The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1821-09-13 00:00:00

f. S.
Sir G. T. Staunton,
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Sir John Craft
Mat Trotter Esq lO
Captain F. Bea.tort,
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Robert Binntey, E.g. 10 0
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Sir Thos. Fraakland,
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Re.r.iltlmiral J.M

Sprott Rainier 5 0
John Ellioi, Emu ... 10 0
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Sir Wm. Watson.... 10 0
Rey. Th,ua. Marlyn., 10 0
James Peter Auriol,

Esq b
Wm. Henry, M D 5 0
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i Rev. John Brinkley,
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George Boiler, U.U. 10 0
Moo. Add. Yoight,
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_ _

Sir Evar Nepean, Ht. 10 0
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Yorke
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DA wools Terser, Esq. 5 0
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•
Extract from the Evidence annexed to the Ea-
`port of the Select Committee of the Hinsue of
COWlleallaa• upon the Agriculture of the United
Riegel's).
Joni*, 5 alto Aptlie, 1511.
:,TO011ea• Sonnt.oca Came*. £.q. its 15e 05111 e.
ilk. Ethan' Wak. field calla in and ernisined.
Will you slate your pursuit in life?-1 am a general land
agent, fur the sale and purchase of land; acting as steward,
and is the receipt of reuts, fur several large estates; mad •
laud valuer.
To what length of time can you speak, practically, as to
your kaowledge of laud, sod iii. relative cureumstanees 1-1
tosamesord boailiess as a farmer, in the county of Essex. at
Midler!Ml% 1794; and from that time 1 have paid constant
eiteatiois to all the ciremostaisces counteted with lauded
property.
111 what elate do you now lind the rents paid, and in what
Wale do you Lad the leaatits sad labourers of the estates,
whie h you superintend rand receive the rents of?-1 age chielly
engaged in business is the southern part of England, and
have finned the state of the country extremely different. lei
the eastern districts, in MUSICi sod Kent, the distress is
almost beyond descriptiosi. It is very bad is Eau:, Suf-
folk, and parts of Norfolk ; bet in the wrest of England, I
sever kite. resits better paid ; sad 1 em not speaking merely
of my owls experience, hut from talking g Ily with lead•
agents mad land proprietors, and hearing from them that this
has been the case during the last autumn.
To last 111iehaelmas?—Yes; but 1 should state, that, al.
though the rents have been paid, the tenantry state their
upland' that they t continue to pay them. With re-
gard to the tenants, 1 am inclined in think that a great deal
of rent the last year leas bees paid out of whet may be
termed their capital; either by means of burrowing, or pre-
maturely silting their stalk. With respect in labourers,
the payment to labourers has very mach faller of late )ears;
and, although I by no menus Sod them so badly off ate they
were in 1816, yet they mast be stated, generally speaking,
to be in a very deplorable cooditiou.
The labourers ?-1 think so.

1 wish to ask the sitars, whether his observations apply
to the west t f England, with respect to the tenantry aid
labourers, as well as to other parts of the country'—The
tenants in the west of England were always muck worse of
than those in lite eastern part of England; knowing dim
in detail upon wrote very large estates, knowing the parti-
cular circumstances of eirevy cottager sod labourer, 1 can-
not account myself bow their monitors are sufficiest to
maintain life.
Dot du you 'husk that the tenants in that part of the
country, which has bees ostler the atom favourable eircum-
Nieces, have paid their rents Mau out of their capital ?-1
find it difficult to forts an opinion upon this point, as to the
part of England to which I have sow particularly alluded.
Herefordshire, Gloucestershire, Wurreatesobire, Cheshire,
and the North of Wales; bemuse is that country there has
hero • must abundant crop of corn, such as the cultivators
assure me was never known is the memory of mast before.
I would ask, whether your knowkdge extends to Somerset.
shire, Devonshire, aid Cornwall ?—Coruwall is the ouly
county I have beets its.
What is the cause to which you attribute this state of eir-
cuoistatters, which you have now related to the Committee?
—I receive the rent, of one of the most considerable estates
is. Devonshire, which is is three parts of the county; • part
et• at is near Plymouth, • part tear Exeter, and a part on the
borders of Sontersetshire. There was *mac aaaaa r on that
estate, nearly the whole of which was collected last Novem-
ber ; but upon the largest part of the property, which is in
a dairy country, there has not hien • very considerable fall its
the price of butter: to that part of it near Exeter, which is
under the plough, the truants state themselves to be to MI6
greeter dilficulty.
When you go down in May sin you expect to receive the
rent ?.-1 was upon that estate the week before the last, sad
although the tenants generally compleised, 1 feel pretty con.
fittest that when 1 go there is May, to collect the Lady-day
rent', they will be paid.
To what cause do yos attribute the state of circumstances
you have related ?-1 attribute the general distress of the
country to a cornbinatioe of circuusemoces, which 1 should
deride into the genesal state of the currency, and that not
merely is Eughtud, but to the currency of Europe ; to the
very low prices of corn, partly occsaioand by the great crop
its the northern nod seaters parts of Eogland, aid to the
war demand having ceased, which created a vast censanap-

