The Express.
London, England, 1852-05-15 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, MAY 15, 1852.

SOUTH AMERICAN MAILS.
The Severn arrived at Southampton yesterday
morning. A summary of her intelliowee, forwarded
by electric telegraph, was published in our mewed
edition.
The Severn's dates are : Buenos Ayres, April 3 ;
Monte Video, 6; Rio Janeiro, 14; Bahia, 1$; Per-
nambuco, 21 : St. Vincent, 30; Tenerife, May b;
Madeira, 0; and Lisbon, 10.
Among her 103 passengers wore Professor Airy,
Lord Frederick, Lady Augusta, and Min Fits-
elarence. _ _ _

Three passengem part of the crew of thebrig
Jessica, of Jersey, burned at sea on the 4th April and
sent home as distressed British subjects, died on
board between St. Vincent and Lisbon. Tho Severn
lost one man from fever, who died shortly after
leaving Rio ; this was the only case of illness on
board during the voyage. Immediately on its being
made known he had left a widow and family the
passengers subscribed the sum of 661. for them.
H.M.S. Centaur, with flag of Rear-Admiral W. W.
Ilenderson, at Rio on the 14th, was to leave on the
20th for Bahia. Crescent, Rifleman, and Harpy at
Rio. Plumper and Locust at Monte Video. Bo-
netta cruising off Bahia. Archer at St. Vincent, on
her was to Lisbon from Sierra Leone.
The Brazilian squadron was withdrawn from the
River Plato, with the exception of the steamers, on
board one of which Admiral Grenfelrs flag was
flying. The United States ship Jamestown was at
Bahia, and the Germantown and John Adams at
Madeira : they were expecting to be recalled from
the coast of Africa, as their services seem no longer
to be required.
General Urquiza remained at Palermo, war
Buenos Ayres, and seemed to entertain considerable
mistrust as to the use which the inhabitants might
make of their liberty. In a proclamation dated from
that place, and published in the British Packet of
the 27th of March, the General warns them against
converting the press, "that master-key of liberty,
into a vile instrument of anarchy and licentiousness,"
and tells them plainly that the despotism of Roses
and all the blood that had deluged the Argentine
Republic was primarily due to the immorality engen-
dered by a demagogic press, which propagates
infamous libels. "Roses was nothing more than the
exponent of a misled community, an abortion of
anarchy, the offspring of ignorauee, and the practical
result of the errors of public opinion." The inhabi-
tants, on their part, were still in doubt as to the
ultimate intentions of the liberating general.
Tho following is from a private letter, dated Buenos
Ayres, April 3:
The report of an open rupture between the Brazilisn
suthorities widths Oriental government, as to the execution
of the late treaties made and ratified by President Suarez,
is the only thing of importance we have at present to com-
musket*. The negotiations have been suspended, and the
Brazilian envoy has written to Rio for fresh instructions.
It is even said that some violence hes been offlored to
the residence of the imperial legation in Meats Video.
Matters in that quarter be. r a very dubious aspect ; and we
have no doubt that the sympathies of a large proportion
of this republic are with the Oriental authorities.
With respect to matters here, it is generally thought that
General Urquiza will not aspire to the governorship of this
province, but that he may use his great influence te get in
Colonel Galan, who has been his mtaister-general in Entre-
Rios for many years; and that, in the event of s national
organisation, be himself may have views to the presidency
of the republic. AU this, however, is merely conjecture.
The result of the elections, fixed for the 11th inst., will
threw important light en our situation and prospects.
Don Juan Giro was elected President of the Oriental
Republic on the Ist of March by a large majority. The'
aninerit, subsequently gave its adhesion to the new Presi-
dent ea the faith that the programme of October hat would
be serried oat. A new ministry was shortly afterwards
ttsfialdvely constituted.
The state of the province of Buenos Ayres was
not very reassuring, owing to the number of lawless
person' who rendered travelling without strong
eseorts very dangerous. In the other provinces of
the. Confederation tranquillity had not been dis-
turbed, except in Tucuman, which had been invaded
by Don Crisostomo Alvarez, falsely invoking the
authority of General Urquiza. He was, however,
defeated by the governor of that district, and subse-
quently shot.

RIO DE JANEIRO, APRIL 13.

