The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-09-24 00:00:00

HA! MARKET THEATRE.

Tbta Evening. SATURDAY, September 24, will be performed
THE T%%0 PAGES OF FREDERICK THE G ttFAT.
Frederick the Great, Mr. W. Farren ; Theodore; Madame Vestrie;

Augustus, Miss P. Glover. Phelps, Mil. Gibbs.
After vrbleh,
PAUL PRY.
The Principal ammeters by Messrs.W. Ferran and (Aston; Mesdames
Glover and Wavlett s end Madame VeStrts.
'l'uwurudeaith FAMILY JARS.

Ita3pl;idr.d;t7M.
•
ENGLISH OPERA HOUSE.
Mid inning, 5.% TU RDA Vt Sept. 14, will be performed
MIA AND y.mco._

kikle. Mr. Cooper; Trudge. Mr. Mathews; Tule°, M [ell):
Wowskl, Min Paton.

After whirl).
THE HOMMILIG-HOUSE: or, FIVE HOFRI AT EHIGHTOX.
Peter Fidget, Mr. Machete.

ThD Bayr is n Passe committed publishing yesterday morning
et five o'clock.

- - -----
LONDON, IS AT UttikereVnelliars- 64. 18¢3.
The needs Papers which arrived last night are wholly
barren of political intelligence. The following are ex-
tracts :

[From the Doile, dated Thursday.l

PARIS. SEPT. 21.

Mr. J. Goff, a Captain in his Britannic Majesty's service, who
committed suicide last Monday at the Hotel de Richelieu, in
which he occupied•an apartment at 400 francs per month, was only
33 years of age. Ha was indebted to his landlord 2,457 francs.
There were found in his room lottery tickets torn to pieces, and two
sealed letters, addressed to his father and brother. He had dis-
charged two pistols at his head. One of his countrymen has ge-
nerously undertaken to pay all his debts.
The Court of Anises at Rouen is now engaged in the affair re-
'stirs to the events (combination and riot of workmen) which
took place on the 6th and Bth Aug. in the commune of Houlme.
In its sitting of the Bth Sept. the Academy of Medicine re-
ceived from the Minister of the Interior a communication of great
Importance, as it points out a serious defect in medicinal education.
Dr. Dariste, who has long practised medicine in the Antilles, has
had occasion to remark that, death by poison increases there in a
most alarming manner, while the tribunals are in general unable to
prove them for want of physicians qualified to decide in such cases.
This want of knowledge in members of the profession is the more
lamentable as, in most cases, it favours to Impunity of crime, and
may sometimes cause the condemnation of innocent persons. AI.
Dariste therefore conceived the idea of sending physicians pos-
sessed of proper knowledge, and at his instigation Messrs.
Orifala, Caventou, Pelletan, and Pelletier have addressed
to the Minister of the Interior a letter, an whidt, after
stating what they have learned from Dr. Datiste, they say that
France cannot supply the wants of the Colonies, because it pos.
seem so few men versed in Toxicology and Forensic Medicine.
The only thing that can be done at present would be to found a
special school of legal Toxicology, In which some pupils, from
whom previous knowledge should he required, might study for two
or three years, to be afterwards employed in the Colonies or at.
tached to the Royal Tribunals in the Departments. Two Pro-
fessors and a Preparer would suffice for this school, and a down
pupils might be admitted annually.

The Academy bas not come to any decision.
FRZYCn FVXO4.....PAUIN SIPT• 21-41va Pet CMIIM,
jouiss. du Sept. 22, 99f. 55r. t Three pat Cents. 71f. 55c. ; Bank
IStock 2,152 f. 50c.$ Rents de blayolas, cartif, Falconnet. ilGf. tloc. ;
Rana d'rApagde 1178 t Royal BPartill/ kw); 1823, leg ta.
change on London—One month, 251. 12a. ; three months, 451:._
Corry thitheatiquoa.

Last night we received the Brussels papers of Wednes-
day. The only paragraph of commercial interest is the
following

BIIESSELII, SEPT. 17.

We aro happy to learn from the Courier de Gard, that our fine
linens continue to be in very great demand. They were sold at
very high prices at the last markets of Ghent, Abet, and Gram-
mont. It is very long since they have met with such a good sale
at this time of the year. By the accounts which are received, it
seems that they are purchased by French traders to be sent to
llayti. Thus we have reason to hope that, notwithstanding the
enormous dudes Imposed on our linen at the French frontiers, our
weavers will be able to employ themselves to advantage this winter.

