The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-02-25 00:00:00

f.:;.;„: mottor..—
21 I No
,13es - Noes 7 - .. 2
elajotity ageinet the motion - el
FRIENDLY SOCIETIES.
rpm rer re.aihrieeion to the gallery, we found Mr. T. P.
le:raver:AY on his legs, mewing for the appointment of a Seltct
c,,,,orime on the laws respecting Friendly Societies.
Tee Honourable Gentlernan`e teotioa wee agreed to without op-
regien, and the Committee named.
EXPORTATION OF MACHINERY.
Mr, HUM E rose to move the re-eppointrnere of the Committee
to sound :he Arts prohibiting ihe exportation of machinery. Two
.lira were paesed last Session for the repeal of the Combination
Islys, end the law preventing artisans front leaving the ki-gdoin.
Tee Committee which Yee minientleil this measure did not reerm-
reend any aherntion in tie lows pmhibiting the exportation of reti-
e:enter ; and they had concluded their labours at too advanced a
vetied of the Stator, to more for their reappointment. It was a
a qateaten of greet public importance. For his pan, he bad no in- I
west. threet Cr indirect, in the exportehon of machinery ; and bit ,
eeteged of theollouse to believe that not hirg hut a conviction of its
public importance, urieing from mature deliberation, induced him
to tete op the subject. lie krew of no question better ilesetving of
the teems attention of the House. Ile knew that prejudices—,
•
pee u •deeply-rooted—existed upon it; but he felt pleasure in
pee • eeeply-.
eta ieee thataitthin tee year which had past, mr.ny of these pseja-
eices had beeen removed, and the numbers who now opposed the
repeal of terse prohibitory laws were comparatircly few. As to the
Interests of those who should be affected by the repeal of the pro-•
hibitery law, It was as nothing cote.pared with the interest of the
severest, which meet be benefited by the repeal of them lawn.
Ihe removal of the tourictioes on trade was highly creditable to
the Reuse; and should the House remove those prohiliitiorss on
initebinefy, it would he Mond equally advantageous to the country.
he Sit preventing the exporsatien of some kinds of machinery.
and permitting that cf other kintla,• were most contradictory and
shore. Those n:schines which ore prohibited are exported, in
eetraree et the taw; end it is notorious, that the officers of the
Coomus are of oisinion that It is impossible to carry into effect any
Les prohibiting the exportation of machinery. lie (Mr. plume)
advice:earned that during the past year many prohibited articles
hel•tecn shipped, and were carried out at lees expense than tile
del paid in France, machinery regularly imported paid a duty
of Se percent. in France, and the expenses of transit did rut
mint to more than 30 rev cent. ; and if it was sworn in
,ante that the articles were struggled, no duty was charged.
le (Mr. flume) believed there was no penal within the memory
of man, when alert wax so grew a demand for machinery as a
present. He understood that more was i r.lered titan could be
executed in eighteen months. lie should be able to prove before a
Committee. that articles which were said to be made with great dif-
ticehy, and which were therefore prohibited, were really those
node well-lave difficulty, and in the manufacture of which ap.
t cortices learning the business were employed. But foe the mi.-
cheivous policy adopted in prohibitirg the exportation of thole
ettielei. a greater number of workmen would be in the kingdom
to compete with thedemand. The manufacturer ignorantly con-
sidered. that this would be injurious to their interest; on the cor-
teary, it weutil be highly advantageous to them. It must be eel-
eerie that if the demand is increased greater numbers will be em-
ployed; and it is acting contrary to this sound principle to dimi.
-jet the demar.d be prohibition& lie wished to call the attention
of the House to the absurd contradictions! in the-existing lame
Steam-engines, which were the most powerful and important ma-
chinery eves invented, and these may be exported in any number.
hut coming-machinee were prohibited. Now what interest could
this,counrty have in preventing coining in any other country ?
Surely this prohibition was not expected to keep the coin in this
country. There was no objection to the exportation of machines
toe making cloth, but there was an actual prohibition upon the
exportation of cotton machires, which are known to be changed
every. month. When machinery is exported to France, it pays a
duty of thirry.fiee per cent. besides the expenses of transit. Ibis
is quite enough to ensure monopoly without the aid of prohibitions.
When the queetiorteame before the Committee, he (Mr: flume)
should produce evidence which would convince Hon. Gentlemen,
that the proposed repeal would be advantageous to all parties.
/louver anxious he was for the repeal of this measure, he should
rot desire it, if the Interests of private individuals were to be sacra
fined with impunity. It was impossible to support any trade, or
prevent the extension of any trade by Acts of Parliamtni. An
Act. was passed to support the button and buckle trade, and there-,
upon the tra..le fell. But prime interests sufferea by those peolvi--
tfors. Ora individual, he understood, might have realised
100.00 IR. by the exportation of hydraulic presses, had he 'men al-
lowed to export them, instead of which he bad not realised a
single peony. 'There vas another point to wide!' he would allude.
