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London, England, 1822-04-02 00:00:00

Meesnre to facilitate the transfer of mortgagee. by
allowing the-endorsearest of deeds from one party
over ro ttiotlicr, on paying the simple duty on. the
sited stamp, ihstesd of payiog the ad valorem duty
"tow required by the Act.
Sir T. LETHSRIDOIt expected great relief to
tigncialture Isom the lowering of interest. He did
Ant blame the Bunk fur keeping up the interest.
'No eon wry owed the Bank great obligstiosis. and
itre Mink oat mutually obliged to the country.
The Bank ought to come forward to assist in ren-
aming the country from the prosesit severe and try-
nig doom's. He was cossrioced that interest must
• .:l generully if the Bank would set the example.
tit the benefit to agriculture would not be equal
-err the present state of difficulty: The Seslion could
pot pots over without something More ett'ectivil be.
g dune for it. The Report of the Agricultural
turamittee would be shortly before the House.
S.lme sunlit measure of relief might probably be
funtsisied in it. hut not enough to meet the dilates,-
iii‘ nature of the caw. The country had a right
to expect more from the P4rliarnerit. The COUiNry
ruts, have ainiarthing more dime for it before the
clote of the Session.

Mr. J. Bitterer said, that nn relief could pees to
the tenant except through the bands of the land.
Oehler, whose security upon the tenunt was alone
gond Noel available. He approved of the plan of
kiidisig four millions to agriculture at four per
cent. which would be enough to effect the lowering
at inter Ii OD all the mortgages in the country.
Mr. Wes-rano expected relief from the reduce.
11°0 of Interco, but not adequate to the distress of
sericulture. Ile was convinced that if the farmers
of Essex were called on to make up their accounts,
Awn-thirds of them would find themselves insolvent.
I I would repeat hi. words there or eliewhere, and
rest on the decision of • county meeting which was
ablaut to be called. He called on the House and
the Noble Lord seriously to consider what most
lw the condition of a ceuistry where one whole
clam. and thee the cultivators of the soil, were situ•
toed in a condition of utter distress and inevitable
ruin. Had each • case ever been heard of in the
bittory of say civilized ettontry ? So fee from
having renam to look for the approach of such a
ea!amity, they bad, on the contrary, • just right to
flew expected prosperity. The means of the
.srountry were left unimpeirett by the war—,
tie property was, generally speaking, as grist
in automat now us before—the industry and in-
genuity of the people were the same—sad the
country ought to be, and would lie prosperous were
apiculture not so depressed. The cenvulsion of
society generally most follow the present state of ,
she eountry, if not relieved by the wisdom of Par. ,
'lament. Persist in the present course, sad the
tenantry must drag down the nobiloyand geallayiat
the country After them. It was impassible fowl
to fall and the ether to retain their state number s&
1 lie landlords would have fell it befoee, but that
they had been paid for the last few years out of the
capital of their tenants. The eel grew every hour,
nod approached them with an itimessell ratio of
speed and danger. Had it not been for the hasty
and violent operation effected on the current yr,
agriculture might have prospered fur it considerably
°temper time. He directed the attentiou of the
/louse to one fact. Though he had for the lest
four or five years been in the habit of presenting
Petit' from his comity to the House iu consi-
derable number., he had not received • single
request or communication of the kind this year.
.He did not know exactly, but be believed his Hon.
.Colleague would have the same thing to say. The
oohs way he could account for it was, that his con-
stituents were in utter despair of the House ryilig
that degree of attention to the case which was dee
to it ; they absolutely gage it no as boneless to Peti-
tion the House any more. lie considered that the
distress was touinly attributable to the resumption of
cash payments so suddenly. The Act of 1797 tease
violation of all contracts in regard to creditors:
that of 1819 was equally a violation of faith with
all debtors. He implored the House to reconsider
that subject. He professed to be full of apprehen-
sions of claimer to the peace and welfare of the
country if something were not dime by Parliament
to i.revent a coeividsiou, which he believed to he
other...i.e. inevitable.
Sir E ila aa air corroborated the statement of hit
Ham CulleNgue, that the farmers oh Essex had etas.
ed to pciitiou Parliament, cnnceiviog, as he sup-
posed, that the House could do uo wore fur them
than whs. was slresdy done.
Mr. fluszissott ruse to condemn the distatsion,
which ball been gradually extended to • very large
number of topics which did nut belong to it. It
ass perfectly impossible to follow the arguments
1171011 so many subjects I he merely rose to depre-
cate their introduction, which he conceived to he
contrary to the intention of the Hon. Member for
Vi,, k. That Hon. Gent, had confined his remarks to
the effects of she plan of discounting at the Bank of
England. Upon tins subject he hoped soon to have
an opportunity expressing his opinion to the Hower.
which opportuotty would in all probability be afford-
ell by the discussion on the Report of the Agricola
real Committer, whenever it should come before
the House. In the mean time he would say, that
were the Bank to lower their duo:owls. they would
considerably relax the pressure tau agriculture. Ile
(lid out blame the course taken by the Bank ;
they had a right to manage their affairs as might
seem best to them. When, however, they boatte.l
of hauling lent the country eight millions at 3 per
trot. let it be remembered that they had, on the
transactions, advantages and privileges of an ex-
clusive nature, which must make up the profit con-
siderably. Now, it he widenitosid rightly the na-
ture and uses of such an institution, it was not so
touch that it should become the Bank ..if the Sate,
N. cat it ought to afford facilities for the operations
ml trade and commerce. If the murket price 4,1
interest were really bellow lire per cent. the Batik
not do right in holding their interest up to live.
l le could not see why they should wish to demand
wheu they were prepared to lend Guterionent
their money at three.
Mr. Monett said that the Bank had • right to
make the most of their capital. They must hate
opportunities for making five per cent. or they
would he compelled to reduce their interest. He
expected that interest would be reduced. and that
iii4ricult are would be relieved by it, but only in the
slightest degree imaginable. It would not ram the
puce of corn ; it would not relieve the farmer at
all, whateter it might do fur his landlord. To re-

