The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1824-01-10 00:00:00

n'TX",,,"' age g
• WNW

His Majesty, the Ki'g of Bavaria, has sent a Inge gem Ito our Alderman, A. E. 3lartens, as a testinmny of his approh.
tion of M. Martens' works on the criminal prisons and charnab,,
institutions of the city of I; amintrgh.
EXCHANGES.
A MST ES DAM, JAW. 6. I Andoo' 39 8 ; two months, 39
HAMM' KOH, JAW. 2.•—Landon, 36 8; 36 11. pat* ts,
months. 26 27.32.
sr. PETENSEVEGII, DEC. 19.—London, 97_19; NAN
Ilr.a st, I)r.c. 30.—London, three months, 7 2i. "•
lESIC, Dec. 29.-I,:ndon, three month., II 191.
%'IEN NA, DEC. 21.—London, two months, 9 VA

MEXICO.

OFFICE OF TOE SEC TTTTTT FOR IVAI
AND MARIN?.
CIRCULA It.

The Supreme Executive Power has thought fit to adiltoq
to me the subjoined decree:—
" The Supreme Executive Power, provisionally appointed by th,
Sovereign Alexican Copycats, taking into consideration—
"'that the war with Spain never could be considered conekkd,
until that nation formally and selemnly recognized the independ„.,
of North America, which has been the object of 13 years et
matt and sanguinary sacrifices':

" That, nevert clews, the Mexican nation and its Governney
practising the principles of lenity and prudence which character'
Amerians, permitted the existence of friendly relations with /74.
nigh subjects, free trade in their produce and manufacture,,
removal of their (*Vets and rational property, lied the free cote)...
their merchantmen into nor ports
" That, notwithstanding this generous conduct, and &metro'
her trim interests, the spanish nation has not taken a step vile,
shos s a real disposition for peace; but, on the contrary, ktepu4
in view her ancient ideas of dominion, she maintains a force all
small point of the Mexican territory, with the daring "
theuce issuing to reimpose anon the motives of this land
minious yoke of servitude from which they iltre so
emancipated themselves:
" That the Governor of a small fortress, after

of this continent, pretensions which are 'unjust and hr,
with the laws of nations observed by all free states, forgetting th,
presence of the Commissioners of his Cabinet, charged with tit*
ciations for treaties of commerce, and failing in his promise to di
:tie:zit:trews of Vera Cruz, nos to open his fire without prow..
notice, in order that the peaceful citizen. might remove their ps
sons and property front the ravages of war, which he howevera
without the requisite intimation, on the evening of the 23th of S.
tember last, cannot be believed not to act in pursuance of
and instructions front hi. (lovernment.

" Finally, as it is the duty of this Government to defend
teril of the territory which has been confided to its care, to
tain the glory and dignity of the nation, to cause the flag w hi
conducted her warriors to victory to he respected, and, in -
with the laws of war, to diminish the enemy's means of
hottilltio, it has decreed and does decree—

" 1. That the roadstead and the said forttrwt being under
of our batteries and gun-boats, the Castle or San Juan de '
hereby declared in a state of blockade. 'Vessels of war '
to the ration and her allies will therefore attack the ('-
the meant of war in their power.

" 1. 31erchantmen belonging to Spanish subjects shall
wiled to sail from the ports of Mexico within 3.1 hours aft r omit
ceion of this decree, and shall not, on any pretext, again ate
th, rein, under pain of being drelared good prize.
" 3. The importation of Spanish produce and manufactures it
prohibited at all the custom-houses and maritime ports. ,e•
Alps which may bring such merchandise, shall be allowed 4
if they come from an American port, and four months if from
European port; but after these periods they shall also be connidosl
good prize.
" I. The punishment imposed by the existing laws shall be
ed on all persons. whatever may be their rank or situation, who Ad
be found to keep up any intercourse with the garrison and inhabit.
ants of San Juan tie Illus., as every kind of communication murk
completely cut off
" 5. All Spanish merchantmen to which this decree may be 11►
tified, and which do not thereupon inonediately tail for a fors*
port, shall be declared good prize ; an they shall also be, it, riot
' this intimation, they be taken steering towards any of our pante
of ('olonibia.

