Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-12-31 00:00:00

THE NORTHERN TIMES. LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1857

I put it to Mr. Martin if ha will proceed with the charge
of felony—if he does, I now tell him and Mr, Isaacs, that
I shall proceed to examine him on matters that I do not
wish, and which will be painful to me, but doubly so to
him, but I must do my duty and will not shrink from it, but
let Mr. Isaacs take the consequence, as he will have
brought it on himself Mr. Martin, we will withdraw the
charge of felony and proceed on that of illegally pledging.
To the witness : I believe, the prisoner is, unfortunately,
your brother in-law ? Yes, he is. The witness wont on
to say —there was no money returned to me in the cash
book, for the pledge of that picture ; the prisoner ought
to have returned it. There is a sum of X5OO not accounted
for by the prisoner. Mr Cobb: That is not a fair question
to ask ; go to the cash-book and ask out cf tha . The
witness to Mr. Martin : The prisoner told me he borrowed
the £4O, but that is not in the cash-book. Mr. Cobb
Is it in any place, sir ? Yee, in the abeyance account. Mr.
Byfprd, the pewnbroker, was examined, and said he had
seen the prisoner. The picture in dispute is in his
possession ; it was pltelged the 291 Forember, 1836 by
the prisoner, and lialyseqw:ntly released and again pledged
with two other pictures, by the prisoner, for £35. On
cross-exeminafion, by Mr. Cobb the witness said, directly
he never had any dealings with Mr. Isaacs, but through
the prisoner, and he was under the suspicion that Mr.
Isaaca was acquainted with it Mr. Aikin: Has the
prisoner pledged a gold watch an 1 studs with you ? Yes.
Mr Aikin said he could not understand why Mr. Isaacs
would allow the prisoner to pledge his watch and studs,
whilst at one portion of his evidence he swore most
distinctly that he never knew the prisoner to pledge
anything for him. He made no distinction whatever
at first, and now he tries to make a distinction
between private and pers ;nal property, and shop
property. Under such circumstances it appeared to
him that the charge of illegal pledging could not be
sustained, the charge of felony was out of the question. It
was a pity the ease came there at all, and he would advise
Mr. Isaacs to settlo the dispute out of the court. It seemed
to him the proceeding was brought in through some vin-
dictive spirit, that ought not to have come into the court.
There was clearly pledging going on from itne to time by
the prisoner, but he (Mr Aikin) could not call it illegal.
It was done repeatedly for the bsnsfic of Mr. Isaacs, and
therefore he mast discharge the prisoner. The prisoner
was at once discharged.

BEFORE MES,Rg. SIIEIL AND PENN

DMPERkTE ASSAULT —William M'Coy, a sailor, was
charged with having itacted desperate injuries on George
Moreson. Surgeon Pope, of the Southern Hospital, proved
the injuries, and the prisoner was sent for trial.
George Bend, a boarding-house keeper, in Grenville-
street, was fined £2 103. and costs, for an assault on Mrs
Whittaker, a publican, living in Hanover_street, and £2
10e. a 4ditional, for another assault on a sailor, in the
house of Mrs. Whittaker. In default of payment, two
months' imprisonment.
Excise Puesecurroer —Mr Tyndall aepsared on behalf
of the B of Excise to support an information egainet
William Wakefield, ehargieg him wish having a private
still in his possession. Mr. Almond appeared for the
defendant. It appeared that in last September Mr.
Wakefield went to the office of Mr. V: hits, estate agent,
Clayton-square, and entered into an agreement to become
tenant of a house in Grinfield-street, Edge hill, at a yearly
rent of £22, to be paid monthly in advance. Two months
elapsed, and the rent not having been paid, bailiff's were
sent to take possession of the house, and they effected an
entrance after some difficulty. They fount the house
completely empty, with the exception of a private still,
which was then at work in the back kitchen. The parties
who were working it escaped over the back wall, and the
only person seized in the house was a little girl, who,
when brought before Mr. Mansfield, was discharged, on
account of her youth. The Excise-officers' were sent for,
and they laid the present information against the
defendant, he beiLg at the time the tenant of the house.
Mr. French, Import Surveyor of Excise, Mr. James Kent,
Excise Officer, and Mr. George Trumblo, clerk to Mr.
White, w• re examined in support of the above facts. It
was admitted that the defendant had agreed to become
tenant of the house, but as the prosecution feilel to prove
that he was ever in possession, the information was
dismissed.

