The Express.
London, England, 1852-04-08 00:00:00

SPAIN.

waWi ry will lead therm the
ri:Roonaziteenseary. Goods
w are the podia land hem the Spanish
etiolates, sad whleh set ineehlegeil the tariff ea such,
awytuesciwomat. epee eateetioa, If they are brought in
MO being taken that due proportion he
to*o same thus iYgoo4 otos g ,
rttei ease in statkitts
is to w gads. It the some in jayeigs • km% *al
mil pay id if fey came train foreign leounleka. cdicadly
end foreignitedde which have been heerohereaed in Baran-
tialt or P4llllO Rico, carried there is 8 slash bottoms, and
bap ht iltestoe to Spain and the Ihdearieieleada in Spa-
nish bottoms, will only pay the duties pelt Inter the na-
tional flag. But, if the goods had been talkie to Havannah
or I'ortu Rico in foreign bottoms, and thence to Spain in
native ones, they will pay the duties set down fur Spanish
bottoms, and, besides, bait of ' that set down
for foreign one,. If both' the voyage to Haven-
nab and thence to Spen be made in foreign
viands the differential duty will be paid and besides half of
the argumentation which constitutes ft. Foreign goods
already used, but proceeding from Spanish colonies, are to
be considered IA already become Spanish when they arrive
in the Peuiruiula, and shall br free from duty as if Wrought
in the coast trade. Goods coming from and; be product of
the Philippine Islands, and not noted in the tariff, are to
pay the fifth pert of those coming from foreign countries, if
biought in Spanish bottoms. But if they some in foreign
bottoms, they shall pay as if they came float foreign coun-
tries. Goods coming from Asiatic countri s not under the
dominion of Spain, but coming in Spanish bottoms, will
pay three-fifths of the duty. If they have been in the first
plate carried to the Plulippines they will pay half of
the duties set down in the tariff If they come
in foreign bottoms under the same circumstances,
they will pay as if they came from foreign countries. If
they have first been to the Canary Islands, they will, on
arriving in Spain, pay but the difference between the,
Canary Island duties and the Peninsular ones. The weights
and measures used ere the Spanish legal ones. the arroba
(solid measure), 2,11 be. (16 os. to thu pound), and in liquid
measure 32 cuartillos, except for oil, which is considered as
solid. The quintal is 1001 b.., and the ton 20 quintals. The
yard 36 inches. The accounts are kept in reale, divided into
100 cents. The sugar, refined or half-refined, prepared
Spain, is to have an export premium of eight reels by arroba
of refined sugar. Foreign and Spanish Asiatic gooli, when
once they have paid import duty according to the
tariff, will be considered as Spanish and liable to the same
duties of extraction, consumption, &c., as Spanish goods.
No reduction will be made in favour of any industry, pub-
lic or private establishment, of any class. The incidents
that may occur le the operations of the customs upon points
comprehended in the invtruetion, will be resolved without'
exuction of oasts from the interested parties.

ITALY.

TUSCANY.

The Genoa Ga:elt; oitiicinistates from Florence,
that a change of ministry is expected there, which
will materially increase Austrian influence.

PIEDMONT.

The discussion on the fortifications of Casale was
continued in the Senate of Turin in the sitting of the
3rd. The only incident of interest was, that the
Minister of Al or declared that these fortifications
were to form pert of a complete system of defence.
The president of the council added that the cabinet
was perfectly unanimous on that point as well as on
others, and repeated that their motto was : " The
constitution, neither more nor less; neither to the
right nor to the left ; independence for ever!"
The discussion was adjourned to the 3th.

