The Express.
London, England, 1862-11-13 00:00:00

[Stamped, Id. Additional.]

IXTBAORDINARY CONDUCT OF A MERCHANT

i i Ali 7VI-1.

On Tuesday there was • sitting of the Bristol
Local Marine Board, at their offices in Prince.estreet, to
investigate • singular charge against a merchant captain, a
few particulars of which we have already placed before our
readers. The members of the committee prevent were Mr.
R. P. King, in the chair, Mr. Whitwill, Mr. Lucas, and Mr.
R. Rowe. Mr. H. Britten acted as legal ansistast The
charge was preferred by Mum. T. Berm sal Co., of
Newport, against Captain Henry Mathias, and wee to the
effect that he. being the muter of the barque 7=
Newport, on an intended voyage from Newport to 3
In the Breath, was, when the vessel bad arrived off Cape
Horn, guilty of a grime act of misconduct. in having, with.
out proper or sufßcient moss o!. reason, neglected or entitled
further to proceed on the mid voyage, and navigated the
*easel back to Newport.
Captain Mathias promised to deliver up his certificate to
abide the result of the inquiry, which was then prozerdsd
with. He had no legal undoing and said he wanted
DOD, but would conduct his own we. When asked, after
hearing the evidence against him, if he desired time to
prepare hie defence, he replied in the negative, and ee-
-1 pressed his desire to enter upon it at oboe. He contacted
his defence and delivered his address in a cool and intern-
: gent manner.
Mr. Cathcart, solicitor, of Newport, is stating the ease,
said he wasinstracted by Mr. Berson, the managing owner
of the barque Usk, of Newport, to bring before Meer notice
eireunstaitess coassoted with the modest of Capt.
, Mathis% the late master of the vowel, now
out, with a
wan not a p
vieww of asking tern to say thatu
Ice
of • Master .mariner. Mr. ashherefi. Mated a
he
edra the eirounntances, and it appeared that defsodaat,
• after being out for 30 days, encountered stormy weather, sad
' changed the mane of the Alp to the Falkland Islands, evie
dently for a temporary purpesebut subsequently, from some
extraordinary Muse, be felt it incumbent on him to sail the
vessel back to New On the 21st of October Mr. Bryson
was much surprised to see Capt. Mathieu at his house, and to
be Wormed by him that the vessel was brought back toNew-
poet, and was there for the ownere. It seemed that the DD.
eel. after leaving Newport, ran to the Falkland islands, and
ran home again. Such conduct was most disastrous to the
owners, and the time and expense incurred for those
months were perfectly wasted. Unless thecharteeere should
be conciliatory the circumstances must prove mad
disastrous—the owners must sustain serious loss by the re-
markable conduct of Captain Mathias. The only expla-
nation for the return home that the mate °Gehl get from
him was that be (the captain) bad seen the Almighty per-
sonally, and that he had been told by the Almighty not to
proceed on the voyage, or the vessel would be destroyed
with all hands. Hs asked the committee out to bold that
the captain was labouring under a delusion, but to entertain
a view very prejudicial to Captain Mathias. Whatever might
have been his inducement to return home, it was obvious
that he held some very extraordinary meson was necessary
to be furnished to the owners for his conduct. Mr. Cathcart
agreed that the captain could not be labouring cedar a delu-
sion. There were instances of a mind taking up one idea so
f ally and thoroughly as tomake that a prominent one over all
the actions of the individual, but the captain did not sot
consistently with that idea, for on every other subject he
was perfectly rational. The first mate had wanted to act on
the principle of common sense, sod to deal in • bona fide
manner with the owners, and the captain had cunning
enough to set the crew against the mate, sod when the
latter was desirous of recording in the log-book the reason
the captain had given for brieging the vessel home, the
captain objected, and that showed he was not labouring
under a delusion, or be would have acted up to his delusion,
and would have ordered it to be put in the lag-book. In
conclusion Mr. Cathcart said he would oak Captain Mathias
to satisfy them that this extraordinary proceediog on
his wu justifiable, and if he did not be (Mr. ikth-
cart) would contend that the circumstances were amply
sufficient to warrant the committee in determining that
Captain Mathias should no longer hold • certificate to admit
of his placing the owners of vessels under such arenas.
