The Express.
London, England, 1852-09-07 00:00:00

PHOTOGRAPHY.

There are many photographic cameras, to the
improvemeat of which mach attention is at present being
mM in both England and France. This leads us to the
most remarkable discovery of modern times--the art of
photography and before was so rich a collection of
photographic pictures brought together, the products of
Ragland, France, Austria, and America.
Before going further, it would be well to inquire into the
utility of the photographic process as regards its applies-
tics to art and science---and, indirectly, te literature—
by affording a faithful transcript of listless* papers
and original documents, upon which sebeelesee liter
and historical research must necomsrily he gess*ary
pendent. That photography is yet he its toikary these an
be Little doubt ; emd ft le more than piebalds that ya t
=:)trislime " bMilse w leit=alhem epoes thoisiftet
assa the belmespe, shortly after the theme
of Mee gimes of glom by James's children had led
to he Who. at that time, meld have predicted
the impeeleat maths. the istraiesat hosed area that dis-
covery was dolma le pity tit the amid ef mimes f et have
forma the emslimass it hes sifts attaimil by pee-
maim immesessanale—ems now
the E•
eghe reeling—acct of which
angle proof ?
V plietep is emaexisa with IA it may
at ant iew*"
weer- self a Met sad pawesfal rival led Asa up
*rarest sad ems deedaed bar in exist gs
to the seperied, of the *feature ever them
man. In He seen we puha,* aped to beheld a tarl►
eript of objects sad maspasitime mere elaborate sad mere
truthful than say the greatest paha maid ever bee to
achieve. United to this, sad is addition ft the gbh Van-
dyke browns and Claude Lambe tints ef of the
works now before us, by the agency el whose
existence is yet unkiowa, we ma sea terethedewed a per.
Swim of colouring as yet sever Im gined. By improv►
laser to the camera sad the daily inereming pea/tied
knowledge of experimental, we may expect to behold
imuspositioss embodying a dopes of reality otherwise be-
yond our power of attalammt The truthful delineation
of the various end Just rilatiess of the architectural
*dittos; the groups of Iwo at its bass; the middle
distance blended into the halm by indultam so fine
and truthful is to defy the wriest dims out ear part to
c *vim equal, ate Wielders ealy of that which
i:ir ultimately
a tely be asbieved by the Phstogrgibidi rich I.
ix ppm., and lummetalse of the pretesses of pitsesgrephie
art.

