The Express.
London, England, 1864-10-15 00:00:00

AT MANCHESTER.

THE ADDRESS IN THE TOWN HALL.
MANCHESTER, FamAT Evzsora.

At 11 o'clock this morning the Chancellor of the
lizebiepter attended at the Town-hall to monies an ►ddness
from the Corporation of lizachanfa. The ha was &weir
crowded.

Mr. GlAnerOsti, who was received with the greatest
cordiality, proceeded to allude to his reception of an
address from the citizens of Manchester, eleven years
ago, and to the chequered alienator of the period which
bad since elapsed. With regard to our foreign policy, the
disposition of England to respect the rights of ovary
country, and to avoid undue interference in its concerns,
was indicated by the lamentable war which still desolates
the odotinent of America. Mr. Gladstone continued—
Reiland was • sad sufferer by that war. I don't believe
that history records a eau is which the internal dissensions
of a esentry have produced such widespread calamities is
other 'Wiwis beyond its borders. But we have felt that it
was oar duty to respect American freedom ; to respect
the diseretion of the Americans to deal with their own
affairs, whatever might be our particular opinions
ea to the 'Aaiun of say wens they were
pursuing, or as to the practicability of any object
they had is view. For my own part, I cod em
I always had great doubts as to the practicability of re-
duciog to subjectioa any large portion of a country that
mindsets • determined disposition to separate. (Loud and
' renewed cheery.) But whatever be oar opinion, we have no
no right to plasm it is • form which should make us the
judge of what it is fit for another country to do. (Continued
cheers.) Theirs is the responsibility ; oars has been in part
the suffering. Rut if we groan over the suffering which
has been experienced among our own popola-
Um, let us look at the frightful magnitude of
the calamities the Americans are uudergoing. (Hear.) It
is for them, as they have the responsibility, to judge of
their own comes. I entertain, in the first place, this °m-
ention, that, by any attempt to enforce our own judg-
ment instead of theirs, we should have done nothing but
embitter • contest already too much exasperated ; in
the second place I feel that the sentiment with which
we ought to regard this most unhappy war is this :—We
have so jealousy of American greatness, we have no reason
to fear them or any other nation—(hear, hur)—
we feel they are oar brethren by blood sod
language ; we know their continent is calculated
to outlaw, is relations of the mat beeeLicial intercourse
with us, and we ought to pray Almighty God that it may
please Him in His merry to bring this sanguinary contest,
if it lie His will, at an early period to such • termination as
shall be beet for the happiness, peace, permanent wolf are,
and prosperity of all the inhabitants of what were once the
United States. (Cheers.) With regard to other questions
of foreign policy, I need not say much ; I might express the
warm and onthusiatie feeliog of this country with regard to
what is believed to be the cause of freedom, of justice in
the Italian peninsula. (Cheers.) Lately we have been is.
formed of an event which I deem of the greatest impor-
' 'Ana, with regard to the future happiness of the
Italian people--I mean the Franco-tubas treaty.
I am sot able to pronounce any diplomatic or official judg-
moot on the merits of that convention, but I may venture
to say I regarded it with the eye of satisfaction.
(Bear, bear.) It may not, it is true, promise an immediate
solution of the very serious difficulties with which the des.
times of the Italian people are still beset, bat we know that
the beet and wisest men of Italy believe that by this treaty
a great stop lasi been gained towards the consolidation of
freedom in that country. As to the object in view, I
cannot express to you what I think of its importune. I
do believe that the fusion of the separate and feeble steles
of Italy into a kingdom which shall be united and powerful,
sad is which on all Europese questions must almost of se-
obesity be disinterested, is an event of incalculable
importance to the happiness of mankind. (Hear, heir.) I
ventured • few minutes ago to say that England was sin-
gularly favoured in her insular position, which !soden her
impartial in regard to questions of Europese polities ; but
the Alps very nearly do for Italy what the sea does for
Eoglasd. It is hardly possible that Italy could be • power
under any circumstances animated by the perniciocia and
destructive madness of the principle of territorial saran.
