The Express.
London, England, 1852-12-10 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 10, 1852.

effect was true, foe oa the first night of the session the
right boa. baronet the present Secretary for the Colonies
ease down ad
put a notice ea tho books of a motion
ealliwg mon the Mau le? go into etwauittae. an tho sub-
nit notion visa lied /or the 12th Penury, but
tpttlyd till thir 27th ; sad between those
000' • ni!l t took place, and the
=ma was that le . It was only • day
at tistk ala Zi ti hiss the flearetary to
W sumer, liodelelei OMAN. (end others to the
Mai aid bed bees panned flat
_light by the Colonial
lieseehey) hem the Woelathe Made, in which their
Inn datelial ant hasetin our leraislatioa. If,
aaai_. 2 w 11166 hip. ”II1M(IM Pr J. Pakington) and
Ids mean la the goesnmeneerny given the winos
aft la 'saki tel be said they bei 86mes with the coccus
of the WON India body, tareMsup they bag boo „tie&
The goverment were, thershesolifthe ammine minimal
of mussing a eyeless et hillbillies - whisk a isl
authority of the 'mink,* they had essthemsell.
without m sho hale/ hoes .ellethell la the ,
thin ea whets lethelf Me mare ay astiag ..ides
y w of
sisisses eleseneeness ha hit It le be his duty to per-
amen to the males, sad to sedemear to disk from the
senethiharwhlsh wield thow the earects why
=lahafralduilliteldi tin% GM 'bather they intended
te penmen is thol'We mina omen hr the Ware, and a
meartals whether odd be ism to an tad
the useettled Men et th -
amt synths swept thesepat isterestetod
is it. Ai Masi le nil the Monies of the bowie=
whim the ea et ger mon the ks dase yea
Mee 1648. It was a remarkable feet thatillirliCthitar•
lie years previous to that period the et Eqpt
was &tannery. In 1810 the mama INNS
194000 tone and from that dm. me -41fadas mid*
elmarrxortiod,marhesatitthe West WA seissies had a Tat
1-anZ saes up to lta4, it had had enteires=rell the °aunt of
206,00 teas. It showed that Man was esseethingmo net
In the laws which remised the pedisetk7a of
sugar, whoa it thus remised stetissery. (Bear.
hem) Both, this, was the Mate ft laste,
up to 1844. Ile wail sew draw the etteatinetthe Mass
to a return e the thy As 1844 to the
peesist time, a bad boss takes to the statement
made by theC of the Aninas
_the ether night,
red it wee mid thee the year he bed Wined to was so es.
eswrigsr , alai *at it was set Me faiths It as • tat of
the . Ws (Ito. Wilms's) Meader led been drawn
by West India Amethetion of Glasgow to the Warm*
le the 1861 sad *my mid that say retinae, earn.
veankte to the Wad Melia lateens woe menales, and no
segament aural be based se the malt ef a slagle year. If,
bowever, yes nth e• iessaat of eager impeded for three
yews before the eat et as& empared it with that of
W three lath yeses hathat would be a fair
avenge. If, thee, yes leek the three nen before 1816,
it aspired that the mime thr
ee
of sugar wa
sow ins, sad U yes empared thet with the three nen
WM% the mesa* would Albumin bees an anew
tom an hothembil phlegm be *Mb, the noble
(Lewd thimim) ibis Vow* the impede of
sagesaVelaeressed la Si gesgeodus it was but a peer
esesthlisa to the Wee India thiseme, hr that the th-
ane he/ seise hes the iergerielleashisillwaileilm
Se km hiss Ili Wog is ao s. is meant that ia the
ins yeses lelles MN time bad bees Winded hen
W West ladles es the amaze 127,000, while is the last
three years it bad thermed to 147 000 toss• hem the An-
Sties It bad lam Aekthmom 10,00 k to 48,06 tees ; end rregarded the lket_le hei bees a (imperative lu-
men of ft ak le
ORA le Meth tem, sad the &uremia of
itriheat IdS peesseisee is the three yisinbehre
e MIMS Isis se compered with 264,000 tom is the
lest does pure So that there bed bum an Woven of
85.410 bees es ea wasp ef the het three years
as aeogesei wit the Wee yews before 1846.
Thom lams proved smiesinis that et the IM eight years
there had bees a large imam el hsgensi agar, while is
rjessidui 116 Tess It bet bus reoliesomy. The mat of
hog men es lamas the ail imparted.
w mad
the Mork yeeemius bat shaved la that importedea la a
larger magerlies this these el anise coastwise. He held
Underad a paemilet pubiland by the Beige lard the
bstastary- got the Odense, whin, me &aim, sew
alai a austio of whsle fees bat he kaew the noble
lard woad isms him if lea was lodised to rely
awe ea the slimes .meshed Is the papers before the
been, sad with's* attiratiag to the West India latassala
imp twin Is ezegpeate stalmeate reads( to their sew
Ades, Mill it me hardly alb to rely es the views sad
egisthesof Wielded, whose wenn mask
Wiwi la the lashes. The ails bed aluesed a
soy ithinaleas augionot, list dish the esueunisa at
saw had laereesed. yet theme wore men 'adenoid to ladle
awl the Menials, ter it than to the Was lathe colosties,
esdebe teadeasy othis musks was to show that ea regarded
the Win Wise the predosika of sugar was declining
sighilly, awl shot these minks were greatly depeciated.
/few ea berg Alt et UV bad bees Ilve years inn opera-
Mom, sad it nail be admitted that if it wee to produce any
AIM, no ma*, of what kind, it would be visible by this
time. He (Mr. Wiles.) sheen* this the Sheet way
would be to take the avenge of the het Ave years as nap
pared with that of the In yens preiwely to the set of
1/08. He had, there/are, takes the ratans of the fim
yams ptesailell tliii ma of 1846, sad esespared the five
yaws ssessedin up le the dose of bretiser,whieh any on:
5.2-.2..r.r.111 p. "*":."'"' Ir.orm:bireatpti
ro-
of sago Iles 1131 ea tiot be. all and nen of
the asimies. lie had sellestel hew k the following facts
to the Weis lath askolue la essessies with the
as OF :-Isperted-ta Ile See yeses bine ISM thine bad
beam ' the DAM pmenine oa
iraL2l6,ooo alms yearly, mei is the lam An years
est to MAIO teas, or as iesemee es the average
MOM was a bib.hthe last dye pars se owspared with
W five years ANL Bat the noble lend may say
thst, however that might be, it yet was to be selethated to
the loge Suers ef ispertatea fres the Bea ladies sat
the /bailee. while that be. the Want Indies bed is.
Mai. It was true that lone bed had bee ism, there
hiving been imparts& be. theme 28,000 to.. in the live
years before ital. as impared with 91,000 Ism ia the last
an ran, while the esperts hen dee Mashies bad Ja-
mmed from 88,818 tees to NAM tees lb 'mil take
sews of the hems stated by the mile lard se preeh of the
away ot the West lulls alesise ; sad, Isolate( te the lei•
now 'shay of BALM Oahu, it would be fond
that the ionise from this .aka y were ea the
ammo of 24,000 Wag la She tee yews before
1800, Mille the avenge oats the Ave year at See
ands bid ekes to 30,000 tam Then,
_es regarded author
loge seliny, Trinidad, the average bad bees 16,6811 imp
beige Ili, sat slue them 11S,010 tlas. Timm_ midi
laasisi,
dohit
me bi aim la whil
Ills hi e nitrides beg bola
Winguarim, so nebus. 100,000 Ins.
whi bik the last Ith roe it hod bus MI.OO ; bat whoa
the lees eflabeares, eielliiiiiell by is dines sad mi.
pea end ether saes wee ousidoest. k wee met te to Ns,
pied at ; bet et Wet It bat kept ilea
gresi drift the
See yetis of hoe trade es mimed with Ave pas 01*
reties Timor to liesbeirms is the eve yaws bibs
ISM the mown yearly yewlassisa was 10,600 men While
to dee in yeses of he. wale k bed rhea to 24,000. And
=irk the eamant of pnthemlea in the West ladle
in the egregats la is two periods to MIA
he had referred, it watt la head that in the
Ave yens before 1806 Se led
124,000 teas, sad Ia the lint in pees", he= it hed
rhea n
isi 44,000 tom lf, thee, that was the position of
those 11/11111 whisk it was said had been banly dealt with,
end whisk by tbireyoundea of the eel ef WA were phis
renft le
_dem It wit be huoillbstbelest diet OW
was deektuV a hens nodules of wags by sus. N. ' ,
is the be lest years Ora to the Is years Meese 1846. He
alight ip a step farther, sidosn it was net weary for
his moment, sad U be west bath ft the het her es In
yeses et einem Mid whoa the West Whollosim had a
insampey et the awe melt* it mull be AGM thst the
avun etpsedesalen is the lam in yens ear pester dna
aixexpreshagortil, w
fie m m,:
to whisk time slavery ezielern, theverge pertly
wee 211,0001 ad Ire year it
01:0Sll1ta1 scat, sad
lathe
9,111111. se that is either cam all than eoloake
wain bailer elk Oho last Ave years the M the pitied,
whoa they bed the adneteme derivable hese Mimi er '
hem the nissopely el is near menet Bat it Wlies
said, tad he mist la bailee say that it was the chief awe- 1
meat and by the One boa pais. the toomfary is
the qplesiss, thes is est elk ISO hi assemend the d au
trio. That woo the shill rams =gel the debt Am
gentlame la the dissemises cm this mg he hod
relied hr men ea that thee ea ths et temener-
del The right must sew be
ahem les saw the WPM Om ad et UNA hires
ir4
Met iamb is poshisthia of woe to is West
Wine had laspired. yin Sot lis est of INS bed glue ea
lapin te the et Metypews ewer. sad bad
ea skeane& It ems tie that the avenge
a mot le CO., Nees Nee. seal Brasil
Mt hionsil hew_ 74,9M tau le 411.0101 bat it
=elvebe. mew whisk wen at the table of Os house
n hi bees no Wes. is the elan trade, or, at
any rate, gash ea inure.,ee la mamtat be that Mere's; of
product!. Be (Mr. Wilms) had mewed for a paper on
this subject. sad It appeeral bun that paper that the lum-
bar
of slaves tempered fats Bead is 1845 being
50,324, in the Ise nee It had dwindled 41PM
u, 3,287. It tame be allanistary le ovary OW
to know that these bed bees s seiresia from
80,000 to 3,000 slaves ha be AM Est And that
there had been say tiesesse la eke produc-
dew of sugar. The member of tato Cuba
I. 1661 me 6,006. It ena be as Ist him to show
that the no of MIS bad had the owe of deserisz the
Owe Weisel ihst le bad to nes wea that it not'
aliali, led although id and shown that the
=ragalle ffilibed, yet be did not say that it was
la anassinenee air as of 1846. At the seas time that
he mei for the pager to which he had referred, be bed
one* hr another-N_ely, a rears of the gaudily d
madthaery shipped le ve producing counter, At
lie purpose of facilitating the maasfacture.2llm
mal he found that in 1846 the value of
edgeral to Cuba and Brazil was 60,7004 aded—WW
or lea of the exports was 128,0001. All Am he wall
waist.his wee, that though there had bees as lamas,
a in the slave-importing colonies, yet that his 1
ra effected by an Memos is the importation of
Anse, but rather by an increase in the imposeof nuchlaery
deer& from the skill of the artisans of this eountry. But
it Mat Glee said that the British West India colonies had not
the gene advaatentes u Brasil and Cabs; but if you look to
the min of a nominee of the house which eat in 1848,
it wall he food that in Cuba and other slave-importing
countries the lowest interest on capital was 12 per cent.,
so that planter' who required capital to carry on pro.
auction had to p.y for it at that rate, while the
high ist rate of interest charged for advances of capital to
the planters in the British colonies was 6 per cent. The

