The Express.
London, England, 1852-09-04 00:00:00

FRANCE.

PARIS. haul BYRN !NO.
MM. de Persigny and Biases baying returned to
Paris, the Moniker contains Mims aplacing that
the ail est. rim administration of the department of

the Interior, entrusted to M. Magne, -minister of
public works, and that of finance, confided to M.
Abbatucei, minister of Justice, will cease from
to-day. All the ministers who have been absent at
the councils-general are expected in Paris by Sun-
day.
'the Mositeur contains a decree issued pursuant to
the decree of March 27, Ili 2, relating to sugar
manufactories, whereby power was reserved to the
government to regulate the conditions of the exereire
of the trade of a manufacturer and refiner of sugar,
to fix a manimuni duty, the mode of collection, to de-
fine the products that may be received iu sugar
houses, and what may be sent.out of them, and ge-
nerally to frame regulations for the conduct and sur-
veillance of the trade.

By another decree 300 hectares of land near Con-
stantine, in Algeria, are leased at a nominal rent
to M. Sint Cyr Lombard, for the purpose
of a breeding stud. A report by Oeneral
St. Armand states that the breed of hon ies n Algeria
has become much deteriorated, owing to the long
coutinuanoo of oar in that country, and the conquest
of the native tribes. To remedy the evil, depots of
stallions were established by the government
is every province so long ago as 1842,
These, although they have done much good, aro far
from sufficient. M. Saint Cyr Lombard undertakes
to keep forty mares and ten stallions, to be approved
of by government inspectors.
By decrees of the President a credit of 330,000 fr.
is opened to the Minister of the Interior for the ex-
penses of the fete of the 13th August, and a credit
of 40,000 fr. for the expenses of the colours of the
national guards. It will be remembered that the
above expenses of the fete are independent of an
equal sum voted by the city of Paris, so that the
whole cost of the metropolitan rejoicings of August
16 considerably exceeds 40,0001. sterling.
The serious disturbances in Oaudaloupe that fol-
lowed the arrival of the red republican judge, M.
Charles Dein, have not until today been alluded to
by the government journals. The Patric now de-
fends the appointment upon the ground that the pre-
sent government derives a great part of its strength
from a spirit of conciliation which tends to attract all
penitents of whatever party, and to merge their for-
mer opinions in the idea of France regenerated by
Louis Napoleon. The nomination of M. Dein was
made in conformity with this principle. The go-'
vernment had nothing to do with his political ante-
cedents. It was enough to know that he had com- '
pletely rallied to the policy of December 2, and that
he was not guilty of the specific acts alleged against
him by the colonists. Upon this latter point it is
announced that M. Dain is prepared with proofs. A
contradiction, by authority, will be published, and
then it will bo for the people of Onadaloupn to ac-
knowledge that the conciliatory policy adopted by
Louis Napoleon can alone satisfy all the interests
which it is his duty to pretect. The Parity says
that order is completely restored in the colony. This
is, 1 believe, the case. But, judging from the tone
of the petitions signed, as you may remember, by the
principal inhabitants, there is much reason to think
that the existing tranquillity is based upon the ex-
pectation of a different answer to their remon-
strances. They were evidently in no dispo-
sition to be made contented with their new
judge by an official declaration that there
is nothing against his private character. They kuow
him as a prominent red republican socialist—as a
leader of that band of " robbers " and " cut-throats,"
from whoa barbarous hands they have been taught
to believe France was saved by the coup rtjtal, and
they mistrust a sudden repentance, proved only by
the acceptance of a place.
The tress., registers its warning with the simple
remark, that it is now on a par with the Constaler
amine:, which has also received its two
i warning. I
fear that this is but a poor consolation. There s rea-
son to believe that measures of great severity are in
preparation against the press of Paris. It is naively
said in government circles that the present organisa-
tion of Journalism is anomalous, and that at no former
period did the newspapers so little represent public
opinion. In support of this assertion it is observed
that out of 11 leading journals printed in Paris only
2 openly and avowedly support the government. A
third Journal (meaning the ansaittaionosel) seems ani-
mated by good intentions, which however it manifests
but seldom, and with reserves too subtle to be properly
appreciated by ordinary readers. The minister of
police is meditating how to bring the whole Pari-
sian press to an uniform sense of its mission, as he
understands it. This worse, if persevered in, must
end in the extinction of all the independent journals.
The Indlpesdance Beige was again seized at the
post-office yesterday.
A seizure of arms has been made at Marseilles, in
the house of a man named Moretti, who is in custody.
The arms consist of seventeen carbines, twenty-one
muskets, and several pistols and bayonets. But
although the Cow/Tier of Marseilles speaks of the
discovery as important, there seems little reason to
doubt the truth of the story told by Moretti, which
is, that the arms were deposited with him by an
amourer as a security for money, and that they are
part of a stock manufactured in 1848 for a company
of foreigners.
A dispute, in which swords were drawn and blows
inflicted, took place on the 26th ult., at Saumur, be-
tween some officers of the cavalry school and some
citizen& By the interference of the police the com-
batants were separated before anything very serious
had occurred; one person, however, was wounded.
The cause of the quarrel has not transpired, but a
legal investigation has been instituted.
An exception to the general course of the munici-
pal elections has occurred at Toulon. Opposition
candidates have been elected in 6 divisions out of 8.
The cotton spinners of Lille have addressed a
letter to the president of the Chamber of Commerce
there, requesting him to represent to the council-
general the alarm which the new commercial con-
vention with Celgium has mimed in the trade. The
Consultative Chamber of Roubaix has also made
similar complaints. Since the terms of the maven-
, tion have been numerous orders have been counter-
mended both at Lille an: Roubaix, and fears are
entertained that large muses of factory people may
be throe n out of work.

