The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-03-31 00:00:00

FROSI LLOYD'S LIST.

Pete(Me,Ance 28.—Sailed the Sarah, Batten, for Vera
Can; ON Struther, for Hamburgh; and between seventy and
metery aoseles.
"ramose. Malice 28.—The New Harriet, Smelt, from
Biassing;; was this day cleared from quarantine.
POOTINOOT IL, 11l ARCII 29—Arrived his Maesty's ship Cal.
hope from a cruise. Put back the Morgiana, for London.
Coves, Alance 29.—Arrived from the eastward the Baltic
Merchant transport, to take troops to Gibraltar.
Dom., Mance 29.—Arrived off Folkestone yesterday the He.
lens, Rankine. front Charente for Newcastle. Passed through from
the Amer the Lady Nugent, Coffin, for Madras • General Phipps,
Baxter, for Alesico; Argo, Alerting, and Planter, Smith, for
Oporto; and the Retrieve, Steel, for Cadiz. A vessel's head.
tweed, with " New York" marked on it in large gilt letters, has
bees picked up in the Bay near Sandwich Haven.
WILATZsE D, MARCH 29.—Arrived the Kate, Frethwell, from
ifelaliorgh Premium, Young, from ditto; Zeemew, Droul, from
Smarm; Thetis, Trott, from Harlingen; Four Brothers, New.
larsh, from Worcum ; and Vrow Catherine, —, from Altona.
Sailed the /WOOS' Patterson. fer Quebec; Hope, Hunter, for
dies Hopewell, Dobson, for ditto; Rookwood. Lawson, for:
Das'a Svelte; Margaret, Kay. for Greenland; Union, Clinch,
fosirpyrsa; Norfoik, Greig, for Teneriffe; \%'ilton, Barber, for
Hoe; and New Minn, --, for Antwerp.
1/2,EIRPOOL, At ARCM 28.—Arrived the Mary Queen, Davies,
frau Gibraltar; and the Cimino, Tye, from Dordt.

Arrived c.fif Cork the Dolphin, Atark, from New Orleans.
Tile Hayti, Meyer, from St. Domingo to Bremen, sailed thu
2Stps Antr,ust last, anti has not since been heard of.
The Peter Ellis, from Liverpool to Surinam, out fourteen days.
waEspoken with on the lst instant by the Thistle, Alien, arrived
at Helisst.

ROYAL UNION ASSOCIATION.

This Institution, which has been formed under the
pitronage of the Duke of York and nearly 100 noblemen,
tun promoting the establishment and improvement of
Friendly Societies throughout the kingdom, has opened
ar:saffice in Lancaster-place, Waterloo-bridge, for securing
to (Le. Public from 61. to 100/. payable at death to surviving
friends ; from 4s. to 48e. per week during sickness, with
medical and surgical assistance and medicine; annuities,
endOsements, sums of money at deferred periods, pecuniary
aetetance for females at child-birth, and many other ad-
vantages, It is the first Institutiou of the kind which opens
itseloors as it were to respectable tradesmen as well as to
tins working classes: and amongst its present members
theft are nearly one hundred noblemen and members of the
If eppe of Commons. A fund is subscribed by the honorary
merttaliers, which is applied to the relieving of those mem-
bers mho become distressed by any unforeseen occurrence.
The sates for the sickness insurance are somewhat higher
that those of the best of the other existing institutions ; but
feselkople are aware that by actual returns of casualty and
oi4ignessi in Benefit Societies, comprising one hundred
and Amur thousand two hundred and eighteen members, the
average 'iciness between the ages of 60 and 70 is no less
Olen twelve out of every hundred the whole year round:
that important fact accounts for the numerous deplorable
fail ores which occur in friendly societies after thirty, forty,
and even fifty years of apparent success. It is the objeee•
of she Royal Union to correct the prevailing evil of mis-
caleivlathm which ever pervades Institutions formed under
high.autherity and upon extensive scales; and it is grad-
tyihg to know that friendly societies of every description
saaYemereand the assistance of that establishment in Ms-
proving their own plans, • and that where their affairs
appear irretrievable, the clubs can be admitted whole into
the Institution upon equitable tenns. It is a leading
feature of the Royal Union, that if the funds accumulate
beyond what is necessary to secure its future welfare, the
surplus is returned to the members alone in actual cash
payments, and that the general control of the afairs is in
the hands of those members who insure to a certain amount.
Assoeiauoits on the same plan are forming in Northumber-
land, Bedfordshire, and other counties, and it is believed

Mediterranean
North America

Jamaica

NEWSPAPERS.

