The Express.
London, England, 1862-01-29 00:00:00

-1 "r.

CAlaCtrrTA, calling at Madraa.-11i• well-batotra
clipper amatory ateant -ship IN DIANA. Mat laak
„a .er. thr Vtet.eia Loodooi aim iser=
Zmlyeakee I...wen at an. 4 11.1.1.11101 MOO iMk.
T/ors
ens ntwnitreut atop. Lull{ ezprawaFtair OOP rob emit. beg
b,,,,th0,..0igh1y matted., boa ene4sissessorrialler ke P
gees. awl .111 (Jury an ripefillffilled ~OM lad a dr ersidiele.
Will be e•octlaued al Womb of ail aorta Ity
of the lotbooing taat-aallrag alsaia-viesels be
to
tbl. tong Any ;
littlaape..,;2os tons. Issas. 1.088
Laity J 0..., II ..2,t4t tOng. Ooklan Maar. 2,7011 Mak
Qu.to of Or 'oath, 2,&1 toaa, I Calcutta, 2,2131 tom.
Vor fr. will or paraga apply to Itaikera. Grindley and CO., U.
Varbattea.trn. LW. ; Nam Alfred Brett and Co.. 150, too-
m.
danhall .tart. B.C. ; •e at the Maces of the Company, 9, W
tarlane, I .ndon. 8.C.; When also appilcstioa (or appolahlramea
SO Mas..Opoletl is IMO 4E1,101 should wade.
LICBAJLD DaiW. 846/14iff,
Yut hrilsood tondo's !Copping Company ,Llauted
No. 9, Mincluttanc, B.C.

THZ LONDON PAVILION.
CONTI NUM ATTRACTIONS.
The sweat Weems SW alkowied the RITRAORDINART
NOTELTINS presented is the meadow of the Proprietors'
Benoit w hen upwards of TWO THOUSAND PERAONS testified
their atindration of the esestlease of Ys lentertatnaisat. has
enare4.., the desirability oitrepeethed the peincdpal portion of
the programme IVIIIT WINING We week.

TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE.

released. Canon Blalobriseski, and the priesti dm-
fined in the citadel of Warsaw, and has recalled
those who were transported to Siberia. The Pope
desires that Russia should give guarantees to the
catholic church.
The flat acts of the new Archbishop of Warniw
are impatiently awaited.
A denial has been given to the report that Car-
dinals
Mattel, and Reisach had made re- 1
presentations to his Holiness with the object of
showing the demagogic character of the Polish
movement.

(atones Taxnums.)
FRANCE.

PARIS, Jas. 28, Emma.

SPECIAL NOTICE.—Mesan. Long and Soon-
hammer, Proprietors of THE IJ)N DON PAVILION, beg to
women that the proceeds of tie ellieflalgolol to be given ore
MONDAY NEXT, lob. i will be specially set apart and for.
warded bethe Lord Mayorfor the !DIMWIT et the WIDOWS
and the YAnitaLsas in oonnealoo with the reelanchols star
troche at Hartley CoDierp.

In to-day's sitting of the Corps lAgialatif, the
President, Count Morny, in his opening speech,
said :—" In the whole world there does not exist a
single government, nor a single people, which is
not distressed by a grave crisis. Old societies are
dissolving, new ones are becoming modified. Amid
this work of transformation, and notwithstanding
the difficulties in commercial and agricultural
affairs, France alone has remained calm, confident,
and prosperous."
Count Morny then alluded to the late reforms,
and expressed his belief that the Corps Legislatif
I would readily vote the bill for the conversion of the
FourAnd-a-Half per Cent. Renter.
Count Moray said that before the discussion of
the address came on he should wish to prohibit the
delivery of written speeches.
The report on the general state of the empire, a
collection c bill for
I the -

PARTNIIRSHIP.—WANTZDa PARTNER or
PAILTNIPA with SAOIIO, la a lIANITPACIVRING
CONCIAN =Sabina ball a essossy, Nag of whiii the own
prelim for law bat la bare of 40,000
par annum. the aopira=ll=ll; MST,
awl lUD" T. etwiawtotrosh Laud a&

ITALY.

TIIBLY, JAIL *.
The Opinion of to-day says :—" Chiavonet is
declared himself willing to surrender. His band,
which was supposed to have been dissolved, is as-
sembled at Terrecina, where, it is asserted by some,
it will embark for Calabria, while others believe it's
destination is Sicily.,
"A report is currentthat General Bosco will join
Chiavone."

'MACK BALL MONTHLY AUSTRALIAN
curry's from LONDON Most tar

i.

Rhip.

StrltOgne • AM.. Booth
sy.tstry
3aor, Rooth
I,4air
City of itris'eor
towilmi
fttrit ,4 the N orth.l,
.utepeistlet
Olty al Aberdare ..'
Nydepory

1,10
1.011
13*
tea
1.1,10
1,210

lea. 30
PA. If
/a se
Fb. IS
rith gawk*
Match 10

IDIARLOW'S SELF-ACTING MEAT SCREEN 1
1J raft shores last of mesa wigs a moo Weibel of moil
The saving in Inman ; tbs soma is beautifully roasted in every
Wit Isiody banned al ever, sod al tbs gravy sad nutritious'
yompartin Wiest Pills Ifa N. Those surprising awl*
ars produced by Isissilio carsalstiots of best.
BARLOW'S POTATO STEAMER, the Cook'l
; es emeieDie milled of soaking lids favourite
vogstsbisadripsrlaslisot Mss la. fa. la.
BmeLovre AUTOMATON CINDER SIFTER,
Os Beassnisid s friss& srarmild to says ono ton el
osmisla tbsisa awe I. tinu Mot $0 Tam)
111 ARLOW'S Psi's= CASK STAND No
./.10 ow* or salloont Milano' in= pay Us
lolling omit la anisistk. Moot& sod
.112ABLOWS 11111.46M1T0.5TX10,111-151Aist
LP No vist_ing laspissatallsesrs la tar a mar limk_
MO Is. a ; Ms Metre
ulltweillintal to JWI
mum pliwork 14, aas at iiimasess.
an taia min.. sad sadism is es awry ; al Mims an
IPudbis illimiNlL Illewfbilli Ora ibseeseedi aft

