The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1810-01-04 00:00:00

THE FILCIRTORT or FELTZ To ms. isms.

Depertaisat of the SM.. Mamas gitla, imp •
Sis—l Unjust received frets Mr. Plieltary a Maar em
email. • printed paper, permitting to hes easy of a direirk
to vu from Mr. Caimans, which states, .rem Miter Mess.
that " from the report Orme comereatinas wits Me. MOW
sou, Mr. Gallatin, aad Mr. lbrieth, it appears—
" let. That the Americas Goverment is the
strut of His Majesty. masentiarr Le withdraw Orelniaia
Council ef Janwary sad November, iss7„ Oa withdraw etre
tempormeossly ea its part the imandiettes of its harbsam
to ships of war, and all nos-intarcimese and eamismortatisa
acts' so far se rearm Great intain„ lisaelar this. is Lases
with respect is lame and the Posses whisk sideri se am
ander her 461:11146.

std. That America is winks( to russisste, during OM pew
seat war, the retessigs sicarrympi a., is ohms of war. all sole
with the siseisy's twissies, friss which slis was issisisldost-
illr. Pert: . -

7' lid. Great Britais far the propose a assaring ape-
ratios of the embargo: sad the iota Ale intestne id Ater
ries, to prevent be cinemas frees trodiag aril% Proar, and
tits Powers adoptisig sad actin maw thir Poor\ dooms,
is it, be cussidened as brig at liberty to dapidara all sash
American visage as esay he frood attar optswg to Isola with
the parts of any of these Powers ; wittiest obit& sloarity
fur the abservaace of the embargo, the raising It orairoslip„
with respect to Great Briton alms, would es OM will a
with respect to all the world."

1 ►nre t►e ►ooox to ropiest yore to geyser MS Wall
explanations es year sandiest will st esoe enspet, in minim
to terse imputed coaversalioss.

I forbear to express to you, Sir, the earptisothet hl kit St
the extraurdisery pretaseteue set forth is this imam of is.
'traction, and especially at the expectation, blot this foss
verstriest siostd, as a prelitalsou7, recolpsas eiteditioneq
tww of ilsich are an manifestly lirecimecihable to the dignity'
sad interests of the United States. I, hoivessr wish' re..
Ma/ k, that had you &seam, atproper to hese couisisesestok

im gale*., thasketier, it would hive beem isepeseibie fir die
President* have perceived, in its =missies% et is tte
that conciliatory dispositnio which had boos priced, sod
whisk it Well hoped, had mill, ousted.
I have the homier as be, &c.
(seed) h. MTH.
The Ilea. David 31. &skies, &sc. &c. &e.

I

IRON 111.. SIMI RE To UR. 11111ITII.
Weshiogiou, August 14,
St Rapt have the beam to admeoledits dee except of
your letter of the ph iestuot, safersiug see that you bed Jest
received slater frees Mr. Piekoey, adman • rioted pa.
per, purr/meg to he • copy of u dispatch to oes has Mr.
Casual, whir ir stereo, anion eater thiere, •• Imo the re•
port of your eestversatiose with Mr. bletheas, So. Gallatin.
amid Mr. South, it appears

Ist, TliA the American Government is repred, ionise
crest of His hi nicety's cuuseating to withdraw thet Orders in
Council ofhirmaary sod November, .4°7, to wsthdraw
enu-
temporaseoosly,on its pert, the interdiction dim harbours ha •
ships of war, and alt Nownitereotirse seal Plowimportatumi
Acts, so far as respects Great &Weis, Morin Ike= to Nets
with respect to Frasier, sad that Powers which adapt, or act
under her her decrees

" yd, That Asamica is willing to moonset, Swiss dm pre-
sent war the peetenwon of carrying on, in time taw, all
trade wish the (sewn' eulogies, trona *lnch aM was itet:od-
eddering peace._