fish he had Dialed showed that it was not by increased
cruelty to the dare or increased pressure on his powers ell
labour that the production of sugar had been increased, but
sa additional importation of machinery applicable to roger
making Aran this country. He had shown that notwitb-
staading **disadvantage under which the West India ea
Melee ' there had been a much greater increase in
their as compared with the increase in the
faselipt 'seducing countries, the farrow in the pmdse•
akaaftM7salmbeit at the rate of 18 per cent., and 38 in the
Meld& 11111101 the ; and notwithstanding the difticultieslg
W Is go through with an energy which was highly e
table Wits" and which was characteristic of the British
people, they had la the last five years increased their pro-
duction by 38 per. cent., while in the slave-importing coon.
tries it had increased only by 18 per amt. It was obvious
that from the first time they bad embarked is thin contro-
versy it was impound* to leave oat of calculation the inte-
rests of the mummer at home. For though for years the
policy of this country had testiest' the production of the
necessary article of sugar to oar colonies up to 1835, yet it
would be impossible, and if it was possible, it would be
unfair to have left the commerce to depend on timer
colonies alone. As regarded the increase of consump-
tion, the effect had been that in 1815 there was an
average consumption of 207,000 tone of sugar a year, which
woe bought at an espeaditare of 12,420,0001. ; and suppos-
ing the duty had remained the same as it was in that
peer, the amount to be paid by the consumer oa the in-
areesed quantity purchased now would have been
28.000,0001., so that there had been an advantage to the
eeas.mer of ten millions a year by the act of 1845. But
it might be said that the revenue had suffered. No doubt
at both did, but how had it been eines ? In 1848, the duty
en wieniel sugar was at the rate of 255. per cwt., and on
eager 03s. per cwt., producing a revenue of five
Marling, while the duty on rum produced 98,1001..
mahlat • Wtal of 6.981,0001. Liter reducing the duty on
esieaialalgae from 26e. to 10s. per cwt., and that on
foreign ewer from 83s. to 14s. fid., the revenue for the last
year mopes sugar, 4,346,0001., and on rum 1,100.0001.,
making a total of 4480,0001. as compared with 6,981,0001.
is 1846; so that the revenue bad received to within
60,0001. of the former amount, while there had been a bene-
fit of ten millions to the costumer. It would be found also
that the receipts of the planter were higher now than at
the former prices • for if yea took the price
of 1848, that is: 361. a tea, it would be
found that 207,000 toss produced 7,235,0001.; while, if
you took the present price of 261. a ton, 809,000 would pro-
duce 8,185,0001 so that the Outer received nearly half a
million mere this he did before. But it was also said that
wear wee predneed at a met, but he believed that
wee set the ere. The 'Mawr had the advantage of
&taper Islaree. and • win enstiasene Ripply of labstu, as
well as the peed neweies of the pries of ankles with
which they bed lemet their aistesimand on ',Web the
cat of peedsseks the 'widows taken
before • sesmitteei Vraillg. the wordage' theme's'p
is the liwistike, sae ettheteltweese.l6. ifwbfweav,aitte
phone wed weneent. Noted, " tbee MAW se the
ef Ind% *own& en 110,0119 Wee of sew, at • wet et pee.
deed= of 161. a tom, was greater new tann when It was at
Ikz2her rate, for the mot of all wades exported from
and India wee le Lew, that.thei pia es inneh the
Ws he mildew lathe solidi et ihe eine these bad bees
sewing et SWAN dam la Ilea yew es eseepwrod with
the rowdies yew, when the Net of ~effuses. was 184. a
tea." Maim= wthie etsenewity to the ;hater in the
Metwidne tee the bed of We Islwasen. there bed been a
envies es the per el WM hides% wiek was equal te
18 per Not. es the amass efleelinedes. Is the wilandttee
of UN A= had been a diewedes en the eon of the pro-
deaden et wipe, the average be le. 201. • ton au West
India sew, sad 181. a in es the Mauritius.
The eat of the production of wafer in Trinidad had been
reduced within the last five years from 90s. to 13s. per
owl., sad is the Mauritius the cost bad been reduced from

