The Express.
London, England, 1855-02-21 00:00:00

TSB EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 21, 1855.

eigegey.qb ohject would be answered. Should they not be
istidactory, he nest bring forward his motion in a sub-
elentive form. He night say for himself—end he believed
that was the punt Iselln—that so beg as her Majesty's
t wen prepared to urn oe the wee with vigour,
rue bike to interim erMk them ; but, on the
Kwasli
they were amine es per Mem their cordial sup-
was only en their Alm le senduet the war with
vigour that it liquid bump necessary for the house to
expels ille ”inklet OF a feelludee. The peculiarities of our
trade with Ruda were well Mem and it was known that
i.E is *seemliest emeesly be said to exist an industrious
and sisubstering Moo. The wealth of Russia was almost
entirely the produerden of the labour of serfs—hemp, tai.
low. lan, Hawed, sad other articles of that description,
raised from the NU. It toss well known that for these
camislities we were the eustomen of Russia to ten times
the Melia( Of any ether soustry, and more than all the rest
of the world put together. And, further, that these pro-
dustless were raised in • great measure by menu of the
capital of British merchanta,lthat the landed proprietors
of Russia were enabled to raise these productions from
the soil by advances from the British merchants
is Meter to Ulf landed proprietors who sent us their pro-
ducts in summer. Cat off, therefore' this capital, and they
deerseeed the productive power of Russia. Now, at the
outbreak of the war be thought he was correct in saying it
was expected that as much injury would be done by cutting
or her commerce as by the operations of our army and our
feet. It was sale, aad truly, "we are not a groat military
nitre—we have not a great army—but we have a great
!set, which Gan, at lent, blockade the fleet of Russia in
." It was confidently anticipated that from that
blockade the commerce of Russia would be so crippled
that in • short time it would be almost impossible
At the Emperor of Russia to carry on the war.
Histasy was appealed to, and 1801 was cited
na as example. At that time the trade of Ras-
sin wee destroyed, the nobles could not coatribute to the
of the war, and disastrous consequences ensued.
lifilliCruntly, Russia was induced by Napoleon to joie the
continental system, and from that time the rouble de-
dined in value, and its declining in value betokened'
swim Ameisedifilculties to the Emperor of Russia. At
the Mast of this war the value of the rouble was 38d. ; it
fell to 324., and it was confidently anticipated that before
the war bad lasted much longer ruin and poverty would
befall the landed proprietors, and that the Czar would be
in a state of bankruptcy. Now, let them Inquire how far
these anticipations had been realised. He ventured to say
that if our arms had hitherto failed in the Crimea—and
when he said they had he did not imply a doubt as to their
ultimate smess—our operations against the trade of Russia
had failed, and morose. So far from a blockade of the ;oda.
eipal ports of Russia having been efficient, the exports from
these ports had been greater than they ever were before.
The ease might be summed up in this statement—that the
sommans of Ruda had not been injured, and that ten mil.
lions of English money bad gone to Russia in the present
season—eleven millions being the ordinary sum—and that
the value of the rouble, which had fallen to 32d., had risen
to par. When he said that ten millions had gone to Russia
this year, instead of 11 millions, let him explain. We were
in the habit of paying in three ways, first by exports from
this euatry ; seoendly, by amalgamate of foreign cargoes ;
and thirdly, by mousy. The first two :of these
modes of payment had been eat off, and the whole of our
payments this year had been in money, which was
what the Emperor of Russia moot desired, andP":rt2
enabled him to equip his forces. Now, he ventured to say
that if they were to rely on an end being pat to this war on
the measures which had been taken to put an end to the
commerce of Russia, the war would last the life of the
youngest of them. He believed the mat was anticipated
Am the blockade of the ports of the Black Sea and the
Sea of Asoff, for that was a blockade that could not be
evaded by land carriage, the distance being too great.
And of course this was a subject on which
• greet deal of Interest was telt, and several
question were put in that house to the first Lord of the
Admiralts, and he would read from the Daily New the
report of the answers to those questions. Oa the Ist of
June Sir James Graham said "he had on nun than one
occasion endeavoured to give a distinct answer to • ques.
inn nearly identical with that now put. Distinct orders
had been sent by the governments of England and France
to imitate • blockade of the principal Russian pone, both in
the Baltic and in the Black Sea, and the effect of the
blockade would apply to ships of all nations, whether
amidst, French, or English." He went on to say
that de facto this blockade existed. Subsequently,
statements were made to the same silent. Now
it was a fact that these blockades were not instituted, that
up to the present time they had not been instituted. A
blockade in the Black Sea was intended to commence on
the Ist of this month—it was subsequently pat off to the
14th ; and it there had been a blockade at all, it had been
instituted within the last two or three days. What had
been the effect of this ? He had • memorandum which had
been forwarded to him by the Chamber of Commerce at
HuU—s respectable body, who had taken a great deal of
pains to obtain information on this subject, and
who, speaking of tb• trade serried on through the
ports of the Black Sea and the Sea of Anil', said—
" Shipments of linseed have continued to be made from the
Russian ports of the Black Sea and Sea of Asoff, on a scale
unprecedented in say previous year. (Hear.) Since the de-
claration of war, that is, from May to December, 380 to
400
fromyg about 700.000 quarters of linseed, have
sailed the Russian ports of the Black Sea and Sea of
Azar. representing • value to Russia of about • million
sterling in this one article My. The greatest previous
annual export of linseed was in 1863 sad 1864; that nth.
entire twelve months of 1863 being 040,000 quarters, Min
the entire twelve months of 1862 only 446,000 quarters;
whereas in the eight months of this present year of war, in
the face of an snared blockade, we have the enormous
export of 700,000 quarters, and that in an article of the
first magnitude as respects the trade of the Blink Sea.
The injury to British merchants, as alluded to in the fore-
going memorandum, has endued through the interim
since July. The reiterated asenreass on the part of minis-
ters, tbe: the blockade would be strictly enforced, has had
the effect, not only of placing this considerable trade in the
heeds of foreign houses, but the counter operations into
whisk rite said British merchants were driven in conte-
mns of their being se warned off from the Black Sea, are
thaeolsaed with less owing to the immense import from the
very quarter fns which they were thus interdicted, and
flea which gummiest assured them repeatedly nothing
would be Unwed to WON. As • collateral ooasequeace,
the neutral shipowner his found his vessels employed at
high taille, WINNOW Imports of the like articles from
neutral marl* en which British ships could have
been imaged, have Me_ pepeetionally discoursged."
Although ports of ibe Rink In sad the Sea of Azar
had not boss MeatadN, the month el the Danube bad.
If the months et the Daubs bed net helm biothaded, we
should have hem enabled to eheein a large quantity of
corn from the FeheMiliies. TlasseAre the result was
that we had bleskeded the months of the Danube, whisk
we ought not to have blockaded, sad that we had net
blockaded the peels of the Black flee and the lee of
Asoff, which we ought to have bisehaded. The
consequence was that the exports fres JAMB dad
been greater than ever; that the BMA undies%
believing the assurance, of the SINIIIIIII" lad made sot
ringernente in India and eleraffineefixt the ar-
ticles they usually obtained from Hui; OM bed
brought these articles home; and that, se eseepebsded WM
from Basis also, they had sustained • pest ha TAP Mkt
parties who had benefited had been the Greek m
who all along disbelieved in the blockade. Now he
be extremely glad to ham • satisfactory explanation ea Ills
subject. He thought the house would Iwo "Mb big
that sane explanation was due to the WM; ate Its
must say that when his honourable and PAM Mend
the Secretary to the Admiralty, in his speech Se ether day,
ingested the propriety of turning the river though the
Hone Guards, and in which, with great frankame, he said
the war had be diegracetully conducted, he mated in a
manner that would be satisfactory at least to his constitu-
ents; but when he said there was no blame attributable to
the Admiralty, and that be had nothing to explain, he
thought he went rather too far. He was quits prepared to
believe that the First Lord of the Admiralty had • satis-
factory explanation ready, so far as the Admiralty was we-
aselled • but he thought he might venture to lay down this
rule, that the head of • department was answerable for
failures union he showed who the culpable party was; and
es his being disinimed and a better man substituted there
Mame of improvement; bat if they were =into know
wile mato blame, if they were n to lay their hands on
ille foompololo, or the incompetent, or the obstructive, their
mein seemed absolutely hopeless. (Hear, bur.) He
gtthis to Balaklava, and to the authorities in the
i teet who he was sorry to say were not removed, but
Asa whom a commission was sitting. If indeed the
Lord of the Admiralty could show that
Mere was • reason for changing the policy of the
goverument, that our fleet was not efficient
M blockade the ports in the Black Sea, well and good ; but
be was at • loss to know how that could be said, when one
steamer might have effectually blockaded the Straits of
Feertels—which would have been an effective blockade so-
eseiteg to the law of nations—from which exports to the
ascot of two millions had come, and when a Aw steam-
on West have effectually blockaded Odessa and the other
and
ill the Black S. lf, then. we had a competent force,
and Men were sent out to blockade, he thought
Ifs oughtto know why the blockade was not
seeded out. He would now pass to another part
of the subject, namely, the blockade of the
Baltic. We had had two great fleets, one operating in the
Black See, which had not blockaded at all, or done any-
thing, as far an he knew, except fire a few shots at the forts
of Sebastopol, and we had bad another great fleet in the
Battle' which had indeed established an effective blockade
but which had been evaded by means of land-carriage.
Now, be thought be should be able to show that the blockade
In the Baltic had been substantially evaded in a manner
which no doubt was not anticipated. The species of land.
earrings which had been organised by the Emperor of Rus,is,
with the connivance and concurrence of the court of
Fluids, had been brought to • degree of perfection which
mild scarcely have beta anticipated. Upon it a commis-
sioner was appointed by the Emperor of &Nils, a the-
y able man, with • competeat staff, and he made
roads,and those roads had been overflowing with Res-
ell'
ummerce. A vast stream of the Russian commeditiesi'
which 'Queerly came by sea, hem mid tallow, and linseed
end flu, bad flowed along tai used flies Mews to the
Prussian port of Memel, sad hoe No ml hod ltelfeeitipped.'
Thus labour was unionised, ad As war Mee eeeperted in
Russia. He need not say that this sense, through
Prussia, gave Prussia a good ground hie thian is
sweet of neutrality. He multi set lo lam Um
ses iron • very able pesighlie ne 1110 odds*,
by Ms hon. blend the member Rif 11.111MM1.0110.11

