The Express.
London, England, 1864-09-22 00:00:00

DEATH OF CAPTAIN EPEES.

(From the Berk Orronkk of Sept. 21.)
tat the meeting of the Geographical and Ethnolo-
/ileum of the British Association, yesterday, the Pre-
eldest of the seetioe, Sir Roderick Murchison, alluded to
alleged misrepresentations of what took place is that section
upon the enneenoement of the death of Captain Spoke.
He said it wee his duty, as president of that section, to do
away with a moat extraordiaary inieepprebension—tis was
almost tempted to my malevolent isterpretatiou—that had
been put upon circumstances which occurred there when be
had the sad teak of anesosehmtotheenthe death of bisdearaed
eminent friend Capt. Spice. As far as regarded binwelf be
was sure that all present on that occasion must have known
that when be entered the room, he was so overcome by the
sews he had received tidy ten minutes previously that be
amid scarcely speak. He believed he told the audience that
he could not put two sentences coherently together, so
deeply grieved wee he at the loss of the man in whom he
took so deep an interest, of whose discoveries be was so proud.
That being so, what was his astonishment to find that the
oorrespoodent of a London morning paper had reported that
oothing was done to do honour to the memory of Captain
Spoke, and remarked that if such an occurrence had taken
place under such circumstances in France, high eulogies would
have been pronounced up= the decreased. That might be the
habit in France, sad that might be what that gentleman
would have wished to see ; but how could • man who felt
as be felt, when he heard of such a misfortune, in the
same moment rise up and peas in review the life
of the deceased? (Hear, beer.) They knew how be
proposed a motion of condolence, and how they passed
it lie did moos than Mat—he wrote a letter
of condolence to the mother of poor Snake, and be,
had that day received a letter from the brother of Captain
Spoke, ansouecing that the funeral would take place at
the satire plats of the &awed, Jordan,, on Friday, at I,
12 o'clock ; and to testify his respect for the memory of
Captain Spoke, be (the President) intended to be present
on that melancholy coranon. The Bath Chroeiefe did full
jestioe to ell that was said end done upon that occasion ;
bat the Liverpool papers appeared to have fallen into an
error, for one associate there had written to know whether
it was a note of Captain Grant that was read by Mr. Mark-
ham ; the associate thus ioquirine having left with the
impression that that note came from Captain Burton, as he
oonld not warmed his helium aufficiestly to speak. The
Chairman raid that impreekon was the correct one. He
himself asked Capt. Burton if be had any observations to
make. He said be could not sufficiently command his feel.
lags to do so ; and he wrote out the remarks, which were
read by Mr. Markham. In the Liverpool sod some other
papers at was represented that those observations were
written by Captain Grant ; and it was supposed that the
assumed silenceet Calends Burton was owing to the differ.
*bee of opinion that bad existed between him and Captain
Spoke. He (the chairmen) was quite indignant, and be was
sure they wortidiall holed/gem* safieding such a false roper
mutation put upon the conduct of his distinguished friend
Captain Burton. He was quite wire they all knew that
geographers had better hearts than not to feel, in the
deepest possible manner, the loos at his distinguished fellow.
traveller—Captain Spoke.

