The Express.
London, England, 1863-02-21 00:00:00

TRANSPORTATION TO WESTERN Al

Earl STANHOPE gave notice that on Friday next he
should move for • copy of a memorial presented on the 12th
inst. to the Duke of Newcutle by a deputation of colonists
from Wetmore Australia on the subject of transportation,
and that ha should also call attention to the state of that
isotopy.
POOR RELIEF (IRELAND) BILL.

Lord LIFFORD brosight in a trill to wood certain sec-
Coos of the Irish Poor Relief Act of List session. The bill
sras laid on the table and reed a first time.

POLAND.

The Earl of ELLENBOROUGH, in rising to move that
the government would lay opal the table any despatch from
the Consul Geoeral at Warsaw, in as far as it relates to the
immediate origin of the present insurrection in Poland ;
also, to ask whether any communication had been made by
the Huainan government with respect to the origin of the
insurrection, or by the Prussian government with
respect to any engegement it may have entered into
with a view Co aiding the Russian government in its
suppression, said Observe what has occurred in
eonaequenoe of this insurrectioa provoked by the
conduct of Ramis. At the present moment
Runk cannot be °moldered as any longer in Europe.
France, and England, and Piedmont combined together, a
few ysan ago. to bar bar pump through the Bosphorus.
They succeeded in that object. She has now barred against
herself access into Europe on the north-east, and her fron-
tier is practically thrown book. It would be impossible to
bring her troops through Poland in the state of that
sentry, and for a considerable time it necessarily mart be
so. She Ida not only to reconcile herself with the Poles,
but she must reconcile herself to the public opinion of all
Europe. (Cheers.) Depend upon it that already the sullen
murmurs of the public reprobation of all the nations of
Europe most have made themselves heard. (Hear, beer.)
Look around and see the consequences we have reason to
apprehend. We can look back and recollect during bow
many years the Poles fought gallantly in the ranks of the
French army. So long as there exists in France the sent l.
meet of military honour—so long ea they can have the
memory of the brilliant achievements of the noble brother-
hood in arms which led them in the most untoward and
disastrous circumstances stall to stand by the colours they
lad chosen--as long as this feeling remains in Franc*,
France most be in inert with Poland; and with regard to
the Emperor of the French—who of all owe in Europe is
the most delicate observer, and is the most sensitive to spore-
. hand any chain ia public opinion—do you think it pomade
that that which is and must be the sentmeat of the Freon
=and the French army must not soon become the sea-
of the Emperor! Austria has throughout acted
loyally, according to the dictates of international law, and
neither Russia nor any other power can blame her for her
conduct. But what are we to say with regard to Piaui.!
It is but • few weeks ago since the King of Prussia sum-
moned bin army and has people to celebrate the fiftieth
anniversary of the summons of their King to the field, when
in 1813 Prussia, as a nation, wised her arms and marched at
the side of Russia against France. It was not only the
summons of the King which lad them to adopt that mune.
It was already adopted by a portion of their owe army. It
was a feeling of resentment which it was impossible to con-
trol when they looked back to the long course of indignity
and suffering to which France had subjected them. They
nee to redeem the honour of their country—to demand for
themselves the position and rights of an indepmdent people,
and can it be exploded by any sovereign, however mediaeval
his Dodoes of sovereignty may be, that that army, that
those who now represent that army, can impioved to the
frontier of Poland for the purpose of acting against those
wen Priariplea, the advancement of which was their object
in 1813, and the advancement of which has gain them the
high rank they have since obtained in Europe. Prairie
owes everything m a action, her army, is respected in
Europe, because she send on the very principles, and was
incited by the fenny which the King now called upon
the army to act ag en the frontiers of Poland.
That aunt be ; it is cannery to more, to the feelings of
a nation aed of au army, and If the King of Prussia to those
acts which have already licensed his people sad his per.
attempts to move his army to the frontier in ceder
to trample on the very principle to which he owes his in4e-
peadeac• and the honer of his enntry, there will arise a
ends in that country which may mend yet further and
ten to disorganise all the states of Europe. I will sot pis-
toled to entertain any peculiar views with respect to the
manses that may have given rise to peat event* in the
world ; but I confess I have end an ordering reliance
spot the beeelicsoce of Providence—that Providence
from whirl ell great events mud spring—that, lookiog at
the insentient, tanner In which Providence effects its par-
pose, drawing goad tem evil, I cannot but hope that, dread-
ful as the view is whip* I sow have of the stated things in
Poland in this horrible war, in which both parties destroy
and both are mid to niammee—whatever may be the misery
sow inflicted on Poland, I will =Within the hope that it, is
the commencement of • brighter era, and that even we may
live to see that which has been the object of all statism=
for 80 years—the reestablinment, if not in its integrity, at
