The Express.
London, England, 1863-04-27 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS,

• -- • -- ---
EC OND-HAND PIANOFORTE S. office for an indefinite length of time. Hitherto
§siooclung& wax sad WOOD lave a Isar awOWWwW these drawbacks have been hardly felt. While
nd-baad rtsbotortea, by wog wWwwwa waken. bb
—.Sly rafted pricen—SlD. Ragembalrest. I there has been no scarcity of labourers, there has
also been little competition for an office widish in-
volved bard work and no profit. The extempo-
rised organization has answered well enough to
the temporary need. But will it be so, now that
the most difficult questions of work and wages, of
emigration and change of employment, are gra-
dually developing themselves out of the one origi-
nal necessity of finding food and clothing for the
starving multitudes I Can the peace of any one
of our large towns—perhaps of the whole country
—be trusted to the discretion of such committees
as we have described, which, however well-mean-
ing, act under the restraint of no direct reaponsi.
bility? Or to look at the matter from the other side,
is it fair to expose those who have already worn the
harness for more than a year, to the labour and
unpopularity which must attend the just a.lminis-
tration of relief to those in the very midst of
whom they live, and with whom they continue to
be connected by the closest ties 'I England has
reason to be proud of the lavish expenditure of
money and effort which the cotton famine
has called forth ; but there is an epoch in the
history of every such calamity, when it becomes
apparent that the irregular exertions of voluntary
benevolence need to be replaced by uniformity of
organization and the exact distribution of respon-
sibility. Before Christmas that epoch will have
arrived in the case of the Lancashire distress.
In the meantime the great diversity of opinions
as to the most effectual form of relief, the pecu-
liarities of Lancashire life, so bard for strangers to
enter into, and the fact that the funds in the
hands of the committees are sufficient for the needs
of months to come—are all so many reasons in
favour of Mr. Pcrrrza's proposed commission of
inquiry. The collection of evidence, the compari-
son of opinions, may be expected, especially if the
scene of operations be transferred to Lanca-
shire itself, to lead thoughtful men who spend
their whole time and effort upon this single duty,
to a far more practical measure than we could
expect from a cabinet or the head of a depart-
ment, perhaps imperfectly informed, and certainly
distracted by other labours. The great diversity of
opinions which will probably find expression in
the House of Commons to-night will sufficiently
justify the appointment of a tribunal, whose chief
work will be to collect, to sift, and to combine the
suggestions of those who are fully acquainted with
the evil, and have some practical knowledgeof such
remedies as have been already tried. The Session
is not yet so far advanced but that a vigorous
commission may report in ample time for careful
and dispernionate legislation.

WoOCKET BAROMETER.—NEGRETTI and
BRAII trustworthy and reliable Instnnnont, Use die
of a watch.—Partcsiars bbd], Balt= 69, Cornh111:
121, Itegest-atomst and Paace,

THE EXHIBITION OP ALUMINIUM AND
ALUMINIUM BRONZE.
2000 SPECIMENS, illustrating the Appli-
cation 'Ornamental sal Useful) of these fate-
Metals, are NOW ON VIEW at
IIrAIAN BROTHERS NEWSOMB, REGINTZTEENT.
AW N.

EVERYBODY KNOWS Mr. MILES.
Alfred Webb Miles 11.3110V1D FROM BON D.STRKET
to 73., BZOOK-STRILIT, lisuoveruquate, 1s 1859.
hThe lea Trousers iorg.nated b 7 Wm'. In all the New Patterns.
e lea
THAN IT

TROUSIERS.--Bpocial attention is called to the
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niatedial and patterns that cannot he eacellod, at
HAMILTON and KIMTTON'S, TAILORS,
10, Strand (opposite •
Exeter EDO.

IN FUN THIS WEEK, Price One Penny,
Pretty Poley come beck to We loving father.
Lord Clarence Edward Ptiet, M.P.
teetotal
Volunteers licthatr..
Wanderings In London. Cc.

Now ready, handsomely bound in magenta ninth. elk
price es. 6d. peat paid. ta ,
THY THIRD HALF-YEARLY VOLUME at by with numerous
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The First and Second Vnhuass, uniform with the third, on ale,
SO, risetatmet.

Elie erpreoo.

