The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1822-11-14 00:00:00

THE STARS OP SCRIPTURE.

All the stars mentioned is the Bible are now eonspiesees
every clear everaing, between souses and wise o'clock. About
baltpam four Areturimmay be sees in the North West. By
some smog is coasiderektlis soiree; star to our system, so
aceoest of its magoitodet• by gibers, Arelnroa, on account
of its brilliance and Ole peculiar beauty of its aspect. Al.
though thia stir is is Romeo, its same is derived from Are-
tumour*, ',Jellifying the tail of the Bear, on account of its
proxlmoty to that cossiellstion. The Pleiades, which con-
stitute that glittering cluster, *Kell tionsetineeri appears like
• sheet of saver,' wily sine be men early to the evening,
almost divelitest, &Sew degrees higher than Jupiter, below
Which lb. Hyatt's! appear in the engaging Vela of > is.
veiled. TA the leader of this delightful group the
Aeabtaus Mee gives the appellation, Aldellearan, or the
Star of Superiority. Below' the Hyades wed Om Wei.
41•Awititegiesegoerneetees his Omit miter Ats *Wet hailf-pwat
eight ergo*, when, at; his Chaldaic title (Chtmah) im-
plies, be IMO WO the resemblance of "as armed mats"
The Crooked Serpent winds its tortuous lewd' between the
Iwo Regis, which ate called Cliesillm by the author of the
Books of Biog.: Etaala,• fiery alai is its head, which glows
in the concave above Boots', is said to peas over Losidois.
Between eight and nine u'elork there become esinspimmes is
the siorib-exat, Genital, or the Tries, which, as we learn
from the Acts. of the Aposiks, gave its title to the ship is
which St. Pail sailed; fur its sign was Castor aid Pella:.
When Orion has fully grins to the vier, these, with Ald, Ira.
ran, Maio, Jupiter. and several oilier wars in Mszsaroth,
diffumithromrh the East the reulgeoce of beauty. For that
benoisoberk is then garnished with such magnificent orb. as
nothing could brio!,
,firth but the wisdom of Him whole
glory they .ugly declare—notbing lead is their courses
but Almighty Power—nothing but the head of Omuipo•
trace guide; so that they seem to the attentive ear—
For ever singing, as they rhune.
" Tae Hated that made us is Davis.."

AN ACCOUNT OF
The CONSTELLei llottS of SCRIPTURE.

[Compiled by ibe Editor of the Bostorst Gazette for die
eetiriee of Jevenile Reader...l

" Can't thou the sky's booevolence resirJen,
Arid tante the Pleiades to shire in Imo
Or, when Orion apiaries troas his s►here,
Thin Ont cold sewn. and unbend the yesr
Bid Mammoth his ►urger statirrn know,
Or tench the bright Arcturus when to [low'"
Young's Paraphrase of the Book kf

Astronomy seems to have been cultivated in the
earliest times, on occultist of ii. great and various
utility. To discover the courses or revulutiotis of
the sun and moon, which were originally "
or-
dained for signs and for seasous, and fur days and
fur year:, wa. necessary fur an accurate knoaledge
of these several measures of time and of the vicits-
*etude of sesnous, so important in history, agricul-
ture, navigation, sod the due celebration of stated
religions festivals.
The fixed stars, therefore, first noticed with at-
tention, were probably those which lie neartst to
the Soil and moon in their paths through the hea-
vens, because, by observation of their relative pusi-
tlous and distances from such star., the length of
Or saunas and of the year could only be detewituned.
Hence, the first part of the poiruitive sphere that
Was framed was naturally the Zodiac. The earliest
classification of the zodiacal stars was probably
into distinct groups or flusters, funnel by con-
necting hoes, such as were found on the
ancient plassisplieres.
In the earliest written books of the Scripture. we
find no notice of .any constellations; but they are
mentioned its the later writings, its the prophecies of
Isaiah and Amos, rod in the book of Job. Whets
Amon appeals to the heavens, as testifying the glory
end power of God, he mentions three or four con-
stellations. When the author of the book ofJub is
warm in expressing the power and the goodness of
Gml, he also inetitioos about the some ttttt thee;
•nd when Isaiah denounces the veogeance of Ike
Almighty, lie threatens Also kening the cou.tellatlfoli%
as one of the articles of that punwholent tort, were
to strth,r, told lie also routines himself within the
seine number. They all to ineeitiouing there few
✓epress them by the same names. These are
Cl b, Chem, MM. filitbish-flarili, and Maze-
rush and Mazoloth. Jobb adds Iladri-Teimati.
Of the 31st and 32d verses of the 311th chapter of

