The Express.
London, England, 1863-01-01 00:00:00

'SHE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 1, 1863.

tion disciplined and dnlled to arms, are not the
cheapest and sweet mode of deterring and repelling
aggression.
Our neighbours, a purely military people, are
spared these considerations. Their aim is to be
ready for movement, for action, for invasion.
Defame is but secondary, at least with the present
Government. For Paris was fortified, and the
works of Cherbourg far advanced, ere the present
EMPEROR came to power. He has spent much in
erecting depots, and on his great harbour of
refuge, as well as in keeping fortresses in a state of
repair. But it is not preparation for defence
that exhausts his treasury; it is preparation for
offence, for amassing and protecting all the mate-
rials of war. It is difficult to trace the appl;cation
of all the sums dest;ned for this purpose ;-1 the
French Budget ; but the twenty-six or twenty-
seven millions sterling spent on the war-budgets
amply cover them.

THE Revenue accounts made up to last evening,
and which we publish to-day, present a surpria-
ling picture of the national resources in the fa. 3 of
a national calamity. At a season when the very
mainspring of our wealth is shattered, when the very
bone of our bone is shrunk and paralysed, withonr
richest province subsisting upon alms, and the life-
b'ood of our industry arrested at its source, l•ere is
the amazing reality of Revenue Tables for the finel
quarter of the year just closed, showing no:. only
a considerable increase on the preceding quar-
ter, and on the corresponding quarter o: the pre-
ceding year, but in the gross produce of the
Revenue for the whole year compared with the pre-
ceding year.
In the quarter ended December 31, 1862, as com-
pared with the corresponding period of 1861, there
is a net increase of 1,310,8891. ; in the expired
portion of the " financial year, " which begins
with April, there is a comparative net increase
of 1,321,9501. ; and in the year ended last right
there is a comparative nefincrease of 2,392,5781.
Following the same compel:sons there is an in-
crease in every item of Revenue save one. Under
the head of " Taxes " only there is a de-
crease of 12,0001. In the nine months of the
" Financial Year," beginning with April, 1862,
there is an increase in every it3m save two ; in
" Excise" there is sides:ease of 798,0001. ; and in
Taxes of 12,0001. In the whole year there is a
decrease of 627,0001. in one item only, that of
Excise.

The totals of the gross produce of the Revenue
of the Ur'ted Kingdom are for the year 1864,
70,996,4291., and for the preceding yet:
68,603,8511. In Customs there is actually a
fair increase on the year. In Excise there is a
decrease on the year, only too well ac-
counted for by the distress 4°l the North.
But even in Excise there is a slight increase on
the last quarter of the year, compared with
the September quarter—in which the decrease
had been far heavier than in the pre-
ceding Jane quarter. The other items
call for less comment at such a time as
this. On the whole, these Revenue tables
should make the nation, in the midst of its
trials and adversities, full of gratitude, confidence,
and hope.

LLTNET INTELLIGENCE

THI KINGDOM OF ITALY.

We (Times, second edition) have received the
following telegram from our Turin correspondent :
*TURIN, JalroAßT L
" At the court levee the Bing spoke to the follow-
ing effect :

"He entreated the parliament to put trust in
him, and expressed a hope that 1863 would be a
happier year than 1862. He alluded to the folly
of dreamers, who endangered public order. When
the pacification of the southern provinces was
achieved, the national cause would be fully
triumphant. The spirit of the army was most
excellent, and wholly Italian. With it and a con-
cordant nation the world might be defied."

Murzets maGRAme4
FRANCE

pious, JAIL I.

The Moniteur of this morning publishes an im-
perial decree fixing the number of deputies to be
elected. in future at 283.
The Moniteur also announces some nominations
to the Legion of Honour.

SPAIN.

MADRID, Die. 31, Evimorc.

Three editors of the Epoca holding government
appointments have, in consequence of their differ-
ing with the government upon the Mexican ques-
tion, tendered their resignation, which has been ac-
cepted. One of the councillors of state has also
sent in his resignation.
Marshal O'Donnell has declared he will accept
any resignation which may be tendered.
It is stated that he approves of the acts of
General Prim during his stay in Mexico, but not
his language towards France, nor his ideas relative
to Juarez. Neither does Marshal O'Donnell favour
General Prim's views with regard to the union of
the liberal party.

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

611011 OUR OWN

r.)

PARIS, WZDAISIDAY Evianta.