I Si J.TOIING said, Wits nadenstuall the beeensuble and
!Mara* eimillemaa properly, be inlindsd making von alight
literntiest In the bill, which had direarby weeded the ap-
proval tithe Wean. Hs wee assompeoll by kW Majoity's
to my, C that they meld.
TM net offer any we* s=theiredneden et the am benezeir=
lelined smillenna had rented his ewe with peat
.al poet Inahases, eel it IMill be well, nadir ii *
eincamaramera, that the measure should be {lei 00 sea-
sale* by the home. Art to the maser ia whisk the in-
tended penis= of the bia were to be iatrodlied. ,he-maid
give se munellnes &eloquent. He would repeal. that the
glielineastwore eanelblie of the moderation and temper
with wig* the honourable and loaned gentleman bad be-
troths* Missals. C. and Jima to be hoped that the house
mold ammo a flab's, to the question.
•
Leave was dna Mbring in the bill.
HOUSES FO TROT WORKING CLAM* IN
LAND.
Mr. DUNLOP meved for leave to bring in • bill in ihei-
Mate the motion of dwelling-holies for the weehis elmese
in
see em Scotland. The him. member urged Pea en fieseemed ,
andatias lee re workiag clauses in flaidowl WS NM-
dared esepomff by the increase of population mad the de-
Men elf ng-beeali, especially in Rdishiergl, where
the beanie of publie buildings had ems* much a defi-
ling of dwellings that families were bred to herd to-
pew in inealmeat apses, and in cellars with all their
seemnpanililille of misery, lid vice. Mere individual
bonevelenn am net oneleient to supply the want, and the
Object of bit bill was to induce capitalists to invest in the
erection of suitable dwelling-houses with a reasonable
respect of a return. The first obstacle was the unlimited
liability of all parties engaged in associations for building
dwelling.housee ; and he proposed by the bill to give a
limited liability to such parties under the authority of the
sheriffs of the different counties, who were to approve of
the sanitary regulations adopted, and to see that the requital
mind was subscribed. He also proposed to remove another
obelisk, by_ substituting for the present expensive oravey.
mos of land, where dwelling-houses were tots erected, the
=l, is ;he *los of the sheriff • plea of the bonn-
et such dwelling marked with • particular
amber. A register book wee to be kept in the
office of the sheriff, and the transfer could be
executed by an entry in the book of the number of the
plan, which would eat about be. or 10e. instead of 71. or
U. There was seme difficulty in getting rates lac such
dwellings, and oleo in converting bad houses into good MOS.
In Glasgow there were Inge blocks of houses in the *emus
parts of the town which had no known owners, and were
inhabited by shams amen, and were dens of potion= and
diem, ; bat no me could acquire property in them, or
bald ea sad imprine them Weans coo title was to be
lifted. He premed lap We bill that any *soapiest moselaties
Si lindling amil bageoving dwelling-homes should, by sew
met el tbileeel melanin, apply to the Court of ilession,
and ea a attain gm Wing paid into court, and retained is
use the heirs to the property should appear, that a pestle.
unitary title amid be given to the purchaser frli of any
future claim. Those were the principal provisions of the
bill, to which ha hoped there would be,no opposition.
Mr. ELLIOT raid that, as • Scotch member, be could
not (main anything more calculated to tales the moral'
character of the p.ople of Scotland, than the hon. member'.
proposal ; and its benefit would be felt not only in the great
towns, bat extended over the whole country.
Mr. KIKNAIRD thanked the hon. member for having
introduced this measure, and cordially agreed with him,
that a men benevolent society, with some legislative provi-
sion would be found ineffectual to correct the evil in •
great city; with the assistance of such a measure as this, it
might be done.
Mr. WILKINSON expressed • hope that the mann
timid be extended to ingland at mew beam period.
Mr. CARDWELL salt ke en* not emenin any subject
, of greater interest than this, and be should be exceedingly
happy to lie. bill betreolit in apes it ; so far as his depart-
-1 mist wen ateeereal, the sentiment would render any
1 lid they Mad he make it • perfect measure ; but there
Wore sone dillkaltire in dealing ail the subject.
Leave was then given to bring in the bill.
PUBLIC CRIMINAL PROSECUTIONS.
ILA 3. 0. PHILLIMORE moved for leave to Wei In
hi bill for the appointment of public prosecute's. He
would not occupy any time now in stating its details, Si be
understood it was not the intention of gonamont to
oppose the first reading of it. It was most important that
every Mop in • minimal peasedlig should he an Mime
by paths autheelty, wed es the law now elesd, all that ha-
portant part dale preetedlep, whisk elapsed bee the ale
orr
eeryw :hat the aim h
read be Oenemitlld Mtil SW psi.
Wei* We a seperiar_jelgo te take his
trial. was lelelk espeevided for. Igen- wiles the ease
=the }demur war eloped before lb. meglelestre, sad
tie ameleatiewe and depositions wows Womb& beam
ajZlte eller, everylbbre wee left to ebratee. 'he sews,
W
tbe aseiesi -pereeester, bat the alasetalsee
was that we ma le psilemaa.le a dot mewl abs.
were le be boat arose el*, sat be/dewed mad prelliplo
al maddad. and over whist the most inameast
=4 nisite to prevent lissraat and cruel abuses
, we gave to these mes ae unlimited power of
pardon and connivance; and we ealrasted them with an
mithoeity whisk in every 'matey bat Ragland was
Mid with as meek anxiety as the honk* of thea
liforelf. Ia may geese it depended es the
trate's sleeks to pessesete ; and there was evidence to
show that the, aenintimis recommended committals, be-
eline they beit abase interest in the lees they would gala
Z timrseaseinnealions. He would not now enter into any
the meld is which he proposed to remedy those
eritsilabriwtosa lb measure was brought forward he should
be to any can who would suggest any leaprmainent.
This matter involved no party inter. et, but that in which
we were all intimated, the pure administration ot.justice.
Ho had eadeavound, by one clause, to provide against an
evil which every one who attended the courts of intim mast
have witnessed with regret. He proposed that prisoners
elmuld have the power of calling witnesses (except wit-
Mimes te character) at the public expense, provided the
Moir a Ides. sanity that eselo witnesses were necessary for
Ia hie opinion, the administration of jostles
mitt to provide ad slaty Si the liaviction of the guilty,
but for the defense of the imlient.

The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said it was very far from
W latsolikse tre eau the slightest opposition to the Law
deetion of tide bill ; but whoa the hon. asd Torrid
easeaber istredesed a bill upon the subject lad smoke,
that bill append is ablest every lawyer in the home to be
an almost leepeless Ill; u is. credo sped's= Of Ws, ler
tioa he never saw. At the ems time he guile *yea that
the subject was very ins sad if imp blew mall he
devised whereby a gesesseete odd be
=:=lwith a ee_d le the ........, =nit
ef the diMenft white =UN be gesselmeed with
solar, as west of peereseggeo he was reedy to *dealt that
the appoiatmese el a pebble ter was most desirable.
He bed awgoded ide le the ben. sod loused
ber. they bed mit te esses
sap
whom the
beimem.. es/ isessei member sold be Matheil sagged arsdriag
better thee tide. It was a meb of the greatest dlibeity.
The whole el our =idles iiiMlNWime of Oaks was
gadgety eiblbet his the enigmas el a_ ?abbe prosecutor,
▪ abome beliesiebet eith it ;it midi be entirely new
and braise lathe ppm* wit= ; he agreed that it 141 it
psseibly be eeesum but it was a master of great diS-
edgy. Hardai bees Goatees to see whether any Mime
cask be deebed, he (the Attorney General) applied to the
very kielbed authority, the Lord Chief Justice of the
Queen's BOW* who had, upon more than one °cur
else, dedieed himself in f of appointing •
public preaseeter. And what was the answer of
that learned Chief Justice? that be himself, during the
time he was Attorney-General, bad again and again directed
his attention to the subject, and that although he was met
aoxioas to devise some scheme, be could not hit open any
that would be satisfactory. lie (Biz A. Coekbura's) own
opinion wee, that the present moment was not yet ripe for
legislation on the subject. What was to be done, for lo-
stases, with the magistrates' clerks ? Were they to be in-
trodieed into the proposed new system, or were
they to be deprived altogether of any share in
the conduct of prosecutions? He agreed that it
would be mush better if they were limited to
the functions of magistrates' clerks, and not allowed to
take any part in prosecutions ; but then, on the other
hand, we should deprive them of considerable emoluments,
and then would some the question of compensation. He
therefore thought the first step would be to see what was
the part the Registries' clerks took in permeations, and
to see whether the amount of expense that would be in-
curred in providing compensation to them would not make
it desirable rather to introduce them into the new system
proposed than to get rid of them. He had moved for cer-
tain returns on the subject, which were not yet produced.
If a body of meats appointed expressly for the conduct of
criminal prosecutions were introduced, as the learned
(oedema proposed, an immense expenditure would
at once be mated ; and tee system could not
be made diciest without • great number dutch agents. It
was set merely is the tendon of the case in court, but the
great advaistage antieipated would be in the previews prepa-
red= el the ease, so se to make it fit for a jury ; and if
agents were employed to collect evidence, and get up the
Cabal, mho staff et them would be needed as would entail
a very great espouse upon the country. Then, what should
we de with the patronage this created ? Should all that
patronage go to the goverment? If it were to be given to
the judges, there were many objections to that, for then its
exercise would be under no parliamentary responsibility,
and it might become, like other patronage administered ia
the same way, a matter of nepotism and favouritism ; and he
thought it would also teed to create subserviency and a want
of independence in the bar. If, on the other hand, it were
given to the government, there were serious objections also
to that, wbieb, be thought, we were nut yet prepared to
deal with. At the seine time, if his hon. and learned freed
could see the way to devise • scheme that would be sate-
'factory be the bone and to the country, he (the Attorney.
Genial) &NM be glad to see it introduced, and, if it were
• sit= lithe adoption, to give it such assietanes as he
imuLL

--
Ala NM remarks front Mr. Ewan, Mr. Napier, Mr.
FiVii, shad other siemben, leave was given to bring in
tits

