The Express.
London, England, 1852-10-29 00:00:00

gfte ervreoo.

TO COltalaBPol4 DINTS.
a hod ado too "Tam azpros." scatalsbur lb' wee Mabel
" Oer.tt. "t. pabashed ovary Taegu) gal Vriday 'tett, ta
tar poet.
aavettmn •:. %trial ke "The Itspeeo," Lai lea Eveclis yam
bbe Mae. Ikeaveriwiereet. tire •Ndoeit cm Uri
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HIGH WATER, AT LONDON BRIDON.
Tem Mr —Mania& T 1..3 a .hair's, 31i. Ois.
T Napozativ—llordag. fk.t3 u. _Afterglows. Ik.:s..

LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 29.

how different is the picture of Sultan ADD-UL-
MLiviu at the present hour to the vision of
the l'alioli that shines in Eastern romance. There
he i. all grave and stately happiness, riding
on the most splendid of Arabians; decorated
with priceless jewels; surrounded by the must
wonderful and obedient of Viziers, with count-
kern riches and boundless power, and dwelling in
palaces redolent with perfumes. cooled by fountains.
and made a very Paradise by sofas-full of Circassian,
beautiful heyonil the powers of all the eastern poets
and in one) to tell. Instead of this SULTAN of
e, we find our STI.TAN of Reality bothered to
death by duns; worded by the advocates of con-
tending faiths; howled at by the bigots; cajoled by
France, bullied by Ramie, and humbugged by all.
Having the talent to sec that his empire
is out at elbows with the time—that civili-
intim. by strengthening his European rivals,
is by comparison potting the throne ho sits upon at
disadvant ore; and having impulses that urge him to
set this balance even, ho has striven to introduce
various reforms into his government, and has„—to
some extent,—suceeeded. But only to some extent :
for the materials he has to work with are not at all
ticketed for quiet mixing. In the European section
of his territories be has out of his 15 millions of sub-
jects, avers large proportioned' Christians of the Greek
ehun:li. Them Christmas it is who chiefly carry on
the trade of farkey, and consequently own a large
portion of its moveable wealth, anal hence have
much influence. This influence, it is very clear,
leans to a large extent towards the power that
holds the head-quarters of the Greek Church
—to Russia. Thus we see that the portion
sif his subjects who trade extensively, and
become thereby more ready to welcome civilisation
at the hands of the Scur iN, arc in another respect
the very people who sympathise with the encroach-
ments (Allis northern neighbour. Meanwhile the
old hohioned 3lumelmen, whose faith was the talis-
man of ancient conquests, and whose religion
is to this day the only bond binding the
Turkish empire tog:ther, object to refilluse
altogether; ignore the necessity. for any I clian
isbelieve in any present i::fenority in the T
of I tts2 to the Turkey of any former time; smoke
dudgeon when any new tingled plan is proposed,
and plot when it is forced upon them. All this por-
tion of his subjects, though true to him on religions
points, have long—for years past—groaned in the
spirit, as mush as pious Moslems ever take the trouble
to groan, over this new theory of innovation and
change. At last they have kicked over the
traces. With fair talents and good intentions, the
SULTAN, it is understood, is nut a man of very great
powers of will; and has some tendencies cal-
culated to weaken, rather than strengthen,
his health. Whilst left to himself, and when the
pot teal horizon was fair, he always had a Reformer
like RED.iitu l'AcitA for Prime Minister, under
whose rule the cultivation of knowledge was not
punished as a sin, and even a newspaper (the inno-
vation most hated by the Moslems) was encouraged.
But when difficulties grew in amount, and the hori-
zon became gloomy, out went the Reformer before
the storm of Mohommedan indignation, and Turkey
and its Ruler were merged in the tide of Tory re- 1
action. A reformer without force, and an exchequer
without funds, " has done it all."
When the Turkish loan was first mooted in Lon-
don, we pointed out the objectionable portions of the
proposition, and these very objections seem to have
truly foreshadowed its failure. The capitalists of
England were asked by us whether the plan did not
look very like a lottery, and, therefore, tainted with