and til;ivitreitelittille ofa very superior quality,...-
hag as the 4Yp Somelrs charity, at Seven Oaks,
ire lest ; it mama* Otrashosas to the year 1790, at mistily
pounds • yaw; he the yaw 11811, it was let for twenty-one
years, expiring ill 1811, at tem loradred sad pentads a
year, sad the 'tithes, which Ora belonged to Sir Hleiwy IA
way, were thirty pounds • year; in 1811 it was let for four-
teen years, at six hondried sad eighty-nine pounds • year,
sod the ahem sow paid to Lady (Midway, are wee hundred
and forty pounds a year. The Middleton estate iu Nor-
folk--
Perhaps you do sot wish to meedies names?—The letting,
of Hoilywell being as acessolleif a pablie charity, I have me
objection ; I could give arty instances, but 1 do sot think it
would be right to mentius Names.
Was this charity let by section ? —No. The Middleton
estate in Norfolk was purchased about forty years ago fur
treaty-8m thousand. pounds; in the year 1812 a hundred
and forty thousand pounds were refused for it, and 1 have
lately entirely failed is endeavouring to obtain a hundred
thousand pseuds fur it. 1 know an estate is Worcestershire,
called Sheri& Linch, near Elevation ; it was purchased by. a
friend of mine soon after the year 1800, I cannot speak
exactly to the year, for sixteen thousand pomade ; the estate
consists of eleven hundred acres; the geelleman who pur-
chased it was ea then • man of property, and he borrowed
the mosey to pay for it from two neighbouring banks.
Is what year?-1 cannot say; it was soon after 1800, in
1802 or 1803 ; in the course of three or four years, he sold
four hundred acres for 8,0001. and the remaining seven bon.
strrd acres be sold to • gentlentas whom he met Ire the top of
a stage coed.; be took him home, and the following wont.
lug be sigocd the contract, to tits him 30.0'101. fur this pro-
perty; the buyer, beteg usable to pay for it, came to Lou.
dap and resold it lo • &limiter at Colchester for • profit of
BMW ; that Solicitor heir; also unable to pay for it, borrowed
mar" sufficient lo do so, sad paid the middle buyer his two
thonsand pounds profit, and paid the origiusl buyer, whom it
hollowly cost eight shammed poised', thirty Mumma woods;
the estate was let, for • short these, fur fourteen hundred
pomade a year and was put up r• Garroting's, previous to
the failure of ;he utterer, at Colchester, who had purchased
it, I think M 1812, by Mr. Farebrotber, who refused thirty.
three thiamin& pseudo fee It ; it afterwards fell lido the
hands of the first mortgagee, who had lent twenty-six thou.
mad pounds oo it; the truant having failed, and the estate
being entirely out of cultivation, Mr. Farrbrotber advised
the mortgagee to take leo shillings in the pound fur his debt,
sad he post it up at Garraway's, about two years since, sub-
ject to a mortgage of thirteen thousand pounds; • stranger
who was present made• bidding of one handfed pounds, and
it was sold to hint fur abiders, thousand one hundred 9•Nlads•
apeokisig of the rise of pliers, 1 Xmas, several parishes, the
