The Express.
London, England, 1863-09-19 00:00:00

[Stimped) Id. Adelio■ei.]

THE FRENCH DESPATCH -UPON THE

POLISH QUESTION.

The Monifeer of yesterday contains the despatch
upon the Polish question addressed by W. Drouya

de Lbuys to the Duke of Montebello, French am-
bassador at St. Petersburg, in reply to the note of
Prince Gortchakoff, publishe4 in our columns
some weeks Mime. The despatch, which is dated
August 3, 1883, is followed by a supplement
in which an analysis is given of the various stipu-
lations of the treaty of 1815 that have reference to
Poland, and which show the right of the powers to
interfere in her behalf.

M. Drouyn de Lhuys commences by expressing
his regret that negotiations have led to no result,
and that the Russian government has modified its
first attitude by rejecting the proposals of the
three powers and substituting others for them which
are inadmissible. He denies that the insurrection
in Poland is the work of mere demagogues, and
points out that it has met with the openly ex-
pressed sympathy of the Wench Chambers, the
English Parliament, the Austrian Reichsrath, and
of almost every constitutional assembly in Europe,
besides being supported by the spontaneous de-
monstrations of public opinion and the prem. Be
thinks, therefore, that the Russian government
commits itself to a "fatal delusion," by continuing
to urge such erroneous explanations Of the terrible
convulsions by which Poland is agitated. M. Drouyn
de Lhuys thus continues :

The cabioet of Bt. Petersburg is disposed, we an bald, es
take into consideration the six points that have been re.
commended to it u the bases of deliberations ; but it makes
the ooaditiou that the insurrection "hall first be supprarad.
We believe, on the oantrary, „that the surest means at
appeasing the public rand would be the immediate appli-
Oltiloll and development of a large system of 001101111.008
really calculated to give. satinfactioo to the national senti-
ment. Costlier taking place every, day, in which so much
blood has aka* been spilt, caufonly, by being( perplared.
render reentenent more implacable, and close up every
avenue of concillatko.
Profoundly moved by this spectacle, the three ends
had flattered tbsureives that, arms being silent, arrange.
mate acceptable to the two partite might be car
eluded, and that the provisional aspersion cd
hostilities might lead to • definite pacification.
The cabinet of Bt. Petersburg rejects the ingpstio•
in the name of the Russian nation and army ; but
is the dignity of a peat empire interested to the retina-
-1 ante of as unequal struggle! We thought not ; nor did we
think that the idea of an aracistice, calculated to facilitate
the work of negotiation, was impractioabla. The most
irrsconcirba adarearies of Russia would not have daredto
refire or to beak this trace. Rad they done a, the n•
sensibility would ben ben with them. finch • trial de
served to be mark : and even had it failed, there would have
• in our opinion, honour and profit for those who pd
attempted it.
We could not expect the mss ranks from an amnesty
which would be subordinated to the political ideas of the
Russian ravarareact, the prospects of which hie Bicepses,
Prince Gotichakoff pre us • glimpse of alter the entire
submission of the Warm ta. We are in a politica to mei-
mate by the Isat menesty the infineace which& rare parrs
of clemency would have upon the Poles.
Finally, the althea°, Bt. Petersburg substitutes fir the'
araissesoce that in its previous dadaratioss it assured to
&neva to the meeting of a conforare of the powers who
shroud the Treaty of Vienna, the proposal of ospitiatians
baleen Russia, Austria, sad Prase* arm the questions of
Israel adalsidistiaa nand by the state of things Li
Poland. The potion would have, moreover, only a right r:if
intaxpritatios, which could sot bind Roar, and moth*
useful sag be expected from a fresh discsaros upon 'ape.
lotions so framaitly discussed without leading to an under.
standing.
I do sot propose, Monsieur le tine, to enter into a pro.
found examination of the doctrine professed by the cobra
of St. Petersburg respecting the negotiations of which the
affairs of Poland were the subject in 1815, or et the
crane of the treaty of the 9th of June of the same year. by
which the congress meant to. regulate the couditiou of
the Polish nation. I have added to this despatch a memoir
which recalls the facts and indicates the ideas of the plem.
potentiates. I manly refer to it, and confine myself
to the easetial principles which it appears tome to
establish.
The conclusion of the general treaty of Vienna was pre-
ceded, it is tree, by that of special treaties between ths
three powers bordering on Poland ; but those treaties bad
base prepared by long and laborious negotiations, the
really European character of which it is impossible to
mistake. Moreover, the congress did not establish

