The Express.
London, England, 1862-03-18 00:00:00

THE BUDOWL

Is reply to Er. Ilona";
The CHANCELLOR at the EXCHEQUER said he
hoped to make hie Rameial stationed au Thursday, the 3rd
d April.
INTERNATIONAL MARITLVE LAW—ADJOURNED
DEBATE.

Mr. LINDSAY, on behalf of the hon. member for
Rochdale (Mr. Cobden, in whose name the debate stood ad-
journed), regretted to say that hie boa. friend had informed
him that be was suffering from an extreme cold, which
made him so hoarse as utterly to incapacitate him from
taking part in the debate, though he hoped to be able to do
so at a later period of the evening. He therefore hoped the
house would allow him to offer a few remarks on the ques-
tion now under discussion. He certainly thought his
lionolusble friend (Mr. Honda) had taken the
only coons which was open to him ; and that if he
oteradered the present Mats of international law to be un-
satisfactory, he was quite right in stating that opinion to
the house. He (Mr. Lindsay) was on. of those who bad
bees of opining, ever since the Deolaratim el Paris, that
sooner or later thin subject smut some under the cionelders-
non of the hones. a 1111111 mid thaw this was a ship-
owner's, a merchant's. sad a taadsr's seinniss.
That argument was used, end there might be
some value in it if It could be stoma that the whole
community would be benefited by any lose befalling them.
(Hoar.) Was it possible for these three elms to suffer
without injuring the whole annsansity ? Ms denied that
it wr. The warm cad moch ask" end the ismissOy
generally, must staffer if these threes. Ann swileneL He
ventured to say that the community wesM haut te parr-
cbage articles of consumption at a threskil adheasei prise
if the merchants had to their 4_28.1.4 • *MIL

Po&
He hoped that the more humane view of this question would
previa Let it be borne in mind that burning, plunder, sad
destruction was • game that two could play at, and that if
we had a larger sleet than other oountries, we lied far more
mpe.)rty to be burned, plundered, and destroyed. (Hear,
hear
The LORD ADVOCATE did not know whether the
resolution wee meant to apply to blockades ae
well as to the capture of enernY's property when carried
under • beWsereut's flag ; but certainly the arguments
used by the speakers in favour of the resolution would apply
M well to the one as to the other. If we could arrange
that pirate property should be spared in time of war we
might get rid of our Beets and armies, disband our volun-
teers, and yet be safe against invasion. for no foreign power
could set foot on these shorts without violating the rights
of private property. (Hear. hear.) The true object of war
was a just peace. The justification of war was self-de-
fence. (Hear, hear.) Whatever, therefore, wen secesemy as
materially conducing to self-defame, or to the attairunent
of • just peace, wm permissible and legitimate in war. In
his opinion wherever the advantage to he pined in actual
war was not porpoitionste to the to injury be inflicted, you
are not entitled to indict the injury. War when waged
ought to be short, and sharp in order that it might he short.
That was the true humanity of the question. It was said
that private property is ;leered on laud. It is not. He
knew no principle more opposed to the inveterate mo-
ttos of nations. The true - of lar

