The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1808-12-05 00:00:00

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TZAR RELIGION, and of • elesith • 118 •Cesseelei
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,_ •
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A' ACCOUNT or thy DISEASES •niost tu-
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say on X orsioa, with a cornettist view to ivigisto brought all .
by 'sand. Ry tic late George Annetnitig, S.D. A Kir Lii•
tun, with mazy additional Notes.
By A. P: BUCHAN, K.D. •
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GA

r. CADELL and W. DAVIES
:NEWS REMEMBRA

:cEd

1. THROUGHOUT the YEAR ; exhibiting the newest
and most improved methods of inanunag, digging, sow.
mu, planting. praising, mid tanning the satare of earth,
wat• r, heat, a.r, and climate, hest idaptcd fur the culture of
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with meal Sof land cure. To which is prefixed., a
• 'View of

_prereotloo sea
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110C1010 LW, NOT. 2I .

We have not received any intelligence from our
armies in Finland nod Noroay, and must tlwrefore
suppose, that since the last battle of Idensalmi, no

operations of any importance have taken place.
Letters from Marseilles state, that King Charles
11. of Spain hos actually proceeded to Nice. lie
was accompanied by the Queen, the young Infant,
a•ed the Prince of Peace and his Lady, and escorted
by a numerous Guard of Honour, composed of
Gras trArnses. One of the largest lintels in Aix
was hired for the reception of the illustrious tra-
vellers, who will pass the winter in Nice.
A (:entletnan lately front Switzerland, states, that
fie constitution of that 'smithy is to undergo a toy
i .iportant change ; the plan of the new constitu-
tion is said to have been discussed and settled at
the meeting in Erfurt. All the different cautons
Oft to have the lame form of government, and a
certain celebrated General is to be at the heed of
thei r confederative system.
In cooserpience of leave lately baring been given
by the Ottoman Porte to Austrian ships to enter
the Black See, 2,s'ships are expected nt Constan-
tinople, from Trieste, with rich cargoes of niaiiufne-
t tire% uud 'Aber goods.
Doctor Gustavus has bum appointed by the
Prince Regent of Portugal, his Cot..sed-General in

Sweden, and acknowledged us such by our Cioveru-
sucat.-IStockholm Casette, Nov. 214

LONDON,
111.0NDAY, DVESIBER s.
A Gettenburgh Mail strived, yesterday, with let-
ters and papers from Stockholm, to the 22c1 last.—
They contain no account of the military operations
in Finland, subsequent to the action which imme-
diately followed the ruirture of the armistice, in
which it is said the Swedes obtained a decisive sic-
Wry. Letters from Marseilles state, that King
CHARLES IV. of SPAIN, his QUERN. the INFARt,
with the Prince of Peace, and his wife, are to pas
the winter at Nice, in the South of France. A
new constutioa for Switzerland is said to have
bees arnieged in the conferences at Erfurt. All
the Candoec,are to have one and the same form of
Government, with a French General at the heatkof
the system.
Saturday morning La Loire, Capt. Sallowest°,
sailed from Portsmouth forCoretina, with 2,200,000
dollars oil board, for the service of the Patrint, and
with merchants' money for Cadiz, and dispatches
for Mr. DUFF, the Consul. M. ADLERBLHG, the
Swedish Minister to the Supreme Junta, and suite,
went in her.

The Niobe, Capt. Louts°, having taken on
board Lord JOHN FITZROY, and Mr. POLE, Se-
cretary to the Hon. W. I'm seas, Ambassador to
Portugal, sailed on Saturday from Portsmouth for
Falmouth, where Mr. VILLIERS embarks for
Lisbon.

A Royal Decree, addressed by the Supreme
Governing Junta of the of Spain, to the
Councils, has been published. A copy of it is
gmen in our subsequent columns. It concludes
with a declaration, that the Junta " have taken
the oath, in the most solemn manner, not to listen
or accept any proposal for peace, sinless their be-
loved Sovarogu, FLUDINANU VII. be restored to
his Throne. and Ulliebd the absolute integrity of
Spain and I. r Americas be stipulated as an indis-
pensable condition, without the dismemberment of
tiny time smallest portion of her territory."

