The Express.
London, England, 1855-04-28 00:00:00

I3IPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF LORDS.—FRIDAY, APRIL 27.
The LORD CHANCELLOR took his Mtn the woolsack at
do clack.
PRACTICAL JOKES BY OFFICERS.
The Earl of /MAP lESBEIRY, seeing the noble lord
the commander iweihief in his place, wished to at a gnu-
tin to him on a subject of great importune. Their lord-
, shiye mast have observed with great pais that the caner
Lieutenant Perry, which had brought so meek disgrace apes
the service, bed lately been repeated in an even exaggerated
form. There.had been two such eases-one at Caaterbury,
the other in Ireland. With regard to the latter, as the
noble end gallant lord had already adjudicated epos it, he
would only say that In (the noble lord) hed sot erred oa the
Bide of severity. (Hear, hear.) He would call the &tui-
tion of their lordships to the isstramions delivered to young
of on their first joining their regiments, for he could
mot help tbinkit g how admirably 1 the are would be
governed if those instructions wen but faithfally carried
out. (Cheers.) It wee his firm belief that the parties who
were la faith were the commanding cams of the regimen:o
is which these outrages weaned ; for he could net con-
ceive it possible that they could take place if the officers In
command did their duty as men, as gentlemen, u Christians,
sod in conformity with the admirable instructions to which
he had referred. (Loud cheers.) In the Canterbury case.
be learned from the Tows of Wednesday [the case was re-
ported in the Doily hews of Unduly] that a young
retie sen of the um* of 13400110/11018—• cornet is the 8:b
Inaiskillings, and he understood a young mu of extremely
gentlemanly habits and behaviour—had been 'objected to
the most gross, disgusting. and filthy treatment. He was
softy to say that Mr. Baumgarten had been betrayed into
the folly of seeding a challenge to another cornet, named
leans, Int be was still more worry to add that the officered
the regiments aided and abetted in that duel. It appared,
however, that a sergeant named Brodie was suently
coorcous of his duty, both to the civil mad to the military
law, to interpose. And who did the hoses think was the
party that insisted span the duel going oa t It was the
adjutant of the regiment. (Hear, hear.) He (the
noble earl) wished to God that that ellen and
that sergeant could change places. (Lod sheers
and laughter) The question he wished te vas,
whether the noble lord had isatitated wfesersy
into this transaction ; and id se, whether he welatil be dee
tire make haws to the entitle what his dedslem had been..
Vieevest HARDINOB admitted that the eleisment
which the noble earl bed named lead by se seam been
esaggerated ; and he wee tam to eegms ant lbe sysUne of
practical jolt* lad besenes very le bed taken
very strong eseseetee le re It dews: he had bed Aeon
tried by pout meedelemil sabbavd, sad be bed expreesed
his opinion la staves brae es the WON. 17
however, those memo bed wet bees eueseatellir Gerald wi •
out pledging himself to the mane he eboald take Is the
present case, be should be obliged, he was afraid, to nem-
mend her Majesty to deal by her royal prerogative tell*
tunic offenders im a much more speedy and sumeey
summer (Load avers.)
'lto Earl of HARDWICKE thought that the mills
epihion on the subject of dulling was in the tight dbeellea
hut there could be ao doubt that the result at the same ems
had been to loosen those binds which foveae* eabdsted
between gentlemen. (Hear, hear.) He expressed-me °pia=
whatever on the subject oeditelling, and he was quite ready
to acquiesce in the feeling that prevailed; but it was clear
that since the practice had been discontinued, thme had not
been that stringent determination on the pert of the
military authorities to suppress ungentlemanly conduct
which there ought to . have bees. (Hear, hear.)
In the performance of his duty as the captain of the of bee
Majesty's ships, he had had the eleasi palloapas
whatever in putting down by an immediatelbledamise the
least attempt either at duelling or at proodol Mdse.
(Hear.) He had beard stories with retinues te Mr seeded
of officers even of regiments io London, mad eves atlases
regiments which were employed about the puma of the
eour.iga, which had really utohished him. (Hear.) For
his own pert, if he were commander in-ehief, be would hold
the colonel of every regiment immediately responsible, and
he would deal with him rather than with the criminal him-
self in the most summary manner. (Loud cheers.)