here the former they moot du one of two &Or.:
either by lowering the standard, again ride the
price ofr corn to eight shillings, or retlin'e the
taxes to the reducrd proportion of value of
coMmodities. If neither of these were adoptek,
they most shortly go altogether without rents. The
T.e.,,ery might flourish ; way, it would flourish for
a while, brcsuse that money which ought to go in
rent would be paid into the Exchequer for Lutes;
but that could not last tong. capitol would be roost
drained, and they must at lust come to a rely mi.
serial reduction of the tales which pressed on the
country. All tuba measures would prove tot*
futile.
Mr. HUSICISION explained.

Mr. PIARCII said • few words •0 the essnast+
sent of &uvulas at the Bank. where the raw of
interest depended mainly on that of the public
funds.

The Petition woe ordered to be printed.
Mr. S. WORTLEY pre,tured a Petition fro*
Henry Burgers, the projector of the hate extra post
scheme, praying remuneration for the los, of time
and monr) lost by bun in molting good the exile•
!latent.

The Cunscit‘ou of the Erato:tun expremed
his opinion that Mr. Burgess wmi entitled to seine
compensation for the loos of time and expense which
he had incurred, soil if the House did not oppose
it. he would have the claim put into course of con-
sideration.
Mr. S. WORTLEY moved, that the Petition
should be printed, and gave notice that he would
move tmmormw to have it referred ton Select Cotta•
mutee of the House.—Ordered.

Mr. WASTER* presented a Poitiou from owners
and occupiers of land near Waltham, eomplaining
of agricultural distress.—Ordered to be printed.
Mr. Alderman WOOD gave notice of a motion for
Wednesday, April 44, for the appointment of •
Committee to take ioto oissuisloratiou the state of
lichester gaol.
Mr. F. Borrow put a queistisso to the Chan.
cellar of the Exchequer cm behalf of an officer who
had been dangerously wounded, but without in-
curring the loss of • limb, to know what compels-
motion he was likely to receive ?
The CHANCELLOR of the EICHEQUIIR did not
question the right of persons in that melancholy
situation to redress for their sufferings in the ser-
vice of the country. There were many cases of the
same kind, and Government had only been pre-
vented from granting them relief by their anxiety
to deliver every brooch of the public service from
any expense which could be saved. In cases like
the one just named, the intentions was to allow offs-
cers of the array the same compensation for such
misfortunes as if they had lost a limb.
AGRICULTURAL REPORT.
Mr. Gooca brought up the Report of the Agri-
cultural Committee.
The Clerk was proceeding to read it.
The Marquis of Lompotrusaav thought that it
would not be desirable to have it read now ; it
would occupy a considerable portion of tithe to go
into the discussion oh it, and if it should not be
rightly comprehended by the House, an imperfect
description would go forth to the moistly, and lead
to great misconception: It was a short document,
sod it might be printed with the least possible
delay. It might be in the hands of every Member
in forty.eight hours. There would then be time to
examine it in a sufficient manner; whereas, if it
were read now, the sense of it might be imperfectly
taken up, the error would pass into the country,
and they might have great difficulty aferwards in
removing the false impression which would he given.
Mr. Ewes said, that if the Report were out
before they separated fur the &atter holidays he
would be content. He thought that it ought to go
forth to the country during the recess.
Mr. CALCRAFT irked the Chairman if he lied
been instructed by the Committee to propose say
measure to the House ?

