The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1822-12-11 00:00:00

M EDITERRANEAN PRODUCE.

FIRM —There lies heels • cousidrrOle rlrmoid for the
de•eriptione of lisinisb, and • mall advance has b. en
übteiued on Lexie, Denis, and Valencia Raisins ; there are
buyers of Blooms, bat at lower prices. Sloscairls and Tar.
key Figs are heavy of sale. Carrauts fully support ibe fur.
a•r prices._
. . . . . .

-
SILL —The prices remain without alteration, but the de.
mood fiat been but moderate.
BALTIC PRODUCE.

TALI 0111 has bseu sore irm at lam orrek's prier, in the
market ; tut. Jannary 4;1481 40s. Ad. bas betu paid fur Y. C.

Forrecript, Tursday, Derrother 10,-1422, Four o'Clork.
Corot-A.—Too public safes wrre brought forward to-day,
eois.i•iing of Dutch and Jamiiira, priacipolly the former;
they went utf wilb great heavineiw Lot irregularly prier ;
good ordinary Jamaica went sit 1r2.. 81. and the inferior
sorts of Dutch also went lowrr. There was se.ircrty ...y
business dour in St. 11),,iningu, Ault th prices remain

• - •
The IL P. Sudan ni . rki I was rather more fl it to.d.iy,
and purchases might have twen math- at • trifle lower than
week, 'unlit the good eulintry qualities, one hoard of
which brought 77.. to-day; and at the public bile of Barha-
does olio brit qualities sold briskly, but the twiddling were
chiefly talcs* iii.
INDIGO —192 chests of East India wrre offered poblirly
today ; 12 chests Madras were sold at Ba, 11.1. to 9.. 0,1. per
lb The &veal was all withdrawn, the hid. nut being equal
to the priets detu.seded by the proprietor.

There are fdur new Cantos of bon Juan now in
the igre.s. The Noble Author hag nkasu nip:mired
he. id ICA length in the further progress of this liller•
Mill/461e Poem. Thom Coitus rte WI of willlll auri
variety. and contain some admirable specimens of
guod taste. after the euthoes burst manner, They
pre to lipeleilf la 411tliliiryt

