The Press.
London, England, 1856-09-13 00:00:00

AMERICA.

Despatches to the 30th ult. state that the Army
Appropriation Bill was still pending. Both Senate
and representatives adhere to the position they have
taken upon the question.
A Conference Committee of the House, charged
with considering the disagreement with the Senate,
had dissolved, having been unable to come to any
conclusion ; consequently " the house adhered to
its own amendment, proposing to restrict the opera-
tions of the army, providing that no portion of the
money to be expended in Kansas shall be to enforce
t ie laws of the body calling itself the Territorial
legislature."
This resolution was carried by a majority of 101 to
97, and a motion to reconsider the vote was tabled by
a similar majority.
Four hundred workmen had been discharged from
the Government armoury by the Ordnance autho-
rities in consequence of the failure of Congress to
pass the Army Bill.
Governor lteeder had addressed an immense
meeting at New York upon the wrongs of Kansas.
Recapitulating the horrors and outrage of the last
two years, he declared that the miserable subjuga-
tion under which the free-soil people of Kansas
suffered was unequalled in the world. There was
nn security for the lives, liberty, or property, much
less for civil or political rights ; and unless some
effort were speedily made the whole territory would
be given to slave labour. This was a momentous
question; for if the Missourians succeeded in
making Kansas a slave State, what likelihood was
there that the whole of the territory between Kansas
and Mexico would be preserved for free labour ?
The vast stream of northern emigration would be
topped :

cisui shut the gates of the whole vast west, Kansas,
Deseret, and New Mexico to the north, and turn back this
human tide to throw itself upon the States of the north
and the north-west. If you deny this great territory to
the free labouring man, you see that to him the gates
shall be closed fur ever, and all of it dedicated to the
negro, and not to the white man. Have the labouring
men of the north considered the import of this question
to them—the drayman, the hodman, the mechanic, the
day labourer? Every man who earns his bread by the
sweat of his brow, or who, by the changes of fortune, may
be compelled to do so—every man who expects to leave a
posterity to find homes in this country, has a deep inte-
rest in it.
He appealed to the New Yorkers to help their free-
soil brethren in the struggle, and to preserve the
soil for free labour. This was to be done only by
" men and money ":

I say here that, unless men are raised and put upon the
soil of Kansas, supported, sustained, and fed there, she
will be lost. Men must be sent there—men who are
willing to defend themselves, able to defend themselves,
prepared to defend themselves, and determined to defend
themselves. We want no preponderance of men, for ex-
perience has shown that, when our people have met
Missourians in equal numbers, the contest is not doubtful.
The free•state men ask no odds of the invaders, but a free
field, if it must be settled in that way, and a fair and even
fight. Long, patiently, meekly, and forbearingly have
they suffered these wrongs, in the hope of avoiding this
violence ; but this contest of violence has been long on
one side ; and if it must be mutual it should be met as
men should meet it. The remedy is to put men on that
soil. The question is now presented to the people of the
north. When every wind from the west brings news of
battles, of slaughter, and of murder—when preparations
most extensive are going on in the border counties of
Missouri—when inflammatory appeals are distributed
over the border to secure accessions to their numbers—
when the army of the invaders is again marching against
your brethren in Kansas, who are standing up for your
cause as well as their own—fighting the battles of the
north and the west—of the free white labourers who are
perilling their all upon this issue—l say the question is
now presented to you, whether you will allow them to go
down in blood, or whether you will go and save them and
the cause you represent.
Walker's position in Nicaragua was eminently in-
secure.

THE GRAND DUKE CONSTANTINE at a recent recep-
tion at the palace of the Governor at Moscow, re-
ceived all those strangers who had been presented
to the Emperor. Among others, were the American
Minister and suite, with Colonel Colt, who was pre-
sented to the Grand Duke in full uniform, cocked
hat, plume of yellow cock's feathers, blue coat, large
gold epaulette, gold lace-striped trousers, sword, &c.
"Well," said the colonel, " you are the most demo-
cratic Grand Duke I ever met !" " How is that,
colonel ?" asked the Grand Duke. " Why, you shook
hands with me, and you are the first Grand Duke
that has done that yet," was the reply.

THE PRESS.

