Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-09-15 00:00:00

TURKEY.

CONSTANTINOPLE, SEPT 5.
vaclilier cue at all familiar with the weak
little
Niei:',acc:i at the decision displayed by His
thrpl during the late poliCcs.l crisis. Not all the
10e;,,8,`,8. nor aggressive acts of the confederate dip-
ovec"sts, could make him yield ; but, the struggle
alllnei and the battle won, his energy has failed.
oft Instead
9f following up his triumph, and shaking
,a4t foreign influence, he has in one moment
iiNtehn, dere(' all the advantage gained, and by lend-
-11101. IPscif to a shameful intrigue proved once
tSci ,13 the world that ho knows not how to be
lted%—hrl.cletit. He has consented to remove
the 'Reuld Pasha from office. No one could blame
the Sul for this measure, did it appear that
cotditieuid had in any way forfeited his masters's
Ilse I.:hence and goodwill. But the Sultan himself
eeapTen care to let 1.13 know that such is not the
y a°s'allnß Rodschid, since his removal, that
Araill,n,a(ience is still boundless, and his desire to
that "anself of his services as great as ever, but
whilecireuttistances prevent him doing so for a
se What
these circumstances are is soon told. Re d-
tietta "rias tnany enemies. During the late conflict,
lea of their country's honour, they were
Itegdn'd with the stranger. This policy fai'ed, but
theiBellid ceased to be Grawd Vizier, and some of
he number crept into the Ministry. Still Redschid
end ;,!irl important office; his influence was great,
he I,;'. sserned likely that he would he soon again at
of affairs. But it was represented to the
i
Anabthat it would be very agreeable to the French
,bed "sador and to the Emperor if the Minister who•
'alto 8° successfully resisted th•iir demands were
es gether set aside. As diplomatic relations were
qfilifned and M. Thcuvenel would shortly have an
ten,e'si audience, such a measure would eff'ce any
tiib-11),,ant of bitterness linking in the bosom of that
'lllatist, and be very grateful to the feelings of
show' 111Peror. And so the only man who has
to the any any governing talent has ceased to belong
pango Ministry. He has been replaced by Fuad
tin 4, who, it will be remembered, when last in
°el Made such a mess of the Bolgrad question

that its solution seemed quite hopeless. A further
change will probably soon take place. Mehemet
Kepisli will become Grand Vizier, and then the
party in power will have rallied all the talent it
can command, and try to hold its ground as long
as it can.

And this is Low the game of Ministers is
played here. Now one influence, now another
disposes of the places ; as for the interests of the
country 'or the opinions of the public, they are
counted as nothing. But the day is not far off
when, even in Turkey, the public voice will speak
so loudly that it will force a hearing. Since
tine war the middle and even the lower
classes of Turks have singularly opened their
eyes. They are beginning to see and feel that
they are forgotten in the race of a few greedy
Pashas after the public moneys. They will not
long consent to see the wealth and resources of
their country andered by improvident and
incapable Ministers. . The extravagant expendi-
ture of the Sultan and his women, the endless
palaces he is every day building, are becoming
common themes of discussion in all the cafenelts.
Only two days ago, in the sacred subitrh of
Eyoub, the City of the Tombs, the abode of the
most fanatic Mussulmans, the last place in
Stamboul where one would expect to hear sedi-
tious language, a white-!_urbanned Tuik, in the
middle of a large group, asked me Whether
it was true that the Kings of England had not
built themselves a new palace for upwards of
200 years. " Why,' he says, " our Padishalis
build themselves one every year. How can a
country be rich when its wealth is so heedlessly
squandered. You are wise, and do not let your
Kings do as they like." With all the religious
prestige which surrounds the Imperial person, such
opinions must not gain mach ground among the
people to become serious. Hitherto, all at-
tempts at reform in Turkey have been frus-
trated by the corruption of the upper classes
These constitute an army cf placemen, depen-
dent on the State for their support. Accus-
tomed to indulge themselves in every luxury, they
are oWiged to invent perquisites, that they may
e.fferd themselves an expenditure far above their
salaries. Nothing is to be expected from a class
thus situated. Though they may possess talents,
and acquire knowledge, they cannot acquire
honesty ; their talet4s and knowledge they must
apply to dishonest purposes Unfortunately, this
class is every day increasing ; beys, from the pro-
vinces, set vants and slaves of high functionaries,
are every day receiving civil rank, and increasing
the number of useless pensioners of the Govern-
ment ; several thousand persons have been added
to the Est in less than a year
If there is any hope for Turkey it must rest on
the middle and lower classes; here alone is still
found the antique and proverldal honesty of the
Turk. They are gradually developing themselves,
learning the history of the world, and every clay
becoming 11107 e and more initiated into the real
condition of their country• They will rouse them-
selves to energy at no very remote period, and then
woe to those who now so superbly lord it over
them.