Last night we received Frankfort Papers to
.the 16th
Instant. The only article of interest they contain is dated
from Constantinople. The writer talks very confidently of
" the speedy termination of the Greek insurrection," and
draws a deplorable picture of the state of wretchedness
and destitution to which the Patriots arc reduced. Accord-
ing to this article, the only thing that prevents the utter
and immediate subjugation of the Greeks is the active and
decisive part latterly taken by the English in their behalf.
The cause assigned for this interference is the desire of
the British Government to obtain possession of some for-
tresses by way of security for the loan advanced by its
subjects to the Greeks. Vo believe it will turn out that
the fact is just as true as the cause here assigned tor it Is
probable.

We lay before our readers to-day, from several sources,
a great deal of additional intelligence from South Ame-
rica. Our advices from Bogota are dated the tOth of July,
and from Lima the Ist of May. The Deputies were ar-
riving to the general Congress of the new American States
.sit Panwi• Three Representatives from Peru had ar-
rived; their names are not mentioierntrr. ACA'MAx
been deputed from Mexico, and Mom NA from Guatemala.'
During the absence of the Colombian Deputies, Mr.
RAVENOA will, ad interim, fill the office of Minister of
Finance ; and Reset ro will hold the portfolio of Foreign
Affairs. The proceedings of this Congress are the object
of anxious attention. It is probable that the dispute be-
tween Brazil and Buenos Ayres will be discussed there,
and some general resolution adopted on behalf of the allied
Republics.

The Colombian papers contain some despatches from
General Scent:, which have ceased to be of importance
since we had information of OLANETA'S defeat from
Buenos Ayres. The correspondence between the Papal
Court and the Colombian Envoy will be perused with con-
siderable interest. The Spanish Government is evidently
in high favour at Rome, at least as compared with the
new Republic, on which the POPE seems to have looked,
with indifference, if not with hostility, until the course of
events made it necessary to adopt a more favourable policy
towards the Colombians. Their Envoy had actually re-
ceived orders to depart from the Papal states ; but as things
have happened, the Cardinal Secretary of State declares the
order to have been a forgery, and that both the POPE and
he himself were equally surprised to hear that such an
order had been issued ! The Colombians believe, or pre-'
tend to believe, that this order was forged by the Spanish
Embassy. We have no doubt it was perfectly genuine,
but circumstances have since rendered it expedient to dis-
avow the act. We are glad, however, to observe, that

the Colombians have not forgotten the " Pastoral Letters
of his HouvEss, exciting the people of America to the
violation of their oaths, and to anarchy."
The Decree of the Dictator of Paraguay, for the sup-
pression of all convents and houses of religious orders, is a'
document, indicative of the prompt and decisive character
of its author. With all his prejudices against foreign
in-
tercourse, FIIAN ci A does not appear ignorant of the art of,
promoting the welfare of his people, or apprehensive of dir-
tying into execution any measure he judges conducive to
that end.

The Secretary to the &newsy-airs' Uxtox has at
length published the letter presented by the Deputation,
Mr. N. G. CLARK and Mr. Joni.; PURDY, to the ship-
builders of the port of London, together with their
answer. He gives both documents to the public, appa-
lrently with the greatest confidence that the verdict will be
in favour of the shipwrights. This is not unnatural.
Every party is easily persuaded that it has justice and rea-
son entirely on its own side ; but the disinterested looker-
on very often arrives at another and a different conclusion,
and, without wishing to prejudge the points at issue, we ap-
prehend this will be the case with the more reflective part
of the public in the present instance.
The following is the letter delivered to the meeting :--
" April 6, 1825.

" Gentlemen,—You are fully aware that a system of prices has
been drawn up by a Committee of shipwrights, appointed for that
purpose, a :ew copies of which have been printed and examined
by nearly every shipwright in the River Thames, who have ordered
certain alterations to be made ; but before the work is finally
printed, we respectfully solicit an answer to the following ques-
tions :

" Ist. NVill the shipbuilders of the poet of London condescend to
catmints our prics.book collectively as a body ?
2d. If it should be considered necessary that alterations should'
be made, will the shipbuilders condescend to admit a deputation of
shipwrights to arrange the different prices with them ?
" Gentlemen—lt is not the wish or intention of rho operative
shipwrights to enforce any measure inimical to the interest of their
employers; our only wish is, that some regulation should be
adopted that will prove mutually agreeable to all parties.
" We are, Gentlemen, with the greatest respect, your obedient
servants, " N. G. CLARY.