Miminutatitm of the tithes of which are now ilea/ to what '
the real was in the year 1798. I think the rise in prices was
ocensioued by the isper system throughout the Conti-
nent. I believe that England acted towards the Came
lament as- the book of the world ; and that one of
the resume of the fall of prices in England, has been the
resters to cur:ante, tio the Continent. In &seised, the great
'navese of the circulating medium by the bank restrectiou
occasioned an artifici•l rise in prices, which I do wt still-
bate exclusively to the increase of Bark of reload notes,
but to the extraordinary increase ..f dm circulating medium
by country hunkers, which received a very great check in
the year 1813; and has in that respect, 1 thick, returned
into • much more wholesome state. The rise is prices is by
au means limited to the ',aloe of the estates, or to the rents
of land. The price of labour, up to the year 1813, rose to a
very high price, and poor's rated infinitely ineressril, sad of
coons taxes generally. All the p•riduce of the earth rose al
as equal rate, and finally doubled in price. Between the
year 1794 and 1813, copse wood, 1 think, trebled ; timber, I
think, trebled; and bark rose very much; all of which are
now felling bark.
Is timber now falling I-1 think there is a less cal in tim-
ber than any thing else. In the districts where the relieve-
titsa of bops is very much relied upon, the price only just
pays the duty, which is 1•5.4011. per hawked ; picking, drying,
and carrying to market bring these up to V. 3s and unlessit be • very fine sample, that is about what they sell for, it
making no difference to tbs grower, whether his laud has
Predated our hundred weight au acre or tea headred weight,
be gem so reemueration for rent or cultivation.
Have you any thing more to state, as to the general
fall of the price of agricultural produce ?-I:aus not aware
of any thing.
Have you the means of giving the Committee any furor-
minims as to the depression of the price of raw materials,
of articles that farmers chiefly use ?—Yes ; fur
instance, which I used to pay seven-pewee per punted fur, I
now generally get dune fur four pence.hstfpeusyl
In what county was that?—Generally in the south of
England.
Can you give any information as to leather do nut
kuuw enough of the immediate detail, my mind not being
so much occupied as formerly with the detail of farmer's
bills; 1 cannot speak as to leather. Regarding the questioo
of currency, I have brought with me • chart framed by a
friend of mine, Mr. Tertius Gahm', of 'Birmingham, she..
ing the rise iu the prices of gold and corn, and the increase
of Bank notes relatively, from the year 1780 to the year
1815 ; sad I believe it will he found a very curious deco-
tn. it, and they seem all us have kept pare together.
I would ask, whether the witness made any observation
on his last circuit, as to the quentity of stork ?—Yes, I
have ; and particularly made inquiries upon the subject ;
and I think the lire stock of the country greatly dimioistird
in number,.

