The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1825-02-10 00:00:00

[From the Monitelir of Monday.—Non-Official Part.]

MADRID, JAN-. '25.
Spain enjoys the most perfect tranquillity. The Count d'En-
paFne. Captain-General of Arragon, having represented to the
.Kirg that several Generals and Officers had the audacity to wear in
public the insignia, crows, and uniforms. which they received
from the Revolutionary Government, his Majesty has just signed a
decree. which- forbid', every person any murk of distinction granted
by the Constitutionalists, because any thing that was done during
the revolution is happily destroyed.
All the Royal Family will go next month to Aranjues, with the
'rine@ and Princess of Sammy.
Very little is taid of the Loan at this moment ; the ratification

of theCoyornittee of the Shareholders in England is waited for.
The courier despatched from this City is allowed only twenty.
five days to go from Madrid to Londno and back again.
If we may believe Onions of credit liter; is nothing in the con-
ditions contrary to the firm resolution of our Monarch. never to re-
cognise, in any manner, or any tent% the Loans of the Re*olu.
. .
tionary Governments. •
[From the Journal des Delves of Monday.} • ..
biAaanur, JAN. 27.
The report which was in circulation concerning the approaching
publication of an amnesty, has entirely ceased; It is no longer
talked of, although the Government receives note upon note on
the necessity for its appearance. What I have often told you has
happened--namely, the Government not thinking itself strong
enough openly to attack the party opposed to the amnesty. is con-
tented with establishing a system of numieration that is tolerably
conciliating, and has changed coins authorities whose principles
might lie in opposition to this system.
Our Government. after great labour, have perfected a plan of
Representative Government, suited, it is said, to the state of
knowledge in the Peninsula, and to the extensive Aristocratical
elements which exist there. I can tell you nothing of my own
knowledge of the contents of this project, but once more I
assure you of its existence; and I can equally assure you copies of
it have been given to the French, Russian, Auc.zian,- and
Prussian Ministers, that they may transmit them to their re.
respective Courts, to be examined. I can add to what I have just
told you, that persons who are intimate with our Ministers, and
who are in the habit of reading their thoughts, pretend that the
new plan is nothing more than the renewal of a project of the
Antic Council, which was agitated six months ago, with, how-
ever,
a few insignificant modifications, which, in adding another
step to be gone through in the march of our political and admi-
nistrative affairs, will not materially alter the form of the Go-
vernment as it at present exists because the new body being only
composed of persons chosen by the Government itself, though
irremovable, the nation would not be in the least represented. If
these conjectures be well-founded, the Ministerial combination
would produce, at most, a well-regulated Council of State, which,
besides its ordimay sittings, would have ore appointed for legis-
lation.
PARIS, PER. 3.
The Speech of the King of England, on the opening of Parlia-
ment, is what it ought to be. It is astonishing that there are
Journals who endeavour to find in it what is not there, and tint
ether Journals [these are ministerial) should pretend to see nothing
in it, as if they to fact feared to find something. The Representative
Government is real in England, and the nation is a power. If the
Speech of the King of England can be attacked by the English as
being the work oithe Ministry, it is not unknown in the country,
that with respect to Europe, and in the forms of diplomacy, this
Speech is to be considered as being the expression of the King's:
thoughts. A double usage is established on this double truth.
The English have every facility of discussion on the Royal Speech,
and they are so weighed as never directly to commit the Royal
Speech with foreign governments. But as fast as foreign diplo.
macy demands explarations, the power of the nation is put forward;
and whilst notes and counter-notes are interchanged, the national
opinion is expressed with such strength, that the English sustains
the resistance which it had prepared, on the will of a people who
know their own interests, and which it would not be in the power
of Ministers to deceive, even if they should so intend, to endeavour
to lead them to other opinions. The real secret °fa Representative
Government consists, deprived of all faction, in always opposing
the strength of a whole nation to wishes, which, in Absolute
Governments, are only expressed by the Cabinet. Without doubt
the English diplomacy is strong in men and talents; but to know
all her power, her ',vitt d'appai must never be forgotten. A French
Minister may think that he has as great talents as 31r. Canning,
and not be deceived in that respect ; but if he enure the lista with
Mr. Canning, he will be under the inevitable disadvantage of only
looking in himself for his resources, against a man who knows
how to make use of the strength of a nation which possesses opi-
nions of ids own, and who arc not in want of any instigation to make
them known.
In England it is known that nothing can resist a nation truly
free, when it agrees with itself and with its King on the principles
of its prosperity, and on the means of maintaining it. Their
measures are taken accordingly.
The King's Speech at the opening of Parliament only opens the
scene. If it be true, as the Ministerial Journals say in France,
that the personal opinion of the Monarch, and of some Members
of the Cabinet, is not quite conformable to the last measures
adopted, the question will be agitated in the House, and the dif-
ferences will be effaced in conciliating each other; because the
great merit of a Representative Government is to produce unity
of opinion as a natural consequence of public deliberations. In
Absolute Governments, on the contrary, unity of opinion is often
deranged by weakness and intrigue, even after the proclamation of
the adopted measures. Certainly, it cannot be said that eb•iolute
power in Spain produces there unity of opinion.
The discussions in Parliament must then be waited for to appre-
ciate what ought to take place in England ; for there is nothing
tinny in that country till the nation has
.publicly pledged itself.
All that can be said of the King's Speech is, that it does not belie
any thing that has been done in the absence of the Houses, and
that is will not oppose any thing that remains to be done.
Here, we are willing that every thing should flow from the
Crown. In England it seems that the Crown sometimes avoids
using the initiative part which belongs to it. Each people has its
system ; the essential is to arrive at a conclusion with the institu-
tions, that it to say, with all the authority of one's country.

