The Express.
London, England, 1852-03-30 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, MARCH 80, 1852.

Mr. OSBORNE joined in the entreaty that the bill
should be merely laid en the table, so that the opinion of
the country might be taken.
Mr. WALPOLE wished to remind the house that this
bill had been brought in in obedience to their own decision,
pronounced early in the pr.:lent se.sinn. The government
old not mean, however, to prbeced with it hastily, but to
postpone the second reading until after Rester.
Leave gives.
SUPPLY.
_ _ . _ .

On the bringing up thWeportoithe committee of supply,
Mr. WILLIAMS asked whether anything were to be
done relative to the price of Exchuer Bills.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that
they had no power to alter the price of Exchequer Bills
until June next.

Mr. 111.7251 E said that the Chancellor of the Exchequer
should teka the opinion of the house before settling the
price of Exchequer Bills. It wu his duty to watch the
market, oud to matte the cheapest possible bargain for the
public.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER sod that'
the present of jest was merely to cosepleto an arrangement
which bad been commenced in January last. The rate of
interest was settled they., soil it was not in the power of the
house or the minister to alter the contract. Next June it
would hi- °pea to them to propose a new arrangement.
Mr. OLAN thought that the right hon. gentleman was
under 110313 r mistake, as the hills of January had lobe unewed
in March. What they were now Irwin.; would apply to June.
lie thought it the duty of the Chat., eller of the h.:chequer
to go into.the money market and snake the best arrange-
ment he could, always taking care that the rate lie filed en
was not so low as to bring the hills into disrepute.
Tho CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, assured the
boa. gentleman who last addressed the house, that he en-
. tircly agreed with the principles which he had laid down
respecting exchequer bills. lie only ruse to correct the
hon. g. ntletuan in saying that the rate of interest on ex-
chequer bills bad not re.ted with the present government.
since they had been in office, but that the arrangement was
made by their preslecesaurs.
Mr. W. WILLIAMS said the rate was settled in Marzli,
and the Eveln quer Bills were mining, d in June. He
thought they ought nut to allow the Chancellor of the Ex-
, chequer to have this vote without a distinct understandiog
what the rate of interest was to be. Ile thought that interest
at the rate of Id. would lie quite sufficient. Ho considered
that the late Chancellor of the Exchequer was guilty of a
great job in giving us much snore interest than was requisite
Atter a few words from Mr. Masiernuoi, Mr. Hume, and
Alderman Thorajeun the motion was then agreed to.
! _ THE MUTINY BILL.

The houPc then went into committee on this bill.

Mr. A. IIASTIE mortal, in elathe 68, line 86, after the
word ° Scotland," to leave out the weed, " according to •
the provisions of the laws in force in Scotland at the time
of its union with England," in order to insert the words,
"in the same manner as is hy this Oct authorised and pro-
vided for, in other parts of the United Kingdom," insttad
thereof. The 0b.,c0: of the aniendiutnt, he said, was to as-
similate the law in Scotland to what it was is England.
He thought that people in small towns in Scotland, who
were not publican+, ought not to bu subject to have sol-
diers billtterl on farm.

Major BERESFOILD opposed the amendment, which
he add was necessary in consequence of the accoinmodation
in public-houses, in the entailer towns of Scotland, not bring
sufficient to allow of bilkfting cm ii.us and public-houses
exclusively.
Mr. MIME thought Scotland shauld be placed in the
same po.ition as England in this respect.
After some observations tern Mr. A. Merit and Mr.
Dyne in support of the amendment, awl a request from
Mr. P. llow.sun that government would e..itsider the
grievance—a promise from the Cita NCE 1.1.0 IL of the Emma E-
QUER that at the proper time any real grievance would be
considered—the amendment was negatived, and the bill
agreed t,.
The Marine Mutiny Bill also paned t'iroligh committee.
ECCLESIASTICAL COURTS JURISDICTION.
. . .

Mr. 1101, ERIE mo%rd for leave to bring in a bill to
abolish the criminal jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts
in cases of brawling in churches, and others.
Agreed to.
PALVENTION OF CONTAGIOUS DISEASES IN

CATTLE.