Lord VIVIAN—It is only right to rensiad the noble earl
that the colonel of the regiment now in question is in the
Crimea.

—Vaels/lot HARD WICRE—Of course I meant to say
the colonel or the officer in command.
CHURCH RATES.
•

The Bishop of BiltilikorWnatTed a dissuasion upon
church rates, in which the LORD CuuccaLLoa, Lord
C AAAAA LL, and the Bishop of LONDON. took part.
TRADE WITH RUSSIA THROUGH PRUSSIA.
The Earl of ALBEMARLE rose to present a petition
from the Bristol Chamber of Commerce, praying for a
vigor.2us prosecution of the war with Russia ; and he said
that he should at the same time beg to move for certain
returns of which he had given Yotice of the various products
of His ia imported into this country, up to a late date, in
order to show that there had been more than the usual
quantity of the productions of that country imported re-
cently, thereby proving the inefficiency .f the blockade in
the yew 18.51. At the same time he should ask of her Ma-
t sty's government a question respecting the n.annor in which
they proposed to deal with the trade of the enemy in
the filming campaign. It appeared to him to
bee subject of the greatest importance which could by possi-
bility occupy their attention. Everything was under a
higher power, but, humanly speeklip, km considered her
Majesty's winisten responsible either for peace or war. He
believed it was in their power, either by an energetic and
powerful policy, to put en end to the war or to make the
siege of S bastopol another Troy. He did not usually make
use of expressions uttered in another place, but he might
perhaps 'imamd if he borrowed one from the predecessor
of the noble lord the President of the Board of Trade, la
which he in the happiest phrase stated what should be the
policy 01 the government. His words were " The polity
of the government should be to Jolliet the maximum of in.
jury on Russia, and the minimum of injury on ourselves."
The (motion naturally arose, bad we done so ? The nest
question was, was there a reasonable prospect that me
should do so in the nett campaign ? Wu was declared on
28th March, 1854. As the law then stood it was an act of
tidal, he believed of treason, fir any subject of them
realms to trade with the enemy. Unfortunately for the
country that wholesome law had been departed from, and it
was his sincere conviction that, if it bad been adhered
to, we should now, instead of gummiest as supplianta
suing for peace, and submitting ourselves to the
humiliation of being refused, have had our nighty ad-
versary at our feet begging for peace on any terms
to save him from the fury of a nobility which
our measures had driven into beggary and despair.
We had been asked for an insignificant military force bat
for a large naval armament, with the express intention of
doisp what was premed is the petition he was presenting—
that is, to do the manias. of injury to the enemy and the
minimum to ourselves. The question had been asked over
and over again of the government whether a blockade was
kept up, and the stereotyped answer was that a strict
blockade was preserved. But was it ? is the Bettis it
might have boon well carried on ; but in the Mink Sea it
was penis!, and the partiality was in favour of the
enemy, for we blockaded the mouths of the
Danube and shut in two sillies tisanes' of corn
belonging to our friends and loft the periled the enemy
epee, and let out million. of quarters of thole !lensed. The
British marabout, thinking the Bleak Bea ealsesed, and that
be dared not carry on commerce there, meet le Africa and
India, and got large supplies • bet, la the memblass, the
enemy was before him, and sold kin linseed en that the
British trader sold his at a depeesiallen of Wyse sent.
Here was the maximum of Wary to the Brithit seseehant,
and the maximum of profit to the enemy. From that sad
ether circumstances, this continued dariag the first cam-
paign, and by the unfortunate orders is OMNI Of Assist,
which allowed our subjects to trade telh istais, an
attempt was made to carry on war ea poodle pdsmiples. He
weld not go into ftnres, although Ise hod Illete.teehow the
frierseee in the prWnet. of Ramis. sash as hensgro flax, and
tallow, whisk had taken piste, but be settledalp say that
from the hest meanie it appeared that has milliews of gold
and silver went to Bessie lest year from tide gewieby le pay
kit goods received. Thee, tm inn!~ Wee lie our to
be carried on in 1866 ? Why Mould we Nernittlie bleaden
et last year ? He presumed the Babb eel the Black Sea
enild have a strict end vigenews blesitaile ma he as ships
west. Bet ships were abortive tot the psepow ad
est Remiss goods, for there was a land eftleast=
through the Prussian dominions. It was ossineted In this
way. The goods went to St. Peteeebeeg, bat were
seat from Swinish° and Novgorod to the tastier towns
and so on to Memel. H. said that the geweennest should
do one of two things, either rains the lieelmile and send oat
rues soldiers only to shed blood to &aside the minuet, or
really keep up a blockade and take seeps to seen* Prussia
to close the transit trade. He did set say bow that was to
be done, for of course he left that rimpossibllity to the
government, and did not attempt to deal with it, for at
present he was ally vet= themaisseeeden, with a view
perhaps to a mono es the sulgeet.