- - - -
Mr. GoocH said, that he had received no such
inotrui 'ions. When the Report come regularly
before ilie House for discussion, he would feel it to
he his duty to state his views to the House. The
Report would be printed to-morrow, and might be
to the hoods of every Member by Wednesday
morning.
The Marquis of LOXDONIMIT said, that it
would he his duty to call the 'newton of the House
to the Report, for which purpose he would then
give notice that it was his intetition to move on
Monday, nd April, for the House to resolve itself
two u Committee, to take the Report into considera-
tion ; his intention being to propooe some measure
in respect to the interests of agriculture to that
Committee.

Mr. C•Lcusirr said the 4211 was already apprn-
vitiated to the discussion of a very important sub-
ject by the Hight Hon. Member fur Waterford.
The Marquis of LONDONDERRY said that he
would in the mean time come ti rouse arrangemesit
with the Hon. Baronet. lie submitted if it would
not be better to postpone the reading of the Report,
which might give rise to partial and discoloured
view" of the subject out of doors, mud lead to Lois-
token inferences as to the intentions of Parliiiinent.
He trusted that when they came to the discussion
of the subject there would be only one feeling
displayed by all purties—a serious anxiety to exa-
mine one of the moat important subjects which
ever engaged the public mind, with a view to dig-
cover the best mode of relief. He hoped that all
ordinary differences of o. ) i )) ion would disappear,
aud that the only desire of every mind would be to
find out the best means for relieving the country
from its present difficishes.
Mr. G. BENNETT commended the advice of the
Noble Lord to go into the subject with calmness,
tratFrr, arid judgment, but he thought the course
taken, that of reserving every thing that was to be
said for a sort of field-day display, vas not the best
to answer the purpose. Mote way would be made
by short and frequent discu.sionr, not by one lung
speech to be made by the Noble Lord, to be an-
swered by another long speech from his side of the
House. Parliament ought not to separate fur
fourteen days without letting the country know
what hopes might be reasonably entertained of lea
lid being giveu by them.
The Mongols of LONDONORRRY explained, mild
said, that be had nut used the words " field-day
display."
Mr. G. BENNETT did not intend ti charge them
uposi the Noble Lord. They were a common
figure of entre:B4a, and the practice was ton well

liteit►n to need cottiment. Ite Noble Lord linit%
self frequently exemplified it.
Mr. CALCRAFT we, coition' to know if the titer:
%tires to be proposed by the Noble Lord aru•e übt
UT the Report, or if they were suggested by his
non. Friend, the Chairmen of the Committee,
Old v ?
The Margins of LONDONNIRRT said, that his
proposition would he one arising out of the, report.
Mr. Ttzaszy said, that it would be very earful
fur the House and the country to know something
some about it before hood; they ought to have
►ome description of the Report, and of the mutton
too, that they might judge of the probability of
To rend the Report forth to the country
without any opinion given upon it by Parliament;
was not likely to conduce to atlas the minds of the
reputed sufferers.
The Marquis of Lorne/wistaria' void, that this
measure he had to propose was imitable to the na:.
tore of the case; but he did not think it siivisable
to go into it now.
Lord A. lisutt•ron thought the silence of the
Chairman in bringing up the Reporti mod the pro-
mise of the Noble Lord to introduce a utiliser,
upon ir, equally. .strange. That the Noble Lord
should be slow to come to this question was 'sot
very seeprising, after the extraordinary neglect
which Government had shewn to P. Hut the
Chairman of the Committee ought to have had
something to say. Ilesider, he had Lid a Report
•n the write last year„io which lie did not after-
wards call the attention of the House. Were the
two Reports in collision or contradiction to each
other ? Did he abandon one when he adopted the
other ? His conduct looked more like that of
it partisan of the Noble Lord than the independent
Chairman of a Committee of country gentlemen. It
was singular that he should have declined to say ■
word oit the Report, or whether Ira agreed or dis-
agreed with it; or. in short, if there were any use-
(elites, at all i• the labours of the Committee. He
was astonished at the modified language of those
who professed to represent the agriculturel people,
and at the difference of tune within doors and
withe•t, on the distresses. He believed that these
distresses were growing worse rather than better,
and that the interests of the fundholdrrs were more
immediately connected with the subject than could
for the present be discerned by him.
Mr. Gooca said, that the Report would he
shortly in the hands of the Member.. He resented
the ides of his being considered as a partisan of his
Noble Friend. He had seen the Noble Lord and
massy of the Gentlemen opposite on that side of the
House—[Mr. Gooch was sitting next to the Mar-
quis of Londouderryl—withost ever making that
imputation. He felt as anxious es he ever had dune
for the agricultural interests. He believed that
their distresses were increased, and he was as earnest
as he ever had been fur their relief.
Lord A. HAMILTON explained.
Mr. TIERNET said, all he asked of the Hon.
Chairman was to know if he opposed the Report or
not. He had presented the House with a Report
last year which he did nut approve. How could
the country judge if the Report were entitled to
their consideration o► not ?
The motion was fixed for Monday, April 22.
Mr. Eet.teit express►d his surprise that the
Chairman of the Committee should present a Re-
port. and be content to say nothing about ir.
He canttidered•thst the House were limited to two
plans for relieving agriculture—by lowering the
value of the currency through issues of paper,
which would raise prices, or by removing the load
of taxation which weighed the country down. lie
hoped that they would adhere to the latter, or there
was little hope of their satisfying the country
gentlemen.
The Report was ordered to he printed.
The Marquis of LONDONDiRRY brought up
pit era containing correspondences between his
Office and Foreign Powers..-Ordered to be printed.
COLONIAL TRADE.
The Order of the Day was read, and the House
resolved itself into a Committee on the Colonial
Trade.

