The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1822-05-09 00:00:00

• • •
were every day passed to give protection to
trade and manufactures, to which the landed in.
terett never objected ; ■nd sorely it was not too
touch dirt the landed interest should look fur pro-
technic laws in its turn. .0 they were not able to
take oil all the protecting duties on other commo-
dities, why should thew be related to the prqsloge,
of the roil ? He should be es glad as any mks
set a free trade in every thing; but oil long its the,
debt lasted they could .never have a free trade ; iat
long as the fundholders emended the full amount
yf that mortgage which they maid tbey had
upon the land, so long mail they be prepared to
glee protecting duties to the landholder. The
foldholdas themselves, however, we►e gradually
becoming landholders. The transfer of the landed
property of the country M4O going oti with greater
osoidity than °mat of throe around him seemed to
be aware of. He knew that even ender such •
sliange it would be skid the Government of the
coantry could still go on ; he knew that mo-
ney would go into the Treasury—that the
new landlords would pay the taxes. But, ha
would ask, could any man believe that so large
and so respec►able a body of the community as the
present landowners would quietly submit to be thus
ruined ? It was too much t• submit the Joyulty
of men who had proved the sincerity anti firm-
nem of their attachment to the constitution of their
country—who had supported its government with
ardour and loyalty unshaken throughout the long
and severe struggle of the late protracted war—lt
was too much to submit the loyalty of such men to
so searching end trying a test as that to which it was
now exposed, and then to tell the House not to lean
too much to the landowners. lie concluded by
stating that lie had 110 desire to interfere with the
resolutions of his Hon. Friend the Member for

Somersetshire (Sir I'. Lethbridge) ; but if they
were not twried. be should their take the liberty of
Boeing his own.
Mr. Cum., said we were now in that situation

in which it was necessary to make a choice of evils,
and the House had to consider which of the six
evils before it, for he believed there were six
different plans brougt.t forward, was the lent.
How far relief was to be expected from a re-
ininicto of taxes had already been proved.--
The remission of the malt tax was expected to
raise the price of barley, instead of which it had
continued to fall ever since. It was desira-
ble that if possible this question of the corn laws
should he set at rest, and that duties should be
passed by the House which would enable them to
go on for a considerable time without further peti-
tions. When people felt that all had been done that
could be done fur their protection they would be con-
tented. lie was inclined to give the preference to
the resolutions of the Hon. Member for Somerset
(Sir T. Lethbridge), if he could see the smallest
hopes of their being carried, because they would
give the most effectual protection ; but he feared it
would he impossible to pan theme and he should
therefore support the propositiou of the Noble
Hargett, (Loodonderey).
Mr. BaoGDEN (the Chairman) here suggested as
the moot convenient mode of proceeding, in order
to simplify the question sod shorten the debate,
that the decision of it e Co.nmittee should be taken
oil each set of Resoluttons, by proposing them
aerie/et, instead of as amendments upon amend-
ments.
Mr. BAVILIS approved of the suggestion of the
Honourable Chairman. He approached this ques-
tion with greater anxiety and even epprehriisiom
than almost any other. He saw no reason fur de-
porting from the recommendation of the Coalmines
of last Session, not to legislate on the subject atoll.
He tltought if by accident the price should iit•
to 80s. and the ports be opened for nationalism,
such a blow would be given to the agriceltme
or the country ars it would prohably never recover.
The Honourable Member for Westminster had rc-
commeuded a free' i iinortatio ; hut in Ilnit lie
stood alone. For there w.ie no other person,
whether political economist, agriculturist, merchant,
or manufacturer, who had spoken oo the subject, who
did not concur in the opines' t !tat it was on evil which
was to be.guarded against at all events, and by apy
means. He thought at would be the best course to
prohibit importation under any circumstances till a
fixed period, say t t ititle of March Tel ; and to
provide that if from any circuinstritire
the prices should rioe to the present importation
price between the e. sting harvest and that period,
i!arliament should be called together to adopt such
a measure as might eppe sr to be most advisable
under the.circum.isneri. To :meek of the duties
proposed by the Hon. Baronet (Sir T. Lethbridge),
high as they appeared, and impossible as it was
thought by the llottoureble Member who spoke
last, to admoliver them, he (11r. Sinatra) do.e
'leak them .iillicietrtly hem is case of ea Woe-
ration 'why') sortie months hence to provost
undution. The farmer iii thii tremor, .01 p
sent was glad to s-II at forty.fire shillisigset be-
esuse it was a reinuiseratiito price, but bos'expre
he could not get more. And the same wtssild on.
doubtedly be the case with the foreign. growers;
they would be glad to find a went for their grain to
our markets at any price, nether than keep it to
Perish al home. He, tlierefon..soinsMt able to say
what would be a proper midi of doting to protect
the arictillwe of thus Tante), from the ruin.
'bus conseirences of no. tompilotiorg. sisportation.
It was sump iii.t every reek coons', emit be au .
porting country : that origin et might not be true.
From the time of Kin; ArdliMae; the country; it
must be acknowledged, mom jh a Byte of ;grow rig
wealth and omit: imptoetresseee awd yet we at evt
time exported 3 i ,0400,000 quarters of wisest. Ho
deprecated the ides' that the presto' period was one
most fitting for legislatiociaa sohject, and he
grounded Ms opinion tos' thiamin satiety of semi.
meat which 111,11.10 rd, mad Ain small cumber of
persons who appeared to conamde iu any sue
plan. The Act which it woo time desired to repeal,
on passed after the rua,orea deliberation. and yet
its penis then suggested soy one of the esils now
apprehended ftniu its continuance. Legible-
lute therefore was not called upon withost the most
Pressing eieces!ity (which he contended did not
exist) now in fake any steps. It was the (*shim) now •
in praise liberality in • matters of trade and cim-
mere, and all restrictions were to be relaxed, end we
were to become, as it were, citiseua of the world;
but if we wete to have • flee trade • in torn, WWII
it not also be free in timber. wool. silk, cloths, I
into, bons, raw and utauefae,tured material., of

