Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-10-15 00:00:00

dined•with the Mayor. In the evening, a soiree in
the Town Hall brought together'all the ladies and
:gentlemen elite of Birmingham, and speeches were
deliveted by those whom they =were most of all
anxious to hear.

dt appears that, in accordan©e with an ancient'
.eu-stern, or, as the recorder -says, " a right," the
Lord Mnyor of London is entitled to receive eight
"-bucks" annually from the Crown. At the Court of.
Aldermen yesterday the Lord Mayer.complained
,that, although he had mads•-application for the'
" bulks," he had nr.t raceived them. Alderman Rose
also.complained that he did not receive the "bucks"-
when he was sheriff. 'This "noutie question was
referred to a committee, who are to inquire and
Tarot.
Our Continental intelligence this morning is.
interesting. A decided improvement in the state
of the King of frussia's health is .now reported.. A
.Prussian journal, knownrto'be on good terms with
Ono of the Ministers, denies that anything about
FL visit-of Louis Napoleon to:Berlin has been settled.

A diplomatic conference has taken place at
Arienna.4 with the object of a resumption of the
diplomatic relations between Austria and Sardinia.
It is expected that these relations will be renewed
Very soon.

News hasbeen transmiiAed from Constantinople
to the effect that the English and Austrian minis-
ters had insisted, with the Porte, on annulling the
sew elections in the Principalities, in which the
ational party has been so,thoroughly successful.
The Constitationnel, however, is enabled to state
that nothing has come to the knowledge of the
French government to countenance this report,
and the fact that the sittings of the Divans at
Bucharest have already -begun, seems likewise to
militate against it. The latest Constantinople
letters say nothing of it.
The Norwegian Storthing, well .known for its
spirit of eitrem3 parsimony, has nevertheless
granted an increase of 40,000 rix dollars to the civil
list of the new Prince Regent. The latter at first
declared that he did not look for anyincrease, being
afraid, probably, of a refusal:; but be has accepted
it..

The Calcutta mails reached Marseilles yesterday
morning, and are now on their way across France.
They will reach here about tomorrow (Friday)
morning. In the
.meantime we publish despatches
which have appeared in the Gazette. in reference
to the operations of the army in India. These
despatches, of course, refer to events that are old,
and that have passed into the department of his-
tory, but as, for the first time, the official record of
such events as . the march of • Havelock upon
Cawnpore, the relief of the garrifr on at Arrah, and
the sacrifice of the Delhi magazine, the extracts we
give will be road with Considerable interelt.
The Baltic., which sailed yesterday for New York,
took out £76,000 in specie.

THE Mercantile position of the United States
is, just now, far from satisfactory. At present,
the Northern and Western States of the
American Union are passing through a monetary
panic of the severest character ; and, although,
there were symptoms of improvement at. the
date of our last advices, still, matters were in
such a Position as to .create a: feeling of
uneasiness. The signal for the " Crisis " was
^ •
the failure of the Ohio Life and Trust Company,
and the announcement of its fall instantly created
a feeling of coniternation, and a marked depre-
ciation in the value of stocks and Shares. This
was followed by Railway failures; then,
wholesale mercantile houses, and Stock Brokers.
And, last of all, the Banks began to give way.
Philadelphia and Boston, as well as other Cities,
were forced to yield`to the of the " run,"
and suspend specie payments. And, we fear,
that the Banks in these places was but the
forerunner for a general suspension throughout

Connected, as this-country is, with the United
States, not by trade and commerce alone, but
from the fact, that our investtnents iu.American
Securities, Railways, &c., are very large, such an
extensive monetary collapse requires that its cause
should he carefully inquired into. And,in 'doing so,
we must.say that, although England is disgraced
by the frauds whic4:_have been perpetrated on
the shareholders and depositors in- the Royal
,British, the Tipperary, and one or two other
Banks of minor magnitude and pretensions,—
Although, the deeds of Sir JOHN DEAN PAUL and
• Co. have been disreputable in the extreme, and
tie Railway frauds of REDPATH, and- others,
without a parallel, still, the Ohio Life and Trust
Company cannot point to a more honest or
satisfactory management. The New York cot=
respondent of the leading journal tries to account
.for the -"crisis" by observing, that the entire
disaster razy be traced to a simple " bearing "
combination, which, he alleges, has existed for
years, making an organised and systematic
attack. on the Railway interests of the country
'at that
.pariod of the 'rear when money is
difficult of attainment, viz., just before the
harvest, This, we do not regard as an ariatnent,
or reason, of the slightest validity, inasmuch,
as it is an indirect mode of proving- that the
financial, commercial, and Railway interests of
the United States,have anything ..b.ht substantial
grounds to stand upon— • • -

