The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1824-08-26 00:00:00

HAMI3CROII PAPERS.

anilrargh Papers to the nth instant arrival yesterday.
The following arc extracts :
CHRTOTTANIA, Act:. 10.
Fire days before the close of the Stonhing (on the 4th), M.
Falbe, Councillor of State, delivered to it a very important message
from his Majesty, on the subject of the absolute Veto, which his
Majesty considers as so intimately connected with the stability and
equilibrium of a Ilepresettatire Government, that no objections,
founded on local circumstances, can weaken the farce of the princi.
pies and facts in its favour.
The Crown Prince, accompanied by the members of the Nor.
wegian Gores.= ent„ repaired yesterday in pro,N ssion to the Stortlt.
ing, to close the Session in person. Complinic, ling the Assembly
on the laudable spirit manifested in the dAtinvations. his Royal
i flightless regretted that the proposer, alteratl,as the Comstitu-
ti.m wi h respect to the Veto, &e. had not mat their approbation,
but hoped that the objections to the proposal would be removed by
explanations suisequctitly given. lie expressed his conviction that
the rejection of the measure had not aribcn from any spirit of op.
position, but from a fear of utakieg. prema:unly, changes in the
Constitution. . _ . -

The Princess Royal was prrent, as was also Sir Baojoatin
Bloomfield, and many other foreigners of tlistirction.
CorEwnAcrx, AUG. 14.
-

Our State Gazette contains the CANlVllerdal COlVtlitioll between
Great Britain and Denmark. concluded on the 14th of June, by
Count Mollie. our Ambassailm in London. andlr. Canning. by
which the ships of the two nations shall henceforth be treated on
the same footing in the ports of the two States respectively.
AUGUPT 7.
A Russian squadron. of two ships of the line and three hippies.
ender the command of Admiral Crows, passed this city on Satur-
day. sailing towards the south.
A Russian frigate, lately arrived hers from the Baltic, has sailed
to the nonh.

BreLiu. Arn.l7.
On Sunday last Princess Louisa Augusta Wilhelinina Amelia,
was betrothed at Ch:Jlottenburg, to Prince Frederick of the Ne-
therlands.

EXCHANGES.
Haim, won. Aro. !A.—London. 311 4; Two Mouths. 301 1.
ST. PITEIIIIII.IIIIH. Ave. 6.—London. ; Paris, We l,

FASIIIOA ABLE INTELLIGENCE.

Mr. Greenwood entertained the Ihsager Duchess of Rutland
and a select party at dinner rtsterilev. et ;Us riga. Old Brampton.
The Marquis 4,,taign'uy has lett town for his tether's (tte Duke
of Ratland's) seat. Cheveley Park. s'ionbridgeshire.
Logy Eleanor Lowther I:tii left town for the Earl of Lonulales
seat. Cotivemorr. Rutiar.dshire.

General Conran arrived yesterday at the British Hotel, Jermyti.
street, from Norfolk.
R. Kelvins Esq., left town yesterday for his seat in Ireland.
Mr. and Afri.. Ileasingberd arrived yesterday at Cook's Hotel,
Albemarle-street. from Paris.
Lewd George Leone: has left town for Susvex.
Lord and I.sdy Nugent have left Twickenham for their scat,
Utley', Bucks.
Captain and Mrs. Hall have left town for the Isle of Wight.
Arrivals at :.e London Hotel, Alhetuarle-strcet :—T. T. Drake,
Esq.. M.P., and 3lrs. Drake, from their seat. ditnersbun, Bucks ;
and Mr. and Mrs. Graham Bontine. fmm a tour.
Arrival at Thomm's Hotel, Berkeley-square :—Captain and
Mrs. Digby, front a tour. Departures—Lord Charles Fitzroy, for
his seat in Suffolk ; and Lady Ilarvty, Mrs. Paulson, and Miss
Caton. for Paris.

Ames' yesterday at the Clarendon Howl, Bond street :—Geo.
Pe:re. Esq.. (mu Lancashire. Departures—The Her. 111 r. Pep's,
Countess Lindley, and Lady Charlotte Barkler, for Paris ; and
Sir Tyrehit J 0111.211, Bart., for hi., seat, Stanley nail, Shropshire.

The Lord Chief Justice left us on Friday night to sleep
at Ashburton, and on Saturday Sir William Garrow ful-
-1 lowed to join him, and proceed together to dine with
the Earl of Morley the nest day at his beautiful
seat, Solemn, on their way to Plyinouth to visit the Break-
water, and other improvements which have of late render-
ed that town so much the resort of the fashionable. The
learned Judges will of course proceed forthwith to open
the Cornwall Commission this day.---On Fr:day their
Lordships dine with Sir. T. Acland, at Killerton, and cpen
at Wells on Saturday.—Exeter Paper.
M. Rottboll, Attorney-General Advocate in the Su-1
preme Court, and Councillor of State, who died lately,
very suddenly, has 1: ft SOO,OOO rix-dollars in silver, in
Told), money, the largeat fortune ever acquired by a
Danish advocate.

