The Express.
London, England, 1852-12-10 00:00:00

FRANCE.

PARIS. TEVAIIDAT EVENING.
The Moniteur announces, in its non-Akiol part,
that the Emperor will restore to hberty, to their
families, and to their country all those suffering
from the consequences of civil discord, excepting
such u have been guilty of crimes reproved by
morality, on the sole condition of submitting to the
national will, and engaging not to commit henceforth
any act against the Government of the Elect of the
country

A professorship of civil law is created in lieu of
that of constitutional law, which is abolished.
A note in the Mottiteur says that the government
must resist the too numerous demands for railway
concessions.

The Monieeur decks that France intends to alter
the relations of Tunis with Turkey.
The Moniker contains the following allusion to
the debates in parliament on Monday last :
The leakier, of Groot Britain annoanced to the two
abaasbeas SIM* the recogaition of the new
I WPM wbilak all From ass jut proclaimed.
The adhered by the principal Secretary of State
for /Whim mad by the Chancellor of the Exchequer,
leave me and no ambiguity [efunopott], subsisting
eathe loremeh. to ibe Sall aad entire recognitios of the new Emperor of

—This paragraph is remarkable in more respects
than one. It is lopen to the same general objection
as Lord Malmeebuiy's speech—it is too long. Why
lie there any addition to the official fact P Why such
emphasis, and emphasis of such peculiar kind ? The
wording of the note implies that but for the minis-
' terial speeches an official act of the crown of England
would have been doubtful and equivocal Then what
is the meaning of a "full and entire" recognition to
be gathered from the speeches and the official act
together, as distinguished from and something
more than the plain fad of the recognition
according to diplomatic form P It would- seem
las if the French government had caught at something
unexpected in Lord blalmesbury's speech, to which
it is anxious that the nation should be pinned. The
note certainly shows in a striking light the incon-
venience pointed out by Visomat Canning of a
minister going out of his way to deliver a personal
opinion upon the affairs of other smirks. Upon
this subject the Proses says :
Lord Yellnesburr, antrary :ohinT to sea eases, and
tbe nen* albs
Iris sellesgres, int Ids announce-
ment in • egssele. tin WOW drew down upon hue
111111111WWWIS ImmiliseVer • misister. We ourselves
whits wablisbleg mere g nay insurrnag, have felt
MISSINIMI7 11. reprobselag th• awasitt•
tie taw et tbs Reath Itiaistse ef Amiga Alain.
' The Menilleur aid ether gevermaset journals
pablish full tramiations of Lord ftlabiessibury's
speech.
The Patrie, without giving say mum states that
the departure of Abd-el-linder, whisk had been
fixed for this day, is postpone& ter NM days.
The Sink addressee the Senate as if it were an
independent body, open to advice, and really occu-
pied in discussing the constitution without being
bound to a foregone conclusion. Not daring to com-
ment an the true state of the case, this journal affects
to eaketein a hope that the present opportunity will
be talon to amend the constitution in a liberal spirit.
It sells to 'dad that the Emperor, en a memorable
oscorim whin President of the Republic, said that
whoa assist, should le established upon solid bases,
mime pewee &said be strengthened, a larger
seesaw et liberty. might, without danger,
be greeted, and inquires whether the tame
has not now arrived. The principal of authority, it
says, has attained all the force and energy of which
it is susceptible, and if it be true that stability is in-
sured by declaring power hereditary, the country
now enjoys • more solid stability than the boldest
minds could have ventured to hope for. An ironical'
reference is then made to the article of the constitu-
tion which appoints the Senate guardian of the pub-
lic liberties, and it is inquired whether the mission of
the Senate may not be compared to that of shepherd,
whom duty is not only to . guard his flock, but
to me that its number is complete. If a
roll call of public liberties were to be made,
would not more than one be found missing P Then it is
asked whether the senate would not do well to let
in the light upon their own proceedings, instead of
Gifting with nWed doors. When the old house of
peers deliberated in secret, one of the meet eminent
members of their body melaimedfn • melancholy tone
"We are stifled here, and we do not exercise the
Mosses than we ought to do, become we cannot
speak with over doors and windows open." This
=lllong since become famous, was justified
; afterwards by the revolution of 1890. The
Sibele then alludes to the serious subject of the
poises to be given to the legislative body, and
refuses to believe that after the experience of the
last section has demonstrated the necessity of giving
the people's representatives larger powers of wady,
and amendment, the Senate consent to oblige
the Chamber to vote the budget of each minister
a lump. In the preamble to thesonstitation it is :
" The mandataries of the nation villas serious things
with deliberation." Nothing can be mare sorrow
than a vote upon receipts and expeaditare, and to
madder this subset seriously, it is at last asoesar
that each chapter of the budget should be
”mately. The article, atter hinting that freedom
of- the • press he one of the lasing *liberties
which the Senate would do well to look after,
sweeludes by stating that, although liberty i.
far the moment out of fashion' it
suppose
be a fhtal mistake to thatall
ali
at their rights is est' in the beerttlti:
people, that this emissionsome is sue to =mike& itself
sooner or later, and that the manifestation will be
the more inside and the more &kW the more it is
anticipated and seconded by power.

