The Express.
London, England, 1862-01-24 00:00:00

..s•sllu

TAN WIMPS. Die P;;;;Ells;"'..." TEL KING OF THE
WAAL Ilrs. 1. lAA,: Kowa A. Sabi, J Loom Newham.
IN I.l%Wiells lama,. %I UAL C. Iltirolmol. Ara N. C.11414rA
TAX DAME (MOE D..-oown st sO.

11101 WATS& AT 1021DOX SICICKIL
IMP LAT—iblunne. 7n Ma__ Afternoon. Sh sm.
T.../1411.141111.-Mellina, Afternoon. Int. !Om.

LWIDON, FRIDAY, JAN. 24.

Ti:.overture which, corspcsed of reports sod
viol 'finances and amended legislation, served as

infra, cloths, blankets, implements
and a hundred articles at such
that they can well afford to pay so
for salt and sugar. Here, rather
remov.il of the tax on liberty to exercise a trade,
lies the true compensation of the artisan class.
It would not do, however, to tell the working
classes so, especially on the eve of the opening of
the Chambers, where the manufacturer has many
organs, but where the poor consumer, even under
& law of universal suffrage, has none, the defence
of Free Trade being left solely to officials. These
officials, in the face of such a Chamber, cannot
make use of the true arguments on which their
policy is based. And M. Force himself is
obliged to argue the success of the Commercial
Treaty from the assumed fact of its not having
made any great change after all. Let us, how-
ever, not cavil with the line of argument pursued
by the French Minister, and content ourselves
with his declaration that the Commercial Treaty
is • permanent achievement, of which any states-
man might be proud.

vehicle to .11. Ft, tu'A schemea Reformed Finance,
was too striking, too loud, and too triumphant not
to detract considerably from the importance and
interest of the pioce itself, whenever it should come
to he played. Accordingly, the financial pro-
ject just published in the columns of the
J/ *trnr, whilst it cannot be said to fail in any
of the promises held out, still falls vastly short of
what was conceived of it. Indeed, the savings
which it effects, and the changes which it announces,
either in taxation or expenditure, are of such
secondary importance, that one is inclined to ask why

the Evrer.oit should have taken so serious a step

as coming forward to confess a fault and to promise
that it should not again occur, when so little
advantage is taken of the grateful sentiments

which such an act inspired.
Whilst the French Minister confesses to a defi-
cit of 40 millions sterling, the only resource opened
to meet it is the conversion of the Four-and-a-Half

per Cents. into Three per Cents. The holders
are to pay for the difference of value in their
stock. The holders of the Four-and-a-Half per
Cents. are, however, as the Minister admits, per-
sons of humble fortune, living upon the interest.
Yet it is from this class that IL FOrLD looks to

raise twelve millions sterling, and merely in order
that they may enjoy the same revenue se before.

Were fuel an offer made to capitalists we can un-
derstand their acceptance of it. But to come
down upon the petits rentiers with such a demand
at sueh a time cannot, we think, prove other than
a measure both unpopular and impracticable.
The Finance Minister divides the public ex-
penditure into ordinary and extraordinary, besides
local, which we need not take into account. The
extraordinary expenditure is that the nature and
destination of which is not put down in the Budget.
We can see no reason for the division. There is
nothing in the extraordinary expenses which might
not be precisely estimated, described, and set
down in the regular Budget. They amount in
M. Fol. cob estimate to six millions sterling, a
portion of which is for war services, and the
remainder for public works. This will leave the
French Army and Navy Department the facility
of spending some millions beyond the estimates
set down, and in a way which the public of France
or of Europe cannot seize or appreciate. Barely
it would be better and fairer to settle at ones In

