The Express.
London, England, 1855-07-31 00:00:00

GERMANY AND THE WAR.

We have received from Frankfort an account of
the resolution of the Germanic Diet on the Austrian
communication, considered in its sitting of the 26th,
already briefly reported by telegraph. The Diet
thanks Austria for its exertions in the cause of peace,
commends her for not seeking to extend the obliga-
tions of the confederation, &clans that Germany is
not at this moment called to take new engagements
upon itself, and finally resolves to maintain the fede-
ral contingents of the several states in a posture of
1 preparedness for war. The voting was unanimous.

THE SEA OF AZOFF.

The Northern Bee, of St. Petersburg, has the fol-
lowing from Roetoff, on the Don :

The most vigorous measures have been taken here. Both
the banks of the Don and the Donets have beta armed with
batteries. The river is defended with gunboats and the
town by Cossacks. Telegraphic poets have been appointed
to firm a oasamanioation with Taganrog. The inhabitants,

tranquillised by the messuns of the government, return to
their habitations. Our export trade is stopped, but our wools,
although not sent abroad, maintain their high price, and
this branch of commerce feels less than any other the pres-
sure of the war. The manufacturers of Voronei, Tamboff,
and Hounk, take off lug. quantities. The pool of un-
washed wool is worth from 10f. 25c. to 10f. 50e.. At present
the sales amount to 50,000 peods.

Naw OMAN Man Lutz FROM LIVERPOOL.—The
Liverpool These gutless the recent establishment, ander a
lugs and influential Bpsaish company, of a line of steamers
to ply from Liverpool to koala sad Havana. It Is intended
that • regular monthly sommuare' atioa shall b. kept up
between Liverpool and 13 , the steamers calling at
Vigo, on the coast of Spain, and Porto Rico, in the West
India, to had sad embark passengers. The Ammer vessel
of the fleet (the Rabies), a first aloe screw steamer, is
already tiosapleted, sad the others an rapidly constracting.
The aseasuremeat of the Habeas is 1,750 teas, and she will
have mean of 400 bees. power, and espial for 80 first
Mete, 40 wend class, end 80 third class penmen, about
1,000 toss of cargo, sad 20 days' eeasemptica of soaL 'De
other four vessels are about the same Sin, sad will be
laaaehed daring the not Uwe sheaths.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 1
(now • STIPPLIKINT TO TNT imannw.)
War Department, July SO.
Lord Paamnia has this day received two dmpatches
and their onsisamos. of which the following are
amiss, addressed to his lordship by Lient-Geseral
Simper, commanding her Majesty's forms in' the

