Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-11-18 00:00:00

struggle, in putting himself in communication with
the besieged-. He is now -shut up within the
wals of the place. General Havelock, who com-
mands the second column, is encamped outside the
citadel, on an eminence called Mount Hamak. He
is held in check by the insurgent army, 20;000
strong,which is master of the town of Lucknow. In
this very serious situation, the English find them-
selves opposed to a vastly superior force, which
intercepts their communications with Cawnpore, the
base of their operations.' The Daily News takes
another view of the matter. It says :—" Upon all
the ordinary rules of strategy—even making,every
allowance for the superiority of European over
native—the position of the relieving army is one of
the er,tremest jeopardy. But there is something in
that Rencernbereawnpore ' which has introduced
into the chances of the battle-field an element
whose force no military science can compute. It is
• a watchword whose electric power has fired hearts,
and nerved arms with superhuman vigour on the
perilous edge of battle '—in every field that has
since been fought. The miracles of valour it has
wrought have not ceased yet; and we have a firm
reliance that it is strong enough still to open a
path for safety to the heroic Englishmen and
Englishwomen whose fate has so long centred the
eager interest of the nation on the gallantly
defended Residency of Lucknow.
Of domestic news this morning, we have not
much of an important character. The inquest on
the body of the policeman, found murdered at
Stevenage, has resulted in a verdict of wilful
murder against Jeremiah Carpenter, who has
accordingly beau committed for trial on the
capital charge.

famishing millions." This advice was most
religiously followed, unfortunately.
We may here pause, however, to look at
the bullion account of this dismal year. Previ-
ous to the announcement of the famine, the Bank
had run down their per centage of cash as low
as 2101. at four per cent discount—that is, they
had only a fraction over 4s. in the pound in cash
against their issue of notes ; and up to this
period (April 10, 1847) no alarm was felt, as the
low rate of interest proves. Nor do we find any
remarkable symptoms of uneasiness about the
Bank until the August of that year, when it
became generally known that Ireland had lost
her food crops, and that England and Scotland
had also suffered to a most painful extent. Then
the beauties of our bullion system began to show
themselves. The facilities our importing mer-
chants and employers of labour required more
than ever were suddenly cut off. The Bank's per
centage of cash had dwindled down to 1151., and
usurers were demanding eight per cent. for the
use of notes which, according to our principles of
currency, cu.;ht only to have been taken at a dis-
count of something like 871- ! " I promise to pay
1,0001. on demand" was only worth 11.5/. in the
Bullionist's eyes in those days, and yet they had
the bare-faced effrontery to ask a famine-stricken
country to pay eight per cent. for their monetary
pledges. Our Banking condition has varied very
materially since that never-to-be-forgotten year.
We have had all sorts of rates -of discount, and
the usual amount of fluctuations in prices. To
the war, and its sudden suspension, the
largest share of the last three years embarrass.
ments of trade must be attributed.

were lost between the first and last
days of the attack, has yet to be told.
The loss of life attending General HAvELocK's
movements have also to be made known, before
we can form any idea as to what the victories he
has won are worth, or the chance we have of
holding the ground over which so much of our
best blood has been shed. It is said that the
relief of Lucknow was no sooner effected, and at
an immense loss of men, than it was abandoned
by the relieving army, whose presence added
famine to the other dangers the garrison had to
contend against. If there be any truth in this
report, four or five hundred men were thrown

away in an attempt to save a starving garrison
by adding a couple of thousand hungry troops to
its number ! Returning to Delhi, we find the
remnant of our victorious army broken up, and
sent out of a city twelve miles in length, in pur-
suit of a flying enemy, whose destination and
actual strength they knew nothing about. This
-5 the exact state of affairs we glean from the
last mail from the seat of war in India; and it
must be remembered, that it would take at least
six weeks to forward anything like adequate re-
infolcenjents from Calcutta to the scene of hos-
tilities. In a country where there are no roads,
shelter, or provisions, the transport of large
bodies of troops, is almost impossible. They
must be sent forward in comparatively small
drafts. Before the last division of an army of
20.000 men left Calcutta, the advance guard
should be within one or two days march of
Lucknow. A " Commissioner" might under-
take such a march with a much larger number,
but one-half would be left to perish by the way
side—and we would ask, where is Sir COLIN
CAMPBELL all this time ?

