The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-09-28 00:00:00

TUE BRITISH PRESS

the days of plenty are come; and happiness is come along
with them.' Mistaken man ! It is no such thing. He
never more enjoys one happy day, compared with those
which once shone upon him. He discards his old com-
panions, or treats them with cold, distant, and proud
civility. Friendship, free and open conversation, rational
inquiry, sincerity, contentment, and the plain and un-
adulterated pleasures of life are no more: they diparted
from him along with his poverty. New connexions, new
prospects, new desires, and new cares take place ; and en-
.gross so much of his time and of his thoughts, that he
neither improves his heart nor his understanding. He
lives ambitious and restless ; and he diet.—Ri it."
The last words of this deservedly eminent man were
expressed in the answer he gave to a female attendant who
offered him some nourishment, a very short time before
his departure, when he said, with great composure, " No !
I have enough of every thing."

CARLOW BIBLE MEETING.
Thursday a meeting was held in Carlow, in pursuance
of a Resolution adopted by the Protestant Clergymen, who
signed the challenge iddriamml to the Catholic Clergymen
of that town. The meeting was held in the Presbyterian
meeting-house, and the Chair was taken by Colonel Roche-
fort at half-past ten o'clock. Five bemired tickets had
been issued, and the demand, after the number had been
completed, was considerable. A platform was erected,
which was ttowded with Clergymen, amongst whom were
Doctor Singer, Illessra. Hamilton, Daly, Digby, Burnet,
Crwick, and several other distinguished Divines. After
the Chair had been taken, the Rev. Mr. H. Caulfield coin-
meneed the business of the day, by reading the challenge
at full length, which he,did with an articulation and em-
phasis clear and impressive.
The Chairman inquired ,febetlier any Roman Catholic
Clergyman was present, sistfl dist, If se, it would be neces-
sary for him, in compliance with the regulations of the
meeting, to give in his name, and fake his place upon the
platform. The Chairman having waited a sufficient time,
and no person appearing disposed to offer opposition, lie
called upon Dr. Singer to proceed in support of the first
proposition contained in the challege, and subsequently
upon Mews. Hamilton and Burnet.

As soon as Mr. Burnet had concluded, Dr. Daly rose
and said, that be and the other Clergymen who signed the
challenge were at their posts, but that, as no opposition
was offered, they would not detain the meeting by address-
ing the Chair.
• Mr. Burnet stated, that lie was requested by his friend
Mr. Pope, whose name had been affixed to the challenge,
to inform the Chairman, that the Rev. Gentleman was
prevented by indisposition from attending in his place
that day.
Colonel Rochefort then left the Chair, and at three
o'clock the meeting separated peaceably.

THE PRIVILEGE OP SANCTUARY IN

ENGLAND.

Sanctuary is said by ancient writers to have been first
established in this island by Lucius, King of Britain, who
is reported to ha►e lived in the third century of the
Christian era, but whose very existence is apocryphal.
Spelman states, that Pope Bonifsce the Fifth was the first
who commanded altars and palaces to be places of refuge
for offenders. This was probably in imitation of the ordi-
nance of Moses, which appointed three cities as a refuge
for him who should kill his neighbour unawares. There
were two kinds of sanctuary, one of a temporary and li-
mited, another of a permanent and general nature. Sanc-
tuary appears at first to have been only intended to afford
a temporary refuge for criminals, until they could com-
promise their offence with their accusers ; almost every
crime, except malicious homicide, being, under the Saxon
law, redeemable for mcney.
_ _

From the time of the Saxon Kings, under certain modi-
fications, churches and church-yards were a refuge for of-
fenders, and the privilege of the temporary sanctuary af-
forded by them may be stated as follows:

To those guilty of sacrilege or treason it was, for obvious
reasons, denied. Within the space of forty days the Fer-
poq who had eushraced the satupassry.affotdcd by ehurches
and their precincts was to clothe himself in sackcloth, con-
fess his crime before the Coroner, solemnly abjure the
realm, and taking a cross in his hand, repair to an ap-
pointed port, embark, and quit the country. If appre-
hended or brought back on his way thither within forty
days he had a right to plead the privilege of sanctuary,
and to claim a free passage. If the offender neglected this
appeal to the Coroner, and remained in the sanctuary after
the forty days limited, it became felony for any one to
afford him sustenance.