an element of illegality. The pious Moslems have
found out another deadly flaw in the transac-
tion—the scheme was too like mazy, and there-
fore against the laws of their Prophet. For this lati-
tude it had a dash of the illegal—in Constantinople
of heresy. By one or the other, or between the
two, it seems quite clear the whole thing is to fall
to the ground. It was always known that the Turks
bad an innate objection to state loans. There was
nothing new in this antipathy, or any question of the
political danger that was run in proposing such a
thing. Monsieur LavAirrre, the French ambassador
at Censtantinople,knew all about this risk, but it met
hie views, perhaps, to embroil Turkey, and it clearly
muted him to get the loan for a French house,
—just as it sometimes suits a discounter to preps
a young lord "to have all the money he wants. The .
nULTAN, after reforming so many other things in his
territory, wished to clear off certain national "little
accounts," and was persuaded that the European sys-
tem of finance might follow the European method of
drill in the land of the Faithful. He had abolished
turbans and loom small clothes in the barracks—
why should he not atedi the objectiene to
money-borrowing in the bureau P His ears
tall of French advise, sad big pocket' ee of
piastres, be mile the experiment—sad les Med.
The Latest mews idea dot the lose is met to he
ratified, mei Me a tree sad bout gentles's—as
there is evilly team to believe bin to be—the Sur -
TAN bIS USN 'on' to wow all der money
that hes boa aierssd ea his account, and hes taloa
....seams le provide for the aims
=OP= weld mere readily have met. Oft
Osestestaseple Oillimosint iNki:—::Tho Haab
dies
hoe es es Nes et a dolga that it is met
is the ettbesexemma le them seis.
rn W
adas et this Ihrodel memo i
it may be doe eveateelly, hat it will ratable
assay years to de It. As to the MOM
of satn tbe mdrinsies of the ermest,
it is hoped
to do so by the add 0 gifts and oilman
loos. The SULTAN hes est the amens, rod Ayr
having emptied his private lossury, sad ell his
piste to the mint to be issiteddswo The Mom
of Faranca refused this lot addle, Amides that
the situation was sot despeote ease& to have m-
emo to moth extemidesp sad dal the eobenare-
nest was ally Unmoor. and *old be get vow by
a littlelmed era The GRAND Vila% NMI Ike if
six et rishotPashas of the espial. Imite disend
the sole of the SULTAN, ad hare salad d 0
sande= decree (10 million' of base), and a sue-
ploy et Rat Anemia& bankers kV* ellirient:
bet feed 10 edam piastre at 6 per oat.
now will sake to pay the draft, of the book
which have mese die. An equal mom will be re-
quired in 20 days, and is eels to procure it certain
receipts are calculated ea, ea well as an anticipation
of the payment of the taste ken the Pasha of
Zorn, to 'mit mid& MOUCTAZ BIT was seat to
him ea the 'la hope deli Pooh ialeswee
he Egypt will ad um
he geed to WOW midi sob
=essiees he meshing Turkishareas eat el
resumes; hat ossawhile we may well helebe
hew it cease abed list the SULTAN dwell he In
the false position), sew esswiss.
In Co limeades*, Ibsen bee eon trived le Notify
herself with the poly et wipe.% aad ia dda case
progressmemo asks& lima there
the despotic priseiple, with aidoe we have=ats
the mligioes hies of the trades Grath CIASIIIIIL
The Russian parq have upset the Poe& party's
loan, but Ramis Mosel!, it is smemeil. Is quite
willing to advance any sum the mese et the SULTAN
may require ; —and whilst M. Lsenicers threatens
to leave Constantinople unless terms are kept with
M. DevAus, Roam agents are mid to be quite
to supply what may be deficient, should
French Fahmeador really strike by flag, and
the loan be abisolutely and finally rejected. The poor
SULTAN, like Captain MaeleeetA between Polly and
Lucy, can satisfy neither. Both want to get
a creditor's wilipland over him ; and in
his dilemma—thanks to Lord MALMLABIAT-
-

the English 41•6101.1 e; TAD hee eille beee
able to so Wee sesit Teleabb te likasjs
heeled et lalft as Cheeludeeek !hie
ballets, is MR !mkt belied by the
ado' et Peewee to be oda Protester° tithe
=Lr:; but the Obi fame is mete
act that le deeelmped belemelarerZe
son so—he the doemeret soy yet be most bushel
toe the SuLTAN