have briefly described, has been going on almost
ever since the discovery of Gold in. California.
The impetus to which that event gave existence, not
only as. regards business, but speculation, was,
without doubt, much greater than the pfoduction
of the gold fields at any time warranted. Since
the gold discoveries, it is -reputed at no less
than 1.00,000,0001. sterling of the precious metal
reached New York from the shores of the Pacific.
Yet, .a New York journal, of commercial autho-
rity, tells us, that " this huge amount of treasure
"has-naturally formed the basis of a vast and.
" magnificient financial and commercial system,
" increasing most of our produCtive values, and
‘. multiplying Railways, Ships, and property of
every description, beyond even the wants of
• our population. Speculation of all kinds has
" run riot, during the last six or seven years,
" and, although we have grown rich faster than
"any other country, we have kept ahead of our
" wealth, and of our actual progress, by a
" reckless course of expansion, wild enterprise,
" and social extravagance:"

There may be much truth in these remarks,
but we think those relating to Railways are
barely correct; and, that if their productive
values have been " multiplied." they could not
have given such sure and certain symptoms of
insolvency. Nor need we wonder at the result..
Lengthy and expensive lines have been construc-
ted through vast tracts of a barely populated
Country. Such lines, being without a people to
give them traffic, have hardly yielded any returns,
and,• as a matter of course, the dividends to
shareholders were scanty, and like Angels- visits
" few, and far between." The Directors, by
placing an enormous value upon the land, which
had been granted to them for little or nothing,
continued to make matters as comfortable as
possible ; hence, like some of the " Balance-
sheets" at home, there was a pretty account of
the value of the line. It was, we suppose, from
this circumstance, that Railway land, bonds,
and stocks, were regarded as valuable securities,
and found ready favour in the public. estimation
from their supposed growing prosperity ; and
on this purely fictitious paper the Banks made
large advances, and gentlemen, engaged in
commercial pursuits, were 'seduced to abandon
their regular and profitable occupations for the
purpose of speculating in. the worthless trash.
Such financial mancevouring could not continue.
It was impossible that the' bubble could proceed
expanding, consequently, that simple " bearing "
operation, at the 'period of the financial pressure
between the crops, caused it to burst with a
vengeance which inflicted universal injury.
But, what most concerns. the people of this
country is, the fact, that they have from eighty
to one-hundred millions sterling invested in,
American undertakings and speculations. Now,
no small portion of this will be irrecoverably
• lost as it must be swallowed up in the monetary
cpinvillsion whi hag 1-nlrpn. Tt
theretore, to be hoped, that the lesson which
recent events in America have taught the
British public, who have money to invest, will
not fail to hare salutary effects. It is bad
enough to make ruinous speculations at home
Gut it is still worse to give away: British capital,
for the purpose of developing the resources of
Yankee land. Furthermore, it is impossible for
capitalists to have that security for their invest-
ments abroad which they have at home. As
inAmerica, so, also, in all other foreign countries,
Stock and Share operations are carried on
beyond, their cognizance or , control. Let
moneyed men learn from this Yankee bubble,
that they can legitimately invest in England or
the British Colonies; and la the country at
large take warning how they encourage rash
and undue speculations.

touching.the inhospitable and ungenial character•
of the climate, the barrenness of the soil, and the
extreme difficulty of access thereto. We have
already shown in these columns that such was
not.the case, and thatsuch reports were concocted
and spread abroad for the simple ptirpose of
diverting public attention and enterprising
travellers from that rich and fertile land, and to
mantain a monoply which exercises a most inju-
dicious effect upon the trade and commerce of the
-country, and retards the social advancement and
progress of the people of 'Hudson's Bay. In all
that we have said respecting the Territory in
question, we are borne out by the witnesses ex-
amined by the Select Committee. Their opinions
may be briefly recapitulated. They' consider it a
beautiful and highly productive country, that_ its
people are desirous of a change of rule, and con-
sider that it is the duty of this government to
acknowledge the justice and necessity of
detatching a large district from the jurisdiction of
the Hudson's Bay Company, and annexing it to
our Canadian settlements.

