The Express.
London, England, 1852-10-19 00:00:00

°evvcotivbfalwinds, hurricanes,.. r,leatioelwrloolpeowedendfoofbrtyhe :09th, a prolsi%a
ry, ending in the death of one o-------fitiihe :hair:eh:l.7;a:
EABTILQBAKE AT ST. JAGO DE CUBA. I "bb
fears to rekindle which were on the eve of extingui.'eln-'l*
many more ilanaja .
Tisiionntatioarbltyhebrientrae.
clapaai
BAdhtt botarde thunder
uqt p.
ot lener, to
t:b.:let mohyritti
hrnidle.
ffi c
i.... 3 v
wrel,tible 1
h.
been the last felt up to this day, the 31st of August,.b")--
LnloancellIVII: Welt
Wfllladieiziejtman terriblediilin
bit.idways visit that tropical region in
tir ber, and so thickly studded is the in consequence of yesterday's rains, the gesn u""i
estAiltor
frith islands, that the full force of the
.opfrit,hrloeunitiinothhnea.bflitarstnstshoeslkee:p alto home,
e23raldilfothueghto-irwelue:: i1d,e..64
sorted, with the exception of the Plum. Nearly the
daablrlat dons is usually felt on land, and on
Mae tanketrsnate island or other their whole force
.is
PnerallY linnt. This year the whole of tali houses were closed, and the streets, which at another-anti.
I:iomodin:aueere totuptisl7ituidnethperimiy'idndgi"7:::ii7,„`d-,
northern islands have been subjected to earthquakes
ofar ssoombeusyb,uwildeirielonflyaoccalinesuiopnosnlltyhier:. hylolleioijzt,, :::;:i
of a most alarming nature. At Jamaica, in particu-
:e.vii.d.uipelnigs:d;wtbhhyoet:oabikach
auve.,..4
so
in
...p....nt
..r.b_i
tar, several terrible shocks have been experien.....ced..;
moat distinguished families had sought hoepital* .
bettl gu oi tusis
taot
jtalime
awicacs,tearnt
thenedtoowfnthoeflsslet.o
If
aeguoba,
w,
h•Te•h..
contains about 40,000 inhabitants, that the fury oaf
hthoeldiraiht abhiitas ngtaatoef thethe
.huunteh,apapnyd
btehgegsumhailltatni:trifisti.:lft:°:, i
the earthquake visitation this year appears to have them with far greater pleasure than dues the opulent ho.
beeneoncentratcd and spent. The following
occurred to us on seeing the proud rich in the Lenin loi the
description hr an eye- witness of the catastrophe
which betel that town in August lust. For its ap- The part nearest the sea prreents nothing hut ruin
palling grandeur, and the terror it inspired, it will are the houses which have nut been thrownout I.ltl i, iry
rank amongst the moat awful visitations of which
edaienuhlagru,aksendhaucenibierenwilli.h:::ilitioe,
whil..krehliniuiillt,b.at:!e‘P.iet:t,u-:::-
records exist: gre.,t lust. In the rest of the town the cony qucners A the
to the greater solidity of the foutidstions. fhe I•neze i.d,..
The dawn of the 20th of August, 1842, was to the inhabi-
tants of St. Jago de Cuba and its neighbourhood one of the
finest presented by the tropics. I had occasion to notice it, fiefs, such as the churches, hernia., pal lee, gaol, fss Lilo
for I came from the adjoining village of Caney, where I suffered inure, as was natural, than the lesser ones. 11,,,
cud passed an agreeable night, consequent upon the fair of higher houses, too, more dna the lower ; those f st.et.
The south portion has suffered more than the n.; t,., St- Louis. The sky was clear, the air was pure and fresh,
cornices hate ch-,:vhean.utirho;eeduf
.. wows;
thait altlh,etlieresutuotef rthWe.l,:.:zuf
which, added to the news re calved from Salt.eleil, 1i.r,,,,5,
as from the north the blue of he celestial vault was lighter
than usual, the country was cheerful by reason of its haying
Giber., Bayamo, and Manzanillo, (eaves no iloalit t!, 0, th.
rained the preceding days. One whitish thick cloud alone
toirthquake has been more felt from 21 degrei , '
latitude to the Equator, than from the 20 degrees is t;,,
ciowned that portion of the Sierra Marius which is between
the Puerto de la Ouira, and that of the Dos 110 CM. sto 1..04
Everything announced • delightful day; nothing, abso-
Tropic of Cancer.
lutely nothing, indicated the near approach of a great cane
strophe. Ins sawn that there was not a single presentiment
of what was about to happen, although the earth maim
trembles here without its being feared, and even foretold
by some of the inhabitants. Not one of the signs hithe rio
usually considered as the precursors of earthquake. mani-
fested themselves. Neither was there any sign indicating
variations in the atmnephere. Th. thermometer was at Ist
degrees of Fahrenheit, and the barometer at 30 inches.
Stieh was the beautiful aspect of nature, when at thirty-six
minutes put eight in the morning on a sudden is heard a
fearful noise, and at the same time my feet felt a violent
tremulous motion, which raised and let fall the whole city,
as a child would alight toy. In every countenance terror was
depicted in a manner no painter could ever imitate. Every-
body's features were instantaneously diefieured; the eyes were
sunk ; a livid hue circled them, similar to when sleep ties been
denied for nights owing to acute pains. The people in a
mass were is the middle of the streets, on their knees,
their hands elapsed, and with eyes raised up to Heaven ; a
prolonged and loud cry of merry raised instinctively and
simultaaeously by the entire neighbourhood, resounded on
every side. lam unable to pourtray all the scenes which
took plate within a few seconds. What virtues were in-
stantaneously unfolded. What passions were silenced at
the voice of Clod, who appeared to call us to judgment
Scarcely were we assured that the first shock had ceased,
and scarcely had we recovered a little from our alarm, than
another was felt, but not so strong as the first. From
36 minutes past 8 to 10 o'clock, three very distinct
shocks were experienced. In this in I the larger por-
tion of the residents had occupied the squares, the open
