Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-07-30 00:00:00

THE COTTON TRADE.

NEW YORK, JULY 17.
(From Talcott, Bramwell and Talcott's Circular.)
Cotton.—Our latest Liverpool advices are of the 4th
instant, per America. The Liverpool market for the
week ending 3rd, was reported firm, sales 58,600 bales, of
which 7,500 were on speculation, and 6,000 for export ;
balance 45,100 to the trade. No change in the value of
money or in prices during;.the week for goods at Man-
chester.
The sales effected in this market during the week, we
estimate at 7,600 bales, of which 2,000 were in transitu,
and 2,500 from store for export, and 3,100 to spinners.
The prices paying at the close establish an advance of
irc to is on the week. We quote :
New Orleans. Mobile. Uplands.
Low Middling l4l 141
Middling l5 to 151 14/ 14i
Our latest despatch from New Orleans quotes Middling
at that port 141 c. freight ad. Receipts and Stock remain•
ing light.
The receipts at the ports, made up to the latest mail dates,
amount to 2,883,000 bales.
Against same time last year 3,449,000 "

Decrease this year 566,000 "

The exports to Great Britain from all the
ports since Sept. Ist 1,369,000 bales.
Against same time last year 1,185 000 "

Decrease this year

506,000 "

The stocks in all the ports amount to 133,000 bales.
Against same time last year
Growing Crop.—We are advised by our correspondents
that the weather up to latest mail dates at New Orleans,
continued to be favourable. Some blooms were advised
from the country on the 4th instant, but blooming was
not then general. Picking, with a continuance of favour-
able weather, was expected to commence about the 15th
of August. Our correspondents at Charleston write on
the 11th inst. : . . _

" With two exceptions, all parties from the country with
whom we have conversed, report the crop in this State
and Georgia as doing well, and improving very much,
though still backward, and the general impression here
is, that with a good season from this time out, the Atlantic
States will make a good crop. The weather has been
very cool this week, cooler than we have ever known it at
this season. We would suppose this was unfavourable
for the plant, but so far we hear no complaints, except in
one district of this State, where they had been visited by
a severe hail storm, which extended over a whole line of
country, doing great injury to both corn and cotton."
From an equally reliable source, we have received the
following :
" Columbia, Ga.,'July 10.—Cotton continues unpromis-
ing. I consider the prospects as bad now as at any time
this season, and perhaps worse, considering the advanced
stage of the season. It is yet behind time a month, it is
clearly observable, and the stands are worse, It even

continues to die yet, it is small, lousy, sickly, and grassy
and miserable stands, and the tone of the complaints from
planters are decidedly of a despondine character. I have
been among the cotton fields over 30 years, and have
never seen half so bad a prospect as now exists at this
season.'

Which is confirmed by the following extract, published
o❑ the 15th inst. :

