The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1826-02-02 00:00:00

DIPLOMATIC CORRRSPoNDENCE

BETWEEN THE BRITISH AND UNITED STATES'
GOVERNMENTS.
From the Weahlvfon Casette of Jan. 31
AIR. ADDINGTON T0_7411. ADANA.

Washington, March 2, 1R25.
Sit—led the 6th of Novetnlnw last I had the honour to inform
you that I had received full powers from his Mijeety to conclude
and sign with this Government a Convention, verbatim the same
as that mitered into on the Pith of Mach, last year, between Great
Jtritain and the United States, with ail the amendments subset-
quently effected in it by the Senate, the erasure of the 'words " and
America" in the first Article, excepted.
In reply to that communication, you did me the honour tn ac-
quaint me that the President had decided upon referring the whole
sitliject to Congress, whereby it became necessary fur you to post-
pone giving a definite answer to my proposal.
Phis resolution of the I':csident was, at the commencement of
she sessinn, carried into effect; and I understand that the subject has
been under the consideration of Congress. You will therefore, I
trust. Sir, allow me now to request to be made acquainted with the
definitive intention of the President with respect to the proposition
submitted by me on behalf of his Majesty's Government.
I have the honour to be. with disunguisned consitietation. Sir,
your obedient humble servant, 11. U. ADDINGTON.
lion. John Quincy Adams.
__MR. CLAY TO Ml. ADDINGTON.

Drpa; tof hir.g;on, April S, 1825..

Sit —1 have the honour to infornt you, "that the delay in the
trithunission of a definitive sneerer to your note of the 6:11 of No-
vember last, has proceeded front an anxious desire on the part of
the late ]'resident of the United States to ascertain the practica-
blits of reconciling, if possible, the views of the Governateti, of
tt.e United States with thou which are entertained by that of his
Vritimic Majesty, in respect to the Convention for more et dually
su,ppressing the slave trade. With that object, the correspondence
with your Government, and the Convention in which it terminated,
together with what has since passed between the two Goverrunents,
both here and at London, were submitted to Congress during its
late Session. Of that refenmee you were apprised, by the note of
rny predecessor. of the 4th December last. It lin so happened
that neither the Saline nue the House of Representadies has ex-
pressed, directly, any opinion on the subject. But, on another
Convention having the same object, concluded with the Republic
of Columbia, on the 10th day of December, 1824, which was formed
after the model of that which is pending between the Governments
of the United States and Great Britain. the Senate has expensed
a very decided opinion. In the Colombian Convention, the coasts
of America were excepted from its operation; and yet, notwith-
standing this conciliating feature, the Senate, after toll deliberation,
in the exercise of its proper constitutional powers, has, by a large
majotity, deemed it inexpedient to consent to and advise the ratifi-
cation of this Convention. . .

