The Express.
London, England, 1855-12-29 00:00:00

ripe expreolo.

TO OORRISPONDIXTO.
atiltio Weeded iat "me Iftyrimegatides ig Ism
ma lo ai tiro Mo. 111. llesvieboaussi. by Two Visa es tbio
day a yalisitkir

ZION WATHI AT LONDON BIUDON.
Tii• DAT—NNWo SI. 41. Atisinesa. ft. to.
To.accasw—mw•bg. Ilk. 1112..........Attau55e. ft. 4le.

LONDON, SATURDAY, Ddb 90•

Ws published yesterday a translation dsiamout,
'dramatis an Europese Congress us the best mesas
of restoring pone, which appears te have Siattesed
all the epidemics of Paris. It bee bees attributed to
"high inspiration." M. DILOVYN DE Laura, 11.
MALZWIIII. M. donor, the EMPIIOI himself, ham
all ben hinted at us having had a finger in the pie.
WIN we disposed to attribute this psigieedos to any
anther, more or less infloontia/, we Amid rather
pros at M. STLYESTRI DZ SACS as the pleasidler,
end a sustain meddling Princes se the high hasp'.
ratios," than any of the parties who have been
eased. Its leanings are Russian, and its language
that of a writer familiar with the general ton of
the journals of Weston Europe. But we vehe-
mently suspect that it will ultimately tam oat that it
is the prods:don of some namelees pamphleteer, sad
that all this guessing at authors is a mere trick of the
trade played off by a paling publisher.
The peaces for the hostilities seder which Europe
in labouring, reemonsaded in the pamphlet, is •
Geseral Congress—that is, a Caesium of Europe's
Sovereigns. Now, freshly spikier, Europe hoe
already had more than enough of such Congresses.
They have each and all of them proved to be no-
thiog man than conspiracies of Legs against their
@Okay, is which the gnat Powers sought at the
same time to trick the small ones. Their adjestments
sibs affairs of Europe have proved sad rickety and
eplarmevul affairs : men are sick of the very name, and
west to hear no more of them.
Who are to compose the Congress P By what
preens are they to bring their deliberations to a
poetical denims ? Are all the Sovereigns of B•.
rope to be represented in it ? Is each to have one
vote, or is this privilege to be reserved for the load-
ing Powers, while batches of the minors club toga
then to make up one vote? Or are all to have • mil.
tiplicity of votes, the number allotted to esoh being
in proportion to that of their subjects, us is the ease
with the sloveholding States in the North Antrim
UM= ; or in proportion to their wealth, real or pre-
mised, as is the case in some of oar own vestries and
*lslet-stock companies? Are the members of the
Gomm to be bound by the vote of a simple maielity ?
or is an absolute majority to be required P
Two things are certain: That say denies co
Europese affairs arrived at by such a Omen, to
which England is not a party, will be a mere empty
form of words; and that the English people will not
allow their Government to bind itself by the deci-
sion of such a Congress. There an five Govern-
ments engaged in the war: Russia on the on aide;
Francs, England, Sardinia, and Turkey on the other.
Three of these are first-clue Powers, two sersoodery ;
Ist us assume that England, Franco, and Russia are
seek to have one vote; Sardinia and Turkey one
between them. Again, Austria and Freesia, es first-
elms Powers, will lay claim to one vote each; and
the Scandinavian States, Holland, Belgian", the Italian
States (Sardinia excepted), Switzerland, and all the
patty Kings and Grand Dukes of Germany, will be
fix having aliquot parts of votes. Austria and
Prussia, there can be no doubt, would take part with
Russia on all questions of moment. There would,
therefore, be three votes on the side of naiad bide-
pindsoce against three votes on the side of sengllag
and aggressive Russia: and the equally bileneed
male would be turned by the composite vein dee
remaining Powers—most of whom are hopsinsly
subjected to Russian influence. Any Beall& Mi-
nister who should propose that England ellesid
consent to hold itself bound by the dead= et a
tribunal so composed, would have to Wietbelesegd
• storm of popular indignation and execration time
pared with which that which broke over the de-
voted head of poor Lord JOHN Roseau. when he
returned from Vienna was a gentle, caressing
bream.

