Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-09-17 00:00:00

THE TRADE OF THE NORTH-EAST PORTS.

During the mt month, the custom -eturns show a very satisfactory
increase in the exportation of artiiks of man facture from the prin-
cipal ports on the north-east coast Th 3 iisc es.s. at Newc3.. le w. 5
from 103,4661 in August !ast year. to 143,9271. this; t Middlesbo-
rough, from 39,5821., to 59,0271.; and at the Hartlepools from 195,6621
14,2.8,2591. 'flier-, has b.fen a falling off in the exqortatiol of coals
to foreign ports during the m.nith ; but the re:u ns show a latis•
factory increase in the expor aton of coals coastwise, The ryne has
exported 172,694 tons, against 11,351 tons last August ; the W.cr
(Sunderland) 124,354 tons this yenr. amin-t 113:501 last: and the
Hlrropools, 92,913 tons. against 82,031. Tee imdor:ation of coals
tato Loudon in Angust from cash port was:—
Ships. Ports. Tons.
235 Newcastle... • • .... 84.487
107' Seahsm
173' Su seerland .
to Middlesborough a. 70.;
188 El irtlepool and West Hartlepool ..
6 Blyth .• • • 1,2 0
81 Scotch, Welsh, tic.

826 ..
And the increase in the impo-rat on of ses borne coal nto London
during the tear has beta 21,2964t0nt. At thi prevent time the north
east ports are crowded with shipping. sod the freights are ne.es-
eerily low ; on Saturday, they *.gcre from 69. to 6e. 9i. per ton, from
Ilewcastle to London.

B t)Y3' CLOTHING MADE WITH GIEAT TASTE, at LEWIS r.nd
voMrnttrJ, tsaucagu-streCt.

" ADVERSITY MAKRi us ACQUAINTED WITH STRGSGE
BErveteows."—A captain at the Bengal Native Infantry,
writing home from Mheve, says :—" Tue first night weer)
I lay down to rest I was between a young lady who had
only arrived in the country three menthe, end snne
married soldier's wife. I dared not stir, for I feared
might put my foot into the young lady's mouth, or into
that of the other. In other circumstances however
delightful it might be to me to be in the propinquity of
the fair sex, I considered myself in the most disegreeable
quandary at the time. Had any ono unacquainted with
our situation passed by, we should have been taken for
members of the Mormon school."
INFORMATION AGAINST A COAL PROPAISTOR AT BOL.
TON.—IMPORTANT Decisices —At the Town Hall, -Little
Bolton, on Monday Mr. Dickenson, impector of coal
mines, appeared to prefer a charge against James Hard.
castle, Esq., of Firweod, for having on the 2nd July, at
Breightmet Colliery. known as the "Roadside Pit," neg-
lected to observe the 7th general role of "An Act to
Amend the Law for the Inspection of Coal mines," by not
providing a prop.r steam gnage for the steam boiler
used at the mid colliery, whereby he had rendered himself-1
liable to a penalty of £s.—Mr. Richardson appeared for
Mr. Dickeneon. and Mr. Hardeastlo appeared in his own
behalf and cross-examined Mr. Dickenson at considerable
length. It appeared that for a number of years this boiler
has had one of " Salter's Spring Balances" attached to it,
as well as a safety valve, the spring balance being affixed
in the stead of a guage; but from the evidence of Mr.
Dickenson, he did not consider it sufficient, as it only in-
dicated the pressure of steam at the blowing-off-point,
therefore only acting as a safety valve ; and he said it wag
necessary, to prevent accidents, that the engineer should
be able to keow the pressure of steam at any time by
looking at the guage, as in was of as great importance to
have sufficient steam as to avoid having too much, es, in
case of a weight descending the pit, it might overpower
that which was ascendingeaud the " break" would net be
sufficient to prevent the cage coming up the shaft, being
wound over the pully, therefore it was necessary to have a
sufficient quantity of steam at all times to assist the
" break." Salter's spring balance would not indicate the
pressure of steam only at a o-rtain fixed pressure, unless
the engine driver unscrewed it to ascertain the quantity,
which he- did not consider was sufficient to meet the
requirements of the act of parliament to prevent weal-pit
accidents. Ile did not, he sail, make a point of recom-
mending any particular guage, leaving that to the selection
of the proprietors, but he considered all boilers ought to
have an open-top mercurial guage, or some other proper
one, eons to be able to ascertain at all times iv looking
at it, whether there was too much er too little water in
the boiler. He knew nothing so safe as the mercurial
guage. Mr. Herdeastla in reply to the evidence of Mr.
Dickenson, coatcoded that he had not shown that Salter's
spring balance did not act in every respect as a page; it
was capable of being tested as. to w'beLher it would or not,
and he should 1: ke the magistrate to inspect it ; the whole
was a very simple and safe invention, and he did not wish
to be driven from what he had used for so many years.—
Mr. Andrews, magistrate, observed that the re ,1 question
wag, whether Salter's spring balance measured the steam
at every stage, high or low, more or less ? if it did they
should say it was a proper gulp, if it did not he did not
think it was.—Mr. Dickenson said it was neither more or
less than a steam valve.—M-. Har Icastle then called Mr.
Jackson, surveyor and civil engineer, who said that he was
the ‘‘ viewer" at llreighmet Colliery, and that the entire
appliances at the pit spoken of were good and complete, ,
and he knew no better for what they had to do. He could
ascertain with the spring balance what degree of pressure
of steam was in the boiler at all timed. He could
tell by the ear as well as by turning the screw on it, when
the pressure was below a certain given amount at which it
was fixed to blow c ff. Ile elm thought Salter's
spring balance less liable to get out of order. They were
applied to other steam boilers besides at collieries, and
were also generally applied to locomotive!. In his opinion,
they are proper steam guages. Mr. Richardson in reply
sail, Mr. Jackson, he considered, had completely proved
Mr. Dickenson's case, as the engineer according to his own
showing could not tell by it when it was at blowing-off
point, unless by using tnechaaicel reeans.—Mr. Heywood,
magistrate, said he could not consider it a real indicator,
when it required the screw to be turned by the engineer ;
it was not as the mercurial gauge, a self-indicator. The
magistrates having retired to consider their decision, on
returnirg into court Mr. Andrews sad the opinion of the
bench was, that it was not a proper steam guage, at the
same time Mr. Haedcastle had done what he considered
best; bat they. thought that the requirement of the act
world tot be complied with if the best that could be got
was not supplied to prevent accidents ; they therefore
imposed the mitigated penalty of 20e and costs,

