The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1819-09-28 00:00:00

' I
skin AMERICAN AFFAIRS.

Extract from a very able Memoir,. by Mr. F.
lay, on the Affair! of South A tarries •
•
t 4 On the Civil, Political, and transonial Relations If
south America ; addressed to anserol Starrour. 4110111
the Board of Commissioners for rnmsating the Settle-
ment of rens:awls. By John Fiulay,,Esq.Barrinier at Law.

" The Great Frederick was accustomed to say,
that the compliances or refusals of politicians were
seldom well tinted. Great Britain, through the
wide circle of her foreign relations, wanted nothing
so much as a new market, and the world bed no
new market to offer of which Great Britain could
avail herself, with the exception of that of South
America. This great benefit we may still appro.
(mate, by encouraging a friendly disposition to-
wards the Colonists.; by delay and indecision we
!nes• lose the tide, ,and throw the golden opportu.
tiny into the hands of America.
Is this Empire so much in debt to Ferdinand
that she should sacrifice, to au impossible cove-
nant. the interests of her subjects, and of half a
hemisphere ? If she owed any thing to the Spanish
King, has she not repaid it by the Spanish Crown ?
If she owed any thing to him on the score of legi.
timers., ha. she nut repaid it by suspending, for his
benefit, the great maxim of legitimacy—that " no
one can be heir to another its his life time ;" and
sanctioning, in his favour, the dethronement of his
father ?
Alter Ferdinand had assumed and resigned
the Crown—alter he had renounced Isis rights as
on Infant of Spain—after he had fled with his
Court to the camp of the enemy—after his whole
dynasty awl Nobility bad abdicated the country,
and devolved upon the Spanish people and
British Government the task of opposing the
Usurper, and resisting the invader—after he had
sought liar, in place of his first wife (whom, like
his last wife, he prematurely lost), au alliance with
some relative of that Usurper and invader—after
he hail resigned to death the generous adventurer
Nahum Great Britain had commissioned to elude his
gaoler and us.ist his escape—fter all these OCCIlf•
truces, the Spanish people and the British Govern.
meet, et the expense of myriads of men and mil-
lions of treasure, transferred him from his prison to
Ilia father's throne.
•• What has be doue in return for either ? Has
the patriot Prince of Asturias, who, in his letter on
the lst of May, 1808, insiste that a Cortes shell be
convoked us an indispensable condition of his re-
storing the Crown to his father—has he convoked a
Cortewl—lias he imparted liberty to those whom he
calls leis visaed., or commerce to us whom lie calls
his ally ? Na. How then does he balance the ac-
count—what item stands on the other side ? He
itfuses forthwith to ratify the cession of the Flori.
.fag. But what use is his refusal?—will it bring them
Zack ? His ;argent grasp mi the Floridas is about
equal to his first grump on his European dominions;
he could neither retain them, nor recover them.
Then what does his Catholic Majesty give es in
return for the Crown which We gave him? He gives
us a sort or political • chose in action,' a cause of
war to tight for him in the New World, as he be-
fore gate us to tight for him in the Old, for which
Great Britain ought not to go to war with America,
and could tint, if she would. Ile gives us a word,
that he may give himself a pretext for refusing to
counterbalance the cession of the Floridas with that
of Cuba. He gives us a bad cause of war with
America, which, whether the cause be good or bad,
we cannot undertake, but gives America a good
cause of war with himself, which she can and will
undertake—he gives her an excuse for encroach-

