The Express.
London, England, 1863-04-07 00:00:00

TUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 7, 1863.

THE POLISH INSURRECTION•

pow owe owl!

CRACOW, Ann 2.

Leaving Vienna by the 7 a.m. train yesterday, I
reached Cracow, distant some 260 miles, by 8 p.m.
A clear frosty morning bad succeeded to the blus-
tering weather of the previous days, and the out-
lines of the mountains cut sharp against the blue
sky. A considerable sprinkling of snow gave a
wintry aspect to the whole scene, and as we neared
Cracow it lay some inches deep. After two hours'
travelling, the Sclavonic cast of features and the
semi-oriental costume of the peasants told us that
we had passed from Austria proper into Moravia, a
country almost unknown to the British public, yet
abounding in interesting subjects of study. As
far as Prerau (where the line branches on the left
to Bohemia, on the right to Poland) we followed
the course of the Marche or Morawa (5.3 it is
variously called in German or Moravian), which,
after draining the whole basin of Moravia, flows
into the Danube near Presburg. The rail crosses
the frontier of Austrian Silesia at Oderberg,
where Polish emigrants adopt rather an ingenious
method of cheating the authorities. At Oderberg
the line branches on the left into Prussian Silesia,
and on the right, through that part of Silesia
which belongs to Austria, into Galicia. Now a
passe is required of those Poles who profess to be
going to Cracow, in Galicia ; whereas they are
allowed to pass unmolested into Prussia. So at
Oderberg a Pole declares that he is bound for Prussia,
and travels on the Brealau line as far as Annaberg,
the first station towards Prussia. Here he gets out,
crosses the Oder, and rejoins the Cracow line at
Petrowitr, the next station beyond Oderberg.
Even then he dare not, if unprovided with a passe,
go straight on to Cracow, but gets out at the last
station before Cracow, and thence makes his way
into the town. As I had seen the Styrian moun-
tains sparkling in the morning sun, so after
a weary twelve hours did I see the Lyssa Hora, the
Mont Blanc of the Carpathians, lit up by his rays
at evening. It was quite dark when I entered
Cracow, and but for the kindness of a Polish friend
I might have had to sleep in the street, so
crowded is every hotel and lodging-house. I am
assured that eight people are sleeping in one little
room in this very house. The streets were almost
entirely deserted, and only well-to-do looking men
in the insurgent dress were to be met with. In the
night they assemble outside the walls, and
getting across the frontier under cover of the dark-
ness swell the already very numerous bands, who
are daily expecting an encounter with the enemy.
This morning the scene is very different. Being
market day, the town is filled with peasants, and
presents anything but a deserted appearance. But
I must reserve any further account of Cracow for
a future letter. I must now impart to you a full
account of the events which resulted in landing
Langiewicz in the castle here. They are derived
from a chief actor in all the proceedings.
About five days after breaking up the camp at
Goscra, Langiewicz, with his army, consisting of
about 3,000 men, lay at Choberz on the right bank
of the Nida, a village about twenty miles distant
from the point where that river flows into the Vis-
tula.

