The Express.
London, England, 1855-05-11 00:00:00

AALL
A•azr.

PaorocoL n) or A COMI,IIIIXCI MILD AT VIINNA,

APRIL 19, 1856.

pv",t_gm. Au,stria : Coeot ds Baal-Schottenstein and
Baron de Prokerch 0-ten. For France: M. Dronyn do
Lbws and Buoy do Bourquensy. Fur Gram Britain :
Lori John Russell and the Eul of Westmorland. For
Runts Prince Gurtchakoff and M. de Titoff. For Turkey:
Ash Pasha and Aid Effendi.

Tie protocol of the last meeting having been read and
appioved, the discussion was resumed cn the third gas-
ran ee. M. Dronyn de Limy, recapitulated the double
object of *bat guarantee. The Stabilise Porte Niel the
prircipal pasty interested that its existence should be more
consaletely connected with the European equilibrium, the
Idinieter fur Foreign Affairs of France invited the Ottoman
plezipotentiaries to explain themselves first on this portion
of tae question.
Axle Pectin is of opinion that it could be settled in •
atufeetory manner by a stipulation conceived in the follow-
ing terms:
"The contracting powers wishing to manifest the im-
por.ance which they attach to the participation of the Otto
MU Empire in the advantages of the system established by
nubile law between the different European states, declare
tem they consider that empire as forming, henceforward,
an integral pert of that system, sad mutually under-
tabs to r.•epect its territorial integrity and independence as
an essential condition of the al equilibrium."
the plenipotentiaries of France and Great Britain gave
their entire sdbesion to the principle established by the
Moister fir Foreign Affairs of the Sublime Porte.
Tne plenipotentiaries of Russia ale) concur is it. In
explaining their idea they add, that they do not intend
(berth, to pledge their court to a territorial guarantee.
E. Drouya ae Lhuys, with the view of recording with
MOM precision the principle onivenally admitted, proposes
the wording of so article which is adopted.
Oo an observation of Count Buol that it was also nous-

eery to anticipate the possibility of a mieunderatanding be.
terra the Sublime Porte and one of the contracting powers,
it was agraed to draw up a second article, hereto annexed,
topethar with the first, ander letter A.

Oue of the object; of the third guarantee being thus
sr►soged, the other portion of the question is introduced,
namay, the cessation of the Russian preponderance in the
Blare Sea.

Pd. Drouyn de Lbuys explains his visors on this matter.
He clictatts, that the most natural and most allSeactious

meat sof pu.tting an end to the preponderance of
the Black Bea, conside in the limitation of the maritime

tortes v hick vie maintains there. Russia having accepted
the principle of the cessation of IL r preponderance in the
Black Sea, the French government did not expect to see t,,e
princtial means of {carrying it into effect excluded by the
declaration of the plenipotentistiso of Russia, that they
would consider all limitation as encroaching on the sove-
reign rights of the Emperor their Eisner.
He enters into the question at large, with the view to,
prove t'-at every treaty implies a certain restriction of the
rights of sovereignty, which, nevertheless, being freely
accepted, is in nowise derogatory to sovereign dignity.
C insioeting the question as the facts now stand he states
that the Biach Sea is at this moment occupied by the forces
of the three powers only, to the exclusion of Russia. Those
powers, in possession of the Black Sea, will remain in that
position so long as the war shall last. It is therefore not
for them to demand co,tcessions from Russia. Wishing to
lay down the question correctly, it would he more exact to
say that it is tor Ruuia to ask of the three powers on what

ociatlitions they will consent w put an sod to the mansion
in which her war flag is at present plac.d. To impose on
herself a moderate limitation in order to re-enter into

session of a portion of her a:rrereignty which in fact a no
longer in the bands of Ruasis, would therefore be to make
ila as • man altogether reonable and justified by the circum-
stances. That sacrifice would be all the more justified and

honourable, as it would contribute essentiallj to give to
Rurope a pledge (or the duration and solidity of the pm:
which it is endeavoured to re-establish.

After haring added that it was his earnest desire to este-
blWh that tLe propositions to be made to Russia were per-
fectly honourable, and that by refusing them the would
place herself completely in the wrong, he read the articles
3 to 10, a copy of which is herewith annexed, marked B.
In entering upon the preliminaries of peace, with the ex-
ception of the changes to be made in the wording, those
articles would be, according to him, sufficient to ealm
Europe, and to secure the integrity and independence of the
Ottoman empire.
Baron de Bourqueney has nothing to add, either to the
easiness of the explanation or the force of the arguments
which the hl‘nister for Foreign Affairs of France has made
use of.

