The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1804-08-04 00:00:00

FROM TN/ MONITEUR.

Circumstantial Account of the 11.. temper which raged in Antic-
tuna in 1400 (Bth and 9th year) of the French Republic),
conta' ' 4a detail of the progress and operation• of the Phy-
sicians Co niniaiioritd to ga into Spain for that p imse
th. Frencn Liorerunient ; as also various observations on the
nature of the Yellow Fever, and those methods of treat-
ment w►rich have been adopted at most eligible and twit
strongly recommended &giant this disorder; and on the
danger moo*. len probable of its introduction and esta-
blishment in 1. mope. By J N. Strike, Professor of me
Medical former;' Vice President of
the Medical .f that city ; of the See., ty
of Agnctii ~,,,,, in the department of llliralt ; of the Roy ri
Medical College and Royal Academy of Nladrid ; Honorary
Member of the Medical Society of Emulation at Paris, and
the Society for Medical Practice at Barcelona.

The Yellow Fever of America, to which they
have given so many names, more or less applicable,
is it of is it not contagious ? This is a question which
has been deliberately agitated and decided in so
many contrary weys, even by men of understanding,
who have had opportunities of observing it accu-
rately, particularly during the last fifty years, that
it has been impossible to reconcile their opinions.
To answer in the affirmative a question of this
importance, would be to alarm the people and the
(I:rvernment. The negative would but lull them
jinn a fatal security ; and to doubt would not be to
remedy these iaeonvenicncies, as it would give birth
to tatile :11.:aries, indeterminable di•putcs, and va-
riable and arbitrary measures. Before we give an

account of the opposite openiges contained in those
we u %s already publisiaed on the subjeCt, we will re-
ti ace tie principles and decisions from whence they
are erreet, that we mayobtain progressively the sobs•
tiou of that problem in which we are now employed.
The word contagion, when applied to a distemper,
signifies the propagation of the infetion of the dis-
order by contaft may be immediate or intermediate.
The first may arise from individuals touching etch
other on any part of the surface of the body, or it
may be confined to certein limits, as the lips, the
nostrils, ulcerated spots. &c. In fa& we know
that infe'lion is communicable all over the skin, and
may be taken by any one touching a naked part, or
by an irruption. The intermediate contaCt operates
by means of some intervening circumstances, such
as communicating with something previously in-
feCted, as the furniture, the bed, else clothes of the
person distempered, Or by those who, having coin-
muiticated with a disordered person, approach or
touch those who are in health. In either cases the
contan is intermediate. Breathing the air charged
with contagious vapours may be applied indirfer.
ently to either heads, according to the opinions we
can form at the influence of the air in certain con-
tagious circumstances.
We will first give an idea of the natnre of dif-
ferent iuteCtions, and the manner and subtilty of
thejr anion. Those vapours rime eminently con-
tagious, appear to originate trona the h:at of vege-
table or :mime' substances, in a yaw of piitrefaißion,
which, arisieg in gas, fastens on men and animals,
and is, perhaps, inhaled by respiration, or absorbed
by the pores of the skin. This twat may find a
source in .a marsh, a city, a lu use, a ship, &c.
Other vapours, which may more properly be called
fixed, are concentrated in living bodies, or in cer-
tain parts of them, such as scabs, &c. These two
kinds of virulent contagion may have more or less
malignity, according to the causes from which they
arise, or to those which favour its progress. Het it
is peculiarly important to observe bete, that this
malignity, or rather its etTeets, origirate entirely in
the state of the persons who find them.elves aflcll:d
by it; far as the substance which yields nourish-
ment to one class cf animals, is often injurious to
another, in the same manner does the same inteni
dreadfully pervade same, whilst its anion is write
er miserably felt by others. For instance, the small
pox w 'I :oe communicated by the same persons to
many individuals, and at but slightly on some, and
with v.elence on others.

Who can say then, how far the age, the se:, or
.heconstittrion of the subject may cause a variety iq
the operation of a i ifectiun, whatsoever it may be t
and it is certain ti.at a pestilential contagion is nei-
ther agray.tted r .oftened hs the tempera.ure of
the atmosphere, 61' t>y the manner of life of tlao,att
indivitigai, whom it acka„, and we sissy OW D. .1)h -
serve, Ttat the viol •of infeCtion operates
ferently on different cui.s itutions, as som will brave
with im:anity those di-, ova, which to o.hers prove '
mortal.

