Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-03-23 00:00:00

THE NORTHERN TIMES WEDNESDAI, MARCH 23, 1859

thirty years ago. And the object, be it remembered,
of the recent rapid increase of these docks, has been,
as it is well observed, " to meet the wants of a
commerce and shipping, increasing with equal, if not
greater rapidity ; and in re-modelling the old docks,
and constructing new ones, every effort has been
made to adapt them to the present wants of trade
and navigation."

The extent of its export trade is shown by the
single but most striking fact, that in the last year for
which there is any complete return, that of 1857,
very nearly one-half of the products of British
industry exported to foreign countries and British
possessions, were shipped at Liverpool. We find
that in that year the value of the entire quantity of
British products exported was £122,066,107, of
which amount as large a portion as £55,173,756 was
exported from Liverpool, while from London it was
but £27,832,348. Scarcely of less value were its
imports, which consisted of the produce of every
country and clime. " There is," in short, as is truly
remarked, " no article of use in the arts, or in the
support of life, which is not found in the long list of
products imported into Liverpool."
The rapid increase of the population of Liverpool
is a natural result of its constantly augmenting com-
merce. During the last twenty years its population
has more than doubled itself. The census of 1841
gave 286,487 ; that of 1851, 376,005—being an addi-
tion of nearly 100,000 souls, making its ratio of
increase about 10,000 a-year. " The rate of increase
in the suburban villages on the Lancashire side of
the Mersey," says the book before us, " and in
Birkenhead and the line of villages extending along
the Cheshire side of the river, is probably at the rate
of 5,000 a-year more. Hence the population, col-
lected within four miles of the Liverpool Exchange,
cannot be much, if anything, less at the present time,
than 600,000 souls,"—the great bulk of whom are
engaged in occupations dependent on commerce and
shipping, and the trades connected with those pur-
suits. The amount of the property and income of
such a population is, of course, enormous : it is
greater than that of any other city or town in the
United Kingdom, with the single exception of
London ; as appears from returns laid before Parlia-
ment last session, which showed the amount of
income returned to the Property and Income Tax,
under the different schedules, to be upwards of seven
millions of pounds.
Such is Liverpool in 1859, —a place possessing
about one-third part of the commerce of the whole
kingdom, and carrying on as great—if not a greater—
trade with foreign countries and British possessions
as any other seaport in the world,—a place of whose
vast social system commerce, shipping, and naviga-
tion so powerfully furnish, as it were, the life's
blood. Well and truly, therefore, does M. MoN-
TALEMBERT say, in his celebrated Essay on Consti-
tutional Liberty, that " everywhere else, all the
power and wealth of autocracy must avow themselves
vanquished and eclipsed by that incomparable
fecundity of private industry which, in our time,
without having been either incited or aided by the
State, has hollowed out in the port of Liverpool,
floating docks six times as vast as those of Cher-
bourg." Well may we cherish, then, the institutions
under which all this has been achieved, and by the
still closer adaptation of which to the state of things
it indicates, even greater achievements of commerce
may yet be accomplished.

THE UNITED STATES AND SPAIN.

