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titt
• PARLZ.IMEN'r.
• • ...MOO VOSIIIONs, IYEnstso4t, JAN. 94.
At 60 o'clock the Speaker took the Chair,
upon vitiating the House, them appeartog only
thirty-nine Members present, the House was Of
cootie adjoarned toter O'clock tomorrow %awning.

STATE OF EU1(01! E.
at? TIM COMMENCEMENT OF THE YEAR ism

(Cowlolled frost oar Pape► of Taudat•)

In the prosecution of the surrey before us, after
Rum*. we naturally turn to the two Scandinavian
Pewees. Denmark and Sweden. Though it would
be nugatory to suppose, that, eithes from the joint,
or from the separate exertions of those States, the
destiny of Europe can he materially changed, or
its extrication effected ; yet may it be useful, and
it is indeed indispensable, to state, in few words,
their actual positios. Both are entangled in the
bound in the chains of the Corsican Ruler
of theContiaeat. Frederick the Sixth, who intuit
ever retain a deep and implacable recollection of the
cepture and pillage of Copenhagen, carries about
with him likewise the painful consciousness, that
his fairest provinces, the Duchies of Holstein,
fiebleswick. and Jutland, which connect him trr►i-
torially with Germany, sod from which he draws
his best and surest revenues. are in the immediate
power of Napoleon. His troops, stationed along
the Elbe, only wait, is fact, the signal to enter on
the Danish dominions. From Wismar and Kid,
en she Baltic, resod to Tonningen. liusum, and
Alttins. on the German Ocean, all is Isis. Even
Copenflogro itself is hardly beyond his grasp, and
Norway may rather be considered tie a sister king-
doms velantarily united with Denmark, than as a
subjected province. To these multiplied reasons
for sebmission, is probably added the hope, 'that
flansburgh, Lubeck, Rostock, or some or the Ger-
man towns and territories, torn by Bonaparte from
their rightful masters. may. at sonic fortunate mo-
ment, he thrown by him to Denmark, as the re.
erisapense of her losses and her adherence. Hardly
eon Holland. or Westphalia, be regarded as more
subjected to France. than are the Danish Sivereigu
sod his resources.

Swedes isatillen into a coudition still more abject,
!betides*, and humiliating. Scarcely is she any
%ogre to be counted musing the Contineutal States,
deprived of her best means of subsistence, Finland.
sail saleable, mules* by the interposition of Napoleon,
to prevent her complete extinction, alum' at any
oesistimt. from the overwhelming force and proci-
silty a Russia. Atexauder, master of Finland;
to the extremity of the Gsilrh of Bothnia, and pos-
sessed of the Isle of Aland. may be said to have his
hood ots the throat of Stockholm; and Charier the
Wild+, even were he in the full vigour of his age
sod faculties, could do little to repair the ruin of
whkb he is a spectator. He bas found it easy to
awed the throne of his nephew, but he cannot
hope to reinstate the Swedish Crown iu its former
dignity or security. To the fatal heroism, or ra.
the r, should we say. to the misguided infatuation
anal alienation of mind. manifested by his predeces-
sor, these national calamities are to be solely natl.
!Wed. We may compassionate the &per, d anal
exiled Gustavus. as we pity our own Edward the
Sectors'. or Richard the Second, iudivirlually ; Lit
he cannot justly lay claim to any portion of our se-
rious approbation. To persist in impotently mak-
ing war on France and oil Fiensparte, after:Monis
anal Piursia had submitted at use at once
to sign his own personal de,tructioo, and the ruin
of his cannily. We can neither blame our viiiiidcr
at his 'cisme and imprisonment. Charles tt:e
Twelfth, wheu his eeceatric'tics and his pa con. for
war became 100 pernicious to lie longer tolerated,
disappeared like. Gustavus the Fourth. Sweden
Cosi no loner hope to Post as a power, except hy
Na,mleou'i soppoci and protection. Oil I .he
mast loon for every sort of aid. The rccor, ry of
Finland. while the Itusrian Empire rein tins en-
tire. is altogether hopeless, when the immense- isie-
quality of the two States i. coosiakred. Napoleon
rosy. indeed, not i•nprobably. restore to the present
X •ig, &roe are a.surril he means to do, the
met at the mouth of tile Oder, delionimated 50...
di.li Porneraiaia. lira he has alren.ly dismantled
Si .ilsniid, end demolished the fortification.. Ile
eon, therefore, re-oCciory that detached and d. fence-
lea, province, at his plettotare, the revetitio, of which
set too iocoofialoraLle to meat atfintion. Stralsund
ores to the Swedes. what Calais wan to the English.
under the Plantagenets and the Tudors. The one
served as a key to France ; the other, as an entrance
into Gerrnaoy. If Calais reminded as of Edward
the Third, of Cressy. and of Poicaieni; Pomerania
awakened, in the mind of every Swede, the raplona
of the great Gustavus, and the victories of that Mo-
welt ewer Altera. Bat, es Eliztbeth would have
disdained the restitution elf Celair, when rendered
an open town. so is Stralsund and its petty district
alrOVtlier a boon of Au value to Charles the Thir-
teenth : hr can only be accounted among the vassal
kings, who mast receive their orders from the
Thoolleries.

