The Express.
London, England, 1862-03-03 00:00:00

PRUSSIA AND ITALY.

Some of the continental journals censure the
Prussian government for the reply which, it is said,
was made to the unanimous proposal of the com-
mission of the chamber to recognise the kingdom
of Italy, the reply being, "That the government
could not consent to subordinate its foreign policy
to the influence of parliament." This remark, it
is said, is quite at variance with the parliamentary
rigime.
The Nord lays great stress upon the very
serious differences which exist between the Prus-
sian chambers and the government relative to the
Federal Diet and the duty of Prussia in reference to
German unity. " What will be the issue," says
the Nord, " of this situation, in which the chamber
becomes more pressing in proportion as the govern-
ment becomes more reserved ? Men's minds are
disturbed, and alarming rumours are in circulation.
Already the dissolution of the chamber is considered
certain ; and a correspondent usually well-informed
speaks of military preparations, in view of troubles
which may arise from a rupture between the go-
vernment and parliament."

(11/1171131.8 TZLEORAMB.)
FRANCS.

THE GOVERNMENT AND THE STUDENTS.
PARIS, Kum 3.

The Moniteur of to-day says :—" Culpable in-
trigues having excited the students to manifesta-
tions based upon an odious invention, the Minister
of Public Instruction has informed the Vioe-Rector
that the students or scholars who should take part
in any riotous assemblage would be immediately
expelled from the Academy of Paris, and deprived
of their academic inscriptions."
The demands for the conversion of Four-and-a-
Half per Cent. Rented' amount to 97 2-3 millions
of francs. The number of Obligations Trentennaires
presented for conversion is 384,710.

THE BRAZIL MAIL.
LISBON, Lawn 1.

The Royal Mail steamship Oneida, which ar
rived here this morning from the Brazils, left for
Southampton at 2 p.m. with 40 passengers, 53,0011.
in specie, 2,527 bags of coffee, 17 packages of BUll-
dries, and 50 packages measuring 15 tons for the
Exhibition.

&TINOS Ama, JAN. 26.—Exchange, Ws.;
ounces, 399 dole.; U. S. ox hides, 47j ; wool, 80
to 85 ; tallow, 171.

Business dull. Politics favoursble.
Mums VIDDIN Jaw. 29.—Eichange, 400.;
11. 8. 01 hides, 68 ; wool, 5 dols.; tallow, 21i.

A letter from Rome in the Morning Post Nays ;
—" Mr. Eardley has bad two long audiences of the es.
King of Naples, sal has conversed with his Majesty in
the most unreserved way about the future prospects of the
Bourbonic dynasty and the policy which led to its recent
dowolslL The apparent fmnkstea which characterised his
Majesty's remarks prevents me from rendering them public,
it having been his expriesly stated wish that the views and
intentions he couilded to Mr. lardley should not become
matter for the prem. Marshal Bosco was present at these
interviews, and occasionally interposed some remark of his
own. The general tenor of the King's discourse was that,
in the most critical moment. of his career, he had bees
illadvised ; but that, made wies by past events, he should
now be able to carry out a sincerely liberal hue of policy,
if destined to remount the throne of his ancestors. Ilia
idiom of diplomatic relatioas with England appeared also
to have madmen° a complete revolution mime the days
of Mr. Elliott's ineffectual remonstrances ; but there
must, of oonrse, be a considerable difference between the
views and opinions of Francis 11. reigning at Naples and
those of the same monarch an stile at Rome."

The French government has divcoverod a vast
system of fraud, which has been practised for many years
sad has deprived the reverie of several millions. It has
been the habit when conveying property from one party to
another to set down the consideastion at much leas than it
really wee, Rod consequently the stamp duty paid on the
insider was coosidetsbly less than it ought to have been.
Moderate calculators estimate the loss to the state at
30,000.000 fr. annually, in consequence of these false
declarations.

t.IXPRFSB FROM PARIB.

(nom ova ovm cola:aroma:ma
PARIS, SUNDAY Znamta.

