The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-07-13 00:00:00

CITY BUSINE,vs.

A Court of Aldermen was held yesterday at Guildhall, et which
John Crowder. Aklerman and Stationer and Thomas
Ega , Citisen and PlAsterer. the Sheritii4 Elect, executed
bonds to take upon them the saki office on the 2fitla September
next. •

The Court wan occupied at ennaiderable length in hertrirg a
complaint against a broker, and an appeal agaihm the assessment
for the ►Catch Hive for Bread-street Want.
- .

. _
Several persons were allowed brokers, and others discharged on
petition.
Commilsioners of the Court of Requests for the months of Au-
gust and September next were appointed.
Licenses were granted to Coal Undertakers.
The Court directed the payment of sundry bills aril accounts.

PUBLIC EDUCATION.

PI.AWiI •OR TEE GOVERNMENT AND LIBERAL IMSTRUCTION
OF DOTS IN LARUE MEMBERS, AS PRACTISED AT HAZEL•
WOOD SCHOOL.
Second Edition—Knight.

Of all the important subjects which have a claim on the
public attention, taut of PUBLIC EDUCATION is the most
important: Its dali" operation, as well as its permanent
influence on the conifstion of the society in which we live—
the vast extent of the interests which it embraces--the
gradual change which every improvement introduced into
it, produces in the popular mind, and the consequent re-
volution which it silently effects throughout the whole
circle of civil and social life—make every practical ad-j
vancement in the system upon which it can be usefully
oonducted, and every new truth which can be effectively
applied to it, a matter of intereating information which can-
not be too widely spread, that its value may be brought as
extensively to the test. It is under the fulness of this
conviction, that we feel it our duty to call the attention of
the public to the plan of instruction, as practised at Hazel-
wood School, the detail of which is given With ao much
interesting minuteness in the volume before Us. • We had
heard much and often of the excellence of this Plan, but
we had never until the appearance of the present—which
is the second edition of this work, gone into afull and reflective
investigation of it. The first feature which strikes us in it is,its
total freedom from every thing utopian: it does not aim to ex;
tract more from the constituent qualities of the human Mind
than they are capable of: it does not attempt to gather
grapes from thcrns or figs from thistles ; its aim is, to
I bend the moral and intellectual springs of the human dia-
-1 racter to all the prompt and active purposes for which they
are fitted ; to train the tendencies of youth in the manner
best calculated Co make them, in after-life, intelligent, up-
, right, and honourable men ; in short, to send them into
the community well instrneted in all that will render them
most useful to it—with all the best attributes of a firm and
manly character—with minds well disciplined to the de-
mands of justice and the rules of moral duty, and with
those reflective and enlarged views of life which will save
them from being duped by tre knaves into whose path thay
may chance to be thrown in their intercourse with it.
" Every person," says Gibbon, " has two educations—
one which lie receives from others, and one, more import-
ant, which he gives to himself." The Hazelwood system
appears to us to combine hail ; its public instruction is so
contrived as to induce each pupil,—iiiideed we may almost
say, to constrain him,—to cure* his own power of self-
government ; to bring his interets and passions under the
control of his reason—and, in the pursuit of all his ordinary
avocations, whetter in or out of school, to act under an
abiding sense of what is essential to his self-estimation as
well as to the estimation of his sehOol-fellows and teachers,
who make up the world in which he moves, and in whose
good t pinion he roust stand. well, in order to stand well in
his own.
We wtluld anxiously refer all public instructors to the
outlines of a system of education which has not only been
found practicable in all its detail, but to be attended with
the most successful and gratifying results. Our limits
will not permit us to enter into its particulars at any length ;
we can do little more than refer to it ; what space we can
spare, must be given to the few concise remarks which we
cannot abstain from making on one or two topics of very
general interest, among which is the following
" We do nut in any way encourage our English pupils to make
use of the French language in common conversation with each
other, knowing that without superintendence it would be idle to
exaeeti that careful attention so necessary to prevent them from
falling into had habits, both with respect to pronunciation and
idiom. We have often been astonished that any teachers should
expect favourable results from a plan so vicious. They seem to
suppose, that if the pupil does not speak English be must of ne.
eessity talk' French. The truth is, he speaks neither language,
but a miserable jargon compounded of both—the words French,
the idiom and pronunciation English. Like the youth in the
Dunciad, lie

"•
Spoils his own language, and acquires no more.' "
We have often been forcibly affected by the absurdity of
the practice so very general, of using the French language
in schools, and inflicting fines on all who shall be heard to
speak English. By thus barring out, by all possible pre- ,
ventives, the use of their mother tongue, the pupils, when
the period arrives that they are to enter the world, find to
their mortification that they are unable to write 's common
letter in their own language in any style be'ontl that of
of the most ordinary common place; and—which is still
worse—that their reasoning faculties never having been
properly exerted, in consequence of the difficulty of ex-
pressing themselves in the foreign language to which their
conversation has been exclusively confined, they are unable
to acquit themselves in argument with credit sufficient to
exempt them from the appearance of ignorance or of inca-
pacity.
In the infancy of their establishment, Messrs. Hill were
unfriendly to the practice of requiring exercises in orizrioal
czimpuition, concurring fully in opinion with Miss Edge- I
worth, that " no person should be expected to write unless
he has somethingto say ;" six years of additional experience
has, it seems, induced them to alter their sentiments on this
head, and they adduce, in a note (p. 202), some excellent
observations contained in the review of the first edition of
their " Plan of Public Education," in the London Magazine,
which confirm this change of opinion. The writer of the
article just adverted to makes the following very just re-
marks--

