The Express.
London, England, 1852-10-20 00:00:00

LECTURE ON AUSTRALIA BY DR LANO.

• _
A lecture on this subject, more especially in
reference to the rant easigrstiort movement, was de-
livered yesterday Issuing, by Dr. Lang, at this Working
Mao's Institute, Limos-prove, I'addiagtee. The liadieltCll
was numerous, and chiefly conned., d permits beloogiug
to the working closers. After some firmest introductory
remarks with regard to the probable Often of the discovery
of gold on the mother country, he observed that gold
mining had always been, and was always likely to be, a
lottery. 'I no Spaniards, who had bean searching for gold
in South America ever *ism the days of Columbus, had
embodied their expo/inn in • very remarkable proverb.
It was this: "The man who discovers on his Mlle a
copper mine will make his fortune ; this man wha discovers
a silver mica will be a poor man all his days; the
man who discovers a gold mine will be ruined."
Preposterous as it might appear, there was a
great deal of truth in this saying. No doubt
wonderfulsuccess had attended the exertions of many of
the miners of Melnik ; but there were also numerous in-
stances of failure, and thus one must he set against the other.
Many. who did not actually fail at the diggiogs still did
not get so muck more than ordinary wages as to radio:tithes.
to continue that mode of life. It was hard work, as hard
as working on a railway or carrying coal bags as the shoul-
der. Not only was the work hard, but the fare and the
lodging were bud. Butcher*. meat was cheep, but the
was soother matter. These hard things many quiet
people did not like. Now the grand question fur all who
designed to emigrate loth. diggings was, what they could do
if they were either unsuccessful or conceived a distaste
fur the life of a miner. ',Ms question must be aaswered
according to the chum of society to which the emigrant be-
longed. One thing is certain—namely, that the very fact
of such largo numbers emigrating, ensured a reproduct.ou
of the fiamework of society, and therefore employment
for numbers in their several callings. For all this branches
of business, therefore, which were essential to the sus-
tenance and maintenance of society, there would be • noble
field in Australia, independently of the gold mines. The
geld would give a stimulus to nearly every broach of in-
dustry ; and for carpenters, stonemasons, blacksmiths,
saddlers, and so on, the demand would be ur-
gent. It was to be observed that towns were rising
' up in differaut directions, and affording ample scopes for
industry and enterprise. The town of Brisban, in Morena
Bay' ' • as • he capicapitolof a part of the country, which had as yet
oaly about 10,000 inhabitants. The exports of the district
had for years been increasing at the rate of 20,0001. per
annum, and those last year amounted to 1.50,0001., or
151. for every man, woman, and child settled there. 'ibis
must bean eligible field for many branches of business,
whilst there was • sure prospect of improvement As so-
garded land, them was a district near Port Phillip esp.-
molly worthy of attention. The land was of
the finest quality. The plains extending tan hun-
dred mile, to the west of Geelong, constituted • train which
had been declared by eminent agriculturists, of British as
well a. colonial experience, equal to the county of Kent.
It was 200 miles in length by an avenge breadth of 25.
He had ridden over it, and to him it appeared like a sense
siost of noblemen's parks, planted by a landscape gardener,
having here and there hills from four to seven hundred
feet high, and lakes scattered about at intervals. There
were various other districts when the land, though not so
extensive, was of equally lino quality. At a place called
Cipslaad, in the outran part of the colony of Port Phillip,
there was a tract of the finest land, amounting to
about half • million of acres, and, what was a great rarity
i• Australia, Own was here excellent inland water commu-
nication. In general the country was level, and afforded
great facilities for the construction of railways ; and there
was no country in the world which was likely to derive
MOM benefit frees that great invention than Australia. The
climate of Port Phillip was pretty much like that of Eng-
land, • little warner and miller in winter. This farmers
in the colony grow wheat, potatoes, barley, and oaten hay
for the colonial market. The vine was cultivated to •
small extent, sad tobacco was also cultivable; but
for both them articles the climate of New South
Weirs was more favourable than that of Port Phillip.
