The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1821-06-23 00:00:00

le dim toiletries, the proprietors of the land are sot them-
selves poor, and the people wretched, in properties, as from f,
want of moils!, their labour .is more exelusively sensed to
aisles from their iv, sollyille "seam of their. owsasety ,
solideteree? _ ~...,
Ifibes@ imestions eheMbe a teed in the annotative,
it follare, that the playa 'ty sod future improve-
aii7
en st Me kalifiel weiffla ied se the coalitioners of
that ram WOWS me melcultural pro.perity is so closely
'eructated with *hp preeervatim of usta.maaufacturieg and
cosnamelal waffles,.
It will be flew the House to oppreciate this view of the
abject, to width the progress of events •ffetting any of
the great breaches of see imagery, sod, in its ',Jading,
to detemitie, according to cierseastanem, hew far, and by
what aresageniests, it ego beat reeneeile those coasideratiose
ef etas policy erbieli make it dateable that this tawdry
should sot berme to. habitually or massively depeedant;
for the gelation/wee of its people oe kedge supply, with the
necessity of imardiog, as much se=nosiout meeting,
by ertileial mesas, pif too eat botteamtha met
et that solisideme here sod in eilierrilffearies; sat only Is
esprit I. the pimple thihrosava% halal." from the risk
which wise be in proportion tit 11m1111111hresce, of driving
mach of the atrial, by whisk their kiddelley sod labour are
appoeted, to seek employesent Welber toestriee. For
then cosset be a doubt that Ibis defense* operates, is the
lam maser as taxation, to diminish the proliteof dipital in
thie,coostry ; sad hare eau be selittle doubt, that though
capital may migrate, the suorestpied popolatioe will re`
saki ; mode/win to be maintaitied.by the landed Interest,
OM rhea reitmertn, diminished is. pispietior to dissi-
lathed demist; this additional: husks mold priecipally fall.
' Itilisese of the Pedfielts ref,rred to pia Cutemittee, the
depaiselos settallistras of all those emeerseil timmrieultere,
are stately metibed to the extent of eon public bunks.
ewspleetwith their diminished mesas of hearing them.
The ',Writ Maurice of taxation epos the state of the
eoleatry, Is a subject. too exterssve to be mitered .pou by
year Committee, without exceeding the hounds prescribed
to them by the nature of the rekreoce made to them by the
Hesse. They limpid its weight, because, however imposed,
taxis mist neeemasily abridge the reneurces and comforts
of those by whom they are ultimately paid. Bet the gees.
tion for more Immediate eonsideration is, whether, i• are
-...
distribution of this unavoidable eid, the profits of farming
capital have bees heretofore, or esti perneatiestly be more
affected, than the profits of capital emoted i• other
branches of indusay. They cannot discover may grenade fur
believing that; during the oar, when taxatiou was carried
to its. greatest amount, the profit of firming capital was
lowered a its relative proportion to the profit of other active
capitals; sad whatever may be the temporary effect all
casual derangement, it is obvious that this properties mast
permanently be stialutaired, because the application of capi-
tal would otherwile be changed • from use mode of em-
ployment to atiotber, until the proper level was restored.
So far then fore as axes fall nous. the pewits of the active
eapttals of the esoutry, whatever may be the objects upon
which they immediately atia, ii, or the parties by whom they
are, is she first inatnitie, paid, they operate, in their ultimate
effect, as an abatement of those profits, equally affecting the
aniline, the nuronfactoline, and the fanning interests, by
diasinishing their means either ..f eojoyment, or of accu-
mulating further capital by savings Cum their annual ha-
CUM'S.
The essence and extent in which other classes of the sem-
inussity, sad other awirees of income may be affected by
taxation, do not emir directly within the scope of the prated
inquiry; het your Coseineiltee dank it weressary to notice a
doctrine which haspeevasled in wene quorters--thet the prier
of corn in this ematry, in order to remunerate the grower,
must 'armee in the .axe ratio as the amount of oar pub.
lie revenuer, an that if die lai ter he doubled, the price of corn
meet be double,' also. If this assumption were well found.
