The Express.
London, England, 1852-09-28 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPT. 28.

"Woens." said HOBBES, "are the counters of
wise men, but the money of foals." "Give a dog a
bad name and hang him" is another version of the
same sentiment, enunciated in a form adapted for
popular use. In whatever shape, however, the sen-
timent is expressed, there will be no difficulty in
finding examples to attest its truth. Lord June
Ressi.tt has just turned up a specimen, for the
benefit of an assembly of applauding listeners at
Perth. " Democtacv is the subject of his lord-
ship's elucidation, and we recommend his observations
to the general attention of the country centlemen.
For just as the poorer and middling classes of our
rustic porelation become victims, on their Loudon
excursions, to the light-fingered gentry, who make
profits by passing bad money for good—so are the
higher classes of the same portion of our country-
men "safe" to be duped by Protectionist and other
iolitical " •+uutahcrs," who pass their lives in trick-
ing their customers with a base currency, which has
apparent but no real value. " Democracy 'is the
word to be ,played off now by the shut Hers—just as
" Protection was before—to cajole the greenhorns.
" lhanoeracy" has, for many ears, an ugly sound.
Schoolboys mad how the Athenian democracy used
to kill all its great men, and how thu Homan
democracy could only be kept in order, under
the rule of that virtuous body of men the Pa-
tricians, by being occasionally subject to whole-
sale slaughter. Since that time we have berg
taught that a democracy when it happened to
be religious, even, as in England, could be satisfied
with nothing less than the beheading of a king, and
that when it chanced to be irreligious, as in }ranee,
it never rested until monarchs, queens. princes, nobles,
and clergy were all murdered. Those of us who
have not shut our eyes to the events of tae last fifty
years, arc enabled to make some deductions from the
sweeping charges urged against democracy in gene-
ral; nevertheless, many people arc conscious of some-
thing. like a twinge, when the proscribed term is
mentioned. Knowing this the Tories are now
crying—" Take care of democracy.'
For the benefit of our country friends, we
may as well state, that democracy means nothing
more nor lea', than a government by the demos—the
people. 'Whether, therefore, a democracy is a good
or an evil, will depend upon the natnre of the demos.
Now, who will say that the English denios is unfit
for a large share in the management of its own con-
cerns? What has this demos been doing for centu-
ries past in the way of government? Has it not
proved its fitness for legislative and executive power
by the perfection to which it has brought its muni-
cipal and parochial institutions? Has it not proved
itself to be the only country in Europe fit to be en-
trusted with full and perfect liberty? But what
has this deeso•—or, to call it by its com-
mon appellation, this " democracy "—done for us in
late years ? Who paid almost the whole expenses
of the terrible war by which NAPOLEON was
crushed ? The democracy, by means of its ma-
chinery. Who carry on that mighty industrial wo-
cess by which England is raised to the highest
position amongst the countries of the world—a posi-
tion to which her mere territorial capabilities would
never have elevated her ? The democracy. Who
feed the intellectual life of England with daily sup-
plies of mental food? The democracy. Who are
our writers, our inventors, our merchants, our manu-
facturers, our creators of nearly all the vast
intellectual and material wealth of the coun-
try t The democracy. Who, then, will fear
the advances of democracy if these arc the
step which mark its vsogrees? The demo-
cracy constructs our machinery, builds our ships,
store, our warehouses, floats the treasures of foretern
countries to 954 :slang, lays down our rereads, invents
electric telegraphs, and fills Great Exhibitions
with its products. Are these the advances which
Lord Joni RUSSILLL is called upon to defend?
What then, as the ex-Premier observed, is the nature
of the charge ? It cannot mean that a "democracy"
of this kind can commit political suicide, and endea-
vour to destroy those institutions under which it has
obtained its privileges and powers. Perhaps, how-
ever, the charge may mean something else.
