The Express.
London, England, 1862-09-20 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVAIONG, SEPTEMBER 20, 1862

they deserve is to be no longer robbed of the price
of their daily labour, and forbidden to have Shalt
children taught to read. There As a short say of
checkmating unwelcome visitors from the Nor&
Let them find that they have been mistaken as to
the character of the South, and that "the chi-
" valry" have only been waiting for some favour-
able opportunity to do right by their work-
people. Nothing but a very severe pressure—
nothing but a pressure as strong as that of
war—will induce them to do this; but
if it were done, it would be a re-
sult worth a considerable sacrifice. To break
down the barrier which keeps the mean whites
from honest industry would be to add at once and
enormously to the material resources of the
Southern States, to arrest their descent into deeper
barbarism, and to give them an upward and on-
ward impulse, of which there has long been no ex-
perience, and is at present no prospect. England
especially would gain, both by the conversion of
five millions of poverty-stricken idlers into well-
to-do consumers of our manufactures, and by the
establishment of her cotton supply on the basis of
free labour, with abundance, certainty, and cheap-
ness as its consequence. The States now free
would gain when a perennial cause of quarrel had
been removed and when their Southern neigh-
bours had increased their interest in the
preservation of peace. But although the greatest
gainers by such a step would be the people of the
South themselves, it is morally certain that they
will never take it except under coercion from with-
out. Motives more powerful and feelings more
profound than any which arise out of interest
make the white inhabitants of the South cling to
slavery as to life itself.

LATEST INTELLIORNCE.

CIRCULAR OF THE !TALUS 90VERN-
MENT ON THE ROMAN QOXISTION.
The following is the full text of General
Durando's circular note to the Italian represents-
tives abroad :

TO THE CHEVALIER DE JOCTILI.L
Ttuin, Sept. 10.
Sir,—The attitude taken by the King's government sines
the attempt of Bernice afforded ground for belief that
General t:aribaldi would thenceforward renounce enter-
prises incompatible with established order and of a nature
to compromise Italy in its relation with foreign govern-
ments.

This expectation has been frustrated. Led astray by
sentiments which respect for law and a juster appreciation
of the state of things ought to have restrained, and too
accessible to the incitements of the sect better known by its
victims than its successes, he did not quail before the pros-
pect of civil war, and wished to make himself the arbiter of
the alliances and destinies of Italy.
By favour of the recollections left in Sicily by the events
of 18430, he was enabled to assemble in that island some
bodies of volunteers, but the population; divided betworn
the sympathylh which a claiming (rEvenditation) of Rome
could not fail to awaken within them, and regret at seeing
this claim assume the character of a revolt, did not bee
him pass through their midst without uneasiness and
sadness.

The parliament disapproved of his proceedings, ►nd the
King himself, whose name he never ceased to invoke, called
upon him to submit to the laws. All was useless. He
traversed Sicily, aLd entered Catania, everywhere finding
a weloome full of salutary warning, which, however, be
could not understand. From Catania he at length paucd
over to the mainland with 3,000 men, thus compelling the
King's government to order an immedi►te and complete
suppression of his proceedings. It was then that, met by
a detachment of the Royal army, he was taken with his
1 adherents.

