The Express.
London, England, 1862-09-26 00:00:00

THE "EXPUSB,

into the political results of Uttt rejeetide-
finitively ascertain tho poem which P* now
occupies in Italy. M. Tworrv'mrax indlistes to
Cardinal ANTONILLI in general terms the alterna-
tive to which the Imperial Government would be
reduced if its terms were rejected :—" If the
" theory of immobility continues to be put for-
" ward, the Exritaos'a Government, although as
" much as possible protecting the interests of the
" Holy See, would be compelled to quit a situs-
" tion the prolongation of which beyond a certain
" time would falsify its policy, and throw the
" public mind into the greatest disorder." This
was written six months ago. The Fosnow
MINISTRE of France formally stated that the
EMPRILOR'S Government would be compelled
to " quit the situation" within a certain
time on pain of falsifying its policy, and throw-
ing the public mind into the greatest disorder.
It would be very desirable to know a little more
preciael

ily what M. Toorrvitszt means by " the
" situation," which he asserts his Government
would be compelled to quit. In one sense, no
doubt, the French Government quits the situation
every time it writes a fresh note on the subject. But
it could hardly be used in this trivial sense in such
an important document, and for such a serious pur-
pose. If it his any significance •at all proportioned
to the place it occupies in M. TitouvxNEL's note,
the " situation" must mean the occupation, and
the Emr Eaott's Government is under a virtual
pledge to evacuate Rome without delay. What-
ever may be the meaning of this clause of the note,
however, the position of the French Government
in Italy is now as perfectly defined as it is utterly
untenable. The EMPREOR is imposing on the
Roman people by force a government they detest,
and wantonly preventing the Italian nation from
completing the union it unanimously desires,
and which is essential to its peaceful development,
its growing prosperity, strength, and progress.
That is the real position, and the facto which prove it
are notorious. The Romans demand to have a
voice in their own government, and protest against
the foreign occupation that deprives them of this
primary and essential right. The Italians at large
demand the right of constituting themselves as
a nation in their own way without foreign inter-
pretation, dictation, or controL And France, of
all countries in the world, is the Power that per-
sists in denying these just demands, in withholding
these primary and supreme national rights. Well
may even a high-minded French Catholic like M.
D'IIikUSSONVILLE, whose sympathies are with the
POPE, protest against such an outrage
on the generous character and instincts of the
French people. M. D'IIACSSONVILLE has recently
returned from a tour through the length and
breadth of Italy, and he finds to his great sur-
prise that Italians of all classes and of every pro-
vince are ripe for national unity and bent on
securing it. The Roman States are no excep-
tion :—" I am convinced that the Romans wish
" for the Piedmontese with all their hearts, and
" would already have called them in were we not
" there to prevent it. As for myself, considering
" the nature and origin, of our government, 1
" cannot but think that we have no right to be
" there. Our government does not, it
" would seem, depend on the old founds-
" tion of Divine right on the contrary,
" it is very anxious not to be confounded with
" other governments of a mixed character, who
" look for the expression of the national will in
" the adhesion of certain constituted bodies. No ;
" our principle is that of universal suffrage—pure,
" simple, and direct. By what right, then, are
"we at Rome t Have we any doubts on the
" subject 1 If that be the case, why do we not
" consult the Romans on the government of
" Pius IX. 1" Such is the judgment of one of
the most moderate Liberals, as well as one of the
most distinguished publicists in France. M. THOU-
VENEL'S prediction is on the point of fulfilment.
By continuing the occupation of Rome under such
conditions the EMPEROR'S Government is " falai-
" Eying its policy," and " throwing the public
" mind into the greatest disorder."

THE NEW ARCHBISHOP Or CANTERBURY. —We
understand that yesterday Dr. Langley, Archbishop of
York, received at his palace, at Bishopsthorpe, near York, a
communication from the Premier, offering to him the primacy
of England, which his grace at once expressed his determina-
tion to accept.
The Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch are enter
Mining a select party at Drumlanrig Castle.
. .

•
The Marquis and Marchioness Dominique Serra
have arrived at the Clarendon Hotel from Paris.

The Marquis and Marchioness of Headfort,
Lord and Lady Bestirs, and Prince Puckler•Muskaw have
arrived at the Hotel Bristol, Paris. The Marquis and Mar-
chioness of Waterford have left the same hotel for England.

Lord ant Lady Southampton have arrived in
town from the hie of Wight.

Lady Otto Fitzgerald wag safely delivered of a
son last evening at her residence in Carlton-bones-terrace.
Her ladyship and infant are progressing favourably.