The Select Committee could not be expected to
sanction such sweeping changes in the Charter of
the Company, and have been compelled, we pre-
sume reluctantly, to suggest that the districts -on
the Red river and Saskatchewan, should be imme-
diately transferred to the Canadian government ;
that for security of life and property, an efficient
and strong local government should be formed,
and that the districts which is towards the Rocky
Mountains should be made available for the pur-
poses of settlement and agriculture. Vancouvers
Island Ts' to be taken- from the monopolizing
grasp of the Company, and left entirely free
to develope those inexaustible - and rich
resources which it contains. In former
remarks on this subject we have shown
that the chief object of the country was to leave
these regions barren and inhospitable climes,
whereas, had they been properly cared for, they
would have been teeming with an enterprising
and industrious people, contributing much to
the material comforts and enjoyments of man-
kind. -It is a lamentable thing to see a country
of such.. capabilities, and important resources,
rendered a mere haunt of beasts of prey,—the
wolf and the bear,, and a few miserable Indians
who live the life of savages, their chief and only
Subsistence being the produce of the chase. The
Hudson's Bay Company have used every means
to set before us the frightful aspect of nature
in these regions. They have dwelt upon the
arctic severity of the climate, and hesitate not to
declare that it would be impossible for Euro-
peans to survive the piercing cold of a north-
western winter. But, although the evidence
produced gainsay these assertions, and all the
witnesses d Well emphatically upon the healthful-
ness of the climate, the productiveness of the
soil, the beauty of the valleys, the warmth-of
the summers, and the vast resources of the coun-

! • -•-•••• 11.11/1Q14.410, ioLav
cling to the hope-of obtaining a renewal of their
charter. Their past history as a Company, as
developed in the Parliamentary inquiry which
has taken place, must be a great, and, we hope,
an effectual barrier to awy such thing. The
question is one which concerns the people of
England in an important commercial view ; and
one which is intimately , connected with . the
progress of our Canadian brethren, and the mental,
moral, and social improvement of the native
settlers themselves. For these considerations, we
earnestly desire that whatever opposition the
Company may raise, whatever influence and poirer
they call into requisition in Parliament, when
the consideration of a continuation of their
Charter is brought forward, that a sense of
justice will reign supreme, and that the entire
question will be viewed in a broad and national
-light, and not in a mean and party spirit. The
Company has too long- been permitted-to exercise
their pernicious sway. The consequences of
their mis-government are apparent. Instead of
having large and thriving- cities, in which would
be beard the busy hum of industry—instead of
converting the waste and solitary -tracts of land

WE have on more than one occasion called
public attention to the,question of the Hudson's
Bay territory. Since we last addressed our rea-
ders on the subject, the report of the Select
Committee of the House of Commons, to enquire
into the petition of the people of Canada'
demanding the annexation of a portion of the
Hudson's Bay Company's territory, has been
published, with the minutes of evidence appended.
It is usual in such documents to treat the points
brought under consideration with the greatest
tenderness, and the opinbns recorded for the
information and guidance of the House, by
"Select Committees," are so cautiously worded
as not to give offence to the parties concerned,
and When suggestions are put forward, the terms
in which they are made are so moderate and
conciliatory that -the undiplomatic really thubts
whether they were intended for adoption or to be
• acted upon. Constituted as the Select Cott-
mittee, to which we refer, has been, it was to be,
expected that they would be particularly careful
and. cautious in the wording .of their report, per-
ticularly as the evidence appended wp entirely;
antagonistic to the . bias which they were
known to entertain. It is hardly a month since
the report of Captain Ktainedywho was sent out
by a, corn mittee Of Canadian Merchants, to
examine the valleys of the Saskatchewan and Red
rivers, to ascertain the pllysical- aspect and re-
sources of _the country, the condition, prospects,
and wishes of the settlers, and the best- means
for establishing a regular communication between
the North-west provinces of Carnal, and these
remote districts—has been laid before the public.
The contents of this important document, which
...
embodied the results of his enquiries are of the
most gratifying charafter, and entirely refutes
the averments of the Hudson's Bay Company, i

in gardens, bearing in abundance everything

necessary to man's-existence and comfort, there
is nothing but uninviting forests and unculti

vating wildernesses. Thousands of our fellow
countymen and women annually emigrate from
our shores.= There is an important field for such
people. Still, such is the conduct of the Hud-
son's Bay Company, that they have no en-
couragement to proceed thither.