LOSS OF TILE BIIiKENIIEAD TROOP
---
Yesterday the following despatches and enclosures
were received by the Board of Admiralty, from Commodore
Wren', containing the painfully-interestir.g details con-
nected with the loss of the above-named steamer. It appears
that the total number of lives which have been lost on this
sad occasion amount to 438. Mvlancholy, however, as this
loss must be, it is gratifying to learn that 193 persona were
saved from those who were on board at the time when the
wreck took place;
(No 12.)
Castor, Simon's Bay, March 3, 18.52.
Sir,-1. It is with much pain I have to report for the in-
formation of my Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty the
disastrous wreck of her Majesty's steam troop-ship Birken-
head, on the morning of the 26th Feb., at two o'clock, on
the reef of rocks off Point Danger, about 50 miles from this
anchorage, by which catastrophe I lament to state that the
lives of 438 officers (naval and military), seamen, soldiers,
and boys, have been lost, out of 630 who were on board the
ship at the time. The circumstances, as far as I can collect,
are u follows:

2. The Birkenhead reached Simon's Bay from Cork, on
the 23rd ult., in 47 days. She was immediately prepared
for sea, received coals to 350 tons, some provisions, and the
officers' horses, disembarked the women and children (ex-
cept those taking a passage to Algae Bay), and was re-
ported ready on the „
-ith. That afternoon Mr. Salmond re-
ceived the g,vernment despatches for his Excellency Sir
Harry Smith, my orders to proceed to Algoa Bay and
Banal* Mouth to land the drafts of the different regiments,
and eteemed an his memo at Ma e'elock in the evening,
whit Wee Sas andlaint MIL masa water.
S. Al two • shit en the afternoon of the 27th
of PM. Mr. Ovhaee, amistutt surgeon of the Birkenhead,
waived at ilimeses Town by land, to report to me the loss
Olds ship near to Point Danger—that two boats with, as be
shied, the eMy survivors, were cruising about ate distance
lima the belt; vide his statement, armature No. 1. I im-
mediately &patched Commander Bence of her Aia,jesty's
ship Costar ,ip Castw with 2.5 men (to form boats' crews) in the
Elsadasseatites, the only. steamer in port, to the scene
of the Pee. That evening he fell in with the schooner
mf
islieritua2BaT, Mhiscßairlde D
' o muter,nb or whose
the p report
e r s i e s
itho ware the boat., and 40 others, whom they had sue-
usied is taking off the meiutopsaii yard of the ship, which
was the only pert of the wreck visible above water, alto-
/00er 116 in number, as per lists. It being calm, and the
sibeencr MOM &Mese hem this anchorage, the Rhada-
meth= lewd kr ii sod poolosiod afterwards to Point
Defter is meseh of any pee* who might yet be clinging
Mao seete Mil pier of 'met Rating about ; glee fur any
ilea MON law laded An examination of the coast her-
balists mein fig upwards of 20 miles by land and sea,
NA
te• IBM proms being found, except those who had
Lola ikiang the night and day of the wreck on Point
I =geteaffill ffiWidainanthus received them on board and
to this port on the morning of the Ist 1011 L The
Mar re eared were 68 in number, of whom 6 were °M-
OW (4 military and 2 naval). They reached the land by
and on pieces of wreck, &e. These, with nine
others, w escaped in the gig, and were rescind by the
schooner, make the total saved 193.
4. It appears that her Mejesty's ship Birkenhead was
duly pricked off os the chart at 8 Volta on the night of
the 26th, within Fells Bay, by the muter, Mr. Brodie,
and siker of the watch, Mr. Bpear, aseind mater; that
'the memo was shaped 8.8. E. j ii.MB Cleo 11161=81•18
M • berth about four miles. The mm at the w John
rA.B., (rein 10 to 12 o'clock of the Mt walk
im ha steered that 01111110, with direedem net le pe
to the eastward of it. A leadsman was ea the pailiplea,
awl leak-out men were pissed. The night wee am Mr-
light, end calm, bat a Met swell setting in en sham The
land was seen all the night from three to fear
,oink ea
the pert bow. At about ten minutes before 2 oclock, In
the Midis watch, the lembasan, Abel Btone, ordinary nee-
num jat esemikep le if et IS tedesam, of whisk be ems
meths to Mr ear et the mesh, Mr. Davis, SWIM
MOM The ship ws• Ong shout sight knots. Beam
he mil ipt afeether emelt the load the ship struck, mei
he found sines helmets aleepide ; there were two fathoms
