The Express.
London, England, 1855-06-09 00:00:00

THE EXPREt3S, SATURDAY EVENING, JUNE 9, 1855.

egmesi. hellikations moo seised whisk were visited by
rite of lamp that wen parties to the treaty. Why
keno Owl* he applied to Turkey so was
ematries of the Rhine ? There wee no
met▪
h," Mem wlty we should not fortify the Emotion's
sok* the waseart espervkka el European comeners
kifier thedillealty of dating with such %mottoes at
Mat hone of the eneraisg, but the debate is which they
wise Mgt: was Of the most important Sts'
ewes,would be the an of ta'kleg about the
of the government end the Mindy of their
sehentem he placed before the country those mate.
rids kit thought which be attempted so briefly to sketch—
iest's" be Mowed What were the means, the prinked
means—mesas not humiliating or offensive to /WWII, bat
wens whist might place Turkey is • position whisk for a
big period of time might SWUM the pease of Europe, and
enable her to take her peeper place among European
wakes ? (Rear, hear.) If these were ealy oh own ideas
he should feel tome hesitation in tetrad's' them upon the
attention of the home. but they were motioned by the
greatest statesmen, and therefore he thought it his duty to
state them. There was another very important point which
the beam eaght set to allow to imam its Meatiest,
namely, the eastern coast of the Black Ike. At the pre•
sent moment every ten of the Black Sea below Anapa,with
the caption of two in the pommies of the Turks, were
destroyed. If England allowed pesos to be restored, it
would have • nicht to stipulate with Russia that those forts
should sot be spin erected. (Cheers.) That was
• stipulation which this country should take care
to elect, for it would not humiliate the feeling
nor injure the bottom of any power, however great,
but it would be a stipulation which, by renderitte
im-
perfect the military communication of Russia in
that gamut, would more than any other condi.
tios tend to masolidate the power of Turkey, sad secure
what ought t• be the reel object of the war—the posses.
aim of Constantinople by the Ottoman power. He would
sot farther pursue that theme, fur many other opportunities
would present themselves for discussing it. It was of the
greatest cassequenos that when the crude schemes of the
government were planed before the home, when the g
meat told them that pea. e could not be obtained aceordieg
to their owa primipke, it was the duty of the opposition nut
intrely to challenge such • policy, bat to direct the public
Dried to the emelderatiod of the means, the practical,
wand, and Solid memo! by which the great problem
of modern polities could alone be solved. (Hear, hem.)
fame were other MOM very tempting, to which hr
would sot allude. The Opt has. baroast the member for
Carlisle (Sir J. Grebes) bad told them that any new class
of statesmen that might arise should occupy their minds in
consideriug what should be done when the Turkish empire
should be dissolved. He (ffir. Disraeli) could not agree
with the right hon. baronet on that point. He thought
that Turkey, wh most unfairly treated—mid sever
more unfairly than during the last two years—had the
Power of moistening her position, sad if the government,
intended carrying on the war for the professed object of
securing her iedependeacer, they must do it upon different
prisciples from those which hitherto appeared to
have infieemed them. The house could only judge of
their policy, of their moue" sad of their ability to deal
with the great difficulties whisk presented themselves, from
the morns which had bona pissed ape the table—records
more barren, records that trammed upon him a more
melancholy couviction of the ineeespeimmy of our modern
statesmen than it had ever been his stidertacos to see. Toe
noble lord might rest assured that it wee sot the language
of party that he was uttering. The intektible course of
European politic' would bona all the majeetures which
mere politicians could mike, and no oplaions upon these
great subjects that could be uttered would stand the test of
time, and certainly no other would prevail than them
formed from deep study, serious meditation, and an serious
desire to attain to truth. (Cheers.) He ooald equally assure
the noble lord that though for tae moment be might
defy the words of those who eat opposite to him, though be
might be proud of a majority, God knew bow made, sea
roam for God knew what—he was pursuing a course with.
out sufficient knowledge, without ideas sufficiently clear,
without a 'moieties sufficiently &m. If there was that
wavering is the motheils of the ministry which was the
n tural consepenos of ignorance of the subject with which
they had to deal—if at the present moment, when they met
to deliberate, they had not • definite idea of the object
for whisk they wen struggling, and the means by
which they proposed to accomplish the purpose
which they had speed on in that house was
that they wished to achieve. suede, the preservation
of Constentimpie to the Ottoman Porte, the noble lord
might rest ensured that the utmost contusion and coaster•
tuition would fall ens the cabinet of which he was a
member, sad that no parliamentary power Gould sonata a
ministry dallying with great trensectioas tar which they
were act competent. If the pvernment were conducting
our foreign affairs as they had been for some time past
mediating oar home trauseetions—he spoke not only of the
erotism ministry, uninfluenced by any principle, having so
metered principle, as determined purpose, no inexhaustible
resources to support them—the future of this country would
be a future of plant too terrible for any imagination to
contemplate. (Cheers )
Lord P.

Utensil he should not be disposed to dwell up= that.