A VIXEN. —At Manchester, on Tuesday, Cathe •
rine leßerr was brought up on remand charged with
stabbing with intent to kill Bridget Murray, of Peel-strest,
Gorton, a married woman. The prosecutrix, who was in a
very weak state, and who had to be accommodated with a
chair during the examination, said that on Thursday rear'
she quarrelled with the prisoner on account of her treat-
ment of an old woman who bad the oar of her Mildred.
The prisoner seised the old woman by the neck, and
threatened to thrust her heed in the fire, when the witness
interfered, and rid she ought to have more sense than
talk to an old woman in much a way. The
prisoner said, "Mind ur own business," and they never
spoke to each other fu the rest of that day. On Friday
evening the quarrel was resumed, and the wirea ad'
milted that, after as abusive epithet had been applied
to her, she pushed the prisoner, who thee broke two
saucers over her bead, and took a red bat poker from
the fire, and burnt her arm with it. The primmer then ran
out crying " murder"; bat came in mein immediately
itooompsnied by Mrs. Williamson, a neighbour. On her
raring in, witness *track at her several times, and a
gle eared, during which the prisoner dragged her to=
the table, and miring a knife cut her on the head with it in
two piers. The house wee by this time crowded by a num-
ber of excited spectators, one of whom struck the knife
from the prisoner's hand. The prisoner then took up a
hammer with which she dealt several blows on wittier%
hand, rendering her insensible. Several witnesses gave oar-
roborative evidence, and Mr. Brown, the surgeon, who
atioaded the injured vomits, said there were wounds on the
ferehroad such as would be oared by blows with the riffs
produced, and a marries on the beck of the head whisk
might have been the result of blows from the hammer. The
prisoner., whee toned epos to plead, rid she felt unable I.
easy anything is her defence. Mr. Trafford said that, is
ammedance with his %variable ;metre is COllOO of stabbing,
be timid eaussit the aosand for Wlal at lie ailiar.

MR. DISRAELI AT THE MEETING OF THE
ROYAL BUCKS AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION.

The Royal Bucke Agricultural Association held
their annual meeting yesterday at Aylesbury.
Ms earlier part of the day was oesupied by a show al
*tack and poultry, and by a ploughing match; sad at four
o'clock in the at tin man the members and friends of the
society diced together at the George Hotel. The chair at
the dinner was occupied by Mr. A. Thar, and the com-
pany coniristed of about 130 gentlemen, among whom were
Mr. Diaraeli, M.P., Mr. S. G. Smith, M.P., Sir A. de
Rothschild, ALP., Mr. T. T. Barnard, LP., Mr. J. Hall,
Oaptain Fremantle, the Rev. Dr. Booth, Am
The usual loyal toasts having been drunk with the accus-
tomed enthusiasm.

Mr. P. DACNCL4 proposed " the Health of the County and
Borough Members," and the taut having been cordially
honoured,

