The Express.
London, England, 1855-08-28 00:00:00

WARNING TO PASSENGERS ON THE DANUBE.

A British general officer lately accompanied his
family, on their way towards Vienna, in one of the beauti-
fully fitted steamers on the American model. Beyond the
first-class fares, a cabin of two beds was secured for the
ladies, at the regular price. Finding the first place dormi-
tory more redolent of garlic than pleued him, the gentle-
man asked whether he could have a cabin for that night?
The answer was, that all the regular cabins were let, but
that the first machinist, being on duty, would give up his
little cabin. The space of it was about seven feet by four-
and a-half, and this commodious space war occupied by the
passenger for just seven hours, after which he found it
locked from within, as an unmistakeable hint that his
tenancy was at an end. On enquiring what gratuity was
usual, the answer was, that eighteen florins, money of con-
I vention-30s. starling—was the claim, as the tariff of the
company only restrained its employers from letting their
claims at • higher rata than that fixed for the regular
cabins. The money was paid under protest, and • formal
complaint lodged in the proper quarter; but what hope
of redress against extortion has any class of English-
men in Austria? In answer to the plea that where
there was no special pre-agreement, • moderate com-
pensation was all that should be expected, and not a maxi-
mum rate unknown to the suffering party, and that the
price of a regular cabin fer two persons, and for twice the
distance, would have been twelve florins ; the cheat
was justified on the grounds that the tariff was assumed to
be publicly known (as if the Salons of the Danube Steam
Navigation Compute could make laws binding upon all the
world), and further sanctioned by the assurance that the
passenger might have kept possession of the cabin, if he had
chosen, to the sod of the proposed voyage; and this in the
teeth of the commencing facts, that the cabin was taken for
one night only, cod its tenant for the night virtually evicted
the next morning! Thirty shillings for permission to lie in
• coffin during seven hours, without the possibility of sleep-
ing. in company with • hundred trumpetting guats. Beery
passenger is not so amply provided with money as to bear the
fine of 11. 10s for having his blood sucked, " for one night
only." by 'spoon vampires ; but every passenger so mulcted
should deem himself fortunate that the company has not
yet bested any law for an ad libitum charge for the watch-
mosquitoes. They would be relatively cheap at • florin
a-piece ; and fifty of them are sure to work.

The Kentish Gazette has the following :—" BROAD-
STAINA.—Our watering place was the scene of mach excite-
ment on the 15th inst., in consequence of the marriage of
the Rev. W. H. Plummer, of Margate, to Harriet, the
youngest daughter of the late Robert Brown, Etq., and one
of the elder brethren of the Trinity House. Mr. Brown
was a native of this place, which he, together with his
brother, left at an early age, and they became the archi-
tects of their own fortunes. During the last wee he became
a large shipowner, having at one time a fleet of 47 sail of trans-
ports at Lisbon. He was very liberal to his poorer brethren.
A great number of visitors are now staying here, and among
them are some distinguished persons. The salubrity of the
air and its fine bathing are but part of its attraction. The
boatmen are very civil, and are Ant-rate hands."
Amongst the ger. for Lisbon who left
Southampton yestergrei: the Peninsular mail packet
Tagus was Sir Richard Pakenbam, the British ambassador
to Portugal.
THE CHOLERA AT FLORENCE.—The following is
an extract from a late letter from Florence The cholera
is raging bed here. There are 200 cues a day, which is a
good deal, and of coerce most of them die. They have,
however, turned up a wretched Madonna, who has not
been uncovered since the plains, and it has done, se • matter
of must, immense harm. et the priest. have it all their
own way."

'be Oxanexili•

"11l Wparai0r,.........
111141111210w1i lalstokri tat " The Inteuk." Larks Itylabg teptir,
nut le at/atthe 01110. IS, Ileaverkmitest. by Two desist* ea Ye
Sy at tleatics.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tun D&T-Menial. A. I. Altonsoce. 21%. 445.
U.rouoir —Mania& Mt.Nis Aftemoome 1114 2111.

LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 2S.

Air Austrian that has east mbar in the Bay of
Naples. Two Austrian ships of war—one a steamer—
are riding off Castelkusere i and four—two of them
steamers—a» in the harbour of Naples. This is the
sopa of the rem:est:sass addressed by the Austrian
Goverassest to the Ling of Nartits, on the error of
hie ways, to which we called attention at the 11th
inst. The present state of Italy has :iodised Austria
fidgety sad apprehensive. Hews it comes that she
is literals' her military fares in Lombardy and
the Venetian territories, to prevent any rising
there, and to be in roe/Bases to suppress
?lisp in any other Italian State. And
hews it comes that a fleet is seat to tie
up the bands of her crazy pritlyi, the Bing of
Nevus, who seems bent upon provoking insurrec-
tions in his territories. The friendly controllers of
the madman who is now giving free mope to his fan-
tastic humours in the kingdom of the Two Bicilies,
have not arrived a moment too soon. From insulting'
and maltreating private individuals—natives and
foreigure—his cresturee have proceeded to provoke
eollisioes with Governments; and their first insult
of this kind has been directed against the senior
attache of the British embassy at Naples. It will
require all the "soft sawder of Lord Joan Rus-
szu.'s friends at Vienna to prevail upon Bing
Boons to make such an asseide hoao►abte as it
will be consistent with the dignity of the British
Government to accept. _ . _

It is not without cause that the Austrian Govern-1
went views with anxiety the present aspect of affair'
in Italy. Such politicians as are not in the habit of
allowing the newest novelty to efface all remem-
brance of preceding events will recollect what was
the state of public opinion in Irma' when Pio NONO
ascended the Papal throne. The practical reformers
who, at the instigation of BALBO, Oloar.an, and
D'Azzouo, had emancipated themselves from the
secret associations, were busily at work, seeking to
effect such ameliorations, social and political, as
were attainable under the existing Governments.

The simultaneous adoption of a more liberal policy
by the Governments of Piedmont, Rome, and Tus-
cany, imparted a national character to the isolated
efforts of the practical reformers in these states, and
indeed throughout Italy. The instinct of the people
taught them truly that so long as foreign influence
predominated in Italy nothing could be accom-
plished, and hence the idea of an Italian League, or
Confederation. Insurrections in Lombardy and the
Neapolitan dominions accelerated the march of
events. Italy found itself involved in a war
with the foreigner before any confederation of
its principal states could he formed, and whilst
hostilities were actually in progress between Sicily
and Naples. The only Italian Government that stood
true to the cause of Italy was that of Piedmont,
which was betrayed and deserted by the other
Princes of the Peninsula, and thwarted and hampered
by the bulk of the extreme liberals. Austria
triumphed, and the cause of Italian unity and inde-
pendence was for the time stricken down.

But this reverse has had, at least, the good effect
of materially simplifying the politics of the Pau*.
Wm. They who dreamed of a Federal Italy
were divided between the claims of the Pots
and of the ling of SARDINIA to be President of
the Confederation. The course pursued by Pio
Novo—in accordance with the views of the Sawed
College of Cardinals—has put the. former out of the
question. The Roman Government, when it plead
itself coder the protection of the tramontane powers,
and declared that the independence and good govern-
ment of Italy was es dust in the balance when
weighed against the perpetuation of priestly misrule,
taught every Italian that the continuance of the se-
cular power of the POPES was incompatible with the
liberty and good government of his country.
Again, the falsehood and chicanery by which
the Governments of Rome, Tuscany, Naples,
and the minor principalities sacrificed the
cause of Italy rather than run the risk of seeing
Piedmont aggrandised, showed—what had already
been . proved by the history of the Germanic Confe-
deration—that free institutions and national inde-
pendence are unattainable under a confederation of
princes. A federal republic, under certain social
conditions, is possible, as we see in America, because
all officials—state and federal—are alike elected by,
and responsible to, the people. Bat in a confedera-
tion of monarchies, either the central Government
must be nominated by the princes, and become their
mere instrument, or it must be nominated
by the people, and be continually thwarted and
paralysed by the powers reserved to themselves
by the sovereigns. Lastly, the miserable failure of
the extreme liberals in Italy, after Piedmont had
been driven from the field, has proved to all the rea-
sonable and honest adherents of republican opinions,
that mere abstract principles, however plausible, and
popular enthusiasm, however pore and devoted, are
unavailing against the standing armies of the
foreigner, unless there be somewhere the framework of
a disciplined Italian army, into which-the new levies
of volunteers and extempore soldiers may be incor-
porated. These important lessons have been taken
to heart by the flower of the Italian people—
** educated middle and upper classes—sad
will not be forgotten when the time comes
again for seeming Italian unity and independ-
ence. And that time will assuredly come. With the
single exception of Piedmont, the moat intolerable
misrule pervades every Italian state ; and the Italians
know that bet for Austria this misrule would be im-
possible. In Lombardy and the Venetian territories
Austria tyrannises directly ; in the Two Sicilies she
upholds the tottering throne of the BOURBONS; in the
States of the Church the near proximity other armies
and her insidious counsels encourage the combined
arrogance end effeminacy of the dominant priesthood ;
and in Tuscany and the minor dukedoms the nominal
sovereigns are the mere prefects of Austria. It is im-
possible to formes what form the first renewal of the
struggle for liberty and good government in Italy
will assume, when it will come, or whether it will
extend over the whole of the Peninsula or be con-
fined to a part of it. But oppressors and oppressed,
and foreigners looking on at a distance, are all equally
impressed with the conviction that come it must, and
that ere long. Hence the sleepless jealousies of Aus-
tria. She feels that the blow is impending,
but knows not when or whence it may
reach her. Like other malefactors she startle' at
the rustling of every leaf. Now, it is the
nomination of Gaussian to the command of a Sar-
dinian vessel; now it is the raising of an Italian
Legion for the service of England in Sardinia f now

it is some word dropprit in the English Parliament
by a miwitsr or t private member. Her prying
cariosity is suable to detest the immediate @moss of
danger; bat her inomsant snapicdons goad be< to sots
of oppression, which will of themselves Wog &bong;
that armed insurrection %time her alisp anthoritt
in Italy, of which ab.r stands a °ousts* dread.

•

LAST night 'citnissed the concluding manifestation
of the brirtiant and cordial hospitality which our
Sovereign has experienced throughout her visit to ,
France and its capital. The (Ail& around Boulogne '
were lit up by thousands of torches, held by the
young and ardent of the land, arrayed in arms to
snort the clause of national independence in Europe. i
Jubilant hurrahs resounded from the shore as the
Queen 'teamed out of the harbour. And when this
last friendly greeting had died on her ear, and the
colossal illumination had dwindled and dimmed in
the distance, her good ship held its way
onward, beneath the cheering inflames of '
the harvest moon, to that modest residence,
when, in the midst of connubial and filial love, she
delights to inhale the health-giving breezes of her
native sees. This is the last historical event of which
Boulogne and its environs have been the scene. The
first event associated with these localities in authentic
history is the departure of CESAR from Gaul for the
invasion of Britain. The imams of the year at
which these two remote incidents occurred were not
widely different; the great elementary constituents
of the scene—the sea, the cliffs, the luminary of
night, were almost identical. But what a
change has oonte over everything else! The
boasted fleet of CAMAR sonsisted of vessels that
could be beached like our Deal pilot-boats. On
either side of the Channel were a number of petty
principalities, or aristocratic republics, waging petty
wars, or carrying on a petty traffic, much after the
fashion of the Malay states in the Asiatic Archipelago
in oar days. Their mutual jealomies enabled an
ambitious stranger, whose army was at a distance
from his own land, exposed to have its communica-
tions cat off, and its supplies intercepted by inter-
vening warlike tribes, to domineer over them all.
Now, we have on both aides of the Channel
two mighty nations, each strong in its unity,
who, after long centuries of bitter hostility,
have learned to respect each other, and
adopted the wiser policy of drawing close
the bonds of friendship, in order that by their union
they may become the foremost champions of peace
and rational progress. But what a length of time
has been required to effect the transmutation of a
number of petty tribes into two great nations! Fint
came the ambitious domination of Rome to teach
them civil discipline. Then came the Christian mis-
sionaries to infuse a purer faith and morality. Next
followed the incursions of the northern tribes, to
shake and partly to overturn the framework of
society, but at the same time to disseminate •
healthier sense of personal independence. After
that, there was the struggle between the Kings
of Paris and the Dukes of Normandy, each
seeking to found an empire composed of nume-
rous states, after the fashion of that of CHARLEMAGNE.
The final separation of the island from the continen-
tal state did not take place till the reign of our
MARY; and long after her time both of them con-
tinued anarchical and incoherent. France was par-
celled out among numerous great feudatories; Great
Britain numbered no less than three hostile king-
doms—the efforts of the unprivileged classes to
assert for themselves rights to which their growing
wealth and intelligence entitled them; and the wars
of religion long convulsed society to its centre on
both sides of the Channel. When we look back on this
strange history, we see blind passions and shortsighted
selfishness originating civil and foreign wars, out of
which ultimately arose that strong sense of nationality
which, both in France and England, is the guarantee
of the permanent prosperity of either state. And
when we see through what a terrible experimental
• school both nations have had to pass, before they
attained their present high position, shall we despair
of the rest of Europe or of the world P Even Germany
, and Italy, with their homogeneous populations, are
but entering upon the final struggle which
commenced in England in 1640, and in France in
1789; and, with the exception of Poland, the more
, remote nations have yet to go through the process of
assimilating their heterogeneous populations. His-
, tory demonstrates that there is a constant progress
, towards social amelioration, even when anarchy
, appears for a time to resume the ascendant. Even
, France, England, and the United States are still sus-
ceptible of great improvements, and other nations
will follow in their wake. Be patient and persevere,
r is the lesson taught by all history.

/Me Court.

PALACE OF BT. CLOUD, Avorer 28.

Her Majesty, Prince Albert, the Prince of Wales,
and the PrillollllB Royal, amentpthled the Emperor and
Empress of the French to a pied ball at Versailles yester-
day evening.

Divine monk* was performed this morning in the Palace
before the Queen and Prince, the Prince of Wales, snd the
Prtneess Royal, by the Rev. Dr. Hale, chaplain to the
Bothaley. The ladies and gentlemen In attendance were
also present.

Sir 3. Emerson Tennant left town yesterdly for the
Continent.

Despetebes were resolved at the Colonial office yesterday
from the Governors of the North American Provisoes.

The Mossitmerresot yesterday states that the number
of letters add to her Majesty the Queen of
Eagland, daring her residence at Saint Cloud, has
been so great that it has been impossible to answer
all, but answers will be sent very shortly.

Her Modesty sad his Royal Highness Prince
Albert, with the Royal family, will rends at the Isle of
Wight until the 6th proximo, when they will come to
Baaktagham Palm'. On the following owning, the
QUO% end the Prises Conan, with the Royal ehildren and
household suite, will take their departure for Balmoral,
revelling by speedsl train from King's-cross. The Craft
will sleep at Rollabargh one night, sad on the following
murrain proceed by rail to Brehm, where the Royal
carriages will b• is retainer to wary them to Balmoral.
The return of re Court to Windsor will be between the 9th
sad 12th of Neither twat.

The Duchess of Argyll and Watt daughter are
progressing ray favourably.

The Marquis of Anglesey and family are passing
themes= at Worthieg, and do not intend to have for
Boendesert, Staffordshire, until the latter end of neat
month.

1 The Earl of Westmorland has gone on a tonr of
visits in the North, after visiting Apthorps House, hie seat
in Nertbempteashire.

The Earl and Countess of Lucan have been plunged
Into grief by the premature demise of Lady Anse Bingham,
their youngest daughter. The melancholy event took plea
on Sunday, at Webers, sear Scabies. The youthful de-
ceased was oily in the fifteenth year abet age.
The Earl and Countess of Beetive have arrived at,
the Lodge, Virgiala, Ireland, from the Isle of Wight; and,
after pawing a few weeks, will pressed to het ladyship's
seat la Westmorland.

Viscount sad Viscountess Folkestone hays sustained
a clocusette bereavement by the death et their intent ma.
Viscount sad Viscountess Villiers are expected
home the yea alter met, from the Centiseat-
_ _

Lord Blantyre 'satinet Carlsbad. and is not expected
bows until the week after nazi.

Sir J. Emmen= Tenant left tows yesterday, for
the Coadaset.

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