He would now go on to theLjesnities et pokibities
of the import of Beside late do esantey.
That was not a new enliest te government, he. being
the fame as the into it was urged en the brae
that thus Mali he eneh sad it was urged
by men wive weft with Btesh, and knew the
WNW, well mil when, advise was worthy of abilities,
whisk wee Neer that by Its hides followed their own tilde
well he Ithelhhed. It might whips be said that he heat
a brief he Ihe Jessica meeshosto& het edam In this ',the
Ohne hams was he an advents be due interests ; sad be
now only wished es their behalf sad that of
stradrhile
that peace shoal be obtained, and that
be done ley suppiag the trade milt Raid&allift
was said such a peekibition would Millet be MOM en
Rook bat great injury on ourselves. He was Nee be
Wl@ Net by stopping the trade with =semi yes eseeld
Mist isealaniable injury on her with the mitimma of in-
jury to enessives. Ho argued this from the peeullar nature
at use wade. The export trade emanated of a few re=
&este Yelped by serf labour,the proerty of tie
Rveryumaziltßuois, from the noble- dews, wee Wale.
New of any kind were not very relied, het a
saillersleneked, with hie sensed is his hand; wee me
le mho lds pewee felt, The expene wore the pee-
=of the neldiseshinMents of Hoek end gamed
set of the WNW, and wry Wag dew le beak wan
SS Ned Our policy WI year our the OM.
eemy ad 'SWIMS the misnames of
the an ese Nest el it wee to soaks‘l,l4.l7_ en the
f. P.l4l.7gUailk:
Se Milk aSO to make that sieunuqp woes. seitintereet
arise beam&
the
wane then that.ithed meads the war
piggies rani the see
es adida, sad let ear

'seem in arms be what it might peace would In t.t.,
till we had made those milieu/landlord% (eel the pas.„
of war. Last year they netted lift • less than weigh, the,
products, Widths whin their horses and carts were a gran
source of profit to then, so much so that hones sad
carts *We brought from the confines of Siberia. The ote•
jact should be to make the war unpalatable to these ma—
to render their exports settleable, and their serfs reptiles
able. The nobility of Russia lived up to their means. jut
there was no middle due to act as their agents in thderlng-
ings with their produces; and they had no money te pen*
for the calming of their goods, end both nose
were ia the hinds of a small body of British merchants,
ware • most respectable and responsible set of men. T
stated that if the law were to be restored to what it was
the beans* of the war, they would utterly Macon
the trade with Ruda ; and they wero to be believed ; hi
surely such men would not run the risk of
dishosoar and banishment, in order to evade the
law. If fors' was given to the statute law in
making it treason to trade with Ruins the effect would be
at nee to destroy two-thirds of her trade, and divert into
ether channels tbrinfoorths of the cipitsl now employed is
it. Tee merchants in the Raisin trade must be men of
onkel, hen the nature of the trade, which was carried on
by advance. Who was there to succeed then in that
trade / There were no merchants who could do it in ex-
inane in Russia, and the Pianists merchants were so low
is credit and money that they paid 20 per tent discount for
meat'. Were than the penny to take up • trade
re enormous capital ? Besides that, from the
pt' of the climate, and the nature of the
men were required as agents who were pa-
sewed of great local knowledge, and in whom the
sting sesfilence must be placed. Row long would it be
Win wait • alms of men would spring up in Rants, and if
fiat did enataally seise, before they were created the trade
of would have been destroyed, the rouble would
eon* down to the vales of an arawat, finances would be in
nataein, and the soldier landlords, the men on whom their
so mast depend in the day of battle, would be ren-
dered and despairing. The prohibition of the
trade d them that they were not merely stripped
of %bonnets, and bur thened with taxation, but that they were
deceived of their rents; and could the war go on after that ?
lie was not speaking ignorantly on this subject, for he had
lied all over Russia, and he was there in 1824, sad
saw the temper of the nobles; and they talked of the mo-
ieties which took place in the following year Just as we I.
this country do in oar cheviot the efficiency of her Majesty's
government. (Laughter.) 1 here was an undefined notion
abroad *nit' the trade with Russia was stopped, we should
be reined. Bat wee there any foundation for that ? The
raw products of Russia were not so rare that they were not,
to be found in any other country. They were not
like cotton, which was confined to a particular climate.