The Government of his Britannic 3lajesty is well acquainted
with the provision of the constitution of the l'ited States, by
which the Senate is a component part of the treaty-making power ;
and that the consent and advice of that branch of Congress are 1
indispensable in the formation of all treaties. According to the
pracuce of this Government, the Senate in sot ordinarily consulted
in the initiatory state of negotiation, but its cement and advice are
only invoked, after a treaty is concluded, under the direction of the
l'resideot, and submitted to its consideration. Each of the two
branches of the treaty-making authority is indeomelent of the I
other, whilst both are responsible to the States and to the people,
the common sources of their respective powers.
It results from this organisation, that, in the progress of the
Government, instances may sometimes occur of a difference of
opinion between the Senate and the Executive, as to the expedi-
ency of a projected treaty, of which the rejection of the Colombian
Convention *fordo an example. The people of the United finites
have justly considered that If there be any inconveniences in this
arrangement of their executive powers, those Inconveniences are
more thee counterbslanceu by the greater security of their inter-
ests, which is effected by the mutual checks which are thus
posed. But it is not bettered that there are any inconveniences to
foreign powers, of which they can, with propriety, complain. To
give validity to any treaty, the consent of the contracting parties is
eeeemary. As to the mode by which that consent shall be ex-
pressed, it must necessarily depend with each upon its-own pecu-
liar constitutional arrangement. All that can rightly be demanded
in treating, is to know the contingencies on the happening of
which that consent Is to be regarded as sufficiently testified. This
information the Government of the United States has always com-
municated to the foreign powers with which it treat., and to none
more fully than to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire.
land. Nor can it be admitted that any just caute of onnplaint
can arise out of the rejection by one party of a treaty which the
ether has previously ratified. When such a case occurs, it only
proves that the consent of both, according to the constitutional
precautions whirl-. have been provided for manifesting that consent.
to wanting to make the treaty valid. One must aecertroily precede
the other in the act of refill:anon ; and if, after a treaty is ratified
by one party, a ratification of it be withheld by Member. it merely
silawa that ore is, and the other is not, willing to come under the
t,...,4ationa of the proposed treaty.
I am instructed lay the President to accompany these frank and .
frierdly explanations by the expression of his sincere regret that,
troth the views which are entertained by the Senate of the United
States, it would scent to be unnecessary and inexpedient any
longer to continue the negotiation respecting the Slave Conven-
non, with any hope that it can be made to assume a form satis-
factory to both mattes. The Goeernment of his Britannic Ma-
jemy insists, as an indispensable condition, that the regulated right
of search, proposed in the Convention, should be extended to the
Arnericaneoasts, as well as to those of Africa and the West Indies.
The Senate, even with the omission of America, thinks it mead.
visible to ratify the Colombian Convention. And it is, therefore,
drafty to be inferred, that a Convention with his Britannic Ma-
jesty, with a similar omission, would not receive the approbation
of the Senate. The decision Of the Senate shows that it has made
up its deliberate judgment. without any regard to the relative state
of the Military or Commercial Marine, for all the considerations
belonging to a view of that subject would have urged the Senate
to en acceptance of the Colombian Convention. It Is hoped,
therefore, that his Britannic Majesty cannot fail to perceive that
the Senate bas been guided by no unftiendly feeling towards Great
Britain.
Before closing this Note I must express my regret that I am
unable to concur with you in the view which you have been pleased
to present, of the Act of the British Parliament, by which ft has
denounced, as piratical, the slave trade, when exercised by British
subjects. It is acknowledged that the Government of the United
State. considered such • denunciation as expedient, preliminary to
the cnnclusion of the projected Convention. But the British Par.
Lament, doubtless upon its own sense of the enormity of the
offence, deemed it proper to affix to it the character and the penal-
ties of piracy. However much it may be supposed to have been
mutated by an accommodating spirit towards the United States, it
can hardly be imagined that it would have given that denomination
to the fact of trading in glares, from motives of concession merely,
cotorary to its own estimate of the moral character of that act. The
Executive of the United States believed that it might conduce to
the success of the negotiation, if the British Parliament would
previously declare, as the United States had done, the slave trade
en be piratical. But it did not follow, from the passage of that Act,
vat any treaty, in which the negotiation might terminate, was to
be taken out of the ordinary rule by which all treaties are Orally
submitted to the scrutiny and sanction of the respective Govern.
menu. No peculiar advantage has accrued to the United States
fore the enactment of that British law. Its continued existence,
moreover, now depends upon the pleasure of the British Par-
liament.
But there is no disposition to dwell longer on this subject. The
true character of the whole negotiation cannot be misconceived.
Great Britain and the United States have had in view • common
root of great humanity, entitled to their highest and best exertions.
With respect to the desire of attaining that end, there is no differ-
mos of opinion between the Government of his Britannic Majesty
. and that of the United Slates, in any of its branches. But the
Senate has thought that the proposed Convention was an instru-
ment not adapted to tho accomplishment of that end, or that it was
otherwise' objectionable. And, without the conetirrerme of the
Senate. the Convention cannot receive the constitutional sanctions
of the United States. Without indulging. therefore, unavailing
regrets. it is the anxious hope of the President, that the Govern.
meet of his Britannic Majesty should see, in au .hat has occurred,
melting towards it unfriengly on the pan of that of the United States,
and nothing that ought to slacken their separate or united exertions
in the employment of all other practical modes to effectuate the
great object, so dear to both, of an entire extirpation of a traffic
which is condemned by moan, religion, end humanity.
pray you, Sir, to accept the essuranceof my distinguished
consideration. H. CLAY.
• I Amy U. Addington, Esq."
Charge d'Affaires front Great &Jain.
lt Je. ADDINGTOW TO ierr. ('LAY.
Washington, 9th of April, 1625
Sta—l have the honour to acknoviledge the receipt of your
letter of the 6th inst. in which you announce to our the definitive
decision of the President with regent to the Convention for the
RUM effectual suppression of the Slave Trade, which 1 hail th,.
honour to submit for the acceptance of this Government, on the
6th of November last. . . . .

