The Express.
London, England, 1863-02-06 00:00:00

OPENING OF PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF LORDS. —Taussosl, Fsa. 5.

The hones nenneabbld shortly before four o'clock, when
the galleries rernenedisg it IMO filled with pendia and
other ladies, among whom were the Ducheme of Cambridge
and the Princess Mary ; and in the body of the house was
• very large number of peers. Prams were read by the
Right Ern. Dr. Philpott, Bishop of WOnlinier, and as soon
as they were over his Royal Highnese the Primo* of Wales
entered the hoed at the Mr from the Princes Chamber.
mmeded by his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, the
Duke of Newcastle, the Duke of Aricrll, Earl Granville,
lord Kingdoms, Earl Spencer, Lord Edward Howard (De-
puty Earl Marshal, representing the infant Duke of Nor-
folk), the Earl of Derby, Lord Willoughby d'Eneby (the
Lord Gnat Chamberlain), Sir Awned' Clifford, sad Sir
Chula Young (Garter King at Alma). The peers in the
proonsion won their scarlet robes and ermine. The pro-
cession advanced to the woolsack, where the Prbsoe of
Wales presented his patent to the Lord High Chancellor
(Lord Westbury), who gave it lo the reading clerk (Mr.
moods), who took it to the table and read it ; after
which his Royal Highness was swore in and signed the roll
of peers. His Royal Higheass repeated the words of the
oath after Sir J. G. Shaw Lefevre in a distinct and audible
voice. The liore•Si of the Prime was borne by • gentleman
the Wisdom uniform on as embroidendcrimson cushion.
The procession searched round the haw and up to the
chair set suet as the right of the throes for the Prince of
Wales' Beronjaitanees took his lest therealurid put
on his bat, and y afterwards his Royal en rose
from his seat, bowed to the assembled peers, left the
house, which was adjourned by the Lord Chancellor during
pleasure. His Royal Highness wore the scarlet ad ermine
robes of • duke over the uniform of a generaljin the army,
end le also wore the Star, George, and ribbon of the Order
of the Garter.
The Archbishop of Curimustrßy and the Archbishop of
TORE also took the oaths and the seats on the front epis-
copal bench.
At five o'clock the LORD CRANCRLLOR again entered the
hoses, and took his seat on the woolsack. The Earl of
Dudley, in the uniform of colonel of a yeomanry regiment,
end the Earl of Granard, the mover and seconder of the
address, took their seats behind the front ministerial bench.
The Duke of Cambridge and the Prince of Wales re-entered
the hones and took their seats on the front cross bench, and
were shortly afterwards joined by the Earl Beauchamp.
The house was very full, and presented a most animated
apposisooß

At a quarter part fire o'clock, after the Lad Chaooallor
bad 'pia read the royal speech,
- - - -