nll~celeissiel Ise et poleollisse, tlesit elletleelite sot
rete Posers,. rente4 s swell losers Opsistles. 'Olt Pis-
scowl stxtosecallatia• bi 11111111111181111111 4 My camels allast.—For
all particulars mottles lOW et sow to morale alt.%
VOLES BAINILS rad di _ustorprad: ga 'toots tor Ole
ltilf Lim: rod te T. /11. MACKAY sod Ow,l, Lewarsbeltatreee,
Lobo, LC.

WWII sad MOOD S AUSTRALIAN LINZ
JO et MUT um—ft imisamiss Bina Is
watbjettimep=s •111 oriend. AM Arot
. Op Mew ALlanD
M AAY 4 nnOlisr 41. illentlig POI/ LHit. Com
iler : ipliels Ms Limbs Dula Me dip bee been bunt
sm
ewes* la Maker Wilk lilliblidillieste screamed&
an Mr Met mg& —Par whirr partk-ulan wag
be la wow ler. 2:11. WALlA=ReanfinPisne; we to
Don't or awe; isa k

WIPIMOOMMIN-d•am•
Land of war is, as Mr. Seward states, nothing loss than the
confiscation of the ship ; but it is in:appeals that this
penalty can be incurred when the neutral bee done no more
than employ means usual among nations for maintaining his
own proper relations with tae of the belligerents. It is of
the very mese* of the definition of matmlisaft that the sr.
tides should lave • Deng* and sot • nestrel, destthatiew.
" Goody" *ye Lord bitoweibt "rag to • primal port,
cosset ease under the eleenription cl contraband. all
goods grim there Wag equally lawful The role re-
speeding eaatathaad," he adds, " as I have always
understood it, b, that 'Woks mart be taken in &lido,
is the mead proessetioa of the voyage to an way's
pat." Oa what tad pr pia am it be um-
tended that • batik gestiostica is les necemary, or a ma.
Mal steralmtleamere arsisee. for constituting • contraband
character in the are cd Pale agents or despatcbes, than is
the case of arms said ammenition
Mr. Seward seeks to support his conclusion on this point
by a referees to the wolihnown dictum of Sir William
Scott in the ease of the Osrolies, that "you may stop the
erahathdhr of your lamp es kis peerage sad to
emetior siisima at the 111Mbi *dm is the ease of the
Ormembe. Wit civil fursetimatire, "if mat is. • purpose
lagnithely connected with the hostile operatioas," may
fall under the same rule with persons whom employment is

Thureday next to
'onion of the Rastas.
Some deputise havizwabewever, objected to this
comes, the Obeasber Nu basks until to-
seam

I 1/. UTlON.—wATanairox ma BROOM
• remmommi IMAM M dm Ora Odd MOM air
121,030,—" Mos Odd mil jell m
beim dtimism.
CHAINS, and saddt's medieetelted Ned Wm
• iettelpie. at the meeehteleeeed helm M
Mh
td. .ftmemAramkW.O. Limo Moo a arm
mit Mmtkom me Is. sook-31.11. miMIMMEM b demi M
▪ is Me seeds& end as U—, M

EARL RUSSELL'S BEPLY TO MX SWARD.
The following additional oorrespcmclenos with
her Majesty's minister in the United States ea the
affair of the Trent is published in last night's
Gazette :

sad 3100IUTS AUSTRALIAN LUIZ 1
DIV/ILLT 11112.--rer SYDNEY Mot OA le ArgaMeli
M Or 1116 d 11l
111 fib the
11116AlmiA A MD
NBA waLutratirkr. ;tfte ta the Loados Dub.
TAN emplArepl. Wit Vfiy Mom Aloft and Mina of Isorkie-
YEA Wl* klf dr Inie. Is aprial Is ask* aeisk
am sok sal IA a pubmils wows*, ler Sri —For
ism al WO* at prow ay* Ai msvm ird 1.1.

FRANCE AND ROME.
DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE.
PARA JAL 28.

.
EARL RUSSJILL TO LORD LTONS.
Foreign-oilios, Jan. 23, 1861
Dry Lord,—l mentioned in my despatch of the 10th last.
that her Majesty's government differed from Mr. Seward
in some of the conclusions at which he had wind, sad
that I should state to you on a future axed= wherein
time differences °assisted- I now proceed to do so.

B. MIL'S' (ALM= WIPE MIL 111)
11W mum; AND wwi STOOK
for Ow World-DOM SW*
ANGOLA Ma TIMM.
Is sew replace and :lad kr
Thar itewries www orhrimihry it MitteM6l.l.4l
Illrrweirlyirkbirsis TA szooL-srusr.me4ovss-squAzz.
mit who is est owirstral W
ims with say pima laaltaalas sal savor-
NN la Ida a
lIMLILIBIED nth NUAVADY. UAL