The mirringe of Mr. William Gerald Seymour
Fitzgerald to Jane Margaret Matilda, eldest daughter of the
late Sir Norman Lockhart, was celebrated on Tuesday at
the Scottish Episcopal Church, Lanark.

The Earl of Chesterfield and a shooting party,
ommisting of the Prince of Saxe Weimar and the Duke of
Cambridge, have been staying at the noble earl's shooting-
box, at Newton Manor. ,On Tuesday the sportsmen started
at Stoke Ferry, and from thence ascended the hill to Mrs.
Tomlin's ; afterwards proceeding to Saxondale and neigh-
bourhood. Game was plentiful, and previous to luncheon
ninety brace of partridges and pheasants, together with
eighty couples of bares and rabbits, bad been bagged.
The remains of the late Earl of Ellesmere arrived
at Worsley Hall on Wednesday, from Scotland, for inter-
ment in the family vault. The funeral is expected to take
place to-morrow.
Mention is made in Turin letters of a present
front the King of Italy to the young Queen of Portugal,
and the value of which is stated to be not btu than
800,000 fr. It consists of two necklaces, a diadem enriched
with brilliants and other precious stones, and an Etruscan
bracelet.

The tour of Prince Humbert of Savoy in Eng-
land and Russia is spoken of. The prince would, it is said.
take advantage of his excursion to Lisbon, where he will
accompany his sister, to visit London and St. Petersburg,
and make acquaintance with the statesmen of those two
capitals.

The Colonial-office have intimated, in reply to
representations with regard to the unprotected condition of
the island of Labuan from pint c.. 1 attacks, that instruc-
tions will be forthwith sent to the Admiral on the Chma
station to despatch as early as may be practicable to the
meat cf Borneo some suitable vessel for the suppression of
piracy in the Eastern Archips!ago.
The second telegraph line across the continent of
America will ran by way cf Los Angeles and Fort Yuma,
and from thence nearly on the old southern overland mail
route, through Memphis or Bt. Louis. An application is
to tos made to Congress to allow an extension of the time
for erecting the telegraph, which has been delayed in con-
sequence of she war.

The Union publishes the following intelligence
respecting the Fflgrims who have recently left France for
the Holy lead :—" The caravan left Marseilles on the
31st of August. sad arrived at Malta on the 3rd inst., all
in good health, though many bad suffered severely from
sea sickness. The news from Palestine caused some appro.
bensions as to the safety of the roads. as it appears that
three Franciscan friars were attacked and plundered by
Bedouins at Seagull. near Silo. The governor of Jerusalem,
Burriga Packs, hastened to the spot, coot several of the
sheiks of the tribe to Jerusalem in chains, and ietaehed
Ti horsemen to arrest the robbers. This event is much to
be regretted, but it does not forebode sty danger to the
Pilgrims."

FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 26, 1862

L 11. D. D.O.L L&
- -
..... 29.80 SO 49 && 9 4r 0.15
Lamm ... 29.02 66 64 & 9 162 -
Lam -
Boma= -
Mwaossmi 29.72 66 66 B.L Or 0.17
rourams 29.81 69 64 B.W. b -
Gamma' 29.68 68 67 W. lr 0.18
VoisTrlA
qtrizierowN 19.74 69 67 W.B.W. 4r 0.62
Moil Ham).- 29.74 00 68 & r -
Livaaroor
Prxmlomi 29.81 60 68 B.W. br 0.14
PINUP=
29.88 82 60 B. lr 0.12
188111 29.99 62 60 8. c -
Niirmorra. . 29.91 61 00 8.8. W. lr 9(8
Pwasatoomi 29.92 62 59 B.W. o -
Dorn - - B.&W. a-
[mama 29.9.9 90 68 8.8. W. 16 0.01
iomioirrn -
WARDOw.47OII 29.87 66 64 8.8. W. Sr 133 0.15
. 20.86 66 63 IL - 122 -111rwooLAND 29.61 67 86 B.W. 6 0 -

SATURDAY. •lURDAT.
S. to W. and N.W., SOOTLARD. Westerly, fresh, show_
fresh, 'bowery. ery.
S.W. to N.W., strong to DtzuarD. W.S. W. to W.N.W., •
a gale, rainy gale, showers.
S.Q.W. to W.N.W., W. CENTRAL. S.S.W. to W., strong,
fresh tostrong, rainy. rain".
S.W. to W.N.W., strong fl.W.Enocann. W.S.W. to N.N.W.,
to a gale, showers. strong, unsettled.
S.W. to W., fresh, S.E. ENGLAND. W.•.W. to W.N.W.,
;bowery. fresh to strong.
S.W. to N.W., fresh, E. Coos[. W. to N., strong,
showers. showery.