" The act of composition cannot, it is true, create thoughts in
a boy's head :mess they exist previously. On this consideratim
let all questions of general speculation be dismissed from school
exercises: especially questions of moral speculation, which usually
furnish the thesis of a school-boy's essay : let us have no more
themes on Justice—on Ambition—on Itenerolence--on the Love
of Fame, &c. for all theses such as these, which treat moral qua-
Utica as pure atriuctions, are stripped of their human interest;
and few edit... ven could write endurable upon Ruch subjects in
such a shape.. though many might have Written very pleasingly and
judiciously upon a moral eare-4.e. on a moral question in runcrelo.
Grant that a school-boy has no independent thoughts of any value,
yet every boy has thoughts dependent upon what he has read—
thoughts involved kit—thoughts derived from it; but these he
will tortmir parilatWiee more or less able to express, a, he ha,
been more or leu accustomed to express them. The unevolved
thoughts, which pass through the youngest, the rudest, the most
inexperienced brain, are innumerable not detached, voluntary
thoughts, but thoughts inherent in what is seen. talked of, expe-
rienced, or read of. To evolve these, to make them apprehensible
by others, and often even to bring them within their own coascious-
nes., is very difficult to most people, and at times to all people ;
and the power, by which this difficulty is conquered, admits of
endless culture; and, nmengst the modes of culture, is that of,
written composition. The true value of this exercise lies in the
necessity which it impose of forming distinct ideas—of connecting
them—of dispoving them into such an arrangement as that they, can
be connected—of clothing then: in words--and many more acts of
the mind, both nnalytic and synthetic. All that is neces,ary is—
to determine for tke young composer his choice of matter: require
him therefore to narrate at: interesting story which he has formerly
read—to rehearse the most Interesting particulars of a day's excur-
sion ; in the case of more advanced students, let them read one of
the English state trials, where the evidence is Of a complex cha-
racter (as the trials on Titus Oates's plot), of a critical dissertation
on some interesting question, et any thing, in short, which admits
of analysis—of abstractian--of expansion—or exhibition in an
altered shape. Subjects for all this re innumerable; and, ac-
cording to the selection made, more or less opportunity is given
for collecting valuable knowledge: but this purpose is collateral to
the one we are speaking of: the direct purpose is, to exercise the
mind In unravelling its own thoughts, which else lie huddled and
tangled together In a state unfit for use, end but dimly developed
to the possessor's own consciousness."—Lundon Mug., April and
May. 1924.
The importance of the subject to the general interests of
the country will be readily acknowledged, our wish to ex-
tend as widely as possible the great practical benefits to be
derived from the system of education which is here laid in
detail before the public, trould induce us to make many
extracts from it; did our columns permit. Happily, how-
ever, it has become so generally known as to make it little
' necessary for us to go into further illustration, either of its
excellence or its efficacy. We ought not to conclude with-
out adverting to the debt of gratitude ^ hich the science of
public education owes to the Chrestomathia of Mr.
Bentham.
INlAttyst.t.ocs.—"L'uvier, the celebrated French natu-
ralist is said to have dissected an insect, which, thong): but an
inch long, contained 494 pair of muscles, connected with as many
nerves, and 40.1109 antennse."Nere
We understand there is a mistake in this statement,
which should be amended thus: 4,19 L pair of muscles,
and 400,000 antenntc. Our informant, a gentlernnn of
extraordinary microscopic powers of vision, almost t qua!
to those of Curter himself, speaks from an actual knowledge
of the fact.

Priv ttrox Pex.—Two Oxonians dining together, one
of them noticing a spot of grease on the neckcloth of his
companion, said, " I see you are a Grecian."—" Pooh!"
said the other, " that's.thrlilched."—" No, iruiced," sa) s
the punster, " I made it on the spot."

THE FIRST 4N1111,41, REF:ORP'
• or Tile
BISIIOPSOATE DISTRICT COMMITTEE OF THE SO-
CIETY FOR PROMOTINU CHRISTIAN KNOW-
LEDGE.

ISSTABLISittO JANUARY 1621.1
If we felt inclined to repel theinvidious charge which
Edinbtires Revi: iv urged against ?the Bishop of Cites-
' ter, cf receiving tithes for a very sienier rnd inadequate
' return of labour, we should quote the full, tletisil as con-
' Wised iti the present, which is the first of the Hishopsgate4
street Committee of the Society for promoting Christian
knowledge, which owes its formation to his Lordship's
active philanthropy, and to the interests of which, as Pre-
sident and Treasurer, his attention ;end aid is unremitting,
and we would then ask the RevieWer to reconcile his slan-
der to some prjneiplts of consistency.
At the Fint Anniversary Meeting of the Subscribers andiFriends
of the Bishopegate Uistrict Committee ofithe Society for Promoting
Christian Knowledge, holden at the School-house, Peter-street,
Sun-street, on Wednesday, the ff.tit of March, 182.5, the Lord
Bishop of Chester, Rectot of St. Botolph'a, /110topsgat in the
chair, the following Resolutions Were ututrtimauslj• passed
On the motion of Sir William Blitard, seconded, by John Ban-
natyne, Esq.
That it appears b_y the Report just presented to thii Meeting,
that the labours of the BishopsoteD;vtrict Committee of the Society
for promoting Christian Knowledge tier the past year have been
eminently useful, in circulating among the poorer classes of tint
neighbourhood the Holy Scriptures, and other booki contatning
sound religious and fhoral instruction." •
the motion ofJ. D. Powles.i sq. seetinded by EI Salkeld, Esq.
" That the establishment of District Committees, or branches of • the tf,octsty for promoting Christian Knowledge, appears to be Si powerflll means of furthering and extending the imprittent tibject‘
of the Parent Society, by making those objects mope generally
known, by rooting an intercourse between the parochial clergy
and the liiq, and by presenting n point of union for the ftiettda of
sound retgion, and especially the members of the Eshiblithed
Church." t.' •
On the trot:on of Robert Cmesworth, Esq. kconded by Jobrt
Richards,
" That amorit other important advantages arising hoiti thr arta-
bllstnnent of &Strict committees, the communicatinti to filial it
leads with the poorer kjasses, on the subjl::l of their Aptiitusi wants.
deserves to be apeciallv•intorterated; and that on tittle and otLet
grounds the Bishoftsgate bit!arict Ctnntnittee of the Society for pr(....
'noting Christian Knowledge is entitled to the warm and continund
support of this meeting."
On the motion of John Bannatyne, Esq. seconded by Anhui
Clarke, Esq.
" That the thanks el this meeting be respectfully en:sewed tc
the Lord Bishop ofiChester, Rector of St. Botolph's, Bisliopsgate.
President and Treasurer of this Institution, fbr his continual atten-
tion to its interests."

