The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1826-09-13 00:00:00

THE BRITISH PRESS.

log them on the 3lst. The firesshipa had had no (Met on
the Turkish fleet, which nevertheless could net effect its land-
ing at Samos, having been twice repulsed. The taunt d'llar-
court, M. de la Vigne, and three other Frenchmen, had at, 1
rived at Aldo on the 2lst July. They were preparing to
depart fee Napoli on Lewd en. Iyariot golette. On the 23th
the English. ft igate, Serivgapat.int, arrived at Samos, and
withdrew the English Agent and family. Twa lonian ves-
sels also took :no persons en board for tyro and other islands.
The Turkish fleet ar:ts in sight on the 27 the The ()Treks appeared
before Samos with thirty-five vessels. The engngcme!:t only sus.
pended the landing of the Turks. It is rumour:ll at Smyrna that
it was by an American that the summons wes conveyed to the Sa-
y miens hem the Fapitisn Pacha. It is added that an American
1, rorrette has ratit.4l sr•rne Tartari and other T,lrkish passengers to
.Modena. The Toth.; hare burnt Aliens. Their prisoners are
sent to Negropont. Letters, elated the :)Ist July, from Chio, say
that the cannonade of the two ffcets was.frequently heard there.

The Harnburgh Papers, received last night, contain the
Decree of the Emperor NI cit OLA 9, regulating the Censor-
ship of the Press. Though not precisely what we should
desire, it gives at least come determinate rule in a ease
which 1r25 formerly regulated by eaptiec alone.

ST. PEtcusorntili, Amts. 20.
A new ordinance, re...pet-tire the eensouNhip of the press. hat
just been published, which received th.:: Imperial sanction on the
tdd June lash It consists of 19 chapters, divided into 2.311 aections,
and tills 12 printed al:ects. Admiral Schisckotr, Ylini.terof Pub.
lic Instruction. is Director-General of the i:ermeahip throughout
the empire. Next to hum ate the Minis cry of Foreign Ankles and
of the Interior. A firencral roanl of Censorship is to be &stab-
l'shed here under the Director-General,. ted.there ere to be suhor-
dinate Boards at Moscow. Dorpat, and Wilna. The Chief Board
tonsietsof a President. with a salary of 7000 rubies, and Mx Cen:
sots, each with a salary of 4000 rubles. The other eonsista of a
President with a salary of 4900 rubles, arid three Censors with a
ad try of 31510 rubles. The Chief Ittiard has its own Chancery, at
the head of wl kit Is Prince Schirinsky Sehicheinatow. The Preto-
dent of the Chief Board is appointed or dtsmisied only by his Ma-
j:sty. Ile proposes the Censors whom the Minister is to *lnfirm. The
0::1 r Boards are under the Curators of the Univemi ties, by whom they
e to Le nominated, and confirmed by the Minister, and who will
comninnicate to them the President's decisions. The annual ex-
,en e of this new Censorship will be 90,1511 rubles (the old Cam.
mi tee coat only 5,340 rubles). The joriedici ion of these I;oetils
ex en:la to all books and periodicals published in the empire, in the
Rumian or in foreign languages. Besides this. the foment Coto-
nti tee of censorship attached to the General Post-office shall be
continued for foreign newspapers and other periodicals; and that tt.
:ached to department of the 31inister of the Interior for all foreign
books anti writings. The Chief Board rrettves orders Ai
from ibe 3liniater, who directs it, and has not connexion, with
respect to its juriadiction, with any other authotity in the
couplet; and directs the operations of the other Boards. The
latter must lay before the former, for consideration and decision,
ill important cases, political discussions on the Internal and ex-
ternal relations, kr..
Exempt from the censorship of these boards are,
I. All religious and ecelestitatical writings relative to the national
religion, which.as heretofore, are to be examined by the Holy:Brod
and the Committee of Ecelmitatical Schools. Theological and dog-
ma ieal writings, as well Is catechisms of the Protestant religion,
ale examined by the theological faculty of the University of Doe.
fat, and other religious works relative to I're:este-oda:a by the Con-
si t sal Board..

