The Press.
London, England, 1854-10-21 00:00:00

THE PRESS.

Lannes, the Count of Montebello, Colonel de Beville,
and Captain Merle, aides de-camp and orderly officers
of the Emperor, came after. The carriage of the
Turkish Ambassador closed the file.
When the body reached the gate of the Invalides,
that portion of the army of Paris that had not as yet
paid military honours to the remains defiled before
it with their arms reversed, and under a salute of

thirteen guns from a battery near the Quai d'Orsay.
The body was received by General Count Ornano,
Governor of the Invalides, and his staff. Eight sub..
officers, wearing the decoration of the Legion of
Honour, and selected from various regiments of
the garrison of Paris, carried the coffin to the church
through a double line of Invalides—mutilated old
soldiers, the relics of the wars which France waged
from the First Revolution to the latest period. The
Archbishop of Paris, attended by a large body of the
clergy, received the coffin, which was placed on a
rich and lofty catafalque raised in the middle of the
nave, covered with a black pall, lined with ermine,
and adorned with stars. The entire church was draped

in black to the ground, divided into compartments
by long bands of silver. To the right and left, and
immediately under the line of flags taken from the
enemy in various wars, were emblazoned the names
of the principal battles in which the deceased mar-
shal took a part. The church was filled with the
various official bodies, and the galleries and aisles
were crowded with spectators. The governor of the
hotel, his staff, the generals and orderly officers of
the Emperor and of Prince Jerome Napoleon, occu-
pied the left of the choir, and lower down the supe-
rior officers of the army and navy, and the members
of the Council of State. On the right and opposite
the governor the clergy were seated, and lower down
on the same side the places were occupied by the
Ministers, the members of the diplomatic corps, the
deputies, and judges ; and in the centre, round the
catafalque, were Marshal Magnan, Admiral Mackau,
Generals Lcewestein, De la Rue, Levasseur, and Bour-
gon, and the English Ambassador. Close by was a
space closed off for the deputation of officers repre-
senting the English army, one of whom was of the
rank of general, and several wore the uniform of the
Guards. On both sides near the entrance of the
church those who had been specially invited to the
ceremony had places allotted to them. In the centre
of the church, from the entrance to near the altar,
were stationed two lines of Invalides armed with
lances. In the galleries above might be seen the
members of the marshal's family and the Sisters of
Charity attached to the Invalides, and one of the side
galleri3s was occupied by the band of the Guides.
A considerable number of ladies, wearing deep
mourning, were also present. The moment when
the body entered the chapel where this assemblage
had collected was one of the most impressive kind.
The chanting of the priests and the solemn and pro
longed pealing of the organ, with the touching ser-
vice for the dead as prescribed by the ritual of the
Roman Catholic Church, and which .on this occasion
was performed by the Archbishop of Paris, produced
an effect which endures long after the conclusion of
the service. The absolution was pronounced in
solemn silence, but in a moment after the last bens.
diction was uttered the peal of artillery from without
announced that the religious ceremony was nearly
over. The ceremony of sprinkling the coffin with
holy water by all those who were present was per-
formed in the usual manner. And now, when the
last prayer was uttered, the last hymn chanted, and
the last blessing given, the coffin was lowered into the
vault behind the chapel by the same sub-officers who
had deposited it on the catafalque. The thunder of
artillery announced that Marshal St. Arnaud was laid
in his last resting-place, and the numerous troops
drawn up outside the walls and that lined the alleys
surrounding the Invalides presented arms, and
lowered their flags as a last salute to their chief.
' Soon after the troops began to leave the ground, and
about half-past two the various corps were on their
way to their respective barracks. The spectacle, on
the whole, was as imposing as can well be imagined.
The crowd was immense, both in the environs of the
Invalides and on the whole line of the procession.
All that military pomp could present to the inhabi-
tants of the capital of France as a last tribute of
honour to the chief whose energy enabled him to
subdue to the last moment of existence the pangs of
a cruel and incurable malady, or rather a complica-
tion of maladies, was that day done. Less honour
could scarcely be paid to one who so largely partici-
pated in the first great victory gained by the allies
over Russia.
The deputation of officers sent by the English
Government to represent our army at the funeral
consisted of Lieutenant-General Sir Harry Smith,
with his sides-de-camp, Colonel Taylor and Colonel
Holditch, deputed to represent the Queen, and Lord
Arthur Hay, sent to represent Lord Hardinge,
Commander-in Chief of the British army. The
Sardinian general, Count de Marmora, was also
present.
It is said that a marble statue of Marshal de St.
Arnaud is to be placed in one of the galleries of the
palace of Versailles.