l8•.to 10e.ps;cwt. ; and sugar was not theoti;Titici;il;
be referred to in coaddering the condition of the colonies.
The increase in the imports of coffee had been enormous.
Mg hem gentleman stated the flgeres.) And though it
he said that alarm parties of Ibis Wares= was from
still it would not be goateed= that any portion of
the MI6 pagessions eight to be excluded from par-
Addle= is the advantages of imperial legislation. In
geese (dr hoe. gentleman gave detailed figures) the
general bereasse had else bees *ammo= In rum the a-
wns led likewise bees great. These, thee, were facts
whisk /hawed that the 1101011/111 is quietism, if they were
set ;amperes% were at least more prosperous
Ow had been immediately previous to 1848. The
against the act of 1846 had been of • threefold
tignesew. In the drat glees it had been urged that that
set =mid increase the slave trade; and he thought he had
proved that that had not been the malt. The seat argu-
meat bed been that the eolcules would be ruined, which the
=ideas he bed adduced would suggest was not by
say wane du we, so far at least as large punka.
lion was ma element of mews ; and the third argument
had been, that the act of 1846 would increase the consump-
tion dative-grown r; and this also, he thought, had
sot turned out as p . 80 far he closed that part of
the question; and be now begged permission to address
himself to another sails= The government had been
asked, the other day, with respect to their proposal to give
permission to have colonial sugar refined in bond, whether
ft was contemplated that refining in bond should be optional
or whether there wee In view • uniform system, which
should be compulsory on all parties alike. The im-
portance of the distisetion would be obvious. The
remed7 of refining in bead had been urged on the
tregamittes of 1848 ; and it was contended that such • eye.
tam would practically meant to an ad valorem duty upon
the raw sear. but it was agreed, on all hands, that it
wouldbe absolutely neereseey to have each a system am-
pedsory. The duty laden raised sugar was calculated on
a metals tete of dednetles hem the raw gnu • and. if a
mm. Magee/Wu the pereed system roan= both in bond
sad in his airs Yew and relined the low sugar in
bead, geed*, a MA ifednetion in the duty he paid
Mao wee Ash, la redereserte the average calculated, while
be raised the better eager la his own premises, out of
bead, paying In the latter ease the general duty on
rice....y:l :,,,zatrno :T. :It
mai, bet= OP the fair trader. It was consequently
indispensalle if they introduced the system of redoing
in bead 684 wield be bead to make it uniform and cone-
=la. NO the swat could not forget that there
s gam dilbeessea elapieisa ea this subject among
the mimes themselees;
_est a eselles of them, when the
=Lanima, In ISA awns M the weletrion that the
oges to whisk 'they Inlaid be subjected
by the Inviable 1111111•11 reetriedess would far
est-belesse the advantages deeivable hem the pedaled=
M seise is bend. In conemplasse et these objections,
masers ametsmplated by the lets government had been de-1
hexed ; sag t a the War* ozone adhere were placed in
the lieges. redoing hewn, la London, with a view to as-
weal' peanely what restriction would be necessary, in
reining is bead, to web= at ones the revenue and the
far trader. At the end three or leer months there
Assn made their repeats igad the reamers lame to the do-
ubles Is esetessende If OM =hilt
uTarerieboalia-
se hi•nr ripmfuesildnigthalditill•dit would be: unwise in
theta be *east_ of the permed boos ; aad aseardingly
their wee absesiessi In led i mother agitation was
ra waft the ipelit mimes, &oddities the dioces-
e, defies en Ude legis a mesting et the Leedom re-
ams was held is Lemberd-drest M eensider what cane
May ought le take. Oat of thirty pewees summoned to
the IltiMftie twiliftitwo Mai est of twenty-two
oily are mad_ mama the maistion, whisk was put and
pegged, and whisk wee that it did met appear to the in-
terest of the trade to rem en the government at that
moment a law for giving power to redo* is
bort. He referred le time fasts to show to
tpantep
the hose that this esWeel hid aver hem meg-
M Re
Imied the bee
tromensethaseautthealse Ist des
eat sedum *lda lay in
Cerheigebr Ibitarshises Ira jraILEZI
whisk did net lamb the mind* epee which the Ileum et
Comm. lees asked to premed ; and for himself be meld
wily egg ha wield NOW it a yam ef this kind mid be
Minimal whit' wield be imellended with deem te the
reissue and le Ms tar Water, while net immesh( harem
Mg mailer en diem liking advantage eft, and which,
at the sew lima wadi predees the advantage of a practie4
ad
aft I. 17.481 r hes. gratimeas, wain for the pe-
es% imam that holed met bed is view on this
eemslwsy'defter erthe LM mamma% or any per-
med of iiiinesif. glees he was not directly
alit the est 111 INS; bat that his simple object
bees M review art Is Magnate the wise and happy
palsy on this subject of the Li lee yaw. (Cheers.)
in J. PAYINOTON esemilmented the be.. gentleman
apse the 'Waive know see/ gnat seminey of detail
he bed displayed in address*, theleem ; and proceeded
te my that the hon. gentleman had se tedly referred
to the ewer which, for some be J. Pakingtnn)
bad alms on this question, that he the hones would
list= is him while he offered some in reply.
The ban. gentleman had said that his melee es this mea-
d= was 'Whale the polity of the bet Ave years, and he
IseJ. Pabst's) asked for as great eninduog while
defended the view he had taken daring that time in re.
=t o t
elleantry. He did aot wonder that the hen. gem-
have taken every advantage he the
of W sageseest, of the remarkable eireunieleser7t:
wager trade la the present year ; but with regard to the
pawl state of this most important subject, and with re-
gard to the prospects of the sugar colonies, he (Sir J. Pa-'
kington) would end to speak with the mat perfect
candour. He was disposed to shrink from as avowal
of his opinion ; or of a change of opinion ; and
he thought that the part • public man should be
really ashamed of was any hesitation in the contagion,
that in any former view he had been mistaken. But in
this instance, in justice to himself, and after reviewing all
that he had said or dose on the subject, he was bound to
observe that he was not now disposed to retract anything.
He admitted frankly that the figures which marked the
sugar trade for the current year were figures which he had
not eapected to have seen ; and, on the other hand, he
thought it probable that if be had asked the hon. gentleman
himself twelve months ago, or eves so late as last February,
whether he anticipated such figures as those which had
been referred to the other evening by the Chancellor of the
Fashequer, he would have considered them se very extra-
vagant. The hon. gentleman had recited on this occuion
the objection urged by him (Sir J. Pakiugten)
end his friends to the policy of the noble
lord the member for the City of London : those
objections being that in the first place the act of
1816 would encourage the slave trade; next, that it
would gum,. lato the produce of sugar produced by the in-
strumentality of slaves; and thirdly, that it would injure
the interests of our own sugar producing colonies; and the
hon. gentleman had contended that in every one of them
respects the predictions had been haled. Here he

ld main-
jit°liiiiritliletd.huaiNut
tots! avtilethlisiiti.:::e.tanboti7ea.dhlreei.snptirTemedhiencntihnonnesn.hdagdeh:ltielweemonuen
men-
tioned the circumstances of the slave trade in
1810; and he then appealed to the great and
gratifying diminution in that trade during the last
year (1851). Bat the hon. gentleman neglected two
important pointy. He did not advert to the condition of
the slave trade previous to 1846; and he made no reference
to the state of the slave trade during the years which inter-
vened between 1846 and 1851. All that the hon. gentle.
man had said, in the way of distinction, was, that the
import of slaves into Brazil in 1846, although large, was nut
to be taken into calculation, inasmuch es that war the
tear in which the legislation in question to k place, and
ence the circumstances of that year could not bare been
effected by our legislation. But there was a parliamentary
paper on the table which showed the whole facts very
conclusively. In 1842 the import of slaves to Brazil was
17,405; in 1843, 19,095; in 1844, 22,849; and in 1845,
19,443. He passed the year 1846 as not in question, and
he came to 1847, in which the import was 56,173; in 1818,
60,000; in 1849, 64,000; in 1850, 23,000. difference,
therefore, was prodigious; and it was impossible to resist
the conclusion, lookiug to the nature of our legislation, that
the act of 1846, introducing slave produce into this country,
had given en enormous stimulus to the sieve trade, and bed
been the cause of that rapid and startling increase which
the figures he had read would show. In 18.51, however, as
the hon. gentleman pointed out, the import into Brasil
suddenly dropped to 3,267. He stated the fact with great
pleasure; and in the present year it would be found, he
was glad to know, that the slave traffic to Brazil
bad almost ceased. But he hoped the hon. gentleman
would not think he was veep unfair if he stated his suspi-
cions that the glut, as he might call it, of the slave market
in Brazil in 1851, and the almost complete cessation of the
trade in 1852, were not wholly unconnected with the
moos number of slaves forced into Brazil in the four pre-
ceding years. The circumstances of the traffic in those pre-
ceding years were such as he believed had given the Brazi-
lian government some alarm, so that a sudden fall in the
numbers imported took place ; and he confessed he was not
sanguine that future years would be marked by the
same absence of a slave trade to Brazil which
distinguished the present year. In regard to Cuba,
much the same circumstances and results were ob-
servable. (The right hoe. gentleman here read the figures
illustrating his argument.) The number imported into
Cabs had fallen from 8,749, in 1849, to 5,000 in 1851 ; but
the hon. gentleman was no doubt aware of the fact, which
it was melancholy to state, that in the present year the
slave trade to that island had been increasing, and the new
captain-general of Cuba was not, it woe to be apprehended,
by any means disposed to discourage the trade. Putting
the whole of these facts together he thought be had said I
enough to show that on this point the results
had borne out his sad his friends' predictions.
Het came, then, to the second argument urged
against the act of 1846, that it would tend to give
a stimulus to the production of slave-grown sugar. Here
he had in some degree to complain of the figures used by
the hon. gentleman, though no doubt the hon. gentleman
was entitled to use thou figures which beat assisted his own
view of the case. Mit, here, again, he was prepared to show,
as far as an inference could be drawn from facts, that the
act of 1846 had given an enormous stimu'us, as • wow
quote, of giving a stimulus to the slave trade itself, to
the produce of sugar grown and manufactured by means of',
slave labour; and that while this country had been mak-
ing prodigious efforts to suppress this disgraceful traffic, this
unhappy legislation of 1846, as he would still insist on calling
it, had had the effect to this greatest degree that legislation
could have, of forcing the growth of sugar produced by
slave labour. The hon. gentleman was no doubt aware that
the information which was obtained with respect to this
subject from Brazil, war given in regard to " casks" and
other quantities little known in England ; and he (Sir
J. Pakington) had therefore reduced the returns to ewts.
The hon. gentleman had not touched the state of the sugar
market of Brazil prior to 1846 ; he had only admitted the
great increase since 1846. But attention to the figures
which represented the state of things previous to 1846 in
Cuba was also very necessary. The average exports of the
lbw years ending 1845 from Cuba were 3,191,706 cwt. , and
the average exports front Cuba in the four years ending 1850
(passing over the transitive year 1846) were 4,945,814 ewts.
He would now show the house the aggregate results, taking
the produce of these two slave growing countries. The
average exports of the four years previous to 1846 were
4,290,841 cwts., and of the four years ending 18.50 were
6,288,770 ewtx, showing an increase in the latter four years'
of 1,97.5,839 cots. Well, he thought he might appeal to
these figures with the same confidence that he did to his
figures on the slave trade, to show that the effect of the
legislation of 1846 was to give a great stimulus to the pro-
duce of sugar by slave labour. He now came to the third
point—namely, the effect on our sugar producing colonies.
Now, the hon. gentleman had met this part of the subject,
he must say, with great coolness. That the consumers in
this country had derived great benefit he was perfectly
willing to admit. The imports to this country had
swollen from somewhere about two millions of
cwts., at the beginning of the century, to about four
dllion cwts. at the extinction of slavery, and now amounted
to upwards of six million cwts., cheapened enormously by
our recent legislation, in consequence of which, while the
comforts of the consumer bad been greatly promoted and
the revenue had not fallen off, or only in a alight degree,
that the hon. gentleman should have dwelt on these
results wee to have beet. expected, but to say that our
West India colonists had not suffered was a statement fur
which he was not prepared, and from which he mast totally
dissent. Personally appealed to, as he had been on this
subject, he trusted he might be excused if he brought fur-
ward proofs of the tremendous sufferings inflicted on our
colonists, sufferings greater ho believed thin any country in
the world had ever inflicted upon any portion of its subjects.
His difficulty in approaching this part of the subject arose
out of the mar of matter which had accumulated within
the last few years. His duty had been to make • selection
of the proofs which might best illustrate the ext. at of
thou sufferings. He would begin with a pamphlet written
by big noble friend the member for Lynn. lie believed
he had read this extract before, but what did his noble
friend say He said, "1 was prepared for desolation, but
not for what I Law. The whole land was strewed with
rules of bosses and mills, and those not old, hut new build-
ings." He then goes on to say, after alluding to other mat-
ters with which I will not trouble the house, and remember
this statement was not made at • distant period—it was
made with regard to what he saw in 1850. He would now
read another extract front the pamphlet, again referring to
British Guiana, in which he said, and he believed
the substance of this was taken from a very important re-
mtpresented by certain commissioners in British
.., which gave a most gloomy account of the condition
and prospects of that islaad. The pamphlet west on to
say Of a total of about 600 estases now or formerly exist-
ing in British Guiana, the COMMilliollreporied 80 as having
beg placed under sequestration between 1847 and 1849. I
have it on private authority that in the last year 19 mien
have been placed on the list, while 33 have been dispelled
of be execution sale. In one month seven estates were
sold. Their collective value at one rime was upwards of
170,0004. Their price last year was between 14,0001. and
15,0001. (Hear, hear.) Then Lord Harris, in as important
despatch, referring to what the hon. gentleman bad dwelt
on so much to-day, namely, the increase of the ewer*,
said, " Notwithstanding, it can be shown without smash
difficulty, that not only has there been no pelt
during • term of years on all the estates ten
gether, but, on the contrary, there has been a
dead loss of British capital to the amount of at
least • million sterling." This was the evidence of
Lord Harris, referring to the effect of increased exports.
li• wadi not dwell now—though it must be fresh in the
mallet:6o' of the hon. putlemen—on the fearful events
that took place in the Mauritius in 1848, which almost
ruined that country,
to which, he was happy to gay, had sham'
passed away sad yen way much better prospects. He
weld sow take liberty of needing a letter; and, as it
was • private cemiraunicatton, he would not mention the
name of the writer, but would give it to the hon. gentle.
man. The writer was a respectable planter in Jamaica, and
he said: "Bo utterly do I despair of this colony
Masi teem the load of distress under which she
has suffered, and still suffers, that I am now offering,
quite voluntarily on my part, to give up my
estate for a debt of lam than one-fifth of its value, while my
parental estate in this land is abandoned though still in my
own haute." This was a letter dated June of the present
year. He now turned to another ratted of the same kind ;
and here again be would not mention the name, but be
also was a proprietor. He 1819 thou estates
netted the proprietor 22,0001."
An Hole. M
Sir J. PAKINOTON—Yes, in one year. The writer
proceeds to say—" They COW return no income whatever
and this is the case with thousands." And here let him add
that that very morning he had received a letter from a
gentlest& with whom he had no acquaintance, but he pre-
sumed he mut be a large proprietor, for he told him that
he had 32 properties in Jamaica belonging to him, and that
if some change did not speedily take place it was
his intention to write out by an early packet to
abaadon the whole of there 32 properties. Now he
appealed to the house whether the hon. gentleman was jug-
Wed to take such a view as he had done of the of lem of
this legislation. Be It just or unjust, belt beneficial to the
consumers at home or injurious, he said the hon. gentleman
was not justified in attempting to hold out that this legala-
tion had not produced • most frightful ruin of our West
Indio colonist.. (Hear, bear.) lie would now read an ex-
' tract from a letter to • gentleman of very great intelligence
who had come lately to this country front Jamaica. He
came here about six months ago in an official position, and
he would give his name to the hoe. gentleman if he wished
it. This was a letter received a few days ago by his brother,
describing what had taken place in Jamaica tines his
dlegerture. He said, "I have duly received your wel-
Gnu letter of the 21st ult." This was dated the
Eft November, 1852. " It found me in low spirits. You
Mt form no conception of the depression, day by day,
'Ow on here. You have not yet been sway six months,
sad the change would alarm you. Our lower orders are
blooming daily moo reckless ; putting aside all decency:
sad vice and crime are walking the street'. Our better
duns are losing nil hope, and the aspect of things is truly
distressing." The last evidence with which he would
trouble the house on this pert of the subject—for he
thought the house would believe that evidence was not
wanting—was an official paper. It was headed " • return
of public taxes, rates, and dues lately raised or to be col-
lected for the coming year, 1852." It was a general state-
ment of the rates and taxes to be levied upon Jamaica
generally, and the first column shewed the value at which
the property of Jamaica was assessed for the purpose of tax-
ation. It gave every country and every parish, and the
result was, that in the year 1861 the rateable value of
Jamaica property, by this return, wen 9,499,7901; but the
rateable value of Jamaica property in the preceding year,
1850, was 11,566,3791. (Hear, hear.) Now, he asked the