Although the Romans had their Acta Diurna, yet in
modern times we are indebted to the Italians for the idea
of newspapers, the title of their gazettes being derived
from a small coin peculiar to the city or Venice, called p-
aella, which was the common price of their newspapers.
It has also been said to be derived from the Latin gaza,
which would colloquially lengthen into gazetta, and sig-
nify a little treasure of news.
The first paper was a Venetian one, and that only
monthly ; but it was the newspaper of the government
only. Other governments afterwards adopted the Venetian
plan of a newspaper, with the Venetian name to it; and
from one solitary government gazette we see obat an in-
undation of newspapers has burst upon us in this country.
" A jealous government," says Chalmers, in his Life of
Ruddiman, "did not allow a printed newspaper; and the
Venetian Gaxttta continued long after the invention of
printing, to the close of the sixteenth century, and even to
our own days, to be distributed in manuscript."
In the Magliabechian library, at Florence, are thirty
volumes of Venetian Gozettas, all in manuscript. "It
may gratify national pride," continues the above writer,
" to be told that mankind are indebted to the wisdom of
Elizabeth, and the prudence of Burleigh, for the first
newspaper in England."
In the British Museum are several newspapers, which
had been printed while the Spanish fleet was in the Eng-
lish Channel, (luring the year 1.588. The earliest news-
paper is entitled '1 he English Mercuric, which, by autho-
rity, was printed at London, by her Highness's printer,
1588. These, however, were only extraordinary gazettes,
and not regularly published ; and it appears that even in
this obscure origin they were skilfully directed by the
policy of thit great statesman, Burleigh, who, to inflame
the national feeling, gives an extract of a letter from
Madrid, which speaks of putting Elizabeth to death, and
describes the instruments of torture onboard the Spanish
fleet.
The first Newspaper in the collection at the British
Museum, is marked No. SO, and is in Roman, not in
black letter. It contains the usual articles of news, like
the London Gazette of the present day. In that curious
paper there is intelligence, dated from Whitehall, on the
23t1 of July, 1588. Under the date of July 26th, there
is the following notice:—" Yesterday the Scots ambassa-
dor being introduced to Sir Francis Walsiogham, had a
private audience of her Majesty, to whom he delivered a
letter from the King his master, containing the most
cordial assurances of his resolution to adhere to her Ma-
jesty's interests, and to those of the Protestant Religion."
In the reign of Queen Anne there was but one daily
paper; the others were weekly. After which Steele, Addi-
son, and others, attempted to introduce literary subjects,
and other topics of more general speculation, which, more
or less, have been continued to the present time.

THE ARMY.

(CIRCULAR AIENIORANDUSI.)
Horse Guards, AI arch 26,1825.