The facts that i have just briefly recapitulated will leave
no other trace among us than a painful recollection.
The harmony of the public mind, founded upon • unani-
mous attachment to exalted principles, could tot be troubled.
These facts have, however,a significance which you will point
out to the government to which you are accredited. They are
• testimony of the political maturity of those popu-
lations whose freedom dates from yesterday ; of the desire
of Italy to see its destinies accomplished by regular means,
and of the indissoluble ties which ur.ite the nation
to the constitutional monarchy, the supreme expression of
the will of the country. They afford, besides, fresh proof
of the fidelity and discipline of the srmy, the constant and
safe guardian of the national independence.
The European cabinets must not, however, misunderstand
the true meaning of events. Law has carried the day, but
it must be admitted that the watchword of the volute.
tears was this time the expression of a want more imperative
than ever. The whole nation claims the capital; it has
only lately resisted the inconsiderate impulse of Garibaldi,
because convinced the King's government would be able to
accomplish the mandate which it has received from par-
liament respecting Rome. The problem may have changed
its aspect, but the urgency of • solution only becomes more
cogent.
In presence of the shocks, daily becoming more and more
serious, which recur in the Peninsula, the powers will com-
prehend that Italy has made a supreme and final effort in
treating as an enemy a man who had rendered such
signal services, and upheld a principle which exists in the
mind of all Italians. They will feel that the Italians, in
seconding the sovereign without hesitation in the crisis
which has just been passed, understood how to unite all
their strength around the legitimate representative of their
rights, in order that entire justice may be►t length rendered
them. After this victory, obtained in some sort over
herself, Italy no longer needs to prove that her cause is
that of European order. It has been sufficiently shown
what sacrifices she is capable of making, in order to keep her
engagements, and Europe is notably aware that she will
keep those she has undertaken and which she is still ready
to undertake relative to the liberty of the Holy See.
Henceforth the powers ought, therefore, to assist ill in dis-
sipating the prejudices which still exist to prevent Italy
from finding rest and reassuring Europe.
The catholic nations, and, above all, France, who has so
constantly laboured in the world in defence of the interests
of the church, will recognise the danger of any longer main-
taining an anterniem between Italy and the Papacy, the
sole cause of which is to be found in the temporal power,
and of tiring out the spirit of moderation and conciliation
with which the Italian people have hitherto shown them-
selves animated.
Such a state of things is no longer tenable, and would end
by entailing extreme consequences upon the governmeut of
the King, the responsibility of which could not weigh on us
alone, and would seriously compromise the religious interests
of catholicism and the tranquillity of Europe.
I request you, Monsieur le Minister, to read this despatch
to the President of the Federal Council, and to leave with
him a copy of the same.—Receive, &c.,
(Signed)

DURAND°.

The Brussels Independence of yesterday says :
"Rumours, the echo of which come to us from
Paris, begin to credit the Italian government with
some faint desire for energy. It is asserted that
the Rattazzi ministry is preparing a series of im-
portant measures in order to put France in a posi-
tion to evacuate Rome. The chambers will be
shortly convoked, in order to vote with urgency
two bills—one decreeing that every Roman citizen
shall have the right to claim the position of a sub-
ject of the King of Italy ; the other having for its
object the admission of Roman deputies to the
Italian parliament. The presentation of these
measures will be preceded by an explicatory and
justificative note, addressed first to the French
government, and then to the other European
cabinets."

(murices STLIORAIIII4

RUSSIA.
ST. PETERSBURG, Ban. 9).

An imperial manifesto, published to-day, orders
that recruiting, which has been suspended during
the last six years, shall be resumed in 1863.
The quota is to be five men out of every 1,000
inhabitants.

Recruiting will commence on the 15th January
next.

INDIA, CHINA, AND JAPAN.
(By telegraph from Sues)
CALCUTTA, Aunuar 30.
The tinder (Sudder ?) Court of Agra has ordered
the execution of Rao Sahib.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
Shirtings and twist quiet. Copper, indigo, and
linseed unchanged.
Exchange on Loudon, 2.01. Government seen-
ritics :—Four per Cents., 941, 95 ; Fives, 1051, }.
Freights declining.
_ .

CANTON, Auousr 10.

Canton and Macao have been visited by a violent
typhoon, which did immense damage. 41,000 (I)
lives were lost.

Cholera is raging at Chefoo.

A rebellion i; reported to have broken out in
Tonquin, under the leadership of Phoong, whose
adherents number 100,000.
The China seas are infested with pirates.
The British ship Lord of the Isles has been
burned at sea. The captain and crew were saved.
Advices received here from Japan announce that
all the foreign ministers have left Jeddo. The
great meeting of the Damios has not yet been held.

EXVRESS FROM PARIS.

(711.011 001 OWI CORRISPONDKNT. )

PARIS, FRIDAY Emma.

