biglam/hmd_newspapers huggingface dataset:
The Press.
London, England, 1854-10-21

POSTSCRIPT.

THE CRIMEA.
Yesterday's Moniteur confirms the intelligence of
s sortie attempted by the garrison of Sebastopol. It
Lays, the Charge d'Affaires of France at Constan-
inople, writing on the 10th, informs the Minister of
Foreign Affairs that the captains of the steam trans-
ports just arrived from the Crimea state that the
besieged had attempted a sortie against our siege
works, and that they had been vigorously repulsed.

The Porte has sent a reinforcement of 4,01 K) men
to the Ottoman corps which forms part of the ex-
pedition.
The Copirte Zeituny's Correspondenz has reliable
intelligence from *Oalatz that the Russian reinforce-
ments advancing to the Crimea will concentrate at
Perekop, and there remain. Prince Menschikoff
will retreat to I'erekop, in case of Sebastopol being
taken. After the landing of the allies at Eupatoria,
Prince Menschikoff received instructions from St.
Petersburg to hold the position in the Alma for two
months. This would have allowed time for fresh
troops to come up. The battle of Alma having been
lost, the attempt to relieve Sebastopol may be given
up. According to advices from Yarns of the 6th
inst., a despatch had arrived there from Lord Raglan,
ordering t hat no more Turkish troops should be
transported to the Crimea, as the forces already in
the Crimea were sufficient for every operation. There
were then about 8,000 Turks at Yarns. French and
English troops continue to leave Kustendje and
Bourgas for the Crimea. The above authority esti-
mates the number of the Russian cavalry in the
Crimea at 20,000 men. With the reserves, the force
London, England, 1854-10-21

THE CHOLERA.

Cholera sadly ravages our army, and seems to
have increased in virulence. There are two hospitals
established at Balaklava, and one of them alone con-
tains 216 cholera patients. Several valuable officers
have fallen victims to the scourge, and amongst
others are Colonel Hoey, of the 30th ; Captain Free-
man, of the Scots Greys; and Lieutenant Grant, of
the 79th. The Rev. Mr. Morley, chaplain to the 3rd
division, expired at Balaklava. The death of this
exemplary young minister was greatly lamented.
His piety, devotion to the sick, and true Christian
charity, had endeared bim to all. Scarcely a single
officer is in full possession of his health ; those who
are not suffering from diarrhoea, fever, and ague, are
martyrs to rheumatism. Truly the British army has
suffered much, but death and sickness are supported
without complaint. Sebastopol lies before it, and in
the fearful contest which a few days more will witness
the fate of the campaign will be decided. Sebastopol
once taken and completely destroyed, it is to be hoped
the British army will be immediately conveyed, if not
back to old England, at least to a less trying clime
than the Crimea. The hardships we have endured,
says another writer, since we landed are literally
beyond description. We still (Oct. 2) bivouac in the
open air, for now we find that no tents are to belanded
at all. Added to these discomforts, the cholera is
raging among us in the most awful manner. What
the disease did in Bulgaria is a mere trifle to what it
is doing here. Fortunately we are campaigning, so
it does not attract so much attention, but the number
of deaths are enough to appal the most hardened.
Since we arrived at Balaklava (five days ago) we have
lost three lieutenant-colonels, fourteen captains and
subalterns, and about four hundred non-commissioned
officers and men from cholera alone. During the two
days' march from Katscha Bay, the British force lost
four hundred men from dysentery and cholera. On
the same road, and within the same time, the French
lost about one thousand men. The cholera is not
likely to diminish in the camp about Balaklava and
Sebastopol, for there is an abundance of grapes and
other fruit; and in Balaklava itself the presence of
troops, though so recent, has already produced filth
and garbage to a frighful extent. Nothing could be
easier than to stop the disgraceful practices which
lead to this dangerous state of things, but while
every one complains no one seems to think of the
remedy.
London, England, 1854-10-21

WEST INDIES.

The news received by the last West India mail
is of minor importance. The cholera was fast dis-
appearing from the various West India Islands, and
the corps were looking well. There was existing a
great scarcity of labour.
At Jamaica the elections were still going on, but
they created little interest.
An attempt was being made by Sir Henry Barkly
to revive Sir Charles Grey's Branch Society of Arts
and Sciences in Spanish Town, in the hope, appa-
rently, of exciting a spirit of enterprise in anticipa-
tion of the Great Paris Exhibition of 1855.

The commencement of a new and profitable trade
with the West India colonies, it is to be hoped, has
been commenced by the shipment of samples of
some of the fibrous productions (banana and pen-
guin) of Jamaica and Porto Rico, with the view
of their qualities being tested in England. Should
these fibres be successfully introduced, either as
materials for textile fabrics or as a substitute for

rags in the manufacture of pap 4 r, there can be no
doubt but that any quantity might be obtained
from those colonies, as the plants require but little
labour to be expended on their cultivation, and are
almost totally indifferent to the quality of the soil.
The progress of the experiment will be watched with
much interest, and with every desire for its success.
ful issue.
London, England, 1854-10-21

THE PRESS.

went on board the Andes and Vulcan : the wounded in both
ships were very well cared for. There were awnings and
screens to protect them from the weather, and each man
had his cot, bed, and blankets. The wounded officers had
also been made as comfortable as possible under the cir-
cumstances, and I heard no complaints whatever. On the
contrary, all, both officers and men, were ready to testify
to the unremitting attention and the extreme kindness and
humanity of the over-worked medical office's. Further, I
visited the wounded after their removal to the hospital at
Scutari—l spent hours with them ; and I can safely say
that, with the exception of those who were only slightly
wounded, and who were assisting their lees fortunate bre-
thren in arms, every nein had a comfortable bed, and all
necessary attention and care bestowed by the medical offi-
cers and attendants.
The wounded officers, in my hearing, frequently ex-
pressed their satisfaction with the arrangements made for
them. When any one of them uttered a cry of pain, at
once was a medical officer by his side.
Nothing could exceed the devoted attention of the medi-
cal staff to the wounded, both officers and men. No dis-
tinction was made—all were treated alike (the officers
being in separate wards )—and all fared well, as well nay
much better than might have been expected.
The Turkish Seraskier, when he visited the hospital,
was equally surprised and delighted with the arrangements
which had been made for the requirements of the sick and
wounded.
Lastly, during my stay at Scutari, I learned from several
officers of the medical staff that there was iu the British
hospital a profusion of medical stores of every kind—many
thousands of yards of plaster, of lint, bandages, and every
needful appliance--•as well as abundance of wine, brandy,
and nutritious delicacies fur the sick and wounded.

