The Express.
London, England, 1852-11-17 00:00:00

MAN OF WAYS AND MEANY.

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER rose and
rid—l beg to move that Mr. Wilson Patten do take the
chair. (Cheers from both sides.)
Mr. HOME —I bog to say that I am not aware, from my
experience, that there is any person in the house better
qualified to do so. (Cheers.) 1 have much pleasure in second
inn the motion.
The motion was carried noes. con., and the house imme-
di►tely resolving itself into a committee of supply, Mr. W.
Patten formally took his seat as chairman.
The following paragraph in the Queen', speech having
been read,
" The advancement of the fine arta and of practical
science will be readily recognised by you as worthy of the
attention of a great and enlightened nation. I have di-
reeted that a comprehensive scheme shall be laid before '
you, having in view the promotion of these objects, to-
wards which I invite your aid and co operation."

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER moved
the usual formal resolution—" That a supply be granted to
her Majesty."
Mr. HUME apprehended that the present resolution
meant nothing more than that the house was willing to grant
a suppl to her litaievy. (Hear, hear.)
TheCHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER would give
due notice of the specific resolution it was proposed to found
en the paragraph us her Majesty's speech which had been
read.

The resolution was then put and carried, and on the mo-
tion that it be reported,
Col. BIBTHORP, referring to the funeral of the Duke,
expressed his disappointment and that of an honourable body
of men with whom he was associated, that no provision had
been made for the attendance of a deputation of that im-
portant force, the militia—(" hear," and laughter)—with
the deputations of the other branches of our army.
The motion was put and carried, and the house having
resumed,

A number of colonial return" were ordered on the motion
of Sir J. PLLINOTON.
BUTTER AND CHEESE.

Mr. EWART gave notice that on a future day (which be
did not specify) he would move to repeal the duties on the
import of butter and cheese.

THE DEFICIENCY OF SILVER COIN.

Mr. G. A. HAMILTON haring presented the usual re-
tarns of the Wats of Bank antes,

Mr. HUMS wished to know whether any arrangements
had been made to afford • sufficient supply of silver cur-
rency; the commercial sffaire of the country hid been
thrown into very great difficulty by the want of energy
exhibited by the Mint in this respect, and he hoped the
government would consider it necessary to lay on the table
• statement whether any, and what, steps had been taken
to supply a want of which inch general complaints were
made.

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER must say
that the greatest exertions had been made to supply that
want. (Hear.) Ile did not believe any establishment in
the country had displayed greater energy than the Mint
had in supplying the demand for silver coin ; but it should
be remembered that the Mint had had to meet unparalleled
circumstancee—(hear, hear)—and if his bon. fnend (Mr.
Hume) thought proper to bring this subject under the at-
tention of the house by a motion, he (the Chancellor of the
Exchequer) would ha prepared to show that the officers
of the department in question had done their duty.
Cheers.)
MR. VILLIERS'S FREE-TRADE MOTION.