" 6. The present decree shall be communicated to the Cenci
commanding departments, to the commanders of the national gat,
to the commanders of the ships of allied and friendly nations, a
the post-captains, and to all the persons in authority to whom
belongs to watch over its execution, under their most strict Tapia.
sibilit).—(liven in .'Mexico, Oct. 8.
" 31.% RUN° MICH ELEAN.4., Presitlmt.
" JOSE HIUHEL DOMINHILTEZ.
" VINCENTE GUERRERO.
" JOSE JO.IQUIN DE HERRERA.
" For the purpose of securing the most scrupulous fulfill
the present decree, 1 communiutte it to you► Excellency, in cede
that in all respects, in so far as you are concerned, care cay
taken of its execution, and that you may render an account
infractions which come to your knowledge. pad and liberty..
" Mexico, Oct. 8. " J. J. DE IIERKERA."

dischou
,t sum

streets
,wcre

its theirs, and extenuated
[From the 21fueirld Garelte.l and its fury. Ile
MADRID, DEC. N. Of your beloved LI
After having, in our preceding article, recapitulated such ha . Let the world
as we deenmd rocessary to eta 'list, a comparison between s . The civic v
Royalist army ard that of the lorsurgents of Peru, we demur/sena
that from those fa cis Europe might judge of the opinion of auk, • • in Europe, re
habitants, which is not so opposed to the Parent State as some fa • • h America, and in you
reign Journalists affect to insinuate. , glonotts with the title
All those who have any statistical knowledge of Peru. know Ow dthedee of the laws, and
six-eighths of its inhabitants are Indians, one-eigthth slam or - slave, whilst your as
emancipated slaves, and the remaining eighth Spaniards, divided deserving the honour
into Europeans and Crcoles. The Indiana. being generally m• • reward ofita labours
plus eat in husbandry labour, the mines, and the mechanical are
arc ignorant of even the name of politics; and those of done.
rights, C.1.4:11A, congresses, popular elections, constitution. tad
independence, are cquall! unknown to them. Neither do they oos
derstand the names of the Coe:clues, Intendants, and Viirrrti
w• 110111 they blindly obey. There arc no subjects in the world sos
hear pronounced, and pronounce themselves, with more wow%
the name of their legitimate Sovereign, whom they ran met:
King, at the same tints uncovering their head, bowing the boll.
and making other extraordinary demonstrationa of respect.
" I am a Royalist" ( Yo soy Reatieta ), say they incense&
considering the name of Insurgent as an odious epithet. "llet!
The King !" this is their device; a device so consonant with'
sentiments, that, when some ill-designing individuals are
brandish the torch of discord amongst them, they seduced
the name of the King, by persuading them that it was to
serve the domination of that country to the King of Spain.
whom the Spaniards designed to wrest it. This w::18 what
pored in 1814, when Angola, Vejar, and Mendoza (en
from the prisons of Cusco. in which they were confined I
which they were on the point of expia), excited them to
motion, aided by the soldiers who ha been charged to
them.
Not a word need be said respecting the European Spaniards.
banishments., the assassinations, and titc pillage of which thy
been the victims., and which they preferred rather than take
oath of independence, are, and will always be, irrefragable esid
of their inviolable attachment tithe Parent State and
bitable that they cannot offer incense to a divinity, whose alto
stained with European blood, and whose Ministers. tinder tl
of civic virtues, of stains they maks a parade in their writ,
consummate monsters in all spncies of crime.
The American Spaniards, no one can doubt, incline for the
part in favour of independence; nevertheless the most rat
emongst them au/Trent this sentiment, being persuaded that
wants the promotion of agriculture, industry, and commerce..
turn's without which no independence can exist. It is in rair..sel
they, that we are directed for example to the indepesidenoe of the*
glosAmcrican Republic : that couture previously possessed the VC-
of the democracy which exists in her Nastitution ; the greater Fei.
of her first colonists, born amidst the religious arid piilitical re*''
tines of Europe, emigrated to that country and transmitted ail'
publican spirit to their children. But in Peru we only set thee'
delible stamp of a temperate Monarchy, and Indians who r
idolatrously attached to the King of Spain. If say all reflecne
Creoles, we sever the ties which attach us to the Parent State, d•
other European Power will usurp dominion over us, and then rt
shall prefer the tontipiop g[Sysktitu_hccatise her relienns ban
arid' manners ate common with our own, anal because on coin,
'One condition with that of the native Creoles of Jamaica, leitri
and the coasts of 31slabor and Coromandel, we but apple% •
more highly the wise laws which tilvern no. amiss erenpreterdic )
to the Colonial haws of all the European nations. e*
NVIso, then, are the insurgents of Pcru, the Courier
quire? The insurgents of Peru. we will answer him, are s Ise
of needy adventurers, known at Lima under the name of 840
tuvat a confide acv of lawyers. who, having been expelled
profession for their perrsof rinetiities, view themselves, in image
tion, already seated in a new upper chamber; several Cart
(Amu.% alto, unworthy of the sacerdotal investiture, and sou
whom thinking themselves Ambmses, and others Augustin%
revol••.ion, persuaded that it will obtain the episcopal mitre.
insurgents of Peru ate Cochrane, Miller, Foster, Rattle;, and e•
foreign Don Quixottes, who, as they can neither endure in
own country the contempt which their conduct has merited
enteetain the hope of being restored to the regard of their lien'
went anal countrymea, nor of satiating their inordinate love of re,
rand and riches, have pmceeded to the New World, where do;
practise their revolutionary tactics. The insurgents of Pre et
several Americana, unworthy of living under the mild and pg..
laws of King of Spain.
Revolution resembles an enormous rock, which, detached flee
high and steep mountain, forces along with it every thing. °
counters in Its passage ; and it is f this reason that a dismal!'
must be made between those who gave the impulsion and thout
sufesed theniaelves to he led away by it. The former are die :
%urgent% and not the Indians, who have not been the romile.,
hut the unhappy victims of political conrubions. This to the
son why these convulsions have only been ephemeraL A tnnitr,ii
of examples exist in support of this troth; we could relate
all, but a single one sill %toffee for our parries,.
On the 2d of .larnic7, Its i 2, a horde of Insurgent* inn"-c(11.,
Potosi, to induce the garrison to revolt, without the people to
taken any part in this in movement, the resell`
which were massacre-% pillage, amassiaatians, and the most le:
nical persecutions. Potosi, thanks to the courage and inorP,
of our Chiefs, Chliquisack, tioro, and Tupisa, was retaken en
12th, and occupied by the Royalist troops, aided by the Inds,.
that town and Leighbourtiootl. who. on taking up arms to et`
them, DOMilleell for their Chief a Lieutenant who had 01,7
from the garris,,n on the 2d, and who had gone amongst dis
solicit an saylum. snil to offer them his arm and sword.
If, however, tine e./toi:sr demands 1.11-thet prnofs, we ir.s”

