The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1821-10-04 00:00:00

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DON, THURSDAY, OCTOBER t 1821.

IFIOUSELEI6 pokia sty RSCR I mop'.
DE sti(4.6ND H EPOILT from Abe COMei
AIITTIEE fjr Alanosior 'he above svescair. •
TION brisig. le the boon* of delivery, those larSiriAiiblo
who here ishicrobed Anosittistir'y swoirripo...omt t.. eiefl ki
the Crimaiiiteo it au MONDAY, TUESDAY,
WEDNESDAY, is the aest Wert', when tapirs may bs
procured kisses lb. he.,. of :Mt tort Two.
(Soil) W. H. HODE,I N, Hon. Soc.
Csitl(bittee Rama, If, Oostlff, o?eubrz t,
I'.IIIRTV THOUSAND POUN DS for the
Fiat dome iptieN swit tins hiltivfm «fresher.)
Three of 30,000. mei 3e rodwr ca;Stali!—Aii
Errs y Tlctrei drawn &Wily —ll,ltmi and aimelice are wiling
by T. SISH. 4, C.otolitt, Awl" 9, Chariug erooti, who ha.
sold moo* the. Half of Ai the Thirty Thwissiwslo diet bate
ever been.
9.• The Prireo of Lucke or. 'Axed, h..orly, •aairet
SIAN'S Orr, Ile (Within, hpiwitith the Public tee see
the fincluateues.
I°.
4(;ItICIJLTURAL AEPORt.
Extract from the Evidence annexed to the He.
port of the Select Comistittee of the Houle of
Conti/not. upon the AgnCulture of the Uoited
Kingdom.

:last year, wodld lave been as strequate price to the pewee
I! think I know many part+ of the enuatry sere an average
price of 'something like 84.. from that to 415.- or there—
! abdots, would InisC enabled the farmer to base art the
'alacim,' of the
luilisig his seal ?—Yea, including his reel; and With
represpect of the .i• lids of the various siditguior a 1111.1
has spots his farm; If that hail bees the ease, I lissal4l
think Ise should ant have had quite so much clumsier I. the
country so we have had; there are other peke of England
*gain where 1 believe that would ltOt have answered the'
purpose whi?h I have stated.
that is in other glares, where the crop Isis bet (Iraq
&balmiest, 1 -appose?—Yes, where it wat not equality alinstn.
dant ; as to she average of cure, 1 said 1 koe* ferverres 5.1
I do know fireseks, Allem the sheet crop has averaged tsar
quarters to so rave; that is so great a crisp that the 'kite
have been speaking of would do very well to seek witsib
throe.
What average rice do you teeter' adequate, hoppeoissi
. there to Wooly no •Yevage crisp; and that generallyilplihq ai,
costalderatiow. the evressedstaweire referred hr.,
'tithed eipenditure end atippio&iNg to he upon present
wale of rents?-4:loeu the price of ri,riety was html
a• a protecting pier, 1 eun+itleterl it a very fair one. Moil at
much, certainly, a• it ought so lisve herd; reale, slate that
tun. have bees dominating; nod me eertainly soaorwhat
lower; generally spexkiog, tbev ere somettsiag tower; tot-
ing this into consideration, and looking at ■ demiiiiition is
other outgo' .. ga, 1 thick iirsenty.fivo ahillsugs woithl hr a
very ample provt+oun foe a farmer, opine the pr. sent scale er
rent., as they now are, that is, taking average crops.
14.1ppming a reduction of rent in.. lifteets so twenty per
Cent. *tat then would yen state to be an ad.rinale rtuissese-
ratilia price fur the farmer?-1 think that the price might
be reduced to seventy shillings; but that is Pi 41110111011 which
requires a little more thought than I eau give it, at the pre-
sent moment.
When you speak of a reduction of rents of from 15 to 10
per cent. has that reference to the rents as Axed (rum six to
ten years ago ?—alres.
To what extent were the rents raised daring the peiiod of
the high prices, as compared wok what they were &lore the
last war; what is your mtsesate !—I sederstan.l is is 8114,
way; that preview!. to the last war, taking ate
country thee, what wa• the inerease on Ih.t arceirke to She
highest price oar which it stood ?
Yea?-1 think con•itierably more. *Wm double; certainly
more than double.

