The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1808-02-19 00:00:00

-

...are the sem- •
- wino& tier ? • I'do con-
,.s acted inwards this" country
wi of e\ cry law of. nations ; and 1 do'
4 that this country i. bound and is justified
.tiatifig upon her. If it he said that the las •
ations ought riot to be observed, I do from'p,
art protest against such a principle. I do
Ant nothing but the 'oust urgent necessity can wee •
V•11t its nousobservantc. lf,Thowever, yonr enecti,
will not be bound by it. I do think that you hai,
no other resort but that of going buck to tn.
primiplesi laid . looking to sett-pr. servation.—
Mon+ las been said of the intriivment of ueu•
teal rights, but I have heard very little said o
neutral- duties. In the openinun of those ()rdei..
in Council, it never Was in the contemplation n
the framers of them to oppose neutral rights. I
America suffer, it 13 v.itAt is own oidable when
her interest is so connected as in the present wai
tiet..eitu this country and France. These measures
isezilatt America were alone intended to env
l`rance., not so injure or infringe epon the rights of
tzatnils.- Every thing, and every concession, com-
Tientsin' wieb the deteue,i of the country, I dc
• -- • fill, of neutrals. Awe-
,eo to the Colonies
her owu consurrip-
thip to require of a
an enemy's colon),
for such admission.
you have a right
you think tit. It
istrd towards Antte-
misunderstanding
do not believe it;
ily persuaded that
10,73 these measures
that I think she will,
actuated Ly no hostile
• whatever injtny she
unavoidable ou oar
preservation and ex-
Ainerica should not
Joe every thing in its
security, to VICCOM4IO.
prowl it has been
the prosoerity of the
Different has been the
All eora monies-
interdicted, un.ier
.• independence. The
America, I do contend,

bras heel one cootinued recce of insult and injury.
Or. at 13-itein hie. or. the contrary, uniformly
seta oith moderatital and forbearance, and with
every wish .: c ~. eats amity and friendship be.
twos*. tiro OD antrie .. lam teal:died, from all
aitsi:t.e consular:di° s, and from the good sense of
ehollerica, that do tuptute will take place between
iligetd has. A great deal of objection had been
*MN et ilast the shape of these Orders in Council,
get paitiovlar times at which they had been
egatest their brine too rigorous ; but I
eillt. . lillolb.r will feel the weakness of these
' mod agree that Airy beer been founded
eves 'the) justice, are. um. These Oran, I
tp.
otilloliele.o will cause severe privations, ere the
Caution*. and, suit uoo i the head of ie Tyrant
*senate intended to be entailed ri:,on us.' The
pc sierkia which we bee is awfol beyond exa.nple.
awhile 44,0 tin which we are engaged. erre ne-
velt, pseeetlent. %Vetter possessed of the dominion of
basso, Freisereof the land, on footing of complete
oqindili t and I will add, sietenor in resource to
hert - regret teelistor so touch clamour aa has been
missdeity I know sot whet ittfatuatie,, for peace at
the ewesient moment. Are those who are melt ad-
vocate. for that measure, satisfied that it would be
a eke*, solid, and safe one?—l very much fear
that so
_INIOCC of the kind could be obtained at pre.
soots lam satisfied, that by carrying on the coo-
tie* with that spirit and energy that become a free
People, the issue will be speedy, honourable, and
glances."
Earl Tserte thought his Hon. Friend, who had
:lost sa' down, had depleted from the investigation
of the qupstion bernre the !lease. He couteuded,
that the prieriple of selferestervation laid down by
his Hen. Fricid in defence of these Orders of
' Council, was not made out. If it had been, he
would admit it to be a juititication of them. The
injury do: e to Neutrals, it was contended, was
saavoidala, amid we with a view to the ultimate
toptry and atitioyautot of the enemy. He con-
t.:elided, thic. we could have no rielit to attack Neu-
toile directly to injure the enemy collaterally. The
Order issued jay Ili. Malesty's late Goverimient, in
January, 1807, was it veil no gronnds totally &s-
-tied from Lim present Order,. The former e. as in
colifurinity with the Laws of Nations, the
afteriu direct violation of them. In order to jus-
tify our conduct towsrds Ansericas it will be tutees-
may to shear that Jibe acquiesced in the provisions
of the Ficitai 'Decree. The contrary, hewecer,
appears to be the fart. On the appearance of the
Frew+ Decree, in Noveuifirr, the American Mi-
tester required re explanation of it, stating, that it
was ountrace to the Treaty of Amity aud Com-
anerce existing between Aniciica and France. The
answer of the hlinistor of Marine was, that it was
not in the contemplation of the French Decree to
affect American shies. He hail heard it said, that
this was idle assertion ; but he would be glad to R::',,
if the communication of the explanation of this
Diicree, by the President of the United States om
America to Congress, was bottling more than idle
sitter: ion ? It wits a wail-k.ioivn tat t, that the mer-
e:haute of the country, whose ruinous upon these
Orders in Council were rertnitly the most correct,
and who uniformly complained of them, had not
in coassouence of French IDecree been oMi ged
to pay a siogle additional shilliug inittrattre on
the trade between this cent try and Ameiita.o;-
Spain was eltiged to issue a similar Decree at the
time France lased her. An American ship was
liroight into a tlpanise port for vsolstion of this
L.erce t *be was brought to trial at the Prize
Court, and ordered to ,:e reloesed. Another in-
securu occurred i:i Frunee, Awe an Anieriean
shin, limit r tlc gam neiniumetadete, was released.—
What # he it oithi nalc, -cohltl.lett so -cruirioeing as
thcse rarer ? e.,:.i:0 hat cowiltVotere strieigly slew
that it was not: the nitentioe of France to injure
Cr rest.iee Aeaeritaa traders? More were other
Lets wOieli orstre Mr. Altinivie's, (the Ame-
rican Amiatisailor here), letter to Mr. Secretary
Causing. stating it not to be the intention of