These preliminary idea, will assist us in under-
standing, and, perhaps, ag, eing with these auto.irs
who have treated of the yel:•Jw fever cr America, of
the Eastern plague, and of the distemper of Caoiz.
We shall begin with that work of which we have
announced the title.

A cruel epidemic disease, which has ravaged
Cadiz and Andelusia, during the oth and 9th years
of the Republic, threatened our departments. ihe
Spanish Council of Headth consulted the school of
Montpellier on the means of preventing its progress,
and the First Magistrate of the Ripublic or iered,
that the school should be invited to rhuse from
amongst themselves two Commissioners to take
cognisance of the cause, and to give to the Spaiiish
Government their advice on the nature of this com-
plaint, and to send an acco..nt to the overseers of
those French departments bordering on Spain.
The professors appointed by the school were La-
fabric, Berthe and Broussonnet, who, accompanied
by two physicians, associates and interpreters, left
Montpellier the 4th Frimaire, and arrived the
15th at Barcelona, where they were to receive flows
Lucien Bonap.irte, then ambassador from Cie Re-
public at the Coort of Madrid, their instructions re-
lative to the di,Eculties they eypeCted from their
j nirney, the bands of troops stationed to irter:ept
ail communication with thole plates in which the
distemper yet raged. They then took the rout thro'
Cordoua, Carlota, and Eccija, for Seville, which
place they entered about the middle of Pluvinse, in
the year nine. The scourge had teased there en-
tirely, and the Commissioners could only colic.% af-
Aiding details of the miseries of which thii city had
been the theatre. They then employed themselves
in purifying the churches, the burying-places, the
hospitals, and the wool destined for France, and in
setting on foot the necessary measure. to prevent
the return of the disorder, which might reasonably
be feared with the return of the bea: already sen-
sibly felt in Seville. From thence they went by
water, after visiting die coast and ports in their way
to Cadiz, in which place the people were only re-
covering. They there remained one month, during
which time they saw no reasonable apprehensions
for future tears.
Although the Commissioners had sot reached any
of these places in time to make their own observa.-
'ions. and, in this respell, their commission lost
much of its utility ; yet they were enabled to ac-
complish the end they aimed at, and, both to the
French and Spanish Government, threw great lights
on the nature of the fever, which was near depopu-
lating the principal cities of Cadiz, Seyiiie, an i He-
let, on the means of lessening the raves: s. and en-
tirely preserving them from returning attacks. The
fever had, it is true, disappeared ; but the Commis-
sioners could easily seize sufficient traces limn tl:e
Medical Men there, from those persons who had
the care of the public health, and a crowd of ocu-
lar demonstration. to learn exaCtly the cireumstaixes
relative to its introduaion, progress, and ail its
frightful consequences.

(1%, be coiolorA )

I

'
::•••

STATE PAPERS.

'LOUIS TCLA. THE KING OF PRUSSIA, AND

buNAPARTE.

Fri.lay, the 23th of February, 1803, the king
was inforMed by M. the Abbe Edgeworth, that M.
'the President de Meyer, who arrived from Berlin,
'ivasicharged with a mission to him upon the part
of His Majesty the King of Prussia. The objet of
this missicn was to obtain the renunciation, full
and entire, of the whole house of Boerbon to the
throne of Ftance, as also to all the dominions
which they had possessed. As the price of this
sacrifice, Bonaparte would secure to them indemni-
ties, and even a brilliant state of life—(eristrare).
Saturday morning, the 26th, tie King received

M. the President de Meyer. After the assurances
of tender interest, which His Prussian Majesty felt
for M. the Count de Lisle and his family, M. the
President explained th• subjea of his mission. "He

observed that Bonaparte had hot overturned the
throne of France; that he had had no part in the
horrors of the revolution ; that he had put an end
to it; he expatiated upon the good he had done for
France, and even for al Europe.
4, He said, that the revolution was consolidated
mare by faaiens Within, than by war without. All
reailion was impossible, because a want of repose
is wanted every where : every where are &It in-
terests created by it, and incompatible with the re-
turn to the ancient order of things : religion has
consecrated the new; the Sovereigns of Europe
have acknowledged it ; a political system, common
to all nations, is established upon this case, and the
Rings will maintain it from conscience, from duty,
front interest.

