Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-08-07 00:00:00

c,rotianTi.

GLASGOW, GREENOCK, AND LIVERPOOL TIIADERS,
Taking Goods for Bowling and Renfrew.
The clipper schooners
Tons. I . Tens,
--3-GIPSY QUEEN 062 GIPSY .21,
tit. 'Y KING -
, •
—53 GI.L.lALDI
2:46e11g GIPSY
VIRAGO ( . PORTLAND
,uo.l ••• . .^5 0 1 151.
ANNA DIXON ....217 VIXEN
For Bowling and Glasgow.
VIR %GO
GIP,Y .. .. . .. ..
GIPSY QUEEN . . Saturday .. Bth Aug
Warehouses end Wharf, north side ganning Basin.
/GENTS—Levis Potter and Co., 28, St. Enoch square, Glasgow;
William Lindsay and Co, . Excise buildings, Greenock.
J. W. FAIRCLOUGEI & -CO.,
4, Tower buildings West, Liverpool.

STEAM COMMUNICATION BETWEEN
PRINCESS ROYAL ...
LIVERPOOL AND GLA'GOIV•
The first class powerful steam ship
rrence, the undernoted
or other steamer is intended to sad (With or without .
Unless prevented b an unforeseen eve..
yy
pilots) be.
twecn Liverpool and Glasgow, with goods and passengers, as unders
FROM CLARENCE DOCK LIVERPOOL,

August
PRINCESS ....Saturday .. 8.... at 12 o'clock, noon
PRINCESS ~ ..Thur.day .. 13.... at 4 o'clock, afternoon
PPIRMCEPSSaS 22....18.... att *1122
o'clock.nwooonn
PRINCESS Thursday 27..... at 3 o'clock, afternoon
PRINCESS • •.. Tuesday .. Aurr 1, at 8 o'clock, crating
From Cla- once Pierhcad on days marked thus *
11,$•—Goods for shipment co days marked * must be alongside
the vessel Three Hours, and on other days One Hour, before time t
ssiling
Fares:—Cabin,lncluding Steursrd's Fee, 15s ; Steerage, 6e.
Servantt, in Cahin,FullFare.
JOHn MACMI: LAN, I, India.buildings, Water-street.

Exclueivtly for CLOTHING BOYS from 6 to 20 Years
& COMPANY, Ranetagb street.

THE SMOKE NUISANCE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN TIME.

Sir,—l trust to your usual impartiality to insert
in your next publication this communication, in:
explanation' of your report of certain 'proceedings.
before the magistrates yesterday, relative to the;
smoke nuisance question, as that report is defective•
in many particulars, and may lead the public to•
form an opinion upon the case, which the facts do:
not warrant, and which would do us great injustice
Not to trespass too much upon your space, the:
following instances may be a sufficient justifica-
tion for bringing the matter under your notice.
Tlr3 report rva Is thus: 1; Mr. M4G:owEN said—The
first case I shall go into is that against the Messrs
Cannington's, because they have been most fre-
quently before the Court :'—The learned gentleman
did not say so, nor diA he use words conveying
that meaning ; the fact is, we have bean 'once only
b.2.fore the Mit2istrates, viz in November last
Mr. Wignall is reported to have said,—" I have
had several interviews with them, and have explained
how the escape 'of smoke could be prevented;' the
words in Italics were not uttered by the witness
In answer to Mr. M`Gowen's question, " But is
there any difficulty in preventing the smoke with
the present appliances of the dafendants," Mr.
Gte,:n is reported to have said—" Certainly
not, with proper care and attention on the
part of the persons employed." This is pre -
cisely the reverse of the answer given, which
was in effect,—" With tho present appliances,
I do not see any possibility of preventing the
smoke." A very natural reply from a patentee
desirous to recommend his own plan, and who
cc-nld hardly be expected to prove that his patent
is unnecessary. This witness affirmed that certain
improvements coul,l be t fleeted at an expense of
£lO to £2O. You represent me as replying, " But
he (lid not believe that they could be done for twica
that sum." I said " twice or twenty times that
sum." • I merely give 'the above as a sample, and,
whilp, fully acquitting the reporter of any blame,
considering the difficult duty he has to perform,
in justice to the case put before the magistrates,
which induced them to decline giving a decision,
I request the insertion of this statement.—l am,
sir, your obedient servant, EDWIN CANNINGTON,

Foi• JOHN CANNING_TJN.
Vauxhall 'Glass Works, 6th August, 1857.

IMPORTANT TESTING OF sAxßrs
SPHEROGRAPH.