" JonN PURDY."

The following answer was returned, viz.—

" The ship-builders of the port of London, in reply to the cam-
munications of Messrs. N. Clark and .1. Purdy, can only refer
them to the Circular of the 7th of March last, in which they will
perceive that • the shipbuilders are determined to hold no commu-
nication, either as to the price or otherwise, with the shipwrights
in their collective capacity.
" By order of the shipbuilders,
" WILLI4III 11 inrolt, Sec.
" London Tavern, April 6, 1825."

There is certainly a temperate and submissive tone in the
letter of Messrs. CLAIN. and PURDY, which conveys—as it
was no doubt expressly intended to convey—an impression of
the very moderate and reasonable demands of the Union, and
the consequent injustice on the part of the shipbuilders in
refusing claims urged with so much apparent justice and
forbearance. But an outward humility of this kind costs
nothing, and will therefore be of no weight in deciding on
the merits of the case. At first sight, and upon a mere
off-hand judgment, there may appear to be no good reason
why the shipbuilders, in their collective capacity, should
refuse to meet the shipwrights in their collective capacity,
But a very little reflection will discover to us that the two
bodies are quite differently constituted; the master°, as a
body, are not actuated—nor can they be—by the same
singleness of interest as the workmen whom they employ.
A thousand shipwrights may easily combine, because they
have but one object—to fir the rate of wages at which their
labour shall be paid. When that point is adjusted all is
settled, and their deputation have no other concern than to
procure the terms to be accepted. The. whole body of
viorkmen have one cone mow intent.t, and can therefore readily
enough agree to any regulations to be framed for their com-
mon benefit. But it is necessarily quite otherwise with
their employers, when called into confer.ence with them as a
combined power. Some may have Alen on hand to an im-
mense extent, which must be sr plied by a given time;
others have undertakings which t...y inist execute immedi-
ately, or their entire ruin may be the consequence of their
failure. The merchants abroad, likewise, from whom their
orders are received, may be involved irretrievably. Thus some
may be in a condition to stand out against demands which
they deem extortionate on the part of their workmen, while
others may be forced, by the urgency of circumstances, to
comply with these demands, however exorbitant ; they may
have other interests at stake beside their own, which constrain
them to yield, and to yield too, for the time, at almost any
sacrifice. It would, in fact, be a waste of reasoning to prove
that the shipbuilders, in the case before us, although they
may make common cause in resisting the combination
of the shipwrights, cannot act in a conventional capacity with
the same unanimity or under the guidance of the same com-
mon interest. It is therefore from the pure dictates of reason
and expediency that they determine "to hold no communica-
tion, either as to prices or otherwise, with the shipwrights, in
their collective capacity." They are not themselves in a si-
tuation to have any rules presented to them as a body, and
they are well justified in not placing themselves in subjec-
tion to the will of the workmen en masse. It ought to be
left to every proprietor to make terms with his own men,
and for the men, in their turn, each respectively.to make
terms with their own employers. If the workman require
higher wages than one proprietor will consent to pay, let
him, if he will, carry his labour to any other from whom
he can obtain employment upon better terms. Neither the
Committee, when they recommended the repeal of the
Combination laws—nor Parliament, when it repealed
them—ever meant to do more than not to prohibit the
workmen, however inenterova, belmiiping alsycommariaster,

from meetin, to regulate their wages; it never meant
to authorise the whole numerical body of workmen in any
one trade to combine against the great body of the mane-
.facturers in that trade, and thus to force them, at the peril
of their utter ruin, to employ the confederates on their
own teems. It is most important that we should not con-
found the one sort of combination with the other. Its the
latter, the masters, as a body, are not free to deliberate ;
their contest is with physical strength; they are not in a
capacity to treat; they have only to submit. This is a
state of things under which the trade cannot much longer
exist. If the present system of combination is to last,
Heaven protect the country from the consequences to
which it is preparatory!

