The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-01-19 00:00:00

FRANCE.

PARIS, FRIDAY EVENING.
The following letter, which is published in the
Swiss papers, appears to be an anzende honourable for
the article in the Moniteur, in which the Swiss
Confederation was treated so cavalierly :
Palace of the Tuileries, 7th January.
Sir,_ political letter concerning the stare and the
.Luisnositions of Switzerland has given us much pleasure.
bye have submitted it to his Majesty, and we doubt not
e will be well satisfied with the sentiments which, in
he name of your countrymen, you express towards the
Emperor and trance.
We never had any idea of separating our cause from
ItZars. For us Switzerland is the same as France, and
h we do not entertain the idea of incorporating you
Politically with our empire, we cannot separate your inter-
ests from ours. Moreover, the misunderstanding which the
fir t
8 time caused the mediation of the Emperor to be
/ejected appears to have ceased, and you shall for ever, and
St lisle expense, be rid of the Prussians.
Mr. Frederick Kelley, of New York, expects soon
to have an audience of the Emperor, to explain his
Project for the janction of the Atlantic and Pacific
°ceans. He has been placed in communication
with Count Walewski through Mr. Mason, the
*United States Minister in Paris. M. Walewski
had his maps and sections examined, and a report
drawn up on them, which, together with those of
Mr. Kelley's engineers, have been submitted to the
Ruiperor, and, as soon as his Majesty has leisure
to examine them sufficiently, the audience will,
in all probability, be granted The subject is
°ne with which the Emperor is already familiar.
While a prisoner at Ham he was written to by
several eminent persons of Central America, urging
hurl to solicit his liberation from the Government
9f Louis Philippe with the view of repairing to
wtnerice and assuming the direction of the
111„eeessary works. The Emperor, then Prince Louis
sPoleon, published an interesting paper on the
"blect.
1:. The object of Mr. Kelley in visiting Europe is,
httpDears, to seek the co-operation of the English
saPrench Governments with the American to
ei,,,"‘e a verification of his route, and at the same
1,, a thorough survey of the whole isthmus, in
/vl,,,er to ascertain the best line for a ship canal
boi-uout locks between the two oceans. He pur-
fr B°B to show the Emperor that his route, differing
J3(4° all others in its being without locks or dams,
sufficiently capacious to pass abreast from
tat, to sea two of the largest class ocean
te:rners or sailing vessels in any state of the
in •
thelt commences on the Atlantic side,
tem. Bay of Candelaria, said to be the
it'on that coast. From the bay he proposes that
ascend the Atrato river for a distance of 63
tmitea, to its junction with the Truando river, an
went on the west, in latitude 7°. 15' north, and
ego etude 77° 8' 32" west of Greenwich. The Atrato,
vitt g
eqtin at its mouth, has, he states, nowhere
tit
h.n the above mentioned distance, a less depth
an 47 feet, and an average depth of 75 feet, with
thwid th varying from 350 to 1,000 yards. From
tij,•lilliction he proposes following along the Tru-
,„ `lor deepening that river by means of dredging
j'i'sachines, 15 feet, for a distance of 38 miles, and
then leaving it, making a through cut to Kelly's
/Piet. a further distance of 24 miles, on the
loscific Ocean, in latitude 6° 57' 32' north, and
levels
78° west of Greenwich. A regular line
it levels was run over the Cordilleras from
ease to base, showing the highest point to
.t 7 hut five hundred feet with a steep watershed,
cfr°ugh which he proposes to tunnel for a distance
Tcothree miles The deepest cutting, .he says,
adeld not exceed one hundred and twenty feet,
the average over cutting eighty feet. The
tltttnit level is at the junction, and from which
"e Way the water would flow at the rate of 29
/niles per ho
ts bosom the and in sufficient volume to bear on
the commerce of the world. For the
four years ending Aueust, 1855, Mr. Kelley states
at he has fitted out with good instruments, and
his Own expense, four separate parties of engi-
te.ers for theAtrato Valley (the fourth line indicated
lluniboli), with instructions to examine
