The Press.
London, England, 1853-10-15 00:00:00

THE PRESS.

world, where commerce nouriNlied art, and art re.
tined commerce. " To wit►►ess all thie," he remarked,
" la reward enough to him who visits Manchester.
Thence he proceeded to speak ►it himself, with

proper modesty :
" If I am sensil,le of any d.,loetio.n-46f any dt•awhaek
fr thiew feelings of profotto.l !tratillilltion with aliieit
you have tilled my breilat—it would I.e in the recollection
Itoov poor art the 1114111titil pal IMW !Milted LIM Ken itieS
lung who now stautlx hefure yuo—( Nu, no
111 lie intatiotial services and Id the Melitit, bey,feely t..
o•stinutted, of him uluose name has tu-day been placed in
'Juxtaposition to ' s•—pleasing indeed, uml Natte►iug to
me, Litt less, far lesS thins the memory of that gnat man
deserves. Hat though I feel that you have greatly over-
valued the merits which are doe, if any a•e due, to uly lour.
cluu•w:ter and public arts, )et Hut till that a•e•ouut.
moat assuredly is the id gratitude ilifeehletl with
which putt have impressed cue, uud whirls willnever
►••

Afterwards ha stado. Ilk el Illeligite4 -
tii and their ahnegati4iii cif party ties and

pet judices
NVlttat I etonsider %ilia whom I on ass,peiate,l iu the
public sen lee, I blush less than I nth, rwise woubl Barr
done at receiving this tribute apprlphatitill
whia•h you have pabl to me and my colleagues
iu
the (Isom:mac:it, and which aids tespect to them l hype I
may say HIV Hut ItillietierVed. It is, I lEptnt, the
tlipti they have united 1'1144411er from the most honourable
motiies--it is mitinestionably true that they stand assoei-
Idea 14ottellwr in carrying tal the public aerviee, disregard-
ing (twitter 'arty distincti . 'hiss.) Ido not believe
that thu principles of party are about to he eltlitlttllisited
in
Obit aountry. The iteachinery ad' Povenituent almost re-
quires sonic kind of party organisation. let I tel it a
true gratitieation to Is• able to stale that I heliete there
never was a Ilovennuent in the recent annals of this ,
eountry which stood less than its party connections. or
more upon the gestend supptort and 44,11114144ne of the
publie, than the tiovernment of which I lime
the honour
to form a part. Setting aside subjects on which var s
opinions may undoubtedly be raised, I believe that credit
has been given to the motives of such men as my I Atrtl
Aberdeen and Loss' John Russell, in having joined hands in
I feeemberlast to earry is the publie business of the e try:
and I our saw I shall be barns sisal by those who have ob-
served most iniesitely the esturse of publie business in the
Ilouse 10101 I Still.' it. Its MI 1111411efitholialipie
fact that the Isms' el party remits-1i tttt has never been
weaker tlitut timing the present session ; and pt the vow
thiellee et the 4.4lillitry
enabled the I iovei sit to earry into law important and
vital propobitiona with greater rapidity and effect than on
ut•tlivary as•caaiuna. 'heerg.

Mr. tilallstono wont on to discourse of future policy,
especially with regard to the great question Of !Ware
4.r war with hash►. On this subject his commen-
taries were eminently patine:—

" You have been pleased to express youtr confidence that
Ile llovertiment which is now charged with piddle affairs
will give effect to such measure* us will conduce to the
it. M.tin. of the Crown and the benefit of the e‘ottstimitity. I
MU mitre I do not misinterpret Ihiv reference to the honour
of the Crown. when I interpret it with reference to the
itienl jolt in which, Itt the icrenellt 1111.1110.1111, the 1
the Crown, as well PS tttriolls oilier interests, are deeply
involved—namely. the question of peace or war--( food
crier ,tf ' hear .I—whielt holds the mind of Europe
in agitatiim tiii3l sus 'cube foon sale extremity to the other.
If you onto' persuaded that the honour of the Cnot is is Nile
in the ht 41141% of low Majesty's present advisers, I am sure
that MI teat italaiy eon convey to them a more gratifying
feeling—l ant mire that no testimony which eau reach
them will 'stint-Haile more to strengthen their hands in the
dischinue of their public ditty, and in hearing that ennspi•
(lams part which must belong to England in every karat
European question. It was perhaps to lie expected that
the delays tutu vexctions incident to protraeted negotia-
tions mould bail to a sentiment of impatience among a
portion of the community. nlonbtedly it wns to ls.
peeled in this:free country that the measures and motives
of Rio tiovernment—especially while eovered in some
degree with it portion of iweessary a'st'er—woold not
reetive Instil every tow ail alondlitely fin °untidy eonstrito.•
tiou. It was to he expected that the general sontimt.lit ou
the lort.,elit MS between Russia and Turkey. where
there hiss been an inirlssoing aggression 1.11 the part of the
would Ine that of eagemess and linxiety fiw some
marked and positive demonstration oil the pats of England
against the aggressor. But I Velltlllll. to say that her
Majesty's t;overi iiiii .nt do not feel in the least degree dis-
posed to shrink from :my Ipttiiun of the reSpgaisil.ility they
have assumed in making every effitrt—in hoping. if that
were necessary. ktailist Isom. and Wpm.) Lope. which I am
happy to say it is not—in lisping to the uttermost that
their ett'ortpt would he successful iu warding on' the fright•
Ad calamity 34' a general war. ( Loot/ cheers.) No doubt,
the blood of Englishmen is ttp when they see oppression
and amitessit In going on. No , a contest carried on
between a stronger patty and a weaker appetils forcibly to
those feeling. which we an• accustomed to think eminently
national. No doubt, the lapse lit' t late which has already
passed without any apparent result is calculated to try the
Isitientse of the eonuuunjty. Ihut, trust me, the measure
of the real greatness of a people lies in the PO% el' of self-
command and self-restraint. Loud cheerr.) That bell-conk-
tumid :owl that mitiestraint. *higher energised by a 'anti
or by intlivi3linds. Is always liable to 1w mistaken, and IN
iletion to he chatrgeil a'. indifference, feria. Ite,s. altd etsW-
as thee. We know. I trust, the different... Is tweet them.
3. know that a 11:It !lila .ruse of the
duty which Me ONO as 11101 11111.1 as t bets taus. will lint he
auting iu %btu Ric %Mkt to vindicate