NAMES OF THE KILLED AT THE ALMA.
Lists of the names of non-commissioned officers
and privates killed and wounded at the battle of the
Alma were received at the War•office on Wednesday,
and published in a supplement to the Gazette that
same evening. We subjoin the names of those who
fell; the list of wounded being too voluminous for
our columns. It may be remarked that the propor-
tion of wounded to killed in the battle is higher than
the average of former engagements during past
European wars :-
19TH LIGHT DRAGOONS.
No return received. No casualties appear to have occurred in
this regiment.
ROYAL ARTILLERY.
Killed—Corporal William Mortlook.
Privates Alexander Laing, Samuel Beck, Ezekiel Denny,
John Greatrix, George Beech, John Hamilton, William Crew,
Joseph Perkins-9.
London, England, 1854-10-21

SATURDAY,

PAG ET—On the 15th instant, the Lady Alfred Paget, of a eon '
PA K ENHAM—On the 14th instant, at Searborowsh, the lion'
Mrs. Pakenham, of a daughter.
WOOD—On the 14th instant, in Cavendish-square, the Wile of
Colonel Thomas Wood, of a daughter.
MARRIAGES.

BAILLIE—WARREN DER—On the 17th instant., at Edinburgh,
George Biala, jun., Esq., of Jerviswoode, to Helen, daughter
of Sir John Warrender, Bart., of Locherd.
BATT—CRAWSHAY—On the 3rd instant, at the parish church
of Awre, by the Rev. Charles Brookabiulk, Incumbent of
Blakeney, William Forster Batt, Esq., of Coldbrook, Aberge-
'fenny, to Sarah Louise, second twin eldest daughter of Henry
Crawshay, Esq., of Oaklands Park, Newnhatn, Gloucesteraiiire.
M'PHERSON—ABERUEIN--thi the 14th instant, ut
Captain P. M'Pheraon, 17th Regiment, to Mary Elizabeth,
daughter of Robert Henry Aberdein, Esq., of Devonshire.
MARSHALL—BELL—On the 19th instant, at Penwortham
Church, Lucy Anne, daughter of William Marshall, Esq., of
Penworthaut Hall, Lancashire, to Dr. Charles Wiu. I ell,
K.L.S., of Manchester, late Physician to her Majesty's Eta.
bassy at the Court of Teheran.
RADCLI FEE—DOUGHTY—On the 18th instant, Joseph Per.
cival Radcliffe. Esq., son of Sir Joseph Radcliffe, Bart., to K.
therine, daughter of the late Sir Edward and the Hon. Lady
Doughty, of Tichborne-park, Hants.
STIRLING-11E0131E-0u the 11th instant, at Edinburgh,
Samuel Home Stirling, Esq., of Glorat, to Mary Harriet
Thornton, daughter of Major Begbie, late of the 62nd Regt.
TOTTENHAM—WARDLE—Ou the 14th of October, at Honetcy,
by the Rev. John Henry Moran, chaplain to her Majeaty's
prison at Brixton, and uncle of the bridegrmm, Edward, third
son of Duncan Tottenham, Esq., of Dubliu, to Annie, second
daughter of the late Thomas Wardle, Esq.
WATSON—WELCH—On the 14th instant, at St. James's, Pie-
cuddly, Joseph John Wilson Watson, Esq., Ph. D., lie., of
Upper Brook-street, Grosvenor•square, to Georgina Anne
Welch, daughter of the late John Gregory Welch, Esq., of
Arle, Gloucestershire.
WHEELER—COLLIER—On the 7th of June, at Sydney, New
South Wales, Captain Henry Wheeler, late of her Majesty's
47th Infantry, to Matilda, daughter of the late George Collier,
Esq., of North Brixton.
WYDENBRUCK—BLACKER—On the 16th instant, at Chelsea,
the Huron de Wydenbruck, Chamberlain to tho Emperor of
Austria, to Isabella Louisa, daughter of the law Lieut.-Cul.

St. Johu Blacker.
WitiRAB—ALEXANDER—On the 4th ult., at Howrab, near
Calcutta, Hubert Jamea, son of the Right Hon. Sir Jamea
Wigram, to Leouoia, daughter of Henry Alexander, Esq., of
novena'.
London, England, 1854-10-21

RUSSIA.

Under the present threatening aspects the Czar
has placed the three provinces nearest Austria in a
state of siege. Gortschakoff is declared generalis-
simo. The ukase appeared on the 14th inst.
Whatever the St. Petersburg papers may say, the
Emperor Nicholas admits to his confidential friends
the total defeat of the Russian army on the Alma.
His rage is described as something awful, and the
reproaches he has addressed to Prince Menschikoff
are most violent. He is said to be determined on
persisting to the last.
A correspondent of the Cologne Gazette, under
date St. Petersburg, Oct. 8, says :

