The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-04-23 00:00:00

kilometre was about 28,246 f., and the expanse
14,5141., leaving a profit of 13,7321. per kilometre.
From these returns We learn that a train between
Turin and Genoa costs 4'. 15c. per kilometre, and
produces 81. sici Bet Ween Alexandria and Arona
the cost is 3f.llc.,and the receipts sf. 41e. lletween
Turin and Susa it is V. 230. to SF. 81e. Bet Ween
Turin and Pinerolo, 2f 92c to 5f 47c; and between
Mortara and. Vigevano, 21 95c to 3f 29c, giving an
average expense of 3f 75c; and a receipt of 7f 30c,
or au average profit of 3f 55c per kilometre for each
train. It must be borne in mind that all these
calculations refer to a year of war, when the price
of coal and• Machinery were greatly augmented,
and the freight from England nearly double the
ordinary rate, so that it may be fairly expected the
returns of 1856 Will show a considerably increased
profit, eveti supposing there shonld have been no
increase of movement, which is not liheiy.

A pictorial military album of the Crimean expe,
dition has just been published here, by order of
the minister of war, froin drawings made by the
staff corps. It is divided into three parts. The
fir3t contains plans of the camps and .establish-
ments; showing the general plan, and even details
of the-hospitals, huttings, and fortifications thrown
up towards the Tchernaya, &I. The second canes
tains drawings or panoramas of the head quarters
of the Sardinian army and the camps of the differ-
ent divisions. The third contains sketches of the
reco- nnaigeance of the Sardinian troops in the Valley
of Balder, of the movements towards Shulin,
and those on the heights of Belbek, of the battle of
the Tchernaya, and of the Works of attack and defence
at Sebastopol. The whole is admirably eXecuted,
both in drawing and engraving, and forms a worthy
memorial of the corps from which it emanates, as
well as of the Sardinian army in general. Notwith-
standing the very backward state of all agricultural
proceedings, in consequence di late cold winds, with
rain which succeeded some comparatively mild wea-
ther at the beginning of the month, and, although
the mulberry trees have hardly. yet begtin to bud,
it is said that Many engagements have already been
ma le for cocoons at the rate of 75f the miria. A
great improvement is being introduced here in
machinery for winding and spinning silk direet
from the cocoons, according to an invention of
Mr. Dickens. of Middleton, near Manchester, the
machinery for which has been manufactured by
MASI'S. Gordon & do., of Stockport. Some of the
principal manufacturers •in this country speak
most faiotirably of this gystere, of the working of
the machinery,, anti the superior duality of the
silk produced by it. I have lately Seen au
mense•building in course of construction at Novara
for the purpose of carrying out this system on a
very extensive scale. It is the property of a Com-
pany presided ovdr by the Cavaliere Rossi, the
Syndic of that town, and is so built that, if desired,
it can be increased to four times its preient size
without inconvenience, but even in its existing pro
portioos it wiil have 12,000 spindles, driven by two
12-horse power condensing engines. and employ-
ing between 300 and 400 hands Mr. Emerson, of
the firm of Gordon and Co.. is superintending the
arrangements for carrying out the building and
putting up the machinery, which, it is hoped,
will be ready for the coming crop, and which, if
successful, is likely to effect a perfect revolution in
the silk manufacture of this country. The princi-
pal advant up expected from this, system are—the
power to r at all seasons any kind of cocoons
not positively injured ; to reel aith lukewarm water;
to employ Children as operatives ; to obtain a more
even and elastic thread ; a certainty in the minimum
of twist required, thereby . avoiding excess ; the
power to disengage or set in motion any one of the
spin lies and bobbins without stopping the remain-
der; a greater extraction of silk front the cocoons;
and a vast economy in cost of machinery, in wages,
in space, and in power.
The Grand Duke of Tuscany has caused the
folloWing circular to be addressed to all officials
in his dominions

Sir,—His Imperial and Royal, highness the Grand
Duke, penetrated by the increaSin; necessity of pre-
serving in the Slate, and chiefly in the churches and
other public establishments, those precious objects of art
wi.h which the genius or the religious piety of our ances-
tors enriched the country; while desirous of reinforcing
the disposition of the ancient and existing ordinances,
together with all those ulterior provisions that may be
judged efficacious to the sa:ne object, desires also that
the vigilance and energy of the judicial, political, and
administrative authorities should be excited, in order
that in every case the most vigorous and exact observance
of the superior ordinances may accrue therefrom to the
law of the 26th of December, 1754, revived by the Laws
and Custom-house Tariff of the 30th of August, 1781, and
the 18th of o,:tober, 1791, recalled in vigour by the noti-
fication of the 9th of May, 1814, and succeeding ordi-
nances, and by the disposition of which it is forbidden
to export from the State ancient pictures without a
special license ; and to the dispositions published by
the notification of the Imperial Royal Consulta, dated
the 23rd of October, 1818; by which was confirmed the
already existing laws on the inalienability of the monu-
ments of art belonging to royal or public establishments
and religious places depending on the same ; and the pro-
hibition to alienate similar objects was extended to
churches and their dependencies, whoever might be the
patron; to the religious corporations, to conservators, to
religious corporations, to hospitals, and in general to all
establishments, whether ecclesiastical or of public piety,
unless that an express authorisation shall have been
accorded in the manner and respectively under the penal-
ties laid down in the notification itself,

I impart this to you that it mly serve as a rule, and
secure the exact and constant fulfilment of the above
dispositions, while, with distinguishel respect, I re-
main, Scc. _ _

From the ministry of —, April 6. 1857.
The Gazette of Ferrara of the 7ch inst., eays that
the mixed Austro-Papal Commission was ocoupied
in deciding on the best means of avoiding the
dangerous effects from miasma and foul air in
draining the fo§Se of that fortress. The works
were to be commenced during the present season
and abandoned in the summer, but renewed again
in the autumn