The Press.
London, England, 1856-07-19 00:00:00

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No. 168.—VoL.IV. LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 19,
1856. STAMPED ....STXPENCE.
UNSTAMPED..FIVEPENCE.
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g vrt s S. , There is one consideration, if but one, "as a general rule, interference with the
which will certainly prevent tho Adrninistra "internal affairs of other States is not
tion of Lord PALMERSTON from adopting this "justifiable." What do these admissions
extreme measure. It would not be sanctioned mean, but that the attempted dictation to
by France. The Imperial Court has not, and Naples has failed., and that no intention exists
LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 19, 1858. never had, any intention of coercing the of enforcing the demands which have been
Court of Naples. so indignantly repelled ?
When it was known that representations The position would be a dead lock, but for
THE representation of her Majesty's Govern- hail been made to the Court of Naples by the an expedient which has presented itself to her
meet to the Court of Naples comprised, we Governments of France and England, it was Majesty's Administration. At the very moment
not unnaturally supposed that the represen- when Lord JOHN RUSSELL was virtually
are assured, three points or demands, each of tations were in common, and to the same impeaching Austria for her interference in
considerable importance. It might have been effect. Such was not the case. The commu- the affairs of Italy,.her Majesty's Government,
advisable for the King of the Two Sicilies to nication addressed to the King of NAPLES by under the influence of the Court of France,
consider these points, but it does not appear the French Government was much more mode- had appealed to the Cabinet of Vienna to
rate and conciliatory in its tone than the re- undertake the settlement of all Italian ques-
that he could have yielded them to foreign presentation of her Majesty's Government tions, and had authorised that Cabinet to
dictation, without an entire sacrifice of his The King must therefore have felt the less assure the King of NAPLES that no measure of
position as the Sovereign Head of an indepen- hesitation as to the reply he should return to coercion was ever intended, and that the
dent State. the latter. It was truly described in our representation of the British Government was
It was required in the first place that the article of last week. dictated salely by a wish to strengthen his
The character of King FERDINAND is re- Throne by ther removal of any causes which
King should grant a general amnesty to all markable for its jealousy of dictation of any could disturb or disquiet it.
political offenders without conditions and kind. In the course of his reign he has seen Her Majesty's Foreign Secretary seems still
without exception. his prerogative repeatedly attacked, yet he to think it possible to pursue parallel courses '
Secondly, his Majesty was required to has been able, in every instance, to maintain of policy on divergent lines. It was on the
change his Ministry, the object of course it. He conceives that it is the great mis- 27th of March last that Count CAVOUR
being that he should model his Administra-
fortune of Italy to be pressed on every side presented to his Lordship a memoran-
by Powers far stronger than herself, and he dum arraigning the policy of Austria as the
tion according to the views of the Government has never made any secret of his determina- principal cause of all the evils of Italy. ..
which advised the change. tion to resist all foreign interference in the "Austria desired nothing better than to ren-
Thirdly, several important laws of his king- affairs of his kingdom, as sure in the end to " der her occupation of the Legations per- •
s
be equally pernicious to both Government " manent." Hence the permanent danger of
dom were required to be modified or changed.
and people. No surprise can therefore be felt disorder and anarchy in Central Italy ; hence
When the representation containing these at the reply he has returned to the represen- extension of Austrian rule in the peninsula;
requirements came before! the King, the first tations of the Government of this country. hence the galleys and prisons filled with
point for him to determine was,—not in what At present, Great Britain is in the position political offenders. On the following Bth of
spirit he should discuss the particulars—but of having spoken to the Court of Naples, and April Count WALEWSIII and Lord CLARENDON
of having spoken in vain. Her advice has opened their views on the Italian question to
whether he should recognise the right of the been decisively rejected. What, then, is the the Paris Conference. Lord CLARENDON
British, or of any other Government, to pre- next step to be taken? adopted all the views of Count CAVOUR'S
scribe the terms on which he was to conduct It was to solve this question that the debate memorandum, opposing Austrian influence
the affairs of his kingdom. His Majesty of Monday last was originated, but neither in Italy, yet at the very time he was a
decided that the representation did not call Lord CLARENDON in one house, nor Lord PAL- party to the preparation of the Tripartite
MERSTON in the other, could be induced to Treaty, signed only seven days afterwards, by
for discussion on its details. He rejected it depart from the region of vague generalities. which Austria, France, and England undertook •
as inadmissible with the maintenance of the They would say nothing whatever on the one in effect the regulation of the affairs, and the
independence of his State. Without examin- vital point of—What is to be done next? preservation of the tranquillity, of Europe.