house if he could adduce a more painful prof of tih a
rible distressin which their Imitated legislation loot in:: r•
the West India colonist', than by showing then that i:4
year the value of property in Jamaica had deer,,„..14,
wards of two millions of money, and two-. leveroli..a'ot
whole of the property of the country. The hon e „7
man said the effect of the act of 1846 ought to be g.,1114
man
five years. Ile quite agieed stall him, and thou. 1,4,,
had shown them the effect of the act in ye year'. But Z
hon. gentleman talked of unrestricted competition weir
was estoniaked to hoer such• momentary forgetful . 4,1,4
facts. Instead of five years of unreetricted compete en. t,„"'
five year. had bee n pears in which, thouah the.- hei 49
Ise et: :gnu' at
the whenw ho I et hoer
at the
ige„,er'. tt„".
!netted slave proilace to a great extent, they had ;tenni,.
less been years duriug w hich the British grower i,,,,,i,....
protected by • high, though a gradually ll..SCentliltif pew
magthtectiveodfu2tyo ;
pined
ceantt.thi
man talked of unrestricted competition, they had, in La.
• differential duty in favour of the colonial grower of lg,.'
year British muscovado sugar bad been admitted at a dr
of 10s. per cwt. (Mr. Wilson hero made a remark 0i,..,
was not heard in the gallery.) Ile legged the loon , ',.:.
uemaa's pardon ; he spoke of ono:Amt.-A cioupetit;',.,-;
' but, whether be did or not, it did net iil. 't
the fact, It was not unrestricted C001111:44;
(Hear, hear.) While British Muscovado sego, had
paid • duty of 10s. during the present year, foreieu ,n 0.,,
from the let of January to the sth of July paid d'a. el—
and now wan paying 14e. 6d. Consequently,
the British producer was protected, and had throughout the
present year been protected, by a duty kopiuuting to ex„
siderably upwards of 30 per cent. The boo. gime
spoke of adopting this policy once and fur ever. and be
boasted of the policy of 1816. Now, he must say that d
there was one thing which he had learned from his cape,
teepee in that house, it was to disavow, if note
treat with ridicule, any idea of final settlement by ene,
ment of great financial and commercial speculations. (Hear;
In meteors of indisputable principle, on great principle, 4
right and wrong they might come to a filial settlement,
but when they came to deal with matters concerning t,,,
comforts of the people, with fiscal arrangements, he maid
that final settlement was an absurdity; and what so
more, that if parliament were to attempt to arrive at too
settlement it would be binding the fleet functieas el the
legislature. Why, it wu their duty to roomier the de.
mends of the people—it was their duty to consider in these
fiscal and commercial matters what the merest of the
country snidely required. lie was not now speeloo,,,,f m
of the questions of the present day more particularly. 14
was only laying down • rile, that he thou.:lit every ,oeu
sible man, whatever his feeling mightbe, Inuit sulecrila to.
He said, they must shape their legislatiee, frum rim, te
time, as the necessities of the country requir, el, ~La ~",.
comforts of the people required. Why, was there not
enough in the procredinga of parliament on this very sui.j.ot
to make them very cautious how they embarked in keg
settlements 1 Why the noble lord, the member for Londe.,
when he proposed this measure iu 1846, expreoly rloalotoi
that he did it with a view Weansl uttlemeot—and how .41
did it last? Not two years. It was passed is Ase'ai,
1846, and it was—if he might be permitted to cola a tor
word—unfinalised in J uly, 1818. In 1804, it wu Need ttio
She legislation of 1646 was no longer tenable and his right
hoe. friend the then Chancellor of the ze E li Niue wo
obliged to come dawn to that house and propose an ine
portant modification in the bill of 1846, but the thorns,
' the very great distren which had previously existed,did me
pars away. The alteration ache law, however, hula ono
effect. Is 1848 the price had fallen to an unteunt he,:
• almost Duos it had ever been. It fell to 23.. hot per mt.
The quantity of foreign sugar retained for home consume.
• lion had risen under the new act to the enormous amountid
; 1,120,783 cwt.., and the consumption of colonial auger had
I fallen to 3,500,381 iewts. '1 he result of the change of the
l law in 1848 was to cheek this great consumption of fore ap
• sugar, and to give an encouragement to home grown
sugar. He found that in 1849 tin figures materially
• altered. The foreign sugar consumed at home smeanted te
I 496,475 carts.' while the consumption of colonial sago had
I risen to 4,034,981 cwts. But in the year 1850 this state of
, things was again changed. In 1850 the foreign mese
i retained for home consumption ruse to 820,967 cats., era
• colonial sugar fell to 3,786,000 ewes. It was in this year,
. 18.50, that the great distress of these colonies wan sena
on parliament. He joined a hon. friend of ho, no
l'or:;:l a member of this bowie, Sir Edward Buxton, is
pressing the matter on government. Ile was thea defeated,
bat he saw no reason te regret the course he then twit.
, The year 1851 passed by without any renewed effort, et.
apt that at the close of the session he himself woo:
upon the house in the strongest terms as he On
thought, and still thought, the injustice done to the
British colonists, and that they should adopt the plea
which the Chancellor of the Exchequer bad consented to
adept, namely, that the British grower sheuid he
: allowed to reties in bond. That was the only monezint
' which was male in that session. Ito now came to the
which had been pointedly commented on, and very lusey
sad—he made no complaint—by the hon. member, namely,
the notice which he himself gave at the close of the e. 4-4
of 1861, that at the commencement of the session of Nl,
ha should draw the attention of parliament to this subject,
mail press upon them the necessity of modifying the law of
1048. The hon. gentleman had stated, with perfect truth,
that at the commencement of last session he renewed Oat
, notice, and at the time when the present government caw
into office that notice was standing in the order book in la
name as • dipped notice. Atter he came into ofue he
gave explanations which the hos. gentleman had adverted
to why it wee not his intention to bring it forward last
session, and he was new prepared to say why he gave that
notice, and why he concurred in the announcement made
by her Majestj's government now. The state of thine. ss
regarded the sugar trade at the commencement of the lot
session was this: The foreign cog r entered for bone res
gumption had risen to an amount entirely without prece-
dent; it had risen to 1,21.6,041 cats., and the consumption
of British sugar bad fallen to 3,596,868 cwts. They thus
found an immense increase in the consumption of foreign
slave-grown *agar, and a simultaneous falling off in coio-
nial sugar. But that was not all. Towards the end of
1851 the price had fallen to au extremely low amouat, in
amount at that time without precedeut, and far :over
than the price which had caused such panic and
distress in 1848. In November and December of
that year, the highest price of soy week was
21s. 10,1., the lowest price 19s. Well, what took plat at
the commencement of 1852 ? Why, the prices kept taihne.
; They ranged from 22e. to 21s. in February, in the first two
weeks in March they fell to 19s. id., and in the last we
' the price was 20s. The first week in April it was h .M.,
the lowest price that sager had ever been known in thus
country. This was the state of things in which he we. pre.
pared to move in the spring of lut year. The year l'il
had been distinguished by three circumstances of the
gravest importance emanated with the sugar trade of this
worry, namely, an increase of foreign sugar, a Smelts-
aeons decrease of home-grown sugar, and a depression in
price wholly unparalleled in the history (tithe sugar trade;
and he was not ashamed to say that it was on that state of
things that he was prepared to appeal to government, and
had it not been for the change of government, which
almost deranged their proceedings, be should have
appealed to parliament to afford redress for this state of
things. But what was the state of things now? It sue
state of things which the hon. geotlemaa himself could eat
have anticipated. He most cordially wished that this state
of things ht go on. Ha found that in the tel mouthed
the year 1 ending inOctober,the British sugar catered fat
isted.
home imaseimptiou was 1,250, 168 ewe., and in the tea
months ending is October, 1842, this had risen to 3,085,21:
eats., showing an enormous
find
in
nrespwt
tiforeigumar ineresse ?
Why. And
that w
thhaet
rdetide4rehe
sugar retained for home consawiptioa in the first ten month,
of 1861 which was 1,089,723 swim. had fallen more thaw
ose-half in the first tea months of 1554, the yam•
tity than being only 480,540 cwts. The figures were e as
ettpleilLelyhadreversedinen..dleo.rel endga eager
thereimprovement in the prim, which, instead of
=l.Bs. M., as it was in the begisSing of April, bad
sten to 265. lid. in the last week in November. Well,
thew. he had no hesitation in avowing that, whatever his
hblaadd"breeeatrd i Britishsi mul-
views of the policy of 1846 and 1848 might be, that, locative
at the solemn decision of parliament on this subject—look-
ing at the extent to which the comfort of the home producer
was out of office or in office did not make the *lightest dif-
ference; but these figure. had so changed the aspect of tee
thewa s=erno f C—ohedne,moo certainly
to aly
revokecoul could not
policy. be aP4B 11'ret tag he
siseetion that he could be no party, under such Citlllol.
• 111.011110. is coming to that house to ask for s
he would
in
the protection. But, much as he o imbed it, he would c..
esessel from the hon. gentleman and the house that by go
sot sanguine with regard to the continuation of this state of
Wags. He believed there were two causes to which this state
of things might be in • Ins measure attributed—
' One was, that the crops in Cuba and Porto Rico had cot
alterably failed. Another cause he believed to be that the
• ruinously low prices in the spring of this year drove steel
the sugar from our market to the United States. The bon
gentleman might perhaps say that this world not acceust
for the increase of the British colonial sugar. Ile admitted
that; but he believed that that increase was to be aloe
buted to the fact that while the crops in Cuba and l'orto
Woo had failed, the crops in the West Indies bad been es
markably the reverse. On the other band he was mast
willing to admit, and he was glad to bear the honour-
able gentleman allude to, the energy,
the vigour,
and the good spirit which, under the most &drew
circumstances, had distinguished the British colonist.
From a return of the experts in January, 1831, and .13911.
aty, 1851, it appeared that those from Jamaica had fehre
off from upwards of 1,400,000 cwt. to 627,768 cwt. Bathe
does, however, was exporting much more ; and the exports
of Trinidad were also greater than they had been under
'Every. British Guiana, although it exported less then
during slavery, had made a great effort ; and he was williee
to upon the whole take a most favourable view of four out
of the five principal sugar producing colonies. The stets
of those colonies (namely, British Guiana, Trinidad, Barbs:
does, and Mauritius), showed that this must be regarded
mainly as • labour question. (Hear, hear.) Berbailov
was abundantly supplied with labour, and consequently it
had both greatly increased its produce and cheapened dp
rate of production. (Hear, hear.) Still he was net or"
sanguine. (The right hen. gentleman then quota a de-
spatch from Governor Iligginson, of Mauritius, who es.
pressed an opinion that owing tea combeuroe n of tartan/t,,
circumstances, and the increasing olf.reliance, et,
the planters, their hopes fur the pe resin, lit i gm,
pertly of the colony, were in the course
,(.4_
fulfilment, and he trusted would at no distant day 't
realised ; but he went on to say that he made the. endow.°
with great diffidence, for he could nut overlook the sevrr:etie
of the competition to which they were subiecteell tee,
..
to their proximity to India the colonists had been_ able le:
procure a large supply of c' olive, gnu they might by,,1.'!,,
means triumph over their difficulties. (Hear, hear.) ‘`','''..
regard to British Guiana, the planters had not taken optic
whole of the grant of 5011,0001. allotted to them, but th I

