The Express.
London, England, 1863-10-20 00:00:00

THE LATE MABQUIS rowxszaND.

The leading Polish exiles resident in Logsdon
have forwarded the following toechieg address of sonde.
loses to the Marquis Townehsed, ea the *masks Of the
death of his father, the loth marquis, the staunch Mind of
the Polish case :
10, Dukestmet, St. Jensen, Lcedoe, Sept. 19,1863.
My Lord,—New that the tomb has :dosed epos the re-
miss of your lordship's lamented father, we toast we may
be puelosed for trespueiog on your time of affliotioa, sad
that of your mother, the Marchioness Town head, to Uglify
oar grief at the decease of the late marquis, our neeration
for hie resenoty, sad our gratitude for the sympathy he
evinced with the misfortoom of Poland. The m Is. testy
sweat of his death has robbed you of a kind and exemptiey
fat! sr, and her ladyship of a consort in whose affection she
board the greatest happiness of her life, and deprived the
Polish came of the wannest and truest friend it pomemed
is this country. It was hardly surprising that owe or
closely 000nected by the ties of 'kindred. as the Marquis
Townshend was to Lord Dudley Coutta Stuart, whose love
of freedom sod humanity wen ia such perfect aka with
his own, should have asomedsd that never to be forgotten
fried of Poland in the advocacy of Polish rights and
indeperidthos, and that he should have somplied
the ones of President of the Literary Amodaties of the
Pelee& of Poland, which be held up to the last =meat
' of his life. Ever anxious to promote the great *Nests I
of the Polish cause, and ever ready to alienate by sea
acts of etherosity as oaly a noble heart can inspire the oaf-
feriap of the painful sod pertractei exile of the Polish
la he appeared to draw fresh strength and
iatal‘performsnos of his duties boos the difficulties Tine
beset itrfath. The struggle sow going on in Poland more
y excited his admiration and solicitude, sad his
seal is procuring help, as chairman of the ' Polish Fond
Commitsee,' for the in!urssats has not bath without success ;
and timer hie views in respect to this matter did sot meet
with general sad practical response in the national
mind of Great Britain. yet he remained unshaken in
his oonvictioe that one day the cry for the re-
storation of Poland would be soloed by all nations,
sad that the righteous cause be had an mush at heart
would eventually triumph. The loss of such a friend, and
• man otherwise also so much respected and beloved for
the may admirable qualities which adorn his domestic and
peddle life, will be most deeply felt throughout Poland, and
the remembrance of Mn devotios and his services will be
gratefully cherished in the hearts ci the Polish people. In
thus offering you our coadolaco. my lord, and mingling oar
sonew with yours and that of your lordship's mother. we
regret thee tee inscrutable decree of the Almighty, to width
every Christian most be resigned, should not have permitted
the departed nobleman to witemos the embodies of his wishes
and efforts for Poland's regeneration ; but we vesture to hops
that your lordship, following in the footsteps of beloved
father, will :retinue if sot increase your istment to
the ernes of Poland, of which you have been for so many
We
oat of the most kind, zealous, sod liberal supporters.
We have the honour to be, my lord, your lordship's most
obedient aed humble servan.•—(Bignedi—Chsrles
newel. Jobe Gielgod, Adam Koanise, Joseph Michalak
IM" O= IPeselak Merle. likalimewski.
The Meet Noble the Marquis TownshomL"
The reply of the Menai Towel:bead is as follows :
Torquay. Oa 5, 11463.
" My dear Senlcsewski,—l regret very much net
been able sooner to acknowledge the receipt of
trelleeling and kind addreen of oeasnes you have
forwarded to me from yoursaW sad ether Polish exiles
My mother and myself feel deeply the dimmest:ratios.
of sympathy you have therein expressed for us I. oar sad
bereavement, sad we beg that you sad yea emenfrYsito
wW weep* ear very elecere thanks for this proof of year
veva, sod also fer the esteem sad masa yet lair/Woad
foe him whose Ices we deplore. My deer father cartidaly
Ind the :use of Poland entirely at heart sad felt the
wariest admiratioe for the hereto struggle which seer'
easterlies an making le defeats of their liberty. It is
Based to be regretted that be bee not been spared to wit.
ars the reassidos of his hopes in the restores le of 'rear
~augtry to its indepsodene• With Mad to 1"7•1, 10.4.
i, Tisane only to odd that 1 v[ll ever, to the best ol my
ability. follow in his footsteps and in those of my late deer
kale, Lord Dailey Btuart.—l am, dearflealessmai. yeas
mlacesl"
Tro MY'ajor Sealtheralti.(34l"4" "Towoonnint