The !hereditary Grand Prince has notoriously dis-
approved of the war, and considered it disastrous from the
first. He disapproved the policy and the mission of
Menschikoff, which his brother, Constantine, however
insisted on. Recent events in the Crimea have made a
painful impression on the heir-apparent, but he has not
ventured to utter any complaint before the head of his
family. Count Nesselrode avoids the presence of the
Crown Prince, for he dreads his reproaches. He, at least,
might have remonstrated in time with the Czar, had he
possessed sufficient moral courage, and might thus have
given by his influence a different turn to affairs. There
is, of course, no courtier now that would dare to hint even
at concessions, since the Czar's declaration that " his dig-
nity was engaged in the contest."
Prince Woronzow has been repeatedly pressed to
take the command in the Crimea. The Prince, who
has more than once expressed his disapproval of the
policy of the Czar, has refused. Being pressed on
the point, he made ill health a pretext for retiring,
and, it is said, is now in Brussels. Another effort is
making to induce him to go to the Crimea, and an
agent of the Emperor is now in that city, or is shortly
expected there, for that object.
The .Russian Medical Gazette of September 23rd
(October 6th) states that since the breaking out of
the cholera at Ste Petersburg there had been 20,020
London, England, 1854-10-21

TURKEY.

The Council of Tanzimat has been appointed, in
accordance with the decree of the Sultan. The
measure is a kind of concession to the Western
powers, who, in return for their blood and treasure
spent in sustaining the Turkish State, have a right
to demand that internal reform which can alone save
the empire. The Council consists of Ali Pacha,
President., Mehemet Ruchdi, Rifaat and Hifzi Pachas,
Ruchti Molla Effendi, and Fuad Effendi.
The Preue states, in a despatch of the sth from
Constantinople :—" For the first time for 400 years
a cross was publicly erected in the Turkish capital.
It was while a funeral mass was read for Marshal
St. Arnaud."
London, England, 1854-10-21

THE PRESS.

Lord Raglan said it was one of the most glorious things
the British army have ever done.
Two Russian generals are prisoners. They said their
lines were thought to be so strong that they could have
kept us in cheek for three weeks ! . . Tell I.l I
shall, perhaps, have some shooting with him this winter,
after all. I shall, at least, try to get home. . . .
Ever your affectionate son,
London, England, 1854-05-06

MAY 6, 1854.

the present generation would be able to meet the expenses
of the great struggle in which we hal become engaged.
He could not possibly share in that hope ; and, even if the
present generation could hear all the expenses of the war,
it would not be just to impose upon it such a burden, be-
cause our posterity was still more interested than we were
ourselves in resisting an aggression which, if it were suc-
cessful, would make the head of the Russian empire the
muter of Europe. '
The noble earl, however, concluded by admitting
that, whatever might be his opinion of the ill-luck
or the incapacity of the present Chancellor of the
Exchequer, he felt that he could not, under the cir
cumatances in which the country wai placed, oppose
the bill.

Lord MONTEAGI,I4 argued that our present finan-
cial position was anomalous and dangerous, and pro-
ceeded to point out, at considerable length, what he
seemed to regard as the errors and the contradictions
of the financial policy of the present Chancellor of
the Exchequer in regard to the interest on Exche-
quer Bills, the conversion of stocks, and the arrange-
ments with the Bank of England. So greatly had
Mr. Gladstone been mistaken in his calculations
that the University of Cambridge, which had held
90,0001. of South Sea Stock, had been enabled to ob•
tain for that stock not less than 100,0001. Another
subject to which he felt bound to refer was the low
amount of the balances in the Exchequer. In his
opinion, the present state of those balances was much
to be regretted, because, by compelling the Govern-
ment to borrow money from the Bank of England,
it contributed to diminish the accommodation which
was usually available for the trade of the country.
He thought it was impossible to look forward without
apprehension to our financial prospects in the years
1858, 1859, and 1860, for which the Government
were at present about to prepare extraordinary res-
ponsibilities, while they must be utterly unacquainted
with the necessities which the events of those years
might of themselves create.
The Duke of ARGYLL, after confessing his incom-
petence to discuss financial questions, contended
that the financial condition of the country was one
of unexampled prosperity, and submitted that all
the embarrassments that now existed should be at-
tributed to the deficient harvest and the unexpected
war.
Earl GREY denied that the failure of the financial
policy of the Chancellor of the Exchequer was owing
to the occurrence of unexpected events. It should
be borne in mind that an able financial minister
proved his ability by so framing his measures that
accidental circumstances did not prevent their suc-
London, England, 1854-05-06

CONTINENTAL EDUCATION.—At a first-
ratek) ESTABLISHMENT on the RHINE, Young Gentle.
men are Prepared for the Public Schools, Universities, and the
higher branches of Commerce. The pupils are taught to con-
verse with fluency in German and French, and also, if required,
well grounded in Italian and Spanish. Inclusive terms, fifty
guineas. For further particulars address Mr. A. 11., Radnor
Villa, Great Malvern.
London, England, 1854-05-06

422

trying circumstances the utmost cordiality between
the British and French sailors. It would be inju-
rious to the public service for prospective proceed-
ings to be discussed in that house. As for the past,
since the declaration of war, the utmost energy had
been shown by the Government.
Mr. DISRAELI believed that the war had not been
forced upon the country. If Lord Aberdeen had
tiever been Premier, we should still have been at
peace. But, as the country was now fairly plunged
into hostilities, he should not interrupt the unanimity
with which the necessary supplies should be voted.
He proceeded to remark upon the three budgets
which had been inflicted on the house, inquiring why
the first statement had been brought forward at a
time when no clear account could be given of the
public expenditure, and only a delusive idea given of
the responsibilities which we were incurring.
Lord J. RUSSELL, in reply, defended the Chancellor
of the Exchequer, and eulogised the principles on
which the war was set in array.
Mr. Henley, Mr. Laing, Mr. Milner Gibson, Sir
H. Willoughby, and Lord H. Vane, having briefly
spoken, the vote was agreed to, as were the remain-
ing votes successively.

ARMY ESTIMATES.