The Ihike de Broglie is at present at Copet, at the
seat of Madame de Steel, of which he is the owner.
M. Lamartine is negotiating for the sale of his
estate in Turkey to some English capitalists. The
affair is not without difficulties, because the common
law of Turkey is opposed to the? possession of any
large quantity of land by • foreigner. The Sultan
made an exception in favour of M. Lamartine on
personal grounds, and it is not certain that he can be
induced to allow his bounty to the poet to be made
the subject of a transfer.
Cardinal Wiseman presided on Tuesday at the in-
auguration of a new establishment of Franciscan
monks at Amiens, where that fraternity has just
purchased the house of the missionaries of the Holy
Ghost. The Bishop of Amiens, accompanied by his
chapter and the clergy of the town, were present at
the ceremony. Cardinal Wiseman performed mass,
and afterwards delivered an energetic speech. He
left for London the same evening.
M. Jules de Lastcyrie has arrived in Paris from
London.

--------- ,
The La•lxds ha. the following on the official return.
published by the administration of the customs :
The customs .dmini•tratioo has jest published its annual
tables of the exterior commerce of France in 18:$1. It is a
large work of .100 pages, in which, however, everything is
etym.,' and damnified in the most intelligent way; and it
Is certainly the best publication of the kind for all whe,
from study or business, have to consult commercial sta-
tistics. A great improvement has added to Its value