Bet it was of vital importance that the hems should
aid ms, the nature of this pest us-
aides, =deb got kin gnat= was, se fat m
he would gather from the statements of the governameat,
the seem of the war being continued. He thought there
Moe vary geed, reerope• why the war should be =s-
ting= ; histoloseeding is Ike mm stale by goversionsat,
war woe skalds sdaimest dogleg, sad to be mg= nide&
=sly, Mum* the Hessian government would am agree to
pen monitioa, =AM, totally ftrespeetive of its =policy,
. was utterly laeffiebet. Now, *oppose lassie bad a certain
men. and la; tee power of thruster bee teems. as she did
in 111118, epos the Tudrah wen at Simeon std .Bourgas ?
Why what would have happened in 1828 if them had bun
a minister at tee head of affairs who reinipetheaded what
woo at stake ? If any Beet of the Western pewees had
cr.:lathe Bosphuras le 1828, the matemieeneas of the
troops by sea would have base est off,
sad all the Beiselan army at Steepen sad Bear-
ers* must have capitulated. (Hear, hear.) The ousenand
of the ma was certainly as =manage ; bat it wee not no-
esesagy to have the oommaad of the sea M may es war
with melees. If the lend tionamenicatione bolded ea army
wage bee when it was fighting by land it would have the
isms eiventage. Frame enquired the weeM whoa we bad'
sbe alimenled of the sea Ho thought, thuds, , that the
undid= which the noble bad made the mainstay et '
ilieisawe at Vienna was utterly inefficient. (Cheers) Tin
thiggledoe that it was moat impolitebecause senses mkt
be mem =elm than to insult the enemy, with whom ilee
wished to mew into • peace, and to humiliate • power =deb
we resupleal man Important and necessary element of the
Europe system. The right hon. member for Carlisle had
viodimboll the noble lord (Russell) from some remarks
mid* be (Kr. Disraeli) made the other eight upon amp=
of
kis swiss* at Veen'. Tba rig t hoe. bares= amid OM
the noble lied Wes justified is coviderift w Mem at
Russia. Why, if mane, it was the first ~ph% oft 0.11
of dipiemesy, bet of common sense, in an the bud. use of
life, thee, making say asrangement, we had Madiossly
to avoid laminates dues with whom we had se duel, and
to make it a coasideration that their honour *Meld sea be
injured. He did ass bleats the noble lord for =keg tee
• primary element fa his negociations, but should sun
blamed the noble Med if be hate not done so. What to did
blame the noble Med for wee, making the great and annum
eary admission Mat he would consider the homer of Russia
is his armageshents and thereby giving an stems to
Ruda to avoid etimnisecing negotiations herself, and
always to answer say proposition which he made
by ellepieg that the honour of Russia was con
egraed, of which Rave would be the judge. But he
would now rerun to the important point, which was, ac-
cording to the itovernmeet, the cause of the European war
sow raging. He said, that the condition of the sable lord
was utterly inefficient. He said that it was wet Impolitic,
most butailistiog, sad necess rily humiliating to Russia.
The noble lord referred epos that occasion to a precedent
whisk bad already been noticed in debate; and he
(Kr. Disraeli) would only notice it now, because
it was of the utmost importance that the
should have more clear ideas upon this subject
then unfortunately, from the suppression of discuselon
epos it until lusty, the house did at present entertain.
The noble lord bar wished to regulate the whole coeds*
of dm neguiations by the treaty of Utrecht. The proposi-
tion for the limitation proceeded from the noble lord.
Lord J. RUSSELL—In pommies of instructions from
the mastgovern
Mr. DISRMILI—From a government of which the
noble lord was a member. Towards the sad of last
seesioa, when he ventured to make some remelt on the
noble lord's fatal speech about the dismantling of Sebes
copal, the noble lord asked him in a reproaehful
thee if be did not remember the ease of Das-
kirk ; that it appeared that even in July, long before
he had any idea of being a Plenipotentiary, the noble lord
was full of the instance of Dunkirk, which was to be hi 4
precedent for the dismantle/ of Sebastopol. (Hear, hear.)
The dismantling was not heisted on because this *three
of the war disappointed the sanguine 'spectates. of the
noble lord, but the proposition took the shape of the
limitation of the Russian fleet. The proposition for the
sentrelising the Black Sea proceeded from K. Munn de
Lions, bet the Dunkirk proposition was entirely that of
the aphis lord. Did the noble lord forget the very consider-
able difference betimes that cue and tie present ? Br the
lird 'indite( the treaty of Utrecht the harbour of Dodd=
was to be filled up and its fortificitions destroyed, but.
it was also awls • *edition that the King of Fresco should
have se equivalent; that equivalent was no slight one ; be
demanded the two great fortresses of Lille sad Tourahm,
sad Lille was yielded to him. Though the king was pros-
trate is fortune, and the rumor= of the Italian exhausted,
be sever submitted to such terms as the noble lord offered
to Russia, for in this came there was no suggestioe of an
equivaleut He would also wish to call the attention of
the Bobo lord and of the hoses to the fart whether that con-
elision was a suomeshil sae. He would quote the language of
a political opponent to show how inefficient the cendilion
CI, and how it was evaded. He would only reed four
P.rd.—" In order to evade the stipulations of the Wiry
with England, which compelled Louis to fill up the =deur
of Denkirk, he commenced a canal at Idiredm and pro.