"It may mean, said Lord JOUN, " something
that It behoves us all to wish—that the democracy
of this country—meaning by that term the psspia of
this country—by increase of power, by beam of
intelligence, by increase of wealth, bee increased in
that weight which they must have net saly in this
eountry, but in each of the countries et the wail ;
has gained an increase in that weight width is dae
to a people highlLionlestrions. sad cs=gsm-
petals@ by their
tat
their Wads el
is the Isinsisi sal et that pails
grabs which is so mush the ma
mat of this country. But, gen ifttveralit:
tempts to which I have all Med ere um*
which, brag] they lave existed. emelt to be die•
coward mai rile" this kis pow* el tbe
homer el deasauer-tblerowdi el ieleillgease—
rowtb el wedlb—tais Sinfiag
minas enlightened,' sed sae celagual I
to carryopinions on
in en enlightened weer the government of the
world,—this is on increased power which ought to
be encouraged and maintained. I will say more. I
will say this, that the manner of dealing with this
increase of the power* of the democracy could not be
according to the old system of restraint, with which
I was but too familiar during the first few years
after I had entered parliament, in 1817 and 1919,
which, besides all the faults of an irritation, peomotrog•
that discontent which it was intended to check, pprrooved
utterly powerless, and had much the same e&e.t as
if pennons were to attempt to dam up your magni-
ficent river, with the view of preventing an inunda-
tion, or to use a simile which applies, perhaps more
properly to the present tame, as if persons were
to lock up all the gates of the railroad, with
the hope that the expellee train would be stopped in
its course."

Nothing can be truer than this. The of
democracy is the great feature of modern times.
Look at the commencement of oar history, and we
find the democracy little better than hewers of wood
and drawers of water. It came to the aristocracy for
help at all seasons. It was dependent on the nigher
classes of government for order and safety. It could
do but httle in the way of thought or action.
It took its instruction, its religion, trom the lords of
the land. It could not even fight its own battles. It
lived by sufferance on the land of its masters. Ora-
dually it: effected some of the advances of which fre-
quent mer.tion has been made. It settled in towns, it
acquired wealth, it gained some of the elements of
order, it exercised some of the functions of govern-
ment. At last it became a power in the land, it
asserted its rights by the side of its former masters.
It became feared and courted. It ceased to be de-
pendent on others. It taught itself. It exercised its
own judgment on religion. It fostered intellect, it
made its own laws, it fought its own battles.
This is not a progrea that a wise statesman will
fear. It is ono which ho must recognise as a gnat
fact, and which must enter into all his political ma-
culation.. The people bare absorbed a vast palm
of political power, and nothing is more certain than
that they will obsorh more. No person who nob
the history of modern times can deny this. Every
government, therefore, which is desirous of maintain-
ing its position will do well to consider that the greet
Problem to be solved is, how to make the increase ofl
intelligence in the people coextensive with its in-'
creams in power. This dose, the mighty strength of
the democracy will go to increase the power of the
nation and its government, and be the best guarantee
for the stability of all that is mast valuable in our
institutions.

LORD Dzint digkelty d late in the ditessal et
Lich booms and semisionle les Ws Idol err
neiAlibeessidsowolly insighda he
richness. Tarim Um bites essweenistio ci
nines and prophllle et his het, sore then be kw.

what to do with. He has not pen to till the places,
or knees for the garters he :.as to give away. No-
thing but a sense of the utter worthlessness of those
about him could have impelled him to the selfish and
sordid attempt to till both hands at a grasp, and,
while du...thing in the one the solid gains derivable
from the, Unique Ports, to stretch forth the other
for ilia embroiderLd gown at Oxford. No doubt
hg would have seized upon the Commander-
i ship-in-Chid of the Army, had there been
any precedent for such pluralism. Why should not
a skilful marshaller of fighting-cocks have the direc-
tion of fighting companies and corps ? And if a man
with little learning and no science is tit to preside
over our oldest l:nntrsity, why may not any biget
without piety make himself an Archbishop? We
recommend the point to Lord Denny's disinterested
attention, when York or Canterbury shall next be-
, come vacant.