_ .. _ ........._ . _ ..
In expressing my regret at the failure of the benevolent efforts
which have been eo. r..loycd in a arose so dear to humanity, I may
venture to usure you that, however deeply his Majesty's Govern-
ment may deplore the pri,sent disappointment of their hopes, they
will consider the tinfur,unate issue of this business as in nowise
affecting the friendly net tugs which exist between the two Govern.
metro, and will accept, with pleasure. the exprerion of the Pre-
sideerr's desire, that every exertion should still be used for effecting
}he entire extirpating or that odious traffic, which the Convention
girl designed to supwe.s.
I cannot dismiss tins sohiect without a brief observation on that
'pet of your letter in whiCh you animadvert upon the argument
employed in mine of tli.. 6.11 of November last, relative to the Act
passed by the British Parliament, for denouncing the Slave Trede
as piracy. The ex pressions used by you would lead to a belief that I
had represented the passage of the Act, on the part of Great
Britain, AS modeling it imperatite on the Ameriesn Government to
concede to the Convention, even at the expense of a sacrifice of their
oonstitutioneal prerogatives.
A reference to the expressions of my letter will, I apprehend. at
Waco denionstrste tin erroneousness or this impression, by shelling
that I pro the emit as a point of conscience, not one of right. and
tl.at I urged the argument above alluded to in the form of an ap-
peal, tilt of a dernanil.
The' enunelatioa of the slave trade as piracy, by British statute.
w steie, by this fl.t.vernment, a stir inel Wei to the signature of
t Convention
. As far as Great Britain was concerned. that ro-
ii iii
e •g, tiding's perfectly :onformable to the views of Pohlman,
. . .

MOM girtl4o.

THE BRITISH PRESS.

to carry on the war with the utmost vigour. The Imperial
Court, it appears, took such offence at the state papers
issued on the sth of November by the Government of
Buenos Ayres, regarding the Banda Oriental, that a change
of Ministry immediately followed, and a large military
force was embarked for Monte Video. We fear that the
hostilities thus rashly commenced will be attended by results
of the most disastrous nature to the Emperor of BRAZIL.
There can he no doubt that the Government of Buenos
Ayres will, if there should be need, be supported by the
other Republics of South America. The monarchical insti-
tutions of Brazil are viewed by them with an eye of jealousy
and dislike. Don P Limo was not invited to send a Minis-
ter to the Congress at Panama, where this quarrel will
certainly be discussed, and as certainly decided to have
originated in his wrongdoing towards the Banda Oriental.
There is besides a strong republican party in Brazil, ready
in a moment to avail itself of any misfortunes that may
befal the Imperial Government. No situation could re-
qnire more prudence than that in which the Emperor of
BaAzit. is placed, but we suspect that no sovereign is more
unfitted to cope with the difficulties he has created. Sir
CHARLES STUART embarked on the 2.3 d of November, in
the Diamond frigate, which sailot on that day fur Bahia.
Two days previously a grand entertainment was given to
his Excellency, at which all the officers of the Wellesley,
74, and the 'I artar and Diamond frigates, were present.
Each English mercantile house subscribed 1,000 ingress
towards the expenses.
We regret to learn that the intelligence respecting the
Brazilian Mining Associations is very unfavorable. One
letter states that two Englishmen have been murdered by
the natives, and that the Government had recalled the
miners generally, to save their lives.

