The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1824-02-28 00:00:00

DEATH OF EUGEIkE BEAUHARIVOIS:

-
The Ilioniteur of Weelmsday announces the death of
Eugene Bcauharnois, Prince of Eichstadt. The intelli-
gence of this event, which took place at Munichi at four
o'clock in the morning of the 21st instant, was bommu-
cated to Paris by telegraph. Prince Eugene was the son
of the Empress Josephine, by her former husband. He
was a great favourite with Bonaparte, who made him
Viceroy of Italy, a situation which he held until the
fall of Napoleon.
Prince Eugene was married to Augusta Amelia, eldest
daughter of the King of Bavaria, on the 13th of January,
1806 ; and since the restoration of the Bourbons, he has
resided almost entirely at the Court of his father-in-law.
He wss not considered a man of great talents, but of an
amiable disposition, and of strict honour and integrity.

The Duke of Clarence came to town yesterday morning
from Bushy. His Royal Highness returned to Bushy in
the evening.
Tuesday evening Mr. Walters, the King's Messenger,
left town, with despatches to the Right lion. Sir Charles
Bagot, our Ambassador at St. Petersburgh. Mr. Bailey,
the King's Messenger, left Downinf•-strcet, the same even-
ing, with despatches for our Ambassador at Vienna.
Yesterday a t'ourt of Directors was held at the East'
India House, when the ship Thames, taken up on the
24th inst. for China direct, was thus timed, via.:—To be
afloat the 28th inst. sail to Gravesend 14th March, stay
there 30 days, and be in the Downs 18th April. The
Astell was consigned to Bengal direct.
A subscription towards Lord Erskine's statue is proceed-
ing with great interest at Glasgow.
THE DIEM?! FEATIT•L.—The Stewards for the Musi-
cal Festival, on the sth of March, at the Freemasons'
Hall, at which thirty professional gentlemen will sing the
songs of Dibdin, have found it necessary to limit the
number of tickets, to secure the " unqualified enjoyment"
of the visitors, and the further issue (except to applicants
by letter, addressed to them at the Tavern), is altogether
suspended. From the following paragraph, which we copy
from the Journal des Modes, and Ntss Literary Gazette,
it would appear that the model of the Monument has
been completed :
" DIMIDI MONI:DIENT.—We have been favoured with a
sight of the model of this intended national testimonial, and we are
happy to find that it will be worthy of its promoters. It is at once
chute, novel, and elegant ; and the scale upon which it is to be
erected is a figure considerably larger than life, upon an appropriate
pedestal. Its height will be upwards of seventeen feet. The design
reflects great credit upon Mr. Sievier, who has the execution of the
Monument."

CAVAN ELECTION.—UNEXPECTED courxxr.--The
election for Cavan commenced on Monday. The county town wu
crowded to excel; The High Sheriff, Colonel Clement; pro-1
posed Henry Maxwell, Esq. which wu seconded by Major Thos,l
Burrows, of Stradone. The Sheriff wu about to put the question,
when a freeholder forced his way to the table, on which the candi-
date and his friends were standing, and, after a short emphatic ex-
pression of his own opinions and that of the independent Of
of Caron, on the unfitness of Lord Farnham's nephew to
the county of Cavan, proposed Charles Coote, of Bellanionr:VoliZ
Esq., to represent the cwslgty in Parliament. The sensation pro-
duced was electric. The Sheriff having put the question, a part
majority ap -peered for Mr. Coote, in whose behalf a deep and en-
thusiastic feeling wu manifested. A poll was then demanded, and
great preparations are made for a contest.—Dabliu Parr.
C•RLTON Hot se.—Henry Boyle, Chancellor of the
Exchequer and Principal Secretary of State ip the time
of Queen Anne, was created Lord Carlton, and died Pre-
sident of the Council March, 1723, at his house in Pall

.
Mall, leaving it to Frederick Prince of Wales, and his
successors: it has ever since been called Carlton House.

I)I,LL.—A meeting took place yesterday at four o'clock,
on Merrion-strand, between Mr. A—k—n, and a Mr.
S—t, when an exchange of shots took place without
effect, and the parties were preparing for a second dis-
charge, but were prevented by the timely interference of
the parish constable of Merrion, who took Mr. S-1
and his friend into custody, and brought them off to the
Collegc-street police-office, where we understand they en-
tered into recognizance. to keep the peace.—lrisA Times.

REFLECTIONS

ON THE
LIEUTENANCY OF THE MARQUIS WELLESLEY.
IN • LtTTER TO A NRIENII.-XIIIII•T.

This pamphlet is manifestly the production Of a man of
sound sense, writing on the spot, from the information
of the facts that are before him, and drawing from them
the conclusions to which, in a mind accustomed to reflec-
tion, they would naturally leid. That the system upon
which Ireland has been governed for centuries--from the
days of Henry the Second to this hour—has been a system
inimical to its intrests, and at war with its prosperity, is
a fact of which all are aware who know anything of its
history. Indeed, to say this is to speak but lightly of
their sufferings. Till within these few latter years of miti-
gated injustice, the Aristocratic faction, under the pretence
of securing the Protestant faith, went on adding privilege to
privilege and office to office, till the Irish pension list was
full to repletion, and every placeman joined chorus in
praise of " The gforiwis Menntry." They pursued their
triumphant course, in spite af. all complaint, and in con-
tempt of all remonstrance, CH the kingdom of Ireland
exhibited but two classes—the oppressors and the oppressed.
In this condition, and from this cause, it has been per-
petually a scene of commotion, approaching to civil war.
How could it be otherwise.? Distrusted, degraded, ha-
rassed, trampled upon—exiles, as it were, in their own
country—shut out from sharing those blessings which are
their birquight, and made to led that the charter of
national freedom was to them a dead letter—what was to
be expected from a high-spirited people, thus 'sawn down
and dishonoured, but tumult and insurrection ? And why
is all this remorzeleas p. rsecution, and for what? To
annihilate certain doctrines in which, whether right or
wrong, our forefathers lived and died. You would crush
the Catholic that you may make a conquest of his creed.
What perfidious hypocrisy ! The whole is pretext, and
fraud, and artifice. The Protestant faith, in its purity,
is full of justice and of merry ; it permits no body of men
to tread down the will and word of Hod to make way for
their own opinions, or to extend the empire of their own
church. This is state-craft, not religion. Whoever would
point out the road to Heaven with the rod of persecution,
is either a bigot or an impostor; and the chance is that he
is both.