stanoce as his placed Messrs. Beynon.
David Evans, of Cardiff, late mate of the barque Usk, of
Newport, deposed to starting in her with a cargo of coals
in June last for Caldera, in the Brazils. The crew cos-
slated of twelve, Captain Mathias being master, and hie
nephew boatswain. The captain's daughter, who was 15
years of age, was also on board as a pusenger. In August
the weather was very severe, and the captain said be bad
changed the course to the Falkland Islands. They continued
in that course, as the captain said, for the purpose of getting
into smoother water. Subsequently he said he should have
the venal surveyed, as she bad laboured and strained, and
told him to put in the log the weather as "heavy as he
could. That was on the 17th of August.—By Mr. King : I
did not put the weather in heavier than it eraa—Ex•mios-
tion motioned : In witnesa's judgment there was sufficient
reason for altering the course to the Falkland Islands. In
the course of three or four days whams (clued that the
course was too much to the east for these ialauda, and he
asked the captain where he intended taking her, and he re-
plied
that he intended to take her back to Newport Docks.
He asked him his reason, and he said that he had had an
ocular demonstration from God not to proceed, or he would
lose the ship and urge and the lives of all on board. Witmer
said he did not believe it, sod asked him if he intended to
take the skip home or to do it honourable Asked him to put
into Monte Video, and to write home to the owners to give
him (witness) charge of the ship, or to send another master
oat, then the owners would gladly pay his (captain's) pas-
sage home, rather than have the ship at Newport. He said
God had told him to stop nowhere upon the plains, but to
proceed straight back to Newport, and deliver the ship to
the man he had got it from, and that he deviated from that
God would strike him with instaut death. Begged him to
put tote port. When witaesa persaaded him to go on the
voyage his daeghter said she would saceillos her own life
rather than he aboald proceed. Witness referred to the
lass that would be entailed upon his owners, and told him
that disgrace would be entailed upon him and his family.
He then answered with a Scriptural quotation. He said
when David committed a sin God sacrificed liver to atone
for it. and that if it ruined the owners God's purpose must
be carried out, adding that witimen might take charge of the
ship if he (the witness) first killed him (the captain)
with a carving knife which he was then holding in his band.
These conversations were about the 20th of August The
captain said he would make witness suffer for his misconduct
to him. After the gale was over 'Rafts could see that the
ship wasnot strained, notwlthetamlioe the entries is the log-
book. When these entries were made miter= thought her
labouring sod strainiog. They could have mods the port of
Monte Video easily. After wards tried to get him to pat into
• Basilian port, but he still refused te allow the Teamed to be
put in. When witness wanted to put into Pernambuco, he
told the crew that God had told him that it was in witness's
heart to take the command of the ship from him, and that
God had told him to keep the rod heavy upon witnese's
&boulders. He also told the crew that if they allowed whims
W take the command of the ship he would scuttle ber, as that
would be of great interest to the owners. He also told them
that witness and another muter in a voyage previously, by
scuttling the ship, had defrauded the underwriters of
, 20,0001. Having heard his reason for taking the ship home,
witness asked him if be should enter it in the lug-book, and
he said it was not required that it should be so entered, and
that he would take all the responsibility on his own shoul-
ders, as he was muter of the ship. Up to the time the
, ship's course was altered his conduct had been that of a sane
, man. During the voyage home be also acted as • sane man,
indeed taking more responsibility on himself. It was the
, captain, not witness, who had influence over the crew. The
captain told them that witness was an instrument of Satan to
, try their patieoce. The uptrunbrought the vessel to Newport
and !etcher. She ryas in sound condition and her urgoallright.
She started again on her voyage within a day or two. The cap-
tain did not consult withers as to the propriety of returning.
The captain was on intimate terms with his nephew, the
boatswain. _ . .