seeded with the work in spite of all rentatistreaces "
Within a leggin of Daokirk he commenced to create his
other Sebastopol, in spite of sll the remonstrances of the
allies. The authority frem which he had quoted was the
v History of England since the Treaty of Utrecht," by
Lod Jobs Russell. (Hear, ben.) The noble lord,
She. • diatingaisbed statesman, and unfortunately au
unsemeesful negotiator, was also • man of lettere, and would,
be wee sure, excuse him for quoting his ow- words. That
terpsimaiallksa lel which the noble lord offered to Prince
e
,in vitalisation of his proposition ; be referred
lints Ms instance of Louis XIV. se an authority for the
=to limit the Hussite fleet. But what was the
France and Louis when he sigma that treaty ?
at Tie Immo of Utrecht was only wrung from Louis when
*samba was utterly exhausted by the expiates of a =M-
em war—when his recruits were undue= to the
hastier in chains, like malefactors—when Luis had to
dread the presence of an enemy in his very capital, or be
reduced to the cruel alternative of dethroning his grandson
by his own arms." That was the noble lord's deocripties of
the state of France when Louis consented to dismantle
Dunkirk. The illustration of the noble lord had two groat
merits; in the first place, it humiliated Russia by icepliedly
stating that the sovereign of Russia was in the forlorn
and miserable condition which the noble lord had described
is such picturesque language ; and it had • mooed merit,
that the noble lord proposed to Rasta, as •
condition of peace, one that they might learn
from his own history could be instaatly and see-
austelly evaded. He next came to consider the question
of preponderance, it would be well for the home to refloat
on this point. The noble lord and his colleagues appeared
inclined to consider this question of preponderance as if it
was something new in polities, something recently intro-
deo= in political experience, the solution of which could
hardly be counted on from want of experience in matters of
this bed. After all, what wog this preponderenel of a
great power over a week state, to which it was
contiguous, and in the independence of which week
state the other powers of Europe were interested.
The history of modern Europe was eM history of
attempts to check and control the prepoadereace of the
great power.. They had heard that evening an alarmist!,
harangue from one of the law officers on the designs of
Russia. His description would mike any man tremble,
but he (Mr. Disraeli) did not suppose that Russia had say
otherdesigns than those common to the other great pewee.
Had warren*" had designs on the Low Countries? That
was a qatistioa of the preponderance of • great empire over
e mail country, in the neutrality and =nevoid's., of
which Europe was interested. Were net the deeps of
France es well matured and as rigorously serried ea se
those of Rank ? They were carried on by iadivideals ef
great genius, of groat ability, and great energy.
Ciodiaal Richelieu first cocatimd the design of
absorbing the Netherlands. Louis the Fourteenth invaded
aad the great Napoleon cooqverid them. The Nethuleada
were still independent, and the preponderance which France
bad exercised fir a mature and • half over the country,
which was one of the battle fields of Europe, had been
boffied. There never was a period when Belgium was more
tamely atteched to the political system than at present.
(Hest) That shows that there were mesas by which the
prepoaderanco of • great power can be belle, and it is by
those meths that the preponderant), of Raisins should be
soutseted. Did the project of the government afraid
that mesas? What was the present pcdtion of Belgium?
How had the Mega. of France been carried on few near two
outer= by man as emerge= in temper and as fertile
is rummies es any of the sovereigns of RUMS ? How had
OM ii dependenes sad Integrity of Belgium bees preened ?
She was new a neutral state, and the united will of Europe
had getable= sad preserved that neutrality. He did am
find that the adds lord or his collugues bed at any time
suggested that the neutrality of the Principalities shoule be
established. Let them take the case of Switserland—that
was seethe, et the baulodelds threatened by the prepon-
derance of the greet powers of Franco and Awns
The congress of Valikal established the nifstrality
of Switurlead, as the conferences of London ratio
dished the asistraliti of Belgium. He complained
that in the negotiant= thus was me evidence of
any remorse being bad to three 'methods mesas
by which stateemes of great ability and unquestionable re-
pined= had attempted to solve difficulties similar to the
with which the noble lord and his eolkagues had codes]. He
wee sawillieg to weary the house after such G protracted de-
bate, hut it was important that their &Vendee should be
eallsd to this poist. He did not ask them to pass &vote in
tamer Math neutrality of the Principalities, but only_ to ea
Wrists the gaieties. What would be the effect in Turkey
it the Principalities were declared wend ? The frontier
of Turkey on the Duette, which was her most exposed poet.
floe, would be reduced immensely. Any one looker; to the
map would see it would be reduced to the short &static..
between Real, where the Danube leaves the Principalities,
sad the Ma. Suppose Russia invaded Turkey ender three
eireemetanose they would first have to pass • bread end
rapid river, sad then eater the fell sad pestiferous steppe.