TO 0011211SPONIAINT3
tdvirlimatate Intended tee " Tbe LlT•ess° Loudon ltveolas
Paper, mast be at We olltte. 10. Botararte-etzeet, by Two
on tbe day of patglaideld

etAnumr.
me grans% STILL HAMA HUN D. Maws. •
Wigan. Chippendale. and Ferree ; klaidsines Ansel and
A. Wigaa.—JAUCKSTONS AT HOVE And BORROWING A
HUSBAND. Num. Howe sad Ockeeptaa ; MIN Maria Benin

IPRINCRUS.
Theirrinen, AURORA !LOYD. Menem lozby end Belcnore :
Mee A. edit end Ithe Henderson.— ILILLLIG MIK. Mr.
Home V end Mee Sadek.—And BIM:111
HAIM& II i, Oliver. HowerdAmy, Hudspetvdh. and Harm. M

LYCLITht.
Ting rninto. A SUDDEN ATTACK. Mew& Mors sad
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Mass C. ludaroq, C. Terry, se& llsworthy.

RILITANIILL
Tim Emma, THE WIDOW AND ORPHstN/L—FAITN,
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Mr.Dinkel SPECTRAL ILLTISION.—And AURORA FLOYD.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON MERL
TEE; DAT —lamb& 8 15a.....A11aniass. Ob. Ha
To-Roasow—Maralag. 911. ..Aft wards. 10A &a

LONDON, MONDAY, APRIL 27.

MOST people who have given any attention to
the matter will be willing to admit that the condi-
tion of Lancashire, which is to be brought before
the House of Commons to-night, has now be-
come • fit subject for Parliamentary inquiry,
if not for legislative action. Whether Mr.
BUSIIILD REMAND is the fit person to lead the
deliberations of the House of Commons is
quite another question. He possesses the quali-
fication of ancient prejudices against manufac-
tures, which upon any lips but his own would be toe
-virulent for expression, and he has paid a
brief visit to the North in order that he
may speak with the authority of an eye-vitamin.
If there has been a general though tacit concur-
rence of public opinion, that Government owed
something more to the suspended industry of a l
great province than • Rate-in-Aid Act hurriedly
ponied in the last weeks of an expiring Session,
public opinion—looking to the balances in hand—
.. _ _

THERE has rarely been a time when our finan-
cial prospects have been easier than they are now.
Events seem to conspire to add to the abundance
of money in the market. That the supply is in
excess of the demand is obvious to every one. A
scarcity of mercantile bills has been experienced,
owing partly to an &anal deficiency in the amount
in existence, consequent upon the dulness of trade,
and partly to the circumstance that a portion of
the existing bills are held back from discount
through the belief that still lower rates will soon
prevail. The unquiet state of foreign politics, and
a vague idea that fresh troubles are brewing
either in the West or on the Continent, have
likewise, no doubt, some influence just
DOW in repressing enterprise. There seems,
therefore, little prospect that the amount of bills
and other mercantile securities will increase so
far as to overtake the supply of floating money,
and to place the advantage once more on the aide
of the lender. On the contrary it is now the
borrower who dictates the terms. The effect is
seen in the downward movement in the rates of
money which has been going on for some weeks
past, and which the Bank of England seemed dis-
posed a few days ago to attempt—though vainly—
to arrest. The Bank have within the last week
acquiesced in the necessity of following the de-
clining market, and have put their rate
down to 3} per cent., with little prospect,
judging from present indications, of attract-
ing any speedy increase of business at the re-
duction. The terms in the general market con-
tinue to range below theirs ; and, should the Bank,
in a little time, descend to 3 per cent.,
a similar feature would, doubtless, still be pre-
sented.

has also been content that Government should
choose its own method and time of action. The
terms in which Mr. FMAND'S motion is made are
vague. It is affirmed to be "the dutyof the Govern-
" meat to take into consideration, without delay,
" what measures may be neceriary to relieve the
" distress which prevails in the cotton manufao.
" taring districts ; so that the people may
" no longer continue unemployed,"The first clause
seems to imply that, in the opinion of the mover,
the Government are already guilty of some dere-
liction of duty ; the second, if it have any mean
ing at all, means that the Home-office or the Poor-
law Board is to take upon itself the task of finding
work and wages for the unemployed operatives.
Under these circumstances we may congratulate
ourselves that • member who is thoroughly con-
versant with the whole subject, has given notice of
an amendment on Mr. Fu•asau's motion, asking
for a Royal Commission of Inquiry. There will
be the less danger that • discussion, which in-
volves the actual subsistence of • million of our
hard-working countrymen, as well as the interests
of a trade which contributes more than any other
to the national wealth, should be degraded into an
opportunity for the display of class animosities,
which both justice and pity now enjoin upon men
to forget.