About noon of the 17th Langiewicz's ad-
vanced posts reported that the Russians were ad-
vancing from Pinczow, higher up the Nida. Sup-
posing these troops to be the whole division of
General Czengery, which he knew to be lyiog at
Pinczow, Langiewicz gave orders to the main body
of his troops to cross the bridge at Choberz, and
gain the left bank of the river, at the same time
directing Colonel Bentkowski to hold the village in
their rear until the passage should be successfully
effected. Beutkowski accordingly, with Roche-
brunne and his Zonaves de la Mort and a small
force of riflemen, took up a strong position in a
churchyard, and held the Russians in check.
When all had now safely passed over, Bentkowski
gave orders to the sappers, who had been left with
him for the purpose, to destroy the bridge, and this
was successfully effected. Meantime Langiewicz
with the main body of his troops was in full march
for Zagosc, a little village to the south-east of
Choberz, and was already two miles distant. No
sooner had Bentkowski commenced his march to
join Langiewicz than he perceived strong bodies of
Russians advancing down the left bank of the Nide.
He then discovered that the force on the right bank
of the river was only a small body sent with the
very object of frightening the insurgents across the
river into the trap which General Czengery had
1 lid for them, for he was now coming down on them
with his whole division. Rocbebrunne had re-
mained by the bridge to the last, and ran a good
chance of being cut off from the rest of
the army. He at once endeavoured to
effect a junction with Bentkowski, who,
in his turn, sent au adjutant to Langiewicz
to beg him to bring up his troops as soon as possi-
ble. Meantime the Russians opened a galling fire
from four pieces of artillery posted in the centre of
the line. Langiewicz bad only two cannons, of the
smallest calibre, and no use whatever. One burst
at the first discharge. The Russian fire caused
considerable unsteadiness among the half-deployed
troops, especially the scythemen, who resemble the
Cossacks in ferocity and insubordination. Roche-
brunne, however, bravely held his own ; and Lan-
giewicz having at last successfully disposed his
Itroops, the insurgents got decidedly the best of the
day, when night put an end to the combat. Lan-
Igiewicz then continued his march to Wielce, where
ihe passed the night of the 17th and 18th. the
condition of the insurgents hail now become despe-
rate, notwithstanding the advantages they had
gained, for during the confusion of the preceding
day the sixteen or seventeen commissariat carriages
with provisions and forage had gone astray, and
men and horses alike were without food. Next
day there was nothing for it but to fight for
their lives, as the villages were already occupied by
Cossacks. Accordingly, breaking up the encamp-
ment at Wielce on the morning of the 18th, Langie-
wicz made for tbo woods of Grochowiska, which lie
in a north-easterly direction, not daring to turn
southwards, because he could not trust his troupe
so near the security of the Galician frontier. At
laoout noon he entrenched himself in the woods,
and shortly after the engagement began, the
Russians advancing from Galow, where Caen-
, gery's division had passed the night. A
desperate fire was opened on the insurgents,
which caused the utmost disorder among the scythe-
men, of whom nearly half the forces under Langie-
trice consisted. Rochebrunne, however, seems
again to have saved the day, and the Russians were
driven back, notwithstanding that they were rein-
forced by two companies of infantry and a squadron
of cavalry, who on their way from Stopnita to
Pinczow heard the firing in the direction of Oro-
chowiska while they were halting for their midday
meal at Busk, and at once made for the scene of
action. These last seemed to have arrived to little
purpose, and according to the reports of the pea-
sante, whose horses they pressed into the service,
drove as fast as they could from the field of battle
to Pincaow, their original destination. In a must

I=ll4
1111'

YR. DISRAELI ON THE ROYAL MARRJAOIL

A county meeting of the gentry and inhabitants
_ . . _ _

0/Mockinghimshire, cMvessedbyihe High Sheriff, Mr. P.O.
Lovett, wu held yesterday in the County-hall, Aylesbury.
The High Sheriff presided, and was supported by the Loot
Lieutenant (Lord Caringtoo), Hon. William Cavendith,
M.P., Sir Harry Verney, ILP., Mr. Bernard, M.P., Rev.
Sir H. Fontes, Sir T. F. Fremantle, and a large number of
the magistrates of the county.
The HIGH damn, having briefly staled the object of the
I meeting, which was to adopt addresses of congratulation to
the Queen and the Priooe of Wales on the occasion of the
marriage of his royal highness,
Lord CABIJIGTOI (the Lord• Lieutenant) moved the actors.
tion of address to her Majesty and the Prince, expressive
of loyalty to the royal family, and congratulations on the
auspicious event.
Mr. Duman!, 111. P., in seconding the proposition,
have great pleasure, however unexpectedly, in seconding the
motion made by the Lord-Lieuteoant. The relations
between the royal family of this country and the people are
not relations of form—they are relations of feeling ; anti
that feeling, which is deep and universal, has been ma-
sloped by a conviction—now prevalent for many years in
this country—that to the temperate wisdom with which the
high functions of the throne have been administered in
England we owe much of the happioom and mach of the
prosperity we enjoy. Under any circumstances, any public
incident tending to the happiness of her Majesty would be,
I am sure, interesting to her subjects. But that
event which has called us together to-day is one which,
while it must engage her feelings mare than almost any-
thim we can imagine, that could now occur, is shoat
soly interesting to the whole of this nation. The mar.
nese ci the heir to the throne is an event which must mor-
els* a great influence on the fortunes of this country, sad
it is • matter for congratulation that we know enough of
the Prince of Wake to inspire confidence in his character
and wooded. That confidence is based on two Mecum--
stances—', at, }is natural dispositionoind secondly, his edu-
cation. What we know of his natural disposition, as truly
and eloquently described by the Lord-Lieutenant, gives on
every confidence that he will not disappoint the just expire.
tatious of th,t country. He has given evidence ci an
amiable and capes( character, whim at the acme time his
e location has bees worthy of his position. It wag
devised and planned by one of the Motet and
best men that ever flourished in England. Although
his experience has not been alight. He has seen much
many countries, of various damn of society, and by his
natural intelligence he has sequined valuable experienes.
Under these circumstances, thus born and thus bred, don.
tined to the highest responnbilitisa, be has early in life de-
cided on the event which is the mast important to the life
of every man. Generally spesiong, whim young primes the
heirs to great monarchies are 'married, their montages are
advised and planned by others, and often are influenced by
feelings which certainly do not spring from the affections.
But in this case it is • subject for great eon-
gratriation that the marriage of his royal nighuss is
one to which he has been prompted entirely by his own
feelings, and we here every expectation that it m a choice
which will secure his happiness. He has had early in life
the wisdom to decide on possessing a happy home, and •
happy home for • Prime is the best security for the happi.
nese of his subjects. I hove, therefore, great pleasure in
supporting the address which has been moved by the Lord.
Lieutenant, which, I think, properly expresses the
tional loyalty of this anciset county. (Cheers.)
A vote of thanks to the High Sheriff, moved by Lord
Caanrcrox and seconded by Sir H. VULIIIT, closed the
proceedings.

