The Express.
London, England, 1862-04-05 00:00:00

THE ALBERT MEMORIAL FUND.

LATEST IN!

M.

THE JAPANESE AMBASSADORS.
A despatch from Marseilles announces the land-
ing at that port of the Japanese Ambassadors•
They were received by the Marquis de Trivia°,
senator, and by Count de Maupas, with military
honours.

qi!D#T..

v.ectwo.-w:s:w: tox.x.w.

fresh to moderate.
lreland.-B.W. to N.W., strong
to fresh, May.
Central.-8.8.W. to W.N.W.,

sliO;3r7.
11..C005t..78.W. to N.W. to

N., fresh, showery.
B. England.-8.8. W. to W. N. W.
strong to moderate.

The following are a few of the principal amounts
received at the Nansios-howee daring the week in aid of the
Mamelel tad :—Earl of Yount Edgecumbe, 30/. ; H. L
Biechellesheia, Fag., 261. De. ; sobecriptioire from Fulmer
pal* per the rector, 201. Is. 6d.: Earl of Shannon, 201. ;
Bevis B. Omen, Egq., 211. ; the Right Hoe. S. H. Walpole,
111.1*., 90/. ; Lord Weelook, 261. ; Lord &edam, 301. ;
George Haseeelleld, Esq., and Na. licaneefield, 201. ;
William Bradley, Esq., 201. ; David Pugh, Nag., ILE,
201. ; George Gilbert Batt, rag., 101.10 e. ; Maas. Nichol-
ees and liesiert, 101. lae. ; the Bev. Auguries Chweid,
10/. 10s. ; W. Nicol, Eq., N.P., 101. 10e. ; Lady Augustus
B. 2. Bran, 15/. ; the DowegerMounteee of Lichfield, 101. ;

Liesteneat-Colonal Keppel,lol. ; Lieuronant.Owaseal 114
James W. Wallace, HAL, 101. ; Charles J. Flower, Req.,
10/. ; Lady Ridley, tat. ; Lientareant•Ottirmel Sir William
Weiser, NI.P., K.C.H., lOt. ; Mr. Oekorae, Newtown,
Ramer, Clownel. 10/. ; N. P. Lovell, 51. sa. ; Heats IL
Seymour, Esq., Y. ss. ; Charles Bowyer, Fog., 5/. ss. ; Mir
Trafford, Soethwell, be. ; Captain F. 14pertoe, R.N.,
M. fia. ; officers, children, sad manta of the Comearelal
Travellers' School, per U,. Richards, 54 2s. Id. ; Urine-
sant•Colonel Wilkins, OA, bl. ; Richard Foot, Fag., 51. ;
Oland William Theentee, 51. ; Comadasery•Gesenl
Wane, 5/. ; C. W. Craddock, Req., 5/. ; the Mines
Speriert Stanhope, 51. ; Kn. Helm Brymer, 5/.: Blamed
R. Boyle. Rol, Pegs of Honour to the Queen, r../. ; H. B.
Fosses, Faq., St.

•..,
'RESS, SATURDAY EVENING, APRIL 5, 1862. •

merit, called the Makin, was produced thine last
Sunday. The principal scene represents simply
the performance of a cotillon just as it is done in a I
private drawing-room. Some three or four
actresses objected that they would lose caste
by appearing on the stage as dancers ; but the '
manager insisted that to walk through an inci-
dental dance in which they were not expected to
cut professional capers was quite within the terms
of their engagement. The fear of a lawsuit with
the manager induced the ladies to undertake the
parts assigned to them, under protest. But it
happens that they reckon among their friends—
their very intimate friends some of those
fashionable young men in Paris who are
yclept yandina, and (in this instance) be-
long to the Jockey Club. Perhaps I ought
here to explain parenthetically, lest the word
gandins, which you won't find in the dictionary of
the academy, should be thought an opprobrious
term, that it merely means men who spend a great
deal of money in gloves and dinners on the Boule-
verde des Italiens, the name of which in the time
of the Restoration was the Boulevard du Card.
So simple, not to say childish, are French sobriquets
which go the round of the world, and the origin of
which is soon forgotten. How many people know
that the word Jacobin is derived from the existing
Rue Jacob, in which a small political club used to
meet I But rerenons a nos moutons. The gasideu
of the Jockey Club, reinforced probably by other
white-gloved gentlemen of the like kidney, mus-
tered strong at the Vaudeville in order to hiss the
Cotilion off the stage. The immense majority of
the audience was in favour of allowing the per-
-mance to proceed. The claque, that lamentable
--t in all French theatres, a body of