tog upon Mexico.
" How does he benefit Great Britain by a mea-
sure which places the mines of Mexico at the discre-
tion of her rival ? There is not a well-informed
citizen in the United States who will not rejoice at
this refusal, whether he regards its operation on
Iti,ll or general principles. From a war with
Ferdinand for the Florida., America has much to
expect, and nothing to fear. Mexico is at her
mercy ; she may either make it • new State in her
Confederacy, or make it an Independent State.
Oil the first declaration of a war she will do either.
lint whether the revolutionizes or annexes Mexico,
she will with equal -celerity acknowledge the bide-
prudence of the States below the Isthmus of Da-
sten, Chili, Buenos Ayres, and Venezuela. Thus,
an American, on a selfish or a social principle,
whether his views are narrowed to the aggrandize-
ment of his country, or glows with that spirit which
made his country tree, must rejoice at this refusal
to ratify. It places North and South America in a
better situation, and Great Britain in a worse. It
throws Mexico into the arms of the Republic,
either as an ally or an integral confederate.
" America aid Great Britain are both candidates
fur the market of South America—the one of these
two Powers which proves itself more friendly than
the other, will, of course, get the market. Hitherto
they have been similarly neutral, and the prefer-
euce inclined in favour of Great Britain—but Fer-
dinand, in his folly. kicks the balance, and the com-
pound effect of his policy and our irresolution is
this, that America will be the first to acknowledge
the New Slates, and by thus out.bidding Great Bri-
tain. will secure to herself that market which these
cluotries so much wanted, so long pursued, and
might by a little decision have so easily appropriat.
td. In fact, if America acts selfishly she may get
the mines of Mexico—and if she acts generously
and wisely, she must get the market of South
America. In the tirat case our rival is unreason-
ably aggrandized—in the second, a greater and
neceasary object is lost, by which our rival is ag-
grandized still more.
" Let us examine the first part of this proposi-
tion. What security has Great Britain that Ame-
rica may not take this opportunity. thus foolishly
thrown in her way ? If Ferdinand will have a war
with North as well as South America, against what
Nut can the forces of the United States be directed
Mexico? The invasion of that country foi-
e necessary consequence. A circulating
103 is the very thing America wants, and
she may find in this contiguous country.
might carry her confines to where the land
a'—she might says in the flush of prosperity
pride, no longer a river, but two mighty oceans
the southern coast of the Great Republic. She
tea her frontier to the Isthmus of Darien, and
!Wassail above it to be North dasrico.
• it a one idea with these northern republicans
snatch the grand jewel front the Crown of Spain?

• . .
By no means; twelve years ago the same though.
engaged much of the enterprising spirit of ilia ea.
mu when relations of particular amity
existed between her Cabinet and that of Madrid.
It appears from a Message of the President to Coo.
grass, 2.ith of January, 1807, and the documents
annexed. that Aaron Burr, who had previously
filled the office of Vice-President, in conjunc-
tion with a considerable association, had resolved
to carry an expedition into the Mexican Provinces,
and that it was deemed practical for this expedi-
tion to effect this invasion, in what was called
Pilot boat built schooners,' and having landed
at Vera Cruz, to march from thence directly to
Mexico. This circumstance is referred to, merely
to chew. that an attempt oil Mexico is no new idea
iu the United States. It is hoped and believed,
that any attempt to appropriate this comitry would
be opposed generally, and by the Mexicans them-
selves, as also by that influential ►ense of justice
and moderation, which pervades the United States.
But if Ferdinand be permitted to go on in this
career, America, at all events, will, in the fist in-
stance, set on foot such au invasion, us un enemy
of Ferdinand, and au Ally of Mexico. She will
also find it then a necessary policy to be the first to
acknowledge the independence of the New SWIM
ner coatignity and alliance with Mexico, may give
her the same advantage from the unities, as •he
would have by the annexation of the country. By
her aid Mexico may give effect to the grand and
practical idea of uniting the two means by a
canal across the Isthmus, and thus bring the inter.
course with the Pacific close to the shores of the
United States.
" Finally, North America may thus pre-occupy
all the great sources of commerce which she will
thus be the first to disclose; and Great Britain will
thos lose the tide, which, if takeu tit the flood,
most have led alike to liberty and prosperity. And
for what is all this sacrifice made Because,
deed, that Great Britain made a Treaty with Ferdi-
nand, when his father was alive, and the son a pri-
soner in France, that we should, forsooth, main-
tain the integrity of the empire of Spain and the
Indies ! And is this the way we keep his empire
entire, by throwing the mines of Mexico and
markets of Spanish America into the disposal of
the United States ? We have goaranteed to keep
this empire entire: but what matter of such gua-
rantees ? We may guarantee that tie Ornuoko
will not run into the sea at Labitur et Labour.
IVe should not guarantee impossibilities. 1 wonder
that we did not guarantee that there should not be
an et.:h pee."

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, SEPTESIDEIt 23.

Major-General Sir lienj.smin Bloomfield arrived
the day before yesterday et 31orrison't lintel, from
London ; front theme he proceeds to Liughton,
county 'Tipperary, the sent of his brother-in-law,
Thomas R. Pepiwr, Esq. This visit to his 'satire
county must be highly gratifying to his very nume-
rous and highly respectable friends.
The Earl and Coutste.s of Clancarty are on R
visit with Mr. Secretary Gregory, at the Pheenix
Park. . . . .