of the Dobrudseha, and with the fortresses of Scheele sail
Varna on the right, and the great fortress of &list= hi
the rear, Balla& Could ran upset to overcome mush •b•
stades. He wished that in considering the mode of Maid=
the Remiss preposideranes over Turkey, they meld, is
stead of adoptieg the made scheme of the government,
curs ads attest= to the miaow is vides the gror
statesmen who had preceded them bad me•
thew dillealtios, sad found Masai of solution
If they mould sot have satural barriers, the nolik
lord wield acts rimy that •utile= harriers saeht
be erected. The noble lord knew that at the treaty
• View sad at the treaty of Paris we Guttered
tete ssipslatisas by virtu of whisk ertifisial barriers were

-The right hoolgestletsaa has ad._

anted to the auto', which he made before the late brief
recess, and stated, in the first place, that it was far from
being his intention to imply that if carried he wished the
government to abandon their petition ; and be mentioned •
similar cue of Lord Londonderry, in which that noble-
man did not resign. If we are to judge of the accuracy of
the right hon. gentleman's information on these great sub-
jects tip the sornetneas of his memory on the point I have
mistimed. lam not much disposed to adopt his cowls
aims, for if the right hon. gentleman will refresh his
memory by reference to the records of the trans-
actions to which be has alluded, he will find
that the house upon that question came to
ao division, sad Lord Londonderry retained office cut of
defames to the feeling of the country. But I must own
that the observations of the right boa. gentleman, and the
Middens which has fallen from him, contrast somewhat
strangely with the language he held before the late remiss
(Hear.) What was the grenades which he proposed the
pin _lntim on which the house came to a decision ? He said,
" I call sum the house to interpoes,bseanse I am convinced
that if the government is allowed to go to this proposed ten
days' ream without check, they will during that time con-
clude a disgraceful and ignominious peace." (Hear.) With
the papers before him he made that charge upon ,the
government. What has he told us tonight ? Hs has told
us that the government has insisted upon terms too hard
to be imposed upon Read& (Hear, hear.) The whole of his
speech has amounted to this, that we were demanding some
limitstion of her fleet which in honour she could not agree
to. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the amendments which
we are called upon to disease, I confess that, though the
right hon. gentlemen has repudiated my agreement with
him, and seems to be uneasy when we happened to concur
in opinion, I, though perhaps not for exactly the same
reasons, einem with him in the resolution to which be
has come. I stated Dome time ago that I had no objection
to It on the first blush of the thing, bat that I bad
a great objection to the last part of the amendment,
and for the reasons which the right hen. gentleman Jamul(
has gives. lie says he has reconsidered his reasons, and
thought now, apes a fall consideration, that there wee no
imagism of the prerogative of the Crown in 'tussahs, an
opinion ao to the terms on which pease was made or war
was continued. I will not put it upon that abstract prin-
ciple, bat I my that it is highly inexpedient for this house
to take into its bands negotiations with foreign powers, to
.taw on the use hand what are to be the terms of
peace, or, on the other, what proposals ought to
be rejected. Any expression of foiling on the
part of this hones cannot fall to be embarrassing
to those wise are cionduting the negotiations, sad injurious
to the intereits of the country. If that remark is appli-
cable to • war in which we are singly engaged, it is infi-
nitely mon dangerous when we are engaged is comer%
with alike with whom, step by step, and at every step, we
mast consult apes terms to be accepted or refused—(chiers)
—with woe, we mast agree la every step taken in the Ingo-
sluice. It is evident, therefore, that for this bum
to lay down an opinion as to the adoption or
rejection of terms of pease and war is mash
to be deprecated, is highly Injurious and embarrassing.
If the right boa. gentleman does not take offence at my
agreeing with him—(laughter)—l think there is semuch
face in the argument that the two amendments are so linked
together, that any objection that applies to the last applies
quail, to the first. (Hear, hear.) 8o far, therefore, from
not moceptiag that cautious bridge which the right h n.
gentleman says has bees constructed by my right hon
friend, so far from expressing an opinion averse to his
&mesdames, I sat prepared to vote for It, and the beet
Wag I think the house could do is to take that
ameadmiat with part of the amendment of the hon. gentle-
men sad snow that to be the distinet question before it.
(Hear, beer.) I hope the hon. and learned member will
.now his anseadment to be cleared away—(l.-nghter)—so
that the home may lose to a vote on the amendment of my
right bon. friend. With regard to the souse of the debate,
nee
eirmunstamm impended itself verymach on my

Naiad. we Mw hest debating thii most impor-
tant natters, iantivieg Satinets of the deepest ma-
ture, sad the debate has is Enteral bent coadiseted
with salinseee sad temper, led that deep oeusideratioa so
the gravity of the subject. The only eleep-
tioe to that rain has been evinced by the adveriates of pi see
(" Heat, hear," sad laighter.) Those gentlemen bed
pesos ia their boasts, but they had war is their .oaths.
(Cheers.) They showed so wash hest, sad penien, mad
etoleare—their speeches were delivered fa • maser
hat showed how "ogre passions were atruggliag fer
easetery width' thea—(olieers)--aad to judge from tines
..peeehes, the meaner, the subsume, sad the lawman of
ram, say Gas would say they were .soh fitter to be •
"arty for war at all bawds thee • party for pease
it icy pries. (Cheers.) Bat their ergannets were
not sui• as are likely to have .ash !slaws
ia the debate. They have bees eittaplinetted for their
...nee la steadien forward ea tbeettaaspioas of their par-
ticular opiates'. Bet I eves doubt if they deemed
that sanglimenet, for the danger of their opinions has

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:461
the consent of his right hon. friends below le 91
delivered them.. The has. member for the West Riding airs neighbour was encoaeiog his capitel. (Rear
&gunmen theta:
the
ispereetlieswar.