Before-Sebastopol. July 17,1855.
My Lerde-1 have the honour to submit for your
ripiship'siatiriaitimi the accompanying letters from
Lient:-Colemd Campbell, 90th Regiment—the one
referring to his persdnal services, sod the other to
those of a party of the 55th Regiment en the occasion
of the capture of the Quarries in front of the Redan
on the night of the 7th alt.
With regard to Lient.-Colooel Campbell's own ser-
vices, I think it right to inform your lordship that I
find, upon inquiry, that the charge of holding the
Quarries on the night in question, and of repelling
the repeated attacks of the enemy, was confided to
that officer after he had led the assault, and was, in
fact, a separate and detached command from that of
Colonel Shirley, who noted u general of the day in
the trenches of the right attack; the despatch of the
late Field Marshal Lord Raglan has already shown
how admirably that duty was performed by the brave
men who were under the immediate direction of
Lient-Colonel Campbell.
The Lieut.-Colonel's letter, recording the good con-
duet of the party of the Stith Regiment, speaks for
itself. I have, &c.,
JAMES SIMPSON,
Lieutenant-04mnd Commanding.
The Lord Panmure, &c.
Camp, Light Division, July 13, 1855.
Sir,—The despatch of the late lamented Field-
Marshal Lord Raglan, of 9th June, mentions that I
commanded the storming party on the Quarries on
the evening of the 7th June. May I beg most re-
spectfully that you will bring it to the notice of
Lientenant•Osneral Simpeon,Commanding the Forces,
that I not only had the honour of commanding the
storming party, but that having been twice wounded
in the assault, I retained the sole and undivided
command in the Quarries, not only of the original
attacking force and supports, but of all reinforce-
ments, during the whole night, until relieved at 7 a.m.
on the Bth. The despatches must have explained al-
ready that the enemy made several desperate efforts,
during the night, to regain the works, and that on three
occasions overpowering numbers succeeded in re-en-
tering, but were, on all occasions, driven back at the
point of the bayonet. The entire night was, indeed, one
continued struggle for this position, the fatigue and
anxiety of which I have recovered from. When
Lord Raglan's despatch was completed, I have reason
to suppose his lordship had not received the details,
es my own report to Colonel Shirley, general of the
trenches, wan unavoidably delayed in consequence of
my wounds, and not being able to write. In justice
to myself, conscious of having performed en impor-
tant'duty, to the best of my ability, and successfully,
I now respectfully submit this statement to the
Commander of the Forces, with the hope that he
may be pleased to have my services on this occasion
mentioned and particularised. At present, several
officers have equal praise in the despatch who were
not in the Quarries at all.—l have, &0.,
Ron. CAMPBELL, Lieutenant-Colonel,
C mmanding 90th Light Infantry.
Lieutenant-Colonel Brownrigg, Military
Secretary, &c., Head Quarters.
Camp, July 10.
Sir,—l have the honour of forwarding the enclosed letter
for the consideration of the Lieutenant. General Command-
ing the Forces; but I beg to remark, that in my report of
the ociurrences on the night of the 7th of Jane, I took care
to mention the services of the 65th Regiment, which appear
to have been overlooked in the late Field-Marshal's despatch.
—I have, dto.,
li. Swathe, Colonel, 88th Foot, Commanding in
the trenches on the night of 7th June.
The Military Secretary, Head Quarters.
Before Sebastopol, July 8, 1855.
134,-1 beg to draw your attention to the inadvertent
omission, in Lord Raglans despatch of the 9th June, of any
mention of the 60th Regiment as sharing in the attack and
defence of the Quarries, during the night of the 7th June.
I did not mention the regiment in my report, as they were
not given over to me as part of the attacking party; but
the officer commanding the party informs me that they,
being originally told off as a working party, were directed
by the engineer (Capt. Browne) to throw down their tools,
and that they were moved by you as a support to Egerton's
Rifle.pit,whence they moved to support the attacking party,
and did good service in clearing the Russian trenches, and
in the defence throughout the night, as their severe list of
killed and wounded attests (53 out of 100), many of the
former not being found until the flag of truce, when their
bodies were found in the trenches they had gained.
The officer in eommand of the party, Captain, now
Major,Cure, reports that the gallant conduct of Lieutenant
Stone, who was killed at the heed of his men, charging the
Russians in their trench with the bayonet, and of Captain
Elton, who, with a small body of men, formed a covering
party on the right to those who were reversing the trench,
is particularly deserving of mention, as is that also of Lieu-
tenants Scott and Williams, who were most active in per-
forming their duties.
Hoping that the commander of the forces may deem this
statement sufficiently satisfactory to enable him to move in
the subject, I have, tto ,
ROIL Cuirszia., Lieut.-Colonel, 90th Stet.,
Commanding Assault.
To Colonel Shirley, Commanding tad Brigade,
Light Division.

Before Sebastopol, Jolv 17.
My Lord,—l have the honour to transmit here-
with the nominal and numerical return of casualties
in this army, from the 13th to the 15th instant; also
the weekly report of the Inspector.Oeneral of Hos-
pitals, which will be most gratifying to your lord-
ship, u showing a steady decrease in the number of
cases of sparmodic cholera.
I have but little to report to your lordship : our
siege operations are steadily progressing.
Last night, about 11 o'clock, a sortie was made by
the enemy on the right of the French works, in front
of the Mamelon ; the cannonade and fire of musketry
was exceedingly heavy, but I have not u yet been
made acquainted with any particulars of the attack.
I regret to have to announce to
,your lordship the
death of Captain Rowland A. Fraser, of the 42nd
Highlanders, a very talented young officer, who was
killed in the trenches of the right attack, last night,
by the splinter of a shell.—l have, &c.,
JAMES SIMPSON,
Lieutenant-General Commanding.
_ _ _

The Lord Panmure, &o.
Head Quartet*, Camp before Sebastopol,
July 17, 1855.
Sir,—ln transmitting the weekly state of sick, I have
mudsatisfaction in being able to report to you a continued
improvement in the health of the army.
There has New an increase of fever cases this week, but a
marked decrease) in both the frequently and severity of
bowel affections.—l have, &a., Joux HALL,
InspeetorGsneral of Hospitals,
To Lieut.-General Simpson, Commanding-in•Cbief.