Mr. Dnatint roes amidst considerable cheering. The
right hon. gentleman spoke of the usefulness of agricul-
tural associations as well as of harvest homes and " excur-
sion trains" in removing the shyness of demaenour once
characteristic of Englishmen. He then referred to the
crops, to the profits of trade, to inveetmenta in land, the
I prosperity of landowners, the permanent and improving
' character of the special industry of the occupier of the soil,
and the price of wool. On the latter subject be said :
Wool now forms one of the most Important element. is
agricultural industry, and is a eon= of very great profit to
the cultivators of the soil. I cannot help feeling surprised
that In this aunty, and more especially the northern part
of the county, with which I am more intimately acquainted,
. oar flothnuaters continue only to broad docks which pro-
duce abort wool. The great prices are given for long wool.
and I cannot see why we should continue to produce abort
wool only in the ooun ty of Buckingham. !should have thought
that it would have been very easy he have crossed our
downs with some of the Gloneastenhire or Leicestershire
1 tweeds, sad to grow very choice long wool. I stated my
opinions upon this subject to an honest fanner, a neigh-
bour of mine, who had a considerable flock. He told me be
Weed with me, but that be did not himself MOM his
down, with Cotswolds or old long.wool sheep, because he
believed the high price of wool was entirely
to be attributed to the American civil war,
and be had found it stated in his newspaper that that
war was about to be brought to a termination. He then
asked my advice upon the matter. Now I do not much like
giving advice, because it is under any circumstances accept-
ing an unnecessary responsibility. (A laugh.) But 1 could
not help saying that I did not quite agree with him that the
high price of wool was exclusively and mainly occasioned by
the civil war in America. I believe the general tendency for
many years of all our raw materials, and of long wool among
the number, has been to the in price ; and I think
that even if there had bean no civil war in America, you
would now have a high price for wool. But as regardsthe
civil war in America, we would rather sot say much about
it. I remember that at the outbreak of that war I was
dining with an aninthrtral sseimiatiele— I believe it was at
Buckingham—and then was great twenty to know what
might happen in America. 1 took that opportunity .f
saying that my opinion was that the war in America would
be a very long war. The general idea at the Jinn was that it
would be a vary sheet war, aid the American Minister of
State announced that it would not extend over more than
90 days. 1 thought it would be • very long war : sod I
formed that opinion because the causes of that war had
been for • long period preparing. When suck causes as
the emancipation of • race, or the creation or defence of
national independence, or the meletenthce of a great em-
pire, prompt • people to enter into a war, the struggle
mut not be confounded with such contests as the gime-
rality of European wan in modern times. When asthma
go to war to rectify a frontier 'Or to employ an army
the strife is brief, became. the moment the (rootlet is ad-
justed, or the army that wants employment has had a suf.
Solent number of men shot, peace naturally ensues. But
the issues involved in the American war are vast and pro-
found, and it is not to be supposed that when men enter
into • struggle for such causes, they throw them lightly
*aide like children who have grown tired of their toys. I
casein, therefore, believe that we are as tear • peace in
America as is generally imagined. The fact is, that there
are occasions on which war is the only solution for the
difficulties which perplex the ordiaary =magmas& of
human affairs, and the struggle in America is • war of that
character. I do not look on all thee* peace demonstrations
which we have seen in the newspapers as • proof that we
are sear • settlement of the climatic= at issue, or as any.l
thing more than mere electioneering devices; and therefore,
I say, to bring the matter to a practical point, because
although I sometimes iodulge in political speculations, I