Tlmspresewasgoadeden
ampartibliese opinion into invarito
ewes WM% the hieratic/a fact. (Hear, hear.) So far from Mule, the consent eft the French government .anliqrfea
the preen goading the public heiliag into en arti probation of Austria,. as well as the concurrence of
inhibited their deliberate °plebs sad mai/dim; they as • fulfilment of those points by which the Ind agreed ass
muted so stimulant or excitement • they acre 1 her preponderance in the Black Sea should Cease. re"
two other methods, both of which wa
from their east instinct and Melilla-thee; manly feelings hear) That that preptederance might have been tits
which, Is spite of the peace party, I hope will animate the cease by other moms was quite maquestiocable;
people of England. (Hear.) But it is somewhat entrain- did not make it, in the strict sense of the word, a stry-',
publie opinion went with them, should sow reproach and deft; and Me having nothing else to 100 p... r-trie Lam&
taunt the members of this house with being untrue soon naturally mine to an end. That beta. erbrke•
organs of public opinion. (Hear, hear.) After having built the question was what the home was ;, naelsee.
their own fame on being the organs of public opinion the present state of things. (Hear, hear.) Tea -KZ
and the national will, it is strange that they should now hoe. gentlemen (Mr. Disraeli) had given the lensai°-"._
endeavor to make it a reproach to this bolos and to the opportunity before the recces of determining eerie, Le
government that they were following the national feeling conduct of the war should be left in the hand in nenn•
on this great question. (Hear, hear.) At this late hour I now was. or transferred to the hands of those who
will not follow them is their many fallacrustear.id(threaaTtrwieshebpaorlD.). onmpospgriiitestiotofTtrlhooye
.thheo(Cultsehneesetnhiao.): a
„mod
time
They
miTheemirbearpefoserhthese
viaboeustndßeiddiaing.falllattes.neve,
down nee •
mood to limit the foroe of Rustic in the Black Sea to satiated the poverement would have am.
4 sail of the line and 4 frigates, but that Russia, by certain message from the Crown, and bans proposed an a
contrivanees, could make her fleet in the Black Siut greater pledging the house to support her Majesty in a „Tareg
°thins@ srtrtlntho.;"fithertbelitlPeePoeowipielne.iowonibnuth
poniinds
than it was before. Well, if that be so, why did not Russia prosecution of the war. That was nanecnisty,
wept our proposal j (Hug) The iton, gentleman said Dermal bad done that himself. That which reasiaar
that Russia did not accept it, because it would have been his resolution, coupled with the letroducteny
inconsistent with bar hoses,. It is, therefore, for her honour posed by Sir F. Baring, would form precisely the rerr:Pr,,__
sad glory that Russia is maintaining this war, but the which the government had it taken the iiiitiativernnaia-,'",
hon. gentleman hes told us over and over again that honour proposed to the house. Neat week, when they were able`.
and glory are not things ter which a nation should fight- lay on the table the remaining portions of the oegati:t7
that we should fight only for other Meer coesideratione the government would have broadly asked the esets
which I will not further advert to. (Laughter.) I hie on. to agree to such a resolution. He had egrann-"
gentleman, however, said that be would fight-(laug)- this motion were swept away, to propose an
r"m
but that if the enemy were to come to Portainnuth-lot to of the opinion of parliament on this state of things,at:
the Isle of Wight-(laughter)-hat to Portsmouth, the remaining papers were produced. The house hod A:
he would—go into an hospital. (Loud laughter.) termined to go on with the debate. B.,iugr no. am;
But many -stems in this country-let not the hon. gentle- come toe division, it was childish to ask them to wither, -
men deceive themselves upon it-think that that party the resolution,. which the right hon. grey, en my
ought to go into hospital indeed, bat an hospital of a very afraid of meeting. He was perfectly content to tekellild,s
Itsdifferen kind- (much laughter and chseriog)-an hospital rinse of the house upon that assurance of support orka the
which all not mention, but which everybody g hon. gentleman, very much to his crd prOD,4-"
stands. (Laughter.) Those gentlemen whom* se ansious that the house should express. Such an uterine. gonica
to make poses on their own terms say, what madness doubly va!uable to the government lollooiog, as it did ts,-
is It to go to war with a nation numbering large majority on the last division, by which it ary;l,..--
60 millions of inbabitaats. But, do they not know that the that they wale the government to whom that Puppet, n:
population of Englaad and France also numbers &brut 60 to be given. (Cheers.) But they were eked to try or;
mil:ions, and that they have the further advantage of con- were the objects of the war. Everybody knew pretty wen
cen ration, and all the arts and appliances which what were the objects of the war. he w.r was sec •
civilisation and science cangive, in additios to to repress the egressions of Russia noon 'furkey,-ea
the national feelings which belong to nations in the not say to defend Constantin. lee, for that ese.--;
condition of England and Fiasco, but which never narrow and limited view of the matter; if Tv6.