Sir W. JOLLIFFE moved fur leave to bring in a bill to
continue an act of the 12th year of her present Al.kjeety, to
prevent the spreading of contagious or infectious disorders
among sheep, cattle, and uther animists.
Agreed to.
IRISH MANUFACTURES....

Lord NAAS obtained leave to latrad ave. a bill to continue
certain acts relating to linen, hempen, and other tuanuf.ic-
turen in Ireland.
MANCHESTER .AND SALFORD EDUCATION

IBIll:

Mr. KERSIIAW moved that flie select committee on the
Manchester and Salford Education Bill do consist of 16 mem
hers, and that Mr. I'ilkington be added to the committee.
Mr. WALL'OLE ob,etted that the effect of tho Mien
would be to alter the constitution of the committee, to
which, in the absence of any other member of tha govern-
ment, he could not assent.
Sir W. CLAY supported the motion, on the ground that
unless all parties were represented the result would not be
satisfactory.
.tr. W. I'ATTEN complained that as the committeeswas now constituted, a majority against the bill was upon
it, and if the present motion was carried ho should more to
add other members upon it. The parties to the bill had so
little hope of haring justice done to them by a committee
known to be hostile to the measure, that they were almost
disposed to withdraw from the bill altogether.
Mr. M. GOWN, on behalf of those who represented the
principle of secular education, objected that that Firty.wu
not fairly represented on the committee, but haring agreed
with the Secrt tary.of the Rome Department to the could-
tution of the committee an it stood, ho would hot seek to
alter it. _ _

The houso then divided—For the motion 24
Against it 63
Majority against the motion — 29
The house adjourned at ball. past owl o'clock.

rARY COMMITTEES.

SOUTH WALKS RAlLWAY.—Yesterday, in Mr.
Denial', committee, the preamble of this company's bill,lor
extensions and other purposes, was proved.
The preambles of the Ulaegow Union Arcade Bill and of
the Great Monstem Fair Bill were also declared proved.
WOILCUTIR LCD HEMIIPORD RAlLWAY.—Yeeteniaythe
traffic cam connected with this company's lino was gone into
at considerable length before the select committee of which
Mr. Childers is chairman.

POSTAGI Lenox degree.—Yesterday this oommittee,
Mr. Musts la the chair, proceeded to examine Mr. Bran-
ston, the eagraver, and Mr. Barbi Hill, the supervisor of
the postage sump department, Somme' House, having at
their preview meeting examined Mr. H. Archer on the
solkloot of his machine fur perforating postage stamps.
Tbe other contaaittese sitting were these on the Pharmacy
Bill, Income and Property Tax, Laws of Mortmain, Cue-
toms, and Ventilation and Lighting of the House.

Bite Vrorefso.

TO COROKSPON DENTS.
geelvd With* el ..11a Elyria.," eontalatny rM NM* emir'',
" tisane." L Aibliittal two, Tunas; raj night. In Uwe
for pad.
vow 'wawa, blendad " The Expran," London Zrialar paper,
mat be at Mau r% Id, Haaverka-streat. 1r lye cede& as the
day of pabliaatba.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Two Hay—Honda& se. nob. Altman. H. 716
to-gamy —lionsini. H. Stu+ •[Unin. 101".

LONDON, TUESDAY. MARCH 30.

