The Express.
London, England, 1862-06-30 00:00:00

%-
Tag EXPRESS, MONDAY EVEN"

is a ceaseless prayer for their speq‘'
Their case is one which the most wale* amongst
us will soon be forced to take into anxious consi-
deration. "It is believed," we read with pain
in the reports from Manchester, " that, great as
" the distress among the operatives has been, the
" severity of the crisis is only beginning to be
" felt." The ground assigned for this conclusion
has unfortunately only too much reason on its
face—namely, that many manufacturers who
have hitherto kept their mills open will
not face the risk involved in the extraordinary
prices to which the raw material is being forced
up. It is • peculiarity of the time that while
nothing but discouragement has surrounded the
legitimate trader, the speculative spinner or manu-
facturer—he who had (sufficient recklessness to
make goods on speculation and hold them for the
anticipated cotton famine—may now realise a for-
tune. This is one of those times when regular
industry is deranged and replaced by rank specula-
tion, and when the most successful man is
as likely as otherwise to be the un-
scrupulous adventurer who goes for a fortune
or for ruin to those with whom he has
dealings. But notwithstanding the extent
of the rise which has taken place in the prices
of cotton goods, it has been largely outstripped by
the rise in the raw material, and the consequence
is that many manufacturers, discouraged by the
apparent impossibility of getting prices adequate
to the vastly enhanced cost of cotton, are now
considering whether they had not better give up
the struggle. It is extremely probable that the
advance of about 20 per cent. which, as show a
above, has occurred during the past week in the
price of cotton, will prove a signal for the dosing
of a large number of establishments in the manu-
facturing districts, and the public will therefore du
well to prepare themselves for still more painful
accounts from that quarter.
The great body of consumers of cotton goods
have hitherto felt the effect of the dearth of the
material much less than might have been expected,
the disturbance having been singularly slow in its
progress down from the fountain head of supply
to the retail consumer. But this exemption does

not seem likely to continue much longer, and per
it is quite as well that it should not do so,
for there are some minds too careless and apa-
thetic to notice the most remarkable phenomena
of commerce, yet which can be effectually roused
into a selfish attention by a sudden rise in the price
of articles of common use or wear. It has frequently
been observed during the Mille of the present dis-
turbance in the cotton business that the home
trade—by which term may be understood the
houses that act as purveyors of cotton goods to
the retail dealers and to the British public—have
slackened their purchases with each rise in prices
at Manchester. But now that prices have reached
a point never known before, the Manchester ad-
vice/ report that " the home trade are buyers, at
" the advance, of nearly all classes of yarns which
" enter into the consumption of the country."
Some rather important inferences are suggested
by this state of things, for the internal trade
of the country in cotton goods is estimated
by a competent authority—Mr. BAZLEY, M.P.—
at 30,000,0001. sterling annually, and it is pro-
bable that the retail prices represent a consider-
able advance upon even that great sum. It would
be interesting to know whether the reluctance
of the home trade to respond to the rapid ad-
vance in the prices at Liverpool and Manchester has
not caused a very material reduction in the stocks
of goods throughout the country. If this be so,
the consumer will be required all the more sud-
denly to pay advanced prices. Certain it is that,
in face of the rise of nearly one hundred per
cent. which has been attained during the
last twelve months in the cost of
cotton, we consumers have not been required

to put our hands into our pockets to anything like
a proportionate extent, after making full allowance
for those elements of coat in the production of
goods—such as the price of labour, of capital, &c.
—which have not varied in an equal degree with
the mere material. Any intelligent person who
will take the trouble to push inquiries either at a
wholesale or retail establishment, will easily discover
that the effects of the cotton famine, hitherto
mainly confined to the operatives and their em-
ployers, are at last beginning to overtake the con-
sumer. The arrival of affairs at this point w"1
probably open up many new and interesting
questions, and stimulate ingenuity in the discovery
or development of substitutes for cotton and for
cotton fabrics.