Lard and Lady Erskine and family leave Holmbrook for
the hospitable Mansion of Walter Burrell, Esq. 51.1'. 'West
Grinsted Park, on Saturday. where they will sojourn till
their departure from England.
Mr. Braham's benefit is fixed for Monday next. The
performance of the very popular and musical piece of
Der Frcisehutz will on that evening possess the attraction
of the original Gaspar, who played the piece in Germany,
when this opera was first produced, and when it ran fifty-
two nights successively inslitat musical country.
Senecas WELLS.-1V c looked in here on Monday
evening, and were much gratified to see every part of the
Theatre occupied, particularly the boxes, which were filled
with many persons of distinction ; and we were still more
pleasCd at finding it for the benefit of one of the oldest and
and most deserving favourites of the public, the reviver of
pantomime—Joe Grimaldi—whose exertions and extraor-
dinary powers have been so many years the general theme
of admiration and delight, and who has influenced the
risible faculties of his auditory more often, and with
greater success, than any other living artist. The new
piece, entitled The Fatal Island, and the Hair of Fen r,
was highly successful. It is exceedingly well got up. The
Pantomime followed, in which J. S. Grimaldi played the
(leen with a degree of excellence that in many parts re-
minded us of the wit and humour of his father. Barnes's
Paetaheon is decidedly the best on the stage. In a scene
selected for the purpose, Joe Grimaldi came forward to
give his favourite song, " Hot Codlings," which was the
principle novelty of the evening—not perhaps the song,
but the re-appearance of this cotnic actor, after his severe
indisposition.
enson CAIVILE.—The works at Windsor Castle, in
which his Majesty continues to take unabated interest,
have already pro ct Med far enough to develop the meta-
l:ll4y of this venerable structure for magnificent impruve-
meet. The arrangement of the ancient building has been
singularly, though fortuitously, adapted to the proposed
alterations; fur upon completing the new opening in a
direct line with the Long Vi alk, the grand entrance to the
interior of the Castle was found exactly to correspond with
the line of approach front Windsor Great Park. The
Lodge of our late venerable Monarch being now completely
removed, the workmen are employed in continuing a gra-
dual descent front the new entrance to the Long Walk ;
but it is with much regret we learn that the cupidity of
small proprietor prevents the immediate completion of this
splendid improvement. If we are rightly informed, the
price demanded for a small house and garden in the line of
approach, at present unoccupied, and of 'to personal con-1
venienee to the owner, whose name we avoid conintunicat-
ing, is five thousand pounds, while the real value, we are
assured, is from a thousand to fifteen hundred. The Com-
missioners arc said to have tendered two thousand five
hundred pounds for immediate possession, which offer has
been refused ; so the probable consequence will be, an un-
avoidable delay till Parliament shall have sanctioned the
refetence to a *Jury, who will assess a fair compensation.
One of the workmen at Windsor Castle, lately employed
in excavating in the Castle-yard, found a large gold ring,
which, front the inscriptions on it, proves to lie a ring be-
longing to lknry the Fourth.
Sr. Lucia's Dey.—Vestenlay being the Festival of St.
Louis, it was celebrated by the French in this metropolis.
At ten o'clock in the morning they assembled at the French
Ambasssador's Chapel, Little George-street, King-street,
Portman-equare, where High Niue was celebrated. The
chapel, with the addition cf some di:cora:lime for the cc-
aion, had a grand and solemn appearance. The service
commenced at eleven o'clock. High Maas was celebrated
by the Rev. Mr. Chene' the High Priest, assiset dby the
Rev. Mr. Larne, as Deacon, and the Rev. Mr. de la Porte,
as Sub Dean, and six fine boys, in white surplices and silk
sashes, as Alcolbes. The Priests were superbly dressed in
rich embroidered silk vestments; the altar was ornamented
with a profusion of cdorifcaous Cowers and lofty wax tapers :
the smell of the burning incense, the loud %%eel' of the or-
gan, and tile fine singing of the choir (which consisted
of route of the hen singers front 'the Italian Opera),
had a most powerful and enchanting effect on the audience.
The congregation was numerous and respectable, amongst
whom were their Excellencies the French, Spanish, sail
Portuguese Atubaesadors. The French Ambassador's suite
came in three carriages, with splendid state liveries. All
the French Nobles present wore splendid uniforms, or
court dresses, and were decorated with the stars tend crosses
of their different ranks. We also noticed several Noble-
men and Gentlemen, and a number of Ladies, of the Estab-
lished Church. The Peewit Ambassador afterwards gave
a sumptuous dinner at his house in Portland-place, in Ito-
hour of the day.
A Corn Exchange is about to be erected at Norwich,

ABSTRACT OF THE
EIGHTH REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS
FON INQt7IIIIIIO INTO TNT

COLLECTION AND MANAGENEN'
OT THZ
PUBLIC REVENUE ARISING IN IRELAND
TO THE LOADS OT THL TREASURE. '

The duties of Evcise in Ireland, except those charged wpm
rite, continue to be levied under the same laws as sten our se,,,`„l
Report was prevented to your Lordships. We then expressed
opinion, that the mode of collection under these laws was der,o
-
, and objectionable in many respects; an opinion which our why
quent eliminations have traded to confirm In addition toe;
information contained in the Appendix to the above-nica,ionw
Report. in which the practices pursued in Ireland and England
spictively, is fully explained and contrasted, we have received (tic:
the Conunissioners of t;xese in Ireland detailed etatements raw,
to the manner of charging the duties on licenses, leither. leper
and malt, and very recently on the
. rentatni9g Exciw tlette;
'in that part of the nited Kingdom ; auctions. tobsceo,
per hangings, glass bottles. mead, bonne-made wine, vinegar.
It was our intention to have expressed our opinion on theft*
of collecting each of these several duties in the same Report;
br
the late period at which we merged the last-mentioned meter:
and the time which is still requisite for the completion of oar
quirks, as to the dude; to which it refers, have determined us, amt;
a view to the convenience of the public. to call your Lon:Khios'
tendon to those laws, only having reference to the excise 4pkr
ment. which it appears to us essential to bring under the .nuncia;
consideration of the legislature.
The Lsws to which we refer are those which affect quit rents.ge
arid those under which the duties on leather, paper, paper banes
and malt, are collected._____ _

QUIT RENTS. &c.
The collect on of this revenue has been entrusted to the eseie
department t and as it imposes obstacles to the in:mediate r.ssundi.
thin of the duties of its officers, with those of Great Britain, udn
otherwise productive of much public inconvenience. it becomes dc.
sirable that early consideration should be given to the sukect.
Front the Finance .Iccounts, it appears that the asticant fix tle
last ten years has been as follows:

Vois ended sth Januari,
1811
1814
1814
11117
1813
18IV
1821 .
1,J22
1823

X 8.5.513 3 II
64 rod 5 114
64,244 2 DI
65.141 Ib r.
c 6.781 wn
00.213 :' 112
59.139 Ib 4.1
lii 4 ti
61.314 ;
63.058 '7

The reserved rents, on account of which the above man 'haw
been metre& are of various descriptions. Of these we shall gin
such a brief enumeration as may explain the peculiar chanties-en
which belong to the several kinds, and render our reanamendMc
on the subject sufficiently intelligible.
QUIT RENTS
're the rents reserved on the several grants made by ti:e Cron,
of the lands forfeited during the rebellion of 1641.
They are charged gt a certain amount
.per acre, which var!n
the several provinces, viz. t—ln Leinster it Is fixed at 3d. per Taw.
lish acre. statute measure; Munster. 21d.; Ulster, 2d.:
naught, lid. Thtir total annual amount rather exceMs
and has nut materially varied during the last century.
COMPOSITION RENTS

