The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1826-08-29 00:00:00

The Gazette contains the rue of the new Ministry, rated. how-
ever. Aug. 1 ; also the Instruction' for the mod.: ut proceeding in
the election of Deputies to the Cartes.
Aro. 12.
A representation from the Ministers to the Princess Regent, re.
ferring to a decree of the 17th December, 1125. by which their
salaries are raised to .ight comes cf reis per annum, states. that it
appears to them that, under the present circumstances of the country,
such an increase cannot take place without Injury to the public re.
venue ; and as they think the salary of 4 canes*. til/e4/414) refs. suffi-
cient- for the respectable support of their dignity. they request her
Highness to revoke the said decree. and order the salaries of the
Ministers to be 4 centos, 1108.1000 rein, as they were before. The
Intiam has decreed accordingly.

AUG. it

A notice frvm the 31inister of War, dated August 11. em-
presses the grLtitude of the Princess Regent to General Corrw
de Mere, and to all the other Generals who have distinguished
themselves by their loyal condoit during the late events, as well
as to the several regiments who have remained faithful to their duty
on this occasion.
AVG. 15.
Senior Barradea having Riposted to ht, relieved two= the
functions of .Minister of Ecilsiasuul Atfliks and Justice, the
Infanta has confided that deptiennent ad Sneering in Senhot F
31ansel Trigoso d'Aragso Moegto, Minister of the Interior.

Walt-Oerncg, Arc. 13.
The following official communications have been received to-day
by the steam-boat:—
lien. Jun Correa de Mello irritant from his hend-quarters at
Braganza, the sth instant, daridatillbels at the late 24th Regiment
Mof 'asa* wore disarmed MlCEillarby the/Spanish Cavalry, and
conducted to Zamora.
Brigadier Sebastian Jess de Mira writes from Chaves, tba7th,
that tranquillity still prevailed there, and that the rebels, who from
that part of the frontier ded to Verim, had been ordered to theme.
The same tranquillity prevailed Mahe, Oporto, and Beira.
AUG. 17.
Her Highness the Infanta Regent has appointed Jon Antonio
Guerreiro to he Secretary of State for Ecclesiastical Affairs and
Justice till the amval of henhor Pedro de Mello Breyner.
Auo. 13.
The accounts from Braga, Braganza, and Chaves, announce the
oonunuance of tranquillity.
ArG. 19.

The accounts from the provinces are satisfactory.

A long Proclamation appears is the Gazette of the 18th, issued
by the Minister of Justice, of which the following is the tenor:—
The Charter given to the nation by, Don Pedro is a pledge of
his Majesty's paternal goodness,. and of the future prosperity of
Portugal. The Portuguese Monarchy had originally a Represen-
tative Government. It expelled the Moors, &ad increased in popu-
lation, wealth, territory, and glory. Its decline is coeval with the
decay of its ancient institutions.
In the Charter will be found every thing that can tend to insure
to the Portugesse well-regulated personal liberty, the enjoyment of
property, and the exercise at honourable industry, the guarantee of
all civil and political rights, sod a legal barrier against the excesses
of power mid abuses of autherity. If the interest of the nation
requires such guarantees against the abuse of power, it equally
requires undestruetible guarantees to defend the Throne against
the excesses of liberty. which produce anarchy. Is an Consti-
tutional Government the Monarch is the moderator of all political
powers, superior to all passions. with no interest except that of
the gaud at the nation. The guarantees that surrourd the Throne
are additional pledges of the durability of the social edifice.
The essential difference between institutions freely given by the
legitimate Sovereign. and those dictated by torte, or extorted by
revolution, is, that the latter begin by destroying every thing, to
rebuild in an indefinite time, while the former preserve what was
lawfully established, to reform, by degrees ; revolution threatens
the existence of all, and all iuterests ; legitimacy_ protects all rights
and all individuals. These considerations suffice to show the na-
ture acid object of the Charter given us by our legitimate Sovereign,
and the duties of the Magistrates who are to carry it into effect.
The strict observance of the laws is the first duty of every citizen.
and especially of all Magistrates : it is a duty under all forms of
Government : under a Constitutional regime it is a necessity. Con-
formity to the principles of the Charter will at times render it diffi-
cult to fulfil some of its .Irticles ; but the efficacious aid of the
Magistrates. their zeal for the Royal service and the public good.
and a careful study of the Charter. and the irrinetplcs upon which
it is founded. will furnish them with rules to follow.
All the Authorities, all Magistrates and good citizens, must in-
cessantly labour to efface all trace* of the destructions ant odious
qualifications to which preceding times have given birth. Don
Pedro IV. is granting the most ample amnesty for political opi-
nions, has condemned the past to eternal oblivion. We are all
Portuguese subjects, of the same King, and under the same law.
To obey the law, or to be a criminal—to be a faithful subject, or a
rebel—are the only distinctions which justice and the Charter
allow.
Towards peraons accused, the Magistrate must not be more wren
than the law; he must not refuse them any means of defence which
is not denied by the laws, and must always remember that a person
suspected, or merely accused, is not yet a convicted criminal, and
that all ill-treatment, illegal imprisonment, and solitary confine-
ment, for a longer time than the law enacts, is arbitrary cruelty,
anticipated punishment, and a violation of individual security.—
The public examination of witnesses is the most valuable security
of innocence against calumny, and can in no MC be omitted in the
prosecution of criminal causes.
The Police, hitherto united with the administration of justice. le
the must difficult, the least brilliant, but the most glorious attribute.
of the Magistrate. The object of the Police is to prevent the
commission of crimes, and when they are committed, to ern
rest the criminals, that they may not escape the rigour at
the laws. Ta prevent crimes, it is necessary to know the
causes that produce or prepare, and the indications which pre-
cede them. Prudence is here of more avail than ail the apparatus
of criminal jurisprudence--activity to trace out, and perspicuity to
judge, and the Breath of foreseeing the symptoms indicative of the
interruption of public tranquillity. %When they are known, the
cause must be sought out and removed, if it be within the attributes i
of the Magistrate. With the docile and obedient character of the
Portuguese, every dieturbance of public tranquillity, in whatever
place, may always be imputed to the local authorities, fur what
they have done. or what they have neglected to do. But all must
remember, that the police is not an odious system of apt:mgt.
Following the peaceable citizen in th street, the temple, and his
own house—seducing the son, the soiree , and the brother, in order
to learn the secrets of families (means which morality coedemnsi,
rennet serve towards the good government of nations. The first
obligation of the Magistrate is to be profoundly versed in the
order of judicial permetdince---to adhere invariably to the legal form,
and to remember that the Magistrate must, like the law, be equally
impartial to all.
Su* are the principles which all Magistrates must follow in the
Constitutionel Regime, and which her Ifighneaa the Infanta Re-
gent orders me to coMmunicate to you. Iler Highness hopes that
all will hasten, by their speedy application, to =ha the people
feel the benefits of the Charter which hit 3lajeaty has given them ;