The Express.
London, England, 1855-05-28 00:00:00

(at suansania LSD UlTu= TIL1110W1.)
onion =a cmanaamonsa 01 Tam ram saws.)
MIME, afIRDAT, MAT
The steaser Bombay arrived here this day, at S
o'clock p.m., in 122 hones from Alexandria.
ALEXANDRIA, M* 22.
The

India and Chimes mails leave Alexandria this
iday, with advioes from Calcutta to April 22 ; Bom-
!hey, May 1 ; Shanghai, April 9 ; Canton, 14 ; Hong
'Kong, 16.
Another revolution has occurred at Ava.
Trade in India was moderate. Import market de-
pressed. Exchange at Calcutta, 21t.
Canton and Shanghai were quiet, bat trade was
dull. Teas were high.
The ship Countess of &afield, with tea and silks
for London, has been wrecked on the Pratu shoals.
Iselisage at Canton, 4s. 91d.; Shanghai, 6i. 21d.

(BY /1111•1Uf1 AND DIM= TILIOILLTZ.)
(YlOll TUN 00111/PONDINT 01 TNI DAILY NNWI.)
MARSEILLIIII, MONDAY.
The Valetta arrived at nine o'clock this morning
with the India mail.

THE SECESSION 0 ? THE

Tin sudden rupture of the alliance hitherto sub-
sisting between Ministers and their ex-colleagues
below the gangway is a circumstance which has,
taken many simple-minded people by surprise. We ,
cannot say that we share in that astonishment; still'
less can we affect to view the matter with any senti-
ment of regret. We always regarded the coalition
of the Whip and Aberdeenites as one founded in the
main on nothing better than a community of selfish
purposes, worked out by a matuality of shabby con-
cessions. We beheld in the piebald administration
of 1853 a successful combination of two sots of oil-
garchs, having little in common, to divide between
them the power, dignity, and profit of upon a
rule; and we anticipated that the prim we Amid
have to pay for the honour of being governed by
such a combination of official monopolists would be
the emasculation of national policy, and the indefinite
postponement of legislative progress. Our anticipa-
tions were but too literally fulfilled. Of the florid
pledges of reform given at the baptism of the coali-
tion, not one was destined to be redeemed. Although
we were assured that the mere names united of
ABERDIERN and PALMERSTON would secure the pesos
of Bump, we speedily found that precisely the
opposite effects ensued; while, notwithstanding the
vaunt of matchless administrative ability, we have
been doomed to witness a tissue of blun-
dering and inefficiency such as the present
generation had
years' trial the combination broke down, and ao
effort was made at re-construction with some minor
changes and repairs. The Carlton ingredients were
somewhat diminished, and those taken from Brookes's
were slightly increased ; but the principle of a coali-
tion was steadily adhered to. Lord PALMIRSTON de-
clared in his platys in Parliament that no Government
could be formed by him on any other principle; and,
accordingly, when Mr. GLADSTONE, Sir Jams °L-
GAM, and Mr. SIDNEY HERBERT quitted the Ca-
binet, Lord CANNING and Lord HARROWBT were
brought in. A push was made to retain both Lord
ABERDEEN and the Duke of ARGYLL; but, after a
week's struggle, the latter alone contrived to keep his
seat by the weight of his Whig connexions. We
have it on the direct authority of his Grace that it was
expressly agreed that no substantial alteration should
take place in the policy of the Government, and that it
was in order to carry out that understanding he had
been counselled by the late Premier to retain the I
Privy Seal. The secession of the three right
bououtable gentlemen already referred to would nob,
it was expected, be more than temporary. As soon
es the Sebastopol Committee could be induced to'
stultify itself by making no report, these three im-
portant personages might, without compromising
their dignity, re-enter the Cabinet; and by that
tine it was hoped the country would have become
Alipied with the expose and humiliation of a war
in waged in earnest, and that peace would have
been restored.
Penang the realisation of these highminded hopes
and pip= anticipations, Loed PALIIRBSTON has
tied the advantage of all the support, and of all the
Intmessaine, which his ex-colleagues (bat still inti-
mate allies) below the gangway could afford him.
By their aid four meths of the session have
been as completely wasted as though they were
all still sitting together on the Treasury bench.
By their joint acts, the jury which was to
try them foe incompetency and neglect in the
spaded of the expedition .to the Crimea has
been so constituted as to deprive its ultimate decision
of all its terrors; and as regards the great question
of peace or war, it is interim's that se late as
ffiesday.last the @seeding eoalitionists bad limn kept
se well in hand by the PRINZ MINISTER, that at the
intimation of a wish from him, they were ready
halo even the amp luxury of a bath in the
of sentimental absurdity which Mr. MILNZIL
te had been at the pains to prepare for them.
And yet within a week the entente cordial* has been
laly severed ; insinuations the most damaging and
is the most provoking have been interchanged ;
the last sounds heard in the Patine of Wesunin-
on Friday night, as the Commons dispersed for
es holidays, were mattered reproaches and half
skilled threats of vowelise to come.
Stich an the natural consequences of oommittiog
political adultery., For the mks of faithless smiles
shad insidious blandishments the heads of the Whig
party live foe two years and a half been leading
@ disreputable inures of public life, 'fbrsaking alt
which they were most bound to cherish, and destroy-
ilg in those most inclined to regird them with re,
stoat and confidence sentiments alike essestial to
their collective and individual influences. And what
is now the position is which they find themselves ?
Covered with a jut share of the obloquy and odium
which they earned in concert with their late compa-
nions, and at the eleventh boor driven to repudiate
their illicit sympathy se their only chance 0 avoiding
general and final condemnation. Up to the last, pro-
misesand pretences of negotiating a peace at Vienne
were aseldswiolly held out to the Aberdeeattee in
to-M: -estatov, on a division, their votes
1;
law ar.ntteant ; but even ,in the hour
0 tide died./ halogen' sum's, Lord PALMERSTON
deemed it hodispensable to his own gaiety to treat
wi, •
th ens. morn and oontotelely the party with which
he his 1, ad so ostentatious a Win*. Certain of a
Ilosiote.ty by tlitir, aid on the recent trial of party
fitter .ith, the Palmas could not resist the tempts-
tier sof telling the Aberdvenites, whom be was about',
tG pit off, that if there were a general election to-
sseneWellet pe• of them wild mug, theit. esatn-Tavain