resseelle interfere *Wu the trade of America. In
e teeth of all this evidence, and three week.; after
e receipt of Mr. Mourosesletter to Mr. Causing,
eae Orders in Council app eared. It is aid that
merlon did not obtain the revocation of the
. reach Decree—out how could they be expected
t may not, nor wee nut in her power to do so.—
rile Noble Lord proceeded to consider the Orders
Council as contradictory to the established
nrinciples of municipal law ; quoting purl or the
Maria Cliar:a, with the Commentary of .3!on-
• esquieut to prove that this country ever had con-
sidered the rights of, even foreign merchants as
art of their own constitutional liberty ; heuce, he
maintained, the et ation of the King s prerogative
the publicaion of these Ordere, and their en-
forcement, had effectually violated the established
taw of the land. The rights of war should only
ne exerted by the King ou the. property of the
enemy. and by no mean* should they be ex-
tended to that of Tic utrals. This nieneure bad
even proceeded so far as to raise a tax, and
levy *applies, without consent of Parliament.--
N ith respect to the policy of the tuesanee it-
self. if the inexplicable nature of the orders per-
mitted him to say he could form any just to
even of their tendency, he snug .acknowledge his
decided conviction of their tendency to injure our
trade, depreciate our character among otherius-
tions, and deprive us of the means of meeting the,
pressing emergencies of the times. These orders,
us affecting the sugar and cotton trade, heal the
worst possible effect. He could never comprehend
how this measure could be delionibiated a retails-
tiou, since it affected primarily ourselves, and next
our allies. The French would contentedly
.suffer
seam ewtharraanueut and smut of convemenee,
ili well apprised that the sinews of our strength
lititrA our commerce. Hence the whole force of
injurious system reverted on ourselves. He
concluded with expire. slog a most anxious wish
that a formal protest b:.01111t be entered against the

