The Express.
London, England, 1855-02-16 00:00:00

THE NEW VICEROY OF EGYPT.

His Highness Mohammed Said, the present Vice
roy of Egypt, the eldest; surviving son of the late cele-
brated Mohammed Ali, is about 34 yule of age, and ante
needed to the vieeroyalty on the death of his nephew Abbas
Peeks, a few months ago. Since his accession to the
governorship of Egypt, he has evinced a spirit of liberality
and intelligence in regard to social and commercial im-
provement surpassing thit of say of his predaceous. One
of the first acts of his government was to abolish that eye-
tem of serfdom which compelled the FoUaheen, er agricul-
tural pageantry, to pay their tales in prods' at an arbitrary
valustioe, fixed by the pathos themselves, by which a mono-
poly of the produce of the country we. created in the hands
of she government. The cultivators are now at liberty to
dispose of their surplus produce in such manner as they
may find best for their own interest, paying their taxes in
mosey. Other measures recently adopted by him manifest
a liberal and enlightened mind.

The channel leading into the greet harbour of Alexandria
wind' between a number of sunken rooks, and it is both
intricate and dangerous, especially in bad weather. The
palm policy of forum pathu has hitherto prevented the
buoying-off of lige channel; but the present puha has
directed that buoys shall be forthwith planed in the channel,
to facilitate the navigation of the port, and the necessary
buoys s about to be constructed in England, and for-
warded to Egypt at his expense.

Another lustanes of his liberal policy is displayed in the
aid which he is rendering in the transport of British troops
through Egypt—a smears to which former Cosroys have
always been opposed. It was recently arranged that troops
from India, and particularly the 10th Eurars, should be
'mimed from Bombay to Sum, and thence across Egypt to
Alexandria, for scherication for the seat of war in the
Crimea. Mohammed Said has not only promptly volun-
teered to reader every assistance in his power to facilitate
this arrangement, but has insisted on doing so at his own
expanse ; and he has already fitted up somfortable barracks,
cabling, &a, for the amoxamcdation of the British troops
daring their sojourn la Egypt.
With regard to the transit of passengers, goods, epeeist
&a., to sad from oar vast oriental dependencies, of which
Egypt km sow become the highway, the following reply to
an address of congratulation from the Peninsular and
Oriental Stem Navigation Company, as bearing on the
subject, will be road with interest :

"To the Directors of the Peninsalu and Oriental Steam

Navigation Company.

" Gentlemen,—l have received by the bands et Mr.
Boo& Ill'OhloWillooz, number of the Imperial Parliament,
tai we of the founders of the Paninsalaz and Oriental
Ompay, the address which you deputed him to present to
M erateliag your eaagrataiations en my accession to the
Viee-loyelty of Egypt. Besides being deeply moved by
the 'easeful attention paid to me In deputing one of the
most honourable and distinguished members of the
company to wait upon me on this occasion, I was
aka win mush impressed by the sentiments you have eon-
Weil la the address, and by the marked solicitude you
bile talmignted for the well-being sad prosperity of Egypt-
Who% Olin Great Britain for lay model, I proclaimed
11Sinsidal freedom in Egypt, I had it is view to benefit
Zoom and, at the same thus, to promote the interests of
NM 01111107 ; and I feel a plume In knowing that
this MOM has met with the approbation of your ho-
ses:alio baud. Mealy resolved to enter upon a mune of
primes mid mead reform, I trust that Providence will
useheale to support Worts which will always tend to con-
dilate Ise me the esteem and sympathy of European nations,
aletfue for the layptien people a participation is the
of °Mamas& With to the transit, I am
sensible of the real es your company
nut attack to that establisluseatomel you may rut assured
that I shall always be disposed to swat them every desire:
hie felinity, and to do everything that may be in my power
to militant the security, sad preanas the celerity of the
tramper{ of passengers and semiamlie assess Biala
I ma mat grated to you, gentleman, fa the geed
Ism 100 haea good enough to equine life 4 posommiss
mai boggier ; sod I beg of you to osiolpt fa y
very amuse food es od wish for the
W haneantNe company whose ad=lia
to your high intelligence.
03151104/ litaaalaga Sate.
"Cairo, Ilitk January, laos."