(From the Jasorttol des Debra( or Sunday I
Onr rrodery are too well informed to require font
nir, day by day, new sierra out the political siniaticut
of Europe. The great itneremo which determine
dial situation, sad Ike great difficulties which render
it cm:loex, are siot of a nature to change every
morning, sad rvecy evening at the will of cement
writers-. who make tt their hrsiness. to alarm ardent
idtaginations and Uninformed minds. It is perfect
quack-ry, and ustworthy of an)' Journal which lays
claim to self.rOapeet, to indulge in an eternal repe-
tition of the same chimeras, the same declamations,
sod the a invectilles ow the atihiro of a questiou
which is doubtless highly important, but which, on
that very account, ought not to be approached bust
with the conscientious intention of speaking only
truths at once certain apd useful.
It is, however, easy to understand the abject of
the revolutionary Journals, skilfully disguised us it
is, in daily representing war with Spuin as a solemn
resolution of The Congress of Verona. though rt.,-
thing yet announces that any Power is disposed to
such • war, and though the preparations no where
correspond with a hostile determinatiou definitively
adopted. To describe such • war as a contineutal
croanie against representative Governments, is ati
amusement in which the revolutionary writers are
the more ready to take port, at they confound,
under the vague name r 0. represelinpive system,
Governments of the most different knot, and even
thingr of a lousily opposite nature—the Clirrier of
Louis XVIII. nod the Constitution of the Cute.-e.
the anarchy of Madrid and the liberty of London.
Besides the advantage of bring thus able to c.lum-
niate Monarchs, the declamations of the Revolt'.
tioniats have the farther object of impelling to this
hail', incalculable war, some sincere, but not aril.
informed, friends of the cause of monarchy. We
know very worthy persoita who have fallen into this
assure. u The Liberal.," my they, 9 do not wish
for war against Spain ; therefore we Royalists ought
to wish for it."
Puerile reasoning t deplorohle blindness ! The
respectable Liberals are doubtless sincere in their
wish that there should be no war with Spain; but
the revolutionary Liberals wish it. anxiously desire
it, and pray for it from the bottom of their heart,.
They wish for it, because it would involve, at least an
they hope, the King's Government in the most cruel
tulla rots—becalpe it would render necessary
an extraordinary expenditure of 400 millions a.year
—because, by draining the sources of public wealth,
it would mortally wound that credit which is alone
capable of ruppling the means of such tap exiwn.
dittire—becinitie it would create obstacles to our
commercial navigation—and finally, because it
would open • series of chances which nn human
prudence could previously calculate, hot among
which there would he a thousand possibilities or
events, fatal to legitimacy and favourable to con.
sail-ion.
But the Revolutionists will not qllow these cri.
misial hopes; they cannot advance except by an
oblique path. They place high the interest which
they take in Spain, the respect which they bear to
the Constitution of the Cortes, and the chimerical
Mapes which attach them to the success of iustitu-
liona founded on that anarchical code.
By this plan of tactics, they drive into • danger-
ous warmth those who, having their political opi.
Mons composed merely of sentiments and phrases,
forget to calculate the true interests of their coon-
tn, and to balance certain sacrifices against possis
ble resiilts.
We congratulate ourselves for having spoken of
Spain only with reserves and at intervals : by which
means we have been enabled to establish what we
said on facts. Were we to 1110 V 01'1111011 to the
pains which all the journals of Europe have taken
to discuss, explain, sod investigate oar articles. we
should be tempted to believe that we hod said spore
on this great question thau those who have every
scorning and evening expatiated an it with such aff-
mirahle confidence.
The long ',deuce of Verona has proved that the
difficulties with winch the affairs of Spain appeared
to us to to. environed were fur from being vein sub-
tleties. The august Council of Monarchs paused
lung its sight of the dangers which we p
and also, of others, to which, from prudence, we
did not choose to allude.
The official declarations which have appeared,
and which clearly indicate great eUrcumspection,
are in no way opposed to the prisiciiihn which we
have laid down on those interveottein by force of
arms, which, though excusable iu • case of ex.
trews. necenity, are, as Lord Londooderty justly
observed, always exceptions from the true law of na.
now, and which may give birth to great misfor-
tunes whoa directed against a generous nation of
high patriotic Freitag, and impatient, not merely of
a foreign yoke, but even of foreign succour.
Those good men whq appeared at first surprised
at the nature of the view we had take°, have hest-
cued to renounce their error; still, now enlightened
by reflection, do us the justice to acknowledge
that we have opposed useful truths to a dangerous
delusion.
The disposition to listen to reasoning and facts,
in preference to declamations and reveries. having
become almost general, we shall now indicate a par.
ticular point of view, which is one of the most urn!
portant, sod to which little attention appears hi-
therto to have been paid.
Frepce, it is said, possesses the right of putting
down a slate of things in Spain which keeps France
herself in continual danger.
We have uo used here to examine the limits and
conditions of this right. We shall merely show,
that the exercise of this right is very difficult—very
tosordous to direct in the particular situation isf
Frasice with respect to Spain. We vet out at first
with the principle that every idea of conquest, of
1 aggrandisement, or of territorial indemnity, is
oat of the question. The pure and noble object
which alone can enter into the views of the King's
poveruFprott is to ettoblisl) in Spaiu an order of

Suppose the present elate of affairs changed by
an armed interference, however successful—suppose
sis at Madrid, surrounded by a victorioas army—.
the King and his august Family hive been respect-
ed by the Hevolutinisists—tlry hate not been drag-
ged to the Isle of Lem, ! What Gmternment could
be established in Spain ? is sot far, only
which are in question here—it is meo. Thew have
been iu Spain between the years 1814 mad 1880, at.
least ten complete changes ur mioimy ; there exist
from forty to tifiy persons whip luivesaccesslvely fill-
ed the places of Ministers, sod who. almost all. have
hero illigracefully dismissed. Siich, especially, wax,
the lot of MM. l'inirro mod %Kay, who sckburii-
ledged, on all hands. that alwellate power ought bot
to be gestated in 14fiaisa—that it is morally dead ;
and who alone excited a certain expectssion of aft.
It.isty, resting on their will-known idling/. We
loom that these atintina .1 elianges were sitribiveif
so the inherent defer-ts to absolute pat.:re, as it is
moreover no one wishes to raise ill ghost.. Hot
ihree years of coaustsitstnuial role hare not heels
less fruitful of change. dictated hr di..eutiou4,
succesovely crested among remarkable men,
and their coterie; improperly called parties.
There have been nearly two ministers for each,
year, and without reckouiug
tete, ministers mi interim and ministers refu.shig tq.
act, we nut compute at 30 or 40 the number wt.
men who have sat in council, all in tarn scanda.
listed and discredited in public opinion. Now. hoist
whence will von take 'nun invested with diet su-
perior moral turce wl ich is especially tiecusirary to a
government, legirlative mud rettpratire ? The fal..
Rifftrial wailer seems to be exhausted. ;Every
combinutiou has been tried—all classes or citizens
hive been put to the proof—noblemen of rank, pre/
ialva. advocates, journalists, wigs, misfit mown% _
and engineers, figure in the diverse lista of adussis
ni•tration.
Spoils is arrived at the polo% to which"perpetual
changes muss conduct nation delivered over
to this dangerons soncte."7loo lee for the moment
without morn! credit, sod authority only inspires
ephemeral confidence. .
Suppose, however, a French army of 90,000 or
100,000 men mater or Spain, what means exist
of
sodeirogr
bicreinug a
,ingG'ioisierriimroteurit capable
reirsnci of durations
niilityiih
country, after the retitrn of the lib,rating army ?
Where are to be fous,d the elements tif each a
Government ?