disturb his plans. Fifty .
eerdled on Friday night against the tricky and shallow
magician of Mr. Mae= Had these bees oast Into
the opposite scale the ministerial majority would have
to exist, and either the Cabinet or the Perlis-
'meat wenbi by this time have coma to an east. It was
clearly the interest of them fifty gentleales
to show the Derbyitss that alone they
mall
not win; but that suggestive lesson laving
been thus impressively taught, what inducement will
there exist for a repetition of the same irksome line of
procedure on a future omission P No sooner was the
result proclaimed than Sir Jana GRAHAM nog, sad,
in a tone and with an emphasis not to be mistakes,
formally renounced all continued partioipatioa la
the foreign policy of the Government. They had
entered, se be professed to believe, on a new straggle,
for new aims, and with new counsels ; and contseat►
log pointedly the polioy enunciated by the Diebyite
leaders with that which he affected to understand as
proclaimed by Lord Jo= Itosistx, he desisted
his decided pretenses for the former, as tending mere
speedily to pesos. Here, then, at length a line •of
separation is distinctly drawn; here a great gulf of
party hope and hate is fixed.—Daily News.

VW Court.

OSBORNE, MAT 27.

The Queen and Priem, sooompeoietby Prince
Alfred, the Priam' Hoboslolls, Princess Adelaide, sad
Prisms Nada*, watt to Parkhant Bantam yesterday
afternoon, where Ler iaspected the Depot Bat.
adios soder the oosistead of Lieatesent•Colosel Jeffreys.

The Clasen returned w Osborne about 6 o'claek.
The Prince of Wales rods on horseback, attended by Kr
Gibbs.
Her Majesty sad Prises Albert, the Prises of Wales,
Prime Alfred mad the Prisons Royal, the Dashes of Rest,
the Proem Robenlohe, Priapus Adelaide sad Prisons
Peodoreattnatiad divine genic* this morales in the parish
'harsh at Whippinghest. The R. Gump Protium
olloistod.