SATURDAY,

the honour of the country. (ehee•es.) Chat do we mean
when we speak of a general war? Certainly there is e
glare and a glory about the operation... 4 war w)iid, appeal
to some of the noblest elements of human nature. and
which render net WO little mindful, I fear, of its accom-
panitueuts. Viten we speak of a general war, we dee not
speak of a teal progress ou the road to freedom—of reed
progress in the' aeli ant-violent of human intelligence.
'These Seiltle.tinte•a be the intentions—rarely, 1 fear,
are they the results—of war When we speak of a general
war, we mean the lave of nature stained with 'lnman gore
—we mean the brute' taken out of the mouths of
tuilliuus—
we mean taxation indefinitely increased, ond trade and
industry weefully diminished—we mean heavy burdens eta•
tailed itpton tour latest laosterity—we thrall that demoralisa-
tion is let loose, families are broken up, and last stalks
unbridled in every maintry which is visited by the calamity
of war. ( Loud cheers.) If that be a trite description of
war, is it not also true that it is the absolute duty of the
I erlimoit tie eKe.eeise, feel thelliachCS that arlftainllthlliel
which they 11.0.1011'0A tee others, and that they sheatlet
labour to the tit terintest leer the adoption of any and every
litinouralele espetlient which Ititt lie the means of averting;
that frightful scoitive? ( ban/ cheeex.)
I sin certain that these are the sentiments which ani-
mate the gems ful et o ly of (treat Britain, aT eineialetl
rut they are in the works eef industry and enterptise, and
who, USprae•licul 1111.11, etnine lulu close'.,millet with
goes
thong eel ',Wit. policy. Tlwy know the dangers wt• to
encounter, the elidieulties we have to meet, and ley their
generous confitlenee I an sure we shall be SlippOltell.
(1 'hen's.) In Parliament, 333 i 3 iistei.s have repeatedly ad-
mitted that it is their duty tee maintain what is called—
and. with SOUP' qualification, truly raped—the integrity
sad inelspetielenee of the t n6,1111;11 t•mpire. But, when we
speak of that integrity and independence, we do not use
the terms exactly iu the same sense in which we would
speak of the integrity and independence of England or
of ferries, IeCILM:it• the Itleitimit empire describes a
0% 11611 is full of attoniali; s, the source of much
weakness and difficulty, the affairs of which, front five
yrurs tee the years. etc. storewe. were born, and long lee.
fore, have been the subject of European discussion and
arrangement. IVe dee nest mean to express any opinion
upon those deep glleyhtorly which develop themselves out
of the peenliar internal organisation eel the ottoman tin.
Aire. See tin' as the Einsipeint eltemittions of the Sultan
are 1.10111.14.114.11, we k • that it resents this extraordinary
psslitiral se ele•vislis, that three milpli; ens of persons professing
the Al ussulman faith exereise---I will not call it despotism,
but I will call it ley the mild Hanle of tiellninital and Mire,
reiglity --over twelve millions of • filleew-ehristitoint
We else not intend to cuter jinn the Val-lona
which arise sent of this state of things. Bid what we say is
this, that it is necessary tee have sane regulat• in the
distrilenti ))) °flanker in Europe, and that the otbsorptieni
of
tis•i•itory by ono power in the governion•iit of Europe, which
would follow upon its conquest of the (Ottoman empire,
would be so dangerous tee the peace of Europe, that it is
the ditty of Etightud, at whatever cost, to set herself against
it. That principle has been fully recognised he all discus'
sinus and all measures taken in c0m1....1i0n with the great
Eastern question. lint, having made that reeognition. and
having laid down the condition that the absorption of
the t Ottoman empire by external force cannot be peinoitted,
her llairsty's Government have adopted, used have acted
upon the principle, that it is their duty, as long as a
rati I hope exists, to labour for the maintenance of peace.
Now, that is what the Government has desired to do.
(llrar, hear.) There has grown up in Europe of late
yew a a praetiet. of combining the great powers for the set-
tlement of difficulties arising in different parts. Many
hem.% oletit persons bare been most desirous that a ity-lea
of ilitelliathenall arbiteationshould fake the place war,
with all its frightful eonsequetwes. (1bw...) This is not
the ;moot 'y to disentol the theory' of those genth•men,
considered as a theory, but it be an optort tinily toll Which
we may olsterve, not without satisfaction. that Seem., degree
of real progress has been made and i•xemplitied within the
lust twenty years in the history eel Europe newest's the
substitution of arleitintion for war. Iliear, hear.) The
miseries of war between Belgium and Holland were pre-
vented ley the intervention of some of the great powers of
Europe, not by a perfect machinery, but by a niiiehinery
that wets better than no Illnehiliely tit all. ( flew., hear.)
Theo netball e of the great powers mats used to bring to a
tellinnediClll the civil woo. that ntHieted Sietiin, and on tether
European questions a similar intlitenee was exercised sill'
siinilar.elfeet. 'tear, hoar.) let the case of the Ottoman
dominions themselves, in the year Isilto, a war between the
recite of Egypt and the Sultan Wells brought to a deteinei-
nation by the ageney of the European powers. I Ilea'.
hear,) The kingdom of t ireeee, which we may live to set.,
or at all events our children may live to see. playing all
I 1111 l ourable part in the affairs of Europe--iliat kingdom
Wits relhetvil from the consequences of war by a a'
action on the part of tin. greed "Noxell; of Europa'. ( Hear,
hear.) It is well that so imiell has been done: and iLese.
ale Calle.. in which ilie etillhion of Wood was prevented, or
its cunt i 111 l antic was atkellille.el, ley pacific interrupt ion.
?war.) That intervention is to be distingitisheil
from a meddlesome intervention, that would involve its in
palliellialr quarrels; because It is not an intervention
of an officious State undertaking tee settle the *Midis of its
neighlsons, lent it is the intervention or agency of States
_that, ^Present the combined forts. of Europe. and have a
rigid tee say to Europa', with Polliethiug like authority, that
a pat-6;411as corner or portion of Enrope shall not break
the ...Teneral peace, or set us all ley the ears on account of
petty basil arrangements. ( lieerx.) Such sue intei vete
tion is devoid of the heroic and romantic appearance that
belongs to aellieventents in war: it is clogged with in-
trigue, vexation. delay. and chicane. That is true ; but as
the result contemplated I. the sac ime of the ettision
eef
human blood, and the averting of' a calamity that world
disturb the operations of inelnatry, and deprive nations of
their subsistence, surely the sacrits.c is sluall, and surely