Public opinion evidently points to the proba-
bility of a still lower value of money being ere
long established, and is doubtless guided to this
conclusion by the continued favourable appear-
ance of the exchanges and by the steady influx of
gold. The stock of bullion in the Bank of Eng-
land has not run up quite so rapidly as some per-
sons had expected, considering the magnitude of
the amounts of newly imported gold known to
have been purchased by that establishment from
day to day, but this merely proves that the heavy
government and dividend payments mado at the
end of March and during the present month have
caused a large amount of coin to be diffused through
the country. This coin will flow back to the Bank
later in the quarter, increasing its store, quite apart
from foreign imports. The aspect of financial
affairs in America renders it probable that large
remittances of gold will continue to be made to
this country ; the Australian produce comes for-
ward steadily, and some considerable amount is
now becoming due ; and the long frozen up stock
of Mexican silver is beginning to thaw. The
accumulation of silver in that country must be
something enormous, and very large amounts will
probably be sent over if the roads are made safe

Among those who are practically engaged in
grappling with social difficulties in Lancashire, the
opinion is rapidly gaining ground that Government
interference in some shape or other will soon be a
necessity. If we could be sure that the worst of
the calamity would be passed before winter, things
might safely be left as they are. The organization
of the Relief Committees never was so complete as
it now is • the balances at their disposal are suffi-
ciently large. But there is no guarantee that the
mischief, in alternately increasing and lessening
proportions, may not last for years; while it is evi-
dently inexpedient that a system of relief confess-
edly devised to meet a temporary exigency, should
be applied to a chronic evil. Whatever shape
the national proffer of help to the distressed
districts may at last sairume—a grant from
the Consolidated Fund, loans to oorporationa and
similar bodies for public works—increased facili-

ties of borrowing to Boards of Guardisos—the

by the French. For all practical purposes this
silvers u useful to our money market as an
equivalent value in gold would be ; for, if
silver be wanted for India and China, a supply
from Mexico prevents the necessity of our send-
ing gold to the Continent to buy it ; while if
a pause in the Eastern demand for
silver occurs, the Mexican treasure is
sold by us to the Continent, of course prepay-
ti mately strengthening the exchanges. Without
attaching too much importance at the moment to
the contributions of our two newest gold-pro-
ducing colonies—New Zealand and British
Columbia, where, nevertheless, many thousands
of hands are now engaged in adding to the world's
stock of the metal—the indications of a continued
influx of specie and bullion are too plain to pre-
clude any other than a hopeful view of our mone-
tary prospects.
Apart, however, from the condition of the
foreign exchanges and of the bullion current, the
money market is being favourably influenced by
the satisfactory state of the finances of both the
British and the Indian Governments. It is no
small relief to the taxpayer when the CHANCELLOR
of the EXCHEQUER is enabled to make an absolute
reduction of taxation to the extent of more than
three millions and a quarter. The money market
is likewise relieved, since there is in a proportionate
degree a relaxation of that process of alternate
contraction and expansion which is always going
on as the Government balance rises or falls, the
rise being gradual, and spread over many
weeks, while the fall takes place suddenly, at

main point of the difficulty will be missed if pecu-
niary aid be not accompanied by new methods of
administration and an increased distinctness of
responsibility. In so saying we are far from
wishing to cast any reproach upon the existing
local committees of relief. We believe that, u a
whole, they have performed their work with rare
self-devotion, with great kindness, and with ade-
quate good judgment. We are so far from thinking
that they are now deteriorating in quality, or that
the management of them is falling into compare-
tively idle but unskilful hands, as to be persuaded
that they never were more efficient than at the
present moment. Impulsive philanthropista
have long ago abandoned • work which
is cumbered with daily perplexities and
bears fruit of much personal unpopularity, to those
who feel their own Stamm for the task, and bring
a conscientious 'new to its performance. But it
mint be remembered that in the majority of cane,
relief boards, if not formally, were practically self-
elected ; that their constitution represents, not
their townsmen's deliberate choice, but the eager-
ness of their own goodwill ; and that what little
control over them may be said to exist is vested
in the two great oommittees of distribution, which
act independently of each other, and, at the best,
with an imperfect local knowledge. if the policy
of • board of guardians is displeasing to the rate-
payers, every parish has its remedy on the next
day of election ; while a relief board is really
responsible only to itself, and holds its

abated periods. To correct the otherwise perni-
cious effects of these movements is the express
object of many of the arrangements now in force
at the Bank of England, and no doubt they are
largely successful, but it stands to reason that as
the total financial transactions of Government are
brought within a more moderate compass, the
remedy will be more complete.

