The Express.
London, England, 1864-12-31 00:00:00

RDAY EVENING, DECE

JA V.
—mswohns whose work is dais. With our
own Wielded traveller and illionotor, Captain
Sr's.", we may remember Juuts GENII), who had
his own merits as an African traveller. In litera-
ture we have lost not only veterans, like WALTER
SAVAGE LANDOR, the lonely survivor of • classic
age, and the poor poet CLARE, end ALLRIC
Wsne, who oame into view with the almost for-
gotten Annuals, and Loci AMIN, who wrote his-
torical memoirs before the new birth of history, and
CATHIRLNE SINCLAIR, now SO much better known
bytter social benefactions than by her novels, and
F. E. SMEDLEY and T. COLLET GRATTAN, who gave
ns novels and essays and social sketches,—but
some from whom we hoped to hear much wit and
wisdom yet. ADELAIDi A. rewrita is gone, and
NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE, whose pnius;has been (and
let us hope will be) a tie between his own country
and ours. Colonel TORRINS and M'Cuuoca,
busy men in the early days of political economy,
have died out in • good old age. GEORG/ Demi!.
and Ciusian Wilisros, antiquarian in their
respective ways ; Mr. Dux; of the Athencrum,
Professor Pturirs, the great promoter of Educe,-
' tion in his day, and Nassau W. SENIOR, known
and regretted as Professor, Economist, administra-
tor, lawyer, essayist, have left us during the year.
Among the artists the ravage has been great. Of
actors we have lost FRIMERICE ROBSON and the gal-
lant veteran T. P. Coosa. In music, lizvsnaaa• is
the world's lou, in which we share. Poor BENNIS,
the sculptor, in leaving his life of trouble, recalled
many memories of old achievements. Of painters,
WO have lost DYCE and W. H. HUNT, DAVID
Roman, with his beloved desert and old temples,
and LANCE, with his fruit and flowers ; the digni-
fied President of the Scottish Academy, Sir JORN
WArsoN GORDON, and our dear familiar friend and
most loveable censor, Jolts Luca. It is • long list
of bereavements—of losses irreparable to our-
selves. We can only hope that among the thousands
new-born within the year there may be some en-
dowed with • genius and loroe of character which
shall make them to a future generation what those
whom we have lost have been to us.

The year which began in anxiety and apprehen-
sion ends in peace and apparent security. It has
been darkened by the triumph of wrong and the
spread and deepening of war in both hemispheres.
We have arrived at the resolution not to interfere
in the affeirs of foreign nations. There remains
for us the duty of so amending our laws and our
procedure as that we may save our honour from
the imputation of our neutrality being war in dis-
guise, and spare our children any war that
could arise hereafter from the rankling of present
offences. This is our immediate duty, and it is a
very pressing one.

gbe Court.

0313011 NE, Dic. 30.

The Queen, with Princess Helens, drove out
yesterday. Lieutenant-Colonel Du Plat vrr in attendance.
Princess Louise also took a dries.

The Duke of Devonahire and Lady Louisa Caven-
dish left Chatsworth a few days ago for Holkar Hall, near
Mfinthorp. Before leaving the priooely seat in Derbyshire
ample provision was made by his gram for the poor on his
neighbouring property. In order to give good cheer to
the needy, four of his finest cattle were killed for distri•
fixation.

The Duke and Duchene of Northumberland
within the last taa days have made ample provision for
the poor on their estates in Northumberland and Yorkshire.
As customary, the poor in Newcastle have participated
largely in the benevolence of tM aoble duke and duchess.
The Duke of Rutland haa caused a largo quantity
of warm clothing to be dist' ibuted to the poor on his estates
in Leicestershire and Liooolashire, and also an abundance
of good old English cheer to his labourers and their families
in the vicinity of Belvoir.

His Excellency the Prussian ambassador and the
Countess Eternatorff return to the Premiss embassy to-day
from visiting Frames Coaster Waidegrave and the
Right Hon. Chichester Forteeeue, ALP., at Strawberry
Hill, Twickenham.

The Right Hon. Sir George Grey, Bait, M.P.,
will return to town early in the wain` week Item a tour
of visite in the went at England.

The Right Hon. B. Disraeli and Mrs. Disraeli
have retuned to Hugheadea Haaor from Hatfield Houma.