LIVERPOOL BANKRUPTCY COURT-YESTERDAY,

BEFORE MR. COMMISSIONER STEVENSON.

In re MORROW AND Co.—The bankrupts, Robert Morrow,
John Morrow, and Clarkson Garbert, who traded under
the firm of Morrow and Co., merchants, of Liverpool, came
up this day on their last examination. Mr. Felton, on
behalf of the assignees, expre,sed himself highly satisfied
with the accounts. The bankrupts passed, and the certificate
meeting was fixed for the 22nd of January.

BEFORE MR. COMMISSIONER PERRY.
In re HENRY SCIIWABE —This was the last examination
meeting. Mr. Ratcliffe opposed on behalf of a creditor,
and the matter was adjourned to the 2nd of February.
In re JOHN L. BAGOT.—The bankrupt came up on his
last examination, and passed, and a day was Sxed for ,the
certificate meeting.
In re JAMES Macr,txxAN —The bankrupt, draper, of
Church-street, came up on his last examination. He was
supported by Mr. Rymer. Mr. Evans opposed un behalf
of the as.ignees, and the examination was adjourned to tho
26ch of January for amendment of the balance-sheet.

EX AMINATION OF SHIPMASTER%

LETTER Y.

Whether a commander be a goad, careful, ordinary,
practical navigator, or a man of brilliant scientific attain-
ments, is really of little importance to commerce, except that
donhts might arise in the minds of some whether the
qualifioafon of the latter might partially have bbee
matured at the expense of the " ordinary practical"
knowledge of the former.
Shipowners have their own interest in selecting competent
officers, and will express theirpleasure accordingly. lam
desirous of inform'ng shipowners of Liverpool that there
exists a great miaunderstaudieg as to extra masters ; for
any master, whether he have certificate of servitude or
competency," is able legally to command a troop ship out
of this port, and will find no authoritative obstruction.
Every officer, certainly every shipmaster, has in his own
port a positive reputation or " character" which no laws
can interfere with, and owners and underwriters will look
to this. It is desirable that the nature of examination
may be such as to al'ow of no collision between the legal
standing of a man and his private repute. The law,
whatever it may be, should bear so evenly upon every
grade that all should be contented, and respected. To
accomplish this, many considerations have to be regarded.
We must remember that many youths go to sea as a
mere treat, consequently no very early training can be
insisted on. The Board of Trade, therefore, wisely com-
mence their examinations with the second mate, who must
have been four years at sea,
Although in my last letter I proposed to abolish the
present "extra" certificate, it will he seen, in following
onward a system of study, that it may be reproduced
under another form, with vastly additional value ;
aid even the examination far the second mate is made sub-
servient to it. But, before I ccn comment on eath separate
examination, it will be necessary to return to the question
of the examiners themselves ; and here I touch on
the moat delicate part of the whole frame-work. I
write without any bias, and merely seek to give the
result of my observation, in the hope of rendering service.
It unfortunately happens that the additions to which my
humble judgment inclines me, are of such a nature as to
bring me, apparently, into contact *ith many teachers cf
navigation, inasmuch as it may seem to be implied herein
that present defects are to be attributed to them. Such is
neither my accusation nor belief; but I am obliged to
declare, from person it knowledge, that many teachers
will themselves require to brush up what is called
projection." Nor is this casting any stigma upon
them, as I knew not of one school in the whole kingdom,
nor of one person besides myself, who ever insisted on a
student's " projecting" his questions in plane and saherical
trigonometry ; and C mean to say, advisedly, that com-
paratively few could solve a spheric question by scale and
c ,mpasses. And why ? Simply because it has never, to
my knowledge, been asked for by either the Board of
Trade or any public examiners, nor is it ever required in
the highest mathematical examioations at Cambridge. It
has been unaccountab' y neglected, unless we believe that
the want of a simple method of teaching and illustrating
spherics was the cause. Such, then, I hope, exonerates
all nautical teachers from imputation, and my ago logy for
bringieg forward the subject thus publicly is the necessity
I found, in my own practice, for some reedy means of in].
parting a sound knowledge of spherics to sailors; and after
twenty-eight years, and no ordinary amount of labour at
intervals, I produced the " spherograph ;" which enables
me to do at once what the Board of Trade have in
prospect, viz , the raising of the standard of ex ,sisi-
nationa. The simplicity and efficiency of the ins`rn-
melt being such that I can point to coasting captains
