Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-04-23 00:00:00

immigration

The American slaves are not imprisoned for debt.
The American slaves are not forced into the army,
to be shot down, as the general may dictate. The
American slaves have never been known to starve
oil the plantations. The American slaves never die
for want of medical aid. The American slaves spend
more money, and throw up more fireworks on the
Fourth of July than their white owners. The

American slaves had engaged every carriage at the
livery stable one holiday in Louisville, Kentucky,

some few years ago, preventing me from my drive
in the country. The American slaves dress better
than the English colliers, or miners, or farmers, or
operatives. The American slaves show more affection
for their masters than the aforesaid for their employers.
The American slaves are seldom seen in the poor-
houses, pauper institutions, or prisons. The Ameri-
can slaves go to church on the Sabbath, and number
more members of the Baptist and Episcopal Church,
than the white dwellers among them. The American
slaves never know the wants of famine or of war.
The American slaves consider themselves the
The American slaves
lave a voice in the election of the government—

aristocracy of the negro race,

three votes out of five

—that is, he is recognised to

land that do not vote, do not take part in the
elections, appear to be of no account whatever—a
Chiltern Hundred constituency.
The American slaves show more hale and hearty
old men among their numbers than any other class.
The American slaves are fond of shooting, alit kill
much of the game for the southern markets—the
profits of which they are allowed to retain—while
the poor labouring man in England, who squeezes
out his ten shillings a week to support half-a-dozen
children, renders himself liable to transportation or
imprisonment by shooting a pheasant or a hare !
The American slaves ride in the same carriages
with their masters and mistresses—while the free
negroes are requested to keep at a respectable
distance.

I abhor the institution of stay-,i7, but it SCCMS

THE NORTHERN TIMES SATURDAI, APRIL 23, 1859

exactly tg *nit the temperament of the American
slaves.

No -oziOsples, no crutches, no mutilated blackmen
mea:you in the southern cities, for there are few
deformed, few ill-shaped beings in the slave ranks.
They are born, they live, they die, they eat, they
driik, they sleep, and enjoy the sweets of labour.
*The American slaves are advancing ; their masters
are receding.
Want brings thrift ; thrift, plenty; plenty, wealth ;
-wealth, luxury ; luxury, idleness; idleness, ruin and
decay. Such is the march of events in the Southern
States.

The slave-owners will wake up from their lethargies
when the abolitionists leave them to themselves—
not before. Continual fault finding, continual re-
crimination does not engender love or friendship.
The bow long 'bent waxeth weak.
Let the North mind its awn affairs. Let England
look at home. The South is fully twnty-one years
of age.

Two years before the Emanepation 13111 passed,
the historian Allison said, " Slavery-is not only not
an evil, but a positive advantage, and a necessary
step in the progress of improvement in the early
ages of mankind." Survey the globe in ancient and
modern times, and you will find slavery co-existed
with the Inman race, and continuing, though with
mitigated features, through all the glories of ancient
civilisation.

The ages of Pericles and Antony, of Cicero and
Socrates, of Fabricus and Justinian, were equally
distinguished by the universality of this distinction
among 'the labouring classes. Twenty thousand
freemen in Athens gave law to four hundred
thousand slaves. For a thousand years, slavery was
universal in Europe, and it still remains in some of
the most extensive of its monarchies. Why, if
immediate and unconditional emancipation from
servitude was intended to follow the Christian
religion, did it submit to unmitigated slavery for
fifteen hundred years after the introduction of that
faith .P

Five years after the passing of the African Act,
Allison again took up the question in Blackwood's
Magazine.

The apprentice term had expired. The falling off
in commerce and morality was poorer, yet Buxton
gloried over what Allison pronounced with figures
of arithmetic, as well as logic, was a miserable
failure. Speaking of the " absurd and delusive prin-
ciple" of the act which demonstrated that five years
were sufficient to clothe the class with the habits
and desires of Freeman, and render the transition from
servitude to liberty as safe and salutary, he says :
"It may safely be affirmed that five hundred years
would have been little cut-nigh for the momentous
change. How long did it take to wear out slavery
in the British Islands ? Five centuries. Why was
4aleyer found possible to extirpate it, even amidst
all the ,
andcivilisation of Greece and
Rome ? Why does it still . inished
rigour, over two-thirds of the globe ?
because, it is a necessary step in the progress of
civilisation—because, without it, savage man, never
has worked, and never will work—because, without
its,eoercion, the human race would be chained for
,ever to the hunter or shepherd state—because, but
for :the slavery of our Saxon progenitors, we would
now have been wandering •in the woods—
because, whatever evil may be attendant on
servitude—and they are many and grievous
=they

are trivial in comparison to the
upiyprsal and wider-spread penury, the total stoppage
which instantly follows the cursing of uncivilised
man with the nominal blessings, but the real destitu-
tion .of freedom."

