The Express.
London, England, 1863-07-11 00:00:00

AFFAIRS OF JAPAN.

The Earl of OARNARVOIIresetO move for copies of
any instructions given by her Majesty's government to her
Majesty's diplomatic servants is Japan or to the officers in
command of her Majesty's land or naval forces, to make de-
mands upon the government of Japan, with the alternative
of immediate hostilities on the rejection of such demands.
The noble earl said that above • fortnight ago the Eastern
mail brought intelligence that instructions had been sent to
oar minister in Japan to offer certain terms for the accept-
ance of the Tycoon, accompanied by the threat of immediate
hostilities unless those terms were complied with. What those
terms were, under what circuanatanoss they ware insisted
on. and what were the intentions of her Majesty's govern-
ment, he hoped the bane would that day learn ; for • we:
with Japan was a very serious and alarming contingency.
It was quite true that within the last day or two there had
prevailed rumours of the probability of • more satisfactory
solution of the difficulties ; but, in the meantime, the house
was without information. He was anxious that her Ma-
jesty's government should state what was the meaning of
this quarrel, and what were the circumstances under
which it had ariseo. If her Majesty's government
went to wee, they mud either support the Tycoon
to the utmost of their power, and by enabling him
to triumph over his great feudatories so obtain their
ends, or else they must declare a war of extermination
against the Mimic.' themselves. For that purpose they '
must either treader a very large force to Japan from China,
India, and the Cape, or else they must have re-
mune to a combined expedition with other powers.
For his own part, he (the noble earl) objected
to these combined military expeditious. (Loud cheese)
They committed us to sole which ware not understood is
this country, sod which were unsuited to our genius ; and
no far from fostering any really cordial feeling between the
officers and troops employed in them, they led, he we firmly
convinced, to nothing bat jealousies, suspicions. and irrita-
the. (Hear.) If, on the other band, we undertook the
operations alone, it was for the boom to say whether it wee
worth while to incur • east of five, dx, seven, eight, or aims
millions sterling for the sake of &trade of leas than 14,000 t
a year. Besides, we could not disguise from ourselves that
the objects of other powers—of Rune, Frame, and Are.
rica—were each different front ours ; end our undertaking
hoetilities could hardly help involving us in complications
with them. Bat there was • result of the war which he
confessed be contemplated with even more apprehension
than the war itself. We most conquer, and with new on-
quests would come new annexations of, territwy—a thing
against which the history of our connexion with India ought
to be a sufficient warning. Lad year her Majesty's ministers
had positively undertaken to be trustees for the goyim-
meat of three hundred millions of people. Her Majesty's
government could not plead surprise, for during the whelks
of ISeil they professed the strictest neutrality, and then
came out the orders in council, in which officers in both
services were encouraged, invited, end stimulated to take
service under the Emperor of China, and to resist him in
the reconstruction of his army and navy. (Hear, bear.)
If it was necessary to inflict punishment on the Japanese
for the recent outrages which had been committed
on her Majesty's subjects, let such retribution
be exacted as was in accordenoe with the de-
mands of justice and of our national honour.
Trade might be a good thing, the acquisition of new markets
very desirable, but it was • very bad commercial bargain
indeed to obtain • few thousand pounds worth of goods at
the toot of six, eight, or nine millions of money far an
eastern war. He would conclude by repeating the words
of the noble earl co another occasion, that all these thin
were great and undeniable advantages if they could be ob-
tained by useful mains, but their whole veins wee neutral-
hied when they were extorted by force of arms. (Hear,
hear.)
Earl RUSSELL vindicated the policy pursued by her
Majeoty's government in Japan, and said that on the faith
of treaties consuls had been appointed and merchants bad
settled in that country, end when he came into office he felt
it to be his duty to see that the treaty obligations were
carried out. The British legation was attacked soon after
its establishment. Sir Rutherford Alcoek himself barely
seeped with his life, and Mr. Oliphant was wounded.
British subjects bad been repeatedly attacked and some
had been murdered. He considered it, therefore, to be
the duty of government to take up these matters, more
especially as they had resulted from • premeditated de-
termination to defeat the treaty, and to de and redrew,
the punishment of offenders, and some security for the
future. It was just possible that these demands might he
refused ; and in that contingency it was requisite to have a
force to support them. He could not give the paean asked
for by the noble earl, for he hoped by the next mail to bear
that our demands had been amented to. The weaknem of
the Tycoon's authority was well known, but his govern-
ment was the only on. we could deal with. It was that
with which we had concluded the treaty ; and by all law
and custom it must be held responsible. Having entered
upon a particular line of policy, and made treaties with
Japan, we must either follow it up or conies' our policy •
mistake, resign all prospects of trading with a country so
rich and fruitful, and withdraw oar merchants from its
territory.
Earl GREY said he owned he heard with astonish-
ment the declaration of the noble earl that be looked
with satisfaction on the present state of things
in China. It was true that the Chimes government
was in • state of humiliation and abject dependence,
and that the English government was taking means to
bring China under the government of Englishmen. (Hear,
hear.) The English government had brought the Chinese
customs eutirely under the control ef Exglishmen, with the
great probability of • collision with other countries, and
they were also going to organise the navy of China
with Englishmen, and he believed also the army
—steps all tending to the disorganiaation of • great empire.
Whole regions had been depopulated by the Taepiop arid
other insurgents, and the state of things was proceediog
from lend to worse, How his noble friend could find in the
state of things in China a source of satisfaction was a matter
to him (Earl Grey) of utter astonishment. Well, her
Majesty's government were taking the first steps towards
bringing about similar revolts in Japan. Be (Earl Grey)
bad foretold these coinemences in China; he BOW only
hoped we were not about to drift into • war with Japan.
He might be told that he ought to have stated some view
as to what should be our policy in Japan. He had no
hesitation in stating what he thought ought to be our line
of policy. It was very simple—it was merely to act towards
Japan with ordinary justice. (Cheers from the government
benches.) We had no right to demand reparation from
the Japanese without Mudding them reparation for
wrongs done to themselves. We bed urged upou the Japa-
nese minutes • clause providing immunity to British rule
jerk from Japanese law • stipulation which we dared not
carry out with regard tos, any foreign nation. Let such •
law exist in this capital, and London would not be safe from
plunder for 24 hours. Let us tell the Japanese that we
were prepared to rescind the dense whereby the Eti7,lish
residents were not to be subject to Japanese authority,
and we need not necessarily abandon all security for British
subjects. We might expect to obtain securities for the due
adminietration of the law in respect to our own people by
calling upon the Japanese to establish a system of police,
dressing their authority from the Japanese government, bat
charged with the duty of protecting and controlling British
subjects. Of course there must be a tribunal in which
European judges must be included—(hear, beer)— but by
these simple precautions he believed that the feelings of the
people might be protected from outrage, and the lives and
property of Europeans from destruction.
Toe Duke of SOMF.R.SET expressed his belief that we
had not committed an act of war, or done soythiog which,
accordieg to the principles of justice, we ought not to bare
done.