DsAra or MLW. FOIU3IIB, M.P.—The Edinburgh
papas annownes tits death of this gentleman, who has re•
presented Stirliagehire on the conservative Interest shim
1841. Kr. Forbes married, in 1832, Lady Looks Antoi-
walla, sloth daughter of the late Earl of Weems and
Kara, and by this lady, who died in 1846, he had Wee a
sea—who now saemada him lathe family estaise—mad other
ahlikkuk.

THE WAR.

ST. PETERSBURG, Pas. 4.
The hard frost which has set in is hailed with joy
Si the old sad true ally of 1812, come once again to
the aid of Rusk. Pictures are multiplied, in which
the Preach and English are represented u bivotutoing
is the greatest misery before Sebastopol, and the
populace are taught that the ice and snow and deso-
latinirbiastsre sent of Clod, in answer to the prayers
at Ike orthodox, and for the annihilation of the
enemies of the holy cease. These people forget what
Butusoff's army suffered, and what the Russian
army in the Crimea must also lately have endured
from the same cause.

The fair promises of the government respecting the
new paper money do not find people credulous
There are many old enough to remember that issued
in 1812, which fell to 26 per cent. of its nominal value,
and wu then redeemed with new paper, the govern-
ment pocketing the 76 per cent. difference. The with-
drawal of workmen by hundreds of thousands from
the fields by recruiting, has reduced the tax-paying
power of the nation as well as impoverished indi-
viduals.

A Belgian journal mace an announcement which
reads like malicious irony, that Tuscany, Parma, and
Modena have adhered to the Western Alliance, and
will furnish each a contingent of 1,000 men.

The Colored Gazette publishes the following tele-
graphic despatch :

Warsaw, TREAS.—The Emperor hu ordered a new
levy of Cossacks l Ruda Minor, and in the Governments
Tokarisigeff mad Poltava, for the spring of 1855.

The treaty oonaluded between Itirssiaand the United
States relative to the onanterise of neutrals, has been pub-
tislipd. The treaty is lel% open for she adhesion of other
Stake.

A letter dated from Vienna, in the dagsburi
Gazette, declarer that Prussia, under date of the 2nd
February, has addressed another circular note to its
diplomatic agents, which indicates plainly that
Prussia is resolved, when the decisive moment has
arrived, to peas from a state of " preparation for
war" to mobilisation. A similar statement is made
in the Ort-Detzteche Post.

According to returns just made to the Diet by the
military commission, the Federal army amounts to
527,037 men; but this force, in which the secondary
States are included for 190,000 men, may be carried
up to 800,000 or 900,000 men, that is to say, 11 per
ant. of the total population of the Confederation,
which is about 65,000,000.
Intelligence from Sebastopol to the 2nd is given
in the Vienna journals, but it does not amount to
much more than we know already. The weather
continued fine. Stoves and other articles for the
troops were being landed in abundance at Balaklava.
It appears certain that the supplies were more abun-
dant, and that the troops were improving in health.
The allies continued to throw bombs into the town,
using the new mortars lately tried. They have
at present, these accounts state, 176 siege pieces in
battery.
A letter from Bucharest, of the 3rd, mentions that
the Croats in the Austrian service have been commit-
ting inch atrocities in the neighbourhood of Craiova
and ether parts of Moldavia. that Prince Ghika at
length declared to General Corenini that unless
something were immediately done, he would lay
a statement of them before the Emperor. Gene-
ral Coronini, seeing the firm resolution of Prince
Ghat', promised to take the most peremptory
measures to put an end to the complained of outrages.
A letter from Craiova mentions two cases of bru-
tality committed by these Croats. An inhabitant of
the place, named Tohernatesco, a married man, and
whose wife was far advanced in pregnancy, was
attacked in his house by about twenty Croats armed
with their muskets. Having placed a sentinel at
the outer door,they entered the court and barricaded
the doors of two rooms in which his servants and
five soldiers, who were quartered on him, slept.
After taking all these precautions they entered
the house, which is composed of three rooms,
and in one of which an Austrian officer was
actually sleeping. Tchernatesoo hearing the
noise of one of the doors being broken open went
oat, and was assailed by the soldiers, who gave
' him three eats with a sabre; he then went back
' and endeavoured to leave by another door. In the
' mean time some of the soldiers got into the room
' where his wife was, and inflicted several wounds on
' her with their sabres. The husband making another
k effort, succeeded in getting into the street, where he
I raised an alarm. The brother of Tohernatesco, who
resided near, roused four Austrian soldiers who were
I quartered in his house, and, with six other persons,
I came to render assistance; but by the time
they arrived the Croats had made off, fearing
to be arrested. The brother, however, traced
them by their marks in the snow, and by calling for
other assistance five of the offenders were arrested,
all of them having marks of blood on their clothes,
which clearly proved their guilt. The poor woman
and her husband were both seriously injured, but
their lives are not considered in any danger. On
the following day the matter was reported to General
Schwartz, who promised that when all the offenders
had been arrested they should be tried, and if proved
guilty, shot. On another occasion four Croats entered
the house of a widow woman, and attempted to vio-
late her daughter, aged 16, but her cries brought
assistance, and the Croats were well beaten and driven
away.

