The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1803-07-02 00:00:00

N.IY4L ZWTELLIGENCE.

PLYMOUTH, JVSE
Carne is the Prince of Wake, of 98 guns, Rear-
Admiral Sir R. Calder, Capt. Coming, from Spit-
head ; she but night captured a smuggling boat,
with upwards of lett/casts of spirits on board; al-
so the Ea le Excise cutter, from a cruise oil the Isle
of Ras : the Eagle left the Loire, of 38 guns, on Sa-
turday last, in chase of a strange sail, suppOsed to
he a French frigate, as sh not answer signals.
The Loire also chased a Frenc schooner privateer,
of 141cunzs, into the Isle of Bas--.the ilvtunsn, of I I
guns, the westward.
roxersuovr it, JOVE 30.
His Majesty's ship Staboree, of 3ti guns, the
Hon. Capt. Boyle, it is expeled, will not take out
the convoy to the Mediterranean, but deliver up
the charge thereof to another frigate, that is daily
looked for from the Downs.
The Cerlerue, of 32 guns, Capt. Selby, and
Alcmene, of 32 guns, Capt. Stiles, have been paid
bounty and two months advar.ce ; and the former is
under orders to proceed to sea inimediatel y.
In consequence of the light winds which have
prevailed since the sailing of the men cf war and
East Indiamen yesterday morning, they were obliged
last night to bring up at St. I (clew; ; and have
sailed this day, with a tine moderate bree:c at S. S. E.
Sailed the honourable East India Company's

ship rt/Tem, to join the convoy under the command
of his Majesty's ship Granola.
Remains at lipithead the squadron as before, with
sererul transports, hired and revenue cutters.
FA 1.M0UTH,11.441'. 23.
Arpeared or t pit Ms Majesty's ships Lapwing,
Camilla, Falcon, and Tap: etitter,with the fleet for New-
foundland and Canada under convoy, and were
joined by The twig //ape from this port, Captain W.
parr, with wine, for Canada ; also sailed the brig
letter of marque renal, of London, 16 guns, Cap-
tain Granger, on a ; and the Speedwell ditto,
it; Runs, Colmer, on a vain.
Arrived last evening his Majesty's ship hie, of 50
gun;, with troops on board, and sailed again imme-
diately for Newfoundland, and was joined from
hence by the Qom Charlotte cutter.
Arrived this day the brig Baud, Purchase, from
London ; and, the Hopewell, Clark; from Bristol,
with bale goods, groceries, &c.
Put into Helford, and will sail again to-morrow
on a cruize, the following letters of marque : the
Dover cutter, Captain Tapley, of Dover; the
lugger, Capt. BAlabrook, of Alderney ; and the
Toting Rover schooner, Capt. Gilbert.
The fluciland packet takes the Lisbon mail of the
28th inst. and will sail on Saturday next. Wind E.
SHLERNtss, JUNE 30.

Arrived his Majesty's ships Beaver and La Cb:
fume, from the Thames, the latter was paid this day.
'lle Methante, French prize, is obliged to be laid on
%hore on account of her leaking so excessively ;
the people were almost constantly at the pumps,
and could scarcely keep.her free. Lieut. Wear is ap-
pointed to the command of the Ferrero. gun-brig.
A company of the East-Middlesex Militia have•
marched in here, in the room of the First Royal
Garrison Battalion, embarked for Portsmouth.
Y•ILI/OUTH, JUNE 30.
Yesterday . . arrived the Aoklia frigate and
imirtlc in
Cruiter g • from a cruise; also two Dutch
schuvts. Sane the ilticiland packet, Capt. Bridge,
for Toesingcn ; and the Diana packet, Capt. Stew-
an, for tottenburgh, with mails and pas,engers.—
Yesterday morning arrived from a cruise off the
'Dutch coast, the Etbalian frig,ate.--Sailed on a
crti:,e the Clyde frigate. The light ships and men
0'..w.1r which have been detained by contrary winds,
:-.:: expeded to sail this afternoon.—Wind E. S. E.
DEAL, JUNE 30.
Sailed the Charlotte schooner, with the General
Stewart, Mortimore ; Ann, Purrie ; Northrunpton,
Baker ; and Glory, Taylor, for India, and several
other outward-bound vessels, under convoy for
Portsmouth.

LIVERPOOL' JUNE 29.

Arrived the Stork, Robinson, from Africa 'and
Havanna,' ' • Crres, Moore, from New York; Apollo,
Pitt, from Dominica; Adams, Bullock, from Mas-
sachussets; and the Atlas, Whiteside, from Jamaica.