110e41.1aft. . .
Mr. Rose rove to answer the statement of the
Noble Lord ; he was surprised to Rad h:in recur-
ring to Magna (Carta to prove that the pre-
seat Ministers had violated the Statute Law of the
Laud. 03 va.iotts occasions the law had been die-
pented with, for the convenience of trade, and the
purposes of prompt and vigorous policy. But snch
instances were always pubtied by the nature of the
case. On this ociassion our conduct had been con-
trouled by necessity, and America had little con-
sulted her interest in expressing her resentment.'
He strongly rtrnonstrated against the too prevalent
spirit of concessiou to America, in the late treaties
concluded with that country, and dated the in-
crease of our trade from ladia to foreign markets,
sad the prooortionate advance of that of America,
' from the signing of the last treaty iu 1794. He
was sorry to perceive that America should have
Iconceived the intentions of this country to be hos-
tile to her interests. He for his pert totally agreed
in the sentiment delivered to the House by his
Right Honourable Friend, the Chancellor of the
Exchequer, a few evenings ago, that the interests
of America and this country were mutual and reel-
, procal. He was anlious that she should divest
herseliot that tetliug of resentment and dissatis-
a factio.. which had need solely excited by inter-
i ested ;ad factious members of that Republic, for
ledicting auunion in views awd spirit with the go-
. vernmcat of fri ace, our implacable enemy.
, Mr. Hainaut professed himself hostile to the
. meaoures pursued ay Ministers towards neutral
Inations. He traced the necessary consequences of
the Orders of Council upon our own trade, and
I highly disapproved of them. Our conduct, he
I feared, would but unite the energies of all neutral

nations against us.
Mr. W. SMITH combatted the statements of the
Right Honourable Mover. Ile was anxious the
Government of this country should not degrade
her character in the eyes of Europe, by conde-
scending to adopt the principle of insporting'the
manufactures of this country into France, on a
contraband and contracted scale. We were trouble
to bear up against the decrease in our revenue, and
the consumption of our manufacture. Vent for
these must be procured, or our prosperity must be
annihilated. Was it then just or expedient to let
this country rest all its hopes of disposing of her
wares by the uncertain and unsafe expedient
of smuggling theta into France by neutral
bottoms; for such must be the natural coo-
sequence of the decrees r,. w in force on oar
part and that of France ? It would, he contended,
he much better to permit America, who was the
only neutral nation to whom we could confide our
gods, to carry on a direct trade between her own
country and France. He warned the Government
of this country of the danger to be apprehended
from the resentment of America. She was the
providore of this country in corn, to the vast amount
of several hundred thousand quarto,* moonily. A
motion, such so the present, which thus threatened
us with starvation on the one hand, should, for
consiiteney's sake, be followed up by the Ministry
with a bill far the general inclosure of waste and
unproductive land on the other. He wished much
Ministers could have proved the necessity and ur-
gency of that measure, whose defence alone rested
on the clear and undeniable proof of that necessity.
lie also wished, since .50 much conciliatory lan-
gcsge had late.: fallen from the opposite side of
the House, a little of the spirit of conciliation had
directed their conduct, and entered into their sys-
tem of politics.
Lord Hasse Pv.vvv, in a most animated and
eloquent speech, as-ierted the inadequacy, inspoliey,
and injustice of the measures under consideration.
"I am surprised," said he, to perceive, that after
the various and able answers which hate been given
to the speecb of the Right Hon. Gentleman who
opened the present debate, no attempt has been
made, in reply, by any of His Majesty s Ministers.
I era more diet all surprised to first, that the
Hight lion. Gentleman who had, early to the even-
ing, attempted to answer the staten.ents of my
Noble Friend, should hove so completely forgotten
himself, had the part which he has hitherto acted,
As to express his dissatisfactims at the system of
-oneemion adopted by thiscountrytawards Arnetira.
Who could have conceived, that time man wbo had
been most active in the tsar: this country had taken,
in forming those treaties, denominated treaties of
entirese:on, elleald he the person to ri-e in this
' t linage; to impeach the policy of there cow:en:pas?

