The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1824-01-10 00:00:00

Canterac's army consisted of Permian', most probably
Obliged to fill his ranks ; but what attachment can these
hapless beings have to a system which could only
perpetuate their bondage, and which bola kept Them for
centuries aa mere slaves, working in the bowels of the
earth, and subject to the most tyrannical oppression in the
head of their fathers. Peru cannot become free, and an
amelioration of the Indians not almost immediately take
place ; the success of Camerae, and Spanish supremacy,
would only rivet their chains, and send them again in
thousands to the mines, there to drag out their days in
hopeless wretchedness. The independence of Peru, there-
fore, is closely connected with the comforts and happiness
of the simple natives, and they are not so ignorant
of what they have seen and suKretl, as nct to be aware
of it. The Madrid Gazette is obliged to acknowledge
the disposition of the American Spaniards in favour of in-
dependence. But the most rational amongst them (ac-
" cording to this paper) suppress this sentiment, being
" persuaded that Peru wants the promotion of agriculture,
" industry, and commerce--elements, without which no in-
" dependence can exist." To the position contained in the
latter part of this sentence, we are fully prepared to ac-
cede. But did industry, agriculture, and commerce,
flourish in Peru, under Royal tyranny, with all its pro-
scriptions and monopoly ? Lima, it is true, was enriched,
but the country beside was, fur the greater part, a pathless
desert: sonic sugar, cotton, Peruvian wool, and bark,
were grown and exported ; but the roads were ahnost im-
passable ; they obstructed all the internal commerce of the
country, and the inhabitants were constantly dependent for
the very necessaries of existence on foreign supplies. The
manufactures of Peru were insignificant ; they consisted only
of a kw friezes worn by the Indians and Negroes; the ma-
nufacture of hats, cotton cloths, and drinking-glasses, was
too inconsiderable for notice. The mines were, when in
action, the great riches of l'eru ; these have latterly been
deserted from the want of means to work them. The in-
dependence of Peru, by removing all restrictions to its ma-
nufactures and commerce, and giving new energy to its
Government and people, would be the best stay of that
country. Even since the repeal by the Council of the In-
dies, under the Royal regime, of sonic of those despotic
impositions that formerly oppressed the province in the
time of the galleons, and the fairs of Porto Bello and Pa-
nama, and the arrival of a few merchant vessels from Cadiz
by Cape Horn, Peru was considerably benefited. But all
Pent must now soon be free. The triumphal entry of the
celebrated Bolivar into Lima on the Ist of September
annonaced in the Curti:lig-elm Gazette of the 25th ofOcto-
ber, and given in our columns. The Liberator of Colom-
bia was received with all the distinguished honours due to
his character, his disinterestedness, and his services to li-
berty. His presonce appears to have produced the most
enthusiastic joy in Lima. The tone of the South Amr•.e-
rican journal ill accords with the Madrid Gazette ; it
talks exultingly of Peruvian liberty The pride of
" the Peninsular Satraps (it says) will be humbled ; the
" spirit of their troops will be depressed, the moment they
" hear that the Liberator of Peru has reached this capital,
" to sustain our cause, and has promised not to sheath
" the sword so long as a single tyrant remains in Ame-
" ries." But the Madrid Gazette will interpret all this as
a warm demonstration in favour of the beloved Ferdinand,
just as it now asserts that the insurgents of Peru (as the con-
sistent Courier has often called them, for insurgents was the
favourite phrase of this paper) are a band of needy adven-
turers, "known at Lima under the name of Bolantuzos'—

PRICES OF BRITISH
Beek Stock 223
3 per Cent. Reduced, 871 i 881
3 per Ccut. Cowls. 87 86j 371
31 per Cent. 92i
4 per Cent. 1011 e
New 4 per CAW". 105 i
Long Annuities, 22 1.1
lesperiel 3 per Cwt.. ON
Beek for Account
Connote. for Acct. 881 1 1

PRICES OF FOREIGN
Austrian Scrip, 44 1 6 43, 6 pr.
Chilian Bonds, 764
Ditto for Account, 764 3 I
Colomb. Booth, 623 31 3
Do. for Account. 6.3
Danish Bonds, b per Ct. 943 f
Ditto Marts Banco, 893
Neapolitan Bonds, 804 79} }
Ditto for Account,
Portuguese Light Bonds, 874
Prussian Bone, NI 4 4 I
Ditto for Account, 914
Ditto Bonds (1622), 894
Ditto for Account , 1,3

;TOCKS YESTERDAY.
Spanish 5 per Ct. Coo.. 24 j
Ditto for Acct. 21014 j
Ditto 170 & 268
Ditto 85 Bonds,
Spankh A per Cents. (113• Z) 163
j 17 PR
Ditto for Account, 17 163
Ditto 1061. 54. Bonds,
Spanish Bonds (1820),
Ditto Exchange,
Mexican Minn, tlj j f 9 104 pr.
Dutch Bonds, 44 per Cent.
Ditto Exchange,
Fr. Roues 945. 25c.
Do. Ex. 23f. 55c.
Do. Scrip, 511 43 i j 3 F.