England's acesseion to the projected Confess is
out of the question. That France, Sardinia, or
Turkey could be brought to acquiesce in it, appears
to be beyond the range of possibility. For Turkey
to do so would be to sign her own sentence of erasure
from the list of asthma. For Sardinia to do so would
be to deliver herself up, bound hand and foot, to the
tender anise of Austria and the Court of Rome.
For the Emperor of the Elenau to do so would be
to seek, like his uncle, to be adopted into the bro.
thsehood of the old "legitimate" despotisms; and, like
his uncle, to be betrayed and trampled down by them
on the first convenient opportunity. But even sup-
pose these our Allies were to be our-persuaded to
leave us in the lurch, and take part with this
precious Compress. England's position would not be
thereby altered for the worse in the slightest degree.
England has entered into the war for the purpose of
sessrtiog the independence and integrity of the
Ottoman Empire. The object of England in cam-
seating the straggle, woe cot only to rescue Turkey
from the grasp of Rusk, bat to establish, as a recog-
nised principle of the European law of nations, that
hanseforth no European state shall be allowed to
exercise sovereign rights within the territory of
another, or to deprive another of part of its territory
by unprovoked armed aggression. To obtain the
resogaition of this principle England has been
ender the neesssity of reeogaising the status
gee of European Oovernments as legitimate.
She Ism been obliged to act in conout—sot
only with the French people, with whom her
Gordis! sinews is indisooloble—bet with a French
valor, whose mean of attaining to aspire, sad whose
domestic policy view he attained to it, she asset
approve; and she has bees obliged to keep on terms
of civility with the indescribable Cioverastent of
Austria. The secession of her pascal Allies to the
pojested Coigns would relieve England from the
estaeglement of such coonexions. leolated from the
moos:she of Europe, she would regain the confidence
of all *lasses of Liberals throughout Europe. Our prin.
siple of adios is to make the meet en all .s"i"ns d
existing circumstances, with a view to proessio
the pleat cease of Liberty sad Progressicii
Improvement. To this end we have from the be-
ginning earnestly and unwaveringly supported the
policy which the public opinion of England fanged on
her ruler., with regard to the present war. We are
still prepared resolutely and loyally to penile the
mime soon', us long as oar Anise matinee to so-
operate with as in good faith. Bat if they flail
the policy of Eagisad must be adapted to the altered
siestawassess in which she will then be Owed; and
la advocating the adoption of a bolder, more moor
prestieing. and more ludependset liberal policy by
ear rulers, we ass confident that we shall have the
approbation and support of the people of Ragland.
We dross sot se a war carried ea by tbs banded
Penis et lamps against us; the boldest sad out

hmeterate d thus will shrink boo the idea dame-
fag Begiaad. But we him thid 7 issibialha
of the Bereprait Powers from wide ig i atall
stand aloof will sooderata tie 1161181141111111111111
then sad their 'objects—whisk sue
day—aad will Mien England from
amenity of winking at, and •wads; te
*sir oppression,.

. `~.-L

•
_
THE NEW LAW FOR THE INSPECTION OF
COAL MINES IN GREAT BRITAIN.