.00 repeated . fu
Corginent,"gratitutle
for the hero of ( (lon
'l')rants. Vett, VOI
the growing heals 4
has so long devastai
• ever frees ainoug u
! obese ginecee do
la people alio a
'nu. Weighed
force enneentrat

SOUTH AHEHIC.4.

ty haq
libert

negociaw

4 tt
UCCCIIIIir

:111
i
ifi
aIT 3`411 ego& ,a re air to Peru. H
my o his &pm*. :' •
,411ItiliisPh the rernmenta
wins and chantab;t insurgents-and he eil
gle European. Thence
ere well known for its
i months, 39 3 he will behold there s
Id II PR* te . e wade prisoners in
7-36; Paris let. •
7 Re. .• severs toil, and who m
. to whim Christian Cla
a Mi. i • Algiers, rather than s
II b.& • er having examined tt
t to recognise in wh
ui col.
. 1 .......
roam FOE 41 Al r ENTRY OF 1
WE.
[From tlie Cartliag
ght fit to adihtli .# PERI r
R]
17 appointed by th, t; sere
JOSE DARNE
i:r
teratian.-
the exercise of the p
nsidered conduit& The vessel which cm
el the independeto • Republic of Colorihi
of 13 Yews of cut. •' aa at this capital, and
idol is liberty, show
Id its flovennes. . sessions
bee
tmlita.witlti:Rainhanenttilrhinsue:farallotwailecpc7thalucli:::e.,' `::: I..phip...‘ 4....:e32l,...ra"—eir.A•rii:gucetnihiletthtihe:ehirtrevaitimbnliautx.Pdflmtinibeeofillee
' **ratting honours to his }
,:t..,
and forgetful .; •
of Colombia.
e contrary, tit-r,4 imable innusclinte,if• •
e dmrlnß design e , • there shill be a disclaim
dais land that 'gee to be cepestod at sue
bore so &near .. 'on shall take piece.
ales, making, on 0. Thom whose duty it i
it and incontisc• ve an account of its
charged with tole . taay Naar of his Auld
h 6 promise to th
e without previa : • RANCE INTO Ll
4en at Lima, the li
re're their PE • Agel DENT LIBEL
„r.
is he however& . : IiIVAR. •
of the 2frth of* .• d. Monday Morning co
ursuance of waft t.. 7.- vor,thata., .Irtfage mitmg 1
wtt aigenciva, t.a tints
it to defend then. 1. pets in wniebnew a
o its care. to nee. ' as ef joy obi,* 1
mnriPgii; aoingliglier: The
MilttlNP
°I
S
the flag a hich ha s: „ in the copital. A t
and, in ecntinart :. 'lowing lathe streets
=us of economic ' . - ; and .patriotism, were
the f of the Republic and
wing under oc. , . port to most tom t the
a Juan de lire 411 avenues, and di_ pen;
4of war bawler L. vary quarter argratify the
the Castle with al (.. -•,fit singular model of at
1. with his name, his wish
nets shall be em• aiteven ! exclaimed some,
I hour. af: r num. latiternmy and a correct op
retell, again au- - am ; now he is arrived who
starch, which threatened
md manufacturer • '....ant to make the sedition/
ire pone. Need • : others ; Bolivar is wit
be allowed if dm .. is aloe more than •i si
months if foe CI , niphs, he learned, in II
I also be considtrai , and, es the reward i
pa. The pride oldie 1
/MS shall beak:. (admit troops will be,
dtuation, who dal of Peru has reach
criton and ininait• promised not to sheath
lillhication musk m America. It is a
and earabobe how
decree may be I& impatience of the 1
ty sail for a leap sot be gratified till
LII alai be, if, aria began to be discover
any of our parer to the petriojie free
, the ringing of bells, a
ted to the Game In triumo, as it wet
f the national lit was received by a I
Friendly nations,* posed of six individui
ithority to whore : on his opportune arri
most strict rapes.: the Peruvian nation. I
the President of our ft
IN.A.4aPrelitlent. ' -...,• , • 111141 there, amid.
if& • . • tl. but repeated vows lc
O. • . the Continent, gnuittide
.
r:RRERA ' for the hero of ( chic
erred, care rose it ! *inch has so long devextru
iiixevloullesnrcuyl.iiiimiirat.dre
.... ,ttr
%Ostroff
the growing
1!:11,
xas account or in . peer for !VET Irma among u
d and liberty. it
_ . - sou, hem ! obese sincere do
11ERKERA." 4 ~,tutie eta people alio a
•- hopes on you. Weighed 1
• tbe Spanish force enticement