The letters from Lima, by the Tartar frigate, are dated
to the end of September. Rout,. still held out in Callao.
The following is the extract of a letter, dated Rio Ja-
neiro, Nov. 20 ;
" I hasten to acquaint you with the great political events which
have taken place here, occasioned, as it is stated. by the events in
the Banda Oriental, and the despatches recently received from
Buenos Ayres. It is mentioned there are also threats received of
the cu-operation of Bolivar with the forces of Buenos Ayres.
However this may be, war is certain—the political changes here
are as great as unexpected ; the Ministers ■re all changed, and
Mr. --, newly arrived from Europe, is the chief of the new Go-
vernment; 1500 men were immediately embarked, and a flaming
proclamation issued. Sir Charles Stuart is disgraced, his media-
tion being pointedly rtfased, and he sailed on the 23d. in the
Diamond frigate, for Bahia ; beset off in a great huff. To all ap-
pearance this war will be prosecuted with the greatest vigour; trade
is therefore entirely at a stand still ; the Exchange has fallen from
53, to 52."

The Times, in a spirit of prediction—equally remarkable
for its bad taste and its bad English—undertakes to antici-
pate what will be to-morrow the leading features of the
xc's speech. " The state of public credit, and the dif-
ficulties of the money market, can hardly fail of making
topics in the KING'S speech at the opening Session of Par-
liament. It is painful to us to revert to the subject of
our finances, so many deceptions have been practised on
the nation under this head. His AIAJESTY will, however,
unquestionably tell us of the state of the Sinking Fund,
and the great reduction of the National Debt, which has
been effected by its operation." This confident prophecy,
we suspect, is intended to whet the appetite of the reader
for the extracts which follow it from Lord LivEnroor.'s
speech, in the year 1819, on the subject of cash payments,
in which allusion is made to the reduction of the debt by
the operation of the Sinking Fund, after quoting which the
writer proceeds to inquire what is become of it. " Now
what, we ask, is become of this Sinking Fund?" And he
immediately follows up this question with " where is the
Sinking Fund /tsar'?" These rapid interrogatories remind
vs of Dom' NtE SAMPSON. " Where's the pundit ?"
But the Times journalist, too impatient to wait for an
answer, replies to his own question—" absorbed by the
improper expenses of this lavish peace establishment, or,
if it exists, His MAJESTY'S speech may disclose where it
is, and what are its effects."

We do not think it at all likely that the Royal Speech
will make any reference to this topic, there being nothing
which can call for any allusion to it ; but if this writer
wishes fur any information, he may readily obain it, if he
will be at the pains to consult the parliamentary proceed-
ings of the year 1819, to which he adverts. Ile will there
find that this Sinking Fund was appropriated by Parliament
to the current service of the year. It was also at the same
period charged against Ministers, that they had done
nothing towards reducing taxation or the burden of the
public debt; which accusation was replied to, by showing
that in three years from the termination of the war the
people had been released from a portion of this burden
amounting to at least 15,000,000 i. of taxation ; and that
there had been paid off from 25 to 30 millions of un-
funded debt, from which it appeared that more had been
done in these three years than in any other period of peace
since the Revolution.

We turn our attention again to the principles of political
economy, as laia down by Mr. RICARDO. We have already
remarked on the extraordinary doctrine which, in his chap-
ter " on sudden changes in the channels of trade," be lays
down as the last policy of the State,•viz. " to lay a tax,
decreasing in amount from time to time, on the importation
of ftweign corn, for a limited number of years, in order to
afford the home grower an opportunity to withdraw his ca-
pital from the land." Whether the fault is in ourselves or
in the style adopted by Mr. llicaano, we will not under-
take to say, hut certain;st is, that when laying down posi-
tions which, from their Importance, require to be expressed
with the utmost cleathess, In: is absolutely—to us at least
—unintelligible. After asserting that it would be " pro-
ductive of wealth to the country, at fehatccer sacrifice hi ea-
yital it might be done, to allow the importalp of cheap
iont," an assertion that is inconsistent KroilliMe very face
of it, be proceeds thus—
" In examining the question of rent, we found that with
every increase of the supply of corn, and with the conse-
Tient fall of its price, capital would be withdrawn from
the poorer land, and land of a better description, which
would then pay no rent, would become the standard by
which The natural price of corn would be regulated."
• Now we really cannot understand what is meant by this.
In the first place, it seems taken for granted—but on what
groundi We know not—that capital being withdrawn from
land too poor to repay the expense of cultivation, "land
of abater description would then /my no rent ;"—and in the
*peat place we arc wholly unable to comprehend on what
principle it is that this " better description of land," which
will afford no rent, can " become Pe standard by which
the natural price qj corn would be regulated." What is
'meant by the natural price of corn•? If corn has a natural
)wice, how can that price require to be regulated by any
description of land ? How can land which offords no rent
become the standard of the natural price of corn grown
on other land, which does pay rent. As well might he
have said, that a cow with a false quarter, that yields
nothing te thepail, will become the standard by which the