Nunsmen. Inman or Canaan= nom Taa lire To nut 15re or
JOLT, 1655, rocznana—Srd Battalion, drearier Onards —I rank and 4
file wounded, let Battalion, Boots Fusiliennards-1 rack and file 1
killed, 1 rank and dli rural. Ist Battalion, let Regiment of ,
Foot-1 rank and die wounded. Ilk Foot-1 rank and Ile wounded. ',
lath Foot-4 rank and file wounded. 19th Foot-3 rank and file
warded. 61st Foot —1 rank and file killed 2 rank and file
rends& 84th Foot-1 Tank and file killed; 4 rank and file
werdel. Ur Foot-2 rank and file wounded. 41st Foot-1 rank
sad Om wounded. 47th Foot-1 riser, 8 rank and file, wounded. j
ea.k reat-1 rank and file klllad ; k rank and file wounded. 50th
Foot-4 rank malls wounded. 69th Foot—l rank and file wounded.
gird Per-2 rank and filo wounded. 95th Foot-3 rank and file .
words& lad Battalion Ride Brigade-1 rank and file ,
warded. Total-4 rank and file killed; 1 office/434 rank and file,
worded.
NOIIIMAL BRIO= or OTEICEAS DUO DAVI lUD WADED= non ma
lira to PM lb= JOLT, 1655, nianian.—July 15.-47th Foot—
ClVTimm Repo slightly.
ILIAN DAMN or Non-Ccuunmeno) Omar AND Pawn=
Brno Mat to Ore to ma Ifea JOLT, INCLAUVA.—Sith
Foot—Pride Weir Wad, tat liettalla. Mess Podlar Guards—
Prints Jose MIL MO reet—Pdaste Mom Miklos. Slit I
NOMINAL BOOM VP ikINADINIDINDIVAD OTINCIRS AND PRIVATES
WOOSDIN VASE VMS Ik. to vas lkat Jot. 18,3, umanne.—July
IS.—lot Battalkr let Peat—Private WWI= Seward, dl6hUs. Rh
Pact—Private MON Bleadat, meanly. 18th Fad—Prnato John
Tr severely. WO Port—Privale Moos Oelleirroad. siOtly.
4iat iien—Frinte hick Bowles, severelp. MO Fool—Private Daniel
Kelly
.07 severely. 93rd Fact—Corponikes Perko ertately; Private
Jabs Pekto,_
July 10.—ada Mao= Grarlier Olods—Ptirde
.tol BattallokeetsPeraer Cleade WS.
. 18th Fore—Prtvalse Jed Usreve6ll;
Thum atly ; Prink Raab) SINGNIII, NaNt.ct..
Patois/ante lift relay. 47th Foot—Telara did Sallsberry,
etvanly ; name Ilestersididittl. Oak Peit—PlowJeke Woo
villa. devenly. Ilkitleet—fatvelea 'Ames Mamie. 8111khtly; Joao
was, allwy fd4k Feat—Oaaporal Minas, alight"
Private IWO der diekllN
July 11.-110 Pio—Privates Hob lasatry. adwraly ;
Dem. filet*. Slat Peut—lttrate ado Dm% nowely. 811 k
Fait—ParaMaa MOM Com dem* ; Jame Oast. WOO". ;
L= sem=airiblel"tittaamZ=hott
getzt rest—. rrhatib.hekTilek. allatla4Loodioebt_
eavroly. led Brlpd—Privata Judo
OW.
• etToeN Sr CASVAL7IIO DI TVS 110 TAR. SWANS ROW
autoroto res Ors to ltve num. 1833.
Wooded—JO' Tome. looter. estaty. Kinad—jasms
Upton, AA. ROW.

I :OUR ARMY IN THE CRIMEA.

