The Express.
London, England, 1855-05-12 00:00:00

THE ARMY BEFORE SEBASTOPOL.

army
MR. ROEBUCK'S ROEBUCK'S COMMITTEE.
het had seen, his
Lord sg, roger the Commander-in-Chief of the
statedsecretary, that t was
hs
hiCeismirdneririplie'rliadwalzhesamill"ocee"lowfastheb.ltirdnitnem'Aftl:::llad etnishumdelpseeurabrywittimnignethaeammmiliitalahr: as
Hester-Oeneral of the Ordnance had complete power either
to tonne in or to reverse any decision of the Board of
Ordinate& So that while the Master-General of tbe Ord-
name we at the board, no difference of opinion in the
board itself could produce way injury to the public service.
The Lieutenant-General of we Ordoance, who was ap-
pointed in the absence of the Muter-Oeneral, tad
not this superior authority. When he, Lord Harding.,
first same into aloe ea Maeter-Oeneral of the Ordnance, in
1852, he made a= Ts= into the state of the artillery,
with a view to , and be found that the num-
ber of gam ready Ifer the islets or what might be called
field bentertes, amounted to some 40 to 50-the remnants,
is fast, oldie battle of Waterloo; and that in Ireland and
elsewhere there were about 60 pieces of field ertillerT•
Upon this be addressed a memorandum to Lord Derby s
goveromeat-the government of the day that 300 gone
and ammunition waggons should be aapplbet I; and this sug-
gestion was serried out by the governing's; that succeeded
Lord Derby's ' • and at this moment we had in the Crimes
guns and field batteries, horsed and manned, , and in perfect
order, which would not have been the ewe if the establish-
meat had been left as be found it. He did no, t think that
I there was • deficiency of shells in the Ordain( e "PPE",
bseensts, knowing when the war broke out that the navy
would require an immense quantity of military sh ~,,, large
preparations were made; and when the fleets wen t out to
the Baltic and Black Bea, • sufficieut supply both of naval
and military ammunition was found them. Her believed
that no iostaace had ever occurred where so large a`• demand
was made on the department, both on account of art ny and
navy, and he was bond, in favour of the departnieer; to say
that the Ordnance in this particular was the adeniran Oa Of
the service. The gunaen were admirably trained and
drilled, their horses were excellent, and the artillery alto-
gether was the admiration of the French army. The a Ulf-
tary arrangements for sending out the siege train, sad guns,
and artillety, were reported to him as admirable. trivia-
levities uto form might have arisen in the working of the
Board of Ordnance when the war broke out, from their
having to attend frequently on the Duke of Newcastle ; and
if a thing was decided to be done, it was straightway dealt •
with, ana subsequently a memorandum might be reseeded
,of it in due form. If a case arose in which
the Board of Ordnance opposed the views of
the Master. General, the latter had power, under his patent,
le panes his own view, though he thought, if he was a
prudent man, he would net. He believed the whole army
in the Crimea were by this time supplied with the Milne
rifle; but it consisted of two calibres-one the Paiute rift, of
1851, and the other the improved rifle of 1863. The Duke
of Newcastle made a purchase of 20,000, and subsequently
of 20,000 more, from the United States and Birmingham.
When the expedition went out to the Crimea the troops
continued to receive both the Maid and the smooth bore,
and the latter, together with the old muskets, when the
Millie+ arrived, were turned over to the Turks. About
4,000 of the Minie rifle of 1863 went out monthly, so that
now, no doubt, the whole army, even to the last regiment,
was supplied with them.
The Chairman-Is it true that the Guards had the old
musket ?
Lord liardinge-Certainly ; because when they went out
we had not the supplies of the Minie rifle of 1853; but on
arriving at Belaklave they were properly distributed.
When he was Master-General of the Ordaauce, he thought
the guns for the batteries weee too small and insufficient for
modern practice. This country had for many years been
expending considerable sums of money in substituting
larger guns in the fortresses abroad in lien of the old guns,
and this was going on annually ; and he was nut surprised to
find that there was a deficiency, because the new
system, involving the abolition of the old battery, which
was too small, naturally caused a very heavy demand to be
made in the larger description of guns. This substitution
could net be carried out in one year, hot was a work of
time. The artillery force of the country was increased at
the same time, as well as that of the sappers and miners of
late years ; and, as regarded military stores, be should say
that the country was better supplied with them on the
breaking out of the war than for thirty years before. He
expected, in the course of a few months, that they would be
sufficiently supplied with the new pattern Mimi to meet
all the requirements of the country. The Duke of Welling-
ton made up his mind, and in this he (Lord Hordttle) cor-
dially concurred, that the whole army should be supplied with
the Minie, and the Russians now retired more rapidly when
they beard they were about to meet a force with the Minie
than with the smooth bore. The Mini& pattern of 1853 was
the best,but he (Lord Hardtop) was of opinion that they were
in a state of transition as regarded firearms, and that other
and new elements and principles might present themselves.