M. Grandguillot, a government writer on half-
pay, of whom nothing has been heard of late, has
a little—a very little—word to say in the Pays to-
night about the Roman question. He rejects with
equal contempt all the solutions proposed by other
writers, and takes credit for superior astuteness in
proposing none himself. He is content to rely
blindly upon some "energetic, decisive, and pro-
vidential denouement" at the hands of the author of
the coup d'etat of December, 1851. He thinks the
symptoms of the present time are strikingly
analagous to those which preceded that
great Napoleonic era, and so it must be admitted
they are so far as regards the anarchy which
reigns in the councils of men presumed to be
equally in the confidence of their master. Certainly
the ministers who sat at the council board at which
the President of the Republic presided knew
nothing about the coming coup d'etat, ►nd were ae
sincere iu denouncing all prophecies of it as
calumny, as K do Persigay now is in disavowing
M. de la Gueronni4e. There is a coincidence
which I think most remarkable between Grand-
guillot's present reference to 1851, and the open
recommendation of a coup d'etat policy in Italy,
which the France put forth the other day.
Some friends of Italy take comfort in the fact
that La France has been disavowed by a circular to
the prefects. It is important to observe that one
of M. de la Guerouniere's staff says, with a com-
fortable sneer, that the circular in question ema-
nated from the " late direction" of the press. M.
de la Gueronniere therefore infers, with but too
much plausibility, that the reactionary appoint-
ment of the Count de Treilhard is but a first step
in the line of policy of which La France is the
organ.

The Esprit Public, a weekly journal of sensation
tendencies and very doubtful authority, says that
the Emperor has decided against a dissolution of
the Corps Legislatif, but that, although there will
be no general elections this autumn, the coming
session of the present parliament will be hastened
and will be of short duration, so that a new one
may be summoned in December or January.
The Bourse opened with some weakness, but re-
covered for the close, and Rente left off for account,
with a rise of bc., at 69fr. bc. Mobilier rose 7fr.
50c., and the Italian Loan sc. In railways there
is scarcely any change.
It has for some time past been a subject for bats
whether Mires, now that his star is on the wane,
would be doomed to see a change in the name of
that new arcade, forming an important thorough-
fare between the Rue Richelieu and the Boulevard
des Italiens, which was called after him. Autho-
rities, which, 1 presume, must be the "proper
ones," have decided the question against the great
financier. The "Passage Mahe" will not, like the
Rue 29 Juillet, the Rue Lamartine, and many
others, Le allowed to perpetuate the remembrance
of ephemeral events. Workmen are at this mo
ment effacing the original inscription on the two
entrances and replacing it by the words " Passage
des Princes."

"We have reason to think," says the Patrie,
"that the obstacles which have hitherto delayed
the conclusion of the treaty of commerce between
France and Italy will soon be overcome. The
arrival in Paris of the Marquis PepiAi, Italian
Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, is connected
with the negotiations."

WEATHER REPORT.-(THIS DAY.)

SATURDAY. SRPTINBRIL to. II A. M.

B. 8 itt. IL P. C. L 1.&
N4nui 30.39 67 54 :Z.N.W m 1
... 3031 38 66 14.8.6. b 2
Liam
Mimes
MI/ROW N 30.40 68 66 N. b 1
Pommes
044wer - 26 1
VAUNT&
Qtrmirrown 30.66 66 64 N. X b S
Rol, HUD 30.68 60 63 L 6.6. b 9
LIVIIRP.**L 30.41 63 62 6.12.6. f 2
MIMOSA
P6,4+ .
PIAMOCIE 3036 67 63 6.6. X e 6
/Mort 30.14 6.1 67 N.& b 4
arm urn
Puesiautar tom 68 66 6.
Dorm
UNIDO* 30.30 68 66 6.6.14.
attmorry
4046eommen. 30.43 66 63 68.6. 163 1
itirms
611.00468 D 30.32 60 68 74.6.6. o

AMERICA.

