The Express.
London, England, 1863-08-19 00:00:00

AMERICA.

The Baltimore eorrespondent of the New York
Herald furnishes the following particulars of
General Lee's late operations :
General Lee fought the betties of Gettysburg with the
eight divisions of Generals Early and Rhodes (of Ewell's
corps), Heth, Pander, and Anderson (the whole of Hill's
corp.), and hi'Law, Hood, and Picket (the whole of Long-
street's corps)—• total strength of 87,000 men. His loathe
in those battles were, killed, 2,439 ; wounded, 14.580 (of
whom about half were left in oar hands at Gettysburg and
the remainder sent to Richmond) ; and prisoners, 6,235 ;
total, 23,3 U. This reduced his force to 64,000 men.
He retreated to Hagerstown. however (according
to this account), not on account of these losses,
bat because all the ammunition of his artil-
lery had become exhausted in the terrible cannonad-
ing of July 3, and, in point of fact, he did receive a
large supply of ammunition on the 9th of July, while hi
army mut in line of battle near the old field of Antietam.
On reaching Hagerstown, however, on the 6th and 7th, he
was joined by Johnston's division of Ewell's corps, 8,000
men, and by the troops which he had left at Williamsport,
10,000 men (who had driven back the 4,000 Union troops
sent there by General French on the 4th to destroy the
bridge). These, with General Stuart's cavalry, in-
creased his force to 90,000 or 94,000 men, which
was his real strength from the Bth to the 14th
of July. These facts were doubtless known to Gene-
ral Meade, and had their weight in deciding him not to
bring on an engagement with the enemy on the 13th.
Geoeral Lee, on hi pert, ascertained by MOWN of prisoners
captured in the skirmish near Boonebom' on the 11th that
Meade had been heavily reinforced, and from that moment
he changed his plans so far as they related to Meade on the
north of the Potomac. He resolved to put that stream
between the two armies in order to gain time. He deter-
mined to move his army back again to the line of the Rap-
pahannock ; for he knew that by doing so he could compel
General Meade not only to cross the Potomac, but
also that he could draw the army of the latter down
at lest to the Rappahannock, perhaps beyond that stream.
General Lee, therefore, now holds the line of the Rappa-
hannock with 110,000 troops. It is his hope, and the hope
of the rebel government, that General Meade will lead his
army across that stream, and advance with it towards
Richmond. Indeed, it is believed at Richmond that this
will be done under orders from General Halleck. Positive
intelligence has been received at Richmond from Washing-
ton to the effect that Halleck has declared "that he will
take that city this summer, and by a campaign over the over-
laud route, if he has to lead the army himself ; for by
so doing, that he would also annihilate Lee's army."
That is just what General Lee wishes Halleck to attempt,
for he feels confident of defeating any army which marches
against Richmond, and when he has done that he will
move on Washington. If, however, no movement on our
part towards Richmond shall have been made by the middle
of August, it is understood that General Lee will then
himself assume the offensive, and commence another cam-
paign against Washington. The two great errors into which
he fell in his late campaign were in his making each a wide
detour to the west and north of Washington, ant in not
having enough troops. He regards these as the causes
of the failure of the late campaign, and he will
avoid them in the next. He will have by the
time indicated 150,030 troops and 300 pieces of
artillery; 2),01)0 of his troops will be cavahy. Stuart's
cavalry already constitutes one-half of this force. He pro-
cured the horses for the remainder during hi campaign in
Pennsylvania. They are already mounted, and he is now
engaged in drilling them and organising them into squadrons
and brigades. His infantry will consist of the three corps
of Ewell, Longstreet, and A. P. Hill, each 40,000 strong,
and each corps will have 100 pieces of artillery and
2,000 artillerists. It is said to be his intention
in this campaign to move front Fredericksburg
direct to Alexandria, by way of Banks' Ford, Dumfries,
and Occcquan, or else by way of ilanameas Junction,
Centreville, end Fairfax to Arlington Heights. The dis-
tance is only 50 or GO miles. The chain of 32 forts on the
west side of the Potomac affords a formidable defence, but
General Lee calculates that there must be some week
spots in the chain where he can force an entrance ; and
once in possession of Arlington Heights he will find
means to cross the river and enter the capital. If the
forte math be stormed he intends to storm them. It may
cost hint the lives of 50,00) of his soldiers, bat he is
determined to have possession of Washington before Sep-
tember, even at that heavy cost.

The Cunard screw steamer Olympus, Captain
Muir, from New York on the oth instant, arrived
in the Mersey shortly after three o'clock yesterday
afternoon.

The Recorder of New York, charging the grand
jury iu reference to the late riot; made the follow-
ing remark :

One of the worst signs of the times has been the preys•
lent disregard of, and want of respect for, the laws and the
lawfully constitute I authorities. Dangerous men have, by
example and precept, taught the people to disregard and
disobey constitutional and legal obligations, and sometimes
on one pretext and sometimes upon another have counte-
nanced (if they have not counselled) disobedience and re-
sistance. The evil teachings of misguided and wicked men
have not been without their effect. They have taken deep
root iu the popular mind. Infidelity to constitutional and
legal obligations has produe:d its brood of evils. It is in-
fidelity and the false teachings and example of partisans of
various sects and parties, aided as they have been by causes
and elements which are always actively at work in times of
war and civil convulsions, urged on by the spirit of lawless-
ness a hich they have created, that have recently produced
in this city an outbreak which resulted in violence andenor-
mities without a parallel in tbe history of the country. The
immediate muse of this was opposition to the enforcement
of the conscription-law; but tins cause would have been
wholly inadequate to the result, if the poison of constitu-
tional and loyal infidelity, and of false teaching and perni-
cious example, had not been infused into the popular mind.
The outbreak was fearful—its results dreadful. Whatever
may (have been the muse, and whoever may have been
responsible for the terrible consequences, one thing is cer-
tain, the plea of resistance to the draft affords no justification
or excuse, and it is the duty of every public officer and
every private citiaan to labour with all his strength to
bring to justice and to judgment the men who have violated
all law, outraged all decency, and trampled upon all rights.
The grand jury found true bins against 18 of
the rioters.