M The consequence was, that the House of Bour-
bon remained without support, and without means
of existence for the future ; because the favours
which they have received from Russia may at least
'fail the children and successors ofthe Count de Lisle;
that in a few years Bonaparte would no longer'find
an advantage to set a value upon the resignation ;
that it would be mare wite to take advantage of the
present moment, seeing their rights were not yet
proscribed to act honourably, usefully, and securely.

" Usefully, because the first benefit to the family
of Bourbons would be a brilliant state (sort). Se-
curely, because Prussia, Russia, and the other Pow.
ers of Euntre Would guarantee the treaty. Ho-
nourably, because that family would consolidate the
repose of France, and of all Europe by its si.
crifices.

"If the most touching ability and interest could
have prevailed over the honour, over the duty,
over the sentiments, which he preserved for his coun•
try, the King would have been shaken. Without
stopping to discuss the motives which were present-
ed to him, and which established his rights far from
weakening them, as such a step revived his hopes,
far from destroying them ; His Majesty answers :I

" I do not confound Muinicut Soneparte with these who
have preceded him. I esteem his valour, his military talents.
I give him credit for several acts of his administration, fur the
good they have done to my people will be always deli to me
Eat he deceives himself, (If he thinks to iodise, me to abenaen
my rights. Far from it, he would establish them him-
self, if they could lie quiesampeed, by the say which he has now
taken. I know nut the intentions of Gad respecting my fa-
mily and myself; but I know the obligatient which he has
imposed open me, by the rank in which he has ',leased that I
elundil be born. A Christen, I shall discharge these obligations
until my last sigh The descendant of St. Louis, I shall learn
hum his example to respect myself even in irons ; the sec
caw of Francis the First, I with at least to be aWe to say like
" R e Asa tat 411, except hanisr• ."

Monday, the 23th, the King sent to Mr. the
President, De Meyer, this answer in writing, sanc-
tioned with the adhesion of His Royal Highness the
Duke of Angooleme, in these terms ;

" With the permission of the King, me uncle, I adhere
with heart and soul to the contents of this note.

(Sego d) " LOUIS ANTOINE."
And a letter for Hi, Majesty the King of Prucsia.
cf which the copy follow..

.4 HisS Ant) C11111!TIA1 MA /TIITT,

" I have thought it my dutvto gore, in writing, my answer
to the offers which it ha. pl. aso•1 your Maiiity to snake to me,
and! request Pd. the Preu•kat De Meyer, to transmit it to you.
But I cannot avoid to att4 to it this letter, in the brit place, to
thank you for the full expressions of friendship for we, which
you have ordered M. be Meyer to use is the discharge of los
Seeondly, Tn depos.t in the bosom of your Majesty
some re Section:, which I did no: think proper to *ire in my

answer."

• Not only would the resent nip of M. Bensparte ertabliah
ley nets, if it were necessary, but it farther reveals his
apprabons.xis, and 1 oungmtetate them in
to august hands. I knew all that ads annum that ti toLirt t.r.av
of this aelinonkvlgnttott, but I wooed rubric mainteiis siiense,
If I were nut compelled to brzsk it. Thos is a respect tr hieh I
think I we to a generous Sovereign, who pante LW? an ~t'.urn
In h.s .taws. The g, nit et:ed of your Mijegg u tee well lumen
fere c not to ditrilos.h its th,oghet stagrares which its it.
Lerwou appear to 'Lai& t.

" Amp, to iocit their tuhleets the konors of trar, love

• This answer wu published in Tms Bs I /UM Parts of the
4i.;111 I,ly, 18U9; but we republish it, conec;ring it to b.
micira', to a (Isar and complete section' of t...s salinttatit
tairllthon

THE BRITISII PRESS

LON I )ON,
SATURDAY, Avousr 4.