Arise on lar.ds inthe province of Connaught and county of Cr!
at the rate of los. for every quarter pert of a townland, and 2s. Gd.
for every centron, in lieu of ens, impresses. and quartering wk.:.
dins, to which these lands are subjected. The annual an:e.n.t of
I this composition is about 11,000/.
RENTS FOR PLUS ACRES
Arise on the lands, which, either by accident or want of infor..
ation, were not grantee! away after the rebellion of lasi.
In 17+13 those lands were confirmed to the pernms then in los.
session, on their paying the same quit rents u were payable for th:
lands previously granted by patent in the respective prosucts.
CRO‘VN RENTS
Are rents reserved on granting the demesne lands of the Crows,
and those of tin monasteries suppresses! in the tidos of lit, ty the
Eighth, dr. Under this head also are induskd certain rents re.
served front time to time. in dm p aDes granting fairs and nvo.
kets, ferries and fisheries. and the rents reserved on the grant of the
six escheated counties in Ulster, forfeited by the Earl of Tyrozit
rebellion. Their ant:nal amount is about 14.04.10!.
RENTS FOR UNDISPOSED LANDS
Arise on those lands, which, not being worth the full mud
quit rent, are granted out fur limited periods by the Lord Leine.
rant in Council, fur an rents that can be obtained for them, ande
the statute of ;ld Ann, c. 8..

In 13141, his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland appoi-a
ed Commissioners to inquire into the title, tenure, extent, and tisit
of all lands, houses. &c. held under the Cruwn in Ireland oa dem
minable leases. The Commissioners reported in detail on each
separate estate, and on the Lith of March. 1823. made a gr ml
Report on the sit b.;ect. which was presented to the House of tate.
mats on the 11th of April, 1823.
The annual value of the Crown lands, &e. in Ireland, b::,1 en
determinable leases, Is stated in the Report last wird...cid
to be--

I Present Rents. Recent Vale.
C. s. d.
Lands forfeited in 16 11 . - 456 6 1.9/3: 2 1
Ancient inheritance . . 23 0 0 3.as I
Lands forfeited in 1688 - • 1,273 0 10] 5,194 11
Port cora tythes . . . 53 010 647 I) 0
Per annum £ I Ai; 17 8 1 11.066 15
In the Appendix your Lordships will find a detailed accented
the arrears a these dit!erent rents, which are considered insedivz;
amounting to 38,5801.95. 11d. These arrears arise principally tlost
rectories, where the incumbents are deed, or have Inca renorol,
and from latvls, the situation of which cannot be ascertained riled
searching the public records, a proceeding, in consequences( the
tees required. very expensive.
The whole of the rents are, by the different paterts. made tin-
able half yearly, viz, at Easter and 311eltaelman ; and the teliu •-e
tea were, by the Act of 9 William 3, c. 31, required to be put
the same tine: viz.
On all rents fyom ss. to °os. N. W..
20s. to 51. . . . Is. I.
51. to 131.. . . . Is. t.
Above Ail.. . . Od.
These fees were formerly part of the perquisites of the cotatott
of Excise, until, on the increase of their salaries in the year 180,
they were directed to be brought to the credit of the Ci-own is ac
same manner as the King's rents.
Notwithstanding the total revenue arising from tlicee nets is
compsratively inconsiderable, the number of patents by which they
have been reserved is 11,243. (11* these 11,005 arc u::der rd
2.295 under ten shillings. It is es ident, also, that on every tlsioa
or subdivision of the lands described in each patent, the nan.b.l of
individuals front whom the Crown has to collect is increased: :•+e
number of small payments has, in consequence, become eve*:
ingly troublesome, as well to the collectors of excise as to the kit&
°veers. A class of persons called Quit Rent Drivers" are onus
employes! by the former to enforce the payment of even the eve.
rifting sums; distresses are also levied, and the legal and
expenses are frequently. excessive. It is not surprising. under thce
circumstances, that feelings of irritation should be excited bents
the collectors and the landowners, tending materially to impede the
due execution of the more important duties entrusted to flux ,e.
cars of the revenuc, and in other respects operating in a rocs pr•
judicial taattner.
Front the inquiries which we made in Ireland we hareawered
that the value of well.aecured ground-rents varies front 18 so
years' purchase, averaging about 2.0. As, however, the steep duty
is peevable on the instruments by which the sale of each !erg to
carried into effect, should your Lordships recommend to Parlisrlot
its repeal on the sale of the quit-rents, &c. and also abolish the fees
payable in the Vice-Treasurers office, we think that a seauxlull
higher rate of value tray possibly be obtained.

LEATHER.
In Ireland, tanners using bark are, by the Act 33 ceo. 3. e. Ifs.
liable toe yearly duty, at the rate of hl. fir every cubit foot of the
tan pits, tat by raid by twelve monthly instalments. This chute
is in lieu of the several charges which, by the Act 47 ay. 3. .1.
e. 18, were imposed titter by weight or by tale upon the drag°
denominations of leather.
Upon this charge, on the size of the pits, a deenetica tf two'
ninths is permitted, as being equal to the contents of ecru
called Latches. pep
It is to be observed, that when the duty on the pit was eciarwlll
adopted, It was intended to act as a check both upon the ctficts sad
the tanner, and was supposed to be equal, according to the stoic Of
tanning then in use, to the amount of the duty impose"
The number and size of the tan pits, however. wore rapid', 0;
mir.ished ; and, as the rfficers continued to rely on this mcaot
charge, a corresponding decrease necessarily took place is ll''
amount of the revenue. There is no reason to believe thzt melt
quantity of leather was consumed in Ireland, and it apneas I'e'
the revenue accounts that the proportion supplied from e ryat Fri.
min was not increased ; it is rot thereforeprnbable, that th: total
quantity manufactured suffered any diminution. By ge
ld use ci
rations. arid other ingredients mixed with the bark. aswt`
appl; ing the liquid in u heated state, the tanners credulity mho:-
twed a rapid for a slow process of tanning ; and in consequeno.
whatever may have been the case when the duty on the pit ass hot
enacted, it soon ceased to bear the due proportion to that which the
law imposed by weight. The tanners whom we evatir.ed wee eAI
1 at all agved as to the probable amount of the rate re pound "
which the lather was really subject by the present zhuga
Pit•
c" the
It has been asserted, that If the process of tanning with oz!. lark
be slowly and properly conducted, the leather is subject w a
nearly equal to that by law directed to be imposed by weg!'l:
With a view to ascertain the accuracy of this etatemcnt, se tr
strutted a taurveying-tleneral Examiner of the Englias 17 seise
measure the tan pits of two respectable tanners in Lltalarll•
the manufacture was properly conducted, to ascertain the ,'ety x-
the
paid by weight on the leather made, and to calculate what
that duty would have amounted to on each cubic font of the
In the tiro case It swats. that. after making due allow+ro'7
the difference in the rate of duty in ti:e two countries. the ref 3
tanner, if charged on the pit, would have paid 1•11. per cahie,
per annum, instead of 7d. at present payable is Ireland ar,J,tor.
second Ibtd.. or more than double the amount payable 'l.' 1r."14,,,,
From ems calculation it is es ident, that if the tennis
tarried on their business In the manner it is conducted in Lnglae'-
•
tint. would evade neaey a moiety of the t the het!
cow, and other meit.-4 of an:lasting