2. All medical writings are to be examined by the 31edico-chi.
notes' Academy here, and by its branch Academy at Moscow, as
•well as by the Medical Council in the department of the interior.
3. The orations, dissertations, and writings of ell kinds. read in !
the universities. academies, de., under the Minister of public in.
at uction (including the Medico-chirurgieal Academy, its branch in
AI row, and the Medical Council In the department of the M.
terioO, and which dissertations, de. are afterwards printed. The
prbliettion must, however, be made id the name of the whole
university, and not in that of the several authors.
4. All periodical
,journalspublished by the universities with the
permi lion of the 31rister of Public ILstruction.
G. T. 'Journal de St. l'elersinirgh, the Journals composed by the
At a ferny of Science, the Military Journal ( Tire Invalid) remains
as hitherto under the Censorship of the authorities under whose
superintendence they are published.
G. Toe national and foreign newspapers, as well as periodical
writings published in the Baltic provinces, remain under the ape.
cial I p •rintendenre of the Governors-General of those provinces
(as ord r_ll by an Imperial Decree of 17th March. 1823). Writing.
on eduzation. the object nt• which is the instruction of youth, or
better niethods of teaching, must he first examined by the higher
learned i istitutions, and then with their approbation bid before the
Bosnia o' Censorship.
Moscow, Atio. 21.
Noteithstanding the great number of strangers now here, the
pie- a t f Fr .visions bare not at all risen.
An rged widow named Seeder, of Berlin, who hail the good for-
! tope to Ire nurse to her 3l•jtsty the Empress In her childhood,
when Princess of Prussia, has come here from Spaeth. in the Go-
v.romint cif Tambov', ifs/ wersts (240 miles) trout Moscow, to pre.
seat a petition to her Majesty, to be relieved from the taxes on her
house, ard, if possible. to see the revered Princess herself. Her
Imperial Slejesty has nut only received the petition with the most
affecting kindness, but stimitted the old servant to see her, recol.
lected her, and assigned her an allowance for her support.
On the 1111 h of this month there was a fete in the village of Preo.
bras.itiisk. of the inhabitants of which the Czar Peter 1. formed,
in If'l3, the celebrated regiment of the guards of that nam^, is
commemoration of the cereoton)• of the formation of that regiment.
The Emperor and the Grand Dohs.' Alexander and Michael ho-
noured the fete with their presence.
STOCKHOLM, AVG. 29.
It is add that Count Btedingh will return front Moscow by way
of roan. Up to the end of last week 163,000 ship pounds of ken
had been exported fur this city.

EXCIIA NOS ON LONDON.
II vo nur.c Serr. 2-37.3 t two wombs, 37.
Pl:7 Lltilllllloli, Aro. 22.-2 t.
BEILLIN, SEPT. 2.-7. 111.-17astebures Pape, t, Sept. 6.

By the Pacific, Wi1.1.18, horn New Orleans, arrived at
Liverpool, we have received Papers from that city down
to the lth August, but they do not furnish a single para-
graph worth extracting.

The regular file; of the Spey-la:to- Bras;leiro up to the
9th July, which we receiv;el the night before last, enabled
us to lay before our readers the very important correspond-
ence between the French Rear-Admiral Rosast et. and the
new Brazilian naval commander in the Rio de la Plata.
From the lateness of the hour, and the quantity of the
translation, we we unable to make any observations upon
these documents in our Paper of yesterday ; but our readers
must have observed that the Brazilian commander has
chosen for defending himself against the enforcement of
the principles avowed in the treaty of armed neutrality,
precisely that ground which it must always be the duty
of an English statesman to take, if any similar obser-
vations should ever be addressed to him on such a
subject. As Englishmen, it is impossible not to approve
of the arguments urged by M. PINTO ,DE Gutues.
We perceive that Rear-Admiral ROSAME!. has confined
himself to a protest against the system of blockade, but with
a pledge to bring the subject under the attention of the au-
thorities at Rio. We have every reason to suppose that
the subject will go no farther. The Spectador of the 22d
and 2.51 June contains a correspondence concerning the
blockade between the Brazilian Admiral and the British
Consul at Monte Video; but as the complaint on the part of
the latter only turns upon the incficiency of Lono's
arrangements, however disposed our Government and naval
commanders may be to afford every protection to our com-
merce, we do not see how we could oppose the blockade en-
tirely without a complete abandonment of our system of ma-
ritime law. In the letter which we published yesterday,dated
July Bth, it was stated that our Government had demanded
the dis Missal of all British subjects from the Brazilian
service, and that a Privy- Council• had been held at Rio in
consequence. It was also there stated that the English
frigate Doris had found it necessary in one instance to pre-
pare fur action, in order to procure the release of some
Eni;lish emigrants bound for Buenos Ayres. What truth
or importance belongs to these accounts we are not yet
prepared to say. We had inserted a short abstract of the
contents of the Speefvfh,r, after the 33 July, the date of
he last extract.' brought by the packet Eclipse, which left
Rio on the Gib.

It is somewhat surprising that a nation which has the
reputation of being so sway and philosophical as the
Rlio:t hi be so much addicted to stock jobbing
;.ractices, and so ready on all occasions to listen to the least

