The Express.
London, England, 1855-06-09 00:00:00

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LATEST
NEWS FROM ABROAD

THE BOMBARDMENT OF

SEBASTOPOL.

THE MAMELON TAKEN.

WAIL DEPLETMBNT, Jou 9.

Lard Paint, presents his compliments to the
laitce of the Daily News, and has peat pleasure
is trsnsmittiog the enclosed intelligence which has
i. clay leached him from Lord Raglan :

Jowl 7.

" The formidable ftre of yesterday wulrapt up to-day

with the greatest spirit, sod soon after six this even-

ieg the French attacked and carried the White

Wak and the Mameloo. The whole operation we

wit brilliant. Great gallantry displayed on all

tido Comities not yet known."

THE RUSSIAN DEFEAT OF THE 23AD.

The Journal de St. Petersbourg, of the let, oontains
inglismeatary report front Prince Gortchakoff, of
themapiaary engagement on the night of the 22nd.
At the else occurs the following brief mention of the
kiss[ the best night :
la the sight of the 23rd the enemy brought dense mum
d neer babied tne oenietery before Bastion No. 6, sad,
titers dart bat vigorous eaannowle from all hie batteries,
demised epos tie positions which he bad whacked with so
3itill MKS in the previous night. At this moment, on a
pm signal, the two battalions of the regiment of
andiellS et JitOlnif, which were in occupation, retired
nen ear fretificationt, sad from the latter a erase and wan-
eansied are of snider: opened upon the assailing co-
kes&
It. Mash experienced a great lore epos this point, but
Yf ecatissed to maintain themselves in the two lodge-
son seareat the Cemetery, and to destroy them. The
Cask 'skid' united thou wort to the beati.m No. 6, and
tlieh we bed evacuated, wee cot occupied by the messy.

RUSSIA IN THE CAUCASUS.

Ir is not enough to win victories : they must be
tweed to account. The capture of Bench and Yeni-
isle, and the sweeping of the Russian flag from the
ha of Ala, are gallant and dazzling exploits, bat
lakes they are made the preenrson of heavier blows
n the enemy they might as well not have been
Aired. The Allies, masters of the Bea of Asuff,
ave turned the flank of the Russian forma in the
Zama's. If the a. gonations with the tribes inhabit-
that mountain mass, which were proposed to be
last year, are now carried into effect, the Rea-
ms easily be compelled to evacuate their con-
d provinces in Georgia and Armenia. We
from &amass that great and successful efforts
heiag made by Colonel WILLIAMS to re-orgaa-
. the army of Aoatolia, and place the Ottoman
• • tioos along the Riisso•Turkish frontier in a
plate state of defence. His task may be niateri-
y facilitated if the Allies turn to a good account
heir successes in the Sea of AsofE A few brief re-
fection. will suffice to show how important it Is that
aboald be deo,.
The Caseasus is one great mountain mass, which
Weeds from sear Anaps on the Black Bea (lat.
44.40 N., ton. 37.10 E.) to the peninsula of Abcheron
as the Caspian (lat. 40.30 N., lon. 60.20 E.) At its
ban extremity it sinks down to the low, dead
lof the steppes; to the south a low range of
which divide the waters of the Bur from those
the Rioni, connect it with the high table-land
Armenia. The central peaks of the More
above the line of perpetual snow. On
Euxine the of[ shoots from the central
run out into the see, forming a bold
by mut, in which there are many bays affording
lter for small craft. Towards the Caspian abroad
w pl,in extends between the mountain and the ma,
undated in winter, and entirely &annals of water
• summer. The streams which drain the northern
Is of the Caucasus flow principally to the
sten ; a few tall into the Torok. Its southern
en either and their way to the Block Bee, or feed
• bar and its affluents. There are only two roe&
g which the Russians can find their way by land
this mountain mass to their Georgian and Arms-
provinces. One runs in great part along the plain
tween the Caspian and the mountain. The intends-
• render the country through which this road passes
tilential for great part of the year; the wantof water
kes it practicable with difficulty during the re-
ader. Hence it comes that the principal lamilmler-
between Russia and its Trans-Cansmileat pm-
• eel is carried on by means of a road whisk threads
' • mountain defiles, and crosses the crest of the
•ge not much below the summit level. The phy-
impediments are the least formidable difficul-
t that obstruct this path; the hostility of the war-
, 1. and indomitable tribes is a far more series' con-