I On the motion of John Richard's, Esq. seconded by J. D.
Powles, Esq.
That the thanks of this messing he preented to the Rev.
Richard Harvey, 111. A. Secretary of the Instattition, for his constant
and unwearied exertions in discharging the duties of that office."
We learn from the present Report that
" The Society for promoting Christian KnoWledge was first
formed in 11i99. It was Shortly afterwards divided into twc
branches, one of which, the Society for the Propagation of the
Gospel in Foreign Parts, having been Incorporated by Royal
Charter, undertook to provide for the spiritual instruction of the
British Colosies in North America; while the other .continued.
under its original name, to promote the cause of the Gospel, and
the growth of Christian knowledge, in everyway which gave reasons
able promise of success.
" The three departments of Christian charity, in which it hal
laboured for more than a century, are the education of the poor, the
maintenance of Christian missions abroad, and the distribution of
religious books, especially of the Holy ;seriptures, and the Liturgy
of the English Church. The establishment. of Parochial Charity
Schools in this kingdom is chiefly to be attribUted to the efforts of
this Society, before whom the Annual Meeting or the Clirrity
Children to the Metropolis is still holden in St. Paul a—one of thC
most affecting and not* spectacles which the Christian world can
present I This department of its Mohr, It has npw gladly trans:.
(erred to the National Society ; but still manifests its tender regard
for the cause of religious education, by furnishing at very reduced
prices, nod in some cases gratuitously, elementary booties of instruc-
tion to the various National Schools. These two excellent Socie-
ties are thus at the present moment imparting the blessings of a
religious education to more titan 300,000 children of the poor, in
of e titmice to that affectionate command of the Redeemer, ' Suffer
the little children to come unto me, and forbid them not.' May
the sphere of their usefulness, and their capacity of doing good be
still further enlarged, under the divine blessing, by the liberality of
the Christian public!
In the Intl:on empire of Great Britain the Society has not only
for many years supported active and laborious missionaries, but has .
bf late contributed 11,0001. towards the erection and endowment of
a College at Calcutta, where students may be regularly educated for
the work of preaching the gospel to the Hcathen. District (bar.
rnittees have been established, churches have been built, and schools
endowed in many parts of India, and the Scriptures and various re-
ligious books translated into the native languages. Under the MC
and siTerinientlenceof a Bishop and a regular ministry, the pork et
christianizing India has assumed a prom:sing aspect.
" The present numl,cr of subScrihere to the Society for prottcdul
Clwittian Knowledge is abort 15,000--S number sufficiently tarp:
to excite our gratitude and joy, yer not so great as to leave no room
for surprise or regret, when we consider how very small a portico
it is of those, whose sincere attachment to the cause or pure religion
cannot he doubted, and who are blessed by Providence *ith the
mains of doing good. But we are confident that, as this Society is
better known, it will be more liberrily supported. It has net
hitherto sought for notoriety lay forcing itself upon public atten4
ticrn ; but has trusted to the broadness of its cause, and to that sound
i sense and genuine piety, which sooner or later ore smite to diem-in:is
nate, and to love, that which is useful and good. An indisputaW4
Proof ot this position is, the liberality and zeal with which the inhas
bitants of thr Ward of Bishops,me stepped forward to pfomire the
objects of this Society, and to contribute to its support, when it wastor the tint time fairly and fully introduced to their notice. Within
a very limited, though populous district, no less a sum was contr'L
bitted than 230/.„ and our list of annual subscHbers amounts in
nearly one hundred and fifty. That the some, and et-en more
striking results would follow the institution of similar Committees
in the more extensive and populous districts of the metropolis, is a,
position which we would gladly see put to the test of experiment.-
—Rep. p. 11.
The measure of misery produced in society by that guilt
which is owing to the absence of religious knowktlge, and
consequently of religious habits, is not a scene over which
the attention of the wealthier classes in this country is art
to sleep. It is scarcely necessary to do more than to lead
the way, and to sltow to what purposes of great practical
'utility a Society may be instituted, and ;to exertions dim
rec.ed with effect, to insure a sufficient number of persons,
whose nctitt Co-operation may be relied upon. Anil w 8
feel assured, that when the public benefit arising from the
valuable labours of the EisAopegcte District Committer
shall become more extensively known in the metropolis. it
example-will not want followers. .