THE whigs in their weakness proposed a Local
Militia Bill and lost office for their pains; the tories
propose a General Militia Bill, for which they deserve
an equally signal punishment. The whige proposed to
enrol for service, each in their own neighbourhoods the
young met who had just uttaiucd their majority—
those whq in truth, were in the intermediate step
between apprenticeship and matrimony, and they
made a 1;30W of constitutional propriety in saying
there should be no substitutes--that the force being
for defeosive purposes, Englishmen should, like
Frenchmen and t'ruseians, and other continental
citizens, be enrolled for the protection of the land
of their birth. The tories last night adopted the
worst portion of that which was bad in the whig
plan, and, repudiating its better features, pro-
posed to raise • militia—not qualified by
the local arrangement—not limited to the
young and comparatively unoccupied men—and not
having the pretence of equal justice to rich and poor
—but leclaring that all male subject', between the
years of 18 and 33 shall be liable to the conscription.
In the hope of covering in some degree the naked
enormity of this new plan, Mr. Secretary WAL-
rime, as the mouthpiece of the Drainv-Inansert
cabbie:, tried to throw a volunteer halo over the
preliminary stage of the intended compulsion.
Every man within these given ages of 18 and 35,
living a ithin the respective districts of the various
registrars of births and deaths,is to be at liberty, if he
pleaaes, to " volunteer" in each locality into this new
militia—to volunteer for service, shoulder to shout-
' der, with NOAKES and Srvtas, who may be tempted
to take the proposed bounty of If. to serve the
Qr EEN.
When the likelihood of invasion was rumoured
over the country, thousands of gentlemen, and yeo-
men, and tradesmen, and others, with true national
spirit, declared their readiness to volunteer as mem-
bers of rifle regiments for the protection of their
homes. These gentleineu may still volunteer if they
please, say the tones, as lull privates in forced militia
regiments, where for a given number of days each
year they will be drilled shoulder to shoulder with the
purchased substitute of those who may be compelled
by tile ballet to enter this proposed new force And
it they do not think tit so to offer themselves up to
this new desire for 80,000 additional troops, what
then? Why, in each registrar's district papers are
to be sent out, and every man within the years of IS
and 3.1 must stand his chalice of being drawn—and
if drawn must leave his business and his home, fur
the charms of drill and the attractions of forced
service under martial law—or, pay fir i substitute.
In the statement of the Secretary of State there
was no explanation on the subject of substitutes, bui
a question on this point later in the evening extorted
the admission that substitutes must be allowed,
'thus, then, the real truth peeps out more clearly in
the present case than it did under the scheme of the
whigs. What is really wanted is to introduce afresh
the censeription system in England. The govern-
ment want a reserve from which they can draw
recruits—as they did in old dare—for the fighting
regiment.. of the line; and they will make the
quiet working citizens of the nation find these
troops. Every man within the defined ages
is to be liable, and if drawn must either serve or pay
somebody to take his place. In days when wars only
exist in the imagination of the timid or the designing,
these substitutes may, perhaps, bo had readily, aid, it
may be. cheaply. NOAKES, 010 weaver out of work,
and STYLES, the ploughman, who has " been in
trouble" for poaching, may Nyco for a few pounds to
act as a substitute fur the widow's only sou or the
young newly-married husband, who may bu drawn
from his workshop to shoulder arms at the bidding
of a drill sergeant. But when the government have
got the 60,000 men they now demand as an addition
to our previously large military force—when with
this reserve to draw upon, it may suit them to en-
gage in quarrels abroad, the real burthen of the
militia will be felt. The cost of a substitute, instead
of ranging from 31. to 31., will rise with the risks of
war, as it did before, to 101., 151., 2W., 301., or even
higher, and then those who belong to the industrious
labouring productive classes of this country, will be
compelled to go personally into the ranks. If we
were told that Englishmen must bo content person-
ally to defend England—and—being all regarded
in the old constitutional sense as equal in the eye
of the law—if all who paid taxes were allowed
a vote in the disposal of their contributions—and if
the common fund were relieved from the burthen of
a standing army—then a proposition for the enrol-
ment of a militia force would be feasible enough.
Doubtless there are tens of thousands of men in
England who under the shadow of a threatened in-
vasion would find their hearts beat again ix the true
old spirit sung in the rhyme of NEtesvi.av when :
—Out stoke bravo Heretics, the captain of the gate:
To every man upon this earth death cometh soon or late.
Arad how can man die better thou facing fearful odds
Fur the ashes of his fathers, sail the temples of his gods,
And for the tender mother who dandled him to rest,
And fur the wife who nurses his baby at her breast ?"
But the signs that show how we hare this ancient
temper still in England are " snubbed " by the
powers that now be. The offer of volunteers are re-
fused. The Horse Guards and the Home Office will
have nothing to do with patriotism. They ignore,
they mistrust flit—they will have no offered service,
relying rather on the virtues of the ballot, or the
bounty of half-a-crown a month!
But now we have no fear of invasion. Louis
NAPOLEON has too much on hand at home to offer ,
a chance of danger to England. Such a thing,
is not even pretended by the promoters of
this new conscription. They cannot show any ono
good excuse fur calling out a militia. They cannot
prove it to be efficient; they cannot show that it is
economical, nor can they demonstrate that it is really.
necessary. With a large standing army and with
the finest fleet in the world—with a population ready
to volunteer in case of need, and ready also to turn
out almost en gnaw should the reality of danger arise
, —to attempt to pass a militia bill is tee bad. The
real intention of the measure is—as we before
explained—to embody. a corps of half-disciplined
men, rendered by their embodiment unfit for the
great
avocations of productive life, and likely there-
, ore to teed the ranks of any regular army flog
might be sent to do the work of war abroad. This
is the real and true meaning of a militia bill, and as
the debate of last night was only preliminary to that
which must hereafter arise on the question, it re-
mains to be seen how far the country at large is
ready—whilst supporting a large Hutt and a large
I standing army—to pay in person or in purse for an
' English conscription.