•
A telegram, promulgated by the Arita ConA-
mnia& (not a first-rate authority), dated Turin,
8 o'clock a.m., March 2, states that the change of
ministers in Italy is an accomplished fact, and that
MM. Ratazzi and Farini are the heads of the new
cabinet ; but the mysterious intimation is added
that the actual installation of the new ministry is
retarded for "high and important political reasons."
This despatch seems to me a mere amplification of
another a day older, which stated that Baron Rica-
soli had tendered his resignation, but that the
King had " not yet" accepted it. The Patric, K
de la Guerronnibre's journal, observes, with a dire
chuckle, that the formation of a new ministry
at Turin coincides with the "declarations
which will to-morrow awake echoes in the
French Senate." He means to say that K
Billault, who is to make a grand oration to-morrow,
in pursuance of his promise to argue the Roman
question fully, will pronounce against Italian
unity, and in favour of a temporal power. I don't
think AL Billault will quite come up to M. de la
Guerronnibre'4expectations. There is one remark-
able qualifying word in the short answer which, at
the instigation of the Marquis de Boissy, he made
yesterday to Prince Napoleon's speech. That word,
which I reported yesterday from a short summary
of the debate, and which I find confirmed by the
Moniteur, is " immediate." K Billault felt him-
self authorised to say that there was nothing in
common between the policy of the government and
the "immediate conclusion " advocated by the
prince. It is, however, but too painfully
apparent that K Billault will not promise the
evacuation of Rome within any reasonable
time. And as Prince Napoleon admirably says,
centuries may roll on before the court of Rome
will yield a peg except to force. " Expectation
without limit and without hope is," says M.
Gueroult in this evening's Opinion Nationale, "no
policy at aIL" lam much afraid, however, that
this nugatory policy will be the whole sum and
substance of M. Billault's great speech to-morrow.
Prince Napoleon, indeed, anticipated this dilatory
plea from the government orator, for he said in •
tone of defiance at the end of his speech that he
knew he should be contradicted from the govern-
ment bench, but that the policy indicated by him
would in the end be that of the Emperor.
I think so too—but then the end may be so
very long coming that an infinity of mischief
may be done in the meantime. M. Rataxxi,
there can be no doubt, is the man, who, for some
reason or other, the French Emperor wishes to
see Prime Minister in Italy, and the knowledge
that this is so has been a great impediment in his
way among Italians. He would not be found
obstinate on the subject of Rome, for it is well
known that his faith in the possibility of getting
Rome for the capital of Italy has never been
strong. There are those whose belief in the
power and wisdom and goodness of the French
Emperor is so strong that they think all opposition
to letting him do as he likes with Italy is folly.
These thinkers would be satisfied with a Ratesei
ministry. To others the necessity of submitting to
it will be deemed a misfortune.

The Esplranet du Petip/e of Nantes has received
a warning for la correspondence from Paris " con-
ceived in a factious spirit, and making a manifest
appeal to the most hostile passions against the
established order of things."
It is rumoured that the Emperor has written an
autograph letter to M. Ernest Renan, expressing
the warmest friendship for him, and, while not
blaming the suspension of his lectures by the Mi-
nister of Public Instruction, promising that he shall
very soon be allowed to resume them.

It would appear from the explanations given re-
lating to the religions communities to the French Senate,
that there are 23 establishments for men in France autho-
rised, 49 not authorised, 3,075 establishments for females
authorised, and that the number increases at the rate of
100 each year. The gifts and legacies that have been re-
ceived for religious establishments, seminaries, muscles,
and perishes have amounted in three years to 13,873,951 fr.,
upwards of three million pounds sterling, which, together
with the government allowances, make a receipt of nearly
Ave millions by these establishments in three year..

It appears from the census papers that, within
the last two years, thowiandi upon thousands of Italians
have been christened "Ouiaeppe," and nearly as many
" Vittorio."

