The Press.
London, England, 1854-09-23 00:00:00

THE PRESS.

especially during the reading of an elaborate
pamphlet on " The Cause and Consequences of the
Preston Strike, by Mr. Henry Ashworth, of Manches-
ter." By statistical tables, Mr. Ashworth showed
that cardloom spinners advanced from 1847 to 1853
22 per cent.; weavers, 114 ; self-acting winders, 10;
and wool-spinners, 6 per cent., being an aggregate of
14 per cent. advance. He then proceeded to show
the fallacy of a standard rate of prices throughout
the entire country, as the necessities of the mills, the
internal resources of each mill, its distance from

railway and canal, all tended to render it impossible
to equalise the individual value of each. He stated
that the annual quantity of cotton manufactures
exported from England to China, made by Preston
operatives, would purchase one fourth of the tea im-
ported into this country. Another paper was read
by E. J. Farrer, Esq. (in the absence of the author,
Charles Jellico, Esq.), containing suggestions for
improving the mode at present adopted for keeping
and stating the national accounts, showing that the
latter might be easily prepared in the same form as
merchants' accounts, and that if so presented to Par
liament would, in a few years, supply materials from
which the whole financial operations and money
votes of the Chancellor of the Exchequer could be
impugned or justified on intelligible grounds, and
not, as at present, on hypothetical assumptions and
counter assumptions.
Loan DUNDONALD, of whom report has lately said
that the command of the Baltic fleet had been
offered to him, and refused, has addressed the fol-
lowing letter to the Times :

" Sir,—Until yesterday, when I observed the serious
manner in which a conversation said to have taken place
between the Chief Minister of her Majesty's Administration
and myself is now treated, I did not consider it incumbent
on me to volunteer a formal public disclosure," in order
not to allow such a statement to go abroad uncontradicted,'
and therefore I now rectify the omission, and declare that
I have never been honoured by any conversation or com-
munication with or from Lord Aberdeen relative to the
command in the Baltic, or in regard to operations to be
conducted in that or any other quarter.
" Permit me to add a line in justice to Admiral Napier,
against whom ' the indignant dissatisfaction of the nation'
is said to be roused—namely, that success could not have
attended the operations of combustible ships against stone
batteries firing red-hot shot, however coolly unresisting
walls may be leisurely demolished.
" There is butone means whereby to place the opponents
on an equal footing, and that I have confidentially laid
before the Government, with the hope that a protracted
defensive war should not linger on, to the disorganisation of
Europe and the ruin of our country.—l am, sir,
London, Sept. 21. DUNDONALD.
THE CHEVALIER BUNSEN, ex-Prussian Minister at
our Court, is staying in retirement at Heidelberg, on
the Rhine. The Chevalier's son, the Rev. Ernest
Bunsen, has left town on a visit to J. B. Harford, Esq.,
at Falcondale, Wales.
DEATH OF SIR GEORGE ARTHUIL—We regret to
announce the death, on the 19th instant, of Lieu-
tenant-General the Right Hon. Sir George Arthur,
Bart, K.C.H., D.C.L, at his residence in Gloucester-
square, Hyde-park, after a long and painful illness.
Sir George Arthur entered the army in 1804, and
served in Sir James Craig's expedition to Italy in
1806 ; proceeded thence in the following year to
Egypt, and, being appointed Adjutant of the Light
Battalion, was engaged in the attack on Rosetta, and
wounded in the right arm severely. He served in
Sicily under Sir James Kempt. In 1809 he com-
manded the light company of his regiment with the
Walcheren expedition ; VMS employed in the attack
on Flushing, and, being then on outpost duty, was
ordered to check the advance of the French force,
which he effected. Many of his company suffered,
and he was again wounded. For his gallantry he
was thanked in general orders, and appointed Deputy
Assistant Adjutant-General. He subsequently served
as Military Secretary to General Sir George Done,
when Governor of Jersey. He afterwards joined his
regiment in the West Indies, and was selected by
the Duke of Manchester, then Governor of Jamaica,
as Lieutenant-Governor of Honduras, which govern-
ment he administered for eight years. Being ap-
pointed Lieutenant Governor of Van Diemen's Land
in 1823, he remained in that colony twelve years.
On his return to England he was created a Knight
Commander of the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic
Order, and was selected by her Majesty's Govern-
ment in 1837 to proceed to Upper Canada as Lieu-
tenant-Governor, where he remained until the union
of the Canadas in 1841. For his services, both
military and civil, he was created a baronet on his
return to England, and was a few months afterwards
appointed Governor of the Presidency of Bombay.
111-health obliged him to resign this appointment in
1840; but, previously, to mark their sense of his
capacity and zeal during the very arduous time in
which he was at Bombay, the Court of Directors ap-
pointed, and her Majesty's Government sanctioned,
his being nominated to succeed Lord Hardinge, as
Governor-General of India, in the event of that
nobleman's death or resignation. His return to
England prevented him from deriving any advantage
from this high honour.