hotoien JAI, WO• • '• of it and with that eminence be hoped
' also would be able to straggle through. With tea
1.,•d Harris wrote that though his own fee
bid pneerly been avainst immigi abort, he now pe
she tn.-clues advantages resulting from the nod be mh
ally ueli.ed `.at uteler tiol it would tego=
rag that the saving et rho colony waaw be a
(Hite. bear.) Ile (•ir J. Pekin:4ton) would under ail
h or to the *etc's. They had lowered the coot of eel
0,0,,,n in Trenidad fully one third, and they bad elep
',paced wages. Fri„ the returns of the s
asuotrater, which were perhaps the most rell=
drorr on the sulifret—though every thing of this nod=
wit tee trice with great caution—the average rate of
wagons Maniac! hal beeti lute, eo (pm Is. 644=
b.; in British from 2s. 4d. to 16.4 d. ; in
from Is.ljJ.to 104. and in Jamaica from 2s. Id. leM. MAIL
The planters Widows trasaroada and had ieedsigal
'whitely. They had in fact at a very Lade esmillinge
Jena all !hey could to meet the difficulties in w Amy
weer placed. tilear, bear) Taking, then, then (Menace
able eircassidouices into consideration, and remnaboriag
also the eitraordinary change of figures which had taken
place in the sager maiket, he must repeat that this was not
th, moment at which any government could rthoeste a re-
turn to the differential *little*. (Cheers.) But still he was
far from being sanguine with regard to the state of these
colours. Its was convinced that they still required all the
~assee which the imperial and local g meats could
Rev. One of the first things required by the eolOniall was
tel obtaits labour to the utmost extent ; bat the peemisdna
to r, hose sugar in bowl was likewise an set of jambe. mg
ought to be conceded to them. (Hear, bear.) He wadi
net detain the house with any details as to the lambs la
which the proposal should be carried out, for his rigid hen.
frond (Mr. when the proper measicol alaindli ,
rise, would afford them all the necessary te-ere
boo; but It was well known that between ra
superior sugars of Cubt and Bread, the MOW'
vado ougen of the Nt est Indic*, and the mane
interior sugars of the Beat Indies, there was as great a dif-
ference in quality that, if they put an equal duty upon the
raw article, they were in Cut giving a differential duty to
the foreigner. (Hear, hear.) The proposed boon was,
therefore, not only an net of justice, but would be found to
adoid the colonial interests as important measure of relief.
(Hear, hear) lie was sorry to say that be could not quit
the subject without adverting to the dowered esd \att-
rition' mate of Jamaica, than which nothing anteM be ow
deplorable. In • despatch received from the floweitheir Mr
Charles Lirey daring the last year he found that lila planters
were half middeued by their distress and by tide
sous of ruin impending. When, therefore, theiMekelel
Beeman opposite (Mr. Wilson) spoke of the British milmbln
nit suffering distress, he (tier J. Pakington) nod sally oda
to the emphatic capressioa of • governor of lost mutest%
who spoke of them being " baltmaddesied." (Hew.)
In another plate the governor stated that the &premiss of
the plasmas therein, arising from the alteration a ear pa
hip, was becoming mere and mere pe/swat; that the
gurus of the eulogy won growing from bad to worse ;
that the revenue had long since ceased to equal a greatly
reduced esproilitors; and that the debt bad grown, is live
froes:go).0001. to 7.50,0061. (Hear, bear ) The misery
of the 'stead had beta greatly aggravated by ass of
the most dreadful vuitates that had ever bap-
weed to a country. The cholera had fallen ea the co-
lony with almost unparalleled severity. The octal Ima was
„wasted at 40.000. sad the lees of geld Made was at
hest 20,0110. The tisuiceial coadition of the Marl wee as
pod pima*. Not emly had the debilitating/ flees 1847
hem 840Ank1. te 740,0tid:. • not any Wthe ammo for
emu! yeses bees lees than the ezprallbase, bet gm IMMOIDI
maw the interest on the has from Ifle esualoy hal ma
tiro Pad; sad he was afraid that be mot prommase the
in a state of satiated ineoluthw. (Hoe; boar.)
Under these cocumetosees it wee the Weida& 4 las go-
.. roast to send oat a cumunirdower Y *sire We the
Plate 44 the Woad and repeat (Hear.) There was a Wails
&lest in the mutilation of that country, vu., the mutest
le which the MOM* MOO were brought in sad pawed.
metedlnst of being propend by the goverament, they woes
ed and sappirOd by say inember Si the legislator*.
This was • mot alarralag sane of things; and he (ger J.
?osmoses) raid met anseirs • eountry in a rare de.
press ot Alas. limb a deny sad politically. Of mane
Moe meld be is dlMsatlal dada astablethed for Jemmies
alma; cad the geouthentent had Omani resolved, as the
of gar Chula' there MIN was now approsehing its
fie•, t., wad out a eamminkteser to inquire into and
„pmt apes what reforms sad *sages would be meet likely
Maslen prosperity. Oloaq as the state limits was,
be did tot tepid it with isepair. Be believed that, with
=elhastisse. with • Jadicioas arrimpant a the
sad with dose rehouse which woes seisFsgly
=rite was reams to hope that *aides& Let
heat the rule that seemed to lizzer
wool however, tetrad the minearat he had se
oho pored epos the Isglehtlea of INS. (Chum)
Ile ilia thane* that tint
_ligbisima oat Mil
peitisteet aul rash. He did- ant mu
the
toenst• width it hail ilune to the home samiemer ; but,
as he had before recently remarked, It was salad te best-
tat oar class at the capers of another. He bed said that
with regard to the hailed intereet—oa insane width am
crag. powerful, hen ea the spas amply rapreamisil
parliament, and able to &had hi arm rights sad dams—
sad wooly7 the nook wee MAU owe applicable Ile those
hoot " who woes umisjpeolasi la tad blew and
usable tideland thmatehas. Ware hest) ga smiles
be would Noy that be appeasing his speemlea it the melt
dniaterestoi roaneise. fle bad so enmesh„ toballevar
with West In • and he appeabed he mds•
pet so:ely hum • haspsg hY daty se • pablis roam Is M.
lead the rights alga Woad which be saw im Isapt.
If the idols of the aleahm owe sassessfal, and Mho pee.
seat stay L,,... „rat shish prove persmonat, are ale
would moo siaterely ahem, ea men willingly admit lie
fat. (tlsten.) He had set he hest objection to give the
papers asked for.
-hlr. E W ART admitted the selialap of the photos, bat
they had oases from the hh• pwtl. is whisk the eels.
aiso bad been few • hapheasd seleimil ea-
wiediaely to Oar that • esomishaer was to Int seat eat m
Jamaica; fee when Malta bad beat ter • keg time la • de-
pressed •
MOM a sumethelisso bad been Nei ft Ate bland.
and time till it hog boa more 111114
Owego, sonelels tin doe ,lift=e4Leens bed MI
ma lime asap, 4 the Ilse leek Is weigh doe densiter
of British Genes web, of the if an
edgy. The able menet' Dr.l=agwalirldensfost
sedan. ied net Om than the OSIMMInt minonall
sops night" be mien. I. Gdns. lter bed dm befe.
miens& yenned te ander peenies apes IL Tionmetl
aadhaohalearossodonsporisenthasVandysteilek
nal de dens at a spilt ad
wed/ deedire the rumen sf dr issue sal=
Mk dingle pew posh). Copt*, nesblissey,_
teen owe she only swam by whisk sellef essidtala
to the Wain It was impowitde le sapaeesimillbdig
dishes tam esy secial Ist been the
e us with and sseliVihbess the we will lbs.
Was babes ; bat whet he did pelmet Nine weak fadel6lll
r yet boo. sowtississ steel boil est h the tint= kip
are haft sad eseettle that whisk bed boss minim
(Rear, hear.)
Mr. HC*A hoped that balm the been spas alma,
wind iagir gem the womb a the right plegleMen
that be tied boas wring eat delesive hive he theimisealee
ar that he woad ahem* te heath the haft at Oak
aattlement of the Wet Isis tielies. , b.Me
OIL Bass) bagel thee the dans weld he
abAuted, and ha the canna weld be timer ft depend
epos themselves. At the tams MEM wrol7thildsttpbl se• be
doss m most these. wed le rums ben done the Eakin
shish they Ines Wen& Bssurbe toes *NOW with
no pepsin el sow Mils s • Ms& (Rear,
hear) The boa. geoloosa estimed Woo that
W the lama hd net been taken up. Me (Mr. Murair), ea
the ether bird, regretted that they had oar bees talons op
Oat he the mosey bad been lavished away, and, what
was iesses this country might aver impost to see it re.
twee& The only chance As esioaim bad wee that ha
lama properties should hil late ha hods ef seer pin•
tillwho 'bend sally give few laden fog that WWI
e:thaiwoods.
tit J. YAKINOTON esplaised, that be had ass the
kiwi Westin is attempt the awe's( of the mine
oftelionsee. Ines ha had said shwa lenity wee spa
is chosen eelsoldis of see heady to nun One
tandem_ hy_lbe lens et thin =
Mr.IIOTTAT NOM sibethse the Cheseadcw of the
lairelese beaded the vellosing I. bead on intend be
Mast se well SS MINN gape, and whether it woe to beeshralp ry or elesel
bad IfTAXLET odd lbet the inediess offllo wen ef gnat bessennee. god weall diabase be
auwersd by his right hon. fried (the Chineoller of the
kieboins, who was ablest) orbs the !AO" should ems
before to hoer. Ho Oho mho led) bad se win se pee-
ing this debate, which appeared to be regilly dyies
wool death. bat there IPSO IMMO WM* disenfessy- a the
Two, of hos. pietism"; es the sum side. The bee. SEW
b r fir Westbury (Mr. Wes* W 4poise
that tb- west undies issue woos met iring a. 5.
lowarthately aterirewlsirsib. boa. 1111011111111 arose, we
the same side, admitted their 111111Niftend aseribed
tom to a great social Alto T. Om his
vist. or Matron (Mr. ) dad. by wgl
of cossolauen, that the oxides glass of —5
saw be warmly reSend aselber. He (LorTria;loy
toad etateon reply I. the eleseestioes which bed Was
144'k by hoe.gea Ow shish he should have
thossht, ion ef the pawns.) di
•• quite unaeausary far btlicito
.11101
sealemeat el 1546, as medified by that 18411,wes"ViUM
by tomes • gal see, and that r(by hd wow we is-
Infra wkatome te roineses a system of didoesstiel dslin
by 4 gaol magno he did at mom that it we set b•
e"'ell`str i het as power could helm tie legislature of •
bar 'Matey Is adopt • compaleory piny for all time to
mu. At the same time there was not As slightest intes-
tine ea the pert of govenneest of indotheing in say en, is
debug that didarestial duty whisk was sow abost to en-
(Hear, hoc) Tensaw %sake then simonises..
mkl not look ea this mho, or the debate OD whisk
it kid loran rim, se bees lag plastically ea say pal* white
• ie Now about to be adopted. It was abbot Min MI
less thug a challenge-6 fair *ballotage—hie', thrown sat
to members ea the government side of the house. The M.
atklaaa said, Is effect—. Yoe were wrong in the view
pm took of the act of 11616, and we were right ; wad new
lea ed. epos you to admit the fact that you
were la error." If it were really made a charge
town them (the government) that they did
not fens the very first moment of the pain
ut lb. art of 1616 setmit it to be a final settlement, tre deg
veeteciee to the proven'y of the colonies, that was ea fop
under which they might very well he mating
I" " that censure attached set only to them sad Me
• ho habitually voted with them, but it washed
.rood) to that great statesman whom it was
aiot to recognise as the real if not the nominal =

