The Express.
London, England, 1855-10-19 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 1A

Sort of our readers were probably surprised, or
even perplexed, at the column of extracts from trans-
Atlantic newspapers which appeared in our paper
of the 16th inst. That the news of the fall of Sebas-
topol should have been received with enthusiasm in
Canada, is surprising to nobody. Not only is the very
ems of loyalty always to be found in a loyal colony
(and there is no colony more loyal than Canada), bat
the Canadians have earned for themselves the pdvi-
loges of the strongest sympathy in the great eases by
their noble contributions of money and offers of men.
But the excitement in the United States must be un-
intelligible to Englishmen who have paid no parti-
cular attention to American affairs of late, and still
MOM to those who have tried to uoderstand American
affairs from a distant*, without having opportunities
of close and immediate observation of the foreign
relations of the United States. It will not need a
long discourse to show why there is so strange a re-
vulsion of feeling in the American cities on hearing
of the fall of Sebastopol, and especially why the
emotion of surprise appears to be so strong as it is.
The New York Herold, the pro slavery and anti-
bemired*a paper, and therefore the paper which
hes booked the Curt throughout the conflict, gives
its account of the rejoicings in the briefest space,
ascribing the jubilations, by implication, to the pre-
NOM of English and French merchants, and to the
free see of champagne on the occasion. The New
York Thwes imam an article which is highly sug-
gestive to those who would understand American
feeling on this occasion. It gives an account of the
Ramis of twe years since, which it evidently supposes
to be unquestionable; and that amount represents
Russia as " the most powerful and isfluential go-
vernment in Strops." " Its navy," we are told,
" constructed on the moat stupendous and
approved smile, crowded the Baltic, and ma-
Ecouvred within the horizon of Constantinople.
Its armies amounted to a million of well disciplined
and provided troops. The art of fortification was
reputed to have achieved its utmost in defending
every approachable point on the coast. No treasury
was mare plethoric--so credit so dear to capitalists.
Its external commerce of export and import was
moue; and the progress of internal development rapid
and magnificent." In this style the paper peaces& ;
but we have quoted enough to show what notions are
entertained in the Met enlightened part of the
United States about the finances, the commerce, and
the civilisation of Ramis. The existence*, such
notions may account for the excessive surprise occa-
sioned by the fall of Sebastopol. Is the prevalence
of such a view of Russian supremacy we find a con-
firmation of expositions that we have gives from time
to time of the policy of the Caere in regard to the
United Stake.

The Americans have hitherto believed that they
knew more about Russia than any other people, be-
cause they have more Russians among them. In
feet, Realism swarm ia all the States, sad especi-
ally in the most enlighteaed, which take the
lead in polities, and in the Slave States of
the first rank, whose pi:Sealer hoodoo it is to keep
is cheek the constitutional republicanism of the
North, and who amass themselves, in the intervals of
business, with planning the separation of Canada
(with its twenty thousand of fugitive slaves and their
progeny) from England, and its annexation to the
States. To such listeners Russians (some tithes the
CZAR'S "own correspondents") talk constantly and
effectively of Russian greatness, influence, weelth,
civilisation, and so forth. They now and than direct
the steps of young Americans, sager to travel before
settling in life, to St. Petersburg, where they some-
how happen to see the CLIII, and to be enchanted by
the confidences of the Euratom and the undies tithe
Princesses. They see a few sights, selected for them
by the CZAR himself, and hear what suits hie purpose
of his resources, and his position among the nations.
These travellers, and his own agents in the States,
send him valuable men—engineers, surgeons, com-
mercial captains, and others—every one of
whom is bound to justify his acceptance
of office by praise of his new country
and employer, at the same time that his
countrymen are eager to believe the most flourish-
ing amounts he can send, because their natural
vanity in their youthful republic is gratified by the
notice and flattery of the nighty Muscovy which
fllis now so large a space in the maps of the world.
Till Sebastopol fell, the scheme answered weeder-
folly well. The Amerkass did not and Gould not
deny, any more than the Nets reek Doily Tina
does now, that the aim of the Cure was to absorb
Turkey ; but they regarded it mach se they regard
their own annexations, the policy and method of
which, indeed, they might seem to have learned from
Ramis. They appear hardly to have doubted for a
moment that Russia wee rare of having all bar own
way; and the perpetual influx of Remiss accounts
of the war seems to have blinded them to the truth,
till it could be kept back no longer. The unrelieved
adversity of the Russians oe the Danube was bet upon
them, while their advance into the Dobradscha was
regarded almost as a oonqueet. The American
papers treated the bombardment of Odessa ins a ems-
pamioaate tone, se a failure of the Allies; and were
beginning to pity them for attempting Bolnanand,
when oar mean there convinced them that Bomar-
sand was of no consequent,. to Ramis. hie not
much to be wondered at that they found it bard to
believe in the French and English alliance, or in the
reality of French championship of national rights and
European liberties, while FMK* henalt hn ae
rights or liberties to boast of within Ye etes baba
As we have observed, their own eatieed pdhv rat
territorial aggrandiseessat weld sot but liege deb
feelings to that of the Cum. Their Baba,/ ea Ills
eternal task of defending their " peculiar beiliallsa.
from the vexatious ecionmeate of the wedinitild die
generate a sensation of relief in latmeneve with the
proprietor of millions of serfs. wale slavery exists
in America, sad Russians Owed le Amish= as.
eiety, there will always be mei empathy lie di
Casa afloat is the great mgdffie than in all the
monarchies of Europe.
All this may be very tree, some will think; bet
why should the Czars take all this tremble about
American opinion P Can there be aims eihskia,
policy serious enough to justify all this mistigiscaed
painstaking ? Certainly there ars. The Withal
facts of the ease prove the eadeasuir.sad the salsa-
'OW points to the oiliest. We have before beim,*
lion to draw attention *the fast that there has ban
• a constant coincidence between outbreaks of pew
slavery fanaticism in America and revelations,:
movements it &tom sad we showed that the scar
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Innporary evidence convicts the aneseneve Csans,
having thus found employment fee the Agonies* at
hem whenever their aid ems mat Avoca 14410.
Inseal man in Europe. During the agitations in
Germany and Italy in 1819 and 1820, the Otero
Asatrormy we roused and aggravated by Rus-
sian Mame. Daring the Frenoh revolution
Ir _ _ -