Genuine public spirit is rare everywhere. In Ireland it
is scarcely to be found. The present writer is of opinion,
and we perfectly concur with him, that too much was ori-
ginally expected front the appointment of Lord Wellesley
to the Viceroyalty. But in saying this we should restrict
this over-sanguine expectation to those persons at a dist-
ance, who, wishing well to Ireland, and lamenting that
disquiet and disorder should exist in any part of the united
empire, and knowing too that it was the wish of his Ma-
jesty that Ireland should be governed in the spirit of con-
ciliation, naturally enough presumed that when the Lord
Lieutenancy was vested in an inflivithial fitted by the force
of his talents, the firmness of his temper, and the highly
liberal cast of his mind, to carry these beneficent views
into effect, the result would correspond with the measures
taken to secure it. But those who were in the secret of
affairs were not quite so confident. Such persons knew
well, that in Ireland places of trust and profit were chat-
tels of inheritance; that with Peers and placemen, as in
the classification of the Ilindoos, the sons followed the
fathers, and offices and appointments never went out of the
cask; that piety and preferment went hand in hand, and
that patronage, faithful to its pedigree, never forsook the
line of Protestant descent. Those who knew all this must
have been doubtful whether, under any authority, how-
ever well sdministered, the old system of oppression and
selfishness would easi'y be made to give way: that the chiefs
of corruption would hold out with their troops to the last
was a much likelier event. Before that millenium can ar-
rive, when the leopard is to lie down with the kid, his
teeth must be trained to other diet, or be will now and
then banquet on his bed-fellow. Political regeneration is
not the work of a day. Monopolists will not share their
gains, nor Irish Peers their exclusive influence, nor Irish
Priests their church preferment, nor—in short, no Orange-
man will give up any thing as long as he can hold it ; and
therefore it would have been the height of credulity to have
believed that, at the appearance of the present Lord Lies.
tenant, or of any other, he would let it dropout of his hands
Truly to estimate the good hitherto produced to Ireland
under Lord Wellesley's administration, we should look well
to the triple confederacy of rank, and influence, and office,
opposed to his doing any good at all. A reformer, sitting
cross-legged in his study, rectifies abuses in a twinkling—
Corruption cowers before him—he walks, in imaginanon,
so rapidly over the course, that his legs, like the winged
saint El Milton,

t. - with quick fan
Winnows the buxinn air."
But with a Lord Lieutenant of Ireland actually in office,
seeing men and things not in "his mind's eye, but she.
and in action before him, struggling against him openly
and in secret, striving to thwart all hie views and to em.
barrass all Lis measures; add to this the difficulty of in-
fusing his own intelligence and spirit even into his friends
—a task often more troublesome than quelling his enemies.
Here, and moving in the midst of dissension and enmity,
matter; will wear a very different aspect ; and to expect
that discontent and commotion would disappear at Lord
Wellesley, bidding, is to know nothing of Ireland or of
human nature. But, encore quelques amities, et le grand
ion r viendra.
" Lord Wellesley,' the writer observes, " ought to cherish a
confident foreboding of the prosperity of his native land. This
will stimulate his patriotic exertions to produce it. His Lordship's
character is a security, against his being scared from his post of ho-
norable hope, by intimidation: but might not his appetite foe vi.
gorous effort be damped and nauseated by disgust ? His firmness
may be a guarantee against the former danger ; but to the second
risk, his heart and taste and generous pride might but expose us.
" You observe (and I do not differ) that through its gentlemen,
this country should, if possible, be governed. But whose would
be the fault, if this were not so at present Undeniably the fault
of those, who did not suffer it to be so.

" Some of our rantocracy seem to misapprehend the true mean..
ing of the above petition ; and to err proportionably, in their a►-
plication of it. Their demand amounts to shis not that the King's
representative should govern Ireland through them; but that, ex-
alted to Viceroys over him, they should govern it through him."
The latter remark is pointed and just; and it is to this
evil we may trace the perplexity of public councils, and
the mischievous counteraction which in Ireland mars the
effect of all well-intentioned government.
The author of this pamphlet suggests to those who
would blame the Marquis IVelleeley u having done no-
thing, to reflect that it is given to his Excellency only to
counsel, and that to act upon those counsels resides else-
where.

" Beyond executing the law, what in fact can a Viceroy do? He
can inspect with care, and on the spot, the true Mulattos of the
country. He can collect, from tht.se who are also on the spot, in-
formation cm every subject with which be desires to be acquainted :
can himself, in many instances, verify (or falsify) their reports;
and thus learn gradually the degree of credit, to which the inform-
ants are entitled ; and how far It may, or may not be safe, to lavish
on them an implicit faith. He can bewme familiar, cwt only with
Irish facts; but (a knowledge most important? with the were,
working, extent,, and consequences of Irish prejudice and pension.
He may withal, if he be sagacious, }enema, the moo& mid
specious surface of merely plausible profession; and tbrllidialt the
intricacies within which selfishness, party rancour, or disloyal) its
hidden, reach the purpose, which, alto mode rriestwm, would
escape detection. Thus provided and prepared, he can report ; be
can propose, but it is the Cabinet (if not the Parliament) that is
to adopt, or to reject. It therefore should be roved, that matters
which Lord IVellealey ought to have submitted, he neglected to
bring forward, though the fit time for doing so had areived ;—elae,
though nothing had been—and though something engin to have
been—done, the blame would not attach on hint; and our dew
might be—not groundless, but altogether misdirected."
The author, however, next proceeds to show how much
has been done and still is doing, and what advantages have
been already gained for Ireland in the way of reformation.
The establishment of the Sessions has been productive of
benefit incalculable. The Tithe ('omposition 0(11 is dis-
cussed at considerable length, and the writer carries in his
mind, as is essential in canvassing the acts of Lord Wel-
lesley's government, not their general plineiples merely,
but the immediate measures necessary under the imme-
diate circumstances.