l'etteeis, 4 die Will, 1821.
TIIOIIIAS SNCIIIIA.CII GOOCH, EM.q. in the Chair.
The eetearnaat lost of John liresun, Esq. enarladed from our
Paper of SaJordon, September 29.
Have not these several articles of wood, iron. and leather,
fall's very considerably %-1 do not find thst the mechanics
have redneed their peters to any extent.
If those mailers thrombi., have fallen, and if labour has
also fallen, sod seed also, mast not the farmer's outgoings
came down to a level with those prices, in the course of a
short time?—Tbey ought to du, but they base not done
so yet.
But you expert they will ?—I think they most very owe-
rially decrease, as far as my own extrerieoce goes; 1 am de-
terained to reduce the prices to mechanics as far as my ow. .
Mute goes, as far as 1 have any coucern.
Is not much of the distress which farmers experience,
owing to Muer price. not having as yet found their level
certainly that that that will make a eassidcrable difference
to them; I certainly think that.
You do not mean to say, that that is one of the principal
causes of the distress wader which the farmer* labour et
present ?—I do ant map to take that as a prioeipal
cause, bid I think that all the circumstances combining to-
gether is the reason of it; my opinion is, that they all make
up
one great cause.
You have stated that the wages of labour have not fallen
in proportion to the price of am?-1 think out.
You have also mated, that the' labourers nee not now less
employed titan they were in the winters of 1819 and 1820;
•why then should the means of the labourer be eu reduced as
10 oblige him to forego the use of *heat, and consume a
greater proportioo of potatoes f—The priers given to la-
bourers for wages is the years ISIS sad 11110 were nut very
big*, std say dietiontims Ilreigraitot priers, partirolorly is •
those ipooleies whims a peat portitio of the wages is paid
fieirfhe peor's rues, operate*, to the prtvelostig of them
from WON' wheat at almost any piire.
Have the other commodities besides eons, which the Ito
hooter consumes, falk• in tire same manner mu Dorn ?—Not
quite is so great a properties, I thialt.
Has eloabieg?—Certainly not.
Does nut the wiuler's witpation of the labourer &prod
very maim ially on the quantity of straw grown its the reel-
sims year !....Yes, a Vied deal in corn countries.
I).t you mtsitsiste the istereased ocerpatioo of the labours
in the winters of 1820 and 1821, to the hulk of the crop In
the preceding year I—ln some measure, certainly, I de.
In what proportion have wages fallen?—They vary very
math Is differeatt parts of the country; butt on a gams!
scale, a labourer, who before had twelve shillings a week,
wilt be reduced to ten shillings per week, or nine shilliaga•
week ; or about tea shilliap; the labourer who had nine
shillings a week will be reduced to about Urfa shillings or
'eves shillings and sixpence a week.
Has much land gone out of cultivation ?-1 think not.
Do yon think, if the present prices mistime, that land will
go out of cultivation?—Souse land will, there can be no
doubt; whether any great propoition will, ur will not, I do
not know.

Do you sot cussider it nearly treble?—, think tuner than
emible; 1 doubt whether, ganevolly apeakieg, whether it
•ww.ld treble; I think that as near as nay knowledge goer,
tI that is shoat the thing; I .1.. not think it would treble,
ism yet a very great way short of it.
And you do nut consider that aim general reduction has
yet token place?—All lettings saner the war has been tipms a
much less Genie than it was during the war, and there have
several rednetkrus taken place, but the answer which I ease
as le a gement! reductims was as applied to the prem.,. • 1,14?
has I du Nut know of any body who has any coosidreshfe
district of country that has let their forme, us that hue heeb
going on at a reduction of twesoly or twt•uly-6ve per cent.;
1 have knows persons who have turned hack to tenons ems
enterable sums in 'hat way, sad I have known porous whir
have redneed individual farms, I should also state, that
d's not think that there was so great an increase.; I do 110 i
think that there is the mane proportion uf 'attempt tail, a
place's great 'malts, or the eslates ttllwrmatas who have got
s pees 'weal of cavalry together ; I tb nut think di .1 the
sums este** of...Krems* has taken place with refitted to there
estates as spite the !slates Ibf lass magnitude.
' - •

CuaAwing year answer to the latererdescriptioa of estates,
to dot greater proprietors, do you think that they have hero
&tabled since 1? ?-1 doubt whether the same quantity of
land may have bees at soy rate mitre thaw skrubltel on those
'metre; there law boo gigot additive,' made to them, and
groat improvements on them, wheel, kin smalsl.4 them to
iaelesse their glistal very moth, such as heisting is cow-
man*, draining marshes, and every thisorof Ohm soil, hot the
absolutely cultivated ground I do mot think has tofu some
this doubled, if so much as that.
Has the whole serfage of these retain lees donbleill—o
The whole surface of these estates might have bees doubled
from the circumstasee I have related, bat it has sot doubled
the rest of a particular acre; it has brought io *wither sere
to the former one.
Has there been, within your knowledge, any considerable
outlay of capital to produce this rise of tents ?—Yes, un-
doubtedly there bas.
Has not a very considerable proportion of those advances
of capital been made by the tenants?—Ye., a very great
deal of that has bees laid out bribe seasons, ma demist of it.
More than by the Is di O-..0rt., du you conceive, wills cocks.
sure, draining, and so ou should think it had; I should
think sq rertaiuly.
You are speaking to land that lias conic within your know.
ledge?—Of course I do.
Does not the landlord generally take all the first expense,
of so enclosure himself?—Yes, certainly.
Hint du yos call the first expense~ of an enclosnrc ?
The pa)ittg the working of • commission us all irnelusisre,
which is nu trifitog an expense.
Then the landlord pays some part of the expenses of mak.
ing an enclosure?—Yes; • great part is paid also by the
landlord, se much as by the tenant.
Is tie Committee to tosderatand you, that you are of opi-
nion that land of the first quality was capable of pro.
al/ average, thirty-two bushels usi an acre of
laud?—l beg pardon, but I did nut give that answer; I.
think not.