every kind, and if it were good to hue cheep earn,
won'd it not be goad to bow other things Amp,
and must you not then have these tommodities
tronett to your market in the cheapest ship*.
.(reits
might be true, but it was not by this system that the
country teed become what it 1161 i wee, battle system
orrestrielions, more partieilloCly MAO eist•n, file trade
in which was not entirely free in aisle country of EU.
,rope,: and no emelt ple of it existed M encieet. history.
:We might be much wiser than our aticemors, but tie •
thinight they Wit*. not such fools as join. lion.
'Grodemen seenlittrtO iinagine, as they Had brew
able to make of o'insall copntry'.• very great one,
and placed us in the proud situation in, which we
now steal. He therefore did not think that all
their maxim• should be at once discarded :, besides,
the system of free {rode was impossible, except tin-
der two. eonditions; the first was a permanent and
lusting peace throughout the world—mid secondly,
the tatabliehmeut of perfect peace, good. will, and
harmony, and a total abolition of ull commercial
rivalry and jealousy. But at the present time
he thought there was
,as much commercial
activity :and jealousy as ever existed, and peace
could hardly be expected to be so permauent
ea to give effect to the principles contended for.
The Hon. Member then argued at considerable
length spinst the practicability of carrying she
principles of a free trade into effect, from the diffi-
culty 'of :pip,* employ for the labourers who
would be thrown out' of employ, and the obstacles
to the remuv.l of capital from the land. He would
net desire to see what was called the poor hands
thrown out of cultivation, on the contrary he would
wish all the kingdom to be cultivated like a gar.
den, and he should think it • misfortune even if one
acre was forced out or cultivstion—(Heat)-o-omd he
should deeply deplore if the country were to be-
tome more manufacturing than it was at present.
He thought the arguments as to the operatiou of
taxation and the change of the currency, had been
mach exaggerated, as the depress here com-
plained of existed also in countries not exposed 'to
those cireprnioneces, and though he did not cou-
tend for the absurdity of taxation not beiug inju-
rious, yet he concurred in the opinion that even a
remission of five millions of uses svould not be a
present • relief. Indeed none of the propositions
promised any present relief; 'and that was the reason
of their being received with such indiffereucy. He
had himself ;trimmed in the Committee, that
Government should go into the market and par-
chase i considerable quantity of corn, and that
-.he' thought would have been an immediate re-
lief. • It appeared to him that, at all events,
1 faith should be kept with the public creditor,
as any infringement of that principle would only
laggravate the distress. Other interests might be
pulled down, but they would only fall upon the
1 igriciilturaliiti• and increase the weight of their
misfortunes. Be reminded the Committee of the
old fable of the bundle of sticks,' Ind exhorted
them
.not to suffer the pohtical economists to pull
theta Sts• pieces, but to keep them together mid
abide by The nsaitims of °sir ancestors.
Mr. Htificlikis(t-iiiid, that after the little pro-
, greys that bad been circle in the quiiition.—(Hear,
liesr)—and the great diversity Of opinion exhibited,
it might be a relief to the Committee to hear that
he only rose to explain the motives of the course
'which he had talc.° ie the present Session. He