t►e regular Budget what public works are to be
executed, sad then leave such margin as may be
considered requisite for the War-office.
What is most remarkable in M. Fot-to'+ ar-
rangement is, that as regular a provision is made
for the extraordinary as for the ordinary expenses.
They have, in fact, their own budget, the duties
upon salt and sugar being especially raised in
order to meet at least five of the millions. We
need not say how heavy both, especially the former,
weigh upon the poorer classes. By way of con-
solation they are told that the taxes, as well as
the expenditure they are destined to meet, are
temporary. Will there not be as much need in
any year of the century for public works and war
expenditure as in the year now provided for
We should have thought it probable. The loose
neat of the arrangement of extraordinary expenses
detracts considerably from the truth and merit of
that which fixes the army at a strength of 400,000
men. Reduction of expenditure, indeed, there is
none, the Military Budgetof 1863 being 160,0001.
more than the former year, whilst the Marine
Budget is to be 168 millions of francs, being a
little leas than last year.
The resolution to maintain these large forces
has compelled the French Minister to have recourse
to new taxes for the ordinary, aa well as for the
extraordin►ry, Budget. Some of these changes
merely compensate one for another. For instance,
the tax levied on the humble artisan, who works at
home and pays from 3 francs to 12 for liberty to do
so, according as the population of the town be great
or small, and which is really not worth the expense
of collection, is done away with, and replaced by
a tax on carriages and horses, calculated to make
up the loss. This, the Minister says, will release
upwards of a million of poor artisans. But the in-
creased duties on salt and sugar will take from
these very artisans four times the value of the
taxation remitted. In one or two points the
French Minister profits by English experience. He
reduces the rate at which money can be sent
through the post-office, and adopts the move-
able penny stamp for receipts. By this and
similar nieans the Minister increases the ordinary
receipts by about two millions sterling, in addition
to the taxes augmenting the extraordinary Budget
by three millions sterling. Thus the entire
Budget of 1863 will exceed by five millions
sterling that of 1862, which was of 1,930 millions
of francs.

Nothing can be more satisfactory than the
statement of the Minister respecting the result of
the Commercial Treaty, although he limits his
observation to its effects oa producers and manu-
facturers. Coale have been imported to the
amount of 1.30 th of French consumption ; iron
but to that of 1.13 th of French production. Stuffs
during the last quarter have been imported to not
more than one per Gent of French manufacture.
There is bare ',great consideration omitted, and
that is the dismiss /tits in price of all thee. articles
and necessaries to the French consumer. The
manufacturers of Lille, of Rouen, and of other
towns have probably tort considerably, by the dif-
ference between the habitual and present rate of
sales. The English may not have gained much,
but the French humble class can get shirts, stock-

TIFICAL GOVERNMENT.

It is stated in the independence Beige of yesterday
eveningthat M. Thouvenel has addressed a deeps tioh
to 3L de Lavalette, the representative of France at
Rome, which that diplomatist has communicated to
Cardinal Antonelli. In this document the French

Minister for Foreign Affairs commences by recalling
the regret which was felt by the imperial
_ . . .

The following telegram has been received at Mr.
Reuter's office from the Peninsular and Oriental
Steam Navigation Company, Jan. 24. :

government at the invasion of the Pon-
tifical States by the Italian troops. He
reminds the Cardinal of the efforta made by
France to prevent that invasion, and the rupture
of diplomatic relations which was the consequence
of the failure of those efforts. But two years have
now elapsed, he says, since Italy and the papacy were
left in a situation as dangerous for the peace of
Europe as it is incompatible with the true interests
of the church. Acts which have taken place on both
sides, both in Italy and in the kingdom of Naples,
have only aggravated that state of things, and
France views its prolongation with extreme pain,
since the French occupation, which has for its
object the protection of the interests of the Pope,
cannot be maintained indefinitely.
The measures of disarmament caused by urgent
fivancial necessities compel the French government
to consider the moment when this occupation
must cease, and an end be put to the situation
which renders it indispensable. The French minister
appeals to all the sentiments of the pontifical
government while entreating it to join in the efforts
of conciliation made by France. "The despatch
concludes," says the writer in the Independence,
"if I am well informed, by demanding on what
conditions the Pope would consent to the tem-
poral concessions which would be necessary
to render an understanding possible bejeveen the
papacy and the kingdom of Italy. The official
reply to this note, sent off about ten days ago, has
not yet been made known here, but from what I
learn from the language of Cardinal Antonelli at
the time the despatch was read to him, it may be
presumed that the pontifical government has not
altered any of its opinions or views. The
Cardinal Minister told M. Lavaletts that he
did not understand the contents of the despatch
of the French government, and that the Pope
asks only one thing—namely, that they give
him back what they have taken from him. M.
Thonvenel's note will doubtless be published among
the documents submitted to the Legislative Corps.
It may be considered as the point de depart of
new negotiations, and it will form the subject
of discussions in both chambers."