Int Court.

WINDSOR CASTLE% Aran. 25.

The Queen, accompanied by the Prince and
Pyres Louis of 8e..., and Prisms Helena, drove out
this morning, attended by Major-General Hon. A. N. Hood,
Equerry in W►iting.
To-day in the anniversary of the birthday of the Princess
Louis at Hesse.
Mr. Theodor Jensien has bad the honour of sittings for
portraits of the Prince and Princes, of Wahl.
SUNDAY.

The Princess Lonie of Hesse attended at theprivst• chapel
this morning, when the eerwiceappointed for thechurching of
women was performed by the Hon. and Very Rev. the Dean
of Windsor.

_
The Queen and Prime Louis of Reese were also present
The Queen, the Prince and Princess of Wales, Prince
Louis of Hesse, Prince Alfred, Princess Helena, Princess
Louise, Prince Arthur, Prince Leopold, Prince Alexander
and Prince Henry of House, the Wire and Gentlemen
in Waiting, and the domestic household attended divine ser-
vice in the private chapel this morning.
The Hon.'and Very Rev, the Dean of Windsor preached
the sermon.

Their Grand Ducal Highnesses eel Prince Alexander and
Prince Henry of Hone, attended by Baron de Rebmann,
arrived at the Cantle last evening. The Prince of Wales,
Prime Alfred, and Prince Louis of Henke met the Princes
of Hesse at the Windsor station.
Prince Arthur attended by Major Elphinstone arrived at
the Cattle.

The Duchene of Welliogtoo, the Right HOD. Sir Charles
Wood, and the B.ev. Mr. Bender also arrived at the Castle.

The Queen will hold a Privy Council tomorrow (Tuesday]
at Windsor Castle.

A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday, at
the official residence of the First Lord of the
Treasury, in Downing-street. The Ministers pre-
sent were Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chan-
cellor, Earl Granville, the Duke of Argyll, Sir
George Grey, Earl Russell, the Duke of Newcastle,
Sir ',Charles Wood, the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer, the Duke of Somerset, the Right Hon. T.
Milner Gibson, the Right lion. Edward Cardwell,
Lord Stanley of Alderley, and the Right Hon.
C. P. Villiers.

Despatches were mut on Saturday from the Colonial-office
to the Governors of Gibraltar, Malta, Cateds, and to the
Lord High Commissioner of the looks lehusds.

THE ALBERT MEMORIAL.

Lieutenant-General Grey bee received the com-
mands of the Queen to acknowledge the receipt of the report
of the coron.ittee appointed to give her Majesty their
assiatancs in the conndenttion of questions relative to the
National Memorial to the Prince Consort.
Her Majesty hu directed that her best thanks may be
Tethered to the commit' ter the valuable services which
. .

they have renders • and angadvice ear 41 they have sub-
mitted toPorrildsjestv.
The Queen very fully participake in the regret expreseed
'by the committee that it has been found neeemary to abut.
doe, for the preseet, the idea of the centre] ball, which,

combined with a personal memorial, would have appeared
to mite the tribute of national gratitude with the objects
in which the great and good Prince took the strongest inte-
rest, and would also have for ever associated with the memo-
rial the reoullections of the Exhibition of 1851. This
regret is, however, modified by the expectation that when-
ever the oommisimers of 1861 may be in a position to
appropriate the vacant space north of the conservatory in
the Royal Horticultural Gardens to the purposes for which
the estate was purchased a hall may still form part of the
banding, to be erected there.
The personal memorial to the Prince was always the first
object, and the Queen never contemplated the combination
of the central hall until that was adequately provided for.
Under (these circumstances the Queen is happy to see
that the committee have recommended for selection toe
design of Mr. Scott, to which her Majesty had already
given the preference among the many beautiful deriets
submitted for ha jodpuot.
Windsor Castle, April 22, 1863.
Sir Charles

The ladies of Coventry are about to present to
her Royal Highness the Princess d Wales a hoodoos»
watch of Coventry manufacture;
The Countess Cowper has issued cards for even-
ing parties on Wednesday next, and on the 6th of May, at
her house in Bt. Jainee's.equare.