Tj THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN TIMES.

Sir,—lf your contemptible 'correspondent,
"A.M.D.," cannot better employ his time than in
-writing falsehoods, and in throwing obstacles in
the way of proposed improvements, which, he
admits, he does not comprehend, because beyond
the' sphere of his education, the public will at least
in this instance be the gainer ; for, through his
remarks, it has become my duty to supply infor-
,n as to the subpet to which he refers. I only
wonder that "A.M.D." should have spent so much
time over his tedious.letter, when, according to his
opinion, too much had already been said in your
NORTHERN TIMES on my system of navigation.
Your ecrresponclent surely has an interest in pre-
venti-ag its introduction, or he is envious of the
public approval of which he cannot, without misre-
presentation, deprive me. In order, therefore, to
effectually stop all such anonymous and unmanly
pelversions and insinuations, and as well to con-
vince your readers that in your editorial remarks
you had not departed from your characteristics
accuracy of perception, I beg to offer for public
perusal a copy of a letter received by me on the
4th instant.

The merchant captains of London having heard

of my pretensions to simpAry the who!e question

of practical navigation, arid with a full determina-
tion to thoroughly examine, and, thereupon, (very
properly) either to crush or assist su:h pretensions
to their uemost power, requested me to meet them
publicly on Thursday last at the Jerusalem Coffee-
house, Cornhill, in ordtkr to fairly explain my
Spherograpb. I met them accordingly, and found
that they had availed themselves in the work of
scrutiny, of most able assistance in the person of a
thoroughly practical sailor and accomplished
mathereefirea.., P.R.A 3 , who, for
forty-two years, has directed the Navigation School
at "Nolie's," and who, I found, had educated
the greater number of the captains present, having
'been himself an officer in the East India
Company's Sorvicc:, Now, I cannot, for a moment,
complain of any endeavour on the part of
sailors to protect themselves from error in so
vital a pursuit as that of navigation—the request
to attend a public meeting in London having been
made in all courtesy, _nor do I complain that
during the past six months, groups of merchant
captains in Liverp:ol have called on me wi 11
ready worked questions, offered in some cases
with openly avowed incredulity, because the pre-
tension to work by means of a simple diagram,
and without calculation, to a degree of correctness I
fully equal to all purposes of navigation, is a
novelty which justified every caution in believing,
Every mwhematician is aware that the intersec-
tion of lines can only give an approximate result.
But I would again ask, is not every operation in
astronomy at sea a misapproximation ? If a sailor
obtains his latitude to two or three miles, and
his longitude to ten or fifteen, he finds it
sufficient, and these are the average limits of
accuracy to which, in the merchant service, we owe
the safe conduct of shipping, and near enough
too—and what is more, were greater account of
accuracy desirable, it could not be obtained. I
appeal to ship captaius," and ask, if two men at
the a rne time, and on the same deck, take the same
observation, do they coincide? I might almost ask
do they ever coincide P Away, then, with the
folly of deceiving ourselves into the notion that,
because an inaccurate " sight" can, by figures, be
worked to fractions of a mile or second, such result
is accurate to such fraction. I wish to separate from
captains' work that which is unnessary from that which
is necessary. lam desirous of placing in the hands
of navigators a ready system by means of which
if desirable, ten observ,itions may be worked without
calculation in the time which it at present demands for
the ?corking of one, and, of course, by such means,
an admirable cheek on accuracy is obtainable.
If captains prefer calculation (from long habiti I
wish to furnish the ii with a simple and readg check on
all their work.

I wish to render navigation a work of pleasure
to captains, from the simple manner in which all
its operations are explained, and thereby encourage
th(tr more frequent use of observation
During twenty-eight yeais, I have at times
endeavoured to accomplish this, as my work still
preserved will show.
I did not.first invent an instrument, and then
torture science to find a use for it, but first felt the
sph.eric calculation,
:cant rf some method of simplifying
and
*then produced an instrument to meet that want.
Sncn is the spereograph, of which, I believe,
I invented even :the word.