('ROM • 'SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.)
CAMP BEFORE SEBASTOPOL, Am: 17.
When I comp;aiiefl. in my last letter, of the unre-
strained rapacity of the dealers at Ba'Alava and
Xadikoi I was unaware of a very excellent order
issued a day or two previously by Captain Heath,
the principal agent of transports, with a view to effect
a reform over those of them at least to whom his
jurisdiction extends—the muter* and stewards of
transports. The latter of these especially had for a
long time been in the habit of taking advantage of
the famine prices imposed on those in camp, and
selling, over the ships' sides, beer, preserved meats,
poultry, butter, flour, and other similar articles of con-
sumption at a trifling redaction on the tariff esta-
blished by the regular dealers. Instead of being
oontent with a fair or even a high profit on the
articles in which they carried on this half surrepti-
tious trade, these individuals undersold the Kadikoi
gentry only by so much as was barely sufficient to
constitute an inducement to purchasers, instead of
giving the latter the benefit of their immunity from
freight and the other attendant charges for importa-
tion. This practice having at length tardily found
its way to Captain Heath's ears, that very zealous
and efficient officer speedily promulgated an order,
forbidding for the future the sale of any of the before-
mentioned articles at prices above what may yield a
fair profit to the sellers; such, for example, as bottled
beer at 13s. a dozen instead of 24e. The Alma came
in in the beginning of last week, and attempted, in
defiance or evasion of this regulation, to dispose of
her steward's investment at the usual enormous rates;
but I that a pointed reminder from Captain
Heath speedily brought down her charges nearly
fifty per cent. Since then, the Golden Horn has
arrived with a large stock of beers, wines, and
preserves, and commences a sale of the whole
to-day at the rates fixed by the principal agent's
order a rare boon to short-parsed young
gentlemen in the front. This is no reason,
however, to expect that this happy reduction will
condone; for stewards and masters will scarcely
deem it worth their while to invest money in goods
which must be sold at fairly remunerating prices,
and probably, under Captain Heath's approaching
successor, the order will become practically obsolete,
and prices on board ship be again what they have
been and now are on shore. The only effectual re-
medy for the evil lies in some such step as I sug-
gested in my last letter—namely, the periodical des-
patch by the government of a ship, or ships, with
goods to be sold in Balaklava at prices which should
cover simply cost price at home, with freight. in-
surance, and other charges of exportation hither.
The army would then be able to have its needful
comforts at a fair price—in every case a hundred per
cent. cheaper than at present, and in many cases
twice that; for the cheapness would not be confined
to these consignments, but would extend to those of

every conscienceless speculator who in at present
battening on necessities which can be no way else
supplied.
General. Simpson's very sensible refusal to accept
the command-in-chief, and the continued delay in

Lord Panmure's finding some one else, still keep us in
the same state of wearying and discouraging inac-
tivity that existed when I last wrote. To be sure,
the routine business of the siege goes on ; much ammu-
nition and some lives are daily and nightly expended,
and our advanced works are still prosecuted in a way ;
but it would need sharper vision than I can pretend
to to trace the progress of one week over that which
went before, or to see how the grand end we aim at
is being at all brought nearer. Be he who he may—
Lord Gough or Sir Harry Smith—the new comman-
der-in-chief will find a task before him with which no
ordinary energy will suffice to grapple—nothing lees
than the labour of infusing new life and activity into
every arm and department of his force; of weeding
out incapacity, and substituting well qualified ability
in its stead; and of redeeming by prompt and well-
directed vigour the wasted months frittered
away by the feeble indecision of his prede-
cessor. His advanced age and personal infir-
mities unfit General Simpson for the task ; and
though it is difficult to say who of our senior
Generals is much better off in these respects, he has
acted wisely, as well for his own reputation sake as
for that of the public service, in declining a post for
which he knew himself to be unfit. It would be well
if the same honest principle had weight with many
of his inferiors.