—lint this is • stspesilthi sad isserhst view of the as—
set ea repels tho ultimate minim of photography itself,
but as sawn* its belsome spat an. With art, doubt.
los its 608 so &Say win be direly linked; but so far
fro. lusesiog a rival, it nil pone • not useful auxiliary,
end • mess by whisk the artist of merit =ay rho higher
ia rogstatiss
tesad
ros mimeo. By webs photepophy as •
sews of rep the purely sesebesW pets of his
Was the week or the WM may be ma 11.1111•14; mei
th..4...ht =Lads from phoe to piss, ins's life is
path so by rennin( his fees that pert
of liTalever tibia iavolves us osposdistre ot dm dispro-
portions to the sod utilised. weelfost Astute to the
**Wooers{ of snow is nth end. Now need the slim
fear Wt the essloymest af lb amiss in sesjusetios with
hie peen, or his &leptons of It in any way to his art, will
Mr &rapt, ikon that ut,at render his • servile copyist ;
so may rather mast thst soh imperevernest In photo-
=Wwill toad to Ws bah the pokour a end the seulp-
irt on a ass and sass bull. It is likely that time
win Ws that Ws bosurthi assgssi of set and Wens
will irmstieny ast its inla the loins ot art, and
la haw der itself sue
rs sera sits inspirable from,
eel seralial to, bar intarects.
lislastrigraphy will Moe a gest Wass, to depress
VD 1.117 sahly waist; that, hes dle date of
the /seed of pholegniphy to the ilketration
of sense sang sesead us, trill ssonsom • BOW
1 SIS la serneestalls ; that it will greatly enrich
us with _sands rap
of wake. that wend of
pew aim within • shako delsthing illin boos the band
of the seal. arks ft OW hali seas 11111 that ••nature
1 to oink of the sonessy sod seesaw to give it
value is theses ages :—is MEM' by the various and es-
cargot ispessintations whisk we now possess of the
KAM= building itself, S all ft elegm4 by the hithfol
and weitsmouted I. Menas,
Meath the. OnaPtilirrikilushitrsas ospihd to tees-
sites owes of the above kind, mad Inehodattle will be
tal,„
W adhsslew posterity is men to Gam the ever in-
wig seres of wit representatu ions
' end 111,16,014§ wit the sod truthfl mord'
of Abed .the of heart ages. As
applied Is Swabs vises mew dajetenz
Il ben SWIM awls& y its splisationsmy be su
W wed* of ktheitheh ht Wes* bawls 1118thatiss to res-
ets! • more lesio, sad the dirsodsg of whose osstiess
into eases drawn wend he • wan of rosooks may
Wasik= tibia War the advisee of eft Al the mime
We the any ilsehi so posses hr the nueation of the
sues. whisk we sowded with illusemliess ushetweeely
1 but Iso won leiselatsd to probes met onoseems Wpm
sins wand at we give way Win the towthtal spews
tarns of phetesaphy, whirs, by theminet • men wows
moth own with sommthi aid to se{ bwelf.
Ws sew view photography in its aggLieitioas to Wens.
• saw by white traosint wise en rendered perms.
noat. and WIAla earths stars to de hoe own work, or fa
ether words, whisk ewes des peasseatly t 0 word
thesesine—le too well Stied Ass the isrposs of Wane to
ts Ml evalethed ; bat the diastase to he oversew is
its appYstim has bees, sod still es great, and the ranks
propeensookty Int is swabs; we miler, however, that
taw elimeassoose
e sst of • oyeessatie of the pawn
cp ruses es the poses of is indicated by
sf the awes by lb. Whipple ,nlit
p. 1, Weed Weed will bs the Wasik easlerrod
ups asWesesW seism. when we ASS porstheat
repromatatiess of the stadia bodies sad their relative psi.
tiny transmitted throve! the eras of tight. Another

illustration is afforded by the self-registering appara-
tus of Mr. Brooke (pp. 4U-426), in which nature
is node to perform this operations of a corps
of observers, by an application of what mast be
considered a few oely of the first principles of photography.
That its appliation m cawing instruments which are eon-
thrwn and delicate in their action, to register their own
work, must be attended with advantages—is evident to
every reflecting mind ; and points to some of the further
advantages science is likely to derive from the ultimate per-
fection of the photographw processes.
As applied to the preservatloa of documentary collec-
tions, end thus indirectly to the pummel of literature, its
use is too important to be passed over is silence. Mow
often has the historian, in his search after authentic
papers and original documents, found them only to regret
that, to posterity he must I e the chronicler of events, the
vouchers for which will have perished by the unavoidable
ravages of time, or, as in too many ewes, by supine
neglect. To make use of the means afforded by photo- I
graphy to procure facsimiles of these is a duty we owe
not only to posterity, but to our forefather. Again—u
applied to valuable documents of the present day, either '
testamentary or legislative, how important to secure photo-
graphic transcripts of these, which, being of indisputable
authority, shall be also perfectly unavailable for any purpose
other than that intended.
Let us now tarn our attention to the collection before us,
in which, for daguerreotype portraits, America stands pro-
minently forward ;—France, first in order of merit for ado-
types, or sun-pictures ;—Esigland, powering a distinct cha-
racter of her own, and presenting illustrations of nearly all
tho processes which have as yet been adopted. America
stands alone for stern development of character ; her works,
with tew exceptions, reject all accessorise, present • faithful
transcript of the subject, and yield to none ic excellence of
execution. France, in her daguerreotypes, of which she
has but few, offers bright sunny representations; their
effect rather injured than improved by too great masses of
'gaslight ; but in her calotypee she stands unrivalled, and all
but rejecting the processes of Daguerre, has concentrated all
her energies in the further development of those of Talbot
and his school.

FEARFUL THUNDER STORM AND DELUGE.
TWO THOUSAND SHEEP DROWNED.

WOZCISTIBIL, MONDAY, SZPT. 6.
This county wu visited during Saturday night
sad yesterday morning by one of the most awful thunder
storm within the memory of man, and this has been fol-
lowed by an enormous destruction of property, to an extent
which might almost bear comparison with the recent de.
'traction at Honntirth.