PRoasac TRAVSLIAERS.—Let people travel not
for show and reputation, but for enjoyment. Let them
cease to identify travel with the French travail. The eye
knows the food that agrees with it as well as the palate,
and forcing on it what it does not seek produces 'esthetic
indigestion. If a man has no eye for art, let him confess it
to himself at least, if he do not spread it abroad to the
world, and let him select the pursuit that will give him
most enjoyment, instead of wearing out his eyesight, his
patience, and his legs, by rushing through long stretches of
picture and statue galleries. If be can only enjoy a good
field of beans, and a meadow with a prize-ox in it, why
should be render himself miserable =mug cataracts and
precipice A man of no small celebrity, whose chosen
field of inquiry and enjoyment was among animals, when
he arrived at Rome, went forthwith to the pig-market,
and was not ouly able to see something new and interest.
ing to himself, but also to impart some fresh unhackneyed
&ketches to the world. I know a man much interested in
manufactures, an able and benevolent man, who has done •
deal towards the civilisation and education of the manila°.
wring population. He travelled in Switzerland once, are-
fully avoiding all the grand scenery, but examining with
minute interest the turkey-red calico works, and the
manufactory schools. You might have supposed from his
talk when he returned, that Switzerland was a flat nein. 11
teresting country, conspicuous chiefly from its manufsc-
tures and its educational establishments. —Blackrooorts
amine for July.
SUNDAYS IN ma FIELD& -" I don't doubt it,
Butter, and I don't presume to condemn any man who, hay-
ing made earnest search after truth, amves at different
conclusions to my own. But speaking of church-going and
church-goers (the point we started from), you will allow
that there is a good deal of humbug amongst those advanced
philosophers of the present day, who, whilst they sneer at
the hollowness and formality of church services, the insin-
cerity of preachers, and the worldliness of congregations,
prate about ' natural piety' and ' worshipping God in the
fields' under the canopy of heaven. Such people talk edify-
ingly enough about the sins of church-goers—their inconsis-
tencies, their criticisms of bonnets and fashions, their
worldly gossip as soon Is they leave the house of God ; but
it often strikes me that there is as much humbug in the nu-
timental sort of religion these teachers profess, as in that of
the most inconsistent stickler for orthodoxy. People don't
go into the fields to worship God. They go for air, for ex-
ercise, for a pleasant Sunday walk—to gather primroses
when there are any—to wipe the dust of cities off their feet,
and Watt those pure natural pleasures which are instincts
with man. John Bunyan perhaps, or the meditative Cow-
per , might pray out in the fields ; saints and martyrs may
, have done rt stores of times, but our oieetesintheientury
figiorkf:h.rhd.r.'ldzitt; workingti"wo would
ma be
e(lnaatheir IZ=
disciple) saying hi& prayers anywhere about Hampstead or
Blackheath. No, it requires more spirituality of mind than
we moat of us parer, to worship God amidst such sur-
roundings. We ought to, and I dare say often do for • me-
meet, feel our thoughts elevated to the Great Giver of ell
things at the eight of sunshine and pees leaves and way-
' side flowers ; but we can scarcely dignify such transient
emotions—mere impulses wrought by the influences of the
1 hour—with the title of worship.*—Prasees Magarise for
July.
Errons or BRRADITUFTS mow
Although the exportation of breadituffs to Great Britain
has not been carried oat so extensively as was at first anti-
tipated, it I gratifying that enough will be accomplished
this mason to test the home market, In regard to pries,
and the keeping qualities of our wheat and flow dunes se
long a voyage. The ship Lillie; which pissed the Heeds
yesterday, bound for Liverpool, has hoe laden with 21,603
Imp of wheat, 2,060 begs dour (
man ge portion of which wee
from Geeloogl, 520 Mids. Vic 617 bap ms,
241 bake wool, 96 casks tallow, n o casks ,
bourse paper.

P •
gbe Conti. . ;
06B011" J 18.
The Prince a Wales, attended by Lieslemant-
General the Hon. C. Grey and Captain Grey, Mused to
Osborne from London last night at half-past seem o'clock.

8011 DAY, JUNI 29.

Prince Alfred, attended by Major Cowell, arrived at
Osborne yesterday from her Majesty's ship St. George, at
Spithead.
Prince Charles, Princess Charles, Prime Lou* Prince
Henry, Prince William, and Princess Anna of Here arrived
at Osborne yesterday from London.
The Prince of Wales and Prince Alfred, attended by Cap•
Min Grey and Major Cowell, went over to Southampton in
the Fairy to meet the princee and prinoeeeea,and conducted
them to Osborne.

The suite in attendance consists of Baroness von
Schaeffer, Baroness von Roeder, Baron von Ricca, Baron
von Grolman, Captain von Western°ller, and Captain von
Zangen.

taw . THE ItTOZEGT OF EGYPT.
Her Majesty, it is .id, has signified her luter
to confer the Mabry Grand Cross of her Order rat the
on his Highness the Viceroy of Egypt, u an acknow-
ledgment of the important services rendered by him to this
seutry.
His highness left the Fin, the residence of Mr. Lashing,
on Saturday morning, and, attended by the Has. Marks
A. Murray, honoured the Duke and Duchess of Hamilton
with his company at breakfast, at their residence,
Hamilton House, Arlington-street. He paid • visit
in the afternoon to the show of the Royal
Agricultural Society, in Battersea-park, and in the evening
honoured their Excellencies the Turkish Ambassador
and Madame Manna with his company at dinner, at
their residence, in Bryairston-square. The guests also com-
prised his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, his High.
near Mustapha Pacha, his Excellency Maxim Bey, the
Duchess of Wellington, Earl Granville, M. Van de Weyer
(the Belgian Minister), Baron Bentinck (the Netherlands
Minister), the Countess Penigny, the Marchioness of lay,
Maria Marchioness of Ailesbury, the Marquis of Ailsabury,
Viscount Sydney, Viscount Palmerston, the Right Hos. W.
E. and Mrs. Gladstone, the Hon. Charles Augustus Mur-
ray, and Colonel Tyrwhitt (in waiting on the Duke of
Cambridge).
The Viceroy left the residence of the Turkish Embassy
yesterday afternoon for Woolwich, and went on board his
steam-yacht.
The Liverpool Albio• of to-day states that the Viceroy
ia expected there on Sunday next. On the following day
he will be taken on • tour of inspection through the town,
and probably enjoy • sail on the river. In the evening of
the same day the Mayes gives a banquet at the (Town Hall,
in compliment to his highness, who will be present, with a
number of distinguished guests.