The captain then proceeded to crow-ermine the witness,
who said the former had threatened to put him in irons for
remonstrating about the ship. The captain remonstrated
with witness for cutting ropes and the like. sod also for
misconduct. The captain had accused witness of being asleep
on deck when he was not asleep. The man had left the
wheel and gone late the cabin to see the time during wit-
ness's watch on deck. He wee forward at the time. The
captain had threatened to put witness's name in the official
log-book, and to take his certificate from him.
The Captain—You interrupted me while I was writing it
on the slate, and I said, from respect to your father and
mother, and you having begged my pardoo, I would not
injure you, soI had not yet injured either offloer orseaman.
Witness—You did, sir.
The Chairman (to the captain}—You are only charged
with bringing the vessel back to Newport—you have only
to justify yourself for doing It.
The Captain said he wished to show that he bad not taken
soy advantage of the chief officer.
Mr. Brittan—The gross misconduct with which you are
rged is the bringing the ship back. With that excep-
t seems that your conduct was quite correct in the

charged
tiou it

)117.ebetheartasid there wee a perfect answer to all the

kntala'm allegations.

George Bwoffing, of Newport, a morn no board the IJsk,
said be did not think there was anything to necessitate the
retain of the ship to Newport.
Mr. Thomas Beyer, of Newport, said be was the wag
bag owner of the Usk, 338 tons. She riled lost Warmlay
for Caldera, with the original cargo of cools. Elbe sailed
from Swarm oo the 13th of April, under Captain Mathias,
who had been muter of her for three yams. He was to
take oat the coals sal bring home copper are. He went a
*writ distance on his voyage, and after beim three wars
out retorted in °prayers of en &rider. He sure-
csanted.started from Newport, sod returned again, as above
lie had hod no authority to return until be bad
completed has voyage. Orrin Mathias, in answer to the
erstkia whether there was say this( thematter. with the ship,
said there was nothing the matter with her. Mitres then
asked him to explain why he bed erne batik, sad be said
that Hod Ahtighty had told him to ?Sure book. Ho obi

[TWOPENCE

He had appeared to him in the cabin, that be renewed with
Him ant on the ebartausety. He told the Almighty
he was bound to Caldera, and that he should go there ;
whereupon the Almighty said if he attempted to go
to Calder He should destroy him, the ship, and the crew.
He thee said he considered without sea friend and a brother
after what he had done for him, and for that reason he
pleaded to the Almighty to go into the Falkland Islands or
some Brazilian port, to save him some amount of loss, but
the Almighty's orders were to bring the ship hack to New.
port Docks. &dove be eventually complied with this he
asked fora dim, and the reply was that as soon as he ran to
the north his glass would go up. After making this stem-
med the captain said be wanted hie tea, and went home.
The capeain's conduct in benfing the vowel back had been
productive of heavy lon to witness and the other owners.

This being the case against the captain, he proceeded to
address the committee en his own behalf. He spoke of the
heavy weather that provided, and of the confidence and
comfort be felt, nevertheless, up to a certain time. lie then
went on to say that he had been • professor of religion for
17 years, and made it a practice about ten in the morning to
read a chapter mid then to enter his service to his Creator.
After that had passed one day he felt a pressure on his
mind that he had not ever before felt, and be asked himself
what this could mean, for he had generally felt light and
comfortable under all eiresuosteaces in fast there
had only bees one or two ream eironmetances ia his life,
though he had been at ma for 32 yeast He repeated that
he began to inquire what wan the mewing!f this prewar%
and he thought he would g• and make a past of piayer at
it, and he did so, when lie found that a small dill voice spoke
within him to return to Boned with the ship, but he eines
within him most firmly against it. The more he strove,
however, the wave it resisted bias, and he found the power
to be so strong that it was He remained in
that state. He did not maim known the state of hi mind
to • seed in the ship. No mein that skip know his naiades,
feelings or anything eons mint him, but if the truth were
properly spoken by each iodividual on board that ship that
power must be known by every porso?.. He ratio. ed until
the afternoon and began to eamsiter What did it mean r
for the same still voles spoke audibly sad distinctly within
him, " Ereepthig I would &illy's, purpose that Be would
break me without remedy. Vidor be saw none ;he saw
no bodily shape. He saw nothing bat his own feelings, the
same as any other Christian men would cos. As he had told
Capt. Bevies, so be(Cept. Mathias) would now tall the board,
that with regard to returniog bane be mid within himself
" Well, I should like to have • sign to knew for certain that
I may not be deceived is my owe ben* and deceive my
own self in the presence of my Creator," and that voice
'poke to.hlm again • and told him " That the gime dwell
rise immediately if I would do, and be obedient to the
command given to me." He (Captain Mathias) implored
the Dienes oomparion to allow him to remain till the Ban-
day morning daylight, as the storm was terrific, and he held
that the vessel would suffer Imes lying in a tropical sea than
running before such • storm—it was terrific. He could est•
sleep or rest., and no doubt the mate and the men in the
cabin must have known that there was something in the
expression of his coentesance that was never seen there,
before. As it required so much to change that
will of his (the captain's), which was so deter-
mined to accomplish that voyage, that be had
on two isinieiooe osounsoord. he would leave them to
edge what it must be to change the wills and minds of men.
ight days he suffered, and on the cloth day be felt more
may. He turned the ship at his own private will. No
other perms bed any connexion or anything to do with the
ship, and he had not made known his desire or anything of
the kind. lie had told the mate he might take the respon-
sibilitg of the ship, but he had never applied or aimed to
take the ship from him ; neither the mate nor the men, nor
anyone in the ship, after he gave the order to square the
yards and alter the vessel's course, disobeyed his orders.
Everything had been carried out according to the orders he
had given ; there was • very favourable wand, and he de-
tected the hand a/ Providence in the voyage home. He had
foretold the time when his ship would ben dock, though he
did not know that there would be a pilot, and the weather was
bad. Yet everything came as he had foretold. He believed
the men and officers raw everything transacted in a meaner
they could not account for, but he could see it and under-
stood it. He had given his evidence from first to last as he
had given it to Mr. Beynon. He (Captain Mathias) was de-
sirous of impremtog on the gentlemen not to think he had
seen any term in a bodily shape, or any vision, or anything
of the kind. Let that he banished. He bad known nothing
but a Christie ex tal feeling. That still
yoke had spoken to him audibly. He had bad the hand of
God pressing him sorely previous to the voice speaking to
him.