-

Joh, butbeeer, the twervnietsuts to
'lune in all wrisso.o., •nci.nt nr modem ;
wild ihr roni,neiantors tlifirr ninth in liar °woman
rireptortis;g Ile true prone. By th. Srptimiciat. or
Greek rereinn, are ironehtied iu the following
inqnnei

• " Camel thee &mess the heed et she Pisoieifee (Chiseale),er
epee the eimhostam, Vie loch et Orion:" (Chi ett.,)
" remit the. d sphy M.tsreih is. hit mmotm. sod load WI
the evo nine oar (Ants) wools hi. Mossier river
Thr Vulttew, 41, I-111111 vereocto, reurtettr the=
thee
" Gait thee juin teeethrr the strartothee ewe et the
Piejadee (Ch'essols). 9. Meek she mete, i.e Awls* Ns reve-
lations of Airfares r (amid)
Casio shim brine forth Lucifer, i.e. tie seiresioe seer
hiahmteth) at his time • tor th.the eke imisisi Mar
OM%) Asa see tops 10.
but the Mt. Cottoptl 14111111111‘,46 his'
History of Astronomy. dirt Cloinonh a otathittv
more than Grinel aid. End refute hattor4lly
directs to the comedian.° 0.1°... 1.),. Mil, in
hi. urrettee, strenuously maintains the same opi.
mon.

The very learned Dr. Hales, of Killesauilra, hose.
ever. St/Veil, in hip es. ellen, Mutlol.l If I h►orulogy,
that he supposes the xomes arsrgi•rd to the coiiptd.
Lemon were pri.bahly at first signiflegnt only of Meer
gauntlet. •''Thus;' hr tory., "the hook I.f J•ib,
who was himself contempursry N.tor. Ants-
ham's grandfather, reprriserits the candiiisl runsiel-
lations of spring and anionic'. in 11,1. time, by
signifpisig rharssiag, correspmrdu.g to
Taurus; and ChePil. chilled, co, re•poolli lig to
Scorpio; and the carillon' colistellaiiiiiis of winter
and summer by Aid., ingrii4ing a group, or ossent-
bl.ge, expressive ail Ursa ISlsjor ; 'and t%l.zs►uth,
?aging, or /veiny:, and expressive of Canis, isi the
sultry dog days."
Of Masaroth we have treated at large ins former
nuinber. 1111..zaloth, mesittoned 2 King., mei. 5, is
supposed by Custard to signify the Menssil al
Kamer of the Arabians, or the mansions ..f the
moon. Hadri Teiman, Joh, ix. 9, the priv.re
chambers of the south, seem to mean on coostella•
lions in particular, but to comprehend all the stars
lying towards the South Pole, and invisible in the
latitude where the book of Job was rampager,.
Nabastodserih, or the " Crooked Serpent," Job,
Itavi. 19. ta generally supposed to sigoify brace.
I•t is certain, however, that observations were
made upon this constellation by the ancient., for
are purposes of husbandry es well as of sailing, as
appear. from Virgil—

" Prodetes ton wool Ardori *Wens no►is
Naiturvoique dies orryousii., et locidos aspic"
" Besides, t►e ploogtinson I nn leto advise
To osa►k deo days lb, &At and dropoeige,
Ao4 e►es Aretws►skises ioiortk.rs skim"

DvSkies EON.
Ilse sweetie, of sailiag by tie stars, itciitiliog to
Homer, was to ow among►t the Greskr as rs,ly es
the lime of the Trojan war, for he says of Ulysses,
wheat satalteig on his raft, that

r• Phenol at the help be oat, sea marked the Aim
Nur elated in deep Ese ever wesehfel ryes.
There •tr...d the Pleiades and the Norther* Term,
Aod greet Orissn'a more refulgent besot ;
Tv •Nish, rth.und lbe axle of she Sky
The Boer rerniriog, points him golden eye,
Who shiers exalted w lb' et hs,rrol ..lain,
Na.. kaki bus blastisegAereeheed se the maim.*

SECIPMD ADDIrESS
TO TUT
LANDOWNERS OF THE UNITED EMPIRE,
BY C. C. WESTERN, ESQ. M.P.