' We would rather be disposed to attribute the
. monetary and ' .commercial difficultiee, which
have. been going- nu in the United- St.ttes; to -an
,unduel speculation,and through the consumption
of a much greater amount of capital than
.bas
been produced by the venture. In a word,
such speculators have. speat
.more money than.
they were making." Their insolNacy might; be .
deferred, it could not be'llvoidel ; for,' s)on3r or
.. • I
later, such financial recklessness must bring
with it the ,most disastrous consequences:: --How
could • it be otherwise ? We need not travel
froth home for illustration's of ,6t.ii. arkummt.
,Everyone knoia, that investments in unprofitable
undertakings, speculationsinAiolloW and worth
less Stock and Share S:ci.i. cities: though they
may have the appearance of "legitimacy,'' and,
for a time, assume the aspect of " profit" from
the inflation given_ to credit, b the expansion of
worthless and rotten paper, always, aid under
every circumstance, ends in ruin to the parties
concerned, thy having withdrawn their capital
from business to "get rich at a bounce," and
spend their money in luxuries. Any one who
has pttid the t attention to the commercial
and financial condition of the United States
cAnnot fail to observe, that the system; /thick we I

Before closing our remarks we may further
observe that, the Committee, of the 1-19 US of
Commons propose to allow the Company to re-
tain possession of Prince Rupert's Land. Now,
this will, retain in their hands the monopoly of
the fur trade; and also •a
traffic in ardent
spirits. This is a most fallacious principle to
propound. The fur, monopoly .has been the
greatest grievance of which we have to complain ;
so managed is it, that we have to go for the
most part to foreigners to supply us with furs,
instead of obtaining them in our own colonies.

'lt is no easy task to follow the life of a hurer,
as Mr. GORDON.LCUMATING has shown. Hence it
is that every encouragement should be given to
develope the fur trade, and not make it, as it
is -an -unjustifiable monopoly, more advanta-
geous to foreigners than the people of the mother
country.

THS MONETARY Cann; AT HAMBUEGIL—A correspon-
dent writing froth Hamburgh on Sward ly sa3s : —The
intelligence which has just bo2ii receive.' of the advance
in te minimum rate of diaconal by the BIT k of England
hai had a greater effect here than it appears to have had
in• London, where, perhaps, it had been more surely anti=

THE NORTHERN TIMES.--TAVERPOOLI 71-I[JRSDAY, OCTOBER 15, 1857.

cipated. It is almost impossible to procure cash for even
the best paper at a lower rate than 7i per cent. per annum,
while for any other description these is actually no
quotation. Coin of all kinds daily becomes' more scarce ;
and, as the various bankiog establishments throughout
`Germany have their hands full of railway, mining,
and similar shares, on which they have made ad-
vances, they cannot afford the usual accommo-
dation to the mercantile and manafalturing inte
rests in their various distrieta, so that all have
recourse to this city, as the monetary metropolis of the
North of Europe, and the supply of our local wants conse-
quently becoMes more and more difficult from these extra-
neous demands. The appearance at such a time of the
prospectus of a Swedish loan to enable the g,,vernment of
that conetry to construct the main lines of railway has
under such circumstances, been very inopportune, and
thEss northern financiers will find that they committed a
I •
great mistake when they did not accede to terms required by
our capitalists for the same purpose last year, as they will
not now be so liberally dealt with. On this occasion,
besides, they wish to have all the favourable alternations in
their own power, while the lenders are to be precluded
from deriving benefit from any advantagecus turn which
may take place in tte money markets of Europe.
As it is not probable that the application here will prove
successful to any extent, the demand will in all likelihood
be shortly transferred to London, where, in the present
state of matters, it is not to be supposed that it will meet
with a more favonrabie reception ; but it is a difficult
matter to persuade such borrowers thtt, even with the
demand for money there for the suppression of the Indian
mutinies, and for Britain's own more immediate purposes,
there is not at al times enough to be had.there to supply
the wants of all who may have cccasion to apply to them
for aid in every emergency, and the increase in the rate of
discount at this time may have the effect of enlightening
them on this subject.