who, " for amusement," (!) have taught themselves by it
all that sailors need know of practical spherics. Perhaps
I need have no hesitation in boldly plotting forward the
question, when I mention that it was proposed by the
London Local Marine Board itself, that the spherograph
be used in Examination of Shipmasters.
Nothing is usefully learned which is imperfectly
understood. Now, if we insist on this in preparing for
the first examination which a sailor youth uadergies, its
benefits will plainly manifest themselves in all that
succeeds, and we shall build up in each officer a
more able navigator than any other plan can possibly
produce. With how much more confidence will a
second mate appear before his judges if his knowledge
of " Dead Reckoning" be based on a proper acqaain-
tenet with the principles of right-angled trigonometry.
It is fortunate that Norries's valuable Epitome, as
the collimate handbook of the merchant navigator, should
actually explain trigonometry mere thoroughly, as applicable
to the wants of the sailor, than any book ever published.
To make it plait', it rquires only a little patience on the
part of the teacher, although much should be left to the
young man himself to read up at leisure ; and he would
find an occasional question or two only would be needed
to insure his easy progress. Injudicious help on the part
of the teacher, does more harm than good. The student
must exercise his mind to produce any lasting good; for,
remember, much in my plan depends upon the first exami-
nation ; on it mainly depends whether a man pass wed, as
master. One who prepares for second mate, should go
through his work entirely (according to "Nories"
admirable arrangement), with scale and compasses.
Hence, a knowledge of principles, will be acquired
by mere amusing projection. Afterward?, (on the
assumption that a knowledge of the use of a hammer
would be better acquired from sexing a nail driven with it)
I would follow out the requirement of the Board of Trade,
that a second mate " blow the use of logarithmis." I
would let the student apply logarithem calculation to the
examples he has learned to projoct ; thus mastering right-
angled trigonometry both by scale and arithmetic. He
would thus be able to comprehend both work and principles
in the sailiegs," and, indeed, a solid foundation would
thus have been laid for marine surveying. All is provided
for us; we only want examisalons to test the fact of the
above having been properly attended to and generally
understood. The immense advantages of such a training
can only be believed and appreciated by those who, in
hundreds of cases, have witnessed the effects of it. It will
be seen then / am rather suggesting addition to, than altera-
t ion in the plan laid down by the Board of Trade; midi( I am
asked to explain why I advise them, I would say in a few
wards, that the great secret of education is to teach young
persons how to teach themselves. Give them a good basis
on which to build up favourable results from subseqeent
private reading. Few youths who are intended for officers
in ships could complain if, during the four years in which
they are preparing fur examination, some attention were
required in study for their future profession. If some may
suppose that I require too much from a second mate's
examination, I answer that no one ought to be allowed to
aspire to an honourable profession, which involves great
responsibilities, who is unwilling to make personal exer-
tion. We do not want the idle and indeerent. I think
public and private interests at present stiff:r from the
facilites of the step between the comnaoroplace "9uulded,"
mere forecastleman and the " mate ;" lance at would
do no harm to the interests of commerce if we
sift young candidates for future command at this very stage;
tor it is desirable to recognise even more extensively in the
merchant service the connection between the "officer and
the gentleman."
Only Mate. —As we ascend the " ladder of promotion,
we shall next require that the candidate extend his knew-
ledge of plane trigonometry (thus widening the foun-
dation) by becoming acquainted with oblique-angled
trigonometry so far as to be able to work easy quarters in
it by scale and compasses. What Norris calls "construction"
ofers ample assistance to any young man of ordinary
intelligence, and is in itself highly interesting. The
industrious may find great and profitable amusement in the
numerous problems given in "Jean's Astronomy and
Navigation."
We would next require the candidate to be able to name
the several lines of the sphere, in illustration' of the ordi-
nary daily astronomical problem. The " Key to the Sphe-
rograph'' has been specially prepared to illostrate this, and
is so simple, that an hour's consideration of it (I cannot
call it study) would be sufficient to qualify any one, even
without assistance.