Among the diplomatic correspondence laid to-day
on the table of the Corps Legislatif is a note from
K Thouvenel to the Marquis de Lavalette, French
Ambassador at Rome, dated January 11, of which
the following is a summary.
In recognising the Kingdom of Italy, the Em-
peror's government acted under the conviction that
the restoration of' past dynasties was no longer
possible.
Among the Catholic monarchies three only—
namely, Austria, Spain and Bavaria—have re-
'fredned from renewing °tidal relations with Turin.
:Mo cabinet, however, thinks of reacting by force
signet the order of things inaugurated in Italy.
Whether openly proclaimed or tacitly admitted,
the principle of non-intervention has become the
safeguard of peace in Europe.
The court of Rome certainly does not expect
'foreign assistance for the recovery of its lost pro-
siness, and I cannot believe that for the sake of
indwells whose success is doubtful it would consent
to proveiss a most terrible conflagration.
' The imons of experience bid the Holy See re-
'sign itself, without renouncing its rights, to practi-
Sal transactions which would restore tranquillity in
the bosom of the catholic world, which
would renew the traditions of the Page*
that has for so long a time been a Mind
to Italy, and would reunite to it the destinies of a
notion so cruelly tried, and restored to itself after
so many centuries. It is necessary for us to know
whether we mast persist or abandon all hope of
seeing the Holy See, while taking into considers-.
tion accomplished facia, applying itself to the study
of a combination which would secure to
the Sovereign Pontiff the permanent oonditices of
dignity, security and independence, necessary
to the exercise of his authority. These ideas being
accepted, we will employ sincere and energetic
efforts to ensure the adoption at Turin of a plan of
conciliation, the bases of which we should settle
with the government of his Holiness. Italy and
the Papacy gould then cease to be in opposite
camps, and would soon return to their natural
intercourse. Thanks to the moral obligations which
France has guaranteed, Rome would, in case of
need, find the necessary support on the very aide
where danger seemed to threaten her. Such a re-
sult would excite a lively feeling of gratitude and
satisfaction throughout the catholic world.
K Thouvenel requests K de Lavalette to
communicate the note to Cardinal Antonelli and to
the Holy Father himself.
In a note addressed to K Thouvenel on the
18th inst, the Marquis de Lavalette states that he
had had an interview with Cardinal Antonelli, for
the purpose of communicating K Tbouvenel's note
of the 11th iust. In previous interviews he bad
already expressed to the Pope the desire of the
Emperor to reconcile Rome and Italy, but the Holy
Father, although listening with kindness and con-
descension, always replied, " Let us await events."
Kde Lavalette continues—l was more afflicted
than surprised when Cardinal Antonelli replied to
all the considerations I had submitted to him by an
absolute refusal, declaring that any transaction be-
tween the Holy See and those who had despoiled it
was impossible, and that it did not rest with the
Sovereign Pontiff any more than with the Sacred
College to cede the least particle of the territory of
the church. I then observed to Cardinal Antonelh
that I completely put aside the question of right,
and that my only object was to offer the Papal
government an opportunity of emerging from a
state of things disastrous to its interests, and
threatening to the peace of the Christian world.
Cardinal Antonelli expressed his thanks for the
affectionate interest shown by the French govern-
ment. He denied that there was disunion between
the Sovereign Pontiff and Italy, and said that if
the Holy Father had ceased to hold intercourse
with the Cabinet of Turin, his relations with Italy
were excellent. Italian himself, and the first of
all Italians, hie Holiness suffered when they suf-
fered. He witnessed with grief the cruel trials the
Italian church had to bear. As regards entering
PACER'S Cuanza PERFORMANCES. —Our din into any compact with the spoilers of the Church,
tinguished pianist, Ernest Heuer, is about to give a wake of continued Cardinal Antonelli, we shall never do
six perfornumoss at Wilha's Room, to begin on Wider
Dart arid to be continued weekly. They will Ls at a vary it. Any transaction on this ground is iris-
wen ia instructive dinvne,,,, giving • awn, possible. The Sovereign Pontiff, as well as
logical view of the progress of the pianoforte, from the the cardinals, before being nominated bind them-
period of the Invention of its predecessor the harpsichord selves by oath never to cede any of the territory of
down to the stunt time. He will play upon four did. the church. The Holy Father will therefore make
heist kinusionu oorreeposiing to four different periods no cession of that nature. A conclave of cardinals
se wpm i se Mt emery Meer will be performed on the
most epippoos far which it was written. All the great would have no right to do so, neither would a new
sourpuss for toyed instruments. in Italy, France, Ger- Pope nor any of his successors from century to
wish soddue&aod, will be represented by selectioas from century. With reference to the question of your
nosionerice ; sad two sonatas of Sebastian Bach, for the Excellency whether there is any hope of an arrange-
aborldisre and viol di gsmba and for the clavichord sad went, I believe it to be my duty to reply in the
Mb ever/lea, will be performed for the first time irr this
manstry. We remember that, many years ago, Moschelee
aide an
ammo, la this plan, at a aeries of ahambar letter from Cardinal Antonelli M. de
aoa-
sssts. by pianism. of Domeier Scarlatti's harpsichord a lotto, dated the 18th inst., states that, having re-
m..as es tie which they were emesposed. I osived the orders of the Holy Father, he (Cardinal
no aims via measantr eerie= sod pleasing, sad the e:- I Antonelli) confines the answerwhich he had already
petiowee omen sun Merest. I given verbally to M. de Lavalette.
Ctrs Samoa Couunerme. —At a meeting of the
Ossaidoesse d Severs, yesterday. Dr. Letbeby, the ROLE AND RUSSIA.
aeoliod sOur d health far she Olturzented a report EON, Jas. 77.
1110./ 1.11.' 11—‘76.611 mad 1.1 li. 1L e
agr,,,„„d, mipeo, sad cur
to the sewer as The Pope h declared that he will not send a
servaarne Osminks Numb to St. Potorsborg, until the Csar has