Lord John Russell maintained that, under ordinary cif. I
en:Bottom, a power which regards as excessive the force of
• neighbouring power can have recourse to its own re-
sources for the re establishment of the balance. It was I
thus, for Domaine, that Great Britain, on being informed,
about 20 years rgo, that Russia had increased her Baltic
fleet, limited herself to the strengthening of her own navy.
Nevertheless, the Black Sea is placed in an exceptional
Monition. The principle of closing this sea having been in
all times • rule of the Ottoman empire, cams by the treaty
of 1141 under the public law of Europe. Of the two
Powers which alone command the shores of the Black Sea,
the one, already very etreng, continually augments her forces,
while the other is weakened by the wars which she bee hod
successively to carry on against Russia. In this state of
things England regards the excessive increase of the Russian
fleet in the Black Sea as • perpetual menthe hanging over
the Bosphorus and Constantinople, whither that fleet could
in a very short time transport considerable land forces.
Turkey net finding in her own forces the guarantees for
security which she herself and, with her, Europe, has the
right to demand, it is just to look for them in the diminu-
tion of the maritime forces of the other sea-bordering
Powers, in a proportion that would put an end to the
menacing character of those forces. That sacrifice being
necessary for the repose of Europe, the Emperor of Russia
could not, in his opinion, qualify it as derogatory to his dig-
nity. To admit that the Ottoman empire is an essential
element of the European equilibrium, end to wish to main-
tain at the same time a perpetual menace directed against
that empire, would appear to Dim an obvious contradiction.
In the point of view of military honour, there would be in
hie opinion, in an adhesion to the ideas developed by the
Minister for Foreign Affairs of France, nothing that could
disturb the susceptibility of any one. The armies which are
attacking Sebastopol, and that which is defending that for-
tress, have equally covered themselves with glory, and
military honour is safe on both sides.
The Earl of Westmorland, in concurring in the opinion
of his colleague, brings forward in support of the proposed
mode of solution considerations founded on the reciprocal
undentandiog of riverain states.
Count Buol sees in the project under discassion an effica-
cious method for terminating the effusion of blood, and for
securing Europe against the excessive disproportion which
exists between the respective forces of the two states bor-
dering on the Black Sea. Re establishes as a general
theory that to pretend to limit the land or sea forces of •
foreign power would be to encroach on her sovereign rights.
On the other hand, the unlimited increase of the military
establishment of one power authorises others to make it a
subject for representation. Applying this rule to the excep-
tional position of the Ewan., • closed sea, where an ag-
gressive tendency can alone be attributed to an indefinite
development of the maritime forces of one of the bordering
powers, he considers that in this special cue, and in these
inland seas, the limitation is just, and nowise of a nature to
compromise the sovereign dignity.
Baron Prokesch said that Austria mast strongly desire to
an Russia accept the proposition in question, which, in his
eyes, is calculated to calm Enrage, and to place facts in
harmony with the assurances of the Cabinet of St. Peters-

burg.
Prima Gortohakoff asks the Minister for Foreign Affain
of Austria if the limitation of the Russian forces in the
Black Bea, which Count Bud had admitted to be an
exception to • general principle recognised by himself,
were in his opinion to be accomplished by means of car-
eer, in case Russia were to refuse to concur in it sponta-
neously.
In answering this question, Count Beol declares that Am-
in., fur the present, supports the project under discussion.
by recommending it to the adoption of Russia, but that is
other respects be must reserve for the Emperor his master
full liberty as to the choice of means by which he may 006.
alder it expedient eveatually to give his support to this pros
pc anion.
Prince Gortchakoff having reserved to himself the right
of explaining himself at the next conference as to the pro-
poSed mode of solution, M. Dronyn de Lhoys brings forward
all the urgent motives which tell in favour of an immediate
decision, iasisting particularly on being informed at least ,
at once, if the plenipotenixnes of Russia accept or not ttie
broad principles of the per.jett, subject to an ulterior er-
rsogement of details.
In the discussion which foUowed on this subject, the
plenipotentiaries of Russia maintained that it is not to them
that the delays and tardiness of the negotiation CV/ with
justice be attribute's. Prince Gortchakod said that he was a
party to the prinri.ple that each should propose individually
his own mode of execution, but that seeing before him on
I this occasion a ern combined amongst four, on • 'oasis which
he had always indicated as a rock to be avoided, he thought
he had a good right to ask, for the purpose of maturely
weighing ie.is plan, which he had only heard rapidly read,
as much tkme so had been necessary for preparing it, via.,
WIN 24 'SOWS.
XlT.meoye de Lanus observed that if, in the system pro-
Polo'4, NAOMI bad anything to object to the fining of a eer-
tem mater, and the direct and immediate intimation of
'.bat number by the confirm* to the ROW= pleaipoteo-
Mario, o Ore Thee devised which w NUM this
dealt diftnft. pleMpOrstlepiss Ridk ems the
Pena amid sem Is seme- whismiladke with sod Mime is
the masses ed the saalweewe, let basis of eetutterpelm of
I tiwir mereelive leme, "bleb non a
oottsd is aa
eneogemist which they @bowl& mutually elga, sad which,
gummed to the treaty, dwelt lave the Nate !else sad the
MIMI hum