Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-09-08 00:00:00

THE NORTHERN TIMES.---LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY, SEPTEWBER 8, 1857.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE

maintain so largo a force et Bashire, when its services may
be imperativay required in India ? Should Persia officially
refuse to evacuate Herat, it would be undoubtedly less dfi-
sirabla to remove the force than before the announcement
of suoh a broach of the treaty. But by remaininfr at
Bashire that tom, without strong reinforcements (ioe
likely now to be availtb'e f,r a long time), mild do nothing
but hold its present position. Yet that position, as far as
I see, could be maintained without the force, which, it neel

bo, might be despatched for service in iuslia at once.
Karrack could be retained by a regiment and one or two
°rulers, aided by a war steamer or two, and tho latter
might effectually blockade Bishire, and prevent the
occupation of the town by a P.trsian army. Moham-
merah, in like manner, might b; given up, and the
cruisers there removed for service at Karraek.
Unless I vastly mistake the signs of the times,
a 'ratty quarrel is brewing between the Turks and
Persians anent the boundary question ; at sll events, it
is not likely that the former will allow the Persians to
re-erect the fortresses upon the Shatt 001-Arab which hare
been dem Aished by us The erection under any circum-
stance; was in violation of tide treaty between the two
countries, and their existence might have cut off at any
aliment the Turkish trade on the river from the Gulf to
Bsssorah, Moreover, by all accounts the Persian army in
Arabistaa is said to be so utterly disorganised, and the
State finances at so low an ebh, as to render it morally
certain that the Perians cennot re-establish themselves in
forco their for some time to come. What I would counsel,

therefore, under pre-4eut circumstances, should Herat not
be surrendered, is this,—remove our forces from Bushire to
. .

India ; garrisov Karraek, block ide Bti,hire and the neigh-
bouring forts, and keep the Persians from occupying the
former place, should they attempt it, by cccasional shot
and shell from the b!ockatling squadron. This course,
while it will recder availahlehr India the British force now
in Persia, will be a sufficient threat and punishment to the
Shah until we are able to take more elf ctual measures for
the chastisement of such a breach of the treey, Of ci,uree,
our hope is that Persil will see it to be her interest to ren-
der unnecessary any such hostile proceedings on our part,
in which case we hope to hear that the announcement of
the evacuation, of Herat will be made to Mr. Murray on
Lis arrival at Teheran, looked for about the Ist of August.
In 15 days the news of the same could, be transmitted to
liushire, so that on the 16th of August the whole British
force may evacuate Persia.
KURRACIIEE, SCINDF, JULY 13.

The Berenice arrived here on the 2d inst., with the Per-
sian state prisucerg, the ea-governor of Bushire, the
Deriali Beg, and their suits, wto proceel this evening to
Bus)74L e, in the steamer Ledy Canning.
Everything is quiet in Seinde and the Punjunb, and
nu fears are at present entertained of any outbreak in
these quarters.

means which ~re available an efficient, direct, and regular
communication, as to enable us to afford to those who
go to do battle for their country, such support and
assistance from home as they are justly entitled to
expect, aay, demand. The respoasibility :will be heavy,
indeed, should it prove that this dcfect service being now
rejected cannot be established at a later period of the
year, when its real value to the country *lay become but
too painfully apparent.— Obserner.

AppRoAca:NCT LUNCH OF THE GREAT
EASTERN.

It is now mom than three :ears since the lofty
walls of iron forming the sides of 4.1)e Great Ens` ern
began to excite the wonder of Yoyas-ers up and
down the Thames, and as she approaches comple-
tion public interest increases. Enormous a'..ze,
which is naturally the distinctive feature that first
strikes the observer, is, however, one of the least