-

for some years past—the reelastleit into &Mud or
real value of the old °Adel vales whisk the esereee
applied to goods during tweatr awe pan. We Mee he
comparison with the Pad. the Petimmeat ALM Wee, mad
fur e tweet pat of the acein ir.epedgme oar sa
whys use, Ind every ..eseh Net :11;:IS
by a Aiwa by UN .1 the la
Ails at ear • awl
TM allisial asaseal our tr k u
fellows:— flesiga • • • • r .
1,438,0118,81816.00 re lead, 're • 't••
the
eoloalea, 'el AN . lairans ; • . *sports ;
total, 271,000. . lbw War bola, am hav
I,l4s.owoourr. mparia r tone,ooo e
moir. exports :
2,7111,00aM1ik.• Time
amt ona • psi deal ; they
draw list tha imams th alhadal
asthma le a ameatry arbiak dm wetly three
essifiards of affairs—it Is not more than sine per
cent. We mast not, however, lose sight of the im-
Portant* of war colonies, under the double relation of
' maritime interest and a national market ; and it is to be
remarked, besides, that their exchanges with the mother
wintry were increased in 1851 by nearly 60,000,000 fr.
Another observation arises from the examination of these
tigers', namely, the eaormous superiority of exports over
import.. The former exceeds the latter by nearly one half
That may be explained by the fact that we purchase from
foreign countries a good deal of raw materiel, which we after,
, wards export after giving it a high value in its manufactured
state. The difference, however, may be partially made up by
movements of money, which, represented by paper, neces-
sarily escapes the control of the customs. Now if the general
figures just cited, be reduced to their real value, we find
the imports fall to 1,094,000,000 fr., and the exports to
1,620,000,000 fr. The total of real values is then
2,614,000.000 fr., the real amount of our foreign commerce.
This makes a difference between the two compared velucs
of 173,000,000 fr., which may give the sufficiently exact ex-
pression of the fall which has taken place :n merchandise
within twenty five years. That valuation must be two
into account in the figures which follow : Out of the
2,7117,000,000 fr. of goods which we exchange abroad,
767,000,000 fr., or abseil 28 per ant., belonging
to transit, and re-exportation; and thus represent
the share which foreign goods take in our na-
tional commerce properly so called, that is what
is designated special commeree • this, in 1851, was
2,020,000,000 fr., or in actual value, 1,924000,000re—0f
which 766,000,000 fr. were imports, and 1,151.000,000 fr. ex-
ports. In those figures we see, and in a stil more marked
manor, the ruperurity of oar sales over our purchases
abroad. But what is remarkable is, that this superiority
exists only for the commerce by sea. For the operatloas by
land, it is the contrary, ea will be seen by these figures:
—Commerce by sea :—lmportation, '736,000,000 fr. ;
exportation, 1,366,000,000 fr.; total, 1,999,000,000 Ir.
—Commerce by land . —lmportation, 423,000,000 fr.;
' expertatioo, 365,000,000 franc, ; total, T 88,000,000
• franca. Thus, cur maritime commerce amounts to
nearly 2,000,060,000 francs, which is about the third
of that of Great Britain. Of that there is conveyed by na-
tional vessels 953,000,0001r.' or 48 per cent.; and by foreign
vessels, 1,046,000,000 fr., car 62 per cent. Their part is, our
' readers sea, a little larger than ours ; but in the tonnage,
Ike properties is still more favourable to them. Foreign
toady TY& bring us almost all heavy or cumbersome'
utiliser* 2,389,000,000 tons, whilst the French have
1,699 tau; that is the foreigners have 68.4 per cent.,
, and t Frisch 41.6. And the latter proportion has de-
clined, it having been in 1850 43.5. Our maritime corn-
' merce is then far from being in a state of improve-
ment, and its situation amidst the general progress
of other countries appears to us to demand the most serious
attention of the government. To complete the general
Ilene( the foreign comment of France which we have traced,'
we must make known the variations it underwent in 1851.
• In vain*, it increased on the whole by 82,000,000 fr., of
which 76,000,000 fr. were in our own exchanges, and
6,000,000 fr. in transit. In 1850, our commerce increased
by 140,000,000 fr. • in 1849 by 650,000,000 fr. ; after having
fallen 600,000,000(r. in 1848. The increase of 1851, though
notable, was far from equalling what it was previously.
The augmentation was besides only in exports; in imports
I there was even a decrease of 16,000,000 fr. On the whole,
. however, the commercial year 1831 may be considered a
good one for France.
At the Bourse the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. rose
, 40c., closing at 105.70; the Three per Cents. rose
, 35c., and closed at 77J5. Bank of France shares
, rose 10. The Lyons Railway rose 13.25; ltouen, 10 ;
Sceaux, 7.50; Lyons and Avignon, 8.75; Bordeaux
and Testa, 6; Strasburg, and Rouen and Havre,
2,50 each,