The SECRETARY at WAR then brought forward the
additional estimates for tho army service. The extra
number of men required was 14,799, and the addi-
tional charge 3(X),0001.
The votes were agreed to after some discussion.
On the motion of Mr. MoNsEu, 742,1321. addi-
tional was voted for the ordnance service.
London, England, 1854-05-06

DIRECTIONS TO OFFICIAL SERVANTS.

(AFTER SWIFT.)
THE PRIME MINISTER.

As you are the principal individual in the establishment, and as the
head cannot possibly be the hands, of course you may, if you please, do
nothing. Again, as you are always intent on considering the future,
you have no business with the present ; and therefore you are clearly
required to know nothing. For example, if news arrives by electric
telegraph half an hour before the House sits that the army is cut off
or the fleet destroyed, an impertinent Member of the Opposition will
probably ask you whether it is true—and how can you tell him? Such
information may be well enough for newspaper reporters, who are paid
for knowing it and telling it ; but you can eatfly demand why he did
not give you notice a month before that he was about to put the ques-
tion ? It is not to be expected. that a man of your penetration cau be
eternally attending to electric telegraphs. You know what ought to
have been done, and the orders that were issued, and it is quite enough
if you quote the orders and deny the reporter's letter. You are, of
course, a person of constitutional opinions; and as Lord North (see
Lord Brougham's "Statesmen ") was accustomed to say that "in the
English Constitution there could be no such thing as a Prime Minister,
and would not allow his family to use the word," you cannot do better
than prove that the official is really a nonentity. But, on the other
London, England, 1854-05-06

DROFESSOR EDWARD FORBES, F.R.S.,
I will deliver a COURSE of EIGHT LECTURES on the
FORMS and COLOURS of ANIMALS and PLANTS at
MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, Pall-mall, on FRIDAY AFTER-
NOONS, at Four o'clock—viz., 12th, 19th, and 26th of May, and
2nd, 9th, 16th, 23rd, and 39th of June.
London, England, 1854-05-06

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY.

Replying to Lord Lyndhurst on Monday,
The Earl of ABERDEEN stated that it was not the
intention of the Government to bring in any bill
having reference to Cambridge University during
the present session.

INCOME TAX.
The committal of the Income-tax Bill stood for
Monday in the House of Peers. As a money bill there'
was of course no opportunity for their lordships to
propose any modification of the measure ; but the
motion for the committee, which was proposed by
Earl GRANVILLE, was not acceded to without a some-
what prolonged discussion, in the course of which
the Ministerial policy, especially in the department
of finance, was reviewed and criticised. The noble
mover of the committee contented himself with a
brief resume of the treatment which the income tax
had received and the changes that had been effected
in its dimensions by the present Chancellor of the
Exchequer.
Lord BROUGHAM consented to accept the tax, even
in its increased form, as a melancholy necessity of
the times and under the compulsion of our having to
provide for the war expenditure. He, however, re-
tained his conviction that the tax should be levied
upon capital under a different tariff from that im-
posed upon labour.
The Earl of MALMESBURY believed that the sim-
plicity of the income tax was its worst fault. Being
so easily imposed, it offered a temptation against
which Chancellors of the Exchequer should be kept
on their guard. He then criticised the conduct and
policy of the present Ministry since they entered
office, contending that by a series of blunders they
bad brought upon the country the calamity of war,
and were embarking upon another series in their
contrivances for paying its cost :
" The present Coalition Ministry, which had driven their
predecessors from office on a question of finance, might
naturally have been expected to have made their financial
policy the strongest and the most successful portion of their
administration. But he would confidently ask any impar-
tial individual whether, if they had ever contemplated such
an object, they had not utterly failed in its accomplish-
ment. The present Chancellor of the Exchequer had
vainly attempted, shortly after the commencement of his
official career, to lay down financial arrangements, which
were to extend over a period of seven years, and bad made
that attempt after he had been put clearly in possession of
the ambitious views of the Emperor of Russia by the Eng-
lish Minister at St. Petersburg. The prospects of peace,
however, had at length vanished, in spite of the sanguine
anticipations of the noble earl at the bead of the Govern-
ment and the Chancellor of the Exchequer hoped that
London, England, 1854-05-06

THE PAESS.

The sleeping figure reposing on snowy and downy
pillows while his limbs are confined in irons, however
little it may accord with historical probability, is finely
conoeived. The dress of black satin is too carefully
represented, and the studied disorder accords little
with the place and circumstances. The accessorial
details are far too elaborately made out, and distract
attention from the principal figure. The light on the
table of the inner cell, on which are placed the re-
mains of a substantial meal, illumines a part of the
picture, which, to preserve breadth of effect, should
have been studiously kept down. We do not under-
stand why the scene should be represented by candle-
light : the hour of dinner was probably midday, and
at that hour even the cell of a prisoner could hardly
be quite dark. The figures of the councillor and
the gaoler have no redeeming merit. We are
rather surprised that a subject in which we are in
vited to sympathise with unsuccessful rebellion
against legitimate authority should have been se-
lected to adorn the walls of a parliament-house yet
owning allegiance to an hereditary sovereign. Where
we are obliged to censure we would willingly be brief,
but we must defer any further remarks till a future
occasion.
London, England, 1854-05-06

RAILWAY BILLS.

The Railway and Canal Traffic Regulation 81l
wen t through committee.
The Militia Bill also passed through committee.
The house adjourned at half p ast one o'clock.

As the allied fleets, after destroying the fortifica-
tions of Odessa, had sailed for Sevastopol, we may
.expect to receive by the next accounts intelligence of
decisive operations before that port. The fortifica-
tions of Sevastopol consist, we believe, of one fort of
50 guns, one of 64, one of 196, one of 80, one of 101,
one of S(, one of :14, and 0 mortars—in all 604 guns.
Recent letters say that the place is not so strong as
has been stated, and, from the tremendous batteries
which the allied fleets could bring to bear against it,
little fear need be entertained as to the success of a
vigorous attack.