spaces, and the beach, leaving the houses opened and aban-
doned. Amidst these large meetings were repeated the
scenes which shortly before had taken place in families.
The author of these notes was in the Plaza de Armes, and
was not calm enough to observe all that paned there ; but
from what be did observe, and what lie heard related soon
afterwards, he can give an idea sufficiently exact of what
there occurred, and which, with some differences, is the
same that happened in the other plazas. Let the reader
imagine two or three thousand persons, of every age, sex,
class, and condition, grouped in the centre of the Plus de
la datedral. The stronger animating the weaker—the
healthy tending the sick—mothers, some calling loudly
for their children, others assuring themselves by the
touch that they had theirs at their side' since the sight
of them was not enough. The husband comforting the
downcast wife--the minister of the altar bringing to mind
the immense goodness of Ood—the authorities forgetting
their own danger, to attend to others, and to prevent mis-
haps—all, lastly, with their eyes and hearts on heaven, and'
their ears and feet on earth. Hardly was the fearful noise
which preceded the earthquake heard, than the immense
multitude, as if it were a single individual, prostrated itself
to the ground.
From ten to one in the afternoon, the earth did not sen-
sibly tremble • from one to three o'clock, two shocks were'
felt, which, 'although of short duration, were sufficient
to maintain the anxiety and inquietude which hail seized
upon the inhabitants, as well as to prevent anyone sleeping,
OT even watching their habitation. Few even had break-
fasted, and anxiety and fatigue had contributed to weaken
the stomach. This caused some to endeavour to take some
aliment, for the weakness of the body increased that ofl
the mind ; but a strong shock, which was felt at half-past
five in the afternoon, interrupted these who were refreshing
themselves, and determined many to go on board the vesse:s
anchored in the harbour, to the adjoining Pens, and to the
straw huts ou the beach. It can be asserted that at night-
fell a thousand souls were not left in the centre of the
town, excepting those who were left on the Plazas. Night
came, and its shades also came, to sadden more and more
those hearts which were already darkened when the MID
shone in the zenith, and the eyes obscured, I efore light
was wanting unto them. Attacked by a species of moral
jaundice, we beheld things black as our own hearts, sad
as oar own spirits.
In spits of the confusion, and paucity of convenience
needed by the vessels, where bad taken refuge as many
penises es they could hold, it is indescribable the pleasure
experienced en arriving on board. Not more intense is that
Mt by the shipwrecked on reaching the port which he never
thought to arrive at.
A little after half-past 3 in the morning, a shock was felt
u Leong, or more so, than the first, although of leas dura-
tion. The motion was undulating, and to this perhaps is
owing that mere edifices were not destroyed. This single
shook wonlit, in all probability, have mused more destruc-
tion to paned than all the preceding ones had caused, in
senelananse of the hour at which it happened ; but others
M ed( predoesly occurred, made all the inhabitants alert,
end thee it was that few had to come out of their houses,
sad primps not a single one out of their bed. Difficult,
very Mama is it to describe all that passed from half-past
3 until Few were those who suffered less on
Ms ceeasisal dam on the previous morning, although they
hued *nudges la phew which they regarded, if not
affilesffilleffi lid OWN* than the houses they had abandoned.
lip dims I wain the wharf of the steamer Botafuego, in
maw with the captain of the Codeine, and several
saw meow ; on a sadden we =Used a shock which
aided the major portion of us to fall. We went instantly
en burl the Cardenas, where we observed a phosphene
=in the water, and smelt a bed stench which almost
us of Math; the piles of the wharf described
nnilmeillOdegrees et the least, and the wharf appeared to
Opp EOM than a yard from side to side. At the moment
WI Si aillareaka was heard, mingled with the universal cry
adder. a Seim like that of felling houses. I thought
Rowse ts WWI more the city of Valasques ; I thought
ant the de iv ore
the
Jag* de Cubs had arrived ; sad per-
haps I woe tract heaved in the opinion that it will be
what it was a few days since.
In the harbour the earthquake was perceptible, as we
have aid,by a strange motion of the water, which boiled,
prodding paespkww bubble, and followed by a fetor so
intend as to take sway respiration. In the Plaza de
la Cotedral all the lights were instantly extinguished,
sad the immense snaltitude then there was environed in
the *Mime dasinsees. In that of Santo Thomas the priest
1 bus W iec=eelebrate the Holy Sacrifice, when the
was felt, and which plunged into the deep-
est dejection all the faithful who were praying. The scenes
which passed in the streets were not lees terrible than those
we have described. The few who had had courage enough
to remain within their houses, rushed frightened along the
streets without being restrained either by the profound
obscurity, the copious rain, the fury of the wind, the ruins
of the (did' bailds, the state 01 their health, or the un-
certainty of the road they were following. But vain is it
for me to endeavour to give an idea of the horrors which
were experienced in the short interval which elapsed
between Ulf pest three and the dawn of the 21st. Every
family tolls their own, sad I am not aware who suffered
most.