'an be wetted by the unhappy serfs of the had nothing left but Constantinople it would MC?,
with one km
sovereign with whom they are contending? (Cheers.) The worth many. years' purchase ; bat it wee t defend us
hen. member for Maacheeter, in a speech of undoubted Turkish empire from being swallowed up by Russ a• it maw
' talent, has been pleased to find fault with me for treating, for that that England and Fiance were lighting. Theriai
es be ear, grave subjects with unbecoming levity. (Hear, be -is blandly and c•villy told by the &era govefinein
hear) am not conscious of deferving that reproach; that Turkey must fall, that the mac was sick, that ken
f but the house will not accuse Min on that heed- deathbed was approaching, that there was an meet, ra
(laughter)-for certainly his jokes had not much levity in be divided. and that if Egypt and Candies would suit as, them. (Laughter.) I heard with regret the change of might wink at the partition of the reft by other •
st
opinion which has taken place in the minds of the right hon. (Hear, hear.) The intention of Russia to poet*
geotomen who lately left the government, becaus , as will Turkey was manifest as the sun at noonday;
it may la
I and properly acknowledged by them, they were not only prevent that that the war had been ondertilas,
parties to the war, and to the terms giblet should in general (Cheers.) And lot no man imagine, if Torrey eie
be proposed as the terms of pose*, but they were distinctly in the possession of Russia, it that gigantic
r parolee to the insisting upon that arranger condition of tbe were to stride over Europe like • wheelie
limitation of the naval forms of Russia in the Black Sea upon the Baltic and the other in the liderhurraneao, tilt
(Hear. hear.) There was one condition which they slips- the great interests of this country would not be imperifitg,
r hood ihould not be made, but it is not the limitation of the Nor let the " peace-at any-price " party •magine that trair
naval forces of Russia to the Block Sec Rear" from Sir ictereste would not suffer. Meer ) leotesd of their,
I J. Graham.) To that condition, therefore, they must be being as they now were-40,0e0 bales of cotton raise
t supposed to have selected. But I will not 'allude further weekly manufactured at kisochester in the place of 30,006
to that subject. I think it is hardly necessary at this time -all that lucrative trade up the Hulk &&&&&& nto the east
of day, and at this period of the debate, to urge the reliant would be subjected to heavy incumbrances, it it slid cost
why it is right, and necessary, and just, that England and actually disappear. The noble lord concluded byadjsrisg
France should draw the sword in defence of Turkey. It is the house not tom this a cotelict of ponies, sat t t spew
ant necessary for me to follow in detail all the extensions themselves true representatives of the nivional fen*
Dy
I of territory which has marked the advance of Russia for a giving their support to a vigorous prosecution of the wee
long time. It would be easy for me to follow her from (Cheers.)
I the E totem shores of Asia through Central Asia, Sir J. GRAHAM wished to explain that he and henget
through the Caspian Sea, through Armenia, Poland, hon. friends near him, though they were parte' to the Sr.
I and the Danube, and then through the extreme rangement of the proposition to be made to Russia, dead
confines of Norway and the Arctic Sea-it would be easy for insist upon it as ultimatum or sine 9.6,1 non.
rme to show that in her treaties she never took any natural Mr. LOWE rose to speak &mime loud cries of "
boundary as the limit of her territory, but some artificial and " spoke."
',panties, which would give her the pretence or the ono- The CHAIRMAN told him that he had the oppeetsatty
casioa of farther aggression. (Hear, hear.) When such of addressing the twine when he moved his madam
has been the policy punned by Resets, and when and could not du so now.
we find the present Emperor of Russia declating The qui stion was then put, and preparatioos were ends
that his mission was to carry into effect the for a division.
system pursued by Peter and Catherine, and Alexander and Sir W. HEATHCOTE'S &mordant was negatived.
Nicholas, we tilt that the time was come for defending the Mr. PH IL ul MOUE withdrew his amendment.
independents, of Turkey and of Europe from such aggro- Mr LOWE withorew his amendment,
anion. (Hoar, hear.) War, therefore, was declared, and The question was put on the amendment of Fit?;
Austria having expreeed her desire to bring that war to a SARIN& upon which
termination by amicable meant the treaty of December was Mr. WALPOLE said that although the wording aide
concluded, the purport of which wee, that if peace was not amendment was not satisfactory, he would nor damage the
smart d by • certain time on the basis of the four points, appearance of unanimity on the subject of the wee by offer-
Autris would-not take the field-but enter into concert log it any opposition.
with England and Fromm for devising means to carry Mr. GLADS I ONE, although disapproving of the tens
Mt the objet of the alike, that object being of the amendment, would sot to :e any opposition, sale
es secure the independence of Turkey. (Hear, hear.) thought it the duty of the beefs to offer her Majesty their
Ragland and France would therefore have been blameable best support in tie prosecution of the ear.
II they had not entered into these negotiations; bat had The motion before the house (Sir F. T. &nog's) me
the operations of the war in the meantime been suspended ? then usenimously agreed to.