The ohjeetserAhe port of that tardy of 1704 wen
continued while he remained actually the Presineot
of the X1)11al. a Trade; these were renewed in May.
letr7, and at this Mcmeat they arc ahout to be
renewed, I wideretsind, by the advice aud consent
of the flight Hops tecotleinan. In one pert of hilt
tpeeeleire has spoken of his anxious wish foe con-
ciliation • in another, he has declared himself the
frieud of meet unparalleled aggression, and ac
teeny to any specie* of concession. If ever there
was a crisis at which it might be awfully imports:at
nut to niietaks violence for .vigour, or cannon lee
cowardice, certainly it is the present. No justi-
licutiou of the measure before the House sLeuld be
received, except • perfect jastiticatiou--tei dams-
viol] on it should he purtial—emdecision premature.
Some have &dialect' in justiticatiou, that this mea-
sure will provide rebel to our colonies in assisting
in the disposing of oar colonial produce; and next,
to a means of increasing our revenue by a new
species or taxation ; it indeed is ludicrous at this
day to hear it advanced, that France, which has
Withstood the united assaults of coalition* abroad,
dissensions, anarchy, poverty, and masilltere at
home, shall, at length, be compelled to yield by
the terrific inconvenience of being not deprived of
her colonial produce, but of being compelled to
pay a greater price for it. Are sugar and coffee of
.such vast importance to that country, that an in-
crease of price in those two articles of consump-
tion would effect a revelation of sentiment mei
government in it ?—Ridiculous suppoitioul—
This has b.•en said to 1.3 founded en a pnaciple of
retaliation ; that is, we retaliate the evils brought
on us by the enemy, only on the unoreudiug.
The injury falls instantaneously on the neutral,
and ouly indirectly oil the enemy. Compared with
such a measure, the order of the 7th of January
was a fair system of retaliation, and consistent with
the laws of uatione. (Hear I Hear ! from the Trea-
sury Beach.) 1 say it was a species of mitigated
retaliation, sedulously attentive in its enactment to
distinguish the innocent from the guilty. To the
hard conditions nominally imposed by France, Ame-
rica had never in termsor practice snbinitted. Nor Las
the Et. lien. Secretary for Foreign Afi'aire, after ell
the anxiety he hasexpressed for information on this
subject. and an inquiry maintaiued for near ten
months, been able to discover en instance of her
submission. (hi the contrary. I have it from the
very best authority, that but three vesiels were etp-
tures' under that edict, each of whien was restored
on an aprilication to the Admiralty-Court of the
enemy, with all the costs aud damages attending
their detention. Can it be then said, that Ame-
rica is a party in the trausaction ? Of this, all de-
scriptions of people are now well convinced ; and I
am happy to announce to the House sod the cone--
try, that, in the decision which has this uight taken
place in the other House, the good sense of the
country is already triumphant, (alluding to the de-
feat of Ministers on Lord Grenville's motion) ; and
the dark maehinatioee of corruption and injnstive
are no longer able to lade the honour and interests
of a great nation from the inquiring spirit of an
enlightened people. (Hear! hear! re-er/toed through
the floase)—The Justification of these measures
at first rested on the Scene Articles of Tilsit.—
These Secret Articles disappeared, and they next
rested on the assertion that Government had peal-
tive data that in that arrangement there existed a
secret understanding against all trade between the
other nations of Europe and England. Of this,
no proof has been afforded to the country, nor can
he, since Ministers would be undoubtedly happy
to grunt it, fsr their own exculpation, if they pos-
zessed it.--They have it. noL Our conduct then
has alarmed the pride and excited the ressutrusut
of America, which, had not these Orders unfortu-
nately estranged, it is more more than probable the
letter of Monsieur Itegnier would have exasperated
agaiust France, aud have caused her to make a
common interest with us, though perhaps still
averse to enter into positive hostilities with the
French Government. The grand question next
comes to be resolved :—Have the true com-
mercial interests of this country. been injured by
the conduct of His Majesty's Ministers in advising
the hostile atftside we have assumed to neutral na-
tions ?. We are the great inanuthcture..e of the
world, and depend solely on the exportation of
those manufactures for our support. It is of
little consequence to tell us that our Decree will
ultimately compel the French to violate the
laws of their own country to procure the return
of commerce, while our manufacturers are
compelled to have recourse to midnight pluu.
der and highway robbery to avoid &nava-
non. Can we even export oar goods to Ame-
rica ? No ; by depriving them of a direct trade
to the Continent, we subject them to capture atter
touching at any of our ports. and deprive them of
the means of purchasing in our markets, since
thee have no longer side for their own produce at
Ists7.7e. Bat this probable tile reformetion we shall
effect in France, will not be that of taste only. By
long disuse of those articles of hitherto daily con-
sumption. they will probably discover a substitute,
and its use becoming general, West. India produce
will fall in proportion. This argument applies
more strongly to articles of our home manufacture;
and hence the West ladia Merchant and the Bri-
tish Manufacturer, suffer equally from the impolicy
of the measure. I wish to add a few, and but • few,
words on that subject already so amply discussed,
the Belligerent rights of this country. We are,
it ems, entitled to protect our trade by even se-
saultiug, on the high seas, thavemels of a neutral
States His Majesty's cruisers are empowered to
enforce the Decree, and the captain of a vessel of
war brings a neutral vessel into our ports, tweet-
ing the hard necessity which compels him to have
recourse to these measures; hat mark the soothe
change on corvine into last. The Navy Officer is
changed into an Excise Officer, the cant of neves-
bay, and regret for peat violence. is soddenly
dropped, and the captive informed, that now he
has touched at a British pore, he may, by paying
the port fees and duties, prescribed. iy these Ce-
ders, obtain a passport to preserve him f out far-
ther molestation on his voyage to an enemy's port.
" Terpiur ems elirivv4 Is pleolllll
Mawr (anima aaparaa."
Strings aud uneecoentable (+anise! The Ameri-
can Captain is astonished, and is vain dernaed i the
reason of this extraordinary procedure. He rejects,
however. the proffer of protection since that would
occasion bas capture by dm Frearl, were it detect.