AN AMBASSADOR FROM

I.,LANI).

Among the passengers by the Orinoco akata,
which arrived at Southampton on Setaelay, from the ti.
Indies, was an inhabitant of Pitcairies Island, e.:thrat,„
the residence of the deeeendants of the mutineers of
Bounty. Ile was the bearer of despatches I roes A
Moresby, in the Pacific Ocean, and his object in eoni.n.i..
England is to obtain some assistance for the relimou• • -
cation of the people of Pitcairn's Island, and to in•fe.• • *
government to allow English ships of war to visit r)„
oftener than they now do. The individual •
about (10 years of age, and about 24 ran ago
Pitcairn, and was allowed to remain on t..
island as a religious teacher and to prat
medicine. lie is I sh
ii.laus. only stnegcr
allowed to remain at Pitcairn, and to he comidenel as to.-
of the community. 'the inhabitants of the :,laud
Lion numbered, when he left, S.; females awl as
are nearly all descended of the Bounty mutineer., and .;
Titbit= women. They are still remarkabl.- for then aloha
and religious character, rho My through the teatheeg null
example of Adams, the chief mutineer. A pre,,,nnt of
the community is elected every year, bat lie has holt to
do. There is no penal code, fur the whole romntur.ev.ive
as one family, and, basing no money and 111,4,N:4r
strong drinks, there is no temptation or inducement to
crime. All the land is held in commeu, and
no one is allowed to trade for hinisaa. the
coin in the island amounts to about
dollars value. if every waste spot wen. cultivated.
which is about 41 mites in circumference, a Quid ra .tatsm
about SOO persons. The climate is good. The thena-wer
never rises to above 86 degrees, nor falls below 4, he
men sail boys all bear arms, and they could defend ails.
preaches to the island egainat a thousard fighting
ship can approach without a pilot. The inn:Amen!. t:
so robust as the English, nor do they live 113 load. 1:•)
subsist chiefly on yams, potatoes, and cocoa nuts. Owe
week they taste fish or flesh, which they obta..,
fishing and killing the goats on the island. ile-s t•-e:
and smoke tobacco, which they obtain from 011:TA
whalers which visit them for supplies of fresh water, yam.
and potatoes. The island would grow Indian corn ul
tobacco, but neither of these is cultivated because it yes.;
impoverish the ground. Tobacco grows wild, but its.
routed up as a weed. There are no spring., and the wear
obtained is rain water, which is caught in nservoin.
English ship of war calls at the island about once a yeti.
A number of American whal.rs visit it, and throng
them the inhabitants get supplies to satisfy the,:
simple wants and learn the news of the wort.
They seldom suffer any stranger to live on their island. If
any are shipwrecked there, they arc taken care of until t 4
next vessel calls, when they are sent away. Almost de
first person the Pitcairn inhabitant met at the Orient
Howl in Southampton, on Saturday, was a gentlemen
whose cousin had been shipwrecked at Pitcairn, had live.l
there a fortnight, and was well remembered by the whs.
bitant. The latter has left a wife and eleven children lc
Pitcairn. lie has been elected president of the eland more
than once. His business in England will chiefly
be with the Duke of Northumberland and the
Bishop of London. His presence here will be the means of
revealing some particulars of one of the must (sonata and
interesting episodes in the history of human vochty.
It will be remembered that about sixty years ago toibt or
ten Englishmen, after committing a great crime. laced
with three savage women, and, selecting a lonely and 'lion.
native island in the great and distant Southern Oran,
formed, with themselves and progeny, a community, pro-
' (easing and practising all the virtues of Christianity. late
community now numbers neatly two hundred persons. who
still preserve in the same spor the primitive and vazsaus
