The Express.
London, England, 1852-07-31 00:00:00

THE GOLD FIELDS OF AUSTRALIA.

Mr. John Fairfax, editor of the Sydney Nom*
liread, who is now spun • visit to this aoratry, delivered
s beton. on the Australian gold fields, to • numeroussun,Leamiugton, on Wedoesday.
Auer lirietly describing the geographical position and
features of Australia, Mr. Fairfax gave • cones. sketch of
.press 1.111 C.: the first discovery of the island by this
its 'urel, affording at the same time some interesting infer-
wawa reelecting the aborigines of New Holland,
and pointing out the relative positions and chi,.
To., to of the respective colonies. The origin
.
10,1 regrew of the important settlements were
mod with great minutenee. He poured out the
gut", of the couviet system, and showed the wonderful
rue of l'ort l'hillip since 1840, when it ceased to be a ors-
vict sttlesent. The lecturer than directed the attention
of his hearers to the religion, politico, commerce, &grits!.
toe, and statistics of New South Wales. The state-paid
churches an the English, the Scotch, the Wesleyan, and
goatee catholic. The total amount paid to them in 1630
no.. Abut .0/..1001. The epiaeopslian establishment is
sniper gn.si otiligetioss to the Christian Kaowledge Society
10.1 the Society for the l'rupagatios of the (iospel; about
I; MY. aanually granted for educational purposes. In
1;11 the !spoils uf New South Wales were 931,300 i., the
1-..4 100 i. • in IMO the imports were 2,078,3001.,
capons •
,:ports :.d7 J,4&111. Atter some valuable observations
en the progress of the commercial interests, the lee-
tuna a. at captained the manner in which this gold
s hod beta made, quoting the opinions and pudic.
'r lioderick Murchison and other scientific gentle-
g„ii Ile Om described the excitement which it had
At the time, and traced out the present and future
aaportint changes likely to be etfecte.l by the increased
gni.,051 ot the precious metals. Fairfax csacluded an
wei,iung and able lecture, replete with valuable infer-
m,y.„ Tway subject of importance in the orlosy, with
tai ;.. ing ohs realities .--
!;. ionic persons apprehensions of fearful consequences
sn Lt. Ora. d ; by others, whose high-premise, notions are
KV..lltl the power of steam, results of the utmost magnitude
gaol ,:i-est.st bleoiedness are dreamed of. leaking
room,. upon the 013 country, and then casting a fond
ni • intents that are springing up under the foe.
Orr of British mannerr, British laws, and
1.! t ; nmemhering that but yesterday in
ur e niark.t "The first quotation of Consols for
.i,ey was 1.01 to f, and that they left off at 100/ to I foe
▪ and lotij to j for the account ;" seeing the glad-
oats:lice sit trade and commerce everywhere; and
tN peace as..l prosperity which prevails OS both side: of
the ht:antic, as wed as on those shores where the Facile
• ler quiet billows; and reflecting, too, upon him who
Lac ws.d. Surwls thin- is a rein fur the silver, and a
ow gild where they find it; as fur the earth, out of it
0,, eol. loc.!. the .tunes of it are the place of sapphires,
and d both dust of gold;" 1 say, leashing calmly on all
ens cousiderstioas, I bare no tears for the future. The
an o.rr, f the earth have been opened up under the spe-
wc pr.viden.e of floil himself. At the moment when
you t'r”tal l'alsce was thrown open to the admiring gage
e: Lampe, a far distant colony was presenting her
fear dicinetion and tame. The May of 1851, am both
..we et the clot*, is indeed a memorable era. Sever may
the ilublren gel Britain on those distant shoran be • disgrace
sole parent state. Het may the honour, the virtue, the
ib.iney.4 moral characer, and, above all, the pure religion
of :tor &hie, be transplanted sad cultivated on their 'inl—
aid as the tender plant, to wither and die in • day, but as
the cohls o whose nets deepen, widen, and strengthen,
ty the steer...ay And storms of tone. A few remarks to the
upeolni rmignat, and 1 ;hare done. To the young sou
t::.Jan•-reams sad weber habit, and of moral ehareeter,whose
4,%.• n pups, • course of honest perseverance—unap-
ps....l ;.y dilieulty and danger-1 my go. To the idle, the
it.oi, the druaken—hr who is reckless alike of his
eon pis, and the sorrow he causes to others-1 my stay;
Li .t !. hi go to a warm climate and persevere in your pre-
Mat amts. you will he an outcast, yea will die miserably,
5r...n.14 moo, and, perhaps, sispitied by God. The
ta, anat wants of the colonists are capital end labour.
r employment on • large scale is constantly being
pre,. slid. There are minis of wealth only waiting invest-
raeota, sail requiring men to work them. The railroad
napes) base advertised for 200 men; and in a retest
1.3. r from the president of that company, he infoems
si tbst the contractor contemplates giving up the con-
pet in consequence of being usable to obtaia men.