The few people in France who still take an in-
terest in the slender rights which the subject nomi-
nally enjoys under the constitution of 1262 think
they have a clear cue of illegality against the
government on this 31st of December, 1862. The
constitution says that every department is to be
divided into electoral districts proportioned to the
population, which is the " basis of the election,"
and that these districts are to be remodelled "every
five years." Last session M. Plichon complained
in the Corps Legialatif that the fire years since the
last revision (in 1867) had expired, and that the
government had violated the constitution by
reglecting to make the new apportionment.
The minister without portfolio on duty
for the day replied that the true construction of
the constitution gave the government the
whole of the fifth year to make the change, and
that although five years from the last revision had
expired on May 29, 1862, the government had the
whole of the remaining period of the year 1862 in
wl-ich to publish the new circumscriptions at any
time which they might think fit. He added, in
that tone of indignant reproof which the imperial
ministers habitually assume towards the represen-
tatives of the people when they ask impertinent
questions, that the government would take care,
in its own good time, and " in the course of this
year," to publish the new electoral districts,
and that nobody would have cause to com-
plain of the want of sufficient notice.
Well, we are now in the last day of 1862,
and the Moniteur has no decree about the electoral
districts. It is barely possible that a decree may
be signed to-day and published to-morrow, but
nobody thinks this tardy justice likely. What will
the government be able to say if (as in all likelihood
I will be the case) the Moniteur shall be silent to-
morrow 1 Five years and six months will have
It:mimeo without a vital constitutional prescription
which ought to be obeyed " within five years"
having been complied with. The supineness or
impotence of the deputies have allowed the govern-
ment the full benefit of a very frail quibble. What
shall they say now 1 I can conceive no argument
for their defence.

The France tells us—although I was not aware
of the fact—that "several journals seek to accredit
the rumour" that the legislative session, which
opens on January 12, will not be inaugurated by
the Emperor ; that there will be no speech from
the throne, and, consequently, no address. N. de
la Gueronnihre's journal, with prudent caution,
hastens to express an opinion that all this might
be without, strictly speaking, any violation of the
constitution. But it thinks that if such a deroga-
tion from ordinary usage could be for a moment
conceived possible, it would be a thing, if not ab-
solutely contrary to the letter, at least very hostile
to the spirit of the liberal decree of Nov. 24. It,
therefore, considers the "rumour "—a rumour so
noiseless that, I believe, no one has yet heard it
as unfounded.

A commendable reform is promulgated by the I
Moniteur on the initiative of M. de Persigay.
The prefectoral councils, which have hitherto been
secret tribunals, are henceforth to be public. It ap-
pears that 200,000 cases relative to public works,
highways, taxes, watercourses, mines, elections,
&c., are annually disposed of in these courts.
The sittings were not only secret, but the parties
interested were not heard. With regard to one
important head of the jurisdiction, that of "elec-
tions," many iniquitous decisions have been mane
in favour of mayors, protectoral agents, and other
functionaries, which it will now be somewhat more
difficult to repeat.
The France says that the cabinet of Vienna,
without repudiating in principle the cession of the
lonian Islands, has called the attention of the Eng-
lish government to the serious difficulties which
may result from the step.
The Bourse was weak, partly in consequence of
the turn of the operations for the settlement, and
partly (as some suppose) on account of the displea-
sure felt by the French government at Marshal
O'Donnell's speech in the Spanish Senate. The
Rents fell 10c. for cash, and 200. for account, clos-
ing at 691 r. 95c. and 69fr. 90c. Other securities
left off without much change.

The marriage of Marsha Canrobert with Miss
Macdonald, of Grove House, Windsor, will be
solemnised early in January. The Emperor and
Empress have sent the bride-elect an autograph
letter, accompanied by a present of diamonds.
The Daily News is seized, for the first time for
the last ten days.

la RIPORT.—(THIS DAY.)

-4,-- -
T/Oaus►i. imvAity 3, • LL

111. W. 1. X. C l. IL L. L
..—.- .... ''—'
Nairn .17 3 W.N.W. • 3 I
Abortions - I
Leith .36 46 2 LW. • - 4
Arthur=
Panne* - 1
Gahm .• • - .52 0 W.
r- & 3
Yalestla
a 49.73 6. 1 LW. 0 - 7
160=1.2w06 39.66 , 1 &LW. • $O. $
Liverpool - 6
Pembroke
Psnranoe 30.06 52 1 W.S.W. r 7 & 4
Brest . '.1660 1 LW. r - 8
Jersey ..... ,2447 1 LW. 0 - I
L'Orlent - I
Rochefort - 1
Pb.soutb - 5
Wes.nouth • ..06 , 0 LW. 44 6 0.46 3
Pot.ataouth ...07 4. 1 W.S.W. r - 6
Key. • . 1 LLW.
Yarmouth .. ..98 1 1/.8.W. 0 - $
Scarborough. -•.6747 2 W.S.W. 4 it - 4
Shields . - 4
H 0.901406 ...• 'A) 1 LW. - - 3
=lgen