of the marvels that belong to the joint production
Of Me. Scott Russell and Mr. Brunel. We have
the assurance of the former that the Great Eastern
is built up:m precisely the same model as every
vessel he has constructed since his discovery of
the wave line 22 years ago. In the wonderful ship
which now towers rime 70 feet above the level of
the Isle of Dogs, dwarfing every passing vessel by
her enormous proportions,. we have only an exten-
sion of the lines upon which Mr. Russell built the
little Wave, of 71. tons. This may relieve these
who regari the " big ship" as too much of a novelty,
and still leaves sufficient food for wonder in the
knowledge that she is about the eighth of a mile
in length, and more than twine the length of the
Great Britain, whissh, a dozen voxrs ago, was the
largest iron ship then built or thought of. But
her breadth is much !ess in proportion to her length
than that of the vessel just named' (being 82 feet
" over all"), a point of difference which affords the
best ground for the antitinations entertained of the
speed with which she will cross the Atlantic.
Granting, then, that the mammoth ship is merely
an extended -copy of ail other iron steamers
built on the• wave line principle, let us see what
are the " one or two exceptions," so modestly
alluded to by Mr. Russell last week before The
BritiAl Association at Dublin. The most promi-
nent, in reality,. though a feature whiea escapes
unprofessional visitors, is the cellular construction
of the upper deele, and the dower part of the hull,-
tap to the water line, or about 30 feet from .her
bottom, which is as flit as the floor of a room,
This system, while it gives greater buoyancy to the
hull, inere“tes her tetrength enormously, and: thus
enables her to resist almost any amount of out-
ward pressure. Two walls of iron, about 00' feet
high, divide the vessel longitudinally into three
parts, the inner containing the boilers, the engine-
rooms and the saloons, rising one above the other,
and the lateral divisions the coal bunkers, and,
above them, the side cabins and berths. The
saloons are 60 feet in length, the principal one
nearly half the width of the vessel, and lighted
by skylights from the upper deck. On either
hind are the cabins and berths, these of first class
passengers being commodious rooms, large enough
to contain every requirement of the most fastidious
of landsmen. The thickness of the lower deck
ryill prevent any sound from the ergine rooms
reaching the passengers, and the vibration- from
being at all felt by them. On each side of the
engine rooms is a tunnel through which the steam
and water pipes- will be carried, and also rails
for economising labour in the conveyance of
coah The berths of the crew are forward, below
the forecastle,. which it is intended to appropriate
to the officers whose apartments are at present
only marked by a few uprights, rising 10 or 12 feet
above the main deck. Below the berths of the sea-•
men are two enormous cavities for cargo, of which
MOO' tons can be carried, besides coals enough flir
the voyage to Australia, making about as many tons
more. The weight of this huge ship being 12 0-00,
tons, and her coal and cargo about 18,000 tons more,
the motive power required to propel her 20 miles
per hour must be proportionate. If the visitor
walkeaft4.and looks down a deep chasm near the-
stern,. he will pereieve an enormous metal shaft
100 feet in length, and weighieg sixty tons ;e
this extends from the engine-room nearest the

stern to the extremity of the ship, and is destinad•
to move the screw, the four fans of which are of
proportionate weight and dimensions. If he.
walk forward, and look over the side, he will sea
a paddle-wheel considerably larger than the circle
at Astley's;and when we learn that this wheel andi

its fellow will be driven by four engines, having a
nominal power of 1,000 horses, and the'screw by a
nominal power of 1,600 horses, he will have no,
difficulty in conceiving a voyage to America in
seven days, and to Australia in thirty five days..
The screw engines desit,ned and manufactured by
Messrs. Jlimes Watt and Co., are by far the largest
ever constructed, and, when making revolutions
nor minute, will exert an effective force of not less
than 8,000 horses. It is difficult to realise the work

which this gigantic force would perform if applied
to the ordinary operations of commerce ; it would

raise 132,000 gallons of water to the top of the
Monument in one minute, or drive the machinery
of forty of the largest cotton-mills in Manchester,
giving employment to from 30 to 40,000 operatives.
The four cylinders eagh weigh about 25 tens, and
are 34 inches in diameter. The crank shaft, to
which the connecting rods are applied, i 3 a forging,
and weighs about 30 tons. The boilers are six in
number, having 72 furnaces, and an absorbent
heating surface nearly equal in extent to an acre
of ground. The total weight of the engines exceed
1,200 tons, and yet they are so admirably contrived
that they can be set in motion or stopped by a
single hand. Sails will not be much needed, for
in careering over the Atlantic at twenty miles an
hour; with a moderate wind, they would impede
rather than aid progression ; but in the event

of a strong wind arising, going twenty-five miles
per hour in the course of the vessel, sails
may be used with advanta rle; and the Great
Eastern is provided, accordingly,6 with seven