A Cabinet Coined was held at the Foreign-o Moe,
Downing-street, on Saturday. The Ministers present
were: Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor,
Earl Granville, the Marquis of Lansdowne, the
Duke of Argyll, Sir George Grey, the Earl of
Clarendon, Lord John Russell, Lord Paumure, the
Chancellor of the Exchequer, Sir Charles Wood,
the Right Hon. R. Vernon Smith, Sir William
Molesworth, Visecent Canning, and the Earl ot
Harrowby. The Council sat three hours and a half.

A deputation from the London University, ooneisting of
Lord Overmans, the Earl of Burlington, Mr. J. Shaw Le-
fu re, Mr. B. Warburton, and Mr. Rothman, had an Later-
vies with the Chasmllor of the 2:chequer, on Saturday, at
Medfield resideam in Downing-street.
Despatches were brought by an °Meer from Corfu to Lord
John Resell, at the Colonial-office, on Saturday.

Tat QUllleg BIRTHDAY =MAT= IN PARIS.
—A grand dinner of fifty covers was given on Friday at the
British Embassy, Paris, in honour of the Queen of Beg-
land's birthday. The state rooms, which have been of late
redecorated and splendidly fitted up, were thrown open on
the occasion. The following are the names of the guests
who were present :—Marshal Magnin, the Ministers
of Justice, Marine, Public Instruction, Finance, In-
terior, War, and Foreign Affairs; M. Truelcusg, Presi-
dent of the Senate; M. Bunke, President of the Council
of State; H. Billault, President of the Legislative Body;
the Prefect of the Seine ; the Prefect of Polies ; General
d'Hautpoul, Grand Referendary of the Senate; Coast de.
Persigny, the Governor of the Invalides, the Dee de Bu•
sans, Count de Flahault, General Count de Baoldinger,
Colonels Ney and Fleury, Baron J. di Rothschild, Marquis
of Drogheda, Earl of Sandwich, Lord Holland, Lord
Wharneliffs, Sir H. Bel's:, Hon. G. Barrington, Hon. H.
Howard, Hos. W. Stuart, Hon. Spencer Cowper, L. Peel,
General Fox, Captain Langford, R.N., Sir J. 011iffe,
Mr. Cole, Captain Fowke, Rev. Dr. Hale; Mr. Pickford,
British Consul ; Meson. Albs, Drummond, Wrench, Earle,
I Lytton, Petra, and Fletcher Norton.

The Earl of Clarendon, Lord Panmure, Lord Pal-
merston, Sir Charles Wood, and, indeed, nearly all the
loading ministers, intend to remain in London for the boll.
days. The Duke of Argyll was to leave town yesterday
dm a few days, sad Lord John Russell else purposes • brief
*oars at Richmond.
The Countess of Clarendon had an assembly on
Saturday night at the family mansion is Grosvenovereeroot.
It was Tory fully &Waded by the foreign diplomatic body
nod a brilliant oink of the aristocracy still remising is
tows.
The Countess Bernatoeff had an afternoon juvenile
party on Botarday at Prussia Howe, Carlton Hosse-terramo
sswhisk • largo circle congregated. Toeir Royal Bier
amiss** Dosboos of Cambridge toad the Prisms. Mary.
and the Hereditary Grand Dashes. of lisclioniberg Stow.
dto hosearod the Prussian minister and mums. by thek
TAM Earl de (key, President of the Royal Institute
of British Arolsitocts, roosived the maned and ollioe bearers
at dinner on Friday last. A summons ameenbly of men-
of the imdasto, and of ocher scientific societies. with
id,
is: his Isedthip's private circle, took piste at the
IMMIIVINAMMI on the same sassing.
reins Is illetiwebeh has jest gives a greed fete
at Vienna, to celebrate the Bird anaiversary of his birth-
day.

THE DIVISION ON FRIDAY NIGHT.