ICTLMOBTIrI VIGRA.* sod SONS' (of
irsinosaned. Loring LIM d PAM= MIS W
—Fee=IOI.IIISTS We{ PIMA Ilesee(10 Lear
Se Desk se Tbsesedse. Ste Feenser. *Wm et
So
Mina WWI? dip SLIT, 1.01 ism .
cLAYMS. y
Ouraimisr ; Wee the beds Dodo. See
essimeseilkerke oldness el peostrorreeneepeseei. eel
11
an
. 1111111.1110iig
SlMlOeaft ALLPOST,=7;llo.ll.l4.=kawasi 1 slum
"11P
Sem leedesseel-etresl—Peeeseeees
▪ peeallstete cornmeal ken Paidloglea Se Senna Sr&
dos ke dais tem eweeaniir ter dirddr• Ma

It is neceseary to observe that I propose to discuss the
questions involved in this correspondence solely on the
pdaciples of internatioeal law. Mr. Seward himself,
grab* of the capture of the four gentlemen taken from
ea land the Trent, says :—" The question Wore us is
%bibs this proceeding wee authorised by, sod condueted
enneding to, the law of nations." This is, in fact,
• the nine of the question which has been, but happily is
M low at issue. It concerned the respective rights of
bilikpienen and of neubah. We must, therefore, discard
eatink bum our minds the aeration that the °Wined
pans= were rebels, and we dent aiWider them only as
enemies of the United Slam ad war with its government,
for that is the ground on which Mr. Seward ultimately
places the disowns. It is the only ground upon which
foreign governments an treat it.
The first inquiry that Ines, therefore, is as Mr. Seward
states it, "Were the persons maned, and their supposed
despatches, omstralan of war?
Upon this question her Majesty's government ban sip.'
lively feces lb. Gowan
The general right and duty. of a, neutral power to mar
ten its own mannunicationa and friendly relation with
both belligerents cannot be disputed. " A neutral nation,'
Ale Tatted," °ordain, with the two patios at war, in
the went yelgirems antlers hes gland between astioos. lb
is ready to room kergyre )nth d them all the dation of
Imemanty, recipmesay due from nil* he ROW." 1,9 gig
perfotreamee al beet dale, on bat sides, the need*
nation his itself a mostdirect and mats* interest ; ago,
cisily when it has annamons nines realest in the teed,
Maria of both belligerents ; and when its citizens, reddest
both there and at home, have property of great value in the
territories of the halrerente, which may be earned ht.
danger from acted confiscation and violence if the penssp
tioa of their owe goverament should be withheld. Thh is
the ones with respect to British subjects during the penmen

INTERATIONAL EXHIBITION of 1862.
Nhlawasithot sod tadosto lIINGPAVING d Ulm lad.
sitcom Ammo kw tho I,IIIIIIIATIONAL mtutmoN ot
net .tti is dopy* ALMANAC/14 day 100 bed, OM* of 11.
Mon M WC ler,ppais rad /MENU Tad% Radon.
Itoottrs, Draped, Soot
tod u" ma
m among Ootltdora
ISM
City istolididodk
IM, 114 lf4 lit leporke : W. 114. SI, IA MOM.
01161,4411014 annett,
ass, sw, Vow Owe=
esaiddostoot„eli ig,bitottddmi.
131. 111, Tottoded: 7Y. Itoilitaddol.
rodoidto.

Y WWI 00X1117111CATION to
SLY L
11WL YORE tilisat.-111•UNWOOla 11W YO asd
NESSONINIIIA rrnllanlr corruir Nisei
thitytdiyoutrad Minn Striamlainater easiallen
M mart rerrers itelnateties. an
V 'sox uviarixn. nos Nair TOM
ItTSA, Wm day. Jan O.
► MCWlloool4.l,..day, Fab 3
CITY OS NW YsittlE, Wolneldsy, re, 12.
And awry sasonnilny Wadnaaday.
Cabln 11‘ 17. red 21 raesses. acenrclior snow
Iftegurd pram gallsaaa. tr.ludlaa; all realism
Ntaimeiw Mt Cassia not tini Western Aunt.' NNW
Owl gummeinantayponi tonen—fue tazthar peritonitis
Waist.alyest. Wawa sr le
Mimi **CST. 111. Zing WWlasalwaak City.

LATEST NOVELTY.
The MOND= WRAITH& fanning both Mkt and
CAM grlies gla The as eamfeellable garment ever invested.
Te vei had saly of OS 111.1•6011% L BlOgra and SON, ready-
made and heegiske Talk" Seillese, Hosiers, Drapers, lest
Makers, sad Omega Owlehleis
Od Larkys Zoom :
Cit lialadhiselek
Ist, IA 156, 137, kliklestell If. Amite.
efildivegg
Cs 76. 507, 508. N. Ogessisiteet. Haraelseet
T.Ategietwessirtstead Branch.
157, 138, Tuatakimessnesed: fB3. leseins•rosd.
Cosier Ibtablishinenta
Sheillebt indillvadtord, Yorkshire.

BRITIEH sod NORTH AMERICAN ROYAL
MAU. IRYY SHWA, writer! by Ur Admintity to
Wm= LITISPOOL sad *I kW YOLK. sad intwora
POOL sod BOSTON, with liberty to eon at Zona; of other
yea ME amid retry. malls, goods, sad pkorrion.
skips ali as tt Kailas to rod sod more pewesors
owl MMarry a ark The Ikilorre or odor roma ase
&Praised I. ou from Uraelleal. 01/11/4 IA Clerk Mr reogro Ur
garb:
MIA. Inv NEW YOU, dohordoi y 1 1.
CANADA, for BUITON, datorday, PI L
• ARA WA. kw NEW TULL sessidgi, Ifeb. 11
• 'Mind parrogers sad goods for NOMA sod lovOrt. M lo
fe
transrred at New York on board Ur /LILL& Kano&
Map row. asokronTo km sod pnwisisss bee
Mows wises or
n.llnuors :—To liaYYz sad Illsraws. aid=
korad Wai did To New York elid kohlk AN:
aids. Lth Prolodet to WM; low" sod Nur Turk MC
km wad 11 row rat. prtmea—Apply L loord.
IsoorolorA load= A Oro* arm rid 181. Moo dor.
O. sad .1. Don* Docrouradrook
ir-z C. Illasurgorsordows: ow IL sad C. lholvor, a,
Wokor•doest.