lead I. its stnsph, ether a constitutional government, cif
the sable maim tithe Pass. (Lind cheen.)
Earl RIISIELL, who was hid/Snotty head said that,
la answerhig the noble earl, be would conlio • himself to i he
facts of the OWN as far as they woes known to him, aad
would abstain se far as possible from the expr,,tu, of
epiaion with regard to what was gong on rola n,i. He
would en, in the first instmes, that he could not exisiet-
entiy with his duty give reports from the oment-postal
at Winn, banes their predestion at the premed ma-
ern would make the prints el that funaceary a meat
dillicialt we. It would be ispandtde for him to give an
anent of events withoort giving offing* to on or other of
the parties who were new so apposed to min other. With
=ardthe surprised the ends art, he mast wry he did
to
thiak the inenreedime wee so snit= and imexpeeted es
scud le at lout to those who were is the
el ressiviog w ly accounts et what wee piag on in
Last year, there were in Warsaw great gather-
inip of men and women is the churches, singing at times
=4l:hmas. sad there were pest demontrations of
rit.honf say brown of the peen It was hepatitis
list these demseilesliene could have gees on fora twig
lime winced Freiman( en the en band an incline-
lima on the pert d the government of the Eat-
pone el Bona to swede to the wishes of the Poles,
or, on the other, leading the Poise to eels of noises.
la soesider2 the stain of Maud they most divide the
list wenn into three differed portion—
Wpearat landed arineeney, the middle aad the pali-
mony. The landoweem were detonable& if pessible, to
bring their grimaces to the feet of the tartan Ind they
determined et the same time net he leek en Me an of
rennin, and not to ems fares for theesoomplinentiof their
which was, neeeeding to the idesinsion be hod ro-
salved, te get ocsinitutionl goverment ri repennetaine
nalitatioes, • Polish administration, esti the me of the
language of the country. With roped be put of
these objects, he believed that they limo also
the objects of the present Fropnor el Be is.
Whereas the object of former emperors was to met out the
language of the people and to convert the people from the
Roman catholic to the Greek church, the Emperor,
on the contrary? favoured the national
took a most enlightened view of what was due to Poland.
But when the leaded aritocrecy met, in conformity with
the wishes of the Emperor, they prepared an address in
which they stated, is the first place, their wishes that
Poland should be enlarged by the addition of certain Rus-
sian provisoes which formed part of the kingdom of Poland
before the first partition of that kingdom in 1772 ; and
secondly, they asked for constitutional institution. He
believed these wines of the Poles were not different from
those which were entertained roy the Emperor Alexander
L, and not inconsistent with the general provisions of the
treaty of Vilma in which that Emperor had so much
But when the sadness, which was signed by 200
Polish nobles. was pressated, the grand duke toll them
they had violated some law, and Count Zamoyeki, who
presented the address, was sent to St. Peteisburg to se.
count for his conduct He was then told that it would be fee
the interest of the kingdom that be should quit it alto-
gether, and he came to England. While in England be was
informed that Ids wife was on the point of death,
and he asked permission to visit her. Owing to some fen
tale, the telegram, be believed, never retched its nano-
tioo, and therefore he received no psentisaioo. Thum all the
encl...yours of the Polish aristocracy to secure representative
institutions came to an end. He now are to the second or
middle clam of the population of Poland. This class, find.
lag themselves reduced to despair, formed secret societies,
who entertained extreme social theories and republican
views. The government, aware of the existence of these
secret societies, it was epee to them to prosecute the mem-
ben, and to set towards them with severity,
but they might eonaisteotly with this have in-
troduced such improvements in the emetittitioa and
administration of affairs is Poland se would have
satisfied • large portion of the population, sod would I
not he ineonetvot with the views of the Einem himself.
Unfortunately the tonne taken was of an oppomo„
Coo ; and acting under the advice of a distinguished Pole,
the Grand Duke ordered • military coaseeiptioe. Hs would
not describe the effect of that act, which Lai bean so paw.
call, described by the Noble earl, bet he would say it was
calculated to drive the people to despair. (Cheers.) A eon.
scripting was in itself a measured great miority, for it con.
damned mail who had no taste for the military profession
to embrace a military life. Although the apnea of ece-
scriptice existed in other countries than Rama, several of
the sovereigns introduced such modifications of it from time
to time as rendered it somewhat tolerable. The government
of Russia itself introduced a law in lion, by which so
row persons were to be taken is every 100 or
1.000 the selections being made with something
like justice sod fairness, and exemptions allowed
whim warranted by the circurnetames of the Ma.
Imaged of taking the legal worm the government of Poland
opined is the tint Mama that the whole coesciri=
should belevied apse the towns in which they con
the spirit of anima-doe to prevail, and that it should gist
to levied apes the ennen where the peasant were tees
enteete& That of Intl wee a pen Wynn. Hid they