wrre going In state something further as to the cur-
ivory ?—I thought that chart • very important cue to lay
before the Committee.

I should like to ask the witness, shall be thinks was the
greatest rise in the !nice of laud, during the restriction of
the cash payments of the Bank?—lt rose up to the year
1813, and fell immediately after; then there was a great re-
action, whets the funds got up to eighty; if they had con-
tinued at that price, there were few properties that were on
sale, but what might have found buyers; but Mote the peat
fall front 83 to 66, there have been very few buyers of lausl;
and the alarming state of the country is each, that it is
now almost impossible to sell At any price.
You are speaking of the pretest 6E640-1 am.
How winch per cent. did land rise between 1797 sad
1813 ?-1 think it trebled.

Pu you attribute the whole et ct to t►e alteratiuo t►e

Do you thick dm import contri►etd at all to it '—.l thick
very little; there has bee. au imported core is thin market
of late.
I■ the article of oats )--Oats fell in price immediately
after the import ; and then the ports were shut agate.
Sapporo.% there ha.l been ■n alteration whatever in the
value of curreucy, wi.uld you nut repeat that Iwo succeed-
ing good h is would produces eorviderobte effect ou tiro
price of cure s—No doubt, it always ism ; I think that one
good ha does not produce a very great effect, but taw
succeeding trope al it a}a have.
Do you think that the price of corn would fdlt.much more
than in proportion to the irierelme- of quactity ; and
I believe, ou the contrary,, that a abort crop Oaks a rise
more glom the shortness would jurtify; it has alvra)i the
effect un a market, any thins that to short if here is
short market, there is a great rise of price, midi( au abun-
dant our, a much greater fall is price then tbere ought
to be.

Has not the cars law of this country • tendency to rains
the price of core much beyond the price of ober countries ?
—I ►hould think s., beyond a doubt.
Beyond the gi level lof utbei couestries ?—Yes.
if then we have au •bundaut crop, must rut the price of
corn All here math mare than it woles/ if nn such cueu•law
existed; as until it is below tleesprice al' holes gose.srie,,, It
cannot he advantageous to export it should think so ;
think sisal is sibvinas.
What proportion do you consider the oat, that were
ported bear to the slated consumption of this country; lavt
year?-1 cannot answer that quesiiori I have out luuked
into the detail of what it was all,
Do you minister the oat crop be)oed an average crop, fur
the last two years ?-1 do; the la►t year the harvest was pis .
tinder!, good; a great Ilea' of oats grow on ►igh and feu
land, so that they very muck deptud un a good season fur
harvesting them.
Can yon say whether, from the produce or whit nut, you
do consider that the last two yeas• were *rimed an average
crop?—Yes; they have both bees good ores, and •rraily
harvests likewise.

'Ellen you consider the introduction of 74,000 quarters of
corn, o►er and abo►e two a►erage cropr, was mot die cruse
u( lowering the price of corn ?—rheie eau be eo•dwbt but
it kept it tower than it would have brew.
Lincolushire is a pest oat coolity!—Yes.
Pray did you hear, or do you keow soy thing of the effect
of that importation or the core of Liucolushire ?—No, I do
not, in Liscoinshire.

Are you swam of the extent of the fall which took place
is the price of oat; immediately after the opening of the
porta do Dot recolket r><aetty when the ports wrested for
oats.

Do you not knew that the fall was eunsi.leralstr, after the
ports were opened ?—1 know utast oils fell .0 mush that they
s►ut the ports again; but I do not recollect the Piet they
fell to, or what took place.
Du you nut know what quantity was imputed from the
shores of the Baltic ; I rid) to know what number of goal-
ies, were imported into England, the h►t furtnighl of ,b.•
ports being opened?-1 I. wr nut sees, the retorts.

Are you not aware, that t the lime of the openiiig of ill,•
ports, the price was upward.i of fl. a qu•irter, and that the
week after the polls were opened, dist they fell to Ith
was not aware of so grass a ; I think the pervious high
price has bee,, pacify mnads!, uccaaiuturd by isitt.e.tral par-
sons going into different markets, and buying a small Iran_
lily at a high price, is order 50 raise the average returns ;
people went to market Walra far purpose.
. . .

You mean the Welsh. rnaelt,iv )—Yes.
At 'bat rate of redueisuu, du you Musk, as compared twilit
the price of 1811 or 1813, you could nu* let had to (CVOS.
Bible tenants ?-1 think in pod land, a redaction of thorh-
thiee per cent.; hut there are diatiuts of poor cutd lusty
days, which the high prier, doling the oar, tentp.e.l hind.
lords to permit to be plosabed tip; and is is exert usr4
firolt to bud a !ennui at any rate wkalessr for them.
Dues that apply to very light hitd?—Tia very poor laud sr
every son, but heavy elope gr.i.mr sorb su ustra....llln•ry
degree of labour, aa to lir inore`dsfrnrult to MaUarr ; p
light land produces bat WU', Ant it is not as espeime..
. . .

la good lauds there is a fall of 31 is r erat.?..-.lfes. • • •
la land of a moderate quality *hal fall is there -kaiak
a (311 ufnat.tbitd.

(To be mitigated.)