' such an absolute distinction as the St. Potent's%
'cabinet supposes between the general stipulating
and the special disposition It a; oees are tains.
I dosed textually into the final tarty, the other are 'sped.
ally sansei. The duty of the powers is act bowel's, ten
• revise the Made ol administrative reesdatiom, or bier-
moeise them with the program of the times. The gen Mel
prinaiples themselves are is question, and the object of the
cabinets Is to restore peace to Poland, either by defenses.
Mg the applicatioa that the Mipulations of Vienna visit
of, OT by suggesting the modifications they might receive se es
to satisfy better the neoessitim of the future. The sir
notary powers of the treaty of the tmogrees awes
therefor*, competent to disown in concert with Ruts
the questions of public law and general 'Merest that the-
Polish insurrection places upon some measure upon the order
of the day.
The mart of Austria, which the Rustian government
invited to co-operate in this !operate negotiation, from
which ws should have been excluded, as well as the govern-
ments of her Britannic Majesty, Spain, Portugal, and
Sweden—the court of Austria was the first to recognise
that that proposition could not he accepted, and it nubile.
tatiogly rejected it as opposed to its dignity
The Emperor's government on its side, M. le Due, could
not subscribe either to the combiustion promoted by the
St. Petersburg cabinet or to the oonsideratious put forth is
support of it in Prime Oortoliakors despatch.
We are perseaded that in following the path ripoa which
It has entered the court of Bark withdraws itself from
thew:meets of a wise polloyas much as from the stipulations
of treaties. Bat net having succeeded in making it share
the eceviction with which we ars penetrated, we can only
now admit the inutility of our efforts. It err.
sainly will not have been the fault of the powers
if the solution of the Polish question, so closely alacciated
with the repose of Europe, in sot dimmed with the mess
wry refection and care. Separated from every thought
of ambition, without vendee and without preconceived
ideas, they were impelled by the sole aeriave of contributing
to the padfication of the present disorders, and of
aiding Russia by a thorough examination of the stabs
of Poland to get rid of the cause of complications
which are always reappearing. We were justified in sup-
posiog that the Russian government, animated by similar
dispositions to those of the pones, would not refuse to
associate Resit with their proposals. After having filled
them with that hope, it has thought fit to re.
ject their overtures, to dispute their competency.
Is claiming the absolute independence of its
resolutioaa, and the full exercise of its sovereignty,
the cabled of St. Petersburg restores to us our entire
liberty nf judgment and of action, sad we moot do less
than mareise it.

The Easparees government el the ante time Ms sa in.
pekoe dote to fulal—tbat of milling the most mato=
atteetio• of kit iliesliseey Priam Ciertehakoff to theirevity
ei the situation sod the responsibility w►ioh it barer
apes Boris.

bootee, Auk* and Great Britain have iodinated the
mime amessity of oodiogadoplorolgo Mete of Wogs, fall
of dupe be Europa. They have, moreover, petaled oat
Woo mar mike it appeare to them might to be employed to
arrive et this malt, and they beye elfered their
emepteaterm la seder is ebtaia it mere marely,
U Reeds ego met rte everylkieg that disvelma

[TWOPENCE

apes her, is order to teat* the moderate sod ear
°Watery intentions of the three powers—if she does not
eater upon the path which has been ladicatod to bet by
amicable counsels, she is responsible for the serious sow•
quinces that the prolongation of the disorders is Polsa may
occsaion.

Be good enough, bile Due, toread this despatch to Prince
Gortchalcod, and to leave him a copy of it, se well as of the
official document that you will find annexed. _ _ .

The supplementa;r despatch, already referred
to, follows the document, of which the above is •
transb.tion.

