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he same the crime, and battle/ thatlle earn, theta with answering questions. I would not believe him* on- his oath,
the same intentions as themselves; tar that bearing a /Mite, which unless the evidence which he gave was substantiated by other testi-
was succeeded her groans, ha gut up, 'struck a light, and armed many.
himself with a knife in his dermek and had but that minute en- lesagdon Hayden examined by Mr. P;.arr.—l am a land.
ttred the room before them. surveyor. I have known John 'Mullen for some years. I never
•••Ttrese awsertiomt ware( swayed. ho was kept is close custody heard anything of him contrary to humanity and good conduct un-
until morning, when he was taken before a neighbouring Justice of , til the present time. I thought him a liberal, open-hed,
the Peace, to whom the evidence appeared so decisive, that on humane inam
writing out his mittimus, he hesitated not to 'say, `Mr. Bradford, By the Curer.—N7 acquaintance with him continued uninter-
*biter. you or mewl( committed this murder.' Ii rupteti. I never lost sight of him since the period of our fast ac-
" At dui emitting Assizes at Oxford, Bradford was tried, con- quaintance.
relied, and shortly after executed, still, however, declaring that he Cant. 31•Kinlay, examined by Mr. PLATS—I am a Captain in
liras not guilty of the murder. This afterwards proved to be true; the Navy. John Thurtell was under my command, as officer of
the .murder was actually committed by 31r. Hayees footman, who Marines, for two years, from 1812 to 1814, in the Ikiluna trigate,
immediately on stabbing his master rifled his pockets, and oicaped which I then commanded ; his character appeared to me to be that
of a
to his own roan, which was scarcely two seconds before Bradford's humane and kind man.
entering the du:tuber. The world owes this knowledge to a re. By the Court—l have known nothing of him since the year
'weer of conscience of the footman on his death-bed, eighteen mit
months after the murder; and, dying almost immediately after he Mr. ll'almsler, examined by Mr. ANDREWS—I am an officer of
had made die declaration, justice last its victim. the Sheriff* of Middleseic I always found John Thurtell, whom I
"It is, hoe/ever., remarkable that Bradford, though ir.nocent„ know to be a humane man.
and not at all privy to the murder, was nevertheless a murderer in The evider.ce fur the defence of Thurtell here closed.
design. Ile•confessed to the clergyman sib° attended him after his
sentence, that having heard that Mr. Hives hail a large sum of
money about him, he went to the chamber with the sante diaboli.
cal intentions as the servant. He was struck with amazement, he
could not believe his senses; and in turning back the bed-clothe'
to assure himself of the fact, he, in his agitation dropped his knife
on the bleeding body, by which both his hand and the knife be-
came stained, and thus increased the auspicious circumstances in
which he was found."
" In the year 1712, a gentleman, in travelling, was stopped by
• highwayman in a mask, within about seven miles of 11a, and
ribbed of a pnrse containing 20 guinnue. The gentleman pro-
ceeded chant two miles further, and stopped at the Bull Inn, kept
by Hr: Brunel'. He related die circumstances of the robbery,
adding, that as all his gold was marked, he thought it probable
that the robber would be detected. After he had supped, his host
cowed the room, and told him a circumstance had arisen which
lid him to think that he could point out the robber. lie then in-
formed the gentleman that he had a waiter, one John Jennings,
whose conduct had long been very suspicious; he had long before
d.ek sect him out to change a guinea for him, and that he had
only come hack since he (the gentleman) was in the house, 'eying
he could not get charge; that ,Jennings beizf in liquor, be ICU
him to bed, resolving to discharge him in the morning; that at
the time he returned him the guinea he discovered it was not the
same he bad given him, but was marked, of which he took no
further notice until he heard the particulars of the robbery, and
that the guineas which the highwayman bad taken were e'l marked.
He added, that he had unluckily paid away the marked guinea to
a man who lived at some distance.