OTA EITAN CORON.4TI ON. t
This ceremony was performed In Otaheite on the 21st
of April, DM., on which occasion a great multitude di
persons' assembled froth all the surrounding islands. A
large stone platferin was built for the purpose, 63 feet by
.57, on the top of which the Royal platform was erected.
The members of the Royal Family, the Chiefs, the JuNes:
snit Magistrates, tegether with. the Deputation and the
Missionaries, juined in the procession, which was conducted
with great order.
During the ceremony the Assembly were tented eicOr&
ing to a prescribed arrangement, and presented a solemn
and interesting spectacle. The young King was seated on
his throne, in the centre of the platform, with a cartopf
over his head. On a table, immediately before him, wag
placed the crown, on the right side of which *as the
Bible, and the Code of Laws on the left; also the vessel
which contained the anointing cil. When the young
Kiiig was asked, Do you promise to govern
.yobt•
people in justice and in mercy, agreeable to the Word
,of God and these laws ?" he replied, ".I do, God
j being my helper." After the anointing, the eerier*
was placed upon his head by Mr. Non," saying, "Pe:
mare, I crown thee King, of OtAheite, Eimeo," &c.
he then pronounced a benediction to the following eitect:—:
May G.AI grant you prosperity, h.alth, and length of days.
and „race to rule in righteousness, and in the fear of thit
Lord ; after which Mr. Darling addressed his Majesty
follows:—" King Pomare, we present to your Majesty thie.
book, the most valuable thing in tile world. Here is wis-:
dom. This is royal law. Ilere are the lively oracles of
j God. Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the
words of the book, end keep, and do the things contained
in it, for these are the words of eternal life, able to make
yon wise and happy in this world, nay, Wise unto salva-
j tion, and so, happy for evermore, throegh faith in Jesus
Christ, to whom be glory for ever. Amen."
After the coronation, the assembly proceeded to the
Royal Chapel, to attend divine worship.
' Mr. Nott and Mr. Darling ere missionaries.

A Pot ITTCAL WORK or 6-11:AT
Stl'lMl IT Parliament
.thr 1825 it h the press. This Work will
contain a careful estimnte of all the Parliamentary parties and inte-
rests. the 'mite of Irthmtl, the Cntholie QiiestiOn, and the whole'
business of the Session, in:hiding the Docinnents laid tiefine hewn
Houses, and *hornets of the most Interesting Repoms of Commit..
tees; togra'crw th a list of Rll the Members of both Houses, awl at
statement 0: th it principles, powers, and votes Open important
questions. '1 he 1% or% will thus answer all the purposes of a vieer
of parties. or Ilistory of the Session, an Index to its Acta, and la
Elector's Guide in the ermt of Parliament being &Hahn& 'lh
' propose to continue the Work annually.

71E1

I

I.AW INTELLIG RATE.
'COURT OF CHANCERY, TUESIAT, JULY 12.
POWILL r. MOUCIJITT.
POT. AGAR wished to know whether his Lordship bad brought
dun the minutes in this cue.
Lo ISDSHIP said they were ready, and he would bring them
witlttim to-morrow.
Mt. AGAR laid, it was most important to the parties to have
theta.
Mt. ?loupe thought it perhaps should be slated, that the Court
of fillsgates hod affirmed the former jade-mem in this ease.
Mr. A.an lidded. that the afkunation was so unsatisfactory, that
it was handed to apply for a commission of review.
Roseau r. CARRION.
His LORDSHIP steed, in addition to what he had already said,
that he was quite clearly of epinioa Mr. Lowe's client could not go
ors with an action at law.
. J4e. Lows—Then what does your lordship do respecting the
mow° for an injunction ?
fits Laguna tr—The injunction Was in effect granted, though
n edition up, but it is quite clew that after a decree In a cause for
the -chair:button of assets, a creditor cannot procettl at law, and
before the injunction must be drawn up if necessary.
Lower—Put my client is a bond creditor, who has actually
conimereed his action, and, I think, who ought to be allowed to
eras
toitositte—No, your best way will be to apply for leave
to Ronk before the Master to prove your debt.
Mr. /vow r —Yee ; but I shatl get nothing if I were to go before
the Matter.
'life Loutorieep—l cannot help that; after the decree his been
Heil:sauced, which has been drawn up in this case, you can't go on
ar MIL
Ms. Lowe—But if that decree is all a sham, which I can show
it to be—
His LORDSHIP—Mr. Lowe, I cannot hear von state that.
31r. Lowe—O, very well. And, with a significant nod, Mr.
Lowe retired.
orionox v. GORDON.
jfis LOIDSHIP will bring down the papers in this case to-mor-
• land give judgment on It,
• r. Honor. on the pan of the defendant, requested leave to
up an affidavit, which his client hid by mistake left out of
the itnperi Mitch had been handed to the Court.
Mr, HEALD objected to this • it was impossible, he thought,
that causes could ever be disposedl of, if parties were to continue
front tune to time handing up new papers.
Me. lioawc denied that he was offering to hand up any new
• PM; it was an affidavit which had been sworn before the present.
tog of the petition.
His LORDSHIP thought he might receive it, and wished Mr.
IlJnee to bring it into Court to-morrow. His Lordship wished the
parties to take this case to the House of Lords, if they were or
thoadd be dissatisfied with the final judgment of this Court ; and if
they should do that, he would take care that any thing that should
psis there should not be at all prejudiced by his presence, for he
would sot attend at the hearing.