The news from abroad is of no great importance
this morning. A Paris letter in the Inde-pendlnec
of Brussels contains the curious assertion that
recruiting for the English service is busily
carried on all over France, that the English re-
eruiling agents apply themselves particularly to
gain over old French soldiers who have served their
time, and that the persons enlisted are directed to
London, and not to Marseilles. No similar state-
ment has hitherto reached ourselves from France
It is rumoured that the India Government is
about to modify, or perhaps abolish, the obstructive
passport system. In Denmark the National
Council has resolved on introducing a measure to
abolish the old trade guilds, and make trade and
-manufacture, free. These are both steps in the
right direction. If a Turin paper is to be believed,
the Neapolitan Government has discovered, or
thinks it has discovered, another vast Mazzinbn
conspiracy, and it has arrested no less than 400
persons. Mazaird's letters in the Italia del Popola,
are said to have furnished the clue to the disco-
very; but we are at a loss to understand how.

Our Banking condition of the present day,
however, far surpasses every thing we have wit-
nessed as yet. After lingering on with panic
rates of interest, ranging from 6, 63, and 7 per
cent from October, 1856, to June, 1857, we got
money at 51e at which it continued to the Octo-
ber of this year, when it was pushed up to 8 per
cent., and, again, at the beginning of this month,
when it was raised t) 9, and even 10. When this
last and perfectly monstrous figure was decided
upon, the Bank's percentage of cash had fallen to
SEVENTY•FIVE ! This leaves the " promise to
pay on demand," for which we are asked to pay
10 per cent. in trade, worth, according to the
Bullionists theory mind, somewhere about Is.
6d. in the pound ! Far be it from us to wish the
public to look on this as the actual value of th e
Bank of England note. It can never be
depreciated so long as it carries with
it the Royal prerogative, which declares it
to be a legal tender in payment of debts and
taxes; and this is the character which should be
given to all bank notes issued in the United
Kingd nil, the Chancellor of the Exchequer
being first satisfied that the public are secured
• ot, sAILETtaLC 10,0 1-Py ,r 3,111, (AL"-
gible security in the State's coffers, for
every note issued. As for the bullion basis
scheme, it is a dastardly imposture, and wholly
beneath the legislative and commercial morality
of the nineteenth century. This article was
written with the bullion movements of the Bank
of England from 1844 to the last week of 1857,
before us, and as the facts it brings to the know-
ledge of the public cannot be disputed or mys-
tified, it is to be hoped that the whole currency
system will be remodelled, before it explodes in a
torrent of popular indignation, or exposes us any
further, to the ridicule of the world.

A Commander-in-Chief is most assuredly
required at the head of the British army in India
at this most threatening juncture. The loss of
military combination is certainly not telling much
in our favour. We are losing all our best Gene-
rals and most hardy soldiers. One and all of our
commanders have performed prodigies of valour ;
but something more than fearless intrepidity is
wanted where we have an enemy with 100,000,000
of heads, inhabiting a country which presents
many insurmountable difficulties to military
movements on a large scale. It is in such regions
that a knowledge and close adherence to the art
of civilised warfare are most needed ; and unless
the marching of troops in India be conducted
with the greatest skill, it will cost us more lives
than all the resistance the mutineers can offer.
They have evidently been taking advantage of
the smallness of our disposable force, and their
flying to such distant places as Cawnpore, Luck-
now, and Delhi, looks as if they placed a proper
value on their diS'ance from the seats of our
strength. Drawing off the greater part of our
available forces to Delhi left the heart of the
country free for a general rising, which appears
to have taken place. If this had not occurred,
General.l-IAvELocK, would not have had to encoun-
ter so formidable an enemy before Lucknow.
That the disafnetion is spreading in Oude is quite
certain. The same thing may be said of the
Punjaub, and it is high time that Sir Colas
CAMPBELL should take the field.