Great Britian'. for the parpnie of waning the ape.
ration of the Emhart.), and the wise') fiele intention el d Sere%
to prevent her catinsis from trading with France lied the
Powers adopting and acting ender Fresich decrees. isle
be considered as beteg at lathery to ramose all aucli demi.
can vinsca as nay he found attempting (to trade) with the
parts of any of these Puce.., wit Lout which security for the
La...ensure of the Ersubsrgd, the manila' it nonainelly skids re-
spect to Great Pedalo alone, would, an fact, rune it, with
respect to all the world."
The explaaations which you request frees are ern that
subji.ct, shall be siert' nub caadour, nil t will pseererly
accordingly, to lay seliwe you an abstract of the cannot-
n.rai.ons which 1 made to His 111,1jeety's Goveniniedt, se-
!alive to the IMAMI courersatioin which I had held

with Mr. Madison, (then Sreretary of State', Mr Gallatiw
sad nayaelf, m the tone and upon ilw occagioii alluded to
by UI. Moray's Secretary of State ;Mr. (7aiining) in that
port of hip inttructiona to me, of which you intorno we
yon have recermil a printed letter from Mr. Pinkney.
epun referring to my .liapatclii, addreaued to His Ma
kitty's Govermnent of the ;01 and 4th Ikeember last, in
which these communications arc didailed, 1 coucluile that

-..—.. .-.-.-_
the eninersaiiums alluded to moo have been bald some
days previous to that period, sod were to t►e following
effect : _ _ .

Mr. Madison, (then Secretary of State) is represented by
ate to have so ged various arguments tending to prove that
tLe United States bad exerted ail their efforts to persuade
the Fr. set, Goveraineut tv withdraw their unjust rrrrr ictious
upon neutral commerce, and that recourse might hate been
Lad to measure. of more activity and decision against France
than mere ressoastritaces, hut that, Ia the nice* time, Great
Britain had issued het Orders is Council, before it was
burin fl whether the Coiled States would acquiesce in the age
gressiolis of France, and thereby rendered at impossible to
distinguish between the conduct of the two belligerents,
who had equally committed aggression's against the Lotted
States. . .

After some other observations, Mr. Madison is stated by
sae at that time to have added, that as the world must be
convinced that America had in vain taken all the means in
her power to Alain from Great Britain and France a just
attention to her rights as o neutral power, by representations
and remonstrances, that she would he fully justified in bay-
ing recourse to hostilities with either belligereat, and that
she only hesitated to do so, front the diffictelty of coutendMg
with both ; but that she must be driven even to endeavour
to maintain her rights against the two greatest powers in
the world, unless either of them should relax their restric.
times up it neutral commerce; iu which case, the United
Scuts would at once bide that power, against the other
winch might continue its aggressions.
That every opinion which be entertained, respecting the
best interests of his eunntry, led him to wish that a good nu-
de estanding should take place between Great Britain and the
United States, and that he thought that the ohvions advan-
tages which nimbi thereby result to both countries, were a
sufficient pledge of the sincerity id his sentiments.
These etnervstioes, Sir, I big leave to remark, were made
In me by Mr. Sladisoir, about a month after the intelligence
fail been received in this country of the rejection by His
Gmernment of the proposition made throngli Mr
Piukney I.y the Presnleat, for the removal of the Embargo as
respected Great Britain, upon couditiou that the Orekrs in
emitted *lmola he withdraws as respected the United States ;
and leis seutimeuts were, as I conceived, expresacil to me, iu
order that I might convey them to His Nlajesty's Goverment,
so as to lead to • reconsideration of the propurnithi above
numtioned, with a view to the adjustment of the differences
upon that sutijeet between the respectne countries But
never considered that '4r. Madison meant that the Geo ern •
tient of the United States %tombd pledge themselves be% nod
the proposition respecting the Vaishargio, as above stated—.be.
cause that was the extent of the power of the President by
the Coust itution std the United States.
I nadeixtenei, very distinctly, that the oliserva(irms of the
Secretary of State were intended to I emery an opinion as to
what ought and would be tbe course pursued br the United
Staten, iu the event of lies Majesty's Orders in Council being
withdrawn.
In these sentiments and opinioils, you concurred, as I
collected from the teuor of sensed conversations which I
held • it% you at that period.
With respect totter second point, as stated its your letter
to he contained in a " Hier/web from Mr. Causing," I beg
leave to ogee the followitig explanation :
l• the course of a private istervww I had with Mr. galls-
tin ;the tiectrtare of the Treasury). be intimated that the
Non-ititereourse Law which was diem likely to be passed by
the Congress, might be considered as removing two very Un-
portsnt grunted% of difference with Great Brame, viz. the
IN-iii•lmportation Act, as applicable to her Wow, and also
the Peisidents Proclamation, whereby the ships of Great
Re train were excluded from the ports of the l'aited States,
while those of France were permitted to eater—but that by
the Nois-iMerevnarae Law both powers were placed on the
- .

