The Express.
London, England, 1862-04-04 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS,

foot a +owed. he aboreld he corloas to nee how iron plates
world it. At the solo: Lose he slid nut doubt that:
in a few year.. much brew gum thee any at present would
be leought into use. The teeult of experinicota, however,
hitherto b tea treo to show, that whilst titled gun. could
isisiotaie a high velocity at great distances, yet for the
purees of prieetrating iron Oates Dear at hand,
1110011110 most he had to wrought- iron smooth-
bored ;au.. Follow* the other observations of
the WV, tot), be (the Duke of tiornerset) thought that
nut aseleiy two, but three classes of ships would be re-
quired in the navy. Pint, it wouldbe necessary to bare
gems sp.v.ll crumb, to accomplice our merchant skipping If
they scooted defeuce—tlw t unard sad other Bee WSW
dimple relying on their own .peal to escape an enemy;
meonaly, her moat 1.. rknoth, class of slops to mhos at
sea; sad, thirdly. there novo be a clam of iron verde to
defend our coasts aiel harbours. But he thought it would
1 be moat unwise to proceed store rapidly in the matter than
they were now doing. Soule wooden adze would still be of
rasa fur the purpose of *orris; as despatch yew* and for
the trsnaport of troops ; but an to the building of ships
rally of wood, he thought they might 'odd their bends.
No new wooden line-ofhattle ship bed been cormasesed ;
and those which had been Laid down were reedit convertible
iota iron.plated shipa. As to the question w abips
built upon (hokum Coke. plan were capable of being as
entire substitute for forts, his opinion wen Mai as ken
RAW if disabled in action would be very OM to get under
the guns of a fort and it must be remembered that there was
so hmit to the sire of guns which could be pkced in a fort,
while after all there was a limit to those which could be
worked limn an iron ship. They of the Admiralty no
doubt were apt to think that vessels slime could do the
work, and would like to take sU the money and use it for
the purpo., of &deuce in their own way ; but he thought
the questi..o twat be gravely coosidered, and it would be
most unwse to jump hastily to a conclusion. Another
circunistsa compacted with the recent maid was
that the t; aus of the Merrimac could not be
vertically from they could not be deflected beyond
a certain point, reminding one of the incident in the me-
moirs of Lord Dundonald, where he captured a Spud*
barque by getting in under her guns and boarding her,
*Wit she could only Ere over his heed. If it were
to forget the frightful loos of life which occurred these
asatlkte, and the weary and suffering that were spread over
the American nation by the raring of this most unhappy
war—(hesr, hear)—these conflicts. viewed solely so matters
of scieotific experiment, were of the highest interest.
(Hear, hear.) He trusted that the shammed which
he had mode of the views entertained by the
Admiralty would be satisfactory to the noble earl and to
their lordships. (Cheers.)
The Earl of HAL3IESIIVItY thanked the noble duke for
the speech he had made, which lie thought contrasted most
favourably with two epeechee on the same subject which
had been made elsewhere, and he thought would be received
with the utmost satisfactioo by their lordships and the

oonutry.
Their loelebipa then adjourned at twenty minutes to

HOUSE OF COMMONS.—THURSDAY, APRIL 3.
The SPLAKCR took the chair at 4 o'clock.
PRIVATE BUSINESS.

THIRD lir.aoisus. —The following bills were read a third
time : Cireocester District Roads Bill, and Dollow and
Kilaiorc eoniruoris locloeure Bill.

GREAT GRIMSBY ELECTION PETITION.
The members appAnted to try the merits of the petition
were sworn at the table.

RELATIONS WITH MEXIOO.

Mr. S. FITZGERALD pre satire that cc as early day
titer Easter be would call the attention ol the house to oar
rirlattoes with Mezioo, sad move for papas at the subject.
THE WELLINGTON MONUMENT, BT. PAUL%

Lord LOVAINE asked the First Commissioner of Works
bow acme it was expected that the monument of the late
Dake of Wellingtos, in St. Paul's Cathedral, would be
finished, sod whether the surplus of the seas voted for the
Duke's funeral would be sufficient todofray the whole coat
of the work.
Mr. WWPEE replied that the artist had received the
oat:mission to execute the work in November, 1858. Three
years And :1 half had elapsed since the order was given, and
the model was not vet prepared. He (Mr. Cowper) was
sorry that the delay had occurred, but he concluded the
time had not been wasted, as the artist may have been en-
gaged in preliminary studies as to the design. Ile was
unable to state when the monument would be completed.
The sum voted, however, would be sufficient for the whole
cost of the work.

