The Express.
London, England, 1855-09-17 00:00:00

ea the whole. tbat am larger proportion of great lima bad
tiselelmegetod skid/.
A brief paper, by Lieut.-Col. Boarote, of the Bombay
army, gave as amount of • visit to Medina from Bum, by
way of Janata.
Colossi Bunn Mad • paper drawa up by Adolph)
Rchlayintevat and hie brother, two of ti. gentlemen em-
ployed on the maned" 00000 y of Jodie and giving a de-
scription°. their exploration of the illnialayette, in May
and lane 1866.
Captain Axxxx, is the attune" of Sir B. F. Outrun, read
• paper calling the attention of the association to the neces-
sity of adopting Hartlepool pier and port as a harbtar of
refuge, in order to accommodate the Maness of shipping on
the rest roost of England.
Mr. 0. logien BOOM? then read his paper on the
importance of periodied engineering surveys of tidal har-
bour% illustrated by a comparison of the surveys of the
river Mersey. He pointed out the intent to which the'
ma bad encroached apes the land at *he mouth of the
Mersey, the average yearly 'enmeshment being about six
yards, and showed the isoasequent necessity of repeated end
minute surveys, for the purpose of discover*, where the
ma encroached, and where deposits were lain down, with
the view of preserving the harbours wideteriersted.
After • protracted conversation es this gabfest, it was
agreed to re-appoint the Memel Liquify Committee, with
the addition of Sir Phillip Egerton, sad to recommend the
Amottiatimee Committee of Beeseasseadatient M melte •
gnat of 1001. towards the expellees of the eoeualttee.

SICTION F.-41%11171M
MONCLTON MILLI, SKI., presided.
Bic-rsors 051.—Mscakdrem. Elsa

Mr. J. MIC(1; WAN MA7IIIII ;I reed a paper an the opera-
tion of the Patent Laws, la "shish he pointed oat several
detests._

-------
Mr. FAIIIIIVIN said at least the wet for a patent should
M so more than U.

Mr. T. Windex& argued that it would be wrong to mak•
patents much cheaper thou they are, u it would throw a
large temptation in the way of foolish persons to protect all
muscat of absurdities. The question of lunation is one of
bests against money. Manufseturen do sot and calmest
and to encourage inventions, Irons having slmo.t always
so conch capital invested in sash machinery as they pre-
sently require, sad consequently an •owilliog to throw
away what they hove, merely for the chance benefit which
a new invention might afford.
Sir D. Bollworm' argued that patents should not only be
given for nothing, but that government should Ries a
&bounty to any inveotioo, however frivolous, and this not
for the benefit of patentees alum, but also on account of the
Mr. Be :Immix took up the questioa in opposition to Sir
D. Brewster, in as far as giving patents for livery fovea-
tins was mourned, Out thought • bounty should bo glum
to useful inventions.

A gentleman in the audience asked the definition of a
medal invention.
Dr. Koziestov, of Armagh, said that if there be any such
thing u property, it is clearly that which is the offspring of
a man's own intellect, and &great moral wrong was perpe-
trated if the price of patents were cue farthiag man than
safßatent to cover all law expesees.
The Earl of Hannowar disapproved of bounties, sad
thought government ought not to be eatraeted with the
right of decidiag GO the utility or inutility of in ions.
Mr. WARD read a paper by W. Bridges Adams, C.E., in
which he gave a description of various kinds of projectiles.
In giving his idea of the best form of • hell, Mr. Adams
thought that the conical form, with feathery, was the best,
which is tautly teat Mr. Kennedy, of Kilmarnock, has
lately patented, and which has been experimented upon
lately at Ardroman aad Tram. Tee ilea of an elongated
ball, which should else be charged like a bomb, has also
been anticipated by Mr. Kennedy. Welded gnus, united
by hydrostatic pressure—the coating inside with another
sisal to prevent &Malawi, and several other improvements,
W tick ha•eia part been adopted by inventors, were also