Lord WODEHOUSE said that two years ago the noble
earl (Grey) had delivered a speech full of the moat dismal
forebodinge on the subject of China. But his noble friend
did not on that occasion, as be bad on the present. pro-
pose a remedy. That he thought was the weak point of
the noble earl's speech. The fact was, that here they had
a weak and rich nation scattered over • large territory
—(bear, hear)—with whom the European radius and
America were determined to trade. (Hear, hear.) We
did not take measures to send our merchants there, but
our merchants went. (Hear, hear.) If oar merchants
were not to go, some leas scrupulous nations would trade
with the country, and, turban., exclude us from a lucrative
source of profit. We must follow our traders—(hear)— and
extend to them protection end the admintstratioe of justice
as fuss that use possible. (Hear, hear.) He felt ouldeet
that it war could be ►voided it would be by the very able
agents whom her Majesty possessed in Japan. (Hear.)
The Earl of CARNARVON would not press his motion ;
but if her Majeety's government bad really shown so much
forbearance, be could not understand why the papers should
be withheld. He only regretted that the explanations which
they had heard from two of her Majesty's ministers bad not
been fuller and move satidactory, both as regarded the facts
that bad occurred since the publication of the last pepsn
and the policy which her Majesty's government intended to
pursue. (Hear, hear.)
motion was then withdrawn.

BRITISH COLUMBIA BOUNDARIES BILL
This bill was read a Wad time aad parse-
REMOVAL OF IRISH POOR BILL.

Thee bilrwu reed • wood time.
MARRIAGES REGISTRATION (IRELAND) BILL
This bill was nada wad time.
SUSPENSION OP STANDING ORDERS.

- -
Earl GRANVILLE moved the anspeorioa of the resolu-
lotion of the 24th April last -via, ' Private Bill: Or-
dered, that no bill confirmiog Loy provisional order of the
Board of Health, or authorising any inclosure of lands
under special report of the Inclosure Commissioaers for
England and Wales, or for confirming any scheme of the
Charity Commiseiooers for England and Wales, shall he
read a second time after Thursday, the 2nd day of July
neat," in respect to the Newcastlivupon-Tyne (St. Mary
Magdalen Hospital) Bill, the Sir Robert Hitcham's Charity
Bill, and the Ruthin Charities
Lord REDESDALE regretted to have once more to com-
plain of the conduct of the Charities Commissioners in
bringing in their bills at so late a period of the session' and
be hoped that their lordships would insist upon having their
orders obeyed, especially as regarded the first of the bills,
for which there was less excuse than for the other two.
Earl GRANVILLE said that by stopping the bills their
lordships would punish not the commisaioners but the
people interested in the chasitice.
After a short conversation the motion was agreed to es
regarded the last two bills, which were accordingly read •
second time.
POLICE AND IMPROVEMENT (SCOTLAND) BILL.
This bill was read • sexed time.
COLONIAL LETTERS PATENT BILL.
This bill passed through committee.
POOR-LAW BOARD CONTINUANCE BILL.