THE DISTRESS IN LANCASHIRE.

THE CENTB.AL BELIEF FUND.

The weekly meeting of the central executive com-
mittee was Mild at the Town•hail, Ithatheeter, yesterday;
Sir J. P. KAY-SHOTTLIWOHIH, Bart., melded.

The Hon. Bgcurrasr reported that during the pad
week 22 packages of clothing, 13 boxes of provkions, and
two hampers of wine had been rent off, and the total re.
=of money daring the week were 9,1781. lie. 7d.
at the bankers', on general amount, 410,1861.
18a. 811.; on employment account, 10,5721. 2e. Bd.; total,
490,739/. Is. 2d.
The following is Mr.

FAIMALI:B report :

" Manchester, 6th April, 1863.—My Lords and gentle.
men, 1 beg to inform you that on the 28th ultimo, there
wee a decrease in the limber of paupers receiving pare-
chialrelief in 27 unions in the cotton manufacturing die.
bide, ma compered with the number so relieved in the pre-
vious week, of 2,298. This decrease of 2.286 is explained
as follows : There is • decrease at Blackberra of 429 ; at
Bolton, of 401 ; at Burnley, of 272 ; at Bury., of 389;
at Chorlton, of 107 ; at Geretang, at 7 ; at G 1
at
of 10 ; at Lancaster, of 2 ; at Leigh, of 34 ; at
Mooch:46okt, of 69 ; at Manchester, of 303; at Old-
ham, of 53 ; at Prestos, of 177 ; at Preetwidt, of 7 ; at;
Ibxhdele, of 120 ; at Seddleworth, of 103 ; et Bedford, at
127; and at Stockport, of 126 ; making • total decrease of
2.796. But there is ea increase et Ashton-under-Lys of
258 ; at Charley, of 133 ; at the Fylde, of 57 ; at
dee, of 16 ; at Warrington, of 32; and at Wigan,
of -
making a total increase of 498, so that there is a net
crease of 2,298. Since I compiled the table which I pre-
sent to you with this report, I have persoually conferred
with the assistant clerk of the Blackburn Union, and he
has authorised me to state that the return of pauperism in
that union for the week ended the 28th ult. wee incor-
rectly made to me through the relieving officers,
and that, instead of there being 13.364 per-
sons in the receipt of relief, there are only 11,129;
there is, therefore, • decrease of 429 am compared
with the week ended the 21st ult, and not se increase of
1,806, as shown by the table to which I have referred. I
have to regret that the error to which I have alluded was
explained to me only yesterday, and consequently that I
have had no time to compile a fresh table. The amount
of money in the heads of the treasurers of the above unions,
as the 28th ult., wee 76.7091. 10s. ld. I have to inform
Ton
re mtlat on Wednesday last I attended a meeting of the
relief committee, when it was unanimously resolved
that able-bodied persons in receipt of relief should ho forth-
with set to work ; and that such work should coexist
of manual and mental labour combined ; and I have the
satisfaction of further reporting to you that the committee
plasm the means of thus employing the people."
The following grants from the clothing sad employment
fund were reported :--Stockport, 5661 15e.; Eccles, 351.55.;
Manchester, 301. ; Basel Grove, 471 ; Denton and Baugh-
too, 9/ _ .