A MISSIONARY'S ACCOUNT OF THE INDIAN

OUTBREAK,

The Rev. Mr. Hay, the American missionary In India,
who escaped from Allahebad, returned to Southampton
from London on Paturday night. In London he hal an in-
terview with Sir Charles Trevolyan. The Chairman of the
East India Company was anxious to see Mr. Hay, but his
wife was so ill at Southampton that Mr. Hay could not pro-
lor g his stay in the metropolis. Being one of the first per-
sons who has come from the heart of the mutinous districts,
and being thoroughly acquainted with the history and
extent of the mutiny, and with its nature and bearings, his
society has been anxiously sought after for information.
His account of the rise of the mutiny and defeat of the
mutineers at Allahabad is exceedingly interesting. Alla-
habad contained about 100,000 inhabitants at the time of
the mutiny. There had been several panics in the city
for some time before the revolt broke out there, and three
weeks before there was any fighting the city was patrolled,
and European women and children were ordered into the
fort At times the alarm died away, and the women
wenn come out cf the f rt. The expectation was that
the city would be attack d by mutiueers from Benaree.
At length a chief raised the standard of insurrection. No
European knew who he was ; some said he was a Moulvie,
that is, a Mehernedan religious teacher, something like the
padre of the Portuguese ; others that he was a native
officer ; others that he was a weaver by trade. He, how-
ever, represented himsel' as a viceroy of the King ofDelhi.
He commanded about 4,000 of the mutineers. Mr. Hey
speaks in the highest terms of Major Brazier and Colonel
Neil, with both cf whom he was personally acquainted.
Major Brazier rote from the ranks. He commanded the
Sikhs at Allahabad, and exercised great influence over
them. It was to him that the Europeans were indebted
for preventing the rebels from taking the fort. Had they
done so, scarcely anything would have driven them out of
it, for it is constructed on an European model. Nothing
would induce the rebel Sepeys who beseiged it to come
near, so much did they dread its guns. On the 13th of June
Cal. Neil cannonaded Deraghung, a suburb of Allahabad
Btazitr behaved here with distinguished gallantry. The
chief of the mutineers was taken prisoner. He was a
young man magnificently dressed, and was said to be a
nephew of the Moutvie, who headed the mutiny inside
the walls. Major Brazier, surrounded by a few Sikh
soldiers, ordered the chief to be brought before him to be
interrogated. After being questioned he was ordered to
be taken to a place of confinement. His arms
were loosely fastened behind him. Before he left the
presence of the major he, by a great effort, caught at a
sword that was within his reach, and made a cut at one of
the Sikhs. Brazier and all the Sikhs fell upon him, and
the former wrested the sword from the prisoner's haul ;
but the enraged Sikhs, while the chief was peostrate,
placed their heels on his head and literally mailed out his
brains, and the body wit. thrown outside the gates there.
It was owing to General Neil's gallantry that all the
Europeans in Beneres were not massac -ad, After saving
Benares the general arrived at Allahabad, and superseded
Colonel Simpson After cannonadirg Degaghung, he
attacked and burnt the lower par. of the city on the 14th
of June. The head quarters of the Moulvie ware in the
higher part of the city, at the old Mehum dan gardens.
There the prisoners of the mutineers were con-
fined, and among them were the native Chris-
tian teachers belonging to Mr. Hay's misiion
establi,hment. On the 17th of June, Colonel
Nei', with about 500 Europeans and 800 Sikhs, comple'ely
defeated the Moulvie and his 4,000 troops. The native
Christians know, from the manner in which the mutineers
returned to their heed.querters —bloody, hurried, and dis-
pirited, that they had met wilt a defeat, and • they
counselled ono another and their families to keep up
their spirits, for they knew that the defeated mutineers
would not stand another battle. flure enough on the
morning of the 18th they evacuated the place, and the
native teachers wore liberated. Hunovian, a wealthy
Hindoo Zemindar, befriended them until they got to a
place of safety.
Mr. Hay is decidedly of opinion that Delhi will not he
taken before November or December. He has visited Delhi.
