The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1824-01-30 00:00:00

NEW SOUTH WALES.

We have received, within these few days, a document
of a very interesting description, considered in relation with
all the attendant circumstances. We allude to the " first
Anniversary Address.of the President of the Agricultural
Society of New South Wales." This Society was instituted
on the dth of July, Iren, and, es appears by the Presi-
dent's Address, has not or.ly flourished during that short
interval, hut " was tot fonned a single month before it was
wahted." The Patron of the Swiety is his Excellency
Sir T. Brisbane, Governer of the Colony ; its Vice-Patron,
Frederick Goullern, Esq. I'olottial Secretary. The Pre-
sident is Barron Field. F.sq. Judge of the Supreme Court.
There arc corresponding inettite•rs, a general committee, a
building committee, a premium committee, a horticul-
tural committee, subseriheta, and, in fact, all the neces-
sary adjuncts of suds an Institution ; and this Institution,
together with numerous other establishments, indicative
of an advanced state of society, are now flourishing on a
spot where duos than forty years ago the naked savage
roamed sole lord of its inhospitable shores.
We are sure our readers will peruse with interest the
following extracts from the l'restdent's Address, whether
that interest be excited merely from the recollections
connected with those who hold official situations in the
colony, or have gone thither as free settlers, or from the
more philosophical reflection of what may be the future
condition of a country where the English language and.
English customs arc destined to be preserved perhaps for
ages
We have the pleasure of welcoming many most respectable
free settlers in the cour.e of the past year ; but I hope we shall re-
eeive twenty timesthe number next year. The fine settlements of
Hunter's River. Bathurst, Camden, and Argyle, have been literally
thrown open by our local government ; and I was happy (in looking
at the map of hunter's River the otherday) to see the whole banks,
and even some of the back lands, coloured with names. One of the
most skilful and intelligent inembers of our General Committee, who
has manufactured the best cheese yet seen in the Colony, has removed
his family to Bathurst. Other respectable settlers are hillowing his
example; and I find we have increased the number of out subscri-
ber, during the past year by twenty-one. We shall doubtless see
many more free settle,* in this country, now that the parliamentasy
emigration to the Cape of hood Hope has failed, as soon as our
l'omminioner of Inquiry's report has fixed the future policy and
government of the Colony, and when the advantages which New
South Wales possesses over Van Dkman's Land come to be
more universally and correctly known. We can have no ill will
to that dependency : at the contrary, we benefit by her prosperity.
But it is important that emiYeants, from so vast a distance as Brest
Britain, should not be ruined by disappointment. Of the so-
peyiority of New South Wales over Van Dienum's Land, I am de-
cidedly convinced, in some degree front personal observation, and
much more from authentic information. But Van DiCITI3II.II hand
has gotten the name at home ; and it always takes many years to
pot down false pretensions, and to make known true outs.'
" 'pon tb, subject so vitally important to the prosperity of the
colony as the exportation of fine wool, I am truly happy to report
that there went home from this settlement alone, during the past'
year, 720 hales, or 1111,100 pounds of wool, besides a small quantity,'
chietlyoflantb's wool, which remains to be sent with the next shear-
ing. At only Is, lld. per pound, clear profit, this will amount to
nearly 111,0400. styling. Nothing can show the superiority of our
wool over that of Van 'Semen's Land in a stronger light than the
following extract from s London Commercial Report, dated 20th
Septemher,
140 bales wood from Van Diantan's Land, 441. to I Id. per lb.