rro PARZNTS sad GUARDIANS. —The Mara
JIL d Tooth to Yak rapseuve Doerdlwabools Induces •
odiaanas be their prrowkl comfort sod allcookko. and ROW-
LIMB MAMMA OIL, for seceleratiag all WOwth and um-
gneiss emeil besingltring oho heir. Itooloats islydor, for Is.
1.11:11e odoi INdoo. sod emoolo. eutaneoue de.
owl Illoolosts Or PIM laathries. for rendering
....:010100. NM Oa coo are cow
oklionot A. SOW-
LAND ani''WlT. Ddb CliZioto Pa.
tommo—Alk for looloods'

nOBIfB and DEFECTIVK TUB-
A./ RAM W sad MID la ono Waal^ villas&
all=eg flo Ind PM. fa Mr. 1111111 DALL, ta,
Mimed by Ma. bandall If preferred. 7ena•44eir
to la. Mr. lamlall be. Isatimoldas howl the Royal Faaell,.
wlietmle sizerwltb lbefaatuds of others, from all pit% of
tbe be tbe following :—Yreat Mee Wilt Rey.
Ile =any el Led= :—" Mr. Randall has effectually eared
nose eons en lay test wilboat dung say pain: • Sir Robert
aksoffiffhgg.da damettyleas, bee Ind two lane toenails and
• amen eedniebed from lie bet br Mr. loadall. and oaa Wong,
, ineenomnd bim."
obierva U. lagastairest Quadrant

SWto BRICMEN, from Loodon.—Tho
Oorraoa IJoyd's boo Norm steamer SCHWAN will bo
tbagoiebod tton Botottowo co Wodooodor Bonin, Jaa.
Irino, SS sod SL
Nodloo—Tbs lalloay between Brenta sod Droloorbsvos
um cow tole Good, conveyed at moderato rates e-
meelmoes Wag always acrestible, Ws route offers a favourable
It geode for mad, ports of Seremay wide
Z"geg otholiiinartbors ports aro closed by Ice.
fur freight s. ow y as Clutplins Unlvoreal Mee,
legrabctreee, W., or to PHILLIPS'S, CHISVErt, and PHILLIITS,
It, lood•laile, EC.

civil war in North America.
Aoling upon these principles, Sir William Scott, to the
ease of the Cardine,t during the war between Greek
Britain and Frame, &Med that the carrying of dmpaieledi
from the French undesendor reddent in the Mated BMW
to the government of Prawn by as Veiled Mat ssthislisst.
skip wee no violation of the sentallikr of the
is the war between Great Wilds ad Praise, sind,Minft
.sedi awakes, pod nut be treated as coutrahandel wee.
afffsArs," be said, " has a right to pressise
Ms the enemy, and you are not at lithely be
Pernik* ad Dia, COWIDIuDieadOO between thee rim leg;
take, le s 4 degree, ef the mime of hostility against pea,
The thew may have its hostile projects to be attempted.
with the mewled stale, bat your odium is on the in=
of that neutral state, that it will not favour nor
pate in such designs, but, as far as ita own won* sad
actions are unearned, will oppose them. And if likesti
should be private omens to suppose that this essideletee
in the good faith of the uentral state has a deeded Imo'
dation, that is matter for the caution et the preersimlsko
to be counteracted by just measures of proceed,' leggy
but it is no ground on which this court can proemethe
that the neutral canter has violated his duty by boobs
despatches, which as far as he can know may be preMemnal
to be of an innocent nature, and in the mainteethes of a
pudic coneexioe." And he continues, slim* siker-
wards " It is to be considered also. with mild 1* ibis
question, what may be due to the of the
bsee
neutral state ; for its interest may require that the inter-
course of correspondence with the enemy's country should
not be altogether interdicted. It might be thought to
amount almost to a declaration that au ambassador from
the essay shall not reside in the neutral state if be is de.
dated to be debarred from the only metes of communicating
with his own. For to what useful result can he reside
there without the opportunities of such a communication?
It is too much to say that all the business of the two state.
shall be transacted by the minister of the neutral state re-
sident in the enemy's country. The practice of nations hu
allowed to neutral states the privilege of receiving minis-
ters from the belligerent states, and the use and CODTani•
mice of an immediate negotiation with them."
That these principles must necessarily extend to every
kind of diplomatic communication between government and
government, whether by sending or receiving ambusadors
or commissioners personally, or by sending or receiving
despatches from or to such ambassadors or commissioners,
or from or to the respective goveromente, is too plain to
need argument; and Is thew DO leas dear that such cote.
munications must be as legitimate and innocent in their first
commencement as afterwarda, and that the rule cannot be
restricted to the case in which diplomatic relations are
already formally established by the residence of an accre-
dited minister of the belligerent power in the neutral coun-
try. It is the neutrality ci the one party to the commu-
nicationa, and not either the mode of the communi-
cation or the time when it first takes place,
which furnishes the test of the true application of
the principle. 'The only distinction arising out of the
pseuliar circumstances of a civil war and of the non-recog-
nition of the independence of the de facto government dews
lot the belligerents, either by the other belligerent or by
the neutral power, is this ; that " for the purpose of avail.
log the difficulties which might arise from a formal led
positive solution of these questions, diplomatic spade are
I frequently substituted, who are clothed with the powers
and enjoy the immunities of ministers, though they are not
invested with the representative character, nor entitled to
diplomatic honours.": Upen this footing Maws. Mason
and Slidell, who are expressly stated by Mr. Seward to
have been sent as pretended ministers plenipotentiary
from the Southern States to the courts of St. James'
and of Paris, must have been sent, and would have
been, if at all, received ; and the reception of
. these gentlemen upon this footing could not have been
Judy regarded, wording to the law of Delius, as a hostile
' or unfriendly act towards the United SWIM Nor, indeed,
is it dear that these peetlemen would have been clothed