He had seen a rifle lately, invented by a Mr. Prince, that
possessed greater powers of rapidity and ease. The wont,
of the army were so great at the time that he thought the
Duke of Newcutle was prrfactly justified in opening up a
contract at Liege, although it might be discouraging to Bir-
mingham, so as to prevent the fulfilment of any contract
with the Russians in the same market-the diplomatic
object of the duke being twofold, that of farnishi,g rifles
for our own army, and preventing them from being made
for the Russians. The duke consulted him (Lord Herdioge)
on the subject, and he thought it was a prudent mea-
' sure. The conclusion be came to as regarded the
'administration of the Ordnance department, was that than
, ought to be at the head of it a man of first-no ability,
always at his post, and that it might be of disservice to the
' public if he were rot. When he (Lord HarCiogt) and the
Duke of Wellington administered the Creosote department,
according to the report of parliament at that period, it was
looked on as the model department of the government. It
was his (Lord Hardinge'e) opinion that au increase of
sappers and miners in the army was preferable to that of
civilians, because the uppers and miners could work as well
as fight. At the present moment he looked with some de-
gree of anxiety to the employment of civilians in the army
in the Crimes, where the Grenadier Guard, • fine
military fellow, was receiving only 6d. a-day and
sleeping in the trenches, and • navels, or an Arme-
nian scavenger about the camp, was receiving 21. 6d.
He did not attach any great degree of importance
to the placing an artillery officer on the Ordnance Board.
Disadvantages might arise from it, as artillery matters did
notoome before the board so much as financial. Lord Har-
dtop then went on to define his functions as commander-in-
chief, with reference to the general discipline of the army,
its appointments and promotions, at home and in the
colonies. In the exercise of these po eers, when govern-
ment determined on sending oat the expedition to the East,
be art:toasted Lord Raglan to be commander of the forces,
under the control of the government of the country. His
power as commander-in-chisf was also exercised in the
case of apprehended civil disturbance, like the occasion of
the chartists. If the Duke of Newcastle had stated
I that the relations between himself and the Commander-in-
Chief at the Horse Guards were unsatisfactory, inconvenient,
and vague, he (Lord Hardinge) could only say that if, in the
course of transacting badness with the Oaks of Newcastle
linos the war broke out, any portion of their mutual duties
had been personally unsatiofectory, be did not know what
it meant. The fast was that the Secretary of State for War
had unlimited power at the Horse Guards, and if he ob-
jected to his (Lord Hardinp's) appointment of any officer to
go to the Crimea, he Lord Hardiest, should at once give
way, sod request him either to recommend another man or to
maks his own seasoner' ; and if the demareatioaa between
the Secretary of State for War and the Commander-in-Chief
were vague, irtoonvonient, or indegoite, it would arise from
the want on the part of the secretary of expressing his
pleasure with respect to the service to the Commander-in-
Chief. He (L'ird Hardinge) did not us what advantage
was to aurae to the service from the Secretary at State for
Mar having the appointment and promotion of effacers
RUSSIAN NEWS FROM THE CRIMEA. -whether the Duke of Newcastle or Lane Penman ; but
A supplement of the /sea& Busse, of the 2nd advantage he conceived did accrue from the circumstance of •
the Commander-in-Chief making those appointments and
last., contains the following extract from Prince promot ons, seeing that it was de Stable to keep up a con-
Gortchakofra siege journal, extending from the 19th nssion of this kind between the men is the army and the
to the 24th ult. : Commander-in-Chief, as • kind of reaompensa or maple-
On the 19th of April one of our batteries silenced two went for the harsh conduct hp was occasionally culled wow ,
French batteries, the guns of which were dismounted and to exercise. In effect, howschr, as thiags stood at ponce,
the embrasures destroyed. the power of tie Secretes, of State tar Was over-rode tha
power of the Commode:, lc-Chief. The Commander-in-
Oa the same day a squadrons of the enemy's cavalry
Chief of the army at home had the distribation of military
(Chasaeun d'Afrique and English dragoons) appeared
befese the advanced posts of the detachment of Tehorgouto, **wards, payments, and
WM the village of Homan, with six guns and about pentium ; and besides the
letter of service he gave to Lord Itatraan on going out (and
which the noble lord gave out, to the committee) instrue-
.lo.ooo Turku% infantry. After exchanging a few shots
re. lions were also riven to hint its to the mode of operations.
with oar Cossacks and Greek volunteers those troops
tuned to camp. Be was of opinion that great inconveisience might result if
pig Km be. the Commander-iu.Ckief at hems were to correspond with
In the night between the 19th and 20th A.