rd, It world follow, that, exclusively of auy clump is she
value of money, the remunerating price in lett, eaglet be
nearly owe-third lower than it was in 1814, teas sot much
shorted that prop/watt to the •hole of our revenue howler
beets taken off is Great Britain same that year. hat
without draytag that the price of cora may be in imam
degtee affected by adding to our peersl taxation,
and that say charges particularly paid by the farmer, such
as Mies and poor tales, most tend swore directly to raise Had
price, it is obvious, from what has beaus already slated, that
the met of grain corn in soy country is regulated by the
animal 'respite! seceseary to ranee it upon lauds payiag
no rent, nod that it is the price of the portion of corn which
is 90 raised that determines the price of all other corn ; and
that aa Wenner of general taxes, affecting alike the profits
of capital is all the different breaches of industry, would not
Necessarily raise the pries of the paitieelar produce of toy
one. The peke of roar, therefore, might fall in a country,
notwillisteediag additional taxation, if the quCatify regain-
ed for the option of that country could be raised,
either by the cultivatioe of more fertile and productive
soils, or by the application of • diminished capital to the
same soil, in cosseepiesee of lammed skill or improvements
in husbandry.
In fact, so rise in the price of core appears to have takes
place during three of the wars in which this (sentry was ea-
gaged during the last century, compared with the prices of
the years preceding and succeeding them wars; and during
the last of them, the American war, prices were lower than
during the peace. This eireanisiance is the more to he re-
marked, as there never was perhaps a period at which the
burden of amities appeared to mess more heavily upon the
reeenrees of the conistry, awl in which au aauaal increase
of takes, acompaeied with an annual diminution of
revenue, and • general stagnation of im,roventeuts,iedicated
more strongly that a part adage taxes mast have been paid
out of the capital, and not out of the income of the nation.
On the other baud, however immense the expenditure of
the last war, it is impossible to review the vast private un-
dertakings, began mid completed during that war, in every
branch of industry, without feeling that those foods by which
alone the productive powers of the country eau be put is
motion, must have been greatly increased, and that the
accumulation of national capital, however impaired by
loans, or retarded by taxes, has, upon the whole, been large
and ',regressive during that period.
If in the same space of time the national capital of some
other country has out increased, ur has increased wily is a
muck smaller proportion, the me.e consperisou of the no-
minal amount of the public rcienue of that country with the
Public rtvenue of this couutry, as they stood at the com-
mencement of the period, and as they now stand, might
lead to en unfair inferruce in respect to the degree in which
etch couetyy WWI been 'Meted by increased meatiest. At the
weigh, 01 the public butdens of a counts )• be coasidered in
rekrence to its population wily, then (with the exception of
Holland perhaps) Eastland is the most taxed purlieu of En.
rupe; but if it be measured by the aggregate of National
capital, or iecome arising from capital, divided by the total
number of people emoue whom that capital or iucouse is
distributed, it may then he doubted whether, upo• such au
average, the proportion of tax to the income or capital of .
each individual, be nut less iu England than le several Sintea
of the Couriasent, 'or even in Ireland; and Whether it be
inateriall
theygre population,aternin wt both
at former periods, when boi
the capital,
end the public revenue of Eng-
land, were far !ohm whit they now are. Bet whatever
might be the consolatory result of such • comparison, if the
meassa of making it could br accurately ascertained, and
however mugueue • hope your Committee may entertain
that peace will afford increased facility and eacouraceinent
to further accumulation, it is nor less the duty of Gueersa
anent di,eetly to aid that arcumel ition, by diminishing our
seintzsdPsnerils.riii:atrrnhd'e sosuak:iliir.fiiii.ltbheilthe•crapsporiir:oPfretwheostehecleaosssserso,rlblyavindhotiao
of the whole kingdom is
istiguesented. This duty, important at all time., appears to
your Comma i tee to be still more an, under thee present cli mem-
. minces of the country; (or. whilst thay are desirous of cur-
reeling the misakeu opinion, that the depressio• under
which our agriculture sow labours, is either exclusively or
I "deasgroisermilloifirr'smunilhl!:oltheocboembeimeemiral.yiles:res,ibharitnlistvareetlooesilhymueirin,wna:el.liglaiiimo:tu'upoiriflotht:Drheryeenteapiu.annuielnloaii,etsgbd:uteirs-e-
-1, money incenses derived from trading, forming, sad ma-
, nufacturieg capital and industry, are diminished. Nu
/ exertion, therefore, should be um
reduce those borders, as nearly as eireuittinted o
stalteees made
will pernwtio,
in the degree is which such incomes may have been reduced ;
fur, io eossideriag ibis subjert, it is important to bear lo