A First Mate may reasonably, i❑ addition to the work
of an only mate (es above), be expected to be able to check
his work (with sufficient readiness to prove his ac-

quaintance with the principles of spherics.) in azimuths,
amplitee, latitude, and time, by the *Spherograph Part
111., prepared on pufpase; and also to Ise tha stars and,
planets fur the same object, and to find the name
of any visible star of the first magritude by
the splieregraph. Part 111., and Key to Part 111.,

are constructed for this. lie should be able to cons.fruci

!he ordinary lines of the Sphere from Gante►'s scale, as

situp y direeted cm the book of the key to epherograph.
Six hours work out the spherograpla would suffice for this,
while to do it by any book knowu, would require weeks of
tedious application.—Yours, &c., S. M. SAXBY.

• Owners and merchant officers can tee the spherograph at the
Captain's Reading-room of the Mercantile Marine Service Associa-
tion, No. 20, orate--street, between twelve and two daily, or at the
Association's Office, No. 2, Cowper's-court, CorAill, London.

DEATH OF I PROVINCIAL POET.—Death has removed
during the last few days Mr. Richard Furneess, author of
the Rag Bag and Medicus Magus, two poems published
some 20 years since. Mr. Furness was born at Eyam,
Derbyshire, is August, 1791, and died at Dore, near
Sheffield. In early life lie followed the business of a
curlier, but his poetic.l tendencies led him to seek the more
congenial office et parish schoolmaster at Dore. Mr.
Furness enjoyed the friendship of Ebenezer Elliott and I
James Montgomery, and the respect and esteem of all with ,
whom he came in contact.

THE MACNAUGHT QUESTION.

TO THE EDITOR OF THIS NORTHERN TIMES.
Stn,—Some of your readers seem incapable of
seeing the drift of my observations, which you have
favoured me by publishing, and Mr. Stanhope
' appears to fall within this class.
In my first letter I endorsed Mr. Glazebroek's
call upon Mr. Macnaught, to state what were his
sentiments, with regard to the doctrine of the
Saviour's person and atonement:—was he (Mr. M.)
an Unitarian ? If he held the orthodox doctrine
with regard to the atonement, I begged he would
be good enough to say what were the irrational
versions of that doctrine which he intended in his
letter to the Daily Post.
To this latter question no reply whatever has
been vouchsafed.
In my second letter I entreated Mr. M. not to
leave the question, " Is Reason superior to every
Rule of Faith? ' without adducing some grounds
for holding Reason to be not only the ascertainer
of which, of several proposed as Rules, is alone the
true Rule of Faith; but likewise is competent to
sit in judgment upon the contents of the ascer-
tained Rule of Faith ; and I reminded those who
assumed the affirmative of that question, that it was
to take for granted Divine wisdom could reveal
nothing incomprehensible by Human Reason.
Mr. M. having now answered Mr. G.'s inquiry
by stating that in his belief Christ is the Supreme
Jehovah, but complained of the expressions
Mr. G. employed in the controversy. In my
third letter I troubled you with a quotation
from a pamphlet of Mr. M.'s, in which he indulged
in what I then styled, and still term, buffoonery—
so that it might be evident Mr. M. had no right to
censure Mr. G. for the use of severe expressions.
I concluded that letter, by stating my gratification
at observing that Mr. M. had announced his adhe-
sion to the doctrine of the Divinity of the Saviour,
and by asking Mr. M. what logical right he had
for believing Christ to be the supreme Jehovah, on
the hypothesis Scripture is fallible in matters of
theology ?
Tn my fourth letter I have shown that, in point
of fact, Mr. M. falsely accused Mr. G. of having
wilfully perverted his (Mr. M.'B) words, in order to
defame him before the publie, and taken occasion
further to enforce the distinction (which in my
second letter I called attention) between the
acknowledged province of reason, as the interpreter
of the contents of the rule of faith, and the func-
tion denied to it, of allowing and rejecting any of
those contents.
No attempt has been made to refute any charge
I have made against Mr. M., to shew the irrele-
vancy of my qnestions, or to prove the groundless-
ness of my distinctions. True, it is, they have all
been summarily condemned, but I was not so hasty
in advancing them, as to be terrified by the mere
dicta of Diogenes, Alpha, and Mr. Stanhope.
The second question which I have, through you,
addressed to Mr. M., is in truth founded upon his
own question to the Bishop, and I think the
importance of chewing their close correspondence,
is enough to justify me in repeating them in juxta-
position._