,--- .

•
I Mature/ price of milli will be regulated ! If this be so, all
that we can say is, great are the mysteries of political eco-
nomy.
If these doctrines were mere matter of amusing specula-
tion, it would be of no great importance whether we could
exactly trace them to their true consequences or not. Put
when we find them taken up in practice—when they are
resorted to as materials for Statesmen to act. upon—when
they arc given as the great persuasion to a total change of
system in our trade—domestic and foreign—this alters the
case greatly ; for here an error in reasoning may bring
ruin over our heads. And in spite of all the labours of
Messrs. Ittesnno and WO: I.r.orn, and their disciples, no
theory of commerce, how( ver liberal it may be, can give
the law to circumstances. The " Causes of the Wealth of
Nations," after all the unravelling of them by ADAM
SMITH, or by the wisest of his followers, are dependent,
for the most part, on accidents Wlv.lly unforeseen, and on
events which, in defiance of our sagacity, work out their own
results. It is in vain that we endeavour to lay down rules,
or to frame systems ; an unseen agency is going on, that
oftentimes out of evil brings good that never wam ex-
pected, and that laughs to scorn all the speculations of the
closet on " the origin of public wealth." In vain we en-
deavour to think otherwise, or to act as if otherwise we
thought ; it is in the scheme of Providence, and our phi-
losophy cannot alter it.
_ _

It is impossible to reflect at all on the proposed withdraw-
ment of agricultural capital, without perceiving that it is
the scheme of a visionary. Mr. IticAlma does tiot wait
for the objection, but takes the ball by the horns. " It
has been said that capital cannot be withdrawn from the
land—that it takes the form of expenses which cannot-
be recovered, such as manuring, fencing, draining, &c.
which are necessarily inseparable from the land." He
anticipates the objection very courageously, but there is
a lamentable deficiency in his vigour when he comes to re-
ply to it. " This," says he, "is in some degree true, but
that capital which consists of cattle, sheep, hay and corn
ricks, carts, &a. may he it ithdrawn ; and it always becomes
a matter of calculation whether these shall continue to be
employed on the land, nAwitlistanding the low price of
corn, or whether they shall he sold, and their value trans-
ferred to another cm Novo:eat."
A man must be a sadly superficial thinker that can reason in
this manner. Why, the ploughs, carts, wagons, &c. of the
farmers will, in his scheme,h3ve already lost the whole of their
value ! The instant you compel them to withdraw their cir-
culating capital from the land, thefised capital becomes use-
less, and is worth nothing. All their implements of husbandry
—their barns and outhouses—their agricultural machinery
of every kind—what are they worth when the land is thrown
out of cultivation ? Such articles at an auction would find
no purchaser. When the land was out of tillage, who
would buy a plough ? Ile might as well buy a pulpit.
And yet Mr. RICAItDO talks with as much ease about their
being sold, " and their value transferred to another employ-
ment," as if hay and corn ricks u ere as negotiable as Ex-
chequer fills, and the dead stock of ruined agriculturists
was as convertible into value as the Three per Cent.
Consols.