Some additional observation* respecting the
quantity of money which seems in exc-eel the de-
mand, appear to be still necessary. A further in-
creased quennty of currency has recently taken
place by the advapee of shout two million, to the
Government by the Bank, to make the psymiuts to
the 3 per cent. creditors; the natural effect of this
addition of two millions issued by the Bank, is to
MEe price., and so it 00111.1 to a given extent. as
soon as a little further time had allowed its gradual
extraction from the banker's strong hue, where it
lies neatly 'soviets at present ; but then us the
price of corn and teller commodities began to
rise, gold wield do au likewise, and advancing
soon be)ond the ancient standard price of
3/. 17s. 10d., the notes would return ill Yvon
the Batik fur gold, the quantity of notes must
then be again contracted, ■nd the price of commo-
dities would again Gill. I believe, the Bulliontsis
themselves affirm, that the arbitrary price of gold
at 3/. 17s. 10d. establishes a certain limit to the
issue of bank note., which cannot be exceeded : a
dunioution of their value below the par of that
atandard would immediately follow whenever that
limit was exceeded, and a consequent run for gold
would tak► place. Thus is the harrier to a more ex-
tensive eirculstirtg medium rendered insuperable by
Peel's Bill. No plait can be devised,; to make any
permanent difference : any other currency, whether •
of country bank ItUtt or joint stock companies,
convertible into gold on demand, at 3/. 17*. Md.
would of (VOW, by the same mean*, be equally li-
mited. Such a currei.4 would lint iticreave the
general circulating medium of the country ; it
could only supersede that of the Bank of England.
I shall not, 1 hope, be supposed to be the ativoetitr
of an unlimited paper currency ; there mica he
some standard or measure, by which it may be tried,
mid at which it must be convertible into the pre-
cious metals ; but common sense sod justice point
out the neceouty of reoffering such measure con-
formable to that by which we borrowed. The Bid-
hornets further ad iiiii , that the money price of ruin-
inodtUi•s is limited, or rather governed, by the ug-
gregale quantity of ttiuiwv lit airy country. Tire
aggregste quantity of munerbeing then plied try
the old standard, thus resumed, the money prn•ra
of corn and other madam', cotetequently, mini
of
nrceaeitl•, revert bid: to the old 'Verily prises
exiting before that old standard 'was abandoned,
and there they must continue under the existence
of Peel's Bill. The:inapplieshility of these• old.
money pricer to the actual state of the country, was

certainly felt as s►rnnelc by Ministers a Ira years
alga, as it is stated by me to b• now.

I think I may foal, qnote Mr. finiii•son iss the
lode: of their opinion at that time : I did indeed
quote this some parsioge of a rower+, presumed to
hare been delivered by him in 1814. ii 'lie diseue-
'too open my motion on 11w 1.21 h or Jo,r I.at.
I' With respect to the eliermiagenie us that
to be given to the farmers, it should hr colisid re .I
that them was now a great diminution in the pylon of
money. and that the espial isectiwary for currying .'o
farming operations. must be now double what it was
before the war. The Noble Lard (Lord A.Hamiltim)
d-erived himself, therefore, if be thought that things
could return to what they were before the War ;* this