Ent
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that

into
(Ira,
cuts

oft!
10IW
pen
T.
rfri
pre
nbc

_ti
quasi

6111111
dle C
doh c
F
men,

at pre
Lathe

is an

'unto
will t:

Ivies
lISC3Ik
ney.
persot
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rnen c
Chief
other
Attorr
II? ash
The
backw.
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_
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that m
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confirm

Tut

pected
;pence
gtcher
my pn
non, ti

e—ift;t;:; where the as
uing :ll:nut:l:nee, ate r:. !IV. Doi
•:/a pap
•

"veil to, we think it probable the duty received is not unfr,ltiently
4:l3;itoshed to one-tittle of the amount imposed by 47 flex. 3. c. lit.
NI the witnese.v we examined concurred in •tsttpj that under
the oreurnstancus in which the tanners iti Ireland nrltplace.l, sad
vest- it has lwcome their interest to wave time T. than make
od loter. the business of tanning. wiMth wen at Anytime widely
4ilihate. has fallen into comparatively fee .ands, and has foe some
years pin been deelinivq.
limier these eitrunicatices, it cannot we think he doubled, that
there-sent mode of collecting the duty on leather, fails in three
nod essential points It depresses the mafflitietere, by iriuring,
w a TN, rrrat degree, the quality of the leather ; it tines not se.
rove, with nor tolerable scettraity, the annum of the ditty intended
wbe .r'° by law ; and it is so uncertain and irngolor, AA to
'Alder It lit 1/0.41b1Z.1114/11 the transport of lather between Great
Worn anti Ireland, to equalize the amount of the duties, so as to
pective traders or, a just and equitable footing.
One haltpenny per pound is now drawn back on tt exportation
of ikiti.h leather to Ireland, which is therefore ..o”ert. when it
toovutitimon in the latter country, ti a dire d one pe:u y
ie i,„„•-.4 Ail 41110Unt which mss possibly he are than the charge
to which tome Ind) leather la subject. but which is certainly nitre
than it ever paid on by far the greeter part: We are satinieti,
tlteeftee, that, whether we consider tile impeoremert of the mann.
tactic of leather, and consequently the adeentare of the consumer.
et Jae odirrtion at the ditty, or the trade in that eommoility be.
tires weat Britain and Ireland, it is expedient to abandon, iu the
lead Cl!,lotr the prment mode of levying the duty.
Ile elle:icing the duty in Ireland. at the same rate sin Great
htttini, Scate aware smile addition will he made to the amount
at 'new levied. In our opi.don. howeve.. Ireland will i!e more
duo corm...noted for this email *tiddlers! Mathew by • rest im.
prevenient in the quality of an article of such general use; by the
'acorn! facilities that will be Oen to small capitalists to enter
inte the 1-11te, ant be the fIATIIO7.I of all countervailing duty at:ol
&semi, an the !Lute het wevn the two countries. • n• swum parti.
cubit? desirable with respeet leather. which Menus a compunert
pert of wane manhfacturell articles, in aU of whit': any cxhiting
ditfereree of duty ought in &trams to be adjusted on import into
out country:
The wily important objection thsj occurs tows in the extension
af the Erglish system is. that the law in this country mini not at.
low the trade of tanner and currier to be carried net by the same
person: whilst in Ireland co such muhibitlon exists.
The immediate and forcible separation rf these trades, in that
part of the United Kingdom. without tines notice then ran now be
peal to the p.trties, would be productive of incomentieucet. and
probildel.we to persons at passant condainins the two trades, which
ft would be extremely desirable to zeoul.
I%e poker of tins separation id England appears to us very
trostiozable.

CoVN TY or DUBLIN Et CT lON.—A smart canvass
bas already eamtneneed for this county. Them will, we
understand, be several candidates at the next gi meal elec-
Mil. A cimsenstance which has not heretofore occurred
within our recollection is this, that the popular interest
will be Iliviiied. Colonel Talbot will certainly stand ;
Colonel White has already addressed the electors ; and the I
third candidate appears also on the independent intercst in
the Hon. air. Bribazon, son of the Earl of Meath. The
Earl of Meath, as one of the few resident Noblemen, has
very justly rendered himself portlier in the county. No
andidate is yet declared on that interest, which at our last
aunty election gave such efficient and active support to Sir
Compton I voinville. We understand, however, that if Sir
Compton lkomvillo should decline another contest, a new
candidate will Mart on the same side, but who will not
ORMIlit the same error as Sir Compton, in declining, at
die onset, to state that lie would support the et ummpa-
MA of the Catholics, if elected.—Thadis Alqrning Pest.
PINE N.en rs.—The rage for Filing line nature to all
PM things, and qualities, inn never more influential than
at present. All men are Gentlemen, and all women are
Ladies—a workmen is an " operative"—a boarding school
is .111 establishment"—a common farrier is a" veterinary
surzeen"—and, to crown the whole, a barber or a &idler
call tall you of his " professional avocations," and a boxer
Louts of his " science." Even the lan yen have not
iscapol the contagion. We rarely hear now of an Attor-
ivy. In all carts, even at the Police-offices, there are no
moms employed but—Solicitors. We ran perceive no
chants in this new title which renders it superior to the
aid legal name. But if there is any such superiority, the
ansilation is at all events improperly applied to Gentle-
men encimed in proceedinge at (Amnion Law. The Lord
Chief Justice took occasion to allude to this innovation the
other day at the Exeter Assizes, and refused to it an
Attorney in an action to be ?tyke! a Solicitor, justly re-
marking, that there was no reason why Gentlemen should
b.ooliamed of the title of Attorney.
'lhe principal tooled proprietors within the Hundred of
Wilford, BucLinglianishirc, have, in anise quence of the
tockwarthiese of the harvest, postponed the coon:lima.-
meat of the shooting season mail the 13th of Smtember.
Scaseivir or (Ism r..—'fliere was never known so few
young birds in this moth. Cpma farms of 300 acres, not
a ousts has been Ft en ; tut so great is the el.die.lency even
el' old birds, in litoinortion to the number left last year,
that many of them are Nuipoln-il to have been dtstroyed
upon the iit si' by the storm ; but this sumostion is not
confirmed by the discovery of tin• remains of those that are
supposed to have perished.—Cio hasped Chronicle.
The birth in this part of Lhe country, particularly on the
downs, are quite strong upon the wing, and tolerably nu-
mama ; we have not heard any coinidaiiits of • enmity
rink us ; iudrrd wr arc disposed to think (if we may judge
from the accounts already received from other quarmrs)that
ye have more than our stare ; but few or many. the pre-
vent unsettled state of the weather will materially impede
tee progress of the sportsmen, as it will be utterly impos-
elk to bring the harvest to a dote until the middle of
Septetnber.-11"csf Suxirx Actrertiser.
l'ttc/lAstns.-It'e lament that the flattering accounts
ithich we have been so eagerly on the look-out for have
sot yet et ached us; it is highly satisfactory to know, how-
over, that the fish are on the costa, asquantitics are taken
iv the driving-boats in every quarter.—lfindefre Ifvstern
isminarr•.