I Ins pamphlet throughout displays considerable talent,
and its tone is temperate and independent; it is manifestly
the result of that correct insight into the affairs of Ireland
which could only be gained by local residence. There is
much valuable matter from which we could multiply our
extracts, were we not precluded by want of room.

A Correspondent says, " A Society, already of some years
standing, and whose meeting,. have been attended by the most
experienced persons of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland, is
making the most strenuous Otero to bring before the I.4rislsture,
measure, peculiarly called for, for the employment and relief at
that most valuable, and dreadful) distressed and degraded clam
of our tellow.subjects—the Agricultural Labourers." -

~

11.

.•• EAST INDIA HOUSE.
DAILEY E.
A Special General Court of Pruprietors of East India stack was
Uhl yesterday, pursuant to adjournment from Wednesday last, to
'hike hoed corinider aeon the propriety of applying to Parliament fur
the repeal df the the huh clause of the Act of the 33d Owe 111. cap.
151, by which thet'ourt of Directors is prohibited hum mending to
I ilia, im the rapacity of a writer, any person who shall nut have
r sided during four terms at lisileybury College. The Court sas
.e.nit very numerously attended by proprietors:. The gallery was
ie.., cell filled. en the outer done a board was posted, noat
tine but proprietors of hitiuL stock could be admitted into they
of the Court. This order, however. was not applied to the re-
p utters, who took their usual statism).
EXt:IJUSIf /N TILE REPORTERS.
• Before the consideration of the question was resumed,
3lr. Ktai.rATatca adverted to the statements that hail ap-
peared in the neersiers, respecting the exclusion of the reporters
hem the body of Court at its last meeting, in consequence of
milers given by the Chairman to that effect; he stated that he rose
us ask the Chairman whether it was true that he had given any
rich directions ?
She Costae** (IV. 11'ignem, Esq.) said that no orders had
been issued by hint previous to the last Court, that were not COll.
wawa 'snit the preemie of the Mat—namely, that none but pro.
proton shoothi be obn'ited into the Court until twelve o'clock. It
was not till Ise iii the evening that he was aware that any Moon.
ernence b al be: .1 sustained by the reporters, whom it was certainly
/WI his wish or desire to have excluded.
3lr. Kiss i•as RICK remarked, that he had been induced to no-
ti-e the sob ect, only with the view of centring to the fientlonot
SI who aitem,, for the Press, the usual indulgence which .t was so
tOli them to retain.
The CHAIRMAN observed that he did not perfectly understand
the mewing of the phrase used by the Honourable Proprietor.
I'lr re opuld be no doubt that the persons who were first entitled
.• sconionindation in the 'Dun were the Proprietor.. lie hoped
• Reporters for the tublic Yaws then present would find all the
which they desired to possess for the the performance of
their Whom* ; but as they were not entitled to claim seats in the
body of the Court, unless, us matter of right, seats had been
eranted to them, he trusted they would be content with the accom-
modation they received.
The *object was then dropped, and the debate respecting Ilailey-
limey College was mooned.
lI.EVIICRY COI.I.ECE.
kir. lostr.••• rose to witlress the Comet. Ile stated, that he
brought at least one qualification to the discussion of this important
' quentiom, which wits of some value. Ile could assure the Court of
impartiality. Hie opinion was founded solely on the attention
he had bestowed nap the subject. He had had no concern its found-
ing thin college. llis early impression was decidedly inlavourabie
to the institution; but the success which bad followed the expert.
inent hid induced him to alter his opinion, and he therefore felt
hound to oppose a 1111A1101, which, in his view of it, went to destroy
ow college altogether. It was admitted by all diet the best 'duca-
t nin was neressary fur the civil servants of the Company. Where
timid such an educasion batik:Ai:led so well as at that college, where
lode were to be found cooeentered all the requisites for quslilying
'nein fiw the high duties that were to devolve upon theni ? li the
Hain Mover's arguments were sound, his minim' did not go for
enough. Ile nag it, in ounsistency, to have moved for the abolition
el the College NA sn expensive establishment, unattended with
may beneficial results, to justify the expenditure upon it. 't he
CM of public examination proposed by the lion. Mover, instead of
edao whin at the College, was detective in a material respect. It
might he sufficient as to arriving at the intellectual attainments Of
t tic candidate, but it led to no knowledge of his individual or morel
horecter. Unhappily it too often occurred that the most brilliant
edema were combined with the strongest piano:l,olnd the most un-
g.neonable temper. But it was numitist that a character so com-
posed would be wholly moat to rule over the various nations that
were witted in oar Indian empire. To his mind there appeared
no means so effective to train the civil servants of the Leonppany to
the diffirult art of self-government, as that subjection of them for
two years to a course of college discipline. The power of expul-
sion was s powerful and salutary check upon vicious and disordered
ioclonstions without which the College could not be governed. It
was natural that parents, whose hopes were blighted by the mis-
conduct stud consequent expulsion of their sons, should complain
of the disappointment they had sustained • but he was persuaded
that no man who dispassionately examined the question, could
doubt th.it the existence of this power was necessary for the govern-
ment of ley academical institution ; and if its existenre was nevus.
very, no man could doubt that its exercise was equally met-Angry.
That it had not been exercised with rigour was clear trim the fact
too out of 721 students educated at the llollege at Haileybury,
only 2U had been definitively expelled. But each of these expul-
sions Itnel been attended with much excitement of the public maul.
The whole question of the College was detailed every time an aca-
&mienl delinquent wait to be punished. There had been a
recent instance of insubordination at one of the l,,niversitiete.
l'he offenders had been expelled, but no sensation was excited