Mona than one journal now declares that the
King of the BELOIANI has been required by the
Powers who set him on his throne to SWUM the pas"•
lug of a law to limit the freedom of the press is
Belgium, and that this influence has been brought to
bear upon LEOPOLD at the instance Of Louis NAPO.'
LEON. This complicates the relations not only of
France and her neighbour—but of all Europe ; and
day by day it becomes more and more neesesary that
we in England should be able as rightly to com-
prehend the circumstances of the French people as
to fathom the resolutions of their French PREAIDENT.
For thirty-seven years they have now enjoyed peace,
and west-smell, needed the evidence supplied by the
Exhibition of last year to assure us that the
French have made in the period great progress iu
manufactune. It was impossible to see their de-
partment without being struck with the writy
proofs of their ingenuity and skill. But while
that brought under our notice numerous spe-
cies of Parisian taste and Parisian art, it
gave us no information of the extent to which
the French manufacture goods for others, and are
dependent on foreign trade for their prosperity. It
is pretty gencrslly known, however, that tho stiecies
of objects exhibited in London are much sought niter
in most parts of Europe; and that French silks,
French gloves, French perfumery, French jewellery,
and what is called Parisianwwok,rk, found their way
to every town, and almost every house, where luxury
is known and taste cultivated. They are largely
exported to North and South America. Far from re-
pining at their success, we wish it were grewer,
u every extension of trade is a bond of national
peace, though the princes and rulers who have fos-
tered arts were not aware that they were preparing
chains for their own wills, and creating interests
which would prescribe, in spite of them, the policy
of States.

The exports of Paris, for example, though it was
described on Monday by the Taws as "not a port
nor the scat i f manufactures, except for articles of
luxury and taste," amounted, in 1817, the year be-
fore the Revolution, to 168,572,187 francs, or
6,742,887/. They were, in truth, chiefly such ar-
ticles, but they constitute about one-seventh
part of all the exporti from France. Paris may
not on this account deserve the name of a scat of
manufactures, but in it are enumerated 32. i different
species of industry carried on in 64,416 establish-
ments, and employing altogether masters, workmen,
and workwomen, 407,316 persons, and they out-num-
ber the whole population of Manchester by 91,133.
Bankers, and all who deal in money, merchints, car-
riers, and those engaged in exporting commodities—
no inconsiderable number in Paris—are not included
in the 407,346 persons. Adding them we shell pro-
bably find that the industrious population of Paris is
not much less than 450,000 souls. If manufacturing
goods to t he annual v alue of .5R,000,0001., and exporting
upwards of 6,000,0001. annually, do not make Paris
a great seat of manufactures, what is Manchester or
Leeds! If their trade be bonds of peace for us, will
not the trade of !'uric be a strong bond of peace for
France? Surely it must be, unlem the will of the
industrious Parisians can be strangled by the tyranny
of an absolute Ruler.

Connected with the sea at Havre, Paris is almost
as much a port ns Glasgow or Gloucester. It is better
known to the majority of our countrymen than the
rural districts of France, and if such mistakes be made
in describing it, what mistakes may not be made in
describing the disposition of the peoplein the south of
France end of all its rural population. Even of our
own countrvmen, the best informed amongst us very
often commit great mistakes, and are surprised at
discovering at our own doors classes of men, and
manifestations of opinion, we had not previously
dreamed of. Our errors as to France are less easily
, detected, but we may bo sure they arc (Fester, and
equally sure that any system of national policy
founded on such imperfect and erroneous views must
be mischievous. Our contemporary, who displays
such an imperfect acquaintance with Paris, cannot
be a good guide for the national policy in relation to
France.

It is now some 32 years since M. CHARLES Durix
visited this country, and was astonished at our
mechanic power. We forget the immense number of
horses' strength to which ha then compared it, but
something very e aormous; and it was said that our
steam engines were adequate to raising the mass of
the Pyramids in about 18 hours,—orcapable of doing in
that time what i..appard to have required thr labour
of 100,000 Egyptians during 20 years. The fact proves
that national power depends more on intelligence
than on mere numbers. At that period there can be
no doubt from M. Dorm's great admiration that
England had in this respect gone far a-head of
IFrance.