(norms TILZWIAMII.)
LECEPTION OF THE PAPAL NUNCIO.

PARIS, :mt. 24.

The Moniker of this morning announces that
Mgr. Chigi, the Papal Nuncio, was officially re-
ceived by the Emperor yesterday, and says
Mgr. Chigi, in addressing the Emperor, stated
that he should be zealous in maintaining the
friendly relations which happily existed between
the Holy See and the government of the Emperor."
The Emperor thanked Mgr. Chigi for the senti-
ments he bad expressed in the name of the Holy
Father, and said :—" His Holiness has already,
on the occasion of the new year, addressed to me,
through General Goyoo, words which have deeply
touched me. Be assured that I shall always seek
to ally the duties of • sovereign with my devotion
to the Holy Father. I do not doubt but that
your nomination will oontribnte to render more
intimate the relations which are so essential to
the welfare of religion, peace, and Christianity."
The Empress also received Mgr. Chigi, who
stated that he was charged by the Holy Father to
renew to her Majesty the assurances of his paternal
affection, and of the wishes that his Holiness did
not cease to form for the happiness of the Empress
had the Prince Imperial. The Empress replied that
she was particularly moved by this mark of safe°.
tion, and requested Mgr. Chigi to convey to his
Holiness the expression of her gratitude.
The Moniker also announces that Gegeral Mon-
tauban has been crested a count, under the title of
Count Palikao, and states that a bill will be pre-
sented to the Corps Legislatif, settling upon the
newly-crested count an annuity of 50,000 tr.

CALCUTTA, Dic. 30.

The Madras A then earn of the 29th instant an-
nounces that the Delhi prize money is to be paid
immediately.
Seventy-nine Madras field officers have retired
under Sir Charles Wood's Annuity Act.

The new paper currency is expected to come into
circulation in March next.

Facilities have been afforded by the govern]

for opening out the Indian export cotton trade.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
CALCUTTA. Dec. 30.
(By Tslssosph to Pout de Gale.)
Shirtings dull and declining. Mule twist, 405.,
unchanged. Raw silk quint. Indigo active, but
unchanged. Copper : sheathing and the dull and
unchanged. Exchange on London, 2s. Old. Go-
vernment Securities, Four per Ceuta., 151 dis-
count ; ditto Five per Cents., it discount. Freights
advancing.

CHINA.

CANTON, Dacmin 14.

The China and Japan news is encouraging.
Rules have been framed by Mr. Aloock for the
guidance at the English in Japan.
Pekin Is quiet, and the state of things in that
city is satisfactory.
The news from the Yangtaze and Rankin is also
satisfactory. Canton is resuming its former im-
portance as a place of trade.
SHANGHAI, Dec. 7.
Alarm is no longer felt here on aocount of the
rebels.
Ningpo is reported to be invested by the rebels.
Her Majesty's ship &oust (7) has been ordered
up to that city. Mr. Parkes is on board.

POINT DB GALL/I, Dao. Si.
News from Cochin China announces that the
French had taken possession of Bubo Oandore.

COMXERCLiL nrnauostrc&

CANTON, Dsc. 14.
(By Tolograpb to Point do 0s11.)
Grey ahirtinp dull and unchanged. Water twist
advancing. Tea firm and prices unaltered. Total
export, 62,3115,0001 W. Sxchange on London, id.
higher.

SHANGHAI. Du. 7.

ii. Medi

Grey shirting. dull. Tea declining. Bilk active
►ut declining. Settlements in fortnight, 4,000
bales. Export to date, 35,000 baba. Exchange
on London unaltered.