AUSTRIA,

VIENNA, SEPT. 11.

The ecrrectness of my so often repeated asser-
tion, that no greater political privileges would be
granted to the Hungarians than to the inhabitants
of the other provinces of the Empire, has frequently
been called in question by other writers for the
press, but the subjoined official document proves
that you have not been misinformed.
Dear Cousin Archduke Albrecht,—During my recent
tour through the greatfr part of my kingdom of Hungary
I everywhere met with the most lively expression cf
attachment on the part of the different races, and inflamer-
tOle striking, and on all occasions well. meant, proofs of
loyal hom ge and tincere devotion.
I also observed with satisfaction the remarkable progress
which Hungary has made in all rear acts since I travelled
through it five years ago, and convinced myself that the in-
stitutions which—after ripe conside.ation and with due
regard to the peculiarities of the country—were introduced
in accordance with my organic ordinances of December 31,
1851, have essentially contributed to its evident improve-
ment.

I feel assured that their salutary inflaence will be still
more felt when the commerce of the country is more
developed and there are greater facilities of communication
—when the measures relative to the emancipation of the
soil are entirely carried out, and the new organisation is
completed.
Being resolved that the fundamental principles which
have hitherto guided me in the government of my empire
shall be maintains d inviolate, it i‘ my will that this Fhould
be universally known, and particula-ly that all the organs
of my Government do take my will for their exact rule of
conduct.

At the same time it will Us my anxious care that allow-
ance shall be made for the national peculiarities of the dif-
ferent races, and that due attention shall be paid to the
cultivation of their language.
To you, my well beloved, I return my warmest thanks
for the circumspection and devotion with which you have
conducted the government of my kingdom. lat the sane
time commission you to express to the provincial au horities
my extreme content with the zeal and devotedness which
they have displayed under various difficult circumstances
(loiter vielfachen SchuierigZeiten), and I expo et that they
will in future do all in their power to real.ze my benevolent
intentions for the benefit of the country and of its inhabi-
tants. FRANCIS JOSEPH.

Laxenbnrg, Sept 9, 1857.
The foregoing Imperial rescript will not fail to
produee an extremely unfavourable impression on
the Hungarian nobles, who have always flattered
themselves that they should be able to obtain itn
portant concessions from the crown ; but it is
perhaps well for all parties that such plain and
unmistakable language has been employed.
As has already been said, the news that the
Emperors Napoleon and Alexander were to
have an interview in Germany produced an
extremely unpleasant imp--ession on this
Government; but a few days since Baron
Bourqueney gave explanations which either
satisfied or appeaud to satisfy the Austrian
Minister for Foreign Affairs. The Vienna papers are
inclined to attach considerable importance to the
fact that an Austrian Field-Marshal-Lieutenant has
keen sent to Warsaw to pay his respects to the
Emperor Alexander, but you may be assured that
if there, were any improvement in the relations
between Austria and Russia one of the members of
the Imperial family would have gone to the capital
of Russian Poland. About a week ago Baron Bud-
berg, the Russian Minister at this Ccurt, was
summoned to Warsaw, but his stay there must
hare been very short, ss he is already on his way
back to this city. The King of Wurtombarg, who
left Paris at seven o'clock in the morning of the
6th, reached Stuttgardt at eleven o'clock in the
evening of the same day. His Msjt sty travelled
by the usual " express" to Bruchsal, but at that
place a special train was in waiting to take him to
his capital.

