Northern Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-08-01 00:00:00

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SATURDAY, AUGUST 1, 1857.

THE DAY'S NEWS.

In the House of Lords last night the Earl of
Ellenborough asked whether the government would
consent to lay before the house, certain papers
relating to affairs in India. He commented in
very strong terms on the conduct of certain high
personages in India, and laid all the blame of the
late revolt on the head of the Governor-General.
Earl Granville said that there would be no
objection to the production of the papers, and
after some further conversation the matter dropped.

In the House of Commons there was not much
business of importance transacted. A petition was
presented from the inhabitants of Preston, corn
plaining of the scarcity of Cotton and praying for
an enquiry into the eauses that prevented its
growth in India. In reply to a question by Mr.
H. Baillie, if the Attorney-General had been
authorised to prosecute Pil those persons who
had been reported by Election Committees to
have violated the laws of the country, or
whether it was to be confined to the offen-
ders in the County of Mayo. Sir G. Grey said
that the Attorney General only prosecuted in such
cases as the committees considered were of
sufficient magnitude and importance for such a
proceeding. The chairman of the Mayo committee,
with— as he (Sir G. Grey) understood—the
unanimous approbation of the members of that
committee, made a motion in that house for the
prosecution of two persons in connection with that
election, and to which the house had acceded. He
did not know the other cases to which the hon.
gentlemen referred, but he had no doubt, if the
chairman of any other election committee made a
similar motion, that the house would deal with it
according to its merits when made. Lord John
Russell will move for a seclect committee (on
Monday) to consider the Oaths Bill. The House
then resumed the debate on the Divorce and
Matrimonial Causes Bill.

Mr. Patrick Somers, the member for Sligo, has
been unseated, and the Right Hon. Mr. Wynne'
has been declared duly elected for that borough.
Some excitement prevails in the borough of
Great Yarmouth, in consequence of the decision of
the committee of the house of Commons unseating
Mr. Torrens M'Cullagh and Mr. Watkin. It is not
yet agreed upon who will be the Liberal candidates
to supply their places, but the Conservatives have
determined on starting Sir Edward Lacon, and the
Hon. Colonel Vereker, who were beaten at the
last election, when the numbers stood as fol-
lows :—Mr. M'Culle.gh, 606 ; Mr. Watkin, 590;
Sir E. Lacon, 521 ; Colonel Vereker, 476. Vari-
ous suggestions have been made as to the course
the Liberal party should take, and in all pro-
bability a public meeting will be called in a day
Or two.

The Chairman of the Ipswich Election Com-
mittee last night announced that Hugh Edward
Adair and John C. Cobbold were duly elected for
that borough; and the Huntingdon Electien Com-
mittee have decided that John Major Hethcoate
has not been duly elecetd, but that Edward Fel-
lowea was duly elected.
Yesterday, Hr. Humphrey Brown, late M.P.,
surrendered in London, under the Bankruptcy
-LAW, on his own petition. The previous evening

ANXIETY deep and earnest has been felt by
every inhabitant of the British Isles, during the
last week, for the full details of the news from
India. They are hourly expected to reach
Liverpool, when the eagerness of all will be
satisfied respecting the state of affairs in our
Indian Empire. Meantime, it will not be out of
place to take a retrospective glance of the past
history of East India, which will show that for
far more than a century our Government has
been subject to mutations and vicissitudes of
good or bad fortune, to combinations of European
and native princes against British rule, and to
mutinies as extensive, startling, and unexpected,
although not so formidable in character, as the
one with which we have now to deal and put
down. Prior to the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle,
in 1748, England and France contended for the
mastery, and for years after that event, the
armies which both nations maintained gave
their adhesion to the native princes, so that the
British Ensign or the French eagle might float
in triumph, and betoken that its army were
possessors of the soil. Although France had for
her commanders men of great military skill and
courage, and each of them animated by an ardent
desire to combine the French with the native
element so as to effect the overthrow of British
power in India, they were unsuccessful, and
British valour and dogged determination
triumphed over French bravery and skill, com-
bined with Indian faithlessness. Hence in the
war with ii.YDF.It ALL and TIPP() SAID, the
designs of France were frustrated, and her skilled
Generals, DuPLErx, LABOURDONNAIR, DILLY,
and DESTRANGE, completely mastered. The
result of this important contest was the annexa-
tion of Mysore, which was for the most part
transferred:to the East India Company. Again,
in the Scindia and Holkier war, the army of the
confederates was under the command of the
most accomplished and experienced generals of
the day, among whom were PERRON, and M.
LOUIS BOURGEIN, WELLESLEY, however, kept
the enemy at bay, and in a marvellous manner
maintained the supremacy acquired by CLIVE
and PLASSY, the final result being a cession of
the greater part of the territory of Halkier to
England. To these we may add the Nepaul,
Pindany, Mahratta, Affghanistan and Punjaub
wars, in which European skill and genius lent a
helping hand to the natives. But England was