THE CORONATION OF THE EMPEROR OF

RUSSIA.
FURTHER details of the Emperor Alexander's entry
into Moscow have reached us this week. AU writers
agree that the procession was the most magnificent
in number, variety, and gorgeous effect that can be
conceived. The excitement in Moscow was immense.
About half a million of people were assembled on the
route, the line of procession was kept by picked
infantry regiments three deep, expectation was
great, the weather was fine, and at length,
about 3.30 p.m., after two or three false alarms,
the boom of the first gun was heard announcing
the Imperial departure from Petrovsky ; the
troops seized their arms and dressed up in line, tilt
four hundred church bells of Moscow rang out a
burst of chimes, and the crowd settled down " in an
attitude of profound expectation and repose." In a
few minutes the trumpet band of the Rifles of the
Guard commenced a wild alerte. Some moments
of suspense passed heavily, and at length the
vanguard of the procession appeared—a small party
of Gendarmes-it-Clieval, mounted on prancing war
horses, and closely followed by the Circassians

Who shall describe these warlike figures which come on
to their own music of clinking steel and jingling of armour?
They fill up the whole roadway with a flood of colour.
Such might have been the Crusaders, or rather such
might have been the Knights of Saladin, when the Cross
and the Crescent met in battle. Mounted on highbred,
spirited horses, which are covered with rich trappings of an
antique character, the escort of the Emperor comes by,
and calls us at once back to the days of Ivan the Terrible.
Their heads are covered with a fine chain armour—so fine,
indeed, that some of them wear it as a veil before their faces.
This mail falls over the neck and covers the back and
chest, and beneath it glisten rich doublets of yellow silk.
Some of the escort carry lances with bright pennons. All
are armed with antique carabines, pistols, and curved
swords. Their saddles are crusted with silver, and rich
scarfs and sashes decorate their waists. Their handsome
faces and slight sinewy frames indicate their origin.

Close behind the Circassian escort came the wild
Bashkirs and a squadron of the division of the Black
Sea Cossacks of the Guard, in large fiat black sheep-
skin caps, with red skull-pieces, long lances, the
shafts painted red, and the pennons coloured blue,
white, and red ; their jackets of scarlet; their horses
small, handsome, and full of spirit. A squadron of
the regiment of Cossacks of the Guard, in blue,
followed

Each squadron consists of about two hundred men, and
the men are by no means of that hairy, high-cheeked,
retrousse•nosed, and small•eyed kind identified in the
popular mind with their name ; and far different are they
from the long•coated, round•headed lancers on scraggy
ponies who so long kept watch and ward over us from
Canrobert's•hill. These Cossacks are well mounted and
well clad, and would afford to the stranger a very imperfect
notion of what the Cossacks are who plunder and burn in
the front of an advancing enemy, sweep away its supplies,
and hover round it to do anything but fight, unless at some
enormous vantage. Suggesting some strange likenesses
and comparisons, there follows after these four hundred
Cossacks a large body of the haute noblesse on horseback
and in uniform, two and two, headed by the Marshal of the
Nobility for the district of Moscow. Nearly all of these
nobles are in military uniforms; those who are not, wear
the old Russian boyard's dress, a tunic glistening with pre-
clout; stones, golden belts studded with diamonds, and
high caps with aigrettes of brilliants. On their breasts are
orders, stars, crosses, ribands, innumerable. Menschi-
koffs, Rostopchins, Galitzins, Woronzoffs, Gortachakoffa,
Strogonoffa, Cheremetioffs, Plata's, Tolstoys, and the
bearers of many another name unknown in Western
Europe before the last century, are there carrying whole
fortunes on their backs, the rulers and masters of millions
of their fellow-men.

Brilliant as those squadrons were, they were eclipsed
by the magnificent cavalcade of the conquered
Asiatics races:—

Bashkirs and Circassiana, Tcherkerea, Abaasians, in
coats of mail and aurcoata of fine chain armour, Calmucks,

Tartars of Kazan and the Crimea, Mingrelians, Kampa:
paks, Daghistanhis, Armenians, the people of Gouriel and
Georgia, the inhabitants of the borders of the Caspian,
Kurds, people of Astrakhan, Samoiedea, wild mountaineers
from distant ranges to which the speculations of even the
" Hertfordshire Incumbent" have never wandered,
Chinese from the. Siberian frontiers, Mongols, and strange
beings like Caliban in Court dress. Some of them had
their uncovered hair plaited curiously with gold coins;
others wore on the head only a small plate of precious
metal just over the forehead ; others sheepshin head•dresaes
studded with jewels ; old matchlocks that might have rung
on the battle-fields of Ivan Veliki, battle-aces, lances, and
scimitars and daggers of every form were borne by this
gaudy throng, whose mode of riding offered every possible
variety of the way in which a man can sit on a horse. Some
rode without stirrups, loose and graceful as the Greek war-
riors who live on the friezes of the Parthenon ; others sat
in a sort of legless armchair, with their knees drawn up
after the manner of sartorial equestrians. Every sort of
bit, bridle, saddle, and horse trapping which has been used
since horses were subjugated to man could be seen here.
Some of the saddle-cloths and holsters were of surpassing
richness and splendour. In the midst of all these cavaliers
two attracted particular notice. One was a majestic-
looking old Turk with an enormous beard and a towering
turban, whose garments were of such a rich material and
strange cut that one was reminded immediately of the