Russian Bonds. 89 I"
Dine for Acct. 89 1 1 I
Russian Metallic Stoat,

COURSE OF EXCHANGE YESTERDAY.
Amsterdam C. F. 12 3 1 Leghorn . . 46.
Ditto, at sight - 11 19 i 44 MOS . -43 i
Rotterdam - 12 4' Venite - . 27 30
Antwerp . - 12 6 ~Malta - - 43
kfamburgh . 37 7 . Naples . -38 i
Alton& - - 37 8 1 Palermo - 116
Faris, 3 days' sight 25 63 I I.i•hop -
Ditto - . 26 85 I Oporto .
Bainiesui - 23 8.51 Rio Janeiro
Rerßa - 710 Itahia
Frankfort-on-the-Main 16N Dublin
Petemburgh - 9 Cork
Vienna . - 10 14
Trieste - - 10 IS
Madrid .
4.:adis . . 731
Gilboa • - 35.,,
Barcelona - 35
. ;051

. 52
49
51

BULLION.
L. B. d.
Portugal Gold in can 0 0 0
Foreign Gold in bars 3 17 6
New Doubloons 0 0 0
New Dollars 0 4 91
Silver in bars 0 4 Ili

ll!brshar -

ilAl
AancvED-1 Holland and 1 1
3 Ham

ILS.
Flanders. DUE-I Lisbon and
'burgh.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
" C. D." shall appcat in out neat publication.

Eta aireoo.

rle BRITISH !lists commenced publiabing yesterday morn-
ing at litre o'clock.

LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 10, 1824.

Wednesday's French papers reached us last night.
From these it appears that the Spanish tyrant has at
length extended his wide-spread proscription, even to his
own family. The Infant Don Francis, Ferdinand's
brother, who was looked on as :the best of that imbecile
family, bus, it appears, been exiled •by the tyrant's
caprice to Naples. in consequence of some strong observa-
tions made by the Prim.: at an interview between him and
his brothers. Dun Francis probably remonstrated against
the insane despotism now trampling on Spain, as at once
the ruin of that unhappy country, and likely to drag down
ultimate destruction on his own lwatl and that of his entire
family; and the ,i,alous tyrant repaid his fraternal advice
by exile. It'orthy sucr•sser of the monster Philip ! who
imbrued his hands in the blood of the hapless Don
Carlos, his own son ! —Na amnesty had yet been pub-
lished,
though daily expected ; but the arrests still eon-
tinue in almost evety province, and the dungeons of
tyranny were crowded.