Last year a proposition was made, through the me-
dium of the King of PRUSSIA, to His Majesty Louis
XVIII. to renounce his rights to the Throne of
France in favour of BONAPAIITII. Upon that oc-
casion his Royal Highness Mottsicoa, brother to
the KING of France and Navatre, published and
distributed among the Emigrant Nobility and
Clergy, and several Members of the Diplomatic
Corps, a declaration. stating the offer made to
Loots the XVIII. His Majesty's digaiied refusal,
and the adhesion of the several branches of the
Bootsoss family to that determination. That state-
ment appeared in our paper of the 2.ith of July in
last year ; but, in common with our contempora-
ries, and the public at large, we knew only i part of
that interesting truussaaion. With the reasons urged
by the Prussian Agent, the President Dc Mee-
itt, in support of the proposition, and the noble
and generous letter of the King of FRANCE,
to the King of PRUSSIA, which we this day lay be.
fore our readers, we were then usacquainted. These
important documents might perhaps have been
buried in he state secrets of Cabinets, and in their
archives, t.ad not our naive, loyal. striftespeetable
CorreNvondent at Berrie, favoured us with the copy,
which we now insert. p:rselves for its
authenticity; and that it is the care that has been
transmitted to the Courts of Vienna, St. Pe.ers-
burgh, London, Madrid, Naples, and Stockholm.
When we recollett that the proposition thus refused,
was .repeated with threats and menaces ; when we
recolle& the foul murder of the Duke of Leon& Eat,
and the speech addressed by the Prussian Minister,
at Paris. the Marquis Lecussurst, to BO!sAPAIII
upon his late assumption of the Imperial dignity, it
must be admitted, that there is too much reason to
fear, that the report mentioned in this paper, yester-
day, of the King of Num* having laid a re-
straint upon the person of the King of ks a *vice,
is but too probable. At the same time, however,
we repeat, that we do not pledge ourselves
for its authenticity. But far be it from us
to dwell upon these interesting state papers,
for the narrow and selfish purpose of justification,
or a vain display of superiot intelligence. Cold
most bel that heart, and dull that fancy, which a
perusal of these can inspire with any other senti-
ment than that of sarrnw and admiration. Sor-
row for the cruel rutierings of so good a Prince,
and admiration of the constancy, the dignity, and
piety, with which he bears them. Yes, we may be
allowed so feel another sentiment, we may be al-
lowed to pity the cold and selfish policy of the King
of PaUSII e, who could thus insult vittue indistress,
that short-sighted pol;cy, which claes not see that
the sanclion of a legitimate Prince, given to the
Usurper, is more fatal to royalty than all the so-

phistry and Ntschiavelism of French regicides, the
submission of French slaves, or the victories of French
rebels. But let not Lot. is the XVIII. repine at
his fate. Thest. papers place hum upon an emi-
nence which no murderer, despoiler, or usurper can
ever reach. He may say to BOMA IP•ItTE, no suf-
ferings ran
Eatimpisis Nnietty, »far that orr;;h:
" Muni herr to cm• ra are N ab..te thee."

Th.' Bourbons have proved tbema.o.ves great upon
a eirune ; but they have proved themselves still
greater in misit;rtune.

Le:::ers from our crui.r., eJa" °steak!, say, that
the ..f.ara mentioned ir. our parer of 'LlursJay,
%%Lich took place on br..ween 10,Tio of the
enemy's troops, near that town, was in BON A-
PA P.IL'S pretence, and VC.3 performed by picked
rien of bis Cerra th:p has been

Spoken with, The master of which declares, that his
revolutionary tvlsassry was so well satisged with
their behaviour, that he made several officers mem-
bers of the Legion of Honour, and distributed arms
of honour among the men. During this sham fight,
Bo?: A rmurt gave the word of command on shore
himself, and ssas attended by the principal Generals
of his army on the coast. He intended to remain at
Ostend forty-eight hours more, and it was styposed
that the different divisions of the troops, encamped
in its neighbourhood, would successively go through
the same exercise. Several accidents happened, by
the bursting of two guns, and near 100 men were,
in the evening, sent to the hospital, being ill from
remaining so long in the water. It was expe&ed
many more would feel the same complaint, from
the same cause. The soldiers in the water were
commanded by General Onninor, who felt him-
self so ill, as to be unable to attend BONA P A RTE to
the play in the evening.

A Lisbon Mail arrived yesterday, brought to Fal-
mouth by the Wailioghans Packet in elevrn days.
By it we have received letters from Gibraltar, from
which it appears that no recent event of any import-
ance has taken place in that quarter. No account
of Lord NELSON'S fleet had been received there for
a considerable time.

The gallant Admiral CORNWALLIq left town on
Thursday night for Portsmouth, to hoist his flag on
the first line.ol-battle ship that will be ready to pro-
ceed off' Brest, not chusing to wait the repairs that
will be required for the rdlr de Paris. The late at-
tempt of GANTHEAUBIZ'S division to escape Brest,
will, no doubt, be followed by another.
Orden have been issued from the Admiralty, for
His Majesty's vessels stationed at the mouth of the
Thames, to be removed to Chatham, and the men
to be pet immediately on board ships destined for
more effettive service.