But there is another class of agricultural instruments,
and the most important of all, which lie has wholly passed
over—the labourers, whose,fired capital is their skill and in-
dustry, which, when the circulating capital is withdrawn
from the land, becomes wholly unproductive. Where is
t 4 is capital to find employment ? Thcy cannot turn it over
from the market of grain to the market of manufactures.
They cannot go from the ploughshare to the shuttle, or
from the team to the spinning-jenny. 'We would entreat
the disciples of Mr. ltienano to settle these difficulties
before we proceed to bring ruin on the land ; it would be
well, at least, that we should see some intelligible solution
of them.

PITY, irEDNESDAY Evrwma.

In spite of a host of sinister reports of every shape and
complexion, the money market was evidently in an im-
proving condition as soon as business commenced this
morning. By spreading alarms, foreign and domestic, the
party who are busy in depressing the price of stocks suc-
ceeded last night in getting Consols down to 791. They
opened at dist quotation this morning, but soon advanced
to 80! I. The amount of the transactions however was
not considerable, and after some trifling fluctuations,
Consols closed for money at 80, and for the Account at
suf. Exchequer bills reached 2 premium.
'rite Foreign Market was languid, and prices were rather
declining. Colombian Bonds closed at 591 ; Mexican
1 per cent. 661 ; Brazilian 621 ; Greek Bonds remain
steady at 161. In Spanish Stock there was a decline of
nearly 6 per cmt. The old bonds closed at 111, the new 7.
Some shares of the Carthagena and Anglo-Colombian
Mining Company were sold at 2 pm. Anglo-Mexican are
very heavy at 2k discount. New United were 4 5 premium.
Potosi 23 discount.
Au Express arrived in the course of the morning from
Paris. The Rentes had declined about I per cent.; the
prices were 98f. 67c.

Letters from Demerara of 16th December mention the
colony being in a tranquil state, and that they had fine
rains, which made the crops look promising.
Accounts from St. Thomas's, dated December 12, state
that several Spanish cruisers had appeared among the
islands (one account says four) ; they had made several
valuable prizes. Two English merchantmea were reported
to be captured by these freebooters.
We have received a file of Canada Papers to the Ist ult.;
their contents are not of importance. The Upper Canada
Herald gives the proceedings of the Provincial Parliaments
at considerable length. The subjects of discussion possess,
however, only a local interest, with the exception of a mo-
tion for securing to Nrierican-born settlers the natural
rights enjoyed by the natives themselves. A large majority
oldie Assembly seemed to be much in favour of the pro-
posal, but it was feared that a majority of the Council
would not allow the rights of suffrage and eligibility;
the hope y a favourable result depended upon the
despatches of Lord Bathurst, and the Message of the
Lientenant-Coverocr, in which an enactment, securing to
those inhabitants all the rights and privileges of British
subjects, is strongly recommended.
Advices from New York commtlicate the following
particulars of the arrival at the Havannah, on the 18th
of December, of the Spanish expedition which sailed from
Ferrol:—

_
"IfAVANNAH, DEC. 21.
" The long.expecied expedition arrived here on the 13th inst.,
consisting of the Iberia, Leaked, and Perla frigates. slid Vengador
brig, having nine transports under convoy, with 1,500 troops on
board. Oneship, With 310 men an board, had not yet arrived ; and
7411 men. it is said, were landed in Porto Rico. The two frigates,
Iberia and Lealtatl, are new ships, and of a large class. mounting
fifty odd guns each, sod arc very line vessels. two brigs of war
are to sail to-day in Tiest of the missing ship. The arrival of this
fleet has inspired the Government with more confidence."
It appears by the New York Papers, that a statement
was circulated at Montreal, on the 28th of December, df
the failure of the North West and Hudson Bay Fur Com-
pany, for the
sattount of about 850,0e/0 dollars; but
counter-statement.was published in the ilford,eal Herald
of the 31st, on rite part of the merchants conducting the
concerns of, that• Company, in which it was announced,
that " thou et ip consequnce of the death of one of the
partners, and the absence from the country of another, in
bad health, ft has been deemed prudent to suspend the
operation f the concern for the present, with the view of
ultimate arrangements, yet that nothing could he more
prejudicial to these connected with the respectable firm
than any suspicion of its future solvency; the moat ample
satisfaction itaviug been siten to all concerned of that
fact."

THE OPENING of Me FRENCH CHAMBERi.

