The Express.
London, England, 1852-09-13 00:00:00

THE UNITED STATES.

AItRIVAL OF THE CANADA.
LIVERPOOL, SATUXDAY Evairixo.
At half-past six this evening the royal mail steam
ship Canada, Captain Lang, arrived in the Mersey,
from Boston and Halifax, which former port she left
on the Ist instant, and Ilalifax on the morning of
the 3rd. In addition to the usual mails from the
' United States, Canada, Newfoundland, &c., the
Canada carries 48 passengers (including several
of i-
cers of the 72nd, 48th, and 92nd regiments), and
' 171,480 dolt. in specie on freight.
On the 27th ult. the ('resident's message, commu-
nicating the additional papers concerning the Lobos
Islands, was read in the senate this munimg. 'fbese
documents contain nothing new or of much impor-
itance, and only exhibit the official action of the go-
vernment upon the case already disclosed to the pub-
lic. Mr. Webster, in communicating the correspon-
dence to the President, stabs that the records of the
department do not furnish any evidence of the exist-
ence of the postscript to Captain Jewett's letter as
published, asking hint to suspend publicity for a
tune. The first letter in the series is front Captain
Jewett to Mr. Webster, dated June 2, asking him to
provide protection to American citizens who may
desire to take guano from the Lobes Islands. The se.
Icondletteris Mr. Webster's reply to Jewett, dated June
5, which is familiar to the public. The third letter,
from Mr. Webster to Mr. Graham, recommending
him to send a national vessel to the Lobos Islands to
protect American citizens who may properly resort
to them, urges as a reason that the shipp:og pro-
ceeding from the Atlantic States to California and
Oregon will derive advantage from taking return
cargoes of guano. The fourth letter is from Mr.
Graham to Mr. Webster, dated June 8, in which he
informs him that he has instructed Capt. INl`Canley
to send one of the vessels attached to his squadron
to the Lobos Islands. The fifth letter is from Mr.
Graham to Captain M`Cauley, dated June 16, in
which ho encloses a copy of !kir. Webster's request
and other papers, and instructs him to send the re-
quired vessels to the Islands. He confers no discre-
tion and barely issues the formal order. The sixth
letter is from Mr. Webster to Captain Jewett,
dated August 21, in which he acknowledges
a letter from the latter of the 16th August,
enclosing certain papers. He informs him,
that since the date of the previous communication
from the department, of June 6th. the Peruvian go-
vernment had asserted jurisdiction over the Lobos
Islands, and that in 1842 it had issued two decrees
prohibiting foreign vessels from taking guano from
islands near the coast, under the penalty of confisca-
tion, without a license from that government.
Under these circumstances, Mr. Webster tells
him it is expected that the vessels which have
proceeded thither under his (Captain Jewett's)
auspices, will not make use of the arms which
they were provided with fur the purpose of
forcibly resisting the Peruvian authorities, as
such resistance would be an act of private war,
and •could not bo countenanced. He tells him,
also, that the naval commander of the United
States was instructed to abstain from
.pro-
tecting any vessels of the United btates visiting
these islands for purposes forbidden by the decrees of
Peru. Mr. Webster also reminds him that some of
his previous statements had misled the department,
and were likely to do so. The seventh letter is
front Mr. Webster to Mr. Kennedy, dated August
24, asking him to suspend the orders issued by Mr.
Graham in compliance with his (Mr. Webster's)
letter of the sth of June, and also requesting hire to
issue instructions to the naval commander to abstain
' from aiding or abetting any citizens of the United
States who may forcibly rand the execution of the
laws of Peru by the authorities of that &public. The
eighth and last letter is front Mr. Kennedy to Capt.
31.Cauley, dated August 25, directing him to sus-
pend execution of the previous Orders.
In referring to the Lobos Islands question theNtio
York Courier and Inquirer says :
It Is certainly very much to be regretted that orders
were ever issued to protect American ships in earryies
away guano front the Lobos Islands ; but before we con-
I demo the rescinding of such order, we mut inquire upon
I what It was based. Did or did not our mercnant‘ who
applied for such protection, expressly state to the apart-
ment, that up to the time of their application, or until a
very short time previously, Peru had never set up any
claim to ownership of the Lobos Island ; and did they not
ask of Mr. Webster his opinion upon the facts as presented
by themselves? Was not Mr. Webster's opinion elpressly
based upon the case as thus presented ; and was not our
navy ordered to give the protection required upon this as-
sumed statement of facts ? Then follow(d a remmunication
from the Peruvian minister, showing that by a special de-
ores issued in 1842-10 years ago—Peru forbed the removal
of guano from the Lobos Islands and claimed to be the
rightful owner of them. The production of this decree en-
tirely removed the bids upon which protection was claimed
and granted; sad Bs essastasace Mr. Webster, as it was
his duty to do, called Open the navy deparment to rewind
the instructions already issued upon a inisappeekensies of
the facts of the ease. Of this fact he immediately
advised the merchants interested; but at the same time,
he proceeded to demonstrate to the Peruvian Minister,
not only that the claims of Peru were not so
clear as he supposed, and that this government de-
nied her claim in foto, but for the present would
not attempt to enforce the claims of the whole world, to the
deposits upon these isolated rocks. Now, in our judg-
ment, the merchants who are about to sutler, have nobody
to blame but themselves, if, its is all, ged, they withheld
from our government the fact will known to them, that
Peru had issued a decree, ten year* ago, prohibiting the
removal of guano from the Lobos Islands. To our minds it
is very clear, that as soon as our government discovered it
had then mi,led in regard to the frets of the case, it was its
outy promptly to change its course ; and we rejoice that it
had the manliness so to do.
The United States Congress was adjourned on the
31st ultimo, and a large amount of business had to
be postponed.
It was the prevailing impression in New York that
the fishery question was adjusted.
We find the following mention of a treaty with
the Netherlands in the Nori.mot hit./Oeuerr :
Wo understand, unofficially, that an additional COIITCII-