"Mr. Brunch was thanked for his information, and it was resolved
to go softly to the room of Jennings, whom they found fast asleep;
his pockets were searched, and trom one of them was drawn a
purse containing exactly nineteen guineas, which the gentleman
identified. Jennings was dragged out of :red and charged with the
robbery. Ile denied it most solemnly ; but the facts having been
deposed to on oath by the gentleman and Mr. Brunel!, he was
committed for triad.
" So strong did the circumstances appear against Jennings, that
several of his friends advised him to plead guilty, and throw him-
self on the mercy of the court. This advice he rejected ; he was
tried at the ensuing assizes, and the jury, without going out of
court, found him guilty. Ile was executed at Hull a short time
after, but declared his innocence to the very last.
" In less than twelve months after this event occurred, Brunel',
the master of Jennings, was himself taken up for a robbery can-
mined on a guest in his house, and the fact bring proved on his
trial, he was convicted and ordered for execution.
" The aPproach of death brought on repentance : and repen-
timer. confeneion. Brunell not only acknowledged having tom-
, mined many ghway robberies, but also the very one for which
poor Jennings suffered. The acccunt he gave was, that after rob-
bi..g the gentleman, he unired at home some time before him.
That he Mind a man et home waiting, to whom be owed a small
bill, and not having quite enough of money, he tante out of the
purse one guinea from the twenty which he had just possessed him.
self of, to make up the sum, which he paid to the Oran, who then
went away. Soon after the gentleman came to his house, and re.
feting the account of the robbery , and that the guineas: were mark-
ed, he became thunderetruek !. Having paid one of them away,
and not daring to apply for .t again, as the affair of the robbery ond
the marked guineas would soon become publicly known, detection,
disgrace, and ruin, appealed inevitable. Turning in his mind
every way to escape, the though; of accusing and sacrificing poor
Jawing' at last struck him ; and thus to hie other crimes he added
that of the murder of an innocent man.
" J :act Ai. Parc irrrariow.—The ease of ill. del,ivarditre
is one of the most singular instances of criminal precipitation and
'iniquity that the annals of French justice furnish. Madame de
Chstivelin, his second wife, was accused of having had him as-
geminated in his castle. Two servant maids were witnesses of the
' Dundee; his own daughter heard they's; and last words other father:
'My Ood, have mercy upon me !' One of the maid servants, fall-
ing dangerously ill, took the sacrament; nnd while she was per-
'forming this solemn act of religion, declared before God that her
mistress intended to kill her master. Several other witneossatoul.
rib/admit they had seen linen stained with his blood ,• others de-
dared that they had heard the report of a gun, by which the 1111.•
soisination was supposed to have been committed. And yet,
swinge to relkte, It turned out after all that there was no gun fired,
law blood shed, nobody killed ! What remains is still more extra-
ordinary i M. de la Fivardiere returned home; he aping?rs la per-
ono before the judges of the province, who were preparing every
thing to execute vengeance on his murderer. The judges are re-
solved not to their process • they affirm to his face that ho
,dead; they brand him with the accusation of imposture for saying
that he is alive ; they tell him that he deserves exemplary punish-
ment for coining elle before the tribunal of justice ; and maintain
that their procedure is mere credible than his testimony ! In a
word, dais criminal process continued eighteen months before the
poor gc simian could obtain a declaration of the court that he was,
alive !"

HUNT'S DEFENCE.

Mr. Justice Pats then called upon the prisoner, Hunt, to state
whatever he might wish to offer in his vindication.
Hunt, in a weak and trembling voice, which bespoke deep In-
ward agitation of mind, said—l have a defence, my Lord; but
from the extreme anxiety I feel, I fear I could not rend it with
satisfaction.
The Learned Judge then directed the officer of the Coon to read
llunt's defence.

My Lord,—Having, under a positive assurance that I should
be admitted a witness for the Crown, made a full and tnte confes-
sion of all the facts within my knowledge respecting this horrible
and melancholy event, and having implicitly relied on the good
faith of the Magistrates, for the due performance of their solemn
promises, made previously and subsequently to my disclosure, I
forbore to make the slightest preparation for my defence ; and after
your Lordship shall be mode acquainted with all the circumstances
under which that confession was drawn from me, your Lordship's
feeling and compassionate heart will be able to appreciate, although
I am unable to describe, thk painful emotions of surprise and dis-
appointment by which I was overwhelmed, when, only a few days
before the Assizes, it was notified to me, for the first time, that I
was to be placed in my present perilous and awful situation.