" One of the customhouses on the frontier has tau* as of Basilian prods+, lath this country. If that were done, he
mush as 1,000 thalen a day for import duties, and as many was satisfied that we should soon see ea sad put to the war.
as 600 eart-loads of hemp and flax have frequently arrived We were the principal, and, he might even say, saintan-
per day at Memel. Throughout the summer the town has tially, the only customers of Russia. Its produce could not
presented an extraordinary spectacle. Berry warehouse, be developed without advances of Eoglish capital. Stop
coachhouse, stable, and outhouse has been literally crammed that capital, sad the productive powers of Russia would be,
with merchandise; the streets and apse spaces ban been very much lessened add diminished. If he were told that it
piled with it, while upwards of 100 ships have been kept would be impossible to carry oat the measures belted mom-
lying in the harbour, unable to discharge their cargoes, on mended, then he would revert to his original position ;
account of ell the landing-places being occupied. Landlords either abandon the blockade altogether, or adopt some
have realised rents, taverns and shopkeepers hays obtained means—he left the government tee choice of those moans
prices comparable to those which resulted from the rush of —to render it an effectual one. (Cheers) He believed
emigration to Melbourne.' It is estimated that the extra Cost that an announcement of that kind made by the govern-
on Russian prOUUOIt belonging teem British merchant, for its men—and he really hoped to hear such an announcement
transport by the Russian peasantry to Memel, is so less than made that night—would have a serious and immediate
2,600,0001. This ie exclusive of the goads serried t• Arch- effect upon the resources of Russia. He believed that
angel fur shipment, and the loss from damage and derma- tbe value of the rouble would immediately fall, as it had
den to them on the road, where insurance is impossible." dons • few days ago, when an order in Conseil
Then he went on to my that while this trade was going on was issued which was understood to prohibit hemp, but
the combined fleet of England and France wen watching which, it turned out, only prohibited contraband—so most-
the seaboard to destroy. the commerce of Ruses. He said, tive was the value of Russian money. (Hear, hear.) A
and said truly, that the blockade bed been evaded, and that large amount of English capital, amounting probably to
it was humiliating to shut the front door and allow the side millions, was waiting in London to know whether it should
door to be opened, and to pay the expense of opening the go to thelicaperor of Russia, to enable him to send reinforce-
side door. But his hon. friend came to an entirely opposite manta to the seat of war, or whether it should go to India
conclusion to that welch he (Mr. Collier) came to. His and other parts of the world, to develop: the resources of
hon. friend said, have no blockade at all. That was con- our own colonies, and to open up for us new markets.
sistent ; it was a view 'thick any gentleman might logi- (Cheep) He (Mr. Collier) believed that such an announce-
(sally adopt; but to say we should have a blockade, that i meet as that to which he had alluded coming that night
that blockade should not be effectual, and that we should I from the government would have a very serious effect upon
not take measures tomake it effectual seemed to him a pro, the war with respect to the next campaign ; and be thought
position utterly untenable He could only say, if his hon. that their operations ought to have a special reference to
friend was right in his conclusion, he would be justified, the next campaign. Tie effect of our troops did not depend
and, in fact, it would be his duty, to oppose the navy upon their own number so much as upon the numben of thorn
estimates. It we were to have no blockade half with whom they had to contend. At present we were, so to
of our present fleet would be enough for our protection, and speak, playing a game of chess, right hand against left, for we
enough to meet the fleet of Russia. His (Mr. Collier's) were sending out troops to the East, and at the same time
contention was that we should have no blockade if we could sending gold to the Emperor of Russia, with which to
not have an efficient blockade. If they could not stop this equip forces to withstand them. We were in a position
transit through Prussia, let them have their goods straight gsseod the Emperor of Russia, resembling that of a greet
from Croustade. He was one of ;those who contended, not trading *company competing with a small one. Our trade
that they should mass to blockade but that they should with Russia formed a very small portion of our whole corn-
make the blockade effectual. He did not desire to dictate merge; but the trade of Russia with us was almost its all.
to her Majesty's government the precise course which they The Emperor of Russia had more men than we—and if he
should adopt. That wee a matter of policy which was in lost two men for our one he would win. If, on the other
their bands, but he would state the notions which he hand, we lost two sovereigns for his one, he would be
had been led to form on the subject. In the reduced to bankruptcy. (Cheers.) So long as her Ma-
first place it seemed to him that Prussia had enbetantially jesty's Weight's were disposed to carry on the war
been guilty of a breach of neutrality. Prussia had not thoroughly and in earnest, they would forma strong govern-
merely made a profit individually, bus this trade had been, went, and they would meet with the hearty, unanimous,
in a great measure' organised between the governments of and enthusiastic support of the country. But if they went
Russia sac Prussia. A convention had beta entered into, on as the former government had done, proposing hall
and Prussia had derived a great - measures and waiting to be goaded into activity by the
mere.. This transit trade from Bono to Memel was en- press and by public opinion, the sooner they fell the better.
tirely • new trade, which had been organised for the ex- (Cheers.) He (Mr. Collier) was inclined to give them every
press purpose of eluding our blockade. Now it had been support in his power, and he trusted that their explanation
held by publicists; in fact therewas • rule called the rule would be satisfactory to the house and tothe country.
of 1768 to this effect, that a neutral might be (Load cheers.)
allowed to carry on an accustomed trade hut not a new Mr. MITCHELL seconded the motion.
trade to the Wary of • belligerent. Lord Stowell said Mr. CARDWELL said that the motion which had been
"The general use is that the neutral hu • right to carry brought for ward with so moth ability was a motion for
on, in time of war, his accustomed trade, to the papers which, of nurse. there was no indisposition to lay on
utmost extent to which that accustomed trade is the table of the house. Probably, however, the house would
capable. In different circumstances he holds by his title." consider that uceh a question which had been argued with
Here was • trade carried on to the injury of ourselves sad so much acuteness, andiwhich had attracted so much interest,
to the detriment of our trade. Now, he ventured to think it was right illative should make • more general statement
that that conduct on the part of Prussia afforded a than would be consistent with a mere reference to the
grouse of nmonstramse on ',oar past. At all events, if motion. When, unfortunately, at the expiration of • peace
Prussiajoned the Western Powers, as he had every reason of nearly forty years, this country found itself again involved
to hope she might, he trusted that one stipulation made by in a European conflict, it became necessary, of course, to
our government would be, that she should seal her treatises consider what ought to be the commercial policy of this
to Russian produce. The frontier of Austria was in kgreat country, and to regard the circumstances of the particular
measure closed. Close the frontier of Prussia, close the ease with reference to the enemy against whom we were to
Baltic, and close the Black fees, and, he believed, the be opposed, with reference to the allies with whom we were
result would be that the commerce of Russia would be so about to take the field, and with reference also to those
far crippled, that the Emperor of Russia would not for any neutral powers whose good feeling we weld not help
length of time be able to carry on the war. They bad a being desirous to carry with us. (Hoar, hear.)
right to search foreign ships, and they hada right to put a Now the enemy with whom we were about to
stop to this commerce. But, further, there was a measure contend was peculiarly circumstanced, inasmuch as his
which undoubtedly they had a right to adopt, namely, they ports were situated upon land-locked seas, and he was
had a right to prohibit the importation of Russian produce thus particularly exposed to the consequences of blockade.
into this country. To that the objections were twofold. The allies with whom we were about to unite had differed
In the first place, it might be said the prohibition would with us in former years as to the laws of maritime policy
not be effective; and in the next place, that we should which were to prevail during war, and the neutral powers
injure ourselves. Now, in reference to the first point, the would naturally sympathise with us, as we adopted a
prohibition of these articles from Russia, the way to policy least, prejudical to their interests. Under these air-
effect that would be not to allow any such articles cumstances the declaration of war was accompanied by a
to be imported oaten a certificate should be given from the declaration of policy on the part of her Majesty, not wan
consul abroad, from the port trom which it came, that they tag any of those rights of blockade, for which Great Bri-
efer* not the produce of Ramis ; and then should be an tato had contended in former wan, but suspending Forting
oath to that effect. He would also require as oath to be of them during the continuance of the present conflict from
taken by the importing merchant to the same effect. It motives of policy arising from the facts to which he had re-
might be said there would be perjury, end that this would hued, and which it would not be necessary to pursue farther.
not be effective • but the house must beer in mind the cha- It naturally followed as a consequence that the order in
?actor of our Rtinsian trade. It was carried on almost en- council of the 15th April, to which reference had been made
tirely by • few houses of the largest capital. Without in terms of disapprobation, should be paned, for if it had
a large capitol it was almost impossible to carry not been passed, the effect would have been to allow trade
on a large Russian trade, because it was car- to be carried on for the beeefit of Russia and of neutral
tied on entirely by advances. Now, the English powers, to the exclusion only of British subjects. However
merchants in Russia, before Sir Hamilton Seymour left St. desirous the government might be to carry on with vigour
Petersburg, presented to him a resolution they had come to, and to bring to • conclusion the war in which the nanny
that if the trade were prohibited they would have nothing was engaged, however willing—reason being shown—to
whatever to do with it, and they cams to • similar mole- agree with the hon. member for Plymouth (Mr. Collier) that
lion in London. In consequence of that the rouble fell it would be well to lose two sovereigns for one in such a
from 48 to 32. Subsequently, when it was known that the cause, the government did not think it right to adopt a
resolution was not to be acted on, it rose again. These course the certain consequence of which would be to
merchants—and, he was happy to say, one of them would inflict injury upon British subjects, while it was scarcely
second his motes—would, ho believed, in a body renounce potable that limpid do harm to the enemy. Such did not
the teed.. They told them that they could supply them appear to the government to be • course of action likely
' with similar articles from other parts of the world, that new to bring the war to • speedy and prosperous termination.
waken might be opened, and the springs of commerce, The hon. and learned member said that we bad adopted a
like natural springs once opened, did not clue again. coarse which was totally and entirely ineffectual, and that
Any month might bring a general peace or a geoeral war, our openness bad signally felled that the 'evens from
sad in either event all this outlay would be rendered en- Russia were greater than ever.
nugatory. Or, again, before the new capital could Mr. COLLIER—From some of tke ports.
be brought to bear, arrangements would have been made to Mr. CARDWELL would quote the statistic. of the whole
procure the articles from other pane of the world, and that trade, which led to a totally different conclusion. His hon.
would also render it in a great degree nugatory. (Hear, friend said that the blockade had bean totally ineffectual,
hear.) Bat it was further said that we should injure our- and with that conclusion he (Mr. Cardwell) respectfully
selves. He (Mr. Collier) would freely admit tbat that would Joined issue. He should be enabled to show that so far
; be the case. Did any man think that we could enter upon from the blockade having proved ineffectual, it had been
this great war without inflicting a serious injury upon our. quite the contrary, considering the circumstances under
I selves, and without making a great sacrifice ? (Cheer.) which it had been conducted. What were those decent-
Were we to go quietly on with our business, bring in our stances ? It bad been truly said that the trade
• reform bills, and emulate our internal affairs ; and when we with Russia was peculiar, because, in times of peace,
had a little time and rumples capital up our hands, employ it was carried on by means of advances of English capital
it In crumpling up the Emperor of Russia ? (Hear, hear.) made in the preceding year. It was so, and the natural
It we were not prepared to make sacrifices we ought corollary of such a state of things was that at the outbreak
I to have cogineand the war ; and if that was the spirit in of • war you should leave your seeing' the opportunity of
; which we were disposed to carry it on, the best thing the bringing their purchases from the hostile port, else you is-
, government could do would beta make pesos on any terms. flitted more injury on your friend than on your enemy.
(Hear, hear.) Should It be said that we were (Hear, hear.) It was for these reasons that time had been
ready to sacrifice the lives of our best and bravest given in the Baltic and in the White Sea, and, although be
in defence of the liberties of Europe, but that there did not hesitate to admit that the blockade in the Black
was one calamity which we could not look upon with any Su had not been enforced in a satisfactory manner, still he
' semblance of equanimity, which we could not face without had some reasons which would in part account for the delay.
terror which drove us into very agonies of despair—that At the commencement of • blockade, which wu to be carried
calamity being • rise in the price of tallow ? (Cheers and on in oonjuaction with an ally, communications were se-
' laughter.) Was it to be said that we were ready to grapple pessary between the parties as to the manner in which it
with the Emperor of Russia, and to take every measure was to biecarried on, and the vessels by means of which it
for; that purpose, except a measure that would make us was to be effected. He believed that in this way some time
pay something mere for our candles ? (Hear, hear.) If was lost in the coulee of last summer before the blockade
' that was our spirit, well might we be termed a "nation of was established, and at a later period every noel of the
shopkeeper"—well might it be said of us that we were res. fleet was employed in the conveyance of the greet expo&
pectable people, who had better stick to our business, and not tion which set sail in the month of September. It wales,
meddle with foreign wan. The boa. member for Manchester time was given in the Baltic Sea, and wore lime
cheered him ; and no doubt that boo. member was perfectly given In the White See, in consequence of the
consistent in his views • but what he (Mr. Collier) would greater difference of latitude, and also for un-
wanted for was this--either make peace, or conduct the avoidable reasons the blockade wudelayed lathe Black Sea;
war with vigour sedated. But, after all, we should not be and such being the state ot the case, it could net be expected
brought into ray state of great distress by the loss of this that a comparison of '64 with previous years would show
Russian produce. We had Lrge stocks on hand. (Derisive such a falling off in the Russian trade as the advocates of
cheers.) Well, all that he eould say was, that he (Mr. vigorous measures might expect. But let tenet be imagined
Collier) had nothing to do with it. (Cheers and counter that be was making this preamble an excuse for nuatisfac-
cheers.) We had large stocks, and when these stocks were tory results, for he bad tables to show, which he thought
exhausted there were other markets from which we could would satisfy the hon. member for Bridport. That hon.
obtain fresh supplies. Oa this point he would quote a high member had stated that ear imput ts ,from Russia had not
authority—the Eamoinsei newspaper. In, the Economist exceeded two-thirds of the imports of former years and
of the let of April (a derisive " hear"), the. editor spoke had coupled that statement with en argument respecting
with infinite contempt of persons whom he called " dealers the prices paid for them, which had surprised him
in grease," and went on to point out how that, in the event as Doming from so great an economist as his hoe.
of the Russian supplies failing us, substitutes might easily friend, but that was not the point to which he intended to
be found. He stated that the import of Russian tallow refer. Now what had been the result of the blockade ?
was stationary, and that our growing wants were sup- First of all, whatever mercantile nary Runde possessed
plied by palm sad cocoanut oil. He showed that tallow, had been entirely annihilated as far as trade was concerned,
hemp, and corn might be procured from other parts while our ships bad roamed free on every see, and no con-
of the world, and he concluded with this sentence : signor would have consented to pay an additional premium
"We may expect, therefore, from the impediment which for insurance against the attempts of Russia. With regard
war will lay is our way of getting tallow, hemp and corn to manufactures also, Russia took great pains to be a maes-
tros' the uncivilised space the Czar governs, that latitude :g country, and protected her manufactures by large
art and industry will know how to obtain ,from import duties. He had reason to believe that her =me-
ths whole of the rest of the world a greater factaren had suffered materially, by reason of our being
abundance than hitherto of useful articles than able to pit on Russia,' by means of the blockade, that very
pressure which was now sought to be put on Great Britain—
stationasy or retrograding Russia can possibly supply."
On this point he (Mr. Collier) would also read an ex- namely, the preventing her from getting the raw material
nest from a recant circular of Messrs., Noble:—" In the for her manufactures. (Hear.) He did not intend to
early part of the present year, when it was expected trouble the bones with figures at any length, but he held in
the supply of hemp from Russia would be stopped, we his hand tables wbieb would show the state of Russian im.
called the attention of several of our friends to the hemp ports and exports in 1854, as compared with those of the
from India, and they have forwarded us samples of superior previous year. Taking the three articles of flax, hemp, and
qualities, well adapted for all the purposes of Russian hemp, tallow, to which particular attention had been called, he
but it would take some time before any large quantity found that Russia sent to this country in 1863, 1,287.000
could be obtained, properly prepared for the purpose, and cwts. of flu. In 1864, she sent by sea, in consequence
arrangements were made for to preparing the crop that of the blockade, very little, but in order to make
would have mime in next year; but, after it was discovered the *comparison a fair one, he should add the
that the supply fpm Russia would be regular through Prussian increase to make up for the Russian decrease,
Prussia, there was no inducement strong enough to urge and then they would see how far the overland Prussian
them to carry out these arrangements and they have, trade made up for the Russian decrease. In 1854, the Prue-
therefore, fallen to the ground; and, instead of our getting slam increase was 426 000 cuts , making the apparently net
the large supply we expected, there will be very little more decrease of Russia 678,000 emu., or 52 per cent. on the
then the usual supply from those
_places. If, however, it whole trade of &mai& With regard to hemp, the demise-
were certain that the trade with Russia would be stopped tion was 63 poi cent., and tallow 62 per cent. Now he con-
ier one year only, it would give such an impetus to the sidered that these figuresehowed the blockade to have pro-
(rowan of fibres In the colonies that we might for the dined • very great effect in so short a space of time. (Hear,
future leave them entirely to themselves, and we should be hear.) Then the export of raw cotton from this country to
sure, in the year 1866, and after that, to receive such quan- Rasa& had fallen to the extent of 64 per cent. His hon.
tides and quality that would nuke us perfectly friend had said that there were many Nunes from which
independent of Russian hemp, as the producers any vacancies created in the supplies of this country
would be able to send it (after they were once might easily be supplied, and had said that it was quite
fairly started) at prices that would compete with Rue- futile to suppose treat any new manufactories would be set
sin hemp when at the lowest price, and it would also be of up. Surely he had not travelled so much in the
'great advantage in doing away with the prejudice now ex- manufacturing districts without noticing the n-
isting on the part of consumers about trying a new article." pidity with which, when corn and raw material
He (Ur. Collier) was glad to hear from the right hon. bare. and labour were cheap, new factories sprung up in
net (Sir J. Graham) that arrangements had been made for those districts. He hoped, however, that neither in
procuring hemp from Italy. tie need not tell the Irish war nor pean people would be led, through a sense of false
members that more flax could be grown in that ' country • security, to trifle with trade ; for let them recollect that coma
and it might also be obtained from other parts of the world. petition would spring up ruder unwise laws which might
Tallow might be brought from Australia, and palm and not afterwards tie easily got rid of. He could show, from
cocoanut oil from the coast of ; Africa; for the principal tables in his hand, that our imports from other countries
manufacturers in London were already discontinuing the bad increased quite proportionably to the decrease from
MPS of tallow in favour of thine two oils. (Hear, hear.) Int Russia. Then with regard to prices, it was notorious that the
a word, there was no one article of Russian produce which tendency of the war had been to raise prices in London,
we could not obtain from other parts of the world, and but at the same time to depute them in St. Petersburg.
chiefly from our own colonise.; and when once those new ! He saw by an extract from the circular of Messrs. Cattley
markets wen opened, the markets of Russia would be per- that in 1864, as compared with '63, the price of tallow,
manently superseded. Either, then, let the government hemp, and linseed had decreased in St. Petersburg in a
remonstrate with Prussia, or 'aerobe their undoubted right ratio disproportionate to the lemmas in London, seeing
of marching neutrals, or let them prohibit the importation that they had to compete with neutral redacts in the lat.