The Coroner was to take the abjuration of the criminal
at the church door, in the following form, which acquaints
us with some curious particulars:—
" This hest rhos!, Sir Coroner, that I M, of //, am a stealer of
sheep for any other beast, or a 'murderer of one or mare], and
because I have done many such evils and robberies in this land, I
do abjure the land of our Lord Edward, King of England, and I
shall haste me towards the port of such a place which thou halt
given me ; and that I shall not go out of the highway, and if I do,
I will that I be taken as a robber and a felon of our Lord the King;
and that at such place I will diligently seek for passage, and that I
will tarry there but one flood and ebb, if I can have passage ; and
unless I can have it in such place, I will go every day into theses
up to my knees, assa7ing to pass over; and unless I can do this
within forty days, I will put myself again into the church, as a
robber and a felon of our Lord the King; so God me help and His
holy judgment."

In an ancient law-book is the following particular ac-
count of the privilege of temporary sanctuary, by which
it further appears that it was not indiscriminate. "If
any one fly to sanctuary, and there demand protection, we
are to distinguish ; for, if he be a common thief, robber,
murderer, night-walker, and be known for such a one, and
discovered by the people, and of his pledges and denizers,
or if any one be convict for debt or other offence upon his
own confession, and bath forjurccl the realm, or hath been
exiled, banished, outlawetl, or waived, or joined upon this
hope to be defended in sanctuary, tbey may take him out
thence, without any prejudice of the franchise of sanctuary.
But in the right of offenders, who by mischance fall into
an offence mortal out of sanctuary, anti for their true re-
pentance run to monasteries, and commonly confess them-
selves sorrowful, King Henry 11. at Clarendon, granted
unto them, that they should be defended by the 'Church,
for the space of forty days, and ordained that the towns
should defend such flyers for the whole forty days, and
send thein to the coroner at the coroner's view."
This authority further sates that it was at the election
of the offender to yield to the law; or so acknowledge
his offence to the coroner and the people, and to waive the
law; anti if he yield himself to be tried by law, he is to
be sent to the gaol, and to wait for either acquittal or con-
demnation; and if he confess a mortal offence, and desire
to depart the realm, he is to go from the end of the sanc-
tuary ungirt in pure sackcloth,- and there swear that he
will keep the strait way to such a port or such a passage
which he bath chosen, and will stay in no parts two nights
together, until that for this mortal offence which he bath
confessed in the hearing of the people he bath avoided the
realm, never to return during the King's life without
leave, so God him help, and the holy Evangelists; and af-
terwards let him take the sign of the cross and carry the
same, and the same is as much as if he were in the pro-
tection of the church, and if any one remain in the sanc-
tuary above the forty days, by so doing he is barred the
grant of abjuration, if the fault be in him, after which
time it is not lawful for any one to give him victuals.

And although such be out of the peace of the King, yet
none ought to dishearten them, all one as if they were in
protection of the church, if they be not found out of the
highway wilfully breaking their oaths, or to do other mis-
chief in the highway.

The lodgings of sanctuary men became a source of pro-
fitable revenue to the ecclesiastics. 111illain Ebeshani, a
scribi., writing to his master, Sir John Poston, perhaps
from this very sanctuary of St. Martin, about the year
1469, bcseeches him as an alms-gift for one of his old
gowns, plaintively exclaiming, " (lad knoweth I lie in
sanctuary at great costs and among right unreasonable
ultra.'

Great abuses crept in as the times declined from their
original simplicity; and these were dealt with by the laws
acquiring additional strength; till the final and well-de-
served annihilation of so dangerous a system.

THE WINNERS OF THE GREAT ST. LEGER.