always invincible, and her Generals, Lords HAST-
INGS and COMMIE, POLLOCK, GOUGH, HARDINGE,
and last, but by no means least, NAPIER, ever
able to sustain the repute, heroism, and undaunted
courage of our glorious armies. We notice these
facts for the purpose of reminding our readers that,
for a full century,- ending in 1848, England,
which had to struggle single-handed against the
combination of European and native forces in
India, is not at all likely to succumb to a set of
mutineers, who, although extensive in numbers,
and widely spread throughout the territories, are
without a guide, a definite object, or governing
intelligence, It must be borne in mind that the
natives of India are without that patriotic ardour
which is inherently planted in the bosoms of
Europeans; and although there is in India an
ancient civilisation, ancient literature, and
mostly all the arts of civilised life, the total
absence of the foregoing requisites is a drawback
serious to themselves, but fortunate for Great
Britain, when she has to march upon the enemies
of her flag, and honour, and dignity of her
crown. Indeed, we are disposed to think that
the peculiar constitution of the Hindoo character,
seeing that i,t has caused India to submit to
every invader—to the Mogul in past times, and
Great Britain at present—must deprive the
Sepoys of the power long to act together as one
man, deprive them of political strength and
unity of purpose, and ultimately prevent them
from acting together with sympathy and
vigour in support of any project hastily
and imperfectly matured. It is for these
reasons we do not join in the melan-
choly croakings of some alarmists. We have
strong faith that any conspiracy or mutiny
against Britain in India must ultimately fail.
The British troops have never yet unsuccessfully
fought on India soil. It is true many and
severe have been the contests, and awful has
been the waste of treasure and sacrifice of human
life connected with our Indian battles ; but the
final and decisive struggles have vindicated
British prowess, and given to us a country and
a soil magnificent in character, -end enormous in
extent—a country whose population is five times
as numerous as France, and three times as
numerous as Russia.

Moreover, as we have already remarked, these
mutinies are of common occurrence. As far
back as 1683, a serious mutiny broke oat at
Bombay, and, in order to effect its complete
suppression, the seat of government was removed
to Surat. Again, another eineute took place in
1764, when the European forces took part with
the native troops. History tells us that they
stood to their arms, and after loading their pieces
and fixing their bayonets, took possession of the
artillery parks, and made their way in the
direction of the Caramanassa. The sepoys were
also disaffected, but ultimately they were induced
to return. The English also became sensible of
the wildness of the project, and desisted from
giving it countenance, so that at last only some
few hundred men, the greater part being French
or Germans, went on to Benares. After this was
the mutiny of officers in 1765, respecting the
double battue. The finale of this attempt at
rebellion is well known ; the officers and their
adherents were quickly put down by . the steady
mien of the sepoys, who were drawn up to attack
them. To this last we have to add the mutiny
of Vellore. This, too, was speedily suppressed,
although it unfortunately cost the lives of some
gallant British officers, among whom was the
late Sir ROLLO GILLESPIE.