WIDIBIDAT RUINING.
Aa imperial harm dated December 2, is pub-
heed tad ay, dratitimg that all gold, milver, sad
law Remy shall he stamped with the image of
As Norm The sew coinage will bear on the
bee the Ismdfdea, "Napoleon 111. Emperor," and
ea the mom a Empire Francais."
The Isspier bast evening was present at the
Dallas Theatre to witness the first representation of
Verdi's new Opera of " Luisa Miller. On the pre-
ceding evefildthe Emperor visited the French
opera, now cal by the long name of the Aoadtmie
Imperials de Masique, where the " Ind Errant " was
performed.
A brochure, published originally in 1808, and
entitled " L'Etivette Imperials," I. now reprinting,
by order of the aster of the Ceremonies, and will
be the authority in such matters at this court.

ITALY.
PIEDMONT:
M. His de Buteuval, the French ambassador at
Turin, gave a grand soiree on the 4th. The whole
corps diplomatique was present, as also Count Cavoar,
and the Minister, of Foreign Affairs and War.
The Riaoryinaesto of Turin of the bth says, that
after the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies in which
Count Cavnur made his financial statement, Count
Revel, one of the loader, of the absolutist opposition,
complimented Lim upon the clearness and talent
with which it was drawn up. It had already been
observed that the Be.lbo and Revel section, of the

Chamber had constantly voted with the cabinet ever
since its reconstruction.

SPAIN.

The Madrid Gazette of the 3rd publishes a number
of documents connected with the proposed " reforms "
of the constitution. The first of these is the report
presented to the Queen by her cabinet : it is dated
Dec. 2, and signed Bravo Murillo. This document
seta forth that the ministers having obtained her
Majesty's permission, had proposed to present to the
Cortes that day two bills, one on the budget for 1853,
and the other on the reform of the constitution of the
monarchy, with others of subsidiary value. That
however, the election of officers of the congress which
had taken place the day before having been un-
favourable to the government, although marked by
a certain moderation ; and more, a proposition which
the ministers do not care to qualify, except as pro-
ng unfavourably the bills which the government
had intended to present, having been made the
means of attacking the government, the ministers
had thought fit to submit these facts to the Queen,
that she might decide in her sovereignty
whether they, the ministers, should lay down their
functions or not. Her Majesty, the report goes on to
say, had resolved instead upon the dissolution of the
Cortes, which had been effected that day. The
ministry being thus unable to lay their measures be-
fore the chamber, and the intention of her Majesty
being to submit them to the next Cortes, the cabinet
prays permission to publish them in the Gazate,
that so the country, the senators, and the deputies
may have an exact idea of what is intended, and
"that all may in this manner appreciate the great-
ness of the benefit which the maternal heart of her
Majesty has devised for Spaniards."
Thereupon follows a royal decree, ordaining the
publication desired in the report preceding.
This is followed by the draught of •constitution, of
which the following is a summary:-
1. Religion.--The religion of the Spanish nation
is exclusively the catholic apostolic and Roman
religion. The relations of the church with the state
will be fixed by the Crown and the Sovereign Pontiff,
in virtue of concordsts which will have the force of
law.

2. The Laws.—The laws are made by the Sove-
reign and the Cortes. The initiative belongs to the
King, and to each branch of the legislature. No tax
can be imposed or collected without the sanction of a
law. The general budget of the state is permanent ;
it cannot be changed except by law. The accounts
will be presented annually, for the examination and
approval of the Cortes. Loans and sales of national
property require the sanction of a law. The civil
list will be fixed at the commencement of each
reign.
3. The Cortes.—These are composed of the two
legislative bodies, the Senate and Congress, equal in
power. The Senate is composed of hereditary mem-
bers, senators by birth, and senators for lite. They
are nominated by the King. The qualifications of a
senator are determined by a separate law. The sons
of the King and those of the heir presumptive are
senators by right of birth. In addition to its legis-
lative functions the senate has to judge of impeach-
ments preferred against ministers by the congress;
to take cognisance of offences against the person and
dignity of the King; and to judge its own members
according to law.
The congress is composed of those who have been
chosen by the electoral juntas. Neither of the le-
gislative bodies can sit when the other is not in
session. Besides their legislative powers, which
they exercise with the sovereign, the Cortes have
the following attributions: to receive the oath of
the King, or of the regent the oath to maintain the
constitution; to elect the regent of the realm, and
name the tutor of the King when aminor, and to
render the responsibility of ministers effective by
exercising the power of impeachment.
The senators and deputies are inviolable as far as
their votes and opinions in the exercise of their
functions are concerned. They cannot be arrested
going or coming mikes taken in an overt act of
micas.

