The Express.
London, England, 1863-08-28 00:00:00

THE EARL OP CARLISLE ON THE PRESENT

CONDITION OF I3ELAND.

The annual show of the Royal Irish Agricultural
Society was opened on Wednesday, at Kilkenny, under
very favourable auspices. The show of cattle and imple-
ments was exceedingly good. The Lord-Lieutenant snivel
• little before 1 &alma at the Town-hall, and w•s received
by the mayor and other civic authorities. His Excellency
having visited the show, was present at a banquet in the
evening. In replying to the toast of his health coupled with
"Prosperity to Ireland," he dwelt upon the historic recol-
lections awakened by the ancient city of Kilkenny. It
w•e his painful duty at the later meetings of the
society, and especially at the last held in Limerick,
to speak in gloomy tones of the then existing agricultural
condition and prospects of the country. It IRS true that
four sueceenve most unfavourable seasons had preceded
the present year. 1859 was • year of unusual
drought ; the three following summers were of al.
most continuous rain. If they only dealt with memory
and did not consider what was due to hope, this would
be a moment of the greatest depression ; but be trusted
they might thank God that they could read in the sun-
' beams which of late had gladdened their eyes tokens of
returning plenty and recovery. It had been computed that
if the crops of the present year ontequalled the average
yield of the tea last years, their value would exceed the
value of the crops of 1862 by some ten millions of money.
Although the distress arising from recent bed seasons had
fallen with most injurious effect upon many parte of Ire-
, land. he was happy to say that while the rate for the relief
of the poor amounted in England and Wales to tis.
per head, in Ireland it was only 2s. 6d. per head. The
educational statistics of the country showed a great im-
provement. In 1841 the number of males in 100 who
could lead was 54, and of females, 41. In 1831 it
hadriaen to 58 out of each 100 of the male population, and
49 of the female ; and in 11401 to 6.5 per cent. of the male
and 58 per cent, of the female population. In the county
of Kilkenny, in 1851, 1 of every 10 of the population
attended school, and in 1861 1 in 6. Within the past year,
he was glad to be able to state, crime had orasiderably de-
creased throughout the whole country. After alludiog at
some length to other topics conuected with agriculture, his
Excelleocy coucluded as follows :—Now, my lords and gen-
tlemen, I will only add, this is not a country to despond
•bout. (Hair, hear.) There are uow two sets of prin-
ciples and influences at work for mastery over ire future
destinies. Os that mountain top which overlooks so great
a portion of the county, on the majestic Slievenamon—
(hear)—one set of these principles and inficences finds ire
vent in shrill and ill-omened shrieks for strife, for discord,
and for the bloodshed of those who ponces std those who
till the soil. (Prolonged applause.) The other or counter
eat of prindples breathes through such organs as this sod
other kindred societies, of which it is the humanbiag sad
healing purpose to spread the knowledge of useful improve-
ments, to encourage the proprietors of the lad to reside
upon their estates—(hear, bear)—and to take an interne is
the land they live on, and the wee they live with ; and to
unite all classes and all grades—landlords and tensed',
farmers and labourers—in one blessed reciprocity of good-
will and good deeds. (Load and prolonged applause.)

AMR Ex•mitritetOles.--The next examination
of candidates for admission to the Royal Military College,
Sandhurst, will commons on Thursday, December IT,
at Chelsea Hospital ; and that for admission to the Royal
Military Academy, Woolwich, on Mooday,Jantary 4,1564,
at the same place.
While Eugland is doing honour to our two Indian
officers, Spoke and Grant, the Bengal Asiatic Society, to
which the former presented many of the spoils of his West
African expedition, lave paused the following resolution :
"That this meeting desire to record the high gratification
with which they have heard of the successful issue of Cap-
tains Spoke and Grant's expedition in Eastern Africa,
and to offer to those officers their warm congratulations on
the great discoveries which have resulted from it." Cap-
tain Smyth, of the Bengal army, was the friend and amo-
ebae of Spoke, and was appointed by Lord Canning to bead
an expedition into Thibet. This fell through from the re-
fusel of Sir F. Bruce to obtain passports for the party. The
Bengal Asiatic Society say that Contain Smyth, with a trusty
few, is eager to rival Spoke by discoveritg the sources of
the great Berhampooter.
At Calcutta Mr. Maine has just prepared two
bills to meet a want which told severely on the property of
Englishmen is fedi' who died intestate, or left trustees to
execute their will. One bill creates the of ice of official
trustee, and the other applies to India all the improve-
moats which have of late been introduced into the English
law of trusts and mortgage. " The rapidity," writes •
Calcutta correspondent, " with which British bore subiecta
ere acquiring property in the hill districts of leans is
anasiog. In the cities on the pixies almost all landed
property is in the hands of natives, and Europeans are birds
of wage. But out so in the cooler climate of the hills,
now last being covered with tea. These estates will descend
from father to sou, and must be protected by English law.
We have reached the stage in our occupation of this great
empire where colonisation of the hill slopes is a fset as much
as it is in Queensland or Sooth Australia."
The Quebec Gazette states :—" One hundred and
ninety.two Polish Jews arrived iu port on Thursday last
by the brig Rick, from Hamburg, end left oo Friday by the
Grand Truck, en route for the West. They are all from the
agricultural distiate of Poland, and intend settling, we
believe, in the country back of the Ottawa."

Win