ATIIRDAY,

figure of the High Priest in Rtraihrandt's picture, or of
the old engravings of the Stilt,.at in old books of travel.
The other was a young depot from Gouriel, with cluster.
lug hair flowing down in cur,
'lts from beneath a small patch
of gold and jewels fixed.ur,4ly cr., the top of the head, whose face
and figure w strikt
handsonm, and who was dressed
ere
in a magnificent suit of blue velvet cramoi.i, flashing with
precious stones. lie was a veritable Eastern Antinous,
and was well 'matched with his beautiful horse. This
cavalcade of the " peuplades soumisea it la Russie " was
to strangers the most interesting part of the procession ;
but it Pasf.ed too quickly by for the eye to decompose its
ingredirats. What stories of the greatness and =qui&
oeuoe of Russia will those people take back to their remote
trib'es ! They went by bright, shifting, and indistinct as a
&team of the " Arabian Nights."
After these the grand officers of the Conrt in gilt
carriages, attended by chamberlains in all the para-
phernalia of their office, and followed by running
footmen in gorgeous liveries, pass in their turn, and
then—

A noise like distant thunder rolling along the streets
announces the approach of the Czar. But his presence is
grandly heralded. Immediately after the members of the
Council of the Empire the Grand Marshal of the Court
rides in an open phaeton, gilt like the rest ; but, bright as
Is he and all about him, there comes after that compared.
with the lustre of which he is as a mote in the sun. In
gilt casques of beautiful form and workmanship, sur-
mounted by crest eagles of silver or gold, in milk-white-
coats and gilded cuirasses and hackplates, approach tiler
giants of the first squadron of the Chevaliers Gerdes of
his Majesty the Emperor, each on a charger fit for w
commander in battle. These are the picked men of
60,000,000 of the human race, and in stature they cer-
tainly exceed any troops I have ever seen. All their
appointments are splendid, but it is said that they looked'
better in the days of the late Emperor, when they wore
white buckskins and jackboots, than they do now in their
long trousers. The squadron was probably two hundred.
strong, and the effect of the polished helmets, crests, and
armour was dazzling. Their officers could scarcely be
distinguished, except by their position and the extraordi-
nary beauty and training of some of their horses, which.
slowly beat time, as it were, with their hoofs to the strains
of the march. The first squadron of the Garde-it Cheval:
follows,----so bright, so fine, that one is puzzled to de3ide•
which, they or the chevaliers, are the bravest. But as we-
are debating the point the tremendous cheering of the-
people and the measured hurrahs of the soldiers, the-
doffed hats and the reverences of the crowd, the wiainw
of handkerchiefs, and the clash of presenting arms, warm
us that the " Czar of All the Russias, of the kingitum: of:
Poland, and of the Grand Duchy of Vinland, which twit
inseparable from them," is at hand, and Alexander Nina,-
laievitch is before us.

His Majesty is tall and well formed, although he does
not in stature, or in grandeur of person, come near to his
father. His face bears a resemblance to the portraits of
the Emperor Nicholas, but the worshippersef his deceased
Majesty declare that it is wanting in the wonderful power
of eye and dignity and intelligence of expression which
characterised the father. His Majesty is dressed in the
uniform of a general officer, and seems quite simply
attired, after all the splendour which has gone past. lle•
wears a burnished casque with a long plume of white,.
orange, and dark cock's feathers, a close fitting green.
tunic, with aiguillettes and orders, and red trousers, an&
he guides his charger—a perfect model of symmetry—with,
ease and gracefulness. His features are full of emotion.
as he returns with a military salute on all sides the mad
congratulations of his people, who really act as thoug'.ll
the Deity were incarnate before them. it is said that:
several times his eyes ran over with tears. To all he given
the same acknowledgment—raising his extended heed to
the side of his casqae, so that the forefinger rises vertically
by the rim in front of the ear.

