The Express.
London, England, 1864-09-27 00:00:00

NUESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 27, 1864.

INTELLIGENCK

AUSTRIAN VIEW OF THE FRANOO-
FTALLAN TREATY.
The Lloyd of Vienna his the following :

At this moment, when the Behan question ;tend' in the
foregreeed, oar stanienosa hare doubtlem begun seriously to
eonskler whether the friendship of hyena will stand the
Ist, and whether, when the pressure arrives, she will give
the support of her powerful influence to Austria. Interests
of the highest importance ought indeed to make
Herr von Bismarck desire that the power of Italy
should not be increased. for it L impossible
that conservative tendencies could gain by such an increase.
But it is equally certain that Anemia will not aid us without
making us pay dandy for her aid. If Austria from the
outset had taken a purely German view in the Sleswig-
Holstein question, the sympathies of Germany would have
rallied round us in rush force that our position
would have been vastly strengthened. We should have
better security for the friendship of France who would pro.
belly not have started the Italian question so soon. Bat on
the 'contrary, our policy' ou the Sleewig•l[olatsio question
has been characterised by a remarkable aversion to the

national movement and to national principle'. The Aus-
trian government was afraid that the movement in Germany
would assume a revolutionary aspect, and oonsiderad that
the reoognltion of the national principle might lead to dia•
askew consequences. The German movement has happily

been dyked by the policy of the great German powa
bat DOVIOADIMIII the national principle was recog-
nised by Austria in the Sleswig-Hoistein question.
List it not be mid that Italy is now without strength and
therefore not likely to give offends —Wt Italy alone has
reason to fear the approaching future. Whatever be the
sitaation of Italy the Promo-Italian treaty still implies a
Dew recoguitien of the principle of nationalities, and it is
exactly this principle that Austria dreads in the highest
degree. This is the cardinal vice which does not permit us
to go forward at home or abroad. It is not in the least to
be expected that Austria will give up the Italian qua-
drilateral out of pare love to the principle of nationalities.
But leaving Italy out of the question, this principle might
be applied to several parts of the monarchy without injury
to the power of the empire. It is precisely the vocation of
Austria to carry out the principle of nationalities, and to
make it coordinate with the power of the empire. Polities
are not a system of philosophy which should be pushed to
their final consequences. France, for example, is the most
ardeut champion for the principle of nationalities, although
she Dever dreams of restoring Alsace to O. many. Let us
get rid of introversion to the principle of nationalities, and
our policy will obtain a direction which will astonish oar
friends and our easmies."

NORTH SLFSWIG.

A Copenhagen letter has the following

Whilst festivities and balls are succeeding each other in
honour of the Prince and Princes, of Wales, letters re-
ceived frem Northern Sleswig contain intelligence daily
more sad more afflicting. The Prussian authorities exer-
cise, without regarding in t►e least the public opinion of
Europa, the mart arbitrary measures to repress the national
movement which is protesting signet s separation from
Pawns. The agitation has assumed alarming propor-
tions, and specially linos the arrest of M. ds
Bahama, one of the most distinguished men in
the csastry. He was arrested for having taken an active
part in the propsgetioo of ac adders from the inhabitants
of Maoris to the civil commissioners. It has same been de-
livered to these latter Woad by 6,000 of the inhabitants ;
several other copies of the petition, bearing in all 14,000
signatures, have been seized and burned.

EX#RRSS FROM PARIS.

(11011 on owl(

PARA MOULT EMI:NO.

His Majesty will hold two more cabinet councils,
and then set off for Compiegne, when people
will endeavour to gather from the lists of guests
invited to hunt and shoot in the imperial preserves
some insight into his future policy. The rumours
current to-day merely affect the advisers of the
chief of the state and a certain shifting of ministers.
La France mentions the retirement of M. Rouland,
who, before the accession of M. Duruy, was in the
Persigny cabinet as Minister of Instruction and
Public Worship. M. Rouland's temperate replies
and rebukes of intemperate bishops, who likened
his master to Judas Iscariot, gained him a well-
earned reputation. He became President of the
Council of State, which he now resigns, being des-
tined to resume his seat in the Senate and to fill
some appointment worthy of the eminent services
which he has rendered the country. M. Vuitry,
Governor of the Bank of France, succeeds M. Rou-
land. During the last session this gentleman was
usually put up to reply to the attacks which MM.
Thiers and Berryer directed against the finance
operations of the government. In the opinion of
some partial imperialists he had the best of the
struggle, because his figures were correct, whilst
those of his adversaries were drawn from their
imagination. It is supposed that the Emperor
wishes to borrow two large sums of about 500 mil-
lions to fill up deficits which can no longer remain
uncovered, and that M. Fould has strongly objected,
and tendered his resignation, not for the first time.
M. Behic, Minister of Commerce, gave us a abort
while ago an account of the sums which would be
required to carry out all that required carrying out
in France, and it is said that his name and that
of the Minister of Marine and the Colonies will
appear in a list of changes on which the imperial
mind is reflecting.
It appears that the Empresa of Russia, will
pass the next winter at Nice instead of making
another excursion to the Crimea.

