The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1807-08-21 00:00:00

port states, that the Emperor Napoleon declined the
proposal. saying. that he most leave that business to
his Ministers, as it would be too dangerous for him
to do it himself, not being able to refuse any thing
to the Emperor Al-sunder."—//Bid.)

maim., JULY 2i.

The following Proclamation, addressed by the
King to the subjeas of the ceded provinces, has
been published here :
luu are acquainted, beloved inhabitant' of faithful pra
vinces territaies, and towns, with my serriments, and wsh
the aroma of last year. My arms succumbed under the Pre**
sure of misfortunes, the exertions of the is.t remain: of my
army proved fruitless; famed back to the outermost border: of
the Empire, and even say powerful Ally having judged it no-
cessay to conclude an armistice and peace, nothing remain-
ed with me but the wish to restore tranquillity to mit country ,
after the calamities of war, peace was concluded, as circum-
stances diSated ; the moat painful sacrifices were requital
of myself and my House; what ages and worthy ;ince,*
tors, conventions, love, and confidence, had united, was
to be severed; my eons, the esertions of all who be.
longed to me, were used urn vain. FAO Ilifi.llllS a Father
to part with his children; I release you from al! allegiance to
my person and ray House. My most adept wishes for your
prosperity attend you to your new Sovereign ; be to hint what
yea were to me ; rso fare, no power, can efface from my bosom
and fiana the mind of my family, the remembrance of you.
Memel, July 24, ISJ9. FREDERICK WILLIAM.
(tiani3ergll Careseredrete Avow it.)

TO THE AD7Ui NIIHAL OF HIS
MAJLsrrs FORCES.

FORMATION OF THE ARMY.

• The numerous victories gained by France on the
Continent, are not more memorable than the naval
triumphs of this country on the mein. the French
army. like the navy of 8rit.4.1. has a,sumed
a formation, which produces an energetic activity.
unknown to the rest of the w.lrld. When Isq un-
known. I have no kilt!)t of there being rn4:lv pei-
sons, as w;211 as iny.elt, who inti.t ha., perceived
the great advantages which have resui• d to the
aims of France from the French formation hut
it does not appear to be generally nod:mood. or
even to be admitted. Nations, like individuals,
proceed from day to day in their maid course, and
are evet unwilling to hear of their own defeats, or
the perfection of others.
If maxims are established which are erroneous,
and systems pursued that are obsolete, it argues
either ohstinacy in not adopting those which are
more tiScietat. or inability to remove them. The
remarkable vidories gained by the Romans over
moltiwdes of Ihrbarians, can be ascribed to no-
dal& but the superior excellence in the composition
of their troops t and it has been the went of genius
in the formation of the C intinental armies, which,
in a great measure, has lost the Balance of Eu-
rope.

Oa opening the Campaign in 1805, the move-
ment of the French array was as novel as unez-
peiffed. And its ra, I :sty, owing principally to its
for ,tats a, aktonisli.: l and at the same time totally
diseemerted the Austrian Generals. The Corps
of which the French army was composed, marched,
or rather Hew, by different routes, atd surrounded
Mack's unwieldy mass at Ulm; and the conse-
quence was, not only the defeat and surrender of
that army, but the subsequent successes, which ter-
minated Witt. the battle Austerlitz.

The progress of n in that campaign, one
should have awn: ill • c.mcludel, would have been
a lesson to Pru..i.i Not at al.! Tne same tning
happened previous to the battle of Jena Fom this
principle of formation, the Prussian A ~.k was tut nest.
and Pt Ince Ifohenlohe WAS three days making a retro-
grade movement, with the left wing, endeavour
to avert the nsislortanes which afterwards betel
the whole army, from its sluggish formation, and
the tedious and tiresome t laics of the last century.
What has happened since it The French army
has been moving by corps with almost unii.terrupted
success since last Oaober ; and without enumerat-
ing the various operations from that time till the
conclusion of the war. I shall observe, that the rapid
removal of the head-quarters to Tilsit, and the cor-
responding movements connected with it, are a won-
derful proof of most extraordinary activity, arising
from the formation of the army. At the battle of
Friedland, the three corps of Monier. Lames and
Ney, were principally engaged; whilst De Berg's,
Souk's, and Davoust's. manoeuvred on the left to-
wards Lo.iingsberg—Ney's corps, even by the ac-
count in the French bulletin, was beaten, and if
the RA:siert had been eqa..lly a manoeuvring as a
fighting army, formed upon the French principle,
they would have taken the advantage of this mo-
ment of success, and viaory might have.decided in
their favour.