masts, two square-rigged, the others carrying fore

and aft sails only. The larger masts will b 3 iron
tubes, the smaller of wood. The funnels, of which

there will be five, alternating with the masts, are
constructed with double casings, and the space
between the outer and inner casings will be filled
with water, which will answer the double purpose
of preventing the radiation of heat, to the decks,
and economising coal by causing the water to
enter the boilers in a warm state. Her rigging will .
probably cause moat wonderment and disturbance •
of ideas to nautical observersofor, besides the un-
usual numbcr. of . masts, she will want two of the '
most striking features of all other vessels, namely
bowsprit and figure head. Another peculiarity is
the absence of a poop. The captain's Egan-lawn.; is
placed amidships, immediately below the bridge,
whence the electric telegraph will flash :he cent-
mender's orders to the engineer below,, the helms-
man at tho wheel, and the. look-out man at the ,
bows. In iron vessels great precautions are neces-
sary
to prevent the compass from being influenced
by the mass of metal in such attractive proximity,
and various experiments have been made with the
view of discovering the best mode of overcoming
the difficulty. It was originally intended to lo-
cate the compass upoaa stage, 40 feet high, but this
plan has been abandaned, and a standard eel:apses
will be affixed to the mizen-mast, at an elevation
beyond the magnetic influence of the ship. What-
ever misgivings may be felt as to the length of the
vessel and the great length she will carry amidships
will bo set at rest before she even touches the
water, by the mode of launching, an operation as
great a novelty as the ship herself. The plan
hitherto has been to build the vessel on an inclined
plane, and at right angles with the water,
but in the case of the Great Eastern
' this was impossible, on account of her
great length, to say nothing of the expense
of building a vessel of her enormous dimen-
sions in a position which would elevate her
forecastle nearly 100 feet above the ground. These
considerations led Mr. Brunel to determine upon
launching her sidways, with which view she has
been built parallel to the river. In. construcfmg
' the foundation of the floor on which she stands,
provision has been made at two_ points to ensure
sufficient strength to bear the whole weight when
completed. On these two points she will rest when
ready, and thus her strength will be tested in the
severest, and therefore, most satisfactory manner.
Two cradles will be introduced at these points, and
she will then be moved by two powerful hydraulic
engines. Timber ways are laid down to low water
mark with an incline of one foot in twelve, andiron
rails of a peculiar Construction are to be laid upon

these transversely. A. tell-tale will indicate the
rate at which the two ends are descending, and any
difference that may oclur will be immediately
rectified by strong check-tackle. It is calculated
that she will advance twelve feet per minute, at
which speed her Submersion will be effected in
twenty minutes. The cradles will then be draws
from under her, and she will be towed to the
opposite side of the river, where she will Ity until
ready for sea.

It is raid that Mr. Bachanon, the president of tk•
Mited &Ales of America, is resolved to put dwa-ri Mer.
monism—at any rate, to break up the community e
Utah,
A letter from Berlin says that Chevalier Bunsen is abort
to' publish a new tran4stion of the Bible, with explanatory
notes, and that the first volume of it will appear at the
end of the year.
In digging the foutdationg of the viaduct ov.-21- the Iltmo,
near Bologna, a large quantity of geld coins of the fouith
century was found - a few days ago, at a depth of about
twelve feet. Some are of a ,equare form, but most of them
are round. It is supposed they wera buried there with
some barharias chief.
A letter from Berlin, of the 21,1, says The Princess'
of Prussia and the hincess Charles set off to-flay for
Weimar, to be present of the inaugu'ation of th? statues of
GAthe, Schiller, arid Wisland. The two' pricc;3ses are
sisters of the Grand Duke of Weimar, and were p;rsmally
accrainted with Goethe "
Tile COUNTY COUltTi,—lyat year 581,053 ofai'nfs were
entered, and the c,urts sat 8',775 days. T ere wire 534
sittings by deputy-judges. The plaints were for .£1,533,666.
Only 741 causes were tried by pry. Joel tztn-lat was
Otailed for £725,413, and the c s'r.3,were .£1€3,34.. The
sum of ;E1:13,M was paid into court. without p -oceeeling
to judgment.
BANK, oar Aiorot.—As soon as the Mews of the reeen
bank sl;spension reached Glasgow, the MiTila'.),ETS and
directors of the City of Gls:34°w B ink, will: a c)rtsilratierk
and promptitude worthy of al praise, desoteiel !dr. Stro—
nach, their insurctor of branches, to D oilas, with filly
thousand pounds in gold for the use of the iuoular branches,
in order to meet any ran which that ev nt might possibly
occa s;on. Sun,