1811 and the suppression of Poland the
year aape, the nullification struggle was going
an is the United States. Daring the European cop-
ilots of 1848 and 1849, the Americans were passing
thsktihsitive Slave Bill, and letting their Constitu-
tion hewer-ridden by their own deepots of the South
M thermeghly as that of Poland washy the great po-
tentate of the North. Finally, while the Eastern ques-
tion was reaching its crisis, the Nebraska Bill occu-
pied the politicians and the public of the United
States; and now it is becoming more and more
dear every day that the Americans cannot aid any
Mod some abroad till they have settled those &e-
-litism about slavery at home which the Ours keep
One for their own purposes among a people who
should be by this time perceiving what tools they are
made by the most anti-republican power on earth.
The Curs have other objects too. The coroner-
dal abilities and accomplishments of the Americans
are valuable to Russia. At this time, Reeds has not
ealy bought up all the saltpetre in the United States,
bat all that there will be for some time to oome.
Asert and ammunition from America are
bows to have been smuggled in all round her fron-
tier. It is important to Russia to obtain captains of
industry from America, in proportion to her difficul-
ties in obtaining them from other free countries.
Reagan territory in the other hemisphere is separated
from British by only an arbitrary line, below which
it is separated only by Oregon from American terri-
tory. The desire of the Southern States foe the
acquisition of Canada is a ground of strong sympathy
between the slave-holders and the great serf-owner.
It is true, the sympathy most end in collision, sooner
or later; and the stronger is therefore the reseal why
the Czars should keep the Americans on their side
as long as possible. There are other explanations
than these of the trouble taken by Russia to propitiate
the Americans, and keep them at the Resides point of
view of the war; but those which we have given
will serve as well as more to set our readers thinking.
Not a few wise and patriotic Americans see thumb
the whole scheme, and duly appreciate the grime
of it. As for the rest—the interested, the ignorant,
the careless, and the vain—they roust be roomed by
the event of the campaign, and may have their eyes
opened, if they wish for light. Meantime, these con-
siderations may account for the astonishment of oar
transatlantic, cousins at a catastrophe which most
people imagined they had been expecting for •
twelveincoth. Now that they find that the Russians
can give ground, their best friends will hope that
tbsir will Ink bask two years, so as to convince
theaselves that the R.1•11111011have never won a battle,
Thus the Tanks alone or from the Allies; and es far
ihreesed se to determine, free front Russian bin,
width di is the quarrel should command the
sympathies et a republic of strong democratic pew
tensions.