THE Directors of the Bank of England must
feel most anxious to throw responsibility off their
shoulders, and declare themselves innocent of
all the lamentable vicissitudes which follow
the periodical failures of our money-laws. The
Press cannot render them more effectual aid in
this most necessary work than by publishing those
statistics which show the practical operation of
the system they are called on to administer. The
return which appeared in the NORTHERN TIMES
of yesterday, exhibiting the actual movements of
the Bullion reserves since the passing of the
nefarious Bank Charter Act of 1844, the propor-
tion of cash to the cash liabilities, or promises to
"pay on demand," of the Bank, and the
fluctuations in the rates of interest, is one of
those reliable statements which leaves nothing,
unexplained. When the odious Charter Act,
which was to give us the utmost banking stability,
came into operation in January, 184.5, they held
14,cani ,c,-) 1 s-ht-t- ---- ;(11
for every 1,000/. of notes in use, while the rate of
discount ranged from 2. to 3 per cent. These
were the abnormal, and altogether unnecessarily,
low rates of interest which prevailed when the
Bank held but very little over ten shillings in
bullion against the amount of notes in circula-
tion. Now, if the framers of the Charter Act
and Bullionists were sincere in their demands, they
must haVe felt perfectly shocked at the facts dis-
closed in the first return made by the Bank after
the introduction of their darling crotchets. Their
"promise to pay on demand" had very little
more than ten shillings in the pound to redeem
the solemn pledge given to the State and to the
people ! Yet the Bank went on through the whole
of that year (1845) issuing notes freely, until in
December we find their per cent Age of cash run
down to 382, and the rate or interest still as low
This made money plentifal, and the
country, for the first time in our history, was
suffered to develope its incalculable productive
powers when favoured by peace and cheap money
means. Oar exports in this very remarkable
commercial year reached the extraordinary amount
of 145,000,0001.

That gallant and tried soldier was selected for
the arduous and honourable duty of command-
ing her Majesty's forces in India, and the British
public will have hut little confidence as regards
I the ultimate issue of the desperate struggle until
. they see the whole of the European troops in
India under one command, and acting together
as one man in the execution of some
definite plan. At present our Commanders
seem to have a common object in view, but they
are carrying on their operations without a base
to which they can forward information, and look
for council and peremptory orders. In the
meantime there appears to be no authority to
keep the very natural, but no less terrible exas-
peration of our troops, within human bounds.
We profess to believe, that " an eye for an eye"
is the utmost limit to which Divine retribution
extends ; yet we hear that a life is to be
sacrificed in India for every hair which is found
on the head of our slain countrywomen and men.
This, we trust, in the name of Christianity, is
but one of those appalling fables which seasons
of bloodshed leave after them. The most savage
outrages have been committed by the mutineers,
and while we would scorn to palliate them, even
among semi-barbarians, who would not shudder
at the thought of ten innocent beings suffering,
that one guilty monster may be put to death ?
This would be reversing the law of God, and of
all civilised nations ; and the occurrence of a
military revolt, frightful as it really has been in
this instance, cannot be urged as an excuse for
unnecessary slaughter. Sir CoLIN CAMPBELL,
however, carries European feelings and a high
Constitutional character with him into the melan-
choly conflict—and while he upholds the rights,
honours, and dignity of the Crown, he will no
allow the interests and name of civilisation to be
outraged. This is what sober-minded English-
men look for at his hands, and we feel assured
they will not be disappointed in a really great
soldier, whose bravery is not obscured by ferocity,
and whose dogged chivalry in the face of the foes
of his country, is the only visible guarantee we
have, of the speedy rescue of our Indian posses-
sions from anarchy and bloodshed.