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER—I do not
know whether the hon. member for Wolverhampton is in
the house ; but, if he is, I with to address • question to
him ; and, if not, I will still put it, as probably some one
of the friends of the bon. gentleman may be able to an-
swer me. The house will recollect that I ventured to en-
puss yesterday my belief that it would be convenient, both
to the house and to the country, that the terms of the mo-
tion, of which the hove. member had given notice for Tues-
day next, should be laid on the table at eagerly • period r
possible, and I certainly did upset that in the course of
the sitting of yesterday we should have been favoured with
them. (Cheers from the opposition.) Now, however,
another day has elapsed without the terms in
which that motion se to be brought forward
being laid before ne. Now the house to-morrow
meets only for a rings' sitting, and it is not usual to
give such notices daring morning sittings. On Thursday
the house will not sit at all, so that unless we are favoured
with the tremor the hon. gentleman's motion to-night, we
cannot have them before ?ridgy, which is scarcely sufficient
time before the day upon which we shall be called upon
to direr it. Under these circumstances I am quite sure
the hon. gentleman, if he be present—or soar hon. friend
of his if he be not—will now give the answer which I was
not successful in obtaining yesterday, fee hon. gentlemen
on either side must feel that the nature of such an important
motion—l mean so far am its terms and expressions are con-
cerned—should not be kept in the background, but de-
clared as soon as possible.
Mr. Vitamins was not in the house, and no hon. gentle-
man rising to answer for hiss, the subject at once dropped.
THE APPOINTMENT OF A DEPUTY SPEAKER.
On the motion for the adjournment of the house,
Sir R. INGLIS, after expressing his approbation of the
appointment of Mr. W. Patten aa chatrman of the com-
mittees of the house, drew attention to the difficulty in
which (ho house would he placed in the event of the cora•
pulsory absence of the Speaker from illness or otherwise,
and thought it was desirable that some provision should
be made ere the emergency came upon them for sup-
plying temporarily the place of Mr. Speaker should he un-
fortunately, by inner or other cause, tie prevented from
attending. (Hear, hear.)
ARTERIAL DRAINAGE, IRELAND.—THE AP-
POINTMENT OF MR. CUDITT.
Mr. G. A. HAMILTON wished tooorrect a misrepresen-
tation of his answer to a question put yesterday by the
member for Roscommon, the publication of which had
given pain to the friends of one of the parties concerned.
Ile had said that Mr. Cubitt had been appointed to the
commission in consequence of the inner of Mr. Walker,
notlisat he had been appointed in the room of Mr. Walker.
Mr. Walker had not been removed, but Mr. Curti had
been added to the °commission.

The bum then adioozood at a quarter put 8 o'clock.

ESCAPE AND RECAPTURE OP CONVICTS nom
POHTSMOOTIL—Two convicts, at work with a gang outside
the walla of the Portsmouth convict prison, succeeded in
making their escape from their keeper on Monday lut.
They proceeded in company down North-street, Forties,
and thence into Hing-street, walking at an easy pace.
Chase being given they took to their heels, and, crossing
Queen-street, went down Hanover-street and up a short
court, at the end of which they jumped over a well into
the garden of Dr. Oarrington, and from that they got into
the yard of • Mr. Lush, a brewer, all the while followed
by live keepers and a host of people. Out of Mr. Lush's
yard they got into another yard, and perceiving the door
of a shed, occupied by •marine store dealer, to be
they took refuge in it, as they thought, unobserved. The
Occupier of the stare, however, saw the movement, arid
quietly walked to theshed and locked them in. The con-
vict keepers shortly made their appearance, and the pri-
soners were delivered up. Mr. Taylor, the occupier of the
shed, realises a reward of if. each by his capture.

Ithe erPrefUL

TO CORftIiSPONDENTEI.

& Nixed Edition of . Tle Kapres,. ecestaieuie the snow weirdly.
" Oustte," Is published every Tueads) Aid 11 iday .yrkt. "4
Iss wet.
idsettleessesta intended for " The Es pre..,. Lot of, it,enift
must be eat:im t Office, 10, flour-nr-street, by Two o'clock us
iy
illy of twbue.

rtiott WATEN. AT LONDON EAMON.
Tuts DAT—Mornhar. 5b 44 Afternoon, GIL Obi.
Toombauvr—licAsua. Is n.b. -Aftbrubbs. 111. 9e.

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 17.