The oceounts received by different ships froni
C, onions, dawn to the 27th of November, and
those which are arrived by the Messenger from
Madrid, dawn to the 19th, however important in
their nature, and interesting in their contents,
afford us, nevertheless, no solid ground on which
to form any decisive conclusions. The inaccuracy
and ambiguity which characterise name of these
details; the total silence, or uncertain rumours,
from other parts of the settle of war; and the
want of me each authentic document or publica-
tion, on the part of our Government, as might lay
claim to implicit belief; all those circumstances
compel us to advance with caution, to hazard few
opinions, and to indulge still fewer conjectures.—
Unlike the campaigns against Austria and Prussia,
where the contest was, in a great toessure, decided
by a siugle battle between two vast regular armies,
and where the invader, like the Macedonian Con-
queror in antiquity, led on or directed the attack
in person, another species of warfare is carrying on
beyond the Pyrenees. From the banks of the
Ebro, to those of the Douro and the Minim, not
even to location or to include Catalonia, front Tu-
dela and Culailorra, to Salamanca and Astorga, a
space of more than two hundred miles; these oper-
ations are in active progress. Yet, of the personal
appearance or existence of Bouarawre him►elf, of
that leader who hitherto was accustomed, on these
e‘entful occasions, when Princes and States were
extinguished or crushed by his arm, to—
•. Ride Is the eheritrind, mid direct the storm ;^

of him so conspicuous at Austerlitz, and at Auer-
stadt, we hardly know, hear, or can assert ally
thing. We are assured, that Mr. FnEsie, in his
dispatches from Aranjuez, and from Madrid, which
are dated the 18th and 19th of last mow* eda
dressed to the Government here. declares, that it
wits matter of great doubt and uncertainty where
N4PoI.LON then was in person. ittoria, Irun. on
the Bidasana, and Burgos, had all been named, but
without proof. It is not difficult to exploits the
reason of a conduct so unlike that which he ob-
served in Germany. He justly dreads the venge-
ance of a nation, whose wrongs would justify the
most violent and personal triodes of retaliation, and
among whom reli4ieuti, as well ne civil and poli-
tical enthusiasm, may impel to sets of despera-
t. .

Relative to the army of BLAKE, which, from its
local position near the coast, possesses the greatest
facility of transmitting inforination of its move-,
silents, we possess some means of forming an opi-
nion. That the troops, or levies, under that active
and gallant Commander, have been worsted, de-
feated, and reduced to retire into Asturia, is evi-
dent: that they may be shircn farther back into
Leon, is not altogether improbable; but neither
'the General nor the boidiery, though beaten, are,
on that account, :sninhilated. Their spirit, loyalty,
and patriotism, remain iinsubdued. Except the
single battalion of ritietneit, who were surrounded
ut Lerin, and who surrendered, after a mo►t
olnti-
nate resistance to an io►men.e disparity of force, we
find few prisoners any where taken by the French.
NAPOLEON is tvitl.:attfy evti;ed to this ',sine sue.

cies of contest which Great Britain waged its Asa,-
ties, under HOPE and Cuterox ; where an armed
population defended their owit hearths, and moun-
tains, and fastnesses. Against such an enemy, the
most superior tactics may fail, and the most bril-
liant victories may not tend to permanent success,
or to subjugation.
It is not, however, possible to contemplate the
position, the condition, and She distance of the two
armies, under MOORE and BAIRD. from each other,
as far as the most recent information entailer us to
judge, without experiencing the greatest anxiety,
and even alarm. That BONAPARTE will, At almost
every hazard, endeavour to push forward through
the kingdom of Leon to Benevente, to prevent
their junction, end either to attack them in detail,
or to compel titni to retreat into Portugal and
Gallicia," we are fully warranted in beliering, from
our knowledge of his ammeter. prmuittitiide and
decision. That such a plan may be crowned with
complete success, is even too probable. But, we
believe, that as late as the 20th of November,
no French troops had occupied Benevente, though
a body of cavalry appeared within four leagues of
the place on the day preceding, the 19th. Mr.
Fasan's courier passed through Beneveute, on his
way from Madrid to Corunna, without seeing any
French.

It must be admitted, that the Convention of
antra, by coailielling our army to march through
Spain, instead of transporting them by sea to the
scene of action ; and the error or incapacity of our
Nlinistry, by rending &molt, Comma, instead
of St. Andero, have opened a field for possible
triumph to NAPOLEON, which his own talents,
vast as they are, could never have achieved or ef-
fected. It is not so much to the Ebro, or to As-
toria ; it is not to PALAFOX. 10 CA6TANOs, or to
BLAKE, that we look with so much apprehension
or anxiety, as to our own dissevered forces, emerg-
ing from the impervious reads of Gallicia and Entre-
mnium, extenuated, 'contending with fatigue, fa-
mine, and sickness, perhaps unable be unite, and
necessitated to seek fur safety in flight. The anti-
cipation is most painful, and we trust that it will
not he realized.