"roughs," hired to applaud, rushed from their lair
in the centre of the pit to the orchestra stalls, and
"showed fight." A commissary of police, girt with
his offiiial scarf, loomed in a trout box, and pte-
vented blows, but failed to restore silence. The
curtain fell, a body of police cleared out the theatre,
and so ended the first night. The management
would now have withdrawn the play for the sake of
peace and quietness, but the government, which
does not much like the Jockey Club, et pour came,
. .

thinks this a good occasion to make a stand against
their pretensions to a theatrical dictatorship.
Positive orders were sent to the Vaudeville from
the Minister of State's office to keep the
Cotillon on the bills. It has been now performed
four times, the rows increasing in intensity
every night. Two evenings ago the Duke de
Gramont Caderonsse, one of the ringleaders of
the opposition, was arrested, but he has since been
released. Last night an immense crowd collected
in the Place de la Bourn to hear news of the fun,
and remained till a late hour. Tue piece was played
in dumb show, the public taking a decided pert
against the gandies, but not being able to silence
their cat-calls. As many as fifty policemen were in
the house, and every now and then a rioter was
dragged out, but all their vigilance failed to
restore order. Some women in the upper boxes
threw their footstools at the heads of the sibilant
party. The piece is not on the bills for to-night,
but it is announced again for to-morrow, and peo-
ple are very curious to know how the quarrel will
end.

M. Boieldieu, the brother of the famous com-
poser of the Dame Blanche, has just died, at the
age of 85.

WEATHER REPORT.--(11118 D At)

SATIIIDAY. AMID. 54 • LEL

{
I .__../i. D. 11. D. 1. 'O. I. Z. L
1.....
——
Runs... lo.sl a is Lw. s a 1
kalniMil
Wall
Maw=
Asiaallail llO4 411 41 LW. 4 r 8
IPOOMPIN..— DLIT 111 41 8.2. I • I
GUAM
Mail .
lwanceseil& 131.01, 13 MW.LW. 1 b 1
DilLienall ... KOS 42 41 LW. I t 2
lignomos
Wit
fral=l°
(ninon %
LIMN WU 4$ 40 LW. 5
Own WU SI OD W.S.W. 1
• 1
Posumoulla
POSTLAND 911.11 011 IS LLW. 4 in i
P 511109911
Mims
/WM

■DDDAT.
N.W. to N.L, trod.

W.N.W. to N.N.E., treat to
moderate.
W. to N., moderate.

N. to N. and N.K., moderate

tough
&W. to N.W. sod N.N.F..
moderate to light.

KXPLANATION.
H.—Barometer corrected and reduced to 32 deg. at mean sea
level : each 10 feet, of vertical rise, causing about one-hundredth
of au inch diminution . and each 10 deg., above 32 deg., causing
nearly threetnndredthe increase. E.—Exposed thermometer
In shade. M.—Moistened bulb (for evaporation sod dew
point). D.—Direction of wind :true-two points WC of
mat-
uetle'. le. Force (1 to 12—estimated). C.—Cloud 11 L
Initials :b, blue sky c, clouds ;detached); t, tog; ball; 1,
lightning ; in, misty (uay) ; o, overcast (dull) ; r, rala ; e. sawn
t, thunder. R rain fall, or mow, or bail. since last =la
Inches acd decimals. 11.—Beeellstairbance 0; tog). Z.

CAPTAIN COLES AM) THE CUPOLA SHIPS.