FRANCE.

*LILT 31/M11.)

PARIS, WIIINISDAT Evaringo.

I learn that the Spanish Ambusador, M. °longs,
who lately left on leave to take his seat in the Cartes,
will return to his post by the end of the month, and
I am assured that he is empowered to make a treaty
of alliance offensive and defensive against Russia,
analogous to that jut concluded with Piedmont
The Spanish government feels, it is said, the need of
French influence to make head against the Carlists.
To complete the analogy, M. Gloms will propose a
Spanish loan to be guaranteed by France and Eng-
land. Spanish credit is not in very good odour, but
no doubt in this emergency some " material guaran.
tee " will be suggested.
In an enthusiastic and thoroughly French article,
the Sikle, jamping over the sufficiently hard task
which the allied armies have before them at present
in the Crimea, proposes to add a fifth point to the
four of which so much has been said. This fifth
point is the immediate emancipation of the Russian
serfs. Some advanced liberals would be content with
the emancipation of Poland by way of a practical
beginning; but the Sleek wishes at once to proclaim
that we are to carry on the war to establish principles
of freedom in the farthest wilds of eastern Europe.
On this article Galignani has the following very
sensible remarks: _ _

We are afraid that the Russian serfs would scarcely un-
derstand es cm the point, or, what comes to the same end,
their clergy would take care that they should not. At this
moment this particular class of savages would sweep from
the face of the earth the civilisation of the West, which
would emancipate them and raise them to a state of social
and moral independence. We must conquer them first, and
tract to their civilisation by the effects of our conquest
afterward'. The lees that great conquerors promise of the
civilising elements to barbarous or semi-barbarous popula-
tions, the less of their own notions of et:lights:sant they
inscribe on their banners,' the better. Alexander in the
But and Napoleon in the West left the traces of their civi-
lisation behind them, which bad their humanising influence
when the palm of bard knocks and the bitterness of humi-
listless had passed away. The dice!., and the well-meaning
propagandists of the emancipation of Russian serfdom, pars
poses with the achievements of oar arms, may be well
satisfied to allow the civilising Powers of the West to do
one good thing at a time.
A pamphlet on the Crimea, which will shortly ap-
pear at Brussels, is understood to have been wntten
by the Emperor, assisted by M. Emile de Girardin. It
will perhaps be published in the name of the latter.
It has for some time been announced that M. de

Manbreuil, who played a strange part in the drama
of the fall of Naeon,, and who, as is well known,
publicly gave TaUsyrand a km on the ear, for having,
M he said, disavowed him, was about to publish his Memoirs.
Memoirs. They are now eady for the press, but the
author's friends are of opinion that the disclosures
they contain cannot possibly be printed at the pre-
sent time—either in France or any neigilbounng
country. It is stated that M. de Maubreuil (who
long since changed his name) is about to go to Ame-
rioa on purpose to publish his revelations of the put.
A Legitimist manifestation of small importance
occurred the other day at Toulouse, on the occasion
of theists of the Immaculate Conception. The large
sum of 250,000 f. was subscribed to celebrate the new
catholic dogma with becoming pomp. The streets
were hung with white and blue flags, and images of
the Virgin at intervals. But among the decorations
were such a large number of Bourbon lilies, that the
police thought proper to interfere, and took some of
them down. There was, however, nothing like dis-
order in the town.