ter plus. The circular further suited that the cost of
-
Hags overland had very much obstructed trade, mid left
very little encouragement to continue it. • The charge fee
nei?thl Wine
vrbeeoityrigt:gwatalun d2losiwul seal' ntovdenrh:tlilmi nepegttf"7:swKteohreenyoofhtet4adnMfheotuDl:milooelanttdbasigilie
of for weeks, beeing been lest lying in the woods, while the
peasants carried other goods, for which they got highs,
fares. Sometimes they were further detained by the ice oa
ths Niemen. Already, the circular stated, the rum expended
in carriage exceeded a million sterling. (Hear) His en
friend said two and a half millions ; but the greater colt.
imposed is the conveyance of goods to a neutral markse,
the more the pressure which the blockade was eoceslonlw
to Russia. In conclusion, Messrs. Cattley aaid, et
are said to be low, but a change from war to peace wosid
soon alter the market." Such were the results of a blockade
which his hon. friends maintained had been ineffective.
Then they had the argument based oo the price of the
rouble and the state of the exchanges, but then it must be
manifest that any argument drawn from the state of the
exchanges was in reality drawn from commerce, as the
state of the exchanges was the barometer by which &lime.
niary transactions were regulated. It was always hassedem
to argue from the state of the exchanges, because there
were so many disturbing matters connected with
them. It was better to rely on other indication.
but the state of the exchanges, if spread over a
sufficient period, would lead us to the same result. Rig
hon. friend said that the war had not depreeerd the price el
the rouble ; but what were the facts ? la time of peace the
; exchanges were in favour of Russia, but mince the war there
I was no single indication of the determination of bullion to
that country, but, on the contrary, they had throughout the
whole time indicated its exportation. His hon. friend said
that the price of the rouble had fallen to 321, on the deck-
ration of the blockade, but had eubuquently risen
almost to par. But his hon. friend should consider
that at 32d. the export of bullion paid a prone
of ten per cent. (Hear, hear.) It was obvious,
then, that the blockade had already produced considerable
effect on the trade of Russia. It had annihilated its mete
untile navy for commercial purpose*, oppressed its mane
factures by hindering the import of the raw material; the
price of its produce bad been diminished, and it had Mu
put to a much greater expense in bringing a muck intake
quantity of its produce to market. (Hear, hear.) Andhra
he must notice a fallacy in the argument of hie hon. friend.
It was true that on the first declaration of blockade the la.
creased expense of overland transport must fall cm the
British merchant, because, having made advances, he mast
have his goods as best he might ; but afterwards all contriges
must be made on a new footing, and contracts would be
made on the terms at which the goods could be obtained
in an open market. That being the cue, the next thing Its
house would expect him te consider was, was it in the
power of the government, by further measures, to Milk*
still greater injury on Russia, and whether such amine
would most injure Russia or England. It must be
fart that when a trade was interfered with both par-
ties must be injured ; but as the blockade operated; upon
neutrals as well as upon England, the maximum of pressure
would be inflicted upon Ruuia, end the minimum upon
ourselves. Customs regulations to this country would have
the opposite effect, putting the maximum upon Reeked
and the minimum on Russia. That was the ream why
government hesitated to apply commercial restrictions at
home. Let him ask the house to pursue this ease (nether,
and take a particular instance—that of flax. Hon. mem-
bers talked lightly of the effect of stepping the supply Of
flax ; but let them remember that the annual value of the
linen made in this kingdom was greater than the whole
export trade of Russia. (Hear, hear.) And let hint
ask what would be the comparative pressure when
one country supplied the raw material and another manu-
factured it. Stop it in the country of its growth, and what
pressure did you put on the agricultural produce ? Yon
drove him from his best customer to his second best, and be
sold but half the quantity. But stop him here, andyea
made his second best customer his best, and injured pots
own trade. The hon. member for Dundee could tel the
house what a mere trifle decided the market between the
Scotch and Irish knees and their German competitors. Re
believed theta mere fraction in price was sufficient to drive
all the orders to Germany. (Hear, hear.) The Me
member said that there were already too may
flex mills, and that the trade was overdoes;
and the remedy he would apply would be te
make the raw material much dearer than at present.
The additional price would go to those very perms with
whom the English manufacturer wu competing, and by a
double operation they would have made the raw material
dear to their own manufacturer and cheap to his rival, and
all this by way of inflicting an injury on a person who cold
his raw material just the same, though at a rather lout
price than before. (Hear, hear.) He would real to than
what might, perhaps, be a novelty, a chapter el
history towards the close of the late war. These
doctrines were nut invented by his hon. friend the
member for Plymouth and the member for Bei&
port. They were held more than 40 years ago by high ave
thorities ; they were held at that time by the Chancellor ef
the Exchequer and by the gentleman who filled the office
which be (Mr. Cardwell) now bad the hoaour to
hold. In the year 1811 the Chancellor of to
Exchequer brought in a bill for levying
duty upon the cotton of the United States et
America; and, as if in whimsical parallel with the &ele-
ments which had been made use of that night, when thetas*
Lord Ashburton objected to this bill, on the ground of the
injury it would do to England, the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer said that, "as to the supply of cotton," be (Er.
Omeiwen) wan quoting from the Afinll9l Register—" he did
not fear but that our own colonies and the East India,
would yield every sufficient supply in case we got none from
America." (Laughter.) Mr. Rose said he believed thus
could be any deficiency in the supply of cottee, ms
the East Indies would yield a supply to any extent. How
were they Berea from that deplorable calamity By the
• wisdom of that house. The first Sir Robert Peel,
Colonel Stanley, member for Lancashire, and the late
Lord Ashburton, did not think that for the
supply of cotton for the manufactures of Lan-
' cubits it was desirable that they should go to the
East Indies ; the House of Commons agreed with them, and
differed from the government of the day, and the calamity
was ceasequently averted. (Hear, hear.) Now, the cotton
trade was a very great trade in comparison with the flax
trade ; and during the interval which bad elapsed, the cot-
Inn trade had been very greatly increased. But let him
entreat the house to consider what would have been the
result if the doctrine which he had reed bad prevailed?
(Hear, hear.) Did they think it had been no advantage to
Manchester that Liverpool had been the cheapest merest
for cotton in the world ? (Hear, hear.) Did they think
that if in 1811, by certificates of origin, or by some pro&
bition, they had succeeded in making Hamburg, or semi
• other continental town, the great emporium for cotton, that
wonderful development of trade which they had had in
the last 40 years would have taken place, and that they
would now have possessed those immense sources of wealth.
• of domestic happineu, and of national power which they
derived from their great manufacturing prosperity ? (Hesr,,
hear.) And let them not confine their view to questions d
trade. To his great astonishment, he had heard Ireland
pressed into the caw (Hear, hear.) As if what was asked
would be for the benefit of Ireland, those docrines which
they used to hear some time ago about putting on prehibie
lions in order to encourage domestic manufactures had
I re-appeared that night in connexion with Ireland, and the
• north of Ireland had been quoted as a reason for adopting
such restrictions. Let him appeal from his hon. friend to
the Royal coeiety, who had devoted themselves with se
much advantage to the improvement of the flax cultivation
in Ireland. In their last report they said, " When war was
declared by her Majesty's government against the Emperor
of Russia, it was et once apparent that the interruption of
our commercial relations with that empire might seriously
affect the supply of the raw material of the British and
Irish linen manufacture, as well as of the seed which bad
hitherto been obtained from Riga for sowing in Ireland.
When it is remembered that of an I average of 80,000
tons of flu from all countries, nearly 60,000 are brought from
Russia alone, and that of the yearly import of flax seed for
sowing in Ireland,from two-thirds to three-fourths come from
Riga, it will hence be seen that the cessation or diminution
of the supply of these articles, as a consenuence of the wee,
might be productive of serious inconvenience to the linen
manufacturer, of the United Kingdom and to the flax
growers of Ireland." He had said that the linen trade of
this country was nearly equal to the whole external come
mere of Russia. But they were to prohibit all articles
from coming into this country by Custom-house regula-
tions. Now let the house observe what that was. It was
no pert of the ordinary regulations of war. He had
.not
said a syllable in favour of the relaxation of those regulations
—he was arguing against imposing restrictions, the effect of
which would be to operate entirely upon themselves, and the
iocidence of which on the enemy would, as he had shown, be
minute or insufficient. But, supposing it to have been de-
termined that the imposing of restrictions would be benefi-
cial, how 'Gould they have set about it ? Weie they to rem
sort, of all things in the world, to certificates of origin?
(Hear.) He thought they had heard the last of them, seeing
that universal experience had proved them to be ineffica-
cious. What wee the state of things at the close of the last
war ? They had thrown their own trade out of employ-
ment, and their manufacturing districts were In
a state of confusion. What was the testimony
of ,liistory ? He would give it them from an
unexceptionable source, from an historian whoa. natural
inclinations would probably not have indispoaed him to re-
unction. Mr. Alison, in speaking of the fruitleuness of
Napoleon Buonsparte's attempt, in the plenitude of his
power, to accomplish that which was now considered so easy
that the government were culpable for not having reduced it
to practice—Mr. Alison said, " To such a height was this
practice curled by the French Emperor. that it opened up
new channels of commerce to British industry on the conti-
nent quite equal to that which had been destroyed; and
the suffering which was experienced in England during
the continuance of the continental system was al-
most entireoy owing, not to the Berlin decree,
but to the loss of the great North American
market, which the Orders in Council imposed." But
how could they have undertaken to accomplish this
object? Let him ask, first, whether they would
have uecided to act alone, or whether they would hays
thought it necessary to consult France? (Hear, hear.)
France was their ally ; she, like them, was dependent on
this source for flax seed. Were they, then, prepared to
take such a step without the concurrence of France ? or did
they think it would tend to cement the good understanding
which existed, or to render the alliance popular in this
country, if a benefit were secured to their ally by her saga-
city, of which they thought proper to deprive them-
selves? (Hear, hear.) It might be said that
the object would have been secured by means of
certificates of origin ; thet was to say, Prussia, being a great