LOnt.irr i - principle w is ins— That principle was use..-._.., then, a_
far having on •previous occasion misinformed him oo this that you are entitled to take the property of your It wesintworable sow. The result would be that in the
subject. lie would, therefore, take that opportunity of seem,' whenever you and it. War hope with othe of linked being a belligerent, all her goods must be
mak* a abort se:dement to the house. It was only at the euthargoce—they were followed by reprint; then, perbeps, carried to sea br eentrals, to the absolute ruin of
end of le,k, week that the Foreignofliee received informs- an invading army landed io the enemy's country. The the shipowners. The only remedy was that which was
Sinn whieb enabled hint to correct his former statement. It first etep of that armed force ou the shore was a violation contained in the proposition of the resolution, namely,
woe true as he stated before that two gentlemen, one the of the rights of private property. Trees were cut down, extending the principle to the merchant shipping of
purser of the so-culled Confederate vessel Sumter, eccoru- chateaus occupied, core cut, the troops fed—although it the belligerents. He did not deny that this principle was
panierl by the United States ex-consul at Cadiz, were pro- army was well officered the food was paid for—the army opposed to the ancient theory of war ; bat the present
esediug on a voyage from Cadiz to Lisbon. It appeared cc- marched through the country and set down before a eitedeL proposition woo bat a corollary to the declaration of Paris
cording t. Myers the pettesea statement, that, hearing ,No citizen was allowed in or out, no matter how materially which led set at naught the old theorise of war. He eon-
that a fellow-citizen was ill at Tangier, they landed and his interests might be thereby affected ; and during the tended that this principle had been accepted and acknow.
went to see him. They were returning to the beat to em- , siege private as well as public property was destroyed. lodged by Lord Palinerstou, aid by the decision of a
bark, when the. met the America. consul, accompanied by I Privets rights mast always in war ho rt.:Mired to public committee of the house, while even Lord Derby and
a bloorieh guru{, 17 whom they wee arrested and placed emergency. (Hut, bear.) It was true that private debts Fir! Russell, who objected to its adoption at the
in citstody. They were moat heavily ironed, and con- were not confiscated, but that was on tits pound that it time, now admitted that it was irrevocable, and there-
teal in a moat improper place, though afterwards . would be perfidious and treacherous to cancel a debt 111 war fore must be prepared to assent to Ha obvious and
flmovol to soother quarter. Thereupon the oummeoder , which was honourably contracted peace. AU this showed eseeneary extension. All that was asked was, that the
of the siniter wrote a liter to the Moorish authorities, ' the principle that private as well as public property was principles of war which prevailed as regarded private pro-
seeding 10. letter to Mi. Hay, and requesting Mr. Ilay. who liable to be violated and interfered with for the purposes of petty on land should be adopted with reference to private
wise her %sooty'. minister st Tangier, to give that letter to war, and no restriction exists except when such violation property at sea. At the conference a new principle
the lbeekel, authentic's, and to sees his °Muerte° 1111 behalf . was out conducive to the general interest. It was seta- and a new law was established with the concurrence
of ti.e ism i..iniere. Mr. Ilay delivered the letter, but declined !dished by interuational law that all cominerce cowed from of the majority of the civilised nations of the world ;
to take step en behalf of the prisoners. This took the declaration of war, and that an enemy's commerce might which was to be permanent for all time, and would not
place en thealts the_kith the United States sloop be destroyed. The juatiticasion wits, that by the destruc- be placed in the category of treaties which might
leo arn.el at Pauper; the captain landed with a number ties of his commerce the enemy was necessarily weakened, be heoken when the parties to it bums belligerents.
of the crew an 4 proceeded to the consulate. Tito and rendered lees likely to succeed. They had the Our mercantile marine had increased to 12,0K0C0 or
Nome& government, in the meantime• had beard that same niht to do so as to blockade an eseiny's 13,000,000th05, and that of the United Slates had inereasc4
Moe gentlemen were arrested on political accusations alone, port, and by each the ridlms of private property far more than our own. The devastation that would be