" I am a planter, and can say with truth that the pros-
pect for the cotton crop was never so gloomy as at this
time, at this season of the year.. Seven-eighths of the
acres in Georgia which are planted with cotton aro not
to-day in blossom, and the weed in general is nut more
than half the usual size."
But the most interesting article on the subject of
" Supply of Cotton." is the following, which was re-pub-
lished in the New Orleans Picayune of the 9th inst. The
writer deals with facts only :-
We find in the Natchitoches Chronicle, of the 4th inst.,
some interesting statistics connected with the growth of
the cotton plant, prepared by General P. A Morse. The
facts are of a more practical nature than usually meet our
eye, and as the subject of supply is one which outweighs
in commercial importance almost every other, we have
thought it would be acceptable to our readers to place the
information before them. The table embraces a series of
32 years, and comprises the latest springs and earliest
fall frosts, the time of cotton growing, and the period of
the earliest bloom for 17 years. Thesedata apply to
31 40 N.L.
r--White Frosts-, e--Items of Cotton Crop.-Th
Latest in Earliest '1 ime of Cot- First Crop in
Year. Spring. in Fall. ton growing. bloom. Bales.
1825 Feb. 15, Oct. 19 Bm. 4d. 820,027
1823 April 11, Nov. 18 7m. 7d. 937,030
18‘7 March 18, Nov. 30 Bm. 11 6. 712,000
1828 March 19, Nov. 12 7m.25 d. 857,744
1829 March 22, Nov. 1 7m. 9d. 9;6.845
1830 Feb. 14, Oct. 20 Bm. Gd. 1,038 848
1831 March 21, Oct. 28 7m. 7d. 987,477
1832 March 18, Nov. 9 7m.21 d. 1,070,438
1813 March 30, Oct. 20 6m. 29 d. 1.205,394
1834 March 30, Oct. 20 6m.20 d. 1,254,328
1835 March 23, Oct. 10 6m.17 d. 1,360,725
1836 March 25, Oct. 23 6m.27 d. 1,421,931
1837 April 9, Oat. 26 6m. 17 d. 1,801,497
1838 March 18, Oct. 22 7m. 4d. 1.360,032
1839 March 6, Nov. 7 Bm. Id. 2.177,835
1830 March 31, Oct. 25 6m.24 d. June 6 1,634,915
1811 March 18, Oct. 23 7m. sd. June 10 1,683,574
1842 Feb. 22, Oat. 26 Bm. 4d. May 17 2,376,875
1843 April 1, Oct. 28 6m. 27 el. June 9 2,030.409
1844 March 31, Oct. 19 6m.18 d. May 25 2,394,513
1845 March 21, Oct. 12 6m. 18 d. May 30 2,100,537
1816 April 14, Oct. 19 6 uu. sd. June 10 1,778,651
1847 March 27, Nor. 19 7m. 22 d. May 30 2,347,634
1848 March 14, Nov. 20 8m.16 d. June 1 2 728,590
1849 April 16, Nov. 8 6m.22 d. June 6 2,096,706
1850 April 7, Oct. 26 6m. 19 d. June 24 2 355.257
1851 April 22, Nov. 6 6m.14 d. June 5 2 015,000
1852 April 6, Nov. 7 7m. Id. June 3 3,362 900
1853 March 15, Oct. 25 7m.10 d. Juno 10 5,930,001
1854 April 29, Nov. 5 6m. 6d. June 12 2,847,300
1855 March 28, Oct. 25 6 in. 27 d. May 30 3 527,800
1856 March 3, Oct. 16 7m.13 d. Jane 4 *2,950,000

* Estimated.
From the foregoing results, the writer establishes the
following averages :
Average latest spring frost March 23
Average earliest fall frost Oct. 26
Average time between the latest and ,
earliest frost, 7 months 3 days.
Average date of first bloom
The arguments which follow cannot well be presented
in a condensed shape, and we therefore copy at some
inconvenience the article in full. It will. do very well to
keep.
During the early portion of the present season there
was a succession of frosts, more or less intense, until the
commencement of May. March was unusually cold and
unfavourable to cotton. and the severe frosts on the sth
of April completely destroyed the young cotton, and was
equally fatal to the corn which had been planted early.
Most of our planters considered it most prudent to re-plant
both corn and cotton. During the month of April, there
were several frosts, but none after the 23rd that injured
the cotton to any considerable extent. The months of
May and June have been unusually favourable, and the
cotton crop now presents as promising an appearance as
I have ever known it, f, r the time it has been growing.
Nor while it is admitted that the present cotton crop is
quite promising for the season, it must be equally admitted
that it is from 20 to 30 days later than the average of the
32 preceding years. If we take the above average for the
earliest fall frost of the present year, the statement for
1857, will be as follows :--
Latest spring frost, April 23.
Earliest fall frost (average) October:26,
Growing season, 5 months
-and 3 d tys.
First bloom, June 25.