FROM LLOYD'S LLYI'.

AIRIVED
In the River—The Embden Packet, Bormiston ; and Cones,
Neve+, from Hambrri.
At Beiitul—The James, It utler, from Jamaica; Cornelias,
W.:Alan, from Philadzlphia ; Rising Staters, Lockwood, from
Vl,ll, York; Sally, Raw, and Lewis, Urr, from Boston.
At Leith—The Prospe,t, Ray, from Bounleaux.
At liwurcleatex—The Fame. Mu on, from Charlestott,
At New Vork—The Iris, Skinner, Prop London.

THE BRI7ISH NAYT.

-

STATEMZIST OF Tat DIST aiILUTION OF THE BRITISH
NAVAL FOECES, TO JUNK I.
Lisle 30's
In Peet asi fitting 4
If;ttards.iips
In the English and lnsh Chan-
nels
en the Downs awl ?Lath Slit sta-
tions

Fri.
29

Svc

23

At thc West bat Islands, and ua
the Passage.
Oa tile Janta.ica acti-J...1 . . 9
Arn..ricilt 41.,.1 New,:uur...llatul sae
Low: .
C. of G. 11.1.., F.at I,ldics.and at
the Pas--air.
AC, 44 of AGi‘4 0
P. rtt:lat .04 6,' ibr,i : 1 r
M 41aerrauean and on Patice lO
ti .ikital sad P;isou Shlps.. 5
____

Told in Conuni 1)
Receiving Ships
Serric-al.l, and repairing for Serr 1 0
in Ordtuary ;4 0
Bkadrl:44

Total 195 I 24

STATS OF THE ORDINARY LTOCAMI
Lief. Ws. Frig.
IPortionottth 2l: l 21
•Plyusouth
Chatham ll9 6 IR
Shrerivers 1 0 .8
River
Total

