The Press.
London, England, 1856-09-27 00:00:00

THE PRESS.

THE GOVERNMENT, it is said, have determined on
a subdivision of the diocese of London, whereby Dr.
Tait, as metropolitan bishop, will have only half the
field over which the bishops of London have hitherto
presided. The diocese of London will henceforth
consist of all that portion of the metropolis within the
City walls, in addition to the extensive parishes of
Bethnal-green, Clerkenwell, Islington, Limehouse,
Shoreditch, Stepney, St. George's East, Whitechapel,
Hackney, and Stoke Newington, together with several
parishes in Essex, Kent, and Surrey, at present
under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of London. A
large portion of what at present constitutes the arch •
deaconry of Middlesex will be placed under the con-
trol of a Bishop of Westminster, and the Abbey will
be his cathedral church. The new diocese will com-
prise the whole of the parishes within the city of
Westminster, St. Pancras, Marylebone, PAddington,
Kensington, St. Giles's, St. George's Bloomsbury,
Chelsea, Hampton, Fulham, Hammersmith, and the
several outlying parishes. There will be one arch-
deacon for the diocese of London, and two for the
diocese of Westminster.
THE SHERIFFS' INAUGURATION DINNER will take
place at the London Tavern, Bishopsgate•street, on
Tuesday next, the 30th inst., and will be carried out
on a scale of almost unprecedented splendour. The
number of guests invited by the sheriffs elect, Messrs.
Mechi and Keats, amounts to upwards of two
hundred.

THE VACANCY IN THE COLEMAN-STREET WART) by
the death of Alderman Hunter will most probably
be filled by Mr. Deputy Hale. An influential meet-
ing of the inhabitants was held on Wednesday, under
the presidency of Mr. J. B. Heath, and a resolution
unanimously passed that Mr. Deputy Hale be
solicited to stand for the ward. A committee to se-
cure the election was also appointed.
A SOIREE in aid of the funds of the evening
classes was held at Crosby-hall on Wednesday even-
ing. The Lord Mayor and a numerous company
were present. From the report, read by the Rev.
Richard Whittington, it appears that the classes are
not self-supporting, and an appeal was made for and
by subscriptions. The institution is worthy of every
support, for it is engaged in educating upwards of
1,000 pupils. At the recent examination at the
Society of Arts the Crosby-hall pupils won great dis-
tinction and many prizes.
THE re election of the present Lord Mayor for
next year is generally anticipated. It is believed
that his lordship will decline the honour.
_

THE LATE Slit WILLIAM TEMPLE'S valuable collec-
tion of classical antiquities, formed during his long
residence in Naples, has been left by the deceased
to the British Museum.

THE LONDON TRADES held a meeting at the Bell
Inn, Old Bailey, on Thursday, and decided upon pay-
ing the legal expenses of the shipwrights in the late
case of Young and Co.
rHE REGISTRAR-GENERAL'S RETURNS FOR THE
WEEK show a mortality of 1,604. The births
reached 1,509.

Vroinntial.

SIR JAMES GRAHAM AT C tELISLE.

SIR JAMES GRAHAM was present at the East Cum-
Lerland Agricultural Society's dinner last Saturday.
The right hon. baronet, replying to his health, in the
course of his remarks observed that be had always
endeavoured so to regulate his conduct in the House
of Commons as to attempt to meet the wishes of his
constituents, subject to the rule that he thought it
right to give effect to the opinions he himself enter-
tained :