The fort is built after the native fashion. Heavy guns
would soon batter down its walls. -Unfortunately the guns
which were sent to batter them down were captured by the
rebels at Phillour. When Mr. Hay left nilahsbad the
Eaglith troops before Delhi were scarcely able to hold
their own ; although always beatio!, the mutineers in every
attack, they had slightly recededirom their original pe-
sition. It takes nearly fifty days for troops to get to
Delhi from' Calcutta. Mr. Hay was seventeen days getting
to the latter place from Allahabad. He went down to
Calcutta in a steamboat. Wilde he was on the voyage Sir
Norman Leslie an l other officers were massacred near
Dinapore by Sepoys belon ing to the very regiments,
the mutiny of which was announced on Monday
by electric telegraph. The assassins of Sir Norman
Leslie were caught, tied up from the backs of elephanis to
a gallows, and then swung cff. The soldiers of their own
regiments were made executioners, an! it was boasted at
the time that one of the assassins was hung by his own
father, in order to show the loyalty of the regiments Mr.
Hay says that many old East Indians foretold that these
troops would ultimately mutiny, and that there could be no
doubt they sympathised with the assassins of Leslie and his
brother officers. Their turning executioners, anti a father
hanging his own son, were only a blind. They were biding
their time. Mr. Hay thinks the news of the mutiny at
Divapore is bad news, because it shows that the communi—
cations between Calcutta and Delhi may be interrupted,.
There is one thing, however, to be considered; the mutineers
have no guns in the neighbourhood, and they have a very
wholesome dead of tae steamers passing
_between Cal-
cutta and Allahabad, all of which carry guns. He thinks
also, that the telegraph despatch on Monday, did not
contain g sod news generally from India. It can hardly
be said that Central India is tranquillised ; it must be
only small portions of it. The mutinies at Dinapere
and in the Bombay Presidency, are ominous of evil.
He was twenty days in Calcutta, before he left for Eng.
land ; during that time, there had been two or three panics
there, and pe sons living in the outskirts had taken
refuge in the fort, and on board the ships. Confidence,
however, was restored when he lefr, owing chiefly to
1,700 troops from China that were landed from the Hima-
laya. It was at one time fully expected that the restive
Mahomedatt servants would rebel in- Calcutta. Num•
bens had been. saying to the European children of whom
they had charge, that all the houses in Calcutta would
soon belong to the na ivos A converted Brahmia
in Calcutta had been accosted by natives who did not
know of his conversion, and was told that there would be
a general rise- in Calcutta, anl that the troops would be
assisted by the native servants in driving out the English.
About s,ooofresh troops had arrived, and bean sent up
the country since the mutiny broke out. Tney go up by
steamers as far as Allahabad, which is situated at the
junction of the Jumna and the Ganges Mr. Hay, as he
was proceeding to Calcutta, met General Havelock and his
forces going up the country. He considered that Havelock
would, after leaving Cawnpare, proceed to destroy Nena
Sahib at Bithoor before he went to relieve Lucknow, to
prevent Nena from occupying the roar with any force. It is
most satisfactory to find,, however, that Havelock had ap•
perently considered himself enabled to g' on to Lucknow
without first accomplehiug the destruction of Nena, because
Lncknow was in so much need of succour. Probably Have-
lock has left the future chastisement of the arch traitor
to Colonel Neil, who must have moved on from Allaha-
bad.. Mr. Hay considers that Agra must have fallen by
this time, unless relieved. He states that on his passage
to England he met a French c dicer, a Captain La Four,
who had been in the Punjauh war, and knew Nona Sahib
intimately, and saw him at Cewnpore after the mutiny had
broken out at Delhi. To sho ee the duplicity of this
scoundrel, he lamented to Captain La Fous the outbreak,
arid stated that he could hardly believe it—it was most
shameful. There cannot be a doubt that he had been
privy to it, was gloating over its atrocities, and was plan-
ning the most hellish treachery all the time. After being
defeated at Cawnpote and Futteypore, he has escaped
at his castle at Bahoor, which is well defended with
cannon.