Looking, then, at the results of all former
mutinies in India, and taking into account the
Hindoo character, and the fact that the disaffec-
tion now prevalent does not contain any European
element, and that it has no mental or moral
organisation to direct and control it, we feel that
it is bereft of consistency or cohesion, and that it
must give way to the seeds of dissOlution and
decay which has always marked its progress.
There must, however, be causes for such repeated
manifestations of treason and disloyalty to the
British Crown. The consideration of these
causes, and the remedies which should be
applied, will form the subject of further remarks
as soon as the official details of the whole affair
have been made public.

SOME three months ago, at a special meeting
of the Town Council, it was agreed to defer the
decision on the memorial of the Rate- payers
(praying for the restoration of the well water),
until the first meeting of the Council in August,
by which time the Water Committee declared
they would be fully ready to state what course
they would be prepared to pursue in regard to
the whole question. As the day approaches
when they are to meet and discuss the fate of
the inhabitants of Liverpool on this great ques-
tion, at least so far as it is in their power to
decide it, the public are naturally anxious to
know the nature of the report they are to expect,
and we have had numerous interrogatories on the
subject. Will the Water Committee persist in
maintaining that the Pike water is fit for dietetic
purposes by itself ? Will they try the experi-
ment of giving the town a week's supply from
Rivington of the stuff itself ? Or will they still
continue to juggle with an admixture of hog-
wash and the pure well water, supplied in such
quantities, and to such districts, as the caprice of
the water magnates suggest ? These and many
other such questions are constantly being put to
us by those most:interested—the people who con-
sume and pay for the water, and who have
hitherto borne with the grossest insolence and
contumely from their own servants.

We confess our inability, at present, to indi-

cate to our many querists what course the Water
Committee will pursue in the matter, or whether
they will pursue any course at all, for they
manage to keep their matters so completely
secret, that bat little of their proceedings oozes
out of the doors of the Town-hall, and this very
secrecy has, as we have over and over again con-
tended, been their bane. Why, on such a sub-
ject as the supply of water to this or any other
town, should there be any mystery ? Why are
the people denied the privilege of looking into
their own wells or their own reservoirs ? Why
are the sources, the fountains of our water supply,
hermitically sealed from the observation of those
who have the best right to look into them ? Yet
so it is; all is mystery, jugglery, and deceit,
and will continue to be, until such time as
the people shall rise up and say we will have no
more of it ; thither shalt thou go but no further.
We have already cautioned our readers
against placing any faith in procuring even the
semblance of justice from the Council on Wed-
nesday next, and we now repeat that caution.
If any report is made at all, of which we have
good grounds for doubting, then it will only be
another specious specimen of Jesuitical sophistry,
of which we have already bad so many. We
have no faith whatever in the Water Committee,
and still less in those whom they employ to do
their work for them. What do either care for
the comfort or welfare of the people of Liverpool
We have had quite enough of the whole Pike
gang already, and we know them.
The wash, doctored and mixed although it is,
teems with abominations of every possible kind,
living organisms of every colour and shape, and
decoctions of vegetable and animal matter even
more deliterious than the aqueous monsters, who
find their way into our stomachs with every
draught of water we drink. Yet, while we
are thus being nauseousated by this abominable
filth, a couple of maudlin philosophers are
enjoying themselves at the Pike at the cost of the
Corporation, or rather of the people of Liverpool,
experimenting or, at all events, pretending to do
so, on the practicability Of improving the Peat
bog-wash by some patent filtering or galvanising
process, the invention of that universal genius
THOMAS SPENCER—fudge. All the filtering ever
known, or ever will be known, cannot alter the
radical character of the Pike water. It is not
the disgusting colour of the filthy liquid, bad
although that is, that we care so much about as
the foul abomination it holds in solution, and
which no filtration in the world ever can remove.
But the juggling operations of these emperical
savans may answer the purpose of the Water
Committee. The weather is delightful. The
scenery about the Pike is, at present, beautiful.
A drive in the Corporation trap in the morning,
and a sail in their boats in the evening, is charming
exercise this hot weather ; while the accom-
modation at the Black Boy is unsurpassed. The
dinners, wines, and grog being all of premier
quality, and, as the whole cost is defrayed by the
Corporation, it need excite no great wonder if,
with such substantial temptations, the two solons,
who are deputed to enlighten the Council on the
mode of purifying the bog-wash, should be in no
hurry in bringing their labours to a close ; and
we can readily imagine Jo,EPH COOPER rising up
in his place in Council, and telling his expectant
hearers that these eminent gentlemen have not
had sufficient time to make their elaborate report,
therefore the question must stand in abeyance
until another time ; we say it need excite no
great surprise if such should really be the case.
But we shall see;