93j 9 941 46 24)1

41117CDOTES OF BEN.7‘I3IIN COUNT
. RUMFORD.
Sir Benjamin employed the four first leers of his
abode at Munich in acquiring the political and sta-
tistical knowledge necessary for realizing the plans
which his philanthropy suggested to hint for im-
proving the condition of the lower orders. He did
not negle& in the mean time his favourite studies;
and it was in the year 1786, in a journey to Man-
helm, that lie made his first experiment' on heat.
Political and literary honouts paired• in open him
during that nu:Irv:I!. In 1785 'he was made Cham-
berlain of the Eleftor, and admitted a member of
the academies of science of Munich and Manheim.
In 1786 he received from the King of Poland the
order of St. Stanislaus ; in 1787 he made a journey i
to Prussia, during which he was eleted a member i
of the academy of Berlin. In 1788 he was ap- I
pointed Major-General of cavalry and l'rivy Coun- .
senor of State. He was placed at the head of the
war department, and particularly charged with the
execution of the plans which he had proposed for
improving the state of the Bavarian army.
At last, the following year (178 p) witnessed the
accomplishment of the numerous prca‘a!is meditated
during those which preceded. The house of in-
dustry of- Manheim was establistre;c6 thrhilatids of
Mulhau near Manheim, Which till thi(*tinie had
been nothing but a pestilential Morass, useless for
culture, and pernicious to the health of the iriliabi-
tants of the city, were joined together, surrounded
by a mound and ditch, and transformed into a fertil
garden, consecrated to the industry of the garrison.
The tine establishment of the military academy of
Munich was founded ; a scheme.-of military police
was founded to deliver the country from the nume-
rous gangs of vagabonds, robbers, and beggars, who
infested it ; schools of industry, belonging to every
regiment, were established, to employ the wives
and children of the soldiers; a veterieary school
was instituted, and a stud of horses proVided for
improving the breed of the country.
At the beginning of the year 1790 the house of
industry of Munich, that fine establishment, which
the Count himself has described at length in his
essays, was formed, for bettering the condition of
the poor ; and mendicity was completely abolished :
nor has it again made its appearance in Bavaria,
since that memorable epoch. The beautiful Eng-
lish garden of Munich was begun, and military
gardens established in all the garrisons. The So-
vereign expressed his obligation for these numerous
services, by conferring on Sir Benjamin the rank of
Lieutenant-General of his armies, and giving him a
regiment of artillery.
. In 1791 he was created a Count of the Holy Ro-
man Empire, and honoured with the order of the
White Eagle. He employed that year alid the fol-
lowing in completing his projects, in reilistring the
obstacles by which attempts were made to interrupt
their progress; in a word, since the truth should be
spoken, in resisting the attacks of enemies who en-
vied his success. This species of labour, and the
anxiety of mind inseparable from it, impaired his
health to such a degree, that his physicians declared
that his life was in danger, unless he retired for some
time from business, and had recourse to a change of
climate. He obtained permission from the Eleaor
to take a journey into Italy; and before leaving him,
communicated, in a detailed account, the principal
results of his four years admieistratiou, compared
with the four years which had preceded his entrance
into office.
The journey lasted sixteen months. tonnt Rum-
ford, after having travelled over all Italy, and a
part of Switzerland, returned to Bavaria in the
month of August 1794. He had been attacked with
a dangerous illness in Naples, and his slow recovery
did not permit him to resume, on his return, the
transanion of the business of his department, over
which he contented himself -with exercising a general
superintendence. He laboured in his closet ; and it
was at this time that he prepared' the first five of the
essays which he has published, • -ao,
In the month of September' 179.5 he returned to
England, after an absence of mote than eleYen.years.
The principal °hie& of his journey' was to publish
his essays, and to dire& the attention oi the English
nation toward the plans of public and domestic eco-
nomy which he had conceived, and realised in Ger-
many. One of the most respeCtable men in England,
Lord Pelham, now one of the ministers, was then
Secretary of State in Ireland. The Count complied ,
with his invitation in the spring of -1796,- and took
that occasion of visiting 'hat interesting country.
Ile introduced, at Dublin, several important im-
provements into the hospitals and houses of in-
dustry, and left there models of a number of useful
mechanical inventions. They were tl i.! first objeets
which struck my attention when I visited the Society
of Dublin.
Every testimony of honotir and . gratitude was
Lavished upon him in this Country. The Royal Act-
demy of Ireland, the Society for the Encourage-
meut of Arts and Manufattures, both iteete,A -him
an honorary member : • and-after !laving left the
country, be received a letter of thauks-TroM -the
grand jury of the county; of Dublin, ad Official let-
ter from the Lord Mayor of the-city, and one from
the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. These pies ',..,' all
of which I have seen, are filled with the 'mast flat-
tering expressions of esteem and of gfatitu:i e.
On his return to Lnriclota he clttetlea' the ahem-
,i
tions, which had been adopted, on hie recommen-
dation, in the Foundling-hospital. andhe presented to
the Board of Agriculture several ateteith?esi as me- 1
dels for imitation.
The philanthropic activity which dist nt. edified this
epoch of his lite manifests itself in dvay'fdrni. It
was at this time he placed in the English and Ame-
rican funds, two sums of Pfeil sterling each, to
establisha premium to be given every bees-lears to
the author of she most useful discovery; -dude re-
spOlively in Europe or America, on light, or heat.
The premium is a gold medal worth 1500 francs. It
must be adjudged in Europe by the Royal Society
of London, and in America by the Academy of
Sciences of America.
Nothing seemed sufficient to withdraw bins Irma '
these tranquil and important occupations, when the
events of war called upon him to disphitY his military
talents for the service of his ildopted;ceenitye Ge-
neral Moreau having crossed the-Rlsia. and; de-
feated several bodies of soldiers, who disputed with
him 'ts passage. nivanced by -nick marches to -Ba-
-----....—.......