_Mr. Hay thinks the issuing of the greased cartridges to,
have been a great mistake. The intelligent leaders of the
mutineers well understood that the greased cartridges
were withdrawn, and that the Government explanations
were satisfactory ; but the illiterate natives never were
convinced that the outrage on their religion was discon-
tinued. It was also an error to sentence the,Bo high caste
men at Meerut to five y, ars' imprisonment for refusing to
use the cartridges. They were al nstiva gentlemen
belonging to a cavalry regiment. The sepoys would
have greased the cartridges themselves, and used
sheep's fat, a material which scarcely a Mahomedan
or klindoo would have scrupled to use. The
colour of the pa;,er of the cartridges being different from
that which had hitherto been used, and the paper being
greasy, excited suspicion and alarm. Mr. Hay says that the
British Government should have declared itself a Christian
Government. It ehou'd not have persecutod the natives in
order to make them Christians, but it should have set its
face against caste as much as against widow-burning The
Government relied upon keeping alive the ignorant prejudice
of Hindoos and Mahometans, and preserving its authority
by balancing race against race and religion against religion,
and the mutiny shows that its scheme has signally failed.
The missionary schools were twice as crowded as the govern-
ment schools. In the former the Bible and catechism were
taught, and he schools commenced and ended with prayer.
In the latter, until very recently, the Bible was excluded.
The Koran and the Ehaster were in the government schools ;
but nb prJessor was ever allowed, even if requested, to
explain anything with reference to the Bible, not even as
an historical book. Nearly all the native professors and

graduates of the government universities and schools are
atheists. Their education caused them to disbelieve
Paganism, and they were not encouraged to believe in
Christianity. Many of them a-e implicated in the
present revolt Some extrao_dinary disclosures have yet
to be made public on this mater. Names are mentioned
in Calcutta of persons who it is expected will yet be com-
promised. It is expected that Sir Colin Campbell will
proceed up to Allahabed, or some such central place, where
he can best superintend the disposal of troops where
they are :ranted. The writer asked el r. Hay if he had
any doubt as to the ultimate defeat of the mutineers.
He said he had not the slightest doubt of their defeat.
There are about 21,000 European troops uow up in the
North West Provinces. The rikhs, he believes, will be
faithful; at least they have no sympathy with the Mahom-
medans and H;ndoos. The missionaries who were killed
in Delhi were Erglise church missionaries. Mr. Hay be-
lieves that four of his brother American missionaries, with
their families, dear friends of his, and with whom he cor-
respondee, weremasfracred at Futtyghur. It is possible
that some men who a; e now missing may turn up again,
but no woman could live in the jungle in consequence of
the intense heat at this time of the year. A railway offi-
cial, who hid away in a bungalow fur five days, and during
that time took nothing iuside his lips but water, escaped
with his life All the nor-combatants were ordered out
of Allahabad by Colonel Neil. The European troops are
now much impeded in proceeding up the country from
Cal"utta in consequence of the camping stations having
been destroyed by the mutineers.
Mr. Hay proceeds to New York in the Argo. He seems
to hare a mast intimtee knowledge of everything relating
to the mutiny, and it almost seems a pity that he should
leave the country without giving to the people of England
the fruits of h's experience and knowledge of Indian affairs.
He had too much trouble with a si k wife, who was con-
fined while on her voyage to England, and two young chil-
dren, to write on the voyage ; but he purposes drawing up a
statement (o.v ) during his voyage to New York. Some
arrangements ought to be made at once to receive the
fugitives from laths, who will cense home by ev ry mail
picket, at Southampton. Mr. Hay was driven away
penniless leas Ilindostan. His expenses increased beyond
his expectation on the voyage, particularly in passing
through Egypt. If any one connected with the magnifi-
cent fund now raising in this country had been stationed
in Southampton, so as to have offered him assistance, such
an offer would have been esteemed a graceful act in
America, and would have relieved a man of a sacred
profession and high intelligence in a strange land of some
temporary anxiety. Of course the distinguished society
to which Mr. Hay has the honour to belong are well able
to support its missionaries. Mr. Hay attended a prayer
meeting of the United Dissenting Christian Churches on
behalf of the sufferers in India, at the above-bar chapel, in
Southampton.