THE .EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 21, 1855.

mr,m, a g they were to ask their Prussian consuls to stopping*** eggnisfpeednes from the Rialaille ports. He ,
as every eousigantent, whether its origin said that tam dig niet elms frees Memel sow, that there-
mos Rescion eerenesien. Now, did the house believe that fore it OWN' Mil ass., sad that the comma must know
wusg be guillaisaMe ? (Hear, hear.) His hon. friend , that it wee Rwetlea tallow, because Prussian tallow sever
feenestabeeter llbMgeM said with truth that perjury might learns out of them ports. That was an extraordinary area-
mai trim it, bus he added that they need not be afraid of sent, for it wapitis that if the Prussian* wished to evade,
dot. m the Brim houses were among the most rupee- they meld ea*/ retain the Russian tallow, and send away
ogle in the world. He (Mr. Cardwell) would ask how their own. (Hoar, hear.) The ease with Umiak; and
Jag the lionise kyle would centimes in the handed those other earn was precisely similar. The bad only to mix
boo (Hear) What would be the benefit of destrnying Russian sore with Prussian corn, sad Russian tallow with
ow houses, which the hon. gratleman justly said were Prussian tallow, and it would become Hessian corn or
rM the most respectable in the world, and transferring it Prussian Dora, Russian tallow or Prussian tallow,
*green) He was afraid that experience of human amen rendering all their certificates of origin purely non-
Lld that if they wanted an &Suva of origin it seasical. (Hear, hear.) 11. would not sued taking
otos be obtained at not • high prioe—(laughter)—and an oath that with • pot of Russian tallow, • pot of Prussia.
whatever that price might be, it would have to be paid he tallow, and • ladle, he would make Russian tallow late
addition to the price of the article. (Hear, hear. ) That, Premien tallow the manner which would defy all such
eerti-
he believed, would be the result of giving certiAcates of Goatee of ongia. (Laud laughter.) He contended that if
asigia. But what was the law on this subject ? The law the predates of one country was mixed with the produce of
of this isometry and the law of common sense was, that another, it was no longer the produce of the country from
partial manufacture made an article a production of the which it originally came. N.pthing in the world was more
matey in witch the manufacture took place. (Hour, easy than to make the raw mater al of one country into the
bowl His bun. friend felt extremely indignant at the manufactured article of another, and all the certificates of
Wide which he said was conferred by this mune of policy origin in the world would never prevent people from doing
ea Prussia as a neutral. He (Mr. Cardwell) was surprised so. (Hear, bear) The hon. member for Bridpurt bad
le hear Lord Stowell quoted a nth regard to the doctrine of said teat it was perfectly idle to suppose that we should
MT. He heal in his egad the commentaries of Chancellor have any competition in the linen Uwe if we shut out all
Kent. Chancellor Kent said it would be unjust and illegal the Asx that came into this pommy, because no one
for neutrals to avail themselves of the pressure of war to would be foul enough to build • factory when
engage in a sew species of traffic which was prohibited In there was • probability that the war would be over in
. His honourable friend said be would revive the six months. He (Mr. Ricardo) would warn the country
right of search. lie would remind his h hi* that they mast be careful how we eourtad competitors—
fund that the - which rested ea how we lost a market—how we *- the - ' - that