The Duke and Duchess de Persigny, says the
Nord, " have been at Chamarande Mime the 24th, and have
there kept Christmas in the Eoglish fashion."
Tito demand for Lord Derby's translation of
" Homer" is so great (says the Prat) that Tory few of the
booksellers ma get supplied.

_ ..
Mr. W. W. Beach, M. P., will deliver s lecture
on "Napoleon Bonaparte," iu ooenexion with the Aldershot
Literary Institute, on Friday mains, Jan. 13. Lieatsesat•
Getters! Sir J. L Peasefatber, H.C.8., commanding the
division at Aldershot, is expected to preside.

The anniversary meeting of the Anthropological
Society will be held on Tuesday next week, when officers
for the year will be elected, and the president will deliver
his annual address.

The Royal Horticultural Society has announced
the intention of having a show of dowers and a promenade
every Saturday throughout the year, which will be coo.
tinned till the Wednesday following. The band of the
Life Guards will 'Wood on Saturdays and Mondays. The
first weekly show is on Saturday, the 6th of J►nuary. The I
special fewer selected is the Chums primrose, but other
flowers may be sent.
The executors of the late Mr. David Roberts
intend to have an exhibition of all his drawings, to be open
is Loudon, we believe gratuitously, early in the spring.
The will of the late Mr. Edward Yates, of 30,
I Compton.terrace, Islington, has been proved. His per.
sonal property is sworn under 60.0001. The executors are
Mrs. Yates, of the same resideoce, mother of the testator ;
sad Dr. C. J. Hare, of Brook•street. After some legacies
to Mrs. Yates and other relatives, so much of the property
as may legally be applied to charitable purposes is left to
University College, London, in trust, to apply one moiety
of the annual booms thereof to the general purposes of
the North London Hospital, monected with that college,
and the other moiety to the Samaritan Food for the relief
of poor patients. The residue of personal property is loft
to Dr. Hare.

The obituary of the week includes the name of
Adolphus Berusys, Doctor of Philosophy, sod late Pro-
fesior of German Literature at King's College.

M. Gounod'e next music for Paris ia, we are
told, to be that illustrating M. Legoure's drama, Lu Dcux
Reines de Prance, in which the printipa: part is to be
played, at the Thititre Lyricue, in French, by Madame
Ristori

Mdlle. A. Patti has pleased her Italian public iu
Paris as Linda di Cbarnonay. in Donizatt's opera. She is
nest to sing in Bellini's Pu neon i.

La Gaze Um Musicale announcer that neither
Madame Nantier,Didiki nor Signor Tamberlik will appear
at the Royal Italian Opera this season ; that an English
User, " Tom Mohler," ban made some expression at Flo.
NOM; that an oratorio-cantata by Handel. till now un-
known, has been discovered at Elbing ; that Herr Wurat's
new opera, The Star of Toren, has aneceeded at Berlin;
that Signor Gold'. of Florence, whose palliation!' bid fair
to become so many score Elsavirs, is &boat to briog out as
edition of Maestro Facois Sin/onus !Matt; that a new
ballet, of the utmost brilliancy, Koniek Gorhounoi, for
Moarsvieff, with mimic by Signer Nisi, has been
prensistad at St. Petarsburg ; and that a new theatre is
to be built for the refreshment " of mob la Purgatory,"
at Yrkontek, in Siberia.

' Ira Aldridge, the African tragedian, in on the
point of concluding hie tour in Ruda, where he has met
with groat MOON& For some time be has been starring in
the provisoes when the Russian translation of Shakes-
peare is used, Aldridge, of opines, playing in English, and
accounts have occasionally appeared in the papers of the
enthusiasm be has excited. The nobility of Tainboff have
just presented him with a silver tea wake and several
other valuable articles.

MBE
LATEST INTELLIUENCS.

THE PAPAL ENCYCLICAL AND THE
AUSTRIAN PRESS.