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t The " Corolla' (Chr. Rob., 461) ; cited and &wand
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W1M0•011 " 131111111,115, Pad I,L, chap. I,igc"

• Byakorshoek : "Quoit. Jut PtibL," lib. 1, alp. 9.
f " trains," 3 Chr. Rob., 167.
The " Caroline," 6 Chr. Rob., 401
The " Orozembe 6 Chr. Rob., 434.
Vatisl, lib. iv., chap. 7, we. 66.

NEWSPAPER
(ill
(711) 0133 rt 4.5
Jrra
iStstmnitd_ ld. Additional.) LTW

with say powers, or have enjoyed any immunities belled to the dradebe that ebbs semi es de es me b
these accorded to diplomatic opiate not officially reeogaissi. ' salsa; aka, Ma it Toro% grail llosidignik a sookag
It appears to her Mtjesty's government to be a .summary vowel. swim, as onsaibmg et „IL Her
and certain deduction from these principles, that the convey- , is mord such a doctrine as wholly inc.
awe of paddle agents of this character from Banana" ! osseileable wkil **true principles of maritime
understood
law ; and
St. Thorsie ea their way to Great BATA. esd remmes,. sal ' issminly with *owe priacipies aa they have been
of their rstissadeosrimpalebse (if sae') on bawd the Tank ink tine mai of this country.
was resksid NM abbe a tilektion of the dudes at amp I It is to be hither observed that pickets engaged in the
tnlity ea ear 111111.4 Ikea vessel ; and both tar that ma- postal service, and keepiog up the regular and periodical
ace, sad rile the destination of BAN Pm= I emaniankatioim between the different countries of Europe
and :fai was bona fide neutral, It Min sad America, sod other parts of the world, though in the
the j ty's government dear and anlada. dome of treaty stipulations they may not be exempted
that they efiegla tilliewilleakemd. Il ham visit and march in time of war, nor from the penalties
The deegaiegailigalgimnd hae is whole banditha lad ,of say violation of neutrality, if proved to have been
mos is ebs gelsiple, vwishis umbers more loonlatakT knowingly committed, are still, when wiling in the ordinary
imsblillut Oat la the following passage of Brahan 1 haak• and ieseesat mores of their legitimate employment, which
Aim sloths in general terms the duty of inspartiel wog& is the e0,,,,0rw00 of malls and passengers, en.
asotrality, he adds :—" Et wine id, quod mode aka." titled to pesdits favour and protection fro'rair—pc:varn.
leo taitum ratio docet, mil et usua, inter owned fere genies meets in whose service they are engaged. To detain, ilia-
linnliOngn QtaaVia enim libera lint atm manann lan' *orb, or interfere with them, without the very gravest
emnjurnert, uscodukeistalambeellania= eaugs'
"aid,
not beard"; actto a of
at
nmosttten""usr a.nd variendetyibolurion:i .
Imeggewaillimalas et foveatur. Non Ikea igitar laterstri vidual and private interests, but to the public interests of
Millalleillisire in hello gamed° opus bele* ; ret rant neutral and friendly goseemossitt.
tembuthi wiry et quorum tranciPuna in baba nano Inlin• It has been necessary to dwell upon these points is aloe
.., HON* bre interdictum est, ne quid ear=t, hostlbus detail, because they involve principles of the highest )as:
nill.l4nbemiii ; quid his rebus nos ipal quodammodo mt.., and bemoan, if Mr. Seward'.
argument
were
vidosablli aadcia megrim bellum facers." • acted upon as sound, the most injurious consequences might
Tbs iplissiple of contraband of war is here clearly ex- follow.
plainest i sad It is Impossible that salmi or despatches. For instance, in the prompt war, according to Mr.
which de net Winn within that lAD** OM in this mum sesssya doctrine, any packet ship ding a Confederate
agent boos Dover to Calais. or from OIL to Dover, might
be captured and carried to New Ycrk. In case of a war
between Austria and Daly, the conveyance of an Italian
minister or agent might canoe the capture of a moral
pears,. plying between Malta and Marseilles, or between
Malta sad Oihndtar, the condemnation of the ship at
Trim* and the coalbsemeat of the minister or agent in an
Ambles prima. Se la the late war between Great Britain
NA Frames on the cos hand, and Russia on the other, a
Semi= minister gain from Hamburg to Washington, in
aa Amebae ship, might have been brought to Portsmouth,
the ship might have been condemned, and the minister sent
to the Tower of London. So also a Confederate vessel of
Ter might capture a award steamer on it. way from Hali-
fax to Liverpool, on the proud of its carrying despatches
feces Ides. Seward to Hr. Admit
la view, therefore, of the erroneous prioeiplee smarted by
Hr. Seward, and the cesemeerreas they involve, her Ma-
bety's government think it neeeseary to declare that they
would not acquiesce in the capture of any British merchant-
dip in circumstances similar to those ei the Trent, and
W/ the Get of its being brought before a prise court, though
b mesh' alter the character, would not diminish the gravity,
Mb, offence against the law of nations which would thereby
lei earesuitteL
limiel.dhpesed of the question whether the persous
eamiebus‘ tbib impound despatches were emehaband of
leap I apt milord hem the necessity of dimming the
Air quietism raised by hir. Seward, namely, whether
Chastain Wale had lawfully 1 right to atop and search the
Trent for times persons and their supposed despatches;
whether that eight, assuming that he possessed it, was ex-
ercised by him is a lawful and proper manner ; and whether
belhad a rigbitletimplare the persons found on board.
The lifik gamin pub by Mr. Seward, namely. whether
Omits& WOMemeaeised the alleged right of capture in the
miaow *wed mid seappieed by the law of nations, is re-
gibed by Ilb. beisial liemeelf in the negative.
toesorAeombres, lewerever, without noticing one very
solar puss. is lest. :4•.. Tea* ditsta.
..... Seward amens that, "if the whey of this tinfoil
Iles datentiaa if thimptered persons it would be
*ld sad duty of this gerresemeat to detain them."
resemb to my that the vas* proportions of the in-
, seasebres, and the comparative waimportance of the cap-
Wig poem themselves, forbid him from resorting to that
dillegpe. Mr. Seward*, does not here assert any right
timid dr talmndissal law, however inconvenient or kn.,
NSW ii "ladle litillee ; he entirely loses sight of the
milk allemse Vida ISMS between the exercise of an ex-
treme silld said the 11011110illiOn of ea unquestionable
wrong. Hie !Tankages compels me to be equally open, and
to inform him that Great Britain could not have submitted
to the perpetration of that wrong, however flourishing
' might have been the insurrection in the South, and how-
ever important the persons captured might have been.
Happily all danger of hostile collision on this subject has
been avoided. It I the earnest hope of her Majesty'. go
varament that similar dangers, if they should arise, may be
averted by peaceful negotiations conducted in the spirit
which befits the organs of two great nations.
I request you to read this despatch to Mr. Seward, and
give him a oopy of it. —I am, &c.,
(Signed) Itasem.L.