Allison indignantly records, in 1839, " that the
slave trade had been DOUBLED IN EXTENT AND
QUADRUPLED IN HORROR, throughout the globe, by
the monstrous act ; and the sufferings of the African
race, under European cupidity, are now incompara-
bly greater than when the philanthrophy of Wilber-
force and Clarkson first interposed for their relief."
Burton ,himself estimates that one hundred and
fifty thousand negroes were transported from African
ports to the West Indies and the Brazils the very
year the .800,000 slaves in the British Colonies were
freemen. The bill passed the Commons on the 7th,
the Lords on the 19th, and received the Royal assent
on the 28th of August, 1833, but did not go into
effect till the Ist August, 1834.

Buxton estimated the annual Brazilian import
alone was 100,000—aid gives figures to prove that
78,331 were landed at five ports in Brazil in the year
ending Ist July, 1830. Sir William Gore Ouseley,
in 1835, and another omeial on the spot as late as 1840,
testified that the trade had been and continued to be
largely on the increase. Buxton put down 60,000
per annum to Cuba—and taking Porto Ricco &c.,
he estimated the annual import at 150,000. Captain
M'Lean, Governor of Cape Coast Castle, testified to
140,000 having been carried off from the Bights
of Benin and Biafra in 1834.

HIGH WATER.
Morn. Even. Height
THIS DAY
WIND

At LIVERPOOL,—N.N.W.—Light breeze
lIOLYHEAD,—N.N.W. Do.

OFF THE PORT.
Spirit of the Age ; Nemisis iss), Bordeaux

Four pounds value of Brazilian tobacco in rolls,
Manchester piece goods, cowries, and spirits, was
about the price of a negro. These cotton goods
made expressly for the slave trade, are slave manu-
factured in Lancashire.

S AILED

Jackson, Riley, Captain Lyon, Ritter, Browne,

Burkhardt, Colonel Leake, Dr. Halroyd, Dr. Bow-
ring, are among the travellers, ,residents, and
writers on Africa during the last fzfty years, who
tesitfy to the foreign and home slave trade. Cara-
van after caravan of negroes have been marched
across the burning sands of Africa, to supply the
50,000 slaves required for the slave owners of the
East, while ship after ship transported the 150,000
landed on the slave plantations of the West.
" The whole, or the greater part of that immense
continent," said Bryan Edwards, "is a field of war-
fare and desolation, a wilderness in which the
inhabitants are wolves to each other."

MARITIME EXTRACTS.

Bruce, who was in Abyssinia in 1770, said :
" The Gromach men are all killed, and are then
mutilated, parts of their bodies being carried away
as tropics ; several of the old mothers are also killed,
while others, frantic with fear and despair, kill
themselves. The boys and girls of a more tender
age, are then carried off in brutal triumph."
Mungo Park describes the slave war between the
Kings of Bambarra and Kaarta, where the popula-
tion of three villages were put to death.
_ _ _

OUTPORTS,

FOREIGN PORTS

Lord Muncaster, Grossvenor Smith, Major Gray,
Captain Moresby, Major Denham, Clapperton, Com-
modore Owen, Mr. Ashmun, Laird, Rankin, Colonel
Nicholls, Mr. Oldfield, Captain Cook, Canot, and
several others, have most minutely described the
wretched state of the negro in his own land. Each
has testified to the low state of civilisation—and did
not most of these travellers and writers look through
English eyes and abolition spectacles, they would all
and every one admit that the American slaves were as
far above the African freemen as is is the English
peasant above the Laplander. At any rate, these

distinguished travellers have fairly shown that in
Africa.the Exeter-hall revolutionists have a far
wider pasture for their abolition shepherds to
evangelise the African slave—than in the tnited
States of America.
"Nobility has seldom sprung from virtue—virtue still
more rarely from nobility."
So true Christianity, true benevolence, true friend-
ship for the African, does not. forsooth emanate
from the noble Brotherhood who show their sym-
pathy for a foreign race by falsifying their own
kindred.
The Americans, in their conduct towards their
slaves, are traitors to the cause of human liberty,
foul destructors of the Democratic principle, and
blasphemers of the great and sacred name they
pretend to recognise, was the bitter language of
Daniel O'Connell. Quoting these sentiments as a
text, Francis Wyse, in 1844, penned some fifty
pages of the boiled down calumnies on American
slavery in his three-volumed work on the United
States, which, if written with an abler pen, would
be worthy of Thomas Collie Grattan.