The following informition may be of interest to
such of your readers as are fond of statistics.
Although Vienna is seldom free from typhus it lies
high (some 500 feet above the level of the sea) and
is extnneely windy. According to observations
made during the last 75 years, the mean tempera-
ture of the Aus'aian capital is rather morn than
50.00 Fshr. The highest is 93, and the lowest
2.75. During the 75 years there was an aver-
age 127 fine days, 75 days with fog, 111 with rain,
33 with snow, and 19 with thunderstcrms. The
most prevalent wind is that from the north-west ;
the most rare that from the east. The city with
its suburbs, contains 8,793 houses, with 30,000
sets of apartments on the ground floor,
28 890 on the first, 14,741 on the second,
6.231 on the third, and 1,792 on the fourth
story. Of the 8,793 houses, one half have
more than two stories, 3,293 have but one story,
and 1,308 have only a ground floor. The
population of the city consists of 473,957 souls,
living on an area of about five square English miles.
Travellers declare that at present there is no
country on the continent in which people are sub-
jected to so little inconvenience by the passport
and Customhouse employes as in Austria, and it is
my belief that they speak neither more nor less
than the truth. They will, however, do well to
recollect that tobacco is a State monopoly in
Austria, and that any one who endeavours to

smuggle ever so small a quantity of it is subjected
to a heavy fine.
Information has been received that Austria
wished to negotiate a Treaty of Trade and Navi-
gation with Russia, but that the St. Petersburgh
Cabinet declined to treat. A Governmental cor
respondent of the Frankfort Post Zeitung denies
the eorreatness of the statement of the Constitu-
tionnel, that Baron von Prokcsch insists on the
evacuation of the Island of Perira. It is
kaown to me that the Austrian Government
is of opinion that the English have no just
claim to the island, but it is by no means likely
to take any step which could tend to increase the
present embarrassment of England. Austrian
military men talk of. nothing but the mutiny in
India, and continually express their surprise that
government do:snatendeavourto obtain volunteers
by promising that those men who, on the showing
of their comrades, have m fst distinguished them
selves during an action shall immediately receive
a certain reward. Whenever this country is at war
there is a superabundance of volunteers, because
every one knows that he can aspire to the very
highest military honours, as the best man
always ge's the most rapi 1 promotion.
Meer Ali Khan, of Khyrpoor, left Vienna for
Trieste yesterday, fie did the Tunisian Envoy,
General Ismael Sappa-Tappa. The latter pro-
duced a favourable impression here, and is really
an amiable and good-na ured man. According
to advices from Mohadia, Sir 1-I.2nry Bula-er
has returned to Bucharest, N. lady arrived here
not long since, who calls herself a G-onzaga, and
lays claim to the Duchy of Mantua. She affects to
consider the treaties of 1815 so much waste p Ter,
but the Austrian Government does not share her
opinion, and she may find it more dia.:tilt to get
out of this country than it was to get into it As
the murrian has broken out again on the other
side of the Transylvanian frontier, all foreig a cattle
are subjected to a quarantine of ten days.
The last number of the Frankfort Post Zeitung
contains the followir g

FRANKFORT, SEPT. 8

As the British Embassy in this city contlnually receives
offers to take service is the English army, we are autho-
rt zAI to state that at present the British Government does
not intend to form a foreign legion, and that foreigners
cannot serve in the English army.

CONSTANUNOPLE, SEPT. 5.

The arms of Russia and France are again exposed to
view at the hotels of the two embassies. Fuad Pasha has
been appointed President of the Tanzitnat Council instead
of Redschid Pasha. Yesterday a part of the street
leading frown Pera to Galata was destroyed by fire. The
Persians have evacuated Herat. After they had lef ,
disturbances arose between the Schwa and the Sunnites
(the follow-rs of Ali and Omar.) The former recalled
General Murad Mirza, but he continued his march
towards Tyheran.: