The Express.
London, England, 1855-01-09 00:00:00

THE PARIS UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION.

(mom :xi arms'. cosizero
zuwe.)

OP TIM DAILY

PARIS, 31. N. 6.

THE SYSTEM OP VIJAINUELVALAVA.
I am now enabled to lay before your readers an'
account of the system of classification adopted by the
Imperial Commission, with a view to the convenience
of the international juries. The commissioners de-
clare that they have set aside all those philosophical
classifications of human industry_ which have been
put forward from time to time. Their aim has been
to furnish the public and the international juries with
the means of appreciating the relative merits of the
objects exhibited. In carrying out this labour; the
commissioners have large 4 profited by the experience
of our Royal Commissioners of 18.51. Titus the com-
missioners have been led to group in each department
of industry, not only the products it contributes to
commerce, but also the raw material upon which
it works, and the instruments it uses. With
regard to those industries which are rivals
in the elaboration of one product, those have
been brought together which by the nature of things,
or by the speciality of the people engaged in them,
exhibit an intimate affinity; while, on the other
hand, those which are carried on in different locali-
ties, or occupy different people of distinct specialities,
have been separated. Nor have the above rules been
strictly adhered to. In order not to multiply infi-
nitely the sub-divisions, and not to break up too
minutely the labours of the international juries,
has been necessary to unite in one class industries
which in their means and result exhibit even marked
differences. Thus the number of divisions adopted
by the Royal Commission of London has been nearly
adhered to. The commissioners have also united
eertain classes in groups, of which the juries would
poem • general knowledge. From the above
wales special convenience has induced the commis-
sioners to wander in more than one instance. Thus
the machines used in many industries have not
hen classed with the sole consideration that they
should be judged by juries having special knowledge
of their use ; they have been separated from the raw
material and the manufactured product to which
they belong, in the first place to avoid the want of
order and harmony which would have been the result
of their contiguity, and in the second place that the
machines requiring motive power might be grouped
together.
The following is an outline of the classification :
FIRST 11l SIMON—PRODUCTION 8 OF INDUSTRY.
FIRST Cinotm.—lndustries which extract or pro-
duce raw material.
First Class: The arts of mining—metallurgy.
Second Claes: Field arts—bunting, fishing, and the
collection of products obtained without culture.
Third Clue : Agriculture (comprising the culture of
the vegetable and animal kingdoms).
SECOND GROCP.—lndustries, the special object of
which is the use of mechanical power.
Fourth Class: Mechanism generally, as applied io
industry. Fifth Class: Machinery, specially adapted
to railways, or to other modes of transport. S•xth
Class: Machinery, specially adapted to workshops
enerally. Seventh Class: Machinery and tools for
the manufacture of textile fabrics.
TUIRD GROUP.—lndustries, specially based upon
the use of physical or chemical agents, or related to
the sciences or to education. _ .

Eighth Class: The arts of precision—...__
related to the sciences or to education. Ninth Class
Industries connected with the economic use of heat,
light, and electricity. Tenth Class : The chemical
arts, dying and printing; manufactures of papers,
skins, end India rubber, &c. Eleventh Class: The
preparation and preservation of alimentary sub-
stances.
Foram Geour.—lndustries related to the learned
professions.
Tit elftii Class : Hygiene, pharmacy, medicine and I
surgery. Thirteenth Class: Maritimo and Mill
tary Arts. Fourteenth Class : Civil engineering.
Fifteenth Class : Steel manufactures.
Firm Gaour.—Mineral products and manufac-
tares. 1
Sixteenth Class: Metal manufactures of ordinary
Workmanship. Seventeenth Class : Goldsmith's,
work, jewellery, artistic bronzes. Eighteenth Clara :
Glass and ceramic manufactures.
SUCTU Ouour.—Textile manufactures.
Nineteenth Class: Cotton manufactures. Twentieth
Class : Worsted manufactures. Twenty-first Class :
Silk manufactures. Twenty-second Class: Hemp
sad flax manufactures. Twenty-third Class: Car
pets, lace, embroidery, hosiery, &c.
SEYENTII CROUP.-- Fuinituro and decoration,
industrial designs, printing, music.
Twenty-fourth Class: Industries relating to furni-
ture and decoration. Twenty-fifth Class: Manu-
facture of clothing, fashion, fancy articles. Twenty-
sixth ChM : Drawing and modelling applied to
industry; letter-press, copper-plate, and photo-
graphio printing, &c. Twenty-seventh Class:
Ilanufactui e of musical instrumeuts.
SECOND DIVISION—FINE ARTS.
EIGUTU GROUP. Fine arts. Twenty-eighth
Class : Painting, engraving, and lithography.
Twenty-ninth Cie= : Sculpture and medals. Thir-
tieth Class: Architecture.
The Imperial Commissioners have added some
useful notca to the foregoing classifications. Foreign
committees are advised to send with eech ems dot u-
aunts relative to the production and diffusion of the
several products included in it. Such documents
will be deposited with the class to which they refer ;
and if the committees pay proper attention to this
most useful suggestion, Sk ill form materials for a most
comprehensive report on the actual state of the
industry of the civilised world. I would specially
direct the attention of our English local committees
to this recommendation—let Manchester, and Glee-
gow, and Paisley, and Leeds, and Liverpool, furnish
to the Imperial Commission careful and minute
reports of their commercial and industrial activity.
Each exhibitor is invited to send, with his goods,
descriptions and statistics which may aid tho autho-
rities in their classification or the juries in their
reports. He is also asked to state the steam power
he ; the number, and time of work, of his work-
men ; the genets which he produces, but which he has
not been able to exhibit; and the average annual
amount of goods produced in his establishment.
laid down for the guidance of ex-

Other rules are
bibitors, but these are neither novel-nor interesting don, in ballast, W.I. driv'in on shore in the aurrlrrius of late
to the general public. nigh., between Hirtshals and Robertsknout, has lose her
With regnrd to the second division, 1 may remark Jan. 2. anAiinsjr:lits,bvlV frowrareetkh;e jeit,Zn cr:dg—ai lieri"g,
that the I,sperial Commissioners have decided that ,at .> St. Vincent's leaky, and with pumps out of owlet!"
prices shall not be affixed to pictures; but that a re- Liverpool, Jan. 6. Stranger, of NVittport, Tis,,mas Husby,
gioter shall be kept in the galleries contdoirig a list from G,thenburg to London, was stranded at Tenceliing,
of pricer, to which visitors may refer. Jan 1, acid has broken up; crew landed; materials ex-
Nextfhwetedtot. beit,mvsettl ;tuner! (oats) all lost, and drifting aloug
Monday the commissioners will be prepared
to receive goods; and the Palace will be open for the SIUPHENTS cr WOOL' ' .
OP PROM AUSTRALIA.—Measre.
reception of goods up to midnight on the 15th of James Baines aud Co. have received a letter from their
March next. Thus six entire weeks will be given up A„,,,,e„ ~
ag,.,,,, announcing that they have mode ar-
to the arrangement of the Exhibition and the preps- reopen:en:6 to slip 2,00 bales of wool diner to Liverpool,
ration of the catalogues. at the rate of 300 bales every three weeks.—Liverpool
I may now describe the arrangements made by Albifft•
the imperial commissioners for the protection of THE FORTHCOMING HILARY TERM. —Yesterday
the lists of the arrears of business in the Common Law
designers and inventors. These regulations are both
Courts for the forthcoming Hilary Term, commencing on
liberal and effective. Tkondey next, were published in the offices of he several
Every exhibitor, inventor, or proprietor of a new routs. There is a marked improvement in tis lists with
/instruct litsue. Int machine, process, or design, not patented, who shall respect to cases, showing an increase of business compared
thet Queen's Bench, in the new
make a demand to the Imperial Commissioners before that
or within s month after the opening of the Exhibt- tarmu..,1:1617, ilni.tit
lisp re's! paper,l3dn
ignelilellidogginecetu sod„,2tBbef°rer
are'-!for judgment and 20 for argument, and of enlarged
tion, may obtain a certificate, that will assure to him
his property in the object exbibited,and the exclusive rules there are 16, making a total of 70 rules. In the C=-
privilege of dispostng of it during a year, dating from mon Tress;P the total is only 29 rules, e reietlng of 3 co-
-1 a: g eudt
T:
entered.
petemproteyr 7:peter:lli
the let of May, 1855, without prejudice to the patent 'Bfor nelfroutitiales'Cles;Voef lacgea"' and
17
which the inventor may takeout so the ordinary way berm is 61. There are 13 rules in the
within this period. Every demand for one of these in the species paper and of new trials, 4 for judgment, and
certificates should be accompanied by an exact 23 for argument. The total of the three courts is 150 rules.
description, and, where necessary, by drawings, of The increase of busbies, is partly attributed to the °etre-
Boa of the two Comma Law Procedure Acts.
the object to be protected. All these demands, and
undergo.. the necessary examinations the decisions arrived at respecting them, are kept in ROYAL COLLEGE OP SURCEONS.—The following
a register, which will be ultimately forwarded' to the Pathogen bonin
tr?lret.ut`lettelltplgomfa. wan
e.
natdmiette.dx
am•mnebt:
Ministry of Agriculture, Commerce, and Public rsonolet icol"e "
Works, to be referred to, as legal proof of exhi- mum. (NUiani'll A':„,, iiirrisluarmy ; William:llZZ
biters' property in their new inventions, processes, army; Alfred Joseph Lumley Hepworth, army; Roberti
and designs. These certificates will be given gra- George Hardwick, Leeds; nouns Howard Stews:l.l
tuitously. Plymouth ; Charles Francis Hippolite De Niesiville Cliftea,l
near Bristol; Charles Frederick Horns, Truro, eurnwejli'
OR the whole it may be said that the regulations Riitirt, cohard Staines Davey, Weimer; Chatobre Hobert Corker
eseady snide by the Imperial Commission, are satin- vMiddlesex Hospital; Chow Kennett Poole. If..
factory ; in reference to foreign exhibitors they :re, East India Company's Service. Beep); Herdßilsmall.
in many instances, most liberal. Of the competition Herne Hill, Dulwich; and Edward Long Jacob, e....:1".•
hisreveixonisreitosin
admitted
itntzala suergtoner.ofTbie
of the juries I shall treit in my next communication • Hospital. At the same meeting of the esint, Mr. Jaime
but I may at once state, that the syileits under which
gYOutli men bad
they are to be composed, appears to be fair. In the college,e his diploma) beariyeg date 3rd May, Went!
composition of juries for special purpo,es, there is Alfred Septimus Pratt and William Pratt also passed their
I always a grave point to be guarded against. It has axamiateions for naval aasiatant surgeons.

NAVAL AND MILITARY.

ADMIRALTY, hit. B.—PROMOTION.—Lied. M'L
B. Cockcroft (1844), promoted to ths rank of Commander.
APPOlNTKB247ll.—Commander R. D. Whits (1847), to
the Desperate, 8, screw ream-sloop, of 400 horse-power, at

Lieut. J. S. Randle (1839), to the Impregnable, 104.
liag-strip, at Dewlaps:mt.

No MORE GROWING LADS WANTED.—The fol-
lowing circular has been issued for the guldens. of recruiting
pettiest—. ROM Guards, Jan. 6,1865.—1 t being very
desirable that the recruits enlisted for the infantry should
be of sufficient age and strength to enter immediately upon
their daties as soldiers, the General Commanding-ln•Cuief

directs that, until further orders, no recruit of the class of
growing lads be received below the age of 17 years.—By
commend, G. A. WITHERALL. A.G."

Parties of recruits pass through Southampton
daily for the military depots in the Isle of Wight and in the
Channel Islands. They are escorted by staff sergeants, and
chiefly come from the north of England. There are more
English than Irish among them, sad ars not exactly the
pick of the country, hut they have in them the stuff of
which capital soldiers may be mods. They are young,
strong, intelligent, and plucky. About 100 -aralry recruits
passed through Southampton on Saturday to the westward;
also a troop of the 13th leght Dragoons.

The Admiralty will receive tenders on the 9th hist'
for the conveyance of 400 tons of Ordisanee MOM (shut, Ste )'
to Malta.

The Ripon arrived et Malta on the 30th from Con-
itiatinopla with invalids for Ragland direct. On her
arrival, however, her destination was of a sudden changed.
The troop. disembarked, and the ship was ordered to pro-
end to Marseilles for the conveyance of French troops.
On board the Ripon was the body of the late Genera;
Adams, which was disembarked. Her passergers, were—
Colonel Maitland, the Earl of Cardigan, Colonel Bradford,
Major Wralehon, Captains Wright, M`Dougall, Ellice,
Croft, Warren, Leikenburg, and Robertson ; Lieutenants
Bund, R.N., and Lcwi.rise ; Dr. Blakecy ; Ensigns An-
daman and Riley; Quartermaster Niimlane, with 170 rank
and file.

The Saladio, laden with.a large number of wooden
boosts fur the French troops in the Crimea, left South-
script in yesterday, towed by the Wllliana M'Cormack,
steamer. A delay of a day cf two is her getting away
areas from the difficulty of gAting hinds, in consequence
of the articles they had to sign lying Car two years, pre-
aided the ship is wanted co long in the Black S. The
bete., steamer, Black Bey, left Sluthampton also yesterday
with 80 'stollen huts far the English troops in the Crimea.
A sapper from the Santhampton Ordnince-office and a
number of elrpenters hem Gloucester, who are expert at
putting up the hon es, have gone out in the Black Boy.
Above 100 boxes an 1 packages weighing 4or 6 tons, con-
sisting of comforts sod luxuries for Erglish offizers and
soldiers in the Crimea and at Scutari, most of which have
been collected by Mr. B. D. Blip:a, of Southampton, have
been ient out is the Black Boy.

A fine iron screw steam-ship, tamed the Pt opeller,
of 750 tons, was hunched test weak from tho building-yard
of Mr. T. D. Marshall, of Shields. It is expected whet
she is ready her first voyage will he to Balaklava, with
materials fur the proposed railway in the Crimes. .