habits of their progenitors. They have sent an ambseadoe
to this country, chiefly to procure the means of ingenues
their spiritual welfare. It appears that their attention is
' turned to Norfolk Island, about 1,000 miles distant, in cue
Pitcairn should become overpopulated, and they are a
hopes the English government will grant them that
The parson who is come over here from them, states tiw
• they still speak the English language in its purity. Ihn
have few books in the island, which are chiefly reloau
They rigidl adhere to the religious doctrines and cen.
• monies of the church of England. The only spirit.,
• liquors allowed to be landed in the island are a few both.
of wine and Wendy for the medicine chest of the slat,:
One of Lorl Byron s best descriptive poems was ono.:
respecting the mutiny of the Bounty, and the charm• c.
life to be enjoyed in the beautiful islands of the South Se:
The retreat of the mutineers of the Bounty to the ins,,:n.
• cant and solitary Piteairn's Island was not discover. OLj
the English for many years, when an English ship info
driven there, and the crew was surprised to bear te, of
the swarthy natives come off and call out to tho-e orb and
• ship, in good English, " Hand us a rope." Admiral h.
I who was on board the Bounty at the time of the motes.
lived for many years in Southampton.

LONDON AND MID-WESTERN RAILWAY.

A numerous and highly influential mectinz
noblemen and entlemen was held at Watlineton on
day last, the 10th instant, with a view to a rer.rwat
efforts made during the put year for the extension i
Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton • •
line from the former plea to the 'Waterloo terminus of
South-Western Railway. The meeti g, which
tended by the principal landed proprietors of the n.
bourhood, as well u of the surrounding district, w
ghastly appointed to take place at the flare and 11,,t.
Inn, but the large room at that place being found
cient to accommodate the number present, the asseml.:4'
was obliged to adjourn to the Town-hall. Amongst this
whom we observed in the room were, the Right lion. tai
Earl of Macclesfield, Sir H. J. Lambert, Bart., Cal Fate
W. Fans de Sala, Eaq., H. Lambert, Esq., John runt-
Esq., A. H. Drown, Esq., Rey. C. Vers.. Spencer, t•
Cater, Esq. Rev. J. Dear, H. Lupton, Esq.. It. Hollow
J FAQ, Rev. as. Beauchamp, O. Heron, Esq., Major Tyndi
G. P. Hester, Esq., Rev. J.Thompson, R. Lucas, Esq 'JAL
wy, Esq., tic.
The chair having been taken by the Right lion dr
Earl of MACCLISPIRLD, his lordship introduced the suhl.°
by stating that the meeting had been convened to deems
a question, involving the best interests of the district.
which all knew stood greatly in need of railway ammo•
dation, and he we happy to find from the number preKat
that they were fully alive to the importance of seyiuiar
the same increased facilities of communication Ion! AP
extended to other parts of the country. Mr. Fuson, die
solicitor of the Oatoed, Worcester, and Wolverlocr"
Railway Company, who were the promoters of the intesdA
line, had attended for the purpose of explaining the vain
of the projectors, and answering any inquiries that atiOt
be made of him. He would now, therefore, call upon tint
gentleman to address the meeting, and deselope the oar:
tions of the promoters, in order that the merits of the
tended project might be fully discussed and understoo;
Mr. PARSONS explained that the new line would (I?.
lamas by a junction with the Oxford, Worcester, Lulu.
verhiumpton Railway, at Wolvercot, near Ostird,sproco.;
jag through Wheatley and Theme, to near Prince a
rough (where a branch will diverge to the county town.'
Aylesbury), and thence through Wycombe, Fulmer,
bridge, and Hanwell, to the Hounslow branch of a
London and South-Western Railway at Brentfortl.!.m!s?
nicating with the stations at Nine Elms and St atm..
bridge.
Resolutions in favour of the project were carried.