Must not all that quantity of land, which produces from
lee, to twelve bushels of wheat, go out of cultivation if the
present prices continue as they uow are?-1 should *beak a
good deal of it ; but it is difficult to say. It is ■ difficult
thing to throw up the cultivuttur of land; a man who
gut his ►tock, and gut his money embarked, however poor he
may geleaunut throw the farm up without consplcie rain to
himself. Upon this principle, if poor land was to be thrown
out ofceltoration, there would be nobody to purchase the
stuck and the implements, and all the other aitacies which a
farmer lias on it; he could make no money of the no.
If land was to go out of cultivation, would nut the supply
of corn he dimini.beil ? Unquestiousbl y.
Would met the price rise?—lt would depend upon the
consumption.
Would not the price rise, supposing edustimption to mu-
tineer is the awe ehich it now is ?—lf by throwing land
out of cultivation, you decreased the quantity brought to
the nisi ket, of course the demand fin it would increase the
price.
It'ould not that relieve the distresses of the farmer ?—lt
might, as to those lib° kept the land in twit ivaluoa of Cunene;
but as to the man who throws his land nut of rultersti 00000
the tenant aleo throws his land one of cultivation would be
ruined, and leis ruin would trod very much to the ruin of
kis landlord.
Are there any other means of rielieviog the present dis-
tress but by outproviug the price of cons ?—There are Iwo
modes of d ing the distress improving the price of
corn, aged diminithing the farmer's

Did you confine yourself to the last year alone?-1 said
knew that last yea, farms had averaged thirty-two bushels.
111 eat should you say is the a of leml of the first
quality; how . many bushels pee acre Armlet you say ?
Upon my word it is dacha broad question, as applying to all
over England, that I do nut know bow to anawer et; 1 think
know a great deal of land that is capable of proelticing
th.rty•two bushels., and that dues produce that quantity.
What proportion, supposing that to be the average of laud
of the first quality; what proportion does the Tumidity uf
laud that is capable of hearing twenty bushels per acre, bear
to that which a capable of produciug thirty-two bushels per
acre; is it not materially greater?—Yea, infinitely greater;
but really 1 doitest know how to give the proportion. It is,
1 am sure, infinitely greater.
Supposing that the poor laws were confined to tie de-
(tepid, infancy, and age, what effect du think that
would have upon the wages of the labourer ?—lt would ill.
crease the nominal sum paid to the labourer, sod, I think,
much benefit the country, because a consider4ble part of
the labour is paid by the pours rates.
lu what pruportiem. 'du )ou theta wages would rise, if
such au inspreeesneni was to sake place?—The rise of wages
I world vary very much, according to the differeat parts of
the country, because the custom of paying labourers values
very materially; of course the wages would increase the
most were they are now paid, where the labourers nre now
receiving the must relief !runs the poor rites. I know souse
places where a 11111111 is receiving ur eight shtlltuga
a week foe his labour; aid, perhaps, he is rec. ivirig live
from the pours rates, because he has • very large
family.
. . .

Con the price or corn be raised by any other means I:.an
by inereased demand ur a dimimitird supply ?—1 really
not rounder myself qualified to point out any other
means of doing it.
%Vonld slut one of those remedies be as effectual as the
other?-1 du not know.

Du you recoiled, were you Is business in 1914'—Yes,
I was.

_
Awl in the year 1816 likewise, I suppose'—Yes, 1 was.
Do you recollect the alarm that existed then among the
tenantry and the landholders of the country?—Yes ; there
certainly was a ea...enterable alarm at that lime.
At both periods I—Yes ; at froth periods.
What was that towing tio?—A very great falling of in
the pike of grain ; there •ws a very great disnakut is
the price of grain and cattle.
Was the alarm any thisgAt all at that lime correspond-
ing to that which now exists ?—sFair a time it was very much
the Lune; but 1 du lint think that it continued so lung.
%Van there very moat 4161(4111y in en;leciing the rents, or
in boding tenants fur the farms at those period. ?sissThere
was, 1 think, nearly as much ditriculty its tullecting of the
vents as there ever has been I think its my experience. I
di, not think that there was such a general panic ; nor do
believe there was so much shyness to tenanta embarking
their capital in farming as there is at this present
Allowing fur the din t tt ebbed and ilietteiskleg expenses of
growing coin, are yon of opinion that excepting in those
commies where the crops of hat year were injured, an ave.
rage price of GO. a gustier fur wheat spun the produce of

What would tie the general average rate of wages if the
poor laws were improved, as I have supposed; what world
be the general average rate of wages in money du you sup.
pose?—Front twelve to fifteen shillings a week I should
think; I should think about that.
Would it nut depend upon the dem•utd fir labour?—Yrs.
undoubtedly; every thing in the country depends upon
demand fur labour. ASO
Do you not think a permanent deity upon tha
lof curie would be a betlet protectuen to the Gamut -*Union
Ipressint corn laws?—l should think a.. 4' Mlle the
• PO you think that the present corn laws a turd
-2 ode.