The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-01-31 00:00:00

AUSTRIA

VIENNA, Jan. 27.
The great question of the day in this part of the
world is, whether the general and complete amnesty
granted by the Emperor to political offenders in-
cludes those persons who, having been condemned to
death in contumaciam, were executed in effigy. The

general opinion is that the amnesty does not include
the individuals in question, " as they are dead in
the eye of the law," but several of the most dis-
tinguished lawyers in this city maintain that exe-
cution in contumaciam is "a mere legal formality,"
as is to be seen by the subjoined three paragraphs,
which are taken from the Str•af-Prozess Ordnung
(Instructions how to proceed in criminal processes).
Par. 392: As soon as sentence has been passed on an
absent person, or on a fugitive, such sentence is to be made
publicly known in the following manner. On the spot in
which public punishment is usually,inflicted a post is to
be put up—or, if sentence of death has been passed, a
gallows—and to it the sentence is to be affixed, so that
passers by may easily read without being able to remove
or destroy it," &c.
Par. 393 : As detrimental legal consequences arise from
condemnation to punishment for crime, the sentence is to
be put into execution without loss of time, in as far as
that can be done during the absence of the person con-

demned. •
Par. 394: If the fugitive should subsequently be
arrested, the bill of indictment is to be communicated to
him, and he is to be proceeded against in the usual way
without regard being paid to the sentence passed during
his absence.

As the paragraph last quoted clearly shows that
a person executed in effigy is not "dead in the eye
of the law," all those persons who were concerned

n the rebellion in the Lombard) Venetian kingdom

in the years 1848 and 1849 are included in the
Imperial amnesty. My ingenious legal friends also
make a very grwit" differetree between a general

amnesty and a.geoeral pardon. By an amnesty they
understand " an act of oblivion or obliteration," by
a pardon, " a mere remission of penal: y." The fore-
going information will probably be of little interest
to the majority of your readers, but it is morally
certain that it will be extremely acceptable to some
few of them. The clemency displayed by the
Emperor to his Italian subjects has revived the
courage of the Magyars, and they now express
their conviction that a general amnesty will slob be
proclaimed in Hungary. According to the Deutsche
Allgentline Zeitung, His Majesty will visit some of
the great European Courts during the summer,
instead of going to Hungary, but men in office say
that the statement is incorrect. The magnanimity of
His Majesty has not given satisfaction to all parties,
and the Volksfreund, the organ of the Jesuits, has
taken no further notice of the important news from
Milan than to insert the official despatch which
contained it. It is to be supposed that the three
Ministers have received orders to prolong their
stay at Milan, as messengers were sent to Milan
with despatches for them on Sunday, the 25th
instant.

In his reply to the speech addressed to him on
the 21st, by Baron Burger, in his quality of Presi-
dent of the Central Congregation of Milan, the
Emperor said, he hoped the Congregation would
" openly and freely communicate to his Govern-
ment the wishes and necessities of the different
provinces of Lombardy?' The Austrian and Sar-
dinian reports are so contradictory that the foreign
public must be in doubt whether the reception
given to their Majesties at Milan was good or the
reverse; but those persons who best know this
government feel assured that it is well satisfied
with the results of the Emperor's journey. Austria
is an e*tremely vindictive Power, and a general
amnesty would certainly not have been granted
if the Italians had misbehaved themselves
during the presence of their Majesties among
them. It is rumoured that • the army is
about to undergo a reduction of 60,000 men,
and military men gave credit to the report. Yes-
terday evening there was another soiree olansante
at the hotel of the British Embassy. Among the
guests were the Archduke William, the Princes
and Princesses Liechtenstein, the Duke and
Duchess of Saxe Oohurg (Kohary), and the
different members of the diplomatic corps.
According to direct advices of the 17th from St.
Petersburg, Count Morny and his bride will hardly
leave for Paris before the month of May. The
newly married couple were to have left soon after
the marriage, which took place on Wednesday, the
21st, but de Morny received instructions to
postpone his departure. It is generally related
that the British and French troops are to be with.
drawn from Greece in April or May, but the Greeks
are evidently somewhat afraid that the occupation
will be prolonged. A few weeks since, the Greek
troops on the frontiers of Thessaly wounded end
captured a young robber, of remarkable
effeminate appearance. On being taken to the
hospital: the robber proved to be a Christian girl,
who, two years before, had been carried off from
her family by the Turks. The unfortunate girl,
who was armed with pistols, gun, and yataghan,
had, during the two years of her captivity, been
obliged to share in all the professional enterprises
of the robbers. It is expected that King Louis of
Bavaria will go to Greece in the month of May.
It was only on the Ist of January that the Mol-
davian Bank began its operations at Jassy, and it is
already about to establish a branch bank at Galatz.
The Vienna Credit Bank has been established some
14 or 15 months ago, and it has until now done
nothing but appoint its three directors and
speculate on 'Change. Mr. Richter,- the principal
director of the Credit Bank, went to Pesth a few
days ago, but he is said to have met with little sue-
ungarians still flatter thentselves that
oess, as O A