OCTOBER 15, 1853.

the reward is great. 'keen 1.1 I have detained you much
longer than Ith i ght 1 ithould have• done, but I have been
lea onward to speak ton greater extent in regard to mat•
ters or fiocign policy than I had
. (Ilear, hear.)
The chancellor of ate you must know, in his
utli.•iai capacity, is opposed pretty nearly to all wars—
thioghter i—but at the at►tuo • the present l'huneellwr
of the Exchequer, in his astliehil ell:teiq, is alSii of opinion
that good tinat.•ial arrangements ate amongst the most
important prep.►uiUuua for war—t. II ear,hear toad cheer,.
%hos a war is necessary ; and tin far as linanee is Cent•
(*Celled, I do not think that England has ever been better
prep:ova for war thaw at present."
This remark brought the right hon. gentleman
round to financial sUbierts alit), home policy. lie
dilated at MIA length on these• topics, but, after
premising that official prudence deterred hint from
giving any real information as to the futttt•e ptm'p►ait's
of his department, Mr. Gladstone kept his pixonise
of secrts'y so well that the only glimpse he would
give of Ministerial intention touching the paper duty
was conveyed by a vague promise, " when proper
time arrives and eircumstanees permit," to eonsider
whether the onerous operation of the excise laws
might not be further nit►.litieel. ..espeeting the
income tax, he confessed merely to an impression►
"that it is not well suited to form part of the ortli•
nary system of taxation." Mr. Gladstame concluded
by congratulating the country and thanking l'rovi
Jenne for the existing state of prosperity, and re
marked the singular circumstance that, although
the price of corn was high, it was paid without
complaint and oca-asioned no suffering from want.
The proceedings closed with an entertainment to
the Chancellor of the Exchequer, which was laid
in a spacious apartment in the Town hall, and was
attended by about 100 guests.
On Thursday Mr. Gladstone was present at the
consecration of the new Church at Denton, about live
miles front Manchester, and, in the afternoon of the
saute day, assisted the Bishop of Oxford in laying
the foundation stone of some new schools in that
place.