in the public mind—no feeling of reprehension exprezaed
aqiinct die prafesaor, who, In the undoubted discharge of their,
deny, had punished their refractory subjects. It cost the venerable
seat of learning itself no blot on its fair fame. Why was there so
wide a &Nereus when the delinquents of liaileyburyCollege were
to be punished? Because of the great value of the appointment to
which they were otherwise in the course of succeeding. (Ifear.)
4he of the strongest arguments in favour of the good government
of the ('ollege was, that the students themselves made no complaint
of their treatment; they were perfectly contented. The Hon.
Unmoor then read an extract from a letter written by his own son,
w student an the College, who, when on the point of heaving that
• woninary, where he had gained the highest honours in the power of
tte Professors to confer upon him, expressed himself highly satis-
fied with the training he had received, previous to his departure for
India, to diffuse the benefits and example of self-government over
the vast population of that extensive region. If the compulsory
s.;,euse were withdrawn, the College would become useless. What
parent would run the risk of sending his son, and subjecting him
to the chance of expulsiont when he might obtain all the benefits
.of education elsewhere? The greatest mischief to the civil stn.
vfce of India would fellow the relaxation of die moral scrutiny to
which students were now exposed. The College was instituted to
remove the lamentable edicts that had resulted in former days from
tile ignorance of the Company's civil servants. The first question
before the Court was, whether it had answered the purposes for
which it was established P The best answer consisted in the fact,
that never had justice been so ably and impartially administered in
India as at the present nwment. Never had the native subjects
linen so wntented and happy. Since the foundation of the College
the docuinions of the Company had been greatly enlarged, and its
obligation proportionally increased, carefully to select the ablest
anti worthiest servants. `Hess, hear.) The lion. Director,
conclusion, conjured tbc Court to give a decided negative to the
motion, which went to the destruction of the noble editice they had
themselves founded, flit the noblest of designs, and which. though
it might. as indeed what human institution did not, labour under
some defects, was yet capable of being made as perfect as any con.
trivatoce of human wisdom admitted of being rendered. (('heers.)
'Mr. TRA It T said, he trusted this question would not be treated
in that Court, as some questions were in other places, when they
had, what were called cabinet questions. Ile hoped it would be
fairly and rationally considered on its intrinsic merits. lle believed
he had had a re recent experience of the state of the civil service
India than any other Proprietor, and from his own knowledge
Le could affirm the uselessness of the compulsory clause as a AMAMI
to' insuring efficient servants in the civil department of the CO4ll-
- duties. As great names had been quoted is the progress of
t..e discussion, and as he wax anxious w give the question a full
conwideration in every point of view, he would refer to lord Cron-
vdle's opinion. Hu Lordship, speaking of an academical insti-
tution for due Indian service, for which he hail been anxious, made
rite hollowing observati 4444 on the patent I:ollege at Hertford :
l'he King's Commissioners forbore to interpose for the prat:c-
lip° ut this admirable Institution; why they did so, I know not,
and I greatly lament it. l'he plan was, therefore, limited and
•motilated; and it exists now only as a wreck of its tint noble
ce.ign.
s"fhe deficiency was. lowever, acknowledged, and a separate
College has been entaldinheil in England, for the trluuatinn of the
young melt destined tor India. It I speak of this plan as I think rat
with strong ,disamintinition and regret, kg it not be inferred
that I isbj..•et to any degree of attetition which can be given, even to
We widest instruction and discipline of those who are destined for
Indian service..-fm from it. No nun will more rejoice in this than
1 shall _nuu man more zealously contend for its advantage. But
I aver can persuade myself that it was justifiable to form a sepa-
rate establishment in England. It may be doubted at what age
those youths may MOGI advantageously be sent to India. But up
to the latest moment of their niatinuanee in this country, be that
period what it may, I see the strotocest possible reasons agoinst their
Leong separated in education from die young men of their own age
sod @titian in life. Instead of forming them beforehand into an
occlusive dawn into linug resembling a distinct cast of men,
deemed to administer government in remote provinces, they ought,
shove all other public servants, to receive. so twig as they con-
tinue in England, an education purely English. Instead of re.
meting, we should, I think, have embraced with eagerness the ed-
vaousge which our great inland. and Universities would have af.
!itesluel to them fin this purpose: that they might learn there, I trust,
with not less facility Won elsewhere, the elements of whatever
s•oetices yoo could wish Went to possess; that in addition to.
Wear., they might find theme, sod there only could they find, that
hest of all education to a public man, which tonne the wind to
wanly exertion and honourable feeling--the education which young
ua receive from each other its the numerous and noised society of
their equals. collected from various classes of our ei 11111111 l nitr, and.
destined to various ways of life; that they might there be imbued
wait the deepest tincture of' English masiii.rs sod English attach-
nients--of Loglish principles—and, I am not afraid in this case,
to say, oho of English prejudices; an I that they might airy out
with them from thence to India remembran:es and alfietions, not
local only,-but personal—recullections mot merely of the scenes,
but of the roilividools endeared to them by early habits, mixed
with the indelible impression of those high sentiments and virtu-
ous principles, which, I am happy to thank, float in the very at-
itsausphere of our public places of education, and contribute much
more, I think, than is commonly supposed, to all on which we
mest value ourselves in our motorist character."