' had abstained from attending the Committee up
sours, and it was, lie owned, a greet satisfaction to
him to hear from his Noble Friend that, under all
ilia eleesonstitncee, and after the treatment he had
,euvesie, ..
after the preparation of the Report,
iblik-fitiltStr. Hitalisson) was fully justified in not
attending the Committee. Of the •preseut Report
he wished to say nothing, except shot if it partook
of that mystification uojuatly imputed, in his opi.
Mon. to the former Report, that mystification was
confined within very narrow limits. With regard
to the former Report, as far ar it regarded the law
of 1815. mud generally what vase proper to be dune,
he agreed with it, and was willing to be responsible
for tit' Far Seale of the recommendustesss be could
not be responaible, but 'Oleo the irritation of the
moment hod passed away, he was not 'timid that
Report would bear examination. It was a great
satisfaction also to him to hear his Noble nand em-
press his opinion that its that Report were the tette
principle, which ought to igniretn the corn trade,
although he coosidered thte, under the prevent
circumstances of the country, a larger modificatir o
of those principles were necessary than he (Mr.
litiskinton) thought ought to be applied. The Re-
port in the main was approved us will by those who
presided over the interests of agriculture at a neigh-
bouring tavern. as by the pelnical economist, who
i applied to it in his closet the severest rules of his
'Ovum. The character of the present law was, us
a monopoly, injurious to those which it was in-
tended to benefit; and, as is free trade, it gave ull
the profit and edema :we to the foreign corn grower.
It was in ',cord what be thought the true princi-
ples that he tendered a set of resolutions, as he was
anxious to have the recognition a the House to
thpse mineiples. As it was imposaildie'for hins to
.11itegikate question without drawaim :demo on him-
self obloquy and reproach, and as he was anxious
*lily to derelict his consistency and the principles rt•
doMmended last Sessiim, and to 'Absolve himself
from the rest °foolishly of our coetittuing under
the relent system of corn Jews, which hull 'Already,
in his opinion, occusioaied a great destructiun of ca-
pital; anxious only fur these objects, he should
leave the Committee to deal with his resolution, its
they might think limper. •'
Lord 41..Tnettr soid,the Hon. Gentleman (Mr.
Bankea). thuugh.he had argued 'grunt tht.princi-
plea of ties trade, he lied said °mhos* of the Rem-
lutious ; he' (Lord Althorp) shoed& not, there-.
fore, follow him in all has argiiiiients. The Ho-
nourable Member for Porterliugton laid down the
principle that the agriculturalist bad • right to
protection so far sa he was affected by the du-
ties, and in that be (Lord Althorp) iodise'', weed.
It was extremely difficult to say what portent of
taxes pressed upon agriculture, and in discussing a
question upon whseli the Safety of the country de.
pended, it would be unsafe to bawd city theory on
such insufficient dale as they were 'peserssed oh
The object of the Committee should be to Hod out
some system that would fix a steady and reruune- 1
rating 'nee—above sli, a steady peke. He lump it was tos•
possible to permit fluctuation 'wisely, bat then they should
avoid Samsung it by arsitleial enevios.—(Hear,lsear.)—With
reward to the psoieriion which the &men had a right to
deusood, tit dill sit swish to extend the bipirialles price be-
lloust that 'mimosd by the existing tom leas. 8 e i thee be

