The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-02-02 00:00:00

THE SOUrii PACiFIC.

We have our files of papers from Valparaiso to
the 16th, and from Callao to the 20:h of December
From Cu!LE we learn that the Republic continues
progressing- peacefully. The President had re-
mov.dd with his family from Santiago to Valparaiso,
.where he was busily englged inspecting the public
improvements. The fine railroad bridges over
the Cucharas, under the superintendence of Mr.
Lloyd, have been finished, and the trains now run
from Valparaiso to Limache. The . line will,
probably, be extended from Tabon to Santiago
speedily. A floating dock has been erected in the
harbour of Valparaiso, capable of admitting ships
of 800 tons. It belongs to a private company. It
will doubtless prove of great value to that port.
Two quays are about beingeonstructed at Coquimbo
by Sr. Vergara and Messrs D. R. Ovalle and Co.
The astronomical labours of Sr. Moesta,
Director of the Santiago Observatory, are
about being published by the government—
It will comprise 4.000 observations of different
celestial bodies. The heiress of Mr. E. Brown
having died without issue, his fortune reverts, by
the terms of his will, to the establishment of an
orphan asylum at Valparaiso. It amounts to about
two hundred thousand dollars. A. savings bank
for government officers has been established at
Santiago. The consolidated sequestrations have
produced during November $508,300. The
mortgage loan bank has issued bills to the
amount of $209,000 during the month.—
The important Consular Convention between
Chili and the United States has been finally
settled and signed by Mr. Starkweather,
Minister, and Don Silvestre Ochagaira, on behalf
of the Chili Government. Two Ministers from
Costa Rica were expected in Chili, their mission
being to organise with Chili and Peru to jointly
oppose filibustering invasions. The advices from
the mining districts are very favourable. The
harvest, which is now at hand, promises to yield
abundantly.
The Valparaiso Markets are dull and fully stocked with
staple goods. Few buyers had appeared, and the Bolivian
trade appears to have been all drawn to Arica:this season.
• There had been large arrivals from Europe during the
fortnight. During November 67,405 qqls. saltpetre had
been shipped from Iquique as follows :—For England,
30,418; for France, 17,263; for Hamburg, 3,848; to order,
15,876. During the eleven months of 1856 there had been
extorted 771,031 qqls , against 813,773 qqls. for the same
period of 1855. The following freights and charters had
been procured, which spews the rates home :—Ocean
Bride, ores from Caldera to Liverpool, .e 3-178 6d ; Minerva,
guano from Chinchas to Havre, 102 frs.; Potosi, nitrate
from Iquique to Liverpool, £3 15'5 ; Tyrer, guano from
Bolivia to Liverpool, ,c 3 10x ' • Mindanao, guano from
Chinchas to Great Britain, £4 10s. _ _ _

From PERU, we learn that the revolution has be-
come general throughout the Republic, and Gene-
ral Vivanco, the leader of the revolutionary party
has succeeded in obtaining possession of nearly
every port on the Coast, except Callao. The
Lima journal—El Coznercio—is filled with com-
munications respcc ing the movements of the
opposite parties, but we can glean little or no
definite information from its columns. There
appears, however, little doubt of Castilla's over-
throw, if the revolutionary party remains firm
Considerable excitement has been created
by a proposition to purchase the Chinchas
Islands, which is, of course, strongly op-
posed by the present agents, Messrs. Gibbs
and Co„ on the grounds that they hold them
in trust to satisfy certain foreign debts. General
Vivanco has issued a proclamation, as Supreme
Chief of Peru, in which he annuls the decree of
President Castilla issued after the battle of La
Palma, suspending the payment of interests
accruing on the national debt. He says that such
an attempt at repudiation is a death stroke at the
credit of Peru, and maintains that the proceeds of
the guano islands must go, as originally agreed, to
pay the debts due to England and France, and
others, whether internal or external, and that if
the guano products are not sufficient for this
purpose, the government must take every neces•
sary means to facilitate the speedy cancelling
thereof,
_ H. B. M. frigate President, which sailed for

'Valparaiso, had returned to Callao, having, it is
reported, run short of provisions.
Our GUAYAQUIL correspondent writes us that
business is brisk, imports selling cheap. Cocoa is
out of season, and Quoted at $7 to $7 50 per
cargo of 81 lbs rout, equal to $lO to i;10
50 per ql. for clean on board in bulk. A reduction
has been made in the duty on foreign flour from
$7 50 to $0 per 200 lbs ; we should think the
latter quite a high tariff. President Robles had
visited Guayaquil, and returned to Quito on the
lith ult. Professors Francis and Moore, of lowa,
started for tile interior on the 6th of December, on
their scientific expedition. The President pur-
poses sending a commission of officers of the navy
to aid in the object of the tour, and to collect simi-
lar information for the benefit of the nation.
The British ship Martin Luther, from Newcastle, with
coals for the P. S. N. Co., had arrived at Tiboga. The
Panama Railroad Compauy's brig Caroline, 13 days from
New York, bad arrived at Aspinnall, as also the James Hunt,
45 days from Liverp :el. 11. B. M.'s frigate Monarch,
Admiral Bruce, and scow cnvetta Paarl, Captain Sotheby,
sailed from Panama for S uth Pacific immediately aft,:r
arrival of the British maU.