RR QI76STIONS. MY QUICSTION.
If in matters of sense and I respectfully submit it is
reason we consider the falli- incumbent upon Mr. Mac-
bility of Scripture, by what naught to explain what
argument can we maintain logical right we have to
Scriptural infallibility in believe that Christ is the
matters superseusual or supreme Jehovah, seeing
superrational ? If in Ste- that the Bible errs in the
phen'e speech we acknow- narrative ofStephen's speech,
ledge that the Scripture and may err in the apparent
writers were fallible, and enunciat,on of an irrational
even did err, what logical version of some true doc•
right have we to promulgate trine.
—as has sometimes bean
done—irrational versions of

the true doctrines concerning
Incarnation, Trinity, Atone-
ment, &-,c , and then to

expet that men shall bow
down to our irrationalities,
on the plea that all the
the)logy of Scripture is
infallible ? Is it not clear
that in such cases as these
the retort is easy and valid ?
The Bible errs in the narra-

tire of Stephen's speech, and
why may it not err in the

apparent enunciation of an

irrational version of some
true doctrine ?

It must, sir, I think, be obvious to any one who
will consider it, that in whatsoever way Mr. M. can
answer my question, his questions to the Bishop
may be disposed of Was it very unreasonable to
expect that Mr. M., being in position—at all events,
a clergyman of the Church of England—would
answer my question, and so vindicate the logical
consistency of his own conduct and belief with the
propositions he conceives he has established ? It
could scarcely have escaped his penetration that
there is precisely the same logical difficulty in
maintaining, upon his hypothesis, the very doctrines
of Incarnation, Trinity, and Atonement as there is
in proving any " irrationality concerning them," for
which there is Scriptural authority.
Lest, however, these remarks should be dismissed
as puerile, and treated with the supercilious disre-
gard my questions have received, I commend the
following extracts from Chillingworth to the con-
sideration of Mr. M. and your readers. The first
passage. I give is from Ans. ii., 159, with extracts
from which Mr. M. has already favoured us, dis-
creetly omitting this:—
Not but that it were now very strange and
unreasonable if a man should believe the matter of
these books, and not the authority of the books ;
■nd, therefore, if a man should profess the not
believing of these, I should have reason to fear he
did not believe that."

" I grant that he that doubts of any one book
(of Scripture received by the church of all ages)
hath as much reason to doubt of all. But yet, here
' again, I tell you that it is possible a man may
doubt of one such book and vet not of all ; because
it is possible men may do not according to reason,
If you meant your words in the latter sense then
I confess he that believes su-ih a book to ho
canonical, i. e., the word of Go'i, and yet (to make
an impossible supposition) believes it not to be
true if he will do according to reason, must doubt of
all the rest and believe none. For there
being no greater reason to believe anything
true than because God bath said it, nor
no other reason to believe the ScriWure to ho true,
but only because it is God's Word. Ho that
doubts of the truth of anything said by God, hath
as much reason to believe nothing that he says ;
and, theref )re, if he will do according to reason,
neither must nor can believe anything he says."
Ans. iii., 35.

In conclusion, I wish to acknowledge the pleasure
have derived by learning from Mr. Griazribrook's

etter you publistlad this morninz, that he does

not regard my endeavours t) uphold the authority
of Holy Writ as a " silly and invidious intrusion''
upon his controversy with Mr. Macnaught.—l am,
W. WY E.
29:1 Dec., 1857.