We are apt to attribute to adventitious causes,
events that may be accounted for on the most sim-
ple principles. The superiority of France in the
field has arisen from a confidence placed in a num-
ber of Gencrali, who have commanded the dif-
ferent corps of the army, and the peculiar forma-
tion of it. Each corps is a small army of itself,
calculated either to sull independently or conj •intly ;
guided constantly by the same leader, and ani-

LON DON,
FRIDAY, Avausr

We have received Altona, Hansburgh, and Paris
Papers to the I2th, and Dutch to the 16th instant.
Utley notice our Expedition to the Baltic, and boast
the hostile measures in contemplation against this
country. " 'foe ports of Prussia," they say, " are
already shut to all Englisls ships ; Russia will
do the same ; and, joining arms to the Persians,
attack our possessions in the East Indies, should
England refuse to agree to the terms of peace carved
out for her in the conferences at Tilsit; and as to
Denmark, there is no doubt, in that case, she will
follow the example of the other two powers." How-
ever loose and general these threats are, we
must presume. from the enslaves state of the
Continental Press, that they are not lightly made.
Such then is the storm brewing in the North, which
Our Expedition was sent out to avert Or todispeise. In
this state of things we only anti:ipate the designs of
France by endeavouring to occupy Zealand ; and as
it must have yielded to the one or the other, without
Battery to the charaSer of England, we way pre-
sume that the Danish Government would give her the
preference. We only want Zealand for cur security
against temporary and pressing dangt r, and can
restore it to the owner when that danger has passed '
away. Its permanent possession is essential to the
boundless ambition and extravagant views of Boma-
r Aar c. Zealand in his hands would become the key
of the Baltic.

A change has taken place in the French Ministry.
M. CHAMP ACHY, late Minister for the Home De-
partment, is appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs,
in the room of 'fikLutra•tio, who is appointed
Vice Grand Elsetor of the Enspirc I Bait-rots* is
appointed Grand Constable of France, and Gantral

•
CLARE! Minister of war; BERTRIE% and Tatter.
RAND have been considered the head and 11.. a.:
Bomar ARTS, and his principal favourites, a. well
most useful agents. It is probasle, theretJre, that
these changes are preparatory to new hol.)1:t
which await them, in compensation for their fw.ner
services. The life of TALLRY R AND has been r;t
less anxious and laborious than On of 80...
CARTE himself, and it has been said, that !.•
has been, for some time. desirous of retiriz.g
from the fatigues of business. His sitc:essor,
CH A PAGNY, was formerly Amsassador at
and one of the Plenipotentiaries who ccn.
dated the negotiation with the Earl of LALuc:•
DAL' last summer. He is a man of good tease
and respeaable charaaer. but not supposed to
possess the superior talents universally ascribed to
his predecessor. Were Boma/islets a Dim stk.
fluencei by his Ministers, his appointment
might be considered (avowable to Peace.
The Moniker of the I Ith of August conta:ns
lung string of Resolutions of the Govern-1r or!
ICouncil General of the Bank of France, er'asc,l•
begins thus :

" The Council General of the Bank of France ce.itdertig.
" That the peace given to the Continent giver riii4l to
h•rpe a general peace, and promisee a great extent t.) Frzlicia
commerce;