H isM ajesty's Government having decided on an augmentation to
the Infantry of the Army, his Royal Highness the Commander-
in-Chief has been pleased to direct. that the following revision
of the existing establishment and distribution of its force shall take
place accordingly.
Each Battalion of Infantry in the United Kingdom, as well
as all those on Foreign stations (die East Indies excepted) to
consist of
Six service Companies, at 86 rank and file - 516 I"0
And four depot Companies, at 66 rark and file 224 f "
The Depots of such Regiments as are serving at home, to con-
tinue united with their respective Battalions.
The Depots of Regiments on foreign stations (the East Indies
excepted) to be termed into Provisional Battalions, and stationed
agreeably to the distribution laid down hereafter.
Regiments serving in the East Indies to continue on their present
Establishment; those in future proceeding to India, to be aug-
mented to the Indian Establishment of Eleven Companies. and to
carry with them their Depots, leaving only the usual establishment
of a Recruitir Company in this country.
The establishment of the Service Battalion, and the Depot Com.
ponies, to bens follows:
Six Service Companies of 86 rank and file each-1 Colonel, 1
Lieutenant-Colonel, 1 Major, 6 Captains, 8 Lieutenants, 4 En.
signs, 1 Paymaster, 1 Adjutant, I Quarter-Master, 1 Surgeon, 1
Assistant-Surgeon, 1 Serjeant-Major, 1 Quarter-Master Serjeant,
1 Pay-blaster Serjeant, 1 Armourer•Serjeant, I School-Master
Serjeant, I Hospital.Serjeant, 6 Colour-Serjeants, 18 Serjeants, I
Drum-Major, It Drummers and Fifers, 24 Corporals, and 492
Privates.
Four Depot Companies of 56 rank and file each-1 Major, 4
Captains, 4 Lieutenants, 4 Ensigns, 4 Colour Serjeants, Ser.
jeans.. Deuuttners and Fifers, 12 Corporals. 212 Privates.
'The proviekstal Battalions formed by the depots of Regiments
on foreign stations, (the East Indies excepted) to be enibodled in
the proportion of three depots, or twelve Companies, to each Bat-
talion, as nearly as possible according to the stations where the Bat-
talions are serving.
The Staff for the Provisional Battalions so formed, to consist as
follows:-
1 Surgeon, 1 Assistant Surgeon, 1 Acting-Adjutant, I Acting
Quarter-Master, 1 Acting Sermon-Major, 1 Acting Quarter-
muter Serjeant, 1 Acting Pay-masterSerjeant, 1 Acting Hospital
Serjeant, 1 Acting Armourer Serjeant, 1 Acting School-master
Serjeant. 1 Acting 'hum Major.
The mode to be adopted for the payment of these Battalions, and
the respective depots of which they are Composed, will be the sub-
ject of a future arrangement.
The Commander-in. Chief has been further pleased to approve
of the following places as the head.quarters for the depots of Re-
giments on Foreign Service till further orders :
Foreign Stations. Head Quarters of Depots.
Ceylon - . - -
Mauritius - Landguard Fort Harwich.
Chatham and Sheerness.
New South Wales
-- •

Cape of Good Hope
Gibraltar -

-- iVeedon.
- Plymouth,

I Mr. Justice LITTLEDALZ summed up the evidence, and
told the Jury that they ought to consider the whole of the
circumstances of the case. It wu clear that the defendant,
wbe was in the employ of Messrs. Paley, in a situa-
tion above that of a common workman, had seduced this
young woman while be was making honourable proposals to her.
Thus was not the slightest imputation attempted to be cut on her
character. With regard to the offer made by the defendant's Counsel
that his client would marry the young woman, that WaIMNIDg that
they should lay entirely out of their consideration, bites aa the
offer could not be fulfilled before they gave in their verdict, they
could not be satisfied that it would be carried into effect. If the
defendant had made such an offer before the action, or even before
the trial, and had proved by evidence that that offer had been re-
jected, it would bare been material on the question of damages, but
that was not the case here ; they would therefore have to say what
damages the plaintiff was entitled to on the whole of the case.
Verdict for the plaintiff—Damages 1001.

NORTHERN CIRCUIT.

YORKSHIRE ASSIZES.—YORK, !lanai 28.

Special ✓ury.

D•IiKEN D. liar.
This case excited a good deal of interest in this county. The
Court was crowded Immediately after the doors were opened. Mr.
Baouou•st, Mr. TINDAL, Mr. D. F. JONES, and Mr. J.
Evans, appeared for the plaintiff ; and Mr. Scaal.EXT, Mr. J.
WILLIAIIII, Mr. F. POLLOCK, and Mr. PARKE, for the de-
fendant. It was an issue directed by the Court of Chancery to try
whether the late Rey. Robert Barker, the father of the plaintiff, wu
the lawful son of the Rev. Thomas Barker, formerly Rector of
Cherry Burton. A great body of evidence was offered on both
sides.
The Jury retired at half-past six o'clock, and brought in a ver-
dict, at half-past nine, for the plaintiff; thereby establishing the
legitimacy of the plaintiff's father.
The JUDGE, on receiving the verdict, said,• " Gentlemen, that
is the very verdict I should have given myself."