Oa the contrary, they bad been carried on with the utmost The other orders of the day were then disposed of, sad
!tem during the conferences. (Hear, bear.) The right the house adjourned at half past 2 o'clock.
hoe. gentleman bad made several suggestions, some of
which were no doubt well deserving of consideration. He
wished, for instance, to have the Principalities declared to
be neutral. He (the nobl- lord) was not disposed, however,
M attach any great practical impoetance to that proposition.
In the first place, when • quarrel had arisen, and when it
became desirable for the Belli t powers to possess the
sestral territory, that neutrality had
=sly respected. Besides, were the Principalitiee, if de-
neutral, to be continued a p nion of the Ottoman
empire ? If they wore not, then they would mos share
the fate of Poland; if they were not, then the moment hos-
tilities broke oat, Russia would cease to respect tneir neu-
trality, for war dissolved all treaties. (Hear, hear.) But
the interests of the Principalities had not been neglected. It
had been proposed to put them under the protection of the
Five Powers, and to establish a system of internal defence. 1
A force would have been established which, if not at once
sufficient to resist a Russian invasion, would have supplied
the foundation of • national defeats,. (Hear, hear.) He
(the noble lord) entirely differed from the right hon. gen-
tleman in thinking that the Hack Sea was be side on
which Turkey was the least vulnerable. (Cheers.) On the
contrary, he believed that it was on that tide that
Russia could strike ha most quickly, and to the
heart. (Hear, hear.) They all kuew that the Turkish
army at tee commencement of the present war had kept the
Russian forms on the Danube at bey for twelve months; sad
on a previous occasion, when the invasion wee made by a
larger army and under more favourable circumetances, it
bad taken the Rename two yeas to get to Aurienople. On
the Asiatic side it was true that Russia had prepared a
great fortress at • place called Gwen, a place which jutted
into the Turkish territory, ante which was of no value, ex-
cept for purposes of aggression. No doubt that by means of
that fortress, an connection with Tiflis, she would be able to
invade Turkey on the Asiatic side. Bet the muck to Brows&
was long, and the Russian force would have to encounter
the Asiatic Turks, who were the most warlike of the Otto-
ems race. No .oubt that there might be danger on this
side, wi oh ought to be provided against, but still the
operation contemplated wee me that would require time.
But how stood the case with reference to the Black Sea ?
Why Constantinople was within 48 hours from Sebastopol.
Tbe right bon. gentleman said that no groat fora could he
despatched against that city, but an army might be col-
lected at Sebastopol, and might in a very short time be seat
thither. The right hon. gentleman proposed to fortify the
Bosphorus, but there were placesnot for north of the city
where a large form might easily be put on shore.
Why what had we done ourselves ? Since the
lot of May we had landed 103,000 men and 14,000 hones
in the Crimea; and in the worse of ten days we had car-
ried 40,000 Turks from Varna to Eupatoria. (Hear, hear,)
There had been two propositions with respect to the safety
el Constantinople-the open straits, and the closed straits.
Now, the former of them had bees entirely given up by
every hon. gentleman who bad addressedtbe house, with
the exception of the hon. member for tbe West Riding. As
• matter of fact, the straits were closed, and had always
been closed by the inherent right of sovereignty which every
state possessed over its own waters. And this was no new
thi g. It was an anmant law of the Turkish empire that
the straits should be closed ; though we were the first in
1809 who entered into • treaty to respect it. Now,
supposing the straits were open, the Hessian
fleet of eighteen or twenty ships of tke line
might any day appler off the Seraglio ; an I there could
be no doubt that whatever demands might be made that
' were supported by a demonstration of that kind, they
would be grantee before night. But it was said that the
Turks might send for the Rhein' and French fints.
But where would they find them? (Hear, hear.) The
• attempt might be made at a time when-as Inept ned once
-we bad only two ships of the lino in the Mediterranean,
if he did not exaggerate the number-(laughter)-when
we had only one at Spithead, and that it was intended to
lend to America. Why, long before we could equip • fleet
the whole thing would On over. le the Straits were dosed,
precisely the same thing might mese ; and the only method
therefore by which they could secure Constantinople from
the danger of sudden attack would be to limit the Russian
force in the Black Sa. (Caen.) It should be remem-
bered that Ragland and Francs would have a right to keep
as many ships in the Eosins as Russia; and the Turkish
fleet might also be equal I. form, independently of any
number et ships the Sultan might choose to have in the
Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmon. (Hear, hear.) He
(the noble lord) thoseht, therefore, that these terms might
have bees accepted by Russia without loss of dignity; and
that at the same time they would have sufficiently provided
for the whey of Constantinople. But it was said that
under the Ramis& proposition, if Turkey should feel
herself meowed she would be at liberty to call
in her alba. But the lemma that the Russian proposal
wed that Turkey should be at liberty to call in any foreign 1
fleet ; and therefore that coadifies would have enabled any
Remiss minister in Turkey, by means which it would be
' assecenery to describe, bat which would be perfectly
well understood, to prevail upon the Turkish minis-
ter to all in a Russian tint under pretence
of some dossier which did not really exist. (Hear, bear.)'