With regard to hemp, that of Russia was by no mesas the I
beat, the Manilla hemp beating it in the market by 16 per
cost. Hemp was also obtainable from the north of France
and from Lombardy. If you looked to India, it was won-
derful to witness toe superabundance of the productions
which were got from Russia. The country swarmed with
hemp and flax, sad if there was not animal tallow there was
the substitute tar it. From the Himalaya mountain
to ten degrees of south latitude, there grew trees fur-
nishing hemp and flax in abundance. There was a
nettle prodatitng_a fibre equal, indeed superior to the best.
Russian fibre. The Bassin fibre broke with a weight of
150 lbs., but the fibre of this nettle would hold up 400 lbs.
From the Philippine Isles cane the Manilla rope, formed
of • product which after clothing four millions of people
cane into the market and made the beet rope in the world.
It was used very much in America, and the Atalanta, a
venal which ran some of our yachts so bard had all her run-
ning rigging supplied frost hinting rope. It was net
merely in the vegetable creation that there was a rival
to Russian hemp ; but there was another in
iron, which was coming into competition with it in the
market. When chain cable. came into use down went the
pries of hemp. Now, too, wire rope was used in all the
great steam companies and by all the great shipping
neaten. He wished to'call the attention of their lordships
to a statement of the Meters. Noble, the great hemp
broken, who said that if the government would declare it
unlawful to trade with Rusin for one year, such an impetus
would be given to the grower of textile productions that
they would be able to compete with Russia, even if the trade
was then revived, both in pries, quality, and quantity.
With regard to flax, no country was more fitted for pro-
dudes it than Ireland, and if an effectual blockade against
Ruston trade was established, • great eneours_gensent
would be given to its cultivation in that country. He had
recently even Sir J. M'Neil, the engineer, who told him,
that on the faith that the blockade would be strictly enforced,
and that no flax would be allowed to come in from Russia, be
had laid 600 acre in Ireland tinier flax, but now he found
that the market wee glutted and he could not obtain a
price for the produce. Then as to tallow : before the war
was declared, Russian animal tallow was already losing its
place in the market, having been to a great extent =-
weeded by vegetable oile. When the duty on soap was
taken off, many substitutes were found ;for the manufacture
a that article which answered better than animal tallow.
At Price's candle factory—the largest probably in the world
—no animal tallow was used—palm oil being the chief ma-
terial out of which their candles were made. The palm
that yielded this tallow in the greatest abundance was found
Zitpally on that part of the African coast where the
illtde most prevailed, and it was a well known fact,
that as the commerce in this oil and the other natural pro-
duets of the country increased, the slave trade decreased;
esimequently, by abolishing the order in oouneil of 1854, they
would do much towards diminishing the pressure of that tr de.