Captain Coles ham published a letter, in which be
eaten into the history of his cupola ships, agreeing in
details with the statement, made by Mr. Osborne in the
House of Commons yesterday evening. His first vessel,
proposed in 1855, was on the same principle as the Monitor,
which Captain Coles claims to be his own invention,
but prejudice was too strong against him. Mr. BMW
and the Prince Consort gave him encouragement.
Had we sent, he says, two such rate, in
pieces, to China, the forts would have been taken
without the loss of a man, and millions of money saved.
" I consider," continues the captain, " that the defence of
this country must not only depend upon the offensive powers
of our moping fleet, but at the same time our rivers,
estuaries, dockyards, and commercial towns must have the
powers of local defence, and of expanding, by improviso
means, that defence in time of war. It must be re-
membered, and it has been proved by the Monitor, that
this clam of. vowel from their bones% rapid turning, and
light draught of wean, have a great advantage in defend-
ing a harbour or narrow waters against sea-going and
larger vessels, that must cross the Atlantic or the Chan-
nel to attack us ; and, therefore, I can, without any reflec-
tion on the Warrior, of which we have reason to be
Feud, or her projector+, to whom all honour is due,
state that I will guarantee to build two of my shot-
proof raft., with 300-pounders and revoilipveeintlealtields (giving
them • little more length, depth, and , for 00,000 f.
each. And they would inevitably dispute adman to
Spithead against the Warrior or vessels of that class, or
would most certainly either destroy or driveher away. Then,
if in peace times we only bad • few of these vessels as
patterns at each port, in case of war, or the chance of it,
with the powers of our mercantile dockyards,
our rivers and coasts could swarm with them
in an incredibly short thee. They would be
manned by our Coast Valuation and seaboard
population, giving us a stimulus for volantary ser-
vice, with a specific understanding as to where and in what
vessels they would have to fight for the protection of their
own shores and home'. It is of great importance that I
should make it clearly understood that we must have
two distinct classes of iron verde, one to summed,
wooden frigates and line-of-battle ships for me mobs,
and the other for the special protection of our mash.
For both these classes of vessels my principle iv equally
applicable ; it is quite optional whether they' are rigged se
not. It must not be supposed that lam writing this sent
any spirit of finding fault, for it is only due to the prima
Admiralty to say that since the experiments ordered by
their loldships @ix months ago in the Trusty, which weft en
successful, I believe they have been most anxious
ts
further develops this invention."
Mr. Whitworth, in a published letter, contends that the
navy may be armed with artillery which iron-cased ships
cannot withstand, but be protests against the re-adoption of
the smooth bore in preference to the rifled gun. His
experiMente justify him, be says, in stating that not only
solid, but also hollow, fat fronted projectiles, capable of
being charged with exploolve or combustible compounds.
may be fired through the new iron-plated vessels st math
greater ranges than those at which the remit action was
fought between the Asperities' vessels.