TIIAT WON'T own to, some sympathy with
Prince Albert in reference to position. To be the
subject of his owe wife itf not a very die,ifi-d, attitude,
and its moral effect 071 their children cauw. be very
sslutary. Ranacur says that bye-and-bye 11.. King-
Consort; perhaps, ultimately, relieve the giten of the
care of the Governnunt=a desire it is said she frcqcently
expresses!. If nothing else, jealousy of the couritry ig
an insaperable obstacle 4o- die arrangement —Weekly
lispatch.

Tun flazix or FRA.Nal.—TAtters from Paris allege that
the bullion in the MIA of Francc.has increased 1,400,X1a
since the last monthly return The diecount market is
else said to he easier, choice paper being negotiat d at
between 41 to 5 per cent. Although the Bank mairr-
tains its psisstlan only by a7tiloial otvehases of ;old, the
sueculators a-o hoping that a redt:etion of the rate of
discount to 5 per enf*. soon be adopt-d. The-
projected issue of Z 2 notes will•probable accelerate that
measure.

GREAT WEiTERIT itAlLWAY.—Theilirntors of this cora—
pany are raking the most aciv;.t,-measui-es to reinee, as far
as poesible, the werlcieg expenses of.their rims. A number
of' the daily trains. wilt be dimentinued this month, an
arrangement that will occasion a enrAtnewurate diminutien
in the outlay necessirily incurred by the heavy train mile-
age. The lecomotive estabLsbraent- at Swindon will
participate in the genera! curtailment ; three handred of
the artizine, tc., employed at th 3 works, having already
received notice to leave the s.,3rvice.—D9rsel County

Tina Qtrciontr. PASSA CZ IN VIE ANNEL. —On Friday
night the royal- mail packet. Prince FredenA William,
ran with the mails from Dover to Oilais, againit tide,
in °se hour and 2T minutes, an 4 returned next morning in
one hour and 21. minutest.. O© Saturdisy- night she pro—
ceeded to Ostend, and ran the 7 3 statute- miles in three
hours-and' .50 minutes from the tine she was ordered to go
on outside• Dover pier to be time Fhe was-rased in Ostend
Harbour, averaging ins this passave a speed of above 19
miles an balm She landed. her n ails and's passengers
at Ostend three hoors and a- half before the snail trails
s'arted.