Mr. F. Itoetwsow, in submitting a short state-
ment of the views taken with respect to this subject,
did nut wish to propo.e any thing which should
pledge the Members to the adoption of it at • fu-
ture stage ; the forms of a Committee were befit
adapted for the bringing forward of a measure
grounded on their opinion of the propriety of it fur
en
alteration of the law. His motion would be
that the Chairmen be directed to ask leave to bring
in a Bill for the regulation of the trade of Great
Brim II with the Colonies and other parts of the
world. He apologised for the time ■nd attention
which he had to cabalist. which be promised to
limit as it srrowly as possible. His purpose was to
eaplaisi what had been. and was then. the state of the
law, and what alts rations it was intended to intro-
duce. He was aware of the difficulty of approaching
soy subject which coacrr•ed the intere►ts of B.,tish
navigation ; they were commonly deemed ton
sacred to be meddled with. He was likely to be
represetord as doing something highly prejudicial to
the shipping interest•. He could thew, that, look-
ing at the state of the law as it at 'orient existed,
• very minor principle was isivolved in the *therm-
bons he was about to tooptoie. He would sliew
that the narrow and rigid principle of the old na-
vigation law lied been virtually abandoned. even iu
regard to those Colonies fur the iniercoupe with
*hills it was peculiarly framed. and that iis the
eastern hemisphere the colonial principle had no
reference, no application whatever. It had always
been felt that ti would be moat impolitic to ap-
ply to our commerce with the easteru empire
that system of restrictions which at the time
of frannsig the old Navigation Act might hive
been most judiciously applicable to our pos•easions
in the West Indies. The whole territory of !mho,
Ceylon, the Cape of Good Hope. and all those
colonies where a commerce of vast extent was carried
on, had never been subjected to the Navigation Act.
In other parts of the scold the Navigation Act lied
been frequently rutitentled in operation. and was to
modified, that the principle could hardly be said to
have uny existence whatever. Parliament had been
induced to relax it ; not a single colony but had
enjoyed liberty, under certain restrictions, to intro-
duce foreign commodities in foreign ships. By the
last Colonial Art. it was competent for any foreign
O 4
to bring in • great quantity of articles into the
free ports of the %Vest Indion colonies, either for
the consumption of the colony, or for the purpose