I,e Bathurst Copper Mining Company', In the Herald
01 April 17, advertises for 100 rasa. In the southern
u..trut • new copper mine has been discovered; the ore
ho been transmitted to England for smelting, sad it hie
!sin prenoliaced equal in the yield to the Burrs BUM.
I In, also nat a stand. Tile Fitzroy Iron Miring Company
in a similar position. It is situate at Mingo's', on the
pest southern road, within 70 miles of Sydney, and extends
over • surface of about 12 acres. It is doubtless of volcanic
formation. as three distinct mounds or craters appear, and
the lava (iron ore), instead of the general pumice stone,
tt ors from each mound of a depth of from 6to 10 feet.
1.4 wield of this mine is remarkable. When smelted the
on produces steel of a moat *opener character. (The lec-
turer exhibited specimens of las on in its original state,
',dot the metal in its manufactured state.) Those facts are
,tough to show that capital and labour are required. My
&tree, however, I may be permitted to tender to two or
thoe climes. To the masters or workmen who an doing
well in England I suggest the old motto, " Let well slate."
but if you are struggling with difficulties which appear
ancenquerable, wino up your affairs and try the colonies.
Ibeve we are not so thick upon the ground, and with the
preset beef at 24. and mutton at ltd. you saanot, you
seed not, starve. Not that I would hold out the expects.
boa of soreces without exertion—of fortune without the ap-
pliance of iadastry—nr of the quiet repose of old age with-
out thrift and care in early and middle life. The ' Battle
of Lila' must be fought lustily and bravely on both
sides the world. And moral worth is as valuable mad
as highly posed there as here. Theopening, for the
arricultural labourer, and the master err journeyman
tradesman, are astonishing. I will only mention one
instance ; it was told me by the Rev. Mr. Mac-
hearse, • fellow passenger from Sydney to Ragland, and I
ea sere is only a specimen of the increase in the prim of all
Lads of handicraft. He says, ' Happening to break part
of the harness of one of the bonne I wan driving, I desired
my servant to carry the broken part to a saddler's shop in
ceder to get it mended. I accompanied the man. We tra-
velled from shop to shop, till we had visited three or four of
them, before we found • man in say of them; all the men
bang gees to the diggings, the shops ware lett seder the
chuite of their wives or daughters. At last we niesthed a
saddkr's shop, in which I saw a little boy of sine or ten
yean of age, who said he thought he could mead the broken
boom; and he did so IA • few minutes. I stood look-
ing at him while at work, and when he bad finished I asked
kim what was to pay, expecting that he would say,
one shilLog His eeply,
•however, was, "Half • ammo,
Sir. you sham" 1 said. " the; Is a very high diary,
my little boy, for the few stitches it sty toe you." " Bat,
kt," said this pocket edition of Mom WU,* " yes meet
weeder that all the sea have pee Is the AL‘go, and
that we who stay at lo na• d• Waak peke
nee charge meeedimply." no Mole tea analaeloo ; the
maga wee stepped and my puns wee eposset. I paid the
id. sad went away, emelseed that then who day home
and stick to their trades will is Nolte
of the gold-d' r. In JaanatTlartlrerleadrpo syfilLalee. a ass
or at the rate of 781. • year, vetth beard, to•• -driver,
whom I maid has tired last year at attest a year
Wive this nmAktisto with me ea** be WWI awed al- a
week, or at do ei Apiaa pear, with board, life delving
Lengths leteimei lisibmee and Moat Alemeadso. I
knew a *mem* Illpsuast who was at the owe OM
stifle/lilt. • week, with bussed and constant
mutt he refund—then neat te the diggings.' slapV=l
there Is • large slam of young imp, who are Ira elemeled,
bet are sot brought u&lo say bailors pan** Wray
W this class make trey to the miesioa. itz
bluer letters of iatrodnetion to reepeetable
wealthy people—often to the Governor—and incline
then foresee are made. Pose &Mews I Any well-
Moaned c"lonist can see with half an eye that
they are salt for bard work, and therefore De-
camirily molt foe the 'obey. Ott*, peon= mai ae these
't maned lame * their pareata, like wwwbobio bales of
rateliaodise ; and too frequently, alas ! they Main to dia. '
mot their name, to rain their character, and to debauch
their lives. Zealand Is d nation of shopkeepers,' maid
Naeolsa lie it so, ream this it should be sspmad of
mil wbt and obey the mandate, ' man
'haute eat his breed ley the serest of his brow.' nips,
rhoses, commerce, i• ear moue, hat that weft is •
'4l Wet apes oar r empire, saloon It be awe-
timed sat upheld entetprie, owasiows, and an.