pride myself on being a practical man—l say that the effect
of all my political calculations is, that I shall now cross
my Downs with Cotswolds—(hear, bear, and laughter)—and
I think it le • mistake on the tart of the firmer. of Buck-
tagbarnabith —I hope I will not offend my constituents by
saying so—to adhere to the practice of merely breeding
Downs from • belief that the American war will soon ter-
minate. I repeat that I can see no gnat reason why the
agricultural world should now feel discontented, oothwith-
standing all that we bear of the great commercial prosperity
around us, and which, I am sure, none of us envy.
But there is another class of the agricultural world on
whose condition I wish to say a few words—l mean the
class of agricultural labourers. I believe that their condition
requires and deserves public consideratioe. (Hear, hear.)
I will not enter at all into the question of the remuneration
which they receive for their labour. Their wages, like the
Inge" of every other class, are totally isdepandent of legis-
lation. The more we interfere in sack a matter, the more
injury we do the labourer himself. But I em
happy to think there bas been for many years
a general tendency to increase the wages of
our agricultural labours'', and in the south of
Buckinghamshire those wages have very decidedly Increased.
But although we cannot interfere with the wages of the'
sericulture! labourer, there is a question connected with his
mode of existence which calls for our best consideratioei
and that is the house in which he dwells. This is not the first
time that I have ventured to that subject. I remember that
when a year or two ago I announced that in the south of Buck-
ieghamshire we bad no thatched cottages, cue of my best
friends, and one of the most eloquent members of this society,
thought 1 oast some reflect= on north Buckinghamshire,
and he vindicated the cause of thatched cottages. I will say
nothing about thatched cottages this evening, but I say it
is of the utmost importance that the agricultural labourer
should be well housed. (Hear, hear.) I say that that is •
question of even more importance sa regards his health, than
the question of his food or his raiment. I believe that all
of us eat quite enough, and we know that • great
many of us drink • good deal too much—(laughter)—
whin no man can be too well housed. A good habitation
not only protects a man from the inclemency of the weather,
but also ambles him to enjoy pure and unvitiated air.
(Hear, hear.) For that rethou it is the truest son= of
health ; sad without health there cannot be strength or
skill ; it is therefore of great importer= to the farmer—
quite es important to the farmer as to any other class—that
the agricultural labourer should be well housed. But it has
been said that the matter is involved iti this insuperable clan-
cutly,that the mediae of suitabledwellimp for the agricul-
tural labourer would be an investment which would bring no
adequate return. That is, I thiak, • fallacious objection.
The point is, what do you mean by an adequate return!
iWould a farmer find it more profitable to bare • sickly'
labourer than • labourer fall of health and energy, even
I though he should obtain the services of the latter at an In-
creased outlay! The well-housed and healthy labourer
would in the long run be cheaper for the
farmer and consequently for the landholder himself.
It muse sot be supposed that the landlord is required '
I suddenly to cover his estate with model cottages. That I
would be quite impossible ; you cannot in an instant effect i
this change. It is said that on an estate of 2,000 acres you 1
would require • minimum of 60 cottages ; and the sum Deco.-
eery for the erection of 60 cottages would probably be be-
tweet 6,000 f. and 7,0001. But how is • man to afford such I
a sum, which is, perhaps, three times his ananal'rental, on.
lee—what we have no ?moo to suppose—be poetesses other 1
Karen of income! You cannot expect that every Laded
proprietor should be • Duke of Northumberland—a man
whom mind is as princely as his fortune, and who
whet he imoceeded to estates of 110,003 acres, laid
oat la the coentrootion of cottages • sum of 500,0001.
The bias-ribbon was 'intoned as the Deb ot Northam-

