Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-05-03 00:00:00

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attitude,--it is s measure of -defence which ire' are now
adopting.- • •••• 7- • -
Ancient rernembranev, community, of origin,' - a recent
alliance the Sovereign. 4foilses unite ua to-. Sardinia.
These.7are:serious reasons for ;sympathy,. whieh we fully
appreciate;.. hilt which,..perhaps, :would not sudicc.to decide
us :What distiuctlyipoints,out our path is' the peTmanent
and hereditary interest: of France, the absolute_iraßossihility
for the Emperor's government to arowja blow to, be struck
which would establish at the .foot. of the Alps; .contrary to
the wishes of a. friendly nation and to th:e wish of its
sovereign, a state of things which. would subject the .whole
:of Italy to a foreign influence.
'His Ifnperial Majesty, ;strictly .faithful to the
words which be pfonounced when the French people
-recalled him to the throne of the chief of his dynasty,
is not animated by any personal ambition br desire
of conquest. It is not long since the rinperor gave
a proof, in' a European crisis, that moderation was
the soul of his policy. That moderatiOrr still 'pre-
sides over hiS designs, and, while , shielding the
interests. which. Providence has -intrusted to him,
his Majesty has no idea, you may most positively
assert it, of separating -his views from those of
his allies. Far from it, his government referring
to thv incidents which have marked the negociations
of the preceding weeks, entertains the firm .hope that
the government of her Brittanic Majesty will continue
to persevere in an attitude which, by uniting by a
moral bond the policy of the two countries, will allow the
Cibinets of Paris and of London to give mutual explana-
tions without reserve, and to combine, according to
eventualities*, an entente • destined to preserve the Conti-
rainst nent from the effects of a struggle which may. arise at one
of its extremites

Russia. we, are perfectly convinced of it, -will be `always
ready to direct her efforts to the same end. As regards
Prus.sia, the impartial and, at the same time, conciliating
spirit of which she has given proof since. the'Comtnencement
of the crisis, is a sure guarantee of her inclinationto neglect
nothing to circumscribe the explosion.
We sincerely hone that the other Powers which
form the German Confederation will not allow theM-
selves to be led astray by the remembrances of a
different epoch. France can only behold with sorrow
the excitement which has seized. upo some States
of Germany. She does not understand 11,-w that
great country, ordinarily so calm and so patriotically
imbued with the knowledge of its strength, should
fancy its safety menaced
,_by events, the theatre of
which must remain far from its territory.
The Enipetor's government is therefore: prone .to believe
4},n atnt...-opn of Gel-tinny will soon admit that it

upon themselves to contribute to limit
id duiration of a war which France. if she has
has at least the consciousness of not

depends a great_dea
the extent
to .take part in it,
having provoked

The follow-rim,* appeared in late editions of the
NORTHERN TIMES of yesterday:—

A CIRCULAR OF THE FRENCH

GOVERNMENT.

PARIS, May 1. The following circular has been
addressed by Count Walewski to the. agents and
Plenipotentiary of the Emperor
The Austrians concentrated at Pavia, entered at three
o'clock on the 29th, on Piedmoutesc territory passing the
Gravellona. In the night they, penetrated to'CusFalo near
Ti,avatie, by the ferry of Abhati Grasso. On the 30th they
landed at Streba and at Aroua.
• , The body which :passed Gravellena numbered twenty
'battalions and eight batteries. The advanced posts were, at
half-past eleven on the 30th,-at Vespolate.
A very considerable corps d'artnds is on the march from
Vigevano upon Mortara.

SECOND `PROCLAMATION OF
VICTOR EMMANUEL.