read bat soot a letter of remenstrance to the consul. are vielated. The right of blockading and of de- canoed would be something enormous. He asked *ebonite.
The newish declined) to Meter the primmer.. falling back on stroying an enemy's ',outman.e could not he gives up in thee, if this change made in 1856 was possible ;if it now
ea article en, the treaty which had been concluded between the interests of humanity. Uft was given op operations on could not be recalled, did the house or the noble lord bre
Morore” and the rested mute.. In enter to explain the lead would succeed operations at sea, and there should be lieve it would be for a long time possible to resist the pro-
ekeumaterwes. it wins °cemetery for Lim to refer to our own an innneuse nacre:me of the stead* army. (Hear, hear.) position of the Los. member for Liverpool ? He hoped it
betty with ;gnomon. By the 1I th article of the treaty Tbe laud fume should be doubled, and in all likelihoods might be possible to resist Ate 100 years to come, because
between bee Majerty uml the Emperor of Morocco, it large number of mercenaries employed. The result would whilst there were no wars and rumours of war, no calamity
wee provided that if the British consuls, vice-consuls, or be, in the long run, that the country would get into a could hippos to the commute or to the shipowners of this
esseelar ageets should have at say time occasion to re- chromic state el war, with its strongest arm tied behind its country. But if war should arise, then wkat
"ma the eatistariee of the soldiers or arms of the Moorish back--(bear, hear while its resources for self-deduce he (Mr. Bright) had described would come about,
erenwerseet iu arresting or sunsporting env Rhea would be greatly wished. Oar naval supremacy would end then the noble lord or his successor would
subject. that request should be complied with by be lost because there would be no great commercial into• find how great the pressure would be to &bro-
ths goecianemot of the Knower of Morocco, on psymeut rest stoat to possess. sad defend, sod we should no longer gate what wee does by the declaration of Paris, or
of the meal fees ; and by the Tied article of the be able to issietele our rights against the world as effect- else to do what the hon. member for Liverpool now wished
treaty between the Emperor of Morocco cad the United ivaly se at present
should be does. He supposed the hones did not believe in
one. it wee pew that any Vatted Staten coastal mid- Sir S. NORTHCOTE thought his hoe. fri&ad lied the revolution which duns, the last six or wen years
Mg at any 'elk"' al ' all the Firs gee of the consul deserved well of the country in calling attention to the bad takes place in war aid in Gammen». The peopase of
fmy other walls& was. it Mime Mown in Tangier matter ; and he trusted that it would be dealt with is a industry and the force of commercial interests 1101 became
lilgi tleeegedYms, were ohm* Is be transferred to the less summary manner than. they had beard indicated from so mighty—be might almost say so omnipotent—as to
imp Ise • large asessollige task plese ; they threatenedthe Treasury beech. (Hoer. bear.) He coefeesed, however, reader it attraly impossible that the maim* theories sad
Me eruct ea. earl tareemo time a serious riot wee appro. Wt the antseedeate ot the prune* govercrnent were we; themelest palmy GI war could be maintethed. (Hear,
besded. The Hafted Metes wend en* ter Mr. Hay, bet such as to give him retire emblems epos this point. He bear.) To wage war was not the one peat object sad pun
boas Were declined te litterhoh Ho ties tell back open was fully aware et the difileelkies which beet the whole pose at war, end pre fat war were net the woe
Ow erldide et the treaty, whisb sae very wide in It. terms ; subject, tar did he ivory the diMealties that lay be the peat whisk puiiamente were sr
bt thetasty ;Ism mzgeeglp S. satin)., sad the way of adopting his hen. friend's motion. He was sot Mar serobledr= knew that one peal hawks&
slabt of petering isteene had always ml peopled to take his seat upon • principle and ride writer. orb mother ot the Mateo al the Ankh
bees en needed to the Masi* prnernmest. TM I wawa smetry upon notthout coevideitt the hum that Roaggia "sag* of Cloth. ehe pink said be was
yew sums man.. aassam. pima ge hens thet maid have to er. He ma el to atm • sees In whose epee male( was weed bat war, and the
Misprelettes et the trimly, .4 woe He elesemlemes Mt& tdwed had no wish to sialweeso the parwresasude sad seep to asks fie nay prolossoi to be a pitlimmoot et or