Ontri . twice attacked the lodgments in advance of Bastions the Commander•in Chief in the Crimea, aa it might clash
3 (opposite the English right attack), 6, and 6 (opposite the
French left attackinge) always
with the instructions and communications of the Secretary
); but, received with the bayonet and at War and the Cabinet ; but he (Lord Hard
compelled to make a hasty ' gave his opinion on watery and strategical matzo,. to the
THE CIVIL Sravlce.-Mr. W. B. "Meson has been grape, they Vera
views of the Commandcr-in-
, appointed &Distant clerk in the Pat office at Coostsati-
ha • left their trenches la three columns, again attacked Chief differed from those of the professional persons ice the
In the night between the 20th and 21st, the English, Duke of Newcastle. it the vie
nople, vice Mr. Edwin Bertram, deceased. The following
promotions have also taken place at the Imports and En-
the lodgments in front of Bastion J. The second company Cabinet, he (Lord Pardingo) gave his views honestly, and
ports Office in London. Mr.R. Whitmore has been pro- of the anbinee» of the &Num regiment of Okhotsk there was as end of it ; but he saw the instructions toot were
made a brilliant charge with the bayonet, and, having sent by the Duke 'if Newcastle to Lord Raglan, and if he
meted from first elms to be principal clerk, Inspector-G• ne• made - - ..
cal of Imports and Exports Office • Mr. J. Munday, from
_I.
routed the enemy, compelled them to makes precipitate
w Lie the sugges don ; but if the operations connected with
second elm to be first elan clerk; 'lllr. J. J. Austin, from '` the campaign were carried out against his (the Commander-
During tie same night an enemy's steam-frigate left the thought there was any room for improvement he always
third elms" be wand elm °edit ' Mr. R. Barker, from fleet (which toothsome at anchor in Kamieeeh and &valet's• in-Chict's) vie es, he wee not responsible for its He had
fourth class to be third class clerk; Mr. R. Roper, from
fourth clan to be third class clerk ; Yr. Richard T. Prows*, from,the tietterise atLnd forts of the t o nod fire at dif-
b and kee •his opinion to the members of the government on war ques-
• Clams. of more than 1,000 oeceo„ every opportunity, as Commander-in-Chief, of expressing
from Mat class to be fourth elan clerk; Mr. Daniel C. (treat aster ; this
attempt
was
' pe
d with little
Measeetti from fifth clam to be fourth class clerk ; Mr. ''''State for War and the cabinet ministers; and if he saw any'
nc the foticarian night.
tions, being in constant intercourse with the Secretary et
to the 24th, the enemy as one not og Willie* T. Mills, from fink elan to be fourth class clerk , Since _ _ renewed
dose as
h
Mr. Edward Chambers has been promoted to be second then, upthing likely to be done or adopted that won dbe injurons,
.
elm elerk, Plantation Accounts ofilos.-Ciell Sense* i iice,,iand have he should unreservedly 'sprees his opinion on the subject.
He was not aware that any important dc-patches from Lord
• of importance. Of our tide all gte drainage done to oar
ortl ons has been completely
.re . we
Gametes.
FOREIGN ORDERS AND MEDALS.—The Gazette of h. . - of Careening buy) and recent diets, nets not shown him by the Doh, of New. ' ,
utak te4oubt (en the hill to the east
constrocted • new batter, on the right flank of the Seller Raglan "to the progress of the was, Mara
_pertitniortref--......
lest night contains new regulations suspecting foreign orders fort r._ i,..... which have been immediately occu castle. He
for
liardingsh as Conarnandetta-Cbief, WS*
..
and medals, is substitution of the .regulatfoos now an force. pio. cle"rigsgeo.7'*
but not for the laid %rumor%
reversible for the organisation and onAt af ,the eareemmt.