Tut. Ttit,Neirasour.—ln consequence of the unex-
Retell arrival of this awful visitor, at the cottage of Ur.
s?ticet. at I )(dismay, being announced in the papers, to-
gether with the courteous invitation to those whinge curio.
cry pnmipted the in to examine the Ivinlitous
pherome-
ate, the flolloway read has been much enlivened, still Mr.
Fpeacer's house 11l Set with equipages and visitors of every
kwrirtion. Elegant 1-viral's anti antiquated I>owagers
to.!liere sought an object for their morning drive ; several
Fellows of the Anthill:llion Society came to ascertain its
correct dimensions and gravity ; the Geological Society
tete not slow in their enquiries, and solicited specimens
Irr decomposition ; Plaudits innumerable strutted up to
110Loway to catch a glimpse of the dangerous monster ;
pmfessional and amateur, crowded to gain the
mrliest delineations for future natural histories ; while the
1741tproning remonstrances were addressed to the British
IlLteuni,lcst, through the apathy of the trustees some ins
Itfottlepusitory should gain the alio' prize. Air. Spencer
t‘seivoloisith unbounded good humour and philosophy,
butrevous inquiries of genius and idleness, and, kindIp -
"ItdoliThr, with his visitors upon thi it fruitless errand,
ustutd them that neither his domestics nor himself knew
mrouhe et ,hu alleged a:rival, inuelt less of the frolics
to the Rani thunderbolt. l'ltroughout the whole
""Deia this w•ltliv eentletmen has shown much goods
Leyal sympathy at the credulity of a British public.
L.(..itestre II I V DoNn-By—lty the death of the willow
at . late Mr. Richard Jones, of I)ursley, on the Ivtli in-
vitt, the fellownez h. (iin Snick of 9 per Cent. Con-
k, oiler his uia, arc become payable :
.„ oseteter r . r 7.5.1
tses nee nal
ri.*Krrt intltta Ihtrelry C .hurch - • . 4.t1
mum of church surd*) schede for Boys and
4,71. 4, Porde? - . (ain
"
Snri•ty at the Old Bell Inn, Pur.ley 2511
it,..7..„,""' Friendly bucirties. established fa Mr-
tac .

Soo

2,4010
Tlh Risks of
-the personal property, after payment of
71 had rapt noes, is given to the Gloucester
. T.
UhrPorate At'wmhly held on Thursday last at the
1/4111. Junes Hamm. E,q. was chosen Alderman for this Ito.
Memel, I year ; aril Siv T. 0. Bart. rag
lay' a 'r. 11. Ii• Likcv. Elmnflekl. P. J. Cage, and Thomas
Jualirea.—Tkornas Clay, Esq. was tuns&
•• /at ltectiyer nr the Corporation Enna, to Consetitarftat
'N. "'lndium: a liu!t. 3laulkin, nig. In the afternoon Jag*
Esq. idocriair the t'orporation, Clergy, profusion"
~..2sll. and ishves, to the number of nearly ;0, in a bunging's'
s:'''•
kaki and the utmost conviviality prenatal.— Baru
• ' a.li moon a notorious Chnfacter of the =The at
I".ther JwA Alsrsay, was brought frog Perth in a OM
r.,;77'es in nice gaol, on a charge of robbery. Ile made • dm.
r^lrly tacce•sful attempt to escape in t,,,nerrehai.
iakhad lamest bit launder the leather strap with which
..I""WerePecurtd, knocked down the driver. and bestowed,
0.1117•4,0 his thoe, a violent Mow on the lit.epct's foreheads
4, with the assistance of two or three gentien. secured
u.s,AL`; cliptain sir a pr. tended treenail patty, which did stort-_
iste.-4; n_tamois their furtive calling, ung the rut coast of
p. "'"lt he in
lie is also well known ab• Put.dee-l:tor.

ROMS CIRCUIT.