It is tieemary, then, always to recur to a prat
longed military ncenpstion. But might not as
touch security be prryturell by on army fir 30,00(
men stationed on the Pyrenees, qs by 100,000 mei&
scattered over the whole Peninsula ?

------ _ .
This difficulty is therefore a very weighty reason
in addition to all those which render the mete pot-
sihility of • political situation which would force
France to make war against Spoilt r subject to he
regretted. We admit, and we always must admit,
that the revolutiorany violence of some Spsitisrft*
may. in spite of all the prudence oT the Frencli
Government, occasirit this unfortunate necessity.
But we think that one of the mess of ahatiag
die violence of the lipaniards would he to refrain
from expressing with vehedience a desire foicibly to
change in Main an order of things which might he
succeeded by one still worse. from the mere attempt
or even hare threat of change. By wisli,ng that
Spain shorild be allowed time to reflect and to email
pose itself, we do not aid the Revolutionists of Me-
&id; on the contrary, we believe that such a pro.!
seeding would paralyze finis power. for it is found-
ed only upon fears and the illusions of ;session;
reflection would destroy it. and more rapidly than
is probably imagined. We desire. and alwaya
shall, that in time, end with the consent of the
Mogi there should mite in Spain. we will not
say a party, but • union of men sufficiently
powerful, and sufficiently skilful, to acqdive
and retain in their hands an authority adequate to
effect, without foreign interference or civil war, the
modufications a high uasuredly all enlightened melt
in Spain wish for, hut which they have end retests
for not tipprOving of. as long as lining* 14roptopeil
them in is hostile manner. It is iii this view of the
subject that we sorer with the Moniterr in.reord-
ing the friendly relations subsisting between the
Bourbons of France end Spain as a source of hope,

A foreign Power could not give to a Spanish Mi.
nistry the necessary qual,fications to enable it tr.
support itself without %mistimes. AI ost an army •fr
occupation, then, he left in Spain? Xis, it will I
staid, improved totlitical institutions would 'office t .
consolidate the state of things that would he r•-
rshlished. It isl a veil datigietoo% thing lot • ferric..
Power to form, or to assist in forma* Constitu-
tions. is it ilmoihlr, at this niontent, to strike ,ti
it o heat a good Constitution For Spain?
Spain swarms with nobles, but it has few of s de-
icription so coos:lose a political aristocracy of ail,
strength. Have we not seen hew the very small
number of landed proprietors who exist in Spain
were delighted with the law agoitiot maiitelte,
how they hastened to sell their freffinents our altsr
the other? Have we not seen, and do we not
see, Spanish grandees of oho first oat mmashers of
patriotic societies? A Chamber of Peers in Span,
would doubtless be au jual.itatmu capable of be:

1

MI

I

Ji

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~).

111

'coming a gnorantee hereafter; bat ■t present it
would be itself without a guarantee, as well as with-
out power.

The mass of persona who take a part in politics
in Spain is at present composed of three classes; or,
saute properly speaking, there are in that country
three democracies, naturally distinct. The first
consists of the beneficed clergy and the monks; this
class is the Item friendly tothe existing Constitution,
but it is not favourable to any other power than its
Own—it inclines ins great degree towards • repub-
lican theocracy. Merchants form the second clan
probably indifferent as to the political instituti
hut decidedly opposed to military occupations. The
third class is composed of the liberal nobles, mili-
tary officers, lawyers, end of all persons who are ac-
tively connected with the present state of things.
The rest of the notion have no political ideas. I
mistake; they possess one which prompts them to
shoot or stab every foreigner who would attempt to
ruler their country in • hostile manner.
Now, frame wise, well-balanced constitutions for
a people thus strange to the manners and social
state of other European nations. The best consti-
tution will not put an end to peril's., or conspi-
racies, nor to the furious contests of parties.
Some persons, doubtless full of erudition, pro-
pose to re-establish the ancient Cortes of Castile
stud Arraguo. This proposition has been favour-
ably received by all that party who are desirous of
turd interference; but to induce its abandon-
ineiit, it is sufficient to point out that the old as-
srutbt•es of eflrtes (that of Arregon 'specialty)
tio.sessed a still more eitteneive power than their
actual successors ; and that the famous oath of the
Amigoneve, " If not, not," is a principle of in-
surrsction far more popular and dangerous thou
the obstract thrones set out in the constitution of

Charters, ancient or modern—theories, good or
evil—these filings have no power to cure the fever
of civil commotion.