ores elm 'trite soot daragemowe.rrerweeinrtemsid ter '
spies-teased. Mina waraid•efe.tre be the permanent ow-er-e •
ehirge ef the country now that the war was at
on end ? The whale expenses of this country, in-
clotting all our establishments, before the war, only
amounted to postern millions. He could lint anti.
opine whet pert of nur present est .blishments would
he kept up. hot whatever they would be, he be-
heard that our peace estirbli•hment must entail
nproi es a burden of nearer entry then fifty mil-
lions. Would this prodece no difference in the
money value of "II articlek ? When Gentlemea
talked of the incremed price of bread, was not every
thing roved in yrnpOrtluev, soil that, not In cause-
csence of the high price of 'bread. but the amount
of Nigerian ? It was impossible fur the country to
retool in the price. hohire she war. It had been said
that ll* (thymus remedy was it/ lower the rents ; he
had northe good .forinsie to he a landholder, sod he
had nu interest hut that of the public su general
in view. The propnrtion of thin groat produce of
the land which now came to the landlord, however
it might he represented in money, was now much
les. thew it was in 1792. Previous to the war, in
a farm or modec.te. extent, the fernier cnnsidered
himself requited .1 he made three rent* ; but it fess
nec 00000 v now in such a farm to make tve rents, or
he wneld riot hr enabled to go nh ; of 'eels the whole
rental of the country were remitted, it woold be
iinposrableto retool' to the prices Isernre the war.
He was not afraid in declare, that the people of
this count.), must wet espect, he the law on the sub-
ject whet it awl, that with our bn.dens, the price
of bread can ever be less than double what it *es
before the war."

So spoke the Right Hon. Gentleman in the Ses-
sions of 1614 !!! And he spoke the obvious Dote.
I cannot believe that he or his collergoe• have
really altered their opinion : the circomstences to
which he alludes •re *till precisely the same the
simple truth ie, they were driven into Peel's Bed
by the Bul'lomat Whigs.; and now, rather their oc-
knowledge their year, thty predetermined to elhese
as through. if t'iey can. 1 see the diSeelt
sit a-
tien they are placed in, which is increased by the
power the Bulliontsts poems., through the eireobt-
Vnliet of • higher money price of commodities fol-
lowing upon a more abundant currency ; of the in-
popularity of which, these Balloonists constantly
avail themselves, thus's!), of course, sear, of its
fallacy.
It is believed, I know, by multitudes, that if a
higher price should exist open, from aluitrderie
came, the people et large would be sufferers : tllty
would be 20 undoubtedly, if, in the ordieen7 naps-
sianding of the word, it wee the con.equirieq of
scarcity ; but there are distinct causes of Mgh
prier, not only not producing Similar consequences.
but absolutely and nowt vely opposite conseglidnges
High price from scarcity of corn produces conse-
quences that must ever be considered among& the
most severe inflictions to which • people are sub-
ject. High price front abundance of menu' is
purely nominal; as if shillings were reined Men
from heaven, it would very soon require a grotec
number of them to purchase a lost of ben* and
the price would he high; or if sespences we pro-
claimed to he shillings, we should nbminally isay
as neatly shillings as we do now sixpences. Rot
from high price so caused, or rather low vales, of
money, no evil follow., no alteration of cerise
takes place in the relative proportioo or food, to the
number of mouthy there are In cotheime it. The
balk of the people must beet. saiiiitifiliasEd goon-
tity of money, before the tali% the
higher price, the demerit' of the opulent ditties
being too trifling, hardly indeed varying at
all. I have ofiru wished that some of thiese
persons, who keep up the fallacy respectiwg
• high money price, would tell me why the.
people should not be able to °Mawr so ample a
sbare of the larger (ramify of money a. or the
smaller ; this is the point, which, if truth were drew
object, they woul.l see they were bound to make
out, and for their own credit I earnestly invite them
for once, at least. Wily and calmly to make the
aritetnot. Now whets debts and oases are considered,
the advantage of a high money price becomes as
apparent as the destruetive cimarqriences of the
lover measure of value are now. I hate ended-
vowed to illustrate the extent of this mischief ..f
taking a lower measure than that irs tehsvh the metes
were 'unposed, in the tables annexed, as applicable
to the eiggreteate of nor public burdens. The rw_
met with 4th. for 1.., quarter of wheat, and ti,-
Imbourer with his se per week. must feel the •44•••••
lively toereased iT V or pacing the sumo W.,
ihrV did when the wheat produced so*„. stet
ii-
Id►nser !he. The former are indeed snikitig
it, and their lithunrers pereicepate, as of oevess.ity
they mini, in the dimes. of their employees. Ti,.
rilw •td toirrungs i n smug parts of Plglas:d, with
thr te.olollotiv tn. ftocirto-2 of farmers, published's..
the to wapapers. 'o[l4t the use of .thrashibg
machine% :ire prooti ?het the agricultural
labourers are reduced, in those districts at least, to
a •tste of seistilromery.
A further iedriou of taxes to the utmost prim-
lirahl. eafent Consider indi•peeisable ; but IA hold
it tint as a ffinelly for It.C. mischief of Peer, Bill is
to flatter :int' obeenefully to deceive the people.
('an any min fail weee that the internal ronittitice
of this country le carried on •Opon credit to !so ex-
tent tiiiiinown in any other ; that the amount of

