The Express.
London, England, 1852-01-02 00:00:00

ROMAN STATES.

The Osserratore Roman" states that the receipts
of the pontifical customs for this year will tqual, if
not exceed, those of the most prosperous years.

GERMANY.

BERLIN, Dim. 29.
M. von Bilk, Danish ambassador at Vienna, and
M. von llnelow, Danish plenipotentary at the
Frankfort Diet, have arrived here from Vienna,
where they had a conference last Wednesday with
Prince Schwarzenhurg, and, as the newspapers sur-
mise, came to an agreement on the Holstein ims-
tion. The Danish government is said to consent to
a reinstitution and convocation of the old states of
the duchies, but not without previously ordering new
elections. The Castle of Sondcrburg, in the island
of Alsen, is being prepared for the reception of the
Assembly. Orders having been also given for put-
ting in order the Castle of Gmvenstein, in Schles-
wig, it is assumed that the King of Denmark in-
tends taking up his residence there fur a time.
The directors of the }Loyal Bank of Berlin have
given notice that, in consequence of the accumulation
of cash in their coffers, they can receive on interest
no deposits, except from such public bodies whose
funds they are bound by legal prescription to take.
Considering that the bank only gave 2 per cent. for
money repayable on demand, the fact that it is
flooded with cash proves how injuriously the mo-
nopolising of banking transactions by government
acts on the monied interests. While the best mort-
gages pay 4 per cent., priority railway shares, the
Berlin city stocks, and even the new loan, 5 per
cent., there certainly could he no difficulty in
making interest on deposits, if there were
only several good private banks at hand.
But as there is only the government bank,
conducted on official and not mercantile principles,
the employment of money on personal security is
rrestricted within very narrow limits; and when
capitalists, as at present, having collected their funds,
are inclined to defer for a while permanent invest-
ment, they find no establishments ready to under-
take temporary application of cash. The opposition
of government to the free establishment of private
banks, arises from the undefined fear that a moneyed
power might arise which it would be difficult to con-
trol. Independently of this, there exists too
a notion that by restricting personal credit,
the demand for government securities is in-
creased, and the price of stocks bolstered up.
The folly of attempting to save an outlay fur inte-
rest, by sapping the whole sources of income, and
propping the state's credit by impoverishing the na-
tion's means!

Dec. 30.
M. Persigny, after acquitting himself of his mis-
sion to the Diet, is to proceed to Vienna, where, it is
said, he is commissioned to propose in Louis Bona-
plate's name a marriage with Princess Amalie, of
\Vasa, grand-daughter of the exiled King of Sweden,
and also, I believe, of Stephanie, Dowager Grand
Duchess of Baden, niece of Josephine. If I mistake
not, Stephanie's daughter married Gustav the
Fourth's son, the Austrian Field-Marshal Prince
Was., who has the highest influence at the court of
Vienna, and that from this marriage was born the
princess for whom Louis Bonaparte now proposes.
The Bavarian Chambers have granted about four
millions and a half, to be appropriated in four years
to the construction of railways at the public charge.

VIENNA, Dec. 21.
The Wiener Zeitung of this morning contains
an imperial letter, addressed to Baron Krauss in the
following terms :
Dear Baron Krauss,—lce consequence of your request,
communicated to me on the 21st inst., I bare resolved to
remove you with favour from the post of my Minister of
Finance. In consideration of the great services which in
difficult times you have rendered to my house and the state,
I grant to you the grand crow of my Order of St. Leopold,
and call you to my imperial council, where I promise
myself important service from your knowledge, long expe-
rience, and tried seal. Fasts: Jossra
Vienna, Dec. 26.
. _

The same Gazette contains a letter to the Chevalier
von Baumgartner, Minister of Commerce and Public
Works, appointing him to the finance ministry,
'which he is to discharge conjointly with his present
duties. Baron Kmuss was appointed to his present
office in April, 1848,, when he succeeded Baron
Teak, who quailed before the perils of that stormy
period. The allusion to difficult times is by no means
an idle expression in this case. Krauss was the only
minister left in Vienna when the Emperor Ferdinand
and the court fled from the city on the night
of October 7, 1848. Latour, the Minister of M ar,
had fallen a victim to the popular excitement,
occasioned by his sending troops to assist the Ban
in crushing the Hungarians. No ill-feeling was
exhibited towards Krause, who however had a most
difficult part to play. Ho found himself the pos-
senor of a sealed document, which proved to be a
proclamation denouncing the Viennese, and inform-
ing them that the Emperor had left to find means
for bringing them to obedience. Krause referred it
at once to the Diet, but refused to add his ministerial
countersignature, or identify himself with it in any
way. He has continually pursued a like policy,
has confined himself to his own non-political
department, and thus is the least unpopular
of any of the past revolutionary ministers. Dif-
ficulties ho lass had, many and great, but they are
clearly traceable to the absurd war-budgets which
have been forced on him. As for M. von Baumgart-
ner, it is ridiculous to suppose that he can be main-
tained in his new post, unless it is intended to do-
grade the office to a clerkship, and settle financial
measures in the Raicharath.