ibr 644sti spy fur The Righ't Hon.
Gentleman then detailed the state of the intercourse
allowed befuk and since the passing of the Naviga-
tion Act between America mid the West boliiin
Colonies-.the alterations which had been formally
tacitly allowed, for the purpose of securing sup.
phee for the Mends from It* Anseriesn coon.
tient ; the arrangements by which, under cover of
Parliamentary indemnities frequently granted, that
imeterturse was upheld during the war at the entrea
pray, Bermuda, and St. John's, New Bruns-
wick. and all kinds of produce were exchanged.
I 4 eking shewn a number of instance' in which the
stlict principle of the Navigation Act was either
relaxed or almost entirely slow away is the
Intercourse of the wester* colonies, he next
described the state of the law to be equally lease
with regard to she settlement, south of Europe.
He considered that the principle lied failed, by
lapse of time and change of circuristances, arid
however valuable it might once have been, had hr
come quite obsolete and unfit for practice now.
He proposed to repeal all the several restrainiiig
Acts. and to consolidate the law bolder two new
Acts—one (or regulating the intercourse of the
continent and islands of the American hemis-
phere; the other, the porta of Europe. He pro.
posed to open the trade of the islands in certain
free ports generally, for corn sod every species
of grain and timber. reserving only some smell
and 'seminary advantage to our North Anse:.
rim, Colonies, not enough to give them a mo-
nopoly, but merely to give them what might he
considered a fair equivalent to enable them to meet
the market. Here he begged leave to remark 'id
the state of the Spanish amid Portuguese Colonies.
The Colonial Free Potts Act gave un open market
for certain commodities to the Colonies belonging tii
European States oe Sovereigns. Those Colonies were
likely to throw off t heir dependance, which would shot
them out from their', ports as the law now stood.
The question was, whether they would admit the
ships of foreign indepeodent States to a participa-
tion in the trade with these Colonies. The inter-
course with Cub*, with Mexico, with Brazil, and
the River Plate, was already open, but not with
the United States; but he was persuaded that the
hest policy that could be pursued with regard to
the intercourse of Foreign States with the Colonies.
was to place them all on an equal footing, .as it
must otherwise ultimately lead us into embarrass-
ments in our political as well as our commercial
connexions with those countries which remain ex-
cluded. When the present restrictions on the n,.
tercourse or our Colonies with oilier countries were
first adopted, it was with a view of .preventing allot
States from obtaining • superiority over this coun-
try in the markets for colonial produce. But by
the present policy of Spoil' and Port bgal—whether
voluntary on their parts or other Wise, was of little or
no importance to the present question--the trade of
their Colonies was thrown open to all the world,
and if we dtd not place the trade of our own pos-
stallions on a similar footing. we should leave to
them the vantage ground, and the result would be
productive of the most lasting prejudicial erects
to our colonial interests. We had erected an ins-
perishable monument of the humanity of our na-
tional character. by theabolitiem of the Slave Trade;
we had sacrificed the supposed advantages derived
from that traffic, which it had long been the policy of
this country to preserve with the utmost care, to
OK cause of freedom and humanity ; we had en-
deavoured by every species of urgocietion, by sacri-
fices which proved our 'Merrily, by every means in
our power to obtain the cordial co-operation of
other Powers in that great measure of the abolition,
and we had obtained their minimsl support in that
141e11,48re ; but up to the present morneist it was well
known that practically that (dhotis truffic was still
carried on to a great extent by Spain and Portugal
to their colonies in Cuba and the Brazils, where-
by they were enabled to bring to market the pro-
duce of those colonies on terms so edvantageous as
to put it out of our power to compete with them.
That formed an argument of the strongest kind,
why we should give to our own Colonies she advan-
tage of an open mid free competition with them in
the markets. Looking, then, at the relaxation
which had taken place in the colonial system of
other nations—seeing the advantages winch their
Colonies had derived from it—looking at the great
question of the slave trade. he thought he had de-
duced from these circumstances what appeared to
him to he an unanswerable argument in favour of the
extension of a similar policy to our own Colonies.
It might be asked, why this measure should be
pressed forward at the present moment—why he
did not wait till an opportunity had been even of
going more fully into the discussion of the subject?
In answer to that 'location, lie would refer to the
present state of the Colonies. The pressure under
which they Laboured was notorious—the diminution
in the value of their produce was notorious—and
•lihougli their situation in that respect was some-
what similar to that of the agriculture of this coup
try. yet it was 110 l sccompanird wish any of the
corresponding adruntages that were here der ved
to some parts of the eomintinity. Their dis-
tress arose in a great measure from the over sup-
ply of produce in the musket. of this coinery
from other places which had more recently come
under our donsinimi. Unless they could Ore
to the Colonies some relief from this I.ressure,
those who were connected with them, those whose
properties were there situated, whose capitals were
there invested, must be all iiivolved in one comment
ruin. And what, in such a case, was to become of
the numerous popula ion of,olaves that were wholly
dependent on them ? That view of the eptestioii
rendered it incumbent on Parhoment to cornider
whether it had not a legitimate mode within its
reach, by which timely teller wig hi lie given. end
the occurrence of such deep and wide-spituditig car.
!amity be prrvruted. Ni, mode appeared to Inn
available, by which such relief could be afforded, but
that of opening the trade with other countries. Ile
knew that by calculations of a were arithmetical us-
ture it might be easy toP.ICW that 1 lie opening of any
particular market would not at she moment •tforil
that degree of relief which sanguine minds. in their
anxiety to grasp at every means within their reach,
might be led to expect ; but it did appear to lilac
disponible in say, if the restrictions were owe re-
moved, to what extent •the beastrticial effects of such
• proceeding might be carried, or in what particular
way they might be ptoduced; it was impossible to
describe the limits or to detect the progress of the
operation of such a measure through the utnosagits-