ing the demands which were made, he denied Lord CLARENDON speciously deprecated dis- At the close of the debate in the Commons
cussion and explanation, on the ground that on Monday, Lord JOHN Russets., feeling that
the right of any foreign Government to lay
no communication had been held with the he was without an answer to the exposition of
such demands before him. French Government on the answer which her the Right Honourable Member for Bucks, de-
He probably came to this decision with the Majesty's Ministers had received from Naples. (dared that he had been misunderstood, and
more confidence from the precedent recently As we cannot suppose that his Lordship wc uld that the sole purpose of his motion was to
established. The represent ttion of Prince wilfully mislead the House of Peers and the protest against the continued occupation of
country, we must suppose he intended to states of Italy by foreign troops, and to
MENRCRIKOFF to the Ottoman Porte was not in-
convey that no formal and official communi- quire when that occupation would cease, ac-
in principle different from the representation cation had taken place between the allied cording to the engagementd made in the
of her Majesty's Government to the Court of Governments. But Lord CLARENDON must Paris Protocols. If such had been the sole
Naples. In each case a radical change was have been well aware when he spoke of the purpose of Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S motion. a
demanded in the internal affairs of an inde- general sentiments of the Emperor of the reference to the protocols might have satisfied
pendent State ;in each case a pretence was French on the whole question. He must have him. The occupation will cease when the
made that friendly solicitude for the safety known that the Emperor had absolutely de- power of the Pope in the Roman States is
of the Government and for the well-being dined to join in any measures of coercion consolidated, and when his Holiness can feel
of its subjects was the cause for the against the King of Naples, and that he had himself secure without foreign aid. Is it pos-
interference. The King of NAPLES has seen observed on the reply of that sovereign to the siblo to assign a precise date for the oc-
that Europe interfered to prevent the policy British Government that he admired the currence of this contingency ? When will the
which dictated the Menschikoff mission from spirit of a monarch who had courage to assert true principle of non-intervention be recog-
being consummated; and relying on the firm his rights. nised ? When will be the millennium?
establishment of the principle that indepen- We observe that Lord CLARENDON is COM- Lord JOFIN RUSSELL did not confine himself
dent States, however inferior in force to the pelled to admit, in reference to the reply of to this one point His speech would
Powers which tender them advice, have an Naples to the representation of her Majesty's been barren if he had. He conten i fry
indisputable right to repel such advice, when Government, that "it was impossible for any the case of Rome the States of ' 4;,.., ~ 1/4.
t
calculated to infringe their independence, he " answer to be less satisfactory, or less indica- should be freed from foreign troop , • k 15 , ...4
has refused to take the representation of the " tive of future improvement." At the same Pope and the people might fight fi1:;,,%:•. ght U.
British Government into consideration. He time his Lordship admits, that "we cannot battle by themselves ; while that, ;re 44„,,„•"...i5)' ws os•
stands on his rights. Is England now to "improve Italy by force ;" that "it would be of Naples, the rule of the King oc-4,01.—. ' fre• ~anil,
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advance one step further in the path of Rue- " unjust and cruel to excite expectations which Sicilies might be so intolerable asap s . • s- ss
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sia, and send her fleet into the Bay of Naples? i" we are not prepared to realise ;" and that, foreign interference. " The case ot-t ()T1U440.0 rE