&Gement. In the best sense of the word, on European
questions the kingdom of Italy eves as it is, still mole
when more fatly consolidated sad brought to its natural
limits, must be for every European question a power
conservative of honour and justice—conservative of
the peace and welfare of the world. (Cheers.) We
have no merit in regard to the treaty ; but
it is • subject on which, taking a view of its provisions
which it appears to warrant, we may eschews mutual coo-
gratulatioes ; the moieties of the other problems will follow,
under Providence, in good time. Meanwhile something has
been accomplished, and it is well that the treaty has a ten-
dency to divest the great political question, at issue in
Italy of its more distinctive ecclesiastical character. It is
well that Italians and • large portion of our own fellow.
countrymen should noderstud that, in oar warm sympathy
for Italian unity and freedom, the people of Eau-
land are not governed by what may be called
sectarian motives—the people of England have their
own religions connexions, and are sufficiently decided
in the maiotenance and expression of them ; but they con-
template this Italian question with the true aid single view
that what they look at is entirely • cpiestion of political
rights and justice, and that they reounnesed and support
precisely the same principles in regard to the oosisolidatioe

Cod unity of Italy, ea they would do if the religion of Italy
were in every respect the WOO as their own. (Cheers.)
The right hos. gentleman went on to refer to the cession of
the lonian Wands as • marked homage which we had paid
to principles of justice, and then dwelt upon the advantages
which had followed from the repeal of the paper duty.
While highly extolling the character of the press, he at the
same time intim►ted his belief that on questions of foreign
policy it ran the risk of inflaming prejudices which i► wee
desirable to correct and remove. Passing on to the distress
in the manufacturing districts, Mr. Gladstone instanced
the machinery for the relief of t►e Lancashire distress as
• remarkable proof of the isvigoratiag effect of free
lastitutioss in the formation of individual character. The
work which bad been done war a monument to the great
triumph and everlasting honour of free and voluntary
%gooey. In conclusion, he expressed • hope that this
great conimuoity would coutioue to be on its guard
against political lethargy. " That," said Mr. Glad-
stone, " is not • sound nor a healthy pried-
*. There are times when I apprehend it would
be the duty of any public man in addressing • public
assembly to endeavour to moderate what might seem to him
over-liveliness and (amain monies; eve° in work of re-
formai improvemeot ; bat the time in which we live is not •
time of that character, it is rather • time in which it is be-
coming that we should recall to our recollections that although
so much has bees done, and will be does, to the honour
of all parties concerned in this great country during the last
thirty yearn, yet that it behoves us to continue cautiously,
steadily, and justly, hot firmly, to continue in the
same caner. W. cannot look shined over the face of
our country without feeling that there is much that we
h►ve yet to desire ; we cannot look across the Channel to
Ireland, and especially to the state of feeling io Indeed, and
say that that state of (emboli, taken as • whole, is becoming
for the bosoer acid for the advantage of the United King-
dom ; we cannot look upon our brethren and fellow Meissen
there without heartily wishing that they wen more on-
tinily united with us. We cannot say that their duty to
the people has been discharged. I do not say that perils,
moot is the faithful steward of the power which it bee re-
dived ; it is governed by se enlightened desire to promote '
the interests of the entire community ; but that parliament
has more than once heard au expression of the desire
that some extension should take plan in the direct action
of the people is the choice of its representatives. (Cheese)
There mint, I think, be • doubt that, wherever the Mate
of public feeling shall have matured far the salisfaetery
entertaining of that question, one of ►he greet deesoestes-
tive facts of the motel claim of the people to have some OK.
Omsk, of the franchise will rest upon the caseduct et the
population of Lancashire during the distress of the last few
years. If I refer to my own dp•rtmeet, 1 look
epos that so one in w►iah the butters of
reform ma never be brought to its terminatiort, bemuse
yes ben very well tiek w►sse Awe Is awry these is

temptation. Its the administration of public money the
principle of decay sad corruption is continually at work.