IJ wieti In regulate the edam laws, and precut, al meet
nosibk. IlectieNtiqa, fad. k. Ihuyglrl a price between
MO.. awl tlrs: eidohl humid Sidit object. it w.s with
them views he looked at the nrsoletions. Oe She sub.
Jere of. duties, be eirobski a lily of tOil. Wield be ablikti. at,
add as flee resolution IA his fine. Felted. (kir. Remelt) pro.
'petiole acts. case the arse s) to his views, he should sopelort f
it. -slaked vow rebel Wined, ebb gapped,/ ape. whack I
shoolel form him elecisioa. A* to immediate relief, thee.*
;hie joiceinent could eat, emote farm • redaction of taxes. II
irnrionikie to deny Iltatthe. taxes wove the arricukitteiet
:had bras dossided to euerseqseser of the change iu tile car.
'reeky. ; It had been asked if the taxes were she caeve•ut the
darken., why out press on Whet brunches of the coepinnopy
as well as the lassillsoldere ! lathe first tastatice. he bout
that the maautictereirs were la that prosperity they whin re-
p/mewed. Look an Plusetnierb and Stafford, fne exam.
pie. Besides, such was the state of doses at pee..
and, tied if the pica of eons were tidied in order, to ties
the agroculiulteris what might be considered • rename.
ration price, it would materially injure the insaufselitiers.
He timid not sit dors without expresdng hie surprise at the
manner the Noble Laid bad treated- the qu, silo', nod the
levity he hail m.nifested. He seemed to hold up to ridicule
the very piirprieitioir which he had iseraireed and afterwards
abandoned.—(Hear, hear.)—la the Oak in *bleb she farmers
were placed they bad • right to expect more attentiiie fees
the Greeernatent, sad he cuoeurred in the erasure which had
keen vat upon the Noble Marquis for his esudect. He was
of opinion that Ile eystere of dreebeeks wee a• advaii-
tageoss part of the like. That proposed by the Hon. Gee.
fleasgst faked (Me. Ricardo) wee too small to he etheiret,
and as she bounty properted by lass Huse. Friend (Mr. Beans)
would 'he berwerial, it was se additioual latiocemeut to sup-
port hie proposition.
Mr. GOOCH lamented that any party spirit should had
its way Iwo the distillates of a subject so which all parties
were equally intervened, sod he nought the attack mans
last wield by the Hon. Baronet (Sir S Burdett), an attack
full of ulna, no doubt, as all his speeches were, e d.
ingly misplaced. At the same time hr must admit that when
the Noble Marquis and his Right Hoe. Friend (Mr. Her
kl-soi.) were look disagreed opus se important • subject, the
Noble Lord bad laid himself open to animedversou, foe on
this subject nothing timid be more desirable thee sea.
nimity. He saw no chorea of immediate relief, Siltle.
fore all they could do wee to stem the torrent of die.
tress with which the cannery was at present inoodated.
The petrol cora laws sicoashoeml peepetoat arietuatioss and
kept the farmer in • slate ot wait, lest the quantity of rum
warehoused should be thrown into eimml itiun on the maw
meat the ports were opened. For this reason he agreed is
the third eradiation, but he differed from the Noble Marmite
In one particular, for be thought the ports should not be
opened until the price of cora arrived at 7he. As to
duties, la thought a duty of lbs. added to the has. after the
ports were opened, would be a suSrient protection. Al
he wished was to maintain the leaded Juliana in a waddles
lionnorable to themselves, sod to enable them to cultivate
the land with advantage to she couistry. If it were possible
to remove all the lairs which peered exclusively on eget.
cohere, then he would say they .runt loam the trade open
to the whole world; but le the present state of things as
that was impossible, all he wished woe that agriculture
'should brave eqisal piotectiee with the other classes of the
community.
Sir T. LETHBRIDGE mitered isle • defence of his own
resolutions, and laid he was eioevutred that so less ditties
this those which he had proposed meld give an adequate
proleetium ; and Wets, protection was extended to ottani
commodities besides cote, they would tot do justice to agrl.
cohere, and be was are the coasetry wierelil feel such dials.
pointed if they did wit get sammiliatiereltef. fie believed!
that in all Intossetioas blames man and mss, then was le'
Millet* more anxiously luirlied to thaw security is their
dealings, and that was the principal object of his resolutions.
He was satisfied that no meager, short of that rimed give as.
iliratliOn Nod if that arm not their object, what was the
use of them diteossions, melees to pal • patch epos the
wounds, instead of loathing them to the bet lath and he for
oar moat always pretest meow throe palliatives.
Mr. N. CALVERT did awl think that any immediate re.
lief could be given tit the ririeolsorretis. The demise was
'too extrusive to be erected by soy Parliararateey itamtateat.
He did real place mach coolikace on die stairesessis of the
ems dealers who were eseseiteed haloes the Contrantee-ohne