T m n duoctonofoulglioanotouria:clelmitell3enttrsoil::;!
VihetEntotelm conduct
ti
motion is a test of sincerity. The man whouthrn,, it
will have diffieulty in abetting buy equivocating or
shuffling evasion of the full adoption of Frts• 'trade
principles that Minister, may resort to. MRCP there
will be a scrambling and sneaking among all who
are disposed to play fast and loose with sound, in.
dependent, liberal principles, to avoid taking the
test. Ministers, it is believed, will do their witiost to
facilitate evasion. They will not oppose, they will
not even record a spoken protest against Mr. V/1,-
1.1E104'8 motion if they can possibly avoid it. They
would have it to pass in silence, rem. con. If
they abide by this resolution, it will not he easy
to detect the waverer'', but something may
be dune. Every absentee from :he die.
mission may be noted, and culled upon to arrant
satisfactorily for his absence. The views of the Prue
Traders may be illustrated and enforeed is the
greatest possible number of ways by the gootcbt
possible number of speakers, in order to It Are ro
excuse for the silence of believers in Protection, or
any modification of it. When we have wily and
unscrupulous antagonists, or questionable podissors
of friendship to deal with, no exertion ought to Lt
spared to make them show in their true eoleurs.
It is of vital consequence that the House of corn.
mons, which has already affirmed in the abstratt the
principle of Free Trade, should disclaim all mental
reservations respecting the practical applieation
of that doctrine. It is notorious that there
is an unconverted Protectionist minority in
the house. It is notorious that the. minority is the
nucleus, the animating soul or living principle ot the
ministerial party in the house. It is notorious that
the fidelity of this minority has been sutured br
promises on the part cal ministers to give them tome
substitute—some " compensation" for lost Pracs:tion,
if Protection itself cannot be restored. Sonie such
declarution as that embraced in the motion of Mr.
VILLIERS is required to cut away the ground from
under the feet of Ministers and their paitisaus should
any such double-dealing as has been indicated be
attempted.
The members of our House of Commons must, if
possible, be brought to book OR their vote on Pro-
tection. " Free-trade" must be the word, without
addition or reservation: all pribb:e praLble abut
"in so far as consistent with the actual circum-
stances of society "—" compensation to suffering
interests," &c., ought to be ruthlessly cut short.
The time has come when they must be for or against
Free Trade. Those self-scs.kers who now atlecet to
agree with one party, and now with another, can no
longer be tolerated.
Of all the dishonest subterfuges, that of endeavour-
ing to restore a quasi-protection by some finuucial
juggle, upon pretence of compensation, is the most
shabby and discreditable. Mho is entitled to com-
pensation ? Who needs compensation ?
Ministers, of course, will not speck out like honest
men. They will not tell us in plain language who
it is that they think entitled to compensation. They
seek to entrap man by asking their assent to a sup-
posititious or hypothetical proposition : "If any
person or class is entitled to compensation, be or it
ought to be compensated." Wise men will have
nothing to do with " its." Tell us who arc supposed
to need or to be entitled to compensation, sod we
will first inquire whether they are so. If they are
not, there is no use in affirming an abstract proposi-
, don in which nobody has any practical interest.
Though Ministers will not speak out it is well
known that when they talk of compensation of laws
by Free Trade, they have agriculturists, or, more cor-
rectly, one class of agriculturists in view. There
are two sets of men among agriculturists who may
bo described as industrials and annuitants. The
industrials embrace the labourers, and the farmers
who employ and risk their capital, or capital and
labour. These two classes Lord DERBY admits have not
suffered by Free Trade. Thule whom we have called
annuitants are the owners of land who do not them-
selves employ it, but subsist upon an allowance made
to them by those who do, for permission to tie
their land. These form the glass who Lord Inane
and his colleagueo would have us believe—though
they do not venture to declare as touch in explicit
terms—are in need of and entitled to compensation.
Let us examine their case.