We have yet to cast a glance on the Ottoman
Empire, before we close our Review of Europe:
for, though Asiatic, ■orl divievered by rJiginn, a.
sell oe by manners, the Turks occupy finny of the
mad beautiful, favoured, and classic portions of our
quartet of the globe. Nor do we by any means

mauler the minim., of that enipite.ns exhatisted,
noter ithstamAug the convulsion% the massacres, and
almost tbeauarchy, which perpetually desolate the
cajiital. The position of Consmeitiviople is, indeed,
so happy, so advantageous, and so difficult of access,
that it seems selected, as to defy ail approach ; and
it has been justly remarked, daft the metropo-
lis of the Eastern Empire, though reduced for cen-
turies, previous to its fall, almost to the walls of the
imperial city, yet survived the destruction of the
Western Empire, and of Rome, near a thousand
years. That the Turkish Sultans no longer inspire
terror, we must admit; and the reigning Grand
Seignior, whose very name is scarcely known in
London or in Paris, forms only a very inadequate
Representative of the Mahomets, the Solymans,
and the Selina', who, after subjecting Greece and
Hungary, menaced Italy, Poland, and even Ger-
many, with a Mahommedan yoke. Yet, even in de-
cline, and almost in ruin, the Ottoman Empire con-
tains within itself prodigious means of defence ; nor
tio we believe that Russia, though her armies may
pass the Danube, will easily overcome the nume-
rous impediments presented by the nature of the
intermediate provinces, between that river and Con-
stantinople. But, Napoleon, now Master of the
Illyrian Country, possessing Dalmatia, Croatia, and
the Territories which border on Servia, Bosnia and
Epirus. is a much more formidable adversary. Ile
may march, in a few weeks, from Cattier°. from
Zara, or from Spalatro, to Salonichi, or to Adria-
nople. Nor could the fleet of England, though ad-
mitted into the Sea of Marmoni, prevent the cap-
ture of the Turkish Capital. In this situation, ei-
ther in conjunction with Alexander, the Corsican
may subject that Empire on this side the Bospho-
rus; or the Sultans, unable to repel and to resin
the Rnmian arms, must have recourse to his protec-
tion and support, for preservation. Whichever of
the two alternatives the Turks 'embrace or adopt, is
alike fatal to their independence; and almost to
their existence.' Nor is it easy to conceiv, how they
can long avoid either the one or the other. Such is
their position At the present hour. From that quar-
ter, t horefore, .we must not look fur any effort, be-
yr od those which are limited to their own defence
against the Muscovites. Bonaparte may arrest the
progress of Alexander, and may even sustaio the
Ottonsuns, till lie has effected the subjugation of
Sprain and Portugal. But, if ever he were to suc-
ceed in that flagitious enterprize, he would soon
direct his emotion, and turn his victorious arms, to-
wards the Hellespont and the Euxine.
After the melancholy and humiliating picture
which we have traced, marked ill Most in every
feature by the character of despair, we might seem
to be justified in exclaiming with the Ronny Sa-
tirist.

" Nil ergo optabont homing* ?"