The positive facts upon which we can, therefore.
reason, though disastrous, are few, and seem to
be confined to the army under BLAKE, now joined
by the tioops of the 'Marquis DE ROMANI. Against
them, it is clear, that the French have been suc-
cessful, and have. driven them from the vicinity of
Billion, into the Pm:ince of Austuria ; occupying,
on one Mind, the coast, together with St. Anders
and Sant/ilia ; on the other. entering Burgos, and
pushing their advanced corps to Valladolid. That
these events are most unfortunate, it is impossible
to deny ; but we truce in the details transmitted us
respecting them, no analogy whatever to BONA
rarera's success against Austria and Prussia. In
the pertinacious and long-continued resistance
made by Waite, with troops newly raised, almost
destitute of clothing, barefooted, and without li
magazines, we see no similarity to the treason or in-
capacity manifested by the MACS, the AUCRSPESOS,
Mud the Generals of Austria. Still less resemblance
is there between the Spaniards, and those colossal
armies of FRIIDERICK WILLIAM, which dissolved
and dispersed on the first approach of the French,
like the baseless fabric of a visiou." It is evident,
that in 1805 and in NOG, only the Government com-
bated the invader ; here the nation resists, and must
be subjugated. Incalculable are the resources of the
Spaniards, even when defeated. if treason, corrup-
tion, and egotism, do not unnerve and paralise their
exertions. In the vast extent of coast, from La
Barquera round to Vigo, a thousand facilities of
communication, and of succours from England, are
to be found. In the asperity and ruggedness of
the soil, country, and mountains, as well as in the
character and the poverty of the people, their na-
tional prejudices. superstitious opinions, and se-
questered position, to a peninsula at the western
extremity of Europe, a victorious invader will find
new, as well as hitherto unexperienced impedi-
inents to his progress. In the Central Junta, we
trust, and we wish to believe, NAPOLEON will not
meet with the pusillanimity, want of energy, and
prostration of mind, which, far• more than the
battles of Austerlitz, of Jena, or of Friedland,
produced the treaties of Prtsburg, and of Tilsit.
-The very
.formation of the Spanish peninsula, de-
scribing nearly a square, as including Portugal. in-
tersected by many ranges of sharp rocks and
snowy defiles, cad abounding in enacts where nei-
ther cultivation nor population are to be found ;
all these circnnistances must impose !Mitts to the
rapid career of the Corsican leader. Even the si-
tuation of Madrid is peculiarly inaccessible, and
the Supreme Junto have long since arranged, that
if driven from New Castile by a superior enemy,
the Government should be immediately transferred
either to Cividad-Real, or to Almagro, two towns of
the pre • ace of La Mooch., among the bleak moun-
tains of the Sierra Morena, immortalised in the
works of CEavanms. It es, in fact. As if London
being in possession of BONAPAIITC. the Executive
Power were removed to the Peak of Derbyshire..
or to the fastnesses of Wales. These preeautions•
do not indicate a degenerate, a corrupt, or a timid
race of men. Nor ought we, however painful mar
be the present aspect of things, to consider Spain
as presenting any similarity to Germany, or to
Russia. It is not the Spaniards oho inspire us

with dismay ; nor is it in the abilities of their
wader, howevr trauseendaot they must be Bch o-
keged, that we behold the ruin of that meriara,.
Our apprehensions originate nearer horn•.
incapacity of the Ministers who planned •Ire tvs
exitedie to Portugal and to Corinina, aided
the want of energy and talent in the C;envralsaf's
concluded the eintra Convention ; these urn
sources from whence flow the misfortunes, ik;,;,l,
we are now deploring.

We have received German papers to the i
A paragraph was inserted in the liamitersk
.poradenten, order of the French autitoeities
iu
that cit'', stating that Mr. ADAIR had been riles-
eil remission to loud ut Constantinople.
interference of the French way be fairiy ad-
duced at evidence of their fears with respe.t to
the Sublime Porte ; and, instead of danipui4
our hopes, encourages the expectation cn
favourable issue to Mr. ADAIR'S filimbi.ll3.
The King of Pausrrt♦ has published a
sctii•t, announcing that the evacuation ul
ritorics by the French troops wuu!d commence as
the 15th last, and be conipteted on the Stii
The Duke of. AUERSTADT, (Marshal D.ivinsil
who commands the French in Prussia, will, in cos-
sequence,proceed from Berlin to kluniburgh, where
he wii I succeed BERN A DOTTS, who rut urns to hum
on account of bad health.

Yesterday morning, His lIFIAJLSTY, Princerarr
AUGUSTA, 50141114, and AMELIA, accomponea by
'Ladies Clam Lie, •CAMPLIPIS W•I.DEGRAVC, aaal
MissN'Tsts, General ItTacoi. and Colonel lha.
BROW. rode to St. George's Chapel, and lirard a
Sermon, preached by the Rae. Mr. Dloar, from
St. Matthew, chap. v., verse 17 ; afterwaads re.
turned to the Palace.

Friday morning, ilia Mansre, Princeton Au.
elliTA. SOPHIA, and Anima, Didier Of liEht
and Cuuaaal.Lao, accompanied by Lord WAL.
SINGNAM. Lady IVlcaltay. Geoeral FITZROY. acid
Colonel. Dtaiaow and TATLion, redo iu Winder
Great Park, and returned to the Palace in twelve
o'clock.

