Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-12-21 00:00:00

TOE FILIBUSTERING EXPEDITIONS.

It is one of th- first and highest duties of any independent-State,
in its relations with the members of tll3 great family of nations, to
reitra n its people from acts of booth., aggression against their
citize ,s or subjects. The most eminent writers on public law do not
hesitate to denounce such hosti e was as robbery and murder.
Weak and feet le Stares, like those of Centel America, may rat feel
thecesolves ablo to assert and vindicate their rights. Tee ca would
be far different if expeditions were set on foot within our 'own
territories to make nrivate war against a powerfut,nation, If such
expeditions were fitted out from abrAtd against aIY portion of our
own corer try, to burn down our c ties, mnr ter and plunder our people,
and usurp our government, we should call any power on earth to
the strictest account for not preventing such enormities.
Ever since the administration of General Washington acts of
Congr, s, have b, en in for, e to wash .severely the crime of setting
on foot a military expeditioa within the limits of the United States to
proceed from thence against a nition 'or stare with whom we are at
peace. Tho present neutrality act of April 20, 1818, is but little more
than a coil -.aim of p- 0- existing laws. Under this act the President
is empowered to employ .he land and nava fo.ces and the militia
" for the purpose o preventing the carrying on of any such expe-
dition or ent, rprise from the territories en t jurisdiction of the United
States," an i the collectors of 'customs are authorised and required to
det,in any vessel in port when there is to reason to believe she is
about to take part in such lawless enterprises.
When it was first rendered probable that an attempt would be made
to get np another unlawful expedition against Nicaragua. the Secre-
tary of State issued instructions to the m r.hals and district attorneys,
which were di e.hd by the' Secretaries of War and the Navy to the
appropriate army and n• vy officers, requ ring t em t 3 be 'Vigilant, and
to use their best orations in carryiag into effect the i rov:stme of the
act of 1818. Notwithstanding these precautions, the expedition has
escaped from cur snores. Such enterprises c do no possible good to
the country, but have already inflicted much injury both on its interests
and its character. They have prevented lieace ni emigration from
the United States to t:e States of Cen ral Arne, Ica, wh e 5 could not
ad to prove highly beneficial to all the parties concerned. In a
pecuniary point:ot view alone, eur citizens have sustained heavy
losses from the reizure and closing of th r transit route by the San
Juan between the two oceans.

The leader of the recent expedition was [arrested at New Crleans,
but was iselargt don giving bail for his appearance in the insufficient
sum of 2,00) dollars.

I commend th whole E übj eat to the f erious attention of Congress,
believi, gth tour duty and our interest, as well as our national
clpoacte , require that we thou'd adopt such measures as will be
effectual in restraining our citizens from committing such outrages.

THE TREATY WITH PARAGUAY—SATISFACTION TO BB
DEMANDED.
I regret to inftrm you that the President of Paraguay has refused
to ratify th, treaty between the United States and that State as
amend sd by the Senate, the t ignature of welch was mentioned in the
message of my predecessor to Congress at the opening of its Session UTAH TERRITORY—THE 'lOlOll3/ WAR.
in December, 1833 The;reasent assigned for this refusal will appear A territorial government was established for Utah by act of Con-
.
lathe corropendente herewith submitted. grass approved the 9th of September, 1/359, and the constitution and
It being desirable to ascertain the fitness of the river La PL-ta and laws of the United States were thereby extended over it "so far as
its tributaries for narig.t en by steam, the United states steamer the same, or any provisions thereof, may be applicable. This act
Water Wi cii was sent thither for that t urpose in 1853. This enter- py ,vided fst. the aprointrnent by the President, by ant with the
p.ists was success-tiny carried on u:.til Feruary,' 1a55, whoa, whilst I adv es t.nd consent of the Senate, of a inv. rnor, who was to he ex-
in the pe ,ceful prosecution of her voyage 'up toe Parana river, the cfficio Supe,intendent,of Indian Affairs. a Sozretary, three Judges of
stramar was fired upon by a Paraguayan f.rt- fhe fire was returned, the Supreme Court, a Mai abet, and a District Attorney. Subsequent
bet as the Water bi itch was of small force, anti no: designed fcr offer,- acts provided for the appointment of the offl-tars necessary to extend
sire operatic, s, she retired !rem the conflict. • The pretext upon which i our land and our Indian system Mr the te. &tarp. Brigham Young
tee stack was made viag a decree of the Prestd, nt of Paraguay. pf I was appointed the first governor on the slab Sept., 1553, and has held
Oc rib r, 1851, prohibiting foreign NelEela of war from navigating the the; office ever since. Whilst Gcvernor Young has bear, bothGarerror
rivers of that State. As Paraguay, however, was the owner of-but and Sure. in nteent of Indian Affairs throughout this period, he has
ore bank of the river o° that name, tne other belonging to Corriente been at the ame time the head of the church railed the Latter Day
state of the Argentine Conf&eratian, the r ght of its government to Saints, and professes to govern its members and dispose of their
expect that such dwrecwonld be obeyed cannot be tv.knowledgel. property try di ect inspiration and authority from the Almighty,. His
But the Wat4r Witch was not, properly speaking, aye .sel of war. She power lies been, the efore, uhio etc in Church and State.
4faiLlC small' stea ner enghget Is a scientific enterprise intended for the The peseta of Utah a'mast exclusively belong to this church, and
"advantage oomme, 610. states generally, Ur. der these circumstances, i believing with a fanatical spirit that he is Go ..ernar of the Territory
lam caus!rained to consider the attack upon her as unjustifiable, and by Divine ap.,Ointuont, they o'.,ey his commands as if they were
es ceiling for satisfactioa il:am the Parakaayan gove:nm n'. direct re rlations from Heaven. If, therefore, he choses that his
Citizens of the United States, also, who wore established in business - government shall come 'into cohlis'on with the g.:verzatuent of the
ABROGLTI al OF Tit 3 CLAYTON•BtILM TREATY RECOIOIMBD lin Paraguay, have had their property seised and taken from tkem,anri United States, the members of the Mormon church will yield implicit
the fact is that when two nations like Great BritiOn and the have otherwise been treated tby the anthotitles in an lase ting and • obedience to his w,ll. Unfortunately, existing facts leave but little
United States, mutually desirous, as thee are, and I trust ever may arbitrary manner, which requires redress, doubt, that such is his datermlnation. W thout entering upon a
he. of maintaining the most friendly felstl'os with each other, have A demand for these purposes wit be made in a firm but conciliatory ruinate history of occurrences, it is sufficient to say that all the
unfortunately concluded a treaty which they Unslerstuni in senses spirit. This wall the mere prgbahly be granted if the Meagre 812/11, Officers oftl•Q United noes, Ittdictet And liiiteutiee, with the State