FrEERY ASSIZES, Uumnroae. TVISDAT, Ars. 24.

worths, weer. nas.rovray.
This was an action for slander. concerning tehe plaintiff in his!
et:inner of an attorney of the Court of liiog's peach. importing I
that he hail forged a will for the defendant's father, and heel there.'
by defrauded the defendant of property.
The deferrtiant p1e.1.111 the general name. not guilty.
3lr. (Warty (with whom was Mr. Platt) stated the plain- i
trtf case. and paid that his client was compelied to hring this ac.
non for the vioilic.atimt of his character, against one et the most
serious Marks that could he made upon the reputatiim of en
attorney. The dander complained of had !wen so Cliquently
retteraced. that. however disposed the !dahlia might hare been
to treat it with contempt, and stand upon the known inte-
grity of hit character. he at length had no alternative hot to
t lent his reputation before a Special Jury of the county.
Th.: plaintiff was a emyeetattle attorney, re.l.!4tg rat finttalmittg,:
Jews be (Me. Gurney) bait known personally, ha a period .41
twenty Tears, to be a man of unquestionable honour and integrity.
lie had been employed professionally by the defendant's father,
who was • small firmer. madding in the neighbourhood of that
tows; and among other polemslonal business, had made his will.l
The state of tint testater's family and property, having varied from
time to time. the pl.lintiff was called upon to alter the will to meet
these circumstance,. The Eat will made, was in the year 10%, by
which the testator equally divided his property among Its children,
four in number, ten. boys and two girls. For some reason or other
the defendant, who ea. not the eldest sun, took it into his head
that be ought to have rcorived a larger portion of his father's pro-
pen), and imagined that the last will and testament of his tithe:.
was not genuine, but hod been fabricated by the plaintiff. Under
this impression lie thought proper. on various occasions, to circulate
report that the phirtitr hail forged a will for his father for the
pnetiose of ilefrandiir him, the defendant. So serious en
Lion' could out but bare the most injurious tendency,
as it affected the plaintiff's character. for. notwithstanding
his known respectability and integrity among his inane.
dime friends rind connections, it could rot but iajute hint
in a point th..• most vital to the existslice of a prutessiunal
man. The plaimilf v.iw sought a recompense few this grievous ia.
jury. and he trusted that the slur) would mark their sense of the
tiefeadatit's amino by Visiting bun with exemplary ihamagi s. The i
defendant 11,e• freguetaly boasted that lie could pure the truth of
notwidastanding his bravadoes open this subject.
he bad tut dewed to put a just ideation upon the record. lie had'
sbirely dent.',! the sp,:akieg in the •mila alleged. and thcrethre all
that (Pe plaintiff had to do was to prove in evidence that the words
age spoken:. Probably, as sheothar side. it would be urged that
the defendant was a very poor man and wholly unable to pay mellitus
damages. Ile (Mt. O. however. believed that the defendants
ciretottetances were far front moderate; but assuming hint to be
pour. that Wa4 by nu means a legitimate topic to urge in answer to
the plaintitrs himeautte, if it Ir..re allowed, poverty would in
all cares lie a -eceipt for the must wick•,t and vindictive spirit to
'chewy unpimieheir. If the detensii. int could not pity in pocket he
must par in parson, and the &aim:Thad a right to expect at the
hands of the Jury, such an amount of damagen its would satisfy
the world of the haleness and malignity of the attack upon his re-
. . . • •

The following witnesses were eailed in support of the plaintiff".
CWIC :-.

Mr. Abhint, an attorney of New lan. proved the admission of
the phi= in' as an attorney of the King's 'tench.
ticorge Price produaed a will of the late 3h. Holloway, from
Doctors' Commons.

Mr. John ).each proved that ' e knew the plaintiff and his late
partner, Mr. Sttecter, who now fowled in America, and was ac-
quainted with the h;tisl-writing of both. TLe linnil. writings, as
witnesses to the will row produced of 12th October, ldeff, were
those of the plaintiff and his partner.
Mr. D. 6harpe, formerly articled clerk to the plaintiff; proud,
'he signature of the testator to the will in question.
Mr. Jehti (or, formerly clerk tc the plaintiff; proved that the
will now produced was prepared by witness in the plaintiff's office.
He produced the original draft. Witness received his instruction*
from the plaintiff Defendant's father was a client of the plaintiff.
Hoe seen drafts of other wills in the plaintiff's office, of islet dates;
to the one now produced.
The will wiss then put In and read. The testator described him.l
self as yeoman. aid appointed John Woods and Juhn Baxter his
executors, upon certain trusts thersin mentioned. He divided all
his property among all his children, share and share alike. He had
two noes and two daughters.
The Rev. tf. 11. (k):e. vicar and surrogate of the parish in
which the testator died. proved that in June 1816, the executors
produced the will to hint widi a view to probate. In Angie.. of!
List year, the defendant canie to whites*, sod requented him to pro-
cure a copy of his father's will for him, trim I/ex:tors' Commons.;
IS-Wiest, in pursuance of this request, wrote to Mr. Moore of!
Doctors' Commons. from whom he received an answer. Defendant
afterwanis called upon him. Witness elated that Mr. Moore had'.
replied that lie could seed a copy of the will, which had been
rroved before witness, but lie should wait tie further instructions,
thinking there was some mistake. The detindant said be Mil not
want the copy of that will, but of amither, which he supposed to
t Ash The defendant mid that Mr. %l'unsle• the plaintiff, had the.
lrauded him (or used words to that effect) by preventing the!
!rigid will front beieg sworn to. Four or live years previously, I
in 1817. the defendant caller! upon bunt (a few mouths after the ex-
ecutors lied appeared before MailleSa. and had sworn to the will)1
and caamplait.td of the executors. Ott the flat of February last,
witness met the defendant and the plaintiff by appointment, at
the house of Mr. l'irgott, in Guildbed. On that occasion the
conversation began by the plaintiff mirntioning the libellous tercets
which had been eirctilated by the tit tentlant. He said to the de-
(evident, ": I meleretand that you live reported that 1 was inetru-
mental in forging a will, and that I bait already defrauded you,"
or words to that effect. Ile immediately requested him to make
an apology, or he must otherwise vindicate his character by low,
but he was silting to forgive him, and •o take no further notice
of the 'dander, if the defendant would make a proper apology.
The defendant said. " that I have said, I will NUMIti to." Ile
afterwanls said, •• 'There were two wills Ina& by my fattier, and
the wrong will has been swum to." lie then mita the plamtitrand
the executors had kept back toe right one, and that they hail de.
!feuded him. %Vitness remonetrated with the defendant very
strongly, and requested hint more than once to make nn nrolouy to
the plaintiff, pointing out the conceiuernes if he did nut. but he
refused to do so. lie refused, as if be was obstinate in his deter-
mination.

Cross-examined--The tit fondant seemed on all occasions when
witness $3lll him, to be unilir a strung delusion that there was an.
otl•cr will. From his pertinacity upon this subject, the defendant
appeared always. in Wlthela.ll opinion. to be of weak mind. The
detendant near stated any ground for the assertion he had made
rtep.cting his father's will, except that his father toll him that he
might expect allure money. The defendant is a jobbing tailor in a
small war.