THE sober portion of the British public, who
have taken time to digest the last news from
India, must feel anything but satisfied with the
state of things it discloses. All military order
appears to have been thrown aside. Brigadiers
and' Commissioners assume in turn the duties of
a Commander-in-Chief; and, consequently, we
have three armies, or rather fragments of armies,
undertaking the most hazardous and desperate
exploits without concert, and each one revelling
in a glorious and alarming isolation. Military
commanders invent novel punishments unknown•
to British martial or criminal law, and a handful
of Highlanders are left to decide the atonement
outraged humanity should demand of mutineers
and political offenders ! By pursuing such a
course great slaughter must necessarily ensue.
The richest districts of India may be depopulated.
British supremacy over thousands of miles of
uninhabitM hills and valleys may be permanently
established. Man's vengeance may be carried
beyond everything we have been taught to call
" the wrath of God." But all this is to destroy
and not to save a valuable dependency—a posses.
sion we once styled our " Indian Empire." Had
we gone about this work methodically, the means
at our disposal, at the onset of the mutiny, might
have been equal to the object our Indian authori-
ties have in view. Our• Commanders have thought
proper to depart from the teachings of military
experience, and as the whole contest wears the
appearance of the wildest frenzy of revenge on
both sides, we despair of seeing those solid
advantages gained which generally attend well
concerted military movements.

as 31-

The sordid and benighted Bullionist alone
grumbled. The astounding activity of commerce
brought to light all our deficiencies in the means
of external and internal transit. More shipping
tonnage was wanted. We stood in great need
of more railways. Parliament saw that an
addition to both was imperatively necessary to
accommodate our immense increase of trade, and
our legislators, collectively and individually,
rushed to the aid cf the great maritime and
commercial interests of the nation. Ships
sprung up like mushrooms, and railroads
. appeare 1 to rise ready made, with " the rain
v►hich goeth up from the earth to cool the
heavens." These marvellous and wealth-creating
realities, were viewed as phantom 3 by those
' . who know nothing but the feverish idolatry of
Mammon, and the sluggish and torturous ways
of their idol. Great Britain never made such
progress in civilisation as we witnessed in 1845-6.
It was in those years we created the immense
powers of concentration and expansion, which ren-
der our defences prfect, and our commerce the
astonishment and envy of the world. But all
this was thrown :away on the pur-blind and self-
loving Bullionist. He alone sa►w danger, and
dared to call a people " gamblers" who were
endeavouring to enrich themselves, by heaping
strength and wealth upon their country. In 1847
came the famine, as if to punish the gold- wor-
shipper for his slander. What then was his
remedy for the Divine visitation of scarcity ?
" Make money both secure and dear. Advance
the rate of discount to 8 per cent., and thereby
add 5 per cent., as compared with 1845, to the
price of every mouthful of food required for the

General NIcHOLSON'S precipitate advance upon
Delhi, with the small force under his command,
was a great mistake. Having once appeared
before the mutineers' stronghold, he was com-
pelled to hold his position until succour reached
him, or to take it at all risks. Reinforcements
did not arrive in sufficiently large numbers to
enable the General to hold his advanced and
desperate position, and he was compelled to
undertake the assault in which he, and over
1,200 of his gallant followers, were Skilled or
wounded. The number of heroic lives which

GENERAL NEIL-L.—The rebellion has claimed another
victim, and General Neill, who during his short career in
Bengal endeared himself tp the heart of every European in
India, has fallen. When the intelligence of his death
reached Calcutta every one felt as if he had lost a personal
friend, and his death caused no little gloom upon the
intelligence of the relief of Lucknow that otherwise would

THE NORTHERN TIMES.---LIVERPOOL WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1857

AMUSEMENTS, &c.