Your Lordship will perceive, that the very circumstance
which I was told would procure me forgiveness, and ensure my
safety, has alone rendered me amenable to the laws—namely, my
own disclosure and declarations ; for, although the prosecutors may
not offer my confession in evidence, yet, as that confession has been
published in every newspaper in the kingdom, and has been circu-
lated in many thousand primphlets, and been the subject of uni-
versal =venation, is it probable, or even possible, that any of
the gentlemen who are now sitting in judgment on my case, can be
ignorant that such a confession has been made? How futile, then
and unavailing, would be any observations or arguments to raise
a presumption of the innocence of a man, who already, to ar'
certain extent, stands self-condemned. Feeling myself in this
dilemma, I shall abstain from troubling your Lordship with
any detail of facts or observations upon the main question in.
volved in the indictment, but merely assert, that I was not
present when the unfortunate deceased lost his life, and that
I was ignorant of any premeditated plan or intention to de- I
army him ; I never knew of the Murder until after it was com-
mitted ; my crime consists solely in concealment; and my disco-
very could not bring the dead to life: my error arises, not from
any guilt of my own, but from my concealment of the guilt of
others. lam now on my trial Ibr having been privy to the previous
design--I never was ; I certainly concealed it afterwards, sooner
than betray the misfortune whkh had been confided to me. Your
Lordship, however, will, I am sure, tell the gentlemen of the
jury that no concealment or conduct of mine after the death will
make out the present chatge ; and I hope both your Lordship and
these gentlemen are too just and merciful to convict me from pre-
judice, and not from proof.
I now, my Lord, most respectfully solicit your humane atten-
tion to the following statement :
On the morning of Wednesday, the 29th of October, I was
apprehended in Londdn, and directly conveyed to Wilford, where
an investigation was wing on respecting the then nsrpoard otrefer
of Mr. Weore. On my snivel I found several Magistrates as-
sembled, and Mr. Noel, who was apparently conducting the pro-
secution, addressed me es follows :—" Mr. Hunt, for God's sake,
tell the Magistrates whatever you know of this murder, and in all
probability you will be admitted nan evidence. It is clear that
Mr. Ware has been muttered, and we only want to find where the
body b, and if you know, for God's sake tell tn.' I repeatedly
denied all know/edge' of the circumstance, and Mr. Noel as fre-
quently importuned and urged me to confess. At last the Magis-
trates said, ' Mr. Hunt, you had better retire and consider the oder
made to you, and recollect your perilous situation.' I was then
conveyed into another room, and was presently followed by Mr.
Noel, who, in the presence bf Ruthven and Upson, repeatedly
told me that if I would tell where the body was (provided I did
not actually commit the murder), that I should be admitted as an
evidence, and my life would be spared; and added, that the Ma-
gistrates had authorized him to make a pledge to this effect. Still,
however, I was firm in my denial, and continued so until Upson
the officer tortured my feelings by the Mention of my family. He,
said to me, ' Hunt, you have a mother ?' I answered, ' Yes, I

The prisoner having read these anecdotes, which omit in succes-
sion in the volume of the •6 Percy Anecdotal" entitled Jostice..de.
didted to Lord Eldon, turned to another part of the same book,
front which he read the following observation of Voltaire on the
fate of Illonthaille, who had been condemned, without accuser or
witness, to a cruel death t•-66 Thepen trembles in my hand," says
Voltaire, " when I relate these enormities ! We have seen by the
letters of several French lawyers, that not one year passes in which
one tribunal or another does not stain the gibbet or the
rack with the bloat of unfortunate citizens, whose innocence is af-
terwards ascertained when it is too late."