Fore—wisdom—them are necessary ; but where
shall we look for them in ■ •ation agitated—dia-
'meted ; in a nation which foreign invasion may
drier to acts of irremediable fury ?
Take the case so we easy, any central power esta-
blished at Madrid by the assistance of foreigners
would infallibly be met with opposition in the
provinces; and that opposition in the present moral
state of Spain, will never have to look far fur men
d:snoted to rush to the field with muskets on their
sl.oulders.
We sill add, too, that we have hope from the
character and from the spirit of the Spanish notion,
which did not commence a revolution to establish
anti-monarchical institutious—to crush the throne
and the existing dynasty; but which, having taken
ap arms to defend its lawful Sovereign against a
usurper, found itself compelled by events to create
a tciastitution tor itself by way of rallying point—
s provisional constitution, of which it foresaw the
defects, and which it reserved to itself the right of
revising. Fill the Royalists forget that Cadiz was
the La Vendee of Spam) Shall we despair of see-
ing those who defended their legitimute rulers
against Bonaparte, correct, of themaelver, those
excesses which have not originated in their plan of
revolution, but to which the coincidence of circum-
stances only has given birth ?

DUTCH PiiPERS.

HAGUE, DECIMilig 6.

Our accounts from Frankfo►t say, that the Aus-
trians Government had received news of a very
bate dote from Turkey, from which it appears that
the elate of Constantinople daily becomes more
alarming. In Peru, where the Ambassadors reside.
great apprehensions were entertained since the pub-
lication of the order of the Sultan, by which all
the Tusks ■re again summoned to take up arms.
The dangers are incalculable to which the Franks
will be exposed, if the people of Constantinople
should be armed; the greatest excesses would cer-
tainly he committed in the city, nod the Jsuissaries
would hardly fail to join the populace, iu order to
plunder and murder the Christians.
The Emperor of Austria having ordered some
districts of Croatia to be restored to the kingdom of
finngary, which were divided from it by the Peace
of Vienna, a deputation has been sent to Vienna
to thank the Emperor for this proof of his favour.
Letters from Odessa say that the Persian army,
which had advanced as far as &serum, had been
obliged to retreat for want of provisions. It was
also reported that troubles had broken out in the
southern provinces of Persia, and that the Court of
Teheran bad need of troops to restore tranquillity.
The letters from Verona of the 22c1 say. " The
Ministers of the great Powers have been constantly
occupied in their last conferences with the differ.
vices between Russia and Turkey. Their delibe.
rations are the more important, as it appears that
Baron Sturmer has sent official news that the Porte
lias revolved to keep all its troops on the war esta-
blishment during the 'rioter, which proves that it
fear. the decisions of the Congress may be of a
nature to cause a rupture with Russia.

" The Grtek DepUties.are still neighbour-
hood, and it is not known what answer the Minis-
ters have resolved to make to their application to be
admitted to the Congress."--(Datrh Papers, De-
cember 7.1

HAMBURGH PAPERS.

STOCKHOLM. NOVIIIIIIII 19.

We have received the official news that his
Majesty intended to leave Christiania yesterday.
Preparations a►e making to receive hit Royal
11,,litiess the Crown Prince in the most Battering
manner. It is probable that mooy persons belong-
ing to the Royal Court in Norway will spend the
winter here with their families, and, air the Diet
seill'he assembled, the capital will he very full and
lively. His Majesty is expected here on the 27th
The Committee for the Steam Boats, which was
intended for au eery, reariniable, and constant com-
intinscat.on between St. Petershurgh, Stockholm,
and the cartel", coasts it the Baltic and Copenha-
gen, and thence to Ilulland (between -which and
England regular steam-boats are already establish-
ed), has given notice to the subscribers that ui.lare-
ahrl/ obstacles prevent fur the reseal the execution
el- Ibe phut.

PONEMIVISI ge.
The prohibition int% hittiy liven rcutmvetl, to give

. 77".
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