If, as a great moralist has declared, " hypocrisy is
the necessary burden of villany," it can matter little
by whom, or under what circumstances, it is prac-
ticed—whether in public or in priv ate life ; between
nations or individuals. It indicates artifice, as well
as manifests insincerity ; and its design, therefore, is
always disreputable, and often dangerous. What is
true in private intimacy is equally so in "public
intercourse—that the best and safest feeling is never
to have recourse to deception, to avail yourself
of no quirks, or to practice low cunning, but to
prove yourself in every circumstance of your life
equally upright and sincere. It is, we say, a system
which, whether in the affairs of nations or of indivi-
duals, honest and honourable minds will naturally
adopt, and the dictates of an enlightened and
superior understanding will generally be sufficient
to insure its adoption. The moral principle of the
individual is not to be abandoned when he is called
upon to act in behalf of a nation. The direction of
public policy is as much required to be regulated by
high views of right and wrong, and not by considera-
tion of personal or party interest, as the conduct of
private affairs.
We have been forcibly reminded of all this, by a
report of the speech of the new American Minister
in Spain to the Queen, on presenting his credentials,
and the reply of her Majesty,—an interchange of
sentiments which has a more than ordinary interest
just now, in consequence of the designs of the
United States Government upon an important
possession of Spain. The American Minister
did not scruple, it seems, to declare to the
Queen of Spain that the President of the
United States had charged him to renew to
her Majesty the assurance of the desire which ani-
mates him to preserve the friendship of her Majesty's
Government, and of the wishes he entertains for the
prosperity of her people. Nay, more ; " I am con-
fident," he declared, " that I shall be permitted to
assure your Majesty that I am personally convinced
that the general desire of the population of the
United States is to retain the old and never-inter-
rupted friendship which since the beginning of our
national existence has always prevailed with Spain;
and that during my stay at the Court of your
Majesty—continuing the frank and sincere conduct
which has hitherto been followed—it will be my con-
stant effort to avoid any misunderstanding, and to pro-
mote the interests of my country without prejudice to
the amicable relations which happily now exist." Now
anything more hollow—anything more impudent
than this—it would be difficult to imagine. Why,
it is notorions, that " the ger ?I-al desire of the popu-
lation of the United States," is to act so hostilely
towards Spain, as to wrest from her, if possible, one
of her most valuable colonial possessions ; and that in
clamouring for it, they are pouring out upon
that country, its Queen and its people, the most
violent vituperation and abuse ! And call you this
" friendship ?" Why, it is the incarnation of animo-
sity. Is that man our friend who threatens to rob
us, and calls us all that is bad because the opportunity
of doing so is long in coming ? The idea of despoil-
ing Spain of Cuba is one of the most popular schemes
ever dreamt of in the United States ; and there is
nothing that the people appear to take such delight, at
present, in doing, as to show their enmity to Spain,
and to pick a quarrel with her, if possible, in order
that they may have something like a pretext for
taking possession of that island. No expeditions e
recommended themselves more warmly to the hearts
and minds of the people than those filibustering ones
1 which, from time to time, have been undertaken

to sit and give the country, if not " the benefit of
their collected wisdom," certainly " the inconvenien-
ces of their collected passions and prejudices ?"

Letters Patent have passed the great seal, giving to
persons on whom decrees have been conferred by the
University of Melbourne, the same precedence as if the
same degrees had been granted by any university of the
United Kingdom. Consular Appointments : Mr. Dowlin, at
Cork, for the United States ; M. Mauboussin, at Liverpool,
and M. Hippolyte, at Glasgow, for the Emperor of the
French. Honours for services in India: Major-General
John Michel, and Colonel Shepherd Stuart, to be K.C.B ;
and twelve officers of the Queen's army, and thirteen of the
Indian army, to be Companions of the Bath.

THE COURT.

OSBORNE, March 21.—The Queen and Prince Consort
rode on horseback this morning.

The Princess Alice and Princess Helena crossed over to
Gosport and visited Princess Leiningen.
Her Majesty and his Royal Highness the Prince Consort,
accompanied by the youthful members of the royal family,
purpose, according to present arrangements, to leave
Osborne on Tuesday next for Buckingham Palace.