The storm was general throughout the counties of Wor-
cester, Gloucester, and Hereford, though its violence con-
centrated itself over the county of Worcester, westward
of the Severn. The rain poured down almost incessantly,
and occasionally in a perfect waterspout, for nearly twelve
hours, the storm having commenced at 6 o'clock on Sa-
turday evening, and continued until daylight on Bunda7.
The thunder roared during this interval without intermis-
sion, sad the lightning was of • peculiarly vivid character.
On Saturday evening, the river Severn at Worcester was at
its low summer level, but by daylight on Sunday morning
the river bad overflowed its banks, and the surface was
cowered with uprooted trees and crops, with furniture, and
drowned and other asimals.

At Worcester there sou not much damage done beyond
the flooding of houses, fields, and gardens. A quantify of
poetry articles belonging to Messrs. Archer and Co., which
had been left upon the quay on Saturday night, had been
carried away, or destroyed by the rush of waters.
Upon the Tome and its tributary strums—Laugher's and
Leigh brooks—the destruction of property has been most
afflicting. A great majority of the bridges upon these
streams have been blown up, or are so far damaged that
they will require re-building. The rise of water upon the
Tems was the most rapid and the highest upon record.
At Powick, the lowest village on the Tense before it falls
into the Severn, an island is teemed by the deviation of the
stream for the purpose of supplying the corn and other
mills at the place with motive power. The water rushed
across the island flooding the few houses there, and rising
six inches above the second floor of Mr. Hadley's grist mill.
The destruction of crops and live stock along the Tense
valley has been immense. Large fields of beans were swept
away, and whole hopyards, in which the valley of the Teme
abounds, were destroyed. The number of sheep washed
away in the parish of Powick alone is reckoned at two
thousand. The real extent ads* damage, however, cannot
be ascertained until the waters have totally subsided. Among
the losers are the poor villagers of Pocrick, who have the
right of depasturage on a common near the river called
Powick Ham. The whole of the sheep on the Ham were
swept away. On Sunday the carcases were seen lying
shout in all directions where the water bad partially sub-'
sided. They were chiefly lodged in the hedges, and men
were employed with boats sailing over the meadows sod
picking them up. Marty of the caresses were sold at 2d.
per pound. All the millers have suffered. At Renwick
Mill, besides the destruction of grain and meal, eleven pigs
were swept away, together with the pigsty. in which
they were kept. At this spot two men were join-
neyiog from Worcester market, when they were over-
takes by the flood, and obliged to swim for
their lives. Luckily they reached a tree, in which
they took refuge. Here they remained in their wet clothes
in the midst of the raging elements, tali' daylight on Sun-
day morning, when they were reused half dead with
fright. The turnpike get* keeper near the same spot states
that, late on Saturday night, three men in • state of in-
toxication passed through his gate on horseback, from
Worcester market. They took the direction of the flooded
brook, and the hat of one of them wee found yesterday in
the stream. It is feared that many lives have been sacri-
ficed. A waterspout is said to have fallen on the Time at
Knightwick, and a man and child drowned. At Stone
BrAge, on the Leigh Brook, • cottage was swept away, and
its occupant, a poor woman, drowned. A gig was over-
turned at Malvern, but the occupants received little injury.
The horses of the coach between Worcester and Birrniag-
ham ran away, and the coach cams in collision with a wag-
goo, whereby the coachman, Hemming, wee killed, and
several of tbs passengers were injured. The water came
dews the Tease with • "head" similar to the tidal phe-
nomenon on the Severn at the spring and autumn equi-
noxes. The Severn was yesterday covered with deficit of
the flood.