Another substitute for animal tallow was to be found in the
Gil extracted from the ground, or pig nut, which was pro-
duced in almost every part of Asia and in many parts of
Africa.TheFrenehwere large manufacturers and exporters of
wadies and soap, the material seed for which was almost
exclusively this ground nut oil, the supply being drawn
chiefly from Algeria. Again, to show how tedly
substitutes rise up when required, he might refer to the
products obtained from Irish peat by the Irish Peat Com-
pton. From that article 'tallith. oil was entreated in large
quantities, sod though at tint it had been sold at Is. a
sallow, it had been found so valuable for lubricating
iami that the value had risen to sa. a gallon. There
ositlneelittle doubt, therefore, that this Peat Company
would tarnish inquests to the substitutes for Russian tallow if
the order in council were done away with and the statute
law were left where it was preview to that order in council
being issued. Thanks to the inalikint manner in which the
blesurade had been maintaind, sod the facilities given for
the introduction of Rambo poem ihrowsk other countries,
oar markets were dindod with Rains ilex, Russian
tallow, and Basilian hemp, sad the penis of those articles
had fallen in proportion. It was said that if the order in
council were abolished, the consequence would be to en-
courage competing manufactures on the part of neutral
powers. But what was the mighty competition we had to
fear? Preemie was the only country wherein that soap
petition could arise, gad there were but sine flax-mills in
the whole of that mantry. To carry on a competing trade,
Prussia mast import machinery from this country, and
embark a large amount of Pinta, which, under prosiest
circumstances at last, she was not Maly to do. But
whether or not, it was not to be supposed that Prussia
could be permitted to go on is a state of quasi-hostility,
breaking our blockade, and allowing Russia. goods to come
through her territory, and at the same time supply
the enemy with arms aced munitions of war. (Hear,
hear.) But beyond this, before then competing mann.
(inane were even started, Pings would probably find
herself in the position of being compelled herself to
prohibit the import of Russian goods into her territory, or
of having her own ports blockaded and a foreiga army on
her Rhenish frontier. Nobody could yet say whether then
might sot be an appeal to nationlitite. The panibility of
steel a contingency had been already referred to by one
minister nth. grown, and he believed was not viewed with
absolute displeasure eves by the Prime Minister. But
even should the worst come to the wont all the competition
we could possibly have to meet he. Peng* would be a
million yards or so of Silesian Berea. Under the plan pro-
peed the burden of proof et anlgla was to rest with the
importer, sad to be tested by this British consul at the port
of enbarkatfam. But this woo Rabb to evasion. Exporters
might be had to swear tomyth's', and a blundering
nosed might Shot the golden of Riga or St. Peters.
Wm cos
*at of or Slim* He could not, how
owin on why the Colton Winn should noels able
ee detect fraud if it won attempted. The brokers had
me difficulty whatever in distinguishing_ Ronan
peed from that of other countries, and if necessary
thoir *levies' might be called in. Again, those engaging in
Ides trade would generally be men of capital and character,
sad as the price of Russian goods would not be enhanced
man than a trifle per sent, it would not be worth while for
OM to risk their capital, much lees their character, by en
hairking la en illegal trade, offering so little pronged of riF
mwoontion. He admitted that there would be some little
diffieelty, but he had shown that the sacrifices we should be
Wiwi spots to make were not so serious as was supposed.
No Min knit% a great external trade could eater tato a
war netted annoy sacrifices. War always 'nailed two
bordsms, viz., a heavy expenditure for the maintenance of
hop military sad naval establishments, and the loss arising
him interruption of trade while the war continued, which
hies of trade would always be in proportioa to the extent
if the Wan carried oa with the massy, and the
of the easy to interfere with our trade.
row, in this lupin haw did England stand
with yowl to Erma? la liso first plan, we were carry-
ing on en own Pais, notwithstaadisg the war, without in-
terruption. Coomioniallysling, Russia was the enemy
with whom we soda bin to be at war ; because
during the period_ of pont sibs had nand mown* upon
our trade by In bMfle tae that say odor pawl. la a
tale and open trade bens& any two inducted
upon priadpiso I/equality, Os balsam in Ind silver
to bo paid is the innings of the predertfim would have
amos to be paid by the ems onotry Ind montimes by
the other. But bow stood the on is ninon Is Rana I
Fres the last returns that wen Inds up, In hind that
the whole of the British exposes to Runs annoted Is
1,2211,4001. is the year, whin we remind fron em
to
11,019,11411. ; so that we had a Wm. is gold or don SO
par toßesat of upwards of 1, ~ wish* Weed Ili=
Lit roan of the lisidra 7=
On whin
b. to maks! tits him to Rink greater din IP ono
mica. (Rear) ittlashwtriods with as was of man snow
Os bar them mon Wilk bar was to us, it woo ea *nu
is load that by stopping her trade wo pees
Anumbswit of Wary upon Russia the
runless. In int tot the matter by
eo✓fall
of s the t,Teasantek ties to bear rano edomwhab 4.
ri sa
tiatlo!heßliatia. All
ion :161 "Pe
ese ll anis lB5B
_R wire
was 'sly 4200,0004 By long our net* nonsmo,