ed in ins papers. But ler?peating to say he has al-
ready a ccnificete cf origin, he is informed that
circumstance alone renclue him again liable
to cartutc. What, in auch si situation, must lie
do ? In fart, Sir, there is no• end to the various
phientiinena •ii.troiluced iuto the political world by
this most ett;aor.lisary measure. It is similar to
sitspzusiou of the Oatc.;s Copts Act. here, for the
rarimsi of connniug certato persons of whose
loyalty we have stispicioils, and whom we dread as
disnerous members of so.iety, who, as soon as taken
into custody., we ava. informed, may procure their
enlargemc.it, by paying a email tine to the keeoer
of the prieou ci nub These Ucerees admit also a
neutiai vessel Easy sail to restricted port
direct. `et not return hoarse with a back car-
go, union she touch et some port of Great Bri-
tain. A vessel. for instance, salts from Messina
to a port of the Itiogdem of Noples--on returning
she is captured by int guglish Britt of war, forsooth,
becnitit, having a cure on bosid, die did not sail
to Great Britruu prior to her return harm". Nu_
incrotis cases might be adduced c,qusily tidiculons.
However. I will not trespass one cur tiino longer,
but trust that from all that baa ixen urged, •the
/louse will refuse to go into the second reading of
the Bill."
After a reply of considerable length from Lord
CASTLIMAGII, which the lateness of ~e
the House frevents our giving to. the Public, the
House divided. and there appeared, for the
second reading of the Bill,
Ayes SU
Noes 94

Majority for the second reading, tan
The House the divided ou the propriety of p-
ing into a Committee on the bill. There appeared
for going into Committee—
Ayes 147
Noes 35

Majority •94
Thallonsethe,' adjuurued, at FOUR o'CLOCIC
i the mnrni;g.

THEATRES.—DRURY-I,ANE : This Evening, a
New Open, ' KAU!. OR, LOYR IN war Masa Tf
with ELLA Roarenanc.--COVENT-GAHDEN This
1...7.111nm, II Nvis Consedy, IllenoXT. DULL C•it •
oa, How WILL IT Ea n ? a New Comic 13a Let, called,
Puoa JACK • an, Tea Batrzwonsas Tnas or OLD
EXCLAIM; 11,11 LOON AND Keit%
ATOTLT-IrTREET trIfTTITETN.,,V.
The Patroassers sad Suheeribent are requested to owl tat
&eft Trekras sa soon as possible, as • tic Aamanbites bi dts
Saloon Theatre will COININSIDOE on Munday Next, die tad
blatant, with a Crane. Ccucert,
ucal Perform s,

Mr.. Ilitri 111...dysceoN, ne D'Atmsi,
Modame M:411'1'1.'11, firitrAuf ilk AI:LTV:II s.
The Orehebtro csotaisa, as st yoirr He erst Prufessent
Grand Piaos Forte, Mr. G.T.disast-4..trader of the Baas,
Mr. IVElcHwri.t..
The Concerts will positively begia •at lial:-ier.t Wine
etluek preelsely. The Secretary attends at dm ('Foe every
day (Sundays excepted) from One till flee o'eliiiek. *

THE BRITISH PRESS.