lightened days, end the parliament of a Christian country,
and he thought they had other objects. But he was of
opioion that war, notwithstanding the great armameuta
that were in preparation, was coustemilly becoming more
difficult end more remota, and he looked forward to a tune,
seeing the shams which were now taking place in the po-
' lineal and commercial condition of all nations, when com-
mercial interests would assume the superiority to
which they had a right over the tendencies
to war, winch operated too strongly upon the de-
mands of states and the counsels of their rulers.
In his eyes the victories of warriors were not greater than
three d civilians or of statesmen. The great men of our
day were the engineers who made the great industry of the
pee*. In his view they were passing out of darkness into
env and those measures which the boo.member for

Liverpool recommended would be acceptable to
every merchant and every shipowner in the country.
The honourable member did not ask the house
then to come to au absolute decisionon the question.
His motion was not brought forward to embarrass or
to be in hostility to the government—(hear, hear)—it was
intended to offer to parliament a fair and free opportunity
for discussion. That discussion had taken place ; and the
subject had been handled with various ability by speakers
on both sides of the house, but, on the whole, with great
candour and great fairness. Notwithstanding the dec-
tato of the noble lord, he would now perhaps think that
he had been rather precipitate in the expression of his
opinion, and he (Mr. Bright) should not be surprised to find
before log an unanimous cabinet—if only foreign nations
were willing to give their adhesion to the principle;
and from his own information he could state that they were
so disposed. (Ironical cheers.) There was no doubt about
the United States ; there was no doubt about Russia ;be
believed there was no doubt about Pianos ; and whenever
the people of this country should have made up their minds
upon this question, and parliament should enable the go•
vernment to act, he believed there would be
found ao difficulty on the part of say fa
nip nation. He might say, and he might be
pointed at, as he had been a hundred times befogs, as a
bknd of peace,d
that he would rather be • friend of place
in the humble position of life than • friend of war in
the highest—(cheers)--and if the house would accept now,
freely and unanimously, the proposition of the bon. mambo;
fat Liverpool, it would be conferring on the people of this
country a great advantage, and upon itself an endless
renown. (Chews.)
The SOLICITOR-GENERAL mid, after listening to the
debate, it appeared to him that the arguments in favour of
the resolution were founded almost entirely epos the deolata
tion of Paris. But there were reasons in favour of ell
=g
fromeaptare enemy's goods under a neutral flag which
tinto a pro opal to lot enemy's ships se free. It was argued
the event of war, • great part of oar carrying trade
pass into the hands of neutrals ; bat ankle the -advan-
I:ispnpooderated in favour of a change, it was wise to
to eacrifices rather than imperil the peat interests
of the astir. He urged, on the other bend, the evils that
would spring from adopting the recoromendation of Mr.
Rainfall, and pointed out what he oonsidered to be fallacies
in the attempt to establish an ambit, between maritime
welfare and warfare on land. The advocates of the propo-
sition, he observed, had abstained from touching upon the
sabject dblockade • but it would be difficult to draw
a char line of distinction between other maritime belli.
great rights and the right of bloshade, and atter the em-
ceed= contended for had been an argument would
inevitably sprigs up against With regard to the
securities for the mutual observance of sash • cosethion,
he cited an instance which, he remarked, should be a
warning to us not to trust too mash to ta with
other nations, for the breath of which Ile excuses
would never be wanting,
Mr. WALPOLE admitted • large part of the arguments
of the Solicitor-General to be conclusive upon the question •
but thoes which dealt with the declaration of Paris RIM;
not, in his opinion, so conclusive or even satisfactory. He
dwelt upon the iIIOODYISIOSCOI and the difficulties attending
that declaration, whisk pm up a point of importance,
abandoning • safeguard and protection of our maritime ra-
pretnaey, and be called foe some more cogent argument in
de Amor if it were to be binding upon us, or for some u.
aunties that this one-sided declaration shall be, if possible,
amended.

