The Press.
London, England, 1856-05-03 00:00:00

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No, 1 57.—VoLt IV.

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LONDON, SATURDAY,‘IiLir 3, 1856.

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No sooner is the Treattyof Pope, with th(
companying papers, laid on the table
Legislature than a new, unexpected, and
calamitous difficulty presents itself. W
no desire to magnify the gravity pf thi
eumstancc ; it is of a nature to force its(
the notice of every man in this country,

excite the strongest feelings of apprehei
We do nOt propose here to discuss the
of the Treaty. They are in general of a
factory character. The two points of mos)
portanee to the commercial interests

world—the neutralisation of the Black
and the freedop, of the Danube—have
fairly carried out. Russia hea been remo

from all control over the mouth of that
watercourse, which will hereafter assume
importance for all purposes of cornmunic
with the countries of Central Europe.
could have wished that a decision had
taken to unite the two Danubian proving
by such union they might have postal
considerable internal strength, and
grown into a prosperous and inclepe'
State. We have not much faith in the

reign superintendence of Turkey; but w
hope, as a commission will sit to regula
conjunction with the Porte, the constr.l
and government of these provinces. dial
welfare will be duly cared for, and that
may be freed from the vexatious intrigut
interference of their powerful neighbours
matter which strikes us as of paramour
portance in no way concerns them.
It is necessary, however, to dwell
moment on the Convention between R
and Turkey which regulates the anror
naval force they shall respectively maint.
the Black Sea Each power may keep
six armed steam-vessels of eight hundre,
and four of two hundred tons. The fa
small, and is professedly for purpo!
Hice, but no statement is made wl
these vessels are, under any eiremnst
to be available for the enforcement of blc(
On this point explanation is required.
emPloyment of this force—notwithstandi
terms of the Treaty, that the Black Sea
malty interdicted to war navies—wou,
lawful, we shall probably soon hear
Russia has announced a blockade of th,
eassian coast. Foe, incredible as it. may
we do not find that any kind of provisro
been made to prevent Russia from impact]
mllPloying her whole military power to a,
the conquest of the Caucasus.
Ivlren the fifth point, empowering the
to bring forward conditions not exp
Stated, came to be discussed, Lord CLAR,
asked for explanations respecting the Ri
torts nrr
p
the Circassian coast which had
artially
destroyed. His Lordship sees
141ve argued—for the Protocol on this r
Is exceedingly brief—that to restore
forts would be to violate the principle 0
neutralisation of the Black Sea. The 14
Plenipotentiaries held, on the contrary
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'LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 33 1856
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•,.. there vas an intelligible and brqad distia.ction 4 reWittrfu LE Pr; is, it appears, illeady fordcticit on '
bet tv'een pure4iiiilit,a,ryfortS and militar,Olaval tbsospot. . The atniy of - Motflavre Fr; stiA3figtili-
;
~ • a.rsentiis... The point• at issue was adjotirnedp ender and iqgpirited by the spoil of !Mali', Wit .•. • .
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and we do not notice that it was again hreught be. AV oncet available for the now theatid:aai
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. under discussion. Lord C LA,RENDODi ' most operatiki opened to it ; whifg the-sitninalide -.,,,
e. . -
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likely gave way on this point, . as: he .appeera force in'the Criinea, :released ftom she;thityirdt
• to have done on every matter of real import- maintaining its ground against thi#Alliiisvwill
anee brought under discapsion. No question be able tO4send reinfOrcementstalie4ciiire'oll
•
the ac- seems,ever to have been asked as to the Use action-to• any. extent that itiay 4)er rewired:• -.fil,:t ;.-:-
of the Russia designed to. make' of these forts, though The organisation of the army' foitikg. chrtqamit ,Ad
that was one of the most important questions of the Caheasus is, rapidly' prtiteediag—regi- • t ;
I most which could have notne before the Conference. mehts laic `on- their Mara.. toglie spot,l eta ..44:
'e have In discussing the Asiatic frontier of Russia, already 'WC are inforrned byarieounts•lynftrff.it: • 'Ar
*
us cir- and her relation with the countries cast of the Petersburg that large supplied of•rdl,liirds:riiii ~,1
'elf on Black Sea, all mention of the Caueasus seems being forwarded for the use pf. thQ, Caucasian - , ,Z-
to have been scrupulously avoided. It is well ' army. I . z• „ .. r -si
and to ,. s;(0
known that the independent existence of the It will be impossible for the Ogutrailteris 'to 0
! nsion. warlike tribes of that country has had a resist the invasion with which they are tln•eat. , %e
i terms powerful effect in preventing Russia from ex• ened. The military power whigh opposed ,'•.4
satin- tending laer Transcaucasian dominions. Since England, France, and Turkey itrarms,- fano* :
~ ~
ost im-
the „perioel when PETER the GREAT first in- to he directed solely against them. They per,
waded the Caucasus,!, Russia has never aban_ ceive their danger. As we write, an announce=
of the dined the hope of completely subjugating that ment appears that a deputation from Cireassia i•