The Right Ron. B. Dianeli and Mrs. Disraeli
satertaised at dinner ea Saturday evening at their miaow"
Grosvenor-gate, the Marchioness of Ely, the Marquis and
Marehionem of Normaoby, the Saxon Minister, the Earl of
Bt. Germans, the Countess of Malmeebary, the Earl Cow-
per, Lord and Lady Joba Manus's, Vimoont and Viscountess
ktoystoo, Sir Edward and Lady Caroline Kerrisoo, Mr.
Lygoo, and Sir Anthony and Lady De Rothschild.
Mr. Chichester Forteecne, M.P., having quite
recovered from his moot attack of mamba, will resume
his official duties at the Colonial-efface to-day, the hon. gen-
Memel and the Counter Waldegrave heviog returned from
Irsiand;
•

Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston received
the Marquis and Marchioness of Chinricarde„ the Earl of
Dunmore, the Earl and Countess of Shaftesbary end Lady
Victoria Ashley, the Earl and Lady Constance Grosvenor,

the Countess Cowper and Ladies Florenoe and Ada.
Cowper, Viscount Chelsea, Lard &delay, Lord Hubert De
Burgh Canning, the Right Hos. W. F. and Mrs. Cowper,
Mr. Henry Greville, Mr. F. Oliphant, ka., at dinner on
Saturday evening, at Cambridge House, Piccadilly. Later
in the evening Lady Palmerston had an assembly, which was
both fashionably sad numerously attended.

At the evening meeting of the members of the
Royal Institution on Friday, when the Duke of Northum-
berland was in the chair, a lecture was delivered by Mr. A.
B. Herschel "Oa luminous meteen."_
_ .

- - - -
Mr. Edward J. Cooper, of ?derby') Castle,
misty Sligo, did os Friday at the age of sixty-four. He
bad represented the county of Sligo for many yeen in par-
liament, and won resptet by the manner in which he dig-
&stied all the duties incident to his position as a large
landed proprietor. He devoted much of his time of late to
mieetifie pursuits.
The bout of the Scotch journals that Edinburgh
got precedence, next to the Loudon corporation, in pretest-
ing the eddreries to the Prince of Wales on Wednesday,
and that Dublin was put bank to the third rank, as the
result of a decision by Garter Kitigat-Arma, Is exciting
strong feeling in Dublin. It appears that the Scotch made
strenuous efforts to secure this point. It I. mid, also, that
the Lord Provost brought up his state crash to London, and
that the Edinburgh civic proemial cooeisted of seven ar-
sine., while the smallneas of the Dublin deputation was
the subject of universal comment.
Mr. Alfred Smee finds the French system of
pisciculture " absolutely perfect." The pl►n consists in
plating the ova on a gridiron of glass, where they remain
with a jet of water passing over thou till the young fish
are hatched. "Any number of lab may be hatched at a oast
and trouble almost nominal, far I do sot think that I loss 5
per cent. this year of good eggs subjected to the process.
Much, however, has still to be learnt with respect to the
treatment of the young fry, for it is still a debateable nose-
tiou whether we should place them in small streams full of
weeds and aniusJculie, their natural food, or cram them, a.
the French recommend, with the fish of frogs or powdered
bullock's liver. I adopt the former plan, but am not so
roeldeet as to its superiority as to resider it the sole good
treeteteet of these delicate jetsam."
THE LADIEW POLISH RELIEF FuND. —We learn
with much gratification that the efforts of the Ladies,
Polish Relief Fund bare been so far succestful that a sum
of 1001. has been seat to Cracow for the relief of the
wounded patriots. The Polish Ladies' Committee, in thank-
fog the dunces for this welcome aid, slate that they are
greatly in want of surgical instruments and that any
further reenttasote which may be made will be received
with gratitude. Subscriptions to the Wits' Polish Relief
Fund should be sect to Miss Lucy Ell* 6, Lancaster-plies,
Megent's-park, S.W.