The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-03-15 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPERS.

[From the ConsaftadMingerard•ri
41115,MARCH 11•
h is positively asserted that the Court of ltsrate demands M io.
eetnnit• for the comtat of Avignon. What will the Ministry do,
down "the • other aidw

bowed d 0.., undo the yoke of r.re congregations on die -
of the Alps ? If he satisfies them, he again loads the country
with those enormous burthens, the voting which is matter of such
regret to M. Breton, but which seem light to M. N'illele, in coo-
sideraridh that France has paid many others, and that the more
money that is drawn from her the ?Scher she becomes. If by any
chance the Ministry 'Muhl make any difficulty in sufficiently
making tip for this spoliation of the church property, it might risk
them loss of place. There is no doubt that this consideration will
determine their acquiescence.
The treaty of Tolentino ought to be sufficient to rebut the pre-
tensions of the Court of Rome ; but it would, perhaps, be said that
that was not core binding oo her than the civil code on the aril-
grants. s
.•
DUTCH TAPIRS: 1
_
F AAAAA 01T, Mancn 4.
• •An important project it under the Consideration of the Camila,-
tlonal States in the South of Germany, namely, reducing of he
import and export duties of Bavaria, Wirtemburg, Baden, Nas-
sau, and Hesse Darmstadt, to one system, and a proportionatedis-
tribution 01 the produce of the duties, with the entire liberty of the
internal commerce between those States themselves. This project,
uniting seven millions of men under the same commercial system, -
would pave the way to a particular union between these five States,
and perhaps some others.
PETERSBCRGM, FEB. 19.
The Emperor has addressed the following l'kase to the Senate :
" Con.idering that several productions of Turkey prohibited by
the existing Tariff have become indispensable to those of our sub-
jects who profess the Mahornetan religion, in consequence of their
leaving been so long habituated to the use of them, and desiring to
prevent all attempts to introduce them clandestinely—We ordain.
the articles of Turkish origin specified in the annexed list may be
imported by the ports of Theodosia and Kertsh, on payment of the
duties of customs fixed in the same list.
" The Senate will not neglect to take such measures as are pro-
per for the execution of this Ordinance.
" ALEXANDER."
AMSTERDAM, MARCUM .•
Our papers continue to be filled with the list of subscriptions
for the sufl'aers ; the amount collected is very large. Great exer-
thins are making every whete to repair the dikes, and in most
places they are already so high as to afford protection against ordi-
nary tides. The water mills in the district of Waterland hive
now begun again to work, and the two sluices called the great and
the little 'Wilhelm** sluices have, since the beginning of the week,
been emptying the water day and night into the y, so that it
is hoped that the lands which are still overflowed to a great depth
may be dry by the beginning of the slimmer.

OFFICIAL REPORT ON THE STATE OF
GREECE.
(Concluded from our Paper of yesterday.)

Avast's:B von BORROWIXO.—The extraordinary situation in
which Greece is placed obliged her to have recourse to loans. If
flourishing States have often exhausted their finances in long wars,
and have in consequence been under the hard necessity of having
recourse to that expedient, it could not be expected that Greece;
who had only engaged in war to relieve herself from oppression,
should not take advantage of the resources which were open to her.
Their slow progress may be attributed to their not having availed
themselvas at the beginning of these means. Their brilliant suc-
cesses in the course of last autumn, when they were able to make
use of a part of their ban, are incuntestible proofs of this fact.
It is erroneous to suppose that the Greek Government sustains
this war at little or no expense: they have a land and naval force
to keep up. The expense of the latter. in which consists their prin-
cipal strength, is known to be extremely great. Besides all which,
the Government feel the necessity of raising the country to a level,
in point of civilisation, with the rest of Europe. In pursuance of
this plan they have, even amidst the bustle of the war, founded a
University, opened schools—and, at the intervals of their leisure,
they have been occupied in the establishment of post-houses, the
opening of roads, and other works of public utility.
Notwithstanding their pressing want of money, the Greek Go-
vernment only wishes to contract for very moderate loans ; not that
they have not good security to offer, for seven eighths of the Conti-
nent is at theb disposal. This territory, under the Turkish Go-
vernment, belonged to the Mosques, the Ottoman Crown, the Beys
and Ages, &c. ; they at present form the national property of
Greece. Besides these estates, the Greek Government can offer as
security the territorial resources of the country, of which we will
now give a short account.
Pionuerrows OY GREECE.—Those who have studied statis.
tics are aware how uncertain the results of that branch of political
economy generally are, even among the most highly civilsed na.
tions it cannot therefore be wondered at, that the statistical ac-
count of Greece we are about to present should be imperfect in its
details; but we can answer for the exactness of the general account
we are about to give.
We will begin with the most important of their exportable com-
modities; such as oils, wines, currants, silks, wool, cotton, to.
bacco, vermillion, and southern fruits.