The Times states that the private agreement to
which all the greet line* running north of the Thames are
about to give their adhesiou arranges that from the let of
May to the 15th of June ordinary fares and ordinary ar-
rangements are to be maintained on all parte of their re-
spective lines. From the 16th of June to the end of the
Exhibition return tickets are to be available for one clear
week. During the mouth of August existing excursion
fares are to be maintained. During the month of September
the present rates of excursion fares are to be reduced 20
per cent., and during the month of October a still further
reduction of 20 per cent. for third-class passengem will be
made on the reduction of September.
The scenes which have in the coarse of the last
eighteen months taken place at the weekly sittings of the
magistrates of the Colchester division of the county of
Essex were brought to an end on Saturday, by Mr. William
Rawdon Havens, one of the magistrates, being superseded
in the commission of the pease. The Lord Chancellor has
ordered a letter to be addressed to Mr. Havens, in which,
referring to the second memorial, he says :—" To these fall
and particular statements you have not thought fit to re-
turn any other answer than the assertion that the whole of
the statement is false and maliciously false. Yon thus
charge your brother magistrates with having deliberately
invented and published a series of falsehoods, with the
malicious intent of doing you an injury. The Lard Chem
cellos cannot give credit to an accusation so incredible and
so entirely unsupported. In his judgment this charge is a
most serious aggravation of your former offensive conduct.
The forbearance shown to you in the proceedings in the
Court of Queen's Bench has had no effect. lam further
directed by the Lord Chancellor to say that it is impossible
that you should remain in the same commission with the
gentlemen whom you thus accused ; and as the Lord Chan-
cellor is satisfied of the correctness of the representatioes
made to him, he feels it to be his duty to direct that your
name be struck out of the commission of the peace."
SCIE3CRIBERS TO THE POPE.—With regard to the
temporal ways and means of the Pope, the official journal
continues to publish never.endiug lists of contributors to
the Obelus of St. Peter, the sums offered varying from a
farthing (inesso-baiocecO to 201. or 301.. according to the
means and liberality of the pious donors. The arch-
confraternity of the Obelus of St Peter, a religious am-
ciatiou formed expressly. for the collection of these offer-
ings, has got together in Rome, since September, 1860,
to the end of Jannery, 1802, the sum of 54,732 *midi
(11,50014. Bat foreign contributions are the most con-
siderable, and many of these rasa through the diode of the
arch confraternity. Amongst nonentholice who have bona
touched by the pecuniary necessities of the supreme pontiff,
the last list published, on the 20th ult., mentions seme
London Jews—Mr. Joseph Joel (41.), Mrs. Joel (41.), Mr.
W. F. Solomon (ll.), sod Mr. W. M. lases (11.). Mast of
the gifts sent to the Pope are accompanied by a few ee-
-1 verential words of respectful condeleime and hays! myna-
pithy on the part of the down, who are sometimes
named, and sometimes prefer remaining anooymems. We
translate as a specimen the expressions of "A Poor Family
of Bagnorea," near Viterbo, who describe the aline as
" believing, loving, and
_hoping," and who Mier am mode
(Is. 2d.) to the "most logitimate and authoritative, the
meet sapient, just, and beneficent of seveseigne • the
supreme infallible interpreter of universal law, the piaster,
father, pacificator, oracle, master, and judge of ladi
of populations, of nations, and of kings, the mesa
and powerful depository of the tempo& kingdom, the
'AM' of Christ, the head of catholic salty, who absolves
and condemns, loosens and hinds on earth sad in heaven."
This eloquent superscription is attributed to the elesio pen
of the Rev. Canoe Venal, professor of philosophy in the
seminary of Bagman&

1862.

SERIOUS FAILURE OF A SANITARY

EN'I'ERPILD3E.

The Rugby Board of Health is seriously em-
barraased by the discovery that the plan which it has pur-
sued for four years, end upon which it has spent four
thanked pounds, for supplying the town with water, has
irremediably failed. _ _ .

The increasing population of the town has for a long time
made the scanty supply of water at present obtainable a
growing inconvenience, and Mr. Hawkesley was called in to
advise the board. That gentleman, after informing himself
of the facts, gave his decided opinion that the river Avon
was the only feasible source from which an
adequate supply could be obtained. But the opposi•
tion of the neighbouring owners of water-mills
and other difficulties, on the one hand, and the narrowness
of the powers at their command on the other, determined
the Board to look elsewhere for the desired supply. In an
evil hour Mr. Hawkealey was induced to suggest that relief
ham their difficulties might be found by boring down to the
water.bearing strata of the new red sandstone. The boring
has ruched the water-bearing strata of this formation, but
it ham also ~bed a deposit of rock-salt, the existence of
which was wholly unsuspected, and the salt dimly
ing in the water brought up by the bore-hole communi-
cates to it a degree of brackish salinity which renders it
totally unfit for food, u well as for all ordinary domestic
purposes. From an analysis of samples which bass
been successively taken, it appears that the salinity has
steadily increased, until in the last specimen there were
found 1,256 grains of saline matter in the gallon of water.
Of these, 777 grains consisted of chloride of sodium, or com-
mon salt, the remaining constituents being principally sul-
phate of bode, or Glauber's salt, pd sulphate of magnesia,
or Epsom salt, with a small proportion of carbonate of lime
and traces of bromine, iodine, and lithium. Further boring
into the salt bed would probably increase the saltness of
the water to the degree which would make it available as
a brine spring far salt works ; or if the boring wereoontinued
to the next subjacent formation—the permian—it is not