rumour which can be supposed in any way to have the
slightest effect on the value .7f any particular description of
Government Securities. The rumours, and even the facts,
which often produce the most astonishing effects on 'Change,
are in almost every instance matters of no importance in the
estimation of those whose views arc a little more extended
than is usual with the frequenters of the Stock Market.
The fact is, that specttlaturs do not calculate so much
on the teal importance of on event as on the effect which
it is likely to produce on the minds of helividuals. The
talents of the stock -jobber do not consist in his ability to
estimate the consequences which an occurrence is likely to
produce on the fate of nations : he looks merely to the
opinion which the weak and ignorant are likely to enter-
tain concerning it. Ile considers only the sentiments of
those who must necessarily form the majority of the
holders and purchasers of every species of Stock. Events
most calculated to produce important changes in the
world seldom or never produce any effect upon the Stocks,
Ibecause the operation of these causes is remote, and cannot
come within thimpliere to which the vision of the crowd
excGively extends. The holders of South American
Bonds feel at present an alarm which cannot be justi-
fied by any reasoning founded in the history of States
formerly placed in situations similar to theirs. To
those who calculate on an immediate rise—to those who
have embarked their capital with a view to obtain ail
annual income—and to th.-.se whose only object in
' purchasing any species of stock is merely to speculate
on its fluctuations—we confess that the Bonds of the
South American States are by no means an eligible in-
vestment; and, as these descriptions of persons arc per-
haps still more numerous than those to whom we before
referred, it is, no doubt, to them, in a great measure,
that the depression of Colombian and other Trans-
Atlantic Bonds is to be attributed. It is now many months
since we stated our apprehensions of disturbances in South
America. There was then no appearance of any of those
internal dissensions which at present agitate that past of
the world; and, in announcing the approach of troubles,
we went upon the general grounds—that wide tracts like
America must include different and conflicting interests;
that the principles of change, once introduced, never stop
short at the very point which was at first contemplated;
that ambition and seltinterest are inherent in human
nature; and that no system has as yet been discovered
in the New World to prevent the operation of those
causes which have produced ware and dissensions on the
old Continent. While we stated all these circumstances,
we did not for a moment intimate a doubt concerning the
ultimate prosperity of the new States. It is not less im-
possible that they should ultimately fail, in endeavouring
to raise themselves to the rank of great and independent
nations, than it is improbable that they should attain that
rank without paying for it the same price which all great
Powers have been obliged to pay before they have been
able to reach the stations .which thernow hold in the
political scale. The United States of North America fur-
nish so obvious an instance of this, that it may be thought
almost superfluous to mention it. Every one has heard
or read in history of the repeatei defeats which paralysed
the first military efforts of our former colonists—of the'
wretched and mutinous state of their army—of the almost
total extinction of their public credit—of the absolute
worthlessness of the acknowledgments which Congress gave
to those who supplied it with money for its necessi-
ties. Notwithstanding all these unfavourable circum-
' stances, we know that the United States are now the most
. solvent nation in the world. Not only were the dividends
regularly paid after a very short interval, but the capital
of their debts has been gradually discharged, and in the
course of a very short period not a farthing of the revolu-
tionary loans will remain unpaid. 'rile South American
States are not placed, we confess, in precisely the same
situation as the United States of North America. The
latter were left, as it were, alone on the Continent.
They hail no rivals to fear in the wild Indians or
debased Spaniards with whom they were surrounded ;
whereas each of the South American States is placed
in immediate connexion with rivals equally anxious with
itself for securing every advantage, equally animated
by the desire of superiority, and equally inflamed by
the spirit of liberty generated in their recent struggles.
In so far the example of the United States is inap-
plicable to their case ; but, after every abatement, we
are persuaded that these new nations stand too firm to be
shaken by any of those calamities which agitate the wise
men of the Stock Exchange; and those who are able to
suffer a temporary delay in the payment of dividends will
find, in the end, that the holding of South American Stock
was not the least profitable of their speculations.

CITY, TUESDAY EVENIN6.

The British Funds were well disposed to advance to-day
if the leading speculators had been in the way to afford
their assistance. There were some purchases of moment
made in the early period of the market, which had the
effect of sending Consols up to 79k ; they were not, how-
ever, supported, and at the close of the market did not
bear quotation beyond 7941. Exchequer Bills and India
Bonds retain their price, but are subjected to the same de-
gree of lassitude as all other marketable securities.—
There was a report in the afternoon that Lord AMHERST
was recalled from the Government of India. On inquiry,
however, it szemett to rest upon letters received from India,
which added, further, that Sir THOMAS MUNRO was ap-
pointed to succeed Lord AMHERST. This, of course,
could only be ad interim ; and therefore it is clear that the
report refers to the recal long since sent out, which was
immediately afterwards countermanded.
In the Foreign Market there have been large buyers of
Mexican Bonds, which have been.done as high as:... ; but
at the close of the market .54 was their highest price. The
favourers of the Dividend are in high feather, and it is posi-
tively asserted that the payment of them will be immediately
advertised. Northern Stocks keep their price; Danish,
for which there has been some demand, has advanced to
373. Colombian, Greek, and Spanish are stationary, and
nothing doing.
In Mincing-lane there have been some large sales of
Sugar to-day, at former prices. Coffee has found rather a
heavy sale. In Rum there is little or nothing doing.

CONSTANTINOef.r, Aca. 10.—The capital is tranquil..
The organization of the new troops, and the other re-
forms, proceed rapidly. The number of Mussulmans al-
ready provided with Bre-arms and bayonets, and clothed
in the new uniforms, is estimated at 8,000. By the order
of the Sultan, they must exercise twice a week in his pre-
sence, in the meadows near Bnjukdere, where the Euro-
pean Ambassadors have their summer residences. It is
said that they make good progress. The above number,
of :course, includes only the soldiers who are already
trained or training; that of the men enrolled is much
greater. Notwithstanding this, there is great despondency
among the lower orders, and trade and business are at a
stand. We have no news from the Mores, nor has the
Porte published any thing respecting the operations of-the
Capitan Pacha against Samos.