StMAI'. - SAIVISM
B.W.
with to W. and N.. a 110011.11 h, N.W. to N.Z., strops
rt* rain. to mederate.
W.11.W. to N.W. and DMA= Northerly, unsettled,
N.N.Z., a gale, with rainy.
rain.
B.W. to N.W. and N., W. Cintaiit. W.N.W. to N.N.Z ,
a gale, rainy. showery.
As next above. N.W.FaAtiol. As above.
As above. LW.lssimann. As above.
W.N.W. Co
N.N.W.divng ralto N.N.W., Li ltioniAgo. N.N.W. to LN.N.,
h, unsettled.
' "LN.L, a Z. Come. N. tras
to Z. and B.L,
gale, with rain. strong, showery.
Drum signal in north, and to the vast, and loath this morn.ng.

The Ost Deutsche Post states that this season, u
in ninny previous ones,amysterious carriage went ou Christ-
mas-eve through the suburbs of Vienne. It stopped before
the poorest houses ; a lady after deeceadiog from it topped
at the window, and when the door was opened presented a
box containing toys and cakes, saying, " On behalf of the
infant Jeans ; " then, without waiting for thanks, re.
entered the carriage and disappeared. No one has up to
this time been able to discover the name of this bene-
factress.

The Preu of Vienna says :—" From the Ist
January, • new political journal will be published at
Mantua, entitled Il Telegrafo del Mind°, which will be
edited in what the Austrian cabinet would eall • liberal
sense, and will be the semi-official organ of the go►era•
meet after the statute of the Venetian kingdom shall hare
been promulgated."
The Nazione of Florence states that on the 26th
ult. • disturbance occurred in the National Theatre of that
city, some of the audience calliog loudly for the hymn of
Garibaldi, while others refused to hear it. The hymn being
prohibited, the authorities of the theatre did not comply
with the call ; whereupon ► tumult arose and the perform.
•acs was interrupt:. d, until the prima donna appeared and
addend the public with so much grime and proms cd
mind, inviting them to abstain from may further disorder,
that she wss loudly applauded, end the performance was
resumed and brought to ► close without any more
interruption. . _ .

The-effect of the weather on the London poor is
remarkably exemplified on the premises of the kienaleity
Society. "We are a reviler thermometer," said the cook
(who is a constable also). " Directly the cold come, the
distress is upon us." The frost throws thousands of Loudon
labourers out of employ. The Fey iours, hodmen, brick-
layers, and navvies, allows working, and at once they are
in distress. At the present moment there is not a man in
the society's stone-yard, nor has it been yet opened during
the present w;oter, and in the oakum-room there are only a
few pickers—say from 30 to 40. A sharp day or two would
completely change the aspect of affairs.
The medals awarded to the exhibitors are now an
course of delivery, and notices have been sent requesting
those who are entitled to receive them to call or seed for
them before the 10th of the mouth. The fortunate prize-
medallists appear extremely apathetic on the subject ;
several have sent word that they are not worth going for,
and have intimate 1 that if the commissioners choose to
_ .