The journals to-day discuss the causes and probable
consequences of Lord Palmerston's retirement. With
the exception of Lloyd, which abuses not only the
ex-minister, but those who remain behind, all observe
a certain propriety and moderation of tone.
The following published list of the subscriptions to
Baron Krause's late live per cent. loan proves that a
larger amount was contributed within the empire
than has been supposed. The publication of names
also shows the terrorism that was employed to
get it taken and bears out the assertion that it was the
only thing which could have been worse than a
forced loan, viz., • begged loan, the subscriptions to
which were made • pspolitical question. In Austria
below the Ems were subscribed Vienna, 40,267,10011.;
in other places, 267,3008. In Austria, above the
Ems, 394,00011. ; Salzburg, 101,8001 ; Stiennark,
313,0001 ; Carinthia, 60,M08.; Carinola, 108,7001 ;
Bohemia, 4,798,601.; Moravia, 1,708,0008.; Silesia,
317,6008.; Gallicia, 443,7001 In the Bukowina,
100,0001; the Tyrol, 721,00011.; Kilstenlande,
2,118,20011.; I)almatia,66,Booll.; Hungary ,1,701,20011.;
Servia and the Banat, 211,3009.; Transylvania,
168,0008. ; Croatia, 86,00G1 ; Lombardy, 24,3008. ;
Venice, 4,00011. Total, 63,152,601. It will be re-
marked that the Italian subscriptions are the lowest,
the rich city of Venice having only contributed
4,0009. (4001.) Among the foreign subscribers are
published the names of Paul Stetten and Schatzler,
of Augsburg; Hope and Siebel, of Amsterdam]

Bleichrdder, of Berlin
Bkhtenbreger, of Brussels;
Newsom of B .rnOu; Rothschild, of Frankfort
s Wei ut other less considerable names whom totd
asharriptions Touched the sum of 3,281,0008. The
m i
tweriptions are not yet closed, and to give people a
tiowerful motive to contribute we areinformed that
Di,. awn., of all the private subscribers will be aliso
pomaded, and a black mark will thus stand against
the nano of any considerable person who has de-
einoi or been unable to take • share. General
Asyut* has even tried to make it a means of re-
(make: ii with the court, and subscribed no less
than 301...00 florins (30,0001)
one of .he first subjects discussed at the forthcom-
ing customs' congress will be the establishment of
genera! ti, rtnnn consulates at foreign ports, instead
et Apar.. ronsuls for each state. This merely sig-
Dltiks what Austria cannot effect altogether and
at s'ie is trying to bring about bit by bit, and
seizes an, excuse to mix herself up in the attains of
eke Girman states.
COLOGNE, Due. 29.
The r rest of Lord Palmerston is producing a
Est elf tin Germany. In spite of what English
napers eteirsa to the contrary, people in Germany
lietwve ;hit the ex-tireretary fur Foreign Affairs ham
hien sac .tieed to the reactionary policy of the coati-
sent. 1.. s well known here with what rancorous
hatred to Lord Palmerston !Metternich left England,
bow him. ly the Vienna journals, as well as those of
Frankfoi t. paid by Russia, wrote against him. Nor
art the v. was of the Czar forgotten—•• The repose of
Epropc V .1 never be assured until that revolutionary
Palmer* n is got rid of." It may be that all this
has gone for nothing in the accomplishment of the
evert r may he that Lord Granville is yet more
liberal a 1 more firm than his predecessor; but those
poseibilit.es do not prevent in the present moment
L, des p discouragement of the liberals here. Aus-
trian 41 .matists may not have gained a decisive
battle. h a they give out that they have; appear-
anci san in their favour. Liberals who have carried
on the Kittle with hope hitherto against great odds,
Dow drier and are discouraged, believing that Eng-
land has ..tiven the signal for surrender. Now that
the mor.il support of England has vanished it may be
lons b. fore they again lift up their heads.
Certainly Austrian influence needed not to be
aument..l at this moment in Germane. It is crush-
ing erti thing free and independe.nt, and poor
Prussia knows not how to make head against it. I
bail re. nuked, the statesmen of Prussia are blind
moult to rejoice over Palmerston 's Lit They might
well maul, over him if thee could comprehend their
position. they may have fielped to pull down the
ex-minister, but Austria alone will be the gainer.
The jesuitical policy of Louis Napoleon is a success
foe Aavtita, for whatever is jesuitical is friendly to
kr. To-day M. Montalcmbert, the same who with
Gomm wrote the attack on Prussia when the pre-
sent kin,: dealt so royally with the Archbishop
of Cologne. is a most influential person at the
Elv4e. and certainly he would counsel nothing eon-
triry to Austrian interests.
In proportion as Austria and reaction gain on
every side, does the influence of Prune's diminish.
The Prussian general who should rightfully be called
to eumniand the federal pops Jorou,s destined to
defend the Frankfort Diet, and represent the execu
tire central power, has been waiting three months in
vain ; the appointment of an Austrian general, which
might take place any day, would be as great a blow
to Prussia as the presence of Austrian troops in
Schleswig-Holstein. The German fleet is likely to
go to pieces, because Austria, who cannot buy it
herself, will not allow its transfer to Prussia at
any price. The majority she can command in the
Bat has lately been abused to secure the preparation
and publication of a one-sided and thoroughly official
Aw-trian report of the committee which has been
some time considering the customs union question.
111. Manteuffel, who is for suppressing reports of
deliberatke bodies at Berlin, has been compelled to
take a lesson from his Austrian opponents and pub-
lish the whole ronspte-rendu of the Frankfort oom-
mission.

Men with less pretensions than M. Manteuffel can
meanwhile see plainly that the true strength of
Austria is not at Vienna or Frankfurt, but in the
feebleness of Prussian policy, in the Berlin cabinet's
distrust of all program, in the reactionary and quasi-
catholic s}•stem pursued by the pietism and protes-
tant Jesuits of the Prussian court.