General Montauban, Count of Palikao, is to
take command of the 2nd Corps d'Armde, having
his head quarters at Lille. Marshal Foray will go
to Lyons. Thus the two most unpopular soldiers
in the French army will be in possession of
important commands.

We hear little worth repeating to-day on the
subject of Rome, with the exception of a pretended
unofficial mission by the Bishop of Nancy, who is
to go to Rome and aid M. de Sartigea in re-
assuring the pontifical court,which has been thrown
into a state of desperation.

!mini Pernano was annommed. Of course he was
I received, and the eourageous sailor, who on the
night before had been my companion in the sad
errand to the municipality palace, and who had
risked his life, confirmed what General Della Room
had said, begging the King to ask his ministers to
resign. Whilst they were thus engaged, one of the
King's aides-de-camp entered the room and told his
Majesty that the detkities and senators who were
in Turin had held a meeting, presided over by Mar-
quis Panto, that a deputation had been appointed,
and had already presented itself to Signor Perarzi
to call him to account, and to protest against the
facts which occurred during the evening before.
His Majesty was also informed that the meeting of
those legislators had been very stormy, and that
one of the deputies had gone so far
as to propose that the meeting should
declare itself en permanence, and constitute
itself into • provisional government, announcing
this decision by a proclamation to the people. The
proposition, the King was told, had been of oourse
rejected, but it showed that exasperation had in-
vaded even the highest region of one power of the
state. The President of the Council of Ministers,
Signor Minghetti, was then summoned to the royal
presence: Already this gentleman, who I hear has
deeply felt the great misfortune which has befallen
Turin, had discussed with his colleagues the
advisability of resigning their seats in a stormy
council held at the Ministry soon after the
firing in Saint Charles'-square had occurred.
At this council the young Foreign Minister, Visconti
Venosta told his colleagues that if orders were not
instantly given to stop the bloodshed he would at
once withdraw, holding them responsible, as an
Italian citizen, for any new accident which might
occur. Those orders were given, the council was
re-assured, and it resolved that to maims at that
moment would seem like shrinking from responsi-
bility, and imply a consciousness of duty unful-
filled.

When Commendatore Minghetti made his ap-
pearance before the King, and heard that he was
asked to resign, be sent at one for his colleagues,
and in their presence told his Majesty that they had
decided to retain power unti. it pleased his Majesty
to dismiss them. In the meanwhile General La
Marmora bad arrived in Turin, and having hastened
from the station to the royal palace, and had a short
interview wish the King, had consented to accept
office. Signor Minghetti was then informed by
Victor Emmanuel himself of what had occurred,
the King begging him and his colleagues to tender at
once their resignation, which, of course, was done
without remark.