varia. Count Rumford, 011 receiving this intelli: •
gence, immediately set oast to join the Eleaor. His
arrival at Munich was eight days previous to the
epoch when the sovereign was called upon. to quit
his residence, and to take refuge
iin Saxony. Rum-
ford remained in Munich, with nstrultions from the
Elector to wait events, and to act according to the
exigency of circumstances ; they were not long in
requiring his interference. After the battle of Freid-
berg, the Austrians, repulsed by the French, fell
back upon Munich : the gates of the city were shut
against them. They marched round it, passed the
Inn, by the bridge, and posted themselves on the
ether side of the river, on a height which com-
manded the bridge and the town. There they
ereaeil batteries, and firmly waited far the French.
In this sintation, some inconsiderate transactions
which happened in Munich, were interpreted by the
Austrian general as an insult pointed against him-
self, and he demanded an explanation of theni from
the council of regency, threatening to order the
town to be fired upon, if a single Frenchman enter-
ed the city. At this critical moment, the Count
made use of the eventual orders of the Elector, to
take the command in chief of the Bavarian forces.
His firmness and presence of mind awed both par-
ties; neither the French nor the Austrians entered
Munich; and that city escaped all the dangers with
which it had been threatened.
On the return of the Eledor, the Count was placed
at the head of the department of the general police in
Bavaria. The services which he rendered in that
capacity, thouh less brilliant than military exploits,
have been neither less valuable, nor less conspicuous.
But the excessive labour to which his zeal and acti-
vity betrayed him, the opposition which he often
experienced in the exercise of his ,office, again af-
felted his health to such a degree, as threatened his
life. The Elector, impressed with esteem and gra-
titude towards him, wished not to allow him to sink
under a labour too severe for him, and desired to
find the means of procuring him the repose which
he required, without altogether depriving himself
of his services : he appointed him his Envoy Extra-
ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court
of London. But the rules of England not permit-
ting a subjeß of the King to be accredited as a fo-
reign Minister, the Count has not exercised that
office, and has lived, since his return to England in
1798, as a private individual.
Meanwhile it was reported in America that he had
quitted Bavaria for ever, and the Government of
the United States addressed to him, thrcugh the
medium of the American Ambassador at London,
a formal and official invitation to return to his na-
tive country, where an honourable establishment
was destined for him. The offer was accompanied
With the most flattering assurances of consideration
and confidence. He replied, declaring at the same
time his profound gratitude for such a mark of es-
teem, " That engagements, rendered sacred and in-
violable by &Teat obligations, did not permit him to
dispose of himself in such a manner as to be able to
accept of the offer which was made to him." There
remains not, surely, in that reciprocal language,
the least mark of enmity ; and the Historical Soci-
ety of Massachusets, on eleeting Count Rumford a
member, communicated to him, by their president,
about the same time, their unanimous desire of seeing
him return to his own country, and take up his re-
sidence among them. His answer, which is to be
found in the American papers of that time, was very
much admired.
Toward the autumn of 1800, Count Rumford
went to Scotland. The magistrates of Edinburgh
paid him a visit of ceremony ; gave a public dinner
on his account, and to these marks of distinction ad-
ded the freedom of the city, conceived in terms the
most flattering. They consulted him on the means
of improving the existing clutritable Institutions, and
on the measures proper for abolishing mendicity.
The work was undertaken without loss of time, and
that great enterprize was finished in a few months
with complete success. In Edinburgh beggars are
no longer seen, and all the poor fit for work are be-
come industrious. The Royal Society of Edinburgh,
and the College of Physicians, elected him at the
same time, respectively, an honorary member, and
the University bestowed upon him the degree of
Doctor of Laws. The diploma was inserted in the
Edinburgh newspapers.; it is written in the most
elegant Latin, and recounts shortly and truely the
obligations of humanity towards my illustrious
friend.
He employed himself during his stay in that city
in superintending the execution, in the great esta-
blishment of Heriot's I lc spi tal, of the improvements
which he has invented with regard to the employ-
ment of fuel in the preparation of food. I myself
have heard the high approbation with which the
cook of this hospital speaks of these improvements.
1 have before me a mote respectable testimony, and
in approbation a which the grounds are better ex-
pressed, on the same subject. It is a letter, lately
received from Mr. Jackson, one of the chief ma-
nagers of the hospital. to the author of these ins-
provements. The following is a copy of it
siv DEA a siR, Edinburgh, joy 21,.1501.
" In orsier to afford you the most ekaft informa-
tion with regard to the result of the reparations made
in Heriot's Hospital, I have thou *t it better to Ist
a considerable time elapse, that their utility might
be the more confirmed. I have now the satisfac-
tion of infcirnaing you, that an experience of six
months proves with certainty, that the same opera-
ions are executed with a sixth part only of the fuel
which was employed before. The saving, however,
will be only two thirds, because the price of charred
coal (soak) is nearly double that of the fuel which
was used before. I assure you too, with much
pleasure, that the vkluals ate much better dressed
than before, and with one half less trouble to. the
servants. In a word, I cannot express to you the
convenience, the neatness, and the saving, which
distinguish the improvements introduced into the
hospital under your direEtion. The kitchen, the
washing room, and the drying room, are, so admi-
rably contrived, that, in my humble opinion, it
would be impossible to improve them.
The Lord Provost and the Magistrates join me
in acknowledgments, &c. aJ A MIS JACKIJN."
• . -c
The Royal and -lnuarian Societies have ad-
- .
Sunday

AntiqL
journed their meetings till November.- The
evening conversations at Sir JOSEPH BASIKA'S iS also
closed for the season.

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