r,seral passes leading to the Pacific.
Thtti,,lle maps and sections, which are described as
on. the most plain, detailed, and elaborate
•14'1,11. ave been examined by eminent engineers in
4Zoo arid England. They were discussed before
tet...-'4lal Geographical Society and' the In•
I'''re 1"
of Civil Engineers of London (the latter
mea
°rat w,, riled to Mr. Kelley the Lilford medal),
e:i4 some deductions they appear to have
6'Bts to their practicability. Mr. Kelley sug-
h•irtie the governments interested that if a
v),01 ti. be allotted to each, the survey of the
e --ar isthmus brims could he done in a single season.
elect Clarendon and Mr. Buchanan, the President
fro),n„
t °ee ef. the United States have, it appears,
~ s„d a favourable opinion of the project; and
all interest the Emperor of the French takes
Pren Inatters of the kind it is believed that the
•Iketeteiu Government would join the English and
stevet,`-'an Governments in making the necessary
lierttif.,! in a manner suited to eo useful and im-
T 6 en undertaking.
lrqz de Moniteur de Armee publishes some interest-
etbat„,ails relative to the country round Bolgrad,
1'1.); by a French officer, employed to make
ItecegnriaPhical surveys in the Danubian provinces.
ex,iet
„excavations, carefully exe.-tuted, afford an
the t„inea of the Roman fortification, which bears
:he 'ie of Trajan's wall in Russia, called Tro-
-loi.koi. ,
1 t 21'cil• The ruins of this gigantic rampart
beave two lines nearly parallel ; the first, which is
th
tr.the Danube, commences at the lin3an of
Sea, ?Jester, between Akerman and the Black
at re°ina the extremity of the lake Salsyk,
3boveat,r It then passes the river Yalpuck,
the pr"bak, and finishes on the left bank of
0f
theu tb;
The seen nd4l7lts entire length, in consequence
teowa ab numerous curves, is 38 French leagues.f
tray; begins at the Pruth, near the town of
It 18 leagues from where the first stops.
jsl°°l' C gi the two branches of the Yalpukel. the
°Juie, and ends at the Dniester, below
leaguer and Tiraspol. Its Lull length is about 25
thia• The wall, solidly built, was three yards in
04,1,
,ess
Tand two yards high, with a broad ditch
Pk€7,!.(le• he Roman troops were but ten years
and this work, commenced in the year 105,
nished in 115. The Roman colonies of this
lure
Aver:nee) composed of soldiers and their families,
barb thus protected from - the incursions of the
rians, who descended from the plains of the
1'44,. Danube, carrying with them fire and de-
IttifFlO4ll,. Much has been said lately of Bolgrad
4rtab-; the Bulgarian colonies established in Bes-
-11 ,'', Their history, imperfectly understood,
Nb,-Bslat, in the perfect comprehension of the
uonfe"ron adopted by the great Powers at the last
BignEonce of Paris By the Treaty of Adrianople,
Vier the 14th Sept , 1829, and which closed the
that between Russia and Turkey, it was agreed
lignY of the inhabitants of Roumelia and
ssla rla Who should wish to emigrate to thhe
rar n territory might do so. A number of
4i lan peasants induced by religious motives
Trip core
,Promised themselves for the Russians
4 nt"e the war. They alone availed themselves
hes„ , treaty, and withdrew into Bessarabia,
of tb-e'la)nds we re allotted to them. The Governor
Net; rovince organised them into agricultural
-es, which formed a particular
80l distri
rad.ten ct,
Th. which was g the chief town
vi,"riet was divided into ten cantons, and had
Ina •
`'ll Rea each canton. The Bulgarians are
k akin d
4113' e. in agriculture, and in breeding cattle.
41 elnlgrants, however, returned into Turkey,
(1,, the
tab, se Who remained under the Russian
-atio
h..1)re,,„ n, though prosperous, have not increased.
41"rtion to the ordinary laws of population.
bi theirs'e, moreover, lost all the warlike habits
e 3
v,,ancestors ; the only custom they have
is a love of horseflesh, which they cut
Shea 7-,'S and dry in the sun, They consider this
„ie.t delicate dish they can offer a stranger.
villicultural colonies at present comprise but
ki:lleavisages, of which 75 are inhabited by
(41,0 n
4 8, and eight by Roumelians, who emi-
A. the treaty of Adrianople. The town
4 3, B
at, ceded to Russia by the last treaty of
i
the tbo ore proper for its new desti
pitaml of the agricultural colonies,nation
inas-