stated that ea order had been mat out to enforce a
strict blockade, the mereheats of Hull and other towns
sought tow pply the wont of Russian produce by obtaining
linseed from ladis, Atria and eve* Alustralbs. They en•.
tend largely tats the speeilatien, sad bad suffered to an
enormous meat for the benellt of a few Greek merchants.
Why was not tho blockade mimed ? Could ant ono or
two stoomme have Wen spared to guard the Strait of
Kedah, whisk would have effectually blockaded the Sea of
Asoff The lasts did not loam Vane till September but
even thee mold not one or awe ship have been spired t
The entire system of trade depended on certainty. If
lbo country had been told that so blockade would
be established, Its capital would soots have developed
a trade with Russia through neutrals; but if a
blockade is promised and not established, the effect
woo the Bossism gained. this neutrals gained, the
merchants of this mouthy wore the may losers. It ate
peered from a statement published by the Chamber of
Commcrce at Hull, that from the 9th of May to the end of
December, 462 vessels reached Constantinople having en
board 710,000 quarters of linseed : the export had
teeth before been so large, so that the only effect of the
promised blockade was to increase the trade of Russia. The
crop of linseed was gathered in September, so that the
whole of last year's crop was already in this country. The
only effeirsal blnckade was that of the Danube. Large
quantities of cora were imported from dm Danubian Prin.
cipalities' and it was important to supply our troops from
thence when eaportatiou was prohibited from Odessa. Yet
the Solana mouth, which ought not to be blockaded, was
blockaded, and the Sea of ABS, which osghtto ham been,
was not blockaded. He would la conclusion, refer to

the hon. member for Stoke and the right honourable I
gentleman (Mr. Cardwell) wore identical aad most
&whim against say blockade. The right boo. made-
man said we could not do without the raw material of
Aussie. and that leo would suffer more by not having it
than Ramis would lose by not sending it. If so, why
should there be a blockade ? Let that principle be carried
out to its logicel emolusion, sad let there be no blockade ;
let us not stultify ours/less by pursuing so absurd IL
course u oontinaing a blockade, and sanding a lugs form
to stop the front door, sad yet leave the doe door open.
That was his position, from which he had not bus
removed.

Mr. CARDWELL wished to know whether the bon.
gentleman mesa' that he hid been guilty of a serious
error only in argument, or whether he meant a serious
savor in Mot.
__

Mr. COLLIER—No, not in feet.
The motion was then agreed to.
FISHERIES (IRELAND).
Mr. M'MAHON obssioscl leave to bring in • bat to assi-
milate the law as to the sea Gout and inland &Intim of
Ireland to that of England.
The hill was subiequautly read a Int time.
RETURNS ORDERED—ARMY.
Captain ARCRDALL moved for en address for return of
the names of all officers of bet Majesty's army who have
been promoted for distinguished service, since the coin-
tristocernent of the war in the Crimea, distinguishing be
tween officers on the staff and rakers reeving with their
regiments ; stating also the roirei.tae tanks tv which they
have been promoted, the particular services upon which
they were employe.i during the battles of Aims, Ralaklava,
and Inhernmon, and whether they we.• actually ecgaged
in any of the above actions. He believed the effect of the
return would be to dissipate the stigma which had been cast
on the staff officers.
On this motion of Mr. BRADLAX, returns of the re-
gulation price to the purchase of a commission in the
bins end in a cavalry regiment; of the regulation price for
the ourchase of each subsequent step in the service ; of the
annual pay of regimental officers of all grades; ;whether
an_y, and, if any, what portion of the money paid by an
officer on the purchase of his commission is returned to his