ITALY.
_ -
ROMAN STATES.
Letters from Rome speak of new arrests at Spoleto
and other parts of the Roman territory.
Our Roman correspondent, writing on the 27th
August, states that the Pope was reported to have
manifested his intention of setting Murray at liberty on
condition of hisleavingtheßoman States forever. A
clandestine pamphlet on Murray'scase had been pub-
I ished,called " English diplomacy and Roman liberty."
some of Murray.' fellow-prisoners were expected
to be executed. Some revelations had been made at
Ancona, showing that five of the assasios were paid
by the priests. Monsignors Savelli and Santucci
were mentioned as soon to be created cardinals.
Pasquinade, had appeared on the French festivities
of the 16th August. Brigands infest, the neighbour-
hood of Rome.

TUSCANY.
FLORENCE, Aro. 27.
Guerranni's trial was resumed yesterday. The au-
thorities have taken every possible precaution, con-
sistent with the public form of the trial, to exclude
spectators from the audience hall, and to prevent
them from lounging about the neighbourhood. The
greater part of the hall is appropriated to the bearers
of tickets, which are very difficult to obtain, being
only granted by the president of the tribunal. The
foreign legations have been but meagerly supplied,
only one ticket, and that not transferable, having
been sent to the head of each mission. The small
portion of the hall open to the public is filled at an
early hour, and the gendarmes then prevent any one
else from approaching the entry.
Yesterday the proceedings of the tribunal com-
menced by the reading of the act of accusation.
After this document was read, the President pro-
ceeded, according to law, to explain it to the pri-
soner. After these preliminaries will come the
question of the competency of the tribunal, Guer-
ra:xi having declared his right, as minister of a
constitutional sovereign, to be tried by a court of
senators. This will probably bring on a long discus-
sion, but the lawyers may talk as much as they
please, the government has its own plan of action, to
which it will adhere.
Colonel Spanocehi, whom I mentioned as having
been arrested at Sienna, has been taken to a mad
hospital, in accasqoanoe of his refusing to take any
nourishment. la the hospital, food has been admi-
nistered to him by forte. It appears that the police
delegate at Sienna, named Mori, was stabbed about
three weeks ago, and sea town fell upon a certain
Cimballi, who was arrested in consequenon Nothing
mild be proved against him, but in the progress of
ppnifieng him with respect to the movements of the
liberal party, he made some revelations which led to
extensive arrests.

The Grand Doke has left the baths of Lucca.
People seem to interest themselves very little in his
movements.
Sir Henry Bulwer is still in Florence.
The Gonfaloniere of Florence, Capponi, has this
morning published a notification, reminding electors
that the municipal council is to be renewed on the
20th of November.

SPAIN.
The Madrid Gazette of the 28th ult. publishes a
royal decree, appointing a commission to report as
to whether it is practicable to abolish the tax upon
tobacco and salt, and adopt other and satisfactory
means of supplying the deficit which this abolition
would cause to the public revenue. It appears that
the tax on tobacco produced in 1851, 187,645,313
reels; but the cost of collection was not less than
75,314,616 reels, so that the net returns to the state
were little more than 112 millions. The gross
returns for salt were 98,171,687 reals, but the net
return* were only 74,108,237 teals. A Madrid letter
states that the government has approved of the
propositions that have been made to it for the con-
struction of a railway from Cadiz to Seville. The above
journal of the 29th publishes royal decrees opening
credits for the expense of clothing and arming the
levy of 10,000 men decreed in March last, and for
the preliminary expenses of surveys, &0., for rail.
roads.