A grand and final attempt is, it is said, being pre-
pared at St. Petersburg for gaining over Prussia to
the side of Russia. The bait is to be a treaty of
commerce. No such treaty has been made between
the two countries since 1820, and it was suffered to
expire in 1830.
Russian agents in the smaller German States are
showing the greatest activity in endeavouring to pre-
vent their adhesion to the Treaty of Alliance.
An ukae by the Emperor Nicholas orders the im-
mediate circulation of the second series of Treasury
Bonds, of 100 roubles each, at five per cent. interest.
The whole amount of the issue is to be 5,000,000
roubles.

In France eighty thousand men, of the levy of one
hundred and forty thousand of the year 1E353, are
called under arms.
THE CHANCELLOR AND THE STOCK-EXCHANGE
" Smos."—lt is stated that many of the applications
to the Chancellor for his new bonds were made by
the class known in the Stock-Exchange parlance as
"stags." The amount unwittingly allotted to these
speculators is said to be considerable, and that the
letters of allotment were yesterday freely (and vainly)
offered for sale at 1-16th, or fifteen pence per cent.
premium.—Daily News of Friday.

A FEARFUL STORM OF LIGHTNING AND RAIN visited
Leeds on Tuesday afternoon, attended with serious
and fatal consequences. The electric fluid struck a
new church erecting by the Roman Catholics at
Mount St. Mary and shattered it considerably.
Several workmen employed on the edifice had taken
shelter under some scatirlding from the rain, and the
lightning struck one of them and killed him instan-
taneously. Four others were also struck, and
much hurt. Some of the men received injuries from
the falling masonry, of which one died afterwards in
the Leeds Infirmary.
THE TOTAL L 039 OF ANOTHER EMIGRANT-SHIP has
been announced from Falmouth. The vessel is the
Black Hawk. She was quite a new clipper, of 1,800 tons
register, and sailed on the 4th ult. for New York,
under the command of Captain Bunker, with about
fOX) emigrants. The despatch received states she
was dismasted on the 19th ult., in lat. 47 N., lorg. 35
W., when the crew (and it is believed the passengers
also) were taken off, and the ship shortly afterwards
foundered.
London, England, 1854-05-06

France and England, who endeavoured to lead the Porte
astray by misrepresenting our intentions. Lastly, at this
moment, England and France throw off the mask, regard
our difference with Turkey as a mere secondary
question, and no longer dissemble that their joint object
is to weaken Russia, to tear from her a part of her posses-
sions, and to bring down our country from the powerful
position to which the hand of the Supreme Being had
exalted it.
" Is it for orthodox Russia to fear such threats ?
" Ready to confound the audacity of the enemy, shall she
swerve from the sacred purpose that has been assigned to
herby Divine Providence ? No ! Russia has notforgotten
God ! It is not for worldly interests that she has taken
up arms : she combats for the Christian faith, for the
defetnie of her co-religionists oppressed by implacable
enemies.
" Let all Christendom know, then, that the thought of the
Sovereign of Russia is also the thought that animates and
inspires all the great family of the Russian people—this
orthodox people, faithful to God and to his only Son Jesus
Christ our Redeemer.
"It is for the faith and for Christendom that we combat !
' God with us—who aaatast usto
" Given at St. Petersburg, on the 11th day of the month
of April, in the year of grace 18)4, and the twenty-nitith of
our reign."
(Signed) "NICHOLAS."

THE ROYAL OPERA, DRURY-LANE.
1. Last Nights of NORMA, DER FREISCHUTZ, and LA
SONNAMBULA.
On MONDAY (last time) Bellini'a NORMA, Norma, Mme.
Caradorl.
On TUESDAY (last time) Weber's DER FREISCHUTZ.
Camper, Herr Formes; Agatha, Mme. Caradori.
On WEDNESDAY and FRIDAY (last time) LA SONNAM-
BULA. Amine, Mlle. Agnes Bihy.
On THURSDAY and SATURDAY (first times) Beethoven's
FIDELIO. Leonora, Madame Caradori ; and Boom, Herr
Formes.
To conclude each evening with a BALLET DIVERTISSE-
MENT. Conductors, Herr Lindpaintner and Herr Anschuez.
Gallery, le. ; Pit, 25.; Boxes, 3s. • First Circle, 48.; Dress Cir-
cle, 53.; Stalls, 7s. Private Boxes, One, Two, Three, and Four
Guineas may be had at the Box-office; and Private Boxes and
Stalls of Messrs. Leader and Cock, 68, New Bond-street, corner
of Brook-street.

TI'OYLEY'S SCOTCH WOOLLEN WARE-
I) HOUSE, the Noted House for Scotch Goods, warranted
all Wool,
In LADIES' DRESSES, SCARF SHAWLS, OF.NTLEMEN'S
PLAIDS, TROUSERINGS, ice. to.
Billiard and Eight-quarter Cloths, Table Covers, and D'Oyleys.
The only House in London for the celebrated Rose Table Cover.
WALKER, BABB, and CO., 346, STRAN D, Waterloo.bridge.
London, England, 1854-05-06

ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE.
Lessee and Manager, Mr. ALFRED WIGAN.
On MONDAY, May 8, TUESDAY, and WEDNESDAY, will
be presented a Comedietta, entitled THE HAPPIEST DAY OF
MY LIFE. Principal characters by Messrs. F. Robson, J. H.
White, Leslie, Vincent, Franks, Rivers; Miss P. Horton, Mrs.
Chatterley, and Miss Marston. After which TO OBLIGE BEN-
SON. Characters by Messrs. Emery, F. Robson, Leslie; Mrs.
Stirling, and Miss Wyndham. To conclude with THE WAN-
DERING MINSTREL. Jem Bags, Mr. F. Robson.
On THURSDAY, FRIDAY, and SATURDAY, the Comedietta
of FIGHTING BY PROXY. Principal characters by Messrs.
F. Robson, H. Wigan, Robinson, White, Vincent; Miss Turner,
and Miss Stevens. After which THE HAPPIEST DAY OF MY
LIFE. To conclude with TO OBLIGE BENSON.
Box-office open from Eleven to Five. Doors open at Seven,
and commence at Half-past Seven. Stalls, 511.; Boxes, lis.;
Pit, 2s; Gallery, Is.