however resmciabie their characters might be, they neat
always receive wish teeing the teetoniny of interested per.
sons. the the (general principle they were ell agreed, shoe the
• farenor should kayo% INVIIIIIIMB11•1 price, beat he woe sorry
to ere ohms they CMOS lie particulars, mass; puilenie•
representlei aevierilhivel earessee, seemed to attend solely
to their lotereols,addille direct all elicit endearment° obtain
high prisms.
Mr. IRVING vs* hi ono sore disposed I. support the
plea of Ike Noble Mom* she. his own, fur he an .t erne
of thane who were dialoged to leave the Noble Lord in the
levels. To that Nohislherd km resold leave Use recourilia.
lion crisis owe ceeddlouiry, and to his powers would be leave
it to recoonle Ike poopseilios to which he celled upon him
S. dive hie adeent, **dart which he hems, If bed introduced.
Al aeon blamentlached to him tor the pluousrtros which M - .
-•

. .. .
bad broacht forward, he wished to glees history of the traria.
Siesies.—i(lead cries of " %session r)—He cuociuded by,
obsiervise that of all the various plies which bad hams
Weight (reward, that of the Noble filasquis seemed the leipi
objectismable, and therefore he should support it. , .
Sir N. COLTHIMST observed that proteetioe dodos
*boob* trot he confined to Agriculture, but should be mi.
leaded is s commodity which formed a very extreme, poetise
Vof the teed. of that part of the country, with T. ' Mee
connected, be mesas—butler. Sad vithrt Oa'
twoie or some other, he should submit * lif4Sii -II 4
suljeet.
Sir %V. WYNN supported (u we Inidev,i4 ¶ 10111
for leakier the importation price SO*.
Mr. GRIFFITH attributed the diatom to Iwo areeese
stances, the clump its the cautery sad oppreasi've l'aitiiiiiin.
The siricsltorisSi were compelled to ply the moire lama,
with depreciated trees's, so formerly. The agriesltuitsts
were pirtieolarly
:liable sic this hardships but the fuadbuider
prattled by filar distress.

Mr. BROUGHAM rose amidst eras ger " Question !" and
"Adjourn!" from all peril of the House. Hr could meanie
the House, that atthsegh he ruse at a late hour, he should
nee detain them mosey mimeses. If there was say Geo.
Oman anxious to express his opinions ma the ques-
tion, he shoeld alined to the eulogise." of its adjourn.
maul, but if tot he thought the litscarsion bad hems HA-
civility prolonged to enable them to fume a decision. He
rose merely to state the question as II stood before the
House. The flat epie.tios woe, whether say or what react.
lotions should! be made is the claming torn laws. He be-
hewed that with She exception of the Member for Hertford,
in'opinion bad bees expremell agieest snakier/ some titters-
tioa. To the present system there were two objections,
these weir the importation price sad the averases. Ad-
mitting then that it was exptelsent to gm shoo of 'be present
laws, the question was what substitutes should be istrodnced.
The phis of the Noble Ma.quis was lia►le to bulb these ob-
joetione. It had an lampoitation price, snit proceeded so a
seal, of as. rsges. The plea of the Right Hots. Gratimoma
(Vr. Hnskisson) was liable to only one of these objection.;
it contained no importation prier. It admitted is tree trade
front the time the price of corn should amuunt to 70.. hut
with regulating doing. Now the plea of his Honourable
Friend (Mr. Itiesedo) was liable to wither; for lie proposed
that as soul, is (end not as often as) the price of core arrived
tit 704 the trade should be pernmerstly free, suliject.to err.
lain dollen. To the priaciple of that proposition he had so
olives son, hut tinder existing circumetauces he thought the
(folio' be proposed too low. His Honourable Friend the
Member fur Wilt-hire proposed higher detiea, awl t►e
Honourable Baremel (Sir T. Lethbridg►) still higher. He was
surprised at the acrimony with which Abe Him. Baronet
anew Overfed on the unhappy political economists; foe he
apprehended the Hon. &loam was himself a member of
that bo.le, but belonged 'to a different 5ch001...-(Hear.)—a
But the Hisse must remember that 00s. now should be 41181 r
sidereal the same a. 10Us. herwre the alteration to them."
reset', and yet if say permit Mll thee prop Med lbal 84
nhould he the importation price, he believed that the
Honourable Baronet himself would say if was too much.
He was one of thou who were oropitiewi that the great pro.
portion of the distress complained of was amused by execs-
Thus man nothing in t►e immletions to give