Is there nothing left fur the human race to hope or
to expect ? We are, however, fa:. from acquiescing
in so painful an infrience. With the same impar-
tial pencil that we have delineated the calamity, we
shall endeavour to demonstrate that it not only may
admit of curl, but that it ca:rics perhaps in its
own essence, the 'principles and seeds of that mad.
cation to which oe look forwarad with so much
anxiety and impatience. Stupendous as is the ele-
vation of Bonaparte, admirable us is his machinery,
awful, ■nd alimot irrisistuble, se his power appears,
firmly as its foundations seem to Le laid, and ce-
mented as it is by cc rry thing that subtilty, courage,
and crime, eau blend or unite ; yet must it be liable
to attack• of two demariptions, erternal and interns/.
Those of the farmer kind, as confined to the ele-
ment of the laud, mutt be exclusively sought for
beyond the Pyreiteev. llith.rto, it is there, and
there only, that his weapons have lost a part of
their edge. that conquest and victory have not pro-
duced submission; and that, at the cud of twenty
mouths, • country, witi.out II sovereign, without a
zovernment, except such Its nectooity created, in
order to avoid tote! anarchy, without armies, finances,
fortre-ws, or any of the ordinary 'resources and
sinews of war, sustain..l only by its moral abhor-
reoce HMI Iletelltdtlllll of the invader, has neverthe-
less maintained a portion of its territory, its naval
ports, and arsenals, and, shove all, its unshaken con-
.rancy and deterniiiistion to perish with arms iu
thew hands. litre, then, Providence seems to have
placed a sort of land-mark to the atrocities of this
imperial scourge and destroyer. There t., indeed,
something in the enterprise against the Spanish
crown and nation, so peculiarly and pre-eminently

flagitious, se base, and so uriVessed. if we may use
the term, that, for the 1/0660Uf of human nature
itself, we are strongly impelled to hope, that it
cannot he crowned with success. Against Austria,
or Prussia, Napoleon appears like Alexander; as
Francis and Frederic William resemble Darius, or
Poring. Wr are carried away by the velocity or the
movement, and by the splendour of victories. We
pity, but we despise, the pusillanimous and imbecile
governments, which he overturns, intimidates, and
subdiirs. H;it, towards the Spaniards, he appears
only as • perfidious, subtle, ungratefill. and un-
principled ruffian, stripped of every attribute or
quality that can mollify our antipathy, or conceal
the turpitude of his conduct. The Austrians and
Prussians have been conquered. The Spaniards
have been betrayed, inveigled, deceived. outraged,

massacred, pillaged, vilified, and dishonoured: in

return for benefits, services, friendship, alliance,
■n.l submission.
These facts, which wither Napoleon can deny.

nor can the most enthnsiastic of his pnnegyrists,, if
such there are, defend, or even extenuate; arc of
* nature so stubborn, so eloquent, mid so strong
.in their appeal to that moral sense which Coel has
implanted ill every linsoin, that se way justly ques-
tion whether the Corsican himself dares fully to
meet them. either in the Caliinat, or even in the
field. We cannot, it is true, know, but we twiy
suspect, that, habituated us he is to acts of blood,
of criminality, and of violence, he has never'!:eless
seen cause to repent, and to lament, that hr did
not rather content hiniselfwith goveroing Some: wi-
der the urine of Charles the IV th, in 01 Verili,ei,d
the Vllth, who would have been the pa-i•ive instru•
menu of his vengeutioe, rather than to have exas-
perated a whole nation, and to Lave eni,veited s.I
many provinces into tle•arts and snl:ti:des. Ili I:1111.
not now retreat, svitheut esposiii.4. not hie cremes
and his turpitudes, for those are known, Lot his
weakness, and the deficiency or exliaustare of his
military means. Even were he to content himself
with retaining Madrid, the tiro Castiles, and all the
territory between the Ebro and the P, tellers, he is
not less foiled and negatively vanquished, The ie.
mainder of the Peninsula, Seville and Lisbon, Car-
thagena, Cadiz and Corumiii, together with at
least live to six millitnis of inhabitants, would have
sorvivcd, and would have escaped his yoke. The
Spanish colonies are beyond his grasp, and may
defy his power. All these must lean ilium; slid
must form the closest political ties wilt Great Bri-
tain ; who may ultimately owe to the atroci-
ties of her implacably enemy, the commencement
and completion of a uew order of events, political
and commercial, the most auspicious; but it never
could, at least for a long period of time, have been
accomplished under the Bosublin tlyna•ty, if Bona-
parte had allowed them to slumber ou the Spanish
throne.