THE RUSSIAN REPLY TO ENGLAND.
The Gazette of last night contains the following
dogwatch, which has beau communicated to Earl
Russell by the Russiau ambassador at this court :
ranrcz OONTCHANOI7 TO IA1o! SINC7IXOW.

"Tearkoe-Aielo, Aug art IS (Sept 7),1863.

“Lad Napier has, by order of hie govermoset, comment-
ated to me • despatch from Lord Reseal, ed which your
exaellency will dad a oopy bereuate &mesa 1$ is an
answer to my despatch of the lit (13th) July lad, which
you were invited to communicate to the Priaripal Secretary
of State of her Brits/ink Majesty. The overtime
which we bad set font is that document were
dictated to no by the issue to arrive at as na-
cidstanding. la re...ivies the ohirivatious whish they
hide segeselod to Lord Itemell wills the attsdies whisk
we always -My to the opinions of lrie Britande Majesty's
we easnot but regret lianwe same some I.
I CalesaTeieek that ice have sot attuned the end ilieh we
had propuoil to mineeirim. Theta thm reoessid that this
dricassioe could oily end in establishing and essilrialeg
the divergeme of oar views, it would be too (*diary to
out ocndlietory disposition for he to peek to prelim' it ;
and we believe diet in this we are set setrig at VitiSINO
with the sentiteieete of the pried* Secidary el SUM el
bet Brilliants Majesty. 'We prefer to Its ant atteation Daly
epos the 1111111atial points of his despatches, upon which we
1154 eurselves agreed, at least in Westin. Her
Britannic Majesty's governmest desire to see
prisaiptly re-establisbed in the kingdom of Poland
a ands of things which shall restore trancraMity to
that ricaatry, repass to Europe, and security to the re/A-
tkin of the cabinets. We entirely share in kite desire, aid
all that can depend upon es shall be done to realise it. Oar
august master continues to be animated by the most bow
volent intentions towards Poland and by the most ear
Military ones towards all foreign powers. To provide la
the welfare of his subjects of all rases aid of
every religions conviction is an obligation which his impe-
rial majesty hes 'mooted brims God, his 030•601100, and his
people. The Emperor devotee ell his solicitude to the Jul-
Meted of that obligation. As regards the responsibility
which may be rimmed by his Majesty in his international
relations, those relations are regulated by public right.
The violation of those fundamental principles can dose in-
volve responsibility. Our august master has constantly
respected and observed them principles wrih regard to
other States. His Majesty has the right to expect and to
Maim the nuns respect ea the part of the other powers.
Yon will be *end to read and give a copy of this despatch
to the prineiped Secretary of State of her Britannic Majesty.
—Bemire, he.”

HOMBURG.

trwK •

HOMBURG, Sirr. 16.

The past week has been one of " high life" in
this little watering place. On Sunday week commenced the
fifth ansivenity of the Sanger Fat for the Main Thal (the
fifth anniversary of the Singes' Ainociation for the River
Maine country). The homes in the city were all decorated
with ever/reser, and numerous tonnes of the various Ger-
man satiou floated from many of the window, of the
houses imeapied by the guests. Over fifty towns
were represented by deleptiona, and at 10 in the
moratag a romantic marched through the streets, preceded
by a band of musk. Thee followed a dekiatime of young
ladies dreamed in white, each carrying in their hands a hand-
some bouquet and a piece of music in • roll. The various
delegations bad each a beautiful silk flag, with appropriate
inscriptions on the same. A large building bad been built
near the Ludwig/ spring for the occasion, handsomely de-
corated with evergreens, Rip, and flowers. The building
was calculated to accommodate shoot 3,000 persons, and to
the the precision marched, when the singing festival took
place. Os the front side of this great building was a life-
like picture of the great Schiller holding a lyre. Some
twelve hundred singers participated in the festival.
A concert was held in the afternoon at four, and also
again on Monday and Tuesday, and during the week
one or two rustic balls. I noticed the English sod American
resident' in the various sheets hung out the union jack and
the star-spangled banner, and not unfrequestly from the
saw e house. It was a very interesting time, and the little
town never looked so py before ; but I regret to learn the
receipts from the sale of tickets did not coma anywhere am
Meg the tape Ole of the building, ha. No pains or =-
Peeve had been spared to make it a splendid exhibition ; even
• Wild triumPb4 Arad tvergrben, hod been erected! acme
• Ansi near the railway. During the singlet festive; Re
Princes Mary and Duke of Cambridge welted the seine, and
were Meth gruel with it. M. Blanc porgies, t learn,
the Next summer to build, for the benefit of American and
Ebel& residents, a handsome bowling alley and wicket
reseed, and perhaps also an archery.