The first bloom, which is probably the:fairest test of the
present condition and prospect of the growing crop,
proves that the average growing season will be at least
twenty days short of the usual Defied. If we take the
average date of frosts, we find thirty days deficiency.
Then the question of a short or average crop of cotton
for 1857 depends upon the date of the fall frost. There
can under no circumstances be a large crop—we are too
late in the commencement ; and though much may de-
pend upon the date of the fall frost ; there can under no
circumstances be more than an average crop.
Before I proceed to show what I would consider a
small, average or large crop for 1857, I will call atten-
tion to some facts connected with the above table. It
will be seen, that as a general rule, the magnitude of
the crop depends upon a long or short period, between
the spring and fall frost. In 1839, the spring opened on
the 6th March, seventeen days earlier than the average,
and the growing season continued twelve days later
than the average fall frost, giving for the growing season
eight months one day, and a crop of 2,177,000 bales—an
increase of more than 300,000 bales over the year im-
mediately preceding. The crop of 1840, besides the
influence of a short season of six months and twenty
four days, was diminished by an over flow in the Mis-
sissippi, and reached only 1,635,000 bales. The crop of
1842 was very large, and it will be observed that the
season commenced on the 22nd February, and continued
until the 26th October, a period of eight months and four
days, yielding 2,378,000 bales, and an increase of more
than 700,000 bales over the previous year. The crop of
1848 was an unusually short one of 1,779,000 resulting
from a short-growing season of six months and five days.
and a general visitation of the army worm. The crop of
1849 is again a short one of 2,097,000 showing a dificit
of more than 600,000 bales from the previous crop ; the
growing season was only six months and twenty-two
days, and there was an overflow in Red River during the
summer.

The crop of 1855 was an unusually large one, on a
growing season of a few days short of seven months, but
it will be observed that the whole season was remarkably
favourable, and that at least 250,000 bales of the previous
crop was received, which had been kept back by low water
in the rivers of Alabama, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas.
The crop of 1856 has been variously estimated, but taking
the present deficit at all the ports, and the probable amount
to come forward will probably nut exceed 2,950,000 bales,
—and I believe this figure has bee■ generally adopted,—l
shall take it as a basis of calculation.

I will now proceed from the above data, to give my esti-
mate of the probable supply of cotton to be received from
the growing crop.
Taking the average of the last five crops as the basis of
our calculation, without regard to the late spring frosts of
the present season, the result will be as follows :-
1852. Crop in bales
1853.
185 i. " 2,847,300
1855. " " .. 3,527,800
1856. " Estimated
,950,000

Average of above .
Add five per cent for increase in
cultivation

Total
But if the fall frost should take place at the average
date, the 26th of October, the growing season will be only
Eix months and three days, one month short of the average,
and we can only expect a proportionally short crop.
1857—Average crop in ~ales 3,279,800
Deduct 14 per cent for one month short
of average growing season

Leaving for the actual crop only

_ .
Fromi the above, I conclude that even if the fall frost
should be protracted to the 19th of November, the latest
period fur the last thirtl -two years, the growing crop can-
not exceed 3,275,000 bales, which would be much short of
the commercial wants of the world ; and if the fall frost
comes at the average period of the 26,h of October, or as
often occurs before that time, the crop will not exceed
2,830,000.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

By British and Irish Magnetic Telegraph.

GOJDWOOD RACES.-YESTERDAY.

£5O PLATE.

Madame Clicqu)t..l Grand Duchess.. 2 Dispute.... 3

Seventeen ran.
SWEEPSTAKES OP 300 SOW.
Lord of the Hills

Two ran.

STEWARDS' CUP.
Tournament....) Uncxpected....2 Thcoi!ora 3
Thirty-four ran.

GOODWOOD STIIKES.

T4eamington.....l 1 Gunboat 2 1 Somerset 3
Nineteen ran. Won easy
PAID FORFEIT.—Squire Watt, The Dupe, Mongrel,
Snceze, Warlock, and Lord of the Hills.