AMERICAN NOTIONS OF IRON-CLAD
SHIP&

(From the New York Tulsa of March 22.)
The tut principle of military or naval swum is cone*.
hotbed force. The force of a war vessel is the weight of
her broadside. Iron mail, that the Mow of a ton would shiver,
might stud the Maw of 200 puede for hours. This muds,
will artably be admitted on all hands. Now a Tema'
Inseiside depends, of course, up= her misc. A small gunboat
us 'sly carry two or three pieces, end throw 200 to 300
puede at e c
• breadelde—whße e lan
half a toe . Bu t the a first- frigatan
may herb and throw cost of
• begs eesel is objected to ; and it is gravely asked why
leeimbeds, throwing 220 pounds each, are not
••Met so good, and a great deal cheaper, than
mud which. like the Minnesota, throws 1,100
peruels—both classes to be ironclad! Let the Mots
saswer. The Monitor may throw 340 pounds at a brea-
st& (if Captain Dahlgren will comsat to her guns firing
solid shot, instead of hollow shot, es they did at the Mer-
rimac), end her cost was 275,000 dole. The Stevens battery
will throw 2,200 pounds at a broadside, and cost 1,250,000
dols. Is other words, the cost of the Monitor per pound
of ~
broadside is 808 dols, while that of the Stevens battery
par pound of broadside is 588 dole., or 30 per cent. cheaper.
But this only half states the case ; for while the small
venal can oonceotrate bat 340 pounds upon one
point, the large bull era coneutrate a ton.
Or, with re/Kenos to the money, the govers.
mat already has in the Stevens battery her
cart, for a given weight of broadside would be less than
half—only 40 per cent.—of that of the small vessel. Again,
the casemate guns and other expensive and mummery
features of the British Warrior—a vessel of the rune size,
but of less used and broadside than the Stevens battery—
have raised the cost to an excessive amount ; while the
large sums ex= by the Messrs. Stevens on their ves-
sel, and not to the government—expenditures on
the dry-dock, preliminary expainseets, &c.—and the employ-
ment of witarproteettea, which costa nothing, -have
greatly reduced the and of this vessel below a
fair contract price. Hence the remarkable fact,
that although the Warrior throws but 70 per
cent. of the Stevens vessel's broadside, her cost per pound
of broadside is nearly three times as great. These facts are
before Congress, and we do sot expect to hear any more
objections to the Stevens battery oa the ground of her cost
as due to her size.
But the most important branch of the subject is yet to
be mentioned. No small vessel is fast. No small vessel
can be fast, and. carry her armour and armament. It is a
physical impossibility. Doubling the lineal dimensions of a
vessel of given form increases her carrying capacity—act
Wee, but eight times ; or, in other words, it gives her
the buoyancy to hold up eight times as much power of
nirand boilers. On this principle, to a consider-
iblat, and for other reasons which would strike an
segfaser, open examining the vessel, the Stevens battery
carries the power to drive her aboveve 20 miles an hour. The
bud el moaners give her o statute miles an bout,
alb ofie=(oontrary to the certificate of the United
elates inspector) her steam pressure to owls&
that bleed* ow, an argument on the absolute necessity
of speed is unseessary. The Monitor is, no doubt, vastly
superior to the Warrior as to protection and quality of
guns • but of what use is the Monitor's protection and heavy
balls if the Warrior runs away from her? Will un
armour constitute a whit better protection than wooden
walls, or no ship at all, if an ironclad enemy once runs oat
of shot mime in her course up our baboon? And when we
consider that the imperfectly clad Merrimac resisted the
heaviest ordnance afloat in the world for some hours, we
cannot shut our eyes to the fact that one of the carefully-
constructed European armour-clad vessels of superior speed
could safely run the gauntlet of a whole fleet of slow vassals
—especially as oho could run over any of them lying in her
course without firing a gm—on he wcizizrto our cities. Such
is the difference in speed, that the arrior would not re-
main within shot•riume of the Manioc more than *re►
quarters of an hour. These are facts of a most
character. Is there a remedy ? Certainly—fast iron
vessels. And to be fast, they must be large.
But it will be urged that the greater part of our ironclad
enemies will probably be slow, and that however certainly a
fast and heavy viral may destroy the enemies that it can
engage, those that it cannot serge will escape unharmed.
For this purpose, and for other reasons, we have repeatedly
urged the construction of more Monitors. But it must not
be forgotten that sines the Stevens battery is abolutely un-
rivalled in speed end oonesstretion of power she eon
sot only overhaul and engage a fleet of slower vbsels, one
after the other, but that she ean make short work of them
when she does catch them. She will not quarrel long with
any Merrimac, for if her broadside--a ton of metal hurled at
cue spot--cannot do the business, her prow will. The hoes
of a North River steamboat and an iron prow with 6,000 tam
of weight, and above 8,000 horse power behind it, are not •
good thing to stand in front of.
We urged, the construction of iron-clad vessels at the
very beginning of this war—in time to have had a fleet of
them afloat when they were wanted. Now, we must ear-
nestly urge that a portion of the new iron-flavor/ails should
be faat. When some faster enemy, distancing oar fleets,
lays some wealthy city under contribution, we presume the
department will take the same view of the case.