No precise news about the colleagues chosen by
General La Marmon has reached me, but I think
that General Petiti will be appointed Minister of
War, and Count Pours di San Martino Home Se-
cretary. It is generally stated that Baron Rica*,li
has already been telegraphed for, and that La Mar-
more has offered him the portfolio of Foreign
Affairs. The names of Signors Lanza and Sella are
also spoken of for the Ministers of Finances and
Public Works ; and it is stated that, in the case of
Baron Ricasoli's refusal, Cavaliere Nigra, the
Italian minister at Paris. who arrived here yester-
day, will be appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Whatever may be the composition of the new ad-
ministration, I, as a friend of Italy, sincerely hope
that the Piedmontese element will not form a
decided majority, because it would undontedly dis-
satisfy the other parts of Italy and give rise to a
complication which might even become very serious
indeed. it is, moreover, generally known in Italy
and in Europe that Count 'ouzo di San
Martino advocates a peaceful policy—the
policy of disarmament. For him the Italian
question is essentially an administrative ques-
tion. To re-organise the administration of
the new state, to restore its finances, so dangerously
impaired by Signor Minghetti's impracticable
theories, to renounce all idea of making war upon
Austria, at least for many years to come, and send
home half the army, these are opinions which the
Count has often loudly proclaimed from his seat in
the Senate. His name, therefore, is not likely to
be popular in the other parts of Italy. But even
leaving aside this difficulty, the first question which
presents itself—a very serious question indeed—is
this : Is the new ministry in favour of the con-
vention which gave rise tothe late events I Now there
can be no doubt about the meaning of the conven-
tion, for we know that one of its conditions—though
not embodied in the convention itself, but secretly
stipulated—is that the two years allowed for the
evacuation of Rome by the French troops will only
begin to date from the day in which the capital
shall be transferred from Turin to Florence. Now,
there are, in my opinion, only two ways of seizing
the meaning of all this ; either that the Emperor
has asked from the Italian Government the entire
renunciatiation of Rome, as the capital of Italy, in
spite of the decision of the national parliament,
and Minghetti's cabinet has consented to the Im-
perial wishes, or that Louis Napoleon believes
that alter his troops have been withdrawn
the Pope will be contented with the scheme
which the Emperor himself has formerly advocated,
i.e., to declare Rome not the capital of Italy, but
a free Italian city, administrated by the municipal
authorities. Well, you may depend upon it that
neither one nor the other of these solutions will
satisfy the Italians. Minghetti's cabinet having
given up all idea of Rome, having bound itself to
have the capital removed for good, the question is
no longer a local, but a national question. On one
side the executive has bound the nation, on the other
there is a great probability that parliament will not
sanction the convention. True, the legislature has no
power to reject it, but it may render its effect nuga-
tory by refusing the funds which the executive
must ask for the transfer of the capital to Flo-
rence. The embroglio, as you see, is serious enough,
and it shows that the pie has been really cooked in
the imperial kitchen.
P.S. Nothing new about the formation of the
new cabinet. Rumours are afloat that Count
Pours de San Martino has withdrawn from the
ministerial field. Signors Lanza, Sells, and Cor-
dova, it is said, have accepted offices. The re-
joicings were general in the provinces, because
the telegrams sent by the late ministry had led
people to believe that the transfer of the capital to
Florence was but a first halt towards Rome. Now
that the truth is known serious apprehensions are
generally entertained of an outbreak at Naples,
Palermo, Milan, and other towns. Let us hope
that such a calamity may be spared this unh►ppy
country.

WHERE THE PETER'S PENCE GO.—A letter from
Rome of the 20th contains the subjoined :—" The solemn
ceremony of the beatificatioe of Mastruerite•Maria Alacoque,
• nun of the Order of the Visitation, took place the day
before yesterday. In the morning, the cardinals of the
coogregatioo of the rite assembled at the basilica of the
Vatican, which was richly decorated rind dluminated for
the occasion. The brief of the beatification was read in
prepuce of the clergy, • large number of nuns of the
order, and an immense multitude of the public.
The image of the bleated Maria Alecoque, placed on
the chair of St. Peter, was then uncovered, and • Te Dann
wee sung, while the ringing of bells and the firing of artil-
lery from the castle of St. Angelo announced the event to
the population. The basilica was lighted with 4,000 wax-
lights and 200 tapers. Six pictures paisted for the occa-
sion. and representing the principal event" in the life of
Maria Alneoqum with the miracle' approved of for her
beatificatioe, were exhibited. At 5 on the evening the
Holy Father came to the basilica to adore the blessed object
of veneration, and the cardinals did the same. An immense
crowd of persons flocked to St. Peter's in the evening. The
expenses occasioned by this solemnity amounted to 60,000
homes.*

AN EXTRAORDINARY BEA:tail; LETTER.—The
Mower du Midi states that Benet de Rothschild possesses'
the most voluminous collection of beanies letters that any
fineecier ever received. They form a complete swim.
Among the number is one lately addressed to the baron,
ooatainieg the very tempting proposition that far the Esga.
Mlle of 50,000 fr. the writer would Gems to show how be
could prolong hie life to the age of 150 years. The following
is the baron's reply :—" has frequently happened to
me to be threatened with death if I did not give a sum of
money. You am aertaiely the hit that ham ever asked me
for it in proposing to prolong my life. Your proposition is,
without doubt, far better and more humane. Bat my re-
ligion teaches me that we are all under the hand of God,
and I will not do anything to withdraw myself from His
decrees. My refusal, moreover. does not is any way attack
your discovery, from which you will not fail.l hope, to
profit younelf. Regretting that I cannot accede to year
proposal, I sincerely congratulate you on the 150 years whkh
you are called on to live in this world.—Accept, am., J. Di
koriscsam"