that he should colour the facts rather highly. On cool reficetion It
was impossible that any titan could believe that the British Empire
in India could have been administered either safely or succesofidly
by such agents as Lord ki'ellesley bad described the civil servants
of his day to be. One objection which he (Mr. Tacna had to the
college at Ilertford, was its incompetency to answer the purpose.
for which it was established. He would ask the Iliairman whether
the Bengal Government had not lately applied fur s considerable
augmentation of writers? He believed they had. That was the
etmsequence of the compulsory clause? There were now only 21
students at llailcybury who had kept three terms; therefore, for
six months to come the Company could only send out that number.
Would it not be much better to leave the patronage of the Coin.
pany open to fair competition ? What ground of alarm was there
that the nitverdtint were unable to educate public servants ter
India as well as for England ? From whence came the statesmen
he British Empire had been governed? It was from
'Cambridge that Mr. Pitt was taken, and, as it were, at once placed
at the head of the ad • • ation of the empire. Oxford had pro.
duced the 3larquis %Vent-sky, the Marquis of 'lasting's, Mr. Can-
ning, the late President of the !fiord of Control, and Lord Gren-
ville, the first President of that body which immediately superin-
tended the Indian government. Ile (31r. T.) would prefer to take
a young man from Oxford or Cambridge, well versed in general
literature, with an opportunity of grounding nimself in the oriental
languages, rather than any student educated in this college, spe-
cially set apart fur Indian knowledge. Ile spoke from the result of
his observation and experience in India.
The Honourable Member t:,en quoted the following extract from
the (leerier/a lirvirw foe Apnl, 1817:
" I tempted, indeed, as the students are at the English ('allege,
with the simultaneous pursuit of several branches of European
learning and science, and compelled, as they are, to accomplish
their whole course within the short space of two years, it would be
preposterous to expect that their acquirentents in the Oriental
languages should, for the most part, be considerable; or, with re-
ference to the extent and difficulty of those languages, should even
reach mediocrity. We hesitate nut to ray, that ID the sense de-
' scribed they ought not to reach this limit. They should, as was
observed in an early part of these observations, be purely rudi-
mental. Oriental literature, at any seminary established for the
l'ompany's servants in England, is to be considered rather as an
appendage, though an important one, than as a principal, and
should be pursued in careful subservience to those European studies
which constitute the and primary business of such a place.
in this view we cannot unequivocally disapproving of what
has been established at the present college, under the name of the
hiental Test, though it appears to have been originally suggested
by Mr. Malthus hinuielf. AS an indispensable condition of leave
to proceed to India, the students are required to attain a certain
given degree of proficiency in I hiental learning, and in this alone.
But let there be a general test, or none at all. There is no reason
why one particular branch of study should thus be promoted in pre-
ference to the rest ; and if one BOOK be preferred, there are good
reasons why that one should not be t hientul literature. The truth
is, that Oriental literature has already sufficient encouragement,
from the prospect of the distinctions conferred on it in the college
at Calcutta, and this is precisely the rag 1111 l ent against distinguish-
ing it by peculiar honours in the college at Ilertfonl."
ii ith respect to the expulsions front the college, he was glad to
remark, that the amount had diminished from four per cent. t•
which it had formerly reached, to two and a half per cent. which
was the latter average. While he was at Eton there In been no
expulsion at au. There must therefore he come radical difference
in the constitution of this college, which rendered all attempts to'
saidmilate it to the public schools and universities abortive the not-
meld the question was reduced to arithmetical computation. If the
college was to be continued, the professors ought certainly to have
the full power of expulsion vested in their hands. The question ,
was exceedingly important, and he felt that the floe. Mover had
aced rightly in declining to sweetie to the suggestion of the Chair at
the commencement of the discussion on Wednesday. He hoped
that some definitive 'volution would that day be adopted. As to
the morality of the college, which had been so highly vaunted, he
01/11finscil he was sorry to differ widely from those who had de-
scribed it as the happy valley, front which care and vice were ha.
niched. Ile had visited it in the hope of finding it a kind of'
sequestered abode of innocence and happiness, but he found the
county of Hertford no more congenial to the growth of virtue titan
these in which the universities were situated. The fashionable and
destructive vice of gaining was prevalent there to an alarming
pitch ; and generally the college. in matters of vice, was not behind'
any of our univenons. lie would not dispute that some of the
students came forth well qualified ; but the retie was stated on the
other aide as if it was all mire guild without alloy. When in India
he had acted with and ovei some young men educated at the college I
Ilaileybury, who were fully competent to their duties, but he had
also met with others whom he should never have suspected of hav-
ing been at any college at all, if he had not known that they had
passed their terms at Ilaileybury. The lion. Proprietor then ad.
ruled to the particular case of an individual, who, having spread
contagion at the college, was now engaged in a similar career in
ladle. (What was the date of his appointnient
The Co A I MAN said, the matter to which the Hon. Proprietor
alluded was a case of notoriety behind the bar, and he misted he
would abstain from stating any particulars that might go forth to
the public.
Mr. TRANT resumed. Ile again referred to the inadequacy of
the college to supply die dentand for civil servants. (1n the 18th of
July last, 3lr. Adam, the Governor-General, in an address on the
distribution of prises and honorary rewards at Fort William,
observed.—
" The exigencies of the public service and the consequent de-
mands for public officers to carry on the indispensable business of
the llovernment, must always have a powerful influence on the
affairs of the college. Those exigencies have, for some years past,
compelled us to test satisfied with a scale of distinction, somewhat
below that to which we might naturally and reasonably aspire under
• different state of circoniatances.
" The facilities which, in order to meet this urgent demand,
have been alliirded to the students of leaving college on proof of
their competence hie the public service, not merely at the half.
yearly examination, but at intemtel•ate iseriods, necessarly operate
to prevent the attainment in college of that proficiency which would
otherwise be manifested by many of them.'
It thus appeared that the necessities of the Indian Government
hurried the students in an immature state. Ile agreed with the
lion. Mover, that a public examination would remove all the ob-
jections arising from the repeal of the compulsory clause, and con.
stitute a sufficient check against abuse in the disposal of the corn-
"" patronage lie should thetetore support the motion cordially,
satitfies that no alteration could do harm, as things as they were
could hardly be wont as to the education f the civil servants of the
company in India. (Hear, bear, hear.)
Mr. BENS said, there were many in that Court who deprecated
the discussion of this question. lie believed the professors did; but
he did nut, because it was in his opinion right that the constituent
body should keep a vigilant eye on the executive. The first fact he
would refer to was, that in neither of the Governments of Madras,
Bengal, or Bombay. was there one individual educated at Bailey-
bury college. The lion. Director then traced the rise of the Com-
pany's power in India, and the history of their government. The
latter 40 years of that period, compared with the former, was mere
play and trifling. All the difficulties of the establishment of the
empire in India had been encountered and overcome by men who had
sot received the supposed benefits of a peculiar education. If the I
question were siniply whether the t'ompany's servants should be
educated or ignorant, no man could hesitate, and he confessed that
when the College was originally proractl, he was one of its
wannest adviasites. Ile was caught with the speciousness of its I
kplan ; but he should betray his duty to the Court if he did not ac- :
nowledge that his experience of what had passed had shaken his
opinion. lie telt obliges' to the Ilan. Proprietors by whom the I
Court had been convened, for giving hint an opportunity of avow-
ing his altered sentiments. No man denied the advantages of edu-
cation ; but did it follow that a sufficient education could be had at ,
Ilen ford only ? When the college was established, oriental litera-
ture was little cultivates!. Now there were many persons able and
willing to teach it. There was this distinguishing feature in
Ilaileybury Cullege. There was not, as at the Universities, a
series of graduates connected together by the class of private tutors;
the undergraduates looking not only to the honors.y degree, but
also to the lucrative benefits of the itstitution. At Ilaileybury the
terms were passed, because they were compulsory t but as soon as
the certibeate of qualification was obtained, the College was die.
regarded, and became as nothing in the opinion of' the student. Tell I
lion. Ditector then examined the course of studies pursued at
Ilaileybury. The lectures occupied wine of the professors four
hours* week, some five hours, and others nine hours. The amis.
tant professors were occupied ten hours a week. The attendance of '
the students during sonic of the term was over by one or two
o'clock. The remainder of the day was spent, of course, in such
amusements as were more natural to their age, than their expected
retirement like monks to meditation in the cells, The College
Committee hail proposed the institution of evening lectures, but
the professors, through their outer elii refused -to accede to the at-
nutgement.
Sir Uniting ROBINSON rose to order. The lion. Director
was bound to confine himself to arguments on the question, and,
should refrain from attacking the characters of the professors I
who were absent, and therefore unable to vindicate themselves.
Mr. It. JACKSON said, if the Honourable Baronet's point of
order were tenable for a moment, the discussion could not go
mi. unless the Company made the professors proprietors; for
otherwise, according to the board posted at the door, they were
not admissible. The conduct of the professors was part of the
question.
'flee Com a NAN held that the Hon. Director was not in order.
Ile was alluding to matters not regularly before the Court.
After a few weird. from the Iliniourable D. KINNAIRD, Sir
G. ROPINsON, Mr. PATTISON. and Mr. K. Jacasost,
Mr. Itten remount. As an inatunce of the practical results
of the habits acquired at Ilaileybury College, be proceeded to
feral wine vitriol, of letters rkrelVoll front a WOW educated
there, Anil now in India. Ile was deeply in debt, and paying
sixteen lice cent assurance and interest. lie divided the writers
into four classes : the first deeply-involved class contained those
who were in debt from 2.00011. to 10,0001. ; the second, or much
involved, from 1,0001. to 3,111101. : the third ; or slightly
involvetl, from 100 i. to 111100 i. ; and the fourth, who were not at
all involved. but entirely free from debt, and worth a little nos.
IA latish.) In the first class there were eighteen, nearly
a majority of the whole; in the second eleven, of which this
writer warn one ; in the third eight ; and in the fourth only three.