It is • necessity of our nature that there is as incessant
tendency to deterioration in the administration of public
money, unless that tendency be corrected by the vigilant
attention of the government, and still more of the parlia-
ment, sod most of all by the people. (Cheers.) It is to
the action of the people themselves I look for security.
When that action is full and rife, then parliament will dis-
charge its proper duty as a control upon the executive in its
expenditure of the public money ; and depend upon it, when
that position is reversed and that government indeed of
parliament is the restraining power as regards expenditure,
that is • state of things calling for public ►ttention, if indeed
it be the desire of the people that their concerns should be
boneetly and safely administered. Now, Mr. Mayor, I beg
most cordially to thank you for the honour which you have
done me, which I do not interpret as a formal compliment,
and which I take to be much leas a personal one intended
foe myself than as what it ia in%trath, the symbol
sad practical indication of a sentiment happily prevailing
nod well established in the public mind, a sentiment'
of general coofidere in the mind of the com-
munity as towards its legislature sod its government.
I trust you will roe re the day when the present cause
foe anxiety in connection with the condition of your greet
industrial occupations will have pared away. lam not so
sanguine an to hope that suffering is at an sod, lam not
*van so sanguine as to hope that the minor crisis which is
sow upon the tronfeitnrers of Leamehire will be the last.
You hays had the whole of your concerns carried to a state
so reinotelrom their natural and normal state that there is
much to go through in the return to it ; but I think on one
side the feeling, the energy, the real, and the enlightened iris-
: dom, and on the other side, the patience sod the self-cow-
' mend which have been able tabor • greater evil, will be
sole to bear the lees, and that you will before any long
time see your pursuits relieved from the pressure of the
01111111111 of mischief and IOCOCVSIII4IIIOII that am at present
sensibly affecting them : that you will see your great
cotton industry restored to an extension rich as it never
, yet enjoyed—(hear, hear) ;—and that causes which have
I Immediately had for result suffering and calamity will
hereafter be looked back upon as brueste, net only
in their moral, but ere in their political results
on a single, and what in one sense we most deem
• tainted source of soppy, sod by making the
resources of missy countries of the world contribute to the
supply of the industry which the whole world is • debtor ;
for there is so portion of the world which is not • debtor to
the cotton industry of Lancsabire. (Loud cheers.)
& vote of thanks to the Mayor closed the proceediugs.

The Chainsllor of the Exebequer thee visited the Ex-
change, where he was greeted with gammal sod cordial ap-
plause. At the distribution of Oxford middle-class prima, at 2
o'clock, the right hoc. gentleman delivered the prime and
certificates to the successful candidates for the honours of
the Oxford local examination, in the presence of an audience
which filled to overflowing the Free Trade Hall.
After the distribution was couch:sled,
_ . _

The Camccut oit of the EXCHZQ yr a, who was received with
enthusiasm, after expressing • hope that those who had re-
ceived rewards would bear away the conviction that they
had been giving • pledge of future exertions, spoke of the
discouragement, of youthful minds in the path of
learning. The average rate of soccer foe Manchester,
in the local examinations, was very satisfactory.