Bat the plea put in for the PREMIER by his salvo-
' cater is good, as fur as it goes. IVhat could he do
better ? Ho has hardly bestowed a single office upon
one of his partisans, but a voice of derision
had been raised at the unsuitableness of the
choice. It was only. the other day, when ho
named Mr. Swear V ice-Chancellor, that everybody
exclaimed what an unfit person to be entrusted at
such a time with such a function ! His party consists
of the political halt, lame, and blind ; and what can
their leader do but take them in tirn, and saddle the
public service with them in rotation, according to
their priorities of incapability? If Lord DERBY
does cot job them in while the recces lean', • hat is
to become of them? The session cometh, when no
man can job,—at least not snugly or silently ; and
the PREMIER has the repute of being what is called "a
deucedly good-natured man", who having, for his own
personal sport, led some 270 credulous gentlemen
out into the Protectionist wilderness six years ago,
wishes to give us many of them as ho can the bene-
fit of official burial before he finally breaks up
his shifting camp, and raises the inevitable
cry of were qui pat Still there arc sacred things
which even Lord Inithe's pity for his helpless dupes
will not suffer him to profane. There is the Warden-
ship of the Cinque Ports, an office of such con-
stitutional antiquity that the duties are nearly for-
gotten, and nothing of it remains but the profits,
which as votive offerings to patriotism continue to
be punctually paid and loyally pocketed. The
t'hanoellorship of Oxford is another instance; and
we have reason to think that Lord Dealer is now con-
sidering whether the most noble badge of ST.
Gwent does not come within the same discriminat-
ing rule. He feels, as well he may, that he has no
one around him to confer the vast distinction upon,
whose nomination will not call forth • tem-
jt of murmurs and laughter. To do him
ustice he seems to have felt this embarrassment,
when six weeks ago one Garter fell to his disposal;
what must his patriotic perplexity be now that
there are two ? There was one solution whereby he
might have defied all malicious comparisons with the
conduct of his predecessors in power, and have
baffled all envious conjectures. Why did he not
put bolls on himself? None of his followers dared
object ; and as a climax in his confession that his
party is quite worn out and good for nothing, none
of his opponents ought to have cavilled.
The minor offices, however, are a source of still
greater embarrassment to the PRIM: MINISTER. Om-
nivorous as his appetite is for place and for pay,
• ho
cannot be expected to app to them aIL 'f here
is the Secretaryship of the Board of Trade for ex-
ample : somebody else must have that. Being
1,,100/. a year moreover, and for life, it is one of the
prizes in the political lottery which seldom turn uo
for the subalterns. No sooner therefore was it
known to be vacant than a fierce scramble com-
menced among them—the fiercer on account of the
fast-spreading conviction—which like an ice-bolt is
eating its mute way into the hearts of all concerned,
—that the end of Derbyism is at hand. With rueful
aspect and importunate tone have candidates be-
sought Lord DERBY to remember how faithful they
have been, how much they sacrificed in purse to get
into Parliament, and how many damaging divisions
they were found in for his sake. One can imagine
some wretched gentleman venturing to remind the
noble Earl that it might be the last oppor-
tunity he would have of compensating his
" devoted servant" for all he had done and
suffered in the late cause of Protection ;
the Pantiax's brusque reply, that he did not like
the language of desertion ; and that men who de-
spaired of victory on the eve of battle were not fit to
be entrusted with the command of important posi-
tions. For the subalterns are not yet allowed to
affect a consciousness of any change of policy; aad
it is deemed little short of mutiqy to One el thine is
anticipate the moment when thee high•ardad leader
shall, in presence of the Free-trade boots. give the
word, " Up: guards, and—run away !"