After reading this attract, it might perhaps be considered his (Ileer, beer Aim.) The writers of four year, standing were gc-
bed policy to sit down—for reams inure sonclusise' or better ex. nerally muck ia debt, for which they were paying fourteen per
pressed, he could hardly hope to bring forward. I' such an cent. assurance and interest. He (Mr. Debbi had passed twenty.
•iodiridUal they ought to be decisive. Much strata had been laid on seven years in the civil service in India, and knew the eiLellent
the cel braied Minute of Council by the Marquis Wellesley ; but moral qualities of the people of that country. The attempts
though he had a great regard for that noble person, he had a greater made to aduniniate them proceeded from those on:y who had
regard He did not wish to charge the Noble Lord with viewed them with jaundiced eyes. Ile tilt it his duty to serve
lirepresent the state of the civil servants of them ; and he sincerely believed he could not do so more eke-
, but it ought not to be forgotten, while the wally than by exposing the evils of this establishment. The
I read, that Lord Wellesley had to make out lion. Director then adverted to the Statute of Selection, by which
.penditure of half a million of money an the the protestors are empowered to choose any number of students
at Fort William. It vas !Waal, chador% wheat they may suspect of bang the most guilty of any violation

of academic discipline. and unless they conkers, expel them, tinder
the penalty of never re-admitting them. This statute was con-
ceived in the spirit of the Spanish Inquisition. It was a disgrace to
the Court by which it had been proposed—to the Board by which it
had been approved—and to the nation at large to which they belong-
ed. lie acknowledged that he shared deeply in the disgrace, having
been a member of the executive when it was enacted. lie felt re-
morse that he had not protested against it, but he trusted he would
be allowed to plead as a palliative of his offence, that he assented
to it in the expectation that it would tend to prevent the commis-
, slot) of outrages. Ile knew nut in whose niind it had originated ;
but he was sure that its author was only prevented by the temper
of the times from resorting to the rack. (Ilear, hear, hear.) He
!approved of the proposed application to Parliament, because the
repeal of the compulsory clause would eeneet the evils of the
College. Students then, if bound %alined for the place, would, as
elsewhere, be advised to withdrutl.'and their parents would assent,
if they could, without forfeiting the patronage of the Company.
Ile implored the Court, as they wished well to the millions en.
trusted to their government in India, to remove the evils which
originating here led to danger and misery there. (Cheers.)

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE'.

FRENCH PAPERS.