The French jury of the London Exhibition asa.
bled on Thursday, under the presidency of Prince Napoleon,
to elect their own president. The choice they made is not
without some political significance, the question being put—
" Whether it would be best to elect a free-trader or a
protectionist?" several of both having been proposed as can-
didates. The votes were as follows :—For M. Michel Che-
valier, 32 ; M. Dumas, 14 ; General Morin, 3 ; M. Xenia°,
3 ; M. Combo, 1; M. Drava de Lhuys, 1; M. Schneider,
1; M. Bouningault, 1. M. Chevalier had, therefore, a very
large majority in his favour.
Advicee from Chili by the last West India steamer
mention a statement which had become prevalent of the
discovery of an enormous quantity of silver at a place about
100 leagues from Copiapo, in the great desert of Ata-
cama. The assertions with regard to its abundance even on
the wince of the soil are mat extraordinary, and a num-
ber ei people had started for the spot, many of whom, with
their lames, had perished on the journey from want of food
aid IMAM Some who bad set out had turned back from !Rost Ton/ans.—ln the autumn of last year the
dewed sal exhaustion ; but it was expected that more peal- Federal government sent an order to this country for the
Ike statements would shortly be received, when, supposing construction of four iron towers similar to that now on
ties to confirm the expectations excited, an organised eye- board the Monitor. The commission I was accepted, and
Ins of triumit would probably be attempted. would have been faithfully executed if the Treat Oak
had net occurred, and so prevented the shipment of all
• Earls letter says :—" For the present everyone warlike stores, and among them these particular '
her. belonging to the upper classes seems to be bent upon castles. The contractor is now saddled with the
be sootobitt. produce of his labour, as in the meantime,
pursuing a round of dissipation too fatiguing the Americans supplied theMselves on the spot
The Countess Persigny has brought in, by giving her last and he now contemplates offering them to the Emperor of
ball at midnight, 'Julien' in a fair way of being widely the French, as on this aide of the water we are pprorovided
adopted, as well as one that will make the sociability of the with Coles' cupolas, which weigh only 72 toes to 's •
brilliant world more life-consuming than it ever has been. 200 tons. No little differs's°, of weight for a ship to
arm..—Arway and Navy aortae.
Soirees now commence loog after 10 o'clock, private cos- ARCHBISHOP OF OANTIDLEURT.—Yesterday
cute at about 11, and balls at 12. When they end may his Graoe the Archbishop of Canterbury honoured Mr.
easily be inferred from the time of their beginning. The Mayes, the photographer, with a visit mid sitting at his '
wearing effects of such unnatural hours on the conatitu- studio, in Regent-street. The veserable primate he=at
lion are warded off by the Lidice, and, leased, often by the entered his 83rd year, mad is in the enjoymeot of t
gentlemen, in • manner so ingenious that it deserves to be health-
UONIHRELATION AT THE EAST END. —The Lord
recorded, Dineen are ordered half ea hoar earlier than
Bishop of Worcester held a confirmation yesterday (Friday)
they an usually served, and ionised of Wag "'ha far the Lord Bishop of London in the district cf Christ-
half-Prat 7ee 8, are over at 7 *ad half-pied 7, so that Par" elm* Watney-street, when 300 candidates were catina&
goes ol quality can go to bed and have a keg sleep betas I slf these upwards of 100 were preempted by the Rev. G. IL
they drew to go oat at midnight." MaeGdl, the incumbent of the distract ; 60 by the Rev. T.
The last of the eons of Audubon, the great Dan- .7. Deena rector of St. Marpret's, Lothbury ;60 by t.mete of St. Peter's Stepoey ; 23 by the clergy 01
relict, hes just died in the United States, The widow et s Mission ; and smaller cumbers from St. Marfa,
Audubon still Urea. She is nearly ninety years of age. and All Sainte. The earnest
.address ofhin
Mr. Raney, the horse-tamer, has caused immensehreihfp
i'detioa deep
rom haPt.""°• c• the mehdetee add the
areitement in Hams. The captain-general used all the —11;i1-1)170POSED VOWlTifft6 Bssivirr.—ln eon-
principal persons have patronised hire. sequasse of Lord Cl having declined the invitation to
According to &deices from Nassau, New Provi- teriesee to be held at the
deuce, by way of the United States, telt had advanced fled
per pound. ' toa Pat viatlimitheom
the
banquet altogether.
tnittee hays
rasa red on