directly military.
These quotations are, as it seems to her Majesty's govern-
ment, irrelevalit. The words of life W. Scott are, in both
masa, applied by Mr. Seward la a sense different from that
is which they were used. Sir William Batt does sot say
that as =broader, seat from a Imiligssent to a neutral
state, may be stopped as contraband while on his merge
on board a neutral vessel belonging to that or any other
neutral state ; nor that, if he be not metrahaad, the other
belligerent would have any right to stop him no each a voy-
age. The sole object which Sir William Soot' bad in view
was to explain the extent and limits d tios &skim of the
inviolability at ambamodces, in virtue of that character;
for lie says :
" The limits that are amigoad to the operations of war
against them, by Patel and other writers upon these sub-
jects, ire, th*t you may exercise your right of war egoist;
Ithem wherever the character of hostility exiats. Too vier
stop tkt amiailador of your enemy on his pinup Si&
when be has arrived, and has taken upon him the tsselbees
of his aloe, and has been admitted 134 his representative
character, he becomes a sort of middle-area, entitled to
peculiar riving's, ae est apart for the pretrial.), of the
relations et amity and pease, in maistaisisgAiditill as
tbu are in some degree isterestsd.*
There is otelaisly nothing In this pimp from which an
pianism in be drawn so totally °primed to the general
amour el the whole judgment as that as ambassador pro-
ceeding to the eintutry to which he is best, and an board a
neutral vessel belonging to that country, ass be stopped on
the penal the* rtes commeyance al sash as ambassador is a
breach et sesteality, which it nun be if he be tostreband
of war. ffir William Soon is Imre expressing sot his own
opinion merely, but the doctrine which he considers to have
hem laid dews by writers el authority spat the satinet
Nei writit al satherity has ever seggested that as ambeesav
des preending le • neutral state me bond me of its Sew
cheat ships I mstagesd of war. The wily writer
named by Sir William Sent is Vattel3 lama words
me them Os peat =sere Meager ot wrier
sea gess" (i.e. gem do reseed) " portent al ea • la
Illsert4 d'esereer des seta difeciatillti. Nos esuleanst dose
on pent justonseut refiner le pewee ant Mishima neus
esnemi swops b &antra Seuveraine ; en lea mite mime,
diy estrepremasot de purr iscritement et ease per-
inissies dims lee limas Boat es eat mann."
And he adds as as example the leisure of • Emma am-
bassador, when passing through the dominions ci Hanover
during war batmen Ilegkad and Frame, by the Kies of
Begland, who wee also Sovereign of Hanover.
The rule, therefore, to be collected from these authorities
is, that you may stop an enemy's aatbaseador in any place of
which you are yourself the master, or in any other
place where you have a right to exercise seta of hostility.
Your own territory, or ships of your own country, me
places of which you are yourself the master. The
enemy's territory, or the enemy's ships, are places in which
you have a right to ermine mite of hostility. Neutral
yea
guilty d no violatlos of the laws of neutrality, are
plasm where yen have no right to exorcise sere of hostility.
It would bean inversion of the doctrine that ambamedors
have pandas privileges to argue that they are lees protected
Visa other sea. The right conclusion is that as embus-
bar Nest to • neutral power is inviolable on the high era, as
well as In neutral waters, while under the protection of the
nanteg flag.
The other dictum of Sir William Scott, in the case of
the Ormembo, is even lees pertinent to the present question.
That related to the case of a neutral ship which, upon the
effect of the evidence given on the trial, was held by the
court .to have been engaged as an enemy's transport, to
convey the enemy's military officers, and some of his civil
officers whose duties were intimately connected with
military operations, from the enemy's country to
ne of the enemy's colonies, which was about
o be the theatre of those operations, the whole
being done under colour ef • simulated neutral
destinatioo. But as long as a ventral government, within
whose territories no military operations are carried on,
adheres to its profession of neutrality, the duties of civil
officers on a mission to that government and within is ter-
ritory cannot possibly be " connected with" any " WSW,
operations," in the sense in which these words wars mell
by Sir William Scott, as indeed is rendered quite dials
the passages already cited from his own judgmeatili the I
case of the Caroline.
In connection with this part of the subject it is seminary
to notice a remarkable range in Mr. Seward's mete,
which he says, " I assume in the present cue what, as I mad
British authorities, is regarded by Great Britain laseeelf
as true maritime law, that the circumstance that the Trent
was proceeding from • neutral port to another neutral port
does not modify the right of the belligerent capture." If,
indeed, the immediate and ostensible voyage of the Trent
bad been to • neutral port, but her ultimate and real-desti-
nation to some port of the enemy, her Majesty's government
might have been better able to undentivad the reference to
British authorities contained in this merge. It is ma.
doubtedly the law as laid down by British authorities, that
if the real destination of the vessel he hostile (that is, to
the enemy or the enemy's country), it easel be covered
and rendered inmost by • iketticas destination to a nominal
port. But if the real tenants cf the voyage ha boast
fide in a neutral Unitary, so Magill, see indeed, as
her Majesty's 'overeating believe, any Alearleas sa
thority tan be found which has ever gives misatessme

