The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1824-04-09 00:00:00

RICIRDO LECTURES.

Mr. APCulloch delivered his second Lecture yesterday morning to
a numerous and highly respectable audience, among whom we ob.
served some of the most distinguished Alembers of Parliament.
The Lecture consisted of a definition of the science of Political
Economy, and an outline of the subjects which it embraced.
Political Economy treated of the production, distribution, and
consumption of articles of exchangeable value. Utility did not con-
stitute value, for the air and the rays of the sun, however necessary
and useful, possessed no exchangeable value. It was labour which
gave value to things. This proposition he beautifully illustrated
by reference to the situation and enjoyments of man, from the
rudest savage state to the present state of civilization in the most
improved society.
I. In the production of articles of exchangeable value the great
consideration was how to make lemur most effective. This was
done by the appropriation and security of property, by barter or
division of labour, and by the accumulation and employment of
capital. Under the first of these heads he would treat of the laws
which respected the possession and security of property. I'nder
the second, he would treat of the principles and laws which affected
agriculture, manufacture, and commerce: in the last of whirl' the
laws respecting the precious metals, the corn laws, the colonial
trade, and the freedom of navigation, would claim particular atten-
tion. Under the third division, the employment of capital to pro-
mote production by means of human industry, and of machinery
would be considered • wages and profits would till under this head ;
anti the important doctrine established by Mr. Ricardo. that rent
did not enter into the cost of production, would be explained.
11. In examining the principles which governed the distribution
of wealth, the poor laws, and the salutary doctrine established by
Sir. Malthus, respecting population, would come to be investi-
gated.
111. The consumption of articles of exchangeable value was
their use, and in this branch of political economy, the great object
was to make consumption repreductive. The subject of taxation
formed a most important part of this inquiry. Taxes were imps.
litic and injurious, in proportion as they consumed without repro.'
Auction. Without a thorough investigation and knowledge of the
operation of a tax, as checking or not checking reproduction, its im.
position must proceed from conjecture, and not from judgment.
Mr. APeulloch modestly concluded by observing, that to fill up i
the outline thus stretched, required greater powers than his, but
that if industry and devotion to the subject could compensate for de.
ficiencies, he should not be found wanting in the discharge of the
task imposed upon him by the kindness of his friends.
He was warmly applauded at the conclusion. The Lecture,
which was in its composition at once elegant, chaste, and scientifi-
cally perspicuous, was delivered with sufficient force, but with un.
common and manifestedly unaffected modesty.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.

CUSTOM-HOUSE. Aram &
ENTERED INV/ARM
Atidreits, Tax (Mallen, broker), from Chriatiana.
Catharine Sophia. Kraeft (Bremer), from 111emel.
Emanuel, illiamson (4'ir.dle), from Sehien.
Jonge Klass I.tieni;ra. 80l (Hall). from Antwerp.
11 inerva. Sehuer ( Mullen), from Moss.
Marthe Andrea. Nielson (Windle), from Dram.
Mathias and Cecilia, Larsen (Blake), from ('hristiana.
Marianna Packet, ()h es (1)e Die), front Antwerp.
Neptunus, Nieman (Beefier), hem 3lemel.
Pegase, Hain (De Bic). from Antwerp.
t(pes Nova, Gibs (Mullen), from Christiana.
Two Brothers, Holdt (Ditto). front Frederickstadt.
Thetis, Otto (Schatz), from Dantrie.
Ulysses, Wegener (Sack). from Pillau.
Winillust, Engelsman ( all), from ( :hen t.
Earl Bathurst, Gibbs Wall), front Rotterdam.
Fox, Fox (Ditto), from Ostend.
Lord Castlereagh, Durant (Ilazett), from Bombay.
Rains, Cunningham (Thomson), from Madras.

FROM LLOYD'S LIST.

