The Express.
London, England, 1852-09-04 00:00:00

on v,. ~ r.i..;.: about aces' le (inure precisely 0.11007., l•
iat.l d• g. 19 sees.) liithi r at .he moon's culminations than
mhes she is sin hours distant from the meridian. U e I..ase
teen's 4 from our v diva centrist:oiling metals r, Pr.-fes.i.e
Dose.. e iveseniottun to this meetit.g, an important cam
Lineal .1 all his r. • . rehes On the temperatures at the stir
bee o. the iI be In former COMMUolleatiol.l he has tur
sighed us with map* showing, so far as observation per-
sole, the ix/thermals of the whole globe In every month of
the y.... Ile has how given us, first, the normal tempt.
raters •of e.:ch parallel of latitude in each month, being
the as ags of all the temperature. in that parallel in such
festal . and, second, the abnormal temperatures, or the
dffer...cre between the temperature of each place and the
fears temperature of its parallel. From these again arc
bunt I lines of ahnornisl temperature for each month,
surrounding and marking out those iliaricts and localities'
whirl from penal's• olive of the surface or other cause'
eiffectiez the distribution of heat, are characterised by
*se., se shimmed hest or abnormal cold. The impor-
tance .:' thin rest nrehes on the general theory of the
owe, ohieh inti-rfen with the equable il. 'bution of
twat ...e mime to latitude is obvious. The activity
which has prevailed so greatly of I..te, in the collection
of no • • mologiesl data, has leen al m •st exclusively confined
to th it portion 01 the surface of the globe which is oc-
legit.; by land, Although the portion covered by the
Ocean . • not only much greater in intent, but is also better
suited !..r the whit on of several meteorological problems.
Maar ••iikier examples might he adduced to show that it
Is tt ity acrostic dinetion," and not " individual zeal " in
moral Rua, which hss been wanting, and it has been there-
/sire with great satisfectios that meteorologists have learnt
that a oroposition has recently been made from the United
States :iivernment to the British government, to under-
take, . I:Jointly..aid in cooperation, a system of masker*.
logical distrvations, to be made at era in all ships belong-
ing t. the Laval st nice of the two esuntries, and suill
tient!, simple to h: participated in by the merchant servicealso. • In a partial trial which has boss already made of
this '..tens in the United State., it has bees found to pro-
duce i salts which, exclusive of their rientific bearing, are
of gal .' importance to the interim's efmaelgatien and com-
merce, in meterielly shortening W IM know-
ledge - f prevailing winds and at partieshr season+.
The p. antral advantages arising been the co-ordination of
the olvervatioas in the Ilydrogrephlwellee of the United
States. and the circulation of the shahs of the winds and
curet:it% and of the sailing directions feendeil esthete, have
bleu such and so appreciated, that then an now, as it is
stated. more than 1,000 masters of Asterisms ships engaged
to striking them. The request for British com:,eration in
an undertaking so honourable to the country in which it
erigiu..ted, was referred in the spring of this year by the
Earl of Melniesbury to the president and council of the
Royal Society fora report; from which I permit myself
to god* the c including sentence, in the persuasion that
It would find an echo, if necessary, in every part of the
Unit. d K iugdozu. and that it cannot fail to be promptly
acted upon by the government of a country in which mari-
time interest. hold so manual a place : "To the go-
vernnient of this country the demand for co-operation and
fur the interchange of ebservations is most earnestly
addre•sed by the government of the United States ; and
the President and Council of the Royal Society express
their hope that it will not be addressed in vain. We poe-
tess it. utar sines of war, in our packet service, and in our
vast tonasercial navy, better means for making such obser-
Tahoe.. and a greater interest in the results to which they
lead, thin by any other nation ; (or this purpose every ship
whirr is under the control of the Admiralty should be
furnished with instruments properly constructed and cons-
pared. and with instructions for using them; similar instrue-
tion. 1.. r making and recording observations, as far as their
mean will al:•iie, should be given to every ship that sails, '
with a request they will transmit the results to the Ilydro-
graph,r's-ollite of the Admiralty, when an adequate staff
of ote en or other should he provided for their prompt
exam nation, and the publication of the improved charts
and soling directions to which they would lead ; above all,
it seems &sir shle to establish a prompt communication with
the Itydrographer's office of the United States' so that the
united labours of the two greatest naval and commercial
nations of the world may be combined, with the least prac-
ticable delay, in 'promoting the interests of navigation."—
Alienist the meet valuable results which the physical
"[Cenci s may expect to obtain from this extensive system
of nautical observation, we may reckon the construction
of charts of the isothermal. of the surface of the ocean
corresponding to every month in the year, similar to 1
Dove's monthly isothermal' of the temperatari of the air;
and a knowledge of the normal seadition as well as the
abnormal variations, with their spatial thanes end effects, of
the groat Oulf-stream which cansests the sheen' of the Old
and New World, and in Ito normal effects is influential
in mmy ways on the climate of the United States and
We in, en Europe, while its abnormal effects are principally
known, so far as we are yet aware, by the peculiarities of
climate they occasionally produce on the European side of
the Atlantic. Of the extent, depth, and limits of this re-
mark.thle current in ordinary and extraordinary years, we
are, as yet, very imperfectly informed. Of the zoology of
the great tract. of ocean which are covered by its banks
of seaweed, we know nothing beyond the fact that they
are the habitation of a countless number of ocesnie ani-
mals• giving rise possibly to deposits which may have dis-
tinctive characters from littoral deposits or from those of
'urine estuaries. But, doubtless, we can now estimate
only • very small part of the advantages which terrestrial
physics as well as hydrography and navigation wool ds-
rive from the concurrent exertions of the two great mari-
time nations in the way that has been pointed out. Thu
analozy of the configuration of the land and sea on the
north of the continents of Asia and Amens, has for some
time hest caused an opinion to to entertained that the sea
on th, north of the Parry Islands might be as open as it is
known to be throughout the yeas in the same latitude on
Use north of the Siberian Islands. The expectation that
Wellington Strait might, as the continuation of Barrow's
&nu,. prove a channel of commtioation from the Atlantic
into teat part .f the Polar Ocean, has been considerably
strengthened in the last year by the discoveries which we
owe to the hardihood and intrepidity of our merchant sea-
men. The access to the Polar Ocean and the degree in
which it may be navigable for purposes of discovery or of
scientific research ere among* the few geographical pro-
blems of high interest which remain to be solved ; and we
may woad/tidy look for a Watley In the direction at least
that has been adverted to, by tas
iedition which h
been despatched under Sir = Belcher to follow
up the discovered traces of Sir lein Esnalia's vessels.