The news from Monte Video per Prince is any-
thing but satisfactory to the Brazilian government,
the newly organised administration having refused
to ratify the treaties signed by Luarez and earneiro
Leao, upon the pretext that the former had exceeded
his powers, and had never been authorised to make
each treaties with the Brazilian miaister ; also, that
the consent of the English and French governments
mast be obtained in the matter of the free naviga-
tion of the river. The Brazilian papers make the
best of the business, and affect to consider the state
of things as being promising rather than otherwise,
but it is very evident that there is little hope at pre-
sent of arriving at any satisfactory arrangement.
Meanwhile the internal state of the Argentine
Confederation itself is unfavourable to the continu-
ation of peace. An ill feeling appears to prevail
between Urquiza and his brother chiefs, and it seems
by no means improbable that the late occurrences
were but the prelude to a more fierce and sanguinary
straggle.
Our coffee market is very firm, and prices have
advanced since the arrival of the Severn fully 150
refs per arroba, and for superior qualities a still far-
ther advance is probable. The new crop is just be-
ginning to arrive, and all accounts agree in stating
it to be • very abundant one, and excellent in qua-
lity. Of this our chief article of exportation, and
the great source of the rapidly-increasing riches and
prosperity of Brazil, the production increases yearly.
The high prices of 1849-50 induced the Brazilian
firmer' to make extraordinary efforts to add to the
size and number of their plantations, in which they
were materially aided by the large importation of
slaves about that period. Those now plantations arc
just now coming into bearing, and we look forward
to having an enormous crop in consequence.
Under favourable circumstances, the coffee pro-
duced will still go on increasing: The proposed
railroad, the construction of which is now finally de-
termined upon, will render accessible millions of
acres of fertile soil, now lying waste and unprodue-
tive. The enormous capital hitherto employed in
the slave trade will probably be devoted to this pur-
pose : the only drawback to a profitable
result being. the scarcity of labour which
the suppression of the trade will prodass.
This inconvenience, however, will be met by the iso•
portotion of a large number of colonists from Europe,
particularly from Germany and Switzerland, it
having been found that the hardworking and frugal
habits of those people peculiarly qualify them for
Erase tin this country. Of the large number
:of emigrants who arrive hero annually,
I,y' few devote themselves to agricultural
pewits, the greater number establishing road-side
moan in the interior ; and, as abundance of food
may be had without working for it, and clothing
may almost be dispensed with, those people dream
away their lives in an idle and profitless exist-
ence, and, in place of benefiting, in too many
cases become • pest to the country. The Swiss
and Germans, on the contrary, are active and useful
producers, and the government has shown its wisdom
in offering them every inducement to emigrate to
the empire.
The large purchases of coffee clamed exchange to
rise towards the end of the month to 271 d.; some
small transactions were reported at 27;d. ; it has
since declined, and some considerable amount was
Clat 270. at 60 days, and 271 to d.I at 90.
oad transactions since the Tay are estimated at
280,0004 including 20,000/. taken by the Treasury.
In sugar little has been doing, the most important
sale being that of 100 boxes for PortugaL We esti-
mate the stock at 4,000 boxes of all qualities.

COMMEB.CIAL INTELLIGENCE.
(Fres the British PaoW.)

Hume Lynn., APRIL 3.
Holders are Incited to realise, and purchasers deterred
from investing, by the anticipation of sweeping modifica-
tions in war Custombeues system; and the sfissee of the
provisional government cea the pint would be matter of
deep regret, were ft sot atheneseed by the eameeseed
I election and Installation of ear pethleski vereeithativie,
and the prevalent, though still Taw, ezpeostatith of the
early convocation of a National Nevem The atlYPowd
proximity of them great events, awl tha organic changes
that may. probably result, tend is othesse the actual per-
, Illhi eggravate the neeeessay depreethe sad languor
be es by the notorious evertrettlng et 11549 and
beet the disastrous effects of which we bad not quite
theevered, though hopefully convalescent. Despite all
the.. drawbacks end impediments, the movement of the
wholesale market in manufactured goods during the past
mouth has be very coadderable. At large proportion of
the traniaotions has been effected by public auctions in
earnmay, at two, four, and six, or three, four, and firs

menthe. In general we swiped the account Bala remitted
by the present packet must wear • dolefal aspect to im-
parare ; while the risks and liabilities of our local dealer
have been arionsly increased.
Extown.—The movement in thiii all-important depart-
ment bas ecettimied languid till within thew lest few days,
when more inquiries have been making, especially after
salted hides and the better classes of tallow. The reaction In
the wisatry market has apparently deranged prices, but as it
new prises to keep tolerably steady, f
lowarti must con-
form to Its sovereign decision while the rate of freight.
in part neutralises its effect:. The actual amount of pro-
duce shipped in March, as may be sees by oar statement, is
meth greeter than could have been expected in the circum-
stances, showing that the tumour so loudly complained of
arisen sot so much from the absolute scarcity of produce, as
from our indifferent assortments, and the operation of acci-
dental, and we trust temporary, extraneous MIMI. Our
good friends, the Americans, rather overdid the thing last
year; but their overstoeks must be getting exhausted, and
they are precisely the parties we are bat prepared to
supply.
Rio nn JANEIRO, APRIL 13.

Corms.—Washed, 4 dots. 200 r. to 4 dole. 800 r. ; superior,
3 dole. 900 r. to 4 dole. 100 r. ; ht good, 3 dole. 750 r. to 3 doh.
800 r. ; Ist ordinary, 3 dole. 600 r. to 3 doh. 000 r.; 2nd good,
3 dole. 200 r. to 3 dohs. 330 r. Stock this day, 105,000 bags.
Sales since last packet, 190,0110 bags
SUOAK.—Redondo, 2 doh. 700 r. per 321 be. Batido,
2 dole. 600 r. per 321hs. ; Maseavo, 1 dol. 800 r. p.r 3211 a.
Stock this day, 4,000 boxes.
Excunnons, &c.—London, 275. to 2715. per milrei ;
Paris, 350 per ditto; Hamburg, 6:ro per ditto; stotk, 102 ;
Spanish doubloons, 29 doh. 900 r.; Spanish dollars, 1 dul.
900 r. to 1 dol. 950 r. ; Commercial Bank Shares, 685 dole. ;
Brazil Bank, 64 dole. premium.