AMIE

A. ...•

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private debts and money erigngr mini's, for lime, of
every varied deseriptiou, is incalculable? All which
would not be affected in the least degree by a re-
duction of tate. ; the 'debtors would not obtain a
shadow of justice or relief by it ; the °mucosity
who yet are clinging to the last twig would equally
become the victim of that iniquitous (nelson., and
have their whole property liken possession of by
'their creditors. Farmers are espeCially in a sitnation
to be thus cruelly sacrificed. There are a veil
many of them who have two great creditors; their
landlord must he looked open as one, a friend who
teat them hilt their gooney io stock their farm, the
other. Should the landlord be able sod willing to
Wax his donated, nobody dreams of the friend
Biting up any portion of hi., and the farmer's fate
leCornes evident at once.
11 is not, however, farmers only. who borrow to
`carry on their business; there is hardly a concern of
trade or manufacture, even the lowest, in which
,productive industry hi not set to work ill part by
borrowed capital. and the industrious man subject
to ruin : andhere I request you to mark the differ.
ence between lowering the 'value of money and
raising it. This is a point which 1 endeavoured
• articularly to 'press upon the attention of .the
;;louse, when I moved the inquiry into the effects
.of Peel's lull—it merits the tullest consideration,
and yet has hardly been attended to at all. The
clearest way to exelitsdlly. is to state a case owlet
each siinanou: Suppose a man with an income of
tntii hundred per annum, arising from the efforts of
irAltuitry in the production of any species of commo-
dities, and that a portion of his capital is borrowed.
-114 interest of which amounts to one bombed per
annum—raise the vilise,of money one half, his com-
modities can only return half their money price,
that is to say, one hundred pounds per annum, and
skis industrious man is obviously left wholly desk-
tine : but this is not all—the creditor receiving
. roily, it is true, the same nominal sum, unverthelees
nbtains that which enables him to posseschnuself of
twice the quantity of the industrious man% commo-
duties; in truth he seizes the whole property of his
debtor : new letter the value of money, and 'let us see
what folkws; the industrious man pays the debt
with half the quantity of his commodities, their
money .value being doubled, and his creditor re-
taining the same nominal sum, can only com-
mand lialf of them; this is horrid injustice: hut
the man is not MI destitute; he retains half his
income ; there is exactly the difference between
the half and the whole.; lie is not sward out
houseless and pennyless, in • condkion which
rivals the cruelty of the moat unciviltzed coals-
tries, where security of property is wholly un-
known : such flagrant acts of plunder form a part
of the evils attending that state of beggary, ruin,
and ultimate convulsion, which Hume and Locke
*scribe, as consequent upon raising the value of
money : if I did not tremble from the effect of
their prediction., as opposed to Hie authority of our
modern philosophers, the grievous effects already
experienced, would sulfice to convince me to whom
I ought to pay the greatest deference. As to cal-
culating the effects of raising or lowering the value
of money, without reference to debtors and credi-
jOrs, it would be absurd; because we know the
vist extent of public and prieste debts, and be-
cause all our national establishments, civil and mi-
litary, are charges upon national industry, sod, es
such, op as debts. The Monarch and the private
soldier, the First Lord of the Treasury and the
limed clerk in office, are alike in the predicament
of creditors; they suffered by lowering the value
pf money, but were not ruined; their suffering
was acknowledged end alleviated, if not removed ;