respocsib.iity ... - taught ... pefplo ._ ...oz. no would Oily, in concensito . r
thus who had such great unlettakings to conduct thole wag another market to which they might reticle ; for the sickli7eltimentality that had spared Odessa. The
would consul them to confer with their ally, and possibly it was ass easy to get it back again when it was ones Emperor of Russia had collected large supplies there, and
to consider ths operation on • powerful neutral country of • lost. (Obsess.) He would like to know how the boa. gen- why were the not destroyed ? They would firs in his
rigid insisting on the right of search. (Hear) But he would Mem who bad advanced that argument reconciled it with batteries and kill his am, bat the property was not to be.
ask whether those who to strongly condemned • policy which, the statommil that ws should get all sorts of material from touched ; they would destroy all property at sea, but would
natter ths circumstances of the case, was inevitable, other ismitriss independent of Itmaia—from ladle, from not touch it on lend, whew* they ought to destroy it. Lit
would contend for a policy which would create now mutt Belgium, from Ireland ? If he (Mr. Ricardo) ware to say them have one thing or the other ; either let trade be roe
futons in Prussia, which would make Prussia the owner to those woodsmen that no man in India would be foul fatly free, or let there be a strict blockade.
of the flax and the boiler of the tallow, knowing, as they enough to grow hemp when then was • probability that Mr. HEADLAM had, in May last, ukeed whether a
did, that the Germans were their groat rivals in the limn the war would be over in six mouths, or that no man in blockade would be enforced in the Baltic and Black Seas,
trade, and knowing that there was • country between this Ireland would grow it under such circimstancas what as his constituent' were deeply interested. Hi was told am
sountry and Prussia which was eminent for its pro- would they any? (Hear, hear.) Those hon. pullet:au tffeotiv• blockader would be immediately pot in forgo
dunces is the article of @turtle ? (Hear, hear.) But, urged that Ireland bad been forgotten; but he would Awing as that statement, his constituents sought for sup.
*repotting they were determined to proceen against Protasis ask whether any man in Ireland would be so foolish plies in different quarters, at an exorbitant pries; but they
in this matter, bow far did they intend to go ? Became, as to put his property ender flax cultivation afterwards found the same articles introduced by the Greek
really if they wanted all Reason raw material to be pro when the war would be over in six months, merchants at • low pries. They would not have complained
Whited, sales. the consul certified that ao potties of • and lbs harvest might toms into competition if the blockade had been interrupted by accident, by &unit
partial manufacture emanated from Russia; that in the with Russian flax. And now he would come to ths main of the manes 's fleet, or by a violent tempest. No sufficient
use of a brush, for example, no bristle in it cam from that point, for the bolos ought to arrive at • clear understanding reason had been given why the *Mars, which be pteaaaed
country, how could they prevent this article from coming upon it. What had bum laid down by the two hon. gentle- had bun sent out, had not been carried into effect.
from Holland, and other countries In the neighbourhood men who had supported the motto was this, that by shut. Sir J. GRAHAM had felt some hesitation as towboat"
(Hear, hue) They might depend upon it that evasion tiog out the Reduce of Rosie wo could so coerce, so AS/a• he ought to break silents or not, because he was consoimo
would follow enactment, and as fast as t'iey stopped this midste, and so impoverish the Emperor of Rosati, that we he had sinned last session by saying too much as to their
thing in one place, it would rise up iu another. (Hoar, could compel him to make peace on any terms we might die- intentions of blockading ; and bad been ecosowbat indite
bear.) They had had some imperfince in this moor, tato, that we might adi another to the four poicts—indeed, crest, from an anxious desire to give information to the
though not exactly with regard to certificates of that we might make him swallow as many points as we mercantile community in answering from time to time rather
origin. Is the ISM war they did not resort to cortifireatas of pleased. (Laughttr.) WI at was, after all, the whole starching questions. He bad now boot addressed in terms
otitis, but licenses were granted to favoured traders. Now hs amount of is exports of Rom to this country ? Seven he supposed not intended to be discourteous but somewhat
meld ask whether it might not well have been expected millions, as appeared by the blue book presented to Os harsh ; the hon. mumbler for Plymouth charged him with
that lissom thus granted would be es free from objection, bone • few days ago. But that rtes millions was not all inconcity and incompetency.
es the rpm' of fraud, as sartilicwes of origin from con- profit, and all the profit that wu gained did not belong to Mr. COLLIER disclaimed any omit intention.
Mb 11 MN% than, was the result of experience with re- the Emperor of Russia, but to his subjects. Say that the Sir 3. GRAHAM would be sorry to incur the displeasure
owl Miasma ? His boa. friend the member for Bedpan profit was 10 per cent., which would yield 760,0001., of ths house by his conduct in an °Medal capacity, In a
mid Nemo would be but few frauds, because the persons or give another 6 par cent., and let the profit he question when such great interests won lowan& The
engaged la who trade were so respectable. What was the taken as 950,0001. The whole amount which we *holed pat hon. gentleman only did him justice in supposing that wins
4099 with regard to licenses in 1812 ? Ths abuts of lionises upon the Russians would be a tax of 950,0001_..- sad It he stated, on the part of the government, it was lotondod •
lad to repeated debates in both houses of paella. was sold that being deprived of this amount the Russians blockade should be instituted in the Black Sot, that orders
mint, and to the strongest and most indignant dentiosiatiow would tarn round upon the Emperor and compel him to to the effect had been sent out. His right bon. trieod the
The subject was brought btfUrs the House of Lords by Lord submit to terms of puss. He (Mr. Ricardo) maintained President of the Board of Trade kid in his admirable
Lowdown', and before the Home of Commons by .Mr. that it was contsraptibl• on the pastel the house to entertain speech—(hear, hear)—reminded the how that in this
Brougham, and it was stated that licenses had ineressod to such arguments. What must the Emperor of Russia think maritime war they bad • 'maritime ally ; it was
• frightful extant, and a system of fraud, immorality and of such an argument, when by a site& stroke of his pen he therefore impoisiblo to adopt any musters for •
perjury porvadod the whole country. In the words of and
kept oat six millions a year of corn, and showed no fear of blockada in the Baltic, Black, or White Seas, except OM
Stowell, "the whole eommarcie of the country was • system his people turning round ? This was a bugbear the English fell discussion with the goverment of French, and consort
of elesslatioa and dissimulation." If such was the effect of people had conjured up for themselves. Hs oonhutd that with them. Orders to institute a blockade of the Btack Su
Ifissslis gesmeed by the Petty Conseil, what was likely to In when he first heard thus statements he thought it vary were sent out in the month of May, after coosultation with
the east of certificates a - in grant d by ormode ? possible that the Emperor of Russia might think that we the government of Francs. The orders expressed to the
IMire kW.) His hos Ira friend said that were not disposed vigorously to canyon the war, that ws English and French admirals that a blockade should be in-
Maim ime the deatelme of sound political wets depending upon these measures, and not upon those stituted, but the mode in which the order was to be sartiod
zzi, Mt wale ousspara doctrines, necessarily , which hs (Mr. Ricardo) hoped to on very soon carried out was left to their discretion. The boom would tommt
lad is the grad poemTM» of war. T same out. 01 toils he telt united, that if this comity her that the order was directed to authorities these thou
*kg wee said is the ekes of the late war. Bet safely returned back to its Orders in Council of 1808 sand miles distant; after imeiving the orders they semi-
tbiktest of a eeeseition was tide—Did it lead to a tree eon- aad 1807, to those melsomloal doctriass which doted the mods is which they should he executed, and UM
nitwits or to • rls emu ? If drakes were true, they wan won held then, to thaw fismil measures which were consultation, the French and English admirals cunt to •
bowed in noses and mikes, a adhere a thew What enacted then, tho country would return at the same time to conclusion, as to the mode which would be most effectual.
might they enema le M the Whet peeked GUM the sake the same poverty, to the same pauperism, to the same min- It was one in conformity with the laws of nation*, and net
of the Buipsinsc if Reeds, or upon weasel power, by fortune, to the same inability to mast the exigencies of the inconsistent with cosmos mos ; it was to blockade that
their Wootton of • course which they saw was calculated to war, to the oasis difficulties in raining Use soPPlim noses- Black Sea at its entrance is the Hospborse. They prepared
injure this country far more *overtly than it was calew *try for our subsistence which then had to be oontendid a sole*, declaring that from • tinso to be fixed
lased to injure Russia ? (Hear, Itur.) Did the house with, and which be hoped no, country would sever have by them a blockade of the Black Sea would be
think that that would produce • iscouraging effect on the to stopple with again. (Loud theirs.) instituted In the Bosphorus, and that all polio'
mind of the Emperor of Russia, or that it would incresso Lord DUNCAN thought the how bad some reason to of neutrals would be stopped at the outrun into the
his disposition to mks peace ? To him (Mr. Cardwell) it complain of the notice which appeared on the paper, and Black Sta. The notice was ocusaminalmil to the Fronk
appeared that it must monsarily lead tithe opposite result. wbieh might have been reasonably supposed to lead to a and English arabamadno at Comilmodospis ; they enter-
It was said that Prussia was encouraged in her asutrality different sort of debate than that to which the house had tabling doubts as to tbs legality of era • erase, met it
by the benefit which she derived from oho malt trade. been called upon to listen. The term of the metros wen home to their respective rorimuments 1 NON mosultation
Did they think she would be less iocined to neutrality if "to call the attention of the house to the state of our with the highest authorities it was to been a-
sh* bad besides the advantage of a manufacturing &al*? trade with Russia, and to move for • return of the valid notice, to which last a~eteesli bill While this
(Hoar) What, too, did they think would be the effect pro- Russian exports from Archasgol to this country during notice was Wing so transmitted, SO eesidsed,ao rejected,
dosed on our own population it home ?H• know UN Gill- the present year." Now the port of Archangel was aloud nearly throe mouths went lest. At ohoeexpiation of that
taints *odd& working mon of this country wart props:MO with ice, and would not be opts with the middle of June. time the groat inovemeat from Vera* to the Crimea was
sake any sacrifice which might be requisite forteh vigorous Mr. COLLIER said hit, motion was intended to gofer to undertake* by the esahhied anal Mess of Franco and
prosecution of the war ; but he thougnt they would require lad year. England, conveying ea immoral army ; in that, the largest
to be satisfied that everything wu reasonably and thought- Lord DUNCAN would not trespass long upon the time 'nod operatics tsar murated, the whole naval forts
fully dose, and when they read that the member for Ply. of the hoes. alter the able speeches whirls had bun of Franc* rad England es those sate was for some
math had talked of their losing only one sovereign while made by the President of the Board of Trade, and the tan. engaged. Alter ths kullament of Sebastopol it um
the Emperor of Russia lot two sovereigns, they would, hon. member for Stoke-upon-Trent, but as he bad bun t,hou.ghtl__lmsommk___,.. by
seal tho wad onalmilltail_ ammodall-
he believed, require to hays that proved to them. (Haar, personsily alluded to by on• of the hon. members who had LaLemari.....htamm am Imo 510•01 •0001 m so le breithin
bur.) The us had been maintained most remark- brought forwatd this motion, ho thought be was bound to 4 aat tbum to tbs smash et Oallobsr. t was meet-
ably, unsidering that they had been subjected to the trial offer one or two words of uiplamatiou. He bed joined a my tia-tWo-blockade ebould liss tightwad by 911101119 of the
ot was. It was astonishing to think that the year 1863 deputation that had waited spot the Earl of Clarandos • rabbis& fleets, but, for renew MOM he was sow the
Melia been beyond all precedent and comparison the row weeks ago, and he, perhaps, might be onablid to ea- haw wet" not Prue him to allat•-000r hour)—it was
greatest year ever known in the British expert tads, it lighten the home stetson. or two points. Thu host. member Bet fammiravenit nt to wmpley the mesh ke this purpose.
1864, with the three evils of • European war, a for Bridport had cast some unworthy taunts upon tk• mill. Ho bad thus explained hilly to the bora 0119 dranntstances
crisis la America, and a crisis in Australia, the falling owners who wanengaged in the manufacture of linen. He under which tho blockade se israded by the lagfieh and
off was so mall, Esping oely, he thought, about 2 per cent. ; (ths nob& lord) would not follow the example of his boo. French governments had set ram unioll Into abet till •
and that the trade of 1854 was far above that of all preced- friemd,:for he should be torry_.to castcessurso upon any lugs late period. At the present atommtios had no doubt a if.
facto blockade did exist at Odom and every port in the
lag years. except 1853. (Hear, hear.) But the war bad bodies of his onntryma. Thus could be no doubt that
had its effect. They saw now what he hoped would prove both the members for Plymouth and Bridpeßridportwere signs Black Sea with the exception of the mouth of the Danube.
It was considered most isafortaat, in • military point of
only a temporary check in trade ; and they bad in ths suspicion : but ho would ask the house to consider the ton-
manufaaturiog districts signs of the pressure which had duct of them capitalists whoa they represented. From Vi.W, that while the Russians held the Principe-
been produced. Did they think that in famishing the ways the declaration of war in March sothing was heard with titles all contraband of war should be Intercepted in
and means for the vigorous prosecution of the war it would be regard to the proposed blockade. Everything went on its • from Odessa to the Salim mouth,
any satisfaction to them to find that they had dried up some smoothly until • larger amount of flax than is any formes which occupied by the Rumbas. It was a question
fruitful sources of revenue without indicting any correspond-- year was brought into this country. When that amount of whether a blockade sheik be instituted sr not, because,
in` injury on the Emperor of Russia ? (Hear.) Did they Ng was brought in sirloin gentlemen were seized with • as be explained on a fawn occasion, the Emden batteries