Otis_The islands and coasts of Greece are covered with olive
trees. This plant is indigenous to Greece ; at any rate it is to be
found in a wild state neat the sea. Io some of the island*, but es-
pecially in Candia, olive trees die only frost age. It has been
asserted that if the growth of olives was properly encouraged in
the latter island, from the favourable nature of the soil and
climate, it would be able to supply all Europe with oil. The olive
tree in Greece yields fruit from the twelfth year.
NVix ES.—Almost the whole of Greece produces wine. Those
most known in commerce come from Cyprus, Samos, Scopelos, &c.
If their mode of making it were improved they would gain consi-
derably, and many common wines would become excellent. Part
of the Greek wines is exported to Germany'by way of Trieste; but
Russia consumes by far the greater part, which is conveyed by way
of the Black Sea.

CURAANTS.—This fruit grows only on the wrat and north coast
of the Peloponnesus, in Etolia and bocris, and particularly the
coast of Achaia, also the neighbouring islands of Zante and Ce-
phalonia. The English buy up the greatest quantity. In 1817
the sale of currants in the district of Patna alone yielded 9,000,0t10
francs.

SILKII.—The mild climate and serene air of Greece are particu-
larly favourable to silkworms. If the practice of grafting the
mulberry trees were introduced, and greaten. care taken in the
choice of leaves as food for the worms, the silks would be prodigi-
ously improved.
WOOL.—Under the Greek Emperors the breed of sheep was
much improved by crosses; but since the conquest of the country
by the Turks those cares have been discouraged and abandoned.
But notwithstanding this negligence, the Greek sheep has not lost
all his beauty. The sheep of Livadia is more-beautiful titan many
of the French and other European breeds; but it is the sheep of
Arcadia which, even now-a_days, unite the good qualities of the
neighbouring races without their defects. But the fleece is in
general badly managed, so that their wools, when wrought, are
generally speckled.
COTTONS—The Greek cotton is not so generally esteemed as
that of the West Indies, being less pure and silky. The cottons
of the Levant improve as we proceed southward. The cotton of
Cyprus is superior to that of Smyrns, and that of the Peloponnesus
bears the palm from that of Thessalia.
TOBACCO.—The low lands of Greece, from the alluvial nature
of the soil, and other accidental circumstances, produce great
luxuriance in all manner of vegetation, and is particularly favour-
able to the growth of tobacco, which is an extremely hungry
plant. In general, the tobacco of Greece is considered the best in
Europe.
VERMI.I.ION.—What is called in Mediterranean commerce
vermilltae, is a reddish seed, vulgarly called scarlet seed. The
Greeks call it prinocoevi, that is to say, oak seed, from its growing
on a species of that tree. From its colour, and the insect it is
drawn from, vermillion evidently belor.gri to the same species as
cochineal. Its colour is beautiful and durable. It is chiefly gathered
in Phocis, Bootie, Locris, Etolia, and the Peloponnesus; that
found near the sea shore is the best.

801/THEIIN FRUIT/.—Under this designation are included
oranges, lemons, citrons, &c. The greater part of the islands of
the Archipelago, and the coasts of the continent, produce them all
in abundance. The greatest exportation is to the northern part of
Turkey, in Europe and Asia; and also to Ruuta, by the Black
Sea.

Greece produces a quantity of other exportable commodities,
sack ea madder or olizari, the gall-nut, honer, was, skins, opium,
gum-dragor, carpeting, timber, tar, rosin, &c. &c.
The countries which compose independent Greece are the Pelo-
ponnesus, Attica, &rods, Phocis, Locris, Etulia, Ammonia, and
Agrapha.•
The whole of the islands, amounting to one hundred, with the
exception of about a dozen, are under the Greek Government.
PELOPONNESUS—Sinee the revolution severs' enal mines have
been discovered ; and there is no doubt but that there are mines of
all sorts, both in the Peninsula aid the Mends. which in happier
times will be worked. The wet of this part of Greece before the
revolution amounted to 6,001010 franca. During the revolution
the Turkish population has all perished, except a few families who
have, upon capitulation, been conveyed to Asia. But the popula-
tion has nevertheless been doubled by the emigration of Greeks
from Asia Minor. In the flourishing periods of Greek history this
peninsula reckoned 3,000,000 of inhabitants—it as yet support
that number.

ACARNAVIA, ETOLIA, AND Locats.—Then• three provinces,
comprehended .under the general name of Western Greece, pro-
duce all the necessaries and many of the luxuries of life. Timber
of a superior quality for ship-building is found in their mountains.
The other productions common to the whole of Greece abound
here.

PHOCIa. TF.OrrA, AND ATT IC A.—These provinces a • called
in modern geography Eastern Greece. BIWA% is celebrated for its
corn; Phocis for its vermilion and madder; and the honey of Athiesr
so famed among the ancients, still preserves its delicious flavour.
A RCIIIIPELAG o.—We have already mentioned that the islands
subjected to Greece amounted to nearly a hundred. Forty of these
are of more or Ica importance, by their marine, their extant, or
their productions. The Archipelago trades in fish, sal:, sponge.
&c. besides the other articles common to Greece.

The details of the variety of the soil, production, and manufac.
turn would fill volumes; but they would carry us bi yen*, the
limits we have assigned ourselves.