The Aot poised in the last magas of Parliament,
"To Ass ad the Law for the Inspeotim of Om&
/liege is Great Britain." and " with a new to the
misty of the persons employed In sub mines," will
come iato °peados ea lhaday next, the Slot het.
It a=jm hest imperteat provisions, with which
all owners. occupiers, and spats should be
*meg y acquainted. The appointment or re-
moval of an inspector or inspectogs of opal Mass is,
by the new AP, vested is "one of her
Majesty's Principal Secretaries of Staten" and
it Is ordered that "se puma who lima set or
practise as a lend Vs or GS a Mawr, viewer,
or agent, or salaing or Weer of mime. or
arbitrator la say melees of
se:net between
omen of miase, or be la any
coal mine or colliery, shall act as an inewegistof coal
raises ender this Act."
The following "awl rules are required to be ob-
served in every coal Wee sad colliery by the owner
and agent thereof :
" 1. An adequate mom! of ventilation shall be
asosteatly prodeoed at all collieries, to dilate and
Nair bermlus noxious gases, to much an extent se
that the working plugs of the pits and lush of such
eillieries shall, under ordinary cireametearee, be is a
It deft for working. 2. Every shaft Sr pit
mil* is oat of we, or tined only as
es silt pit, shall be severely fenced. only
welime Ind parging pit se shalt shall be properly
hossi who oat at Ma. 4. Every working sad
peogin pit or shaft, whom the astute& .teats, ander
maim eireemetames, see net ash, 'babe securely
mesa eit lined. I. Remy main pit oft skit shah
be poviiied with sem mover moms el *sailing
' from es bottom a thi drat to the parties, and from
the sedges to the bottom d the shaft. 6. A proper
Whaler, to show the piths of the load to the pit
or shaft, and also an themes break, shall be attached
to every machine, wiliest by steam or water power,
used for lowering et searablz persons. 7. Every
etemboiler shill be with a proper steam-
page, water-gauge, selstpealve."
In addition to the above general rales,spesiel roles
are to be established sad observed in seek @oiliery,
with the approval of the Segotetery of State, al for the
Naha and guide's* of the poem astlag ia the
meempuset of sash coal mho or slimy. and el all
poises sopisyed ia or obese the ISOM r mist the
potholer state mil desomelooese of seised mine,
or eall bey. may appear bed seiselatsd to 'pretest
at. ; sad sash spiel rales /sr meth
V= or colliery, shall be limed by the owner
thereof, and forthwith tosialttal ts one of her
lbjesty's principal ilemetnehe of Sate; sad each
Wee, if not objected to by me fkaretery of State
within forty days from the day
_upon whieh
they are received by him, shall be seta-
Wished." There are farther chases in the
est asking it lawful for any owner of a coal
fie er eolliery, or for the Besretary of State,
rpesp bom time to time any amendments of
Nash mins requiring the owner of each coal mine,
or colliery. to cause the general rules and the special
sehetsielisii need oa a board, or printed upon paper,
le he thereon; tomes such board to be ham
IN ea pets coospiemes part of the principal
dies or ghee of helium of the coal mina or colliery;
sad to came to beenppled to all persons employed
in a coal mine, or colliery, a copy of such general
sod special
.roles. The clause as to penalties for
limes 'past this act are so important to colliery
owners, occupiers, and agents, that we give leisure :
If, after the Slit Lay of Desseaber, 1836, any coal Rim
ar colry be worked, d through tho of the mast
thereof special miss sahare ail Mans established be
tie sane, metthyt IS tie providem el this see, et the p
meal rates, or the speed meats, sash esal Moe er estuary,
by this .at required to be established, have wet bora hung
up or Alma, or hate tot, after *Mention or deerwitiom
beta reamed or missed as required by this aM. se eel at
each parent miss or special rules which aught le be ob-
served by the maw and primeval arms or viewers et milt
coal Wm or eseisey, be asolemed se wQkPy eleislei. by
say swell ellsee, meet. se lame, web shall be liable
Wpeep, el esseessedbg tee sad aim la ass
WIWI et Mb* be not remedied with all reessatible
.
esseee g— ribinalliee ha writing lbsesstgivea by en impose
liWryest tie sent nal el seal mine et edam to a
tesehar welly el noe monodies ens peas& be molly day
dues whisk Ile areas esedause ohm siere mese ; and
mom pima ether thee adansuld employed to or atom a
seal Was ea mitisny who sets et wilfully ',WWII uay
of the @pedal rule minhibbei Mr sash goal aim or miliery
shell for every sash dim be lads is a rooky not ow.
maim two powedson Is be impeksesd, with or without
heed Lebow, in theories...rim Wass of correece for
my period not exceeding Mess selesdas meths, or to be
promoded maim s.d punished aseeding to the provisions
of the est 415 Oes. IV., a 84, intituled As act to mimeo
tie pemsr et *aim to determining temptable between
nrastees wad sensate
The pomades may be recovered in a summary
maser -before two justices of the peace, or, in Boot.
WI. before the sheriff having iurisdiodon in the
peaty or plea where the offence isoomositted. Is-
reports ere to be laid before parliameat, and
new law shall continue until the expiration of
five years after the passing of the act.
We understand that at most of the collieries io the
Worth of England, in Staffordshire, and those in
North and South Wales, prompt attention is being
aid to the requirements of the sot, in providing
seam-preesore gauges, water-gauges, and safety.
taw. The excitement with reference to its possible
or probable operation is very great. The work-
ing of a law which promises to diminish the number
of fatal accidents, bet which at the same time admits
of such an extent of government interference, will
require close watching.