much as it contains large barracks and numerous
public buildings. It is reached, moreover by seve-
ral good roads, well maintained. The new territory
leded to Russia is situated in the best part of the
province, and the most advantageous, except in point
of position. The river Yalpuk, which has been
likewise much spoken of lately, is formed by the
two affluents of the Yalpukel, which run parallel to
each other to the little port of Andreaska, where
they meet to form a very shallow stream in
summer, but which is navigable in some parts
during the great floods. The Yalpuk falls near
Bolgrad into the lake of the same name. Lake
Yalpuk is ten leagues in length. In summer
it forms merely a vast marsh. It does not
communicate directly with the Danube, but
by a small canal a verst long, which ends
near the port of Ismail. A communication is
possible during a part of the year between Bolgrad
and the Danube. The Yalpuk flows between two
other rivers, which animate and fertilise that
country. One is the Pruth, which has attained
some celebrity during every war between Russia
and Turkey. The other is the Cogilnic, which
takes its source a little above Kishenau, and falls
into lake Salsyk, near Tartar Bunar. This lake,
like the lake Bourna Sola, is a vast sheet of water
situate along the Black Sea between the Danube
and the Dniester.

A letter from Parma of the Bth inst., informs us
that the departure of the Austrians-is-Axed for next
month. A great act of justice has been performed
by the Duchess Regent. The members of the Pro-
visional Government were compelled some years
past to pay to the Treasury a large sum of money,
under pretence that during their government they
had committed serious financial errom This
measure was at the same time an act of revenge
and a means of enriching the Treasury. The
Government has now commanded that this money
shall be returned. Of the persons imprisoned for
political causes the Chambre des Mises en Accusa-
tion has declared that as to 11 there is no evidence
to justify their being tried, and they have been
discharged. Eleven others are to be tried by the
ordinary tribunals.

A letter from Rome, oflthe 7th inst , states that a
great military ceremony, which was to have taken
place that day at Mont o-Pincio, under the orders
of General Goyon, had been postponed in conse-
quence of the bad weather. The official journal
announces the appointment of Count Andrea Al bor-
ghetti to the functions •of Cameriere d'onore to his
Holiness. The Count is likewise a member of the
Committee of Finance. The collection of taxes
is being carried out with increased severity in the
Papal States. It is still rumoured that the Pope
and the Emperor of Austria are to meet in some
part of the Roman territories.

- Letters from Naples, of the 12th, state that the
King, on hearing of the assassination of the Arch-
bishop of Paris, countermanded the ball which
was to have been given at the Palace, ordered the
theatres to be closed for three days, and provided
that expiatory prayers be offered up. The fetes
which were to commence on the 12th. on the occa-
sion of the birthday of the King were put a stop
to. Two cafes at Naples had been surrrounded
two days before by the police authorities, and 60
persons arrested. It was thought that a Mazzinian
plot had been discovered. A degree of uneasiness
prevailed among the population.
The price of meat for the second fortnight of
the present month is fixed as follows:—Ox beef,
Ist category, if 96c the kilogramme; 2nd, if 580 ;
3rd, if 18c; 4th, 87c (each 60 higher.) Cow and
bull beef, Ist category, if 43e ; 2nd, If ; 3rd, 60c ;
4th, 39c (each unvaried.) Veal, Ist category, 2f 33;
2nd, if 63c; 3rd, If 42c (each 2c lower.) Mutton,
Ist category, if 85c; 2nd, if 39c; 3rd, if 15c
(each unvaried )
_ _ _

The price of bread for the same period remains
fixed at 45e. the 2lb loaf, first quality.
The receipts of the Orleans Railway Company
for the week ending the 7th instant, amount to
927,908 f. 100., being an increase of 191,597 f. 9c. as
compared with the corresponding week of last year.
The receipts from the Ist of January to the 31st of
December, 1856, amount to 53,013,542 f. 92e., being
an increase as compared with the year 1855, of
181,268 f. 96e.

