The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-09-03 00:00:00

THE UNITED STATES AND GEORGIA.

(From the Georgia Recordt►v frit, 141
The following letter from General (hints shows the result of
his conferences and the situation of affairs with the Creek In.

Head-quarters„ Eastern Department, blonticello (Ga.),
July 17, 11325-
Otwittwxww,—Eaptain Triplett will hand to you a ropy of
31ajor.Oeneral Gaines 's letter to Governor Troup of the 10th in-
stant, which the General requests you to insert in your paper.
The object of giving ru blicity to this letter, at thislime, is to
counteract rertain Isle snd infamous reports concerning the adjust-
ment of Indian difficulties, calculated to deceive the public, and
aggravate the misfortunes of these helpless and deluded beings,
who evince a disposition to re-unite their destiny, and to comply
with the wishes of the General Government.

Very respectfully your obedientserssots
E. U. W. BUTLER, Aide.dagamp.
1.•

Head-quarters, Eastern Department, Flitt River,
July 10, 11126.
81n,—The excessive heat of the weather, added to the many in.
conveniences ■nd interruptions which 1 have daily encountered in
the course of my visit Ito the Creek nation, has deprived me of the
pleasure of writing to your Excellency as often, or as fully, as
have been desirous of doing.
1 have now the honour, without entering into details that could
afford but little interest, to owimuuicate to you the result of my
conferences with the 'orbit's.

After meeting in this State the Chiefs of the Wlntosh party,
and at Broken Arrow those of the opposite party, and hearing their
respective statements, with the evidence for end against each party,
I have urged them to an adjustment of differences, to which they
have mutually assented.
The Ill'lntosh party demandedletaliation for their fallen chiefs,
with the immediate restoration of property taken or destroyed.
Their demands were founded on the Bth article of the Treaty of Fe-
bruary last, which promises on our part, protection to " the emi-
grating party" against the Whites and all others; which party
they (the followers of General 31•Intosh) assume themselves exclu-
sively to be.
Whether this provision of the Treaty was or was not intended to
protect the Creek Indians against themselves, or to protect a com-
paratively small party of them against the main body of the nation,
were questions which I was happily not called upon to decide ; as
in the event of hostilities having subsided. ry instructions simply
required me to make peace upon dust principles, and to require the
complainants, as well as the opposing party, to abstain from acts of
retaliation or violence. The reputed hostile party consists of all
the principal chiefs, and of nearly forty-nine fiftieths. of the whole
of the chiefs, head-men, and warriors of the nation, among whom
I recognized' many who were in our service during the late war,
and who, to my certain knowledge, have been for twenty years past
(and I think they have been at all times), as friendly to the United
States as any of our Indian neighbours could have been known
to be.

I met them at Broken Arrow, the usual place of holding the
Great Council of the Nation ; I could nut, therefore, but view this]
supposed hostile party as, in fact and in truth, the Creek national
and altogether free of the spirit of hostility ascribed to them. 1
have received from them, in Council assembled, the moat deliberate
assurance of their determination to be peaCeable and friendly to-
wards their absent pecple, as well as towards the United States.
They regretted the necessity which, they contend; existed for the
strong measures they adopted against General 51'Intosh and others,
who, they affirm, forfeited and lost their lives, by having violated
a well known law of the nation. They have engaged to restore all
property taken, and to pay for all that has been destroyed contrary
to law—and they have promised to allow a reasonable time for those
who have borrowed and run ow with money out of their national
treasury, to reimburse the same.
The Council strongly and unanimously objected to the late
Treaty, as the offspring of fraud, entered into contrary to the known
-law and determined will of the nation, anti by persons not autho-
rised to treat. They refused to receive any part of the considera-
tion money due under the Treaty, or to give any other evidence of
their acquiescence in it.
In conclusion' they expressed a hope that their white friends
would pity theirdeplorable condition, and would do them the jus-•
tice to reconsider, and •• undo that which had been wrongfully
dose." I have, pursuant to my instructions from the Department
of War, endeavoured to convince the Council, but without success,
of the fallacy of their objections to the Treaty, and to d!ssipate
their delusive hopes that it can ever be annulled. I have assured
them that, in all our treaties with the Powers of Europe, as well as
with near fifty Indian nations, there has not been one instance, to
my knowledge, of a treaty having been revoked or annulled, after
being duly ratified, except by the free consent of all the parties to
it, or by war.