CHURCH BUILDING ACTS.
Mr. H. SEYMOUR eaksi the Attorsey-General if he
would state to the house what steps the government in-
Modal to take with a view to the consolidation and amend-
meat of t►e Muth Ruildiog Acts.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL mid that instructions had
bees given to Mr. Stephens to collect the various statistica
on the subject referred to by the holt. gentleman, with a
view to framing a oonsolidatiot bill.
Mr. HADFIELD inquired at what time it was likely the
bill would he introduced!

—ThTe AlrfolaYfi-G6 ERA L maid there eras no prospect
of ita bong reedy to Lang before the house during the pre-
sent sessios.

IRISH BILLS.

flit It. PEEL stated, for the convenience of Irish mem-
bers, that it weld sot be possible to proceed with the three
important lAA bills now before the hones—seinely, the
Fairs sad Marksis Bill. the Poor-law BiII, and the Baapistro-
Sion of Births and Deaths Bill, before Easter. Mem, bear.)

THE EAST= RECESS.

In reply to Colorist W. POTIMI,
Lord PALMERSTON wad it was proposed that that
house should adjourn either.= Friday, the 11th or Monday,
the 1 ttb a April, =medusa to the nature a the basin=
befor, it, sod to meet asuin ou Monday, the 21Ith

had fallen off bji 8,000(., and the Post-office ens growing, he argued, was erroneous, for that of
by 10.0001. In the excise there had beeu last year was less than that of the year before,
a falling off amounting to 456,000 i.; there had been while in the year ensuing there was a decrease in
a loss on spirits, bops, and paper--iu the latter case the estimates of over 700,0001., although many
partly from the repeal of the duty and partly from . items of expenditure were included in the estimates
drawbacks. Referring to the estimates, he stated I which had never been included before ; and putting
that of the China indemnity, which was placed at those items out of calculation, the actual
diminu-
-750,0001. the whole receipt had been only 478,000 f. tion was 1,700,000/. Still the level of our expen-
up to September, but when the two quartets due diture was such as ought to meet with attention,
in March were paid there would be a gross receipt for it was a higher level than could be borne with
of 658,00 N. There had, however, been an arrange- comfort and satisfaction by the people, or than was
anent by which an additiou was made to the coin- compatible with a sound condition of finance. The
pensation paid to the merchants in anticipation, growth of expenditure was partly owing to
which by so much (that is, 193,0001.) would the growing wants of the couutry • then to
diminish the receipts to the Exchequer. a sense of insecurity which had prevailed
The whole sum actually received this year in the country ; next to the influence of
would be 266,0001. from this source. The the establishments and expenditure of other
expenditure for the coining year was thus countries ; and lastly, to special demands which
estimated—For the interest of the public debt, had arisen out of exigencies which had sprung up.
26,280,00 N. • the consolidated fund would stand There was a fearful race in expenditure going on
at 1,900,0001.; the army at 15,300,00 W., and amongst the nations of the world. France in the
the militia at 700,0001. This included a charge last twenty years bad added 250 millions to her
of 700,000 f. for Indian effectives, which ap- debt, of which 180 millions was not attributable to
peered for the first time in the estimates, war expenditure. Austria and Russia had added
and, deducting this, the amount of the estimate to their debts, and the financial year of 1881 alone
would stand at 15,270,0001., as compared with had added to the state debts of all the great coun-
-15,481,0001. last year, being a diminution of tries 200 millions of money. We had not added to
275,0001. The navy was estimated at 11,800,0001. our debt, but among extraordinary expenses, there
as compared with 12,276,0001. last year. The was the coat of the war with China, which bad been
1
miscellaneous estimates were estimated at 7,054,00 N. In the last three years, what
7,819,00 W. The revenue departments were esti- might be called war expenditure, includ-
mated at 4,750,0001., the packet service 916,00 W., ing China, New Zealand, and the despatch
and a vote for China would be asked of 500,00 N. of troops to North America, was 8,600,0001.
The total estimate of expenditure was 70,040,000/. Showing the state of our extraordinaryexpenditure
The estimate of revenue for the coming year ran and the extraordinary resources, such as balances in
thus :,—Customs, 23,550,0001.; excise, 18,340,000(.; the exchequer, which had been used to meet it,
stamps, 8,6'4,0001. ; laml, and messed taxes, he pointed out that the income tax had risen since
3,180,0001.; income ax, 10,100,0001.; Post-office, 1859, by 3 millions,and, including the) spirit duties
3,650,00 N.; crown lands, 300,0001. ; miscella- and other imposts, there had been taxes imposed
mous, which included for the first time a exceeding five millions. The taxes reduced amounted