Thurtell procealcd--The next and last case to which I am de-
-1 sirous of calling the attention of the Jury, is that of Richard Cole-
man, who was tried at Kingston in 174 N. I will not tronhle the
(Court with a detail of the trial, but simply confine myself to a
brief statement of the outline of the MAC. There Coleman had
been seen to go across a road with a girl a few minutes before she
was murdered. As the murder could not be traced to any other
source, this was tortured into circumstantial evidence, and the man
was tried on the alight circumstantial evidence that the circum-
stance of his Laving been ado with a girl afforded • he was con-
victed anti executed. After his execution several persons were
taken up--one of them, Nicholls, turned approver, and the rest
were tried and executed, on the same charge on which the °thee had
been wrongfully sentenced to death. Such, elentlemen, are the
instances we hind of convictions founded solely on circumstantial
evidence. Anti I now expect front you, that in the exercise of a
judicious motion upon such evidence, you will give me the benefit
of whatever doubts may arise in your minds upon what has been
stated to you. Nay, more; I expect that unless you find in the
evidence something that is irreconcilable with my innocence, you
will dismiss me from the dock end return a verdict of acquittal.
This is a benefit which the law allows me, and which, lam sure,
your hearts will not deny me. I now appeal to a British Jury, to
whose breasts mercy is no stranger. They will feel for my situa-
tion ; they will rot, without full and all-sufEcient deliberation, cat
me off iti the summer of my days —although it is not foe myself
I now feel so much as for my family ; for those whose reputation is
spot:ess and unstained ; for thins; sham I love and cherish, and
whose home my death will make desolate. [The prisoner was
deeply affected, even to the shedding of tears., at this part of his
speech and an allusion to his family in the course of the trial always
produced a marked expression of concern in his eotintenance.l
However, let my fate be what it may, I shall look forward with
sweet tor niesure to my future state, front a full and entire consci-
ousness of my innocence. Although there are no persons here pee.
sent this day, who nittstflOt have been horror-struck at the narration
which th,:y have Ward, yet I hope that there is not one also who
clod not believe me innocent, and incapable of the crime which has
been laid to my charge. I hope too, that they believe I have only
spoken the genuine and sincere sentiments of my heart. To than I
cannot express a kinder wish than that I trust they ore as inno-
cent as I ant. I would address them even In the language of the
Apostle, `• NI-odid you were ouch as I am, except thome Loads."—
Gentlemen, my existence hangs upon your breath; that existence I
cannot more safely confide than to the sacred institution of a
British Jury—an institution which is the pride and bassi of our
own country, and the admiration and envy of all the world—
i have now laid before you the mints which I felt myself &led
upon to offer in my vindication. Whether they may be available
for my full vindication or not, it is for you to decide, but, whatever
may be the result of your decision, I again call upon you to bear
witness to this my last solemn declaration t " I son innocent, u
help me God !" •
TOVIRTII4 the latter part of tha foregoing address; Thurtell was
deeply affected. In alluding to his family, and to the disgrace
which his conviction might inflict upon them, he abed tears. The
mincer of his delivery was bold, resolute, and vehemently intonesionate. Ilia voice is susceptible of every variation of tour, from
the lowest cadence of expression to the high& pitch ; and his deli-
very, aided by his very personable appearance and confidence of
department, was really a piece of very line declamation. Tilt:Jury
and the crowded audience were extremely attentive whilst he was
speaking, mad the narration of his misfortunes excited a strong and
lively sympatny in every breast. The only part of his address in
which lie seemed to lose his perfect aelf-pconninion was that in
which he spoke of Mr. Barbee Isdroniont ; nod in speakismg of that
gentleman, Lis voice and manner bespoke a whet:int and ran-
corous hostility. llis prateatation cf innocence at the close was
I most coy tident cad ininosinn.
.Ir. Justice Pont:, at the termination of Thorn:ins Odeon, I
called epon the prisoner Joseph Bunt to state 214 thing he might
deem available for his defence. I in an intimation being made,
however, that Thortell wintld "refer to have his witnesses pravious-
ly examined, the Learned Jidlge directed that Ilii.it should riot-
-1.117.0 el alder he might thin!: jrrnver to say until Omer time exami-
nation of Thuren's wiirtrod.