TiE WEST RIDING CONSTABULARY.—The whole of the
mon of this fore, are about to receive their clothing f,,r the
new year; and a mark of distinction very similar to that of
the Irish constabulary has been adopted—the coats of the
sergeants having three stripes of silver lace on the right
sleeve, those of first class constables two, and those of
second class constables one. A badge of merit, entitling
the ho'der to 2d. extra pay per diem, has also bean
ordered.

MILITARY RIOT AT THE INVALID DEPOT, CHATIIAII
On Monday evening, a disturbar.ce broke out amongst the
soldiers quartered in St. Mary's Barracks, which at one
time threatened to assume a very serious character, as
several of them were armed with bayonets and rifles- It
appeared that some animosity exists between the 18th
Royal Irish and the 86th Royal County Dawn against the
19th, and so violent was their conduct, that an armed
force was sent from the 3rd Depot Battalion, quartered in
the huts, to quell the riot. Several of the 18th rushed out
of their barrack-rooms clothed only in their skirts, with
their side-arms, and commenced a regular attack on the
19th Depot. Blows and stabs were freely administered,
and it was some time before the armed force could put an
end to the violence. A number of the belligerents were
taken prisoners and sent to the guard-house, to await a
military inquiry. This is the second time the 18th have
broken out into violence; the last time was with the Royal
Eggineers.

THE ACCOMMODATION PAPER SYSTEM.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN TIMES.

Sir,—The revelations which are being made, from
day to day, in the Bankruptcy Courts, are proof
of the most positive and incontestible character,
that it is full time the Legislature should impose'
some check upon the army of commercial specu-
lators who have been in the habit of bollterin
up their credit and an insolvent pesitiln by
means of accommodation bills. The late failures
show that no matter how convenient such pieces
of paper may be at certain times, there is
connected with them a fatuity more roped and
subtle than dram drinking or opium eating.
Notwithstanding the temporary relief which
accommodation bills afford for a time, when
tested by the principles of commercial morality,
they are a sham—" a mockery, a delusion, and a
snare ;" for, once let the trader get accustomed
to deal in them, and similar to the insidious
and betraying narcotic I have named,
they become indispensible to his business, under-
mine its constitution, and at last envelopes him is
irreparable insolvency An accommodation bill
is, as I have said before, an imposition and a
sham. It pretends to be a Bill of Exchange, but
it is without any evidence that it represents
goods to the full amount of the sum affixed
to the left-hand corner, or whether being a pal-
pable commercial sham, it is not worth th insig-,T
nificant piece of paper on which it is " drawn
and "accepted." There are certain descriptions of
accommodation bills, which bear upon them the
impress or their true character. I allude to that
class of bills where one private gentleman draws
upon another equally independent. When the
draft of my Lord This upon Sir That is put into
circulation, there is grave rea on to suspect its
genuine character. Such persons have no reason
or cause to trade in Bills of Exchange. The act
is one to bolster up a tottering credit upon a
baseless and a sandy foundation.
It is, however, different with persons actually
engaged in commercial pursuits. With theta
such instruments are indispensable, but the oc-
currences of the last few months, show that the
system is pregnant with the most fearful con'
sequences to the commercial credit of the country.
Indeed, the disclosures made at Glasgow, as well
as in other parts of the United Kingdom, show
that to such an extent is the system carried on,
that firms supposed to be really wealthy, meriting
the appellation of " Merchant Princes," have
been paying one bill drawn by a man of straw,
not worth sixpence, by another accepted by a
firm not much better off. Should those apparent
capitalists, be in funds to meet their engage-
ments at the required time, and additional accep-
tors provided, all will go on smoothly, and for a
time prosperity and richness seem to strew the

path of the penniless speculator. Tne con-
sequences of all this is, that the deeper a mail
may plunge himself in the system of accommo-
dation bills, it is possible he can attain any
amount of credit to carry it on. And this will
continue until a monetary revulsion takes place,
and it may be the stoppage of his bank, when
his utter worthlessness becomes apparent, and he
is obliged to suspend payment, and ultimatell
appear in the Gazette as a hopeless bankrupt.
The law with regard to accommodation bills