cootioroLlo wok &ON owoodw
"t•,I young ass alarm ask at psserdes etas
apply is all ammo. /Wm. sad Inelwary wpl
sae i h
Yketasive: ass who is Se, ems ssessessr:
at, emus above gni bon essame
&Java isamissulle Okallare h antic end
tap elsa—arilig Salt kk orisillet.
husk sermate—le ethmeit mesld Enemy sunk
Jun are eemsea ; lad pp pas load Armee* end
Ito any men settle deem the wino
pat mea."

l'unnt az BosTli ON TUE CANALS.-41111011 tbs
cone' is of the mum nanther, new have bees Almilehed
Pr the tentative of the working deism all Ibe awl&
nesters suburbs of tbe by. "
saki exclusions semen •r If .Ysu mt. use eve
the mai heel the Paidieggemamdiaas lair WWII
tor the raptor purpose. an 4 MOM Wth a
at.l
asd aiming of a hasind sad oppugns* The
being
fee • dips ug in Mess giseenee emery
triltnit. tn.! they appiar to be nod ID • enshiesslit snow
tit 'Er more nwpectatile sad araerly purism of neoa4
indastrions dames, who Inn* Meareelne with pow
%nook and taking sdnesege awn soon eta OM
trop ,Ito the pure air of this . heed at some cissomel.
eat •pra for the day, and &mow iwMMI mission Are
tteeisiilve, and their wives eAdAmilllne, At as early hoer
in tte sinning, on of them plemmeto croft, gaily armed,
milf be seen at the edge of thalami at Paddington, waiting
au unreal of the pleasure seekers, and numbers of wa-
di, •ard spetatives and othen, with their wives aad children,
aiwinbling with the requisite provision for a day's pleasure
for themselves and their families in this manner.
Ter. Runny,. or IRRLAND.—A parliamentary
&earnest was yesterday printed, from which it appears that
the net produce of the revenue of Ireland paid int* the
haehequer in the year ended the 6th January last was
lie. comprising the foll,iwing item! ;
(111.tnati, 1,141,M61. 6s. 7d. ; excise, 1.348.911 L i
4.51;441. sp. Ild. ; Poet-olloe, 6,0001. ; smallbranches of the Ilereditary Aortas'', 3001. • and atiscella-
wllsi including repayment of advance, 340,6671. 10s. old.

kta
posit
emirefaiehfeoalioFe epee
ktaht the harness of one
my eueaalt to Limy t
cider tenet it mend.
Yelled from shop to el
them, before we fain
Smug pas to the di
chage?f their wives
milks s shop, in wh
mmof eve, who said
; sad he did
iag at him while at is
lint what wee to
ft" His et
iv, at you Owe."
my little boy, (or Use
str," said this pocket
consider that all the
that we who stay at
alit Easy asserdis
mash mappai a
aad yeas away
Red eekh to their toed
of rdi.din„.
et et lbs fais *TM
Ia
Om I odd have
Mae ana's tias
oh* W die irate
babas Wetawa M
Law airanaymes
(heed a week
*WA be seimml-11
Yls • Issr also
bet are an boaabt
d thisdroak&
bring Maas of
isrlassa aro
seW we
indat
art we oak h
eftsziki met bit tam
Ott reamed base b
antlisadise ; awl la
Rase their
tans Oven saVaigll.
Neveless. B. ma%
Use taste end amp
AWN wet he ben
"lona% beammeh
Mee apes gie
turd sat sahib
Musabls sea
Puns eeatk
of*, is all Clean I
umatatitaLMS:S
SI
AMR immesabla
deer.deemini
keels eetWillibeet'
lots ere ereogis gm
7" say mem ebb
tent men
BUJ
!intim le of the was
fee the Imitation of
steam suburbs of I
make ',televises MO
the ernael fins oho I'
&a the esiya. poop
sod sirsiag of a Isa
chamed foe thitntr, &nil they ap
by ,he more revert
sedi indoetrioes dee
Taal.. SAS taking I
trip tan tlf. pure ei
'pm kw dm day
theoterlvee and thei'
the annuity, we,
way be Hen at the I
the unvel of the ph
dr”w4 opetatives
""obintlf with the
Si. themselves end I
Tar. RirrEnt,
4aeosnes, t was Jester
tan.. ^et 'lnduce of 1
'rluvar in the y
1.91e)..4111. lie.
_l4 d.
riotous', 1,1141,2681
451141.
',ranches of the ii.
efttla, iheheilie. eel