HENGLER'S CIRCUS, DAL L"-STREET.

have caused universal rejoicing. The public were hardly
prepared for the death of General Neill. His career had
been so brilliant, his daring so conspicuous, and his
escapes so numerous, that it was believed he would not
only survive to see order once again restored in India, but
to receive those honours which his conduct so richly
merited, and of which not even official formalism could
deprive him. His great powers of endurance, strength of
constitution, and personal appearance —for he was scarcely
past the vigour of manhood—tended to increase this belief
in his invincibility, and therefore the intelligence of his
death was the more sudden, and fonnd us the more un-
prepared. We did not judge of General Neill as we do
of other men. To him was never imputed vacillation nor
infirmity of purpose. From his first coming among
us, from his departure for the Upper Provinces to his
death at Lucknow, it was felt that an officer had
appeared who, if he had been spared, would have risen
to the highest eminence. Difficulty and danger
served but to call out all his abilities, and to awake all
his energies. And yet with all this vigour of purpose and
energy of will, General Neill was a true soldier. His
power over the men under his command was immense, and
was equalled only by his care and attention to their wants.
It was his maxim that no man was, emphatically, a soldier,
who unnecessarily harassed or exposed the troops under
his command. And thus, with but very inadequate means,
and opposed to forces more than twice as numerous as his
own, General Neill was able to achieve great results with
comparatively small loss of life on his part. And the
daring that he exhibited did not arise from want of thought,
or that stupidity which does not fear, because it does not
foresee danger, but was the result of calm calculation.
He knew wall the nature of the rebels with whom he had
to d sal , that they were accustomed to dissimulation, and
to the maintenance of a bold front with a craven heart.
Thus he chose rather to confound them with gallant daring
and straightforwardness of purpose, than to induce them
to assume a specious appearance of amity by diplomacy.
He appeared during the time he served in Bengal to be
one of the Europeans, and not one from them. He never
used the power which he knew so well how to wield, to
show ho v far he was above public opinion, and how he
could run counter to the wishes of a whole community,
merely for the purpose of gratifying his vanity or his own
selfish ends. There was nothing of assumption or vanity
in General Neill, and the public whom he so wall served,
and whom at Allahabsd, in the burning of Kydgunge, at
Cawnpore—in that room which still bears witness to the
massacre of our countrymen—and at Lucknow, he has so
wall revenged even at the sacrifice of his own life, will do
hint honour.— Friend of India.

