The Express.
London, England, 1852-04-16 00:00:00

SOUTH AMERICAN AIA.

SOUTHAMPTON, Alum);
The Royal mail steam-packet Tay, Captain m •
arrived here this morning, and landed kit
re, '71.;
a n
ugnedetr.thleir date ar
char gdetof Lic :iu
eut.
IGmendusner, 111.11., Admiralty
Aires,
Marth
Monte Video, 6; Rio de Janeiro, 16 ; ltahia, 21
Pernambuco, 24 ; St. Vincent, April 2; Temiiire,
7 ; Madeira, 9 ; Lisbon 11. ller cargo consists of
208 ounces gold, 19,500/. Thitish coin, about 19,110)d
diamonds, 1$ bags cochineal. 7 boxes orange,. sad
sundry packages. The Tay brings 66 pasengers,
Roves left Bahia in H.M.S. Conflict on the :ith
March, and may be hourly expt,o ted in England. flit
brother-in-law, Mancilla, landed at Lisbon from the
Tay, and was going into Spain. The Tay landed 51
passengers at Lisbon.
Brazil was quiet. Large promotions had Ist%
conferred on the army_ and navy engsgo, lin the att4r,
at Buenos Ayres. Money plentiful at. d lh.t.,unte
low. Exchang at 27. Business modem 'e.
trade dead. Yellow fever prevailed vs 7 Haab
amongst the shipping at kin, and some ea *ll had
proved fatal on shore ; Bahia was free ; ,it sal
diminishing its virulence at Pernambuco.
On leaving Rio de Janeiro several eases ejr 'act
appeared on board ; out of them two eases ars,
cd
fatal, the captain's and Commander Skipwitlis M, '
vents died ; the others recovered as the verity rot
clear of the coast. The Tay had fine weather during
the voyage.
On the 20th ult. a smart shock of an earthquake
was felt at Santa Cruz (Teneriffe), at 5 a.m., which
lasted a few 'seconds ; and it appears the shuck was
general all over the Island. Weather cloudy sad
very oppressive for several days previous. The cal.
vict ship Fairlie looked in on the 29th, and, having
taken in fresh provisions and water, left for llohst
Town on the 31st, all well. Mary Ann, taphda
Dark, with passengers for Sydney, arrived on the
3rd inst., and left on the 4th, all well.

At Monte Video, Centaur (with the Admiral:. xld
Locust Commodore Ilruce, in 11.N1.8.
had been at St. Vincent, but left for the coast on the
23rd ult. Rio Janeiro—Rapid, from England, would
soil on the 18th for the Cape of Coed 'lope. Driver
arrived on the 11th March, from Vulparai.o. and
would sail for Englund on the Isth. llonetta and
Harpy had put to sea between the 12th and 11th
ult., in consequence of yellow fever haying 4 appeart
on board. Rifleman at Bahia. At Lisbon, 1101.8.
Albion, Indefatigable, Phaeton, Dragon, and En.
counter. Polyphemus left Madeira on the 4th inat.

RIO DE JANEIRO. \G en 11
Long ere this reaches you, the Conflict will have
conveyed to your shores the far-famed sanguinary
Roans, and his daughter, the gentle and charitable
Mennelite. Several of the friends of the ex-dietator
leave for England in this packet, and amongst them
General Manedla, his brother-in-law. It is .tared
hero that Roses goes empty-handed to England—
pennylcss, in fact ; but this is hard to believe.
By the Prince, which left Buenos Ay ms a day
after the Tay, we have news from Buenos Avres to
the 4th current. The allied army entered hums
Ayres on the 19th ult., and was received with entha-
siaam and rejoicing by the inhabitants.
The following is a list of the provisional govern-
ment: President, Don Vincente Lopes; Minket of
War, Don Manuel de Eecalada; Interior, Ms Vs.
lentin Alsina ; Foreign Affairs, Don Luis dine de
Pena; Finance, Don Benjamin Gorostiaga ; Chief uf
Police, Don Manuel Joni: Guerico.

One of the earliest acts of the new government was
to appoint judges of the peace, eleven for the town,
and four fur the country, a task of much difficulty,
but which they have executed most successfully, and
these posts are now filled by men of high respecta-
bility.
Amnesty and entire oblivion of the past has been
accorded to all, a few traitors only excepted. Deems
have been issued ordering the restitution to their
owners of the numerous houses, estantiers, &c., which
Rom had embargoed.
Permission has been given to the owners of estan.
cieros to kill mares, which for many years past Baas
had forbidden, and, in consequence they became si
abundant as to be prejudicial- to the Eslu.
Passports, authorising the bearer to go from ono
part of the province of Buenos Ayres to nuotinr,
part of a system established by Roses, so that no one
might travel the country without his knowledge,
have been abolished.