Such, then, are the causes from without, which
may, as we think, impede, arrest, derange, and
finally open a way to destroy the revolutionary des-
potism under which Europe bleeds, and lies pros-
trate, from Moscow and Buda to Madrid. But,
there are likewise causes from within, with which.
though we are very imperfectly acquainted, yet are
they sufficiently known and ascertained, to awaken,
and to justify the strongest, as well as the best
founded expectations, that they will gradually un-
dermine, or violently subvetl, the throne on which
Napoleon seems to sit so firm. Without admitting
into the calculation, all those accidents which may
abreviate or terrnivate his sanguinary career, it is
indisputable that many of the bases and foundations
upon which his power reposer, begiu to exhibit
symptoms of decay or of dissolution. The Con-
scription, one ottliese, the most solid and able that
human wisdom, armed with irresistible authority,
could devise, or reduce to practice, way, neverthe-
lcm, if overstrained, recoil upon its author. If he
persist io his resolution to subject Spain, he must
principally employ France to accomplish the work.
Neither the Germans. Switzer., or Italians, can be
trusted. They are men, and they have manifested
an invincible repugnance to slaughter a nation,
whose only crime is not submitting tamely to the
opprobrious usurpittiOn of a Corsican AdveiitUrer,
imposed on them by a tyrant, his younger brother.
But, even the conscription has its limits, which it is
dangerous to pass, or to infringe. 'Already, the
youth of 1790 have been called out. xteordirss
boys •loue remain, and Spain is • grave, where
they speedily perish■ This chord is a delicate one,
and may not bear much more pressure.

The eontasereiel edicts of this fierce and unrelent-
ing tyrant, which doom his subjects to poverty, and
which extinguish all the sources of human indus-
try, must likewise demand a very able and skilful
hand to regulate them. They may snap, sod they
have been, as we see, recently relaxed; no doubts
from apprehension and necessity. Even his Dukes,
hi Generals, and his Dignitaiies, though his ac-
complices in guilt, in plunder, in crime, and in en-
joyment, yet must, necessarily and naturally, desire
to see some termination to their toils and ha-
zards. Inaccessible to reinorse, they must still de-
sire safety and repose. In the bosom of his own late
fainay may arise avengers and enemies. Repudi-
ations and marriages, these dretnestic transactions,
though managed with external nerkitiescrnee, ore
new leaves in the volume of the Corsican's hi,tory,
and may be written in characters of blood.
rants, from Tilwrius down to Clinical's, have com-
monly become the victims of private vengeance, or
of individual revenge. Finally, esery considera-
tion impels us to hope, and even to believe, that,
however fallen mid prostrate, ur pressed and de-
rested, the States of Europeulay appear to he in
January, 1810 ; and, however tranquil or subdued
the French themselves may seem under the iron
sceptre of their foreign Master ; yet, that there is a
spark yet existing of national independence, dig-
nity, and freedom, which he cannot extinguish.
If there be, it will spread, and, finally, consume
this formidable oppressor.—At the moment that
we are writing, it seems to cry aloud to Europe,
and to mankind,—
" isartare attests aostris ex ossibus allot!"

Friday, in the Common Council of Duhrrn, on
the motion of Mr. GI Frasn, to petition against tl:e
Catholic Claims. •n Amendment Will moved that
the Question he adjourned for one year, and, we
are happy to awe, that the Ameadweut was car-
ried b) 39 to 34.

kD-)--,
HE BRITISH 1 i
LOT I)6l\'', N. .
THURSDAY, JANuAav 25.

• •.• For City Blyionit,ic. Relic lost

Our readtrs must have seem in our report
proceedings iu Parliament, on Tuesday, I
ADDINGTON party did not support the Arne'
moved by Earl t;OWER, in the House of C..,
a :II Lord GrtF.N VILLE, in the House of
This il.frcrence of opinion, among the Oppot
.horn not, however, hold forth any hope or rot
tiro to Miiii-tors,—The Amendment only
rt'etly to inquiry, and could he coultrued ,
)strepag till iothrect censure upon 'AL,
whereas Vi.,conta St ostotatt reCOM up-Died.
of the Amendment, an Address to His II
to remove them front office,