mend them well and good, but that they decline to give
themselves the trouble of going to Kensington for them.
THE REPRESENTATION OF TOTNIr3.—Mr. John
Dent khas issued an address to the electors of Totems. Is
compliance with the terms of the requisition presented to
him, and which he states was signed by nearly half the erns-
stituency, he is again a candidate for the honour of repre-
senting the borough in parliament. Mr. Dent, with a view
to counteract the Duke of Somerset's influence, has recently
purchased an estate within the borough, and to this circum-
@tepee allusion ins made in his address, where he speaks of
having taken meats for the protection on the spot of
electors who vote for him. Mr. Dent is in London, and ;s
reveot:il b 7 illness from. visiting Totnas. Mr. Alfred
Se) moor addressed • meet.ing of the electors on Tuesday
evening, and • resolution declaring him a tit and proper
candidate to represent the borough was adopted.
THE RIPRESENTATIoN OF EMUS:R.—The retire-
ment of Mr. Alfred Seymour from the position of candidate
for the representation of Exeter has induced some of the
liberal party to desire another champion to fight their battle
in league with Mr. Coleridge. They have even fixed upon
their man, though no steps have been taken to bring him
forward. This gentleman is Mr. Bowring, son of Sir John
Bowring. of Chinese notoriety, an old Exocian, and • magi*.
trate—Western Morning News.
THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. —Yesterday
the commissioners formally gave up possession of the build-
ing to Messrs. Kelk and Lucas. The owentoey wee a very
simple and matter-of-fact one. merely coesisting in Mr.
Sandford handing a bunch of keys to Mr. Laces. With
this formality the Exhibition may be said to be closed, and
the great undertaking, which has been more or lees before
the public for the last two years, pares with the year 1862
into the records of history. Franes, Belgium, and Spain
have not yet cleared out ; Austria line a few pack-
ages to remove, and its representative, Chevalier
Schwartz, will Molly leave in • few days ; Rus-
sia has left several large packages of heavy goods until
the opening of the navigation in the Baltic shill pezmit of
their being sent by ship to St. Petersburg. ?emission has
been given to Mr. Willis, and other owners of the large
organs, to leave those instruments for some time, in the
hope that purchasers may be found for them. The
same indulgence has been given to Messrs. Minton,
with respect to their majolica fountain, which
still stands intact beneath the eastern dome, look-
ing strangely out of place in the deserted pile,
The grim.lookiog barons of Runnymede, of Mears. Elkin;.
ton, are the only objects which keep it company in this
part of the building. In the nave there scads a melan-
choly wreck—the mixed-pickle trophy—no one seeming to
owe so much for it as to be at the expense of removing
it. Pity some manager had not secured it for a feature
in his pantomime. The memorial obelisk of granite is
still in its place in the nave. A few days since • lady
took compassion on the owner, and purchased it for
1001.; and preparations are being made for its immediate
removal. The very beautiful Norwich gates of Messrs.
Bishop and Son have not been Limn down ; and there
are some few odds and ends remaining in other
pails of the nave—etrange contrast to the crowds
of trophies which a short time since occupied the
space. The large clock of Mcssm Dent, of the Strand, which
formed so strikiug an object in the eastern window, will,
with the consent of Mare. Kelk and Lucas, remain
until something definite has been decided with respect to',
the fate of the building. It still keeps that game remark-
ably accurate time which, during the busy day. of the
Exhibition, caused it to be regarded as one of the marvels
of modern mechanism. Its 'hands, of 22 feet long, still
point with unerring fidelity to the hours, keeping exact
pace with the Greenwich Observatory, and rivalling the
performance of the great Victoria clock at Westminster,
and this in spite of the dampness and humidity
.which are
so fully developed beneath the domes. The picture gal-
; leries have long since been cleared of their contents, and it
is gratifying to learn that not a single instance has circuited
injury
of any having been received either in the arils/re of
the pictures or during the time they remained on view.—
Morning Post.
Tek BANK OF DEPOSIT.—With a view to put an
end to all litigation on the question of liability, the Marqo4
of Aberoorn has proposed to pay to the funds of the assn.
ciation the sum of 10,0001., in satisfaction of the claims
against him es owe of the directors of the defunct bank.
After carefully considering the proposition, the represen-
tatives of the creditors, in conjunction with the committee
of depositors, have unanimously resolved to accept it as a
satisfactory settlement.
ATTEMPT TO UPSET • RAILWAY TRAIN.—A few
days ago a wicked attempt was owls to upset a train on
the North British Railway, near Mil'arbill station. A
goods train from Carlisle bad just passed along the line
i early in the morning, and at that time the rails were all right.
Shortly afterwards, however, on the surfacemen making
their usual inspection of the line before the passenger trains
for the day commenced to run, it was found that the keys
of one of the rails bad been loosened and the rail itself dre.
plead, time rendering it absolutely certain that the first
train attempting to pass would be thrown off the mils, with
what tragical result no one can tell to a number of lives.
Investigation is being made into the matter, and it la sir
cerely hoped that (the perpetrates, of this horrible crime
I will meet with the punishment they so richly deserve. The
. occurrence is an example of the great utility and necessity
lof the constant inspection of the metals ;" sad it is a most
fortunate circumstance that the regular system of inspection
; pursued on this railroad led to the tirneous discovery of the
I diabolical act.—Edinturylr Courant.