payment for Indian effectives and noseeffec- to over our millions, the amount imposed being
tines 2,275,000/. and the China indem- more than a million of taxes over those reduced.
nity, 170,0001. The estimate of total revenue The extraordinary resources were now at an end.
would be 70,190,0004. against an estimated expen- Altogether about 11 millions had been devoted in
diture of 70,040,0001. The question, therefore, the last three years to extraordinary expenditure,
earosewhether new taxes were to be imposed. Not of which six millions had been met by extraordinary
many mouths ago be had entertained the hope of resources, and five millions by taxes drawn from the
being able to remit taxes, bat subsequently there people. Aaregerded therevenueof the last three years
appeared • probability of heavy expenditure, and it had increased since 1858-69 by over four millions
there was the prospect of additional taxation. In in 1861-62, showing an average increase of one
looking to our resources everything was favourable, million per annum derived from ordinary sources.
except that portion of them which depeuded We bad passed through exceptional years without
on America. So far as trade was concerned going into the market for loans, but all other ex-
there bad been an improvement for our traordinary resources were now exhausted, and to
export. to America which in September were meet casualties which might occur, it was only to
444,0001. were in October 709,0004., in November ordinary sources of revenue we had to look, and
739,000!., in December 860,0001., and in January any difficulty which might be anticipated was only
1,253,00/. But it was in reference to cotton that to be met by the application of the principles of
anxiety must be felt, and the prospect in that re- true and strict economy. He concluded by pro-
spect was not improving. But looking to the posing a resolution relating to the alteration of the
state of trade with France since the treaty had wine duties.
come into operation it would be found that whereas Mr. HUBBARD observed that sall,Oomoor. was derived
in the six months between September and February, last year from income tax, and 10,000,0004 was calculated
1859.60, our exports to France were 2,196,000/., in upon this year. it could not be unimportant for the govern-
-1861-62theyamountedto6,910,0001. There had been went or the country that that tax should be levied upon
an exceptional export of corn to France of about should itag
.elmutbldurrirfeit
lidan t nod he
fel
them:tett
800,00 N. or 900,00 N. in value in 1861-62, and deduct- opportunity of &smog the hyouse to pronounce an opinion
ing this the real amount of increase was 3,039,0001., upon the proposition which he should have to submit. Up
although the gross increase bad been 3,895,0001. to the last moment he waited with some hope that the right
There had been also another increase from this source, hon. gentleman would announce that he contemplated
fur there had been an increase in foreign and colo- rtiLmeofrelx3l ati:
blttira lielh:dr bemaidee,Detale
nial exports, in connexion with the treaty, amount- must assume that itwas to be renewed in all its deformities ;
ing to 4,572,0001., so that the real increase in and in that cam he should have no alternative but to move
1861-62 was over 10,000,0001. In the single article the resolution of which he had given notice. (Hear, hear.)
of woollens there had been an increase from Mr. BUXTON, as one of the fraternity affected by the
134,000/. to 1,181,0001. This was to be taken into changes proposed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer.
consideration in connexion with the increseed thought they were left very much in the reition in which
they stood before. As the representative of • Kentish
feeling between the two nations, for which borough he had no doubt that the scheme woald be regarded
result it was not n again to con- by his constituents with great satisfaction, as an excellent
grandma.e the author of the treaty, whose compromise of • long disputed question ; and he must, in
services would become matter of history. Refer- smother capacity. congratulate the Chancellor of the Exehe-
ring to the question of a surplus, he showed that if Liatter tat heht:4! coinAnty rtlemen down to the
he had one it would have been demanded of him
.; Mr. CRAWFORD nled thrststelimnt they had just
but even looking to the important question involved heard ea a fair and honourable statement on the part of the
in the supply of cotton, the government had come Chasoallor of the Exchequer, and he thought it was not the
to the conclusion to do without • surplus and to lees fair and honourable that an hon. gentlemanwho would
impose no new taxes, reserving to themselves the I
so
tlabregtu
ie el aff octet b
eaar y it 11l d
o vet uhp.aundeveexrproisrdhisa ra
n
-
privilege of taking the necessary steps to meet any wa statement in which the principles upon which it was
exigency which might arise. As to the remission founded wre more clearly or more eloquently.
