The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1826-10-19 00:00:00

MR. POLETICA'S MEMOIR on the UNITED STATES.

(From an American Paper.]
We have just had an opportunity of perusing a work issued from
the press by Mr. Coale. of Baltimore, which we have had no little
Curiosity to see, ever since hearing that it was ascribed to he dis-
tinguished gentleman who lately represented, at this Government, I
the Empire of Russia. The work is entitled " A Sketch of the
Internal Condition of the United States of America. and of their
political Relations with Europe: by a Russian." It is translated
Um the Freech " by an American ; with notes."
• Perhaps no foreigner, among the many who have visited the
Moiled States, has studied the genius and political inwitutio:'s and
,Ilgosey of this country with more assiduousness than Mr. Potence,
IS al leas pen we do not hesitate, upon its intrinsic evidence, to
assets this Memoir. And no one has enjoyed greater advantages
for se doing. As Counsellor of Legation, when Count Pahlen was
Minister from Russia, he had ample leisure to indulge his laudable
curiosity, by reading and travel, anterior to the war of 1812. After-
wards. when we were happy to greet him again amongst us. as Mi-
nister Plenipotentiary, he enjoyed, by his general association with
our distinguished citizens—by his own hospitality, which brought
him in frequentkeontam with all the learned and the official persons,
is well an the Representatives of the States and people in successive
Congresses—and by wide and free excursions into the different re-
gions of our country, still more ample opportunity of surveying the
ostumal character, resources, and relations.
His observations were marked by a penetration and acuteness
width all will remember who have ever conversed freely with him ;
'sleben was eamething of a disposition to the sarcastic in his con-
wswilotioa, the eemembrance of which caused a little alarm, when it
woe mpernsil that he was the author of this Memo r, which made
its appastwern In Europe a year ago, and has but just been repub-
lished bee. We were, however, agreeably disappointed on conning
to the pentad of ft. The author does not pretender.. be' a Repub-
lic:so. How could he, a favourite of a powerful and generous 1110-
Mwell, decorated with orders of nobility, every dey risitigot hisowa
Court, and, at the time his book was putse we'd, or very soon
atherwards, a member of the Emperor's -Privy Council? It was
not in the nature of things that he should profess Republicanism.
On the contrary, he avows imirmelf a Monarchist; but, at the same
time. (what is almost equivalent to a profession of the faith of a
Republican) he distinctly admits that a Republican form of Go-
vernment is best adapted to this country. and is the only one which
could subsist in it; which is as much ns to say, that a Republican
Government is best for a people who are in a state to receive it.
The object of the writer appears to have been to give to the peo-
ple of his cruntry, nod of Continental Eurnee generally, 1131,Ides
of the United States, such as was formed by one who is himself a
Monarchist, and of course regards ottr institutions with some dis-
trust. Making allowance • for a few errors of fact, which any fo-
reigner might well fall into, and recollecting the date of the com-
position (say 1821, though the date is not given), he has succeeded
in his object. He has done justice to the country in many particu-
lars, and his strictures, where they are most severe:ere not as much
so as our American travellers indulge in upon European institu-
tions, and customs aces manners dissimilar to GUM.
We shall not defraud the publisher of the sale of his work by
making any very copious extracts from it, which we have Do doubt
will be eagerly sought for by our readers. Its topics are well ar-
ranged, and divided into sections. ern mg the most intel'esting of
which, perhaps, are " The Political Relations of the United
States with Europe," and " State of Society." The first of thMe
we copy entire, considering it to be of no little interest, as com-
prising the views of this able diplomatist, such as he undoubted 4
presented, during his life-time, to the Emperor Alexander, and
will, an one of his official advisers, continue to communicate to his
successor—and such, therefore, as may he supposed to be enter-
tained by the Government of Rumia. The latter is the longest
chapter in the book, and some dole or other we may give that
entire to our readers. At present we do not feel ourselves at liberty
to do so. The Notes of the translator are copious, but, if intended
as a commentary, might have been made much mote so. Before
presenting the Chapter on Political lb lations, we copy from the
work the concluding paragraph, to show in what spirit the Memoir
was written, and in what spirit it ought to he received.
" In tertninatiogthio aketch,we admonish the reader not to expert
to find a portrait of the United Sates resembling the original in all
its detai:s. Such a task would require considerable time fur the
collection of materials, •as 1,41 as that philosophical quickness of
percerion bestowed by Sato* on her favoutites alone. The author
satisfied with uniting in this composition the characteristic traits
of a country interesting in many respects, and little known to Eu-
' rope. Ho is not sure of having been always accurate, hut he has
' endeavoured to be impar ial ; and hopes that the Americans will
' not reproach him with volunt ,ry error.'
• VIII.—THIC I OLITICAL RIF.LATIONg OF THE UNITED