It may be necessary, in defence of my position,
to acquaint your readers more plainly that I am
no advocate for the granting of certificates, with-
out a proper examination of shipmasters. I only
complain of the present inefficient mode of
training, and the gross neglect of the study of
spherical, and even of plain trigonometry. Nay, I
complain that many teachers of navigation know
nothing themselves of spheric projection, and that
many others, of some reputata;on, who are supposed
to be able mathematicans, could not measure a
spheric angle, although they could readily work it.
I cm pleased, however, to find that, since the
public introduction of my epherograph, some, even
in Liverpool, are availing themselves of it. I
even could mention a person in Liverpool, not a
" teacher" or "examiner," of course, but who, with
considerable pretension to mathematical know-
ledge, as applicable to nautical purposes, asked
me, ten months since, " why the degrees,' on my
spherograph " varied in size ?"
Now, sir, let any of your readers come to the
Rock-Ferry slip, and see the quaint little vessel
called the " Charter Oak," recently arrived from
America, and imagine what amount of instrumental
accuracy of observation could be attainable on
board SO small a craft on the Atlantic. The bold

'at. who commands her had neither sextant,
:thronotneter, nor chart of the English Coast,—he
had only a common quadrant, graduated to minutes
yet :his first landfall was the Tusker ! I recollect
when passing this torezioon through Goree, an old
woman asked me, 4. Pease sir, what's O'clock," I
answered " 25minutes past 11," Now, I hope, sir,
I have not unintentionally, with my '" approxim-
ation," put this old lady to inconvenience, for
according to nautical practice I should have told
the time " accurately " and said 11 hours 24
Strange that, what is " fish to one" is " salt junk '
to another! surely it is, by these comparisons, no
less absurd to trouble a busily-occupied commander
with unnecessary figures and calculations at sea,
than to burden the pour old woman's memory with
useless information. The fdlowing letter amply
testifies to the all-sufficiency of my Spherograph
for every nautical purpose.
"Naval Academy, 157, Leadenhall-street,
31st July, 1857.

" Dear Sir,—in compliance with the earnest
request and selicition of many captains and officers,
I was induced to attend a lecture on your sphero-
graph, showing how the various ways of ascertain-
ing the latitude at sea, the variation by amplitudes
and azimuths, the longitude by lunar observations.
Scc., were ob'_ained by it. I attended your lecture
accordingly, notwithstanding being highly prejudiced
against the possibility of any spherical or linear
tables producing anything like a practical result
at sea—hence, to convince myself that your sphe-
rograph was deserving the commendations that
were reported of it, I fortified myself with hooks
containing 200 examples in nautical astronomy,
dozens of which (in the presence of many captains
and officers) were worked by your spherograph,
each example producing a correct result—that is,
as near as approximate tables can produce the
same. From what I witnessed and worked, I have
no hesitation in stating that your spherograph will
give results sufficient fur Practical purposes at sea.
—I am, dear sir, yours respectfully,
" Saxby, Esq. " GEORGE COLEMAN."

In addition to the above most severe and deter
mined test, which has thoroughly satisfied all who
beard it, I had the pleasure of submitting, for a
similar purpose of scrutiny, my spherograph to
Captain Doinett and Captain Barnett, of the Local
Marine Board, London, by whom " extreme ques-
tions," as they candidly called them, were given,
and so accurately answered, without more than a
few seconds of delay, that both declared the
applicability of my new system to practical purposes
at sea. This sentiment was moreover confirmed
by a similar scrutiny by Captain Bell, Mathematical
Examiner to the Trinity House, London. Allow
me to add that, seeing, a few days since, a letter
in the Liverpool Mereury, signed " John Taylor," I
waited upon that gentleman yesterday, and entirely
removed his scruples as to the abundant accuracy of
the spherograph, and I have permission to use his
name thus publicly in commendation thereof.. He
acknowledged plainly that his remarks had no in-
tentional reference to me, not having had the
opportunity of examining my instruments. When
we add to the above attestations, the fact of the
spherograph being now used in the American and
Russian navies, besides being on board some hun-
dred ships in all parts of the world, giving unqua-
lified satisfaction, I may be excused if some great
amount of pleasure results to me in seeing a pros
peel of a total reform in that which has long been
a reproach to our country ; anti which, by my
humble means, is likely to accelerate ocean traffic,
and protect life.—Yours, Sze. S. M. SAXBY.
Rock Ferry, 6th August, 1857.