Owns% Inizaitans.)
QUEENSTOWN, Barr. 20.
The Royal Mail steamer Persia, from New York
on the 10th inst., arrived here at 1 S.M. She
brings 136 passengers, and 239,493 dole. in specie.
She landed six passengers and a portion of the
mails, and proceeded at 1.30 p.m. All well.
(Per Persia, yid Roche's Point.)
NEW YORK, Parr. 10, Noarrueo.
Some reports say that General Jackson is
marching in heavy force upon Gettsbnrg, Pennsyl-
vania, and others that lie is moving on Baltimore
by way of Westminster.
The Confederates occupy in force the west bank
of Seneca Creek, from its mouth ou the Potomac,
22 miles above Washington, to Mid(Be Brook Mills,
a line of 10 miles.
The number of the Confederates in Maryland is
said to be 100,000.
Harper's Ferry is still held by the Federals.
The New York Evening Post says that General
Sigel's division could have prevented the Confede-
rates creasing the Potomac, but the Federal policy
favoured the Confederates entering Maryland for
strategic reasons.
General M'Clellan's exact position is not known.
An engagement has occurred at Poolesville, whence
the Confederates were driven out by the Federal
cavalry.
' •

The New York Times correspondent announces
that five Federal negro regiments are to be raised at
Hilton Head, and 50,000 negroes are to be enrolled.
President Davie has ordered a day of thanks-
giving for the late Confederate victories.
A bill has been introduced into the Confederate
Congress, calling upon the States for 300,000 addi-
tional troops.
The Confederates are reported to be within five
miles of Covington, Kentucky.
NEW YORK, Sart 9, EVINING.
The Confederate Provost Marshal of Frederic
has issued a proclamation stating that the Confe-
derates came as friends, and would not disturb
private property.
Enoch Lowe has been appointed Provisional Con-
federate Governor of Maryland.
It is reported that the Confederates are entering
Pennsylvania near Hanover, York County.
General M'Dowell has been relieved from his
command,and granted three weeks' leave of absence.
The enrolment for the draft is being completed.
The stringent war orders in reference to drafting
and volunteering have been withdrawn. Restric-
tions on travel are withdrawn.
Business has been resumed at Cincinnati, but
war preparations continue to be made there as well
as at Covington and Newport.
The Confederates are reported to be advancing in
the direction of Covington.
General M'Clellaa has taken the field. He left
Washington with the Federal army, taking the di-
rection of Northern Maryland, to attack the inva-
ding Confederates.
It is not known how large the Confederate force
is which has crossed into Maryland, but it is
variously estimated at from 30,000 to 60,000 men.
They march in detached bodies, comprising infantry,
cavalry, and artillery.
Confederate General Stuart's cavalry occupy
Poolesville, Maryland.
The Confederates also occupy Monrovia, Mary-
land, and are marching in force on Hagerstown.
The Federal Governor of Maryland has issued an
order to the citizens, calling upon them to organise
to resist the invasion.
Porter's mortar fleet is off Baltimore, prepared to
destroy the city if captured by the Confederates.
General Banks commands at Washington. Many
families are leaving the capital ; but the alarm is
not general.
The report of the evacuation of Nashville is not
entirely credited. Wild rumours of defeats and
successes of the Federal armies are current all over
New York, but cannot be traced to authentic
sources.
The Hammonia has arrived out.
The Australasian was intercepted off Cape Race
on the 7th inst.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW YORK. Sart 9, Ennui°.
Money easier. Gold, 181 prem. Exchange fiat.
Bankers' bills, 131. Stocks steady. New York
Centrals, 931 ; Illinois, 621 ; Erie, 37k. Cotton
advancing : midling Upland, 57c. to 58c. Flour,
good inquiry. Wheat and corn declining. Provi-
sions quiet. Sugar, coffee, and molasses quiet.
SOUTHAMPTON, San. 19.
The Hamburg and American Company's steamer
Teutonia, from New York on the 6th inst., has
arrived off Cowes. She brings 183 passengers,
70,926 dole. for England, 57,500 dots. for France,
and 10,800 dolls. for Hamburg.
The steamers Hammonia and City of New York
passed Cape Race together on the afternoon of the
sth for New York.
The Teutonia sailed on the 6th, and called at
Cape Race on the 10th, a few hours after the City
of Washington.