The second son of the Prince and Princess Murat
has been suddenly taken ill, and the Princess's
reception for this evening has been postponed in
consequence.
The Duchess do Trevise, widow of Marshal Mor-
tier, died in Paris yesterday evening.

PARIS, TEUREDAY EVENING.

Military movements of considerable importance are

announced to-day by the Moniteur, and the private
telegraph. Omer Pacha has definitively left fur the
Crimea. General Pelissier has arrived at Pert, on
his way to Sebutopol. A despatch from Admiral
Brest mentions the entrance of both the Grand
Dukes into the latter town. The Russians,
it is said, have received very consider-
able reinforcements. The 9th division of the
French army has received orders to leave Constanti-
nople for the Crimea. This is the division, it may be
remembered,, which halted at Constantinople in con-
sequence of an order from General Canrobert stating
that more troops at the time would have been an in-
cumbrance. It is therefore to be inferred that the
French general has now improved means of victual-
ling and housing his army.
A telegraphic, despatch, received this afternoon,
states that General Niel arrived at Constantinople
on the 4th, on his return from the Crimea.

The rumours that the Emperor is going to the
Crimea are more persistent than ever to-day. I have
seen people who offer to bet 1,000 to 1, and othersl
who take the most solemn oaths that the luggage is
all ready packed for the journey. The Empress, it
is said, will accompany his Majesty as far as Con-
stantinople, and Prince Jerome will be left regent of
the empire.
There has been another considerable fall at the
Bourse. The Rents declined 35c., closing at 65fr. 90c.
The railways fell as much as yesterday. An announce-
ment that Tuscany, Naples, Portugal, and even Puma,
were about to furnish contingents tor' the war had a
depressing effect.
This evening's Patric says :
The general tenor of the news which we receive today
seems to dispel the last remnant of hope that was enter-
tained of the establishment of peace.
The Prem says of Lord John Russell's mission :
The selection of Lord John Russell is very significant. Of
all the statesmen in England he is the ens wbo by his
speeches, is, so to speak, the most personally committed
against the Emperor of Russia. We may be certain that if
he goes to Vienna he will not give the signal for concessions,
and that an English policy will be firmly defended by him.
The Doaawerth line of-battle-ship and the steam
frigate Montfizuma, arrived at Toulon on the 12th
from the Levant, having on board 83 Russian pri-
soners.

The St. Louis, French line-of-battle ship, has just
arrived at Toulon from Constantinople, (having on
board 42 Russian prisoners.
The Bulktin des Lois publishes an Imperial decree
sanctioning a contract entered into between the Mi-
nister of Finance and Messrs. Clebstall, Churchward,
and Co., for the conveyance of the mails between
Calais and Dover. The company undertakes to con-
vey the mails from Calais to Dover, and from Dover
to Calais every day for fifteen years, commencing on
the Ist of next month, for a sum of 190,000 fr. a year.
The quantity of snow which has fallen in Paris
and the surrounding country within the last two
days has been very considerable, and towards the
north of France the weather has been still more
severe. The snow, in the country round the capi-
tal, lies very nearly a foot deep, and a fur-
ther fall is considered probable. The weather is,
however, delightful for walking exercise, the air
being clear and bracing, and not too cold. The,
aspect of the capital, when clothed as at present in
its wintry garb, is most striking. The outlines of
the churches and public buildings are brought out
beautifully by the snow which has lodged on
them, and their fine proportions can perhaps be
never better judged of than when thus covered with
white. The public gardens, the Champs-Elysees, and
the Boulevards—wherever, in fact, trees are standing
to receive on their outstretched branches the thin
lines of snow, which so quickly freeze on them—offer a
thousand studies to • painter's imagination, since
actual sketching in such weather as this must be con-
sidered quite out of the question. All day yesterday
crowds of persons were to be seen in all the public
thoroughfares, enjoying the keen dry air, and medical
men declare that no weather is better calculated to
remove sickness. At midnight the thermometer of
M. Chevalier stood at 6 6.10 below zero Centigrade
pl.; Fahrenheit); at six o'clock this morning (16th)
it was at 4 deg. C. (24! F.); and at noon 2 3-10 C.
(27t F.).