-ma* i'iggott, an auctioneer of Guildford, deposed that
on the 7111 F breary last, lie easy the defendant near Cie Court
House, in Cie town, about eleven or twelve o'clock. It was a
market day. Witness was going to speak to the plaintiff, who was
then on the other side of the street. Ain, speaking to the plaintiff
on his own business, the plaintiff said, " Do you know who that
little fellow is on the other side of the way ?" pointing to the
defendant. {fitness said, 6. Yes ; it is John Holloway." The
plaintiff then said, " I wish you would walk across the road with
me. to him, fly lie is always abusing me whenever we come toge-
thee." Witness went across with the plaintiff. and the latter
said to the defendant, " John, you are continually abusing me
whenever 1 pass up and down the town ; I wish you would
explain what you mean to Mr. Piggott." They then adjotimed
to the lied Lion Inn, in order to discuss the matter. It'itness
said to the defendant, " Now, John, what have you to say
respecting Mr. Woods ?" The defendant said, " Mr. V. has
made two wills for my father; the last will fel. 11118 my father
never Piped, and he has defrauded me out of my property."
The plaintiff then requested witness that he might base the 1.1%: of
his house for that day fottnight, the 21st, fur the porpoise of going
Into this business again, In order that Mr. Cole and Mr. Itaxter
might be present. The language above mentioned was repeated
mere than twice. The defendant addressed both plaintiff stud wit-
ness at diffirent times. Witneu understood the will of Ira
,tp
mean the last will proved. (In the 21st February the plaintifl; ex-
fcrulant. Mr. Cole. and Mr. Itaxter, met at witness's house, put.
ruant to appointment. The plaintiff then said to the defendant.
1" Now these gentlemen air met, explain yourself what you mean
by abusing me in the town whenever Tint inert me." The defend.
ant then nilibv.sed himself to the plaint:lr, and said, " Why. you
have made two wills fur my father, and the will for 11116 my father
never signed, and you here defrauded me out of nit property."
Witness remonstr.iteal with him, and the defendant gut very warm.
Witr.r.ss said to itim, " John, you hese received your legacy, and
you have signed a legacy receipt." lie dnui I it. The legacy re-
cep was shown to with his own signature, and witness said,'
•'s that your handwriting, Holloway ?" lle said it was. After
that the plaintiff proposed to give the defendant that afternoon to
route forward and apologise for the abuse, and said if be did so he
should think to more of it. The defendant took his hat in his
hard, and going out of doors, said lie would rut in gaol first. The
eterressions abovernentioned were tis.al trice, once to witness and
again to the plaintif
l'ens...exiimined—The defendant ts sensible enough. Witness
has not said, since the aspires comminicvd, that he would not be
ru:peoted to hear that the defeneant was fvueol at the bottom of the
river. The defendant is a talk r, and has a Lttle property. Hoes
not Lam, where he is now.

liecn;,.lCe.eper of the house of correction a. I;ttiLlforl, said
he has Ireeuently heard the defendant say, "111 r. Woods 'made a
forged will' of my father's, and has robbed rue of some of ms, pro-
, petty." Iles heard him say this many tinais within the Lust four
ix tire years.
Cross-examined—Witness has represented the defendant to be a
weak and obstinate man. Newer Lard the peinutfaay thut the
defendant was a madman. . . .

Mr. John Siurr, son-le•law cf the t .fates, proved that he at.
tended the funeral of the bitter, at which the ilifend..nt wu pre.
sent. The will was rend that day In the presence of the defendant,
and then he said he thought It was r.ot his father's a ill. Witness ,
asked him why be thought so. lk replied, that he thought it was !
not his father's will. becalm the sail of the envelope, in which tl.e
will was, was broken. The defendant had said he thought he.
should hare had 53t11. The property was diridol, share and share
'dike. amongst the testator's children.
Before theme fin the plaintiff wns eland, Mr. Buell flit all A SI
sui.;geszed, that possibly the plaintiff would, Under all the circuit.
statues, be satisfied with an apology.
Mr. Sergeant Tanne said, en Windt of his client, that he was
quite willing to niake a public atonement for the injury done to the
plaintiff's chara.itir ; lie (Mr. Sergeant T.) being quite satisfied
that there was rot the dishiest pretence for the imputation east
urn the rlaititith
Mr. ti u sr r said he drat t id the sincerity of the defendant's

contrition, because abundant opptxtunity tad been afforded him,
without avail, of retract* • . The apology of his Learned Friend
the Sergeant, would 'be insufficient. unless it was made manifest in
the result of the defendant's own sense of his miscoedur.

It v7its cratedll;;lthedetentlant was not in the town, and that no
ttrecu evold then be Lad to him.
Mr. Sere ellra TAIPPY then addressed the Jury on behalf of the
defendant, and submitted to them, that the discussion which this
case had undergone, must have ruby answered the purpose for
which the meths) was brought—namely, the complete vindication
of Mr. %Void's character. Iraletal the action soil unnceessary
for that purpose, because no man who knew that gentleman
could bare thought the worse or him, from any thing that
could be said of Imo by a ',triton of the defendant's humble con.
dition of life. The defendant cans a poor 4ounicytioko tailor,
and seemed, from the time of his father's death, to have laboured
under a strange delusion as to the disposition of his father's pro.
perty. It was !iiiite idle to suppose that the plaintiff's reputation
could be et all affected by the gossiping slander of the defendant,
who was admitted to be a risen) of wer.k imellect, and labouring
ur.drr an obstinate delusion of mind upon that paritcolar subject.
Assuming that the words were true, it was quite obvitata that the
plaintiff could litive on interest whatever in thedistribution of the
testator's pet-inert)... which appeared to have been most justly dia-
-1 tributed among el his children. The very gist of this action had
!completely failed in proof, inasmuch as the defendant did not ap.
pear to have acted from malicious motives; but if niulice had been
;roved. the slankir uttered by a person of his condition was
beneitl: the notice of • gentleman of the plaintiff 's respectability.
!Injury the plaintiff hail sustained none ; because it appeared that
fir the last nine 'nes this tinfortnnate man had been yeoman; the
very same winds w Aunt at all affecting the plaintiff's reputation,
and consequently. on the score of damage, the plaintiff' stood
before the Jury without any serious claim whatever. Heart
damages against this infatuated defendant could avail the plaintiff
nothing, anti would have the effect of casting the defendant into a
gaol for life.
. Mr. llaron ()lianas( told the Jury, that the plaintiff was
clearly entitled to their verdict. because it was quite ohviuus that
the defendant had been actuated by the most malignant motives
towards a gentleman of respectability and character. They had
been truly told by the plaintiff's Counsel, that character to an
attorney was life and soul to hint t for without it he amid not hold
up his h...ad in snciety, and niust be riffled in all his professional
iuniuits. The circumstances of the defendant ought certainly to
be taken into consideration in enlisting the damages, lest a ver.
diet to an intemperate amount ml leave the effect of minishing
hint beyond he scope of justice. Maticcer, it was for the Jury, in
the exercise of their gaol sense. to Pronounce such a verdict as
would repair the Jujus", to the pisintiff's character, without
overwhelming the defendant with the tinsequences of the action.
The Jury, after deliberating a few inutcs, found their verdict
for the plaintiff--Itainages, 101.
1