Arisar

:are

.7ir=

•
able variety of ways in islnch its eitects would!
mainly reach their objet. The coissidenitiOn
this subject forcibly readied to hi. dioronry the.,
tines of one Of our poets, in speaking of the woo.
drous powers of the mind
What season. tau control,
What beefed one eau elyconmeeibe tae awl. ,
Who, rueseitios of the source front which she 4;114,
It, Reasuu'l light is resoled** thong.
Spite of her frail onwormicos, goes,
tEee Libya's damns aad through Legible's snows.°
That language, beautiful us it was, whet) appbeti
to the soul of man, became mere prose, if compaet!
to its spirit when uppleed to commerce. lie ws;
convinced they never could do wrong, by en-
deavouring, nut prematurely, not all at mice,
hut gradually to remove from commerce dime re.
attain!' under which it had been too long confiued.
It was on the conviction of its beneficial effects upon
the commerce. wealth, and strength of the country,
that he had felt himself emboldened to recommend
to the Committee the adoption of the resolution.
which he was about to move. He thought it would
be proper to extend the measure to all parts of the
world. Whim they, yaw the Spanish ship toiling
'tout Cobs to the Baltic, and thence back spins to
the Nest Indies. he could not see why the British
ship should be bound to bring the prodtire of sir
Colonies to the mother country, to be here lauded
and deposited, sod thence transhipped to the fs.
reign market at an increased expense; node eortse-
qiiently an additional disadvantage to Meet the 'mo-
diste of other colonies. Ile proposed, therelore.
that the mime principle which wos now applied to
Malta and Gibraltar, should be extended to the
other parts of Europe. He concluded by moviog
the two following Iterelistions i—
" 1. That it la the opinios of this Commit's., that the
Chairman du move the House fur leave to befog is a Bat is
regulate the trade between his Majesty's Colonies is Arm.
ties sad the West ladies, and other places in America.
"2. That it is the opiaio• of Ibis Committee that the
Chairman do move fur leave to bring us a Bill to repine
the trade between his Majesey's Posorssioas is America and
the Mat Indite, Mad other plaesettelasive of Amines."

Mr. Wt tsenvoncn in a kw tone of voice, whir h
rendered the greater part of his speech inaudible iu
the gallery, wished to press on the atteotion
of the Coinasittee one most important conodei.
ration *hich arose out of the Resolution, before
them. His Right Honourable Friend had al.
ways been the friend and supporter of the great
roam* of the abolition of the Slave Trade, mid le
was convinced that he would not knowingly advise
the adoption of any course by which that measure
might in any way be defeated ; but upon reflec-
tion, be thought he must ackitow ledge that in pro-
portion to the degree in which the intercourse of
our own islands, with the ships of other nation., be.
came greater mid more frequent, in that proportion
it would undoubtedly favour the illicit iotroducion
of slaves into these Wanda. This uoly effectual
measure by which that could be prevented, the
Slave Registsy Rill, was complete in Tnuislad,
hut in most of the other islands it wits a mere nul-
lity. He contended, therefore, that in the omit
of the triode of those islands bring thrown open, it
would be necessary that such a measure should be
accompanied by a general Slave Registry Bill, Is
the only effectual mesas of preventing so lauseat-
able a consequence.
Mr. Elaanam entreated his Honou►able Friend
to inform himself of the real state of the Island.
before he allowed ■ measure of this kind to go
forth charged by him as calculated to encourage
as illicit trade in slaves. In the present distressed
condition of the Island,, none hut a mailman
would think of importing slaves into them. It
was hardly possible to maintain those that were
already on hand. His Honourable Friend had
often complimented him unduly, at the ea•
pease of others, on his endeavours to ame-
liorate the condition of the slaves ou his pro-
perty ; but he could assure him that such was
now the situation of the Islands, that it was lames-
silde to continue to allow them many of those
comforts which they had heretofore enjoyed; and
what their condition must become, unkss some
measure like that now io contemplatio t were
adopted for the relief of the colonists, it was quite
impassible to imagine.
Mr. WILBESIPORCS said, that it was beeline the
planters were in such distress as that which was re-
presented by his Hon. Friend, that the measure in
question was proposed for their relief. That mea-
sure, if it liaJ its desired effect, would amend
their circumstances; and lie was sure his Hon.
Friend would see that the increased facility given
by the enlargement of the intercourse between the
islands and other countries for the illicit introduc-
tion of slaves, would require some accompanying
measure of prevention.