same footing. Re dldheee ~etc to way, that this inesoire
had been taken hem en motives of conversiusi to Gres:
aritain but as, is fact, those cocsequencer followed, he
coaceiveil they might be considered so resautiog the two
great obstacles to • cuneiliatios.
He arleerted also Cu the probability of an adjustment of
another iinpoi taut point in dispute fretwira the tern coun-
tries, as Le said be knew that it sae intended by iht
Vaikd States to abandon the attempt, to carry ou • trade
with the colonies of belligerents in time of war, which was
not allowed in time of peace, and to trust Cu the being
penaitied by the French so carry on such trade in peace,
11111 as to estate thesis to a coutimisure of it in time of war.

As it ssay be very material to ascertain vi hat " trade with
the cutoutes of belligerents" was, in my cuneeptims, meant
by Mr. Gallatin; r intended to be abandoned by the United
Stars, I Seri no hesitation 41 derlasiog, that I supposed he
alluded to the trade from the colonies of belligerents &feet
to their mother moistly, us to the ports of other belligerents,
brraaae the right to such trade bed been the point in dispute ,•
vibe ryas, the right to carry on a trade from the colonies of
&thereat, to the Usitesll States had never been ruled
is sisestino, and had been recognised by His Majessy's
Shrew Court of Adesirativ ; MO lbs 'it'll'', errs, sPoo
which such colonial produce might lee re 'apt)) ted from the
Visited States, bad been Rirmally arranged, is a treaty, signed
in Limbos by the Minister,. Plenipotentiary et buth nous-
tries ; which was not, indeed. ratified by the Prettiest of
the United States hat was nut objected to as to that article
of at which settled the terms opus which such trade was to
be permitted.
Such was the substance, Sir, of the siscidiend convene-

boss winch I haul held With Mr. Madison, Mr Gallatin, and
youariatf, which I did not (maunder or represent to His Ma-
proty's Government se intended with any other view than
to endeavour to bring shout the repeal of the Orden in
Council, ►y shewisg that many of the obstacles whirl, had
stood in the way of an amicable adjustment of the dif-
ferences between the two countries) wile already removed,
and that a faint prospeet e,:isted of settling what remained ;
mace the United States had exhibited a determination to re-
sist the unjust aggressiom open her neut►al rights, which was
Withal Great Britain bad ever required; bat I certainly never
recei►ed any assurance% fro:lithe Americas Goverameut that
they *mild pledge themselves to adopt the ceaditiens spe-
cified in Mr. Canning's instructions as preliminaries ; nor
did I ever hold out sorb an expertstiou to His Majmty's
GU. ernwist, als aye stated to them that in t►e event
of Ills Majesty's thinking it just or expedient to rause Isis
Orders i t Coward to he withdrawn, that the Pnwidem would
take off the embargo as respected England, tearing it in
uptratios against France and the pow. is which adopted,
Or sited under her decrees, according to the authority w►ich
was rested in hint at that time by the Conferment t►e United
States, and that there wee every reason to expect that a sm.
tisfactory arranjemrut might be made sputa the points of
the colonial trade which had been so long in dispute between
the two countries.