CITY, FIIITAY EVEXIXO.
Tho suspense that still hangs over the minds of specula-
tors as to a dissolution of Parliament was probably a strong
predisposing cause to the prevention of businesi on the,
Stock Exchanges. That, or some other cause, meat cer-
tainly operated to make this a very dull day there. Thel
few bargains that were done in Consols were at BSi t.
Exchequer Bills improved to 4s. .ss. premium. 1
The Foreign Market was equally dull, and (if we
except sonic heavy sales in Spanish Securities) equally
without business. The reason assigned for the sudden
and severe depression of Spanish Bonds was, that a Lean
had been contracted for in Paris on account of the Spanish
Government, one of the conditions of which was, that the
Bonds should not be recognised. We have, however,

been favoured wit► the perusal of a letter received lave
last night from a highly respectable house of business In
Paris, that states the report to be wholly groundless. The
Ohl Bonds, at one title to-day, went down to 17; they
afterwards were done at ISI, and closed at 171 18. The
New were 131 14. South American Securities were et-
tremely languid. Colombian Bonds 75! 0; Mexican
Scrip 10 discount ; and the Guatemala ditto 31 3 discount
Brasil* Scrip was sl discpunt ; and Danish ditto 61 6
discount.

. The quotations in Shares had no business attached to
them, and therefore it is not necessary to notice them

The Colonial Market was exceedingly firm, and a fair
business doing in it.
There were reports in Mark-lane that the harvest in
Scotland had been injured by the (lamp hot weather. The
consequence was, Wheat did not give way in price, to-day.
Oats and Barley maintained the last quotations, because
the supplies were scanty.
We are happy to hear that the manufacturers of Cotton.
at Manchester, are now fully employed, and all the mills
at work. We have also heard—which we trust may be
true, that the Bradford disputes are assuming a less serious
aspect. _

'The Exchanges all came better this afternoon, and the
consequence was, that Consols bargains were done in the
Alley, after Cite Stock Exchanges closed, at 881 buyers.

The Camden, Jamaica packet, arrived yesterday, bring.
ing letters to the 9th August, but they are avhotty `Without
public interest. The newspapers are to the 6th August.
They state the crops to be very deficient, and the appear-
ance for next season unfavourable.

On the 19th inst. their Mijesties the King of the Ne-
therlands and the King of Prussia, the Queen of the Ne-
therlands, and their Royal Highnesses the Dukes and
Duchesses of Clarence and Cumber/and, the Princes and
Princesses of Prussia and the Netherlands, left Briaels
on a visit to Antwerp, for the purpose of examining the
I great basins and public works of that city. On the 20th
the Royal party visited the field of Waterloo.—lt is
remarked, that the Pruisian Generals, Blucher and Bulow,
whose manoeuvres completed the triumph of the great
day of the 18th of June, have been already carried off by
death. Napoleon has terminated his carter at St. Helena;
so that of all the Generals-in-Chief who commanded 'on
that day, the Duke of Wellington alone survives.
The Government of the Netherlands has just ordered an
accurate account to be taken of all the steam-engines in
the kingdom ; the list is to be made out by the Ist Oct.
BISHOP Luscost ne.—The Journal du Calvados gives the
following notice of the proceedings of Bishop Lusconihe at
Caen :—" Mr. Luseonthe, Doctor of Theology of the FM-
versity of Cambridge and visiting Bishop of the English
conregation established in different parts of France, the
lastsi ime he went to the Protestant church at Caen (lent
ilto the English inhabitants every. Sunday by the French
Protestants residing there), performed the church service
I according to the ritual of the Anglican church, after which
Mr. Rothe, the resident chaplain, preached a sermon on
practical morality. Upwards of thirty young persons were
then confirmed by the Bishop, who from his seat delivered
them a most touching exhortation upon the ceremony,
which had just taken place, and upon the importance of
the duties they had contracted. ins presence of the church.
A French bournsl of the 13th July has already praised a
sermon preached by this respectable prelate upon charity
in the Protestant church at Paris, in the Rue St. lionort.
There, after the customary prayers for the Sovereign of
England, the Prelate invoked the benediction of heaven
upon his Majesty Charles X. and his august family. In
pointing out the virtues of that monarch he strengthened
the sincere and warm gratitude with which the English
are animated for the protection which he grants to the
exercise of the Anglican ;node of worship in the kingdom.
The same prayers and thanksgiving he then used at Paris
he renewed at Caen.