The tellogrhes were the pain :
SOS TIM _mu
We Mq
ler J. WWI
lb. M. Orb
Lela WW,
?sellN
Mr. Welt
mr. Diva

aium.
Yr. Hata
Mr. Mar
• Crikalaisetreley
Mr. =Mr
Mr.
Osesis• ii=dri
Alma Paw=
isrliorr

&fat Mr. liar_
• 10.11111101 imr. vans=
Mr. Mambas* Mr. raver
Mr. 0. A. amMas Mr. Brimlak
Laird Boma Mr. M. Wiliam
ila .I.OIIMO Mk T. O'Bries
Mr. Lim r. Jolla Mown
Mr. Maw Mr. Lambs
Mr. MerfamMlNT Mr.
M. bolsi Mr i.:lol‘alaila
Mr. O. imam Mr. Farm
. , Owed Cele Mr. M. Dome
Lard NAM ONO Lard Datum

TEE WEITIIIIIITIDZ HOLIDATIL—Ac' usual at this
holiday make( sestea of the' Isar, eatersion trains, at a
low fare, are sive:tied by the various railway etwapsoieit
preeestiag ample futilities to than who sick to wile away
the sons of booboos by a few days visit to tho provisoes.
TM Brighton Railway Company a Iwo special mar-
sion males for today ruci to-morrow, at a very moderato
L chimp. The Groot Weans Company give ppyportasities
fora cheap trip to Warwick, Dimpingbas, Wolverhampton,
Shrewsbury, Ito. Day Volute will also be isnot by the
1 Lomita and North Western to th. principal lowa, on their
Use of route. Mr. alarm, dm 'Mho caterer to, lb. trait-
, Election of the peripatetic public' comes forward, as ha fortaer
with his I mania& trains to Liverpool, Mao.
kw,
r, Chester, 4t0.; sad the Lynam end Blackwoll Choi-
howl wadditiosal trains at
smiths:ad chargwees for Tin ar
obssrva t
goathsa
Ames; bows
Zoological Gardens is Regent's Park. will ho .opes es
f tbo ~.at prise &misty the wish.
OrrgaAL APPOINTYINTIL—The Lord ensacellor
=Mod the Rev. W.
aliproam Thiu, t. ttp., Twinge
Rod Chamolior has apyltsd lir. Loft►,00em
i1q,74:11 pens:
to the yummy In the Itiffietnee °Soo of lb. Nan of
. Ossawder W. Irlittalspe iit appoinma super-
tof ths swim at De •.r, Dr. gime=
is to be insPestor of hospitals, ma .p•
I
to agar RappitaL Dr. Peter Leolaara ispresatted
hp imposem of forqUelso had sprinted so Moo*
—Oissrver. .0 ' -. , It'. ;2 . * 61 !.'" , J.',l*.: ''

1444iinir
industriously b..
price *tit= inn.
PARIS, MAY 23.
Meselear.--All the jouraeleef Europe have re-produeed,
from theAnnist de fit. Poterabotstp, the eirealar which
Coast Nesestred• addressed, on the 10th of Kay, to the
Russian sputa at *amigo *owes. The government of the
&spate, waited for the official termination of the confe.l
mese beton it would pronoaen t judgment on their gene-
ral character; but eines the cabinet of Bt. Petersburg has
thought good to appeal, without delay, to public opinion,
no one will be astonished that we, in our turn, follow it on
the midi which it has first trodden. I ee•er upon it, for lay
part, with all the enflame which the moderation and
loyalty of our policy an inspire me.
I will, is the first place, noel the circumstances which
determined Flange tad Raglead to commit to take part in
negotiations at a moment when the singed° prosecution
of the war ought apparently to have been the
principal objeet of their thoughts sad cares. The
treaty of the led of Derember bad been eoneloded, sad the
Western Powers, oat of defenses to their new ally, eon-
stinted to attempt a last effort of ermediatton, resting on the
possibility of Jadeites Russia to saw* the beers whisk is
the general interest of Serape, they had proposed for peace.
It is well known that Prises Gortehakoa when first called
upon, with alibi knowledge of the common intentions of
Prance, England, Austria, and Tarim, to ezplein himself
respecting those of his own court, refused categorically to
adhere to the croodidons proposed. It was not till the 7th
of January, and after a reliance to St. Petenburg, that he
accepted, without any reserve, the priaciples known by the
name of the tour points (prone proostits). This fact
is attested, in the most peremptory misuser, by
the unsaizsems tostimosy of the plenipotentiaries pn.
sent at the conference; moreover, a despatch of Count
Seal, ecommuainted datultantroasly at Paris and Lenders,
proves that the negotiations, of which the outline had been
thus trued, were only opened at the request of Ramis. It
is established, therefore, that this Power cannot reproach
us with having taken it by surprise. She was aware that
one of the indispensable conditions of pesos consisted in the
cessation of her preponderance la the Roane, and ample
time had been allowed her to ascertain the sacrifices which
would be imposed upon her by undertaking as engagement
to that effect. The only question is, whether Prince Gat.
ehakoff and IL de Thai have fulfilled this engagement; se
whether, on the contrary, they have fallen short of 111,
This point I will disease immediately; but I wish, in the
first place, to examine some of the essertioss hazarded in
K. Reminds's circular.