THE PENINSULAR MAILS.
SOUTHAMPTON, Oar. 25.
The staunahip Tartar, with the Peninsular mails,
13 peassagers, 1,6501. in specie, and a general cargo ci ram,
&sadist, lass arrived.
LISBON, Our. 16.
Hat Majesty the Queen end the infant Prince are pro-
graming favourably.
The band= has been fixed for the 29th inst. Great
preseratisas are being made for the ceremony, which is to
Mks glass at the church of San Domingo.
The Italian flees, under command of Vice-Admiral flab-
bioni, has arrived. ma Italian Admiral has asked leave to
land part of his sellers and marines, to the number of 2,500
men, to form is the baptismal procession.

The Yinishte of Fierace ltas eontracted with Morn.
&ars &others, of London, foe another loan of 2,000,0004
aterling.

A Portuguese ocamany intend running steamers between
London and Lisbon, ander the Portuguese lag, to carry
serge subject to • dlffsreetiel duty.
_ _

A emenitles of medical ma I;as been formed to consider
the reform the goverment purposes making in the quaran-
tine regedatirea, at present VIIXIWOUS and neresemblo

Thelmariese csii;vstts St. Louis is io the Tagus.
The French meal Births has bees wrecked el Cape
E spiebsL

The weather lately has boo wet and stormy.

Tie* is eery dull; opposliqy in tofiwellitisi pods.
Boil% 401 i image 611 t Peak el Portage! 'hues,
566 ; &Me Opel% ISt keltietas ea Lades, ; ditto
oa 5.16 ; dale au Amend*" 42t ; ditto co Haar
bum 45.

A Hampshire paper says that Colonel Clinton
has stiplaeld Os parasol of Hordle estate aad maaor,
is Lyniagiesh ea easy, for 13,0001.

- •
The Rey. Hum: WARD BERCRID AT EXIT=
Ilths.—Wo are Weird that Benjamin Sort, Esq., the
°butterfat of Lease, will take the ober at the great
tetrad whisk wiW be held at Rutter Hall thin
J. W. Hmeir, M.?.—At the hi=mas
therealessioes fee the of Oxford. held yeranky
at the Rousty-hall, thefatlo ing Weer ma reed:
Watmerry, Oat. 3, 1863.-14 7LL.ooorrrdddlhths,—la panti-
les@ of the come hitherto observed, I take the liberty to
lawn yaw pm, r lord•lisereemat of tbs may, that
winit to tarp the air (if it may be so celled) et ciekman
of the mem seroos, and to remelt you will give the
aesetetzy dethrone to the clerk of the pros to war ibis
Mows to the magletratot Finding it difflouth far the
roam I stated some time Mk, to try prisoners, or to pee-
side it Vials of appeals, with satisfaction to myself, I feel,
for theism mil other mew" that it is sot far the public
adenetess that I ahead eastioue to preside oe othr oar
roes ; itt that this respoosible office should be filled by
ass copal& of Meg every put of the work. I trust you
will pooh no to to your gram. sod Humph your
geese to all the my thanks sad gram& for
the Madame I have elirtye mama, and for the trust
mad oesfidemone teas mooed in me —I bare, the honour
to be, &a, J. W. Hater.—To his Grace the Lord-Ler°.
mat, ho."

