The Express.
London, England, 1852-12-31 00:00:00

TURKEY.

By the Levant mail we have received Constanti-
nople journals to the 14th. The Turkish cabinet
continued to be occupied with financial questions, and
had resolved upon certain reductions of salaries,
which it was calculated would cause a saving of
between 30,000,000 and 40,000,000 piastres a year
(between 8 and 11 millions of francs).
The Journal de Cmstantinnple denies that, as
stated by the Vienna papers, ltussia has recognised
the independence of Montenegro. It also complains
that the financial embarrassments of the government
arc greatly exaggerated by the German journals,
though how this can be does not well appear. It
announces that there was no truth in repots that
were current that the provinces of Bagdad and Mos-
soul had been invaded and occupied by the Arabs of
the Desert. Ahmed Atti Bey hail left on a mission
for Tunis. Private accounts from Constantinople
state that the Bank had ceased to issue bills of ex-
change, and the Porte had ordered that no issue
should take place until it should be decided whether
the Bank was to continue or wind up its affairs.
The anxiety of the commercial interest was very
great, and a prompt solution of the point win ear-
nestly hoped for. Paper money was at a discount
of eight per cent., and the Bank would not receive
it. Gold and silver had also become scarce, and
commercial transactions were menaced with inter-
ruption.
The Dehats states, on the authority of its corres-
pondence from Constantinople, that Afif Bey had left
fur Syria to carry into execution the conventions be-
tween the Sublime Porte and France on the subject
of the Holy Places. According to this account the
attachi: of the French embassy had been sent to
Jerusalem with instructions on the same subject.
The Russian government was very dissatisfied with
what has been done in this affair; and its ambassa-
dor at Constantinople had sent off two couriers to
Jerusalem, withorders to leave the city if ►fif Bey
should execute the conventions between the Porte
and France.

LORD PALMERSTON ON THE ISLAND OF

CUBA.

VISCOUNT retatiastoN TO LORD ItOWDEN.

Foreign.othec, Oct. 17, Isll.

•
MT LORD,—With reference to the satisfaction
expressed by the Spanish government at the orders given
to her Majesty's cruisers to prevent any band of when-
turers of any nation from lauding in Culoa to excite or to
join insurrection, I have to instruct your lordship to say
to the Spanish government that the best way in which it
could make its acknowledgments fur this measure on the
part of her Majesty's government would ha by punctually
fulfilling the treaty engagements of the Spaniels crown
against slave trade, and by rigidly enforcing the laws of
Spain on that subject.
During the last fourteen or fifteen years there treaty
engagements have been flagrantly violated, and those lows
have been systematically and notoriously broken through in
Cuba and Puerto Rico. It must be manifest and plain,
however, to the commonest understanding, that there viola-
tions et treaty, and these breaches of law, would not and
could not have happenid if the government of Madrid had
been determined to prevent them.
That which has happened in regard to slave trade is
Brazil is • parallel case.
For a long some of years the slave trade was carried on
in Brazil to an enormous extent. The Brazilian govern-
ment always met the representations of the British govern-
ment by assurances and declarations ; but the slave trade
continued without check. At last, in the summer of 1840,
circumstances induced the Brazilian government to set to
work in earnest to fulfil the treaty engagements of the
Brazilian crown, and to enforce the laws of the Brazilian
empire ; and as soon as the will to do so existed, the way
to dose was found, and in the short space of a few mouths
results were with the greatest ease accomplished, which fur
a long course of years had been represented as utterly im-
possible.
A similar result would take place in Cuba and
Puerto Rico, if • similar course were pursued by
the Spanish government ; and her Majesty's go-
vernment cannot but entertain a hope that the
cabinet of Madrid will at last awaken to a due
sense of its duties and obligations, and will put an end to a
system of crime and piracy which is a stain on the Spanish
character, and on the honour of the Spanish crown. I have
to desire that your lordship will give • copy of tnis despatch
to the Spanish minister.-1 am, &c.,
(Signed) PALMERSTON.
VISCOUNT PALMERSTON TO LORD lIONDEN.

Foreign °Mee, Oct. 20, 1.6.51.
My lorl,—l have received yeur lordship's despatch of
the lit inst., transmitting a copy of a note which you bad
received from M. de Mirallores in reply to your note of the
20th ultimo, recommending, on behalf of her Majesty's go•
vernment, that the government of Spain should follow the
example set them by New Grenada, in deelaring the total
abolition of slavery in that republic.
With reference to that passage in M. Mirallores's note in
which he states that the Spanish government cannot under-
stand how her Majesty's government can seriously recom-
mend a measure which would prove very injurious to the
natives of Cuba, when they also recommend that the Spanish
government should conciliate the affection of those Cubans;
I hive to instruct your lordship to observe to M. de Mire-
flares that the slaves of Cuba form a large portion, and by
no means an unimportant mse, of the population of Cubs,
and that any steps taken to provide for their emancipation
would, therefore, as far as the black population is con-
cerned, be quite in unison with the recommendation made
by her Majesty's government, that measures should be
adopted for contenting the people of Cuba, with a view to
secure the connexion between that island and the Spanish
' crown; and it must be evident that, if the negro papule-
. lion of Cuba were rendered free, that fact would create a
most powerful element of resistance to any schism, for
annexing Cuba to the United States, where slavery still
caists. .

With regard to the bearing which negro emancipation
would have on the interests of the white proprietors, it
may safely be affirmed that free labour coats leas than slave
labour, and it is indisputable that a free and contrived
peasantry are safer neighbours for the wealthy elitists
altos., them than ill-treated and resentful slaves; and Out
slaves must, front the nature of things, be more or less ill-
treated is a truth which belongs to the inherent principles
of human nature, and is quite as inevitahlo as the resent-
ment, however suppressed it may be, which is the conse-
quence of ill-treatment. It dam nut seem, therefore, that.
the communications which you were in,tructed to mdse el
the measure which bad been adopted by the government
and parliament of New Grenada, can jus.ly be deem du a,
at all at variance with the friendly sentiments felt and es.
pressed by ner Majesty's government towards Spaia WtIA
relation to the affairs of Cuba,—l am, &c.
(Signed) rALMEIOros.