MUNICIPAL ELECTIOX.—ST. PIMA'S WARD.—A very
numerous aud- highlytrespeetable meeting of Liberal
electors in this ward was held last night, at the Brunswick
Hotel, for the purpose of considering the propriety of
nominating a candidate to represent the ward in the
Council at the ensuing municipal election. A very
unanimous feeling prevailel, and a resolution was carried,
without a dissenting votce, requesting C. T. Bowring,
to offer himself as a canadote, and we understand that
that gentleman's address will be before the electors in a
few hours.

The Borussia, steamer, which put back here with
damaged propeller Int Saturday, was repaired and sailed
again for New York this morning, (Wednesday), and was
left outside all well.

CHRISTIAN MuruAL PROVIDENT SOCIETY.—The Liver-
pool Branch of the above Society held their annual
meeting at the Hope Hall, Hope street, last evening on
which occasion . upwards of 200 of the members and
friends sat down to a most excellent tea. After the coke
and other refresh.ments had been enjoyed by the company
assembled, the Rev. Dr. Raffles, as the president of the
society, took the chair, and ably explained the objects of
the society, which were to secure t) the memb -rs relief and
medical attendance in the time of sickness, ani other
benefi's. The'meeting was subsequently addressed by the
Rev. H. S. Browne, Mr. Baels, t►le general secretary, and
Mr. J. Payne, and a most pleasant and agreeable evening
was spent. _ _

•
The following is a list of passengers taken out by the
Baltic for New York:—Mrs.. Bowman and Miss Lock-
wood, Mrs. Wheeler and child, Mr. J. W. Wheslor, Mr.
J. Bourman and three servants, Misses WheAer, Mr. W.
Bodisco and lady, Mr. W. Copeland, lady, child, and
servant, Mr. S. Oser and lady, Messrs. J. T. Maury, T. B
Toler, W. W. Montgomery, Mr. J. A. Pesant and lady,
Miss Wulsey, Messrs. J. Holmes, E. Boyse, E. H. Wright,
T. G. Y. Martin, G. Scheperhausen, S. Kehnstamm, h. C.
Cowdin, Mrs. G. Lee, Miss Leupp, Misses Leupp, Messrs.
G. Lee, J. T. Shreve, Mr, C. L. Perkins, lady, and maid,
Mr. Navies and lady, Mr. G. W. Andrews, Dr. T. D.
Elliott, Messrs. Adderley, T. M. Connor, Miss Aiderley,
Miss Liese, Messrs. A. L. Myers, E. Has' inns, C. C.
Conserve, Louie, Gomnari, Miss Shreve, Messrs. EL Austin,
Atkins, A. Clauss,', Rosenganter, Mr. J. G. Anderson and
lady,'Mr. J. E. Anderson, Mr. A. G, ay, Miss F. E. Groves,
Mr. J. Tuckerman and lady, Mr. Tuckeripse.„.;";,,"-- ,T
0. U. uriteuen, air. rtirece, lady,
two infants, and servant, Mr. C Durand, Dr. A. G. Hull
and lady. Miss Egbert, Dr. Alexander, lady, and child,
Miss F. W. Leverett, Mr.-J. Van Wart and son, Miss H.
Norvell, Colonel Preston, Messrs. G. S. Ribbing, Carryl,
C. F. Hauskel, J. P. Hazard, J. N. Hazard, Miss M. P.
Hazard, Captain G nnitaue, Messrs, F. Ansley, S. Appleton,
R. J. Arnold, Mr. Tapscott. lady, infant, and servant,
Messrs. Mahler,_C. Helz Ale, Raymond, J. Bohan, P..
Mt llin, W. Kelly, G. M. C. Porter, Mr. 0. Price arid
leefy, Messrs. E. T..tt, J. Flannigan, J. A. Ray, W. Muller,
J. Mann], Miss L. Teele, Mr. Pope, Mr.'W. Wilkins and
lady, Mr. G. T. M. Davis and lady, Mthisrs. A. Winterhotf,
E. JJhiss, W. F. Allen, L. A. Bendixen, Mr. Punnett,
lady, four children, and two nurses, Mrs. Finggerlee,
Messrs. S-eite, R. T Brand, R. V. Lucey, Hedlund, Mrs.
Booth, children, and servant, Messrs:' G. Jones, W. W.
Leman, Mr. G. Morrison, lady, infant, and servant, Mr.
Ward and lady, Mea4rs. Gilliian, C. Weber, G2ddman, A.
M. Gougenbeirra-166 passengers? and £76,000 in specie.
A letter from Rowe states that the Pope was to leave on
the 12th for Civita Vecchia, where he would stay at least
five days.

FRIENDLY SOCIETE:B.—A small blue• book of 80 pages
contains the report of the Registrar of Friendly Societies
in England. There appears, in 1851 i, to have been in the
whole of the United Kingdom, 9,046 depositors in Friendly
societies, the amount of whose investments was £1,408,262,
being an average of £155 for each depositor. Including
the swings banks an..l charit thle s)ci:ttee, the uumb:r of
depositors is raised to 1,341,672, and the amount of
:deposits to £34,946,012, making, an average deposit of
£26 for each pergola. There are 553 friendly scc.etiesfin-
direct account with the 'National Debt Commissioners;
It is shown, by comparative tables, that- the number of
depositors its sa;rings banks, is five times .more than
the number of. persons entitled to divileeds on, the
public-deht, and that is savings banks there Were 186,352
depc,sitor, whose average was 5s each, and that there were
619,208 depositors (nearly one nariety) whos.) investments
Were under £lO earn, and that of the numb r of persons
entitled to dividends 92 205 received under £lO each,
43,287 more than £lO, but under. £2O, and 89,601 more
than £2O, but under £lOO, so-that out of 268,995 pers ins
who received dividends 225,093. were under, .LlOO per
annaw. Ls savings `banks the iiiimbefof dep6'sitors wh ise
investments exceeded £2OO was only 1,519, and the num-
ber of persons receiving dividends exceeding £4,000 per
annum only 227 Friendly societies of some kind or other
appear to exist in most of the civilised countries of the
c mtinent of E trope.

A DAY OF Bolctoss.—Several somewhat singular
attempts at suicide was male on M.inday. An elderly
man fl ing hinvelf head foremost from the roof of
an omnibus in the Rue de l'Ecele de Medecine, acid severely
injarail hinitielf; 'he was recognised as an inhabitant of the
neighbourhood, and it appeared that he had attempted
-Self destruction from a diyapplintrnent in love.—A fire was
discovered is the garret of s home in the Roe gt.
and. when some persOns went. to the spot they found the!
door closed. A forcible entranee having been effected,
the. occupier of the garret, a footman to a geed-Anil
residing- •in the house, was seal lying in tha
bed in the midst of 'the flames. The coeflagre..ion
was promptly extinguished, and the man, who
was dreadfully burne I, was take) ice the
ehoipital. It
appeared that he had conceived a violent passion for his
mistress, hal made a declaration to her, and had been
indignantly repelled; whereupbn he had determined to
commit suicide, and after drinking until he was almost
stupefied, had set fire to his bed. An artillery soldier, on
"a visit to his. brother at Vangirard, having been rejected
by a, young woman for.whain lie hal e nicely a passion,
locked himself in his room with some pens of charcoal,
and then threw himself on the bed to wait death. But
he forgot to c'ose a hole in the door, and the air coming
through it fanned the charcoal into a blaz e which set fire
to the bed eurteins. _Tea sighta)f the flames dissipated
the man's ideas of suicide, and itunpiug up he attempted
to leave
.the room ; but he had locked himself ii, and
could not find the key. Ha shouted for help, the door was
forced epee, and, he was rescued He wes only slightly
burned, but the fire could not be ex inguishA wail it had
done considerable damage, A teeter carrier, diving in the
Fauboarg Montmartre, having learnt of -the bankruptcy
.of a man to whom he had lent the savings of his life, was
reduced to despair, and hs went to the fortifications at La
Chapelle, and threw himself into the foss-. He was found
by a passer-by lying id a deplorable state, and was con•
veyed to the hoscial. fiz addition to these attempts at
suicide, two cases of self.deet'enctioe occurred the same day
—one Was of a Germanavorkmaia, who hanged himself in his
lOrtglegs 'in the Rue du Tetieple the other was of a
literary man, residing in the Rut: d'Enfer, who cut his
throat in a delirium caused by Derma malady.
Gatignani.