O ly fancy, a real Stag Hunt—no mistake about it—in
:he centre of Dole-street—a fine stag, a splendid peck of
hounds,• end, although it is a slight misnomer, a field of
twenty good ho. semen in the rush of " full cry"—it is, on
the whole, a spectacle and novelty unheard of in the
history of equestrian entertainments. If we could only
divest ourselves of the feeling that we were in the splendid
Circus, Dale-street, it would not take a vast stretch of the
iseaginatiou to carry us to Melton Mowbray, or some other
eqin,ily famous field-sporting lccality in the Midland
Counties, for we hove all the fun and frolic and excre-
ment, the splashing aad dashing over hedges and ditches,
rushing through all the accidents of flood and field, tumbles
down and gettings up, with all the etcetras to be found in
an open air built. Any thing, both conceived, er more
'fully carried out, so far as this point goes, cannot be
witnessed ; and sure we are that it cenuot fail to attract
crowded houses, if there was no other psrformance. In a
word, we say that this novel introduction is deserving of
the great patronage bestowed on the Cirque. Mr. John
M. Herigler's performance on the tight-rope, is the acvne
of that art, and although we have ceen many surprising
its this Deeulisr lin, we may RA fply pcza,rt
up to the present he is matchless. His great feat of
performing a beautiful overture on the violin, and making
en astounding sosamereault during the time, without losing
a note, is the climax of perfection in its way, and it would
be imposainle to expect any thing beyond it. We have
frequently spoken of Marerie. Josephine, but it seams that
this graceful favourite, in place of esutenting herself with
the laurels she has already won, is determined to add new
chaplets to her brow, for she almost surpasses her former
efforts in everything, and the more applause bestowed on
her only stimulates her to renewed exertions, in which she
is quite successful. The daring, and, at the same time,
truly graceful feats and performances of the Brothers
Elliot, with the dancing globes and magic dud's, almost
surpa s comprehension, and but for our occular faculties
being first rate, we could hardly credit those things. We
should remark, that in the real Stag Hunt, the adventures
or the Cockney Sportsman (who h..s not heard of a Cock-
ney Sportsman ?) affnrds the best medicine we know of for
ennui, and many other ills that flesh is heir to—a hearty
laugh. Last night the house was as crowded as
could be by a brilliant audience. The nay; grand day
performance will be on Saturday.
LADY HAVELOCK AND 1i• JULLIEN.—A.D exciting scene
came off at Her Majesty's theatre on Thursday night, • on
the occasion of the production of the Indian Quadrille,
illustrative, among other things, of General Havelock's
march. The theatre was much more full than on any
evening since the commencement of the concerts, and the ,
new quadrille was, like all M. Jullien's grand pieces, very
ingenious and varied, and as noisy as an indefinite num-
b. r of additional drums could make it. All the usual
battle elements weep introduced, and when the grand
crash was over, the audience re-demanded the quadrille,
Instead of at once complying, M. Jullien came forward
and add reseed the audience. He said—" Ladies and
gentlemen, as we are honoured this evening ty the
preeence of Lady Havelock, the wife. of the distinguished
General—that British lion who has so nobly hawed down
the Bengal tiger—l am sure you will be as delighted as I
am to know that she is among us." Then, pointing to a
box on the first tier, he said, "There is Lady Havelock !"
This announcement was received with such tremendous
cheering, that Lady Havelock rose from her seat, and,
coming forward to the front of the box with her two
daughters, gracefully saluted the audience. The accla-
mations that followed were again interrupted by M. Jul-
lien, who spoke iu a loud voice, and evidently as excited as
if he had been an Englishman born. " Now, ladies and
gentlemen," he said, "you shall join with me in three
British cheers. I will give the word, and you shell all
respond : 'ensemble !' '' He did give the word, and his
" Hip, hip, hurrah," thrice reiterated, was thrice echoed
by such a "hurrah" from the united voices of the whole
assembly as made the walls " reverberate again." Rarely
has a scene of greater enthusiasm been witnessed.

THE MO2kL OF "Tom Blower's SCHOOL DAYs."—There
is not much chance, we are afraid, of this book being read
by the parents of boys who do not go either to pablic
schools, or to any laree private E&1001; or we might hope
that the knowledge of the discipline which gentlemen's
sons go through, and the rough experience they have to
put up with, would make them ashamed of the effeminate
manner in which their children are braug'at up. Whether
this is the case in provincial towns we do not know ; it
certainly is in London. A boy is perhaps the maat sacred
bein.e in this mctrepolis; and the whole majesty of Oh.
law, in addition to the fury of his maternal parent—no
ordinary power—is raised to avenge hire if he meets with
eie of the miry cuffs to which his usual ways of amusing
him.,,elf always rHrly entiVe him. We fancy that the
redoubtable Doctor A.rnAd would have shrunk from being
obliged (to use his own expressio-) "to dise,ps the thick-
nais of prmeoster's sticks" with as Old Bdi ey
barrister,
cad a jury of philoprogenitive London tredesinen. Such
pe rple, wo imagine, would raise hands and eyes in horror,
to read of the " dreadful suit rings " which fel'ows iike
Torn Brown pass through before they emerge from the fag
condition of life; but they would be informed of the fact
that such thin2,-s exist, of which they are at present net
aware, and they might perhaps be enabled to observe that
boys who hive been so treated, do not usually make worse
men, citizens, or soldiers, than the coddled denizens of the
home circle,. whose idea of independence, is the power to
insult with impunity, and of manliness, precocious
dissipation.—New Q4arterly Review for Noveraber.