TURIN, April 30.—A proclamation, of which the
following is a full analysis, has been pladarded
throughout the whole kingdom:
Austria, while making proks:iions of a love of peace, at-
tack's us, and refuses the jurisdiction of an European Congress.
She violates her promises made to England ; she asks us to
reduce our army, and to abandon the brave volunteers who
flocked from all parts of Italy to defend the sacred flag of
Italian independence.
I confile the government to my well-beloved cousin, and
I resume my sword.
The valiant troops of the Emperor Napoleon, my generous
ally, will fight for liberty and justice, side by side with us
_peoples of Italy.
AnStriCaltacks-Piedmont for:having defended the cause
-of our common country in the councils of Europe, and
because she has not heel; deaf to your cries of conquest.
Austria now openly tears up those treaties which she has
never herself observed.
The Italian nation is this day already free in point of
right, and I may now conscientiously accomplish the vow
I made upon the tomb of my august Father.
Let us confide in Providence ! in our Union ! in the
valour of Italian soldiers ! and in the Alliance of the noble

rench nation !
Let us rely upon the justice of public opinion !
I have no other ambition than that of being the first
oldier of Italian independence. Viva Be
(Signed) 'VICTOR EMMANUEL.

ITIE MANIFESTO OF THE
EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA.
The following is the manifesto of the Emperor of

Austria to his army : ' - -
I have given.orders .to my brave and faithful army to put
an end to the attacks which a neighbouring state (Sardinia)
has been, for several years past, in the habit of making
upon the undoubted rights of my crown and the integrity
of the empire confided to me by Divine PioOdence.
The Emperor goes on to speak of the horrors of war, but
says that the monarch must repress the impulses of his heart
when honour and duty call upon Lim to march, when an
armed enemy is upon his frontiers, united with all those sub-
versive parties whose object is to appropriate the Austrian
states of Italy to themselves; and when the Sovereign of
France, meddling
,under a . frivolous pretext with the
affairs of the Italian peninsula, is sending troops to the
succour of our enemies

After an impassioned appeal to the patriotism of
Austria, the manifesto concludes in these words :
We hope not to remain isolated in this contest. The
t. re about to fight is steeped in the blood
That country was conquered
and has been maintained as such to

soil on wino NI

of our brothers of Germany

as a German rampart
this day.
It is arrays upon that ground that the most dangerous
enemies of Germany commence their attempts to destroy its
internal power. (Signed) FRANCIS JOSEPH.

s
COLLISION BETWEEN THE
AUTI{IANS AND PIEDMONTESE.

News has received the following

LATEST WAR NEWS-:

The
.12'eratrilazs, on-the line of the., Dora it will
0
require .500 ) nto cover „Turin on that side. A
battle rilay. be expected about the sth imt, The
Tusean-troaps are inarehing on Massa and. Cairara,
to resist an attack from Modena. - -
The Post says the Austrians are intending to cut
off the- communication between Alessandria and
Genoa: and possibly to invest Alessandria. 'They
are at' the same time moving from
-two other pointo
on Turin itself. It will evidently be a hard race
between them and the French. -

THE :CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.
PLYMOUTH, Saturday. —The royal mail steamship
Celt, Commander Robert Brown, arrived this after-
noon. She left Table Bay, March. 23rd;, S. Helena,
.
April Ist ; and Ascension, April 54.
The cargo consists of one • bog of specie, 51 pipes,
39 hhds., 204 awns, and 17 .aukers of wine; 1,000
horns, one case of ostrich feathers; 95, bales of sheep
and goat skins,' 770 bags of copper ore, 550 bundles
of coir, and 57 Packages of sundries..
Among the paSseng•ers from Table Bay are
,the
Bishop of .Graham's Town and
_Captain Thompson,
-and from Ascension Mr. Thomas, R.N., and Mr.
Allen,'R.N. •
The second Cape Parliament was opened on the
17th of March. The Governor's speech congratu-
lated the colony on the proceedings of the first
parliament, at whose request he had mediated
between the Orange Free State and the Basuto
Chief, Moshesh. He enjoyed the confidence of both
contending parties, and had succeeded in negotiating
;peace on a permanent basis. He had felt it his duty
.to continue the employment of the mounted border
:police in advance of the Cape territory, to Prevent
a.large vacant tract from being occupied by- thieves
and turbulent • charaCters. On the other hand,
schools for -children had. been established in the
principal states, aml every effort made ..to secure
their welfare.- The beneficial introduction of Caffue
labour into the Cape colony had been attended with
some danger, and additional guarantees for public
-seetirity would've required.
The number. of, immgrants already
,landed is
:2,078 ; they have proved most valuable to the colony,,
and many have applied to have their relatives and
l':friends sent out' to them.
The estimated revenue for 1859, is 450,000/. The.
revenue for 1855, is 270,0001. .
The
,Orange Free, State having solicited a federal
union, his Excellency recommends both houses to,
consider the Whole question of the -possibility of
uniting the Several portions'of -South Africa under
`some common government.