The tone of the Austrian journals shows that the
impression produced by the papal Encyclical is as
unfavourable in the Austrian empire as in France.
The New Free Press of Vienna describes it as
directed against the entire civilisation of our epoch.
This journal, regarding it as an interference of the
Pope with secular affairs, contends that catholics
are free to condemn it. " The bitter con-
test," it says, " which exists in the church
between the Jesuits and the liberal catho-
lic. has not yet come to an open rupture,
because Rome has constantly found means of pre-
venting it. This bull will revive all the old fierce-
ness, and God only knows if the court of Rome
has still the power of hiding from the outer world
the internal antagonism which disturbs it. The
liberal section of the upper and lower clergy in
France, Germany, Austria, -and Italy constitutes
the vital element of the church. It is upon it
alone that the church must rest if the great process
of this century, the renovation of the Papal do-
mination, is to be accomplished in peace, without
convulsions or catastrophes."
The Pressed Vienna has the following :

We shell confine ourselves to remarking that, besides the
concarrecoe of the State in religious affairs, besides the
separation of the Chan* and the Stater, besides the equality
of right' for all confusions, the Foeydisl aaathematises
the principle of non-interventiou. W. shall further again
observe that all possibility of a reconciliation between Roses
and progras, liberalism, and modern civilisation is njortal
in the most categorical manner ; and it is this point, we
believe, which gives practiail importance to this pontifical
manifestation. We there see a reply to the Franco-
Italian Convention of the 15th of September—
s rejection the mat decided. France sad Italy,
in particular, are abused in this Encyclioal. If France
really intends to execute the convention of the 15th of
September, those attacks of the court of Rome are cer-
tainly not of • Beaus to modify He sentimeote. If France
takes up the glove we have no doubts to who will triumph
in the end, and the court of Rome would deceive itself if
it hoped to find eatery in the principle of non•interventioo.
Our epoch appears scarcely disposed to carry on religion..
111111111.

ITALY.
PRINCE HUMBERT AND CARDINAL
D'ANDREA.

The Corriere Mercantile of Genoa gives the sub.
joined details of what took place at the interview
between Prince Humbert and Cardinal d'Andrea :
We are smeared that in their conversation all the pending
political questions were spoken of. His emineoos showed
himself very accommodating on almost all the points ; he
would, according to what we hear, want the proposition of
making Rome • neutral city, but forming • Fart of the
kingdom of Italy, without, however. being the capital end
seat of government. It would be a kind of Italian Frank-
fort. His animate moot comprehend how all the diffi-
culties could be solved which would aria' from the con-
tinual contest of the Hood of Rome with the kingdom of
Victor Emmanuel, in case the King and the Pope should be
obliged to live in the same city. In that particular the
cardinal is not perhaps wrong, as most persons believe that
the difficulties of the position would precisely commence
when the Winn government should succeed in occupying
Rome.

SPAIN.

A Madrid letter has the subjoined :

The oonflict between Spain and Peru threatens to acquire
considerable proportions. The Queen spoke of it with great
reserve in her speech at the opeciag of the Cortes. The
following are said to be the cooditioos on which the new
admiral who has been sent to the Pacific would be autho-
rised to treat with the government of Liam The
Peruvian government should send to Madrid • high
diplomatic repruentative, who must declare in Its name
sod with all the required eolseinity that it dis-
approves of the project conceived by the autho-
rities of Callao to imprison the secretary of the
Spanish Commissioner, and that it is ready to punish the
authors of the criminal attempts which were the come-
quentot that project. 2. The Spanish government will
lead a representative to Lima, with the mission of claim-
ing the immediate interveotion of jostles in the can of Ta.
lamb° ; and that representative, accredited in the Rams
manner as M. Salazar wu, shall be received officially by
the Peruvian government. 3. Immediately after that re-
ception the Chincha Islands will be delivered up to the
. . . . .

commissioner appointed for that purpose by the Peruvian
government. 4. Peru shall send a plenipotentiary to Spain
for the purpose of concluding on reasonable bases • treaty
between that republic and the Spanish nation, similar to
those which already exist with the other Spanish-Amerl•
an republics.

(iturn's Timm's.)
FRANCE.

PARIS, Dic. 31.

An imperial decree has been issued to-day,
authorising the importation of merchandise of
every description from say country, and under
any flag, into St. Louis, Senegal, and the Isle of
Gorge.

Another decree has been issued opening the port
of Cayenne to both French and foreign vessels.

ALLOCUTION OF THE POPE.
ROME, Die. 28 (vii Manglles).
The Pope in an allocution addressed to
the Cardinals the day before yesterday,
said that in the present day robbery is committed
under the pretext of Nationality. Hia Holiness
added that he would die content if he oould witness
the destruction of the enemies of the Holy See,
and the triumph of truth and justice.

BANK OF HOLLAND.
AMSTERDAM, Dec. 31.
The Bank of Holland has reduced its rate of dis-
count from 6 to oh per cent.