Ix FIENMT; LAWCZPIGE'S Sucassa on,.—Thu officer what
succeeds so distingaishsc! a swan as ,Sir 11. Lawrence at
Lucknow is Major Banks, who has boa, a in India 28 years,
is a first ra'e linguistvand has- seen ti 'tech active service;
amens other campaigns he served ir. tht second expedition
to Cabal. Hs filled tee offlee- of deter ty secretary to the
Government of India military eitpartmet it for some years,
and in that capacity went through e eiride with Lord
Hardiage, and Pegu with, Lord Bethel isie. The latter
nobleman appointed him to be hie militte sy secretary, and
sent him from Oetacamund to Iseeknow t wo years ago on
business connected, with the annex wean . He is com-
missioner in Onde in chaegn of Led:now, and so succeeds
his late chief. Sir C. Napier, in a letter datec I May 31,1850.
thus writes :—" There are come glorious rh igistrates who
really do exalt the 'honour and power of I ;ngland in the
East. I came throne' a district governed b' r a Mr. Banks,
Ido not know-shim, I never saw hem, but I really felt
proud of my countryman,. Yet even there I saw tyranny
by the board which rules thePunialsb; be can nut help that
all he does himself is splendid."'
CRIME IN Feeeca.--A. dreadful men ler has been
committed in the Qaarter St Eiienne at Caen. Same
thieves broke -into the shop of 11.1. Peschar , watchmaker
and jeweller, of the Rae Guillaume-le-Con q terant, and,
after having reordered him, seized on a gel Yr quantity of
valuable property and got clear off.. The Aloniteur dza
Calvados gives the follawing details of the eri Lite :—" The
thieves, supposed to be three in number, oht tined admis-
sion by means of false keys, one of whim left behind
them. Everything indicates that they we re well ae-
quaiated with the premistas and they took tie precaution
of placing. a short ladder across the top of tl s-airs by
which Peachard would have to descend, if by chance he
should happen to awake. A spring which con arnunicatect
from the shop to the bedroom was cut off by the thieves,
and a small dog, usually an excellent watch. was strangled.
From their knowledge of Peschard's habits the y went at
once and took the keys-from a small box where they were
kept, and used them to open the show glass( s. The
thieves were ab eat to retire when Peschard, who was
awokeeey the noise, rose in great haste and ran out of hisa-
room an the first floor, but, coming against the 13 dderefell
down the stairs. On hearing the noise of his tall o ne ofsthe
thievee ran to the door which opened on the stair case,, and
threw large paving stone 'at Peeehard's head , which,
however, missed him and bele against the wael. They
all then rushed on him and a desperwe fever; ele took
placeebut he was FOOll overpowered. He received a deep
wound from a poignard in the sheulder, an I his seswilants
werethen about to fly into the street, when l'asq;hard. pur-
sued them. He laid hold of one, who, in order to release
himself, discharged a-double-barrelled pistol p t blank at
hire, one ball hitting him in the heal and ant Sher inthe
neck. The unfortunate man fell, and the roe h rs took to
.highs.. Two men were arrested the next, (123, 1 n suspicion
having offered two watches for sale to some se Idlers- at the
barraeks." abave named journal does not state
' how it has came to a knowledge of the details
just narrated.. '['ha Court of Azz:z,s of the Gard
tried two yotarg, men named Antoine and .Tesques
Peyrot for the murder of their mother. The
woman, who lived at Mont en, had been married .threetimes, but in March last again received the addresses of a
man Named Chivasy. As. a marriage with thal person
would probably have had the effect of depriving the two,
sons by the woman's first husband of some property which.,
for a person in her station,—that of a peasant,—wan not
inconsiderable, the two yorog men conceived - a mortat
hatred of her, and after a while they openly-di:flared 01
if she persisted in the pc ject of marrying again they weenie
murder her. On the morning of the 30th of April last
was noticed that the neman's shutters remeinedclosed, and
her two sous, who did not live with her, were sent for.
They entered her chamber, aecampaniec by. some neigh-
bours, and she was found lyiag dead in Cubed with a sheet
over her face ; she was dleadfully beaten about the head.
and on her throat was the mark of violent pressure from
cord._ From marks of blood and other, circumstances it
clearly appeared that the woman most have been murdered
at the bottom of the stairs, and then carried up teller bed;
bat as she was a remarkably strong woman, it appeared
morally certain that one man alone could not have killed
her; there were, moreover, no. signs or any forcible en-
trance into the house, neither had ally robberysnor attempt
at robbery, lastly, no one, except her two sons,
lad reason bfoereuputtingroads
her to death. All this threw strong
suspicion on the, two young men, and, besides, it was,
noticed that neither had manifested the slightest. surprises
or regret at finding the poor: woman dead. Tey were
arrested, and on bring interrogated, the younger, Antoine,
after a time confessed it was they who had dr,ne the deed.
" We went," he said, " to the house together, and my
mother on secing us asked What do yeti want'? 1
answered, c Jacques means to kill you, and he, has forced
me to come and help him.' The we nan raised a cry of
'
horror, but at the same moment %Turves struck her about
the head with some blunt internment until she fell to the
ground. He then to'd me to steangle her with a cord
which we brought, and I did stns while he held her. When.
she was dead we carried the laxly upstairs, and placed it
in the bed." The jury dee) ared the two brothers guilty,
but will extenuating otrsSurestances, and the Caurt gene
tensed them to hard 'tabour for life. A man named
Bonnefoy, their melee woe tried with them for complicity
in the crime ; and it was stated by Antoine that he, front
disgust at the ides.' of the woman marrying a fourth time,
had excited them, to perpetrate it, but as there was net
other evidence against hilt the jury acquitted*