.expreseed,
of taxes, it watt plain that there could be none and in a manner to carry conviction to the minds of all,
ou the figures which he had brought forward. than that which the right honourable gentleman bad
Nevertheless lie mast refer to demands for remis- that night presented. (Hear, hear.)
lion which bad been made on the government. It to Sir S. NO THCOTE wanted some explanation with rew 4
the vote of credit. He understood that the house had
VIM urged that the duty on spirits should be re- already voted something like 5,200,0004, and bad spent
' duced, that the sugar duties should be modified, about 4,008,0001., leaving about 500,000/. more out of what
that the malt credit should be remitted, that the had been voted. They) were now told that they were to
small duties charged on imports and exports should have ""
toed tontsberwh's'irecl IT Loot- and. twhieththhtuwa:e.otte ir,,;
be removed, and also that some alteration should concluded. in wanted to know from the Chancellor of the
be made in the duties on wine, and that the hop Exchequer whether that was the case. Another matter
duty should be repealed. As regarded alterations which he wished to have explained was, with regard to the
he proposed to make, it was proposed to lower the grounds upon which the right hon. gentleman milculated the
duty on playing-cards, and the duty on what was excise hot:Yena With regard. to. thre
and
the
called the Inventory Duty in Scotland. It was ',lima., in gentleman
ract rasher aunvderrYstenring it ,% but tee
proposed with regard to Foreign and Colonial Bonds wished to know upon what his right hon. friend founded
Or Leans to make a charge of 8 per cent., which his expectation that we should receive so much larger an
VMS charged now on loans in this country, and amount of revenue from the excise this year than last year.
there would be created a sydem of supplemental i,sumror.!,3tALL' td
chthaaqtiewifloilreh!7iogeonararitdtreld lig!hlllCi.-h:File-
licenses running for three daya, daring fairs and agricultural interest in rthe matter of hops, he «Ruh' not
markets, for publicans. As to the spirit duty, comprehend how it was that the right hon. gentleman never
there had been a falling off last year below the considered the hardship which was inflicted upon the ligri.
estimate ; but as it was proved not to have arisen eul„_tarel,,,,ie,,,,,,teitet io the Ca" of malt.
from an increase of illicit distillation, but from a riltriene
hNe felt celled eta asu
renptrni:Ungt alatioptliT7l:llll
diminished power of consumpton combined with lion. Bentley,
on the step he had decided upon u
taking with
the increment sobriety of the people ; it was nut regard to the hop duty. No tax could have been selected
propotted, therefore, to deal with the spirit duties. for remission which would Woad so great a benefit to the
With regard to the sugar duties, being classified consumer with so °mad 11; a ; euriftmt.; to the Producer'
duties, they were unequal in their pressure ; but V---mussubs. a for lieontes Pee-ter)uultiwarhile th "rewere re
arlo.wed
the difficulties of removing this classification were to be imported duty free the. leplimate article was heavily
such as to preclude any such change without a coin- taxed. This was an injustice which he hoped the govern-
plate inquiry into toe subject, and he would be meat would remedy. The proposition of the right hon.
prepared to assent to a committee for the pur- gentleman, he was sorry to my, wouldanue great &nabs-
pose. As to the malt credits, no such moo, lactionops w.in,
ntohLuhieztirovewri;ig
t y stricts.
speculative The cultivationbus in u° f•
in his opinion, had been made out as bat that was the strongest reason why he should not add to
to justify any change, especially as any its expenses by taxation. During the last forty years the
alteration would deprive the revenue of hop duty had been forty times increased, sus-
-1,300,0001. a year. As to the minor duties on roded, postponed, or altered in some way or other, and yet
imports and exports, they entailed an amount of It had never worked satisfactorily to the exchequer or fairly
to the planter. There was only one way of dealing with it
labour in collection which gave them a claim to satisfactorily, and that was by ing to its total abolition,
repeal ; but they amounted to 182,0001. a year, and he hoped the house wouldWve an unhesitating assent to
mid with a surplus of only 150,000/. it was not pus- that proposition.
Bible to deal with them, betides which they afforded Sir W. JOLLIFFE approved of the Chancellor of the Ex-
the means to the Board of Trade of obtaining ZteciTt'suproupott with'
rea.pr
.totoukthie.hvoepadbuetnieesicliiiecli he
ect.
valuable statiatind information. Still he was He wish: he were Pequally satisfied with hisl other
willing to grant au inquiry into the subject. With propositions. He took exception to the granting of licenses
regard to the wine duty, comparing the two last to pubiteaus to sell spirits at fairs. He had seen with re-