Earl DUDLEY, in moving an address in reply to the
sprach from the throne, congratulated the house and the
eountry epee the approaching marriage of the heir appa-
rent with a princess of the house of Denmark, and indulged
in • highly laudatory strain on the foreign. policy of Mae
less, and the principle of non.interventiou in the American
quarreL The offer of the crown of Greece to Prince Alfred
was a flattering compliment alike to the royal family, to
the genius of our institutions, and the character of the
coustry ; but the government had done wisely and well is
deelioing ita acceptance. The noble earl also spoke sympa-
thetically with the sufferings of the people in the manufee-
raring districts, and in terms of just admiration of their
conduct in the midst of severe privations, whilst he offered
a tribute of prise to the noble exertions made by the public
for the alleviation of the wide-spread distress.
The address having been seconded by the Earl of Glak.
NARA,
The Eel of DERBY opened his speech with • feeling
allusion to the different circumstances under which pub'.
meat had met this year and last. Then, referring to the
contemplated marriage of the niece of Wales, the noble
earl eulogised the courteous bearing, affable manner, tact,
judgment, and discretion of his royal highness, and I
observed that he had no better wish for his royal
highness than that the princess he had selected
to share his exalted position might partake of a hap-
as unalloyed as that which had been (s-
-hy his august mother, end God grant that it might
mac lasting. Turning to the conflict between the
Northern and Southern states of America, the noble earl said
—I have no fault to find, I have no objection to the course
which her Majesty's government has purred with regard
to the war which is now denekeing the United
States. I may regret, indeed, that her Majesty's
government did not feel themselves justified in join-
ing in an attempt, however hopeless that attempt might
appear, to which they were invited by the sovereign of
France, not to put an end to the war, bus to endeavour by
good offices to bring about such an mistioe as might lead
the two contending parties themselves to reflect on the
miseries and hopelessness of the struggle in which they are
engaged. I soy it is a matter of regret that her Majesty's
government did not think themselves justified in acceding
to the wadies of the Emperor of the French and off
their good offices. But before I censure the coarse i
by her Majesty's government, I think it fair to my they
were is • much better position than lam to form a judg-
meet as to whether there was the possibility of the seem
of any interference on their part, or whether rod" an it
would merely have added to the bitterer' el de
strife. On that subject it was seeeesery that her Magisigfe
government should rely upon the Wormhole they nedrai
from her Majesty's minister in the United States. Thin-
fore I make no objection, although I my I regret that ere
attempt was made to reconcile the two contending pude".
I assume that, previous to an attempt at mediation, the
parties who offer mediation should agree upon the terms,
or at all ends upon the principles, on which that media-
tions should be offered. But, if I know anything of the '
Rate of the relative feeling of the North and the South,
this question between them is not • question of
degree, but it is • question of fundamental prin-
ciples, between which there can be ao stediatim,
because it is • question on the are tide of
continuing the union, and a giiestioo on the other side of
separation • and if principles be laid down, it is mosseary
to establish whether you proceed on the principle of
sseeppar-
ration or of maintenance of the union. This diliculty
siesta you in the outset. Much has been mid by many
friends of mine, personal friends and politest friends, for
whose opinion I entertain the highest respect, that the time
has arrived when it is desirable that we should recognise
the Southern States. Now on that subject, Tweeds( as I
do my difference of opinion with several of. my personal and
politied triode, I moue Left say said to the conchae*
that the time has breed when it would be wise or peaks to
take that step. I know only of two oirosaidences under
which recognition can possibly take place by swami (evers-
ion ts. The first of these circumstances is were, although
the state from which • revolt has is plum has not
acquimeed in it as • fait acempli, yet, in poist
el fact, the war is at an sod, and there
is so struggle going on. That was the ass with
the states of South America in their revolt from
Spain. For a long period before they were recognised
Spain had ceased to take any active steps to bring them
under her dominion. She did not indeed recognise their
indepeedeooe, but their independence wee recognised by us,
inasmuch am practically the struggle for sailepeodemis was
at an end. There is soother case in which no doubt recog-
nition may be resorted to, and that is Ms case where, in
the interests of humanity, other nations determine that •
desolating warfare shall no longer be continued. But in
that case recognition is always followed
Independence is re-
c▪
ognised. Such a case occurred with regard to Belgium in
its separation from Holland; and in regard to Greece in ita
seventies: from Turkey. Where the horrors of war are
so great that in the interest of humanity they
should be put an end to, other countries may fairly and
legitimately interfere, but they must be prepared to go a
step further, and maintain the independence of the country
in whose behalf they interfere. Now I cannot but think
that this consideration has not been sufficiently weighed by
those anxious leanr recognition of the South. My conviction
is Moog that, come what may the reconstruction of the
mica of the United Steles, as it formerly stood, is absolutely
impossible. I believe that at first the feeling°, this country
was strongly in favour of the North, and rbeimne it was
the impression that the North would have no difficulty in
overrunning and sulxiiiing the South; but even at that
early period, it was clear that if they succeeded in sub-
duing the South their difficulties would only then commence,
because it was impossible, where such foothills had been ex-
cited and such deep injuries had been indicted on the one
side and the other, that any cordial recomilemat or union
could ever %aka place between rases. If that
were the oar • year ago, how much stronger
is the conviction now, when week by week, day by day, sod
hoar by hour, the struggle becomes mere desperate, and it
becomes more apparent that neither party can obtain •
decisive advantage over the other, the one acting on the
defensive having practically the best of it, and
that the oratineeme of the wee is the oontinu-
awe of the most dreadful slaughter and the most horrible
carnage, accompanied by an increased Whereas of
feeling. accompanied on both sides, if we may boilers
the South, with aggravated atrocities and additional
bermes to them which must always accompany
civil war? la this state of things it is my firm conviction
that there is ao passibility of re-esteblishiog the uulou be-
tween the North sad the South. At the same time we
must recollect that the struggle is going cc, and that the
whole of the elabeard of the South ■ in the poneerke of
the North. This being the case, it is impossible to my
that the struggle lea ceased so as to admit of one practical
recognition, even if we did not mean to go further.
And I do not think that those who advocate re-
cognition
are prepared at the mien time to
my that we should interfere by force of arms,
and to inert on laying down our own teems as the terms on
which separation shall take place. Therefore, I approve
coo tin whole of the coarse pursued by he Majesty-s govern.
meat on this 'abject and of that neutrality which they
bare practically carried out to the fullest extent, in accord-
ance with their own prolamine. There is soothe: point.
The Debits earl proceeded to observe that the war in America
had • serious bearing upon the industry, happiness, and
=city of this country—be meant the cotton famine.
the existent.* of the distress in the mirth the libe-
rality of the oseatry had bees unbounded, but he wee afraid
that the further coetineme of that liberality could not be
twith. Tres, there wee at ;meet a slight dimi-
she member of mimes ranking relief, but be
hared thee that was only of • temporary. character. The
"Mho earl ales 'kneed se the Midge tepee alluded to
the Qrage's dee* end. referrieg to the gapers already pro.
is
dosed on tie Sehleswig-Hobeete goodies, remarked that.
se terse they west, they did not amble him to congratulate
Nereige geonstery epos susemi of hie diplomacy.
The sib am
id my*, (tcoohe lissmsie LoudAssiy) bed