Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-01-11 00:00:00

AMERICAN/JAIVAIRS.

'TOW op 4 QW -,CO,RB,ESPO.NDENT

CONGRESS : CUBA • MEXII; CENTRAL AMERICA ;
SFIOb'LITION FOR THE NEXT PRE-
SIDENCY.‘"CAA:- AND 'MEXICO : PROSPECTS OF
r THEIR AN'NrXATION. SLAVE-TRADE IN
TIIE -UNITRWSTATES.: DETERMINATION 'OF THE
SOUTH TO UPHOLD IT. ENORMOUS COST OF
';'!MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT IN NEW YORK ;
AENALITT MD . EXTRAVAGANCE APPEAL. FOR
CITY REFORM. FALLING OFF• IN. THE SALE.OF
,:Pginap LANDS.. • DECREASE-OF THE " INDIAN "
POPULATION. ,::DIMINUTION OF THE MANUFAC-
TURING CLASS. THE THEATRES MADE PKEACH-
ING HOUSES.. • •

•
i_Congress does not come out yet, as was expected,
M response to •the President's Message, touching
its More critical' matters —such as Cuba, Mexico,
and Central -America, The intelligence from
luaiunnah, as to 'the indigriagon Which has,been
:roused among the, Spanish authorities, and. even
Spanish.. mercantile circles, may not improbably
have some , restraining influence, Mexican affairs
are not yet affording an.y,,itaniediate cause for
interference. And as to -Central America, it
seems to 'be thought necessary' to " get up the
steam " out of doers ; for they have begun to hold
Public
Meetings to consider die propriety of re-u-
-le"-ng' material aid to Walker, the Filibuster.
Another subject of,the Message` is perplexing- both
the GovernMent and their party in ,Congress,"—:
14'14- of Kansas, where there has been a further
reellioiis outbreak." The territory
.appears to .be
dreadfully d.lSoi-ganised 'still - thus again contra,
iowmghetvetro,
ti*tiPg the-representations of the, President. This
..food for Congress, which at present,
keeping Christmas. • - -
The speculations for .the next Presidency .are,
"7
usual, curious and •eonflicting. If, The knowing.
ones thiuk, there is no such " great conservative"
ndiontl•eandidate General Scott," the present
AAPPOtltion—that the RepAlirtraz, as contra-
Lustiaguished from the •Democratic party—cannot
" confidently count upon a victory from the people
in -1t60." In default of some isuch, conservativ-e
Policy, " there will be two opposition parties, us
in 1856 ; or three or four opposition candidates,:•as:
in 1836 or .an anti-slavery 'balance of Power, AS in
-1114.; or an election:by the House of Itepreenta-
Alves; as in 181-t4, compelling a ncic organisation of
P4rties, out-and-out, for the --succestion,.•; -0-u th?
other hand, 4.he administratiox among. the •demo7l
craey holds ,the inevitable balance of power. The
in
position of the President, any event, is secured.
If the party stand by him, the
_party may be recoill
stitteted upon a firm and effleiePtrfooting. But
there are 4io satisfactory stigns to this end. On
the eontrery, , from all ithe -party developments
which hav<-3 followed the Rresiden4 'Nfe.ssage, the
adjournment of this Congress" will findqhe demo-
cracy in more disordered condition than at any
other time:- since .the defeat of ',Nan Buren." Ko
that the' conclusion come to is, " We may antici-
pate a battle for the succession in: which the divi-
sions af. the Opposition upon their sectional issues
of slavery.on the one hand, and :the positive weak-
ness of the democracy on - the other, will most
probably throw the :election into Congress. And
What - then ?" it is- asked. " Why, then; the
answer is, "-the ‘prcelaniation of the new Presi,:
dears Cabinet arallnaugural will be followed by
a Am; organisation of parties, for that politieal—
revfilution which commenced with: the downfall of
rhe bold Whig party will only be perfected with
tlie, removal of the decayed remains of the old
-ucticocratie party from the field. A new order of
Parties is inevitable with or after the election of
1880. In properly taking the initiative the Oppo-
sitionrmay gain..the field, and choose their ground
far the future ; in trusting to the desperate issue
01 the slaveryitagitation, the 'Republicans may
forfeit all they have gained upon a question which
ttaas served its atty." Such are our ever-reeurring,
ever-ending, and most miserable and mischievous
..y-
e s truggl itc —not so much for place in itself,. as
or
Profit and emoluments which the possession
place secures
Et'ile`lhieanzteasttathat is going on thetween President
the aspirant to his chair in 1860
(Mr. Douglas)
resolves itself very much into one
'f_ political degrees. Tho ultimate object of the
P°liey °f each•of them is the same,—that, namely,
of territorial, along, of course, with 'national
-aggrandisement. But the President would pursue
it slowly and stealthily; while his rival competitor
'for Popularity would dash right at it at once—
without, 'as the saing is, " either with your leave,
-or by your- leave." Mr. Buchanan, it is true, has
shewn a strong disposition to take Cuba withov.t
thuleave of Spain, if it cannot he got with it ; but
as regards Mexico, he is more cautious. His
Policy in this case is rather of an absorbing than
an aggressive nature. He would take advantage,
with as little commotion as
_possible, of every
opportunity of swallowing up,- first this adjoining
slice of Mexican territory, and then the other,
until it is all absorbed into the federal -union.
This process of absorption is ..not only a peaceful,
but au economical mode of proceeding ; whereas
the aggllessive policy would be likely to prove
both a belligerent and an expensive one. Either
will probably answer the purpose, ultimately,--
that is to say, if there issue no successfil
obstruction to it from the other side of the ,
Atlantic.