This proposition was, of course. rejected. A:ter the Senat3 rafitsed
0 recognise the British convent'ol with H .ndaras of the 27th Aug,
1556, with full knowledge of its contents it was i'rp3ssible for me,
necessarily ignorant of "the provisions and conditionsl which migh%
be containei in a future conyptionpetWeen the same parties, to
sanction them in advance.

territory and there no longer
exception of two Indian agents, hi:ve
found it neces.ary for their own
personal Beet), to withdraw (.nom the ."rrt
rents ns any government in Utah but . the despotism of Brizhaus
Young. I his being the condition' of off,i, in the territ :ry, I could
not mistake the path of duty. As chief exect2.49e magisf ate, I was
bound to resto •0 the supremacy of the constitutOn and laws wi h n
its limits. In order to rffe• t this purpose, I appoints `new gore r or
and other federal officers in Utah, and vent with them a u:si-litsrY force
for V.eir rotection, and to aid as a rase cOntitafus, in case of need,
in the execution cf • he la-es.
With the religious opinions of the Mormons, as long as the!'
remained mare opnlorls however deplorab a in themselves and revolt-
' in to the moral and religious aentim-nts of all christend m, I hid
no right to istetfera. Actions alone, when in violation o the con-
siitutiin and laws of the tinted t taloa, became the I -gitimate subjects
f,r the j ttrisdiction of he ci v:1 ma aist rate. 34 y instructions to Governor
Cumming hare thefefo'e been tramed in strict =cordon:6 1,1 h these
prizrciples. At their data a I ope eras indulged that no necessity might,
exist ior employing the milita y in restoring and maintaloing the
*Mho-My of ihe law; hut this hope kas now vantsbed. Governor
Young has, by proclamation, declared kis determinuti pi to maintain
his power by force, and fits already committed acts of hostility against
the United Stales. Unless he'shonld retrace his steps, the Territory
of Utah will be in a state of open rebellion. Ho has eorrnitt-d there
acts of open hostility, notwithstanding Major 'f an Viler, au officer of
the army, sent to Utah by the commanding General tit purchase
provisions fair the troops. had given him the strongest stow:trances of
the peacefa! Intentions of Vie government. and teat the troops would
only be employed as a posse e)rnifaftts when called on by the civil
authority to aid in the execution of the laws.

There is no meson to believe that Gov. Young has long con'em-
plated this result. Ile knowi that the continuance of his despotic
power depends upon the exclusion of ell settlers f-om the territor:
except those who wit acknowledge hie divine mission, and implicitly
obey his will ; and that an enlightenel public opielen there, wcnid
soon prostrate institutions ct wsr with tht'laws. both of God and man.
He has therefore for several years, in order to meintien his i depen-
dence, been industricnnly employed in collecting and fabricating arms
and munitions of war,-and in ei-ciplinistr the Mormon- for milt try
■,rvice. As superinten fent of Indian sfflite he h s had an epp
Vanity of tampering with he Indian trfees, mad exeltine their hostift
feelings against the United States. This: a carding to our inf sees-
tien, he has accomelishei in regard to come of these tribes. while
others have remained true to their al:cgiance, and have commun'cated
his intrignes to our Ind an agents. He has Paid in a store of
Provieion.i for three years, which in cone of esecessi v, as he inf rmed
Major Van Vliet, he will conceal, " and then tike to the mountains, .
end bid defiance to all the powers of tee ov:irnment."
g eat part of all this in,y Le idle basting; but yet no wise
government will lightly estimate the efforts which may be in-pired by
such phrensied fanaticism as exists among the Mormons in Utah
This is the first robe, ion which has existed ee cur rriteries ; and
humanity itself requires that we choral I put it down in such a mann: r
that it sha Ibe the last. To trifle with it would be to encourege it and
to render it formidaele We ought to go there w th-such an imi owing
force as to cinv,.n-e thes3 "eluded people that resistance eoeld be
vain, and thus spare the effusion of blood. We can in t ,is mann-r
best convince !hem that w' re their friends, not their enem-es In
order to accemplish this obj3ct it will be necessary, according to the
e4imate of the ••var Department, to raise four additional regiments;
and ibis I earnestly recommend to Congress. At the present moment
of depression in the revenues of the coentry I am sorry to be obliged
to recommend such a measure; but I feel confident of the support of
Congress,_ test what it may, in suppressing the insurrection and in
restoring and maintei iing the sovereignty of the constitutioa and laws
in the 1 erritory of Utah.