Fara or PAataugarrAZT COUNSIL.—ThO public
in general are aware that an act of parliament was pared
daring the late cession for the removal of Smithfield Cattle
Market, but few persons would imagine th- amount of the
legal ezpeues incurred in obtaining that bill. Among the
Items is the dell contingencies which were voted is Jane
last, there appears the following costs and expenses on
account of the Smithfield market: Removal Bill,
8,8121.75. 9d. Mr. Rune • few days afterwards moved
ft • return of the " particulars" of this charge, and, in
consequence, a copy of the attorney's bill of costs,
Charges, and expanses for soliciting the Smithfield Market
Removal Bill,' has been presented for the edification
of the public. It appears from this document that three
counsel were engaged to conduct the bill through its several
:—Mr. Serjeant Wrangham, Mr. Edwin James,
stags.,r. T. F. Ellis, each of whom in the first instance re-
solved a retaining fee of 61. fie. fld. Neat comes fee to Mr.
Wranghans, with papers, 831. 3s. 6d. ; ditto, Mr.
111111=44e. 125.; ditto, Mr.Efilk, 441. 12s. Next follows
Kr. semt Wrangitens for eight consultations, six
!Waeste ; Kr. James • ditto, Mr. Ellis. Mr.
Wessghsm, eight condenser before committees
llows ef Onsmess. tea piens each ; ditto, ditto, to
Kates. been sled MN.. Wbs the hill got into the Lords
this. leaned sera rewind a fresh retainer, with
a fles utak eat& Theo emu Mr. Serjeant Wrong-
ham. with papers, 881. 14s ; Mr. E. James, 681. 13e. ;
MAW 12s. Then them are 8 more consultations, with
fee of al: guineas to each counsel, and seven attendances
beim. • emweitlee of the House of Lords, for which the
lamest poems an paid a farther fee of 10 guineas each,
molds. ~kit 12711 to be divided among the above
three gewasenes. The attorney's share of the spoil was in
peeputime ; the sileedenese charged are innumerable, and
the &age weiedeseesKes to the rink of the pang eased.
lag. The to KM, endwise of fees Neil Weenwesi,
amewnted te 1,111 ef whish 111. wee disallowed am taw
ties. Amass the wider the bald et hes paid to
cams of parliament. mowers —Hone of Lords, fees,
311. de., mica wee lorwed, sad • ewes wended. Meting
that " emelt is we. peil ew payable." Wishner might
be the assemity ir the reeserel et,week meet
people will think that it might have beesamithaeld sleeted at dm less
11111,111011.

POISONING AT Site.—A young tailor, nosed
Probe, was a few days sines brought to trial before the
Conn of Arises of Toulon, on the charge of having at-
tempted to poison all the crew of the vessel to which he
belengell. At the latter end of last year he took service
ea
load the brig the Aglat-Delphine, at Neater, and pro-
ceeded to Cannes. He had not been long en board before
he preyed himself of • violent and quarrelsome disposi-
tion ; and he treated the cabin boy with groat brutality.
The eaptaia interfered for the protection of the boy, and
the sensed declared that If he (the captain) should
punish him he would kill him. A few days later he
*gala heat the boy, end when the mate took his defence
he *kook his fist in his face and threatened to kill him.
The captain for this laid a complaint before the com-
mis's/7 et police of Cannes, and that functionary caused
him Vibe mg to gaol for eight-and-forty hoop. On his
=,en the Ist December, to the vessel, he was very
end refused to work or eat. He subsequent) y went
ea disown" when he wanted to return, was greatly irri-
tated,* net Wing the boat waiting for him. After be got
en has* he was etserveltassebrice to the galley, and
om ea* eiseelea to into the pot, in which
' the eagleish sop was . little after he went to
dinner odd lbe assn, bat bearing the cook remark that ha
had sled seas of the captain's soup with that prepared
fse Se miss ha destined to partake of any. After dinner
all Ott aeon, eight in number, were seised with
violist is the bowels, and with voinitinp.
Medial mielstauce was procured, and it was at once
lies 61114 they were poisoned. Remedies were applied,
and. afar • while, the poison was thrown off their stomachs
limplehra at ones fell on the prisoner, and on inquiring it
turned oat that two days before he had, on the pretence of
Mks fats, purchased an ounce of arsenic, all of which
had disappeared. Although the lives of the sailors, as also
that of the captain, were saved from the excels of the
quantity of poison administered, which caused copious
vomiting, and thus procured the action of the remedies,
medical men declared to the Court that they will always
feel the effect of the poison. One of the witnesses said that
there was sufficient arsenic in the soup to have killed at
least sixty nier. . The jury declared the accused guilty, but
with extenuating circumstances, and the court condemned
his to imprisonment with hard labour for life.