Allusions have been made by ininthehl Unhand in in-
fluential places, to a direct repremmtallsa of nines la
parliament ; and we frequently hear "Weo armed that
parliament might be improved by a greater adasiztore of
men who might be chosen as the reprommintives of the in-
tellectual cultivation oe the nation, mows those who re-
present its material interests. TM bend& whisk the login
imisee might derive frees a change of Oh is a
q•nition rather foe statesmen then Ise mo:711=, end
would be quite unsuitable for diesteeit Int thellintrepeet
to the influence which suck timer wined amiss en
oasis, itself and eta its ealtivallses. lima Wing is me
to eonsider both its peehable and
I have no hesitation hi se =rid
opinion, my belief that the pis wens d be in
Wenn* entwelghed by On es• swabs mile; ani that
Monti& men same tee highly sake and desire te retain
ties stints's,* they sew poems In the undisturbed ember
meat of their est pursuits, astrenbied by the ezeitthewhe
and distinetisse of political life. Some there are
us, and some there ever have bane se=iara lo =
which Wimp with it public dation bat with a sing
natural taste km the lanai& of de menage es sm
coed in a phew Mr hies degree is g be& ler
cm is ie. snob ems the mem Immediee mid le the mum
admired. Moms k nemilbols the elms* et they=
diermition. end Wham low meth mem adebt
ham bres
admened by an molletied aliteatira. The
sessomy
ame points weals he sash mon as
the twat rentable myeassetatives of minis in the
tun of which they already form a pert The seleadiallit
amongst them of a sirloin amber le be perienhely
eliarged with the drainer watching mer and peatmedithe
interests of science, either with gmemmenter in the
loom appear+ in this view a wont boggy mpeiliont •
Nano, read over the mate of the mailmen ant petlimen
who form the Parham /atm _Committee ef the /MS Aar I
ciatn, within& being Mieled that Menem Iranidl nil he
likely to be moo orf=ale ably seneseented by
say system of ant w misYss ; nee sea we Is* M the
discretion and whim with width the inemedinne
of the s ben been eintincted in the dm year of
its mistime, wfthent Wag with the bantam it
is destined to reader untses Beth iv the esestey
and to ourselves. I Mee new esenniml fely
se much of your tholi mil MIMI= no Ima mature I.
Weise,* upon, and yet be,. bend it impeseible le .
bead within the Mills of a disiussol an the MON 1=
1 would gladly has sailed your nedenewen fa these Mewls,
of knowledge is whisk I may esnaider myself at least min.
formed in three of the seven depart mats into which oar
wiener is divided. I have left wholly untowhed these
wide fields of paw and natural history, which monist of
themselves have furnished fitting objects for an address of
still longer duration. No use son be more sensible of this,
and of many other imporholass and deficiencies, than the
individual who aelrethle ; if he has not wholly
failed in the puneses be —if the impression which
he has osissososod to ociars7, however faint may be the
image, he true Se that which it is intended to represent—
rve net fabil te recognise the gratifying *Sue of
eheat seisms la the tall career of onsrastio eines and ad-
vancement. premien Inward la every direction le 1111 the
fall messene ef the spire eff its activity in the demaia of
intellectual mature ,• Plinnlinll on the one hand of the
'minutest details in hie mane eramMation of namel bets,
and on the other 11Z k knetkaki_dien Into
generaltiltions of the eidit Abets am el these
principles of isduethe y, mm the oneut
guide of the bums knelled to the emgedsmelen of the
laws awl order of the material universe.
Dr. lio H meow semi a vote of thanks In highly ompli!
aisulary terms 111 Odom! &bins, for the discourse be had
delivered. _ _ -

Tice ;a 0s of Masks wu then asondod by Mt MOULT
Da La Boons, sod adopted.
Ms. Patois, doewtaatAlwalsol flotratary, then an-
scumod Oat So order of boatman tor the do, foUowiag
would appear la *az *wail in the man* ; and as the
subteet of abaft be MOM that, last year, at the amen
of the Astostollas i Irwith, they had &Nabbed, is es
Ant day, 110 old Ith netalwaq Mast, they had a-
utos/ MG ; they bid
_eitalood& taw tam-
:01 3s they hod eitalsod St he *eta Moo hod
di wawa sue_amm,_is &Mau Ibej holl_ ob.
lobed 41. (OhasoL) Ia apes ell they
fith hod amolsed 70
our otomhaok la Belfast ;la w they lad *-
Wood 115 maeohleo, 1111114 they lad dm* oblokod
817. (ChewaL) They had a lure sotahr of hostages
he Ms esmattys lot
sirposurfag to Ma Mood Mohllitlaa: 10
ollsodol the of the sassillis, as yet Soy had
only kw lot yaar they somhol 11l