Do et pow* mid Navigation wee dyed ea the Nth
et Oho s:•:ate. beams the Usited
Pas sad
meetsl= yersides eatindiag
moriese is the pens olds Merberlasete, Seeese
....gas mesh of Pa mamas end hentsiene=
tj. war, eessest es ie wogs* by the
sad, reeheessity. te the Mealesinuit vessels is the
ets of the Bailed States steal Weaement with the semen
r;,,, teth is the Sheet as* Whist Vela. The
trrm sllrted for the embryo et the sellsedess Is ale
Cholera is raging malignantly is Slott twisty,
Mislouri, and also to some extent in %Mo.
An unusual numbim of elemental dheetere are re-
rrted from carious States. A letter dated New
Orleans, Aug. 20, says :
A treoSlololol storm occurreJ at Mobile as Wednesday
spa tharsilay Ire, doing donors, it is ,stia.tea. to tM
ecrst 0(1,01.10,000 dots. The water estended up Matilda-
ei far as the Adreetuer 9fliew. Many meassen wens
meta. bemire were unroofed, sad some blown completely
aloes. Itte dwelling of the light-heepen es Choctaw
Tout was carried away by thy floods, sad five
were lost. The storm was very destructive at biloarre
Grouts-home was prostrated, sad much property was de-
stroyeJ. TM ship Abehuo and the British sehooaer Men
e,r sere blown ashore at eider point, and both were din-
unwed. Toe reports from different points show a great
lois of life. A heavy storm has been prevailing an Lake
Vont. tiartrais. and a, mail has been merited or seat for
too days. The Southern Tilltraph has is down.
Another letter from Louisville states that at Mem-
phis recent rain storms destroyed property to the
amount of 20,000 dollars. The corn and cotton fields
of adjacent counties were entirely washed down.
The extra session of the Missouri Legislature met
on the 311th at Jefferson city; nearly all the members
hale arrived. The senate stands 12 whir. 12 Sco-
tus. and 11 anti-Benton. The house is 40 whip, 4B
anti-lieuton, and 42 Benton. There will be a smart
mould for the speakerbhip.