THE HUDDERSFIELD ELECTION.—A correspondence
between Mr. E. Ackroyd, M.P., for Huddersfield, and
and General Thompson, appears in a London con-
temporary. I❑ the course of his remarks on the China
war, the general, referring to the Huddersfield election, bad
said :—" Then there was falsehood the third, which came
to Huddersfield, where a most able and respected public
servant, formerly a' member of this house, was excluded
from a seat. The news came down to Huddersfield that
all was over ; that the Emperor of China had conceded
everything that was demanded; that the British lion was
satisfied ; and that there was nothing to do bat to turn
out of parliament the gentleman to whom he had
alluded." Mr. Ackroyd wishes to know what the
falsehood was to which reference is here made•
The general replies that he cannot see how a false-
hood which he asserted had come down to Huddersfield
could be reasonably charged as originating in Huddersfield.
All that he intended to convey was that this false news
coming down just in the nick time, adversely affected
Mr. Cobden's chance of success. [The general had referred
to the falie telegraph which was circulated on the morning
of the polling, viz., the 28th of March.] In his final
reply, Mr. Ackroyd reminds the general that the telegraph
in question was only posted in Huddersfiield on this par-
ticular morning, "much too late to affect the issue of the
election, even if the news had been of sufficient weight to
have done so under any circumstances. As my own canvass
book testifies, the electors had previously resolved for
whom they would vote, and their decision was not in the
slightest degrea affected at the last hour by this doubtful
intelligence. I had more promises before the news ar-
rived than I polled afterwards, or my friends deemed it
necessary to record with so decisive a majority in my
favour."

RUSSIAN INTRIGUES IN INDIA.—The belief that Russia
has for the last three years been endeavouring—and suc-
cessfully endeavouring—to sow discontent in India be-
comes more and more prevalent on the Continent, and
amongst the best-informed in this country. Thera can
be no doubt whatever that the Emperor of Russia,Nicholas
could never be brought to believe in the possibility of a
cordial alliance between England and France, and in 1852
and 1853 his plans were formed and matured in this
thoroagh conviction. In the solitude of his own cabinet,
and in the gloomy recesses of his own mind, the Emperor
had arrived at this conclusion, and when dependants and
councillors appealed for facts and events, Nicholas
became excited and angry, and appeared to cling more
obstinately to his own opinions. At length, early
in 1854, his Imperial Majesty became aware of how
entirely erroneous were his suppositions, and at this time
it was that, disabused of his illusions, he turned all hie
thoughts to the perpetraiion of mischief in British India,
Any one who knows the State system of Russia is peifeetly
aware that the Government of the Czar has in its employ.
went hundreds of men prepared for any emergencies or any