It wee said again that the Turks under the old treaties were
obliged to keep the straits that except in ease of actual war.l
But it was nonsense to suppose that a sovereign who saw •
danger threatening him could be prevented from asking the
aid of his allies. It wee no longer a state of poem

The meetings of literary and ecitntific societies for
the ensuing week are u follow : —Monday : Geogrsphiad,
81—" Journey to Hunter and the Somali Coast, East=
Africa," by Lieut. Burton.—" On the Meteoric Iron CI
A•SCIIMII, and the Coal Formation of Conception, in Chili,"
by Mr. Bollaert.—" Exploration of the Desert of Ataeame4
by Dr. Phtlipi.—" Observations on the Province of Tim.
pica, South Pere," by Don Fuente.—" Observations on the
Geopraphy of Peru, by Don Led, sma.—Tarsday: Spa
Egyptian, 71.—" On the Origin of the Cuneiform Ch.
rector,' by Mr. Abington.—" Critic al Exantiostioa of the
Original H-brew Text referring to the Biotin.," by Dr.
Benisch.—" The Natron Monasteries in Eqpt," by Er.
Wraahall. Indetc.l, 9.—Scientific. Wednesday: Boyd
Society of Literature, 4}. Socety of Arts, 8. Oener 1 Meet-
ing. Geol &cal, B.—" On Resnais of Dicynodoa host
South Attics," and "On a Fossil Sirenoid Mammal frog
Jamaica," by Prof. Owen.—" On the Br iwu Cloy Forma.
tion of Germany," by Prof. Beyriek.—" 01 the Sadao!
the Metamorphic and Devonian R icks at the Eutera
End of the Grampians," by Prof. Nicol.—" Oa the Ocur•
renal of Fossil and Driftwood in the Arctic Regions," by
Sir R. I. Murchison.—" Oa the lisieed Beaches of Lock
Gilphead," by Commander E. J. Bedford.—" Od Su&
worn Granite," by Mr. Fox.—" On the Red Sail of Indio,"
by Dr. Oilchrist.—" On the Oairet and other Coal fields of
Central India," by the Rev. Masers. Hislop and Susie.
—"Notes on the Earthquakes at Brass., by M. Conn!
Sandia's. B • • h Archeological, 81.—“00 Canterbury la
the Olden Time," by Mr. Brent.—'• On Egyptian Glue,"
by Mr. Pettigrew.—" On Holy Trinity Church, Aylesford,"
by Mr. P. ea ty. Thursday: Society of Antiquaries, 8. Boyd,
81. Friday : Royal Institution, 131 —" Ou the unite d
the Excavation in Assyria and Babylonia," by Cu!. Rawls-
' sem. Saturday: Asiatic, 2.
There is now to be seen in the Museum of CEcom•
esie Geology is Jermyn.street a part of the trunk d
Willow tree lately felled in Battersea Fields, in the entre
of which was found an aerolite, or ma teorto stone, of viol
large size, which seems to have fallen on the tree way
years ago and to have embedded itself in its substages
" It is a prodigious curiosity (says the Gardener's Chroi•
de) andwellworth examination."

The Working Men's CoPege, Cambridge, is now
fairly established. The number of students already sa•
rolled on the hocks amounts to 112. The tn et ',mkt
subjects are English Grammar, mathematics, Latin, French;
drawing, and vocal music; and the list of names include,
persons aimed in almost eveiy occupation. It is is.
tended, by.eed-by, to establish an adult school in coin
nezion with the College. A working m.n, wri log to the
Cambridge Independent, says :—" I entertain a confident
hope and aspects ion that this College will prove a red
blessing to the town and neig, bourhood. I w old sly, in
the language accustomed to be used every day at college,
Flareat Dolma—God bless the Working Me. 's College."
The Glasgow Daily Mail gleans from exteemin
inquiries that there is every reason to eao ct a full nem,
stack of grouse this season, and certainly above that of 18.54.
At s meeting, yesterday, of the ladies patroeenee
of the Caledonian ball, it was stated that Lady Agars Del
had undertaken the formatioa and direction of a feacy set,
to be en• itled " Ths English and French Quadrille." Lady
Anne Mackenzie will, as usual, lead a Hignland quadrille.
The Herald states that intelligence has arrived by
telegraph of the death of Rcar-Admiral Boxer, at Belsklays.
He is mid to have died from cholera. Captain Ricbsrder
one of the Lnds of the Admiralty, now becomes rear•sdmitill
of the blue, and relinquished a good service pension.
The following is the resolution adopted by the
House of Commons last evening :—" That this house, having
seen with regret that the Confrrenc s of Vienna have net
led to a terminatina of hostilities, feels it a duty to declare,
that it will continue to give every support to bar Majesty
in the prosecution of the war, until her Msjeety shall, is
conjunction with her Attie., obtain for this country a sale
and honourable peace."
Mies Cuehmar is at present on a visit at Roee-mill
Hall, Ostescre, near Liverpool. This eminent nuns
shortly returns to the Haymarket fora we, k.
The forthcoming masonic ball at Oxford proteins
to be a successful entertainment. The enact:6llor, Vier
Chaatiedor, Proctors, the University, County, and CBI
umbers, are invited and expected to attend.

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