A SOUTHERN LECTURER IN LIVERPOOL—The
Rev. Mr. Stuart, formerly chaplain to the Confederate
army, delivered as address yesterday at the rooms of the
Eleuthera Club, Liverpool, on the American question. He
said that so boundary settlement could be forced on by
intervestion. The resources of the Southerners were gnat.
and their armies well supplied. They had more anal
arms sad • artillery than they could use, and they were
cultivating the soil to such an extent that, with sufficient
MIMS of transport, they could carry on the war for marry
yawn to costa. If the struggler continued they would erect
kid-works in different parts of the States where the ger-
vices of one man smolt; he equal to ten, as operations are
ocieducted at present. He thought the papers bad been
premature on the subject of negro enlistment. The
matter had been agitated for eighteen months,
but the President could not act without the consent
of the Congress, which would not meet until December.
No doubt, however, if a request came from General
Lee, or the State governors, nevem might be enlisted for
has! purpoeee ; and with such aid General Lee's army
would 6e urviaaible. The war coat the North 31. for every
it, expended by the South ; pod the Southern 'erne' rz
grata led menufsettirei of the Xotth-Weel:: States
having been closed by the war, those States were thirsting
for peaoa. The sectional majority that elected Presideat
Lincoln was Mimed to a shadow of ite former greatness;
and if the North auctioned the war it would be under accu-
mulated cost and difficulty. A. to the responsibility of the
war the South was willing to ahids by the judgmeut of pos-
teeity. Mr. Stuart blamed the clergy of New Ragland ea
being the mast active promoters of the ...I.' nail said that it
they withdrew their support from President Lincoln the war
would COW. He cootended that the hand of &NA was to be
NM la the disruption of the Union, and asked why there
could sot exist on the American continent a number of dif-
ferent republics? A vote of thanks was passed to Mr.
Stout.

I---
IMMINBE WARM OF PETROL/ WY AT ROW/SOME.
—Dairies the lest few days the holders and speculators in
petroleum at Rotterdam have been thrown into a state of
the utmost emetereakimi and exciurneet—anionating almost
to • panic—by the annowtoement—which turas out to be
perfectly true—that the surface of the water in the river
and mash is covered will- petroisum. that most have
amaped by leakage. Lazio, th.; mouths of say, Jun.
and July, large quantities of this commodity were Imported
sad duly Mired in the bonded warehouses of the city with.
out Amebae the least sign of leakage of the casks. But
it is now ascertained that a frightful quantity moat bane
escaped, for not only are the river and canals
covered with it, bet it bas penetrated into the
wells, and impregnated the water in them with
a most disagreeable and unpletwant taste. Not only is
there DO good water to be bad for drinking. but the
populace expect a general coodagretion of the city from the
lemintioes epplicetice of a lighted audit, or even • match
falling into tie water anywhere. Every bolder of psum
lees is naturally ahead that his steak has severely suffered
Irma the leakege. The price of the article has already rises
20 per met. Is committee.., sad a further adman le ece-
Meetly as it in now well ascertitieed that the
leekap animate 42 50. sad is semi muss eves 00 me
met, whisk will Isla a swam lose es the hoiden. Au
emeafeatire bee been made, bet though net yet = mum lee hoes sessetalued to aOl/ that the ' mak
lam theigmead nadarneath the wamboeue wham
the mks' were stored. and then sp le a teral es
Iteeteridal arm*. CU It imam& Into the out
vette. lace the
sedan ef which M Inman mem floating.—Tee Grocer.