MIL SMITH

g letkr - .. received by Mr.
*O.-- likeitiVElitta from the Wel. . Seward, the Ameriesa
Gibraltar exchange on London 90 dap, 44 B.°N.ffg a BtateL hiz . " lielh la forwarding the min.
minimum to a Dublinjournal, espreame his belief that it
to 49/. i Lam be. written with • view to naming* an impreaMon Lk _
• - mind of this country, and on that
-- - -

the public mina or eoix .
does riot feel himself at liberty to withhold it from publi-
cation.
" Washington, December 28,1861.
"Yy dear Sir,—l have received your letter of the 2nd
of December. It is a plearet eireumstanos, in these times
el care sad anxiety, to know that the generous friendship
whisk wee se log ape formed between us has on your part,
se it has on my owe, survived the accidents of time and dis-
bar. I thank you dnemely, moreover, for the interest in
the affirms of my country which prompted your communi-
sation, sod 1 have not the least disposition to complain that
you pve it to the pros before it oould reach my hands.
The nobler is Dot a private, but a public use. Yon
bad a right to suppose that, if the advice you
felt coortraboed to give was wise, it ought to be
publicly known • while if, from want of recent
knowledge of Amiriset dein, or soy other cause, it was
unwise, the ialeillpea mere in Europe and America,
whose oesillseira M &weld receive, would be able to
diem* the meer.
" Yes 1/11111ii biffikaspost me, even if official restraints
were tamayeds M awn with yen the questions you
lave mimic- —1 slam owl yes a oopy of such
labile pep as I haws bed ounnissa to write recently
epos the reditina of affairs is the 'United Slides. Yon
will lad therein the reasons which explain my own
which 1 is imprinat respects so different
=Pour own, serely, that moiety on this contieest
amid emoeuntor as mower* at its progress so disastrous as
the &vision of Oho American tinier. It would be war hear-
fesels, contiamally, sad for ever. So also I think that society
is lump hie au ova before equal to what would melt
tram • mini el endietions onit the part of European elates
1m desolates nurse the Atlantic. You view the dangers of
ear diamsney by myself. While I believe war,
wept assarstly and without motive, is not only a
calamity bet a arkss,l think also that the state which
is jut, equal, and Whimnt hi its government, as the
United States, by faros at their political constitution and
their settled convictions sod habits, mire always be, can
and must bear with wars umessawargy
_lured upon it by
sedition within itejuriedietra. We staff sever, with my
ocesset, make a war unneerearily or unjustly against any
fareige state. Standing always, not only in the AO* but
=le didentivim whits our virtue INK be
and pamme lastitellorm the
meherdealeettal:= timinemiss the trasena or the
:=rnef one hums* Wag is the warid, star in this
sr in any that are to orma.
wig deer sir, if you would promote the can.. of
Arselee, elf lulaad..l Great Britain, of t=igateell,
sprit and ata la Pay ems, and without for
the Amara& 1:Inlea.
" I do, Masa, baser that too many of my oeuatipmsa,
heated by pruitan, think and feel differently ; bat flee mu,
who have *ere eel seen but felt. in every hour of ver 1111 e,
and is every elmd{ytiaa, the inspinng and elevating rim=
of such a polltkal eonotitutioe sad such a country, without
seeing a ibi& ask elf injustice committed on anyone, or
suffenag a dsgN blue, myself, there can be but one loyal
wish—namely, that I may die, as I have lived, a citron of
the unbroken American Mira, and may leave to those who
come after me, as we received from those who went before
um, all it. honoured institutions, unimpaired and rain-
irigotlated.—l remain my dear sir, igen, U.,
'To Smith O'Brien, Esq., WILLIAM H. 8/11•31).
Hillary, co. Dahl* Ireland."

Allllll I

ip,--1

a.....i

INIIIIIIIII.

TOO9OII

nois_

coin... !

167
, 11.61
,7A
20.41
• q 9 3!,

II:ii:
au.
w.e.w.
row.
B.W.
A.R.

I 'lir
I i o
6 I Ilt

\-voito tyro
CHE ...XXIMP3I3 INDAY MININGM VANUARY 24, 18102 s
4,41. L 4,3
nta
ofe;ve „LOWY VITZLVIGENet. Tire Confederate steamer Sumter entered Gi MA SWARD'S
OA=IW. RELY
.20
1 red prase, as the Delta left.
Mr Majesty's ships at Gibraltar had
som Fit 1 AND RO 410ME.
Alter than 111 lb* 1"4 Tie following letter has been
ordered to proceed to the Mediterranean. letaiSties from the U. Kt Be
DIPLOMATIC DESPATCH TO THE PON- Gibraltar exchange on London 90 days, 4911 Neat& Mr. owlet is fo
nubile iournaL elOfte