MARSEILLES Jan. 14.
The cannon of Forts St. Nicholas and St. John
announced at eleven last evening the arrival of the
corvette of war Roland, having on board Feruk
Khan, the Persian Ambassador. His Excellency
did not land until this morning. The civil and
military authorities waited for him at the landing-
place, with a guard of honour, composed of detach-
ments from the regiments in garrison here. A
brilliant cortege was formed, which was preceded
and followed by a squadron of Lancers. To morrow
General Rostolan will review the garrison in the
Plain St. Michael, in compliment to the Persian
Ambassador.

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, JAN. 14.

The balance sheet of the National Bank, for the
year 1856, has been published, and on the whole it
is not unsatisfactory- The stock of silver is
87,240,609f1-, and the paper circulation 380,181,085f1.
Out of the 50,000 new shares at 70011 for the esta-
blishment of a mortgage bank, 47,500 have been
paid up. The sum received was 33,250,000 fl ; but,
as some of the shares were paid in paper instead of
silver, the subscribers had to pay the difference,
which amounted to 2,483,154f1. The bank direction
announces that a further increase in the stock of
specie will take place " without in any way affecting
the revenue of the bank." The meaning of the phrase
probably is, that silver has already been purchased
abroad. The least favourable part of the account given
by the direction of the Bank is, that only 4,751,300f1.
out of the above mentioned 33,250,000 ft will; lent on
mortgage, "as satisfactory security was not to be
obtained." The fact is, that the statutes of the
Mortgage 'Bank are of such a nature that no one
has any chance of obtaining a loan on his property
unless it is worth at least three times as much as
the sum required. It is also announced that the
Bank has taken possession of nearly all the
domains which were ceded by the State as security
for the sum of 152,500,000f1., which is part of its
debt to the establishment in question.
The most important local news is, that Lady
Seymour gave a soiree dansante on the 12th, which
was attended by the whole diplomatic corps and
the whole nobility. About 200 persons were
present. Lady Seymour's balls are quite the
fashion this season, but
_unfortunately the apart-
ments are not large enough to contain one half of
the persons who fancy they have " a right" to be
invited to the house of the British Minister.

PRUSSIA.

BERLIN, JAN. 15.

Since I sent you my summary of the diplomatic
missives that have been issued in the Neuchatel
affair during the last three mouths that the com-
plication has been sur le tapis, the Nord and the
TVeser Zeituuq have published the text of two of the
notes of which I was able then only to give you the
purport; the one was the Prussian note to Austria
in answer to the Austrian note, proposing the
calling of a Conference for the regulation of
the Neuchatel sovereignty without reference to
the fate of the prisoners ; and the other, the
Austrian Note of the 6th instant, proposing
again to leave the matter to the settlement of a
Conference subsequently to the liberation of the
prisoners. As the contents of the two Notes do not
add to or in any way invalidate the sketch I have
already given you of their purport, it is hardly
necessary to trouble you with a translation ; it is
to be hoped that to-day's deliberations of the Swiss
Federal Assembly will have so thoroughly altered
the position of affairs, as to deprive these recent
polemics of all interest. Although diplomatic P
every one here seems to entertain a confident
expectation that the Representative Assembly of
Switzerland will be possessed of sufficient sangfroid
to admit of their rightly judging of the situation,
it is not without anxiety that the intelligence that
the telegraph will bring is looked for.
The Preussiselie Correspondenz has indulged its
feelings in the following concise statement :
The vaunting artticles of the recent numbers of the