The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1804-11-08 00:00:00

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Although this conatiy seems thrown en: ,f the
political balance, it may enter it again, and cue
bring a very important weight into the sc.tie. It
will either be rescued by Russia, and a continental
war, from the bondage and contusion with which it
is overwhelmed, or it will again 'alarm
by a series of revolutions more or less, violent. In
this unavoidable alternative, to be acqu :inted %c id'
the orceent charaaer of Italy, the degree of its dis-
solution, the hopes and tears whirls it justifies, and
its relative situation, with the political state of the
other Continental Powers, is by no means a matter
of indifference. Of all parts of Europe, this is per-
[imps the most imperfealy known to a foreigner, in
seeped to its wretchedness, its spirit, and the tin-
s:4)ll=on causes that prolong its dreadful oppression
teed horrible anarchy. The French Government,
having exhausted upon it the fertility of their extor-
tions, of their cheats, and of their rage, hold it in
some sot tby a secret title. They have made them-
selves masters of its communication, and reserve
themselves to be the periodical historians of them.
We know nothing of the existence of those desolated
countries, but the frequent eruptions of a pitiless
tyranny and an impotent despair. This is the sum-
mary of the prosperity which Franco has showered
upon them, and of the parental beneficence with
which Bass•r ART e governs them fur the advance-
int nt of liberty and philn•vphy.
The deplorable condition to which the King of
SARDINIA has been reduced is well known, but,
with the misery of his former subjeas in Piedmont,
most other states are unacquointed. The unshaken
and general allegiance lithe P;elmontese to their
lawful King, is equal to their horror of the French
intruders. The whole country is, therefore, under
martial law, and tyrannised over by the imbecile but
cruel satrap, A BOA LI. A MENOU, whom 800 • P ARSE
has sent there, empowered aad on purpose to riostise
the people for their loyalty. The House of SAVOY
has never, from its origin, been betrayed by a faith-
less servant; and its chief, though absent, is under
the necessity of restrain:ng the unavailing insurrec-
tion of the people, who are exasperated by the
provocations, the debauches, the despostic arrogance,
and the robberies of the French. In short, although
invaded, broken, and cast among rocks, Pied-
mont contains many brave men, ready to join any
army offering to restore its former Sovereign ; and
) if a war btraks out, the French must either keep
tine numerous troops, or it will be lost to them
• for ever.
We hear, at times, and in all countries, persons I,
admiring the great abilities of a —0 At•RTE. TACO
are many who, while they detest his politic:, are it:-
dived to ascribe the secret of his operations and suc-
cesses to the depth of his understanding„ and the
fertility of his talents. To undeceive his dupes, we
need only open the history of Italy for the eight last
years. No empire ever offered a conqueror more
means to preserve it ; no where could a moderate
revolution meet more materials ; no ether state fur-
nished so many springs of stability to the work of
an intelligent reformer, who had once, by conquest,
made himself master of the governments and the peo-
ple. But if any thing demonstrates the incompatib pity
of the Corsican's extravagance, with every fixed and
regular establishment, the presumptuous folly of the
innovators, and the triumph of low and unbridled
passions over the meanest political understanding, it
is the conduft of BC't4 Atiotre towards Italy. No-
thing can be more confined than this Usurper's mat-
tial ordinances, modestly called constitutions; no-
thing can be less analogous to the civil, political, and
physical state of the county!, than these forced ag-
gregates of heterogeneous bodies ; those republican
edifices, put together without cement, and without
taste or genius. Instead of executing the more rea-
sonable plan, foemerly conceived by Rteuar, of
sending the foreigners out of Italy, of attending to
the distinetions and iespeßive independence of the
several governments, and of uniting them by a
iederal system ; the revolutionary chyrnist, BON A.
r seer, has thrown seven or eight millions of men,
ef very different temperaments, into his crucible, to
make them, in spite of themselves aid of nature,
groups cf anarcoists united by provisional regula-
tions, while they are divided by manners, habits,
and interests. A monarchical form of government
may allow of suds mixtures, but a republic cannot
a ;mit it ; because, in the latter, the principle of
unity is already so weak, that it becomes anni-
i Jiiiated by ex ending the circle of its anion;
and because, without a conformity of charafhera, of
wants, and of ancient customs, a republic would
I Ural* be any thing mre than a hot-bed of disor-
ders and of revolutions. To place the power of the
peoF:c in that of their representatives, their ear
auk" and their presidents, is to change the were,
and the thing powers of anarchy, bat it is not to
prevcot it. Thus, while BONA AAAAA TALI EV.
SAM), S; EY es, and other constisoor-- -

:Lrs. amuse

themselves in talking to us of great republ;cs, eet and
ijdica 4/c+ taptritnze. judgment, azd the stud;- of

our fellow-creaturer, teach us Mat suet societies ate
inipratlicable. But these remailts become unsea-
sonable, for no one will vispea 805..,r RT E, or the
11,‘rIc of his proconsuls delegated in Italy, to have
deacd upon questions of this nature. It is the
bust system of oppression, and 1141 of lawn, which
they nicat,t to give to their ultramoutane brethren.
Suiely the fine model of the French Republic, one
and indirigible, was equally applicable to the other
side of the Alps; and if, as IS::14 ArA art pretends,
there he a ri;otroxs propriety of uniting thirty-two
millions of sten, under the same Government, there