Brittsn—Do you want to call any witoensea captain ?
Captain Mi.thias replied in the negative, sod said no 01111
was capable of knowing. The witness existed between God
sod himself. He stood estirely on his own respoesibility.
His responsibility ran thus—to suffer whatever the law and
whatever man could place upon him. He stood as a being
to suffer, and be would suffer whatever the law or anything
could forcemi him. He would stand and suffer for it what-
ever it might be, at any moment or at any time.
The court was cleared for the deliberation of the commit-
tee. and after a abort interval, upon its being re-oponed,
The Chairman rid—We have come to our decision in
this painful case, and Mr. Britian will now read it.
. .

Mr. Briton read the following •—•' Thatthu Loud do re.
port to the Board of Trade as follows :—" That Capt. Henry
Mathias, late masberof the barque Uak, of Newport, on a
voyage of that Tamil from Newport to Caldera, which
voyage otimmeseed ON or about the let day of moue teat, did,
when the said vessel had arrived off or mar Cape Holy,
whilst under a mental delusion, and without any proper or
sufficient cause or mason, instead of proceeding on the
maid voyage, put the maid vessel back and return with her
to Newport aforesaid; and that this board considers
Captain Mathias to be dill labouring under such delusion,
and incompetent to take charge or set aa master of any ship
or vessel, aad tbis board doth, therefore, cancel the car-
Untie of the said Captain Mathias."
Captain Mathis promised to give up his certificate
forthwith.

A MAN SHOT BY • &LOUR. —OD Monday even-
ing, shortly after 6 o'clock, an accident, which it is feared
will be attended with fatal coosequenoes,occurred within a
shooting saloon, situated at 39, Saltmarhet, Glasgow. It
appears dist three soldier" of the 29th Regiment, seem-
periled by three civilian'', entered !the saloon in question for
the purpose of having a friendly shot. After several shots
had been fired a dispute arose concerning the number of
points made, and the result was that two of the soldiers and
two of the civilians, one of whom was called Leonard,
went up to the target for the purpose of measuring
the spaces between the shots. While they were
so engaged, as we have been informed, John Penny,
one of the soldiers, took a rifle from the boy who
was in charge of the saloon at the time, and the boy, who
saw the persons standing at the terra, endeevoured at first
to permit Peony from getting possession of the rifle. The
soldier ultimately got possession of the weapon, which mid-
doily went off, and the bell took effect on the back of
Leonard's bead, and the =fortunate fellow dropped upon
the ground. The soldier, upon seeing, what be bad done
immediately exclaimed, "Good God, .'ve shot him!' sad
threw down the gas. A doctor was at ooce scut for, and
the wounded man woe taken to the infirmary, where he now
lies io a hopeless eciaditiee. He is said to have exonerated
the soldier from ail blame is the matter.—Giaagow