water miler the hews, and eleven by the stern.
6. It appears that Mr. fialmond, who was roused by the
shock, went ea deck ; inquired the time a few mattes
past two o'clock, and the rune steered; it was reported to
be B.&E. j 8., which he stated was quite correct. He
immediately ordered the engines to he stopped, the small
bowmen/hot to he it go, the quarter boots to be lowered
Ike ett alamplie the ship, the paddle-box boats to be
t =est a SIM astern to be given by the engines.
the military officers, who were all in attend-
Mee (Major ileten of the 74th Rest' and Capt. Wright of
the 9110, to seed the troops to the chain pumps ; the orders
aft implicitly Mimed, and perfect discipline maintained.
II soon as Mr. lialmoad heard there we. water in to ado,
its dinscted the women and children to be put into a cutter,
kee
sharps
:sr Mist's master's
st's after the firsteonetriot which
,and whilst
liedeerVel "Is
gine astern,
sidete in shlsstnur° tag, :La
Haring open the MMus ; the water rushed in, drowned the
tree, and stepped the engines; the engineer, Mr. Renwick,
end 'Wham araldog their escape to the upper deck. In-
stantly the ihip Mae in two, abaft the malnmest,and sunk,
leaving the maleMemast and topsailyard only visible above
water. Up teats awful moment the resolution and cool-
ness of ell bolo wore remarkable. Mr. Balotond gave his
orders with musk potence of mind to the lest. The three
boats whisk had staid b the ship now left her, to seek a
Leading( 1011••• ves, and at daylight they were out
Of sight am the ereeeit. The two cutters were picked up
by the edam, Lbw" and the gig landed with eight
men and Mr. COMM at Port D'Urbe.u.
6. Having called upon the surviving officers far their
statements of the iilelniiiisse attending the ISM of this
ill .teed ship, I have sew the Maser to lay them (MMus
easel ewes) before their lerdalps for their iahnnatioa,
together with lists of the people saved ; but I regret that I
cannot Amish the NUM of do unfortunate individuals
who have boss dimmed ea this meet melancholy occasion,
as the master Mae ad rah lave hose lost.
7. There le se desk het the mune of the ship was
shaped to beg the lead to closely ; and, as it does not ap-
pear that either Mr. lialasond or the muter had attended on
ffink hem 10 o'clock in the first watch until the accident
selanted, it would infer much inattention and extreme
MOM of duty on their parts; and when soundings were
fleet mock, bed the helm boon put to port, this ill-fated
ship night have escaped the danger. It is much to be
lemmata that nut en o ter has been saved who can give
any satisfactory information upon these points.
t. It is also to be deeply. deplored that a young officer,
Mr. Richards, master's assistant, should have been the only
executive in command of the boats ; as, from the circum-
stance of their leaving the scene of the wreck before day-
light, the landing Oems discovered on Point Danger, by

MADRID, APRIL 2.
The OaaiW of to-day contains the following rules
for the observance of the tariff:

Geode one invontios, when presented for the first time,
are to pay the datim imposed upon goods similar or analo-
gous to them, and epoointras of them are to be sent to the
eastons-hare director, In order that her Majesty's govern-
Rent may set down the peeper duty they are to pay in
Mare. If the goods hare no similarity or analogy with
any already twilled goods, they are to pay a duty of 15 per
cent. lithely are brought la !Spanish bottoms, and 18 per
cent. in foreign bottoms or by land carriage. All
goods which are brought in smell quantities, and which are '
not mentioned, in the tariff are subject to the same payment
just mentioned. For the valuation of goods the parties in-
terested must present the original bills of prices. If the
custom-house oMeen do not agree upon them, and think it
expedient to fix other prices, and the parties interested
oder no objection, the good. are to pass according to the
prices mussily agreed upon. If they cannot agree, the
inetter is to be examined by the superior authority. In
this case the comma-house °Sone can buy the goods if they
will, paying the parties interested the aroma of their bill,
together with 10 per cent. more, and being res-
ponsible for the customhouse duties. The tree-

. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 8, 1852.