all/241,440n, though peculiarly • characteristic of the
ego in which we live, never was and never can
be a perfect iestrament. Mr. Gladstone proceeded--
, It mast always or generally be inferior to the results of that
single-minded self-devotion which, is amain periods of the
world, has irresistibly impelled excellent ad distinguished
minds towards the acquisition of learning by • stimulus
sousing from within. (Hear, bear.) But there is Do greater
mistake than to misconstrue or overlook the essential
coodition of the age in which we live, the times
of that profound devotion to learning which cow has be
come more rare ; those time. were times when industry bed
not reached its present development, and when right put-
suite of the mind had not to sustain that formidable corn
' petition to which they are now on all hands exposed. Let
us, therefore, ladies and gentlemen, be thankful instead of
grudging the result ; let us be thankful that by the modern
system of putting into healthy pley, the principle of emu-
lotion and of offering to the young the inducement, of early
honours and reward without any 'Urania, applied to any
vicious principle or tendency within them, we are miabied
in some depot to keep pane with the rapid
development of external and material pursuits,
and to vindicate for the higher acquisition
and the higher labia of the mind, in some degree at lama,
that prominence which belongs to them, depend upon it
this is a powerf al instrument for evoking mental *milkmen ;
it may be oleos more or less to the action of stratagem and
trick, but that is not it, predominant character. It. pre-
dominant character is this, that it holds up before the eyes
of the young ao object visible, palpable, not to be mistakes,
and that it direct, and encourages the young to oonoentiate
the whole of their effort, upon • single point. I declare,
if I might venture to quote experience, I am convinced,
I profoundly convinced, from the experience of after
la' that
lif there
instructing, training, and adapting the mind to those greater
11 efforts which in particular crime of difficulty the full
grown man may be called upon to make when he has to
combine many maim for the attainment of a single end. I
say with confidence that that teak will be to him easier and
more profitable in consequence of his having gone
through when he wee young • discipline of ex-
amination—a discipline that is to say of marching
trial in a variety of breeches, with lam pie
mention beforehand, with deliberate salaptatice of his
means to his need, and with a firm resulotion to employ
every power and faculty of his mind in reaching the object
before him. Now, ladies and gentlemen, saying so much
on examination permit me to say I do not appear be-
fore you today within this hall for the purpose
of distributing them prises, solely for the purpose eve's, I
might say, mainly sea native of Lancashire, or se • minister
beerier office under the crown. For many long yearn it has
been my undeserved but happy lot to represent in parbarnsot
one of the ancient universities of the country. Often
and long have I deplored, and sensibly have I felt the
difficulty of keeping together in harmony and efficiency
the older and the newer pursuits of our Christian civilim-
lion. If we go back for some two or three generations in
this country, of what we were ourselves at the time of early
inveetioos end manufactures, what do we see? We me
through the rural districts an old world existing
almost unchanged io each university, everything
that belonged to the future of society remaining almost
exactly as it had been, and then paring into Lancashire, or
into Staffordshire, or the West Hiding of Yorkshire, we me
a sew world growing up, with rapidly rising towns, multi.
plying population and distributing wealth, and gradually
ealliot into existence both powerful claims and powerful
faculties of mind adapted and dedicated to the circumstances
of the present day ; but between these two we see little
sympathy or conoexion. Now. ladies sad gentlemeo, my
belief in that it is the happy distinction of this country that
what is new in it does not require to forswear
brotherhood with what is old--(cheers)—and I don't
believe that any higher duty, or any duty more
fruitful of reward, can attach to anyone of us
in our several stations than the effort according to our
respective means to harmonise these two great powers
together. Much has been done in our towns for the purpose
The abolition of invidious distinctions and unjust prefer-
mos has opened the way between heart and heart which
was obstructed and barred up before ; but as regards the
special relations of these institutions and the great 00011110 r.
cal sad manufacturing district, of the country no doubt
there was much serious difficulty in bringing them toge-
ther. Gommerce and manufactures require that the period of
edocetioa, or what we call educates in the more specific
Dense, should be brought to its term at a time of
life earlier than that which • full literary education
has commonly been judged to require, and there is no doubt
that there was almost a want of cosmetics between this
great district tad the ancient universities of the eouetry.
But • great step ham bees made in filling up that gap. I
don't think that any more important or any wiser mwore
boa ever been adopted by those ancient institutions than
was adopted first ad foremost, I Jim glad to say, by the
saiversity with which I have the homer to he coneected,
when under the &espies% of some of the distinguished and
atoollat mot warabond among its sow, it was led to

make the first effort at the foundation of this system.