--R.Otheerito lirterr.—tipwerde of 30 years ago a
magritme Seek plies in this aslghbourbood (LivoO), the
aim mai wide being in hatable eireurosisams. After living
together tat after the birth of a child, the husband wont to
Australis to seek hi testate. Hi wife never beard from
lea after he left, and. supposing be was dead, on the
lapin of seven years she t a widower with three
obadree. To lug member Is her second married life she
added five, making her ow. family, including the child by
her but husband, nine is aIL Some time *Moe the seared
husband died, tad she was loft to struggle with her large
family. To bar grist surprbe. at the beginning of the pre-
sent year her Intro( hard made his appearance is Liver-
pool. Doris( his 30 years' themes he had prospered in
Anatralia, sad mis • large landed proprietor there. He had
heard of his oleic sewed marnago. bat as the fault was
his lw sorer theeglthel terrain( to Regiod mail is heard
of the death al the mood husband. To make amends for
his *Ow angled of his wife—for notwithstanding her
mead mowings she wee AM his wife—he belayed is the
mat imedierese amass to all her children, pee them costly
costa* tied has taken them sad the wife of hi early slee-
ting ant with Aim to the load of his adopters. The wife,
wire hos alle. after as theme of snore thee thirty years,
boa restored to her ppoo s'lion, is now about 70 yews of age ;
sad go recent is their from this thaei v 00l
in whisk they saihd is eat yoking (/' the e pus[
Mercer,.
Tat GALWAY PAM= BERVICIL--GALWAY. BUN-
DAY.—The log leaked-for Amelia boa et length arrived la
sue nether&
andM opeeted on Tbereday ; bate whoa
Saturday dawned, so wpannase of the vemal, the
Meths of the people mak (really, and eantinued depressed
se the day wore on. A master at length was circulated
that eh* war delayed at fle. Jelta's purposely for important
dematehes. This, however, la sow toned to be untrue, and
the people are as mash doomed to disappointment u ever.
The teal Leta at the sue appear to be that, with the
esseption of I. hoots' deem:tie off St. John's by fog,
sail, it is said, the bodiess of her coils, no ex planation can
be enured to mouth for her slow voyage. This should at
ease be regthfied, se dales through bad coals will not be
tolerated, either by the the government, or the
puma. The Oaptsin Prows., left New York on
bee adortied day, the 6th inst. She arrived at St. Joh u's
os the evening of the 10th, ruled on the morning of the
and use due bare oe the evening of Friday Lust.
She eschewed to-day at IL3O, when the Pilot was im-
asedisedy ran theepide of her. There was no unDO-
- to-cloq, as the moment the tender got
don the mails were put on based, adder the super-
Make el Captain Fletcher, R.N., the null motor la
ceeinood, sad immediately brought on shore. A special
isle was la wolfing at the railway, aad, wifely
brought there, the alerted off at 12.40 for Dahlia. I
may mesas that the mail wag sot very large. The
brings 51 par engem in all-34 steerage and 17 cabin. Ant
pm:sager' spank highly of the kindness shows them by the
eMearesol mew, as alto et the Ins seagoing quailed the
eased, the only drawee& easelegly bong that the engines
are imealialot Ia for the weight and size of the ship
Live Gable twisty twi teeeap passengers left the vessel at
(ielwey, the reessinder woe to be Laded at LivespooL
Dublin Doily limpross.
WILLING AND ITS Da cotta—Captain Welk, of
the lstsssdw steamer Lady Sole, of London, has famished
as Odmey pmer withthe following particulate of kis voy-
age to Davis Simile, and the subsequent toil loss of the
mind la the It. Is Melville Boy on the nth July loth :—Oa
the Midlholemity the Lady Seale sailed from Hall for the
whale. Wimp, pa 4 Wier experiencing very stormy weather
▪ .airived le South- Fast Bay (Davis' Straits), on
the 10th of" May, where she remained until the
end ad limy, without captarhig any fish. She then
meth. for Melville Bay, and food the
proceededir
very dose, so that great difilenity was experienced in
netting shag the seek bed, and it was not until the
lid d J sae that eke mired Melville Bay, having
is company the follow* steamers, all belonging to
Dundee: The Oampsnlows, Polynia, Narwhal, Dundee,
Tay, Wildfire, and Jamas. The steam fleet pushed on as
fast as the very close ioe would permit, until the god of
Jely, when the land floe was observed to be broken up.
This day the Polypi and Narwhal bore up, and steered
loath, the ethers remaining feet to a floe until the morning
c 4 the 4th of July, when steam was got up, and they sec-
onded In getting round a loose floe to the westward, in
Reps of genii meth. The lea in this pleas was vary
thick, the simile ice trig from seven to ten feet, and
in some places aloes the edge of the floe it was squeezed
to sixty or seventy feet in thickness; and is the evening
the ice beset the abbe with a strong wind from KW., but
so danger was anathema& At 5 a.m. on the 6th the ice
begins.to move slowly, end about an hour afterwards a
end fearfully tremendous rush took place. mush-
ier in the whole starboard broadside, as if the ship had
bees an eggshell, whoa she began immediately to 6il and
settle down. Tlishoses with the Mw were got away with
all pantie sped—everyme working with a will, life
itself bring wholly demonist on each man's activity. The
lee at this time took full charge et all the ship now lying in
eMse proximity to one mother, sad the Janina also received
• fatal moose. The Diodes suffered severely and was only
saved by humors strength. Within ten minutes after
the soak received the first pressure, her after part
inroad ardor the ice, and in a moment she sunk stern fore-
most, her bowsprit sod pointing towards the hearses, as if
bidding farewell to the light of day before demeeding to her
future lee-hound home. Three small casks of bread floated
Of the decks as she disappeared, and were the only pro-
vision saved, adthe Lot parting gift received from the
poor Lady ?isle. The James also sunk la a very few hours.
The crew, of both ships escaped on the ice, losing greater
part of their clothing, and were divided amongst the re-
elable, ships. Captain Wells, with his mate sad fourteen
rd Ids mow, also six arse frogs the Jumm, were taken on
Weld the Tar sad the ins remaining very olio, the
nw were weimpletely fixed until the 21st July, when the
Ta sad Wildfire, dies several narrow escapee, got away,
ea the 30111 Jely arrived safely at Operniwiek, the
most nerthere of the Danish settlemesta. The Camper-
dowel and Dundee wore lot sees on the 21st July, close
beset. ad usable to proceed either north or south. On
the Poi August. two boats belonging to the Lady Seale,
sad ease belougise to the Jones, lode adieu to the Tay,
and promoled iti Nonnosk, and from thence to thaeoaek,
aad ea the Side August eatarked Ge board the Danish
othemer Neptuses, bound for Cipsobagen. After slang
tad Wise voyage—the crew haw* so other place to
gimp ea %as swept, the oil oaks is the forebold—
they were leaded at Wastes), whore they bed to re-
main, owing to a heavy south-sad pale, aril the 12th
Mgt., wise they were safely conveyed to Kirkwall.