Now, as a member of Parliament and as a legislator,
I can look back with vast satisfaction to the several
measures I have supported First of all, as a striking
instance of the advantages of self-government apart from
the Executive of the day, I gave my support to the Poor-
Law Bill, which conveyed to the yeomanry, the ratepayers,
and the city authorities the management of their own
affairs in particular. All that time the charges for the
maintenance of the poor assumed an amount and aspect
most threatening to property. The adminis'ration was
not then in the hands of the ratepayers, but in those of
the magistrates, who were not responsible to the rate-
payers. A great and mighty change was effected by the
Government of Lord Grey by the introduction of that
bill; and in that measure I touk a part, when a vast
reform was accomplished, and the administration was
transferred to the yeomen, shopkeepers, and ratepayers of
the country. The change was most salutary. The charges
for the maintenance of the poor are nnw moderate : the
danger to property has been arrested, and the interest of
the poor, which, to my opinion, is a paramount considera-
tion, has not been neglected. And again I look back to
another measure not less important in its results—the
commutation of tithe to a fixed charge, nut increasing,
but the commutation fixed and established without varia•
tion, has been, as I conceive, one of the great causes of
agricultural improvement throughout England, but more
especially in this county, and upon that change also I look
back with satisfaction. There is yet another mighty
change which has taken place in which I was concerned,
and although politics are very properly excluded from our

921

discussions I cannot help referring to it. I mean the
change with reference to the laws regulating the importa-
tion of foreign produce. I was long denounced as faithless
to the class to which I belong—l was held up as a traitor
to agriculture, as the enemy of the farmer, for supporting
that great change which took place in lt4-16. I will only
refer to that as a proof that it is at times possible for
members of Parliament to give effect to their own opinions,
even in opposition to the fleeting opinions of those with
whom they are politically connected, and yet have the
satisfaction of looking back and believing that they have
promoted the permanent interests of the class to which
they belong.

Sir James Graham then, turning to agriculture,
alluded to a hope expressed by Sir J. Maxwell that
the Emperor of Russia might rule over a free people.
As an agriculturist he, Sir James Graham, did not
much desire it, and recorded a profound observation
of Montesquieu, that "the produce of land depends
less upon the fertility of the soil than on the free-
dom of the cultivators," to show what a•=ricultural
antagonists we should have in the Russians if they
were free. Sir James then touched upon the
system of agriculture followed out in Cumber-
land, alluding to opinions formerly expressed by
him, that in Cumberland they ploughed too much
and glazed too little to compete successfully with
the southern counties. In Cumberland the growth
of wheat was difficult and uncertain, but the growth
of green crops and the feeding of sheep was as un-
doubtedly more remunerative. The cultivation of
flax too should be promoted.
Sir John Maxwell, Mr. Henry Howard, of Grey-
stoke Castle, Captain James, and several other gentle-
men, proposed and replied to vat ions toasts, Sir
James Graham closing the proceedings by proposing
"The Labouring Classes," speaking of them in the
highest terms, and especially remarking upon the
skill and trustworthy character of the Cumberland
peasant.

THE. BISHOP OF BANGOR delivered his charge to
his clergy on occasion of his triennial visitation of the
diocese at the cathedral of the episcopal city last
week. His lordship, although suffering from the in-
firmities of age—being now past his eighty-fourth
year—looked well, and read his charge in a clear and
distinct tone throughout. The delivery occupied
about an hour.

A BREAD COMPANY has been formed in Banbury.
The high price of bread in proportion to the price (
corn was discussed at a meeting held in the Town-
hall last week under the presidency of the Mayor,
and a company formed, in support of which a hundred
shares of 1/. each were subscribed for in the room.
The prospectus states the capital at 1,0001., under
the Limited Liability Act. It is proposed "to
supply bread and flour at the lowest possible prii
—to non•shareholders at the same price as to share-
holders, but they must pay cash on deivery."
THE ASTON FETE held last week for Vie benefit of
the General Hospital has proved a decided success:
1,7011. have been handed over to the General Hos-
pital already. The balance when ascertained is to
be divided between the General and Queen's Hos-
pitals.
THE ANNIVERSARY of the public opening of Salt airs
at Shipley, near Bradford, was celebrated on Saturday
by three thousand of Mr. Salt's workpeople with
great éclat. They went in procession to his residence
and conducted him to St. George's•hall, at Bradford,
where they presented him with a bust of himself,
accompanied by an appropriate address.
A HUSBAND, WIFE, AND CHILD, a Mr. and Mrs.
Tanner of Bradford, were drowned in the Avon last
Saturday, a few miles below Bath. Mr. Tauner had
constructed a small steam .engine and fitted it into a
rowing-bcat. He was experimenting in this boat on
this river. Mrs. Tanner by some means or other
fell overboard, anti in endeavouring to Pave her Mr.
Tanner capsized the boat and drowned himself and
his child as well. A shepherd boy witnessed the
sad scene from the shore.