- -•
Marquis Camden and family are on a visit with
the Earl of Londonderry.
THE THEATRE.—The entire of the Italian Opera
Company has arrived in town. The theatre will,
thereliae, we presume, he opened for the peafortn-
ances that have been announced, in the latter end
of this week, or the beginning of the next.
The ship Jane, of Glasgow, Captain MsKenzie,
from Jamaica fur Glasgow and Greenock, laden
with rum, sugar, and logwood, ran on shore on the
Long Strand of Castle Freke, county of Cork, on
Tuesday, in a thick fog. The cargo to discharging,
and if the weather is moderate, it is probable the
vessel will he got off. Lord Carbtry (die. Lord of
the Manor) has been very particular its his at-
tendance at the strand, to prevent any embezzle-
ment of the cargo, and in the most pratilLwt,rthy
stunner made jlllotier of his horses, carts, stores, &c.
for the preservation of the cargo, for the benefit of
the owners and underwriters.
WATEBTORD, SEPTEMBER '2O.

A few nights ago a man named Barry, in charge
of au orchard at Killadangun. iu ibis county, was
fired at and wounded by some ruifiatur; be died in
a day or two after. We understand that a man has
been arrested upon strong buspicion of being con-
cerned w this outrage.
On Saturday evening, as some cows were ship-
ping for Newport, on board the Ocean, at our quay,
one of them fell from the hatchway into the hold,
and, in cobsequence of the WI, will obliged to be
k;Iletl. The mute. William Cowper, happened to
be under the hatchway at the time. and had one of
his thighs broken by the cow falling or rolling upon
him. We understand he is in a fair way of recovery.
LIMERICK. SEPTEMBER Is.

An inquest has been held on the body of a woman
who was washed on shore, with a roue round her neck,
at Money. point, near Kilrush. When the circum-
stance was known, the Knight of Clio, and Majors
Warburton and Ogle, instantly repaired to the
spot, and after the verdict was had, ordered the
body to be interred, which was accordingly done
by Mr. Dixon. Sufficient evidence was adduced
on the inetirst to attach suspicim against two per-
UHIS as the perpetrators of this murder, but it is
taut prudent at present to disclose their names.

ENNIS, SEPTEMBER. 15.

Osi Monday a most desperate and sanguinary
affray took place ut Louglinagown, lying about
half way between the post towus of Corutin and
Ennistymon, to this county, between the families
of two brothers of the mime of Neylan, in which
D said Ntylam a son of one of tho►e brothers lost
his life. It appeared, on the inquest holden before
Mr. Prieto yesterday, that the deceased received a
blow of a spade that knocked him down, from
another David Neylam sun to the other brother.
and that James Neylam the father of the latter.
struck the deceased whild down, with a pitchfork.
of which he died in two hours afterwards. Verdict
accordingly.
The mother of the deceased, we are informed.
Pie* dangerou►ly ill from the slow .received hi the
above-mentioned alTroy. and which arose out of the
oppositt to the driving a cow in wee place, in-
stead of soother ; a circumstance, one would sup-
pose, tuts trifling to give rise to so deadly a feud,
and between ;MMUS so nearly related.

THE rilla.

BETriNG.ROOM, Burrata2R 27.

•
• The news at Tattersall's, this day, which so Mut& in-
herits the apottiug world. would till many of oar • columns.
lye shall briefly 'tooth the leading topes relative to the
disputed St. Leger Stake, and to do so, we must first give
thebetting. not upon horses, Sot upon Ibe decisiun of the
Jockey Club :-
5 W 2 the Stake will he given to Antonio.
3 to 1 okrolast being declared no race.
12 to 1 &garnet the Stake bring awarded to Sir Walter.
It is already known that some of the heaviest betters de-
clared off all their beta before the second race took place;
and the roulusieu the dispute occasioned was the same at
Tattersaffs yesterday as was exhibited to the lumina at
raster, for thw•e was no thought of 'mime until she hockey
Club deride. This will be done on Monday or Tuesday
moviiiiic before the Nevi ovorket St. Leger is ►tin fair, as many
heavy dotage bets are 'vending about naming the two win.
1111.1,,
The Stewards at Doncaster, unlike Newmark►t, are
chosen rather for the patronage of the wives, the balls, and
assemblies, but in this institute she tine was a minor, and the
other had just attained his '2lst year, and without calls ssg
their honour in ustestinti it i■ fair to add. that they were
mods briler sicristasesttil wills the figures of a sellf: than tam
decide about a race. Wheatley, • celebratevl Newmarket
jockey, was examined as to his ',Whom of the first shit
by the great Northern Oracle, and tw thutie.ht Antonio had
a g .1011 to the stake; hul the riders of Agricola. Sir Walter,
Harniudius, suit others, w••re of a difftTelli opinion. There
seems to be tin doubt about Antonio getting the Stake, and
bets must be paid accordingly.

1 "mut cal
except I
loss as
1 medium
which s
She mip
narrows'
and prid
wails the
pushes I
proclaim
" Is ii
to suatcl