Pews FIRS! CLASS and LONDON PRIZE
and.WATHICHSTON BZOGDZIC,
GOLDSMITHS and JZITILLERS.
llenntecicey, la Henrietta-street, Covent-garden. W.C., Leaden.
N.B. Th,s estakllaluaent Is Used at 6ln the evening, and on
latantar at 1 o'clock.

ALFRED IVEBB MILES,
Everybody booms Mr. MILES,
REMOVED from BoteUstreet. to 73. BROOK STREET. Hanover-
Square, lu I*slo. The KW TROUSERS uorlginsted by hint) in all
the New reit, rns for Winter. 4. better than ever."
SPECIAL mato!: TO GENTLEMEN.
A. W. mums begs most respectfully to announce that his
stock to the various departments of his establishment is now
replete for Overcoats, Vesting*. Bedford Cords, end scarlet
waterproof cloth for hunting. The wool-dyed Black and 11105
FrorJ: Coats. bus. A choice of 10 pleas of indestructible woaded
West of England Cloths. EZIABLISIIED 184 L Only addreaß

'gtt, erpreoo.

TO ODIRESTINDENTS.

,dverthementt Intended for " Tho Expreee" London Inch*
rarer, must be at the ofnee, 10, Bouverleatreet, by Two
sock on the day of publication.

COVIINT-GLIDEC.