" Facility to believe ; doubt to. contradict ; good to
gain ; sloth to search and seeking things in words,"
are the traits that mark such minds. They abuse
America as naturally as they praise England. " The
only pleasure which can be conformable to nature
is that which knows no satiety." That measure has
been discarded by the Wyse's and Grattan's of the
day.

Remembering the St. Domingo massacre, the
Jacqueire of France, the slave revolt of Germany,
Napoleon said, " Had any of your philosophical
liberals come out of Egypt to proclaim liberty to the
blacks or the Arabs, I would have hung him up at
the masthead." Whately says that many " well
meaning men voted against the abolition of the
slave-trade, because it was advocated by some parti-
sans of the French Revolution." England, however,
fifty years ago, threw up her hand, and Spain and
Portugal continued the game were all the cards
were trumps.

From Ist July, 1827, to Ist July, 1830, the British
Consul reported 150,000 negroes imported into the
single port of Rio de Janeiro ! The Patriot news-
paper 25th June, 1838, estimated that 60,000 arrived
there that year ! and Bahia, Pernambuco, Maran-
ham, and Para took 32,000 more. Even women
were embarked in the selling of negroes. Donna
Maria de Cruz, daughter of the notorious Gomez,
Governor of Prince's Island, made a fortune in the
traffic.

Wilberforce threw his anti-slavery mantle over
Buxton, May 24, 1821—two years after the debate
opened in parliament with such animation as to
frighten the colonists. The planters felt with the
old adage, "Save us from our friends, and we will
take care of our enemies."

£31,882,630 1

The Jamaica Journal June 28, 1823, boils over
with indignation. The opposition was as bitter as
it was just.
" We will pray the Imperial Parliament to amend their
-I:^k bribery •to cleanse their consciences, which
are corrupt; to '
• which is hypocrisy;
to teach with their false alfie;,`"'gzii,l?_e'
the saints ; and
finally, to banish from among them a-
rogues, who are three-fourths of their members."
Lord BroUgham said one hundred slaves were
killed in Demerara by the soldiers, in consequence
of the debate in Parliament having excited the
negroes to rise.
The Buxtonians will not even now adhiit that too
much force throws out the wedge. Their little
1 _L• .a.: -

-4nßed

uttligui.u.. 0.1.6 to the nPgrn. The more they cut
down the trees, the wider appeared the forest.
The elder tree grows as much in three years as
the oak in twelve ; but at thirty years the oak con-
tinues its growth while the elder has ceased to
advance. These trees are fit emblems of the two
races. Freedom to the African lightens up his
narrow brain, for a short period only, to be the
darker afterwards. Like the Mirage, on his sun-
burnt sands —admiring the benefits of liberty he
never reaches —he sees it in theory, but he cannot
practice it.

The filling of a cistern will not make a perpetual
fountain. " Fame, like a river, bears up what is light,
and sinks what is solid." The abolition stream needs
as much purification as the Thames. Had the slaves
been in England, how different would have been the
conduct of Parliament. But some thousand miles
away lent enchantment to the picture. False
affidavits could be made without detection. One
case of cruelty could be easily exaggerated into a
hundred.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.

ARRIVED.
Richard Young .. Alexandria Laura Rio Gran
del
Dammarsh Maginilla

Silistria .. St John, NB Cintra (ss) Oporto
Kate Prince ..... Boston Jeltina .... St Petersburgh
Merchant Prince.. Melbourne Anna Catharina Pernau
Vallyfleld Bonny Frances Miller ....B. Ayres

LIVERPOOL, April 22.
The Caros, for Lisbon, has put back for repairs, towed
round from Lytham.

ANTWERP April 20.—The Eclipse, De Freys, from
Ostend for Liverpool, put back to Ostend, April 15.
KERTCR, April s.—The Berdianski was free from ice
March 20, but nothing positive is known respecting
Taganrog. Several vessels have left for the Sea of Azoff,
and the ethers are preparing to leave.
BELFAST. April 22.—The Corfu, of Bangor, Neill,
Maryport to Belfast (coals), ashore on the Coreland.
The Jothampton, from Cardiff, when going to Cork, on
Wednesday morning, got foul of H.M.'s ship Perseverance,
and lost mainmast and stanchions.

QUEENSTOWN, April 22.—Arrived : The Brill, from St
John, N.B ; Boutina Lemmissina, Alexandria ; Jusacea,
Matanza. Sailed : The Richard Brown, for Liverpool ;
Collier (brig), Arbutus.