FALMOUTH, A pit tL. 6.--Arrived theSandwieh packet, from the
Mediterranean—sailed from Corfu, 18th of February ; Malta 2d of
March ; and Gibraltar, 19th; Hind, Le Viso:mit, from Gibraltar.
and Wilton, Barber, from Cephalonia.
PORTSMOUTH, APRIL 7.—Anived the Swiftsure, Brumfield
from Gibraltar. Sailed the William Manning, Smith, for St. Siu's
and Charles Grant, Hay, for London.
DEAL, Arn L 7.—Passed in the course of the day, the follow-
ing outward-bound vessels from London ; viz.—Aurora, Monett,
for Halifax ; Nelly, —, for ditto ; Albion, Proctor, for Trini-
dad ; Generous Planter, Chambers; Margaret, Globe, and John
and Marv, for St. John's, New Brunswick; Montmorency.;
Wood ; gndeavour, Forsyth ; Peggy, and Tobago, for Quebec.
The Fanny, Vow ; and Royal Charlotte, for Hull ; Thomas, for
Hamburgh ; Mirables, for London, remain.
Dovr a, APRIL 7.—ox the port, the Dublin packet, Gorman,
from Trieste. _ . . . .

.....
SnFritts:as, APRIT. G.—Arrived his Majesty's ship Rochfort,
and sailed again for Chatham.
GRAVESEND. APRIL 7.—Arrived the Ceres, Schultz, from
Memel ; Catharine Sophia, Crane, ditto ; Minerva, Graves •
Spes Nova, Gibs; Andreas, Fox; Emanuel, Williams; Mardi;
and Cecilia, Lawrensoti ; .Minerva, Schoro, from Nors ay.
HARP/ICU. A rail. 7.—Arrived the Delight, Murray, from
London for Hull, with the loss of an anchor; the Billy, Brown,
from Antwerp for Hull, all well, and a great many coasters for
shelter, the wind blowing strong.
MALTA, MARCH I.—The premiums of insurance on flags sub.
I jest to capture by the Algerines are to the Eastward with convoy
50 per cent., without ditto 100; Westward with convoy 100 per
cent., without ditto 200, on the usual premium. The Swedish
brig Providentia, Zuchow, from Gergenti to Havre, put in here
28th January leaky, has been repaired. ant is ready for sea. '1 he
Susan, Bibbins, which arrived the :Id ult. from Gallipoli, met with
a heavy gale of Sardinia, in which she sprung both masts, lost her
bowsprit. bulwarks, and everything off the deck; she is now under
repair; the cargo is in a good state. and expected to be ready in
about 16 days. The brig Olive, Briasto, under British colours,
with Pilgrims from Alexandria, has been brought here by the
Sardinian ship Principe Christiana Auguste, having been found on
the coast of Sicily deserted by the crew, who have since arrived
here.

The Endeavour, Levy, from Cardiff to Messina; and Redbourn,
—, from Palermo and Licata to Liverpool, are wrecked on the
coast of Calabria.
The Mary. Ardlie, from London to Bengal, was spoken with by
the Sophia, Sutton, which arrived at St. Helena two days after lay.
ing the Sand Heads.
The Active, Bergvelt, from the Havannah to Amsterdam, put
into Wilmington, previous to the 28th of February, leaky, having
run foul of a wreck.
The Sampson. Coates, from Prince Edward's l..land to Bristol,
was spoken with Jan. A, near the Banks of Newfoundland, and has
not since been heard of.
His Majesty's ship Chanticleer, sailed from Leghorn 20th ult. for
the Westward, with 10 vessels bound to England under her
convoy.
Extract from the Agent to Lloyd's, at Zante, dated March 3:—
The Despatch brig of war, sailed from Corfu, to convoy some of
the currant vessels from t ephalonia and Zante, as far as Malta,
from whence they will probably have furiher protection with the
other homeward bound ships.
The Thomas, Smith, from Scarborough to Memel has put Into
Roune Harbour with damage, having been on share.
NAVIGATION OF THE RIVER PLATE.