Spaniards are recognised as foreigners, and conk%
quently exempted from military service. Rosas
would not allow this, but treated all Spaniards
as if they had been natives, nhliging them to serve in
the whenever he chose. This wise and just
measure is almost sure to have highly beneficial re-
sults, in promoting emigration front Spain and in
extending commerce with that country.
The property of Roses, of every description, is de-
dared to belong to the state.
French subjects are allowed to be repn,ented
interim by the Belgian Consul, until the French go-
vernment, on learning the change of affairs, shall ap-
point a consul.
The officers of the very expensive and very useless
squadron which Item; kept up arc dismissed and the
vessels laid up. It was generally thought that the
vessels would be sold by auction.
All letters of marque issued by ]tows are an
nulled.

The Bank is ordered to lower the rate of discount
to I per cent. per month. Until now the rate has
been I i per cent.
General ?duellla, the brother-in-law of Row,
came passenger in the Tay, and landed at Lisbon,
and, from his own account, is going to the court of
Spain with some crotchet in his head to otter Buenos
Ayres to a Spanish prince.
This officer was left in charge of the city. until
Urquixa should make his entry, to protect It from
plunder and preserve the peace. However, outrages
were committed to a great extent ; and on a repre-
sentation being made to Urquir.a, at which he was
much astonished, he despatched un order to seize
Mantilla and shoot him immediately ; but %mina
managed to escape, and sought protection under thy'
British flag.
A President has been elected for the Oriental
States, in the person of M. Don Joao Frsnici-eu
Jim. His election was almost unanimous--:1) roes
in 48.

On tho sailing of the Prince, tho most perfect
tranquillity reigned in all the Oriental State!, It is
hinted here iu Rio that Brazil will find a second
ltosas in Urquiza ; that, in fact, Brazil has Icapol
" out of the frying-pan into the fire." This, ti °'-
may, and probably does, proceed from the op-
position, with whom the interference was alwap
unpopular. But what is pretty certain
Brazil will not reap all the advantages which she
bargained for in the business.

Tho following extracts from the first prodaniati ..:
of Governor Lopez, published in the British 1,4.!...,
are of interest as showing the slavery under which t::=
people have hitherto existed, and affords a pleasing
augury of the future :
The provisional governor wishes no more power than
what may be founded on your devoted hearts, out to then
he appealed in the most critical moments of your exigence.
You are well aware that for thirty years tyranny has (ea.
signed to the silence of darkness all the voices of pubic
spirits. You arc well aware that hitherto the dearest right,
of the citizen have reverted to the internal head of a tyrant,
crammed with frenetic passions, with brutal habits, vrah
atrocious instincts, who during his government has will
felt complacency in destroying everything public, and in
horribly amalgrunating the practice of his vices adh the
most sacred names that society hal 'formed for iles4;antieg
its great institutions.
You have fallen into ignominy' and this people of
Buenos Ayres, who had done so much to have a laser(
free from crimes and ithowinations, such as that 01 the
great Confederation of the North, has now a shaawial
page to trace ; and had it not been that heaven had PT'
destined the illustrious General l'rquiza to clam it, that
page would now have been continued Tire Pros-
! sional Government is aware that it is unnecessary to excite
1 you to the enthusiasm of gratitude—it is aware that fut
i you and your posterity his name will be loaded with the
blessings and the respect wherewith great men arc namrsi
abnYuhtehisltorecrim:chlauelkuldianamlyitiewleshlthcamneYtohnh;asu•nnes.crested, and perlann- " I.'"
tune may not elapse without the great Washington having
the tyranny that degraded you,of otiahley lithbeeratf:.igart )"1444
1 guarantees among us; ho only was master of the :abear
whereby the father of a family avon broad to his dui
Only be raised his head at sunrise, to cultivate the .eartartLl
and employ hill hands in industry. You—oh' you acfs,''''
patrimony ut that tyrant. Your parents and ehdatco ha‘sce
perished by hundreds in the silence of the ilunginao • t'.
Industry of our country was the inheritume of the, vesii..•
and dm whole nation a speck of Larbacieu, at Jegcaadt`,..
and scandal, nmidst the civilised world.
The provisional government has been called to place
....,1
iin the contrast of this horrible situation. It is cou.le
.4
I that it may reckon upon your lore aud your 6411-10u.4;,.