THE. WEST INDIA,
_MEXICO,.

AND PACIFIC MAILS.

SOUTHAMPTON, Monday Morning. —The Atrato
steamer, Captain Woolley, has arrived, with Jamaica
dates to April 10th ; Vera Cruz, 4th; Havana, 9th ;
Hayti, 12th; Demerara. and Trinidad, 9th • Barba-
does. 11th ; Grenada, 10th; St. Thomas,•l4.
She brings 250 passengers, $517,702 in specie,
jewellery, value $11,960, -and large cargo of cochi-
neal, indigo, &c. •
At Jamaica the public health was much improved.
Rain much wanted.
Business at Bari-wines dull. Very little doing in
-produce market. There:- had been a cessation in
arrivals of breadstUffs ; corn meal in rather better
demand, holders demanding $l4.
Exports from D'aunerara during the fortnight have
been-sugar, 2,209 hogsheads, 266 tierces, 776
barrels; rum, 1,102 puncheons, 106 tierces, 70

barrels.
Agricultural matters at Grenada continued in the
sathe condition as last mail. Business with the

question

merchants not brisk.
The Hamburgh barque Henrietta and Rebecca,
from Rio Hacha, for Queenstown (Ireland), was at
St. Thomas, leaky, and would have to discharge.
The British ship ndenmanna, from BOmbay for
Liverpool, put in at. St. Thomas, on the 31st March,
in distress, leaky, _and part of her cargo thrown

overboard.
The revolution in Chili was nearly quelled.
Business improved at Valparaiso.
The financial condition of Nicaragua is in a most
deplorable state. The Alinister of Finance shows
in his report a deficit of $70,000 for the year 1859-60.

-Tillage of Columbia; frentreonnt3r, Alabama, and
the diseaK was streading 'rapidly to baler count-jet
Murderous riots among the firemen of Pliladelpha
,are of so common occurrence as hardly to t/Itite
reniark:in that city. One of a more than ordinaTily
serious character, however, occurred on Sunday, like
17th ult., in whiCh two -or three inaividuals were
shot,, probably fatally. The riot.grew out of an old
grudge-between theShifiler and the Nloyainensing
Hose Companies. One of the.- men was. Robert
Thompson, Secretary-of tke Moyamensing Hese, and
another was John Capir. -A desperate fight occurred
on the same day between the Reliance Engine and
the Humane Hese Companies, in which several
persons- were very badly hurt.. The police succeeded
in arresting some half dozen of the leaders.
A Washington letter in the Bolton Advertiser of
the 20th April says,. iu relation to the Nicaragua
treaty :
Theamendment to the Cass-Yrissari treaty provides that
the Untied States shall engage to use due vigilance and all
lawful means to prevent the organisatim of hostile parties
in this country intended for the invasion of Nicaragua.
While some -prominent gentlemen look upon , this as a
reflection upon our good faititin carrying out thenentralitr
laws, and as,unuecessary, other's are disposed to regard' the
ratification as an evidence of the dispositibn of Nicaragua
to cultivate friendly relations, with us. alight as the
amendment iss it is not certain that it will /4e acceptable- to
the Administration, which has not given to it due conside-
ration. With regard to the efforts- of the ,British' authorities
to revive the obstacles to the Clayton-Bulwer treaty, present
appearances, if not the assurances, are such as not to change
the belief t 't there will be a favourable solution of -'

slat
It has-heretofore been confidently stated that .
..aguay fleet had been ordered to Central America, but
such does not now seem to be probable, althotrg,h several
of the vessels will be. sent to the Gulf, when they shall he
again put in commission. It is considered•that there is
sufficient force in Cbtral America for all practical purposes.
Lord Napier mid family had left for Annapolis,
where he would take his passage in the British
frigate Curacoa for England.