At to t►e third condition referred to by you, specified in
Mr. Canning's lostroctiono, I ►ace only to remark, that I
never ►etd any rouversation with the Member, of the Go-
vernment ante ['.sited Alum to it, anti! my Int,
. .

arm iaiiiin•or had vier meutioised the subject to Hit Ida-
jesty's novernmesit—it baring, ter the hest time, been pre-
sented to my emisiderstims in Mr. Cansiog's dispatch to sue
of the .2341 January, in which Unit i.kit is suggested, and is
stated to hare been assented to by Mr. Pinkney.
It would br enavailing at the present moment to enter up-
on an eXatiblilliiloll of the "pretensions art forth in NI r. Can-
onic's kite, of inatructious," wbwb you sue pleased to term .
" extras...hairy
I consider it, however, to be my duty to Acetate that,
diming my otgoeiation with you, which led to the eiowhosion
sit 114 oioirsionisl agreement, I found no rcamou to believe
that 4.413" alifiCol(l4.4 afield ohm is the accoolpli..hinent of
the two follows conditions as far as it was in the power of
the PrriLh tat or the United States to secede to tut find, and
eommiteall) with the esplaaatom which I have before given
attn. accund point Hu the contrary, I rt mired allarausees
the Jszh you, (lint the trakkot would imply (as far as It
wits 111 her power) with the first roteditioa, avid that there
could be no doubt, that the Congress would think it won-
bent upon them, to assert She rights of the 11: lilted %Mel,
against such powers, as should adopt, or act limier the de-
crees of France as won as their actual rooduet, or deism in •
144aaa era Shit ashiect could be aacertained bat that. as

the meta time. the President had not the power, and eould
not undertake to pledge himself to the &mud meaner re.
vaned to that effeti.
I rowed also esinranres front you that co doubt could
be reasmiehly entertained that a aatisfartory arrangement
might tat made hi a treaty upon the anbjrct of the second
condition mentioned in Mr. Canning** instructions, according
to my evplanation a it in the foregoing part of this letter,
but that it necessarily would farm ma article of a treaty in
which the •arious pretensions of the two countries 'Wald be
settled

The third costfitino, you certainly very distinctly inform-
ed me could nut be 'rev:oiled by the President ; but you
added shat had *cell weight in my mind, that you did not
see why anj greatilinportapre should be attached to such •
recognition; because Illiifbeald be impossible that • citizen of
the tinted States cena4o prefer a complaint to his Go-
vernment ua account of the capture of his vessel, while
engaged in • trade abaolutely interdicted by the laws of his
country.
Under these circumstances, therefore, finding that 1
email tint obtain the recognitions specified in Canning's
dispatch of the ,tad of January, (which (menu' but one part
of his instructions to me), in the formal manner required, I
considered that it would be in vain to lay before the Govern-
eaten of the United States the dispatch in question, which I
was at liberty to have done, in extenw, had I thought proper.
But as I hail such strong grounds fur believing that the ob-
ject of His Majesty's Government could he attained, though
in a different usniintier, and the spirit, at least, of nay se-
veral letters of instruction be folly complied with, I felt a
thorough conviction upon my mind, that 1 should be acting
iu conluwmity with His Nlujesty's wishes, and accordingly
concluded the late provisioaal agreement, out His Majesty's
behalf, with the Government of the United States.
The disavowal by His Majesty is a painful proof to me
that I bail formed an erroneous julgment of His Majesty's
views and the intention of my instruct' ; and 1 hare most
severely to lament that au act of mine (though unintention-
ally) should produce any einliarraaanient in the relations Is:-
tares the tan countries.

It is a great consolation to nee, however, to perceive that
measures have beet. adopted by both t;over at. to present
any Imam and to obviate any inconvenient-am which might
have arisen to the citizen* or subject. of either country from
■ reliance on the fultilment of that provisional agreement ;
and I cannot but cherish a hope, that a complete and cordial
understanding betweam the two countries may be effected.
I beg hare to add, that it would have given me great hap-
piness to have contributed to au desirable an object, and to
firer yam lb:: assurances of the great respect sud high coo.
rideration with which 1 mutant. Sir, your writ obedient
humble servant, 1). M. ERSKIhE.
The Hou. R. Smith, &c. Lc. Lc.

THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY TO SIR. [MIRY.
Washington, Regain 13, tam)

Sta-1 du not believe, t►at. in the ronversations we have
bad risme...tint; tbr prartirsbility of an adjustment of the
differences between the Untied States and West IN ritlia,
ever have misunderstood one another. .Yd, no from Mr.