COLOGNE CHORAL UNION.
DER KOLNER MANNER GESAVG VEREIN.
MONDAY NEXT. HANOVER-SQUARE ROOMS. Mr.
MITCHELL respectfully announces that the above distinguished
Society will give a Second Series of SIX MORNING CON-
CERTS, at the Hanover-square Rooms, which are fixed to take
place on the following days :—Monday next, May 8 ,• Wednesday,
May 10; Friday, May 12 ; Monday, May 15 ; NVednesday. May
17; and Friday, May 19. Director, Herr FRANZ WEBER.
The concerts will be arranged as last year—commencing at Half-
East Three, and terminating about Five o'clock. The only
VENING CONCERTS which can be given during the short
Engagement of this Distinguished Society will take place on
Saturday Evening, May IS, and Saturday Evening, May 20;
commencing at Half-past Eight o'clock.
Reserved Seats, 10s. Gd. ; Admission to the Body of the Room,
58. ; which may be had at Mr. MITCHELL'S Royal Library, 33,
Old Bond-street.
London, England, 1854-05-06

REVEL AND CRONSTADT.

AT the entrance to the Gulf of Finland, after the navi-
gator has doubled the isle and lighthouse of Odensholm,
the first points of interest are the fort of Rogervich and
the great harbour called Port Baltic. Before Russia pos-
sessed the splendid harbours of Finland vast works were
began by Peter the Great, and continued by the Empresses
Elizabeth and Catherine, for the purpose of shutting in the
port of Rogervich by a dyko and rendering it fit for a naval
station. But the operations required wore not less for-
midable than those of Cherbourg, and the Government
ultimately abandoned them. Revel, which lies eight
leagues from Rogervich, has thus become the first or

westernmost military harbour on the gulf. The city of
that name is the capital of Esthonia, contains some 23,000
inhabitants, and is situated about 130 leagues from St.
Petersburg.
The harbour of Revel is extensive, with a great depth of
water. Around it are building-docks, a naval arsenal, a
cannon foundry, and all other works requisite for a military
port. The town stands on an elevation, and is strongly
fortified, especially on the able towards the sea. The guns
of the citadel command the harbour, although from some
distance. The channel leading into the port winds
amongst islands and sandbanks, which render the naviga-
tion extremely difficult, especially when, as at present, the
buoys and landmarks are removed. But, in spite of these
difficulties, the Russians themselves have never considered
Revel impregnable, as they do Cronstadt or Sveaborg.
The Government has, however, taken vigorous measures
to strengthen its defences. New batteries have been con-
structed ; its suburbs razed within the radius of a cannon
shot ; the women, children, and infirm sent ontof the town ;
and the civic and judicial authorities transferred to
Veissenatein, a little town ten leagues inland. Finally, a
corps of 30,000 men has been despatched to protect the
city and its environs.
Penetrating deeper into the Gulf of Finland, we arrive at
Cronstadt, which may be considered at once the outwork,
the arsenal, and the commercial entrepot of Pt. Petersburg.
Eight leagues of water separate the two localities ; but that
water is seldom more than eight feet deep, so that all large
vessels, and even the packet•steamers, are obliged to stop
and unload at Cronstadt. Ships-of-war are indeed built at
St. Petersburg, where there are excellent building and
graving docks, but they are always sent to Cronstadt to be
rigged and armed ; and even the bare hulls of the larger
vessels are transported down the shallow waters of the
London, England, 1854-05-06

SECRETARY.
Oxford, will be glad to meet with a SITUATION u SECRE-
TARY to a Member of Parliament or other Gentleman.—
Address Delta, Kimpton's Library, 68, Great Ruseell-street,
Bloomsbury.

EMPLOYMENT WANTED, either
temporary or permanent, by a Married Gentleman of
Middle Age, as Clerk or Collector to a Commercial House, Secre-
tary to a Publio Company, or Superintendent of a Charitable
natitution. A Small Salary would be accepted. The Advertiser
has been well brought up, has good connections in the military
profession, and is brother to au officer of high distinction. He
possesses references and testimonials of the highest character.
Apply by letter to " Veritas," 104, Park-street, Grosvenor-
square.

mONEY FOR INVESTMENT on the per-
sonal security (without sureties) of gentlemen of respon-
sibility, heirs to entailed estates, &c.; also on revemions or life
Interests. This emanates from a party of the highest respecta-
bility, for which references will be given to responsible parties.
Address to S. X., care of Mr. Grigg, bookseller, 10, Regent-
street, London, and to whom also reference may be made.
London, England, 1854-05-06