copy the eastern deelivides towards the Black
rice. The Oast= (33,918 families) dwell in the
high central valleys of Elbois. The Lesghis
(138,700 families), and the Meziljdhi hold the south-
eastern valleys. These tribes or clans have, so far as
history carries= back, been engaged in constant '
fends smougst themselves and with their neigh-
bours. They have at times recognised a nominal
soversigaty of the Khans of the CI inset, or the Sul- I
tees; bet since thedepuition of the former and the
expelsionat the latter from Anspd, they have had
no ouster over them. Early in the present cen-
tury the Russians began their attempts to subju-
gate them. he insidious pretence of es-
tablishing trading posts was first adopted, but
the projects of military conquest were so thinly veiled
that the natural sagacity of the mountaineers
placed them on their guard Daring the last thirty
years& desultory and destructive war has been waged
between the Russians and the Caucasians ; yet,
though the latter have been left by the whole world
to the tender mercies of the Muscovites, and though
they are divided among themselves into innumerable
factions, the CZAZ up to the present time has not been
able to obtain more than a precarious possession of a
few isolated strongholds. The amount of blood and
truism which has bees wasted by Russia in its
maladies campaigns in the Caucasus is enormous.

The object kept in view by the Government at St.
Petersburg in this seemingly prufilises strife is not
the conquest of the Caucesus for itself. Its
rugged valleys can be made a profitable par
session. The aggregate commerce of the Gammas—
concentrated at Anapa, Batoum, Tiflis, and Derbeud
—is and always must continue inconsiderable.'
Russia covets the possession of the Caucasus to secure
its lines of communication with the rich provinces to

the sotrh of it, wbscb she has wire, ed from Persia
and Turkey. The encroachments of Russia upon
both of these states, to the mouth and soath•east of
Tifiis, have been pushed on with relentless pertinacity.
Already the Russian frontier comes close up to the
' great line of road along which passes the commerce
of Europe through Trebisona to Armenia, Persia, and
Central Asia. The obvious aim of Russia is to obtain
possession of that route, in order to close it against
the commerce of Europe, establish her ascendancy
over Turk, y and Persia in these rrgioos on a secure
tooting, and thus pave the way to those further con-
quests with which her insatiate ambition keeps her
imagination filled. To the accomplishment of these
projects the subjugation of the Caucus. is an indis-
pensable preliminary, and this is the reason why the
blood and treasure of Russia have been so lavishly
squandered in these regions.
Every new conquest made by Russia leads to the
degradation and impoverishment of the conquered

races. The unchecked advance of Russia in Armenia,
Kurdistan, and Persia, will be fatal to any prospects
of progress in civilisation in these regions, and will
exclude France, England, and Sardinia trom profita-
ble markets, and regions where their presence can
exert a humanising influence. To expel Ramie from
Georgia and Armenia, and to establish the indepen-
dent tribes of the Caucasus as a barrier between the
Muscovites and Persia and Turkey, would be an un-
speakable benefit to humanity. These objects can
easily be attained by the cu-opera•. ion of the army of
Anatolia with the allied forces in the Euxine and the
Sea of Azuff. It may be asked what is to be done
with the Caucasians P Leave them to them-
selves. The Sultans abdicated their authority over
that region before the Russians assailed it.
Without concert or combination, the mountain tribes
have made good their ground against Russia's most
strenuous efforts. Unoooquerabls in their own
valleys, they are little formidable as aggressors to
neighbours possessed of disciplined armies. Their
civilisation and conversion into an organised commu-
nity must be left to the gradual operation of that
civilisation which commerce—sure to penetrate into
their valleys as soon as the Russian blockade is raised
—will introduce among them.—Daily News.