We allowed artisans to leave the kingdom, who were themselves
makers a trachinesy. If we had not prohibited exportation of
machinery, those artisans would probably have remained at home,
because they would find sufficient employment here. He hoped
the Route would at length see the advantage of securing an im. '
traase and profitable trade, by recurrence to a liberal system, and,
at the lint, agree to the re-appointment of the Committee. He
was sure that die demands of the workmen for advanced wages
arose from the great demand for machinery. Thus much he said
as so apology fur the workmen ; but he could not conclude with- 11
out Owning, that if they were permitted to govern the masters,l
by regulating prices, and reetricting the number of apprentices,
be thought nine must be an end to all business. The Honour-
able elember concluded by moving for the re-appointment of the
Committee which sat last Session on the Combination Laws, to
tot:eider the propriety of repealing the laws prohibiting the cepa-
teem of machinery.
!tie. HUSH'SSON said, that the proper (dject far the consi-
drratem of the House was, whether the laws relating to the expel'.
etion of machinery should be altogether abrogated, or whether
they should be amended ? As to the abrogation i f the law, that he
behead to be both impracticable and unwise. Sonic amendments
might with advantage be hurt-decal, and for this reason he was not
a little desirous that the subject should be referred to a Committee.
(Hear, hear.) There were certain parts of machinery which might,
without the eliehtest danger or inconvenience, be permitted to be
temper:el- the steam engine, the hydraulic prees, and the ins-
proton:ems which had been founded upon it, might be transported
to other countries., and no consequent injury need be apprehended.
There were other parts of machinery, and these principally as re-
lated to the manufacturing depsetment, which might not perhaps
with equal readiness be allowed to be transported. There was cent
co !eider:Mon which ought to make them least apprehensive of danger
front the triesnortetion of machinery. It was this, that there was a
greeter demand for several of the manufactures of this country than
child be supplied; for instance, to his ( Mr. Huskisson'a know. '
ledge, :here were many orders which could not b 3 complied with
by those to whom they were directed, until 12 or 18 months after the
shoe of the order. This did not occur from want of the raw mate-
rial, but Isom the warn of hands to prepare and supply manufac-
tured article, proportionate to the demand for its consumption.
This was a reason why, in a great degree, the inconvenience to be
apprehended from the freedom of exportation should be removed.
One material deference between persons whet took out patents Om !
resent discoveries in this country, and those who took them out in'
others, was worthy of attention. In this country a specification of
the patent was given in by the person obtaining the patent, which
night be read by any one on the payment of a shilling. By this
*rarefication any person might avail himself of the knowledge of
reachieery suited to the invention. In the countries of the Can-
t:neat there was a greater protection of patents granted foe new dis-
ce)hhael. It not unfrequently happened also, that the same person
trek oet a latent for the same discovery in Holland, in France, and
i?l:vgland. The subject was one altogether worthy of investiga-
hen, cud although he might differ with the Hon. Member on cer-
lele points, yet he would be happy to go along with him in say
prteecable improvement, which, in the progress of the inquiry,
might be suggested. (Hear, hear.)
After a few words from Mr. Alderman BRIDGES, the motion was
Vend to.

BRITISH SUBJECTS IN INDIA.
lir. 1101 E rose to 'stunk a 'notion, which was one of the
mama importance. Its object was to procure a Return of the
number of British subjects who have been banished from India
without trial since 1811 The question derived importance from
its reference to trade. Hitherto the East India Company had
exercises! an almost unlimited control. and from the privileges of
the Charter which had bees granted to them, they had enjoyed • mo-
nopoly of trade so as to defy competition. This arose from the ex-
clusion of other persons to trade with this part of his Majesty's
dominions. By the Act of the 53d of George 111. an alteration
took place, which gave to the East India Company an exclusive
privilege of the trade of China, but which gave to his Majesty's
subjects freedom of trade to other parts of the Coat Indies. This
gas, however, little attended to. and the monopoly of trade still
comiuted to be ratted in the East India Company. The parti.l
eater *ken of his motion was to ascertain the number of persons
who wore transported from India. either by the Uovenunent
there. or by the Directions of the East India Company. If
the residence 44 persons who went to India was not secured—
if
they who had established properties there were not assured
'hot IhMr possessions should be sale, and the danger of being
transported from the country removed (as it was the intention
of the Act it should be), it was impoatiible to expect that colo-
nisation would take place, or that capital should be extensively
rated there. In speaking thus generally, the attention of the
House would be naturally directed to the expulsion of Mr. Back-
ingh" and Mr. Arnut, which, on inquire, would be found to be
°ow of ',ell hardship and oppression. Ile ( Mr. Hume) could
not anticipate say opposition to the present motion. All he wanted
1,1", a ~r expoaition cat tile proceedings of the Government of
"dm. The Marquis of Hastings had done so in the instance of
wfacta he throned ; and although the appeal which he thus
made%) the sense of the country might not be by some approved,