enterprise, however desperate or difficult. There are at
St. Petersburg adventurers and renegades of every
country and clime apt, artful, and unprinci-
pled—ready for instantaneous duty in any latitude.
Among these may be found Italians, Greeks, Swiss,
Germans, Armenians, Mussulmans. Jewa, Parsecs,
and Hindoos. These adventurers, lured by the
hope of gain and ,distinction, rush to Russia, as unprin-
cipled schemers did in its palmiest days to Rome—" Quasi
in sentinanz, corruptionje In St. Petersburgh they are
put at once in training, and are attached to such superior
agents as the late M. Italinsky, or the late M. Situonitch,
the latter of whom largely operated in Persia, Affghanistan,
and British India. The cause of the Afghan war may be
traced to agents of this kind, and the belief becomes
hourly more prevalent that in the recent mutiny, Russsia
has, directly or indirectly, been an " agent provocateur."
Within a few years, several traders from Bombay and
Calcutta have settled at St. Petersburg ; some of those
have intermarried with Russians, and brcome Russian sub-
jects; and, on the other hand, there are several Russians and
Greeks by birth, though Russian in feeling, settled in
various parts of India. By the aid of this machinery,
it wouldnot be difficult to operate on the King of Oude and
some of his functionaries and nobles, and to establish a
chain of communication with the Russian empire. Nor
would this be the only means by which Russia might
intrigue against us. Russian schemes against British
power has been before now hatched :by Russian agents
in the British metropolis and also within the harbour
of New York. We believe at this moment Russia is
working by American born agents in China and Japan,
and in British India. Within twenty years an im-
mense number of journals have been established in the
three Presidencies of India and up. the country,
and who can say how much of Russian influence and
money may not be brought to bear in this particular
direction. If Russia can maintain a paid press at Frank-
fort, Augsburg, and Brussels, why may she not have such
a press at Calcutta, at Agra, or at Delhi. From the
journals of Sir C. Napier, we know that some of the
writers in the Indian newspapers are men of blasted
character and desperate fortunes, and it is to such men in
foreign countries Russian solicitations are usually addressed.
If the native press in India has endeavoured to stimulate
the Sepoy on the question of the cartridges, may not this
effort be traced to a " foreign agency," such as was hinted
at by Mr. Mangles in his speech on Monday night ?
Under such circumstances as we suppose, the placing of
the Indian press under a license was a wise precau-
tionary imeasure, and the arrest of the King of Oudo
and his Minister was not only a necessity, but a duty.
The King has long been a suspected personage, and the
moment proofs were obtained the sooner the delinquent
was captured the better. Whenever there is a weak or an
undefended point in India now, we must expect discontent,
but the only way, as the Duke of Wellington wrote to
Colonel Close fifty-three yeors ago, "is to be guarded
everywhere, and to keep up troops for our defence." We
should never lose sight, as the same great authority
said, in writing to Lieutenant-General Stuart from the
camp at Niggeree, in July, 1804, " that all government in
India is held by the sword," and that " the con-
clusion of the most successful foreign war in India
—that by which the most formidable enemy may
have been subdued, if it gives an accession of territory,
must bring with the territory a necessity to increase the
army, because the Government must be established in the
now territory, and supported, as well as in the old, by the
power of the sword. The want of knowledge, or rather
recollection, of these facts," adds the Duke, " is the cause
of all the complaints of high military-establishments, and
expenses, and of all the difficulties in which you must
have found yourself from the want of troops. It
is %Veil to weigh these wise words after the mutiny is
suppressed and Delhi taken, of both of which events we
entertain little doubt we shall have full details by the
next mail. The idea that the mutiny had extended to
other Presidencies is one of those monstrous fabrications
concocted by the Greek forgers of false in-
telligence. It should be remembered by those
writing and speaking of these events, that India is
composed of several different nations, each speaking its
own language, and having its own peculiar and dissimilar
feelings. The absence of community of feelings, opinions,
and views, is one of our greatest securities. There is no
common co-operation amongst these diverse races or castes
and their cohesion is a rope of sand. The village and
the field where any particular Hindoo was born is his
whole world, and his thoughts extent not beyond it.
There is no common feeling between the natives of the
different presidencies, and this is why, with a handful of
Europeans, we are enabled to hold in subjection a popula-
tion six,oll more numerous than that of the United King-
dom.—Morning Post.

THE TRANSATLANTIC TELEGRAPH,

THE RENDEZVOUS AT QUEENSTOWN.

QUENSTOWN WeJneEdly Evening.