Meanwhile, who is to be Secretary to the Board of
Trade? There have been rumours favourable to
the pretender at tar BERESPORD. With a
I view to diehiStiell alliances still said to
be declined e 4 it Night be desirable, perhaps, to!**
a second-rate put Ida the Walruitrat apt I
and if there be Urns te mow an
effective or prier dmande*ades dodo. it le
plain that ems sheep am* be Node. Above wL
the indamemat is ebelem af gOng rid at nee aid
be ewer el one of the met isas sad triable.
seine perms is the petty. ant toe whose nes*
• unsehrg_aupteils are ewe le thaw down upon
the Timmy MU unite Mink arid owes* All
tLeee andieualiame are likely to have buss eat.
weighed by that which frequently governs the PIO.
NOVI ammo both respecting len awl anemee. He
appease to be eadmeated with the Ulm blea
that everything should be tested 111 peeled&
eoneequeusee to himself as the he
of the waste, views, and airingielle hie party.
His pelted& is not Tayina Mt Preteatisim or
ty
Pneeyies. bat Derbyiea: am& be awe le have nose
about Ida who have set this Wale hi& LBW
of purpose is Wise asthma idolise Leta
his forWi eyes, if erallikasy et bead= * him-
self be found in fan detrelegneet. A sae way have
run the entire roust et *Weft from ultas-dsaes-
crazy to ulteeeebooMmi--U may hare hen abated
a Dieeenvoi _awl Oa ea ape** for all Cknreh
abusse—a Pretiellsalet in mold*, and a Free-
trader in plain—by tones Baikal a Whig, a Tory,
then Liberal lON dthus mare CAsservative than
ever—if W augh- the tingled web of -coloured
guilag alue be to
Per emit dielft as rowed aut be too
vont, me terse Ise Wha is the meter man
whom the to banorer. It
eigailee nothing that he IT *popsies; he is all
the mere likely to stick his pares. He has
proved himself diligent and "thfal then wt all
the various shifting' and chopping' of bis leader's
course; he is therefore the man whom such a self-
seeking leader would naturally and instinctively wish
to grably.
We have described a class of politicians, not very
numerous indeed, but specimens of which are note.
stonily to be met with in the camp of Toryism: and
we venture to surmise that one of those who belong
to it will ere long be putted as Secretary to the
Board of Trade. Would our readers be surprised if
Sir EMERSON Tate rarer were the maw?

laisu Swim RuiTl23l.--The half-yearly meeting
of this mew, wee Mid M tlatasslay at their nine,
Kies Minden Terminal Dalin ; J. Redman,
is the dais. The christen' mon swanned the fol-
lowing elateaseate .—" The rein ea the six swaths
seam the ash Jane last has heed earthiest to clear off all
MuWeans easiest trails, aid leave a surplus of
alhIL letlie audit of the lest arinest, while daring
the eines wane that have elapsed eine the acenust was
made mg, Owe has ben as average lawns et over 50f.
ow ma mowed with the aorraspasthog paned in
Ithe ; so ad, ea tho vhda.catraille roars gnaw •
men theausthlo rpm* thas have litherse than. TM
o.
segasthest Oa the Mier Wag, Ins siastalty
11. dim.= sisalmi to sot meant einontalies.
the •III•• swam have ban reload to the WPM pagan
me* as/ lbe beard are baggy to Mee that they have sin
seeded la Minas the Ms nil Westin Cow
le Irma the *huge as linige, whereby • minds.
Yeiew awn is the markisi upper of the lin awl
tom* lOU pee lama 'the Walk' at the _spy
an sem minguiliai, mg the dinalon loge they
will an* be Me rasoleigia what they se sea de-
stn—sithely, thethodeiagat theathlal asinst Onsider-
Mg, thas, that par —,, s is moral ditgrolassis ham
nos Mlle the baths mum ea yaw Yee la io
ands& mg way sass to upon that as the
nmasen new onsin me apnea ass. ad Ila lawnearn
aassasegat by ifra fika of raw esaimaimlisa, that
121111•10 11111,11.1111111 gragnanalitg imind. the bassi feel
justified la lantglmg the to
that at so erit this
railway will be la a et theli Os a fair
nous ladle
the they Savo " Attu a brief
Almothese the men was aaasimnil, lap&