improbable that abundance of good water would be found,
but this stratum lies many hundred feet below the bottom
of the bore-hole,and could only be reached by the adoption of •
costly apparatus, and the expenditure of • considerable
amount of time and money. For the water which they so
mush need the Rugbians must now look elsewhere, proba-
bly to the Avon, to which they must, weshould think, have
a better right than the mill.owuers. Aa for the money ex-
pended, it is probably lost beyond recovery, unless some an
will buy the site, and continue the boring to that point at
which the water would become • brine spring. servioadale
for salt works ; or perhaps a spa might be instituted on the
spot, so Dr. Odling has reported that the water " would
doubt's= prove an efficient saline purgative, and the small
quantities of bromine, iodine, and lithium would enhance its
therapeutic qualities."

CARDINAL

PASTORAL.
--•---

Yesterday the Lenten pastoral of Cardinal Wise-
man was read in the Roman catholic churches and chapels
within the archdiocese of Westminster. The cardinal an-
nounces that he is going to Rome, to attend the great
gathering of bishops there :
" We take this earliest opportunity SODOOneing tO you
that we hare just received an invitatiou to assist at the
solemn canonisation of the martyrs of Japan, with whose
glorious history every catholic is acquainted, to be held by
his Holiness in the Vatican Basilica, on Whit-Sunday nest,
the Bth of June. The invitation to each cardinal is con-
sidered a gracious command, unless compliance with it be
grievously hindered. In like manner are the bishops of
Italy invited and expected to attend. But the Holy
Father has explained how serious, and perhaps insurmount-
able obstacles may be thrown in their way by their temporal
rulers, and therefore, to supply as far as possible for their
absence, and for the consequent diminution of splendour in
the function, he has invited all bishops on this aide of the
Al pe to join and surround him in Rome ea this great
and rare occasion. This reason makes our invitation
doubly a command, to be obeyed at the wet of even great
inconvenience. What then can we consider it now, that the
whole episcopate of France has been almost prohibited frets
applying for the leave required for akeenting themselves
from their dioceses? We have that double claim on us re-
doubled, that, if passible we may be bearers of the homage
and duty of our absent brethren thus straitened by a
policy to us merely unintelligible ; and, so far as is pond-
ble for us in our littleness, that we may compensate fix
the absence of that noble episcopate, inured to penecntion,
and able heroically to bear it."

Tha addrees ooncl odes with words of balsa:Sion, and is
followed by a dispensation' mitigating the rigours of the
ancient rules for fasting in Lent.

THE REPRESENTATION OP CANTERBURY.