The QVIIVII and Princess Ettzsarrah arms.
pained by I..aclies CARO LI WALDIEGRAVE.
CILANIST, and Atnearuev, took an airing to
Frogmore Lodge. In a short time after, therms
was most graciously pleased to send for Mr. RAP*
Lay, the Yorkshire Giant, who immediately attend.
ed. He remained in conversation with the Queta
and PRINCIIII*E* ; they appeared well pleased with
his genteel behaviour. and much surprised at kis
gigantic stature. tier Modicart, :mule him a eery
handsome present. lu the afternoon ha left Wis 4
am for Marlow.

The flint division of the French troops acs em-
barked at Lisbon. anddiserabarked again in France,
by Captain J A 51 v.s ANDLn.ON, of the Royal Nivy;
the second division by Captain GREEN ; and um
last divirioni were embarked by Captl HALSTED.
Dispatches were on Saturday received from 'Hon-
duras. which state, that the Governor of the Soso Oh
province of Yucatan had publicly declared his in.
tention of resisting the usurpation of BONAPARTE,
and of making a common cause with the mother
country, in support of the rights of Faaotti.iso
VII. The best understanding prevails between
the British and Spaniards in that quarter.
The principal Merchants of the city of London,
in concurrence with several distinguished Charac-
ters at the West end of the town, having. taken
into consideration the destitute situation of tie
I'atriotic Armies and their followers in Spain, with
respect to clothing, have resolved to supply those
brave seen with various articles of the manufacture
of this country, which are necessary to their eom-
fort. A Meeting, for the purpose of taking the
business into consideration, will be held in the city
of London, on Thursday uest, of which timely
notice will he given.
The Jupiter, of SO guns, Capt. RAKER, sailed
from Portsmouth, on Saturday morning, for Vigo.
in consequence of sodden orders ; and the Alfred.
of 74 guns, Capt. HATES, which is ordered to the
same place, was to sail ,t.steiday.
The 3d, or Prince of Wales's regiment of doo
Cgoon guards, comnsanded by Colonel Sir G. T.
ALCRAFT, began embarking at Portsmoisth, nil
Friday, for Spain. The last division will embark
to-morrow. The 4th regiment of Dragoons, coin-
mended by Colonel DoLnut, are on their route
from Canterbury, to Portsmouth, to ernliark for the
samedestinution. Commissioner Tower impel la
tends the embarkation.

The 14th and 16th regiments of light draffootr‘
are on their way to Fu I tnouth, to emlytrk for Spuiu.
Cominissioner llowea is there to supertntend then
embarkation.

The Amelia. the Hon. Captain TROY, whid, er•
rived at Portsmouth on Wednesday, in ten dill
from Lisbon, with General B.IMAII.D, left the I
'mumble Major-General Firew.tar (of the 95ta
regiment) in the command of the troops in P4rto-
gal. The last division of the French troop 3
still in the Tagus.
The following ships are detained at Sp;thetd,
by contrary winds :—La Gioire, Capt. W ;
Pelortis, Hon. Cuptain KING; Satellite, Captain
Eva 's; Lily. Capt. &mai'. and Seildile,
Rums, with a largo convoy for the W
Goshawk, Copt. Is sea, and Sparrow/it:sok,
PatisnLE, with two companies of the Royal
Artillery under convoy, for Corunna„ and the lass-
doer, Capt. AN DR (vol. with dispatches for LiAisa
and Barbudoes. The his, of 50 grins, Captain
LAUGHARNE, made the signal, on Satan:Eq. far
convoy to the
The Kura has been pleased to order a
to pass the Great Seal of the. United
door of Great Britain and Ireland, erripoir

the Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral
of Rocrteiven to elect a Bie!top ~f that See
same bei lig void by the translation of the thereon
Father in Goo, THOMAS, late AtiAhop therm
the See of Ely ; and [TM lIPIAJEATY hut align
phrased, by iiis Royal Si,niMantial. to moms
to the 'aid Doan end Chapter the Rev. IVA'
K in'o, Doctor in Divinity. to he h; then
11:hup of the said !lee of Rothc•tc..

to:. be bed, by ibe some Arsine,
1. TREATISE en the CULTURE of the CUCt MIMIC
Second Lditios, peke Is. in beards
2. HINTS and owneßvATioNs .• the IMPROVE-
F.NT of AGRICULTURR, os. be boonle.
Lately published, by T. CADELL cad W. DAIWA, &read,
A Begged Edition ef
lETTER& addreboad to the DAUGHTER
j of a NOBLOUN. en the FORMATION et RELI-
GIOUS end MORAL mama PLE.
SLIZARETH HAMILTON.
A etbor of " Leans 6.1 tie Elesonearx Principles of
Edoestiou," &e.
. .