went beyond this, and not only ordered that the whole num-
ber should be taken from the town, bat they obtained from
the police, an the noble earl said, Wilde lists of persons
who, without env trial or any examination
were assumed to be guilty of disloyalty, anus
were seised and carried away as soldien, though
Dot fairly liable to cothuriPttus• The feeling Lro•
duped by a measure of this sort might be imagined. The
persons who were connected with secret societies, and who
might have intended at some time or other to the in revo-
lution against the government, but probably never would
have carried the intention into execution, were driven to
despair. They thought if they must serve as soldiers that
they would rather shed the last drop of their blood for Poland
than waste their lives in distant lands in the service of Rus-
sia. Those who were not engaged in conspiracies were struck
with alarm lest they might he suspected, and thus they
were at once determined to By from the towns and risk
their lives in the insurrection. Those were the facts of the
cam, and this measure, though it was not taken with re-
spect to a populatioe perfectly triaged and wall affected,
was • measure which be thought no &Sisk minister would
venture to justify. (Cheers.) In conversation with the
Russian minister, and in writing to her Majesty's ambassador,
ha (Earl Russell) could not forbear from miaowing
his opinion upon what he could not hesitate to
declare the most imprudent and most mind step that
the Russian government could have taken. (Chess,.)
With respect to the mooed point of the
noble earl's question. which related to the engagements
under which the Prussian government bad bound itself to
assist in suppressing the revolt, he had bad conversations
both with the Russian and the Prussian Ambaemdors on thin
subject, but they had not tarnished him with copies of the
convention, indeed they had informed him that they had
no such copies. They had, however, informed him generally
of the nature of the convention. The Russian ambassador
had told him that day that it was not a convention
for the purpose of suppressing insurrection in Poland,
bet be (Earl Russell) understood from him and
from the Premise ambassador that the purport of the
convention was this—that instead of Prowla being perfectly
neutral, in which case Russian soldiers, either taking re-
fuge from, or in pursuit of insurgents, Mashing upon
Prussian territory would be disarmed and kept so as 'mg
as they remained there—they had that Rossini
soldiers taking refuge on Prussian soil should retain and
keep their arms, and if they were in pursuit of Polish in.
surgeota, that they should be permitted to pursue them sad
take then, prisoners if they could. tSematioa.) Be understood
that the obligations were reeiprocel, and if an insurrection
should take place io the Polish provinces of Prussia, that
Prussian soldiers would be allowed to pursue the insurgents
into Russian Poised, and take primers any in/Wlllita
they might be able to find there. TIMM, as far as be could
understand from verbal information, were the engagements
between Russia and Prussia. With regard to Austria, the
Austrian minister had read to him a despatch, showing
the policy of the Austrian government, in which the govern.
meet of Austria declared it would take no part with to.
Rand to this &bah insurrection, but that it would
strictly comply with all its engagements with Russia.
Austria would not permit any arms or ammunition
to cross the frontier, or my persons in arms se insurgents
to take advantage of any shelter is its territory, in
order to make an attack upon the Russian provinces of
Poland. But beyond that the Austrian government had
When no measures such ea those he bad mentioned in the cub
of Preemie. The Austrian government declared, in the name
of the Emperor of Austria, that it wax his wish that biz
subjects in Galicia should enjoy all the privileges they at
premed bad, and that he would not seed any more
into 011.111:9& than were there before the bre=
out of the insurrection, but would rely entirely on
his people. (Cheers.) He (Earl Rumen) could not help
expressing to the Prussian ambassador his opinion that the
Premier government, in taking • share in the suppression
of this insurrection, did in some way make itself responsible
after the fact for those measures of conscription which had
been adopted. (Cheers.) Be thought he bad already stated
to their lordships all the details of the subject which he
had at present at command, but as to any advice to be
given, that must be • matter of most serious dent*.
ratio°. They did not know at present the whole a•
Mt of the objects and scope if the insurrection ;
thag did not know that it might not be • mere movement
of demur' against which the iofluenoe of property might
sot successfully be brought to bear ; or whether, on the
other had, it might not extend further and become a na.
tional movement. Under these circumstances he must de- '
dine to produoe the papers to which the noble earl had
referred.
The Earl of MA LMERBURY geld be did not clearly en•
derstand from the noble earl whether, if the imamate took
refer without being amend, ibe/ would be given by
the Premien government to that eir Ruth. He conM not
wit down without expressing his sincere sorrow at what he
bad heard was the attitude of the Prussian government.
Earl RUSSELL said he had not been informed if there
were any artiele or stipulations in the convention as to
neerreed refuges
PRDSON DISCIPLINE.

ITpori the motion al the Bari of Cemmeroe, • select
committee sae appointed to consider aed mod on the
prompt state of dieetaillse is pole and homes or correction.
Their lordships adjourned as a gamier put 6.

1101713 Z OF COMMONS.—Fmax, Fn. 20.
Tba 13111AKEI took tka elude at font o'clock.
PRIVATE BUSINESS.
Tks Penzance and St. Just Roads Bill was raid a salad
flea.