4t. The King.—His person is mused and invio-
late; be is not responsible for his acts. The
sadder, alms are responsible. As the executive
pewit his authority extends to all departments of the
geverament. In urgent cues he may anticipate the
aides of the legislature upon the report of his
;Maar% who will give an account to the Cortes on
their meeting. All the royal acts will be counter-
slimed by the ministers. The King convokes the
Orbs, suspends and clues the sessions of and
diesolves the Chamber of Deputies. In the latter
ease he will convoke and assemble new Corte.
within six months. The Cortes will meet every year.
They will to convoked whenever a vacancy of the
mown oceursor whenever, from nay cause, the King
shall be irespable of governing. The King grants
menestise. declares war and makes peace, coins
messy, sad nominates to all employments and bo-
soms. The King cannot alienate, cede, or exchange
say don of the national territory, Airy treaties
of offensive alliances or of commerce, or abdicate the
mown without the concurrence of the Cortes. The
marriages of the sovereign and his stimeesor will be
previously brought to the knowledge of the Cortes,
whose sanction will be required to their attendant
sdritions.
iouesion to the Throne.—This wi l follow the
ceder of primogeniture, anterior taking madame
etposterior lives. In case of failure of descendants
of fla IL her sister and uncles, brothers of her
father, will succeed if they are not excluded. In
cuss of failure of the.. lives a new call to the thus,
must take place. All questions of right to the throne
will be settled by law. Persons who may be declared
incapable of governing or whb may have committed
some disqualifying cot are excluded from.the sum-
sion. The consort of a reigning queen has no share
in the government.
_

6. Regents and Totem—The King is a minor
until his 14th year Is accomplished. During the
minority of the Xing his father or mother, or nearest
kinsman, will enter upon the regency, and 'stain it
until the Xing is of age. When there I. a* ppm
to whom the tort C-1_21.1 hiurtight the Corks IdLl
appoint a regent. Wham a ' is declared by the
Cates incapable of governing, eldest son of 14
years of age will assume the regency. The tutor oil
a miser King must be a Spaniard by birth, and will
be naiad in the testament of the defunct monarch,
or, ih.Aetaalt, nominated by the Cortes. The same
peons rosy not be tutor sad regent except it be the
Sthe Xing. •
ari bp the proposed constitution of Spain. The
assiavt en the senate provides that ita hereditary
ab= shall be grandees of Spain who are each by
*sit pyre ; they mast be born in Spain, or be sons
of liPutlards, yosm of age, and pay at laser
30.000 reds (7,600 E) tax on real estate.
The law on the composition of the Cortes
provides that the Chamber shall be composed
of 271 deputies directly elected, each from
one district. A deputy most be thirty years
of age, a Spaniard, having paid for two (7
before the day of his election 3,000 reds (750
fr.) in direct taus, or 2,1300 reels, of which 500
are contributions iffunobilieres. or 1,000 real of
contributions tessudilisres. Churchmen, soldiers
in active servile, and judicial functionaries, are
incapable, as also are functionaries of the state re-
wiring less than 30,000 teals.
Electors must be Spaniards who have attained
26 years of age, and lived two years in the
place where they claim to vote. Further they must be
of the number of the 150 persons rated highest to the
direct general contributions. The ministers may if
they think fit attend the sittings of the two legis-
lative bodies. Government business lee precedence
of all other in the senate and congress. Ministers
may speak when they please, in or out of their turn,
but they can never vote, even although they belong
of right to the body in which they appear.
When the interests of public order require, the
government may proclaim any part of the monarchy I
or the whole either in the Roe prerentjf or in the'
state of siege. The government may delegate this I
power. The teat prerentifinvolves the suspension of
the law on the liberty of individuals, but no subject
can be taken out of his own province. When the
state of siege is proclaimed, all power is resumed in
the hands of the military authorities.