Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-07-06 00:00:00

important question. "What shall we do with our criminals?"
which he answered thus, " Don't create them." The fol-
lowing passage from the concluding lecture was read:-
1. The course of my argument leads direetly to the conclu-
sion that the way to the extnetion of cr;me lies through
the pleasant paths of prosperity and plenty. We want
more freedom, and less taxation. I go cordially with the
Finance Reformers ofLiverpool,and I belieie that they are
the best moral reformers. Let us begin by immediately
weeding from the Chancellor of the Exchequer's budget
every item of expenditure not required for the pur-
poses of the Government. and by abolishing every
tax not necessary to defray the bare expenditure.
To this extent, we shall at once set a good
example, and cease, to use Mr. Roebuck's language, from
" robbing the people." We do not require more magis
trates, more police, more chaplains, all of whom have a
professional interest in misinterpreting nature, and foster-
ing error ; s-e do not want new punishments, new schemes
of transportation, new and splendid gaols, all of which
must be paid for by industry, and lessen its rewards. We
have already too much of them. The people want more
food, more clothing, more comforts, more luxuries, more
enjoyment, more holidays, more books, more leisure, more
intellectual and fewer animal pursuits. The mind, which
occupies no space, should be filled with gladness and
honour, not the body mortified and punished. All these
wants can only be satisfied by more freedom and less
taxation. The principles announced in l 842, and partially
acted on since with such eminent advantage, must be
carried into every part of society. The unrestricted com-
petition which nature establishes, must bo the rule for all
our transaction; ; and by the higgling of the market which
is mutual and free action, the salar'es of officials, and the
payment of fle priest!) lod must be regulated, as well as
the profit of the shopkeeper, and the wages of the
labourer Society cannot continue united under the sway
of two conflicting principles."

MONETARY AND COMMERCIAL.
LIVERPOOL, Saturday Evening.
There is little or no change to notice in the state
of the Cotton Market, and which remains firm,
with. sales of 6,000 bales, including 1,000 on specu-
lation and for export
In the Liverpool Share Market to-day, there was
a moderate business transacted,but towards the
close prices declined. The transactions were as
follows :—Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire,
701 ; Caledonian, 371 ; Lancashire and Yorkshire,
1011 ; Liverpool Crosby and Southport, 191;
London and North Western, 104, 31; Manchester,
Sheffield and Lincolnshire, 45 ; North Eastern,
23,1 ; Leeds Capital Stock, 221; Dowers, 221;
Dutch Rhenish, 31 d ; Grand Trunk of Canada,
141. 5-16, ; Atlantic Telegraph, 70 d,
(being an advance of Si. to 71. per share) ;
Steam Tug Company, 101. The following
were the closing prices :—Blackburn,
8 ; Chester and Birkenhead, 701, 71 ;
C iledonian, 87 , 37-4 ; Chester and Holyhead, 15f,
18; ; Eastern Counties, 111, 111 ; East
Lancashire, 97, 971; Ditto £9 shares, 1 13-16 p ;
Great Northern, 241, 241; Great Western, 651,
651; Lancashire and Yorkshire Stock, 1001,
101 ; Do, shares, 1, 1 1-16 p ; Liverpool,
Crosby, and Southport, 191. 19*; London
and North Western Stock, 1034, 103'4; Ditto.
one-eighth shares, 3-16, * d ; Manchester,
Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, 441, 452 ; Midland
Stork,
_B3l 83T4; North British, 10Z-, 11 ; North

Staffordshire, .11, 41 d ; North Eastern-Berwick,
2i 1-16, 23 3-16; York and North Midland,
355, 35-,1 ; Leeds Capital Stock, 22-i- 221 South
Eastern and Dover, 22,1, 22 9-16 ; Scottish
North Eastern, 121, 12k; Buffalo and Lake Huron,
34, 31 4 ; Ditto New Shares, 34, 31 d ; Great
Western of Canada, 22, 221 ; Ditto New Shares,
;47, 1 p ; Great Luxembourg, 111, 11 d ; Grand
Trunk of Can,,,da, 143, 141.