A warm contest is expected for the seat vacated
by the Hon. H. Butler-Johnstone, and both parties ere
sanguine of success, though it is admitted that the last par-
liamentary register contains a preponderance of liberal
electors. The two candidates are Mr. H. A. Butler-John-
stone (son of the late member), quite a young man, not
more than twenty-two years of age, and Major Lyon, who
comes forward as a thorough liberal and practical reformer.
He declares himself to be a decided financial reformer.
He believes that the day and hour have arrived when the
people of this country will no longer endure to live under •
wsr taxation in a time of profound peace, and he promises to
use his utmest endeavours, should he be elected, to alter
and amend this state of things. He is also a legal re-
former,
our ecclesiastical as well as all other branches of
our legal code requiring, in his opinion, a full and com-
plete revision. He desires the entire abolition of
church rates, and he makes this deal:Aim, he
adds, as a friend, and net as an enemy to
the church of England. With respect to the franchise, the
major says he is prepared to give his support to any govern-
ment which will introduce • rate extension of it; and
although he desires to sit in parliament as an independent
man, he feels bound to declare that he knows of no public
man to whom the destinies of this great country can be so
safely entrusted;as to Lord Palmerston. Mr. ff. A. Butler-
Johnstone announces himself as a conservative : not a libe-
ral conservative, which he designates " honest rogues "—not
a tory, who is opposed to all progress because it involves a
change ; but he is a conservative, because he consklers the
present conservative party to be the most earnestly and
sincerely devoted to the true and permanent interests of this
country. Toryism he believes to be defunct, and the sp2nly
which it was 'unmated to he entirely departed from this
He will be prepared, he adds, always to support the govern-
ment in maintaining the honour of the British flag, and in
supporting British interests in every quarter of the globe.
lie is in favour of a compromise on the subject of church
rates, by the application of the surplus revenue in the
richer dioceses in the hands of the ecclesiastical commis-
sioners, to the purposes of the church rate, thus getting rid
of the rate in those dioceses, and gradually abolishing
church rates altogether. He is opposed to the new educa-
tion code, believing the old one to be far preferable.
Both candidates have addressed the electors,_ and are now
busy with their canvass. The nomination is lured for Wed-
nesday, and the polling on Thursday.

THE ALBERT MEMORIAL Ft/ED.—The total sum
received in aid of the memorial fuede to Saturday wee
nearly 37,0001. Among the print amounts received
during the last few days were 1001. m the Earl of Hard-
wicke, 100/. from the Marquis of Salisbury, 501. from the
Marquis of Londonderry, 50/. from Sir James Yorke Scar-
lett, K.C.8., 501. from the Earl of Gaiusborough, 251. from
Lord Claremont, 251. from Tolver Gerard, EN., 201. from
Archibald F. Arbuthnot, Fin.. 201. from J. Milnes Haskell,
Esq., M.P., 251. from the Right lion. Lady Macdonald,
25/. from Major-General E. Macarthur, 201. from the Right
Hon. Edward Korman, 251. from Lord Egertoo, 25/. from
Lord Hatherton, 25/. from Messrs. Crawford. Colvin, and
CO., and W. from Colonel Wilson Patten, M.Y.
Bianca.= or Vorana—The bill brought in by
Mr. Locke King sod Mr. Ker Berner provides that from
and after the last day of November in every year the
clerk of the peace of every county and the town clerk of
every city or borough shall, in addition to the list of voters
for each county, riding, or division of a county, and for
each city or borough, to be prepared by them as directed by
6 Victoria, chap. 18, secs. 47 and 48, *prepare an alphabetical
list of the names of such voters, with their proper numbers
ou the register, and append the same in small type to such
register.
THE PAROCHIAL ASSESSMENT ACR.—At the meet-
ing of the Marylebone Council oo Saturday a letter was
reed from Lord Fern.oy and Mr. Harvey Lewis, stating
that they had inquired of Mews. Villiers and Clive, whose
semen are at the back of the Parochial Assessments Bill,
the objection to independent parishes tieing brought under
the operatious of such act, and they believed that they
would be exempted. The select committee bad not been
moved for, and the members had little doubt but that the
bill would be sent up to it in a shape that would be satia-
te/Wei
_to their constituents nod the metropolis generally.
Mr. Hodges, in moving that the letter be entered upon the
miautea, pointed out were' objections to the measure as
being fraught with most serious consequences to the prin.
eipke al local self-government. The motion was seconded
sad carried.
THOMAR'S HOSPITAL—The inquiries into the
gaieties' of a site for this important building were referred
by the grand council of the hospital to a subroomtnittee,
eradotieg of the Treasurer, the almoner, Mr. William Tite,
M.P. ; the chairman of the Surrey magistrates, Mr. Jobe-
eon ; Mr. Vaughan, and Mr. Edgictoa, to examine and
report. The result of their inquiries is stated to be that
47 sites WlllO offered ;15 of them were examined by the
special commissioner, and reported upon by the surveyor,
and live of them 14 are left for speak: 1 consideration.
Should any decision be come to, it will have to be reported
to the (overtime of the hospital, end it wal be especially
(Hammed at a meeting of the whole body be be summoned
for that purpose.

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