(Cheers.) I trust, ladies and gentlemen, that that
effort oa the pert of the universities will not be
their last efforts. I am well assured that not-
withstanding the real difficulties to which I adverted
there is much that might be done, and that I believe will
yet be done, to plain the powerful commercial dun of the
populous commercial &Arleta of our country juicier re-
lations with those most venerable and most valuable seats
of learning. (Cheers.) But they deserve boeour for that
greet effort—it was a great innovation on their practices ;
but they had the good sense to perceive that though liable
to the charge of innovation, it bore the tree character of im-
provement—(hear) ; they ware therefore not deterred by any.
apprehension of any invidious criticisms to which they
might be subjected. Having claimed at your hands the
honour which is their due, let me, in return, say that it did
the highest honour, in my humble judgment, to the mann.
featuring and commercial districts cf Lancashire—those
very districts in which novelty and progress were most par-
tied:rely represented—that they distinguished themselves
beyond almost any other portion of the country in their
readiness, in their eagerness to close with the offer of the
old universities to make these local ex►min►tioce an jai.
portant and prominent part of your eduoitional and your
social system. (Cheers.) I saticipate with the utmost
confidence the continued and increasing success of this gnat
effort. I mud add, there is not a wish that lies nearer to
my heart than to see the healthful interchange, the free
interchange which belongs to the operations of commerce
applied also in all its breadth to the operations
of the mind and of the heart. There are
none of us who have sot much to learn from
those who are placed in other positions ; there are
none of the separate classes connected with our institu-
tions, and connected with the power and wealth of the
country, that has not much to learn from one another; by
so lesrniog they will lc* nothing of what they have, they
will gain much of wh►t they have not ; and surely I need
sot tell' you, for you feel it more vividly than 1 do,
that the commercial, the material prosperity of
this age requires more then ever—more than at
any period of human existence—the balance end
compensation which is afforded by the highest civilising
pursuits. (Cheers.) It is more than ever necessary that the
powers of the Christian revelation, of the Christian faith,
should be exercised and felt over the whole surface of
society, and down to its profoundest depths. (Cheers.) But
that Christian revelation has out been only a revelation of
spiritual truth. It was • revelation in which spiritual
truth was designed to carry with it, and to draw after it,
the perfect development of ever► human excellenoe—(cheers)
—the soaring faculties of the imagination, the searching
powers of the mind, that which has made philosophers
artists and poets who are the glory of ounkind, these
things were not proscribed by Christianity ; they were ele-
vated into a higher sphere ; and when I spiel of civilising
agencies I draw no distinction for the present argument
between the beneficent purposes of the gospel and those
other eitedlences which the gospel, iedepeodeetly of I
religious aims, has been the most powerful and fruitful siert
in promoting. (Misers.) I only beseech you to believe the
the work which has messibied us to-day is • noble and
fruitful work. I beseech you to persevere in that course
of encouragement which you long ago, and first of any
others, entered upon, and to labour for this great end,
that, as Manchester is the metropolis of manufacture,
and has shown herself to abound in every human energy,
and the material of all hussar excellence, so she may more
largely sad effectually combine with her power to increase
the strength and wealth of her eountry, the di.position, end
capacity to rear sons who shall obtain for her every other
distinction, and make her name in every other sphere fa-
mous in the history of her country, and endowed with •
thousand titles to the grateful recollection of its
citizens. (Chum)
After • few words from Mr. Batley, M.P., • vote of
thanks was peened to the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The
Chancellor on rising again to respond, was again received
with loud cheers. He said—lt would ill bosoms
me to detain you at any length to express my most oar.
dial acknowledgments for the vote of thanks which you
have been pleased to pass. Is the remarks I recently de-
livered to you I had at 1~4 the excuse that I was dealing
with an important subject ; sow I have no other daty thee
to assure yea of the sincerity of the gratitude I feel, with
one exception, and it is thia. I did not especially refer is
the observations I have made to the nature of the great
functions discharged by the teachers of those young persons
who have appeared. before us. We cannot well over-rate
the difficulty of the function discharged by the
teacher, neither can we overate its dignity. An un-
worthy teacher, indeed, has no claim to our respect.
The man who pursues his vocation es a teacher in no
other spirit than that of pecuniary acquisition ►as no claim,
at any rate he has but • secoodary claim, to the *bap
that some among his brethren may expect us to entertain.