By an extraordinary express from Paris we have re.
ceived the Etoile of yesterday, containing the account of
the opening of the French Chambers on Tuesday. The
Royal Speech is not long, but it embraces many topics, sad
is altogether one of the best documents, both as to style
and substance, that we ever recollect to have been delivesed
to the French Legislature. The death of the Emperor
Atozatssrnea is noticed almost, we think, too betegy.
A convention is announced between this country sod
France for the regulation of the reciprocal navigation of
the two kingdoms and their colonies. The recognition of the
independence of Hayti iE stated in clear and express terms.
The finances of France are declared to be so flourishing, that
after providing for the improvement of the condition of the
clergy, and increasing the allowances for several services,
the Government will be able to reduce the direct tares to
the extent of nineteen millions of francs. Lastly, the
Kixc informs the Chamber that a law will be submiued to
them to prevent that excessive subdivision of landed pro.
perty, which is truly said to be essentially contrary to the
principles of monarchical government. In conclusion is
MAJESTY promises to watch with equal solicitude over a 1
the interests of the state. The usual loyal enthusiasm was
manifested by the members of the Chambers at the close of
the royal sitting.

The French Funds on Tuesday are thus quoted in the
Ours Authentiyue :

PAItIS. JAN. 31.—Fire per Cent,. opened at N( CSe. ; firmed at
99E—Three per Cont. Consol% opened at 136 f. 7k. ; closed at I4f
Bank Stock, 28340—Rente de :Sepia, 77f. 25c.—Ruyal Sparath
Loin, 49E—Ilaytian Loan, 790f..—Exchange on London, oLe
month, 25f. 25c. ; three ditto, '2sf.

[From the Etude dated Wedaesday, Feb. 1.1
ROYAL SITTING. Paolo, JAN. 3I

About II o'clock the Peers of France, in their state robes, errivr
successively in the saloon appointed for their reception. They the-
entered in a body the Ilan of the Royal Sitting, having at their head
the Chancellor of Francs ; • Haissier of the King's Chamber an.
flounced them.

Soon after the Deputies were announced in the same marine.
They were preceded by M.Chilhaud dela Rigaudie, the Senior P-e.
silent, by the four Provisional Secuetari,s, and 20 3lenabri.
composing with them the great deputation.
Their Royal Hightmses the Dauphines,, :Beldame the Duchess
of Berri, the Duchess of Orleans. and Mademoiselle d'OrMaris,
took their seats in the gallery reserved for them. At one o'clock
a salute of artillery, fired from the Esplanade of the Invalids, art.
flounced the departure of tl.e royal procession. liis majesty aLI
the Princes passed through the great gallery of the Museum ard
the gallery of Apollo. The King stopped fur some time in a
where he received the compliments of the great deputation of the
Chamber of Peers and the great deputation of the Chamber of
Deputies, and then proceeded to the estrade in which his throne :5
placed. Cries of •• Vivent le Hui !—Five les Bourbon:a !•' wers
repepeat several times en the appearance of the King. -
The Dauphin and the Duke of Orleans placed themselves he.
fore their seats, the first to the right, the second to the left of the
King.

The Duke de Bourbon was on the right of the Dauphin. The
three Princes were in the eostumeof Peers.

The Grand Chamberlain, the Grand Master of the Ceremor:es,
the Great Officers of the King's Household and of the Crown, de
Marshals, the Ministers of :State, and the Counsellors of :State,
placed themselves according to the cerernomal prescribed. Tha
Chancellor of France was in front of his arm chair, and at the upper
bench, reserved for the President of the Council, the Keeper or the
Seals, the Ministers of the Interior, the Marine, and the King's
Household. The Heralds at Arms, &c. who had led the prices.
lion placed themselves on both sides of the estrade. The Peers of
France, the Deputies, and all the spectators, remained standing
when the King sat down on his throne and covered himself. A
profound silence ensued.

His Majesty said—" My Lords be seated."
The Chancellor said to the Deputies—" Gentlemen, the Hirt
permits you to be seated."