AVT.ONESHAT. A* IST 24.
• 0,1;,re Mr. Baron (iR•HASI and a Special Jury.
THI: KINO V. PIONTSOU AND OTHERS.
. . . .

This was an indictment against the defendants for a nitis.viee, in
breaking up a public higforay at the lalu of Grain, in the cuunty
of Kent.

The trial of this cause is expected to occupy two days, in conse-
gum _e of the Maltase number 'if witnesses to he examined on both
sides. The prosecutors are occupiers of lands in the No of Grain,
which is situated between the Thames and the Medway, opposite
bliccrness, in the county or Kent. The defendants are persons
who had acted in the maoner alleged, under the authority of the
Corporation of the City of Coulon, in rooming what they consider
an ohasruction to the navigation of the river Thames. The alleged
nuisance was in r:moring the %Mt which connected the isle of Grain
with the Main hind, for the Pu7pose of (tinning a communication
between the waters of the Medway and the Thames. On the part
of the persecution it waa all4tcd„ that the Spot in quettkm had been
• highway foim a perital beyolid the men:ory of man. w Mist, on the
part of defendants, tt -..as insisted, that the soil which they had re-
moved, had been iriaetil at the spot in question within living rue.
trove., and was originally no enemachtnent upon the uavigatiou of
the Thames.
At tire o'clock the prosecutor's caw was not closed, and it is ea.
peeled the trial will occupy at 'east the whole of to-morrow.
Ib7Pre Arr. Justice' Ituanoroit.
Mr. Justice lit•itnovoit having cleared the gaol. sat this
snorting to dispose of the following case in aid of Mr. Baron
Graham.

banana-la 14.1 11i1% V 1,1111111111.-‘111111.14
The birds in this part of the count
dowyis, are quite strung upon the wi
merous ; we have not heard any cm
with us; indeed we arc disporl to I
front the Recounts already received fr
we bare more than our share ; but f
sent unsetth d state of the weather
the progress of the sportsmen, as it
eihio to bring the harvest to a clot,
September.— 'Vest Sussex ittfrer liter
l'itca saus.-IVe Janata that I
which we have bee' so eagerly on
rot yet nacho! us; it is highly satis
iver. that the fibli arc on the coat, s
Is the driving-boats in every quarto
I..smitr,7.
Tile 'l' littNiir asos.Y.—ln comet
Peeled arrival of this awful visitor, I
s?eacet, at llolloway, being announi
tether with the courteous invitation I
Ety pons ,teed ti,. in to examine the
tun, the Ifolloway read has been into
Fpenores house beset with equipages
tlaciption. Elegant I-oral's and
(sr: here sought an object for their in
Fellows of the A iitiolust ian society
correct dimensions and gravity ; It
rut' hot slow in their enquiries, alli
ki IkrOMpflnit itill ; Plaudits imium.
IL:Stows, to catch a glimpse of thi
blislA, iworeisional sod amateur, r
otliest delineations for future natura
"4lt praising remonstianees were ado:
/111.1euni,lem, through the apathy of
krailepository should gain tlie aria
l‘veivol,vtith unbounded good bun
I,1"" bunlcsous in of genius ar
'Y roe doling with his visitors upon i
',sued thus that neither his dame
milllice uf the alleged arrival, nine
1 ,"'"ibtsi tu thy Rani thunderbolt. 'l'l
u'l'utlest, this w..rtliv gentlesnan ha
s • tat•tral sympathy at the credulity of
'
I.tiesirstit s Ibis ATIO N 111 .—lty t
Y of t,c Lilt Mr. Richard Jones, of 1)u
'l'm, the fullowitsz b. tint sts, in Sant'
f iLli • 1 • .
. • tallier his IS I: I. arc become paya'
t. I,nortster Intim • r
Rat Marital : i . •
if '
NKr* Pewit/ Ihirelor t'hurch -
rot
..urrm of num'. sulid,) Sclue
~ f;.th. 1,„„3„,
at - -
TeL'e /lima!, noci•ty at the Ohl 111
t- Ts l'ur schst I'lMnelly Societies, au
al
rf 44, 1:411. each -
I/
t.'
L_The fissise of the personal propel
I.
st Z!_ and r%lit WWII, is given to
pr -''''', Y.
~,t
I "I' (.oelvrate Assembly held on
11l
1'44::,11' Junes Nation. Eaq. was chose to. , i r the eosin, g year ; art! Sir T.
Cued, ~.zr. lb. It. I Ll.re, r. Illoinlield. I
tb
~. Z.'l..`•'_rt Amman t Joetieee—Tliomats
it e
I.t. •• ii.;urion Reetires of the Corporatus
T,,, "'Istill:: of Ito Lt. 31aulkin, Ks/
, r -
to ri...4.11• Esq. idotwair ~t the t'orporat
t,.,_flu, and whys., to the number of II
,:‘,
'''.r..... % mit, the tomn'et conviviality prey; le..
!lat j ,
4.1111 W% Slit moon a notorious elm
. 4 i,:it%:het Joy,t Its rsey, was bn.ug
for r.,, In nor Rant, on a charge it n
.511
era.i2t li Lr.,:ltly a sticee•sful attempt to
sd tea 146 almost bit :minder the
the ---'• were refused, knock .11 II ii
J. a,.0 , , . i own
•wht , "15. 'AM, a flitter% blow or
a fi,s, 4, with the usistancr of two or
no_ ..6...„.:t citytain of A pri-tentled recruiti
,„ ' business in their furtive calling,
r:• ..1, p. gar% lie is also well knot
I