of the eat of 1846. It would not be disputed that Sir
Robert Peel practically tarried that sot through the house ;
fur had he and his supporters opposed it, the government
of the day would nut hive been able to carry it. While
supportiag that measure, Sir R. Peel distiectly declared
that he entertained serious apprehensions as to what its
contequencee right be,and that the only thing which indirect
him to support it was, the political consideration how far
its passing or its rejection would affect the state of parties;
thus preferring a less claim to a greater, • leas important
to a more important interest. Taking the act of 1818, in
connexion with previous acts, he would be a bold man who
would soy that that policy had been otherwise than unjust.
lie did tot deny that he had entertained expectations as to
the evils of the act of 1816, which had not been realised.
But looking at that measure, not as it was seen now by
the light of experience' but as it appeareu then, be con-
tended that it was rash and unjust. Mr. Wilson had made
rather light of the alleged distresses of the West India
plaaters; but the report of a local commission of inquiry
issued by the Governor of British Guiana in MO, spoke
of the wholesale abandonment of property,and the disappear.
are of all marks of civilisation as results of the legislation
of 1816. Statistics furnished by that eimmiision showed that
42,000 out of 80,000 of the inhabitants only were producers,
and of these 20,000 had sinew emigrated, leaving only little
more than 24.1,01/0 engaged in productive labour. Ho ad-
mitted that in the last 12 or 14 months there was a mar-
death's improvement ; still be mast deny the pro-
position that there was so each thing r ge-
neral distress. The ttatmemat of the Govern* of
Jamaica, which hail been read, as the last day of last year,
proved that gnat distress still 'elated; and so late as
August last, he stated that the revises did not meet to
',labile expenditure, though it had bees reduced one-third.
Where the wades of labour were not exorbitant, he ad-'
milted that the colonies were more prosperous than they
had been for years past. To re-impose • differential duty,
so at to benefit the colonies that were suffering, was • po-
laical impossibility. (Hear, hear.) There had been a most
gratifying ehenge in the last few months, arising out of the
suppression of the Brazilian slave trade; that trade was
sow utterly extinguished; ami there was • prospect of free
labour being employed also ia Cuba, by the importation of
Chinese. lanould this be the case, the prosperity of our
West India colonies would be greedy increased. Ile hoped
this was the last time ea which the Dupe duties would be
discussed in that house.