You will have heard from your correspondent with
Omer Pitches force of the continued inactivity in the
neighbourhood of the Tchernaya—after all the
trumpeting and lofty parading. of what was to have
been done there by Turks, Sardinians, and French.
Instead of pursuing their course round towards Mac-
kenzie's Farm by Maugop Kale, the whole allied
force appears to have quarteret. itself permanently—
for the present, at all events—along the grassy and
wooded slopes round Balder and overlooking the sea,
pleasantly employing its men in the erection of leafy
wicker huts, and other contrivances conducing to indi-
vidual comfort, and leaving the Cossacks to career
undisturbed along the slopes and summits of the
opposite plateaux. Whilst campaigning, however, is
thus at a stand-still, the situation of this advanced force
affords an opportunity for exploration interior wards,
which was agreeably taken advantage of a few days
I ago by a party of English and French officers. Bent
on a day's adventurous enjoyment, some eight or
nine of these gentlemen, properly mounted and
armed, started, in the middle of last week, for an
excursion beyood the most advanced of the Turkish
advanced pickets. After riding on through some six
miles of wooded ravines without meeting with any of
the " everlasting" Cossack., they suddenly came
upon a large and handsome villa, before which they
pulled up and commenced a council of war as
to the advisability of entering. Their delibera-
tions, however, were cut short by the owner—
s Ramie.' nobleman—coming out himself, and,
with the best grace in the world, inviting " the
strangers" in—assuring them, at the same time, that
there were no Cossacks within two or three miles of
the house, and that they might therefore make them-
selves perfectly easy. In, accordingly, the party
went, were entertained with an excellent luncheon—
with champagne ad lib.—and after spending a couple
of hours in as pleasant a manner as campaigners could
desire, took leave of the hospitable Muscovite, and re-
turned to the Turkish otitpoir.s altogether unmolested.
The report of this pleasant episode has, I am told,
sent more than one company of luncheon-lovers to the
Russian villa since ; but whether or not their experi-
I once ham, in every case, been similar to that of the
first, I have not learned—though probably the same
sensible policy which drew out the champagne corks
before, may have done so as freely since.
Amongst some other very sensible orders issued
from head-quarters since the beginning of the present
interregnum, one merits mention as embodying a
marked improvement upon the custom in force during
Lord Raglan's time—namely, the allotment of trench-
duty to the three Divisions—Light, Second, and
Fourth—by rotation, instead of indiscriminately, as
before. Not only is the actual amount of duty falling
to the share of each regiment in these divisions les-
sened by the new arrangement, but it now comes at
regular intervals, and consequently with a much less
sense of severity to both officers and men employed.
An undue and rather hard share, however, still falls
to tie lot of the Light Division, considering its great
numerical inferiority to either of the other two; but
when new drafts shall have made up its regiments to
their normal strength, the hardship which is now not
unfairly complained of will be mitigated. Why Sir
George Brown was so long permitted to indulge his
whim of overworking his division as he did was a
secret to everyone not at head-quarters; for nothing
could have been more patent than the utter dispro-
portion of duty—both fighting and working—which
fell to the unhappy regiments who owned his imme-
diate control.

yesterday made a circuit through the trencher,
on our own left and right attacks, in hopes of dis-
covering some marked signs of progress Enos the
fatal 18th; but the toil and peril of theiourney were,
but badly recompensed—little or nothing meeting
my eye beyond what I have reported many days ago.
To by sure, the advanold trenches am carried some-
, what nearer to the enemy ; and besides the spoiled
0-gun battery—now turned into • mortar battery—