Tll6 EAILL OF DIARY has accepted, says the
Presto* Chronicle' the office of Prisident of the Royal
Ninth lAimaiiiiire Agricultural Society, and has j.roasised to
atteml the annual meeting at I'rcatou, iu Mmtember.
ETATS tilf THE PAUPER CHILDREN AT EDMONTON.
—l'aterday in adjourned meeting of the ratepayers a the
parish of St. Clement Danes was held in the vestry.rouut,
under the presidency of the Bey. W. Ellis, rector, to con-
sider the conflicting reports which have been made coat ern- 11
ing the sanitary and moral condition of the junior !Limier
establishment at Edmonton on the ono hand by u spacial
committee, and subsequently by Mr. J. F. Lime., a sur-
geon and on the other by Mr. Henry Diddle, ;webs/11 •
otticer of tho house ; sod also by Mr. hall, who was de-
puted by the l'oor Law Board to nuike u pommel
examination of the house. As the statements of
these gitatlenien who have been on the spot arc
in direct opposition to each other upon nearly all the
points, it is easy to midi rstand how ertat iliderence of
opinion may prevail among the ratepayers who di rend on
these sources for their information. Lest night, utter a
very stormy discussion, it was derailed that the correct ee-
-1 ports were those of Mr. Clarke aid the special commission,
I but a poll is appointed (or Friday next, when peasitily
'WE rent ri ,ult may ho obtained. As we hairs published
both tne orisinol char...o and the nnswer of the !'our Law
Board, we may be excused from going further into the

PoRT4NOT7II, MARCH 29.—The Plato, Lieu!,
t'omeiruler arrived to.d Wo.dwieh. She
eam- into 1101,110tIT, nod, when 1..:1101.11 will proceed to
the Went Corset of Atria, to relieve the Jacket ntenna ten-
der —The ttoeightly Penal tender Monied to thin port to-
day front Wool•rieb.—The Arrneoint, 411, screw steam-
frigate, Captain ltobsonon, wan paid op nix month,' woofs
to-day, and her crew given in fortnight'n leavo et alawnoe,—
The Sampien, ',leant frigate, will be paid down tomorrow.

FRANCE.
INSTALLATION OF THE LEGISLATIVE
BODIES.
DECLARATIONS OF LOUIS NAPOLEON.

PARIS, MONDAY EVINiNO.
To-day took place at the Tuileries, in the Sallee
des Marvellous, tho ceremony of the installation of the
great bodice of the state. The diplomatic corps, the
Senate, the Council of State, and the Legislative
Body, attired in their new costumes, met soon after
twelve, in the mow which open into the Hall of the
Marshals. The President left the Elysee, shortly be-
fore one o'clock, in a chariot, attended by General
do St. Arnaud, and escorted by a detachment of
cuirassier*. The quay and court of the Tuileries and
the Place do Carrousel were densely occupied by
troops of the line and lancers. The arrival of the
President was announced by salvos of artillery.
The Prince, surrounded by the ministers, the
officers of his military household, and the 111C111-
hers of the Council of State, took his seat
in the armchair placid for him under the dais, upon
a raised platform. (/n the right of this arm-chair,)
and one step lower, was u smaller one for the presi-
dent of the Senate, Jerome Bonaparte. Behind these
two arm-chairs and on the two sides, were ten chairs
for the ten ministers. The rest of tho estrade or
platform was occcupied by the council of state. The
hall was filled with lines of benches, occupied by the
Senate on one side and by the Corps boyish:o' on
the other. Very few of the latter body wore the cos-
tume, even that of the petite tense. M. de Moray
alone was en grnnde tome. M. de Montalembert,
with his black coat battened up, occupied, with his
friends, one of the last benches. The entrance of
the Senate, which took place after that of the
Corps Legislatiy; was made highly imposing
by the costumes of the cardinals, marshals, and
admirals. When the cannon announced the ar-
rival of the President all stood up. He was preceded
by the commander-in-chief and the staff of the na-
tional guard, and followed by Mom Bonaparte,
General Magnan, and the ministers. The President,
having taken his seat in the arm dial:, bowed to the
Assembly and said, " Messieurs, veuillez vous asseoir."
Everybody then sat down excepting the President
himself and Jerome Bonaparte, who remained stand-
ing during the whole speech. Louis Napoleon, who
was dressed as a general of the line, then, standing,
read in a firm and emphatic voice the following
speech:
THE PRESIDENT'S SPEECH.