and the more remote those other nations are the more
likely such quarrels will be to arise. In the case
of those distant countries your navy will obviously be the
coly means you will lave by which to extort redress. It
may be aaid' perhaps, that you might bombard their
towns. But that is not • aurae that any one would re-
commend you to adopt. It would, in fact, be much
worse than taking private property, for it would be
destroying numbers of people who have had nothing
to do with the cause of quarrel between the two coun-
tries—(hear, hsar)—sad what is the claw in this
country who are not interested in maintaining the power
of our navy ? Clearly it is those who, having transactions
with foreign nations, are mores likely than any other to Le
the objects and subjects of injury and wrong. (Hear, hear.)
I should hope that under these circumstances the bon.
gentleman will be satisfied with the debate which
has arisen, and with the very conflicting support which
he has received from differeut hon. members—(la4oW)
I think the hon. gentleman would himself be at a lea to
know what is the sense which hie resolution is understood
to beer ; and I should hope, therefore, that lie will be con-
tent with the mysterious vagueness in which it has been in-
volved. I trust he will be satisfied with the very sensible
speech, barring the opinions it cootained—(loud laughter)—
which he has made, and that he will not think it Deosseary
to press his motion to a division. (Loud cheers.)
Mr. ELSRAELI—I will only detain the house for • ao-
mat while I state the course which I intend to purees
with regard to this motion. I think there cannot be two
opinions as to the importance of the debate. To my mind
the subject of it is the most important that an engage our
attention.. I put it far higher than the subject of parlia-
mentary reform, even when that was a fact—namely, in the
year 18:12. (Laughter.) The discussion on that occasion
related to the distribution of power in England
but to-night it relates to the distribution of
power in Europe sad in the world. (Hear, hear.)
Now, bow has this question arisen? No doubt it is to be
traced to the declaration of Paris. I cannot agree with what
has fallen from the Solicitor-General with regard to the