41chAr
Npooriaiewasatjeet
ofis tratoomitro; wusdearsta foreign ordered,
ansediththeuistwthilie
ei anal that, on the 23rd April, ten to twelve ektraci4r di our country causing thin tespensilailltY,
"I
bi
given
unless
' eir •shall eve Weill witiefre4 for a rfa'
--a°ns of the enemv's cavalry aad eight to ten battalioas wart) In a degree at the commeesernent a- * tfte
motive and distiata_fsbed service before tha enemy, or oaten .1 infant,. with wideasieed by the tongue of Terme, to he sips:gees:l, though in the ease )f the
the subject el" naye
been employed is the .area of the of infantry
tg --4 the village of Saki, but on perceiving our mita• may, where the circumstances were act Lietetkervffidef
6,4 re-aalatet has been iced from the detachment at E out IC 04. Rest,
foreign soverelim conferring the order.
ALLEGED EMBEULIMENT 111 AN 'INCOME-14.'1 thelii
in
font werstes of Saki. of , g, Vol 1111 _ -
y were W
COLLIWTOR -Mt. Thomas Joe., one of the OClliketWV, of
.i. dross &dreads( from Tonsil the Turks retreated before
onsnisaaltogetheridtiffooserristadt. When bleonooothe
stforearce fy:,:th et 1 heir
li was.
quaintly increased to 26,000. - - ' rearm f/
the income tax in • put of the district of Astou, near RUSSIA. under Sir George Cathcart,
Birmingham, ham been eehr.ii..itteet for ,;etrtal at Warwick Private letters from St. Petersburg, reoei•ved in reserve they Joined the f
the pt liay of the Duke of
- enemy the largest possible iii
asitlyilwihirs' enonaaccouncharPt ofof
the incase tazaluis. H-eilMhadery;t7rllnwerda
number of house voidOE which tha tax had bar collected, asce-
ndancy of the war party in the Imperial Council,
the cionne of the past week, notice the almost absolute
was correct, the Duke of Welk
the
but in the subsequent half-year he Plit4 iht 'mount in full, : and speak of thg approaching retiremelit of Count mistake he made at Assays,
Re was Held tote% Neassinde, tem, twin tin Ma MU r

PARIS, THEILSDAY EVENING.
The Cburrir de Marseille of the 9th inst. pub lithos
the following letter, dated _ _

Before 28
pol, A pril .
On the 27th General CsarobertSebasto reviewed the be.
sieging corps d'armfe. Oar regiment marched at noon
from its camp to the ground, situate behind the
house of General Pannier, when the troops drew up
en Installs. On the right were the Imperial Guards, the
°nudism, VeWpm., Chamorro, Souses, artillery and
miglosers, and after them the Ist, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th dial-
duo, with the exception of the non on trench duty—in all
abort 40,000 men. It was a magnificent eight. At one
rwu General Caurobert arrived, followed by his staff,
• most brilliant suite of English officers. We were
sip in two limo. Gueral Canrobert passed slowly
before as, addreising to each company as he went aloes
gime of those heartfelt espreasions which endear a general-
's-etre( to his soldiers. After the review, be assembled the
eaten of each division, end made a short harangue, of
which the following is the sense, if not the words :
" I am happy to dad myself surrounded by you, whom I
love as a general and highly esteem as a soldier. The
Ifatigning works in which you are night and day engaged,
and the arduous but glorious mission entreated to me by the
Emperor, prevent me from assembliag you oftener, bat,
daring your labours and struggles, my thoughts and soul
are constantly with you, whom I love and am proud of.
Friends and comrades, what chagrins me mom is that
my power to recompense is not so unman as your
devotednese to our country and Emperor. Every time
I can bestow • recompense I am happy, for some, at least,
receive for all • reward so bravely earned. France and the
Emperor MI pond of you—and I, your General and friend,
glory broeunsmOse such troops. With officers like you,
and dm wand siudiere monad u, nothing is impossible.
BS nleideladeed patient, for the moment will soon come
whom, da the some of France, I will knock at the door, and,
ifk bast ow* to us, we shall enter both by the windows
▪ ilsw. With a little patience we will come oat them-
Put MU this terrible struggle, and the glory which it will
stint on France and upon you all will be immortal. Fare.
veil, until we shortly meet again. All Europe contemplates
sad admires you. Cheer up, my noble fellows. I read on
your mounteasnoss the presage of sumer. Go and tell your
men that they may rely on me as I rely on them."