A NATIONAL NEWSPAPER LEAGUE has been pro-
jected. A meeting was held at Swansea last week,
when the Rev. David Thomas, of Stockwell, ex-
plained the scheme :

It was the establishment of a flret•class newspaper, to
be called The Dial, which would be formed under the
Limited Liability Act. The paid•up capital would amount
to no less than 500,0D01., and this large amount would buy
not only the beat type, the best paper, the best ink, but it
would buy the best talent, the best brains, and the lest.
esperience. lint not only had they the advanta.7e of this
large stun of money, but this would be subscril ed by ab' ut
in0,0(.10. all of whom would naturally ba inquitin4 tit The
Dial. The principles were enrolled in the deed of settle.
ment, and, therefore, nothing could be put in the paper
incompatible with the prospectus. The scheme also
steured another thing—that the paper should always be
of a high moral tone. They did want a paper which
he primarily swayed on public questions, not by a
sordid calculation of pmfit and loss, but by emt-ideration
of right and wrong. The scheme would also be a national
one ; it would take in men of all elastics. On the hoard
were as many Churchmen as Ilittsenters. Although the
paper had only been once advertised they had already got
10,0001., and he believed that in three months the whole

922

of the shares would be taken. The scheme was secured
from all monopoly by no one person being allowed to take
more than ten shares.

A PARTY OF PLEASURE, consisting of Alderman Gard •
ner, of Preesell, near Fleetwood, and five friends and
children, went out one day last week to drive across
the Morecambe Sands to Cockerham. The tide was
up over the sands, which are full of awkward holes
seven feet deep. Mr. Gardner, getting nervous, cap-
sized the trap, and dropped his friends into one of
these. The horse, floating about up to his nose, play-
fully kicked the breath out of Mr. Gardner, and
turned him bead over heels under water. Every-
body got ducked and nearly drowned, till at length
the trap settling on the edge of the bank enabled
all to scramble to it, and after some time, by the
coolness and skill" of Mr. Gardner (and we should
imagine of every one else), the whole party were
rescued, but they had to wade for some distance
before they reached dry land. _ . .

THE Hon. H. BERKELEY was presented, at Bristol,
on Wednesday, with a silver salver and a gemmed
oak casket full of sovereigns, by the leading citizens,
as a recognition of his services in obtaining the
repeal of the Sunday Beer Act. Mr. Berkeley, in
acknowledging the gift, said :
lam proud of that casket. In the nineteenth year of
my service it is presented to toe by 14,000, among whom
the working class stand conspicuously forward. I accept
it ; and I trust it will be handed down as an heirloom in
my tinnily. At this advanced age and at this time of day
it carries with it an impressive lesson—ay, an impressive
lesson to the aristocracy if they read it aright. It should
teach them the true safeguard of the aristocracy of the
present day—that its true conservative protection is not
to he found in grasping at power, which they hold weakly
and wield ignorantly; but that it is to be found in identify*
ing themselves with the best interests of the people, and
in advocating their rights and privileges.
A DINNER TO THE CRIMEAN MEN in the neigh-
bourhood was given at Stroud last week. Upwards
of 250 persons were present, and the dinner went off
with great eclat. The usual toasts were drunk and
responded to with much enthusiasm. Lieutenant-
Colonel Halliwell replied on behalf of the officers
and soldiers who had fought in the Crimea,
and passed a handsome tribute to the memory of
Lord Raglan, "whose character had been severely
handled, but whose reputation would at some future
day shine forth brightly."