993

The following answer has been received by Lord
Cowley to the letter of condolence which he addressed
to the French Government, by instructions from the
British Ministry, upon the death of Marshal St.
Arnaud :
M. L'Ambassadeur,—l have laid before the Emperor
the letter that your excellency did me the honour to ad-
dress to me on the 10th inst., containing the expression of
regret felt by the Government of her Britannic Majesty on
learning the lamentable loss which France has sustained
by the death of Marshal St. Arnaud. The Emperor has
been deeply affected by a proceeding which gives such
evidence of the union of this Government with that of the
Queen, and of the sincerity with which the two countries
are henceforth called upon to participate in all that can
be for either of them a subject of mourning or of joy. If,
under the present circumstances, anything could assuage
the grief which the Emperor and France have felt at snob
a loss, it is truly, as your excellency has so well said, the
satisfaction which Marshal St. Arnaud was enabled in
dying to experience that he had just inscribed his name,
in conjunction with those of heroic allies, on one of the
most glorious pages of the military annals of England and
France.
I have no need, my lord, to add that the terms in which
your excellency hss so courteously expressed yourself
personally in regard to the marshal have been duly appre-
ciated. Duouvrt DE Louts.

Paris, Oct. F& Mi.

GENERAL CANROBERT.

WHETHEn General Canrobert is to permanently sno-
rted to the commandership of the French expedi-
tionary army does not as yet appear finally determined
upon. It is, however, considered probable, and at all
events it seems certain, that under his command the
siege and capture of Sebastopol will be shared in by
the forces of our allies. The general is, by French
authorities, deemed fully worthy of the leadership,
and his career as a soldier gives high promise both
of talent and courage sufficient to qualify him for the
most exalted military functions. Some interesting
details of his professional services are given in the
Monitcur de 1 Annie, from which we extract the fol-
lowing particulars
Francois Certain Canrobert was born in 1809, in the
department of Lot, a few leagues from the village which
gave birth to Murat. He entered the School of St. Cyr in
November, 1820, and left in one of the first ranks after two
years of laborious study. Appointed sub-lieutenant of the
47th of the Line in October, 1828, he was made lieutenant
in June, 1832, embarked for Africa in 1835. and arrived in
the province of Oran, where the Emir, Abd-el-Kader, after
the unfortunate affair of the Macta, kept our army in check.
A short time afterwards he took part in the expedition of
Mascara, in which he began to make himself known. He
followed with his regiment the operations which Generals
Clauzel and Letang directed in the province of Oran ; the
capture of Tlemcen, the expedition of the Chetiff Aareh-
goun, and the Mina; the victualling of Tlemcen, the com-
bats of Sidi-Zaeoub, Tafna. and Sikkah. These affairs
displayed his brilliant military qualities, and raised him to
the rank of captain on the 20th of April, 1837. He went
in the same year to the province of Constantine, where the
Duke de Nemours and General Duniremont made prepa-
rations to revenge a deep insult. He received a wound in
the leg at the assault of that place by the side of Colonel
Comber, an old soldier of the island of Elba, to whom he
was orderly officer, and who was mortally wounded at the
breach. Before he died, Colonel Combes recommended
the young captain to Marshal Wee as an officer full of
promise.
General Canrobert returned to France in 1830, decorated
with the Legion of Honour, and was charged with organ-
ising for the foreign legion a battalion chosen from the
bands of Spaniards who had Liken refuge with Cabrera
upon the French territory. Thanks to the persevering ac-
tivity of the organiser, these remnants of the civil war were
very soon ready to take part in the labours of our troops in
Algeria.
Called to the camp of St. Omer in 1840, he drew up with
success, by order of the Duke of Orleans, several chapters
of a manual destined for the use of the officers of the light
troops. In the north, Captain Canrobert was incorpo-
rated with the lith battalion of Foot Chasseurs, and returned
to Africa in 1811. In that new campaign he signalised
himself in the combats of the mountains of lifouzaia and
Du Coutes, as well as in the obstinate struggle which the
Reni-Menasser made against our troops. After having at-
tained the rank of Chief of Battalion of the 15th Light,
on the 22nd of May, 1842, he was placed at the head of the
sth battalion of Chasseurs, which was incessantly in the
field on the banks of the Chetiff, and took part under the
orders of General Gentil iu the affair of the grottoes and
that of Sherd], and also in several combats on the ltiou.
Part of the year 1842 and the whole of the year 1843
were employed in fresh operations in Africa, and in all of
them General Canrobert worthily maintained the honour
of his battalion. Everywhere the 3rd and sth battalion of
Chasseurs were led by their commander with singular
success. Colonel de St. Arnaud employed him against
lion-Maze, and he gave glorious co-operation in the affairs
of Bahl, Oued•Metmour, Oned-Gri, and Oued-Senzig. In
the former he succeeded with 250 bayonets in keeping at
bay more than 3,000 men, who could not break his ranks.
For this exploit he was appointed lieutenant-colonel on
the 20th of October. lie was soon afterwards closely
blocked up in the town of Tetiez, where he had succeeded
Colonel Claparede. Eight months of continual struggles
brought about the pacification of the country, and the supe-
rior officer to whom this result was due obtained the rank
of colonel upon the scene of his conquest.
After having commanded the 2nd Regiment of the Line
he entered the 2nd of the Foreign Legion on the Slat of
March, 1848, and occupied Ratline. General Habilion