The effect of the Emperor's presence was warred by
his suite closing around him instead of leaving hint
isolated. Among the crowd of Grand Dukes• reds
foreign princes who surrounded his Majesty,—

All search out the Grand Duke Constantine, whose keem
stern eyes are piercing each window as he rides along. AA
countenance with more iron will, resolution, and energy
stamped upon it, one rarely sees, and the Russians are not
unjustifiably proud of the ability and activity he displayed
when the allied squadron was expected at Cronstadt. His
features and form are cast in the ltc►manoff mould which
the portraits of Alexander soul Nickolas have made pretty
well known among us.
Next came the Empress Mother and the Empress
Regnant :
The Empress Alexandra Feodowna, whose appearance
excited the liveliest acclamations of the people, now passed
before us, her feeble frame sustained by the part she had
to play, so that she surprises those who know how weak
and suffering she is when they see her porte and tbe•
graceful and animated bearing with which she acknow•
ledges the oheers of the multitude. "Ah 1" say they who,
think of the old Court, " who would ever imagine that she,•
who was as a feather in the air suspended by a breath,
should live to see this day, and that heron Dieu—should
have died before her !" Her Majesty was right royally or
imperially attired, but how I cannot say. A cloud of light
drapery through which diamonds shone like stars floated
around her, and on her head was a tiara of brilliants. The
carriage in which she sat was a triumph of splendour—all.
gold and crimson velvet; and on the roof, which was com-
posed of similar materials, was the likeness of an Imperial
crown. The eight horses, which were attached to the
carriage by trappings and, cords of gold, were the most.
beautiful in the Imperial stables, and each was led with a•
golden bridle by a Palefrenier in grand livery. To hide
from her the coachmen's back, perforce turned towards
her Majesty's face, there was an array of little pages, who,

SEPT. 13, 1856.

sat outside the coach on the rail with their backs towards
the coachman's and their round visages vis.d•vis that of
the Empress. On the right of the carriage rode the Grand
Ecuyer; ou the left the Aide de-camp General attached to
the person of the Empress. An officer of the Imperial
stable rode before it, and four Cossacks of the Chamber
Sollowed the Ecuyer and the General. Behind the carriage
were six Pages of the Chamber, and two Palefreniers on
horseback. As the carriage passes amid the thunders of
ten thousand voices another vehicle, if possible more
magnificent, comes before us ; and again the hurrahs of
the troops and the people ring through the air. The
Empress Marie Alexaadrovna is seated in this carriage,
and by her side the little Grand Duke Vladimir Alexan-
drowitch, who is in full military uniform. Her Majesty
seemed much affected as she bowed to the right and left
and acknowledged the salutations of the people with
vivacity and impreAsemerif. The boy seemed to take it all
as a matter of course, and probably the archducal mind
VAS occupied by distracting thoughts of dinner. The
'equipment and attendance of the vehicle were the same
as those of the Empress Mother. And now a galaxy of
what are really " stage coaches," so richly gilt and deco.
rated are they, pass before ns. The first contains the
Grand Duchess Marie I'aulovna and Alexander Jose.
phorna ; the second the Grand Duchesses Alexandre
Petrovna and Helene Paulovna; the third the Grand
Duchesses Mario Nicolaevna and Catherine Michailovna ;
and the fourth her Imperial Highness the Princess of
Oldenburg. Another military spectacle closes up in the
rear of the last carriage.
For three hours the procession and the ceremony
Hof kissing the sacred images and accepting bread
and salt listed, amid the cheers and prayers of the
people. The Emperor rested in the Kremlin that
night. On the following day be retired to Petrovsky
till the 7th, when the coronation took place.