but thry are now, to clojurietion with public
sad private creditors, absorbing tbe entire fruits
. the industry of the country. Ministers boast
the undiminished receipts of the Exchequer—
Ohre receipts are extracted, chirfly, from the ca.
pralof the country—the Exchequer alone is paid
its demand.; the Exchequer is all powerful as re-
; neither mercy or compassion, delay or cow-
' prcifaise—it takes precedence of .11 claimants, and
prhuises, ere long, to take the whole ; every other
,pecprietor finds a distressing deficit. The more I re-
'fleet upon the state of this country, its immense
public debt and taxes, its unrivalled complication
elf
.prieute debts and engagement., the more 1 am
astonished.thot the ides' should ever have suggested
I.teor to the mind of any Statesmen, to raise the
value of the money in which they were crested ; the
ineasure certainly owes its origin, in chief, to men
who were gainer., or expectant gainers by it,
namely, Ministers receiving salaries from the pub-
lic, others who wish to be Ministers, and some
great monied proprietors were called in, who were
supposed to be specially qualified to advise upon
.such a subject. Difficult, however, as it is to ac-
count for such an extraordinary proceeding, I do
.not entertain a enspicion of any selfish motives on
the 'part of the Ministers or their rival.; and I try to
Believe the same of the great monied men; but
When I see public creditors and mortgagees swallow-
ing up the rents of the landowners. the profits of
the tenant, and the general 'limits of industry, it re-
quires the fullest effort of charity to believe they did
not intend it ; if we allow them to be holiest, they
must all of them be content to be regarded by
Ws sufferers, as extremely ignorant of the subject
they not only pretended fully to understand, but
exclusively to be the only competent dges of.
They told its at first that Mr. Peel's Bill would
only produce a difference of three or four per cent
in the money price of commodities; they have now
nearly admitted its operation to the extent of fifteen
of twenty, which of itself mull be allowed to be
proof sufficient of ignorance at all events : bat the
actual amount of degradation is in fact much o
fifty per cent: then twenty. We all know that the
alleged reason for whichit was door, was to indem-
nify the fundholder and money proprietor prior
to 1797 ; but, in order to do so, was it necessary
to make the public pay sixty millions of amival
taxes, in a currency of double value ? if it was,
the leaser injustice should have remained unee-
dressed, rather than indict that of so much greater
enormity ; but the proposed object is not even now
accomplished, nor can it by each means at all
events. We have only to reflect, that one half of
those very perjured persons haver in all probability.
long since purchased with their money, lands,
turiars. and stock in trade, and become, of course,
ke all other each proprietor., twined by the rely
vensere. said to be for their illness, benefit; be-
spies which, to atone for the ilijuotice done to one
set of persons under the .Act of 1797, by passing

the Act of 11319 to ruin snoilier set of persona. is
most moguls?. There is not a tnan of forty or Gee-
wnet.forty years of age, who by industry has acquit.-
eif lands, houses, or tenements. .or stork in trade,
who, as he must have gained them since 1797, is
not thus robbed ht• Peel's Bill ; and if he ad-
•anced in wealth will, the iots,attee of borrowed
capitol, is ruined. There is, in truth, another ge-
'newton grown up of that ci..ot of men, who may
justly be called the bees of the htve ; anti to treat
them in this manner is little short of insanity, as
'well as cruelty unexampled.

POKEIGN INTELLIGENCE.

'PARIS PAPERS.