Up to the present moment the ships about to be engaged
in this gigantic undertaking which have arrived in our
harbour are the Cyclops, the Leopard, and the American
Niagara and Susquehanna. The two latter arrived this
morning, and dropped anchors in the man-of-war roads.
It was expected that Mr. William Browne, M.P. for South
Lancashire, whose munificent gift to the town of Liver-
pool lately attracted so much admiration in England,
would have arrived in Qaeenztown, in his capacity of
chairman of the directory of the company, but owing to
a domestic affliction, it is doubtful whether or not he will
come. An idea of the estimation in which this merchant
prince is held may be formed from the fact that the
Admiral, Sir W. Chads, received from the Lord Lieutenant
a private letter commending Mr. Browne to his particular
attention. Four of the other directors have arrived,
Mr. T. H. Brooking, Chairman of the Executive Com-
mittee ; Mr. Lampson, Mr. Logie, of Glasgow ; and Mr,
Cyrus C. Field, the distinguished American, with who the
project of the Atlantic Telegraph origated. Amongst those
who have arrived are the secretary of the Company, Mr.
George Seward ; Mr. Glass, of the firm of Glass, Elliott,
and Co., of Greenwich, manufacturers of the cable; Mr.
Statham, the manufacturer of its gutta percha coating; and
Sir William O'Shaughnessy, to whose splendid success in
the laying down of telegraphic communication it is probably
owing that the British government can maintain a foot of
ground in India. Sir William attends on behalf of the
East India Company, who meditate laying down a similar
line across the Persian Gulf as soon as tranquillity is
restored. Professor Morse attends on behalf of the
American government, while the French power is repre-
sented by M. De La Marsh, an engineer of eminence. Two
scientific gentlemen from Russia, with names which I
shall not venture to transcribe, ha►e also arrived in the
Niagara, in which veasel they came to England from New
York.

At twelve o'clock the directors and their friends prot
ceeded on board the steam-tug Willing Mind, placed a-
their disposal by the Messrs. Scott, to visit the Leopard
English war steamer, and subsequently the Cyclops.
Lieutenant Dayman, who is in command of the latter
vessel, exhibited the results of his soundings, and satisfied
the directors that the nature of the ground had been as
favourable as was already reported. He exhibited the
specimens of soil, shells, &c., taken up from the bottom,
some of them at a depth of 2.400 fathoms. The visitors
were much interested by a practical exhibition of the
mode in which the lead is heaved for those soundings,
the large cast iron weight being rejected as soon as
the instrument strikes the bottom, and a tube only
ascending, which contains portions of the bed of the
ocean. A very simple but useful apparatus, by which
the temperature of the water at its lowest depth has
been ascertained, was also exhibited. It consists of a cop-
per cylinder, having at each end a valve opening upwards.
While descending, the water is forced through this, but
the moment the descent is arrested, the pressure of the
water closes the 'valves, and it is brought to the surface
full of the water taken from the place in which it has been

stopped. A self-registering thermometer in the vessel
shows the highest and lowest temperature ; and by this it
been found that the temperature at the lowest depth he
been about 38 degrees. This discovery is satisfacrory, in"
asmnch as, while great heat would interfere with the
electric current, it is not affected by cold.
A deputation •f gentlemen from Cork, headed by the
Mayor, waited on the directors and the other partici
engaged in 'the undertaking, to invite them to a public
banquet, but owing to the limited stay of the vessels the
invitation was declined, it being understood that they will
attend a public dinner to be given in Cork after the cora-
pletion of the enterprise.

The Susquehanna and Niagara are magnificent vessels,
the former being 2,600 and the latter 5,000 tons burden.
The length of the Susquehanna is 275 feet, with forty•
six feet beam, and her armament consists of fifteen guns,
all being 64-pounders.

The length of the Niagara is 345, and her breadth fifty'
five. Her armament consists of twelve enormous guns.
The probable rate of charges will be the following :--.
From Newfoundland to Ireland, for a massage of twenty
words or more, £2 103. For a message of the same
lengh from New York to London, £4.