Mr. ROBERT (;RAPT said, that though the discussion could
never be unattended with mischievous consequences, they would
have less reason to deprecate it if it were conducted in the spirit in
which the Honourable Mover had introduced it. It was an ex-
tremely serious question. He could not concur in the motion, be-
cause he was satisfied that the system proposed to be substituted
would prove inefficient. It was not possible to send the question
before Parliament with the proposed alternative. In whatever
terms the Court might send it before Parliament, the question they
would consider would be the general question. The instant the
clause was repealed, Parlizunent would consider for themselves
what substitute they should enact. He had heard the statutes of
the College represented as absurd, unjust, and tyrannical. The
complaints which had been vaguely rumoured in other places, had
received a full and minute specification in the speech of the vener-
able Director (Mr. Hebb). The only proposition actually betore
the Court was, w halter a certain clause, making it obligatory to attend
at the College a certain time, should be repealed ? ne general evils
of the institution were not, therefore, the subject of debate, unless
it could be 'hewn that they necessarily emanated from the com-
pulsory clauses. If they did, was it not the duty of those who
complained to set on foot an alteration or amendment of the
statutes of die College, by proposing that the Court of Direc-
tors should take Mem specifically into consideration ? Ile was
anxious not to enlarge upon the question before them, but when,
he heard a law, recommenied by dip majority of the Court of
Directors, and approved by the I.keid of Contrail stigmatized
as conceived in the spirit of t/te Spanish Inquisition, and its
author an possessing a mind that. would hev..: resorted to torture,
hr felt that he must deviate from the line within which he
should be happy to confine himself, to repel so extraordinary •
charge. Ile would refer the inquiry shortly to two points:—
First, had the Institution, in any fair degree answered the pur-
poses for which it was Intended ? Secondly, was there any rea-
sonable probability that those purposes would be better answered
by the substitute proposed? If the Institution had simmered the
purposes for which it was intended, there arose &strong presumption
that it ought not to be altered. If the proposed substitutes could
not answer those purposes, there arose an irresistible presumption
agaiust that particular change. It had been asserted, that the in.
%tit ut ion had completely failed ; and facts were appealed to in cor-
roboration of the assertion. lie had been taunted with his relic.:
lions seven years ago, and asked what he had now to say in their
defence ? It would be well if in this, as in other arguments, the
disputants commenced by defining their terms. The question here
was, what was the criterion of success ? Ile had presumed to pre.
did it confidently ; but in what sense 1,--as a 'dace of probation--
as forming a standard of qualification—as fixing a test to discri-
minate merit. But did he predict of the college that it would be a
place of probation in which there would be no failures,—as form-
ing a standard of qualification which everybody would reach,—as
fixing a test that would discriminate nobody,—meant to distin.
guish merit, but cakultaed to reject none? (Hear, hear, hear.)
It had been objected, that Lord Wellesley had added a shade to
his graphic delineation of the state of the civil service before the in-
stitution of the college of fort William ; but there could be no
' doubt that the present state of that service was higher as to
integrity, ability, public spirit, disinterestedness, mental il-
lumination and efficiency to discharge their duty than at any
runner period. That body never possessed a greater, never indeed
so great, a share of merit, or was in a course of more rapidly pro-
gressive improvement. The civil servants of the Company were
such a set as it would be difficult to rival throughout the world.
This progressive improvement was owing to the energy of the Go.
' vernment at home and abroad, to the overflow of public opinion
from this part of the world to that, to the improved regulations of
the service, and in particular that by which no civil servant was al.
lowed to employ any creditor in hie office. There were other causes
which grew out of the nature of a self.improving system, but which
nobody could particularly assign. They resembled those delicate
plants that grew wild in a flue climate, without any one being able
to assign the particular cause of their production. Of this talent
15-7ths was supplied from the college at Haileybury. If they admitted
the hnproyement,anild they contend that the feederof this great sup.
ply of talent could be as impure and corrupt as it had been described?
He would not rest upon this arithmetical refutation of the calumny.
There was this remaining circumstance, of which ne had • right to
avail himself :—at format periods the improvement had descended
from the higher to the lower departments of the service, but now it
was rather ascending. The testimony of Lord Minto and Lord
Hutinp, though they might mistake the cause, were decisive as
to the fact. Yet it was maintained, that though the civil servants
of the Company learned nothing but mischief before they go. to
India, yet when there, it appeared they dispensed mercy and jus-
tice in a manner most honourable to them. The Honourable and
Larval Proprietor then read an extract of a letter front Mr. Ster-
ling in which he stated that the scenes of riot and extravagance
formerly prevailing among the writers had disappeared, and
that prudence and economy were becoming fashionable virtues.
Another letter be had left at home, written by the young man, on
whose information the venerable Director (Mr. Hebb) had relied.
If he had brought it with him, on comparing notes he had no
doubt of altering his conviction. The lion. and Learned Proprie-
tor then referred to the progress made in India by the students from
the college of Haileybury. Even in the time of the Marquis Wel-
lesley the advantages of education were not unconfirmed or unac-
knowledged. In reference to the subject the Noble Lord had
stated :

" The study and acquisition of the languages have, however,
b
een extended in Bengal; and the general knowledge and qualifi-
cations of the civil servants have been improved. The proportion
of the civil servants, who have made • considerable progress to.
wards the attainment of the qualifications requisite in eth several
stations, appears great and even astonishing, when viewed with re.
gard to the early disadvantages, anboxrastmenut, and defects of the
civil service.