Messieurs len Senateurs—Messieurs les DepuWs—The
dictatorship %inch the people confided to me ceases this
day. Things are about to resume their reaular course. It is
with *feeling of real satisfaction that I come here to proclaim
the putting to practise of the constitution, for my constant
anxiety (pr.'oecapation) hog bceu net only to re-establish
order, hut to rend, r it (hirable, by endow ing France with
institutions suited to her wants. But 'Tamay a few
months ago, you remember that the route 1 confiued my-
leaf within the narrow circle of say attributions, the more
it was attempted to tenth r that circle narrower still, in
order to deprive me of movement and action. Often dis-
couraged, I confess it, I have thought of abandoning a
Dower so much contested. What ro strained me was that I
law but one thing to succeed me—anercley ! Everywhere,
in fact, row up pasaions, ardent to destroy, incapable of
founding anythiug. There was nowhere either an institu-
tion or a man to cling to. Nowhere a right uncontested,
any kind of organisation, any practical system.
therefore, when, thanks to the assistaece of a
few courageous men, thanks above all •to the
energetic attitude of the army, all the dangers were dis-
pelled in a few hour+, my first care was to ask institutions of
the people. For too long a time society had resembled a
pyramid turned upside dawn, and attempted to be placed
upon its point. I have replaced it anon its base. Univer-
sal suffrage, the only source of right in touch conjunctures,
was immediately Authority regained its
ascendancy. Afterwards. France adopting the principal
provisions of the constitution which 1 submitted to her, I
was permitted to create political bodies whose influence will
be so much the greater from their attributions being
wisely regulated. In fact no political institution+ are dur-
able but those which fit in an equitable manner the limit
at which each power should atop. There are no other
means of arriving at a useful and beneficent application of
liberty. Examples are not remote from us. Why, in 1814,
did we see with satisfaction, in spite of our reverses, the
inauguration of the parliamentary riginte. Because
the Emperor, let us not fear to confess it, had been carried
on, by reason of war, to a too absolute exercise of power.
Why, on the contrary, in 1851, did Friince a;plawl the fall
of thin same parliamentary rgioraeo Because the Chambers
had abused the influence which that regime had given
them, and, in desiring to rule over all things, had compro-
mised the general equilibrium. Again, why was not France
troubled by tho restrictions applied to the liberty of the
press and to individual liberty ? Because the one had de-
generated into license, and the otter, in place of being the
regulated exercise of the right of every individual, bad by
odious excesses threatened the rights of all. The extreme
danger, for democracies especially, of seeing badly-defined
institutions continually sacrificing power and liberty by
turns, was perfectly well understood by our fathers half
a century ago, when, on emerging from the
revolutionary tempest, and after vain experiments
of all sorts of systems, they proclaimed the consti-
tution of the year rill., which has served as a pat-
tern for that of 1812. Doubtless, it does not sanction all
those liberties to the abuses even of which we were accus-
tomed, but it consecrates others that ore truly liberties. On
the morrow of a revolution, the first guarantee for a people
dues taut consist in the immoderate use of the tribune and
the press. It consists in the right to choose a government
such as it likes. Now, the French nation has, perhaps, for
the first time, given to the world the imposing spectacle of
a great people voting, in all liberty, the form of its govern-
ment. f him the chict of the state, whom you have before
you, is really the expression of the popular will. And
what do I see before me? Two chambers. 0119
elected by virtue of the most liberal law that
exists in the world ; the other, nominated by me,
it is true, but also independent, because it is
irremovable. Around me you see men sf admitted merit
and patriotism, always ready to support me by their coun-
sels, and to enlighten rue with regard to the wants of the
country. This constitution, which from this day forth will
be put in practice, is nct, then, the work of a vain theory
and of despotism. It is the work of experience and reason.
Yon, gentlemen, will aid me to consolidate, to extend, and
to improve it. I shall comninnicate to the Senate and to
the Corps Legislatija report (e pose) of the situation of the
republic. In that they will nee that confidence has every-
where been re-established, that industry has everywhere
revived, and that, for the first time after a great political
change, the public fortune has increased iastead of holies
diminished. Within the last 'our months my government
has found It possible to encourage many useful enterprises,
to reword many services, to relieve much distress, to elevate
the position of the greater part of the principal functionaries,
and all that without increasing the taxes or deranging the
estimates of the budget, which we are happy to present to
you balanced. Bach facts, and the attitude of Europe,
which has received too changes that have taken place with
satisfaction, girl us a well-founded hope for the security of
the future. For if peace is assured at house, it is equally so
abroad. Foreign powers respect our independence, and we
have every interest to keep up the most friendly relations
with them. So long as the honour of France: shall not be
engeged, the duty of the government will be carefully to
avoid every cause of perturbation in Europe, and to
direct all ow efforts towards internal ameliorations,
which alone eon evacuee the well-being of the in-
dustrious classes, and assure the prosperity of the
country. And now, gentlemen, tit the moment when
aou are patriotically associating *ourselves with my labours,
I wish frankly to express to you what will be my conduct.
People seeing me restore the inetitutions and waseettirs of
the empire have repeatedly said that I desired to restore
the empire itself. If such had been my constant anxiety,
this transformation would long educe have been acconi-
...

