The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-04-13 00:00:00

ITALY.

The Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian, on enter•
ing on his office of Governor General of the Lom-
bardoNenetia.n provinces, has issued a circular to
the administrative authorities on the nature of
their duties, and on the spirit in which they must
henceforth act. Among other things, he recom-
mends that the people shall be allowed to deyelop
freely their material and moral resources ; that
they shall be treated with due consideration and
humanity ; and that ftinctionaries shall not by
exaggerated zeal compromise the safety of the
throne and the welfare of the populations.
The Monitore Tuscano publishes a joint declara-
tion of the Tuscan and Neapolitan Governments,
to the effect that the treaty of navigation and
commerce stipulated in 1853 by the two states, and
which has now expired, shall continue in force
until the 31st December next.

A letter from Rome says that M. de Meester de
Ravestein, Belgian Minister in that city and at
Naples, has, after three months' negociation, con-
cluded a treaty of commerce between Belgium and
the Two Sicilies, which will open important
markets to the cloth and iron trades of Belgium.
A letter from Florence, of the 2nd inst., informs
us that the persons in that city who occupy them-
selves with politics had been much excited by the
rupture of the diplomatic relations between Austria
and Sardinia, and by the articles in the London
papers on Count de Rayneval's despatch to the
French government. The difficulty between Austria
and Piedmont is considered grave in Tuscany, as it
is not believed in the present state of Italy that the
King Victor Emmanuel can make any concessions.
The course pursued by the Emperor of Austria is
disapproved even by his friends. Count Rayneval's
despatch was read with avidity even by those
indifferent to politics, Many Moderates—of whom
ord John Russell, during his last visit, after
having conversed with some of them, observed that
they were Liberals of the level of Lord Derby, are
indignant at what Count de Rayneval says of the
Pope and his Government. The writer adds :
"If the Count de Rayneval had written his
despatch after the arrest of the celebrated high.
wayman Laggerimo, announced some time since
with so much pomp by the official organs of the
Roman and Tuscan Governments, he would have
found that his comparison between the safety of
travelling on the Pope's roads, and that between
London and Windsor, would be somewhat to the
advantage of the latter. Unfortunately, I under
stand that, without any interregnum, Laggerimo
has found a successor, who has already taken the
liberty to give several contradictions in fact to the
assertions of the zealous diplomatist."
_ A letter from Venice, of the 3rd inst., announces

the departure of the Duchess of Berri, with her
husband, the Duke della Grazia Luechessi Palli,
and the Prince Campo Formio their son, for
Florence and Naples.
A letter from Genoa of the 7th inst: observes

that the very considerable number of ships which
arrived in that port since the beginning of the
month proves the increase in the commerce of
the town. In fact, the quays are now overcrowded,
and it has become necessary to increase the accom
modation in order to facilitate the unloading of the
merchant shipping.
A letter from Rome of the 4th inst. announces
that on that day M. Mon, the Spanish ambassador,
proceeded with great ceremony to the Palace of the
Vatican, where the Pope granted him a private
audience. He presented the Royal letters accre-
diting him as Ambassador Extraordinary and Ple-
nipotentiary of her Catholic Majesty. After the
audience the Ambassador presented his attaches
to the Holy Father. He then visited the Cardinal
Secretary of State, who received him with the
honours due to his rank. M. Mon then visited
the church of the Vatican, and prayed before the
relics of the Apostles Peter and Paul. Thus
terminated the ceremonies usually practised by
the representatives of the Court of Spain