The King then took off his hat, saluted the auembly, and de.
livered the following speech :

"GENTLFMEN:--il is with real satisfaction that I see myseq
again among you. Attentive to the movement of people's minds (vs
mourenacut des writs), and to the course of afikirs, I have judged
that no serious motive required that the time when I proposed to
call you together should be anticipated. My foresight has bee❑
justified, and I am happy at not having abridged the repose
width you were allowed to depend.

" Death has just struck, in the midst of his career, one of try
most magnanimous Allies. This loss has profoundly afflicted my
heart. I receive from his successor, as weal as from the other
Powers, the most positive assurances of the countenance of th•:r
friendly dispositions; and I have the conlidenze that nothing will
impair the harmony between me and my Allies, for the tranquillity
of rations.

" I haveeconcluded with his Britannic 11Iajesty a convention,
which will render more uniform and onerous the condition to which
the reciprocal navigation of the two kingdoms and their colonies is
subject. I expect from this arrangement Loopy results for oat
maritime commerce.

" 1 have determined to fix at length the fate of St. Domingo.
The time was come to dote a painful wound, and to put an
end to a state of things which compromised so many interems,
The definitive separation of this colony, which has been lost to ut
for these thirty years, will not disturb the security of those whir:
we preserve.

" A law became neceaaary for the division of the indemnily
which I have reserved fur the ancient planters; it will be proposed
to you.

" I shall immediately cause to be laid before you the accounts for
1824, the statements of the receipt and expenditure of lan, and
the Budget of 1827. The development of our commerce and our
manufactures daily increasing the produce of the taxes in consump-
tion and transactions, will allow an amelioration of the situation
of the Ministers ot,our holy religion, an increase of the dotation et
several of the services, and make it possible to reduce by 19 millions
more the direct taxes which have already been dimini,hed this year.
" You will rejoice with me, Gentemen, at thus finding, in the
progress of our internal prosperity, moans to reduce the burdens
which are the most onerous to the subject.
" The Legislation should provide, by successive ameliorations,
for all the wants of society. Progressive subdivision of Liaaiid
petty, essential contrary to the principle of Monarchical Govern-
ment, would wenken the securities whtdh the charter has given to
my throne and to my subjects.
3leans.will be proposed to you, Gcntltsmen, to restore the
agreement that should exist between the po!itical law and the civil
law, and to preserve the patrimony of families, without, however,
restricting the liberty of disposing of property.
" The preservation of families leads to, and guarantees poli.
tical stability, which is the first want of a State, and especially that
of France, after so many vicissitudes.- '
" You will second me, Gentlemen, to accomplish the (testers
which I have meditated, and to insure more aud more the happi-
ness of the people, whom divine Pro‘idence lies intrusted tO
care. You will not be more moved than lam at the inconsiderab,'
alarms which still agitate some minds, notwithstanding the sae-
rite we enjoy.
" This security. Gentlemen, will not be hazarded depend upon
it. I will watch with equal solicitule over all the intenste of the
State, and that I shall hnd means u. conciliate what is required b;
the exercise of legal liberties, the maintenance of order, and •hc
repression of licentiousness."
This discourse was followed by Ole most lively acclamations.—
It would be difficult to give an Idea of the enthusiasm of the as.
aembly.
The Chancellor, after having taken the King's orders, rewl
the form of the oath for the Peers named in the interval of the
Sessions.
The Chancellor, after having again taken the King's orders,
Bald •

." I declare, by order of the King, that the Session of the Cham-
ber of Peers, and of the Chamber of Deputies of the'Departmerns
is opened.. The Peers and the Deputtes are invitedjo meet to•
morrow, in their respective Chain Lets, to comtneuce the course ci
their lahiturii.
The Shing broke up amidst the cries of--" Vire le R0t."...
" Vivent lea Bourbons•"
The King and the Princes of his famiiy again passed throne'
the galleries of the Jivaeum, arol a salute of artillery announce.'
their return to the palace of the Tuileries,
' The Chamber of Peers will be employled to-mormw in the form,
atlon of its bureau, and will be able immediately to appoint the
—"raw up the address. 7
er the Chamber of Dephties tomorrow will pro.
' to balloting and asathibling the bureaus.

The wi
bably be.

'V