Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-10-24 00:00:00

own persons and property is not at stake, they
acknowledge the British standard, and readily
furnish our beleagured troops with provisions.
Again, according to Mr. WILLOUGHBY, the
Native prince's and chiefs condemn the move-
ment, and pay homage to our authority and
power; so that both prince's and people not only
acknowledge, but prize and value our rule in
India. But after all, does this prove, admitting
the several statements put forth are correct,
simply that the revolt is confined to a portion of
the army. Nearly one hundred thousand of the
Bengal Army has risen to despoil us of our
authority, and in doing so, recruited their ranks
by letting loose the criminal population of the
Presidency. Why did they do this ? That,
although the main question, Mr. WILLOUGHBY
dces not answer. The greased cartridges, he
also declares was not the cause. Now, although
we know that the greased cartridges were used
by the Mohammedan to rouse the Hindoo, his
explanation of how the Mohammedan came to
plot against the }Endo°, is singularly remarkable.
It is in these words—" There seems to have
been a delusion, almost amounting to insanity,
which no effort on the part of the authorities
could possibly have prevented." He next denies
that the causes arose from the bad treatment of
the officers, the proselytism of the missionaries,
nor the centralisation of authority, or the
depriving of commanding officers of the power
of punishment, or the abolition of flogging.
Then, again, as to the ardent desire of the
Mussulman to obtain his rights, long since lost
by conquest, the Honourable Director does
not esteem that a cause. Last of all, he does not
think the system of annexation and conquest,
which has been going on for some years, has
had anything to do with causing the fearful
catalogue of crimes which has taken place, and
which have roused the subjects of the British
Crown in every country and in every clime.
—This is all that Mr. WILLOUGHBY has got to
say about the Mutiny in India. He has, as a
Leadenhall Street Director, told us what, in his
estimation, did not cause the rebellion—We now
ask him to tell us what did ?
And here we fear that had the Honourable
gentleman ventured on that—the most important
part of the subject—he must, if influenced by
candour and truth, have told some things which
would have, more than ever, convinced the
people of this country that the mismanagement
and bad government of India by the East India
Company has led to much of the evils and cruel
disasters which have occurred. No matter how
blandly the Honourable Member for Leominster
may endeavour to cloak or disguise the fact just
enunciated ; it is impossible that an event so
serious in character, and of such magnitude in
extent, could have taken place without a cause—
it may be a series of causes. This is not exactly
the time to point them out; ere long, a suitable
opportunity will occur, when we shall return to
the subject.

HOW TO PROVIDE MEI FOR OUR
ARMY AND NAVY FOR TrIE FUTURE.

[COMMUNICATED.]

Now that rebilion has broken out in the
Native Army in India, we shall require
constantly a large army in our Eastern
possessions; and if the clouds do not blow off
the political horizon, we know not how soon
we may require as many men as we can get.
C)eval with this, we have a great mischief on.
the increase at home, and we seem exceedingly
anxious to transmit it to our colonial possessions.
We refer to the increase of crime in this country.
Reference to the assize, quarter sessions, and
jail delivery reports, will satisfy any of. th 4
curious and thoughtful on this subject, thai
something ought and must be done. What
that something is, requires no SOLON to devise.
It has been pointed to by Judges and Recorders,
in their charges, and by none perhaps better
than by Mr. FREDXRIC lIILL, Government
Inspector of prisons. He, has put his finger on
no one measure as a panacea. He, on the
contrary, points out several measures to be
adopted, to bring about the desired Reformation
ef character in criminals. The first to be
employed, personal cleanliness ; then, habits
of industry ; then, means of earning a livilihood ;
and, synchronically with these, there is to be
given a good moral and religious education.
This last proposal, is the red cloak, which has
excited our sectarian bulls. They will hare,
that no religion can exist witboutjheir theology;
and, as this class superabounds amongst the
so-called religious people, the best efforts of the
the wise and good are frustrated—the best
measures for the good Of our common humanity,
are sacrificed at the shrine of sectarian bigotry.
We do not agree with those intolerants—men,
who can only see one thing at a time—that there
can only be one way of imparting religious
teaching, and that way, their doxy. We rather
agree with those philosophers who, like the
spider, can see all round them ; - who can discern
the good in every religious system, and are
prepared to agree to a syncretiSm in religion---
a comprehensive scheme of Christian teaching,
which shall include the good •of all without
offending any. We believe that such a system
can be fixed upon; it is feasible, and can be
worked out in all the National Reformatory
Institutions.

Our scheme for raising men for the future
for our army and navy is, to establish Industrial
Scehools in every large town throughout the
country, and district ones for the smaller towns;
in the rural and manufacturing districts; whither

the rising crops of our criminals might be
sent whilst yciiing and tractable, to be reformed
in their morals, taught a trade, industry and
thrift ; to follow that trade, and besides,
disciplined for one of the branches of the
service—Naval or Military. The different towns
might send a representative to a central board, '
that should contract with Government to deliver
yearly so many men of all arms, upon a
consideration of a capitation fee or bounty.
This, though it would not defray the whole of
the expenses of the establishments, would be,
upon the whole, more economical than keeping
up our large prison establishments, which would,
in time, be much less in requisition.