Canning's instructions, lately published by your Government,
it would seem that some opinions are ascribed to several
feniliers of this Administration, which they did out enter-
tain, it appear. sieresmary to ascertain whether on any pond
• misapprehension can have taken place.
I will forbear making any obserrations on what in the in.
struCtions is called the liwir.l condition, 'nice it is nut as-
serted that that inadmimikle proposition Willi ingested at
Washington.
The points inubnaimil in • Mr. Canning's first proposition
form, 41 the principal topic of our conversations, reln:ne to a
revocation of the Orbs* in Council. Yet in the manner iu
which tlisit preposition is expressed, it goes fivtlier than had
been suggested by the Members of the Administra . It
is sufficiently "trident, from the proceedings of Con, esa,
both priviima eed subse(exeut to the uorati*d agreement of
Aped last, stint the Us.ited !baba Merolla ha continue the
restriction me (Ole commercial taterconren with France,
a blot ouch of bee derives as violated one mrittral rights COO-
tinsiell In force, mid 140 remoss, those restrictimis in relation
to Great Briton, in the event of a revocation of the Orders
is Council but that state of things so far as it related to
France aim to result from our mini limp, kaolin uv
aWiri-
paled by your Goversineut, Awn they 'lithos toed ma
arrangement ; and it was net peoposcd by it that alit
contiwousee of the nen-intercourse with France should
be mode a cooddios of that arrangeineut.

Whilst ow that *object, I will add an ohservath.n, though,
prvitapa, not immediately connected with the olive( 04, tuts
letter. I think that the object of that proposition, ao far as
it agreed wOh your previous understanding of the Intrusions
of this guvri fluorin, has been sulotautially carried into effect
on our part It is tees that your goveroinent might, at the
date of the instructiou", have expected from the incipient
Pro
of Causer's. that Holland would he enthrall
lry the restrictive laws of the Uttile,l Slats". Not only, how.
ever, was the eigirion giumiwil,sinceAinegican vcisels acre,
at the time, by fire &rivet. of that country, mainsrd admissive
into its ports). but, under the same cumnregiou of our lass
by which the.evonnieecial nitercoorse with Hollaed was per.
milted, that with Portugal was abo considered as h-gal, un the
event of that o...nary being uccepied by British troop", cu
the name d tbe Prince Uctent•

It is therefornyrsiweikraliy as respects the second condition
which ►elates to l&malimatil trade, that errs/aeons inferences
might he drawn frunt. waptessiusis used in Mr. Canning's
hear Oft AIMS. Althomith the subject must have been mention-
ed &re incidentally, amid iu n transitvit moaner, as it is
ore to which I had paid particular attentive', and un shirk
my opinion had clever varied, I think I eau state with pre..
emirs' in what view I have always considered it, and most
have alluded to it.

1. I *ever could have given countenance to an opiaion,
that the United States would agree, or that it would be pro-
per, to make any arrategcnsent whatever respecting the colo-
nial trade, • condition of the revocation of the Orders is
Council. The two subjects were altoge►her mieminteted ;
slid, I ant confident, that inch a propositton was never eug-
gra►ed, either by run, or I.y any Nleitilwr of this Adosinistra-
'kW . Such an a.taagrwrnt could be effected only by treaty;
and it is with a considerable degree of surprise, that I see
your Goveromeut not only making resistance to the French
decrees, but the abandonment of this bylined of our Coasts
mere., as the price of the revers►ons of the Orders is Cow►
cll. This seems ►o give a new eisarstler to • measure which
had heretofore been reper,ented ss an act of retaliation, re-
luctantly adopted, and had bees defended soldy ow the
ground of a supposed actpliesceoce. on the part of the
Latest States in Ike injurious decrees of another mains.