• The "peculiar institution" has:been unfortunate
lately, in' there having occurred so many opportu-
nities 'of illustrating it in seine of its most
revolting aspects. The capture and deportation of
a cargo of negroes, the other day, showed. that not
only slavery, but the,slave-trade, still exists,—the
latter, as many believe, the indispensable feeder of
the _former.
.And since this occurrence, another
slave-ship has actually succeeded in landing some
450 negroes—" wild Africans," they are called,
most ,of which have been taken to A plantation in
the Savannah :river, in South Carolina. One of
the local papers :thus proudly and Christianly
.(!)
boasts .of its consummation :—" The question has
often been asked, what practical good can result
from the agitation of the revival of the slave-
trade? We point to this cargo ,of sturdy
labourers, delivered from the darkness and
barbarism of Africa, :to be elevated and.christian-
ized on our soil !" And then, having ,shawn how it
lessens the price of niggers, it goes on still
to vaunt,—,4 further
And we claim that these results are
the beginning of the blessings to flow in upon the
South from the fearless advocacy of the revival of
the slave-trade by one or two independent presses
in this State and South Carolina. This trade may
_be called piracy by a false construction of a foolish
law ; but the day will come when the South will
._make it the right arm of hal-legitimate commerce."
This is plain speaking, certainly. But it is such as
:shows very forcibly that the South will give up
anothing to the more humane and more enlightened
Vas of the North. The new Governor of South
arolina, in his recent inaugural address, speaks
11148 confidently, not to say arrogantly, of the same
black interest,—" It is to be hoped that no occasion
will arise requiring the State to call upon her sons
for flie defence of. her rights and her institutions—
that our enemies at the North will learn wisdom
from the past, and permit us to quietly manage
our own-affairs in Our own way—that our friends
at the North, by the power of argument and the
force of truth, will be able (if not to convince the
deluded fanatic) to satisfy the minds .of the
intelligent and patriotic of the justice of our cause
and the honesty of our ends, and thus avert the
dangers with which we- are threatened." The
"justice of our cause," is the iniquity of a system
against which all Christendom is crying out ' • and
" the honesty of our ends," is identified with the
practice of man-stealing, and being the receiver of
stolen men, which is, we are told on good
authority as bad as being the thief.
The citizens of New York are evincing a desire
that the new Board of Councilmen should try to
be economical. Another _levy to the amount of
about eight millions of dollars, is going to be
made. It is shown that the Common Council have
the power. _and they will not fail to exercise it—
of 'swelling the expenses of the city to almost any
amount- they 'lease, by authorizing all kinds of
jobs, increasing salaries, and so forth. But .
they are besought to turn Aver a new leaf in the
alleals of the Corporation. "We call upon the