entrusted him at this period with the command of a strong
column, with orders to attack and intimidate the moun-
taineers of the Anres. Thia order was promptly executed.
Coljnel Canrobert surprised the enemy at the fort of
Djebel-Chelia, defeated him, drove him, sword in hand, es
far as Kebech, in the Amerkraddon, and made prisoner of
the Bey, Ahmed. On his return to Bathna he went to
Aumale, and took the command of the Regiment of
Zouaves. In this new ?oat he had again occasion to act
vigorously against the kabyles and the tribes of the Jur-
jura, whom he succeeded iu reducing to submission.
But it was particularly in 1819 that Colonal Canrobert
displayed au energy above all eulogium. The cholera at-
tacked the garrison of Aumale, whom the events taking
place at Zaatcha had led under the walls of that place.
What courage, what presence of wind were requisite in the
commander of the Zouaves, who thus conducted his
soldiers in the midst of the dangers of a daring march,
and compelled unceasingly to be the witness of their pain !
He was everywhere exhorting the sick, attending to their
wants, and iu passing he sent a reinforcement to the town
of Bou Sada, the garrison of which was blockaded, and
deceived the enemy, who blocked the passage, by an-
nouncing that he brought the plague with him, and
that he should infect his assailants. At length he arrived
at Zaatcha, on the Bth of November. On the 20th he com-
manded with most daring courage one of the attacking
columns. Out of four officers and sixteen soldiers who fol-
lowed him to the breach sixteen were killed or wounded
by his side. As a reward for his conduct he was appointed
commander of the Legion of Honour on the 11th of

December, 11440.
After having again distinguished himself at the battle
of Nandi he was promoted to the rank of general of bri-
gade on the 13th of January, 1850, came to Paris, com-
manded a brigade of infantry there, and was attached in
the quality of aide-de-camp to the Prince President of the
Republic, and appointed general of division on the 14th
of January, 1853, at the same time retaining his functions
as aide-de-camp of the Emperor. Three months after-
wards he was appointed to command a division of infantry
at the camp of Helfaut, and almost at the same time he was
selected as inspector of the sth ar►ondissement of that
force. Placed latterly at the head of the Ist division of
infantry of the army of the East, he took a most active
part after the commencement of that war, by preparing the
difficult operation of landing, and by powerfully co-operating
in the victory of the Alma, where he received another
wound. It is known that Marshal de St. Arnaud, who
could duly appreciate him, had the most entire confidence
in his talents and bravery. It is true that the young gene-
ral had neglected nothing in order to merit that confidence.
Before his departure he devoted himself to deep study
respecting the scene of the present expedition, as if he had
had the presentiment of his future destiny.

rortign ad dolortial rittiligtitte.