.v; • --.

SATURDAY,

THE EMIGRATION SEASON TO AMERICA. iS now
drawing to a close, and from the Government immi-
gration returns at Quebec it appears that 4:1,148
passengers had arrived in Canada this year, against
28,884 at the same time last year, being an increase
of 14,264 souls. The emigrants from the northern
ports of Europe this year—Norway, Sweden, and
Germany—amounted to 10,206. The emigration to
Australia last year only amounted to 61,401, against
107,881 in 1852.
DWELLINGS OF THE AGRICULTURAL CLASSES.—The
Rev. Harry Stuart, of Oathlaw, whose late pamphlet
on the position of the agricultural labourers of Scot-
land attracted so much attention, has been for some
weeks on a visit to Dunrobin Castle. Mr. Stuart
went north at the special request of the Duke of
Sutherland, in order to suggest to his grace what
could be done to improve the condition of his people.
The duke placed in Mr. Stuart's hands a blank•paper
book and a pencil, with a request that he would write
down on the spot his freeest censure of everything
which he found objectionable in his inspection of the
farm dwellings on the Sutherland estates. His grace
accompanied Mr. Stuart in this tour of inquiry, and
with him made a thorough examination of houses,
cottages, and bothies, prying into closets, mounting
into garrets, and leaving no hole or corner unvisited.
It is the impression of Mr. Stuart, who was much
struck with the duke's minute knowledge of all the
circumstances of his tenantry and dependants, that
the agricultural classes in Sutherland are, upon the
whole, well lodged—much better certainly, and at far
cheaper rents, than the majority of the same classes
in Mr. Stuart's own county of Forfar.—Edinburgh
Courant.

CHARACTER OF EDUCATION IN RUSSIA.-By an
ukase of Sept. 1, 1840, a tax was laid en all pass-
ports for Russians travelling to foreign countries ;
and by another of the following year all Russian
subjects married to foreigners are obliged to return
home—the nobles within five, and the burghers
within three, years. This certainly is not a move-
ment in advance, for in the days of Catherine a
Russian noble required neither passport nor per-
mission for such a purpose. Now he cannot leave
the country without both ; and he must, unless he
has great influence, give a special reason for his
intentions. If the benefit of his health, or that of
any member of his family, is assigned, the answer
is, " We have the climate of Italy in the Crimea!"
if the education of his children, "We have the uni-
versities of Moscow, Kbarkoff, and Kief !" where
they will learn just as much as the State chooses
they shall know, or nothing at all. The Emperor
can see plainly enough that liberal education is the
forerunner of the downfall of absolute power, but
instead of cherishing enlarged views, and meeting
the advance of such principles by just and gradual
concessions, and the modification of that power, he
endeavours to stifle every feeling of the kind, and
shrinks from grappling with its progress. There
are three universities, Moscow, Kharkoff, and Kief,
but the character of the education given is not cal-
culated to enlarge the mind of the student. When
at Kharkoff, I observed that the works on history
were those most read; but these were so selected
as to avoid all danger of expanding the ideas too
freely. The history of England and other countries
are compressed into meagre abbreviations, in which
all those points that exhibit or might excite liberality
of feeling are carefully qualified or omitted.—Jesse's
Russia and the War.