" a confederacy of lawyers ; who, having been expelled the
Degraded Spain, when she can no longer coerce her ii profession for their personal qualities, view themselves
emancipated Colonies by artued form, employs her wretched " in imagination already seated in a new Upper Chamber :
gazettes to pour out against them the language of falsehood ii several Canons and Curates (what, the Clergy, too, in-
and vituperation. This is the only warfare the tyrant, " surgents !), who, unworthy of the sacerdotal investi-
with his crew of monks and " serviles," can now maintain ri ture, and some of whom thinking themselves Am-
The war of arms has closed, and that of words has succeeded. ii broses, and others Augustins, love revolution, persuaded
The Madrid Gazelle of the 21th December contains a long " that it will obtain the episcopal mitre. The insurgents
and inflated article on the present state of Peru, which will Cl' of Peru," this tirade continues, " are Cochrane, Miller
be found in our columns. Peru is the only province t‘ Foster, Hamlet, and other foreign Don Quixottes. The
of her once vast dependencies where Spain now retains ‘i insurgents of Peru," this truth-loving journal concludes
even a shadow of authority ; and, therefore it is, the 31n- by saying, " are several Americans, unworthy of living
chid Jaffna' makes this eolitary province the subject of its ii under the mild and paternal laws of the iiing of Spain "
perverted declkmation, and with frail sophistry seeks to mil- Insensible colonists ! to forget all the benefits they formerly
represent the situation and feelings of that distant country. experienced under this dynasty, and the happiness the mild
" All those (this paper says), who have any statistical and paternal Ferdinand is now conferring on Spain ! The
knowledge of Peru, know, that six-eighths of its in-
ungrateful Peruvians, however, appear to think very dif-
" habitants are Indians; one-eighth slaves, or emancipated ferently. The account of the heroic Bolivar's landing
" slaves, and the remaining eighth Spaniards, divided into states, " that he was received by a commission of the So-
" Europeans and Creoles. The Indians being generally " vereign Congress, composed of six individuals from its
" employed in husbandry labour, the mines, and the me- 4i bosom, who, in felicitating him on his opportune
" chanical arts, are igetomnteof even the name of politics, u arrival,
congratulated also themselves and all the
" and those of duties, rights, citizens, congresses, popular
„Peruvian nation. lie was afterwards (it adds) as
elections, constitution, and independence, are equally un- " cotnpanied to table by the President of our &Tub_
" known to them. Neither do they understand the names " lic, the chief and principal authorities—and there,
" of the ('aciques, Intendants, and Vice-Boys, whom they
„amidst the general applause, nothing was heard
" lifindiet obey. There arc no subjects in the world who
" but repeated vows for the eternal alliance of the four
hear pronounced, and pronounce themselves,
with snore " sections of the Continent, gratitude towards the valiant
" respect, the name of their Legitimate Sovereigns, whom
" auxiliaries, admiration for the Hero of Colombia, love
" they call their Kin;, at the same time uncovering the
" for our Chief, and execration of our tyrants. Yes,"
" h.ad, bowing the oely, and making other extraordinary
this same paper adds, " now that the new Hercules has
demonstrations of respect." 'ibis is a precious expose of
" come to cut off the growing heads of the infernal Hydra
the titration of the unfortunate Indians. But the division of " of the despotism which has so long devastated this vast
the inhabitants of Peru is w.t such as the 2lfmtrid ar:elle
" hemisphere, it will disappear for ever from amongst us."
would make it. Cor.siderahly more than an eighth of the
This language is somewhat inconsistent with the sophistry
inhabitants are Europeans or Creoles ; but besides these, of the Madrid Gazette. Which shall we believe? We
and the native Americans, there is a fourth cast in Peru, are afraid that of Certhagena will be the most generally
Ilse offspring of both, called " Maesties'" who are most ' credited. The illustrious Bolivar, by a dec.rce of the Sove-
numerous in this province, and warmly attached to iude- reign Congress of Peru, dated the 10th September hit, has
pendeuce. The natives are a simple and an inoffensive been invested, it
appears,
with
supramicmilisatpind
political
race, who have lived for centuries under a most oppressive authority within the country, under the tides of Liberator
tyranny ; they arc scattered through the country in dis-
and Director, to terminate the struggle yet prevailing; and he
taut missions, directed by Spanish priests and tilt it 1.30- ; will soon do so : his energy and wisdom have both been most
verners. We have not to learn from the .11adrid Ga:_ytte
conspicuous already, and his mieleration is equal to either.
the debasing bondage in which this simple and oppressed . The next article of the Madrid Gazette will, we fancy, be
pen le have long been kept. On the conquest of Peru by !a mournful one. It may give a cantabile on the utter de-
Pizarro and his followers, the sword of extermination was 1 feat of Camerae, and the extinction of the " mild and
drawn against hs inhabitants, and the wretched remnant, ! paternal authority" of Ferdinand in Peres. If the an-
who at the close of centuries survived destruction to abide taunted expedition from Cadiz should sail, it will come
the slaveryof the minesantl the melancholy bondage to which just in time to be to o late. In fact, no effort of enfeebled
they were ceaselessly subject, were tyrannised over by the spa,
i whether by intrigue or open force, can ever
Mantles, and had to suffer every tort of misery and exec-
restore her former tyrannic ascendancy over any por-
tion. But, harmless and simple as the Peruvians are, lion of Southern America again. The day of her =-
they are not so destitute of knowledge or observation as premacy has passed—all that the enterprise of Columbus,
the Madrid Journalist would try tomake thetn. It is ridi- corns, Pizarro, and their successors, gave her in the"
culons to say they arc ignorant of " rights, duties, consti- New World, has vanished for ever from. her grasp—the'
tuticn," and "independence," or "that they do not under- mmil:lokt.st broken in tifigarohwel; litalerodrw;rh;hcaernnsceot 14
r%ll %ht.-
" stand the names of the Caciques, Intendants, and Vice-
rich possessions by any effort of her own; and any attempt
" rot's—whom they blindly obey!" 'The Peruvians arc not Iby Ranee or Russia, whether under her flag or their own,
so destitute of observation or feeling. On the contrary, they I will
1 --%
be
met
theby the united power of t;tileattßritaiin and'
contemplate, with the wannest anxiety, the
171P''et thin; comwentracanlples on 'm Europe towibe extendsu
erto the r'erawnill'orld,
. their personal independence. That the expressions, as where universal liberty is now diffusing its fostering in-
Paper mention', of "Val and the King," may have been' flue:ice, and, unchecked by the arm of foreign tyranny,
meether in their mouths, may be true. it has been the oh- ! must bring happiness and prosperity to the immense and
jr,t of their conquerors, for centuries, to call up the memory rising countries which have started into a new existence,
of their departed Incas, and intereas the hapless Peruvians after an oppressive bandage of ages.
with the same reaped for the mottarche ofdistant Spain, I .__ _ ..
that was once paid to " Atabaltpa" and his race. In I eru, I An Express arrived yesterday front Paris. dated on IVed-
as through all Southern America, superstition and tyri ... y new evening. Accounts had been received of the em-
went hand in hand together ; the purposes they had to ac- barkation of 1,900 men at Bred, I,oon for Cueilaloupe,
complish were the same, and their (Worts were combine() and sou for Martinique. Our Othenunent, it is said, were
fur the puepose. We know that a considerable pan of apprised of the embarkation. .