(2 lots 2s. 2d. to 2s. 7d.)
13 bales wool from New South Wales, 2s. 4d. to 3s. 4d . per lb.
" Besides the increased Australian capital embarked in whaling
since the repeal of our oil duty, and in sealing, our cedar and other
ship timber, having been relieved from duty by an Act of Portia.
silent consequent upon .11r. Ifigge's Report, has been found to an.
ester the exportation to England, and a ship is now spins home
entirely laden therewith. In the event of war with the Northern
Powers, our timber would become still more valuable. The Put.
rotor of the Navy Beard reports very highly of some of it, parti-
cularly the stringy bark.
" Our Prospectus, which introduced the able papers of one of our
Vice-Presidents, Dr. Tosmston, has been published and diffused in'
considerable numbers, both here and at home • and fifty copies of it
hove been sent to all parrs of the globe, inclosed in a circular letter,
requesting the contribution of foreign horticultural productions; for
I have the pleasttre to report that we have engrafted on our Society
a Ilorticultintil Branch, with a small separate subscription. This
subject is under the management of a Special Committee, of which
Mr. Bell, a Corresponding 3lcmbcr of the London Horticultural
Society, Chairman ; and, on account of this subscription, 301 has
been remitted for the purchase of fruits, vegetables, and flowers, in
England, by the halals of Dr. Anderson, of the Marshal Welling-
ton, wlto alio conveyed &letter from our Patron to the Navy Board
requesting free moot lon the decks of vessels for our plant boxes.
anticipate great benefit to the Colony from the importation of these
choice fruits and vegetables ; and have no doubt that the Loudon
and Caledonian Horticultural Societies, a well as many of their
corresponding .tiernhers in foreign parts (who have been written to),
tall send us some very valuable ter."
" The Subscriber* to our St .fund have. as long ago as by the
Shipley, remitted the sum of 1,00111. to their Agents in London, to
he expended, one-half thereof in Merino sheep, chiefly ewes;
Stall. thereof in horses; and the remaining 2001. in horned cattle.
F'urthennore, on account of the General Fund of the Society, 1001
has been rtanitted by the hands of our associate, Capt. King, R.N.
of the !fathom, to be laid out in grass and corn seeds, and agri-
cultural books."

"To this head of premiums may be referred a letter which the
Socicty have written to the Secretary of the Society of Arta Ma-
nufactures, and Commerce, upon the subject of their
premiums fir 1!1•22 and It! 2114 to the person who shilr,rsthe
! years 111.24, 1823, and manufacture and import the finest
specimen of oil, not less than ten gallons, the produce of olives,
grown in New Smith Wales; and to the person who shall im-
port, in the years 1824 ur l:125, the float wine, not less than
twenty pillons, made from the produce of vineyards in New
South It ales. Our ty have not failed to express their due
sense of the benefits which our Colony will derive from the
honourable premiums, Koposed by the tfockty of Arts, both in the
former year and in the pres,m, for both quantity and quality of fine
wool exported ; but we have ventured to suggest, that there having
been till the past year only one inlet: tree in the Colony, there can
be no competition fur the oil premium so soon as the year 1826; and
that the Society's medals would be more beneficially offered Ice pro-
pagating the olive-tree, or for the greatest plantation of young trees:
so of the twenty gallons of wine; it would not be very difficult to
make that quantity from the table grapes in one's garden : the pre-
mium should rather br, either for a much larger quantity, for a real
exportable cargo, or else for the greatest number of acres planted as
a hearing vineyard, or fur the greatest number of bunches of grapes
ripened.
" tl'hile I am upon the subject of the olive.-
- prolent tarde crescentis
- the slow pr.aluct of inerva's tree,
I am to report that young plants have been introduced into the Co.
limy during the pit year by .%lr, 11. Itl'Arthur, one of our Vice-
Presidents, and by 11.. l'arlylc, an intended settler, so that the
olive is now in the hands of a:viral more than one individual, and
will certainly be to our posterity an article of export.
" Tobacco may be considered to be now fairly domesticated as •
deni.en ef Australia. The Government Agricultural Establish-
went at Emu Plains has greatly contributed to this desirable ob-
ject; and I underemnd from our Vice-Patren, that New Zealand
flax is to be made the next experiment of public cultivation and
manufacture. Our patron has succeeded in raising this plant from
seed; and, although chemistry has not yet been able so completely
to free this yarn from glutinous mutter as to prevent the thread
into which it is spun trout beim; knotty ; yet rope made of this
flax was found by the master of the Ittometlary store-ship, to be
gnarly or.e.tliird stronger than English rope; and, even if this ar-
ticle should not, as long as we are at peace with the Northern
Powers, he able to c,inpete with the cheapness and quickness of
trans's:lll%6°,l.ot Baltic hemp, yet a small quantity of it will, as I
am informed, by the most rtpectable mercantile authority, easily
supersede the Italian hemp, which is required for the strength of
shoemakers' thread."

MARITTME LAWS.—ApprftViCeS Act, 4 Gao. IV. c. 23.
This Aet provider•, that, after the Ist January, 1w24, every
ship exceeding eighty tens shall, on clearing out, have on
board one or more apprentices under the age of seventeen
years (whose indentures are to he enrolled at the Custom-
house), in the following proportion to her registt r tonnage,
viz.—