THE CHARLESTON BLOCKADE.
The following despatch from Lori Lyons to Earl
Russell, dated Washington, Jan. 14, and reoeived
on Monday, is published in last night's Goad& :
My Leed,—Three days ago, in obedienos to your lordship's
mien, I spoke to Mr. Seward on the subject of the plan
adopted by this government of obstructing the entranos to
some of the harbours in the Southern States, by sinking
vessels, laden with stoves, in the channels.
Mr. Seward observe that it was altogether a mistake to
suppose that this pita bed been devised with a view to injure
the harbours parmasaatly. It was, he said, simply a tempo-
rary military measure adopted to aid the blockade-
The government of the United Slates had, last spring, with a
navy very little prepared for so extensive an operation, un-
&deka° to blockade upwards of 3,000 miles of coast. The
Sessidary of the Navy had reported that he could stop up
the • large holes" by means of his @hips, but that he could
sobdep up the " small ones" It had been found neessary,
Meseadigq to does some of the numerous small inlets by
-It- s 11410114 in the channels. It would be the deity of the
sz=at the United States to remove all these
.as moon as the union was restored. It was
e mnisestood that this was an obligatiou ineambent on
OS rascal Government. At the end of the war
with Great Britain that government had been called
twin to remove a vessel which bad been sunk in
dig harbour of havateeah, mod lad rsoognhed the
Wed removed removed the vessel acoordingly: Moreover, the
States were nowc Fated in a civil war with the
bre& lie was not pre to way that, as as operation
is war, it was unjustafla to destroy permanently the bar-
Ileum of the enemy, but nothing of the kind had been done
on the present occasion. Vessels bad been sunk by the
rebels to poorest the seem to their ports of the cruieen of
the United States. The lame measure had been dopted by
the United States In order to make the blockadea complete.
When the war was ended, the removal of all these obstruc-
tions would he a mere matter of expense—them would be
1110 vitt difficulty in removing theui effectually. Besides,
U bed already been done in the awe of Port Royal, the
United States would open better harbours than those which
they closed.
I oohed Mr. Seward whether the principal entrance to
Charleston Barbour had not been mostly closed altogether,
by vessels souk by order of this government ; and I ob-
served to him that the opening of a new port, thirty or forty
miles off, would hardly console the people of the large
town of Charleston for the destruction of their own harbour.
Mr. Seward said that the best proof he could give me that
the harbour of Charleston had not been rendered inacces-
sible was, that in spite of the sunken vessels and of the
blockading Readmits, a British steamer laden with contra-
band of war had just sancesded in getting in.—l have, etc.,
(Signed) LYONS.

WHOM LAST HIM'S GA7ZITE.)
Tics OTIDIZ Or sus Danl.—Was-or ries, JAN.
28.—The Queen bee been graciously pleased to give orders
for the Villa:win appointiswais to the Most Honourable
Order of the Bath :—Tia be es ordinary member of the mili-
tary division of the mooed clam, or Knights Commanders,
viz. : Major-General Obvert Corbett, C. 8., Bengal In-
fantry. To be ordinary members of the military division
of the tided aims, or Commander, Major-Geueral
Francis Whaler, Bengal Cavalry ; Colonel John Mao Duff,
74th Itegitnent ; larralienant-Colonel John Neptune Sargent,
&d Iteeneent
_Lhvatearat-Oeionel Augustus William Mur-
ray, let West India Itestatent.
IHDIA-011/107, JAN. 21.—Her Majesty bas been
pleased to t the Wet Honourable the Earl of Elgin
end Kiaoer sea, ILT., U. 0.5., to be her Majesty's Viceroy
and Governor-O•noral of India.
Fussros-orrlcs, Dsc. 20. —The Queen baa been
stewed to ,int W. H. redder, Seq., to
be
crliY eetja card at •
angium, JAIL 27. —The Queen bee been
reto nemlsate the Rev. Richiurd Edward Werner,
in tbe pergetwel curacy of Seitterby, in the °tasty
mad di MOM et Lineeht, void by the death of *sage. Mimi
Wm.

a wl
ald
bib
Ow Yr I
1.....a1imus
L., 0.
Y. . —Ji
aft 46.

The report on tee general state ul cue cuar.., ..
ollection of diplomatic documents, and the bill for THE PAR 1
IS BOURSE.
Le conversion of the Four-and-a-Half per Cent. Pew JAIL
The nose was dull at the opening, but closed
entsa,were then laid on the table of the hose. arm • • . animatedfinal quotation of Rental,
Octant Many said that, the , _ • .
...._
f the (iodation, a committee a ...
a Thursday next to examine the bill for the cow
THE AFFAIR OF THE TRENT.