From the great length of the Oro dehr
Tuesday, in the !louse of Lords and the H.
Commons, it wLs inspossilile to do justice
parties. Wie, therefore, devoted the greater
uurcolumns to the taro Leadeis of oppo.mo,
GRENVILLE: Awl Alr. 110N4CINUY. The veil
,Lord CASILNREAIai and Mr. CANNII6. L
loading Miiiisters at the time of the events disci
were of minor importance, as th-7 contained
more than what these Right Ron. Secrets
State had already communicated to the pu!
their epistolary correspondence, given in
Newspapers, subsequent to the period of tl,
minable and extraordinary duel on Putiii•y-1

11'e this day insert Lord GittNema's
Lord FtanaL, his readiness to prrsei
Catholic Petition, but declining to move of
lilt( Lordship's reasons are candidly stated
letter ; and will, we arc confident, he Rai
tory to the great in iss of the Catholic Both
We have always contended, that what remi
be granted of the Catholic claims is, in rer
mere feather; but that this feather, while on
operates as a mill-stone about the neek of tl
tish Empire. With this feeling, we deeply
that the day of perfect emancipation and
equality is, perhaps deferred by the disaam
among the Catholics themselves.

Yesterday a Court of Directors was held
East India-house. when the undermentinned
wander. took their final lease, proions to
ing for their reipertivw destination.. viz.

Captain John Wend, thigh Inglis; Captain Ito!.e)
Aatrll ; ("vain Julia K Franklin,
titin 1t illians Nerbitt, Haddad Captain I) 4iot.
Tigris Captain I'. Herbert, Haddam;
dare
Baur&
James Hay, Sir Stephen Lusbingtou, fur net,
Madras.

Yottnetiesbeed, Almada, Bombay direct.
The following Cepteine were sworn into tlu
wind of their re.pective whips, viz. !

Capt Alexander eanspbell, Suiereign i Ca,tt G. V;
Indus; for Madras and Bengal.
The Court adjourned at six o'clock, til
morrow.

The undermentioned ships sailed from 1,,
for China on the I ith of Augur,t last, and
Yoe of His Majesty's ship Crylon, all urn,

Neptune, lloa....ddsr;n,• Tr;le Briton, ISortham ;
land, Wedderburu ; mud Sesdeby Castle, Loch.
l'he slips Surrey, Corobetlege; Caulk E..dea,
Metcalfe, liisuke ; Devi:m.l4re, J. Murray; Earl
Eustfield ; City of Lapidus, Yates; sad Retreat, flan
rived at Madras, the Isth utSeptember last.

East-India orders are this year given tt.
mannfacttirers, for 18,000 piecr4, which are
lees than thebrder of the preceding year.
The ships Surrey, castle Eden, M••tcalfi
rens/tire, Earl Howe, City of Londou, and
arrived at Madras the 13th September List.
We have received French Papers to tl e
'tent, hat their contents are not or any %awe
The Packets for Lisbon, Cadiz, and the

sailed on Sunday from Fail-month.
The dispatches received on Tuirmlay. from Fi
were from the American Nlinister •t I'mri4.
were put on hoard the Castilian sloop, off Fin&
by a Flag of Tr•re flout that port, snd f'r*
by the First Lieutenant of the Costigam to 1.!,/
They are suppoied to contain a copy of the
between Francs and America.

Mr. WELLESLEY will set nil imn3•4'*l'
Partamontll,l4 here the :inf.-tope. of s'o C";".
Gtooevetirrnry:nhei,iint. ot;tir.assTArnwa,b4ait:rsaid.owro
same time in the Veda/ fi %ate, on a legattul
Portrmtteee Cloyernmeet.
The SPLAKEIea tiist Levee till be or Sl,
the 3,1 Fehruarv.
The Rumau Catholic. of the cite re,
Carlow have appointed • ineeti-14,
tutu Lon.ideration the propriety of iiet.!l•.:o"
liameut for the removal of the
which their body labours; and the Cat,

comity of Donegal are al•in to 4 !I, • t n
Jay. at Letterkenny, in that counts, r
pose of considering the propriety of e.!1!
Members of Purl:Hinent fora:aid enni.ty for th'
port in favour 01 the Petition, about to t c ;:r
to the Imperial Parliament, on the part of
%holies of Ireland.