years of the old system, from 1858 to 1860, the gret the somber of small fairs in the country greatly dimi-
mean deliveries in those years amounted attheld, and consequently the recreation of the common
considerably restricted. This was the case in the
to 6,552,000 gallons, bringing in
--- a re- rirrr Of the country with which he was connected, sad it
venue of 1,697,0001. • and in 1861-62 the deliveries mainly resulted from the scenes of drunkenness which con.
were 9,732,000 gallons, being en increase of inaptly occurred on these occasions. The plan of the right
3,130,000 gallons, and the revenue under the re- bon• gentleman for granting licenses for three days would
duced duties was 1,105,0001., being a decrease of lead to the establishment of temporary gin shops at fairs,
end thus 1O s° the evil which was now deplored.
592,0001., showing a favourable increase at least in Kr. H •
ORSFALL said, representing as he did • large
the trade. But on the whole it was determined to commercial coustituency, he must express his deep resat
retain what was called the alcoholic test, but that the Chancellor of the Exchequer had not seen his way
altering and modifying it, by reducing the four to the removal of the minor charges ou imports and ex•
scales to two, admitting all wines from 18 to 20 de- re_ee• He admitted that in the present state of the revenue
green of alcohol at a duty of ls. while from 26 to '" ta
ut',b they
weof Ih:2.E:elquer could not now repeal
them charges, and ought
42 the scale would be raised from 2s. sd. to be the brat that were objectionable
romoed.to 2*. 6d. ; and above 45, an additional duty Colonel SYKES WI with regard to the amount of cotton
of 3d. on every additional rise of strength. The that would be received this year, it would be satisfactory to
financial result would be that there would be a net learn that there was a new source of supply, fifty tons
gain of 15,0001. a year to the revenue. As to the havlnvgelezittlytt azievedwarat
.Cci,licnuut 4 f
ed in America another
hop duties, it was not possible to part with duties twelvemonth the cultivation of cotton in India would be so
which yielded 300,0001. a year on the average. extended that we should be independent of America for
It was, however, proposed to do something in the I the supply of that article. Lest year the supply from
way of commutation ; by readjusting the system of India was 25/3+0.92.:.0,9171 'boo but th,_ rear fp" 130471.17
brewers' licenses and including in them a charge for vstoaoooo4.`l,l7rinb, an. poem% wad nu.. tha
the hop duty ; while, at the same time, relief would be the China war cost 5,210,0004, sod he (Colonel Sykes) be-
given to smaller brewers in respect of the charge for Bend be should be able ou • future occasion to show that
their licenses. In this way the revenue would get to sesiatsin our trade with China we must increue our force
nearly as much duty as now, while it would cause a *sew He could only het* that
ia
thist anticipation would
complete free trade iu home and foreign hops. I°4 kthr° out to be 1"
There would be • general average addition of 3d. Sir H. WILLOUGHBY could not understand how the
on each barrel of beer brewed to the charge for the boys could go on expending 70,000,0004. a year without
herniaes of brewers, though in the case of smaller giving • thought se to where the ways and mean' were
brewers it would be smaller in amount per barrel.
ttraneTstrortlin H.
felt
B"max httweeMothattee orffor tilecE::
The customs and excise duty on hops would be re- am
.Pilesetfhith
t maximise to tide over the present
pealed from next September. It eau also proposed, year, would be o ' in the end, to ask for additional
as regarded private brewers, to exempt from taxes, and additi taxes in the time of peace he hoped
license all brewing carried on by the labouring the people of this country wield never bear. (Hear, hear.)
classes. In all cases where the house occupied by Mr. POLLARDAIRQUHART was himself eangulne
a private brewer was more than 201. a year, or iu enough to hope that a per de d, mote would be done to_ _
taxes which iaterfered with the comfort' of
the case of a farm above 1501. a year, there would rledu=,. and at sum time bodmik,enpo; °minim ;
be a license charge of 12e. &I. ; below those bat grb,;',,gat the riot bon, wigwag was acting with
amounts there would be no license. The financial riot prudence la declining to make the attempt for the
result would be, that whereas the receipts from present. (Hear, hear.)
hops and brewer/ licenses were now 345,0001., Mr. PACER thought it.would. be very unfair to exact the
all mons whose rent
the receipts in future would only be 300,000/. am.
'm
edar, a wilreTertotbaw lesmtvaabluht eau was large or
The right hon. gentleman then proceeded to take • ...n. '
review of the financial results of the last three Mr. J. EWART agreed with his hon. colleague that the
years. The impression that the public expenditure ' WWI' duties Os exports sod import. were \ perfect blister