—ire tie course of a conversation following Mr. Parnell's
"Vt. Bose stated that a grant for public places of nem.
tine of 10,0004 bad been voted by parliament on the motion
of the late Joseph Home, and that. on application, the sum
of 3,0C31. was given by the late Sir Robert reel towards
the formation of the public parka of Marsebester, and be
believed that a portion of that patliamentary grant was still
in the Exchequer unappropriated.
The following grants were made (the figures in wreaths*
signifying the number of weeks) :—Crauend Valley (6),
501. ; Gorton (5), 1801. ; Dean (4), 204 ; Maple (3), 1004 ;
Hand Grove (4), 1501. ; Hurst Green (6). 254 ; dodoes/saw
(3), 1004 ; Mellor sad Rimagresve (3). 1701.; Belmont (4),
504 ; Haslingden emit Musbery 161, 2001. ; Oohs* (6), 1501. ;
Sr. Paul's, Helliwell (4), 304 ; Wigan (4), 2,0001. ; Tongs
(4), 1201. ; Newton Heath (3), 1504 ; Stacksteed (41, 2004
Stockport (4), 2,5004 ; Gin Oh 151. ; Gewgaw Booth (4),
1001.; Little Hayfield (5), 804 ; Opeesbew (5), 504 ,• Har-
wich (4), 40/. ; Newcburch (4), 1501; Mellor (5), 25/. ;
Jobe's, Chadderton (3), zoi. ; EdenEeld (4), 1.50. ; Thorn.
ham (3), 101. ; Heywood (4), 80W. ; Bradbury and Homily
(4), leol. ; Rishten t 6), 20/. ; Hunoost (6),10.; Bolton (4),
1,2001; Itamsbottom (4), 2501. ; Ikamtnoodeu (6), 404 ;
Tottingtou (4). 150/. ; Longtou (6), 254 ; Bollington and
Ramon (5), 31:3/.; Greenfield and Friesland (3), 501. ; Maly.
bridge (3), 2,0001. ; Berrowford (6), 1751.

Sr. Patfen CATHEDRAL—The following is the
list of preachers for the special service■ at the eathsdral
for the three remaining Sundays in April :—Aprill2. the
Rev. Hngh Stowell, Canon of Manchester; 19ththe Row.
H. P. Lyddon, Student of Christ Church, Oxford ; Mb,
the Very Rev. the Dean of Ely. This terminates this

THL ARCHBISHOP OF CANTLIIRTYRY AR A CHURCH
PATRON.—Though not within his grace's diocese* Arch-
bishop of Canterburyhas in his gift the value vicarage
of Ringmer, wails between 400/. said SOW. a year. For
many, many yeah, the Rev. symons has been the hard
working curate, receiving the remuneration nand in such
cams, and having a very large firmly to bring up. India
fatigable in bis duties, liberal beyond the extent of hie
means, known, indeed, to have given away almost or quite
his last sixpence to those still more in want than himself,
he was beloved by all hie parishioners. On the death of the
aged rector, the other day, the Archbishop of Canterbury,
disregarding all claims upon him, conferred the vicarage on
Mr. Symons, who by hie long and laborious west la the
pariah, had so eminently deserved it. We need scarcely my
that not only in Riogmer, but in Lewes and the entire
Neighbourhood, the appointment has given the utmost math.
factiee.-Basem Express.
REPIAL OF VIII HOP DICTT.—TESTIVONIAL TO
In. BACON.—TiIt Earl of Aehburnham has thought fit to
mark his individual appreciation of the efforts of Mr. Noon
in behalf of the repeal of the hop duty by the presentation
of a mast handrome sod costly testimonial. The gift of his
lordship is is the shape of a service of twelve massive silver-
gilt goblets. richly embossed with an elaborate design re-
presenting clusters of hope and hop leaves. This pro.sent
elegant io taste, and expressive io form and design--sub-
stantially valuable in itself—was accompanied by • letter
from the noble earl iofinitely enhancing its mere intrinsic
worth, affirming that it was "mainly owing to the untiring
efforts of Ur. Bawls that this most obnoxious of imposte
bad peeled to said"—Esser lelnertiser. .

-Sours Krxetworow Muszuw.—During the week
ending April 4, the visitors have been at follows :—On
Meeday, Tuesday, sad &Corday (free days), ens' from
10 a.m. tall 10 p.m., 8,287 ; on Wednesday, Thursday,
and Friday students' days (admission to the public 6d.),
epee from 10 a.m. to 5m.. 64Lt; tow, 9,2309,230fr0m the
opening of the 1ie5ieum,3,p.748,2143.