The Express.
London, England, 1855-02-07 00:00:00

AFFAIRS OF THE UNITED STATES.

OP TER DLUY

NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY MONNINGt UN. 24.
Few great enterprises have been undertaken in
our times of which so little has been ea:d as that of
the Submarine Atlantic Telegraph. An‘l yet this
enterprise is now fully wider way, and :he last
doubt is removed about its final completion. oix
hundred men have been employed for a year in its
@traction from New York City to St. John's, New -
foundland, to which point-4,200 miles—it is nearly
completed. In a short time we shall receive Euro-
pean news from St. John's in fin or six days from
the Old World, regularly ; and, before two years have
gone by, we shall have intelligence flashed regu-
lar every hour from London to New York.
General Pierce's administration is falling to pieces.
The poor President has been successful in only a
few of his measures, and they have all of them proved
fatal to him. Re broke down the Missouri Compro-
mise, and opened a vast territory away to the west,
in the heart of our empire, to the black dominion of
negro slavery; but the nation has put its stamp of
disapprobation upon the act, and the perfidious trick
he played has returned to plague the inventor. When
his friends now go to the ballot box, no matter
what the election may be, this president, who
everywhere carried the popular majorities with
him on his election, is left in the lurch.

We are waiting 'with some curiosity to see what
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will be the result of the opinion which England
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friends of England in the United States feel some-
what embarrassed when they are called upon to
defend the British' administration for the English
part of this campaign.
The Eutern question is dragging itself along so
resultlessly, that it has ceased to influence very mate-
rially our financial affairs. The stringency in the
mosey market is givingy—everything like com-
mama panic has passed—the backbone of the
winter is broken, and already the sidewalks
of our business streets are being cluttered
by boxes and bales that are being despatched
for the early southern and south-western trade. The
banks et New York, by their exports of Saturday,
showed a larger specie basis than they have ever I
had ; and their discounts are far below the showing I
of twelve months ago, while their deposits are heavier.
Confidence is taking the plea° of apprehension ; the
sky has cleared up, mid it is agreed on all hands that
ibright prospects are stretching out before us. Money
Ito any extent can be bad in Wall-street this morning,
on call, at 6 per cent.
New York is the most expensive and difficult city
in the world to govern or to keep clean. There is
more business done in this city within a given s
than is done in any other place in the world. P=
delphia is a broad, splendid, neat, quiet town ; and
well it may be, for there is nothing doing there—
there never has been—there never will be. The
mweicipal administration of New York must of
weessaity labour under the severest embarrassment,
because of the arrival of from one to five thousand
foreigners every day. It requires upwards of one
(thousand people to look after them. Comparatively
but a few can speak our language ; and still fewer
have any idea what is to become of them when
they land. In one respect the govern-nents of
the Old World have perpetrated upon this young
republic a foul wrong. States, municipalities,
police authorities, and cabinet ministers, have made
New York City the Botany Bay of Europe. These
things have gone on as long u they can. They are
to be stopped. The Know-Nothings, like the school-
master, are abroad, and these matters are subjected
to keener vigilance than they have hitherto been. A
few days ego, a ship load of Belgian convicts was
arrested and thrown into prison, and heavy penal-
ties exacted. We now hear that the Sardinian
government has despatched a war vessel to
New York, freighted with a load of crimi-
nals and convicts ; and yesterday measures
were taken by our new mayor, by which
the vessel will be prohibited from landing,
or the representative of the Sardinian government
will be held responsible for the consequences. It Is
a Herculean task we are called upon to perform—to
receive tens of thousands of the very offsoouring of
Europe every year to our bosoms, and build prisons
and alms-houses for our security and their main-
tenance.
It is generally believed that the preterit cabinet
will be soon broken up, and that most of our repro
ssntatives abroad will be recalled. It was not sup-
=that the Know-Nothings would be able to put
any influence upon the national administration
until they could elect their own President. But the
probability now seems to be that the tide of public
opinion, which is flowing so strong, will sweep away
every obstacle, and we may perhaps prove that we
an democratic after all, by compelling the imbecile
and self-willed demagogue to pay some regard to
the opinions, the judgment, and the feeling of the
nation.
The following resolution, in reference to foreign
criminals and paupers, was introduced into the senate
of New York yesterday. After discussion it was
unanimously adopted:
Resolved, That the Cosamiellenen of Emigration be is.
quested to communicate to the Senate u early as peastieep
ble any facts in their possession as to the Dauber lei
chirecter of foreign criminals and paupers arriving, frees I
time to time, at the pert of New York ; also what rules
and regulations, if any, are adopted by the board as to this
class of immigrants ; and all information as to the countries
from which they are sent, the agency of foreign govern-
ments is their transportation, and to the practical cos-
*traction given to*, Bute statutes in making provision for
their support and disposal.
Our coast has been swept by another gale of great
severity, and we ars every hour hearing of marine
disasters.
The railroad riots in Canada threaten to be more
serious than was at first apprehended. The following
despatch reached New York last night :
Buffalo, Jan. 23-10 p.m.
The labourers on the Buffalo, Brantford, and Gooderich
Railroad still have possession of the track at Cayuga, C.W.,
about SO niks east of Brantford, where fully armed, they
have 'mumbled to the number of 160. when,
moraleg
the diresseis, with 60 men, took the train at Brantford to
eons throng to Port Brie. On arriving at the spot they
band tie labourers too strong for diem, and, so far from
bobs Was Mesas the track, the directors and their Isar
re
bdreavaters odra. , we obliged to beg permission t•
i
TOM to The sheriffs of the counties 1111 Nla
gars, Radians& and Brant have been called spas, sag
will take 60 British &Didion from Maim village team-
row, and proceed to the nose of riot, When the road, it is
expected, will be opened, and when dose the labourers will
be paid off, for which money is now ready, and discharg_ed.
After this is done no further trouble is apprehended. The
examination of the man who killed Weimper, with 13
other Frierson, was finished to-day at Fort Brie, he being'
held for wilful murder, and the others as accessories. They I
will be immediately removed to the jail at Niagara village.
Weinpars funeral took place to-day in this city, from the
boos of his mother, and was attended by a large concourse
ofdessos.
Lest week there wu every prospect that the
Pacific Railroad Bill would pass through the present
Congress : but it is now supposed to be lost. It is
lasoght that the French Spoliation Bill will be
sweated into a law ; but it is said that it will be
vetoed by the President. Our government has been
paid some forty or fifty million of francs for French
spoliation upon our commerce ; and it is bat just
that all proper indemnity should be made to indi-
viduals who suffered. The present administration,
however, are opposed to this ese,
aid they do not
hesitate to say that they want the money for other
purposes.