" That the object of the institution of the sink nto llvv:r
the eircuiation of Caintahr, and he linwering th • tat,: of ,nter:it
liirengliti•it the whole French Empire;
That to give to its operations al, the ftv'li of winch they
ars susceptible, the increase of Capital rlecr.red by the taw of
the 2t. of Apr,l, is become necessary ;"
It is then Resolved,
" That there shall be an haste of 45,erio shares of the 11.,,1t
of France, at 1,,t00 litres per share."
The whohl concludes with a resolution, that frem
Monday the 10th of August. 1807, interest sball sc
reduced to 4 per cent. per annum.
The French funds continue to • improve. T' e
Five per Cents. were on the 4th of August 8.4 r. On
tie Bth they were 871 fr.
The Hamburgh Papers contain an affeeting Fate-
well Address from the King of Pa ussi•, to the In.
habitants of his Provinces, ceded by the Treaty of
Tilsit. It speaks tire language of a parent tak-
ing leave of his children. It expresses feeliags
aggravated by the refleSion, that if he had acted
with spirit and energy in the late war bctweta
France and Austria, all the calamities with which
the Continent has been since afflicted, might hate
been avoided. and he might have been hailed the
Deliverer of Europe, instead of being pitied as
one of its greatest sufferers.

It is reported that Mr. JACKSON had order, not
to proved the Negociation with the Prince Regent
Of DENMARK. beyond the 15th ionant. Should Ws
proposal not be acceded to by that time, it wag us.
derstood that the fi,tce in the Baltic, as soon as offi-
cial advice was receiveJ of its rejeßion, would
commence operations against Copenhagen.
The damage done is the Dockyard at Chatl.am,
by the fire on Monday, does not exceed 5001.
The lion. Fa sec's Guav is appointed Postmaster
General for Scotland. Mr. GRANT, woo previously
received the office, having tea
It is reported that Lord ( 01.t.INOWOOD has re.
aired orders to look alter the Ilu-si in fi:et in toe
Mediterranean, as Admiral Gast ales hai gone LJ
prated that of Denmi, k.
The Sieff,Custom-house cutter, Captain Kee LET.
belonging to Rarnsgate, was captured on Tues.!ay
night, by a large French lugger privateer, about a
league to the northward of the North Sand He2ls.
The crew of the Swift effeded their escape to those ;
one of them was wounded.

Mr. Vsaeon arrived, on Wednesday, at the Siete-
tary of State's Office, with dispatches from Mcnte
Video. He left the Rio de la Plata on the 2J ofJane,
in the A 1144 armed ship. and brings a confirmation
of the arrival of General Ca•ue on's Expeditioo
in that River ; and that it was the intention 6i
General WNITBLISCIti to proceed from Monte
Video on the 4th of June, to attack Buenos Ayres.
From the several accounts which had berm received.
by private information, and by deserters, the con-
quest of Buenos Ayres was not expeßed to pave
an enterprise of much difficulty.
Yesterday the Csi•scar.zos of the Excuatanst
received Biddings for a Lottery of 20,000 Tickets,
200,0001. value, in Prizes, on A new plan ; that ;s,
there is to be an after.drawing, or Supplementary
Lottery, which is not to con.ist of nno:e than
100,0001. or less than 50,0.)01. in Prises, whir...!
Supplementary Lottery is to be taken out of ti.e
900,0001. The first Lottery to finish drawing he-
tween the 9th and 16th of November, and the Snr
pigmentary Lottery to be finished on the £nb e
November. The Bidding: were as under s--
Twergricid and Showell . - L.ll IS
Richardson sod Swift • - 1? V I,
Hensley and Polley • . - 14 4
and Nesbitt - - 16 0
Cope 16 4
Itiwi and Branscomb - - 15 IS C
lhe Payments to be as under:
Depesti, August 25th . .1,.1 I
C
September 9th - S t, 0
Scouting, 30th - C 0 U
Three days before Drawing - - 69 6

L 17 Ii e
Dispatches were yesterday received from (Assad
F , at Alezandri.s. dated May 30. He hal
been teinforcA by two Regiments from Sicily. the
52d and another. We are happy to Add, that pro-
visions were abundant. The enemy had *hews so
disposition to at. ask Aleasndria, the tortifieatioas
at which had been considerably strengtheaA. but
they bad collected between 7000 and 803 u men nrar
Rosetta. Our Prisoners at Ciro were in general is
good heath) . and tre.tted with kindness. Several
messages h .d passed between General F sssss and
the Petcsa respetting them.