against themselves, and was impractical in the surdoe.l
time, and the milk required to be in a state of dtcompe
0,1:.
tion before it reached the required specific FravitT. 111:
matter was referred to the workhouse committee, fil co!"t7
to consider the - desirability of retaining the present test
to have the opinion of Dr. Edwards upon the
This concluded the business.
held
the
inquest on the body of a woman who was killed at _
ConoNan's CounT.—Yesterdap the Coroner 10
Edge-hill station of the London and North-Western
Railway, on Saturday. The short facts of this case slr
peared in our paper of yesterday. The body of the won,n
has not, up to the present, been recognised. Dire
persbert;
appeared for the railway company, and Mr.
appeared on behalf of Edward O'Niel, a person wha
injured by the accident. The train that contaulor
the deceased came from Preston. The boil' she
deceased lies still at the Royal Infirmary, an' has
appears about thirty years of age, and may the
belonged to a small class of farmer, as she is rather
respectably dressed. One feature about her is, os
her teeth appears to be very bad. It appeared thsilnini
Saturday evening, the train from Preston, when just c 0,,„
out of the Olive Mount Cutting, half a mile from Vo
Hill, was met by a luggage train, in one of the wal°olo
of which there was a large quantity
.of fustic. It "f t).
seem from a large mass of evidence given, that one °,
or
blocks of fustic stuck through the railings of the Wilgg°k tbt
got out in the course of friction, and that it stra_4o,
carriage in which deceased and other parties were, C 0
away the side, and injuring some other persons. therof
evidence, although of a lengthy description, wo
elill,lo
an introductory character, and was a
to the whole, in order to find out whether the trncilgad
the fustic was properly packed or not, for it wait',
that when the train left Edge Hill, that to all aPAPeit
the logs were right enough in .the carriage, 55",," too,
therefore surmised that whatever alterau°'; br
place so as to cause the accident, 101's" 'fba
happened between that station and the cutting% derv)
case was adjourned to two o'clock this day, ill °lto the
pEoduce witnesses who can speak more particularly The
circumstances attending ou this unfortunate affalr4oo'
coroner also held an inquest on the bady of a poor °'
named Mordecia Isaacs, 96 years of age, who was so
some days ago, in his lodgings. It appeared th3ttea
days since, the poor old man felt very cold, and tut,
back to the fire to warm himself, when his clothes
ilcol it
fire, and, being very feeble, he could not e:ttingdied°
until he had received severe injuries, of which he
Monday. Verdict : " Accidental death."

THE LATEST TELEGRAM

THE FRENCH FUNDS. The
PARIS, Tuesday, March 22 , 11.55 wit
nouncement in the llioniteur of this raarniligere
reference to the assembling of an Europeano
has produced great excitement here, and f
have risen to 69.30, being a further rise °

cent. since yesterday.
1.15 p.m.—Rentes open 69.5, and are noW
s° 00
of
3.27 p.m.—lt is rumoured that Austria reN
proposition of Russia for a congress on the °l4to9c
Italy. The Bourse closes very flat in CO1154"
for all securities offered. Rentes 68.85 for
1°
ur
and 68.65 for account. Railway shares 51.
since yesterday.

FOREIGN INTELLIG

FRANCE.
PARIS, Monday, 6 p.m.—lt was not true' t ;130tv,
was reported, that orders had been given