FRANCE.

The Government having decided on sending 10,000
men as a reinforcement to the army in the Crimea,orders
were sent to Marseilles on Monday to demand from the
company (Messagerie Imperi ale) three of their largest
steamers for immediate service. At the same time a
commercial steamer, L'Avenir, was freighted for
3,0001. to convey troops to the East. Two Spanish
merchant steamers have also been engaged for the
conveyance of stores, ammunition, &c. The 10,000
men will be taken from the camp of Cabries, not far
from Marseilles.
The Post-otfice administration has directed that
the arrivals and departures of the Levant packets
should be regulated in a more satisfactory manner,
so as in future not simultaneously to reach Mar-
seilles, and leave an interval of a week or two before
the next arrival. The departures for Constantinople
are hereafter to take place on the 2nd, 6th, 12th,
113th, 22nd, and 26th of each month, and the returns
on the 4th, Bth, 14th, 18th, 24th, and 28th.
The Moniteur publishes a return of the receipts of
the direct and indirect revenue of France for the first
nine months of 1854, with a comparative return of
the receipts for the corresponding period of the years
1852 and 1853. From this document it appears that
the receipts for the first nine months of 1854
amounted to 618,734,000f.' while for the same period
of 1853 they amounted to 626,025,000 f., and of 1852
to 586,676,000 f. This shows an increase as compared
with 1852 of 32,050,000 f., but a decrease as compared
with 1853 of 7,291,000 f.
Notwithstanding the abundant harvest, the de-
mand for foreign corn in the Paris market is very
considerable, and prices are high. It is said that
the Government are large buyers.
BELGIUM.
If King Leopold will return on the 24th or 26th from
his tour in Switzerland and to the Lake of Como.
DENMARK.
The motion for a committee to draw up articles of
impeachment against the Ministry for the Junta
Government octroyed in July, and for the many in-
fractions of the budget, was carried in the Danish
House of Commons on the 14th, by a majority of
80 to 6.
The Commons on Monday finally approved of the
address to the King.
They renew the demand for a free constitution in
the whole State, as in Denmark. The revolutionary
act of July is entirely ignored.
The address was adopted by 90 to 1.

THE PRESS.

The Upper House will adopt the same declaration,
and a deputation therefrom will join the deputation
of the Lower House.

GERMANY.

The relations between Austria and Russia are, it
is stated, on the eve of an absolute rupture. It is
not thought possible that their respective ambas•
sadors at Vienna and St. Petersburg can remain
much longer at their posts. This state of things
has been long foreseen, and duly prepared for by
both these Governments. A war between Austria
and Russia has become inevitable. For many months
past it has only been a question of time and relative
convenience. The Emperor Nicholas could never be
supposed to forgive the policy of the Emperor Francis
Joseph. The letter's active support of the Sublime
Porte, in virtue of the Austro-Turkish convention of
June 14, was at the time, and has been ever since,
regarded at St. Petersburg as a legitimate cases
belli, to be availed of sooner or later.
An official report gives a return of 1,014 cases of
cholera, of which 438 were fatal, from the appearance
of the epidemic in Vienna, on the 10th of September
to the 12th of October, inclusive.
The damage done to property by the inundations
in Silesia is estimated, according to official inquiries,
at from 8,000,000 to 9,000,000 thalers, exclusive of
he injury done to the dykes. The number of fami-
lies deprived of their means of subsistence is 10,000;
the area of land inundated 900,000 morgen (a mor-
gen is one fifth more than an acre,. The sum
hitherto subscribed for the sufferers amounts to
200,000 thalers (about 30,0001.).
The damage done by the late fire at Memel is
estimated at 6,000,000 thalers, the greater part of
which is covered by insurances. Most of the houses
of business there have stopped payment for the pre-
sent, and a number of counting-houses are now to
be found on board of vessels in the Dange. About
5,000 persons have been deprived of house and
home, of whom 3,000 belong to the middle, well-to-do
classes. _ .