penes! r..liet lot! it was coals piled they would per y, at a
silo I sr iscruirent e of distress; they migl.t or noglit nut, but
they did sot glee the relief required. He did hut object to a
crisinia of the corn law., for the reasuu that turn was at •
boss rate, but at that lase hour of the night he would snit
ter thin the aserita aif she question. He concluded by
ying, that he would give his ewe fur the plan of the Mem.
r- fur 11.4f...ha1/ton. .
The Marquis of LOrlDttN DERRY said he merely rem
fat the iittrwine of etesisilugh which the Noble bird slid at
lobar length. He es. of Damien the Committee bught ir►t
to diode Ull the Resolittions4 rho Hon. Baronet, Member
Irm file .Is•reetetatee ; ■ad if they were negaisved,thess an the
'Resolutions of the Hoauur•ble Iternher for Wiltshire;
sod if they wee. negatived, hi. (sits Nola. Margnia) reside.
do is would be open to diaeumius, ur to soy ainetidassal
Hut might be proposed.
Straoser. were then ordered to withdraw, sod the C.
slats* divided ma &e T.: Lethbridge resolultasus.
Ayes .
Nese:. 4. 66 ' r. . lo'
__ . .

• Majority against the Resolutions... 219
The riflery wa. not sesta ripened ; hot we understood
that the resolutions or Jr. J. Remit, Mena •••• Cue Willshlfr,
w. re orestived without a division.
The Moisie then resumed, the Ch-iirotee reported pro-
gees., and obtained leave to sit amiss.
The other order. or she day were disposed of, and the.
Reuse adjourned at HALF.PAST TWO O'CLOCK.

MINORITY
Of Thirly•seven who voted for Mr. Wyzill'a ‘Toiloo—" That
ilia the opinion of this Hoare that the hest and most
effectual Relief that can be given to the agricultural
Interest, is a large remission of Taaation."—May 11, 152.
—ma.—
Allen, 1. A. IDennesa, Thos. Power, R.
R omit, S. 11. Nadas, Hon. T. rill/lett, Hon. W.
Browithsoi, H. Fitzroy, lewd C. Palmer, C. F.
Mae, Sir P. Fetenson, sir lt. Sykes, D.
B•anasonl, T. W. Halm, Sri W. Sehright, Sir J.
Wieh, J. Griffin, J. W. Minato., J.
Bright, H. Grahans, S. Wertgro, C. C.
Bereit, .1. Hortiby, E. . Wcbbe, col.
Bernal. R. Heron, Sir R. 'Tierney. Rt. Hon.
Coffin, Sir Isaac Home, J. George
Creevey, Thome. lAmnord. T. B.
Cbaluner, R ' Maid., Ron. Wm. IMMO.
Career, J. C. .11tonck, J. B. Wyvi if, M.
DrCrespigay,SirW. Phillips, George Wilson, Sir R.
R. ti. Gomel paired off is favour of the muting.
~ . _