- the '
" at I

troops were to cry " Vice l'ltalie,
yesterday. I never credited that rumour.
lot/
first place, it is not in the Emperor's
least, it was not ; secondly, any cry of tectO
might have afforded a pretext to the tike
for one in favour of peace. At thc
time as the rumour about the o°l
l'ltalie" e tll5
jaculations it was also current 110
of the working men contemplated c° 0114
small flag with " Vice Napoleon DI die
side, and "L'Empire c'est la Paix" OA tj°l
I attach no more credit to this story 4`"--;e3.
other. I firmly believe that the only of,;"jalelvou''
the usual cry of " Vice l' Emile rerAr ,he
of course, the acclamation for '0111!.
Imperial, who, to the satisfaction ands
dAir4eri
the spectators appeared in the full die aO.
of the Guard, with his bearskin °P,c0,07,a1
poral's galons on his sleeve. I doubt 1' Ors
immense crowd (except those more i,ll/1 theeo
interested) whom the fine weather an', si,
tar y show drew to the spot there ore.,-104:1
persons who passed a single thought (700(1y1
they did their thoughts were very pre—s9o.4
The remarks of the groups were of tbetiteif
jocose, and occasionally sarcastic kiwi; 01:
batteries of wit were turned upon every 011,e csl)to
before them, high, low, and middling. llfloo
their admiration of the bearing of tither,
before them; they talked of the weatlidesy
Orpheonists who were to perform that .010;il
Palais de Plndustrie ;of anything yolL4a. 1
no more of Italy than if Italy never 0-"„", tbei
Paris people brooded so intensely .tet
bardo-Venetian question, and burned fe'lo
siasm for Piedmontese aggrandisemefe :1003 ci
was a tune to show it. In truth, , of ets;
'the being existing on this earth capabLe solo
anything resembling such a passiell the .ss
people who are so political b/asees asilaslP3
They have expended so much eet
vain—on the good, the worthless,l tote
indifferent —that they have no 111191,.er
either to individuals or peoples, ailed to
tnsi
ing. A single voice, I am told,
soiteto
l'ltalie !" when the Emperor and bis„jah het
the Palais de l'lndustrie, after the re;ii-e Oval
the Orpheonists. The feeble cry, like', rellii"
the Manage de Figaro, was the 111°riool‘eric
from its being solitary, and the peoPleorios;it
with wonder to see who the singaar stion
In his laudable desire to settle the quereaff
Ta
going to war the Emperor must be g,ople. clet
by this state of feeling among his
Cavour His Majesty might well raiTio
tion he did on the Neufchatel gnarl' st 141/
" The great powers signed in 1.85'' f tbet Of
protocol, which recognises the riolltg ,°,100,1 0
Prussia over Neufchatel. The t'igoice,t`"- We(' be,
Emperor (of the French) engaged 015fra,:,,
other Cabinets, could not, -wliatelis• reg,,,
interest it feels for Switzerland; '" fit')
treaties have sanctioned."---(3foniletsr' a too
o
ber, 1856.) dispose • 5
His Majesty will hardly be
_„„,tio
Piedmont, notwithstanding his eYI the 00-r
what he refused to Switzerland ; he
treaties which he avows in one ease
to forget in the other. asteci,a PAr-
A letter from St. Petersburg, bat t"usetc"
inst., received in Paris informs ns ts
of 0, ‘.O
Government has assembled a c°rP.BesOrjustoj
consisting of 60,000 men in 3rd ofo
the f
Podolia. These troops below, the
0 f C?
corps d' armee. The 15th "dicis;ent
hitherto cantoned in the Goverliiroutie
have been advanced to the
Danubian provinces.

tat T
1he..._.--....---....... ,
included olltljieSOSolvAern.olent ef
j
condition
ofT of the peasants. In this Pla,klie rsinftif
f
us'sl'er declare that this reform is the 013,,1001,
reducedla?' tteeits plan for the eine-lioOttivre;?o,:il
nobility, and that the 9 111—.0osiv
_ato an institution of which theciltioe y
b mere reminiscence of historical trf.l'or thetiiii:
committee demands remuneration ,he po ,
ceded the peasants, and advises T:0 pcPt,i
break to
off all communication with the.lidisei;to
duct, evidently arising froni a profell.".9oo cie#
havehands
the effect of throwing the peaa ses;oio
of the bureaucracy, tonecreate tbig
,t',4 11
tion
is of slavery. The °f bst 'itet
inindicates general calm and subdued, of b1..031
and at.es a profound sentiMeilt
_,1.0 i°,l:'; 4 a
by the irritation a,gainst the meacr, of tsoo
mint Itae Government. The knowle frotioltioi
has produced a disaareeable,%tifith.,',4.
yere
ament circles. Nevertheless,ol4::s Prot
these explosions, which imped° an
Peetion of the amelioration of the P

a the
the"'
bsv•
0 .0,

Tri
,„tio- of,
the of
.41