Mr. 1114111(AT? said the slaves at present in the
Colonies hail a strong interest iu the success of ti e
present measures fur the only way I. render It
possible to improve their condition was to Moire tie r
matters from ruin, by enabling them edvantsgeonsly
to meet iu the markets for their produce those who
had 'toll a trade in slaves. lie suggested the pro-
priety of a clause in the Bill to citable goods im-
ported intr. one island to be transhipped to soy
others which was not it prewtit the case with re-
spect to goods imported into any of tar isl.od. fr
ni
Greet Britain.

Mr. BUXTON did not rise to oppose the Re•ro•
lotions of the Right Honourable Genii' snail, hat
to ask. as it was now intended to remove from the
West India merchants the restrictions on their track
which was made in the last Session the ground of
ilvfeinlitig the protection given to their sugars in
the English market. by heavy duties on all oilier
sugars, what objection would now be made to the
admission of East India sugar on the same terms
and same duties as dist of the West Win! Ile
wished also to suggest that this as, the proper nine
for adopting some better regultitions for improving
the condition of the slaves in the West Indies. The
first thing which lie would recommend fur that
purpose was, the adoption of the principle of the
Ascriptio Kiebo. At present, • slave born and
brought lip on an estate, where he afierwirds
built humidf a house, married. and had a family.
witlimit soy crime. and against his cow
bent, lie removed from that to any otlier of
the old louses at least; which was, he cow
tended, as bad as any slave trade that could
rate,. Now that the liberty of trade was about lo
commence was the proper time to establish th
principle of ascription to she soil. It was also a 6:
opportunity fur ameliorating the judicial spiral, tM