kupso this a labissaber on we taws, Ann
stern r :1 their slave, whilst your it
dindel • • AMA dawning die honour
mil, fir the rewind Wits labours
Meal ans la •
of dais. • ". Bolt Jose BILIUrAItDO
ninth Jai - rt-sti
o they so- • The Sovereign Corq,:ress
' • " This Constituent Con
• • "!.• e, by all the means diet
rc▪ re,p,-. • •-•'' cod by civil discords, my
call tee combat with, and bawl
the t,04. 4: 'Lento, of Colombia, Sh
t. Sovereign authority Bag
tcr,Wilt, • • our oountraLidbert
, "Ger • • • have as
with thu . • 1. Tie Congress *nth
woe anon Bolivar, to ten
ed then: • • of the Om
as to r. • of the itoroblie,Ipn
tato. fox . dbeeletion of the Katie
what tsf AB the socassery p
3 euss.t • .sted with this negoctatio
for Mao to It, the person or pi
„ to Inc. " You will take care ti
to ge-1 • be taken, ordering it t
'men in the Ball of ('n
dares. iguerola, President ; Joe
thty I. lanuel A. Colmenarts,
in take tie " Let theft whom it co
le evidros later of State in the d
it is led:. •• • cat of its execution...-.
a simile Beenardo Titer, by
ler the rd Denas."—((iastme of
3,H123.)
nutty. •
P. JOSE BE
r the • theeCenstitutat Congre
bt ram asextraordinary power
that p • • t war, and freeing th
net. , involved, in awniespir
• that the national wi
, ▪
the* . Is capital of the Liberati
d the" who is alone able to t
he was solemnly invit
"c;i • bosom of des National
lard a tla-
see thet• T " The Oinjgess dep;
„.•,..r • • kis, Cameo Bolivar, to
Tdiauy INTIM military authority
rate.ordmary anti extract:ln
d then r a country demands.
" 2. tle is equally 'tante
'Bs necessary from the war,
, • for the public exigencies.
, " 3. fhe latitude of ti
lC es, is such us a Deemer
filch determinate object
rr 119 e
are b')l7. try.
4. In ceder that the a
of tVt • pt_iblic, conferred lay the
trelloi hiershaL, Don Jose Berne
the anterior declarations
it: 1:114*.
241110 M I, with the Liberator in all
ma .that are :lot in opposition t
and
l I Mlle a
owhom it ap
rtiP:ox:rjt.er:TanWn.ghlulolar;l'halye;fiv
tit: tire Coogrets to Lima, ikh S
W the ins
e hundred
tied f
Ore Pie,'
• INCaEASING TRADI
ting at our Custom-li
&trier/ • FrOm Foreign Po
Moser! Cowers
are de;
r"lx
ri tie°
A maltr'- Yeas. vxssi
relate
In 1623
proczedtt
ypir hs;
._7:lll""lenailnktbe2 r Of- Vcaaell—.s9ll;
Rlvater7ardit'hiann thhaet of an
• that . , Port. We have now t!
Iv that year an exc.'s.
:c v:'l4' Li'Yriza Colr: Kr.
•