The sloJoe was then agreed to.
THY YARMOUTH PRTITION.
Mr. M. GIBSON peassold a petition from the gentle-
st's who bad ipedi L. assn is the petition of
Mr. 11•Callegit spirt the nenbeis he Great Yar-
mouth. etating ihell they hey had brad them-
selves by the eassgadmasse hey had dyad, segrotting that
Ids Infinille bad her desired hesisisat. eat raying the
here to retire the piers. _.der whirl they laboured,
sad is take horn he eseesalieg that renerees k Oaten.
The eight hea. -airman-
oaf/he read se mil the Wea-
ken of he here le he pair press by Mr. KT al-
b*, who skim' se have been sired hr Onftt Yer-
, meth, aad ilhaated the retain. (The right hoe.
IC=end the pram, whisk hes bees parr with
Me did an ask the beer form the hob
des of the ranker of reingsiesser er te pan soy
ephiles se ter validity, or in any way to it amour% of
=He woe well aware that the daisies of
rw k these scans was anal and we-
dgies. Mk rhea 111111 N this that, on the face of these
desarelasse bed urn which rendered it
marr
aseaseysibsay t primer te ameher whether
which it night not
tar smead Vie ender est lOW proceed-
*. mess Mesa is whores N the teal of skeins petit ions
The ram ef the deshiss was, that the words
makes" wen and knead of aittias glelliber." On
he sere day the ensnarer bad misted that • arils
eessoaloebesee, is tibia the ere " erne sessssers bait' wen
used, was elis Bat, hi hors
takes is the sass rrelderisa Gent Tasementli, hethe hear that that
objertios was valid, rml leseellere fatal le say farther pre
ridings with the pudiis. as did Mena N rivet, la
the shaken engem apes thesaiiasesfaaswhere*i trie
Soak he had osiserarod N &Ow hi (sty ends*
basely, Is shiner N what he bdiseed Nbe the rosttr
nests of the set of parliament. use he Giber)
halt with the set itself, sad Ga that that it shield
M rawded. Yetitiosers writ but *sod la •
greet diMeeky if there woe ae pewee of mesas,
toren/1 Akers. to reeegeisesess In thisAkers. Nee
the wither bad hand his readss ; nobody soatesikd
for a nesange that they were est geed sad sateitarial
earoties, as( ef isadeshildeg atl he liabilities 'IF
%aired by We eh The fah dare of the sot gar the has
of lb* norgeksee, and whisk " With ash altscatier as
easy be asessery to adept web hen to the eireeerress
of
orb sae." demi, *prat that the ass esstenplased
seeenry allreekes Thar eight N bar her a power
k est to seable esealaw mead, sad to sell ea
• weed... N riga She sermaled has, hat they night
still be hide hr asp W the &shin MIA again the...
The ankh he had N emboli wee k the feliewieg tern
" That a Meet sennittee be sparked to brake ken the
operatios of the U & 12 Yrs. esp. 98, us regards new
arra. sad N men their spikes N the hors whether
it is milked 1. sneer dek taL'" The 14 days laving
ezpueC it was est el Kr. 111,01kalfs power to preen* a
as w perks. Antradeithieleale la this ease was, hie
the hearizaemlei,de ar Was at ea eines persi
thee the daps arias el the
public(r. his asks, =re
grep li= hat tesheisalides right set be.
allowed to is the wig *flush,. *
it,. fill enessied the nestira.
Mr. WALPOLI sail be was glad the hair Was sot in
esahresity with the pryer of the peak risk asked the
here to interer with what the reaskise bed der. Year
yams age the spires of the hose hod bra 'wens&
rrthis, and fa • ssiserieek ast it was porly pro.
that the daisies of the kinks/ spin the moos.
aliases shesid be hal sad andbmies Irk being Ile
lies het hies hr thedua. de *add be to aro
whit W libel se masa le Mahal. The hos.
keillemee add Oat a bed boos node the
crestabetweee the Oreet Tures* epee sad the
rase ; but is the latter, the **CUM OM,
was rind ; ormesently, he maks had so rpm*
sky of Ohio as spires use wee sir the ether. When
the Oyer Teems* ere ears oh the is for he
sitting reark
mirs leek the eijoilka, sad he meaner
derided e the saasisay et the recialsares. It
self then kr set bees the regular three
ilwaa;s• nada. U. heel thee tries was given
es the Maltse, sad the ease was hued es the
MIL This he hr. genders bad einethed a
row dierelles set human his hear os the prayer
WIN pledge. He asked he a salsa areellies i and die
gernmethel iseehresks le rob a ereseillise this!.
Mr es Kan ere • pauut haey sheiks
Ci rillistaht I baker IS eft Meappolstaset of soe•
Laos aha days,. ether Klindase might arise
es she pithier whisk sight eke be 'sherd N the ems
sehrklee. The esonallis• wield
a have N seridor
Werke messieurs ad& est seheleshep aft par-
gesekkhenail as well as to draw • asilsa boners
ilnametelleseiess Led theiejawkith wet L.stiligsaissabLir
;en= as armee Zorn N wreara the leek se es te
Wird the rigid* essuity N the sitting sambas.

Akar a A; midi area Sir H. Wu.iovuW and Mr.
Otis maim wee speed to.
Oa tie =seism et Sir R. Ww.otrozirt Om Minds(
=Wm ese isissadl i—Cispy et say lahmelisa did =a he
=label by the it= Law Asia, es la mast out V the
peer a= te miMisa ea the paid 'lbis. eat et Mork"
et ist aid of yeses ; the mands= of sash
sad the amen= of enslt relit, is say et Me salons =-
LS-
lead sad Weirs.
SELECT COMMIT= ON RAILWAYS.
Mr. RUNLET aeatiseted tbe Mowing asesabere as a
*sleet emleittee • railways :—Mr. Henley, Mr. Hasse,
Mr. W. Olaistess, Mr. Le=maimmlb Mr. Strati, Mr. W.
Patten, Calomel Mess, Ompleim Joaarls. Deed's, Mr.
M. Milan, Mr. R. Dst= ea Kr.
Mr. J. ILSOORROOR aisipielmed that** railway tater-
est writes selleisatly nipseueled, sad suggested Wad
Atka et die awe( Mr. R. Sasphenses.
Mr. FRIWIN Mamma la the segreedsa

Kr. RINI= bag as 'Weiss to 'ay allillia
would wed or gwissle tb• *Wit foe wkidi Os somodese
WI, WOW.
Ur. HINDLIBT weld Whoa duo ommittes we=
betty Irispeu~ thiogmit* rm.
aim •
Mat %West ins Ole

Kr. BRACH inland the swingboat Ise having svw
pled with Ms linorimat twonia._ dad int Wet ho as Wet
that It 1111•11 prow toesiolol to OD palls at lapis.
Yr. KUNTZ ow sits tha latowst Weald
Ibe wpssially ropmaciaL A aim= Of • railway eon•
pay aught bo nogisodi sad ell ibe loess wasted Wis
ammo NUS.
at H. WILLOUGHBY did wit ass why railway saw
sates should at la In ammitioo.

Kr. J. KAOOIIIOOII bed so witikto proothiosontotioa
Of limit the some aft lbws.
TM voodoo woo this ogrood to; sad Um bows wtjoursod
at 9 VAN&

Amuctriseset. Plan' MIT T.-06 Weboodey tbe
Rater Chriams Coda Pair wee AM. At tbis kir am
Ilillally a hop amber d igebiskellelb free wises
=die adebbsuelmsd, sad .tries Omsk 'lmp ex.
Os the pont esseila tan a hip supply
11ti.290‘11 =Auk awl aid* Woo wig Isms. PrW•
wore /rat-nas. Iwo peim bee WA N. mg is. Its. per
20 lbs. wee gins. • Ist at priss Ise* Dow *sop sold
at 110. per lb. ease lie Notate rata whisk pee
preiteted would IQ west lie lumen by the free trade
-11110111111.

CHANGE FOR A SUILLIMO IT TILIOSATIII.--441ffi
week (says Gefignani) se a pais/ogee ins peas( We*
Cha.elleraolt is the railway train, be bought for two haw
a knife from a rase who was offering Ysleloa of cutlery be
sale at dee stades. Ile smve a piety of he bases
be it, hut lame be got his dime the bait was i Ts
ethba=ess is his earrimp NMI him IS his asap
ems went the hail\ of eaphortbe wide
trearessies wee a Eisner erfaarmerares maimmaa
end dm assims-drarer. When, Ole rein *mold
at the dbisa et Les Ovum a oink am wet and booked
wise Ind lout a knife at Cliemsburefals, awl @et mesioso
hie shou s. deeksbg dim it wee he, the
clack boded him $ hues., ebbe b dud elect kering bees
forwarried_hy the eleetrie teleimph.
Tire WARIIINOTON STEAMER, which left South-
ampton on Wednesday with the United States mail, has
been obliged to pot hack in consequence of encountering •
heavy sea off Portland, which store in her upper deck. It
is expected that the will start again on Saturday.