Thinhill pared through committee.
STATUTE LAW REVISION BILL.
This bill irsa read a third time, and tiro or three amend-
ments of typographical errors having been made, was passed.
PUBLIC WORKS (MANUFACTURING DISTRICTS)

This bill was read a third time and pared, an amendment
being made in the 13th clams.
THAMES EMBANKMENT (SOUTH SIDE) BILL.
This bill eras read a third time sad passed.
MILITIA BALLOTS SUSPENSION BILL.
_ .

MIST:Irma7,Z a thud eiMe and pasted.
WALKER VESTING BILL.
This bill wee reeds third time and pawed.

LOAN socirms
This bill paned through oomaiittee.
Their lordships than adjourned at tan minutia past 8
o'clock.

HOUSE OF COMMONS—FRIDAY, JULY 10.
(Continued from yesterday's Express.)

The vote of 65,5411. to complete the sum of 90,5411., to
defray the salaries and expanses, &c., of the British Museum,
was agreed to ; the house resumed, and the sitting was sus-
pended till six o'clock.
The house resumed at 6 o'clock, when
Mr. MASSEY brought up the report of supply.
LIEUTENANT TINLING.

Colonel SYKES pve notice that on an early day be would
cell attention to the cimumshuices attending the death of
Lieutenant Tinling at a siege in China.
MB, BFI SHAM AND THE CONFEDERATE ACTED-

Itiiiki3:

Mr. BLAKE stated that, according to the information
which :Ad been furnished to him, a Yr. Belama, a British
subject, went some time moos to reside in Alabama, and in
consequence of his refusal to serve in the Confederate army
he WS/ in the month of April last three times dipped in •
tank of water, with • view to compel him to serve,
sad that on being asked mob time whether be would serve
or not be repeated his refuel, but that on being dipped a
fourth time, he, in order to save his life, consented to serve

nadir protest.
Mr. LAYARD—In reply to the question of the boo.
member, I beg to state that the cam of Mr. Belaham hes
been brought to the notice of her Majesty's government,
but the hoe gentleman is under a misapprehension when
be says that the cane was brought before the Confederate
authorities under the direction of Lord Lyons. Lord
Lyons has no official communication whatever with the
authorities of the Confederate States, and nothing, there-
fore, was done under his direction. But Mr. Moore,
the Britiab consul at Richmond, did make a representa-
tion to the Confederite government with regard to the
nee. Mr. Belaham was, as he states, cruelly treated—in.
deed, he was exposed to torture to compel him to take
service in the Confederate army. Unfortunately Mr. Bel-
sham's case is not the cagy one, but numerous similar
oases have been brought to our notice, but these cases
have generally occurred at a distance from Richmond.
The Confederate authorities have expressed regret that
they should have taken place. (Hear, hear.) A bill was
brought before the session of the Confederate Assembly
to empower the State to enlist foreigners in the Confede-
rate army. But that bill was rejected, and a committee
was appointed to inquire into the treatment of British
subjects who were imprisoned mostly for refusing to serve
in the Confederate army. Mr. Moore made numerous re-
presentations to the Confederate government with respect
to these acts of cruelty and illegality, and it was well
known that in consequence of those representatioes the Con-
federate government suspended Mr. Moore's a:equator,
mad be was obliged to leave the Confederate States. Her
Majesty's minister instantly sent instructions to Mr. Moore
to make strong representations to the Confederate govern-
ment, but they did not reach Mr. Moore until he had left
the conatry. I trust that taking into account the action
of the Confederate government in this matter, such eases
will not home awn to British subjects. With regard
to Mr. BetrUm' I cannot tell where be is. We have
beard no more of hint since the statement of Mr. Moore
was received

Mr. GREGORY—I wish to ask the bon. gentleman the
Under Secretary for Foreign Annuli two questions, which
I think be an answer at corn. The first is, when he spoke
of torture being applied to a British subject, did he mean
that the torture wee applied on the part of the authoritire
of the Confederate government. (Hear hear.) The se-
amid question is—whether, inasmuch se this is • very grave
affair, he will lay all the papers connected with it upon the
table of the house. . . . . .

.....
Mr. LA YARD—I am afraid that torture in the strict
sente of the word has been inflicted, sad I am bound to say
that these iota were committed by parsecs apparently act-
ing under the general instrections of the Confederate autho-
rities, but at a distance from the seat of the government. On
Monday next I will stets whether the papers can be pro-
duced. (Hear, hear.)