The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1824-07-06 00:00:00

we intend to twat" your rights, your territory, and your irdepen. j
dente. 1 declare to you, in the name of Colombia, and by the oath
of the liberating army, that my authority shall not exact] the time
indispensably requisite to prepare ourselves for victory—that at the
moment the army leaves the provinces which it now occupies, you
shall be constitutionally governed by your own laws and your own
magistrates.
`• Peruvians !-..The field of battle, which will be a witness of
the valour of our soldiers and the triumph of your liberty—that
fortunate field shall see me throw from my hands the Dictatorship ;
and from that field 1 and my brothers in arms, having given you
liberty, will return to Colombia, without taking a grain of sand
from Peru. (Signed) " Boils-att.
" (General Ordes)—Trusillo, Marc 11, lat."
The jealousies which have been excited by the appoint-
ment of Bolivar to the Dictatorship have evidently sunk
deeply, when we find among the traitors who have joined
the Royalists Torre Tagle, the late President of the Re-
public. The Spaniards, besides, have possession of nearly
the whole country. Truxillo, front whence Bolivar dates
his proclamation, is above 300 miles north-west of Lima,
it is the northernmost province of Peru. All the interior,
and much of the coast, is under the dominion of the
Royalists. The fact also that Quito, a province of Co-
lombia, should have been subjected to martial law, proves
how serious the aspect of affairs must appear to the autho-
rities in that part of the world. In a private letter re-
ceived yesterday from Bogota, it is also mentioned that a
motion had been made in the Colombian Congress to in-
crease the army by an additional force of fifty thou-
sand men. This motion is ascribed partly to the cur-
rent rumour, that the French intended to assist the
Spaniards to re-conquer their Colonies, and partly to the
proceedings in Peru. From the same source we learn, !
that Bolivar had again tendered his resignation as Presi-
dent of Colombia. This step is obviously taken only to'
obtain the sanction of public opinion to his recent conduct.'
We have no doubt it will be readily given. We arc not
afraid that the independence of Peru can be destroyed,
tither by foreign force or domestic treason. Throughout
South America not a Spaniard in arms can be found but in
Peru; and as the new States have all confederates) to sup-
port each other's independence, though the contest may be
somewhat prolonged, the issue must be in favour of the
Peruvians. The capture of Lima and Callao at this period
is, however, much to be regretted, on account of the effect
it may produce, in Europe. It will be eagerly seized by
• the ultra papers of France, as a proof that the dominion of
Spain may be easily restored ; and it is not to be forseen
what mischievous projects may grow out of a single
' disaster.

His Majesty's Government have lately been engaged in .
much deliberation on several urgent applications for mili-
tary aid on the part of the King of Portugal. The recent
troubles in that country, and the disorganised and cor-
rupted state of the Portuguese army, have placed his Most
Faithful Majesty in a most perilous situation. The Maur-
ration excited by the infant Don Miguel, proved that the
soldiery are in that mutinous and ungovernable dispesition
which is incompatible with the existence of any regular
Government. They have been the instruments of effect-
ing two revolutions within the short space of less than three
years; and but for the energy of the foreign Ambassadors
on the last occasion a third revolution would have followed
their mercenary movements. The treaties of alliance be-
tween his Majesty and the King of Portugal do not im-
pose any absolute obligation on our part to furnish military
assistance to his Most Faithful Majesty, except in the case
of actual invasion by a foreign power ; but the present situ-
ation of Portugal may well raise a question, whether we
are not morally justified, in defence not only of the inte-
rests of our ancient anti faithful Ally, but cf our own in-
terests, to protect him from the many dangers by which
he is at this moment surrounded. It it clear, that
j without some foreign support he must fall the victim
of the intrigues of the furious and bigoted party,
who are instigated by the Queen, the every way
worthy sister of Ferdinand of Spain. If ever foreign
interference was necessary to preserve the tranquil-
lity of any country, the present condition of Portugal
affords an example of that necessity ; and as there is mani-
festly great reason to apprehend, that the refusal of the
British Government to accede to the application of the
King of Portugal would induce his most faithful Ma-
jesty to solicit assistance from other quarters, we trust
that, unless weightier considerations should determine his
Majesty's Ministers otherwise, the aid may be granted.
The force required is understood to be only 6,000 mew
We could safely spare that number of our troops, and
when the object for which they are to be so employed is
duly contemplated, we think no valid objection can be stated.
His Majesty's Ministers will not be embarking in a foreign
contest to put down any existing power or government;
nor will they be taking part in the agitations of a foreign
country, to uphold an existing authority against the wishes
of the people. They will favour neither of the political
extremes which characterise the revolutions and counter-
revolutions of our days. They will interfere only to give
temporary aid to a benevolent Sovereign, who has shewn
himself, under all the circumstances of his political life,
sincerely desirous to consult the good of his people, and
confer upon them the institutions best adapted to their
feelings and interests. The most sensitive friend to popu-
lar rights cannot find fault with the supply of military
force for such purposes. There is no truth in the statement
that troops would be sent from Hanover.

The following article, from the correspondence of the
tih,te, gives us a new version of the cause of Chateau-
briand's fall. The part ascribed to him agrees well with
his ever-meddling and intriguing spirit. There is much
reason to believe the statement:—

MAWIIT:111. JI!WE 28.
We have received here some private information respecting the
dismissal of M. de Chatesubriend, which, it not wholly conforma-
ble to truth, is not less worthy of being recorded in the chronicles
of the de,. "It wag not," says net eorrespoodent, "either the
individual views of the Ex-Minister with regard to the affairs of
South America, or his conduct Bering the discussion of the projet
of law on the Rentes, which was the motive of his disgrace. M.
de Chatesubriand is accused of having &wound the rc:ent con-
apirations in Portugal. Mr. Canning having received the most
authentic information on this point. immediately communicated it
to the Prince de l'olignae, the French Ambassador. The Liter
forthwith informed the French (ebinet, and hence the real notices
of the sudden journey of the Ambassador to Paris. 'lnc 3lonarch
could not do otherwise than highly disapprove of the conduct of M.
de (;hatestibriand, which was diametrically opposed to his private
sentiments, and thus it is easy to account for not only tin:dismissal of
that Minister, but also the manner in which it was signified to
him. There ere, however, important reasons for concealing the
real cause of this dismissal, and for leaving Cue public in incertitude.
This sufficiently explains why his dismissal did not take place
until after the rejection of the projet on the Ifentcs, although it Was
!dread), di:sided at the moment when the proofs brought by the
Prince de Polignac had rendered the fault of the Iliniater
notorious."

Yesterday closed the Midsummer quarter, ac,:ording to
the custom of keeping the accounts of the revenue. We
have not the details before us, but the general result is, as
we said some days ago, a subject of sincere congratulation
with all who take an interest in the prosperity of the coun-
try. Almost every branch of the revenue is in a state of
progressive improvement. Fresh evidencts are given of the
extension of our foreign commerce in the great increase of
the Customs. The actual net income of that branch of the
revenue, for the quarter ending yesterday, was nearly
8,000,0001., while for the corresponding quarter of last year
it was 2,096,0001. leaving an apparent deficiency of 96,0001.,
tut in point of fact an increase of upwards of .550,0004 The