Abused,' during the conferences, the Russian plenipoten-
tiaries at the time when the discussion took place of the
fint guanines relative, in their opinion, to the eonsecration
of the immunities of Moldavia, Wallachia, and Serve, and,
in our opines, to the abolition of the unfair inflames
*embed by the Cabinet of St. Petersburg in those Om
vestal provisoes of the Sublime Porte, had appeased to
misunderstand the true position of the debate. Court Neu
selrode develops the same thesis ; I shall answer it by eons
questions. When, since the last wan, have the immunise
of the Danubian Priacipalities received the slightest initially-
meat m the pan of the murals power ? When his
the Sultan over thought of revoking any of the et our
1 ebbe Inas by his predecessor? When have France, Engles.,
sal Austria evinced any other desire save that of main.
linaing, while ameliorating, the independent sway of the
edministratioe, which, as has been bat too much lost sight
et, was neither in Wallachia nor in Moldavia a recent con-
quest, but tie result of an agreement freely concluded ages
ages sad only modified from that day when the
Remedies began, daring the wars of the eighteenth
eratury, to depend more oa the court of Russia than
es the Sublime Ports? It is thus M..ldavia lost half the
territory that had bees guaranteed to her by the Sultans ;
thus it was that thb proving) and Wallachia, instead of re•
mining what they ought to be, a respected barrier
between the Ottoman empire and Russia, have,
men shit* the treaty of Adrianople, that seemed
to recognise in their behalf rights better defined,
been penned rather by agents from the cabinet of
Is. Petorsharg then by their own chiefs, and that in the
midst of peehend pen*, jut as if they were merely a pro-
longation*: lbs Russian soil, they saw themselves ulna-
money oesupied by a foreign army.
Such, sir, are the tree evils that have afiliated the Danu-
bian Prierdpalitiss, sash the dangers that have incessantly
weaned thus. It is to both that the first of the four
pmentees was intended t, pat an end. Whether the is.
Sasses of Russia beyond the Prath has or has not been
mendeed under the legal title of protalsrab, the question
has nothing to do with it, and it would be degrading it into
special pleading if we were to put it as Count Nesselrode
dose. History is at band to inform us what Moldavia and
Welisehia have gained, in addition to their old condition by
their relations with the court of St. Petersburg, and it is a
return to this state of things that France, Ragland, and
Austria have wished to prevent.
I pass to the second guarantee : the bases of its regula-
tion are good. I shall content myself with observing, that,
should the navigation of the Danube, hampered as it has
been for the last twenty-five years, recover its liberty, a war
has been requisite to induce Russia not to leave useless in
her bands one of the finest outlets in the world. Should
Germany acquire this immures boon for its commerce, It will
owe it to the blood shed by Fiasco and Boglead.
I em about to come, sir, to the thief point; but I have
still to reply to a reproach Wormed by CountNeseelrode to
the plenipotentiaries of the Western Powers. He accuses
them of having delayed the study, at the couference, of a
question bearing on toleration and humanity, and which, on
the alarm, ought to have occupied the first plan in the
deliberations or, to speak more appropriately, of not
having taken into emaideratim with so meek ssel as
they ought the lot of the Christian subjects of
the Sublime Porte. There is so discussion without
regularity, audit bad bees agreed to examine in their order
the four gsarantees.. Now, if the debate stopped at the
I "bird, the obstacle AM nos mend from us; it was the
Ross an ploolpetentiories who relied its end oars merely
tismisemedie a psegremene settled beforehand. Coast New
horses let the rest takes it upon himself to justify their
spies% which was already explained by the announesseest '
rite speedy wind at Vous of*, Sultan's Minister of
lireeelP After A religiose quietism unweaned by the
isslomloce of Ruda bad been the muss of the war. It
tessimband set to disease it sakes in the preemie of Asti
reams besides, it was no Weser is the term it bad been
lollisolly drawn spin. The ethanol St. Petevelearg hod
loiliMml a formal engagement which, seemingly applicable
is nligiess immunities alone, would not the less have humi-
liated the Porte, fettered Its administrative anion, and have
paralysed in the civil order ell efilosaionsseloso. Francis sad
Ragland openly declared that the Turkish government was
bouod to refuse its submission to sash conditions, whisk
1 wield have entailed rale on Us tedepeadence ; and, if
peference be made to the text of the fourth guarantee, it is
/say to see that Ruda engaged to unease, the reproducing
if them, and to leave to the Deltas, save sad except the
41100117 'Mies and the counsels of his allies, the initiative
a what menieres were to be taken in the material and
Morel Interest of hoe subparts. W het was to be done, there-
fore, at the confuenees of Vienna was not to discuss systems
tisionties.,ly, but simply to pmeleim • principle directly
the eeeelee of the one, that of Waugh, which the mission
of Priem klentehikoff to Constantinople had for its object.
Coast Neseelrode says enough on the subject to permit
us r.o doubt whether the Rumba pleaipotsnttariss would
ht.ve mined themselves to these limits. They would
toobably, as in the discussion about the Danubian
Principalities, have mistaken the motives of the fourth
guarantee, and they would have forgotten that there was
still debateable anything save the requirement of Russia
to whin Baron could not subscribe. The latest reforms
effected in Turkey, thole they give birth to, the eagerness
the Sublime Porte has shown is listening to our commis,
prove thrt the heart of the Sultan is open to the meet gene-
fens inspiration. What is essential is that then itemisations
should be carried out without troublesome interforence, that
be who crocisine them may have the merit of them in the
eyes of his subjects and the world. Aart to the end that this
result may be obtained, it Is indispe amble that Russia for
the fetare should abandon the arms she has made we of is
terms, either for stopping 100110 l relkirms or for alienating
the population from their moorrAgn. Such is the meaning
of the fourth ptomain, cad "see we read the despatch of
Coast Nesseirede we might .suppose that It fa sot viewed is 1
this light at St. Petersburg.
I sow some, lie, to the gustiest el the Sleek Bea.