a small one, for two Lau:aster
elic ts, *
coons of erection, in &dyes°e of the old 8-gue eraik
This last product of our engineers' inventive %mad;
r.:its ietac,nitkitw point tlehibeyh
early lsihtto lue
in i,dweephrai are
cvem bet wanie..
leanr:;44v
is designed to play on the shipping in the Duthie.'
of the harbone,_whencie if they shift over to this ope*,-
site bank, the French will be able to play upon aceek
on
vaned with
teo eafftsecotattthee ofThp
engineering as we proceed, and discovering our deiNte
and errors only by some dear-bought piece of expel
oncein almost every case. In the large 21.gan
battery the eye tell upon practical evidence of the
work which that well-fought battery bee
through, in the shape of several burst
guns, and still more disabled ones, strewed
around half-buried or altogether uncovered in fly
rear of the work. Most of the guns in polar*
have just been " bushed" anew, the excessive &meant
of fire which they have gone through having nearly
altogether worn away the old vents. In connexion
with this piece of repairs, I may mention a piece of
official culpability which is spoken of throughout the
camp in terms much more forcible than compli-
mentary. Inside the past ten days two—if not three
—of the sixty-eights with which this battery is
armed have burst through fair dint of overwork, and
the knowledge that several of the remaining pieces
have likewise been worn into a dangerous state in-
duced the authorities at bead-quarters to have the
whole examined by a board of officers early last week.
The result of the examination wu a report condemn-
ing the whole of the remaining guns in the battery as
unserviceable and dangerous, many of them having
been fired as often as three thousand times, or six
times u often wrench pieces are usually calculated to
bear. In the face of this report, however, the guns
have since been new-vented, as I have remarked,
and are again in daily and nightly use the
whole of them liable at any moment to fly
to pieces, and play havoc amongst the un-
fortunate blue jackets who work them. The
plea urged in justification, I believe, is the want of
other sixty-eights with which to replace them ; but
surely it would be better to draft the needful number
from those still with the fleet—who are not likely to
make any earthly use of them—or to shut up the
battery entirely for the fourteen or fifteen days tie-
usury to have others sent out from England: any.
thing better than the strong chance of killing our
own man. From our right attack 1 had a good view
of the French sap in advance of the Mamelon, and
was surprised to find it pushed on so far: its further
extremity is fully two-thirds of the distance towards
the Malakhoff—being at present within a short two
hundred yards of the latter redoubt, and, °will to
the sudden rise of the ground, quite safe from the
Russian guns, which cannot be sufficiently depressed
to fire into it without an alteration of some of the em-
brasnres,which the enemy are not at all likely to make.
In addition to its being commanded by the guns of
the Mamelon behind, four fieldpieces are stationed in
the sap itself, to r ceive sallying parties with
grape and canister. These attacks are now almost
nightly; on Saturday night a strong one was again
made and vigorously kept up for nearly half an hour,
when the sortiers were driven back with considerable
loss, after having, I believe, effected an entrance into
the trench. Last night, again, another took place,
evidently on a still larger scale, for nearly the whole
of the guns in our right, as well as those of the
Mamelon and its adjacent French works, blazed away
furiously for nearly three-quarters of an, hour about
midnight ; whilst an incessant storm of musketry
from the neighbourhood of the sap rendered it still
further evident that that was the point attacked.
The night was pitch dark, and yet the fire was so
heavy that the whole sky over the scene of the strug-
gle was as lucidly bright as the Surrey Gardens or
Vauxhall during a "Grand Eruption of Vesuvius," or
some similar pyrotechnic display on a large scale.
These nightly episodes, however, have long ago be-
come so common as to excite hardly a remark; and
one sees showers of shells rolling through the air,
and rockets tearing upwards on their long course,
with as much unconcern as if the whole were merely
some sth of November display of schoolboy fireworks,
instead of bona fide warfare, with all its ugly
results.

A more unpleasant subject for remark just now
lies in the expected certainty of the army's being
encamped for another winter on these bleak
heights, with which memory associates so many
hardships and disasters. Camp rumour declares
that twenty-one miles of stabling is en route, or on
the eve of starting from England ; and, in all sober-
ness, the discontent arising from the prospect of
passing through another ordeal of winter horrors—
however softened by improved arrangements and
better supplies—is very general amongst both officers
and men. It seems as it those in authority expected
one of two things—either that Sebastopol will not
be taken before winter, or that its capture will take
place too late in the season to admit of field opera-
tions afterwards—a choice of contingencies neither of
which can be considered complimentary to our ma-
nagement of affairs. The only hope seems to lie
in the possible vigour with which the new
general may inaugurate his accession to the command.
If he display a proper amount of that rare quality,
we may be in Simpheropol or Backtchi Serai yet be.
fore the end of October; if not, we are "in" tor an-
other winter's decimation here, as sure as ever mis-
management bore fruit in failure. To be sure three
months are yet available for a prevention of this cala-
mity ; but when one reflects on the little which has
been done during the three last, there is little ground
for hoping that the status quo will he much advanced
or improved. Supposing the new commander-in-
chief, however, to arrive in the meantime, another
fortnight, or three weeks, at farthest, is likely to
witness a renewal of the attempt of the 18th, as the
advanced saps will then be completed ; and let us
hope that better generalship will save us from the
calamitous experience which blundering arrangements
and bad execution resulted in last time.