FOREIGN INT EL LIG 74:NCE.

--~-.

FICA CE

PARIS, FRIDAY EVENINa.
A telegraphic despatch from Marseilles, of the
30th, says :
" Accounts from Naples of the 16th state that a
priest had attempted to assassinate the Archbishop
at Matara, during the benediction. The prelate
was wounded, and a canon who endeavoured to
defend him was killed by the assassin. The
Neapolitan Government has just issued a' decree
relative to a postal reform ; other decrees are
announced. The convention signed between the
King of Naples and the Argentine Republic is
for the cession of a portion of territory to Which
political prisoners will be sent at the expiration Gf
thefdelay granted themto choose between a request
for pardon, or .being sent into exile."
I have already alluded to the reductions required
in Franco by the state of the finances, and earnestly
desired, I believe by the Emperor. The army, it
is said, will be reduced by 42,000 men, not perhaps
all at once, but gradually. The savings in this
respect are estimated at 26,000,000 f , and in the
navy 10,000,000 f. With the reduction in nearly all
branches of the administration, it is calculated that
the total saving will be 100,000,000 f.
M Bonnechose, Bishop of Evreux, is named
Archbishop of Tours, in place of M. Morlot, ap-
pointed to Paris.
A number of gentlemen, amounting to 100, for-
merly students at the College de Henri IV, now
Lycee Napoleon, dined together
.)‘esternay at
Lemardelgy s, in the rue Richelieu. M. Emile
Angier, the poet and candidate for the honours of
the French Academy, was in the chair. The, first
toast proposed was " the Absent," which was
received with much applause. The political sense
attached to the words. and understood by all pre-
sent, referred to the Princes of the Orleans family,
who were educated at the. College. After dinner a
collection was made for those who had fallen into
poverty. It was announced that the Princes of
Orleans had sent their subscriptions to the Presi-
dent to further the object of the meeting.

A ball was given last night at the Tuileries. Of
the Diplomatic Corps, Ambassadors only were
invited, excepting one Minister Plenipotentiary,
who has the " brevet" rank of Ambassador, namely,
M. Hatzfeld, and what is termed the Diplomatic
corps de ballet, that is, the attaches of the various
missions who are found to be the good dancers.
The others, who have given no proofs of their
excellence in this sine qua non condition, remained
at home.

The receipts of the Paris and Orleans Railway
Company, for the week ending the 21st of January,
amount to 1,012,610 f 75e, being an increase of
129,714 f 91c, as compared with the corresponding
week of last year. The total receipts from the Ist
to the 21st of January amount to 2,933,879 f 843,
being an increase of 470,450 f 753 over the same
period of the year 1856.

AUSri.II.