The editor of the Courtier de Marseille states that
he has received the first two numbers of a newspaper pub-
lished clandestinely at Naples under the title of Rome or
Death. The newspaper is of the full size, with double
columns ; it is printed on fine paper, of a blueish colour.
It advocates republican principles, and recommends an
armed rebellion. It announces that • secret association
exists at Palermo, haring for its motto "United Italy—
Rome its capital; the plibivite realised."
Cases have lately been very frequently cited in
the French papers of persons becoming exceedingly ill and
even dying, in consequence of the stings of venomous flies,
the said venomous quality being contracted by the insect
from putrid substances on which it has settled. Near
Soissons • shepherd lately died in four days, in consequence
of one of these bites or stings. He took no heed of the
first inflammatory symptoms and when be applied to a
doctor it was too late. Two other persons in the same
neighbourhood were similarly attacked, the symptoms being
great swelling and inflammation, but fatal results were not
anticipated.
PLYMOUTH, SEPT. 25.—(8T REUTER'S TELEGRAM.)
—The Sussex, from London for Melbourne. arrived here
this evening to embark passengers. She reports signalling
in the Channel the Cairngorm from Sydney June 18. She
saw also today a ship standing up Channel resembling the
Anglesey, due from Melbourne, with 6,000 (!) ox. of gold.
A LIFEBOAT TOE DUBLIN-BAY.—General Sir
George Bowles, Loa, has just presented to the National
Lifeboat Institution 265/., to enable it to station • new life-
boat and transporting carriage at Howth, near Dublin. The
host, which is :to feet long, had her harbour trial yesterday
in the Regent's Canal Dock, Limehouse, when the usual
characteristics of self-righting and self water-ejection of
this class of vessel were fully and satisfactorily shown, to
the gratification of a number of persons who had assembled
to witness the trial. The lifeboat and her carriage leave
for their station on Saturday. on board of one of the
steamers belonging to Messrs. Malcolmson, who, in conjunc-
tion with Mr. J. Robinson, of Mark-lane, are ever ready to
carry the boats, &c., free of charge.

.EXPRESO FROM PARIS•

THE DIPERLiL MANIFESTO RESPECTING
ROME.
(11011 OCR OWN 003118PONDONT.)

PARIS. THURSDAY EVIIIRO.

People rushed to buy the Moniteur this morning
when the newsboys bawled out that it contained an
"important letter from his Majesty the Emperor
on the Roman question." I myself, though steeled
by long experience against political enthusiasm,
confess having felt no ordinary emotion when, on
opening the wet leaves of the official journal, my
eye lit upon two columns of large type, with the
signature "Napoleon" at the bottom. So ! I men-
tally ejaculated (and here I was not wrong), the
papers have been talking nonsense when they said
that the Emperor's determination upon so gigantic
a matter as the French occupation of Rome depends
upon the weather at Biarritz, and must wait
(Italy being all the time in agonies, and every
day putting the peace of Europe in peril) until
it suits the convenience of the court to
come to St. Cloud. I did not, indeed, expect a
satisfactory or even a candid solution. I looked
for something dilatory, with a more or less disguised
leaning towards the Gueronnibre doctrines ; but
I did for a moment experience the fluttering
excitement of supposing that I was about to read
the Emperor's solemnly-expressed opinion upon the
great and pressing Italian crisis, which occupies
the minds of all political men at this moment. But
oh, what a disappointment ! The date of the
Emperor's letter is May 20, 1862. The Moniker,
acknowledging, thus late in the day, the public
anxiety on the Roman question—an anxiety
intensified by the immense event of Garibaldi's fall
on the field of battle before Italian arms—has
nothing more apropos to communicate to the
world than what the Emperor was pleased to say
four months ago. This letter to M. Thouvenel
is followed by a diplomatic correspondence growing
out of it, the latest date of which is June 24. In
these disclosures, taken as a whole, although there
is the usual leaven of imperial duplicity and just
enough of liberalism to keep alive the ire of the
church, I cannot extract the smallest hope of that
solution of the Roman question—viz., the with-
drawal of the French army—without which the
powers of Europe must prepare for a general war,
which may break out at any moment. Although
the Marquis de Lavalette's letter from Rome, of
June 24, confirming every indication from the papal
court down to the present hour, states that the Pope
utterly repudiates the French proposal for a
reconciliation with Italy, and will never even
grant any reforms in his dominions until the
portions of it " usurped by Piedmont " be
restored to him, the Moniteur heads the
reproduction of the Emperor's state letter with
the statement that " a reconciliation be-
tween the Holy See and Italy is still
the object of his policy." This pretended clinging
to an impossibility is but too strong a confirmation
of the Gueronniere chuckle that no matter whe-
ther the policy of conciliation may succeed or not,
France will remain at Rome till it does. That, I
am afraid,is the whole pith of the matter—in other
words, France will keep her hold upon Rome, and
Iconsequently on Italy, by the right of the strongest,
and will carry out the real object she had in sacri-
ficing hecatombs of men at Magenta and Solferino,
viz., the substitution of French for Austrian do-
mination. Very remarkable are these words in
M. Thouvenel's now published despatch of May
30 :