Tins ENTITNO, Mews. W. U.
e* IL Corm A. Cook, sod W. Harlem . Misses Louisa and
Dann Pyne. Conductor Mr. A. Melion.—Commence at a.

If Alr WARKZT.

Tuts evanta, run WOLF AND iHg LAIIII.—FINESSE!
or, BPY D COUN"ITA-SPY. Mews. A. Wigan and Buck-
stalls: Mrs. Dower's. Um A. Wigan, sad Keg Angel—And
CtIALLES XIL Morro Wigno sad Buckstone.

LYeg7ll,

OS SATURDAY, OCT. 31. BIL DISONIO, a toss Story.
Maws. Fecuter, Brougham, hmer7, Ner Or, and Ogden
Misses Terry, Livonia, au,t ii/swarthy, aa,l stra. Lea.

astrrAinru.

TIM EM MBO, THE DAYS OF LOUIS XV. Mrs. 8. Lane.
—THE GEFAT (408 T EPTECT. Many Rey nulls and faits;
Mesdames Cranford and Yarnold. —Mug*/ by ass Collins,
Mr. Randall, Ida Maas. Motos.—And LILY OVONMIML.

HIOA WATTR ♦T WIDOW MOOR
TRES DAT —M.:voter. 7k. to AWfasess, Th. Wan.
I\satorrOir —Moran& 811 IBtr Atterwrig Bh. &A.

LONDO.V, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 20.

THE "Annual Report on the Health of the
" Parish of St. Mazylebone for the year 1862,"
recently issued by Dr. Tuomesott, the unitary
officer of the district, contains a number of facts
and conclusions that are of general as well u of
local interest. This indeed might naturally be
expected from the very nature of the subject, the
conditions affecting the health of any locality, if
carefully observed and recorded, being of course a
useful contribution to the further progress of sani-
tary science. And while public attention has for
years past been largely concentrated on the condi-
tions of public health, it is nevertheless quite
true that sanitary science, both in its principles
and applications, is BB yet comparatively in its in-
fancy. The essential requisites of its farther
progress are a larger and increasing body of care-
fully observed facts, combined with a more
searching, patient, and experimental investigation
of the special causes of local health or sickness
they suggest; and in these directions every
town in the kingdom may do something towards
securing a better knowledge of the true condi-
tions on which the health of the country de-
pends. The metropolitan districts, however,
afford in many respects the most valuable and
convenient fields for observation and inquiry,
not only from the vastness of the vital area, but
because the crording togeiber of such masses of
population renders searching sanitary inquiry
and supervision peculiarly imperative. Much has
of late years been done towards cultivating this
ample field. We have periodically valuable reports
as to the health of the City and the metropolis
generally. But these Reports do not in tare least
supersede the necessity of more minute local in-
quiries, and the detailed statement of their results.
The fuller these inquiries are, the more useful will
the Reports become ; and as sanitary knowledge and
vigilance extend, the facts accumulated in them
will naturally increase in number and value every
year. Old errors respecting the conditions of public
health are continually corrected, and more effectual
plans for securing it introduced. The Marylebone
Report gives various interesting illustrations of
this progress. The jurisdiction of the Medical
Officer of Health has recently been directed by
law to the supervision of slaughter-houses, cow.
yards, and bakehouses ; while more recently still
attention has been peculiarly directed to the health
of the classes employed in preparing the clothing
of the people. These requirements, the Report adds,
are " due in a measure to the increasing density of
" population, and to the competition which accom-
" panies our mercantile interests." Besides the
recent legislative enactments already noticed, two
others—the Food Analysis and Gas Acts--have
come under the charge of the local sanitary de-
partment ; and es the purity of the food, the
drink, and the air consumed in a densely populated
district is an essential condition of health, the
Beal inquiries under these heads will of necessity,
if properly carried out, yield very ample results.
Dr. TuomrsoN complains that in many districts
they have not as yet been carried into full effect.