.....
But it was argued that the College at Haileybury was useless,
because In 'listen or seventeen years it had not produced a (lover. '
nor ! He admitted the fact. It was not reasonable to have ex.
petted otherwise; but fur their standing, It would be found that
the most important stations were filled by the distinguished students
of Ilaileybury. There was another short proof of their profici-
ency, and not the worse, perhaps, because it was indirect. The
distinguished students of !'net William were the same as at lisiley-
bury. He would stake the whole question on the opinion enter-
tained by the young men who had gone out from the College. lie
had access to only twenty-six, and their testimony was unanimously
in its favour. In June, 1817, the Marquis of Hastings had given
his testimony decidedly as to its success, and again inlAugust
1818 ; and he (Mr. G.) agreed perfectly with the excellent observa-
tions that had been made by an eminent person, and which he
would take the liberty of reading
" 1 conclude, therefore, that the system, in its usual operation.
is good ; that the usual course of management is good ; that
; everything is well.arranged and well-(conducted; in short, that
no blame call be imputed either to the constitution or to the admi.
nistration of the college, but that the origin of the evil to be
accounted for must be sought in something extrinsic, and perhaps
adventitious. Now, in this point, it must be recoibxted, that the
r India college is in some respects very differently situated from all
other institutions of the same species. The generality of collegiate
establishments have been fowided in times of very imperfect illu-
mination, and by an authority which was considered paramount.
They have, therefore, easily acquired an unresisted sway ; and
having begun by being strong in power, have ended with being
strong in opinion, they have become interwoven with all our
national prejudices, and may be said to have struck their
roots into the perpetual rook of the Constitution. Hence
they command the unqualified reverexce of mankind; and any
attemp to shake their authority, much more any attempt to
endanger their existence, would be considered the last extreme of
fully. The India College, on the other hand, has had to contend
with something of those disadvantages that are experienced by a
government established in times of light and liberty, in times
when almost every man has an opinion, a voice, and a pen. It ne-
cessarily wants all that hold on the public mind, which is the
' growth of prescription and antiquity; that is, it wants one most
impuriant it ty for the preserves on of discipline and the prevention
of designs of tumult. A student of evil dispositions, and we must
expect a mixture of such in every numerous assemblage of indivi-
duals, may he led to entertain the idea that even s.:project of over-
setting the establishment is not wholly out of reach : and, at all
events, when a crisis of' any kindarises, an institution like this is
iletictist in the means of overawing disturbance."
The Hon. and Learned Proprietor then enumerated several in-
stat.ces of the success of the students from Haileybury. Of live
Civil Secretaries of Calcutta three were from Ilaileybury, the
oldest of whom had nut been there seventeen years. Of four at
' Madras, two were front Ilaileybury; and the same number at Bom-
bay. The first student who set his foot in India was immediately
promoted ; and on his deeesie lately, the settlement had entered
into a subscription to commemorate his talents and virtues by a
statue to his honour. There were three objects which it was hoped
to answer by a collegiate education.—literary instruction, the forma-
tion of good habits, and the acquisition of valuable friendships
and We each of these, lie contended, no better place than the College
at Ilaileybury could be devised. The lion. and Learned Proprie-
tor titen proceeded to examine minutely in detail the system of
education, which, he contended, was as perfect as could be framed.
The inherent evil of the institution was the value of the ap-
pointments, which would always seduce the friends of the
expelled student to appeal to every tribunal from which
they could hope fur either justice Or revenge. Ile concluded
a very long, able, and eloquent s....ech, by exhorting the
Court not to abandon a system of education so beneficial on
account of inconveniences not to be avoided, and in search of ad-
vantages that were unattainable. ( general burst of applause
followed the Hon. and Learned Gentleman's speech.)
Dr. PATTERSQN then Mee to move an adjournment of the
debate till that dm( se'nnight. He esid, that at that hour (half.
past five o'clock) It was impossible that the lion. Mover could
reply with effect.
The Court was then adjourned till Friday Deal, for the further
consideration of this question.

The Paris Journals of Wednesday morning and evening
arrived yesterday :
The Monitevr contains two Royal Ordinances, the first ap-
pointing the Presidents of sonic of the Electoral Colleges; and
the second for dividing the Court of Assizes for the department
of the Seine into two sections, which will be simultaneously oc-
cupied, and thus expedite business.
Baron d'Emles, the Captain-General of Catalonia, entered
Barcelona on the 14th inst. accompanied only by an escort of
fifteen cavalry. On his arrival lie issued a Proclamation to the
14arcelonians.

A letter of the 16th inst. from Muccilles states that the Spanish'
general Villaeamoa had arrived in that port; it is said he has
asked permission to reside there.
(From the Afositear..—Non-offieial part.l

BARCELONA, FEN. 14. '
On the 7th of this month, a great pan of the Commanders and
Officers of the Constitutional Amiy left this city, with nn unlimit,
eil leave of absence, going to their native places, nor is there at
this moment any thing said of pay, or of any kind of indemnity
or allowance.

This order contained an exception in favour of those who are
natives of Barcelona, or of its district : as for the latter, they must
choose a residence in this city, or at least in one of those which are
accounted the most in favour of royalty. This measure includes
the officers who have been allowed to retire since March 7, liett.
Paris, Fen. `2l.
The article Bayonne, inserted in the Ilfoodirtir of Saturday last,
needs wane correction. Count Florida performed his journey to
Paris with a passport signed b the Count d'flfalia, Minister for
Foreign Affairs to his Catholic. Majesty, by the King's permission,l
which passport was countersigned by the French Ambassador at'
31adr:d. Count Florida Bianca has been at Paris since the 17th I,
inst. and has nut met with the least difficulty oe delay in fulfilling
.he fbrutalitiot required by the police regulations relative to
strangers.
From the EVffe of Thursday.]
l'an is, FER. 23.
. . .

News from Ronne of the 12th has been received The
health of the l'opc in daily becoming stronger. On the 9th his
Ito-
heess was pleased to receive a deputation from the town of Ma-
t2lica with his accus:onittl kindness.
. . . . .

It is affirmed that the marriage of the Archduke Francis Charles
is speedily to take place. and that this Prince will reside at Milan.
Prince Cafforedo, it is said, is to ask the hand of the Printua of
Ikvaria.

taougn nenau a great rq
regard for truth. lie dii
designing wilfully to nil.
te Company in India, I
iJuiecame toi `
justirtiyn e
thewelasper
.entraul of a college at