" Ilisliiiiie;tse:ctiiii2ll, ji7ilioote Video,
licr crate

" Gentlemen—l beg to inclose a memorandum with the situa-
tion of the only two buoys we found in the Chico and Ortiz, on our
way up to and down from Colunia, last week ; and at the same
time feel it my duty to state, that the masters of merchant ves-
sels from Buenos Ayres should be cautious against confidence as
to their falling in with them, as their distance from each other,
and the irregularity of the current in the river is such. that I think
there is little doubt but those who omit taking the hitherto precau-
tion will certainly get on shore.
" As a proof of their inutility in passing up, we met the Dun-
das, of Jersey, who thought the buoy then near her was the west,
instead of the east of the Chico • while the Master of the Elizabeth
nearly at the same time was beating as though it were the same,
and our boat sounded within a ship's length of the spot she had
tacked in, and found but eight feet of water : this in a fine clear
day. I should add, that the Atalaya Church, which is almost the
only mark near the great danger, is so difficult to distinguish in
consequence of Its towers being so low, surrounded by trees, and
without a flag-staff, that it can only be made out by vessels of
small draught of water, that can keep the coast on board.
" The same buoy led us so far into the error coming up, that I
was obliged to anchor and send the boats to sound before we die.
covered it, although but three miles from it, with men and officers
at the mast-heads with spy-glasses looking out, and every other
precaution taken that could be thought of ; and I feel bound to
say, that without a great many buoys the passage cannot be ren.
doted a safe one unless a large light vessel is placed on the east end
of the Chico, which would be seen from one end to the other, when
it is proper weather for vessels to run.
I am, Gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
WILLES, Captain.
" To Messrs. Brown. Buchanan, and Co. Agents for Lloyd's at

Buenos Ayres.
•` Memorandum.—On the east end of the Ortiz, there is a black
buoy, in lat. 34. 7. S. in 2; fathoms water, about seven miles
E.S.E. by compass from the Old Beacon, which is visible with a
low river.

" There is a red buoy on the S.E. end of the Chico, in three fa-
thoms, bearing by compass N. by E. I E. from .►talaya Church,
and is in lat 34. :A. 15. S.. about ten miles from the land.

" A nether buoy was seen from the mast-head on the W. end of
the Chico ; but the weather prevented our ascertaining its exact
position."

Our readers are aware that Mr. ltowdieh, the African
traveller, died lately whilst pursuing his discoveries in Africa. Ile
left a wife and three children, who, we regret to say, arc totally
unprovided tar. 3frt. llowdich, who wan attached to her husband,
no less by congeniality of taste than by the most devoted affection,
was his almost constant companion in Africa, the sharer of his
perils, and the indefatigable asaistant of his literary labours. Air.
Howdich fell a martyr to the Gambia fever, at the early age of
thirty ; and his afflicted widow is expected in England in the i
course of a few weeks. iVe rejoice to had that a subscription has
been set on font, for the purpose of rescuing from penury the widow
and children of an individual who, in seeking rite advancement of
science, hu prematurely sunk into the grave ; and we doubt not
this appeal to the public will be most generously answeted.

7 lIE ALGERIXES.

The following is an extract of a letter from the Agent to''
Lloyd's at Gibraltar, dated the 18th March:—

" His Majesty's ship Phaeton arrived yesterday from
Algiers. By her we learn that Admiral Sir Harry Neil-
was there iii the llevenqe. with fire frigates, a sloop, and
a brig, and were blockading the port. The Algerine Go-
vernment had refused to treat with the Admiral; there
were two Algerine frigates and some corvettes in port,
which had been out cruising, and were reported to bare
prisoners on board. Our squadron captured a vessel with
Algerine property on board, and sent her to Malta; the
I)utch equadron was supposed to be at Mahon. It does
not appear that any British vessels have been taken. To-
day there have been two arrivals frote Oran, one a vessel
belonging to this port, which had bvt n under sequestration
by the Algerines, but it seems that the British Tice-Con-
sul being arrested, sent an express to Algiers to the Ame-
rican Consul, for whom he was also acting as a Deputy,
who immediately demanded his release, which was ac-
ceded to by the Dey, and permission sent to him to quit the
' place, if he liked, and remove his property. Under this
!atter description the English vessel was given up.
' " The Vice-Consul writes, that there had been a rising
of the natives in Oran against the Turks in the beginning
of this month, but it was quelled, and the ringleader put t,
death."

Letters from Gibraltar of the Dith and 19th ult. com-
municate some particulars relative to the blockading squad.
ron off Algiers, which are not without interest. It
pears that the I)ey has obstinately refused to accede to the
tenns proposed to him by the British Admiral; but that
his own officers are, for the greater part, determined to re-
sist his authority, as they are by no means disposed to un-
dergo the horrors of a bombardment. An attempt was
even made upon his life on the 15th of March, which very
narrowly missed success. Up to the 11th, no attack hail
been made by the British squadron, and it was still
petted that the differences would be adjusted. These
letters state that accounts had been received from the Mores
of unfortunate differences between the Greek Chiefs:
but we are happy in being able, from direct channels, to
state that these differences have been removed.