii•rnheir
ut tlrtur are already i• the heads of ,ibo arc Fsesult .1a

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trrorotell7ll
°ewer It., in,
Le erietts4l t.
•oa7'
likent.
, le
to prevent fi
1: kite front al
pt 414 Oh pre..
Knife of
of iirftt
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