OFFICIAL ORDER.
Lord Chancellor,
I lth July, 1825, in the 6th year of the reign of I,is
Majesty Kiag George IV.
Whereas Mr. Hart, on behalf of the suitors of this Court, this
alay informed this Conn, that it was proper the accounts kept by
tire Accountant-General of this Mutt should be examined and com-

pared, in order to settle the ARM% and thst it would require con-
siderably time to retreat such examination, end prayed that a
• rum...might be appointed for dosing the books of account of the said
Accountant-General for the purposes aforesaid. It is ordered that
• the bucks of the Acrenntant•Gerreral he shnt from the 27th day of
-August next, to the first General Seal before Michaelmas Term
rcxt ensuing. in order to adjust the lerntlll3 of the suitors with the
books kept at the Bank, and that during that time no draft for any
money, or certificate for any effects under the care and direction of
this Carat, be signed or delivered out by the said Accountant
General, or any socks or any annuities be accepted or transferred
by him, relating to the suitors of this Court ; and that no purchase,
Ws, or transfer be made by the said Accountant-General, unless
Reorder, request, or Register's certificate be left at his office on
erbefere the 10th day of August next, and that no order for the
t of any money out of cash which;Court
nay
then be in the
• =red at the Accountant-General's office, after the 23d day of
Allgust next, and to the end that suitors may have notice thereof,
and Imply to this Court, as there shall be oecasion, to have money'
paid to them oast of the Bank, er Stocks, or Anntrities transferred
,other, brfore tke lith day of August next. It is ordered that
this order be affixt.l up in the several offices belonging to this
Court.

COURT OF KING'S BENCE', Tummy, JULY 12.
Wore Nye LORD CnIET JUSTICE and a Special flay.]

GALLOWAY V. aositison AND MILL!.
This was a Special Jury case, but only three Special Jurors
being In attendance. a tales was prayed, and the others of the Jury
were made up from the Common Jury list.
Ile. Currre opened the pleadings, and stated, this was an action
for the price of work done by the plaintiff, for the defendants.
Mr. flaritionatz stated. that 'tie. Galloway was an eminent
engineer, residing in Smithfield, the defendant, who lived in Bun-
hill-mw, were manufacturers of sundry fancy articles ; and bad
ordered from the plaintiff • steam engine, which they slid they,
did riot want for a longer period than twelve months; and they,
therefore, revired it on very low terms. An agreement was made
f 0 the machine, at 3001. and it was to he ready on the _nth July,
.1324. It was a condensing engine of three horse power ; an.l when
made, it was as reflect a machine as had ever been made in any
manufactory. To say, that Alr. Galloway could not make a steam
engine land he understood some such defence was to be set up)
wag fis say, that Mr. Harrison could not make a time-piece, or
that his Lordship was unable to try a cause. They afterwards
added the driving apparatus, at 1301. which was still in use. The
defendants, it appeared, were perfectly satisfied with Mr. Galloway,
until a Mr. Topham interfered, and pointed out to them that •
three-hem power engine was greater than they required. A
watchmaker, a neighbour of the defendants, had objected to the use
of the-engine, on the ground that it made the part .wall quiver,
although a cart passing along the street would produce the same
erect. They aubnequently get a two-horse power engine, which
certainly did not make the wall vibrate, because the power was to
much less. The defendant then wished to avoid paying Mr. Gal-
loway, and proposed a meeting of two engineers of their choosing
with two of his. The plaintiff had no objection to this, but then
the notice came from the defendants too late for him to camply
with it. It was Impossible for any engineer to say whether or riot
the engine wculd work well until it hail been tried.. it might,
however, be easily put out of order. If moved the 90th part of
a ban, the most perfect engine was the most easily injured. They
had afterwards called in other engineers ; but in the mean time
they had injured it by their mismanagement..
)1 suggestion was here made by the Lord Chief Justice, that
she muse might be settled out of Court.
This was refused on the part of the defendants.
Mr. 81101104144111 then proceeded to say, that there was no one
to °pm:am Mr. Galloway, but • professor, who knew nothing of
• practical engines. The engine in question was so perfect, that it
made more strokes in • given time than it was calculated to do.
They had kept the driving machinery of Sir. Galloway, and he
Wald rot understand how they had the face to defend the action.
The agreement botween the parties was then put in and reed.
Mr. John Galloway, son of the plaintiff, proved the agreement
between his father and the defendants, and the nature of the engine
required by them. Mr. Galloway, on visiting the premiras, aug.
gated the node of putting it up. Mr. Mills afterwards objected'
eosins mode, and the engine was put up on his own plan, Mr.
Mills thus taking the responsibility on himself. A well and a re-
servoir were then sunk. The reservoir was for the receptinr: or the
candersed steam, and tt was so close to the well, that the warm
meter il-aineel into the well, and prevented the cold water from pro.
Apt% a perfect condensation. He saw the engine put up, and It
walled to his satisfaction.
Cross.examined—Thc engine was mad: under his direction, and
he had see:, perhaps twenty made. lie was 22 years old, and had
attended to the business at IS. He began to superintend the ma-
torture at :he age of 19. The engine was put up on the Dith of
Amin, an..l certainly was complained of on or about the 11th of May.
Tliairomplaint was of the vibration of the wall, and not about the
injection-pump. No complaint was made of the float. The engine
wasworking es perfectly as it could be expevell to it ; lie left it
iMII/M I lete.
• Re-exsrnined —There wee a deficiency of water in the well fur
def.!, w-ri. Ile had preyiotraly superintended fire or six steam-
enaires
frbomas range, a jou:Tern:tr. in the employ of Mr. Gallowa,
aen. to :.,,j,tst the machitiery. Ile had been an engineer feeLe
was pia up and had been walked, the dot.
,eve been satisfied with it if they had never
lad hetisid no complaint against it, except
vibrations it created ; but he had found
as much.