CLERICAL, MEDICAL, and GENERAL LIFE
alauaastat POCIST Y.
The Aimed why MN la .of We of die world, without extra
okatini, ad b all moil payment of a mall eatra premium.
The Midi AIN at divisible he Were AIDOIII eberebnl.lare
being wow pgeohlel wittiest eggreatents on the amount sade by
the r.p leadmeen, the AedUltaD will betsfter den'. all the Woe-
ltMelimimerte keen a Muted Mee, with, at the .ano use, eumplet,
11•111113 lose ltaleaq, weed b run. of ..0 ample hvyri• wry
opiu eenaWateg in I!aMOM ogee all the advantage. of both
1101401811 have be.. dedwed; at the tad, In lannarn Mt,
tae sem of Mil,.
_IIS wee added to the ralitiell, products' a Borne
'aryls. with the ARNO age. teen NI to 35 par eent n the Pre.
slam. paid =lie live yews, or from ,C 3 b.re £l2 10.. per lit.
ma the dm ant nod hear, Mimes may be either
retiree' is seek er espied at the spies or be wowed to may other
On Mies kw the whie of 11k. we belt of the karma Pfeealtime
teethe Sri Ire wen wig noels ali.s I. bad pm Mee eittimir
w a deli ea the Maori wry he pill Wet my bulb
Mime yid thirty &we ebw prance vied. ad ell Mies we la-
Mt%IMM leaner of traeL
LLVO Ite may be reared at rates peopordened be the La.
meadrid.

—The isms=
elliAlle par I
IN
IN ilOllll4ll te 8130,000,m
the losomi mode =NM.
thabeeeleoefl Mob aro at all time opts to the fa.
eputio of the SAISIM, a Id way ;woe who soy &etre to owe.
Table. of Yee. VMI of ?rope, too be °warned of say of
the loistre hipeloaor
N. PINOILUID. tee Oierebry.
18.0Nall liffotellkfme. Illiaaribem Larks.

Onatui.

TO CORRESPONORNTB.

sewed [dines .t" liapros," meSebiag tbe awns arsine.
( smite," is published every troday sad Maly Split, in drat
kr port.
vivertresteststuteaded for" The Isprees,.tosles Events' paw,
least Met the (lee, to, Bouverie•etrese, by Two Velook or the
ley of palisades.

NIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tyro Ma—Kornis& O. 41s- .--../Lbinscs. lb. law.
Taimanit—lbanhisr. lb. Ma. -......A1tirb005. lb. IN.

LONDON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 10.
Ler us endeavour to r=itulee and sum up the
blunder. of • Budget w • for grave and serious
defects ;is perhaps unparalleled, since political
science simplified the theory and rectified the
practice of ;National Finance. First of all, this
Budget &ends against the great fundamental prin-
ciple of equality of taxation. It does so, in the
reduction of the duty on malt ; it does so is the altere-
d= of the Income fax • it does so in the Increase of
the House Tax. Next, it impugns the principle of
raking large sums from sources lightly aa=ng the
condition of the bulk of the people. This it does
in throwing away two millions end a half of the
revenue from malt, against which no single con-
sumer of beer has ever raised an audible murmur.
Thirdly, it disregards all considerations of the cwt of
collection. This it does, by only reducing, instead of
wholly repealing, the Malt and Hy Tame ; and by
keeping up for half their produce the army of excise
now required to collect the whole. Fourthly, it
raises grave doubts as to the preservation of good faith
with the national creditor; by making distinctions be-
tween the quality of other property and the funds
as objects of taxation. Fifthly, on reimposing
on income, it unjustly favours the clergy, the
and the Irish landowners. And sixthly, it intro•
duo's, for the first time, into Meath% eonsideratione
of a purely political character, by owing indium
siesta for poor men to abandon the seam* rather
thin pay an unnecessary tax.
, And that word, ' unneereary,"in truth generalises
its whole character. It is an unseemlier, Badge ;
unnecessary. in point of time; unnecemmy in point
of any principle to be established; inoseeseary
as to any relief to be given; ,museammry
as to any financial mahout-anent to be got
rid GE As an exposition of 'scribal views
and pelisy, it is an agglomeration of sailigseted am-
Naos, unsettling everything, and media !Abler i
as a pmestinal measure of " psesellea "itis a
mockery mid a delusion; as assTire* sod compre-
hends* mime, it is aa imitatioa of, and a miserable
*pietism hent, Bir 11031:la Pea. The rely thing
on meth it really and truly resemble. is a ti Famish
ellapedride, in which there is dropped a little of
all sorts, until a general mesa is rdeacd, sure to
disagree with the stomachs of every properly-fed
human being.
Nor is this at all surprising. From thefirst the CHAN-
CELLOR of the EXCHEQUER has never been in a
tor(even if he had the capacity) to prepare an
Badget. For be bad led hisato exEte
resells from his Seance that me But
t
amid realise. Hence, compelled to in
all the hoe= poem of Mod taxadea 'with which out
of office he used to perform, like HUM &Kim, before
the glass curtain of Protection—he hoboes forced by
a mom of ahem and Witty to tram lie tricks to
the Malt Tax. And there lies the Gmeassabd
vice,—the irremediable blander—GM while filhoote.
For , since taxes began to phew astioss,
did a Finance Minister ever before pesplas to throw
away two millions sad a half of Ism shosefelly
paid, cosily millested, and 110t* Yt revants. The
notion that a tax of 2s. 7d. a bush* depress, the
cultivation of barley in a cemstry when the
growers have a may of sada.
the consomptioa is ensemsusighliWCansing,
--and trees which the demand he the =lt
beer cannot be met by the supply
—is certainly the Omit this air dreamt
even by a Hebrew author. Bo for from
this being the cam, the growth of barley in this
roan
try is rapidly introming. Wheat thin, the pro-
duction of bai*,—fieataltUngot inalk—fhemanufac-
tare of beer,—the hems seesemptha and the foreign
=ported= of beer ere lB inmessimr, it is nothing
abort of hand the 'met &rime, or 'gammas the mast
mpashemibis, to ask Parliament to repeal half the
Amy en salt hr the mike either of the consumer of
hewer the grower elherley.
1711 est pea war hop rudely exclaimed, twa-
in to Yen Trade bombes, when he made
Utia ptorOINSO. Peer elan t be_ only tested his own
incepts:my, and impend his financral shallowness.
For the berly pewees are sot, as be was all along
amazing, expend to "unrestricted competition.
They are, m to malt, still a protected, say, actually
a inenopelletilanh• Thus, to them at Lest, the to
perm ergamsat of unrestricted competition does
not yet apply; and is Mr. Disamtas lips it was
sad as a vulgar pares sear, not as an earnest
truthful appeal to ineerity.
Equally flimsy eme the mimosa under which he
distributes the reinetisa of the tea daty over ix
years. To enable the peer man to reap say advan-
tage from a zedesthaaf thieUty, he meet at once
seises the oml. spud. Per ths PM by tle by
emboss ; sad nibs, the seinstisa la prise is a half-
way ea sense, the rtast the oememar of that
.shas, the Jes. • Redeem the daty le
that exteewlablisavisgse egoistic ofa sewed
of tea the kastattos ail midi pathos* tics a pseud
of good, ileigh iesres eager. had est mould
Malin him-mthee toad be a hem /Mt as t U-
ntied of eeseiliesisi bow the poor tuft will be
sleeted, the " wondmeas ma of ABAJI. hes been is-
le= Mks way be ailbsted_hy the sheep
aid too brig, the Ibilisb maim et Sib
Chimes mph* ; atl7llo Pow, not Ohm the plough-
man or llom the weaver, terns the slam and
eecaresthe led somikaass et Mr. Dumas&
-

In the one erne et lair dialog—Fir et the
laterals et Wary as may are the exlembsos
et lie hems Tax and the Ileosesztti Filmes is,
dal stisoele, serelally mai ly • MUM-
dna smiessel it know waist wol utterly reposes,
thrhslAiais
ea breed to their extreme I
ream: they sevor as be
ratable, wens they are sore to be o
reran. There is no sash
esaa thing aa an absolutely
to jostles is
Let thetax ea
w risat it taxpayers will permit.
To tax ruisMsee--tbit is, the very means of
exiserisee-4 to diminish pro unto the elements of
human 11116 And that is what Mr. Themtem would
do by cooMmating, through the agency of a new pro-
taxy' running down to SOL a year. The principle of
Sir Roam Pm. was not to tax mere subsistence,
but to allow to all the means of living before the tax
on bloom was applicable. Above all, not to tax
wages directly, when already they were taxed so
heavily Indirectly. But by lowering the amount of
income taxable to 1001. a year, Mr. Dunineu will
include, for example, all the pitmen of Durham and
Northumberland. How can -he levy on them, and
their fortnightly wages, this tax" Will they not
map their black fingers at his dapper assessors and
ealtecton ; and will he not be compelled to give them
exemption P But, they exempt, with what justice
saw he mulct the poor clerk, the hard worked starve-
)* curate, and all the other struggling classes, who
strew out of this world's hardness a pittance 011001.