Letters received at Madrid, from Lord Netsom's
squadron, mention, that eight sail of the line, and
four frigates, stood out of Toulon, which were of-
fered battle by Lord Netsos with fire sail of the
line and two frigates ; but they thought proper to
decline it, and made the best of their way back into
Port. This is the affair on which the gasconading
letter of LA TOCCHE TIIVILLE appeared in the
Moniteur.

A letter, dated Hamburgh, the 27th ult. says—
" General BeargairorTs, Commander in Chief of the
French army in Hanover, is expelled this day or to-
morrow. Apartments have been already fitted up for
his reception. The purpose of his visit is to exhort
the means of recruiting the exhausted finances of the
new Emperor. BLRNADOTTe has just ordered the
Administrators of the different Bailiwicks in Hano-
ver to send in all the ready money in the public
chests, in order, as he pretends, to pay off the al-
rears clue to the French army."

It is said, that the Eipperor NAPOLEON intends
to appoint Members of I.he Legion of Honour, all
foreigners formerly in the French service, and who,
during the reign of Loris XVI. obtained the Cross
of St. Louis, or the order Nur le write nulitair,
given to Protestants.
In the Italian Republic, upwards of 200,000 per-
sons of both sexes have already been inoculated
with the cow-pox, and not one fatal accident has
occurred. The Cities of Bologna and Brescia have
presented to Dr. Sacco, a gold medal, for his en-
deavours to introduce this useful discovery.
The English Captain Ft teoERS is still detained in
Isle de France, as he had not on board his ship any
pass of proteftion from the French Admiralty,
during his voyage round the world. In his instruc-
tions, and in his journals, were, besides, found,
several observations made to explain the real situa-
tion of the straight of the Isle de France, &c.
Tile manoeuvres in the camp at Zeyst, in Hol-
land, only began with the
fire of the 14th of July.
This day was celebrated there with great pomp. In the
public orders it was said " th.tt the I Ith of .1 lily was
the day which began a revolution so advantageous
to France, and which, in the place of an hated dy-
nasty, brought the Imperial hereditary dignity into a
family, whose chief is the greatest man produced for
many centuries," dc.
The division of 11(4000 men, under the command
of General Rev NUR. are now embarked on board
the feet at Toulon, ready to put to sea with the
first favourable wind.

Dispatches were on Thursday received at the Ail-
rniralty from Lord KEITH, giving an account of the
failure of •a gallant attempt made by the boats of
the Leda frigate. to cut out one of the enem)'s
gun-vessels from Boulogne Roads. On Sunday
evening, Lieut. *LEAN, with two Midshipmen,
and about thirty seamen and marines, volunteered
their services .to go into the harbour, and cut out a
fine gun-hrig, which was moored not far distant from
our smsadron. The attack was commenced with cha-
raeteristic spirit, and our brave tars succeeded in the
first instance, after a smart confliel, in boat ding the
vessel, and cutting her a-Ariit. The flood tidc,l.low.
ever, running very strong, tlia gallant captors could
not ;ow out the prize, which unfortunately shifted
among the whole line of brigs that were moored in
the roads, where she was exposiid to the fire of seve-
r.d of them, and after a spirited resistance was re-taken
by the enemy. One of our boats effefted her escape.
with the lieutenant and 12 of the seamen on board, be-
sides two killed and two wounded. 'l•he other boat
WAS captured ; and we lament to find, that the two
midshipmen and 18 of their brave companions were
either killed or taken prisoners. The men missing, ex-
clusive of the Midshipmen, are, the Captait.'s Clerk,
t 'even Seamen, one Serjeant, one Corporal, and five
Dlr Foes. The loss on board the enemy's vessel is
supposed to amount to between fifty and sixty men
killed and wounded. The L,J., rettraed to the
Downs on Wednesday, and in the course of the at-
ternoon landed the wounded men at Deal, who were
immediately sent to the hospital.
The three Regiments of Royal East India Volun-
tee. s have been inspefted during thi, week, by
General Geosvi.sott, in the East India Company's
ield, near the City Road. The General expres,e3
himself highly pleased with the appearance and sal •
slier-like contbia of the Regiments, in perform:iig
their manoeuvres.