The following List (11' the Winneti of this Important
Stakes, from the commcitenient to the present period, will
serve as a reference to snorting meh, and may prove ac-
ceptable to out readers in general :--
Year. Owners., 4c. Saba. Start. Placed
1776 Lord Rockingham's be. f. by Simpson 6 6 5
1777 Mr. Sotheron's Bourbon by Le gang 12 10 10
1778 Sir T. Gascoigne's Hollondaise by
6latch'em . - . 16 8 8
1779 Mr. Stapleton's Tummy by Wildair 15 10 RI
1780 Mr. Bethell's Ruler by Y. Marske •17 7 . 7
1781 Col. Radcliffe'. Salina by Goldlinder 13 V 9
1782 Mr. Goodricke's Imperetric, by Alfred 9 6 6
1783 Sir J. L. Kaye's Phenomenon by King
Herod - - . 9 4 4
1764 Mr. Contees Omphale by Higlitlyer . 12 7 7
17116 Mr. Hill's Cowslip by Hightlyer . 5 4 4
1786 Lord A. Hamilton's Paragon by Pat-
master - 14 0 8
1787 Lord A. Hamilton's Spadille by High.
flyer . . . 9 6 6
1783 Lord A. Hamilton's Young Flora by
11 ightlyer . . 10 1 6
1789 Lord Fitzwilliam's Pavett by Tandem 9 6 6
1790 Mr. Goodricke's Ambidatter by Pheno.
menon . . . 16 9 3
1791 Mr. Hutchinson's Young Traveller by
King Fergus - - - 14 8 8
1792 Lord A. Hamilton's Tartar by. Florizel 22 11 11
1793 Mr. Clifton's Ninety-three by Florizel 18 8 8
1794 Mr. Hutchinson's Beningbrough by
King Fergus - - - 19 V 8
1795 Sir C. Tromer'a Hambletonian by King
Fergus - - • 12 5 6
1796 Mr. Cookson's Ambrosio by Sir Peter 13 7 7
1797 Mr. Goodrieke's Lounger by Drone . 12 8 1
1798 Sir T. Gascoigne's Symmetry by Del.
pini . - . 14 10 V
1799 Sir H. Vane's Cockfighter by Overton 12 7 7
1600 Mr. WiIIPOTI*B ChStlll4oll by Pot-8-o's ri 10 10
1301 31r. Goodricke's Quiz by Buzzard -11 8 8
11.1412 _ Lord Fitssilliam's Orville by &mktg.
brough . . . - 15 7 7
1803 Lord Strathmore's Remembrancer by Pi.
arm
1804 Mrp. Mellish's Sancho by Don Quixotte 24 11 2
1806 Mr. Mellish's Stavely by Shuttle . 27 10 6
18101 Mr. Clifton's Fyldener by Sir Peter 39 13 3
1807 Lord Fitzwilliam's Paulin* by Sir Peter 41 16 4
1800 Duke of Hamilton's Petrouius by Sir
Peter . . - - 23 12 3
1809 Duke of Hamilton's Ashton by Walnut 61 14 8
11110 Duke of Leeds's Octavian by Stripling 40 8 4
Dill Mr. Gascoigne's Soothsayer by Sorcerer 6,1 24 3
11112 Mr. Rob's Otterington by Golumpus . 67 24 3
1813 Mr. Watt's Altisitiora by Dick Andrews 60 17 3
1814 Duke of Hamilton's William by Go-
vernor . - - . 53 12 2
1816 Sir W. Maxwell's Filho da Puts, by
Haphazard - - . 69 15 4
1811 Sir B. Graham's The Duchess by Car-
dinal York - 46 13 3
1817 Mr. Peirce s Ebor by Orville . 62 10 3
1813 Mr. Peirses Reveller by Comus - 61 21 S
1819 Alr. Ferguson's Antonio by Octavian - 60 14 3
1820 Sir E. Smith's St. Patrick by Walton . 72 27 3
1821 Mr. T. 0. Powlett's Jack Spigot by Ar.
drossan . - 19 13 5
1822 Mr. l'etre's Theodore by Woful • 73 23 3
1823 Mr. Watt's Barefoot by Tramp . 84 12 3
1024 111 r. OnscoignesJeery by Smolensk° . 77 SI 2
1825 Mr. Watt's Memnon by Whisker. .BB 30 2