The grand desideratum had been an article of produce for
which there would be a constant demand and a rensuserst-
Mg price in the English market • and such an amid* there
really was. Some years ago he felt' it to be a very ushirts-
nate eireustanes that no each article was kaewa ; espe-
cially as, so far as sheep were concerned, 10 mass were re-
quired to feed three, arid 400 acres to produce one bale of
wool. Now the new article to which ke alluded was
cotton. (The lecturer here exhibited a maniple of cotton
and continued.] This was a specimen of the produce of
the colony ; it was grown in the settlement which her had
mentiosed, at Moreton Bay ; and it had bets de-
clared by the President of the Chamber of Com-
merce, in Manchester, to be worth Is. 10d. per
It was nearly seven years ago since he visited that district
for the first time. In walking through the gardens of some
respectable colonists be foand some cotton plants growing,
the pods of which yielded • beautiful produce. The plant
altogether appeared to him of a very superior quslity
and it struck hi. at once that if cotton could be
grown by European labour in that colony, it would not only
supply a desideratum which they bad boon long looking
for, namely, an article of produce for whirl there would be
a constant demand at a fair price in the British market, but
effectually tell on the institution of slavery 'tis America.
(Cheers.) Now, it appeared to him that it would
be very politic for intending emigrants to ge to
• district where they could raise such an article as
that for the home market. In that part of Australia where
it might be grows there were not fewer than 10 rivers all
navigable by steam-boats; and the value of the Mina
which could be sewn an their hanks related is this ile
from IL U. to ie. lb. About POO miles to the emra
Sydney were tate t7rsaee Rhea smiths llisisoad Diver,
and in • report yid* had boa tarnished le bit by emir
Mosley who was ogled In the &Strict, it wen NNW, that
on the banks of these rivers were teas of lisemith of
acne at the Masa hod, clear et limiter. mai toady
for the pine, le which grew
be kneed- IMO the stoat feditp. ererlNV thee
read Noe extracts in support of Oh view ; and ahem from
medical mos in the okay, attesting the healthiness of the
wee.clim la Asides. odes to the severity of the winter,
it meow Se is,
seems Am seed every year,
a seemeity imbed ineenvenlesess sad opus*
whereas is Aselselle,oseli wee the seiner of the winter,
that seem win M W ewe been sewn sad Oben lest it
the sell, maliened le mew itself every yes ler the teem
of its Meal 1111‘ IMO was from 7 to 12 pan. Amos,
favorable pelmestesesparisee wee this: in Aserice the inset
descriptive' Osseo weld only be grown in a nob tame
of county, einstrais set of every hundred bake ham
tithe goner desseiptisa • to Australia, for a Moose it
SS mike, the fie deseriitisne Gould be grown es easily as
the moue, mad it east as eon to glow settee dm IMO
le, M. per lb. amid he eblebed ha tie lamb* mob*
Ibis le pan melee of the Odes= immeipeleo whisk use
mob wily hem M. le id. pee lb. Mew wee time pew
seated a u
s ad eretemmitaihe
industry, sad la rib=
The ismer Ile=r I'M PIIMINIMI SS 611_ arlo
tpouts eel ihsteees et Australia, emd. bare
hews, levied the radios* to moieties him ea say
pant ea whielallossised takematio
la to
Ds. Wie thea: lead wee lied by
weer pesliesset, tbe nialmeme pee mes. wee
orth that sue it de ef seam The. 1
wee me quit rest, the Mad wee friebeilL Awe _posse
oleo fail to get the perliseke plea wig& he wilted am
booms ell the land wee pet up to mein. Be yield
esseemedemyw wbe was ping eel silk the view et
ea setae, ea Med am le Olis peas be
speeektien, af
eisselemiles deOft se wadi require ape l
ea ton. As he dwelling% the deists was se he.
Oat say pose The knew hew le beadle es am and a law
esehl, with his owe beak, pet im a very alembic house,
see width would at lost Ism he • twelvemonth. The
is... in the dimwit bed • leek sisal es Yoh Sigh, which
eases of plasm Jest DM • deer; aid he had Ws-
self heed a reeporebb lathed medals living time in a
house which he bad eseeleseted surely of bark. As re-
garded the picking et aelles, a dal et tea yearn would be
shoot ea useful es sm Melt; mad • Meshy wee ea that ac-
soak as well se at aim a "eider ndmidat.
A vote of thembe le the lecturer hominoid the pre-
coding.