pliihcd. Neither the means nor the occasions have been
wanting to me. Thus, in 184$. when sin millions of suf-
frages elected me, in spite of tbo Constituent, 1 was not
ignorant that the simple refusal to acquiesce in the cousti-
tntion would have given me a thitone. Eat an elevation
which must neerssarilly have produced grave disorders did
Rot seduce me. On the 13th of June, 1849, it
would have been equally easy for mu to change
the fenn of goverment. 1 would not do it. Finally,
on the 2nd of December, if personal emeddetati )))) s had
pnwsiled above the grate interests of tlo• country, I should
hove at once asked of the people, who eoulJ nut have re-
fused it to me, a pompous title. I was contented with that
loch I had. When, therefore, 1 leek for xatuples in the
Consulate mid the Empire, it is becauso there more than
any where else, 1 Mel examples stamped with nationality
and grandeur. tieing now, as heretofore, issolved to do
ry thing for Frame, nothing tor utytenf, l would not ix-
c. at any modification of the present state of things unless I
were constrains it to do so by an evident necessity. Frein
whence eon that arise ? Oaly Iran tin, conduct ui parties.
If they resign themselves, nothing shall iliaugt.d. Dot
if by their hidden iutrigucs (soitisles mion'es) they should
seek to sap the foundations of my government ;
it, in thar b:Milliess, they should d.ny the legi-
timacy of the result of the popular election ; if
in short, tiny by their ethnics should unceasingly put the
future prospects of the country in question, thin,, but then
only, it might he ma...mottle to ask ni the people, in the
name of the repose of France, a new title which might ie
veto nobly its upon my bead the power with which Veneto@
I hits invested me. Dot let its not omnpy ours,dires before-
' hand ith dillleaPics which ilouhtl..ss have en probability
alooat them. Let its keep the republic. That threatens no
one, it on ty resssart. everybody. Under her hawser, l de-
sire to matt:prate oucu itgain an era in forgetfulness and
I conciliation. and I call witleout distinction upon all those
alt.. a ili smear with ma for the :tit'.l!e mod
I rrucid net, which hoc hitherto so visibly blessed toy elforte,
! will not permit its wink to remain unfinished. It will ant-
i mate u. all with its ittliir.dions end give us the wisdom eat
I rength necessary to teat... Widow an order of things winch
will secure the happiness of our country and the repose of
Europe.