merchants, except so far as roper their courage and
patrici an. It seems to me that it is in core-
quer" of their fear of • war with a foreign state
that this discussion has taken place. By the de-
claration of Paris we gave up a cardinal point in
or maritime code—(cheers)—and I think the noble lord
bas bra as rjust as he has been unancceinful in his endea-
vour tenor that the &hate hem been sot up oat el mud
to the individual interests of the commercial classes. There
is • feeling that the great change which has taken
place in our maritime code may prove pre-
Judicial to the supremacy of our naval power.
This is not a question of merely the shipping interest, it is a
guard° which macro the maritime strength of this
eanntry. If in esnesrisoce of the principle which you have
declared, that the Bag shall cover the cargo, you con-
vert the commerce of the country into neutral bottoms, yon
will have dealt • severe blow to our maritime power.
The maritime population will accompany the carrying trade,
and if you have not a preponderating maritime population
you orianot have • preponderating naval power. But the
noble lord say, " You have got ships, and ships cannot be
made in • day." But I suppose that the shipowners, if
their ship were not wanted, would take care to sell them.
(Hear, hear.) Then I say this is • most important co.-
sideration. If you take • step which in reality
sacrifices a cardinal point of your maritime code, that is •
circumstance which may surely impair your maritime
power. This debate dose not merely concern the interests
of the shipowners it has been conducted without any of
the heat and misrepresentation of party, but it is
one of an importance and interest which will
long and frequently occupy the attention of the house.
blear, hear.) The noble lord has certainly treated this
subject in a most extraordinary way. He has given ab-
emir reasons in favour of the change. It is very extra-
ordinary that so overtopped • staternaa, horn end bred
in the school of Grenville, Liverpool, and Canning, should
bring forward abstract mesas is favour of • ruin, and then
rely upon abstract argumaofa against its interpretation.
The noble lord vary lakly confessed that the bon. member
for -Birdashem had alesitylutd candidly placed before
the bore whet wen the reel ceases of this change. It was
on the eve of • wee with Burr when, remembering the
peat, it was trawl", that if rimier on the reran of
the principle that the flag ultra not cover the amigo, we
might be involved in a war with Amorists. If that were
a sufficient reason see how blunderingly we have
brought about the consequence, so far as it
affects the United States of Amalie*. (Hear, bear.)
Because at this moment, r my right boa. Meld (Kr.
Walpole) said, you might be at war with the United Slates,
and the United States !night carry ea their trade the whole
time under this prompt, and at the same time
pour forth a thousand privateers to prey epos your
merchant void. Therefore you have given op this
=riot of your maritime code roe • visionary
ion, which has placed your 00111111.7011 at the
the United States if war should take plata. That
s position of affairs, we have the motion of the hon.
for Liverpool, which his been described se the ea-
land d the unfortaame relinquishment of this
seadisi et oar smiths* rade. The brie lord denies
lieraibleidatmequerre; be cannot see the rune:ion bet ween
the ledurpetalket +3d& has been put routhe motion and
theedleimiliment of the ordinal point odour maritime code.
• Bud Ihmlbe noble ionisers to forget that be was himself
lie pike authority who announced this policy. The noble
lewd leavened WO miles to • 'orderable city
in order to proclaim the inevitable relinquish-
mint of this old principle of our maritime policy.
The noble loot no doubt has the right of changing his
°pinkie, bet them be is not so valuable an authority when
he does change his aioa. (" Bear, hear," sad laughter.)
The noble lard was ttry at War for twenty yams, fat
fifteen yeas he wee Secretary of State for Ford.
for forty ream be malt have been needitaliaghbar
sad mist
pulatiot this sad kindled sub Mete
And yet mem the meat important of litirm
4a • well-seaddared mesa delivered on a most
timete4evades, for it was a declaration to a notion, the
apple the ems onsebuion as my hoe. friend
the mamba* M,srpoel, sad now be tells es that be bas
dented hie . seathesals and *aims. (Bear.) Bat his
seetimmistad *Moon sow omen base that power of ea
*a at the immunity which thy had bubee he dived
that sakelsesis speech at liviersal AM be asirossills,
(" Hear," sad laughter.) He minl tiogelhommetilloise
Is drooling the nation hes • Osa witch he bed
hinaself orrery planned and peraW easoated. (Herd
hear.) That salutary lallesam of the aside lord is asw,
alas, ever; and however deuterons at revoluticeeny a
scheme may be, altbefsA he may ay " Wolf! welt!
wolf !" the words will save the country.
ter.) We have two alteratives before us, and I will
my opinion of both. I cannot myself te
the interest, of cosec and of the motion. 1
cannot believe that min and navies can flourish when
no longer. bound up with the intets and passions
of the nation. (Hear. how.) But I seem the poisibility of
immense corruption, and of some energetic man arising who
will turn new tactics and new artillery to destroy • flourish-
ing but dead community, and to establish a diffe-
rent state of society in its plaos. Nor do I conceive
how von can maintain our system of blockade if you
concede the principle for which the hon. member for
Liverpool contends. (Hear, hear.) Your navy will be
norm for aggression, and only useful for defence ; and the
remit will be that you will sinic into utter insignificance.
tHear, hear.) Yon may for a time accumulate treasures,
ut you must ultimately become the victims of a power
stronger and more unscrupulous than yourselves. (Hear.)
He could not therefore support this new view. Although
willing to admit the incoovenieoce and even the danger that
beset our present positioo, he Ital rested his confidence on
the patriotism of his countrymen, and on the fortunes of
hie country. which be believed was destined to remain peat.
He could not sere with the noble lord that the deelaratioe
of Paris was to be looked upon as one that was never to be
changed. The observations of the Secretary for War were
perfectly just, that as a general principle war terminated
treaties, but only between the belligerents. Other countries
who had been parties to the treaty would have • right to
have the treaty observed. The noble lord treated any
suggestion from those (the opposition) benches with den-
mien ; but be (Mr. Disraeli) had an authority that would
weigh with the hour, and that was the Secretary for
Foreign A Beira, who said, "I cannot but think that in
point of principle the declaration of Paris ought to be
altered. It is very grave in he bearings on
or maritime superiority." An opinion like that
from such a source ought to have great weight in that
assembly. He (Mr. Disraeli) did not know the present occu-
pations of the cabinet, whether they were as multifarious
as tree of the House of Commons. If they were not more
employed than the House of Commons—(laughter)—he
would suggest as the next subject for their meeting a consi-
deration of the means whereby the Secretary for Foreign
Affairs had suggested the treaty of Paris might be altered.
HORSFALL said that in compliance with the
opinion thrown out at both sides, he would not press the
motion to • division. He was content that the discussion
which bad taken place on it should go forth to the country.
The motion was accordingly withdrawn.
SUPPLY.