I yesterday met in Council, near J. Marshall's ferry, the Chiefs
of the M•lntosh party. and communicated to them the proposition
of the Council at Broken Arrow, to which they have acceded. They
promised t o return to their homes as soon as they are advised of
the arrival of the United States' troops ordered from Louisicna and
Pensacola to the Creek Agency at Chattahoochy.
The Chiefs of both panics have distinctly and solemnly assured
me that they will remain at piece with each other t and that they
will in no case raise an arm against the citizens of the United
States. Under these circumstances, it is my duty to notify to your
Excellency, that there will be no occasion for calling into service'
any part of the militia or volunteers of the State over which you
preside.
The certificate, of which I enclose herewith a copy, marked A.
added to the declarations of the Chiefs in Council, of whom Joseph
Marshall was the principal and interpreter, prove that your Excel-
lency has been greatly deceived, in supposing the M'lntush party
ever consented to the survey of the ceded territory being commenced
before the time act forth in the Treaty for their removal. This fact
giving altogether a new aspect to the subject of the proposed sur-
vey of the land, added to a strong conviction, on m v mind, that the
attempt to make the surveys would be a positive violation of the
Treaty, and will, under existing causes ofexcitement, be certain to
produce acts of violence upon the persons or property of unoffend-.
ing Indians, who we are bound to protect, it becomes my duty to.
remonstrate against the surveys being commenced until the Indians
shall have retnoved agreeably to the Treaty. I. cannot doubt that
the facts disclosed by the accompanying certificste, with the con.
current testimony of the Chiefs in Council, will induce your Excel-
lency, without hesitation, to abandon the project of surveying the
land, before the month of September, 11i26.
This will be particularly gratifying to me, as it will relieve me
of the painful duty of acting not in cooncert with the venerated au-
thorities of an enlightened and patriotic member of the United
States, to whom I stand pledged by every principle of honour, and
under the solemnity of an oath, to serve them honestly and faith-
fully. (Signed) EDMUND P. GAINES.
Major-General Commanding.
A true Copy.—E. G. W. Butler, Aid-de-Camp.
To his Excellency G. M. Troup,
?Governor of Georgia.

We certify that we accompanied the exprets from GovernOd
Troup to General Al'lntosh, conveying the request that he would
allow the survey of the land acquired by the Treaty at the Indian
Spring to be immediately commove& Gessesal thilatomkrnAiel
that he could not grant ti.e request, but would call the Chiefs toge-
ther, and lay it before them, which was never done.
(Signed) WILLIAM EDWARDS,
Josgru MARSHALL.
At Portess' Upson Co. July 19, 1025.

I certify that this is a correct copy of the original certificate signed
in my presence, and now in my pm..es+ion.
E. G. W. BUTLER, Aid-de-Camp.

Florida, on its ccsaion to the United States. contained
scarcely 15,000 inhabitants. It is now said that it con-
'tains more than 50,000, and that it will be a candidate at
,the next Session of Congress, for admission into the Union,
las an Independent S:atc.

Ax fa 'CAN STATISTICS.—The whole number of people
in the United States, by the late census, i 5.9,629,000. Of
this number it is stated that 2,065,000 are engaged in
agriculture, 349.000 in ammtfactures, and 72,000 in com-
merce. Only the efficient or labouring persons in each
class appear to have been enumerated. Add the women,
the children, and the invalids, and then, will be found to
he about 8,000.000 in the agricultural class, Seoo,ooo
in the counnercial'and 1,300,000 in the a anufacturing.,
In England the agricultural class does not exceed one third
of the whole population. This one third is not only suf.:
ticient to produce bread stuffs and provisions enough for'
themselves and the other two-thirds, but also to produce
wool enough for all She extensive woollen factories in the
kingdom, with die exception of a small quantity of fine
quality. The wool produced amounts annually to twenty-
eight millions dollars in value. Four-fifths of our nation ,
are employed to produce the same effects that folio", from!
the labours of one-third of theirit!sh nation.—.4eteritan
I'aper.