STATER WITH EUROPE.
Hitherto the United States have had little concern with European
politica, except so far as their commerce and navigation were tote-
ristra. In every other respect, this great Federate Republic is
absolutely a stranger to the polities' combinations of Europe.
This state of things will last as long as the relative thinness of
the population and the nature of their Government prohibit every
energetic effort beyond the limits of their country.
It is in the essence of popular Governments, constituted as they
are in our time, to, be oppseed to every expensive enterprise ; for
the greatest merit they posagge, In the eyes at the multitude, 'BAIN
cheapness of the materials (+t-web an eTpretialrfnay be used) of
irhieft they are composed.
Consideratioa. political Power, the Unitentates must necessa-
rily_be dose* sikeng the marialme Powers.
Their political stmpathiee and antipathies. in regsra to European
nations, should be measured by the capableneSs of the latter to
injure their commerce and navigation.
England, enjoying an incontestable superiority at sea, is, for tha
very reason, the Power which the United States love least and fear
most.
Notwithstanding, however, this species of political antipathy, it
is certain that the two countries are bound together by moral ties,
which no political jealousy can sever.
These moral ties derive their strength from the identity of origin,
language," customs, and laws; in a word, from all circumstances
on which are founded the moral and 'social existence of man.
This truth is admirably illustrated in the memoir of Talieyrand,
on the Commereisl Relations of the United States with England and
France, read to the National Institute in the year 1803.
Hence it follows that the English, althnugh they may find there
a violent opposition to their politics, nevertheless have the satisfac-
don of seeing their manufactures preferred to those of other nations.
Of all the European Powers France can ben calculate on a de-
tided predilection on the part of the United States. It can scarcely
be otherwise. Without taking into consideration the important
services rendered by France to them in their War of Independence,
she has it in her power to aid them in their guards with England,
without being able, under any circumstances, to inflict the slightest
real injury.
It was probably from this consideration that the American Go-
ternment manifested so clearly a partiality for the French Govern-
ment, at the time the Berlin and Milan Decrees occasioned so great
losses to the American commerce; while the British Orders
Council were incessantly the subject of the most vehement invec-
tives and complaints, and terminated in bringing on the war of 1812.
The same reasons, although much less cogent, apply to the re-
lations between !Weill and the United States of America. It may
be said that the dieptedtion of the Government and the American
nation in regard to Russia is generally amicable. The name of the
Emperor Alexander is revered in the United States. This is oaring
to the moderation with which the Implrial Government always
!rested the interests of America, at a time when they tame into col-
' union with those of all the other maritime Powers of Europe.
Russia, fOrmidable as she is. inspires no fear in that country. They
even reckon on her support in any difficulty in which they may be
hereafter involved with any European Powers, whose dispositions
are less favourable to them.
• Shortly after the Nt'ar of Independence, a Member of Con-
mesa, whose name escapes me at thin moment, proposed to abolish
the use of the Eaglish language, declaring that, without this
change, the emancipation of the United States would never be com-
plete. The project was undoubtedly absurd, since it was imprac-
tieable. Rut it is not the less true (to employs vulgar phrase) that
the zealous Republican laid his finger on the cause which will con-
tinue for a long time to give England a great moral influence over
this country.