430

RICE—Our market is very dull, at barely last week's quota-
tions.
SALTPETRE—About 100 tons to arrive have sold at 44s to
55s per cvrt. On the spot nothing is doing.
PROVISIONS—The few parcels of new Irish butter in the
market have sold at from 98s to 106 s per cwt; but the demand is
heavy. Foreign qualities move off slowly, and the currencies
have a downward tendency. English butter is quite Is per cwt
cheaper than last week. The bacon market is firm, and the
quotations have a downward tendency. Lard and hams are
dull. A fair business is doing in cheese, at the late decline.
Barrel provisions support former terms.
TALLOW—The imports from the Continent continue exten-
sive. However, the market i 3 firm, with buyers of P. Y. C., on
the spot, at 64s to 64s 9d; May and June, 655; July, 661;
August, 663 9d per cwt. Town tallow, 62s net cash.
OILS—We have an imprived sale for linseed oil, at 40s 6d to
418 per cwt on the spot. Other oils move off slowly, on former
terms. In turpentine very little is doing. Spirits, 21 7s; in
puncheons, 216 s ; rough, 14s per cwt.
COALS—Carr's Hartley, 19s 6d; Holywell, 18s 6d; Herten,
17s 6d; Eden Main, 18s; Braddyll, 18s 6d; Hatton, 198;
Stewart's, 19s; Heugh Hall, 18s; Tees, 19a per ton.
WOOL—The next public sales of colonial wool—at which
about 35,000 bales will be offered—are appointed to commence
on Thursday next. In the private market scarcely any business
is doing. This week's imports have exceeded 5,000 bales.
HEMP AND FLAX—Hemp is very dull, and 21 per ton
lower. Petersburg clean has changed hands at 681 to 691 per
ton. In flax scarcely any business is doing. Jute has fallen
11 100 to 21 per ton.
COTTON—The transactions are limited, but we have no de-
cline to notice in prices.
CINNAMON—The quarterly sales have gone off heavily, at a
decline of from Id to 211 per lb.
SPIRITS—There is a fair business doing in rum. Proof
Leewards, Ss Gd to Is 7d; East India, 3s 5d to Is Gd per
gallon. Brandy continues dull. Sales of Cognac, best brands
of 1851, 9s 2d to Os 4d ; 1850,9 s 4d to Os 6d per gallon. Geneva
is still quoted at 28 8d to 3s 21 ; corn spirits are firm, at 108 8d
per gallon.
POTATOES—The supplies having fallen off, the demand is
steady, and prices have an upward tendency. York Regents,
110 s to 150 s; Scotch ditto, 1008 to 1208; Irish whites, 95s to
100 s per ton.
SMITHFIELD—Our market has been very firm this week,
as follows:—Beef, from Is 2d to 4s Gd; mutton, Is 6d to 5s 2d;
lamb, 5s 6d to 7s; veal, 4. 6d to be 8d; pork, Is 4d to 4s 8d
per bibs to sink the offals.
NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL—The general demand
has been rather active, at our quotations. Beef, from 3s to
4s 2d; mutton, 3s 2d to 4s 6d; lamb, 58 4d to 6s Bd ; veal
4s 2d to 5s 4d; pork, 3s 4d to 4s 8d per Albs by the carcase.
London, England, 1854-05-06

cess. He could not help expressing his surprise at
finding the Government at present coming forward
for a loan of 6,000,000/. after they had themselves
but a few weeks before announced their determine
tion to meet the expenses of the war out of the reve-
nue of the year. It would be vain for them to say
that they proposed to repay that sum in the years
1858-50-60. They could not possibly say what
means they might then possess of redeeming that
pledge, and the present Chancellor of the Exchequer
was the last man who ought to hazard any predic-
tion upon such a point. The very fact that they
were prepared to contract an obligation which might
become so embarrassing only contributed to in-
crease the deep alarm with which he viewed our
financial condition at the outbreak of a great war.
After a few words from the Earl of DONOVOR-
YORE,
Earl GRANVILLE defended the policy of the Go-
vernment on a number of minute points discussed
by the preceding speakers.
Their lordships then went into committee on the
bill, and agreed to its several clauses.
RAILWAY REGULATION BILL.
Mr. Cardwell's much-amended bill for regulating
the traffic on railways and canals was brought for-
ward for committal on Thursday. Much complaint
was made, however, that the new measure had only
been printed a few hours, and that members had not
had time to consider it. Mr. Disnwria contended that
the bill was so materially changed as to have become
a new measure, which ought properly to be reintro-
duced de novo. Considerable time was spent in de-
termining whether the bill should be held over, and
a motion for adjourning the debate was carried to a
division, but negatived by a large majority. The
discussion on the principle of the bill then continued,
a great number of members taking part in it.
Mr. CARDWELL, in replying, defended his bill,
many of the objections to which, he observed, were
of so confl►cting a character that they neutralised
one another. By his amended hill two provisions
were introduced. First, the duties of railway com-
panies towards the public were defined, and the
obligation imposed upon them so to adjust their
traffic as to accommodate at once the convenience of
travellers and of one another. Secondly, the mea-
sure provided a simple and effectual means for
securing the practical accomplishment of these ob-
jects, by giving to every person who might find him-
self aggrieved the power of appeal to the constituted
legal tribunals. He submitted that his bill was cal-
London, England, 1854-05-06

LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 0, 1854.

WE receive with hearty gratification the intel-
ligence of the bombardment of Odessa, con-
firmed in both Houses of Parliament last night.
At last the thunder of ourguns has been heard,
and, if we do not greatly mistake, it will pos-
sess infinitely greater power of persuasion for
the Emperor NICHOLAS than the slavish defer-
ence of Lord ABERDEEN, or the gentle amenity
of our Foreign Secretary. Whether it will be
possible to carry on the war with that respect
for private interests and property which has
been manifested thus far is questionable ; but
it is extremely satisfactory to learn that, while
the Russian fortifications and ships-of-war at
Odessa have been destroyed by the fire of our
ships, with very inconsiderable loss on our
side, the town of Odessa has been scrupu-
lously respected. When the advices left
the allied fleets had sailed for Sevastopol !
On the Danube the masterly dispositions
of OMER PACHA seem to have been attended
with considerable success; and it is now
apparent that, had we in a high-principled
spirit engaged in the war at an earlier period,
Russia would at this time have been an eager
suppliant for peace. Our power requires only to
be wielded by a vigorous hand to bring the
contest to an honourable and speedy conclu-
sion ; but, as timidity and vacillation have led
to it, only courage and firmness can bring
it to a successful conclusion.

THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY BILL.
JESUITISM itself never took advantage of a
popular cry to crush liberty with more
adroitness than the framers of the Oxford
Bill have attempted to destroy the free
character of the University by pretended zeal
for its reform. The main principle of the
measure is so insidiously enveloped in a
multitude of details apparently unimportant
that we are not surprised at its having
hitherto failed to attract much notice. A
waggish politician once said that the line of
succession to the Crown might be changed by
the introduction of a slily-framed clause in a
turnpike act. The authors of this bill hope
to revolutionise our character and Church
by a new mode of electing the Hebdomadal
Board. Names are to be altered as little
as possible ; the object to be attained is to
be approached by stealthy steps ; and the
" advancement of religion and learning " is to
be made a pretence for corrupting one and
narrowing the other. If the success of our
University Reformers should not be equal to
their hopes, it will be because there is in Par-
liament a body of independent opinion too
acute and too honest to be influenced by any
of those fraudulent motives which are arrayed
in support of the measure.
London, England, 1854-05-06

THE PRESS.

It coquets with Exeter-hall, and it whispers
with Maynooth. It alternately flatters and
falters so much that we cannot see whether the
wind in Downing•street is blowing towards
Canterbury or the Vatican. There is no reason
why, after having made Mr. lizoos its Solici-
tor-General in Ireland, rank of a similar kind
may not be conferred on Mr. T. CHAMBERS. It
would only be in keeping with the anomalous
character of the Cabinet to give official pro-
motions for Romish extravagance in Ireland
and for Protestant zeal in England, sympa-
thising with the cry of " No Protestants ! " at
Athlone, and of "No Nunneries !" at Hert-
ford.

But, in the meanwhile, Ireland may well
ask what, besides giving places to renegade
agitators, has this Ministry done for its social
improvement? It takes up Irish questions,
discusses some, and decides on none of them.
After having scattered about places and pro-
mises with equal recklessness, it is probable
that the result of its legislative measures for
the improvement of Ireland will be registered
as " Nil."
London, England, 1854-05-06

Advertisements sent from the country must be accompanied by a
remittance or a reference for payment in town.

Irts :ITvgxl+

LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 6, 1854.

POSTSCRIPT.

HOUSE OF LORDS.—FRTDAY.
In answer to a question from Lord Clanricarde,
The Earl of CLARENDON made a similar statement
respecting the bombardment of Odessa to that made
in the Commons.
Lord REDESDALE having complained of the attack
made by the press on the Duke of Cambridge,
The Duke of NEWCASTLE vindicated the conduct of
his Royal Highness. He had acted all along upon
instructions from the Government., and manifested
the greatest eagerness to fulfil his duties.
London, England, 1854-09-02

SEPTEMBER 2, 1854.

PROFESSOR ScHELuxo died on the 20th ult. at
gacote Switzerland, at the age of 79. He was
the ntemporary of Kant, Fichte, and Hegel, and
last living representative of their great school of
philosophy.
THE distribution of prize medals to Munich exhi-
bitors took place on the 10th of August. The total
number of these medals amounted to 207, that of
exhibitors to 0,588 ; so that the proportion is as
nearly as possible 4 per cent.
SEVENTEEN THOUSAND POUNDS is to be paid to
Madame Grisi and Signor Mario for a six months'
engagement in the United States. They will sing
throe nights a week. Half the sum has been paid
in advance.
THE NEW YORK CRYSTAL PALACE directors have
held a meeting, and authorised their president to sell
the entire palace, gas fixtures, iron fence, and all the
property of the association, deliverable on or after
the Ist of November next, for one-half its actual
cost, which is understood to have been about 700,000
dollars.

THE ST. JAMES'S THEATRE will reopen for dramatic
performances towards the close of the month. The
enterprise is under the management of Mrs. Sey.
mour, and Miss Glyn is among the leading engage-
ments.
LAST week the number of visitors to the Sydenham
Crystal Palace was 56,522, including the season-
ticket-holders. The amount received for admissions
was 3,0781. Bs. 4d.

attitsiastital.

PREFERMENTS AND APPOINTMENTS.

- - -
The Rev. N. Davies, M.A., to the Rectory of West Leaden, near '
Rougham, Norfolk.
The Rev. J. H. Stephenson, MA., to a Rural Deanery in the
diocese of Bath and Wells.
The Rev. W. L. Smith, MA., to be Chaplain to the Brackley
Union.
The Rev. Arthur Fane, to the Prebend or Canonry of Yates.
bury, in the Cathedral Church of Sarum.
The Rev. Edward Fanshawe Glanville, M.A., to the District
Perpetual Curacy of Tideford, Cornwall.
The Rev. Thomas Mackreth, 8.D., to be Honorary Canon of
the Cathedral Church, Manchester.
The Rev. Samuel Cresewell, M.A., and the Rev. David Whalley,
M.A., to be Surrogates for the Archdeaconry of Nottingham.
The Rev. C. Hensley, M.A., to the Vicarage of Cabouru, Lin-
colnshire.
The Rev. George William Murray, M.A., to the Rectory of
Welton-le-Wold, near Louth, Lincolnshire.
The Rev. Lewis Furnell Clarkson, M.A., to the Rectory of
Molesworth, near Kimbolton, Huntingdonehire.
The following appointments have been made in the united
diocese of Cork, Cloyne, and ROB 9 :—Rev. Robert Norcott, to the
Diocesan Curacy; Rev. Henry Hampton Jones, Curacy of Christ
Church; Rev. Alexander Waring, Curacy of Innoshaunon; Rev.
James Richard Martin, Curacy of Timoleague; Rev. Richard
Henry Mitchell, Curacy of Faratiy ; Rev. James Chas. M`Cheane,
Curacy of Fanlobbus ; Rev. Sidney L. Cousins, Curacy of Bere.
haven; Rev. Henry Thomas Wilmot, Curacy of Carrigaline ;
Rev. George Gustavus Morton, Curacy of Newmarket; Rev.
Richard Henry Cotter, Curacy of Dononghmore; Rev. John
Cooke, Chaplaincy of Franktield.