THE WEST INDIA, PACIFIC, AND
MEXICAN MAILS.
SOUTHAmPTON. Dec. 31.
• - -- --

The Royal Mail Company's steamship Shannon
has arrived here with the above mails, 75 pas-
sengers, pearls and jewellery to the value of
24,085 dole., and 2,760 packages of cargo, chiefly
cigars, bark, iniigo, tobaooo, and India-rubber.
The Shannon also brings 2,530,731 dole. in specie,
of which 3,231 dole. are on account of the Mexican
dividends.

She left St. Thomas on the 15th inst., and
brings dates from Lima to the 28th ult.
The South American Congress met on the 14th
and appointed the representative of Peru first Pre-
sident of the Assembly. Frequent sittings had
since been held, at which the greatest harmony
prevailed. The question of the highest importance
being the difficulty with Spain, the Congress closed,
the conference on the 26th by unanimously
resolving :-1. That the government of Peru must
proceed immediately to give instructions for the
recovery of the Chincha Islands, and to account to
Congress within eight days. 2. That the President
of Peru shall have no power to make a treoty or
have any terms with the cabinet of Madrid until
the islands have been given up by Spain, or have
been taken by the forces of the Republic.
_ .

On the 27th ult. the President ordered all the
fleet to proceed on a cruise for exercise, including
the iron-clad Los While the fleet were ma,
nteuvring in Callao Bay an American vessel
from the Chinches arrived with news that
Admiral Pinion's frigate had been totally
destroyed by fire at the Chinch& Islands on the2lsth.
Much excitement prevailed at Callao, and the pub-
lic impatiently awaited the orders from Lima for the

• • •

R 31, 1864.

Awl to proceed to the Okinchas to engage the re-
maining frimite and gunboats, and to occupy the
Wanda.

At Lima exchange on London was quoted 37d.,
60 days, and 37}d., 90days' drafts.
Important news from Peru is expected by the
next mail.

Chili dates from Valparaiso to the 17th state
that according to a new Custom-house decree, the
coasting trade of this republic is open to vessels of
all nations, and anchorage, tonnage, light dues,
and wharf charges are entirely abolished.
The 118 articles hitherto free of duty are re-
duced to 29. The export duty is lowered consider-
ably.
The following ports have been pronounced open
for all traffic :—fifegillortes, Caldera, Huasco, Co-
quimbo, Valparaiso, Constitucion, Tome, Talca-
huano, Coronel, Valdivea, Ancona, and Melipulli.
The American ship Crest of the Wave arrived
at Valparaiso with only three men fit for duty,
11 having died of dysentery.
Trade at Valparaiso was dull, and the arrivals
from Europe were small.
Exchange on London, 60 to 90 days, 44141. per
dollar.

The revolution in the State of Bolivar was giving
rise to serious apprehensions. The interior part of
the State was to a certain extent in the hands of
the opposition party under Gonzalez and Carazo,
whilst the coast was under the sway of Nieto, the
actual president. It was stated that Barranquilla
and a number of other places had pronounced
themselves in favour of Gonzalez. The people were
anxiously waiting to know the attitude Mompas
takes, as upon it depends the success of the revolu-
tionary movement.
Business at Grenada was dull. Agricultural
prospects were improving. The cocoa crop was
good, and the cotton crops were largely increasing.
Exchange : 4821 dole. for 90 days' sight.
Produce arrived freely at the Demerara market.
Freights unchanged. The exports were expected to
fall abort of last year. The import markets were
amply supplied.
Copious showers of rain had visited Trinidad and
the plants looked well.
Sugar making was expected to commence in
eight weeks.
Business was dull at Jamaica ; 48e. were paid
for coffee. The pimento crop wu over. Ram
transactions, no sales. Sugar, dark, 18e. ; medium,
20s. ; fair, 22.4. to 235. per 1001bs. Tobacco, no
sales. Exchange, 90 days, 1 per cent.
In some parts of the island small•poz was still
severe. The yellow fever at Bermuda is said to
have entirely disappeared.

INDIA AND CHINA MAILS.
ALEXANDRIA, D. 27.

The Messageries Impenales steamer Muer*
with India and Chins mails, left here this morn-
ing, and may be expected at Marseilles early on
the 2nd.

The Cambodge, with the outward mails, left Sues
to-day.

ALEXANDRIA, Dec. 29.
The Nyanza and Basilic, with the above mails,
left Alexandria at 7 cm. to-day.
The former may be expected at Marseilles on
the 4th, and the latter at Southampton about the
11th inst.