The payment of the Commercial Bills falling
due to-day, the 4th of the month, has not produced
so much pressure in the Money Market, as migh
have been expected, but the inquiry was neverthe
less active, and full rates were charged for accom-
modation. As soon as these engagements are met
it is expected that the demand will relax, although
the Consol settlement next week will cause numer-
ens applications for loans and discounts. The
dividends become payable at about the same time,
however, and thus the supply of money will be
increased.
The opinions regarding the present condition of the
money market, says the Bankers Circular of to-day,
though more hopeful, are still devoid of a steady confidence ;
the high rate of interest which has now so long prevailed
has made great inroads into many of the most solvent and
well conducted mercantile and manufacturing firms. The
continuation of this process cannot but prove highly
injurious to the general state of trade and commerce. It
is, however, with us a question of gold, or no gold, If
we can retain it, our confidence is supported; hut if not,
then are we in a constant state of uneasiness. If we look
abroad, we can scarcely indulge in the hope that we can
retain more than our fair share of the precious metals. We
are at present receiving, in return for our immense ship-
ments outward •, large quantities of gold and silver, but at
the s icrifice of our manufacturers; for it is impossible from
the state of our money markets for some time past, that
any profits whatever can be realised, as these have been
absorbed by the high prices of raw materials, and the
high rates of discounts charged upon bills. Taking an
external view of the Money Market, the demand appears
likely to be heavy for some time to come on the Conti-
nent. The capital necessary to be paid up by the Bank
of France, and the demands by other companies are very
considerable; these demands extend over a great portion.
of Germany, and will probably lead to a great deprecia-
tion in securities. But the demands on French account
are not alone for France ; her financial ramifications
through such institutions as the Credit Mobilier extend
over the whole Continent of Europe; with such an aspect
of things, the demands for money will continue to expand
rather than diminish.
The Bank of England returns, published in
our p iper of to-day, were not unfavourable ;
but, ors investigating the figures, it is found
that the directors acted prudently in not
reducing the rate of discount on Thursday. The
Fonds were rather flatter this morning, as it was
generally expected that the reserve of notes and
other securities would exhibit an improvement.
Business ek se very dull. Consols have been 92-a to
92i for the 9th instant. The New Threes are 921
to 901-; and the Reduced, 921 to 922. The
closing prices of Consols was 925 to 921.
The following list shows the fluctuations in Con-
sols during the past week :-
Lowest Highest Closing
prices. prices. prices.
Monday Money ..... shut do do
Account . _92,1 94
d0.92,e
Tuesday Money .... shut do.
Account . ... 92i 92 92-2-
Wednes lay Money .... shut do do
Account ....921 921 eea
-s,
Money .... shut do, do.
Account ....9%- 921 921,
Friday , Money .... shut do do.
Account .....931 924 92/
Saturday Money .... shat do. do.
Account ....922. 921 921
Avery moderate business has been done in the Lon-
don Railway Share Market to-1 ay, and no change can
be noticed in prices. The following were the closing
quotations :-A.mbergate, Nottingham, and East.
Junction, 5.1, 51; Caledonian, 75k, 151; Ediriburg,h.
and Glasgow, 62, 64 ; Eastern Counties, 11l I.li ;
East Lanceshire. 97, 98 ; Great. Northern, 99, 991;
Ditto A, 91 ; Great Western, 65, 651 ; Lan-
cashire and Yorkshire, 100;, 101 ; Leeds Northern,
45, 441; London and North Western, 103.51 1035 ;
London and South Western,lol4,lo2l ; Manchester,
Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, 411,451; Midland Stock,
83 et, 83,1- ; North British, 432, 41 ; South Eastern and
Dover, 741, 751; York, Newcastle, and Berwick, 92,
93 ; York and -North Midland, 71., Ili.
The imports of Specie during the week were
about one million stirling, viz :-- By the Sienne,
from Boulogne, fifty-three cases bullion ; the Wm.