A BRIG in ballast was wrecked on the Goodwin
Sands last Monday morning. The Ramsgate life-
boat was put off at daylight and rescued the crew.
The mate, however, had been washed overboard. A
melancholy wreck also occurred last week, off the
Scarsferry coast, of a Russian brig from Liverpool to
Vasa. The vessel was driven ashore near Ham, and
for three hours, from the absence of a lifeboat on
the coast, crowds of people witnessed the breaking
up of the vessel, and the gradual drowning of the
crew, one after the other, as they were washed over-
board. A boat was at length brought from Scars-
ferry, launched, and the last two of the crew saved.
A COMMERCIAL TRAVELLER, a Mr. E. Rember, was
found on Thursday drowned in the lock of the
Aylesbury Canal, about two miles from the town.
There is some mystery connected with his death, for
he was last seen about eight o'clock on Wednesday
night in the town of Aylesbury, and it is incompre-
hensible why, on a wet tempestuous night, he should
have walked out two miles to the canal. A large
sum of money was found on his person.
A PAINFUL CASE of the death of a Hungarian re-
fugee of high rank, from absolute starvation, oc-
curred on Monday at Hull. The deceased, Count
Adolph Werdinsky, for some years past had endea-
voured to obtain a living by medical practice, and
lately, after many vicissitudes, had settled at Hull as
a teacher of languages. He obtained but few pupils ;
for weeks together he realised no more than three or
four shillings, and on Monday last he died from
starvation. He has left a wife and child, who have
experienced severe sufferings during the last few
weeks; but the poor man resisted any appeal for
charity. A subscription for the wife and child is
being raised.
AMONG THE ARTICLES advertised as "Foundibut
not yet owned," at the recent musical festival at
Gloucester, is a "set of teeth," a loss rarely heard
of, but one which must he unmistakeably felt by the
owner.

Dn. Boarri, the treasurer of the Society of Arts,
opened the session of the Lewes Mechanics' Institu-
tion with an address upon the means of promoting
education in this country. Reviewing the ground
won of late years in the cause of education, Dr.
Booth pointed out the advantages of information,
and the necessity of education in the present age.
To the question how information was to be acquired
by a labouring man, he would reply by a truth some-
what overlooked in educational discussions

It is this, that learning must come from within,
not from without—that listening to a lecture is not
learning—that looking at a man making experiments
does not teach you to manipulate in science. Only
think of a man learning to make shoes, or to sing,
or to play ou a musical instrument, by attending

THE PRESS.

lectures on shoemaking or music. Believe me, as there
is no royal road to literature, there is no railroad to
the temple of science; " coaching " may take a man part
of the way, but it invariably leaves him worse prepared to
encounter the difficulties of the rest of the ascent. He
who wishes to mount must gird up the loins of his mind.
Lectures and teachers are all very well to keep idle boys
to their work and to stimulate the indolent. They are
also useful, like fingerposts, to point out the road you
should follow, but they will take you very little of it.
A man can no more learn by the sweat of another
man's brains than he can take exercise by getting another
man to walk for him. All mental improvement resolves
itself ultimately into self-improvement. The food of the
mind is like the food of the body—it must be assimilated
before it can benefit the system. I do not mean to deny
tact teachers are of use to those who are beginners in
the elements of any branch of knowledge, just as corks
are to those who are learning to swim, or as an infant
requires to be held up by its nurse when first attempting
to walk. Let this be a great encouragement to him who
desires to learn, who with a moderate share of ability has,
above all things, that strength of purpose and energy of
will which will carry him through. If there be such among
you, let him be assured that the differences between the
facilities which the rich and poor respectively have for
acquiring knowledge are not so great as is commonly
imagined, especially in this country, where a man can pro.
cure for a few shillings the very best manuals and text-
books in almost any branch of literature or science.

Ihhiii.