Since 1820 a great relative change has taken place
in the condition of the two people. Our population
has increased about 40 per cent.; the population of
Franco almost 20 per cent. The increase here
has been wholly of • town population, brim full
of intelligence ; there, with the exception of Paris,
I chiefly of a rural population. Here, the increase
has ban of those who make and use steam
engines—there, of men who dig the ground
with spades, and train vines. There is, we are
aware, an old prejudice in favour of a rural popula-
tion ; they are said to be stronger men, better able
to bear fatigue, and more intelligent than those
whom division of labour manned in towns to one
occupation. We, however, have learned other views,
and we know that the town-bred. population of
England is, in most respects, superior to the rural
population of our country and of every country in
Europe. They are the masters of the mechanic
powers. They have ea it were, nature on their side.
Their imitat:sir time strength sad weapon.
and if they Brost wealth they have great
power to MEW it. With the increase of our pow
Won, our attest_ engines usiimassl in-
genuity have meeldp • awl though we readily
mord to we imigklmare 'greet impatiity, it is con-
fined to a mswavely mall -portion of their
malaise. and is tact to give thew like
ear minimal pared= seesmand over mature.
Havist • t of the mew et the
head at affatre °tire's.% we may yet fat NIBS
mama he heft bin to be lees capable for
smi less ells than he might of
be to wow wee; though the comparative pthgesee of
the two mediae ethos 1820. Our trade, 'Mei has
grows hem ea with our meshanieth impnivemeats,
is a dip Jammed naiad power. In.
stead et jat hes; sei the view of •
wieldy .ftwessery, and abdication
of ear Weeded paid= as a asseptiag the
prothelmele amen stior ebb, it shield inspire us
with amillease la ear magi= strength. Neglect
leg ma peeper gessautisae—awl that we need
_pre.
centime sad preparations there is no deabt—Eng-
land, Ithe a strong man, may repose ea her own
might.

TH2 LAND Rwristlds iii Ntw Sorra WALits.
—Thee legidalre mien of Now South Wales was is *pea
ea the k at Jam. The *Met Montag Herald If set
day NNW thst wadi be me et the meet geld
maims sew hdti. This sprelire d puler whir& hap
would
be heed ea the bum gmumget wM be the genteel of the
lead rneams. Owing ter diesegary of geld the emo-
tive has wow trumesiwara dived of a larger mime
thee the leghlalms, the rend lapreselat is that no
ragasilei mean wadi be gasslimsd ea hem gad
am= ewe baseglit s dm/ hush. The animal Whs.
suss rill: litia.agArilasillstellAmilmesi tve illrer the rte. it.
The Ptak" sesseasesede that min the ceseLl of
load MUM hlisided ts the isghblere no Moil
vete be reseed. The Osimial pp
Ihisisimosuld p
as will with dr inhednia. hod, tad gad. gad Mere
inter: biscrealegi amok al • geessemat areal es
ad Red Ylslam et the lglintere was
'managed that the Illsgagew•Gmerars speech would be
esialogsly waded Sari gamiliatary, in seder that the
Mums algid be asidd menineusly ; but it was believed
than • dim
edspradent •21 dateswited Mad "east at once be taken by
the l membas.
AUNTRALIAN CollX2ll22.—The following statistics
reepeeting the imports sell exports into end from South
Australia for the lest snorter of 1861, are tarn from an
Adelaide papa. The statistics were not published by the
Imal government before May, 1832. The quarter to which
these swathe refer immediately preceded the greet &pm-
sios at Adelaide as account of the gold fever. Total ia•
Pieter 1642741. lee. • imports re-exported, 18,6011. 14s. ;
tow exports, 163,380/ 14e. ; experts produced in the
colony, 134,8791. The following are the principal item:—
Imports Beer and cyder, 11,6621 ; cutlery, 69671 ;
drapery, 61,0024 ; Iron, 4,1491. 10e.; sugars, 11,6331. ; tea,
2,11491. • wine, 3,4271. fie.; deals, 11,1121. 108.; sundry
maattfetures, 3,4641. 13e. Esparta— Hones, 1,740/. ;
wheat and dour, 26,9641 ; motallie copper, 47,1121 ; ooPra
sad lead ores, 20,0701. ; wool, 37,7781.
Tea JzzgET RTFL2 CLUB bat &aniseed the
Southampton aide Club to shoot at a target. The chal-
lenge has been accepted ; sad it la proposed by the latter
dub thatpma the mak shall awe of on Tuesday eat at
Sostiaa.