We have all heard of a " drosky," the national
carriage of Russia. An amusing description is given
by a correspondent of the pleasures of a drive :
If an " enlightened foreigner " on visiting England is
but half as perplexed and helpless as an Englishman in
:Russia, he ought to be an object of the profoundest sympathy
tl every one who possesses the smallest spark of humanity.
I cannot imagine any position much more appalling than a
seat is a drosky with a wild being before you who is abso•
late master of your fete, who does not understand or want
to understand yon, who goes on when you want to stop,
and obstinately insists on knocking at the most morose•
looking doors and on introducing you to a belacquered
lacquey gifted with an unknown tongue when you desire to
go on, who whirls you for miles through tortuous streets,
with gilded churches, all so like that you seem to
be constantly galloping past the same edifice, whose fares
are impossible and whose change is ridiculous, and whom
you cannot force to take you back to the place whence you
came when, choked with dust, starved, and hot, you faintly
strive, by pantomime worthy of Grimaldi, to signify that
you have abandoned your search after an invisible house,
and want to return to your Russian home. But the
position is not only morally but physically painful. No one
who has not tried the adaptability of short legs to the sides
of a dray horse can conceive how dolorous are the results
of the first drive in one of these ingenious vehicles,
whereon you sit stradilelegged behind the driver, whom
you are sometimes driven involuntary to embrace as he
whirls round a corner in his mad career. The seat
is about as pleasant as that on the back of an Irish
jaunting • ear with both sides removed. There are
droskies of another and more convenient form, but
the Russians always engage them, and the others remain
unused till the unwary stranger, yielding to the force
of circumstances and the sense of novelty, mounts,
and is lost for the day. In vain does he consult his
vocabulary. He can find out what is the Russian for " a
preserve where they keep live fish," or, " I trust, honoured
sir, that you possess excellent health," and many pleasant
phrases for shopping and for tea-drinking, but he will not
discover the smallest clue to the mystery of communicating
to the driver bis desire to "get down and have another
carriage." Should he artfully construct a compound sen-
tence, and with infinite pains give it utterance in speech,
the hairy ruler of his destinies for the day shakes Ins head
and shrugs his shoulders at the jargon addressed to him,
in which a few " schtch's " and " tchseh's " are left out
very probably, and, imagining it to be some remonstrance
on the score of speed, urges his horse at a flying gallop
over the wavy, wooden pavement. Such have been the
sufferings of the man who cannot speak Russian and who
cannot get a valet de place in St. Petersburg ; and they are,
if possible, aggravated in Moscow.

It must be admitted that the drosky drivers are
intelligent and obliging, but " nods and becks and
wreathed smiles " will not supply the place of the
vernacular, and Englishmen are so little used to
pantomime that they are, generally speaking, less
successful than their neighbours in the use of it.

TILE IMPERIAL GOVERNMENT OF Russu made 80
bad a speculation in their Moscow railway contract
that it is said some shyness is felt of foreign con.
tractors. Gossip from Moscow says that his Majesty
the Emperor, at a recent " presentation," put to an
eminent Belgian contractor the usual question—
whether this was his first visit to Russia, and what
had attracted him? On this occasion the Belgian
promptly answered that he came with a view to the
establishment o railways. "Ah !" said the Empe-
ror, " we want railways, but we must wait two or
three years yet." The same question was subse-
quently put by the Empress to the same individual,
and on receiving the same answer, her Majesty said,
" Yes, we want railways much ; but I fear the
country is too large for us to think of them."

THE PRESS.

RUSSIA AND THE TREATY OF PARIS.

Le Nord publishes the following account of a
diplomatic note which it asserts the Russian Govern-
ment has addressed in reply to Lord Clarendon's
complaint of the delay of the execution of the treaty
of Paris :
This note is an answer to another note which had been
addressed by the British Government to that of St. Peters-
burg, complaining of the delay which Russia, in its opinion,
apparently wished to cause in carrying out the engagements
it had contracted by the treaty of Paris.
Recapitulating all the gnefs of the Foreign•office,
Prince Gortschakoff analyses them in succession, and
refutes them with such lucidity, precision, and firm-
ness of language as must have proved to the Cabinet of
London that, although Russia wishes to keep up friendly
relations with England, she has no intention, for all that,
to use a colloquial expression, of letting her toes be
trodden on.

Prince Gortschakoff proves irrefutably that Russia, far
from carrying out with a bad grace the stipulations of the
treaty of peace, is, on the contrary, ready in every place
to fulfil her engagements to the very letter; proved, for the
rest, by her evacuation of Kass, performed with an obliging
promptitude and a good grace that even the journals of
Constantinople have been compelled to acknowledge.
As for the Isle of Serpents, Prince Gortschakoff declares
that Russia cannot concede to one of the powers that signed
the treaty of Paris the right of raising by herself alone,
and of her own mere motion, a question that cannot be
solved unless by all these powers at one and the same time,
as the Congress of Paris has clearly specified. Besides,
the demarcation of the new frontiers of Bessarabia has to
be performed, and is being performed by the commission
appointed for that purpose by the Congress of Paris ; and
as for what concerns the regulating of the navigation of the
Danube and the Russian frontier in Asia, the Russian
Commissioners have been long at their post, where they
meirely wait for the other delegates to arrive in order to
commence their task.

Such is in sum, leaving out the conclusive arguments and
the unanswerable facts quoted in illustration, the answer
with which the Emperor Alexander's Minister of Foreign
Affairs rebuts the accusation attempted to be foisted on
Russia by the British Cabinet with little apparent good faith,
in so unusual a manner, and so exceedingly ill-timed.