By a convention concluded between Count Nerselrode,
Minister for'Foreign Affairs, and Count Lebseltern, Aus-
trian Ambassador to this Come, the 'impost, calledjes de-
tractus, is reciprocally abolished between Russia and the
Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Duchy of Parma.--•
HandnirgA Paper.
UNWILLING COXPLIataIiT TO ENOLA.SIbr--The
dA•ftrre,lf Tumtlay, after tiretuDeing our *Pend polttics,
complains, that within thole few year., England and the
rest of .c.etrope have changed positions. A few years ago,
England, it seems, was so completely effaced that she was
forgotten, whereas now, "stir any where, and you will be
sure that she will arrive there by a gate which her Prosi•
dence has taken care to open for herself. She comes into
Spain through Portugal—into Italy by Illyria—into Ger.
many by Hanover. Through Greece she touches Russia
and Austria. Persia, of which she has made an arser al,
where she keeps her cannon, gun-powder, and officers,
assures her of Turkey. Alistrese of the seas, she has her
fleets ready 10 disembark in all points of the globe, and as
this globe is divided into two hostile opinions, she will have
one always for an ally wherever she shall stretch forth her
armed hand." So be it.

The manufactories of cotton and woollens established in
Egypt are declining. The former meet with many chat-
cies in the climate. The salt manufactory at BoutLk,
however, and the raising of silk worms at Zabazik are
most promising. The salt is obtained by evaporation, and
costs only 13 piastres per quintal, whereas that formerly
produced by fire cost 80 piastres.
THE SPANISH REFUGEES ♦T TAN earn.—Extract of a
letter from the United States Consul at Tangier, Morocco:
" I have beard that it has been published in the news-
papers of the United States that I had taken a band of pa-
triotic Spaniards under my protection, who flew from their
land to this as a place of refuge. That is not the case ;
they have always been under the protection of the Moorish
' flag. The Bashaw of this place has done acts of btnevo-
' knee towards them that have endeared him to me. lie,
in return, is my friend. I wculd trust my life, my libutv,
and all I have in his power. His noblencis of soul would
do honour to any man in existence; those deeds areexalttd
by the confirmation of the King Muluy Abdrahaman, King
of the Moors, and protector of suffering distress."
Examples of longevity are less frequent in Portugal than
in any other country, but the following is an exception
worthy of notice. On the Bth of last month there died, in
the nunnery of San-Bento-d'Ave-Maria, an old servant at
128 years of age. She had been a century in the service
of the monastery, and bad bceu constant to her dutirs
till the last five years. She preserved her intellectual facul-
ties to the last.

Our accounts from New South Wales and Van Diernce's
Land are very unsatisfactory. The letters which we NT!
7eceivcd • from Sydney state, dig' riettrli'sdrffie grain; has
been destroyed by caterpillars, which overrun the face of
the country, and that they have no prospect for winter of a
good supply of provisions. Fortunately, however, con hu
fallen considerably in ptice : the best wheat, which was
16s. per bushel, had gone down to Ss. and the loaf of bawd
of Sills. was only 4.1. The bush-rangers continue to com-
mit atrocious outrag,es. Murders and robberies wevc com-
mon at noon-day at Sydney.—fallasow Free Press.
NEGRO FASIIION.—" Mr. Wilberforce and Mr. Buxton
must be satisfied of the rapid progress that has been made
towards civilisation among the negroes, when they learn.
that a few weeks since, at a harvest-home given on an
estate in this Parish, the negmes would not dance country.
dances, but insisted on having quadrilles."—lifeatego Bav
Gazette.

' BIL•ZILIAN LOAN of 2,000,000/. sterling, negonatd
by Mi. N. M. Rothschild, in London, in lit23.—The
half-yearly dividend on the above Loan, which becomes
due on Saturday, the lat of October next, will be paid by
Mr. N. M. Rothschild, on that and every succeeding day,
(Sundays excepted), between the hours of ten and two,
at his countinz-house, No. 2, New-court, St. Swithin's-
lane. The dividend warrants, with a list thereof in nu'
merical order, must he left une day previous, for ex-
amination.

Messrs. Kingsbury, Parhury, and Allen, have jag pi):
Halted the following works t—l. History of the Pobucsl
and Military Transactions in India during the Administra-
tion of the Marquis Hastings, by H. T. Primp hie
Private Secretary, &c. Ace.), S vole. Bro. IL 12i.-2- •
Gilchrist's General East India Guide and Valle Meemn•
tiro. lSs.-3. Milburn's Oriental Commerce improved, by
Thornton, with numerouOlaps, Rrc.Bvo. 266.-4. An
trotluction to Perspective, Drawing, and rsintings by
char's &c. 4th edit. Bro. Ilia. .