Mr. dalloway's pattern-maker. Had
wo6ld not answet unless taken down and

j:lan, had been working for 31r. Gino-
been to adjust the engioe in question, and
good one.
,ew that complaints had been made, ard
rktnen to make alterations in the tn.

iher of the plaintiff's sons, had heard the
,Mwtions caused by the engine, and had
none. This was the only complaint he
loliinson make. The engineer of the
mill's, and brought the hot-water pomp.
had been broken. This could not !tare

(away, refusing to become answerable if
the engine, wan then put in and read.
. present alien Donkin and Lloyd era-
reeollecied that on the 6th of July they said
r satisfied with the engine.
ftweitax, for the defendants, said he was
cor.clusron Of the cases There had been no en.
• evidence, and this was an extraordinary rir.
rintanta were manufacturers of a temporary
engine to be completed as soon as possible,
the advantages of the engine. Mr. Galloway
engine In 30 days, or on the 26th of March.
pants of great importance, as it was in the
The whole was to be read! and in a work-
's( April, 1226, It was tar the interest of
to Alto sitslas, as they had more orders
But the unsslate• Was net completed in

r l?~

-

time ; and when it was finished, and several alterations were netes-
salty, Mr. Galloway did not condescend to come upon the premises
shove once. Ile should prove in evidence that the engine was rot
in a state tit to be used immediately alter its being up. He was
aware that the objertion as to time had been waved, the defendant'
having been dextrous to give air. Galloway every opportunity to
perfect his work ; and this was one proof that they had no alai to
, get rid of the machine. Ott the fith of July, finding that the en-
gine would not work, the defendant, sent for Mr. Dunkin and Mr.
Lloyd to inspect it; and two more able or more honourable men in
their profession it would be impossible to find. They raid it was
defective. and pointed out their objections to Mr. Gallowav, who
undertook to make the required al•erations. The defendama thus
allowed the olatntiff time to remedy all defects. The plaintiff then
undertook to complete the work by she 17th of July., and he made
over and oven again several alterations in it. Ott the 3d of August
the engineers **ado saw the engine, and declared it to be as !miter.
feet as it was before, so touch no that it would not do any work.
His clients had tot touched the engine until this period, and con-
sequently a great loss had been sitatained by them. The defendants
had given notice to the plaintif to remove and take back the en-
gine, but he had refused so to do. Under those circumstances he
WAS satisfied that the Jury would return a verdict for his clients,
notwithstanding the confidence expressed by his Learned Brother
(Mr. Brougham).
FOR THE DEFENCE.
Mr. Bryan Donkin examined by Mr. SC•RLITT.—I am an en.
gineer ; I attended at the defendants' on the 6th July, in company
with Mr. Lloyd. Mr. Galloway was there. I found several parts
of the engine defective. 1 found the steam cylinder was not parallel,
the steer(' escaping at one end and not at the other ; the piston rods
worked very touch out ; the steam slides worked badly, and al.
lowed steam to pass; the water-way was too small. The engine
was not in a state tit for use on the fith July ; but it could have
been altered so as to have been made use of ; the steam cylinder
must have been taken out and rebored. I inaveyed the engine
again on the 3d of the following August ; Mr. Lloyd was then
with me; Profeesor Millington was present. The engine WAS not
then complee ; the parallel motion was as much out of adjostmeut
as when first 1 saw it. The cylinder and the slides appeared not
to have been altered ; the rinks are most essential. The stuffing
box of the air pump permitted both air and water to pats. Iti con-
sequerce of the vibration of the frame, I was led to examine the
cause of it, and I found a want of parallel between the rotatory
shaft and the working beam. We supposed that to be the cause of
the vibratory motion of the machine. We came to the same con_
! elusion as we did before, and in my opinion the engine on the 3d
of August was not tit for use. I do not apprehend the engine
would have stopped, but it would have worked to great disadvan.
age, and not up to the full power. When the engine was subse-
quently takes down, 1 examined it, and found that some of the
parts were not well put together.
Cross-examined by Mr. )laouniiiim-1 never, myself, made
a compleresteam-engine. Alt. Galloway won rot present on the
13d of /Unmet when I examined the machine. I was once intimate
with Mr. Galloway, tat have had very little intercourse with him
'of late. I say the parallel motion was out of adjustment, but that
adjustmeet could be easily put out; the loss of a single screw
would he sufficient to do this ; or the alteration of any of the keys
would do it in • moment. It might be re-adjes:Al almost in as
short a time. I obverted t! bolls of the governor in the second in-
vestigation, they were not oi.t of order. The defer in the piston rod
was the consequence of the want of adjustment of the parallel mo-
tion. That want of paealieliani could be easily caused, and as easily
adjusted. The piston rod goes through the stufliog ball and thus
works. This ball could be easily and at small 'expense adjusted.
so as to make it air and water tight. The gover. or was intended
to :newer a particular purpose in the engine, which purpoee,.with
such a governor, could not be answered. The expense oh repining
it would be twenty shillings. In March last, I measured the
cylinder roughly, to ascertain whether or not it wanted parallelism ;
one diameter ems nearly the Ifith elan inch larger than the other.
It was rusty when I saw its I did rot ascertain the temperature of
the well ; Loot. in my opinion, thot temtierature could not have oc-
casioned a degree of heat su high as 120 degrees. I done: know
the nature of the rigitic [since procured by M:.. Wells. I do not
know that it cost las than the one he was to have purchased front
Alr. Galloway.
Mr. Lloyd examined by Mr. COM rat.—l have been for thirty
years an engineer. I examined the engine in question with Mr.
Donkin on the 6 h July. It appeared to me to be very imperfect,
and that imperfection went nearly through the whole of it. The
witness then corroborated the testimony of Mr. Dunkin as to the
investigation of the engine on the 6th of July, and also on the 3d
of August.