Felicitasrhence at Texel
Bertha, Sharon, and Carl—both hence at Swinimunde
Truth, Beale, hence at Rouen ,
Baron Reetz, Tholt, hence at Taragona
Laura, Cocace, and Neverisco, Canning—both hence at
Naples
Milan (ss), Bruce, hence at Naples, and left for Palermo
Miander (ss), M'Micken, hence at Palermo
Scamander (ss) Alexandria at Malta
Orontes (ss), iVatson, hence at Malta, and left for
Alexandria
Teneriffe (ss), hence at Malta, and left for the Levant
Melita (ss), Alexandria, at Malta, and left for Liverpool
Clire, Anderson, Eyra, Glaydullich, and Saflower all
hence at Malta
Blackfriar' Newby, Sunderland at Suez
Dinah Muloch, Callao at Cochin
Bona Venture, Laing, and Africa, Beatelli—both hence
at Calcutta
Punjaub, Spencer, Mauritius at Calcutta
City of Manchester, Watson, Clyde at Calcutta
Water Lily, Bolt, Buenos Ayres at Calcutta
Sterling, Rowe, Madras at Calcutta
The Anna Bridsou, for Colombo at Calcutta, leaky '

BANKING DEPARTMENT.

Other Deposits
Seven-day & other
Bills

15,121,305 Notes
807,957 Gold and Silver Coin

23,002,390—Increase
18,051,375—Decrease
3,l4l,4s9—lncrease

807,957—Decrease

MONETARY AND COMMERCIAL.
LIVERPOOL, Friday Evening.
BANK OF ENGLAND RETURNS.
ISSUE DEPARTMENT.
DEBIT. E. CREDIT.
Notes issued
Other Securities 3,459,900
I Gold Coin and other 17,407,630
Bullion

£31,882,630

DEBIT. - CREDIT.,
Proprietor's Capital. 14,553,000 Government Secu- 11,371,118
Rest
Public Deposits

9,880,240
643,745

£38,703,623 I Total £38,703,623
Compared with the returns of the previous week;
the above shows the following results : , • •

Active Circulation
Bullion ,
Rest
Seven-day & other
Bills
Püblic Deposits
Other Deposits ...... 15,121,305—Increase
Government Secu- 1 11,371,118—N0 change.....
rities
Other Securities l6,BoB,s2o—Decrease
Notes unemployed... 9,BBo;24oDecrease 650,770
Cash to liabilities t ' 501—Decrease .. l3
per Mil .
Rate of Interest, 2i per cent.

1,134,310
545,159
7,489

The Stock Market opened with firmness, and closed with
an extraordinary degree of agitation. Consols were first
quoted }to per cent. better than yesterday. Great ex-
citement was occasioned by a telegraphic intimation of a
panic at Paris ; but although a host of alarming rumours
were circulated, the Funds, though extremely sensitive,
retained considerable steadiness, and at the hour for closing
the Stock Exchange were only about s per cent. lower than
yesterday. At ten minutes past four, however, a positive
statement was circulated that Austria had threatened an
almost immediate declaration of war, and Consols sustained
a fresh fall of t per cent. At a still later hour rather
more steadiness was shown, but the final quotations were
;:23 per cent. below those of yesterday. All other classes of
securities were decidedly prejudiced, and the appearance of
the several markets at the close was extremely unsettled.
Business was continued until an unusually late hour.—
Daily News City Article, Thursday Evening.

The English Funds opened with animation this morning,
at the highest prices of yesterday, but the market has
closed in the midst of heaviness and confusion in consequence
of the crisis on Continental affairs. The fall from the
highest point of the day was nearly 1 per cent. The
amount of bar gold taken from the Bank to-day, for the
Continent, was about £Bo,ooo.—Times City Article, Thurs-
day Evening.
The public markets for Produce closed on Thursday after-
noon, aid will re-open on Wednesday next. In conse-
quence of the approaching Parliamentary elections, the
London Colonial Wool Sales have been postponed, and are
now fixed to commence on Thursday, the sth of May.

THE INDIAN LOAN.-443 tenders were handed in for an
aggregate amount of about £6,923,000, being only
£77,000 less than the £7,000,000 required. Of these
tenders, however, only 310, for a total of £5,077,000, were
at or above the minimum price of 95, and consequently
£1,923,000 remain unsubsccibed.

RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURN s.—The Midland shows this
week an increase of £5,515; the Manchester, Sheffield and
Lincolnshire, an increase of £1,837 • the Lancashire and
Yorkshire, an increase of £2,133 ; and the East Lancashire,
an increase of £764.