Dr. ROBINSON opened the discussion, and was of opinion
that feathers upon a ball was a mistaken idea, because the
bell earriis with it a portion of sir, and that rotation could
not be Neared to the ball by feathers alone, as they could
not at but on the body of air which they canted with
them. Rifled guns are more liable to burst, becalm the
forces necessary to explode a ball from such a piece of ord.
nonce (greater than that required for a plain bored gun ;
sad else that a rifled gun a, much more liable to bunt or
be rendered melees from freqatint discharge*, because of
the fern neeeseary to cease rotation having to be added to
that which mosses projection. Dr. Robinson then *Hurled
to the broom guns of the Dardanelles, which are of three
feet bore, used against our fleets not many years since, and
which were made by Habana 11., and asked whether
braise might not now be used instead of coat iron. He then
suggested the probability that on experiment railway iron
might be found better than east iron for ordnance.
Mr. WILLIABI FAIZBAIIIN said the materiel of which
guise are now made Is inferior to that used fifty years ego,
and added that from a unmet elatninatiun of welded guns,
which be said were torn asunder as though they had been
made of paper, that he was doubtful whether guns so
made would ever serve any useful purpose. Guns made
of welded staves were always liable to tear by the action
of the discharges. east guns cool irregularly,
and when the gen is bored t►e metal is mere porous
in the centre than on the outside. The Americans, to ob-
viate this, cast their guns with a core, through which a
stream of cold water is carried, which makes them cool regu-
larly ; but he did not consider their mode any inspiovemens
He thought that the guns at present used were too short,
and that by being • fat or more longer an economy of
powder would result, while the range and elm would be
better. He thought the shape of goo, was at present faulty.
They are thick at the breech, and the walls are casts of
equal thickness throngh their whole length ; and he was
inclined to think an impressment would be found if the
muscle were thinned and the breech thickened. One great
evil at present was the fealty character of the iron used for
ordnance. The Turkish guns which he had ►xamined were
cast of gun metal, and did admirably. The Russian guns
were better than ours, and yet the most of them were cast
in this country, therefore the subject should be easefully
*stained. . _ _ . .

Dr. Rontresow asked whether it might not be possible to
asks guns of braise, with a lining of iron or steel.
Mr. FAIZIAIIII thought all guns mad• of pieces, and of
soy milted metals. would prove failures. because of tbe frs
quest beatings they would bays to undergo in the process
of manufacture. He thought that steel guns. examples of
which are in the Exhibition of Paris, might be found very
metal. if not for guns of large use, at least fir field pieces
and ethers of Mali calibre.

In reply to M►. G. W. MUIR,
A OINTLIMAN stated that the Mears. Downie, of Wood-
side Foundry, had lately made a meting for hydrostatic
purposes, which was made of malleable iron, with a coating
of east itc,s, which was cspable of bearing a great presser..
He said that a gas bad been made on the same principle,
het it had not yet bees triad.
Dr. Rostrisow and Mr. Tumorous were much inte-
rested with Ibis feet, and on inquirieg what protean the
casting had been tried with, were informed that it had
stood a pressure of 6,000 pounds. They concurred is the
idea that the gun should be tested as soon as possible, for
valuable information on the subject might be elicited.

Joint B. GouGil.—" I have jut had the pleasure,"
writes a correspondent of the New York Jounsal of COW I
mown, dating Holden, Worcester Co., bleseachusetw, " of
a visit to the elegant residence of John. B. Gough, the noted i
temperance lecturer, which is situate a short distance from
here, in the town of Boylston, sad about six miles from
Worcester. Its appearance, associated with the hideous
scope, of his personal experience, as vividly portrayed in his
oratorical efforts, indicates an upward flight in prosperity
as signal and rapid as was his descent to apparent ruin. The
farm, which embraces 66 acres of excellent land, nearly all
under high cultivation, is somewhat retired from the main
avenue of travel, and graved by an elegant residence in the
American style of runs architecture, with commodious out-
buildings, a nett farmhouse, handsome gravelled walk., and
flower beds, nurseries of young trees, itc. The whole is in
charge of an experienced farmer, employing assistants, while
a terrific little black dog, about eight inches in length, whose
vociferousness is barking is only equalled by kis fleeterea in
running when danger threatens, taken the responsibility of
Rundle' the gates. A good variety of fowl, and domesti-
c•ted animals, with sundry improvements constantly in
progress, convey an impression of thrift and luxurious ease
pleasant to experience. The proprietor has recently re-
turned from &lecturing tour is Bumps, apparently improved
in health and in purse and in a few months will probably
resume his transatlantic temperance efforts, in which his
wife, being childless, accompanies his."
SERIOUS AnuT.—On Friday last an inquest
was held on the body of an Irishman, named Patrick
Brasil, who had been killed is a qaanel on the previous
Mooday, by another Irishman, named Patrick Reynolds,
at Whits Abbey, in Leeds. A carousal had taken place at
the Caledonia beerhossee, at which Reynolds, Brasil, and
about thirty others were present. Some animosity 'misted
between the two named, in ooseegeence of Brazil's sister
baying slew weeks ego affiliated her illegitimate child on
PAyae S. who was committed to Wakefield Rouse of Cor-
ned= In default of paying the amount of the megistrates
smisr. Oa leavingthe boerhous a quarrel was commenced
by some mama, endued by the man, and ended by
Reptile MANN; with a clasp knife Patrick Barony,
Pettish Ira" sad Michael Larkins, a militiaman, who
were imenepsi Se the lalinseap. Brasil died ea Vbetaes-
timing Whims is net Guested to mover, morcation
hula. sapavveaed; Decay is not so seriously Wand, but
ate rusks at the Taibmary. Evideses having been
=of the heft. the Jury bead a verdict ei mu.
tor," The Oman said they bad talus a vary
r meselfal view el lite gala his was *aim being that it was
• ear a wilful malier. The prisms* was lima tally ere..
WWI he Wild Yak Oislise—Lanett Mercury.