Ow of the ideas which most saddened me was the recol-
lection of the sick. I thought whilat on board the " Car-
asses" that if any one had had courage enough to
remain in bed after the first shock, they ought to have lost
it after the one now spoken of, and that the subsequent
awn would catch them In the street, placing their lives in
grists. but happily it has not yet happened so. Ood
that the mortality should decrease in the fetal
days we have passed through.
It has been observed that by a species of miracle many
of the sick became well during the days when we all ex-
pected to die. The data which I furnished in another
place demonstrate that a superior sensation destroyed the
inferior otos ; the same as an intense light does not admit
of oar seeing the lesser one, and although these latter exist
all the same.

Never was dawn mom wished for than that of the 21st,
and it is not possible to convey an idea of what we ex-
perienced when at its first blush we amid distinguish the
towers e 4 the Catadral and of Ban Francisco, which
threatened ruin sines the previous day, and whose existence
made us hope for that of the remaining edifices which we
kedged to be in rains. Yet scarcely had we recovered from
the terror knight is by the strong earthquake of the
manning, then another came on, which, if not so violent,
wee w AeltiM in unison with the lugubrious aspect of the
day to keep us in continual alarm. It rained at intervals
throughout the morning; at 26 minutes past 12 another
shock of short duration was felt, and towards evening the
sky began to elem. Night came on without anything
notable having seemed during the day, with the excep-
tion of shock mentioned. The moon with her silver
light augured tranquillity, the air wee pure, the tempera-
ture hateful, and the hopes began to revive that the earth-
quakes bad mused. Fatigued by fernier vigils, each one
prepared for repose, when at half-past Line another shock
of lair intensity and duration was felt.
Frees the 22nd to the morning of the 28th, several shocks
wen faltliiimasthey were less perceptible each time, they
did net the inhabitants, although they caused • me
tale neeminees which did not allow them to sleep
tranquilly in their homes, an uneasiness increased by some
foolish persons by sad remembrances and unfounded
predictions._ At 10 minute. past 2 of the morning of the
28th • huh shock wee felt rather stronger than those of
the &ve heeeding days, which added to all attempt at

ANCHOVIES AND THEIR ADULTERATIONs.—Th
LIZSICCe gives the result of the investigation of the Ans:ys
cal Sanitary Commission into the composition AneV
visa," as vended in the metropolis. Having analysed
That seven of the samples consisted entirely
samples, the following conclusion has been &Meat At
That two at the samples consisted of a mixture of Date.
flab and anchovies. That the brine in twenty-thrte of t
samples was charged with either bole Armenian or
tian red, the quantity varying considerably in ammo:
but inn
mat cases the brine was saturated with *hes
of Ilytch tisk
earthy powders to such an extent that they might be ob
tainc4 and collected from the bottom of the bottles alme.f4
by teaspoonfuls. The commissioners add—" It is not to A
inferred that those samples in which no Dutch fish sett
detected consisted of the true anchovy, billee we boor
aw
Wised that two other kinds of ash besides the Patch are
commonly imported, and sold as' true nrichoie,' and 'Am
Gorgonss'--namely, French and Sicilian tish." A I_,..wthl
investigation established the tact. that not I.3rd of
samples examined consisted of Gorgon.' anchovies..
I)EMERARA RAlLWAY.—'Traffic tar
s. ha
ending September 18: Passengers, B.i tra"
2321.3 x. Bd.