Cross-examined—l agree with Mr. Donkin in the answets given
by him en bin cross.examinmion.
Mr. Field, partner in the house of Manseley and Co., engineers,
examined by the ATTonxEr-GErtr.nai...--1 am accustomed to
examine steam-engines. I examined the engine in question when'
it was taken down, and it was very defective. The most glaring'
defect war in the slide valve, which in one of the most important
parts of the engine. The consequence of this defect war to waste
the steam, and to neutralize itr effect on the piston ; by neutralizing
I mean destroying. I have been acquainted with steam-engines for
nearly twenty years. Therz were other defers in the engine, but
this was the greatest. The condneting pipe from the cylinder into
the condenser was too small ; this defect would show itself by the
condensed water becoming too hot. I should imagine the tempe-
rature to be therefore 120 degrees. Ily degrees the temperature
might reach In the heat of boiling water, and then it could condenre
no longer. The ordinary temperature of water in the well is about
60. 1 met some engineers from 31r. Galloway at the inspection of
the engine.
Cana-exami:-...d-11e did Oot knew that those engineers belonged
to Mr. Galloway, but he had reason to believe they did. The con-
deLsa.ron water ahould not have been 120 degrees ; it is generally
113. I should not think an engine in a gond state when it was so
high as 105. I never saw the engine at work. The engine might
have been altered so Dr to prevent the circulation of the seam, for
2W. I allude to the defect in the slider. I knew Mr. Galloway
formerlr, but do not know him now. Ile once passe] an unfavour-
able cptnion on a work of mine; it was on a steam-boat, and 31r.
Galloway was then Chairman of the Engineer Company.
Re-examined—he did rot know what that unfavourable opinion
war, and never could find out.

Mr. Topham. an engineer. examined—Snw the engine in ques-
tion in June, 1024. The engine was not at that period capable or
being used for a long time together.
Cross-examined—Mr. Mills came to witness's manufactory in
the month of June, ■nd wanted an engine soon. Mr. Mills then
said if he could get an engine limn witness he would return Mr.
Galloway's. 'Witness recommended him to send for Mr. Galloway
first, enui endeavour to get the engine altered. Mr. Mills said he
wanted an engine to go quietly, because the one he had annoyed
his neighbour the watchmaker.

Alexander Macdonald 11 in the employ of Messrs. Mills and
Robinson. On the 14th May the engine would not work, because
water enough could not be got Boot the pump• Mr. Galloway then
took away the pump, and made another. The engine then some-
times worked for 20 minutes, and then got so hot that it would not
go any longer. Complaints were made to Mr. Galloway, and hit
workmen came from time to time to make alterations. la August
Mr. Donkin and Mr. Lloyd examined the engine. He had worked
the engine before Mr. Donkin came, but could not make any oxen'.
it after the workmen of Mr. Galloway had taken away their tools.
Mr. Mills snit Mr. Robinson nevcr could use it. Witness had
been accustomed to steam-engines all his life. The engine was
taken down shoot a month after the second visit of the engineers,
:Nears. Donkin and Lloyd.

George Serie was examined to prove that he served Mr. Galloway
with a notice from Messrs. Mills and Robinson to take back the
engine after it had b•-en condemned by the engineers, Messrs. Don.
kin and Lloyd. (The notice enclosed a copy of their Report.)
Mr. Raoul:fluor, in reply, said that the engine had been ex.
rinsed to the a•vereat scrutiny of very efficient persons: one of
whom had been formerly a friend of Mr. Galloway, but was so no
longer: and anot':er, whose work had been at one time condemned
by Mr. Galloway, now came forward in return to condemn his.
But, after all this pitiless pelting, the case stood exactly on the
same footing as it did when he placed it in the hands of the Jury,
and nothing was left for him to do but to remind them of the sort of
attempt that had been made to get rid of a fair and just bargain,
and of the motives which had led to that attempt. The Jury would
recollect how ensy a matter it was for any person, and how much
more such a person as Alexander Macdonald, to put out of order
any steam.engine. flow the defects arose he could not possibly
say, but it was evident that the objections to the engine arose fiom
cavilling in order to get rid of the payment for this three-horse.
power et give, and to get one of a two-horse-power, which would
have answered equally well.

. -
The Loon evigr Jusrfcr, in summing up the evidence,
stated, that the question for the Jury to inquire into was, whether
on the 24th July, 1824, when Mr. Galloway took off his workmen
from the engine, that engine was in a state tit to be worked and to
perform lie duties. If such were the opinion of the Jury, a verdic
must be found for the plaintiff: but if they entertained a contrary
opinion, they would of course find for the defendants.

The JIITv mired to deliberate on their verdict, and, after having
been ab.ect for about an hour, returned with a verdict for the plain-
nif—Damages 3001. in addition to the 1001. already received.

A most diabolical murder was committed at Nottingham,
on Saturday setinight, about eleven o'clock. A female of the
name of klary Austin, a married woman, and who had resided at
Leicester with her husband, by whom she had two children, in
consequence of some disagreement, left him some time ago, and
went to Nottingham, where she took lodging,' on the river Beek
side, opposite Snow.hill ; in an adjoining apartment lived one
Thomas Dewey. a framework-knitter, together with bin wife. It'
RI.:111‘ that a criminal connexion took place betwixt Dewey and
Mary Austin; site had one child by him, and wan pregnant of
another. Ore of het sons, by her husband, wan apprenticed at
Nottingham, but absconding from his master, lie was taken and
lodged in the Howe of Correction ; thin eirtnnistance induced'
Austin to go in Leicester, in order to prevail with her honhonil to
return to Nottingham to effect the lad's liberation, which he did,
and they both travelled by the Leicester coach on Saturday evcn-
lug. '1 he unfortunate woman went nhortly after to her lodgings,
where she mer with Dewey, who shook her by the hand, gave her a
kiss, and int. • - - - ' • • •