isadsqiney of the treaty
European family ea ia-
'empire ; and, ode the °en
Turkey was exposed by
_ is the Eaziae, Frames,
declared, that the saavention
or in still better words,
anutesary, by putting sa
the Black Sea, to re-ests•
gavial power of this interior
. bees deranged by a series of
Gortahakelf, alter some hesitation
at first, adhered at the preliminary oceforease of Jas. 7 to
else two terms of this preposidoe, which ezplains itielf,
Wish twenties nothing ambiguous; sad it was on the faith
Makes adhesion that the representatives of Posse and Zane
prod at Visage were faraished with their full poems.
The goverameat of the Emperor and that MYR Mimesis
Majesty were bound, I repeat, to sena. UM solinst
et St. P berg lied Lads up its mind olio smoillseslih
sated by the situation, and In this eapoetalliet lb* Ranks
plenipoteatiariee had been invited to maks the laildative, the
object being to pralines the digal7 of their oenet. Os the
refusal of the 'Onset of St. Petersburg to assesses, Arse,
the coecomiess to which it would be disposed to consent,
the Allies of the Baldime Pert* agreeing with it, brought
forward the condition, which are specified in one of the
riders to the eleventh protocol.

I shall make no attempt, sir, to justify our demands ; for
t►eir moderation is self-evident. Nor shall I enter into
details that hare now become futile. I prefer defining the
interests of Europe in the Black Bea, and then examining
whether the double solution proposed by Raul* gives to
those interests the satisfaction which it is our object to ob-
i Min for them.

B•altwively ocafl•ed by the coasts of the two neighbour-
ing slates, closed spinet the other maritime powen, the
BOIL, had become, as it were, an arena, where adversaries
of unequal strength found themselves alone confronting
each other—the weaker of the two being delivered up to the
discretion of the more powerful one. A formidable fortress
o ontained within its citadels and roadstead an army always
ready to embark, and a Rest always ready to take them on
board and put to sea. This warlike display, unne-
cessary for defence, had but one possible destination.
It constituted • permanent menace against the capital of
Turkey, and the mystery which surrounded it increased a
peril which at the slightest symptom of a crisis alarmed the'
whole of Europe. Constrained in spits of efforts, which
history will appreciate, to have 'mane to arms, Franca
and Ragland owe it to themselves, and also to Europe, not
to lay them down until their work shall be accomplished.
It is necessary that the peace which they shall have ob-
tained shall be followed by a secure repose.

