The Express.
London, England, 1863-02-03 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 3, 1863.

from the domination of NsrotsoN. These com-
menced in 1808. In that year Sir ARTHUR
Wia.utstar was despatched to Portugal, and
soon after landing fought and won the battle of
Vimiera, the result of which was the convention
of Cintra and the evacuation of Portugal by the
French. Sir JOHN Moose, superseding him,
then commenced the march into Spain, of which
the retreat to Corunna, and the battle fought
on the 16th January, 1809, was the disastrous
conclusion. It appears from an official state-
ment obtained by General NAPIER, and published
in the appendix to the first volume of his history,
that the British troops not in India and the
colonies were reckoned in that year of 1808 at
160,000, and that of these 48,341 rank
and file, or, with officers, above 50,000,
were sent to Spain and Portugal. Besides
these there were, under a treaty signed in
March, 1808, 10,000 men garrisoning Sicily.
This makes a total of upwards of 60,000 men and
officers; and it was stated by Mr. Tanury, and
admitted by Mr. CANNING, in the House of Com-
mons on the 24th February, 1809, that 13,000
more troops were actually on board the transports
when the news arrived that Sir Joint Moose,
instead of desiring reinforcements, was forced to
re-embark before the overwhelming force of the
French. The result was that we were about to
leave in the United Kingdom not more than
87,000 regular troops, or 2,000 less in number
than in this time of undisturbed tranquillity we
are invited to maintain.

In the next year (1809) we had in Spain at the
date of the battle of Talavera, on July 28, 35,410
rank and file, including asmall proportion of German
cavalry, while on the very same day we sent from
these shores the disastrous Walcheren expedition,
consisting of above 41,000 men—the whole
expeditions amounting, with the troops in
Sicily, to 86,000 men, and leaving only
89,000 regulars in the British Islands.
And two years later, when we had upwards
of 60,000 men in Spain alone, we maintained a
reserve of less than 100,000 regulars at home,
not solely for defence, but to enable us to supply
the incessant drafts which the losses in the field
and in hospital compelled us to send out.
Nor let it be imagined that we followed this
course because the naval power of France was
broken, and her armies too much occupied to
menace our shores. In 1811, Mr. HUSHISBO24
estimated in Parliament the French fleet u con-
sisting of 98 ships of the line and frigates, ready
for sea, and 46 more building and repairing, com-
posing a fleet nearly a half larger than our
neighbours can hoist at present. Enjoying per-
fect internal tranquillity, having just cemented an
alliance, political and matrimonial, with Austria,
and wielding undisputed sway over above
80,000,000 of men in Europe, France might
have easily at any moment massed her whole re-
serves on the heights of Boulogne, supplying their
place with drafts from the Spanish army, which
the EXPEROR habitually maintained at above
300,000 men. To sacrifice the conquest of
Spain in order to achieve that of England
would have been no very surprising determination

on the part of NAPOLZOI'i, and we could not, there-
fore, from day to day consider ourselves as
not liable to attack. Above all, being then
at war, we were without means of knowing any-
thing of the disposition of his troops, and could
not guess when or where the blow might falL
Yet all through the period during which we were
thus directly threatened our army consisted of
20,000 fewer men than it does now, and even
after we slammed the offensive we were for
seven years at war before our reser►e of re-
gular troops at home exceeded its present
standard. Were our fathers then rash fools
in their defiance of their enemies, or are we
the dupes of needless alarms 1 Were they vain-
glorious in their self-confidence, or are we weak in
our terror f Or if they and we are none of these,
for what purpose, over and above self-defence, is it
that our army is now kept up to the standard
suitable for a gigantic and desolating war t

LATEST INTELLIGICNOIL

THE lONIAN ISLANDS.
SPEECH OF THE ENGLISH RESIDENT
AT CEPHALONLL

We translate from the Grece the text of a speech
delivered a few days ago by the English Resident
at Cephalonia to the principal persons of the city,
who had waited upon him. This speech has been
very briefly mentioned by the telegraph :
. .

I thank you, gentlemen, for the honour you have done
me in attending this soiree. On this occasion I can announce
to you that Great Britain has decided upon laying
the first foundation of the resurrection of Greece by
the abandonment of the lonian states aod the annexa-
tion of it to Greece. The English occupation of these
islands has lasted about fifty years, and daring that time
some enmity between the two nations has manifested it-
self. It is necessary that this should be forgotten. The
English army will soon quit the shores of your beautiful
isles, and will be replaced by a Greek army. England is
grateful to the Hellenic nation for the love and devotion
it has shown for our young Prinoeitlfred, and she regret&
deeply that the politics of Europe prevent her from yield-
ing to the desires of the Greek nation, which has preserved
the most ardent and lively recollections of her greatness and
of her glory. Moreover, England and the English people
will not cease to feel the warmest love and the greatest
interest in the Greek nation. England and Greece allied
can introduce civilisation even in the Oriental world. That
Greece may return to her ancient glory and bet ancient
brilliancy is my wish from the bottom of my eon!.

AMERICA.