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. ,
...••• •••••• •••••••••••1 vv.... 11/C •lIIIVI VI VI.IIC, imatuer, VW.
ne try in the markets for colonial produce. But by came greater raid more frequent, in that proportion
Ira the present policy of Spain end Port bgal—whether it would undoubtedly favour the illicit iotroducton
!tit voluntary on their parts or otherwise, was of little or of slaves into these islands. The only dermal
no importance to the presentquestiolo—the trade; of measure by which that could be prevented, the
their Colonies was thrown open to ell the world, Slave &gushy Bill, was complete in Tnuidad,
n. and if we did not place the trade of our Olin poll- hut in most of the other naiads it was a mere owl-
or stallions on a similar footing. we should leave to boy. He contended, therefore, that in the event
in them the vantage ground, rod the result would be of the trade of those islands bring thrown open, it
Id productive of the molt lasting prejudiciel effects would be necessary that such a measure should be
to to our colonial interests. We bad erected an ini- accompanied by a general Slave Registry Bill, so
perishable monument of the humanity of our no- the only effectual means of preventing so tomcat-
nonal character. by theabolitiou of the Slave Trade; able • consequence.
he we had sacrificed the supposed advantages derived Mr. BARRAN entreated his Honourable Friend
e- from that traffic, which it had long been the policy of
to inform himself of the real state of the !Med.
lt• this country to preserve with the utmost care, to before he allowed • measure of this kind to go
CO the, cause of freedom and humanity ; ire had en- forth charged by him as calculated to encourage
he desvoured by every species of negociation, by sacei_
an illicit trade in slaves. In the present distressed
.r, lices which proved our sincerity, by every means in condition of the Island,. none hut a madman
Ad our power to obtain the cordial co-operation of would think of importing slaves into them. It
ie other Powers in that great measure of the abolition, was hardly possible to maintain those that
were
.re and we had obtained their tiotnintil support in that already on hand. Hie Honourable Friend had ,
rf measure; but up to the present moment it was writ oftea complimented him unduly, at the rot• i
known that practically that odious truffic was still pease of others, on his endesyrairs to saw-
carried on to a great extent by Spain and Portugal horste the condition of the slaves ou his pro- ;
113 to their colonies in Cuba and the Basile, where- perry; but he could assure him that such was '
ill by they were enabled to bring to market the pro- ow/ the situation of the Islands, that it was imp os- 1
d• duce of those colonies on terms so nrlvantagrous as sihle to continue to allow them many of those 1
to put it out of our power to compete with them. comforts which they had heretofore enjoyed; end
se That formed an argument of the strongest kind, what their condition must become, %mhos some
ial why we should give to our own Colonies the Wean- measure like that now io contemplatio i were
rage of an open and free competition with them in adopted for the relief of the colonist., it was quite •
e- the markets. Looking, then, at the relaxation impossible to imagine.
:I, which had taken place in the colonial system of
Id other nations—wring the advantages which their . Mr. WILBEIWORCS said, that it was %senate the
U. Colonies had derived from it—looking at the great planters were in such distress. as that which was re-
m-
question of the slave trade. he thought he had dr- pruesetntedu
was proposed for their relief That
by his Hon. I' riend, that the measure in
r .
re (tweed from these circomstatices what appeared to
sure,ges if it had its desired effect, would amend
him to be en unanswerable argument in favour of the
be extension of a similar policy to our own Colonies, their circumstances; and lie was sure his Hon.
Friend would that the increased facility given
3R It might be asked, why this measure should be
Le by the enlargement of the intercourse between the
at pressed forward at the present moment—why n
islands and other countries for the illicit introdur-
he did not wait till an opportunity had been given of
Pt going more fully into the discussion of the subject? nos, of slaves, would require some accompanying
1
to
.n answer to that 'peanut), lie would refer to tne measure of prevention.
to present state of the Colonies. The pressure under Mr. MARIYATT said. the slaves at present in the
he which they laboured was notorious—the diminution Colonies had a strong merest in the success of tie
0- in the value of their produce was notorious—and I fur the old way I. render it
'resent measure,
Ire
1.. e r
le •lihougli their situation in that respect was tome- possible to improve their condition was to save lov ,
iii what similar to that of the agriculture of this coup - masters from ruin, by enabling them •dvantthageerewi
tt.t. i
Do try, yet it wits not scrawny:wird with any of the to meet iu the markets for their
he corresponding advuntages that were here der ved
to to some parts of the eomintinity. Their dies priety
bad still a trade in slaves. He suege produceed
goods
rale-.
of a clause
.in the Bill to enable . i v
k- tress, arose in a great measure from the over um
at present the case with re-
d, ply of produce in the muskets of this couirry other, which was not
into
I.
iii
~. ported intr. one island to be transhipped to on.
s. from other places which had more recently Mlle
s tinder our dourinioti. Utiles. they could sire Great Britain.
spect to goods imported any of tar island, r ,
" to the Colonies some relief from this I.reisitre, Mr. BUXTON did not rise to oppose the Re•n•
lit those who were connected with them, those wie l
ner lotions of the Right Honourable Gentleman, it:t
th propeities were there snouted, whose capitals were to ask. es it was now intended to remove fromthe
he there invested, must be all irivolved inone minium] West India merchants the restrictions on II • Wlao, ;
11° ruin. Arid what, in such a case, was so become of which was made in the last Session the ground e
Y• the numerous popula ion of,olaves that were wholly f defending the protection given to their sogsrs.,:ll
P- dependent on them ? That view of the questa.] the English market. by heavy duties on all oil
're tendered it incumbent on Parliament to croesider sugars, what objection would now be made to thee
nit whether it had not a legitimate tootle within its I admission of East baths sugar ors the emmeterpis
se reach, by which timely teller might lee given, end 111111 same duties as dial of the West Indira.' Ile
no the occurrence °fetich deep sod wide-pirodii,g es. wieherl also to suggest that this ass the
le. !amity b, illeVelited. N. mode appeared to lens for toloptiog eunie better regulations for improving
her 'be available, by which such relief could be afforded, hut the condition of the slaves in the Weld Indirs
t.
ed that of opening the trade with other countries. Ile first thing which lie would recommesd fur.
a.
thebgt ,
"e knew that by calculations of a lucre siithrnetiettl us. purpose was, the adoption of the principle 151. l
ad tore it might be easy to chew that the opening of any Aecriptio this. At present, • slave bornw,tve,l
proper time
50 particular market would not so the moment •flor.l brought up un au estate, where he after?,
il.
to that degree of relief which sanguine minds. in their built honied!• a house, married. and had a meo;j.
el sosirty to grasp at every means within their remelt, might. without any come, and against hie
of
ail might be led to expect ; but it did appear to bliss sem, lie leinused froni that to any outer
°' imporsable to say, if the restrictions were wine re-
the 014 Colonies at least; which we., he anti'
lie moved, to what extent • the beneficial effects of such tended, as bad as any slave trade that could
Ku a proceeding might be carried, or iei what particular eater. Now that the liberty of trade was
shout lo
lie way they might be ptoduced; it was impossible to commence was the proper time to establish Ith
.
for describe the limits or to detect the proems of the principle of *script/0* to the Doll. It was SRO a'.
Me operation of such a ineusure tlistrugh the uniusegin- opportunity fur ameliorating the judicial sysystem,e i g
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