LONDON.
FRIDAY. FLIIIILIAILT 19.

Interesting Debates took place, last nirt, it in
both Houses of Parliament. That in the House of

I-

l'

Lords completely exposed the weak:mass of
tors. Lord Gas)it.txxs moved an Address to His
1.1.1111.iTY, for the production of all intelligence

received iu the mouth of October, previous to the P
issuing of the Orders of Council of the 9th of :No-
vember, relative to any more rigorous execution of
the French Decree of November, laud. Upon this
important motion 11linistcrs were outvoted by a
Majority of nine, the embers being--ator Lord
GRENVILLE.* motion 47—Aguinst it 38. TV,
discomfiture excited great alarm in the Sliuodetul
ranks. Every exertion was made to procure the
attendance of their friends. Dispatches, messenger.,
and expreoes flew in all directions; and the Minis.
terial benches, in the course of the night, presented
an accession of strength, but by no means so great
as might be expected from so much exertion. A 4
second division tool• place upon Viscount Stn.
SWUMS motion, that no measure should be taken
to employ the Danish navy, so as to preclude

its eventual restoration, when the number* we.c--•
For the motion, sl—Against it, 105, including 44
proxies. The tone of the Opposition, however, was
not in the least lowered by the resul'c of this cezend
trial. Upon a view of the whole proceeding
of the night, they considered themsch es as liiivit•
obtainecFa decided advantage. The tide of pub: e
opinion begins to set in strong against the Minis-
ters anal their new morality.

The Court Martial merely met yent'rday on the
Trial of General WIIITZLOCILE, and adjoarard
over until Monday, on account of indispotation
ofone of its Members, Lord Latta,
The Cork Mercantile CAroniek, of the tith inst.
annosaces the receipt of letters from Liebou of t:.e
156 January, sta.ting, that " all American rent:,
were permitted to rail from Lisbon so the day pore
codicil! the 15th of January.—This," addi die Cor4
paper, " proves that the Vrench D..orees amnia in
operation iNaitist American trade, and wsy have a
decisive influence on the imaduct of Amens*, !riet4
respect to these. countries."
A proposal has been made, by Owernmerkt, to
the boat builders at Dover, for building as mans
flat-bottomed bouts a* they could ria,i‘bly come
plete, within the sperm of six week'.
The Preston Esht lncliarnan, for which consider/
able apprehensions were entertained, has arnvcd
!de with the tord Nelson, and thigh Inglis, !Witt•
rota, and several other outward-bound %easels, at
Portsmouth.

trot ar•=o prr Can. 1a ...Mll Ia p Ceut. Cu..... 6311
LONDOtTirPriated by G. DAVIDSON, tf;Dabes.
eq•urt, .atreet, Cereal-pries, pabilete4 at tke
t)ft-ce, Ito. Is, Patti of at. amines Chord, Strati, bl
sTVCIL, of No. 7, New Ileltserearret, Lem-Aavt,.•
Or.'^vs, Ar. for that Paper, s to thralls* (,u Pala
will be iinly attuded to.

i~

ata Anton were m favour of t
tio:a was, as befotP, admitted to gr
and bring batik thtir pro•luce for ht
tt;on, 1 cat.inot cont.der it a hellish
N e astral whom you admit to go te at
to be sahiect tocertein restrictions ft
If yam bare a ri-,•11Cto iaterdict it,
to pientoot mad; regulation as ye
has bilhossiid measure., adopt
aftesoidl be likely to produce r
ltetweinalear end tills couutr:,7.
ea too contrary, i oat thoroughly
Ara:aerate will free, w vies
twith that temper and coot ono that
that thin enantcy has been actr.att
taelisageweast her, inn that whi
me* nattily?, wag ebactintely one
part; and intioltenstble to our psi
!Peace. It-is itnpeti bte that Air
Me the' this couatty had done e
power caripati bie With Seed
aAte and edited:race !ter. 1
to; co.tvineed as 1 am, that the
one ia that of the other. Differ'
treatment of France to America.
'ten whh Coen Britain has been
the threat of destroyin her ion
enatitteL of France towards Amer
has heel one co:.tinuad acute of