Would such security be the consequence of either of the
two combinations recommended by Count Nesselrode ? In a
word, would these two systems put an end to the preponde-
rance of Russia in the Black Sea ? The first, that based
on the principle of the complete and reciprocal opening
of the pa.sages of the Bosphorus and of the Dards
nelles, involves the abolition of • rule which the Ottoman
empire has always considered as its safeguard, and which
since 1841 has become part of the public law of Europe.
At present, Russia, who refuses to reduce the number of
her 'gaols, in alleging the exigencies of her honour and the
prerogative of her sovereignty, does not hesitate to apply to
the &blase Porte for the abdication of its independence fa
lit, internal waters—fn the great artery which passes through
its capital. She claims • new passage into the Mediterra
neon, that is to say, the means and the pretext of augment-
ing in vast proportions her maritime development; and, In
compensation fur these advantages, she confines herself to
giving her consent, that foreign squadrons may in future
enter a sea where they would find neither a port of refuge
nor an arsenal of supply.
In order to exercise the surveillance, the right of which
would be indirectly conceded to them, France and England
would be obliged to impose on themselves for ever the most
onerous saerifiors. I will add, sir, and this ccusideration is
of great weight, that peace, if concluded on such conditions,
would be exposed to the board of the first incident that
might occur, and that the very object of the presence, neces-
sarily intermitted, of the French and English fleet* in the
Ennio* would already intimate • peril which would be
menace of war. That would, in fact, be a proof that Russia
would require to be again kept within bounds, eo that her
preponderanee would not have ceased to east, and the object
of the third guarantee would have been frustrated.
Would that object be better attained by the adoption of
the system developed, in the second lice, by Prince Gut-
*lmhoff and K. de Titoff ? The straits, it is true, would
remain filmed ; but the Matti quo which existed before the
war would be re-established, the Russian navy would be
repaired without control behind the fortifications of her
ports ; and, when the Sultan would regard an aggression as
imminent, then only would he be authorised to give the
alarm to his allies. The reply to that appeal would be an.
other war, which would prove at the same time the want of
foresight of the Western Powers, and the regenerated
strength of the enemy whom they are combating at pre-
sent. Could they, without imprudent*, consent to an
arrangement which would accord to them only a momentary
repose, troubled in advisee by their own previsions ? Finally,
would the preponderance of Russia in the Black Sea be de-
stroyed, if it were necessary, at the very moment of making
peace, to agree on the means of one day putting an end
to it?

It would be superfluoue, sir, to (any this reasoning
further, and I believe that I have demonstrated that, start-
ing from the principle of the opening or closing of the Dar-
danelles and the Bosphorus, the cabinet of St. Petersburg
did not keep the engagement it took in causing itself to be
represented in the conferences at Vistas. To confirm this
judgment I will content myself with calling to mind that
Count Duel, is the lest meeting on the 28th April, declared
that " the Russian projeet, in which he could see neither a
solution nor a basis for a solution, iediested only the means
of reacting against the naval preponderance of Russia, when
it should ►ave already assumed the proportions of an in-
tolerable danger, but in no tropic' tended to muse it to cease
in a permanent manner, and in the ordinary state of
thine."