berlinci,becatime he created a channel theist a moment whea
we had noehannel fleet. That was a great public service ;but
the man who lays down 500,0001. in building eottages for
the peasantry on his 'status as much deserves the bls►rib-
bos—(hear,bear)—as the man who creates schemed fleet, or
even as the man who, at the heed of the channel fleet, leads
our seamen to victory. That ►owever is not to be expected
from every man. But every landowner can do something in
the same direction. The other day I maw four very inferior
hovels or tenements that were boilt by a ninon who sought
to obtain s good investment for his capital. But they passed
into the hands of another proprietor, and they
have been turned into two excellent cottages.
These are the kind of opportunities of which
all landed proprietors may avail themselves. The yontiou
at LIMO is a very simple one. The greatness of a country
depends on the race that inhabit it, and whatever your an.
oestore may have done to make England great sad (smote,
you lose the result of their labours it your people become
physically degenerate. I need sot here dwell upon the
condition of the poor is grad cities. But it ham been proved
by the experience which they afford that wretchedness and
crime are 00-ordinate. I was reaches the other day a book
written more than 200 years ago, and I found from it that
this subject of the sanitary condition of the people, which
is usually 'opposed to have risen in our day, bad at
that period attracted marked attention. It must be
said for the honour and glory of the church that it tbea
forbad intramural interment. It was stated by a very
great scholar that the famous dociantion of the wisest of
Kings, " Vanity of vanities, and all is vanity," was a mis-
print or a mistake of the copier, and that what Solomon
really said was not, minifee resitemia, et ostaia rati.taa,
bat aanitas asmitatum, et ostais amass. (A laugh.) la
alluding teelie Ads of the dwelling of the laboaring.elasses
I must admit that 'believe that some of the fault lies with
the labourers themselves ; and re this soeount I propose,
with the permission of your committee, to give nest
year a prize of 51. for the cottage that is kept
in the best order. I wish to direct the at-
teatime of the people themselves to this gubje,t,
and it is with that view that I hope I shall be allowed to
offer the proposed prize. I had not intended when I roes
to address you at such length. I only meant to thank you
in my own name and in the n►mes of my colleagues, for the
honour you have done us in drinking our healths, and to
make a few (moral remarks on the present state of the agri-
cultural classes. I believe we may now look epos our eon'
ditson with satisfaction and contentment, but at the same
time I bops with an increased sees of our duties, both es
proprietors and occupiers of the soil, and with • mei idiom,
that in improving the condition of the agricultural labourer's
we are in fact increasing the sources of our own wealth, and
ensuring the permanniee of our own happioems. (The right
hon. gentleman resumed his seat amidst much cheering.)
Some other addreises followed, and the company did cot
separate until a somewhat advanced hoar of the evening.