Never, I loudly proclaim, ban the Emperor's government
uttered a word of a nature to inspire the cabinet of Turin
with a hope that the capital of catholicism can at the same
time became, with the consent of France, the capital of
the great kingdom which has been formed beyond the Alps
AU our acts, all our declarations conspire on the contrary
to show our firm and constant determin►tion to maintain
the Pope in possession of the portion of his states which
the presence of our flag has preserved to him. I here re-
sew that assurance, Monsieur le Marquis.

Nothing so strong as this in favour of the tem-
poral power has appeared in any official document
for a long time ; and certainly nothing like it was
to be found in any of M. Billanit's ambiguous
speeches delivered in the Senate and Corps Legis-
latif last session. Is this the reply to General
Durando's circular ? And if so, how is it possible
that Rattazzi can remain in office without an open
rupture with France ? If the diplomatic oorre-
spondence with the Italian government for the
period contemporaneous with the above, were to be
published, as it must surely be ere long, it would
not, lam persuaded, show any such categorical de-
claration in regard to Rome as that made by M.
Thouvenel to Cardinal Antonelli. And if it do
not—if one language was held to Turin and
another to Rome—how shall the French govern-
ment defend itself from the charge of criminal du-
plicity I If, on the other hand, France told Turin
plainly so long ago and so lately as May last that Italy
should never be allowed to have Rome for her

capital, how shall Rattazzi justify himself in the
eyes of the Italian nation for having crushed their
national hero, Garibaldi, on the pretext that he
sought by perilous and irregular means that neces-
sary solution which the government was assured of
having without commotion 1 Does not the truth
now come out that Garibaldi's desperate and self
sacrificing enterprise was promoted by the know-
ledge that Rattazzi was lulling the nation in a fool's
paradise, when he professed to believe that the
unity of Italy was to be hoped for from France.
If Rattazzi be now obliged to confess that he knew
all along that France did not mean Rome to be the
capital of Italy, I think him the least enviable
statesman in the world.
If the above diplomatic correspondence were
more recent, the Italian cause might derive some
comfort from the following demonstration against
a presumed non poseumus in M Thouveners instruc-
tions to the Marquis de Lavalette :

You will have, however, to let it be understood that, if
you are met as categorically as hitherto with the theory of
immobility, the Emperor's government cannot make that
the rule of its conduct ; and that, if it should unhappily
learn for a certainty that its efforts to induce the Holy
Father to accept an arrangement had become henceforth
impossible, it would be under the necessity, while safe-
guarding as far as possible the interests it has hitherto
covered with its solicitude, to find a means of extricatiog
itself from a situation which, if prolonged beyond a certain
term, would falsify its policy, and would only serve to
throw the public mind into greater disorder.
But the circumstances under which the Moniteur
now lifts the diplomatic veil shows that the latter
paragraph was a mere brutent fulmen. The Pope
did again say non possumus. M. de Lavalette testi-
fies that he was met by Cardinal Antonelli with
"the theory of immobility" just as categorically as
before, and yet the Moniteur, echoing M. de la
Gueronnihre, repeats that "conciliation between
the Pope and Italy" is still the policy of the imperial
government. Not a word now of "extricating itself
from the situation of Rome which falsifies its
policy." On the contrary, we hear of barracks
being prepared at Rome for receiving fresh regi-
ments from France. It seems to me—and a me-
lancholy reflection it is—that the La Gueronnihre
policy is triumphant.
The Bourse was not affected one way or another
,by the Emperor's letter in the Moniteur. The

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