.t,4 H '
k Sea, country. Her policy has been constant, though had arrived on the 34th of April at Constantf- i. • ~
a been her action has been intermittent and far from nople to request the recognition and the gnu- -, . . •! 1 )1
vigorous. From various reasons she has never rantee of their country by the Parte. -What : .4' ',
moved
thought it worth her while to put forth her answer will be returned to them? • This sub- - 1 ; 1
t great whole strength for the attainment of her -bjcct, ject could not have been overlooked by our r I
<*t , • . i 1
re new and the armies she has employed, though suf- Government ;,bilt, oh the other hand, is it -I', 4. s-, 1
ication ficient to keep the Caucasians in check, have -possible that it- Astir deliberately come to- *' , J -..iiri ~ . ) ,
, We never been suffiei-ntly strong to overrun and resolution to connive at the conquest of the ~. -'ll- - "w• ,0' !
1 been occupy the country. Hence the Caucasus has Caucasus ? If so—and it does not appear that • 7 • .
.ces, as subsisted as a curb upon Russian power at amid the multifarious topics discussed nt the
,sensed the very gates of Asia Minor, and pre- Conference one thought was given to this point ,
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, have vented that extension of her influence through —we shall have concluded a peace which is in -74 ' I
Dndent Central Asia which would certainly and imme- reality no peace, as hostilities will continue on -‘•
; cove- diately take place if the barrier were over- the very borders of the Black Sea, and Russia
ye may come. will probably at last close the War by a con-
ate, in As connected with the legitimate aims of quest which she has been attempting for more
itution the War, and as contributing to the safety of than a century past, which will prodigiously
I
,t their the Asiatic provinces of Turkey, it was au increase her power and fame in Asia, and far
,t they object of the highest importance to make some more than compensate her for the defeats sho I
Les and provision for the independence of the Cau- has sustained at the hands of the Allies.
3 The casus. Some guarantee of the kind was de- We believe that the public will await expla. ' '''
1
.ut im- mended, not only from considerations of nations on this point with the greatest anxiety.
sound policy, but from motives of humanity A contingency has arisen which they had not
. for a and good faith. During the War the Cau- the slightest reason to expect. While we re- 0
Russia casians have been, in fact, our allies ; we have mained in ignorance of what was passing at
nint of recognised the value of their successes against the Conference, the Russian Government
tarn in our enemy, and have applauded their invincible seems to have been making active prepara-
afloat patriotism and splendid exploits. We will tions for this new war ; and all the resources
.d tons, venture to say that no independent person in which had been accumulated in case the con.
Orce is this country who ever seriously directed his test with the Allies should have been con-
)ses of thoughts to this subject, imagined for a tinned, are now to be employed for the com-
-heti= moment that a peace would be made without plete and final subjugation of the Caucasus.
tances, some stipulation in favour of this heroic This result is so uulooked for and astounding, ,
;ekade. people. During the war in Asia Minor the that we eau yet seincely believe it possible.
Ifsuch Caucasians materially impeded the operations ‘Ve are sure that if a resolution has been,
ins the of our enemy, and kept a portion of their indeed, arrived at to leave the Caucasians to gil
is for- forces in check. To abandon them to the their fate, the people of this country will regard
old be mercy of Russia after having experienced the it as a most afflicting and dishonourable ter. •••1
7
r that value of their services would be, not only to mination of the War; and that it will entirely CO
le Cir- commit a great blunder, but to perpetrate an destroy the satisfaction with which they
03
' seem, act of unparalleled baseness. By their heroic would otherwise have welcomed the return of
-,
on has efforts they have hitherto been enabled to pre- Peace. The thought that the Treaty just con- ....
diately serve their independence against an immense eluded will be signalised on the part of Russia Ce...•
ichieve superiority of force; but it is very doubtful by an overwhelming invasion of the Caucasus, 7
whether they will be enabled to do so longer if and the extermination of its heroic people,
r
Allies now left to fight their battle single-handed. The will cast a gloom over the mind of the country, -
cy:
pressly circumstances of their relation to their foe are and make the day appointed for. r ' ' a
TENDON entirely changed. day of profound regret and hutma kin, -"•••. , •t
CD
. • im
Russian By the action of the War the military power •••- • :.
A
d been of Russia has been so concentrated as to
,:ms to allow of an overwhelming force being directed TILE PROTOOOI.S.
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matter against the Caucasus. The Georgian army on THE Treaty of Peace, and all that relates to. , ,:.
these one part, and the Crimean army on the other, has probably had one reader - fur every teA! :
of the are conveniently disposed for acting against
thousand wLo devoured w • with avidity tit
tussian the Caucasus with irresistible numbers. A per- .
7, that tion of the Russo-Caucasian army, under Gene-
,
excitilig incidents of war with-which this. limb