The Express.
London, England, 1862-01-06 00:00:00

TEE SPECIAL SUNDAY EVENING SERVICES.

RUSSIA AND THE TRENT AFFAIR.
ET. PETERSBURG, J'Ax. 3.
It is reported that at the commencement of the
difficulty between England and America Russia
employed all her influence in favour of peace, and
has recently taken fresh steps to the same end. The
Russian government has communicated to the Great
Powers all the reports which it has received from
its minister at Washington.

The special minion at Mt. were hat event-
beg reeemed fee the minter. Thee van • large attendee.'" ;
sad hug before MOM Me wish of the agree whisk he.
his. fitted up 4th 11811111111Mallilia d winbipplie wee
occupied. Isakelltes lie "heir. wild; wee several hembeil
Aron. sad wee war the alredien ef Mr. Harry Derided.
not lees ties MOO pawns woe present. Mr. Geis pro-
dded at the ens fa The payees wee hissed by the Rev.
J. T. Tam* mime ems ; sad the VORPOONS WOO Mai to
the ordirarry phis rag, with the harmonies In daily nee at
81. Peale. Ties sievies, it may be remarked, was of
axeswkat saw& shmseter. LAM eight was Epiphany
me. bet 111 r. Penh said the collect for Circumeirioo ; and
the anthem, defined to the sad of the prayers, wee NO fair
Obeisimae, " Behold 1 beig you good tidier
After the third sollect &shop Heber's
y hymn, " Brightest sad best of the eons
morning, " was Nang to the beautiful wailing melody
to whada it is en in Mr. Mesensis beak. The pealing and
'Natasha ewe gime to Aniline doable shoats; sad the
whole of the mewls wee Ms* primes& Tim ammo was
preached by the Bishepaf who task Lie text from Job
sib 9, 10, " Wle karma; rd in all these that the band of
the bowl bath wrought thie ? ie wham band la the soul of
every lichg OW, sad the breath of all mankind. ^

TURIN, JAL 5.

Yesterday wades Faater•hall was throws epee for the Aid
al • series of sery i
e L
ices, to be coediacted by elergyann of the
Aura eifyiira The hall wee Ira Iliad, chiefly by
worlds, The ikny nvie, wee sed, and selected
putter el IMO nod, eller wink • semen was
preashed by Bov. Alward Garbutt. KA., isearebein
of It. Dinthelisnew's Leh, Gray's lespreed. The service
Next linedity evade, Ida he eandoend by the Rev. E G.
Arnold, M.A., reeler et Ikepletee, mar Hertford. At. Mar.
ale's Hall wee opined kw • religious service for wesitiog
people, who docked then le pee* Bombers. The senses
was conducted ad • News prinked by the Rev.=
Movie N.A.. of Wereseke Gellege, Orford. A
service ind hew hat at wide\ • serumn was preached by
the Rev. Dr. Hugh Alen, reeler et fit Nap the Martyr,
Southwark. Beth peedenee rekerni is appreprieln wren
to the reskuiehely aeatiset whisk esserred at the .bell ea
Friday. At Bt. Jesses's Hall there were two services, isle
ereducted by the Rev. J. B. Wilsee, and the other the
Rev. Newnan HA LL.B., mishits, et Olney At
the Britannia Theatre, Heztas, then wee ea
The MOM was preached by lie Bee.. Dr.
lisiZhilLininleter a the ladspeadmit deseranatiels., Iwo
Niel se4lces were dm held het eight at the Blenked Thus.
I tire. Sbendlieli ,• the Peellles Tdoseln, Maiverpelevad;
Idler's-was Thane% and Mee Vieterts.

gior Omni% or
vaarrir CXVila olijimpo-
sor._gu—Y=l. Alisrames am*
sinhiali ileirise trig jahtokeirriget
T. Chibillaird Nair. Tr ladka z

Guy liamiewso Moor% •Ibmireau,
Boyers Oman mg brimionsl saltildirsgsk is
10. sing IL Um isms will *ppm kg igs.ging
Lastige mobls Mgr loft Mess Lisd ; Pangs gagl
Signor old nalliolge is aseggse aad e.. salsa