THE MURDER AT OLDBURY.—The iuquest on
the body of Sophia Oekold, who was found murdered in her
bedroom on Saturday last, wee resumed on Tuesday. The
affair a to excite considerable interest in the neigh-
hourh crowds of persons gatbenng in hunt of the hotel
The husband of the deceased, who is in custody charged
with the murder of hie wife, was present during the in-
quiry. He is a tolerably well-looking old man, of fresh
colour, with long, thin, grey hair falling on each side of his
had. There is nothing in his appearance to denote a ten-
dency to violence, but, on the contrary, the expression of
his countenance is rather mild and quiet, and rather cheerful
than otherwise. Several other witnesses having been
examined, the jury deliberated for nearly two hours, awl
then returned • verdict of " Wilful murder" against
William Ockold. The caroller remarked that be quite con-
curred in the verdict, for he did not see that they had any
option left them. The foreman stated that it wee the
unanimous wish of the jury to have takeu a merciful view
of the question, but they did not see that they could con-
sueotiously comet* soy other verdict.
SUBORN DEATH OF • MEMBER OF THE LIVER.
mac Dock BOARD.—Mr. Joseph Mondel, a large Liverpool
shipowner, and for many years a prominent member of the
Mersey Dodo and Harbour Board, expired suddenly at his
residence, Seaforth, near Liverpool, on Tuesday night last.
Mr. Moodd, who was CilalikSli of the pilots committee at
the board, was present at • meeting on Tuesday afternoon,
and toward, the close of the proceedings he was seized with
a sudden Moms, which Moms rendered him insensible. In
this state he was conveyed to his residence, where lie died
at 9 o'clock at night. Mr. Mondel was a man of robust con-
stitution, and in his 54th year at the time of his death.

How THEY Finn IN BATTLE —You wonder
whether the reeroeot fire regularly or in volleys, or whe-
ther each man loads and fires as feat as he cso. That de.
peed. upon circumstances ; but usually, except when the
enemy is Baez at hand, the regiment. fire only at the
commead of their officers. You hear a drop, drop, drop,
as • few of the skirmishers fire, followed by • rattle and
roll, which sounds like the felling of • building just am
wane of you have hosed the brick walls tunable at •
great fire. Sometimes when • body of the seamy's
cavalry are sweeping down upon • regiment to eat it to
pieces. the men form into • aware, with the adieus -sad
noinielans is the aspire. The front rank steads id*
bayonet charged, while the ascend wee Ares em fast se ft
can. Sometimes they form in four maks desp—tlketwo
frost Gees kneallog with bayonet charged, so that a the
annoy should eons ;pee them they would run against •
picket foam of Inmate.. When they font in tbls *stilt
other two ranks lard sad fire so fast as they eau.
the rear is terrific, sad many • horse and rider goal down
• Were the terrible stem et belhAt.—Aptericen paper.

CONDUCTED BY THOMAS HOOD.
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SOMEBODY'S LUGGAGE.

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H
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Cite erpregOS.

TO 001tRISPONDKNTS.
Advertisements Intended for " Me Ivrea' londcm Evening
Paper, mud be at the dike, 10, Bouverieetreet. by Two
o dock on the day of publication.

COVENT GARDEN.
TEts Evismo. LOVES TRIUMPH. Mies Loafs& Pyne
and Madame Laura Santee ; Hamra G. Perren, W. H.
Weise, H. Core. Apulia Cook. and W. Harrison.—Conduetur.
Mr. A. Mellon. Commence at S.

HAYMARKET.
SRO I'Ximmer. A DAUGHTER TO MARRY. Wm E. Romer.
AMERICAN Mem% tlotbern. Backstops: Mrs.
rtzwillam.—DUCK HUNTING. MrEWHEIrm—Aod JACK'S
RETURN FROM CANTON. The Leelereql.

TRIS Emma, TIME TRIES ALL Nears Stephen@ and H.
Venn Mimes Aylmer and llurray.—(Fourth time; ONE GOOD
TURN DRSERVES ANOTHER.Vining end Stephens;
Mimi Amy Sedgeriek.—And A ROLAND FOR AN OLIVER.

BRITANNIA.
Tars Evrtmo, CAST ON TIM MERCY OF TEE WORLD.
Mn. 8. Laue.--bioitlog by Mews. W. EandalL Plumpton,
Profe-eor Delay and Little Bob Miss Coveney.—Dancuig by
Mdlle. C. Stephan.—And THE FEMALE BLIIEBEARD.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIM&
1 Di! mantilla. Ma. 40a.....Atimrsooe. 133. 80.
io4lollloW—Marnlng, 611. 30m.....Aftaraops. 611. Um

LONDON, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 13.