WEIDA!' .
N. W. to W. 9. W.. fresh SOOTIAND.
to strong, shoe em
W. to N., strong in InELUm.
north, mndorate else-
where.
N.W. to &W., fresh, W. CIITILAL.
fine. _ _

N.N.W. Ln W.8.W., B.W.Eint,AND.
fresh. one.
N. to W., fresh, fine. B.E. ENGLAND.

N.N.W. to W.S.W., lr. Cow
moderate, fine.

drag to moderate.
W.W. to 8.W., mode-
rate to fresh, some
oda.
W. to S., moderate
floe.

arir. to R.E., mo-
derato, showery.
I.N.W. to 8.8. W.,
he* Sae.
V. to& sod 8.5, mo-
derate, 'bowery.

FORTIFICATIONS.-Two parliamentary returns
were issued this morning, showing the amount in detail of
the sums of money already spent upon, and required to corn.
plate, the fortifications in 55 places, of which the contra
are Portamouth, Plymouth, Pembroke, Portland, Gravesend,
the Medway and Sheerness, Chatham, Dover, and Cork. The
estimated ant of these works is 5,680,0001. The estimated
expenditure on the works up to the 31st of next month is
900,0001. ; the amount proposed for 1862-3 is 1,200,0301. ;
and the further amount required to complete the works is
A 580,0001. The total sum paid for lands is 1,030,0001.
'the balance available to meet payments on account of works
in August next is 70,0004
Tun brooms TAX alnico 1798. -This morning a
return was issued to parliament of every Income Tax Act
from the year 1798 to the present time, distinguishing
respectively the various rates, exemptions, annual produce,
and dates of each. The abatements and exemptions in
some of the years are curious. In 1798 ten per
cent. was abated from the duties to moons hay-
ing more than four and less than eight children
born in wedlock, and under 21 years of age ; 35 per cent.
was allowed to persons having eight children ; and 20 per
cent. to those having 10 or more. The amount of duty
assessed in the various years was as follows : - 1798
1,855,996/. ; 1799, 6,048,6211. ; 1800, 6,244,438/. ; 1801:
5,628,903/. In 1802 the duties were repelled. In
1803 the duty assessed was 5,341,9071. ; 1804,
4,111,924/. ; 1805. 6,429,5991.; 1806, 12,822,0561. ; 1907,
11,906,8581. ; 1808, 13,482,2941. ; 1809, 13,631,9221. ; 1810,
14,453,3204 ; 1811, 14,462,7761. ; 1812, 15,488,546/. ; 1813,
15,793,691/. ; 1814, 14,188,0371. ; 1815, 15,642,3381. Then
occurs a lapse until 1842, when the duty produced
5,606,5481. ; 1843, 5,5041571. ; 1844, 5,476.4971. ; 1845,
5,711,2241. ; 1816, 5,791,0671. ; 1847, 5,834,795!. ; 1848,
5,793,5431. ; 1.849, 5,729,5771. ; 1850, 5,754,4471. ; 1851,
5.845,7194 ; 1852, 5,889,8261. ; 1853, 7,133,0391. ; 1854,
14,358,0901. ; 1855, 16,545,5084 ; 1&56,16,915,3321. ; 1857,
7,905,525/. ; 1858, 5,758,9051. ; 18119, 10424,8871. ; 1860,
11,594,0021. This is the last total in the return. The
amount received in 1861 "cannot be furnished at present."
Ma. Nona's, M.P.-We are glad to state that
the breathe( Mr. Ingham, ILP., has greatly improved, sad
that the hon. gentleman is gradually recovering from the
effects of his recent somewhat severe illnees.-Berwick
Warder.
THE WEATHER AND HATMAKING.-During the
pant week the weather has beep most propitious for hay-
makieg. lc this neighbourhood a large number of rieb
have been made in prime condition. Some were carted in the
preceding week too soon, sod are now smoking away from
Wog' over-heated. We expect to hear of some of them
igniting, to the loss of the farmer.-Salisbury Journal.