VIENNA, JAN. 29

Yesterday afternoon the Imperial " Hand billet"
(autograph letter) relative to the general amnesty
was telegraphed from Milan to this city in the •
Italian language, but no translation of it will be
given to the public, as a copy of the original (Ger-
man) document must reach Vienna in a few hours.
The Archduchess Sophia has received a second tele-
graphic communication from the Emperor, in
which His Majesty says that he is " satisfied"
with the behaviour of the Milanese. The last words
of the despatch are, " All is going well." Seve-
ral confidential communications have been re-
ceived from Austrian employes in Milan to
their colleagues in this city, and the tenour of all
of them is tho same, or very nearly so. Tire re-
ception given to their Majesties by the people was
infinitely better than was expected, and the beha-
viour of the greater part of .the nobles was " be-
coming" (anstandig). At the first appearance of
the Emperor and Empress at the Scala, eight boxes
were vacant, but the assertion of the Turin writers
for the press, that most of the others were filled by
the families of employes is incorrect. Almost all
the boxes at the Scala are taken for the season by
the noble and wealthy Milanese, and eight of them
would certainly not have remained empty on such
a festive occasion if the authorities had not re-
spected the rights and privileges of private indivi-
viduals. That the pit and galleries were almost
exclusively occupied by military men and employes
cannot be doubted, for such is always the case in
Austria when there is theatre pare. The Duke of
Litta has frequently been at Court, but his brother
the Count, is still one of the leaders of the Oppo-
sition. Count Litta, who makes no secret of his
dislike to the Austrians, walked in the Corso with
the Countess, his wife, while the Empress was
holding her drawing room.
A few days since you were informed that the
excessive hostility of the Sardinian press had given
great offence here, and information has now
reached me, that Count Paar, the Austrian Charge
d'Affaires at Turin, has demanded from the Turin
Government the proseeutioa of the Unions for a
leader a" la Mazzini. The article alluded to was
made up of extracts from the Old Testament, tend-
ing to show that it is lawful to put rulers to death
if they oppressed their subjects. The Austrians
affirm that the object of the writer was to excite
some political fanatic to make an attampt on the
life of the Emperor Francis Joseph, but on reading
the article attentively, it struck me that it was
addressed to the Mazzinists in Naples.
My letter of the 2nd, which was lost in the Violet,
contained a piece of information that it may be well
to repeat, as the news will not fail to produce a pro-
digious sensation when it is publicly known here.
During the last twenty-five years an Austrian
priest, named Gunther, has written several works,
in which he endeavours to prove that revealed
religion has a philosophical basis. The doctrines
taught by M. Gunther have found favour with
many of the most distinguished men in the
hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church in
Austria, and among others with Prince Schwat zen-
berg, the Cardinal Archbishop of Prague. In a
word, almost all the younger priests in Austria are
" Guntherianer ; that is; " believers in the doe
trines taught by Gunther." Some three years ago
the Archbishop of Cologne denounced the works of
M. Gunther to the " Congregation of the Holy
Index," and accused their author of entertaining
erroneous, if not positively heretical, opinions.
The works were examined by the " Congregation,"
and condemned, but the Pope, who was aware
that M. Gunther was a shining light in Austria,
refused to confirm the sentence. For a long
time nothing more was heard of M. Gunther's
works, but when the Archbishop of Vienna was at
Rome about a year and a half ago, he urged his
Holiness to have them examined anew. A special
commission, of which almost all the members were
Jesuits, was appointed, and the result of the ex-
amination was that the doctrines of M. Gunther
were declared to be erroneous, and his literary pro-
ductions were placed on the " Index." The fex
; Austrian priests who are already acquainted with

the foregoing facts, shrug their shoulders, and
foretell that the Jesuits will, sooner or later, meet
with a defeat " where they least expect it
that is, in Austria. It may be well to
observe that when there was a censorship
in Austria, M. Gunther, was the ecclesiastical
censor of the Government, and Consequently the
person who had to decide whether a book treat-
ing of religious matters was fit reading for the
400,000 Catholic inhabitants of this city. It is a
most significant fact that M. Sebastian Brunner,
the editor of the Church Gazette, and a very violent
Catholic, is beginning to turn his back on the
Jesuits, Monsignor Geissel, the Archbishop of
Cologne, is so desirous that Duns Scotus, the
Doctor Sublilig, should be canonised, that he is
going to Rome to see that the matter is taken in
hand by his Holiness.

According to advices of the 24th from Berne, the
Federal Council is resolved to make some improve-
ments in the military system of the Confederation.
A larger supply of weapons, and more particularly
of rifles, will in future be kept in the arsenals of
the different Cantons, and the strength of the
artillery will be increased. The fortifications at
Ilasle are completed, and if the Prussians had
marched against that city they would have found it
protected by 14 earth works, each of which is some
14 feet thick It has been observed that the Swiss are
ill no great hurry to return to their homes, and the
s!owness of the mo✓emnents of the sturdy moun*
taineers is generally, attributed to the following
passaffe in the note of the Moniteur of the 23rd
Switzerland can now dismiss her troops." The
policy of this Governmlat in the Neuchatel ques-
tion has given extrem3 offence to the Ultramontane
party in Switzerland, and its leaders rail at Count
Buol in good set terms. It is worthy of remark
that greater patriotism was nowhere displayed than
in those Swiss cantons which in 1847 formed the
Sonderbund. Until now nothing has been done
by the German Confederation which could induce
the Danish Government to respect the rights and
privileges of Holstein and Lauenburg, but there is
reaSOA to believe that the voice of the venerable
Band will' fool be-heard.