.10

._ ... ,

General Halleck, the present commander of the
Federal troops in Missouri, in his work on " Mili-
tary Art," points out that the Lake Champlain line
is the mast direct, most feasible, and most decisive
Ilse which can be pursued in offensive operations
against Cicada. A sucosseful advance from Albany,
hi Nevi York State, in this direction on Montreal
weal& deetroy the commaaication of the western
province with Quebec, sad consequently with Eng-
land. The distance to be traversed is only about
700 tulles. " There is good water communication
the whole distance for the transportation of stores,
sad there are several woods on each aide all con-
esatraling on the line indicated within American
territory." So says the authority quoted. There
is another point that mut not be overlooked. Both
banks of the Si, Lawrence belong to us until a
Point ilearlP Weide Corowall, *pea the Canadian
shore, is gained. The elver boss Montreal pest Corn-
wallis little better than seneesesion of rapids. Eight
finals have been oosetructed by means of which
vessels are enabled to pen Ibliddsapkili ; het being
in close proximity to the Ateelieme shore, we may
expect they would soon be deeeterid. Comticu-
nication between the upper lakes anil the seaboard
would then be cut off, if it were not for the Rideau
Canal. This work commences at Kingston, on
es thetrihriO, pima in • nettlbeastarly direction
until it joins the river Ottawa. The Ottawa
flows to the south-east, and enters the St. Lawrence
at MontreaL Thus, while Kingston and Montreal
are iu our possession, means of rapid com-
munication exist. Kingston is fortified sufficiently
to prevent the Americana attacking it, for
some time to oome at any rate. But Montreal is
in that respect badly off. A battery in the island
of St. Helen's, to the south-east of the city, MD.
mauls the inner channel, but ft is' of uo great
strength. The heights behind Montreal may, I
believe, be made to add considerably to its powers
of defence. We expect to hear in a day or two of
the arrival of heavy guns from Quebec, and there
is plenty of labour at command to throw up what-
ever intrenchmente General Williams may consider
necessary, and there will be no lack of men for
defence. The only want will be lack of drill and
experience ; and that, if the American, give as a
few months to prepare, will be speedily remedied.
By looking at the map you will perceive that if
the Americans poems maned concentrating forces
upon the Lake Champlain line, neither are we very
deficient. The Grand Trunk Railway, from Point
Levi, opposite Quebec, runs in a south-westerly
direction to Richmond, where it meets a line coming
direct from Montreal. Richmond is a point near
the American frontier, and on the route General
Halleck proposes to pursue.
That the Montreal district will be the theatre of
the principal operationOn case of war, there is
little doubt, but that Upper Canada will be at-
tacked is as certain. Experience has proved that
the most important point for defence is the Niagara
frontier. According to Sir Archibald Alison, the
Duke of Wellington has esearded it as his opinion
that the best-laid pleas for the defence of the pro-
vince must fail if the Americans gain control of the
lakes. But, indeed,. there need come no ghost
trom the grave to tell ns that. With
Eris, Ontario, and Huron in our possession,
the must the enemy dare do would be
to attack on the Niagara frontier, but they dare
not advance far inland, as their communications
would be exposed to attack. Now our means for
fitting out a fleet for the inland waters are very
limited, compared with those of the Americans.
, as I have already remarked, is fortified,
and navy yard is protected by the guns. There
are some shipbuilders there, and foundries, and
eratchine shops, capable of turning out marine
laegines to a limited extent. Skilled shipbuilders
might be procured from Quebec. Other places
where ships might be built are altogether unforti-
Rod and open to attack. Collingwood, on the
i Georgian Bay, a portion of Lake Huron, is an im-
portant strategical point It.was viaited a few days
ago by General Williams and several engineesotheers,
and sites for future forts werestaked off. It is in com-
munication with Toronto by rail, so that guns
from Quebec can readily be sent to it. Vessels
can be built there, but the facilities are very
limited. Lake Erie is connected with Lake On-
tario by the Welland Canal. The width of the
looks is twenty-six and a-half feet ; the length be-
tween the pace, 150 feet ; the depth of
water ou the mitre sills eight and a half feet. The
Ti .—Quienrox.—Mar limo AT PAD- lamest vessel that ever pawed through was about
ulle=r4 ev.
wastsda art° arialLecejet 14%,t°2111Tpicbcaurtbne. built ; but he nplley, is Aienrce
Hall,uldrissweesin,_ !MT as address from Mt. Wallies- tied. You may depend upon this, however—if the
I'm' "1".• "1 lrwas uww Pawalwli with Await& At time has indeed come when we must prepare far
etasks "dram a illimmai t° Earl Rumblii la &knee, there will be no lack of willing beads'
Imam&Mission
Tun VioreatA pientlizsespewl a.emei„..o, g,Lturd„,y to throw up whatever works are necessary
stresses Min smidgen pro sas at um, 'Vie. in any portion of the province. Our sue-
teen hen ea esternienat at bee neidesee, and ems would depend upon the speed with
rime wlm•Simee le en/ One aperselises who lad awn which the home government, on the opening of the
imenamotalmuelleento amasdiedellie Peet Pero;homegAllee Pikellea....iisa
„woo savigatioe, forwarded gunboats, together with the
eigtothle eta/how se the met ammo imeisi,--se el lb, iINISUR of arming those vessels we ourselves build
imminent eineseeni to Imo um the Aim is 1 and the works we may erect. Of course, no"
the liaa.attlit _timed dumb ePernmene. Fish. Miss American vassals will be allowed to pass up the
`"''" "."'" of the limlo" alVm emlnend WlMlm St. Lawrence while Qaelies is in *niobium
asbadiaaaesq tallihainabielimoread the 411" bad "1" . Toronto, from whisk place I now write, isit most
all the ' to abs al atria. defoneelema pines ;Ow herbour is formed by a strip
i ttrsod en to net eeattheed a etweektet hem. of nand-bank scarcely fifty yards wide ;it is ap-
i.Piellat—millat might he wilisime le chtatiAliem praschad by a nersoir atonal, now commended'
1 a 'treaded. hat vita emit tome nein them ea hem* bY a battery of ten 1111-poondeve, erected a few I
~ to the. toshom Jim byl edeete4. The
.1 Victoria Wt. Nee enaisi Us tbe biewilorth=
1 hat been se rest therthe Gm hobo hie ssd to wow , Kneed outside' the bank—or island, as the
ri &Vs se° by the Nth Regiment ; but vessels ste-
-1 the eaten. met aliellellibil Fabius vie robin the I people here call it—might readily shell Ihe
• .eeesed theemoodok: : .-- . ... . est'', as the album h not more than two nibs, and