POLICE.
INTERESTING POVERTY.
MaxstoN Ilottax.—A young man front Edinburgh, together
with his wife and child, was brought before the Loan MAYOR,
charged by Mr. Duncan Campbell, the owner of the Kink's (lead
public-house, Tower-street, with having obtained lodging, &c. to
the amount of 10a. without being able to pay a farthing.
The defendant had on a frock coat which was moat fantastically
braided in the front, a Highland closk, a pasteboard cap, and he
held in his hand a little worst-basket, which he acknowledged eon-
rained his own, his wife's, and his child's wardrobe, to the very ut-
most article.
The complainant's atitement was to the following effect :—He
I had been frequently cheated by well-dressed persons, who ate, and
!drank, and slept in his house, and who went out early in the morn-
ing on pretence of getting money or a cheek. Ile was therefore on
his pied, and resolved, for the benefit of the body of which he was
a member. to bring the first defaulter he found before the Lord
Mayor. The defendant, on Saturday, accompanied by his wife and
child, entered the house, called for some rum and water, and a bed,
upon being asked to pay for which, he said rather haughtily he
would settle the reckoning next morning. The next morning ar-
rived without enabling the defendant to pay. He went out without
leaving any money with his poor wife, who had the child at her
breast, and returned at night with as little ammunition. Theland-
lady, however, finding that neither wife nor child was supplied
with the means of existence, sent up some meat and porter, and
insisted that it should be used. Monday morning came, and the
defendant, who had ten shillings to pay, was walking nut without
settling the account, when the landlord, who apprehended that he
was about to be burdened with the wife and child by the desertion'
of the father. called to a constable, and had the whole family con-1
ducted before the Lord Mayer.
His Lordship very soon perceived that however strong appear-I
totem might be against the poor Scotchman, there was no ground
fur supposing that he was experienced in the art of swindling.
He had, he said, a small annuity, upon which he and his wife
had lived in France, but as that country was now as expensive as
any other, he found it necessary to leave it, and came to London
with the view of making his way to Scotland, for which purpose he
had called upon a brother naval officer to borrow the means, as lie
was without a farthing in the world. He was disappointed, his
friend being out of town, and was therefore unable to pay his land-
lord ; but he had lived as economically as nature would permit, and
he hoped to be able to borrow the amount of the bill, which he
should pay with thank* His grandfather was., he said, Comptrollnr
of a very high office in Edinburgh, but the distance prevented im-
mediate relief.. .He had offered his cloak in payment of the bill ;
it wu worth twice as Much, but the landlord refused to take it.
3lr. Campbell WA his object was to ascertain whether lie teas
;dealing with a swindler t as to the amount of the bill, he thought
' nothing of it ins cite of distress.
The Loan Maroa. asked several questions, the answers to
which convinced him that the nnfortunate defendant and his family
were real objects of charity. His Lordship then inquired of the
Scotehman ;rite he wore so fashionable and extreordit ary a coat?
Ile replied that every one wore a coat ornamented in that manner
in France. Upon turning round, however, to show that if was rot
exactly such a one as a man who was able to pay his bill would
be likely to wear, lie exhibited a deplorable contrast in the thread-
bare condition of the hack and skittle.
The Loan Matroa—Mr. Duncan Campbell, you see that the
defend an! is .4 dis re,seil man. Now lam sure you will have no
objection to reduce his bill.
Mr. Campbell—Reduce it, my Lord ! I don't want it. I'll not
take a farthing of it.
Defendant—l ant not able to pay you now, but I think I can
borrow the money before I go away, and I'll pay you all as sure as
I live.
The LORD MAYOR said, the landlord was an ornament to his
calling, and that his good feeling should be gratified by excusing
his poor lodger one-half.
his Lonnsiere insisted that the publican should talc:: from him-
self five shillings. 'Phu money wis very reluctantly received. His
Lordship then handed over to the defendant, nut ails purse, as
much money as will defray the whole of the expenses of the family '
to Edinburgh. The poor Scotehman received the money with
astonishment. lie uttered not a word, but burst into tears.
The cue was, in all its circumstances, one of the most interesting
that ever occurred here, as it exhibited a sort of competition in cha-.
rity between two persons in very different stations in life.

icatrie mode, and the engoie
Mills thus taking the responai
serveir were then sunk. The
candersed steam, and It was
tame drained into the well, an
dam* a perfect condensation.
/when to his satisfaction.
Cmstu.essmined—Theengit
be had see% perhaps twenty at
attendrd to the businest at 13.
ill &Mute et the age of 19. 1
April. and certainly was comp
Tleirenrtiplalnt wee of the sib
Iw in;estroc•pump. Na complain
war working as perfectly as it t
gum; Jett.
•th sm nettil —There was a
• lle had previous
englres.
Thomas Rage, a jouenern.
was km to adjust the machine
rms. Aft: r the engine was t
ferniants tut/ they should have
soweaaother engine. He hid
frost:age: watchmaker, of the sib
that a carriage passing caused
Cross-examined—He was 9
never said that the engine woi
lfteetwoad, a jettmer:h
way fair years. He hail been
the engine was a perfectly goo
Coass-cestnined—lle knew
that 1117. 021101141 lent work
111 n'e•
114C1131"1 Galloway. another
defendant. roorplain of v;ltrin
examine:l hot. had found non
bad he:vil the evfendart ftt.
deft: Marrs C.7.'ilf! to the pleinti
or ref rho Ai7:ws of "thick is
bees cams- by fair means.
A litttr trout 91r. Gallowa
the deter.:aars trilled with tilt
Cross. arint'ned—Was pre
• Boned the engine, and retolle
shells:ere mmt perfectit satisfit
ATTORNEY-Or/Mt
surprised at such a cor.elwoor
smears called In give evident
ousitetenee. 'the defendants
welsh, and wished the engine
or they might inse all the ad"
undertook to make the engine
Tads was to the defendants a
-active part of the year. The
it:wen:niftier, by the 6.b of A
thydefendanta not to object t.
AM they could elltaltr. Ut
1111