The demands of the Western Powers, in conformity with
the wishes of the Porte, supported to the end by the Atte-
' also plesipotentiaries, as • complete and 'Meadow system,
were, cm tbe contrary, as moderate in form as they Mee
biddiniate in their nature. We asked nothing from Rein
whisk would have caused her dignity, and still lass Irep
Isestrer, to suffer. We invited her, moved solely by the
emeral interest of Europe, to to on • basis equitably calor
listed and adapted by the Ports the number UMW& whisk
she meths to keep for the future ht a sea is whiekabilwe to
dread no attack, and in which her navy. tamed Somas.
able reportions, amply suficlent for the regular swiss*
for whisk she would Lae to provide, would is say ease
have been at least equal to the OttoMth aavy. The ethiseit
of Se. Petersburg refused this award, which wield brit
restored peace to the world. It hail dollimi the
authority of the examples that wen oiled to it 1
bee forgotten that, in its last treaty • of. poser Utlit
Persia, it imposed itself or. that power the Wirt-
tioa of abstaining from navigating the Caspian Sea, and of
exclusively reeerv.ng that sea to tbs *utilise of Russia; it
bee not contented to admit what Frau., Ragland, the
Vatted States, and the Notherlends, under differeat forms,
sad at differeot soothe, have accepted, either to terminate
war, or to conailidata pew, or to suppress germs o( rivalry
or 110ellist between usighbourieg states.
Shall I aotioe a point which Count Nesselrode signalises
as forgetfulness of what is due to the sovereignty of Russia
is her own territory ? Re reproaches u with baying
desired, costrary to istenationni law, to deny to the cabinet
of St. Petersburg the power of milting or withdrawing the
esisfuatvr to the consuls who may be installed In the ports
K the Roane. We never entertained such a pretension.
We only demanded that no-residetes should be interdicted ;
but it was understood that. esendirg to the rides which
regulate such matters, • othealsoreladed night not always,
teem plausible motives applicable to him pencmally and not
to hie post, retain the 'probation of the Russian
government.
I have now terminated, de, this eepoed ; sad there will
Iresult from it, I hops, for all impartial minds, the convict-
ties that the Western Powers cannot be responsible for the
ellidnemathe of • war the effeets of which they Lye
*Mired thaw with as much sincerity and seal se they em-
ployed la vesessit the busking oat of it. Preece sad
Jingles& de Tot entertain the sentiments ascribed to them;
their hostillry is not, so has been said, implacable. They
have new: clothed to impose or. &mil a peace dioilistorY
to her \cruet end her dignity ; bet necessity boa their%
them wash a duty which, with the aid of Midi* Provident*,
they wilt know hew to told; Ind Europe, consolidated Olt
bras, will be thankful to them for butt": resin nod withli
tut bounds an Jammu which ieerywhere eucteavoined
1 Uri beffeed the 01140 onis luteWks: ,I, authorise
you to reed this issue& toli.—arc mil tut ride ealiesgueso
—Receive, Ito. - s- - 11.tworihas.

THE gxpßiges, MONDAY 4' , $ !., MAY 28, 1855.
:,••• •
IP I. of • • • °• t
not, ie • t Tar OF THE FRENde °mgt. illasek, es tee eaelbead, dith the
The ootton market was buoy antala a .
088. 'l7 panther the • pied flr 'COW BRINSELRODE'S CIXCIJ 4617 13. 1861. is idssib tit*
imitable Mem for the 9aMtith
Breadstuff turbot dull nt''' I, het .. • , . are *him .
In Alit irMINMW Of Saturday appear/ a rinadar ad, with the 410E0 4/1'
Provision market report ,„„ • ;..T •
_ " sosut44/4112A1. addrsialif the French Minister of Foreign MTh* the Aseteale Bflllllrwitiaw far"'
Freights dall sad sashanged. mum ought to vs remain w• 8, to the iipiciasdie representatives of the Emperor linglati, end Marie have deslar
Exchange cm Lemke, 1101. mattibstsd so materially to enable to abuses the miss@ wards of Europe. There is notbiog are. of the tvrotti ought to ho revised.
the Reform Bill of 1864 ; and this aslant hi will Mitosis' in tborifedigvai• of this dosuniest. Its sp• to b completed, sad that it was a,
perhaps bate reason to tercieet es stie/ ehesotat pserasce olollUirly well-timed, immesh as it sad to Remiss prsposisrsass is U
to dridelli, Ills= a sundry sinister rumour re- WWI botoses kw sad Wetter e.
THE OVERLAND MAIL. iu the 2" 21°"11 and fwewbisatiwwe whids are Ilk* tions of the Preach government, boas, the equilibeiss that had tea
disturb his pleas. Fifty Aimed's:nits votes were re- .
. . _ _ *m y isted of late by the pesos.at-any- disastrous events. Prises Gorteltal
. ....a.aradt at the Driallthillfl