PARIS, NOVEMBER 11.
11M Mems from Verona is still very contradictory.
However, as are are hound to give the truth above
all thing., we meat not conceal that the reports of
war acquire sore consistency every day. When
the fall of the funds took piece, an endeavour was
made to weaken these reports, bat the language
was not the less hostile. By a strange contradiction
Twain J.urnals have reproached the Constitution-
alists for announcing the war, while they have them-
selves maintained that it was indispensable.
We have nothing 'manias as to what 'Minn to
COMMOllleatt ; but as a multitude of interests and
speculations cieiwnd on the grand question at pre-
sent agitated, we must still say. that though we de-
sire wirh all our hearts to see peace, war appears
probable from the general opinion.
The funds fell again this day 50 sole, which sup.
parts our opinion that war is probable.
During the day more than 30 couriers f.,r affairs
of commerce have been sent off for England and
Hal land.—(Le Constitutional. /

The report ha• hewn circulated yesterday and to-
day that MM. de Vlllele, de Corbiere, and do Cler.
mont Torment., have teodered their resignation,
and that they are to be succeeded by MM. the
Duke de Levis, de Vaublanc, and de Libourdon-
naye. W are far from guaranteeing the truth of
these chstiges; it even appears to us little probable
that any change will take place in the Ministry be-
fore the result of the elections be known.—(( °airier
Francais.)
The following Stepp/rover to the Gazelle of Bar-
celona of Tuesday, October 29, contains the offici■l
details of the decisive advantages obtained by Ge-
neral Mina over the Baton D'Etolles

" Towards midnight, in the night of the 23d
instant, 400 of the factious, that is to say, the
greater part of the garrison of Castelfollit, taking
advantage of a heavy &bower of rain and a very
dark night, sallied out one by one in file by the
heights, in the rear of the exterior tower,
noting two of our sentinels, who were unable to
distinguish them on account of the noire of the
storm, and the profound darkness which prevailed,
and retiring before the alarm given by the third sen-
tinel could lead to their being stopped, as our troops
found themselves to the dangerous sitasuou of
flnng upon each other. In the inevitable confusion
which followed, it was found necessary to order a
cessation of the Bring. in order that our brave troops
should not perish by the hands of each other.
" But as the breach was practicable, and the
artillery of the insurgents dismounted, in the un-
certainty of their situation, orders were given to
carry the place by &mauls, and the principal fortress
and the other forts were taken without difficulty;
but only sixty men, some women and children, were
found. All these miserable wretches were subject-
ed to the rigorous laws of war, with the exception
of the women and children. The fugitives arrived
almost dead, seven hours afterwards, at Sanahya,
where they joined the main body of the insurgents.
" We obtained posseesion of a outsider:Ade
quantity of prolusions and ammunition, with nine
pieces of cannon of large and small calibre. All
were made to direct themselves upon Calaf and
Cersers.

The main body of the insurgents; commanded
by Erolles, Romani'los, Homagosa, and Minikes.
united themselves on the 35th in the environs of
Tors, with the design of attacking the small co-
lumn of Gunn, which occupied this point, and
which protected CasteVoila. The project of the
insurgents was to regain possession of Castelfollit,
and to maintain themselves there, in order to give
encouragement to their partisans ; or, if they
failed in that, to reconquer, at least, their artillery
and ammunition, of winch they were in gteat need.
General Mina, foreseeing their inteation, moved
from his head-quarters an the 26th, at five in the
morning, with ■ force of 2,300 men, and took a po-
sition in the environs of Casselfollit. The battalion
of Corunns sustained single-handed kr some time
the whole shock of the rebels, whose number might
amount to 5,000 men. Ou► General suede all
the efforts that a most experienced soldier could
make to engage the enemy in the position
which he occupied; bat finding all those efforts un-
availing, he decided upon attacking them upon
their own ground, notwithstanding it was very advan-
tageous, as they occupied a diagonal line, extend-
isig from Tore to Savorahuge. During two hours
a brisk fire was kept up on bath sides. It was
here, in fact, that the first pitched battle that was
fought in Catalonia took place. A short time after
noon the General prepared to attack them upon
their right flank with the bayonet, and the battle
became general and terr►ble. Some of their corps
resisted bravely for some time, but our manoeuvres
threw them at last into such frightful disorder, that
they were obliged to betake themselves to u shame-
ful flight.
" The cavalry of the column which attacked
them in Hook and decided the action, by making
the rebels believe that they were surrounded, made
• horrible carnage, and broke the itiO cuirasssers,
armed with the cuirasses and helmets, recently ex-
ported from France, and commended by Baron
d'Erolles in person. The Insurgents lost in this
battle many of their best soldiers, and what is still
more important, they lost a great deal of their con-
fidence and moral force, since they knew that they
have been beaten by a force one-third the number
of their own. Even then our reserve division had to
remain under arms simple spectators, and furious
riot to have any occasion to attack the enemy. Our
loss was very trifling, compared with that of the
rebels.