is unsatisfactory. A. man may draw a bill upon
another who is not worth a penny, whilst he, at
the same time, has not the most distant hope
of being able to meet it, as drawer, whey
it arrives at maturity. If, however, he
puts down a fictitious signature, instead
of gettins, some one to affix his worthless
name, then the crime of forgery is committed-
Viewing both actions front a moral, point of viol'',
should say that there is as much intention to
defraud in the one case as the other. It would
-be quite easy to cite cases in proof of this posi-
tion. The most recent and glaring is that of
Messrs. J. and D. Macdonald, of Glasgow-
The confessions made in that inquiry will enable
our readers to estimate to the full extent the
bubble credit that may be raised upon a deep
and well laid scheme of accommodation bills.
From the history of this firm I learn that, in
1845, requiring additional capital to carry 011
their business, they began to draw accommoda-
tion bills. This practice was carried on for ten
years without any regular system of entry of
these bills being organised. The first year they
raised 8,0001. by accommodation bills,
in 1850 that sum had increased to

30,0001., and in 1856 no less than 788,000/.
W hen they suspended payment in October last,
their accommodation paper reached the enor.

mous sum of 383,000/., -exclusive of a similar

account of 60,0001. current between them and
another house. These are painful facts, and
such as should induce the Legislature to devise
a plan for remedying an evil so baneful in its

consequences. `Yell, indeed, might your eoteni-
porary, the Glasgow Herald, indignantly exclaim
" The Macdonalds built manufacturing palacee,
—extended their manufactories upon dishonestly
acquired money—and undersold their fabrics t 0
the great detriment of honest traders, and they
bought pictures, and otherwise squandered their
ill-gotten money. Such is the astonishing line
of proceedings adopted by that giant manufac-
turing house. Ordinary men may tremble to
think of such things, but it was easy for theni,
They had nothing to lose ; nobody was respoh"
sible, and their :>60,000/. of useless paper Was
doomed to fall, amongst others, upon the share-
holders of the Western Bank, and upon the
thousands of poor girls who might starve, steal,
or do worse for aught they cared, for the conse;
quences." As we have already said in course r"
our present remarks, the Bankruptcy revelations
which are being made should induce the Parll3#
ment by adopting remedies for the monstrosities
and commercial iniquities to which we here
referred.—Yours, &c., J 1J STICE•

vid
It is announced that, at the close of the year, Mr. Da'
Barclay Chapman will retire from the fi-m of Overeo
Gurney, and Co.
A FORMIDABLE ENEMY.—A correspondent of the
MofaBsiliee, writing from Oude on the 6th ult., makes tad
following report of a strange raLir in which our troops bd
been concerned :—" The troops, however, encounterteheir
Truett more formidable and enterprising enemy oil, `^i1:11
way back to camp, and I am ashamed to say tue,qter
Lancers turned tail ; both (facers and men fled in their
cunfasion, while the Artillery driverb abandoned the
gur:s, and bolted like mad, but without avail, f°',, fee
enemy pursued them to the camp, which friend an'the
entered at the same time, the latter getting among
e,
tents and having the audacity to attack our Ay:l°le f? recat
which had turned out in great alarm to cover
of the Lancer's and the others when they were seen r
ning in such wild despair! The kilted High
ndebrsthdeley
not on this occasion display the courage for wbic frogs
are famed, for, if anything, the 93rd sought shelter
I than
the attacks of the victorious enemy with more ogial
less
their breeched comrades, though I confess that beien
the reatin.
protected, they suffered more, The sailors of thnaval
feather,
Brigade also, strange to say, showed the write
a___hty
and 'topped their booms' with the rest, uttering n us
terror.
nautical ejaculations in the extremity of
their
utterly'
There is no mistake about it, d the
routed, and the enemy continued to hover arout
thenn
camp fur tome time, without our daring to nwiesith verdY
and ultimately they retired in good order, and
w goo,-
our fellows were n _
trifling loss." Don't be alarmed or indignant, clo7se if
reader ; imagino what you would yourself
attacked by a swarm of bees ! While tble
of the Lancer
returning from the Alumbagh to camp ono
lust, and the
was tempted to poke his spear into a bees'
MeDec.
result is above deseribed.—Zombay Gaz =ave force was