(811:111W8 TRLROWL )
LONDONDERRY, Fn. 3.

The Canadian steamer Jura arrived here this
morning from Portland. She brings 25,000 dole.
in specie.

NEW YORK, JAN. Z, MolutufG.
(Per Jun.)
_

General Burnside's address to the army of the
Potomac is dated the 20th inst., and informs the
army that they are about to meet the enemy once
more. "The gallant actions in North Carolina,
Tennessee, and Arkansas have," he says, "divided
and weakened the enemy on the Rappahannock,
and the auspicious moment has arrived to strike
a great and mortal blow at the rebellion,
and gain the decisive victory which is due
to the country." General Burnside calls for
the tirm and suited action of officers and men, and
the army will then have taken the great step to-
wards restoring peace to the country, and to the
government its rightful authority.
Generals Franklin and Rookor's divisions moved
off on the 20th inst. by the rear of Sumner's divi-
sion, seven or eight miles above Falmouth, on the
Rappahannock.

Bumner's division remains opposite Fredericks-
burg, with orders to move at a moment's notice.
Heavy rains have fallen, rendering the marching
difficult.

The government continues reticent concerning
the movements of the Potomac army.

NEW YORK, JAR. 23.

On Sunday last the Confederates threw up new
intrenchmente in the rear of Fredericksburg, and
exhibited great activity around the heights oom-
mending the city, so as to render another crossing
of the Rappahannock by General Burnside at the
same point very difficult.
Considerable skirmishing continues to take place
around Baton Rouge, and the city has been nearly
entirely evacuated by the inhabitants. The Federal
force there is stated at 8,000 men.
At the late battle near Murfreesboro' the Union-
ists are said to have lost 1,470 killed, 6,800
wounded, and 2,000 prisoners.
The Richmond Examiner says that the South is
now on the high road to peace :

This road does not lie by way of Europe. The South
pursues this road when, retiring upon its thorough organi-
sation and hard fighting, it marches straight upon the
enemy, and it loses the road whenever it looks beyond its
own exertions for ending the war. Foreign intervention
may be a formality attending the conclusion of peace, but
peace, when it comes, will come only ae a consequence of
the established convictions that the South cannot be con-
quered. This conviction has made tremendous strides in
the North within the last three months, and ia hourly ex-
tending. The South is therefore infinitely nearer pesos
than it was a year ago. The North may be vindic-
tive enough to pursue a war of hatred and spite
indefinitely ; but it is not in human nature to resist in the
end the logic of sober second thought which teaches that
pion is cheap and war expensive—pekoe a mine of wealth
and war the grave of all prosperity."

The Richmond Despatch says :—" The enemy is
concentrating a heavy force, with a view to strike
a blow at the main line of railway connecting
Richmond with the far South. Their forces at
Newbern and Morehead city number 50,000. It
is said that a powerful fleet is at Morehead city
with a view to an early naval attack upon Wil-
mington whilst a simultaneous movement is made
upon Weldon."
Governor Letcher, of Virginia, has called out
26 regiments of militia from all counties near to the
North Carolina line to aid in repelling any invasion
of the enemy from that direction. The militia will
rendezvous at Petersburg for six months' service.
A camp of instruction for convicts is to be
established at St. Petersburg.
The Jackson Mississippian thinks that the banks
of the Mississippi, either at Vicksburg or at Port
Hudson will be the theatre of the last grand
battle of the war.

not serve to make a serious impression on the
rebels, if at the end of that term the North is no
further advanced than at the beginning—if some
malignant fate has decreed that the blood and trea-
sure of the nation shall always be squandered in
fruitless efforts—let the North bow to her destiny,
and make the best attainable peace."
The appearance of the Confederate privateer
Retribution off St. Thomas is confirmed. She is
schooner-rigged, and was formerly the steam-tug
Enoch Train, of Boston. She is very fast.
The inaugural address of the Governor of Dela-
ware expresses strong Union and emancipation
sentiments and favours a vigorous prosecution of
the war.

The steamer Golden Age sailed on the 20th from
San Francisco for Panama with 1,338,000 dole. in
specie for England,and 354,000 doles for New York.

NEW YORK, Jaz. 24, MORNING.

General Burnside's intended forward movement
has bean postponed in consequence of the state of
the weather. No troops have crossed the Rappa-
hannock. The army has resumed its old position.
The New York Tribune asserts that General
Butler will return to take the command at New
Orleans.

The republican journals approve the dismissal of
General Fitzjohn Porter. The New York World
says :—" The administration has struck another
blow at the Army. General Porter's dismissal is a
sovereign injustice."
The turretted steamer Weehawker has safely
arrived at Fortress Monroe, after encountering
severe gales.

NEW YORK, Jay. 24, Evimnro.
General Evans bas left Memphis for another
attack on Vicksburg.
General Bragg, in an address to his army, claims
to have captured at Murfreesboro' 10,000
prisoners, 30 pieces of artillery, 7,000 small arms,
and 800 waggons.
The Federal" have captured St. Charles, Duval's
Bluff, and Desarie, on the White River, and their
gunboats are over 300 miles above the mouth of
the river.