In proportion lig the Austrian forces are with-
drawn from Moldavia aril Wallachia, Turkish troops,
to the number of 10,000, Wil: !narch in, and remain
until the re-organization of the _
Danubian Princi-
palities is completed. The Turkish corpo of occupation
will be under the command of Halim Thiel% The
Ossrevatore Triestino states, that " all possibifl
suP-
port is given to the Circassians by the Porte and
the British Embassy ;" but it is by no means clear
to me that either the one or the other party cart
now render any assistance to the inhabitants of the
Caucasus. As the mountaineers on the east coast
of the Black Sea are again in movement, it must
be supposed that the truce concluded between the
Russian Government end Schatnyl is at an end.
The bankers and merchants of Vienna are
endeavouring to mist.) by subseript!on the sum of
£40,000, with which a commercial school is to be
established and endowed, but same of the
.most
wealthy Jewish firms hate declared that they will
not contribute anything unless it is distinctly ex-
pre§sed in the statutes that non Catholic teachers
and students are not to be excluded from the esta-
blishment. The High Church party is greatly
disgusted, but every dispassionate person in Vienna
approves of the conduct of the Jews.

It is credibly stated that at the sitting held last
night by the Administrative Council of the Credit
Bank, it was resolved—l. That a dividend of 12fl.
per share over and above the five per cent interest
should be paid. 2. That 415,0001 (JO per cent.)
should be laid aside as a reserve fund. 3. The
Administrative Council and Direction will only
take 5 per tent instead of the 10 per cent tontieme
to which the statutes entitle them.

PRUSSIA.

BERLIN, JAN- 29:

There is nothing even yet to be reported from
here of a positive nature with regard to any attempt
at arranging the moot point of the King of Prus-
sia's sovereignty of Neuchatel, which has been
de focto in abeyance ever since 1848. Without
pretending to know what may be going on in
Paris, at the instigation of the Swiss Government,
to bring about conferences, or pave the way fot
the question being solved by means of diplomatic'
correspondence, I believe I can at least
state that nothing definite has been settled there,
inasmuch as, Prussia being one of the principals
something would be known here of any arrange-
ment having been made, and I can find no trace at
present of anybody's knowing anything of the sort.
Although the question of what terms the King will
put forward as the condition of his ceding his
rights is a secondary one in point of time, it is one
of foremost importance for the King and his govern•
ment to decide upon before the meeting of confer-
ences or the opening of negotiations: But even on
this point I cannot find that any decision has been
arrrived at ; the circumstances remain the
same as when I last reported to you on the
subject five days back. In ministerial circled
there seems to obtain the same conviction, that
even if no indemnification be claimed fur the cession
of the sovereignty, some equivalent must at any rate
be demanded for the pecuniary rights that would
be involved in that cession. The princely domains
in the principality of Neuchatel and county of
V alengin were lately stated in an official publication
to be estimated at 5,801,465 f ; that these domains
had been ab antiquo the property of the Prince of the
time being, and that the Kings of Prussia had not
only never dispossessed themselves of that property
but that no later than July, 1850, the present King
had solemnly protested against any alienation of
any portion of it. This claim for compensation for
a real landed property to be given up entirely, will,
perhaps, not be found to be incompatible with the
views that are now being advocated very strongly
at this court by some of the clearest heads, viz,
that it will be the wisest course for the King to re.
serve no claim of any sort, no property, no title,
no protectorship in Neuchatel, which would subse-
quently only afford a ground for new complica-
tions, and by taking the initiative of declaring
his full intentions to do this, gain credit for a
frank and liberal line of conduct, and obviate
1 the necessity for any European Conferences. It
cannot be denied that by superseding the necessity
for the Conferences, particularly if they are to be
held in London, as according to all probability,
they would be, he would escape a great number of
mortifications, while the full and frank renunciation
of all his rights, which are more specious than solid,
would fairly earn the approbation and respect of
all men of decent feeling. The opportunity at the
present moment is very favourable, as there is just
now a transient lull both in diplomatic remon-
strances and in newspaper outcry. As yet, how..
ever. there is but little solid ground for the hope
that he will embrace these enlightened and liberal
views. Herr von Bismarck Schonhausen, the
representative of Prussia at the Federal Diet in
Frankfort, has been summoned hither as being one
to whose voice the King sometimes listens in times
of emergency, and it is believed that he is adding
his suffrages to the various highly respectable
names here already engaged in the advocacy of
these views.
It is understood that the Grand Duke Constan-
tine will return hither from Hanover next week,
for a short stay at this Court. Though there
appear to be no definite arrangements as yet made
for his visit to Paris, it is believed that it will not
be long before it is put into execution. For the
present the Grand Duke and Duchess have left
Hanover for Altenburg. There are people here
who talk of the Emperor Alexander's coming
here
on a visit towards the end of February, and have
arranged in their own minds already, how the
Emperors of Russia and France
are to come
together with the King of Prussia.