"General Mimi immediately gave* new direc-
tion to his columns. He is probably by this tiine
in full march iwen Bahguer. The' velour of our

officers nod 'lnherit was carriedlo s pitch‘ollaettiisils.
Almost all the Adjutants of the General are wound-
ed. ftattivne has returned to Mimeos, wad Pi-
quern will second the movements of the General.
Long lire the Cons►itution ! General Mina/ and the
brave troops who fought ander his orders !"

0

MADRID, OCTODtR 28.

The Municipality of Madrid has just decreed
the creation of n aew corps of national guard, which
will he compmed of boys from the age ef ten to
that of seventeen years, who, however, will slily be
admitted upon the consent of their parents. This
measure has for its object to fomilsorios youth,
horn their infancy, with constitutional ides%
During several day past, an extraordinary ac-
tivity has been remarked in the- ar Department,
and orders have .been Owen for ,the completion
of numerous articles. wltsuli the notiilery areinisserd
of, as well as fur purchases of heroes, supply of
clothing, &c. •'• •"

Very extensive moveMenti cistitioue to be made
amongst our troops; •t1,.0r
,nearly provin.
clad militia are on foot, and morels, as.well is the
troops of the line, towirds the .Freneti frontiers;
the'e only remains in the inrenor what its liodispen.
sable for the maintenance of pOblic motittilittY,
and even the g•rrisous_of the fort:times are reduced
to their minimum. •

(EXTRACT OF a pityJyrs LATTER.)
Yesterday "Lielitigant-General the Prince or
Ssato-filaurn,was 'put into prisms. During the first
week of July this versonsitte-did not quit the Pa-
lace 4 according to infoimatiors obtained by preli-
dtinary ineestig.ition; it• is affirmed that he was no-
minated Csptiiii Commandant-General of the
entire dirision'of the Royal Guard, in case the pro-
ject of destroying the con.titutional system should
succeed.

The Marquis de Cans Sari% has fled to Gibral-
tar : o►ders had .already been *given for his t.
.The Duke de L'lnfantAndo has also escaped from
Coruna*. and has embarked f r Etighood.
The Cortes yesterday granted •Ooeeroteent the
atom it bed required for the augrtientation of the
array. Immediately afterwards extraordicary cou-
rier* were dispatched to the provinces with the ne-
cessary orders aud instruction* to hasten all the pre-
parationa uf thisg4at operation, so that it is thought
that ere the lapse of three months we shall be able
to place on foot au army of 60,600 men.
Our paper money feels the effect of tee rise of
our ci edit in foreign markets. The vales hare ex-
periesiced a rise.

BAYONNE, NOVEMBER 5.

The g:h regiment of light infantry has marched
for St. Jean de Luz, arid the first battalion of the
41st regiment or the line has arrived. The second
hatialion of this corps is to proceed to St. Jeati-Pied-
de-Port and NAvarreins. Several superior officers.
arid a new Colonel, for the 39!h regiment, have
passed through here. Ortieral Querns& arrived
here lost night. in company with some Spanish
officers, and proceeded immediately to the house of
L:eut.-Genertil Count Charter
(Quutidienne.)
CONSTANTINOPLIE, ocrosse 10.
The regulations with regard to gold and elver
still continue, and have caused an almost total step
nation of commerce. The Jauisssries threatened to
revolt on the 7th, and they are not yet fully ap-
peased. They ■re in the greatest rage against
HAI.ET EFFENDI, to whom they attribute the re-
cent measures. Their Aga has been removed, trans.
gisillity is established in appearance. but scenes of
thew' hailer are feared the first p.y diy, the 19th or
20th of October.

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