The income of persons of this class consists of rent,
or what is paid by farmers for the use of the soil they
own. Now, rent is neither more nor less than a cer-
tain annuul return from land in excess of what is
required to pay the average wages of unskilled
labour, and the profits on stock, and a cer-
tain allowance for management to farmers. 117
an economical law there does exist natu-
rally such a surplus. But our rent-draining
claw have not been satisfied with this natural sur-
plus, they have endeavoured to increase it by artifi-
cial arrangements. During the great European war
which terminated in 1815, accidental and transitory
circumstances had temporarily increased their rents.
After the peace, rents necessarily had a tendency to
return to their natural level. The corn-law Wail
enacted by a landlord Parliament to prevent this—
to keep rents up at the high, unnatural war level.
The attempt was in a great measure unsuccessful.
Even under the operation of the corn-law rents
had come to be lower in 18.18 than they
were in 1815. It does not, therefore, clearly
aear that the reduction in rents which
had taken place under, or which in common
justice ought to have taken place under, the corn-
law can be attributed to its repeal. But, even though
the repeal of the corn-law may have lowered rents,
it does not follow that those who are in the receipt of
rent are entitled to compensation.
If rents were higher under the corn-law than they
would have been without it, then the receivers of
rent were in receipt of greater sums than, bad thine
been left to take their natural course, they would have
obtained. The excess in their receipts was either
paid by farmers in the shape of excessive rents,
or by consumers in general in the shape of
increased prices. The landlord-made corn-law
enabled landlords to appropriate more than their
fair share of the production of the soil. if any
compensation, therefore, is due, it is by, not the
landlords. The repeal of the corn-law can only
bring rents to their natural level. If rents arc lower
since the corn-law has been repealed, then they
wore too high while it existed. In common justice
landlords ought to refund to their farmers or the
consumers what they may have received in excess
while the corn-law was in operation. Any chum
whatever for compensation to the landlords ought
to be met by a counter claim for restitution.
The claim for compensation it is now obvious will
not be advanced directly. That would be too much
evoa for the modest assurance of Mr. DtsaseLL
But if Mr. VILLIERS'S motion can be parried or
evaded, then will an attempt be made to obtain a
reduction of the taxation that presses upon landlords.
To concede this would be worse than even to pal
compensation that is nut due. Special exemptions
from taxation, in favour of special classes, are u
dangerous as they are unjust. l'he old noblesse of
France were exempted from all the taxes paid by the
non-noble classes, and the revolution was the conse-
quence. Even a partial exemption from taxation in
favour of' our landowners would of necessity
discontent and turbulence in the bosoms of all the
rest of the community. To prevent this Mr. VIL-
LIERS'S motion ought to be affirmed, inasmuch as it
declares once and for all that Free Trade is the only
sound commercial policy, and that with the simple
abolition of Protection the question is finally settled.
leaving no room for after discussion or cavilling about
compensation, partial exemption of certain classes
from taxation, or the like. engender

Is his "Curiosities of Literature," Mr. PtsitstEl I.
senior, tells us: "Some authors have practised 'la-
gular impositions upon the public," and he then g.e
on to quote the cue of VAAILLAS, the French historian,

wbo "enjoyed for some time a great reputation in
bio country' as ,•• writer who had penetrated the
jancot new sit. of the Cabinet." But, alas! for VA-
gio..p. and his reputation, other scholar. proved him
to be a plagiarist and an ingenious literary
fgger, " and the public were undeceived." The
Labor of the present CHANCELLOR of the
El,.tir.ut*Eki further declares " that a large volume
slight written on literary impostors," and their
own of deception—and ho dilates upon the fact
that " we have had both forgers and purloiners, as
will as other more obvious impostor., in our republic
of letters." Nlr. lzeta Disitsaht's chief instances,
wrote, relate mtht r to the clam of literary forgers
then to literary thieves -- rather to the con-
structive impostors than to those whom blunt
btu. Joirssou describes in his Dictionary as
wok stt alers or book thieves who father
another moor works upon themselves—thieves
is literature who steal the thoughts of others.'
Embalmed. therefore, in the f'uriosities of InsitAaht
the Father we find the names and deeds of GEMELLI
CalthEhl, UEURGE PeALMANAZAIL LACDER, Arnica
of VI MIRO, MACPHERSON, and the great literary
yea impostor, llENiewix of 'lrtiet.s. Of such men
our author discourses at some length, and with much
gusto- -amusing his readers by many ingenious
wraps and facts gleaned industriously to illustrate his
Bung.. But all his instances illustrate rather disho-
nest literary monomania. than degrading literary
thefts. When a new edition of the "Curiosities of
Literature" is rim:tired to satisfy the crav logs of public
appetite fin. such know ledge rev ha iipe, we =ye:wet I
to find within the book another illustration of the
least favourable portion of the subject—that is, if
111 r. Busman,' Ih-two:hi, our present Chancellor
of the Exchequer, should not happen again to be the
editor of the• publication. rho illustration we refer
to occurs in the (if.esr of bust evening, and runs as
gallows :
It nits possibly he true, es Mr. Disraeli informed the
1L u it Commune la.t night, that" Fortune favours those
Rh, are at twee um own. and patient." As to invention,
tb, perhaps that we say of that, the better. But few
gn• ,!,..pu••• the Ch3neellor of the Each, quer', claim to the
vatr torain try pittence, when they recollect his
espositioa of the military character iu Mat night's oration
ea the Llie Deli, et Wellington, end compare it, with the
enstual in the following :
IPAILALLIIL r•'.B.lotS.