Intense excitement and uproarious proceedings
continue in the New York Assembly. No speaker
has yet been cboeen.

QUEENSTOWN. Fin. 3.

The Inman steamer City of Baltimore, which
arrived here this morning, brought 11 bags of
mails, 69 passengers, and 606,720 dole. in specie.
NEW YORK, JAL 24.
(Per City of Baltimore.)
_

Heavy rains, making the roads impassable, have
rendered the advance of General Barnside's army
beyond the Rappahannock for the present impos-
sible. The condition of the roads delayed the
transportation of the pontoons and heavy artillery,
and prevented the surprise of the enemy at the
points designated for crossing the river. No
troops, therefore, crossed, and the whole army re-
turned to its former position.
Western journals anticipate an immediate attack
on Rosencranz by Longstreet.
Four thousand eight hundred prisoners from Ar-
kansas Poet have arrived at Cairo.

A resolution has been offered in Congress, en-
quiring if General Burnside had formed any plans
for movement since the battle of Fredericksburg,
and whether subordinate officers had written to
Washington to interfere with such movement, and,
if there had been interference, by what authority.
Congress has rejected the Secretary of the Trea-
sury's banking scheme, as presented by the Com-
mittee of Ways and Means.
The bill now before Congress provides for raising
900,000,000 dols. by 20-year six per cent. loans,
300,000,000 dole. by 3-year six per cent. Treasury
notes, and a further issue of 300,000,000 dole.
' legal tender notes.
The New York Assembly has reached its nine-
teenth ballot for a Speaker, but none has yet been
chosen.

The Mexican minister at Washington has com-
plained to the Federal government that he was
refused permission to ship arms to a Mexican
blockaded port, while it permitted the shipment
of mules and waggons for the French in Mexico.
Mr. Seward replied that he did not recognise
a state of war as existing between Mexico and the
allies, as there had been no declaration of war ;
therefore the United States could not govern their
conduct by the rules of neutrals, but the prohibi-
tion to ship arms applied to all nations, on the
ground of the military necessities of the United
States.

00313IERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW YORK, JAs. 23, Erzttnto.

Money easy. Exchange on London, bankers'
bills, 163. Stocks lower. New York Centrals,
119/. Illinois, 921. Erie, 78f. Cotton unchanged.
Flour, corn, and provisions good inquiry. Wheat
slightly firmer. Coffee, sugar, and molasses very
firm.

NEW YORK, JAN. 24, Evingurc.

Money easy. Gold 50 per cent. premium. Ex-
change, bankers' bills, 163 to 165. Stocks firm and
advancing. New York Central, 121. Illinois, 96i.
Erie, 79i.

MEXICO.
NEW YORK, JAW. 24.

Advioes have been received from Vera Cruz to
the 3rd of January. It was rumoured that Gen.
Doblado had committed suicide. It was also re-
ported that there was a serious misunderstanding
between Generals Ortega and Comonfort, and that
numerous desertions from the Mexican garrison at
Puebla were taking place.
A conspiracy had been discovered in the brigade
of General O'Horan, and five Mexic►n officers
were shot. 35,000 Mexican troops were at Puebla,
and 10,000 more between there and the capital.
There were 12,000 troops at the capital, 8,000 in
Queretaro, and 12,000 in Guerrero, mostly badly
armed. The fortifications of Puebla are mounted
with 200 guns, and those of the city of Mexico with
a like number.

The Courier, which arrived at Mazatlan on the
3rd instant, reported that the French were en-
camped at Puebla, and were disposing their forces
for au attack on the city.

Au elict has been issued by the governor of Rome
establishing a tariff for cabmen, which is to come hate force
on the Ist of March. The Correspondanee de Rome. a
• French journal published there, is enthusiastic in its praise
of the measure, unimportant as it may seem, and winds up
• long article on the subject by the follow* reflections :
" Such is the wisdom of the Pontifical power ; we like to
detect it and demonstrate it in little things. That wisdom
which directs the spiritual affairs of the world necessarily
retains some reflection of its heavenly inspiration in the
regulation of affairs of an inferior order. And Do think the
wicked, for we take as a proof their rageruces to assert the
contrary."

The railway from Rome to Napimi, with its
omnibus conveyance between Ceprano and Presensano,
continues in operstion, but the traffic upon it between the
two capitals is as yet very moderate, not exceeding twenty
or thirty travellers a day, chiefly 6nt•claw foreigners. The
principal train is hitherto from each city to and from its
own intermediate stations ; but the completion of the line,
which will be in about three weeks, will tempt more tra-
vellers.

W. N.V.-Z:O7.W and soarLAND. N.

INVISIDAT.

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downfall.
W. to N. and back, 11.11L1M. W.N.W. to N.N.E.,
W.B.W.
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N.W.FaAmct.

W.B.W. to N.N.W.,
fresh, to moderate.
As next above.
91mJac.

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W. to N., fresh to coo- ILL INGLAND.

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W.N.W. to N.N.E., t Maar.
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