With regard to the health of Maijlebone
during the past year, the Report states that
while the general mortality of the parish is scarcely
above the average, the nmmber of deaths from
fever had considerably increased. During the last
seven years the deaths from this cause have been
113, 78, 27, 69, 42, 34, and 99, the
mortality during 1862 being thus nearly three times
as great as in the preceding year. The returns,
of sickness from eleven charitable institutions in
the pariah show also that fever was more prevalent
than usual during last year, 542 oases having
applied for relief, against an average of 320
cases for the three preceding years. The striking
fact about this increase is that of its be;ng wholly
confined to " the form of fever produced by over-
" crowding (typhus), while the type of fever
" originating, es is believed, from sewage (typhoid
" fever) did not make its appearance, and, indeed,
" for some years has been of rare occurrence."

This fact points to one of the most aeriona dangers
connected with the growth of large towns, and the
rapid increase of urban populations—the diffi-
culty of obtaining suitable dwellings for the work.
ing and poorer classesof these arowdedoosnatunities.
On this head Dr. Twomrsow says :—" Oar new
" buildings are diminishing, and our population is
" increasing. It must therefore become denser,
" and as this overcrowding proceeds • limit must
" be reached at which fever is the powerful check;
" but it is an awful one, since the poison thus
" produced in the human system by vitiated air and
" exrretions is capable of extending its baneful
" infinence to others, and in a most fatal manner.
" The poor, unable to help themselves, thus become
" unwilling destroyers of their own lives, and of
" those in better circumstances." It is no doubt
perfectly true, that the necessity of something
being dono to meet this serious evil is every day
blooming more urgent ; but whether, as Dr.
THOMPAON suggests, legislation MU best supply the
needed remedy, is another question. There can
be little doubt, as he mays, that there is " • growing
" disinclination among owners of property to
" accommodate working people with families, from
" the liability to injury to which their property is
" thus subjected." But there have recently been
some marked exceptions to this tale in the metro-
polis, owners of property having erected large
blocks of improved dwellings for the working

duns ; while in other large towns—such as Bir-
mingham, for instance—the principle of 00-opera-
tion has been successfully called in to supply this
urgent want of our growing urban life.
The Report notices another form of disease
which is gradually acquiring • more conspicuous
position in the mortality tables of the district—the
disease inherited by infants from their parents, the
sins of the fathers being in these cases visited
upon the children. The number of known and
recorded deaths from this cause last year are
eighteen ; but the Registrar intimates that num-
bers more returned under the heads of atrophy and
debility are due to the same cause, while how
many in addition pass at once to the gravedigger
under the designation of still-born it is impossible
to say. In this connexion Dr. THOMPSON strongly
urges that still-born offspring should be registered
in this country as they are on the Continent. If
such a measure would help in any way to impress
on the thoughtless and improvident • higher sense
of the value of infant life, and the responsibi"ty
of duly caring for it, there can be no doubt it
would be of essential service. It appears from
the Report that infant mortality throughout the
whole district is excessive. In one district,
that of Christ Church, considerably more
than half the total number of deaths are of chil-
dren under five years of age. Dr. Tnomrsox at-
tribute* this excessive mortality in pert at least to
tho "low estimate generally of the value of life,
" particularly in the case of children," exhibited
by the lower classes of town populations, and the
culpable neglect of their offspring wb'ch this
feeling induces. The prevalence and growth of
infanticide may probably be, in part, traced to
the same cause. Whatever contributes in any way
to prevent the spread of so unnatural and de-
praved a feeling must be considered as a true
social gain, and any official provision that empha-
sises more strongly the value of infant life would do
something in this direction.

With regard to the general health of the pariah,
it is noticeable that the moat urban districts are
not by any means the least healthy, the death-rate
being lower in the Cavendish-square district than
in any other. Next to the Cavendish-square dis-
trict comes that of St. John ; while one of the
least healthy is the district of Christ Chord.,
which is furthermost removed from the great
centres of city life. The sanitary difference in
these cases is due, however, not so much to situation
as to density of population. The Cavendish-square
district, though embedded in metropolitan life, is
sparsely populated compared with the more dis-
tant district of Christ Church. The conditions
of city life are not, therefore, in themsel►es un-
favourable to health, but overcrowding is unhealthy,
whether in town or country.