WORKING MEN'S CLUB AND INSTITUTE UN lON.
—The council of this most useful body announce that, oa
the Ist October, 1864, will be published No. 1 of the Work.
illy Men's Chao and laKitete Afaga.:lec, to be continued
monthly. It is earnestly requested that all mends of the
movement will sedeavour to procure subscribers, and thus
cooperate to make the magazine self-eupporting. The
council will receive order at the office of the union.
THE LANs DIr.:MR-T.—There are few, if any,
places in the lake district in which there are so many plea-
sat walks and picturesque resorts as Keswick ; and it
must be a matter of regret, alike to tourist ad resi-
dent, to see these gradually disappearing nader the stern
edicts of the new manorial dynasty which has replaced the
comparatively paternal gmereinest of Greenwich Hospital.
The temptation to make &short cut through • blooming
meadow, or to thread the mum of some readapt labyrinth, id
now °vowelised by the offensive sad restraining 'enaction
No &ad," which. in glade( characters of white paint,
defaces the umbrageous suburbs of Keswick. One
of the beet known and mod favourite haunts, for at least
a century, Cockshot.wood, fining the lake, was walled in
a year or two since, none vestunng to question a decree.
apparently as irrevocable as the laws of the Medea and
Persians. Gray, the poet, visited Keswick in 1769, and in
his very pleasing narrative of his tour, writes thee on the
4th of October, in that year, be walked to Coolant. bill in
the afternoon ; it is covered with young tress, both sown
and Planted, oak, spruce, Scotch fin, to. There is so easy
ascent to the top, and the view far preferable to that ea
because this is lower and Dearer the lake ;
Era. I find that all points that are much elevated spoil the
sty of the and make its parts which are not
large look poor sad diminutive." A board was *meted •
few weeks ago at the entrance of this road to the lake, and
on which was painted an annenseemeat prohibitiog its
being used any [sager as • thoroughfare for canine's, carte,
led horses. Nicol Ending, at Portionsrlee,, is a similar
public lean fag, in which Sir Joke Weedpsd Iwo provided
that no encroachment or mistake should arise in flame, by
placing states to define the right of the public. The Kee-
trick and &creedal' people cannot submit to hate a right,
which they have prescriptively enjoyed so long, set aside ;
and there can be little doubt that when these facts oome
the knowledge of the lord of the manor, his abstract love
of justice will prompt him to issue immediate commands
for the repeal of this ohm:sons order.—Cumfxr:and
Pa-quit.
ARRIVAL OF TROOPS FROM CANADA.—A further
detrobmeot of the Military Traits arrived at Liverpool yes-
terday by the steamer Jura from Quebec. The detachment
was under the command of Captain Moerisen, and the other
Liken were Captain Powell, and Lieutenants &obeli and
. Ramsay. Then wan two staff seeposts sod 123 non.
remissiooed officers and men, five ladies. 21 women sad 25
ehildren. They remained on board the Jura during last
niebt, sled would leave this (Thunday) morning by the
9 o'clock train for Woolwich. This dynamist is the
second squadron of the 3rd battalion.
CURIOUS CASE or DROWNING.—An inquest was
held by the coroner for Anatol, on Tuesday morning, touch-
ing the death of Charles Henry Gibson. The deceased wee
a native of Boston. and was 3.5 years of age. He was
a steward on board the American ship Charles Sprigne, sad
bad left the vessel about • fortnight ago, when he was paid
aff. Although engaged in the seafaring profession be was •
steady man, sod was never in the habit of tasting intoxica-
ting Hiers. For some yams pant he had been afflicted
with what is known as " moth bandana," sad when the
night approached he was scaroely able to see at all. He had
met with many accidents in consequence, but be would per-
sist in taking a walk every night, and in this reaped In
would not be matrolled. On liooday eight he west out se
meal, and fell into the floating harbour, where be was
drowned. A verdict was found in accordance with these
facia—Weston Daily Mererry.
MURDERS IN FLOREIRIR. —Three murders, com-
mitted within • short period, on women living in lonely
quarters, hem created • great ormatios in Florence. Two
of the supposed murderers have been arrested ins manner
that speaks well for the police of that city. Alter the
murder of the third woman, a woman in the neighLourhood
was hoard to say, "It u• simpler fact that I saw a well-
dressed man with • black beard eater the hove, bat sines
the murder I have not nee him." The police, having heard
of this oheervation• called on the woman and asked her if
she would know the man if the sew him agate. She re-
plied in the affirmative, ard the policeman n quested
her to accompany him through the town and to look
Out for the man she hod diewthed. She consented,
and for five days she walked from 9 in the formsoott
until 4 in the afternoon without moues ; but on the
sixth day she pressed the arm of the policeman, sod sail.
•• There he is," pointinj to a man who was ercesing the
street. " Are you sure . said the policeman. " Tee. quit*
sure." " Then go home, and leave the rest to me." The
policeman followed the presumed murderer step by step.
He breakfasted at the same lavers, and drank his plumb ta
the rams coffeehouse. He accompanied him to the door of
bin residence at night, and pursued the mese course for two
days is succession. On the fourth day the deusger mot to
the railway terminus, and asked for • tieket to Leghorn.
The policeman did the same, and seated himself in the same
carriage with the man he was watching. On arriving at
Leghorn the suspected murderer met • oesepaalon, with
whom he pared the entire day, speaks( apparently of
serious matters. The policeman um thought it neeesrry to
employ an eminent, whom he instructed to dam himself I.
company with the two, and to offer himself as a p.m to
conduct them to the best taverns and other homes of enter-
tatoment. He was accepted, sad after • couple of days the
three persons were on the best teams pamible. The
policeman then told his moistest it was time to act, and
that he should at a favourable opportunity propose to his
companions to commit a robbery. After leaving cassiderad
the matter, they agreed to carry it tato effect the same
night. In half an hour afterwards they were muted in
their lodging-boor, handcuffed, and searched. On the person
of the man with the black beard were farad female ear-
ring. sod other articles of jewelry, together with denial
bonds, which had been stolen from the women murdered.
On a further march, a well sharpened dagger was found in a
narrow pocket. The two persons were brought back to
Florence by railway, and are now awaiting their tried.
SAN FRANCDICO, Arousr 26.—The three judges
of the Soprano Court of Nevada Territory have resigned,
after being dinged with corruption by the press, god peti-
tiooed by Dearly 40,000 totes to vacate the beecins.—Ntw
York paper.
The Hamburg and American Company's steam-
ship Saxes* sailed yesterday for New York, with the
4eITIWOI and English mails. 160 salons and • largo somber
of st passages, also • general cargo. She to.:k out
&either ie war lewd/icy.