H. Prescott, from New Orleans, one box, 2,048 ozs,
silver coin ; the Panther, from Boulogne, eighteen
eases bullion ; the Norma, from Constantinople,
&rt., four groups, one bag, specie, or 3,5001; the
lisloselle, from Rotterdam, eighteen casks bullion;
the Albion, from Boulogne, thirty-nine boxes
bullion ; the Clarence, from Antwerp, eleven bags
• bullion ; the Atlantic, from New York, 1,128,581
dole, or 025,0001; the America, from Boston,
1,229,143 dole, or 247 4501; the Ariel, from New
York, 45,0001; the Washington, from New York,
80,0{101; the Atvato, from the West Indies, 946,756
dots, or 200,000/, of which 120,0001 was in gold and
the rest, silver; the Vanderbilt, from New York,
170,0001; the Batavier, from Rotterdam, fifteen
brls bullion ; the Stebonheath, from Melbourne,
5,251 ozs of gold, or 21,1001; the Sienne, from
Boulogne, fifty-five cases bullion; the Telegraph,.
from Antwerp, ten cases bullion.
The exports were also nearly one million
sterling. Ounces by the Magdalena for the West
Indies, 35.2801, of which 6,355/ was in Silver, and
the rest in Gold ; the Armenian for the Cape of
Good Hope, 50.0001; the Colombo for the East
Indies, 859,220/, of which 3,386 was in Gold and
the rest in Silver.
The official returns of the exports of the precious
metals from the port of London, for the week
ending Jane 27. show a total of 29,000 ounces of
Geld and 1,6001 in Silver.
With respect to the movements in mines during
the week, the Mining Journal of this day says :
Ti,e Mining Share Market has shown more activity this
week, and a good demand bas existed for several mines,
-0--
though still at lower quotations than sellers generally are
disposed to take. Devon Consols shares have been more
Thum or me Doenuss or BxnroßD.--The Postan- 'freely offered at lower quotations, and leave off at 440 to
nounces the death of this much respected lady, -who expired 445, sellers. Baseet shares at low prices met with buyers,
Emewhat suddenly on'Friday. 235 to 245; South Frances, 293 to 295, and a dividend due
NOVIOMAGIAN SoctEry or ANTIQuARIFts.-011 lAri.lneq- in a few days or, probably, £8 per share ; North Basset
day last, the members of this Club, being Fellows of the leave kept at 15 to 16, with scarcely any business doing ;
Society of Antiquaries of London, paid a visit to Leeds West Basest, 28 to 29, also flat ; for Great South Tolgas
Castle, Kent, on the invitation of its hospitable owner, C. there have bete, several buyers, at 161 to 17 ; East Basset,
F.S.A. 'After a minute also buyers, at 88 to 40, and the mine improving for cop-
; Martin, Esq, My.,
inspec:ion of thie unique and almost perfect feudal relic, per.‘ in fir:).
,60 east; Grenville, li. to 111.;kUnty„)sihtaore3sthathvee
to welch appertains so much of historic EIS well as de;i:ilnyl.";:t.11.1? quieftlyutduringthe
ethis
ew ea i..t>, ,
tlare, 4-3 beim, the
archmological lutanist, the party pertook of an eleglut e'all.a.oteueceaniaZt °to pil/Anse; Bell and Lanarth also
entertainment, and returned to town in the evening. iorptiaaia after, at 21 to 3,1.
Tire Eeteneeerfox or Ireat.-On Tuesday evening '1 he receipts on the principal French Railways
last, Siancr o..sini delivered a lecture . on Idly, to a \ therin e the week ending 24th June, whim compared
crowded audience, at the Town-hall, •Tenbridge. The .
with the corresponding period of 1850, showed
inentation of 322,378 francs on the Orleans,
chair was filled by themltre.vi..vFa.itWerhltirre,,ii,ertr,:cupypotrlgtc,ci,
in Dr. Arnold Kaye,
Oa the motion of Mr. iiirkir,,,d,
wad other gentlemen. 0
seconded by Dr. Kaye, a resolution was p.asset3. coni/emn,_ 4,7 i ) francs
tory of the Fr,:,nela and Austrian occupation of t,e,,, papal ton of 1,0 .
Stites. A ,ebserintion was made for the It fund,
three cheers were given for the indspendenee
after a vote of thanks to the Gliairtrattl: 4.;‘,_, Signor Orsini, the Great North
the meting separated. a11r.1:711,7113g6 on the Midi, 24,607 on the Lyons, and
•'e on the Eastern. There was a ditninit-
r6s on the _Mediterranean, 48,941 on the
Western, and 211,014 on the Austrian. •
of Italy, and • The Times' city article of to-lay, in alluding to
Northern Railway frauds, remarks :-
Much surprise was created le the city yesterday by a

Thursday