think that if they approached the state of affair* which sudden fit of activity, and !mad out that the blockade had commanding the river am the loft ha" for forty aihia
existed in this country is 1812. when then was such die- sot been properly *Moms& Boon afterwards deputations from its mouths gave Ulna fall command of the rivers as
tress in the manufacturing
districts, and when the price of of capitalists, not of millowmars, wen hoard of, which do the deep water was ea that side, whether than was a
blockade or not. A Nadia& was thought necessary la a
provisions was so high, that would b• an advantage as re- petauons waited epos the &H of Clarendon and impressed
military point of view, bat eireamatenees had since
girded the prosecution of the war ? (Hoar, be ) It upon him the wormity of mioraiog the blockade. He
appeared to him • most remarkable circumstance (the noble lord) having beard of thou deputations, aceom- altered. A blockade was nut hecessery for military per-
that at the end of the fist twelve months of pained a dtratatioa of saillowoon to Lord Clarendon, and ho poses. There was • stasisat fees off Odessa and off
the war, tiny should have been able to inflict so was bowed to state in:that house that the noble earl told the Salina mouth to OWNS all steetrabsed of war, and
the blockade of the Salim was thessibrei raised ;but he was
serious a pressure as he had already shown they bad dose them that whatever might be his personal or private feelings
on the trade of the Emperor of Russia, with the prospect of —however anxious he might be to maintain the trade of convinced that at that miasma every other Russian port is
inflicting a severer pressure in future years, and that they this countn—he thought st right to my that in the patios the Black Sea was hwektulad' With respect in the While
should have sustained so smell a proportion of injury be occupied he should feel it incumbent upon hist to take Sea, the cones adopted rammemary for French and liar
thermal's. (Hear, bear.) He humbly submitted to the every mew in his power to vs., to harass, and to annoy pith interests. The coins of teak was that large advisees
louse that this justified the government in ths course the rut unsay against whom we were engaged. (Cheers.) were made every pear by File* and English merchant.
they had pursued of adopting that mode of nprosoos,whish Considering the diSeulties with which all our operations for Russian produce to be eh
from the White km.
was calculated to inflict the maximum of injury on tbs had bun accompanied, he (Lord Duncan) thought that the In the usual amuse 11"" whwille° had Win made in au
enemy and the minimum of injury on themselvee, and of cenduct of the &obis tail did the greatest possible credit to autumn of the year before late, cad If the French and is
nfralaing from worth g to that mode of repression which her Majesty's administration. (Cheers,) He could not for lisp government. had deMedeed to institute•
would SAM a alight and temporary injury ea the essay and an instant forget that, during what bad been called the blockade from Os first merwat of the we, the Ansel
• peat and permanent end increasing injury as themselves. party shuffles of which they had lately hoards much, and English merchants would ben leat tboir anew. ael
(Chew.) He bad not referred to the spumes which his there was the greatest unanimity on on. point—namely, the Ramillies kept thew' eali tillisdhse le° whi°ll 11.71 ii.
bus. Mired the member for Stoke-upon Trent (Mr. J. L. that, whatever changes might take place, the Earl of Cla- made. The common interest, and the digitate* of antra
Riesedo) had vastly presented to the members of that Tendon was not to be removed from the position he so woo sense were consulted by not instituting the Mira& Wilk
ram; he had dealt, as it became him to do, with Unman thlly occupied as the &enter, of State for Foreign product was secured. As to the Bass, it was meapretemliel
aerate in the past year, and with the results which that Lifters. (Loud cheers.) He (LeadDancan) would Wilds a blockade had not been established. As MIN .10m.th tin
mums of events had produced. He thought ha had shown bon. friends who had spoken in favour of this motion French and English governments wort dotormiang to Osti.
thst the vigorous prosecution of the war had bean the desire that he bad more confidence in the noble earl's judg- tuts • strict blockade of oho White 3.4 i the Mann
aka gentomestaed that if they had refrained from adopt- meat than in theirs, for ths noble lord had carried toe the navigatioa opined, that In the Bala ragd be
kith* moseares which his hon. friend the member for Ply- country triumphantly through the war as far as his renewed, and he was convinced that at Nat menemat
Math aid his boa. friend the member for Bridport had foreign policy was concerned. (Lord Dunces penciled then was not • single open port in the Black Bea. (Hear.)
irgit misbecame 'My believed that those measures would to road extract from letters he had received funs Rossio, Mr. DUNCAN bore testimony to the accuracy of the
rious,not to tile great Emperor against whom they wen stating that prices wore 30 per cont. higher than duriag the tight hon. baronet's statement es to the circessastimme of
easteadine, but to the manufacturing population of Ilse- peace, which must inevitably produce great distress, and the blockade of the White Sea. Ho had waited at Ma es
land, to the agriculture of Ireland, to the revenue of th that if the protest stand still should matinee iamb rant one of a deputation, to ask that they might be allowed to
State, and, speaking geaerally, to the domestic prosperity trade would be completely ruined.) Now, Mills the Jim remove the littiduec against which they had made wdelsw"
of the kingdom. (Chain.) aim people won in that sotto of distress, let the home for The right hon. baronet waded to this roiliest ;he pro-
mised to let thins remove their goods, but would not sagas
Kr. J. 1.. RICARDO said he should have bean very will • moment turn their attention to the people of Fray,
suited to let the speech of the right hon. gentleman who which hs represented, and which was largely eraged be "Y find tine heft" wit" the Wachs" would net
had jut est kw be taken as an anger to the remarks in the linen trod*. Whetbar they looked thus, to to the instituted. Since that period not oats of his as
rage hag boss made by the leaned wake it, Plymouth West Riding of Yorkshire, or to the northern pens skims had carried on any trade with Russia.
.
sod the hes member for Bridport, as the geraples he had of Ireland, they would find that the stateof tan people Mr COLLIER, in reply, explaked that any expression
laid dew aiming la the safewith those which he would be benefited by keeping doers the prises of fins to he awl used with "Yawl to the Much". wal wet intended
(Mr. Rianie) had publicly siluserad; bet those wartime the lowest possible amount. How could the tub of Ramie to apply to the administfatiew of the Admiralty by air 3.
ee two polka is the Me egossiaas while Mid hems delivered be stepped I Were we to deelen war with Pinsk ? Heald Graham, but he had alluded to the 'sandlot of ewe of those
ups. Obi& the Paideet of the Eased of Task had not we pram{ Hraien rakes rake thrash Perak ? entrusted with theadministrationadministrationcc it Balakiays. With to-
toads& It. wWe Mew the ham, member for Britt- Even if thsy raid, ;beg would god th.. gamma yrimbioe teed to his complaint on the subject of the blothede in the
lack Sea, he should leave it to the =env to decide how
port weld 'SANS* to him any motives of self-interest In would coma tato this country anagh some otherchannel, 13
With regard to the
tbs sown which he had rase ; said the position of the if it was waked. Was the Mee gravely to deliberate I"4had hi.e.",.._tatiefeetott "'wend'
Baltic he had urged that either there
boa. and learned gutless who bed made this ao- whether Rama out off the num* of Ira stoma ? No blockade " "L'
should be a good blockade or some, and he
ties was quits seillieleett to that he, tee, doubt Mks werratinuid, other rases might be found
Md asserted that the blockade had been seriously
had no self-kunst is that ay fur • Minima from wham seppEes of raw produce might be lewd equal -.:A..a B. ~i.h.A to all .w..d.. in a serious
blockade width had been beard Ihnigket the mislay. a the apples shah we received from Eras, bat Ist the a—'''''' ''— ---- --- -------- — -----
mistake which had bean made by oho right hon. gentleman
Ths hon. sad Maned nitrates said that Praia was ins- house eraider what evils woad be Saluted upea
fringing her mattality in allowise Realm prams to pass the districts he had named by lb. mime which (Mr. Cardwell). The right hoe. gentleman had in his &raw
.
througb that esuatry ; but that was an &aura el very bad been segginted by the of this no mesh take oho rotunts of the Board of Trade of imports
little prettied limo, for Eriglamd would buy that radios ties. what On distress they sw:Prill
have to contend from Rtlaalc_inthth;: country acting the last peer i het the
were now curled by means of land
whether it sera theough Prra or by any ether lams, against if the reer material wen suddenly cut off. There '"` was, "'' Imports
carriage, by which goods wore &Mined longer in Mout ; and
and whether ible eemetry wee at war with Eras et het. was draw eragh in those districts already. He (the
That bad alarms bees fle am Decrees wen unable to noble lord) had tbat day received letters stating that tae the question was not what quantity of goods was imported,
sameleg Prohibit grata Rem ithe this mussy I. the we it had nand greatly from the war, but that they were st•• bat what quantity was ordered and on its way. When,
Punt TM right his. gralINEOl bed prated out very willing to endare any menet*/ ; that they were therefore, the right h°ll'
‘f"'"1""" "jetted to thetet"ce
, thew fate to show a diminution of ia want. as the imports last year,
clearly that a groat Wary wan karat set by the deepen talking to take their full share of the
of the French, belay mestetves se wain ram MU way. shan of the pains and penalties, hat wen not with's. be adopted ;• fallacious teat of the mint of the
He (Mr. Runrdo) .tea wish to eater at way Maga lino that the government by any hasty or inj step show; trade, as the returns of ths next two months would show.
this object, for Ms*mime were well Mira, nod he aggravate thou. dimities. me m) ow ge. pert of hie He (Mr. Collier) bad before him a paper .Igned by ell the
principal merchants of St. Petersburg, which stated the
would only notice a Ow of the obouvations that constituents, b• publicly thanked this gio lilendollit for what
bad. fallea from the honoursWo member for Held. they had already done in regard**, oneduet of the war, quantity of tallow Mat from Rulais last year. The result
port. Of all the variety of sr/noses he lied heard— but at the use time be most swam • hem that by no such' wsthat..in the eari 1864 then had been exported 82,667
of all the coallicting reasons whin' bon bun urged in sup- count as that suggested would tiny indict upon his con- .„cask',
,„„ while il i INS then wort 102,000 casks, and in 1862
pert of on simple propoition—the most remarkable wort shotgun, and others in • Smiler pesition. heavier distress' a.;'uu ca'''' ; so
...that thequisalim, of tallow sect
these which had been advareepd is those two spossibos. TM than they wore at present called upon to snouts. (Cheers.) from Ramis la lasra was about the sum* as was sa-
ke. mean, for Bridport began by &tondos tho right boa. WATSON wished to say a few words, because his ported in 1862, and only a thud less than the
Went at the head of the Ad iiralty for not • eleastilleamei wine deeply interested in the question ; but he exports of 1853. He was jastilled, therefore, in his
quantity had been seat out
Miami blockade, showing that AM only part In ill atekrad to follow the President of the Board of Trade position that almost the mom ..
from and ordered in Russia by British capitalists in the
there was a stringent blockade waist ths Danubtee_Mi keg IA SW dieramiss of the general question whether it win
as although it was detained longer on Its way by
we kid se corn in coniequenco. (Hear, hoar.) ws SIIIII Marais to persevere in the system of blockade. If tb• year ever,
and carriage. The ,ncg Of het right MO, ;collet:a m-
u argweet worthy of that bout ? ('. Hem, burl end organist of the right hon. gentleman was good for any-
ha_Vil He that we ought cost to let the thing, it was good for this—that blockades ought to be Plant not only to tallow bat to bump and Ng. He (Mr.
Collier) therefore was not removed friZtt this position Im had
n mew We this country. The Harem Rods deme away with altogether, and a system of free trade in
taken when he asserted that the blockade k the Bails had
"won Weak ouraly the sumo, wed WildlisSiks lime of war established. In his opinion, the proper policy
Fist Lied oldie the aeiwally el eel of this Demon was, by a etrilit blockade, to destroy tb. been evaded. He had suggested what be th.'ught the most
'Sahara 40 prevent the of • Pepulatioa he peeperty of Raids, of the nobles of Ramie, lad thus cripple effective way of magpies the trade, essoly, by
"WOW le lied hem the sewspapers was k ewe the resources of the Emperor; is fact, towage war against remonstrating_, with BMW% sod, If she Robed the. a.qies,
_tuna W the away up in arms ie emesgeemee the countinghouse of Russia. What he complained ot was, It „maid on nu really &EMI Mt fralla le the prods,:
'Kt WO Plias which prevalled.zumiateet, hear.) Thera. that while they professed the system, ;and proclaimed a
of nu"' innx, that Um tiliht hi sesta he a giat'y,4 Utast
leallira whiled to strike Me hould be norced • an
prate ehtgahsr, bleekede, they did not carry it out, MO oratituents were
c,, d, Sat egg prebibid.../ deeicirrc
f Basra red i Amain. tIttliDAL.-1/1 the H°9l. 4 grl""..
led MOW swiftest's of eat, a stablest upom width mere deeply interested than ths inhabitants of any other IL - -la. -nt° thiamin/WS, ifibli Kfffillterafind. I
= said
b.
died
to
lucid
and
conyinsiai
tow.
in
the
htegtiew,
ai
.._,..... a loge teed' ~, unseici Ijf ell those failed, be would meat that It Willi lle better to nett:upend ' . ...millOall,
W the President of the Board of Trade. BM. Willi "- w---,_
to Is zraiti."e al Black' give lip the blockade altogethie.asd la that *ass he W-Imorr",
Mr.
- es to ask the First Lord of the
• • us. Waramlol WS/ AA.,:...1,. , ~,..
the boa, ...A1.....
- -----•-•• had got Mkt iralikable UM of [leas. Whoa the Ed Lord of the Admiralty supported bY the member Ng Stoke. The stoniest..? ""—"'"3 w".`"" " - the t madras* ant blame
110119701000
to Admiral papa •
Al for not attachlog Odessa &woad lira'.

representatives is the f his death either in action or
adder other circumstances; whether the whole of the
money paid by an officer for his commissions is seers-
aced by him when he attaias the rank of major g 1;
of the annual pay of a major-general, and of other officers
of higher grade ; and of the number of commissions given
away Mace the Ist day cf 'toasty, 1863, and the roles and
practices in force concerning the gift of commissions, anti
whether an officer to whom a commission is given is, by the
rules of the service, entitled to sell his commission for the
regulation pries.

SUPPLY.

Mr. WILSON brostgbi;; the of the committee of
supply.
NEWSPAPER. &c., POSTAGE AND STAMP
DUTIES.

Mr. WILSON broughT;;ll7;re port on the resolution..
The bill was afterwards read a first time, and ordered for a
second reading oa Friday.
MARIN* MUTINY AND MUTINY BILLS.

OA iii•ntOtionT.ll47l.ONAmTes,a..7..iiu.,;;;Tead •
first time.

The house adjourned at 20 minutes to 1, till 2 o'clock
1 this day.

Int Court.