We are supported in our statement of the
large numbers of troops we shall require for the
future, at home and in India, by Lord ELLEN-
BOROUGH, in his address to the Members of the
Winchcomb Agricultural Association, on the
16th inst. And, though we do not disparage,
for one moment, his Lordship's recommendation
that the farmers and country gentlemen of
England should exert themselves in swelling the
numbers of recruits for the Militia, so as to keep
up its compliment; yet, we do feel that we
shall require every man that we can procure for
our army, and this for a long time after the
excitement of the War has passed away. What
better method, 'then, could we adopt than taking
those poor little urchins that are born in the
alleys and lanes of our crowded cities, and who
grow up in a state of orphanage—as far as regards
any care bestowed on them by their wretched
parents—and rescuing them from the career of
vice, misery and crime, which else will constitute
their future, make them into good servants
of the State ; training the males into soldiers,
and the females into nurses for the hospitals and
other feminine occupations. By this system,
in the course of tea or twenty years we shall
have got rid of the prolific hot bed of prostitutes
and thieves, and have turned the gaols into
industrial institutions , and, though we shall
spend more in fitting these boys for the army
than any bounty we shall receive from the
Government, yet we shall be gainers in the end,
by saving our lives and property from the burglar,
and being spared the expense of prosecuting
him when captured. This National scheme
would deserve well at the hands of our
Town Council, and when matured we have no
doubt other corporations would willingly fall in
with it. We know that there are several objec-
tions that can, and will, be raised against this
proposal, but we also know that there are
objections raised to every scheme of moral
reform. This one, no doubt, will admit of
great modifications, and it is for our legislators
to bring their collective wisdom and experience
t) bear upon it before empowering our local
authorities to care out its details.

THE BANKRUPTCY 01" ME,SRS. Ross, MITCHELL, AND CO
—At a meeting of creditors, held in London, yesterday,
a proposition was made by the firm to pay 203. in the
pound, by 4 half yearly payments, of 53. each with 6 per
cent interest. The business to be still carried on under the
inspection of a committee to be nominated. The terms
were agreed to, and the London and Glasgow members of
the committee were nominated. The assets were
estimated at £473,573, and the probable surplus over
liabilities, £57;000.

SCIENTIFIC MISSION T 3 INDIA —An important paper
has just been read to the Academy of Sciences, Paris, on
a mission sent to India and Upper Asia in 1831 by the
li.'eng of Prussia and the East India Company. The
members of the mission consisted cf three brothers, M. M.
Herrmann, Adolphus, and Robert Sehlag,entweit, two of
whom, M.M. Herrmann and Robert, returned in June
last ; the third, M. Adolphus, is still among the Himalaya
mountains, and is expected soon to return, eel the Punjaub
and Bombay. During the winter of 1854-55, these
enterprising travellers visited the region lying between
Bombay and Madras ; in the following summer M.
Herrmann explored the eastern parts of the Himalaya, the
Skikkirn, Bhootan, and Kossia mountains, where he
measured the altitudes of several peaks. The
highest of all the summits known through° it the
world appears, by his measurements, to be the
Gahaorishanka, situated in the eastern portion of
Nepaul—the same announced as such by Colonel Waugh,
but c tiled by him Mount Everest, because he had been
unable to ascertain its real name in the plains of Hind°.
stan, where he effected his -measurement. This peak is
somewhat mare than 20,099 English feet in height,' and
hears another name in Traipse-, where it is called Ching°.
pamarl. The other two brothers, M. NI. Adolphus and
Robert, penetrated by different roadsl into: the central
parts of the Himalaya, Kumsou, and Garwahl ; they then
visited Thibct in disguise, entered the great commercial
station of Girtok, explored the environs of Lake Man-
sarowr, and that remarkable;, crest whieh see mites the
waters of the Indus from those of the Diliane, ottea
erroneously ealled the Barrampeoter. Taey ascended
Ihi-Camine, 22,260 feet in height, that being an altitude
never before attained in any part of the world. After
hiving been separated from etch other for a spice of
Fourteen months, during which M. Robert ascertained
that the tablet in I of Amirkautsk, in Central
which is generally stated to be eight thousand feet
above the level of the sea, is not more than three
thousand three hundred feet in height, the three brothers
again met at Simla, previous to commencing operations
intended fee the summer of 1856. M. Adolphus, on
leaving that place, crossed the Himalaya, went over
Thibet, Baltistan, and visited the interesting spot
where several mountain crests meet, arid the Hindoo
Koosh jrins the range lying to the north of India. He
then returned to the Punjaub through the valley of' Cash-
mere. MM. Herrmann and Robert proceeded to Ladask
by different routes. Under good disguises, they were
enabled to penetrate ir.to Turkistan proper by crossing
the Kirakoroona and the Kuenluen mountains and
descending into the great valley of Yarkand, a region
never visited before, not even by Marco Polo. It is a
vast depression of between 3,009 sad 4,009 feet, separa-
ting the Kuenluen, oa the northern frontier of India,
from the Syan-Chane, or mountains of Central Asia,
on the southern border of Russia. They then returned
to Ladak, and entered the Punjaub by different routes
through Cashmere. After a two years' negociation M.
Hermann was, at the commencement of 1857, admitted
into Nepanl, where he determined the altitudes of the
Machipoora and Mount Yassa, which have hitherto been
vaguely called the Dhawalagery, which means nothing
else but "snowy crests," and is applicable to all snow.
capped mountains. M. Robert proceeded to Bombay
through Scinde, Kutsch, and Gazerat, where he surveyed
the chain called the Salt Range, and determined the
changes effected in the course of centuries in the course
of several rivers. Before returning to Europe he stayed
three months in Ceylon. M. Adolphus visited various
parts of the Punjaub and Cabul, previous to returning