Ships of 110 tons, and wider 200 toes, 1 apprentice
200 . 400 2 ditto
400 Nil 3 ditto
500 - 700 4 ditto
701.1 and upward% 5 ditto
Every apprentice so enrolled is to be exempted from serving
in the navy, until he shall have attained the age of twenty-
one years, provided he is regularly serving out his time
with his first master or shipowner, or with some other to ,
whom his indenture has been transferred. The first mate
of every ship exceedin., eighty tons, and the first and
second mate of every ship exceeding 300 tons, are also
, exempt from being impressed.
CONSVAIPTION OF BUTillEit'S MEAT TN LARGF.TOWNS.
—A comparative statement of the quantity of Aleat con-
sumed in a Seetch and an English town :
WA. Bullocks. Of 11 I' f. Sheer .N• Lambs. Total.
Glasgow - 16,840 9,3:1 124,979 151,1541
Liverpool - 15,217 19,0711 85,993 121,0811

Difference . Lon 10.5:19 38,911 30,070
The population in Glasgow, in 1023, was - 150,000
And in Liverpool - lao,ooB
It is understood that a conslilernble part of the shipping is
supplied with fresh meat flout the Liverpool market, while
the shipping belonging to Glasgow is supplied with fresh
meat from the Greenock and l'ort Glasgow market, except-
ing a few bullocks for one ship in the Greenland trade,
which was supplied fretu the Glasgow market.

EDMUND BURKE AND THE COUNT DE
MIRABEAU.

EXTRAORDINARY INSTANCE OF PLAGIARISM.
The Count de Mirabesu was one of those extraordinary
and highly-gifted minds which broke forth in France in
the early stage of her Revolution ; it is almost incredible
that a genius of his east, fertile in eloquence as he was, aad
lull of resources, should commit a plagiarism so singular
and so curious, as that which we are about to reconl, and
that from so distinguished a public writer as Mr. Burke,
whose works are in the library of every scholar in Europe,
and whose Parliamentary speeches, from their celebrity,
would seem to render detection unavoidable. Yet such U
the extraordinary fact. The Count de Mirabeau, in a
publication of the year 1788, Asz Barters srr Mallows.
deral, thus addresses the Republican party, whose designs
had been overthrown by the Duke of Brunswick's march
into Holland:—

" Que ai une lumiere prorTetique rotas efaerev6l4 lee Ereaernent
future, lee maux que vous avey soufferts, et oeux qua trout soutfrez
encore, en cc cas meme yaws auriez di rendre la resolution got
vous avez prise, pour pcu que sous mules respecte votze gloire, et
vas ancetrea, et les jugentens de la poxterite.-0 illusive disgrace!
0 victorieusc defaite! Puirie cease memorable. epoque etre graves'
dens les mauler, du monde en earacteres tactfaciables, et sa gloya
rester toujoura nouvelle pour von dernirah nevelt: ! Ah ! :Toyer a
jatnais ignores de quiconque lie sacra pas qu' sprit i tombattre bs
tyrannie au-dedans, la force au dettors, la leterete de vas voisies,
vous area suconmhe en defendant la cause de l'hooneur. la auto
de la rattle, La cause de l'sspere hurt-mine ! l'eut-titre la fortune
trionaphera-t-elle de la renommee, couture elle a triomphe de la
vertu. Mali voter ronscieice, du anoint,. braver* ace 'Relines, et le
souvenir de:ce que vous art. tente Isabitira sans cease au fond de yes
mural ; it y terser& confine en tan saLctuairc; II teen sortira
qu'arec la rata'. _

The reader will find on comparison that this beautiful
burst of oratory is an alinost literal translation into French
of the following passage in Mr. Bu i‘ . ea celebrated speech,
:made on the 2Stil of February, 17N3, (three years before)
on the Nabob of Areot's debts, spoken in allusion to Mr.
Fox's East India Bill :

" It is not neeessary that the Right Honourable Gentleman
should sarcastically call that time to our recollection. Well do I
remember every circumstance of that memo: able period. God for.
bid I should forget it. t 1 illustrious disgrace ! 0 victorious de,
I feat ! May your memorial be fresh and new to the latest genera.
tions! May the day of dist generous conflict be stamped in cha-
racters never to be cancelled or worn out from the records of time!
Let no man hear of us, who shall not hear. that in a struggk
against the intrigues of courts, and the perfidious levity of the
multitude, we fell in the cause of honour, in the causes/ our coup.
try, in the cause of human nature itself! But if fortune should
be as powerful over fame, LS she has been prevalent over virtue, at
least our conscience is beyond her jurisdiction. My poor share in
the support of thnt great measure no man shall ravish from me.
It shall be safely lodged in the sanctuary of my heart, never,
never, to be torn from thence, but with those holds that grapple it
to life."
Such an instance of plagiarism as this locos no precedent
in the annals of literature.