Thome few words, spoken with calm energy, and the
sympathetic voice peculiar to the General, could not fail to
satisfy us. We returned to our men, and repeated to them
the eapression of their Commander-ia-Chiel. The drabs*
of the troops afterwards commenced and lasted upwards of
an hour. Lord Raglan was on the right of General Can-
robert, and among the Boer& staff we noticed flee or six
English ladies. The corps d'arm6e defiled in admirable
order. The weather was magnificent, and the Bunions,
from the tope of their observatories, could distinctly view
---..eyes. General Canrobert distributed a few

crosses and medals, and told us that our army consisted of
80,000 men. He ordered a ration of brandy to be given to
every man and forgave all the punishments. The corps
then returned to their respective quarters, and an hour
afterwards several detachments marched gaily to the
trenches for the night. The brisk fusillade which I hear at
this moment induced me to believe that the night will be •
warm MN.
I have received from a correspondent in the Princi-
palities the following official account of atrocities
committed by the Austrian soldiery :
BRAILA, Aram 16.
lam enabled to communicate to you an official report
from the head of the police of the town of Braila, addressed
to the local government, on March 23.
Yesterday, March 22, at about seven in the evening,
the commissary of the Yellow Quarter came to the Chan-
cery to tell me that one Aughel Tonitsa, a publican, had
been stabbed near St. George's Church. I hastened to in-
form the Yeesursor-General and the district surgeon of the
fact, and then went myself to the spot. I have ascertained
that the crime was committed under the following circum-
stances :1
In the evening of the 23rd, one Alex, Pricopetz being in
Tonitsa's wine shop at the time, an Austrian soldier stole •
bottle of brandy and ran off with it. Tonitzs pursued him.
The soldier turned round and stabbed him with a knife is
the left aide of the neck, and also on the left arm, a little
above the elbow. Alms Pricopets declares that on hearing
the cries he rushed out a the wine-shop, and found Tonitta
still breathing, bat with scareeiy strength enough to arti-
culate that he had been sessesinated.
. . .

" Shortly after this murder was committed, two shopmen,
in the service of M. Nicolas (heehaws°, came to the police-
office sad made the following declaration An Austrian
soldier had entered their shop, sad, after buying some
thread, wee going away without paying. A little boy,
only 11 years of sge, caught hold of the soldier by one of
his belts to prevent him from leaving. The soldier pushed
him away with his left hand, in which he held a knife. An-
other lad, aged 20, then attempted to stop the soldier from
running away when the latter struck at him a blow with
the knife, which cut hie clothes open immediately in tbt
direction of the heart, but merely inflicted a slight flesh
wound. The soldier then ran off to a wine shop opposite.
The shopmen followed, and endeavoured to secure his per-
son, bat without success. Flourishing his knife, end
threatening everybody around him, he made his way out
of the back door, and disappeared. The shopmen do not
knew the man.'
" While the secretary of police woe drawing up his report
of the affair list mentioned, two Austrian soldiers on night
patrol duty, accompanied by a waiter in a wine-shop kept
by Constantine Rotaron, came to report that while going
their roands they had found a man weltering in his blood
in the wrest of Fosse Radon. Thereupon the un.
eternised, accompanied by the ptoeureur end the district
surgeon, went to the place indicated. They found a men
severely wounded in three places—under the right ear, in
the region. of the theme, and under the left breast. In
answer to our inquiries he said his name wee Vassal
Nedelko, an Austrian subject, a caidji (boatman) by occupa-
tion, that he sou domiciled at Shaw that he came to Mol-
davia after the Ruesians left, that on that evening be bad
gone to drink an ohs of wine at Pendeli's wine shop, and
that while returning home he was suddenly attacked by two
individuals, one of whom he recognised as an Austrian sol-
dier. although the man was wrapped up in a cloak, and
wore a cap sad nomad. He further stated that the soldier
holding him by the hair of his bead, tore off his girdle, in
which there were tea ducats, and then stabbed him and
made off. All the above facts, occurring in the coarse of
the 22d of Muth, I have the honour to report to the
honourable government. I have to add, that the man last
mentioned hue been taken to the hospital, and it is hoped
that his life ma be saved.
(Signed, for the Reed of the Police)
" M. Dneoonsizzaco."

I II AC WWII
wing this this respensatillty A Cilt d
e commencement ef- * ft- . ...-
though I. the ease lif the Xi ;;
knees wcirs act letsisrvilik. 2.-_.ll'
n the force tar thee.* was. -,,...; -.4
1,000 strong, bat tis was eu - ''' "
). Thera was a refetve of 6,800_...).;;Z:
;, and instead of remaielyg as a..
stay at Alma; and seta
Wellington, to bring against the
. power of attack, perhaps this
Vellirgtou, haring repeated
ears, when be only took bait his
slt so • mom Is was samiki•