erortoo.

HAYMARCET.

EVERING. BACCTIF4 ANDiIIADNR—THE CASTLE
14 ANDALUSIA. Mews Weise, Farm, Bucketene. Compton;
MIS' L Keeley and Madame WeIaa—YRIEND WAtIGIVd,
Mr. Compton. -And A KISS IN THE DARK.

PRINCESS'S.

Turn IMMO, BORN i 0 GOOD LUCE. Mr. D. Murray.
And THE STREETS OF LONDON. Messrs. 3. W. Ray, David
Fisher, D. Murray, J. Nelson. H. Forrester. and H. Mellon ;
Mrs H. Marston, !Urea Barnett and Gwynn'.

BERAJ,u.

_
Tata SIMMS. THE HARLOTS—
PROGRESS.-Singing
by
Messrs. H. Clifton and Louis Lindsay . Madame Yloon.-11r. G.
W. lestar.—Concludlng with THE MUTINY AT THE NORE.

aide WATHR At LONDON-BRIDGE

-----
THIS DAT L3lMning, Gh. :M....Afternoon, Gh. 25m.
To,nOnftk.W —Morning, ih. 1m _Afternoon, Th. 33m.

LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 22.

EARL RUSSELL'S despatch in reply to M. DE
BISMARCK is now given to the world together with
that which called it forth. In accordance with the
new practice which we lately censured, the dis-
cussion of Earl RcssELL's letter had been began,
and possibly concluded before its publication, by
some English public writer' whose patriotism per-
mitted them to form their views of its character
from the account of it given by the German press.
The public, however, will be glad of the opportunity
of judging of it for themselves. The first impulse of the
English reader after examining M. DE BISMARCK'S
letter will be to ask why it was written. Nothing in
the contents of this singular composition throws light
on the reasons or motives in which it had its origin.
It arose out of no political necessity, and satisfies no
diplomatic requirements, but is a gratuitous appeal
to the English Government on a matter from which
our statesmen had formally retired, after seeing their
councils rejected and their wishes spurned.
Earl RUSSELL has of late been freely accused
of writing uncalled-fordespatches ; but his oorreapon-
dence relating to Sleswig-Holstein was addressed
to those who had invited British co-operation, and
requested the exertion of British influence. He
wrote, moreover, with the object of averting, and
when that was impossible of circumscribing, the
war, and bringing it to an end. The Prussian
Premier took his own course, in opposition to our
views ; and now, long after we have withdrawn
from the negotiation., and he has carried his
policy into eflect, he conies and asks us to bear
witness to his rectitude and moderation. A re-
quest more extraordinary was probably never made
in the history of diplomacy. The ground on which
he rests his claim to merit is, that the Prussian Go-
vernment have exacted of Denmark no more conces-
sions than national feeling obliged them to insist
on. This pretence of national feeling to excuse
the acts of a Government powerful enough to defy
public opinion and crush public liberty at holm, is
exceedingly offensive. Moreovernatiotal feeling can
never palliate international outrage. We are told,
and expected to take M. Ds BISMARCK'S word for it,
that the heavy terms laid on Denmark constituted
" an indispensable demand," and was "the noes.
" wiry result of the situation." Having thus vin-
dicated in his own manner therending away of the
three Duchies from the Danish monarchy, and
justified pecuniary exactions which the Danish
Government finds it impossible to meet, and which
he himself acknowledges will plunge the kingdom
into a financial crisis, M. DE BISMARCK declares
that " not a single condition of the existence of the
" Danish Monarchy is damaged ; not a wound has
" been inflicted which cannot be healed."

Earl RUSSELL'S reply to this audacious appeal is
plain, but dignified. He commences by observing
that the British Government would have preferred
a total silence to the task of commenting on the
couditions of peace ; but that, being challenged by
M. DE BISMARCK'S invitation to admit the mode-
ration and forbearance of the great German Powers,
they are bound not to disguise their sentiments
on those matters. The substance of their opinion
is described in the second paragraph of Earl
despatch :—" Her MAJESTY'S Govern-
" went have indeed from time totime, &sec: nta took
" place, repeatedly declared their opinion that the ag-
" greasion of .lustria and Prussia upon Denmark
" was unjust, and that the war as waged by Ger-
" many sgiiiiist Denmark had not for its groundwork
" either that justice or that necessity which are
" the only bases on which war ought to be un-
" dertaiken. Considering the war, therefore, to
" have been wholly unnecessary on the part of
" liermany, they deeply lament that the advan-
" tages acquired by successful hostilities should
" have been used by Austria and Prussia to
" dismember the Danish monarchy, which it
" was the object of the Treaty of 1852 to
" preserve entire. . • • It is said
"that force has decided this question, and that
" the superiority of the arms of Austria and
" Prussia over those of Denmark was incontes-
" talde ; the assertion roust be admitted. But in
" that case it is out of place to claim credit for
" e.iii ty and moderation.''

Less than this it was impossible for a British
Minister to say after M. DE BtsXARCR'S pointed
appeal, and more was not necessary. Having
thus replied in a straightforward manner to the
Prussian Minister, Earl Itusskal. takes occasion
in his despatch to notice the application of M.
iiisNIAP., own arguments to the circum-
stance of the Duchies being at present without a
sovereign. The Prussian Minister had claimed the
satisLictioli of national feeling in • sphere where
its rightful fonetv n is limited, and where it is
very likely to do I,osehief ; he had made it the
measure of the !u0.,,.e to be done to the defeated
enemy. Earl t.I.J. shows him another region
where it may be gratified to the advantage of
all concerned. If national feeling may be
alleged iu justification of the severance of the
Duchies from Denmark, much mote, Earl Rte
SELL shows, is it a reason for permitting
the people of those Duchies to have a voice in the
political arrangements under which they are to
live ; and the Prussian Government ought, there-
fore, to refrain from transferring two or three
hundred thousand loyal Danes to a German
State. Ile declares that, in considering
the settlement of the Duchies, the QuEI.S.S