Led PALMERSTON observed that nothing was more
hmoossoloot than for the house to adopt a general and &b. I
street resolution, and the government, if called upon to act
upon this resolution, could only guess at the course they
were to purees from the arguments urged in support of it;
loathe &momenta were so ant that he was at a less
to know which were to be their guide. This, he thought,
was itself sufficient reason why the house should not smut
to the motion. With regard to the declaration of Paris, the
only now point mu that ma mesiny's property should be
free from altars in neat& vessels, and he insisted that
it was wise and politic to adopt that principle, and
be did not hesitate to say that they had no intention to go;
beck. Then came Mr. Holdall's proposition, which, it was
ssidaas a logical sequence of the declaration. This he
fir The declaration related to the position of neutrals
is time of war; but the proposition referred to the
podia= of belligerents towards each other. His opinion
was that if we gave up the power we possessed, sad
which ev.zmantime nation exercised, of seising ea
seamy's thereby reducing war almost to an 'atilt.'
cause of diplomatic relations, it would cripple our
main am of strength, inflict a fatal blow upon our
saved supremacy, and commit an act of political stakido.
Be had shared the opinion he expressed some yeas' ego
▪ likepool. The noble lord continued: Whm we
mkt es segegusesat with a neutral we have the resource
ei mar, het WWI yea are at war you have shot your bolt,
and eau he seals. more, but mist depend upon the honour
of the 'saw with whom your engagement has been made,
sod you have the further remedy that you may not con-
chide peace with that enemy unless ample reparation be
made for anything that may have bees done during the
war in oontravention of the principles previously esta-
blished. (Hear, hear.) It was said that the ples
laid down at Pin would be fats! to our commerce ead
shipping interest. (Hear, bear.) Why, the very argument
used by gentlemen who have taken part in the &bets new
tires the first part at the assertion. for they say our ann.
mese would go on without any interruption whatever ,•
that all that would happen would be to change the channel
in which it would flow ; that it would all be carried on by
neutrals with greeter safety than in our own slaPe.
It must, of inutile the inconvenience ; but, unfor-
tunately, it is of nature of war that it cannot be canted
on without inconvenience and Ices to all parties concerned.
If you could make war without inflicting suffering it would
become mere child's play, and might go on for ever without
soy practical result. But It has been mid that all our
would be carried on in neutral vessels. How is
out? It is to be presumed that the
of the world is carried on in ships,
and that the majority of the ships of the
world belong to this country. But, suppose that our ships
were thrown out of employment, where would others be got
sufficient to apply their places ? Ships cannot be built in
a day. We as., however, I believe, the most powerful
naval slate in the world,tead we have sliest which, I trust,
would, in case of war, be superior to say adversary. We
may Dope that the ships of our deanery will either suffer
defeat or be eoneeed to their port' ; and then,
when our maritime superiority was thus established,
the dauger to our merchant ships would proportion-
ably diminish. This is sot the first attempt to set up the
interest of one class spied that of the whole country. We
remember bow the agricultural interest objected to fee
trade in ooro, and how ultimately they found that the
change increased their prosperity. It wee so with certain
branches of our manufacturing industry, and it ha been so
with that very shipping uttered in the use of the abolition
of the navigation laws. The shipping interest insaginee that
because the first effect of the present system bean upon
them it ought not to take place, and if it could be shown
that what they ask would be an injury to the country
generally, it must ultimately be an injury to them
ea well ea the rest. In an island like this, with an army
which is never surficieotly numerous to be sent for peed
its operations beyond ere, we must mainly rest upon our
naval power, and we must use it by destroying the 00,1-
Inerce, and taking the ships and crews of our antagonist.
Honourable members have argued this question uif it
were mearly one of goods and ships, but they forget that
when you make captures
would
take not only the ships, bet
the sailors, who otherwise have pee book
to their own country and become our enemies. (Hear, hear.)
Suppoiae7—a 000tingency which nobody could with to see—a
war to arise between Eoglauil and France. The Free& seed
annually 20,000 seamen to their fisheries, as a nursery la
case of necessity ; but if the principle which has been ad-
vocated to-night were to prevail, our ships might be blockad-
ing L'Orient, or Brest, or Cherbourg, and these 20,000sailure
might pun our floolcar.drd go in to man the ships which we
were actually . (Hear hear.) For these
miaow my opinion decidedly is that if you give up
the power which you and all other nation, at
present parses of taking the ships and goods and crews of
of nations with which you happen to be at war, you will
be crippling your right arm, inflicting a fatal blow ea your
naval power, and in fact committing, as I said before, an
art of political suicide. (Hear, bear.) If you allow the
ships to pass you must allow the men also, for bow could
you say, " We respect the ship and cargo, but the sailors
we must detain.' if you have part you must have
ell, and that will include the sailors who
may be used *gamiest you in war. This is
evidently a thing that oouid not be done. You would
have to permit a number of sailors to be taken into the
French ports in merchantmen to man their war navy, which
would then come out and fight your ships. It appears to me
that if the positioes of the hon. gentleman ware
agreed to it would reduce war almost to an interchange of
diplomatic notes. If yen attempted to establish a block-
ade you would invade private property. For how do you
establish a blockade but by esimag the ships which attempt
to break it ? And what k braking a blockade? That it
not a matter so clear bat that an Infinite number of ques-
tions may arise epos it ; u for example, how far
a ship may eons oat of the blockaded port,
or how near one meek 'mewl it in order
to Whose as intestlea to break it. (limr, hear ) If,
therefore, you adopt the imotioo of the hon. gentleman you
will °tipple your main arm for ell the purpeere of war.
We are all speed that war is a thing
_that is greatly to he
availed. I hope that the emery wit mover ease is as
unjust one; bat so }sag es Mums mature raisins is
—so keg as =anklet are ambitious, unjust, tyrenaisel, sad
oppessive—so toe& espeolelly, es they thisk they ism
ea opportunity of heel** ill with impiety hos mite.
leg—ect bag will metier Mos this erestry, With 11141
=metered ell over the globe, and living is every hill
the faith of treatise—se leer will mations like cabs
liable to have*. greasits of gaunt with toesigs eoustates