Fiore London to Port Stanley, on Lake Erie,
24 ; London to Wiadeor, on the Detroit
frontier, by Great Western Railway, 110 mike ;
from London to Port Sarnia, on the Detroit frontier,.
per Grand Trunk Railway, 81 miles ; from London
to Port Sarnia, on the Detroit frontier,.per (Raab
Western Railway, ill mike ; from London to
Go4trioh, on Lake Huron, north of Port Sarnia,
Pr.. Grind
miles Trunk and Buffalo and Lake lbws
Railway, 06 .
These are the connections of London with the
welt lied south. Its connections with the era
and swath-aid are equally efficient.
Flom London to Niagara Falls, per Greet Wee-.1
ern Railway, 119 miles ; from London to Forklike,
on the Naai, frontier opposite Buffalo, per Otiad
Trunk and Bask and Lake Huron, 725 miles ;
from London to Termite, on Lake Ontario, per
Grand Trunk Railway, LID miles ; from London to
Toronto, wr Grand Trunk Railway, 100 miles ;
from lem&ii to Hamilton, on Lake Work, by the
lime last mentioned, about 80 miles.
London, thee, from the facilities it affords of
conveying troops to any point on the frontier which
may be menaced, will probably be selected as a
point d'appui. The Royal Canadian Rifles, 1,000
strong, are now there, and there is barrack &mom-
modstion for many mom.
Our militia system, whisk was no much pulled by
Sir Allen whoa Welly lhighton,
is not good for much. The whole force of the volun-
teer companies in Canada doe. not amount to four
thousand men. By the militia law the Governor ,
has power to call out all able-bodied men between
eighteen and misty years ; those between forty-five
and sixty forming the emerge. The spirit manifested
Pins the reouipt of AL ottr news is most amdlant.
The whole peoplaime ready to spring to alma. In
Toronto. the Trinity College students (an spiscopm
lien establiahmeut for the education of men
to the ministry) have formed a company.
Four hundred men employed on the Grand
Trunk Railway are awaiting rifles from Quebec.
The Great Weaken employes in Hamilton
are also organising. The lawyers, the meraltants,
the tailors, the students of University College (a
provincial unsectarian establishment), the firemen,
the mechanics, are all preparing. Even the mem-
ber of the City Council, together with the servants
of the corporation, hem taken steps to form a som-
pan,. The movement has not yet spread to the
agricultural districts, time enough has not elapsed,
but in a few days they will be equally enthmuastio..
There is • great want of competent officers ; and
we look to England to supply us, I will
leave it to you to point out who are the
men best caloakted to organise a militia
If we are to some to blows, it appears to toe there
is a splendid opportunity for many men in the
"old country" to get couunisaiona and promotion,
which they cannot hope for in the regular army.
The Official Gazette issued at Quebec (our present
seat of government) on Monday, states that voluo-
teen will be provided with drill senpiaate, free of
4by applying to General Williams.
expense,
some half-doeen foundries in Toronto
capable, of turning out about 40 tons of castings
per day. But here again we are baulked, for we
depend upon the Americans for pig-iron, and our
stock is very small. We have a krge rolling mill
here, whisk with a little alteration might be
adaptedi to the manufacture of iron plates for
meek, But there in nothing to prevent the Yan-
kees pitching a few bomb-sheik into it to-morrow
if they please, as it is (dose upon the edge of the
lake.
With this rapid and incomplete summary of facts
I close for the present Before the next mail our
provincial government will iirobably have taken
some definite 'oakum, and we shall know more of the
intentions of the Washington cabinet. Most
people here expect that our parliament will be
called together for the Ist of January.; but for what
purpose your correspondent does not very
clearly see.