Bat I sin bound to express this couvictloo, that merely
selfish desires and objects never will make of themeolves •
good teacher. (Hear.) la order to set about that labour
with the energy it requires there mast also be
higher aims, and I do not know any class of
persons among whom one finds more of enlightened
devotion to the best interests of their pup* sad
their kind than • large proportion of those teachers
by whom the schools of this country are governed
and directed. (Hear.) To them, as one deeply interested ia
the welfare of the wimmonity, I beg to tender the exprenea
of the claim they have upon oar respect and •ltaekmeat.
You, ladies and gentlemen, I will only ask ones ~we to ro.
alive with the same cordiality with which it is uttered on my
part, the asurance of my respect sad my gratitude for your
kindness (Loud cheers.

THE REPRESENTATION or HERRPORD.—IS has been
already announced that it was the intention of Lord WE.
loam Gmhen, io case of a genial election, to retire from
the nonviolence of the county of Hereford. The omen.
am, of thin view wee yesterday confirmed by the issuing of
the following address, dated from Stoke Edith Park, the
seal of the Lady Emily Foley, where hie lordship is anti
lying in • delicate thin of health :—" Gentleinem—With
feelings of deep regret I beg to *nominee to you that it is
not my intention again to solicit your mangos whenever
the impending dissolution of parliament may take plate.
The state of my present health during the presort year
has rendered it impossible for me to fulfil the
important duties confided to my charge I. as
active and mtisfactory a manner as I could desire.
Under these circumstances, feeling that whenever a din-
letioo should take place I should be unable to undertake
the necessary labours of a nevus of the county. I have
come to • conclusion that • resignation of the trust yen
have twice so kindly conferred upon me is the most fitting
coarse I can pursue, both as regards the interest of the
county of Hereford sod my own restoration tonalth. hotline
taking my leave, allow me to express to you my deep
cheeks for the kindness and consideration which hive
always been exhibited towards me by all clans of the elec-
tors to my imperfect attempts to discharge in an adequate
nuttier the various duties of your representative, sod the
recumbence of which will always be a pleasing consolation
to me on my retinmest hats private life."
WoRKING DIEN'S CLUB AND INICITTUTR UNION.—
During the past few days public meetings have been held in
various parts of the country to receive visits from the Rev.
H. Solly. In the course of the present week Mr. Solly has
addressed meetings at Nottingham, Scarborough, and Ket-
tering, and in each town has been received with • cordiality
which shows • deep and reautee appreciation of the objects
of the union. The meeting at Scarborough, presided over
by Harcourt Johnstone,Eip., was held for the purpose at
resuscitating the club in that town, and Mr. folly • visit wee
to point out the errors that had ben committed in incense
of the former club, and the UMW by which those snore
might be avoided for the future. Mr. Sully her also very
recently addressed meetings at Halesowes, cmethwick, Bit-
minsham, end Rugby.
UNIVERSITY LLEG; LONDON. ENTILANCII
EIRIBITIoNS.—The result of the examicatious for theft
exhibition has been published aa follows:—For the rt.
trance exhibitions of 301., 201., and 101. respectively, each
tenable for two years, for gentlemen attending their first
mater's session at a medirial school, the first place was
aniseed to Mr. Tempest Anderson, the second to Mr.
Temple Augustus Orms and the third to Mr. Henry Can.
Others, especially Mr. Adam T. Hailstone, the fourth in
merit, were reported as having acquitted themselves with
much credit. For the Anion &thane Exhibitions cd
the Faculty of Arts, the three exhibitions of 306 per
annum, each tenable for two years, were adjudged ea fol-
lows :—Fore proficiency is daisies and mathematics com-
bined, to Mr. Freak Watson, from Godolphin School,
Hammersmith (the Rev. H. Twells, M.A.) ; Mr. Watson
wee oleo prooonaced to be decidedly first is classis ; for
proficiency in dance skew, Mr. James Bradbury, from the
Mohan Path School (Mr. Goan Lo 's) ; for proficiency
in mathematics sloe* to Mr. Thomas Adams, from the
Wesleyan Osileilate Isafitatisa. Tesatos.