4. In the meat of • treaty embracing all the points in dia.
piste, anti particularly that A 4 impressment', w,thont which,
I trust, nu tr. aty will ever Hike place, it was to) twinkle.
and I may certainly have expressed it, that if the other soh-
jects tf Atievenee were arranged, that rrspeeting the culosial
trade weight be easily adjusted. I had considered the princi-
ples rceoguized is • former correspondence between Lord
liawkeshory and Mr: king, on the ,abject of the robust
trade, and subsequently again adopted in the treaty negoti-
ated by Messrs. Monroe and Piolciwy„ as a gentled basis
• agreed on, under differt ut Administratioos, by both Go-
ternments, from which neither could mow recede, and sus-
ceptible only of modification as to details. The instruc-
tions to our Ministers, iti Loudon, ea that subject, had
also been puislidird, and were knows to your Gurus.-
went. I therefore believed, that the United States, in
the event of • treaty, would still be despised to wave, for
the , in the mossier sad on the tams enutempluted
by tto=strections, their right t. that Israorli, nail to that
branch wily, of the colonial trade, knows by the same of
direct tend., that is to say, the trade carried diieetly from
belligerent colonies to the belligerents in Europe, when that
trade was nut permanently, in peace as in war, permitted by
the laws of the country to which those col/mite belonged
The right to a trade lit twees such colonies and the Uustril
States generally, and to that is colonial articles between the
I. oiled States tied other countries, never can or will, in m y
opiates, be abandoned, or its exercise be suspended by then
Government. On the contrary, it is solely in order to Sc.
eurr, by an express treaty stipulation, that trade aganot the
danger of interruption, mutinies by a astral spirit of se.
commodatius to avoid colgsteltne, that the alendoonsent of
the direct braseh can. erg+ be Retested to.

Permit me therefore td• request, that you will inform me,
whether you understood me on those two poles., as 1 cer-
tainly meant to be understood, namely, that the relinquish-
ment, during the resent war, of what is called Ibs direct

trade, was alone eunl•mylated ; and that no ar►angewat
on taat suNjert was suggebted as a condition of the revoca-
tion of the Orders in Council.

I have t►c ►onour to be, with the highest respect and con-
sideration, Sir, your obedient servnut.
(Signed) ALBERT GALLATI,N.
lion D Erskine, Minister Pleuipetentisry, Ace ace:

MU. ERSKINE TO TUE SECKErAav OF TUE TREASURY.

Washington, Au .rust ir,th, tong.
have the honour to maim. lettge the •tecrhot of
your letter of the IJth lust. in which )1/13 have beauroteesest
to say, that although you 4r do out believe that att./An mil-
verietions we have had reapeeting the practiewhibty of ap ad:,
justincut of the differences between the United Statet 41i41
Great-Britain, we e% er have miguadrrutuod one amotber, yet,
. .

as, from Ilr.Caniing's instructions, lately publisfsed hi' my
foverouncut, it rushd semis that some opinions ard ascribed
to several Members of this Administration, which they dad
Not entertain, it appears necessary to ascertain whetting, iva
any point, a taimppreliensios can have taken place."
In aninver to your inpur ieg, 1 have rent satisfaction in as-
suring you that there appears to have hem* nu unsundeistaud-
ins rcapeetine the substance or meaning of the conveasatiens
which passed bat s CCM us, as slated in Mr. Canning's instruc-
tions alluied to. _ _

After the most careful pelletal of your statement of the
porpurt of our euireersatimis, I mount Ili.coier any matenal
difference Prow the repres•:ulaliun which I hove made sputa
that solijiitt to the Secretary of Slate (Mr. Robert Swath) in
my letter to blot, attar 14th inst. to which 1 will therefore
beg hare to refer yens, as I have therein detsikd the sub.
mane, of the coaversation, according to my recollection of
it ; which is he twiny respect essentialty the same as that
which you area lei have entertained.
Dearing the conversatiou winch we held respecting the
practicability of an amicable adjuatment of the differences
between the two countries, when the relinquishment ►y the
United States, during the present war, of what is called
the Celatia/ Issas, was suggested ►y you, 1 conceived
that you wait (as you bare stand) " the trade carried
directly from belligereut eidensies to the belligerents in
Earope, whet' that trade was not peinioneutly iu peace as
is war, permitted ►y the laws of the comitry to which those
colonies 'whinged."
I ne►er supposed that you intended to convey an opinion,
that the Government of the United States would make any
arrangements respecting the colonial trade us a condition of
the revocation ut the Orders its Council, the two subjects
being altogether inwounected ; nor have I ever represented
to Iles Majesty's Goveroment, that such preliminary pledges
would he given.
With sentimeois of the highest respect, I hare the honour
to be, Sir, your most obedient bumble Servant,
(Signed) 1). M. ERSKINE.
The Hon. Albert Gallatin., he. he.