that made

The report of gmly IV-as g:lit up cud received.
CHANMRY REGULATION BILL.
This bill was brought up and read a second time.
°HABITABLE DONATIONS AND BEQUESTS (IRE-

LAND.
Yr. HANSARD obtalaad leav)e to bring in a bill to
weed the laws relating to obaritable donations and be-
quests in Ireland.
BUILIALII IN ENGLAND AND WALES.

Kr Y. obt;inarlaav• to introdoco a bill to maks
greyish). with respect tO burials in Ragland and Wale".
..111011NY BILL AND MARINEMIITINY BILL.

Sir G. LEWIS obtained leave to bring in these bills,
which !were laid on the table sad read a first

The ii,;,;e7dirt7n7.l

Nzwirewezes' DiemLzarr AND Paommer
IxamintoN.—Tlie annual festival in aid of the charity will
take place in the peat hall of the Treumeces' TIMM se
Tuesday. May 20 ; Mr. Charles Mekong, the preirleet of
the lastitidina. in the chair. On this occasion ladies wal
jela tieimithetra at arse.
Vir• sag Dv Desses FOOD the safest remedy Ise
Ism=.
Ink ceseirs. ap mvie %ma
fa ~ rimdim la or, ; lift. bee ef aoriga
wharriztas=tr.ract