Tirs weather is becoming "seasonable :" white
frosts appear, and early risers have seen thick
ice. The new almanacks are coming out ; the
annual Cattle Show is talked of ; and a hundred

out-door sights foreshadow the approach of Christ-
mas. What a strange English Christmas this next
will be ! Thousands whq proud of their ability to
_ . . .

. .
work, and trusting with undoubting faith in the
industrial economy under which they lived, until
lately not only never knew, but never feared want,
will this Christmas eat the bread of charity, happy

if indeed they can get it to eat. We do not want

to appeal to tie sensibilities of our readers by re-
presenting instances of harrowing distress, actual
or impending. It is not necessary, for we see
enough every day to convince us that if our brethren
in the North are not relieved moat effectively

this winter, it will not be for want of either the
readiness or the ability of the public to help them.
But we should like every Englishman to be able
to eat his Christmas dinner with a clear conscience
and a heart cheered with the memory of fraternal
acts. We are already doing • great deal to miti-

gate the distress in the North, and on all hands we
see signs of individual and associated activity
which tell us we shall soon be doing much more.
But still there is danger. We have to go to the
bottom of this distress, and to take care not only
that many shall be succoured, but that not one
shall perish. We are not making sure of
this at present. One of the last letters from
the North we have seen contains this passage :

" My pastoral visits from day to day bring me I
" into contact with cases of most harrowing dis-
tress. I have just had our town missionary
" asking me to look after a number of families in
" a most distressed condition. At the first house
" I called at I found nine persons, all without
" work from Saturday until Tuesday. They were
" without tire, and all this family had to live upon
" for the last seven days was six pounds weight
"of oatmeal. At the next house I found ten
" persons, all without employment, the wife just
" confined, and for the last week this family had
"to live on 3s. 2d. At the next I found eight
" persons, all without work, the wife just con-
" fined of twins ; one of them was lying dead on
" the bed, no food in the house, and without a
" farthing to bury their dead child with. At the
" next house I found nine persons, all without
" work ; one of the children bad been actually
" eating the potato-peelings. At the other houses
" I found they had sold their best clothes, Lion-
" kete, dm., in many cases even bedding, to get food."
This passage occurs in the letter of the Reverend
ALFRED F. Aartarr, of Heywood, near Manchester,
written on Monday last. If these things can
happen before the winter has well begun, what
may we not fear when it is upon us in all its
severity ?
Now, happily we have not to wait in perplexity
while the means of getting the money wanted to
prevent the worst consequences of this distress are
being discovered. The way is plain, and already in
many places it is being followed. We hear of some
striking instances of liberality. Thus, Mr.
SFS:P.OEON collected more than 7001. last Sunday
at his Tabernacle. The association of alms-giving
with religious worship is so natural, that we look
to our churches and chapels for large revenues in
aid of the distress. It has been computed that if
as many public worshippers as were registered in
the census of 1851 were to subscribe only one
penny weekly, the result would be 40,0001. a
week. It is satisfactory to know that weekly col-
lections have been instituted in many of our
churches and chapels, and it may be hoped that the
practice will at once become general. The Bishop
of Ox roan's notion of putting off the collection
to the day of a Church festival which will not be
due these six weeks, is one which we should be
sorry to see adopted. But no liberality on the part
of one portion of the population can dispense
the remaining portion from its obligations. There
must be a house to house visitation under a suffi-
cient local sanction. Here again the practical
spirit of the English public has anticipated sug-
gestions, and we are merely insisting on the neces-
sity of doing that universally which is already
being done in different parts of London and in
other large towns. No other plan is so well cal-
culated to realise the public and national character
of the calamity and to bring the duty of con-
tributing home to all classes of the community.
But if these two sources of pecuniary supplies
are to produce a fund equal to the exigencies of
the case, they must be opened on all hands. It is
getting to be recognised that it is not by a single
violent effort, but by steady and sustained endea-
vour that this crisis is to be met. The injustice
of throwing the burden upon one class or upon a
few classes of persons is also apparent. But it is
still necessary to in►ist that the work is one which
should be taken up in all parts of the country. This
consideration was stronglypressed upon the Central
Relief Committee by Mr. CODDIN on Monday
week, and was the motive of his proposition to
make that committee national. A national com-
mittee would be entitled to survey the whole coun-
try, ascertain what portions were backward in con-

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