It is not that u peat An engineer, a geographer,
geoi Tel inn.t leap engintir a man of the world, a me•
grove-whir—learned to taphysician, knowing men.
hewn, nature t ill the 11001111111 bow togovern them,
▪ new of men—thot he an administrator in great
Mast I, Able to felhl the things, a clerk in small—all
highest du's f A rof these things it isnecessary to
elate. and thin to de,eind to be, but three are as yet no-
the henslii, a. o ce of a rum. thing. All this cut know-
nsiwar) and a clerk ; hut he ledge must be exercised on
has to display all this know- the instant, in the nutlet of
ledge and hi exercise a: thaw, extraordinary circumstances.
dear. at thi same time, and At every moment you must
r istmordinary ..reant. think of the yesterday and
Menem At es, r) moment the morrow ; of your dunk
he Ims to thank of the eve and of your rear. ,Calculate
ami of the morrow—of his at the some time on the at
SEA and .it his rear—be has mosphere and IJII the temper
ao e i'.eulat, At the lasso time of your men; end all these
the- el :Ise weather and elements, so various and so
the moral ipudities of men; dinrae,which anistesmilesaly
and All those dements that changing and reamed, you
are 1. rpetuahy chAuging he must oonsbiae in the midst of
Is. to comb:fie, ...unlit:its cold, best, hunger, ballets.
ands °sere/14,11u og heat, . . . . .

. .
In o 3 uctit• node, ov •Ipilwrrs ....
tag sold —mtintirues iu (e-
-ntice, and tri licitly amidst
the roar of artillery. . . Farther off, and be.
ke..r Its hind all those Mr- hind them, is tha spectacle of
Milistsness tht re is est, pre- your country, with laurel or
9e%! the 'ibis.: of his coon- with cypress. But all these
try, and th...tremdful altorna- images and ideas must be ba-
it, whether slut coumry is nished and sct aside, for you
to weleAnt him with laurel must think, and think quick-
er with ypress. (Hear, ly—one minute too much,
tear) let those images he and the fairest combination
Mud dismiss tram his mind, has lost its opportunity, and
for the central must not only instead of glory, it is shame
Wilk, but t'unl, wi.h the rm. which awaits 7os. All this
piddy ; for on • undoubtedly is compatible
annum; more or 'A ss depends with mediocrity, like every
the tate of the most beautiful other profession; comma also
Conitilnabou—and a mom, at be • middling poet, • mid-
More or less is • question of dling orator, a middling as-
glory or ..f shame. (llear, thor ; but this doss with
Lear.) Unqatstiocably, sir, genius is sublime. . . .
all this may be done in au
niunrier, by an or
dinary man, so every day of
oar Lives we me that ordi:

sary atm may be auccessfal
moat. vs of at4e, aueetaatul

_,
authors, astl mat-maul speak-
ats—but to do all tlt,a with

getuus is sublime. (Hear,
hear) To be able to *kink
with vigour, with depth, and
with clearness in the recesses . . To think la the quiet if
of the cabinet, is a great in- one's cabinet clearly, strong-
tellectual monstratiou ; but ly, nobly, this undoubtedly
to think with equal vigour, is great; but to think an
cleaning, and depth amidst closely, as strongly, as nobly,
the noise of bullets appears in the midst of carnage and
to me the loftiest exercise fire, is the most perfect eiter-
and the most complete tri- the of the human facaltiee.
meth of human faculties. —H. Tlllllll ON TUB MAL
(Cheers.) Ms. DIPKAELI BOLL GOVVION DB ST. CYR,
ON Elie Dial or WEL- 1829, (MEW in the Alm 111$9
LIN4IoN, CArowels of July 1, 1848.
We will not add a word to diminish the effect that must
attend the hare notice of this impudent mad vulgar theft.
Hun while the Chancellor of the Esc men& was is the
act of c,eakiou, many of his &adieus saes hays boas
struck by the studied falsetto of his toes, Iles assoldoisee
glitter of his rhetoric, the utter abuses ef list bused red
beau! warmth which, as one might Mos thseght, would
have este, unhidden, to the lips if Vas adept of WIL.
LDIOTON. Peas Opp4WEILBII4II sera. At Ina the Doke
was mated witnessing Wm 9soulm!
_Ms Doke at Wu.
EINUTON had experieaced teme ftses of either heap,
sad his calamities were esseely Ism altnelka-
One than the Mow whisk Ihs asserld. He
was pelted by a es& He braved rho douse et Cowell-
Loa. The welshed Ceaarieos sees ascend Ida of
pealatiou. Bat surely it wan the last sleamost of Iseult
that his funeral sestles, possessed by tbs Adel 'hie( of
the English pauses% amid be Oohs wood Ike Mid
bum • trashy pausal% is a suisisefis Tsai Hoteral."

GERMANY.
AUSTRIA.
The Vienne Gazatta *l sk. the eonewtha for
the ixtrudition of candies which has lately been
emicludid between Magda and the Netherlands.
The two powers agree sedvally to deliver*ll
prawn (with the exoeitliul thole own )
accused of voluntary
anon, forgery, and kink inallillsidseiralataleni
lan bankruy. The mine alleas a pealed toe
requiring thetc
surrender et ea wise nese have
been committed on the lessihig el the eleimat
Mate, except in the we e/ *eery. Tho amid
nut be madosasway at aplastay, aid ho web-
pealed with of Sri Gameate ca which the
charge is f
CbenevalwElls .the
aewits el
the
Trade, by 161 with the Oahe at the Irea
Crown, of
_ _

The 'NoblsGons et Berl'' of the Ile Nays :
It is 'natively stated that Prams hos
to the Premiss goveraiseat to emeisie
treaty at osemeree. The serialalism, lowertar.
haws not bees yet opined, 111111111111111 k ast yet
haiku on what basis Fresco intends to tome

ITALY.
PIEDMONT.
Lord Minto has addremed the following note to an
eminent public man at Turin, in reply to the Arno.
woo, which endeavoured to implicate him in the recent
Political movements in the Piedmootaeu capital :
Genoa, Nev. 10.
My deer mend.-1 perceive dig •kvarnal, published at
Tann, penis" in easployisi ma, in eassitik• with
the 'natatorial change white has Net taken pima, awl ha
ewertmg that I have Was Iwhergew with the Ike. At
Gay other time 1 cerral•l7 eloeshi ma have hit Tags witti-
est ,ulitatma the baser ef Mips adatitied ear my
biesseei to hie Makarts. sift lite }WOW art*
lasted, I thought thatiashal= peg wield be in.
Mistily the oetnalias d • Oeso
embeentiy I dips/eel Ikea 'helm. se yea Mew, vabest
bevies had the beams appraadien ibe Was. "a I
eanyerated in the Istmellemifilhe preiteelawaat. I lbeeld
set certainly have girielged the be et sift la
**ion about as avast, white Me are • sakleit alder*
tad well-kit riatiataction—whine meek la ray optatne.sent-
ealtdate the constitutional geweeureset is rebiairst—
which does honour to the Ilup, ad suet be iguaseble ie
die iut.J.lti. As I ban bees me petty to the seallerescer
which occurred se the waladelet Pe will "4111' sn by ice-
trdtrtoe the ahead Heim at certain jostled@ wigwag
les had them tepardsi.

TUSCANY.
In consequense of the severe measures now taken
against political stereo by the police of Florence,
the Marquis Cameshrili, of Ferrara, the Marquis
Antaldi, of Yenttla, and Count Brancoli, of Bologna,
have been ordered to leave Tuscany.