1
Tim first witless relied for the defence was Samuel Ni-rolessn ;
examined h' 31r. Awnanw 4.-1 mini a solicitor. ID July, lisln, I
.1 become acquainted with Probed. I was the solicitor who sued cut
a ClMMlil.ioll at bankruptcy against him. lle was committed se.
• ver..l4 on seven or eight exaa.inations, for prevarication and rut

have.' And a wife also ?` I said' Yes.' And you love them
dearly I answered Yes, very dearly.' Then said he, for
I their sakes do not risk suffering an ignominious death, but tell
where the body is, and give your evidence immediately, or you
may be too late; for Probert or theother will disclose, and then no-
thing can save you.'
This address had a great effect upon me, anti Noel perceiving it,
again pressed me, saying, 'Do not hesitate, for you have now a
chance ; consider the situation you are in, and avail yourself of the
offer r.ow made to you, for I an, authorized by the magistrates to
say, that you will be admitted as an evidence for the Crown, and
not treated u the others. You will merely be confined until the
trial, to give yotir evidence, and then be discharged.' On receiving
this assurance, I consented to become a witness, and Mr. Noel then
asked me if I knew where the body was? I told him yea, that I
could not describe the place by name, but I could point it out : on
which, !Ir. Noel struck his hand on the table, and exclaimed,
That's all we want, and shaking me by the hand mid, ' Hunt, I
am very glad you have saved your own life.'

We now returned into the mom where the magistratre were,
and Mr. Noel told them I was ready to make a disclosure, and said,
' I have !suede known to him, by your orders, that if he discover
where the body is, he is to be admitted as an evidence; but before
he says anything, I wish him to have that assurance in your pre-
sence, that he may be satisfied from yourselves that I was author-
ized to make the promise.' The magistrates, Mr. Clutterbuck and
Mr. Mason, replied, that Mr. Noel had their authority for what he
he. date; and then air. Noel said, Now, Mr. Ilunt, having heard
the magistrates' decision as to your being a witness, i hope you are
satisfied, and I beg you will take a seat, and tell us ail you know.'
I then detailed every thing that occurred to my recollection, but
having been apprehended early on the preceding day, conveyed into
the country, and harassed and importuned throughout the night,
it could hardly be expected that I should, at tour or five o'clock in
the morning, lin making a long ,statement, recollcet every cir.
cumstance; indeed, the magistrates were aware that such could nit
be the case, and they told me, that es in the very hurry and ennfu-
lion of the moment, I had no doubt omitted many facts that I
should afterwards on reflection recollect, and if such should be the
case, I had only to address a letter to the ningistrates, and they
would immediately attend to it. Shortly after quitting the room,
several particulars cane to my recollection which I had not named,
and I directly sent for Mr. Noel, and ment oned them to hint. At
9 o'clock in the morning, I went with the officers and pointed out
the spot where the body had been deposited; I was then taken back
to the magistrates to sign my statement, and previous to my being
taken to prison, Mr. Clotterbuek desired that I should be treated
with kindness, and not put under any unnecessary restraint. I was
accordingly conveyed to St. Alban's without being ironed or hand-
culled, and ►as there treated with every possible indulgence.
On being taken before the Coroner, I experienced very diferent
treatment; but still I had no intimation given me that I was not
to be admitted as a witness for the Crown, until just before the pre.
sent indictment was found.
It is perfectly true, that when before the Coroner I was admo-
nished to make no further confession; bat the admonition was a
moc'Aery. I had already, under a solemn promise, confessed every
thing intend ; and the Coroner himself, when he thus affected to
forewarn an, well knew that he and his Jury were that instant,
sitting in iaquest on the body, solely in consequence of my dia.
closur:-; no Jury could have sat—no death could have been proved
—no burly could have been found—no trial could have been had—
but fr ray instrumentality. I was trepanned into a confession by
the ierghtcd faith of the Magistracy of this county. If they break
it now, thvy will not merely in eke me the victim of its violation,