From the Courrier Francais of Monday.]
LISBON, Jax.

Nothing can at present be said of the cours;,;3iinistry---h;;Clly
formed, means to pursue; but it is to be hoped that it will be as
satisfactory as our intestine divisions, and the situation of our fi-
nances will permit. The acknowledgment of the independence of
Brazil is already spoken of ; it is a measure which would draw into
our coffers considerable sums. A decree of amnesty is also spoken
of, which will contain no exceptions, and will grant favour to poll.
viral opinions of all sorts. as baying been sent to the Royal print-
ing press, and that it is to be published all over the kingdom. In
short another decree is spoken of, whose object is to guarantee an
asylum to those Spaniards who are obliged to exile themselves
from their native country. If this news turns out to be correct, we
shall be obliged to the intercession of England for having become
indulgent one to another, and hospitable to our neighbours.

-

M Ann ID. JAN. 27.

Since the declaration of England, our hightlyen have cast aside
all their hopes on the Holy Alliance; they ;lettered themselves
with the hope of seeing all Europe in combustion to sustain the
rights of his Catholic lklajesty. But men of sense, who have not
nursed similar chimeras, hold quite a different language. They
look upon our possessions in the New World as lost for ever;
whilst, if Spain had been willing to treat with her mimics, she
might have obtained somewhat that would have diminish,st her
debt, and would, of consequence, have been placed in a much lees
difficult situation at present, and would have had less inquietude
for the future.
The acknowledgment of the empire of Brazil. to which Sub.
sera and Palniella were opposed, will naturally follow the fall of
the Portugune Ministry. It is added, that this acknowledgment
of Brazilian independence is prepared by a most artful train of
imlicy, in order to preserve the unity of the Colonies, some of
which endeavour to separate themselves, and erect independent
Republics : but this acknowledgment will not take place during
the life of the reigning King; because at his death his eldest son,
the Emperor of Brazil, will become legitimate heir to the throne.
It is added, that England will guarantee the integrity of the Bra-
zilian empire:
[From the Consfilitionnel of Monday.l
lassost. Jaw. 23.
It was on board the ship Ocean, where his iklajesty dined ytstee.
day, that the change of Ministry was decided upon, though the
dates of the Decrees of which I shall speak are of the 14th, Itith,
and 20th of this month.
1). I.uia Pereyra de Sousa 13aradas, Minister of Justice, and of
Ecclesiastical Affairs. will do what it is wished he should.
I). Araujo Correa de Lacerda, !kiloliter for the Home Depart.
menu, is a flexible man, but • good citizen, and incapable at
acting against the interests of his King and Country.
D. Antonio Mello. Minister of Finance, is a man of talent,
acive, and a zealous partisan of the Constitutional System, under
which he was employed.
Admiral Monieyro Torres, a man in Fetus, w ho served for a long
time in Brazil. devoted to the King and Constitution founded upon
reasonable grounds, but whose operations may not be above several
of our statesmen. He is named Minister of Marine and of Ultra-
Matine Affairs. '
Comte Francisco Reenacts, Minister of War, is possessed of

solid ihformatiJn, united in the highest degree with firnines and
independence. Ile U. the Canning of PertugaL lie was Mister
.during Cie ttonstitition of the Coles.
M. Sisvestri Pitiheiro-lerreyrs was Minister for Foregn Afairs
during the Constituuoual regime.
A decree is talked of, which rants a full and entire aninest for .
all political trespasses without reserve. Another decree has lade
a greater sensation, if it really be in the Royal press, as I an as-
sured it is; it signifies that the Portuguese nation grants an say.
turn to Spaniards, who should be persecuted in thear own cotatrg
for political opinions or offences.
Malmo, .1 Alf. 7.
The communication made by the English Chargé d'Affa:s to
our Court has occasioned the Councils of klinisteh, which slut
terminated by sending notes to the influential powers of the loly
Alliance, who. according to what was laid down at the Congers of
Verona, was to guarantee-to each Sovereign the integrity of his
possessions; but which ooly being sustained by very enerjetie
reasons, it is true. according to what is affirmed, will have noel=
result than that which etch Power shall have:propoied to itself ac-
cording to the interests which its policy may dictate to it to folow, •
without attending to the claims of the Spanish Government.
This state of things does not at all modify the dlsposition of
mind of our Ministers; they have decided on sending off two ex-
peditions. which are to set out from Ferrol and Cologne, the for-
mer for Vera Cruz, against Mexico, and the latter for the Pacific •
Ocean, in order to su'tain the part of Peru which we still &copy,
and to reconquer Colombia.
The difficulty of procuring the great financial resources which
will be necessary to defray the expenses of these two expeditions
does not stop them ; always reckoning on the estates of the clergy,
which they dare not k, they have just created a Junta, corn.
posed of Archbishops, s, and other ecclesiastical dignitaries,
who are at present in Mad 4,,in order to regulate the subsidies
%Ivo
which the clergy should grant for these expeditions, and on the
manner of &ducting those subsidies.