COURTESY OF THE OFFICIALS AT THE ART
TREASURES EXHIBITION.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTIIEIIN TIMES.
Sir,—On Monday last I went with some ladies
to the above exhibition. All went on well enough
until about one o'clock,when a staff of police officers,
numbering at least six, walked into the room in
which we were, and in a most discourteous and
peremptory manner ordered us to move on. Not
only that, but one over-officious policeman pushed
most rudely one of the ladies of my party, telling
her at the same time to get along. Now, sir, when
a party go to the Art Treasures Exhibition they
fancy, if they pay their money, Sp., they have as
mucn right to be treated with respect and courtesy
as the Queen of the Netherlands, for whom all this
grand and ridiculous fuss was made. I feel quite
convinced that every one in the room would have
made way for her Majesty with the utmost readi-
ness ; but, sir, Englishmen, do not like, at the
heck and nod of an official "dressed in a little brief
authority," to be driven like a flock of sheep from
one eni of a room to another, where they have as
perfect a right as her Majesty the Queen of the
Netherlands. A VISITOR.
[The discourtesy of the police and others con-
nected with the Exhibition is quite notorious.—
ED.-N. T.]

From the mi,pu!es of proceeding 3 oc the Rochdale
election commi tee, just p,thlished, it would appear that
the resolution declaring Sir Alexander Rtnasey duly elected
was c tried unanimously.

IMPORTANT TO PRINTRKS.—On Toes lay, a case of some
importance ti printers, and others, was tried before Sheriff
Steele, in the Small ebt Court, Glasgow, fir amount of
printing account and indemnification for non-fulfilment of
agreement. The pursuer was 14fr. Alex. Brown, printer;
the defenders were Messrs. D. Pall, Semple, Martin,
Ferguson. and Hamilton, proprietors and publishers of a
Chartist newspaper entitled " The Northern Star." The
defenders, in the commencement of proceedings, took ob-
jection to the form of prosecution, all the proprietors not
being summoned ; this objection, however, was overruled
by the Sheriff on the ground that by the law, and recent
decisions, members of join'-;took companies and others
were individually liable. The other points of the case
were as foliow : The pursuer had sent in, along with
other printers, an estitnwe for printing the paper weekly,
in which was a provision the: defenders and pursuer
should give and require one month's notice previous to
changing or discontinuing the paper. For the defenders'
neglect of this the pursuer claimed a moderate idemn fi
cation, which was refused. The defenders at first pro-
teased to have no knowledge of the note containing the
estimate : a copy, however', hiving been put into the
hands of the Sheriff, the original was reluctantly given up,
though the defenders denies having ever regarded it as a
contract of agreement. The pursuer and a witness as-
serted that in their own presence the note had been re-
peatedly referred to as " their agreement." The pursuer
had made several sacrifices in adheriug to the agreement,
and, it was not, he urged, that the legality of the document
was questioned until it began to operate unfavourably
against the defenders. Sheriff Steele expressed his sati,7-
fectien that the note produced was the memorandum of
agreement acknowledged and acted upon in the course of
settling the business; he, therefore, gave judgment to the
pee seer for indemnification over the charge of account to
the full extent allowed by the Court.
ROM&NCE IN HIGIE leen —Among the presentations to
her Majesty at one of the drawing-rooms this season, was
a young lady upon her marriage, and about whose nuptials
a story is current of more than usual interest in these
unromantic times. She is the daughter of a baronet
holding a distinguished position, Among the suitors of
this young lady, who is as pretty as accomplished, was one
of very advanoed years ; but it was in vain that all the
allurements consequent upon the possession of riches were
set forth.. The heir maiden showed herself completely.
indifferent to the golden prize that lay at her feet, and, in
spite of the strong recommendation of " paps," it was
unhesitating rejected. So far, therefore-, evervthing was
perfectly natural and very unromantic. But it seems that
the gentlemen, after his proposals had been declined (of
course with the usual protestations of respect and esteem),
again sought an interview, and assured the lady that his
attachment was not selfish—that he was ready, at any
sacrifice, to do anything that could contribute to her happi-
ness ; and that, if her affections were fixed on any one
whose wealth might not he adequate to his good fortune,
he was ready, by a settlement, even to the extent of
15100,000, to place liar happiness in her own power. Such
a proof of disinterested attachment was perfectly undeniable
and it is said the young lady poudere l so much over it
that, like the recital of adie'lit's dangers, it wrought a
complete revulsion of feeling. We do not pretend to know
on what kin' of " hint" the venerable gentlemen spoke
again, but speak again be did, aed with so much effect
that the happy day was soon named, and the nuptials in
due coarse solemnised, and the fair bride presented on her
marriage to the Qom. The world gives, with its usual
generosity, au almost fahuloas amount to Mr. tor_
tune, but it is very well known that one item in it is
£150,000 railway stock, more than half of which is paying
six per cent.—Court Journal.—[Vely nrnautic ! A gill
marrying a man old enough to be her father, perhaps her
grantlf.ather—and for what P—au establishment].