is certainly an impropriety in governing ten or
twelve millions by four distinct sovereignties. We
must look for the principle of this inconsistency la
distrust. BONA r ARTE is afraid of an union among
nations, whom it was his wish to keep under, to
pillage, and to metamorphose, without the trouble
of being on his guard. Their division constitutes
their weakness; France can do every thing against
them, and they can do nothing against France.
But this precarious and temporary security will
vanish as speedily as the rotten foundation on which
it stands, whenever an interior incident shall hap-
Nn to unite the resentments of the inhabitants of
the revolutionary kingdom of Tuscany, and of tile
revolutionary republic of Italy, of Liguria, and cf
Lucca. BONA r A ESL has, therefore, not only failed
in his revolution of Italy, by the instability, the ab-
surd system, and the violence with which he has
inthr.dled it ; he has, moreover, exposed the exist.
er.ce of it, suffered t:/r ,f,!, to be lost, and perpe-
tuated troubles, by giving up its northern part,
Venice, to the Ea eraor., and its south-eastera
vicinity, the Seven Islands, to the protenion of Rus-
sia and Forkey. In this foreign focus, the regrets,
the wishes, the hopes of this desponding country all
meet. Certainly BON A PARTE is laying by to ex-
tinguish the flame, and at the first favourable mo-
ment, to retake states, the ,independence and ruins
of which he has sold to his foes, whom he almost
compelled to purchase them. Certainly his work in
Italy is not done, and he considers this temporary
otgamiseSion of his conquests, as a provisional pas-
time. When. he has made away with the Pore,
the Emperor of GERIIIANY, and the King of Na.
PI. ES, who still leave a void is his usurpation, he
will a third time fashion Italy, and torture it in a
Lew mould. Till that event, his condua will have
been nothing but a compound of cruelty, of ava-
rice, and of folly. By his plan of vanquishing to
plunder and found dominion upon violence ; and
by completing the misfortunes of Italy, he has ex-
hausted the means of alienating it, of ruining it,
and of deriving the political advantages from it,
hich a less ferocious and more enlightened conque-
ror would not have misapplied.
Such is the real and relative situation of Italy,
where the French invaders arc equally detested by
the subjects of Naples as by those of Piedmont, by
the eitizins of Lombardy as by those of Genoa, by
the inhabitants of the Ecclesiastical territory as by
those of Tuscany, all looking for an opportu;.ity of
a new war, to rise and crush their barbarous tyrants.
Should a British subject exist, whom experience
has hitherto failed to undeceive, who could yet
cherish an idea of throwing his country into a state
of revolution at the incitement, and with the assist-
ance of BowAAARrt and his slaves, let him visit
and contemplate the picture of Italy. There let
him interrogate the chief partisans, the promoters,
nay, the very placemen of his revolutionary or re.
publican system—Let him consult the learned and
the unlearned, the nobleman and the peasant, the
fiery and the frigid, the executioner and the va9'm,
be will bear nothing hut regret, repentance, and la-
mentation ; thanks to the ',Mint/ern* system of
regeneration of the conquering hero Iklaeoxaori
Boss . ! !

THE BRITISH PRESS,

LONDON,
THURSDAY, Noviva Bar

A private letter, received. by the last Gottenburgh
Mai*, states, that it was a Frenchman of the ::acre
11 Leer, an =live member of Box 44444 c's secret
pc;ice, who had arrived there es a (varier, with the
recal of the French Comme:cial Agent ; but whose
real objea was to as as a spy upon the Boy Minis,
and to entleovom to find ont the cum of the inter-
view between Ilis Mosul. the King of Fsa\cc,
and his Royal Brother, Mortsict a. lie was sent
from Treves on the Bth of (Moller, the day on
which the Corsican Usurper was informed of Mew-
s:MlA departure from England. and he arrived at
Gouenburgh on the COth 14s:towing t and, though
be had executed his commission, he continued there,
modes pretence of illness, on the 26th. when Mot:-
slit a sailed. lie was, however, watched by orders
of the Swedish Governor, C••est ors, and no
Swedish subjea was permitted to hold any convey-
sat•un with him. They rtjo:ce, every where in
Sweden, at ihe coral of Box AAAAA Commercial

Agents. Since the war broke out, eot a tiner
Frtar.'i si.ip has visited the ports of the. kinglurn.
These men, therefore, instead of proteEting the
commerce of France, employed their time in in-
trigues to embroil the p 'Mies of Sweden.

It was rep.ntesi I.ht.night in the city,ithat inform-
ation had been received of an embargo having
been lail upon ail the Spanish Ports. The cause of
this measure was not exaaly known, but supposed
to be either in conseq tci%ce of the capture of tiv.?
Spanish frigates, by our cruisers, or to rrevcnt the
communication of the infe,llious dltedte, oats' raging
in so many parts of Spain.

Stocks eaperitnced a considerable rise yesterday.
Th.:3 per cents rose to 581, the Reduced to 37i. and
the Omnium, to Al. 9 premium. Various causes
have been assigned for this favourable change in the
Funds. Among the most probable, we consider
the prorogation of Parliament untilthe 9d of Jan.
and the consequent prozrastination of any loan for
public service until next year. The purchases of stock
by the Commissioners for the redemption of the
national debt may have also contributed to produce
this effe& In the three first quarters of the year,
they purchase easily of stock a fixed sum, leaving
the surplus, and what arises from holidays, when
no purchase can be made, to accumulate. The
whole of this surplus they lay out in the last quarter
of the year, in addition to the daily amount ; and
they are now buying up about 84,0001. stock per
day. or about one million in three weeks. No fo-
reign intelligence has been received within these
two days past ; and, therefore, we are obliged to
attribute this improvement of the funds to internal