The Chevalier de Los Rios, the Spanish Minister, I
transacted busitv.ss yesterday afternoon, at the office of the
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, in Downing-street.
Mr. Waring, the King s Messenger, was sent off on
Tuesday evening from the Foreign Office to Paris, with
despatches for Mr. Secretary Canning.
Mr. Littlewood, the King's Messenger, was sent off on
Sunday evening, from the Foreign Office, to Paris.
The celebrated Scapa is dead. We recently announced
the death of Vacca. Thus Italy has lost nearly at the same
tittle two of its most celebrated physicians.—French Paper.
Sr. PISTRUSBIALIIII, SEPT. 30.—General Yermoloff,
Commander in Georgia and the Caucasus, has issued the
following Order of the Day respecting the invasion of the
Persians:—
" I lately returned from the line of the Caucasus, where I chas-
tised the rebellons Tscheksehenzes; but the Persians, with much
more insolence and treachery, have here dared to make attacks on
our army. They have broken the peace, while on our parts every
means was employed to preserve a good understanding : they broke
it at the moment when the Ambassador sent by his Majesty, the
Emperor, to arrange the demarcation of the frontiers, was in Per-
sia, and was graciously received by the Saab himself. The Sander
of Erivan has entered our territory with a corps of troops ; they
plunder and murder like robbera the peaceable inhabitants, the sub-
jects of our great Emperor, while others are excited by them to re-
bellion and treachery. Persian troops have entered Kariba-Mt and
one of the sans of the Schah, Abbas Mitre. teeelves with kindness
the Chaos and other traitors, who have fled from us--brings then:
in his traits, and promises to reinitiate them in their former posses.
shins. I will not speak to yon of your valour and Intrepidity; you
constantly give proofs of them; and when did Russians ever do
otherwhitit _ You have at all times distinguished yourtalves by
• - o give ad exam.
Have patience,
• to riu, two--

the navigation, in order to resume their expetution. a llc °thelinger rim nava a. an ...,t. ......,--- _ ,
thermometer had only been at 47 deg. below 0. We un- fidelity to the Emperoe. and I now mil upon you to give 'head exam". the ruse swede& wed. there ys so nom out me perpasaames vs ap
derstand by this conveyance that the return of furs is con. pie, and to display new zeal for the new Sovereign. Have patience, the mews will be brought 0 Ica ,ate. lifillss: ieoptaw .ATtras TlPPiiii ais asdislisdog between !intedisatt eons tent* boverastmeroolistue in tne oncost or
die Mon et altinss. Sr Obje="" Twee be ligt folinsolook sena I ton W ea_ty
sidered good throughout the whole of the Indian country. and defend yourselves with firmness. I shall pint out to you, brave ,-- - - K,
attar ha bat prised it,
comrades, the moment when you shall attack Me eneadeb of the There is now at Allenebeade one of the richest lead ore As Wei were larma "kilt ' Two
• ° IVe regret to learn that the settlement at lied River has ~ The r dpi is notasertnaol of dm Warm MID of linn it I will
Emperor. e ..mperor shrill be mode acquainted told% your merits wpm in a_r _ . ..._.ffing iscolosti and mrs. Beaunti_. serame bg am.* dam,,if it sag is ibe morjripmbhthe
cisme dot
...... ja. sheigo,
haw
tir
mambo
nm
the
mob.
suffered severely by the overflowing or the river last imd wilier', and there are already many sn the corps of the Cau- $g ope, Demo ''' Wows oi int 41eree to godelb6e. The men to be lo ebonies
le, Warifeedelso;"." tt. Tittscsintsong- ILICIIARD COAT.
spring, the whole country being completely inundated, and rest,' who have been gerteroosty recompense by the fever!, of lite it 11.111 fresh ground In name miles, and if summed will utimok4b. hearate twelve Old nen"
the buildings carried away.—ifontrral Gazette. Parrot." Mame so fat many yebrii-••Tyse Mercury. , coe them 'sticks being rood In the public met, the memeeet mese% Oct. la, mei,
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